WUKlwitlliUtaH 39002003867414 ?YALE ? VNIVERSITY > ? L I B RA RY ' ¦y-.¥i HISTORY OF ALABAMA AND DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY BY THOMAS McADORY OWEN, LL.D. "> - Lawyer, Founder and Director Alabama State Department of Archives and History, and author of numerous historical and bibliographical publications IN FOUR VOLUMES VOLUME III CHICAGO THE S. J. CLARKE PUBLISHING COMPANY 1921 History lives in the men who make it, and the individuals are thus the first study, not only as they appear in public, but much more as they are m private and when taken unawares. John Esten Cooke, in his "History of Virginia," p. 319. • Copyright, 1921, BY MARIE BANKHEAD OWEN Dedicated TO MY FATHER OTilltam jWarmabufee <£toen, Physician and TO MY FATHER-IN-LAW 3Tofjn Mollis Pankfjeab, Statesman Unf ailing and sympathetic friends in all my efforts PREFACE TO BIOGRAPHICAL VOLUMES Feeling that the memory of the worthy men and women who have built the State of Alabama should be preserved for the inspiration of posterity, the author of this book — with great pains, and through a long period of years — assembled the data that is pre sented in these biographical volumes. As may be expected in a work of this character, some errors may have crept in and omissions been made. These faults should not be attributed to carelessness or to failure in earnest effort on the part of the author, for he was conscientious in verifying all claims, dates, and statements as far as his ability to do so permitted. The fault in many cases justly belongs to others. After repeated efforts to get the proper data from descendants of the men and women who had distin guished themselves in the annals of Alabama, Dr. Owen often failed. This failure was due in some cases to procrastination in those appealed to, in others to their indifference, and in still others to a lack of records. On the other hand, hundreds cooperated with the author with the greatest enthusiasm, supplying data and answering questions fully and promptly, and to these thanks are due and acknowledgment here made. In a few cases, supplementary facts or corrections of former data came too late to be used. I desire also to explain that material for the preparation of a few sketches was assembled too late to admit of the subjects being placed in their proper alphabetical order. These sketches therefore appear in an Addenda. It will be noted that all biographical sketches included in this work are stripped of any attempt at eulogy. This "History of Alabama and Dictionary of Alabama Biography" is issued to a limited number of advance subscribers only. If, in the future, there is sufficient demand for a second edition, it will be highly desirable to correct at that time all errors occur ring here. For that reason, I respectfully urge all persons who detect such errors kindly to call my attention to them. It is a great loss that Dr. Owen was not permitted to live to put the last touches to the manuscript, and to bring to the task of proof reading that scholarship and acumen that characterized all his finished work. If any discrepancies in style appear, I beg indulgence. And I invoke from the good people of Alabama charity of judgment toward my efforts to complete this work, — since they, as well as I, must know that none but the author himself could have made of it the masterpiece of his dreams. Marie Bankhead Owen Dictionary of Alabama Biography ABERCROMBIE, ANDERSON, planter, was born and reared in Hancock County, Ga., and died in 1867; son of Maj. Charles and Dicey Edwina (Boothe) Abercrombie (q. v.) and brother of James Abercrombie (q. v.). He was an extensive planter and slave owner. He en listed as a private in the War of 1812, rose to the rank of adjutant-general, and was wounded at the battle of Calebee. The Indians were his friends on account of his kindness to them, and when hostilities broke out be tween the settlers and Indians, the Aber crombie home was not molested. He repre sented Hancock County, Ala., 1826 and 1827, in the house. Early in the thirties he removed to Russell County, Ala., and settled on a large plantation. He was a Presbyterian; and a Democrat. Married: in 1818, at Sparta, Greene County, Ga., to Sidney, daughter of John Grimes, of that place. Children: 1. Elizabeth, m. Nicholas Howard; 2. John Grimes, m Tabitha Crowell; 3. Charles Thomas, m. Vir ginia Gordon; 4. Sara, m. her cousin, James Abercrombie, of Pensacola, Fla.; 5. James Jackson, m. Eliza Parthenia Ross (q. v.) ; 6. Everard H., m. Pauline Lewis; 7. Josephine, m. Edwin Belser; 8. Louisa, m. John R. Berry; 9. Robert S. ; 10. Mary F., m. Gen. S. G. French, of the C. S. Army; 11. Florida, m. (1) S. M. Wellborn, (2) Gov. James M. Smith, of Geor gia; 12. Wiley W., m. Nettie Spear. ABERCROMBIE, CHARLES, soldier of the American Revolution, an early settler of Han cock County, Ga., was born about 1742 and died in 1819; son of Robert Abercrombie of Scotland who emigrated to America and set tled in Hancock County, Ga. He was an officer in the Revolutionary war and is said to have been "a gentleman of great wealth and influ ence and held the rank of major in the pa triot army during the Revolutionary war. He was patriotic in every sense of the word and while the eventful struggle was in progress erected a large fort which was designed as a protection and free use for friends and neigh bors." Married: to Dicey Edwina Boothe. Children: 1. John, m. Miss Martin; 2. Abner; 3. Edmund; 4. Leonard, m. Sallie Comer; 6. Gen. Anderson, (q. v.) m. Sidney Grimes; 7. Charles, m. Mrs. Elizabeth (Grimes) Martin; 8. James (q. v.), m. Evalina Elizabeth Ross; 9. Jane, m. Boiling Hall (q. v.) ; 10. Nancy, m. Barnes, of North Carolina; 11. Sarah, m. Raines. ABERCROMBIE, CHARLES GORDON, busi ness man, was born in Russell County, June 14, 1855, and died in Montgomery, June 23, 1917; son of Dr. Charles Thomas and Virginia (Gordon) Abercrombie of Russell County; grandson of Gen. Anderson and Sidney (Grimes) Abercrombie (q. v.) and of Charles P. and Barbara (Galbraith) Gordon, the for mer of Georgia and the latter from Pennsyl vania. He attended the Russell County schools but was unable to attend college on account of the death of his father. He at one time was president of the Montgomery chamber of commerce and a member of "Independent rifles" and the "Mounted rifles" 1883-95; was a Democrat; an Episcopalian; Knight of Py thias; and a Red Man. Married: (1) January 12, 1887, at Columbus, Ga., to Fannie, daugh ter of Henry Herman and Isabella Epping, of that place; (2) November 1896, to Kate, daugh ter of William D. Westcott, of Montgomery; (3) in 1903, to Mrs. Mary (Sadler) Grigg, daughter of Claudius Earle and Helena (Fra- zier) Sadler, of Montgomery. Children by the first wife: 1. Isabella, deceased; 2. Fannie Vir ginia, m. Gustav Fletcher of Philadelphia; by the second wife, 3. Charles Gordon jr. Last residence: Montgomery. ABERCROMBIE, JAMES, State legislator and representative in congress, was born in 1795, in Hancock County, Ga., and died in Pensacola, Fla., July 2, 1861; son of Major Charles and Dicey Edwina (Boothe) Abercrombie, (q. v.) and brother of Anderson Abercrombie (q. v.). He received a splendid education and came to Alabama about 1812, settling in Monroe, now Dallas County, and removing to Montgomery County about the time that Alabama was ad mitted to the Union. He represented that county in the house, 1820-1822, and 1824, and in the senate, 1825, 1828 and 1831. In 1834 he moved to Russell County and represented the county in the house, 1838 and 1839, and in the senate in 1847. He was elected, 1851, to con gress in opposition to Hon. John Cochran of Barbour County, and reelected two years later, defeating David Clopton of Macon. He re tired in 1859 and spent part of his time in Florida, where he engaged in government con tracts for brick. He died in Pensacola, Fla., and was buried in Columbus, Ga. In politics he was a Whig and was at all times a leader in the party. Married: July 27, 1816, in Mont gomery County, to Evelina Elizabeth, daughter of Isaac I. and Parthenia Anne (Browne) Ross (q. v.). Children: 1. James, m. his cousin, Sarah Abercrombie, of Pensacola, Fla.; 2. John Lucas, m. America Watson; 3. Thomas Ander son, m. Mollie Gobert, of Pensacola, Fla.; 4. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY George Hargraves, deceased; 5. Evelina Eliza beth, m. William C. Wright (q. v.); 6. Sarah Edwina, m. Gazaway D. Williams, of Barbour County; 7. Jane, m. Dr. John E. Bacon, of Columbus, Ga.; 8. Parthenia, m. Gen. James H. Clanton (q. v.), of Montgomery; 9. Clara, m. William C. Cook, of Pensacola; 10. Mary, m. L. R. Davis, of Limestone County. Last resi dence: Pensacola, Fla. ABERCROMBIE, JAMES JACKSON, lawyer and judge, was born August 28, 1825, near Sparta, Hancock County, Ga., and died at Ope- lika, May 18, 1901; son of Anderson and Sid ney (Grimes) Abercrombie (q. v.). At an early age, he removed to Russell County; attended the country schools, and at La Grange, Ga.; graduated from Emory college and from the law department of Harvard university. He opened an office at Columbus, Ga.; served for four years as judge of the superior court of Muscogee district; enlisted, 1862, as a private in a company of minute men Ross' battalion, Co. G., and was advanced for meritorious con duct to the rank of major. After the war, he took up his residence at Opelika and continued the practice of law there until his death. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Mar ried: April 23, 1856, at Tallassee, to Parthenia Eliza, daughter of Isaac II and Narcissa Whit field (Sledge) Ross (q. v.) Children: 1. James Anderson, deceased; 2. Ross, deceased; 3. John Chappell, m. Mrs. Dora (Thornton) Jefferson, of Meridian, Miss.; 4. Wiley, unmar ried. Last residence: Opelika. i ABERCROMBIE, MILO BOLLING, sr., planter, was born March 1, 1806, in Hancock County, Ga., and died August 22, 1860; son of Leonard A. and Sallie (Comer) (Abercrom bie; grandson of Major Charles and Dicey Ed wina (Boothe) Abercrombie (q. v.). He re moved to Alabama while a young man and set tled at Cross Keys, Macon County, where he became a large planter and slave owner. He is buried at Montgomery. Married: (1) De cember 15, 1829, to Sarah Lee, daughter of Robert G. and Mary (Fisher) Hayden, of Clarke County, early settlers of that county and who started a small shoe factory about three miles south of Suggsville, 1815; grand daughter of Col. George and Catherine (Sossa- mon) Fisher (q. v.) ; (2) January 30, 1851, to Sarah G. Greenleaf. Children, by first wife: 1. Mary S.; 2. Alabama; 3. Leonard A., m. L. A. Chilton of Montgomery, lived at Huntsville, Tex.; 4. Milo Boiling, m. Miss Houston of Hous ton, Tex., d. at same place; 5. John Comer, m. R. A. Martin, and was a member of the 45th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, d. at Tuskegee; 6. Robert Haden (q. v.) m. Fan nie R. Gary; 7. George A., a physician who practised at Snowdoun, d. unmarried; 8. W. H. H.; 9. Sarah Comer, m. Dr. W. H. Craw ford; 10. Amelia; II. Annie B., m. Boiling Reid, of Tuskegee; 12. Charles A. I; 13. Charles A. II; 14. James B. I; 15: James B. II; by the second wife 16. Webster, an edu cator of distinction, at one time at the head of Worcester academy, Mass.; 17. Boiling; 18. Winona; 19. Tallulah. Last residence: Macon County. ABERCROMBIE, ROBERT HADEN, colonel 45th Alabama regiment C. S. Army, was born September 11, 1837 at Cross Keys, Macon County, and died June 8, 1891, at Gadsden, and is buried in Tuskegee; son of Milo Boiling and Sarah Lee (Haden) Abercrombie (q. v.). He was graduated from the law school or Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn., 185a, and immediately began the practice of his profession at Tuskegee with the firm of Wil liams, Graham and Mayes. He entered theo. S. Army, 1862, as captain of Co. H, 45th Ala bama infantry regiment, was promoted to ma jor after the resignation of Col. Gilchrist ap pointed lieutenant colonel about December I8bd, and colonel after the battle of Atlanta. After the war he returned to Tuskegee and continued to practice law under the name of Graham and Abercrombie. On removing to Gadsden, 1888, he formed a partnership with Judge J. A. Bilbro. He was a Presbyterian. Married: Jan uary 9, 1860, to Fannie R. Gary. Children: 1. William; 2. Fannie H., married Dr. D. H. Baker, of Gadsden; 3. Ann E., m. Dr. Thomas S. Jordan; 4. Robert H.; 5. Newton; 6. Thomas Gary. Last residence: Gadsden. ABERCROMBIE, JOHN WILLIAM, lawyer, superintendent of education, president State University, and representative in Congress, was born May 17, 1866, near Kelly's Creek, St. Clair County; son of Henry Monroe and Sarah Anne (Kendrick) Abercrombie, the former a private in the C. S._ Army; a farmer and a merchant; the grandson of Isaac and Nancy (Dowdy) Abercrombie of Arbacoochee, Randolph County, and of Andrew Jackson Kendrick. The Aber- crombies, Dowdys and Kendricks have for many years been residents of St. Clair County. Dr. Abercrombie was educated in the country schools, and at Oxford college, Oxford, A. B., 1886, and graduated from the University of Ala bama, LL.B., 1888. His career in educational work has been continuous since 1886: presi dent, Ashland college, 1886-87; principal, Cle burne institute, 1888-89; president, Bowdon college, Georgia, 1890-91; superintendent pub lic schools, Anniston, 1891-97; and president, Anniston college for young ladies, 1897-98. He served as mayor of Edwardsville, 1889- 90; was a member of the State senate from Calhoun and Cleburne Counties, 1896-97, and 1898-99; was elected State superintendent of education in 1898 and served until 1902; and was president of the University of Alabama, 1902-1911. The University of Alabama con ferred the degree of LL.D., 1904, and Univer sity of S. C, 1905. In 1906, under his direc tion, the University celebrated its 75th anni versary. In 1912 he was elected to the 63rd Congress from the State-at-large, re-elected in 1914 to the 64th Congress, and retired at the expiration of his term, March 3, 1917. He is the author of the reports and other publica tions of the State superintendent of educa tion, issued during his term, and he is also the author of several addresses, booklets and documents on educational subjects. In addi tion to his political service in the State, he has been active in the larger field of educa tional effort, having served as member of Ala- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY bama text-book commission, 1903-1908; chair man Alabama commission for selection of Rhodes scholars, 1903-1911; organizer and president Alabama association of colleges, 1908- 1912; member board of directors National edu cational association, 1900-1904, and 1909-1911; president Southern educational association, 1906-1907, and life member board directors since 1907; member National association of state universities, 1903-1911; president South ern educational council, 1912-1914; member National council of education, 1908-1912; ap pointed by President Wilson solicitor U. S. department of labor. In 1919 appointed State Superintendent of education by Governor Kilby. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Mason, and a Knight of Pythias. Married: at Edwardsville, January 8, 1891, to Rosa, daughter of James Benjamin and Elizabeth (Faver) Merrill, and sister of Walter B. and Hugh Davis Merrill (q. v.). Children: 1. Myrl Elizabeth, m. Edward T. Thomas, of Baltimore, now with Du Pont pow der company, stationed at Washburn, Wis.; 2. Sarah Clare, m. Charles H. Barnwell, jr., captain in the U. S. Army; 3. Ruth, m. J. C. Bondurant, of Jacksonville; 4. Rose. Resi dence: Anniston. ABERNATHY, MILES WASHINGTON, plant er and public official, was born July 21, 1801, at Mountain Creek, Lincoln County, N. C., and died July 22, 1877, at Jacksonville; son of John D. and Susan (Forney) Abernathy, a na tive of Virginia, but later resident of Moun tain Creek, where he owned iron works and plantation lands; grandson of David and Nancy (Turner) Abernathy of Virginia, and of Jacob and Maria (Bergner) Forney of Mount Wel come, Beattie's Ford, N. C. He was well edu cated in the schools of his native county. His abilities were early recognized, and he was sent as a representative from Lincoln County, to the North Carolina legislature where he served two terms. He was then made county judge, and held that office until his removal to Alabama in 1837. He bought a plantation in Benton, now Calhoun County, and settled his slaves upon it, and also formed a partnership in the mercantile business with his brother-in-law, Col. John D. Hoke. In 1842 he was elected to the house of representatives of Alabama, and served for two terms. In 1855 he was elected to the senate, where he remained four years. It was because of his admiration for John C. Calhoun, to whose political opinions he subscribed, that he caused the name of the county to be changed from Ben ton to Calhoun. The monument to his legisla tive service however, is the State school for the deaf and dumb, located at Talladega, which under his leadership was established in 1857- 58. He was one of a committee of three ap pointed by the legislature in 1847 to receive the new capitol building at Montgomery. At the outbreak of the War of Secession he ten dered his service to the Confederate cause; was appointed major, and his home was turned into a receiving hospital for sick soldiers. He was a Lutheran, and Democrat. Married: June 18, 1835, in Lincolnton, N. O, to Ann, daughter of Daniel and Barbara (Ramseur) Hoke of that place; granddaughter of Jacob A. and Sabina (Swope) Ramseur whose parents emigrated from Alsace on the Rhine, settling first in Pennsylvania and later in North Carolina. Children: 1. Fannie E., m. T. W. Francis, Jack sonville; 2. Anna M., m. D. P. Loretz, Jackson ville; 3. Mary A., m. H. L. Stevenson, Jackson ville;! 4. Macon, student University of Ala bama, 1859, private in Co. G, 10th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army, mortally wounded at Frazier's Farm, Va., June 30, 1862, d. at Richmond July 1, 1862; 5. Julia Swope, m. J. D. Smith. Last residence: Jacksonville. ABERNATHY, NATHAN HUBERT, Metho dist minister, was born September 29, 1882, at Lafayette; son of John Thomas and Dorthula Nelson (Cole) Abernathy, who lived at Buf falo, Chambers County; grandson of James W. T. and Joana Abernathy, and of Davis Law- son and Nancy (Rosenberry) Cole, all of Buf falo. He was educated in the rural schools of Chambers County, and spent one year at South ern university, Greensboro, and three years at Birmingham college. In 1911 he entered the North Alabama conference, Methodist Episco pal church, South, and has since that date filled stations in north Alabama. Married: Decem ber 18, 1912, at Birmingham to Sarah Haskell, daughter of William Weaver and Leila (Ham let) Betts, of that place; granddaughter of Albert Boardman Hamlet, who served as a ser geant in the Sixth Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. Children: 1. Nathan Hoyt; 2. Wil liam Hubert. Residence: Dora. ABERNATHY, ROBERT TOWNS, physician,' was born November 22, 1824, in Lawrence County; son of John I. and Sarah (Ellett) Abernathy, both Virginians, the former a farmer and merchant, at Lunenburg Court House, Va., about 1806, removed to South Flor ence, and later to Tuscumbia, before the Mexican War; grandson of David Abernathy, of Scotch-Irish extraction, an early settler in Virginia, who served in the Revolutionary War, and who was one of the pioneers of Huntsville. Dr. Abernathy was reared on a farm; received his academic education at La Grange college; graduated in March, 1849, from the Medical department of the University of New York; lo cated at New Orleans ; removed to Macon, Miss., and in 1851 located at Tuscumbia. He was, for sometime prior to the war, and while in the ac tive practice of medicine, editor of the "Tus cumbia Constitution." After the evacuation of Corinth, he enlisted as surgeon in the 5th Ala bama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army, with which he remained until the surrender of his regiment at Pond Springs. After the war he resumed the practice of his profession, and engaged in farming. He was a Presbyterian. Married: March 12, 1856, to Caledonia, daughter of George W. and Lucy H. Carrol. Children: 1. Lucy; 2. Willie; 3. Tracy; 4. George C, civil engineer; 5. St. Elmo. Last residence: Tus cumbia. ABERNATHY, THOMAS SMITH, Methodist minister, was born March 26, 1803, in Bruns- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY wick County, Va., and died April 13, 1882, in Dayton; son of Henry and Rebecca (Firth) Abernathy, of Brunswick and Dinwiddie Coun ties, respectively; grandson of John Abernathy, a native of Scotland who emigrated to Virginia. Thomas Smith Abernathy, was one of five preachers to organize the First Methodist Con ference in Alabama. He entered the ministry in 1872 and rendered great service to religion and to civilization during the pioneer period of the State. He was a Mason. Last residence: Dayton. ABERNETHY, B. G., physician, was born April 13, 1844, in Marengo County; son of Rev. Thomas Smith and Ellen Abernethy, natives of Tennessee and Alabama, respectively. He was prepared for college but at the outbreak of the War of Secession, although but sixteen years of age, he volunteered and entered the C. S. Army, serving as a private until six months previous to the close, when he was appointed brigade assistant quartermaster, a position he held until the surrender. Return ing home he taught school, later was a cotton buyer, and drug clerk. He began to read medi cine, privately, becoming so well grounded in the principles that he began to practice the pro fession in Hale County. He took a medical course at the Southern university, Greensboro, later entered the College of physicians and sur geons, Baltimore, Md., from which he gradu ated in 1880. He located in Birmingham and in association with his brother, Dr. J. C. Aber nethy (q. v.), continued the practice. Mar ried: November 7, 1867, to Elizabeth, daugh ter of Capt. John Cocke, of Hale County. Chil dren: 1. Benjamin C; 2. Thomas S.; 3. May J.; 4. John C. Residence: Birmingham. ABERNETHY, HEUSTIS BARNETT, judge, was born December 11, 1872, at Yellow Bluff, Wilcox County; son of Dr. Jones C. and Car oline O. (Mobley) Abernethy; grandson on the paternal side of an Abernethy who was a min ister in the Methodist Episcopal church, went from the Tennessee Conference to Alabama in 1823, preached to the Indians . in Mississippi and Alabama, was the last surviving member of the original Methodist Conference organized at Tuscaloosa, and a planter, and of Col. Bar- nett H. Mobley, who was a colonel in the U. S. Army during the Indian war in Florida pre vious to the Civil war; great-grandson of Henry Abernethy who was a native of Dundee, Scotland, came to America and settled in Vir ginia, later removing to Pulaski, Tennessee of which town he was official for several years; great-great-grandson of John Abernethy who was also a native of Dundee, Scotland and came to America at the time his son Henry came to Brunswick, Virginia, and was a slave holding landowner. All connections of the Abernethy family since their coming to Amer ica have been representatives of the Methodist church, and its men have been professional, engaging in the practice of medicine, law, or entering the service of the ministry. Dr. Jones C. Abernethy, the father of the subject of the sketch, was born September 6, 1835, in old Spring Hill, Marengo County; was graduated M. D. from the University of Louisiana, now Tulane, in 1860; served in the Civil war; was elected surgeon of the Thirty-second Alabama regiment in 1862; was transferred to the Forty- third Georgia regiment, and was with this lat ter command at the time of Johnstons sur render at Greensboro, North Carolina; fought in every engagement of the army of Tennessee from Murfreesboro to end of war; practiced medicine in Birmingham from 1883-1915; was president of the Jefferson County Medical As sociation; commander of Camp Hardee of which he was one of the founders; elected president of the Association of Confederate Surgeons; married Caroline O. Mobley of Wil cox County in 1859; children: 1. Jones C, who is interested in and operating oil wells at or near Dallas, Texas; 2. H. B., the subject of this sketch; 3. Mrs. Marie A. Northington, who is the wife of Charles Northington of Tus caloosa; 4. Tom S., operator and owner of oil wells in Kentucky; 5. Mrs. Ellen L. Parks, wife of Henry Parks, a merchant of Sylvester, Georgia; 6. William H., who is now superin tendent of the electric plant owned and oper ated by the city of Birmingham; d. in March, 1915. Heustis Barnett Abernethy was educated in the public schools of Birmingham from which high school he was graduated in 1886; at tended college at Auburn for two terms, 1887- 1888, and then took a year's course at Howard college, Birmingham; ran a truck farm near Birmingham for two years; studied law in the office of William J. Cahalan and R. L, Thorn ton, attorneys-at-law, in Birmingham; was admitted to practice in 1894, and continued in this profession until 1900; then elected justice of the peace, which office he held until 1903 or 1904; was elected judge of the inferior court of Birmingham and held that office until 1908, when he was elected as one of the judges of the Birmingham Court of Common Pleas; in 1916, was appointed one of the judges of the Mu nicipal Court of Birmingham, which office he filled until 1919, when the legislature created the Jefferson County Court of Misdemeanors, and he was appointed judge of this court. He is a Democrat and was twice elected chairman of the City Democratic Executive Committee, of which body he was a member for a period of fourteen years, being partly responsible for the change from the aldermanic to a commission form of government in Birmingham. Judge Abernethy was instrumental in having em bodied in the last constitution of Ala bama a provision wherein the legislature could provide for the abolishment of jus tices of the peace in all cities over 1,500 inhabitants and providing for the establish ment of inferior courts in lieu of justices of the peace, thereby abolishing the old fee sys tem of paying for their services. The first of these courts in Alabama was established in 1903 in Birmingham, and the bill creating this court was drawn by Mr. Abernethy. He attempts to cure those addicted to the use of narcotics by sentencing them to work on the county farm, for from six to twelve months, contend- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ing that absolute isolation from their former companions and habits, pure air, sunshine and moderate physical exercise will and has cured many victims of the drug habit. He is a stu dent of the negro character, and in the trial of criminal cases looks more to the equity involved than to the technical side of the question at issue. Beside his connection with the Demo cratic party he is a Knight Templar, Shriner, Odd Fellow, a member of the Birmingham Civic Association, of the Sons of Confederate Veterans, and of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. Married: September 20, 1912, at Birmingham to Ninette E. Wood, daugh ter of Hernando De Soto and Corinne Pierce (Girard) Wood of Huntsville, the former who was city auditor of Birmingham for a num ber of years prior to his death and was a descendant of Samuel Wood of ' Mecklenburg, the latter who is a descendant of the Girards who were followers of Napoleon, and upon their exile, came to America, and on her mother's side she is a descendant of Simon Chaudron, who five generations removed, wrote many French books and later is mentioned as one of the substantial citizens and one of the foun ders of Demopolis. Residence: Birmingham. ABERNETHY, JONES CADWALADER, phy sician, was born September 6, 1836, at Old Spring Hill, Marengo County, and died Febru ary 28, 1915, at Birmingham; son of Rev. Thom as Smith and Martha W. (Lucy) Abernethy. He received his elementary education in the com mon schools of his native county and studied medicine in Nashville, Tenn., 1856-57. In 1859 he graduated from the medical department of the University of Louisiana, and entered upon the practice at once in Marengo County. In 1861, he entered the C. S. Army as surgeon of the 32nd Alabama infantry regiment; was transferred to the 43rd Georgia infantry regi ment; was at one time surgeon of Gen. H. D. Clayton's brigade and was chief surgeon of Gen. Breckenridge's division during his Mis sissippi campaign. He resumed the practice of medicine in his native county but in 1882 he removed to Birmingham. He was elected pres ident of the Jefferson County medical associa tion, and commander of Camp Hardee, United Confederate Veterans, of which he was one of the founders. He was also president of the Surgeons of the Confederacy, United Confed erate Veterans. He was a Democrat; a Metho dist and a Mason. Married: August 31, 1858 at Lower Peach Tree, Wilcox County, to Caro line O., daughter of Thomas Barnett and Re becca (Campbell) Mobley of that place. Chil dren: 1. Jones C, jr., m. Cora Elizabeth Hughes Houston, Texas; 2. Judge Heustis Barnett, m Ninette Eugenia Wood, Birmingham; 3. Will H., Birmingham; 4. Thomas Smith, m. Grace Dyer, Birmingham; 5. Marie Antionette, m. Charles Worthington, Tuscaloosa; 6. Ellen Lau- den, m. Henry Earle Parke, Sylvester, Ga. Last residence: Birmingham. ABERNETHY, PAUL L., Methodist minister, member North Alabama conference. Now do ing Y. M. C. A. work in Anniston. ABERNETHY, THOMAS PERKINS, teacher, was born August 25, 1890, at Collirene, Lowdnes County; son of William Heinz and Annie (Rast) Abernethy, of Birmingham, the former a Confederate soldier; grandson of Rev. Thom as Smith and Eliza (Heinz) Abernethy, jr., and of William and Eliza (Clarke) Heinz; great-grandson of Thomas Smith Abernethy, a pioneer Methodist minister, one of the founders of the Alabama conference. He attended the public schools of Birmingham, graduating in 1905, after which he entered the Fourth dis trict agricultural school, Sylacauga; had one year at Marion institute, and was a student at the College of Charleston, Charleston, S. C, 1908-12, graduating A.B., and M.A., magna cum laude, the latter year winning a number of college honors. In 1914 he entered Harvard graduate school of arts and sciences, received the M. A. degree in history, 1915, continuing his studies through 1916 for a Ph.D. degree. He taught at Marion institute, 1912-14; Wom an's college of Alabama, 1916-17; Marion insti tute, 1919. When the United States entered the European War, he joined the army as a private in the 81st division, December 28, 1917, and was discharged as second lieutenant of in fantry, December 28, 1918. Married: December 6, 1917, at Marion, Ida Erckman, daughter of Taliaferro Caldwell and Charlotte Staton (Huger) Robertson, who lived at Asheville, N. C; granddaughter of Alexander Calvin and Thomas S. and Elizabeth (Staton) Huger of South Carolina. Residence: Marion. ABERNETHY, T. S., Methodist minister. Residence: Birmingham. ABERNETHY, THOMAS YOUNG, Methodist minister, was born October 13, 1851, at Spring Hill, Marengo County; son of William Henry and Susan Rebecca (Grayson) Abernethy, the former also a native of Spring Hill, a practic ing physician for sixty-three years, local med ical examiner for the Confederacy, on account of being a cripple was debarred from active service; grandson of Thomas Smith and Martha (Lucy) Abernethy, and of Young and Emeline (Moore) Grayson, all of Marengo County; great- grandson of Henry and Rebecca (Frith) Aber nethy, who with the former's father, John Aber nethy, immigrated from Scotland to Bruns wick County, Va., and of William James and Susan (Williams) Grayson. He received an old field school education and read medicine prior to hearing the call to preach. He taught school for three years in Wilcox County before receiv ing his license with the itinerant Methodist ministry, 1873, in which he has served for forty- three consecutive years. He was for fifteen years a circuit rider, fifteen years on stations and eight in districts. He has been secretary of the Conference mission board for a number of years; is a Mason and a Democrat. Mar ried: April 19, 1876, to Lizzie, daughter of J. Leslie and Margaret Elizabeth (Bradley) John son, of Johnson's Wood Yard, Monroe County; granddaughter of John and Mary Ann (Les lie) Johnson, and of John and Margaret (Mun- nerlin) Bradley. The Johnsons and Bradleys were of Irish origin and removed from South DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Carolina to Alabama in 1816. Children: 1. Thomas Young; 2. Lizzie J., m. Earnest Henry Archibald, Castleberry; 3. Mysie, m. William Ray Chesser, Pensacola, Fla.; 4. Florence Al- mira, m. Walter Richards Bennett, Pensacola, Fla.; 5. Mary Owen, Camden; 6. William Henry, m. Lilly Belle Triggs, Spring Hill; 7. Floyd Lamar, Flomaton; 8. Rufus Gautier, Tuskegee. Residence: Greensboro. ABNEY, THOMAS HAMILTON, planter, was born in 1795, at Edgefield, S. C, and died January 8, 1870, at Randolph, Bibb County; son of Samuel and Mary (Kennedy) Abney. The emigrant ancestor came from England and settled near Raleigh, N. C. His descend ants were staunch patriots in the Revolu tionary War. Thomas Abney was a private in the Indian and in the Mexican wars. He came to Alabama in 1826 and engaged in farming upon land still owned by his descendants. He was an old line Whig, and a Methodist. Mar ried: in 1817, in Richmond, Va., Mary Anne, daughter of Thomas Gausden. Mrs. Gausden's first husband was a Capt. Holmes of the Brit ish Army. Children: 1. Mary Cecil, d. unmar ried; 2. Frances, m. Newton Woodruff, of Gadsden; 3. Alexander Hamilton, m. Marinda Camp of Rockport, Tex.; 4. Aurelia, m. George Washington Trammell, of Sardis, Miss.; 5. Virginia, d. unmarried; 6. Cincinnatus, m. Mahulda Thomason, of Franklin Parish, La.; 7. Amanda, d. unmarried; 8. Henry Clay, m. Leonora , was a Confederate soldier, d. in the service in Virginia, 1863; 9. Samuel, born September 10, 1835, attended the Univer sity of Alabama, 1855-57, teacher at Montevallo, 1858, member of Morton's Battery, Forrest's Ar tillery, C. S. Army, m. Martha A. Walker, April 13, 1870, resides at Randolph; 10. Zachariah (q. v.), twin brother of above m. Victoria Doster; 11. Chesterfield, who resides in Frank lin Parish, La., unmarried. Last residence: Randolph. ABNEY, ZACHARIAH, lawyer, was born September 10, 1835, near Randolph, and died August 10, 1911, at Prattville; son of Thomas Hamilton and Mary Ann (Gausden) Abney (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of his home county, and at Brierfield. In 1855-57 he attended the University of Ala bama; later read law in the office of Senator John T. Morgan at Selma; and was admitted to the bar there in 1859. He enlisted as a private in Co. F, 11th Alabama infantry regi ment, served in the ranks for thirteen months, and promoted lieutenant and captain. After removing to Prattville he was appointed regis ter in chancery, a position he held from 1883 to his death, or for twenty-eight years. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: March 31, 1867, near Prattville, to Alexandria Victoria, daughter of Absalom and Sarah (Alexander) Doster, formerly of Lowndes County. Children: 1. Annie Gausden; 2. Lina Cecil, m. Walter Robinson, of Grandview; 3. Samuel Houston, Prattville; 4. Zachariah, m. Marion Frances Bowen, Prattville, the latter from Clinton, Ga. Last residence: Prattville. ABRAHAMS, WILLIAM THOMAS, physi cian, was born May 29, 1834, at Newman, Ga., and died September 17, 1898, at Mobile; son ot James Armistead and Sara Truly (Ward) Abra hams. The former, who was born November 12, 1804, in Virginia and moved to Living ston, Sumter County, and the latter a native ot Georgia; and grandson of and Theodosia (Armistead) Abrahams of Virginia. Both the Abrahams and the Ward families are of Eng lish descent. The Abrahams came from London to America. William Thomas Abrahams took up the study of medicine at the University of Virginia and received the degree of M. D. from that institution and from the University of New York. He began the practice of medicine in McKinley, Marengo County, in 1857 and con tinued in this profession until the outbreak of the War of Secession. He volunteered as a pri vate in the Fourth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, but was soon appointed surgeon. He served in that capacity until the close of the war. After peace was declared he became a merchant broker at Mobile. He was a Demo crat, and a member of the Episcopal church, and a Mason. Married: November 24, 1868, at McKinley, Annie King, daughter of Henry Nicholas and Lucretia (King) Croch- eron of McKinley, granddaughter of Mary Bar ton Wellborn of Georgia. The Crocheron fam ily came to America from France with the Huguenots and settled in Staten Island. The Kings were early settlers in North Carolina. Last residence: Mobile. ACKER, ELISHA DAVID, lawyer, was born February 14, 1861, at Lincoln, Talladega County; son of Albert S. and Elizabeth (O'Rear) Acker, the former of Williamston, S. O, a member of Co. C, 30th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army, and as a physi cian assisted in brigade hospital service; grandson of Amos and Ruth (Halhert) Acker of Williamston, S. O, and of William and Dorothy (Reed) O'Rear of Lincoln, but of Irish ancestry. The paternal great-grand father, Peter Acker, came from Germany, set tling near Jersey City, and was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. The maternal grand father, William O'Rear, assisted in removing the Creek and Cherokee Indians, and held the rank of major in that service. Mr. Acker was educated in the public schools of Talladega County; graduated at Oxford college A. B., 1882; taught at Alexandria in 1882 and 1883, and in the latter year entered the law depart ment of the University of Alabama, where he graduated, LL. B., 1884. He practiced law and edited "The Weekly Post" at Piedmont, June, 1884, to September, 1886; later taught in vari ous schools; was a member of the county board of examiners for teachers in Cherokee county, 1889-90; and a magistrate at Lincoln for fif teen years. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: at Alexandria, December 3, 1884, to Lula Mattie, daughter of Rev. Robert G. and Mary A. (Easley) Ragan, of Oxford. Rev. Mr. Ragan was a Virginian, ' in early life moved to Alabama, was a member of the North Alabama conference from the date of its organization as long as he lived, and a DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY teacher in Oxford college at the time of his death. Children: 1. Mae Belle; 2. Joseph Ra gan; 3. Ruth; 4. Mary Elizabeth. Residence: Lincoln. ACKER, PAUL JEROME MORRIS, physician, graduate of the Alabama medical college, Mo bile, and entered upon the practice in 1892. Residence: Mobile. ACKER, WILLIAM P., lawyer, legislator and banker, was born August 17, 1868, at Spring Garden, Cherokee County. He received his edu cation at the public schools of the state and Oxford college, Oxford, from which . he was graduated B. A. in 1886. He taught in the public schools of Alabama 1887-89; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1889, since located at Anniston and has been actively engaged in practicing his profession; was elected to the state senate in 1918; served as chairman of the judiciary com mittee and committee on rules during the ses sion of 1919; is president of the Anniston Na tional Bank; is a director of a number of in dustrial incorporations; and a member of the American Bar Association and the Alabama State Bar Association. He is a Democrat; a Knight of Pythias, and has served as a mem ber of the Grand Tribunal of the Grand Lodge of Alabama; and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. He was appointed by the North Alabama conference as a member of the joint commission of the Alabama and North Alabama conferences to unify the edu cational institutions of the two conferences and is a trustee of the Birmingham-Southern col lege, Birmingham. Married: (1) July 2, 1902, at Perdue Hill, to Miss Mary Agee, who died in 1911; (2) to Mrs. Annie S. McElreath, at Bay Saint Louis, Miss., February 7, 1917. Chil dren: 1. William P., jr.; 2. Marie. Residence: Anniston. ACKLAND, SAMUEL BLACK, early pioneer. Married: Elizabeth Hunt. ACKLAND, THEODORE, lawyer, was born September 19, 1833, at Huntsville, Madison County; and died November 18, 1870, at Hunts ville; son of William and Louisa (King) Ack- len (q. v.) ; grandson of Samuel and Elizabeth (Hunt) Acklen, and of Edmund King; great grandson of Capt. John Hunt, founder of Hunts ville. He received his early education at Hunts ville and was graduated from the law school of the University of Alabama, after which he prac ticed law in Huntsville. He continued his prac tice in that city until his death. He was a pri vate in the C. S. Army; was a Democrat and a Presbyterian. Married: at Summerville, Mor gan county, July 21, 1856, Harriet Morton Gooch, daughter of Allen and Elizabeth (Mor ton) Gooch of Murfreesboro, Tenn. She died December, 1913. Children: 1. Louisa King, m. J. D. Raglan, Huntsville; 2. Kate, m. C. H. Hal- sey, Huntsville; 3. Theo, m. J. W. Tyler, Huntsville. Last residence: Huntsville. ACKLEA, JOSEPH A. S., lawyer. ACKLEN, JOSEPH ALEXANDER SMITH, lawyer, was born July 6, 1816, at Huntsville; and died September 11, 1863, at Angola Plan tation, West Feliciana Parish, La.; son of Samuel Black and Elizabeth (Hunt) Acklen; grandson of Capt. John Hunt, the founder of Huntsville. He was United States Attorney of Alabama under Presidents Van Buren, Tyler and Polk. He served with the rank of colonel in the Mexican War, 1846-1848, and was pro moted for personal bravery. He built the villa of "Belmont," near Nashville, Tenn., now Bel mont College, which is said to have been the finest private residence in the Southern States prior to the War of Secession. He became a cotton planter in West Feliciana Parish, La.; was owner of seven plantations on the Missis sippi River, and is said to have had 1,100 slaves. Married: May 9, 1849, at Nashville, Tenn,, Adelicia (Hayes) Franklin, born March 15, 1817, daughter of Rev. Oliver Bliss and Sarah Clemons (Hightower) Hayes, who lived at "Rokeby," near Nashville, Tenn., the former a descendant through his mother of the Rev. Charles Chauncey, second president of Harvard University, and a relative of the Eyre family in England, the latter maternally descended from the English family of Clements; granddaughter of Dr. Richard Hightower. Children: 1. Joseph Hayes (q. v.), lawyer, representative in con gress, m. Hattie Leonora Bethell; 2. William Hayes, lawyer, b. September 6, 1855, at Bel mont, Davidson County, Tenn.; educated at Neuilly, France, at Montgomery Bell Academy, Nashville, Tenn., and a graduate of the Law School of Vanderbilt University, Tenn.; author of "Sterope," "Sketches of Travel;" translator, from the French, of "Essays on Bancroft, Long fellow, Sidney Lanier," resides in Nashville, Tenn.; 3. Claude, b. July 25, 1857, educated at Norwood, Va., and at Southwestern Presby terian University, Clarkesville, Tenn.; 4. Paul ine, b. October 10, 1859. Last residence: An gola Plantation, West Feliciana Parish, La. ACKLEN, COL. JOSEPH HAYES, lawyer, representative in congress, was born May 20, 1850, Nashville, Tenn.; son of Joseph Alex ander Smith and Adelicia (Hayes) Acklen (q. v.); grandson of Samuel Black and Elizabeth (Hunt) Acklen, and of Oliver Bliss and Sarah Clemons (Hightower) Hayes; great grandson of Dr. Richard Hightower. He received his early schooling from private tutors, was grad uated in two foreign universities, from Bur lington College, and from Lebanon Law School, Tenn. He began the practice of law in 1871; was elected to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-eighth Congresses from Louisiana; was elected president of the Bar Association of Ten nessee, 1901-1902; became general insurance counsel for Tennessee; was appointed counsel. for the St. Louis & San Francisco railroad in Tennessee; became state game warden in the Department of Game, Fish and Forestry, for ten years; and was appointed chief warden of the United States, 1913. He was chairman of the Davidson County Democratic executive committee for eight years; was a member of the state executive committee; was general 8 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY counsel of the National Association of Game and Fish Commissioners of United States until 1912, when he was elected president. He is author of "Game, Fish and Forestry Laws for Tennessee" and numerous articles on ornithology, fish culture, forestry and field sports. Married: (1) July 11, 1871, at Mem phis, Tenn., Hattie Leonora Bethell, died at Columbia, Tenn., June, 1873, daughter of Pinckney Charles and Harriet Bethell; (2) January 30, 1890, Jeannette Tillotson, daughter of Richard M. Tillotson of New York. Chil dren, by first marriage: 1. d. in infancy; by second marriage: 2. Jeannette; 3. Joseph H., d.; 4. Catherine; 5. Pauline; 6. Hayes, d.; 7. Claudia, d.; 8. Richard M.; 9. Robert L. Resi dence: Acklen Park, Nashville, Tenn. ACKLEN, WILLIAM, lawyer, was born De cember, 1802, in Tazewell, Tenn.; and died May, 1872, at Madison; son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Hunt) Acklen, the former, at one time sheriff of Claiborne County, Tenn., who was born in Virginia, and died July 25, 1826, at Madison City, settled in Madison in 1808 with his fam ily; grandson of Capt. John Hunt, the founder of Huntsville. He was a brother of John R. H. Acklen, who died June 14, 1846, Madison City; of Sarah McGee, who died in Texas; of Palmyra J. Coleman, who died April, 1860, Madison City; of Joseph A. S. Acklen (q. v.) ; of John Acklen of Huntsville; and of Christopher Acklen, of Texas. They are descendants of the Acklens of Virginia, a branch of an old Devonshire family, who spelled the name, originally, "Aca- len," and now spell it "Acland." The cradle of the family is Ackland — Bolton, in Devonshire, and the founder was Hugh de Accalen. It was lately represented in England by Sir Thomas Dyke A. Bart, who died in 1875. The present head of the family is Sir C. Thomas Acland. William Acklen was graduated at Greenville College, Tenn.; read law under Ebenezer Titus in Huntsville, and was admitted to the bar in 1823. He was law partner at different times to Caswell R. Clifton, afterwards a circuit court judge in Mississippi, Joseph Acklen, and Smith D. Hale. He represented Madison in the house in 1826, and was four times returned; was elected solicitor in 1832 and held this position for twelve years; defeated Hon. William Flem ing for state senator in 1853 and served four years. Married: Louisa King, daughter of Ed mund King of Shelby. Children: 1. Theodore, (q. v.), lawyer, m. Harriet Morton Gooch; 2. A son, killed at Gaines' Mill. Last residence1 Madison. ACREE, WALTER UPSON, farmer and State senator, was born June 28, 1860, at Echo, Dale County; son of Thomas H. and Caroline (Dell) Acree. He was educated in the common schools of Dale County; graduated B. S., 1881, from Ag ricultural and mechanical college, Auburn; from 1881 to 1887 he taught school; was super intendent of education of Chilton County, 1885- 87; alderman of Newton, 1890-91; elected State senator from the twenty-third district, 1900, and again in 1902. He is a Democrat, and a Meth odist. Married: December 24, 1884, at Ver bena, Chilton County, to Jane R. Oliver. Resi dence: Newton. ACTON, JOHN, planter, lieutenant-colonel of militia, justice of the peace, and commissioner, was born August 21, 1803, on his father's plantation on Flat Creek, Buncombe County, N. C, died on his plantation on the Cahaba Riv er, in Shelby County, and is buried in the Acton cemetery; son, and fifth child, of Capt. John and Jane (Roberts) Acton, the former a native pf Virginia, who later removed to Wayne County, Ky., and in 1816 to Alabama territory, locating in Shelby, his sons having preceded him and where he and his wife, who was born on a ves sel crossing the Atlantic, are both buried; grandson of Captain James and Elizabeth (Mc- Craft) Acton, the former a representative of one of the first families of England, the latter a beautiful and gifted young woman of Scotch descent, who was kidnapped in the old country and brought to America to be sold, and was set free by Captain Acton, whom she later mar ried; brother of Rev. William Acton (q. v.). Capt. John Acton received the rudimentary edu cation of the pioneer country, and was a man of powerful physical and mental attainments. He taught school, having to prepare his own text books in manuscript form, as it was impossible to obtain them otherwise. His books, carefully written, were bound in sheep skin that had been tanned by his brother. Although the country was full of Indians, and he a mere youth he would ride on horseback a hundred miles, to a grist mill or to Tennessee, with his brother, Samuel, for corn when that staple food of the pioneer was exhausted. He was a planter, his father, brothers and himself owning adjacent lands of several thousand acres, on the Cahaba River. He built one of the first cotton gins ever erected in Shelby County; was a justice of the peace for more than forty years, and for many years a member of the commissioners court. From his eighteenth year, to his death, he held office, and such was the quality of his judgment that the people of the whole section sought his opinions on legal, political and agricultural mat ters. Owing to the state of society and the rest lessness of the Indians under the advances of civilization, every man was a militiaman, and Captain Acton was lieutenant-colonel of his reg iment, and served in tbe Seminole War. He was a Democrat; Presbyterian, and a Mason. He was a total abstainer from intoxicants, took a strong stand against intemperance, and helped to or ganize the Sons of Temperance in his county. He was also one of the organizers of the Farm er's Grange in Shelby County. Married: Decem ber 31, 1834, in Shelby County, to Martha Turn er, daughter of Mrs. Louvina Boothe, who lived near the Capt. Jack Cross place, Cahaba Valley, a native of Buncombe County, N. C. His wife died in 18.59, and he remained unmarried until his death at the age of eighty-six. Children: 1. Calvin H.; 2. Capt. Refus (or Rufus) McCraft; 3. Leonard M.; 4. John H.; 5. Virginia Ann; 6. Martha H.; 7. Lucy Louisa. Last residence: Shelby County. HON. WILLIAM H. SIMS DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 11 ACTON, WILLIAM, Presbyterian minister, and planter, was born April 14, 1805, on a large farm near Monticello, Wayne County, Ky., and died in Shelby County; son of Capt. John and Jane (Roberts) Acton; brother of Captain John Acton (q. v.). His chances for securing an edu cation were meagre, as he moved with his par ents from Kentucky where there were few schools, to Alabama where at that pioneer per iod there were none. However, he learned to read, write and make simple calculations. He was a farmer. During the years that he farmed he was also busy preaching the gospel. He was one of the first men in Alabama, probably the first in Jefferson or Shelby Counties, to mine coal. For a number of years he had teams haul ing coal to Montevallo, Tuscaloosa, and many other points. He never held civil or military office, though he was a life long Democrat. He was a Presbyterian minister and also a Mason. Married: On July 17, 1823, to Elizabeth, daugh ter of Needham and Susan (Bailey) Lee, the former came to East Tennessee from Virginia, about 1805, but soon removed to near Knox- ville; granddaughter of Thomas Lee, and of Thomas and Mary Bailey. Thomas Bailey was killed in the Revolutionary War. Children: 1. Sarah, m. John Y. Townley; 2. infant son, de ceased; 3. Susan Jane, m. (1) William A. Bailey, (2) Thomas N. Bailey, (3) Houston Bailey, three brothers, surviving all; 4. infant girl, deceased; 5. Mary Elizabeth, deceased; 6. John Vincent, m. (1) Elizabeth Watkins, (2) Ann Godden, (3) Margarette E. Wright, and by the three wives was the father of twenty-two children; 7. Zephaniah William Henry, m. Pas- sey Drucilla Watkins; 8. Zilpha, m. Stephen Horton, (or Wharton) Watkins; 9. James Gaines, m. Mary Ann Byars, about 1858, de ceased; 10. Rachel, m. Uriah Jordon Bailey. Last residence: Shelby County. ADAIR, JAMES, Author: "History of the North American Indians," 1775. ADAIR, WILLIAM IRVIN, lawyer, was born in Kentucky, and died in Madison County in 1835; son of William and Mary (Irvin) Adair; nephew of Gov. John Adair of Kentucky; and grandson of Baron William and Mary (Moore) Adair, the former a native of Scotland, who emigrated from Belfast, Ireland, in 1736, set tled in Chester County, S. C, and later re turned to Scotland. William Adair served in the War of 1812 as captain of the 17th Ken tucky infantry regiment; was transferred to the Third infantry regiment, 1815, and resigned in 1817. He removed to Alabama in 1818 farmed for a while but soon took up the study of law, and opened an office in Huntsville where he became a man of prominence. He repre sented Madison County in the legislature of 1822 and 1823, and for the latter session he was elected speaker. He was elected, Novem ber 1832, to the circuit court bench and held that office until his death three years later. Married: to Miss Jones, of Franklin County. Children: 1. Jones, m. and has a son, Irvin Adair, living at Warren, Ark.; 2. William Arthur, m. Octavia, daughter of J. S. Jones, of Vol. Ill— 2 Greenbrier, Limestone County, d. February 1857, several children, including W. A. Adair, of Marshall, Tex., and A. J. Adair, of Annis ton, Ala.; 3. Maria, m. Pinkney Brooks, of Baltimore and Washington, D. C, and left de scendants; 4. Kate, m. (1) Lieut. W. B. Cooke, U. S. Army, of Tuscumbia, and (2) Dr. W. H. Dial, of Marshall, Tex. Last residence: Madi son County. ADAMS, ALFRED NEWTON, physician, was born July 17, 1831, in East Alabama, and died December 13, 1901, at Dadeville. He was edu cated for a physician, and practiced his entire life in Dadeville. He was a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: in 1854, at Dadeville, to Mary J. Lamb. Children: 1. Mrs. George Ramer, Atlanta; 2. A. L., Dadeville; 3. Mrs. Julia Brown, Dadeville; 4. Mrs. John Murth, Frost, Texas. Last residence: Dadeville. ADAMS, BRYANT, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of Montgomery County, at date of granting pension; private, particular service not disclosed; enrolled on September 26, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $30; transferred to North Carolina, as appears from a letter of August 29, 1836. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. ADAMS, JAMES M., lawyer, came to Mar shall County about 1838, probably from East Tennessee. He was elected a member of the legislature from this county in 1840, 1849, and 1850. In 1851 he was elected solicitor of the Huntsville circuit, a position he continued to hold until his death, which occurred August 10, 1856, through a collision of steamers. He had an extensive practice in Marshall County. He was married and left two daughters: 1. Mrs. Calvin R. Capshaw; 2. Catherine, m. Jul ius Lindsay Burke (q. v.). Last residence: Marshall County. ADAMS, JOHN T., manufacturer and mer chant, was born May 25, 1833, in Winchester, Tenn.; son of John M. and Frances (McLaugh lin) Adams, of Scotland, who came to Canada, 1819, and to North Carolina 1821, in 1830 re moved to Winchester, Tenn., where the son was born and the father, a few weeks afterward, died of a rattlesnake bite, in November, 1833, the widowed mother removed with her chil dren to Talladega, where she lived and died. John T. Adams was forced to assist in the sup port of the family and had no opportunity for an education. He worked, saved money and finally educated himself. He engaged in the manufacture of wagons and carriages; served an apprenticeship in Montgomery two years and in Lowndes County two years, after which he returned to Talladega and established a per manent business. He engaged in merchandis ing, dealing in carriages and wagons, and farming. He served in the Confederate army as a member of Co. G, 31st Alabama infantry regiment, and rose to be captain of the com pany at the close of the war. For fifteen years 12 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY he was a member of the city council of Talla dega, and was president of the Talladega land improvement company. He was a Whig, but after 1865, a Democrat; a Mason; and a Meth odist. Married: June 7, 1855, in Talladega, to Charlotte, daughter of William and Rebecca Miller, formerly of Pendleton District, S. C, early settlers of Talladega County. Children: 1. William J.; 2. Laura A., m. W. R. Huey; 3. Junius O.; 4. Frances R., m. Dr. W. F. Slaugh ter; 5. Virgil L.; 6. Marvin R.; 7. Renna I.; 8. John T., jr. Residence: Talladega. ADAMS, JOSEPH A., editor and publisher, was born October 15, 1843, at Oak Bowery, Chambers County, and died February 4, 1887, at Ozark; son of William S. and Jane (Adams) Adams, the children of first cousins, the former a native of Dinwiddie County, Va., who later lived at Oak Bowery and Opelika, and at Columbus, Ga., and who was captain of Co. H, Sixth Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. The Adams family came from England. His great-grandfather was a soldier in the Rev olutionary Army, and his grandfather was a soldier in the Creek and Mexican Wars. He was educated at Oak Bowery, and Opelika; estab lished "The Southern Star" in 1867 at Newton, but two years later removed to Ozark, where the court house of Dale County had recently been located; was circuit court clerk, 1872 to 1884; and mayor of Ozark several terms. He en listed in Co. B, 45th Alabama infantry regi ment and served from the beginning to the close of the war. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: October 24, 1867, at Newton, to Annie Laurie, daughter of West Harris and Sophia Kirksey, who had re moved from North Carolina to Randolph County,' Ga., and thence to Dale County, and was a cotton manufacturer. Children: 1. Wil liam Robert; 2. Joseph Harris, dec. (q. v.), m. Eura Edwards; 3. Jesse Clayton, m. Eliza beth McCoy, resides in Montgomery, and was at one time chief clerk in the office of the com missioner of agriculture and industries; 4. Annie Laura; 5. Georgia Estelle, m. Frank S. Howell; 6. John Quincy, proprietor and editor of the "Ozark Star" on the death of his brother Joseph H., and assistant clerk of the house of representatives for several terms, m. Vi vian Brantley; 7. Samuel Grady, deceased. Last residence: Ozark. ADAMS, JOSEPH HARRIS, editor and busi ness man, was born April 12, 1870, at Newton, Dale County, and died February 2, 1918, at Ozark; son of Joseph A. Adams (q. v.). He attended school at Ozark; succeeded his father as editor of the "Ozark Star" in 1887; con tinued in the newspaper field until his death; and was also actively interested in a commer cial firm of fertilizer dealers. He was a Demo crat and served on committees of the party; was a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: Oc tober 11, 1891, near Ozark, to Eura, daughter of Judge C. A. B. and Martha Edwards of that place. Children: 1. Bessie; 2. Charles H; 3. Kirk; 4. Roger; 5. Annie Martha. Last resi dence: Ozark. ADAMS, SAM, planter and merchant, was born April 17, 1834, at Chester, S. C, and died March 3, 1880, at Clanton; son of James and Mary (Giles) Adams, also of Chester. He was educated by William Lewis, who conducted a preparatory school in Talladega; in early life was a planter near Wetumpka; served in the War of Secession; was a traveling salesman with his residence in Tuscaloosa; and in 1873 located at Clanton, where he engaged in farm ing and in the mercantile business. He was one of the earliest residents of that town. He was a Democrat; a Presbyterian; and a Mason. Married: (1) in 1857, at Wetumpka, to Mattie Eliza Weatherall, whose mother was Isabel Saxon, of Laurens District, S. C; and (2) in 1870, at Florence, to Ann, daughter of Rev. Dr. William H. and Anna (Byrne) Mitchell. Children, by first wife: 1. Horace Crittenden; 2. Sallie, m. Dr. W. E. Stewart, of Clanton; 3. Essie, m. Charles J. Duncan, of Nashville, Tenn.; 4. Amelia Estelle; by the second wife: 5. William, lawyer, a student of the University of Alabama, 1890-93, m. Annie W. Dennis, of Clanton; 6. Anna Byrne, a student at the Uni versity of Alabama, 1893-95, resides in Birming ham; 7. Samuel, graduate of the University of Alabama, A. B., 1896, taught in Birming ham, and now representative of Charles Scrib- ner's Sons, with headquarters in Atlanta, Ga.; 8. David Bell, University of Alabama, A. B., 1897. Last residence: Clanton. ADAMS, SAMUEL, lawyer and colonel, C. S. Army, was born, March 5, 1829, near Abbeville, S. C, and died July 21, 1864, at Atlanta, Ga. No ancestral data is available other than that his maternal grandfather, a Mr. Vann of Abbeville County was a Revolutionary soldier, who at the age of eighty cheered the Abbeville com pany as it was leaving for the Mexican War in 1847, and who expressed keen regret that he could not enroll for service. Col. Adams re ceived his early education in the schools of his native county; was graduated from the South Carolina college in 1850; and removed to Greenville, where he taught two years as prin cipal of the male and female academy. He read law under John K. Henry, and was ad mitted to the bar in Montgomery, 1852; first practiced his profession in Conecuh County, associated with a relative, James A. Stallworth, but in 1854 returned to Greenville, where soon afterwards he formed a law partnership with his brother-in-law, Hilary A. Herbert. He was twice chosen as a Whig to the house of rep resentatives first in 1857, and again in 1859. In 1861 he enlisted in the C. S. Army, and was elected 2nd lieutenant of the "Jefferson Davis Rangers," Ninth Alabama infantry regiment, Army of Northern Virginia. In February 1862 he came home to recruit his company, and while there he was chosen colonel of the 33rd Alabama infantry regiment. He was wounded in the foot at Perryville while }n command of a brigade; led his regiment from Murfrees boro to Atlanta; was fatally wounded by a sharpshooter at Kennesaw Mountain, July 21, 1864. He sustained an unimpeachable record as a brave and trustworthy officer, and at time DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 13 of his death had been recommended for pro motion by both Generals Hardee and Cleburne. He was an Episcopalian. Married: in Green ville, to Dora Eliza, daughter of Thomas E. and Dorothy (Young) Herbert, and sister of Col. Hilary A. Herbert (q. v.). No children. Last residence: Greenville. ADAMS, SAMUEL MERNARY, Baptist min ister, was born at Summerfield, Dallas County, December 10, ; son of Alford A. and Eliza beth (McGough) Adams; grandson of Samuel M. and Elizabeth Adams, the former coming when a small boy from South Carolina to Alabama, and of James McGough, of Irish descent, and who, after some years in Alabama removed to Arkansas. Alford Adams enlisted in 1863 in Capt. M. M. Burks' Co. F, Eighth Alabama cav alry regiment, C. S. Army, and died in 1864. Rev. Mr. Adams had very limited educational advantages, attending the country schools and only a few weeks at Howard college. He en tered upon the ministry in the Missionary Bap tist church, by ordination in March 1881, preaching continuously and serving churches in Autauga, Bibb, Chilton, Dallas, Perry and Shelby Counties; was a representative from Bibb County in the legislature 1888-89 as a Democrat; removed to Chilton and elected pro bate judge of that county, August 1891, serving six years; joined in the organization of the Populist party, and became one of its leaders, 1890; was president Alabama State alliance, 1887-93; and a Mason. Married: December 24, 1873, at Montevallo, to Martha J., daughter of Elisha Whatley, and wife Epsa M., and grand daughter of Rev. Enoch Hays. Children: 1. John B. deceased; 2. and 3. daughters, de ceased; 4. E. H. Adams, Thorsby. Residence: Clanton. ADAMS, S. R.. Baptist minister, was born June 18, 1849, near Dalton, Ga.; son "of parents who were members of the Swamp Creek church, near Dalton. His school opportunities were poor; as he increased in age, he overcame his disadvantages by hard study, and became a pro found student, especially of the Bible. He united with the Baptists in 1865; removed to Alabama; joined the Pleasant Hill church; and was ordained a minister in that church, August, 1875. In 1876 he was called to New Friendship church, Morgan County, and was pastor of other churches in that county, to 1880; mission ary until 1884; he was pastor of the following churches: Enon, Mt. Pisgah Danville, Hope well, Blue Springs, Mt. Nebo, Town Creek, War rior, Trusville Dolomites, Pratt Mines; he located permanently, in charge of Woodlawn. Married: March 22, 1870, to Nannie C. Mitchell. Residence: Woodlawn. ADAMS, THOMAS, farmer, merchant, and member of the constitutional convention, 1867, was born in Edgefield District, S. C; spent his youth in South Carolina where he received a limited education, removed to Coweta County, Ga., where he resided for eleven years; lo cated in Randolph County, about 1850, and after three years removed to Talladega County, and in 1865 to Clay County; was reared a farmer which occupation he followed all his life; in 1839 he became a merchant at Line- ville, and served as lieutenant of militia. He was a Whig in 1860, supported Bell and Ever ett; was violently opposed to secession; antag onized the Confederate government; elected to the Constitutional convention In 1867 from the 28th election district, which included Clay County and in that body joined the extreme reconstructionists. Married: name of wife not ascertained. Last residence: Lineville. ADAMS, WILLIAM YANCEY, teacher, was born February 4, 1848, at Gum Springs, Blount County; son of Barclay M. and Martha (Mus- grove) Adams, the former born in Edgefield, S. C, came to Blount County, in 1846, served in 1st Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of Jack and Elizabeth (Nicholson) Adams, of Edgefield, S. C, and of William Henry and Sallie (Fowler) Musgrove, the former a native of Georgia, served several times in that state's legislature, was a colonel in the Creek war, captain Co. C, 29th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army, was a Baptist minister and died at Mobile; great-grandson of Rev. John Fowler, a cousin of William L. Yan cey. Mr. Adams was educated in the common schools of Blount County; at Blountsville high school; Ruhama high school, East Lake; and graduated A. B. Howard college. He has taught schools at Hanceville, Walnut Grove college, Blountsville, and rural schools, beginning in 1866-67 and covering a period of fifty-two suc cessive years; served two years as superintend ent of education of Blount County. He repre sented Blount County in the legislature, 1919. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; Mason; and Odd Fellow. Married: (1) ; (2) in 1884 to Mary E., daughter of Job and Lydia Penny of Piedmont. Children: by first wife; 1. Noah Elbert, m. Arah Kiker; 2. William Arthur, m. Oria Pogue; 3. Elmer Thornton; 4. Lillie, m. Perry Clayton; by second wife; 5. Millard God frey; 6. Ruby, m. Dr. J. W. Morris, deceased; 7. Martha Pearl; 8. Beuna Opal; 9. Yancey Hawthorne, served in France with the A. E. F.; 10. Joe Hobson; 11. Ruth Garnet; 12. Mary Blanche; 13. Imogene. Residence: Garden City. ADERHOLT, DAVID A., real estate dealer, was born in Lincolnton, Lincoln County, N. C, November 25, 1842; son of Frederick and Anna (Baker) Aderholt, the former a native of North Carolina, of German ancestry, and a farmer, who removed to Alabama. Mr. Ader holt was educated in St. Clair County, and enlisted in 1861 as a private in Co. H, 58th Alabama infantry regiment and was succes sively promoted to the captaincy of his com pany. From 1866 to 1870 he engaged in a general mercantile business, since which time he has been a real estate dealer; was mayor of Springville, 1878-85; member of the legis lature, 1882-83; president of the Springville school board, six years; member of the town council, for three years; trustee of the State 14 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY normal school, Jacksonville, 1883 to 1891. He is a Democrat; a Mason; and a Presbyterian. Married: in 1870, to Amanda Hester Cowden, of Blount County. Children: 1. Ula, m. Charles Crandall; 2. Ada; 3. Jennie, m. Frederick Fletcher; 4. Jessie; 5. Charles. Residence: Springville. ADERHOLD, JACOB W., lieutenant-colonel, 1st Confederate infantry, C. S. Army. ADLER, J. C., merchant, founder of one of the leading business houses of Selma. ADLER, LOUIS J., merchant, was born June 24, 1856, in Milwaukee, Wis.; son of Jacob and Betty (Eckstein) Adler, natives of Austria, the former of whom came to the United States in 1844, settling at Milwaukee, where he organized the Adler clothing co., in 1857 removed with his family to New York City, where he became president of the Stonewall oil co., the first cot ton seed oil company of the city, and where he died in 1872. Louis J. Adler was educated in the Chartier institute of N. Y., and at the Uni versity of Vienna; spent three and a half years on the continent of Europe in school and travel, visiting Egypt as well as various parts of Europe. In 1873 he returned to the United States and in the same year went to Union- town, where ne was bookkeeper in Ernest bros. bank until 1881; for one year clerked in a mer cantile house of J. H. White & co., at Union- town; 1883 to 1891 was in business for himself as a merchant at Uniontown; became a travel ing salesman for Marks, Rothenberg & co., wholesale dry goods merchants and notion deal ers of Meridian, Miss. He has been town coun selor and city tax assessor of Uniontown. He is a Democrat; Mason; Knight of Pythias; American Legion of Honor; Ancient Order of United Workmen; Independent Order of B'nai B'rith, and Knight of Honor. In 1890 he was elected grand keeper of records and seal of the Grand Lodge, Knights of Pythias of Alabama, which office he held until 1897. Married: in 1883, to Belle Strauss, of Cincinnati, Ohio. Children: two sons. Residence: Selma. ADLER, MORRIS, coal mine operator, was born April 4, 1855, at Jonesboro, Washington County, Tenn.; son of Jacob and Sophie (Kahn) Adler; grandson of Meyer and Caroline (Rosengart) Adler, of Buttenhansen Village, Wurtemberg, Germany, and of Moses and Clara Kahn, of Altenstadt Village, Bavaria. He was educated in the common schools of Jonesboro; located in Birmingham; has engaged in vari ous business enterprises, and with his brother, is the owner and operator of the Corona coal mines, and the Townley coal mines. He is a Democrat. Married: December 23, 1884, at Bal timore, Md., to Mary, daughter of Sleon and Theresa Hartman. Children: 1. Leon M.; 2. Julian E. Residence: Birmingham. ADLER, MOSES, merchant, was born in 1821, at Henchelheim, Germany. He emigrated to New Orleans in 1850, engaged in merchandis ing; afterwards carried on business at Biloxi, Miss., Port Hudson, La., New Iberia, La., Vera Cruz, Mexico, returned to New Orleans where he remained until 1868, when he removed to Selma where he became a well known mer chant. AGEE, ALFRED PELHAM, lawyer, was born August 6, 1862, at Claiborne, Monroe County; son of Noah Alfred and Annie Caroline (Hun- ley) Agee, of Selma, the former represented Monroe County in the legislature, 1853-54, and was State senator from Monroe, Escambia and Baldwin Counties, 1857-58; and under the nom de plume of Senex, wrote for the "Montgom ery Advertiser" a series of letters from 1900 to 1912, descriptive of early times in Alabama; grandson of William Raiford and Winnie (Hill) Agee, who lived at Claiborne, and of Ransom Gayle and Caroline (Forney) Hunley, who lived near Hayneville, Lowndes County; great- grandson of Noah Agee, who in 1810 migrated from Anson County, N. C, to Clarke County, and of Gen. Peter Forney, of Revolutionary fame in North Carolina. Through the Forneys Mr. Agee is related to the Forney, Johnston, Webb, and other Alabama families. The Agees were French Huguenots, early seated in Rock ingham County, Va., whence members of the family migrated to North Carolina. Alfred Pelham Agee's early education was received in schools at Claiborne and the boy's school at Talladega; graduated from the United States naval academy in 1883, and his final gradua tion took place after two years' service in for eign waters, in 1885. In 1887, he graduated from the University of Alabama, receiving the degree of LL.B.; practiced law in Montgomery, and in 1888 moved to Anniston, in which city he has continued to practice; was city attorney of Anniston, 1888-90 and 1906-08; solicitor city court of Anniston 1893-97, and president of the city council, 1910-12. He was cadet midship man in the United States navy, 1879-85, second lieutenant, "Montgomery True Blues," 1887-8, and captain of Co. E, Second regiment, Alabama State troops, 1888-91. He is a Democrat; and an Episcopalian. Married: April 6, 1899, at Montgomery, to Ellie, daughter of John W. and Mary (Sommerville) Shepherd, the former a graduate of Yale university, who removed from Huntsville, to Montgomery, was reporter for the supreme court, and author of Shepherd's Alabama Digest. Children: 1. Caroline Hun ley; 2. Ellen Douglas. Residence: Anniston. AGNEW, A. W., physician, was born Sep tember 17, 1824, in Abbeville County, S. C; son of Andrew and Anna (Cowan) Agnew, na tives of South Carolina, who came to Alabama in 1836, and were among the pioneer farmers of Pickens County; grandson of Isaac and Anna Cowan, also of South Carolina. Dr. Agnew was educated at Liberty academy; attended the Transylvania medical college, Lexington, Ky., where he graduated in 1844; at once located in Pickens County, and began the practice of medi cine; there he remained for thirty-eight years; in 1883 removed to Fayette Court House, where he continued the practice of his profession. He was for some years surgeon for the old Georgia Pacific railroad. He was a Mason; Odd Fel low; and a Methodist. Married: (1) in 1850, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 15 to Amanda S., daughter of James I. Burdine, of Pickens County; (2) in 1871, to Mrs. M. R. Beckwith, of Mississippi. Children: by first wife: 1. James A.; 2. Lilly J.; 3. Louis A. Last residence: Fayette Court House. AGNEW, GEORGE, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of Lauderdale County; private in cavalry, particular serv ice not disclosed; enrolled on September 29, 1836, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $25. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. AIKEN, JAMES, lawyer and judge, colonel 13th Alabama infantry, C. S. Army, was born August 8, 1882, in Fairfield District, S. C, and died at Gadsden, June 22, 1908; son of William and Elizabeth (Stitt) Aiken, both of Scotch- Irish descent, the former was born about 1800, came with his parents from County Antrim, Ireland, to South Carolina, locating in Fair field District. The Stitt family came from Ire land also, and were farmers in South Carolina. James Aiken was reared on a farm and edu cated in the common schools of Fairfield Dis trict, and at the South Carolina military acad emy, Charleston, where he graduated in 1851. After graduation he taught for one year in his alma mater, and in 1854 removed to Ran dolph County, where he taught school until 1856. In the meantime he read law and was admitted to the bar; practiced in Randolph and adjacent counties; and removed to Gads den in 1869 where he practiced his profession until his death. He was a member of the legislature of 1861; of the constitutional con vention of 1875; appointed judge of the ninth judicial circuit in 1885 by Gov. E. A. O'Neal; and appointed special judge of the circuit court of Marshall County, October 7, 1902. He en tered the War of Secession as captain of Co. D, 13th Alabama infantry regiment, in 1861; promoted major, 1862; lieutenant colonel in January, 1863; and colonel in 1864, serving as such until he was captured and taken as a prisoner to Johnson's Island, Lake Erie, where he remained until the end of the war. He was a Democrat and a Presbyterian. Married: Jan uary 25, 1877, at Weavers, to Mrs. Lou N. (Weaver) McClelland, daughter of Linsey and Lucinda (Pace) Weaver, of Weavers, Calhoun County, the latter a granddaughter of Rev. Richard Pace, a Baptist minister of North Caro lina. Children: 1. Lucy Alice, m. R. C. Comer, of Enterprise; 2. James, jr., d. young; 3. Robert Stitt, Gadsden; 4. Annie Elizabeth, Gadsden. Last residence: Gadsden. AIKIN, JOHN GASTON, lawyer, was born November 29, 1803, in South Carolina, and died November 29, 1865, at Stockton, Baldwin County; son of Robert and Esther (Gaston) Aikin, who lived in South Carolina and later at Tuscaloosa, the former of Scotch and Puri tan stock, and a manufacturer of cotton gins. His wife, Esther, was a descendant of Hugue not ancestry. He received his preparatory edu cation in Tuscaloosa; and graduated at Yale college. He received his legal training at the latter institution also, and entered upon the practice at the age of twenty-one. In 1832 he was residing in Tuscaloosa; afterwards practiced law in Mobile some years; and later located at Stockton where he spent the re mainder of his life. He had large land hold ings, and many slaves. He saw service In the Mexican War. He was a man of fine physique, six feet four inches in height and weighed two hundred forty pounds. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. In 1833 he com piled the second "Digest of the Laws of Ala bama," and in 1836 it was reprinted with a supplement. In 1865 his home was burned by the federal soldiers. Married: in Mobile, Clarissa Amanda, daughter of Joshua and Susan (Kitchen) Kennedy, Sr., of that city, one of the largest land owners of Mobile and Baldwin Counties, granddaughter of William Mansfield Kennedy, a native of Scotland, and of royal connections, banished to America because of political conditions, and of Samuel and Mary (Smith) Kitchen, the father of German descent, and the mother of Welsh stock. The father of the latter was John Smith, an officer in the Revolutionary War. Children: 1. Alma, resides at Stockton; 2. Leila, deceased; 3. Norma, re sides at Stockton; 4. Clara, d. in infancy; 5. Adelaide Augusta, deceased; 6. William Gaston, a physician, graduate of the medical depart ment, University of Alabama, m. Katie May Brooks, of Century, Fla.; 7. John Gaston, gradu ated as captain, New York nautical school, 1882, licensed chief mate, ocean steamer, 1890, chief mate and captain sea vessels 15 years, inventor of various mechanical and nautical machines and instruments, m. Irma Belt, of Baldwin County, and has four children: John Gaston, Wm. Kennedy, Clara Alma, and Evelyn Esther Aikin. Last residence: Stockton. AIREY, J. B., Methodist minister; member of the Alabama conference. Residence: We tumpka. AKERS, MEREDITH THOMPSON, farmer, was born March 9, 1831, at Redeville, Ruther ford County, Tenn.; son of Meredith and Nancy Jane (Thompson) Akers, the former a native of Crab Orchard, Va.; grandson of Claiborne Akers, and of Meredith and Elizabeth Thomp son. He received a common school education; and has always been a farmer. In 1868 he entered upon the duties of sheriff, tax assessor, and tax collector, of Marion County, in which he served for six years. He was a member of the constitutional convention of 1875, from Marion County; and represented this county in the legislature of 1878-79. He is a Mason; Methodist; and a Democrat. Married: July 21, 1853, to Patience D., daughter of Elijah C. and Keziah Green, of Goldmine. Children: seven boys and seven girls. Residence: Guin. AKIN, JOHN W., Methodist minister; mem ber of the North Alabama- conference. Resi dence: Boyles. ALBRIGHT, JACOB AMOS, teacher, was born August 27, 1843, at Plains of Dura, Sumter County, Ga.; son of Oswell and Sara (Wheel- ess) Albright, the former a merchant and 16 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY blacksmith, removing in 1846 to Alabama; grandson of Jacob Albright and wife, a Miss Dixon, of North Carolina, and of Amos Wheel ers, a native of middle Georgia. Mr. Albright is of German and English descent. He was educated in the schools of Wacoachee Valley; was a teacher for over forty years; superin tendent of education of Lee County, 1909-1917; and elected to the house of representatives of 1919' from Lee County. He served as a non commissioned officer in Co. C, 2nd Georgia infantry regiment, C. S. A. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; and an Odd Fellow. Mar ried: (1) Frances E., daughter of John F. and Susan (Florence) Williams; (2) Mrs. Leila Whitaker, daughter of William and (Ross) Trimble, both families came to Alabama from Georgia. Children, by first wife: 1. John O., m. Jessie Middleton, Mobile; 2. E. A., deceased, m. Ada Sherrod; 3. Dessa, m. E. B. Smith; 4. J. J., m. Fannie Monk; 5. Kate, m. Robert C. Patterson; 6. Bird, m. T. Hicks Foot; no chil dren by second wife. Residence: Opelika. ALBRIGHT, JAMES S., librarian, Alabama supreme court library, 1856-1860. ALBRIGHT, ORANGE, farmer, was born August 15, 1822, at Danielsville, Madison County, Ga.; son of Jacob and Polly (Dixon) Albright, of Georgia, the former a native of Orange County, N. C, but whose life was largely spent in Madison County, Ga., and who was by vocation a gunsmith and blacksmith; grandson of Phillip Albright and William Dixon, the former a native of North Carolina and the latter a resident of Franklin and Habersham Counties, Ga. Orange Albright is believed to be in direct line from Hendrick Albricht, who came to America about 1740, and settled near the present city of Albany, N. Y. He was educated in the common schools of his county, and filled position as overseer on different plantations before the war; later became a farmer and blacksmith, locating in Tuscaloosa in 1842. He enlisted in 1863, and served as sergeant in "Hurt's Battery," C. S. Army and surrendered at Petersburg, Va., in 1865. Returning from the war, he returned te the farm and forge. He is a Democrat; and a Missionary Baptist. Married: July, 1845, to Louise Minerva, daughter of Wiley and Sarah (Harbor) Skelton, at the home of her parents near Tuscaloosa. Children: 1. Marion Dodson, ra. Almeda Smith, Cuero, Tex.; 2. Sarah Pris- cilla, m. Luther J. Thompson, Farill; 3. James Lewis, m. Mary Hamner, Duncanville; 4. Jose phine, d. in infancy; 5. Harriet Augusta, m. John M. Smith, Duncanville; 6. Newton Thomas, m. Martha C. Brown, Tuscaloosa; 7. Alexander Vandiver, m. Abbie B. Hamner, Tuscaloosa; 8. Charles Wilbur n, d. in infancy. Residence: Tuscaloosa. ALDRICH, TRUMAN HEMINWAY, mining engineer, was born at Palmyra, Wayne County, N. Y., October 17, 1848; son of William Far- rington and Louisa Eugenia (Klapp) Aldrich; grandson of Charles and Olive (Farrington) Aldrich of Menden, Mass., later of Palmyra, N. y., and of John and Maria (Barker) Klapp of La Grange, Dutchess County, N. Y.; great- grandson of Samuel Augustus Barker, an ad jutant-general in the Revolutionary Army, an aide-de-camp to Gen. Lafayette, a graduate of Yale and a member of the State senate of New York. The Klapps were Dutch people, John, his grandfather being raised by his guardian Stephen Van Rensselaer; was a sol dier in the War of 1812, and later a member of the State senate of New York. William F. Aldrich was a lawyer, moving to New York city in 1865, where he was later county so licitor, State bank examiner and founder and first secretary of the Union Trust company of New York. Truman H. was educated in the public schools of Palmyra and graduated from the West Chester Pennsylvania military insti tute. He took his degree of M. E. at the Rensselaer polytechnic institute at Troy in 1869. He began the practice of his pro fession in New York, but after two years here and in New Jersey, he removed to Selma. He engaged in the banking business and after two years gave this up to take up coal mining, operating successfully for many years, the Montevallo, Pratt and several other mines. In 1892, he became vice-president and general manager of the Tennessee coal, iron and rail road company. He has long been interested in geology and conchology and Ijas generously contributed to the museum of the State geo logical survey, the collection of shells alone comprising more than four thousand speci mens. His contributions to the literature on scientific subjects have been many and have covered a wide field. He is a Republican and was nominated for the 54th congress from the 9th district by his party, being endorsed by the Populist party. The election was given to Hon. Oscar Underwood but after a contest he was seated two days before the close of the first session of the congress. He served from June 9, 1896, to March 3, 1897. He was appointed postmaster of Birmingham by Presi dent Taft and confirmed on December 11, 1911, serving until December, 1915. He is an Episco palian. He was married to Anna, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Ogden) Morrison, of New ark, N. J. Children: 1. Georgia M., m. J. W. Herron, Jr., 3 children; 2. Truman Herbert, m. Louisa Bannister. 1 child; 3. Maria A. Residence: Birmingham. ALDRICH, WILLIAM FARRINGTON, con gressman and miner, born at Palmyra, N. Y., March 11, 1853, son of William F. and Louisa (Klapp) Aldrich, and brother of Truman H. Aldrich (q. v.). He was educated in the pub lic schools of Palmyra and graduated in civil engineering at Warren's military academy, Poughkeepsie, N. Y., in 1873. He moved to Alabama in 1874 and later founded the town of Aldrich in Shelby County, he having en gaged in mining on his arrival in this State. He is a Republican and had the endorsement of both his own party and that of the Populist in 1894. His Democratic opponent, Hon. Gas ton A. Robbins, was given the certificate of election but after a contest he was seated on March 13, 1896, and served until the close of the 54th congress on March 3, 1897. He sue- HON. THOMAS H. WATTS DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 19 cessfully contested the election of Thomas S. Plowman to the 55th congress, being seated on February 9, 1898, and again contested the elec tion of his former opponent Gaston A. Rob- bins to the 56th congress, being seated on March 8, 1900. He served until March 3, 1901. He was owner and publisher of the "Birm ingham Times" for many years. He is a Knight Templar and a 32nd degree Scottish Rite Mason. Married: on April 16, 1889, to Josephine Cables, of Rochester, N. Y. Resi dence: Birmingham. ALDRIDGE, ENOCH, major, 48th Alabama infantry, C. S. Army. ALDRIDGE, JESSE J., lieutenant-colonel, 48th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. ALECK, CAPTAIN, Creek Chief. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. ALEXANDER, ABRAM FRANKLIN, physi cian, was born April 1, 1802, at Charlotte, N. C, and died at Eutaw, April 11, 1866; son of Nathaniel and Jane (Harris) Alexander; grandson of Abraham and Dorcas (Wilson) Alexander, the former of whom came from Scotland about the time of the Revolution, settled near Charlotte, and was president of the Mecklenburg convention, of May 1775, and of Dr. Robert and Mary (Wilson) Harris, of Scotch descent. Dr. Abram F. Alexander was educated at Princeton university; moved about 1835, from Charlotte, N. C, to Eutaw, where he practiced medicine until his death. He was surgeon in a Confederate hospital at Rich mond, Va., from July, 1861, and served there until his health failed. He was a Presbyterian. Married: (1) Caroline Elizabeth Chapman, of Cheraw, S. C; (2) Kate Stokes; (3) Mrs. Hen rietta (Bechley) Adams. Children, by first wife: 1. Jane Eleanor, m. John F. Clark; 2. Mary Emonica, m. Thomas H. Henderson; 3. Charles, d. young; 4. Elizabeth, m. Dr. Henry Young Webb; by second wife: 5. Kathrine, un married; by third wife: 6. Maria, m. J. K. Mayers. Last residence: Eutaw. ALEXANDER, ASA, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Dale County; private Georgia Militia; enrolled on June 17, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $200. — Revolutionary Pen sion Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. ALEXANDER, soldier of the American Revolution, but particular service not disclosed; aged 98, and a resident of Mo bile County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensions, 1841, p. 149. ALEXANDER, CHARLES, lawyer, was born June 5, 1862, near Prattville, Autauga County; son of John Loftin and Martha Anne Rebecca (Hill) Alexander, the former born at Hayne ville, Lowndes County, lived at Prattville, was a member of Co. K, 1st Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army; grandson of Peyton Smith and Mary P. (Minter) Alexander, who lived at Hayneville, and of Abner and Mary Spencer (Pegues) Hill, of near Prattville, the former a native of North Carolina, the latter born in Cheraw, S. C, her ancestors being Huguenots who settled in South Carolina early in the eighteenth century; great-grandson of Edmund Alexander, who came from Petersburg, Va., to Georgia and thence to Alabama, settled near Hayneville; and great-great-grandson of Wil liam Pegues, lieutenant in the command of Gen. Francis Marion, in the American Revolu tion. Charles Alexander received his early education in Prattville academy, and his col legiate education in Cornell university, Ithaca, N. Y. In 1885 he was admitted to the bar; was deputy collector for the district of Ala bama, 1889-1903; in 1904 appointed as U. S. commissioner at Attalla, and this position he has held for ten years. He is a Progressive Republican; in 1890 was the Republican nomi nee for attorney general of Alabama; was a delegate to the National Republican convention of 1896 and 1900 and to the Progressive na tional convention of 1912. He is an Odd Fel low; Knight of Pythias; and an Elk. Married: June 7, 1903, at Attalla, to Helen Mortimer, daughter of Robert Henry and Emelyn John son (Bray) Freman, of Attalla, the former a descendant of Robert Freman, one of the eight een Englishmen who, in 1645, under Dutch authority, founded Flushing, Long Island, and great-granddaughter of Gen. Daniel Bray, who collected the boats in which Gen. Washington and his army, on the night of their attack on Trenton, crossed the Delaware River. Resi dence: Prattville. ALEXANDER, G. L., Confederate soldier, probably a native of Alabama, and at the time of entrance into the C. S. Army a resident of Jackson County. He enlisted in Snodgrass's 16th infantry battalion, which was consolidated with Norwood's Sixth infantry battalion to form the 55th Alabama infantry regiment, of which he was appointed major, March 8, 1862. He was killed in an engagement at Baton Rouge, La., August 5, 1862. He is said to have been a fearless and gallant officer. Last residence: Jackson County. ALEXANDER, JEREMIAH, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 113 (apparently an error for 71), and a resident of Morgan County; private Massachusetts Militia, State Troops; enrolled on September 17, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $33.33; sums received to date of publication of list, $83.32. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He re sided in Walker County, June 1, 1840, aged 76. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 150. ALEXANDER, J. BELL, Author: "Malice: A Tale of Real Life in the South," 1862. Resi dence: Mobile. ALEXANDER, J. L., member constitutional convention, 1867, representing the twentieth election district. Residence: Autauga County. 20 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ALEXANDER, JOHN DAVIDSON, planter, was born September 15, 1829, in Mecklenburg County, N. C, and died February 24, 1901, at Faunsdale; son of Joseph McKnitt and Nancy Agnes (Cathey) Alexander, the former born February 3, 1793, in Mecklenburg County, N. C, who died March 13, 1865, in Marengo County, the latter a native of Mecklenburg County, born January 5, 1800, and died No vember 20, 1855; grandson of William Bain and Violet (Davidson) Alexander, and of Capt. John Archer and Agnes (Caldwell) Cathey; great-grandson of John McKnitt and Jane (Bain) Alexander, the former of whom, with his brother Hezekiah Alexander, and four others of the same name, was a signer of the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence at Charlotte, N. C, May 20, 1875, and of James Alexander and Margaret McKnitt. The Alex ander family tree contains more than eight hundred names, and has three crowns upon it. The family in this country has been traced back to Cecil County, Md. Mr. Alexander was related through blood and marriage to the Dav idsons, the Wilsons, the Sharps, the Prices, the Hendersons and the Moores. J. G. M. Ramsey, a cousin, was historian of Tennessee. John Sharp Williams, senator from Mississippi, and Gen. Sterling Price, of the C. S. Army, were connected with the Alexander family. Mr. Alexander moved from Mecklenburg County, N. O, with his parents, to Alabama, and settled in Marengo County. He became a planter and lived there for the remainder of his life. Married: (1) at McKinley, Rebecca Law- son Cathey, born January 2, 1836, and died January 21, 1894, the only daughter of Andrew and Elizabeth Anne (Miller) Cathey, of Mc Kinley; (2) Livie Margaret Houston, daughter of Frank and Margaret (Woods) Houston, of Bibb County. Children, by first marriage; 1. Millard Lesueur, b. February 11, 1854, died No vember 26, 1887, in Faunsdale, m. Clara L. Eaton, d. November 11, 1887, left three chil dren; 2. Andrew Clinton, b. August 3, 1855, d. October 25, 1856; 3. Florence Epher, b. April 10, 1857, d. November 7, 1880, in Faunsdale, m. John F. Watkins; 4. John Davidson, jr., b. January 19, 1859, d. September 22, 1894; 5. William Lee, b. December 25, 1860, d. August 18, 1883, in Faunsdale; 6. Susan Elizabeth, b. December 4, 1862, d. March 19, 1864; 7. Mary Gray, b. October 26, 1864, d. November 16, 1892, in Faunsdale, m. J. T. McDonald; 8. Joseph McKnitt, b. August 29, 1866, m. Edna Earl Donovan, resides at Alexandria, La.; 9. Olive Rebecca, b. February 24, 1868, m. W. C. Mc- Knight, resides at Faunsdale; 10. Ira Caldwell, b. October 13, 1869, d. November 17, 1890, m. Gaston Alexander Robins; 11. James Franklin, b. February 27, 1872, m. Gertrude Blackburn, resides at Ashland; 12. Roy Cathey, b. Novem ber 23, 1873, d. September 23, 1915, m. Laura Maude Donovan: by second marriage; 13. Hous ton Davidson, b. June 6, 1897. Last residence: Faunsdale. ALEXANDER, OLIN M., broker, was born in Millville, Mo., February 8, 1868; son of Rev. Samuel and Isabelle (Rooker) Alexander, natives of Tennessee and Missouri, the former a Methodist minister who died at Marion, Va.; grandson of John Alexander and wife, who was a Miss Wood, who lived in Tennessee and Mis souri and later in Virginia; great-great-grand son of William and Sarah Bruce (Casson) Alexander, and great-great-great-grandson of Robert and Ann (Fouke) Alexander. The fam ily is of Scotch ancestry. John Wood, Quaker maternal grandfather of the wife of John Alex ander, came from London to the colonies in 1635, and settled in Portsmouth, N. H. Olin Alexander was educated in Central college in Missouri, afterward taught school in Tennes see, Arkansas, St. Louis, Mo., and Nebraska; removed to Alexandria in 1897, and has since resided continuously in Calhoun County. He engaged in the hardware business in Anniston until 1912, and since that date in the farm loan and supply business. He is Mason; an Odd Fellow, and Woodman of the World. Married: in Anniston, July 28, 1898, to Mrs. Louise L. (nee Fullenwider), widow of W. P. Cooper, and daughter of Lavinia, a sister of Generals John H. and Wm. H. Forney (q. v.). Residence: Anniston. ALEXANDER, WILLIAM ANTHONY, busi ness man, was born December 21, 1837, in Lon don, England; died May 13, 1914, at Mobile; son of William and Sarah (Graham) Alexan der. William Anthony Alexander came to America in 1859 and located at Mobile. He was a machinist by occupation. At the outbreak of the War of Secession, he enlisted in the twen ty-first Alabama artillery, C. S. Army, and was assigned to Fort Morgan. He invented and built the first submarine torpedo boat used in the war and also the first used with destructive effect upon the enemy. A historical reference to the boat says, "'The Hunley' (Alexander's boat) was a cigar-shaped iron vessel of some twenty-five or thirty feet in length armed with a long wooden pole at the bow, to which pole was attached a percussion torpedo. The boat was operated by a shaft with screw at the stern, the shaft crank being turned by hand, four men working in a shift. It could not remain under water any length of time with safety to the crew as there was no artificial air supply. The plan of operations was to proceed to a point as close to the enemy as possible, sink beneath the surface and approach until the torpedo ex ploded by contact with the enemy's hull. In practice, the Hunley proved a craft very fatal to its operators. It was taken to Charleston harbor where twice it sank, and remained at the bottom until raised by outside means, all the volunteer crew on board losing their lives. In 1864, the submarine passed down the bay, and attacked the U. S. steamer Housatonic at night. The bottom of the Housatonic was blown out and the vessel sank. The Hunley and her crew were likewise lost, being victims of the heroic action." After the war, Mr. Alexander was for many years superintendent of the Mo bile fire alarm telegraph system. He also in vented and built the first rotary dredge. He was past grand commander of the Grand Com- mandery of Knights Templar of the State of Alabama, and was a member of the Baptist Church. Married: June 27, Margaret Spence DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 21 of Mobile. Children: five sons and one daugh ter. Last residence: Mobile. ALEXANDER, WILLIAM BURFORD, farm er, member of the legislature, was born August 26, 1853, at Oak Grove, Perry County; son of Josiah and Elizabeth Angeline (Burford) Alexander, the former a native of Mecklen burg, N. C., resided a few years near Selma, later removed to Perry County, where he sub sequently died, was a farmer and though too old for service in C. S. Army, served as colonel of county militia; grandson of James Sample Alexander, and of William Burford, of Prairie- ville, Perry County. Mr. Alexander was edu cated in the common schools of Perry County; at East Tennessee university, Knoxville, 1871- 72; Howard college, 1872-73; and University of Alabama, 1874-75. He is a farmer; but from 1899-1905 was engaged in the real estate busi ness in Selma. He has been a justice of the peace; one of the county commissioners of Perry County, and represented that county in the legislature of 1892-93, and of 1919. He is a Democrat; Baptist; Mason; Knight of Pyth ias; Odd Fellow, and Woodman of the World. Married: at Mulberry, Lincoln County, Tenn., Ella Bonner, daughter of George Hogue and wife, a Miss Alexander, of that place. Resi dence : Felix. ALEXANDER, WILLIAM J., planter, was born in May, 1842, in Calhoun County; son of Arthur T. and Rebecca (Borden) Alexander, of Georgia, who removed to Calhoun County, in 1832, where they entered and improved lands. He received a common school education, and in 1859, began to farm; in 1861, he enlisted in Co. I, 25th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; saw service at Farmersville and Shiloh; took part in the Kentucky invasion; was captured and exchanged; was in the battles of Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge and the At lanta campaigns. At Atlanta, he joined Wheel er's cavalry and served till the close of the war. He resumed farming; was appointed sheriff of Cleburne County, 1871; served as representative, 1878-82; member ,of the State senate, 1884-88. He is a Democrat; and a mem ber of the Christian church. Married: in August, 1866, in Floyd County, Ga., to Sarah Cornelia, daughter of Henry A. Smith. Chil dren: 1. William H.; 2. Bessie E. Residence: Cleburne County. ALFORD, JOHN McRAE, business man, was born September 21, 1861, at Carolina, Marion County, S. C; son of Paisley and Martha (Mc- Rae) Alford, the former served in the C. S. Army at Charleston; grandson of Sion and Catherine (McPhaul) Alford, and of John and 'Mary (Mclnnis) McRae of Richmond County, N. C. He was educated in the common schools of South Carolina, and the high school, Wal lace, N. C. He first engaged in farming, but has since entered largely in the banking and mercantile business. He was a member of the house of representatives of 1907 from Geneva County. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: February 18, 1894, at Claxton, Ga., to Leila, daughter of Mitchel J. and Annie Jane (Beas- ley) Green. Children: 1. Barney Millard; 2. Walter Paisley; 3. Nellie. Residence: Hart ford. ALFORD, JULIUS CAESAR, lawyer and member of congress, was born May 10, 1799, in Greensboro, N. C, and died January, 1863, near Montgomery; son of Ludwick and Judith (Jackson) Alford, the former of England who emigrated to America and located in Wake County, served as captain in the War of 1812, removed to Greene County, and later to Troup County, Ga.; grandson of Reuben Jackson, of North Carolina, who won distinction at the battle of New Orleans. Mr. Alford was edu cated in the common schools and an academy in North Carolina; studied law under Col. Foster of Greensboro, N. C, was admitted to the bar, and began the practice of law at LaGrange, Ga. He commanded a company in the Creek War of 1836; was elected as a States Rights Whig to the 24th congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of George W. B. Towns; was defeated for re-election to the 25th congress, but was re-elected as a Har rison Whig to the 26th and 27th congresses. Because of his fearless and stormy declaration in popular assemblies, he was known as the "War horse of Troup." He moved to Tuskegee about 1850, resumed the practice of law and later settled near Montgomery; was a promi nent member of the Union convention that as sembled in Montgomery in 1852 and ran for re election in congress, 1855, but was defeated, after which he retired from public life. Mar ried: (1) to Eliza Cook; (2) Mrs. (Baldwin) Underwood; (3) Mrs. Martha (Herin) Bos- well, widow of Thomas Coke Boswell, and daughter of Henry and Sally (McClendon) Herin. Children, by first wife: 1. daughter, m. A. E. Cox, of LaGrange, Ga.; 2. Antoinnette Lafayette, m. Benjamin Baldwin; 3. George Cook, lawyer, died from wounds received while in C. S. Army; by second wife: 4. Julius Caesar, planter, student at University of Alabama, 1862-63, Corporal Rucker's escort, C. S. Army, m. Carolina Judith Ellsberry, d. 1871; 5. daugh ter, d. young; 6. Sallie, m. Cadwalader H. Beale, son of Jessie D. and Tremallah (Neale) Beale, of Suffolk, Va.; by third wife: 7. Mattie Belle, m. Booth; 8. Cecile; 9. Ludwick H. Last residence: Montgomery County. ALISON, SAMUEL BEEKMAN, physician, was born August 12, 1867, at Carlowville, Dal las County; son of Joseph Dill and Henrietta (Townsend) Alison, the former of whom was born December 23, 1828, at Summerville, S. O; served as a surgeon in the C. S. Army with rank of major, fought at Corinth and Vicks- burg, and lived at Carlowville after the war; grandson of Dr. Hugh Lee and Mary Catharine (Beekman) Alison, the former of whom was born June 8, 1796, and died December 21, 1882, in Carlowville, was a physician and practiced in the country around Charleston, S. C, until 1833 when he moved to Carlowville, and of Dr. William B. and Henrietta (Reynolds) Town- send, who lived in Dallas County near Selma; great grandson of Jacob and Margaret (Lock- 22 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY wood) Alison, and of Maj. Samuel and Ann (Lee) Beekman, the former an officer in the Revolution; great-great-grandson of Hugh and Dorethea (Smiser) Alison, the former a Pres byterian preacher on John's Island, S. O, who died during the Revolution, of Joshua and Mary (Lee) Lockwood, and of Col. William Lee; great-great-great-grandson of Paul Smiser. Dr. Alison attended village school in Carlowville, taught by Miss Annie Alison; studied medicine at the Kentucky School of Medicine, where he was graduated with first honor June 27, 1889; served eighteen months in the Louisville City Hospital; practiced medicine at Ashbrook, An derson County, Ky., 1891-1893; then located in Carlowville where he has practiced since that time. He is a Democrat, and a junior warden in the Episcopal church. Married: November 27, 1902, at Carlowville, Emma Knox Lide, daughter of Thomas Evan and Kate Campbell (Knox) Lide, of Richmond; granddaughter of Robert Pugh and Martha Augusta (Sav age) Lide, who moved from Darlington, S. C. to Dallas County, cleared and planted large tracts of land, and of William Spann and Sarah Goodwin (McCord) Knox, the former, who came to Dallas County from his home near Sumter, S. C. when quite young, fought in the Indian and Mexican wars, merchandised in Mobile, moved to Selma where he engaged in the cot ton business, and died 1871; great-granddaugh ter of Col. Russell Paul McCord of Lowndes County. Children: 1. Thomas Lide, b. Sep tember 20, 1907; 2. Henrietta, b. August 5, 1909, d. November, 1909; 3. Benjamin Rey nolds, b. March 10, 1911; 4. Emma Knox, b. March 21, 1913. Residence: Carlowville. ALLAN, WILLIAM TEMPLE, Episcopal clergyman, for a number of years a resident of Alabama, was born December 15, 1855, at "Balclutha," the colonial home of his father in Clarke County, Va.; son of William Temple and Mary Elizabeth (Bailey) Allan, the former a native of Virginia, B. A. graduate of Prince ton universty later taking a post graduate course in topographical engineering, served as private secretary to Commodore Jones on the flagship Constitution, ornithologist and bot anist; grandson of David Hume and Sarah G. Griffin (Taylor) Allan, the former a graduate of Princeton university, later graduating in law, who retired in order to manage his estates in Virginia, Kentucky, and other states, and of Samuel P. Bailey, of Faquier County, Va.; great-grandson of Col. Griffin and Mary (Ken- non) Taylor, the former an officer in the Rev olution; great-great-grandson of Lady Ann Maitland, of Lauderdale, Scotland. Dr. Allan is descended on his maternal side from Robert Green, of Culpeper County, Va., an immigrant from England in 1719, and on his paternal side from Robert Allan, who emigrated from County Armagh, Ireland, to Virginia, in 1736. He was educated in the country schools of Vir ginia; taught in West Virginia for one year; vas a student at the Theological seminary of Virginia, 1876; removed to Texas where hfc taught, meanwhile pursuing the study of the ology; ordained deacon, 1879; student at the University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., 1880- 82; ordained to the priesthood by Bishop El liott, of Texas, 1883; served at Talladega, Jacksonville, Livingston, Boligee, Gainesville, Gadsden, and again at Jacksonville, 1906-15. He removed to Missouri and later to Texas. He has taken much interest in the work of the United Sons of Confederate Veterans and was chaplain general, 1912. He is an Episcopalian; Odd Fellow; and a Knight Templar. Author: "Episcopal church in politics and religion" and "Basic principles of the Episcopal church." Married: December 2, 1885, to Mrs. Ada (Weis singer) Petty, daughter of Jesse Weissinger, of Dallas County. Children: 1. d. in infancy. Residence: Guthrie, Oklahoma. ALLDREDGE, ENOCH, farmer and Confeder ate officer, was born May 16, 1807, in Giles County, Tenn., and died November 22, 1879, in Brooksville, Blount County; son of Andrew and Leah (Chaney) Alldredge, the former a native of North Carolina, who lived in Brooksville at the time of his death in 1850; grandson of Na than Alldredge, a Revolutionary soldier, and Jerry and May (Curby) Chaney. He came with his parents to Blount County in December, 1816, and was educated in the common schools of that county. He was elected justice of the peace about 1828; served in the Creek Indian War in Florida as a private in Capt. Musgrove's company, in 1836; was elected to the State legislature in 1836; and served in that body through twenty-six sessions. In 1862 he raised a company for the C. S. Army, and at the or ganization of the Forty-eighth Alabama in fantry, was elected its major. He commanded the regiment at Cedar Run, and was seriously wounded, being disabled for further service. He returned to his farm near Brooksville, and resided there until his death. He had seven sons and two sons-in-law in the C. S. Army, and one of his sons was killed at second Man assas, another died in prison at Fort Donelson, and a third was permanently crippled. He was a Democrat, was a deacon and for fifty- eight years was clerk in the Primitive Baptist church. Married: November 18, 1826, to Amelia Pace, daughter of John and Ziffory Pace, who came from Virginia to Alabama and settled in Blount County. Children: 1. John P.; 2. Capt. Andrew J.; 3. Col. Jesse J. (q v ) • 4. William M.; 5. Hiram W.; 6. Garland S : 7. Missouri A.; 8. Van B.; 9. Elizabeth; 10 James P.; 11. Taylor W.; 12. Clemons G.; 13. D. L. Last residence: Brooksville. ALLDREDGE, JESSE J., lieutenant-colonel, C. S. Army and farmer, was born in Blount County, son of Enoch and Amelia (Pace) All dredge (q. v.), both natives of Tennessee, the former came with his parents in December, 1816, to Alabama when a child and was reared on the farm, became a justice of the peace, rep resented Blount County in the Alabama legisla ture for sixteen years, State senator, 1851, re tiring in 1876, a soldier of the Black Hawk and Seminole Wars, major in the 48th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army, wounded, 1862 at the battle of Bull • Run, and later in the war period, an aide on the governor's staff; grandson of Andrew J. and Leah (Chaney) DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 23 Alldredge, the former a farmer, who came to Alabama in its earliest period of settlement, and was the first white man to drive a wagon into what is now Blount County, then inhabited by Indians only, being a religious man he ad ministered to the spiritual welfare of the pioneer families, meetings being held in their cabins. Mr. Alldredge was a soldier in Captain Skinner's company, 19th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, under Colonel Wheeler, but, after six months service, was transferred to the 4Sth Alabama infantry regiment, and elected second lieutenant, promoted first lieu tenant, and after the second battle of Manas sas, where he was wounded, was promoted to lieutenant-colonel for meritorious conduct on that field. On account of his battle wounds he was pronounced unfit for further active field duty, and was appointed recruiting officer for northern Alabama, performing this duty until the close of the war. He was a farmer. Mar ried: Manila, daughter of Patrick and Eliza beth (Berry) Scott, the former a native of North Carolina, who removed to Tennessee and thence to Alabama, settling in Blount County and elected first judge of the county, serving twelve years, an officer in the State militia for many years, a farmer, a man of great physical courage, who would step from the bench and flog bullies who came into the community and compel them to keep order. There were chil dren to this union. Among these, P. G., a phy sician and merchant of Brooksville. Last resi dence: Blount County. ALLEN, ARTHUR REDDING, physician, graduated at the Atlanta medical college, 1896, and entered upon the practice that year. Resi dence: Oswichee. ALLEN, BASIL M., lawyer, was born De cember 20, 1858, in Carolina County, Va.; son of the Rev. Littlebury W. and Mary (Martin) Allen. The Allen family came from England to America early in the eighteenth century and located in eastern Virginia. Mrs. Allen was also of English descent. Her ancestors were early settlers in the colony of Virginia. The Rev. Littlebury W. Allen was one of the foun ders of Richmond College and one of the board of directors. At the outbreak of the War of Secession, he was pastor of the Walnut Street Baptist Church of Louisville. Resigning his pastorate, he returned to Virginia and raised a regiment of which he was elected colonel. He served through the entire war, with the ex ception of ten months when he was held a prisoner at Johnson's Island, and was a wit ness of the surrender at Appomattox. He was at one time sergeant at arms of the lower house of Virginia legislature prior to the war. He was pastor of four churches at the time of his death which occurred in 1872. Basil M. Allen was graduated at the age of seventeen from the Agricultural College of Vir ginia with the highest grade in his class. Soon after, he commenced the study of law in the office of E. C. Moncure, now judge of the county court at Bowling Green, Va. Two years later, in 1878, he went to Hale County where he con tinued his studies. He read in the law office of Thomas R. Roulhac at Greensboro, and, in 1880, was admitted to the Hale County bar, com mencing to practice there in 1881. He was elected a member of the commissioners' court and also a justice of the peace. In January 1882, he moved to Birmingham where he has since practiced law. He was appointed justice of the peace there in March, 1882 and elected for a term of four years in 1884. He is owner of a plantation in the Canebrake region and is an extensive stockraiser. He is the present secretary of the Democratic committee: is chancellor commander of Phoenix Lodge, No. 25, Knghts of Pythias; was first exalted ruler of the Elks in Birmingham in 1888 and has since become grand inner guard of the grand lodge of the United States, B. P. O. E. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and of the I. O. R. M. Married. Residence: Birmingham. ALLEN, CHARLES ALEXANDER, planter and public official, was born May 14, 1846, in Sparta, Hancock County, Ga., and died Septem ber 21, 1907 in Montgomery; son of William and Rebecca Ann (Williams) Allen, of Sparta, Ga., who removed, in 1849, to Union Springs, later settling in Montgomery County as a planter. He was educated in the private and public schools of his community; engaged in planting, and while under age, enlisted in the 51st Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. He served, with six brothers, some of whom were killed, until the close of the war. He again engaged in farming; and also assisted his brother, Joseph, in the warehouse business. In 1884 he was made clerk of the board of revenue of Montgomery County, and served until 1901. He was a Democrat; Mason; a Ku Klux; and a Baptist. Married: (1) to Corinne, daughter of Mason Harwell of Cross Keys and Montgomery; (2) to Elizabeth Bea trice Smith, of Highland Home. Children: by the first wife: 1. Mason Harwell; 2. Fannie, m. Eugene Patterson; 3. George, m. Belle Meadows; 4. Charles A., jr., drowned in Ala bama river; 5. Carry, m. J. T. Gartner; children by the second wife: 1. Warren, m. Sarah McCook; 2. Thomas, drowned in Alabama river; 3. Lila, m. John Chisholm; 4. Harry; 5. Sayre; 6. Ruth, m. Will Sankey, jr.; 7. Joe; 8. Edwin; 9. Edith; 10. Mary Hill. Last resi dence: Montgomery. ALLEN, CHARLES HODGE, publisher, was born November 11, 1879, at Gainesville; son of Charles Horace and Sibella Auralia (Stew art) Allen, of Gainesville; grandson of Evan and Mary Allen, the former a native of Con necticut, later of Gainesville and Mobile, and of Wiley W. and Elizabeth Stewart, of Gainesville, later removing to Coahoma County, Miss.; great-grandson of Amasa Allen, a na tive of near Donaldsonville, Conn. The Aliens are descended from Samuel Allen, who came to this country from Bridgewater, England, and are related to the same family as Ethan Allen, of Revolutionary fame. Charles H. Allen re ceived his education in the public schools of Livingston, and at the early age of twelve en tered as a printer and reporter the office of his father's newspaper, the "Sumter County 24 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Sun," at Livingston. At the age of eighteen he was owner and editor of the "Demopolis Dis patch," a weekly newspaper, and two years later joined the staff of the "Birmingham Age Herald." He then accepted the position of ad vertising manager of the "Mobile Herald," later accepting the same position with the "Mobile Register" and finally became the general man ager of the latter paper. On December 1, 1914, he came to Montgomery as advertising manager of the "Montgomery Advertiser." He and Cap tain Sheehan bought the entire interest of Frank P. Glass, at which time he became its vice-president, publisher and general manager. He is a Rotarian; member Southern news paper publishers association, and the Admen's club of the world. Married: November 25, 1903, in Mobile, to Letitia Rundle, daughter of John F. and Lou Alma (Sossaman) Shearer, of Mo bile; and fifth great-granddaughter of Richard Clark, who landed on the Mayflower in 1620. She is also a descendant of the Fisher, Grasty, Lightfoot, and Clark families. Children: 1. Charles S.; 2. John S.; 3. Letitia. Residence: Montgomery. ALLEN, DAVID, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of Franklin County; private, but particular service not disclosed; enrolled on March 8, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from September 4, 1833; annual allowance, $60. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. ALLEN, DRURY, SR., pioneer, came with his family to Clarkesville from Edgefield district, S. O, in 1811 or 1812. He brought his house hold goods on two pack horses and in a roll ing hogshead along the pathway through the Indian tribes. He soon removed south of Suggs- ville and found safety for his family during the Indian trpubles in Fort Madison. He was in the expedition led by Capt. Dale connected with the Canoe Fight. Married: (1) Margaret Waite who died in 1818; (2) in 1820, Fannie Webb. Children, by first wife: 1. Josiah, Congregational Methodist minister, b. January 20, 1800, d. December 1891 in Jasper County, Miss., when thirteen years of age enlisted in Sam Dale's Company. 2. Henry, b. in 1801, d. 1893 in Jasper County, Miss., m. (1) Sarah Latham in 1826, who died in 1855, (2) in 1860, died in 1873, settled on Bassett's Creek near Salem; children, 1. William, m. Margaret Mont gomery, 2. Margaret, m. William Champion, 3. Sarah, m. Robert Nettles, 4. Miriam, m. Jack son Hall, 5. Amanda, m. William McAddin, 6. Mary Ann, m. John Brown, 7. Martin Van, m. Emily Southall, 8. John Calhoun, d. at Rich mond, Va.; in the C. S. Army; 3. Drury jr., b. May 20, 1807, settled in 1850, near Choctaw Corner, about three miles on the road to Clai borne where he still lives, has five sons and four daughters; 4. Nancy; 5. Barbara; by sec ond wife; 6. Bettie; 7. Turner; 8. Susan; 9. Sarah; 10. Wade Hampton. ALLEN, EDWARD, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Frank lin County; private N. C. Continental Line; enrolled on March 8, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $60; sums received up to date of publication of list, $180. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. ALLEN, EDWARD PATRICK, D. D., Roman Catholic bishop of the Diocese of Mobile, was born March 17, 1853, in Lowell, Mass.; son of John and Mary (Egan) Allen, the former a native of Edenderry, Kings County, Ireland; grandson of Edward and Mary (Egan) Allen of Philipstown, Kings County, Ireland, and of Matthew and Mary (O'Connor) Egan, of Phil ipstown, Kings County, Ireland. The Allen, Egan, and O'Connor families suffered severely through confiscation of their property because of their fidelity to the Catholic faith during the religious wars of the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries. The Most Rev. John Allen, Archbishop to Dublin, who was slain by Silken Thomas, son of the Earl of Desmond, in the council chamber of Dublin, in 1535, was a member of this family. The Egan family was hereditary guardian of the Brehon law. The only copy of these laws now in ex istence was preserved in the Egan household. The O'Connors, who claimed direct descent from the chieftans of that sept, were robbed of their patrimony during the religious wars. John Allen came from' Ireland and settled in Lowell, Mass., in 1841. He lived there until his death in 1882. He was in business in Lowell until 1865 and then lived on his farm near the city. Edward Patrick Allen received his early edu cation in the public schools of Lowell, Mass., and in the Lowell commercial college. He en tered Mt. St. Mary's college, at Emmitsburg, Md., and was graduated with honors A. M., 1878. In 1879, he entered the Mount St. Mary's Theological Seminary to study for the priest hood. He was initiated into minor orders in 1880, erdained deacon in September, 1881, and elevated to the priesthood, December 17, 1881, being ordained priest by Right Rev. Thomas A. Becker, of Savannah. He was immediately ap pointed professor in his Alma Mater, where he taught English and Greek until the spring of 1882. At this time he was called to the east by the bishop of Boston, Most Rev. John J. Wil liams, D. D., who appointed him an assistant in the cathedral in that city. Later he was as signed to assist Rev. J. S. Cullen at Farming- ham, and was appointed chaplain of the state reformatory at Sherborn, Mass. In 1884, at the request of the president and faculty, Father Allen was returned to the staff of Mount St. Mary's college. He was elected vice-president and treasurer of the college in 1884, and presi dent, June, 1885. During his administration, many improvements were made in the college and seminary, and the number of pupils in both departments was greatly increased. The col lege debt, amounting to sixty-five thousand dol lars, was paid and new buildings were erected. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon Father Allen by Georgetown college in 1889. He visited Europe in that year and Rome in 1892. He was elected fifth Bishop of Mobile in succession to Right Rev. Jeremiah O'Sulli- ROBERT L. GLENN DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 27 van, D. D„ and was consecrated May 16, 1897, in the cathedral at Baltimore, Md., by Cardinal Gibbons who was assisted by Bishop Fitzgerald of Little Rock, Ark., and Bishop Harkins of Providence, R. I. He was installed in his Cathedral Church at Mobile, May 30, 1897. Residence: 400 Government Street, Mobile. ALLEN, G. C, lawyer. Residence: Gadsden. ALLEN, HORATIO GATES, teacher, was born at Newburyport, Mass., January 6, 1792, and died August 24, 1862. His father served under Gen. Horatio Gates as sergeant major, and his mother was a Miss Brown. Horatio G. Allen and his brothers, Ephraim and Wil liam Brown, were the publishers of a New York paper. He and William removed to Ala bama and located at Cahaba, then the capital, where they opened a printing establishment; were the publishers of the Alabama code of 1822 and also of a paper. Later he became a well known teacher of Dallas County. He lived in Marengo County about 1867, and in Clarke about 1871, having taught successfully in both of these places. He was a Democrat; a master Mason; and a Methodist. Married: October 6, 1835, in Dallas County, to Elisabeth, daugh ter of William and Edith (Rodgers) Stone, of that place. Children: 1. Mary Elisabeth, m. Oliver Perry Slater, of Thomasville; 2. William Brown, d. in 1887; 3. Catherine Josephine, m. (1) Thomas J. Davis; and (2) William H. Lewis; 4. Helen B. C, m. Edmund M. Vick. Last residence: Marengo County. ALLEN, JOHN HARVEY, JR., jeweller, was born August 21, 1840, at Richmond, Va., and died July 8, 1913, at Anniston; son of John Harvey and Mary (McDonall) Allen, the for mer a native of England who came to Virginia when he was a young man, was married in Richmond and lived there until he moved to Wytheville, Va., the latter a native of Ireland. He was educated in the public schools of Rich mond, Va., and later learned to be a watch maker and diamond expert. Upon the out break of the War of Secession, he joined the C. S. Army in Virginia, and eventually attained the rank of major. He fought under Gen. Stonewall Jackson, and was on the "Alabama," the Confederate vessel which wrought so much destruction to the commerce of the United States, under Admiral Raphael Semmes. After peace was declared, Maj. Allen went to Anniston, then a mere woodland settlement, and for a number of years, was engaged there as a jeweller. He was a resident of Anniston for over thirty years, and during this time served as an alderman. He helped establish the Confederate Home in Alabama and accom plished much for the veterans. He was a Democrat and a Presbyterian, belonged to the Masonic order, to the Odd Fellows, and to the Knights of Pythias. Married: September 20, 1866, at Wilmington, N. C, to Rachel M. Thomp son, daughter of James and Rachel (Murray) Thompson of Wilmington, N. C. Children: 1. Minnie T., Little Rock, Ark.; 2. Robert D., Anniston. Last residence: Anniston. ALLEN, JOSEPH V, business man. Resi dence: Birmingham. ALLEN, MRS. JOSEPH V, fourth president, Alabama division, Daughters of the American Revolution. Residence: Birmingham. ALLEN, LANG C, member constitutional convention, 1861, from Marion County. ALLEN, MATTHEW W., librarian, Alabama supreme court library, 1865. ALLEN, ROBERT, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 66, and a resident of Madison County; Sergeant Virginia Continental Line; enrolled on January 29, 1824, under act of Con gress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from October 26, 1823; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $213.54. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. ALLEN, T. M., dentist and author. Dr. Al len compiled a directory of the practicing den tists in the State of Alabama, 1889. He held the degree of D. D. S. Last residence: Bir mingham. ALLEN, THURSTON HARVEY, lawyer, was born February 22, 1864, in Fincastle, Botetourt County, Va.; son of John B. and Nancy (Har vey) Allen; grandson of James S. and Rebecca Allen, and of Col. John and Nancy Harvey. His paternal grandparents were natives of Dund- rod, north of Belfast, Ireland, while his ma ternal grandparents were born in Rathangen, County Kildare. The former were Orangemen and strong Protestants, but the latter were Catholics. On emigrating to America they lo cated in Botetourt County. The family seat of the Aliens was the "Stone-House," and that of the Harveys was "Cherry Lane." The father of Senator Allen was for years a representative in the Virginia house of representatives, and was for a long period a commissioner of revenue of his county. Col. John M. Harvey was a soldier in the War of 1812. James S. Allen, one of his grandfathers, was for many years president of the county court, holding a com mission under George III. Mr. Allen was edu cated at Beaver Dam academy, the Fincastle high school, and the University of Vir ginia, LL. B., 1884. For a short period he practiced at Fincastle, but in 1888 he removed to Florence, and has since actively pursued his profession. Until elected to the State sen ate of 1911 he had never held public office. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; and an Elk. Married: Willie Frank, daughter of Dr. John M. and Sallie (Moore) Steele, of Fincastle. Dr. Steele was a prominent physician both in Augusta and in Botetourt Counties, Va. Chil dren: 1. Grace Steele. Residence: Florence. ALLEN, VASSAR LYLE, lawyer, was born at Tuskegee September 28, 1868; son of George W. and Margaret (Wheat) Allen. His parents resided for many years at Lafayette, but re moved to Tuskegee in 1867, where his father engaged in cotton planting. His early boy- 28 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY hood was spent in Opelika; at the age of fifteen he matriculated at the Agricultural and me chanical college (now the Alatama polytechnic institute), at Auburn, where he graduated, B. S. 1887; was instructor in English and mathe matics in 1888, carried post graduate work, and acted as the commandant of cadets with rank of major; in 1888 received the degree of M. S.; from 1888 until the summer of 1893 was professor of English and science in the Georgia military institute at Atlanta; removed to Birmingham and began the study of law under W. R. Houghton; was admitted to the bar October 25, 1893, and has since practiced his profession in Birmingham. He is a Demo crat; and a Methodist. Married: at Huntsville, June 14, 1899, to Sallie Ward, daughter of Henry S. and Dora (Hereford) Bradford. No children. Residence : Birmingham. ALLEN, VIOLA, actress, was born in Hunts ville; daughter of C. Leslie and Sarah (Lynn) Allen, the former a character actor of an old Boston family, the latter of English descent. She accompanied her parents to Boston at the age of three; received her education in that city, at Wykham Hall, Toronto, and at a New York boarding school. At the age of fifteen she made her debut in "Esmeralda" at the Madison Square theatre, New York; later joined John McCullough company, playing Virginia, Desdemona, Cordelia, etc.; played classical, Shakesperean and comedy roles with Lawrence Barrett, Tommaso Salvini, Joseph Jefferson and William J. Florence. For one season she played the leading part at the Boston museum; one year at Empire theatre; spent four years creating and playing roles in "Liberty Hall", "Sowing the Wind", "The Masqueraders", "Un der the Red Robe", etc. Starred as Gloria Quayle in "The Christian", 1898; produced "In the Palace of the King", 1900, and "The Eternal City", 1902. Under the management of her brother she began a series of Shakesperean re vivals, 1903, and has also produced "The School for Scandal". Married: in 1906, to Peter Dur- yea. Residence: New York. ALLEN, W. C, superintendent of education, 1864. ALLEN, WADE HAMPTON, planter and business man, was born April 16, 1794, in Edgefield District, S. C, and died at Montgom ery, June 21, 1851; son of Robert Allen, a Revolutionary soldier, of Edgefield; and grand son of Hezekiah Allen, also a Revolutionary soldier, who was killed by Indians and Tories near that town. He attended Charles Barrett's school in Edgefield; in 1817 came to Montgom ery, and lived in the city or its vicinity until his death; possessed great energy and enter prise, having, besides large planting interests, a contract for carrying the mails between Montgomery and Mobile; established a stage coach passenger business between those points; and was interested in a line of steamboats on the Alabama River. He was a Methodist. Mar ried: (1) Kate, daughter of Dennis and Mar garet (Hahm) Carpenter, early immigrants from South Carolina to Montgomery County, and (2) Eliza, sister of William, Philemon D., and Daniel Sayre, (q. v.), and daughter of Calvin and Mary (Dickerson) Sayre, who lived at Morristown, N. J., the latter a niece of Gen. Philemon Dickerson, who served under Wash ington in the American, Revolution. Chil dren, by first wife: 1. Ann, m. Dr. Andrew McBryde, (q. v.); 2. Eliza, m. Thomas H. Watts (q. v.); by second wife: 3. William Wirt (q. v.), m. Susan Ball; 4. Wade Hamp ton, deceased; 5. George Edward, m. Sallie E. Given, lived and died in Montgomery; 6. Joseph Virginus, deceased. Last residence: Montgomery. ALLEN, WELDON GRAY, farmer and legis lator, was born November 12, 1870, at Jefferson, Marengo County; son of William Caldwell and Julia (Finch) Allen, the former moved to Ala bama from North Carolina early in life, was a farmer, and member of the C. S. cavalry; grandson of John Gray Allen, a native of North Carolina, and of Weldon Daniel and Mary (Simmons) Finch, who lived in Marengo County, and were of English ancestry. He was educated in the common schools of Marengo County; and at Southern university, but did not complete the course. He is a farmer and stock raiser. From 1896 to 1907 he was a notary public and ex-officio justice of the peace. He was a member of the Alabama legislature, 1919, from Marengo County. He is a Demo crat; Methodist; Mason; Woodman of the World; and Knight of Pythias. Married: Annie Rhee, daughter of Augustus and Mary (Miller) Watts, of Wilcox County. Children: 1. Weldon Gray, deceased; 2. William Caldwell. Residence: Demopolis. ALLEN, WILLIAM B., grand secretary, grand lodge, Masons, 1823. ALLEN, WILLIAM WIRT, major-general, C. S. Army, was born in 1835, in New York City, and died November 24, 1894, at Sheffield; son of Wade and Eliza (Sayre) Allen (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Montgomery and graduated from Princeton university; afterward began the study of law but preferring the life of a planter he never engaged in the practice. He entered the C. S. Army, in 1861, as first lieutenant of the cavalry company of which General Clanton went out as captain. He was elected and commissioned, March 18, 1862, ma jor of the 1st Alabama cavalry, and later in the same year, was promoted to the colonelcy of the regiment. He was slightly wounded at Perryville and severely wounded at Mur freesboro. He was commissioned brigadier- general, February 26, 1864, and took command of a brigade composed of men from several states. At Marietta he was transferred to the command and the brigade composed of the 1st, 3rd, 4th, 9th, 12th and 51st Alabama cavalry regiments, Wheeler's corps, Army of Tennessee, and was in charge of this brigade in the At lanta campaign. In August, 1864, Crew's Georgia brigade was added to his command and subsequently Anderson's Confederate brigade. He passed into the Carolinas, at the head of this brigade, the commission of major-general was DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 29 conferred upon him in March, 1865, and he sur rendered at Salisbury, N. C, May 3, 1865. He again resumed his planting interests and was appointed adjutant-general of the State in 1870. He removed to Sheffield in 1893. Mar ried: August 13, 1857, to Susan, daughter of George Claiborne and Eliza (Pollard) Ball, sister of Colonel Charles P. Ball (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Wade; 2. Virginia Ball, m. Henry D. Clayton (q. v.) ; 3. Charles Ball; 4. Eliza, m. Sydney Lyons, of Mobile; 5. Joseph Virginius; 6. Bettie Lee; 7. Gus Ball; 8. William Sayre; 9. Macon Reynolds, m. Joseph Richard Cole man (q. v.) ; 10. Charles Pollard, m. Minnie Chitty; 11. Marion. Last residence: Sheffield. ALLGOOD, MILES CLAYTON, State auditor and commissioner of agriculture and industries, was born February 22, 1878, at Chepultepec, now Allgood's Station; son of Dr. William Barnett Allgood and wife, who was Mrs. Mary Matilda (Ingram) Majors, the former born at Chepultepec, served as school trustee, justice of the peace, and postmaster, was a Confed erate soldier, and has been a practising physi cian since 1870; grandson of Dr. Forest and Temperance (Clayton) Allgood. the former a native of Pickens District, S. C, moved to Murphrees Valley in Blount County in 1836, where he lived until his death in 1900, and was a Primitive Baptist minister for sixty years, and of Council Bruton and Sarah (Bostick) Ingram, the former lived successively at Chepultepec, and at Pulaski, Tenn., and after his death his widow married William Cor nelius, and located in Murphrees Valley; and great-grandson of John B. Bostick of Tennes see. Miles C. Allgood was educated in the pub lic schools of Chepultepec and Oneonta; at tended the Florence normal school, and com pleted his course in 1908, with a life certificate to teach in the public schools of the State. He has taught at Chepultepec and at Liberty in Blount County; was elected tax assessor of Blount County in 1901, holding that office by re election until 1909; and served on State execu tive committee from 1908 to 1910. In 1908 he was elected superintendent of the live stock de partment of the State fair at Birmingham; and in 1911 was appointed U. S. farm demonstra tion agent for Blount County, from which he resigned in 1913. He was elected State audi tor 1915, and commissioner of agriculture, 1919. He is a Methodist, an Odd Fellow, and a Woodman of the World. Married: February 1, 1917, at Montgomery, to Willie Randall, daugh ter of David C. and Annie (Randall) Fox, of that place. Children: 1. Miles Clayton, jr. Residence: Montgomery. ALLGOOD, STEPHEN CALVIN, teacher and member of constitutional convention of 1875, was born April 8, 1836, at Old Pendle ton, now in Pickens County, S. C; and died in 1915; son of Deforest and Temperance (Clayton) Allgood, the former born at the same place, January 23, 1815, lived in Pickens County until November, 1836, when he moved to Murphree's Valley, Blount County, was for sixty years a Primitive Baptist minister, and died at Oneonta, February 12, 1900; grand son of Barnett H. Allgood, who came from Vir ginia to South Carolina. He attended the county schools, taught from 1857 to 1861; en listed in August, 1861 in Co. K., 19th Alabama infantry regiment, under Col. Joseph Wheeler and served until the fall of 1863; served in Lewis's cavalry battalion, 1864, and reached home in May, 1865. He is a Democrat; Primi tive Baptist, in which church he has been a minister since 1867; a Mason and Odd Fellow. Married: (1) December 16, 1858, near Chepul tepec, Blount County, to Martha Eldridge, daughter of Alva and Sarah Jones, who came about 1835 from South Carolina, and lived at or near Chepultepec; and (2) September 10, 1877, to Nancy M., daughter of Jonathan and Julety Nation. Children: 1. Louelle; 2. Geor- giana, m. a Huffstuler, lives at Grandview, Tex.; 3. Miles Pennington, deceased; 4. May Wilick, deceased; 5. Leota Rebekah Ildagit, m. a Neely, lives in Colorado City, Tex.; 6. Clinton Francis, lives at North Birmingham; 7. Sarah Elizabeth, m. a Bowler, lives at Los Angeles, Calif.; 8. Mary Elvira Isadora, m. Tom Jenkins, lives at Oneonta; 9. Remus Mar- cellus Alfonso, deceased formerly of Yuma, Ariz. Last residence: Oneonta. ALLSTON, BENJAMIN, Episcopal clergyman and colonel, C. S. Army, was born February 26, 1833, in Charleston, S. C., and died January 15, 1900; son of Robert Francis Withers and Adele (Petigru) Allston, the former a native of South Carolina, graduate of West Point military acad emy, surveyor general of South Carolina and governor of that State, 1856-57, member of the lower house of South Carolina, 1828, senate 1832; grandson of Benjamin and Charlotte Anne (Allston) Allston; great-grandson of William and Sabina (Atchinson) Allston, and of Capt. William and Anne (Simons) Allston, of South Carolina; great-great-grandson of Benjamin Simons, commanding general of South Carolina in 1769, of William and Esther (LaBruce) Alls- ton, the former collector of customs for George town, S. C, 1843-44, and of John and Deborah Allston, planter of English descent of Craven County, Parish of Prince George, S. C; great- great-great-grandson of Dr. Joseph and Esther (Robins) LaBruce de Margeouf, of Bretagne, France. Rev. Mr. Allston entered West Point military academy at the age of sixteen and graduated June, 1853. He was assigned to the cavalry corps, served as lieutenant on a Trans- Mississippi expedition; resigned in April, 1858, and engaged in rice planting. At the beginning of the War of Secession he raised a company of cavalry; reported in Richmond; commissioned major of the 19th Mississippi • infantry regi ment; served as colonel of the 4th Alabama in fantry regiment, while Colonel Law was recov ering from wounds; appointed lieutenant colo nel and sent to East Tennessee where he was wounded; transferred in January, 1863, to the Trans-Mississippi department as inspector gen eral for General Kirby Smith and continued in this capacity as well as chief of the secret serv ice, until the surrender. After the war he again became a planter; was a lay-reader of Planters- ville, S. C; took the order of deacon; began the study of theology and was later ordained. He 30 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY served the following churches in South Caro lina: Prince Frederick, Prince George, Winyah, Georgetown, Union, and Winnsboro. Married: February 25, 1864, to Ellen Stanley Robinson, of Texas. Children: 1. Adele; 2. Mary D.; 3. Louisa D.; 4. Charlotte, m. Maurice Augustus Moore, of Union, S. O; 5. Robert F. W., m. M. E. B. Holmes, of Tryon, N. C. Last residence: Winnsboro, S. C. ALMON, CHARLES POMEROY, lawyer and circuit judge, was born at Moulton, Lawrence County, July 19, 1872; son of William Micher and Bettie (Wasson) Almon, the former a brother of Representative Edward B. Almon (q. v.). Judge Almon was educated in the public schools, and at the Southern univer sity, Greensboro; read law at Moulton; was admitted to the bar, May 3, 1893; practiced at Moulton until September 1899, and at Hamil ton until September, 1904, when he located in Russellville, where he continued the practice until he went on the circuit bench in Novem ber, 1906, and where he resided until Octo ber, 1910, when he located in Florence. He was a member of the house of representatives in 1903, from Marion County; was nominated as judge of the eleventh judicial circuit, in 1906, and elected to fill out an unexpired term of four years; was renominated and elected in 1910, without opposition, for six years; and again elected in 1916 for another term of six years. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a Mason; a Knight of Pythias; an Odd Fellow; a Woodman of the World, and a member of the Golden Cross. Married at Booneville, Miss., December 27, 1894, to Mattie Lou, daughter of Lewis and Sallie (Davenport) Greene, and the granddaughter of Robert Davenport, for many years sheriff of old Tishomingo County, Miss. Children: 1. Bessie; 2. William Lewis; 3. Fannie Lou, deceased; 4. Charles Henry; and 5. Martha Davenport. Residence: Flor ence. ALMON, DAVID CALVIN, lawyer and mem ber of constitutional convention of 1901, was born near Moulton, Lawrence County, Feb ruary 11, 1867; son of William M. and Bettie (Wasson) Almon, of Moulton; grandson of John C. and Nancy Wasson of Landersville; and a nephew of Representative E. B. Almon (q. v.). Mr. Almon attended the common schools of Lawrence County, the Baptist in stitute at Moulton; graduated from the Flo rence State normal school 1886; studied law in the office of Judge William P. Chitwood, of Moulton; was admitted to the bar in 1887; began the practice at Moulton; was a member of the house of representatives, 1900-01; a member of the constitutional convention, 1901; and was appointed solicitor of the eighth judi cial circuit, February 11, 1903. He is a Demo crat; was chairman of the county Democratic committee; and has been a delegate to every State convention since 1890. He is a Metho dist; a Mason, Knight of Pythias, an Elk, and a member of the Junior Order of American Me chanics. Married: December 25, 1888, at Booneville, Miss., to Annie, daughter of Thomas E. and Elizabeth Miller, of that place. Children: 1. George Curtis; 2. Thomas Clif ton; 3. Helen Elizabeth; 4. Louise Kathleen; 5. Annie Fay. Residence: Decatur. ALMON, EDWARD BERTON, lawyer, cir cuit judge and representative in Congress, was born April 18, 1860, at Moulton, Lawrence County; son of George Worsham and Nancy Berton (Eubank) Almon, the former brought by his parents from Pulaski, Tenn., to Law rence County, in 1822; grandson of Nathaniel and Elizabeth (Coleman) Almon, natives of Haywood County, N. O, who emigrated first to Pulaski, Tenn., and thence to Lawrence County, the former a soldier in the War of 1812, and of Thomas and Mary (Gibson) Eu bank, of Bedford County, Va.; and great- grandson of an Almon immigrant who fought in the Revolutionary War, was captured and carried back to England, and after peace, re turned to America and settled in North Caro lina. Representative Almon was educated in the common schools of Moulton; the Florence normal school, graduating in 1881; and the law department of the University of Ala bama, 1883. He began the practice at Bel Green, in 1884; in 1885 located at Tuscumbia, where in 1886 he formed a partnership with James T. Kirk, which lasted until Mr. Almon was elected judge of the eleventh judicial cir cuit; was State senator, 1892 to 1894; elected judge of the eleventh judicial circuit in 1898; re-elected without opposition in 1904; was pres idential elector from Alabama in 1896; for many years chairman of Democratic committee of Colbert County, and was also chairman of a committee of the good roads association. In 1911 he represented Colbert County in the legis lature, and was chosen speaker of the house of representatives. On November 3, 1914, he was elected to the 64th congress from the eighth dis trict, as a Democrat, in opposition to W. E. Hotchkiss, Progressive, and Emil Boeglin, Socialist; re-elected successively to the 65th and 66th congresses. He is a Methodist; a Mason, a Knight of Pythias, a Knight of Honor, a Woodman of the World and an Elk. Married: December 13, 1887, in Tuscumbia, to Luie Clop- per, daughter of George K. and Charlotte T. (Beeny) Clopper, of Courtland, but formerly of Philadelphia, Pa. Children: 1. Lottie, m. Walter H. Williams, lawyer, of Tuscumbia; 2. Louise, d. unmarried; 3. George Clopper. Residence: Tuscumbia. ALMON, GEORGE O, lawyer and probate judge, was born in Lawrence County, March 27, 1852; third son of seven children of George W. and Nancy B. (Eubank) Almon, and a brother of Representative Edward B. Almon (q. v.). Judge Almon received his early edu cation from private tutors; graduated from the University of Mississippi, 1873; has prac ticed at Franklin, Russellville, and Bel Green; was appointed probate judge of Franklin County, serving until 1887; served in the state senate 1886-87, and 1888-89. He is a Demo crat; a Methodist; and a Knight of Pythias. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 31 Married: in 1876, to Modena Burgess, daugh ter of William Burgess. Children: 1. Susie B. Residence:' Russellville. ALSOBROOK, JESSE, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 72, and a resident of Greene County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on March 26, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $50; sums received to date of publication of list, $100.— Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Sum ter County, June 1, 1840, aged 77.— Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. ALSTON, AUGUSTUS HOLMES, lawyer, and supernumerary circuit judge, was born in Bibb County, Ga., November 17, 1847, and died at Clayton, October 25, 1918; son of Wil lis and Elizabeth (Howard) Alston, of Eng lish descent, the former born in Hancock County, Ga., in 1806, married at Georgetown, S. O, in 1823, and died in Texas, 1849, and the latter a native of South Carolina, who died near Decatur, Ga., in January, 1866; grandson of Robert West and Henrietta (Green) Alston, the former who removed at an early day from Halifax, N. C, to Hancock County, thence later to Florida, but subsequently returned to Georgia, and died at Thomasville, in that State, and of Rev. Thomas Coke and Mariana (Hall) Howard, the former for many years a distin guished minister of the Methodist church; great-grandson of Capt. John and Ann Hunt (Macon) Alston, who lived and died at his home on Fishing Creek, Halifax County, N. C., of William and Mary (Christmas) Green, the former of whom married the widow of Capt. John Alston, and of John and Julia (Hill) Hall, of Wilmington; great-great-grandson of Joseph John and Elizabeth (Chancy) Alston, of Halifax County, and of Gideon and Pris- cilla (Jones) Macon, of Granville County, N. C, the latter the parents of Hon. Nathaniel Macon, long prominent in the public life of the country. Judge Alston while a native of Geor gia, came to Alabama immediately after the War of Secession. He served a short time as a member of Co. C, Ninth Tennessee cavalry regiment, Gen. Basil Duke's brigade, Gen. John H. Morgan's command; was captured at Mt. Sterling, Ky., and remained a prisoner at Rock Island, 111., until the close of the war. He read law under Cato and Baker at Eufaula; and served two terms as probate judge of that county, having first been appointed, and after wards elected by a very large majority. When the office of supernumerary judge was created in 1899, he was elected by the legislature to fill the position; in 1904 he was, without oppo sition, re-elected by the people of the State at large, and again in 1910. He served as chair man of the Democratic executive committee of the 3rd district, and as chairman of the Democratic executive committee of Barbour County; was a Mason; and a Methodist. Mar ried: December 17, 1867, to Anna Maria, daughter of Col. Edward S. and Amanda (Al ston) Ott, the former of whom commanded a South Carolina regiment in the War of Seces sion; granddaughter of William Hinton and Elizabeth (Rucker) Alston, of Columbus, Ga.; great-granddaughter of William and Charity (Alston) Alston, the former a member of the provincial congress which met at Halifax, N. C, in April 1776, and a lieutenant colonel of the Third regiment of continentals; and great- granddaughter of James and Christian (Lil- lington) Alston. Children: 1. Augusta, m. Lawrence Haygood Lee (q. v.) ; 2. Edward Ott, a business man of Denver, Colo., m. Mar ion LeSeur; 3. Robert Cotton, a leading law yer of Atlanta, Ga., and senior member of the law firm of Robert C. and Philip H. Alston, m. Caroline Dubignon; 4. Annie Louise, m. Carl Adams, a stock broker at Prattville; 5. Unnamed infant; 6. Philip Henry, a lawyer in the practice with his brother in Atlanta, m. May Lewis; 7. William Ott, in the insurance business at Atlanta, m. Margaret Wright; 8. Elizabeth Drake, resides at Clayton, unmar ried; 9. Augustus Holmes, a lawyer by profes sion, and lieutenant of infantry, U. S. Army, European War, unmarried; 10. Mildred, died unmarried. Last residence: Clayton. ALSTON, JOHN M., farmer, was born June 16, 1850, in Georgia, and died in Barbour County; son of James A. and Rebecca J. (Nor wood) Alston; grandson of John Alston, and of Caleb Norwood; great grandson of James Alston who married a Yancey, a member of the same family to which the southern states man and orator belonged, and of John Nor wood who came from Wales and settled in North Carolina. The Alstons are descended from an old Georgia family. Mr. Alston's father was born 1815, in Elbert County, Ga„ was taken to Marengo County when a lad, and returned to Georgia, in Monroe County, where he lived with his family until his death, in 1853, which was due to a disease contracted during service in the Indian War of 1836. Mrs. Alston was born December 8, 1822, in Charlotte, N. C, lived in Tennessee, Talboton County, Ga., and in Monroe County, Ga., before her marriage, and after her husband's death moved to Sumter County, Ga., then to Bar bour County, near Spring Hill, in 1874. After obtaining a fair English education, Mr. Alston began clerking at the age of twenty-one for an agricultural firm of Atlanta. Subsequently he moved to Sumter County, Ga., and farmed for five years; moved near Spring Hill, Barbour County, and became owner of a plantation of three thousand acres. He was a Democrat, at tended every county convention during his resi dence in Barbour County; and was a steward in the Methodist church. Married: April 18, 1883, in Barbour County, Willie B., daughter of Rev. A. J. Briggs. Children: 1. James Briggs, deceased; 2. William B.; 3. Daisy Mc- Farland; 4. Jane Norwood. Last residence: Barbour County. ALSTON, JOSEPH JOHN, business man, was born May 15, 1835, at Grove Hill, Clarke County; son of William Williams and Mary Haywood (Burgess) Alston; grandson of Lem- 32 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY uel J. Alston; great grandson of Samuel Al ston, one of three brothers who came from Wales and settled in Halifax, N. O, in colonial days. He moved to South Carolina and located near the little town of Greenville, the seat of a law school, where William Williams Alston re ceived legal instruction preparatory to his graduation from the law school at Columbia. Two brothers of the English branch of the Al ston family, cousins of their Welsh predeces sors, were also early settlers of South Caro lina. Among the South Carolina members of this family were Washington Alston, poet and artist, Gov. John Alston who married Theodo- sia Burr, and Gov. Robert Francis William Alston. Joseph John Alston was prepared in the com mon schools of Clarke County. He established a boot and shoe manufactory at Selma which he conducted up until the outbreak of hostili ties in 1861. He enlisted in an artillery com pany among the first volunteer troops of Ala bama and was assigned to duty at Fort Morgan. He was subsequently given the command, with the rank of captain, of a company of infantry. At the close of the war, Mr. Alston whose prop erty had been confiscated, entered the real es tate business. He moved to Tuscaloosa and has continued his business there. Married: a Miss Jones, daughter of Charles B. Jones of Peters burg, Va. Children: 1. Josephine, m. Mr. Max well, of Tuscaloosa; 2. Caddie; 3. Samuel F., secretary and treasurer of the Tuscaloosa and Castle Hill Real Estate and Manufacturing Com pany; 4. George J., senior member of the firm of Alston & Maxwell, jewellers, of Tuscaloosa; 5. Mary Hamilton, a graduate of Tuscaloosa Fe male College; 6. Henry. Residence: Tusca loosa. ALSTON, LEMUEL J., pioneer, was born in 1760, and died in 1836, at Alston Place, near Grove Hill. He moved from Greenville, S. C, and settled on the Tombigbee River, opposite St. Stephens, in 1816. He owned two river plantations, one on the east, and one on the west side of the river. About the year 1827, he moved to a location, one mile and three quarters north east of where Grove Hill was af terwards founded, which became known as Al ston place. Married. Children: Six sons and two daughters of which Col. W. W. Alston; b. in 1799, was the only child reared. He resided on the plantation near Grove Hill at the time of his father's death and continued there for sev eral years. He married and after the death of his wife, September 21, 1841, made his home with his daughter, Mrs. Howze, until his death in 1859. Children : 1. Sarah, m. Samuel A. Fitts of Union Town, Perry County; 2. Mary, m. James A. Howze, of Clarke; 3. Laura, m. W. J. Howze of Enterprise, Miss.; 4. Cornelia, d. in 1852, m. J. J. Pegues, of Dallas County; 5. Anna; 6. Emma; 7. William, a resident of La mar County, Tex.; 8. Thomas, d. in Lamar County, Tex.; 9. Joseph, a resident of Paris, Lamar County, Tex.; 10. Dr. Alfred A., b. in 1840, studied medicine, m. Miss Ulmer, made his residence in Paris, Lamar County, Tex.; 11. Dr. Lemuel L. Alston, settled at Grove Hill as a physician in 1852, later resided at Orrville; m. in 1854, Miss Jackson, daughter of James M. Jackson of Gainestown, had three children: Mary, m. Dr. B. P. Heryer, of Tuscaloosa; Lem uel, a business man of Tuscaloosa; and Wil liam W., who while a student in the state uni versity, was shot, February 22, 1878, by a rei- low student and almost instantly killed. Last residence: Alston place, near Grove Hill. ALSTON, SAMUEL FITTS, business man, was born January 6, 1859, in Selma; son of Joseph J. and Louisa Josephine (Jones) Alston, both of North Carolina. When he was fourteen years of age, he moved with his parents to Paris, Tex., where he began work, and within two years had secured the position of deputy clerk in the district court of Lamar County, Tex. In 1879, he settled in Tuscaloosa where he was employed for several years in the express office. He purchased a bookstore with Charles Fitts as partner in 1881. Five years later he sold out his interest and entered with C. N. Maxwell in the jewelry business. He disposed of his inter est in that undertaking in the spring of 1887 and became a member of the banking house of J. H. Fitts & Company, and one of the incor porators of the Tuscaloosa and Castle Hill Real Estate & Manufacturing Company of which he was elected secretary and treasurer, and subse quently general manager. In 1896 he was elected secretary and treasurer of the Tusca loosa Cotton Mill and served in that capacity until the mill was destroyed by fire in 1897. For the next eight years he operated five ve hicle and furniture stores in Tuscaloosa, Block- ton, Brookwood, Cottondale, and Gordo. He was one of the promoters of the City National Bank and has served as vice president of that institution. He erected the Alston office build ing, known as "Tuscaloosa's first sky scraper" in 1910. He is a member of the Episcopal church. Married: in 1883, Fannie Fitts, daugh ter of J. H. Fitts, of Tuscaloosa. Children: 1. James Fitts; 2. Marilou, m. C. M. Rudulph. Residence: Tuscaloosa. ALSTON, WILLIAM JEFFREYS, lawyer, was born December 31, 1800, near Petersburg, Ga. His parents moved to Abbeville district, S. C, soon after his birth, and resided there until they came to Alabama in 1818. He was a pupil of Dr. Moses Waddell. He taught school in St. Stephens while studying law there. In 1821, he began the practice of law at Linden with competitors such as F. S. Lyon, Ezekial Pickens, and John Rains. He served several years as judge of the county court. He entered the lower house of the legislature in 1836, was returned the next year, and in 1839 began a three years' term in the senate. In 1842, he again entered the house. He was the nominee of his party for congress and was elected in 1849, defeating his competitor, Hon. Calvin C. Sellers, of Wilcox. After his term in congress had expired he was again elected to the legis lature in the lower house. After serving this term, he withdrew from public life and resided on his estate. He was a Whig until that party was absorbed in 1855. Last residence: Ma rengo. DR. JAMES K. POWERS DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 35 ALSTORK, JOHN WESLEY, bishop, African Methodist Episcopal church, was born Septem ber 1, 1852, at Talladega; son of the Rev. Frank and Mary Jane Alstork. He attended Talladega college, received the degree of D. D. from Liv ingstone college, N. C, in 1892, and that of LL. D. from Princeton College, Ind., in 1908. He was ordained A. M. E. in the Zion ministry, in 1882. He became financial secretary of the Ala bama conference from 1884 until 1892, was A. M. E., Zion connection, from 1892 until 1900; and was a presiding elder from 1889 until 1900. He was elected bishop, May 14, 1900. He served as a delegate to the Ecumenical conference held in London in 1901, and in Toronto in 1911. He is a trustee of the Livingstone college, of the Lomax-Hannon high and industrial school at Greenville, of the Langridge academy at Mont gomery, of the Atkinson college at Madison- ville, Ky., of the Censor medical college of Louisville, Ky., and is chairman of the trustees of the Hale infirmary at Montgomery. He is a member of the American Federation of Churches, of the Southern Sociological Con gress. He is director of the Loan & Invest ment company of Montgomery. He is national grand master, F. and A., Ancient York Masons, Colored, and is lieutenant commander of the supreme council, Thirty-third Degree of Ma sonry. Residence: Montgomery. ALTMAN, JOHN JASPER, lawyer, was born August 17, 1851, near York, Sumter County, and died January 21, 1905, at Birmingham; son of John Wilson and Sarah (Hitt) Altman, na tives of Marion, S. C, and of Sumter County, Ala., the former of whom emigrated to Alabama in 1836, and settled on a farm in Sumter County; grandson of John and Olivia (Flower) Altman, and of John Hitt. The great-grandfather Alt- man came from Germany at an early day and settled in Marion, S. C. Mr. Altman attended the country schools of the neighborhood until he was sixteen years old, then taught school in the county to gain funds for further schooling. He attended Spring Hill college; Starkville, Miss.; and the University of Virginia, and was graduated in law from the latter place, B. L., 1871. He practiced law at Butler in association with Thomas Cobbs, afterward chancellor of the western chancery division of Alabama, 1871- 1875; moved to Livingston, Choctaw County, entering into a partnership with Capt. Samuel H. Sprott which lasted until 1883 when Capt. Sprott was appointed judge of the sixth judicial district of Alabama; served as mayor of Liv ingston for six years; formed a partnership in Birmingham with Col. J. R. Mcintosh, 1886- 1899; with John McQueen, later solicitor of Jefferson County, 1889-1893; with Col. W. D. Bulger, 1893-1894; was elected alderman from the sixth ward of Birmingham, 1896, and repre sented that ward in the council continuously until his death; was elected to the State leg islature, 1896-1897; entered into a law partner ship with his son, John W. Altman, 1901; was elected chancellor of the northwestern chancery division of Alabama, November, 1904, and served in that capacity until his death. He was a Democratic presidential elector from the sixth congressional district when Cleveland was elected for his first term ; was a member of the Baptist church; of the Masons, Knights of Py thias, Elks, and Beavers. Married: February 24, 1876, at Livingston, Cora Adela, daughter of William and Margaret Hulda (Brewer) Lockard, of Livingston; granddaughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Halsell) Lockard, who lived in South Carolina, and of Wil liam and Anna (Bates) Brewer, who lived near Greenville, S. C. Her grandparents all moved to Sumter County before Alabama was admit ted as a state. Children: 1. Ida Lockard, m. January 26, 1905, A. D. James, resides in Bir mingham; 2. John W., lawyer, m. December 20, 1904, Myra B. Webb, resides in Birmingham; 3. Adelaide Beatrice, m. September 26, 1905, John E. Peck, resides in Birmingham. Last resi dence: Birmingham. ALTMAN, WILLIAM ALFRED, planter, merchant and member constitutional conven tion 1901, was born March 9, 1846, in Elmore County; son of John William and Sallie (Hitt) Altman, and brother of John J. Altman (q. v.). Mr. Altman served as corporal in Co. C, 40th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, from March, 1862, to the surrender, in 1865. He was a member of the constitutional convention of 1901; for sixteen years, until 1900, was on the committee of roads and rev enues of Sumter County, and a member of the house of representatives from this county, 1907. He is a Democrat, and for several years served on the Democratic executive committee of his county. He is a member of the Mis-. sionary Baptist church; is a Mason, and Knight of Pythias. Married: (1) to Roxie, daughter of Willis and P. E. Curl, of New York; (2) to Elizabeth S. and (3) to Lula, daughters of John G. and Martha Elizabeth (Colgin) Brown, of Tennessee and Greene County. Children, by first marriage: 1. Lula O, m. T. P. McGowan, deceased; 2. W. H., m, Emmie Owengs; by second marriage: 3. J. A.; third marriage: 4. Martha Elizabeth. Resi dence: York. AMASON, GEORGE, planter, was a native of this State, details of his birth and ancestry are not available. He represented Sumter County in the house, 1847. Garret says of him in "Public men of Alabama," p. 498, that he was "a bachelor, rather young on the list, had a well set figure, a pleasant face, and was always ready for fun and waggery. He was a Demo crat of old stripe, without disguise, although he made no noise about his politics. He died in the zenith of his manhood many years ago." AMERINE, EDWARD PORTER, druggist, was born in 1868 in Coffee County, son of Miles Henry and Lena (Lee) Amerine, the former a native of Georgia, a soldier in the 47th Ala bama regiment, the latter a descendant of one of the Lee family of Virginia; grandson of J. P. W. Amerine, colonel of the 47th Alabama Regiment (q. v.) and captain of the "Mont gomery Greys" from 1884 to 1889. He was edu cated in the schools of Butler and Montgomery Counties; and at the age of fifteen entered the wholesale grocery house of J. R. Warren and 36 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY company, in Montgomery, where he remained for four years. He went later into the whole sale tobacco business with his father, and then entered the drug business which he carried on for some years. He is a Knight of Pythias and Odd Fellow. Married: Zadie, daughter of W. D. Brown (q. v.). Children: 1. Warren Miles. Residence: Montgomery. AMERINE, JOHN P. W., major, 37th Ala bama infantry; colonel, 57th, also called 54th, Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. AMERINE, MILESS HENRY, merchant and mineral land salesman, was born April 21, 1847, at Camp Hill, Tallapoosa County, died Feb ruary 15, 1914, in Montgomery, and is buried at Greenville; son of John Porter Warner and. Lucy Ann White (Meadows) Amerine, the for mer a native of Tennessee, probably Paris, re moved to Troy where he practised medicine prior to 1861, was colonel of the 57th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, having risen to that rank through successive promotions from a captaincy; grandson of Henry H. and Jane (Porter) Amerine, who lived at White Plains, and of Miless Robley and Susan (Par ker) Meadows of Upson County, Ga. The Amerine family were originally from Pennsyl vania, whence descendants migrated to Ten nessee and later to Alabama. The first Amer ican ancestor was John Henry Amerine com ing upon the ship "Halifax," from Rotterdam, last from Cowes. His descendant, Abraham Amerine, served in the "Rangers on the fron tiers," 1778-83, in Bedford County, Pa. Other descendants fought in the Revolutionary Army. Family tradition preserved the statement that the family was originally from one of the Ger man speaking cantons of Switzerland. Captain Amerine received his education in the schools of Pike County, including a course in the Troy high school. He was for many years a pros perous merchant in Greenville, later removing to Montgomery, where in 1884 he became a member of the firm, J. R. Warren and com pany, wholesale grocers. Seven years later he entered the land business, specializing in the sale of mineral lands. He was captain of the "Greenville light guards," 2nd infantry regi ment, Alabama State troops, from 1876 to 1883; lieutenant-colonel of that regiment, 1883- 84; captain "Montgomery greys," of that regi ment, 1884-88. During his command of the latter the company became nationally famous for excellence in drill, receiving competitive awards of handsome swords and medals. He was elected to honorary membership in some of the oldest military organizations in the na tion. This celebrated old company at various times, while he was captain, was called upon to serve against rioters and strikers in the Birmingham district, including the famous Hawes riot, and also served to restore order during a negro uprising at Sandy Ridge. Dur ing the reconstruction disorders Captain Amer ine was wounded while aiding in the restora tion of white supremacy. He was a Democrat and an Odd Fellow. Married: May 21, 1867, in Elba, to Cynthia Selena, daughter of Charles Stephen and Mary Elizabeth (Broughton) Lee, of that place, the former a native of Virginia, soldier of the Indian Wars, and whose sons were officers in the Confederate Army, related to the distinguished Lee family of Virginia, the latter a native of Georgia, descended from a celebrated English line; granddaughter of Stephen D. Lee, of Virginia. Children: 1. Edward Porter (q. v.), secretary Georgia cas ualty company, m. Zadie Brown, Macon, Ga.; 2. Mary Elizabeth, m. William Henry Seymour (q. v.) ; 3. William Henry (q. v.) ; 4. John Lee, deceased; 5. Elizabeth, deceased. Last resi dence: Montgomery. AMERINE, WILLIAM HENRY, pharmacist, newspaper writer, commercial railway agent, author, and Red Cross officer, was born June 17, 1878, at Greenville, Butler County; son of Miless Henry and Cynthia Selena (Lee) Amerine (q. v.). Captain Amerine was edu cated in private and public schools of Mont gomery, including the preparatory school of Prof. George W. Thomas, was a cadet at the U. S. military academy, West Point, N. Y., 1898-99; qualified by State board examination as pharmacist and held a position with Steiner and Gordon, of Montgomery. He was later with the Plant system of railway hospitals at Waycross, Ga., and Montgomery, serving with that company during the yellow fever epidemic in the latter city. He was a private in the "Montgomery greys," 1897-98; second lieuten ant, "Montgomery true blues," 1908-09; cap tain, "First field company," Signal corps, Ala bama National Guard, 1914-17, the latter being a wireless telegraph company organized and trained by him, the first of its kind in the national guard of the South. For practical service to his company, he erected in 1915, a wireless telegraph station in Montgomery. communicating six hundred miles, the first of its kind in Montgomery. When the government ordered American soldiers to the Mexican bor der in 1916, Captain Amerine, with his com mand served there for several months. During the early part of 1917 the company served to maintain communication with and between the U. S. troops while engaged in action with Mex ican bandits in Arizona, receiving high com mendation from General Plummer for efficiency. Owing to failure to meet the physical tests re quired for overseas service, Captain Amerine was rejected for active military duty upon America's entrance into the European war, but being desirous to offer his services to his coun try in some active service he joined the Red Cross and served as an officer in that organ ization in Italy, Sicily, France and Germany. He was attached to headquarters, Rainbow di vision, U. S. Army, on the Rhine, for several months after the armistice. He was a repor- torial writer on the "Montgomery Advertiser," for several years prior to 1916. Before this he had been a railway clerk and agent in Ala bama and Georgia and upon his return to Mont gomery from foreign service he resumed that calling, now being commercial agent for the Seaboard air line railway. Author: "Alaba- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 37 ma's own in France," being war stories of the 167th infantry regiment, old 4th infantry regi ment, Alabama national guard, Rainbow divi sion, in the European War. This work was prepared under the authority of Col. W. P. Screws, commanding the regiment. He is a Democrat. Unmarried. Residence: Mont gomery. AMES, SILAS, physician, was born in Rich mond, Va., and died in 1859, in Montgomery. He came to Montgomery County in 1830 and practiced his profession there. He was a con tributor to the medical journals of the time, and his views on the fevers of the South, cere- bro spinal meningitis, and diseases of this type had great weight with the profession. Mar ried: Sarah Tarlton, who died in 1853. Chil dren: 1. a daughter, m. Dr. G. McCarthy Oliver of Montgomery; 2. a daughter, m. Thomas N. LeBaron of Mobile; 3. Whiting Ames, b. De cember 31, 1853, in Montgomery. He was pre pared in the Spring Hill College and at the Virginia Military Institute. He moved to Mo bile in 1865 and has since made his home in that city. In 1870, he entered the employ of Tarlton, Ledyard & Company, cotton merchants of Mobile, and remained with that firm for sev eral years. He was elected clerk of the circuit court of Mobile for a term of six years in 1886. He is a Democrat and has served as delegate to several democratic state conventions. He be longs to the order of Knights of Pythias. Mar ried: April 26, 1883, Helena P. Maguire, of Mobile, daughter of P. G. Maguire. Last resi dence, Montgomery. AMINET, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 81, and a resident of Madison County, private Virginia Continental Line; en rolled on January 5, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment received to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80.— Revolu tionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. The Democrat, Huntsville, April 11, 1833, contains the follow ing obituary: "Suddenly at his residence in this county, on the 30th of March, Mr. John Amoint (sic), in the Eighty-second year of his age — thus an other revolutionary spirit has sunk into its rest — Rarely are we called to record the death of a more virtuous man. — He has been a citizen of this county upwards of twenty years. In the domestic circle, he was a kind and tender father, and affectionate companion, a social and obliging neighbor, much beloved by numerous friends, and enemies he had none. In youth, he boldly met the foe and nobly defended the cause of liberty — few have ever so well pre pared for their last great change — he settled his earthly concerns — ate a hearty supper — called his family around him — addressed the throne of grace — lay down in perfect composure — fell asleep in the arms of his Saviour, and awoke in the Paradise of his God. Thus died Mr. Amonit, without a groan, and left a wife, four children and numerous friends to mourn their loss, which is his infinite gain, and he now reaps the just reward of his labors." This name is variously spelled as will be noted. It is also found as Amonet, Ammonet, Amonnet, Amonnette, Ominett, Ominet. AMOS, MILTON, physician and surgeon, was born in 1781, in Maryland, and died in Escam bia County, in 1875. He was educated in Mary land and received his medical training at a college in Philadelphia, Pa. In 1818 or 1819 he came to south Alabama and located first on Cotton Bluff, about twenty miles below Brook lyn, whence a year later he removed to the lat ter place. In 1835 he changed his location to Belleville, finally removing to Milton, Fla., in 1850, which town was named for him. Mar ried: in 1818 or 1819, in Jones County, Ga., to Miss Reese. Last residence: Escambia County. ANDERSON, ALFRED, physician, was born in Rockville, Md., September 2, 1800, and died in Lowndesboro, November 29, 1849; son of Col. Richard and Anne (Wallace) Anderson, of Maryland; grandson of Richard, sr., and Priscilla (Briscoe) Anderson, and of William and Susannah (Young) Wallace, all of Mary land, both families furnishing revolutionary soldiers to the Maryland line. He was educated in the Rockville schools and graduated from the University of Pennsylvania with the de gree of M. D. He removed to South Carolina in the early thirties, and from there to Livings ton. Later he acquired property in Lowndes County, and located in Lowndesboro, where he resided until his death. He was an Episcopal ian. Married: in 1840, at Brewersville, near Livingston, Elizabeth Ann, daughter of Henry and Susannah (Brewer) Boiling, the latter the widow of Samuel Boiling, brother of Henry and both members of the distinguished Boiling family of Virginia. Children: 1. Richard Henry, deceased; 2. Susan Juliet, m. Dr. Wil liam Bonnell Hall, sr. Last residence: Lowndesboro. ANDERSON, ALLIE CLETUS, teacher, was born August 9, 1886, at Watford, Geneva County; son of William Thomas and Mary Jane (Woodham) Anderson, of Georgia, who re moved to Dale County, previous to the War of Secession; grandson of Leonidas and Cola (Gray) Anderson, the former a Confederate soldier, killed in the war, and of Robert Wood- ham, Confederate soldier; great-grandson of John Gray, an Englishman, who served in the Revolution, on the American side, also in the War of 1812. He was educated in country schools; the high school, at Hartford, grad uating 1906; Howard college, graduated A. B., 1912; elected principal of Barbour County high school, July, 1912; has been teaching in coun try and graded schools of Southeast Alabama since 1904. He is a Democrat; a Mason; Knight of Pythias; Woodman of the World; and a Baptist. He is unmarried. Residence: Clio. ANDERSON, CALVIN PRICE, teacher and legislator, was born November 7, 1875, at Cloverdale, near Florence, Lauderdale County; son of John A. and Marguerite (Anderson) Anderson, of Cloverdale. He was educated in. 88 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY the common schools of his county, at the State normal college, Florence, graduating from ad vanced course in pedagogy, 1896. Engaged in teaching, August, 1896; representative in legis lature, 1900; author of bill appropriating $10,000, for repairs and enlargement of the Normal college, Florence, approved Decem ber, 1900; tax commissioner for Lauderdale, 1901. He has since the expiration of that offi cial service pursued the profession of teaching in Lauderdale and Madison Counties. He is a Democrat, and a Methodist. He is unmarried. Residence: Florence. ANDERSON, CHARLES D., colonel, 21st Ala bama infantry; major, colonel, 20th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. ANDERSON, DECATUR O, lawyer, came from Tennessee to Marengo County about the year 1840. He represented that county in the general assembly of 1843. He moved to Mobile several years later and was elected solicitor of the judicial circuit from 1851 until 1855. After his term of office expired, he practiced law in partnership with the Hon. James Bond, late circuit solicitor, in Mobile. Last residence: Mobile. ANDERSON, EDMUND, Presbyterian min ister, was born in 1816, in South Carolina, and died in September, 1885. He graduated at Franklin college, 1838, and at Columbia the ological seminary, 1844. He began preaching in Mississippi, removed to Alabama in 1850, serving Pisgah and Mt. Pleasant until 1865. He spent the rest of his life in active mis sionary work in North Carolina, Mississippi and Alabama. ANDERSON, EDWARD BUIST, teacher, was born February 1, 1868; son of James Dorroh and Sarah Scarbrough (Dudley) Anderson. He prepared in the schools of Huntsville, and re ceived the degree of B. M. E. in 1885, and that of A. M. in 1889. He was instructor in mathe matics and post adjutant at the University of Alabama from 1888 until 1889, and teacher of mathematics in Marion military institute from 1891 until 1893. He was later employed in the United States Court of Appeals at New Orleans, La., and afterward engaged in farming. He recently returned to teaching at Marion insti tute. Married: July 24, 1901, May Murfee. Residence: Marion. ANDERSON, GEORGE SMITH, Baptist min ister, who retains his residence in Alabama but whose work is conducted from an office in Little Rock, Ark., was born February 5, 1847, at Tomahawk, Pittsylvania County, Va.; son of Wat Otey and Nancy (Smith) Anderson, both of Virginia; and grandson of Jesse and Polly (Arrington) Anderson, of Franklin County, Va., and of George and Susan (Atkins) Smith, of Pittsylvania County, Va. Rev. Mr. Anderson was educated in the country schools, Richmond college, Va., and Southern Baptist theological seminary, Greenville, S. C; was licensed as a preacher in Virginia, 1867; or dained in Florida, 1872; has preached in Vir ginia, Florida, and Alabama, organizing or re-organizing churches at Demopolis, Lowndes boro, Hayneville, Newbern, and other places, and establishing Bible schools in Alabama and Mississippi; and is now field worker for the General association of Baptist churches of America. He was a corporal in Company C, 46th Virginia volunteers; later joined Gen. J. H. Morgan's cavalry; and in 1864 was in the secret service. He is a Democrat and a Mason. Author: "Sermon builder," 1892; "Sermon science," 1900; "Bible students pri mer," 1906; "Science of literature," 1912; "Adner Ward," 1910; and editor of the Land mark series of Sunday school publications and helps. Married: May 1, 1872, to Isabel Hunt, daughter of Rev. Daniel and Martha (Hunt) Speigner, at her parents' home in Orangeburg, S. C. Children: 1. George S., m. Margaret Winston, and is now deceased; 2. Daniel S., m. Alice Morris; 3. Paul O., m. the widow of his brother George; 4. Marion D., m. James Walker, of New Orleans; 5. Isabel S., m. Dr. J. C. Flippin, University of Virginia; 6. Mattie L., m. Wm. Hardie, jr., of Birmingham; 7. Benjamin N; 8. James W., 9. William R. Residence: Newbern, Ala., and Little Rock, Ark. ANDERSON, H. M., Presbyterian minister, died in October, 1888, in St. Louis; son of Rev. J. S. P. Anderson, a Presbyterian minister of St. Louis. He was educated in St. Louis; prac ticed law, 1861-69; entered the Union theologi cal seminary; was licensed by Nashville pres bytery, June 14, 1871; ordained by East Han over presbytery, October 25, 1873; preached in Virginia and Florida; removed to Alabama and supplied churches at Prattville, Lowndesboro, and Hayneville. He was married and there were several children born of this union. Last residence: Prattville. ANDERSON, JAMES THOMAS, chemist, was born December 1, 1850, at Allensville, Todd County, Ky. ; son of Francis Asbury and Mary Jane (Magill) Anderson who lived at Allens ville, Ky.; grandson of Thomas Anderson, of Dinwiddie County, Va., where his son Francis was born, later of Barren County, Ky., and of James Magill who lived near Standford, Ky. He obtained his early schooling at Allensville, Ky., and near Bowling Green, Ky.; was gradu ated from Washington and Lee university, Lex ington, Va., B. A., 1872; studied chemistry, botany, physics and astronomy at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn., receiving the de gree of Ph. D., 1879; attended Berlin univer sity, Germany, studying organic chemistry by lectures and in the chemical laboratory .under Prof. Dr. A. W. Hofmann. He taught in Go liad institute, Texas, 1875; was tutor in Van derbilt university, 1876-1879; professor of chemistry, physics and astronomy in Central college, Fayette, Mo., 1879-1886; began service on the chemical staff of the Alabama agricul tural experiment station of the Alabama poly technic institute, April 1, 1888, first as first as sistant chemist, then as associate chemist and finally as chemist in full rank; was acting state chemist during the absence of the state chemist in Germany, 1900-1901; acted as supply during DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 39 temporary vacancies in the chairs of German and geology in the Alabama polytechnic insti tute; and was a member of the lecture staff of the farmers' summer school of that institute. He is a Methodist, for more than twenty years was a member and treasurer of the board of stewards of the Auburn Methodist church, for twelve years was a member of the board of dis trict stewards of Montgomery district, Alabama conference, and was a lay member of the Ala bama conference from the Montgomery district, 1903-1904. He is a Mason with all the degrees conferable by the blue lodge, the Royal Arch chapter, and the commandery, has been a rep resentative in the grand lodge of Masons since 1909, and in the grand chapter of Royal Arch Masons since 1911. He is also a Knight of Py thias, has served as chancellor commander sev eral times, and was a member of the grand lodge in 1909 and 1913. Married: May 8, 1879, at Nashville, Tenn., Sallie Atkins Mizell, daughter of Rev. Alpheus and Mary Arabella (Atkins) Mizell of Nashville. She is a mem ber of the Daughters of the American Revolu tion, entering on the Atkins' line. Her great- great-grandfather, Robert Atkins, sat in the House of Burgesses of Virginia. A paternal ancestor was one of Gen. Lafayette's aides. She is also a United Daughter of the Confed eracy, three uncles having been killed in the War of Secession. Children: 1. James Edgar, b. September 26, 1880, d. September 18, 1881. Residence: Auburn. ANDERSON, JOHN CRAWFORD, lawyer, circuit judge and chief justice supreme court of Alabama, was born at Burton's Hill, Greene County, August 5, 1863; son of Dr. John Craw ford and Elizabeth (McAlpine) Anderson, the former a native of Spartanburg District, S. C, who removed in 1839 to Greene County; gradu ate of Jefferson medical college at Philadel phia; served in the Mexican War from Ala bama as lieutenant, and promoted regimental surgeon; grandson of James Mason and Mary Vernon (Miller) Anderson, both of Spartan burg, and of William A. and Ann (Watson) McAlpine, of Greene County; great-grandson of Maj. David Anderson, a native of Pennsyl vania, to which his parents had emigrated from Scotland, and by whom he was carried to Spartanburg, S. C, where he held both civil and military office under the Colonial govern ment, and, after the Declaration of Independ ence, was a private soldier, captain and major in the Revolutionary Army, and whose wife was a daughter of Col. Mason, also an officer of the Revolutionary Army, and also great- grandson of Solomon McAlpine and of John Watson, who were among the first settlers of what is now Greene and Hale Counties. Judge Anderson was educated in the public schools, and academies of Greene County, and in the University of Alabama, but he did not graduate in the academic department. He took a course in the law department of the University, from which he graduated in 1883, with the LL.B. degree. He practiced his pro fession in Linden and Demopolis, 1886 to 1895; was appointed and served as judge of the first judicial circuit, 1895 to 1904; elected associate justice of the supreme court in 1904 for six years; re-elected November 8, 1910; on Jan uary 15, 1914, commissioned chief justice to succeed James R. Dowdell, who had resigned; elected November 3, 1914, to complete Judge Dowdell's term, which expired in 1916. He is a Democrat; was a member of the executive committee of Marengo County for four years; and alternate presidential elector in 1892. He is a Presbyterian; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: February 24, 1897, at Tuscaloosa, to Mary Bird, daughter of Capt. E. B. and Julia (Glascock) Martin, of San Marcos, Texas, the former a captain in the C. S. Army. Children: 1. Julia; 2. Elizabeth. Residence: Mont gomery. ANDERSON, JOHN MONROE, planter, was born March 3, 1834, in Monroe County, Tenn.; son of John, sr., and March (Coker) Anderson, the former a native of Virginia, the latter a native of Tennessee, who removed at an early date to Calhoun County, where he engaged in extensive planting with slave labor; grandson of William Anderson, a Revolutionary soldier. He was educated in the common schools of Calhoun County; engaged in planting, until 1861, when he enlisted in Co. E, 1st Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army, and was Gen. Wheeler's escort. He was made captain of Co. E, on the promotion of Captain Reese to regimental command; served through the Atlanta, South Carolina, into North Carolina campaigns, where the command was surrend ered. He returned to Calhoun County, resumed farming, and in 1865, was elected sheriff, but resigned the office rather than levy on the property of the ruined people of his county, many of them his comrades-in-arms, or their widows. In 1867, he removed to Montgomery, where he located permanently. He was elected to the house of representatives in 1886. He was a Whig, but after 1865, a Democrat; a Mason. Married: in 1869, to Clementine J., daughter of Rev. Alexander A. and Ellen (An derson) Wells, of Calhoun County, the former a minister of M. E. church, South. Last resi dence : Montgomery. ANDERSON, ROBERT W., Methodist minis ter; member of the North Alabama conference, Methodist Episcopal Church. Residence: Syla- cauga. ANDERSON, SVEN JOHN, merchant, was born in Sweden, in August, 1829; son of Peter and Margaret (Svenson) Anderson, natives of Sweden. He was reared on a farm, and re ceived his education in the common schools of Sweden. In 1849 he came to America and located in Wayne County, Miss, whence he removed, in 1851, to Mobile. There he en gaged in the grocery business for eleven years. He served in the home guards in the War of Secession. On close of hostilities he engaged in dealing in grain and feed, and removed to Montgomery in 1872, where he engaged in the mercantile business until his death. Married: in 1856, to Margaret H. O'Neal. Children: 1. Olivia E.; 2. Octavia, m. C. E. Whetstone of Montgomery; 3. John M.; 4. Jeannette, m. C. 40 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY R. Wescott; 5. Albert Massie; 6. Charles Fred erick; 7. William O. Last residence: Mont gomery. ANDERSON, WILLIAM HENRY, physician, was born May 6, 1820, at Norfolk, Va., and died November 14, 1887, at Mobile: son of Leroy Hammond and Hannah (Southgate) Anderson, the former a classmate of John Randolph of Roanoke, Va., and Gov. Tazewell, at William and Mary College, and one of the founders of the University of the South, Suwanee, Fla.; grandson of James Anderson, who was King's armorer at the outbreak of the Revolutionary War, and was taken prisoner by the British because of his services as artificer to the Americans; and of Wright Southgate, an officer in the British navy, who emigrated to America. The Andersons are of Scotch-Irish descent and came to this country about two hundred years ago. Robert Anderson, uncle of William Henry, and adjutant-general in the War of 1812, at one time made a gallant dash with three hundred men and put to rout three thousand British troops. William Henry Anderson received his early education from private tutors under his fath er's direction. He was graduated from William and Mary college, 1841, and from the Univer sity of Virginia, M. D., 1842. He became resi dent physician at the Baltimore almshouse hospital, 1843, and later spent a year at the University of the City of New York, visiting Bellevue hospital daily with a private instruc tor. From 1846 until late in 1849, he studied medicine and natural history in Europe, spend ing a year in Paris attending the lectures of Roux, Velpeau, Jobert, Couveihier, Andral, Ma- gendie, and Claude Bernard. On his return to America, he practiced in Mobile. From 1853 to 1857, he was associated with Dr. G. A. Ketchum. He took an active part in the or ganization of the Medical college of Alabama, and was professor of physiology from its foun dation in 1858, until he became dean of the faculty in succession to Dr. I. C. Nott, the first dean. Dr. Anderson was a member of the origi nal committee appointed by the State Medical Association to ascertain the number of insane persons in the state, whose report resulted in the establishment of the Alabama insane hos pital, opened at Tuscaloosa, July, 1861. He en tered the C. S. Army as surgeon of the Twenty- first Alabama regiment, and after three months service, was made medical purveyor of the military district commanded by Gen. Bragg. He established a chemical depot at Montgom ery, and in 1865, when Gen. Wilson was threat ening that city, moved twenty-eight carloads of medical stores to Macon, Ga., where he was overtaken when Gen. Wilson raided that city. He was a member of the State Medical Associa tion of the Mobile Medical Society and of the American Medical Association. He is author of "A Detail of Experiments, by Magendie and Bernard, on Living Animals," American Jour nal of Medical Sciences; "Scarlet Fever," New Orleans Medical Journal; "A Biographical Sketch of the Late I. C. Nott," and numerous other articles. He was one of the medical di rectors and examiners of the Alabama gold life insurance co., and was an Episcopalian. Married: December 24, 1852, Ann Louisa Witherspoon, daughter of Dr. John Ramsey and Sophia (Graham) Witherspoon, of North Caro lina, and a descendant of John Witherspoon, one of the signers of the Declaration of Inde pendence. Children: 1. Clara Southgate, Mo bile; 2. Leroy Hammond, d. in infancy. Last residence: Mobile. ANDERSON, WILLIAM M., Baptist minister, was born August 17, 1867, at Mt. Vernon, Ky.; son of Rev. Abijah and Margaret (Seale) An derson, of Rockcastle, Ky.; grandson of Rev. William, sr., and Nancy (Cheek) Anderson, of East Tennessee. He was educated in the rural schools of Estill and Madison Counties, Ky.; received the B. S. degree from Carson college, Jefferson City, Tenn., 1895, and grad uated from the Southern Baptist theological seminary, Louisville, Ky. He began preach ing in 1892, while still a student; his first church call was to the First Baptist, Oklahoma City, Okla., where he remained nine years; Pater Park church, St. Joseph, Mo.; First church, Dothan; Fifty-sixth, Birmingham. He is a Democrat and a Baptist. Married: Decem ber 31, 1896, at Evergreen, La., to Mary Octavia, daughter of Joshua Burdett and Eugenia (Pearce) Kemper, descendants of Revolution ary soldiers. Children: 1. Paul Kemper; 2. Eugenia; 3. William Clark. Residence: Bir mingham. ANDERSON, WILLIAM STRUDWICK, law yer and circuit judge, was born February 27, 1848, at Demopolis; son of Decatur C. and Re becca (Strudwick) Anderson (q. v.). He had excellent educational advantages during his earlier years, four of which were spent under Prof. Henry Tutwiler at Green Springs school. About the close of the war, he entered the Vir ginia military institute at Lexington for one term; returned to Mobile to study law in his father's office; in 1872 graduated in law at Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn.; and in the same year was admitted to the bar. He immediately located in Mobile in practice with his father, and continued until 1895, when ap pointed circuit court judge to fill an unexpired term of Judge James T. Jones, and was elected in 1898, and served six years. He was a Pres byterian; a Knight of Pythias; an honorary member of the "Mobile Cadets" in which or ganization he was formerly first lieutenant. Married: February 7, 1882, to Warrene, daugh ter of Warren P. and Martha Anderson, whose ancestors were of Virginia and Kentucky ances try. Warren P. Anderson served in the Semi nole War. Residence: Bay Minette. ANDREW, EDGAR CECIL, druggist, was born October 3, 1853, in Snowdoun, Montgom ery County, and died in Montgomery, Octo ber 3, 1916; son of James Timothy and Harriet Mildred (Taylor) Andrew; grand son of William and Ann ficott (McGehee) Taylor of Snowdoun, and of Dr. Moses and Ann (Walton) Andrew of Lowndes County, the latter a member of the noted Walton fam- GENERAL EDMUND W. RUCKER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 43 ily of Georgia; great-grandson of Abner Mc- Gehee of McGehee's Switch (q. v.) ; first-cousin of Bishop James O. Andrew, M. E. church, South. He was educated in the private schools of Montgomery, headed respectively by Profes sors Savage, Sobieski, Lipscomb, Bragg and Miss Kellogg. He studied pharmacy, and re ceived his certificate as a druggist, in 1867, be ginning his career as a clerk in Metcalf's drug store. He entered business for himself on Commerce street, and later removed to Court Square, where he conducted a successful drug business until his death. He was a charter member of the Montgomery Greys, at their re-organization after the War of Secession; a Democrat; a Knight of Pythias; and an Epis copalian. Married: November 17, 1881, in Montgomery to Fanny Sayre, daughter Charles Henry and Fanny Adelaide (Sayre) Schroeder, the former of Baltimore and the latter of Mo bile, a granddaughter of William and Frances Marsden (Baker) Sayre, of Connecticut Farms, New Jersey, among the early settlers of Montgomery, and one of the founders of the First Presbyterian church. He built the "First White House of the Confederacy," and here entertained Lafayette, on his visit to Montgomery in 1825. Children: 1. Edgar Cecil, jr., died in infancy; 2. Elizabeth, m. Richard Scott Goldthwaite; 3. Mildred Taylor, m. Dr. William Beverly Westcott. Last residence: Montgomery. ANDREW, JAMES OSGOOD, bishop, Metho dist Episcopal church south, was born May 3, 1794, in Wilkes County, Ga., and died March 1, 1871, in Mobile; son of Rev. John and Mary Overton (Cosby) Andrew, the former a native of Midway, Liberty County, Ga., and a soldier in the Revolutionary War, a minister in the Methodist Episcopal church, and a school teacher; grandson of Benjamin Andrew of Mid way, Ga., and of Charles and Mary (Overton) Cosby, of Covington, Ga.; great-great-grandson of Sir Robert Overton. The Andrew and Cosby families both came originally from England. The Andrews came to America with the Dor chester colony which settled in Massachusetts, moved later to Dorchester, S. C, and finally to Liberty County, Ga. The Cosbys first settled in Virginia. James Osgood Andrew received his early edu cation in his father's school. As he was the eldest of a large family, he was forced to leave school after a short attendance. He entered the ministry early in life; was licensed to preach in 1812; was appointed to the Salt Ketcher Circuit as assistant preacher, and a year later, to Bladen Circuit as preacher. At that time, Georgia was included in the terri torial limits of the South Carolina Conference, and his ministry was for many years in that state. He was ordained deacon in 1816, and elected bishop in 1832 by the general conference at Philadelphia. The holding of slaves by his wife was the immediate occasion of the division of the Meth odist Episcopal church into the Northern and Southern branches. The long controversy over slavery in the church came to a head in 1844 when Bishop Andrew, who had recently mar- Vol. Ill— 4 ried a lady who owned slaves, was asked to re sign. His resignation was prevented by the Southern delegates who protested against the action of the general conference. The final de cision of the matter resulted in the division of the church and property, and in May, 1846, the Methodist Episcopal church, south, was organ ized in conference at St. Petersburg, Va. Bishop Andrew was elected senibr bishop of this body and presided over it until his death. In 1866, he retired from active duty at -his own request, because of ill health. He was a frequent contributor to the publi cations of the Methodist Episcopal church, pub lished "Andrew's Miscellanies" and "Family Government." Married: May 1, 1816, in Charleston, S. C, Ann Amelia, daughter of Alexander and Katherine McFarland of Charleston, S. O, who were of Scotch descent and came from England to Charleston, S. C, early in life. Children: 1. Elizabeth Mason, d. near Oxford, Ga., in 1857, m. Robert Watkins Sovett; 2. Sarah Howard, d. in Auburn, 1895; 3. Henrietta Lucy, d. near Oxford, 1862, m. Thomas Meriwether; 4. Catherine Amelia, d. in Charleston, S. C, in infancy; 5. Ann Amelia, d. in Sayannah, Ga., in infancy; 6. Mary Overton, d. in Augusta in infancy; 7. Mary Catherine, deceased; 8. Octavia Osgood, m. John Wesby; 9. Rush, Mobile; 10. James Osgood (q. v.), d. in Gadsden, May 27, 1907, m. Mary Gray, of Covington, Ga. Last residence: Mobile. ANDREW, JAMES OSGOOD, Methodist min ister, was born at Oxford, Ga., and died May 27, 1907, at Gadsden; son of James Osgood and Ann Amelia (McFarland) Andrew (q. v.); grandson of John and Mary Overton (Cosby) Andrew, of Covington, Ga., and of Alexander and Katherine McFarland of Charleston, S. C, who were of Scotch ancestry; great-grandson of.,Benjamin Andrew, and of Charles and Mary (Overton) Cosby; great-great-great-grandson of Sir Robert Overton. James Osgood Andrew, jr., prepared in a school in Oxford, Ga., then entered Emory college. He left without finish ing his course in order to join the C. S. Army. He returned to Emory college after the war was over, and was graduated there. He served under Lamar in Cobb's Legion of Georgia troops and was wounded at the battle of Sharpsburg. He became a minister of the gos pel, a member of the Alabama conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, south, and filled several important stations until the fail ure of his health forced him to give up his work. He was for four years editor of the "Ala bama Christian Advocate," published in Bir mingham by the Alabama conference. He also contributed many articles to current journals and wrote several poems which he never pub lished. He was agent for the Southern Uni versity, Greensboro, for several years, was a Democrat and a Mason. Married: At Apple Grove, Ga., 1872, Mary Cynthia, daughter of Rev. Albert and Pamelia (Thomas) Gray, of Apple Grove, near Covington, Ga. Children: 1. Annie Gray, deceased; 2. Elizabeth How ard, m. Walter Evans Striplin, has three sons, resides at Gadsden; 3. James Osgood, 44 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Gulfport, Miss.; 4. Albert Hilary, Birmingham. Last residence: Gadsden. ANDREW, W. G.. captain, C. S. Army. Resi dence: Montgomery. ANDREWS, ALLEN SKEEN, Methodist min ister, president of Southern university, was born August 18, 1824, at "Eden," the country home of his father in Randolph County, N. C, and died in Union Springs, December 4, 1898; son of Hezekiah and Delany (Dukes) Andrews, the former spending his life of seventy-two years as a farmer near Ashboro, N. C, and of maternal ancestry who served in the Revolu tionary War, Capt. Brit Fuller of Gen. Greene's army being a near relative. He was reared on a farm in his native state; attended common schools; and graduated at Trinity college, be ing tutor as well as student, A. B., 1854; and received the honorary degree of A. M., 1857, from Centenary college, La. Before complet ing his college course he began teaching in 1845, and joined the North Carolina confer ence, Methodist Episcopal church, South; from 1850 to 1852 he was a professor in the Greens boro female college; after graduation he was transferred in 1855 to the Alabama conference, and was in charge of Glenville collegiate in stitute from 1855 to 1857; president Southern university at Greensboro, 1870-4, and 1883-1894; and a delegate in 1881 to the Ecumenical con ference in London. Dr. Andrews served pas torates at Mobile, Eufaula, Dayton, again at Mobile, Montgomery, Opelika, Selma, and Union Springs. It was while at the last named place that he died and he is there buried. In 1881, the "Alabama Christian Advocate" was established at Birmingham, and Dr. Andrews became the first editor. The Southern univer sity conferred the degrees of D. D., 1870, and LL. D., 1888, and the last degree was also conferred the same year by the Agricultural and mechanical college, now the Alabama poly technic institute. Married: (1) to Margaret Claudia, daughter of William and Nancy (Brown) Leach, who lived at Lansdown, near Trinity College, N. C; (2) to Virginia Frances, daughter of Llewellen and Eliza Dandridge (Jarrett) Hudson, of Columbus, Ga., and grand daughter of Archelaus and Sarah Booker (Bibb) Jarrett, of Elbert County, Ga., the lat ter the half sister of Gov. Wm. Wyatt Bibb (q. v.). Children of first marriage; 1. Mar garet Elizabeth, m. (1) Rev. Robert Taylor Nabors; (2) William W. Brandon (q. v.); 2. Julian Leach, d. young; by second mar riage: 3. Rev. William Franklin, B. E., 1883, University of Alabama, and A. M., 1886, South ern university, m. Laura Seay; 4. Lila Lea, m. Arthur Peach, son of John H. Peach (q. v.) ; 5. Leigh, deceased; 6. Rev. Dr. Allen Llewellen, graduate of Southern university, 1887, member Alabama conference, and transferred to the north Texas conference, m. Hassie Martin; 7. Julian Leigh, a lawyer at Sheffield, graduate Southern university, 1893, and in law at Uni versity of Alabama, 1895; m. Nona, daughter of William and Lou (Rogers) Banks of Hurts- boro; 8. John Holtzlaw, a teacher in Arkansas. Last residence: Union Springs. ANDREWS, CHAMPE SEABURY, lawyer and soldier, as a young man resided in Ala bama; was a student at the Alabama poly technic institute, 1890-94, graduating with the degree of B. S.; captain of the Third Tennessee infantry, U. S. V, 1898-99; later the counsel for the Medical society for the county of New York; president of the New York Auburn alumni association; past commander of the New York Spanish War veterans; and a mem ber of the law firm of Sturcke and Andrews. Residence: New York City. ANDREWS, D. W., Primitive Baptist minis ter of west Alabama. Author: "The History of David, or The Preacher's looking glass, together with a short history of the rise of the North River Association," published in Tuscaloosa, 1885. ANDREWS, ELIZA FRANCES, author and teacher, for many years a resident of Mont gomery, was born August 10, 1840, at Wash ington, Ga.; daughter of Garnett and Annulet (Ball) Andrews, both of Georgia; and the sis ter of the late Maj. D. Marshall Andrews, of Montgomery. She was educated at the Girls' seminary, Washington, Ga., received the degree of A. B. from La Grange college, Ga., 1857; and the honorary degree of A. M. from Wesleyan college, Macon, Ga. She began her work first as a teacher in 1871 at Washing ton seminary; 1872-73, was principal of the girls' high school of Yazoo City, Miss.; 1874- 1881, principal of Washington seminary; 1885- 98, teacher at Wesleyan college; 1898-1903, teacher in the high school, Washington, Ga.; 1904, teacher, Patton seminary, Dallas, Tex. She is a botanist, lecturer and socialist; and a contributor to magazines and the newspaper press. She was on the staff of the "Augusta Chronicle," 1883-84, and of the "Sunny South," Atlanta, 1885-87. Author: "A family secret," 1876; "A practical course in botany;" "A mere adventure," 1879; "Prince Hal, or the romance of a rich young man," 1882; "The story of an ugly girl;" "Botany all the year round," 1903; "The war time journal of a Georgia girl," 1908; "How he was tempted," in "Detroit Free Press," 1878; and "The mistake of his life," in Chau- tauquan Magazine, 1898. The War time jour nal is of much historical value as a graphic and reliable contemporary record. The work of Miss Andrews in botany has brought her into wide general notice in the scientific world. Residence : Rome, Ga. ANDREWS, GARNETT, major, lieutenant- colonel, 8th Confederate battalion infantry, C. S. Army. ANDREWS, GLENN, physician, State prison inspector, was born March 7, 1862, in Tuske gee; son of Dr. Mark Samuel and Sarah Sum- merfield (Glenn) Andrews (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of Auburn and Selma; at the Alabama polytechnic insti tute; and at Vanderbilt university, from which he received the A. B. degree 1883. On March 6, 1886, he was graduated from the medical DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 45 department of the University of the City of New York, and in April of the same year he began the practice at Montgomery, where he has since resided. He was president of the Montgomery County medical society 1893; member college of counsellors, 1893; member county board of public health, 1896; member State board of censors; member American medical association; city physician of Mont gomery, 1893-1899; president medical associa tion of Alabama, 1902; county health officer, 1909; and surgeon of the "Montgomery True Blues" for a number of years. While serving as city physician of Montgomery, he systema tized and reorganized the work of the health department; on September 1, 1918, he was ap pointed by State board of health as State prison inspector to succeed Dr. W. W. Dins- more, resigned; and, on the reorganization of the office in 1919, whereby its duties were in part placed under the State board of control, he was continued in charge of the work. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and a member of the Knights of Pythias, and of the Knights of Honor; brought about the establishment of a union slaughter house; introduced a system of meat inspection; inaugurated the inspection of dairies, dairy products, and dairy cows for tuberculosis; and effected many other reforms in sanitation and public health. Married: in Montgomery, April 27, 1892, to Lucy Holt, daughter of James R. and Fannie A. (Leak) Warren, (q. v.) both of that city. Children: 1. Glenn, jr.; 2. James Warren; 3. Paul L.; 4. Mary Frances. Residence: Montgomery. ANDREWS, H. M., Methodist minister; mem ber of the Alabama conference, Methodist Epis copal church, South. Residence: Wetumpka. ANDREWS, J. L., lawyer. Residence: Shef field. ANDREWS, MARK SAMUEL, teacher and Methodist minister, was born February 23, 1826, in Oglethorpe County, Ga., and died May 14, 1898, in Mobile; son of Mark and Mary (Smith) Andrews, the former a native of Prince Edward County, Va., who after his marriage removed to Oglethorpe County, Ga., where the larger number of his fifteen chil dren were born, and in 1834 settled in Cham bers County; grandson of John and Edith (Strange) Andrews, who lived in Prince Ed ward County, Va., the former a Revolutionary soldier, and of Robert and Hannah (Andrews) Smith, of Cumberland County, Va.; and the great-grandson of Mark Andrews, of Essex County, Va. The Andrews family, to which this branch belonged, came to America from Surrey County, England. He attended the schools of his native county, and of Oak Bow ery, Chambers County, a town noted for its ex cellent school. He graduated from Emory college, A. B., 1848, and later the honorary degree of A. M. was conferred by his alma mater, during the presidency of Judge Long- street. He taught school both in Oak Bowery and in Montgomery before beginning the study of law, which he had chosen as his profession. However, he early responded to the divine call of the ministry, and did not complete his law studies. He entered the Alabama confer ence, Methodist Episcopal church, South, 1852 session, at Marion; was appointed to serve the church at Eufaula; and in 1854, was sent to Tuskegee. It was during that year that the Alabama conference female college at Tuske gee, forerunner of Woman's college of Alabama, was projected. He was appointed by the con ference to raise funds for the college, and on the completion and the opening of the school, he was made dean of the faculty, with Dr. A. A. Lipscomb, president. At the close of the first session he was by request returned to the active ministry. During his long service he filled many prominent places, both stations and districts in the Alabama conference, namely: 1857, Dayton; 1858-59, Franklin Street, Mobile; 1860, Macon, Miss.; 1861-62, Tuskegee; 1862-63, chaplain in the C. S. Army; 1863, Opelika; 1864-66, Auburn; 1867-70, Mont gomery district; 1871, Selma district; 1872-75, Selma Station; 1876-78, Montgomery district; 1879-1882, Court Street, Montgomery; 1883- 84, Eufaula; 1885-88, St. Francis Street, Mo bile; 1889-1892, Pensacola district; 1893-94, Prattville district; 1895-97, Eufaula; and 1898, Mobile district; was chairman of the board of missions for many years; was very active in the educational interests of both church and state; five times he was elected a delegate and three times ah alternate delegate to the Gen eral conference; was sent as a delegate to the first Ecumenical conference of Methodist churches of the world, which met in Lon don, 1881; and assisted in raising funds for the establishment of the East Alabama male college at Auburn, and the Southern univer sity at Greensboro. He was chaplain of the 12th Alabama infantry regiment, 1861-62, Army of Northern Virginia, but served a time only. He was originally a Whig, but after the war he united with the Democratic party. He was a Mason. Married: December 6, 1854, at Auburn, to Sarah Summerfleld, daughter of John Bowles and Maria (Allen) Glenn (q. v.). Children: 1. Mary Cornelia, deceased, m. Alfred G. Ward, of Mobile; 2. Julia Maria, d. unmarried; 3. Mark Samuel, m. Lura Lee Cameron, resides in Mobile; 4. Glenn, m. Lucy Warren (q. v.) ; 5. William Thomas, unmarried, resides in Washington, D. C; 6. Paul, m. Elizabeth Grey Atkinson, resides in Salt Lake City, Utah; 7. Sarah, m. Herbert Counsell Williams, resides in Bay City, Calif. Last residence: Mobile. ANDREWS, ROBERT, merchant and register in chancery, was born August 10, 1842, at Flor ence, and died June 10, 1918, at the same place; son of Robert and Martha (Jackson) Andrews, the former a merchant and farmer, a native of Pennsylvania who later resided in Florence, the latter a native of Tennessee; grandson of James and Sarah (Moore) Jackson (q. v.), the latter a descendant of Governor Moore of North Carolina. Captain Andrews was educated in Florence and in the Bingham and D. H. Hill schools in North Carolina. At the age of eight een he entered tlie Confederate Army as a pri vate and rose to a lieutenancy and finally to 46 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY captaincy of Co. E, 27th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army. He was wounded and cap tured at Fort Donelson and confined as a pris oner of war for seven months; was wounded at New Hope Church, May, 1864, and confined to a hospital six months; and surrenderd at Jackson, Miss., September 16, 1865. He mer chandised at Clinton, Greene County, one year, 1865-66, and then removed to Jonesboro, Jeffer son County. He finally settled in Lauderdale County and engaged in the insurance business, 1872-1878; became mayor of Florence three terms, and register in chancery of the county more than twenty years; and served two years as U. S. commissioner. He was a Democrat; Presbyterian; Mason; Elk. Unmarried. Last residence: Florence. ANDREWS, WILLIAM THOMAS, Methodist minister, was born September 28, 1838, near Athens, Limestone County; son of David and Eliza (Brown) Andrews; grandson of David Brown. He was educated in the schools of Giles County, Tenn.; studied for the ministry; and was licensed to preach in the Methodist Episcopal church, south, at Elkton, Giles Coun ty, Tenn., 1856; was local minister for four teen years; joined the North Alabama confer ence in 1870, serving as itinerant minister for thirty-seven years; became superannuated min ister in the same conference, 1907. He is au thor of "A Waif — A Prince," the story of the infant life of Moses, and of a pamphlet entitled "Interviews with Jesus." He compiled and edi ted "Memorial Sketches," giving a brief outline of the lives of the ministers who served in the North Alabama conference from 1870 to 1912. He is a Democrat, a Mason and an Odd Fellow. Married: 1856, in Giles County, Eliza Catha rine, daughter of James C. and Margaret C. (Brown) Stevenson of that county; grand daughter of Duncan and Margaret Brown; niece of Neil S. Brown and John C. Brown, for mer governors of Tennessee. Children: 1. James David, m. Lula Maxwell, resides in Nashville, Tenn.; 2. John Beverly, m. Clem C. Canthern, resides in Silvan Springs, Ark.; 3. Charles Fletcher, m. Iva Moores, resides at Fort Worth, Tex.; 4. William Brown, m. Margaret Martin, resides at Waco, Tex.; 5. Milton, m. Maud Felten, resides at Blount Springs. Resi dence: Birmingham. ANDREWS, WILLIAM THOMAS, banker, was born February 26, 1867, at Oakbowery, Chambers County; son of William Anthony and Mary (Harwell) Andrews, the former of Mil- ledgeville, Oglethorpe County, Ga., who removed to Oakbowery in 1836; grandson of Mark S. and Mary (Smith) Andrews of Georgia and Ala bama, and of Rev. Samuel and Emma (Slaugh ter) Harwell of Opelika, the former an itiner ant Methodist preacher, a member of the North Georgia conference; served as many as twenty- eight different churches at one time, and re moved to Opelika, late in life. The Andrews family is of Scotch stock. Representative An drews was educated in the public schools, and attended the University of Alabama, 1885-6; began the mercantile business at Oakbowery in the fall of the latter year; removed to Gold Hill, Lee County, three years later; in 1907 located in Opelika where he assisted in organ izing the Farmer's national bank, of which he was made active vice-president; was tax as sessor of Lee County for two terms; treasurer of Lee County and of the Lee County high school funds; and a representative in the leg islature from Lee County, 1915 and 1919. He is a Methodist; Mason; Knight Templar ; Shriner; Knight of Pythias; Woodman of the World; and an Elk. Married: October 25, 1892, at Gold Hill, to Addie Neal, daughter of Nathaniel M. and Rebecca (McCurdy) Robertson of that place; and granddaughter of Edward S. and Mary J. (Harris) McCurdy of LaGrange, Ga., and Daniel S. Robertson of Chambers County. No children. Residence: Opelika. ANGLIN, THOMAS NEWTON, pharmacist, real estate and insurance dealer, was born October 14, 1832, at Shelbyville, Tenn., and died October 16, 1904, in Birmingham; son of John and Sarah (Hamilton) Anglin, natives of Tennessee, who later resided in Texas. He studied medicine and pharmacy, but never practiced the former; conducted a drug store in Jacksonville during the War of Secession, and later in Talledega; removed to Birming ham during the second boom in that city; and made such judicious investments in real estate, that he was enabled to retire from business several years before his death. On account of his profession he was excused from active military service, but was a strong Confederate sympathizer. He was a Presbyterian; a Demo crat; and a Mason. Married: at Columbiana to Lucy Stone, sister of Judge James T. Leeper (q. v.), and daughter of Samuel and Ellen (Stone) Leeper, of that place. Children: 1. Mary, m. Frank White; 2. Thomas L., m. Elizabeth Enslen; 3. Ellen, m. Judge Samuel D. Weakley (q. v.) ; 4. Eula, m. Joseph P. Mudd, son of Judge Wm. S. Mudd (q. v.). Last residence: Birmingham. APPLEBY, FLAVIUS THOMPSON, teacher, was born April 2, 1875, at Lewisburgh, Tenn.; son of Samuel Argyle and Rebeckah (Ewing) Appleby, the former a native of Verona, Mar shall County, Tenn., who lived at Lewisburgh, and was a farmer and stock breeder; grandson of Samuel Bell and Emma Jane (Ewing) Ap pleby, of Verona, Tenn., and of Lyle A. and Re beckah (Leiper) Ewing, who lived at Farming- ton, Tenn. His great-grandfather, John Apple by, came with two brothers from Appleby, Westmoreland County, England, to South Caro lina soon after the Revolution, and from there moved to Tennessee. The brothers went one to Pennsylvania, and the other to Georgia. His great-grandfather, John Leiper, was the foun der of the Leiper's Mill community in Tennes see, and one of the founders of the old Pres byterian Church Bethberei. Mr. Appleby at tended the country schools near Lewisburgh, Tenn.; was graduated from the University of Tennessee, B. S., 1901; took graduate work in Columbia University, New York, and spent three summers at Winona Lake summer school, Indiana. He began teaching in a dis trict school in Tennessee; then in a village DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 47 school in the same state; became teacher of mathematics in Elmwood seminary for young ladies, Farmington, Miss.; was elected presi dent of that school, and held the position for four years; came to Alabama as superintendent of Tuscumbia city schools, 1906-1910; served as president of LaFayette college; and was elected superintendent of city schools at Florence, 1919. Mr. Appleby succeeded in building up a library in four of the schools with which he has been connected, and instituted manual training in the schools of LaFayette. He is a member of the National educational associa tion; of the Alabama text book commission; and vice-president of the Alabama educational association. He is a Democrat; a Presbyte rian; and a Mason. Married: (1) December 23, 1902, at Campbellsville, Ky., Mary Grider Mourning; (2) January 6, 1909, at Tuscumbia, Ella Henry Johnson, daughter of Col. William A. and Kate (Barton) Johnson, who lived at Tuscumbia. Children, by first wife: 1. James Mourning. Residence: Florence. APPLEGATE, ANDREW J., lieutenant gov ernor of Alabama, 1868-1870; was born October 14, 1833, near Georgetown, Brown County, O.; and died August 21, 1870, at Mobile; son of Benjamin and Rebecca (Hall) Applegate, of Tuckahoe Ridge, Mason County, Ky. The Ap plegate family came from Holland and settled in Pennsylvania. Later one branch emigrated to Kentucky and from there Benjamin Apple- gate moved to a farm near Georgetown, O., where he reared a large family. Andrew J. Applegate obtained his early edu cation in the public schools of Georgetown, O., and later studied and practiced law there. He enlisted in the fourth Independent company, Ohio volunteer cavalry, July 9, 1861; was ap pointed sergeant and later quarter master ser geant. On the expiration of his term of service, July 16, 1864, he was mustered out at Cincin nati. On re-entering the service, he was com missioned captain, Co. H, 189th Ohio volunteer infantry, March 6, 1865, and was mustered out September 28, 1865. He began the practice of law in Huntsville in 1866, and the following year was elected a member of the constitutional convention called under the reconstruction acts to frame a new constitution for the state. In the ensuing election he became lieutenant governor of the state, August 13, 1868. He was a Repub lican and a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Married: September 7, 1858, at Bradysville, Adams County, O., Lucinda, daughter of James and Margaret (Boyles) Connor of Bradysville, O. She was of Scotch- Irish descent, her parents being among the first settlers of Adams County, O. Children: 1. Ida M., Manchester, O.; 2. Harry, Manchester, O. Last residence: Mobile. APPLETON, JOHN BULOW, teacher, Bap tist minister, was born April 13, 1827, in Abbe ville District, S. C, and died October 18, 1908, at Collinsville; son of Grigsby and Eliza (Wal ler) Appleton, who lived at Greenwood, S. C, and later moved to DeKalb County, the former a native of England, and the latter of Virginia, a member of the Waller family of that state; great-grandson of Rev. John Waller of Virginia, the Baptist preacher. He attended the country schools of the Abbeville District, S. C; and Greenwood academy; commenced the study of ancient languages in Lumpkin, Ga., under Al- pheus Baker, Sr., and finished the course in the Hearn school, Cave Springs, Ga., with Alfred J. King and John S. Ingraham as tutors. After finishing his schooling, he taught for three years in Georgia; then taught in conjunction with his former preceptor, John S. Ingraham, for two years at Cave Springs, Ga.; came to Alabama and taught for several years at Col linsville. He was ordained to the ministry in 1855, and served at the First Baptist church of Collinsville for thirty-five years with but two or three years intermission; was elected to the State legislature, 1870-1872, and 1890- 1892; and was county superintendent of edu cation for six years. He was a Democrat, and a Mason, serving as secretary of his lodge for about forty years. Married: January 13, 1853, at Cave Springs, Ga., Martha Frances, daugh ter of James and Ollie Ellis, of that place. Her maternal grandmother was a Varner, of Scotch ancestry. Children: 1. Amelia Frances, m. W. P. Jones, Collinsville; 2. James Grigsby, Collinsville; 3. Lois, deceased, m. W. T. Watts of Macon, Ga.; 4. William Newton, Collinsville; 5. John Ellis, Collinsville; 6. Susan E., de ceased, m. T. H. Stephens of Kuner; 7. Thomas Hayne, m. Emma Coker, Collinsville; 8. Charles Eugene, Alabama City. 9. Martha B., m. W. J. Wheeler, Commerce, Tex.; 10. Eliza Varna, m. B. N. Pierce, Valley Head. Last residence: Collinsville. APPLING, DANIEL, soldier, was born August 25, 1787, in Columbia County, Ga., and died at Fort Montgomery, March 18, 1817. He entered the U. S. Army in 1808, as a lieutenant. On the outbreak of the War of 1812, he was a major in command of a detachment of 130 riflemen, sent from Oswego, N. Y., by way of a flotilla loaded with cannon, ammunition and naval stores, for the unfinished ship "Su perior," at Sacketts Harbor. Unable to run the blockade of the British, Maj. Appling laid in ambush and captured the British force, landed his supplies and delivered them. His conduct won the thanks of congress, a hand some sword and promotion to lieutenant-colonel, later, he again distinguished himself at the battle of Plattsburg, and was made colonel. June, 1816, he resigned from the army, came from Georgia to the new settlement of Mont gomery, where he resided until his death. "He left no male heir to inherit his name and his glory." His congressional sword, not deliv ered until after his death, hangs on the wall of the Georgia historical society, Savannah, Ga. Last residence: Montgomery. APPLING, J. B., probate judge of Henry County. Republican. APPLING, WILLIAM B., lawyer, was born December 18, 1841, in Chickasaw County, Miss., and died in Jasper; son of Richard and Jaley (Eurbry) Appling natives of Alabama; grand- 48 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY son of William and Elizabeth Appling, and of Britton and Catherine Eurbry, of Georgia. He was reared in Alabama and educated in private schools of that state; enlisted in Lumsden's battery of light artillery, C. S. Army, at the outbreak of the War of Secession, and served with that battery until the surrender. He fought at Corinth, Perryville, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, was with Joseph E. Johnston on his famous retreat, with Hardee, and with Hood. He studied law, was granted a license to practice and established himself at Jas per. He was appointed solicitor of Walker County in 1870; resigned that position in 1872; and for several years was register in chan cery. He practiced law in Jasper until his death. He was owner of extensive tracts of land in Walker County as well as consider able town property in Jasper. He was a Demo crat; a member of the Missionary Baptist Church; and a Mason. Married: 1868, Mattie W., daughter of Waller Cummins, of Tennes see. Children: 1. Etta; 2. Waller; 3. Myra; 4. William J.; 5. Mattie J.; 6. Newberne M.; 7. Edmund W. Last residence: Jasper. ARBERRY, WILLIAM BUCHANAN, physi cian; graduate of the Vanderbilt university, 1882, and entered upon the practice at Macon that year. Residence: Jacksonville. ARCHIBALD, JAMES H., planter, was born December 9, 1849, in Greene County; son of Samuel Stewart and Jane (Summerville) Arch ibald, the former a native of Eutaw, Greene County, born in 1826, died in 1872; the latter a native of South Carolina, born in 1825; grand son of James Hall and Mary (Steele) Archi bald (q. v.) ; and of Robert and Mary Sum merville, of Pickens County. His father was a veteran of the Mexican War and the War of Secession. He received his early education from Pleasant Ridge Academy. He was reared on a farm and raises Jersey cattle on his farm near Pleasant Ridge. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Married: In 1883, Mary E. Murphy, born in Greene County in 1858, a daughter of Dr. Samuel S. Murphy. She died July 18, 1887. Children: 1. Wilbert. Resi dence: near Pleasant Ridge. ARCHIBALD, JAMES HALL, pioneer, died in 1864, near Pleasant Ridge, Greene County; came to Greene County from Iredell County, N. C, in 1819. His parents emigrated from England and settled in North Carolina. Mar ried: in Greene County, 1821, Mary Steele, who died in 1844. Children: 1. Edwin Addison, b. July 11, 1822, d. August, 1870; A. B., A. M., 1849 ; was principal of the Pleasant Ridge high school from 1853 until 1870; m. Ellen Jane Hood, at Bethany; 2. Abner Alexander, b. De cember 10, 1824, d. April 9, 1861; A. B., A. M., 1851; was principal of the Eutaw high school, Pleasant ridge academy, 1853-61; m. April 10, 1856, at Eutaw, Anna B. Hatfield; 3. Sam uel Stewart, b. 1826, at Eutaw, Greene County, d. September 12, 1872; was a soldier in the war with Mexico and a lieutenant in the C. S. Army, serving from 1863 until the close of the war; became a planter; m. in 1849, Jane Sum merville, daughter of Robert and Mary Sum merville of Pickens County; had six children; James H. (q. v.) planter; William Pratt (q. v.), teacher, m. Mary E. Patton; Robert S., mer chant, Pleasant Ridge; Bettie S., m. J. J. Chiles; Andrew B., farmer, Pleasant Ridge; Mattie J.; 4. Andrew Brown, a merchant, who died while held a prisoner of war at John son's Island in 1864. Last residence: Greene County, near Pleasant Ridge. ARCHIBALD, ROBERT MURRAY, Metho dist minister, was born January 28, 1869, at Pleasant Grove, Pickens County; son of Rob ert Washington and Silena (Herndon) Archi bald. The former a native of Iredell County, N. O, and later moved to Raleigh, Pickens County; grandson of Thomas Archibald, of North Carolina. The Archibald family came from Scotland to North Carolina and later re moved to Alabama. They were rigid Presby terians. He went to school at the age of six to Prof. S. H. Knox, and attended the country schools during his boyhood. At the age of eighteen he became a student under Joe Lovett, at Arkadelphia, and later attended the South ern university at Greensboro. He was licensed to preach at Greensboro, February 8, 1889, and joined the Alabama conference at Decatur, De cember 3, 1891. He served in the pastorate for sixteen years, his last pastorate being Alexan der City. He has since served as conference missionary secretary for the North Alabama Conference. Married: at Brookwood, June 22, 1893, Loula, daughter of Samuel and Mary W. (Gothard) Freiley, of Dayton, Tenn. Children: 1. Miriam; 2. Julia Belle; 3. Robert Lambuth; 4. Elizabeth. Residence: Birmingham. ARCHIBALD, WILLIAM PRATT, teacher, was born October 14, 1851, at Pleasant Ridge, Greene County; son of Samuel Stewart and Jane (Summerville) Archibald, the former who was born at Eutaw, Greene County, 1826, and died September 12, 1872; grandson of James Hall and Mary (Steele) Archibald (q. v.); and of Robert and Mary Summerville of Pickens County. His father was a veteran of the Mexi can War and the War of Secession. He received his early schooling from his uncles, Abner and Addison Archibald, and in 1873, was graduated, A. B., from Davidson college, N. C. Following his graduation he taught school in his native county for thirty-nine years. He was appointed superintendent of education in Greene County in 1902 and served in that capacity continu ously until 1917. He is a Democrat and an elder in the Presbyterian church. Married: October 16, 1880, at Knoxville, Mary E., daughter of Hon. T. J. and Jane Patton of Knoxville; granddaughter of Dr. William Pat ton who came to Greene County from Indiana in 1822. Children: 1. Jennie, m. Dr. Patton Bell, Northport; 2. Mary Ella, m. Lorgus Barnes, Northport; 3. Walter, farmer, Knox ville; 4. David Sanderson, attended the Pres byterian college, Anniston. Residence: Knox ville. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 51 ARD, ERASTUS BYRON, physician; graduate of the medical department of Vanderbilt univer sity, 1887, and entered upon the practice that year. Residence: Ozark. ARENDS, JOHN N, business man, was born April 14, 1824, at Aachen, Prussia, and died February 9, 1890, at Brewton. He received a fair education; was apprenticed to a machinist at an early age; moved from Germany to Paris, France, for three years, working in the latter place as a machinist; returned to Germany, and with his brother-in-law, started a machine shop of his own; emigrated to America, land ing in New York in the spring of 1856; moved to Cincinnati, 0., then to Mobile, where he con ducted a machine shop for a number of years; became manager of a wire mill in Greenville, March, 1865; superintended the building of a mill at Brewton, 1867, engaged in the mercan tile business at Brewton; served as postmaster of Brewton, 1870-1890; built part of the hotel property known as Hotel Arends, 1881; was a Republican and a Catholic. Married: (1) 1848, in Aachen, Prussia, Theresa Bouvet, of French birth, who died of yellow fever during the scourge of 1858, at Mobile; (2) December 26, 1864, at Mobile, Margaret (Brady) Farrell, born May, 1832, in County Cavan, north Ireland, daughter of Thomas and Bridget Brady, whose ancestors had been residents of that part of the county for centuries; who came to America1 in 1849 with the- family of an uncle, lived in Springfield, Mass., for a year, then moved to St. Louis, Mo., where she was married, May, 1854, to Philip Farrell and bore two children to this marriage, Philip who died of yellow fever in" 1883, and Annie who married John T. Hairston. Mr. Arends had born to him, by his first wife, four children; by his second wife, one child; Aloise, m. James Sowell. Last resi dence: Brewton. ARMBRECHT, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer, was born February 9, 1874, at Port Chester, N. Y.; son of Caesar and Annie (Kraft) Arm- brecht, respectively of Hamburg, Germany, and Portchester, N. Y., the former of whom came to America in 1861, was a soldier in the War of Secession, was wounded at Malvern Hill and Antietam, and after the war was a successful cigar manufacturer in New York until 1880, when he moved to Cumberland Plateau, Tenn.; grandson of Conrad and Johanna Armbrecht, the former of whom was a noted German edu cator. He received his early education in the public schools of Knoxville, Tenn., and under the private tuition of his father. After grad uation from high school in 1888, he studied stenography and from 1889-1897 was employed as stenographer, first by Mcintosh & Rich, at torneys, Mobile, then by the Mobile & Ohio Rail road, and finally by E. S. Russell of Mobile. He studied law with the latter, and was' admitted to the bar, June, 1897. He became personal in jury attorney for the Mobile & Ohio Railroad, 1898-1900; was a member of the firm of Stoutz & Armbrecht, Mobile, 1900-1902; and served as U. S. attorney of the southern district of Ala bama, 1904-1911. Mr. Armbrecht was special assistant attorney general of the United States in 1906, and again from 1909-1912. While serving in that position, he prosecuted the Honduras lottery company for the U. S. gov ernment, 1906, with the result that all the prin cipals were convicted and fined sums aggregat ing two hundred seventy-six thousand dollars, the largest fine ever collected to that time by the government, and the lottery was completely broken up. He was a member of the law firm of Inge & Armbrecht, 1904-1915, and since that time has been a member of the firm of Arm brecht, Johnston & Mitchell. He reorganized and was vice president of the Meridian light & railway company, Meridian, Miss., 1901-1910, when his associates sold holdings to Henry L Dougherty & company, of Wall Street, New York, N. Y., and reorganized and became di rector of the Robinson land & lumber com pany, Chicora, Miss., in 1913. Mr. Armbrecht has served as president of the Mobile Cham ber of Commerce, and of the Business League. He is a Republican; an Episcopalian; and vice president of the Laymen's Church Exten sion Organization of Alabama; is a thirty- second degree Mason and a Shriner; and is a member of the Athelstan and Rotary Clubs of Mobile. Married: December 1, 1897, at Mobile, to Anna Bell Paterson, daughter of Alexander J. and Mary Paterson. Children: 1. Conrad P • 2. Mary Bell; 3. Elizabeth Ann; 4. William h", jr. Residence*: Mobile. ARMES, ETHEL MARIE, author, was born in Washington, D. C; daughter of George Augustus and Lucy Hamilton (Kerr) Armes, the former a native of Richmond, Va., in his seventeenth year volunteered for service as a private in the Union Army during the War of Secession, served throughout that struggle and at the close was an officer in the Second N. Y. heavy artillery, acted as aide-de-camp for several months to Gen. Hancock, was sev eral times wounded; transferred to the regu lar army with the rank of lieutenant, served on the western frontier, was wounded sev eral times in fights with the Indians and men tioned in general orders for bravery in the field; promoted captain, major and colonel; and is the author of "Ups and downs of an army officer;" the granddaughter of Josiah Orcutt and Caroline Olive (Older) Armes, of Goshen, Mass., later residents of Virginia, Washington City and New York State, the lat ter the daughter of a Mohawk Indian chief, and of John Bozman and Lucy Hamilton (Ste vens) Kerr, who lived on the eastern shore of Maryland and in Washington, D. C; great- granddaughter of John Leeds and Sarah Holi day (Chamberlain) Kerr, the former a repre sentative in congress and a United States sena tor from Maryland, and of John and Cecelia Wynne (Brickell) Stevens, natives respectively of London, England, and Murfreesboro, N. C; great-great-granddaughter of David Kerr, a native of Dumfries, Scotland, an early emi grant to Maryland, and his wife Rachel, sis ter of John Leeds Bozman, the first historian of Maryland. Miss Armes received her early 52 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY instruction from her mother, and private to- tors; attended the Holy Cross academy, the Mt. Vernon seminary, the public schools, all in Washington, D. C; Gauquier female insti tute at Warrenton, Va., the Corcoran art school and Columbia college, now George Washing ton university. She began her professional career as a feature writer on the "Washing ton Post," 1898, and the following year be came a reporter and feature writer on the "Chicago Chronicle" where she remained until 1900, after which she returned to the "Wash ington Post." During 1902-04 she devoted her self to special feature and magazine work; was on the staff of the "Birmingham Age- Herald," 1905-06; edited "Advance" in 1906; and in 1907 under the auspices of the Birming ham chamber of commerce she began the study of the industrial history of Alabama, out of which grew the preparation of "The story of coal and iron in Alabama," a monumental work, published in 1910. After one year of necessary rest she took up her literary work and became a sociological writer in the em ploy of the Alabama coal operators association. During 1912-14 she was sociological writer on the staff of the "Birmingham News," and for three years following did magazine and histori cal work in the Alabama and Massachusetts field as well as newspaper feature work. She has also published a "Midsummer in Whit- tier's country." She is a charter member of the Birmingham equal suffrage Association, of the Alabama equal suffrage association, of the Birmingham association of social workers and the Alabama sociological congress. In 1913 she received a certificate from the U. S. Bureau of mines for completing a course in mine rescue work at the West End station, Birmingham, the only certificate ever given by that bureau to a woman. After a careful investigation into the living conditions of the miners of Alabama she advocated their im provement through the organization of miners' unions, and in January 1913, she addressed the United mine workers of America in Indiana polis, on that subject. She was among the early and most zealous advocates of legal reforms in Alabama in relation to child labor, the loan shark evil, fake damage suits, the smoke nuisance, and other social and indus trial evils. Residence: Birmingham. ARMISTEAD, EDWARD HERBERT, Con federate soldier, was born November 18, 1839, in Greene County, and died December, 1864, after the battle of Franklin; son of William and Lucy (Boyd) Armistead who lived at New Kent County, Va., until 1833, when they moved to a plantation in Greene County; grandson of Robert Burbage and Mary (Semple) Armistead of New Kent County, Va., and of Robert and Eliza (Rowe) Boyd, who lived at "Liberty Hall," King and Queen County, Va.; brother of William B. Armistead (q. v.) and of Robert Burbage (q. v.) ; brother-in-law of Judge El more J. Fitzpatrick (q. v.). William Armi stead, the founder of the American branch of the family, emigrated from Kirk Deighton, Yorkshire, England, about 1635, to Virginia, and settled in Gloucester County where he received large grants of land. Col. Armistead received his preliminary education in Mont gomery, but before he was ready for college, the War of Secession broke out He enlisted in the Twenty-second Alabama infantry regiment, became its lieutenant, was appointed captain and assistant commissary of subsistence, No vember 1, 1861, and resigned February 11, 1862, having been elected captain of Co. D of that regiment, January 11, 1862. He was pro moted to major of the Twenty-second Alabama regiment, February 11, 1864; was wounded at the battle of Franklin, Tenn., November 30, 1864, so severely, that he died from his wounds less than a week later. His commission of lieu tenant-colonel was authorized by the C. S. A. war department January 19, 1865. He was a member of the Protestant Episcopal church, and was unmarried. Last residence: Mont gomery. ARMISTEAD, ELLIOTT S., merchant and farmer, was born in 1860, near Snowdoun; son of Dr. William B. and Eliza C. (Scott) Armi stead (q. v.) ; the former a native of New Kent County, Va., and the latter a native of Mont gomery County; grandson of Col. William Armistead, and of Gen. Thomas B. and Martha G. (Marks) Scott, natives of Scottsboro, Ga., who came with their parents to Alabama, the former was a member of the legislature from Lowndes County when the capital was at Tus caloosa, was a brigadier-general of state troops, and an active politician; great-grandson of Gen. John and Eliza (Coleman) Scott, the for mer a native of Virginia, a near relative of Gen. Winfield Scott, and one of the original contractors and founders of the Montgomery and West Point railroad, the first railroad in the state. Elliott S. Armistead received his schooling at Mount Meigs and Montgomery. He was reared on a farm and began life for him self at the age of seventeen years as a clerk and bookkeeper in Montgomery. In 1889, he established himself in the mercantile busi ness. Six years later he moved to Pike Road where besides conducting his mercantile busi ness, he owns a large farm and manages other farms besides his own. On August 1, 1892, he was elected tax collector of Montgomery Coun ty for four years. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the A. L. of H., and was for a time an honorary member of Lomax fire company, and assistant chief of the fire depart ment. He is a member of the Episcopal Church. Married: in 1881, Rosa L., daughter of Alexander and Mary Wilson, natives of Lowndes County, a graduate of Montgomery home college. Residence: Pike Road, Mont gomery County. ARMISTEAD, ROBERT BURBAGE, lawyer and Confederate soldier, was born November 16, 1826, in New Kent County, Va., and was killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862; son of William and Lucy (Boyd) Armistead, the former a na tive of New Kent County, Va., where he lived until 1833, when he moved his family and slaves to Greene County, became a planter in that place and served as U. S. marshal of his district; grandson of Robert Burbage and Mary DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 53 (Semple) Armistead, of New Kent County, Va., and of Robert and Eliza (Rowe) Boyd, who lived at "Liberty Hall," King and Queen Coun ty, Va.; brother of William B. Armistead (q. v.), and of Col. Edward Herbert Armistead (q. v.). The name Armistead was well known in England during the reign of Queen Eliza beth. William Armistead, the emigrant and founder of the family in America, came to Virginia about 1635 from Kirk Deighton, York shire, England, and settled In Gloucester County. He received large grants of land, and died before 1660. His son, John Armistead, was in 1680, lieutenant colonel of horse in Gloucester County, and one of the justices of the peace. His daughter, Judith, married Robert Carter, known as King Carter, and her tombstone is still standing. Maj. Armistead was prepared for college In the schools of Vir ginia, and was graduated from William and Mary college. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in Mobile, and practiced in that city. He was elected solicitor of the sixth dis trict over Leonard F. Summers. At the begin ning of the War of Secession, he enlisted as a, private in the Mobile Cadets, April, 1861, and went with them to Virginia as a part of the Third Alabama regiment. After serving seven months, he was commissioned major, October 25 1861, and returned to Mobile, where with Col Deas and others, he raised the Twenty- second Alabama regiment. He received a mor tal wound at the battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862 went to the hospital unattended, called for pen, ink and paper, wrote his will, and calmly awaited death, which came twelve hours after he was struck. He was buried in Oakwood cemetery, Montgomery. He was a Roman Catholic, and unmarried. Last resi dence: Mobile. ARMISTEAD, WILLIAM, soldier of the American Revolution, a native of Virginia was probably born in 1762 and died in Clarke County, March 1, 1842. He came with Ins sons Robert, Westwood, and John to Alabama and settled in Clarke County, where he is buried near Amity church, eight miles from Grove Hill He was married twice and had tnree sons and three daughters. His second wife was named Elizabeth. One daughter married John Morriss another Edmund Waddell and the K Dr Neal Smith all of North Carolina whose families settled in Clarke County. Last residence: Clarke County. ARMISTEAD, WILLIAM B., physician, was born January 18, 1830, in New Kent County Va and died in Montgomery County, son oi Col" William and Lucy (Boyd) Armistead, whose ancestors were early settlers of Vir ginia Col. William Armistead came to Ala bama from Virginia in 1831 and settled in one of the western counties of the state. Later he moved With his family to Montgomery County and bought a plantation about ten miles south of the city. He was appointed United States marshal of the middle district of Alabama by Kaent0 Tyler. Dr. Armistead was born while his parents were on a visit to Gen. Cham berlain in New Kent County, Va. The family home of the Armisteads was at this time "Lib erty Hall," in King and Queen County, Va. He received his early education at William and Mary college, Va., and upon his gradua tion took up the study of medicine. He prac ticed his profession in Montgomery County un til the War of Secession when he found it necessary to devote all of his time to his plant ing interests. He superintended the work of vast farms and numerous laborers and tenants. The act of manumission had little effect on the relations between Dr. Armistead and his negroes, and about the house and in the fields of Armistead, labor was always abundant. He was the first democratic tax collector of Mont gomery County after reconstruction. Col. Robert Armistead (q. v.) and Maj. Her bert Armistead (q. v.), brothers of Dr. Armi stead, were killed in battle, upholding the cause of the south, the former at Shiloh and the latter at Franklin. Robert had been a lawyer at Mobile, and Herbert, a merchant. He had four sisters: Lucy, deceased, who mar ried Capt. Richard Goldthwaite, formerly of Montgomery; Rosalie, who married the late Capt. Elmore J. Fitzpatrick (q. v.), of Mont gomery; Mary, who married Phil H. S. Gayle; and Elizabeth, widow of the late Col. P. Tucker Sayre. Married: in 1858, Eliza Cam illa (Scott) Knox, widow of Joseph Knox, daughter of Gen. Thomas B. and Martha G. (Marks) Scott, both born in Scottsboro, Ga.; grand-daughter of Gen. John Scott, of Va., who was a near relative of Gen. Winfield Scott. She died in 1880. Children: 1. Rosalie, d. in early childhood; 2. Elliott (q. v.), m. Rosa L. Wilson; 3. George Mathews, b. November 18, 1861, a planter. Last residence: Montgom ery County. ARMSTRONG, D. C, merchant, was born 1841, in Walker County, Ga.; son of Henry Holcomb and Elizabeth (Sloan) Armstrong (q. v.) ; grandson of Rev. James and Elizabeth (Giles) Armstrong, and of Adam and Rosa (Barry) Sloan; brother of Henry Clay Arm strong (q. v.). He received his schooling at Notasulga; at Ervin college, Tennessee; and at Rome, ,Ga.; enlisted in the C. S. Army, 1861, joining Co. B, Sixth Alabama reserves, in which he remained until after the first battle of Manassas; went to the front and took part in the fight of Seven Pines; participated in nearly all of the engagements of the Virginia campaign, including Antietam and Gettysburg, was severely wounded and captured at Gettys burg; was confined in Baltimore for a time, then released; went to Texas where he spent four years in the hide and wool business; re turned to Alabama, becoming occupied as a merchant at Loachapoka, Lee County, for a few years; located in Florida for four years; and finally settled in Notasulga, where he be came engaged as a merchant and farmer. He is a Mason, and has served as worshipful mas ter of Loachapoka lodge. Married: 1872, Susie R., a native of Stewart County, Ga., daughter of Maj. H. E. J. Harris of Georgia. Residence: Notasulga, Macon County. 54 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ARMSTRONG, HENRY CLAY, superintend ent of education, grand secretary, Masonic grand lodge of Alabama, was born June 1, 1840, at LaFayette, Walker County, Ga., and died December 17, 1900, at Auburn; son of Henry Holcomb and Elizabeth (Sloan) Arm strong (q. v.), of Georgia and of Notasulga, Macon County; grandson of Rev. James and Elizabeth (Giles) Armstrong of Savannah, Ga., and of Adam and Rosa (Barry) Sloan, of Edgefield District, S. O; brother of D. C. Arm strong (q. v.). He attended school in Nota sulga, taught by William Lee and Fletcher Yarborough, and later by Joel Lee; entered Howard college, Marion, 1854, attending there for two years; studied law privately; enlisted in the C. S. Army; was elected captain of But ler's Rifles, at Garland; assigned to Gen. Holtzclaw's brigade; later was aide to Gen. Wirt Adams of Forrest's command; was brevetted major but retained the rank of cap tain. He practiced law at Tuskegee for three or four years; was elected to the legislature from Macon County, 1874; served as State superintendent of education of Alabama, 1880- 1884, during which time he was influential in the establishment and location of Booker T Washington's school; was elected to the State legislature from Lee County, serving as speaker of the house, 1884; was appointed by Presi dent Cleveland U. S. consul general at Rio de Janeiro, 1885-1889, and served as charge d'affaires during the later year of his consul ship; and was a member of the board of trus tees of the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1890- 1898, and 1900. Capt. Armstrong was a Mason; was raised to Master Mason, 1865; exalted to the Holy Royal Arch, 1866; Knight Templar and member of the council, 1868; was grand high priest of the grand chapter for three years; junior and senior grand wardens, deputy grand master, and grand master, respectively, for two years; and at the time of his death was grand secre tary of the grand chapter, grand council, grand lodge, and grand recorder of the grand com- mandery. He was a Democrat and a Metho dist. Married: Mary Hulda, daughter of Briton Dixon and Rebecca Ann (Kirk) Harris of Oak Bowery. The Harris family were of English ancestry, and came to Alabama from Troupe County, Ga. Children: 1. Briton Dixon, deceased, m. Mattie Mae Kimball, At lanta, Ga.; 2. Henry Clay, jr., (q. v.); 3. Wil liam Kirk, deceased, m. Lyda Sutfield, Wash ington, D. C; 4. Ralph Calloway, deceased; 5. Frank Harris, m. Bessie Tillman, Athens. Last residence: Auburn. ARMSTRONG, HENRY CLAY, Jr., teacher, was born January 7, 1870, at Notasulga, Macon County; son of Henry Clay and Mary Hulda (Harris) Armstrong (q. v.); grandson of Henry Holcomb and Elizabeth (Sloan) Arm strong (q v.), of LaFayette, Ga., and Nota sulga, and of Briton Dixon and Rebecca (Kirk) Harris, of Oak Bowery; great grandson of Rev. James and Elizabeth (Giles) Armstrong, and of Adam and Rosa (Barry) Sloan. He was prepared at Notasulga, by Miss Alice Arm strong, his only teacher before entering col lege; was graduated from the Alabama poly technic institute, B. S., 1887; was a student in the historical and political department of Johns Hopkins university, studying under Dr. Herbert B. Adams, Dr. Richard S. Ely, and Woodrow Wilson. He became instructor in English and history, Alabama polytechnic in stitute, 1889-1892, and was librarian of the in stitution, 1890-1892; was the Alabama repre sentative of Ginn & co., educational publish ing house, 1892-1893; U. S. consul, Grenoble, France, 1893-1895; secretary of the U. S. lega tion, Madrid, Spain, 1895-1897, insurance broker, Paris, France, 1897-1898; captain of the Third regiment, Alabama volunteer infan try, July, 1898 to March, 1899, Spanish-American War; principal, Rome high school, Georgia, 1899-1900; founder and principal, Pensacola classical school, 1900. He is a Democrat and a Mason. Married: December 1900, at Rome, Ga., Janet Williams Penn, daughter of John Wilson and Nancy Liddell (Cleghorn) Penn, who lived at Trion, Ga. Residence: Pensa cola, Fla. ARMSTRONG, HENRY HOLCOMB, business man, was born March 7, 1810, at Savannah, Ga., and died October 20, 1886, at Notasulga; son of Rev. James and Elizabeth (Giles) Arm strong, of Savannah, Ga., the former a native of Hempstead, N. Y., a Baptist minister of eastern Georgia, whose father came to Amer ica from Scotland, the latter a descendant of French Huguenots who emigrated to this coun try. When Mr. Armstrong was two years old, his parents moved to Wilkes County, Ga., where he was reared and educated. He was elected to the Georgia legislature from Wilkes County, and served in the same session with Alexander H. Stephens. He moved to Clay ton, Rabun County, Ga., where he followed the mercantile business, 1838; located at LaFay ette, Walker County, Ga., some time later; came to Alabama in 1843, settling in Macon County as a farmer and merchant; and lived there until his death forty-three years later. He was a member of the Baptist church and a Mason. Married: 1835, in Wilkes County, Ga., Elizabeth S., daughter of Adam and Rosa (Barry) Sloan, of Edgefield District, S. C. Children: 1. Mrs. T. P. Harvey, Rome, Ga.; 2. James, Main City, Mo.; 3. Capt. Henry Clay (q. v.) ; 4. D. C. (q. v.) ; 5. Mrs. E. Dellridge; 6. A. S., deceased, served with Gen. Ross during the War of Secession; 7. R. D., deceased; 8. Mrs. Corrie Reese, Rome, Ga.; 9. R. T., Rome, Ga. Last residence: Nota sulga, Macon County. ARMSTRONG, JAMES, editor, was born Sep tember 7, 1855, at Hillsboro, Lawrence County, and died October 20, 1911, at Scottsboro; son of James and Lucy (McKissack) Armstrong; grandson of Andrew and Jane (Berry) Arm strong, and of Col. Archibald and Susan (Har rison) McKissack, the latter a member of the famous Harrison family which gave two pres idents to the United States. The McKissicks were relatives of Gen. Winchester of the Revo lutionary War. Mr. Armstrong was educated in the common schools of Scottsboro; and at DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY DO the East Tennessee university, Knoxville. In 1877, he established the "Scottsboro Citizen," and was its editor and publisher continuously until his death. He was elected to the house of representatives, of 1907, from Jackson County; during the 53rd and 59th congresses he held a government position in Washington. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; a Knight of Pythias; and a Knight of Honor. Married: May 18, 1880, at Decatur, to Malie, daughter of Phil. H. and Lizzie N. (Moore) Henderson. Children: 1. Phil. H.; 2. Andrew; 3. Henry C; 4. Marie. Last residence: Scottsboro. ARMSTRONG, JAMES KING, teacher, was born October 18, 1824, and died August 28, 1878, at Grenada, Miss.; son of Harville and Mary White (King) Armstrong, of Pine Apple; grandson of Rev. James King, who preached the first sermon in what is now Montgomery. He augmented his early schooling by a col lege course, and was graduated, A. B., 1844, and A. M., 1849, from the University of Ala bama. He was appointed professor at the Cen tenary institute in 1850, and served on the faculty of that institution for two years, when he became president of the Marion female sem inary. He held that office for fourteen years, then was chosen to preside over the LaGrange female college, Georgia, from 1866 until 1868; was president of Union female college, Eufaula, from 1868 until 1870; of Athens female college for the next three years, and then of Grenada female college, where he re mained from 1876 until his death. He was a minister in the Methodist Episcopal church, south. Married: (1) at Uniontown, 1850, Lucy Bondurant; (2) June 16, 1864, Isabella (Fowlkes) Parish. Last residence: Grenada, Miss. ARMSTRONG, JAMES M., lawyer, was born September 7, 1824, at Hillsboro, Lawrence County, and died at the same place, September 11, 1855; son of Andrew and Jennie (Berry) Armstrong, the former a native of Botetourt County, Va., who early removed to Jefferson County, Tenn., thence to Alabama Territory in 1812, finally locating in Lawrence County as one of its early settlers, where he lived until his death. James M. Armstrong was a lawyer, practiced in Moulton and Hillsboro; repre sented Lawrence County in the legislature of 1851-52; was an elector on the Pierce and King presidential ticket in 1852. He was a Demo crat, but opposed the doctrine of secession, and was favorable to the compromise measures of 1851. Married: December 27, 1852, at Hernando, Miss., to Lucy, daughter of Archibald and Susan McKissack, of Pulaski, Tenn., and grand daughter of Thomas McKissack, a native of Scotland. Children: 1. Andrew, d. in infancy; 2. James (q. v.), m. Mary Lee Henderson. Last residence : Hillsboro. ARMSTRONG, JAMES W., member constitu tion convention, 1819, from Montgomery County. ARMSTRONG, SAMUEL, Methodist minister; pastor Court Street Methodist church, Mont gomery, 1841. ARMSTRONG, THOMAS KING, Methodist minister, was born September 29, 1832, in Wil cox County, and died June 21, 1912, at Birm ingham; son of Harville and Mary W. (King) Armstrong, of Pine Apple, Wilcox County; grandson of Rev. James King, of Conecuh County, who was one of the pioneer preachers of two states, the first ordained preacher in Wilmington, N. C, and later the first resident minister of Montgomery. He gained his early schooling in Wilcox County and from his brothers, William and James King Armstrong, then attended Centenary college, Louisiana, from which institution he was graduated, A. M. Soon after his graduation, he began to teach near Hamburg, and in 1863, taught with his brother, James King Armstrong, in Marion female seminary, remaining on the faculty there until the spring of 1867. He farmed in the black belt of Alabama, between Greensboro and Demopolis, and, in 1871, bought from Foot & Malone of Mobile, a half interest in the plan tations of the late Col. Barney. He farmed there until 1874, when he was elected presi dent of Mansfield female college, Louisiana, and was licensed to preach while president of that college. He resigned from that position in 1880; taught in the Alabama central female college at Tuscaloosa, and in Birmingham, un til 1884, when he entered the North Alabama conference as an itinerant Methodist minister. His first charge was at Tuscumbia, which he served for two years and three months, 1884- 1886. At that time, Rev. Mr. Law, then in charge of the church at Decatur, resigned his position, and Bishop Wilson, of the Methodist Episcopal church, south, appointed Rev. Mr. Armstrong to succeed him. Mr. Armstrong was stationed at the Methodist church at Deca tur during the scourge of yellow fever in 1888. He was in charge of Decatur Station, 1887- 1889; of the Gadsden Station, 1890-1892; of St. Johns, 1896; of Lafayette Station, 1897- 1898; of Elyton, 1899; and of Fayette Station, 1900. In 1901 he asked to be placed on the superannuate roll, in which relation he con tinued to the end of his life. He was editor of the "Christian Advocate," for three years, and was a Mason. Married: July 26, 1860, at Greensboro, Martha Louisa, daughter of Rev. John and Louisa (Williams) duBois of Greens boro, the former the inventor of the duBois cotton gin; granddaughter of Josiah and Judith (Elmore) Williams, and of Peter and Anne (Clarkson) duBois; great-grandniece of Gen. J. Elmore. Children: 1. Marielou, m. Chappell Cory, Birmingham; 2. Samuel du Bois, m. Kate J. Finn, Decatur; 3. Weemes Herndon, d. in infancy. Last residence: Birm ingham. ARMSTRONG, WILLIAM PARK, banker. was born May 7, 1843, at Knoxville, Tenn., and died January 5, 1901, at Selma; son of James H. and Anne Eliza (Park) Armstrong, of Knoxville, Tenn.; grandson of Robert Arm strong, and of William and Jane Crozier (Arm strong) Park. His early education was ac quired in the schools of Knoxville and at the East Tennessee university, Knoxville. At the age of sixteen, he entered Princeton college, 56 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY New Jersey, with the class of 1862, and left the school in 1861 to enter the C. S. Army. He enlisted, was placed under Gen. Zollicoffer at Fishing Creek, and was beside that officer when he fell mortally wounded in that battle; was assigned to duty on the staff of Maj.-Gen. John P. McCown as aide-de-camp with the rank of lieutenant; and after the battle of Murfrees boro, was commissioned captain by the secre tary of war, with instructions to raise a com pany of cavalry for independent and scouting service. He remained at the head of this com mand to the close of the war, his company be ing during the last year, a part of Gen. Vaughan's cavalry brigade. Capt. Armstrong surrendered with Gen. Warford at Kings ton, Ga., May 1865. He had taken part in the battles of Shiloh, Perryville, Fish ing Creek, Wildcat, Murfreesboro, and in numerous fights and skirmishes; was wounded so seriously at Wilsonville, Tenn., that he was left for dead on the battlefield; was under command of and in company with Gen. John H. Morgan, when that officer was assassinated. After the close of the war, Capt. Armstrong accepted a position as traveling salesman in the south of the wholesale shoe house of Ran som & Sons, New York City, and was occupied in that fashion until 1867, when he accepted a position in the banking house of Maj. Isbell, his father-in-law, at Talladega. He became cashier and secretary of the Selma fire and marine insurance company, then doing a gen eral banking and insurance business, 1868. Two years later the insurance business was dropped and the City bank of Selma came into existence, with Maj. James Isbell as president and Capt. Armstrong as cashier; a year later that bank was merged into the City national bank, and on the death of Maj. Isbell in 1871, Captain Armstrong was elected president. He held that position until his death, and was at the same time, president of the Isbell national bank of Talladega. In 1886, Princeton col lege conferred upon him the degree of M. A. honoris causa. He was a Democrat, ruling elder in the Presbyterian church, and a Mason. Married: December 20, 1866, Alice, daughter of Maj. James and Rutelia (Houston) Isbell, of Talladega. Children: 1. James Isbell, d. in youth; 2. Naomi, d. in youth; 3. Rutelia, d. in youth; 4. William Park, minister, instruc tor in theology in the Princeton theological seminary, m. Rebecca S. Power, at Prince ton, December 8, 1904, resides at Prince ton, N. J.; 5. Houston Churchwell, formerly secretary of a mining company in Oregon, m. December 30, 1908, at Selma, Nina Gary Lamar, resides in Selma; 6. Margaret Hardie, m. June 3, 1903, at Princeton, N. J., Ainslie P. Ardugh, resides at Orilia, Ontario, Canada; 7. Anna Elizabeth, m. April 28, 1916, at Princeton, N. J., Thomas Sloo Johnson, resides in New Or leans, La. Last residence: Selma. ARNOLD, GEORGE WEEDEN, Confederate soldier, was born at Summit, Blount County, and died August 6, 1864, at Notasulga; son of Absolom Weeden and Minerva (Moore) Arnold, the former a native of Spartanburg, S. C. He was prepared in Summit under private teachers and was graduated from Cumberland univer sity, Lebanon, Tenn., with the degree of LL. D. He spent little time in the practice of law as he entered the C. S. Army soon after he left college. He volunteered in the Fourth Alabama infantry under Capt. Jones, and served in that connection for about eighteen months. Then he raised a company at Summit of which he was made captain. His company formed part of the Sixteenth Alabama infan try under Bragg and Johnson. He was mor tally wounded in the fighting around Atlanta, July 28, 1864, at which time he had attained the rank of lieutenant colonel. He was a mem ber of the Presbyterian church. Married: At Jackson, Tenn., Mollie Spencer. Last resi dence: Summit. ARNOLD, JAMES MASON, lawyer, chief jus tice Mississippi supreme court, was born Octo ber 21, 1838, in Elbert County, Ga., and died July 9, 1897, in Birmingham; son of Wilton J. and Ann E. (Bell) Arnold. His parents moved from Georgia to Mississippi during his infancy, and settled on a farm there. They were very poor, and were unable to educate their large family of children beyond the free schools of Mississippi. Judge Arnold attended the public sixteenth section school at Concord Church on the Starkville road, between Colum bus and May hew; then through the interest of Hon. John T. Connell, Thomas Bell, and his son, James B. Bell, he was brought to the at tention of John A. Foster, afterward chancel lor of the Mobile chancery court district, who was teaching a high school at Montevallo, Miss. Mr. Foster offered to admit Judge Arnold to his school without compensation, and to pay him for teaching several hours of the day. After attending this school for a year, Judge Arnold took charge of the school at Concord Church, where he taught for a year; then en tered the University of Mississippi in 1855, graduating in 1858. He returned to the school at Concord Church; taught there until the out break of the War of Secession, when he re signed to enlist in the C. S. Army; joined a volunteer company which was ordered into action the spring of 1861; and served as a private in the Columbus riflemen, Co. K, Four teenth Mississippi regiment throughout the war, with the exception of a period of impris onment at Camp Douglas, Chicago, after the fall of Fort Donelson. He was slightly wounded at that battle, and at the battle of Harris- burg, but was not, in either case, disabled for further service. In 1863, while he was serv ing in the army, Judge Arnold was elected to the Mississippi legislature from Lowndes County. He attended the sessions of the legis lature, declining to accept the exemption from military service that the law provided for mem bers of that body, and returned to the army when the sessions were over. He was re elected to the legislature at the next session after the war; was admitted to the bar at Columbus, Miss., 1866; and practiced law un til the spring of 1876, when he was appointed judge of the circuit court of the sixth judicial district of Mississippi. At the end of the term, he -mas re-appointed without opposition; and ERSKINE RAMSAY DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 59 before the expiration of his second term, upon petition of the bar and citizens of the district, was appointed by the governor of Mississippi to the office of associate justice of the supreme court of the state. Two years later he was made chief justice of the supreme court; held that position until 1889 when he resigned be cause of failing health; moved to Birmingham where he formed a law partnership with George A. Evans, and continued to practice law in that city until his death. Married: (1) Orline, daughter of Col. Robert Lowry of Baldwin, Miss.; (2) Florence Lowry, sister of his first wife. Children, by first marriage: 1. d. in infancy; 2. Orline Lowry, m. Mr. Ship- man; by second marriage, 3. Frances, m. Mr. DeBardeleben; 4. James Mason, Jr.; 5. Nellie Lowry, m. Jesse Lafayette Drennen; 6. Daniel Webster, d. in infancy; 7. Prentiss, d. in in fancy. Last residence: Birmingham. ARNOLD, JOHN CLINTON, lawyer, business man and legislator, was born April 15, 1881, near Bass Station, Jackson County; son of James Clinton and Martha (Sells) Arnold, the former lived for a time in Crow Creek Valley, and in Winchester, Tenn., and served in the C. S. Army; grandson of William and Elnor (Champion) Sells and of James Jordon Arnold and wife, a Miss McVay. The Arnold family came from Virginia to Alabama. He was edu cated in the schools near Winchester and Cowan, Tenn.; attended Winchester normal college; and graduated in February, 1904, from the commercial college of the University of Kentucky. From 1904 to 1911, he followed dif ferent business pursuits; entered mining and mercantile business, 1912; admitted to the bar, 1916; and elected, 1918, to the house of repre sentatives from Jefferson County; since 1909 he has been a justice of the peace. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; and Woodman of the World. Married: May, 1909, to Beatrice, daughter of Abner F. and Eula (Lee) Morton, of Mineral Springs, Jefferson County. Chil dren: 1. Frank C; 2. John C, jr. Residence: Morris. ARNOLD, JOSEPH JOHNSTON, lawyer, was born June 27, 1869, in Jacksonville, Calhoun County; son of Dr. James Davis and Laura Evelyn (Mc Adams) Arnold; grandson of Lem uel N. and Sarah Walker (Nix) Arnold, and of Robert E. W. and Catherine (Teague) Mc- Adams; great-grandson of Capt. William Arnold, a Revolutionary soldier who lived in the later years of his life at Elberton, Ga. The McAdams and Teague families lived in Abbeville District, S. C. Mr. Arnold attended the common schools; and was graduated from the State normal school at Jacksonville, in 1887. He was admitted to the bar in 1890; served as mayor of Jacksonville for three terms, 1892, 1893, 1894; was elected representa tive in the State legislature, 1902; was re elected in 1902, 1906 and 1910. He is a Dem ocrat and a Methodist. Married: January 21, 1903, at Jacksonville, to Gertrude, daughter of Dr. William B. and Mary A. (Goodwin) Arbery. Residence: Anniston. vol. in— 5 ARNOLD, THOMAS, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Autauga County; private N. C. Continental Line; en rolled on Jan. 4, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $30; sums received to date of publication of list, $90. — Revolution ary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. ARRINGTON, ASA, State senator and plan ter. He was a Whig and represented the coun ties of Butler and Pike in the Alabama senate 1842-43-44. ARRINGTON, JAMES NICHOLSON, lawyer, circuit solicitor and captain, C. S. Army, was born January 10, 1835, in Nash County, N. C, and died August 12, 1894, at Ocean Spring, Miss.; son of Samuel Lewis and Eliza Ann (Nicholson) Arrington (q. v.). He was edu cated in private schools in his native county and attended the University of Alabama for two years. He left that institution with a hundred and fifty other young men on the occasion of an "insurrection" by the student body and completed his studies at the Univer sity of Georgia. He located at Troy and en tered upon the practice of the law being soon after made solicitor for the Barbour County circuit, 1865-70. During the seventies he re moved to Ft. Worth, Texas, but later returned to Alabama and settled in Montgomery, form ing a partnership with Capt. E. A. Graham. He raised a company, the "Flem Freeman Guards," which formed a part of the 15th Ala bama regiment infantry, commanded by Col. William Calvin Oates, and was made its cap tain. He took an active interest in politics and was for some time chairman of the second dis trict Democratic committee. He was a mem ber of the Knights of Pythias. Unmarried: Last residence: Montgomery. ARRINGTON, RICHARD HENRY, lawyer and state senator, was born November 30, 1872, near Montgomery; son of Judge Thomas Mann and Mary Robins (Goldthwaite) Arring ton (q. v.). He attended the public schools of Montgomery and Dr. Hall's high school at Cul- peper, Va.; was admitted to the bar at Mont gomery in April, 1896, but located in Elba to practice. In 1899 he was nominated as a dele gate to the proposed constitutional convention of that year. He was a member of the Demo cratic State executive committee from 1898 for a number of years. In 1900 he was elected to the State senate and was a member of the house of representatives from Coffee County, 1907. In 1916 he removed to Montgomery where he formed a partnership with his brother, Archibald Hunter Arrington. Mar ried: February 17, 1903, at Timmonsville, Florence County, S. C, to Pauline, daughter of Robert Alfred and Florence Elizabeth (Cole) White, of Chesterfield, S. C. Children: 1. Rich ard Henry, jr. Residence: Montgomery. ARRINGTON, ROBERT GOLDTHWAITE, lawyer, was born June 2, 1878, at Montgomery; son of Thomas Mann and Mary Robins (Gold- 60 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY thwaite) Arrington (q. v.) and grandson of Samuel Lewis and Eliza Ann (Nicholson) Ar rington (q. v.). He attended the public schools of Montgomery and J. M. Stark's University school. In 1898 he was a student at the Uni versity of the South, at Sewanee, Tenn. He graduated with the degree of LL. D. from the University of Alabama in 1901, and began the practice of that profession at Montgomery the same year. In 1909 he formed a partnership with Harry S. Houghton, (q. v.). He is a Democrat; Episcopalian; Mason; Elk; Red Man; and Knight of Pythias. Married: April 26, 1906, at Montgomery, to Olive, daughter of William Elias and Miriam (Olive) Pierce, for merly of Union Springs, a successful merchant and farmer; grand-daughter of Caleb Ruffin and Elizabeth Ann (Houghton) Olive and George Washington and Amanda (Devore) Pierce. Children: 1. Miriam Goldthwaite. Residence: Montgomery. ARRINGTON, SAMUEL LEWIS, lawyer and planter, was born March 9, 1806, at Hilliards- ton, Nash County, N. C, and died December 15, 1878, in Montgomery; son of John and Elizabeth Ann (Nicholson) Arrington, the for mer for many years a member of the legisla ture of his native state and of the constitu tional convention of 1836; grandson of Arthur and Mary (Sandiford) Arrington, and of James and Mary Jackson (Arrington) Nich olson of Nash County, N. C. The Arringtons are of English ancestry. Arthur and his brother, Joseph, came from that country to Southampton County, Va., and removed thence to North Carolina in 1764. Samuel L. Arring ton read law with Chief Justice Leonard Hen derson at Williamsboro, and was admitted to the bar in his twenty-first year, soon relin quishing the practice of his profession, how ever, to devote himself to agriculture. In 1833 he was elected to the State senate from his native county and held that position until 1843 when he declined re-election. In 1852 he re moved to Montgomery County, Ala., and settled upon a plantation eighteen miles from the capital, later disposing of this place and buy ing one near the city. Married: December 19, 1826, in Nash County, N. C, to Eliza Nicholson. Children: 1. Mary Ann Eliza, b. November 26, 1827, d. July 9, 1833; 2. Thomas Mann (q. v.) m. Mary Robins Goldthwaite, Montgomery; 3. Laura Elvira; 4. daughter, d. in infancy; 5. James Nicholson; 6. John Richard, m. Nannie Dilliard, no children; 7. Samuel Lewis, b. January 2, 1839, lieutenant in the C. S. Army, died of typhoid fever at Tazewell, Tenn., September 14, 1862, and his remains brought home and interred beside his brother; 8. Eliza Ann, m. Foster Elsberry, Montgomery County; 9. Archibald Hunter, b. June 27, 1843, was wounded in the charge on Malvern Hill near Richmond, Va., returned to his home and died July 15, 1862, and is buried in Montgomery; 10. Mary Laura and Henry Lewis (twins), both deceased; 11. Infant, deceased; 12. Ellen Nich olson, m. Archibald Pitt Tyson (q. v.) ; 13. Martha Nicholson, m. Laban Warren Tyson, Montgomery. Last residence: Montgomery. ARRINGTON, THOMAS MANN, lawyer, lieutenant-colonel 31st regiment infantry, C. S. Army, judge of the city court and planter, was born August 29, 1829, in Nash County, N. C, and died November 30, 1896, at Montgom ery; son of Samuel Lewis and Eliza (Nich olson) Arrington (q. v.). He graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1849 and was admitted to the bar in 1852; moved to Montgomery in 1856, where he practiced his profession until the outbreak of the War of Secession. In 1861 he volunteered in the "Metropolitan Guards," which company be longed to the Third Alabama infantry and with which he served for about eight months. While absent in Virginia with his regiment he was elected to the Alabama legislature which re lieved him from military service, but he de clined this legal privilege and helped to raise a company of which he was made captain, and which became a part of the 31st Alabama infan try, Col. Daniel R. Hundley, commander. He was later elected lieutenant-colonel of the regiment and retained this office until the close of the war. Owing to the absence of the colonel on account of wounds, he commanded the regi ment at the battles of Tazewell, Baker's Creek, Franklin, Nashville and during the siege of Vicksburg and was commended for gallantry by Gen. Stephen D. Lee. His was one of the three regiments of Pettus' brigade that forced the passage of the river at Columbia and cap tured the enemy's rifle pits. In the spring of 1866 he resumed the practice of law and was shortly after elected judge of the city court by the white voters, but in 1868 was removed from office through the intervention of the reconstruction laws. In 1880 he was again elected city judge and re-elected in 1886. Mar ried: December 18, 1861 at Montgomery, Mary Robins, daughter of George and Olivia Price (Wallach) Goldthwaite, (q. v.) Children. 1. George, d. in infancy; 2. Samuel Lewis, U. S. mail clerk, unmarried; 3. Olivia, Unmarried; 4. Thomas Mann, (q. v.), 5. Richard Henry, (q. v.), m. Pauline White; 6. Archibald Hun ter; 7. John, contractor, m. Jessie Lund, Chicago; 8. Robert Goldthwaite, (q. v.); 9. Eliza Nicholson, m. Lloyd Lyons, two chil dren, Montgomery; 10. Mary, m. Archibald Campbell Goldthwaite, planter, two children, Montgomery. Last residence: Montgomery. ARRINGTON, THOMAS MANN, lawyer and planter, was born July 4, 1870, in Montgomery; son of Judge Thomas Mann and Mary Robins (Goldthwaite) Arrington (q. v.). He received his preparatory education in the schools of Montgomery and attended the University of Alabama 1887-88 and 1890-91. He was elected to the Alabama legislature in 1902 as a Demo crat. He is unmarried. Residence: Montgom ery. ASHBURN, J. O., Presbyterian minister, 1913. Residence: Leighton. • ASHCRAFT, ANDREW JACKSON, farmer, was born December 18, 1829, in Jackson County, Ga., and died March 24, 1902, in Flor ence; son of Thomas and Catherine (Abel) DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 61 Ashcraft (q. v.). He received his education in the common schools of his native county and spent one session in Cave Springs school, Ga. In February 1862, he enlisted in Co. I, 14th Alabama Regiment infantry, C. S. Army; and soon thereafter set out for Richmond, Va. Owing to his peculiar aptitude to the duties of hospital nurse he was assigned to that work. He served as first ward master, Camp Win der, later as general ward master division No. 1. He rejoined his company in March, 1863, but was immediately ordered to return to hos pital service. He was detained by Gen. Lee at his receiving and forwarding hospital and was, by special detail, made chief steward. He sur rendered at Appomattox with Gen. Lee's army, April 9, 1865, and was paroled. On returning to his home he lent his influence to building up school and church and to daily toil in the fields to support his family. His declining years were spent in quiet and comfort. He was a Baptist; Democrat; and Mason. Married: November 9, 1858, to Eleanor Eliza, daughter of John and Susannah (Faires) Wiley (q. v.). Children: 1. John Thomas (q. v.) m. Annie Augusta Hendrick; 2. Nancy, d. in infancy; .3. Elizabeth Jackson, graduated at Peabody nor mal college, Nashville, Tenn., 1885, m. Dr. M. L. Jones, who died in Texas; 4. Cyrus Wash ington, m. Janie Pharr Dunklin, deceased, daughter of the late Prof. J. T. Dunklin of Auburn; 5. Lou Emma, m. (1) Thomas Bryant, (2) Francis K. Bullard, deceased, re sides in Whitesboro, Texas; 6. Susannah Cath erine, d. in infancy; 7. Lee, graduated at Ala bama polytechnic institute in 1893 with a. b. degree, resides in Florence where he is a manufacturer, m. Mrs. Mary (Baylers) Morgan, daughter of the late Capt. W. W. Baylers; 8. and 9. (twins) Erister, Florence, secretary treasurer Ashcraft cotton mills, graduated at Alabama polytechnic institute, 1897, with B. S. degree and edited the "Opelika Post," m. Marie Urquhart Weeden of Florence, daughter of Col John D. Weeden and granddaughter of the later Gov. Robert M. Patton; Arthur, who died at eleven years of age at Ashland; 10. Abel Fletcher, assistant general manager of Laurel oil and fertilizer co. at Laurel, Miss., gradu ated at the Alabama polytechnic institute s in 1900 with B. S. degree, m. Mrs. Emma (Biv- E) Brown of Dalton, Ga.; 11. Martha Street, graduate of Judson College, 1901, resides in Florence. Last residence: Florence. ASHCRAFT, JOHN THOMAS, lawyer and member constitutional convention 1901, was born October 15, 1859, in Clay County, and died February 9, 1920, in El Paso, Texas; son of Indrew Jackson and Eleanor (Wiley) Ash- craft (q v.). He received preparatory edu cation in the common schools and high sctool at Lineville, entered junior class, Alabama polytechnic institute, January, jm and graduated in 1880 with B. E. He taugnt schooTat Newton and Brundidge, 1881-85 Savoy and Bens, Texas, 1885-87, and at Lowndesboro ?R88 9 He then moved to Florence where he SadmUted to the bar, September 19, 1889, and practiced law the remainder of his active life. He served two terms as member of the board of aldermen and many years as secre tary of the board of education; was delegate from Lauderdale County to the constitutional convention, in 1901; secretary dispensary board and aggressive advocate of prohibition ; member board of trustees Howard college; president board Florence university for women; was a Democrat; Knight of Pythias; Mason; and dea con of Missionary Baptist church. At the time of his death it was written of him "He was im bued to an unusual degree with the Christ spirit. We who knew him toward the end know how closely he must have knit himself as a teacher to his pupils, who spoke of him as 'Father- friend.' The words bring up the face that bore in every line the marks of sweet chivalry. He was always the same kind, self-sacrificing citizen contributing liberally of both means and talent to every worthy cause." He was a great influence in the industrial development of his community, where the climax in these efforts was his participation in the community activity that brought Governmental improvement in Tennessee river at Muscle Shoals. His endeav ors to procure national legislation guaranteeing fullest use and complete governmental inspec tion of milk and its products and vegetable oils, has been appraised as his greatest legal undertaking. His greatest humanitarian work was as one of the first members of the State Anti-tuberculosis Commission, on which he served until his death. Married: December 21, 1886, at Brundidge, to Anne Augusta, daughter of the late Dr. Gustavus and Mary Frances (Copeland) Hendrick, of that place. She graduated from Judson college, Marion in 1883. Children: 1. Infant, deceased; 2. Mary Eliza, m. Henry Duncan Moore, major of engi neers in A. E. F., now assistant superintendent Mid-West refining company of the Salt Creek Field, Wyoming; 3. Cyrus Andrew, lieutenant in field artillery, A. E. F.; now at Lago, Idaho; 4. Martha Ellis; 5. Estelle Hurt; 6. Anne Hendrick; 7. Gustavus Hendrick; 8. John Thomas, deceased; 9. Thomas; 10. Eleanor Lee, deceased. Last residence: Florence. ASHCRAFT, THOMAS, farmer, machinist, inventor, was born August 6, 1786, in Samp son County, N. C, and died December 18, 1866, in Clay County; son of John Ashcraft, who with two brothers immigrated from England and settled in North Carolina. He passed his young manhood in Chester or York District, S. C, moved to Jackson County, Ga., about 1818, to Troup County, Ga., in 1834, to Ran dolph County, Ala., at the close of 1836, and in 1852 to Talladega County, now Clay. He reared his family on the farm, but was chiefly engaged in constructing various kinds of machinery. He patented a threshing machine, a house cotton press, a machine for the manu facture of combs and a torpedo for destroying vessels. He gave the model of the latter to the Confederate war department. During the War of Secession, though infirm and aged, he 62 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY engaged in the manufacture of spinning wheels, reels and looms. He was a Whig un til the outbreak of the war when he became a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: March 15, 1815, in Chester or York District, S. C, to Catherine, daughter of Ephraim and Eliza beth (Stringfellow) Abel, the former a Bap tist preacher who lived at Culpeper Court House and Gordonsville, Va. Children: 1. Catherine, m. Washington Billingslea; 2. Thornton Stringfellow, m. Sophronia Robin son; 3. Nancy, m. Ned Cauley; 4. William, m. Alice Ritchie; 5. Sarah, m. Sterling Hesterly; 6. Anselm Malcom, m. Amanda Wiley; 7. Salina, m. Gideon Brown; 8. Andrew Jackson, (q. v.) m. Eleanor Eliza Wiley; 9. Harriet, m. Seaborn Jones. Last residence: Clay County. ASHE, PASCAL PAOLI, coal operator, was born September 2, 1791, in North Carolina, and died at Green Springs, Hale County; son of Thomas and Sophia (Davis) Ashe, of North Carolina; grandson of Gov. Samuel Ashe and second wife, Mrs. Elizabeth (Jones) Merrick, the former born in 1725, lawyer, member of the provisional council, Revolutionary soldier, member of the state congress at Hillsboro, 1775-76, paymaster 1st continental regiment, judge of the supreme court, and elected gov ernor of North Carolina, 1795; great-grandson of John Baptista and Elizabeth (Swann) Ashe, the former the first American ancestor, a young er son of the Ashe-Arcourt family of England, who emigrated to America with Lord Craven, and served as colonel in the Revolutionary Army; great-great-grandson of Samuel and Elizabeth (Lillington) Swann; great-great- great-grandson of Alexander Lillington and wife, a Miss Adams, of Massachusetts, the for mer deputy colonial governor of Albemarle Set tlement, N. C, 1693-95. Pascal Paoli Ashe, after his removal to Alabama, was steward for several years after its opening, of the Univer sity of Alabama. Later he became a coal ope rator in Tuscaloosa, opening a vein of coal some miles from the city which is still known as the "Ashe Seam". Married: September 2, 1811, in North Carolina, to Elizabeth Jane Strudwick. Children: 1. Thomas Samuel, de ceased; 2. Dr. William Cincinnatus, deceased, Demopolis; 3. Anne Eliza, m. Martin Pickett; 4. Julia, m. Henry Tutwiler (q. v.); 5. Dr. Edmund F., deceased, Wadesboro, N. C; 6. Henretta Geraldine, d. unmarried; 7. Martha Lucia, m. Carlos Green Smith; 8. Ruffin Young, adjutant, 11th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, killed at Petersburg, Va., in 1864. Last residence: Green Springs. ASHE, THOMAS PORTER, planter, was born December 27, 1830, at Greensboro, and died December 17, 1891, at Kimmswick, Mo.; son of Thomas Samuel and Elizabeth (Bell) Ashe, of Hillsboro, N. C; nephew of Pascal Paoli Ashe (q. v.) and of Admiral Henry Bell, U. S. Navy; grandson of Thomas and Sophia (Davis) Ashe, of North Carolina. He was educated by private tutors and at Norwich military academy, Ver mont. He was for a number of years clerk of the circuit court at Old St. Stephens, Wash ington County; a planter in the same county, and removed to Missouri about 1868, where he purchased a farm. During the War of Seces sion he served for a time as major, 32nd Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. He was an Episcopalian; and a Mason. Married: at St. Stephens, to Margaret Zenobia Woodyard. Children: 1. Ida, deceased; 2. Ada, deceased; 3. Augusta, deceased; 4. Lissa, married, St. Louis, Mo.; 5. Harry Bell, married, Kimms wick, Mo.; 6. Mary Webb, Denver, Col. Last residence: Kimmswick, Mo. ASHFORD, ALVA ELGIN, farmer, was born July 10, 1834, near Courtland, Lawrence Coun ty; and died July 7, 1904, at Courtland; son of Thomas and Jane (Elgin) Ashford (q. v.) ; grandson of John Ashford of Virginia, and of Hezekiah and Sinai Elgin of Jessamine Coun ty, Ky. Thomas H. Ashford, a native of Cul pepper County, Va., moved with his family to Lawrence County, in 1819. He was a captain in the War of 1812 and served under Gen. Wil liam H. Harrison. Jane S. Elgin, who was born in Maryland, was descended from Robert Bruce, of Scotland. She was the great-grand daughter of Lord Elgin whose castle still stands in Scotland. Alva E. Ashford attended school in Murfreesboro, then entered Emory and Henry college, Va., and later the Univer sity of Virginia. He took up the occupation of farming until the outbreak of the war. He enlisted in Co. B, Sixteenth Alabama infantry, served for a year, was wounded and disabled for some time. He raised and equipped at his own expense, in 1862, Co. C, Thirty-fifth Ala bama infantry, and became its captain. Eighteen months later he was promoted to major, and in a few months, to lieutenant colonel. He was complimented on the field at Corinth by Gen. Albert Russ, and his brav ery was mentioned in the record of that bat tle. He was elected to the state legislature in 1866 by the largest majority ever given any man in the county. He was a Democrat, a Mason, and was an elder in the Presbyterian church. Married: February 15, 1871, near Mooreville, Carrie Fletcher, daughter of Dr. Nathan and Sarah (Smith) Fletcher, a descend ant of Capt. John Cargill who was a member of the committee of safety of Sussex County, Va., during the Revolutionary War. Children: Two adopted daughters. Last residence: Courtland. ASHFORD, FREDERICK A., pioneer, was born April 19, 1830, in Lawrence County, and died November 30, 1864, at Franklin, Tenny son of Thomas and Jane (Elgin) Ashford (q. v.), the former a veteran of the War of 1812 and one of the earliest settlers of Lawrence County; grandson of Hezekiah and Sinai El gin, of Jessamine County, Ky. He raised and organized Co. B, Sixteenth Alabama Infantry and was appointed captain. He was promoted to major of the regiment, then to lieutenant colonel, and finally to colonel. He was dis tinguished for bravery at Murfreesboro, Look out Mountain, Dalton, Kennesaw, and Atlanta. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 63 He fell at the battle of Franklin, Tenn., lead ing a charge of his regiment. The Confederate veteran camp, Fred Ashford, at Town Creek, is named for him. He was a Baptist and a Democrat. Last residence: near Courtland. ASHFORD, THOMAS, pioneer, died near Courtland, Lawrence County; came with his wife to Lawrence County in 1819, and settled near Courtland. They were among the first settlers of the county. He was a captain in the War of 1812 and served under Gen. William H. Harrison. He was in the regiment of Col. William R. Johnson, of Kentucky, and was near his command in the battle of Tippecanoe, in which Chief Tecumseh was killed. He was a member of the Baptist church. Married: Jane Elgin, daughter of Hezekiah and Sinai Elgin, of Jessamine County, Ky. Children: 1. Dr. Augustus Hezekiah, physician, b. July 6, 1817, d. September 15, 1843; 2. Col. Frederick A. (q. v.), b. April 19, 1830, Lawrence County, killed in the battle of Franklin, Tenn., Novem ber 30, 1864; 3. Thomas H., m. Caroline Tate, died leaving a widow and two sons, Thomas T. (q. v.) and Frederick A.; 4. Col. Alva E. (q. v.), b. July 10, 1834, near Courtland, d. July 7, 1904, Courtland, m. Carrie Fletcher, served in C. S. Army; 5. Dr. Edward C, phy sician; 6. Lucilla, m. Rev. D. Bridenthall of Texas. Last residence: near Courtland, Law rence County. ASHFORD, THOMAS T., business man, was born September 27, 1857, in Limestone County; son of Thomas H. and Caroline (Tate) Ash ford; grandson of Thomas and Jane (Elgin) Ashford (q. v.), early settlers of Lawrence County, and of Enos Tate, the first settler of Huntsville, who came to Alabama from El bert County, Ga.; great grandson of Hezekiah and Sinai Elgin, of Jessamine County, Ky. He attended private schools until the age of seven teen; was graduated from East Tennessee Uni versity, Knoxville, Tenn., in 1877, and took the diplomatic course in the commercial col lege at Lexington, Ky. He became bookkeeper for the firm, Hendricks & Abies, Little Rock, Ark., for four years; traveling salesman for Cole Manufacturing Company, of Memphis, Tenn., for eight months; entered partnership with H. H. Mayberry at Birmingham in the paint, oil, glass, and wallpaper business, from 1885-1886; formed a stock company, the Birm ingham Paint & Glass Co., and was elected president. Married: December 31, 1885, Susie Swoope, of Wheeler, daughter of Captain Charles C. Swoope. Residence: Birmingham. ASHLEY, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, planter, was born November 18, 1822, at Montgomery, and died at Ashville, March 29, 1903; son of John G. and Margaret Ann (Johnston) Ashley (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of the county, and at La Grange col lege. He was a cotton planter in Montgomery County, and later moved to Ashville. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Mar ried: (1) to Mary Nicholson, daughter of Alex ander Nicholson of Coosa County; (2) Sep tember 17, 1858, at Wetumpka, to Elizabeth Fitz gerald, daughter of John McCaw and Theresa (Fitzgerald) Byers, and granddaughter of Dr. Reuben Fitzgerald, a native of Pittsylvania County, Va. Mrs. Ashley is still living at Oden- ville. Children, by first wife: 1. Preston, d. un married; 2. Benjamin F., m. Florence Farley, Bristol, Tenn.; by second wife: 3. Margaret Hughes, m. Judge James T. Greene (q. v.); 4. Ellen Rush, m. George W. Hodges, of Ashville; 5. Huger Gordon, num.; 6. Reuben Fitzgerald, m. Ida Jarrett, of Beaumont, Tex.; 7. Marie Theresa, m. Charles Lansdell, of Paris, Tenn.; 8. Percy Ford, d. young. Last residence: Ash ville. ASHLEY, FELIX LEONARD, planter, was born in North Carolina; son of William and Mary Ashley; and brother of John G. Ashley (q. v.). He was a planter and owned much property in Montgomery County. Married: (1) Caroline, daughter of Rev. Samuel Johnson, a Protestant Methodist minister, who was a brother of Margaret Johnson, wife of John G. Ashley (q. v.). (2) Ellen Rush, sister of Dr. John W. Rush (q. v.). Children, by first wife: 1. Augustus, killed by Clay Williams, in a youthful quarrel at Tuskegee; by second wife: 2. Felix Leonard, m. Mary Sumner; 3. Charles Rush, planter, m. Ella Wyman, daughter of Dr. William S. Wyman (q. v.), of Tuscaloosa; 4. Robert Augustus, planter, m. Marion Myrick, of Montgomery; 5. William Andrew, d. unmar ried. Last residence: Montgomery. ASHLEY, JOHN G., planter and representa tive, was born June 20, 1792, at Lumberton, N. C, and died near Montgomery, February 13, 1844; son of William and Mary Ashley, natives of North Carolina, who emigrated to Alabama, while it was a territory, located at Montgomery, and later removed to a plantation near Catoma Creek, where they are buried. John G. Ashley became a planter and owned extensive proper ties on Catoma Creek. During the session of 1823, he represented Montgomery County in the house. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: January 3, 1813, in North Carolina, to Margaret Ann, daughter of Hugo Johnston, who with his brother, Gilbert, formed and fi nanced a cavalry organization which served under Gen. Francis Marion in the Revolution ary War. He was born, lived, died and is buried in North Carolina. Children: 1. Benja min Franklin (q. v.); 2. Hugh, married and emigrated to Arkansas; 3. William Pinkney, a captain in the C. S. Army, d. unmarried; 4. Margaret Ann, m. Stephen Hughes, of Coosa County; 5. Eliza Ann, m. Dr. Joseph Addison Cobb, of Connecticut, and had two children, one d. in infancy, and the other, Camotte Ash ley Cobb, m. Lovey Anderson of Lebanon, Tenn., and had among others, Lila May, who m. Seth Boone Gordon, of Louisiana; 6. Harriet Ann, m. John McQueen, of Greenville; 7. John G. jr., born in Montgomery County, September 18, 1819, one of the first children born in the county, and died February 1, 1844, unmarried. Last residence: Montgomery. 64 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ASHLEY, WILLIAM ADAM, planter and state senator, was born in 1822 at Hampden Ridge, Conecuh County, and died in the same county, February 12, 1870; son of Wilson and Mary Ann (McCreary) Ashley (q. v.). He was edu cated in the common schools of the county, and graduated from the East Tennessee university at Knoxville. He represented Conecuh County in the house in 1849, 1851-52 and 1861-63, and was a member of the senate during the ses sions of 1853-54, 1855-56 and 1865. While, in 1860, he voted for Bell, the Union candidate for president, and was opposed to secession in 1861, Mr. Ashley did not falter a moment in sustaining the Southern cause throughout the hard struggle. He was a Whig. In 1861 he was a Confederate presidential elector for Davis and Stephens. Married: Amanda, daughter of Major Thomas, of Conecuh County; Children: 1. William jr., m. Amanda Anderson; 2. John, d. unmarried; 3. Arthur, d. unmarried. Last residence: Hampden Ridge. ASHLEY, WILSON, planter, was born in Barnwell District, S. C, in 1796, and died at Evergreen, in 1866; son of John Ashley who emigrated to New York from England about the middle of the eighteenth century, and later removed to Barnwell District, S. C. He en listed as a private in the War of 1812, was promoted 1st lieutenant, and later captain. He removed to Alabama in 1820, and located in Conecuh County, where he resided until his death. From 1832 to 1835 he was sheriff of the county; and a member of the house of repre sentatives, 1835. He was a Whig; and a Mason. Married: in 1818, in Barnwell District, Mary Ann, daughter of Adam and Mary (Odem) Mc Creary, natives of Barnwell District, the former when quite a boy endured the many hardships of the Revolutionary War and removed to Cone cuh County in the pioneer period. Children: 1. Wilson jr., d. in infancy; 2. William Adam, m. Amanda Thomas (q. v.) ; 3. Caroline Eliza beth, m. Andrew Jay (q. v.) ; 4. James Wilson, d. in infancy; 5. Susan, m. Sanford Jones, and had one daughter, Mary, who m. Edmond Mar tin; 6. Nathaniel, student University of Ala bama, 1847-48, private C. S. Army, and retired merchant, m. Polly Stillworth, and had seven children; 7. Mary Ann, m. Charles Thomas Taliaferro (q. v.). Last residence: Evergreen. ASHURST, JOHN, pioneer, died in 1830, at Mount Meigs, came to Montgomery County in 1818 from Putnam County, Ga. Before his residence in Georgia, he came from Chester field County, Va. He bought a large tract of land from the government at the Milledgeville land sale in 1817 when that section of Ala bama which is now Montgomery County was opened for settlement. He erected a house, the materials of which he hauled from Geor gia, at the nine-mile post on the Mount Meigs Road. It is said to be the first frame house and the first house with glass windows in Montgomery County. The house is still stand ing on the plantation now owned by the Marks family at the nine-mile post. By his will he disposed of about one hundred slaves and several plantations. Married: In Georgia, Frances Hill, a des cendant of the Huguenots of South Carolina, whose family is intermarried with that of the Flournoys. Children: 1. Merrill, attorney; represented Montgomery County in the legis lature in 1837 and again in 1840; moved to California and was appointed judge in one of the courts of that state, and to New Mexico where he became a lawyer and jurist; died in New Mexico, 1869; 2. Robert, planter, b. Feb ruary 15, 1816; served as a private in the In dian War, 1836; director of the State Bank, 1840-1844; representative in the Alabama gen eral assembly, 1863-1865; m. at Montgomery, March 15, 1836, Julia Frances Vickers, resided at Tallassee; 3. George Washington, planter, b. November 8, 1822, d. December 15, 1873, lived at Tallassee; 4. daughter, m. (1) J. J. Crayon, (2) Daniel Sheehan; 5. daughter, m. Hugh Caffey, of Montgomery. Last residence: Mount Meigs Road. ATKINS, THOMAS, farmer, was born No vember 22, 1792, near Laurens Court House, Laurens County, S. C, and died at Warrenton, Ala.; son of Benjamin Atkins, a soldier in the Revolution, who lived near Laurens Court House, S. C. Family tradition is that the Atkins family came from England to America in the early part of the eighteenth century. Mr. Atkins was brother of Reed Atkins, whose son, Gen. J. D. C. Atkins, was for many years a distinguished citizen of Tennessee. He was great uncle of Bishop James E. Atkins, and of Dr. Weightman F. Melton of the Methodist Epis copal church, south. Mr. Atkins was a cor poral in Capt. Gray's company of Alabama militia in the War of 1812, and served in the Mexican War. He farmed all his life, and was universally known as "Uncle Tommie." He lived on what was called the Georgia Road, the main thoroughfare of emigration through that section in the early days. His home was a large, two-story, hewn log building that stood about half a mile south of Warrenton; and he owned many negroes whose cabins sur rounded the residence. The residence and nearly all of the cabins were burned by Fed eral troops during the War of Secession. Mr. Atkins was an Andrew Jackson Democrat, and for many years was deacon of his local con gregation in the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Married: About 1814 or 1815, at Hazel Green, Madison County, Rebecca Tate, daugh ter of Abner Tate, who lived at that place, and was in 1814, a member of the county court. Children: Mary Ann, the only child who sur vived infancy, b. December 2, 1818, at Hazel Green, d. at the home of her son, Thomas At kins Street, April 17, 1894, m. (1) Rev. Oliver Day Street of Winchester, Tenn., August 28, 1834, who died December 1840, (2) James Law rence Sheffield, children, by first husband, 1. Thomas Atkins, 2. and 3. d. in infancy, by second husband, 4. Mary, 5. Lucinda, deceased, 6. Andrew Moore, 7. Rebecca, deceased, 8. James Bradley, deceased, 9. William Smith. Last residence: Warrenton. ATKINS, VICTOR BOARDMAN, merchant. and State senator, was born April 25, 1856, at Greensboro, died at Selma, September 18, COLONEL THOMAS G. BUSH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 67 1915, son of John and Florence Richard (Har rison) Atkins; grandson of John and Nancy (Harris) Atkins, and of Richard and Catherine (Sloane) Harrison. The Atkins family were residents of King and Queen County, Virginia, and the Harrison family of Columbia, S. C. John Atkins, Jr., was an emigrant from King and Queen, Va., to Greensboro, about 1830, was a druggist, later a farmer, and probate judge of Hale County, 1874 to 1876. The fam ily springs from two brothers, William and John Atkins, who came to Virginia from Scot land early in the 17th century. The Harrison family are descendants of the historic family of the name in Virginia. Richard Harrison was a nephew of the first Gen. Wade Hamp ton. On removing to Alabama he settled seven miles above Greensboro. Senator Atkins re ceived his education in the preparatory school of the Southern university at Greensboro; was a merchant from boyhood; in 1903 was a member of the city council of Selma; mayor of Selma for a term ending October 1, 1910; served two years as lieutenant in troop C, 1st cavalry, Alabama national guard; two years as captain of the same command; elected major of cavalry squadron, serving out one term and part of another. On the organiza tion of the State highway department, April 7, 1911, he was appointed one of the commis sioners, continuing to serve until January 11, 1915, when he was succeeded by Julian Smith, he having resigned on account of ill health. He was a Democrat; was at one time a mem ber of the congressional committee of the 4th district; an Episcopalian; a Knight of Pythias, an Elk and a Woodman of the World. Married November 30, 1873, to Mary B. Mar tin, the daughter of Atlas Jones and Harriet (Shields) Martin, who lived at Old Home stead Shields, near Orrville. Children: 1. A. J. Martin, m. Carrie Wilkins; 2. Edward B. M., 3. Victor B. Jr., 4. Josiah Harrison. Last residence. Selma. ATKINSON, CHARLES PRESCOTT, Meth odist minister, was born August 31, 1867, at Newton, Dale County; son of Cornelius Ver- tillius and May (Eason) Atkinson, the former a native of Cuthbert, Ga., removed to Newton, 1850, private in the 15th Alabama infantry reg iment, C. S. Army; grandson of William Mal- dree and Ursula (Griffith) Atkinson, of Cuth bert, Ga., and of Elizabeth (Smith) Eason, who lived at Newton ; great-grandson of Judge Oliver Herrin Griffith, ordinary of Randolph County, Ga., and for some years a teacher there, later postmaster at Newton. Dr. Atkinson received his early education in the public and private schools of Newton; one year in the school of Ozark; attended the Southern university from which he graduated with the B. S. degree, 1888; tutored and took A. M. course during the 1899-90 session; com pleted graduate course in Christian Theism, Illinois Wesleyan university, and in 1910 re ceived the Ph. D. degree; received honorary D. D. from Southern university, 1910; member summer school at Harvard, 1905. He was licensed to preach by the Methodist Episcopal church, South, 1886, at Ozark; was admitted on trial and ordained deacon by Bishop Gran- berry in Pensacola, Fla., 1890 and was received into full connection, 1892, by Bishop Fitzgerald; ordained elder, 1894, at Brewton, by Bishop Duncan. He has served pastorates at Mariana, Fla., Geneva, Montgomery, Camden, Dayton, and Uniontown; elected professor of philos ophy at the Southern university, chairman of the Social service commission of the Alabama conference which he assisted in organizing. He returned to active itinerancy, and is now resid ing at Samson. He is an Independent in pol itics; a Knight of Pythias, and a member Alpha Tau Omega college fraternity. Author: article on "Clifford Lanier," in Library of Southern literature. Married: October 14, 1896, at Geneva to Jessie, daughter of Henry Wesley and Laura Luzine (Stoudenmire) Laird, who lived successively, at Montgomery, Elba and Geneva, the former a native of South Carolina, merchant in Montgomery, about 1850 and later in Geneva, a Confederate soldier, member constitutional convention 1875, representative in the legislature from Geneva County; granddaughter of Van and Martha (Jackson) Stoudenmire of Autauga, a veteran of the Seminole Indian War; great-granddaughter of Jeremiah Jackson of Independence, Autauga County. Children: 1. Arthur Laird, soldier in European War and served in the A. E. F., in France; 2. Erin. Residence: Samson. ATKINSON, GEORGE FRANCIS, botanist, for about four years a resident of Alabama, was born at Raisinville, Monroe County, Mich., January 26, 1854; son of Joseph and Josephine (Fish) Atkinson, the former having removed from New Jersey to Michigan early in life. Prof. Atkinson was a student at Olivet col lege, Mich., 1878-83, and received the degree of Ph. B. from Cornell university, 1885. He held professorships at the universities of North Carolina and of South Carolina until 1889, when he came to Alabama to accept the posi tion of professor of biology and biologist of the experiment station, Alabama polytechnic institute. He became a member of the faculty of Cornell university in 1892, where he is no-w at the head of the department of botany. Au thor: "Biology of ferns," 1894; "Elementary botany," 1898; "Lessons in botany," 1900; "Studies of American fungi," 1900; "Mush rooms, edible, poisonous, etc.," 1903; "First studies on plant life," 1904; "College text-book of botany," 1905. Married: August 1888, at Durham, N. O, to Lizzie S., daughter of W. C. Kerr, for many years state geologist of North Carolina and a resident of Raleigh. Children: 1. Francis Kerr; 2. Clara Packard. Residence: Ithaca, N. Y. ATKINSON, JESSE MALDRIE, teacher, was born May 9, 1874, at Newton, Dale County; son of Cornelius Vantiluous and Mary (Eason) Atkinson, natives, respectively, of Randolph County, Ga., and Wilkerson County, Ga., the former of whom enlisted in the C. S. Army when he was sixteen years old, and served till the close of the war in Capt. Oates' com pany; grandson of William Maldrie and Ursula E. (Griffith) Atkinson of Cuthbert, Ga., and later of Newton, and of Isaac and Elizabeth 68 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY (Smith) Eason, of Wilkerson County, Ga. He was prepared in a school at Newton, under the supervision of G. S. Crim, now a merchant in Birmingham; and attended the Alabama Poly technic Institute, graduating, B. S., 1899. Im mediately after his graduation, he began to teach school, first as principal at Canton Bend, Wilcox County, 1899-1900; then at Eldridge, Walker County, 1900-1901; became professor of English, history and Latin in the Ninth district agricultural school, Blountsville, 1901-1904; served as superintendent of public schools, Ala bama City, 1904-1907; became president of the Eighth district agricultural school, Athens, 1907, and has since held that position. He was lieu tenant of a corps of cadets in college; is a Dem ocrat, a Methodist and a member of the board of stewards of the Athens Methodist church; and has been worshipful master of his lodge of Masons. Married: September 3, 1900, at Cam den, Amelia Ada Smith, daughter of Malcolm White and Virginia (Alford) Smith, who lived at Camden Bend, Wilcox County. Her great grandparents came from Scotland, and one of her great grandfathers fought in the Revolu tionary War. Children: 1. Mary Irvin, b. 1902; 2. LeRoy Maldrie, b. 1904; 3. Elizabeth, b. 1905; 4. Dorothy, b. 1908. Residence: Athens. AUSTILL, HURIEOSCO, lawyer, was born February 16, 1841, in Mobile; and died July 3, 1912, in Mobile; son of Col. Jeremiah and Margaret (Eads) Austill (q. v.) of South Caro lina. He was graduated from the University of Alabama in 1861; immediately entered the C. S. Army; was appointed second lieutenant of the First Alabama battery of artillery, held a commission throughout the war in that com mand but during the Kentucky campaign, in December, 1862, was appointed to a captaincy in the Twenty-second Alabama infantry, in the way of a detached position. He was once slightly wounded; was captured at Fort Mor gan, and until the end of the war was held a prisoner, spending four months at Fort La Fayette and six months at Fort Delaware. He entered upon the study of law in the office of Dargan & Taylor, of Mobile, 1866; was admitted to the bar, 1868, and practiced in Mobile from that date until his death. He was elected to the Alabama house of representa tives for one term in 1880; to the state senate for four years in 1882, served one term as chancellor of the southern division of Alabama from 1874-1882. He was one of the organizers of the Mobile & West Alabama railroad, of which he was president for a time; was also the promoter of the Mobile, Jackson & Kansas City railroad and was president of that road until the contract for its construction was given to a new management. For some months prior to his death, he devoted much of his time to railroad development. He was a Dem ocrat, a member of the State Bar Association and of the Baptist church. Married: December 24, 1874, Aurora R. Er- vin, daughter of Dr. Robert and Sarah (Tait) Ervin, of Wilcox County. Children: Three sons and three daughters. Last residence: Mobile. AUSTILL, JEREMIAH, pioneer, was born in 1794, in Pendleton District, S. C; died in 1881, in Clarke County; son of Capt. Evan Austill, an Indian fighter who died of exposure, Octo ber 18, 1818, while on an Indian campaign. He was a native of North Carolina. Mrs. Aus till, whose maiden name was Files, was a sister of Col. David Files of Washington Coun ty; grandson of Isaac Austill, whose ancestors came from Saint Austill, England. He came to Clarke County with his father in 1813, and was one of its first settlers. He took part in the perilous border warfare of that day and won historic prominence at the age of nine teen years by his participation in the "Canoe Fight," a manuscript account of which, pre pared by him, is in the collection of the Ala bama Historical Society. He moved to Mobile County and later to Clarke County, and was elected to represent the latter in the general assembly of 1845. He engaged in extensive planting, raising large quantities of farm produce as well as huge cotton crops. Married: Margaret Eads, of Welch ancestry, a relative of Captain Eads of Mississippi jetty fame. She died in 1890. Children: 1. Margaret Josephine, m. (1) John Mam, (2) Stephen Thompkins, a daughter of the first marriage married Turner Rice, a son of the second marriage, Stephen Austill, New port News, Va.; 2. Hurieosco (q. v.), m. Aurora R. Ervin, daughter of Dr. Robert and Sarah (Tait) Ervin; 3. Kate, m. George Linnig, liv ing at Spring Hill. Last residence: Clarke County. AUSTILL, MARGARET, former member Ala bama girls' technical institute and college for women faculty. Residence: Mobile. AUSTIN, CONRAD WALL, chief law enforce ment officer, was born, June 20, 1868, near But ler Springs, Butler County; son of David Washington and Amanda (Seals) Austin, of Butler County, the former a captain of a com pany in the Confederate Army, at the begin ning of the war in 1861, but being a carpenter, was detailed to the navy yard, in which he remained until the close of the war, removed to Butler County, and in 1871, moved to Bir mingham, engaging in business, until his death in 1902. Conrad W. Austin, was educated in the public schools of Jefferson County, at High land Home academy, and at Howard college. He was on the police force of the city of Birmingham from 1888 to 1894, was chief of police, 1898 to 1901, city fire inspector, four years, chief of safety department, coal opera tors association one year. During the World war, he was supervisor of law and order at Muscle Shoals on the Tennessee River. He was appointed by Governor Kilby to head the new law enforcement department, on the creation of this office, by the legislature in 1919, having served for a short time as examiner of public accounts, as well as state fire marshal. He is a Democrat, Presbyterian, and a Mason. Mar ried. Children: Conrad W., jr. Residence, Bir mingham. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 69 AUSTIN, JAMES MAXWELL, physician, was born November 20, 1878, near Wetumpka, Elmore County; son of Judge William A. and Frances Susan (Simms) Austin (q. v.). Dr. Austin was educated in the public schools of Wetumpka, and attended the U. S. naval acad emy. He took his professional work at the medical department of the University of Ala bama, Mobile, 1904, since which time he prac ticed at Wetumpka, until his appointment as physician member of the board of convict in spectors in April, 1913. He has been physi cian at the State penitentiary; physician to the tuberculosis hospital for convicts at Wetumpka, which he assisted in establishing; and he has for a long time, been interested in prison reform. He was at one time 1st lieutenant Co. E, Second regiment, A. N. G.; is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Knight of Pythias, a member of the Elks, the Red Men, the Woodmen of the World, the Sigma Alpha Epsilon and the Phi Chi college fraternities. He is unmarried. Residence: Wetumpka. AUSTIN, JASPER CALLAN, merchant, lum berman, farmer and legislator, was born March 9, 1876, at Rising Fawn, Dade County, Ga.; son of Henry Daniel and Rebecca (Burkhalter) Austin, the former a farmer and stock raiser; grandson of Jonathan A. and Elizabeth (Henry) Austin, the latter a direct descendant of Patrick Henry, and of D. Branson Burk halter and wife, a Miss Newman, of Flat Rock and Dear Head Cave; great-grandson of John A. Austin, a soldier in the Revolutionary War. Mr. Austin was educated in the common schools of Flat Rock; Bridgeport training school; and at Pisgah male and female col lege. He is a merchant, lumberman, farmer; was justice of the peace 1911 to 1915; elected to the house of representatives of 1919, from Jackson County; local chairman liberty loan and war savings thrift stamps committees dur ing the World War; chairman board of trus tees Flat Rock high school. He is a Demo crat; Methodist; and an Odd Fellow. Mar ried: June 24, 1909, at Crossville, to Lola B., daughter of J. C. and Zemili (Morton) Crump, of Boaz. Children: 1. Edward C; 2. Annie Ruth; 3. Jasper Leon. Residence: Flat Rock. AUSTIN, WILLIAM A., farmer, probate judge, was born September 19, 1848, in New ton County, Ga.; son of Taliaferro L. and Eliza beth H. Loyall, natives of North Carolina and Georgia, respectively. He came to Alabama when a child with his parents who settled in that part of Coosa County now known as El more County; attended school in Elmore County until 1861, and in Newton County, Ga., to which place his father had returned, 1861- 1864, returned to Elmore County and resumed his studies until he was nineteen years of age, when he took up the occupation of farming. He was a member of the Elmore County Demo cratic executive committee for several years following 1880; was justice of the peace of beat number twelve, 1884-1886; was appointed by Gov. Thomas Seay, probate judge of Elmore County to fill the four years' unexpired term of J. A. Lancaster; was nominated on the Democratic ticket, March, 1892, for the same office, but was defeated; and resumed his farming which he had relinquished in 1888 to assume the position of judge. He is a mem ber of the Missionary Baptist church, is a Knight of Pythias and a Knight of Honor. Married: 1873, Susan F., daughter of Frank and Dera Simms, the former of whom was ex- treasurer of Coosa County. Children: 1. Talia ferro; 2. Frank S.; 3. Grace; 4. James Maxwell (q. v.); 5. William A.; 6. Bessie K.; 7. Ola G. Residence: Wetumpka, Elmore County. AUTREY, ALEXANDER, pioneer settler, was born January 4, 1780, in North Carolina, and died September 22, 1857, in Conecuh Coun ty. He was of French and German ancestry. He removed to Georgia in 1810, later to Mon roe County where he remained until the early part of 1816, when he removed to Conecuh County and founded Hampden Ridge. He was the second white man to settle in Conecuh County. Married: March 5, 1803, in North Carolina, to Parthenia B. Irvin. Children: among these, 1. Mrs. C. P. Robinson; 2. Mrs. Riley, mother of Rev. B. F. Riley (q. v.). Last residence: Conecuh County. AUTREY, JAMES HENRY, farmer, member constitutional convention of 1867, was born in Alabama in 1819, a descendant from Irish and Dutch stock. His father removed from North Carolina to this state in pioneer days. Mr. Autrey represented Calhoun County in the con stitutional convention of 1867, and was throughout his life a consistent union man. AVERETT, SAMUEL WOOTEN, LL.D.; de ceased, president Judson college, 1887-96. AVERIETT, WILLIAM A., farmer, was born July 17, 1830, in Lowndes County; son of Ben jamin and Sarah M. (Grubbs) Averiett, who moved from Autauga County to Lowndes County in 1828 and were among the first set tlers of the latter place, the former a native of Georgia, was one of the early traders with the Indians and for several years conducted a store for that purpose; grandson of Benjamin and Elizabeth Averiett, pioneer settlers of Ala bama who located in Autauga County. He was reared upon his father's farm, attended the public schools of the county, and later, college, at Selma. He began farming at the age of eighteen and continued on the same farm for fifty-nine years. He is a Mason and a Demo crat. Married: (1) Margaret Hamilton, born in Lowndes County, died in 1860, daughter of Moses and Susan (Maul) Hamilton; (2) Mary A. Wallis, daughter of Daniel and Louisiana (Welch) Wallis. Children, by first marriage; 1. Ella J., m. D. R. Collier; by second mar riage, 2. Lillian L; 3. W. W.; 4. Ruby R.; 5. Mary F.; 6. Onela; 7. Benjamin W. Residence: Lowndes County. AVERY, MOSES BROWN, minister, negro, was born November 22, 1833, in Pensacola, Fla.; son of Fred J. Avery, of Mobile, who pur chased his freedom, and that of his mother; 70 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY grandson of Col. Avery, a native Scot, who fought in the War of 1812. His great-grand mother was an Indian; his mother was stolen when a child and made a slave. He was taken to Mobile by his father where he was reared a freeman. He took up the study of theology; served on the Federal gunboat Clifton, was wounded in the battle of Galveston, January 1, 1863; was honorably discharged; entered the political field advocating universal suffrage for all classes; helped organize the "Union Brotherhood;" organized the first national con vention of colored men, held in Syracuse, N. Y., 1864, which resulted in the organization of the "Equal Rights League;" was elected recording secretary of the Louisiana state executive com mittee which called the first state convention of colored men in Louisiana; was elected secre tary of that convention; became assistant edi tor of the "New Orleans Tribune;" served as recording steward of St. James chapel and as secretary of the quarterly conference of that church; taught school in Wesley Chapel, the first school opened for colored children; en tered the ministry in 1866, was appointed in charge of the Pass Christian Circuit, New Or leans District, Mississippi Mission Conference, M. E. Church; was appointed registrar of vot ers in Mobile by Gen. Pope; was a member of the first state republican convention in Ala bama and elected a resident member of the state executive committee. Residence: New Orleans, La. AVERY, W. C, physician and naturalist. His collection of bird skins is preserved in the Geological museum, University of Alabama. AVERY, WILLIAM RICHARD, Baptist min ister, was born October 8, 1848, in Chambers County; son of John Walton and Elizabeth (Tomme) Avery, the former a native of Lincoln County, Ga., who emigrated to Alabama, set tling in 1846 in Chambers County, and in 1850 in Randolph County; grandson of Needham and Martha (Walton) Avery, and of Joseph and Zilpha (Vining) Tomme, of Putnam and Troup Counties, Ga. The Avery family, whose name was formerly spelled Avera, is of Welsh descent. The first emigrants of the name founded, in the seventeenth century, the town of Averysboro in North Carolina. The ancestors of the Tomme family emigrated from Holland to Pennsylvania prior to the Revolution, and after the war set tled in Georgia. Mr. Avery was educated in the country schools of Randolph County. He farmed until 1882, then entered the ministry of the Primitive Baptist church, serving as pas tor of the Wehadkee Church and moderator of the Beulah Baptist Association. He held the office of magistrate in Chambers County, 1893- 1895; was elected to the State legislature, No vember, 1906; and was re-elected in 1910. He was a delegate to the Conference of the Amer ican Society for Judicial Settlement of Inter national Disputes, at Washington, December, 1912. He is a Democrat. Married: (1) De cember 15, 1870, in Randolph County, to Mary A. Jackson, whose ancestors emigrated from Ireland prior to the Revolutionary War, daugh ter of William and Mary (Knight) Jackson, of Randolph County; (2) January 19, 1896, to Martha Alice Lee, of Irish descent, daughter of Isom and Mary (Weathers) Lee of the same country. Children, by first marriage: 1. Mary E., m. Joseph O. Smith; 2. Charles Needham, m. Adla Nelson; 3. Green Jackson, deceased; 4. Wyatte Henderson; 5. Lucy, m. George W. Lee; 6. Willie Myrtle; 7. William Mitchell; by second marriage, 8. Olen Lee; 9. Jessie B.; 10. Ben Carter. Residence: Wehadkee. AVERY, WILLIAM T., lieutenant colonel, 1st Alabama, Tennessee and Mississippi infantry regiment, C. S. Army. He was a Tennesseean. AYRES, ALBERT M., farmer, probate judge, was born October 23, 1843, in Macon, Ga.; son of Asher and Mary (Cutter) Ayres, the former a native of Woodbridge County, N. J., who moved to Georgia and established himself there as a merchant; grandson of Asher and Fannie Ayres, of Woodbridge County, N. J., and of Henry S. and Anna (Herb) Cutter, natives, re spectively, of Massachusetts and Georgia. He was educated in private schools, and in col leges at Yonkers and Cornwall, N. Y., from which latter place, he was graduated in civil engineering just before the outbreak of the War of Secession. He entered the C. S. Army, joining the First regiment, engineer corps, of the army of Virginia, and served throughout the war. After the close of the war, he farmed and engaged in the profession of civil engineer for twenty years in Marshall County. He was elected judge of the probate court of Marshall County, 1898; and represented the seventh dis trict as member of the board of trustees of the Agricultural College at Albertville. He is a Democrat. Married: March, 1877, Nannie C. Forster, of Marshall County. Children: 1. Albert M., jr.; 2. Ira F. Residence: Marshall County. AYRES, MILAN VALENTINE, electrical railway engineer, was born February 14, 1875, at Hamlin, Brown County, Kan.; son of Milan Church and Georgiana (Gall) Ayres. He was graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, S. B., 1898; attended a course in electrical engineering at the General Electric Company, Schenectady, N. Y., 1899-1900; was engineer with that company, 1899-1902; me chanical engineer with the Boston & Worcester Street Railway, South Framingham, Mass., 1902-1911; studied law with T. H. Innes in Bos ton, and was admitted to the Massachusetts bar, 1909; became assistant general manager of the Rockland Light & Power Company at Nyack, N. Y., instituting methods of scientific management while in that position, July to November, 1911; and was made chief engineer of the Mobile Light & Railroad Company, No vember, 1911. He is a member of the Congre gational church; of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers; of the American Electric Railway Engineering Association; and is author of numerous technical papers and re ports. Married: September 14, 1910, Emma Gertrude Stevens, of Newton Highlands, Mass. Residence: 982 Dauphin Way, Mobile. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 71 BABB, MARY CYNTHIA MORRISON, teacher, and for many years a resident of Ala bama, was born November 2, 1848, In Kos suth, Tishomingo County, Miss.; daughter of Robert Russell and Elizabeth Ann (Wheeler) Morrison, the former descended from a Scotch family of Cabarrus County, N. O, members of which early emigrated to Dallas County, and Mississippi, and the latter of North Carolina. Miss Morrison was educated in the rural schools of her native county; graduated from Chickasaw female college, M. E. L., 1873; in 1898 studied Bible and literature, and the fol lowing summer, 1899, experimental chemistry, at Chautauqua, N. Y.; and in 1903 took the course in experimental chemistry at Harvard university. She taught for several years in the rural schools at home and at Middleton, Tenn.; 1878-1882, at Leighs' chapel, near Ar rington, Tenn.; 1883-89, instructor in science, Soule female college; 1890-95, Memphis con ference institute, Jackson, Tenn,, while at this institution received the honorary degree of LL. M.; 1895 presiding teacher, Huntsville fe male college; 1896, taught at Gadsden; for ten years 1897-1907, lady principal, Alabama girls industrial school, now Technical institute and college for women, at Montevallo. Married: August 31, 1877, to Rev. James A. Babb, of West Point and Tibbie, Miss. Residence: Kos suth, Miss. BABER, E. F., Pioneer Missionary Baptist preacher; father of Recorder Baber of Mont gomery, deceased. BACON, JOEL SMITH, Baptist minister, while not a native of the State, spent several years in ministerial and educational work in Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Virginia. His work in this field covered the period from 1844 to 1866. Dr. Bacon was born in Cayuga County, New York, September 3, 1802, and died at Rich mond, Va., November 3, 1869; was well edu cated, graduating at Hamilton college, Clinton, New York, 1826; held various educational po sitions from 1826 to 1829; president of George town college, 1829-1833; ordained to the min istry in 1831, and entered actively upon pas toral work; in 1843 elected president of Colum bian college at Washington, D. C, where he re mained until 1854. His influence in the edu cational life of Alabama was marked, and he is held in grateful memory by many of the older people of the State. Married: Miss Porter. There were children to this marriage, among these two daughters. Last residence: Rich mond, Va. BACON, RICHARD, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 73, and a resident of Madi son County; private and commissary Virginia Continental Line; enrolled on December 31, 1832, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $73.33. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BAGBY, ARTHUR PENDLETON, lawyer and governor, was born in 1794, in Louisa County, Va., and died September 21, 1858, in Mobile, member of an old and aristocratic family of Virginia. He received a splendid education before coming to Alabama, settled in Claiborne, where he finished reading law and began the practice in 1819. He represented Monroe Coun ty in the legislature, in 1821, re-elected in 1822, and chosen speaker, being the youngest mem ber that ever occupied that position in the State. He was again a member of the house in 1824, senate, 1825, re-elected to the house in 1834, 1835, and 1836, serving again as speaker during the latter year. In 1837 he was elected governor over Samuel W. Oliver, of Conecuh County, and in 1839 he was re-elected without opposition. He began his administration at a time of great financial distress which abated little during, his four years of administration. During his term the Cherokees were peaceably removed from the State, the chancery court was reorganized, and the banking system was in a splendid condition. Governor Bagby was elected in 1841 to the United States senate to succeed Clement C. Clay, who had resigned, and was re-elected, serving in all from November 24, 1841, until June 16, 1848, when he resigned In 1848, President Polk appointed him envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to the court of St. Petersburg, resigning at the end of a year upon the election of President Taylor, and was succeeded by William Rufus King. He resided for a while in Camden, was on the committee with Judge Ormond and Gov ernor Clay to codify the laws of Alabama and in 1856 removed to Mobile. He was originally a National Republican, but when General Jack son issued the anti-nullification proclamation Governor Bagby supported him, and became a Democrat. He was a Baptist. Married: (1) Emily Steele, of Georgia; (2) in 1828, to Anne Elizabeth, daughter of Capt. Simon and Mary Connell, of Darlington, S. C. Children- 1 Mary, deceased; 2. Adelaide, m. Thomas Ham let Wilson; 3. Arthur Pendleton, graduate, West Point, brigadier-general, C. S. Army of Hallettsville, Texas; 4. Virginia, d. young- 5 Anna, m. Dr. L. T. Hall; 6. Alabama, m. s! c" Thielgard; 7. Simon Connell, lieutenant, 3rd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army 8 John Hampden, m. Susan Dossey; 9. Ellen m. (1) 0. P. Hall, (2) Joseph Beardslee. Last residence: Mobile. BAGWELL, FREDERICK, soldier of the American Revolution, a resident of Fayette County; private; particular service not dis closed; enrolled on August 20, 1835, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $50 — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile He resided in Fayette County, June 1, 1840 aged 80— Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. BAILES, ELDRIDGE, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Mad ison County; private S. C. Continental Line; enrolled on January 24, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $75; sums received to date of publication of list, $225.— 72 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BAILEY, JAMES FRANCIS, lawyer, was born January 12, 1811, in Wilkes County, Ga., died, April 18, 1889, at Marion, son of John Guinn and Mary Bailey, of Wilkes County, who removed about 1818 to Perry County, set tled in the eastern part of the county not far from Perryville, then the county seat, and became a farmer. Judge Bailey graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1834; was a preceptor there the year following, and in 1838 received the honorary degree of M. A.; took a law course at University of Virginia; began practice at Marion, in 1837; was for seven years associated in the practice with John N. Walthall; was a soldier in the Mexi can War; represented Perry County in the house of representatives, 1847-48; in 1850 elected first probate judge of the county and served until 1865; was a member of the seces sion convention, 1861; and "was the only one that voted for the ordinance of secession who was re-elected to the convention of 1865. (Brewer) Judge Bailey found time, in the midst of his professional duties to acquire a profound knowledge of meteorology, and he may justly rank as a pioneer scientific stu dent and observer. He wrote and published much on the subject, and his theories largely prevail in the weather predictions of the present day. He was a Democrat; and a Bap tist. Married: December 9, 1849, to Ellen Amanda, daughter of Middleton Augustus and Elizabeth Sellers (Coleman) Moseley of Perry rountv Children: 1. James Francis; 2. Henry Edmonds; 3. Unnamed infant; 4. Mary Eliza beth, m. George P. White, (q. v.), 5. Fannie Dorothy, m. J. L. Thompson, father of Capt. Herman W. Thompson; 6. Isabel, m. John D. Graham of Marion; 7. John Guinn, of Liver pool !jE,' unmarried'. Last residence: Marion. BAILEY, JONATHAN, discoverer and pro prietor of Bailey Springs, Lauderdale County. Author: "A History and description of the Bailey Springs," published in Memphis, Tenn., by William M. Hutton, 1860. BAILEY NAPOLEON A., Baptist minister, was born September 5, 1833, in Lawrence Coun ty His mother was a native of Maryland and his father of Virginia. He was baptized and united with the Liberty Baptist church, Law rence County, in July, 1850; licensed in 1853; graduated from Union university, Murfrees- norT Tenn., July, 1859. His first charge was the church in which he was baptized; moved to Florida; later to Georgia where he preached and at the same time was acting president of Houston female college; served the churches at Milledgeville and Dalton; removed to Califor nia- returned to Alabama; subsequently re moved to Georgia where he served the Quit man church. He was for six years assistant secretary of the Georgia Baptist convention. BAILY, FRANCIS, president of the Royal astronomical society. Author: "Journal of a tour in unsettled parts of North America in 1796 and 1797," published in 1856. BAILY, MOSES, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 79, and a resident of Madison County; private Virginia Continental Line; en rolled on January 24, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832; payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BAILY, REUBEN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 70, and a resident of Lime stone County; private S. C. Continental Line; enrolled on April 25, 1825, under act of Con gress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from March 4, 1825; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BAINE, DAVID WILLIAM, lawyer, was born August 28, 1829, at Western Reserve, O.; and died June 30, 1862, at Frazier's Farm, Va.; son of John and Maria (Adkins) McBain, the for mer a native of Caithness, Scotland, the latter, of Connecticut. He was graduated from Tran sylvania University, Meadville, Pa., at the age of seventeen, and took first honors in law; taught school in Cherokee County, Ala.; was admitted to the Alabama bar in 1848; became partner of Hon. Thomas B. Cooper, at Centre, Cherokee County; moved to Lowndes County in 1856, where he was the law partner of S. P. Smith, at one time adjutant general of the state; was a delegate to the Charleston Na tional Convention in 1860. At the beginning of the war in 1861, he volunteered in the first conipany that left Lowndes County for Pensacola, Fla. Later he was a private in the First Alabama infantry; was chosen lieutenant-colonel at the organiza tion of the Fourteenth Alabama infantry and accompanied it to Virginia. He left a hospital to lead the regiment at Seven Pines and on the second day, fainted from physical prostra tion, but on recovering, overtook the regiment and led it forward. He led his regiment at Gaines Mill where his bravery has been men tioned in the historical account of the battle. He was killed leading his regiment against a Federal battery at Frazier's Farm, Va., June 30, 1862. A county was named in his honor in 1866 but was changed by the de facto legisla ture in 1868. He was a Democrat. Married: November 29, 1848, in Cherokee County, Mary Hogue, daughter of Jesse and Mildred Lewis (Powell) Hogue, who lived at Clarkesville, Habersham County, Ga.; great- great-granddaughter of Thomas and Mildred McCay (Lewis) Rowland, the former a soldier in the Revolutionary War; great-great-great- granddaughter of John and Sarah (Taliaferro) Lewis of Virginia, great-great-great-great- granddaughter of David Lewis of Hanover County, Virginia, who with his brother, Gen. Robert Lewis, emigrated from Wales and set tled in Virginia about 1660. Children: 1. Mary, m. in 1864, Hon. Willis Brewer of Hayne- JUDGE WILLIAM H. THOMAS DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 75 ville; 2. Thomas Cooper, b. February 9, 1860, m. in 1884, Annie Lee Gilchrist, granddaughter of Archibald Gilchrist, of Lowndes County. Last residence: Lowndes County. BAKER, ALPHEUS, teacher, lawyer, briga dier-general, C. S. Army; born May 23, 1825, in Abbeville Court House, S. C, and died Octo ber 2, 1891, in Louisville, Ky.; son of Alpheus and Eliza (Courtney) Baker, the latter a native of Cork, Ireland, the former born November 3, 1780, at Athol, Mass., a student in Dartmouth college, N. H., graduating with Daniel Webster, he became eminent as a teacher and scholar in the south. Gen. Baker was so thoroughly educated by his father that he became a teacher himself at the age of sixteen, holding positions at Abbeville, S. C, Lumpkin, Ga., and Glen- ville, Barbour County, Ala., where he settled in 1848. While studying law he taught music and was admitted to the bar in 1849, practicing in Eufaula. In 1856 he accompanied Major Buford to Kansas, and returned to canvass the country to arouse the people to the importance of mak ing Kansas a slave state. In 1861, he repre sented Barbour County in the legislature,, but resigned and entered the C. S. Army as captain of the "Eufaula Rifles" which he led to Pensa cola. In November, 1861, at Ft. Pillow, he was elected colonel of the Fifty-fourth Alabama regi ment composed of Tennessee, Mississippi, and Alabama troops, the command participating in the siege of New Madrid. The regiment was captured at Island Number Ten, Mississippi River, April 19, 1862, and sent to Camp Chase, and from there to Johnson's Island, but the prisoners were exchanged in September, and four Alabama companies took the place of the four Tennessee companies in his regiment. During the engagement at Fort Pemberton, on the Yazoo River and at Baker's Creek, where he was severely wounded in the foot, his regiment fought valiantly. On March 5, 1864, he was promoted brigadier-general and assigned, March 19, to a brigade, which con sisted of the Thirty-seventh, Fortieth, and the Forty-second Alabama regiments. A few weeks later his command was increased by the addi tion of the Fifty-fourth Alabama regiment. On July 28, 1864, he was wounded at the battle of Ezra Church. In the middle of September, his brigade was transferred to Mobile, and increased by the addition of the Third Alabama battalion reserves, and the Twenty-second Loui siana regiment. In January, 1865, his brigade left Mobile to join the C. S. Army in the Carolinas, and participated in the battle of Bentonville, March 19, 1865. At the close of the war he returned to his home in Eufaula and practiced law, leaving in November, 1878, for Louisville, Ky., where he became prominent at the bar. He was a Democrat, and a Roman Catholic. Married: (1) January 7, 1851, Louise Garvin, deceased; (2) December 4, 1866, Pheribee M., daughter of Robert and Eliza (Toney) Ricks, of Clay County, Ga. Children: 1. Pheribee May, deceased; 2. Eliza Toney, m. John A. Murray; 3. Robert Ricks, m. Miss Har- ton; 4. Parilee, m. James A. Edwards; 5. Julia, died in infancy; 6. Sterling Toney, died young. Last residence: Louisville, Ky. BAKER, ALPHEUS ESTES, business man, was born March 24, 1834, near Tuscumbia, Franklin County; and died January 27, 1910, at Meridian, Miss.; son of John William and Martha Jane (Estes) Baker; grandson of John Baker who married a Miss Kavanaugh, and of Samuel and Martha Estes of Petersburg, Va., the latter a soldier of the Revolutionary War, who came to Tennessee from Ireland. He received his early schooling at Warsaw, Sumter County, and was graduated from the Chamberlain Commercial College, Baltimore, Md. He formed a partnership with his brother, R. H. Baker, in Selma, in the wholesale gro cery business from 1859 until it failed in 1873; was elected cashier of the Selma Savings Bank in 1875, which position he occupied for twenty years; was mayor of Selma from 1882 until 1884. He enlisted in the C. S. Army, April, 1862, and was mustered out after serving nine ty days. He was a Democrat, a Mason and a Presbyterian. Married: (1) In 1857, Mamie Strang, daughter of Gen. Strang of Mobile; (2) In September, 1883, Sallie Huntington Clancy, daughter of Thomas and Carolyne (At- wood) Clancy, of Marion. Children, by first marriage: 1. Mattie, b. July 29, 1858, d. July, 1860; 2. Strang, b. May 7, 1860, d. June 12, 1872; 3. Robert Harry, b. July 4, 1862, d. Decem ber 17, 1896; 4. Allie, b. October 4, 1864, m. Lizzie Pierce; 5. Mary Elizabeth, b. June 12, 1872, m. Eugene Butler; 6. Lizette, b. Septem ber 23, 1874, d. September 23, 1895; by second marriage, 7. James Clancy, b. June 24, 1884, m. Cora Huggins; 8. Carrie, b. September 3, 1885, m. Ramsey Bancroft; 9. John W., b. December, 1886; 10. Cecil, b. December 21, 1889. Last residence: Meridian, Miss. BAKER, BENJAMIN HURT, lawyer, was born April 1, 1811, in Walton County, Ga.; died June 4, 1864, at Crawford, Ala. Little is known about his ancestry save that his mother was killed by lightning while rocking the cradle in which he lay. His early educational opportuni ties were very limited and he acquired his edu cation by very large reading after his maturity. He moved to Russell County in 1836; was sheriff of Russell from 1840 until 1843; read law in the office of Mr. Heidenfelt; began the prac tice of law in 1844; was elected to the Ala bama legislature, serving in the house in 1847; was re-elected to the house, 1849; succeeded Capt. Abercrombie in the senate, 1851, and con tinued there until the end of the session of 1855; represented the county in the constitu tional convention of 1861. He was a captain in the early Indian wars; became lieutenant colonel of the Sixth Alabama infantry early in the War of Secession; served until he lost his health in 1863, was discharged and died at home the next year. He was a Bell and Everett Elector; debated with Yancey in eastern Ala bama against Yancey's radical views; was a Mason and a member of the Methodist Episco pal church, south. Married: (1) In 1830, Martha Oliver, an orphan, died six months later; (2) At Forsyth, Ga., 1833, Eliza Greer, daughter of Leonard and Elizabeth Greer, of Forsyth, Ga. Children: 1. Mary Ann Elizabeth Greer, m. Sidney Smith; 76 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 2. James Monroe; 3. Frances Marion, m. J. R. Holland; 4. Harrison; 5. Punch; 6. Albert Cornelius, lawyer, was chief justice of the su preme court of Arizona, resides in Phoenix, Ariz.; 7. Elisha Hunt, was in the Alabama leg islature; 8. Benjamin Marbry, lawyer; served in three Texas legislatures; was state superin tendent of public instruction, Texas; served as judge of the thirty-first judicial district of Texas for sixteen years; 9. Sidney Smith, merchant, was a member of the legislature, resides in Carthage, Tex.; 10. Helen Matella, m. W. A. McAlvey; 11. Lura Belle, m. H. H. Holland, resides at Houston, Tex. Last residence: Craw ford, Russell County. BAKER, BERTSIL B., teacher, was born No vember 2, 1875, at Harrod, Allen County, Ohio; son of John Newton and Mary Elizabeth (Doud) Baker, who lived at Harrod; grandson of Rev. Jacob L. and Mary Baker of Lima, Ohio, and Owen and Mary Doud, of Wyandot County, Ohio. The Baker family migrated from Germany to America about 1800, resided first at Germantown, Pa., and later located in Allen County, Ohio. Mr. Baker received his early education in the common schools of Hardin County, Ohio. Later attended the high school of Harrod; attended the Chesterfield, S. C, academy one year; graduated at Mt. Morris college; completed his professional course at McPherson college, Kansas, 1901, with the de gree of M. S. D., and graduated at Ohio north ern university, Ada, Ohio, 1903, and later A. M.; taught four years in rural schools, and has held principalships in the Pennville, Ind., high school, 1903-04; Whistler (Ala.) public schools, 1904-05; assistant principal boys' high school, Mobile, 1905-08; president, Daphne State nor mal, 1908-15. He is a Baptist and a Democrat. Married: July 24, 1905, to Bonnie M., daughter of Lewellyn M. and Martha A. White, of Penn ville, Ind. Children: 1. Donnave. Residence: Daphne. BAKER, CLAUDIUS AUGUSTUS, Presby terian minister, was born October 27, 1839, at Walthourville, Liberty County, Ga., and died August 7, 1893, at Opelika; son of William Quarterman and Anna Lydia (Mallard) Baker; the former was born near Midway, Liberty County, Ga., December 8, 1800, lived at Walthourville, was a cotton planter; grandson of John Elijah Baker, who lived near Riceboro, Liberty County, came from Dorchester, Eng land, and of John Mallard, who lived at Walthourville. Rev. Mr. Baker attended school at Walthourville; received degree of A. B. from Oglethorpe university, near Milledgeville, Ga., perhaps in 1859; attended Theological seminary at Columbia, S. C; pastor at Orion, Pike County, Louisville, Barbour County; Tallahas see, Fla.; New Harmony, Chambers County, and, during twenty-three years, of the First Presbyterian church at Opelika. He was a Democrat. Married: May 22, 1851, at Orion, to Mary Eleanor, daughter of John and Jane (Bigham) Canning, of Orion. No children. Last residence: Opelika. BAKER, C. ROSS, Missionary Baptist min ister, 1913. Residence: Opelika. BAKER, DANIEL ABSALOM, lawyer and State senator, was born June 9, 1853, at China Grove, Pike County; son of Abner and Margaret (Vaughan) Baker, the former a Methodist minister, removed from South Carolina to Alabama and later to Florida; served as cap tain of a company of Florida State militia from Holmes County, and helped greatly in suppress ing the depredation of deserters and outlaws in that section of the South, was probate judge of Holmes County, Fla., one term, and also taught school for about twenty-five years; grandson of Willoby and Rachael (Copeland) Baker, and of James and Rachael Vaughan, from near Geneva, but originally from Virginia; great-grandson of Ripley Copeland, a Revolu tionary soldier, who fought under General Wayne, participating in the storming of Stony Point, and of Jesse Baker, a Revolutionary soldier under General Marion in the Carolinas. Senator Baker received only a limited early education on account of the War of Secession; for two years was teacher in Florida; studied law and in 1890, at Troy, was admitted to the bar; admitted to the practice in the supreme court of Alabama, in 1891; was tax assessor of Pike County, 1882 to fill unexpired term; cen sus enumerator 1880, 1890 and 1900; served as a member of the house of representatives of 1890. and of 1900-01 from Pike County; and was a member of the State senate from the twenty- fifth district. Married: January, 1871, to Margaret M., daughter of Thomas and Rachael Madison, of Pike County. Children: 1. Eugene A., m. Sallie Johnson; 2. Jessie Galena, m. James Madison; 3. Abner M., m. Pearl Wise; 4. William E., m. Lalia ; 5. Katie B., m. J. B. Vaughn; 6. A. L., m. Bessie ; 7. D. J. Baker, unmarried. Residence: Troy. BAKER, DANIEL HARRIS, physician, was born January 17, 1861, in Coosa County; son of Dr. Neal H. and Mary J. (McAdory) Baker (q. v.). Dr. Baker received his elementary education in the public schools of Goodwater, and within .six weeks of his graduation with drew from the University of Alabama on ac count of the prolonged illness of his mother; studied medicine under Dr. J. B. Kelly of Coosa County; graduated at Vanderbilt uni versity in 1881, with the degree of M. D. and located at Gadsden. He is a member of the Alabama medical association and has been health officer of Etowah County. He is a Democrat. Married: March 23, 1886, in Tus kegee, Fannie H., daughter of Col. Robert H. and Fannie R. (Gary) Abercrombie, of that place. Children: 1. Fannie May; 2. Annie Eliza; 3. Robert Hayden. Residence: Gadsden. BAKER, ENOCH MARVIN, lawyer, teacher and member house of representatives, was born March 2, 1879, near Ft. Payne, DeKalb County; son of Andrew Tyler and Eliza Jane (McSpad- den) Baker, the former served as a private in the C. S. Army; grandson of Rufus Morgan and Annie Elizabeth Baker, who lived in vari- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 77 ous counties in Alabama and Tennessee, and of Samuel Donaldson and Mary McSpadden, who resided in DeKalb County. He was edu cated in the public schools on Lookout Moun- t£ i> attentied the North Alabama college at Pt. Payne one term, and a private school for teachers for a year and a half; read law in the office of Judge W. W. Haralson; admitted to the bar, August 17, 1912; entered on prac tice at Ft. Payne in 1913. Before engaging in the practice of law he was for seven years a teacher, in DeKalb, Cherokee and Etowah Counties. He represented DeKalb County in the general assembly of 1919. He is a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: June 19, 1918, at Rising Fawn, Ga., to Mary Alma, daughter of William L. and Mary Ellen (Norwood) Alli son, of that place. Residence: Ft. Payne. BAKER, GEORGE OSCAR, mechanical and mining engineer, was born February 29, 1828, at Philadelphia, Pa., and died October 18, 1891, at Selma; son of George C. and Mary Anne (House) Baker, who lived at Philadelphia, the former, major of the second battalion of the Fourth regiment of militia, commonwealth of Pennsylvania; grandson of John and Barbara Baker, of Philadelphia. The ancestry of the family is English. Mr. Baker was educated in Philadelphia, and came south in 1855, settling in Alabama. He had passed examinations for entrance to the U. S. Navy, but resigned in favor of a friend who had made the same record. He was a mechanical and mining en gineer and for some years he was connected with the Montevallo Coal Company, then moved to Selma and engaged in the grain business. During the War of Secession, he started from home to join the C. S. Army twice, but was recalled both times, as his coal mines were run mainly for the government, and his presence was a vital necessity. In 1870, with a Mr. Bar ker, he bought out the cotton-seed oil mill that had been established at Selma by some north erners, and became largest owner and president of the Central City Cotton Oil Mills Company. He was a successful planter and worked for years in conjunction with Prof. Riley, a govern ment expert, to secure a remedy for the cotton worm, until their efforts were successful. The Mexican government, through its minister at Washington, sent two young Mexicans to spend a year with Mr. Baker, in order to learn cot ton culture from the beginning. He set aside two acres on one of his plantations for their use, where they ploughed, sewed, and picked their two bales of cotton, saw them through the press and compress, and returned with their bales to their own country. Soon after that in cident, Mr. Baker and his family were invited to visit Mexico as guests of the Mexican gov ernment, but the invitation was declined. Mr. Baker opened the Belzora gold mines in Vir ginia, and named them for his Wife. He also owned and worked the Montevallo Coal Mines. He was president of the board of trustees of the public schools of Selma, and of the board of trustees of Dallas Academy. He was a mem ber of a group of judges on cotton and cotton products at the Centennial Exposition, 1876. During his youth, when he lived for a year in New York, he boarded in the same house with Cyrus McCormick, inventor of the reaper, Elias Howe, inventor of the first sewing machine, and Joseph Jefferson. At one time, Mr. Baker wrote a play, "The Prairie Wolf," for Mr. Jeffer son, who played the lead. In later years, Mr. Howe taught Mrs. Baker how to use the first sewing machine ever brought to Selma, and the chair that accompanied the machine, is in the possession of her descendants. The friend ship with Mr. Jefferson continued until the death of Mr. Baker, who was to have been, with Grover Cleveland, executor of Mr. Jefferson's will. Mr. Baker declined the Democratic nomi nation for governor of Alabama, and declined an appointment as commissioner to Paris to the last exposition held there. He was a Demo crat, and a member of the vestry of St. Paul's Episcopalian Church, Selma. Married: Feb ruary 27, 1854, at Petersburg, Va., Belzora Miner, daughter of Elisha W. and Nancy (Latham) Miner, who lived at Poquetanuck, Conn.; a descendant of the Puritan, Thomas Miner, who came to America in the ship Ara bella, and was identified with the early history of New London, and Stonington, Conn, and was noted as one of the few men of his day who could write. Children: 1. Nellie V., Selma; 2. Mary M., m. Albert G. Parrish, Selma; 3. Joseph Miner, m. Lillian Hall, Selma; 4. George Lippard, m. Franceska G. Ford, Co lumbia, S. C; 5. Mabel, deceased; 6. Hattie, m. James Parrish, Nashville, Tenn.; 7. Grace, m. Joseph B. Evans, Selma. Last residence: Selma. BAKER, JAMES NORMENT, physician and surgeon, was born April 11, 1876, at Abingdon, Washington County, Va.; son of James Biscoe and Sallie Claiborne (Barksdale) Baker, the former a native of Middleburg, Loudoun County, Va., who lived at Abingdon for a num ber of years, where he was principal of the Abingdon male academy, removed in 1884 to the University of Virginia where he became librarian and secretary to the faculty of that institution, a position he held until his death in 1902, was captain in First Virginia cavalry, C. S. Army, and seriously wounded at the first battle of Manassas; grandson of Edward Mar- cellus and Elizabeth Rogers (Biscoe) Baker, and of Dr. Claiborne W. and Sallie Norment (Whitlock) Barksdale, the former resided at Middleburg, Va., and the latter lived at Whit lock, Halifax County, Va. Dr. Baker attended the University high school, the Charlottesville high school, and graduated from the University of Virginia with the degrees of B. A., 1895, M. D. in 1898. He was demonstrator in histology and clinical instructor in surgery in the medi cal department, University of Virginia, 1897-98; interne, St. Vincent's hospital, Norfolk, Va., 1898-99; house surgeon, Plant system hospital, Waycross, Ga., 1899-1900; house surgeon, Plant hospital, Montgomery, 1900-02; surgeon-in-chief, Montgomery city infirmary, 1902-03; visiting surgeon, St. Margaret's hospital, Montgomery; secretary, Medical association State of Ala bama, 1902 to 1915; president, Montgomery 78 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY county medical society, 1908-09; president, Med ical association of the State of Alabama, 1915- 16. Author: one of the editors of annual Trans actions of the Medical association Alabama, 1906-16. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; member American, Southern, and Alabama med ical associations and of the Southern surgical and gynecological association. Married: April 29, 1908, at Montgomery, to Marguerite Wiley, daughter of Judge Samuel F. and Ellen (Fitz- gibbon) Rice (q. v.) of that place. Children: 1. Samuel Rice; 2. James Norment jr. Resi dence : Montgomery. BAKER, MOSELEY, lawyer, died in 1865, in Texas. He was one of the pioneer business men and lawyers of Autauga and Montgomery Counties. Married: daughter of William Rai- ford Pickett (q. v.). Last residence: Texas. BAKER, NEAL H., physician, was born January 3, 1823, in Fayetteville, N. C, and died at Goodwater, Coosa County, April 22, 1877. His father was a Scotchman, who came to America in 1798 and lived in North Carolina until his death in 1830, a soldier of the War of 1812, and a musician who paid his passage to America by playing a flute and violin on the voyage. Dr. Baker was left orphaned at an early age and brought his younger brothers and sisters to Alabama where he supported them and secured an edu cation. He studied medicine under Dr. James Kelly, of Coosa County, and graduated at the University of New York in 1849. He returned to Coosa County for the practice and there he spent the remainder of his life. Married: in 1852, in Coosa County, Mary J., daughter of Robert McAdory and wife, who was a Miss Mc- Kinney. Children: 1. Kate, m. W. A. Gamble; 2. Emma D., m. B. Z. Gamble; 3. Sallie A., m. W. M. Neighbors; 4. Celia E., m. A. S. Dean; 5. Daniel H. (q. v.) ; 6. Mary. Last Residence: Goodwater. ¦ i BAKER, NAAMAN RIMMON, teacher, was born February 2, 1868, at Alger, Hardin County, Ohio; son of John Newton and Mary Elizabeth (Doud) Baker, the father a native of Mt. Vernon, Knox County in that state; grandson of Jacob Leatherman and Elmina (Miller) Baker, who lived at Harrod, and of Owen and Harriet (Higbie) Doud, who lived at Westminster, and Lima, all in Ohio and the great-grandson of John Deal Baker of Allegheny County, Pa. Mrs. J. L. Baker's mother, a Miss Jackson, was a cousin of Gen. Andrew Jackson ; and the tra dition is that the grandfather of Mary Doud fought with the "Green Mountain Boys" at Bennington, and that his wife was a King. Mr. Baker attended rural schools in Labette County, Kan., and Hardin County, O., graduated in classical course at Mt. Morris college, 111., 1890 ; received honorary degree of A. M. from Line- ville (Ala.) college, 1909; principal Chesterfield, S. C. academy 1891-5; principal Citronelle school, 1895-99; principal Whistler high school, 1899-1903; assistant superintendent, Mobile County, 1903-8; superintendent Ensley schools, 1908-10; assistant superintendent, Bir mingham schools, 1910-11; State supervisor elementary rural schools, 1911-15; member executive committee, Alabama educational association, 1906-10; president of that association 1909-10; organized a teachers' reading circle in Mobile County, 1903; and a member committee for State suggestive course for rural schools. For a time he was one of the editors of the "Educational Ex change," the official organ of the educational forces of the State. On retiring from work in the State department of education, he removed to Jefferson County, where he became county superintendent of education. He is a Democrat and a Baptist. Author: "Constancy and other poems," 1895, "Annual Report Ensley Public Schools," 1909; founded "Citronelle College Call," later the "Citronelle Call," a regular weekly publication. Married: June 4, 1891, at Hagerstown, Md., to Jessie Martin Stinson, daughter and Marion and Ruth Anna (Martin) Stinson, of Marion, Iowa; granddaughter of Isaac N. and Elizabeth (Reed) Martin, the former a brother of Benjamin Martin, paymas ter general in the Federal Army, 1861-65, the latter an English Quakeress descended from William Penn. Children: 1. Paul Byrant, d. young; 2. Harold John; 3. Ruth Elizabeth. Residence: Birmingham. BAKER, PURLEY ALBERT, Methodist min ister, national superintendent, anti-saloon league; was born April 10, 1858, at Liberty Township, Jackson County, O.; son of Albert and Marinda (Byron) Baker, natives respec tively of Carrollton, O., and Liberty Township, O.; grandson of John and Mary Byron, of Lib erty Township, O. His father died before Rev. Baker was born, and he was reared on a farm in Ohio; received his early education from the public schools; and attended Xenia Normal School, Ohio. He taught school for two years; entered the Methodist Episcopal ministry in 1883; and was a pastor and member of the Ohio Conference for thirteen years. During that time, he served on the Jasper Circuit for two years; at Racine, four years; at Gallipolis, five years; and at the Third Street Church, Colum bus, O, two years. He then entered the work of the anti-saloon league as superintendent of the district of Cleveland, O.; held that position for one year; was elected state superintendent of the anti-saloon league and served for six years; was elected national superintendent of the league, and has held that position for sev enteen years. He was three times a member of the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church; is an Independent Republi can, a Master Mason, and a Knight of Pythias. Married: August 27, 1884, at Washington Court House, O, Lillie I. Greene, daughter of Patrick Joseph and Asenith (Dallison) Greene, of Rose- ville, O.; granddaughter of John and Mary Greene, of McGenery Grange Estate, County of Cavin, Ireland, and of James and Mahala Dallison of Pennsylvania. The Dallisons are of Scotch ancestry. Residence: Montgomery. BAKER, ROBERT A., commission merchant, was born 1802, in Tennessee, and died in 1886 in Mobile. He came with his parents to Madi son County when quite young; received a lim- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 79 ited education; moved to .Franklin County in 1826, where he became a planter; represented Franklin County in the legislature in 1834 and was four times successively re-elected; was elected speaker of the house in 1840 to succeed Hon. Samuel Walker; moved to Sumter and later to Mobile, where he became a commission merchant. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Married: (1) Miss Lamp- kin, of Madison County; (2) Mrs. (Mimms) Potts, daughter of Seaborn Mimms, esq., of Sumter. Children: Three sons, merchants of Mobile; a daughter who married Rev. T. C. Weir of the Mississippi Conference. Last resi dence: Mobile. BAKER, SAMUEL, soldier of the American Revolution, private, particular service not dis closed; enrolled on February 19, 1835, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $20; re moved to Kentucky. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. BALDRIDGE, MILTON COLUMBUS, physi cian, was born May 12, 1832, in Cornersville, Marshall County, Tenn.; son of William and Elizabeth Caroline (Mitchell) Baldridge. The former a native of North Carolina born in 1809, the latter of Scotch-Irish descent. He was reared on a farm; received a common school education; followed the tanner's trade, the trade of his father, for several years; and began to study medicine in 1850, at Florence, under Dr. Jefferson P. Mitchell. He attended lectures in the Medical College of Ohio, at Cincinnati, and practiced medicine under a license from a state hoard of examiners until 1874, when he gradu ated in Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York. He enlisted in the medical department of the C. S. Army; served as assistant surgeon in the Twenty-seventh Alabama and the Forty- eighth Tennessee regiments, until failing health forced him to abandon the service. After the war he practiced in Madison County until 1871, when he moved to Huntsville. He was elected health officer of Madison County in 1882. He is ex-president of the State Medical Association; president of the Madison County Medical So ciety; chairman of the Board of Medical Exam iners; member of the American Public Health Association; and fellow of the Southern Surgi cal and Gynecological Association. He has con tributed several papers to medical journals and to the transactions of the State Medical Asso ciation. He is a member of all Masonic bodies, is an Odd Fellow, Knight of Pythias, and a Knight of Honor. He is a member of the Meth odist Episcopal church, South. Married: (1) July 16, 1855, Miss N. C. Neely, daughter of An derson P. and Eliza M. (Cannon) Neely, of Lau derdale County, died April, 1878; (2) In Sep tember, 1880, Ella M. Johnson, daughter of Andrew and Sarah E. Johnson of Huntsville. Children, by first marriage, 1. James Alexander, d. October 6, 1856; 2. Viola Beatrice, m. Bently H. Brooks, Paris, Tex.; 3. Mollie Bertie, d. March, 1866; 4. Felix Edgar, Huntsville; 5. Stella Corvin, Huntsville; 6. Percy, d. 1872; 7. Katie, Huntsville; by second marriage, 8. Mil ton C, Jr. Residence: Huntsville. BALDWIN, A. M., banker. Residence: Mont gomery. BALDWIN, BENJAMIN JAMES, SR., planter, was born November 3, 1822, in Pike County; son of William and Celia (Fitzpatrick) Bald win (q. v.) ; grandson of William and Elizabeth (Kimbro) Baldwin and of William and Annie (Phillips) Fitzpatrick; great grandson of David and Sarah (Owen) Baldwin. He received his early education in the schools of Pike and Montgomery Counties, and studied law at the University of Virginia for two years. He read law in Montgomery and was admitted to the bar in 1845. He had practiced law for about one year when his health broke down and he moved to the country to take up farming. He became owner of farms in Montgomery, Bullock and Chilton Counties. In 1874 he moved from Bullock County to Verbena where -he resided until his death. He was a Democrat' and served as a delegate to many state and county conven tions. He was a member of the Methodist Epis copal church. Married: (1) In February, 1845, Antoinette L. Alford, daughter of Col. Julius C. Alford (q. v.), of Georgia; she died in 1849; (2) Martha (Barnett) Jones, daughter of Frank and Sarah (Ponder) Barnett. Children: by second marriage, 1. Dr. Benjamin James (q. v.), a phy sician of Montgomery, m. (1) Hulit Morris, (2) Kate Sistrunk; 2. Frank, b. March 14, 1871, a lawyer, solicitor of the Fifth Judicial Circuit from 1891 to 1892, m. Mary Ellen Wingate, June 20, 1894, at Ensley, and has one daughter, El len; resides at Verbena. Last residence: Ver bena. BALDWIN, BENJAMIN JAMES, retired phy sician, was born November 16, 1856, in Bullock County; son of Benjamin James and Martha (Barnett) Baldwin (q. v.) ; grandson of Wil liam and Celia (Fitzpatrick) Baldwin (q. v.), and of Frank and Sarah (Ponder) Barnett, of Montgomery County; great-grandson of Wil liam and Elizabeth (Kimbro) Baldwin, and of Annie (Phillips) Fitzpatrick; great-great- grandson of David and Sarah (Owen) Baldwin. He received his early schooling in the primary school of Bullock County and in Montgomery; attended Randolph Macon College, Ashland, Va., from 1883 until 1885; studied medicine in the office of Dr. R. F. Michel of Montgomery; and was graduated with the degree of M. D. from Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York City, in 1878. He was appointed physician to the New York Insane Asylum, then house sur geon in Charity Hospital, of the same city, for a year. In 1878, he began to practice medicine in Louisville, Ky., and soon formed a partner ship with Dr. Preston B. Scott with whom he practiced for two years. He became resident physician in the Manhat tan Eye and Ear Hospital from 1882 to 1883; studied medicine in Europe for six months, and settled in Montgomery in 1884. He opened the Morris Eye and Ear Infirmary in that city in 1887. He is president of the Montgomery Gas Company, a director of the South & North Ala bama railroad, and has been president of the board of education of Montgomery since 1890. 80 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY He is president of the Medical Association of the State of Alabama, and was a member of the Board of Health for ten years. He is editor of the eye and ear department of the "Alabama Medical Journal." He was surgeon of the Louisville Legion with the rank of captain. He is a Democrat, a Mason, and an Episcopalian. Married: (1) In 1884, Hulit Morris, daughter of Hon. Josiah and Sarah E. Morris of Mont gomery; (2) Kate Sistrunk, daughter of Walter E. and Mary (Wade) Sistrunk of Tallassee. Children, by first marriage; 1. Elizabeth Mor ris, m. Dr. James Fitts Hill of New York City; 2. Josiah Morris, m. Kate Steiner, Montgomery. Residence: Montgomery. BALDWIN, JOSEPH GLOVER, lawyer and author, was born January, 1815, at Friendly Grove factory, near Winchester, Va.; died in 1886, in San Francisco, Calif.; son of Joseph Clarke and Eliza (Baldwin) Baldwin; grand son of Cornelius and Mary (Briscoe) Baldwin, the former a graduate of Princeton College and a surgeon in the Revolutionary War; great grandson of Col. Girard Briscoe of Winchester. He was a nephew of Judge Briscoe G. Baldwin, and a relative of Hon. John B. Baldwin. His ancestors, the Baldwins of Bucks County, Eng land, were of ancient lineage. The name ap pears in the roll of Battle Abbey in the "Domes day Book" and on the pages of English history from the time of Alfred the Great until Henry VIII. The first settlement of the Baldwins in this country was made at Milford, Conn., where brothers and kinsmen of the name purchased lands in 1639. On the father's side, Joseph G. Baldwin was a descendant of Nathaniel; on his mother's, of John Baldwin. The exact relation ship of John Baldwin to the other Baldwins is not certain, but the fact of settlement in the same town in the same year has seemed conclu sive evidence of kinship. Nathaniel Baldwin was registered as a free planter, John Baldwin, as a settler. By way of New Jersey and Ohio the two branches found their way to Virginia. The grandfather on the father's side was born in Connecticut, moved to Ohio, then to Rock bridge County, Va., where he established the first woolen and cotton factory in the Valley of Virginia. Joseph Glover Baldwin perfected a limited early education by years of study later in life. After serving as a scribe in a public office, he read law and moved to De Kalb. in Kemper County, Miss., to practice. He came to Sumter County, Ala., in 1839, and associated himself with Johnathan Bliss, living first at Gainesville, then at Livingston. In 1844 he represented the county in the Alabama legislature; was the unsuccessful candidate of his party for Con gress in 1849; became the partner of Hon. Philip Phillips in Mobile in 1853; then moved to California. He was judge of the supreme court of California, 1858-1862; became chief justice, 1863-1864; then resigned to resume the practice of law. At his death, the supreme court, sitting in Sacramento, adjourned and went to San Francisco, accompanied by the entire bar, to attend his obsequies. He was author of "Flush Times of Alabama and Missis sippi," in 1853, and of "Party Leaders," in 1855, both published by D. Appleton & Company of New York. The former is a description of persons and scenes in the section in which he resided, from 1833 until 1840, when speculation prevailed extensively. The latter compares and contrasts Jefferson, Hamilton, Adams, Randolph and Clay, who are introduced as representative men. Married: Sidney White, daughter of Hon. John White, a judge of the circuit court pre vious to 1830, and sister of Hon. Alexander White of Dallas, Tex. Children: Six; one son, Alexander W., born in Sumter, became federal district judge in Nevada, and was killed in a railroad accident, December, 1869. Last resi dence: San Francisco, Calif. BALDWIN, MARION AUGUSTUS, lawyer, was born August 13, 1813, in Greene County, Ga.; died August 16, 1865, in Montgomery; son of William and Celia (Fitzpatrick) Baldwin (q. v.) ; grandson of William and Elizabeth (Kim bro) Baldwin, and of William and Annie (Phil lips) Fitzpatrick, great grandson of David and Sarah (Owen) Baldwin. He was graduated from the University of Virginia with the degree of A. M. in 1835. He read law in the office of John A. Campbell and George Goldthwaite, and at the home of his uncle, Mr. Fitzpatrick. He was licensed to practice in 1836, and opened an office in Montgomery in partnership with Col. James E. Belser. In 1843 he was chosen solicitor of the circuit court. He was elected attorney general of the state of Alabama in 1847. By successive elections, he occupied this position until the state government was over thrown in 1865, a service of twenty-two years, the longest term ever served by any man as prosecuting officer of Alabama. His briefs and arguments are found in twenty-six or twenty- seven volumes of the State Reports. He was a Democrat, a member of the Royal Arch Masons, and of the Presbyterian church. Married: June 7, 1842, in Montgomery County, Celia Fitzpatrick, daughter of Hon. Joseph and Sarah (Cannon) Fitzpatrick of Troy, Ala., his first cousin. Children: 1. Marion Augustus; 2. Sarah Fitzpatrick, m. Alfred Bethea, resides at Fitzpatrick Station; 3. Celia Agusta, m. (1) Samuel Humphries, d. 1879, (2) Morgan Johnson; 4. Josephine Belser, d. 1848; 5. Annie Philips, m. in 1876, Henry Clay Tomp kins, a lawyer; 6. Mary Eugenia, m. Algernon Mabson, d. 1912; 7. William Joseph, d. 1849; 8. Marion Augustus, III, d. 1873; 9. Frances Can non, m. in 1873, Thomas Hill Mabson; 10. Eliza beth Harrison, m. in 1885, James Beems; 11. William Owen, d. 1872; 12. Benjamin James, b. 1860, m. in 1889, Ludia Baldwin. Last resi dence: Montgomery. BALDWIN, MARTIN MORTIMER, lawyer and legislator, was born August 26, 1873, at Fitzpatrick, Bullock County; son of Philip B. and Sallie P. (Crews) Baldwin, who lived at Fitzpatrick. He was educated in the pri mary and high schools of Union Springs, and graduated A. B. 1894, and LL. B. 1895, from the University of Alabama. In 1894 was ad mitted to the practice at Union Springs, where he resided until his removal to Birmingham. In 1900-01, he represented his native county HON. THOMAS GOODE JONES DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 83 in the legislature. He is a Democrat, and a Presbyterian. He is unmarried. Residence: Birmingham. BALDWIN, MARY JANE (MARTIN) patriotic worker, was born in Shelbyville, Tenn., and died in 1878, in Montgomery; daughter of Col. Abram and Jane (Patton) Martin (q. v.). She was the first secretary of the Montgomery, Confederate, Memorial as sociation and on the death of Mrs. Phelan be came first vice-president. Married: in 1843, to Dr. William O. Baldwin (q. v.). Last resi dence: Montgomery. BALDWIN, WILLIAM, planter, was born May 22, 1786, in Wilkes County, Ga.; and died in 1827, in Montgomery County; son of William and Elizabeth (Kimbro) Baldwin of Wilkes County, Ga., the former a native of North Caro lina and a soldier in the Revolutionary War; grandson of David and Sarah (Owen) Baldwin, who moved from North Carolina and settled in Columbia County, Ga., the former a Virginian, who joined the Revolutionary Army with his three sons soon after war commenced and died of a contagious disease contracted at the siege of Augusta. William Baldwin moved to Ala bama in 1815 or 1816 in company with the Baldwins, Fitzpatricks and others, and settled within four miles of Montgomery. He became a planter there. Married: Celia Fitzpatrick, daughter of Wil liam and Annie (Phillips) Fitzpatrick, of Troy, the former a member of the Georgia legislature for nineteen consecutive years; sister of Joseph Fitzpatrick, and Gov. Benjamin Fitzpatrick, who was governor of Alabama for four years, and was United States Senator when Alabama seceded. She died in 1839. Children: 1. Elmira Ann, m. Col. John W. Hinson of Mobile, and had two children; 2. Marion Augustus (q. v.), m. Celia Fitzpatrick, daughter of Joseph and Sarah (Cannon) Fitzpatrick, his first cousin; 3. Sarah Fitzpatrick, m. (1) Dempsey Under wood, (2) Col. Julius C. Alford (q. v.), who from 1839 to 1842 was a member of Congress from Georgia; had two children who both mar ried and had families; 4. William Owen (q. v.), b. August 9, 1818, m. Mary Jane Martin; 5. Benjamin James (q. v.), m. (1) Antoinette L. Alford, daughter of Col. Julius C. Alford (q. v.), (2) Sarah (Barnett) Jones; 6. Elizabeth Celia, m. (1) Floyd Brown, (2) William Fitzpatrick, had two children by the first marriage, Benja min Phillips, and Almira Ann, who married J. B. Powell; 7. Phillips Bernard, planter, studied medicine, m. (1) Mrs. (Thompson) Turner, (2) Mary Crews; had five children by first marriage and two by second; died in 1874 from poison supposed to have been given him by a negro servant. Last residence: Montgomery County. BALDWIN, WILLIAM OWEN, physician, was born August 9, 1818, in Montgomery County; son of William and Celia (Fitzpatrick) Baldwin (q. v.) ; grandson of William and Elizabeth (Kimbro) Baldwin, and of William and Annie (Phillips) Fitzpatrick; great grandson of David and Sarah (Owen) Baldwin. He received his early education in an academy in Montgomery County conducted by Adison H. Sample. He studied medicine in the office of Dr. McLeod, and was graduated from Transylvania Univer sity, Lexington, Ky., in which institution he was the pupil of Dr. Charles Caldwell and Dr. L. P. Yandell, and later of Dr. B. W. Dudley, professors in that university. He received the M. D. degree in 1836. He began to practice medicine in Montgomery in 1837, and in 1840 entered into partnership with his former pre ceptor, Dr. McLeod, who died twelve months later. He formed a professional copartnership with Dr. William M. Boling in 1848, which con tinued in force for four years. During the War of Secession, he repeatedly declined offers of a commission in the C. S. Army, although he was frequently present on the field after action, at tending the wounded as volunteer surgeon. In 1868, Dr. Baldwin was elected president of the American Medical Association at the annual convention in Washington, D. C, the first meet ing since the beginning of the war at which delegates from the South were present. He in augurated and organized the First National Bank in Montgomery, and was elected president of that institution. He was author of a paper, "Observations on the Poisonous Properties of the Sulphate of Quinine," which appeared in the American Journal of Medical Sciences, April, 1847. This paper has been quoted as authority in English and French periodicals and standard works in toxicology, as well as in the United States Dispensatory and in the , medico-legal works of this country. He contributed numer ous other articles to medical and scientific jour nals. He was an associate fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, and honorary member of the Gynaecology Society of Boston, member of the American Medical Association, of the Medical Association of Alabama of which he has been president, and of the Medical and Surgical Society of Montgomery and several times its president. Married: December 7, 1843, Mary Jane Mar tin, daughter of Col. Abram and Jane (Patton) Martin, of Montgomery County, the former a judge of the circuit court of Montgomery; grand daughter of Jean (Shaw) Patton who came to this country from Scotland and was married in Virginia. She died September 18, 1878. Chil dren: 1. Capt. William O, b. November 23, 1845, left the state university at Tuscaloosa to enlist as a private in the Twenty-second Alabama Regiment, was appointed sergeant major, lieu tenant, then captain, before he was eighteen years old, was known as the "boy captain" of Deas' brigade, killed in the battle of Franklin, November 30, 1864; 2. Marion Augustus, lawyer, b. February 20, 1851, graduated from the Law School of the University of Virginia, died in Montgomery, m. August, 1887, Mary James; 3. Mary Hinson, b. April 25, 1853, m. William Etheldred Williams of Knoxville, Tenn.; 4. Jennie Patton, b. October 5, 1855, m. January 27, 1875, G. W. Craik, had a son, Rev. James Craik, Rector of Christ Church, Louisville, Ky.; 5. Cecile Fitzpatrick, b. October 11, 1858, at tended Chegary Institute, Baltimore, Md., m. January 2, 1889, William Christopher Maxwell of Charlotte, N. C; 6. Abram Martin, b. October 29, 1860, m. June 8, 1887, Elizabeth Ewin of 84 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Nashville, Tenn.; 7. Almira Ann, b. August 3, 1868, m. June 6, 1894, Major Channing Moore Bolton of Charlottesville, Va. Last residence: Montgomery. BALL, CHARLES P., deceased, colonel, 8th Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army; planter, and business man; associate railroad commis sioner, 1881-85. Residence: Montgomery. BALL, DORIC S., grand secretary, grand lodge, Masons, 1837-38; grand secretary, grand chapter, 1837-38. BALL, FRED SAMUEL, lawyer, was born February 14, 1866, at Portsmouth, Scioto County, O.; is son of William Henry and Jane (St. Clair) Ball, the father a resident of Ports mouth, a farmer, and manager of a freight transfer line and the mother a native of Pennsylvania. Fred S. Ball attended primary, grammar, and high schools at Portsmouth dur ing the prescribed twelve years' course; re ceived the degree of Ph. B., Ohio State Uni versity, 1888 ; and attended the business college, Columbus, O. He located in Montgomery; read law in the office of Col. Henry R. Tompkins, was admitted to the bar by the supreme court of Alabama, and has since practiced at Mont gomery. For a time he practiced with William H. Samford, now a judge of the court of ap peals, and is now (1919) in the practice with Edmund R. Beckwith. He is a Democrat, Knight of Pythias, and a member of the Phi Delta Theta fraternity. Married: October 4, 1893 at Covington, Ga., Florence Carrine, daughter of Rev. Simon Peter and Mary (Ar- ledge) Richardson. Children: 1. Frederick St. Clair; 2. Charles Arthur; 3. Richard Ar ledge. Residence: Montgomery. BALL, GEORGE CLAIBORNE, business man, was born November, 1841, at Montgomery, and died March 8, 1910, in Atlanta, Ga.; son of George Claiborne and Eliza (Pollard) Ball and brother of Col. Charles P. Ball, (q. v.). He was educated in private schools, of his native city; entered the Confederate Army as ser geant-major, 10th Alabama cavalry regiment, commanded by CoL James H. Clanton; was trans ferred to the staff of Col. John H. Kelly, an Alabamian, who commanded the Eighth Arkan sas regiment; and later he served on the staff of Gen. Wm. W. Allen, with the rank of major. In 1865 he returned to Montgomery and ac cepted a position with the Alabama and Florida R. R. with which he remained five years; was in the saw mill business two years; in 1872 re turned to the railroad company which later be came the Mobile and Montgomery railroad; in 1880 he removed to Eufaula where he built cot ton-seed oil mills, and in 1886 he located in Birmingham, where he purchased an interest in the Wharton flour mill and was elected presi dent; interested, also engaged, in the real-estate business; in 1888 was appointed general mana ger of the Elyton land company power works and machine shops; and later he conducted a steel commission business. Due to loss of health for some years before his death he was a semi-invalid. He was a Democrat; an Epis copalian and a Mason. Married: May 8, 1872, at Augusta, Ga.; Harriet Glascock, daughter of Judge Thomas Sumter and Elizabeth (Glas cock) Mays (q. v.). Mrs. Ball was educated in the best private schools of Montgomery and at a young lady's seminary in Columbia, S. C; was reared in an atmosphere of public affairs and was among the first women in Alabama to undertake professional newspaper work in which she has had a wide influence in behalf of culture and all public movements of especial interest to women. She held positions upon the Birmingham "Age-Herald," the Birming ham "Ledger," the woman's page of the "Georgian" in Atlanta, and the Montgomery "Journal." Children: 1. Sumter Mays, whose literary ability was pronounced, and whose death unmarried, in early manhood cut short a promising career; 2. Elise Glascock; 3 Fannie Munford, deceased; 4. George Clai borne, jr., deceased; 5. Sue Allen. Last resi dence, Montgomery. BALL, HARRIET MAYS, was born in Mont gomery; daughter of Thomas Sumter and Eliza Ann (Glascock) Mays, the former a native of Edgefield, S. C; granddaughter of Gen. Jack and Elizabeth (Simkins) Glascock, who lived at Edgefield, S. C. She is a descendant of the Glascock, Simkins, Bacon, Mays and Butler families of South Carolina and Virginia, many 4,-7 m were Prominently connected with military, political, and social affairs during the colonial and revolutionary periods, and held high offices while serving their country. She was educated in private schools in Mont gomery, and in College at Columbia, S. C. She is an Episcopalian. Married: May 8, 1872 at Augusta, Ga., to Maj. George Claiborne Ball iq- 7->- Children: 1. Sumter Mays, cashier, E. & W. Railway, 1893, vice president and treasurer, American Rail Trust Company At lanta Ga deceased; 2. Elise Glascock, Atlanta, Ga.; 3. Fannie Munford, deceased; 4. George Claiborne, deceased; 5. Sue Allen, Birming ham. Residence: Birmingham. BALL, TIMOTHY HORTON, Baptist minister and historian, born at Agawam, Hampden County Mass., February 16, 1826, and died November 8, 1913 at Crown Point, Ind.; son of Hervey and Jane Ayrault (Horton) Ball, of Holyoke and Agawam, Mass.; grandson of Charles and Merab (Miller) Ball, and of Dr Timothy and Elizabeth (Hanner) Horton of Agawam, Mass. Col. Hervey Ball was an of ficer of militia in Georgia and later probate judge of Lake County, Ind. Lieut. Charles Ball son of Charles Ball, Sr., was a representative in the Massachusetts legislature for nine years Francis Ball^ the original ancestor came from Wiltshire, England, and settled at Spring field, Mass., in 1640. Timothy H. Ball's early education was secured at Appling, Ga., and at Franklin college, Ind., from which he graduated with degree of A. B., 1850, and received the A. M. in 1853 .He graduated from the Newton theological institution in 1863. His first work which was as a teacher, was at Franklin Springs in 1851. This point, now absolutely deserted, was at that time a fashionable wate/ ing place. He began preaching here a short DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 85 while later. Much of his life was spent in Clarke County, but at the time of his death, his pastoral relation was in Lake County, Ind. He was a Mason. Author: "Lake County, In diana, from 1834 to 1872"; "The Lake of the Red Cedars, or will it live?"; "A Glance into the great Southeast or Clarke County, Ala., and its surroundings from 1540 to 1877," 1882; "Northwestern Indiana from 1800 to 1900"; "The Creek War" (in collaboration with Henry S. Halbert), 1895; "Notes on St. Luke's Gospel"; "Poems and Hymns"; "Annie B."; "Immor tality of the Human Soul"; "Principles of Church Government"; and numerous others. Married: April 19, 1855, in Clarke County, to Martha Caroline, daughter of Rev. Hiram and Mary (Thomas) Creighton, who lived near Grove Hill, the former a Baptist minister, son of John Creighton, who came to Clarke County, from South Carolina in 1818. The Creightons were Scotch Presbyterians who came to South Carolina in 1800. Children: 1. Herbert Laurin, St. Maries, Idaho; 2. Georgietta Eth- berta, m. Rev. Isaac Walter Martin, Sheffield. Last residence: Crown Point, Ind. BALLARD, ASA N., homeopathic physician, was born October 17, 1842, at Paintersville, O.; son of David F. and Priscilla (Lewis) Ballard of that State. Mr. Ballard graduated from the National university, Lebanon, O., B. S., 1871, and A. B., 1872; taught school in Harrisburg, 111., and Indianapolis, Ind., ten years and while in the latter city began the study of medicine; attended Pulte medical college, Cincinnati, and graduated from that institution in 1876; located in Shelby, O., where he practiced medicine for eleven years. In 1886 he removed to Birming ham; is a member of the Alabama State homeopathic society, honorary member Ohio State homeopathic society, and member Ameri can institute of homeopathy. He was a mem ber of the council and of the school board of Shelby County, O., for nine years. He enlisted, October 1861, in Co. D, 48th Ohio Infantry as a private, but was promoted captain before the close of the war. He was in numerous battles, and was captured by the Confederates at Sabine Cross Roads, and taken to Tyler, Tex., where he was held prisoner six months, and later exchanged and returned to the field. He is a Mason; and Methodist. Married: in 1874, in Pagetown, O., to Mary, daughter of George S. Harrison. Children: 1. Asa Elwyn; 2. Clarence Bingham, a private in Co. K, First Alabama regiment, Spanish-American War, 1898; 3. Florence; 4. Mary Pauline. Resi dence : Birmingham. BALLARD, HERBERT WELDON, insurance agent and legislator, was born May 8, 1873, at Milo, Pike County; son of Thomas Weldon and Jane C. (Simmons) Ballard, the former was born in Fayetteville, Ga., and in 1854 removed to Milo, served eighteen months in C. S. Army, losing a leg in the battle of Murfreesboro, Tenn., later served two terms as tax collector of Pike County; grandson of John J. and Nancy (Mc- Knight) Ballard, the former of Fayetteville, Ga., removed in 1854 to Milo, entered C. S. Army, and after serving eighteen months in Army of Northern Virginia, died at Rich mond, Va., of a fever, and of Isaac and Eliza beth (Fowler) Simmons, who emigrated about 1817 from North Carolina to Dallas County, and then to Milo. The Ballards are of Scotch descent, the first American ancestor settling in North Carolina. He was educated in the common schools of Pike County; at State normal school, Troy, 1892-94; and in 1895 took a course in the Atlanta business college. In 1901 he entered upon the life insurance busi ness, in which profession he is now engaged. He represented Pike County in the legislature of 1907. He is a Democrat. He is unmarried. Residence: Troy. BALLARD, JOHN RUSSELL, farmer, was born March 17, 1857, in Tallapoosa County; son of William and Frances Permelia (Russell) Ballard, the former who was born near New- nan, Coweta County, Ga., moved to Alabama with his parents when quite young, was elected justice of the peace in Tallapoosa County, served in the C. S. Army as private, lieutenant and captain of Co. C, Forty-seventh Alabama regiment, and spent the last year of the war as a prisoner in Fort Delaware. His paternal grandfather came from Indiana to Coweta County, Ga., about 1826 or 1827, was married there, and a few years later moved to Alabama, settling near Dadeville, in Tallapoosa County. His mother's parents emigrated from Henry County, Ga., to Chambers County, later moving to Tallapoosa County. He was educated in the common country schools of Tallapoosa County, and became a farmer. He was elected justice of the peace, 1892, 1896, and 1900; was beat chairman of the People's Party from the time of its organization until the party united with the Democratic party in Tallapoosa County, at which time he became beat chairman of the lat ter party. Mr. Ballard was chairman of a com mittee of citizens appointed to erect a school in his community, and after its erection was made president of the board of trustees of the M. I. academy. He is a Missionary Baptist. Mar ried: December 21, 1882, near Youngs Ferry, to Dannie Hardy, daughter of Daniel and Julia Ann Elizabeth (Allen) Hardy, of Tallapoosa County; granddaughter of Robert Hardy, who came to Alabama from South Carolina about 1830. Residence: Alexander City. BALLARD, WALTER EUGENE, lawyer, was born July 25, 1876, at Milo, near Troy; son of Thomas Weldon and Jane Catherine (Sim mons) Ballard, the former born in Fayetteville, Ga., a Confederate soldier who lost a leg in the service and was tax collector of Pike County two terms; grandson of John J. and Nancy (McKnight) Ballard, and of Isaac and Eliza beth (Fowler) Simmons, who emigrated about 1817 from North Carolina to Dallas, and thence to Pike County. John J. Ballard's home was at Fayetteville, Ga., until 1854, when he emigrated to Pike County. He served eighteen months in the Army of Northern Virginia, and died of fever in Richmond. Herbert W., brother of Walter E. Ballard, represented Pike County in the legislature, 1907. The Ballards are of Scotch descent, the first ancestor settling in 86 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY North Carolina. Mr. Ballard received his ele mentary education in the common schools of Pike County; graduated from the Troy normal college, 1898; was admitted to the bar in 1901, removed to Prattville, and represented Autauga County in the legislature, 1907; and later re moved to Montgomery. He is a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: at Hayneville, 1902, to Laura Adele, daughter of William Thomas and Margaret V. (McLemore) McGaugh. Mont gomery. Children: 1. Mary Elizabeth. Res idence: Montgomery. BALLENGER, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of St. Clair County; private Maryland Militia; enrolled on September 20, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BALLENTINE, JAMES HAMILTON, lawyer, judge Madison County law and equity court, was born March 5, 1873, near Courtland; son of James Hamilton and Mary E. (Swoope) Bal- lentine; grandson of Andrew M. and Mary T. (Goff) Ballentine, the former an emigrant from Ireland to Giles County, Tenn., and of Rev. Edgar M. and Elmira C. (Watkins) Swoope, all of whom lived near Courtland; great-grandson of John T. Goff, from Scotland, and of Samuel Watkins, who located in Lawrence County from Virginia. Judge Ballentine was educated in Giles County, first in Giles college under Prof. Mason, then in the private school of Col. Aber nathy; studied law, was admitted to the bar; entered the practice at Pulaski in February, 1895, but in May following, moved to Hunts ville; was elected judge of the law and equity court of Madison County, November 8, 1910. He is a Democrat; a Mason. He is unmarried. Residence: Huntsville. BALTZELL, FRANK, editor and Farmers' Alliance leader, was born June 3, 1850, at Oak Hill, Worthington County, Fla.; son of Gen. Frank and Rebecca H. (Long) Baltzell, natives of Kentucky and Georgia respectively. Frank Baltzell became editor and proprietor of the "Courier," at Marianna, Fla., upon leaving school, of which he continued in control until January, 1874; located at Rutledge, where he edited the "Lancet" for six months; removed to Troy, and established the "Enquirer," pub lished until February, 1890; and removed to Montgomery and established the "Alliance Herald," which he conducted as the represen tative of the Alliance and the Populist parties for a number of years. He came to the bar September, 1871, in Marianna, and remained there three years; was admitted to practice in the supreme court of Florida, January, 1872; received a complimentary vote for U. S. sena tor in 1873, but being under age could not be a candidate; delegate to Democratic national convention in 1872, and alternate elector-at- large in that campaign; elected to the legisla ture of Alabama from Pike County, 1882; can didate for congress from 2nd district, as the candidate of the fusion convention held at Lake- view, Jefferson County, September, 1892, and unsuccessfully contested the election of Jesse F. Stallings, Democrat. Married: in 1877, to Ria, daughter of Maj. B. R. Harris of Mt. Pleas ant, Tenn. Children: 1. William B.; 2. Meta C; 3. Mary E.; 4. Thomas. BALTZELL, WILLIAM BULLOCK, farmer, was born August 6, 1849, at Union, Greene County; son of Thomas and Panthea Mary (Bullock) Baltzell, the former born in Waynes boro, Greene County, Penn., graduated from the Louisville medical college, when twenty-two years old he emigrated South, and finally, after many years settled in Greene County; grandson of Thomas and Catherine Baltzell, of Waynes boro, Penn., the former a native of Pennsyl vania, and the grandson of an emigrant from Alsace-Lorraine, and of William and Panthea Coleman (Burchett) Bullock, of Petersburg, Va. The Bullock family were of Scotch descent, and originally seated in Granville County, N. C. Mr. Baltzell was educated in the country schools; is a merchant and farmer. He was a member of the house of representatives from Greene County, 1907. He is. a Democrat; and Knight of Pythias. Unmarried. Residence: Baltzell. BANCROFT, GEORGE RAMSEY, teacher, and president State normal school, was born January 8, 1879, at Meridian, Miss.; son of James Ramsey and Evelyn (Smith) Bancroft, the former a native of Toomsuba, Miss., later living at Meridian, Miss., Palatka, Fla., Mobile, and at Houston, Texas, a farmer, later a con tractor and master car builder; grandson of George and Mary (Ramsey) Bancroft, the former a Methodist preacher in the Mississippi conference, and of James Rhodes and Roxanna (Sturdivant) Smith of Summerfield, Livings ton, and Lauderdale, Miss. The Bancrofts came from England, settling in Massachusetts early in the 19th century, descendants locating in Mobile. Mr. Bancroft received his early education from Barton academy. He began teaching and by private study continued his education without a college course. He en tered upon his profession in 1896, in a one room rural school in Mobile County, became prin cipal of the Citronelle high school, and later of the public schools of Whistler. He was principal of the West rural school, Mobile, and did department work in Barton academy. He was president of the State normal school, at Moundville. He is a Methodist. Married: September 13, 1901, at Mobile, to Carrie, daugh ter of Alpheus Estes and Sallie (Clancy) Baker, of Selma. Children: 1. James Alpheus; 2. Clytie; 3. Carrie. Residence: Moundville. BANCROFT, MARION JOSEPH, physician, graduated with the degree of B. S. at the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1896; graduated in the medical department of the University of Alabama, Mobile, 1899, and entered upon the practice in that city in 1900. Residence: Mo bile. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 87 BANISTER, JOHN MONRO, Episcopal min ister, was born March 14, 1818, at Petersburg, Va., and died March 29, 1907, at Huntsville; son of John Monro and Mary Burton Augusta (Boiling) Banister, of Petersburg and later of Sussex County, Va., the former a graduate of Princeton university; grandson of Col. John and Anne (Blair) Banister, who lived at his suburban home "Battersea" near Petersburg, educated in England and "bred to the law" at the Temple, returned to Virginia, and was elected to the house of burgesses from Din- widdie County, 1765, and served until the end of the colonial period, was a member of the Virginia Revolutionary conventions, and after the formation of the State government was a member of the assembly, and of the conti nental congress, March 1778-1779, and was lieutenant-colonel, Virginia state troops under Gen. Lawson and actively engaged during the invasion of the state by Arnold and Phillips, and of Robert and Mary (Burton) Boiling, of "Center Hill," Petersburg, Va. Mr. Banister was educated in private schools near his father's plantation and in Petersburg, and graduated from Princeton university as vale dictorian 1840. He studied law under Judge Lomax of Fredericksburg, Va., and was ad mitted to the bar in 1842, but did not practice. Under the influence of Rev. Nicholas H. Cobbs, later bishop of the diocese of Alabama, he studied for the Episcopal ministry, taking a course of theology at the Virginia seminary from which he was graduated in 1846; ordained deacon in that year by Rev. William Meade, D. D., bishop of Virginia, ordained priest in 1848 by the same bishop and became assistant minister of St. Paul's church, Richmond, 1846- 48; removed to Alabama and became rector of Trinity church, Demopolis, 1849-50; rector St. Paul's church, Greensboro, 1850-60; rector church of the nativity, Huntsville, 1860-1906, rector emeritus of that church from 1906 until his death. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by William and Mary college, 1869. He was a Democrat. Married: February 1, 1848, at "Kingston," the country home of her parents, to Mary Louise, daughter of William Henry and Anne (Withers) Broadnax, the former a lawyer and planter who lived near Petersburg. Children: 1. Robert Boiling, m. Corrilla Nations; 2. John Monro, jr., U. S. amy, m. (1) Alice White; (2) Maude Ed- mondson, of Omaha, Neb.; 3. Anne Withers; 4. Mary Louise, m. Sterling S. Lanier, of Birmingham; 5. William Broadnax, surgeon U. S. army, m. Mary Caroline Noltenius, of Texas City, Texas; 6. Augusta Boiling, m. Rob ert Slaughter, of Lynchburg, Va.; 7. Blair, m. Marion Glass of Lynchburg; 8. Ellen Gordon, m. Gustav Stalling, of Lynchburg; 9. Reginald, resides at Woodward. Last residence: Hunts ville. BANKHEAD, HENRY McAULEY, U. S. Army officer, was born December 19, 1876, at Mos cow, Lamar County; son of John Hollis and Tallulah (Brockman) Bankhead (q. v.). He received his early education in the public schools of Fayette, attended the University of Alabama 1894-97, inclusive, but desiring to se cure a practical business course he withdrew from his alma mater and entered Eastman Business college. He was active in athletics at the University, being captain of the 'Varsity football team, 1896. Upon the completion of his business course he accepted a position in New York City. At the outbreak of the Span ish-American war he volunteered for service and was commissioned by President McKinley as captain in the Fifth U. S. Volunteers, known as one of the "Immune" regiments, the desig nation having reference to immunity from trop ical fevers, his commission being dated July 13, 1898. Captain Bankhead recruited his com pany, Co. F., from volunteers living in West Alabama and proceeded to Cuba with his regi ment, being barely twenty-one years of age and one of the youngest officers of his rank in the war with Spain. After serving in Cuba from August, 1898, to April, 1899, he was honorably discharged with the mustering out of his volunteer regiment. While serving in Cuba he commanded the regiment for two months because of sickness of all of his supe rior officers; was appointed second lieutenant, Regular army, June 1, 1899, and assigned to the 20th infantry, then serving in the Philip pine Islands and engaged in the suppression of the Philippine insurrection. He served with his regiment as a second lieutenant from June 1, 1899, to February 2, 1901, when he was promoted to a first lieutenant. He served three tours of duty in the Philippines before the war with Germany, covering a period of six years. During his last tour of duty which ter minated in 1917 he was selected by the com manding general to command a battalion of Philippine scouts, which battalion was com posed of the former wild head hunters of the mountain of Luzon; was promoted to a cap taincy in July 1909; major, 1917; lieutenant- colonel, July, 1920. During the European war Colonel Bankhead was commissioned as lieu tenant-colonel and colonel and assigned to the 81st Division, the soldiers of which were from Alabama, Florida, North and South Carolina and Tennessee. He was appointed on the staff of the division commander as quartermaster and sailed for France on July 31, 1918. He served as division quartermaster in the field until October 16, 1918, when he was selected by the commanding general of the American Expe ditionary Forces to be quartermaster of the 2nd army corps, then serving with the 4th Brit ish army. After the armistice, Colonel Bank- head was selected to command the American leave area in the principality of Monaco, where soldiers were permitted to visit on fur lough. While on this duty he was decorated by His Highness, Prince Albert of Monaco, the ruler of that country, and made a Commander of the Order of St. Charles of Monaco, the most coveted decoration in the gift of the Prince. Colonel Bankhead is now at the head of the educational and vocational training of all sol diers in the 2nd Corps area, embracing New York, New Jersey and Delaware, with head quarters at Governor's Island. He is a Demo crat; a Methodist; and member of the Phi Delta Theta college fraternity. Married: De cember 3, 1903, to Alice Buffington, daughter of 88 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY John Buffington and Caroline (Rust) Stickney, of St. Augustine, Fla.; granddaughter of Jere miah C. Stickney of Lynn, Mass. Children: 1. John Long; 2. Harriet Katherine. Residence: Governor's Island, N. Y. BANKHEAD, JOHN HOLLIS, farmer, legis lator, Confederate officer, member of the House of Representatives and the Senate of the United States, was born September 13, 1842, on his father's farm near old Moscow, Marion, now Lamar County, died March 1, 1920, in Wash ington, D. C, and is buried in Jasper; son of James Greer and Susan (Hollis) Bankhead, na tives of Union District, S. C, the former a planter and soldier of the Creek Indian and Mexican Wars, both buried in the graveyard at Sulligent, a modern town built upon part of their original plantation; grandson of George and Jane (Greer) Bankhead, natives of Union District, S. C, who removed, first to Tennessee, and, in 1816, to west Alabama, locating near the present site of Russellville, going two years later to Marion County, where they settled at what is now Crew's depot, on the military road, and where he acquired lands, became a planter and stock grower, built a home and the first mill in the county, which was located on the Palm Spring branch, died and is buried in the Jarrett graveyard, his wife surviving him and some years later dying at the home of her daughter, Mrs. William H. Duke, in Pon- tatoc, Miss., and of John and Letitia (Holli- day) Hollis, who came to Alabama from Union District, S. C, and settled in Marion County, where he established a plantation home at the site of old Moscow, was a colonel of militia, standing six feet four inches, a pro'gressive planter and sound scholar, bringing into his wilderness home a library of classics, died in 1867, and both are buried in the Armstrong graveyard; great-grandson of James and Eliza beth (Black) Bankhead, of Union District, S. C, where the former died about 1799, and of Daniel and Patsy (Knighton) Holliday, the former born on the "high hills of the Santee," in Kershaw District, S. O, where he was reared, entered the Revolutionary Army and became a sergeant, removed to west Alabama where he died in 1837, and is buried in the Armstrong graveyard, near old Moscow, and of John Hollis, born in Fairfax County, Va., removed to Fair field District, S. C, where he died, was a cap tain in the Revolutionary War, serving with Gen. Francis Marion, with whom history says he was "a favorite young officer;" great-great- grandson of Daniel Holliday, of Kershaw Dis trict, S. C. The Bankhead family is of Scotch origin, while the Hollis family which migrated to Maryland, thence to Virginia, South Caro lina and Alabama, is of English stock, as are the Hollidays. Senator Bankhead obtained the rudiments of an education in the country schools of his native county, and with this meager scholastic preparation, became, by wide reading and contact with the world, a man of solid and practical learning. Born and reared upon his father's plantation, located in a pioneer country, he enjoyed that freedom of action and close contact with the direct issues of life that early developed in him the qualities of mind and character that signalized his future career. At the outbreak of the war be tween the States, he enlisted as a private in Co. K, 16th Alabama infantry regiment, J. B. Powers, as captain and Col. William B. Wood, of Florence, as regimental commander. He was in the conflict from the beginning to the end, and took part in the battles at Fishing Creek, Perryville, Murfreesboro, and all the battles of the Western Army, in which his command par ticipated, except when disabled from wounds received in action. After the battle of Fish ing Creek he was promoted to third lieutenant and became captain after the battle of Shiloh. He led the 16th Alabama regiment in an im petuous and successful charge, at Chickamauga, where he was wounded. As he retired, with his wound, the sedge field on which a part of the battle had been fought, caught fire and burned rapidly. He stumbled upon the pros trate form of John Custer, a private, an elder ly man who had fought the day through be side three sturdy sons, and who was now wounded by a gun shot through the hips and his life imperiled by the rapidly approaching •fire. Captain Bankhead, with one arm useless, lifted himself from the ground with Custer clinging to his neck, and thus bore him to a spot of safety. The rescued man survived the war many years, and was always the devoted friend of his benefactor. In 1917, when the United Confederate veterans held their memor able reunion in Washington, D. C., Captain Bankhead appeared on the floor of the senate, of which he was a member, clad in the grey uniform worn by the brave Confederate sol diers a half century before. Immediately upon his entrance that august body rose as a mark of respect to the venerable old warrior and statesman, and to the glorious valor of the Southern army. As soon as order was restored, Captain Bankhead said: "Today the shattered remnants of the army of Lee and Jackson, and the navy of the Confederacy, are in Washing ton, and with their sons will march in review before the President of the United States. Think, Senators, of the significance of this spectacle! A little more than half a century ago these same men, in arms, were hammering at the gates of Washington. Today, marching with feeble body and faltering step, on a mis sion of peace and love, not of hatred and blood shed, in a spirit of resolute reconciliation and absolute loyalty to our flag, they voice in vi brant tones to all the world, the indissoluble union of the United States. I am grateful that God has spared me to see this day when my comrades in arms are in the capital of this na tion which they struggled to destroy, but which none in this great republic are now more anxious to preserve. For four years I marched under the 'stars and bars.' Six immediate members of my family are today enlisted un der the 'stars and stripes,' a son, two grand sons, two nephews, and my daughter, Mrs. Louise Lund, a volunteer Red Cross worker overseas. They will even up our records." On his motion the Senate then adjourned as a mark of respect to the Confederate veterans holding their reunion in the city. A few moments later, Captain Bankhead, clad in grey, with his GENERAL HENRY D. CLAYTON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 91 colleague in the senate, Knute Nelson, of Min nesota, clad in blue, marched at the head of the Confederate hosts, and, typifying the heal ing of the wounds of the sections, drew the heartiest and most stirring applause of the memorable day. On the occasion of the visit of Marshal Joffre to the senate, Senator Bank- head was presented to him by Senator Lodge of Massachusetts as the sole surviving Con federate soldier serving in that body. The great Frenchman embraced him, with a hearty "God bless you, Sir," and expressions of appre ciation of the high military qualities of the Confederate Army. After the close of the War of Secession, Captain Bankhead returned to his parental home and resumed his agricultural pursuits. He was elected to the Alabama legis lature from Marion County and served during 1865-66; represented the twelfth senatorial dis trict in the Alabama legislature, 1876-77, at which time he supported Gen. John T. Morgan in his first election by the legislature to the senate of the United States, a position to which he succeeded that distinguished soldier and statesman thirty years later. In 1880, he again served as a member of the lower house. His native ability so impressed itself upon the chief executive, Gov. Rufus W. Cobb, that he offered to him the wardenship of the State penitentiary, an institution requiring humane, sympathetic and practical handling. Under his regime as head of the State prison system many reforms were instituted and his urgent recommendation that a reform school for youthful delinquents be established was later fulfilled under the leadership of the club women of the State. One of his first official acts was the abolition of the small cells as sleeping quarters, and the disuse of instruments of dis cipline that characterized the "dark ages" in prison life in the State. On September 13, 1886, at Fayette court house, he was nominated to congress by the Democratic convention of the sixth congressional district, and elected to that office in November, serving continuously from March 4, 1887, to March 4, 1907, a period of twenty years. He was a member of the com mittee on public buildings and grounds during his entire service in the national house of representatives, and chairman of that commit tee during the period of Democratic control, at which time the great and incomparably beautiful library of congress at Washington was built. He was able to secure for his own State, appropriations for a number of public buildings and was the consistent advocate of government owned buildings for post offices and other federal agencies. After March 4, 1897, he was appointed a member of the committee on rivers and harbors, and through his efforts, the Warrior River was made the longest canal ized waterway in the world. In the early years of his labors for that stream it was of so little commercial importance, and held in such small esteem by some as a source of navigation that it was facetiously proposed by opposing con gressional colleagues that the course be paved. But unmoved by ridicule or opposition he pushed steadily forward with his efforts. One of the gigantic locks, sixty-three feet high, ndw backs the water of the Warrior for a distance Vol. Ill— 7 of seventy-five miles, and forms a splendid lake which was named in his honor, "Lake Bankhead." During the period of the Euro pean War, the Warrior River served as one of the arteries of trade which contributed to the defeat of the German empire. The govern ment has made the Warrior River an integral part of its inland waterways system, and oper ates from the rich mineral, agricultural, man ufacturing and wholesale district of Birming ham to the Gulf of Mexico, a line of self- propelled barges bearing a part of the com merce of the world, being one of the few inland trade arteries which the government is able to operate without an annual excessive appropria tion to eliminate deficits. Concurrent with his efforts towards developing the Warrior River, Captain Bankhead worked for the deepening of the harbor channel in Mobile Bay, and soon that port became a deep sea shipping point. In a primary election, held August 27, 1906, in contest with six other aspirants, Captain Bankhead was nominated in the Democratic primaries of Alabama to assume the first va cancy that might occur in the State's represen tation in the U. S. senate. On the death of Senator John T. Morgan, June 18, 1907, Sen ator Bankhead's nomination by the people was confirmed by the legislature then in session. Upon taking his seat in the senate, he imme diately undertook to impress on congress the feasibility of government cooperation with the states in the construction of highways. His views by some were regarded as chimerical and by many as socialistic, but in this as in his waterways work, he was unmoved by opposi tion. His first reward came in a congressional appropriation of $500,000 with which to make a practical test of federal aid to good roads. Such test was entirely satisfactory, and con gress very soon agreed to an appropriation of $75,000,000. Within ten years after his first good roads appropriation was made by congress the people of the United States had caught his enthusiasm and instructed their representa tives in congress to vote for the Bankhead good roads bill carrying an appropriation of $275,- 000,000. In recognition of his services, the United States good roads association, elected him its first president, and retained him at the head of the organization until his death. His name was given by a grateful public to one of the transcontinental highways, the "Bank- head Highway," which begins at the "Zero Stone" in Washington, D. O, marking jointly the beginning of the Bankhead and the Lincoln Highways, and terminating in San Diego, Calif. Under orders of the war department, a motor convoy traversed the Bankhead High way during the summer of 1920. Senator Bank- head was for twenty-five years vice-president of the Alabama good roads association. He was the author of the amendment to the con stitution of Alabama, which permitted the State to engage in building good roads and creating a State highway commission. Senator Bankhead collaborated and shared honors equally with Senator Underwood in se curing congressional legislation which resulted in the development by the government of Mus cle Shoals, in the Tennessee River, and the 92 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY construction of plants for the filtration of at mospheric nitrogen, and the construction of Wilson Dam, destined to be when completed one of the greatest waterpowers in the world, involving in all the expenditure of more than $100,000,000. In both houses of congress Sen ator Bankhead played a conspicuous part in the development of the many waterway pro jects of the nation, rivers, harbors and water power development. He was chairman of the senate committee on post offices and post roads and of the committee on postal salaries, and was an earnest advocate of mail efficiency and adequate pay for postal employes. At the ex piration of his last term in the house, Presi dent Roosevelt appointed him to membership on a commission to make a scientific study of national waterways and power sites, but he took his seat in the senate prior to the organ ization of the commission, which later was dis solved because of some legal technicality in the act creating it. In 1912, Senator Bankhead managed the presidential campaign of Senator Underwood, of Alabama, the latter at that time being chairman of the ways and means com mittee of the house. This effort to nominate a southern man for that high office was the first serious and organized attempt following the War of Secession. Senator Bankhead was es sentially a practical man, straightforward in his dealings, despising hypocrisy and pretense. His ability to read character enabled him to avoid many entanglements that often beset a public man, and his rugged honesty was a tower of strength in the accomplishment of his life's work. On November 13, 1916, Sena tor and Mrs. Bankhead celebrated their golden ' wedding anniversary at their home, "Sunset," in Jasper. The celebration also involved an appreciation of the election of their son, Wil liam Brockman, to membership in the house of representatives, U. S. congress. The elec tion of the younger Bankhead to the house, while his father was serving in the senate was an unprecedented event in American history, and later it frequently happened that while the Senator was called by the vice-president to preside in his place in the Senate, the son would be presiding over the deliberations of the house at the request of the speaker. At the time of his death Senator Bankhead had served twenty years in the house and thirteen years in the senate, making a total of thirty- three years in the two houses of congress. He was a Mason, having at one time been grand master of the State; a Democrat; Methodist; Ku Klux during the reconstruction period, a member of the Sons of the Revolution and United Confederate Veterans. Married: No vember 13, 1866, at Wetumpka, to Tallulah James, daughter of James Henry and Mary Elizabeth (Stairley) Brockman, natives of Greenville District, S. C, the former a mer chant and planter, who died at the age of twenty-two, while the latter lived to the age of ninety-three, and is buried in Jasper; grand daughter of Thomas Patterson and Mary (Kil- gore) Brockman, the former a planter and mer chant, colonel of the lower regiment, Green ville District, S. C. militia, member of both branches of the South Carolina legislature dur ing a period of forty years, representing his district during some of the State's most crucial periods, member of the State conventions of 1832, called to nullify the act of congress im posing duties for protection, and in 1852, which convention was called for the purpose of seced ing from the Federal union, he being all the while a firm and decided union man, but ac cepting the will of the majority, and later los ing in the War Oi Secession his only remaining two sons, both high ranking officers, and of George and Parmelia (Lester) Stairley, of Greenville District, S. C; great-granddaughter of Archibald and Elizabeth (Crymes) Lester, of Virginia, and of James and Keziah (Greer) Kilgore, of Spartanburg, S. C, and of Henry and Susannah (Patterson) Brockman, natives of Virginia who removed to" South Carolina about 1790, settling in Spartanburg or Green ville District, a planter and slave owner; great- great-granddaughter of Col. Benjamin Kilgore, and wife, who was a Miss McRary, the former a captain in the Indian campaigns during the colonial period and major of cavalry under General Brannon in the Revolutionary War, and of John and Amelia (Martin) or (Ed wards) Brockman, the founder of the family in America, natives of England, who located first in Virginia, probably in Orange or Albe marle Counties, their descendants going later to North Carolina and thence to South Caro lina, and of George Crymes, of Virginia, son of Baronet Crymes of English parentage, born in Pockham, Wales, who inherited a barony and was made a knight of the garter by the King of England, migrated to America in the early colonial period, and settled in King and Queen County on the York River, where he built a home which he fortified with cannon against Indian attack; great-great-great-granddaughter of William Kilgore whose ancestors migrated from Carlisle, Pa., to Laurens and later Green ville Districts, S. C. The Brockman family was seated in Essex and Kent Counties, Eng land, the homestead and estate "Beechborough," bought in the year, 1455, by Sir Henry Brock man, still stands, and is owned by members of the Brockman family. The church register shows an entry of the name in the year 1200, A. D. A further account may be seen in Burke's "Landed Gentry." Children: 1. Louise, m. (1) Col. William Hayne Perry, lawyer, planter, officer in Hampton's Legion, C. S. Arniy, member of congress, son of Gov. B. F. Perry, of Greenville, S. C, (2) Arthur Graves Lund, Washington, D. C; 2. Marie Susan, (q. v.) m. Thomas M. Owen (q. v.) ; 3. John Hol lis, jr., (q. v.); 4. William Brockman, (q. v.); 5. Col. Henry M., (q. v.). LaSt residence: Jasper. BANKHEAD, JOHN HOLLIS, jr., lawyer, legislator and coal operator, was born July 8, 1872, at Moscow, Lamar County; son of John Hollis and Tallulah (Brockman) Bankhead, (q. v.). His primary and preparatory educa tion was received in the common schools at Moscow, Vernon, Wetumpka and Fayette. He entered the University of Alabama, in 1887 and graduated with the A. B. degree in 1891, presi dent of the senior class and captain of the DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 93 staff, the University at that time being under military discipline. He attended the law school of Georgetown university, Washington, D. C, graduated in 1893 with the LL. B. degree, presi dent of the senior law class. He entered upon the practice at Jasper, August 1, 1893, as the junior member of the firm of Coleman and Bankhead. Upon the death, in 1904, of Mr. Coleman, the firm became Bankhead & Bank- head, the junior member being William B., younger brother, who had been practicing in Madison County. He is the author of the Ala bama election law under the constitution of 1901; in 1903 was elected to the State legis lature from Walker County; captain of the Bankhead rifles, A. N. G., of Jasper, 1900-01; major of the 3rd infantry regiment, A. N. G., 1901-03. He is a Democrat and served as cam paign manager for his father in his success ful races for the U. S. Senate, and for his brother, W. B. Bankhead, in his successful race for congress against Capt. R. P. Hobson. He has not sought office for himself but has de voted his political efforts to his relatives and friends. Mr. Bankhead does a large private and corporation law practice and is president of the Bankhead coal mine and other coal mines in Walker County. Married: December 26, 1894, at Fayette, to Musa, daughter of Walter Worth and Lula (Burris) Harkins, of that place. Chil dren: 1. Marion; 2. William Walter, graduate of the University in both the academic and law departments, member of the firm of Bankhead and Bankhead, having taken the place left vacant by his uncle upon his election to con gress, m. Emelil Crumpton of Maplesville; 3. Louise. Residence: Jasper. BANKHEAD, WILLIAM BROCKMAN, law yer, member of Alabama legislature and U. S. congress, was born April 12, 1874, near Sulh- gent, Lamar County; son of John Hollis and Tallulah J. (Brockman) Bankhead (q. v.), brother of John H. Bankhead, jr. (q. v.), and of Mrs. Marie B. Owen (q. v.). He received his early education in the public schools at Wetumpka, and Fayette, being taught by Miss Susie Doby and Prof. M. B. Dubose; entered the University of Alabama, 1889, at fifteen years of age and graduated, A. B., June, 1893; cap tain, Co. C, Cadet corps, and winner of the trustees' oratorical prize. He at once entered the law department of Georgetown university, at Washington, D. C, from which he graduated in 1895, being president of the class, an honor borne likewise by his brother, John H. Bank- head, jr., upon graduating from the same in stitution, these young men being the first Southerners so honored after the War of Se cession. He was admitted to the bar at Fayette, September, 1895, and entered upon the practice at Huntsville, in the office of Judge William Richardson. M. C. In 1905 he removed to Jasper to practice with his brother, John H. Bankhead, jr. He was city attorney of Hunts ville 1900-01; circuit solicitor fourteenth cir cuit ' 1900-14; elected to the 65th and 66th con gresses from the tenth district, and is a member of the education and merchant marine commit tees of that body; had charge of the legislation giving vocational training to disabled soldiers of the World War, and was author of the act to rehabilitate Industrial cripples passed by the 66th congress. He is a Democrat, chairman of the Walker County committee, delegate to sev eral state conventions, presidential elector, 1904. He is a Methodist; a Mason; Odd Fellow; Woodman of the World; Knight of Pythias and a member of the Phi Delta Theta college fra ternity. Married: (1) January 31, 1900, in Memphis, Tenn., to Adelaide Eugene, daughter of J. Thomas and Evelyn Eugenia (Garth) Sledge, the former a native of Mississippi, the latter of North Alabama; (2) January 16, 1915, to Florence, daughter of Joseph H. and Saleta J. (Anderson) McGuire, of Jasper. Children: by the first wife, 1. Evelyn Eugenia, m. Morton Hoyt. 2. Tallulah Brockman, an actress, ap pearing first upon the screen at sixteen years of age, and later going on the legitimate stage where she played the leading female role in "39 East," and won success in "Foot-loose," both Broadway successes. Residence: Jasper. BANKS, CHARLES PETER, physician, de ceased. For forty years in the active practice of medicine at Newburgh, and a public spirited citizen. BANKS, DUNSTAN MARION, teacher and planter, was born July 31, 1832, at Culloden, Ga., and died April 1, 1912, at Opelika; son of James Jones and Hannah (Alston) Banks, who lived at Culloden, Elbert County, Ga., and Enon, coming to Alabama as a pioneer planter; grandson of Ralph and Rachel (Jones) Banks, and of James and Grizel (Yancey) Alston, all natives of Elbert County, Ga. He received his early education at the village school at Enon and graduated at the State university, Athens, Ga. Prior to the War of Secession he was a planter and afterwards he taught school at Enon, Union Springs, and Opelika, and was for several years superintendent of education of Lee County. He was a Democrat and ardent prohibitionist; a local Methodist preacher; a Mason. Married: December 31, 1854, at Smith's Station, to Cordelia, daughter of John Warren and Florella (Glenn) Allen, of that place and Greenville; granddaughter of Rev. James E. Glenn, a native of South Carolina, a pioneer Methodist minister, serving the Keewee cir cuit, Edisto District, in 1812 and for whom Glennville, this State, was named. Children: 1. John James, deceased, m. Mattie Cotten, Opelika; 2. Bettie Benona, deceased, m. Henry Crawford Jernigan, Opelika; 3. Nettie, m. Walter N. Hurt, deceased, Phoenix City; 4. Mary Hannah, m. Albert Edward Barnett (q. v.), Opelika. Last residence: Opelika. BANKS, E. A., deceased. At one time part owner of the "Montgomery Mail." A Confeder ate soldier. BANKS, JAMES JONES, lawyer, was born April 27, 1861, at Enon, Bullock County; son of Jabez Benoin and Jane Rebecca (Harvey) Banks, natives of Georgia, and early settlers of Bullock County. He was reared on his father's 94 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY farm; attended private schools; was graduated from the Alabama Polytechnic Institute with the degree of B. A., 1882, and from the law course in the University of Alabama with the degree of LL. B., 1885. He was admitted to the general practice of law before the supreme court of Montgomery; moved to Birmingham, where he became law partner with E. H. Caba- niss; was elected city attorney in 1890; elected judge of the tenth judicial circuit, from 1892 until 1898; and resumed the practice of law in the firm of Banks and Selheimer, formed October, 1889. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias and of the Methodist Episcopal church. Married: December 7, 1887, at Union Springs, Lee Frazer, daughter of Judge S. T. Frazer of Union Springs. Children: 1. Frazer; 2. James J. Residence: Birmingham. BANKS, JAMES OLIVER, JR., business man, was born December 26, 1865, in Columbus, Miss.; son of James Oliver and Martha (Cole man) Banks, Sr., the former a native of Tusca loosa, born in the old Banks residence, near the college grounds, was graduated from the Uni versity of Alabama, A. B., 1847, and A. M., 1850, and from Jefferson Medical College, M. D., 1850, was lieutenant-colonel of the Forty-third regiment of Mississippi volunteers, C. S. Army, the latter a native of Greene County, born and reared in the old country residence, "Grass- dale," near Eutaw; grandson of Willis and Mary (Gray) Banks, who moved in 1821 from Elbert County, Ga., to Tuscaloosa, and then to Colum bus, Miss.; great-grandson of Ralph Banks, a Virginian, who left that state at the beginning of the nineteenth century, and settled on the "Broad Settlement," in Elbert County, Ga. He was educated in the schools around Eutaw, hav ing as one of his early teachers, Miss Sallie Collier; was prepared for college in Dr. Henry Tutwiler's school at Green Springs; and was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1887. At graduation he was given the rank of captain in the corps of cadets. After- leaving college, he embarked in the mercantile business at Eutaw. He is a vestryman in the Episcopal Church at Eutaw, and has been state treasurer for funds for widows and orphans of deceased clergymen for the Episcopal Church, diocese of Alabama. Married: June 6, 1889, in Eutaw, Julia Coleman, his cousin, daughter of Judge Thomas and Frances (Wilson) Coleman, a lineal descendant of John and Rhoda Cole man. Children: 1. Wilkes; 2. Willis; 3. Hamp den; 4. Jack; 5. Ralph; 6. Ellen Gray. Resi dence: Eutaw. BANKS, MARION, planter, was born 1813, in Georgia; and died January 16, 1886, at Tusca loosa; son of Ralph and Rachael (Jones) Banks, of Jonesboro. He was educated in the University of Alabama, A. B., and A. M.; be came director of the Alabama State Bank, in 1841 ; was elected representative in the Alabama General Assembly, by the largest vote ever given in his county, in 1842, and was again elected in 1851, after his term of office he retired from public life and devoted his attention to his planting interests. He was elected a trus tee of the University of Alabama from 1876 un til 1884, and later, president pro tem. of the board of trustees. He belonged to the Whig party. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. BANKS, MICHAEL JOSEPH, physician, was born July 27, 1857, in Tallapoosa County; son of Dr. Wilson L. and Parmela (Bulger) Banks, the former a native of Chambers County, born March 24, 1832, and died September 30, 1890; grandson of Joseph and Mary (Briscoe) Banks, the former, born June 6, 1811, in Dublin, Ire land, came with his parents to America in 1818, settling in Georgia, moved to Alabama in Talla poosa County, and died in 1863, and of Gen. M. J. and Parmela (Donald) Bulger, the former a native of Columbia, S. C, born February 13, 1806; great-grandson of Joseph and Margaret Banks, Sr., the former was born in Ireland in 1779, and died in Alabama in 1856, and of Pierce and Annie (Adams) Bulger; great-great-grand son of John and Jane Banks, the former, born 1758, in Dublin, Ireland, died in 1833, and was buried in Bride's Churchyard, Dublin, Ireland, and of Mike Bulger, a native of Ireland, and the brother of Lord John Bulger. The progeni tor of the family in America, Mike Bulger, came to this country with Baron DeKalb to join the Revolution, remained a member of his staff as long as DeKalb lived, and was by his side when the latter was killed at Camden. Dr. Banks was reared in Tallapoosa County, attend ing the common schools there, and later took up the study of medicine in the Atlanta Medical College. He was graduated M. D., 1889, and began to practice medicine the following year at Jackson's Gap, where he has continued a suc cessful practice. He is a Democrat, and a Mis sionary Baptist. Married: (1) in 1880, Beulah Henderson of Jackson's Gap, who died in 1893; (2) in 1895, Vada Burroughs of Dadeville, who died in 1899; (3) January, 1903, Linnie Shank, of Glass. Children, by first marriage; 1. Lula; 2. Esther; 3. Graves, deceased;" 4. Ruth; 5. Joseph T.; 6. Wilson L.; 7. Beulah: by third marriage; 8. Dona. Residence: Jackson's Gap. BANKS, NEWTON PALEY, physician, was born September 24, 1824, in Elbert County, Ga., and died May 1, 1901, at Opelika; son of James Jones and Hannah (Alston) Banks, the former a native of Elbert County, Ga., and a promi nent farmer; grandson of Ralph and Rachel (Jones) Banks, who lived in Granville Coun ty, N. C, later removing to Elbert County, and of James and Grizel (Yancey) Alston, of Elbert County; great-grandson of James and Christian (Lillington) Alston, of Thomas and Sarah (Chandler) Banks, of Granville County, N. C, and of James and Charity (Alston) Jones, the former a member of the provincial congress of North Carolina, 1776, and captain of third company of first regiment of light horse cavalry of North Carolina; great-great- grandson of Solomon, sr., and Nancy (Hinton) Alston, of James and Mary (Clarke) Alston; great-great-great-grandson of John and Anne (Wallis) Alston; great-great-great-great-grand son of John and Dorothy (Temple) Alston, the former was in 1725 appointed revenue col lector for the king, served from April 3, 1738, to 1747, as a vestryman of St. Paul's parish, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 95 Cowan County, N. C, and in 1746 served as sheriff of Cowan County. Dr. Banks was edu cated in Culloden, Ga., and upon removal to Enon, in 1844, continued his studies, and later graduated in medicine at Louisville, Ky. He entered upon the practice of his profession at Enon, where he continued many years, but finally gave up his profession to enter business. He was a Democrat; Methodist, and Mason. Married: January 16, 1851, at Enon, to Frances Ann, daughter of Henry W. and Caroline (Gachet) Jernigan, of Glennville; granddaugh ter of Dr. Charles and Ann (Stubbs) Gachet, the former a native of Bordeaux, France, who had been educated for the priesthood, but came to America before entering that service. Chil dren: 1. Henry Jernigan, deceased, m. Sallie Kate Tarver; 2. Sallie Hannah, m. James B. Tarver, Charlotte, N. C; 3. Jasper, d. in in fancy; 4. Caroline, d. in infancy; 5. Jabez B., m. widow of Henry J. Banks; 6. Pearl, m. War ren Byers Watkins, Edmond, Okla. Last resi dence: Opelika. BANKS, ROBERT WEBB, planter and Con federate soldier, for some time a resident of Alabama, where he was educated in part and where he married, was born in Columbus, Miss., in 1843; son of Col. Dunston and Lucretia (Webb) Banks, the former one of the earliest residents of Columbus, Miss.; grandson of Ralph and Rachel (Alston) Banks, natives of Virginia and North Carolina, who removed to the Broad River settlement, Elbert County, Ga., and of Thomas and Martha (Dickens) Webb, of North Carolina. Mr. Banks was a cadet in the Uni versity of Alabama, 1861-62; in the latter year enlisted as a private in Co. B, 43rd Mississippi infantry regiment; was sergeant major, 37th Mississippi infantry regiment, and later trans ferred and promoted adjutant, 29th Alabama in fantry regiment. After the war he engaged in planting; during 1866-90 was a warehouseman; 1870-90 was in newspaper editorial work; 1889- 92 collector of internal revenue in President Cleveland's first administration; and receiver of public moneys during his second term. He was lieutenant-colonel of the Third Mississippi vol unteer infantry in the Spanish-American war; and was at one time in the employ of the Ten nessee planters company at Memphis. Author: "The battle of Franklin," 1908. Married: No vember 18, 1869, to Alice Clay, daughter of Col. Felix and Sarah Anne (Parrish) Sherrod, of Lawrence County. Children: 1. Sarah Felix, m. Charles David Hill, of Louisville, Ky.; 2. Lucile Webb; 3. Robert Webb; 4. James Oliver; 5. Alice Sherrod. Residence: Colum bus, Miss. BANKS, WILLIAM, merchant, moved from Brunswick County, Va., about 1808, to Franklin, Tenn., and later to Courtland, Madison County, where he entered the dry goods business and became a successful merchant. Married : in Vir ginia, a Miss Jenkins, a daughter of Dr. Jen kins, a surgeon in the Revolutionary War. Children: 1. Minerva J., m. Judge J. J. Ormond (q. v.) ; 2. Cassandra, m. Watkins Leigh Har ris, a lawyer of Courtland; 3. Mary, m. a Mr. Robinson, and after his death his brother; 4. Amanda, m. Richard Norfleet Harris, sr. (q. v.); 5. Elizabeth, m. Judge Bowling C. Baker; 6. William, physician, m. a Miss O'Connor, of Chicago; 7. Cornelia, m. Andrew S. Nicholson. Last residence: Madison County. BANKS, WILLIAM HARVEY, merchant, farmer, and legislator, was born August 11, 1842, at Talbotton, Talbot County, Ga.; son of Jabez B. and Jane Rebecca (Harvey) Banks, of Enon. He was educated in the common schools of Enon, and at Auburn, but did not graduate. In 1862 he enlisted in Co. C, 45th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, serv ing with this unit during the War of Seces sion. He was a member of the constitutional convention of 1901 from Russell County. He is a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: December 10, 1868, at Enon, to Mary Louisa Rogers. Residence: Hatchechubbee. BANNISTER, JAMES W., author. Resi dence: Montgomery. BAPTIST, EDWARD, Baptist minister, was born in Mecklenburg County, Va., May 12, 1790, and died in Marengo County, March 31, 1863. At the age of eighteen years he joined the Presbyterian church, of which his mother was a member. His father was an Episcopalian. He graduated at Hampden Sidney college. Be coming dissatisfied with his religious affilia tions, after investigation of the subject of baptism, he united with the Baptists. He then returned to Hampden Sidney college, and grad uated in theology. He was ordained to the Baptist ministry, 1815; settled in Powhatan County, Va.; was the prime mover in the or ganization and drafted the constitution of the General association, 1822; and was the origi nator »f the Baptist educational society and seminary. He "had a brilliant ministry of twenty years in Virginia," (Cathcart) ; re moved to Marengo County in 1835; and was pastor of many country churches. He was the author of many articles in the "Religious Her ald," and other church papers. Married: to Eliza J. C. Eggleston, about 1815. Children: (order conjectural) : 1. Edward Glanville, A. B., University of Alabama, 1848, long a Baptist minister of Virginia, m. (1.) Maria E. Duerson, of Spottsylvania, Va.; (2.) Sarah A. Duerson, of the same place; 2. Powhatan Richard, student at the University of Alabama, 1856-57 (unmarried), turned his attention to literary pursuits, private Fourth Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army, wounded in battle, and died soon afterwards at his home in Faunsdale; 3. Eliza E., m. Benjamin C. Gay; 4. William H; 5. Ann; 6. Margaret Hill; 7. Laura. Last residence: Marengo County. BARBER, ROBERT, register U. S. land office, was born December 29, 1840, in Utica, N. Y.; and died at Montgomery; son of Milo G. and Mary A. (Addy) Barber of Oneida County, N. Y.; great-grandson of Robert Barber, a cap tain in the Revolutionary war. Robert Barber was educated in the public schools and gradu ated in the high school of his native city. He entered in the drug business, but in 1860 he 96 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY enlisted in the 22nd. New York volunteer in fantry, Union Army, and served two years; was wounded at Antietam; re-enlisted in New York cavalry and was mustered in as adju tant; was mustered out of the service at Talla dega, 1865, as assistant adjutant general of the field forces of Alabama. He opened a drug store at Talladega which was destroyed by fire and he removed to Montgomery in 1866 to take the position of chief clerk in the civil bureau at military headquarters; was secre tary of the constitutional convention, 1867, and first sheriff of Montgomery County after +he war; clerk of the house of representatives, Alabama legislature, 1874; U. S. commissioner and law clerk for fifteen years; chief deputy U. S. marshal at Huntsville, four years; office deputy at Birmingham, four years; register U. S. land office 1897. He was an Odd Fellow and a Mason. Married: July, 1866, at Talladega, to Alice B., daughter of Frank and Elizabeth Hall, residents of that place, but natives of Virginia. Children: 1. Thomas Milo; 2. Mary, m. a Mr. Arnold. Last residence: Montgom ery. BARBIERE, JOSEPH, major, 4th Confeder ate infantry, afterwards 54th Alabama; major, Barbiere's Cavalry battalion Alabama reserves. Residence: Memphis, Tenn. BARBOUR, T. M., Baptist minister and planter, was born in February, 1830, in Tus caloosa; son of Richard W. and Priscilla (Lee) Barbour, the former a native of Virginia, the latter of Tennessee. He was educated in the public schools of his native city; enlisted in the army at the age of seventeen, serving in Mexico and receiving his honorable discharge in 1848. He returned to Tuscaloosa, entered the house of Chancellor and Sheldon as clerk, continuing with this firm for ten years, and after that time entering the cotton mill as an employee. In April, 1862, he entered the Con federate service as captain of Co. D, 43rd Ala bama infantry regiment, attaining the rank of major of the regiment in the latter part of 1863. He fought in the battles of Fort Morgan, PerryvIIle, Drewry's Bluff, where he commanded the regiment, Petersburg and Richmond. At the close of the war he began farming. He was ordained a minister of the Baptist church in 1864 and has served churches in Tuscaloosa County. In 1892 he was elected a member of the State legislature. Married: in 1851, to Caroline Atkins, a native of South Carolina. Children: 1. Cullen; 2. Dollie, m. H. W. Reyn olds; 3. Emma, m. Malone Hill; 4. Leer 5. Carrie, m. W. H. Beatty; 6. Benjamin. Resi dence: Tuscaloosa, BARBOUR, WILLIAM WALLACE, teacher, banker and legislator, was born August 19, 1876, near Collinsville, Dekalb County; son of William Henry and Margaret (Witherow) Bar bour, both natives of this state; grandson of John and Nancy Barbour, early settlers in Mar shall County, of South Carolina stock, and of John and Mary (Morris) Witherow, of Vir ginia ancestry. He was educated in the pub lic schools of Alabama; and in June, 1895, graduated from Collinsville high school. Since 1895 he has been a teacher, having taught at Portersville, Collinsville, Brewton, and at Ft. Payne. He has served on the Dekalb County board of education; has been secretary of the Dekalb County teachers association, and vice- president of the Escambia County teachers asso ciation, but is now engaged in the banking busi ness. He was a member of the State senate in 1907 from the twenty-ninth district. He is a Democrat; a member of the Christian church; Mason; Knight of Pythias; and an Odd Fellow. Unmarried. Residence: Fort Payne. BARCLAY, A. R., member, constitutional con vention, 1861 from Talladega County. BARCLAY, ROBERT, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution. "Departed this life on the 26th July, 1848, Robert Barclay, aged 85 years; born Nov. 1763, in Ireland; came with his father to South Carolina in 1769; served as a private sol dier under Sumter towards the close of the War of the Revolution, and emigrated to Tennessee in 1802, and afterwards to Morgan County, Ala bama, in 1816, where he died; being one of the first pioneers who crossed the Tennessee River in Alabama. He was remarkably healthy, never having any sickness until worn out with age; even retaining his eyesight to the last, never using a pair of spectacles ; he professed religion and joined the Baptist Church after coming to Morgan County, and has left three sons and three daughters to mourn his loss. Thus has fallen the last revolutionary patriot that we are acquainted with; tho' there are doubtless many more; but the time is close at hand when the last patriot that bared his bosom to the enemies of American freedom, will cease to live on earth; but the time should be long before a memory of their deeds should be lost to their survivors."— 27ie Democrat, Huntsville, Ala., August 9, 1848. He resided in Morgan County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. BAREFIELD, JOSEPH HARRIS, lawyer and member of the constitutional convention of 1901, was born January 20, 1875, at Prairie Point, Noxubee County, Miss.; son of Dr. Henry L. and Lollie (Eddins) Barefield, the former of Gosport, Miss., the latter of Tusca loosa; grandson of Capt. Benjamin F. Eddins, who was killed while guarding the bridge at Tuscaloosa during the War of Secession. He was educated in private schools at Gosport, Miss., and Suggsville, Clarke County; gradu ated from Howard college in 1895; and took a law course at the University of Virginia; entered on the practice at Monroevllle, Mon roe County, July 27, 1896. For a short time he served as county solicitor, and in 1901 was a member of the constitutional convention. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: May 15, 1898, at Monroeville, to Mattie Bar- nette Harrington. Residence: Monroeville. BARGANIER, MATT EUGENE, machinist, president Alabama State federation of labor, secretary of the International association of machinists, was born June 22, 1879, at Ft. De posit, Lowndes County; son of James Madison FRANK STOLLENWERCK, Sr. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 99 and Mamie Sulzer (Burt) Barganier, of Lowndes County; grandson of James Franklin and Ruth Ann Barganier, of Ft. Deposit, and of John J. and Laura Burt, of Lower Peach Tree. Both grandfathers served in the C. S. Army, John J. Burt dying at Atlanta of wounds received at the battle of Kenesaw Mountain. Mr. Barganier was educated in the schools of Montgomery. He is a machinist and has been employed in different parts of the South; was president of the Alabama state federation of labor, May, 1916, to May, 1918; secretary for the last sixteen years of the International as sociation of machinists, was elected a repre sentative from Montgomery County to the house of representatives, 1919. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; Knight of Pythias; Wood man of the World; and an Elk. Married: No vember 26, 1902, to Zadie Jeanette, daughter of James Andrew and Clara Rebecca LaPrade, of Montgomery. Children: 1. Clara Angella; 2. Mary Frances; 3. William Michel; 4. Zadie Louise, deceased; 5. Laura Bell. Residence: Montgomery. BARKER, BAYLOR B., grand master, grand council, Masons, 1845. BARKER, PRELATE DEMECK, U. S. inter nal revenue collector, postmaster at Mobile and business man, was born September 29, 1835, in Branford, Conn.; son of Jonathan Brooks and Frances J. (Appell) Barker, the former a sea captain, also a native of Branford; grand son of Jacob Barker, descended from Edward Barker who came to America from England in 1665 and was a merchant in the West Indies trade at New Haven, Conn., and of Pierre and Lois (Baldwin) Appell of Branford, the former a native of Marseilles, France, who came to this country with Gen. Lafayette, and served through the Revolutionary War. Branford was the home town of his second ancestors in America. He received a public school and academic education in New Haven, Conn., and at the Stratford academy of that State; at seventeen he left school and for two years read law in a private office in New York City; re moved to Galena, 111., and later to Madison, Wis., and in 1857 came to Alabama and located at Claiborne, Monroe County, an historic town on the Alabama River, where he was employed in a mercantile establishment. In 1861 he en tered the Confederate service as assistant to Maj. C. E. Thomas, post quartermaster at Selma, at which post he served during the entire war. From 1865 to 1883 he was engaged in the cotton seed oil and petroleum business; and was secretary-treasurer of the Selma and Meridian railroad 1869-71. He affiliated with the Republican party after the war, and has been high in local party councils. In 1871 he was named by President Grant as collector of internal revenue for the second district of Ala bama, and for the entire State after consolida tion, in which position he served six years. He was again appointed to the same position by President Arthur in 1883. He removed to Mobile from Montgomery, 1885, and engaged in the cotton compress and storage business with which he had been connected since 1878. He resided In New York City with his family, hold ing the position of secretary of the Empire refining company, a petroleum concern from 1879 to 1883. In 1890 he was named post master of Mobile by President Harrison, and was successively re-appointed by Presidents Mc Kinley, Roosevelt and Taft. He was a delegate from the first congressional district of Ala bama in the Republican national conventions of 1876, 1888, 1892, 1896, 1900, 1908, and 1912; was chairman of the Alabama delegation to the National Republican convention at Philadel phia, in 1900, and represented the State upon the committee that notified President McKin ley of his re-nomination for the Presidency. He is a Mason and Knight Templar. Mar ried: August 1, 1865, at Selma, to Joanna Eliza beth, daughter of Col. Hugh and Caroline (Min- ter) Ferguson (q. v.), and granddaughter of Anthony Minter. Children: 1. Ellis Car son; 2. Florence Jane, m. Harry G. Wales, New York; 3. Joan Elizabeth, m. Maj. Harry Lee Pettus, U. S. Army; 4. Olive Louise, m. Hon. Edward M. Robinson, (q. v.) Mobile, deceased. Residence: Mobile. BARKSDALE, WILLIAM H., Baptist minis ter and farmer, was born February 19, 1827, in Rutherford County, Tenn.; son of Randolph and Susan C. (Williams) Barksdale of Ten nessee, but losing his mother at an early age he was reared by his grandmother Williams at whose death, soon followed by that of his father, he was thrown on his own resources. He began his Christian labors at the age of fourteen by giving religious instruction to his father's servants. He entered Union university, negotiating all expenses through a personal note which was paid in full after the comple tion of his studies and temporary entrance into the teaching profession and was, later in life, given the M. A. degree by this school. He matriculated at Georgetown college, Kentucky, and remained as long as his finances admitted. He preached and taught at Middleton, Tenn., Florence and Mt. Pleasant, serving other churches also in the latter neighborhood; was pastor of Courtland church, 1855-57, and the following year was called to Helena, Ark., where he remained until after the war. When his church was taken for a hospital he erected a building in his own yard and gave secular and religious instruction to the youth of the town. After the close of hostilities he served churches at Shufordville, Miss., Spring Creek and Forest Chapel, Ark., holding his residence at Helena. Later he moved to Memphis, Tenn., and from this point served the Baptist church at Tuscumbia. He was elected clerk of the Alabama Muscle Shoals association in 1855, and a short while prior to his death wrote a cir cular letter on "Close Communion" which made a strong impression upon the members of his faith. Married: (1) July 31, 1846, at Murfreesboro, Tenn., to Mary F., daughter of Dr. William Bashette of that place; (2) July 1, 1867, to Lucy Donoho, of Tennessee. Last resi dence: Memphis, Tenn. BARNARD, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS POR TER, professor of mathematics, natural philos- 100 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ophy and astronomy, at the University of Ala bama, 1837-49, and of chemistry and natural history, 1849-54. BARNARD, TIMPOOCHEE, Yuchee Chief. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. BARNARD, WILLIAM HARRISON, mer chant and legislator, was born March 22, 1864, at Forney, Cherokee County; son of William Marion and Amanda Caroline (Wharton) Bar nard, the former a native of Georgia, who moved to near Key, Cherokee County, where he resided the remainder of his life; a soldier in the Confederate Army; grandson of Jacob and Nancy (Lott) Wharton, of Forney. He was educated in the public schools of Cherokee County; is a merchant, undertaker, and livery man; deputy sheriff of Jefferson County, 1889-90; chief of police of Pratt City, 1895-1905; and was one of the representatives from Jeffer son County in the legislature of 1911. He is an Episcopalian; a Democrat; Knight of Pythias; Elk; Red Man; Odd Fellow; Knight of Honor; ' and a Maccabee. Married: December 25, 1890, at Adairsville, Ga., to Lula, daughter of Rob ert H. A. and Matinza (Turner) Ellis of that place. Children: 1. Lillie Mabel; 2. Charles Ellis; 3. Willie; 4. Jewell, deceased. Resi dence: Pratt City. BARNES, ELLY RUFF, teacher, was born August 12, 1871, at Strata, Montgomery County, son of Justus McDuffy and Louisiana Ruther ford (Ruff) Barnes (q. v.). Elly Ruff Barnes received his entire education at the hands of his father whose schools he attended at Strata and Highland Home, graduating from the lat ter college June, 1891. He spent four summer vacations in normal study under distinguished specialists. He began teaching immediately upon graduation, assisting his father for seven years in his Alma Mater, and removed to Mont gomery in 1898 where he taught one year in the city boy's high school. He again joined his father and together they conducted the Barnes school for boys in Montgomery, founded in 1898 and became principal of the school after his father's retirement. He is a Democrat and member of the Church of Christ. Married: June 9, 1897, at Highland Home, to Ula, daughter of Temple and Ladie (Anderson) Bowling who lived at Russellville, and formerly in Adair- ville, Ky.; granddaughter of Judge Robert C. Bowling of Logan County, Ky., and a descend ant of Jonathan Clark who was the brother of George Rogers Clark both of whom were heroes of the northwest territorial history. The An dersons lived at Lebanon, Tenn., and Were of Revolutionary ancestry. Col. Paul Anderson, uncle of Mrs. Barnes, commanded a Confed erate regiment known as "Paul's People." She had five uncles who were officers in the C. S. Army. Children: 1. Justus Mac, jr.; 2. Robert Bowling. Residence : Montgomery. BARNES, JAMES COLEMAN, farmer, mer chant and legislator, was born May 15, 1852, near Barnes Cross Roads, Dale County; son of Edward and Sarah (Dean) Barnes, the for mer a native of Georgia, who resided in Dale County; grandson of James Dean of Dale Coun ty. He was educated in the common schools of his native county. He is a farmer and mer chant. He represented Dale County in the leg islature of 1903. He is a Democrat and a Uni- versalist. Married: to Phebia Mary, daughter of John H. and Phebia Weed, natives of South Carolina. Residence: Ariosto. BARNES, JUSTUS McDUFFIE, teacher and Christian minister, was born February 10, 1836, near Ada, Montgomery County, and died April 28, 1913, in Montgomery; son of Elkanah and Mary (Lumpkin) Barnes of Prince George County, Md., lived at Edgefield District, S. C, came in 1818 to Pintlala section, Mont gomery County, and accumulated wealth by carpentry and acquired lands by entry, a farmer, merchant, surveyor, militia man, and one of the escort that received and attended General Lafayette during his visit to Mont gomery; grandson of Henry and Ann (Lan- ham) Barnes, of Edgefield, S. C, and of Thomas and Jane (Mcllwaine) Lumpkin of Lancaster, S. C, who located near Strata, Montgomery County. His great-grandfather Barnes was a native of Holland who fought as captain in the Revolutionary War; great-grand father Lanham was a relative of William Lan- ham who came to Maryland with Lord Balti more, and great-grandfather Lumpkin was of English stock. The Mcllwaines were of Scotch origin. The Guinns were Irish. Justus Mc- Duffle Barnes was well educated, having re ceived his preparatory training from Felix Tankersley at Strata, Professor Mangum, a native of Ireland and graduate of the Uni versity of Dublin who taught at Rocky Mount, now Highland Home, and from George C Freeman who taught near Pine Level. He attended Bethany college, Virginia, now West Virginia, 1854-56, and graduated with the de gree of A. B. during the presidency of Alexan der Campbell who founded the college. He be gan teaching at Strata, in 1856, on his father's plantation, with thirteen pupils, but his school quickly grew in favor and soon developed into the Strata high school with an enrollment of nearly two hundred students, of which his two brothers-in-law, Samuel Jordan and M. L. Kirkpatrick became joint proprietors. The location was changed to Highland Home, with a change of name in 1881 to Highland Home institute, changing again in 1889 to High land Home college which remains as a monu ment to the vision and labors of its founders. He resigned the presidency of this school in 1898 and removed his family to Montgomery where he established the Barnes school for boys, conducted for the past twelve years by his son, Elly Barnes. He was one of the greatest community forces of his state and organized numerous civic and patriotic asso ciations. By giving the people clean pleasures, music, public speaking and social gatherings, he fought and helped destroy the liquor interests of his county and section. In 1861, he assumed charge of his father's estate and conducted all the farming interests thereafter. In 1862, he was ordained to preach by the Church of DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 101 Christ, and during the remainder of his life engaged actively in the ministry, having or ganized many congregations in Alabama and other states. He was director of the old Mont gomery southern railroad now part of the At lantic coast line. He was conscientiously op posed to war, believing it antagonistic to the principles of Christianity and was, on this ac count excused from military service during the war between the states by the governor of Ala bama. He was a Democrat in sympathy but took no part in politics even declining to vote on the grounds that a Christian should be about "his Father's business," and not en tangle himself with politics. He was a con tributor to the press for fifty years, mainly in church papers, and in early manhood wrote under the pen name of "The Little Man." At the time of his death, which was occasioned by an automobile accident, he was running several series of articles in "Word and work," New Orleans, La., and "The firm foundation," Austin, Tex. For many years he wrote for the ""Gospel advocate," Nashville, Tenn., and made contributions to books of sermons, and also wrote occasional articles for the Montgomery papers on social, economic and religious topics. Married: (1) May 23, 1869, near Strata," to Louisiana Ruff, widow of W. B. Culler, daugh ter of John Hayney and Harriet (Graham) Ruff, who lived near Lapine; the Ruffs came to Alabama about 1864 from Newberry District, S. C; the ancestry was from Holland and were Lutherans; great-granddaughter of Rev. Meetze, a Lutheran minister who emigrated from Ger many to South Carolina; (2) October 26, 1879, near Childersburg, to Ethel, daughter of John Potts and Sarah (Cleveland) Rawdon, the former a Missionary Baptist preacher. Chil dren: by first wife: 1. Elly Ruff, m. Ula Bowling (q. v.); by second wife: 2. Mary Cleveland, m. J. M. Garrett, of Montgomery; 3. Frank Kirk, m. J. J. Campbell, Montgomery; 4. Justus Rawdon; 5. Kanah Jordan, m. M. J. Bray, Montgomery; 6. Lanham (Lannie) Lumpkin; 7. Ethel Kathleen, m. H. V. Bell, Ramer; 8. Jean Mcllwaine; 9. Lucy Berna; 10. Harry McGuinn; 11. Halleen Quen; 12. John Potts. Last residence: Montgomery. BARNES, WALTER HERBERT, business man, was born October 4, 1864, at Lowndes ville, Abbeville County, S. C; son of James Theophilus and Emma Josephine (Moseley) Barnes, a native of Barnes' Mills, Abbeville County, who lived at Barnes' Station on the Savannah Valley railroad of which he was a director for a number of years; grandson of Christian and Susan Barnes, the former a na tive of Virginia, later a resident of South Caro lina, and of J. M. Moseley of that state a de scendant of the Montague family of Virginia. Walter Herbert Barnes was educated at Ander son, Lowndesville, and Fair Play, S. C, and graduated at Lexington, Ky., 1888, with honors. He clerked in a dry goods store in Anderson, S. O, for five years and in 1889 removed to Anniston, from which point he acted as the traveling salesman for two years, later accept ing a similar position for the Daniel Pratt gin company. Two years later he was made man ager of that company's factory at Memphis, Tenn., with the direction of the sales depart ment in five Southern states. He is a Metho dist, and a Knight of Pythias. Married: No vember 26, 1895, at Prattville, to Dora Ade laide, daughter of Merrill E. and Julia Ade laide (Smith) Pratt (q. v.) Children: 1. Julia Adelaide; 2. Emma Josephine; 3. Walter Her bert, jr. Residence: Memphis, Tenn. BARNES, WILLIAM HODGES, lawyer, was born April 21, 1824, in Monroe County, Ga., and died July 29, 1887, in Opelika; son of Isaac and Ruth (Mobley) Barnes who lived at Dudly- ville; grandson of Jethro Mobley and of Isaac Barnes. The Barnes family is of Irish origin, and its earlier American representatives lived prior to the Revolution in Maryland from whence the paternal grandfather removed to Meriwether County, Ga., and later to Lafay ette, Chambers County. William Hodges Barnes received a common school education in his native county and at the age of nineteen be gan to read law in a private office in Lafayette. He was admitted to the bar in his twentieth year and began the practice at Dadeville, where he remained until 1857 when he removed to Lafayette. He represented Chambers County in the senate eight sessions and was in 1865 chairman of the judiciary committee. He later removed to Opelika, where he remained until his death. He was a member of the constitu tional convention of 1861 and a trustee of the Agricultural and mechanical college. At the time of his death the Montgomery Advertiser said: "The news of the death of this eminent and useful citizen will be read with profound regret in every portion of Alabama. None of her citizens was more patriotic, or more de voted to the public weal. No man ever stopped to question Where stands Col. W. H. Barnes?' He bore a large and useful part in the public life of the state. He was always at the call of his party, and his people. While he cher ished the worthy ambition for public station to which his abilities and service made him nat urally an aspirant, there was nothing of the schemer about him — nothing cold and calculat ing. He was by nature, patriotic, impulsive, warm-hearted. He was one of the few men in Alabama who aspired to the highest honors, who boldly took sides with the doubtful pro hibition issue. It was not a part of the man to stop and count the cost where his convic tions led. The loss of Col. Barnes will be severely felt in Opelika, where he was so largely a part of the life and character of the town. But no man in Alabama will fail to pause and pay some kindly tribute to one of the State's best sons, and to the happy pos sessor of the broadest, purest, happiest humor that ever charmed an audience of Alabama's sovereign voters." He was a Mason and a Methodist. Married: April 21, 1847, at Rock Springs, Lee County, Ann Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Cotton and Mary Elizabeth (Dog- gett) Rawles, the former sheriff of Tallapoosa County. Children: 1. William Walter, m. Mary Ingram, Opelika; 2. Joseph Cotton, m. Lula Myrick, Opelika; 3. Charles Henry, m. Mary Belle Tichenor; 4. Augustus, graduate of the University of Virginia, 1872, lawyer, mayor of 102 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Opelika several years, m. Lillie Belle Barnett; 5. Reid Boylston m. Mrs. Lillie Belle (Barnett) Barnes; 6. Mary E., m. Dan Frazer; 7. Annie Octavia; 8. John Rawles; 9. lone. Last resi dence: Opelika. BARNETT, ALBERT EDWARD, lawyer, was born November 11, 1860, at Glennville, Russell County; and died March 25, 1915, at Opelika; son of Patrick Edward and Ellen (Glenn) Bar nett, the former a native of Washington, Ga., colorbearer in the Forty-fifth Alabama regi ment, C. S. Army, who lost his right leg in the battle of Atlanta; grandson of Patrick and Nancy (Beall) Barnett, of Washington, Ga., and of Massillon McKendree and Barbara (Herndon) Glenn of Glennville. The Barnetts were of Scotch-Irish descent and settled in Wilkes County, Ga., in the very early history of the country. The Glenn family is descended from Rev. James Elizabeth Glenn, one of the pioneer preachers who helped establish the Methodist Episcopal church in the south. Al bert Edward Barnett attended night school, Vanderbilt University, and the University of Alabama from which he was graduated with the degree of LL. B. in 1892. He began to practice law in Birmingham; moved to Opelika in 1883; was appointed register in chancery in 1894; was editor of the Opelika Post, 1898-1900; was city attorney of Opelika, 1901-1905, and judge of the court of law and equity when it was first estab lished in Lee County, 1907. He was a Demo crat, a Mason and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Married: (1) April 11, 1888, at Eufaula, Julia Young, daughter of Augustus and Maria McRea Young, died March 2, 1889; (2) January 6, 1892, in Opelika, Mary Hannah Banks, daughter of Rev. Dunstan Marion and Cordelia Allen Banks. Children: 1. Mary Eliza beth; 2. Albert Edward; 3. Sarah Antoinette; 4. Marion Banks; 5. Ellen Glenn. Last resi dence: Opelika. BARNETT, FRANK, planter, was born in the early half of the nineteenth century, and was a representative of one of the earliest families of Montgomery County. He was brother of Charles Barnett, a planter of the same county, who married a Miss Gresham, and was regarded as one of the most religious men in all the county. In describing Frank Barnett, a bio grapher says, "He was strictly a farmer with all that the name implies. He made an abun dance of home supplies and was surrounded with every home comfort. He was fond of hunting and kept a pack of hounds. Deer were plentiful in those days and Mr. Barnett was very fond of the sport and was always ready to go driving, as it was called, which was done in the following manner: Deer were accus tomed to have certain runs or routes, which they never failed to follow when pursued by dogs, and a day would be appointed to have a drive and hunters would meet at some specified place. A part of the company would station themselves at places along these runs, _called stands, while others would take the dogs and go driving. When the deer were jumped or started, they would invariably follow one of these runs at full speed, the dogs and hunts men after them, and as they passed the stands the reports of the guns would be heard, and usually a fine buck and sometimes two or three would be killed. Mr. Barnett, when in pursuit of deer, would never stop for a broken stirrup or girth." Married: Sarah Ponder. He had several children, among them, Hon. Joel Bar nett. He was grandfather of Dr. B. J. Baldwin, of Montgomery. BARNETT, FRANK WILLIS, lawyer and editor, was born October 23, 1865, at Glennville, Barbour County; son of Augustus William and Celeste (Treutlen) Willis, the former a physi cian, merchant and Methodist minister, who was born August 24, 1825, at Washington, Ga.; grandson of Samuel and Elizabeth (Worsham) Barnett of Washington, Ga., and of Gabriel and Anna (Comm) Treutlen; great grandson of Capt. William and Jean (Jack) Barnett, the former a native of North Carolina, born. in 1747, of Lieut. Richard and Mary (Wingfield) Wor sham of Washington, Ga., of John A. T. and Margaret (Miller) Treutlen, Jr., and of George and Anna (Woolfork) Comm; great great grandson of John and Ann (Spratt) Barnett, the former who was born in Ireland, 1717, and died in North Carolina, 1804, of Capt. Patrick and Lillian McAdough, the former who was born in Ireland, 1700, and died in Charlotte, N. C, 1871, of Thomas and Elizabeth (Turrell) Wingfield, of Gov. John Adams Treutlen, who was elected first governor of the State of Geor gia in 1777; great-great-great-grandson of John and Sarah (Garland) Wingfield. Frank Willis Barnett prepared in the public schools of St. Louis, Mo.; private school in Paris, France; University of Alabama; Van derbilt University; The Sorbonne, Paris; Uni versity of Vienna; University of Berlin; New York Law School; and the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. He read law with the Hon. H. D. Clayton of Eufaula ; practiced law at Birmingham, 1889-1892, in New York, 1892- 1894, and in Atlanta, 1894-1895. He was or dained in the Baptist ministry, September 23, 1895; became pastor at Johnson City, Tenn., 1895, assistant pastor in the First Church of Nashville, Tenn., 1897, and pastor at Forsyth, Ga., 1898-1900; headed a department in the law firm of Frederic de Peyster Forster, 1902; and became editor and owner of the "Alabama Bap tist," the organ of the Baptists of Alabama, January, 1902. He was appointed Chaplain of the Second Regiment of Georgia, for the Span ish American War, but did not accept. He is a Democrat, a Mason, and a member of Kappa Alpha college fraternity. Married: At Forsyth, Ga., June 21, 1899, Maud Proctor, daughter of David Jesse and Eileen Proctor of Forsyth, Ga. ; grandaughter of Judge Simmons, a lawyer and author, of Lawrence- ville, Ga. Residence: Birmingham. BARNETT, MERCER J., president, Barnett lumber co. Residence: Birmingham. BARNETT, THOMAS, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 70, and a resident of Perry County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on No vember 4, 1833, under act of Congress of June DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 103 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $20; sums received to date of publication of list, $60. — Revolutionary Pen sion Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BARNETT, WILLIAM, planter, was born in Amherst County, Va., March 4, 1761, and died in Montgomery County, about 1830; son of Na thaniel and Susanna (Crawford) Barnett, the former of English descent, a native of Amherst County, who removed to Columbia County, Ga., about the beginning of the Revolutionary War and where he and his two sons, William and Joel, and two of their young kinsmen, the Crawfords, determined to remain and resist the attacks of the British and the aggressions of the Tories. Nathaniel, the father, was made a captive, and was imprisoned in Augusta. William Barnett and his brother Joel left Georgia and returned to Virginia, joined a mi litia company from Amherst County, under the leadership of Marquis Lafayette, and were with the Americans at the siege of Yorktown. They went back to Georgia after the close of the war. William Barnett lived for a short time in Columbia County, and settled on Broad River in Elbert County; was sheriff of the lat ter county, about 1780; served in the legis lature; was president of the State senate; elected as States' Rights Democrat to the 12th congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the res ignation of Howell Cobb and was re-elected to the 13th congress, serving from November 27, 1812, to March 3, 1815; and removed to Ala bama where he spent his last years. Married: (1) Mary, daughter of Francis and Martha (Jamison) Meriwether, the former a native of Albemarle County, Va., who removed to Georgia in 1784 or 1785, and was one of the pioneer Broad River settlers, the latter the sister of Col. Jamison of the Revolutionary Army; grand daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Thornton) Meriwether, of "Clover Fields," Albemarle County; great-granddaughter of David and Anne (Holmes) Meriwether, of Virginia; and great- great-granddaughter of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Crawford) Meriwether, the former an emigrant from Wales, who died in Virginia in 1744; (2.) to Mrs. Sally (Wyatt) Bibb, mother of Gov. William Wyatt Bibb, (q. v.). No issue by the second marriage. Children: 1. Martha Jam ison, m. Francis Meriwether Gilmer; 2. Thomas Meriwether, planter and slave owner, purchased the waterpower of what was known as the Falls of the Tallapoosa, built a large cotton factory, and named it Tallassee, m. Margaret Micou, and had three children: Thomas, m. a Miss Micou, his cousin; Nicholas, m. Sallie Powell, and Lucy, m. Benjamin Micou, her cousin; 3. Nathaniel, m. Miss Hudson; 4. Mary, m. David M. Taliaferro, (q. v.) ; 5. Lucy, m. George E. Matthews, grandson of Gov. George Matthews, of Georgia; 6. Frances, m. Isaac Ross. Last residence: Montgomery County. BARNWELL, CHARLES HEYWARD, dean of the University of Alabama, was born Novem ber 15 18fc8, in Midway, S. C; son of Charles and Charlotte (Thomson) Heyward. He was graduated from South Carolina College, Colum bia, S. C, with the degree of B. S., 1887, and of M. S., 1888, and from Harvard University, with the degree of M. S., 1893, and of Ph. D., 1898. He was appointed professor of modern langu ages in the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Alabama in 1889, and held this position until 1892, when he attended Harvard University as Shattuck scholar from 1892 until 1894. Follow ing his attendance at Harvard, he was ap pointed professor of English in Hollins Insti tute, Hollins, Va., for three years until, in 1897, he returned to Harvard and resumed his study for a year. He became instructor of English at Western Reserve University, from 1898 until 1899, when he was appointed professor of Eng lish at the University of Alabama. He held that position until 1907, when he became dean of the University. He was president of the South ern Association of Colleges and Preparatory Schools in 1911. Married: September 6, 1893, at Dalton, Ga., Lucile G. Pou. Residence: University, Tuscaloosa County. BARNWELL, ROBERT WOODWARD, bishop of the Diocese of Alabama, Protestant Episco pal church, was born December 27, 1849, at Beaufort, S. C; and died July 24, 1902, at Sel ma; son of John G. Barnwell of Rome, Ga. He is brother of Rev. Stephen Elliott Barnwell of Louisville, Ky.; Rev. William Haversham Barn well of Paris, Ky.; and of Rev. Robert Haver sham Barnwell, all ministers of the Episcopal church. He was graduated from Trinity Col lege, Hartford, Conn., with the degree of B. A., 1872, and spent two years in preparation for the Episcopal ministry at the General Theolo gical Seminary, New York. He was ordained deacon at Middletown, Conn., in 1873. He lo cated at Griffin, Ga., in the spring of the follow ing year and was ordained priest in Atlanta, Ga., by Bishop Beckwith, in 1875. From Griffin, in the fall of 1876, he removed to Demopolis and was rector of Trinity Church at Demopolis from 1876 until 1880, when he moved to Selma. He was rector of St. Paul's Church at Selma from 1890 until 1900. He was consecrated Bishop of Alabama in 1900. Married: at Demo polis, November 6, 1879, Margaret C. Blair. Children: Two sons and two daughters. Last residence: Selma. BARR, EDWARD N., Presbyterian minister, was born in 1871, in Washington County, Pa., and died in 1898, in Decatur. He was licensed by the Cumberland Presbyterian church; served for a year at Huntsville; received into the Presbytery of North Alabama, in June, 1897; served at Jasper Field; ordained in October, 1897; and installed as pastor of the First Pres byterian church, Decatur, in December, 1897. Last residence: Decatur. BARR, JOHN GORMAN, lawyer, was born November 22, 1823, at Milton, Caswell County, N. C; and died May 18, 1858, at Tuscaloosa; son of Thomas and Mary Jane (Gorman) Barr, natives of Scotland who settled at Milton, N. C. He was reared in Raleigh, N. C, where his mother moved after the death of his father in 1826. His mother died when he was twelve years old and to support himself, he immedi- 104 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ately became apprenticed in a printing office, and spent his spare moments in study. He at tracted the attention of Daniel M. Boyd, a mer chant tailor of Tuscaloosa, who sent him to the University of Alabama. He was graduated there, A. M., 1841, with first honors. He studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1839 and began the practice of law in Tuscaloosa at that time. He served as a tutor in mathematics at the Uni versity of Alabama from 1844 until 1846, then resumed the practice of law. He was captain of the first company of Alabama troops in the Mexican War and was promoted to colonel of his battalion. He was appointed elector for his congressional district in 1856 by the state Democratic convention at Montgomery for the ensuing presidential canvass and his district gave Buchanan and Breckenridge a majority of over six hundred votes over Fillmore and Donelson, whereas" a year previous the district had given a two thousand majority to the American party. He was appointed United States consul to Melbourne, Australia, in 1858 and died at sea while on his passage. He edi ted the "Flag of the Union," the organ of the Democratic party, from 1847 to 1848, and later edited the "Tuscaloosa Observer." He was a regular contributor to several periodicals and papers and wrote under the nom de plume "Omega." He was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of Phi Beta Kappa fra ternity and of the Protestant Episcopal church. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. BARR, JOHN HANNA, banker, was born July 28, 1857, at Columbia, Maury County, Tenn.; son of Alger on and Rachel (Kilcrease) Barr; the former born at Mt. Pleasant, Maury County, lived at Columbia; grandson of James H. and Jane (Miller) Barr, who lived near Prairie Sea, Tex., and of John and Harriett Kilcrease, who lived near Columbia, Tenn. John H. Barr attended private schools in Co lumbia; clerk First national bank of Colum bia, 1873; held positions, clerical and official with banks in Birmingham, November 1886 to June 1902; since, vice-president First national bank, Birmingham. Unmarried: Residence: Birmingham. BARR, ROBERT N., president or president protem Alabama State senate, 1869-70. • BARRETT, EDWARD WARE, president of the "Birmingham Age-Herald" Co. and editor, was born September 4, 1866, in Athens, Ga.; son of Thomas Glasscock and Grace Arrington (Ware) Barrett. He received his early school ing in Augusta, Ga.; was graduated from Rich mond Academy, and later from a three year course in civil engineering at Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va. In 1885, he was persuaded by Patrick Walsh, editor of the "Augusta Chronicle," and later United States senator from Georgia, to learn the newspaper business. He set type on the "Chronicle" for a year, was made proof reader, later telegraph editor, and finally, city editor. He became cor respondent of the "Charleston News and Courier" at Augusta; was appointed Washing ton correspondent of the "Atlanta Constitu tion" in January, 1888; remained in Washing ton from 1888 to 1897, and during this time was for four years political secretary of the speaker of the House, Hon. Charles F. Crisp of Georgia. In the early part of 1895 he went to Japan and China to handle the war news of the Chi nese-Japanese war for the "Atlanta Constitu tion" and for the "New York World," and spent four months in the Orient. In 1897 he moved to Birmingham and purchased a controlling in terest in the "Birmingham Age-Herald" of which he is editor. He was elected in 1892 a delegate from Georgia to the Democratic na tional convention in Chicago, and in 1896, a delegate from Alabama to the national conven tion in Kansas City. Married: December 18, 1895, Janie Southerlin Smith, daughter of Fran cis L. and Janie (Southerlin) Smith, of Vir ginia. Residence: Birmingham. BARRETT, NATHANIEL A., physician, was born January 16, 1861, near Moulton, Law rence County; son of David B. and Charlotte (Wilson) Barrett, grandson of William Wilson, one of the early settlers of Lawrence County. He gained his early education in the public schools of Lawrence County, then entered the Baptist Male and Female Institute in Moulton, teaching for six months of the year to defray his expenses. He attended the Medical College of Alabama for a year, and was graduated from Vanderbilt University in 1886, with the degree of doctor of medicine. He practiced medicine in Danville, Morgan County, for five years; moved to East Lake in 1891 where he was elected the first mayor and served for a number of years as chairman of the board of education. He moved to Birmingham where he is president of the Birmingham City Commission. He is a member of the American Medical Association, of the Medical Association of Alabama, and of the Medical Society of Morgan County, serving as president of the latter in 1890. He has served as chairman of the Democratic executive committee of Morgan County, and as a member of the committee of Jefferson County. He is a Baptist, a Mason, and a Knight of Pythias. Married: May 5, 1891, Annie P. Troup, daughter of Frank J. Troup of Danville, who was superintendent of education of Mor gan County. She is a graduate of Huntsville Female College. Residence: Birmingham. BARRON, JOHN, lawyer and legislator, was born October 5, 1793, in York District, S. C. and died near Marion, Perry County, December 1878; son of John Barron, and grandson of Archibald Barron, both of York District, and of Scotch ancestry. He was a cousin of Dr. William R. Barron (q. v.). He moved to Ala bama in 1818 and lived one year in Jones' Val ley. In 1820 he settled in Perry County, eight miles west of Marion. He received his early education in the neighborhood schools of South Carolina, and showed a taste for good reading by the library which he collected. Beginning with limited means he accumulated a fortune. He was a Whig and a member of the Alabama legislature from Perry County for nine ses sions, the latter thirties and forties. For more HON. RUFUS W. COBB DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 107 than forty years he was an elder in the Pres byterian church. He took an active part in the early development of his section and State and died in his eighty-sixth year. Married: (1) Louisa, (2) Nancy Caroline, daughters of Elias and Louise Wallace of Perry County. Chil dren: By first wife, 1. T. Jefferson; 2. William, m. Mary Craig; 3. Louisa m. Col. William S. Phillips of Dallas County, member of the Ala bama state senate; 4. Emily, m. W. M. Lapsley, Cahaba; by second wife, 5. Elizabeth Virginia, m. William Rowan Barron (q. v.). Last resi dence: Marion. BARRON, JOSEPH DAY, editorial writer, legislator and State officer, was born March 19, 1833, in Upson County, Ga., and died June 11, 1910, in Montgomery; son of Elder Hiram and Pheriby (Pool) Barron; the former born in 1800 in James County, Ga., lived near Colum bus, was for forty years a minister in the Primitive Baptist church, died in 1872, in Ran dolph County; grandson of John and Frances (Garrard) Barron, who lived in Warren County, Ga., and of James Pool; great-grandson of William Barron who came from Waterford County, Ireland, in 1766, and settled in War ren County, Ga., was captain in the Revolu tionary War, and the British offered a large reward for his head; wounded and captured in Augusta, he was beheaded by Indian allies of the British. "His head was placed upon a pole in the center of the town, where it remained until the place was recaptured by the Ameri cans." Joseph D. Barron attended the com mon schools of Russell County; at the age of sixteen he began to write for newspapers; in 1856 was editor of the "Louina Eagle," after wards "Southern Mercury;" from 1878 to his death, was connected with the editorial de partment of the "Montgomery Advertiser;" representative from Clay County, in legisla ture 1874-76; chief clerk, 1878, in office of sec retary of State, Maj. W. W. Screws, and held this position for nine years; secretary of State, 1889-94; and sergeant Sixth Alabama cavalry, War of Secession. He was a Jeffersonian Democrat; and a Primitive Baptist. Author: of many poems, essays and short stories; well- informed student of Indian law, traditions and characteristics, and wrote on these subjects, many articles of great value, historically. Mar ried: in 1854, to Rebecca, daughter of Allen and Rebecca (Pearson) Wood, who lived at Forsyth, Ga. Children: 1. Oscar Percy, m. Mrs. Emma Zimmerman; 2. William Yancey, m. Lillian DeVore; 3. Florence Nightingale, m. Fillmore N. Bunn; 4. John Sidney, m. Rosa Lee Fountain; 5. Theodora Blanche; 6. Lizzie Lu, m. William R. Greene; 7. Norah Linda, m. James Long Jackson; 8. Minnie Eldorado, m. Allen S. Rankin; 9. Wallace Screws, m. Mar garet McAllister. Last residence: Montgomery. 1 BARRON, WILLIAM ROWAN, physician, was born March 21, 1836, near Rock Hill, York County, S. C; son of Archibald Ingram and Mary Adams (Pressley) Barron, the former a native of Ebenezer, York County, S.-C, a phy sician and planter, member of the State con vention in 1861 and signed the South Caro lina ordinance of secession, sent four sons to Vol. Ill— 8 the Confederate army; grandson of William and Frances (Stewart) Barron, also of York County, and of William and Anna (Adams) Pressley of Charleston, S. C; great-grandson of Archibald Barron who immigrated to America prior to the Revolutionary War. The family traces its origin to James Barone, one of the two lay commissioners, who with John Knox attended the first general assembly of the Church of Scotland which met in Edinburgh, December 20, 1560. William Rowan Barron received his elementary education in the neigh borhood schools of his native state and later attended Griffin's academy, Society Hill, Dar lington, S. C. He graduated in 1859 with the degree of A. B. from Furman university, Green ville, S. C. His professional education was se cured at the South Carolina medical college, Charleston, and at the Virginia medical college, Richmond, from which latter institution he graduated in 1863. He entered the Confeder ate Army as assistant surgeon, Fifth South Car olina regiment and at the close of hostilities was acting surgeon of the third division, Jackson hospital. In 1866 he settled in the western part of Perry County, and practiced his profession and engaged in planting until 1901 when he retired from his active career and removed to Marion. He was a member of the Alabama legislature, 1894-96. He was a Democrat, a Presbyterian, and a Mason. Mar ried: (1) November 27, 1866, to Elizabeth Vir ginia, daughter of John and Nancy Caroline (Wallace) Barron (q. v.) ; (2) November 19, 1872, to Mrs. Mary J. (Foster) Moore, widow of Andrew C. Moore of Spartanburg County, S. O, daughter of Dr. Robert and Juliet (Moore) Foster; grandaughter of Charles Ham ilton and Mary J. (Barry) Moore of Spartan burg County, niece of Gov. Andrew Barry Moore of Alabama; and great-niece of Gen. Thomas Moore who represented the Spartanburg Dis trict in congress for twenty years. Children: by second wife, 1. Julia Moore, m. Joseph Whit- sitt Arbuthnot, Marion; 2. Elizabeth Virginia. Residence: Marion. BARROW, DAVID S., planter and lumber man, was born in 1828, near Pensacola, Fla.; son of John G. Barrow and wife, who was Mrs. Catsie Ann (Dunn) Gainer, the former a na tive of Georgia who removed to Pensacola, Fla., early in life, going to Covington County about 1831, locating near old Montezuma, a farmer, mill owner and stock raiser, the latter a native of South Carolina. On account of the condi tions at that time he received no educational advantages. He engaged in farming and mer chandising and for some years ran a ferry. He was an extensive land owner and followed farming and milling all his life. During the War of Secession he put a substitute in the field, later he entered the service and was com missioned a captain by the state. He recruited a company of seventy men, took them to Mo bile as their captain and continued in the re cruiting service until the close of the war. He served for six years as county commissioner. He was a Mason and a Missionary Baptist. Married: in 1849, to Sarah K., daughter of Ransom L. and Sarah Dean, both natives of 108 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Georgia, who came to Conecuh County at an early date. Children: 1. Zenobia, m. E. Mc- Keever; 2. Sarah, m. S. A. Jones; 3. Jeptha D.; 4. John Julian; 5. Ella G.; 6. Eldora D., and three others died in infancy. Last resi dence: Covington County. BARTLETT, HENRY S , lawyer and teacher, was born June 13, 1841, at Petersburg, Va., and died ; son of Charles L. and Emma (Morton) Bartlett, natives respec tively of Connecticut and New York, the former a descendant of one of the "pilgrim fathers," the latter of English ancestry. He received his early education in the local schools of his na tive city and at the age of fifteen entered Himp- den-Sidney college, Prince Edward County, Va., from which he graduated, 1859. He located in Dayton, Marengo County, the same year, and began the study of law in the office of Judge William C. Clark, teaching school at the same time and place. He enlisted in the Confederate Army as a private in Co. D, 11th Alabama infantry regiment, was promoted 1st lieuten ant, Co. B, Petersburg battalion, 1863, and served until the close of hostilities. He re turned to Dayton, and in 1866 began the prac tice of law, which profession he relinquished in 1875 on account of an accident that impaired his health. He resumed teaching in 1876 in the Park high school, Tuskegee, and held that posi tion five years; was made principal of the pub lic school at Scottsville, but resigned to become principal of the high school at Columbus, Ga. In 1885, he accepted the task of organizing the high school of Montgomery and was chosen principal. The year following, he was elected superintendent of the public school system of that city. He was a Presbyterian. Married: July 16, 1867, in Marengo County, to Julia, daughter of Col. John H. Prince, a large planter of that county. Children: 1. Charles H, de ceased, m. Bessie Hill, of Montgomery, one child; 2. Belle M., m. A. L. Bennett, of Bir mingham, one child; 3. Henry T., m. May Rice, of Montgomery, one child; 4. Oliver P., m. May McQueen, of New York City; 5. Robert L., un married, Richmond, Va.; 6. John Edmund, m. Carrie Washburn, of Montgomery, two chil dren; 7. William Vann, m. Gladdis Allison, of Birmingham, one child. Last residence: Mont gomery. BARTLETT, WILLIAM HENRY, farmer and merchant, was born August 1, 1864, at Aurora, Etowah County; son of George Washington and Rebecca (Wesley) Bartlett, the former a native of Cowpens, Ga., who moved to Aurora in 1856, and lived there until his death in 1893, serv ing through the War of Secession as a member of Co. C, Forty -eighth Alabama regiment; grandson of Blake Bartlett, of Cowpens, Ga. He attended the common schools at Aurora; be came a merchant at Boaz, 1885-1894; engaged in farming until 1905; in the buying of cotton until 1911; and since then has been occupied in the mercantile business. He was postmaster of Boaz, 1890-1893; justice of the peace, 1896- 1900; was elected to the State legislature from Marshall County in 1900; represented that county in the constitutional convention of 1901; and was mayor of the town of Boaz, 1908-1912. He is a Republican, a Methodist Episcopalian, a Mason and an Odd Fellow. Married: June 17, 1884, in Aurora, to Susan E. Fowler, daughter of Jackson S. and D. Fowler, who lived at Wedowee until 1880, when they moved to Aurora, and later moved to Boaz. Children: 1. Willie Neoma, m. M. O. Byers, Boaz; 2. John Robert, m. Gertrude Mc- Gowan, Boaz; 3. Bulah, m. John Patterson who died February 28, 1912. Residence: Boaz. BARTLEY, ROBERT, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 72, and a resident of Mor gan County; private S. C. Continental Line; enrolled on July 2, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $36.66; sums received to date of publication of list, $109.98. — Revo lutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BARTON, JOHN KEYES, pioneer, was born March 12, 1812, Wilkes County, Ga.; and died February 20, 1886, at Deatsville; son of Thomas and Sarah (Keyes) Barton, the for mer a native of Fairfax County, Va., who moved to Morgan County, Ga., in 1794, came to Alabama territory in 1817, was the first white settler to locate north of Tallapoosa River, cieired the first plantation and built the first prist mill in that locality; grandson of David Barton who commanded a company in the Con tinental Army, was colonel of Virginia troops, and served with Washington at Valley Forge, and of John and Susan Keyes who lived first at Fairfax Court House, Va., and later settled at Madisonville ; great-grandson of David Bar ton who went with Daniel Boone to Kentucky and was killed in Harrodsburg in 1767 by In dians, and whose five sons served in the Revo lutionary War. The Barton family is descended from David Barton, who, with his brother Ab raham, came to America from England in 1672. Abraham settled first in Maryland, and subse quently in New England. David settled fin the James River, Virginia, and his descendants con tinued to live in northern Virginia. The an cestors of the Keyes family were early settlers of Virginia of Revolutionary stock. John Keyes Barton was meagerly educated in the old Augusta field school, on the Tallapoosa River, Montgomery County. He moved to Tuckabatchiee Creek Indian Town and took up farming there. He was a farmer all his life. He was a Democrat and a deacon in the Bap tist church. Married: Elizabeth Chappell Sledge, daughter of Chappell and Jane (Harris) Sledge, who lived near Wetumpka; grand daughter of Absolom and Clara (Jeter) Harris; great-granddaughter of Henry Harris, who moved to Georgia soon after the Revolution and settled in Troup County; great-great-grand daughter of Britan Harris; great-great-great- granddaughter of Henry Harris; great-great- great-great-granddaughter of Henry Harris who came to America in 1692 and located on the James River in Virginia. She died in March, 1885. Children: 1. Sarah Emma, 2. Col. John Keyes (q. v.), m. Clara Jane Trimble. Last residence: Deatsville. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 109 BARTON, JOHN KEYES, Jr., lawyer, was born September 3, 1847, at Tallassee; son of John Keyes and Elizabeth Chappell (Sledge) Barton (q. v.) ; grandson of Thomas and Sarah (Keyes) Barton, and of Chappell and Jane (Harris) Sledge; great grandson of David Bar ton, of John and Susan Keyes, and of Absolom and Clara (Jeter) Harris; great-great-grandson of David Barton, whose ancestor, David Barton, came from England in 1672 and settled on the James River in Virginia, and of Henry Harris, whose ancestor, Henry Harris, settled on the same river in 1692. He was prepared in the old field schools of Tallassee, attended Howard College at Marion, and was graduated from the University of Ala bama with the degree of A. B., 1864. His di ploma was conferred by special act of the leg islature in 1867 to all who were graduated dur ing the war. He read law with Judge David Clopton; was admitted to the bar, January 7, 1867; appointed assistant clerk of the legisla ture the same year; practiced law with Stone, Clopton & Clanton, later with Gen. James Holtz- claw in Montgomery until 1883 when he retired from practice. He became principal of Deats ville Academy, 1884-1886; was president of the Georgia & Alabama Mining Company, 1881- 1891; moved to Cedartown, Ga., in 1886, and resumed practice for two years. He organized the Commercial Bank of Cedartown, the Cedar- town Land & Improvement Company, and estab lished five cotton mills there. He was captain of Co. E, Sixty-third Alabama volunteers under the command of Col. J. A. Law; was assistant adjutant general on the staff of Maj.-Gen. D. H. Maury, commander of the Army of the Gulf, from December, 1864, to March, 1865, when he joined his command at Spanish Fort, near Mobile. He was secretary of the Democratic executive committee when the Conservative party was first organized after the war, and was a member of every Demo cratic convention held in the state until he moved to Georgia. He was a delegate to the national Democratic convention in 1892. He was chairman of the school board of Polk County for many years. He is a Baptist. Married: April 29, 1868, Clara Jane Trimble, daughter of James and Clara (Bigelow) Trimble, of We tumpka; granddaughter of Moses Trimble and of Aaron Bigelow; great-granddaughter of Wil liam Trimble of Georgia. Her ancestors were early settlers in Virginia. Children: 1. Libbie, m. Charles Niles, Vonore, Tenn.; 2. Clara, d. when twenty years old; 3. Mary, m. Horace W. Howard, of Cartersville, Ga., two children; 4. Willie Trimble, m. Arch C. Gibson, Birming ham, one child; 5. Charlotte Bigelow, m. Bev erly P. Head, Tuscaloosa, two children; 6. Charles Conway, Memphis, Tenn. Residence: Birmingham. BARTON, SETH, lawyer, was born in Vir ginia, and died in 1850 in Washington City. He received his early education in Virginia and read law in that state. He came to Tusca loosa in 1821; began to practice law; was elected to the legislature in 1825 by the casting vote of the sheriff as there was an equal num ber of votes for each candidate, one of which was Hon. H. W. Collier. In 1829, he was candi date for the twenty-first congress from Tusca loosa district, but was defeated by Robert E. B. Baylor (q. v.) of Tuscaloosa. He moved to New Orleans, La., in 1830 and practiced law there. He was appointed minister to Venezuela under President Polk. Last residence: Washington City. BARTON, W. S., editor and author. Author : "A new system of English grammar," see "Ala bama Educational Journal," April, 1857, p. 26; "Practical exercises in English composition," see the same source; "Easy lessons in English grammar for young beginners," referred to in the "Southern Teacher," November, 1859. Edi tor: "The Southern Teacher," 1859-61. BARTON, WILLIAM MARION, member of the legislature, was born August 17, 1856, at Gainesville, Hall County, Ga., son of Jonathan and Hannah (Blackstock) Barton, the former lived in Georgia until 1858 when he removed to Winston County, served one year in 1st Ala bama regiment, Federal Army; grandson of Willis and Peggie (Martin) Barton and of Dan iel and Patsy Blackstock. He was educated in the common schools of Winston County. He was a member of the 1907 legislature from Winston County. He is a Republican; a mem ber of the Christian church; an Odd Fellow; and a Mason. Married: at Haley, Marion County, to Martha J., daughter of William and Martha (Ramsey) Lambert. Residence: Lynn. BARTRAM, WILLIAM, naturalist, was born February 9, 1739, at Kingsessing, now part of Philadelphia, Pa., and died July 22, 1823, at that place; son of John Bartram, founder of the first botanical gardens in the United States, which were located on his estate at Kingses sing, Pa.; grandson of John Bartram, who was killed by Indians in North Carolina; great- grandson of Richard Bartram who accompanied William Penn to America in 1682. William Bartram was bred in an atmosphere of natural science. He entered the mercantile business abandoning this work upon his removal to the St. John River, Florida, with his father, where he raised indigo. Returning to his father's home, 1771, he took up the study of botany and natural history, and two years later was en gaged by Dr. Fothergill to visit a few of the Southern States in order to collect their nat ural products. His first and only stay in Ala bama lasted from July 5, 1777, to January 5, 1778, at which time he traveled from Uchee Town, in what is now Russell County, through the lower and upper Creek nations thence to Mobile and some towns in the present Mis sissippi, returning over the same route. His observations on the flora and fauna of the region through which he traveled mark the starting point of natural history science in the south. In 1778 he returned to Philadel phia where he spent the remaining days of his life. He was a member of the Society of Friends and of the American philosophical society. Author: "Anecdotes of a crow;" "De scription of Certhia;" "Memoirs of John Bar tram;" "Observations on the Creek and Chero- 110 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY kee Indians;" and a list of American birds. He was unmarried. Last residence: Philadel phia. BASANIER, French explorer and author. He wrote an account of the three voyages of Jean Ribault, first published in 1586. BASHINSKY, ELI HARDES, cotton factor, was born March 8, 1857, at Powidz, Province of Posen, Germany; son of Ignace and Henriette (Bashinsky) Bashinsky, the former born in 1812 at Orchow, in Posen. On their retreat through Russia the French troops passed through the village (Orchow) and so great was the dread of them that the infant was hidden, and at the close of a Polish uprising, in 1863, he, though always loyal to the Prussian govern ment, would not, when he had the opportunity, betray Polish friends in whose territory he previously had large interests in business; wife was his cousin, lived until 1879 at Powidz, in this year came to Troy; grandson of Elias and Amalia Bashinsky, who lived at Orchow, and of Eliezer and Samantha Bashinsky, who lived at Zadowa, Posen. E. H. Bashinsky re ceived early education until 1869 in the public school at Powidz, and in a private institute at Pudenitz, Germany. Two years afterwards he went to Berlin, in 1875 went to Koenigsberg, after one year returned to Berlin, continued therein until 1875. Here and in Koenigsberg he studied English, German, French and Ital ian, the literatures of these languages, and the peoples to whom they belong. He is yet de voted to these studies and to writings of Ger man philosophers. In 1879 he came to America. After spending two years in Montgomery, he went to Troy, where he remained for some time engaged in the cotton business. He is at pres ent president of the Bashinsky cotton company with headquarters in Birmingham. Is a Demo crat, a Mason, and a Knight of Pythias. Author "A Sketch of Pike County, Ala." Unmarried. Address: Birmingham. \ BASS, HARTWELL, planter, was born No vember 10, 1797, on his father's plantation in Greensville County, Va., and died on his plan tation, ten miles west of Ft. Mitchell, on Old Federal Road, in Russell County, March 11, 1843; son of Sterling and Elizabeth (Dupree) Bass, sr., the former, an only son, originally from England to Greensville County, Va., prior to the American Revolution and the lat ter of South Carolina. Sterling Bass after his first wife's death, married a Miss Gregory and Mrs. Sarah Toney Oates, of Montgomery, wife of former Gov. William C. Oates, is a granddaugh ter of this union. Hartwell Bass' grandparents on the maternal side were Daniel and Elizabeth Dupree, French Huguenots who came about 1700 to South Carolina. Daniel Dupree, jr., a son, married Fannie Calhoun of the famous family of that name in that state. The parents of Hartwell Bass were well educated for that day, and it was from them that most of his education was secured. He was a planter, mill man and large slave holder. He was a Whig and a Methodist. Married: April 21, 1825, in Hancock County, Ga., to Elizabeth, daughter of Turner and Rebecca (Sledge) Mooreland, for merly of Dinwiddie County, Va., who had lately come to Georgia, and who about 1830, moved to Russell County. Children: 1. Elizabeth Du pree, born, 1828, m. Patrick Henry Perry, five children, died 1889; 2. Joseph Allen, born 1831, died 1841; 3. Demetrius Mooreland, born, 1834, died from wound received while member of Texas cavalry, C. S. Army, 1862; 4. Rebecca Ann Sledge, born 1836, died, 1843; 5. Mary Rivers, born 1839, died 1843; 6. Martha Turner, born 1841, m. first Stephen Clements Greene, one child, second Peter Alexander Greene, no children, died in 1902. Last residence: Rus sell County. BASS, HERSCHEL WINSTON, physician^ graduate of the Alabama polytechnic institute, B. S. degree, 1901. M. S„ 1902; M. D., Johns Hopkins institute, 1906, and located in St. Clair County. Later he was a graduate student at the University of Berlin and of Munich. Residence: Gadsden. BASS, JOHN B., physician, was born Janu ary 7, 1845, in Jefferson County; son of An drew Bass, who lived on a farm near Birming ham until his death in 1854; grandson of Bur- rell Bass, of English descent, who served with his father in the Revolutionary War, emigrated from North Carolina to Alabama in 1813, and settled near what is now the city of Birming ham, when Alabama was yet a territory. His maternal grandparents were of Irish lineage and came from South Carolina to Tennessee, then to Alabama. He obtained his early school ing at Ruhama; studied medicine at the Uni versity of Virginia, where he was graduated in medical jurisprudence in 1869; was granted a diploma of M. D. at Washington University, Baltimore, Md., in 1870; has practiced medicine in Ashville since 1870. At the outbreak of the War of Secession, he enlisted in the C. S. Army in Co. B. second engineer corps, and operated with Gen. Leonidas Polk, and later in the Army of the Tennessee. He has held every official position in the Saint Clair County Medical So ciety. Married : February, 1875, Annie E. Gunn, of Georgia. Children: 1. Herschel Winston, b. June 25, 1881; was graduated from Johns Hop kins University, Baltimore, Md., B. S., 1901, M. S., 1902. Residence: Ashville. BASS, J. LOREAINE, physician, was born February 4, 1864, in Marion County, S. C; son of Dr. Thomas R. and Mary R. (Carter) Bass, the former a native and life long resident of Marion County, S. C, who practiced his pro fession in this county for fifty years, a graduate of the University of South Carolina, Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia, and the Medical college of South Carolina, at Charleston, and who represented his county in the state leg islature for two terms; grandson of Joseph Bass, a native of England who emigrated to America, locating in South Carolina and there married. Dr. Bass was educated in the schools of his native county; graduated in 1883 from the University of South Carolina; attended the South Carolina medical college for one year; received the degree of M. D. from the Medical DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 111 college of Louisville, Ky., in 1887; took post graduate courses at the Louisville medical col lege and Bellevue hospital, New York City. He began the practice of his profession with his father, removing at the end of a year to Brewton where he has since remained. Mar ried; in June, 1887, to Emma Lucas, of Charles ton, S. C. Residence: Brewton. BASSETT, JOHN YOUNG, physician in America and France, was born June 12, 1805, at Baltimore, Md., and died at Huntsville, No vember 2, 1851, son of Dr. Isaac and Nancy (Davidson) Bassett, the former born March 8, 1763, in the State of Delaware, was a physi cian, served as ensign in company from Dela ware, in American Revolution; ancestor, Rich ard Bassett, was member of constitutional con vention, 1787, Federal senator from Delaware, 1789-93, governor of Delaware 1798-1801, died in 1815; mother was first cousin to Robert Fulton; her parents lived in Baltimore. John Y. Bassett was a graduate of Washington medi cal college; settled in Huntsville; in 1836 went to Paris, was attached to Clinic of Velpeau at La Charite, appointed externe, July, 1836. He was a Mason. Author: contributed to Fen- ner's Southern medical reports, vols. 1 and 2, 1849-51, articles on "Topography, Climate and Diseases of Madison County, Ala." and in "Con demnation of Doubtful Remedies." Married: April 21, 1831, at Huntsville, to Isaphoena Thompson, born in 1816, daughter of Dr. Asa and Polly (Watkins) Thompson, who lived in Elbert County, Ga., and Huntsville, the for mer died in 1832, granddaughter of James and Jane (Thompson) Watkins of Elbert County, Ga. Children: 1. Dr. Henry Willis, m. Carrie Neal, died in 1882; 2. Watkins Thompson, killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862; 3. Alice Lee, m. D. B. Young, died in 1876; 4. Laura; 5. Lenore; 6. Bettina, died in 1844; 7. John Young, died in War of Secession; 8. William Davidson, died in 1897. Last residence: Huntsville. I BATE, HENRY C, major, 1st, also called 12th Confederate cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. A Tennessean. A history of the regiment may be seen as written by him in Lindsley's mili tary annals of Tennessee. BATEMAN, R. J., Missionary Baptist minister living in Troy in 1913. BATES, CALEB, Methodist minister, was born February 25, 1862, in Barbour County; son of James and Sarah Jane (Cox) Bates, the former a native of Lumpkin, Stewart County, Ga., who served in the C. S. Army; grandson of Allen and Tillie Bates, the former an Englishman, who came to America and set tled in South Carolina, and of Caleb and Eliza Cox, the former an Irishman who settled in Georgia. He attended school for about three years at Postoak, Bullock County, but gained most of his early schooling through his own efforts. He was a student at Southern univer sity at Greensboro, 1888-1890, and was ordained to the ministry, joining the Alabama Confer ence in December, 1890. He was a pastor for some time at Sweet Water, and is now stationed at Autaugaville. He is a Mason and a Knight of Pythias. Married: December 13, 1893, at Postoak, Bullock County, to Alice Alie Casby, daughter of Henry and Sallie Casby, of Birm ingham. Children: 1. Joel Leanty; 2. Emily Louise, d. October 30, 1910; 3. Robert Lomax; 4. Alice Lorena; 5. Caleb Lamar; 6. Spain Lesay. Residence: Autaugaville. BATES, FRANCIS ASBURY, physician, was born February 14, 1819, at Springfield, Hamp den County, Mass., and died April 29, 1889, at Marion; son of Elizur and Rachel (Owen) Bates, the former lived at Springfield until his death in 1860, was employed by the Federal government as inspector of arsenals; grandson of David and Elizabeth (Burt) Bates, who came from Wales, and of Abigal and Rachel (Brooks) Owen, who lived in Vermont, the lat ter came from England. Francis A. Bates at tended schools in Springfield, and received his preparation for college at Wilbraham academy, Conn.; attended Wesleyan university, graduat ing in 1838; in 1841 received .degree of M. D. from Louisiana medical college, New Orleans; practiced during two years in Charity hospi tal there; practiced near present Massillon, Dallas County; in 1850, moved to Marion; re sided nearly forty years there; filled different positions in governments of city and county; in the War of Secession was surgeon in hos pitals at Corinth and Okolona, Miss., and Rich mond, Va. He was a Whig, then a Democrat; a Presbyterian; and a Mason. Married: May 28, 1850, near Marion, to Julia Rachel, daugh ter of Harwood and Rachel M. Jones, who lived at Marion; the former was from Virginia, son of Signal Jones, who came from England, and whose wife was Rachel Maria Crenshaw from Wales. Children: five sons and one daughter; Francis H., eldest son, m. December, 1875, Ad- die L. Phillips of Selma, lives at Bates Farm, Perry County, the other sons died in early childhood; daughter, Lula, m. April, 1890, C. D. Williams, deceased, of Bolton, Miss.; lives in Jackson, Miss. Last residence: Marion. BATES, FRANCIS HARWOOD, planter, was born November 9, 1851, in Marion; and died February 26, 1917, at San Antonio, Tex. He received his elementary education in the public schools of Marion and was graduated from the University of Mississippi in June, 1872. Soon after his graduation he moved to Jackson County, Miss., but returned to Alabama in the fall of 1895. He engaged in farming and the raising of blooded stock near Hamburg, and continued to reside in that place until shortly before his death, when failing health prompted him to journey to San Antonio, Tex., where he died. He was initiated into the Masonic order De cember 15, 1891, passed January 14, 1892, and raised February 16, 1892, in Temple Lodge, No. 425, in Marion, and was elected master of that lodge in 1900. He was exalted June 3, 1896, in Marion Chapter, No. 12, and was high priest of that chapter in 1902, 1903 and 1904. He was received and greeted as a royal and select mas ter in Tuscaloosa Council, No. 4, on August 7, 1907. He received the Order of Red Cross, 112 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY April 5, 1904, and the Orders of the Temple and Malta, April 29, 1904. He was appointed grand master of the second veil of the most excellent Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Ala bama in 1898 and 1899, grand royal arch cap tain in 1900 and 1901, was elected grand scribe in 1902 and 1903, deputy grand high priest in 1904, and grand high priest in 1905. He was a member of the Presbyterian church. Mar ried: December, 1875, Addie L. Phillips, of Dal las County. Last residence: San Antonio, Tex. BATES, JOSEPH, business man, for a num ber of years a resident of Alabama, was ma jor-general of the Sixth division of Alabama militia; served as the representative from Mobile in the legislature 1829, 1836, 1837 and 1840 and was defeated for the senate in the district composed of Mobile, Baldwin and Washington counties. Though not a lawyer by profession, he was a practiced speaker and was often the principal figure in the pohtwal discussions of the sessions. He moved to Texas and was appointed United States marshal under the administration of Mr. Fillmore1. Last residence: Texas. BATES NEWTON WHITMARSH, teacher and Congregatiopal minister, a resident of Alabama, 1886-92, was born at Cummington, Hampshire County, Mass., December 25, 1859, son of Isaac and Florintha (Whitmarsh) Bates, both of Massachusetts, of Revolution ary stock. He received his early education in the public schools at Cleveland, O.; received the degrees of A. B. 1882 and A M 1885, from Oberlin college, Oberlin, 0., and the B. JJ degree from the Theological seminary, at the same place, in 1894 He was ™" of schools, at Mt. Sterling, O., 1882-85, and principal at Madison, O., 1885-6; came to Ala bama and was principal of Case institute, Shelby iron works, near Columbiana 1886-7 , professor of languages and literature, Florence State normal college, 1887-92; pastor of Con gregational church, West Bloomfield, N. Y., 1894-1908; and pastor of the First Congrega tional church, Austinburg, O., 1908 p Author: "History and civil government of Alabama 1892; "Whitmarsh genealogy;' and Bates genealogy." Married: August 17, 1887, at Mount Vernon, O., to Gertrude, daughter o Bascom and Emaline (Norton) Cassell, of that place; and has three children. Residence. Austinburg, O. BATRE MRS. HORTENSE, president, Ala bama Colonial Dames. Residence: Mobile. BATTE JUNIUS MARCUS, minister and teacher, was born near Sardes, Panola County, Miss.; son of Richard Baugh, and Mollie Louise (Fitzgerald) Batte, of Jackson, Miss., the for mer a native of Richmond, Va., and a veteran of the C S. Army; grandson of Col. Henry and Anne (Boling) Batte who lived in Prince George County, Va., before moving to Hanover County Va., and of Benjamin and Sarah (Ward Fitzgerald of Nottaway County, Va. The Batte family originally came from York shire, England, where their ancestors built and owned the Mansell Castle, occupied by the Eng lish branch of the family at present. The Fitz- geralds are of Scotch-Irish descent and came from the north of Ireland. The two families are connected with the Epps, Meade, Eggleston, Boling, Randolph, Page and Lee families. "Light Horse Harry" Lee is an ancestor. Junius Marcus Batte was educated in private schools at Jackson, Miss., under Cornelia Whit ing and Maj. W. H. Babb; at French Camp Academy; at the University of Clarkesville ; and was graduated from the Presbyterian The ological Seminary, Louisville, Ky., 1895. He became a minister in the Presbyterian church; was a chaplain, U. S. C. V., Mississippi, and as sistant chaplain, U. S. C. V., Southern States. He became president of Marion Seminary in 1911. He has written several tracts on educa tion. He is a Democrat, a Mason, and a mem ber of the Woodmen of the World. Married: (2) December 24, 1902, Katherine Alice Shipman, daughter of Alexander Monroe and Willie Anna (Smith) Shipman, a descend ant of the Washington, Hogue, Tyler, Mickle- borough and Edwards families of Virginia, and of Capt. W. M. Smith of Virginia. She is pre siding teacher at Marion Seminary. Children, by first marriage; 1. Lee-Roy Junius, m. Bes sie Hall of Brooksville, Miss.; 2. Benjamin Leslie Howard, Brooksville, Miss.; 3. Idyllette Evlyn, Marion; 4. Mary Ruth, Marion; 5. Mar guerite Elizabeth, Marion; 6. Fleming Hobson, Marion. Residence: Marion. BATTLE, ALFRED, planter was born 1801, near Nashville, Nash County, N. C, and died January 4, 1877, near Carthage; son of Capt. William and Mary Ann (Williams) Battle, the former a native of Nansemond County, Va., and a soldier in the Revolutionary War; grandson of William and Mary (Capell) Battle who lived on a plantation in Halifax County, N. C, and of Maj. John and Frances (Bustain) Williams of Halifax County, N. C, the former a commissary officer in the Revolutionary War; great-grand son of Joseph and Martha (Drake) Williams; great-great-grandson of Richard Drake, of Isle of Wight County, Va. He was educated in the country schools of Nash County, N. C; moved to Alabama and settled at Tuscaloosa where he became owner of extensive plantations. He was influential in securing the first railroad through Tuscaloosa. He moved to his plantation in Hale County, in 1872 and resided there until his death. He was a member of the Methodist Church. Married: January 10, 1822, Millicent Bealle of Georgia, who died June 23, 1872 in Tuscal- loosa. Children: 1. William Augustus, b. 1823 in Tuscaloosa, d. 1909, at the home of his daugh ter, Mrs. Clay, in Huntsville, m. Susanna Clay Withers of Huntsville, a niece of Gov. C. Clay, had one son, Alfred, m. Jennie Bealle and had three children; 2. Willie, b. July 16, 1853, d. December 5, 1908, in Birmingham, m. Mattie Battle, a distant cousin, had one child, Kate Harrison; 3. Millicent Bealle, b. 1854, d. July 30, 1884; 4. Katie Withers, d. July 23, 1884; 5. Susanna Clay, m. June 26, 1906, William GENERAL JESSE W. GARTH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 115 Lewis Clay of Huntsville, who d. September 5, 1911, had one child, William Lewis. Last resi dence: Hale County. BATTLE, ARCHIBALD JOHN, educator and Baptist minister, was born September 10, 1826, at Powelton, Hancock County, Ga., and died September 30, 1907, at Macon, Ga.; son of Dr. Cullen and Jane Andrews (Lamon) Battle, na tives of North Carolina, who later resided in Powelton, Ga., and Eufaula and Tuskegee, one of the founders of Mercer university and widely known for his wealth and benefactions. Archi bald John Battle received a sound preparatory education and entered the University of Ala bama where he graduated in 1846. He at once accepted the position of principal of the Eu faula academy. He was tutor of ancient lan guages at the University of Alabama, 1847- 52, and held a chair in the East Alabama female college, 1852-55. He entered the Bap tist ministry in 1853 in charge of the Tuskegee Baptist church and in 1855 assumed the pas torate of the Tuscaloosa Baptist church. In 1856, he returned to educational work as pro fessor of Greek at the University of Alabama. He founded the Alabama central female col lege, Tuscaloosa, of which he was president in 1860. At the close of the War of Secession, he became president of Judson female institute, Marion, which he re-established, and held that position from 1865 to 1871. The presidency of Mercer university, Macon, Ga., was then of fered him and he served in that post from 1871 to 1889. This service was followed by his presidency of the Shorter college, Rome, Ga., and the presidency of Anniston female college, Anniston, which latter work closed his useful career. The honorary degree of D. D. was con ferred upon him by Howard college, Columbian college, Washington, D. C, and the University of Georgia, all in 1872. The following year, the Mississippi college conferred the LL. D. degree upon him. Author: "The human will;" "Lectures on memory;" "Imagination;" "Man the image of God;" "The Sun;" "The Sabbath of creation." He was a Democrat and a Mason. Married: December 7, 1846, at Tuscaloosa, to Mary, daughter of Dr. James and Mary (Wil liams) Guild of that place. Children: 1. Mary, m. T. S. Lowry; 2. Katie; 3. Virginia Andrews; 4. Cullen Guild, m. Annie M. Maitland of Penn sylvania; 5. Archibald John, jr., m. Mary Cur- rie Donnan, Richmond, Va. Last residence: Macon. BATTLE, CULLEN ANDREWS, lawyer and major-general, C. S. Army, was born June 1, 1829, in Powelton, Ga., died in 1905, in Greens boro, N. C, and is buried in Petersburg, Va.; son of Dr. Cullen and Jane A. (Lamon) Bat tle, natives of North Carolina, who removed to Irwinton, now Eufaula, in 1836. He attended the University of Alabama, 1849-50; read law in the office of Gov. John G. Shorter; was admitted to the practice in 1852, and practiced law in Tuskegee for the following ten years. He was a presidential elector in 1856, canvass ing the State for Buchanan, and in 1860 he was on the electoral ticket of Breckenridge and Lane, speaking throughout the State and visit ing Charleston, New York, Boston, and Phila delphia, in company with William L. Yancey. In 1861, he raised and organized the Tuskegee light infantry, which company became part of the 3rd Alabama infantry regiment, of which Tennant Lomax became colonel and Cullen A. Battle, lieutenant-colonel. At the battle of Seven Pines, Colonel Lomax fell and Lt.-Col. Battle took command. This regiment was un der fire at Drewry's Bluff, and at the seven days' fight around Richmond, he was prompted to the colonelcy. He received a slight wound at Boonsboro and was injured seriously at Fredericksburg by his horse falling on him. In the battle of Chancellorsville he served on the staff of General Rodes. At Gettysburg, Colonel Battle attached his regiment to General Ramseur's command, was promoted brigadier- general on the field and assigned to command of Rodes' brigade, which brigade was the first to encounter General Grant in the Wilderness. He served conspicuously at Spottsylvania and Winchester, and at the battle of Cedar Creek, he received a severe wound in the knee neces sitating his withdrawal from active duty. He was rewarded however, with a commission of major-general, the commisson bearing the date of his wound, October 19, 1864. He returned to Alabama after the war and resumed the practice of law. In 1870 he was elected to congress by his party, but the majority in con gress would not permit him to take his seat, and soon after disfranchised him. Married: in 1851, to Georgia F. Williams, of LaGrange, Ga. Children: 1. Henry W. (q. v.) ; 2. Jennie L. Last residence: Greensboro, N. C. BATTLE, HENRY WILSON, Baptist minis ter, was born July 19, 1857; son of Gen. Cullen A. and Georgia (Williams) Battle (q. v.). He was educated at Pinckard's academy and Park's high school, Tuskegee, and Mercer uni versity, Macon, Ga. He was admitted to the bar at the age of twenty by a special act of the Alabama legislature and practiced law at Eufaula for three years. In 1880 he gradu ated from the Southern Baptist theological seminary, and Wake Forest college, N C, con ferred upon him the degree of D. D. He was ordained into the Baptist ministry, in 1880; has served churches in Mississippi, North Carolina, and Virginia; since 1907, serving the High street church, Charlottesville, Va. He has delivered many special addresses, sermons, etc., and has conducted evangelistic meetings with great success at numerous places. He is chaplain-in-chief, Sons of Confederate veterans. Author: of many sermons and religious arti cles. Married: June 11, 1889, to Margaret, daughter of Rev. J. L. Stewart, of Clinton, N. C. Residence: Charlottesville, Va. BATTLE, HERBERT BEMERTON, chemist, was born May 29, 1862, at Chapel Hill, N. C; son of Kemp Plummer and Martha Ann (Bat tle) Battle, the former president of University of North Carolina 1875-1890; grandson of Judge William Horn and Lucy Martin (Plum mer) Battle, and of James Smith and Sally (Westray) Battle; great-grandson of Joel Bat tle and of Jacob and Penelope (Langley) Ed- 116 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY wards Battle, both of Edgecombe County, N. C. He was educated in the primary schools of Ral eigh, at Prof. J. M. Lovejoy's and the Raleigh high school, graduated at the University of North Carolina, B. S. 1881, and Ph. D., 1887. He was assistant chemist in the North Carolina agricultural experiment station, 1881-1887; state chemist and director of the station, 1887- 1897; chemist North Carolina State board of health, chemist North Carolina geological sur vey; professor of chemistry Leonard Medical school, 1886-1897; organized the Southern chemi cal company, Winston, N. C. 1897, and president until 1901; associated with Savannah district, Southern cotton oil company, 1902-1903, and with the Montgomery district of the same com pany, 1903-1906; president of the Battle lab oratory corporation, analytical and consulting chemists, Montgomery, since 1906. Author: numerous papers in the publications of the North Carolina agricultural experiment station ; co-author of Battle and Dancy's "Chemical con version table," 1885, and of Battle and Gas- coyne's "Chemical conversion tables," 1909, has contributed to various chemical journals; and has several papers in the proceedings of the Alabama anthropological society. He is a mem ber of the American chemical society; tellow of the American association for the advance ment of sciences; honorary member of Ameri can official agricultural chemists; charter member North Carolina society of the Sons of the Revolution, one of the original mem bers of the Alabama anthropological society and a member of the Montgomery Rotary club. He is a Democrat; and an Episcopalian. Mar ried: November 26, 1885, at Morganton, N. C., to Alice Matilda, daughter of Major James W. and Louise (Irwin) Wilson, the former presi dent of the Western North Carolina railroad and chairman North Carolina railroad commis sion. Children, 1. Nell, m John Manning Booker, of Baltimore, assistant professor of English, University of North Carolina 2. Wil son member of the American expeditionary .forces in France. Residence: Montgomery. BATTLE, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, planter. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. BATTLES, NOEL, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 80, and a resident of St. Clair County; private Virginia Continental Line and Militia; enrolled on September 29, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832; payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in St. Clair County, June 1, 1840, with William Battles; aged 100— Census of Pension ers, 1841, p. 148. BAXLEY, JAMES ANGUS, teacher, was born March 9, 1871, at Dothan, Henry, now Houston, County; son of James and Martha Jane (New ton) Baxley, who lived in what is now Houston County for more than sixty-five years, the for mer a native of White Pond, Barbour County, fought in the War of Secession; grandson of John and Harriet (Ayres) Baxley, who came from near Wilmington, N. C, and settled in Gen eva County, and of Constentine and Elizabeth (Sykes) Newton, who also came from near Wil mington, N. C, to Alabama, and settled in Henry County, the former who served as a pri vate in the Mexican War. His early schooling was obtained in and around Dothan, from John Richardson, W. S. Neal, and A. M. Scott; and he was graduated from Southern University, Greensboro, A. M., 1898. He attended Harvard University during the summer of 1900. Mr. Baxley began to teach school in 1899, in Greens boro, and has continued in that profession, now occupying the position of principal of a grade school in that city. He is a Democrat; a Meth odist, serving as steward in the church; a Knight of Pythias; and a member of Phi Delta Theta college fraternity. Married: November 6, 1900, in Greensboro, Loula Virginia Hosmer, daughter of Rev. S. M. and Frances Luvenia (Parsons) Hosmer, D. D., (q. v.), who lived in Jefferson and Tuscaloosa Counties; grand daughter of Silas and Esther Anne (Cowley) Hosmer, and of Louis and Susan (Rogers) Par sons, both grandfathers serving in the War of Secession. Her paternal grandparents came from Massachusetts. Children: 1. Frances Virginia. Residence: Greensboro. BAXTER, G. L., major, Baxter's Confederate cavalry battalion; merged into Jeffrey For rest's Alabama cavalry. BAXTER, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, age not disclosed; a resident of Dallas County; private Irwin's Regiment; date of enrollment not stated; payment to date from September 4, 1818; annual allowance, $36.80; sums received to date of publication of list, $460 transferred from N. C. March 4, 1821. Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv., Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BAYLES, OSCAR OTTIMUS, lawyer and leg islator, was born September 17, 1875, at River Ridge, Monroe County, and died at Monroe ville; son of Travis Polk and Lonella (Mel- lard) Bayles, the former a native of that county and a prosperous farmer; grandson of Jere miah and Clarisca (Wiggins) Bayles, and of James and Margaret L. (Fisher) Mellard, who lived at Gullett's Bluff, Wilcox County. The Bayles family came from Edgefield District, S. C, to Alabama about 1819. He was educated in the public schools of Monroe County, and took a business course at the Southern normal university, Huntington, Tenn., graduated in 1894; received LL. B. from the law department of the same institution in 1896. He began his practice of law March 1, 1897, at Monroeville, and his practice continued at this place. He was a member of the legislature of 1898-99; a member of the State senate in 1907 from the twenty-first district; and deputy solicitor of Monroe County 1898. He was a Democrat; a Missionary Baptist; and a Ma son. Married: February 23, 1896, at River Ridge, to Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Allen and Rebecca (Norwood) Wiggins. Children: 1. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 117 Otis Osceola; 2. Escar Leonidas; 3. Allen Travis; 4. Dovie Irene; 5. Ina Mae. Last res idence: Monroeville. BAYLIES, JAMES, commandant at the Uni versity of Alabama; first lieutenant, 10th in fantry U. S. Army, 1895-98. BAYLIS, HEZEKIAH, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 77, and a resident of Mad ison County; private Virginia Militia; enrolled on January 24, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831, annual allowance, $20.— Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv., Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BAYLOR, ROBERT EMMETT BLEDSOE, lawyer, representative in Congress, was born May 10, 1793, in Lincoln County, Ky.; and died January 6, 1874, at Gay Hill, Tex. His father, a Virginian, was an aid-de-camp to Gen. Wash ington He was a nephew of Judge Jesse Bled soe and a cousin of Hon. W. P. Chilton of Mont gomery. He studied law in Kentucky until the outbreak of the War of 1812, in which he served under Col. Boswell, and took part in the battle near Fort Meigs. Upon the restoration of peace, he resumed his studies, and was admit ted to the bar in Kentucky. He was elected to the Kentucky legislature in 1819, but resigned in 1820 when he moved to Alabama. He set tled in Tuscaloosa and opened a law office. In 1824 he was elected to the Alabama legislature, and from 1829 until 1831, he represented Tusca loosa district in the twenty-first congress, de feating Seth Barton (q. v.) of Tuscaloosa and Richard Ellis of Franklin, but was defeated in the election two years later. In 1833, he moved to Dallas and became law partner of Col. Gayle. In 1836, he commanded a regiment of Ala- bamians in quelling the disturbances on the state borders during the Creek War. He was converted in Talladega County in 1839 and was licensed to preach. Soon after, he moved to Texas, then a republic, and settled in Fayette County, where he practiced law and preached the gospel. . He took part in the struggles against the Mexicans and Indians from 1842 to 1844. He served in the Texan congress and was appointed judge of the circuit court. He was one of the judges of the supreme court of Texas from 1841 until Texas was annexed to the Union. He preached wherever he held court, often decid_- ing cases on the bench during the day and holding religious services at night. After the annexation, he was a member of the convention of 1845 which framed the first constitution . of the state. He was reappointed to the bench of the state, which position he held, in all, twenty- fiVBaylorSCounty, Tex., and Baylor University were both named in his honor. He was instru mental in drawing up and procuring the enact ment of the charter of Baylor University was donor of a large tract of land and of its first five thousand dollars. He lies buried on the campus of the old university f Independence a short distance in the rear of the first edifice erected for the Institution named for him. He served for a time as professor in the law de partment, giving a gratuitous series of lectures. He was moderator of the Union Association, president of the Baptist state convention, and president of the board of trustees of Baylor University at different times. He was promi nent in the movement to form the Baptist Edu cational Society. Last residence: Gay Hill, Tex. BAYLOR, WALKER KEITH, lawyer, was born about 1800, in Kentucky; and died in 1845. He was a descendant of revolutionary stock. His father, a Virginian, was an aide de camp to Gen. Washington. He was a brother of Hon. R. E. B. Baylor (q. v.), and a nephew of Judge Jesse Bledsoe. He was related to Dr. Bledsoe, the editor of the "Southern Review," and to Hon. W. P. Chilton of Montgomery. He was educated in Kentucky; admitted to the bar; came to Alabama in 1830, and opened a law of fice in Elyton. In 1825 he represented Jefferson County in the legislature. He served for sev eral years as judge of the county court and was re-elected to the legislature as a senator in 1838, taking his seat in the senate at the beginning of the session of 1841. He served through the session of 1842 and the following year was appointed judge of the third judicial circuit by Gov. Fitzpatrick to suc ceed Hon. Peter Martin of Tuscaloosa, to which office he was elected at the ensuing session of the legislature. He continued on the bench until the summer of 1845, when he visited his brother in Texas, and where, in examining the workmanship of a newly invented pistol, he was killed by its accidental discharge. He was a Democrat and was chairman of the educational committee in the senate. He was greatly interested in philosophy and astron omy and spent much of his time at the Univer sity Observatory where he studied the plane tary system with Prof. Barnard. Last resi dence: Elyton. BEALE, CAROLINE (PHELAN), patriotic worker, daughter of John Dennis (q. v.) ; and Mary Ann (Harris) Phelan (q. v.). She was chairman of the White House committee, Ala bama division, United daughters of the Con federacy; regent, White House association; and prominent member of the Memorial asso ciation of Montgomery. Through her efforts the bedroom furniture and some of the per sonal effects of Jefferson Davis were obtained for the Daughters of the Confederacy. Mar ried: Jesse Beale. Residence: New York. BEALL, T. S., major, Beall's battalion, Ala bama cavalry, C. S. Army. BEALLE, ALFRED BATTLE, author, was born September 5, 1879 in Pickens County; son of Alfred Battle and Rosa (Wood) Bealle, of Tuscaloosa; the former a tropical fruit grower, and a member of the board of education of Lee County, Fla.; grandson of Dr. Benjamin Brad ley and Elizabeth (Bonner) Bealle. He came when a child with his parents to Tuscaloosa; 118 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY was apprenticed to a printing office in that city when he was thirteen years old; remained at that trade for five years, and in 1898, became employed by a firm of cotton brokers with whom he is at present connected. Though he made verses at an early age, his first printed poem appeared in the "New Orleans Times- Democrat," in 1898. Since that time his poems have appeared at different intervals, the major part of his work being included in his recently published volume. Residence: Tuscaloosa. BEALLE, JOHN THOMAS, editor and State senator, was born January 29, 1859, at Cale donia, Lowndes County, Miss.; son of James Caddell and Sarah Jane (Brown) Bealle, the former was a member of Wheeler's cavalry C. S. Army; grandson of John W. and Nancy (Doughty) Bealle, and of Rev. John and Rachell (Norris) Brown, all of Northport, Ala. Senator Bealle received his education in the common schools of Tuscaloosa County, and in Prof. Wil- ilam D. Fonville's school in Tuscaloosa. He was ordained by the Northport Baptist church, July, 1891, and for twenty-three years served pastoral charges in numerous localities in the vicinity of his place of residence. He was superintend ent of education of Tuscaloosa County, 1896- 1904; edited "The West Alabama Breeze," April, 1899-1917. In 1915 he was a member of the house of representatives from Tuscaloosa County, and in 1919 a member of the State senate. He is a Democrat; and a Mason. Mar ried: (1) at Northport, December 20, 1882, to Mary, daughter of Capt. S. T. and Caroline Palmer; (2) September 20, 1899, to Ella, daugh ter of William and Ann (Farley) Pool. Chil dren: by first wife, 1. Katie Dare, m. Rev. C. J. White of Parrott, Ga.; 2. James Samuel, M. D., m. Hattie Booth, physician at Holt; 3. Jennie Clements; 4. John Rufus, lawyer at Tus caloosa; 5. Thomas Brown; 6. Mary; 7. Broadus; 8. Annie Dodson; by second wife, 9. Sarah Ella; 10. Nannie Sue; 11. William; 12. Lola Louise. Residence: Northport. BEANE, C. J., division manager of the sales department, Virginia-Carolina chemical com pany. He was president of the Montgomery chamber of commerce, 1918-19. Residence: Montgomery. BEARD, ARTHUR CAMPBELL, merchant and farmer, was born March 18, 1810, at Cum berland Gap, Knox (now Bell) County, Ky., and died at Guntersville, January 17, 1877; son of William Thomas and Mary Hamilton (Campbell) Beard, the former a native of Rockbridge County, Va., who later lived at the western end of Cumberland Gap, Tenn., at that time the greatest thoroughfare to the West, where he farmed and kept a tavern; grandson of Thomas Beard, a Revolutionary soldier of Rockbridge County, and of Arthur and Mar garet (Campbell) Campbell, who lived at Abingdon, Va., the former was the ranking offi cer of militia in southwestern Virginia in the Revolution and distinguished in civil life; great-grandson of Charles Campbell, a sur veyor, and member of Col. James Patton's party in 1748, the first white explorers to pene trate northeastern Tennessee; grand-nephew of William Campbell, commander of the Ameri can army at the battle of King's Mountain. Mr. Beard was educated in the old-field schools of the period; was a merchant and farmer; and a large slave owner. He was a member of the Secession convention, 1861, from Marshall County, Ala.; representative in the legislature, 1863-65; major of the Fourth Alabama infantry regiment, but on account of ill health resigned April 22, 1862, and served as aide in the staff of Gov. John Gill Shorter for the remainder of the conflict. Prior to the war he was a Whig, but after the close became identified with the Republican party, though he was independent and occasionally voted the entire Democratic ticket. He was a Methodist. Married: (1) September 4, 1832, to Pherriba Jane, daughter of Ezekiel and Mary (King) Moore, of Hazel Green, Madison County, the latter a cousin of William R. King, vice-president of the United States, and related to the family of Gov. Ga briel Moore (q. v.) ; (2) May 9, 1854, at Lib erty, DeKalb County, to Mrs. Letitia Ellison (Beeson) Macfarlane, widow of William Wal lace Macfarlane of DeKalb County, daughter of John and Priscilla Beeson of DeKalb County. Children: all by first wife — 1. Mary Helen, m. William D. Clack of Collierville, Tenn.; 2. Wil liam Thomas, m. Mary Word; 3. Caroline Moore, m. James W. Fennell, of Seguin, Texas; 4. Jane Elizabeth, d. in infancy; 5. Arthur Hop kins, of Memphis, Tenn.; 6. Julia Ann, m. Thomas Atkins Street, (q. v.) ; 7. Silas Parsons, m. Elizabeth May, Manchester; 8. James Pick ett of Guntersville, for many years treasurer of Marshall County. Last residence: Gunters ville. BEARD, JOSEPHUS SIMMONS, physician; graduated from the medical department of the University of New York, 1876, and entered upon the practice of his profession in 1879. Resi dence : Troy. BEARD, THOMAS JEFFERSON, Episcopal minister, was born March 8, 1835, at Lowndes boro, and died in Birmingham, June 19, 1916; son of Edward Derril and Caroline Videau (Rembert) Beard, the former a native of Co lumbia, S. C; grandson of Thomas Beard of Columbia, and of Abijah and Sarah (Gayle) Rembert, of South Carolina. The Beards mi grated from Pennsylvania to South Carolina after the Revolutionary War, and the Remberts were French Huguenots who early located in Charleston, S. C. Rev. Dr. Beard was edu cated in private schools in Wilcox and Marengo Counties, Ala.; prepared for college by tutors in the home of Col. Andrew Calhoun, near Fauns dale; entered the University of Alabama, 1852, as protege of Col. Calhoun, remained through a part of the third year, when illness required withdrawal. He engaged in teaching in Demop olis in 1854, later became a tutor in the home of Dr. Henry Reese near Demopolis, and re mained there for six years, in the meantime preparing by private study for the ministry. He was ordained deacon, June 20, 1860, in Lowndes boro by Bishop Nicholas Hammer Cobbs, and priest in May, 1864, at St. John's church, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 119 Montgomery; and had charges in Demopolis, Opelika, Eufaula, Mobile, and Helena, Ark. From 1867 to 1870 he served as general mis sionary in north Alabama with headquarters at Huntsville; was rector of the Church of the Advent, Birmingham, 1882-96; dean of the Bir mingham convocation, 1896; general missionary of the convocation, 1896, continuing active up to the date of his death. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him in 1895 by the Uni versity of the South, at Sewanee. Married: September 9, 1864 at Eufaula, Margaret Riche, daughter of Dr. John H. and Elizabeth (Page) Chandler, of Norfolk, Va., the former having been a surgeon in the U. S. navy who died be fore the War of Secession. The Page family came from Massachusetts. Children: 1. Eliza beth Page, m. Henry Nevins; 2. James Wilmer, m. Minnie Shotwell, residence New York. 3. Edward Calhoun, m. Anna Hooper; 4. Harry Newton, m. Frances Clarke, resides in New York; 5. Thomas Beverly, d. unmarried; 6. Mary, unmarried. Last residence: Bimingham. BEASLEY, CECIL ACMOND, lawyer, was born December 20, 1876, four miles west of Ken nedy, Lamar County; son of William Luther and Susan Frances (Howell) Beasley, both of whom were natives of that section of the State; grandson of Gabriel and Mary (Ap pling) Beasley, the former moved to Fayette County, from middle Tennessee in the early thirties, located in Lamar county, and his wife moved with her parents from Georgia in 1830 to Tuscaloosa County; and of Elijah and Abi gail (Shepherd) Howell, the former a Baptist minister, was born near New Lexington, Tus caloosa County, his parents having removed from South Carolina, and his wife came from South Carolina with her parents to Fayette County. His ancestors were all farmers. He was educated in the public schools of Lamar County; at the Florence normal college, from which he graduated in 1896; and graduated at the University of Alabama, LL. B., 1900. He had however, previously read law at Florence in the office of Emmet O'Neal, later governor of Alabama, and was admitted to the bar in 1900. He practiced in Florence for two years before he located in Fayette, October, 1903. He was clerk of the committee on suffrage and elections of the constitutional convention of 1901. He was private secretary to United States Senator John H. Bankhead, a position he held from 1907 until the death of Senator Bankhead, in March 1920, when he was retained by Senator B. B. Comer. He is a Democrat; a Missionary Baptist; a Mason; Odd Fellow; Knight of Pythias; and a Red Man. Married: January 18, 1910, in Fayette, to Mrs. Louise (Renfroe) Robertson, daughter of A. J. and Sarah (Freeman) Renfroe, both of Fayette. Children: 1. Cecil A., jr. Residence: Fayette. BEASLEY, STEPHEN H, grand commander, grand commandery of Alabama Masons, 1880 and 1881. BEATTY, WILLIAM HENRY, physician, was born at Richmond Hill, Rowan County, N. C, in 1824, and died in Birmingham, in 1898; son of William Gibbs and Eliza (Pearson) Beatty, of North Carolina. Dr. Beatty was edu cated at Bingham school, later attended the University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill; graduated from the New York medical college and the University of Pennsylvania. He be gan the practice of medicine in North Carolina, removed to Alabama in 1858; served as a sur geon with Gen. Chalmers, in Mississippi, was taken prisoner and paroled at Memphis. After the war he removed to Mobile, practiced in this city for ten years, and moved to Birming ham. Married: to Rebecca, daughter of Alex ander and Frances Eleanor (Shipman) Troy, the former a soldier of the American Revolu tion, and granddaughter of Michael and Rachel (Potts) Troy, the former a native of Ireland, who emigrated to America, settled in Pennsyl vania and removed to Salisbury, Rowan County, N. C. Children: 1. William Gibbs, physician, student at the University of Ala bama, 1864-65; M. D., Mobile; m. Mary Alice Cotton, of Macon, Miss.; d. Sept., 1889; 2. Fanny Troy, m. Dr. Sid Smith; 3. I. Croom, m. Marianna Dubutye; 4. Lizzie Pearson, m. P. M. Morris, of Texarkana; 5. Rachel London, member of All Saints sisterhood of Baltimore; 6. Douglas P., engineer, m. Rebecca Calhoun, of Carbonville; 7. Troy, Episcopal clergyman of Athens, Ga.. graduate of the University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., m. Freddie Mayhew, of Sewanee, Tenn.; 8. Nicholas Cobb, d. in in fancy; 9. Sarah Croom, d. in infancy; 10. Alexander Troy, d. in infancy. Last residence: Birmingham. BEAUCHAMP, GEORGE ALLAN, grand sec retary Masonic grand bodies of Alabama, was born, March 16, 1855, at Eufaula; son of An drew Hamil and Margaret Euphemia (Allan) Beauchamp, the former born near White Oak, Barbour County, lived in Eufaula, was a mem ber of Co. F, First Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, captured at Island No. 10, sent to Camp Douglas prison, exchanged, took part with his old command in the seige of Port Hudson; grandson of William and Nancy (Per kins) Beauchamp, and of Dr. George L. and Janet (Stewart) Allan, of Eufaula; and great- grandson of Littleton Beauchamp, who came, with his three sons, Green (q. v.), William and Laban Beauchamp, to Baldwin County, Ga., in 1780. The Allan family in 1840, came from Hilbeechen, Scotland, directly to Alabama. George A. Beauchamp was educated in the city schools of Eufaula; in 1871 he entered the drug business as a clerk, became proprietor in 1889, but disposing of his interest in 1912; in 1897- 99, was cashier of East Alabama national bank at Eufaula; in 1899-1900 was secretary and treasurer of the Eufaula grocery co., resigning January 9, 1901, to accept the position of grand secretary of the Masonic grand lodge of Ala bama. He is grand secretary of the Grand Royal Arch Chapter, grand recorder of the Grand Council Royal and Select Masters, and grand recorder of the Grand Commandery, Knights Templar. He is a Democrat and a member of the Presbyterian Church. He is the author of a "Masonic Manual of Alabama," which has passed through five editions, 1903 120 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY to 1913. Married: January 15, 1903, to Julia Fauntleroy, daughter of Dr. William Robert and Victoria Adelaide (Moore) Crowder, of Accomac County, Va. In Scotland, the origi nal form of the name was Crother, which be came changed in America to Crowder. Some of her ancestors, notably Col. William Ramsey, were soldiers in the American Revolution. Children: 1. George Allan, jr.; 2. Virginia Rose; 3. Margaret Stewart. Residence: Mont gomery. BEAUCHAMP, GREEN, pioneer citizen and legislator, was born in 1800, in Baldwin County, Ga., and died December 11, 1883, at White Oak, Barbour County; son of Littleton Beauchamp of English ancestry. The family located in Maryland, whence members in 1780 removed to Baldwin County, Ga. In 1818 Littleton Beau champ and three sons. Green, William and Laban, came to what is now Barbour County. Green Beauchamp served in the Indian war; was a farmer; was for two terms, 1836 and 1837, a member of the house of representatives from Barbour County; a member of the con stitutional convention of 1865 from the same county; a Democrat; and a Mason. Married: at Fort Gaines, Ga., Caroline, daughter of Richard Kennon, of that place. No children. Last residence: White Oak, Barbour County. BEAVERS, JOHN ROBERT, lawyer, was born at Easonville; son of Maj. John and Mary Elizabeth (Allen) Beavers, who lived at Eason ville, St. Clair County, the former who was a captain in the Thirtieth Alabama regiment, and was killed at Vicksburg in the battle of Baker's Creek; grandson of Henderson Beavers, and of Russell Allen. His grandmother was a direct descendant of Johnathon Meigs, of Revolution ary fame. He attended the common schools of St. Clair and Shelby Counties; was graduated from Oxford college, A. B., 1886; and from Southern university, A. M., 1888. He was prin cipal of the high school at Childersburg, 1889- 1892; was admitted to the bar in the latter year; and since that time has practiced law at Columbiana. He was a delegate from Shelby County to the constitutional convention of 1901; is a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: December 3, 1896, at Wallace, to Sarah Victoria, 'daughter of Maj. Wales W. Wallace. Resi dence : Columbiana. BECK, ANDREW, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 79, and a resident of Perry County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on Sep tember 29, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; an nual allowance, $20. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BECK, FRANKLIN KING, lawyer, was born May 21, 1814, in Duplin County, N. C, and died October 12, 1864, at Reseca, Tenn.; son of Hon. John and Margaret (King) Beck, the former a member of the North Carolina legisla ture who settled in Alabama in 1819, and sub sequently represented Wilcox in the general as sembly; grandson of Capt. William Beck a planter and an officer in the Revolutionary War. His great-grandfather came from Wales and was a colonel in the British service in colonial times. He settled in Duplin County, N. C, pre vious to the Revolutionary War, where he re sided until his death. Col. William R, King (q. v.) was a brother of Margaret King. Franklin King Beck was matriculated at the University of Alabama, among its earliest Stud ents, but finished his course in the college at Georgetown, D. C. In 1837, he attended the law course at Yale college, and having been licensed to practice in 1841, opened a law of fice in Camden. In 1843 he was elected solici tor of the second circuit over Hon. T. J. Judge of Lowndes, for a term of four years. He rep resented Wilcox County in the state legisla ture in 1851 on the union or compromise ticket and was re-elected in 1855 on the democratic ticket. During his service in that body he was chairman of the committee on federal relations. He was a member of the constitutional con vention of 1861, and voted for secession. Soon after, he was elected colonel of the Twenty-third Alabama infantry regiment. He led his regiment with Gen. Bragg into Kentucky, and took part in the battles of Fort Gibson and Bakers Creek. The day after the latter battle the regiment was left, through failure to re ceive the order to retire, at Big Black Bridge, where Col. Beck held Grant's army in check for twelve hours with his single regiment. He shared in the defense of Vicksburg, when that post was captured by the enemy in July, 1863, and just after being paroled, had his leg frac tured by the kick of a horse. As soon as he re covered, he joined the command and began the march with Gen. Hood into Tennessee. At Re- saca, while making a reconnaisance, a can non ball struck the limb of a tree, glanced downward, passed through his thigh and killed his horse. He survived this wound but a few moments. Married: Martha Jefferson, daughter of James Tait, of Wilcox; and a sister of Robert and Felix Tait (q. v.). Children: 1. John James, b. September 12, 1846, d. May 16, 1848; 2. Daughter, d. in infancy. 3. William Rufus King, b. April 5, 1849, d. Decem ber 7, 1885, m. February 8, 1883, Mary Er- win Tait, two sons, Franklin K. and W. R; 4. James Tait (q. v.), b. February 26, 1851, d. May 6, 1906, m. Charlotte Vass Tait; 5. Mary Martha, b. July 20, 1853, d. October 20, 1904, m. Edward Nathaniel Jones, May 25, 1876, five children, Katherine Ellis, Sallie, Paul Everett, Mary Beck and Edna Natalie. Last residence: Wilcox County. BECK, JAMES TAIT, lawyer, was born Feb ruary 26, 1851, in Camden, Wilcox County, and died May 6, 1906, at Selma; son of Col. Frank lin King and \Martha Jefferson (Tait) Beck (q. v.) ; grandson of Hon. John and Margaret (King) Beck, and of James Tait; great- grandson of Capt. William Beck, an officer in the Revolutionary War; grand-nephew of Col. William R. King (q. v.). He was graduated MICHAEL CODY DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 123 from the Virginia military institute at Lexing ton, July 4, 1873; read law under Col. R. H. Dawson, and under Jones & Jones; and was admitted to the bar in 1875. He opened a law office in Camden; was elected to the lower branch of the state legislature in 1880, and re elected two years later. While in the body, he was chairman of the committee on local legis lation and introduced the bill providing that a defendant might testify in his own behalf. He was chosen alternate presidential elector of the Democratic party in 1884; was elected judge of probate for Wilcox County in 1886, and was re-elected in 1892. He served as solicitor for Wilcox County, and was for three terms superintendent of education. He was a Mason and held important offices in that fraternity, being thrice illustrious grand master of the Grand Council of the State of Alabama, and later grajid high priest of the council. He was a member of the Knights of Pythias, and of the Episcopal church. In 1867, he organized the first military company in Wilcox County after the war closed for the state troops, and was commissioned its captain by Gov. George S. Houston. He was later captain of the Wil cox mounted rifles, First regiment, Alabama state troops. Married: May 24, 1898, Charlotte Vass Tait, great-grandaughter of Charles Tait, of Ala bama. Children: 1. James Tait, Jr.; 2. Helen Louise, deceased. Last residence: Selma. BECK, JOHN, lawyer. Married: Marguret, sister of William R. King. BECK, JOSEPH HUGUENIN, planter, was born at Parisburg, Beaufort District, S. C, and died in 1862, at San Antonio, Tex.; son of Rev. John and Anne (Huguenin) Beck; grandson of David Beck, and of Piere and Marie Huguen in. The Beck family came from England to Beaufort District, S. C, settling Beck's Barony, a tract of twelve thousand acres granted by the lords proprietors of South Carolina. The Hu guenin family are descended from Huguenots who were driven out of the north of France, and settled in Beaufort District, S. C. Joseph Huguenin Beck was educated in Dr. James Waddel's academy at Edgefield, S. C. He devoted himself to farming and plantation in terests. He was appointed captain of a force raised in Montgomery County, Ala., in 1838 to fight the Indians near Tallassee, and after mov ing to Texas, was again made captain of citi zens to defend Victoria, Tex., from the Indians. He was elected mayor and alderman of San An tonio, Tex., in 1859, and served until the out break of the War of Secession. He was an Episcopalian. Married: June 11, 1836, in Montgomery County, Sarah Jane, daughter of Chappell and Jane (Harris) Sledge of Montgomery County. Children: 1. Mary Louise, m. April 19, 1859, John Cook Stratford, of Montgomery; 2. Joseph Harold, d. 1867, m. in Brenham, Tex., 1862, Het- tie Shepard; 3. Josiah Edwin, d. May 23, 1912, m. in Bexar County, Tex., Lee Erwin; 4. John Chappell, m. in Bexar County, Tex., Leonora Yelvin, San Antonio, Tex.; 5. Lucien Pink- Vol. Ill— 9 ston, d. in San Antonio, Tex., 1880, m. in Pensacola, Fla., Louise Beck; 6. Eugene Huguenin, d. in San Antonio, Tex., June 5, 1881, m. 1873, Elizabeth Baley; 7. Walter Bar ton, m. in Bexar County, Tex., Jane De Ar- mand, Brownwood, Tex.; 8. William Edgar; 9. Augustus Maverick, d. March 5, 1916, in Bex ar County, Tex. Last residence: San Antonio, Tex. BECK, WILLIAM GREEN, planter, was born in 1815, in Wilkinson County, Ga.; son of John and Mary (Strong) Beck, the former a native of Barnwell District, S. O, the latter of Vir ginia, who removed from South Carolina to Georgia in 1818, later to Alabama, locating first in Montgomery County, later in Pike, and final ly in Covington; grandson of Elijah Beck, a native of South Carolina, who removed to Mont gomery in 1821, a soldier of the War of 1812, and probably in the Revolutionary War. The Strongs were of English descent. William G. Beck was reared on a farm, principally in Mont gomery County, and received only a common school education. He began farming at the age of twenty in Bullock County, later removing to Covington County, in 1844, and in 1882 elected a member of the State legislature. He has worked for a number of years at blacksmith- ing, woodworking and mill building. He is a Mason; and a Missionary Baptist. Married: (1) in 1835, to Louisa, daughter of John Smith of Bullock County, (2) to Mrs. Sarah (John son) Tane. Children: by the first marriage, 1. Oliver, soldier, C. S. Army, died in Mobile in 1863; 2. Mary Ann, m. Reuben Diamond; 3. Sarah J., m. Henry Williams, of Texas; 4. Washington, deceased; 5. Robert J., deceased; 6. William, d. young; by second wife, 7. Eliza beth, m. James M. Smith; 8. Wilson; 9. Eliza, m. W. Brooks; 10. Annanias, m. William Cobb; 11. Nancy, m. George Cooper; 12. Charles; 13. John W. Residence: near Andalusia. BECKETT, JAMES M., physician, was born probably in 1804 or 1805 in South Carolina, and died probably in Mississippi. In 1836 he re moved from Fairfield District, S. C, to Pickens County, Ala. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the house of representatives in 1840; served in 1847-48 and 1849-50 as senator from the dis trict of which Pickens was a part; elector from 4th congressional district on the Cass and Tay lor ticket in 1848; and served as a trustee of the University of Alabama, 1840-53. He removed from Alabama in 1853, and located in Missis sippi. He was a State Rights Democrat, and a Presbyterian. Name of his wife unknown. Children: 1. Newton Johnston, b. September 9, 1834, student University of Alabama, 1852-53, probate judge, Monroe County, Miss., 1859-61, captain Co. G., 41st Mississippi infantry regi ment, d. at Shelbyville, Tenn., January 14, 1863, m. Olivia Watlington, Aberdeen, Miss., August 10, 1855. Last residence: Mississippi. BECKWITH, CHARLES MINNIGERODE, bishop of the Diocese of Alabama, Protestant Episcopal church, was born June 3, 1854, at 124 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY "Woodbourne," Prince George County, Va.; son of Thomas Stanley and Agnes (Ruffin) Beckwith of Petersburg, Va., the former a native of New- berne, N. C; grandson of Dr. John and Marg aret Wright (Stanley) Beckwith, and Edmund Ruffin of Prince George County, Va. He re ceived his early schooling in Petersburg, Va., under the instruction of Gordon McCabe; was graduated from the University of Georgia, Ath ens, with the degree of A. B., 1873; and from the theological course at Berkeley div inity school, Middletown, Conn., in 1881. He was granted the honorary degree of D. D. from the University of the South, 1902, and of S. T. D. from Berkeley divinity school, 1903. Bishop Beckwith was assistant professor of mathematics at the University of the South from 1874 until 1876, when he was appointed to the position of master of grammar schools at the same university, occupying that position for three years. He was ordained to the ministry in the Protestant Episcopal church in 1880, was appointed deacon in 1881, and priest the follow ing year ; served as assistant rector of St. Lukes Cathedral, Atlanta, Ga., from 1880 until 1886 and as rector of the Christ church, Houston, Ga., for the six years following. He was ap pointed general missionary of the Diocese of Texas in 1892 and held that office until 1895 when he became rector of the Trinity church at Galveston, Tex.; remaining in that position for six years, and in 1902 he was consecrated bish op of the Diocese of Alabama. Author of "Trinity Course of Church In struction," published in 1898, of "The Teach ers' Companion to the Trinity Course," pub lished in 1901, and of "Rightly Instructed in God's Holy Word," published in 1902. Married: May 11, 1897, Mary Belle, of Galveston, Texas; daughter of John Fraser and Mary Ann (Meyers) Cameron, of Memphis, Tenn. Children: 1. Edmund, m. Susan B. Foster. Residence: Montgomery. BEDDOW, CHARLES PETER, lawyer, was born January 17, 1860, at Whiteside, Marion County, Tenn.; son of Peter and Mary (Pratt) Beddow, natives of Worcestershire, England, who came to the United States and settled at the place of his birth in 1850. His father was a coal mine operator. Mr. Beddow received his early education in the common schools of his native state; graduated from Cumberland uni versity, Lebanon, Tenn., LL. B., 1880; was ad mitted to the bar at Chattanooga, Tenn., 1881; one year later accepted the superintendency of the Aetna coal company, Whiteside; and later still the superintendency of the Soddy coal company, Rathburn, Tenn. In 1885 he was a representative in the legislature of Tennessee. He removed to Alabama in 1890, and became general manager of the Alabama Connellsville coal company, and later superintendent of the Sloss iron and steel company, and of its mines at Coalburg. In 1895 he entered actively upon the practice of the law, and became a member of the firm of Bowman, Harsh & Beddow. He was a delegate from Jefferson County to the constitutional convention of 1901, and was *¦» among the conservative members of that body. He is a Mason; a Knight of Pythias; Odd Fel low; and a Methodist. Married: November 6, 1881, at Wildwood, Ga., Elizabeth Russell (q. v.), a native of Tennessee. Children: 1. Helen; 2. Agnes; 3. Noel; 4. Roderick; 5. William; 6. Mary E. Residence: Birmingham. BEDDOW, ELIZABETH (RUSSELL), au thor, was born February 19, 1860, at Win chester, Franklin County, Tenn.; daughter of Aaron and Mary (McDonald) Russell, the fa ther born in Grayson County, Va.; granddaugh ter of Phillip and Rebecka (Russell) Russell (not related), both of Grayson County, and of Archibald and Elizabeth McDonald. Her pa ternal great-grandfather was killed at the bat tle of King's Mountain, and her great-uncle, Donald McDonald, was with Gen. Andrew Jack son at the battle of New Orleans, and was a descendant of the McDonalds, Scotch High landers. Mrs. Beddow was educated1 at Prof. Van Buren Livingston's school in Chattanooga, Tenn. She is keenly interested in literary work; and is the author of "Oracle of Moccasin Bend," short poems, including "Uncle Tom's Cabin," "The Possum Hunt," "Uncle Tom's Af finity," "New Dixey Land," and others. Mar ried: Charles Peter Beddow (q. v.). Children: 1. Helen; 2. Agnes; 3. Noel Russell; 4. Rod erick; 5. William; 6. Mary Elizabeth. Resi dence: Birmingham. BEDSOLE, TRAVIS JESSE, lawyer and State senator, was born May 27, 1885, at Talla- hatta Springs, Clarke County; son of Travis Linyer and Martha (Goodman) Bedsole; brother of Mrs. Loraine Bush (q. v.). He was educated in the public schools of Tallahatta Springs; at the Thomasville high school, and graduated A. B., 1907, and LL. B., 1909, from the University of Alabama. During 1907-08, he taught school at Geneva. On June 8, 1909, he entered upon the practice of law at Grove Hill. He served as solicitor of Clarke County from 1914 until the court was abolished; was a member State Democratic executive committee four years; and was elected a member of the State senate from the nineteenth district in 1918, and served as president. He is a Demo crat; a Baptist; a Mason; Knight of Pythias; Woodman of the World; and a member of the Kappa Sigma college fraternity. Married: June 20, 1913, to Mary Ellis, daughter of John Duncan and Leona (Ellis) Carmicheal, and granddaughter of George and Martha (Currie) Ellis, of Greensboro. Children: 1. Martha Nell; 2. Massey Preston. Residence: Grove Hill. BEECHER, L. T., secretary and treasurer, Tennessee coal, iron and railroad company. Residence: Birmingham. BEENE, JESSE, judge, was a native of Ten nessee, and died near Cahaba, March 4, 1845. He was a self educated man as his early life was spent in poverty and ignorance. He came to Dallas County about 1819 and became exten sively engaged in the practice of law; was judge of the county court, 1821; district so licitor, 1832; a member of the house of repre sentatives, 1833; and president of the senate, 1837. He was also the editor of a newspaper in Cahaba for a short time. In December, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 125 1839, he attended the democratic convention as a delegate from Dallas County and was made president of this body. He was looked upon with general favor as an aspirant to guberna torial honors, but his name was not submitted to the nominating committee on account of the violent speech made by him, on taking the chair at the convention, against the Whig party. Married: to Catherine, daughter of Col. William and Catherine (Dalton) Bird, the former an officer in the Continental Army, a native of Pennsylvania who removed to Alex andria, Va., and finally settled at the Shoals Ogeechee, Warren County, Ga., where he built the first iron works in Georgia; sister of Wil liam E. Bird (q. v.); aunt of William Lowndes Yancey (q. v.) ; and granddaughter of Col. William and Bridgett (Huling) Bird, the former of English birth who emigrated to America, settled and founded the town of Birdsboro, Penn., and built one of the earliest, if not the first, iron works. Children: 1. William Anderson, lawyer, student at the University of Alabama, 1841-44; sergeant C. S. Army; killed in the battle of Cold Harbor, Va., June, 1862; m. Miss Cone, of Cahaba; 2. Benjamin Yancey, lawyer; student at the Uni versity of Alabama, 1845; graduate of the University of N. C, A. B., 1849; d. 1856; 3. Jesse, d. 1858; 4. Catherine, d. young. Last residence: Cahaba. BEERS, OLIVER STURGES, foreign corre spondent, grand lodge, Masons, was born Jan uary 27, 1819, in Augusta, Ga., and died on November 10, 1882, in Columbus, Miss., where he had gone on business. He was initiated into the Mobile lodge, February 1, passed February 23, and raised March 11, 1848. He served as foreign correspondent, grand lodge, 1875-1881. Last residence: Mobile. BEESON, EDWARD, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of St. Clair County, captain and lieutenant, N. C. State Troops, enrolled on September 29, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $180; sums received to date of publication of list, $540.— Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BEESON, WILLIAM BAKER, farmer, was born October 2, 1829, in Jackson County; son of Alford and Fannie (Baker) Beeson, who lived at Scottsboro, the former of whom fought with Gen. Andrew Jackson in the War of 1812, in his campaign against the Indians in Alabama and in the battle of New Orleans against Gen. Packingham, and after the war settled in Blount County. His ancestors came from Eng land to North Carolina before the Revolutionary War. His early schooling was restricted by the death of his parents, but later in life much of his time was devoted to study. He became a farmer and stock raiser. He entered the U b. Army in December, 1861, as a first lieutenant, was promoted to captain of the Forty-ninth Ala bama regiment, and served until the end of the war. He fought at Shiloh, at Port Hudson, and was wounded in the left arm, captured, and sent to Johnson's Island. After his exchange, he took part in all the fighting around Atlanta, was at the battles of Kinston and Bentonville, and surrendered at Greensboro, N. C. After the war, he resumed farming and con tinued to raise blooded stock. He was at one time a member of the state legislature from Etowah County, and was the candidate of the alliance party for congress in 1892. He was a Master Mason, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. Married: December 2, 1857, Mary Frances, daughter of David and Elizabeth (Cook) Sibert, early settlers of the state. Children: 1. David Marcus, b. Sep tember 25, 1858, was mayor of Gadsden in 1882, d. July 18, 1882; 2. Julia E., m. S. A. Conger; 3. Naomi J., m. Dr. H. P. McWhorter; 4. John Wesley, b. March 31, 1866, received the degree of A. B., 1881, of A. M., 1888, from the Uni versity of Alabama, president of Arcadia college, Louisiana, 1886-1891, of Marengo fe male institute, 1891-1896, of East Mississippi female college, 1896, m. (1) at West Point, Miss., August 31, 1887, Annie Foster Pauline, (2) at McKinley, June 8, 1893, Rosa Laura Foster; 5. Jasper Luther, b. August 30, 1867 at Keener, was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1889, A. M., 1890, and from Johns Hop kins university, Ph. D. in chemistry, 1893, be came instructor in physics at the University of Alabama and chemist of the Alabama geological survey, 1889-1890, research chemist at the Louis iana experiment station and professor of chem istry in the Louisiana school of sugar, 1893- 1897, professor elect of chemistry at the Kan sas agricultural college, 1897, professor of chemistry and physics at the Georgia normal and industrial college, 1897, also chairman of the faculty, member of American Chemical Society, fellow of Association for the Advance ment of Science, Democrat — a Presbyterian, author of "Doctor Dissertation," Johns Hopkins, 1893, "Notes on the Estimation of Fiber in Sugar Canes," "A Study of the Constituents of the Nodes and Internodes of the Sugar Cane," which publications were reviewed by the prin cipal chemical journals of Europe, "Effects of Fertilizers upon Sugar Cane," "Pedigreeing Sugar Cane," "Occurrence of Amines in Sugar Cane," "A Study of the Clarification of Cane Juice," "The Physical Effects of Fertilizers upon Soils as Modifying the Soil's Power to Maintain a Supply of Moisture," "Effects of a Crop of Peas upon the Nitric Nitrogen of the Soil," a sketch of research work in chemistry is given in the two editions of "American Men of Science," edited by J. McKeen Cottell, in ventor of chemical apparatus, some of which is used both in America and Europe, m. Sep tember 13, 1894, at Powder Springs, Ga., Leola, graduate of Shorter college, daughter of James Wilson and Katherine (Riley) Sel- man, of Powder Springs, whose father was lieu tenant in Co. A, Thirtieth Georgia regiment, C. S. Army, great-grandfather, James Selman was scalped while a Revolutionary soldier; great-great-grandfather Jeremiah Selman, served in Roebuck's regiment in the Revolu tion; great-great-great-grandfathers, Thomas Camp and Benjamin Camp, fought in Capt. Walsh's company, Second Virginia regiment in 126 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY the Revolution; maternal great-great-great grandfather, Capt. William Scott, served in the Third Georgia battery, Revolutionary Army; one child, Catherine Selman, residence Mil- ledgeville; 6. Fannie O, teacher; 7. Martha A., attended Marengo female college; 8. William James, was graduated, B. S., 1896, and M. S., 1897, from Alabama agricultural and mechanical college, was principal of the Ninth District agricultural school at Blounts ville, 1897-1899, occupied the chair of history and economics in the State normal school at Jacksonville, 1899-1905, was appointed head of the department of English and history at the Meridian male college, Meridian, Miss.; 9. Elenor C, attended Marengo female college; 10. Malcolm Alfred, B. S., 1900, Alabama poly technic institute, attended Johns Hopkins Uni versity, occupied the chair of science in Meri dian female college, 1900-1901, was president of the Meridian male college, 1903, Meridian, Miss.; 11. Mary Summers, deceased. Last resi dence; Big Wills Valley, north of Gadsden. BEGGS, HAMILTON T., manufacturer, was born in 1830, in Liverpool, England, and is of Scotch-Irish descent. He learned the iron business in his native country, serving an ap prenticeship in a foundry for four years. At eighteen he came to America, working as a journeyman in several different states, locat ing in Virginia in 1855. Four years later he removed to Knoxville, Tenn., where he worked in a foundry, and cast the first gun and first bomb shell made in Tennessee for the Confed erate government. He came to Alabama in 1862, and was employed in the Shelby iron works, where he made munitions for the Con federacy until the end of the war. He removed to Birmingham in 1872 and purchased a lot on Fifth avenue and Sixteenth street, where he erected the first foundry and machine shop built in that city. Later he established a stove factory. He was a Mason and an Episcopalian. Married: in 1855, to Susan R. Dunnavent, a native of Virginia. Children: 1. George W.; 2. Hamilton T., jr.; 3. John P.; 4. Josiah; 5. Elizabeth R.; 6. Virginia L.; 7. Mary M.; 8. Ida. Last residence: Birmingham BELL, ALEXANDER RATCDIFF, merchant, was born September 7, 1816, at Falmouth, Staf ford County, Va., and died in Montgomery, February 3, 1885. He came from Virginia to Alabama about 1839, and established himself as a merchant, forming a partnership with his brother, William B. Bell (q. v.). He built a home on the corner of Alabama and Decatur streets, where he lived and died. He was a Democrat and an Episcopalian. Married: June 15, 1848, at "Society Hill," to Rebecca Mitchell, daughter of Thacker Brock and Sarah Griffin (Thweatt) Howard, of Russell County, niece of Mrs. William B. Bell, and great-grand daughter of Gen. Micajah Williamson, Revo lutionary soldier of North Carolina. Children: 1. Sarah Elizabeth; 2. Annie Ratcliff; 3. Re becca Warren, m. Thomas Jefferson Rutledge, their children: (1) Paul Howard; (2) Alex ander; (3) Rebecca Shepherd; 4. Thacker How ard, m. Emma Inman, daughter of Shadrick Inman of Atlanta, their children: (1) Shadrack Inman; (2) Sarah Elizabeth; (3) Thacker Howard, jr.; (4) John Inman; (5) Hugh In man; 5. Alexander Ratcliff, jr. Last residence: Montgomery. BELL, BETTIE, patriotic woman, was born in 1843, in Montgomery, and died at the same place, November 14, 1917; daughter of Wil liam Browne Bell and Mary Jarrett (Thweatt) Bell (q. v.). Although a school girl during the war she was one of the most enthusiastic workers of the Memorial association. She was the third secretary of the Montgomery memo rial association. Last residence: Montgomery. BELL, HOLLAND M., probate judge, was born June 25, 1839, in Tuscaloosa County; son of Anthony F. and Elizabeth (Middleton) Bell, the former a native of South Carolina who emigrated to Fayette County, in 1816, was among the earliest pioneers, a tanner by trade, elected to office of county commissioner a num ber of times prior to the War of Secession, and was county treasurer 1874; grandson of John and Amelia (Heard) Bell, of Pennsyl vania and South Carolina, respectively, and of Zachariah Middleton, an early settler of Ala bama. Judge Bell was educated in public and private schools until his twenty-first year when he entered the LaGrange military academy, Franklin County, where he remained fifteen months. He then enlisted, April 14, 1862, in Co. H, 41st Alabama infantry regiment, as a private, was promoted to sergeant-major, later to first lieutenant, and promoted captain, 1864, and served until captured, March 29, 1865, at Hatcher's Run. He was taken to Washington City and later to Johnson's Island, and was paroled following two months' imprisonment. He was elected circuit clerk of Fayette County, in 1874; probate judge in 1880, an office be held for a number of years. He was a Democrat and a Baptist. Married: in 1866, Margarette, daughter of Robert P. Miles, of Georgia. Chil dren: 1. John M., deceased; 2. Edna, deceased; 3. Ethel, deceased; 4. Ernest S.; 5. Claude; 6. Lucy. Residence- Fayette. BELL, J. T., farmer, was born June 10, 1841, in Barbour County; son of John and Laney (Hurst) Bell, who were married in 1828 in South Carolina, and moved to Baldwin County, Ala., in 1832, on a plantation four miles south west of the town of Clayton, the former was a native of South Carolina, born in 1806, was a farmer and a soldier in the Indian War of 1836, and died in 1890, his wife preceding him by fif teen years. The Bell family came from England and settled in South Carolina at an early per iod. Mr. Bell received a practical English edu cation in the schools of the county. He enlisted in the C. S. Army early in the spring of 1861, in the Barbour Grays, later part of the . Fifth Alabama infantry regiment, and served through the entire war, from the first battle of Bull Run, to the final surrender at Appomattox. He saw service in the campaigns of Virginia, and took part in all of the bloody battles of the war including Seven Pines, Seven day's fight near Richmond, South Mountain, Sharpsburg, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 127 Wilderness, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Win chester, Strasburg, and from May 4, until June 9, 1864, was in nine battles other than those enumerated. He was wounded in the hand about half an hour before Stonewall Jackson met his death, and was taken to the same hos pital in which the general died; was wounded in both legs at the battle of Strasburg; and barely escaped capture at the Wilderness, when he and a single comrade were the only ones who broke through the ranks of the surround ing enemy. After peace was established, Mr. Bell returned home and engaged in farming on his plantation in Barbour County. Married: March 7, 1861, Sallie, daughter of Jimsey and Rachel Cox. Children: 1. John; 2. Mack; 3. William A.; 4. Sarah, m. W. 0. Stallings; 5. Edward; 6. Kervin; 7. Thomas; 8. George; 9. Mary; 10. Benjamin. Residence: Barbour County. BELL, JOHN, pioneer settler, was an immi grant from Ireland, who located at "The Ponds," Conecuh County, about 1819. The name of this enterprising little village was changed to Belleville in his honor. He was of a quiet, unobtrusive, energetic disposition. Last resi dence: Belleville. BELL, JOHN ROGERS, teacher, merchant, and legislator, was born May 3, 1871, at Gordo, Pickens County; son of William Robert and Senith Etta (Kirk) Bell, of Lancester, S. C, the former was a Confederate soldier; grand son of Robert and Martha (Brown) Bell of Ireland, and of Robert and Anna (White) Kirk, of Lancaster, S. C. He was educated in the common schools; at the State normal college, Florence; and graduated B. S., 1902 from the University of Alabama. He has been a teach er, but is now a merchant. He represented Pickens County in the legislature of 1911. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; and a Kn.ight of Pythias. Married: June 10, 1910, to Frances Marion, daughter of James Alexander and Annie (Shirley) Thornton of Eutaw. Resi dence: Gordo. BELL, JOSEPH BENNETT, business man, was born in Greenville, November 18, 1859; son of Jonathan Ezekiel and Georgia Anna (Bennett) Bell; grandson of Edward and Eliza H. (Veasy) Bell, the former born in Sumter District, S. C, removed to Montgom ery County, Ala., in 1820, and later to Butler County, and of Sylvester and Louise (Clark) Bennett; and great-grandson of John Bell, of Virginia, a soldier of the Revolution, who after the war was granted a tract of land in Sumter District, on which he lived and reared a large family. Mr. Bell was educated in the common schools at Greenville, and after leaving school clerked in a hardware store at Montgomery. In 1890 he removed to Prattville and became inter ested in, and connected with the Daniel Pratt gin company, now the Continental gin company. He is a stockholder and a director in this com pany, and has financial interests in several other institutions at Prattville, among them the Autauga banking and trust company, and the Prattville mercantile company. He has served as a member of the Prattville city coun cil and was a member of the legislature from Autauga County, 1911-15. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a Mason; a Knight of Pythias, and a member of the Odd Fellows. Married: at Prattville, November 20, 1889, to Mary Vaughn, daughter of Merrill Edward and Julia Adelaide (Smith) Pratt (q. v.) of Prattville. Children: 1 and 2. Marie and Julia, twins; 3. Adelaide; 4. Daniel Snow; 5. Jonathan Ed ward; 6. Henry Pratt; 7. Myra Ellen. Resi dence: Prattville. BELL, MARY JARRETT (THWEATT) patriotic worker, was born November 30, 1831, in Sparta, Ga., and died in Montgomery; daughter of Peterson and Elizabeth (William son) Thweatt; granddaughter of Micajah Wil liamson, a colonel in the Revolutionary War. Mrs. Bell removed to Claiborne, Ala., at the age of four after the death of her mother and made her home with her aunt, Mrs. Charles Tait. After her marriage she removed to Montgom ery. She was one of the most untiring work ers for the Memorial association and opened her home as a hospital for Confederate sol diers during the War of Secession. Married: William Brown Bell (q. v.), of Falmouth, Va., later of Montgomery. Children: 1. Sarah; 2. Bettie; 3. William Peterson, m. Phedora Lois Harris, Madison, Ga. 4. Margaret. 5. Maggie Rebecca; both deceased; 6. Samuel Marks, died in childhood. Last residence: Montgomery. BELL, ROBERT LEE, Presbyterian min ister, was born July 6, 1870, at Due West, Abbe ville County, S. C. ; son of Francis Marion and Jane E. (Hawkins) Bell, of that place, the former an architect and builder, and a Con federate soldier who served in the Ninth South Carolina regiment, Kershaw's brigade. Mr. Bell attended primary department of the Due West female college, then preparatory depart ment of Erskine college at Due West, from which he graduated, A. B. 1889; taught for two years as principal at Montgomery; and then took his divinity course at Erskine theological seminary. He was ordained to the ministry in 1895, and served pastorates at Hopewell, Ga., McDonough, Ga., Union Springs, and Handley Memorial Presbyterian church, Birmingham. He is a Democrat; a Mason and a member of the Odd Fellows. He has been a frequent con tributor to magazines. Married: October 12, 1898, at Louisville, Ga., Effie Louise, daugh ter of James and Eliza (Alexander) Dawson, and a descendant of Lieut. Hugh Alexander o( the Revolutionary Army. Children: 1. Edgar Woods; 2. Mary Lee. Residence: Birmingham. ¦BELL, ROBERT NEELY LEE, lawyer, U. S. district attorney, was born November 17, 1862, at Gaylesville; son of Thomas Montgomery and Hannah Ann (Henderson) Bell of Gaylesville, the former a farmer and a colonel of State militia; grandson of Samuel and Sallie (Parks) Bell, of Asheville, N. C, the former who came from the north of Ireland, and was married in Asheville, the latter a native of that place, of English ancestry, and of David and Althea 128 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Henderson, of Greenville, S. C. He was grad uated from the State university at Tuscaloosa, June 11, 1884, with the degree of LL. B.; was admitted to the bar in that year, and entered into a law partnership with Hon. Solomon Palmer in Guntersville; was elected may or of Guntersville in 1886, and re-elected the following year. He was editor of the Gunters ville "Democrat" from November, 1885, to March, 1886, when he withdrew from the news paper business to resume his law practice. He formed a partnership with C. F. Hamil and John A. Lusk, in 1886, under the firm name of Hamil, Lusk & Bell. Mr. Hamil withdrew from the firm soon after, leaving the others to con tinue as Lusk & Bell. Mr. Bell remained in this association until he moved to Birmingham. He opened his practice in that city and was ap pointed United States district attorney for the northern district of Alabama under President Wilson. He died while holding that office. He was a Democrat, an Episcopalian, a Mason, an Elk, and a Knight of Pythias. Married: May 4, 1887, Lillie Bell, of Guntersville, daugh ter of Solomon and Virginia (Law) Palmer, the former a major in the Nineteenth Alabama regiment, Co. K, C. S. Army, who founded a women's college and was three times elected state superintendent of education. Children: 1. a boy, d. in infancy; 2. Virginia Ann, m. William Arthur Jenkins, lawyer; 3. Mary Lee; 4. Robert Neely, jr.; 5. Palmer Henderson; 6. Lillie Maud. Last residence: Birmingham. BELL, WILLIAM BROWNE, merchant, was born January 17, 1811, in Falmouth, Stafford County, Va., and died in Montgomery, Janu ary 1, 1879. He was educated in the schools of his community and chose merchandising as his life work; removed to Montgomery from Richmond Va., 1834, and formed a partnership with his brother, Alexander Ratcliff Bell, (q. v.) founding the great dry-goods firm of W. B. and A. R. Bell, whose store was on the north side . of Dexter Avenue, near where the Mont gomery Fair is located. The firm were factors for the great planters down the Alabama River, handling cotton and slaves for them and shipping them goods. This firm held its place from 1842 to 1875, when they sold their business to Francis and co., of New York. He was a Presbyterian; a Democrat and Secession ist and gave largely of his means to the Con federate cause. Married: January 17, 1839, in Claiborne, at the home of her uncle, Judge Charles Tait (q. v.), to Mary Jarrett, daughter of Peterson and Elizabeth (William son) Thweatt, and granddaughter of Gen. Mica- jah Williamson, Revolutionary soldier of North Carolina. She presented a stand of colors to Gen. Moore's brigade of Alabama troops, previous to their departure to the Creek war. She was a charter member of the Ladies memorial association and of the Sol diers home, the first Confederate hospital es tablished in the War of Secession; actively en gaged in nursing, using her own servants and provisions. Among those nursed by her and ministered to until death, was Col. Morehead of Kentucky, son of the governor of the State, whom she buried on a part of her own plot in Oakwood cemetery. Children: 1. Sarah Tait; 2. Elizabeth Howard, d. unmarried; 3. William Peterson, m. Phedora Harris, of Atlanta, Ga., their children, (1.) Gustave, d. unmarried, sol dier of Spanish-American war; (2.) Maggie, m. John Randolph; three children, (1.) Phedora, m. P. Nicrosi, (2.) Julia; (3.) John, jr.; (3.) Mary Petrie, m. William B. Kelly, three chil dren, (1.) Mary Petrie, (2.) William, (3.) Sarah Bell; 4. Margaret Campbell, d. unmar ried; 5. Maggie Rebecca, d. unmarried; 6. Samuel Marks, d. unmarried. Last residence: Montgomery. BELLAMY, ELIZABETH WHITFIELD, author and teacher, was born in Gadsden County, Fla., April 17, 1837, and died April 13, 1900, in Mobile; daughter of William Whit field and Julia (Stephens) Croom, natives of North Carolina, who removed to Florida prior to the War of Secession; granddaughter of Gen. William and Elizabeth (Whitfield) Croom of Lenoir County, N. C, and of Cicero Stephens. She was educated at Pelham pri ory, Philadelphia, and Springer institute, New York, and was an accomplished musician and linguist. Upon the death of her husband and children she began teaching in Mobile, 1863, and continued to be a monument to that pro fession until her death. However, it is as an author that she will have a more enduring name, writing under the pseudonym, "Kamba Thorpe," she gave to the world her first nov els, "Four Oaks," 1867, and "The Little Joanna," 1876, besides numerous short stories. In 1888, under her own name she published "Old Man Gilbert," and "Benny Lancaster" in 1890. She was a frequent contributor to the Atlantic Monthly, Appleton's Magazine, The Cycle, Youth's Companion, and many other periodicals. Married: in 1858, Dr. Charles E. Bellamy, her cousin, a native of North Caro lina, who had located in Florida. He was a Confederate surgeon, and died In the service in 1863. Children: 1. Bryan, d. at the age of four; 2. daughter who d. in infancy. Last residence: Mobile. BELLAMY, RICHARD HENRY, lawyer and Confederate soldier, was born August 18, 1829, near Enfield, Halifax County, N. C, and died August 28, 1907, at Fort Mitchell, Russell County; son of William and Evelina Belmont (Benton) Bellamy of Nash County, N. C, and Russell County, the former born June 9, 1802, in Nash County, N. C; grandson of James and Elizabeth (Crowell) Benton, who lived near En field, N. C. Richard H. Bellamy attended the public schools of Russell County, and Prof. John M. White's academy at Uchee; graduated, 1849, at University of Georgia, Athens; ob tained professional education at Columbus, Ga., and Crawford, Russell County; began, 1851, practice of law in Crawford; after the War of Secession went to Carthage, Panola County, Tex.; engaged in merchandising; between 1870 and 1880, member of legislature of Texas, in 1885, returned to Fort Mitchell and engaged in farming. He was captain Co. B., Waddell's battalion artillery, Army of Tennessee, and was wounded in seige of Vicksburg. He was HON. EMMET O'NEAL DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 131 a Democrat, and a Mason. Married: January 8, 1885, at Fort Mitchell, to Martha Elizabeth (Benton) Cantey, daughter of Samuel Crowell and Mary (Hunter) Benton, who lived near En field, N. C. No children. Last residence' Fort Mitchell. BELLENGER, WILLIAM CLINTON, mer chant, was born April 15, 1850, in Fulton Coun ty, Ga.; son of John Nelson Bellenger and wife who was Mrs. Sarah Ann (Collier) Patey, the former a native of South Carolina who became one of the pioneer settlers of Georgia, was a prominent attorney, served several terms as judge of the superior court, and also as a mem ber of the house of representatives. William C. Bellenger was educated in the schools of De catur, Ga. He followed railroading for about six years and in March, 1874, located in Gadsden where he established a supply store. He is also interested in agriculture. Married: Oc tober 12, 1882, to Sallie S., daughter of Dr. John P. Ralls (q. v.). Children: 1. Mary; 2. Harry. Residence: Gadsden. BELLINGER, CARNOT, physician, teacher, and planter, was born March 5, 1806, at Beau fort, Beaufort County, S. C, and died July, 1876, in Montgomery; son of William and Har riott S. (Fields) Bellinger, the former a na tive of Lemon Island, Beaufort District, S. C, who lived on his plantation on the Ashley River, joined the Revolutionary Army at the age of nineteen and was a member of the South Carolina legislature; grandson of Ed mund and Mary Lucia (Bull) Bellinger, who lived on their plantation on the Ashley River, and of John Cato and Elizabeth (Perry) Fields of Walterboro, Calston District, S. C. The Bel linger family of South Carolina is descended from the Bellinghams of Bellingham, England, in the days of William the Conqueror. They have kept their identity distinct since 1475, when Walter Bellinger was created king of Ireland at Armes and granted the following coat of arms: "Argent, a Saltire engrailed sable, entre 4 roses, Gules." crest, a stag's head; motto: "Amicus, amico, hostis, hostis." Dr. Bellinger was a direct descendant of Capt. Sir Edmund Bellinger of Westmoreland County, England, who arrived in the colony of South Carolina and settled upon James Island in 1674. He was in the royal navy and commanded the ship Blake on August 16, 1697, was appointed surveyor general for the two Carolinas, April 1, 1698, and created landgrave, May 7, 1698. Carnot Bellinger received his early education at home under the tutelage of Count Sobiesky, who had been exiled from Poland and was the guest in the home of his father, William Bel linger. He was sent at an early age to South Carolina college, headed at the time by Sir Ashly and Prestly Caper. He studied medicine at the Philadelphia medical college and received the degree of M. D. about 1830, returned to his home state and practiced his profession for a while in Charleston and later settled on his plantation in Montgomery County, where he practiced. His wife, Sarah Bozier Hails Bel linger, founded the first soldier's home during the War of Secession, and the medical services of her husband were freely given to the wounded and sick patriots. After the close of hostilities, before a public school system was organized and while the people were too ex hausted in resources to resume a system of private schools, Dr. Bellinger opened a free school for boys and gave of his learning to the youth of the land. He was offered the chair of Latin and Greek at the University of Ala bama, but declined it. So kind had he been to his slaves that they remained upon his plan tation after they were emancipated. Married: February 1, 1832, at "Hails House," Columbia, S. C, to Sarah Bozier, daughter of Capt. Rob ert and Sally (Bozier) Hails, of Columbia, who lived part of the year on their Santee planta tion, the former a captain under Light Horse Harry Lee during the Revolutionary War, the latter a descendant of Jean Boschiere, a Huguenot who, after the massacre of St. Bar tholomew, fled, with his brother Pierre, to America, secreted in the hold of the vessel. A price was placed upon their heads, "dead or alive," but after a tedious voyage they landed off the coast of South Carolina where they pros trated themselves, kissed the ground and ex claimed: "We are free!" Children: 1. Sallie Harriott, m. Maj. Augustus Massillon Allen of Columbus, Ga., and Montgomery; 2. Mary Au gusta, m. Edward Rowell Holt of Montgomery; 3. Charles Edward, d. at college at the age of sixteen; 4. Robert Hails, m. Sallie Janney, Montgomery; 5. William; 6. Mary, m. Capt. Bushrod Washington Bell; 7. Georgette, m. Brown W. Janney; 8. Ellen C, m. Richard Patton Dexter. Last residence. Montgomery. BELLINGER, SARAH BOZIER (HAILS) patriotic worker, was born June 10, 1808, in Columbia, S. C, and died in Montgomery; daughter of Robert and Sarah (Bozier) Hails, the former a captain in the Revolutionary War under Light Horse Harry Lee. She was the first president of the Hospital association of Montgomery. Married: Dr. Carnot Bellinger (q. v.). Last residence: Montgomery. BELSER, JAMES E., lawyer, representative in congress, was born December 22, 1805, in Charleston, S. C; and died January 16, 1859, at Montgomery; son of William Belser of Charleston. His mother was a Miss Yvervant of South Carolina. The Belsers are descendants of a titled German family, and the South Caro lina branch came to America In colonial times. When he was fifteen years old, James E. Bel- ser's parents moved to Sumter District, S. C, where he was educated by the Rev. Jacob Mc- Whorter. He moved to Montgomery, Ala., in 1825, read law in the office of Henry Goldthwaite and Benjamin Fitzpatrick and began to practice. He represented Montgomery County in the state legislature in 1828, and soon after became clerk in the county court. For several years he was one of the editors of the "Planter's Ga zette," but later returned to the practice of law. In 1838 he was appointed solicitor, and was later elected to the position, from which he re signed after a few years. In 1842, Gov. Fitz patrick appointed him commissioner of the state to visit Washington City, and procure a settle ment of the claims of Alabama on the general government for moneys advanced in the In- 132 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY dian war of 1836. He succeeded in obtaining such legislation by Congress as led to the re imbursement of the state for its expenditures. He was nominated by the Democratic party of Montgomery district for congress in 1843, and was elected over Hon. John W. A. Petit of Barbour, the Whig nominee. He served out his term, and declined re-election. While he was in congress, he supported strongly the annexa tion of Texas to the Union, the termination of the joint occupation of Oregon by United States and Great Britain, and the admission of Iowa and Florida into the Union as states. In 1853 he was elected to the state legislature to represent Montgomery County in the house, and was re-elected in 1857. He was an advocate of a system of internal improvement which in cluded the present concentration of railroads in Montgomery, and the connection of North and South Alabama. He was an adherent of the Democratic party until 1848, from which time he became allied politically with the Whig and Know-Nothing parties. Married: (1) in 1825, Jane Falconer, a relative of Col. J. R. Dillard, who died a few months after her marriage; (2) Adeline Jane Stokes, of Washington Court House, Ga. Chil dren: 1. Martha Artemesia, m. James M. Dil- Iehay, had two daughters, Mrs. A. M. Spong of Charlotte, N. C, and Mrs. E. C. Maye of New ton; 2. Edwin James, was graduated from the University of Georgia, 1851, m. (1) Harriet Bel ser of Columbia, S. C, his cousin; (2) Josephine Abercrombie, of Columbus, Ga. Last residence : Montgomery. BEMAN, SAMUEL S., lawyer, was the son of Rev. Nathan S. S. Beman, a scholar and educa tor of Georgia, who married Mrs. Yancey, the widowed mother of the late Hon. William Lowndes Yancey. He was thrown by a colt on a heap of rocks when he was twelve years old and his spine was injured by the fall. He grew no more in height but was otherwise well ma tured. He received his early education from his mother, then went to western New York, where his father had returned in 1824, and com pleted his education. In 1843 he came to Wet umpka and began to practice law with his half- brother, Hon. William L. Yancey. He became interested in politics and canvas sed with brilliant effect in 1844. Two years later he was the candidate of his party for Congress but was defeated by Hon. J. LaF. Cot- trell of Lowndes, by twenty-nine votes. He can vassed the state in 1848, for Taylor. He moved to New York in 1849 and was a member of the New York legislature in 1853, but his speech in favor of the fugitive slave law during the session was his political death-knell. After serving his term, he retired temporarily from politics and became a temperance lecturer in Ohio. In 1856 he moved to Minnesota, and in 1859, was a member of the first legislature of Minnesota. He was again elected in 1871, to the senate from Winona County. Married. Children: 1. Nathan S., Seattle, Wash.; 2. Kath erine, m. D. D. Olds, Wenatchee, Wash. BENAGH, GEORGE WILLIAM, lawyer and teacher, was born August 24, 1824, at Lynch burg, Campbell County, Va., and died July 22, 1863, at Tuscaloosa; son of Maj. James and Elizabeth Mitchell (Richardson) Benagh, the former a native of County Down, Ireland, who emigrated to America with his parents at the age of seven and located in Virginia; was a major in the war of 1812, lawyer and clerk of the court at Lynchburg for 30 years; grandson of Samuel and Elizabeth (Robertson) Benagh, the former a native of Ireland who located in Virginia, 1790, and of William Miller and Sal lie (Mitchell) Richardson of Gouchland County, Va. Other family lines of descent were, the Woodsons, and Lees of Virginia. James Benagh, a brother of Prof. Benagh, re sided at Athens, where he was a planter and lawyer. George William Benagh was educated at a private school in Lynchburg, Va., and graduated in 1843 with the degree of A. M. from Randolph-Macon college. He read law under Judge Leigh, of Lynchburg, and prac ticed successfully until 1850, at which date he was elected professor of mathematics at the University of Alabama, a position he held with distinction until the time of his death. He left several finished, unpublished mathematical works on calculus and mechanics which were destroyed when the family home burned in 1873. He was the author of the almanac cal culated for use in the South during the war when the blockade of the enemy left the sec tion without a supply from the usual sources. He was a Methodist and a Democrat. Mar ried: October 14, 1852, in Tuscaloosa, Mary Williams, daughter of Gov. Henry W. and Mary Ann (Battle) Collier (q. v.). Children: 1. Henry Watkins, m. Josephine Hollman Strat- ton and lives in Nashville, Tenn.; 2. Mary Col lier, m. Ethelred Philips, of Columbus, Ga.; 3. Elizabeth Richardson, resides in Nashville. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. BENAGH, JAMES, lawyer, was born Feb ruary 23, 1828, at Lynchburg, Va.; son of James and Elizabeth (Richardson) Benagh; brother of George William Benagh (q. v.). He was educated at Lynchburg, Va. ; studied law, was admitted to the bar, but did not practice. He served in the U. S. Army as captain and as sistant adjutant general on Gen. Kirby Smith's staff. He returned to Virginia after the war, later removed to Athens where he was a planter until 1875 when he took up the prac tice of his profession. In 1886 he was ap pointed register in chancery. Married: in 1872, to Miss Ryan of Baltimore, Md. Residence: Athens. BENHAM, VINCENT M., business man, sec retary of state of Alabama, died in Lauderdale, in 1865. He was sheriff of Coosa County for several years, and was a business man. In 1851 he represented Lauderdale in the house and was elected secretary of state after sixteen ballots were taken. Mr. Benham's vote of sixty-four elected him over his principal oppon ent, Mr. Clitherall, who received fifty-eight votes. He was re-elected secretary of state, de feating John H. Caldwell, Esq., and Gen. Hig- gins, in 1853, but resigned before his term had expired. In the reorganization of the govern- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 133 ment in 1865, he was appointed judge of probate in his county, by Gov. Parsons, and died not long after receiving his commission. He was a Democrat. Last residence: Lauderdale. BENNERS, ALFRED HATCH, lawyer and chancellor northwestern division, was born February 22, 1849, at Greensboro, in Greene, now Hale County; son of Augustus and Jane (Hatch) Benners (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Greensboro, and graduated A. B., 1868, from the Southern university. He en tered upon the practice of law in 1870 at Greens boro, remaining there until 1874, when he re moved to Dallas, Tex., 1875-85; returned to Greensboro, 1885-90, and in 1890 removed to Birmingham, where he continued to reside. In 1888-89 he represented Hale County in the legislature. Upon the death of John J. Altman, he was on January 26, 1905, appointed to be his successor as chancellor of the northwestern division; on November 8, 1906, he was elected to complete his unexpired term, and re-elected November 8, 1910, for a term of six years. He has practiced his profession in Birmingham since 1916. He is a Democrat, and an Epis copalian. Married: February 2, 1871, to Mar garet Chadwick, daughter of Allen Cadwallader and Katherine (Erwin) Jones (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Augustus (q. v.); 2. Allen C, St. Louis, Mo.; 3. Margaret Erwin, m. John Tal- bert Morgan, Memphis, Tenn.; 4. Helen Jane, Birmingham. Residence: Birmingham. BENNERS, AUGUSTUS, sr., lawyer and leg islator. Residence: Greensboro. See Addenda. BENNERS, AUGUSTUS, lawyer and legisla tor, was born May 13, 1872, at Greensboro; son of Alfred Hatch and Margaret (Jones) Benners (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools; and at the Southern university, grad uating A. B., 1890. Mr. Benners began the prac tice of law at Birmingham in 1893, in partner ship with his father, and is now a member of the firm of Percy, Benners and Burr. He served in the legislatures of 1900, 1903, and 1919. He is a Democrat. Married: July 30, 1908, at Morganfield, Ky., to Wilma, daughter of Oren and Frances Yarbrough, of that place. Residence: Birmingham. BENNERS, HAMILTON GRAHAM, lawyer and editor, was born May 8, 1868, at Greens boro, Hale County; son of Augustus and Jane (Hatch) Benners, the former a lawyer, and at one time a member of the State legislature from Greene County; grandson of Lucas Jacob and Fanny Benners of North Carolina, and of Alfred and Elizabeth (Vail) Hatch, of Areola, Marengo County. Mr. Benners was graduated from Southern university, Greensboro, A. M., 1888. He located in Greensboro; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1890; became editor of the "Alabama Beacon" in 1892. He was elected to the State legislature in 1907. He Is a Democrat and an Episcopalian. Married: February 25, 1897, to Annie LeVert, daughter of Charles Augustus and Mary (LeVert) Poellnitz, of Greensboro. Residence: Greens boro. BENNERS, I. H, justice of the peace. Res idence: Birmingham. BENNETT, ALBERT GALATIN, physician and major 12th battalion Alabama partisan rangers, was born in St. Clair County, and died February, 1882, at Ft. Payne; son of Vincent Bennett of St. Clair County. He was a member of the Alabama legislature, 1854-56; entered the Confederate service, 1862, as captain in Wheeler's battalion; was promoted major 12th battalion Alabama partisan rangers and dis charged from the service on account of failing health. He removed to Texas but returned to Alabama; read law and was admitted to the bar, but did not practice; studied medicine and practiced that profession. He located in Gadsden, and was made a member of the ex amining board of physicians and was also con nected with the government commissary at that place. He was a Democrat; a Methodist, and a Mason. Married: May 1, 1856, in Gadsden, to Sarah Frances, daughter of Turner and Nannie (Walker) Persons of Coweta County, Ga.; granddaughter of Jones and Randal (Robin son) Newnan, also of Coweta County. Chil dren: 1. Alta, m. (1) Andrew Moody, (2) Wil liam C. D. Cook of Ft. Payne; 2. Laura Gala- tin, m. (1) Richard Stringer, (2) Stephen Earl Dobbs, Ft. Payne; 3. Nannie Alberta; 4. Albert Turner; 5. Eulalia Adaline, m. Stanton Walter McDonald, of Dayton, Tenn. Last residence: Ft. Payne. BENSON, JAMES STOCKTON, merchant and legislator, was born October 4, 1883, at Langs- ton, Jackson County; son of Newton Wesley and Susan (Middleton) Benson; grandson of James and Susan Benson. He was educated in the schools of his native town and at Jacksonville State normal college; taught one year after which he engaged in the mercantile business. He represented Jackson County in the legisla ture of 1907. He is a Democrat; Presbyterian; Mason; and a Woodman of the World. Mar ried: June 5, 1906, to Mary Ethel, daughter of John and Mary Downey, of Jackson County. Residence : Langston. BENSON, NIMROD EARLE, lawyer, was born May 10, 1794, in Spartanburg, S. C, and died September 28, 1854, in Montgomery; son of William Henry and Eleanor (Keys) Ben son of South Carolina. He graduated at South Carolina college, Columbia, and there prepared for the law; was admitted to the bar in South Carolina and settled in Montgomery before the period of territorial government, the second lawyer to locate at that place. In 1821 and 1823, he was an intendant of the town; in 1825 and 1826 he was a member of the house of representatives, from Montgomery County; was appointed receiver in the land office when the last Creek cession was thrown on the market and retained this office until 1849; was elected judge of the county court, 1827; was mayor of Montgomery, 1846. A number of men who afterwards became distinguished read law under him, notably, Gov. Benjamin Fitzpatrick, Judge Henry Goldthwaite, Gov. George W. Towns, of Georgia and Senator George Gold- 134 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY thwaite. He was the receiver of public moneys in the Alabama land office for twenty-five years, and contracted the yellow fever on a trip to south Alabama in connection with his official duties and upon reaching home died of the malady. He was a Democrat; a Mason; and an Episcopalian. Married: Catherine Louise, daughter of Thomas and Anne (Wilson) Goldthwaite who lived at Woodbridge, Eng land. Children: 1. Anne Golthwaite, m. John James Scott; 2. Mary, m. Col. Thomas O. Glas cock, a prominent citizen of Montgomery; 3. Eleanor Keys; 4. William Henry, M. D., Uni versity of Maryland, assistant surgeon, C. S. Army, editor, died in Philadelphia, October 3, 1888; 5. Louise, m. Hugh William Henry; 6. Olivia, m. Philip Henry Trout. Last residence: Montgomery. BENSON, WILLIAM WARDLAW, educator, was born March 13, 1868, at Oak Hill, Wilcox County; son of Joseph Preston and Mary Eliza (Ramsey) Benson, the former born near old Fort Bibb, not far from the present town of Forest Home, Butler County, lived there until grown, spent a while in Mobile, then became a merchant and a planter at Allenton, Wilcox County, lived at Forest Home, at which he was postmaster during twenty-four years, was sec ond lieutenant, Co. B, First Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, was stationed at Pensa cola, Port Hudson, and elsewhere, and was a prisoner on Johnson's Island; grandson of James Key and Lucy (Drake) Benson, who lived near old Fort Bibb, the former one of twelve children, another of whom was Nimrod (q. v.), was a pioneer in the set tling of Montgomery; migrated from Vir ginia to South Carolina, was a soldier in the War of 1812, three years thereafter moved to Alabama, he and Lucy Drake having married in South Carolina, was a member of the small colony which settled in the "Flat" in Butler County, built the first house in the county, helped to build Fort Bibb, hunted and trapped with Thomas Hill, grand father of Gov. Thomas Hill Watts, named Cedar, Wolf, Bear, Sturdivant, Pine Barren, and Breastwork creeks, was a member of the small party who found and buried the body of Capt. William Butler, slain by Indians, 1818, and of Abiezer Clark and Elizabeth (Wardlaw) Ram sey, the former moved in territorial time from Georgia to Mississippi, became a Methodist minister, his "appointment" including several counties in Alabama, wrote reminiscences of his time, the value of these being indicated by extended quotations in Rev. Anson West's "His tory of Alabama Methodism," and had three brothers and a sister, Anne, who became Mrs. Longino, mother of Gov. Andrew H. Longino of Mississippi. W. W. Benson obtained early education at Rosebud, Wilcox County, and re ceived preparation for college at Forest Home academy. He attended Southern university, Greensboro, receiving in 1890 the degree of A. B., was class prophet, challenge debater, and winner of essayists medal; in summer of 1892 studied law under the direction of Dr. John B. Minor at the University of Virginia; in 1893 received from Southern university the de gree of A. M., and spent six summers at School of the South, Knoxville, University of Chicago, and Columbia university. He taught, first at Bragg's, 1887; after graduation he taught in Fairview college, Binnsville, Miss.; at Ozark, and Orion; was superintendent of schools of Brundidge, 1893; Boiling, 1895-98; Fort Deposit, 1898-1904; Geneva, 1904-1908; Elba, 1908-10; president, 1910-13, of the Southeast Alabama agricultural school and experiment station, Abbeville, Henry County, and in 1913 was elected to, and began the work of director of the rural school course in the State normal college at Florence. In 1902 he was president of the South Alabama educational association, and in 1903 was a member of the first State text-book commission to select a uniform system of school books. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a Mason, Odd Fellow, Red Man, and Woodman of the World, and a Knight of Pythias. He is unmarried. Residence: Florence. BENTLEY, CHARLIE JULIAN, Baptist min ister, was born September 14, 1866, near Wet umpka, Elmore County; son of Oliver Calla way, and Donna Maria (Mann) Bentley, who lived in Elmore, Coosa, and Tallapoosa Count ies, the former a native of Chambers County, born November 7, 1841, near Lafayette, teacher and lawyer, was county superintendent of El more County about the time of the formation of that county; grandson of Hiram and Levicy Bentley, who came from Wilkes County, Ga., to Alabama in 1839, the former of whom served as a justice of the peace, and of John Henry and Donna (Ellis) Mann, who came from Georgia to Alabama in the thirties and settled in Elmore County. He received his early edu cation in the public schools, taught principally by his father, at Alexander City, Rockford, and the country schools in Tallapoosa, Coosa and El more Counties. He began teaching when he was seventeen years old in Coosa County, study ing medicine in his spare time. The death of his father three years later broke up his plans, and he continued to teach, going to San Saba County, Tex., for three years. He returned to Alabama, and began preaching in 1894. He taught for one year more, then gave up that profession entirely to enter the ministry. He attended the Southern Baptist Theological Sem inary, 1895-1896, and received a certificate of graduation the latter year. He has been a pastor of the Missionary Baptist church since 1895, doing evangelistic work and travelling much for the state board of missions. In 1913, he was stationed at Avondale as pastor of the Baptist church there. While teaching at Buyck, Elmore County he was postmaster of that place ; and for several years was a member of the board of education of Elmore County. He has been a trustee of schools in several towns while a resident. He is a Democrat, and has served several times as a delegate to party conventions. He has been prelate and chancellor commander of the Knights of Pythias, and is a member of the Golden Cross. Married: (1) August 8, 1886, at Central, Elmore County, Nannie Elizabeth, who died May 4, 1908, at Sylacauga, daugh ter of William Swepston and Sallie I. (Thomas) Wall, of Central, granddaughter of Thomas DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 135 Wall, sheriff of Coosa County, who farmed near Aixburg, and of William Thomas; (2) Mrs. Ada Jerome (Pruett) Bailey, daughter of Capt. Robert Pruett, of Mt. Olive. Children: 1. Char lie Swepston, m. Exa Crew, graduate of the University of Alabama, 1911, and of Howard College, 1910, Goodwater; 2. Bennie Oliver, graduate of Howard College, 1911, druggist, Birmingham; 3. William Covey, attended How ard College, two years, with Continental Gin Company, Birmingham; 4. Upshow Cranfill, at tended Howard College, salesman Lake Cloth ing Company, Birmingham; 5. Grace Trumon, Birmingham; 6. Frances Willard, deceased; 7. Nannie Olivia; 8. John Broadus; 9. Mary Esther. Residence: Birmingham. BENTLEY, EFFORD, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Madison County; private and sergeant Virginia Militia; enrolled on May 2, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832; payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $44.10; sums re ceived to date of publication of list, $110.25. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BENTLEY, JOHN S., probate judge and phy sician, grew to manhood in Coosa County, and died January 25, 1892, at Rockfield; son of Hiram and Levisa (Bentley) Bentley, natives of Elbelt County, Ga., who settled in Chambers County, and later at Nixburg, Coosa County, where they passed the remainder of their lives. John S. Bentley was educated in the common schools of Alabama and taught in Central in stitute, Elmore County, and at Hanover, Coosa County. He took up the study of medicine alone and practiced the profession at Robinson Springs, Elmore County, for some years, being a "cold-water physician." He was justice of the peace, tax collector and tax assessor; served as clerk of the circuit court of Coosa County three terms and was elected probate judge of Coosa County 1874, 1880-1886. Married: (1) November 1, 1850, to Sarah C, daughter of I. M. Suttle, a merchant and later Probate judge of Coosa County; (2.) Mrs. E. Phillips, of Opelika. Children: 1. Mary L., m. T. J. Pen nington; 2. Emma L., m. Rev. W. T. Stewman; 3. William H., a farmer of Coosa County; 4. Rufus A., Birmingham; 5. Archie D., probate judge of Coosa County; 6. Sinclair M., Mont gomery; 7. John S.; 8. Oscee; 9. P. S., lawyer, Goodwater; 10. Sarah Belle. Last residence: Rockford. BENTLEY, O. P., Missionary Baptist minis ter, living at Enterprise in 1913. BERKOWITZ, HENRY, rabbi, a resident of Alabama from 1883-88, was born at Pittsburgh, Pa., on March 18, 1857; son of Louis and Hen rietta (Jarosluwski) Berkowitz, both of for eign birth. He received his early education in the public schools of Pittsburgh, attended Cornell university, 1872-73; read law in Pitta- burgh, 1873-77; from 1877-83 attended both the University of Cincinnati and the Hebrew union college, receiving the degree of B. C. from the former in 1883, and the postgraduate degree of.D. D. from the latter in 1877. He became rabbi of the Congregation Shaarai Shamayin (Gates of Heaven), Mobile, September 1, 1883, removing to Kansas City, Mo., and later to Philadelphia, Pa. While in Mobile he pub lished, "Bible Ethics," "First and Second Union Hebrew Reader," the latter in conjunc tion with Rabbi Joseph Krauskopf, and "Juda ism and the Social Question." The first hu mane society in Mobile was organized through the efforts of Rabbi Berkowitz. Married: Oc tober 28, 1883, to Miss Flora Brunn, of Coshoc ton, Coshocton County, Ohio. Residence: Phil adelphia, Pa. BERNEY, JAMES, physician and legislator, was born September 15, 1812, in Charleston, S. C, and died July 9, 1880, in Montgomery; son of John and Mary (Martin) Berney, the former a native of London, England, who emi grated to Charleston; grandson of Rev. Martin, of Charleston. Dr. Berney received his preparatory education in his native city, and graduated from the medical department of the university of Pennsylvania, and from the Medical college of Paris, France. He located at Hayneville, in 1839, but later removed to Montgomery, where he successfully practiced his profession until his death. He represented Lowndes County in the State legislature, 1843, was originally a Whig, but later united with the Democratic party. He was appointed honorary commissioner to the Universal ex position, Paris, France, 1878. Dr. Berney was a Presbyterian and a Mason. Married: Jan uary 21, 1840, at "Belvoir," Dallas County, to Jane Elizabeth, daughter of Reuben and Mary (Phillips) Saffold (q. v.). Children: 1. John, deceased, unmarried; 2. Mary, deceased, m. Charles Smith, Mobile; 3. Saffold (q. v.) m. Mary Clifton, Mobile; 4. William, m. Elizabeth Witten Taylor; 5. Chollet, m. Brookie Barnett; 6. Phillippa, m. Dr. G. M. Rousseau, Montgom ery; 7. Sophia, m. Joseph A. White, Richmond, Va.; 8. Robert, m. Anne , Richmond, Va.; 9. James, deceased, unmarried. Two other chil dren of this union died in childhood. Last residence: Montgomery. BERNEY, SAFFOLD, lawyer and jurist, born June 25, 1844, in Montgomery; son of James and Jane Elizabeth (Saffold) Berney (q. v.). He received his early education in private schools in Montgomery and later at tended the Baltimore (Md.) academy; studied law in the office of his uncle, Judge Milton Jef ferson Saffold (q. v.), Montgomery, and in 1866, admitted to the bar by the supreme court of Alabama. He practiced in Montgomery, at Eutaw, and in Mobile; for eighteen years one of the attorneys of the Mobile and Ohio railroad company. From March, 1903, to March, 1906, he was alderman of Mobile, being chairman of the committee of laws and ordinances. In August, 1907, he was appointed, by Gov. B. B. Comer, judge of the law and equity court of Mobile, and subsequently elected to this posi tion. He enlisted as a private in Semple's Bat tery of Light Artillery, C. S. Army, March, 1862, and served in the Army of Tennessee to 136 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY the close of the War of Secession, acting dur ing 1864-65, as adjutant of Hallonquist's reg iment of reserve artillery, in 1911 lieutenant colonel on the staff of Gen. Horatio Austill, commanding 2nd Brig., U. C. V. Author: "Hand Book of Alabama; a complete index to the State, with a geological map and an appendix of useful tables," published in 1878, in Mobile; a revised edition published in 1892; after which the State purchased the copyright, and all re maining copies of the book. He was a Demo crat and Episcopalian. Married: May 27, 1868, at Eutaw, to Mary Clifton, daughter of James Innes and Henrietta Catherine (Bick- ley) Adams, who lived in Mobile, the former of Welsh descent, a native of Richmond, Va., whence he removed to Mobile. Children: 1. Henrietta, m. Paul Roberts, Nashville, Tenn.; 2. James Chandler, died, 1878, in Mobile; 3. Jane Elizabeth; 4. Clifton; 5. Robert, all un married and living in Mobile. Residence: Mo bile. BERNEY, WILLIAM, banker, was born May 27, 1846, in Montgomery and died Oct. 20, 1905, in that city; son of James and Jane Elizabeth (Saffold) Berney (q. v.). He received his early education in private schools in Mont gomery and in Baltimore, Md. He enlisted in the Confederate Army, in the spring of 1864, at the age of eighteen years, at Dalton, Ga., serv ing as ordnance sergeant in Hallonquist's regi ment of reserve artillery, and was in the bat tles of Dalton, Resaca, Atlanta, and other en gagements. After the war he was deputy col lector of internal revenue of the second dis trict of Alabama, having charge of large amounts of money. He was afterwards cashier for Lehman, Durr and company, a commission house, dealing in cotton, Montgomery. In 1871 he removed to Birmingham, in which city he was agent of the Louisville and Nash ville railroad company. During 1875, he farmed, and was bookkeeper for the First Na tional bank of Birmingham. Later he was made cashier and finally president of that in stitution. He was also president of the Cen tral bank of Birmingham, and of the Berney National bank. Returning to Montgomery, he became vice-president of the bank of Mont gomery; president of the Fourth National bank, and in 1899, president of the American Na tional bank. He was commander of Camp Lomax, United Confederate Veterans, major on the staff of Gen. George P. Harrison, com mander of the U. C. V. He was a Democrat and Presbyterian. Married: (1) April 29, 1868, in Montgomery, Lizzie J., daughter of Dr. Witten P. and Taylor, who lived in Mont gomery, (2) September 30, 1902, Florella, daughter of Angus Robertson and McDon ald, of Montgomery, the former a native of Moore County, N. C, his parents being natives of Scotland, where the father held a military office, teacher, author of an unpublished Eng lish grammar, and died at the age of ninety- five, in Montgomery, buried in Union Springs beside his wife, both Presbyterians. Children: by the first wife, 1. Rebecca Durr, m. Richard Evans, lawyer, Birmingham; 2. Lizzie Witten, m. Tunstall B. Perry, merchant and broker, Birmingham; 3. Mary Chollet. Last residence: Montgomery. BERRY, B. E., principal of the Madison Coun ty high school in 1913. Residence: Huntsville. BERRY, JAMES HENDERSON, lawyer and U. S. senator, was born at Bellefonte, Jackson County, May 15, 1841, and died at Bentonville, January 30, 1913; son of James M. and Isabella (Orr) Berry, of that county. He removed to Arkansas with his parents in 1848 and was educated in the private schools of that state; served as 2nd lieutenant 16th Arkansas infan try regiment, C. S. Army, and lost a leg at Corinth; returned to Alabama and taught school at Ozark at the same time studying law; admitted to the Arkansas bar, 1866; served as a member of the Arkansas house of representatives three terms, and was speaker one term; governor of the state, 1882, and U. S. senator, 1889, 1895, and 1901. Until his death, he practiced his profession at Benton ville. Married: October 1865, at Ozark, to Liz zie Quaile, of that place. Last residence: Ben tonville, Ark. BERRY, OBEDIAH, mayor of Tuscaloosa, 1864-65; 1873, 1877-78. Residence: Tuscaloosa. BERRY, RANDALL DUCKWORTH, lawyer, was born December 27, 1842, at Portland, Dal las County; son of Alfred and Nancy (Duck worth) Berry, the former a native of Morgan County, who lived later in Tuscaloosa, Marion and Selma, a Confederate soldier; grandson of John and Jane (Weeks) Berry, of Morgan County, and of Randall and Patsy (McCor- mic) Duckworth of Portland, Dallas County, a relative of Admiral Sir J. T. Duckworth who was in command of the English naval squadron that forced the narrow channel of the Darda nelles in 1808, against the Turkish fortifica tions and drawings of the engagement are in the possession of the subject of this sketch. Randall Duckworth Berry received his early education in the primary department of the old Howard college, Marion, and later attended a private school in Selma, taught by Prof. E. M. Holloway. He studied law in Selma under the tutelage of Fellows and John, attorneys, and received his license on examination by the supreme court of Alabama. He has practiced his profession in Selma ever since being ad mitted to the bar. On motion of Gen. E. W. Pettus he was admitted to practice in the U. S. district court; was a member city council of Selma, 1872-73; city attorney of Selma, 1905; member of legislature from Dallas County 1882-83, and introduced the bill to create a department of immigration; mem ber legislature 1886-87, and aided in creating the department of agriculture. He entered the Confederate Army as corporal in Co. A, Fourth Alabama regiment infantry, was promoted to lieutenant in Capt. Jas. A. McCaw's Co., 62nd Alabama infantry regiment, was wounded at Bull Run, July 21, 1861, and at the battles of Seven Pines and Malvern Hill. He was a mem ber of the "Lightning Committee" of Dallas jAHMHK ' - Hk H*1 wHp ' ^f *"^^^P^1H ¦ ¦ lBi£ ._*¦" IfljHp w §''"""''' »;,"¦¦. " " £M' t ¦¦.¦.¦..:. ,..'| ¦"¦'"'"'I ;.;.;¦,,,..¦¦:,., Wk * Ik ¦ -, ¦ JB mFrf K^| H hi ^j ml HH ¦ '-"-'''"'afe'^B SBJI r "^K^HI sis r' WSM Ka^^afcu^wVif^B ,:|L Ik 1 i , * ',?:\ Br* ¦^^^^^is^B §sf,^?l|;' iHnSt ' RHsffiRj * Ulllslf/. ¦..¦ -...',:¦¦'.,:;:''". GENERAL JOHN COFFEE DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 139 County that helped destroy the Republican party in the blackbelt. He is a Democrat, a Baptist; and a member of the Grange at Burns- ville at one time. Married: April 25, 1878, at Riderville, Chilton County, to Sallie Marsh, daughter of German and Mary Carson (Brant- ly) Burns of that place; granddaughter of Adam Carson, a Revolutionary soldier, from Wilkes County, Ga., and who also served with Gen. Andrew Jackson in the Seminole and Florida War. Children: 1. Paul Burns, m. Ida Cramer, Selma; 2. Alfred, m. Ida Hendricks, Pensa cola, Fla.; 3. John Heflin, m. Dee Mann, Selma; 4. Jefferson Clay, m. Cemira Mann, Selma; 5. Burnise, m. Theron R. Yates, Lockhart.. Resi dence : Selma. BESTOR, DANIEL PERRIN, sr., Baptist minister and teacher, was born February, 1797, in Suffleld, Conn., and died April 9, 1869, in Mobile; son of Daniel Perrin Bestor of Con necticut, a major in the Revolutionary War. The family were French Huguenots. After a thorough classical preparation he went to Lex ington, Ky., when a very young man and studied law, but under the preaching of the celebrated Dr. Fishback he was converted and began preaching at twenty-two years of age. He removed to Athens, about 1819; settled at La Grange several years later where he was at the head of a school and preached to several churches. He was one of the presbytery that constituted Courtland church, May 5, 1827, and held that pastorate six years. He removed to Greensboro in 1833 and established a female school which at once sprang into statewide popularity. In 1846 he settled in Sumter County where he devoted himself to farming and preaching. In 1856, he removed to Mis sissippi and bought; a plantation which he con ducted for many years, making his residence in Mobile a part of the time. He served the pastorate of the Baptist church, at Columbus, Miss., in his later life, and held this charge at the time of his death. In addition to the foregoing he served pastorates at Spring Hill, Gainesville, Sumterville, Livingston and Mo bile. His ministerial labors were always with out remuneration. He was a member of the legislature in Alabama and in Mississippi; a member of the board of trustees of the Ala bama university during the administration of Dr. Manly. He was frequently invited to as sume the presidency of colleges and high schools, and called to the pastorates of churches in the North, but declined them all to remain in the section of his adoption. Married: (1) in 1826, to Elizabeth J., daughter of Maj. John L. Townes, a native of Amelia County, Va., a soldier of the War of 1812, who located in Madi son County, and was a member of the State constitutional convention, 1819; (2) Mrs. Bled soe, daughter of Maj. Thomas G. Blewett of Columbus, Miss. Children: two sons killed in battle in the War of Secession; 3. Frank Eggle- stin, lieutenant in Ball's cavalry regiment, C. S. Army, killed in battle April, 1864; 4. Dan iel Perrin, (q. v.). Two daughters are dead; (7) Alma B., m. Col. J. C. Brown, East Lake. Last residence: Columbus, Miss. vol. m— 10 BESTOR, DANIEL PERRIN, jr., lawyer, mayor of Mobile, was born March 27, 1840, in Greensboro, Hale, then Greene County, and died June 6, 1911, in Mobile; son of Rev. Dan iel P. and Eliza (Townes) Bestor (q. v.). Daniel Perrin Bestor after receiving a thor ough preparatory training, graduated at the University of Mississippi with the A. B. de gree, 1860, and after the summer vacation spent on his father's plantation in Mississippi, began the study of the law in the office of Robert H. Smith, Mobile. His legal education was interrupted by the War, but resumed in the same office at the conclusion of hostilities. He volunteered in 1861 with the 37th Mis sissippi regular infantry, and in 1862 became a member of the signal service. He served in Gen. Stonewall Jackson's corps until the lat ter was killed at Chancellorsville ; after which he was in Ewell's and in Early's commana until the close of the War. He was admitted to the bar in Mobile in the spring of 1867; mayor of Mobile, 1877; delegate to the National Democratic convention that nominated Grover Cleveland for president, 1884, and again dele gate in 1888. He was a member of the State bar association; a Baptist; a Prohibitionist; Democrat and Mason. In 1907 the degree of LL. D. was conferred upon him by Howard college, East Lake. He was president of the board of trustees of the Medical college of Ala bama, Mobile. Married: December 23, 1873, to Nellie Tarleton, of Mobile. Children: 1. Daniel Perrin, Jr.; 2. George Tarleton; 3. a daughter. Last residence: Mobile. BETHEA, HENRY, planter, was born in 1836, in Wilcox County; son of Tristram B. and Eugenia (Bethea) Bethea (q. v.) ; grandson of David Bethea. He was educated in a prep aratory school at Charlottesville, Va., and was graduated in medicine, at New Orleans, 1861. Immediately after his graduation, he enlisted in the Third Alabama infantry, C. S. Army, as a private. He was soon made assistant surgeon and, as such, left the state with the regiment, which was the first from Alabama to reach Vir ginia. He participated in all the battles in which his regiment was engaged, and was never wounded, taken prisoner, or sick. He left the medical department of the army in December, 1861, and was for some time with Semple's battalion. During the battle of Murfreesboro, he was promoted to second lieutenant of Hawk- in's battalion of sharpshooters. In 1863, orders were issued that all detailed privates should re turn to their commands, and he was sent to northern Alabama as commander of a com pany of scouts. Afterward, he was commis sioned assistant adjutant general on Gen. Dan Adam's staff, and served in this capacity until the end of the war. Soon after the war, in the spring of 1865, he settled on a plantation in Marengo County, where he farmed until his death. He never practiced his profession of medicine. He was a Democrat, and a member of the order of Elks. Married: Ida E. Rice, daughter of Judge Samuel F. Rice, of Mont gomery. She died in 1865. Children: 1. Sam uel Rice, planter, m. the daughter of Capt. 140 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY William M. Selden, of Faunsdale. Last resi dence: Marengo County. BETHEA, SUMTER, business man, was born June 17, 1861, in Marion County; son of John and Elizabeth Ann Bethea, the former a lieu tenant in the C. S. Army who died at the siege of Vicksburg, 1863; the latter a writer of fic tion, author of several books that attained local note; grandson of John and Hannah (Walker) Bethea, of Marion County, S. C. He is a de scendant of John Bethea who emigrated from England to Virginia in 1675. His son, John, great-great-grandfather of Sumter Bethea, was an officer in Gen. Sumter's army, and his grand son, John, was a lieutenant in the War of 1812. The Bethea family, descended from French Huguenots, who settled in England before com ing to America, are still in possession of a large part of the land ceded to them in South Carolina by the crown of England. Sumter Bethea was educated in the district schools of Marion, S. C, and later in Bingham School, North Carolina. He located in Birmingham in 1888 when he en gaged in his present business of real estate broker. He is owner of many city lots in Bir mingham. He is a Democrat, a Presbyterian, and is past chancellor of the Knights of Pythias, and a member of the grand lodge of that order. Married: March 7, 1887, Miriam Woodward, daughter of Col. Joseph A. and Minerva (Rice) Woodward, of Talladega, both descendants of old English settlers in Virginia. Col. Wood ward spent several years in the state legisla ture and represented Winnsboro district in con gress for ten years. He was a personal friend of John C. Calhoun, Henry Clay, Daniel Web ster, and was with Morse when he sent the first telegraphic message. Children: 1. Agnes; 2. Ellen, d. in infancy; 3. Elizabeth; 4. Estelle; 5. Malcolm; 6. Mary; 7. Roderick. Residence: Birmingham. BETHEA, TRISTRAM B., planter, was born April 12, 1810, in Marion district, S. C; and died, 1879, in Montgomery. He is descended from an early French Huguenot family of that state which was first represented in this coun try by three brothers who settled in South Caro lina long before the Revolutionary War and played a conspicuous part in that war. He came with his parents to Claiborne, Monroe County during his childhood. The death of his father, following soon after, deprived him of many early advantages. He received a plain education, read law under Gov. Bagby and under Hon. C. M. Conrad at New Orleans. After a short residence in that city, he moved to Wilcox County and engaged in planting and in the practice of law there from 1832 until 1850. He was on the electoral ticket for Cass and Butler in 1848 and voted for them in the elec toral college. He moved to Mobile in 1850 and was elected to the senate on the democratic ticket from that city three years later. In 1855, he was again elected to the legislature, this time as representative of the Know-Nothing party. Soon after he became a planter in Montgomery County and was sent to the legislature from there for two terms. Under an act of the legis lature providing for a commission to adjust the state debt, Mr. Bethea, with Gov. Houston and Levi W. Lawler, made the required adjustment, greatly to the satisfaction of the people of the state. Married: Eugenia Bethea, of Wilcox, daughter of David Bethea, an early settler of South Carolina. Children: 1. Henry (q. v.); 2. Alfred, deceased, served in the C. S. Army; 3. Theodore B., a lieutenant in the C. S. Army, who fell while fighting at Cheha; 4. A. J., served in the C. S. Army, resides in Marengo County; 5. Mary, deceased, m., Dr. Philip Fitzpatrick; 6. Cornelia, m. Hon. Malcolm Graham, of Alabama. Last residence: Montgomery. , BETHEA, WILLIAM MARION, lawyer, was born June 16, 1857, near Raleigh, Smith County, Miss.; son of John and Elizabeth Ann Bethea, the former a native of Marion County, N. C, who moved to Mississippi about 1850, was com missioned lieutenant in the C. S. Army, and died at the siege of Vicksburg, 1863, the latter a writer of fiction; grandson of John and Han nah (Walker) Bethea, of Marion County, S. C. The ancestors on both sides were among Mar ion's men in the Revolutionary War. They were descended from French Huguenots, who fled from Alpine, France, to England, settled near the border of Scotland for two generations and came to America after the battle of Cul loden. They acquired about twenty thousand acres of land in Marion County, S. C, most of which is still held by their posterity. There were over two hundred of the name who en listed in the War of Secession. After his father's death, William Marion Bethea went with his mother back to Marion County, S. C, where he received his early schooling. He at tended Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn., but did not graduate. He taught school in Tal ladega for six years and in his leisure, studied law. In 1884, he was admitted to the bar, moved to Birmingham later in the year, and began to practice law. He was a partner of Judge Charles A. Senn for several years, but since 1890 has practiced alone. He is a Demo crat and has been a delegate to all the state and county conventions, is a Methodist, and a Master Mason. Married: December 19, 1889, Cora, of Birmingham, daughter of Ru- fus and America (Walker) Hagood. Children: 1. Rufus H.; 2. William M., jr.; 3. Helen W.; 4. Philip. Residence: Birmingham. BETHUNE, DAVID S., lawyer, State sena tor, and member constitutional convention, 1901, was born in Sumter County, S. C; son of John and Frances (Shaw) Bethune, of Pike and Bullock Counties. He graduated from the Ogle thorpe university, Midway, Ga., in 1858. He began the practice of law at Union Springs, was State senator, 1896-97, and a member of the constitutional convention of 1901. During the War of Secession he was a member of the 1st Alabama volunteers, 1861, lieutenant, Co. B, 51st Alabama cavalry regiment, and later adjutant of the latter company. He is a Demo crat and a Presbyterian. Married: (1) in No vember, 1864, to C. F. McLean; (2) in Septem ber, 1891, to M. V. McLean. Last residence: Union Springs. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 141 BETHUNE, WILLIAM C, lieutenant-colonel, 57th, also called the 54th, Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. BETTS, EDWARD CHAMBERS, lawyer, planter and commissioner of agriculture was born August 13, 1820, ten miles from Hunts ville in Madison County, on his father's plan tation, and died September 18, 1891, at Hunts ville; son of Charles Edward and Martha Cousins (Chambers) Betts, the former a na tive of Lunenburg, Mecklenburg County, Va., who later lived at Boydton, finally locating in Madison County, the latter a sister of U. S. Senator Henry C. Chambers for whom Cham bers County is named; grandson of Elisha and Mary (Parrot) Betts. Edward Chambers Betts received his elementary education in private schools in Madison County and under private tutors. He attended the University of Virginia and studied and traveled abroad and in the east. After practicing law for some years he retired to his plantation. He served several terms in the Alabama legislature; was judge of the county court of Madison County; first commissioner of agriculture of Alabama; and trustee University of Alabama, a number of years. He was a Democrat and an Episcopal ian. Married: in 1854, at Courtland, to Vir ginia Augusta, daughter of John M. and Cyntha (Early) Swope of that place; granddaughter of Peter and Ann Adams (Smith) Early; great- granddaughter of Joel Early; great-great-grand daughter of Jeremiah Early and wife, a Miss Buford, the former who immigrated from Donegal County, Ireland to Virginia about 1702. Gen. Jubal A. Early and Bishop John Early were among his descendants and he was a lineal descendant of Carbri Lifichar, an an cient king of Ireland, born A. D. 225 and the name was Anglicised as Early during the reigns of the Henrys and Edwards. Children: 1. Rostan, m. Mattie Minor Meriwether; 2. Tancred, m. Maude Minor Brown,- (q. v.) ; 3. Victor, m. Lucy Lee Winston; 4. Augusta Ada Kortrecht; 5. Chambers. Last residence: Huntsville. BETTS, TANCRED. lawyer and circuit judge,' was born September 16, 1861, at Huntsville, Madison County; son of Edward Chambers and Virginia Augusta (Swoope) Betts (q. v.). Mr. Betts received his early education in the pub lic schools of Huntsville; graduated senior captain, Alabama corps of cadets, University of Alabama, M. A., 1881; editor-in-chief "Uni versity Monthly," 1880-81; studied law at the University of Alabama and completed his course by private reading in his father's office; and was admitted to the bar at Huntsville, 1886. He was appointed solicitor of Madison County by Gov. Joseph E. Johnston, November 21, 1898; succeeded himself by election; trustee Alabama polytechnic institute; appointed judge of the law and equity court of Madison County, March 1, 1907, by Gov. B. B. Comer; chairman Democratic executive committee of Madison County, 1890-96, and 1898-1902; member state and congressional committees. He is an Epis copalian. Married: April 2, 1888, at Auburn, Maude Minor, daughter of Dr. William LeRoy and Sallie (Fleming) Broun (q. v.). Children: 1. Sallie LeRoy, m. James Harvey Pride; 2. Edward Chambers, captain in U. S. Army. Resi dence : Huntsville. BETTS, WILLIAM FRANKLIN, physician, was born November 7, 1870, at Burnt Corn, Conecuh County; son of William Hopkins and Virginia E. (Morley) Betts, the former a na tive of Burnt Corn, who lived at that place all his life, and served in the C. S. Army as a pri vate in the Fifth Alabama infantry regiment, Riley's company, participating at Gettysburg, first and second Manassas, Sharpsburg, and other places; grandson of Isaac and Nancy Betts, of Burnt Corn, and of Richard and Eliza Morley, of Burnt Corn; great-grandson of Sam Betts, who moved to Monroe County from Dela ware. He received his early education at Burnt Corn; attended Southern University at Greens boro, 1886-1888; the university of Virginia, 1888- 1890; and was graduated from Tulane univer sity, M. D., 1892. He practiced medicine at Jennings and Vinton, La., a short time in 1892; moved to Meridian, Miss., and continued his profession there for two years; practiced at Burnt Corn for six years; and since 1900 has been conducting his practice at Evergreen. He was coroner of Conecuh County for two years; county physician, two years; county health offi cer, two years; is health officer of Evergreen; is a junior counsellor of the Alabama State Medi cal Association; secretary of the Conecuh Coun ty Medical Society; member of the pension board of examiners of Confederate veterans; is a Democrat; a Methodist; Knight of Pythias; and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: (1) October 14, 1893, to Fannie Young, of Meridian, Miss., who died soon after her mar riage; (2) November 6, 1895, to Daisy Frazer, of Mobile, daughter of Rev. J. S. and Ella Frazer, of Mobile, the former who is presiding elder of the Mobile district of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, who had filled the same position on the Pensacola, Selma, and Montgomery districts, is a trustee of the Southern university and of the Auburn col lege of agriculture; granddaughter of Mrs. Fanny Chapman, of Evergreen. Residence: Evergreen. BETTS, WILLIAM J., major, lieutenant-colo nel, 13th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. BEVERS, JAMES, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 73, and a resident of Lime stone County; private Virginia Continental Line; enrolled on December 11, 1823, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from October 20, 1823; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $275.08. Died December, 1826.— Revolu tionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BEVILLE, EDWARD, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Madi son County; private Virginia Continental Line; enrolled on January 5, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $36.66; sums 142 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY received to date of publication of list, $91.65. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 513, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He re sided in Madison County, June 1, 1840, aged 78. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. "Died — On the 15th of March, 1847, at her residence in Madison County, Ala., Mary Beville, in the 84th year of her age. And on the 20th of September, 1847, Edward Beville, Sen., her hus band, died at the same place, in the 88th year of his age. They emigrated from Virginia, Mecklenburg County, to North Carolina, about the year 1805, and from there to this county about 1823. Edward Beville, Sen., was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, and drew a pension at the time of his death; he was a great lover of liberty, and often spoke of the prosperity of his country. The writer has been acquainted with him for the last 15 or 20 years — he was strictly honest and a great lover of truth, re spected and esteemed by all who knew him. O. R." — The Democrat, Huntsville, Ala., Oct. 27, 1847. BIBB, BENAJAH SMITH, planter, legislator, and judge, was born September 30, 1796, in El bert County, Ga., and died February 17, 1884; son of William and Sally (Wyatt) Bibb; broth er of Gov. William Wyatt Bibb (q. v.) ; Gov. Thomas Bibb (q. v.) ; John Dandridge Bibb (q. v.); and of Rev. Peyton Bibb (q. v.). He came to Montgomery in 1822 as a planter and in 1825 was elected judge of the county court. He removed to Morgan County in 1827 and rep resented that county in the legislature of 1828. Returning to Montgomery County he was again elected judge of the county court in 1832, re maining in this position for twelve years, and serving as senator from this county, 1834-35. In 1845 and 1847 he was elected as representa tive in the legislature and in 1851 was elected over General Fair to the senate. He was elect ed judge of the criminal court for the city and county of Montgomery in 1864 but was deposed in 1865 by Governor Smith for having taken an active part in the War of Secession. Before the war he was an old time Whig and after wards a Democrat. He was a Methodist Pro testant. Married: January 19, 1822, in Elbert County, Ga., to Sophia Lucy Ann Gilmer (q. v.). Children: 1. William Joseph, m. Ann Rog ers, of La Grange, Ga.; 2. George R., m. Mary E. Lipscomb; 3. Louisa S.; 4. Sarah E., m. (1) Dr. William T. Eldridge, (2) John Hutcheson; 5. Martha Dandridge, m. her cousin Joseph B. Bibb (q. v.). Last residence: Montgomery. BIBB, JOHN DANDRIDGE, lawyer, legislat or, judge and planter, was born March 10, 1788, in Prince Edward County, Va., died May 9, 1848, in Carroll County, Miss., and is buried in Mont gomery; son of William and Sally Wyatt Bibb; brother of Gov. William Wyatt Bibb (q. v.) ; Gov. Thomas Bibb (q. v.) ; Rev. Peyton Bibb (q. v.); and of Benajah Smith Bibb (q. v.). He studied law in the office of Judge William H. Crawford, of Georgia, and later entered mto a partnership with him. He removed to Madi son County, Mississippi Territory, in 1814, where he became a planter. In 1818, he remov ed to Montgomery, was judge of the territorial court, a member of the constitutional conven tion of 1819, and State senator from Montgom ery County in 1822. He then located above De catur, in Morgan County, later returned to Montgomery, and finally settled on his planta tion on the Yazoo River, Carroll Parish, Miss. Married: May 6, 1812, at Petersburg, Ga., to Mary Xenia, daughter of John and Frances (Thompson) Oliver, the former a native of near Petersburg, Va., who removed to Peters burg, Elbert County, Ga., where he became an extensive planter and merchant and who owned the point of land from which plied a ferry to both the South Carolina and Georgia side; granddaughter of Dionysius and Mary Ann (Winfrey) Oliver, the former a native of Peters burg, Va., who removed to Broad River settle ment, Ga., when he served in the Revolution as captain of a privateer, was with General Lincoln at the sieges of Savannah and Augusta, in the battles of King's Mountain and Kettle Creek, in Wilkes County, captured by the Brit ish, a most successful planter and slave holder, and of William and Mary (Wells) Thompson, the former a native of Chesterfield County, Va.; great-granddaughter of Valentine Winfrey, of Virginia, of Thomas and Mary (McCartie) Oliver, of York County, Va., who sometime be fore the Revolution removed to Petersburg, Va., and of Thomas and Mary Wells, the former a native of Bristol Parish, Chesterfield County, Va., of Robert Thompson, who married twice, his second wife being Sarah Farley, and who accumulated great wealth and is thought to have been a goldsmith; great-great-granddaugh ter of John Oliver of York County, Va., of Flor- ance and Mary (Wright) McCartie, of York County, Va., the former son or nephew of Den nis McCartie, the Irish immigrant, who was a lawyer of Virginia, of Robert and Elizabeth (Stewart) Thompson, the former a goldsmith. and planter of Henrico County, Va., and of Thomas and Grace Wells, the former a plantei of Chesterfield County, Va., and holder of sev eral land grants of Virginia; great-great-great- granddaughter of Dionysius Wright, justice of James County, Va., in 1702. Children: 1. Charles Sydney; 2. Elvira Antionette, m. Dr. Samuel B. Malone, of Columbus, Miss.; 3. Sarah Frances; 4. Mary Dandridge; 5. William Craw ford, m. (1) Priscilla E. Sims, of Tuscaloosa, (2) Rebecca Lanier Harries, parents of Wil liam Crawford Bibb, jr., (q. v.) ; 6. Edwin Augustus; 7. Lavinia Arabella; 8. John Dand ridge; 9. Dandridge Asbury, m. Emma Taylor; 10. Algernon Sydney, m. (1) Mary Carraway, (2) Miss Hoard, of Murfreesboro, Tenn.; 11. Mary Cornelia; 12. Laura Angerona, m. Henry L. Rogers, of LaGrange, Ga., and Tuskegee. Last residence: Carroll County, Miss. BIBB, JOSEPH BENAJAH, lawyer and col onel, C. S. Army, was born in 1822, at "Spring Hill," Elmore County, and died September 14, 1869, in Montgomery; son of Rev. Peyton and Martha (Cobb) Bibb (q. v.). He was without a college education but studied law and located in Montgomery for the practice. At the same time he carried on his planting interests. In the old "Montgomery True Blues" he held the office of second lieutenant, having received his DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 143 commission March 23, 1847; was inspector, with rank of major, 15th brigade, Alabama militia, commissioned March 19, 1850; captain, "Mont gomery Rifles," organized as minute men at the call of Gov. A. B. Moore, to take Fort Morgan in time to prevent federal reinforcement, January- March, 1861. After his return he raised six com panies which formed part of the 23rd Alabama infantry regiment, of which he became lieuten ant-colonel. This regiment fought at Vicksburg where Col. F. K. Beck was wounded, Lieut. Col. Bibb acting as commanding officer, at Mission ary Ridge, Resaca, from Atlanta to Jonesboro, Columbia, Nashville, and at Bentonville, Tenn. He was wounded at Nashville. Col. Bibb was retained as colonel of the 23rd regiment with which the 46th Alabama infantry regiment was consolidated. He was recommended by Gen. Joseph E. Johnston for appointment as brigadier-general but the war closed without action. He declined the nomination for the position of representative in the general as sembly because of unwillingness to serve in a body containing negroes. His death was caused by tuberculosis resulting from the wound re ceived at Nashville. ¦ He was an Odd Fellow. Married: January 10, 1849, in Montgomery, to Martha Dandridge, his first cousin, daughter of Benajah Smith Bibb (q. v.) and Sophie Lucy Ann (Gilmer) Bibb (q. v). Children: 1. Dr. William G. (q. v.), m. Susie Dunlap, daughter of Gov. James D. Porter, of Tennessee; 2. Pey ton Benajah (q. v.). Last residence: Mont gomery. BIBB, PEYTON, planter and Methodist min ister was born May 26, 1784, in Prince Edward County, Va., and died October 13, 1840, at his home near Robinson Springs, Elmore County; son of William and Sally (Wyatt) Bibb; brother of Gov. William Wyatt Bibb (q. v.); Gov. Thomas Bibb (q. v.) ; John Dandridge Bibb (q. v.); and of Benajah Smith Bibb (q. v.). He removed to Alabama from Abbeville District, S. C, in 1820, settling in Autauga, now Elmore County, and built a residence called "Spring Hill," about eight miles north of Montgomery. He built a tanyard and on a nearby creek a grist mill and navigated the Alabama River to Mobile for supplies by means of flat-boats. He placed on the river two steamboats, the Monroe and the Caroline, the first is thought probably to have been the second boat to as cend the river as high as Montgomery. For a time he lived in Montgomery and for the last fifteen years preceding his death was a Metho dist Protestant minister. Married: about 1818, to Martha Cobb, niece of William Cobb. Child ren: 1. Nancy, m. James Terry; 2. Edna, m. Zachariah Watkins; 3. Harriet, m. Dr. Albert Gallatin Goodwyn, parents of Albert Taylor Goodwyn (q. v.); 4. Peyton Dandridge; 5. Jo seph B. Bibb (q. v.) ; 6. Caroline, m. Walter L. Coleman (q. v.); 7. Frances, m. (1) Joseph P. Saffold, (q. v) ; (2) Dr. Walter Jackson (q. v.). Last residence: Robinson Springs. BIBB, PEYTON BENAJAH, naval officer, was born March 11, 1857, in Montgomery, and died July 30, 1906, in New York City; son of Joseph Benajah and Martha Dandridge (Bibb) Bibb (q. v.); brother of William George Bibb (q. v.). He was educated in the private schools of Mont gomery, at Virginia military institute, and graduated from the United States military acad emy, Annapolis, in 1878. He made one cruise to Europe, one to the Pacific Coast, spent two years in the United States coast survey, and in 1883 was made an ensign. He resigned, lo cating in Montgomery in 1884, when he took up civil engineering. In 1886 he accepted the gen eral managership of the Montgomery iron works and in 1895 was master of the dock yard at Port Royal, S. C. He resigned because of ill health and went to reside on a farm near Cartersville, Ga. He was captain of the "Mont gomery True Blues," 1886-90; lieutenant col onel and aide on the staff of Gov. Thomas G. Jones, 1890-94; and colonel and inspector gen eral on the staff of Gov. William C. Oates, 1894, resigning in 1895. Married: November 10, 1887, at Clarendon, Ga., to Josephine Martin, of Au gusta, Ga., great-granddaughter of Gen. Elijah Clark. No children. Last residence: New York City. BIBB, PORTER, captain, C. S. Army, was born in 1839, and died February 8, 1915, at Belle Mina; son of Porter and Mary P. (Betts) Bibb, the former a graduate of the University of Virginia and a planter of Limestone County; grandson of Thomas and Permelia (Thomp son) Bibb (q. v.) and of Elisha and Martha (Chambers) Betts, both natives of Virginia, who early settled in Madison County, the for mer a soldier in the War of 1812. He was reared on a farm, attended the common schools of his county, and later Greene academy, at Huntsville. He went to Memphis, Tenn., in 1859, where he took up the study of law. He came home in 1860, organized a company, and entered the Confederate Army as first lieuten ant in 1861, in Co. E, 40th Tennessee regi ment. This company offered their services to Alabama but the quota was full and they were rejected. They enlisted for twelve months and when the term of enlistment had expired they were prisoners of war at Johnson's Island, remained in prison for six months and were exchanged at Vicksburg. After his release he served until the end of the war as brigade quar termaster to Brigadier General Alpheus Baker. He returned to Belle Mina, after the war and engaged in farming. He represented Limestone County in 1883-84, in the State legislature, was notary public and ex-officio justice of the peace. He was a Mason and a Knight of Honor. Mar ried: 1864, in Marengo County, to Amelia, daughter of Nathan and Amanda (Taliaferro) Bradley, of that place; granddaughter of Maj. Benjamin B. and Martha (Watkins) Taliaferro, of Marengo County; great-granddaughter of Gen. Benjamin and Martha (Meriwether) Talia ferro, the former a native of Virginia, ap pointed a lieutenant in one of the Virginia regiments, which was afterwards placed upon the continental establishment, commanded a company under General Washington in the Jer seys, in 1777-78, later joined the southern army under the command of Generals Lee and Lin coln, captured at Charleston, paroled, removed to Broad River settlement, Elbert County, Ga., 144 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY in 1784, president of the State senate, member of the United States congress, member of the legislature which passed the Yazoo act, voted against it, and later judge of the superior court, and of James and Jane (Thompson) Watkins, the former a native of Prince Ed ward County, Va., who removed to Elbert Coun ty, Ga.; great-great-granddaughter of Zach Taliaferro, who emigrated from Italy to Vir ginia, settling in Williamsburg and later re moving to Amherst County, Va., of James and Martha (Thompson) Watkins, the former a native of Amelia County, Va., who removed to Georgia about 1796, of David and Mary (Har- vie) Meriwether, the former of Amherst Coun ty, Va., who removed to Elbert County, Ga., and of Isham and Mary Ann (Oliver) Thomp son; great-great-great-granddaughter of Robert Thompson, of Chesterfield County and Branch's Creek, a planter and goldsmith, of William and Martha Watkins, of Chesterfield County, Va., the former's father the progenitor of the fam ily that came from Wales and settled between the York and James Rivers, in Virginia, of Thomas and Mary (McCartie) Oliver, of Bru- ton Parish, York County, Va., of Thomas and Elizabeth (Thornton) Meriwether, and of John Harvie and wife, a Miss Gaines, the former a native of Gargunnock, Stirlingshire, Scotland, who emigrated to Virginia, settling in Albe marle County where he died, his wife remov ing after his death to the Broad River settlement, Elbert County, Ga.; great-great- great-great-granddaughter of Florence McCar tie, son or nephew of Capt. Dennis McCartie, the Irish immigrant to Virginia, and related to the distinguished Florance family in the south of Ireland, of John Oliver, planter who lived in the parish of Hampton, York County, Va., and of David and Anne (Holmes) Meriwether ; great-great-great-great-great-grand daughter of George Holmes, of King and Queen County, Va., of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Craw ford) Meriwether, of New Kent County, Va., the former a native of Wales and from whom the Meriwethers of the south and west trace their ancestry; great-great-great-great-great- great-granddaughter of David Crawford, of As- sasquin, New Kent County, Va., and of Nicho las Meriwether, of Wales. Children: 1. Brad ley, m. Josephine S. Ashford; 2. Mary P., m. Benjamin D. Lindsays, of Belle Mina; 3. Augus ta, m. (1) Edmond P. Garrett, (2) George Dun can, of Belle Mina; 4. Robert C, m. Camilla Madding, of Huntsville; 5. Benajah A., m. Berrlee Jacoway, of Mooresville; 6. William Joseph, unm. Last residence: Belle Mina. BIBB, RICHARD J., planter, was born in 1812, in Boone County, Mo.; son of Richard and Charity (Hinkson) Bibb, the former a na tive of Virginia who moved to Missouri where he married, later, 1818, removing .to Alabama, locating in what is now Elmore County, in 1835 going to Washington County, Texas, where he died; first cousin of Gov. William Wyatt Bibb (q. v.) and Gov. Thomas Bibb (q. v.) ; grand son of Robert Hinkson, an early settler of Mis souri, of Irish descent, and familiar with warfare in the northwest, and of James Bibb, a native of Virginia, who removed to Elbert County, Ga., where he died and left many des cendants. Richard J. Bibb was the eldest of nine children and was reared on his father's Elmore County farm. He began farming for himself at the age of eighteen and in 1847 re moved to Montgomery County where he lived until 1855. He then moved to Lowndes County where he remained until the War of Seces sion, returning at that time to Montgomery County. He was a Methodist Protestant. Mar ried: in 1835, to Elizabeth, daughter of Ephraim and Mary Spivey, both natives of North Caro lina, who came to Alabama, locating first in Elmore and later Coosa County; granddaughter of Aaron Spivey, a Revolutionary soldier. Children: 1. John M.; 2. William, d. young; 3. Mary C, d. young; 4. Thomas, d. young; 5. Richard, cadet at University of Alabama, 1862, first lieutenant, Grade's brigade, C. S. Army, killed in battle at Chickamauga; 6. Peyton, m. Isabel Tharpe, of Hope Hull; 7. Mattie, m. David Graves, parents of David Bibb Graves (q. v.) ; 8. Walter, d. young; 9. William. Last residence: Montgomery County. BIBB, SOPHIA LUCY ANN (GILMER), pat riotic worker, was born March 11, 1801, in Ogle thorpe County, Ga., and died January 9, 1887, in Montgomery; daughter of Thomas Meriwether and Elizabeth (Lewis) Gilmer, the former a native of Virignia, who removed to Georgia shortly after marrying, settled on the Broad River, where he became a successful planter, justice of the peace, member of the state legis lature, and who, in his youth, performed a tour of militia duty under Marquis de Lafay ette; sister of Gov. George R. Gilmer, of Geor gia; granddaughter of Peachy Ridgway and Mary (Meriwether) Gilmer, the former a native of Williamsburg, Va., a planter and slave owner who after marriage located at Lethe, Rocking ham County, and of Thomas and Jane (Stroth er) Lewis, the former a native Virginian, colo nial surveyor of Augusta County, delegate to the colonial convention held at Richmond, in 1775, commissioner of the Confederation, in 1777, member of the Virginia legislature, and of the Virginia convention which ratified the constitution of the United States; great-grand daughter of John and Margaret (Linn)' Lewis, the former a native of County Dublin, Ireland, who having had difficulties with the lord under whom he held his freehold lease, fled to Portu gal, but finding his life still in danger, escaped to America, where he was joined by his wife, pushed into the interior of Pennsylvania, and finally located east of Staunton, Va., where he surveyed many tracts of valuable land and built a fortified house, the latter of Loch Linn, Scotland, of Dr. George and Mary Peachy (Walker) Gilmer, the former a native of Edin burgh, Scotland, a physician by profession, who was employed by the London land company to look after their interests in Virginia, later set tling in Williamsburg where he practiced his profession, the latter a sister of Dr. Thomas Walker, a distinguished citizen of the Virginia colony, of William and Margaret (Watts) Strother, of Stafford, Va., and of Thomas and Elizabeth (Thornton) Meriwether, the latter the sister of Col. John Thornton, of Virginia; CHARLES HENDERSON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 147 great-great-granddaughter of David and Anne (Holmes) Meriwether, the former of Louisa County, Va., and a planter, who is buried on the east bank of the Ravanna River, near Char lottesville, Va.; great-great-great-granddaughter of George Holmes, of King and Queen County, Va., and of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Crawford) Meriwether, the former the first of the Meri- wethers of Wales to emigrate to America locat ing in New Kent County, Va., great-great-great- great-granddaughter of David Crawford, of As- sasquin, New Kent County, Va., and of Nicholas Meriwether, of Wales. Shortly after her mar riage they removed to Montgomery County and located on a large estate. During the War of Secession she ministered to the sick with her own hands throughout the four years. As presi dent of the Hospital association she proved her self a skilled leader and manager. She organ ized the Society for the burial of the dead, which later became the Ladies memorial asso ciation, of which she was unanimously made president and held this office until her death twenty-one years later. Under her management this association erected headstones over eight hundred soldiers buried in Oakwood cemetery, built a monument and chapel on the spot, as sisted liberally in the interment of soldiers on distant battle fields and erected the Confederate monument on Capitol hill. She was buried with every honor in Oakwood cemetery. She was a Methodist Protestant. Married: January 19, 1822, in Elbert County, Ga., to Judge Benajah S. Bibb (q. v.). Children: 1. William Joseph, m. Ann Rogers, of La Grange, Ga.; 2. George R., m. Mary E. Lipscomb; 3. Louisa S.; 4. Sarah E., m. (1) Dr. William T. Eldridge, (2) John Hutcheson; 5. Martha Dandridge, m. her cousin, Joseph B. Bibb (q. v.). Last residence: Mont gomery. BIBB, THOMAS, planter, merchant, member constitutional convention of 1819, president State senate, and acting governor of Alabama, was born in 1784, in Amelia County, Va., and died September 20, 1839, in Huntsville; son of William and Sally (Wyatt) Bibb; brother of Gov. William Wyatt Bibb (q. v.) ; Rev. Peyton Bibb (q. v.) ; John Dandridge Bibb (q. v.) I and of Benajah Smith Bibb (q. v.). He re ceived a good education in Elbert County, Ga., where he grew to manhood. In 1811 he remov ed to Madison County, then in the Mississippi territory where he became a planter and mer chant, later removing to Limestone County. He represented the latter county in the consti tutional convention of 1819 and the same year was elected to the senate of the new State. He was chosen as president of this body and thus succeeded his brother upon his death. He held this office until December, 1821, and in 1828 and 1829 was elected a representative to the State legislature. Married: Parmelia, daughter of Robert and Sarah (Watkins) Thompson, cou sins, the former a native of Amelia County, Va., who removed to Elbert County, Ga., later fo Belle Mina, Madison County, a merchant and planter; granddaughter of James and Martha (Thompson) Watkins, of Amelia County, Va., later of Georgia, and of Robert Thompson, of Chesterfield County, Va.; great-granddaughter of William and Martha Watkins of Chester field County, Va., and of Robert Thompson, goldsmith and planter, of Henrico, now Chester field County, Va. Children: 1. Adeline, m. Maj. James Bradley; 2. Emily, m. James Jay Pleasants; 3. Thomas, m. Anna Pickett; 4. Wil liam Dandridge, m. Mary Mitchell; 5. Porter, m. Mary Betts, parents of Capt. Porter Bibb (q. v.); 6. Elmira, m. Archibald E. Mills; 7. Robert Thompson, m. Anne Bradley; 8. Eliza Parmelia, m. Arthur Mosely Hopkins; and three who died in infancy. Last residence: Belle Mina. BIBB, WILLIAM CRAWFORD, jr., lawyer, was born February 27, 1854, in Montgomery and died May 5, 1903, in that place; son of William Crawford and Rebecca Lanier (Harris) Bibb, the former a native of Montgomery, who was in charge of the Confederate arsenal and fac tory for making munitions of war at Mont gomery, president South and North railroad, president Alabama insurance company, inventor of agricultural machinery, and introduced the use of the iron cotton tie in Alabama; grand son of John Dandridge and Mary Xenia (Oliver) Bibb (q. v.) and of Gen. Jeptha V. and Sarah (Hunt) Harris, the former of Athens, Ga., and an officer in the Confederate Army; great- grandson of Walton and Rebecca (Lanier) Har ris, of Brunswick County, Va., and of Richard son and Nancy Hunt, of Virginia who lived in Elberton, Ga.; great-great-grandson of Nathan and Catherine (Walton) Harris, of Brunswick County, Va., and of Sampson Lanier of Surrey County, Va.; great-great-great-grandson of Ed ward Harris; great-great-great-great-grandson of Henry Harris, who came from Glamorgan, Wales, to Virginia, and became a Dissenter and Baptist preacher. William C. Bibb was educated in the private schools of Montgomery and grad uated in 1872 from the University of Georgia with the degree of B. S. He studied law in the office of Col. J. A. Billups, of Madison, Ga., and was admitted to the bar, locating in Mont gomery, in 1885. He laid out and founded Ve suvius and Highland Park, which have since become a part of Montgomery. He was the first mayor of Highland Park, now known as Oak Park. He was a member of the house of representatives in 1898 and was a lieutenant in Troop A, Alabama National Guard. He was a Mason; Knight of Pythias; Elk; Red Man. Married: November 9, 1887, to Martha, daugh ter of John W. and Mary Elizabeth (Somer- ville) Shepherd (q. v.). Children: 1. Evelyn Somerville, m. Junius Gait, Montgomery; 2. John Dandridge, m. Phoebe Caldwell, of Annis ton; 3. Rebecca Lanier, m. Julius King, Cleve land; 4. Mary Ellen, killed in automobile acci dent. Last residence: Montgomery. BIBB, WILLIAM GEORGE, physician, was born January 25, 1854, in Montgomery, and died May 31, 1902, in that city; son of Joseph Benajah and Martha Dandridge (Bibb) Bibb (q. v.), and brother of Peyton Benajah Bibb (q. v.). Dr. Bibb received his early education in the private schools of Montgomery; attend ed the University of Georgia; student, Univer sity of Alabama, 1871-72; medical student, Uni- 148 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY versity of Virginia, 1876; graduated July 5, 1877, with the M. D. degree from Vanderbilt university and from Bellevue hospital medical college, 1878. He spent the summer of 1877 visiting hospitals in Paris and was professor of materia medica and therapeutics, University of Tennessee, 1881, and Nashville medical col lege, 1882. While residing in Nashville he was surgeon of the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis railway. He returned to Montgomery, was city physician, 1890-98, and surgeon of the "Montgomery Greys," 1887. He was a Demo crat; Methodist; and a Woodman of the World. Married: June 25, 1878, in Nashville, to Susie Dunlap, daughter of James D. and Susanna (Dunlap) Porter, of that city, the former chief of staff of Major General B. F. Cheatham, C. S. Army, governor of Tennessee, 1876-80, first as sistant secretary of State during the first ad ministration of President Cleveland, and min ister to Chile during Cleveland's second term; granddaughter of Dr. Thomas Kennedy and Geraldine (Horton) Porter, the former a phy sician of Paris, Tenn.; great-granddaughter of William and Hannah (Kennedy) Porter, the former a descendant of John Porter, of War wickshire, England, who with his wife, Rosa, emigrated to America, settling in Massachusetts in 1628 and in Windsor, Conn., in 1639, and of Josiah and Nancy (White) Horton, the formers ancestors having emigrated from England to America in 1638. Children: 1. James Porter, physician, Montgomery; 2. Mattie Gilmer, m. W. T. Edmundson, Montgomery; 3. William George; 4. Frederick Lilienthal. Last resi dence: Montgomery. BIBB, WILLIAM WYATT, only governor of Alabama Territory and first governor of the State, was born October 2, 1781, in Amelia County, Va., and died July 10, 1820, in Autauga County, from the effects of a fall from his horse, which became frightened in a violent thunder storm; son of William and Sally (Wyatt) Bibb, the former of Hanover County, Va., who remov ed to Prince Edward County in 1774, served as a member of the convention in 1774-75, and of the committee of safety, Prince Edward County, 1775, captain in the Revolutionary Army, sher iff in 1789, removed to Elbert County, Ga., the same year, the latter a sister of Col. Joseph Wyatt, of Charlotte, Va., a relative of Mrs. Washington through the Dandridge family, a descendant of Sir Thomas Wyatt, of England, and of Gov. Francis Wyatt, of Virginia; brother of Gov. Thomas Bibb (q. v.) ; Rev. Peyton Bibb (q. v.); John Dandridge Bibb (q. v.); and of Benajah Smith Bibb (q. v.) ; grandson of John and Susannah (Bigger) Bibb, of Goochland County, Va.; great-grandson of Benjamin Bibb, a Huguenot who fled from Wales after the re vocation of the Edict of Nantes, locating in Hanover County, Va. He was educated at the University of Pennsylvania, graduated as a phy sician in 1801, and located at Petersburg, Ga., for the practice of his profession. He served in both the house and senate of the Georgia State legislature and was elected as a Democrat to the Ninth United States congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Spalding. He was re-elected to the Tenth, Elev enth, Twelfth, and Thirteenth congresses, serv ing from January 26, 1805, to November 6, 1813, when he resigned. He was elected to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Wil liam H. Crawford and served from November 6, 1813, to November 9, 1816, when he resigned because of his failure to receive the election for the next term of the senate. President Monroe appointed him governor of the newly formed Territory of Alabama and in April, 1817, he en tered upon his duties at St. Stephens. When the territory was admitted into the union as a State he was elected the first governor. He was inaugurated governor in Huntsville, November 9, 1819, but died a few months later. Married: to Mary, daughter of Col. Holman Freeman, of Wilkes County, Ga., of Revolutionary fame being a Whig leader under Gov. Elijah Clark, and sister of Fleming Freeman, an early Bap tist minister in Montgomery. Children: 1. George Bailey, unmarried; 2. Mary, m. Alfred Vernon Scott, of Montgomery. Last residence: Fort Jackson. BICKLEY, ELBERT LAFAYETTE, mer chant, was born June 30, 1843, in Clinch Val ley, Scott County, Va.; son of Charles Wesley and Mary P. (Burdine) Bickley of Virginia, the former a veteran of the War of 1812; grand son of Charles Bickley, a Revolutionary sol dier, and of Rev. Ezekiel Burdine, an itinerant Methodist preacher who from 1809 to 1812 trav eled a circuit, the territory of which now con stitutes the whole of the Holston conference; great-grandson of William Bickley, of Wil liamsburg, Va., a knight of the garter, of Northamptonshire, England, the first of the family to settle in America, arriving in 1670. Mr. Bickley received his early education in a log school house three miles from his father's home. He attended the Stony Point academy, 1861-62, and in the spring of the lat ter year joined the Confederate Army, going as special courier with Maj. Ben F. Brantley, Humphrey Marshall's brigade, and was with Gen. John H. Morgan at Perryville and Hick man, Ky., and in Bragg's campaign the fol lowing fall. He was transferred to the 54th Virginia cavalry regiment in 1863, and was with Gen. Joseph Wheeler through his Ten nessee and Alabama campaigns; served as adjutant 34th Virginia cavalry regiment. He was presented with a handsome sword for bravery in action. After the close of hostili ties Maj. Bickley returned to his home and during 1865 engaged in farming. He again entered school, at Rye Cave academy, in 1865- 66. The two following years he clerked in a store in Russell County and in 1869 entered the live stock business. He removed to Spring Valley, Colbert County, and began merchan dising and farming in 1872, and was also ap pointed postmaster. In 1888 he removed to Tuscumbia. He was a Mason, and Knight of Pythias. Married: Feb. 14, 1871, at Spring Valley, Sue, daughter of James and Sarah (Hodges) Jackson of that place. Residence: Tuscumbia. BIEDMA, LUYS HERNANDEZ DE, factor of the DeSoto expedition, traveler, chronicler, ex- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 149 plorer. Except his brief account of his par ticipation in the DeSoto and DeLuna expedi tions, in his travels through this State, 1539- 41, and 1565, nothing is known of his personal history. On leaving the country, Biedma was a captain in the second caravel, after the death of DeSoto, and in the DeLuna expedition we find a Captain Biedma, whom it is safely as sumed is the Luys of the DeSoto company. The Biedma account of the DeSoto trip was first published in a French version by Ternox, in 1841, and later the Hakluyt Society pub lished an English version, Buckingham Smith translated it from original Spanish, and it was published by the Bradford Club in 1866. The Bourne edition of the DeSoto Narratives, 1904, also carries this account. BIENVILLE, JEAN BAPTISTE LE MOYNE, SIEUR DE, explorer and colonist; was born February 23, 1680, in Montreal, Canada, and died March 7, 1768, in France; son of Charles Le Moyne, Sieur de Longueuil and Catherine (Tierry) Primot Le Moyne; grandson of Pierre and Judith (Duchesne) Le Moyne; brother of Pierre Le Moyne Iberville (q. v.). In 1690, on being left an orphan, he made his home with his brother Charles, Sieur, later Baron of Longueuil, on whose death in 1691 he suc ceeded to the title, then being known as de Bienville. He saw service both in the French army and navy, and as early as 1697 was mid shipman serving under his brother Iberville. He accompanied him later to France, and in 1699 they took part in the expedition to the mouth of the Mississippi River, having left Brest, October 24, 1698, and established a camp at Biloxi, in February, 1699. After some exploration work among the Indians, and in the Gulf country, on August 22, 1701, he took command of the camp at Biloxi, and Decem ber of the same year, was ordered to Mobile, where he made a settlement, serving under his brother Iberville, the first governor of Louis iana. Mobile was continued as the seat of government until 1723, and during that time Bienville was active in the service of the col ony over which he was governor on more than one occasion, but on account of having charges preferred against him, in 1708, 1713, 1724 and 1740, he was returned to France. On each occasion, he was restored to favor, and in each case returned with a higher rank. In 1714, the expedition under him, ascended the Ala bama River, and established Fort Toulouse. In 1716, while lieutenant governor of the colony under Cadillac, who had been made governor in June, 1713, he quarreled with the new gov ernor and was sent among the Natchez Indians to make a settlement. He established a fort and provoked a war, but in August of the same year, a treaty was made. He returned to Mo bile in October and was in command of the colony until the arrival of De l'Epinay, the new governor, in March, 1717. At this time he was decorated with the Cross of St. Louis. He served as lieutenant governor under De l'Epinay, until the latter was recalled in 1718, when Bienville was made commandant-general. He founded the city of New Orleans in 1718, and transferred the seat of government of the colony from Mobile to this point in 1723. On February 16, 1724, he had charges preferred against him and was summoned to France. Although he returned to Louisiana as gover nor, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, Jan uary, 1733, he had no further association with Alabama. He returned to France in 1743, and spent his last years in retirement. His body rests in Montmartre cemetery, Paris. Last resi dence : Paris. BIG WARRIOR, Creek Chief. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. BILBRO, JAMES ANDREW, lawyer, was born February 20, 1844, at Tuskegee, Macon County; son of John Berryman and Anne Lumpkin (Rutledge) Bilbro, the former born in Surry County, Va., removed to Talbotton, Ga., where he married, and in 1842 located in Tuskegee, was clerk of circuit court of Macon County about eighteen years, was treasurer of the county twenty-five years, which office he held at the date of his death, December 24, 1908; grandson of Benjamin Bilbro, of Vir ginia, and of William Owen and Elizabeth (Partridge) Rutledge, the former a member of the noted Rutledge family of South Carolina, who was born May 30, 1790, in Harris County, Ga. Judge Bilbro was educated at the Tuske gee institute under noted teachers, one being E. M. Law, afterward a distinguished Confed erate general, and who with his brother, had charge of the military department of the in stitute. Judge Bilbro was captain of one of the companies in 1860 and 1861. He studied law in 1868-1870, in Tuskegee, under David Clopton, afterwards associate justice of the su preme court; began the practice, 1870, re moved to Gadsden in 1889; six years county solicitor of Macon County from 1872; mayor of Tuskegee, 1882-83; a member of the legis lature, 1884-85; judge of the 9th judicial cir cuit from August 1, 1894 to January 19, 1905; elected judge of 16th circuit under "Lusk bill" but did not serve, as it was declared unconsti tutional; judge of the city court of Gadsden, 1910-16; was a member of the board of trus tees, Alabama polytechnic institute at Auburn for 10 years. In April 1861, he joined the Tus kegee light infantry, which became a part of the famous Third Alabama infantry regiment, under Col. Tennent Lomax; was in the Army of Northern Virginia until May 1862, when he was discharged on account of ill health; was then appointed lieutenant in camp of instruc tion and held this position until close of the war. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a Ma son, an Odd Fellow, and a Knight of Pythias. Married: April 24, 1866, at Tuskegee, to Fran- cina A., daughter of Chancellor Wylie Wash ington and Matilda Warren (Catchings) Ma son, the latter was born at the homestead of her grandmother, Mrs. Wilfred Catchings, in Washington, Ga., was twice married: first to Col. John C. McNeil; and after his death to Chancellor Wylie W. Mason; granddaughter of John Clarke Mason, a Welsh nobleman of Gus- ton Hall, Wales. Children: 1. James Early; 2. Mathilde; 3. John B.; 4. Wiley Mason. Resi dence : Gadsden. 150 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY BILLING, FAY McCULLOCK, banker, was born October 26, 1846, at Columbus, Muskogee County, Ga.; son of Dr. Samuel Aydelotte and Mary Hulit (Cook) Billing, natives of South Carolina and Georgia respectively, who resided in Columbus, Ga.; grandson of Samuel and Elizabeth (McCullock) Billing of Charleston, S. C, the former a native of Bennington, Vt., and of Samuel Cook of Clinton and Eatonton, Ga. The paternal great-grandfather Billing was a major in the Revolutionary War, and his widow, Beulah Billing resided at Benning ton, Vt., after her husband's death. Fay Mc Cullock Billing received his preparatory edu cation in Columbus, Ga., and attended the Uni versity of Alabama, 1862-64. In 1865, he re moved to Montgomery and entered the bank ing house of Josiah Morris and company. After the retirement of Mr. Morris from active busi ness he became president of the bank. He is a Democrat, an Episcopalian and a Mason. Married: (1) August 12, 1873, to Lucy Noble, of New Orleans, La., daughter of John Irby and Martha Summerville Noble; (2) October 31, 1894, at Montgomery, to Sarah Swope, daugh ter of John McGehee and Amelia Catherine (Forney) Wyly, of that place; granddaughter of John and Sarah Swope (Hoke) Forney and of Benjamin Cleveland and Ann (McGehee) Wyly; great-granddaughter of Gen. Peter For ney and of Gen. John Sevier, both of Revolu tionary fame. Children: By the first mar riage: 1. Samuel Aydelotte, physician, Mont gomery; 2. Lucy Noble, m. William R. Cath- cart of South Carolina, resides in Hackensack, N. J.; 3. Josiah Morris, m. Ethel Harwell, Montgomery; 4, Noble Irby; by the second marriage: 5. Wyly McGehee; 6. Fay McCul lock. Residence : Montgomery. BILLINGSLEA, CLEMENT, physician, was born in Greene County, Ga., April 24, 1794, and died in Marion, while on a visit to his daugh ter, July 5, 1870; son of William and Sarah (Turner) Billingslea, the former a pioneer settler of Georgia, who built his house in Greene County as a fort for protection against the Indians; grandson of James Clement and Mary (Smith) Billingslea, who moved from Maryland in 1773, to Georgia, settled in Wilkes County, later in Jones County; owned land in Wilkes, Jones, Macon and Oglethorpe Counties, and was an extensive planter; and a descend ant of Francis Billingslea, who emigrated to America from England before 1657, and settled on the eastern shore of Maryland. His parents having died while he was a young boy, he and his half sister, Sarah Foster, who married Judge Graham, of Prattville, were taken into the home of their uncle, Francis Billingslea, of Wilkes County. Dr. Billingslea was educated in the schools of Washington, Ga., and later re ceived the degree of M. D. from the Philadel phia medical college. He began the practice of medicine in Washington, Ga.; removed to Mont gomery about 1819, and resumed his practice there. Later he purchased a plantation of three thousand acres on the Tallapoosa River, near Montgomery. Here he built a colonial home, the Mt. Ararat, and built up a large practice embracing Montgomery, Wetumpka and the adjacent country. He represented Montgomery County in the legislature 1845; was a mem ber of the State medical board, and a trustee of the University of Alabama. He removed with his family to Marion in December 1847, in order that his children might have the edu cational advantages offered by Howard col lege and Judson institute. He bought the prac tice of Dr. Reid, and enjoyed a large and lu crative patronage. He spent a few years in Selma; purchased a home on the coast, near Mobile, and resided there for a few years, finally removing to a plantation near Galveston, Tex. He was a Baptist. Married: (1) March 6, 1816, at Washington, Ga., to Lucy Boiling Anthony; (2) May 13, 1819, to Sarah A. Lane, a first cousin of his deceased wife, and a descendant of Sir Ralph Lane, an early Cblonial governor; (3) March 21, 1844, to Mrs. Martin Louisa (Byrd) Faulkner; and (4) October 15, 1851, at Selma, to Mrs. Elizabeth D. Douglas. The nine chil dren of Dr. Billingslea were born at Mt. Ara rat, and two sons, two daughters, and their mother, the second wife, were buried there. Only one child survived Dr. Billingslea. Chil dren: 1. William Bibb, lawyer of Montgomery; graduate of the University of Alabama, A. B., 1840; m. Keturah Guild, of Tuscaloosa; d. De cember 11, 1844; 2. James Clement, physician of Augusta, Ark., student at the University of Alabama, 1843, private in Mexican War, M. D. (college unknown), m. Mary Wooley, of Fosters, d. December 25, 1869; 3. Lucy Boiling, m. Dr. Joshua Hill Foster (q. v.) ; 4. Emily, m. Judge John Moore (q. v.), mother of John Trotwood Moore (q. v.). Last residence: Gal veston, Texas. BILLINGSLEY, CLEMENT, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 84, and residing in Autauga County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pen sioners, 1841, p. 149. BINFORD, HENRY ARTHUR, physician, was born February 17, 1811, in Virginia, and died April 15, 1875, at Huntsville; son of Peter and Grace Dameron (Lee) Binford, who re moved from Virginia to Indian Creek, Madison County, seven miles from Huntsville. He was a member of the distinguished Lee and Binford families of Virginia, and was closely related to Gen. Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army. He received his academic education in Huntsville, and graduated in medicine from the University of Pennsylvania, in 1835, his professional career proving eminently successful and extending over a period of forty years. He was a Demo crat and a Methodist. Married: October 20, 1836, at Huntsville, to Sarah Elizabeth, daugh ter of Thomas and Eliza (Sample) Brandon. Children: 1. Cornelia C, m. Dr. J. J. Dement, (q. v.) Last residence: Huntsville. BINGHAM, ARTHUR, cabinet maker, col lector internal revenue and State treasurer, was born July 22, 1819, in New York City, and died May 29, 1894, at Talladega; son of Sam uel and Margaret (Archer) Bingham, the for mer a native of County Down, Ireland, who emigrated to New York about 1796. Arthur Bingham first came South in 1841 but returned DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 151 to New York and the following year removed to Philadelphia and became a cabinet maker. He finally located in Alabama, where he passed the remainder of his life. He was educated in New York. He was appointed assistant asses sor of internal revenue by President Andrew Johnson, 1866; was member of the Alabama constitutional convention, 1867; State treas urer, 1868-70-72-74; and was appointed col lector internal revenue, 1886, serving one term. He was originally a Whig, but as he was un alterably opposed to secession, he joined the Republican party. He was an Episcopalian. Married: (1) in 1842, in Delaware County, Pa., to Jane, daughter of Robert and Rachael (Win ter) McKibbon of that place, of ancestry that came to America from Paisley, Scotland, 1831; (2) Elizabeth . Children: 1. Mary Josephine; 2. Henry C; 3. Samuel R.; 4. Thom as C; 5. John A.; 6. Julian H. Last residence: Talladega. BINGHAM, SAMUEL, farmer, was born April 12, 1780, in Marion County, S. C, and died February 21, 1844, at his home in Sum ter County. He came to America from Ireland with his parents soon after the Revolutionary War, settling in Georgetown District, S. C, and was on both lines of his ancestry of Scotch-Irish stock. He secured his education in the common schools of his adopted country and became a liberal scholar. He was a suc cessful farmer and a citizen of wide influence. He was sheriff of his county in South Carolina for a term of years. During the war of 1812, he was a colonel of a regiment and rendered valuable service on the South Carolina coast. He was a man of handsome physique, being six feet two inches in height. He removed to Sumter County, 1837. He was a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: April 1, 1813, in Marion District, S. C, to Mary Muldrow, a Presbyterian, of Scotch descent. Children: 1. Elizabeth J.; 2. Agnes; 3. Mary Elizabeth, m. Abner Haile, Greene County; 4. Margaret Caro line, m. John Boone of Choctaw County; 5. Sophronia Imogen, m. William Peteet of Sum ter County; 6. Robert M., U. S. soldier in Mex ican War and died at Vera Cruz; 7. Elizabeth Agnes, m. Rev. W. C. Emerson; 8. John Mul drow; 9. Samuel James, (q. v.) ; 10. Matthew Ellison; 11. Louisa Jane, m. (1) Rev. Robert W. Hadden; (2) Rev. James H. Alexander; 12. William Boyd, m. E. E. Turnipseed. Col. Bingham was the progenitor of a sturdy line of scions and patriotic offsprings. Two of his sons and one grandson became Presbyterian ministers, and two of his daughters became wives of Presbyterian ministers. Six grand sons are ruling elders in as many Presbyte rian churches. Last residence: Elizabeth, Sum ter County. BINGHAM, SAMUEL JAMES, Presbyterian minister, was born December 6, 1829, in Mar ion District, S. C, and died July 28, 1881, at Healing Springs, Washington County, and was buried at Enterprise, Miss.; son of Samuel and Mary (Muldrow) Bingham (q. v.). He re ceived his early education in the country schools of Sumter County, and was graduated from Oglethorpe university, Ga., July 1852. He was trained for the ministry at Columbia theo logical seminary, S. C, from which he was graduated, June 1856. He was licensed to preach by the Tuscaloosa Presbytery at Liv ingston, June 1856, and served a group of churches in Sumter County for twelve years. He then served a group of churches in Jasper County, Miss., ten years. His last pastorate was at Mosspoint, Miss., where he served three years. He built up many weak churches and was the instrument of many conversions. Mar ried: April 12, 1853, Martha Jane, daughter of Reverend Isaac Hadden, a Presbyterian min ister, native of S. C, who removed to Sumter County about 1835. Children: 1. William Elli son (q. v.), m. Nannie Hendricks, of Tusca loosa; 2. Mary Laura, m. P. D. Noah of Kosci usko County, Miss.; 3. Linnie Stillman, m. Robert W. Cowan; 4. Robert Hadden, m. Char lotte Scott; 5. James Alexander. Last resi dence: Mosspoint, Miss. BINGHAM, WILLIAM ELLISON, druggist, was born December 16, 1853, in Sumter County; son of Rev. Samuel James and Martha Jane (Hadden) Bingham (q. v.). He attended school at Garlandville and Meridian, Miss., and graduated with the degree of A. B., at the University of Mississippi 1876. He taught school, 1876-77; entered the drug business at Moss Point, Miss., removed to Northport, 1883, and conducted a drug busi ness there until 1888 at which time he re moved to Tuscaloosa where he now re sides. He was a member of the board of alder men, 1908-09; president city council, 1910-1911; appointed member of State pharmacy board for two years by Governor B. B. Comer and reap pointed by Governor Emmet O'Neal for five years, and was chairman of the committee that drafted the present pharmacy laws of the state, looking to the abolishment of the sales of nar cotics, and placing the handling of drugs and medicine in hands of competent licensed drug gists only. He is a Democrat, a Presbyterian, a Mason, Knight of Pythias and Odd Fellow. Married: December 3, 1878, at Talladega, to Nannie Harding, daughter of William Yancey and Julia Ann (Hardy) Hendrick, of that place. Children: 1. James Yancey; 2. Ray mond Mclnnis; 3, Ellison Harding, m. Rose mary Hairston, Tuscaloosa; 4. Estelle Hen drick, m. E. Greer Wilson, Charlotte, N. C. Residence: Tuscaloosa. BIRCH, ALEXANDER CLITHERALL, law yer, was born January 21, 1876, at Opelika; son of George Anthony and Allie Bergwynne (Cli- therall) Birch, the former a native of Macon, Ga., and a wholesale grocer in Montgomery; grandson of Edmund Pendleton and Margaret McCree (Douglass) Birch, of Georgia and Ala bama, the former a Methodist minister and the author of poems extensively published during the War of Secession, the latter a native of Scot land, and a descendant of the famous "Red Douglas" family; and of Judge Alexander B. and Kathryne (Hayes) Clitherall, of Montgom ery, the former was the son of Admiral Clith erall of the U. S. Navy, and of a Miss Berg wynne, of French nobility. He was assistant 152 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY secretary to the Confederate congress, register of the treasury, C. S. A., and colonel in the C. S. Army. Alexander Clitherall Birch was edu cated in the public schools of Montgomery, was graduated from the University of Alabama, B. S., 1896, and from Washington and Lee Uni versity, Lexington, Va., cum laude, LL.B., 1897. He began to practice law at Montgomery, 1898, in association with Thomas G. and Charles P. Jones. He moved to Birmingham, and after practicing law there for some time, became U. S. Commissioner at that city from 1903 to 1905. He resigned to accept the office of referee in bankruptcy, which position he still holds, under joint appointment of Judges Jones and Grubb. He is a Republican, a member of the state executive committee, and was a delegate to the national convention in 1912. He was recently the nominee for attorney general. He is an Episcopalian and a member of Sigma Nu college fraternity. Married: November 6, 1907, at Birmingham, George Weatherly, daughter of James and Florence (Milner) Weatherly; granddaughter of Col. James J. Milner, one of the founders of Birmingham. Children: 1. Florence Milner, Birmingham. Residence: Bir mingham. BIRD, JOHN, soldier of the American Revo lution, private, particular service not disclosed; enrolled on January 10, 1837, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832; annual allowance, $23.33; no record of any payments having been made. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. BIRD, WILL E., lawyer, of old Cahaba. Author: "A general index of the statute laws of the State of Alabama," printed at the office of the "Southern Democrat," 1838. Last resi dence : Cahaba. BIRNEY, JAMES GILLESPIE, abolitionist, was born at Danville, Ky., February 4, 1792, and died at Eagleswood, N. J., November 25, 1857; son of James and Martha (Read) Bir- ney, the former born near Cootehill, County Cavan, Ireland, who in 1783 emigrated to America when a lad of sixteen, spent several years in Philadelphia, finally locating in Dan ville, Ky., where he became a most successful banker and merchant; grandson of John and Letitia (Wilcox) Read, the former a native of Londonderry, Ireland, who emigrated to America as early as 1779, as a consequence of the discovery of some political intrigue of his against the British government, and who settled near Danville, Ky., where he built a fort and became one of the leading men of that section. Mr. Birney received his early education under the direction of his father, his mother having died when he was only three years of age; at the age of eleven, was sent to Transylvania University, Lexington, where he remained until the fall of 1806, at that date returning to Danville and entering the semi nary conducted by Dr. James Priestly. He remained in Danville for two years; entered the college of New Jersey, now Princeton uni versity, where he graduated with second hon ors, A. B., 1810; returned home for a few months; and later was received as a student in the law office of Alexander J. Dallas, a cele brated lawyer and the United States district attorney of Philadelphia, where he remained for three and a half years. He began the practice of law in Danville, May, 1814, deriv ing his income from settling claims and as attorney for the Danville bank. In August 1816, he was elected a member of the Ken tucky house of representatives. At the end of the session he decided to move with his family to Alabama, having visited that State and having bought a plantation in Madison County, near Triana and on the Tennessee River, and within two hours' ride of Huntsville. Soon after he reached the territory the Con stitutional convention convened in 1819, and he was instrumental in causing the incorpo ration of provisions in the constitution which empowered the general assembly to free slaves by purchase, forbidding the bringing of slaves into the State for sale, and in securing more humane treatment for slaves. He was one of the representatives from Madison County in the first State legislature, 1819. By his opposition to the adoption of a joint resolu tion incident to the visit of Gen. Andrew Jack son to Alabama, his promising political career in this State was closed. In 1823, having proved unsuccessful as a planter, he took up his residence in Huntsville, and began the practice of law. The general assembly in 1823 elected him as solicitor for the fifth circuit, an office he held until 1826, when he resigned and entered into partnership with Arthur F. Hopkins. He served as mayor of Huntsville for two terms; was a trustee of the Greene academy, Huntsville; in 1823, organized the Huntsville library company, and in 1826 be came attorney or legal protector of the Chero kee nation, which at that time occupied the northeastern part of the State; about the same date becoming interested in the American colo nization society; and was president elector on the Whig, or Adams and Rush, ticket. In the summer of 1830 he was unanimously requested by the board of trustees of the University of Alabama to visit the Atlantic States in order to select a president and four professors for the new institution. He accepted the com mission, and as soon as this was known, his co-trustees of the Huntsville female seminary requested him to act for them in the selection of teachers. He spent some time in the North, extending his trip to Massachusetts and suc ceeding in securing many well known educa tors, among these, Rev. Dr. Alva Woods, as president, and Henry Tutwiler, professor for the university. On August 23, 1832, he accepted a commission as agent of the American colonization society for the southwestern district and about November 15, of that year he returned with his family to his native county in Kentucky and purchased a farm near Danville. Hardly had he reached his new home when he began the or ganization of a State society for emancipa tion, but public opinion, influenced by Henry Clay, had changed during his absence and he found few supporters. He freed his slaves in 1834, and the following year succeeded in es tablishing an anti-slavery society in Kentucky and desired to publish his paper "The Philan thropist," in Danville, but the citizens being ALEXANDER T. LONDON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 155 so violently opposed he removed to Cincinnati, where the first issue appeared January 1, 1836. In 1837, he was appointed secretary of the American anti-slavery society and this neces sitated his removal to New York, where he became the real leader of the "constitutional" abolitionists. In 1840 and 1844 he was aboli tion nominee for president on the Liberty party ticket, in the first instance receiving 7,369 votes and in the second 62,263. He purchased a large tract of land on the Saginaw River, Mich., 1840, where he removed in 1844 and where in 1845, he suffered an unfortunate accident resulting in paralysis and causing his withdrawal from public life. He removed to Eagleswood, near Perth Amboy, about 1853, and made this his home until his death in 1857. He was a Presbyterian and a Mason. Author: "Ten letters on slavery and coloniza tion," 1832-33; "Six essays on slavery and colonization," 1833; "Letter on colonization," 1834; "Letter to the Presbyterian church." 1834; "Addresses and speeches," 1835; "Vin dication of the abolitionists," 1835; "Letter to Colonel Stone," 1836; "Address to slavehold ers," 1836; "Argument on fugitive slave case," 1837; "Letter to F. H. Elmore," 1838; "Report on the duty of political action," 1839; "Political obligations of abolitionists," 1839; "American churches the bulwarks of Ameri can slavery," 1840; "Speeches in England," 1840; "Examination of the decision of the United States supreme court in the case of Strader et al v. Graham," 1850; and many newspaper and magazine articles. Married: (1) February 1, 1816, to Agatha, daughter of Judge William and Mary (McClung) McDon nell, the former United States district judge, the latter, a niece of George Madison, governor of Kentucky, and of Bishop Madison of Virginia; (2) November 1841, to Elizabeth Fitzhugh. Children: 1. James, teacher at Miami uni versity, 1837-38; lawyer, Republican, senator in Michigan legislature, 1858, lieutenant-gov ernor, 1860, circuit judge, editor of the "Bay City Chronicle," U. S. minister at the Hague, m. at New Haven, Conn., to Miss Moulton, step-daughter of Nathaniel Bacon, of that city; 2. William, lawyer, anti-slavery lecturer, pro fessor of the English language in the Uni versity of France, 1848, captain, later brevet- ted major-general, U. S. volunteers, War of Secession, founder and editor of "The Regis ter," collaborator in Waiters' history of the church, for the first two centuries of the Christian era, author of "James G. Birney and his times, the genesis of the Republican party," 1890; 3. Dion, physician, captain U. S. volunteers, War of Secession, d. 1862; 4. David Bell, lawyer and publisher, recruited the 23rd Pennsylvania volunteer regiment, ap pointed lieutenant-colonel, brigadier and major general, d. 1864; 5. George, d. in early man hood; 6. Florence, m. Charles Jemison, of Bay City, Mich.; 7. Fitzhugh, major U. S. volun teers, War of Secession, d. 1863. Last resi dence: Eagleswood, N. J. BISHOP, JAMES LEWALLAN, lawyer, was born October 4, 1864, in Howard County, Mo.; son of James Lewallan, and Evelyn Anvil Vol. Ill— 11 (Crews) Bishop, the former a native of Win chester, Ky., lived at Glascow, Howard County, Mo., and enlisted in the U. S. Army, in the War of Secession, was shot by accident at Memphis, Tenn., June 21, 1864, and died a month later; grandson of Levan and Judith (Boothe) Bishop, of Boone County, Mo., and of Daniel and Ma tilda (Maupin) Crews of Howard County, Mo.; great-grandson of James L..'and Elizabeth (Hill) Bishop, of Bishopville, Mdvand of David and Elizabeth (Maupin) Crews, who were first cousins and grandchildren of Daniel and Eliza beth (Gentry) Maupin, direct descendants of Gabriel and Marie (Spencer) Maupin, the for mer a French general who escaped to England and emigrated to Virginia in 1700. James Le wallan Bishop was educated in the public schools at Trenton, Mo., in Central University, Richmond, Ky., and was graduated from the University of Missouri, LL.B., 1886. He was admitted to the bar in Grundy County, Mo., 1886, and moved to Selma the next year, where he began to practice. He has continued to prac tice in that city, and served a term as city attor ney in 1896. He is a Democrat and a Presby terian. Married: October 30, 1889, at Selma, Agnes Wickfield Ware, daughter of Dr. Edward Alexander Oglethorp and Sarah Jane (Hooper) Ware, of Vann's Valley, Ga. Children: 1. Jen nie Hooper, d. in infancy; 2. James Lewallan, d. at age of nine; 3. Mary Hooper, d. at age of fourteen; 4. Evelyn Penn, b. May 20, 1904. Residence: Selma. BISHOP, JOHN WEBSTER, circuit solicitor, judge City court and mayor, was born Decem ber 19, 1831, and died in Talladega, October 10, 1900; son of Lewis and Susan (Mynatt) Bish op, of Knoxville, Tenn., early settlers of Talla dega County. Judge Bishop worked his way through the University of Alabama, graduating with the A. B. degree, 1854. He began the practice of law at Talladega; was a member of the house of representatives, 1842-43, from Tal ladega County; a member of the 51st Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army; circuit solicitor, 1866; judge of the city court, 1893-97; and later mayor of Talladega. He was a Baptist and a Democrat. Married: (1) August 1860, to Oliv ia, and (2) December 30, 1867, to Ophelia, daughters of James and Sarah (Orr) Montgom ery, both natives of South Carolina, but later residents of Alabama. Children: 1. Wallace Reverdy, graduate Alabama polytechnic insti tute, B. S., 1893; Tulane university, M. D., 1895, practiced one year in Talladega; certifi cate from New York post graduate medical school, 1896, certificate from New York poly clinic, 1900, practicing physician, Talladega, since 1900, m. in January 1901, to Virginia, daughter of L. A. Camp, a prominent railroad official of Columbus, Ga.; 2. Susie Olive; 3. Sarah James, m. Frank Clarke McAlpine; 4. d. in infancy. Last residence: Talladega. BISHOP, WYATT, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 76, and a resident of Frank lin County; private Virginia Militia; enrolled on November 15, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 156 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 4, 1831; annual allowance, $36.66; sums re ceived to date of publication of list, $109.98. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BIZE, MARSHALL LEONARD, chemipt, graduate of the Alabama polytechnic institute, B. S. degree, 1903. In 1913 he was in charge of the pharmaceutical laboratory of Doster-North- mgton drug company of Birmingham. SJLACK, DAVID, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 80, resided in Fayette County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. BLACK, GEORGE HENRY, merchant, was born in 1838 in County Cavan, Ireland, the birthplace of Gen. Phil Sheridan, cavalry leader of the U. S. Army during the War of Secession. He was brought to America in 1839 by his par ents who settled in Chambers County. He received his education in such schools as the country afforded in those days, and at the out break of the War of Secession, enlisted in Co. A., Seventh Alabama regiment, of which he was commissioned second lieutenant. This regi ment was organized in June, 1861, and served with distinction at the bombardment of Pensa cola, October 9, 1861. Mr. Black is said to have fired the first shot at the battle of Chick- amauga. After the war he returned to his home in Lafayette, and went to work to retrieve his fortunes and aid in the reconstruction of his country. He was at one time the leading mer chant of his section, and has contributed many interesting articles to the local press regarding past events and the history of his county. Married. Children: Two daughters and three sons, the youngest of whom is agent for the Central Railroad of Georgia, at Lafayette. Residence: Lafayette. BLACK, JAMES, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Greene County; private N. C. Continental Line; en rolled on July 2, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $60.80; sums received to date of publication of list, $180. — Revolution ary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BLACK, WILLIAM HENRY, business man, was born March 4, 1838, at Springfield, Clark County, O., and died June 30, 1901, at Union Springs; son of Robert and Sarah (Deffen- baugh) Black, the former born on the way to America from Ireland; grandson of John Black of Springfield, O., and of Solomon Deffenbaugh of Zanesville, O. He received his schooling in Wittenburg College, Springfield, O., but did not graduate. When he was sixteen years old, he moved to Ottawa, 111., where he was living at the beginning of the War of Secession. He enlisted in the Seventy-second Illinois infantry regiment, U. S. Army, as a private, August, 1862. He was promoted to a second lieutenancy and later was made first lieutenant. He served throughout the remain der of the war, and at the surrender, was cap tain of Co. B of the Seventy-second regiment. After the close of the war, he moved to the South, and located at Union Springs, where he became engaged in planting. He represented the seventh election district of Macon, now Bul lock County, in the constitutional convention of Alabama of 1867. He also served as probate judge of Bullock County. He was a Republi can and a member of the Presbyterian church. He continued to devote his attention to his planting interests until his death. Married: Elizabeth Florida, daughter of Judge John and Emily Rea, who lived at Talla hassee, Fla. She is a descendant of General John Rea, who fought in the Revolutionary War. Children: 1. Sadie Emily, m. John R. Caine, resides at Thorsby; 2. William Forbes, m. Landis Prince, resides at Montgomery. Last residence: Union Springs. BLACKBOURN, CLEMENT, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 80, resided in Madi son County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pension ers, 1841, p. 148. BLACKBURN, BENJAMIN, soldier of the American Revolution, age not stated, and a resi dent of Tuscaloosa County; private Lewis's regiment; date of enrollment not given, pay ment to date from April 1, 1810; annual al lowance, $60; sums received, $363.90; trans ferred from Tennessee September 4, 1819; or April 24, 1816, rate increased to annual allow ance of $96, under which the sum of $1,715.18 received to date of publication of list. — Revo lutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv. Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BLACKBURN, FELIX EDWARD, lawyer, was born at Hamburg, Perry County, August 24, 1867, son of Edward and Lorena Mildred (Howard) Blackburn; and grandson of Asa J. and Elizabeth Howard, of Oglethorpe County, Ga. He entered the University of Alabama in 1885, and graduated, A. B., 1888. In 1889 he matriculated in law at the University, but did not graduate. Since 1891 he has practiced law at Birmingham. He was elected a member of the legislature of 1903. In the European War he held appointment in the judge advocate general's department. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: April 21, 1897, at Elyton, Ala., to Katherine, daughter of Dr. Alfred and Sarah E. (Brown) Eubank, one of the oldest families of Jefferson County. Children: 1. Felix Edward, jr.; 2. Mildred; 3. Katherine. Residence: Birmingham. BLACKBURN, JOHN NELSON, Presbyterian minister, was born September 3, 1809, in east Tennessee, and died September 2, 1886, at Athens; son of Edward and Margaret (McGirk) Blackburn who lived at Dandridge, Tenn., the former a native of east Tennessee, born June 3, 1780, the latter born October 19, 1779; grand son of John and Jenett (Mathews) Blackburn, natives of Virginia, both of Scotch-Irish par entage, the former born in 1741, the latter July 20, 1747. The Blackburn family was prominent in the Presbyterian church in the days of Mary, Queen of Scots. According to tradition, a part DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 157 of the family went to the north of Ireland, and from there a number went to Virginia, and settled on Black River. From that place they scattered all over the United States. Rev. Blackburn passed his early life in Tennessee, and secured his education through many diffi culties. After the death of his first wife, he entered Maryville College and Seminary, No vember 1, 1844, and was graduated in 1850, from the theological course. He was licensed to preach in the year of his graduation by the Union Presbytery at Ensebia Church in Blount County, Tenn., and was ordained October 5, 1850, at Rutledge, Tenn. His first charge was in Benton and St. John's churches, Polk County, Tenn. He began to preach there July 1, 1850; in 1853, bought a farm near Benton; and began teaching in Benton Female Academy, October 1856, in addition to his work as a minister. He resigned from the academy in 1859, and moved to Green County, Tenn., in 1861, to assume the pastorate of Mt. Zion church. In 1865 he moved to Cornersville, Tenn., and the following year, to north Alabama, locating at Athens, where he did mission work until his death. He or ganized the only Presbyterian church in Lime stone County. He was a Democrat. Married: (1) in 1831, in east Tennessee, Martha J. C. Morrow; (2) 1850, in Benton, Tenn., Eliza Jane Armbrister; (3) 1869, at Athens, Mrs. Eliza Sloss Jones. Children, by first marriage; 1. Calvin C, b. 1832, deceased; 2. Sarah P., b. 1833, m. Rufus McClary, Cicero, Tex.; 3. Ed ward A., b. 1840, m. Annie Crenshaw, both deceased ; by second marriage ; 4. John Armbris ter, b. 1851, deceased; 5. Martha Jane, b. 1853, deceased; 6. James Caswell, b. 1854, deceased. 7. George Andrew, b. 1861, Presbyterian min ister in charge of Arsenal Hill Presbyterian church, at Columbia, S. C; 8. Daniel Asa, b. 1864, deceased. Last residence: Athens. BLACKFORD, EUGENE, major, 5th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. BLACKMON, FREDERICK LEONARD, law yer and representative in Congress, was born September 15, 1873, in Polk County, Ga.; died February 8, 1921, at Bartow, Fla., and is buried in Anniston; son of Dr. Augustus Young and Sallie Ann (Ross) Blackmon, of Bowdon, Ga., the former a practicing physician in Gwinnett County, Ga., and during the War of Secession had charge of powder manufacture for the Confederate government; grandson of James and Sarah Ann Blackmon, and of Frederick and Nancy A (Scurry) Ross of Calhoun County. The Blackmons were long resi dents of Scriven County, Ga., while the Ross family came from Scotland to Edge field, S. C. Representative Blackmon was educated in the public schools, Jacksonville State normal school, 1888-89; Douglasville col lege, Georgia, 1890; Mountain city business col lege, Chattanooga, Tenn.; and the law school of the University of Alabama, LL. B., June 20, 1894. He at once entered upon the practice of his pro fession in association with John B. Knox; from November 1, 1898 to 1903, he was attorney for the city of Anniston; in 1900, served in the State Senate, and re-elected to the session of 1907; in 1910 he was elected to the 62d con gress, entering upon his term March 4, 1911; re-elected to the 63d, 64th, 65th and 66th con gresses. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; Knight of Pythias; Elk; and a member of Junior Order of American Mechanics. Married : December 31 1908, Mrs. Mary (Bellenger) Cox. Children: 1. Frederick L., jr.; 2. Sara Bellenger. Resi dence: Anniston. BLACKSHER, URIAH, lumber manufacturer and exporter, was born March 19, 1848 in Escambia County; son of Jephtha and Martha (Mayo) Blacksher, the former a native of Geor gia and a justice of the peace in Escambia County for many years, the latter a native of Escambia County. He was reared on a farm until he was nineteen years old, when he en tered the timber business, felling and sawing lumber at intervals, in connection with farm ing. During the War of Secession he devoted his time exclusively to farming, but after peace was restored, he gradually merged his agricul tural interests with those pertaining to the manufacture of lumber for exportation and do mestic use. In 1889, he purchased large tracts of land in Baldwin County, and located near Montgomery. Here he secured the establish ment of a post-office, which was named for him. He erected a saw mill and store and began the manufacture of all grades of merchantable lum ber, later entering a co-partnership with P E. McGowan and John McGowan. In 1892 he moved to Mobile, buying and rebuilding the mill three miles above the city, where he manu factures large quantities of lumber. He is owner of twenty-six thousand acres of land in Escambia and Baldwin Counties. He is a Democrat, a Mason, and a member of the Gulf Lumber Association. Married: January 5, 1870 Martha, daughter of Samuel McGowan, a na tive of Georgia and an early settler of Escam bia County. Mrs. Blacksher had seven brothers in the C. S. Army, five of whom were killed. Children: 1. E. Manford, b. August 4, 1879- 2 Maggie E., b. in December, 1881. Residence: Mobile. BLACKWELDER, WILSON MONROE, Bap tist minister, was born October 18, 1857, at Dudley ville, Tallapoosa County; son of David and Emily Elizabeth (Brooks) Blackwelder, the former a native of Charlotte, N. C, who moved to Georgia when a boy, and later settled in Ala bama; grandson of Jacob Blackwelder, and of Aaron Brooks. He received his early schooling at Dudleyville from such instructors as E. B. Langley, W. L. Lebow, L. L. Miller, and Tom Parker, and later attended Auburn Seminary, Auburn, Ky. He entered the Southern Theolog ical Seminary, Louisville, Ky., and was gradu ated there, 1889. He had begun to preach in the Baptist ministry in 1880, and from that time until the present, has been pastor of churches at County Line; Rock Springs, Cham bers County; Decatur; Livingston; Eutaw; Greenville; Woodlawn; West End and Birming ham. Married: (1) in 1890, at Tuscaloosa, Flora Belle Findley; (2) in 1896, Antonette Stantenborough. Children, by first marriage; 1. Earle E., b. August 10, 1890; 2. Wilson Dean, b. November 27, 1893: by second marriage: 3. David Lee, b. September 16, 1896. Residence: East End, Birmingham. 158 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY BLACKWELL, DANIEL CAMP, lawyer, was born at Kowaliga, Tallapoosa County; son of F. M. and Louisa (Espy) Blackwell, the former a native of North Carolina, who located in Cher okee County, while still a young man; grand son of Daniel and Lydia (Camp) Blackwell of Cherokee County, and of Robert and Elizabeth (Watt) Espy. Lydia Camp was descended from a Virginia family of that name members of which fought in the Revolutionary War. Rep resentative Blackwell was educated in the com mon schools, and in the high school of Law- renceville, Henry County; read law in the of fice of Seals, Wood and Roquemore, at Eufaula; engaged in the practice of his profession; located in Anniston, April, 1887, where he has since resided; served as circuit judge by spec ial appointment; represented Calhoun County in the legislature, 1915, and was a member of a special recess committee on the judiciary. He is a Democrat. Married: December 28, 1881, at Cuthbert, Ga., to Annie Laurie, daugh ter of Dr. James B. and Elizabeth (Greer) Smith, of that place. No children. Residence: Anniston. BLACKWOOD, JAMES ELLIS, lawyer and circuit judge, was born December 5, 1872, in Blount County; son of John and Elzie (Easley) Blackwood, the former at one time a justice of peace and postmaster, too young for service in the C. S. Army; grand son of Alfred L. and Nancy Blackwood, and Daniel and Eudoxy Easley; great- grandson of Isaac Stevens, a Revolutionary soldier who was with the Continental Army at Valley Forge. He was educated in the common schools' of Blount County; graduated from Blount college, Blountsville, 1891; read law in the office of Emory Hall; was admitted to the bar in 1892; and entered upon the practice at Blountsville, He was secretary of the Etowah Democratic County committee, and county cam paign manager in 1898; commissioner to the World's fair, 1903; campaign manager for pro hibitionists in Etowah County, 1907, and again in 1909 when the prohibition amendment was defeated; elected judge of the sixteenth judicial circuit, November 8, 1910, and reelected, 1916. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; Odd Fellow; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: June 19, 1892, at Blountsville, to Nannie J., daughter of Clinton and Eliza (Barclift) Mont gomery, granddaughter of George W. Mont gomery and H. H. Barclift, both of Blounts ville. Residence : Blountsville. BLAIR, ALGERNON, contractor and builder, was born August 6, 1873, Brooklyn, N. Y.; son of Alexander and Hannah (Farnell) Blair; grandson of Alexander and Elizabeth (Carson) Blair of Devonshire, England, and of William and Sarah (Siddal) Farnell of Sowerby Bridge, West Riding, England; great-grandson of Fran cis Farnell. Alexander Blair came with his family to America in 1863, settled first in New Haven, Conn., and moved to Macon, Ga., in 1880, where he became an architect. Algernon Blair received his first schooling from Rev. R. H. Wel- ler, in a suburb of Jacksonville, Fla.; was graduated from high school in Macon, Ga., in 1888, with first honor; became a contractor and builder, making a specialty of government work; constructed the national guard canton ment, Camp Sheridan, Montgomery. He is a Democrat, a Mason and an Episcopalian. He is author of a series of articles pertaining to the commercial development of Alabama. Married: (1) June 15, 1898, at Sylvania. Ga., Caroline Livingston Singellton; (2) July 14, 1908, at Macon, Ga., Adele Blue, daughter of William Fletcher and Mary (King) Blue, the former a veteran of the War of Secession. Children: 1. Alfred Farnell; 2. Elizabeth; 3. Carolyn.- Resi dence: Montgomery. BLAIR, FRANK G., mayor of Tuscaloosa, 1904. Residence: Tuscaloosa. BLAIR, HUGH W., physician, was born Octo ber 2, 1862, at Savannah, Ga„ and died at Shef field; son of Hugh A. and Maggie A. (Howard) Blair. He received his early schooling at Knox ville, Tenn., and was graduated from Cumber land University with the degree of A. B., 1885. After a short interval, he entered the medical department of Vanderbilt University, and was graduated as valedictorian of his class, 1885. Soon after leaving college, he began to practice medicine at Carthage, Tenn. He was chosen president of the county board of health while located there, and served in that capacity until he moved to Sheffield, March, 1887. He formed a successful partnership with Dr. W. H. Blake in that city, which terminated only with his death. He was a member of the state and county medical societies, and a member of the American Medical Association. Last residence: Sheffield. BLAIR, JOHN JAMES, merchant, was born at Waxhaw, Lancaster County, S. C., April 12, 1793, and died in Marshall County, Miss., Jan uary 13, 1844; son of James and Mary (Cant- zon) Blair, of Waxhaw Settlement, Catawba River, Lancaster County, S. C, the former a planter of that district; grandson of James Blair, a Scotch-Irish emigrant from County Antrim, Ireland, who settled in Lancaster County, S. C, and of Dr. John and Sarah (Dickie) Cantzon, the former a native of La Rochelle, France, who located at Waxhaw, S. O, where he was a prominent physician; great- grandson of Jean Jacques and Margery (With erspoon) Kaantson, the former a Huguenot who fled after the Revolution to America, the latter the sister of John Witherspoon, presi dent of Princeton college and one of the sign ers of the Declaration of Independence. John J. Blair removed to Camden, S. C, when a youth; was clerk of the court; became an exten sive merchant, and was cashier of the Camden bank. He removed to Mobile in 1838; en gaged in the grocery business with James Har rison, and founded a Presbyterian church at Spring Hill. He died while on a visit in Mar shall County, Miss., and was buried at Spring Hill, near Mobile. Married: November 5, 1822, at Camden, S. C, to Martha Couturier, daugh ter of Capt. Peter and Mary (Flint) Ray, of Charleston County and Camden, S. C, grand daughter of William and Martha (Couturier) DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 159 Flint, of St. John's, San tee, Charleston County, S. C. Children: 1. Mary E., d. young; 2. James Ray, d. in infancy; 3. Henry Dickenson, m. Mary Lou, daughter of Col. James E. Saun ders (q. v.); 4. Emily L., d. young; 5. James Douglass, merchant' and planter of New Or leans, lieutenant colonel Fourth Louisiana reg iment, C. S. Army, m. Parthenia Rugely, of South Carolina and Alabama; 6: Martha Shan non, m. Charles Farwell, captain in C. S. Army; 7. Ellen Charlotte, m. Alfonzo Irvine Rugely, a Confederate soldier who was mortally wounded at Baton Rouge, La.; 8. John James, Jr., m. Julia Rowe, of Mobile; 9. Thomas Mc- Millian, lieutenant, Fifth Co., Washington ar tillery, C. S. Army, killed in battle of Chicka- mauga, Tenn. ; 10. William Ray, d. young. Last residence: Spring Hill, Mobile County. BLAIR, THOMAS, farmer, was born in 1836, on Terrapin Creek, Cherokee County; son of Ezekiel and Jane Blair, who lived at that place on a farm purchased from the state, having moved to Alabama from Tennessee in 1832, and settled among the Indians, the former a native of Monroe County, Tenn., and the latter of Blount County. He received a common school education, and worked on his father's farm. In September, 1861, he entered the C S.. Army, as fourth sergeant of a company in the Nine teenth Alabama regiment, and served until the close of the war, at which time he was a pris oner. After the war was over, he returned to his native home on Terrapin Creek. He was justice of the peace in Cherokee County for eight years, and preached the gospel of peace for many years. He was elected to the State legislature in August, 1900, as a representative from Cherokee County. He is a member of the Peoples' party, and of the Missionary Bap tist church. Married: August, 1868, at Center, to Nannie Elizabeth Newberry. Children: six. BLAKE, PRESTON, Missionary Baptist min ister residing in Birmingham, in 1913. BLAKE, SAMUEL MORGAN, public official, was born January 5, 1870, at Fayetteville, Lin coln County, Tenn.; son of George Washington and Eliza Hansell (McCord) Blake, who lived at Fayetteville, Tenn., the former a native of Petersburg, Lincoln County, Tenn.; grandson of John and Mary (Morgan) Blake, of Peters burg, Tenn., and of Samuel Handley and Mar tha Willa Elmina (Hansell) McCord, who lived at Moulton; great-grandson of Capt. John Wal ker Hansell, born in Greenville, S. C, who was commissioned second lieutenant in the War of 1812 by James Madison, and rose to the rank of captain; a descendant of Col. John Blake, of Nasemond County, Va., a member of the coun cil of that state, 1656-1666, and of Joseph Blake, colonial governor of South Carolina, and of Martha Blake, who married William Washing ton, the grandson of Col. William Washington, brother of George Washington. Robert Cowan, an ancestor on the maternal side served under Capt. John Neville of Virginia, in the Revolu tionary War. Other ancestors of the same name, and kinsmen of the name of Wood, fojight in the army of independence. Mr. Blake ob tained his education in the public and private schools at Fayetteville, Tenn. He was assistant postmaster at Fayetteville, Tenn., under Cleve land's first administration; moved to Birming ham, May, 1890; served as deputy clerk and reg ister of the city court of Birmingham for sev eral years; was chief clerk to Judge S. E. Green, probate judge of Jefferson County, dur ing his incumbency; and was elected clerk and register of the city court of Birmingham, April, 1910. He is a Democrat; a Methodist, serving as steward in the church; a Mason, secretary of the Jefferson County Masonic Conference; an Odd Fellow; and a Knight of Pythias. Mar ried June 14, 1893, in Birmingham, Turner Hearne, daughter of Marshall Harrison and Mary (Hawkins) Wells, of Birmingham, the former a Methodist preacher for nearly sixty years, chaplain in the C. S. Army; grand daughter of Thomas Simmons Wells, an exten sive planter in Mississippi and Arkansas, and of Judge Wiley Turner Hawkins, a native of Dinwiddie County, Va., who was probate judge of Lauderdale County for twenty years or more. Residence: Birmingham. BLAKE, SAMUEL R., planter, lawyer, State senator, was born in North Carolina, and died in Texas. His father lived in the vicinity of Wilmington, where Samuel R was probably educated. Mr. Blake was a lawyer and early removed with his father to Macon, Ga., where he opened an office and engaged in general practice; removed to Alabama, locating in Dal las County, and became a planter of consider able means. In 1853, he represented the dis trict of which Dallas is a part, in the State senate, and served as chairman of the judiciary committee of that body. In 1860 he removed to Texas. Last residence: Texas. BLAKE, WYATT HEFLIN, physician, was born June 21, 1856, at Blake's Ferry, Randolph County; son of John and Marietta J. (Heflin) Blake, the former a native of Carroll County, Ga., who located at Blake's Ferry, was a private in the Twenty-third Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, was captured at the battle of Nashville, and held a prisoner at Camp Douglas until the end of the war; grandson of Thomas and De- lana (Young) Blake, natives of Gainesville, Ga., who settled near Arbacoochee, Cleburne County, while that section was still inhabited by Creek Indians, the former being the first member of the state legislature from Randolph County, and of Wyatt and Sarah (Still) Heflin. of Louina, Randolph County. The old home stead at Blake's Ferry was originally the site of an Indian village, on a reservation owned by a Creek Indian. The original Indian deed is in the possession of Dr. Blake at the present time. Wyatt Heflin Blake received his early educa tion in the country schools near his home, at Lineville, Clay County, and at Newnan, Ga. He was graduated from the Alabama Polytechnic Institute, B. S., 1879, taught school in Roanoke for the next two years, and was graduated from Vanderbilt University, M. D., 1883. The fol lowing year he spent as interne in the Medical College Hospital, Nashville, Tenn., and began 160 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY to practice medicine in 1885. He located in Blake's Ferry, 1885-1888, in Lineville, 1888- 1897, and moved to Sheffield, where he has con tinued his practice, since 1901. The honorary degree of M. S. was conferred upon Dr. Blake by the Alabama Polytechnic Institute in 1894. He served on the Alabama State Convict Com mission from 1897 to 1901, and was one of sev eral physicians who were active in procuring state aid in an effort to combat tuberculosis. He urged the isolation of tubercular convicts and was one of the first to insist on the state's establishing a sanatorium. He is author of sev eral pamphlets and articles on the subject of tuberculosis. He is a Democrat, was a mem ber of the state executive committee, 1894- 1896, and chairman of the Democratic executive committee for the fifth Congressional district of Alabama, the same years. He has been a member of the Board of Trustees of the Depart ment of Archives and History, State of Ala bama, from its organization; has been president of the Clay County Medical Society, of the Col bert County Medical Society, of the Alabama State Medical Association in 1911; and is a member of the American Medical Association. He is a Baptist and a member of Chi Phi fra ternity. Married: July 26, 1885, at Roanoke, Martha Lee Shaffer, daughter of John P. and Margaret E. Shaffer of that city. Children: 1. John, Selma; 2. Jeptha Hill, Sheffield; 3. Margaret Erin, Sheffield; 4. Maretta Rosa, Sheffield; 5. Jefferson Davis, Sheffield; 6. Wyatt Heflin, jr., Sheffield; 7. Shaffer Booker, Sheffield; 8. Gravis Blair, Sheffield; 9. Thomas Henry, Sheffield. Residence: Sheffield. BLAKELY, AQUILLA, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 94, and a resident of Blount County; private and sergeant Virginia Militia; enrolled on July 2, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $35; sums re ceived to date of publication of list, $105. — • Revolutionary Pension Roll, in Part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BLAKENEY, LEWIS COLUMBUS, physician, was born November 7, 1851, in Chesterfield County, S. C; son of Lewis and Elizabeth (Funderburk) Blakeney, the former a native and life long resident of Chesterfield County, S. C; grandson of John Blakeney, a soldier of the Revolution, of Chesterfield County, S. C, and of Irish descent, and of Jacob Funder burk, of Lancaster District, S. C, and of Dutch descent. Dr. Blakeney received his early edu cation in the public schools of South Caro lina and Alabama, and graduated with the M. D. degree from the University of Alabama, in 1874. He practiced in Pickens County for three years, removing from that place to Millport, Lamar County. He has served as county com missioner of roads and revenue and as justice of the peace. He is a Baptist; Democrat; Mason; and an Odd Fellow. Married: in 1876, to Rachel Rebecca, daughter of Hiram Vail, of Lamar County. Children: 1. William Waller; 2. Elizabeth Mariliza; 3. Lewis Oscar; 4. Myr tle May; 5. Thomas Columbus; 6. Trannie. Residence: Millport. BLAKEY, DAVID TALIAFERRO, lawyer, planter, colonel First Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army, was born August 12, 1833, at Mt. Meigs, Montgomery County, and died June 27, 1902, in Montgomery; son of Dr. Boiling A. and Mary Elizabeth (Taliaferro) Blakey, the former a native of Augusta, Ga., who removed to Ala bama in 1818 and located at Mt. Meigs from which place he removed to Montgom ery in 1835, and to Macon County in 1841, where he remained until his death in 1873; grandson of David M. Taliaferro (q. v.) ; great- grandson of Col. William D. Barnett, an officer of the Georgia troops in the War of the Revo lution, afterwards a member of congress from that state, and of Ben Taliaferro, also a Rev olutionary officer and Georgia congressman. The Blakey family came originally from Eng land, settled first in Virginia and thence into Georgia, where they formed a part of the Broad River Colony. David Taliaferro Blakey gradu ated with honors from the University of Georgia in 1851 with the degree of A. B., and at once began the study of law in the office of Judge John M. Chilton in Tuskegee and was admitted to the bar. In 1861, at the outbreak of the War of Secession, he enlisted as a private in the 3rd Alabama infantry regiment and in September of that year was promoted to ordnance officer under Gen. Jones Mitchell Withers. He later raised a cavalry company in Mobile of which he was made captain, Co. E, 1st Alabama cavalry regiment. He was pro moted major of the regiment in August, 1862, lientenant-colonel in October following and in March, 1863, was made colonel. He was in com mand of the brigade to which his regiment was attached at the close of the war. At Dandridge, Tenn., he received his first and only wound, a gunshot through the body. Immediately fol lowing the close of the war, he engaged in planting but in 1867 he settled in Montgomery and entered upon the practice of the law. Mar ried: December, 1866, at Union Springs, to Mary S., daughter of Dr. William S. Mabson. Children: (1) Boiling Anthony, graduate of the University of Alabama, 1886, with the A. B. degree and of the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1887, with the M. S. degree, instructor, mechani cal department, A. P. I., 1887-92, manager elec tric machine works, 1892-98, superintendent water works and electrical plant of Union Springs, 1898-99, city electrician, Montgomery, 1900; 2. William M.; 3. David Taliaferro, jr. Last residence: Montgomery. BLANDIN, ISABELLA MARGARET ELIZA BETH, author, was born in Alabama, and died June 30, 1912, at Houston, Tex.; daughter of Joseph Reid and Rosa Jane (Smith) John, the former a native of North Carolina, a lawyer who lived in Union Town and Selma. Her father with other men of means of Union Town subscribed the money to employ teachers to conduct a school in the town, and Mrs. Blandin received her early education there. She never attended college but gained an equivalent edu cation by private instruction and study.' She was left a widow in 1866 with three children GENERAL LeROY P. WALKER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 163 and, in order to support them, began, in 1870, to teach school. She taught first in the city schools of Selma, then in Montgomery, and later in Houston, Tex. She instituted settlement work in the latter place and organized the first city mission board of which she was president for several years. This board later built and equipped a coopera tive home for working girls. Her work among the foreigners resulted in the establishment of free kindergartens, day-nurseries, and the em ployment of several deaconesses to carry on her work. She organized several Sunday schools in Houston, which have since grown into self-sustaining churches. She is author of "History of Higher Education of Women in . the South, Prior to 1860," The Neale Publish ing Company, 1909; "History of Shearn Church, 1837-1907," published 1908; "A History of Ala bama," incomplete at the time of her death; a pamphlet, "From Gonzales to San Jacinto, a Historical Drama of the Texan Revolution," 1897; and a number of short stories published in various periodicals. Married: At Selma, April 30, 1860, John Wirt Blandin. Children: 1. John Joseph, m. Corinne Cherbonnier, was graduated from the Naval Academy, Annapolis, from Johns Hopkins Uni versity, Ph. D., was first lieutenant in the U. S. Navy, and officer of the day on board the "Maine" when it was sunk in Havana harbor, died of injuries received in that explosion, left four children, John Joseph, Victor Cherbonnier, Marie and Eugenie, who live with their mother at Glen Arm, Md.; 2. Mary Blandin, a graduate of the Tuskegee Female College, m. A. G. How ell, resides at Houston, Tex.; 3. Belle, m. W. W. Seals of Georgia, resides at Bellaire, Tex. Last residence: Houston, Tex. BLANKENSHIP, REUBEN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 69, and a resident of Shelby County; private Virginia Militia; en rolled on May 24, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $23.31. — Revolution ary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Coosa County, June 1, 1840, aged 73. — Census of Pen sioners, 1841, p. 149. He was buried at Poplar Springs church in that county. — D. B. Oden, of Childersburg, Ala., in Alabama Historical So ciety Transactions, vol. iv, p. 533. BLASINGAME, WYATT CHILDS, educator, was born July 9, 1874, at Culloden, Monroe County, Ga.; son of Jobn William and Amanda (Jackson) Blasingame, the former a native of Thomaston, Pike County, Ga., who fought in Co. C, Thirty-second Georgia regiment, C. S. Army, under Gen. George Harrison of Opelika; grandson of Wyatt and Nancy (Adams) Bla singame, and of Burwill Jackson, all of Thom aston, Ga.; great-grandson of Benjamin Bla singame; great-great-grandson of Gen. John Blasingame, a French Huguenot who settled in South Carolina, and had four sons, three of whom, Gen. John A., Col. Thomas, and Col. James, were officers in the Revolutionary Army. He was prepared in Culloden, Ga., in the first brick church and school erected in that state, later in Normal College, Knoxville, Tenn., 1894- 1897; was graduated with first honors, Univer sity of Tennessee, A. B., 1899; attended and took several courses by correspondence at the Uni versity of Chicago. He served as instructor in the Normal College, 1895-1898, and as president, 1898-1902; became teacher of mathematics in the high school at Fort Smith, Ark., 1902-1904; superintendent of public schools of East Lake, 1904-1906, and of Demopolis, 1906-1911; and teacher in Marengo County high school, 1911. He is now in the U. S. Public Health Service and is attached to the Alabama state board of health. He was elected to the board of educa tion of Marengo County, 1910-1912, and was chairman of the library committee of A. E. A. He is a Baptist and a Mason. Married: July 17, 1901, at Livingston, Maud Harmon Lurton, daughter of Edmond B. and Clara (Brown) Lurton, of Clarksville, Tenn.; granddaughter of Leonidas L. Lurton, whose son Horace Har mon Lurton, was a justice of the U. S. Supreme Court. Children: 1. Edmond Lurton, b. 1904, at Fort Smith, Ark.; 2. Wyatt Rainey, b. 1909, at Demopolis. Residence: Thomaston, Ga. BLASSINGAME, WILLIAM EASLEY, planter, was born near Greenville, S. C, 1798, and died in Perry County, 1841; son of Gen. John and Elizabeth Nancy (Easley) Blas- singame, the former a private soldier in the Revolution and also in the war of 1812; and grandson of Maj. John Blassingame and wife, who was a Miss Westfield, the former also a soldier of the Revolution, buried at the Old Stone Church, near Seneca, S. C. Mr. Blas singame was educated in South Carolina, grad uating from the South Carolina college in 1817; about 1830, he removed to Perry County where he became an influential citizen, a member of the state legislature, 1838, one of the founders of the Marion female seminary, and of Judson college. He was a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: Eliza Townes, of South Carolina. Children: 1. Maria, m. John Chambers; 2. John; 3. Elizabeth, m. Sam McLaughlin; 4. William, m. Martha Sim mons; 5. Aurelia, m. Gov. Benjamin Fitzpat rick (q. v.), his second wife; 6. Mary, m. Robert James Glenn (q. v.). Last residence: Marion. BLEDSOE, JOHN F., Missionary Baptist min ister. Deceased. Father of W. C. Bledsoe, Lafayette. BLEDSOE, NATHANIEL MACON, physi cian, was born April 13, 1835, in Butts County, Ga.; son of Morton and Mary J. (Bailey) Bled soe, natives respectively of Orange County, Va., and of Oglethorpe County, Ga., the former be ing of English descent, a Whig in politics, a planter, a man of means and influence, the father of twelve children, nine of whom reached maturity. Nathaniel M. Bledsoe re ceived a sound academic education preparatory to acquiring his profession. He began to read medicine in the offices of his brother and brother-in-law at the age of eighteen, and grad uated from the medical department of the Uni versity of Nashville, Tenn., in 1857. He located 164 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY in a rural settlement east of Union Springs, where he remained for seventeen years; in 1884, he removed to that town, opened a drug store, and continued to. practice his profession. At the opening of the War of Secession he was detailed to remain at home to give medical attention to the community, and the families of the soldiers at the front. For the latter serv ice he would accept no pay. He was noted for his charity and especially his helpfulness to ambitious young people seeking an education. In this one form of benevolence he expended large sums of money. He was a Baptist and Mason and vice-president Bullock County Medical Society. Married: in 1857, to Amanda, daughter of James R. Pickett, a pioneer of what is now Bullock County. No children. Last residence: Union Springs. BLEDSOE, WILLIAM CAREY, Baptist min ister, was born October 11, 1847, at Lafayette, Chambers County; son of John Francis and Mary Upson (Birdsong) Bledsoe, the former a native of Edgefield District, S. C, who came to Lafayette in 1854, a Baptist preacher and president of Lafayette Female College for twen ty-one years; grandson of William Bledsoe of Fluvanna County, Va., who moved with his family to Chambers County, about 1830, and of James and Sarah Birdsong of Roanoke; great grandson of William Bledsoe, who moved from Virginia to Edgefield District, S. C. The Bled- soes are of English descent, the progenitor of the family being William Bledsoe, who came from England and settled in Virginia just prior to the Revolutionary War. The Birdsongs are of Scotch ancestry. William Carey Bledsoe was prepared in the common schools of Lafayette, and was attend ing an academy at Dalton, Ga., when the War of Secession broke out and the school was dis banded. He returned to his home, and in 1864, when seventeen years old, enlisted in the C. S. Army, joining Co. F, Sixty-first Alabama regi ment, Battle's Brigade, Gordon's division of the army of Virginia. He served until the close of the war, surrendering with Gen. Lee at Appa- mattox. During a short furlough spent with the Bledsoes of Fluvanna County, Va., in the fall of 1864, he was converted and united with the Old Fluvanna Baptist church. After the surrender, he was employed by John K. Spence, and issued the initial numbers of the "Greens boro Herald," at Greensboro, Ga. In the winter of 1866-1867, he entered the university of Mt. Lebanon, La., but after one session entered Georgetown College, Ky. He was graduated from the theological course there with the de gree of A. M., 1868. He was ordained by the Baptist Church at Georgetown, Ky., July, 1886, and was assigned to his first pastorate at Cane Run near Georgetown. He was in charge of the Baptist church there for two years when he moved to Lafayette. He has been pastor of the Baptist church in that city for more than a quarter of a century. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon Rev. Bledsoe by Harvard College, 1886. He was elected secretary of the Alabama Baptist State Board of Missions in 1895, and occupied that office for three years. He was superintendent of education of Chambers County for several years. For thirty-six years he has served as grand chaplain of the Grand Masonic Lodge of Alabama. He is author of "History of the Liberty (East) Baptist Association of Ala bama." Married: (1) August 12, 1868, Rena Carson, d. August 6, 1869; (2) October 1, 1870, at Higginsville, Mo., Sarah Elizabeth, daugh ter of Col. Henry Higgins, of Lafayette County, Mo. Children, by first marriage; 1. Rena, d. at Dawson, Ga., m. William E. Rior- dan, had one son, Emmette, who lives at Daw son, Ga.; by second marriage; 2. John Harvey, physician, . d., m. Berta Edwards of Macon, Ga., left three children, William, Annie and John, who live at Macon Ga.; 3. Mary Susan, a graduate of Lafayette Female College, m. L. W. Payne, jr., Ph. D., professor of English at the University of Texas, Austin, Tex. Residence: Lafayette. BLINN, GEORGE, ANDERSON, Jr.. business man, was born in Covington, Ky. His parents moved to Cincinnati, O., during his childhood, and he received his education there, graduating from Hughes high school and Nelson's Business College. In 1887, with his father, he came to Birmingham and purchased the Excelsior laundry. The business has grown steadily, until it now occupies twenty-one thousand feet of floor space in its own building. Mr. Blinn is president of the company, and J. W. Donnelly, who has been associated with him since 1906, is secretary and treasurer. Mr. Blinn was one of the organizers of the Jefferson Fertilizer Com pany, and has served as its secretary and treas urer for many years. He has operated exten sively in the real estate field; is director of the Business Men's League; vice president of the Alabama State Fair Association, a Mason, a member of the Rotary club and of several social clubs. Residence: Birmingham. BLISS, JONATHAN, lawyer, was born July 15, 1799, at Randolph, Vt., and died July 27, 1879, at Cleveland, Ohio; son of Shuboel and Martha (Mastin) Bliss, the former a native of Rehoboth, Mass., who removed to Vermont in 1798; grandson of Jonathan and Lydia (Wheeler) Bliss of Rehoboth; great-grandson of Thomas Bliss of Rehoboth, and great-great- grandson of Jonathan Bliss of Belstone, Eng land, who immigrated to Boston, Mass., in 1736. Jonathan Bliss was graduated from Dartmouth college, 1824, and devoted himself to the profession of law in that State prior to removing to Gainesville, Sumter County, in 1836. He was a member of the constitutional convention of Alabama, 1875: for some years he was the law partner of Joe G. Baldwin, author of "Flush Times in Alabama and Mis sissippi," and figures in that humorous pic ture of the pioneer period as "Mr. Blass." He afterwards removed to California, where he became chief justice of the supreme court of that State. The correspondence that was con ducted between these two early Alabamians was destroyed by fire when the family home was burned shortly after the death of Mr. Bliss. He was a Democrat and a Presbyterian. Married: October 13, 1831, to Lucretia A. C, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 165 daughter of William and Lucretia (Hallam) Leverett of Windsor, Vt., and granddaughter of Gov. John Leverett of Massachusetts. Children: 1. Martha, m. (1) Robert Washington, lawyer, (2) Dr. John A. Warren, Mobile; 2. Mary E.; 3. Elizabeth L., twin with Mary, both of whom died in infancy; 4. Mary Elizabeth, m. David Moor Russell, Jonestown, Miss. Last resi dence: Cleveland, Ohio. BLOCH, SOLOMON DANIEL, editor and pub lisher, was born in Camden, January 16, 1855; son of Daniel W. and Jannette (Kahn) Bloch, the former was born in Floss, emigrated to the United States, and was one of the first settlers in Camden, a merchant and planter, and served in the War of Secession in Co. H 23rd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and later on the staff of Gen. B. Y. Ramsey; and the grandson of Wolf 'Samuel Bloch of Floss, Bavaria, and of Solomon and Agatha Kahn, of Grossbockenheim also in Bavaria. Mr. Bloch received his early education in Cam den, and later attended the Barton academy in Mobile. He afterwards studied law, and was admitted to the practice, but his business interests required his time so completely that he was compelled to relinquish the law for an active business career. He was mayor of Cam den two terms, 1882, 1884; and alderman many terms and for a time was county commis sioner of Wilcox County. He served as a cap tain on Major James T. Beck's staff, Alabama State troops, retiring in 1902. In 1892, while a senator from Wilcox County, Mr. Bloch pre pared and introduced the bill establishing the Alabama girl's industrial school, now the Ala bama technical institute and college for women, which after some opposition, became a law, in 1896. Mr. Bloch was appointed one of the first trustees, a position which he has held un der every administration to the present time. He was chairman of the finance committee for eight years, and aided in bringing the school through its financial troubles, but would ac cept no compensation for his services as trus tee and committeeman. In recognition of these services, however, the board of trustees or dered that his life size portrait be permanently displayed on the walls of the chapel of the institution at Montevallo. Mr. Bloch is recog nized as the founder of the school, and takes a constant interest in its welfare. He was elected from Wilcox County to the senate in 1890 and to the house of representatives in 1906. He is a member of the National geo graphic society; of the State good roads as sociation; was the prime mover in the Mont gomery, Hayneville and Camden railroad, a projected road from Atlanta and Montgomery to New Orleans, and was its president The parents of Mr. Bloch were Israelites, and while he has never connected himself with any con gregation or church, he is a regular attendant upon all temple and church services. He is a Democrat; a Mason, and a Knight of Pythias. He is the founder of the "Wilcox Progress" and from 1887 until 1897, he was its. editor and proprietor. He now owns and edits the "Wil cox Progressive Era," a consolidation of the "Progress," "New Era," "Banner" and the "Camden News." He is a member of Camp I. G. W. Steedman, S. C. V, at Camden, and was elected camp historian, a position which he now holds. He is unmarried. Residence: Camden. BLOCKER, JOHN RUFUS, cotton factor, planter, was born November 12, 1810, at Edge field, S. C, and died February 16, 1869, in Greene County; son of Abner and Amelia (Ken nedy) Blocker, natives of Edgefield, S. C, the former of whom was a colonel of South Carolina troops in the War of 1812, and was one of the early settlers of the Tennessee Valley; grandson of John and Juliana Blocker, of Edge field, S. O, the former of whom was a captain in the continental army. The ancestors of the Blockers came from Mecklenburg, Germany, and settled in South Carolina. The name was originally spelled Blucher. Mr. Blocker gained his early schooling in South Carolina, and at tended the University of South Carolina. He settled in Mobile as a cotton factor, but later moved to a plantation in Greene County where he lived for the rest of his life with the ex ception of the period during the War of Seces sion when he lived in Tuscaloosa. He raised a company to go to the Mexican War, but did not see any active service; was a member of the state senate during Gov. Chapman's ad ministration; enlisted in the C. S. Army, join ing the Eleventh Alabama, but was too old for active service. All during the war, he took care of the wives and children of the soldiers at the front, and served as a member of the Tuscaloosa home guards. He was a Demo crat, and voted for Stephen A. Douglas. He was opposed to secession, but supported the Confederacy when the state went out of the Union. He was a steward in the Methodist church, and was a Mason. Married: in Greene County, Amanda Albany (Watson) Brown, daughter of John and Mary (Hays) Watson, of Farland, Greene County. Her father came from Fairfield, S. C, to Alabama about 1819, and was of Scotch stock. Her mother was born in the north of Ireland, and lived in South Caro lina. Children: 1. Sallie Amelia, m. Harry I. Thornton, resides in Watsonia, child, J. Blocker Thornton (q. v.) ; 2. Bettie Cooper, deceased, m. Norfleet Harris of Tuscaloosa; 3. Annie Mc Alpine, m. Dr. T. J. Turpin (q. v.), both de ceased, child, Alice, m. James D. Webb city engineer of Birmingham; 4., Julia Watson, m. Dr. A. H. Byrd, resides at Eutaw; 5. John Watson, b. February 7, 1857, was registrar of Colbert County, 1891-1894, manager for South ern Express Company at Jackson Tenn., now resides in Chattanooga, Tenn., m. (1) October 10, 1883, at Forkland, Nettie M. Glover of Fork- land, (2) November 29, 1887, at Pine Bluff, Ark., Boiling Lawton of South Carolina. Last residence: Greene County. BLOUNT, ROBERT P., lieutenant-colonel, 9th battalion, Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. BLUE, ERNEST LEE, lawyer, was born October 31, 1870 at Inverness, Bullock County; son of Patrick and Sarah Agnes (Boyd) Blue; 166 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY grandson of Hector and Mary (McKinnan) Blue who lived at or near Bethel Church, Bul lock County, and of Robert and Mary (McMur- ray) Boyd, who lived in the same community. His father was born in Moore County, N. C, was graduated from the Charleston Medical College, South Carolina, and practiced medi cine at Geneva from 1856 until the outbreak of the War of Secession, when he became assistant surgeon of the Forty-third regiment of cavalry, C. S. Army. The original ancestor of the Blue family in America, came to this country from Scotland in 1745, settling in Moore County, N. C. The Blues are of Highland Scotch de scent. Mr. Blue was prepared in private and public schools at Union Springs; was gradu ated from South Western Presbyterian Univers ity, Clarksville, Tenn., A. B., June 1890; and from the University of Alabama, LL. B., 1891. He was admitted to the practice, June 30, 1891, and has been engaged in the general practice of law since that date. He served as register in chancery of Bullock County, 1891-1896; was sec retary and chairman of the Democratic county executive committee two terms; and secretary of the Democratic executive committee of the third congressional district, 1896-1914. He was lieutenant and later captain of Co. G, Third Alabama infantry regiment, Alabama national guard, 1894-1898. He is a Presby terian; has been a Mason since December 1892; and is a member of the Sigma Nu col lege fraternity. Married: February 26, 1896, at Union Springs, Harriet Zenobia, daugh ter of Isaac Ball and Sarah J. Feagin (q. v.), of Union Springs. Children: 1. Sarah, graduate of Judson College, Marion, national inspector of Kappa Delta sorority, Union Springs; 2. Ernest Lee, jr., law student, Uni versity of Alabama, Union Springs; 3. Ike Fea gin, student, University of Alabama, Union Springs; 4. Harriet, high school student, Union Springs. Residence: Union Springs. BLUE, JOHN HOWARD, physician, was born August 31, 1877, at Montgomery; son of Dr. John Howard and Mary Wood (Cook) Blue, the former a native of Mobile, a physician, who lived at Montgomery; grandson of Dr. Oliver R. and Ann E. (Howard) Blue (q. v.) of Mont gomery, the former a Methodist minister, the latter a native of Georgia, and of John and Sallie Cook of Elmore County. His great-grand father was one of the original settlers of Mont gomery and was one of the first men who lo cated the town. John Howard Blue received his first schooling in Montgomery from Miss Augusta Woodruff, and later attended the Uni versity of Alabama from which he was gradu ated, B. S., 1896, and the following year be came instructor in chemistry at that institu tion. He entered Columbia University and was graduated, M. D., 1901. He served as interne in the Roosevelt Hospital, New York City, from 1901 until 1904, then located in Mont gomery where he has practiced his profession as physician and surgeon with eminent suc cess and distinction. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: April 20, 1910, Anna, daughter of William Keller and Elizabeth Pel- zer of Montgomery. Residence: Montgomery. BLUE, MATTHEW POWERS, public official, was born September 24, 1824, in Montgomery, and died December 20, 1884, in that city; son of Neil and Eliza (Powers) Blue (q. v.). He was educated by his father and in the schools of Montgomery and from January, 1845, to April, 1846, taught in the old Montgomery acad emy, having before this assisted his father in the post office. He returned to the post office in 1846 as a clerk and was the only one of the employees retained by Martin Pond when he became postmaster in 1849. In 1853 he re ceived the appointment of postmaster and in 1870 he served as secretary of the State senate. Author: "Churches of the city of Montgomery, Alabama," 1878; "Brief history of Montgom ery," 1878; "Genealogy of the. Blue family," 1886. He married and left many ' descendants. Last residence: Montgomery. BLUE, NEIL, public official, was born December 9, 1793, in Richmond County, N. C, and died June 23, 1877, in Montgomery; son of Dugald and Mary (McLaughlin) Blue, the former a native of Cumberland County, N. C, a farmer, who later lived at Goose Pond, Richmond County, N. C, and died in Mont gomery; grandson of Malcolm and Sarah (Smith) Blue, both natives of Cantyre, Scot land, who in 1748 came with a large colony from the highlands of Scotland, settled near Wilmington, N. C, later moved to the Long- street settlement, near Fayetteville, N. O, bear ing the name of "Blue Place" where he cleared land and became a farmer, and of Duncan and Margaret (Ray) McLaughlin, the former a na tive of Knapsdale, Argyleshire, Scotland, who emigrated to America in 1767, landing at Wil mington, N. C, locating first in Cumberland County, later at Mount Pelier,' Robeson County, N. C, the latter a native of the Island of Jura, Argyleshire, Scotland. The Blues are of Celtic origin, descendants of the hardy highlanders of Scotland who were Presbyterians, Cove nanters, and followers of Charles Stuart, hav ing participated in the battle of Culloden, April 16, 1746, and who emigrated to America shortly after in order to escape persecution. Neil Blue received his education at Shoe Heel and Spring Hill academies, working on his father's farm between times. In 1811 was thrown from his horse receiving injuries which forced him to abandon his farming interests. He took up the profession of teaching in 1813, procuring a school in Anson County, N. C, later teach ing in Rowan, Moore, Montgomery and Robeson Counties. In 1819 his elder brother, Daniel, re turned to North Carolina from Pearl River, Mississippi Territory, in order to remove his younger brothers and sisters to their new home. Daniel persuaded his brother, Neil, to accom pany them. They left their home in the mid dle of February, 1819, and reached Alabama Town, now a part of the city of Montgomery, on March 15, 1819. Here Neil separated from his brothers and sisters having decided to open a school in that town. He was the second teacher in the place and served at the same DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 167 time as jailor. Early in 1820, he located in Rocky Mount, Autauga County, and here he taught Col. Boiling Hall, Dr. S. P. Smith, and Albert J. Pickett, historian. In 1822, he taught the 16th section school, in township 16, range 18, southeast of the city of Montgomery, and on Catoma Creek. At the close of the year he decided to give up the profession of teach ing, which afforded him only a meagre support for his family, and with them removed to Mont gomery. In March, 1823, he was elected con stable serving in this office for three years, and in 1826 he accepted from John Falconer, the first postmaster of Montgomery, the posi tion of clerk in the post-office, a place he held for the next eight years. He was elected dis count clerk in the Branch bank of the State of Alabama, November 13, 1833, resigning at the expiration of seven and one-half months in order to enter upon the duties of postmaster, July 1, 1834. He was town councillor in 1837; was elected a member of the first board of alderman, in January, 1838, also served as city treasurer, and was re-elected during the next two years. On July 1, 1849, he was removed from the office of postmaster on account of his political affiliations, and a short while after wards was beaten for sheriff. He was per suaded to remove to Texas, locating in Bastrop County, where he remained until the spring of 1854, returning to Montgomery at that time. His son, Matthew P. Blue, was at that time the postmaster at Montgomery, and he accepted a clerkship under him. He also held this posi tion under postmasters Thomas Welsh and E. M. Burton, served for a while in 1865 under W. J. Bibb, and was delivery clerk during 1871 under Joseph Dimmick. He resigned during the latter year as he found that his presence in the post office was likely to embarrass Cap tain Dimmick on account of the difference in party affiliations. In all he had given thirty- seven years of faithful service to the Mont gomery postoffice. He spent the last few years of his life with his children in Montgomery. He was a Methodist and a Democrat. Mar ried: January 8, 1818, near St. Paul, Robeson County, N. C, to Eliza, daughter of Matthew and Olive (Reagan) Powers, of that place; granddaughter of Ralph and Milly Reagan, of Robeson County, N. C, and of John Powers, a native of Ireland who emigrated to America, locating first on the Cape Fear River, above Wilmington, N. C, afterwards removing to Marion District, S. C, a farmer and a Whig. Children: 1. Harriet, m. Fort; 2. Rufus 0. (q. v.); 3. Matthew P. (q. v.); 4. John; 5. Albert W., m. Irene Chambers, of Robinson Springs; 6. Robert Donovan, d. young; 7. Al len, m. Timothy Jones; 8. Nellie, m. Milo Bar rett; 9. Olivia, m. John N. Browder. Last resi dence: Montgomery. BLUE, OLIVER RUFUS, Methodist minister, was born March 24, 1822, in Montgomery, died January 8, 1893, in Greensboro, and is buried in Oakwood cemetery, Montgomery; son of Neil and Eliza (Powers) Blue (q. v.). He was educated in Montgomery, and when seventeen years of age joined the Methodist church in that city. "His conversion, October 9, 1839, was of that positive, clear, and joyous type so often found among the older Methodists." (General Conference Minutes, 1893.) He was licensed to exhort, March 23, 1843, and to preach, October 12, 1843. On January 6, 1844, he was "admitted on trial" into the Alabama conference. His first appointment was the La fayette circuit, but before the end of the year he was transferred to the Montgomery station. While still an undergraduate he served the Montgomery, Mobile, Talladega, and Eufaula stations, and in 1850 was appointed presiding elder of the Montgomery district. He served as a minister for forty-nine years filling "the most prominent stations and districts in the conference." "During that long period he maintained his prominence in the conference, and his life and labors contributed as much as those of any one man to the progress of Methodism in Alabama, both in its spiritual work and in the institutions, educational and benevolent, which it established and main tained." (Minute, supra.) He represented the Alabama conference in seven General confer ences. Twice, in the absence of the bishop he was elected to preside over the Alabama an nual conference. Married: in 1848 at Colum bus, Ga., to Ann Eliza Howard, born Decem ber 3, 1825, and died October 22, 1891. Chil dren: 1. John Howard, m. Mary Wood Cook, parents of Dr. John Howard Blue (q. v.) ; 2. Annie Judy, d. at the age of 18; 3. Marie, d. young; 4. Eliza, d. in infancy. Last residence: Greensboro. BLUNT, RICHARD EUGENE, merchant and farmer, was born July 31, 1852, near Lane- ville, Hale County; son of Alexander Pete and Margaret Ann (Davies) Blunt, the former a native of Sussex County, Va., who removed to Hale County, in the early forties, and became a farmer, the latter of Surry County, Va.; grandson of Thomas Alexander and Agnes (Archie) Blunt, of Surry County, but the for mer was a native of England. Mr. Blunt was reared on a farm, received his education in the common schools of his county, and also at tended the old East Alabama male college at Auburn, 1863. He served on the board of reg istrars of Washington county in 1901; was superintendent of education for twelve years; and represented the county in the house of rep resentatives, 1915 and 1919. For a time he re sided at Sunflower, but later removed to St. Stephens. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: (1) January 7, 1873, at Spring Hill, Marengo County, to Sallie Agnes, daughter of Arnett W. and Louisa (Strong) Harrell, who lived at Old Wakefield, Washington County; and (2) to Mrs. Laura (Collins) Walker, daughter of John H. and Cornelia (Skipworth) Collins, of Jackson, Clarke County. No children. Residence: St. Stephens. BOARDMAN, VOLNEY, jeweler, silversmith and circuit clerk was born August 22, 1810, at Worthington, Richmond county, O., and died 168 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY May 29, 1890 at Greensboro; son of Jeremiah and Jemima (Church) Boardman of Hartford, Conn. The Boardman family is of English stock. Volney Boardman received his educa tion in the common schools qf Worthington; was apprenticed by his father at the age of eighteen to learn the business of a jeweler and silversmith, and entered upon the practice of his profession in Greensboro, in 1832; one year later he removed to Tuscaloosa, but in 1835 he returned to Greensboro where he made his permanent residence; was circuit clerk of Hale County for twenty years and resigned in 1889 on account of ill health; was major in a militia regiment prior to 1861. He was an old line Whig until the beginning of hostilities, after which he was a Democrat. He was a Presbyterian and a Mason. Married: (1) in 1840, at Greensboro, to Margaret, daughter of James and Catharine (Cowan) Locke, who lived near Statesville, Rowan County, N. C.; (2) June 8, 1846, to Harriett Earle, daughter of Richard and Catherine (Sloan) Harrison, the latter related to the noted Williams, Dan iel and Earle families of the South. Children by first marriage: 1. James Locke; 2. Mar garet E.; by second marriage: 3. Henry; 4. Laura, m. W. S. Askew, Decatur, Ga.; 5. Kate Sloan, Greensboro; 6. Elena; 7. Emma, a missionary to Hangchow, China; 8. Florence Lee; 9. Richard Isam. Last residence: Greens boro. BODDIE, JOHN B., business man, was born at Dayton, Marengo County, in October, 1849, and died in Birmingham prior to 1890. His father's ancestry was of French extraction, his mother of Scotch-Irish descent; great-grandson of Gen Winchester of Revolutionary War fame, and nephew of Gen. E. W. Rucker, of the Con federate Army. He entered business in 1883 and amassed a large amount of real estate property; owned interest in Sloss steel and iron company; North Birmingham land company; North Highlands company; Coalburg coal and coke company; and Central land and improve ment company. He was a Methodist, and mem ber of several social clubs. Married: (1) in 1879 to Annie Perryman, of Mobile; (2) Jan uary 21, 1885, to Jennie Cleves of Memphis, Tenn. Children: by first wife, 1. John B., jr.; by second wife, 2. Mary. Residence: Birming ham. BODLY JOHN, soldier of the American Rev olution, aged 72, and a resident of Jackson County; private S. C. State Troops and Mil itia; enrolled on January 22, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance $80 sums received to date of publication of list, $240 —Revolutionary Pension Roll, in .vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BOGART, WILLIAM HENRY business man and leeislator, was born September 27, 1833, at Athens McMmn County, Tenn.; son of Charles and Caroline (Breazeale) Bogart, the former a native of Roane County, Tenn., the latter lived near Loudon, Tenn.; grandson of Frank lin and Mattie Breazeale. He was educated in the common schools. He is a merchant and a farmer; was justice of the peace at Bass Sta tion, Jackson County, removed by Federal au thorities in 1867; elected to same office in 1874; and held it until 1884, when he removed to Stevenson. He represented Jackson County in the legislature of 1884; re-elected 1888; and again in November, 1902. He was senator from fifth district, 1892. He is a Democrat. Mar ried: February 14, 1872, to Nancy Octavia, daughter of Thomas E. and Talitha A. Mc- Mahan, of Jackson County. Residence: Steven- BOGGS, WILLIAM L., professor of chemistry at the University of Alabama, 1862-63. BOLAND, JEREMIAH M., Methodist minis ter, was born July 12, 1835, in Georgia; son of David and Mary (Jones) Boland, natives of South Carolina who settled in Georgia in 1827 and farmed in Muskogee County. His grand father Boland came from Germany to South Carolina prior to the Revolutionary War and took part in that struggle. The Jones family were of English descent. Two of Mr. Boland's brothers- were ministers in the Methodist Epis copal church, South; Rev. Elijah Boland, who for years was a member of the Georgia Con ference, and Rev. Josiah A. Boland, a member of the Northwest Texas Conference; and two brothers were soldiers; William Boland, who fought in the Mexican War under Gen. Winfield Scott, and James F. Boland, of the C. S. Army, who was killed at the battle of Gettysburg. John Boland, his uncle, was a captain in the Sem inole War in Florida. Jeremiah M. Boland spent the early years of his life at Columbus, Ga., and moved with his parents to Alabama during his boyhood. He was educated in the male department of Cen tenary College, Summerfield, and in Hiawassee College, Sweetwater, Tenn., from which he was graduated with the degree of A. M. He was li censed to preach and joined the Alabama Con ference in 1859. The first ten years of his itinerant life were spent in south Alabama, and the next decade in north Alabama, during which time he was presiding elder of the Hunts ville district, and station preacher at Talla dega and Tuscaloosa. He was in the bishop's cabinet which organized the North Alabama Conference in 1870, and was the delegate of the conference to the General Conference in 1874 and 1878. He took an active part in the es tablishment of the "Alabama Christian Ad vocate," the official organ of the two Alabama conferences. He returned to south Alabama at the close of 1878 and has served as presiding elder of the Pensacola, the Union Springs, and the Selma districts. He is pastor in charge of Livingston and Eutaw Stations. He is au thor of "The Problem of Methodism," Southern Methodist Publishing House, Nashville, Tenn., and of various articles and pamphlets. He is a Royal Arch Mason. Married: (1) In 1860, Sal lie E. Pennington, died January 1881; (2) May 1882, Hattie John, daughter of Chancellor John, of Selma. Children, by first marriage; four daughters and one son. Residence: Livingston. COLONEL WILLIAM D. CHADICK DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 171 BOLAND, R. W., president Birmingham iron and foundry company. BOLLING, JAMES M., lawyer and legislator, a native of Virginia, who died, 1850, in Hayne ville; resided in Conecuh County, which he rep resented, 1838, in the legislature, later remov ing to Hayneville, Lowndes County, where he won distinction at the bar. Married: about 1843, Mary Anne, daughter of Reuben and Mary (Phillips) Saffold (q. v.). Children: 1. Bessie, m. John S. Holmes, a business man of Mobile; 2. Reuben Henry, student and cadet at the University of Alabama, 1864-65, clerk of the custom house, 1867-69, Mobile, and super intendent of the cotton exchange, 1872-1912. Last residence: Hayneville. BOLLING, SAMUEL J., member constitu tional conventions of 1861 and 1875, from Butler County. BOLLING, WILLIAM McFARLAND, physi cian, was born July 14, 1811, at Elicotts Mills, Montgomery County, Md., and died March 4, 1858, at Montgomery; son of George and Mar garet (McFarland) Boiling. He was a grad uate of Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia. In 1852 he was made president of the Medical college of Lexington, Ky., and later located in Montgomery, where he practiced his profes sion. He was at one time in partnership with Dr. Marion Sims, and assisted that eminent physician and surgeon in experiments that led to the invention of the speculum. He was a surgeon in the Confederate Army. He was an Episcopalian, Mason and an Odd Fellow. Au thor: Numerous papers on medical subjects. Married: October 24, 1837, in Autauga County, to Mary, daughter of Manoah and Nancy (Dunn) Vincent, natives of Lunenberg County, Va. Children: 1. Helen McFarland; 2. Amelia Donne, m. Eliodora de Campi, Chicago, 111.; 3. William McFarland; 4. George. Last resi dence: Montgomery. BOLTON, BENJAMIN, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 69, and a resident of Dal las County; private N. C. Continental Line; enrolled on January 21, 1822, under act of Con gress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from September 15, 1820; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $1,245.32. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BOMAR, PAUL VERNON, Baptist minister, was born September 9, 1863, at Spartanburg^ S. C; son of John Earle and Louisa Nancy (Bo- mar) Bomar, of Spartanburg, S. C, the former a member of the South Carolina legislature, a captain in the C. S. Army, major of the militia, member of the firm of Evins, Bomar & Simp son, lawyers,' and a judge of probate; grandson of Elisha and Amaryllis (Earle) Bomar, of Spartanburg, S. C, and of John and Mary (Vernon) Bomar, of the same place; great- grandson of John Earle, a captain in the Rev olutionary War, afterwards a colonel; great- great-grandson of John Bomar, a soldier in the Revolution who was captured in the battle of Vol. 111—12 Trenton. The Bomars came from England and probably are of Swedish origin. The Earles are of English descent, and the Vernons emigrated from the northern part of Ireland. Paul V. Bomar received his early education in private schools and attended Wofford Col lege, Spartanburg, S. C, while James H. Davis, LL. D., was president of the college. He stud ied under J. H. Kirkland, who was later chan cellor of Vanderbilt University and was grad uated, A. B., 1882. He entered the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, at Louisville, Ky., and was graduated, Th. M., 1888. John A. Brodus instructed him in theology there, and James P. Boyce was president of the institu tion. He was ordained a minister in the Bap tist Church, Spartanburg, S. C, June 1888. He immediately was placed in charge of the pastor ate in Camden, S. C, and held this position from" 1888 until 1891, when he became pastor of the Baptist church at Versailles, Ky. He re mained there for five years, then came to Mar ion and took charge of the pastorate in 1897. At the same time he taught in Judson College of that city. He has remained in the pastorate in Marion since that time. He is a Mason and a member of the Knights of Pythias. Married: September 6, 1888, near Landrum, S. C, Nannie Elizabeth, daughter of Oliver Perry and Rachel Katherine (Davis) Earle of Landrum, S. C, the former at one time a member of the South Carolina legislature; great-granddaughter of Baylis Earle, who held a civil position during the Revolutionary War. Children: 1. Harriet E., resides in Orrville; 2. Mary Earle; 3. John Earle; 4. Louisa Nancy; 5. Paul Vernon. Residence: Marion. BOND, JAMES, lawyer and legislator, was born in 1836, at Baltimore, and died January 5, 1886, at Mobile. At an early age he moved with his parents to Mobile. He served as deputy clerk of the city court, then began to study law in the office of Anderson & Boyles. He was admitted to the bar in Mobile in 1858, and became a law partner in the firm of Anderson & Boyles, his former preceptors. He was elected solicitor of the Mobile circuit in 1861, and later, to the Alabama state legislature and to the city coun cil of Mobile. For a number of years before his death, he represented the first ward of Mobile in the police board, and was for some time chairman of the finance committee. He ren dered valuable legal service in connection with the legislation necessitated by the dissolution of the old City of Mobile. He was a member of the Episcopal church, was for a number of years the chancellor of that Episcopal diocese, and the legal adviser of Bishop Wilmer. He was a member of the Alabama State Bar Asso ciation. Last residence: Mobile. BONDURANT, ALEXANDER J., professor of agriculture, 1891-96, at the Alabama polytechnic institute, Auburn. Deceased. BONDURANT, EUGENE DUBOSE, physi cian, was born January 26, 1862, at Gallion, Hale County; son of James William and Evelyn (DuBose) Bondurant, the former a native of Andersonville, Buckingham County, Va., who 172 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY lived in Baltimore, Md., moved to Perry County in 1860, enlisted in the Jeff Davis artillery, was promoted to captain, then colonel, and fin ally became chief of artillery in Hood's corps; grandson of William Fisher and Sarah Yates (Flood) Bondurant of Buckingham County, Va., and of James Henry and Harriet Evans (Peg ues) DuBose, of Gallion; great-grandson of James Henry DuBose who emigrated to Ala bama from South Carolina in 1833, and became owner of several cotton plantations in Marengo and Hale counties; great-great-great-grandson of Elias DuBose, a captain in Marion's brigade during the Revolution, and of Col. Lem uel Benton, commander of one of the three regiments in Marion's brigade and later, a con gressman from South Carolina. The Bondurant family is derived from Jean Bondurant, son of Jean Pierre Bondurant, a Huguenot refugee from Lyons, France, who came to Virginia in 1700, and settled in what is now Henrico County. The DuBose family is descended from Louis DuBose, who came with other Huguenots from Dieppe, Normandy, to South Carolina in 1869. The original name, DuBose, has been cor rupted to DuBose. A paternal ancestor, Ma- thieu AgS, now spelled Agee, was a Huguenot settler in the Virginia colony, and, in the ma ternal line, Christopher Claudius Pegues, a Huguenot refugee of South Carolina, had a son of the same name who was a captain in the Revolution. John Kimbrough, captain in the" Revolution, and Josiah Evans, senator from South Carolina, are other ancestors. Eugene DuBose Bondurant attended Avery School and Southern University at Greens boro. He was graduated from the University of Virginia, M. D., 1883, and took post graduate work for one year in Heidelberg, and for six months in Vienna, 1890-1891. He also studied in London and Edinburg for four months in 1911. He was appointed assistant physician in the New York City Insane Hospital, Blackwells Island, 1884-1885; assistant physician, Alabama Insane Hospital, 1885-1890, and assistant super intendent of the latter, 1892-1897. He became professor of neurology and psychiatry in the medical department of the University of Ala bama, 1897, and has since held that position, in addition to becoming dean of the school of medicine at the same university in 1912. He has been established as a neurological special ist in Mobile, since 1897. He was associate edi tor and a contributor of Sajon's "Encyclo pedia of Practical Medicine," and is author of numerous monographs on neurological topics published in current medical literature during the past twenty years. He was president of the Mobile County Medical Society in 1893-1894, and again in 1903; president of the Alabama State Medical Association in 1895, and again in 1905; trustee of the Alabama Insane Hospital since 1901; and was a member of the Alabama State Epileptic Commission in 1910. He is a Democrat, and Episcopalian. Married: April 19, 1899, at Mobile, Annie Laurie, daughter of Maj. Sydney T. and Helen (Rhodes) Prince of Mobile. She was a great-granddaughter of Gen. James Rhodes of North Carolina, and a great-great-granddaugh ter of Dr. Andrew Bass who emigrated to North Carolina from Wales about twenty years before the Revolution, was a member of the North Carolina assembly which passed the resolution of secession from the British em pire in 1774, and took an active part in the Revolution. Residence: Mobile. BONDURANT, GEORGE PERKINS, lawyer, B. S., graduate of the Alabama polytechnic insti tute, 1895; B. L. graduate University of Mis sissippi, 1898. Residence: Birmingham. BONFILS, SAUVEUR F., professor of mod ern languages at the University of Alabama, 1832-36, Tuscaloosa. BONNER, JOHN MILLER, lawyer and State senator, was born December 3, 1878, at Rose bud (now a discontinued post office), Wilcox County; son of Maj. James and Julia (New berry) Bonner of that place, the former serv ing in the C. S. Army for four years; grandson of William and Ann (Joel) Bonner; residents of Little River, S. C, until 1818, when they removed to Wilcox County, and of Isaac and Sophia (Taylor) Newberry, also natives of South Carolina, who emigrated to Wilcox County early in the history of the State; great-grandson of James Bonner, a native of Scotland, who removed to Ireland, thence to South Carolina, and of Thomas and Elizabeth Lee, of Charleston, S. C, Maj. James and Julia (Newberry) Bonner were the parents of a large and aspiring group of sons, including William Joel, lawyer of Camden, m. Ida Mar- low; Samuel Robert, physician of Camden. m. Carrie Woodward, of Grovehill; James Lee, planter of Rosebud, m. Eula Dale, Oakhill; Ernest, physician of Stewards' Mills, Tex., m. Eliza Bonner, Corsicana, Tex.; Sher wood, editor at Camden, adjutant Second Ala bama regiment, Spanish-American War, m. Nannie Miller, Statesville, N. O, and John M. above. Senator Bonner was educated in the schools at Rosebud, Oak Hill and Camden, all in Wilcox County; was at the University of Alabama 1894-95; Erskine college, S. C, 1895- 96; University of Virginia, 1896-98; and en tered the law school of the University of Ala bama in 1898, and graduated with highest honors in 1900. He began the practice of his profession July 4th following, and has con tinued at the Camden bar since, with the ex ception of eighteen months spent in Mobile. He served as solicitor of Wilcox County, for a part of a term in 1907, and in the legis lature of 1915; as State senator from the 22nd district. He is a Democrat and at the age of twenty-two was elected chairman of the Wil cox County democratic executive committee, which position he held for seven years until his resignation. He is a Presbyterian; a Mason, a Knight of Pythias, and a Columbian Wood man. Married: April 18, 1901, at Camden, to Sarah, daughter of Joseph Neely and Minnie (Bonner) Miller (q. v.) of that place. Chil dren: 1. Ida Marlow; 2. Joe Miller; 3. Sara Miller. Residence: Camden. BOOKER, EDMUND WEBSTER, farmer and member board of convict inspectors, was born DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 173 in Madison County, April 14, 1837; son of Par- ham N. and Mary Marion (Pool) Booker, and a younger brother of Parham N. Booker (q. v.). E. W. Booker was reared in Uniontown, and completed his education at the University of Alabama, 1858. After the war he lived for twelve years in Hale County, of which he was tax collector; in 1879 he settled in Uniontown as a farmer; in 1885 he was appointed by Presi dent Cleveland internal revenue collector for the district of Alabama, resigning with the in coming of President Harrison's administration ; and was a member of the board of convict in spectors of Alabama, 1897-1901. He enlisted as a private in Co. D, Fourth Alabama infantry regiment, April 25, 1861; remained with the regiment until February, 1863; in the summer of that year he enlisted in the Eighth Alabama cavalry regiment, of which he was quarter master, serving until its surrender at Gaines ville in May, 1865. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; a Mason; a Knight of Pythias, and a Knight of Honor. Married: March 5, 1863, to Miss Martha Frances Knight, of Greene County. Twelve children were born of this union. Among these: 1. William Edmund, B. E., University of Alabama, 1886, d. unmarried; 2. Parham Nicholas, bookkeeper, student Uni versity of Alabama, 1887-88, m. Ella Russ Va- son, died at Albany, Ga., February 22, 1916; no issue. BOOKER, PARHAM N., U. S. internal rev enue officer, was born in Madison County, in April, 1832, and died in Perry County; son of Parham N. and Mary Marion (Pool) Booker, both of English descent, and natives of Vir ginia, the former of Richmond County. They came with their parents to Alabama, married, settled in Madison County, and became the parents of eleven children. The senior Booker represented Madison County in the leg islature in 1836; removed later to Uniontown, Perry County, where he became a planter and hotel keeper; served as postmaster and mayor of the town, was a Democrat, and died in 1861. P. N. Booker, jr., received his education in Uniontown, where after attaining manhood he was for five years engaged in mercantile pursuits; removed to Greensboro, and five years later to Sunflower Creek in Mississippi. Ow ing to a permanent physical disability he did not serve in the C. S. Army, but served the government in a civil department. While liv ing on Sunflower Creek he was appointed by President Cleveland, chief deputy of the inter nal revenue collector's office, Montgomery. Un married. Last residence: Perry County. BOONE B. BOYKIN, member of the consti tutional convention of 1901, from Mobile County. BOONE, WILLIAM J., member of the consti tutional convention, 1865, from Tallapoosa County. BOOTH, DANIEL BOON, public official, was born May 15, 1839, at Booth, Autauga County; son of Charles and Elizabeth Ward (Boon) Booth, the former a native of Darlington Dis trict, S. C, a justice of the peace, who was known as "Squire" Booth, and the latter a native of Nash County, N. C. The ancestors of the Booths came from England and settled in South Carolina. The village of Booth was named after the family. The Ward family were also of English descent. Daniel Boon Booth received his early education from Joseph Good rich and C. Whitford Smith, in the country schools of Autauga County. He taught school for a short time in order to obtain money for a college course, and was attending Mossy Creek College, Tenn., at the outbreak of the War of Secession. He left college early in 1861 to join the C. S. Army, and enlisted as a private in the Prattville dragoons, Third Alabama cavalry. He was wounded for life at Corinth, Miss., May 1862. He read law and was licensed to practice in 1870, by the supreme court, but never made law his profession. He was elected tax col lector of Autauga County in 1863, and in 1864, clerk of the circuit court for a period of six years, but resigned in 1868 to accept the ap pointment of clerk of the supreme court, which he held until 1875. He represented the eight eenth senatorial district in the constitutional convention of Alabama of 1875; and was the Republican candidate for congress from the fifth district of Alabama, 1876, against Ex-gov. Ligon, and although defeated, received a much larger vote than the Republican candidate for presi dent. He was appointed collector of internal revenue for the second district of Alabama by President Grant, from 1877 to 1879; was Re publican presidential elector for the fifth dis trict in 1880; and was appointed collector of customs at Mobile by President Harrison, from 1890 to 1894. After this time, he retired from public life and devoted his attention to his farming interests in his native county. He was opposed to the secession of Alabama in 1861, and has been a Republican sinqe the war. He was chairman of the county and district executive committees, and a member of the Republican state executive committee. He is an Episcopalian and a royal arch Mason. Married: April 18, 1867, at Kingston, Sarah Emily, daughter of Judge Grandison Walker and Mary Emily (Jorden) Benson, of that city, the former a probate judge of Au tauga County; granddaughter of Reuben Jor den, who came to Alabama from South Caro lina before the state was admitted into the Union. She was a grand-niece of Gen. John Elmore for whom Elmore County was named. Children: 1. Mary, d. 1910; 2. Knox, b. October 14, 18"70, in Autauga County, attended Alabama Polytechnic Institute and business college at Lexington, Ky., was appointed inspector of customs at the port of Mobile, 1891-1895 ; headed a department of the Prattville Mercantile Com pany, 1892-1902; was appointed United States revenue agent for Tennessee, Arkansas, and Oklahoma, m. Ella Eastburn of Mobile, daugh ter of Theodore L. Eastburn, resides at Nash ville, Tenn.; 3. Charles, postmaster at Pratt ville, m. Sarah Lou Fitzpatrick ; 4. Daniel Boon, jr.. an engineer on the Louisville & Nashville railroad, m. Lela Martinez, resides at Mobile; 5. Douglas, lawyer, m. Mamie Weir, resides 174 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY in Prattville; 6. B. W., physician, resides at Shorter; 7. Myra, teacher in the Prattville Academy; 8. Alice, resides at Prattville. Resi dence: Prattville. BOOTH, JOHN P., lawyer, was born in 1806, in Elbert County, and died May 23, 1851, at Eufaula; son of Col. David and Elizabeth (Po sey) Booth, the former a soldier under Gen. Jackson in the Revolutionary War. He was graduated from Franklin College, and was li censed to practice law in 1826. The following year he settled in Woodville, Henry County, and opened a law office, but spent his winters in Apalachicola. In 1832 he located perma nently in Apalachicola, and the next year served as president of the territorial council. After three years' residence in that town, he moved to Conecuh County and settled there dividing his time between farming and prac ticing law. While escorting his family to Geor gia, a year later, he was warned not to pass through the hostile Creek nation. He stopped in Pike County, recruited one hundred fifty men and led them to Columbus, Ga., where he was slightly wounded in a skirmish. He was elected solicitor of the judicial dis trict, November 22, 1836, and major-general of the sixth division of Alabama militia, April 1837. About this time he moved to Eufaula and made his home there. Having resigned the solicitorship he was elected to the legisla ture from Barbour County, and by that body was elected judge of the sixth circuit, defeat ing Nathan Cook of Lowndes, and H. W. Hil- liard of Montgomery. In 1843 he resigned, and left the bench. He appeared no more in public life, but continued to practice law until his death. He had served as the second of Thomas D. Mitchell, Esq., a solicitor general of Georgia, who was killed in a duel by Dr. Ambrose Baber, of Macon, Ga., in 1826. Married: (1) Miss Dewitt, of Georgia; (2) Miss Hodges, of Florida. Children: 1. a son, graduate of West Point, 1848, d. in North Caro lina in 1863 while serving as an officer in the C. S. Army; 2. a daughter, d., m. Mr. Wallace; 3. Jerome, Needles, Calif.; 4. Dr. James P., set tled in Texas, then in Needles, Calif., m.; 5. Paul. Needles, Calif.; 6. a daughter, m. James Lawlor, Humboldt, Ariz. Last residence: Eu faula. BORDERS, SAMUEL K., farmer, was born January 12, 1822 in Jackson County, Ga., and died December 26, 1881, at Oxford; son of John and Cynthia Borders, the former a native of Virginia, who moved to Tennessee, then to Georgia, and later to Mississippi where he en gaged in planting, and finally came to Calhoun County in 1833, and located near Oxford, be coming one of the most extensive planters in the neighborhood. He received his early school ing in Athens, Ga., and began to study medi cine. At the request of his father, he gave up the idea of a professional life, and turned his energies to farming. He served through the Mexican War in Co. I, First regiment, Alabama Volunteers, and through the War of Secession in the Fifty-first Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army. Married: March 1851, Sallie Williams, daugh ter of Dr. John Williams. Children : 1. Georgia, m. Mr. Christian; 2. Mary, m. Mr. Waters; 3. Hattie, m. Mr. Wilson; 4. Annie; 5. Sallie; 6. Lillie; 7. John. Last residence: Oxford. BORLAND, ERASMUS J., farmer and public official, was born November 15, 1837, in Ran dolph County, Ga.; son of Quintilian and Rachel (Stephenson) Borland, the former a native of Randolph County, Ga., born in 1814, moved to Alabama in 1856, settling on a plantation near Newton, Dale County, entered the C. S. Army in 1861, fighting until near the end of the war, when he was taken sick and died, the latter born in Abbeville district, S. C, 1825, was taken to Georgia by her parents in her early youth, was married in her fourteenth year, and died in 1875. Mr. Borland was reared on the home plantation, and equipped himself to be a farmer. In 1861, he enlisted at the crossroads near his father's homestead, in a company of infantry be ing raised for the C. S. Army by Asch Griffin. The company was sent to Savannah, and dis banded. Shortly afterward, Mr. Borland en listed in Co. C, Thirty-first Georgia infantry, Gordan's brigade, Jackson's corps, Ewell's divi sion, under Gen. Lee. He saw service in Vir ginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania, and May 12, 1864, was captured at Spottsylvania, Va. and sent to Fort Delaware, where he was detained until March 1865, when he was discharged on his parole. He returned to his home in Georgia and resumed farming for three years, then moved to Alabama, where for seven years, he taught school in Dale and Geneva Counties. He finally settled in the latter county in 1880. He served for several years as justice of the peace of Geneva County, and in 1880 was elected pro bate judge of that county. He is a Mason. Mar ried: (1) December 13, 1837, Mary S. Rigell, born in 1821, in Russell County, died March 13, 1881, daughter of Judge Rigell, who moved from Russell County to Dale County with his family; (2) May 3, 1882, Mrs. Drusilla Renfro, born in Georgia and reared in Florida, widow of Elisha Renfro, who died in 1863, while in the C. S. Army, daughter of J. Wallace, and mother of Robert A. Renfro of Campbellton, Fla., and of Elisha A. Renfro, a farmer of Geneva County. Children, by first marriage: 1. James R., a resident of Texas; 2. Mary L., m. Thomas Britt, Eufaula; 3. Georgia L., Geneva County; 4. Columbus Q.; 5. William T.; 6. Cora C. Resi dence: Geneva. BOROUGHS, BRYAN, physician, was born May 14, 1847, in Clarke County; son of Thomas and Rebecca (Morris) Boroughs, the former a native of North Carolina; the grandson of Bryan Boroughs of North Carolina. He re ceived his preparatory schooling in the common schools of the neighborhood and completed his academic education at the University of Ala bama. He entered the medical department of Tulane university, New Orleans, where he took a course, and in 1869, graduated from the Louis ville medical college, Louisville, Ky. He began the practice of his profession at Grove Hill, later locating at Vashti where he remained until 1897, at which time he removed to Jack son. He has served a number of years as health DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 175 officer of Clarke County. He is a Democrat; Mason, and a Baptist. Married: October 9, 1871, at Grove Hill, to Mary Elizabeth, daugh ter of Col. James S. Dickinson (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Imogene; 2. James Dickinson; 3. Bryan Morris; 4. Bessie; 5. Edwin Armistead; 6. Lillian; 7. Frederick. Residence: Jackson. BOROUGHS, S. F., Missionary Baptist min ister, in active service in 1913, and living at Newton. BOSSU, F., French explorer and author. He was a captain in the French marines and was ordered by Governor Kerlerec, December 20, 1758, to depart from New Orleans with a de tachment for Fort Toulouse. He spent some time in Mobile on this voyage. The voyage up the Alabama and into the Coosa took fifty days. He was ordered to return to Mobile and proceed to Fort Tombeche. He was later attached to the forces that were posted in Illi nois spending twelve years in all in the col onies. Author: "Noveaux vouages aux Indes accidentals," 1768; "Noveaux voyages dans l'Amerique Spetentrionale," 1777. BOSSU, N, French traveler and chronicler, born in Baigneux-les-Juifs, about 1725. He was a captain in the French Navy, one of the first travelers to explore Louisiana. He made three journeys to this country, by order of his gov ernment, and published an account of his ex plorations in two volumes, entitled, "Nouveaux voyages aux Indes occidentales, etc.," 1768. An English edition was published in London in 1771, and a Dutch and German edition in Paris in 1777. BOSTICK, FLOYD ALEXANDER, lawyer and State senator, was born December 31, 1866, at Princeton, Jackson County; son of J. R. and Elizabeth (Clay) Bostick, who lived at Princeton. He was educated in the common schools ; at Scottsboro college ; also at Winches ter and Dechard, Tenn., leaving the last place in June, 1896; graduated LL. B., 1897, from the University of Alabama; entered upon the practice at Scottsboro, July, 1897. He was elected a member of the State senate in August, 1900. He is a Methodist. Unmarried. Resi dence: Scottsboro. BOSTICK, FRANCIS W., public official, was born December 8, 1797, in Abbeville District, S. O, and died January 22, 1855, at Carrollton, Pickens County; son of John and Mary (White) Bostick, the former a planter and slave owner of Abbeville District, S. C; grand son of John Bostick, of English descent. He came to Alabama at the age of eighteen, and joined relatives in Madison County; removed to Old Erie, Greene County, 1822, and in 1825, to Pickens County, locating in the vicinity of Pickinsville and finally, 1832, settled in Car rollton. He was elected clerk of the county court, 1828, and held the office continuously until 1848, when he became county administra tor. In 1844 he was elected major of the sec ond division of the Alabama militia. During his whole life he was prominently identified with the interests and history of the county. He was a Democrat of the Andrew Jackson school, and in the days of nullification was a Union man. Married: 1819, in York District, S. C, to Candace M., daughter of Aaron and Dorothy (Morland) Wood. Children: 1. Dorothy M„ m. William A. Mustin; 2. Aaron W., d. unmarried; 3. Elizabeth Araminta, m. Dr. Benjamin F. Wilson, brother of Jason and Dr. William Wilson; 4. Emily Katherine, m. (1) Alfred Austrill, (2) E. T. Croxton; 5. Charles Binley, d. unmarried; 6. Mary Ann Durrett, m. Jason Wilson, membeT of the "Pickens County Guards," C. S. Army, for four years; 7. Candace Mentora, m. Elbert Decatur Willett (q. v.); 8. Rebecca Francis, m. Dr. Wil liam C. Wilson, physician of Carrollton; 9. An drew Jackson, d. unmarried, member of the "Pickens County Guards" C. S. Army, and was killed in the battle of Gettysburg; 10. infant. Last residence: Carrollton. BOSWELL, HARRY RIVES, physician, was born December 12, 1849, near Talladega, Talla dega County, and died February 5, 1896, at that town; son of John Williamson and Demaris (Cox) Boswell, natives respectively of Jasper and Lee Counties, Ga., who settled in Talladega County in 1850, a planter; grandson of Harry and Eliza (Roby) Boswell, natives of Wilkes County, Ga., and of Jesse and Elizabeth (Cock) Cox, the former surveyor general of Georgia 1838-1839. The Boswell family were of Eng lish descent and settled in Virginia. The Cox family were of French stock and emigrated to South Carolina. Dr. Boswell received his aca demic education in the schools of his com munity, Asbury Stockdale being among his early teachers. He graduated in Louisville medical college, Ky., 1870, and at once entered upon the practice of his profession in Talladega, where he afterwards remained. He was a Democrat; and Knight of Honor. Married: June 27, 1877, at "Highland," Talladega, Celia McDowell, daughter of Gov. Lewis Eliphalet and Jane (Christman) Parsons (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Celia Parson Rives, m. Harry Gray- bill Simmons, Mumford; 2. Mary Jean, m. Simeon Augustus Shadie, Mumford. Last resi dence: Talladega. BOSWELL, JAMES DANIEL, farmer, mer chant, lumberman, and legislator, was born August 30, 1868, at Old Pleasant Valley, now known as Bigbee, Washington County; son of William Harrison and Laura (Rain) Boswell, of that place, the former emigrating from Georgia to Washington County in 1858, served 1861-65 in army of the Tennessee, C. S. Army; grandson of Dr. Daniel and Ferebee (Cato) Rain, of Old Pleasant Valley. He was educated in the common schools of Washington County; is now a farmer; has been a lumber, mercan tile and turpentine man; postmaster of Leroy, and justice of the peace; represented Washing ton County in the legislature of 1911. He is a Democrat; Baptist; and a Columbian Wood man. Married: April 14, 1897, to Fannie Eliza beth, daughter of Henry Clay and Mary (Mos- 176 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ley) Atchison, of Bigbee. Children: 1. Wil liam Martin. Residence: Leroy. BOUCHELLE, EZRA FISK, physician, was born December 16, 1818, in Abbeville District, S. C, and died February 6, 1873, at Boligee; son of Jesse and Rebecca Caroline (Cummings) Bouchelle the former a native of Delaware who later located in Athens, Ga. ; grandson of Fran cis Cummings and wife, who was a Miss Davis, of Athens. The father of Jesse Bouchelle came from France and located in Abbeville District. Mr. Bouchelle attended the private school con ducted by Alexander H. Stevens at Athens, Ga.; graduated from the Medical college at Lexing ton Ky.; practiced his profession in Lowndes County, Miss., and in Marengo, Pickens and Greene Counties, Ala.; surgeon in the Confed erate Army, 1861-65; and was superintendent of education of Pickens County, 1870-71. He was a Whig; a Presbyterian, and a Mason. Married: February 6, 1845, at Tuscaloosa, to Maria Tillinghast, daughter of Henry and Frances (Barbour) Minor of that place. The Barbours came from Scotland and settled in Virginia. Children: 1. Frances Minor. 2. Maria Barbour; 3. Henry Minor; 4. Ezra Fisk, m. Sal lie Gondey Gould; 5. Philip Minor; 6. Benjamin Rush; 7. Lucie Amanda; 8. John Friend; 9. Henry Tutwiler, m. Innes Brown Gould. Last residence: Boligee. BOULDIN, VIRGIL, lawyer, was born October 20, 1866, in Jackson County; son of John and Mary (Collins) Bouldin the former a native of Tennessee, who located in Jack son County, in 1855, a farmer, and a Confed erate soldier. He received his early education in the common schools of his native county, attended Burritt college, Spencer Tenn. 1881, and the following year entered Winchester normal school from which he graduated, 1886- taught school in Jackson County one vesr'and in Texas one year; graduated in law at Cumberland university, 1889; was admitted to the bar in Scottsboro in the same year and in 1890 formed a partnership with Wm. L. Martin, attorney general. He was a Demo crat chairman of the Jackson County Demo cratic executive committee and member of the congressional committee of the 8th dis trict" and was delegate to the state conven tion ' 1890-92. He is a Baptist and member of the Beta Theta Pi fraternity. Married: June 12 1895, to Irene, daughter of Judge W. D. Ja'coway, of Dardenell, Ark., and sister of H. M Jacoway, member of congress from Little Rock, Ark. Children: 1. Lizzie p.; 2. John J.; 3. Walter G. Residence: Scottsboro. BOULDIN, WILLIAM GRAVES, pioneer farmer in Madison County, who later moved to Washington County, Texas; descended from Col Thomas Bouldin, of the Colony of Vir ginia; grandfather of Judge David Shelby of Huntsville. BOWCOCK, ROBERT L., physician, grad uate of the medical department, University of Virginia, 1886, admitted to the practice by the county board of Calhoun, Anniston. 1888. Residence: BOWDON, FRANKLIN WELCH, lawyer, rep resentative in congress, was born February 17, 1817, in Chester District, S. C, and died June 15, 1857, at Henderson, Rusk County, Tex.; son of Samuel Bowdon, a planter, who came with his family to Alabama about 1820, and lived and died in Shelby. The mother was a daughter of Thomas Welch, for many years a citizen of Dallas. He was graduated with distinguished honors from the University of Alabama, 1838, and studied law under Chief Justice Chilton, and under Daniel E. Watrous at Montevallo. He was admitted to the bar, came to Talladega in 1838, and was successively the law partner of Thomas and William P. Chilton, and of Tig- nail W. Jones. In 1844 he represented Talladega in the gen eral assembly of the Alabama legislature, and in 1846, by special election, succeeded to the seat in congress vacated by the death of Gen. Felix G. McConnell, defeating Gen. T. A. W"11-e -¦ of Calhoun, and Benjamin Goodman of Cham bers. He was re-elected for the full term, the next year, defeating Gen. J. T. Bradford, his Whig opponent, and again in 1849, defeating Samuel F. Rice, Esq., a Taylor Democrat. After the expiration of his term, he withdrew from public affairs and moved to Tyler, Tex., where he became the partner of George W. Chilton, Esq. He was presidential elector from the state at large, Texas, on the Buchanan ticket, 1856. Mr. Bowdon was a stanch Democrat, and is said to have been the most gifted orator the state has produced. His briefs were pronounced by Chancellor Bowie to be models of legal acu men. Bowdon College, Carroll County, Ga., is named in honor of him. Married: in 1840, at Talladega, Sarah Eliza beth Chilton, daughter of Rev. Thomas and Frances (Stone) Chilton of Elizabethtown, and later of Talladega. Her father was at one time congressman from Kentucky. Children: 1. Flo rence, d., m. Frank McClellan; 2. Georgia C, d., m. Marcus McElderry, had a daughter Fannie C. of Talladega; 3. Franklin Welch, jr., law yer, b. September 17, 1854; served as represen tative in the general assembly, Alabama legisla ture, 1878-1879; was presidential elector, 1884; was elected state senator, 1886; d. September 8, 1886; m. Bessie Jeffries. Last residence: Henderson, Rusk County, Tex. BOWEN, CAWTHON ASBURY, Methodist minister, was born December 25, 1885, at Holly Springs, Marshall County, Miss.; son of James Asbury and Alice (Cawthon) Bowen (q. v.). He received his primary and preparatory educa tion at Water Valley, Columbus and Tupelo, Miss., graduating as class orator from the latter school; attended Millsaps college, Jackson, Miss., through the freshman and sophomore years, and graduated A. B., from Emory col lege, Oxford, Ga., cum laude, June, 1906. Dur ing his attendance at that institution his serv ices conducting religious activities, and as college organist, were recognized by a HON. WILLIAM D. JELKS DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 179 medal. He also edited "Emory Phoenix," did two years post-graduate work at Vander bilt university, graduating A. M., June, 1908, and was a member of the Calumet club and the Y. M. C. A. cabinet at that institution. He en tered the North Alabama conference as supply, 1907, and was stationed at Stevenson; admitted to trial, 1908; returned to Stevenson, 1909, and 1910; admitted into full connection, and sta tioned at Trinity church, Birmingham, 1911, and returned there by the bishop; elected president, North Alabama conference Epworth league, ordained elder and returned to Trinity church, 1912; sent to Dadeville, 1913; elected professor of religious education, Woman's col lege, Montgomery, 1914, and still holds his connection with that institution. He is con ference superintendent of the teacher-training school of the church, and a member of the re ligious education association. He is a Demo crat and a Mason. Married: June 16, 1910, at Birmingham, to Nellie Virginia, daughter of Fred and Jennie (Every) Sloss, of that place; granddaughter of James Sloss (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Sarah Virginia, deceased; 2. Caw- thon Asbury. Residence: Montgomery. BOWEN, JAMES ASBURY, Methodist min ister, was born December 18, 1850, near Water- ford, Marshall County, Miss.; son of Randall Asbury and Sarah Ann (Lewis) Bowen, the former a native of Mississippi, the latter of North Carolina; grandson of John Bowen who lived in Bedford and Rutherford Counties, Tenn. Mr. Bowen attended private schools in his native county, and was for two years a student at New Middleton academy, Smith County, Tenn. He was licensed to preach in 1872 and was admitted to the North Mississippi Methodist conference in 1876, serving that con nection for thirty years, with pastorates in Corinth, Aberdeen, Columbus, Macon, Tupelo, Water Valley, Greenville, Winona and several smaller towns. He was for two years agent of the Grenada female college, Mississippi; was transferred to the North Alabama conference, 1908, with a charge in Huntsville; was ap pointed by the bishop as conference evangelist, 1910; was previously chairman of the commit tee of nine that projected plans for prohibi tion in Mississippi. He is a Democrat; a Knight of Pythias and a Mason. Married: (1) July 9, 1887, at Holly Springs, Miss., to Alice, daughter of Nathan W. and Martha Cawthorn of that place; (2) May 9, 1889, at Center, to Mrs. Sarah Emma Horn, of Rome, Ga., daughter of James and Susan McGee of Center. Children by first wife: 1. C. A. Bowen (q. v.), Methodist minister, m. Nellie Sloss, of Birmingham. Resi dence: Birmingham. BOWIE, ALEXANDER, lawyer and chancel lor, was born near Abbeville, S. C, December 14, 1789, and died in Talladega, December 30, 1866; son of Maj. John and Rosa (Reid) Bowie, the former an emigrant from Scotland, who landed in Virginia, but later settled near Long Cane Creek, Abbeville District, S. C. raised a company of militia, February 5, 1776, was commissioned captain of the Fifth South Caro lina regiment, later acted as brigade-major for Gen. Williamson, elected clerk of the Abbe ville County court and was also at one time justice of the peace; grandson of James and Margaret (Tyre) Bowie, of Dumbartonshire, Scotland, and of Col. George Reid, a native of Cecil County, Me., and a resident of Virginia. Chancellor Bowie graduated from the South Carolina college; studied law under his brother, Maj. George Bowie, and was admitted to the Abbeville bar in 1813, where he practiced with success for a number of years; was commis sioned a colonel of the Eighth regiment, South Carolina militia, and later was commander of the "Abbeville Nullifiers." He served several times as a member of the South Carolina legis lature. In 1835, he removed to Alabama and located in Talladega, where he resumed the practice of law. In 1839, he was elected, over Elisha W. Peck, as chancellor of the northern division of Alabama, a position he held for six years. He was a trustee of the University of Alabama, possessed fine conversational pow ers, legal ability and sound judgment. He as sisted in founding the Alabama historical so ciety, and was its first president, 1850-52. He was a Baptist; and a member of the States' rights party. Married: in January 1814, to Susan Barnett, daughter of John and Mary (Barnett) Jack, natives of -North Carolina, the former having with his brother James, partici pated in the adoption of the Mecklenburg Dec laration of Independence; granddaughter of Col. Patrick and Lillie (McAdough) Jack, of Charlotte, N. C, and of John and Ann (Spratt) Barnett, the former an emigrant from Ireland, who settled in Mecklenburg County, N. C. Chil dren: 1. Rose, d. in infancy; 2. Mary Jane, m. Dr. T. C. Knox; 3. Amanda Ann., d. young; 4. Laura Lilias, m. Rev. Mr. Turpin, of Virginia; 5. Andrew William (q. v.), m. Nancy M. Bowden; 6. Susan Jack, d. in in fancy; 7. Margaret Ross, m. William M. Knox, of Talladega; 8. Ann Alexander, m. Jabez L. M. Curry (q. v.); 9 and 10. Thomas Samuel and Alexander John, twins, d. young. Last residence: Talladega. BOWIE, ANDREW, physician, was born in 1830, in Edgefield, S. C, son of Dr. Samuel W. and Julia R. (Bonham) Bowie; the former a native of Abbeville, S. C, a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania, a planter, and a physician, who practiced medicine in South Carolina until 1835, then settled in Lowndes County; the latter a native of Edgefield District, S. C. The Bowies were of Scotch ancestry and were first represented in this country by three brothers who settled in Virginia, South Caro lina, and Maryland. Gen. M. L. Bonham, an uncle of Andrew Bowie, was a brigadier general in the Virginia army until he resigned to be come governor of South Carolina. After the war, he was a member of congress. James Bowie, a Virginia relative, was the inventor of the bowie knife, and was killed in a duel in Louisiana with a knife of the kind he had in vented. His son, Col. James Bowie; was killed at the Alamo with Col. Crockett in the Texas revolution. Andrew Bowie was the brother of James S. Bowie who joined a squad of Ala- bamians for the settlement of Kansas and died 180 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY en route; of Capt. Malachi Bonham Bowie, leader of a Tennessee cavalry company, C. S. Army, who had four horses killed under him while holding in check Gen. Grierson's forces during a raid on Vicksburg; and of Capt. Mil- ledge L. Bowie, of Co. M., Sixth Alabama In fantry, who was wounded at Antietam, in the Wilderness, and at Spottsylvania, making nec essary the amputation of his leg above the knee joint. Andrew Bowie attended the University of Georgia for six years, and later was graduated from the Charleston Medical College, S. O, 1854. He began to practice medicine at Bragg's Store, and remained there until the outbreak of the War of Secession when he joined the C. S. Army. He spent two years in the hospitals around Richmond, then was made surgeon of the Third Alabama infantry, and served in the field until the close of the war, at which time he was a brigade surgeon. After the war, he located in Benton and has practiced medicine there since that time. Married: (1) in 1856, Mary Ann Arthur, who died in 1863, daughter of Dr. Adam Arthur of Dallas County; (2) in 1865, Sarah Turnley, who died in 1873, in Virginia, daughter of Ed ward Turnley, a farmer; (3) in 1878, Mrs. Anna Bowling Keener, daughter of Col. John Walker, a native of Georgia. Children, by first mar riage; 1. James S., of Tuscaloosa County; 2. Samuel E., of Wilcox County; 3. Mary Julia: by second marriage; 4. Ira M.; 5. Edmond Peake, an orange grower of Florida. Resi dence: Benton. BOWIE, ANDREW WILLIAM, lawyer, was born February 5, 1822, at Abbeville, S. C, and died in Talladega; son of Alexander and Susan Barnett (Jack) Bowie (q. v.). He removed in his early youth to Talladega with his parents; graduated from the University of South Caro lina in 1842, and began the practice of law at Talladega. He served as a volunteer dur ing the Mexican War and at the beginning of the War of Secession raised the first military company in East Alabama, Co. A, 8th Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army, of which he was com missioned captain. Later he raised two other companies and served during the entire four years of the war. After the war, he returned to Talladega and resumed the practice of law until 1875, when he retired to private life, and devoted himself to farming and other interests. Married: in 1849, to Nancy M., daughter of Samuel and Sarah (Welsh) Bowden, of Monte vallo. Children: 1. Samuel Jack, d. unmarried: Talladega; 3. Sue Eva, m. R. D. Orr, of Line- ville; 4. Fannie Louis, m. W. R. Golden; 5. Alexander Yancy; 6. Andrew William, d. un married; 7. Jabez Curry, cashier First national bank, Talladega, treasurer, B. and A. R. R., treasurer of the city of Talladega, secretary and treasurer of the Light and waterworks company; 8. Sydney Johnston (q. v.); 9. Le roy Wiley. Last residence: Talladega. BOWIE, SAMUEL WATT, physician, was born May 10, 1802, at Charleston, S. C, and died October 29, 1881, in Lowndes County; son of Andrew and Rosey Anne (Watt) Bowie, the former a native of Abbeville, S. C, who was a wholesale dry goods merchant of Charleston; grandson of Maj. John and Rosa (Reid) Bowie, the former a native of Scotland, who emigrated to America and located in Virginia where he engaged for several years in traffic with the Cherokee Indians, later removing to Long Cane Creek, Abbeville County, S. C, where he be came a prominent planter, captain in the 5th South Carolina regiment, Revolutionary Army, and after the war, justice of the peace, of Ab beville County, S. C, and of Samuel and Janet (Lesley) Watt, the former a native of Ireland, who emigrated to America, located in South Carolina and served at Ft. Ninety Six, S. C. Dr. Bowie was graduated from the Medical college, Philadelphia, and began the practice of his profession at Abbeville, S. C. He re moved to Lowndes County in 1837, and con tinued the practice of medicine until his death. Married: May 6, 1829, to Julia R., daughter of James and Sophia (Smith) Bonham, of South Carolina; granddaughter of Lieut. Malachi Bon ham, a native of Frederick County, Md., who served in the Revolutionary Army, and sister of Gov. M. L. Bonham, of South Carolina. Chil dren: 1. Andrew, physician, surgeon 3d Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, m. Sarah Miller, daughter of Ira P. and Mary (Duer) Turnley, and great-granddaughter of John Bowie, the progenitor of the Bowies of Vir ginia; 2. James Sheridan, jr., d. 1856 at Bruns wick, Mo., while emigrating to Kansas with Buford's company; 3. Malachi Bonham, served in the Confederate Army, emigrated to Carlton, Hamilton County, Texas, m. Teressa Brooks; 4. Millidge Langdon, served in Confederate Army, tax collector Lowndes County, m. Clemmes L. Safford, of Dallas; 5. Sarah Eliza beth, m. Dr. John S. Peake, of Selma; 6. Sophia Smith, m. Thomas Riggs, of Dallas County; 7. Rosa Elizabeth, m. Joseph R. Dudley. Last residence: Lowndes County. BOWIE, SYDNEY JOHNSTON, lawyer and representative in Congress, was born in Talla dega, July 26, 1865; son of Capt. Andrew W. and Nancy M. (Bowden) Bowie (q. v.). He attended public schools until sixteen years of age, and graduated from the law department of the University of Alabama, LL. B., June 20, 1885. He was admitted to the bar the next month, and has since been continuously en gaged in the practice of his profession; was town clerk of Talladega, 1885-86; alderman, 1891; was for six years a member of the State Democratic executive committee of Alabama, and chairman of the Democratic executive com mittee of Talladega County from 1896 to 1899; never until 1900 a candidate for any position of more than local importance; in 1898, as a member of the legislative committee of the commercial club of Alabama, assisted in the preparation and passage through the legisla ture of a bill to provide for holding a consti tutional convention, and was made chairman of the Democratic executive committee having in charge the ratification of the new consti tution in Calhoun County, 1901; in November, 1899, was appointed chairman of the committee to investigate the sale of about 4,000 acres of DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 181 mineral lands belonging to the university of the State, alleged to have been improperly made, and the report of this committee declaring the sale illegal was sustained by an overwhelming vote of the university alumni and the trus tees of the university; was elected to the Fifty-seventh congress from the fourth con gressional district, without opposition, receiv ing 10,821 votes, taking his seat March 4, 1901; and re-elected to the Fifty-eighth and Fifty-ninth congresses; and declined a renomi- nation. On January 1, 1899, he removed to Birmingham where he was associated in the practice with E. H. Cabaniss. In 1919 he was appointed by Gov. Kilby a member of the newly established State board of education, of which he was elected chairman. Mr. Bowie has taken much interest in education and in all social welfare activities. Married: April 29, 1891, to Annie Foster, daughter of Mr. Etheridge, of Ocala, Fla. Children: 1. Eliza beth Sue; 2. Alice Toole. Residence: Birm ingham. BOWLES, EDMUND D., real estate and in surance agent and negotiator of loans, born September 4, 1855, at Wytheville, Virginia, is the son of Zachariah H. and Mary F. (Pettit) Bowles, who in 1862 removed to Selma. Here at the age of fourteen, he became connected with the Selma Savings Bank, now the Commercial Bank of Selma, with which he remained until 1885, when he resigned his position as first bookkeeper to engage in busi ness under the Arm name of Bibb and Bowles. This partnership continued one year. In addi tion to the real estate and insurance business, Mr. Bowles, by means of his wide knowledge of business and the people, succeeded in dis tributing among the farmers in Central Ala bama, during the last year, nearly a quarter of a million of foreign capital in farm-land loans. He was married December 30, 1880, to Miss H. L. Brown, daughter of Josiah R. Brown. They have one child, Bessie Garland. BOWLES, LLEWELLYN H., Baptist Minis ter, college president, born September 3, 1845; son of Isaac and Emily (Holloway) Bowles, and brother of General Pickney Downie Bowles (q. v.). He was reared on a farm and received a good academic education in the schools of the neighborhood. In 1861, he joined Company G, Third Georgia Infantry, C. S. A., and saw his first fighting at Sawyer's Lane, N. C, and then in numerous skir mishes in the vicinity of Richmond. At Mal vern Hill, he lost his left arm. He went home after a short stay in a private house in Rich mond. After recovering from his wound, he attended Erskine college, S. O, for nearly two years, then a private school in his county until the close of the war, when he entered the State university, South Carolina, graduating therefrom in 1867. Then studying law, he was licensed by the Supreme Court of South Caro lina, and in 1876 went to Troy, Alabama, where he successfully practiced his profession for ten years, when he engaged in merchandis ing. He was for four years a member of the State senate, and during both sessions was chairman of the military committee and was on the committee on the revision of the law. He introduced several local measures, which be came laws. He was the author of the amend ment regarding the carrying of concealed weapons, and the measure to prohibit gambling in futures, which passed the senate .but did not become a law. He continued merchandising until August, 1889, when he became the secre tary of the Troy Fertilizer Company. In July, 1888, he was ordained as a minister of the Bap tist church, and during 1901 was pastor of the second Baptist church of Troy. On Feb ruary 15, 1892, he completed the organization of Troy business college, of which he became presi dent. Rev. Mr. Bowles is a member of the Knights of Honor, and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He was married December 24, 1874, to Julia, daughter of Judge J. McCaleb and Cornelia Wyly. Mrs. Bowles was born in Troy, and was graduated from the Southern female college, of La Grange, Georgia. The family of Rev. Mr. Bowles and Mrs. Bowles consists of three daughters. BOWLES, PINKNEY DOWNIE, lawyer and colonel, C. S. Army; was born July 7, 1835, in Edgefield District, S. C; son of Isaac and Emily (Holloway) Bowles, both of Edgefield District, S. C, the former a planter, civil en gineer, major in the state militia and captain of a minute company in 1832; grandson' of Isaac Bowles and wife, a Miss Dupree, the former a native of Virginia who removed to South Carolina where he became an extensive cotton planter, and of Jordan and Mary (Rear- don) Holloway, the latter the daughter of an Indian agent in the employ of the English gov ernment. The Holloways were of Scotch-Irish descent and were among the earliest settlers of Brunswick County, Va. The Bowles and Reardons were of English descent. Colonel Bowles was educated at the Citadel of Charles ton, S. C, and at the University of Alabama, graduating from the latter in 1857. He then entered the law office of Judge Samuel Mc Gowan and was admitted to the bar in De cember, 1858. He removed to Alabama in April, 1859, locating at Sparta, Conecuh County, and practicing his profession with James A. Stallworth. In January, 1861, he enlisted in a company of Alabama volunteers recruited for the purpose of capturing Fort Pickens. Returning home he assisted in the reorganization of the company and was elected its captain. This company which had been given the name of the "Conecuh Guards" left for the seat of war, April 24, 1861, as Co. E, 4th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. On August 22, 1862, upon the resignation of Maj. Charles L. Scott, he was promoted to that position; in September, of the same year, pro moted lieutenant colonel, three days later be came colonel, and on April 3, 1865, he was placed in command of five regiments and a full brigade staff ordered to report to him although he did not receive his commission as brigadier. At the close of the war he resumed his practice 182 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY at Sparta; removed to Evergreen in 1867 where for ten years he served as prosecuting attorney for Conecuh County, resigning in order to re turn to his private practice. He was an Episco palian; Democrat; and a Mason. Married: February 24, 1862, at Sparta, to Alice Irene, daughter of Judge H. F. and Anna C. Stearns (q. v.). Children: 1. Catherine E., m. Dr. L. M. Fink, oi Tampa, Fla.; 2. Mary Ella, m. J. M. Cobb, of Tampa, Fla.; 3. Minnalula H. Last residence: Evergreen. BOWLES, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, Indian agent, was born in 1763, in Frederick County, Md., and died December 23, 1805, in Moro Castle, Havana, Cuba. He was the son of an English school teacher and the nephew of Car- rington Bowles, who kept a famous print shop in London. He entered the British army at the age of fourteen; sailed with a British regi ment to Jamaica in 1777; later went to Pensa cola where he was dismissed from service for insubordination. He joined a company of Creek Indians; lived upon the Tallapoosa for sev eral years; led a party of Creeks to Pensacola, in 1781, and on account of his services on this occasion was reinstated in the British Army. He went to New York where he alternately acted upon the stage and painted portraits. Lord Dunmore, governor of the Bahamas, ap pointed him trading agent for the Creeks and established for him a commercial house upon the Chattahoochee, but he proved unsuccessful and was ordered to leave the country. He re turned and was made chief of the Creeks and became a terror to all interests against which he acted. He was taken a prisoner in Febru ary, 1792, sent to Madrid; deported to Manila; obtained permission to go to Europe but after a time returned to America renewing his re lations with the Creeks. In 1804 he was be trayed into the hands of the Spaniards, carried to Havana, Cuba, where in a short while he died in the dungeons of Moro Castle. He mar ried the daughter of an Indian chief. BOWLING, WILLIAM BISMARCK, lawyer, was born September 24, 1870, in Calhoun County; son of William E. and Sarah (Elston) Bowling, natives of Tennessee and South Caro lina, respectively, the former moved from Ten nessee to Wedowee, Randolph County, where he taught school, and later located in Calhoun County, where he practiced medicine until his death in 1899; grandson of Allen and Elizabeth Elston, who came from South Carolina to Ala bama about the year 1840, and of Samuel Bow ling, a native of Virginia, who moved to Ten nessee where he resided for many years, and died in Georgia while on a visit. He received his early education in the public schools of Cal houn County, and was graduated from the state normal school at Jacksonville, 1892. He taught school until 1899, when, having read law in his spare time, he was admitted to the bar. He began to practice law at Lafayette, but later moved to Dadeville and has remained there in the practice of his profession. He was nomi nated as the Democratic candidate for the office of solicitor for the fifth circuit, April 11, 1904. He is a Baptist, a Mason, and a member of the Knights of Pythias. Married: June 2, 1896, Frances Collins, of Lafayette, daughter of George E. and Janie (Craig) Collins, both of whom were born in England. Children: 1. George Randolph; 2. Marion; 3. Sarah Frances; 4. Elizabeth. Residence: Dadeville. BOWRON, JAMES, manufacturer, was born November 16, 1844, at Stockton on Tees, Dur ham, England; son of James and Mary Hannah (Moss) Bowron, the former a native of Darling ton, Durham, England, who lived at Stockton on Tees, South Shields, and London, and in 1874 emigrated to South Pittsburg, Tenn.; be came successively managing partner of Close, Bowron & Company, wholesale grocers, Stock ton on Tees; of the Tyne & Tees Glass Com pany, South Shields; of the Tees Bottle Com pany, Stockton on Tees; managing director of the Tyne Chemical Company, South Shields; and of the Southern States Coal, Iron & Land Company, South Pittsburg, Tenn., was the in ventor of the process of pressing glass tiles in stead of bending them from flat glass; was one of the promoters of the Ungerer wood pulp process; and in 1874-1875 acquired the proper ties for the Southern States Coal, Iron & Land Company, which in 1883 were merged into the Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railroad Company; grandson of Joseph and Ann (Hedley) Bowron of Darlington, County of Durham, England, and of Gilbert and Hannah (Laws) Moss of Sunderland, England. The Bowron family, orig inally called Bolron, was founded by a Nor man man-at-arms who settled on the banks of the river Tees and engaged in the milling business. In 1415, Thomas Bolron was a man- at-arms and William Bolron was an archer with Lord Fitz Hugh at the battle of Agincourt. After the battle, the grant to bear arms de veloped, and the Bolron miller adopted the sails of his windmill, and as the village on the Tees had then become Boldrun, in perhaps a spirit of punning on the pronunciation, he selected for crest a springing greyhound, a bold runner, with the motto, "Vigilans, Agilis et Fidelis." John Bolron, who changed the spelling of the name to Bowron, lived from 1627 until 1714, and was the first Quaker missionary to come to America. The Bowrons have been a Quaker family from the organization of the Society of Friends in the seventeenth century down to the present. James Bowron received his early education from Mistress Cosier at a day school in Stock ton on Tees, from a private boarding school conducted in Sutherland, England, by Joseph Special, and at a grammar school conducted by the Society of Friends at Ackworth in York shire, Thomas Pumphrey being superintendent. This was the school at which John Bright, the orator and Quaker tribune, received part of his education. He was unable to attend college, because at that time, the universities were not open to dissenters, but were restricted to mem bers of the Church of England. He entered the Tees Bottle Company, Stockton on Tees, in 1858, as office boy, and advanced until he was man aging director of the company; from 1865 to 1877, he served successively as auditor, director, and vice chairman of the board of the Forcett DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 183 Limestone Company, and of the Foicett Rail way Company; was agent for the Crown Life Insurance Company, London, 1864-1877; auditor of the Tyne Chemical Company, South Shields, England, 1870-1871; senior partner in the im porting and exporting house, J. Bowron & Com pany, Stockton on Tees and Carthagena, Spain, 1872-1877; honorary secretary, Stockton on Tees Chamber of Commerce, 1872-1877; general man ager, Southern States Coal, Iron & Land Com pany, 1877-1882; successively treasurer, secre tary and treasurer, general manager, treasurer, third vice president and treasurer, first vice president and treasurer. Tennessee Coal. Iron & Railroad Company, 1882-1901; vice president, South Pittsburg Pipe Works, South Pittsburg, Tenn.. 1886-1895, and president, 1895-1898; di rector, American Pipe & Foundry Company, South Pittsburg, Tenn., 1899; chairman of the finance committee, Birmingham Trust & Sav ings Bank, Birmingham, 1895-1900; vice presi dent, American Foundry Association, 1900; director, then vice president, Birmingham Chamber of Commerce, 1900-1910; vice presi dent, Dimmick Pipe Company, Birmingham, 1900-1910; vice president, Bessemer Coal, Iron & Land Company, 1900-1913; chairman of the finance committee, American Trust & Savings Bank, Birmingham, 1901-1913; president, Look out Mountain Iron Company, 1902-1903; suc cessively vice president and treasurer, presi dent, receiver and trustee, Southern Iron & Steel Company, 1910-1913; president, Standard Steel Company, 1913; president, Gulf States Steel Company, 1913. Mr. Bowron was chairman of the citizens com mittee to investigate and report on the water supply of Birmingham, and was a member of a similar committee to investigate the street pavement being laid. He represented the city of Birmingham on the board of public welfare, charged with supervising charitable expendi tures. He is a Republican, a thirty-third de gree Mason, a Presbyterian and was temporary chairman of the Alabama state republican con vention, 1900-1911. He has held various posi tions in different societies and organizations. He assisted actively in shaping the policy which led to the first manufacture of basic open hearth steel on a commercial scale in the south, at Ensley; and was one of the first in the United States to utilize waste coke oven gas in the plant at Victoria, Marion County, Tenn., where the waste gas was used for raising steam for fire brick work, and the exhaust steam was used for heating the drying floors of the brick works. Mr. Bowron has contributed articles on political, industrial, and scientific subjects to many newspapers, including the "New York Times," "Bradstreets," "Chattanooga Times," "Tradesman," "Baltimore Manufacturers Rec ord," "Nashville American," and "Birmingham Age Herald." Married: (1) June 20, 1870, at Redcar, Eng land, Ada Louisa, daughter of William and Mary Anne (Reeve) Barrett, of Norton, England; (2) June 14, 1887, at Nashville, Tenn.. Adah Secesh, daughter of Leroy T. and Josephine F. (Beaty) Cunningham. Her father was superintendent of the Vicksburg & Meridian railway. Children, by first marriage : 1. Charles Edward, chief engineer of the Stand ard Steel Company, Birmingham, m. at Tracey City, Tenn., 1897, Adelaide Reilly; 2. Kathleen Mary, d.; 3. Francis James, d.; 4. Frederick William, with Crane & Company, Seattle, Wash.; 5. Arthur John, Crescent Road, Bir mingham, m. Lillian Roden, 1904; 6. Thomas Whitwell, assistant cashier, First National Bank, Birmingham, m. December 2, 1908, at Ellisville, Miss., Mamie Shelby; 7. Mary Ellen. d.; 8. Ada Mary, m. 1903, Dr. James S. McLes- ter, Mountain Terrace, Birmingham: by second marriage; 9. Edith Josephine, Birmingham; 10. Richard Louis, night superintendent, open hearth, Ensley Steel Works, Birmingham; 11. James Edgar, attended University of Alabama; 12. Harold Alfred, attended University of Ala bama; 13. Robert Henry, Birmingham; 14. Paul Joseph, Birmingham. Residence: 1401 South Twentieth street, Birmingham. BOX, FRANKLIN LEROY, lawyer and judge, was born April 9, 1837, on his father's farm near the Coosa River, St. Clair County, and died March 26, 1895, while holding circuit court at Edwardsville ; son of Allen and Mary (Box) Box, second cousins, the former a native of Charleston, S. C, who moved to Sequatchie Valley, Tenn., then to St. Clair County, near the Coosa River, where he farmed until his death; grandson of Henry and Cassandra Box of St. Clair County, and of Seth and Mar garet Box, of the same county. An uncle, Henry Box, fought in the War of 1812, and in the Seminole War. The ancestors of the Box family came to America from Kent, Eng land. There were members of the family in the Revolutionary War, in the War of 1812, and in the Seminole War. He received his early education in the county schools from Lelus Law and Benjamin Franklin Pope, and taught school for several years. He served as superintendent of education of St. Clair County until the outbreak of war in 1861, then resigned to enter the C. S. Army. He was commissioned lieutenant of Co. A, Tenth Alabama regiment, Wilcox's brigade, and acted as major general at times. He remained with the army of northern Virginia until the surren der at Appomatox Court House. He studied law all during the war while he was in winter quar ters, and carried his law books with him when the army moved to other quarters. After the war was over, he continued the study of law in Jacksonville, Calhoun County, teaching school at the same time. After he obtained his license to practice law, he returned to his home town, Ashville, and formed a partnership with Judge John W. Inzer. He was elected to the legislature, 1870-1871, and was at the capitol in Montgomery at the time of the Court House embroglio. Mr. Box was elected state superintendent of education of Alabama and served two terms. Before his second term had expired, he was nominated and elected circuit judge of the sev enth district, was re-elected, and was serving his third term at the time of his death. He was a Democrat; a steward in the Methodist Episcopal church, south ; a member of the board of trustees of that church; and a Mason. Married: April 22, 1866, near Ashville, Sarah 184 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Isabella, daughter of William Amberson and Susan (Hardwick) Van de Grift, of Irish and Scotch-Irish descent respectively; granddaughter of Christopher Columbus and Rebecca (Amberson) Van de Grift, and of James and Violetta (Elder) Hardwick, the for mer a member of the Alabama legislature from Tuscaloosa at the same time his brother Mac Hardwick was serving in the state senate. Mrs. Box's mother was related to Gov. Fitzpatrick, and her grandfather and great grandfather Hardwick came from England and were of the royal family of that name. Children: 1. Lula Eugenia, graduate of Tuscaloosa Female Col lege, m. James Alden Embry, circuit solicitor of the seventh district, Ashville; 2. Albert Eugene, student at the University of Alabama, d. of malarial fever at the age of eighteen; 3. Stella Irene, graduate of Tuscaloosa Female College, m. Thomas Jefferson Hodges, cotton buyer and commission merchant, Birmingham. Last residence: Ashville. BOYD, ALFRED, physician, was born at Prosperity, Newberry District, S. C, and died September 21, 1882, at Troy, Pike County; son of Capt. Archibald Boyd, a successful merchant and farmer at Prosperity, Newberry District, S. C, his native state. He was of Scotch-Irish an cestry. Alfred Boyd received his early school ing at Prosperity, S. C, and completed his edu cation at Lexington, S. C. In 1835, he went with his wife to Fayette County to visit rela tives for a few months, but because of the out break of Indian hostilities, was compelled to remain much longer than he had intended. He began teaching as principal of the school at Somerville, Tenn., with his wife as assistant, and was occupied in this way for two years. After the Indians were driven west of the Mis sissippi River, he moved, in 1837, with his fam ily to Pike County, and taught school at Orion and Troy until 1844. He began to study medi cine, attended the medicil college at Charleston, S. C, and was graduated 1846. He returned to Alabama, located at Dublin, Montgomery County, taught school and practiced medicine for a year. By this time his practice had be come so extensive that he dropped teaching and devoted all his time to medicine. He practiced in Dublin until 1862. moved to Ramer and prac ticed until 1869; then to Troy, Pike County, where be practiced until his death. He was a BaDtist and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: December 1834. Carrie A. Jones. Children: 1. Casper W., enlisted in the C. S. Army, was ordered into Virginia with the Fif teenth Alabama infantry, and fought in Jack son's army until the battle of Port Republic, June 8. 1862, in which he fell mortally wounded; 2. James P., enlisted in the C. S. Army, August 1862 and died at home, 1864, from exposure and disease contracted in the army; 3. Joseph A. E., enlisted November 1862, d. at Chattanooga, Tenn.. of injuries and ex posure in the early part of 1865; 4. Hansford D., enlisted at an early age in the C. S. Army April 1865, but was soon discharged because of the termination of the war, has been a practicing dentist at Troy far more than twenty-five years, was one of the founders of the Alabama Dental Association in 1869; 5. Milton P., d. at the age of eighteen; 6. William P., a successful mer chant and planter at Nevada, Tex.; 7. Archi bald J., practiced dentistry for several years, d. May 1891 at Chipley, Fla.; 8. Clary L., den tist, b. February 11, 1860, was graduated from Vanderbilt University, president of the Alabama Dental Association, m. October 13, 1886, Willie L. Crow, daughter of William L. and Mattie E. Crow, three children, Molena, d., Willie Wray, and Artie Lynn resides at Eufaula. Three daughters died in infancy. Last residence: Troy, Pike County. BOYD, ANDREW, physician, was born June 11, 1866, in Jackson County, and died June 22, 1901; son of Dr. J. H. and Johnason (Moore) Boyd, the former a native of Wytheville, Va„ who removed to Madison County, Tenn., en tered the C. S. Army, April 29, 1861, as a mem ber of Co. K, 4th Alabama infantry regiment, in 1862, detailed as assistant surgeon at Chim- borazo hospital, Richmond, Va., established a hospital at Jerusalem, on Nodaway River, Vai, and served as assistant surgeon, transferred to hospital service at Petersburg, Va., sent to Raleigh, N. C, returned to his regiment and remained with it until it surrendered at Ap pomattox, and of Andrew Moore, of Jackson County. Dr. Boyd was educated in the schools of Jackson County; graduated from the Uni versity of Alabama, 1884; received the M. D. degree from the College of physicians and sur geons, Baltimore, Md., 1887; and spent one year as resident hospital physician, Baltimore, Md., 1888-89. Returning to Alabama he located in Larkinsville, where he practiced for one year with his father, later removing to Scotts boro where he formed a partnership with Dr. J. P. Rorex. He was a member of the county and state medical associations; vice-president, 1890, Tri-State medical association; surgeon, 3rd regiment, Alabama State troops; and a Knight of Pythias. Author: contributor pf ar ticles to New York medical news, Alabama med ical and surgical age, and the Southern medical journal. Unmarried. Last residence: Scotts boro. BOYD, BENJAMIN HARTWELL, teacher, was born December 9, 1864, near LaPlace, Ma con County; son of Charles LeRoy and Sarah Angelina (Mason) Boyd, the former a native of Edgefield District, S. C, who moved with his parents to Macon County in 1838 or 1839, was graduated from Oglethorpe University at the time that the father of Rev. T. DeWitt Talmage was president, and Dr. James Woodrow, grand father of Woodrow Wilson, was a professor, was graduated, M. D., 1856, and practiced medicine in Macon County; grandson of Rev. Charles Le Roy and Mary E. (Mathews) Boyd, who lived at Charleston, S. C. and of William and Sarah Angelina (Smith) Mason, who lived in Lowndes and Montgomery Counties. The Boyds are of Scotch-Irish descent, coming to America from Ireland. The Masons are of French descent. Mr. Boyd, with his brother LeRoy, was prepared for college principally on the front porch of the Boyd country residence, first under the in struction of his mother, and after her death, of JOSEPH NORWOOD DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 187 his father. The two boys received the full Latin and Greek course in that fashion, and entered the Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical Col lege, at Auburn, in 1881. They were graduated, A B., 18S4, taking the last A. B. degree given by that institution. His Alma Mater conferred the degree of A. M. on Mr. Boyd in 1892. He began to teach as principal of China Grove High School, Pike County, in 1885, and held that posi tion five years. He moved to Ramer, Montgom ery County, remaining there twelve years, for the greater part of the time conducting a private high school; then went to Brundidge, Pike County where he remained nine years, inter mitting one. In 1911, he was elected principal of the Geneva County High School. He is a Democrat, an elder in the Presbyterian church. has been secretary and Master of Masons, and chancellor commander of the Knights of Pythias is an Odd Fellow and a Woodman of the World. Married: ' June 20, 1886, at China Grove, Maud Cottrell, daughter of Dr. Andrew C and Laura Luvenia (Freeman) Townsend, who lived at China Grove, the for mer twice a member of the State legislature from Pike County, a member of the Twelfth Alabama regiment, Rhode's old brigade, in Co. K who was severely wounded May 31, 1862, in the battle of Seven Pines; granddaughter of Al bert W. and Mary (McNeil) Townsend, who lived near Pine Level, Montgomery County, and of Maj Levi and Mary Elizabeth (Townsend) Freeman. Children: 1. Charles Andrew, d. at Ramer, at the age of four years; 2. James Le Roy, a graduate of Davidson College, North Carolina, 1912, attended the law school of the University of Alabama; 3. Laura Lucile, at tended Agnes Scott College, Decatur, Ga.; 4. Minnie Clare, attended Geneva County High School; 5. Benjamin Hartwell, jr.; 6. Maud Townsend; 7. Miriam Annie, b. 1909. Resi dence: Hartford. BOYD, CHARLES MORGAN, Presbyterian minister, was born April 25, 1875, at Cayce, Marshall County, Miss.; son of William Bal- bridge and Frances Ann (Carrington) Boyd, the former a native of Chester County, S. C, served in War of Secession in 16th Mississippi cavalry under Gen. Forrest, lived after the war at Cayce, Miss., and later at Atoka, Tenn.; grandson of William and Mary (McDaniel) Boyd, and of Nathaniel Robert and Eliza (Petty) Carrington, of Victoria, Marshall County, Miss. Mr. Boyd was educated in the county schools and was prepared for college at Robinson high school, Atoka, Tenn.; gradu ated from Erskine college, S. C, with the de gree of A. B., June, 1900, and A. M., June, 1902; won intercollegiate oratorical contest of South Carolina in 1900, graduated B. D., Erskine col lege, 1902. He entered the ministry at Pros perity, S. C, in 1906, and was called to Ander son, S. C. In 1910 he became pastor of the First Presbyterian church at Tuscaloosa. He is a Democrat. Married: November 4, 1904, at Due West, S. C, to Ella Jane, daughter of Joseph Francis and Martha (Brice) Lee, of that place. Children: two died in infancy. Residence: Tuscaloosa. Vol. 111—13 BOYD, DAVID FRENCH, educator, was born October 5, 1834, at Wytheville, Wythe County, Va., and died May 27, 1899, at Baton Rouge, La.; son of Col. Thomas Jefferson and Minerva Ann (French) Boyd, the former a native of Char lottesville, Albemarle County, Va., born in 1804 and died in 1893, who was admitted to the bar in 1828, moved to Wytheville, 1829, was a mem ber of the town council of Wytheville, Va., for fifty-five consecutive years, was in the commis sary department of the C. S. Army, 1861-1865, a member of the Virginia legislature, and a mem ber and president of the board of public works of Virginia; grandson of Thomas Duckett and Mary (Magruder) Boyd, born in 1767 and 1766 respectively, natives of Prince George's County, Md., who lived at Boyd's Tavern, Albemarle County, Va., the former fought with Capt. Carr's Co. of cavalry, Albemarle County, Va., in the War of 1812, was captured at Norfolk and held a prisoner at Bermuda, West Indies, for eleven months; and of David and Mary (Dingess) French, of Pearisburg, Giles County, Va., the former born in 1772 and died in 1833, the latter born in 1779 and died in 1829; great grandson of Thomas and Charity (Duckett) Boyd, the former, born in 1734, died in 1797, was first lieutenant and adjutant of the famous Fifth Maryland regiment in the Revolution; great-great-grandson of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Harwood) Boyd; great-great-great grandson of John and Eleanor (FitzRedmunds) Boyd, jr., the latter a kinswoman of Charles Carroll, 1st; great-great-great-great-grandson of John and Mary Boyd, who emigrated from Ayrshire, Scot land, and settled at Boyd's Chance, near An napolis, Anne Arundel County, Md., in 1684, moved to Queen Anne Town, Prince George's County, Md., 1694, and purchased "Ample Grange," one thousand acres. John Boyd was a "Planter and Inn-Holder," the inn being about three miles from the plantation at old Queen Anne Town, now Hardesty, on the. Patuxent River. The inn was conducted by members of the family until 1797. David Boyd French was educated in the clas sical school of Prof. Pike Powers, Staunton, Va., and was graduated from the University of Virginia, A. M., 1856. During the next three years he taught school in Wytheville, Va., and in academies at Homer and Rocky Mount, La. In 1859, when the Louisiana State Seminary was opened at Alexandria under the presidency of William Tecumseh Sherman, Boyd was elected professor of ancient languages. When the War of Secession began, he enlisted as a private, anr1 rose to the rank of major in three arms of the service — infantry, engineers and cavalry. His first service was with the Ninth Louisiana regiment in Stonewall Jackson's army. In 1863, at the request of Gov. Moore of Louisiana, and on order of President Jeffer son Davis, he was commissioned to re-open the Louisiana Seminary and Military Academy, but on discovery that the region about the institu tion was subject to invasion, he was assigned to duty as captain of engineers under Gen. Richard Taylor in Louisiana. He was promoted to ma jor and to chief of engineers under Gen. Tay lor. He constructed Fort De Russey on the 188 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Red River, December 18 1883> at t wm7^l SOn, °f .Marcus Boyd> ^h° »Ved in Williamston County, Tenn., where he was married to a Miss Hamilton, mother of Rufus K. Boyd and moved to Springfield where his . L^1'6 dled' married a Miss Price, sister of William C. Price, United States treasurer during Buchanan's administration, was a mem ber of the Missouri legislature several times, colonel m the Missouri state militia, U S Army, and grand master and grand high priest of Missouri Masonry. The maiden name of the paternal grandmother of Rufus K. Price was Edmiston and her parents, as well as those of her husband, came from Ireland. Her father was killed at King's Mountain during , f Re™lutionary War. She was a cousin of Adam Clark, author of "Clark's Commentaries." The Edmiston, now spelled Edmundsen, and Buchanan families, ancestors of Mr. Boyd were prominent in southwestern Virginia prior to and during the Revolution. The Buchanans came from the southeastern part of Pennsyl vania to Virginia, and were of the same family from which President James Buchanan was descended Sempronius Hamilton Boyd, brother of Rufus K., twice represented the Springfield, 190 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Mo., district in congress, and was minister to Siam under President Benjamin Harrison. An other brother, Audley Shanklin Hamilton Boyd, was a physician at Carrsville, Ky. Mr. Boyd received little education other than that obtained in the common schools of his neighborhood, and in 1849, when he was eighteen years old, he went to California and joined William Walker in his Nicaragua En terprise. He probably escaped execution with .Walker by being on a temporary recruiting mission in New Orleans, La., at the time' of Walker's capture. When the War of Secession began, he joined Stewart's cavalry as a private, and served until 1863, then returned to his home for the first time since leaving it in 1849, in order to organize a regiment of volun teers for the C. S. Army. Circumstances frus trated this attempt, and soon he left home again. For several years his family received no tidings of him, and of this period of his life nothing definite is known, but it is certain that he was a member of Quantrell's band of guerrillas during the remainder of the war. Frank James, the noted outlaw, when in prison in Huntsville, so stated, and said that he knew Boyd well. Dr. W. C. McCoy, later a Methodist minister in the northern Alabama conference, and father of Bishop McCoy, was a member of the same band. How Mr. Boyd received the knowledge of law that he possessed when he came to Alabama is unknown. In December 1865, he located at Gunters ville and formed a law partnership with the late Judge Louis Wyeth, under the firm name , of Wyeth & Boyd. This partnership continued until Mr. Wyeth went on the bench as circuit judge. In 1872, Mr. Boyd was elected to the legislature from Marshall County and became a leader in that body. In 1874 he was nomi nated and elected secretary of state on the democratic ticket headed by George S. Hous ton, which redeemed Alabama from the carpet bag rule; and was reelected for two years in 1876. He was an uncompromising Democrat, one of the acknowledged state leaders of his party, a Methodist Episcopalian, and a Master Mason. Married: March 15, 1866, at Gunters ville, Amanda, daughter of GrandisOn and Martha Ann (Hampton) Greenwood, natives of Georgia and Tennessee respectively, who lived at Guntersville; granddaughter of John Hampton of the same place. Last resi dence: Guntersville. BOYDSTON, SAMUEL, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 72, and a resident of Perry County; private Tennessee Militia; en rolled on September 17, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832; payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $46.66; sums received to date of publication of list, $116.65. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in Vol. xiv, Sen. Doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BOYKIN, BURWELL, commission merchant, was born in 1813, in Kershaw District, S. C, and died July, 1857, on his plantation in Dallas County; son of Frank Boykin, of Conecuh County, formerly of South Carolina. He was graduated at Tuscaloosa and practiced law a short time at Cahaba; served as colonel in the Indian wars, 1836-1837; was appointed secretary to one of the European legations; became a commission merchant, in partnership with Gen. Colin McRae, at Mobile; engaged in planting at Portland; represented Dallas in the general assembly of Alabama legislature for two terms; and died on his way to University to deliver the Annual-Address before the literary societies. Married: (l) Maria Shortridge, sister of Judge Shortridge of Shelby; (2) Elizabeth McRae, sister of Gen. Colin McRae. One of his sons is an attorney at the bar of Dallas. Last residence: Dallas County. BOYKIN, FRANK, Jr., planter, was born March 3, 1842, in Dallas County; son of Frank Boykin, a native of South Carolina. He was attending the University of Virginia at the outbreak of the War of Secession, and left that institution to enter the C. S. Army in April, 1861. He joined the Alabama mounted rifles as a private in Wilcox County, where his family was at that time residing, but was discharged after a few months because of ill health. As soon as he had sufficiently recovered, he joined the Second Alabama cavalry, and at the or ganization of that regiment in the spring of 1862, was made sergeant-major. Early in the next year, while campaigning in northern Georgia, he was promoted to lieutenant for gal lantry on the battlefield. The promotion was in compliance with an act of congress and an order of the war department — the order setting forth, among other things, that the commis sion was issued in consideration of "particular skill and valor upon every battlefield upon which he was engaged." Lieut. Boykin was assigned to the staff of Col. Earle, with the rank of regimental adjutant, and was with Earle, who was afterwards a brigadier-general, until the death of the latter, late in 1864. Fol lowing this event, he was assigned to the staff of Gen. Ferguson, and with him, surrendered at Washington, Ga., to which point they had escorted President Davis from South Carolina. Lieut. Boykin, under special orders from Gen. Ferguson, had escorted John C. Breckinridge, secretary of war, to Washington, Ga. While in the service, he participated in all the cavalry engagements from Resaca to Savannah. At the close of the war, he returned to Alabama, tak ing charge of his father's plantations in Dallas County, and gave his attention to cotton raising until 1880. In 1878, he was the unanimous choice of the democratic convention for repre sentative to the legislature, and was one of the first members returned as a Democrat, from Dallas County, after the war. He was elected tax collector in 1882 and re-elected in 1884. He was chairman of the delegation in the interest of Col. N. H. R. Dawson for gov ernor in the campaign of 1886, and during the days of Republican rule, was a member of the "Lightening Committee." Married: In Dallas County, 1865, a daughter of Burwell Boykin (q. v.) Children: Two sons and one daughter. Residence: Dallas County. BOYKIN, JAMES OWEN, physician, was born August 7, 1821, in Baldwin County, Ga., DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 191 where Milledgeville now is located, and died May 6, 1901, in Portland; son of James and Clara B. (Owens) Boykin, the former a native of Baldwin County, Ga., and a veteran of the War of 1812, who moved to Columbus, Ga., where he died, 1846; grandson of Maj. Francis and Catharine (Whitaker) Boykin. Dr. Boykin was a graduate of Transylvania Medical Col lege, Lexington, Ky., and of the Kentucky School of Medicine at Louisville. He practiced at Tilden, exclusively, for fifty-five years. Mar ried: Ann Mary, daughter of Samuel G. and Catherine C. (Maguire) Swift, of Mobile. Children: 1. Samuel Swift (q. v.). Last resi dence: Portland. BOYKIN, SAMUEL SWIFT, physician, was born February 2, 1868, at Tilden, Dallas County; son of James Owen and Ann Mary (Swift) Boykin (q. v.); grandson of James and Clara B. (Owens) Boykin, the former a native of Georgia and a veteran of the War of 1812, and of Samuel G. and Catherine C. (Maguire) Swift of Mobile; great grandson of Maj. Francis and Catharine (Whitaker) Boykin. Dr. Boykin gained his early education in the public schools of Dallas County, and later attended the medi cal department of the University of Alabama, at Mobile, from which he received the degree of M. D., April 10, 1896. After his graduation, he located at Portland and began to practice medicine, and has continued his practice in that city. He is a member of the county execu tive committee, is a Democrat and a Catholic. Married: June 29, 1892, at Portland, Lodie E. LaPointe,- daughter of Napoleon B. and Toinette E. (Niolon) LaPointe, of Portland. Residence: Minter, R. R. No. 2. BOYKIN, WILLIAM JOHNSON, lawyer, was born November 8, 1861, at Oswichee, Russell County; son of James William and Athalie Annett (Johnson) Boykin, the former a native of Columbus, Ga., who came to Alabama, lived in Oswichee, Glennville and other places in Russell County, where he farmed and was a mechanic, joined Co. I, 34th Alabama regiment, C. S. Army in 1862, and served throughout the war, being wounded several times; grandson of Francis E. and Fannie (Hudson) Boykin of Pike County, near Perote, and later of Union Springs, the former treasurer of Bullock County for two terms of four years each, and a member of both houses of the Alabama legislature; and of Isaac and Bettie Johnson who lived near Hamilton, Harris County, Ga., great-grandson of James Boykin who fought in the War of 1812; great-great-grandson of Francis Boykin, who served as captain and later, major, in the Revolutionary War, and fought with distinc tion at Ft. Moultrie. Edward Boykin, the first American ancestor, came from Caernarvonshire, Wales, in 1685. The parents of Mr. Boykin moved to Glennville during his childhood, and he attended private school there under Hon. William H. Chambers and Rev. John Dyer, and later under Rev. George W. Fuller, at Seale. He entered South West Georgia Agricultural College of Cuthbert for one term, then devoted his attention to farming until 1889', when his health broke down and he was forced to seek a change in occupation. He began to read law under the direction of Col. L. W. Martin and Hon. John V. Smith at Seale, and in 1890 en tered the law school of the University of Ala bama, where he was graduated, LL. B., 1891. He was admitted to the bar, July, 1891, and began practice at Seale. In 1894, having been nom inated without opposition on the Democratic ticket, he was elected to the house from Rus sell County. Two years later, he was elected state senator from the twenty-seventh district by nearly a two thousand majority vote over his opponent, who was endorsed by the Popu list and Republican parties. He served in the house as chairman of the committee on com merce and common carriers, and was a mem ber of the judiciary committee; in the first session of the senate, he was a member of the judiciary committee, and chairman of the com mittee on commerce and common carriers; and in the second session of the senate, was chair man of the judiciary committee, and member of the rules committee. He moved to Gadsden in 1898 where he has since continued his prac tice. He was appointed solicitor for Etowah County by Gov. B. B. Comer. He was a mem ber of the state Democratic executive commit tee which nominated W. C. Oates for governor, is a Baptist, a Royal Arch Mason, a member of the Knights of Pythias and of the Order of Elks. Married: October 5, 1882, at Villula, Russell County, Bessie Allen Ware, daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Nuckolls) Ware, of Villula, the former a planter and land owner in Russell County; granddaughter of Nathan- ial Nuckolls. She died May 23, 1902. Chil dren: 1. Nita, Gadsden; 2. Alice, m. H. C. Kilgore, Gadsden; 3. Bessie, Gadsden; 4. Willie, d. 1909; 5. Benton, Gadsden. Residence: Gads den. BOYLES, WILLIAM, lawyer, was born in 1818, near Mt. Airy, N. C, and died March 29, 1882 at Mobile; son of Joseph and Nancy (Boyles) Boyles, first cousins. His parents moved to Little River, Monroe County, during his early childhood, and he was reared there. He was educated in the common schools of the county and entered the mercantile business in his early manhood. Some time later he began to study law under Edmund S. Dargan, afterward chief justice of the supreme court of Alabama, and was admitted to the bar, Feb ruary 23, 1843. He practiced law in Mobile from that time until the outbreak of war in 1861. He raised a battalion of cavalry at Mobile called the "First Alabama Partisan Rangers," and was placed in its command. After several months' training, his command was ordered to Tupelo, Miss., where the battalion was con solidated with Street's Mississippi battalion, and was organized as the Fifty-sixth Alabama regiment of cavalry, with Mr. Boyles as colonel. Under generals Stephen D. Lee, Ruggles, Har dee, Joseph Wheeler, and Joseph E. Johnston, this regiment took part in many battles in Mississippi, northern Alabama, Tennessee, and in Georgia where it was active in harrassing Gen. Sherman in his march to the sea. After the fall of Savannah, the regiment retreated in the Carolinas with the balance of Johnston's 192 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY army and was surrendered in the articles of capitulation between Johnston and Sherman in April, 1865, with one hundred fifty-four men left out of the thousand who first composed it. It was always in the hottest of the fight, and was conspicuous on many occasions for its heroic conduct on the field. Col. Boyles was created a brigadier-general, but his commission failed to reach him before the close of hos tilities. After the war was ended, he returned to his home in Mobile and resumed the practice of law. From 1877 until his death five years later, he was the law partner of his nephew, James M. Cloud. At one time, he represented Mobile County in the state legislature. Last residence: Mobile. BOYNTON, WILLIAM NATHAN, merchant, was born July 28, 1831, at New Haven, Addi son County, Vt., and died August 22, 1896, at Talladega; son of Rev. Henry and Abigail (Barton) Boynton the former a Presbyterian minister, born in 1799 and died in 1882, who reared a family of four sons and three daugh ters, all of whom received college educations. The Boyntons originally came from Scotland, in the persons of three brothers who settled, one in Connecticut, another in Georgia and the third in Ohio. The- one who settled in Con necticut is the progenitor of this line of Boyn tons. The family was introduced into Vermont by John Boynton, a soldier in the Colonial Army during the Revolution. Mr. Boynton was graduated from Hamilton College, Clinton, N. Y., 1854, and from the law department of the New York University, 1857. He moved to Alabama in 1854, taught school one year in Wilcox County, and in 1857 located at Cahaba where he practiced law. In 1862, he enlisted in the First Alabama regiment, C. S. Army and served until the end of the war. After leav ing the army, he located at Selma, where, in partnership with Alexander White, he prac ticed law until 1882. The next year he moved to Talladega and engaged in the mercantile busi ness. He was a Freemason and a Presbyterian. Married: June 28, 1859, Fannie A. Isbell, daughter of Maj. James and Rutelia (Haston) Isbell, of Talladega. Her father was founder of the Isbell Bank, the oldest bank in the state, and of the City National Bank at Selma, and was one of the organizers of the Presby terian Church at Talladega. Children: 1. Wil liam Hardie, b. February 23, 1868, at Selma, was graduated from Cornell University, served as city treasurer of Talladega, is past exalted ruler of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, m. Maud Camp, daughter of Judge J. E. and Annie Camp, one daughter, resides at Talladega; 2. Theodore Dwight; and four other children who are now dead. Last resi dence : Talladega. BOZEMAN, NATHAN, physician, was born near Greenville, Butler County, March 26, 1825, and died in New York, N. Y., Decem ber 21, 1905; son of Nathan and Harriet (Knotts) Bozeman, the former a farmer, a Democrat, and a Primitive Baptist, a native of North Carolina, made a trip in 1806 with his father to Illinois, removed in 1819 with his family to near Montezuma, Covington County, located in 1825 in Butler County, lived in Lowndes, Tallapoosa, and Coosa Counties, served as a magistrate many years, and at the time of his death in 1848, resided at Nixburg; grandson of Joseph Bozeman and wife, who was a Miss Wood, the former a native of Bla den County, N. O, a farmer, served in the Con tinental Army, removed to Georgia, thence to Illinois, returned to Georgia, in 1818 located in Alabama where he died in 1821, and of Na thaniel Knotts, of Scotch extraction, a native of South Carolina, who served as a captain in the Continental Army, removed later to Georgia; great-grandson of Samuel and Ann (Richard- . son) Bozeman, of Bladen County, N. C. It is thought that the Bozeman family came from Holland, probably locating in New York whence members emigrated to Maryland and to North Carolina. Dr. Bozeman had limited opportuni ties for securing an education, but by diligent application educated himself, and when eight- teen was a surveyor. After a season in the office of Dr. James A. Kelly, of Coosa County, in 1846 he entered the University of Louisville, Kentucky, and graduated in 1848. For a brief period he was a private assistant to Dr. Samuel D. Gross; demonstrator of anatomy in the col lege under Dr. Tobias G. Richardson, and also served as an assistant in the Louisville marine hospital. Soon after his graduation Dr. Boze-; man administered chloroform in an operation of ovariotomy, performed by Prof. Henry Mil ler, of Louisville, said by the "Medical Record," June 7, 1879, to be "the first successful one of its kind performed under anesthesia in the United States." In June 1849 he located at Montgomery; at first did a general practice; soon he began to specialize in the diseases of women; for a brief period he was a partner of Dr. J. Marion Sims; was most noted at this period as well as later for his successful oper ations for visico-vaginal fistula. On May 12, 1855, at Montgomery, Dr. Bozeman performed the first operation in which a button suture was used, and by the solution of this problem he was enabled to effect cures without endan gering the organs involved. In June, 1858, he visited Europe, where he performed visico- vaginal fistula operations in London, Edin burgh, Glasgow, and Paris. Returning to America the same year he opened a private hos pital in New Orleans for the treatment . of women; and was appointed attending surgeon to the charity hospital there in 1861. He served as a surgeon in the C. S. Army, was at the first battle of Manassas, and was on the medi cal board for the examination of surgeons. In 1866 he located in New York, and there he resided until his death. The years 1874, 1875, and 1876 were spent in Europe where he demonstrated the practicability of his theories, by successful operations in Germany and France. Returning to New York in the spring of 1877, he took up again his usual line of work; and upon the death of Dr. E. R. Peaslee, was appointed in February, 1878, to the attend ing staff of the New York State women's hos pital. Becoming interested in ovariotomy he advocated a system of preparatory treatment, performing two successful operations in May, COLONEL WILLIAM W. GARTH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 195 1878. In 1889, after eleven years service with the attending staff of the Woman's hospital, he retired and opened a private sanitarium. The degree of doctor of laws was conferred on him by the University of Alabama, 1891. Dr. Bozeman published between thirty-five and forty monographs, and contributed very fre quently to the medical press. Married: (1) October 25, 1852, to Fannie, daughter of Rev. B. B. Lamar, and granddaughter of John La mar, a soldier of the Revolution, and a first cousin of Justice L. Q. C. Lamar. (2) a cousin of the first wife, of Macon, Ga. Children, by first marriage: 1. Geraldine, d. young; 2. Na than Gross, physician, educated abroad, Uni versity of Virginia and at Yale; and graduated from the College of physicians and surgeons, New York. 3. Fannie Lamar, m. Joseph H. Ry lance, parents of Joseph Bozeman Rylance (q. v.). Last residence: New York, N. Y. BRADFIELD, JOHN, physician, was born May 12, 1815, in Rockingham County, N. C; son of Louis and Mary (Farrar) Bradfield, na tives respectively of Virginia and North Caro lina. He was prepared in Smith's high school, Rockingham County, and was graduated from the medical college in Charleston, S. C, 1845. He began to practice medicine at Uniontown, and continued his practice there for half a cen tury. He was a member of the Perry County and Alabama Medical Societies, and held the office of president of the former and of censor in both; is a member of the Methodist Episco pal church, south, and is a Mason. Married: November, 1845, Emily F. Perkins, daughter of Dr. Archibald and Frances (Ware) Perkins, of Madison, Ga. Children: 1. George Hamil ton, lawyer, b. August 31, 1853, d. March 3, 1893, was graduated from the State universitv, A.B., 1872, A.M., 1874; 2. John Warren, physV cian, was graduated from college, A.B., m. Eliz abeth Davidson, Uniontown, resides in Char lotte, N. C; 3. Louis Thomas, business man, was graduated from the State university, A.B. A.M., 1879, m. July 21, 1886, at University, Lizzie Lewis, daughter of Hon. Burwell Boy kin Lewis (q. v.). Last residence: Union- town. BRADFORD, DANIEL MORGAN, public of ficial, was born September 2, 1793, near War renton, Fauquier County, Va., and died Octo ber 14, 1869, at Huntsville; son of William and Catherine (Morgan) Bradford, natives of Fau quier County, Va., the former who entered the Revolutionary War in his fourteenth or fif teenth year, was present at the surrender of Charleston, S. C, to the British by Gen. Lin coln, and was confined to the N. J. prison ship, was married three times, first to Mary Steele, then to Catherine Morgan, lastly to Nancy Boyles, moved to Sumner County, Tenn., about eighteen miles from Nashville in 1800, and died in 1831; grandson of Joseph Bennett Bradford of Fauquier County, Va., who later located in Burke County, N. O, served in the Revolution under Gen. Thomas Sumter, who presented him with a mahogany clothesbrush after the battle of Guilford Court House for his gallant serv ices, was married three times, first to a Miss George, who became mother of William Brad ford, then to Margaret Wilson, and finally to a Mrs. Jones; great grandson of John and Mary (Marr) Bradford, natives of England and Scot land, respectively, who emigrated to America and settled in Fauquier County, Va. A cousin of Mr. Bradford's father served in the Light Horse Harry Brigade during the Revolution. Gen. Bradford served in Carrol's Life Guards during the Creek War, first as lieutenant, then as captain, under Gen. Jackson at New Orleans, and was complimented, May 13, 1815, by Gen. Carrol for personal bravery during the cam paign. He was located in Huntsville as a dry- goods merchant for many years; was appointed during the late years of his life to be receiver of the land office by President Andrew Johnson, and was general of the militia of Alabama at the time of his death in 1869. He was a mem ber of the Baptist church. Married: February 28, 1822, in Madison County, Mary Booker Lam- kin, daughter of Col. Griffin and Elizabeth Lam- kin of Alabama, formerly of Botetourt County, Va. Children: 1. Charles Napoleon, deceased; 2. Henry Clay (q. v.) ; 3. Jane Gray, m. Hyman Hilzheim, both deceased, last residence, Jack son, Miss.; 4. William Lamkin, was graduated from the U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md., 1856, resigned his lieutenancy in the service, April, 1861, joined the C. S. Army and served till the end of the war, returned to his home with a shattered arm, went to South America, 1866, m. November 29, 1866, in South America, Helen J. Sanchez, daughter of the American Consul to Carthagena, S. A., both deceased; 5. Ellen Douglas, m. John M. Fariss, residence, Dallas, Tex.; 6. nephew, adopted as son by law, Joseph Morgan, midshipman in the U. S. Navy, m. July 15, 1857, Georgietta Goodwin, daughter of Ex-gov. Ichabod Goodwin of New Hampshire, one son, Frank. Last residence: Huntsville. BRADFORD, HENRY CLAY, lawyer, was born July 27, 1829, at Huntsville, and died April 3, 1879, at Scottsboro; son of Daniel Morgan and Mary Booker (Lamkin) Bradford (q. v.); grandson of William and Catherine (Morgan) Bradford and of Col. Griffin and Elizabeth Lamkin of Fauquier County, Va.; great-grandson of Joseph Bennett Bradford. Col. Bradford was educated in the schools of Huntsville, and at the age of eighteen enlisted for service in the Mexican War. He was first lieutenant in Co. H, and Co. D, Thirteenth regiment, U. S. infantry, and served in the battles of Monterey, Vera Cruz, Resaca de la Palma, and the City of Mexico, under command of General Zachary Taylor. After the war, he attended law school at Lebanon, Tenn., during the presidency of Judge Carothers, and was graduated as valedictorian of his class, 1850. He practiced law in Huntsville; was elected to the State legislature; moved to Bellefontaine and practiced law there until the beginning of the War of Secession. He enlisted in the C. S. Army, organizing Co. H, Fifty-fifth Alabama regiment, of which he was captain. He was promoted to colonel and served with distinc tion until the end of the war. He resumed his profession at Scottsboro and practiced there until his death. He was a Democrat and was known as the "silver-tongued orator of North 196 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Alabama." Married: October 19, 1854, at "Oak- wood," near Huntsville, Annie Watkins, daugh ter of William and Harriet (Anderson) Wat kins of Huntsville; granddaughter of William and Susan Watkins of Georgia and of John and Mary Anderson who lived near Baltimore, Md., before moving to Alabama, the latter a des cendant of John, brother of Sir William Wal lace of Scotland. The Watkins family is de scended from one of three Welsh brothers who settled in the Chickahominy Valley, Va. Chil dren: 1. Eva, m. Dr. James L. Timberlake of Stevenson, resides in Blue Mountain, Ark., one son, Lester P.; 2. Annie, m. R. LeRoy Newton, resides in Houston, Tex., three sons Roy, Percy, and Clifford; 3. Percy, Blue Mountain, Ark.; and three sons who are deceased. Last resi dence: Scottsboro. BRADFORD, JACOB TIPTON, public official, was born in 1807 near Morristown, Jefferson County, Tenn., and died March 4, 1866, at Talla dega; son of Benjamin and Mary (McFar land) Bradford, the former a planter who moved to Tennessee from North Carolina; grandson of Joseph Bennett and Margaret (Wilson) Bradford, the former a soldier of the Revolution under Gen. Sumter; great grandson of John and Mary (Marr) Bradford, natives of England and Scotland respectively, who emigrated to America and settled in Fau quier County, Va. The name Bradford is found in the Domesday Book of William the Con queror. Mr. Bradford is a direct descendant of William Bradford, governor of Plymouth Colony, who was born in England, but joined the Pilgrims in Holland and came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620. Gen. Bradford was reared on farms in Morristown and McMinn- ville, Tenn. He was well educated, and settled in Jackson County as a merchant in 1827. In 1832 he was appointed register in the land office at Montevallo for the Tallapoosa Land District, by President Jackson, and was still holding the position when the office was moved to Mardisville. He was elected major-general of the Eighth division of Alabama militia in 1836. By act of the general assembly, passed that same year, Gen. Bradford and Gen. Crabb were appointed to digest and prepare a mili tary code which they submitted in the fall of 1837. The code was adopted and was known as Bradford's and Crabb's Digest. When the land office was transferred to Lebanon in 1842, he made the transfer also, but returned to Talledega County in 1845. Four years later he was the Whig candidate for congress, but his party was defeated. He represented Talladega in the senate from 1853 to 1857, and was ap pointed commissioner of public lands for Ala bama, C. S. A., in 1861, and held this position until the dissolution of the Confederacy in 1865. He was a Whig until 1851, when he transferred his allegiance to the Democratic party. In 1860 he was a delegate to the na tional convention at Charleston, S. C. Mar ried: Louisiana Taul, daughter of Col. Micah and Dorothy (Gholson) Taul of Kentucky. Her father served with a Kentucky regiment in the War of 1812, and was a member of congress from Kentucky. She was a sister of Micah Taul, who was elected secretary of state in 1866. Children: 1. Col. Taul (q. v.); 2. Tip ton (q. v.). Last residence: Talladega. BRADFORD, JOSEPH MORGAN, naval offi cer, was born November 4, 1824, in Sumner County, Tenn., and died April 14, 1872, in Nor folk, Va. He was appointed a midshipman from Alabama, January 10, 1840; warranted as passed midshipman, July 11, 1846; promoted to lieu tenant, September 14, 1855; lieutenant com mander, August 5, 1862; in 1863 assigned to service on the South Atlantic blockading squad ron, as fleet captain; promoted to commander, July 25, 1866; placed on retired list March 16, 1872, and promoted captain on the retired list, March 16, 1872. He left many descendants in Alabama. Last residence: Norfolk, Va. BRADFORD, LAVINIA, teacher, a woman of exceptional qualities and a teacher of great merit. Deceased. Last residence: Montgom ery. BRADFORD, TAUL, lawyer, representative in congress, was born January 20, 1835, at Mardisville, Talladega County, and died October 20, 1883, at Talladega; son of Gen. Jacob Tipton and Louisiana (Taul) Bradford (q. v.); grand son of Benjamin and Mary (McFarland) Brad ford and of Micah and Dorothy (Gholson) Taul. In his youth, Mr. Bradford attended the public school at Mardisville, and later was prepared for college by Gen. William F. Perry. He entered the sophomore class of the Uni versity of Alabama, 1851, and was graduated, A. B„ 1854. Later he received the degree of A. M. from the same institution. He read law in Talladega and was admitted to the bar in 1855. He practiced law in Talladega until the outbreak of the War of Secession. He enlisted in the C. S. Army, was made major of the Tenth regiment, Alabama volunteers, and later was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the Thirtieth regiment, Alabama volunteers. He was elected to represent Talladega County in the general assembly, 1870-1872; and was elected representative of his district to con gress for one term in 1874. He lost his seat in the house in 1876, by the redisricting of the state. He was a Democrat. Married: Febru ary IS, 1856, at Thornhill, Mary Isabella Har- die, daughter of John and Mary Meade (Hall) Hardie, of Thornhill, natives of Scotland and Virginia, respectively; granddaughter of Rev. Isaac and Mary (Meade) Hall. Children: 1. Sidney, b. December 30, 1856, d. November 5, 1865; 2. Chapman, b. October 28, 1858, Brown- wood, Tex.; 3. Mary Hardie, b. November 22, 1860, d. June 9, 1892, m. Marcus Duncan; 4. Louisiana, b. January 30, 1863, d. September 13, 1864; 5. Ann, b. February 5, 1865, d. January 4, 1866; 6. Helen, b. July 4, 1867, d. November 21, 1867; 7. Taul, b. January 15, 1871, d. June 15, 1871; 8. Belle, b. January 30, 1872, d. Feb ruary 23, 1912, m. Alex Coke of Dallas, Tex.; 9. Fannie, b. June 26, 1874, m. J. Harry White, Uniontown; 10. Hardie, b. February 8, 1877, m. Charlotte Morgan, Uniontown; 11. Alva, b. July 10, 1878, m. Hardeman T. Meade, Bir mingham; 12. Kenneth, b. January 19, 1882, m. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 197 Tillie Camp, Staunton, Va. Last residence: Talladega. BRADFORD, THOMAS, lawyer, was born July 18, 1851, near the present Alexis, Chero kee County, and died at Centre; son of James and Margaret Ann (McRae) Bradford. Mr. Bradford attended the country schools, was at the University of Alabama, 1869, and at tended the Southern university in 1870-71. He was graduated from the law school of Cumber land university, LL. B., 1872. He is a lawyer by profession, admitted to the practice in 1874; was register in chancery for Cherokee County, 1884-89, and 1893-98; was judge of probate for that County, 1889-92; has been a member of the board of control for the Seventh district, agricultural school, 1901, and mayor of Centre in 1899-1901. In 1901 he was ap pointed, an associate on the board of convict inspectors. He is a Democrat; and a Metho dist. Married: May 19, 1874, at Fayette, Mo., to Louisa Caroline, daughter of Rev. Dr. John C. and Kate E. (Duffey) Wills of Alexandria, Va. Dr. Wills was a native of Isle of Wight County, Va., a minister in the Methodist church, a teacher in the Southern university, at Greensboro, 1859-71, and president Center college, Fayette, Mo., 1871-1878. Children: 1. Kate Wills; 2. Margaret McRae, m. W. B. Armstrong, Morristown, Tenn.; 3. James Ed ward, m. Katherine Hornbaker; 4. John How ard; 5. Tom Watts; 6. Fannie Lou, m. W. R. Blount, Munford; 7. Lucile Webb, m. A. H. Ferrell, Seale; 8. Richard Courtland. Resi dence: Centre. BRADFORD, THOMAS, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution. "Not so many miles north of Amity church, on this same Choctaw line, stands the grave and memorial stone of an other Revolutionary soldier. "Thomas Bradford. — A slight enclosure sur rounds this lone burial spot, and the headstone, with its few and simple words, reminds every passer-by of man's mortality, and also that the dust is sleeping there of one of the soldiers of '76, the Immortal Band of whom a South Carolina patriot, and eloquent Christian lawyer, asks the touching, the thrilling question, 'Shall they meet again in the amaranthine bowers of spotless purity, of perfect bliss, of eternal glory?' "Thomas Bradford had two sons, Brasil and Nathan."— Rev. T. H. Ball, Clarke County, Ala bama, p. 476. BRADFORD, TIPTON, lawyer, was born April 22, 1839, at Mardisville, Talladega County, and died January 21, 1892, at East Lake, Bir mingham; son of Gen. Jacob Tipton and Louisi ana (Taul) Bradford (q. v.) ; grandson of Ben jamin and Mary (McFarland) Bradford, and of Micah and Dorothy (Gholson) Taul. Captain Taul received his early education in the First School, South wood, Talladega; entered the Uni versity of Alabama in 1856 for one year; at tended Central University of Kentucky at Dan ville, from 1857 to 1859; and was graduated from the law school of the University of Vir- ginia, LL. B., 1860. He was licensed to practice law by the supreme court of Alabama, June, 1860, and located at Talladega, where he re mained until the outbreak of the War of Seces sion, enlisting in Co. A., Brewer's battalion of cavalry, afterwards known as the Eighth Con federate cavalry, Wheeler's corps. He was commissioned captain, was wounded by a shell, and discharged in 1862. He reentered the serv ice In the ordnance department, and was quar termaster at Selma when the war closed. He resumed the practice of law at Birmingham for a time, later moving to Florida; was admitted to the bar in that state, 1886, and opened law practice at Leesburg. Later he returned to Birmingham to practice, and was a resident of that city at the time of his death. It was largely through Capt. Bradford's efforts that the Cincinnati Southern railroad, now known as the C. R. O. & T. P. railway, part of the Q. & C. route, was built. He first brought the build ing of this road to the attention of business men of Chattanooga, Tenn., and Cincinnati, O. He was a Democrat, a Presbyterian, and a Mason. Married: February 9, 1864, at Selma, Jennie Adelia, daughter of Jabez and Anne Robinson, of Oxford, N. Y. She was a di rect descendant of John Robinson, who collected the party of pilgrims in Holland to come to America on the Mayflower, and because of sick ness, sent his son in his stead. There is now in the family the log book which was kept on the Mayflower, and which, at the death of the owner, will be turned over to the Continental Hall in Washington. Children : 1. Annie Maria, m. W. F. Fitts, jr., Tuscaloosa; 2. Louisiana, m. W. R. Trimble, Milford, Neb.; 3. John Tip ton, m. Elisabeth Emma Smith, Tuscaloosa. Last residence: East Lake, Birmingham. BRADLEY, ALEXANDER QUAY, physician, was born April 1, 1808, at Chester, S. C, and died in Marion; son of Gen. Henry and Char lotte (Anderson) Bradley, the former a native of Ireland, who came to this country with his father, Charles Bradley, when he was eight years old and settled in York District, S. C, moved to Chesterville, S. C; was commissioned major in the state troops during the War of 1812, served in the state legislature from Ches ter, S. C, in 1816, and was subsequently elected colonel of the Twenty-sixth regiment of S. C. militia, brigadier-general of the Sixth brigade, major-general of the Third division, and lieu tenant governor of the state in 1822. Dr. Brad ley's maternal grandparents were residents of London, England. He received his early school ing at Chester, S. C, and Lincolnton, N. C; en tered the South Carolina college in 1824 and withdrew from the college the next year, be cause of his father's death. He immediately began to study medicine at his home in Ches ter, S. C, attended lecture courses at Tran sylvania university, Kentucky, and at the medi cal college of Charleston, S. C, from which latter college he was graduated with honor in 1828. He practiced medicine in Chester, S. C, for two years, and in 1830, moved to Marion, Ala., where he practiced until 1857. He was elected to the State legislature from Perry County, in 1839, served through the sessions of 1840 and 1841, and was defeated for the senate 198 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY by Col. Richard B. Walthall, in 1842. He was again elected to the house in 1859, where he opposed the adoption by the legislature, in view of the election of an abolition candidate for president of the United States, of the resolu tion authorizing the governor to call a con vention to take such steps as might be neces sary to preserve the rights and honor of the people of the state, believing that such a reso lution would amount to revolution. With the beginning of the War of Secession, and imme diately after the fall of Fort Sumter, Dr. Bradley enlisted as surgeon of the Fourth Ala bama regiment, and remained with the regi ment until it was ordered to Virginia, when owing to the failure of his health, he was com pelled to withdraw from the service. He was a Whig, later a Democrat; a Presbyterian; and a Mason. He had strong antiquarian tastes and had collected around him many rare books, publications and manuscripts, among the latter an autographed report of the celebrated leader of British cavalry, Tarleton. Last residence: Marion. BRADLEY, JOHN, Sen., soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 83, resided in Clarke County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. BRADLEY, JOHN GURLEY BANKHEAD, public official, was born September 3, 1867, at Fayette Court House; son of Richard Carring ton and Sarah (Gurley) Bradley (q. v.), the former a native of Cumberland County, Va., served as clerk of the circuit court of Marion and Jefferson Counties, and was a leader of a successful movement to exterminate a band of tories during the reconstruction period, who preyed upon and terrorized the people of Marion County; grandson of William Royal and Ellen Sarah (Carrington) Bradley, who lived at "Auburn," fifty miles above Richmond, Va., and of Rev. Jeremiah Godi' and Mary Ann (Stokes) Gurley, of Detroit, Marion County, and later of Jefferson County. Mr. Bradley received his education in the public schools of Birmingham, and at Bellevue academy, a private school lo cated on the North Highlands of that city. He served as chief clerk in the office of the criminal court from 1887 until 1900, when he was ap pointed clerk, which office he held until 1912. He is a Democrat; a Shriner; a Knight Tem plar; a Knight of Pythias; an Odd Fellow; a Woodman and an Elk. Married: April 2, 1890, at Birmingham, Erin, daughter of Dr. Nathan Hobbs and Elizabeth (Torrence) Miller, who lived in Danville, Morgan County, until 1881, when they moved to Birmingham. Her mother is of Scotch-Irish ancestry, a de scendant of Adam and Grizelle Caroline (Mat thews) Torrence, of North Carolina. Her father is a descendant of Benjamin and Eliza beth (Hobbs) Miller, the former a native of North Carolina and of German ancestry, the latter a native of Virginia, and of Scotch- Irish and Welsh lineage. Children: John Mil ler, Birmingham. Residence: Birmingham. BRADLEY, LEE CARRINGTON, lawyer, was born November 12, 1871, at Elyton, Jef ferson County; son of Richard Carrington and Sarah (Gurley) Bradley (q. v.); grandson of William Royal and Ellen Sarah (Carrington) Bradley, who lived at "Auburn," fifty miles above Richmond, Va., and of Rev. Jeremiah Godi and Mary Ann (Stokes) Gurley, of De troit, Marion County, and later of Jefferson County. His father who was born at the home stead, "Auburn," near Cartersville, Cumberland County, Va., moved to Pikesville, Marion County, Ala., enlisted in the C. S. Army, was commissioned captain of his company but saw little service, led a successful movement during the reconstruction period for the extermina tion of a band of tories who preyed upon and' terrorized the people of Marion County; was appointed clerk of the circuit court of Marion County and later of Jefferson County, moved to St. Petersburg, Fla., in 1887, and died there, March 20, 1902. Mr. Bradley was educated in the public schools of Jefferson County, with Prof. Henry, Prof. Brittain, and Miss Mary Calahan as his early teachers. He entered the Southern University at Greensboro, and was graduated with the degree of A. B., 1890, and A. M., 1891. He began to practice law in Bir mingham in 1892; served as assistant solicitor of Jefferson County from 1893 until 1896, and. as solicitor pro tem of the same county for the following year. He has since practiced law in Birmingham. Married: June 24, 1896, at Charlottesville, Va., Eleanor, daughter of Thomas Barton and Mary Amanda (Nor wood) Lyons of Charlottesville, Va., natives of East Feliciana Parish, La. Judge Lyons was a member of the reconstruction consti tutional convention of Louisiana, and with Chief Justice White and Edgar H. Far- rar, constituted the committee which formed the provision of the constitution that estab lished the judicial system of that state. He was also a parish judge. Children: 1. Lee Carrington, jr.; 2. Thomas Lyon. Residence: Birmingham. BRADLEY, L. M., Missionry Baptist min ister, living in 1913. Residence: Birmingham. BRADLEY, RICHARD CARRINGTON, pub lic official, was born in 1839, at "Auburn," near Cartersville, Cumberland County, Va., and died March 20, 1902, at St. Petersburg, Fla.; son of William Royal and Ellen Sarah (Carrington) Bradley, natives of Virginia who emigrated to Alabama in 1848, settled in Marion County, and followed farming. Mr. Bradley was reared in Marion County, and attended the public schools there. In 1860, when he was twenty- one years old, he was elected clerk of the cir cuit court of that county, and was re-elected in 1864. He enlisted for service in the C. S. Army, and was made captain of his company, which was soon after mustered out because it was not -needed at the time. He enlisted again, later, but was rejected on accdunt of his health. During the war, the country about his home was infested with bands of robbers and stragglers from demoralized armies. On the night of April 9, 1865, when he was returning home from a call upon a neighbor, the house in which he boarded was attacked by three DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 199 robbers. He was the only man about the place except a very old one, and being unarmed, was forced to stand and see them, unresisted, carry off the plunder and march him with it to a neighbor's house. They were in the act of robbing that, when Mr. Bradley seized a shot gun, lying on a bed by him, and shot the cap tain of the squad dead. The others escaped, but were subsequently caught and executed by lynch law. Following this event, Mr. Bradley was the leader in a movement to rid the county of these bands of tories, and was successful in their extermination. In 1868 he moved to Ely- ton, and in 1872, to Oxmoor, where he. resided until appointed county clerk for a term of six years. Following the expiration of his term of office in 1886, he moved to St. Petersburg, Fla., and engaged in fruit culture. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. Married: September 6, 1866, Sarah, of Pickens County, daughter of Rev. Jeremiah Godi and Mary Ann (Stokes) Gurley, of Detroit, Marion County, and later of Jeffer son County. Children: 1. John Gurley Bank- head (q. v.); 2. Lee Carrington (q. v.). Last residence: St. Petersburg, Fla. BRADLEY, ROBERT LUTHER, dentist, State treasurer, probate judge, and State sena tor, was born October 8, 1853, at Palmetto, Pickens County; son of John and Barbara (Vail) Bradley, the former a native of Vir ginia; grandson of Hobbs Bradley, of Virginia, and of Jeremiah and Mary Vail natives of South Carolina who later located at Palmetto. Judge Bradley was educated at the Center Hill academy, Palmetto, where he was taught by A. M. Nuckels, Montgomery Bell and Miss Julia Propst. Later he attended the Vernon insti tute. He attended a school of dentistry in Chi cago; entered upon the practice in 1874 at Ver non, Lamar County, and practiced that profes sion for twenty years. In 1886 he was elected to the legislature from Lamar County, and again elected two years later. In 1890 he was elected to membership in the State senate. He served Lamar county as probate judge for eigh teen consecutive years; captain, "Thomas G. Jones riflemen," State troops, for eight years; elected state treasurer, November 1918. He is a Democrat; chairman of Lamar County Demo cratic executive committee, of which he was a member for twenty-two years; and steward in the Methodist Church at Vernon for thirty years. He is a Mason and Odd Fellow. Mar ried: in 1883, at Vernon, to Amanda Lee, daughter of Louis Monroe and Dorcas (Rey nolds) Wimberly of that place. Although Judge and Mrs. Bradley have no children of their own they have raised six orphans who are now all married. Residence: Vernon. BRADLEY, THOMAS BIBB, author and poet. BRADSHAW, CALDWELL, lawyer and busi ness man, was born December 22, 1853, near Pelham, Grundy County, Tenn.; son of Rev. Joseph and Martha Lawrence (Aylor) Brad shaw, the former a Methodist minister and wheelright by trade; grandson of Samuel and Dorcas (Prigmon) Bradshaw of Tracy City, Tenn., and of Anthony and Martha (Lawrence) Aylor of Grundy County, the former a native of Buncombe County, N. C, U. S. surveyor and was awarded a large land warrant on account of services rendered the government, which he located at the present site of Tracy City; great- grandson of Christopher Columbus Bradshaw, a native of Montpelier, Vt., who removed to North Carolina, locating at Asheville, a mechanic by trade, and a Presbyterian minister, was first pastor of the Presbyterian church in Asheville, which he largely built by his own labor, and the father of twelve children, eight of whom were sons, six of these became Presbyterian ministers; great-great-grandson of Oliver Crom well Bradshaw, a native of England, who came to New England from Belfast, Ireland; great- great-great-grandson of Robert Bradshaw, a general under Cromwell and brother of John Bradshaw, chief justice of England, known as the "Regicide." Anthony Aylor was of German descent, son of a Revolutionary soldier, born in America, and served in the War of 1812. Mr. Bradshaw was educated at Cowan, Tenn., and at the University of the South, Sewanee, 1872-73, but did not graduate. He studied law in Little Rock, Ark.; admitted to the practice there in 1880, where he remained six years, and then removed to Birmingham where he now re sides. For eighteen years was resident attorney for the Corbin banking co., of New York, and eight large English investment corporations for Alabama, Mississippi and parts of Georgia, and for the past several years he has been engaged in the industrial development of the Birming ham section. He is a Democrat; and a Presby terian. Married: (1) in 1882, at Little Rock, Ark., to Ann Hannah, daughter of Rev. I. L. and Catherine A. Gray, and great-granddaughter of Gov. John Adair of Kentucky; (2) April 16, 1890, at Birmingham, to Minnie Elizabeth, daughter of Ben and Margaret A. (Wolfe) Plosser of that place, the former a native of Hungary, educated for the Catholic priesthood, but became a Presbyterian, was a soldier under Louis Kossuth in the War of 1848-49, fighting for Hungarian independence from Austria, later became Kossuth's private secretary, located in Clarksville, Tenn., 1852, engaged in merchandising until the beginning of the War of Secession, when he entered the C. S. Army, removed to Birmingham in 1871, entered the mercantile business, passed through the cholera epidemic of 1873, and served later as city mar shal and tax collector. Children: by first wife: 1. Katie Gray, m. Clarence Bingham Bal lard, lawyer; by second wife: 2. Caldwell, jr., d. in infancy; 3. Mary Elizabeth; 4. Martha Lawrence; 5. Margaret Josephine; 6. Grace. Residence: Birmingham. BRADSHAW, HENRY A., 'lawyer, was born January 10, 1883, at Fayetteville, Lincoln County, Tenn.; son of C. S. and Sarah (Cald well) Bradshaw of Shelbyville and Fayette, the former a teacher, and for many years princi pal of the "Dick White college;" grandson of Robert Samuel and Margaret (Appleby) Brad shaw of Bradford County, and of John C. and Sarah Ann (Martin) Caldwell of Shelbyville, all of Tennessee. The Bradshaws are of Scotch 200 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY origin. The Caldwells are of Danish stock. The Martin ancestor married the daughter of a French Hugenot who emigrated to Georgia. Mr. Bradshaw received his early education from his father and later attended the public schools in Huntsville, but at fifteen years of age, 1898, discontinued school and entered into the office of Mr. Lawrence Cooper where he worked and studied law; admitted to the bar, February 1904, and practiced with Mr. Cooper in Huntsville until December 17, 1906, when he removed to Florence and formed a partner ship with John T. Ashcraft. He was admitted to practice in all State and Federal courts, and in January 1910, to the supreme court of the U. S. He is a Presbyterian; Mason; Knight of Pythias; and Elk. Unmarried. Residence: Florence. BRAGG, JOHN, lawyer, representative in congress, was born January 14, 1806, at War renton, Warren County, N. C, and died August 10, 1878, at Mobile; son of Thomas Bragg, an architect and builder, of English ancestry. His mother, whose maiden name was Cross- land, was a descendant of English colonists who settled in America before the Revolution. The Bragg family of Norman origin, was first represented in this country by three brothers who came with Sir Christopher Newport in the seventeenth century and settled one in Virginia, another in Maryland, and the third, the progenitor of this family, in North Caro lina. Judge Bragg was a brother of Gen. Brax ton Bragg, of Capt. William Bragg who died in the C. S. Army, of Hon. Thomas Bragg, governor of North Carolina, and of Alexander Bragg. He was prepared in the Warrenton Academy, then entered the sophomore class of the University of North Carolina, and was graduated with highest honors in a class of which James W. Bryan, Thomas Dews, W. A. Graham, and Matt E. Manley were members. After his graduation, he assisted two of his brothers, Ex-gov. Thomas Bragg of North Carolina, and Gen. Braxton Bragg, C. S. Army, through that university. He read law with Judge Hall, was admitted to the bar in 1827, and began to practice law in Warrenton, N. C. He was elected to the legislature of North Carolina in 1830, and was re-elected for four consecutive terms. In 1835, Judge Bragg, to gether with Joseph Holt, afterwards distin guished as judge advocate, were appointed by President Jackson as visitors to West Point. At this time, he became interested in the southwest, and in the fall of that year, he drove in a surrey, with small valise attached, and a negro body servant following on horse back, from Warrenton to Mobile, where he lo cated and practiced his profession. In 1836, with the presidential election of that year coming on, he received his opportunity to introduce himself to the people of the state, when the editor of the "Register" fell ill, and he was invited by Mr. Sandford, the proprietor of the paper, to take editorial charge during the canvass. In 1839, he was elected attorney of the branch bank at Mobile; in 1842, was appointed by Gov. Fitzpatrick to fill a vacancy upon the circuit bench until the meeting of the legislature, at which time he was elected by a large majority over Gen. George W. Crabb, for a term of six years. Later he was re-elected by the people over A. B. Cooper, esq., of Mon roe, presiding in the circuit court in all, for nine years. In 1851, he was invited by the States Rights Democratic party to become a candidate for congress from the Mobile dis trict, and was elected over the Whig Leader, Hon. C. C. Langdon, by a large majority. He served during the two sessions of 1852 and 1853, then declined re-election. He retired from professional as well as political pursuits, and did not reappear in public affairs until his election to the constitutional convention of 1861 as representative of Mobile County. Physically disqualified for service on the field, he remained on his plantation in Lowndes County during the war, and was subjected to the grossest indignities by the army of Gen. Wilson during his raid through Alabama, in the spring of 1865. The officers of this army, knowing him to be a brother of Gen. Bragg, besides being active in the councils of the state, destroyed all his available property, burning his residence, destroying his crops, and carry ing off all the stock. At one time, only the entreaties of his wife and children prevented him from being actually hanged. He was au thor of many influential letters written during the War of Secession to those in high author ity at that time. He was a States Rights Demo crat of the uncompromising type, and was a member of the Episcopalian church. Married: April 18, 1847, at Lowndesboro, Lowndes County, Mary Frances, daughter of Henry M. and Dorian (Bonnell) Hall, of that place; granddaughter of William and Mary Bell Bonnell, natives of Georgia, who were among the first settlers of Alabama. Children: 1. Braxton, deceased, m. Virginia Evans, of Mobile, youngest sister of Augusta (Evans) Wilson; 2. Dora, m. Oliver Sturgess Beers, resides at Fort Deposit; 3. Shirley, phy sician, deceased, was head of the convict medi cal service of Alabama, m. Isabella Norvelle Murray of Montgomery; 4. William B„ resides at Fort Deposit; 5. Mary, m. Henry C. Parker of London, England, resides at Greenville; 6. John, m. Kate Morris, resides at Mobile. Last residence: Mobile. BRAGG, PETER N, Sr., soldier of the American Revolution — "Obituary — Departed this life, at his residence in Lowndes county, Ala., on the 21st of May, Mr. Peter N. Bragg, Sr., A SOLDIER OF THE REVOLUTION, at the advanced age of 78 years. "Mr. Bragg was a native of Virginia, born in Fauquier County March 4th, 1763; he entered the American Army under command of Gen. Greene, at the early age of 16; and was in two distinguished battles — that of Guilford Court House, N. C, and the one near Camden, S. C. "At the close of the war, Mr. Bragg removed to Spartanburg District, S. C, where he re sided about forty-six years, and moved thence, in December, 1829, to Lowndes County, Ala., where he continued till his death. He was a member of the Baptist church more than 40 years; and his irreproachable life and un- JUDGE SAMUEL D. WEAKLEY DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 203 stained character exemplify the honesty of his profession and the purity of his heart. He was no partisan in religious matters, but tak ing the Bible alone, as his standard of Chris tian ' profession and practice, he bowed to nc other tribunal. If he ever erred it was an error of the judgment, not of heart. And it may fairly demand a doubt, whether in his degenerate age, any man ever lived more stu diously the life of a Christian. To speak in terms most appropriate, of the domestic, social and moral worth of Peter N. Bragg in the nar row space assigned in obituary, would be, to those who knew him, but slight praise, and only show the imbecility of a few presuming lines, which attempt to declare the virtuous acts and beneficent deeds characteristic of a long, industrious, enterprising and virtuous life; but let it suffice here to observe, that Mr. Bragg lived for his country, his fellow-man and his God. "As a neighbor, he promptly discharged all the duties which the mutual obligation and reciprocal dependencies of society demand. "As a citizen, he freely took part in all mat ters affecting our civil rights and municipal happiness. As a Christian, he was attentive and liberal to the indigent, merciful and hu mane to the afflicted, kind and hospitable to strangers, and just and merciful to all." — The Greenville Mountaineer, Greenville, S. C, June 12, 1841. BRAGG, SHIRLEY, physician and State prison inspector, was born near Lowndesboro, November 3, 1853, and died in Montgomery, October 29, 1908; son of John and Mary Frances (Hall) Bragg (q. v.). Dr. Bragg was edu cated at Spring Hill college, and St. Louis university, A. B., 1872. He graduated at the Alabama medical college, M. D., 1875. He was adjunct professor of surgery at the Atlanta medical college, 1875, M. D., and after that year practiced in Lowndes County, until March, 1896, after which he practiced in Montgomery; has been health officer of Lowndes and Mont gomery Counties; never held public office un til his appointment in March, 1901, as physi cian inspector of the convict board; on Octo ber 15, 1905, he became president of this board; and in 1907 was appointed State prison in spector. Married: February 7, 1878, at Hayne ville, to Isabella Norvelle, daughter of John and Mary (Spann) Murray, both of whom came from Statesburg, S. C, to Lowndes County. Children: 1. Norvelle, m. Edmund L. Penrud- dock, and resides in Birmingham. Last resi dence: Montgomery. BRAGG, THOMAS COKE, educator, was 'Born February 26, 1826, in Washington, N. C, and died November 13, 1883, at Camden, Wilcox County; son of Thomas and Priscilla (Pope) Bragg, the former a native of Beaufort, N. C, removed to Greensboro, finally settling in El more County; grandson of Joseph Frances Bragg of Beaufort, N. C, and of Redding and Sarah Pope of Snow Hill, N. C. The Bragg family springs from English stock. Professor Bragg received his education with a view to entering the Episcopal ministry, and was a Vol. Ill— 14 Greek, Hebrew and Latin scholar. He held the chair of mathematics in a school at Auburn; during the War of Secession he owned and operated a school near Wetumpka, later going to Mobile, where he taught for several years. He moved to Camden subsequently to 1874, and taught in the Central institute. Not having access to an Episcopal church he united with the Methodists. He was a Mason. Married: Mary E. . Last residence: Camden. BRAGG, THOMAS MILES, junior grand war den, Masons, was born December 28, 1793, in Spartanburg District, S. C, and died Novem ber 28, 1822, in Greenville, Ala. He began his Masonic life in 1815, in South Carolina; re moved to Butler County and affiliated with the Greenville lodge. He filled many responsible positions in the Grand lodge of Alabama. Last residence : Greenville. BRAGG, WALTER LAWRENCE, lawyer, was born February 25, 1835, in Lowndes County, and died September 19, 1891, at Spring Lake, N. J.; son of Newport and Martha W. (Crooke) Bragg; grandson of Peter Bragg, a native of Fauquier County, Va., who fought under Greene at Hobkirk's Hill and at Guil ford Court House, in the Revolutionary War, and after the war settled in South Carolina, and of James Crooke, a wealthy planter of South Carolina. Capt. Bragg's father was an educated planter who moved with his family in the fall of 1843 to Ouachita County, Ark., where they continued to reside until the spring of 1861. His mother was connected by marriage with the South Carolina families of Moore and Barry. Andrew Barry Moore, gov ernor of Alabama, 1857-1861, was her double cousin, and Hon. William Barry, of Kentucky, at one time post-master general of the United States, was a relative. The Bragg family is of English descent, Norman origin. A member of the family was speaker of the English house of commons during the administration of the younger Pitt. Three brothers of this family came to America with Sir Christopher New port about the middle of the seventeenth cen tury and settled, one in Virginia, another in North Carolina, and the third in Maryland. Capt. Bragg is a descendant of the Virginia settler. From the North Carolina branch were descended Gen. Braxton Bragg, Confederate commander; Hon. Thomas Bragg, governor of North Carolina; Judge John Bragg (q. v.) for nine years a judge of the circuit court of Alabama, and a member of the United States congress; and Capt. William Bragg who died in the C. S. Army. Gen. Edward S. Bragg of Wisconsin is also a member of this family. Capt. Bragg received his early education from the common schools of the county, and entered the law school of Harvard University, leaving after three terms because of the un pleasant relations between the students of the two sections of the country then on the verge of open rupture. While at Harvard he had for classmates, John W. Foster of Indiana, after wards a brigadier-general in the U. S. Army, minister to Spain, and secretary of state of the United States under Harrison's administra- 204 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY tion; Edward C. Billings, judge of the U. S. district court at New Orleans; and George Bliss, since U. S. district attorney for the southern district of New York. After leaving Harvard, Capt. Bragg read law with the Hon. Christopher C. Scott, judge of the supreme court of Arkansas; was admitted to the bar in 1856, and began to practice law at Camden, Ark. In 1860, he formed a partnership with Col. John R. Fellows, since assistant district attorney of the city of New York, and a mem ber of congress from that city. In April, 1861, he enlisted in the Sixth regi ment, Arkansas infantry, and under command of Gen. Hardee, advanced into eastern Mis sissippi. Early in the fall of 1861, he passed into Kentucky and during the remainder of the war, continued an infantry soldier in ac tive service in the field, nearly all the time on outpost duty, and was with Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, when he surrendered at Greensboro, N. C. He participated in the battles of Wood- sonville, Shiloh, the battles around Corinth with Halleck's army, Murfreesboro, Liberty Gap, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Ring gold Gap, Dug's Gap, Resaca, Cassville, New Hope Church, Pumpkin Vine Creek, Lost Mountain, Kennesaw Mountain, Pine Moun tain, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Decatur and Bentonville. During the last two years of the war, he was most of the time in command of the sharpshooters of Gen. Cle burne's division. He continued to hold the rank of captain to the end of the war, refusing promotion a number of times. At the close of the war, Capt. Bragg settled in Marion, Ala., and resumed the practice of law. He formed partnerships successively with Napoleon and Powhatan Lockett, 1865-1867; Pinckney B. Lawson, 1867-1869; Judge James F. Bailey, 1869-1871; General John T. Morgan, since U. S. senator; and William S. Thoring- ton. He moved to Montgomery in 1871, and was chosen chairman of the Democratic state executive committee at the state convention of the Democratic and Conservative party, July 1874, with unlimited powers to manage and conduct the approaching canvass. At the elec tion two years before, the Democratic party had suffered a defeat at the hands of the Re publicans that overwhelmed the -white people of the state. The canvass of 1874 was without parallel in the party contests of Alabama. Starting with practically no organization, and with but a short time in which to perfect one, Capt. Bragg raised up leaders in every county of the state. Committees were appointed, clubs formed, public meetings organized. It was a common occurrence during that canvass for between three hundred and four hundred speeches a day to be made by speakers of the Democratic and Conservative party in different parts of the state. The election that followed was carried by the Democrats with a majority of more than thirteen hundred votes, and was the complete and final overthrow of the Re publican party and carpetbag rule of Alabama. Capt. Bragg resigned the chairmanship of the executive committee in 1876, but at the na tional convention of this party at St. Louis, during the same year, was elected a member of the national Democratic executive commit tee, and in the presidential canvass of 1876 made speeches in forty different counties of Alabama for the nominees of that convention. On July 12, 1876,, a silver service was pre sented to him, the gift of the people of Ala bama, in consideration of his public services. In the fall of that year, he was appointed one of the commissioners to settle the city debt of Montgomery, and in 1877 visited New York on this business, effecting negotiations which re sulted in a settlement of the debt. The next year he was elector-at-large for the state on the Hancock and English ticket. In 1881, a commission was established to regulate and control the railroads in the state of Alabama, and by a common consensus of public opinion, Capt. Bragg was named as the fittest man in the state to take charge of the business involved in the creation of the new body. He was nominated by Gov. Cobb as a member of the commission, and his nomina tion was speedily confirmed by the senate. In a very short time, with the aid of his col leagues, he formulated rules for the proceed ings of the commission and entered upon the business contemplated by the act. How well those duties were performed is shown by the printed annual reports of the commission and is part of the history of the state. In 1884, the act of congress providing for an interstate commerce commission was under considera tion and, it is said, Senator Cullom, the author of this act, wrote to the several state railroad commissions requesting statements from them touching the practical operation of the respect ive statutes in their states, and inviting sug gestions in regard to the proposed national commission, and that Senator Cullom re marked that he obtained more valuable in formation and suggestions from Mr. Bragg's reply than from any other source. It was, no doubt, this fact that directed attention to him as a suitable person for appointment to the responsible position of interstate com merce commissioner. He was nominated by the President and confirmed by the senate for a short term, and afterwards, was renomi nated by President Cleveland and confirmed by the senate for a long term, which he was serving at the time of his death. His opin ions while a member of that commission, as shown by printed reports, cover a wide range of questions and are characterized by careful research and conspicuous ability. Capt. Bragg was never a candidate for any political office, and frequently declined office in civil life, as in the army he declined advance ment by promotion. He was a Freemason, and held second office in the grand encamp ment of Knights Templars of the United States. He was first president of the Alabama Bar Association. In his career as a lawyer, he de fended twenty-three men charged with murder with such success that not one of them was even sent to the penitentiary. Married: (1) January, 1864, Susan Watkins, daughter of Napoleon Lockett, of Marion, formerly a law partner of Capt. Bragg, a planter and a member of a prominent Virginia family; (2) Elizabeth Marks Fitzpatrick. Children^ by first marriage: 1. Eugenia, m. Paul W. Smith, resides in Montgomery; 2. Walter L., was DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 205 graduated from Washington and Lee Univer sity, LL. B., 1890, d. April 22, 1894. Last resi dence: Montgomery. BRAHAN, JOHN, planter and public official, was born June 8, 1774, in Fauquier County, Va., and died in Florence, July 5, 1834; son of an Englishman, who settled in Virginia before the Revolutionary War and was killed in battle. He served in the War of 1812, under Gen. An drew Jackson, being ranked in the battle of New Orleans with John Coffee, as generals. In 1818, Gen. Brahan came to Huntsville, and was appointed commissioner of public lands, by President Jackson. He acquired extensive tracts of farm land and built a large residence three miles west of Huntsville. In 1830, this home was burned, and the site is now occupied by the Merrimac mills. He gave the ground upon which the public schools, of Huntsville are sit uated. In 1832, he removed to Florence where he acquired a large plantation on Sweetwater Creek, and began the erection of a residence, but died before it was completed, and it passed into the hands of his daughter, Jane Locke. He was a Democrat; Mason; and Episcopalian. Married: July 24, 1810, in Davidson County, Tenn., to Mary, daughter of Gen. Robert and Jane (Locke) Weakley, among the found ers of Nashville. Children: 1. Robert Weakley, m. Martha Haywood; 2. Jane Locke, m. Rob ert Miller Patton, governor of Alabama (q. v.) ; 3. Mary Narcissa, m. (1) John Coffee (q. v.) (2) Dr. James Young; 4. John Coffee, m. (1) Mary Haywood, (2) Martha Valiant; 5. Ann Eliza, m. Rev. MoRea; 6. Letitia Evalina, unmarried; 7. Thomas Fearne, m. Anna Kate Rivers. Last residence: Florence. BRAINARD, M. D., member of the constitu tional convention of 1867, from Monroe County, a part of the second election district. BRANCH, EDWARD G., business man, was born November 28, 1877, at Union Springs; son of Col. John L. and Martha Ann (Gachet) Branch, the former a native of Abbeville, S. C, who lived in Charleston, S. C, and in Union Springs, and commanded a company of South Carolina military citadel cadets that fired the first shot of the War of Secession on S. S. "Star of the West;" grandson of Col. James E. and Lavinia Gachet, of Chunnenuggee, Bul lock County. Mr. Branch was educated in the public schools of Union Springs; became spe cial agent of the Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company of Philadelphia, 1899, for Montgom ery; and general agent of the company at the same place, 1902. He is a Democrat, a Metho dist Episcopalian, and a member of the stew ards' court of that church. Married: April 22, 1908, at Gold Hill, Annie Mae, daughter of William and Emma Jane (Avery) Thomas, of that place. Children: 1. Annie Mae, Mont gomery; 2. Edward G., jr., Montgomery; 3. William T., Montgomery; 4. Ben S., Montgom ery. Residence: Montgomery. BRANDON, BYRD, lawyer, was born in 1800, in North Carolina, and died June 3, 1838, in Huntsville. His parents moved to Lincoln County, Tenn., in 1812, and a few years later he came from there to HuntBville, and read law in the office of Hon. C. C. Clay, sr. He was admitted to the bar in 1822, and formed law partnerships at different times with John M. Taylor, J. M. M. White, Frank Jones, and Silas Parsons. He was appointed by Presi dent Jackson as United States attorney for the northern district of Alabama, and resigned from this office after holding it for seven years; and was legal adviser to the govern ment commissioner in the treaty with the Creek Indians. In 1825, he held the rank of lieutenant-colonel on the staff of Gov. Pickens, and in 1838, was appointed by President Van Buren to fill the consulate at Campeachy and Tabasco, but died before he could enter on the active discharge of his duties. Married: Mary Caldwell, of Kentucky. Her paternal ances tors came from Scotland to Ireland, and from Ireland to Virginia, and her immediate family moved to Kentucky in the latter part of the eighteenth century. She was a descendant of the same Caldwell family from which John C. Calhoun was descended, and was a third cousin of the latter. Children: Two sons and three daughters, of which Capt. John D. Brandon (q. v.) is the youngest child. Last residence: Huntsville. BRANDON, FRANCIS T. J., Methodist min ister, was born May 26, 1832, in Gwinnett County, Ga., and died July 31, 1909, in Bir mingham; son of Francis Lawson and Zillah (Haynie) Brandon, the latter a native of South Carolina, the former of Halifax County, Va., who moved to Gwinnett County, Ga., and later to Gaylesville, where both died and are buried; grandson of William and Mary (Langley) Brandon, the latter a native of Caswell County, N. C, the former of Halifax County, Va.; great grandson of Frank Brandon and wife, who was a Miss Richmond, the former a native of Eng land, of Scotch Irish stock, who migrated to Pennsylvania, and in 1873, located in Halifax County, Va. After an academic schooling avail able in the neighborhood of his Georgia home, Francis T. J. Brandon entered upon the study of law in a private office in Thomasville, Ga., where he temporarily made his home in the family of his uncle, Dr. David Brandon. Re ceiving a definite call to preach the gospel, he repaired to Hiwassee college, Tennessee, where he entered upon a theological course. He was admitted on trial as a probationer at the Ala bama conference, 1854, and entered into full connection two years later and was ordained deacon by Bishop George F. Pierce. In 1858, he was ordained an elder by Bishop Robert Paine. For fifty-two years he was actively in the Methodist ministry and accomplished a useful work during that time. At the beginning of hostilities between the States he was appointed regimental chaplain of the 47th Alabama in fantry regiment, but instead of assuming his spiritual duties alone, he raised a company in Cherokee County, where he had formerly lived, of which he was elected lieutenant, being later promoted to the captaincy. He performed the duties of company commander and regimental chaplain and was as valiant a soldier of the stars and bars as he was of the cross. After peace was declared he returned to his home in 206 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Alabama, and resumed the ministerial labors to which he had pledged his life. During his long service he held pastorates at the leading towns in the two conferences of Alabama, and was presiding elder of the Tuscaloosa, Hunts ville and Gadsden Districts. He was super annuated in 1907, and the year following was appointed chaplain of the State convicts by Gov. B. B. Comer, and was performing his du ties faithfully at the time of his death. Mar ried: August 22, 1867, at Jacksonville, to Susan Carolyn, daughter of Edward L. and Malinda (Francis) Woodward of that place. Children: 1. William Woodward (q. v.) m. Mrs. Robert T. Nabors, nee Andrews; 2. Francis Woodward (q. v.) m. Mrs. Edna Olive (Moore) Morgan; 3. Edward Woodward, Birmingham; 4. Forney; 5. John Marvin, farmer, Montgomery. 6. Caro lyn, m. J. D. Elliott, Birmingham. Last resi dence: Flat Top Mines. BRANDON, FRANCIS WOODWARD, Metho dist minister, was born October 1, 1869, at Jacksonville, Calhoun County; son of Francis T. J. and Susan Carolyn (Woodward) Bran don (q. v.). He received his first instruction in private schools in Tuscaloosa and entered the Burnett boarding school at Cedar Bluff, in 1879. Later he attended the Sunbeam acad emy, conducted by Professor R. E. R. Hicks. He also attended the Titcumb school in An niston and the public schools of Tuscaloosa whither his parents had returned. During 1887-89, he was a student at the Southern uni versity and graduated with the degree of B. P. from the North Alabama conference college, now the Birmingham college, in 1899. It was through his efforts as financial agent for this school that its buildings prior to 1913 were erected. The honorary degree of D. D. was conferred on him by the Polytechnic college, Ft. Worth, Tex., in 1911. In 1887, when but eighteen years of age, he was licensed by the Quarterly conference of the Tuscaloosa Station Methodist Episcopal church, South, to preach. He joined the North Alabama conference at Huntsville in 1889, and served charges at Flor ence, Huntsville, Roanoke, Woodlawn, Scotts boro, Stevenson, Fountain Heights and Mt. Vernon, respectively, in Birmingham, and An niston. He was the first presiding elder of the Bessemer District, 1908-12, and brought it to the second place in the conference; trustee of Birmingham college; delegate to the General conference 1910, and has during his ministry built churches at Florence, Huntsville and Fountain Heights, Birmingham; financial agent for North Alabama conference college, 1897- 1901. He is now stationed at Gadsden. Mar ried: June 29, 1893, in Princeton, Ind., to Edna Olive Moore, widow of R. S. Morgan, daughter of William Henry and Mary (Poe) Moore of Huntsville, and sister of Mary Norman Moore (q. v.). Children: 1. Carolyn Louise; 2. Marv Rosser; 3. Francis W., jr. Residence: Gadsden. BRANDON, JOHN D., lawyer, was born De cember 18, 1837, at Huntsville; son of Byrd and Mary J. (Caldwell) Brandon (q. v.). His mother's paternal ancestors came from Scot land to Ireland, and from Ireland to Virginia, while her immediate family moved from Vir ginia to Kentucky in the latter part of the eighteenth century. She was a relative of John C. Calhoun, who was a descendant of the same family. Capt. Brandon accompanied his mother's family to St. Louis, when he was fif teen years old, and studied Latin and Greek under the Rev. Reed there. The following year, he entered Rochester Academy, Roches ter, N. Y., and in the fall of 1856, became a student at Cumberland University, from which institution he was graduated, LL. B., 1859. Returning to St. Louis, he began the practice of law. His health soon failed him, and he moved to Huntsville, where he practiced his profession. He enlisted as a private in Co. I, Fourth Alabama infantry, C. S. Army, April 1861, and served in one of Bee's regiments un til the end of the war. After the first battle of Manassas, he was promoted to second lieu tenant, and in April 1862, was advanced to the rank of captain. He served on the staff of the Fourth Alabama with this rank, as regi mental commissary; and as captain, was as signed to duty under Gen. Law, as assistant brigade commissary. At Richmond, Va., Capt. Brandon was entrusted with a letter from President Davis to Gen. Lee, which he deliv ered in person. In the latter part of 1863, he was assigned to duty at Camden, was there until the close of hostilities, and surrendered finally at Mobile. After the war, he practiced law in Wilcox county for three years, then re turned to Huntsville. He is a Mason; a mem ber of the Knights of Pythias; and of the Knights of Honor. Married: November, 1863, Rosalie (Caldwell) Christian, daughter of Dr. John D. Caldwell. She died October 19, 1869. Residence: Huntsville. BRANDON, WILLIAM WOODWARD, lawyer and probate judge, was born June 5, 1868, at Talladega; son of Rev. Frank T. J. and Carrie (Woodward) Brandon (q. v.). Gen. Brandon was educated at the Cedar Bluff institute, and the Tuscaloosa high school. At the age of thirteen he went to work for himself; in 1891 took the law course at the University of Ala bama; in 1892 located in Tuscaloosa for the practice; in 1891 he was elected clerk of the city of Tuscaloosa, and in the same year was appointed a justice of the peace. In 1896-97 he was a representative in the legislature, and he was re-elected, to the session of 1898-99. In the house he had leading committee as signments and took a prominent part in legis lative affairs. In military affairs his service has been conspicuous. He was lieutenant and captain of the Warrior Guards, and 1900-01, major in the Third Alabama volunteer infantry regiment, Spanish- American War; was ap pointed adjutant-general of Alabama, 1899, and re-appointed in 1901, serving until 1906. As adjutant-general he successfully reorganized the old Alabama national guard. In 1906 he was nominated for State auditor in the Demo cratic primary, and in the general election was overwhelmingly elected, serving 1907-11. In 1911 he was elected probate judge of Tusca loosa County, a position he still holds. In 1892 he published a military journal at Tus caloosa entitled "The Citizen Soldier." He DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 207 was a reading clerk of the constitutional con vention, 1901. He is a Democrat; a Metho dist; a Mason; a Knight of Pythias; an Odd Fellow; an Elk, and a member of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon college fraternity. Married: to Mrs. Elizabeth (Andrews) Nabors, daugh ter of the late Dr. Allen S. Andrews (q. v.). Residence: Tuscaloosa. BRANNON, JOHN MANSON, teacher and planter, was born February 1, 1833, on his father's plantation in Newton County, Ga., and died near Seale, in Russell County, April 20, 1904; son of Calvin John and Catherine (Bra- nan) Brannan; grandson of John and Nancy (Parker) Brannan, of western North Carolina, later of South Carolina and still later of Geor gia, and of Catherine Branan of Monroe County, Ga. Both families were Irish, the Brannans coming to Virginia shortly after 1760 and four sons taking part in the American Revolution. The spelling of the name with the final "a" as an "o" was adopted in 1861. He was educated in the common schools of Harris County, Ga., to which county the fam ily removed in 1835. He taught school in Rus sell County, from 1858 to 1875, excepting the period of the War of Secession, and from 1875 to his death was an extensive planter and stock raiser He was superintendent of education of Russell County, 1871-1886. From April, 1862, to May, 1863, he was first lieutenant of Com pany I, 39th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, from which he resigned after being wounded and incapacitated for active duty, though in 1864, he assisted in organizing and was first lieutenant colonel, later colonel of the Russell home guards, a local defense com pany which served last at Girard, April 16, 1865. He was a liberal contributor to the agricultural and church literature, being for a long time president of the Long View agricul tural club and prior to that time connected with an interstate organization of planters from Lee, Russell and Barbour Counties and several of those of West Georgia. He was a Methodist, a Democrat, and a Mason. Married: in Chattahoochee County, Ga., to Elizabeth Vir ginia, daughter of Judge Hiram and Caroline E. (Dozier) Fuller of that county. Children: 1. George Thomas, m. Martha Stephen Greene, died 1897; 2. Katherine Annie, m. F. B. Vann; 3. Emma Caroline; 4. Mattie Julia, m. E. M. Anderson; 5. girl, died in infancy; 6. John Sherwood, died 1906; 7. Frank Manson, m. Eva Prather; 8. Elizabeth, m. John W. Ingram, died 1914. Last residence: Russell County. BRANNON, PETER ALEXANDER, pharma cist, anthropologist, and curator, was born Au gust 30, 1882, at Seale, Russell County; son of George Thomas and Martha Stephen (Greene) Brannon, the former a native of Vilula, later of Seale, Russell County, where he was a planter until his death; grandson of John Man- son and Elizabeth Virginia (Fuller) Brannon, of Harris and Chattahoochee Counties, Ga., later of Russell County, the latter of English ancestry, her father having served in the War of 1812, though not of age, and of Stephen Clements and Martha Turner (Bass) Greene, of Stewart County, Ga., and Russell County; great-grandson of Calvin and Catherine (Branan) Brannan, of South Carolina, and of Miles Greene, jr.; great-great-grandson of John and Nancy (Parker) Brannan, of western North Carolina, of Rev. Myles and Elizabeth (Hunt) Greene, of Hartwell and Elizabeth (Moreland) Bass, of Virginia, Georgia, and Russell Coun ty; great-great-great-grandson of Captain Hunt, of Sussex County, Va., who served in the Revo lutionary War. The Brannans are of Irish descent, coming to Virginia before the Revo lution, moving from there to North Carolina and later to Georgia. Peter A. Brannon was' educator in the public schools of Seale, and at tended the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1898-1900, taking a course in pharmacy. He was pharmacist at Talladega, in 1900; Colum bus, Ga., 1900-06; Troy, 1906-07; and at Mont gomery, 1907-11. He was clerk in the State department of archives and history, 1911-12, chief clerk, 1912-20, and since 1920, curator of that department. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Knight of Pythias; and a member of the Mont gomery Rotary club; American anthropological association; National geographic society; pres ident, Alabama anthropological society; secre tary, Alabama library association; Alabama and Georgia pharmaceutical associations; interna tional society of archaeologists; president, Bartram natural history society; .Montgomery bird lovers club; American society of mam- malogists; American ornithologists union; So ciety philatelic Americans; American museum of natural history; American association of museums; Sons of Confederate veterans; Amer ican library association; and scoutmaster, Boy scouts of America. Author: contributor of nu merous papers to various societies, "Auk," "Oologist," and newspapers on natural history, philatelic, and kindred subjects. Married: October 5, 1904, in Columbus, Ga., to Frances, daughter of William Adderson and Carrie Bea trice (Gray) Frazer, of Lee County and Colum bus, Ga.; granddaughter of William C. and Carrie (Heard) Gray, the former a captain in a Georgia infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and a cotton warehouseman of Columbus, Ga. Chil dren: 1. Carolyn Elizabeth; 2. Peter A., jr., deceased; 3. Stephen Frazer. Residence: Montgomery. BRANNON, THOMAS, jr., business man, was born February 28, 1836, in Columbus, Ga., and died January 29, 1899, in Montgomery; son of Thomas, sr., and Julia (Mims) Brannon, of South Carolina, who removed to Columbus, Ga. and later to Eufaula; grandson of Drury and Charlsie (Edwards) Mims, of Columbus, Ga.; brother of William Brannon of Americus, Ga. He received his education in the schools of Columbus; engaged in the mercantile business as a clerk; became a cotton-buyer in Columbus and Americus, Ga.; later in life he settled in Montgomery, where he engaged in the cotton business, until his death. He was a member of the city council of Eufaula for two years. In August, 1861, he enlisted in the First Alabama infantry regiment, under Col. Henry D. Clay ton; was stationed on Santa Rosa Island for twelve months, and engaged in the bombard- 208 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ment of Fort Barrancas. Later he was captain of Company K, 39th Alabama infantry regi ment, Deas' brigade, Army of Tennessee, under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston. He was a Democrat; an Odd Fellow; and a Baptist. Married: August 14, 1864, in Eufaula, to Florida, daugh ter of John Nelson and Caroline (Cannon) Copeland, of Eufuala, originally of Barnwell District, S. C, and descendants of Gov. Trent- len of Georgia, Revolutionary patriot. Chil dren: 1. Juliette Augusta, m. William H. Hub bard, of Montgomery, children, (1) Dr. T. Brannon Hubbard; (2) Lewis; (3) Margaret, m. Robert Denham, U. S. C. E.; 2. Caroline, m. G. P. Williams; 3. Julia, m. Rev. Samuel Camp bell, Baptist; 4. Margaret, m. Broad nax of North Carolina. Last residence: Mont gomery. BRANSCOMB, LEWIS CAPERS, Methodist minister, was born August 27, 1865, at Union Springs; son of Richard Edwin and Elizabeth (Murrell) Branscomb, of Abbeville District, S. C, who came to Alabama about 1840, the former a manufacturer of saddles and harness for the Confederate government; grandson of Dr. Murrell, of South Carolina, whose father served in the Revolutionary Army. The Mur- rells settled in Russell County. Rev. Dr. Branscomb was educated in the schools of Union Springs; entered Southern university, Greensboro, in 1883, receiving in 1885, the de gree of A. B. and A. M., 1886; in 1909 received D. D. from Emory college, Oxford, Ga. He was admitted to Alabama conference, M. E. church, South, 1886; assigned to the Wheeler circuit, served Bessemer, 1887-91; Decatur, 1891-94; Huntsville, 1894-98; St. John's Bir mingham, 1898-1902; Talladega district, 1902- 04- Talladega station, 1904-08; First Metho dist, Birmingham, 1908-1912; Birmingham dis trict. He is editor of "Alabama Christian Ad vocate"; a Democrat; a Mason; and a member of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon college fraternity. Married: (1) July 1, 1891, to Nannie Sadler, daughter of Chambers and Maria (Jordan) Mc- Adory, of Jonesboro; (2) June 5, 1900, to Min nie, daughter of Jefferson Lamar and Sallie (Mims) McGehee. Children, by the first wife: 1 Louis McAdory; 2. Bennett Harvey; children by second wife: 1. Louise Hortense; 2. Richard Edwin; 3. Minnie Elizabeth; 4. Lamar; 5. Al- line; 6. Lewis Capers, jr. Residence: Bir mingham. BRANTLEY, JOHN, one of the pioneer resi dents of Selma. BRANTLEY, ROBERT, pioneer, was born in North Carolina, and died at St. Stephens, in 1847- son of Louis and Patty (Waller) Brant ley both residents of Halifax County, N. C. The Brantleys were of Scotch Irish stock. Robert Brantley emigrated to Georgia about 1820 and in 1822 to St. Stephens. Married: to Mary Anne Wilkins, of North Carolina. Children: 1. David Wilkins, m (1) Sarah Sehon of Conecuh County, and (2) Sarah Eleanor, daughter of John and Sallie (Epys) Dowdell, of Virginia; 2. Burwell Pitman m. Ruth daughter of John and Temperance (Fer- rill) Ross, the former a native of Virginia, but a resident of North Carolina, and the repre sentative of Martin County, N. O, in the house of commons, in 1784, and sister of Jack Fer- rill Ross (q. v.) ; 3. Elijah Richard, m. (1) un known, and (2) Anne Brantley; 4. Lewis, d. young; 5. Angeline D., first wife of Lieut. Theophilus Wilkinson, son of Gen. Wilkinson, and grandson of Gen. Theophilus Toulmin; 6. Martha Pitman, m. Maj. Reuben Chamber lain (q. v.) ; 7. Margaret, m. Henry Jordan; 8. Elizabeth, second wife of Lieut. Theophilus Wilkinson above. Last residence: St. Stephens. BRANTLEY, THOMAS KIRVIN, merchant, was born in 1833, in Montgomery County; son of James A. and Elizabeth (Kirvin) Brantley, natives of South Carolina,, who came in child hood to Alabama, and after their marriage farmed there; grandson of Jesse Brantley who came to Alabama at an early day from South Carolina, and afterwards settled in Mississippi, and of Thomas Kirvin, a farmer of Montgom ery County who came there from South Caro lina, and was a minister of the Primitive Bap tist Church. , The Brantley family is of Scotch- Irish origin. Mr. Brantley was reared on a farm, attended the public schools of the county, and a military school in northern Ala bama. He remained on the farm with his mother until her death in 1854, then began life for himself by teaching school and farming for three years, in Randolph County. During the War of Secession, he joined Hilliard's legion, but was soon afterward accidentally wounded and disabled for further service. Just before the close of the war, he moved to Troy and engaged in merchandising under the firm name of Brantley & Copeland, and later under the name of T. K. Brantley & Son. When the Central railroad of Georgia built its extension, a station was established on a site purchased by Mr. Brantley in Crenshaw, and the station and postoffice were named for him. He en gaged in business there with his son-in-law, Frank Johnson, under the firm name of T. K. Brantley & Co. In addition to his two large merchandising interests, Mr. Brantley also Is interested in planting. Soon after he settled at Troy, he was elected justice of the peace, and from 1868 to 1874, served as clerk of the circuit court. He was elected as city council man for several years, and mayor for two years. He is a member of the Missionary Baptist church, and is a Mason. Married: In Chambers County, 1855, Sarah A., daugh ter of Abner and Minerva Hill, natives of Virginia and Georgia, respectively. Chil dren: 1. James, attended the State Normal School at Troy, and the Alabama Polytechnic Institute, member of the firm of Brantley & Edmondson, general merchants, Troy; 2. Thomas, attended the State Normal School at Troy, and Howard College, member of the firm of T. K. Brantley & Son, Troy; 3. Ella, attended Judson College, Marion, m. A. C. Edmondson; 4. Ada* attended school at Columbus, Ga., deceased, m. Henry Folmar; 5. Lester, attended Wesleyan College, Macon, Ga., m. John F. Swift; 6. Rosa, m. Edward M. Shackelford (q. v.), a president of the State Normal School at Troy; 7. Florrie, attended the State Normal School, GENERAL GEORGE P. HARRISON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 211 and is a teacher in the public schools of Troy, m. Frank Johnson; 8. William, bookkeeper for the firm of T. K. Brantley & Son; 9. Minnie, attended the State Normal School at Troy; 10. Hillary, d. December 9, 1886; 11. Herbert. Residence: Troy. BRASHER, JOHN S., member of the consti tutional convention of 1861, from Blount County. BRASSELL, WALTER R., chief clerk in the State health department; member of the city commission of Montgomery, 1911. Residence: Montgomery. BREEDLOVE, JOHN B., member State leg islature from Macon County, 1900-01. Resi dence: Tuskegee. BREWER, BARNET,, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Montgomery County; private Virginia Mili tia; enrolled on June 15, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual alowance, $20. — Revo lutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Macon County, June 1, 1840, aged 77. — Cen sus of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. BREWER, GEORGE EDWARD, teacher and lawyer, was born at Tuskegee, September 12, 1862, and died at Talladega, July 14, 1899; son of William George and Mary (Attaway) Brewer, the former a native of Aberdeen, Miss., who located in Tuskegee, about 1852, and where he lived until his death; grandson of Willis and Mary (Walpole) Brewer who lived near Aberdeen, and of Isaiah and Mary (Ezell) Attaway whose home was in Twiggs County, Ga., until their removal about 1840 to Macon County. Judge Brewer attended the Park high school at Tuskegee, and in a competitive ex amination in 1879 won a scholarship in the University of Alabama, which he entered as a sophomore, and graduated in 1884, having in the meantime taught one year in the Park high school. He was principal of the Henley school, Birmingham, 1884-85; was elected prin cipal of the high school of that city but declined it to become superintendent of the city schools, Talladega, a place he filled for four years, 1886- 89. He read law privately and was admitted to the bar in 1889. He was appointed judge of the 7th judicial circuit, April, 1895, to succeed Judge Leroy F. Box, deceased, and was elected, in August, 1898, to succeed himself. He was a Democrat; and a Knight of Pythias. Mar ried: at Dadeville, November 3, 1891, to Zana, daughter of Allen D. and Jane Caroline (Clark) Sturdivant of that place. Allen D. Sturdivant was probate judge of Tallapoosa County, for a quarter of a century. Children: 1. George Al len; 2. Mary Linda; 3. Sturdivant Walpole, d. young; 4. Samuel Bragg; 5. Augusta Helene. Last residence: Talladega. BREWER, GEORGE EVANS, Baptist minis ter, was born near Covington, Newton County, Ga., October 31, 1832; son of Rev. Aaron G. and Martha (Taylor) Brewer, the former born near Squancum, Monmouth County, N. J.; grandson of George and Rebecca (Schenck) Brewer, both of whom were members of the earliest Dutch families settling in the New Netherlands, and he was a minister in the Protestant Methodist church, being a mem ber of the Baltimore convention which organ ized that body, and of George Taylor, a na tive of Ireland; great-grandson of Lazarus Brewer, of Monmouth County, N. J. ; and great- great-grandson of Anneke Jans Bogardus, of New York. Rev. Mr. Brewer was educated in the country schools and at Robinson Springs academy. He taught school from 1851 to 1856; in 1856 was elected superintendent of education of Coosa County, being the first under the new school law; was a member of the house of rep resentatives from the same county, 1857-59; and a member of the State senate, 1859-63. In the fall of 1860 he was ordained to the min istry in the Missionary Baptist church, and served his first pastorate at Wetumpka. In February, 1862, he was elected captain of an infantry company raised in Coosa County, and was first on detached duty at Pensacola, but in June, 1862, was assigned to the Co. A., 36th Alabama infantry regiment. With this organi zation he served until the ' close of the war, much of the time in command. He was adju tant-general of Alabama during 1866, but re signed before the close of the year. He then returned to the active ministry, in which he continued without interruption until 1901, when he was appointed to the position of chaplain of convicts, by Gov. Wm. J. Samford, being retained in office by Gov. Wm. D. Jelks. After the expiration of his term in 1907, he again took up his ministerial work. He has served as moderator at various times of the Central, the Tuskegee, and the Harris Baptist associa tions. Author: "A History of the Central (Baptist) Association," (1895); "History of the 46th Alabama Regiment," which appeared in the "Montgomery Advertiser," 1902; and several unpublished manuscripts, on file in the Alabama department of archives and history. Married: December 20, 1854, at Rockford, Coosa County, to Laura Ann, daughter of Judge Isaac Willis and Louisa (McCary) Suttle, of that county. Children: 1. Sallie Teresa, m. Henry Bradford, deceased; 2. Edgar, m. Mary Morgan; 3. Ella Rosa, d. young; 4. Samuel Oscar, m. Ollie Wilkie; 5. George Francis, m. Frances Meredith; 6. Mattie Laura, m. Dr. B. W. Allen; 7. Mamie Louisa, m. Thomas M. Espy; 8. Infant son, deceased; 9. Charles Mil- ford, a Baptist minister, m. Chattie Williford. Residence: Notasulga. BREWER, JAMES THOMAS, farmer and legislator, was born April 30, 1856, at Larkins- ville, Jackson County; son of Martin Lewis and Sarah Berry (Woosley) Brewer, the former of Princeton, was in the Seminole War, and a recruiting officer in Jackson during the War of Secession, the latter was of Larkinsville, Jackson County; grandson of James and Mary (McGhee) Brewer of Princeton, and of Wil liam Alexander and Mary (Morris) 'Woosley, of Larkinsville; great-grandson of Aaron Walden 212 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Woosley, a soldier from Bedford County, Va., in the Revolutionary War. He was educated in the common schools of his native county. He is a farmer and represented Jackson County in the legislature of 1911. He is a Democrat. Married: February 1, 1897, at Larkinsville, to Mary Ann, daughter of Wiley Peyton and Ona V. (Woosley) Proby, whose ancestors came from England. Children: 1. Ora Bird; 2. Edna Mai; 3. James Thomas, jr.; 4. Karl Stanly. Resi dence: Larkinsville. BREWER, LEROY, business man, was born February 19, 1818, in a log cabin on the banks of Murder Creek, Conecuh County, and died in 1893, in Mobile. During his childhood, he helped on his father's farm and attended school six months of the year in a log cabin in the woods taught by John Chapman. In 1832, the family moved to a farm within four miles of Livingston, Sumter County, then called Choc taw Nation. Mr. Brewer attended school in Livingston under Robert H. Smith, and later in a "neighborhood school" which was opened near the Brewer farm, under W. H. Beasley. When he was seventeen years old, he took charge of his father's farm and conducted it for four years, then entered the mercantile business at Blackwater, Kemper County, Miss., first in partnership with Angus E. Mclnnis, and later alone. In October, 1849, his store with all the stock, books and papers, covered by no insurance, was burned. He settled up his affairs, moved to Mobile, and in 1851, en gaged in a cotton factorage business with Dr. Edward Brown. After six years, he withdrew from that firm, and entered partnership with R. D. Ogletree, under the firm name of Brewer & Ogletree, and in 1861, bought out the inter est of his partner. During the war, Mr. Brewer was continually on duty with the troops around Mobile, and after the close of the war, with a loss of almost everything, formed a copart nership with Thomas Duggan, Hugh L. Hop per, and Calvan A. Harris, in a mixed business of general groceries and cotton factorage. In ' 1878, the firm dissolved and Mr. Brewer car ried on the business under the same firm name, with his nephew, T. P. Brewer, as partner, until May 30, 1884, when they were burned out with heavy loss. From that time until his health failed, he conducted a cotton factorage business. . . Mr. Brewer was elected to the State legis lature in 1872, on the same ticket with Hon. Peter Hamilton, Hon. Decatur C. Anderson, and Hon. A. R. Manning, and served on the ways and means committee in that body. He was re-elected the following four terms, and repre sented Mobile County, in the constitutional convention of 1875. In 1882, he was again elected to the State legislature. He was a director in the National Commercial Bank from the time of its organization until its change of name to the Alabama National Bank in which he continued as a director. He was, for many years, a director in the Planters and Merchants Insurance Company of Mobile, and was president of that company, 1876-1879. Married: In 1884, Emma O. (Phares) Hopper, daughter of John C. Phares of Sumter County. Children: 1. a son, born in 1886, d. November 1, 1892; 2. Olive Maud. Last residence: Mobile. BREWER, RICHARD HENRY, colonel C. S. Army; son of Nicholas Brewer, of Annapolis, Md., entered the United States Military acad emy, July 1, 1853, as a cadet from the 1st Maryland district, graduating July 1, 1858, and receiving the appointment of brevet 2nd lieu tenant of the First dragoons; was promoted 2nd lieutenant, March 29, 1859; resigned May 1, 1861, in order that he might join the Confed eracy. He was appointed 1st lieutenant, corps of cavalry, C. S. Army, September 9, 1861; was assigned as acting assistant adjutant general to Maj. Gen. Leonidas L. Polk, October 8, 1861, and was relieved at his own request, Decem ber 15, 1861. He was assigned as major of the Second battalion, Mississippi and Alabama cav alry, in December, 1861; was promoted lieu tenant colonel of the same battalion; promoted to the colonelcy of the First Mississippi and Alabama cavalry, June 1862; and was again relieved from duty at his own request. He attached himself as volunteer to the staff of Gen. Pender, about August 10, 1862, and served in this capacity until November 3, 1862. On December 20, 1862, he was assigned to the tem porary rank of major, Provisional Army, under Gen. J. C. Pemberton, and on March 16, 1863, he was acting assistant adjutant general to Lieut. Gen. Polk. He was highly recommended for appointment as brigadier general, in May and November, 1863, by Generals Wheeler, Polk, Wharton and Hill. He was wounded in action at Piedmont, Va., on June 5, 1864, and died June 25 of the same year. BREWER, SAMUEL BLOUNT, business man, was born November 2, 1834, near Coving ton, Newton County, Ga.; son of Rev. Aaron G. and Martha (Taylor) Brewer, the former a native of Monmouth, Monmouth County, N. J., born 1795 and after his ordination as a Metho dist minister, assisted, 1826, in organizing the Protestant Methodist church in New York City, and later organized stations in Alabama, Geor gia, and South Carolina; was president Meth odist Protestant conference of Alabama at the time of his death in Opelika, in 1877; was chaplain of Rodes' regiment, C. S. Army, 1861; fought in the battle of Manassas; helped nurse the wounded and sick Confederate soldiers; was collector of military stores from 1863 to the close of the War; edited "Southern olive tree," Atlanta, Ga., 1852 to 1855; grandson of George and Elizabeth (Schenck) Brewer, Quakers, who lived near Monmouth, N. J., and of George Taylor, a native of Ireland. This branch of the Brewer family sprang from An- neke Jans, daughter of the King of Holland, who married the Rev. Bogardus, an Episcopal minister. To her . was granted by the King, in 1620, a tract of land that lies in the heart of New York, upon a part of which Trinity church now stands. Descendants of this pair now bear a great many variations of the name, among which are Baur, Brawer and Brewer. Samuel Blount Brewer was educated in Abbe ville and Edgefield Counties, S. C, and in Coosa DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 213 and Autauga Counties. He began farming when a mere boy and contributed largely to the support of the family. In 1852, he removed with the family to Atlanta, Ga., and learned the printer's trade, and the following year became assistant editor of the "Southern olive tree," of which his father was editor. From 1855 to 1860, he taught school in Montgomery County. Following this experience, he was en gaged by the "Montgomery Advertiser" as a reporter. He later engaged in the mercantile and insurance business. He located in Annis ton in 1883, and later became connected with the railroad and water power development, real estate and insurance. He was a private in the Metropolitan guards, Third Alabama infantry regiment and was in charge of the wagon train from Ppllard to Pensacola, December, 1860; was in charge of the arsenal at Fort Barrancas, when the regiment reached Pensacola. In 1863, he was made major and assigned to duty in the commissary at Richmond; was oh the staff of President Davis after he left Richmond, Va., until his capture in Georgia. He was sec retary of the Democratic convention of Ala bama, 1860; assistant secretary of the State executive committee, 1874-75, and assistant sec retary, State convention of the Democrats, 1874. He is a Methodist, and a Mason. Author: "Battle of the ages between Satan and God," unpublished, showing that the United States is the true Israel restored, as pointed out in the prophecy and fulfilled by proper computation of time, dates and events. Married: October 1, 1861, in Richmond, Va., to Marian Grant, daughter of Walter and Margaret Glenn (Grant) McFarland, all natives of Scotland, who later immigrated to Richmond, Va. Chil dren: 1. Margaret Grant; 2. John E. R.; 3. Marian Daisie, m. Thomas W. Walsh, and since his death, a kindergarten teacher, Anniston; 4. Walter McFarland, m. Annie Corrie, An niston; 5. Annie Taylor, Millidgeville, Ga.; 6. Charles Blount, m. Nellie Reynolds, Washing ton, D. C; 7. Alpine Glenn, Tampa, Fla.; 8. Mary Hannon, Anniston; 9. Irving S., m. Kate Ledbetter, Anniston. Residence: Anniston. BREWER, SAMUEL LOUIS, lawyer and cir cuit judge, was born August 3, 1864, near Tus kegee, son of William George and Mary (Atta way) Brewer, and the brother of Judge George Edward Brewer (q. v.). Judge Brewer was educated in the Park high school at Tuskegee; for some years he was employed in printing offices in Opelika and Tuskegee; and in the early eighties was one of the teachers in Bar ton academy, Mobile. He read law in 1888; was admitted to the bar in 1889; took a sum mer course in the law department of the University of Virginia, 1901; was elected so licitor of the fifth judicial circuit 1892; re elected in 1898; and was elected judge of the same circuit in 1904, to succeed Judge N. D. Denson, re-elected in 1910; and again re-elected in 1916. He is a Democrat; a Methodist, served as a trustee of the Alabama conference female college; is a Mason, and a Knight of Pythias. Married: December 7, 1892, at Bagdad, Fla., to Charlie Belle, daughter of Charles Patrick and Mary Ellen (Townsend) Walker, of Wetumpka and Prattville. Mrs. Brewer is a direct de scendant, on her father's side, of James Wilson, one of the signers of the Declaration of In dependence. No children. Residence: Tuske gee. BREWER, WILLIS, lawyer and author, rep resentative in congress, was born March 15, 1844, in Sumter County and died in Montgom ery; son of Robert Willis and Jane (Hadden) Brewer, natives of Perry County, and of Abbe ville District, S. C, respectively, the former a farmer and merchant who served in the ar tillery branch of the C. S. Army; grandson of William Brewer, a native of South Carolina, who came from Wilkes County, Ga., to Ala bama in 1818, and died in Macon County, and of William Hadden, a soldier in the Revolution who married a Miss DeFoe; great grandson of William Brewer, born in America, but of Welsh parentage. Mr. Brewer was reared on a farm and received academic training. When he was fourteen years old he entered a printing office, and three years later, he and an old schoolmate, Judge Deloach, edited a paper at Milton, Fla. During the War of Se cession he volunteered to serve in the C. S. Army three times, but due to ill health was not able to perform active service. He was en gaged in post duty at various places, was a deputy provost marshal and enrolling officer. For a short time he was on the staff of Gen. Wirt Adams, in Mississippi, and in 1865, was appointed aide-de-camp on the staff of the governor. The same year he was admitted to practice law. After the war, Mr. Brewer edited a semi- weekly paper, the "Wilcox Times," for nearly three years, and in 1868 moved to Hayneville and established the Hayneville "Examiner," which he edited until 1880. After that time, he devoted himself to planting and practicing law. In 1871, he was appointed treasurer of Lowndes County by Governor Lindsey, and served in that office for a few months. In 1876, he was elected state auditor on the Demo cratic ticket; was re-elected in 1878; was elected to the lower house of the legislature in 1880, and served on the ways and means com mittee; was elected to the senate from Lowndes and Autauga Counties, 1882, and served as • chairman of the committee on internal im provements; was re-elected to the senate, 1886, and served as chairman of the committee on finance and taxation; was elected to the lower house, 1890, and made chairman of the com mittee on ways and means; and was re-elected in 1892. He was a presidental elector for the state-at-large on the Cleveland ticket, 1892, and was elected to the fifty-fifth and fifty-sixth congresses. He retired from congress in 1901 to his home, "The Cedars," about seven miles from Montgomery. In 1908 he moved his citi zenship to Montgomery. Mr. Brewer was author of the "History and Resources of Alabama," 1872; "The Children of Isachar," 1884; "Secret of Mankind," "Egypt and Israel;" and of various articles among which are "Suicide," "A Tribute to Col. S. S. Scott," and "The Fiery Furnace of Fifty Years Ago." He was president of the state 214 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY press association in 1876; was chairman of the senate committee which investigated the em bezzlement of State-treasurer Vincent in 1882; was a director in the Montgomery, Hayneville & Camden railroad; and was a Mason. He was possessor of the file of the "Democrat," Ca haba, for the years 1838-1840, edited by Wil liam L. Yancey. Married: In 1869, Mary Baine, daughter of Gen. David W. Baine, who was killed at Frazier's Farm, as colonel of the Fourteenth Alabama infantry, C. S. Army. Children: Willis, jr., deceased, b. February 1, 1878. Last residence: Montgomery. BRICKELL, ROBERT COMAN, chief jus tice of the supreme court of Alabama, was born April 4, 1824, at Tuscambia, Colbert County, and died November 20, 1900, in Huntsville; son of Richard Benjamin and Margaret Wil liamson (Coman) Brickell; grandson of Rob ert and Sarah Jane (Prout) Coman, who emi grated from North Carolina and settled in Madison County. The Brickell family came originally from Wales and settled at Raleigh, N. C. A history of the family, dated from 1600, was in the possession of this branch of the descendants until it was seized during the War of Secession and destroyed. The Coman family, originally of Belfast, Ireland, was in troduced into Raleigh, N. C, by two brothers, Robert and James Coman. Judge Brickell's father was born in 1800 at Raleigh, N. C moved to Alabama in 1818 and located at St. Stephens; moved to Cahaba when Alabama became a state, and was elected the first state printer, publishing the first volume of the acts of the general assembly; moved to Huntsville in 1822, and to Athens in 1826 where he was editor and publisher of "The Athenian," a weekly newspaper; was elected to the State legislature from Limestone County, 1831; re elected, 1833; and died January 8, 1835, at Athens. Judge Brickell's mother was sister of Hon. J. P. Coman of Limestone. After the death of her husband, she taught school and with the assistance of her son, Robert, sup ported her family of six children. Judge Brickell learned his alphabet in his father's printing office, and attended school in Athens under Mr. McQuistion and Michael Frazer, and at Nashville, Tenn., under John Perryman. He read law under Judge Daniel Coleman at Athens for two years, and when he was nineteen years old, was admitted to the bar in the circuit court of Limestone County. He began to practice law, 1843, in Athens. In 1851 he moved to Huntsville; practiced with Septimus D. Cabaniss, and later in the firm of Walker, Cabaniss & Brickell, Gen. LeRoy Walker, later a member of the cabinet of President Davis and first secretary of war, C. S. A., being senior partner. In 1857, Mr. Cabaniss retired, and the firm became Walker & Brickell, continuing until 1873 when Judge Brickell was appointed an associate justice of the supreme court of Alabama. At this time the court was composed of Republican judges and the appointment was made by Gov. David P. Lewis, a Republican, although Judge Brickell was a strict Democrat. In 1874, he was elected justice, and the following year was chosen chief justice by the court. In 1880 he was elected chief justice by the Democratic party, and continued to hold that office until October 25, 1884, when he resigned and re turned to Huntsville to resume his practice. In 1889, he was appointed general council for the Decatur Land Company, and practiced law in North Decatur with C. C. Harris and John C. Eyster. He moved to Montgomery in 1891, and formed a partnership with Maj. H. C. Semple and Mr. Gunter, under the firm name of Brickell, Semple & Gunter. He was appointed chief justice of the supreme court, March, 1894, by Gov. Thomas G. Jones, and served until 1898, when he declined reelection. ±ie returned to Huntsville, and in 1899, formed the law firm of Brickell & Brickell, with his son, Robert C. Brickell, who was admitted to the bar that year. This firm was termi nated in 1900 by the death of Judge Brickell. He was author of Brickell's "Digest of the Decisions of the Alabama Supreme Court," first volume published in 1872, second in 1874, and third in 1888. The digest is dedicated to Judge Daniel Coleman, under whom Judge Brickell first read law. His decisions are em braced in forty-six volumes of Alabama Re ports, beginning with Forty-ninth Alabama and ending with Seventy-ninth Alabama, com mencing again with One Hundred Second Ala bama, and continuing through One Hundred Twenty-second Alabama, and are quoted with approval by the highest courts throughout the Union. He was a States-rights Democrat, a Mason, and was elected a member of the American Social Science Association shortly before his death, which made him a member of the National Institute of Arts, Sciences and Letters. Married: November 29, 1876, at Montgom ery, Mary Blassingame, daughter of Robert James and Mary Caroline (Blassingame) Glenn, of Coosada, Autauga County, and of Marion; granddaughter of Mary Lewis of Virginia, a lineal descendant of Robert Lewis of "Belvoir," of Augustin Warner, and of Gov. George Reade, of Virginia. Mrs. Brickell, whose mother was a younger sister of Aurelia Blassingame, sec ond wife of Gov. Fitzpatrick of Alabama, was reared by Mrs. Fitzpatrick after the death of her parents. Children: 1. Robert Coman (q. v.), attorney general of Alabama, Huntsville; 2. Benjamin Fitzpatrick, b. 1883, in Huntsville, d. 1886, in that place. Last residence: Hunts ville. BRICKELL, ROBERT COMAN, jr., lawyer and circuit judge, was born September 21, 1877, at Huntsville; son of Robert Coman and Mary Blassingame (Glenn) Brickell (q. v.). Judge Brickell was educated in the private schools of Huntsville and Montgomery, the University of Alabama, 1893-94, and the University of Virginia, where he studied law for one term, 1899. He later read law under his father. He was presidential elector for the 8th congres sional district, in 1908, and attorney general of Alabama, 1911-1915. On January 9, 1915, he was commissioned to succeed Hon. D. W. Speake, deceased, as judge of the 8th judicial circuit, and elected for a full term of six years, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 215 November 7, 1916. He is an Episcopalian; a Democrat; a Mason; a Knight of Pythias, and an Elk He is unmarried. Residence: Hunts ville. BRICKEN, CHARLES RUSSELL, lawyer, brigadier general, A. N. G., and presiding judge, court of appeals, was born March 6, 1869, at Richmond, Henrico County, Va.; son of Charles Rush and Isabella (Allen) Bricken, the former a native of Manchester, Piedmont County, Va., later a resident, and physician and surgeon in Richmond, the author of several medical text books and of the book "Dreams and Somnam bulism"; grandson of William and Fannie (Pleasants) Bricken who lived in Manchester, Va., and of Richard G. and Agatha (Simon) Allen of Richmond. The name, Bricken, has passed through several modifications, Brychan, DeBrechin, Brechin. In the fifth century, a prince of Anglo Saxon ancestry, by the name of Brychan, ruled in South Wales, and his de scendants later scattered into Scotland. Under Malcolm II, about 1006, Sir William De Brechin was granted lands for faithful services in For- shire where the town and castle of Brechin stood. From this family descendants mi grated to England, where Rober De Brechin, son of William of Scotland, married a sister of Edward IV. Another De Brechin in Scot land married a daughter or sister of Malcolm II of Scotland, of which union there were heirs. The name was prominent in England and Scot land at an early period, and especially from the period beginning with Malcolm II, in 1005, to the time of the last Edward. The family is directly descended from two royal families and both branches once held vast possessions in Scotland, England and Wales. De Brechin peer age was registered in the College of heralds. In about 1700, one of the members of the Eng lish branch went to Holland and from there, William M. Bricken, came over to the United States in 1720, and located in Manchester, Va. His son, Col. John James Bricken, served in the Revolutionary Army. Judge Bricken was edu cated in the common and private schools Of Richmond, Va., and in Alabama. He read law and was admitted to the practice in 1889, locating at Greenville. In 1890 he removed to Luverne where he continued to follow his profession. He was city attorney of Luverne, 1890-93; mayor, 1893-96; solicitor 2nd judicial circuit, 1899-1916; elected judge of the court of ap peals, 1919; served as associate judge of the court of appeals until November 1, 1919, and was then made presiding judge, which office he now holds. On the reorganization of the national guard, after the Spanish-American War, he was elected major of the Second infant ry regiment, and was afterwards elected lieuten ant colonel of the regiment, which office he held eleven years; elected brigadier general, First Alabama brigade, 1915, and commanded that organization during the mobilization of the Alabama troops for duty on the Mexican border, in that year. He was mustered out of the Federal service in 1917, and resigned as brigadier general, A.' N. G., in order to ac cept the office of associate judge of the court of appeals. His resignation and acceptance took place two months prior to the declaration of war between the United States and Germany. He has always been an active member of the Democratic and Conservative party of Alabama. He was reared an Episcopalian but united with the Methodists during a residence remote from a church of his own denomination. He is a Mason; Knight of Pythias; Woodman of the World; Red Man, and Moose. Married: (1) December 24, 1890, at Luverne, to Buena May, daughter of Dr. James E. and Fannie (Riley) Kendrick of that place; (2) June 30, 1908, at Mobile, to Bessie, daughter of John and Vir ginia Marion (Lett) McDuffie, of Franklin, Monroe County. Children, by the first wife: 1. Beryl Richardson, m. Lorenzo Cosmo Rawlin- son, Montgomery; 2. Charles Russell jr.; 3. Isabelle, m. James Duncan, Greenville; by the second wife: 4. Allen McDuffie; 5. John Ben jamin. Residence: Montgomery. BRIDGES, BLUFORD BUTLER, lawyer, was born August 12, 1848, near Cross Plains, now Piedmont, in Benton, now Calhoun County; son of Billings and Arabella (Smith) Bridges, who lived in Benton County, the former came with his mother from Campbell County, Ga., to Ben ton County after his father's death, the latter a native of Wake County, N. O, came with her father to Benton County about 1837, was mar ried in the latter part of 1847, and after Mr. Bridges death, married L. B. Holcombe, De cember 1851, and died ^n Calhoun County, Sep tember 1867; grandson of Benjamin and Eliza beth Bridges, who lived in Georgia, and prior thereto, in South Carolina, and of Hardy and Elizabeth Smith, who lived in Wake County, N. O, and moved to Benton County. Mr. Bridges obtained his education principally in country schools, immediately before and just after the War of Secession. He read law at home while "working in a wagon and blacksmith shop, and was admitted to the bar, June 1886, at Edwards- ville, Cleburne County. He practiced law at Edwardsville until 1900, then moved to Dade ville, Tallapoosa County, and entered a law partnership with J. Percy Oliver, under the firm name of Bridges & Oliver. He served as justice of the peace, 1882-1886. He is a Democrat; a Methodist Episcopalian, serving as steward in the church, 1892-1900; and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: (1) December, 1871, in Calhoun County, Susan Matilda, who died April, 1884, in Cleburne County, daughter of Solomon Jefferson and Julia A. (Holcombe) Geer, the latter born in Union District, S. C, died in Pied mont, Calhoun County, 1905, granddaughter of Benjamin and Susan Holcombe; (2) 1884, Hudson Alice Howell, born June, 1864, in Cle burne County, daughter of Hudson and M. Jane Howell, the former of whom was killed in the battle of Atlanta, July, 1864, the latter died October 1892, at Anniston. Children, by first marriage: 1. Julia Bell, m. 1890, Asa McDaniel Dodd, Columbus, Ga.; 2. William Howell, m. 1899, Lelia Garrett, Cedartown, Ga.: no chil dren by second marriage. Residence: Dade ville. BRIDGES, JOHN W., lawyer and planter, was born in 1800 and died in 1858. He came to Wil cox County when he was about eighteen years 216 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY of age, and was one of the early settlers of the county. He became a planter there, read law and was admitted to the bar. He practiced law, was elected to the State legislature in 1825, and represented Wilcox County there for thirteen years. In 1842, during Gov. Fitzpatrick's term of office, Judge Bridges was placed in charge of the committee of ways and means in the legis lature, in view of the absolute necessity at that time, for the passage of a revenue bill to meet the expenses of the State government, and to recover the sinking credit. For years, the people of Alabama had not been called upon to pay state taxes; the charge of paying the ex penses of administering the government resting, in the meantime, on the banks. The crash came and exposed the inefficiency of the sys tem to stand the shock which its bad manage ment and corruption had produced. The the ories and expedients which had been relied upon since the called session of 1837, had all failed.. The frauds which to some extent formed the subject of legislative investigation in 1841, had opened the eyes of the people to an unwel come truth. It was with such a situation that Judge Bridges was confronted in 1842. The sys tem was probed to the bottom, and the revenue bill, a thing new to Alabama, was brought be fore the house in due time, reported by Col. Bridges, and passed in both houses. After this service, he was a member of the house for a number of years, his last term being in 1849. That same year, he presided over the Demo cratic state convention which nominated Chief Justice Collier for governor. He was also judge of the county court for several years. Married: Miss Bethea, of Wilcox County. Last residence: Wilcox County. BRIDGMAN, FREDERIC ARTHUR, artist, author and musician, a native of Alabama, was born at Tuskegee, November 10, 1847. His parents were from Massachusetts. He removed to New York at the age of sixteen and became an apprentice in the engraving department of the American bank-note company; meanwhile studied in the Brooklyn art school and the National academy of desiga in New York; and was a student under GerOme at the Ecole des beaux arts, Paris. He is specially known as a painter of figure and of oriental and arch aeological pictures; is a composer of orchestral music; and the author of several books. Resi dence: Paris. BRIGHTMAN, WILLIAM M., merchant, was born, 1828, in New York City; son of Adolphus and Amelia (Travis) Brightman, natives of New York, the former a contractor and builder of English descent; grandson of Nathan Tra vis, a native of Nova Scotia, a hatter, who fought in the Revolution. Mr. Brightman was educated in the public schools of Albany, and when he" was seventeen years old, engaged in the cigar and tobacco business in that city. He moved to Alabama, locating at Hayneville, in 1850, and engaged in the cigar and tobacco trade there. In March, 1862, he joined Co. K, Fifth Alabama infantry, C. S. Army, as a pri vate, and served in the Virginia army, fighting at Seven Pines, the seven days' battle, sec ond Manassas, Gettysburg, Fredericksburg, Antietam, Chancellorsville, around Richmond and in the Shenandoah Valley with Early. At the time of the surrender, he was home on special furlough of one from each company, and during the last three years of the war, was orderly sergeant. He was engaged as clerk for J. P. Streety & Company, in 1866, and three years later became a member of the firm. He remained with the firm for more than a quarter of a century. He was a mem ber of the board of revenue of Lowndes County, was a Democrat, and a Presbyterian. Mar ried: In 1856, Mary E. Tobler, who was born in Mobile in 1833. Her father died during her infancy, and she removed with her mother to Hayneville, where she was educated and mar ried. She died in 1872. Children: 1. Willett T., of the firm of J. P. Streety & Company; 2. Maggie L., m. R. S.M. Whorter; 3. Charles H.; 4. Mary C; 5. La Rue. Residence: Hayne ville. BRINDLEY, AUGUSTUS ROSCOE, lawyer, was born at Sand Rock, Cherokee County, De cember 9, 1878; son of Rev. Perry Kennon and Hannah Josephine (Wilson) Brindley, the former of Sand Rock, the latter of Turkey Town; Etowah County; grandson of Asa R." and Harriet Brindley, of Sand Rock, and of Joseph and Celia (Edwards) Wilson, of Turkey Town. Asa Brindley was a soldier in the Mexican War; sent six sons into the War of Secession, all of whom were killed except Perry Kennon Brindley, who became a minister of the Metho dist Episcopal Church South, and was in the organization of the North Alabama conference. Representative Brindley received his education at Centre, Collinsville, and Gaylesville, and graduated in the law department of the Uni versity of Alabama, LL. B., 1902. He repre sented Etowah County in the legislature of 1911, and again in 1915, he is now in the active practice at Gadsden. He served as 2nd lieu tenant, later as captain of Co. C, Third regi ment, A. N. G., he promptly entered the first officers' training camp at Fort McPherson in 1917, and was assigned to duty as a captain. He subsequently rose to the rank of major in the judge advocate general's department, U. S. Army. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; an Odd Fellow; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: at Chautauqua, N Y., August 17, 1910, to Lurene Lee Goodhue, the daughter of Amos E. and Car rie Lee (Ross) Goodhue, of Gadsden. No chil dren. Residence: Gadsden. BRINDLEY, MACE T. B., planter, was born late in the eighteenth century, and died Aug ust 30, 1871. He was a relative of Lieut. G. R. Brindley, of the Fifty-fourth Alabama regi ment, C. S. Army. Major Brindley served for many years as clerk of the county court of Blount County; was at one time a bank di rector at Decatur, and an attentive student of the banking system of Alabama. He was elected to the house in 1839, as a representa tive from Blount County; and was elected to the senate from Blount and Marshall Coun ties in 1841. He remained in the senate for fourteen years, and then retired from public HON. WILLIAM J. SAMFORD DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 219 life. He was a Democrat. Last residence: Blount County. BRINDLEY, PORTER MACE, lawyer, was born February 29, 1876, at Gum Springs, Mor gan County, and died February 1, 1920, at Hartselle; son of Asa Benton and Peachy Ann (Wilson) Brindley, the former served in the C. S. Army, first as private, later as a lieu tenant, fighting under Generals Morgan, Wheeler, and Roddy, and Col. Josiah Patterson, was a Baptist minister and physician; grandson of Mace Thomas Payne and Nancy Stewart (Hamby) Brindley (q. v.), the former a repre sentative also senator from Blount, now Cull man County, several times, and for whom Brind ley Mountain, Cullman, is named, and of Greenberry and Mary (Bradshaw) Wilson, the former came from South Carolina, and settled in 1812, several miles east of Hartselle, and Wilson Mountain is named for him. Mr. Brind ley was educated in the public schools of Gum Springs; and graduated LL. B., 1900, from the University of Alabama. He was admitted to the bar in Corsicana, Texas, in 1897; removed to Hartselle where he continued to practice his pro fession until his death; was city attorney of Hartselle, 1910-1911. He represented Morgan County in the house of representatives, 1919. He was a Democrat; Baptist; Woodman of the World; Knight of Pythias; and a Junior Order United American Mechanics. Married: July 4, 1901, at Danville, 111., to Laura Belle, daughter of Richard and Frances Jane Jeffries. Chil dren: 1. Richard Benton; 2. Porter Wilson; 3. Stella Frances; 4. Freda Belle. Last residence: Hartselle. BRISCOE, ALBERT WALKER, lawyer and State insurance commissioner, was born March 10, 1874, at Apple Grove, Morgan County; son of Huell Lawson and Amanda (Coulter) Bris coe, the former of Marshall County, a captain in the C. S. Army, being later detailed to man ufacture saddles, was a physician and practiced at Falkville from "1881 until his death in 1903; grandson of Thomas and Sarah (Hill) Bris coe, who lived at Anderson, S. C, prior to 1817, and of William and Catherine Coulter, who lived near Pulaski, Tenn., the former a steamboat operator on the Tennessee river. The Briscoes are of English descent, coming first to Charleston, later moving to Anderson, S. C. The Coulters are of Scotch-Irish de scent who came first to Tennessee. Mr. Bris coe was educated in the common schools of Morgan County; at the Falkville normal school; graduated A. B., from the Baptist col legiate institute, at Danville; and spent two sessions at Louisville Baptist seminary. He studied law in Cullman and at Russellville and was admitted to the bar in 1901. Prior to his appointment as State insurance commissioner he practiced at Lafayette, and was a mem ber of the State senate from the ninth district, 1919. He is a Democrat; Baptist; Mason; Odd Fellow; Knight of Pythias; Woodman of the World; Columbian Woodman; Modern Wood man; and Praetorian. Married: Susie Vir ginia, daughter of Joseph and Cordelia (Stowe) , Vol. 111—15 Shackelford (q. v.). Children: 1. Irene; 2. Huell Joseph; 3. Annie May. Residence: Mont gomery. BRITTAIN, C. M., Missionary Baptist min ister, living in 1913. Residence: Columbia. BRITTAIN, JAMES LEONIDAS, Methodist minister and teacher, was born July 23, 1846, in Marshall County; son of Joseph Marshall and Cary Ann (Cams) Brittain, the former born in Buncombe County, N. C, lived at Sum mit, Blount County, was orderly sergeant in the 19th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, afterwards in the conscript bureau; grandson of William and Jane Brittain, of Athens, Tenn., and of James and Nancy Cams, of Summit; great-grandson of George D. Slaton, born April 6, 1776, in Virginia, removed to Alabama, and died April 4, 1860, in Murphrees Valley. Mr. Brittain attended school at Danville; gradu ated at Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn., A. B., 1871, A. M., 1873; joined North Alabama conference, Methodist Episcopal church, South, in November 1873; was super numerary in 1879, because of trouble with his eyes; taught at Belview academy in Birming ham for some years; and in 1893 resumed work in conference. He is a Mason. Married: June 11, 1873, at Danville, to Mary Novella, daugh ter of Sylvanus and Elizabeth (Grizzelle) Gib son, of Lawrence County. Residence: Birming ham. BRITTAN, PATRICK HENRY, publisher and editor, secretary of state of Alabama, 1859- 1865, was born September 21, 1815, at Thorn ton's Gap, Va., and died March 18, 1868, at Montgomery; son of George Brittan, a native of Ireland, who emigrated to America and set tled in Thornton's Gap, Va. Gen. Brittan was an uncle of Barbee, the sculptor. He learned the printing trade in Washington, D. C; went to Columbus, Ga., in 1839; and was connected with the press of that city until 1843 when he established the Lafayette "Tribune," in Lafayette, Chambers County. He remained with the latter paper until 1847, then moved to Montgomery and entered journalism in that city. In 1848, he bought a half interest in the "Advertiser," and the next year his partner, Mr. McCormack, withdrew from the publica tion, selling his interest in the paper to Thomas DeWolf, of the "State Gazette," and to Gen. Brittan. They changed the name from the "Advertiser" to that of the "Advertiser and State Gazette." In May, 1853, Mr. DeWolf sold his interest to M. P. Blue, and the paper was continued under the firm name of Brit tan and Blue, until 1856. During the six years he was in partnership with Mr. DeWolf and Mr. Blue, Gen. Brittan was state printer. Brittan and Blue applied steam to their presses, November 1853, being the first pub lishers in the state to do so. In 1856, Gen. Brittan began a small daily, the Montgomery "Messenger." It was a non-political publica tion devoted entirely to local news. It ceased to exist January 18, 1858, when it was merged into the "Confederation," of which J. J. Seibles, R. A. Wyatt and Gen. Brittan were owners. 220 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Gen. Brittan served as quartermaster-general of Alabama from 1857 until 1859, and as secre tary of state of Alabama from 1859 until 1865. He was a Democrat and a member of the Prot estant Episcopal church. Married: February 28, 1839, at Columbus, Ga., Ora Williams, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Holland) Williams, of Morgan County, Ga. Children: 1. Kate, m. John E. Simpson, resides at Birming ham; 2. Mary, m. John H. Stillman, resides at Birmingham; 3. Henry S., deceased; 4. Em- mett, deceased; 5. Grattan, m. Annie Doland, resides at Birmingham; 6. Lizzie B., m. W. W. Bloodworth, resides at Sylacauga, Talladega County; 7. Lucy, m. John B. McClary, resides at Birmingham; 8. Sallie, deceased, m. B. S. Williams; 9. Belle, m. George S. Mooar, re sides at Birmingham. Last residence: Mont gomery. BRITTON, WILLIAM GILLASPIE, farmer, soldier and public official, was born February 16, 1842, at Greensboro, Hale County; son of William Worrell and Margaret Isabella (Gil- laspie) Britton, the former a native of Edge field District, S. C, who removed early in life to Alabama; grandson of Benjamin Britton, who lived at Edgefield and of Daniel and Mar garet (NeSmith) Gillaspie, of Lowndes County. His early education was obtained at Pleasant Ridge, Greene, now Hale County, under the instruction of A. A. and E. A. Archibald. While attending Oglethorpe university, Ga., he left the sophomore class, January, 1861, to join the Confederate Army, and was 1st sergeant, Co. D, Greensboro guards, 5th Alabama infantry regiment, Battle's brigade, Rodes' division. He was so severely wounded, September 19, 1865, at Winchester, Va., that his right arm had to be amputated; captured, and sent to Point Lookout, Md. He engaged in farming after the war, and was tax collector of Hale County, 1874-82. He is a Presbyterian; Knight of Pythias; Odd Fellow; A. O. M. W., and a cap tain of the Ku Klux Klan. Married: (1) April 26, 1865, in Greene County, to Mary Henrietta, daughter of John and Mary Long, of Cooksville, Miss.; (2) January 21, 1871, to Mary Susan, daughter of Robert Randolph and Mary Red ding, who lived at Hollow Square, Hale County. Children: 1. William Lee, deceased; 2. Isabella Monk, deceased; 3. Mary Alice, m. Alonzo Ber nard Gewin, Cedarville; 4, John Gordon, m. Lucy Burton, Pratt City; 5. Laura Porter, m. Bestor Bernard Livingston, Akron; 6. Bettie Scott, m. Noah Gideon Harris, Akron; 7. Edwin Rodes, Greensboro; 8. Thomas Baxter, Demopo lis; 9. Daniel Elijah, Demopolis. Residence: Greensboro. BROADUS, SAMUEL SINCLAIR, banker, was born January 10, 1860, at Greenville, S. C; son of Rev. John Albert and Charlotte Eleanor (Sinclair) Broadus, the former a na tive of Culpeper, Va., who lived at Greenville, S. C. and Louisville, Ky., was a Baptist preacher, and served as chaplain in Lee's army during the War of Secession, was a pro fessor and later the president of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, Greenville, S. C.; grandson of Maj. Edmund and Nancy (Simms) Broadus, of Culpeper, Va., and of George and Ruth Ann (Belt) Sinclair, of Charlottesville, Va. The Broadus family, form erly spelled Broadhurst, emigrated from Wales to Virginia in 1715. The Sinclairs were Scotch, of Norman origin who went to England with William the Conqueror. The Belt family is of English descent. Mr. Broadus attended the Furman University, Greenville, S. C, then for three years was a student in the University of Virginia, graduating in 1883. During the year, 1881-1882, he taught school in Louisville, in order to finance his last year at the uni versity. For the five years following his gradu ation, he served as agent for the Standard Oil Company; was financial agent for the Land Company boom at Florence, 1888-1892; organ ized the Merchants Bank at Florence, becom ing cashier and managing officer, 1892-1905; organized the Stevenson Cotton Mills, 1901, and became president of the company; became pres ident of the Merchants Bank at Decatur, where the head office had been moved the year be fore, 1905, and continued president when the name was changed, in 1908, to the Tennessee Valley Bank; organized the Tennessee Valley Building & Loan Association, 1912. Mr. Broadus served as a notary public for a quarter of a century, as a convenience in banking. He was a Democrat; a Baptist; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. In the latter lodge, he was chan cellor commander for three successive terms. Married: December 25, 1895, at Lafayette, Margaret Carlisle, daughter of Joseph A. and Margaret (Echison) Carlisle, of Lafayette, who were of Scotch descent. Children: 1. John Albert, b. 1900; 2. Charlotte Sinclair, b. 1903; 3. Theodore Harris, b. 1904. Margaret Carlisle, b. 1906; 5. Joseph Carlisle, b. 1908; 6. Mary Daniel, b. 1912. Last residence: Decatur. BROADY, J. M., Presbyterian minister, liv ing in 1913. Residence: Birmingham. BROCK, GEORGE WILLIAM, teacher, was born February 18, 1864, on his father's farm in Etowah County; son of Josiah and Louisa (Riggs) Brock, the former a native of Bun combe County, N. C, and later a resident of Collinsville, a justice of the peace, farmer, vol unteered for Confederate service but was re jected owing to over age after a few months' service ; grandson of Hiram Brock, of Buncombe County, N. C, and of William D. Riggs, a soldier of the War of 1812. Professor Brock attended short terms in the rural schools and the Gayles ville high school, in Cherokee County. During 1889-90-92, he was a student at the Collinsville high school from which he graduated the latter year. In 1893 he entered the State normal col lege, at Florence and graduated, taking a spe cial course during the summer school at How ard college. He graduated from the University of Alabama, 1900, with the B. A. degree and received the honorary degree of LL. D. from Howard college in 1917. He taught in the rural schools from 1883 to 1887; was principal of the high school and superintendent of the public schools of Oakman, 1894-95; held a like posi tion in the public schools of Jasper, 1896-97, and at Alexander City, 1898-99; member State DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 221 board of examiners for teachers, 1899-1902; superintendent Opelika City schools, 1902-07; chairman of the faculty, Livingston normal school, 1907-10; and president from the latter date to the present time. He is a Democrat and a Baptist. Married: (1) June 6, 1899, at Oxford, to Carrie Luttrell; (2) August 30, 1910, to Mary, daughter of John Black and Ora (Bar rett) Boyd, of Atlanta. Children: by the first wife: 1. Mildred. Residence: Livingston. BROCKWAY, DUDLEY SAMUEL, physician, was born March 30, 1853, at Gaston, Sumter County; son of Dr. Augustus E. and Martha E. (Horn) Brockway, the former a native of Lynn, Conn., who settled in Kentucky, was graduated from the Transylvania University, came to Alabama and practiced medicine in Choctaw County, and later in Sumter County, the latter a native of North Carolina; grand son of Jacob and Polly Horn, of Gaston, who came from North Carolina and settled first in Choctaw County. The Brockway family is of English origin and came to America in the latter part of the seventeenth century. Dr. Brockway was prepared at Mt. Sterling, Choc taw County, and at Livingston School; was graduated from the University of Alabama, B. S,. 1874; studied medicine with Dr. R. D. Webb, of Birmingham; was graduated from the Medical College of Alabama, M. D., 1878; " from the Jefferson College, Philadelphia, Pa., 1881; and took a post graduate course at the New York Polyclinic Medical School, 1891. He began to practice medicine at Coatopa, 1878; moved to Livingston, 1887, and has continued his practice there since that time. He is a Presbyterian; a Knight of Pythias; a Mason, serving as worshipful master for six years; has been grand senior councilor of the Alabama State Medical Association; and secretary-treas urer of the Sumter County Medical Society. Married: (1) March 24, 1885, at Brewersville, Sallie M. Patton; (2) November 8, 1903, at Car rollton, Mary Ella Stansel, daughter of Martin Luther and Olivia Stansel (q. v.), of Carrollton. Children: 1. Elizabeth, Livingston; 2. Helen, d. April 1, 1907. Residence: Livingston. BRODNAX, ROBERT, planter, was born late in the eighteenth century and came to Au tauga County from Hancock County, Ga., at an early day. He represented that county in the State Legislature for many years pre vious to 1834 when he was elected to the Senate, defeating his opponent, Hon. William R. Pickett. Soon after he had served his term in the Senate, he moved to Mobile where he established a commission house. He spent two years in Cuba, learning the methods of raising Cuban tobacco; returned to Alabama and set tled in Clarke County, where he occupied him self in the cultivation of that plant. In 1860, he supported Bell and Everett, in opposition to secession, but after the step was taken, re sisted the North intensely. He was elected to the Senate from Clarke, Monroe and Baldwin counties, during 1863 and 1864, and after the fall of the Confederacy emigrated to Brazil. BROMBERG, FREDERICK GEORGE, law yer, representative in Congress, was born June 19, 1837, in New York City; son of Frederick and Lisette Cunigonde Dorothea (Beetz) Brom- berg, natives of Hamburg, Germany, who came to America in 1832 and 1833, respectively, were married in 1834, and moved from New York to Mobile on the ship Louis Cass; grandson of Carl and Elizabeth Beetz of Hamburg, Ger many. The father of Mr. Bromberg, who con ducted a music and variety store in Mobile un til his death in 1885, was county commissioner of Mobile County, 1867; general administrator of Mobile County, 1868-1870; and a member of the common council of the City of Mobile, 1867. Mr. Bromberg attended Harvard College and was graduated, A. B., 1858. In 1861, he entered the chemical department of Harvard College, and served for two years as assistant to Prof. Charles W. Eliot, then professor of chemistry in the Lawrence Scientific School, and later president of the university. Two years later, he was elected a tutor in mathematics at Harvard University, which position he re signed in 1865, and returned to Mobile. Dur ing the school year, 1866-1867, he acted as teacher of mathematics in the school of Madame A. de V. Chaudron; was elected a dele gate to the first Republican state convention held in Alabama, 1867; was appointed city treasurer of Mobile by Gen. Pope, commander of the district, for two years; and in 1868, was elected to the state senate from the twenty-eighth sen atorial district. He served in the senate for four years, and during his term was a mem ber of the judiciary committee and the com mittee on banking. In 1869, he was appointed, by President Grant, postmaster of Mobile for two years. He was a delegate to the liberal Republican convention at Cincinnati which nominated Horace Greeley for president of the United States in 1872. Mr. Bromberg, liberal Republican, was nomi nated for congress in 1873 from the first Ala bama district by the Democratic convention which knew it could not elect a Democrat. He was elected and served one term, being a member of the committee on commerce. He voted for James G.- Blaine for speaker. He was renominated for congress by the Demo crats, but because of the influence brought to bear by the administration, was defeated. In 1877, he was again nominated for congress by the People's party, but was counted out While serving in congress he took an active part in shaping and promoting legislation for the im provement of rivers and harbors of Alabama, and was author of the first national quaran tine bill, which was passed by the house, but not reached in the senate because of the Louisi ana embroglio. It was the beginning of the agitation which has resulted in the enactment of the national quarantine laws. In 1874, he introduced a bill for the establishment of a bureau of internal improvements, and was one of the sub-committee which drafted the "Eads' jetties" bill for the improvement of the mouth of the Mississippi River. He also introduced a resolution favoring the institu tion of an inquiry into the solvency of the Na tional Freedman's Saving & Trust Company, 222 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY which resulted in an investigation, and the closing of the institution. In 1876, Mr. Bromberg was admitted to prac tice before the supreme court of Alabama, and iour years later was admitted to practice be fore the supreme court of the United States. Following his admission to the bar, he retired from public life to devote himself to his pro fession. He has served as president, as vice- president, and as chairman of the committee on correspondence of the Alabama State Bar Association; was one of the organizers of the National Bar Association in 1888, and has served as vice-president; has been vice-presi dent of the southern conference of Unitarian churches for many years; was appointed by Gen. Pope as school commissioner for a num ber of years following the War of Secession; and was one of the members from Alabama of the Columbian Centennial Commission by nomi nation of Gov. Seay. He was a member of the Alabama Conference Commission on Uniform State Laws; was president of the Mobile Bar Association, 1900-1902; of the Alabama Har vard Association; a fellow of the American Geographical Society; and of the National Geo graphical Society; an associate of the Ameri can Branch Society of Psychic Research; a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science; and of Phi Beta Kappa at Harvard. He is a member of the Unitarian church. He is author of "Law of National Quarantine," "A Report on Legal Education," "Admission to the Bar"; of a pamphlet entitled, "The Reconstruction Period in Alabama"; of papers of the Iberville His torical Society No. 3; and of various articles for the Alabama Law Journal. He was po litical and literary editor of the "Unionist," a Progressive Republican newspaper at Mobile, until 1912. Residence: Mobile. BROOKE, HADLEY YERBY, editor and ex aminer of accounts, was born in Washing ton, D. C, and died April 6, 1915; son of John Marshall and Fannie G. (Yerby) Brooke, the latter of Jackson, Miss.; grandson of Robert and Harriet (Hitch) Brooke, and of William and Martha Yerby. The Brookes have long been seated in Fauquier County, Va., where John M. Brooke was born. He served in the C. S. Army in a cavalry company of which his cousin, James Marshall, was captain. Hadley Y. Brooke is a direct descendant of Judith Marshall, who married George Brooke. She was the daughter of Col. Thomas Marshall and the sister of Chief Justice John Marshall. He was educated in Catholic parochial schools, but never attended school after he was twelve years of age. At that age he entered the service of the "Mobile Register" and learned the printer's calling. He was for about nine years in the government printing office at Washing ton, and while there was color sergeant of the Washington light infantry corps. He has served as tax commissioner and tax collector of Crenshaw County. He was appointed a Fed eral reserve bank examiner and died while in the discharge of this duty. He was a Demo crat; and a member of the Knights of Pythias. Married: July 28, 1890, at Mobile, to Sadie, daughter of Wm. W. and Frances Ingalls, of that place. Children: 1. Osborn Marshall; 2, Ed. Russell. Last residence: Luverne. BROOKE, MYRTLE, member of the faculty of Alabama girls technical institute, 1913, Montevallo. BROOKS, F. H, editor, of the Southern edu cation journal and family magazine, 1843-44, the first educational journal and the second magazine published in the State, published in Mobile. BROOKS, JAMES THOMAS, public official, was born December 22, 1840, at Lafayette, Chambers County; son of James and Malinda (Robinson) Brooks, the former a farmer and merchant of Pike County and later of Chambers County, who, with his brother, Paschal Brooks, fought in the War of 1812; grandson of James and Sallie (Traylor) Brooks, and of Thomas and Sarah (Lloyd) Robinson, natives of Georgia and Virginia, respectively. Mr. Brooks re ceived his early education in the schools of Chambers County, entered the Methodist Col lege, Auburn, during its first term in 1859, and attended until 1861, when he enlisted, March 22, in Co. A., Seventh Alabama regi ment, C. S. Army. In 1862, he was promoted to lieutenant, and served in that position un til the close of the war, often acting as captain of his company. He began the manufacture of tin and engaged in the mercantile business, 1865-1869; moved to Gadsden, 1870; was elected register in chancery of Etowah County, 1870- 1886; mayor of Gadsden, 1882-1885; clerk of the circuit court, 1886-1888; clerk of the city court, since 1891. He is a Democrat; a Mason and Templar of Gadsden; a Mystic Shriner; an Odd Fellow; a Knight of Pythias; a Knight of Honor; and a Knight of the Golden Eagle. Married: April 19, 1866, Fannie Smith, daugh ter of John C. and Sarah (Reed) Smith. Chil dren: 1. Susie V., m. R. N. Taliaferro; 2. Carolyn. Residence: Gadsden. BROOKS, LESLIE EVERITT, lawyer, mer chant and legislator, was born in Mobile; son of Augustus and Mary Elizabeth (Everitt) Brooks. He received his early education at the Convent of the Visitation, Mobile, and graduated at the University of Virginia, in 1856. He read and practiced law prior to the War of Secession, and merchandised after wards. He represented Mobile County in the State senate, 1846, and was again elected in 1880; appointed postmaster of Mobile, 1885. He was a member of the lower house, 1894- 95, and 1900-01; elected to the constitutional convention, 1901. He entered the Confederate service as 2nd lieutenant "Alabama Dragoons" commanded by Theodore O'Hara, and subse quently served Co. B, "Mobile cadets," 21st Alabama infantry regiment. He was appointed assistant postmaster in the Confederate States Navy; served on the C. S. Steamer "Louisi ana"; was captured when New Orleans fell into the hands of the Federal troops; im prisoned at Ft. Warren, Boston Harbor, ex changed; served on the C. S. Steamer "Chatta hoochee," commanded by Captain Catesby ap DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 223 R. Jones; afterwards served on the "Olustee," commanded by Captain Ward, C. S. Navy; cruised off the capes of Delaware, destroying much of the enemy's commerce; served on the "Columbia" under Captain Evans, C. S. Navy. He is a Democrat. Married: January 23, 1866, at Union Springs, Elizabeth Fontaine. Resi dence: Mobile. BROOKS, MILLARD F„ public official, was born October 11, 1856, in Pike County; son of Jordan G. and Mary S. (Walker) Brooks, the former a native of Georgia, and later a resi dent of Butler County, enlisted as a private in the 33rd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, was promoted successively to lieutenant and captain and killed at the battle of Mur freesboro in 1863; grandson of Robert Brooks and wife, who was a Miss Gillmore, of Georgia, the former a native of Virginia, soldier of the Revolutionary War, migrated to South Caro lina in 1800, and thence to Georgia in 1810, finally settling in Pike County, in 1836; great- grandson of Andrew Walker, a native of Ire land who migrated to America in 1816 and set tled first at Charlotte, N. C, and subsequently in Pike County, where he died. He received his education in the common schools of his native county and devoted his first business ac tivities to telegraphy. Later he was interested in the lumber business. He was telegrapher and station agent for the Louisville and Nash ville railroad at William, and at Brewton, and in 1886 was elected by the Democrats to the circuit clerkship of Escambia County. In 1889, he was appointed register in chancery, and by special act of the legislature of 1888-89 was made ex officio clerk of the county court. He has been chairman of the Democratic execu tive committee of his county, and is a Knight of Honor, and Knight of Pythias. Married: May 1, 1880, to Ella, daughter of William H. and Lucinda Anderson. Children: 1. Millard, graduated in 1900 with the degree of B. S., at the Alabama polytechnic institute, cashier of the bank of Atmore; 2. Minnie I.; 3. Leon G. Residence: Brewton. BROOKS, WILLIAM McLIN, lawyer, was born, 1815, in Sumter District, S. C; son of William Middleton and Elizabeth Wiche (Wat son) Brooks, natives of Virginia who emi grated to South Carolina, then to Alabama and settled in 1833 in Marengo County; grandson of William and Susanna (Middleton) Brooks, both of English descent. Judge Brooks was a descendant of Virginia stock who espoused the cause of the colonies in the American Revo lution. His father was engaged in merchan dising, cotton raising, hotel management and the breeding of blooded stock, and was par ticularly known as a horseman. Judge Brooks received his early schooling in a preparatory school in S. C, and attended the South Caro lina College at Columbia, until the death of his father, when he returned to Alabama to assume charge of the estate and the respon sibilities of the head of the family. He con tinued his literary studies and, in addition, read law, until, in 1838, he was licensed to practice. He opened a law office in Linden, the Marengo County seat, and became asso ciated with William Robinson, a wealthy planter of that vicinity, who had lately moved from Charleston; and later, with William M. Boyd, who afterward was a judge of the Ala bama supreme court. Two years after entering the practice, Judge Brooks was elected solicitor of that judicial district, and was re-elected in 1844. He re signed from that office after six years of dis tinguished success, and moved to Mobile where he practiced for two years in partnership with Hon. A. R. Manning, afterward member of the Alabama supreme court. The yellow fever scourge in 1853, drove him from his new home, and he located in Marion. Soon after his ar rival in that city, Gov. John Anthony Winston appointed him to the circuit bench to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Hon. A. B. Moore, who had been nominated for gov ernor. A few months later he was elected to the same position by the people of the circuit. During the year 1856, Judge Brooks made many political speeches before large audiences in favor of Buchanan and Breckenridge. One of these addresses was delivered at a grand protracted political meeting at Uniontown, and among the orators was William L. Yancey. It fell to Mr. Brooks' part to follow Mr. Yancey, and that he was able to interest the audience under the circumstances, is evidence that he had remarkable capacity as a stump speaker. In July, 1856, Judge Brooks resigned from the circuit bench and formed a law partnership with Col. Warren Garrett. The firm became second to none in Alabama. Judge Brooks, Col. Garrett, and Robert H. Smith of Mobile were considered the three foremost lawyers of the state at a time when it boasted of such men as John T. Morgan, Gen. Pettus, Judge Clopton, William L. Yancey and others known to history. An ancedote of those times is to the effect that a preacher in Perry County clinched a plea to his congregation for their salvation with the statement, "Remember, when you die-, not even Brooks and Garrett will be able to save you from hell." When the Democrats held their convention, January, 1860, to appoint delegates to the forth coming Charleston convention which had been called to nominate a candidate from the party for the presidency, Mr. Brooks was made one of the delegates to Charleston, and withdrew from that convention with the Alabama dele gation. He took a very active and influential part in the canvass for Breckenridge and Lane in Alabama. When the Alabama convention was called to formally secede from the Union, Judge Brooks, who represented Perry County, was elected president of the body. During the war, he was chairman of a committee to pro vide sustenance for the support of the fam ilies of Confederate soldiers, non-slaveholders of the hill country in the vicinity of Birming ham. In 1864, when men hitherto over the age limit were being accepted for active service, he enlisted and was elected colonel of a regi ment of reserve troops. Judge Brooks' part ner, Mr. Garrett, then a brigadier-general in the C. S. Army, was killed at the seige of 224 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Vicksburg, and shortly afterward, his place in the firm was taken by Ex.-Gov. Moore. In 1866, Judge Brooks located in Selma and prac ticed with John Haralson until 1886, when he moved to Birmingham, entering as senior part ner in the law firm of Brooks, Bush & Vary. Married: (1) Ann Eliza Terrell of Dayton, died 1866, daughter of a Marengo County cot ton planter; (2) Annie E. Thomas, of Vir ginia. Children: 1. William Terrell, b. Sep tember, 1845, in Marengo County, d. 189- at Selma, enlisted in C. S. Army at the age of seventeen as sergeant-major of the Twenty- fifth Alabama, served to the close of the war under Hood and Johnston, was promoted to first lieutenant, became secretary of the Union Iron Works Company at Selma, m. Carrie L. Tuttle; 2. Julia, b. 1860, d. 1862; 3. Frank, b. in Mobile, d. July, 1862; 4. Richard Leonidas, lawyer, Birmingham; 5. Fanny, deceased; 6. Henrietta Julia, b. in Marion; 7. Ida, b. in Marion, m. John T. Bradford, Tallahassee, Fla. Last Residence: Birmingham. BROOME, JAMES A., major, and later lieu tenant colonel, 14th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. BROTHERS, SAMUEL DAVID GROSS, law yer, was born June 19, 1858, on Cane Creek, Calhoun County, and died January 25, 1901, at Jacksonville; son of Dr. Philip Houston and Ginsey (Downing) Brothers, the former a na tive of St. Clair County, a physician who spent his professional life almost entirely in Calhoun County, the latter a native of Calhoun County; granddaughter of Thomas J. Downing, an early pioneer of St. Clair County, a descendant of Irish parentage, who moved to Calhoun County in 1835. Dr. Brothers was brother of George Absolom Brothers, a planter, who was born May 18, 1872, and died June 23, 1900, was a graduate of the University of Alabama, A. B., 1893, LL.B., 1896, and resided at Zula; of Philip Houston Brothers, a planter, who was born November 9, 1874, was a graduate of the University of Alabama, A. B., 1895, LL. B., 1896, resides at Zula; of Dr. Thomas Jefferson Broth ers, physician, who was born December 7, 1879, was graduated from the University of Ala bama, A. B., 1905, and from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, Md., re sides at Anniston; and of Dr. William Patton Brothers, physician, who was born March 16, 1861, and died December 10, 1886, was a gradu ate of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, M. D., 1886, resided at Cane Creek. Mr. Broth ers was graduated from the University of Ala bama, A. M., 1880, and from the law depart ment of the university, LL. B., 1881. After leaving college, he located at Jacksonville and began to practice law. In 1883, he entered in to partnership with J. J. Willett of Anniston, under the firm name of Brothers and Willett. Some time later, he was elected mayor of Jacksonville, and served in that office for three years. In 1899, he returned to Anniston, and renewed the old partnership with J. J. Willett under the name of Willett & Brothers. He was elected attorney for Calhoun County and was serving in that capacity at the ' time of his death. He was a Presbyterian, and a member of the Alabama State Bar Association. Married: October 21, 1885, Ella, of Jack sonville, daughter of Benjamin C. and Elsie (Snow) Wyly, natives of Georgia and Ala bama, respectively. Children: one son and two daughters. Last Residence: Jacksonville. BROTHERS, THOMAS J., physician and sur geon; graduated in Baltimore in 1903. Resi dence: Anniston. BROUGHTON, JOHN THOMAS, physician, was born April 25, 1830, at Greensboro, Ga.; son of Edward and Sarah Claricy (Lackey) Broughton; grandson of John A. and Sarah (Jurdine) Broughton, of Greensboro, Ga., the former a native of England who came to this country about 1800, and of Thomas and Sarah (Davis) Lackey, of Putnam and Harris Coun ties, Ga., the former a native of South Caro lina, of Irish parentage, who settled in Georgia in 1831, made a trip to northern Alabama in 1836, and on his return was killed by an In dian war party not far from where the town of Opelika now stands. Dr. Broughton's fa ther was a planter in early life, who became interested in the internal improvement of the south, was one of the promoters and contract ors of several of the earliest railroads of Georgia and Alabama, and, in partnership with several of his sons, built that part of the L. & N. railroad extending from Fort Deposit to Flowers Mills, in 1855-1856. Two of Dr. Brough ton's brothers were killed during the War of Secession; Edwin fell before Richmond in 1862, and Lieut. L. P., in the second battle of the Wilderness. Dr. Broughton was prepared in high school at LaGrange, Ga., attended the University of Georgia at Athens, 1849; Charles ton Medical College, S. C, 1850; and the Uni versity of Pennsylvania from 1851 until he was graduated, M. D., 1853. Following his gradua tion, he returned- to LaGrange, Ga., and began to practice his profession; moved to Green ville, January, 1855, and practiced there for nearly sixty years. When he first came to Greenville, Dr. Broughton served also in the capacity of a contractor, being connected at that time with his father and brothers in the construction of the M. & M. railroad, which was built from Montgomery to Pensacola, Fla., and completed, April, 1861. He also has devoted part of his time to planting, and is the owner of four large plantations, located in the vicin ity around Greenville. During the War of Secession, he served in the surgeons' corps, C. S. Army, with headquarters first at Columbus, Miss., and later at the Chimborazo Hospital, Richmond, Va., where he was stationed at the end of the war. He constructed the war hos pital at Greenville in 1862. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Mason; and an Odd Fellow. Mar ried: (1) June 30, 1853, at LaGrange, Ga., Sarah Ashford, a native of Putnam County, Ga., who died in 1878, a daughter of Thomas Ashford; (2) June, 1894, Elizabeth C. Brough ton. Children, by first wife: 1. Mary, d. at the age of four years; 2. Mamie Ashford, m. Henry Z. Wilkinson, Greenville; 3. Louis Ed ward, physician, was graduated from Tulane DR. RUSSELL M. CUNNINGHAM DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 227 University, New Orleans, m. Mary Belle Hen derson, Andalusia; 4. Capt. Thomas Ashford, physician, m. Adele Trotter, Andalusia. Resi dence: Greenville and Andalusia. BROUGHTON, THOMAS, soldier of the American Revolution, sergeant and lieutenant; particular service not disclosed; records show that his widow, Mary Broughton, lived within the vicinity of Decatur and received payment from that branch of the State Bank. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. BROUN, WILLIAM LeROY, educator, was born October 1, 1827, in Middleburg, Loudoun County, Va., and died January 23, 1902, at Auburn; son of Edwin Conway and Elizabeth (Channel) Broun, the former a native of Lan caster County, Va., who lived in Virginia un til his death in 1840 ; grandson of William and Jeanetta (McAdam) Broun, who lived in Lan caster County, Va., the former a native of Scotland, a prominent lawyer in northern neck Counties of Virginia, who practiced in colonial days, and of Dr. James and Susan (Pickett) Channel of Fauquier County, Va.; great-grand son of Dr. Joseph and Sarah Ann (Goskins) Mc- Adams, and of William S. Pickett of Fauquier County, Va. ; and a descendant of George Broun, of North Britain (Scotland). Dr. Broun was prepared at Warren Green Academy, Warren ton, Va., attended the University of Virginia, and was graduated from that institution, M. A., 1850. He taught school for a year in a private school in Virginia; was elected to a professorship of physics and chemistry at Oak land College, Mississippi, and filled that chair, 1852-1854; was elected to the chair of mathe matics at the University of Georgia, 1854-1856; organized Bloomfield Academy, near the Uni versity of Virginia, and conducted that school, 1856-1861. At the outbreak of the War of Secession, Dr. Broun enlisted in the C. S. Army as a lieutenant of artillery. Soon after, he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel of the ordnance department and was assigned to duty as commandant of the arsenal at Richmond, over which he exercised supervision until the end of the war. In 1866, Dr. Broun was elected professor ot natural philosophy at the University of Geor gia, and subsequently president of the Agri cultural and Mechanical College, a branch of that university, being connected with the in stitution until 1875. He was elected professor of Mathematics at Vanderbilt University, Nash ville, Tenn., 1875-1882; was called to the presi dency of the Alabama Polytechnic Institute, 1882-1883; was elected professor of mathematics and chairman of the faculty at the University of Texas, at Austin, 1884, and resigned that position later in the year in order to accept, for the second time, the presidency of the Alabama Polytechnic Institute, which he filled until his death in 1902. It was mainly through his influence that a well-equipped electrical engineering plant and a biological laboratory were added to the Alabama Polytechnic In stitute. He was an accurate and critical clas sical scholar, was one of the foremost mathe maticians of the country and a recognized au thority on physics and astronomy. To him is accredited much of the development of indus trial and technical training in the South. The degree of LL. D. was conferred upon him by St. John's College, Maryland, in 1874, and by the University of Georgia, in 1892. He was a Democrat and an Episcopalian, of which church he was a senior church warden. Married: November 2, 1859, in Hanover County, Va., Sarah Jane, daughter of Dr, George and Mary Orrell (Coleman) Flem ing who lived at Chantilly, Va. Her brother was a professor in the University of Virginia, and fell in the battle of Fredericksburg, dying from the effect of his wounds. Children: 1. LeRoy; 2. Mary Lewis; 3. Maud Minor; 4. Elizabeth Lee; 5. Sallie Fleming, deceased; 6. George Fleming; 7. Catherine Conway. Last residence: Auburn. BROWDER, JAMES DANIEL, physician was born May 22, 1820. in Dinwiddie County, Va.; son of Thomas and Jane D. (Montague) Brow der, both natives of Virginia and descendants of prominent families in that state. He re ceived his schooling at a neighboring academy and was graduated at the age of nineteen. He left Virginia in 1839 and came to Alabama, traveling the entire distance, twelve hundred miles, on horseback. He located in Marengo County and began to teach school, but soon after returned to Virginia to prepare himself for the practice of medicine. He entered the medical department of the University of Vir ginia, and took a course of lectures; entered Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa., and was graduated, M. D., 1842. Returning to Alabama, he practiced medicine in Marengo and Hale Counties until he retired. He was a member of the Roman Catholic church. Mar ried: in 1848, at Philadelphia, Pa., Maria Louisa Capron, of that city. Children: 1. a son, a planter in Sumter County; 2. William Montague, was graduated from the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa., M. D., 1888, practiced medicine with his father at Gallion, elected state senator, 1894-1898, special inspec tor of the treasury department, located at Key West, Fla.; and three daughters. Residence: Gallion. BROWN, ADOLPHUS, business man and leg islator, was born April 28, 1867, at Talladega, Talladega County; son of Oakley and Catherine (Lawrence) Brown, both natives of South Car olina; grandson of Richard and Frances Brown, and of Green and Susan Lawrence, both fami lies residing in Union, S. C. He was educated in the schools of Talladega. He operates a grist mill, cotton warehouse and a coal mine. He represented Talladega County in the legislature of 1915. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; and Knight of Pythias. Married: October 19, 1903, at Lincoln, to Leila, daughter of Z. and Sarah (Ware) Henderson of Ragland. Resi dence: Attalla. BROWN, ANDREW, deceased Presbyterian minister, mentioned in Nail's "Dead of the Synod of Alabama," 1851. 228 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY BROWN, ANNIE FINLEY (GREENE), au thor, was born in Tuscaloosa; daughter of Thomas Finley and Virginia (Owen) Greene (q. v.), and sister of Frances Nimmo Greene (q. v.). She was educated at home by her mother and attended the Tuscaloosa female col lege for two years, graduating with the M. A. degree and highest honors. She taught in the public schools for two years and also for two years in a college for girls at Sweetwater, Tenn. She is a Democrat, and member of the New church. Author: "Fireside Battles," a novel for girls; also stories published by "Youth's Companion," "Harper's," besides a number of short sketches, and essays, that have appeared in current publication. Mar ried: in 1881, in Tuscaloosa, to Eugene Levert Brown. Children: 1. Eugene Levert. Resi dence: Chicago, 111. BROWN, ARMSTEAD, lawyer, was born June 6, 1875, at Talbotton, Talbot County, Ga.; son of Henry Clay and Susan Agnes (Dow dell) Brown, the former born at Talbotton, where he was a merchant and farmer for a number of years, eventually moved to Cham bers County, Ala., and was too young for the Confederate service; grandson of Thomas Arm- stead and Frances B. (Smartt) Brown, the former born in Petersburg, Va., moved about 1835 to Talbotton, where he married a grand daughter of one of the Henderson families of N. C, and was connected with the quarter master department in the War of Secession, as he was too old and infirm to serve actively in the C. S. Army, and of James F. and Sarah (Render) Dowell, who lived successively at Auburn, Lafayette and Oak Bowery, Ala.; great- grandson of Armstead Brown and Frances Dud ley, of the family of Gov. Dudley of Virginia, and a descendant of the Dudleys of English history. Judge Brown received much of his education in Le Vert college, Talbotton. Here he learned short hand, and when about four teen years of age he went to work as a stenog rapher for Gov. John B. Gordon, and from his office he went as stenographer to the law firm of King and Spalding (then Calhoun, King and Spalding), of Atlanta. He studied law in the office of Chief Justice J. R. Dowdell, in Lafay ette, and was admitted to the bar, December 11, 1897; was register in chancery and county solicitor, 1898-1902; and practiced law in Lafayette until November 10, 1905, when he moved to Montgomery and formed a law part nership with J. Lee Holloway, which con tinued until he was appointed judge of the city court of Montgomery, by Gov. B. B. Comer, on February 12, 1909. At the November elec tion of 1910 he was elected for the term end ing in 1917,' but resigned February 1915, and removed to Jacksonville, Fla., where he ac cepted a position as division counsel for the Atlantic coast line railroad. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; was for a time president of the Alabama Sunday school association, and later chairman of its State executive committee; is a Knight of Pythias; a member of Alabama State bar association; and of the Alabama Li brary association. Married: November 21, 1901, at Montgomery, to Elizabeth Caroline, daughter of James Samford and Annie (Joseph) Dowdell, of Montgomery, and grand-daughter of Thomas Joseph, a native of the Azores, Por tugal, who settled in Montgomery and became a prominent merchant. Residence: Jacksonville, Fla. BROWN, BERTRAM ERWIN, Episcopal clergyman, for many years a resident of the State, was born October 24, 1871, at Sumter, S. C, son of Eugene Lewis (q. v.) and Mary Serena (Hoole) Brown, of Eufaula. Rev. Mr. Brown received his early education in private schools of Eufaula, graduated from the Uni versity of Alabama, A. B., 1891; student In the theological department, University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., 1891-92, and the Vir ginia seminary, Alexandria, Va., 1892-94; or dained deacon, 1894, and priest, 1896, in the Protestant Episcopal church. He has served churches at Marion, Uniontown, and Eufaula, and since 1909, at Tarboro, N. C. Married: at Uniontown, October 26, 1905, to Julia, daughter of Francis Harwood and Addle (Phillips) Bates, of Bates Farm, Perry County. Resi dence: Tarboro, N. C. BROWN, CHARLES ALLEN, teacher, was born January 6, 1872, at Sumterville; son of William Henry and Katherine Billingsley (Henagan) Brown; who lived at Sumterville and later at Livingston, the former a soldier in the C. S. Army until he was injured in some construction work; grandson of Lewis S. and Amaranth (Parker) Brown of Sumterville, and of Ephraim Lowndes and Nancy Ann (McKin- nis) Henagan, of Marlboro County, S. C. He received his education from the country schools of Sumter County; from McCainville Academy, under R. B. Calloway; from Sumter ville Academy, under Rev. C. M. Hutton; was graduated from the Alabama polytechnic in stitute, B. S., 1892, and C. E., 1893; and at tended summer school at the University of Tennessee for five summers, and at the Uni versity of Chicago for one summer. He was assistant instructor in mathematics and draw ing at the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1892- 1893; taught sciences in Birmingham high school, 1893-1897; became principal of the Hen ley school, Birmingham, 1897-1907; and was elected principal of Birmingham high school, 1907. He is a member of the Baptist church. Married: July 9, 1912, at Birmingham, to Edna Earle, daughter of Joseph Turner and Mary Magdaline (Loveless) Moore, of Besse mer; granddaughter of James and Martha (Daniel) Moore, natives of Kentucky and South Carolina respectively. Residence: Birm ingham. BROWN, CHARLES GAYLE, lawyer and at torney general of Alabama, was born Decem ber 29, 1844, at Marion, and died December 24, 1913; son of Wilson Richard and Mary Cogsdell (Parrish) Brown, the former a native of Mathews County, Va., removed in 1832-33 to Marion, Ala., where he became a banker and dry goods merchant, a Methodist, president of the board of trustees of Marion female seminary, and president of the old Perry insurance and DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 229 trust company; grandson of Jonathan Gayle Brown, who was the oldest justice of the peace of Mathews County, Va., and afterwards high sheriff, his father having been a Revolutionary soldier, and of Charles and Elizabeth (Hunt ington) Parrish; great-grandson of Plummer Huntington of the Connecticut family of that name. The Parrish family was originally from Virginia. The Huntingtons are of English and the Browns of Scotch ancestry. Gen. Brown was educated in the schools of Marion, gradu ated A. M. from Howard college, and spent, 1862-63, at the University of Alabama. During the War of Secession he served as 1st ser geant Co. F, 20th Alabama infantry regiment, Pettus' division, Hardee's corps, C. S. Army. He lived successively at Marion, Birmingham and Montgomery; was solicitor Perry County, 1872-174; solicitor Jefferson County, 1896-98; and was attorney general, 1898-1902. Married: (1) in 1874, at Marion, to Irene Huntington; (2) in 1876, at Marion, to Mary, daughter of Cyrus and Sarah (Hogue) Billingslea of that place. Children: 1. Carl Abercrombie, Birming ham; 2. Cyrus Billingslea (q. v.), m. Ernestine Poole, Montgomery; 3. Bradley Gayle, m. Marie Graves, Birmingham; 4. William Henry, U. S. Army; 5. Lamar Greenville, married and lives in Iowa. Last residence: Birmingham. BROWN, CHARLES WILLIAMS, lawyer and state senator, was born at Limrock, Jackson County, October 25, 1854; son of Jeremiah and Mary (Williams) Brown; grandson of John and Martha (Anderson) Brown, of North Carolina, and of Sam and Margaret (Gwynne) Williams. The wife of Col. John Snodgras was a sister of Jeremiah Brown. Senator Brown was edu cated in the common schools of Limrock, Lar kinsville and Scottsboro; graduated at the Uni versity of Alabama, A. B., 1878, and LL. B., 1880; practiced law at Scottsboro for a number of years, but is now retired from the prac tice, owing to defective hearing. He served as master in chancery, 1887; and was chief clerk of the State department of education, 1888-89. In the legislature of 1911, he served as a senator from the 5th district, and in the 1915 session of that body, as a representative from Jackson County. While at college in his senior year, he was captain of Cadet Co. B. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; an Odd Fel low; a Woodman of the World; and a member of the Sigma Nu college fraternity. In 1882 he was' editor of the "Scottsboro Citizen." Married: September 7, 1882, at River Hill plan tation, to Sallie Bell, daughter of Gen. John Reed and Mary Ann (Cross) Coffey, of Jack son County. The Coffey family is related to the Zollicoffers. Children: 1. Mary Elizabeth, m. Thomas B. Vance, Hollywood; 2. Eula Maud; 3. Annabel, m. Frank Johnson, Holly wood; 4. Octavia Eliza, died in infancy; 5. Ruth Forrestine. Residence: Glenzaida. BROWN, CYRUS BILLINGSLEA, secretary of state of Alabama, 1911-1915, was born Novem ber 11, 1881, at Marion, Perry County;1 son of Charles Gayle and Mary Elizabeth (Billingslea) Brown (q. v.). He was educated in the public schools of Birmingham; was a member of Co. B, Second Regiment, Alabama national guard, 1899-1904; was clerk of the State legislature, 1907-1911; secretary of state of Alabama, Octo ber 5, 1910 to January, 1915; is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Knight of Pythias; and a Woodman of the World. Married: (1) November 16, 1904, at Selma, to Clara L., daughter of Clifford White and Anna (Bungert) Parke, respectively of New York City and of Selma; (2) to Mrs. Ernestine (Poole) Hinson, daughter of Edward Daniel and Annie Elizabeth (Bell) Poole of Lowndes County. Residence: Montgomery. BROWN, DANIEL P., president of the Ala bama Baptist State convention in 1824. BROWN, EDWARD NORPHLET, JR., civil engineer, was born March 23, 1862, on a farm in Barbour County; son of Edward Norphlet and Frances Elizabeth (Long) Brown, the former a native of Carnac, Warren County, Ga., who was graduated at Franklin college, Ga., 1854, served as chaplain and quartermas ter of the Forty-fifth Alabama regiment, sur rendered at Greensboro, N. C, 1865, and rep resented Russell County in the State Legisla ture, 1880-1882, and 1894-1895; grandson of Washington Hardaway and Cinthia (Walker) Brown of Warren County, Ga.; great-grandson of Joel and Molly Berry (Persons) Walker of the same county. The Browns came from the town of Ayr, Scotland, and settled in Virginia. They were kin to Agnes Brown, mother of Robert Burns, the poet. The Persons and Walkers came from England and settled in North Carolina. Mr. Brown received his early education in the public schools of Barbour County, and was graduated from the Alabama polytechnic institute, A. B. and C. E., 1882. In the meantime he had done city and county sur veying work in Alabama and Georgia. In 1879 and 1880 he was employed as an axe, rod, level and transit man and construction engineer on the Athens & Northwestern railway of Georgia. In 1881, he went with the Richmond & Danville railroad in western North Carolina, where he did surveying and construction work. After his graduation from college, he was given charge of the construction of a stretch of road from Chipley to Greenville, Ga. He had five hundred laborers under him and finished the job without any assistance from more experi enced engineers. He was engineer of main tenance for the Central railroad of Georgia, 1884-1886, and the next year became assistant chief engineer for the same road and built a line into Birmingham. In the spring of 1887 he went to Mexico as assistant chief en gineer in charge of construction on the un completed main line of the old National rail road of Mexico. During the ensuing year he built a section of road from Santillo to San Miguel, three hundred fifty-two miles long, which bridged a longstanding gap and opened up a through line from the American border to Mexico City. He was then promoted to chief engineer, later assuming the additional duties of division superintendent at San Luis Potosi; served as superintendent on two divi sions until January, 1890, when he was made 230 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY general superintendent in charge of all physi cal work, reporting directly to the president of the road. He held that position for ten years; was promoted in 1900 to third vice- president and general manager, and in 1901 became first vice-president and general man ager. At this time he built an extension west to Uruapan, and during the next two years changed twelve hundred fifty miles of the road from narrow to standard gauge. In 1903, he was elected president of the National railroad of Mexico, and also president of the Mexican international railway. In 1908, when a merger of all the leading roads in the country was accomplished, and the National Railways of Mexico came into existence, Mr. Brown was elected president. He is an Episcopalian, and is a member of the Jockey, American, Commer cial and Country Clubs, of Mexico City. Mar ried: December 2, 1885, in Perote, Frances Thacker, daughter of Dr. William Austin and Mary Valicia (Pitts) Walker, of that city. Children: 1. William Raoul; 2. Thacker May; 3. Edward Long; 4. Gatra Minnie. Residence: Mexico City, Mexico.. BROWN, EUGENE LEVERT, druggist, was born January 22, 1846, at Oregon postoffice, Jefferson County; son of John Thompson and Catherine Elizabeth (Greene) Brown, who lived first at Oregon postoffice, Jefferson County, and later at Camargo, Miss.; grandson of John and Nancy Brown of Jefferson County, and of George Livingston and Jane (Young) Greene, natives of South Carolina, who emigrated to Alabama, and located at Oregon postoffice, Jef ferson County. He was prepared at Elyton, and attended the University of Alabama, Tusca loosa, 1863-1864. He was a traveling salesman for the Louisville drug house, Kentucky, for twelve years; for the firm of Lincoln & Brown, druggists, Little Rock, Ark., for two and one half years; served as secretary and treasurer of the Mansfield drug company, Memphis, Tenn., eight years; as president of the D. T. Weir white lead company, St. Louis, Mo., six years. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: July 10, 1883, at Tuscaloosa, Annie Finley Greene (q. v.), daughter of Thomas Fin- ley and Virginia (Owen) Greene (q. v.), of Tuscaloosa. Children: 1. Eugene LeVert, jr., mechanical engineer, St. Louis, Mo.; 2. Mary Brown, b. April 8, 1889, in Memphis, Tenn.; d. April 6, 1893. Residence: St. Louis, Mo. BROWN, EUGENE LEWIS, lawyer, was born in 1846 at Sumter, S. C, and died September 27, 1908, at Eufaula; son of John E. and Sarah (Ropers) Brown, whose ancestors were all of English descent, from emigrants who settled South Carolina in colonial times. He attended private schools in Sumter, S. C, and the Uni versity of South Carolina, from which he was graduated, B. A., 1868. He began to practice law at Clayton, Ala., in 1871; occupied the of fices of postmaster and assistant postmaster of Eufaula, from 1880 until 1906. He served in the C. S. Army as a private in the First South Caro lina regiment, 1862-1865. He was a Democrat, and an Episcopalian, vestryman of the St. James Church, Eufaula, for thirty years. Mar ried: January 18, 1871, at Eufaula, Mary Serena, daughter of Bertram Joseph and Vio- letta (Hunter) Hoole, the former a veteran of the Creek War and the War of Secession; granddaughter of James Lingard Hunter. Her ancestors were of English descent, settlers of South Carolina before the Revolution. Chil dren:.!. Bertram E. (q. v.); 2. Hoyt A., con nected with the American Red Cross, Balti more, Md.; 3. A. Merrill, m. Mary Merrill, re sides at Eufaula; 4. Wyatt Hunter, m. Laura Little, resides at Pittsburgh, Pa.; 5. Serena, of Atlanta, Ga. Last residence: Eufaula. BROWN, GEORGE S., physician. Died Octo ber, 1913. Residence: Birmingham. BROWN, HAMILTON, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 79, and a resident of Greene County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on September 17, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolution ary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 14, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Greene County, June 1, 1840, aged 86. — Census of Pen sioners, 1841, p. 149. BROWN, HARDIE, Methodist minister, was born August 8, 1832, at Gallatin, Tenn., and died August 27, 1887, at Birmingham; son of Barton Benson and Elizabeth (Parker) Brown, of Sumner County, Tenn., near Gallatin, the former a native of Georgia and a Methodist minister; grandson of King and Martha Parker, of Sumner County, Tenn. He worked on his father's farm in the spring and summer, going to school a few months in the fall and winter, until he was seventeen years of age. He ob tained his first instruction at Gallatin academy under Prof. Mallory. After attending this school for two sessions, he was appointed as sistant, and taught for two years, then en tered the sophomore class in Cumberland uni versity, Lebanon, Tenn., and was graduated with honor, A. M. After his graduation, he taught in the university for a year; was elected to a professorship in Dallas Male academy, at Selma, Ala., where he taught nearly two years; was elected professor of Greek and Latin in the Centenary institute at Summerfield for two years; was admitted to the Alabama confer ence on trial, and sent to Jonesboro circuit. He entered the C. S. Army as chaplain of the Twenty-eighth Alabama regiment, and went through the campaign around Corinth, Miss., and on Bragg's march into Kentucky. He left the army temporarily, taking charge of the Spring Hill circuit, and later of the Perryville circuit, then returned to the army and was captured in the battle of Selma. After the war, he was elected principal of Prattville high school, for two years; was transferred to the North Alabama conference in 1870, and sta tioned at Florence for three years. He was elected professor of ancient languages in the State normal college at Florence, holding that position for eight years, and then was elected president of the institution. In the meantime he DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 231 filled pastorates at Courtland for three years, and at Decatur for one year. After holding the presidency for three years, he resigned from the State normal college, and in the fall of 1884 was appointed by Bishop John C. Keener to the pastorate of the First Methodist Church of Birmingham, and was holding this charge at the time of his death in 1887. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by Vander bilt university. He was a Mason and an Odd Fellow. Married: (1) May 24, 1860, at Sum- merfield, Loula McGehee, who died March 10, 1870, daughter of Abner and Louisa (Lamar) McGehee, of Eufaula; first cousin of L. Q. C. Lamar: (2) in 1874, Mrs. Julia Broddie. Chil dren by first marriage: 1. Robert McGehee, d. April 1, 1909; 2. a daughter, m. Edward K. Campbell, chief justice court claims, Washing ton, D. C; 3. Edward Lamar, principal of Lake- view school, Birmingham; 4. daughter, m. C. H. Ohme, Birmingham; by second marriage: 5. Lucien O, Birmingham; 6. daughter, m. James Brock, Florence. Last residence: Birmingham. BROWN, HENRY HART, lawyer, was born August 24, 1837, at Hopewell, Tuscaloosa County, and died January 9, 1903, at East Lake, Jefferson County; son of John and Rachel Potts (Norris) Brown; grandson of George and Sarah (Adair) Brown, and of John and Elizabeth (Harrell) Norris; great-grandson of Jacob and Martha (Jennings) Harrell, and of an Adair, who is said to have been killed as a soldier in the Revolution. George Brown came from Ten nessee about 1817, and located in Tuscaloosa County, but about 1845 he moved to Mississippi, where he and his wife died. The Harrell and Norris families emigrated from Kentucky, prob ably as early as 1817, and also settled in Tusca loosa County. John Brown and John Norris were Baptist preachers. It is thought that his several lines of ancestry are traceable to Vir ginia antecedents. Henry H. Brown received a common school education, clerked in his father's store in Northport until the outbreak of War of Secession, joined Alabama regiment under command of Col. Hatch, afterward com manded by Col. C. P. Ball, as commissary ser geant. He served throughout the war, and was captured near Montgomery, by Wilson's raiders. After the war, he became a merchant in North- port until 1875, then farmed for three years. In 1874, he was elected to the lower house of the State legislature from Tuscaloosa County, and was re-elected in 1876. In 1877, he was elected sheriff of that county. He was sent to the legislature in 1880, returned in 1882 and in 1884. He studied law, was admitted to the bar, and opened practice in Tuscaloosa. He served as solicitor of the county, 1880-1886, From 1883 until 1886, he was editor of the Tus caloosa "Times." He was grand master of the Grand Lodge, A. F. and A. M., 1888-1890. He took an active interest in educational affairs, and was a trustee of the State university, 1884- 1892. About 1886, he moved to Jefferson County, and engaged in business in Birmingham. He represented that county in the house, 1890- 1891. After removing to Birmingham, he edited and published "The Masonic Guide," the official organ of the Masons of Alabama. He was a Baptist and a member of the Alabama historical society. Married: (1) September 22, 1859, in Tuscaloosa County, Louisa T. Card- well; (2) March 11, 1873, in Northport, Jessie E., daughter of Josiah and America (Slaughter) Freeman. Children, by first marriage: 1. James T.; 2. Jesse W.; 3. John H; 4. Charles; 5. Minnie E.; 6. Mattie A.; 7. Annie, deceased; by second marriage: 8. Clare. Last residence: Bast Lake, Jefferson County. BROWN, ISAAC, member of the constitu tional convention of 1819, from Blount County. BROWN, JAMES CLINTON, lawyer and State senator, was born May 2, 1868, at Olmstead, Tuscaloosa County; son of Ran dall R. and Susanah (Emerson) Brown; grandson of John Allen and Patsy (Hobbs) Brown, and of James and Martha Capps Emer son. Randall R. Brown came from North Car olina to Tuscaloosa County, where he became a farmer. He was a Confederate soldier; and served one term as county commissioner. He died at seventy years of age and was buried at Hopewell, in Tuscaloosa County. James Emer son was an emigrant from Georgia to Tusca loosa County; served as a Confederate soldier and was twice wounded; and lived to be nearly one hundred years old, and is buried in Tusca loosa County. Senator Brown received his pri mary education in the public schools of the county, and graduated at the University of Alabama, A. B., 1890, as a LL. B., 1892. From 1895 to 1898 he was editor of the "West Ala bama Breeze"; was assessor. 1893 and 1894; and in 1898 was elected probate judge, serving until 1911. In 1911 he represented Tuscaloosa County in the legislature, and was elected to the State senate, 1915, from the Eleventh dis trict. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Mason; an Odd Fellow; an Elk; a Woodman of the World; an Eagle; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: at Tuscaloosa, May 9, 1900, to Mary Grace, daughter of Jesse M. and Sallie (Thomas) Maxwell, of Tuscaloosa. Her grand father, Mathew C. Thomas, was once tax col lector, and was for several years county com missioner of Tuscaloosa County. Children: 1. James Maxwell; 2. Marine Lawley. Residence: Tuscaloosa. BROWN, JAMES VANDIVER, teacher, grad uated, B. S., from the Alabama polytechnic insti tute, 1894; M. S., 1895; superintendent of Dothan schools in 1913. Residence: Dothan. BROWN, JEREMIAH H, planter, was born in 1800, in Darlington District, S. C, and died February 10, 1868; son of Samuel Brown, a Baptist minister, who emigrated from England with his wife. He was graduated from South Carolina college with highest honors, 1823; studied law, and was admitted to the bar. He never practiced law, however, as the manage ment of his planting interests occupied his en tire time. In 1835, he emigrated from South Carolina to Alabama, taking his slaves with him, and settled near Sumterville. His business increased until he owned more than a thousand slaves and a plantation of more than eight thou- 232 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY sand acres. He was a Baptist and devoted much of his time and wealth to the church,. For many years, he donated fifteen thousand dollars yearly to the missionary cause. He furnished the means to educate forty young men in How ard college for the ministry of his church, and in 1855, endowed the Brown theological chair in that college. During the war, he furnished the means to equip and provide for per haps more than a regiment of soldiers, and after the emancipation, so great was the affec tion of his slaves that many of them refused freedom to remain in his service. Married: in 1834, Julia, daughter of Robert Hines, of South Carolina. Children: 1. Laura, m. (1) 1853, Col. H. S. Lide, farmer and aide-de camp to Gov. Shorter during the war, d. 1879, (2) October 5, 1880, Dr. James G. Forster, of Livingston, three sons and two daughters by first marriage; 2. son; 3. son. Last residence: Livingston. BROWN, JESSE EDWARD, lawyer, was born May 1, 1845, at Caney Cove, Jackson County, and died August 15, 1905, at Scotts boro; son of Jeremiah and Mary Magadalien (Williams) Brown; grandson of Samuel and Margaret (Gwynn) Williams, who lived near Larkinsville, Jackson County. His father, a descendant of a family of North Carolinians which emigrated to Alabama and gave its name to Brownsboro, moved from that place and lo cated on a farm in Caney Cove, where he lived until his death, soon after the War of Seces sion. Mr. Brown entered the C. S. Army at the age of sixteen years, as a private in the First Arkansas infantry, where he had a brother who fell at the battle of Shiloh, and was buried from a Confederate hospital. Because of his youth and the fact that there were no others from his county in the regiment, he was discharged and at once enlisted in Co. C, Fourth Alabama cavalry, Capt. Frank B. Gurley's command. He was in battle near Farmington, was wounded and captured at the second battle of Fort Donelson, and was held a prisoner at Louisville and Baltimore for about two months. He fought at Murfreesboro, at Chickamauga and was wounded July 1864, in the battle of Noon day Creek, to the right of Kenesaw Mountain, Ga. Immediately afterward, his right leg was amputated above the knee in a field hospital. After the war, he entered Georgetown college, Kentucky, and later, Cumberland university, Tennessee, where he was graduated from the law department. He was admitted to the bar in August, 1869, at Huntsville, and engaged in active practice in the counties of north Ala bama, with an office at Scottsboro from 1871 until the time of his death. He represented Jackson County in the State legislature during the sessions of 1872 and 1873, and was elected a member of the constitutional convention of 1875. He was a Democrat, and was a delegate to the national convention which first nomi nated Bryan for president. He was an Episcopalian and an Odd Fellow. Mar ried: November 5, 1873, at Winchester, Tenn., Virginia Elizabeth, daughter of Dr. Ira Goff and Elvira Ann (Dillard) Wood, of that place. Children: 1. Zaida, m. Atticus Dickson Kirby, resides at Huntsville; 2. Law rence Edward (q. v.), resides at Montgomery; 3. Clifford, b. in 1878, d. 1880; 4. Jessie, m. Fred Arn, resides at Chattanooga, Tenn.; 5. Virginia, resides at Scottsboro. Last residence: Scotts boro. BROWN, JOEL BASCOM, lawyer and asso ciate justice supreme court, was born May 18, 1872, on a farm near Somerville, Morgan County; son of George R. and Sarah (Morris) Brown, the former a native of South Carolina, who in early life lived in Georgia; was a Con federate soldier, Army of Northern Virginia; and immediately after the war removed to Mor gan County, and engaged in farming; and the grandson of Drew H. Morris, of Cobb County, Ga. Judge Brown obtained his early educa tion at the Gum Spring school in Morgan County, and the Hartselle male and female school; later privately studied law four years in Cullman; was admitted to the bar there in March, 1892 ; admitted to practice in the supreme court and the U. S. courts in 1894; and until his election to the State court of appeals engaged in a general practice in the State and Federal courts. He was ,a member of the Cullman County board of education, 1910-1912; on Gov. B. B. Comer's military staff, 1907-1911, as as sistant judge-advocate general, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He was elected associate judge of the court of appeals, November 3, 1914, and November 1, 1919, was appointed an associate justice of the supreme court, to suc ceed Judge J. J. Mayfield, who had resigned to accept the position of code commissioner. He is a Democrat; was an alternate delegate from the State at large to the National democratic con vention in 1908; and member of the State ex ecutive committee, 1907-1910, from the 7th con gressional district. He is a Methodist and a Knight of Pythias. Married: in Cullman, No vember 24, 1898, to Minnie, daughter of Henry L. and Mary (Hays) Heidelberg. Residence: Birmingham. BROWN, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of Jefferson County; private, particular service not disclosed; en rolled on March 15, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from Septem ber 4, 1833; annual allowance, $80.66. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. BROWN, JOHN ALEXANDER, planter, was born October 20, 1863, near Buchanan, Haral son County, Ga.; son of Seaborn Solomon and Martha Finch (Atkinson) Brown, natives of Georgia; grandson of Killis and Nancy (McGar- rity) Brown, who lived and died in DeKalb County, six miles from Atlanta, and of Archi bald and Martha Atkinson, of Henry County, Ga. Mr. Brown attended the common schools and the college at Bowdon, Ga., but did not graduate. He is now engaged in merchandis ing, milling and farming; is a stockholder in the Bank of Heflin; and is the largest individ ual tax payer in Cleburne County, was elected a representative to the legislature 1903, and re elected in November, 1907. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; an Odd Fellow and a Mason. Mar ried: December 25, 1880, to Lillian, daughter EUGENE A. SMITH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 235 of Richard and Mollie Vance, of Graham. Resi dence: Bell's Mills. BROWN, JOHN C, major, 12th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army. BROWN, JOHN PINKNEY, author, was born January 19, 1842, at Rising Sun, Ohio County, Ind.; son of Elbridge Gerry and Adaline (Stile) Brown, the former of Rising Sun, Ind., a cap tain of several pioneer steamboats from 1825 to 1860, which were among the earliest steam boats plying the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, the latter a native of Vermont; grandson of Gen. Samuel and Jerusha (Bent) Brown, of Sudbury, Mass., the former a general in the Massachusetts militia during the Revolution. He was educated in the common schools of In diana, and at Hanover College, where he studied civil engineering. He enlisted as a private in the Sixteenth Indiana regiment, U. S. Army, during the War of Secession, and served from" 1861 until 1864, then was with the Mississippi River service on U. S. steamers. In 1865, he was connected as a civil engineer with the construction of the Central Pacific railway in California; made a survey of the state line between California and Nevada, 1866 ; made land surveys in Kansas, 1868-1876; and was given the contract for an astronomical survey of the Crow Indian boundary in Mon tana, 1890. He organized the Indian Forestry Association in 1895, and the International So ciety of Arboriculture, with Hon. J. Sterling as president, in 1900. He was later secretary and treasurer of the latter organization. He originated the system of tree planting by rail ways for future timber and tie supply. He was editor of the magazine, "Arboriculture," from 1902 to 1909; moved from Connersville, Ind., to Carney, Alabama, in 1908, and estab lished a model forest farm in Baldwin County, of two hundred acres on which he has planted two million forest trees and has caused the planting of one hundred million trees in other localities. He is author of "Practical Arbori culture," published in 1906; was a Republican until 1892, since which time he has been an Independent. He is a Presbyterian, a Royal Arch Mason, and a member of numerous foreign societies of forestry. Married : March 12, 1868, at Baldwin, Kan., Mary Ellen Stephens, daugh ter of Richard and Sophia Stephens, of Baldwin, Kan. Children: 1. Alfred T., m. Edith Remelin, resides at Cincinnati, O.; 2. Mary E., died while a missionary to Korea; 3. Glenville G., m. Ada Crossett, resides at Akron, O.; 4. Adaline S., m. Henry Hessler, resides at Piqua, O.; 5. Jes sie H., m. Dr. Frank Perry, resides at Nor wood, O.; 6. Emma Lou, m. Robert L. Green wood, resides at Connersville, Ind.; 7. Walter P., m. Edwoina Kruse, resides at Mobile; 8. Alice Elaine, resides at Carney; 9. Helen G., resides at Carney; 10. Cora E., m. George G. Stephenson, resides at Connersville, Ind. Resi dence: Carney. BROWN, JOHN (RED), emigrated to Ala bama from South Carolina about the year 1818, and was one of the earliest white settlers of Blount County. He was an uncle of Waldo W. vol. ni— is Shearer, for many years a citizen of Sumter County. Judge Brown represented Blount County in the legislature when Jefferson County was still a part of it. He was a member of both houses of the general assembly and judge of the county court about the year 1832. In 1834, he moved to Tuscaloosa, was steward of the university there until his removal to Texas two or three years later. Married: a Miss Brooks. BROWN, LAWRENCE EDWARD, lawyer, was born August 4, 1876, at Scottsboro; son of Jesse Edward and Virginia Elizabeth (Wood) Brown (q. v.) ; grandson of Jeremiah and Mary Magadalien (Williams) Brown, and of Dr. Ira Goff and Elvira Ann (Dillard) Wood.., He received his education from Tri-State Uni versity, at Scottsboro, and from the University of Virginia. He was admitted to the bar and began the practice of law at Scottsboro. He enlisted in the U. S. Army, 1898, as battalion adjutant of the First Alabama infantry, U. S. volunteers, and served through the Spanish- American war with the rank of first lieutenant. He moved to Montgomery and continued his practice there, and was appointed in 1919, as sistant attorney general of Alabama. He is a Democrat and an Episcopalian. Residence: Scottsboro. BROWN, PUGH ULPIAN, physician; gradu ate of the medical department of Tulane uni versity, New Orleans, 1895, and entered upon the practice that year. Residence: Troy. BROWN, ROBERT LELAND, chemist, was born April 26, 1879, at Beloit, Rock County, Wis.; son of Rev. Dr. William Fiske and Hila Mandana (Bennett) Brown, the former a resi dent of Beloit, who served in Co. B, 40th Wis consin volunteer infantry, one of the "Hun dred Days" men of 1864, author of "Past Made Present" and "History of Rock County, Wis."; grandson of Benjamin and Lucy Ann Brown, and of Almon and Calista L. Bennett, all of Beloit. He was educated in the public schools of his native town and at Beloit college aca demy, graduating in 1902 from the latter in stitution with degree of B. S., cum laude, and with E. M. degree from Colorado school of mines, 1905; coached the C. S. M. baseball team in 1904, which won the championship; has practiced his profession in New Mexico and Col orado; professor of mines and geology, Alabama polytechnic institute, Auburn, 1907-1917; and is now in the service of the Tennessee coal, iron & railway company. He is a Presbyterian. Married: at Beloit, June 15, 1906, Caroline Reed Dorothy, daughter of Rev. Dr. George Roswell and Henriette (Swan) Leavitt, of that place. Children: 1. Roswell Fiske; 2. Robert Bennett; 3. Dorothy Leavitt; 4. Louise Kendrick. Resi dence: Birmingham. BROWN, ROBISON, lawyer, was born Jan uary 18, 1871, at Olmstead, Tuscaloosa County, son of Randall Robison and Susana (Emerson) Brown, the former a native of Chapel Hill, Wake County, N. C, who moved near Cotton- dale, Tuscaloosa County, lived there until 1890 when he moved to Tuscaloosa, where he died, 236 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY July 31, 1899; grandson of John Allen and Patsy (Hobbs) Brown, who lived near Tusca loosa, and of James and Martha (Capps) Emerson who lived near Cottondale. Mr. Brown's father, being too old for a regular, enlisted on April 18, 1864 as a member of Co. G, Third Alabama reserves, C. S. Army, and was mustered into service August 1, 1864. Robi- son was educated in the country schools of Tus caloosa County, at Pleasant Hill academy, Jef ferson County; entered the sophomore class at the University of Alabama, and was graduated, A. B., 1890, and LL. B., 1892. He was licensed to practice law by the supreme court of Ala bama, July 26, 1892, and since then has been engaged in a general practice in Tuscaloosa. He has been attorney for the county and was also city attorney for several years. He was elected presidential elector for the sixth con gressional district, in 1908; has been secretary of the board of trustees of the University for more than ten years, and has been university land commissioner since June 1905. He is a Democrat, and has served as a delegate to county and state conventions, and is a Baptist. Married: January 10, 1893, at Tuscaloosa, Stella Seed, daughter of Charles C. and Mattie Cordette (White) Seed; a descendant of Wil liam White, and a sister of Lieut.-Gov. Walter D. Seed. Children: 1. Kathrina; 2. Orlando, d. in infancy; 3. Marian; 4. Charles Randall; 5. Stella; 6. Robison, jr.; 7. Jenidel; 8. Mattie Cordette. Residence: Tuscaloosa. BROWN, SAMUEL, physician, was born in Rockbridge County, Va., January 30, 1769, and died near Huntsville, January 12, 1830; son of Rev. John Brown, who emigrated from the north of Ireland to America, and settled in Virginia. He was a graduate of Dickinson college, Pennsylvania; studied medicine under Dr. Rush in Philadelphia; and received his M. D. degree from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. He practiced medicine in Washing ton City, Lexington, Ky., New Orleans, and Natchez, Miss., and was professor of the theory' and practice of medicine in the Transylvania university, Lexington, Ky., 1819-25. He in vented the use of steam in the distillation of spirits ; devised the method of clarifying gin seng for the Chinese market; was distinguished for his application of industrial chemistry to agricultural processes; introduced the process of lithotrity in surgery from France into the United States; established a medical society at Lexington; and advocated in 1799, the gradual emancipation of slaves in Kentucky. He was a successful physician at Huntsville for a num ber of years. He contributed many scientific articles to— various papers, philosophical so cieties and medical journals. Last residence: Huntsville. BROWN, T. B., lieutenant colonel, 1st Ala bama cavalry, C. S. Army. BROWN, THOMAS HENRY, editor, was born October 19, 1845, at Upatoie, Muscogee County, Ga., and died at Troy, December 8, 1912; son of Joseph Thomas and Virginia Henrietta (Pride) Brown, the former of Virginia and the latter of Columbus, Ga.; grandson of Joseph and Mary Brown, of Lumpkin, Ga., and of John and Sarah Pride, of Columbus, Ga. Both grand fathers were soldiers in. the Revolutionary War. He was educated in the schools of Upatoie, Ga., and Opelika; served in the 31st Georgia in fantry regiment, C. S. Army. He was a farmer; editor and proprietor of the "Troy Herald", justice of the peace and a school trustee for twenty-five years; and represented Pike County in the legislature of 1911. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: (1) in 1867, to Roana, daughter of Rev. Dr. Oliver and Olive Fleming, of Midway, who died in 1889; (2) to Susan Alline Turner. Children: 1. Walter; 2. Wallace; 3. Tom; 4. Carl; 5. Brady; 6. Wil- ber; 7. Mary L. Mathison; 8. Jessie May Brooks; 9. Ella Virginia Smith; 10. Ariosto Wiley. Last residence: Troy. BROWN, WARREN DAVIS, printer and pub lisher, was born March 23, 1833, at Spartan burg, S. C; son of Mordecai and Mary Ann (Cryme) Brown, of Jacksonville, Calhoun County. His educational advantages were lim ited and he picked up much of his knowledge in a printing office where he learned to be a compositor. He worked on different papers, books and periodicals, and served as local edi tor of the Montgomery "Advertiser," for sev eral years before and during the War of Se cession. In his capacity as press representa tive, he was a member of the committee of escort which went to West Point to welcome and accompany Jefferson Davis to Montgomery, where he was soon to be inaugurated president of the Southern Confederacy. After the con clusion of peace, Mr. Brown was connected with the Montgomery "Mail," as local editor for a short time, then entered the book and job print ing business, conducting a printing and pub lishing establishment for about twenty years. He retired in 1890. He served as marshal and librarian of the supreme court of Alabama from 1861 to 1865; was a member of the city coun cil of Montgomery for about six years; served as a member of the board of revenue of Mont gomery County for about twenty-one years, and during twelve years of this time, was president of the board. He has been president of the as sociated charities of Montgomery, and has acted as a director in banking institutions for many years. He is a Presbyterian and a Mason. Married December 12, 1861, Elizabeth Cren shaw, who died in May, 1901; daughter of Henry and Maria Crenshaw of Montgomery. Children: 1. Warren C, m. Mary Tanner; 2. Baylis Hervy, b. May 20, 1865, printer and pub lisher, m. September 1, 1891, Lida E. Ellsberry, resides at Montgomery; 3. Zadie, m. E. P. Amerine; 4. Effie, m. Charles W. Hawthorne. Residence: Montgomery. BROWN, WATT THOMAS, business man and legislator, was born August 28, 1865, at Ky- mulga, Talladega County; son of Oakley and Catherine (Lawrence) Brown, the former was born at Gandysville, Union District, S. C, removed to Talladega County where he lived and died, served in Co. D, 21st Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 237 Richard and Mina (Huckaby) Brown, of Vir ginia and of Green and Susan (Morris) Law rence. He was educated in the common schools; has been a merchant since 1886; was alderman of Attalla, 1891-92; formed Ragland coal company in 1896; was mayor of Ragland one term, and an alderman of that town for fourteen years; represented St. Clair County in the house of representatives, 1902-06; member of the State senate from the sixth senatorial district, 1911, 1915, and 1919. In 1911 he or ganized the Bank of Ragland, becoming presi dent, and has served continuously ever since. He is a Democrat; Methodist; and Knight of Pythias. Married: November 12, 1902, at Ash ville, to Mrs. Liza (Inzer) Freeman, daughter of Col. John W. and Sallie (Pope) Inzer (q. v.) of Ashville. Children: 1. Lila Kathryn; 2. Elizabeth Inzer; 3. Watt Thomas, jr.; 4. one step-son, Captain John Inzer Freeman, 39th U. S. infantry, 4th division, A. E. F. Resi dence: Ragland. BROWN, WILLIAM, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 88, resided in Dallas County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. BROWN, WILLIAM GARROTT, author, was born April 24, 1868, at Marion; son of Wilson Richard and Mary Cogswell (Parish) Brown; grandson of Joshua Yale Brown, whose wife's maiden name was Ferguson, of Mathews County, Va., and of Henry and Elizabeth (Huntington) Parish of Hillsboro, N. C. His father, a native of Mathews County, Va., lived in Louisburg, N. C, aud in Marion. He was a merchant, banker, and planter, who lost his fortune supporting the Confederacy. The an cestry of Mr. Brown, as far as has been traced, is all pure English. On his father's side, his forbears were planters in Virginia; on his mother's side, he is descended from Connecti cut and Virginia stock. The Huntingtons are from the famous Revolutionary family. Record of the paternal ancestry was lost in the destruc tion by fire of the registry of Brinton Parish during the War of Secession. Mr. Brown was prepared in the boys' de partment of Marion Female Seminary; at va rious dames schools; and in Maj. I. W. Vai- den's boys' school at Marlon. He was gradu ated with first honors from Howard College at Marion, A. B., 1886; and in 1887, when that college was moved to East Lake, was elected first member in the faculty of the new school, Marion Military Institute, which was then es tablished on the old foundation. He served as professor of English for two years, then en tered Harvard College, Cambridge, Mass., as a junior in 1889. He was graduated from Har vard with the highest honors in the history of the institution, A. B., 1891, and a year later was granted the degree of A. M. History and politics now began to absorb his time. As president of the Harvard Democratic Club, he stumped the state of Massachusetts for Cleve land in 1892. In 1896, he served on the state committee of "National Democrats," support ers of the Gold Democrat movement. Since that time, he has been independent in politics. He held various offices in the Harvard library from 1892 until 1900; was lecturer on Ameri can history at Harvard, 1901-1902; and since that time has been an author and journalist. He has been editorial writer on "Harper's Weekly" since 1908, and is also editorial writer for the "Youth's Companion." He is author of "A List of Portraits in the Various Buildings of Harvard University," Harvard University, 1898; "Official Guide to Harvard University," 1899-1903; "A History of Alabama," University Publishing Company, New York and New Orleans, 1900, State His tory Series; "Andrew Jackson," Houghton, Mifflin & Company, Boston, 1900; "Stephen Arnold Douglas," Houghton, Mifflin & Com pany, Boston, 1902; "The Lower South in American History," The Macmillan Company, New York, 1902; "Golf," 1902; "A Gentleman of the South," The Macmillan Company, New York, 1903; "The Foe of Compromise and Other Essays," The Macmillan Company, New York, 1903; "The Life of Oliver Ellsworth," The Macmillan Company, New York, 1905: and has been contributor to the "Atlantic Monthly;" "The Independent;" "American Historical Review;" "The Critic;" the "Fort nightly;" "The Dial;" "American Journal of Sociology;" "The Nation;" "Outlook;" "North American Review;" "Harvard Graduates Maga zine;" "The Montgomery Advertiser;" "The South Atlantic Quarterly;" "Century;" and "The Youth's Companion." Residence: Colo nial Club, Cambridge, Mass. BROWN, WILSON R., business man, was born September 5, 1860, in Marion; deceased; son of Wilson Richard and Mary Cogswell (Parish) Brown, natives of Mathews County, Va., and of Hillsboro, N. C, respectively; grandson of Joshua Yale Brown and of Henry and Elizabeth (Huntington) Parish. The Huntington family, settlers of Connecticut in colonial days, are of English descent. Mr. Brown is a brother of Charles Gayle Brown (q. v.), and of William Garrott Brown (q. v.). He received his education at Howard College, Marion, and became teller in a bank there when he was fifteen years old. The next year, he was employed in a wholesale dry goods store, at Selma, and spent his spare time in study. He went to Nashville, Tenn., in 1883, and became traveling salesman for a large wholesale establishment; returned to Marion three years later and edited the Marion "Standard" for one year; engaged in the real estate business at Sheffield in 1886, and be came president of the Real Estate Association of that city. Last residence: Sheffield. BROWNE, CECIL, lawyer, was born January 27, 1855, at Montevallo, Shelby County, de ceased; son of William Phineas and Margaret Elizabeth Warwick (Stevens) Browne (q. v.). He received his early education from private tutors and in the Ruhama high school, in Jef ferson County; and attended the University of the South at Sewanee, Tenn., 1870-1872. He read law in the office of Judge John T. Heflin, at Talladega, and was admitted to the bar, Feb ruary 13, 1878. He practiced his profession con- 238 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY tinuously until September, 1910, when he was appointed judge of the city court of Talladega, by Gov. O'Neal, to which position, he was elect ed in November, 1912. He represented Talla dega County in the State legislature, 1882-1883, serving as a member of the judiciary committee and as chairman of the committee on enrolled bills; was a member of the State senate from Talladega and Clay Counties during the ses sions of 1884-1885 and 1885-1886, serving as chairman of the committee on local legislation, 1884-1885, and was a member of the judiciary committee and of the committee on revision of laws, 1885-1886; was again elected to the lower house, 1896-1897, and served through that ses sion as chairman of the judiciary committee and led the fight in the house on the Barnes- Boykin bill, giving additional powers to the railroad commission; was a delegate to the con stitutional convention of 1901, where he served as a member of the rules committee and as chairman of the committee on taxation. He was a Democrat and a Baptist. Married: (1) at Talladega, to Sallie B. Moseley, who died May 14, 1877, daughter of Dr. R. A. and Maria (Stevens) Moseley, who lived at Talladega; (2) December 7, 1892, to Sara Booker, daughter of Capt. E. W. and Martha (Knight) Booker, who lived at Uniontown, the former who was reve nue collector of Alabama under President Cleve land, was one of the convict inspectors during the administration of Gov. Johnston, and was judge of the inferior court at Woodlawn, in Jefferson County, by appointment of Gov. O'Neal. Children, by first marriage: 1. Claude, served as sergeant major, Forty-seventh in fantry, U. S. volunteers, in the Philippines dur ing the Spanish-American War, m. Isabella Spearpoint of Newark, N. J., resides in Wor- den, Mont.; by second marriage: 2. Nina; 3. Rollin. Last residence: Talladega. BROWNE, NEWBERN HOBBS, lawyer, was born December 16, 1824, in Cumberland County, N. C, and died March 25, 1891, at Tuscaloosa; son of John Allen and Pattie Hobbs (Newbern) Browne, the former a native of North Carolina, who settled in Tuscaloosa County, in 1834; grandson of Henry and Lucy (Warnock) Browne of North Carolina, the former a na tive of Ireland, who located first in Virginia, and later removed to North Carolina. He re ceived a good preparatory education and was graduated from the University of Alabama, 1846; read law with Judge B. F. Porter and in 1848 entered upon the practice at Tuscaloosa. In 1874 he was elected judge of probate of that county and served continuously from that date until his death. He was a trustee of the Alabama insane hospital and for the Alabama central female college. During 1851-53 he edit ed the "Tuscaloosa Observer," a strong Demo cratic paper. From 1853 to 1859 he occupied a seat in the lower house of the legislature, and in the latter year was elected circuit solicitor, which office he resigned to enter the Confed erate Army. Again, however, in 1873, he was once more elected to the legislature. Early in 1862 he enlisted as a private in Lumsdale's bat tery, C. S. Army, and served with that com mand for two years, after which he temporarily resigned, owing to ill health. In 1864 he again joined his battery and remained with it until the close of the war. He was a Baptist, and Knight of Honor. Married: January 21, 1874, in Tuscaloosa, to Mary Eliza, daughter of Wil liam Wellington and Lucretia Eliza (Owen) Prude. Children: 1. Jessie; 2. Mary Emma; 3. Lula Hobbs; 4. Pattie Owen; 5. Stella Searcy; 6. Newbern Allen. All of the foregoing live in Tuscaloosa, except the last named who resides at Joliet, 111. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. BROWNE, SAMUEL BARNETT, lawyer and circuit judge, was born September 18, 1844, at Mount Vernon, Mobile County, son of Phreau- dius P. and Cornelia (Ewing) Browne; the former first located in Tuscaloosa in 1830, re moved to New Orleans, finally located in Mobile in 1840, where he engaged in the mercantile business; and about 1850 went to Texas, where he died of yellow fever in 1853; grandson of George and Marie (Rucker) Browne, and of Thomas and Susanna (Barnett) Ewing, who resided near Augusta, Ga. The Brownes are of English stock, the father of George Browne emigrating from England and settling in Ken tucky, where he married, his wife being the daughter of a Frenchman, who participated in the French Revolution, and who was compelled to escape to America. Judge Browne was edu cated in the common schools of the county, and at the classical schools of Forkland and Pleasant Ridge. He* was a private in the "Greene County Greys," Co. B, 11th Alabama infantry regiment, Army of Northern Virginia; was in the several battles and engagements of his command until June 30th, 1862, when he lost his right leg in the battle of Frazier's Farm, while charging a battery. Although dis abled, he afterwards served in the Tennessee campaign with Gen. John B. Hood. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1867; located in Eutaw, Greene County, and served as tax assessor 1865-68; in 1870, removed to Butler, Choctaw County, and the same year removed to Mobile. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; and a member of the Knights of Honor. In November, 1904, he was elected Judge of the 13th judicial circuit, and re elected on November 8th, 1910. Married: Jan uary 4, 1883, to Annie Zulieka, daughter of George L. and Pernicia Elizabeth (Malone) Boice; granddaughter of Abram and Lois (Knickerbocker) Boice of New York, and of William and Patience (Hawkins) Malone, the former descended from early settlers of Ala bama and the latter of a Georgia family. Chil dren: 1. Samuel Oliphant, m. Lillie Katz and resides in Mobile; 2. Minnie Boice, d. in Sep tember, 1895; 3. Ewing; 4. Gregory Smith; 5. Ethel; 6. Annie Boice; 7. Hubert Wattles. Residence: Mobile. BROWNE, WILLIAM BRADFORD, lawyer, was born in 1853, in Philadelphia, Pa.; son of William Phineas Browne (q. v.) ; and brother of Cecil Browne (q. v.). He removed to Ala bama in his early youth with his parents; was educated at Spring Hill college, Mobile, and at the University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn. He began the study of law at Montevallo, 1871, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 239 with Paul H. Lewis; was admitted to the bar in 1873, at Columbiana, and was a most suc cessful lawyer of that place until his death. Married: in 1885, at Columbiana, to Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel B. Roper, of that place. Children: 1. Chester; 2. Margaret Stevens, m. Harold Earl Broughton; 3. Myra, m. Frederick Joseph Keonig; 4. Bradford, d. young; 5. Emma; 6. Elizabeth. Last residence: Colum biana. BROWNE, WILLIAM PHINEAS, pioneer coal operator, member Alabama legislature, was born July 9, 1804, at Waltham, Mass., and died in Shelby County, in 1869; son of Phineas and Elizabeth (Rosseter) Browne, nee Backus, the former a native of Waltham, Mass., who died in 1818 in Waltham, Addison County, Vt; grandson of Capt. John and Hannah (Bemis) Flagg Browne, the former a selectman or Waltham, Mass., and chosen May 16, 1748, as representative to the general legislature, and of Sylvanus and Elizabeth (Gamble) Backus, of Windham, Conn.; great-grandson of Capt. Abraham and Mary Browne, the former an as sessor and selectman of Watertown, Conn., and of John and Sybil (Whiting) Backus, the for mer of Windham, Conn.; great-great-grandson of Jonathan and Mary (Shattuck) Browne, the former at one time constable of Watertown, Conn., and of John and Mary (Brigham) Backus, of Windham, Conn.; great-great-great- grandson of Abraham and Lidia Browne, pil grim settlers in Watertown, Conn., 1631 and or William Backus, one of the first settlers, about 1636, of Norwich, Conn. Mr. Browne was edu cated in Vermont and practiced law in that state. He came south to construct a canal at New Orelans; removed to Mobile and repre sented that county in the legislature of 1845. In 1848 he moved to Shelby County, and for a time lived in a log house at the Montevallo mines. He contracted with the Confederate government to furnish coal to the Selma works. During the latter part of the War of Secession he sold the mines but continued to operate them under lease until his death. Married: August 9, 1846, in Shelby County, to Margaret Elizabeth Warwick, daughter of Judge Henry Wilburne Stevens (q. v.). Children: 1. Claudia Grace, died young; 2. Margaret Stevens, m. Paul Hamilton Lewis; son of Dr. Paul Hamil ton Lewis, one child, Claudia, m. William Joseph Orum; 3. William Bradford (q. v.); 4 Cecil (q. v.); 5. Nina (q. v.), m. John Mac- Murphy de Cottes; 6. Arthur, died young; 7. Elizabeth Backus, died in infancy. Last resi dence: Shelby County. BROWNELL, GEORGE GRIFFIN, educator, was born July 2, 1869, in Fairfield, N. Y.; son of Prof. Walter Abner and Helen M. (Davis) Brownell. He received his early education in the schools of Syracuse, N. Y.; visited the British Isles, France, Switzerland and Italy during the summer of 1887; and entered Syra cuse University the next year. During his junior year at the university, he went to the west coast of Africa as mineralogist of a sci entific expedition; spent the winter of 1891- 1892 in the Canary Islands, and the spring in North Africa, Spain, South France and Italy. returning through Australia and Germany. He was graduated from the classical course at Syracuse University, A. B., 1893; and the next year pursued his studies at The Sor- bonne, Paris, and in Florence, Italy. During the next four years, Prof. Brownell studied in the department of romance languages of Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md., working during the summer of 1895 in the libraries of Madrid, Spain, and received the degree of A. M., from Syracuse University in 1896. During his course at Johns Hopkins University, he made a specialty of Spanish literature and philology, chosing for thesis, the study of the Aragonese dialect in the four teenth century. He was granted the degree of Ph. D. from Johns Hopkins University, 1904. Since 1898, he has been professor of ro mance languages at the University of Ala bama; and has served as expert in hardy cit rous fruit culture, in the United States depart ment of agriculture since 1911. He is a mem ber of the Modern Language Association; of Psi Upsilon college fraternity; of Phi Beta Kappa, honorary fraternity; and correspond ing member of the Hispanic Society of America. He is editor of El Capitan Veneno, a Spanish text for college use, 1901; El Pajaro Verde, 1901; and is author of "Position of the Attributive Adjectives in Don Quixote," 1910. He has also contributed to many magazines. Married: June 8, 1893, Jennie A. Jones, of Syracuse, N. Y. Residence: Tuscaloosa. BRUCE, BAILEY, member of the constitu tional convention, 1865, from Jackson County. BRUCE, JOHN, federal district judge, was born February 16, 1832, in Sterlingshire, Scot land, and died October 1, 1901; son of James and Margaret (Liddell) Bruce, who emigrated from Scotland in 1840, and settled at Wooster, Wayne County, O. He was prepared in the public schools of Wooster, O., and entered Franklin College, from which institution he was graduated, A. B., 1854. From college he went to Keokuk, la., read law with Rankin & Miller, the latter now a justice of the U. S. supreme court, and in 1856, was admitted to the bar at Burlington. He practiced law at Keokuk, forming a partnership with George W. McCrary, under the firm name of McCrary & Bruce. Mr. McCrary became secretary of war in Hayes' cabinet, and later, U. S. cir cuit judge. After the outbreak of war, Judge Bruce entered the U. S. Army as captain of Co. A, Nineteenth Iowa volunteer infantry, 1862; was soon promoted to major; to lieu tenant-colonel in 1863; and colonel, 1864. At the close fo the war, "in consideration of dis tinguished valor and meritorious services," Judge Bruce was promoted to the rank of brevet brigadier general. During hostilities he had participated in the battles of Prairie Grove, Ark., the siege of Vicksburg, Yazoo City, Port Hudson, New Orleans, and Banks' expedition to Texas. From Brownsville, Tex., his command returned to New Orleans in 1864, and as landsmen, took part in the attack on Fort Morgan. He was afterward engaged in the battles around Mobile and at the surrender of Spanish Fort. On being mustered out of 240 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY the service, Judge Bruce returned to Keokuk, la., coming south the following fall in order to enter into the production of cotton. He lo cated at Prairie Bluff, Wilcox County; repre sented that county in the State legislature, 1872; and was re-elected, 1874. In 1875, he was appointed by President Grant and con firmed by the senate, judge of the U. S. district courts for the district of Alabama. Later his office was changed to judge of the northern and middle district of Alabama, on appoint ment of Judge Harry Toulman of Mobile, by President Cleveland. Judge Bruce was a Re publican and a Presbyterian. Married: April 7, 1870, at Keokuk, la., Anna Johnson Hamill, daughter of Smith and Nancy (McCandless) Hamill of that city. Children: 1. William Hamill, clerk in the United States court at Montgomery, 1900, resides at Montgomery; 2. Margaret, m. R. B. Lowrie, resides at Moline, 111.; 3. Martha A., resides at Montgomery; two other children died in infancy. Last resi dence: Prairie Bluff, Wilcox County. BRUMBY, ARNOLDUS V., graduated from the University of Alabama with the degree of A. M., and was tutor in mathematics at that in stitution, 1837-40. Residence: Tuscaloosa. BRUMBY, RICHARD TRAPIER, scientist, was born August 4, 1804, in Sumter District, S. C, and died October 6, 1875, in Athens, Ga.; son of Thomas and Susannah (Greening) Brumby, the former a native of Georgetown, S. C; grandson of Thomas Brumby who emi grated from Manchester, England, about 1740 and settled at Georgetown, S. C, and of John Greening, a soldier in the Revolutionary War; great grandson of Mason and Margaret (Hainsworth) Greening, the former of Vir ginia; great-great-grandson of Richard and Elizabeth Hainsworth, natives of Switzerland. Prof. Brumby was prepared in a little school in Sumter District, S. C, and in the Classical School, Statesville, N. C, taught by Rev. John Marshall. In November, 1821, Rev. Marshall moved to Lincolnton, N. C, and Prof. Brumby accompanied him. The fall of the next year, he entered the junior class of South Carolina College, teaching school during his vacations in order to be able to finish his course. He was graduated with first honor, A. B., 1824. The year following his graduation, he taught in the family of the late Richard Singleton, and at the same time studied law under Gov. Mil ler and Hon. William C. Preston. In Decem ber, 1825, he was licensed to practice law and was immediately taken into partnership with Mr. Preston in the courts of Sumter District. Soon after, his health began to fail, and he was compelled to go west to recuperate. Upon his return to South Carolina, he moved to Lincolnton and practiced for two years; moved to Montgomery in 1831; and then to Tuscaloosa, where he was editor of the "Ex positor," a nullification paper. On August 12, 1834, Prof. Brumby was elected to the chair of chemistry, mineralogy, and geology in the University of Alabama. During his instruction in those branches, he furthered his own knowledge of science by constant study and experimentation in the laboratory. He remained with the University of Alabama for fifteen years, and in addition to his instruction in chemistry, geology and mineralogy introduced physiology, conchology and agricultural chemistry into the univer sity, and taught those studies in addition to the other sciences for many years. He re signed from the University of Alabama, Jan uary 1849, to accept a similar position in the South Carolina College. He carried on his work there until July 1855, when he had a severe attack of illness which lasted over many months. Although unable to perform his du ties at the college, the board of trustees was reluctant to part with him, and his connec tion with the college was continued in the hope that his health would be restored. His resignation was accepted December 4, 1856, and he moved to Marietta, Ga., where he lived in retirement for many years. At the time of his breakdown, he had collected ample ma terials for certain scientific works and had be gun the composition of them. In the course of his twenty years' devotion to science, Prof. Brumby had collected and arranged a cabinet of thirty thousand species of minerals, rocks, fossils, recent shells, etc. The collection con tained three cabinets, with each specie in each numbered, labelled, and entered in catalogues. It is said to be the most complete and valu able collection of its kind in the South, and is now to be found at Davidson College, North Carolina. Prof. Brumby was a Democrat and a very hot secessionist. At the beginning of the war in 1861, he sold everything he possessed except his home in Marietta, Ga., and put the money in Confederate bonds, holding that the cause could not succeed unless the people showed their confidence in it. He was too feeble to serve in the army, but sent all of his five sons, the youngest but fifteen years old. He was author of an address on "The Sphere, Interest and Importance of Geology," delivered Decem ber 8, 1849, ' before the house of representa tives; of "Gradualness, a Characteristic of All of God's Operations," Southern Presbyterian Review, October, 1874; and of other articles. He was a Presbyterian. Prof. Brumby and his wife were buried in the same grave, their deaths having occurred but one day apart. The University of Georgia was closed during the funeral in respect to the memory of the scientist. Married: April 22, 1828, at "The Forge," Lincoln County, N. C, Mary Isabelle Brevard, who was born May 27, 1806, and died October 5, 1875, daughter of Capt. Alexander and Re becca (Davidson) Brevard, the former who fought under Washington in the Revolution; granddaughter of John and' Jean (McWhor- ter) Brevard, who had eight sons fighting for the cause of American independence, and of Maj. John and Violet Winslow (Wilson) Da vidson; great-granddaughter of Robert and Isa bella (Ramsey) Davidson, natives of Dundee, Scotland and Pennsylvahia, respectively. The father of John Brevard was a French Hugue not who fled to Ireland upon the revocation of the edict of Nantes. He formed an ac- COLONEL ARISOTO A. WILEY DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 243 quaintance with a Scotch-Irish family of Mc- Knitts, and in company with them, sailed for America. He married a daughter of this fam ily, and settled on the banks of the Elk River in Maryland. Four of the children of that family, including John, two of his brothers and a sister, emigrated to North Carolina be tween 1840 and 1850. Children: 1. Rebecca Harriette, b. February 28, 1829, d. July 15, 1902, m. December 29, 1859, William John Russell; 2. Susannah Greening, b. July 30, 1830, d. February 12, 1904, m. November 4, 1852, Dr. James McFadden Gaston; 3. Alexan der Brevard, b. December 27, 1831, d. October 25, 1879, m. April 26, 1866, Ellen Douglas Rob erts; 4. Mary Caroline, b. July 21, 1833, d. in infancy; 5. Joseph McLean b. August 24, 1835, d. in infancy; 6. Richard Trapier, b. October 10, 1837, d. in infancy; 7. Mary Eloise, b. March 8, 1839, d. April 19, 1905, m. August 27, 1861, S. Darwin McConnell; 8. Sarah El vira, b. May 21, 1840, d. August 31, 1902, m. April 16, 1861, John Heyward Glover; 9. Caro line Brevard, b. August 17, 1841, d. in in fancy; 10. Ann Eliza, b. November 29, 1843, m. June 21, 1865, James Bolan Glover, resides in Marietta, Ga.; 11. Ephraim Robert, b. August 23, 1845, m. Mamie McPhearson, May 31, 1870, resides at Chattanooga, Tenn.; 12. Richard Trapier, b. January 12, 1847, d. March 5, 1884. Last residence: Athens, Ga. BRUNDIDGE, JAMES MoGINNIS, prominent Mason, was born November 27, 1812, and died March 13, 1901, at Trinity, Morgan County. He had been a Mason for sixty-three years, and for more than fifty years of that time, his life's work was Masonry. He was initiated April 16, 1838, in Athens Lodge, No. 16, Ath ens; passed January 14, 1840, in Helion Lodge, No. 1, Huntsville; raised January 18, 1840, in the latter lodge; dimitted from Helion, 1844; affiliated with Athens lodge, No. 16, April 1844; was master of that lodge, 1845; dimitted from Athens lodge, 1847; affiliated with Rising Sun lodge, No. 29, Decatur, November 1857. He first attended the grand lodge in 1845; was elected grand lecturer of the grand lodge, 1848, and annually thereafter until 1854; was elected junior grand warden, 1862, 1863, and refused further advancement; was appointed on the committee on work in 1867, and was its chair man, 1869-1888. In 1889 the office of state grand lecturer was created, to which he was appointed that year and annually thereafter, holding that position at the time of his death. For fifty years he was the final arbiter upon all disputed points in Masonic ritual. He at tended more communications of the grand lodge, visited more lodges, and instructed a larger number of Masons than any Mason before or contemporaneous with him. Last residence: Trinity, Morgan County. BRUTON, BENJAMIN, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 73, and a resident of Tuscaloosa County; private and sergeant N. C. Militia; enrolled on April 23, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $53.33; sums received to date of publication of list, $133.32. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in Vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833- 34. BRYAN, CHARLES JOSEPH, merchant and planter, brigadier-general, A. N. G., was born June 5, 1836, in Troup County, Ga., and died August 21, 1903, at Montgomery; son of Thomas Jefferson and Elizabeth Moore (Mar tin) Bryan, of Tuskegee. Gen. Bryan was brought by his parents to Tuskegee, where he was educated and whence he entered the Uni versity of Alabama, 1852, but at the end of his sophomore year he left school and engaged in planting. At the outbreak of hostilities he was a lieutenant in the Tuskegee light infan try and went with that organization to Pensa cola, Fla., thence to Norfolk, Va., where he was promoted captain, Co. C, Tuskegee light in fantry, 3rd Alabama regiment, C. S. Army. Having been severely wounded at Malvern Hill, he was unable to again see active service. He served Macon County in the house of repre sentatives 1859-1864, and was appointed a brigadier general of militia by Gov. E. A. O'Neal, which office he held, 1886-1894. From 1866 to 1887 he was engaged in the commission merchandise business in Montgomery. Unmar ried. Last residence: Montgomery. BRYAN, DAVID F., major 26th, O'Neal's, Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. BRYAN, JAMES ALEXANDER, Presbyte rian minister, was born March 20, 1863, near Kingstree, Williamsburg County, S. C; son of John Robert and Mary M. (Savage) Bryan, the former a native of Green County, N. C, who lived near Kingstree, S. C, and fought in the C. S. Army during the War of Secession; grandson of Robin Bryan who married a Miss Speight, and lived near Goldsboro, and of Caleb Savage, who lived in Nansemond County, Va. His ancestors came from Ireland. He received his early schooling in Williams burg County, S. O, was taught by his mother, and sent to Old Lovejoy Academy, Raleigh, N. O, for preparation to enter the University of North Carolina. He was graduated from the latter institution, 1885; received two schol arships to Princeton, and was graduated from the course in theology there, B. D., 1889. He became pastor of the Third Presbyterian Church at Birmingham in 1889, and held that charge for twenty-four years, to date (1913). He has been sent to the general assembly of the Presbyterian church, by the Presbytery of North Alabama, two different times, and has been moderator of the Presbytery of North Alabama. He devotes his spare time to preach ing outside of his church, and holds meet ings in Birmingham among the firemen, po licemen, factory people, railroaders, and stu dents. He has done evangelistic work in Ala bama, Georgia, South Carolina, North Caro lina, West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisiana, Texas, and Mississippi. He is a Prohibitionist. Married: in Marion, Perry County, Leonora Clayton Howze, daughter of John and Claudia (Clayton) Howze, of Marion; granddaughter of Augustine S. Clayton, judge of the superior court at Athens, Ga. Children: 1. Mary Clayton, b. 1893; 2. John Edwards, 244 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY b. 1895; 3. James Howze, b. 1898; 4. Thomas Claudius, b. 1900; 5. Augustine Clayton Howze, b. 1901; 6. Harry Haywood, b. 1904. Resi dence: Birmingham. BRYAN, LEANDER J., JR., public official, was born in 1843, in Autauga County; son of Leander J. Bryan, a farmer of Autauga County, who later moved to Wetumpka. He attended the common schools of the county until he was sixteen years of age, then entered the Coosa River institute. Upon the beginning of War of Secession in 1861, he withdrew from the institute and enlisted as a private in the Wetumpka Light Guards, Third Alabama regi ment volunteer infantry, C. S. Army, under command of Col. Tennent Lomax. This was the first Alabama regiment sent to join the C. S. Army in Virginia, and Capt. Bryan served with it throughout the entire war. He was furloughed home but once during that time, in 1865, by special order of Gen. Lee, for gal lant conduct on the field of battle, for meritori ous service as a soldier, and on account of wounds. He returned in time to take part in the final struggle at Petersburg and escaped at the surrender of Appomattox. He made his way back to Alabama, and engaged in the hotel business until 1867 when he became book keeper under U. S. Marshal John Hardy. He subsequently served as deputy under U. S. Marshal Gen. John W. Henley, until the win ter of 1868, when he moved to Lowndes County. He served there as clerk of the circuit court, then as sheriff and general administrator of the county, being engaged twelve years in the public service. Capt. Bryan was one of the first Confederate soldiers to affiliate after the war with the Republican party, and in 1868 and 1872, he stumped his congressional dis trict for Grant for president. In 1869 he was appointed chief deputy to U. S. Marshal George Turner, later U. S. Senator from Washington; was blocked from assuming the duties of United States marshal under Harrison's ad ministration; and accepted the place of chief deputy in the office of Dr. R. A. Moseley, col lector of revenue for Alabama. He was elected a delegate to three national Republican con ventions, and was president of the Republican state convention in 1898. He was appointed marshal of the middle district of Alabama by President McKinley in his first administra tion, and was reappointed to the office by President Roosevelt in December 1901. Resi dence : Montgomery. BRYANT, ELIZABETH, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 71, resided in Jackson County, June 1, 1840, with H. M. Bryant. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. BRYANT, JOHN, soldier of the Ameri- can Revolution, aged 85, resided In Jackson County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. BRYCE, PETER, first superintendent, Ala bama insane hospital, was born March 5, 1834, at Columbia, Richland County, S. C, and died August 14, 1892, at Tuscaloosa; son of Peter and Martha (Smith) Bryce, the former a na tive of Glasgow, Scotland, who later lived in Columbia, S. C, where he accumulated a com fortable property; grandson of William and Mary (Campbell) Bryce, of Glasgow, and of William and Mary Smith of Charleston, S. C. Peter Bryce, jr., received a sound preparatory education in his native city and, at the age of seventeen, entered the South Carolina military institute (The Citadel) from which he gradu ated with distinguished honors four years later. In 1857, he became a student in the Univer sity of New York, from which he received the degree of M. D. in 1859. Soon thereafter he went to Europe and spent some time in the hospitals of Paris. He specialized in nervous diseases and in order to gain a wider knowl edge of his subject, accepted official connec tion with first the South Carolina and the New Jersey hospitals for the insane. On the or ganization of the Alabama hospital for the in sane in 1860, when but twenty-six years of age, he was elected superintendent, and was perhaps the youngest man ever called to take a like place of responsibility in America. The attention of the trustees of the newly estab lished institution was directed to him by Dorothy Dix. His early recognition of the principal of non-restraint in the treatment of insanity placed him among the leading alien ists of his time and brought the institution over which he presided into the first rank for humanity and success in effecting cures. Other distinctive features were the absence of all mechanical restraint and the employment of a large per cent of its patients in useful and con genial occupations. He held many positions of honor and trust, which attested the high es teem in which he was held as a man, scholar, physician and scientist. He was at the time of his death, president of the American medico- psychological association, which was a recog nition of his national fame, and first vice- president of the Medico-legal society of New York, an organization whose membership em braced some of the foremost scholars and alien ists in America and Europe. A short while prior to his death he was appointed chairman of the board of convict inspectors, by Gov. Thomas G. Jones. He was at one time, presi dent of the Alabama historical association, president of the Alabama medical association, and at the time of his death, president of the commission of lunacy, established by the Ala bama legislature, in reference to the custody and trial of the criminal insane. The last dis tinction conferred upon him was the presi dency of the National association of hospital superintendents. Some time during the eigh ties, the English government sent an Aus tralian physician to examine the hospitals in the United States, and it was gratifying in the highest degree to the superintendent and the trustees of the Alabama hospital for the insane that, the report stated from the scientific, Chris tian and humane treatment of the patients that institution stood ahead of them all. The title of LL. D. was conferred upon him by the Uni versity of Alabama. He was an Episcopalian. Author: Despite his arduous duties, he found time to keep abreast of the march of scientific research, and from time to time gave to the public, papers that challenged the attention DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 245 of the foremost thinkers of the day. Some years ago, he read a paper on "The nature and origin of the mind," before the Alabama medical as sociation, which was afterwards published in the Popular Science monthly, and attracted the most favorable notice from the press and the public. In July, 1888, he read a paper on "Moral and criminal responsibility," before the National conference of charities and correc tions at its annual meeting in Buffalo, N. Y. This paper also was widely read and favorably commented upon on both sides of the Atlantic. In the last year of his life, an interesting paper on "The non-restraint system," was read by him before the Medico-legal society of New York. This paper formed the basis of a dis cussion participated in by leading alienists and superintendents of hospitals for the insane in both England and America, and this learned symposium was published in successive issues of the Medico-legal journal, extending from December, 1891, to June, 1892, as well as in the British journals of that period. Dr. Bryce was summoned as an expert to testify in the cele brated trial of Guiteau for the assassination of President Garfield, but was prevented by cir cumstances from responding to the summons. His last public address was made before the Alabama medical association at Montgomery on the subject of "General paresis." Failing health required that he should remain seated during his discourse, which was made ex tem pore, in a conversational style with an exu berance of learning that impressed all who heard him, so that while they listened they seemed to fear nothing so much as that he would cease to speak. He was subjected to numerous categorical questions by his medical brethren, and drew a word picture of his sub ject so luminous with learning as to delight his audience by an inspiration of knowledge. After his death a leading paper of the State truthfully said: "The man Peter Bryce pos sessed the fullest measure of love and confi dence. The people of Alabama without excep tion- repose absolute confidence in his integ rity and wisdom, and the bright shield of his honor was never shadowed by a doubt, and none is left like him. One and all we mourn with the widow that sits by his bier." Col. Rob ert McKee writing in the "Piedmont Enquirer," said among other eloquent passages in his ap preciation of the dead scientist: "For more than thirty years he pursued his work with constant and increasing ardor and zeal. His warm heart went hand and hand with his in tellect. He was in profound and generous sympathy with all the afflicted ones under his care and treatment. He had a passionate long ing to improve, to cure his patients. He was their friend as well as their physician. He sought and gained their confidence and affec tion. His presence calmed and soothed and comforted the worst of them in their greatest suffering. He went among them and their eyes brightened and their faces lighted up and the clouds for the moment seemed lifted from their darkened minds. There was healing in his pleasant smile, his cordial greeting, his cheer ful voice. In every neighborhood in all the length and breadth of this State there are those who can bear witness to his unfailing kindness, his tender consideration, his wonder ful skill, and everywhere loving thoughts of him are treasured up in the grateful hearts of those whose kindred or friends were at some time or other in his charge in the greatest af fliction that can come to men. * * * Such a man as he is raised up only once in a generation. If it is only noble to be good and to do good, he was the noblest of all Alabamians." Mar ried: November 28, 1860, in Columbia, S. C, to Ellen, daughter ot Thomas Boston and Sarah Caroline (Heriot) Clarkson, of that city. Mrs. Bryce is a lineal descendant of Thomas Boston of Scotland on her paternal line and of George Heriot, who founded the celebrated Heriot hos pital, on the maternal side. John Ouldfleld, her Colonial ancestor, was appointed to fix the boundary lines for the Welsh colony in 1735. Robert Heriot, her Revolutionary ancestor, was in the battle of Fort Moultrie, June 28, 1776. She is a member of the Huguenot society of South Carolina, her ancestors through that branch being Harry La Roche, Simons and Dupre. She is active in church work and all civic movements and a distinguished member of all the hereditary patriotic organizations of women in the South. Last residence: Tus caloosa. BRYSON, JOHN H, Presbyterian minister, was born April 3, 1831, in Lincoln County, Tenn., died January 1, 1897, and is buried in Huntsville. His father was a minister of the Associate Reformed church and his mother a sister of Rev. J. P. and R. B. McMullen, two distinguished ministers Of the Southern Pres byterian church. He graduated from Erskine college, S. C, and completed his theological studies at Newburg, N. Y. He entered the services of the C. S. Army as chaplain, serving throughout the war. His first charge was in Shelbyville, Tenn., and after a short while he became a student at the University of Vir ginia, supplying the Charlottsville church at the same time. He spent five years in Co lumbia, S. C, and after some time spent in travel in Europe, Egypt and Palestine, accepted a call to Huntsville, Ala., where he remained for sixteen years. Last residence: Huntsville. BUCHNER, EDWARD FRANKLIN, educa tor, was born September 3, 1868, at Paxton, Ford County, 111.; son of Christian Jacob and Louisa (Lohmann) Buchner, the former a na tive of Zazenhausen, Wurtemberg, Germany, who emigrated to the United States in 1856, living in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and finally Illinois, where he resided until 1910, for many years a member of the town council of Gibson City, the latter a native of Reher, Hanover, Germany; grandson of Johannes and Wilhel- mina (Schonweilter) Buchner. The Buchner family is of Swiss origin, and was carried into Germany by Freiherr von Buchner who emi grated to Aldinger, Wurtemberg, from Swit zerland in 1433. Prof. Buchner was prepared in the public schools of Gibson City, 111.; was graduated from Western college, now Leander Clark college, Toledo, la., A. B., 1889, and A. M., 1892; took post-graduate work in philoso- 246 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY phy and psychology at Yale university, 1890- 1893, and was graduated Ph. D., 1893. He was instructor in Western college, 1889-1890; lec turer, 1892-1894, and instructor in philosophy and pedagogy, 1894-1897, at Yale university; professor of analytical psychology at New York university, 1896-1901; docent in philoso phy at Clark university, 1901-1903; professor of philosophy, 1903-1908, and dean of the sum mer school, 1904-1908, at the University of Alabama; professor of education and philoso phy since 1908, and director of the summer session, 1911, at Johns Hopkins university. He was lecturer on psychology at the Brook lyn institute of arts and sciences, 1898-1900; and lecturer on education at Goucher col lege, 1911-1912. He has been cooperating edi tor of the "Psychological Bulletin" since 1904; collaborating editor of the "Journal of Edu cational Psychology;" advisory editor of the "Atlantic Educational Journal;" departmental editor of the "Cyclopedia of Education," five volumes, Macmillan Company, New York; author of "A Study of Kant's Psychology, with Reference to the Critical Philosophy," Mac millan Company, New York, 1896; translator and editor of "The Educational Theory of Immanuel Kent," Lippincott & Company, Philadelphia and London, 1904; contributor to Warner's Library of the World's Best Litera ture, 1897. Prof. Buchner is a member of the committee of seventeen of the National Educa tional Association; director of the Southern Educational Association; member of the South ern Education Council; president of the Edu cational Society of Baltimore since 1904; mem ber of the American Psychological Association; of the American Philosophical Association; of the National Society for the Scientific Study of Education; of the American Society of Nat uralists; member of the executive committee of the Society of College Teachers of Educa tion; fellow of the New York Academy of Sci ences; member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science; secretary, 1904-1909, and president, 1910, of the South ern Society for Philosophy and Psychology. He is an Episcopalian, and a Mason. Married: June 1, 1898, at Bridgeport, Conn., Hannah Louise, daughter of Rufus Davenport and Elizabeth Sanford (Morgan) Cable, of West- port, Conn., a descendant of William Mor gan, born 1571, of Llanvabon, Wales, who bore the arms of Cilfynydd; and of Thomas San ford, born between 1600 and 1610, son of Rauff Sanford of Stowe, County of Gloucester, England, who emigrated to Boston with the John Winthrop colony, 1631-1633, settled as leader of a colony in Connecticut in 1639, and organized the town of Milford. Children: 1. Edward Franklin, jr.; 2. Morgan; 3. Elizabeth; 4. Margaret Louise. Residence: Johns Hopkins university, Baltimore, Md. BUCK, ALFRED ELIAB, public official and diplomat, representative in congress, was born February 7, 1832, at Foxcroft, Piscataquis County, Me., and died December 4, 1902, in Tokio, Japan; son of Benjamin Thomas and Almira (Todd) Buck, natives respectively of Buckfield, Me., and Fredericton, New Bruns wick; grandson of Nathaniel and Sallie (Sea- bury) Buck. The Buck family is of English descent and was first introduced into America by the grandfather of Col. Buck, who settled in Buckfield, Me., to which town he gave his name. He and his relatives were soldiers of the Revolution and of the War of 1812. The Todd family came from the Isle of Man to New Brunswick. Col. Buck was prepared for college at the Foxcroft academy, Maine, and entered Waterville college, now Colby univer sity, at Waterville, Me. He paid his own way through college, and was graduated as Latin salutatorian in 1859, and afterwards took the degree of A. M. He taught in the high school at Hallowell, Me., 1860; and was principal of the high school at Lewiston, Me., when the War of Secession broke out. He enlisted but was not accepted because of excess of enlist ments; raised a company at his own expense; went into camp, November 1861 ; and was made a captain in the Thirteenth regiment of Maine Volunteers, U. S. Army. He served on the Mississippi coast, at Ship Island, Fort Pike, and Fort Macomb; organized and was made lieutenant-colonel of the Ninety-first U. S. col ored infantry, 1863; commanded the Fifty-first colored infantry, October 1864; was ordered to Vicksburg, November 1864; was assigned to duty as second officer on the board of examina tion for white officers for colored regiments; led his regiment in the capture of Fort Blakely at Mobile, when the Federals captured twenty- five hundred men, and was brevetted colonel for that assault; was made division inspector general, April 1865; and inspector general of western Louisiana, two months later, in which capacity he inspected troops and located sup ply depots. He was a member of the military commission at New Orleans for the Department of the Gulf during the winter of 1865, and was mustered out, June 1866. He engaged in manufacturing turpentine on Montgomery Island, Mobile Bay, and was burned out, 1867; was a delegate to the Ala bama state convention, 1867; and clerk of the county court, that same year; became di rector, secretary and treasurer of the Tecum- seh iron company, elected to the Mobile City Council, and chosen a Grant presidential elector, 1868; elected to congress from Mobile, 1869, and during his term secured the first fifty thousand dollars for the improve ment of the harbor of Mobile. He declined re-election to congress; was elected a member of the Mobile City Council in 1873, and although he was the only Republican mem ber, was made president of the council. He resigned that office the same year and moved to Atlanta, Ga., where he was appointed clerk of the United States courts, resigning in 1887, and receiving the appointment of U. S. marshal of Georgia, 1889. He was a member from Geor gia of the national Republican conventions of 1880, 1884, 1888, and 1892, and was chairman of delegation in the last two. He was chair man of the Georgia State Central Republican committee from 1882 until 1892; was presi dent of the Wilson Ridge ore company, of Calhoun County, and president of the South Atlanta Land company, Atlanta, Ga. He was appointed by President McKinley in 1897, en- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 247 voy extraordinary and minister plenipoten tiary to the court of Japan, and filled this position for nearly six years. The degree of LL. D. was conferred upon Col. Buck by Colby university, Me., 1898. Married: January 11, 1864, in New Orleans, Ellen Bond, daughter of Judge Henry Knox and Sarah Mary (Lord) Baker, of Hal- lowell, Me.; granddaughter of Amos and Mary (Weston) Baker, the former enlisted in the Revolutionary Army when only thirteen years old, and became in time a member of Gen. Washington's life guard. Last residence: Tokio, Japan. BUCK, EDWARD JEFFERIES, banker, was born September 3, 1865, at Port Gibson, Clai borne County, Miss.; son of Charles Edward and Sarah Letitia (Jefferies) Buck, of Port Gibson, Miss.; grandson of William Richardson and Maria (Flower) Buck, and of Nathaniel and Katharine (Watson) Jefferies, all of Port Gib son. The family is of French and Scotch- Irish origin, on maternal side, and are directly descended from Evan Shelby, brother of Isaac Shelby, of Kings Mountain fame, in the War of the American Revolution. Mr. Buck was educated in the public and private schools of Port Gibson, and Chamberlain Hunt academy; and graduated in law department of University of Mississippi, LL. B., 1889. He was formerly in railroad construction work for Texas and Pacific railroad 1882-1887; was cashier of Na tional Bank of Pittsburg, Kan., for one year, removed to Biloxi, Miss., and organized Bank of Biloxi; then removed to Mobile in 1899 and organized City National Bank, now City Bank and Trust Co., of which he is president. On the organization of the State banking board in 1911, he was named one of the members by Gov. Emmet O'Neal, serving until January 1915. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: at Mobile, December, 1901, Sarah Estelle, daugh ter of Orville Franklin and Sarah (Cowan) Cawthorn, of that city. No issue. Residence: Mobile. BUCK, WILLIAM AMOS, cotton factor, was born February 25, 1830, at Reading, Pa., and died October 30, 1892, at Mobile; son of Amos and Justa Maria (Ernst) Buck, the for mer a merchant at Reading and Lebanon, Pa., later engaged in canal transportation at Read ing, who moved south in 1835, and settled in Russellville, Ala., where he died, November 8, 1841; grandson of Col. Jonathan, jr., and Han nah (Gale) Buck, natives of Haverhill, Mass., the former a colonel in the Revolutionary War from Massachusetts Bay colony, the latter a descendant of Welsh stock, and of Rev. John Frederic Ernst, a Lutheran preacher from Strassburg, Germany, who came to America, and lived in Cooperstown, N. Y., and in Leb anon, Pa., a lineal descendant of the House of Hapsburg, whose ancestor sacrificed his title to marry outside of the nobility; great-grand son of Jonathan and Lydia (Morse) Buck, the former the founder and first settler of Bucksport, Me., an officer in the British colo nial army which fought against the French for Canada; great-great-grandson of Ebenezer and Lydia (Ames) Buck; great-great-great- grandson of Ephraim Buck, born July 26, 1646, in Massachusetts colony, settled in Woburn, now Wilmington; great-great-great-great-grand son of Roger Buck, who came to America from Scotland with his brothers. Isaac and James, in 1638, and settled in the province of Massachusetts, Isaac in Scituate, James in Hingham, and Roger in Cambridge where he built a house on his farm which is still in existence in North Wilmington, near Boston, Mass. Col. Buck received a common school educa tion which he supplemented by constant read ing and study. His father died when he was ten years old, and soon after he moved to Macon, Miss., where he supported ' himself by commercial pursuits. He returned to Alabama in 1848, and located at Mobile, where he be came occupied in the cotton factorage business. In 1860, with the evidence of war growing stronger daily, Col. Buck organized a military company, called the Gulf City guards, for ac tive service in the State of Alabama, and was elected its first captain. In July 1861, the Gulf City guards, under command of Capt. Buck, responded to an order from Gov. A. B. Moore of Alabama, and proceeded to Fort Morgan for the purpose of becoming part of its garrison until the post could be permanently manned. When relieved from this post, Capt. Buck was made major of a fire brigade at Mobile, and later, when the call was made for troops for the Confederacy, he was instrumental in transforming the old fire brigade, with other additions, into the Twenty-fourth Alabama regiment, of which he was elected colonel. The Twenty-fourth Alabama was ordered to Corinth immediately after the battle of Shiloh, and attached to the brigade of Gen. John K. Jackson, Wither's division, Polk's corps; and participated, under this command, in the bat tles of Farmington and Blacksland. It re mained in Jackson's brigade throughout Gen. Bragg's memorable campaign into Kentucky, sharing all the hardships and privations at tending this incursion. After Gen. Bragg's return to Tennessee, the brigades were reor ganized, and Col. Buck's regiment assigned to the command of Col. A. M. Manigault,. who was then commanding a brigade composed mainly of South Carolinians. While leading a charge at the head of his regiment through a zone of fire in which, during a period of ten min utes, more than half of the forces under him were either killed or wounded, Col. Buck was himself severely wounded. The character of his wounds was such, that upon the advice of the division and brigadier surgeons who were of the opinion that they would disqualify him for further service, he was forced to resign, just as a brigadier-generalship seemed to have been in his grasp. At this time he accepted a position from the Confederate government to handle cotton, and was one of the very few men who did not make a handsome fortune for himself out of that charge. Col. Buck returned to civil life after the war, selling lands and jewelry in order to gain a sum large enough to start in the cot ton factorage business again. He resumed his 248 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY former trade at Mobile, and built up an ex tensive business under the firm names of Buck and Barnes, Buck and Tuller, and Buck and Beauchamp. He retired from that business in 1883, and became secretary of the Factors and traders insurance company, which position he continued to hold until his death. At one time he was president of the Washington fire and marine insurance company. He was a Demo crat; a Baptist; an Odd Fellow; Knight of Honor; a member of the social, secret order, Cowbellian de Rakin society, and a charter member of the Y. M. C. A. at Mobile. Married: October 28, 1852, in Mobile, Mar garet, daughter of Levi and Margaret (Moffitt) Langdon of Mobile. Her father moved from Marion to Mobile in 1835, pur chased and managed the Mobile "Advertiser," the organ of the Whig party. She was a granddaughter of Capt Giles and Sarah (Car ter) Langdon, the former a native of South- ington, Conn., who was an officer in the Revo lution. She died December 9, 1891. Children: 1. William Langdon, colonel, U. S. Army, d. October 20, 1912, at the Walter Reid Hospital, Washington, D. C, m. Winona Hawthorne who resides at San Diego, Calif.; 2. Albert Chris topher, m. Bessie Smyth, resides at Sherman, Tex.; 3. Emma Elizabeth, m. Jack Ferrill Ross, resides at Mobile; 4. Helen Billingden, m. Richard Vipon Taylor (q. v.), resides at Mo bile; 5. Harriett Dupre, d. June 4, 1886. Last residence: Mobile. BUCK, WILLIAM CALMES, Baptist minis ter, was born August 23, 1790, in Shenandoah, now Warren County, Va., and died May 18, 1872, at Waco, Tex.; son of Charles and Mary (Rich ardson) Buck, the former a farmer. He re ceived only a common school education but supplemented this by diligent reading and studying until he was a good Greek and Hebrew scholar. He was at first a farmer; joined the Water Lick Baptist church, Va., in his seven teenth year; ordained in 1812; lieutenant in U. S. army, War of 1812; moved to Kentucky in 1820 and served churches in Union and Woodford Counties, and at Louisville. While in Louisville he edited the "Baptist Banner" and "Western Pioneer." He was called to Columbus, Miss., March, 1854, and in May, 1857, removed to Greensboro, Ala.; Selma, 1858; and in 1859, to Marion where he published "The Baptist Correspondence." This was suspended by the War of Secession and he entered the C. S. Army as a missionary. ' After the war he served in Mississippi until his removal to Texas. Author: "The Baptist hymn book"; "The philosophy of religion"; and "The science of life." Last residence: Waco, Tex. BUCKLEY, CHARLES WALDRON, public official, representative in congress, was born February 18, 1835, at Unadilla, Otsego County, N. Y.; son of John Jay and Mary Ann (Mus- son) Buckley. His father was of New Eng land stock and Puritan ancestry, a descendant from the Buckleys who settled in Salem, the second oldest town in Massachusetts, some of whom were cruelly persecuted during the witchcraft delusion, 1692-1693. His mother was brought to America by her father from England when she was two years old. Her ancestors came from France after the Norman conquest, and settled in Leicestershire, Eng land. Judge Buckley moved with his parents in 1846 from New York to Freeport, 111., where he was reared on a farm, attending the country schools in the winter and working on the farm in the summer. He entered Beloit college, Wisconsin, and was graduated with the high est honors of his class, A. B., 1860. He taught school for one year, then entered the Union theological seminary, New York City, gradu ating in 1863. He was ordained by the fourth Presbytery of New York, and was appointed chaplain in the U. S. Army, November, 1863. He joined the army at Vicksburg, Miss., as captain of the Forty-seventh U. S. colored in fantry. After the capture of Spanish Fort and the surrender of Mobile, he was ordered by Gen. Canby to proceed to Montgomery on special duty as superintendent of education for the Bureau of Refugees and Freedmen for Alabama. He occupied that position for two years; was elected by the Republicans of Montgomery County to be a member of the state convention which assembled November 5, 1867, under the reconstruction acts, to frame a constitution for Alabama, and at the convention served as chairman of the com mittee on public institutions and as a mem ber of the committee on education. His efforts were especially directed to the work of fram ing into the constitution that outline of a free public school system which, in its subsequent development, has brought the opportunities of a good common school education within the reach of every child in the state, without distinction of race, color, or previous condi tion. In February, 1868, he was elected a rep resentative to the Fortieth congress from the second district of Alabama, and took his seat upon the readmission of Alabama into the Union, July 21, 1868; was unanimously re nominated by the Republican party of his district for the Forty-first congress, and elected by a majority of more than four thou sand votes; and was re-elected to the Forty- second congress. In November, 1874, he was elected judge of the probate court of Mont gomery County for a term of six years; was appointed postmaster of Montgomery in 1881, by President Garfield the week the latter was shot; held that position during the adminis trations of Arthur and Harrison; was re-ap pointed postmaster by President McKinley, and again by President Roosevelt. He • was a Garfield elector, and a McKinley elector in 1896. He was chairman of the Alabama dele gation to the St. Louis convention; was one of the organizers of the Commercial fire in surance company, the Bank of Montgomery, the Tecumseh iron company, the Black War rior coal & coke company, and several other coal companies. He is a Presbyterian. Mar ried: March 1869, at New York City, Georgi- anna, daughter of Benjamin and Amanda Lord, of New York City. Children: 1. Ben jamin Lord, graduate of Columbia Univer sity, principal of a private school in New York City. Residence: Montgomery. DR. WILLIAM S. WYMAN, Sr. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 251 BUCKLEY, WILLIAM MUSSON, farmer, was born June 3, 1816, at Unadilla, Otsego County, N. Y., and died April 1891; son of John Jay and Mary Ann (Musson) Buckley, who moved from New York to a farm in Free- port, 111., in 1846, the former of Puritan an cestry, a descendant of the Buckleys who emi grated from England to Salem, Mass., in early colonial times, the latter a native of England, who came with her father to America when she was two years old. The Mussons went from France to England after the Norman conquest. Judge Buckley was educated in an academy at Unadilla, N. Y. He took up the occupation of farming in Illinois; was elected judge of the probate court, of Stephenson County, 111., and later was elected treasurer of that county. He was appointed tax collector of Lowndes County; was elected to represent Lowndes County from the ninth elective district in the state constitutional convention of Alabama of 1867. Later he was elected to the State legis lature. He was a Republican and a Presby terian. Married: October, 1858, at Freeport, 111., Anna Matilda Burrell, daughter of John and Matilda Burrell. Last residence: Mont gomery. BUCKNER, H. F., Baptist minister, was born December 18, 1818, near Newport, Tenn. Dr. Buckner united when a small boy with the Baptist church at Madisonville, Tenn., and at tended Southwestern theological seminary, 1835-38. He removed to Alabama, 1838, and engaged in teaching; was licensed, 1839, serv ing four churches and at the same time con tinuing his studies at the University of Ala bama. He returned to Kentucky in 1841, be came a missionary, and in 1848 became an In dian missionary. The honorary degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by Baylor university, Tex. Author of a Greek grammar; compiled a Greek hymn book, and translated the gospel of John into the Greek language. BUELL, DAVID, lawyer, was born May 3, 1836, at Honeoye Falls, Monroe County, N. Y., and died November 18, 1884, at Greenville; son of Parker and Amanda (Evarts) Buell, the former a native of Newport, Sullivan County, N. H., a soldier of the War of 1812, and a Methodist minister, having at one time a circuit of two hundred miles in the state of New York; grandson of Daniel and Pre served (Pelton) Buell. The progenitor of the Buell family, William Buell, also spelled Be- welle and Beuville, was the son of Sir Robert Bewelle of Chesterton, Huntingdonshire, Eng land, and emigrated to America in 1630 be cause his Puritanical ideas were not in ac cord with his father's religious views. His family had been connected with courts of kings, particularly from 1270 to 1375. Mr. Buell attended the public schools in the vari ous towns in which his father resided during his itinerant preaching, and was graduated from Gennessee College, New York. After his graduation, he moved to Alabama, 1856, and during that year and the next, assisted Col. John T. Milner, the engineer in charge of the building of what is now known as the Mobile Vol. HI— IT & Montgomery railroad, in the survey of the route. From 1858 until the outbreak of war in 1861, he taught school in Georgiana, But ler County. He volunteered in the C. S. Army joining the Greenville Guards, Eighth Ala bama regiment. After two years service in the army of northern Virginia, while Lee's army was in winter quarters encamped near the Potomac, and the U. S. Army was near by, Mr. Buell, who was with Lee's men, would under permit cross the river on the many stones outcropping in its bed, to visit his brother, Seth Buell, who was in the near-by U. S. Army. At one time, seeing the battered overcoat and worn shoes which Mr. Buell was wearing, his brother offered to bring him bet ter ones in exchange for tobacco. The ex change was made, and the overcoat which Mr. Buell received enabled him to escape, later, when he had been taken prisoner by the Fed eral troops. After the intercourse between the brothers had lasted for some time, Col. Her bert Davids, commanding officer of Mr. Buell's regiment, suggested to avoid the possibility of the two brothers meeting face to face in battle and wounding or killing each other, Mr. Buell might, if desired, be transferred to the ordnance corps. The transfer was made, just after he had been commissioned first lieuten ant, and he served as ordnance officer until the surrender at Appomattox. At the close of the war, he returned to Greenville, and be gan the practice of law in partnership with Hon. J. L. Powell, later probate judge of But ler County; Hon. H. A. Herbert, afterwards representative in Congress; and finally with Mr. Lane, in the firm of Buell & Lane, which continued until his death. In 1878, he was elected to the state senate from the district composed of Butler and Conecuh counties, and at the close of the session retired from official life, declining re-election, in order to devote all his time to his profession. He was a Democrat, an Episcopalian, and one of the first members of the Alabama State Bar As sociation. Married: October 13, 1868, at Greenville, Flora Herbert, daughter of Thomas Edward and Dorothy (Teague) Herbert, a descendant of James Herbert, who left his home in England five generations before, be cause of family opposition to his marriage with a Miss Hilary, a Roman Catholic, and emigrated to America, settling on the banks of the James River in Virginia. Children: 1. Jessie, d. at age of two years; 2. Flora, m. Cunningham Wilson Hickman, Birmingham; 3. Edith, m. David Edwin Wilson, Woodward; 4. Herbert Evarts. b. August 3, 1877, m. Mary Alice Bannister, Macon, Ga.; 5. David Theo dore, m. Nannie Ellsberry Flo-Claire, Mobile; 6. Clarine, m. Edward Hamilton West, Moun tain Terrace, Birmingham. Last residence: Greenville. BUFORD, JEFFERSON, lawyer, was born 1805 or 1806, in Chester District, S. C, and died August 28, 1862, at Clayton; son of John Ragsdale and Esther (Eaves) Buford, the former a Virginian who emigrated to South Carolina. The Bufords are of English descent, one of the ancestors being Margaret Buford, or Beaufort, the mother of Kings Henry VII 252 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and VIII. Mr. Buford's grandfather came from England to America and settled in Virginia in the early days of the country. He read law in the office of his uncle, Nathaniel R. Eaves; was enrolled as an attorney in 1828; practiced law until 1832, when he came to Alabama and settled in Pike County. He practiced there for six years, during which time he served in the Indian War of 1836; then moved to Barbour County and established himself at Eufaula. In 1840, he was elected to the state senate from Barbour and Russell Counties; served seven years in that body; and was associated in the practice of law with Pugh & Bullock for some years. During the Kansas troubles of 1855 in the strug gle of the North and South for dominancy of that state, it was Mr. Buford's opinion that the South should send out organized bodies of pro-slavery immigrants to settle Kansas; and in 1856, he carried, largely at his own expense, a body of several hundred settlers there and found homes for them. Following this example, several others carried companies to Kansas, but the venture failed. Mr. Buford returned to Barbour County after the question was decided, and in 1861, was elected a dele gate to the Secession convention at Montgom ery, to succeed Gen. Alpheus Baker, who, at an advanced stage of the session, resigned his seat to raise a company for the war. Mr. Buford was a brother of James McClure Buford, and was his first instructor in law. J. M. Buford was graduated from college at Columbia, S. C, 1850, and from a law school at New Orleans; was admitted to the bar of Alabama, 1852; was editor of "The Spirit of the South," prior to and during the war; and of the same paper under the name, "The Eu faula News," for a great part of the time till November, 1874; moved to Atlanta, Ga., 1883; returned to Alabama, settling in Decatur, Mor gan County, 1887, and continued the practice of law; married June, 1859, at Eufaula, Mrs. M. C. Wallace, daughter of Dr. W. L. Cowan; and had born to him from this marriage, eight children, William Cowan, Carrie Eloise, Jefferson Pugh, Annie Esther, Rosa Theresa, LeRoy Eaves, Mary Melton, deceased, and Emily Alexander. Jefferson Buford was de scribed by Hon. James L. Pugh of Eufaula, as "a man of pure private character, a first-rate lawyer, a cultivated gentleman, and one who was true to his convictions. He was some what eccentric, but was a public spirited, en ergetic, reliable, useful and successful man." He was a Whig. Married: (1) a daughter of Maj. John H. White, of Barbour County; (2) Mrs. McNeil. Last residence: Clayton. BUGBEE, FRANCIS, lawyer, was born Feb ruary 18, 1794, in Ashford, Conn., and died in Montgomery, April 21, 1877; son of Amos and Martha (Woodward) Bugbee, of Ashford, the former one of the Connecticut men who marched to the relief of Boston, 1775; grand son of Capt. Joseph Woodward of the Revolu tionary army; great-grandson of Samuel and Thankful (Snow) Bugbee. The Bugbee family were settlers of Roxbury, Mass., in 1634; about 1745, they are found at Ashford, with the Wood ward family, both ardent patriots. Judge Bug bee was educated in the community schools graduated from Yale university, 1818; taught in North Carolina while studying law under Judge Badger; in 1820 admitted to the bar of North Carolina; and in October of the same year admitted to the bar in Pennsylvania. In January 1821, he located in Jefferson County, where he practiced until 1826, when he re moved to Montgomery. He was a trustee of the University of Alabama, 1836-71; member of legislature, 1843; was a Union man during the War of Secession; appointed judge of the cir cuit court under Federal authority; and from 1866 to 1869 he served as U. S. district attor ney. He was a Whig, and at the close of the war affiliated with the Republican party. He was a Methodist. Married; in Jefferson Coun ty, July 5, 1827, to Lavinia Hudson Tarrant. Children: 1, Thomas Francis; 2. Julia Malinde; 3. Sallie Gindrat, m. Julius Bigelow Trimble. Last residence: Montgomery. BULGER, MICHAEL JEFFERSON, planter, brigadier general, C. S. Army, State senator, was born February 13, 1806, in Richland Dis trict, S. C, and died September 11, 1900, in Tallapoosa County; son of Pierce and Sarah A. (Adam) Bulger, of Richland District, S. C, the former a mechanic by trade, a soldier in the War of 1812, in which he was wounded, and a resident there until his death in 1815; grand son of Michael Bulger, a native of Ireland who came to America during the Revolution as a member of General DeKalb's staff, was in the battle of Camden, where DeKalb was killed and he himself left wounded on the field, recover ing, he married, and settled in Richland Dis trict where he reared a family. When seven teen years of age General Bulger, with his brother Charles, located in Montgomery, where he was apprenticed to a gin-maker with whom he lived several years. In 1834 he removed to Nixburg, Coosa County, and thence in 1838, he moved to Tallapoosa County and followed the occupation of a planter the remainder of his life. He was elected to the State legisla ture, 1851-57. He had a fine understanding of parliamentary law, especially that part which was of use to a minority. He was elected briga dier-general of militia, and held that position until 1861. During the years he held this office he labored diligently to infuse and maintain a military spirit among the people. He was a delegate to the Charleston convention of 1860, but withdrew with the Alabama delegation and took no further part in the proceedings, ex cept that of an onlooker, deeply interested in final results. In the division of the Demo cratic party, he adhered to the national or ganization, canvassed the State extensively for Douglas and was a candidate for election on the Douglas electoral ticket. Upon the call for a convention, following Lincoln's election to the presidency of the United States, General Bulger was elected from Tallapoosa to that body, and opposed the secession of Alabama from the Union on the grounds that it was "unwise and impolitic," and urged steps look ing to co-operation with the other slave-holding states. When the ordinance of secession was reported by the committee of thirteen, he voted for a proposition to submit it to the people, be- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 253 ing one of three men who refused to sign the ordinance. A mob formed and threatened to hang him for what they regarded as disloyalty to the section, but upon hearing his defiant retort that according to his opinion a man who refused to vote according to the wishes of his constituents deserved to be hanged, and that they should come and do their work, the mob became an orderly mass that entered the hall to stare at a man with so much courage. He remained in the convention throughout the whole session, taking part in its proceedings, and assisted in the re-organization of the State government under the new order of things. In 1861 he was defeated for the senate. When war came General Bulger felt it his duty to do everything to uphold the Southern cause. His first work was to assist Governor Shorter to re-organize the cavalry. He recruited and or ganized a company and went into camp at Loachapoka, and with his assistance a regi ment was raised, but on his failure to be elected colonel he accepted a captaincy in the 47th Alabama infantry regiment; at the battle of Cedar Run he was in command of the regi ment and during an attack on the flank he was wounded in the arm, but he bound his arm tightly, laid it in his bosom, and continued to command his regiment. A little later he was shot in the leg and an artery severed, but he stopped the flow of blood by placing a corn cob on each side which he bound with a sus pender that was given him by one of the sol diers, and then persisted in the fight until ex hausted from the loss of blood he was com pelled to desist. He was borne to the home of a Mr. Tusby where he was cared for. He returned home and while confined to his bed from his wounds he was elected to the State senate to fill a vacancy. After his recovery he returned to his regiment and was made lieutenant colonel. At the battle of Gettysburg he was in General Law's brigade in the charge on Little Round Top, and while commanding the regiment was shot through the chest with a minie ball, which lodged under the shoulder blade where it ever after remained. He was left on the field and reported dead, but was cared for by the Federals during his stay at Gettysburg. He was later removed to Balti more and thence sent to Johnson's Island, where he spent the winter. The following spring he was exchanged, and returning to his command was commissioned colonel. Returning home for a surgical operation he was again elected to the State senate. While waiting to recover sufficiently to return to the field he was com missioned brigadier-general in the Confederate Army, but before he could assume his new office the Confederate armies had surrendered. Upon returning home he became a candidate for governor, but was defeated by Robert M. Patton. He was a member of the State senate, 1866. After this last public service he retired to the home of his daughter, at Jackson's Gap. He was a Presbyterian. Married: (1) in 1829, to Parmelia, daughter of Rev. Matthew Donnell of Rea County, Tenn.; (2) in 1837, to Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Nathan and Harriet Bozeman, of Tallapoosa County. Children, by the first wife: 1. Pierce D., Baptist minister; 2. Mary A., m. Dr. James T. Shackleford, Tren ton, Tenn.; 3. Michael; 4. Parmelia, m. Dr. Wil son T. Banks, Tallapoosa County; by the sec ond wife: 5. Nathan; 6. William D.; 7. Cath erine T., m. John P. Burns, Dadeville; 8. Thomas L. (q. v.); 9. Carrie. Last residence: Jackson's Gap. BULGER, THOMAS, LAFAYETTE, lawyer and State senator, was bora in Dadeville, Tal lapoosa County, August 16, 1855; son of Michael Jefferson and Mary Elizabeth (Bozeman) Bul ger (q. v.) ; and grandson of Nathan and Har riett Bozeman, of Brooksville, Coosa County. Senator Bulger's early education was received in the common country schools; he attended the Roanoke college in Virginia four years, and later entered the U. S. military academy at West Point, but did not graduate. Since 1877, Mr. Bulger has been "a practicing lawyer at Dade ville; was a member of the State senate, 1886- 87, member of the house of representatives, 1898-99 and 1900-01; member of the constitu-' tional convention of 1901; again a member of the house, 1907; and a member of the State senate. 1915, of which body he was president pro tem. He is a Democrat; a member of the State executive committee ten years; a Bryan presidential elector; a Methodist, and a Knight of Pythias. Married: December 16, 1880, at Wetumpka, to Mollie Cade, daughter of Col. John G. and Sarah (Hutcheson) Bass, of that place. Children: 1. Hentell T., m. O. P. Car lisle, of Dadeville; 2. Bessie Cade, m. Joseph B. Rylance (q. v.) ; 3. Michael J. Jr., unmar ried. Residence: Dadeville. BULGER, WILLIAM DOUGLASS, lawyer, was born March 1, 1843, near Rockford, Coosa County, and died at Dadeville, December* 5, 1894; son of Michael and Elizabeth (Bozeman) Bulger (q. v.). He was educated in the county schools, and spent five years in the office of the "Dadeville Banner," owned by his father. He entered Maryville college, Tenn., and was a student there In 1861, when he left school to become a member of a company as signed to the 38th Tennessee infantry regi ment. On receiving his discharge, in April 1862, he enlisted in Co. A, 47th Alabama in fantry regiment, commanded by his father; participated in the battles of Cedar Run, Sec ond Manassas, Chantilly Farm, Fredericks burg, Sharpsburg, Gettysburg and Chicka- mauga; was wounded in the last named battle, and was assigned to duty at Mobile and ap pointed lieutenant colonel of the Third Alabama reserves. Upon the cessation of hostilities he returned home and at once began the study of law; in 1866 admitted to the bar and located at Dadeville, where he remained until 1888, when he removed to Birmingham; in a short time became associated with Judge John T. Heflin, and upon the latter's death, became as sociated with John J. Altman and Harrington P. Heflin. He was a member of the house of representatives from Tallapoosa County, 1870- 81, and an unsuccessful candidate for congress from the fifth district. He was a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: December 5, 1866, at Dadeville, to Amanda Elizabeth, daughter of 254 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY James and Elizabeth (Crabbe) Crabbe, of Mc- Donough, Ga., the former a Confederate sol dier. Children: 1. Emma, m. James A. O'Neal; 2. Henrie, an artist, resides in Dade ville; 3. Frances, resides in Dadeville; 4. Boze man, a newspaper writer of wide reputation, m. Louie Strane, of Athens, resides in New York; 5. Ruby, m. Alexander M. Parker, re side in Tucson, Arizona; 6-10 all died young. Last residence: Dadeville. BULLARD, ROBERT LEE, lieutenant gen eral U. S. Army, was born January 15, 1861, at Youngsboro, Lee County; son of Daniel and Susan (Mizell) Bullard, the former a native of Lumberton, Robeson County, N. C, an early pioneer to Alabama where he acquired exten sive landed interests, residing near Opelika, later removing to a site opposite Columbus, Ga., finally settling on his plantation at Oak Bowery, a Democrat, Methodist and a Mason; grandson of Robert and Catherine (McLean) * Bullard, also of Robeson County, N. C; great- grandson of Charles McLean, a native of the Isle of Skye and of Scotch stock who emigrated to North Carolina prior to the Revolutionary war. The Bullards were of English ancestry. The Mizell family was of French origin. Gen. Bullard was educated in the common schools of Lee and Chambers counties and was a stu dent at the Alabama agricultural and mechani cal college, now Alabama polytechnic institute 1880-81, and in June of that year, by competi tive examination, entered the U. S. military academy, West Point, N. ,Y., from which he graduated in 1885, twenty-seven in a class of thirty-nine; graduated from School of the line, Ft. Leavenworth, Kan., and the Army war col lege, Washington, D. C, 1912. Gen. Bullard's career in the U. S. Army is as follows: Geronimo Indian campaign, 1885- 86; service in Southwest; major, Alabama vol unteers, negroes, 1898-99, this regiment won high reputation in War department for dis cipline and excellence of conduct. Upon its reputation, Colonel Bullard was appointed by President as colonel 39th infantry U. S. volun teers 1899-1901. For the work of this regi ment in campaign in the Philippines, Col. Bul lard was commended or approved by Generals Otis, Bates, Schwan and McArthur and by all other commanders under whom he served. Upon his work with this regiment Col. Bullard, at that time a major in the subsistence de partment of the regular army was transferred back to the line of the regular army from which he came at the opening of the Spanish Ameri can War, and served in nine engagements; cut Lligan-Lanao military road in Central Minda nao, 1902-1903; military commander, opened hostile Moro Country, in Central Mindanao and as civil governor established government there, the first among the Moros, 1903-1904, and served in seventeen engagements. In this work repeatedly officially commended for skillful military and civil operations, by Colonels Foote, Williams and Sweet and by Generals George W. Davis and Leonard Wood; political aide to provisional governor of Cuba, working in all departments of government, 1906-08; secretary of public instruction in Cuba, 1908- 09; confidential work in Mexico, 1911; colonel of infantry, Regular army, March 11, 1911; special instruction in tactics, Ft. Leavenworth schools of the line, 1911; graduate, Army war college, 1912; commander mobilized Third bri gade, Second division, 1913-15; commanding regiment, district and national guard brigade in Mexican border bandit raids and in national guard mobilization on border, 1915-16; com manding officer, Training Camp, Arkansas, May 1917; brigadier general, U. S. Army, June 14, 1917; commanding Second brigade, First di vision, American expeditionary forces in France June, July and August, 1917; major general, National army, August 5, 1917; establishing and commanding various infantry officers schools in France to December 14, 1917; com manding first division, A. E. F. in training maneuvers, trenches and open field in all its engagements and operations against Germans in France, December 14, 1917, to June 14, 1918; commanding Third corps, A. E. F., in open field in all its engagements and operations against Germans in France, July 14 to October 11, 1918; lieutenant general, October 16, 1918; ma jor general, Regular army, November 1918; as signed to command and commanding Second Army, A. E. F., in France in all its operations and engagements, training, occupation of enemy territory in France and in Luxemburg, October 11, 1918, to April 15, 1919; decorations from United States, France, Belgium and Italy for services in war against Germany. General Bullard is a Democrat; reared a Methodist, but became a Catholic at the age of forty. Author: numerous articles on the mili tary profession, Cuba, the Philippines and the psychology of military leadership. Married: April 17, 1888, at Fort Wingate, N. M., to Rosa daughter of Reese B. and Maria (Keith) Brab- son of Chattanooga, Tenn. Children: 1. Rob ert Lee, jr.; 2. Peter Cleary; 3. Rosa Brabson; 4. Keith. Address: War Department, Wash ington, D. C. BULLEN, JACOB THOMPSON, district en gineer, U. S. bureau of roads, was born No vember 21, 1872, at Louisville, Ky., son of Thomas Henry and Therese (Monte) Bullen, of Louisville, Ky.; grandson of William and Eliza Ann (Meares) Bullen, of eastern Mary land. Mr. Bullen received his early education in the public schools of Louisville, Ky., and Montgomery, and was graduated from the Ala bama Polytechnic Institute, B. S., 1892, C. E., 1900. He served as clerk of the L. & N. railroad at Montgomery from 1892 until 1900; was as sistant highway engineer for Jackson County, three years, and chief engineer, two years; assistant engineer in the extension of the city water works at Montgomery; private en gineer, 1905-1906; county engineer for Mont gomery and Morgan Counties, 1906-1911; parish engineer of the Caddo Parish, La., Oc tober, 1911- August, 1916; county engineer of Raleigh County, Va., August, 1916-Novem- ber, 1916; U. S. district engineer for the bureau of roads', in charge of Federal aid roadwork of six southeastern states, 1916- 1919. He enlisted in the Montgomery Greys during the Spanish-American War, and was DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 255 promoted from private to second lieutenant, and after the war, became captain. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; and a member of Phi Delta Theta college fraternity. Mar ried: In Nashville, Tenn., Gertrude, daugh ter of George Frederick and Sarah (Fen- nell) Scruggs, of Huntsville; granddaughter of Frederick and Margaret (Kimbrough) Scruggs, and of Isabella (Allison) Fennell; great granddaughter of Frederick and Re becca Lindsay (Conway) Scruggs, the former a settler of North Carolina, afterwards called Jefferson County, Tenn.; great-great-grand daughter of Gross and Anne Kuth (Hale) Scruggs, the former a native of Virginia who served in the Revolutionary War under Gen. Anthony Wayne and Edward Conway; great- great-great-granddaughter of Jesse Scruggs, who settled in Burke County, Ga., before 1774; great-great-great-great-granddaughter of Richard and Martha Scruggs of New Kent County, Va.; great-great-great-great-great- granddaughter of Henery and Ann (Grose) Scruggs ; great-great-great-great-great-great- granddaughter of Richard Scruggs, Gentle man, an Englishman of Bedfordshire, who came to America in 1655, and settled in the Province of Virginia. Children: 1. Margaret, b. 1906; 2. Jake, b. 1911; 3. George, b. 1911. Residence: Montgomery. BULLOCK, EDWARD COURTNEY, lawyer, was born December 7, 1822, and died Decem ber 23, 1861, at Montgomery. His father was a native of Rhode Island who moved to Charleston, S. C, married there, and became a merchant in that city. His mother was a sister of Edward Courtney, of Charleston, S. C. Col. Bullock gained his early schooling in that city, and was graduated from Har vard College in 1842. The following year he moved to Alabama; settled in Eufaula; and taught school there for two years. During this time, he used his spare time for the study of law; was licensed to practice; and established himself at Eufaula. He soon be came connected in a law partnership with John A. Calhoun, nephew of John C. Calhoun; and later with Hon. J. L. Pugh and Jefferson Buford (q. v.) under the firm name of Pugh, Bullock & Buford. In 1857 he was elected to the state senate by the Democratic party, and was re-elected in 1859. During his four years in the senate, he was made chairman of the committee on the judiciary, and held a controlling influence not only in the senate, but also in the house. He was closely allied, in consultation and in action, with the events which resulted in secession. He was a very prominent member of the state convention that sent delegates to Charleston, S. C, in 1860, and was active in its proceedings and in passing the platform resolutions. When the state seceded, he was appointed by Gov. Moore a commissioner to Florida, to consult with the authorities there on the common in terest of the cotton states. Upon the election of Jefferson Davis to the presidency of the Confederacy, he was selected to represent his state in the delivery of a formal address of welcome to the president and his party, as they entered her precincts for the inaugural ceremonies. When war broke out, Col. Bullock resigned his seat in the senate, and enlisted as a private In the Eufaula Rifles. While stationed at Pen sacola, his legal abilities were recognized by Gen. Bragg in the appointment of judge advo cate, and upon the organization of the Eight eenth Alabama regiment, he was commis sioned its colonel. The regiment was sta tioned at Mobile, and it was during the dis charge of his duties there that Col. Bullock contracted the fever which proved fatal to him. He had requested Gen. Bragg to allow him to be present at the bombardment of Pensacola, and the telegram announcing that event came on the very day he was first stricken with typhoid. Rallying under the excitement of the occasion, he went imme diately to Pensacola, but soon had to yield to the disease. After three weeks he was moved to Montgomery by his friend, Dr. W. O. Baldwin, at whose home he died two weeks later. He was buried Christmas day at Eu faula. The first legislature after the war named a new county in honor of Col. Bul lock's memory, acting upon the motion made by Col. Richard H. Powell, of Union Springs, the senator from Macon. Hon. James L. Pugh, of Eufaula, said of Col. Bullock, "He was the best organized man I ever knew. His tem per and taste were perfect. His whole nature was genial, refined and gentle. . . . His mind was remarkable for its activity and brilliancy. His personal integrity, and devotion to prin ciple, duty and truth were very striking. He was a fine lawyer and an able advocate; and his high personal character, honorable nature, and irresistible wit and elegance made him a lawyer and statesman of as high promise as any man who ever lived in Alabama." Married: December, 1845, at Eufaula. Mary Julia Snipes, daughter of Capt. William Snipes, of South Carolina. Children: 1. Eliza M., in charge of the girls' high school, Montgomery; 2. Edward C, Jr., b. June 20, 1849, in Eufaula, attended Jesuit College, near Mobile, for several sessions, entered the drug house of Weedon & Dent at Eufaula in 1868; started a drug business of his own, 1877, in Eufaula, m. April 26, 1883, Eva Martin, daughter of John O. Martin, to which union have been born four children, E. C, Jr., Lela M., John M., and Clayton D.; 3. Sallie, m. I. R. Moulthrop, Eufaula; 4. Hattie, d. In infancy. Last residence: Eufaula. BULLOCK, WILLIAM ISBELL, lawyer and State senator, was born October 6, 1859, in Franklin County, and died January 11, 1904; son of Francis and Celia Catherine (Tompkins) Bullock, of that county; grandson of William and Harriet Tompkins, of Colbert County. Francis Bullock's ancestors were from Gran ville County, N. C. He was a Confederate sol dier, and fell at Perryville, Ky. Senator Bul lock was educated in the common schools; in 1880 was admitted to the bar at Russellville; in 1884 was elected a member of the general assembly; and served as State senator from the thirty-first district, 1900-01, and 1903; was 256 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY an unsuccessful candidate for representative of the seventh district in congress at the general election of 1896; has been a member of the Democratic State executive committee for many years, and at his death was a trustee of the State normal school, Florence. He was a Demo crat; and a Baptist. Married: (1), December 28, 1887, to Lelia, daughter of Judge Sydney S. and Dora (Cleere) Anderson, of Russellville; and (2) October 23, 1901, to Jean, daughter of George S. Henderson, of Tuscumbia. Last resi dence: Russellville. BUNKLEY, FRANK KEENE, planter and merchant, was born March 1, 1864, in Mont gomery County; son of Gordon Sanford and Lucinda Morris (Keene) Bunkley, the former a native of Clinton, Jones County, Ga., who lived on a plantation in Macon and Montgom ery counties, a prosperous planter of the old school and an owner of large numbers of slaves, who during the War of Secession was a producer of vast quantities of supplies for the support of the C. S. Army; grandson of William Dawson and Camilla Dorinda (San ford) Bunkley, who lived at Clinton, Jones County, Ga., and of Dr. Benjamin Franklin and Lucinda (Morris) Keene, the former a physician of Georgia who went to California in the forties, and became a member of the senate of that state; great-grandson of Jesse D. Bunkley, a soldier of the Revolution, and of Jesse Sanford who fought in the Revolu tionary War and was with Washington at the surrender of Yorktown; great-great-grandson of William Dawson and Elizabeth (Slatter) Bunkley. Mr. Bunkley was prepared in the public schools of Montgomery, then attended the State Normal School at Florence, and the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, 1882-1883. He became a planter and a merchant, and on March 5, 1901, was appointed by President Carmichael, with the approval of Gov. Sam- ford, warden of the state penitentiary at Wetumpka. This appointment was confirmed by Gov. Jelks. He is a Democrat; a Metho dist; and a Master Mason. Married: October 22, 1891, Hortense Candler, daughter of Ex-Gov. Allen D. and Eugenia (Williams) Candler, of Gainesville, Ga. She is a direct descendant of Col. Candler who fought in the American Revolution. Children: 1. Gordon Sanford; 2. Allen Candler; 3. Frank Keene; 4. William Dawson; 5. Sarah Hortense; 6. Lucy Keene; 7. Charles West- cott. Last residence: Wetumpka. BURFORD, JOHN, Sen., soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Jefferson County; private and sergeant N. C. Continental Line; enrolled on Novem ber 15, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $43.88. — Revolutionary Pen sion Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. BURGAMY, TILLMAN PEURIFOY, physi cian, was born January 14, 1833, in Eatonton, Putnam County, Ga., and died September 26, 1891, in Birmingham; son of John and Martha Davis (Peurifoy) Burgamy, of Houston County, Ga., who removed to Fayette County, Ga.; grandson of William and Margaret (Leggett) Burgamy of Putnam County, Ga., and of Wil liam and Mary Frances (Williams) Peurifoy, of North Carolina; great-grandson of William and Susan (Hawkins) Burgamy, the former, a native of France who fought in the American Revolution under Gen. Elijah Clarke, and of Lewis Leggett, who lived in Georgia, and of Thomas and Sallie Alicia Purefoy, sr., of Craven County, N. C, great-great-grandson of Rev. Nicholas Purefoy of Craven County, N. C, who emigrated to America after being perse cuted by the Church of England, 1741; great- great-great-grandson of Nicholas Purefoy, who removed from Virginia to North Carolina about 1700-07; great-great-great-great-grandson of Thomas Purefoy, jr., of Gloucester County, Va.; great-great-great-great-great-grandson of Cap tain Thomas Purefoy, the immigrant, who was very prominent in the Colonial history of Vir ginia, a member of the council, commissioner for Elizabeth City County, principal com mander of his county, and burgess for the lower part of the county, who came from Eng land in 1620, on the "George," and settled in Elizabeth City County, Va., and whose wife was Lucy Ranson of Leicestershire, England; great-great-great-great-great-great-grandson of Humphrie and Alice. (Faunt) Purefoy, and great-great-great-great-great-great-great grand son of Sir Nicholas Pewrifie, who subscribed to the Virginia company, his wife being Joice Hardwick. Dr. Burgamy was educated in the schools of his county by private tutors and in the high school of Forsyth, Ga.; studied med icine under his uncles, Drs. McCarroll Peurifoy of Forsyth and Dr. Archibald Peurifoy of Charleston, S. C; graduated from the Atlanta medical college in 1855 and did special work in surgery at Jefferson medical college, Phila delphia. He removed to Montgomery County, locating at Ramer, which was then called "Athens," and built a home there. He removed later to a plantation in Crenshaw County where he practiced his profession until his final removal to Birmingham, in 1877. He enlisted for service in the Confederate Army, as sur geon in a Georgia regiment; became incapaci tated for military duty by rheumatism, was dis charged from the army and resumed his prac tice. He was active in the early development of Birmingham, making large investments, when the future seemed doubtful. He was an "Old Line Whig," but, after 1865, voted the Democratic ticket. He was a Mason; and a Methodist. Married: August 18, 1862, in Lowndes County, to Sarah Medora, daughter of Rev. John Averette and Rachel (Sloan) Fon- ville, the former a native Baptist divine, and grandfather of Rev. Charles A. Stakeley (q. v.); of Montgomery. Children: 1. Ella Peur ifoy, m. Martin Cassity Reynolds; 2. Alma Gib son, unmarried; 3. Zuleika Theodosia, m. John Finley Gillespie; 4. Lillian Averette, m. Wil liam Martin Goldsmith; 5. Martha Edlena, m. Dr. Jefferson D. Gibson; 6. Fannie May, m. John Walker Patton, of Huntsville. Last resi dence: Birmingham. JAMES OSCAR PRUDE, Se. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 259 BURGAMY, WILLIAM THOMAS, physician, was born August 6, 1834, in Eatonton, Putnam County, Ga., and died September 9, 1905, in Rutledge, Crenshaw County; son of John and Martha Davis (Peurifoy) Burgamy of Houston, then Fayette County, Ga., and brother of Till man Purifoy Burgamy (q. v.). He was edu cated in the schools of Forsyth and studied medicine in the Atlanta medical college and in Philadelphia. About 1858, he removed to Ala bama, practiced for awhile with his brother, Dr. Tillman P. Burgamy, at Ramer, Mont gomery County, and located permanently, at Rutledge, Crenshaw County, where he prac ticed, until his death. He was a successful planter, and a member of the State and County medical societies. In 1861 he enlisted in Co. B, 13th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, as surgeon, and served in Virginia; later served with Hilliard's Legion, in the Tennessee Army. At the close of the war, he resumed his prac tice. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: (1) in 1860, to Sarah Clara Bellamy, daughter of John C. Bellamy, of South Caro lina, who removed to Jefferson County, Fla.; (2) November 13, 1889, in Butler County, to Mildred Presley, daughter of William Presley, of that county. Children: by the first wife: 1. Lula A., m. D. O. Shows; 2. Mollie, m. John Jeffcoat The second wife had no children, and at Dr. Burgamy's death, married a Mr. Jones, of Rutledge. Last residence: Rutledge. BURGESS, WILLIAM, member of the consti tutional convention, 1875, from Franklin Coun ty. BURGETT, JAMES R., jr., lawyer, tutor of English at the University of Alabama, 1883-84. Residence: Mobile. BURGETT, JAMES RALSTON, Presbyterian minister, was born April 6, 1830, at Olivesburg, Richmond County, O.; son of Joseph Rogers and Ann (Ralston) Burgett; grandson of George Burgett, a native of Holland. His fa ther was born in Pennsylvania and emigrated to Savannah, Ashland County, O., settled on a farm there, and died December, 1891, when he was ninety-one years old. His mother was a native of Ireland, who came with her mother to the United States in 1805, after her father's death in Ireland. She died in 1875. Rev. Burgett was prepared in the public schools of his neighborhood, and taught several years before attending college. He entered Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, and was graduated from that institution in 1853, taking first honors in oratory. After his graduation, he served for two years as superintendent of the public schools of Hamilton, O., and during that time devoted His leisure moments to the study of theology, in preparation for the ministry. In the fall of 1856, he entered the Western Theo logical Seminary of Allegheny City, Pa., and was graduated June 1857. He was licensed to preach the same year, and was ordained April 1858. His first charge was the Presbyterian church at Mansfield, O., and he held that po sition for two years, serving at the same time as president of a female college at Mansfield. ¦In November 1859, he was called to the pul pit of the Government Street Presbyterian church at Mobile; accepted the call; and was pastor there for more than thirty-five years. The church is the largest Presbyterian church in Mobile and is one of the strongest in the state. Married: (1) July 26, 1855, Martha A. Vance, of Washington County, Pa., who died December 17, 1856; (2) June 6, 1860, Sarah V. Wheeler, of Mobile. Children, by first mar riage: 1. a daughter, m. Rev. F. L. Ewing, of Covington, Tenn.; by second marriage, 2. James Ralston, jr., b. February 15, 1865, law yer, was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B. 1884, LL. B. 1887, A. M. 1894, m. December 30, 1890^ at Tuscaloosa, Maggie Roddey, resides at Mobile; 3. John Irwin, b. March 25, 1875, lawyer, was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B. 1894, LL. B. 1897, m. June 27, 1900, at Deerbrook, Miss., Nina Clay, resides at Mobile; and four other sons and one daughter. Last residence: Mo bile. BURKE, JOSEPH W., business man and pro moter who lived in Birmingham and Mobile. BURKE, JULIUS L., public official, was born March 24, 1850, at Rome, Ga.; son of Yancey and Sarah (Lindsay) Burke, natives of County Connaught, Ireland, and Scotland, respec tively, who moved to Georgia about 1834, and settled near Rome, Gordon County, living there until 1856 when they moved to Chero kee, now Etowah, County, where they remained for the rest of their lives. His father came to America in 1827, and settled near Lincolnton Court House, N. C. While he was in that place, he was connected with the charcoal and ironworks; at Rome, Ga., he was occupied with speculating and merchandising; and in Alabama he was a farmer and speculator in lands. Mr. Burke's maternal grandfather also settled first in North Carolina, where he was a farmer and a furnaceman, using the primi tive charcoal methods of that day to produce Iron. He received his early education in Georgia, and in 1863, when he was thirteen years old, succeeded in enlisting, after several unsuccessful attempts, in the C. S. Army. He became a private in Co. D, Nineteenth Ala bama infantry regiment, participated in sev eral engagements, was wounded at Chicka- mauga, and discharged December 1864. After the war, he continued his schooling at Adairs- ville, and in the state university at Athens, Ga. He became local editor of the "Daily," Rome, Ga., and subsequently worked on vari ous papers in Georgia. In 1870, he began to study law in the office of William M. Martin, of Gadsden, and established the "Etowah Shield." In 1872, he removed the paper to Guntersville, and two years later sold it to the Southern Immigrant Company. For a short time thereafter he was connected with the Nashville "Banner," and, after its con solidation with the "American," traveled a while in the Interest of that paper. He was admitted to the bar in 1876, but did not im mediately take up law practice, having ac cepted a position as secretary of the Decatur 260 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and Chattanooga Packet Company. In 1886; he took up active practice at Gunterville, and became associated with G. W. Jones. He rep resented Marshall County in the State legis lature one term. He is a Democrat, and has served as a delegate to party conventions sev eral times; is a member of the Christian Church; of the Mystic Circle of Philadelphia, Pa.; and of the Legion of Honor. He has served fourteen terms as mayor of Gunters ville, and is adjutant of the camp of Confed erate veterans at that place. Married: (1) March 1876, Mary C. Adams of Guntersville, daughter of James and Nancy (Fields) Adams; (2) in 1898, Mrs. Mattie Livingston, of Gads den. Children: 1. James, deceased; 2. Lilian; 3. Yancey, with the "Gadsden Times-News"; 4. Mamie, m. Elbert Simpson, Wyeth City; 5. Robert E.; 6. William; 7. Rupert; 8. George. Residence : Guntersville. BURKE, MALCOLM CLAYTON, editor, pub lic official, was born July 14, 1836, at Tusca loosa; son of Thomas Jefferson and Frances (Owen) Burke; grandson of Miles Burke. His father was born in Ireland, February 16, 1813, came to America and settled in Tuscaloosa as a lawyer. He served as a lieutenant in the U. S. Army during the Seminole War, became cashier of the state bank and editor of the "Tuscaloosa Monitor." He died November 24, 1857. Maj. Burke was graduated from the University of Alabama, and was an assistant professor on the faculty of that institution at the outbreak of the War of Secession. He en listed in the C. S. Army, December 1862, as a first lieutenant of artillery, was examined by the authorized board for ordnance duty, was commissioned and assigned to duty at Fort Morgan. In 1863, he was assigned to the staff of Gen. Cantey as ordnance officer; went with Cantey's brigade to Johnston's army in northern Georgia and served through that campaign as first lieutenant of ordnance and brigade ordnance officer. At the close of the war, Maj. Burke returned to Tuscaloosa County, farmed for one year; then moved to a farm in Marengo County for three years. In 1872, at Demopolis, he started the Marengo "News," erecting it upon the plant of an old and defunct paper. He conducted the "News" for twelve years and during the period of Re construction, established it as the opponent of radical rule. He was appointed superin tendent of education of Marengo County, 1872, held the office for eighteen months, and then resigned. He served as mayor of Demopolis from 1881 until 1884, and in the latter year was elected auditor of the state. He was re elected in 1886 and served until 1888. His connection with the Marengo "News" ceased upon his election to the auditorship. During his administration of the auditor's office, Maj. Burke received the notice of the leading press of almost every state in the Union. In 1884, the first year of his incum bency, the delinquent tax at the end of the tax xear amounted to but twenty-five hundred dollars, and at the end of the tax year for 1885, there was only due his office from the entire state, forty-nine dollars seventy-six cents. This fact was commented upon as be ing without precedent in the history of any state in the Union. The delinquent tax due the office when he took charge of it, aggre gated thirty thousand dollars, and in 1881, the books show that there was over one hun dred thousand dollars delinquent, with an average for the twenty years preceding his election, of fifty thousand dollars delinquent tax. On the expiration of his term as auditor, Maj. Burke became claim agent for the L. & N. railroad. Married: December 7, 1865, at Tuscaloosa, Annie Ida Inge, daughter of Rob ert S. and Agatha (Marr) Inge of Tuscaloosa. She died April 11, 1887. Children: one daugh ter and four sons, one of whom is Edward Clarke, b. September 9, 1874, a freight clerk of Montgomery, and another is Malcolm Clay ton, jr. (q. v.). Residence: Tuscaloosa. BURKE, MALCOLM CLAYTON, JR., educa tor, was born July 8, 1879, at Demopolis, Ma rengo County; son of Malcolm Clayton and Annie Ida (Inge) Burke (q. v.), of Tuscaloosa; grandson of Thomas and Sarah Frances (Owen) Burke, of Tuscaloosa, and of Robert S. and Agatha (Marr) Inge of that city. Prof. Burke was prepared in the public schools of Montgomery; was graduated from the Univer sity of Alabama, A. B., 1899; from Harvard ^University, A. B., 1901; and from the Uni versity of Munich, Ph.D., 1908. He became connected with the faculty of the University of Alabama in 1901; was instructor in Greek until 1904; adjunct professor in Greek, 1904- 1905; was granted a leave of absence from the university, and studied abroad, 1905-1908; was associate professor of Greek, 1908-1917; was granted leave of absence from the uni versity to enter the U. S. Army; was com missioned lieutenant and assigned to duty at Fort Oglethorpe, Ga., as an official translator and censor for the German detention camp at that point. After the close of the war with Germany, he resigned from the teaching force of the University, and entered the U. S. con sular service. He is author of "De Apolli- naris Sidonii Codice nondum tractate," 1908. Residence: Tuscaloosa, , BURKHEAD, JESSE DeWITT, Presbyterian minister, was born August 10, 1833, in Iredell County, N. C, and died April 18, 1892, at Montgomery; son of Jane E. (Hudson) Burk- head, who lived with her husband in Cabarus and Iredell Counties, N. C. His father was born in 1795 in Stanley County, N. C., and died in 1875. He received his early schooling in Iredell County, N. C, and at Poplar Grove academy; and was graduated from Davidson college, North Carolina, A. B., 1854. He taught in Mount Pleasant academy for the next two years; attended Columbia "theologi cal seminary, South Carolina, 1856-1858; then went to Edinburgh, Scotland, to complete his theological studies in the Free Church col lege. Upon his graduation from that institu tion, he returned to North Carolina, 1859, and was licensed by the Concord Presbytery. His first call was to Rocky River and Providence churches, in Abbeville County, S. C, where he was ordained and installed as pastor. Dur ing his pastorate there, the War of Secession DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 261 began, and he volunteered for service, enlist ing first as a private in the Nineteenth South Carolina regiment, C. S. Army. A few days after his enlistment he was appointed chaplain of the regiment. He saw service in North Carolina, Mississippi, Tennessee and Georgia. After the war, he was called successively to Decatur, Ga.; the First Church of Athens, Ga.; to the evangelistic work in Cherokee Presby tery; to the First Church of Huntsville; the First Church at Paris, Tex.; to the evangelis tic work in Eastern Texas Presbytery; and finally to the First Church of Montgomery, August 1885, where he remained as the settled pastor until his death. During his ministry, he received more than three thousand individ uals into the Presbyterian church; and while he was stationed at Montgomery, almost seven years, three hundred sixteen members were added to the church roll. He was a Democrat; a Mason; and a Knight of Honor. He was. author of "Theology for the Masses." Mar ried: 1858, in Anderson District, S. C, Olivia Louisia Anderson, daughter of Dr. William and Mary McEldowny (Hunter) Anderson, who lived at Pendleton, S. C; granddaughter of Capt. James Anderson, an officer of the Revo lutionary War, and of Thomas Hunter, who came to United States from County Tyrone, Ireland; great-granddaughter of John Ander son, one of the first justices of Augusta County, Va. She was of direct Irish descent. Chil dren: 1. Mary Florence, deceased, m. Malcolm Gilchrist, jr., of Courtland; 2. Rev. William DeWitt (q. v.); 3. Rockwell Giles, deceased; 4. Arthur Anderson, deceased. Last residence: Montgomery. BURKHEAD, WILLIAM DeWITT, Presbyte rian minister, was born June 16, 1861, in An derson County, S. C; son of Rev. Jesse De- Witt and Olivia Louisia (Anderson) Burkhead (q. v.). He attended The Ronald Johnson Pre paratory School at Cartersville, Ga., and Prof. Young's school at Huntsville; and was a stu dent at the University of Alabama, 1877-1879. He was a member of the engineering corps in Texas and Arkansas, 1880-1881; was a mer chant for three years in Atlanta, Ga., and for ten years In Montgomery; entered the Union Theological Seminary, Richmond, Va., as a di vinity student, and was graduated in the class of 1901. He entered the Presbyterian ministry in 1901, and was licensed to preach in Opelika by the East Alabama Presbytery, October, 1901. He was ordained by the Lexington Presbytery, Virginia, in 1903, and has held the pastorates at Mt. Horeb, Va., and Opelika. He was super intendent of home missions of East Alabama Presbytery for two years. He is a Democrat; a Mason; and an Elk. Married: June 27, 1890, in Montgomery, Annie Laurie Bell, daughter of Newton Joseph and Mary Ella (Whitley) Bell, who lived at Montgomery. Children: 1. Jesse DeWitt; 2. Eloise, Opelika; 3. Annabel; 4. Forrest Whitley. Last residence: Opelika. BURKS, HENRY THOMAS, farmer and legis lator, was born July 6, 1854, at Northport, Tus caloosa County; son of Bennett and Louisa Maria (Roycroft) Burks, the former removed from Ocmulgee River, Henry County, Ga., to Tuscaloosa County, and served in C. S. Army, was tax assessor and collector In that county; grandson of William and Parmelia (Walthall) Burks of Virginia, the grandfather of the lat ter held a land grant from the king of Eng land, on the James River, Virginia, and of Thomas and Elizabeth (Nicholls) Roycroft, of Wake County, N. C. The Burks family is Irish. He was educated in the schools of Tus caloosa; was justice of the peace, 1900-1904; chairman board of public works, 1906-1907; chairman of county commissioners, 1908-1918; elected to the house of representatives of 1919, from his native county. Mr. Burks is a farmer. He was a populist from 1896 to 1900; is now a Democrat; is a Baptist; Mason; and a Knight Templar. Married: Amanda Jerusha, daugh ter of Francis Marion and Sarah (Sartain) Auxford, of Tuscaloosa. Children: 1. Bennett Auxford, m. Kathleen Ward, served as a cap tain in the 317th U. S. infantry, A. E. F.; 2. Henry Thomas, jr., m. Erline Durrett, served as lieutenant, 321 Field artillery, A. E. F.; 3. Sarah Frances, m. Joseph S. Rice; 4. Basil Manly, served in U. S. Navy during European War. Residence: Tuscaloosa. » BURLESON, DABNEY A., merchant, was born February 15, 1835, near Decatur; son of Jonathon and Elizabeth (Byrd) Burleson; grandson of John Burleson, a pioneer from North Carolina, who settled at the Spring at Huntsville, 1817, helped drive the Indians from the country, and died in Lawrence County, and of William Byrd, a Baptist preacher. His fa ther was a native of Kentucky, a seasoned In dian fighter and a veteran of the War of 1812, who came to Alabama in 1818, and settled nine miles south of Decatur, where he remained until his death in 1867. He was a county com missioner; justice of the peace; and secretary of what has been called "the first legislature," a convention called by the citizens of that re gion to pass resolutions which partook of the nature of laws, for protection against horse thieves. Mr. Burleson was reared in Morgan County on his father's farm; was educated at Union University, Murfreesboro, Tenn., and at Baylor University, Independence, Tex. After his graduation he entered business as a mer chant at Danville. At the outbreak of the War of Secession, he enlisted in the C. S. Army as a member of Col. Joe Patterson's regiment; was stationed for some time at Grenada, Miss., in the quartermaster corps, but served mostly in the Tennessee Valley under Gen. P. Roddy. He was once captured, but escaped after a few hours, and was at Selma at the time of the surrender. After the war, he became a farmer at Hartselle. He is a Baptist and an Odd Fel low. Mr. Burleson is a half-brother of Aaron A. Burleson, the first white child born in Morgan County, who was a physician in De catur for many years, and is now located in Arkansas; and of Rufus C. Burleson, a Baptist preacher, who was president of Waco Univer sity, Waco, Tex. Married: February 11, 1857, 262 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Sallie Orr, daughter of Jonathan Orr, a farmer of Morgan County. Children: 1. Jonathan; 2. Kitty; 3. Betty; 4. Florence; 5. Ellen Byrd. Residence: Hartselle. BURLESON, RICHARD BYRD, Baptist min ister, was born near Decatur, and died Decem ber 21, 1879, at Waco, Tex.; son of Jonathan Burleson; brother of Rufus Burleson (q. v.). Dr. Burleson entered Nashville university, Tenn., 1840, and remained three years; was licensed to preach, 1841, by the first Baptist church of Nashville; called to ordination by the Athens church, November 1842, remaining two years; served Tuscumbia church, 1845-49; president, Moulton female academy, 1849-55; pastor, Austin, Tex., 1856-57; professor of nat ural science, Baylor university, Texas, 1857-61; vice-president and professor of natural science, Waco, Texas, 1861, where he labored for eight een years. Last residence: Waco, Tex. BURLESON, RUFUS, Baptist minister and educator, was born August 7, 1823, near Deca tur; son of Jonathan Burleson; brother of Richard Burleson (q. v.). Dr. Burleson, while a student of law at Nashville university, 1840, abandoned it to enter the ministry; was licensed to preach in Nashville, Tenn., Decem ber 12, 1840; ordained June 8, 1845; and gradu ated from Western Baptist literary and theo logical institute, Covington, Ky., June 10, 1847, He was immediately called to Houston, Tex., and in 1851 was elected president of Baylor university. In 1861, he with his brother, Dr. Richard Burleson, and the entire faculty asso ciated with him at Baylor university, removed to Waco where they inaugurated Waco univer sity. BURNETT, JOHN DONALD, lawyer, was born February 8, 1852, at Belleville, Conecuh County; son of John H. and Margaret (Donald) Burnett, the former a native of Georgia, born in 1818, came to Alabama with his parents the following year, became a planter owning a large tract of real estate and a number of slaves, died in 1861; grandson of Samuel Bur nett, born in Georgia in 1777, who came to Conecuh County and located at Hampden Ridge in 1819, was the first judge of the county court of Conecuh County and held the position for two consecutive terms, and of Alexander and Catherine (Simpson) Donald, natives of South Carolina, who moved to Alabama in 1820, and settled near Belleville, Conecuh County. The Burnett family is of Scotch-Irish ancestry. The early death of his father and the result of the War of Secession made it necessary for Mr. Burnett to leave school at the age of four teen, when he had received a common school education, and assume the support of his moth er's family. He farmed for four years, and by rigid economy, had saved means for the purpose of a college course, when an unfor tunate investment in the timber and mercan tile business swept away his capital in a few months, leaving him deeply in debt. He con tinued in the timber business, performing the hardest and most laborious manual labor, driv ing oxen, cutting, rafting and running timber to market, and pursued the study of law at night by pine knot fires, until his twenty-third year. Then having discharged every obligation, he applied himself entirely to his professional studies, and was admitted to the bar Septem ber 8, 1875. He located at Evergreen, Conecuh County, and a year later became associated in the practice with Hon. N. Stallworth, which partnership is still in existence. Mr. Burnett acted as county solicitor, 1877-1880; was elected to represent Conecuh County in the State legislature, 1882; was re-elected 1884, and re signed the office in 1885, to accept the appoint ment of U. S. district attorney for the south ern district of Alabama. This appointment gained for Mr. Burnett national notoriety from the fact that it was made President Cleveland's test case in a long and heated contest with the U. S. Senate. In July, after his inaugura tion, President Cleveland removed from the . office, George M. Duskin, a Republican, before ' the expiration of his term, and upon the as sembling of the senate, the Republican mem bers of that body demanded the president's reasons for the removal. These, President Cleveland refused to make known, and as a consequence, Mr. Burnett's confirmation was vigorously opposed by the Republican senators of whom there was a majority. A partisan contest between the president and the senate followed, lasting for six or seven months, and eventually terminating in Mr. Burnett's con firmation. He had served as Democratic presi dential elector in 1896, from the second dis trict of Alabama, and was chosen again in 1900. He was elected March 23, 1901, a delegate from the state at large from the seventeenth sena torial district to the constitutional convention held at Montgomery, May 1901. He is a Demo crat, a Methodist, a Mason, a Knight of Py thias, and a Knight of Honor. Married: June 29, 1876, in Evergreen, Mary V. Martin, daugh ter of Gen. E. W. Martin. Children: 1. Mary V.; 2. John Donald, jr., b. February 6, 1880, a corporal in the Second Alabama regiment of volunteers during the Spanish War, 1898, at tended the U. S. Military Academy; 3. Daisy Martin. Residence : Evergreen. BURNETT, JOHN LAWSON, lawyer, rep resentative in congress, was born January 20, 1853, at Cedar Bluff, Cherokee County, and died May 13, 1919; son of William Edward Jacob and Mary N. Ala., but re moved to Kansas during the slavery agitation there, being appointed United States judge in that state; subsequently practiced in St. Louis, Mo., where he died about 1867. Last residence: Barbour County, Ala. CATTERLIN, S. E„ member of the constitu tional convention of 1861, from Choctaw County. CAULK, JACOB, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 85, resided in Madison County, June 1, 1840, with John H. Webster. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. CAWTHON, ALEXANDER W., druggist, was born January 2, 1841, in Eutaw, Greene County, Ala., a son of W. T. and Sarah (Camp) Caw- thon, natives of Georgia and North Carolina, respectively; and accompanied his parents on their removal to Whistler, Ala., where the father engaged in business as an architect and merchant for some years, but later lived re tired at Stonewall, Miss. ' Alexander W. Caw- thon was educated at Barton Academy, Mobile, and when sixteen years of age began clerking in his brother's drug store in that city, remain ing there until he entered the C. S.'Army. In 1861 he enlisted in Woodruff's Rifles — the Twenty-first Alabama regiment, but owing to his superior knowledge of the drug business he was soon afterward appointed hospital stew ard and served as such until the close ot the war. In 1865 he became identified with the drug business in Selma, as a member of the firm of Cawthon & McVoy, and later as a mem ber of the firm of Cawthon & Coleman, con ducting one of the largest drug stores in the state. He was also a director of the Selma Land, Improvement & Furnace Company and a very public spirited and progressive business man. Married: in April, 1867, to Laura J. Keith, daughter of Thomas A. and Adelaide Keith, of Winchester, Tenn. Children: 1. Marshall O; 2. Carrie L.; 3. Alexander K.; DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 309 4. Sadie M., and 5. Frank F. Residence: Selma, Ala. CAYCE, STEWART W., lieutenant colonel, 21st Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; lieutenant colonel, 1st Mobile volunteers, local defense troops. Deceased. Last residence: Mobile. CERTAIN, CASPAR CARL, teacher; gradu ated at the Alabama polytechnic institute, with the degree of B. S., 1906, and E. E., 1907. Resi dence: Birmingham. CHADICK, WILLIAM DAVIDSON, Cumber land Presbyterian minister, was born January 22, 1817, in Overton County, Tenn., and died September 4, 1878, in McMinnville, Tenn.; son of Charles and Elizabeth (Crutchlow) Chadick, who removed from Tennessee to Jackson County, Ala., when he was quite young, about 1820, settling seven miles west of Scottsboro. In tie family were five sons, all of whom be came ministers, and five daughters: James, a Methodist; William D., Stakeley and Isaac, all Cumberland Presbyterians; Albert, a Meth odist; Senia, m. John Coulson, both d. in Jack son County; Delia, m. Claiborn Carr, both d. in Jackson County; Patsey, m. Frank Skelton, both d. in Texas; Miriam, m. Calvin Weaver and d. in Madison County, Ala.; and Ann, m. a Mr. Wilson and d. in the west. The sons are also deceased. Rev. William D. Chadick received his early education in the country schools of Jackson County and studied theology under Drs. Feem- ster, Matthew Bone, Robert Donnel, Hiram Hunter and Robert Frasier, after which he was licensed to preach. He was not only a minister of the gospel but was also editor of the Ban ner of Peace, at that time the organ of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. He was a Democrat and a Royal Arch Mason. At the age of nineteen years he enlisted and served in the Creek war; during the War of Secession he was made chaplain of the Fourth Alabama regiment with the rank of captain; was pro moted to lieutenant colonel; was later on the staff of Gov. Shorter; and raised a battalion, being known as the "fighting parson." He was in the battles of Shiloh and Manassas be sides many smaller engagements and was much beloved by his men; and never lost sight of his duties as a Christian and the high and saored position he held as a minister of the gospel. Married: (1) in December, 1841, at Fayetteville, Tenn., to Malinda Porterfield Davis, daughter of Dr. William and Susan (Morgan) Davis, of Belief onte, Jackson County, Ala., whose ancestors were among the repre sentative pioneer families of Tennessee and Kentucky; (2) in 1850 at Lebanon, Tenn., to Mary lone Cook, daughter of David and Mary Cook. Mr. Cook was a manufacturer of cot ton goods. Children: 1. Susan Elizabeth, m. Samuel W. Fordyce, who lives in St. Louis, Mo., and Hot Springs, Ark.; 2. lone, deceased; 3. Charles William, deceased; 4. Edwin Davis, resident of New York; children by second mar riage: 5. George Colburn, resident of Texas; 6. Clara Stockton, deceased; 7. David Cook, deceased; 8. Mary Colburn, deceased. Last residence: McMinnville, Tenn. CHADWICK, JOHN SHELBY, Methodist minister and editor, was born May 15, 1871, at Greensboro; son of Shelby Wayne and Margaret (Camak) Chadwick (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of Greensboro; gradu ated A. B., Southern university, 1889, A. M. 1891; Vanderbilt university, Nashville, Tenn., 1891-2. He entered the Alabama conference M. E. church, South 1892, and has served the following charges, Pensacola, Fla., Fayette ville, Childersburg, and Jasper; editor "Ala bama Christian Advocate," Birmingham, March 1907 to September 1910; assistant editor "Christian Advocate," Nashville, September 1910, to date. He is a member of the board of trustees of Birmingham Southern, and director of the Alabama Methodist orphanage. He is a Mason; and a member of the Alpha Tau Omega college fraternity. Married: January 25, 1899, to Sara Lou Rowe, of Dadeville. Residence: Nashville. CHADWICK, SHELBY W., public official, was born September 26, 1842, In Hale, then Greene, County; son of Shelby W. and Mary A. (Meredith) Chadwick, the former a native of Greenup County, Ky., who came to Alabama in 1832, located in Greensboro, conducted a mercantile business for several years, was a volunteer in the Creek Indian War, was mar ried in 1839, and died in 1854, the latter a native of Madison County, was reared in Sum ter County, became the mother of four sons and died in 1868; grandson of John Chadwick, an Englishman, a farmer, who emigrated to Kentucky in colonial times, and was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, and of Elisha W. and Sarah Bowling (Cabell) Meredith, both members of prominent families in Virginia. He was reared in Greensboro, and was a stu dent at Southern University at the outbreak of the War of Secession. He entered the Greensboro Guards, and served with them throughout the war, being taken prisoner with part of his regiment, April 2, 1865, and held until the close of hostilities. He returned to his home in Greensboro, served as a clerk for a number of years, then entered the mercan tile business on his own account. He remained in that business until 1879, at which time he entered the insurance business. In 1886 he began a private exchange and collection busi ness in Greensboro, in addition to his insur ance duties. He was elected county treasurer of Hale County in 1880, and by successive elections, held that position for twelve years. He has also served as councilman and treasurer of Greensboro. For twenty years, he was stew ard and recording secretary of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, at Greensboro, and for many years was superintendent of the Sun day school. He has been secretary of the Southern University; is a Master Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: in 1855, Jane Cammack, a native of Hale County. Children: six, the eldest of whom is John Chadwick (q. v.). Residence: Greensboro. 310 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY CHAFFEE, FRANK PHILIP, business man, was born March 18, 1860, in Washington, D. C; son of William E. and Lydia Ann (Wood) Chaf fee. The father was a native of Portage, Wayne County, N. Y., but spent most of his life in Washington, D. C, where he engaged in the retail shoe business and later in general con tracting. He served in the U. S. Army during the War of Secession and his ancestors had taken part in every war in this country from early colonial times. He was a son of Edwin Chaffee, of Portage, N. Y.; and his wife was a daughter of Ferdinand and Ann R. (Carroll) Wood, of St. Charles County, Md. Frank P. Chaffee attended the public and high schools of Washington, D. C; St. Mary's Academy at the same place; and the Military Academy of Signal Service at Fort Myer, Va., this being supplemented by private tuition and private courses in meteorology and electrical energy. He served as private, corporal and sergeant in the Signal Service, U. S. Army, March 1, 1879-June 30, 1891; observer for the Weather Bureau, U. S. Department of Agriculture, July 1, 1891-November 1, 1893; local forecast offi cial, same service, from the latter date to June 30, 1901; and section director of the Alabama section for several years; was also park com missioner of Montgomery for some years, dat ing from January 1, 1905. He has written numerous short stories for magazines and articles on meteorology and lectured on that and kindred subjects. He is a member of the Episcopal church; a director of St. John's chapter, Brotherhood of St Andrew, Mont gomery, two years; is a Mason and was worthy master of Montgomery Lodge, No. 11, A. F. & A. M., 1901-2; and patron of Elizabeth Arm strong Chapter, O. E. S., Montgomery, two years; was a director of the Commercial Club, Montgomery, seven years, and also first vice president; and was secretary of the Alabama Agricultural Association and managed its fair at Montgomery in October, 1908. Married: Decem ber 26, 1880, at Beaufort, N. O, to Hannah D. von Lowenberg, daughter of Charles and Lucy Stringer (Duffy) von Lowenberg, of Newbern, N. C; and a grand-daughter of Aaron von Low enberg, who came from Westphalia, Germany; and Charles Duffy, from Ireland, and his wife, Elizabeth (Stringer) Duffy, from England. Children: 1. Lucy Edna; 2. Lillian May; 3. Mar guerite Wood, and 4. Helen Disney. Residence: Birmingham. CHAMBERLAIN, BARTLETT BEARDSLEE, lawyer, was born November 20, 1883; son of Edgar Thomas and Huldah J. (Beardslee) Chamberlain, of Mobile. He received his early education at Barton academy, Mobile, and was graduated from the law department of the University of Alabama, LL. B., 1906. He opened a law office in Mobile, and has con tinued the practice of his profession at that place. He was elected to the State legisla ture in 1911 on the Democratic ticket. Resi dence : Mobile. CHAMBERLAIN, HENRY, lawyer, was born in 1806, in Maine, and died August 11, 1870, in Bailey Springs, Ala.; son of Henry V. Cham berlain, who in 1816 brought his family to Mobile, Ala., and later served as sheriff and judge of the county court of Mobile County. Henry Chamberlain was well educated and suc cessfully engaged in the practice of law after reaching manhood. He represented Mobile County in the state legislature in 1832, 1833 and 1857; was mayor of Mobile in 1839; judge of the city court in 1846 and again from 1860 to 1868. Married: a Miss Chamberlain, of Maine, and many of his descendants still re side in Mobile. Last residence: Mobile. CHAMBERS, HENRY H., physician, was born October 1, 1790, in Lunenburg County, Va., and died January 24, 1826, in the same county while on his way to Washington, D. C, to take his seat in the United States senate; a brother of Judge Edward Chambers. He was a well educated man and after his removal to Alabama in 1812 engaged in the practice of medicine at Madison. He served as surgeon on the staff of Gen. Jackson during the Indian wars; was a member of the state constitu tional convention in 1819; and represented his district in the lower house of the legislature in 1820. He was defeated for governor by Hon. Israel Pickens in 1821 and 1823; was a presidential elector on the Jackson ticket in 1824; and the following winter was elected to the United States senate for a term of six years but died on his way to the capital. His death was much regretted for he was a man of irreproachable morals and an eminent physician. His talents were of a high order, his oratory chaste and his bearing dignified and earnest. He was over six feet high, some what spare, with dark eyes and sallow com plexion. Alabama has preserved his memory by naming a county in his honor. Married: a Miss Smith, of Tennessee. One of his two sons, Hon. Henry C. Chambers, represented Mississippi in the Confederate congress and became a distinguished orator and citizen of that state; and his daughter married a son of Gov. Thomas Bibb. Last residence: Madi son, Ala. CHAMBERS, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer, was born October 17, 1826, at Eatonton, Put nam County, Ga., and died July 5, 1881, at Auburn, Ala.; son of James McCoy and Martha Jones (Alexander) Chambers, the former also a native of Putnam County, Ga., who lived at Eatonton until 1839, and then removed to Columbus, Ga. The father was a man of broad learning, high culture, strikingly handsome in person and filled positions of great use fulness in the state, in society and in the church. For many years he was associate editor of the Soil of the South, a leading ag ricultural journal, and before the War of Seces sion was a constant contributor to Harper's Magazine and other leading periodicals. He was a son of Henry and Mary Chambers, the former migrating from Virginia to Georgia about the time of the Revolutionary war. His ancestors came from England and were im mediately related to the distinguished family to which Sir William and Sir Robert Chambers, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 311 conspicuous in political and literary history of England, belong. The town of Chambers- burg, Pa., was settled by three brothers, one of whom later went to Virginia and from that brother the Georgia and Alabama Chambers families are descended. William Henry Cham bers' maternal grandparents were William and Elizabeth Alexander, who lived in Putnam County, Ga., and for many years before their deaths in Russell County, Ala. The Alexander ancestors came from Ireland some years be fore the Revolutionary war and were recipients of magnificent royal favors in Virginia grants of land. The city of Alexandria, Va., received its name from that family. William Henry Chambers received his early education in the common schools of Eatonton, Ga., and the Manual Labor School at Covington, Ga. He was graduated at Emory College, Ox ford, Ga., in 1845, receiving the A. B. degree and taking first honors in his class; later he • attended the Law School of Harvard Univer sity, Cambridge, Mass., graduating there with distinction in 1847. He immediately began the practice of law in Columbus, Ga., and rapidly rose to a high position in his profession. In 1854 he removed to Eufaula, Barbour County, Ala., and became associated in practice with Gov. John Gill Shorter and Col. Eli Shorter, under the firm name of Shorter, Chambers & Shorter, which had a large and lucrative prac tice until the War of Secession called them into different fields of service of the Confed erate government. After only a few years' residence in Barbour County he was elected to the state legislature, serving in 1859 and 1863. He was a life long Democrat and always active in promoting the party's welfare. After the War of Secession, upon retiring to his plantation in Russell County, he was elected to the state senate from the district then com posed of Russell and Lee Counties. At the first call for volunteers he raised a company, "The Pioneer Guards," of which he was commis sioned captain, at Eufaula, and promptly left for the front. Due to the loss of an eye he had to retire from the active service. He was a Mason; an Odd Fellow; and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South; always identified with its movements, serving in the capacity of steward, trustee and Sunday school superintendent and many times a delegate to annual and general conferences. Mr. Chambers was one of the most polished scholars of his day in the state. While not the author of books, he was a constant contributor to papers and periodicals. During the first three years of his practice in Columbus, Ga., he was editor of The Sun, an aggressive Demo cratic paper in the midst of a Whig constitu ency. For several years during his residence in Eufaula, Ala., he was editorial contributor to the Eufaula Times, and for many years while residing on his estate in Russell County was editor in chief of the Southern Cultivator, published in Montgomery County. For the last few years of his life he was professor of English literature and agriculture in the Ala bama polytechnic institute at Auburn. He was a safe, conservative, conscientious counselor, an orator of force and eloquence, a lawyer of conspicuous ability and success at the bar, an earnest and ever active Christian, a gentle man of the highest refinement, in all the do mestic and family relationships a perfect type, a man without guile. Married: May 19, 1847, to Anne Lane Flewellen, a daughter of Dr. Abner Holloway Flewellen, who was of Welsh parentage and lived in Columbus, Ga., was a well educated man of broad culture and at tained a high position in his profession. Chil dren: 1. James Henry, of Atlanta, Ga., m. Mary Flournoy Abercrombie; 2. William Lea, of Washington, D. C, m. Laura Ligon Clop ton; 3. Porter Flewellen, of New York city, m. Alice Ely; 4. Martha Alexander, of At lanta, Ga., m. William Henry Alexander; 5. Robert Jones, of Montgomery, Ala., m. Ella Peet; 6. John Barbour, of St. Louis, Mo., m. Byrd Baker. Last residence: Auburn, Ala. i CHAMBERS, WILLIAM LEA, lawyer, was born March 4, 1852, in Columbus, Muscogee County, Ga.; a son of William Henry and Anna Lane (Flewellen) Chambers (q. v.), who in 1854 removed to Eufaula, Ala., where he began his education, his first teachers being a Miss Sinkfield; followed by his uncle, Robert Alex ander Chambers, who was killed in the battle of Rome, Ga.; Prof. Patterson; and Capt. S. H. Dent. He attended Emory College, Oxford, Ga., 1869-71, leaving a few months before graduation to teach school; subsequently he received the degree of A. B.; and the honorary degree of LL. D. in 1909. His legal education was acquired in the office of Stone & Clopton at Montgomery, both of whom served on the supreme court bench. Mr. Chambers began practice in Montgomery, in November, 1873, and continued there until May, 1888, as a member of the firm of Clop ton, Herbert & Chambers; then removed to Sheffield. In the meantime he had served as cashier and president of the First National Bank of Montgomery; was instrumental in organizing the Montgomery Land & Improve ment Company, of which he was vice president; and became president of the company which founded Sheffield, which has become the second city in the south in iron production. Since then he has engaged in the practice of law in Washington, D. C. He was a member of the commission appointed by the United States, England and Germany to settle the trouble in Samoa in 1893 ancT in 1897 was chosen by the U. S. government as chief jus tice of Samoa; in 1901 was appointed a mem ber of the Spanish treaty commission; and later was chairman of the arbitration board to settle the controversy between the labor brotherhoods and railroads. He has always supported the Democratic party and was sec retary of the state Democratic committee in two campaigns; is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South; was chairman of the board of stewards of Court Street church, Mont gomery, and of Mount Vernon Place church, Washington, D. C; and is a member of the Chi Phi college fraternity and the Knights of Pythias. He has frequently contributed arti cles to newspapers and magazines; and throughout life has been in some way identified 312 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY with educational, social and religious move ments; was a teacher for several years before entering upon the practice of law; was chair man of the board of education of Montgomery for several years; a member of the Society for Promotion of Religious Education, Wash ington, D. C; regent of Fairmont Seminary; a member of the National Geographic Society and American Institute of Archaeology. Married: October 27, 1873, in Montgomery to Laura Ligon Clopton, daughter of David and Martha (Ligon) Clopton, who lived at Tuskegee and later Montgomery. Mr. Clopton was a member of the U. S. congress prior to the War of Secession; enlisted as a private in the C. S. Army; and was a member of the Confederate congress at the time of Lee's sur render. Children: 1. Anne Laura, m. in 1900 Benjamin Palmer Carter, of New Orleans, a distinguished mining engineer and general manager of the greatest gold producing mine in the world at Johannesburg, Transvaal, South Africa; 2. David Clopton, m. Elizabeth McLean, of Tuscumbia, and is a successful farmer of Montgomery County, Md., having resigned a lucrative position in the department of jus tice; 3. William Henry, associated with his brother in the conduct of Bon Acre Farm, of which dairying is the principal feature; 4. Louise L., living with her parents at their country home near Washington, D. C. Resi dence: Washington, D. C. CHAMBLISS, ALEXANDER WILES, Bap tist minister, was born near Cheraw, S. C, July 4, 1812, and died in Montgomery City, Mo., in 1893; son of John and Catherine (Will iams) Chambliss, the former a native of South Carolina, who removed to Alabama and set tled in Montgomery County. John Chambliss, the father, married (2) Mrs. Sarah Price and had two daughters, and (3) Mrs. McColough. His first wife, Catherine, had a brother, John C. Williams. Dr. Chambliss attended the Southern theological seminary, Greenville, S. C, and later received the degree of D. D., from this institution. He served churches in Ma rion, and in Mississippi, Georgia and Missouri. He was the author of a Baptist catechism and wrote many pamphlets and criticisms. Mar ried: 1. August 5, 1834, to Rebecca Ann, daugh ter of Joseph and Elizabeth Farr (Ellerbe) Ellerbe, of Cheraw, S. C; 2. Ann Elizabeth (Bishop) Ellerbe, widow of his first wife's brother. Children: 1. Williams Ellerbe, m. Louisa Jones; 2. Hannah Elizabeth, m. (1) William Douglas Roy, and (2) Lewis Gray; 3. John Alexander, b. at Rome, Ga., August 30, 1830, m. Anna Mauldin, student at Howard College, Marvin, Georgetown College, Ky., and Southern Baptist theological seminary, Green ville, S. O, pastor Sumter, S. C, chaplain C. S. Army; pastor 1866, Aiken, S. C., and- Rich mond, Va., 1867-70, taught in Richmond, Va., 1871 and pastor Citadel Square church, Charles ton, S. C; 4. Joseph Ellerbe, b. February 10, 1843, at Wetumpka, d. January 9, 1916, at Stoutland, Mo., m. January 17, 1865, at Rome, Ga., to Laviece, daughter of David S. and Frances Jane Thomas (Beckham) Gwin, of Madison Court House, Va., and had ten chil dren, one of whom, Rev. Thomas W. Cham bliss, m. Mamie Beall Cottingham, and resides at Shelby, N. C; author of "Life of Livingston" and many denominational leaflets and tracts; 5. Rebecca Ann, m. J. W. Luke; 6. Thomas El lerbe, d. in infancy; 7. Catherine Adele, m. (1) John G. Donuhue, and (2) John P. Royal; 8. Charles Mallory, resides in Montana. Last residence: Montgomery City, Mo. CHAMBLISS, J. A., Baptist minister, was born August 30, 1840, in Athens, Ga. ; son of Rev. Dr. A. W. Chambliss, also a Baptist minister and teacher. Dr. J. A. Chambliss began his education in the preparatory de partment of Howard college, Marion; spent two years at Georgetown college, Kentucky; returned to Howard college, 1858, and grad uated with first honor in 1859; entered Southern Baptist theological seminary, Green ville, S. C, and was the first graduate. May, 1861. He began his service at Sumter,' S. C, but the war coming on he accepted a chaplaincy in the Confederate Army. He served in Aiken, S. O, 1866, Richmond, Va., 1867; taught a classical school in Richmond for one year; and accepted a call to Citadel square church, Charleston, S. C, 1872. CHAMBLISS, N. R., professor of mathematics at the University of Alabama, 1869-70. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. CHAMPION, IRA TRIMBLE, Recording Sec retary, Governor's Office, was born November 9, 1869, at Troy, Pike County; son of Frank Douglas and Delilah Ann (Enzor) Champion, the former born December 26, 1841, at Sunnyside, Spalding County, Ga., and a member of the Quitman guards, later a member Co. I, Fifteenth Alabama Infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and mustered into the service at Fort Mitchell, the latter of Troy ; grandson of William Clayton and Harriet (Belcher) Champion, of Sunnyside, Ga., and of Josiah Nash and Catherine Ann Enzor, Troy, Ala; great-grandson of Abner and Francis (Pounds) Champion, of England. His maternal grandparents were from Scotland. Josiah Enzor served in the Indian War of 1836, was an early settler in Pike County, and one of the founders of Union Hill Methodist Protestant Church. Mr. Champion was educated in the rural schools of his County, the Troy boys high school, and was graduated from the State normal college, at Troy, B. Ph., 1891. He is a journalist by profession, having begun service on the "Primitive Pathway"; later was con nected with the "Troy Messenger"; still later with the "Citizen Journal," and during recent years has been engaged in editorial and pub licity work. He was a charter member of Co. H., Troy Rifles, second regiment, Alabama State Troops. Later he was captain on the staff of Gen. J. B. Stanley, a member of Governor Wm. C. Oates' official staff. He is a Democrat, and served as secretary of the State Executive Committee, 1918. He is secretary of the Ala bama Conference of the Methodist Protestant Church, and has been a member of every gen eral conference since 1896. Me is a Mason; Knight of Pythias; and a member of D. O. K. HARRY T. HARTWELL DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 315 K. Married: November 1, 1904, to Pearl, the daughter of John C. and Emily (Mitchell) Han son, of Opelika; granddaughter of John C. and Nancy Hanson, of Virginia, and of William Mit- tan and Elizabeth (Taylor) Mitchell. Mrs. Champion died five months after the marriage. Residence : Montgomery. CHANCELLOR, JERRY, soldier of the American Revolution, was born in England, died in Autauga County, and is buried at Pine Level Methodist church. At sixteen he came to Virginia with his father and two brothers, William and Jackson Chancellor. Later the father, William and Jerry located in South Carolina. This was during the War of the Revolution, and when it became necessary to enter the conflict, the father espoused the cause of the king, while the sons joined the patriots. His command is not known. The war over he remained in South Carolina until 1818, when he brought a colony to Alabama and settled on the Autauga side of the Ala bama River, where he remained until his death. Memorial Record of Alabama, vol. 2, p. 895, and Alabama Historical Society, Trans actions, vol. 4, p. 535. He was a Baptist. Married: Galatea Gilbert. Children: among others, 1. William, m. Nancy Truit, parents of William S. Chancellor, of Childersburg, Coosa County, former merchant and Confederate sol dier, m. (1) Louisa, daughter of William and Mary (Tatum) Bridges, and had five children; and (2) Mrs. Elizabeth J. (Caruthers) Kelly, daughter of William and Mary (McCulla) Caruthers, of Virginia. Last residence: Au tauga County. CHANDLER, DANIEL,' lawyer, was born December 13, 1805, in Warrenton, Ga., and died in New Orleans, La., October 26, 1866. He was graduated from Franklin College with first honors and read law under Judge Tucker at Winchester, Va. In early manhood he be came a resident of Mobile, Ala., where he en gaged in the practice of his profession for many years. In 1831 he was elected by the legislature solicitor general of the north cir cuit and in 1843 represented his county in the general assembly but always declined other official honors. For some years he was in partnership with his brother-in-law, Hon. John A. Campbell and later with Hon R. H. Smith. In 1835 he delivered an address on Female Education before the Demos- thenian and Phi Kappa Societies of the Uni versity of Georgia, which was so greatly ap preciated that he was requested to furnish a copy for publication in . pamphlet form. It was widely circulated and through its inspira tion the first "female college" sprung into existence, for in the year 1836 the legislature of Georgia incorporated the Wesleyan Female College at Macon, Ga., which was the pioneer of all institutions of its class — the acknowl edged fruit of Mr. Chandler's discourse. He was a Democrat and an earnest Christian gen tleman, who manifested a warm interest in all matters affecting the common weal. He was learned in the law and eloquent at the Vol. Ill— 21 bar, always drawing a large crowd when he was to address the jury in some case where his powers of eloquence and the beauties of imagination could be fully displayed. In his social relations and as a member of the Pres byterian church his influence was most bene ficially exercised. His son, Capt. John L. Chandler was on the staff of Gen. Clanton dur ing the War of Secession. Last residence: Mobile, Ala. CHANDLER, JOHN, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 89, resided in Benton County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 14,8. CHANDRON, JULIUS de le G., French colo nist of Marengo County, was born in 1799, in Philadelphia, Pa., and died March 4, 1877, at Marion Junction; son of Jean Simon Chandron, a promoter of the colony. He was the last sur vivor of the "Vine and olive colony," of Marengo, which was settled in 1819, by French refugees, under grants of land from the U. S. govern ment. He removed to Mobile in later years and although the mass of their fortune was ex pended in the effort to clear and cultivate the lands, out of which they were twice dispos sessed, he retained sufficient means for the comforts of age. The family, which was sprung from Jean Simon and his son Julius, have im pressed their worth as citizens on many com munities of the Southern States and on New York City. Married: to Adelaide de Vandel, of the "Vine and olive colony." Children: 1. J. G., lived at Talladega; 2. Louis de Vandel; 3. a daughter, who married Dr. John F. Blevins, of Marion Junction. Last residence: Mobile. CHAPMAN, BENJAMIN SIDNEY, physician, was born October 20, 1869, in Montgomery; son of Benjamin Donaldson and Sidney M. (San derson) Chapman, early settlers of Montgom ery County. He was educated in the schools of Montgomery; at the University of Alabama; student of medicine, graduating M. D. from University of the City of New York, 1892; county physician, 1895-96; and since engaged in private practice. He is -a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: June 26, 1895, in Mont gomery, to Mary Alice, daughter of Frank, sr., and Alice (Barton) Browder, formerly of Bowling Green, Ky., and now of Montgomery. Residence: Montgomery. CHAPMAN, DAVID AUGUSTINE, merchant, was born in Grove Hill; son of John Chap man (q. v.) ; grandson of Elijah Chapman, sr. (q. v.), of Clarke County. He was educated in the institutions of Grove Hill; engaged in mercantile business; after years of success as a merchant, he retired to the old family plantation, where he became an extensive farmer. He was a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: to Maria Lillie Woodward, of Grove Hill. Last residence: Grove Hill. CHAPMAN, ELIJAH, planter and pioneer settler, was born about 1779, in South Caro lina, and die<* >n Clarke County, about 1827. 316 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY He came to Alabama, after the close of the War of 1812, and acquired lands near Grove Hill, where his brothers, Joseph (q. v.) and William Chapman, were already established. He engaged extensively in planting; in estab lishing Grove Hill and spreading civilization on the frontier. He was a Whig; and a Meth odist. His wife, name unknown, made a jour ney on horseback, back to South Carolina, in 1828-29, through the Indian Country, alone; this was after her husband's death. Children: 1. John (q. v.); 2. Giles; 3. Joshua; 4. Frank; 5. Polly, m. Cox, of Louisiana; 6. Celia, m. Daniels; 7. Nancy, m. Cox; 8. Elizabeth, m. Smith, of Texas. Last resi dence: Grove Hill. CHAPMAN, FRANK ELIJAH, teacher, was professor at the Southern university, from which he received the degree of A. B., in 1902. In 1907 he received the degree of A.M., from Vanderbilt university and became fellow and assistant in mathematics at that institution, 1906-07. During the latter year be again be came professor of mathematics in the Southern university. CHAPMAN, GEORGE CLARENCE, physi cian, annual orator Medical association of Ala bama, 1899; graduate of Vanderbilt university, 1890, and commenced the practice in Monroe County that year. He was killed by a tornado, March 29, 1901. Last residence: Birmingham. CHAPMAN, GROSS SCRUGGS, physician, graduated in the medical department of the University of Alabama, Mobile, 1879, and com menced the practice in 1884. Residence: Jack son. CHAPMAN, JESSE P., Methodist minister, was born near Grove Hill; son of Giles Chap man; grandson of Elijah Chapman (q. v.). He was educated in the institutions of his com munity; studied for the ministry and licensed as a Methodist preacher. He filled many pas torates, and at one time was located on his plantation, five miles east of. Grove Hill. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: to Frances Fluker, of the Coffeeville family, pioneer settlers. Children: 1. Dr. Gross S. Chapman, physician of Grove Hill. Last resi dence: plantation, near Grove Hill. CHAPMAN, JOHN, planter, was born about 1829, at Grove Hill, Clarke County; son of Eli jah, sr. (q. v.). He was educated in the Grove Hill academy; and engaged in extensive plant ing and business pursuits. Children: 1. Amos, Confederate soldier, who died in the service; 2. Elijah, m. Carrie Stewart; 3. David Augus tine (q. v.), m. Lillie Woodward; 4. Matilda, m. Henry Waite; 5. Achsah, m. George Ford; 6. Elizabeth, m. David Dawson; 7. Sophia, m. J. DeWitt; 8. Celia, m. William Calhoun; 9. Cornelia, m. Neal Calhoun; 10. Ruth Adelia; 11. Amelia, m. Rev. J. S. Calhoun. Last resi dence: Grove Hill. CHAPMAN, JOSEPH, planter and pioneer settler, was born in 1777, in Newberry, S. C, and died in 1858, near Grove Hill, Clarke County; brother of Elijah (q. v.), and Wil liam Chapman. He came at an early age, about 1812, with his wife, from South Caro lina and acquired large tracts of land in Clarke County. He and his family were among the founders of Grove Hill. He was a Whig; and a Methodist. He married in South Carolina. Children : 1. Elizabeth, m. Robert May, of Sum ter County; 2. Eleanor, m. Silas Mott, of Missis sippi; 3. Nancy, m. George Fluker, of Coffee ville; 4. Mary, m. Col. James Savage, of Grove Hill; 5. Sallie, m. George Dunbar, of Washing ton County; 6. Amelia, m. E. Stewart Pugh; 7. Joseph, died-in youth. Last residence: Grove Hill. CHAPMAN, KATHARINE HOPKINS, au thor, was born March 4, 1870, in Selma, Dallas County, daughter of Thomas Holmes and Mary Elizabeth (Glass) Hopkins, the former a native of Danville, Pittsylvania County, Va., and now a resident of Anniston, having taken an active interest in that city's prog ress since its inception in 1880. In 1859 he removed to Uniontown, and enlisted as a private in the Canebrake Rifle Guard, Co. D. Fourth Alabama regiment, serving until Lee's surrender. He is a son of Reuben and Julia Augusta (Holmes) Hopkins, of Dan ville, Va., where Reuben Hopkins engaged in the banking business and also owned an ex tensive tobacco plantation nearby. His sec ond wife, Julia A. Holmes, was a school teacher from New England, a representative of the same family as Oliver Wendell Holmes. Her abolition principles made slaveholding unpleasant for the family and eventually Reu ben Hopkins sacrificed his tobacco lands and slaves and moved west, being tendered a pub lic banquet and silver service on his departure. He settled in Iowa in 1857 and purchased land where Dubuque now stands but died suddenly before his titles were validated. Mrs. Chap man's maternal grandparents were Benjamin Alexander and Catharine (Morrison) Glass, who owned and occupied a plantation six miles from Selma, near the Valley Creek Pres byterian church, both belonging to North Car olina families who came to Alabama territory about 1816. The colony were Scotch Presby terians and erected the first brick church in this state, which structure is still in good re pair. Mr. Glass gave the land on which it is located and contributed liberally to its erec tion. He was a ruling elder of the church, a planter and philanthropist. The Alexanders, Morrisons and Hopkinses are all descended from signers of the Declaration of Independ ence and also the Mecklenburg Declaration. Mrs. Chapman began her education at home under private teachers, one being Mrs. Moore, who afterward wrote under the name of Betsey Hamilton; another Mrs. K. M. Jarvis, librarian of Selma Carnegie library. She was graduated from Shorter College, Rome, Ga., 1887, taking honors in English and Latin, and her essay on "The desirability of an interna tional copyright," was widely copied and praised. She also completed the Chautauqua DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 317 literary and scientific course and was grad uated at Lake Chautauqua, N. Y., in 1904. She is a communicant of the Episcopal church; a trustee of Selma Carnegie library; and a member of the Chautauqua Circle of Selma, which she has represented as a del egate to the Alabama Woman's Federation several times. Born in the antebellum at mosphere of Selma, transplanted to the brac ing booming air of Anniston in its infancy, grafted by marriage into the crude conditions of Bessemer's early days, a frequent visitor to Mobile and Montgomery, Mrs. Chapman was well equipped to delineate Alabama characters and scenes and in her stories she depicts life among the refined southern people, her first writings being signed Katharine Hope in def erence for her father's scruples against a lady's name appearing in print except at her marriage or death. Her first work, "Letters on Life in the South" was accepted by the Philadelphia Times in August, 1888, calling forth a personal letter of encouragement from Col. A. K. McClure; followed by "Chautauqua Chats," character sketches and short stories in the Advance, Birmingham; "Naughty Pur itan Plym," "Mammy's Buckeyed Baby," "Love's Way in Dixie," "The Alabama Girl," "Milton's Mistletoe," and many others. Mar ried: October 8, 1891, at Shelby, Ala., to Dr. John Thomas Chapman, son of Samuel Ed ward and Betty (Edwards) Chapman, of Mc Kinley, Ala., the former a lieutenant in the C. S. Army in 1863 and 1864, when he was elected sheriff of Marengo County. Children: 1. Thomas Holmes, b. March 4, 1894, at Bes semer, Ala. , Residence: Selma, Ala. CHAPMAN, REUBEN, lawyer, Governor of Alabama, was born July 15, 1799, in Bowling Green, Caroline County. Va. and died May 17, 1882, in Huntsville, Ala.; son of Col. Reuben and Ann (Reynolds) Chapman, the former also a native of Caroline County, Va., and the latter of Essex County, Va. Col. Chapman fought for the independence of the colonies in the Revolutionary war and became a man of considerable means. He was the son of a Scotchman. Gov. Chapman received a high school education at Bowling Green, Va., and later read law in the office of his eldest brother, Judge Samuel Chapman, of Hunts ville, Ala., later of Cahaba and Selma. On his admission to the bar he began to practice in Sommerville, Morgan County, but later removed to Huntsville, where he continued to reside until his death. He came to this state on horseback in 1824. Gov. Chapman was a member of the Protes tant Episcopal church, and as a Democrat he always took a very active and prominent part in political affairs. In 1832 he was elected to the state senate, and in 1835 to the U. S. con gress; two years later was reelected; and in the four succeeding elections had no opposi tion, save 1841. In 1847 he was elected Gov ernor of Alabama, and it is said that he re ceived the nomination entirely without solicita tion, and in order to remove him from his ap parently lifetime contract with the people of his section to represent them in congress. His inauguration was rendered memorable in a social way by a public reception given by him at 'Montgomery hall on a scale of extraor dinary liberality and hospitality. When he took the governor's chair Alabama was finan cially embarrassed because of mismanagement of the affairs of the state bank and its trus tees, and he had the good fortune to be able to remedy the difficulty and relieve the treas ury. His term was characterized by wisdom and devotion to duty. In the convention which chose his successor he had the majority of the votes but yielded to the two-thirds rule, which he believed was right. Withdrawing from political life, he devoted himself to the care of his handsome estate until 1855, when he consented to become the Democratic can didate for a seat in the state legislature and was elected, this being his last official service. In 1860 he attended the Baltimore convention, held after the break in the Democratic party at Charleston, and used his utmost efforts to bring about an understanding between the northern and southern men there. He came near succeeding but was defeated by the ir repressibles on both sides. During the War of Secession the U. S. troops burned his resi dence, desolated his possessions, imprisoned and harrassed him, and finally forced him out of their lines. He was also a delegate to the national Democratic conventions of Cincinnati in 1856, of Charleston in 1860, and of New York in 1868. It was said of him that "his worth and weight could not be measured, for in all matters requiring manhood, judgment and honor, personal or political, he stood forth as an exemplar and a sage." Gov. Chapman was a man of splendid figure and proportions, erect in his carriage, hand some in feature and frank in expression. Married: October 17, 1838, at her father's country house in Limestone County, to Felicia Pickett, daughter of Col. Steptoe and Sarah Orrick (Chilton) Pickett, who were natives of Fauquier County, Va., and lived on a plan tation in Limestone County, Ala. Mrs. Chap man was a second cousin of Gen. George Pickett, of Gettysburg fame, and a grand daughter of Col. Martin Pickett, an officer in the Revolutionary war. Gov. Chapman had four daughters and two sons who lived to be grown: 1. Steptoe Pickett was killed in battle at the age of twenty-three years while serving in the C. S. Army; 2. Reuben, m. Rosalie Floyd Sheffey of Huntsville and d. April 24, 1891; 3. Juliet, m. Col. Turner Clanton, of Montgomery, survived her husband some years, and d. January 6, 1910; 4. Felicia Cor- bin, m. Boiling Hubbard of Buckingham County, Va., and d. January 4, 1876; 5. Elle- lee, m. Milton Humes of Abingdon, Va., and later of Huntsville, Ala.; 6. Alberta Pickett, m. John G. Taylor of Huntsville and later of Denver, Colo., survived her husband and d. May 16, 1912. Last residence: Huntsville, Ala. CHAPMAN, REUBEN, lawyer, was born May 25, 1833, at Madison Springs, Madison County, Ala., and died April 30, 1902, at Liv- 318 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ingston, Ala.; son of Samuel and Mary Lu cinda (Newell) Chapman (q. v.), who re moved from Huntsville to Livingston in 1834. He attended Montrose Academy, Mississippi, under Rev. Dr. John N. Waddell; later spent two years at Concord Academy, Caroline County, Va., under Prof. Frederick W. Cole man; and afterward the school of Dr. Henry Tutwiler at Greene Springs, Ala. He was ad mitted to the practice of law by the supreme court of Alabama in July, 1856, and opened an office in Carrollton, Pickens County in Janu ary, 1857, but after the close of the War of Secession removed to Livingston, where he continued to practice until his death. In April, 1861, he entered the C. S. Army as captain of Co. H, Eleventh Alabama regiment, but on account of ill health was compelled to resign in June, 1862. Capt. Chapman was a Methodist, a Mason and a Democrat; and served as mayor of Liv ingston from March, 1887, to March, 1892; was county solicitor of Sumter County for a number of years; was a member of the house of representatives of Alabama in the session of 1900-01; and a member of the constitutional convention of the state in 1901. Married: (1) March 31, 1861, in Livingston, to Rebecca Southal Arrington, daughter of Robert and Patience Ann (Wright) Arrington, of Liv ingston; (2) July 27, 1870, to Mary Catherine Scruggs, daughter of Josiah L. Scruggs. His first wife died March 1, 1866. Children: 1. Alta, of Selma, Ala.; 2. Robert Arrington, of Montgomery, m. Catherine Isabella Waddell, of Sheffield, daughter of Rev. DeBerniere and Mary Elizabeth (Bellamy) Waddell, and has two children, Robert Waddell and Mary Eliza beth; studied civil engineering at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn., and has practiced his profession in Mississippi, Alabama, North Carolina and Virginia, was engaged in general practice in Florence and Sheffield, 1889-1892; was in the engineering department of the U. S. government from 1892 to 1901; and has since engaged in general practice in Mont gomery and vicinity, is a Democrat and Epis copalian; children by second marriage: 3. Lilybec, m. Richard N. Cobb, of Livingston; 4. Anna, m. Wayne W. Patton, of Livingston; 5. Reuben, of South McAlester, Okla.; 6. Lulu, of Lebanon, Ky. Last residence: Livingston, Ala. CHAPMAN, ROBERT B., dentist, was born in 1855 in Pike County; son of John D. and Mary H. (Anderson) Chapman, the former of Georgia, the latter of South Carolina, who removed to Alabama about 1847, settling at Wetumpka, and later locating in that part of Pike County which was taken to form Crenshaw County, where they lived and died. He was educated in the county schools; a student of Rutledge academy; clerked in a drug store, with Dr. E. H. Johnson, his brother-in-law; entered the dental department of Vanderbilt university, in 1885, graduating D. D. S. He began the practice of dentistry in Crenshaw, later moving to Troy; in 1915, his health fail ing, he retired from business and located on his plantation near Luverne. He is a Demo crat; a Mason; Knight of Pythias; charter member of Knights and Ladies of Honor; and a Methodist. Married in 1878, in Pike County, to Leonora, daughter of Dr. Gus Johnson, of Rutland; sister of Dr. E. H. Johnson, of Troy. Children: 1. Eugene; 2. Anna, deceased, m. Rev. Frank G. Hastings; 3. Belle, m. Charles Gohlson, of Troy; 4. Martha Ouida, m. Cash, of Ohio; 5. Bettie. Residence: near Luverne. CHAPMAN, SAMUEL, lawyer, born in 1793, near Bowling Green, Caroline County, Va., and died October 11, 1863, in Cahaba, Ala.; was the elder brother of Gov. Reuben Chapman (q. v.) ; and son of Reuben and Ann (Reynolds) Chapman, who lived near Bowling Green, Va. His paternal grandfather, Reuben Chapman, came to this country from Scotland and settled in Virginia. Ann Reynolds was a grand daughter of Col. Richard Miller. Judge Chap man was graduated from Washington College and read law under the direction of Chapman Johnston at Staunton. After his admission to the bar in 1815, he removed to Clarksville, Tenn., and was soon afterward elected solicitor of the district, which office he resigned in 1818 and removed to Huntsville, Ala. He repre sented Madison County in the first state legis lature and was judge of the county court from 1820 to 1832; in the latter year was chosen judge of the circuit court for the district which embraced Sumter County and in 1834 removed to Livingston. By successive elections he was continued on the bench for eighteen years and on his retirement from that position removed to Lauderdale County, Miss., and subsequently to Cahaba, Ala., where he made his home until his death, his last days being spent at the residence of his son-in-law, Gen. E. W. Pettus. Judge Chapman was large and fine looking, with a dark complexion ; and had the reputation of a dignified and impartial judge, and of an honorable and useful citizen. Married: (1) to a daughter of Col. John Shelby, of Tennes see; (2) then to Mary Lucinda Newell, a niece of Hon. Eppes Moody, of Franklin; (3) again to a sister of Gen. Pettus, of Dallas; and (4) lastly to a lady of Mobile. Of his sons, one was killed while serving with the C. S. Army; another was an officer on the cruiser Sumter and became a planter living near Galveston, Tex.; and Capt. Reuben Chapman (q. v.), who died at Livingston. Of his daughters, one mar ried Gen. E. W. Pettus (q. v.), of Dallas; and others married Capt. R. Thorn and Judge G. C. Saunders, citizens at one time of Sumter Coun ty. Last residence: Cahaba. CHAPMAN, SIMEON J., lawyer and tax col lector, was born March 31, 1861, in Newton, Dale County; son of James S. and Emmeline (Doster) Chapman, of Georgia, who removed to Dale County, before the War of Secession, the former serving as a Confederate soldier, was captured at Nashville, Tenn., and sent as prisoner of war to Camp Chase, Ohio, died and buried there, the number of his grave in Camp Chase Confederate cemetery being "1332;" grandson of Rev. William Chapman, a Methodist minister of Georgia, and of Joel and DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 319 Mary Doster of North Carolina. He was edu cated in the common schools of the commun ity; taught for several years; studied law and was admitted to the practice, 1893. On account of ill health he became a cripple, but he has won the reputation as an advocate and coun selor. He has been mayor of Newton; also treasurer and secretary of the Baptist associa tion, composed of twenty-four churches, served four years as tax-collector of Dale County. He is a Democrat; and a Missionary Baptist. Married: December 12, 1888, at Newton, to Lela F., daughter of John T. and Bamma Ad- cock, of Dale. Children: 1. Lola Eron; 2. Lillian Bamma. 3. Euseta Star. Residence: Newton. CHAPMAN, WILLIAM H., physician and sur geon, was born April 19, 1852, in Pike County; son of John D. and Mary H. (Anderson) Chap man, the former of Georgia, the latter of South Carolina, who removed to Alabama about 1847, living at Wetumpka, also in Covington County for some years and represented this county in the legislature, 1866-67, and later locating in Crenshaw County, where he died; grandson of Benjamin Chapman of Georgia, and of Supra Anderson, of South Carolina, who came with his daughter, Mary H., to Crenshaw County and lived until 1868. He was educated in the schools of the county; later entered the Ala bama polytechnic institute; read medicine with Dr. E. H. Johnson, at Rutledge; entered the medical department of Washington university, Baltimore; graduated from Mobile medical col lege, 1873; 1873-78, he practiced in Crenshaw and Butler counties; removed to Elba and practiced until 1884; on account of ill health discontinued the practice, and moved to Troy, Pike County, where he engaged in the milling business for two years; 1886, removed to his large plantation northeast of Elba, where he now resides and farms. He is a member of the Conecuh county medical society; a Demo crat; a Mason; and a Methodist. Married: in March, 1877, in Elba, to Belle, daughter of Charles and Mary (Rhodes) Reynolds, the for mer a Confederate soldier, a member of the 33d Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, died February, 1864, a prisoner of war at Camp Chase, Ohio. Children: 1. William H, Jr. Residence: Elba. CHAPMAN, WILLIAM REYNOLDS, chan cellor of the southern division, was born June 13, 1880, at Elba, Coffee County; son of Wil liam Hickerson and Martha Belle (Reynolds) Chapman, the former a physician, residing suc cessively at Rutledge, Troy and Geneva, but devoted himself to farming in the later years of his life; grandson of John and Mary (An derson) Chapman of Leon, Crenshaw County, the former was a farmer, a Democrat and Bap tist while representing Covington County in the legislature, 1866, he introduced and secured the passage of an act creating Crenshaw County, and of John P. and Mary (Flowers) Reynolds of Macon, Ga., and later of Elba. Chancellor Chapman received his early education in the common schools, the Troy State normal school and the school of Prof. Charles Rowe in Cof fee County. He was a member of the class of 1901 at the University of Alabama but did not complete his course because of the illness of his father. He read law under his uncle, Judge F. N. Hickman, of Geneva; and began the practice in June 1903 at Geneva, where he re mained until October 1908, at which time he moved to Dothan, where he has since resided. On June 9, 1914, he was appointed chancellor of the southeastern division of Alabama, to succeed Thomas M. Espy, resigned. In the Democratic primaries of 1914 he was nomi nated as his own successor, over Hon. John A. Carnley of Elba and Hon. M. W. Rushton of Luverne. On November 3, 1914, he was elected to complete the unexpired term of Judge L. D. Gardner, to which Mr. Espy had been appoint ed in 1914. He was councilman for the town of Geneva in 1903 and 1904; and mayor of Ge neva in 1906, 1907, and a part of 1908. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a Mason; Knight of Pythias; an Elk; and a Modern Woodman of America. Married: December 28, 1904, at Troy, to Ethel Corley, the daughter of W. Burford and Catherine (Jones) Corley; granddaughter of Hon. U. D. Jones, who was at one time pro bate judge of Pike County, whose wife was a sister of the late Joel D. Murphree of Troy. Children: 1. William Corley; 2. Louis Hicks; 3. Catherine. Residence: Dothan. CHAPPELL, JOHN JOEL, lawyer, was born January 19, 1782, on Little River, near Colum bia, Fairfield County, S. O, and died May 23, 1871, in Letohatchee, Lowndes County, Ala.; son of Hix and Elizabeth (Threewits) Chap pell. The father was born about 1758 in the colony of Virginia and became a resident of Fairfield County, S. C; at the age of eighteen years enlisted as a private in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary war, under Gens. Sumter and Marion; was wounded in the battle of Eutaw Springs, S. C, September 8, 1781; and was promoted to the rank of major. He was a son of Robert Chappell, who lived in Richland District, S. C. The Chappell family is of pure English stock and began emi grating to Virginia about 1634 or 1635, dif ferent branches later settling in practically all of the southern states. John Joel Chappell was educated in the schools of South Carolina and studied law under John C. Calhoun; was admitted to the bar in 1805; and appointed a trustee of South Carolina College in 1809. He practiced law in Columbia, S. C, until 1837, when he removed to Lowndes County, Ala., and resided there throughout the remainder of his life. In 1808 he was elected to the South Carolina house of representatives and served in that position for several years; in October, 1812, was elected a member of congress from Columbia District; in May, 1813, took his seat in the extra ses sion called by President Madison to provide the ways and means for conducting the war with Great Britain; and served during five sessions, being reelected in 1814. During those days he was an intimate friend and great admirer of John C. Calhoun; was an advocate of pure state rights principles; and gave ear nest support to the administration of James 320 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Madison. He was on the committee for pro viding ways and means for conducting the War of 1812; and voted for the compensation bill passed in 1815 which fixed the salaries of members of congress at fifteen hundred dol lars per annum. In 1805 he was appointed adjutant of the Thirty-third South Carolina regiment and was elected captain; in 1808 was elected colonel of the regiment; and in the War of 1812 commanded a regiment but was never in active service. He was a director of the Columbia branch of the State Bank of South Carolina, 1830-58, and after his removal to Alabama became a cotton planter. In early life he attended the Episcopal church but later joined the Methodist church. Married: May 10, 1811, in Augusta, Ga., to Sophia Maria Greene, daughter of Col. John Greene, of Au gusta. Children: 1. Eugenia, m. Andrew C. Calhoun, left no descendants; 2. John Three- wits, deceased; 3. Mary, died unmarried; 4. Paul Greene, m. Salina G. DeVeaux, left no descendants; 5. Octavia Theodosia, m. John D. Hopkins, and their children were John Chap pell, Fanny and Marion Chappell; 6. Marion, m. Robert Hazlehurst Deas; 7. Henry, m. Cyn thia E. Wells, left no descendants; 8. Septima died unmarried. All are deceased. Last resi dence: Letohatchee, Ala. CHARDAVOYNE, WILLIAM V, lawyer and merchant, was born June 27, 1833, in Lawrence County, the only child born to William V. and Martha (Watkins) Chardavoyne, na tives of New York and Tennessee respectively. The father came to Alabama in 1830 and was extensively engaged in buying and selling cot ton, but died of cholera in 1833. His parents were William and Rebecca Chardavoyne, of New York, and his wife was a daughter of William and Susan (Coleman) Watkins, of Georgia. William V. Chardavoyne, jr., was reared and educated in Alabama, at the age of fourteen years entering LaGrange College, of Franklin County, where he completed his education. He began business as a merchant in Courtland but also studied law and engaged in practice for a time. He has taken a promi nent part in politics; was private secretary to Gov. Lindsay, 1871-2; and assistant secretary in the state senate two years. He is an elder in the Presbyterian church and a member of the Masonic fraternity. During the War of Secession he was on staff duty in Roddy's division of Patterson's brigade and was in several sharp engagements. Married: in 1856 to Lavinia B. Harris, of Alabama, daughter of Daniel Harris. Children: 1. Martha G.; 2. William H, and 3. Edward V. Residence: Courtland. CHAUDRON, JULIUS DE LA G., pioneer, was a native of Philadelphia, Pa., and died March 4, 1877, aged seventy-eight years, at the home of his son-in-law, Dr. John F. Ble- vins, near Marion Junction, Dallas County, He came to Alabama in 1819 and was one of the pioneers of the French Vine and Olive colony who settled the country now in cluded in Marengo County and founded the town of Demopolis. Among his fellow colon ists were Bonapartist generals and other exiles of distinction from the French empire who sought refuge in this country. The grant of lands in that entirely unsettled portion of Alabama was made by the U. S. government to refugees from the horrors of the St. Do mingo insurrection, many of them sojourning in Philadelphia and other portions of the United States. Prominent among these was Jean Simon Chaudron, father of Julius de la G. Chaudron, a gentleman of large means and chief among the originators of the colonial enterprise. He was an author and senator of distinction, and a large volume of prose and poetical works published in Paris attests his literary ability. Many representatives of .the family • still live in Alabama and contiguous southern states. Julius de la Chaudron left the record of an upright, honorable lifetime throughout vicissitudes of fortune so varied as fall to .the lot of few men. Last residence: near Marion Junction. CHENAULT, CALVIN SIDNEY, physician, born December 29, 1867; son of John Murphey and Martha W. (Leigh) Chenault; grandson of Morris and Mary (Murphey) Chenault, the former the first circuit court clerk of St. Clair County, and of David G. and Mary Acus (Willson) Leigh, the former a Baptist minister, who came to Alabama from Virginia about 1835, and settled near Moulton; great-grand son of Stephen and Fanny ( Nelson y Chenault, the former a Virginian, was the pioneer of the family in Alabama, having settled with his family at old Hazel Green, in what is now Madison County, about 1810, and of John Leigh, a Baptist minister of Virginia, and his wife, who before her marriage was a Miss Johns, the former a younger brother of Light Horse Harry Lee, whose name originally was Leigh. Stephen Chenault was the younger brother or nephew of William Chenault, a Revolutionary soldier, who was the son of Felix Chenault, son of Hugo Chenault, the son of Estienne Chenault, the emigrant, who fled with his family from the province of Languedoc, France, on the revocation of the edict of Nantes, and settled in the Virginia colony at Monikin-Town, Powhattan County, in the early part of the eighteenth century. Dr. Chenault is a grad uate of the State normal college at Florence, and of" the Birmingham medical college. He taught several years in Alabama and Louis iana schools before beginning the study of medicine. He entered partnership with his brother, Dr. F. L. Chenault, and practiced med icine and surgery at New Decatur. Married: December 27, 1899, to Mary Ellen Osborne, daughter of James Osborne, a planter of Frank lin County. Children: 1. Erskine M.; 2. Ervine S-, d. in infancy; 3. Geannie Estelle; 4. John James. Residence: New Decatur. CHENEY, JOHN MARTIN, sr., planter, was born July 17, 1811, at Beaufort, S. C, and died October 20, 1892, in Montgomery; son of John I. and Sarah Royal (Martin) Cheney, of Edge field, S. C; grandson of James and Mary Eliza beth (Fendon) Cheney, and of Gen. John Mar tin, all of Edgefield, the latter a Revolutionary JUDGE JESSE M. CARMICHAEL DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 323 soldier and one of seven brothers who helped establish American independence; great-grand son of Abram and Elizabeth (Terry) Martin of South Carolina; great-great-grandson of Na thaniel and Sarah Terry. He was educated in the private schools of Beaufort, S. C, gradu ated from South Carolina college and engaged in planting in South Carolina, until 1833, when he removed to Alabama, with the colony that came then. He acquired lands in the western part of Montgomery County and engaged in extensive farming. He was a captain of militia during the Mexican War, but did not go to Mexico. He was connected with the land office before the War of Secession and with the tax office during that war. He was a Democrat ; and a Baptist. Married: June 8, 1836, in Mont gomery County, to Augusta, daughter of Wil liam and Harriott (Field) Bellinger, and sister of Dr. Carnot Bellinger (q. v.). Children: 1. Isabella Evalina, m. Walter S. Pierce; 2. John Edmund, m. Queen Anne Wright; 3. Augusta, 4. Mary Louisa, m. Thomas I. Hewlett; 5. William Bozier, m. Smithie Dodson. Last residence : Montgomery. CHERRY, JOSIAH, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 79, resided in Marengo County, June 1, 1840, with J. W. Cherry. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. CHESTNUTT, SAMUEL LEE, jr., professor of applied agriculture, was born August 29, 1879, at Brice's Bridge Farm, Knox County, Tenn.; son of Samuel Lee and Lida Kate (Br ice) Chestnutt, of Rogersville, Tenn.; grand son of Rhode and Mary (Lee) Chestnutt, of St. Clair, Tenn., and of Napoleon and Mary (Looney) Brice, of Brice's Bridge Farm. He was educated by his mother; entered McMain academy, at Rogersville, attended the Univer sity of Tennessee, graduating, A. B., 1900; post graduate work, at same institution, for two years, in horticulture and agriculture. Began teaching as instructor in plant study and ap plied agriculture, in Farragut model school, 1903; elected professor of horticulture and agriculture at the Alabama girls technical in stitute, 1907. He has organized farm clubs, farmers' institutes, fair associations, and dairy clubs. He is a Mason; and a Methodist. Mar ried: August 20, 1907, at Concord, Tenn., to Emma Grace, daughter of Samuel Pride and Laura Ann (Rogers) Brown, of Concord. Chil dren: 1. Samuel Lee III; 2. Thomas Brice. Residence: Montevallo. CHEW, WILLIAM LOCKE, physician, was born in May, 1861, in Calvert County, Md., and died at an early age; a son of Beverly G. and Elizabeth (Smith) Chew, also natives of Maryland, but removed to Mississippi when he was quite young and there the father en gaged in planting in the rich bottom lands of the famous Yazoo valley. Dr. Chew re ceived his early education in the schools of Yazoo City, which he attended until fifteen years of age, when he entered the University of Mississippi at Oxford, graduating with the degree of. Bachelor of Science, June 28, 1882. In October, 1883, he entered Tulane Medical College, New Orleans, La., where he remained until 1886, during two years of that time be ing on the medical staff of the Charity Hos pital connected with that institution, which honor was highly prized by the students as it indicated superior merit and high standing. In April, 1886 he located in Birmingham and became associated in practice with Dr. B. M. Hughes. For five years he was censor of Jef ferson County Medical Society; for the same length of time a member of the county board of health; and was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. Last residence: Birmingham, Ala. CHILTON, CLAUDIUS LYSIAS, minister, author, was born April 27, 1856, in Tuskegee, Macon County, son of William Parish and Elvira Frances (Morgan) Chilton (q. v.), the former a native of Adair County, Ky. He received an academic education but left school at the age of fifteen years, his last teacher being Thomas C. Bragg at Montgomery. After studying for the ministry, he was licensed to preach in July, 1877, at Court Street church, Montgomery, and immediately entered work as supply in the Eastern Shore circuit of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, serving as pastor twenty-six years and as college agent two years of that time, but withdrew from the church at Pensacola, Fla., in December, 1903. In 1859 he became a resi dent of Montgomery, where he lived until nearly twenty-one years of age; later spent one year in Opelika; one year in Mobile; one year in Whistler; two years in Glennville; one year in Uniontown; three years in Tus kegee; one year in Pensacola, Fla.; one year in Kansas City, Mo.; one year and a half in St. Louis, Mo.; one year and a half in Mont gomery; three years in Auburn; four years in Montgomery; four years in Greens boro; one year in Union Springs; and the last seventeen years in Montgomery. At one time he was chaplain of the Montgomery Greys and helped to organize the Governor's Guard and afterward the Montgomery Blues. He is the author of four volumes on "Plain Truth," also "Born of God," pamphlets on "Eternal Punish ment," "How to Pray," "False Prophet," and co-author with E. M. Bounds of "The Place of Prayer in Redemption." Married: December 3, 187,8, in Benton, to Mabel Cecilia Pierce, daughter of Dr. Dunkin and Mildred (Woods) Pierce, of Benton. Children: 1. Claudius Lysias, jr., of New York; 2. Mil dred Woods Aldredge, of Montgomery; 3. William Pierce; 4. John Irby and 5. Cecile Morgan, all three of Montgomery; 6. Arthur Bounds, of Mobile; and 7. Mabel P., 8. Thomas H. and 9. Robert Lovett, all three of Montgomery. Last residence: Montgomery. CHILTON, JOHN McELDERRY, lawyer and judge of the third judicial circuit, was born March 20, 1848, in Tuskegee, Macon County, died December 29, 1915, at Mountain Creek, and is buried in Montgomery; son of Chief Jus-- tice William Parrish and Elvira Frances (Mor gan) Chilton (q. v.). He was educated in the 324 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY private school of Prof. George W. Thomas, at Montgomery, with a short course in the Uni versity of Alabama, 1864-65. Reading law in his father's office he was admitted to the bar in 1869, becoming a member of the law firm of which his father was head. Later he practiced with Judge Samuel F. Rice, and Judge Thomas G. Jones. In 1872 he removed to Opelika, where he became the law partner of Gov. Wil liam J. Samford. He was appointed judge of the city court in 1873, which position he held for four years declining a re-election. In 1884, he was appointed judge of the third judicial circuit to fill the unexpired term of Judge Henry D. Clayton. It was said of him that "his record as circuit judge was unique in the fact that he was never reversed by the supreme court in a single case." In 1889, he returned to Montgomery, and engaged in the practice of law. He was a Democrat; a Mason; and a Baptist. Married: February 16, 1874, to An nie Unity, daughter of Alexander Hamilton and Margaret Elizabeth Barnett, both of Ope lika. Children: 1. Madge, m. E. L. Thornton, Opelika; 2. Annie Lou, m. W. L. Anderson, Union Springs. Last residence: Montgomery. CHILTON, WILLIAM PARISH, lawyer, chief justice Alabama supreme court, was born August 10, 1810, in Adair County, Ky., and died January 21, 1871, in Montgomery, Ala.; son of John Thomas and Margaret (Bledsoe) Chilton, who lived at Blue Springs in what is now Christian County, Ky. The father was a native of Virginia and a Baptist minister of liberal views, who wrote a small book on the controversies of his day. He was of English ancestry and his people were partisans of Cromwell. Coming to America about 1650 they located on the shores of the Potomac and representatives of the family have since been prominent in public affairs in Virginia and other southern states. Judge Chilton's mother was a sister of Judge Jesse Bledsoe, of Kentucky, and belonged to a very distinguished family. As she died when her son was only three years old and his father soon after, he was left to the care of his sis ter Jane and her husband, Rev. Charles Met calfe. Having acquired a good practical edu cation he began teaching school at the age of seventeen years and later read law with Judge Meigs, of the supreme court of Ten nessee, at Athens, that state. In 1834 Judge Chilton came to Alabama and began practice in Mardisville, Talladega County, but later removed to Talladega, from there to Tuskegee and in 1859 to Mont gomery, where he made his home until his death. He met with success in his profession and became prominent in public affairs — first as an old line Whig and later as a Demo crat after the War of Secession. In 1839 he represented Talladega County in the state legislature and in 1843 was an unsuccessful candidate for congress. After his removal to Macon County in 1846, he was chosen, De cember 31, 1847, to succeed Judge Ormond on the bench of the supreme court; and on the resignation of the chief justice he succeeded to that position, holding the office from De cember 6, 1852, to January 2, 1856. In 1859 he was elected a state senator from Macon County, and soon afterward removed to Montgomery. He was a member of the pro visional congress in 1861; then a representa tive in the Confederate congress and was re elected in 1863. It was as a judicial officer that he illustrated, in the highest manner, those qualities of purity, honesty and integ rity, which were his most prominent charac teristics. He was, in the most exalted sense, a model judge. He was also recognized as one of the most powerful debaters of his time in the state. He was a deacon in the Baptist church and was serving as grand master of the Masonic Grand Lodge of Alabama at the time of his death. In 1875 the county of Chilton was named in his honor, and the de gree of LL.D. had been conferred upon him by a Tennessee university. Married: (1) at the age of nineteen years to Mary C. Morgan, and (2) to her sister, El vira Frances Morgan, sisters of Gen. John T. Morgan, (q. v.) of Dallas County, and daughters of George and Frances (Irby) Morgan, who removed from Wytheville, Va., to Nashville, Tenn., later to Athens, Tenn., Tuscaloosa, Ala., Mardisville, Hillabee, Tuskegee, Mont gomery and Opelika, then back to Nash ville, Tenn. Children: 1. Thomas George, b. November 24, 1833, d. May 30, 1860, m. La- vinia T. Bradford, was a lawyer of Mont gomery; 2. Lavinia Afton, m. Col. Anderson Abercrombie, of Huntsville, Texas; 3. Mary, m. Dr. U. R. Jones, of Montgomery; 4. William Parish, jr., b. September 27, 1838, d. in 1892; lieutenant colonel in the C. S. Army; lawyer of Montgomery; solicitor of the ninth judicial district of Alabama; 5. Margaret Frances, m. Boiling Williams, of Mansfield, La.; children of the second marriage: 6. John McEldry (q. v.), of Montgomery, m. Annie U. Barnett; 7. Wilella, m. William S. Thorington, of Montgomery; 8. Arthur Hop kins, died unmarried; 9. Claudius Lysias (q. v.), of Montgomery, m. Mabel C. Pierce; 10. Jennie Read, m. Stanly C. Spier, of At lanta, Ga.; 11. Lucy Irby and 12. Lucile, both died in infancy. Last residence: Montgomery. CHISHOLM, MALCOLM A., farmer, comp troller of public accounts, was born April 20, 1809, on the Isle of Skye, Scotland, and died February 3, 1898, at Montgomery; son of Mur- dock and Christian (McKinnen) Chisholm, na tives of the Isle of Skye, Scotland, who came to America in 1811, when their son Malcolm was two years of age, and settled in Mont gomery County, N. C. He was mainly a self- educated man, the only schooling he ever re ceived being in North Carolina when he was a youth. When he was twenty years old, he moved to Macon, Ga.; lived in that place ten years; then, in 1840, moved to Alabama, set tling at Montgomery, where he lived uninter ruptedly until his death. He engaged in the cotton business in Montgomery, being one of the earliest buyers. He established grading and classifying of cotton, and is said to have established the cotton business in Montgomery. In 1865, he was appointed comptroller of pub- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 325 He accounts for the state of Alabama by Gov. Patton. He was elected to that office in the same year, and held the position until he was turned out of office in 1868 by the reconstruc tion laws. While in office at the capitol, Mr. Chisholm planted the first of the trees which surround the capitol. After his removal, he retired to his plantation, situated three miles from Montgomery, and spent the remaining days of his life farming. His plantation is now a suburb of Montgomery bearing his name. He was a Democrat, and voted for every Demo cratic nominee from the time he cast his first vote for "Old Hickory," until the time of his death. He was a Presbyterian. Married: in 1850, at Wetumpka, Cornelia Stevens, daughter of Reuben Stevens, of Western Star, 0. Chil dren: 1. Charles Arthur, m. Fannie C. Graham, daughter of Duncan B. Graham (q. v.), resides at Chisholm, Montgomery; 2. John, m. Susie O. Graham, daughter of Duncan B. Graham (q. v.), and sister of Mrs. Charles Arthur Chis holm, resides at Chisholm, Montgomery; 3. Malcolm Henry, deceased, unmarried; 4. Will iam Edgar, deceased, m. Jessie Saunders, who resides at Chisholm, Montgomery. Last resi dence: Chisholm, Montgomery. CHISHOLM, ROBERT, lawyer, was born Oc tober 4, 1844, in Beaufort, S. C; son of Rob ert and Louisa Screven (Guerard) Chisholm, who lived in South Carolina, the former a native of that state. He attended Beaufort College until he was fifteen years old, then became a student in the Citadel Military Academy at Charleston, S. C. Early in 1861, he left the academy and went as a volunteer aid on the staff of Gen. Micah Jenkins; later served through the battle of Port Royal as an aid to Col. Dunnovant, commander of the post; was brevetted a lieutenant and assigned to duty at the camp of instruction, near Columbia, S. C. ; was made adjutant of the Twentieth South Carolina regiment, commanded by Col. Lawrence M. Keith, in 1862; resigned from that command in July of that year, in order to become captain in the provisional army of the C. • S. A. ; raised a company of sharpshooters which became part of the Twenty-seventh South Carolina regiment; and remained with that regiment until the close of the war. He fought in all- the severe battles around Richmond, at Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Battery Harrison, near Wilmington, N. J., Town Creek and Ben ton ville; and was offered promotion to the rank of major by Gen. Thomas Jordan, chief of Gen. Beauregard's staff, but declined on ac count of his age. After the war, he studied law in the office of Gen. James Connor; was admitted to the bar in 1867; and practiced in Charleston, S. C, until 1887, in which year he moved to Birmingham. For five years he served as judicial justice of Charleston, S. C, on the appointment of Gen. Wade Hampton, governor of the state. He has been a member of the board of education of Birmingham; and for many years he and his partner were attor neys for the Central Railroad & Banking Com pany of Georgia, and the Macon & Birmingham Railroad. He is a Knight of Pythias and an Episcopalian Married: June, 1865, Margaret Horry Laurens, daughter of John Laurens; and granddaughter of Henry Laurens, first president of the U. S. congress. Children: 1. Eliza L.; 2. John L.; 3. Alexander R.; 4. Louisa S. ; 5. Henry L.; 6. Caroline B.; 7. Heyward; 8. Margaret H. Residence: Birming ham. CHITWOOD, WILLIAM P., lawyer, was born September 3, 1836, in Lincoln County, Tenn.; son of Col. Stephen C. Chitwood, a na tive of Virginia, Who moved to Lincoln County, Tenn., where he filled several important of fices, was a colonel of the militia and a" promi nent citizen of the county, moved to Lawrence County in 1843 and died in 1882. He was reared in Lawrence County; received his early schooling in Moulton, and later attended Irv ing College, near McMinnville, Tenn. After he left school, he studied law with Ex-Gov. Lewis, at Moulton, continuing the study and practice of law until the outbreak of the War of Secession. He served through the war with Roddy's cavalry, and after peace was de clared resumed his law practice at Moulton. He remained at that place until 1889, when he moved to Tuscumbia, and took his position as a member of the Colbert County bar. In March, 1891, he was appointed judge of the district court of Colbert and Lauderdale Coun ties. He is a mason; and a member of the Knights of Honor. Married: December 10, 1870, Laura Lyon, of Winona, Miss. Children: Six sons and one daughter; one of the sons, William Lyon, was graduated at Howard Col lege, 1889, read law with his father and was admitted to the bar in 1892. Residence: Tus cumbia. CHOATE, WASHINGTON, Congregational minister, for some time a resident of Alabama, was born January 17, 1846, at Essex, Mass.; son of David and Elizabeth (Wade) Choate. He graduated A. B., Amherst college, 1870; re ceived the honorary degree of D. D. from the same college, 1893; and graduated from Union theological seminary, 1875. He was ordained a Congregationalist minister in 1875; served churches in New Hampshire, New York, and Connecticut; was corresponding secretary, 1891-1907, treasurer, 1907-09, of the Congrega tional missionary society; and professor of systematic theology, Talladega college, 1909-12. Married: September 21, 1875, to Grace R. Whi ten, of Brooklyn. Residence: Essex, Mass. CHRISTIAN, JOHN BEVERLY, lawyer, was born January 28, 1859, on his father's planta tion, "Fair Oaks," in Perry County, and died July .11, 1916, at Uniontown; son of Robert and Ella (Storrs) Christian; and grandson of John Beverly Christian, chief justice of Vir ginia. He obtained his preliminary education in the common schools at Uniontown; entered the University of Alabama, and was gradu ated from that institution with honor, LL. B., July, 1880. He studied law, was admitted to the bar, and had practiced law for several years, when, in 1885, he was appointed post master of Uniontown. He held that office for two years, then resigned to resume his pro- 326 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY fession, the practice of law. In 1890, he was elected justice of the peace at Uniontown, and was re-elected every four years after that time, until his death brought to an end twenty-six years' service in that office. He was an Epis copalian, a member of the Memorial Church of the Holy Cross of Uniontown. He was a Mason for thirty-five years, and was grand high priest of the Grand Royal Arch chapter of Alabama, 1909-1910. Last residence: Union- town. CHRISTOPHER, JOHN RICHARD, farmer, Baptist minister and legislator, was born Feb ruary 26, 1866, at Salem, Limestone County; son of John Washington and Louisa Evelin (Patterson) Christopher, the former lived at Salem, served in the C. S. Army, was justice of the peace, and a Baptist minister, once moderator of the Richland Creek association; grandson of John Washington Christopher and wife, the former a soldier in the War of 1812, who came to Alabama in 1837. He was edu cated in the common schools. He is a farmer and a member of the legislature of 1919, from Limestone County. He is a Democrat, and a minister of the Baptist church. Married: June 2, 1912, to Nannie Lou, daughter of Johnston and Laura Barnes, of Boonshill, Tenn. She is of Scotch-Irish descent. Residence: Athens. CILLEY, PHILIP NOBLE, physician, was born March 9, 1821, at Weare, Hillsborough County, N. H.; son of Hon. Seth Noble and Sarah (Cavis) Cilley, the former of whom was born at Weare, N. H, in 1783, and the latter at Bow, N. H, in 1791; grandson of John and Elizabeth (Fowler) Cilley, of Salisbury, N. H, who later moved to Weare, N. H, the former was a farmer, and a soldier in the French and Indian and Revolutionary Wars, and of Na thaniel Cavis, a native of Merrimack County, N. H., who spent all his life in that county, was a farmer, fought in the Indian wars and the Revolution, and died at Bow, N. H.; great- grandson of Thomas and Lydia (French) Cil ley; great-great-grandson of Benoni and Eleanor (Gatchell) Cilley; great-great-great- grandson of Richard Cilley, a magistrate at the Isles of Shoals, who moved to Hampton Falls, N. H., in 1863; great-great-great-great-grand son of Capt. Robert Seely, of Watertown, Mass., one of two brothers who came from the Isle of Man, was married in 1630 at Water- town, Mass., moved to New Hampshire and died at Weare. Dr. Cilley's father was a farmer, a member of the lower house of the state legislature for several terms, a soldier in the War of 1812, and a prominent Mason. He died in New Hampshire in 1861, his wife having died in 1850. Dr. Cilley was educated at Weare and New Hampton, N. H., and began life for himself at the age of sixteen, teaching school in the winter in Hillsborough County, at Merrimack and in Massachusetts, until 1841, when he went to Union District, S. C, and taught school there one year. He taught in La Place, Macon County, five years, and in 1846, began reading medicine under Dr. Burr Johnston, of Macon County; moved to Lowndes boro and read medicine with Dr. H. V. Wooten; and in 1848 was graduated from the University of Louisiana, now Tulane University, at New Orleans. He located at Sandy Ridge, Lowndes County, that same year and opened his prac tice. The next year, he entered a partnership with his former preceptor, Dr. Wooten, at Lowndesboro, and that association continued un til Dr. Wooten moved to Memphis, Tenn., to accept the chair of principles and practice of medicine in the Memphis Medical College. Dr. Cilley continued his profession at Lowndes boro, practicing in that county for nearly fifty years, and engaged in planting toward the lat ter part of his life. He served in the State legislature in 1886 and 1887, being a member of the committees on temperance, education, and public buildings. He was author of a law to prohibit the sale of intoxicants in Lowndes County. He was for many years censor in the Lowndes County Medical Society, and was a counselor in the State medical association. He was a deacon of the Missionary Baptist Church; a Mason; a member of the Sons of Temperance; and of the I. O. G. T. Married: (1) April 21, 1851, in Hayneville, Caroline Sarah Saffold, who died June 17, 1856, daughter of Judge Reu ben Saffold of Dallas County, one of the pioneer citizens of Alabama, and one of the first su preme justices of the state; (2) April 14, 1859, Sarah Kast Whitman, daughter of James K. and Mary Brown (McCall) Whitman, of Lowndesboro, the former a merchant and planter, who was born in Halifax County, Va., went to Tennessee when young, moved to Lowndesboro, where he was married, and lived there the remainder of his life, dying in 1880, the latter a native of South Carolina, born in 1818, who died in 1874. Children, by first mar riage: 1. Mary B., d. in 1855; 2. Philip Noble, d. in 1857; 3. Sarah Cavis; by second marriage: 4. Elizabeth Louise, m. T. W. Howard; 5. Rosa Bibb, m. Rev. R. M. Hunter, Jasper, Walker County. Last residence: Lowndesboro. CLAIBORNE, FERDINAND LEIGH, soldier, was born in 1772, in Sussex County, Va., and died in 1815, in Natchez, Miss.; son of Wil liam and Mary (Leigh) Claiborne, of Manches ter, Va.; grandson of Nathaniel and Jane (Dole) Claiborne, of "Sweet Hall," Va.; great- grandson of Capt. Thomas and Ann (Fox) Cle- borne; great-great-grandson of Lt. Col. Thomas Cleborne and wife, a Miss Dandridge; brother of Gov. William C. C. Claiborne (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Virginia; ap pointed ensign of infantry, U. S. Army, 1793; promoted (captain, 1799; resigned from the army, 1802, and located in Natchez, Miss., as a merchant. He was elected to the Mississippi Territorial legislature, 1804; colonel of militia, 1805; commander of the troops sent to support General Wilkinson, 1806, in the Sabine cam paign; 1811, brigadier-general of militia of the Territory, and organized the militia for U. S. government service. In 1813, he was made brigadier-general of volunteers; was stationed at Fort Stoddard, and served actively through out the War of 1812 and the Creek uprising, in defense of the white pioneer settlers, espe cially along the Alabama river. In December, 1813, he attacked the Indians at the "Holy DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 327 Ground." After victory, he returned to Natchez and resumed his work as general of militia. He was elected to the Mississippi legislative council, 1815, and presided over that body. Married: in 1802, to Magdalene, daughter of Col. Anthony Hutchins, an English officer. Last residence: Natchez, Miss. CLAIBORNE, THOMAS D., major and lieu tenant colonel, 7th Confederate cavalry; lieu tenant colonel, 10th Georgia cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. CLAIBORNE, WILLIAM CHARLES COLE, statesman, was born in August, 1775, in Sus sex County, Va., and died November 23, 1817, at New Orleans; son of William and Mary (Leigh) Claiborne, of Manchester, Va., and brother of Gen. Ferdinand Leigh Claiborne (q. v.). He was educated at the Richmond academy and William and Mary college, Va.; studied law and was admitted to the bar. He located in Nashville, Tenn.; was appointed by Governor Sevier, judge of the supreme court of the territory. In 1796, he assisted in fram ing the constitution of the State of Tennessee; represented his district in the 5th and 6th con gresses, 1797-1801; his vote assisted in deter mining Jefferson as president of the United States. In 1801, President Jefferson appointed him governor of the Territory of Mississippi; 1803, he served, with Gen. Wilkinson, as a commissioner to take possession of Louisiana, at its purchase from the French. When, in 1812, Louisiana was admitted to the Union as a State, he resigned from the office of governor- general of Mississippi territory, and was elected governor of Louisiana. He shared with Gen. Andrew Jackson in the defense of New Orleans, 1815; was elected twice as governor then sent to U. S. senate, 1817, but his illness that resulted in death, prevented his taking his seat. Married: (1) to Eliza Lewis of Nash ville; (2) to Clarisee Duralde, of New Orleans; (3) to Suzette Booque. A monument by the sculptor, St. Gies, has been erected to his mem ory. Last residence: New Orleans. CLANTON, JAMES HOLT, soldier, lawyer, politician, brigadier general, C. S. Army, was born January 8, 1827, in Columbia County, Ga., and died September 26, 1871, at Knoxville, Tenn.; son of Nathaniel Holt and Mary (Clay ton) Clanton, the former a native of Georgia, removed to Alabama, settled in Macon County in 1835, represented his county in the house in 1838, and in the State senate, in 1853, the latter a relative of Gen. Henry D. Clayton (q. v.) ; grandson of Holt and Catherine (Newsom) Clanton, the former a Revolutionary soldier serving six years in the Virginia Con tinental line, who moved to Darby's Mill, north of Augusta, in 1801, and of Charles and Han nah (Doggett) Clayton of Columbia County, Ga., the former a planter of that county who married first a daughter of Captain Garmany of South Carolina; great-grandson of John Doggett, a soldier of the Revolution, and a lineal descendant of Benjamin Doggett, an early Episcopal clergyman of Virginia. Gen eral Clanton was educated in the county schools of Macon County and matriculated at the State university, but immediately thereafter volunteered for the War with Mexico as a private in Capt. Rush Elmore's company of Col. Bailie Peyton's regiment. On the expira tion of his service, he re-enlisted in the Pal metto regiment, but reached Mexico after the occupation of. the capital. He returned home, read law at Tuskegee in the office of David. Clopton, attended the law school of Judge Chilton, and was admitted to the bar there in 1850. He at once located in Montgomery. In 1855, he represented that county in the legisla ture, and in 1860, was a candidate for elector on the Bell and Everett ticket. He opposed the secession of the State from the union, but when Alabama seceded, he entered the service of the State, as captain of a mounted company. He served first on the Florida coast. In 1861, he augmented his command to a regiment, and was chosen its first colonel, the regiment being known as the First Alabama cavalry. He was later ordered to Tennessee, and opened the bat tle of Shiloh, being also engaged the second day; served on General Grant's staff at the battle of Farmington; commanded a brigade, consisting of his own regiment and one from Mississippi, and Maj. S. J. Murphy's battalion at Boonville, and drove the enemy before him. During the spring of 1863, he raised three reg iments, the 6th, 7th, and the 9th Alabama cavalry, and was commissioned a brigadier gen eral." He never had the opportunity to handle his command as a brigade, on account of the necessities of the service. He successfully fought General Rousseau, at Ten Islands, on the Coosa, opposing thirteen hundred men for several hours, with his force of two hundred. In this engagement, he lost his entire staff. He continued to harass the federal general, continually in his march through the State. He served on General Polk's staff at Resaca, Adairsville, and Cassville. In the spring of 1865, he relieved Gen. Alpheus Baker, at Pol lard, and successfully opposed the raid of the enemy on that place. Later, he opposed Gen eral Steele's corps and was dangerously wounded and captured at Bluffton Springs, Fla. He was paroled at Pensacola, about May 1, 1865. He resumed the practice of his pro fession in 1866, and was attorney for the State of Alabama in the matter of the Alabama and Chattanooga railroad case, when he was shot in the streets of Knoxville, by David M. Nel son, following a heated argument between Nel son and himself concerning remarks made in the federal court, on that day. Married: in Russell County, to Parthenia, daughter of Gen. James and Evalina (Ross) Abercrombie (q. v.). Children: 1. Mollie, d. young; 2. James Abercrombie, d. unm., at El Paso, Tex., 1902; 3. Thomas, d. young; 4. Holt, d. young; 5, 6. and 7., died young. Last residence: Mont gomery. CLANTON, TURNER, jr., major and lieuten ant colonel, 7th Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. CLARK, ALEXANDER HUMPHREYS, planter, was born in 1844, in New Orleans, La.; 328 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY son of James S. and Margaretta Brown (Sproule) Clark, natives of Kentucky, who were reared, educated and married in that state, moved to Vicksburg, and in 1842, to New Orleans, where they spent the remainder of their lives; grandson of James Clark, a native of England, and of Charles and Mar garet (Humphreys) Sproule, the former a na tive of Ireland, who came to the United States at an early day, settling in Kentucky, was owner of a line of barges on the. Mississippi River, and died near Montgomery when a young man, the latter a native of Virginia, of the third generation from Rev. John and Mar garet Preston of Virginia, who came from the north of Ireland in 1740. Mr. Clark was grad uated from the New Orleans High School at the age of fifteen; in April, 1861, joined the First Louisiana battalion; served the first year of the war in Virginia; was in the Peninsular campaign and was discharged in May, 1862; returned home and joined Fenner's Louisiana battery and saw active service until he sur rendered in May, 1865, at Cuba Station. After peace was established, he engaged in mer chandising in New Orleans, La., until 1880, then moved to Montgomery County, Ala., and engaged in farming. Married: 1877, Sallie McGehee Graves, born in Montgomery County, daughter of Peyton S. and Sallie (McGehee) Graves, the former a native of Lowndes Coun ty, who died at New Orleans in 1892, where he had for twenty-five years been occupied as a merchant; grand-daughter of Abner Mc Gehee, of Georgia, one of the original settlers of Montgomery County, who settled nine miles south of the city of Montgomery at McGehee's Switch, on the Louisville & Nash ville Railroad, when the country was a wilderness, and was instrumental in building the Montgomery & West Point Railroad. Children: 1. Alexander Humphreys, jr., b. February 11, 1879, was graduated from the Alabama Polytechnic Institute, M. S., 1899, was assistant in English literature at that in stitution, 1898-1899, teacher in a high school at Baton Rouge, La., 1899-1900, and at Hope Hull, 1900;. 2. Sarah McGehee, B. S., 1900, employed by the state department of educa tion, Montgomery. Residence: Hope Hull. CLARK, C. J., physician, was born October 27, 1816, in Laurens District, S. C. He studied medicine; attended lectures at the Georgia Medical College, 1836-1837, and in the latter year came to Alabama, and located at Jack sonville to practice his profession. He attended a course of lectures at the Louisville Medical College, Kentucky, 1841-1842, and at the Jef ferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa., 1843- 1844, receiving from both of those institutions the degree of M. D. He was appointed assist ant surgeon in the United States volunteers, and attached to the First Alabama regiment, in 1846; was promoted to surgeon the fol lowing year; was assigned to the famous Pal metto regiment of South Carolina; took part in all the battles in the valley of Mexico; and served in that position until the end of the War with Mexico. For his faithful discharge of duty in that position, he received a gold medal from the state of South Carolina. At the outbreak of war in 1861, Dr. Clark was commissioned a surgeon in the C. S. Army, and at the special request of Gov. Shorter of Alabama, was placed in charge of the Alabama Hospital in Richmond. In 1863, he was ordered to Montgomery, where he remained on hospital duty until the end of the war. After peace was declared, he located in Selma and prac ticed his profession. He was a member of the Medical Society of Selma, a member of the city council, and* chairman of the board of edu cation of that city. He was very active in pro moting the welfare of the public schools, and was chairman of the board of trustees of Dallas Academy. He was a frequent contributor to medical journals and papers, his articles on "Typhoid Fever in Alabama," causing profound attention from the profession in the United States. Last residence: Selma. CLARK, FRANCIS BARNARD, business man, was born January 3, 1820, at Dansville, Livingston County, N. Y., and died January 18, 1910, in New York City; son of Willis Fish and Charity (Barnard) Clark, the former born August 21, 1786, at Mansfield, Windham County, Conn., who died in Dans ville, N. Y., October 5, 1858, the latter a native of Bolton, Mass., born June 7, 1792, who died August 13, 1861, at Dansville; grandson of Oliver and Elizabeth (Fish) Clark, who lived in Connecticut and New York, the former born August 16, 1784, at Mansfield, Conn., and died September 22, 1824, was a soldier in the Revolution and was engaged in the battle of Bunker Hill, the latter born April 16, 1756, died November 2, 1850, and of John and Elizabeth (Fallace) Barnard; great-grandson of William Fallace, the largest landowner in and around Rome, N. Y., where he built and owned a canal be fore the days of the Erie canal, whose home was the most commodious in town and was captured by the British and used for Army headquar ters during the war of 1812. The Clark and Barnard branches both came from England. Among them was Sir Francis Barnard, col onial governor of New Jersey in 1757, who was transferred to Massachusetts, August 4, 1760, as governor general of Massachusetts and New Jersey. Mr. Clark was a cousin of Lewis Gaylord Clark and Willis Gaylord Clark, twin brothers, the first of whom was the founder of the "Knickerbocker Maga zine," the earliest successful publication of its kind in the country; and was brother of Willis Gaylord Clark (q. v.). His father lived at Mansfield, Conn., until he moved to Rome, N. Y., 1807, where he studied medicine with his uncle, Dr. Elijah Clark; moved to Dansville, N. Y., in 1813 and practiced his profession there for the next twelve years; then embarked on a successful lumber and mercantile business; at the time of his death, business was suspended in his community as a sign of respect Mr. Clark's early education was obtained under private tutors in Dansville, and he was graduated from Georgetown College, near Lexington, Ky., C. E., 1838. Between 1839 VICTOR H. HANSON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 331 and 1842, he went to Augusta, Ga., as the representative of Haviland, Risley & Com pany, of New York, and soon after was ad mitted as a partner. He went to Mobile and established the firm of Haviland, Clark & George, which for many years conducted a large wholesale import and export drug and chemical business, including cotton among the exports and rare products among the im ports. The firm was dissolved at the be ginning of the War of Secession. From 1846 to 1860, Mr. Clark, with others, exerted his best abilities in building the Mobile & Ohio Railroad, projected from the Gulf to the Ohio River, through Alabama, Mississippi, Ten nessee, and Kentucky. The headquarters of the company was located in Mobile, and the railroad was at one time said to be the longest under one management in the world. Mr. Clark was elected repeatedly as director, and was for many years chairman of the execu tive committee of the board, the most re sponsible post in the organization. During the war, miles of track were destroyed and re built to the temporary advantage of first one army of occupation and then the other. The early annual reports of the company were prepared chiefly by Mr. Clark. Incor porating those of subordinates, there are four large bound volumes compiled by him, re cently placed by his sons in the archives of the state. During the War of Secession, Mr. Clark served in the home guards in the military defenses around Mobile prior to its capture by Admiral Farragut and its occupation by Federal troops. He was elected without his knowledge, being away at the time, a mem ber of the State legislature from 1865 to 1868, the first legislature elected after the end of the war, and the last one elected by the white people of the state until the end of the "carpet-bag" reign. This legislature was the creator of the first revenue code, and as chairman of the ways and means committee, the burden of the work fell on Mr. Clark. The present revenue code of Alabama is prac tically the same in principle as the one writ ten mainly by Mr. Clark. While a member of the legislature, he published a pamphlet in blank verse, styled "The Calling of the Roll," in which he began with the first name on the roll of the legislature, and made a reference to each member of the house. He projected the Mobile & Alabama Grand Trunk Railroad, connecting the coal and iron regions with the Gulf. He, however, built only the first sixty miles; his supporters having to withdraw during the financial panic following "Black Friday" of 1873. The road was in later years finished by another company as the Mobile & Birmingham Railway. During his public and private occupation, Mr. Clark enjoyed home life in a typical English and Southern way, by having a well appointed town house, on Church street, and a beautiful country home, at Beaver Meadow. During the war, thinking the city would be bom barded, he removed to his country home his belongings of special value, such as rare Vol. m— 22 books, manuscripts, silverware and paintings, only to have the house burned by bush whackers, wandering through the brush. Mr. Clark was originally an old line Whig, and afterwards a Democrat to the end. At first he opposed disunion and refused to be a dele gate to the Secession convention; but later he lent all his support to the cause of the Confederacy. He was a member of the Epis copal church, and was a delegate to many state and national Episcopal conventions. He was a frequent contributor to the press, writ ing mainly, on political, industrial, economic and social topics. He enjoyed personal ac quaintanceship with Lafayette, Webster, Clay, Charles Dickens, Thackeray and others of that day. Married: June 9, 1845, at Mobile, Helen Mary, born September 18, 1822, and died February 23, 1899, at Birmingham, daughter of James and Helen (Verdier) Shepherd, of Orange County, Va.; granddaughter of Andrew and Elizabeth (Bell) Shepherd, who had thirteen children, two of whom mar ried daughters of Frank Madison, brother of James Madison, president of the United States, and of Paul Verdier, who was a French Huguenot, and with his brother Louis Verdier, became a landed proprietor near Orange, Va. Mrs. Clark was in her girlhood a great favorite of Dolly Madison, the president's wife. She was connected by blood and mar riage with many noted families of Virginia, among them, the Taliaferros, Pages, Prestons, Grymeses and Taylors. Her father's second wife was Lucinda Taylor daughter of Robert Taylor, who was a cousin of Gen. Zachary Taylor, president of the United States. Chil dren: 1. Gaylord Blair (q. v.) ; 2. James Shepherd, b. Orange, Va., 1848, d. New York, 1913, was one of the editors of "El Comcio," a Spanish paper, m. Sadie Brandon of Hunts ville, who resides at El Comcio, N. Y., chil dren, Antonia Laurie, Lucile Shepherd, Mil dred Lee, and Paul, d. in youth; 3. Francis Barnard (q. v.) ; 4. Fillmore LeVert, lawyer, b. 1856 in Mobile, m. Mary E. Parker, resides at Detroit, Mich., children, Hervey and Helen Mary; 5. Burnet Laurie, b. Mobile, 1858, who with his brother edited "El Comcio," m. Amandtine Oliver of Mobile and Portland, resides at New York City; 6. Helen Cabell, b. 1860 in Mobile, resides in Birmingham, m. James Norman Brooks of Baltimore, who d. in New York, 1887; 7. Gen. Louis Verdier (q. v), b. 1862, in Mobile, adjutant general of state militia, m. Mildred Jones of Selma, who d. at Selma, 1897, resides in Birmingham. Last residence: Birmingham. CLARK, FRANCIS BARNARD, Jr., lawyer and author, was born November 7, 1850, at Augusta, Ga., and died October 30, 1896, at Mobile; son of Francis Barnard and Helen Mary (Shepherd) Clark (q. v.); nephew of Willis Gaylord Clark (q. v.); and brother of Gaylord Blair Clark (q. v.), and of Gen. Louis Verdier Clark. He was prepared in a private school in Mobile; was graduated from the Vir ginia Military Institute, Lexington, Va., C. E., 332 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 1873; and from the law school of the University of Virginia. In 1875 he was admitted to the bar at Mobile, which city has been his home nearly all his life. In 1878, he published Clark's "Manual of Criminal Law," which had an extensive circulation in Alabama and the country generally, and was adopted as a text book in the law department of the University of Alabama. He was appointed recording sec retary to Gov. George S. Houston, that same year, and remained with him until Mr. Hous ton's election to the U. S. Senate in 1879. About that time, under a special act of the State legislature, Mr. Clark was made special supreme court reporter, and acted in that ca pacity for about six months. During that time, in conjunction with Thomas J. Jones, the state reporter, and later governor of Alabama, he prepared volumes fifty-seven and fifty-eight of Alabama reports. In 1880 he was elected state prosecuting attorney and solicitor for the county of Mobile by the legislature, and held the office six years, exercising his efforts and influence successfully in that period towards re-establishing and improving the jury system of the county. In 1882, he prepared a book on legal and business forms, of which a second edition was published in 1889. He was ap pointed by Ex-Chief Justice Robert C. Brickell to aid in the preparation and revision of the laws of Alabama, comprising the code of 1886, the second volume of which embodies almost entirely Mr. Clark's individual method and work. His name was strongly urged by the bench, bar and press throughout the state as commissioner to prepare the code of 1896. He had already revised and published the second edition of "Clark's Form Book." He was the junior partner of the firm of Clark & Clark, which represented a varied clientage, includ ing large railroad, telegraph, insurance and other corporation interests in Alabama and other states, as well as a large individual clientage at home. Besides his literary and professional work, he had in 1890 obtained considerable success in investments and busi ness affairs which had prospered. About the time of his admission to the bar, Mr. Clark aided in the reorganization of some of the historical military companies of Mobile, one of them being the Washington Light In fantry, first organized prior to the Mexican War. He acted as captain of that company for several years. The degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him by the Virginia Mili tary Institute. He was a Democrat; an Epis copalian, a vestryman in the Christ church at Mobile, and at the time of his death was chan cellor of the diocese of Alabama; was a member of the Beta Theta Pi college fraternity; of the Knights of Pythias; and of the Odd Fellows. In addition to the other works mentioned, Mr. Clark was author of "Clark's Criminal Digest," "The Grand Jury," several legal pamphlets, short stories of fiction, and some poetry. Mar ried: July 29, 1879, in Montgomery, Mary Pickett Banks, who died March 25, 1891, daugh ter of Maj. E. W. and Eliza (Pickett) Banks, of Montgomery; granddaughter of Col. Al bert James Pickett, historian, author of "Pick ett's History of Alabama"; niece of Bishop Samuel S. Harris, of the Protestant Episcopal church, diocese of Michigan. Children: 1. Willis Gaylord, Episcopal clergyman, m. Lottie Ivy Hibbler, resides at Birmingham; 2. Francis Barnard, m. Mary Hale, grauddaughter of Stephen F. Hale, colonel of the Eleventh Ala bama regiment, C. S. Army, for whom Hale County was named, resides at Birmingham; 3. Fairfax, deceased. Last residence: Mobile. CLARK, FRANK, representative in con gress from the Gainesville District in Florida, is a native of Alabama, born March 28, 1860, at Eufaula; son of Capt. John Wise and Mary Emeline (Keils) Clark (q. v.). He received his early education in Alabama and Georgia; read law in the office of Col. P. F. Smith; was admitted to the bar, 1881, at Fairburn, Ga., and practiced there until 1895; removed to Florida, where he was a member of the state legislature, 1889, 1891, and 1899; district at torney for the Southern district of Florida, 1894-97; and elected to the 59th to 65th con gresses, 1905-1919, from the 2nd Florida dis trict. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Knight of Pythias, and an Elk. Married: October 8, 1884, to Mary Ellen, daughter of Marquis De Lafayette and Mary Ellen Mayo, of Polk County, Fla. Children: 1. Edward; 2. Frank; 3. Lucile; 4. Harriet Wise. Residence: Gaines ville, Fla. CLARK, GAYLORD BLAIR, lawyer, was born April 16, 1846, in Mobile, and died, June 15, 1893, at Mobile; son of Francis Barnard and Helen Mary (Shepherd) Clark (q. v.); nephew of Willis Gaylord Clark (q. v.) ; and brother of Francis Barnard Clark; jr. (q. v.), and of Gen. Louis Verdier Clark (q. v.). He received his early schooling in the Barton Academy at Mobile, then entered the Virginia Military Institute, at Lexington, Va., in 1863. While a cadet in the latter institution, he entered with his corps the active military service of the C. S. Army; participated in the battle of New Market, and other less notable affairs, continuing in the service until the evacuation of Richmond and the surrender of Lee. His studies were resumed at the Military Institute after the war had ended, and he was graduated there with honor, C. E., 1867. During the last year of his col legiate life, he was selected by the board of visitors as assistant professor of mathematics, but declined the position. He followed the profession of civil engineer for two years after graduation, being employed in that capacity by the Mobile & .Alabama Grand Trunk Railroad Company, of which his father was president at that time. While still fol lowing the occupation of civil engineer, he became interested in the study of law,r and soon after abandoned his profession to read law in the office of Amos R. Manning and Percy Walker, the former of whom served upon the supreme court of Alabama, and the latter several terms in congress. Mr. Clark was admitted to the bar at Mobile in 1870, but continued his studies for two years after ward, entering regularly upon the practice of DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 333 law in 1872 in Mobile. During the first year of his practice, #ie -was admitted to the su preme court of Alabama, and in 1881 was ad mitted to practice in the supreme court of the United States. He was admitted to and prac ticed in the supreme courts of Mississippi, Florida, and Louisiana, and in the United States courts in those states. He formed a partnership with his brother, Francis Bar nard Clark (q. v.), under the firm name of Clark & Clark. One of his greatest triumphs was achieved within the very first few years of his practice in the case of Donovan vs. Morgan and Raynor, in which he met and overthrew in a difficult case John A. Camp bell and George N. Stewart. While still young in the practice he became the lawyer of the struggling Southern & Atlantic Tele graph Company, and by his subtle and suc cessful tactics in that company's legal war fare with the powerful Western Union Com pany, he attracted so much the attention of the latter company, that after it had merged the younger rival, it at once sought, and thereafter retained, his services. Mr. Clark was one of the organizers of the state bar association, and was a member of the American Bar Association. Upon differ ent occasions, he was offered judgeships, and twice was offered a position on the bench of the supreme court of the state, but he de clined in every case, preferring to devote his time to the practice of the law. He served one term as a member of the Mobile city council in 1876; was elected to the lower house of the state legislature in 1878; was the candidate of his party for the State senate in 1884, but suffered defeat with the entire Democratic ticket in his county; was a dele gate to the national Democratic convention which nominated Grover Cleveland for the presidency in 1888; was frequently a dele gate to the Democratic conventions in the state; was an alternate presidential elector for the Mobile congressional district; was a member of the Democratic state executive committee and chairman of the district ex ecutive committee for several years. He was counsel for the quarantine board of Mobile Bay and for the Mobile River commission, general counsel for the Mobile & Birming ham Railroad Company, and district attorney for the Mobile and Mississippi division of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company. He was a vestryman of Christ's Protestant Episcopal church, a member of the New York Democratic Club, and of the Southern So ciety of New York. Married: April 15, 1881, Lettice Lee Smith, daughter of Col. Robert White Smith, a prominent cotton merchant of Mobile. Children: 1. Gaylord Lee; 2. Lettice Lee. Last residence: Mobile. CLARK, GEORGE, lawyer, was' born July 18, 1841, at Eutaw; son of James Blair and Mary (Erwin) Clark (q. v.). He was prepared for college in the schools of Eutaw; and en tered the University of Alabama with the class of 1861. On the fall of Fort Sumter he aban doned his studies and enlisted as a private in the Eleventh Alabama regiment, C. S. Army. He was promoted to lieutenant, and in 1862 to cap tain, and served as the latter throughout the war. He participated in the battles of York- town, Williamsburg, Fredericksburg, Chancel lorsville, Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Spotsyl vania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg and the severe fighting along the Welden railroad, the "mine," and various engagements north of the James River. He was wounded at Gaines' Mill in 1862, at Gettysburg in 1863, and at Reams Sta tion near Petersburg, in August, 1864. After the surrender at Appomattox, he returned home, studied law with his father and was admitted to the bar in 1866. He began to practice law in Eutaw, but. moved to Texas, January, 1867, and located at Weatherford. The next year, he moved to Waco, Tex., and permanently es tablished himself in his profession. During the trouble with the Radical incumbents, oc casioned by the installation of Gov. Coke and the Democratic state ticket in 1874, Judge Clark was placed temporarily in charge of the office of secretary of state under the incom ing administration. Soon after, he was made attorney-general of Texas, and held the office from 1874 to 1876, when it was vacated by the intervention of the new constitution. At that time, he was appointed commissioner to aid in the revision and codification of the laws of Texas. He was appointed judge of the court of appeals in 1879, but resigned in October, 1880, and has since that time, devoted himself to his profession. In 1892, he was a candidate before the Democratic primaries for nomina tion as governor of Texas, but upon the as sembling of the convention, the demands of the extremists caused a split in the Democratic party in Texas, and Judge Clark was defeated. Married, in 1874, at Austin, Tex., Mary Johns. Residence: Waco, Tex. * CLARK, HENRY W., author and business man. Deceased. Last residence: Montgomery. CLARK, JAMES BLAIR, lawyer, was born June 22, 1796, in Bedford County, Pa., and died in 1873, in Alabama. His ancestors were Protestant Irish, and settled in Pennsylvania at an early date. He passed his youth on a farm in Chillicothe, O., where his parents moved soon after he was born, and received but a limited education. After clerking for three years, he moved to Kentucky, read law in that state, and was licensed to practice, March, 1822. That same year, he went to Ala bama, locating at the courthouse of Bibb County, where he began his practice. He was elected to the State legislature as representa tive from Bibb County, 1827-1831; and in the latter year moved to Cahaba where he prac ticed law for eight years. In 1839 he moved to Eutaw; was appointed chancellor by Gov. Fitzpatrick in 1845, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Hon. J. L. Martin, but was defeated before the legislature by Hon. Wylie W. Mason. In 1851, he was elected to the office of chancellor, and for twelve years thereafter, was re-elected, defeating Hon. Stephen F. Hale at one time. At that period, 334 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY the office of chancellor was particularly labor ious and arduous. The chancery system itself was in a crude and undigested state. Chan cellor Clark was under the necessity of trav eling over half the state by private conveyance and over miserable roads. There was little uniformity or regularity in the chancery prac tice — there was no time afforded for prying narrowly into books for precedents — the busi ness had to be dispatched in a hurry or left untouched. Chancellor Clark brought to the discharge of his official duties the same love of method, the same laborious habits and punctuality for which he had been honorably distinguished at the bar. As a result, the chancery practice owes much of its uniformity to the labors of Mr. Clark. He resigned from that position in 1863, and made no further ap pearance in public life. After the War of Secession, he resumed his profession in part nership with his son, Maj. T. C. Clark. Mar ried: (1) 1825, in Kentucky, Mary Erwin, sis ter of Col. John Erwin; (2) 1866, Mrs. Davis, of Pickens County. Children by first marriage : 1. John Blair, b. June 9, 1826, bookseller, Selma, d. 1865, at Eutaw; 2. Maj. T. C, law yer; 3. Capt. James D., of Wilcox, an officer of the Thirteenth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, was killed in Virginia, during the War of Secession; 4. Joseph Pickens, A. B., A.M., 1856, planter, b. January 29, 1836, private, Co. B, Eleventh Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, 1861-1862, mayor of Eutaw, 1865, 1873-1875, clerk of the circuit court, Greene County, 1877-1880, m. January 4, 1864, at Eutaw, Ly- rene Barclay Hughes, Eutaw; 5. Henry Clay, A. B., b. December 3, 1838, teacher, private, Co. B., Eleventh Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, was killed at Frazier's Farm, June 30, 1862; 6. George (q. v.). Last residence: Eutaw. CLARK, JAMES S., member of the Consti tutional Conventions of 1861, and of 1865, from Lawrence County; circuit judge, 1868. CLARK, JOHN BUNYAN, teacher, was born June 6, 1884, near Hamilton, Marion County; son of Henry Turner and Missouri Ann (Car penter) Clark, who lived on a farm near Ham ilton, the former of whom was a farmer, car penter, Primitive Baptist preacher, merchant, and machinist, was a member of the State legislature at one time, and was organizer in the work of the Farmers' Union; grandson of Ellis Jasper and Jamie Catherine (Cantrell) Clark, who lived at Spartanburg, S. C, and of Ellis Carpenter, of Newnan, Ga. He obtained his early education at Macedonia church or schoolhouse, and at other schools near Hamil ton; attended West Alabama agricultural school, 1902-1905, teaching schools during the summer months of those years; and was grad uated B. S., from the Alabama polytechnic in stitute at Auburn, 1908. During the summer of 1906, he taught at Goldmine, Marion County, and after graduation, became principal of the Union Springs high school, 1907-1908, declin ing a fellowship at the Alabama polytechnic institute in order to teach. He was principal of the Nanafalia high school, 1908-1909; re ceived a scholarship to Vanderbilt university, and became a fellow there, 1909-1910; received the degree of M. A. from Vanderbilt university, 1910; became a student on a scholarship at Harvard university, 1910-1911, receiving the degree of A. M., there, in 1911; and registered as candidate for the Ph. D. degree in history and political science at Harvard. He was su perintendent of the public schools of Linden, 1911-1912; principal of Marion County high school, 1912-1913; and was re-elected to that position, 1913-1914. He is now assistant pro fessor of history at Alabama polytechnic insti tute. He is a Democrat, and was a member of the Harvard Democratic Club, 1910-1911; and is a teacher in the Sunday school of the Missionary Baptist church. Mr. Clark is author of a "Sketch book of Alabama History," which has never been published. Married: August 30, 1911, at Hamilton, Lillie Pearce, daughter of Judge Mack Pearce of Winfield. She is a grad uate of Athens College, B. S., 1908, and of the University of Alabama, A. B., 1911. She was principal of the Double Springs School, 1906- 1907, and taught at Athens College, 1908-1909. Since her marriage, she has taught as her hus band's first assistant. Residence: Auburn. CLARK, JOHN WISE, captain C. S. Army, was born in Edgefield District, S. C, in 1824, and died at Cumberland Gap, Tenn., January, 1863; son of James and Harriet (Wise) Clark, of Edgefield District, S. C; brother of Capt Whitfield Clark (q. v.), and grandson of Jacob Wise, a soldier of the American Revolution. Capt. Clark removed to Barbour County at an early age; and received only a common school education. While a resident of Clayton he was appointed sheriff. He served as a private in the War with Mexico; removed to Eufaula and built up a large mercantile and cotton busi ness in which business he was engaged at the breaking out of the War of Secession. He en tered the service of the C. S. Army as captain of the "Pioneer Guards," afterwards organ ized the Eufaula light artillery, of which he was captain and contracted pneumonia and died at Cumberland Gap, Tenn. He was a Democrat; Baptist; and a Mason. Married: in 1849 or 1850, in Barbour County, to Mary Emeline, daughter of Isaac Keils, and wife, who was a Miss Weeks, of Louisville, and sister of Judge Elias M. Keils, an ante-bellum Whig, but prominent in Republican politics after the War. Children: 1. James, m., but no children; 2. Harriet Wise, m. James H. Russell, of Barbour County; 3. John Wise, Jr., m. Ella Waller, of Bartow, Fla.; 4. Frank (q. v.), m. Mary Ellen Mays. Last residence: Eufaula. CLARK, KATE UPSON, author, a native of Alabama, was born at Camden, Wilcox County, February 22, 1851, daughter of Edwin and Priscilla (Maxwell) Upson. She graduated from Wheaton Seminary, Norton, Mass., 1869; Westfield (Mass.) normal school, 1872; has taught in Cleveland, Ohio; edited many peri odicals and special departments in magazines; is a lecturer on literary, educational and do mestic topics; and the author of a number of books. Married: January 1, 1874, at Milwau kee, Wis., to Edward Perkins Clark, a jour- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 335 nalist, who died on February 16, 1903. Resi dence: Brooklyn, N. Y. CLARK, LINCOLN, lawyer, representative in congress, was born August 9, 1800, in Con way, Mass., and died September 16, 1886, in Conway, Mass.; son of Elisha and Lucinda (Keith) Clark. He was graduated from Am herst College in 1825, and taught school in North Carolina and Virginia until 1831, read ing law In his spare time. He came to Ala bama in the latter year, and began to practice law in Pickens County. He represented that county in the State legislature in 1834 and 1835, moved to Tuscaloosa the following year, and became associated with E. Wolsey Peck, in the law firm of Peck & Clark. In 1838, he was chosen to the office of attorney-general of the state and held the position for a year. He was elected to the legislature from Tusca loosa County in 1845, but resigned the seat, to accept an appointment to the bench of the circuit court, offered by Gov. Fitzpatrick. He held that position for a few months, and was defeated in the legislature at the ensuing ses sion. In 1847, he moved to Dubuque, la., where his relations with the Democratic party were immediately established. He was a Cass elec tor in 1848, and was elected a representative to Congress from Iowa, 1851-1853. He moved to Chicago in 1862, and practiced law there until 1866, when he was made register in bankruptcy. In 1869, he returned to Conway, Mass. He was an elder in the Presbyterian church at Tuscaloosa. LaiSt residence: Con way, Mass. CLARK, LOUIS VERDIER, business man, was born April 1, 1862, at Marietta, Ga.; son of Francis Barnard and Helen Mary (Shep herd) Clark (q. v.) ; nephew of Willis Gay lord Clark (q. v.) ; brother of Francis Barnard Clark, jr. (q. v.), and of Gaylord B. Clark (q. v.). His first schooling was obtained at irregular intervals in a private school under Prof. D. R. Richardson, and he attended the University of Alabama from 1881 until 1885, graduating in the latter year with honor, A. B. While he was at the university, he was captain of Co. D, Alabama cadet corps, and was chosen to command Co. E, a picked com pany, which won first prize in a drill at the World's Exposition, New Orleans, La., May, 1885. After leaving college, he studied law, was admitted to the bar in Jasper, Walker County, in 1886, but never practiced that pro fession. He became editor and publisher of the "Mountain Eagle," in Jasper, for a short time, but in December 1886, moved to Birming ham and embarked in the insurance business in its several branches. He has resided in Birmingham continuously since that time, and was president of the most successful insur ance company, during its entire existence, ever incorporated in Alabama. He is president of several real estate companies, and a director in one of the leading banks and trust companies in Birmingham. He was elected captain of the Jefferson Volunteers, April 27, 1887, and served with that company in the famous "Hawer Riot" and in railroad and miners' strikes. He was elected colonel of the Second infantry, Alabama State troops, and com manded that regiment in the great strikes in and around Birmingham. He was appointed brigadier general of the Alabama national guard by Gov. Johnston in 1896, and re-ap pointed by every succeeding governor through the administration of Gov. O'Neal, but asked Gov. Henderson for retirement at the expira tion of his commission in May 1915. He is a Democrat, and an Episcopalian. He reached the thirty-second degree in Scottish Rite Ma sonry, and the fourteenth degree in the York rite, and is now demitted. He is an Elk, a Knight of Pythias, and a member of Phi Delta Theta college fraternity. Married: December 23, 1896, at Selma, Mildred Williamson Jones, deceased, daughter of Dr. A. W. and Augusta (Carlisle) Jones; granddaughter of E. K. Car lisle, of Selma. Children: Augusta Carlisle m. Powell Nolan, Birmingham. Residence: Birmingham. CLARK, THOMAS ALLEN, lawyer, was born December 28, 1869, at Kempville, Monroe County; son of Dr. William G. and Annie M. (Wiggins) Curry, both of Monroe County, the former a Baptist minister, serving for forty years in the ministry and changing his pas torate but twice, and a member of the Fifth Alabama infantry regiment, serving first as color bearer and later as chaplain; grandson of Allen Howell and Frances E. (Farnell) Curry, and of Thomas and Elizabeth (Randalson) Wig gins, of Kempville. He received his education at Furman academy and at Howard college, Bir mingham; read law in the office of Gov. Thomas H. Watts of Montgomery; was admitted to the bar in 1890; entered into the practice of law at Clanton, Chilton County; served as solicitor of that county, 1893-1896; as a member of the board of aldermen of Clanton; and was elected to the State senate from the fifteenth senatorial district, November, 1910, being the first mem ber of the senate ever sent from Chilton County, and the first Democrat elected to a state office from that county in twenty years. He is a Baptist. Married: August 26, 1903, at Sandy Ridge, Lowndes County, to Mrs. Clara (Broadnax) Horton, daughter of Crowell and Eudora A. (Russell) Broadnax, of Mt. Carmel, Crenshaw County, the former who served in the C. S. Army, and represented Crenshaw County in the State legislature, 1876 and 1878; granddaughter of Thomas Broadnax, a Virginian. Residence: Clanton, Chilton County. CLARK, THOMAS HARVEY, lawyer, author, was born November 16, 1857, at Pine Level, Montgomery County, and died in Washington, D. C.,; son of Henry William and Mary Susan (Wright) Clark, natives, respectively, of Spartanburg, S. O, and Georgia. The family stock came originally from Amelia County, Va., settling first in North Carolina. Mr. Clark at tended a common school in Pine Level con ducted by a Mr. Starks, until in 1870, 'when his parents moved to Birmingham. There, he attended several schools, and was prepared for college in that of Prof. G. W. Thomas. He entered Howard College, Marion, in October 1874, and was graduated there, A. B., 1877. He taught the classics and mathematics in the 336 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY high school of Montgomery, 1877-1878; en tered Harvard University as a postgraduate student, 1878-1879; returned to Alabama in 1879; began the study of law, and was ad mitted to the bar May 1880. In 1880, he at tended the summer course in law at the Uni versity of Virginia. He formed law partner ships with James Weatherly, and O. D. Sayre; moved to Texas in 1885, becoming associated with Hon. Tillman Smith, in Cleburne, John son County. He did not remain in Texas long, but returned to Alabama, and embarked in journalism as editor of the Selma "Times." Leaving the "Times," soon after, he joined the staff of the Montgomery "Advertiser." In July 1887, he gave up newspaper work, and resumed the practice of law. He was offered the po sition of recording secretary by Gov. Thomas Seay, August 1887, and held that position throughout the remainder of Gov. Seay's two terms. He was assistant secretary of the state senate, 1882-1886, and a member of the city council of Montgomery, 1890-1892. He resumed the practice of law in 1891 in association with William H. Thomas, under the firm name of Clark & Thomas. Mr. Clark was elected to the Alabama house of representatives, 1892- 1896, and during the latter two years in that body, was its speaker. He was alternate dele gate at large to the Chicago convention in 1892, and secretary of the Democratic state executive committee. In 1896, he was the na tional Democratic nominee for congress; was law librarian of congress, 1899-1903; and re porter, of the U. S. court of customs appeals, at Washington, D. C, from its organization, April 1910, until his death. He is buried in Montgomery. He was a frequent contributor to the press on various subjects, more es pecially to the Montgomery "Advertiser," the "Evening Post," and "The Nation," New York. His published work appears in "Northern Ala bama Illustrated," 1888, and in the "Memorial Record of Alabama," 1893. Married: April 13, 1877, Caroline Marks, of Montgomery, who died June 27, 1909, daughter of James and Eliza (Means) Marks. Children: 1. Thornton, b. August 5, 1890, m. Eva Mae McLendon; 2. Lewis. Last residence: Montgomery. CLARK, THOMAS W., holding an A. M. de gree; tutor in chemistry, University of Ala bama, 1875-76, Tuscaloosa. He was the son of Dr. Thomas and Nancy Walker (Davis) Clark, of Selma. Married: Sallie Brent Lewis, of Dallas County. CLARK, W. A., Presbyterian minister; mem ber of the Tuscaloosa presbytery; living in 1913. Residence: Birmingham. CLARK, WILLIS GAYLORD, public official, was born October 27, 1827, in western New York, and died September 10, 1898, at Roanoke, Va., while returning home from a visit to New York; son of Dr. Willis Fish and Charity (Barnard) Clark, natives respectively of Mans field, Windham County, Conn., and of Bolton, Mass., the former was a physician in New York for twelve years, then became a mer chant and lumberman; grandson of Oliver and Elizabeth (Fish) Clark, who lived in Connecti cut and New York, the former a soldier in the Revolution, and of John and Elizabeth (Fal lace) Barnard; great-grandson of William Fal lace, land-owner in and around Rome, N. Y., whose home, the most commodious in town, was captured by the British and used for army headquarters in the War of 1812. The Clark and Barnard families are of English descent. Sir Francis Barnard, colonial governor of New Jersey, and later governor general of Massa chusetts and New Jersey, is an ancestor. Mr. Clark was a cousin of Lewis Gaylord Clark and Willis Gaylord Clark, twin brothers, the former of whom was the founder of the "Knick erbocker Magazine," the earliest successful pub lication of its kind in the country; and brother of Francis Barnard Clark (q. v.). He began to attend school in New York when he was four years old, and after completing his high school course, spent three years at the col legiate institute at Quincy, 111., founded by David Nelson. He returned north, and for a time engaged in teaching, first in the public schools and later as principal of the Dansville Academy; in the meantime, spending his spare time in the study of law. In 1845, he read law in the office of Hon. George Hastings, of Mount Morris, N. Y., and after completing his clerkship in 1848, went south to see the coun try. With that in view, he travelled exten sively in the states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Georgia, visiting localities of interest and particularly the infant industries of those states. He spent some months in the summer of 1849 traveling in Georgia by private con veyance, from town to town and county to county, stopping at places of interest and tak ing full notes of scenery, legends, and espe cially of manufafctories. As leisure afforded, he wrote out from his notes, a series of letters to the New Orleans "Picayune," which were widely copied and attracted much attention. He also contributed occasional sketches, and political and industrial articles to the "Chron icle" and "Sentinel" of Augusta, Ga., and to the "Daily Advertiser" of Mobile. At a later date he contributed a series of sketches en titled "A Summer in Georgia," to a monthly magazine published in New York. He located in Mobile in the fall of 1849, and entered the law office of Campbell & Chandler. He was admitted to the bar in 1850, and opened prac tice in Mobile. As his time was not fully occupied at first, he accepted the position of editor of "The Southern Magazine." In 1852, Mr. Clark took editorial charge of the Mobile "Daily Advertiser," in the absence of its edi tor, Hon. C. C. Langdon, who was compelled to undergo a change In climate because of ill- health. While he was temporary editor of that paper, Mr. Clark outlined in its columns a plan for the public schools of Mobile, which was adopted as the basis of the system. On Mr. Langdon's return to Mobile he sold the "Advertiser" to Mr. Clark who retired from the practice of law and the editorship of the "Southern Magazine," and conducted the "Ad vertiser" successfully until the outbreak of war in 1861. At that time the Mobile "Regis ter" became associated with the "Advertiser," and the joint journal was continued under the REV. HENRY TRAWICK DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 339 name "Advertiser and Register," with Col. John Forsyth as co-editor. The paper was published up to the day of the surrender of Mobile. At the close of the war Mr. Clark returned to the "Advertiser and Register," and edited it for two years. Because of the high prices of book and news paper, and the scarcity of both, he organized a company in 1867 for the manu facture of paper, and built a mill near Mobile which was equipped for that purpose. Hav ing been chosen president of the paper com pany, he sold his interest in the "Advertiser and Register," and engaged actively in manu facturing enterprises. He was president of the Washington Avenue Railroad Company, during the period of its construction; and was engaged actively in the manufacture of shin gles, naval stores and lumber. From the date of the organization of the public schools of Mobile, October 1852, Mr. Clark was a mem ber of the board of school commissioners of Mobile County, and was at a time, president of the body. In 1865, he was elected a trustee of the University of Alabama, and held the po sition until, under the constitution of 1868, the office was abrogated. In 1875 when the new constitution was adopted, restoring the government of the state university to a board of trustees, and provided for their appointment by the governor, by and with the consent of the senate, Mr. Clark was appointed and con firmed as trustee in March, 1876, and by succes sive reappointments, held the office until his death in 1898. As chairman of the building committee, he obtained appropriations from the legislature for new buildings, and in recognition of his services, the trustees named Clark Hall in his honor. When, in 1884, the congress of the United States donated to the state forty- six thousand eighty acres of public lands for the university, Mr. Clark was made chairman of the committee of three appointed for the management of the land. He was also chair man from 1877 until his death, of the commit tee to prepare the reports required by law, of the trustees, to be submitted at each session of the general assembly of the state. Mr. Clark succeeded Enoch Morgan as president pro tempore, the governor of the state being the ex-officio president. In 1888, he prepared, on request of the commissioner of education, a monograph on "The History of Education in Alabama," which was published by the United States bureau of education in 1889. Mr. Clark took an active part in politics dur ing the reconstruction period; he was chair man of the Democratic executive committee of Mobile County, of the executive committee for the first congressional district, and a mem ber of the state executive committee. In the spring of 1885, he was appointed, by President Cleveland, collector of the port of Mobile; held the office all during Cleveland's administration, and for more than a year under Mr. Harrison, who declined to remove him or appoint a suc cessor before his commission expired because of his excellent record. In addition to the his tory mentioned, Mr. Clark was author of chap ters on "Progress of Education" and "State In dustrial Interests," in the "Memorial Record of Alabama," 1893; and large numbers of edi torial articles and fugitive papers. He was an honorary vice-president of the Alabama His torical Society. Married: Caroline (Erwin) Scott, daughter of Col. John P. Erwin, of Nashville, Tenn. They had no children. Last residence: Mobile. CLARKE, CHARLES SMITH, railroad of ficial, was born July 16, 1863, at Frederick, Md.; son of James C. and Susannah (Shaffer) Clarke, the former a native of Unity, Mont gomery County, Md., who lived in New York, Chicago, Baltimore, New Orleans, and Mobile, and filled various responsible positions with railroads of importance; grandson of William and Elizabeth (Simpson) Clarke, natives of Maryland, who lived at Unity, Montgomery County, Md., and of Peter and Susan Shaffer, natives of Frederick, Md. The ancestors of the Clarke family were from the south of Eng land and the north of Ireland, and they came over with the colonists who settled Maryland, some of them holding clerical positions under Lord Baltimore. During his early years, Mr. Clarke attended Frederick Academy, Maryland; later he was a student in Allen's Academy in Chicago, and finally of Soule College in New Orleans, La. In 1880, he became a machinist apprentice, and during the next five years perfected himself in mechanical drawing and engineering in the employ of the Illinois Cen-. tral Railroad. He was installed as master mechanic of the Chicago division of that rail road in 1887, held that position for three years; became division superintendent of the Mobile & Ohio railroad; was promoted to general su perintendent of that line; and finally to gen eral manager of the road. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. CLARKE, JAMES S., lawyer, was born in 1830, in Lawrence County; son of Dr. Clarke, a well-known citizen of that county. He was well educated, studied law, and was licensed to practice. In 1857, he was elected to repre sent Lawrence County in the State legislature, and was a delegate to the constitutional con vention of 1861 from the same county. He was again elected to the lower house of the legislature in 1863, and five years later was voted for and declared elected to the bench of the circuit court, a position he held for many years. His brother, Dr. John M. Clarke, represented Lawrence County in the State legis lature in 1865. Last residence: Lawrence County. CLARKE, JOHN R., deputy grand high priest, grand chapter Masons, 1854, deputy grand master, grand council, 1856. CLARKE, LEWIS, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Jackson County; private Virginia Militia; enrolled on November 4, 1833, under the act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $20. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Jack son County, June 1, 1840, aged 77. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. 340 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY CLARKE, N. R., lawyer, living in 1913. Resi dence: Mobile. CLARKE, RICHARD HENRY, lawyer, repre sentative in congress, was born February 9, 1843, at Dayton, Marengo County, and died September 26, 1906, at Mobile; son of William Edward and Rebecca (Raincock) Clarke (q. v.) ; grandson of Thomas and Mary (Pegram) Clarke, and of George and Rebecca (Potham) Raincock, of Norfolk, Va. He acquired his preliminary education at Prof. Henry Tut- wiler's school at Green Springs, Hale County, and entered the University of Alabama, where he was graduated with highest honors, A. B., July 1861. Almost immediately after gradua tion, he entered the C. S. Army, and was ap pointed second lieutenant, First battalion of artillery, Alabama regulars. During the years 1862-1864, he was with the Twenty-first Alabama regiment as executive officer at Fort Morgan. Returning home after the war, he studied law with his father, at Demopolis, and was admitted to the bar in 1867. In 1872, he was named solicitor for Marengo County, and served in that capacity until 1876. The following year, he became state prosecuting attorney of the seventh judicial circuit of Alabama, and held the office until 1879. He moved from Demopolis to Mobile in 1881, and entered a law partnership with the late Thomas McCartney. During the first year of his residence in Mobile, Mr. Clarke defended with out pay, twenty citizens of Wilcox County, who were brought to Mobile for trial on charges of intimidation arising out of the political conditions existing in Alabama dur ing the reconstruction period, and, through his labors, all were acquitted. Mr. Clarke was elected to congress in 1889 from the first district, and was successively returned to the Fifty-second, Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses, serving until March 4, 1894. While in the U. S. House of Repre sentatives, he took an active part in all mat ters of general concern, with particular atten tion to the rivers and harbors of Alabama. His . position as a member of the rivers and harbors committee of the house, gave him an excellent opportunity to render efficient serv ice to his state. His last public service was as a member of the state legislature of 1900- 1901, in which body he was a recognized leader. He was a Democrat, and was chair man of the Democratic executive committee of Marengo County, 1873-1877; and a member of the Episcopal church. Married: (1) October 1861, Mary Kate Burke, daughter of Thomas Jefferson and Sarah (Owen) Burke, who lived at Tuscaloosa; (2) August 15, 1877, Helen Gaines Foote, daughter of Charles King and Sarah B. (Lyon) Foote, of Mobile. Chil dren, by first marriage: 1. William Edward, deceased; 2. Mabel Radford, m. J. Manley Foster, resides at Tuscaloosa; 3. Kathleen Mary, deceased; 4. Mary Clifton, deceased. By second marriage: 5. Helen Gaines, m. Henry George Smith, resides in New York; 6. Mary Morris, m. Carl Herndon Seals, resides in Birmingham. Last residence: Mobile. CLARKE, THOMAS, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 79, and a resident of Tuscaloosa County; private N. C. Militia; en rolled on September 26, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $60; sums received to date of publication of list, $180. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. CLARKE, THOMAS D., lawyer, was born in North Carolina early in the nineteenth cen tury, and died in 1847 at Tuscaloosa; son of Jeremiah and Eleanor (Boone) Clarke, who lived in Burke County, now Caldwell, near the Catawba River, N. C, the former a farmer, and a native of North Carolina, the latter a stanch Baptist, who died in 1820, and a descendant of Daniel Boone. He was a brother of Rev. Nathan Lytle Clarke, a Bap tist minister of Mississippi, who founded and for fifteen years, edited the "Mississippi Bap tist," the organ of the Baptist General Asso ciation; aided in the organization of about one hundred churches; was pastor of the De catur, Miss., Baptist church for fifty-eight years, and of the Baptist church at Newton, Miss., for thirty-five years; was president of the General Association for fifty-one successive years, and moderator of the Mt. Pisgah Asso ciation for fifty-one years. In 1835, his father's estate having been divided up and the old homestead abandoned, Mr. Clarke went to Alabama, and although without patrimony or much education, he equipped himself as a lawyer, was admitted to the bar, and settled in Talladega to practice law. He soon at-~ tracted public notice, and in the summer of 1843, was nominated and elected by the Demo cratic party to the State legislature. Some time later, he .was made attorney general of the state, and changed his residence to Tus caloosa, then the seat of government, where his official duties required his presence. He soon became a recognized figure, with the re spect of the court, but his rapid rise in pro fessional circles was cut short by his death in 1847. A few years previous to his death he had married a sister of James R. Powell, of Montgomery. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. CLARKE, WILLIAM EDWARD, lawyer, was born in Petersburg, Chesterfield County, Va., in 1815, and died at an advanced age in Demop olis; son of Thomas and Mary (Pegram) Clarke, who lived at Petersburg, Va., until they moved to Dayton, the former a planter, who served in the War of 1812, with the rank of major; and nephew of Robert Clarke, esq., who represented Marengo County in the State legislature in 1838 and 1839. Both the Clarkes and Pegrams were well-known Virginia families of English descent. Mr. Clarke took an academic and law course at William and Mary College, Williamsburg, Va., and in 1837 came to Marengo County. For many years he practiced law there, at Dayton, being as sociated at different times with William M. Byrd, William M. Brooks, and George G. Lyon. He was appointed solocitor of the second cir- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 341 cult to fill a vacancy, and in the fall of 1846, had his appointment confirmed by election to the office. After his term had expired, he declined re-election, and devoted himself more exclusively to the practice of law in Marengo and adjoining counties. He contested the senatorial district of Greene and Marengo Counties in 1855, but his party was in the minority, and he was defeated. He was a delegate to the secession convention of Ala bama, 1861, from Marengo County, and voted for the withdrawal of the state from the Fed eral Union. In that same year he was elected to the State senate from Greene and Marengo Counties, and held his seat in that body until the last session under the Confederate gov ernment, 1865. When Mr. Jemison was elected to the senate of the C. S. A., Mr. Clarke succeeded him as chairman of the com mittee on finance and taxation. After the war ended, he retired from public life, and took up his residence in Demopolis, forming a law partnership with his eldest son. He was a Democrat. Married: Rebecca Raincock, daugh ter of George and Rebecca (Potham) Rain cock, who lived at Norfolk, Va., the former of whom came from England to the United States when he was eighteen years old, and settled in Norfolk. Children: Several sons, the eldest of whom was Richard Henry (q. v.) ; Carter Pegram, the next in order of birth, was born February 4, 1845, was graduated from the University of Virginia, C.E., 1869, was a member of the signal corps at Fort Morgan, C. S. A., and died of yellow fever, September 25, 1873, at Beaver Meadow. Last residence: Demopolis. CLARKSON, EDGAR L., lawyer, was born in Charleston, S. C, in 1848; son of Thomas B. and S. Caroline (Heriot) Clarkson, who moved from Charleston, S. C, to Columbia, S. C, in the early fifties, lived there until just before the close of the War of Secession, when their home was destroyed at the cap ture and burning of the city, February 1865, after the war spent much of their time in Alabama with their daughter, Mrs. Peter Bryce, and by their request, were buried at Tuscaloosa. The lineage of the Clarkson family has been traced back to the fifteenth century, and is of both English and Scotch origin. Mr. Clarkson enlisted as a private in the C. S. Army, joining Co. K, Seventh South Carolina infantry regiment,, during the last year of the War of Secession; and served until the end of the struggle. He was fifteen years old at the time of his enlistment, and was the youngest of eight sons, all of whom fought for the Confederacy. After the war was over, he entered the University of South Carolina, and was graduated as valedictorian, A. B., 1868. The following year, he obtained a diploma in the School of Civil and Military Engineering from the same institution, and immediately afterward, went to Alabama to live. In 1870, he began to study law under H. M. Somerville, later associate justice of the supreme court of Alabama, at Tuscaloosa. He was admitted to the bar in 1871, went to Mobile where he spent a few months in the office of Hon. Thomas H. Herndon, afterward member of the U. S. Congress; and located in Birmingham in 1872 as local law partner of Mr. Somerville. After three years, that partnership was terminated, and Mr. Clark son became associated with Ellis Phelan, later secretary of state of Alabama. In 1876, he was appointed to codify the city ordinances of Birmingham; was appointed register in chancery for Jefferson County in January 1885; and declined reappointment the follow ing year. He is an Episcopalian. Married: in 1875, Augusta Jolly, daughter of Col. John J. Jolly, of Greene County, a soldier, lawyer, and statesman, well known to Alabama his tory. They have five children. Residence: Birmingham. CLAY, CLEMENT CLAIBORNE, lawyer, U. S. senator, was born in 1817, at Huntsville, and died January 3, 1882, at Huntsville; son of Clement Comer and Susanna Claiborne (Withers) Clay (q. v.) ; brother of John Withers Clay (q. v.). He was graduated from the University of Alabama, B. A., 1834, A. M., 1837, and served as private secretary to his father during the latter's term as governor of Alabama, 1835-1837. Later he studied law in the University of Virginia, was admitted to the bar in 1840, and began to practice law in Huntsville; at the same time, becoming editor of the "Huntsville Democrat." He was elected to the State legislature in 1842, and was re-eleoted in 1844 and 1845. During the session of 1842, he offered resolutions instruct ing the senators and representatives in con gress to vote for the bill refunding to Gen. Jackson the amount of the fine imposed upon him by Judge Hall, at New Orleans, in 1815, for establishing martial law in the city, under which the judge was imprisoned for discharg ing a member of the Louisiana legislature committed to prison by Gen. Jackson. Dur ing his last session in the legislature, Mr. Clay was elected judge of the county court of Madison County. He held that office for two years, resigning in 1848. In 1853, he was a candidate for the lower house of con gress, but was defeated by Hon. W. R. W. Cobb, of Jackson. When the legislature met that winter, his party in that body nominated him for a seat in the U. S. Senate, and he was elected for a term of six years to succeed Col. Clemens. He at once took his seat in the senate and held it for nine years. He was re-elected in 1859, receiving every vote cast. In the senate, Mr. Clay was distin guished for his advocacy of the doctrine of state sovereignty and for his adherence to the school of constitutional interpretation, of which Mr. Calhoun was a great champion. He advocated the admission of Kansas as a state under the Lecompton pro-slavery con stitution. When Alabama dissolved her rela tions with the United States, he withdrew with his colleagues, January 1861. Upon the organization of the government of the C. S. A., a few months later, Mr. Clay was elected a senator, and was a member of the first 342 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY congress of the Confederacy until 1863, when he was superceded by the Hon. Richard W. Walker. In April, 1864, he represented the C. S. A. in Canada, returning in January, 1865. When the surrender of the armies in Virginia and North Carolina took place, he started on horseback for Texas, but hearing that he was charged with complicity in the murder of President Lincoln, and that a reward was offered for his apprehension, he rode one hundred and fifty miles to surrender himself to the federal authorities at Macon, Ga. He was taken to Augusta, and placed on the same boat with Jefferson Davis, and confined with the latter in Fortress Monroe. He was held for twelve months without be ing brought to trial, and finally through the efforts of his wife, who had personal inter views with the president and the secretary of war of the United States, he was released, May, 1866. From that time until his death, he practiced law in Huntsville and planted in Jackson County. Married: February 1, 1843, at Tuscaloosa, Virginia Caroline Tun stall (q. v.), daughter of Dr. Peyton Tunstall, formerly of Virginia; a near relative of Mrs. Collier, wife of Chief Justice Collier of Tus caloosa, at whose home she was married. After her husband's death, Mrs. Clay retained the possession of all his papers consisting of letters, manuscripts, diaries, and journals. She later married David Clopton (q. v.). Last residence: Huntsville. CLAY, CLEMENT COMER, lawyer, repre sentative in congress, governor of Alabama, U. S. senator, was born December 17, 1789, in Halifax County, Va., and died September 7, 1866, in Huntsville; son of William and Rebecca (Comer) Clay, the former a soldier in the Revolutionary war, enlisted at the age of sixteen years, took part in several battles and was at the siege of Yorktown, after the war moved to Grainger County, Tenn., and became a planter; grandson of James Clay, a Virginian of English descent, and of Samuel Comer, also a Virginian of English ancestry, who married a Miss Claiborne. He was only a few years old, when his parents located in Tennessee, and he grew to manhood on the plantation in Grainger County, beginning his education in the ordinary private schools of the day, and completing it with his gradua tion from the East Tennessee University, Knoxville, 1807. He read law with Hon. Hugh Lawson White, at Knoxville, Tenn., and was admitted to the bar, December, 1809. Two years later, he moved to Alabama, arriving in Huntsville with one negro manservant, two horses, his law books in his saddle-bags and a small sum of money, enough for a few days subsistence. He soon built up a law practice in that place. At the beginning of the Creek war in 1813, he volunteered in a Madison County battalion as a private, was promoted to adjutant of the regiment and as signed to the frontier, south of the Tennessee River, to repel the Indian attacks. Mr. Clay was elected a member of the territorial legis lature of Alabama in 1817, which met at St. Stephens, then the capital of the state. In 1819, he was a delegate from Madison County to the first constitutional convention at Huntsville, and was appointed the chairman of a committee of fifteen to draft the consti tution, which was afterward adopted as the fundamental law of the state. In December, 1819, he was elected without opposition, by the legislature, one of the four circuit judges of the state, and although the youngest of the number, was elected chief justice of the state by his three associates, the four circuit judges constituting the supreme court. In 1823, he resigned that position to resume his law practice. Mr. Clay was elected to the State legis lature from Madison County, 1827, and on his arrival at Tuscaloosa, then the capital, was unanimously elected speaker of the house. The year after, he was elected to congress, defeating Capt. Nicholas Davis of Limestone County, after a warm canvass; and was re elected without opposition, serving through the Twenty-first, Twenty-second and Twenty- third congresses, in all, from 1825 to 1831. One of his services while in that body, was the securing of the passage of laws for the relief of purchasers of land in Alabama. He opposed the effort to recharter the United States bank, and conspicuously advocated the measures of Jackson's administration. In 1835, he was nominated as Democratic candi date for governor, and was elected over Gen. Enoch Parsons, by thirteen thousand votes, the largest majority given any candidate for that office up to that time. During his ad ministration as governor, the Creek Indians within the limits of Alabama became hostile. As commander-in-chief of the state, Gov. Clay ordered out troops and took the field in per son, in active cooperation with Maj.-Gen. Scott and Maj.-Gen. Jesup of the U. S. Army, who subsequently took command of the volunteers from Alabama and the adjoining states, to operate against the Indians. His administra tion was also disturbed by the financial crisis of 1837. Before the expiration of his term in 1837, Gov. Clay was chosen to the U. S. senate, to fill the vacancy made by the appointment of Senator John McKinley to the supreme bench. He took his seat at the extra session called by President Van Buren in September, 1837, and served, supporting the administra tion, until after the extra session of 1841, when sickness in the family caused him to resign. Mr. Clay was appointed to make a digest of the laws of Alabama, and at the session of 1842, reported the manuscript to the legis lature, which, after examination by the ju diciary committee, was accepted and approved. In 1843, it was published, and has been used as authority in the courts since that time. In 1843 he served a few months in the su preme court to fill a vacancy, and in 1846 was elected one of the commissioners to wind up the affairs of the state bank. After the completion of those duties, he resumed the practice of law, in partnership with his two sons. He favored the secession movement in DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 343 1861. When the Federal troops invaded north Alabama during the War of Secession, his home was seized, soldiers were quartered on him, and he was kept under military arrest for some time. He was a Democrat. Mar ried: in 1815, near Huntsville, Susanna Clai borne Withers, daughter of John and Mary Herbert (Jones) Withers, of Huntsville, the former of whom was a native of Dinwiddle County, Va.; sister of Gen. Jonas M. Withers. Children: 1. Clement Claiborne (q. v.); 2. John Withers (q. v.) ; 3. Hugh Lawson, d., law yer, b. January 24, 1823, captain in the Mexi can war, member of the staff of Gen. E. Kirby Smith, and colonel, C. S. Army, m. Celeste Comer. Last residence: Huntsville. CLAY, J. L, mayor of Selma, 1904-08. Resi dence: Selma. CLAY, JOHN WITHERS, publisher and editor, was born January 11, 1820, at Hunts ville, and died 189 — , at Huntsville; son of Clement Comer and Susanna Claiborne (With ers) Clay (q. v.), brother of Clement Clai borne Clay (q. v.). He received his prelimi nary education from Old Green Academy at Huntsville; was graduated from the Univer sity of Alabama, A. B., when he was seventeen years of age; and from the University of Virginia, A. M., four years later. He was the first graduate who lived outside of the state of Virginia, to receive the master's degree at that university. While he was a student there, his brother, Senator Clement Claiborne Clay, who was studying for his bachelor's degree, temporarily lost his eyesight. Mr. Clay tutored him successfully, until Senator Clay received the degree with high honors. He practiced law for two years with his father, Gov. Clay; then became editor of the "Hunts ville Democrat." He edited that paper for forty years, during which time it was first a daily and later a weekly newspaper. He was a Democrat and an Episcopalian, being for more than forty years senior warden of the Church of Nativity at Huntsville. He edited "Clay's Digest," written by his father, Gov. C. C. Clay. Married: in 1847, at Hunts ville, Mary Fenneich Lewis, daughter of John Haywood and Mary Margaret (Betts) Lewis who lived in Connecticut. Children: 1. Cara Lisa, d. at the age of five years; 2. Clement Comer, d. at the age of twenty-one years; 3. John Withers, d. at the age of two years; 4. Mary Lewis, d. at the age of forty-seven years; 5. William Lewis (q. v.), d. at the age of fifty-seven years; 6. Clarence Herbert, d. at the age of two years; 7. Susanna, re sides at Huntsville; 8. J., resides at Birming ham; 9. Virginia Clementine, d. at the age of twenty-nine years; 10. Ellen- Lewis, d. at the age of one year; 11. Elodie, resides at Huntsville. Last residence: Huntsville. CLAY, S. M., business man, was born Oc tober 13, 1844, in Simm's Settlement, now Elkmont; son of Samuel Mitchell and Eliza (Henderson) Clay, the former a native of Greenville County, N. C, born October 19, 1787, died August 25, 1844, came to Alabama in 1825, settling near Elkmont, where he re mained until his death, built the first gin in Limestone County, and was a stockholder in the bank of Decatur when that bank failed in 1837, the latter a native of Abbeville Dis trict, S. C, born June 1, 1816, and died March 1, 1886; grandson of Samuel and Martha (Walls) Clay, natives of Virginia, the former a member of the North Carolina legislature several terms, and a close relative of Henry Clay and of Thomas and Margaret (Grigby) Henderson, natives of Virginia, the former a soldier in the War of 1812, the latter, who came to Alabama in 1821, and settled on Piney Creek, Limestone County; great-grandson of Nathaniel Henderson, a Virginian, who fought in the Revolution. Mr. Clay was reared on a farm, and interrupted his schooling to enter the C. S. Army, March, 1862. He enlisted in Co. F, Ninth Alabama regiment, under Capt. Thomas B. Hobbs, and served until July 2, 1863, when he lost his left arm in the battle of Gettysburg. After finishing his schooling, he taught until he was interrupted by the Federal soldiers. He then taught one year in Tennessee, but returned to Alabama the following year. After his marriage, Mr. Clay farmed for a year, then embarked in the mer cantile business in Giles County, Tenn.; in 1872 he moved his business to Limestone County, but returned to Tennessee the next year and resumed farming. He returned to Alabama and in 1888 was elected county superintendent of education of Limestone County, served one term, and was a member of the board for many years. He was prin cipal assistant postmaster at Elkmont for some years; established the Elkmont "Enter prise" in 1890; was editor and proprietor of that paper for one year, then moved it to Athens and consolidated with the Limestone "Advertiser," of which he was editor and proprietor for a short time. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, south. Married: (1) 1866, Mary V. Daly, born Feb ruary 23, 1847, and died June 25, 1873, daugh ter of Thomas B. and Ann (Abernathy) Daly, natives respectively of Virginia and Tennessee; (2) August 6, 1875, Clara P. Hartsell, born Au gust 12, 1854, in Madison County, author, poet, and composer, daughter of J. W. and Eliza J. (Pettey) Hartsell. Children, by first mar riage:' 1. William T.; 2. Samuel N; 3. de ceased; by second marriage: 4. Francis H; 5. Clara E.; 6. Pryor H; 7. Alice N. Resi dence: Limestone County CLAY, WILLIAM LEWIS, lawyer, was born September 30, 1852, at Huntsville, Madison County, and died September 5, 1911, at Hunts ville; son of John Withers and Mary Fenneich (Lewis) Clay (q. v.) ; grandson of John Hay wood and Mary Margaret (Betts) Lewis, and Gov. Clement Comer and Susanna Claiborne (Withers) Clay (q. v.) ; nephew of Clement Comer Clay (q. v.). Until he was fifteen years of age, he was schooled by his mother, who had been educated in Paris. He studied law in the office of George A. Garden of Huntsville, 344 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY was admitted to the bar, and began his law practice in Huntsville, where he spent prac tically all of his life. He held no elective office, but was appointed secretary of the State senate, and remained in that position for twenty consecutive years with the reputation of never having made a mistake in any of his journals. He was a Democrat, a member of the Episcopal church; and a Woodman of the World. Married: June 27, 1906, at Nash ville, Tenn., Susanna Clay Battle, daughter of William Augustus and Susanna Clay (With ers) Battle, who lived at Tuscaloosa. Chil dren: 1. William Lewis, resides at Huntsville. Last residence: Huntsville. CLAYBROOK, WILLOUGHBY NEWTON, Episcopal clergyman, was born September 1, 1869, at "The Park," Westmoreland County, Va.; son of Edwin C. and Judith White (New ton) Claybrook, the former a native of "Pied mont," Northumberland County, who later lived at "The Hague," Va., lawyer, member Company C, Ninth Virginia cavalry, under Gen. W. H. F. Lee; grandson of Col. Richard A. and Charlotte (Brown) Claybrook, of "Piedmont," and of Willoughby and Mary (Brockenbrough) Newton of "Linden," Westmoreland County, member of congress from the first Virginia district, and aided in bringing about the an nexation of Texas. Other ancestors are Col. Theodore Bland, Speaker Robinson of the Vir ginia house of burgesses, and Carter Braxton, signer of the Declaration of Independence. The maternal great-grandfather, William Brock enbrough, was for thirty years chief justice of the Virginia supreme court, and his home in Richmond, became the "White House" of the Confederacy, now the Confederate museum. Rev. Mr. Claybrook, graduated at Washing ton and Lee university, 1895; and the Theo logical seminary of Virginia, 1899, as bachelor of divinity. He was ordained deacon in 1898, priest in 1899; has served as rector at Wash ington, Va., Tyler, Tex., Huntsville, and at St. Mary's on the Highlands, at Birmingham. He was the Episcopal dean of Birmingham, the Bishop's chaplain, and has served as a mem ber of the standing committee of the Diocese. He is a Mason. Married: September 6, 1905, in Huntsville, to Belle B., daughter of William H. and Helen (Nesbit) Fariss of that place. Children: 1. Willoughby Newton. Residence: Texas. CLAY-CLOPTON, MRS. VIRGINIA, author, social leader, was born January 17, 1825, in Nash County, N. C; daughter of Peyton Ran dolph and Anne (Arrington) Tunstall, who lived in Nash County, N. C, the former of whom was a physician, and practiced his pro fession at Mount Vernon, on the Alabama River, for years; niece of Thomas Barker Tunstall, secretary of state of Alabama during the administration of Gov. C. C. Clay, and clerk in the house of representatives of the Alabama legislature for many years; granddaughter of Gen. William and Mary (Williams) Arrington, and of William and Elizabeth (Barker) Tun stall. The Tunstalls are of English and Welsh origin. An ancestor fell at the battle of Flod- den Field, as is memoralized by Sir Walter Scott in "Marmion" — "Tunstall lies dead upon the field; His life blood stains his spotless shield." Sir Cuthbert Tunstall was bishop of London during Queen Anne's reign, and is to day to be seen in Windsor Castle, in the hall of the Knights of the Garter. He also had jurisdiction of Fountain's Abbey, now an in teresting ruin in England. Mrs. Clay-Clopton's mother died at the age of twenty years, leaving the two children, Vir ginia, three years old, and Mary Ann, an in fant, who died soon after. The former was brought to Alabama from North Carolina when she was five years old, to the home of Hon. Henry W. Collier, of Tuscaloosa, whose wife was the half-sister of Mrs. Tunstall. She was educated in Tuscaloosa and in Nashville, Tenn., was graduated in 1840, and married in 1842. During her husband's period of service in the U. S. senate, Mrs. Clay was a very prominent figure in the social and political life of Wash ington. Her reminiscences and memories of life at the capitol in the decade prior to the breaking out of the War of Secession have been collected and put into narrative form by Ada Sterling, in a volume entitled "A Belle of the Fifties," Doubleday, Page & Company, New York, 1904. In that work,' Mrs. Clay- Clopton gives anecdotes of Presidents Pierce, Buchanan and Lincoln, Jefferson Davis and other leaders of the Confederacy; Marcy, Cush- ing, Crittenden, Patti, Jenny Lind, Thackeray; and many other notabilities of that quarter century. The scope of the book covers the years 1853-1866. During President Davis' con finement as a prisoner in Fortress Monroe, after the close of the war, Senator Clay, who had represented the Confederate government as its agent in Canada in 1864 and 1865, was arrested on the charge of complicity in the murder of Abraham Lincoln, and incarcerated in the same prison with Mr. Davis. After he had been held without trial for a year, Mrs. Clay was successful in securing his release at the hands of the Federal authorities. In 1885, Mrs. Clay made the tour of Europe, chaperon ing two young ladies, and received much at tention from Lord and Lady Napier, the lat ter of whom had formerly been ambassador to the United States. She spent the latter part of her life at her mountain home, 'Wild- wood," in Madison County. Married: (1) Feb ruary 1, 1842, Clement Claiborne Clay (q. v.) who died January, 1882, at "Wildwood"; (2) November, 1887, Hon. David Clopton (q. v.), who died 1891, at Montgomery. Last resi dence: "Wildwood," near Gurley, Madison County. CLAYTON, BERTRAM TRACY, colonel, U. S. Army, and congressman, was born October 19, 1862, at Clayton, and was killed in 1918, in France; son of Henry De Lamar and Vic toria Virginia (Hunter) Clayton (q. v.); brother of Henry De Lamar Clayton (q. v.) ; of Lee Johnston Clayton (q. v.) ; and of Jeff Davis Clayton (q. v.). He was a student at the University of Alabama, 1880-82, and grad uated from the United States military academy, 1886. He was appointed a second lieutenant CLEON B. ROGERS DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 347 in the 11th United States infantry, resigning in April, 1888, to become a civil engineer at Brooklyn, N. Y. He was adjutant, 13th regi ment, National Guard, New York State, 1890; major and engineer, 2nd brigade, 1894; organ ized Troop C, and elected captain, 1896, com manding this company during the Spanish- American War, and served through the Porto Rican campaign. From 1899-1901 he was col onel of the 14th regiment, National Guard, New York State, and served as a member of the Fifty-fifth congress, March 4, 1899-March 3, 1901. He re-entered the United States Army and was appointed captain and quartermaster, February 2, 1901; major and quartermaster, March 3, 1911; constructing quartermaster in charge of the erection of new riding hall and the new academic building, United States mili tary academy, 1911-13; and chief quartermas ter of U. S. troops in Canal Zone to 1917. Dur ing the European War he was chief quarter master, 1st division, 1st army corps, A. E. F., in France, and was serving in that capacity when killed. Married: (1) June 12, 1887, to Louise M. Brasher, of Brooklyn, N. Y.; (2) September 2, 1907, to Mary D. Watson, of New Orleans, La. Children: William Brasher, m. Claudia McKenzie, residence, Dallas, Texas; 2. Bertram Tracy, m. Lucile Hill, residence, Labi- nia, Calif. Last residence: New Yorit CLAYTON, DANIEL, captain of a company in the 3rd Confederate cavalry. Deceased. Last residence: DeKalb County. CLAYTON, HENRY DE LAMAR, lawyer, major general, C. S. Army, and educator, was born March 7, 1827, in Pulaski County, Ga., and died October 3, 1889, at Tuscaloosa; son of Nelson and Sara (Carruthers) Clayton, the former a farmer who represented Pulaski County, Ga., for many years in the Georgia legislature, and in 1838 removed to Alabama and settled in Lee County, near Opelika; grand son of Thomas and Sallie (De Lamar) Clay ton; great-grandson of James Clayton; great- great-grandson of James Clayton, immigrant from England to Maryland, who later located in North Carolina. General Clayton is a des cendant on his paternal side of James Leigth, a Revolutionary soldier of Georgia. The Car ruthers are of Scotch and French descent. He was educated at Vineville, near Macon, Ga., and graduated from Emory and Henry college, Va., in 1848. He read law in the office of Shorter brothers in Eufaula, and was admitted to the bar in 1849, opening an office in Clay ton. He was elected a representative to the State legislature in 1857, and again in 1859. At the outbreak of the War of Secession he urged Governor Moore to accept the "Clayton guards" and the "Eufaula rifles," which com posed a part of the 3rd regiment, Alabama volunteer corps, of which he was then colonel, but upon the governor's refusal to accept the regiment, he was mustered in as a private in the "Clayton guards." The governor finding that he was determined to go ordered him to Pensacola to take charge of all of the Alabama volunteers, and to organize them into regi ments as soon as possible. On March 28, 1861, Vol. Ill— 23 he organized the 1st Alabama regiment and was elected its colonel. Remaining in this capacity for a year he then returned to Alabama, organ izing at Opelika the 39th Alabama infantry regiment of which he was elected colonel, May 15, 1862. He commanded this regiment in Gen. Bragg's Kentucky campaign, receiving a wound at Murfreesboro that necessitated his absence for thirty days. He was appointed brigadier general, April 25, 1863, his commis sion to rank from April 22, 1863, and the Eighteenth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-eighth, Thirty- second, and Fifty-eighth Alabama regiments were placed under his command. Upon the reorganization of the troops in July and August, 1863, his brigade consisted of the' Eighteenth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty-eighth Alabama regi ments and Capt. John T. Humphrey's Arkansas battery. His brigade played an important part in the battles of Chickamauga, Rocky Face Mountain and New Hope. On July 7, 1864, he was appointed major general and was assigned to what was Stuart's division, which was composed of Stovall's, Baker's, Gibson's and Holtzclaw's brigade. He commanded these troops in the campaigns of the Army of Ten nessee, was wounded several times, and at Jonesborough had three horses killed under him. He fought at the battle of Nashville and covered the retreat of the Confederate Army on December 16, 1864, being relieved by Gen- ral Stevenson's division on the following day. At the engagements of March 19 and 21, near Bentonville, N. C, their service was invalu able, the latter date being the last battle in which they participated. At the close of the war he turned his attention to his profession and to farming. In May, 1866, he was elected judge of the third judicial circuit court of Alabama holding this position until 1868, when he was removed under the reconstruction acts of congress. He again returned to the prac tice of law and farming. In 1880 he was again elected judge of the third judicial circuit court, resigning April 10, 1886, to become a candidate for governor, but suffered defeat in this issue. In June, 1886, he was elected president and professor of international law, University of Alabama, at the same time receiving the hon orary degree of LL. D. from that institution. He served with marked ability in this capacity for two years. He was an Episcopalian and a Democrat. Married: in 1850, to Victoria Virginia, daughter of Gen. John L. Hunter (q. v.). Children: 1. Nelson, d. in infancy; 2. Sarah Elizabeth, m. Andrew Maxwell Mat thews; 3. Joseph A., m. Eugenia Williamson, of Birmingham; 4. Teresa, d. in infancy; 5. Henry D., (q. v.); 6. Thomas Nelson, m. Nora Jennings, of Eufaula; 7. Victoria Vir ginia, m. Wiley Williams, of Columbus, Ga.; 8. Bertram Tracy, (q. v.) ; 9. Mary Eliott; 10. Helen Davis, m. Dr. H. C. Rogers, of Muscogee, Okla.; 11. Jeff Davis (q. v.) ; 12. Junius Pugh, lawyer, Ozark, Okla.; 13. Lee Johnston (q. v.). Last residence: Tuscaloosa. CLAYTON, HENRY DE LAMAR, lawyer, con gressman, and federal judge, was born Feb ruary 10, 1857, in Barbour County; son of Gen. Henry D. and Victoria Virginia (Hunter) 348 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Clayton (q. v.) ; brother of Lee Johnston Clay ton (q. v.) ; of Bertram T. Clayton (q. v.) ; and of Jeff Davis Clayton (q. v.) ; Judge Clayton entered the University of Alabama in 1875, receiving the degrees of A. B., 1877, and LL. B., 1878. He began the prac tice of his profession at Clayton in 1878; was register in chancery of Barbour County, 1880-84; practiced at Eufaula, 1880-1914; rep resentative in State legislature, 1890-91; and United States district attorney, middle district of Alabama, 1893-96. In 1897 he was elected as a Democrat to the fifty-fifth congress and to the seven succeeding congresses, serving from March 4, 1897, to May, 1914, resigning at the latter date to accept the appointment of United States district judge of the middle and north ern districts of Alabama. Married: (1) in 1882, to Virginia Ball, daughter of Gen. Wil liam Wirt Allen (q. v.); (2) to Bettie, daugh ter of the late Samuel M. Davis, of Georgetown, Ky. Residence: Montgomery. CLAYTON, JEFF DAVIS, lawyer and planter, was born April 13, 1869, near Clayton, Barbour County; son of Gen. Henry De Lamar and Vic toria Virginia (Hunter) Clayton (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of Clay ton; graduated A. B., 1890, from the University of Alabama; took the LL. B. degree in 1892, from Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn. He practiced law at Eufaula from 1893 until 1903, when on account of ill health he engaged in planting, which pursuit he now follows. Un til his election as a member of the house of representatives of 1919 from Barbour County, he had never held office. He is a Democrat; and an Episcopalian. He is unmarried. Resi dence: Clayton. CLAYTON, LEE JOHNSTON, lawyer and judge, was born February 10, 1874, at Clayton, Barbour County; son of Henry De Lamar and Victoria Virginia (Hunter) Clayton (q. v.), brother of Henry D. Clayton, jr. (q. v.) ; of Bertram T. Clayton (q. v.) ; and of Jeff Davis Clayton (q. v.). He attended the public schools of Tuscaloosa and Clayton and graduated in 1892 from the University of Alabama. In 1893- 94, he taught at Cowikee, and in the latter year was admitted to the bar. For several years he was private secretary to Congress man Clayton, and in 1903 was elected judge of the inferior court of Eufaula; reelected in 1910; resigned in 1911, and was appointed assistant U. S. attorney, fifth district, September 16, 1913, a position he still holds. He is a Demo crat; Episcopalian; Knight of Pythias; Odd Fellow; and Mason. Married: June 4, 1902, at Eufaula, to Caroline Elizabeth, daughter of William Preston and May Fontaine (Flewellen) Copeland (q. v.). Children: 1. Preston Cope land; 2. Mary Elliott; 3. Victoria Virginia; 4. Lee Johnston. Residence: Eufaula. CLEMENS, JEREMIAH, lawyer and author, U. S. senator, was born December 28, 1814, in Huntsville, and died May 21, 1865, at that place; son of James Clemens, who came from Kentucky to Alabama, and settled in Madison County in 1812. His mother was a sister of Hon. Archie E. Mills, who represented Lime stone County in the State legislature in 1838, and of John Mills, at one time sheriff of Madi son County. He attended LaGrange College, and the University of Alabama, and was grad uated from the latter institution, 1833. He studied law at Transylvania University; was admitted to the bar in 1834, and opened a law office in Huntsville. When the trouble with the Cherokee Indians broke out that same year, he volunteered in the U. S. Army as a private. He was appointed U. S. district at torney for the northern district of Alabama by President Van Buren in 1838, and repre sented Madison County in the State legisla ture in 1839, 1840, and 1841. He raised a com pany of riflemen and with them joined the Texan revolutionists in 1842, serving in the army as lieutenant-colonel. Returning to Ala bama in 1843, he was again elected to the State legislature that year, and re-elected in 1844. In the latter year, he also served as presidential elector. When war with Mexico was declared, he raised a company of volun teers and was commissioned major of the Thir teenth U. S. infantry, March 3, 1847. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel, April, 1848, and colonel of the Ninth infantry, July 6, 1848. He was discharged July 20, 1848, and remained in Mexico as chief of the depot of purchases. Mr. Clemens was an unsuccessful candlidate against Mr. Cobb of Jackson for representa tive in congress in 1849, but was elected to the U. S. senate over ex-Gov. Fitzpatrick for the unexpired term of Hon. Dixon H. Lewis, December 3, 1849. He served through the Thirty-first and Thirty-second congresses. He was a presidential elector for Alabama on the Fillmore ticket in 1856, and in 1858 took up his residence in Memphis, Tenn., assuming the editorship of the "Eagle and Enquirer" in as sociation with Gen. Borland. That enterprise was short lived, and he returned to Alabama. He was a member of the secession convention of Alabama of 1861, and was opposed to im mediate secession, preferring what was known as the co-operative policy after consultation with the other southern states. After he as certained that the ordinance of secession would pass by a large majority, he voted for it as signing reasons for so doing, which have been published in "The History and Debates of the Convention of the People of Alabama," by Wil liam R. Smith. He was appointed major-gen eral of the state militia by Gov. Moore in 1861, but was engaged in no active service. During the Federal occupancy of Huntsville, he again became a Unionist, and visited the North. In 1864 he advocated the re-election of President Lincoln. Mr. Clemens wrote sev eral novels including "Bernard Lyle," 1853, a historical novel; "Mustang Gray," 1857; "The Rivals," 1859, a story of the times of Aaron Burr and Alexander Hamilton; "Tobias Wil son, or a Tale of the Great Rebellion," 1865; and left incomplete a history of the war. A manuscript volume containing copies of his correspondence with Gov. A. B. Moore and oth ers at the beginning of the War of Secession, when he was in command of the state troops, is in the possession of his only child, Mrs. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 349 W. W. Townsend, of Mexico. In politics he was first a Whig, and later a Democrat Mar ried: December 4, 1834, Mary L. Read, daugh ter of John Read, a merchant at Huntsville. Children: 1. Mary R., m. (1) a Mr. King of Georgia, who was killed in the battle of Chicka- mauga, (2) Dr. W. W. Townsend of Phila delphia, resides at San Pedro de los Pinos, Tacubaya, D. F., Mexico. Last residence: Huntsville. CLEMENTS, HARDY, pioneer planter, was born October 16, 1783, at Edgefield Court House, S. C, and died September 29, 1867, in Tusca loosa County; son of Ruben and Elizabeth (Stuart) Clements, the former a native of Pen dleton and Edgefield Court House, S. C, and of Scotch descent. He received a common school education and upon coming to manhood's estate left his parental roof to seek his fortune. Riding horseback, and with a hundred dollars as his sole financial possession, he journeyed to Alabama and located in Tuscaloosa County, where he acquired lands and engaged in farm ing upon a small scale. In the course of time he became the master of a thousand slaves and owner of twenty thousand acres of land. He manufactured woolen and cotton goods for the use of his family and slaves; was much inter ested in public affairs, and for some years a county commissioner. He belonged to a long lived family, his mother almost reaching the century mark. He was interested in the science of mathematics and compiled an arithmetic, the manuscript of whi^h is preserved by his descendents. Married: (1) December 30, 1822, to Martha, daughter of Rev. Dudley and Mary (Coleman) Hargrove, of Virginia, from which state the family moved to Hancock County, Ga., and in 1819, to Tuscaloosa County, of Eng lish descent, granddaughter of Col. Thomas Coleman, an officer in the Revolutionary army, (2) May 15, 1832, to Maria Ann Pegues. Chil dren: by the first wife, 1. Rufus Hargrove, m. Martha Lavinia Bugbee; 2. Luther Morgan, un married; 3. Early Coleman, m. (1) Julia Ma linda Bugbee, (2) Ann Foote; by the second wife, 4. Anne Stuart, m. Thomas Oliver Prince; 5. Newton Nash, m. Laura McMichael ; 6. Egbert Rush, m. Mary (Davis) McMichael: 7. Asenith Rice, m. Nicholas Perkins Marlowe; 8. Collier Foster, unmarried. Last residence. Tuscaloosa County. CLEMENTS, JAMES FRANKLIN, lawyer, was born July 10, 1829, in William County, Va., and died October 6, 1897, at Hayneville; son of Z. J. Clements, who was born in King William County, Va. When he was nineteen years old, Capt Clements left Virginia and came to reside in Alabama. He read law in the office of his relative, Hon. J. LaF. Cottrell at Hayneville, was admitted to the bar, and opened practice at that place. He was con nected with the press for a short time, and in 1860 was on the Douglas electoral ticket. The" following year, he was a candidate for state senator from Butler and Lowndes Coun ties, but was defeated by Hon. Edmund Harri son. During the War of Secession, he en listed in the C. S. Army, becoming captain of a company in the Forty-fifth Alabama infantry regiment. He was wounded at the battle of Murfreesboro, while commanding his company. In 1865 he represented Lowndes County in the state constitutional convention, and continued to conduct his law practice in Hayneville. He was a Democrat; and an Episcopalian, being warden of St. Andrew's Church in Hayneville at the time of his death. Married: August 4, 1858, at Hayneville, Sarah Manly Rudulph, daughter of Dr. Burrell Boykin and Mary Emma (Higgins) Rudulph who lived at that place. Children: 1. Elfie Murray, deceased, m. Louis Belgart; 2. Annie Eliza, deceased; 3. Mary Yates, deceased. Last residence: Hayne ville. CLEMENTS, LUTHER MORGAN, physician, was born November 15, 1825, in Tuscaloosa County, and died November 30, 1903, in Tuscaloosa; son of Hardy and Martha (Har grove) Clements (q. v.), and brother of Rufus Hargrove Clements (q. v.). He received his early education in the schools of his native county, and at the University of Alabama; graduated at the Jefferson medical college, Phil adelphia, Pa. He entered the Confederate Army and served both as soldier and surgeon; cap tain of the "Warrior Guards," 5th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army, for one year and with the 41st Alabama infantry regiment, until the close of the war, being honorably dis charged April, 1865 at Appomattox, Va. Un married. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. CLEMENTS, MERIT KING, lawyer, teacher, was born March 18, 1855, in Talladega, now Clay, County; son of Benjamin Asbury and Tempe (Farrell) Clements, the former a Geor gian, who lived in Randolph, Talladega and Clay Counties, fought under Gen. Robert E. Lee in the army of Virginia and was present at the surrender at Appomattox, the latter a descendant of the Wick family of New Jersey, named for Tempe Wick of Revolutionary fame; grandson of William and Winnie (Wharton) Clements, who came from Georgia to Alabama, settling in Randolph County while it was in habited by Indians, and of Jethro and Martha Farrell of Talladega County; great-grandson of James Clements, who fought through the en tire Revolutionary War with Washington, Put nam, Joseph Warren and others. He received his early education in the public schools of Clay County, and was graduated from the Ala bama Polytechnic Institute, B. S. A., 1876. He taught school for thirty-two consecutive years, until 1904, serving in that time as principal of the Collinsville High School, seven years, of the Attalla High School, four years, vice- president two years, and president one year, of Blount College, and president of the Eleventh District Agricultural School at Athens, eleven years. He was licensed to preach in 1878, and was admitted on trial in the North Alabama Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, south, 1878. He was ordained a deacon at Ox ford, 1880, and an elder at Birmingham, 1882. He was located, at his own request, in 1885. In 1904 he was admitted to the bar, and has prs^ticed law since that time. He was ap- 350 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY pointed superintendent of education of Etowah County to fill an unexpired term; was mayor of Athens, 1905-1909, and in 1912 was elected superintendent of education of Limestone County. He was commandant of the corps of cadets at Blount College, 1890-1893, with the title of colonel. He is a Democrat, an elder in the Methodist Episcopal church, south, and has been on the board of stewards for twenty- nine years. He is a Mason; a Knight of Pyth ias; a Woodman of the World; and an Odd Fellow. Married: (1) December 17, 1876, Sophia Thomas, who died February 14, 1889, daughter of Jonathan and Emily (Tolbert) Thomas, of Macon County; (2) July 21, 1890, Emma Roberts, daughter of Rev. F. M. and Mary Susan (Burton) Roberts. Children, by first marriage: 1. Edna Earl, m. Dr. E. T. Fields, Ensley; 2. Victor Hugo, m. Hallle Achic, Athens; 3. Merit DeWitt, m. Clara Morris, Ensley; 4. Bennie Thomas, d. in infancy; by second marriage: 5. Opie King; 6. Otis Roberts, m. Nora Tarver, Ensley; 7. Frank Hartman; 8. Mary Elizabeth; 9. Thelma Farrell, d. in infancy; 10. William Green; 11. Charles Bur ton, d. in infancy. Residence: Athens. CLEMENTS, NEWTON NASH, lawyer, rep resentative in congress, was born December 23, 1834, and died February 20, 1900; son of Hardy and Maria (Pegues) Clements. He was graduated from the University of Ala bama, A. B., and A. M., 1861. He studied law and was admitted to the bar, occupying him self as lawyer and planter at Tuscaloosa until the outbreak of the War of Secession. He was made colonel of the Fiftieth regiment of Alabama volunteers, C. S. Army, and served throughout the war. After peace was estab lished he returned to his plantation and pro fession at Tuscaloosa. He represented Tusca loosa County in the State legislature, 1870- 1872, and again in 1874-1876. During his first term in the legislature, in 1870, he and Prof. W. S. Wyman were the first white representa tives of Tuscaloosa County elected to the legislature after the war. At the beginning of his next term, the house of representatives was about equally divided politically, and the struggle for supremacy of the races culmi nated. At that crisis, he was called to pre side over the house as speaker pro tempore, and served throughout the session, bringing order out of chaos. Largely through his strength of will and steadfastness of purpose the state was redeemed from negro domina tion. He was again elected to the legislature in 1876 and made speaker of the house. In 1880, he was elected to the United States con gress. In 1886, 1888 and 1890, he was re turned to the legislature, and in the last ses sion served for the third time as speaker. After his election to the house in 1896, he held that position for the fourth time. Among the legislative measures he was principally identified with were those providing for the convention which framed the present state constitution, the bill for the adjustment of the state debt in 1874-1875, the bill for the establishment of the school system of Ala bama, and the refunding bill of 1896. He was a Democrat; and a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon college fraternity. Married: May, 1864, at Columbus, Miss., Laura Garnet McMichael. Children: 1. Belle G., Tusca loosa; 2. Dudley Alsey, b. September 7, 1873, A. B., A. M., 1894, tax commissioner of Tusca loosa County 1898-1901, lawyer, m. October 25, 1899, at Tupelo, Miss., Daisye Juanita Bell, resides at Tuscaloosa; 3. Hardy, b. February 13, 1881, resides at Tuscaloosa; 4. Newton Nash, jr., b. February 5, 1869, d. August 26, 1886. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. CLEMENTS, RUFUS HARGROVE, lawyer, planter, and legislator, was born November 1, 1823, in Tuscaloosa County, and died December 1, 1875, in Tuscaloosa; son of Hardy and Mar tha (Hargrove) Clements (q. v.). He was edu cated in the country schools of his neighbor hood and at the University of Alabama, from which he graduated with the A. B. degree, 1845, and A. M., 1848. He studied law at the Haryard university, and received the LL. B. degree from that institution, 1847. He prac ticed his profession and also conducted plant ing interests. In 1850 he was elected to the Alabama Legislature and served until 1853; was a member of Governor Chapman's and Gover nor Collier's staff, with the rank of colonel. He was a Democrat; and a member of the Phi Beta Kappa college fraternity. Married: No vember 27, 1850, in Montgomery, to Martha Lavinia, daughter of Judge Francis and Lavinia Hudson (Tarrant) Bugbee (q. v.). Children: 1. Julia Lavinia; 2. Coosa Corinne; 3. Rufus Hargrove, jr.; 4. infant son; 5. Gertrude; 6. Leila; 7. Francis Bugbee, m. Luna Wynn Wil son, Birmingham; 8. Julian Morgan, m. Caro line J. Simonds; 9. Clara Estelle, m. A. R. Smith, Demopolis. The first six of these chil dren died in childhood. Last residence: Tusca loosa. CLEVELAND, WILLIAM CALLOWAY, Bap tist minister, was born June 22, 1834, in Dal las County, and died February 17, 1899, in Talladega; son of Carter Harrison and Mary (Smith) Cleveland, of Dallas; grandson of Lieut. Larkin Green and Frances Cleveland, the former a Revolutionary soldier, who served under his brother Col. Benjamin Cleveland, at the battle of Kings Mountain; great-grandson of John and Martha (Coffee) Cleveland, of Bull Run, Va. He was educated by private tutors, and fitted for the University of Ala bama from which he graduated A. B., 1853; attended the University of New Orleans; Uni versity of New York City, 1856; studied medi cine in Charleston, S. C; and practiced in Dallas County, until 1860, when he decided on the ministry, and was admitted to preach in the Baptist church. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by Howard college, in 1875. He served churches at Snow Hill, Car lowville, Montevallo, Columbia and Selma. He was the founder and president of the board of ministerial education; president of the Ala bama Baptist convention; once president of Southern Baptist convention. He was a Dem ocrat; a Mason; and a Knight of Honor. Mar ried: (1) in 1860, to Eliza C. Smith; (2) in DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 351 1870, to Frances C. Lide; (3) in 1881, to Cath erine S. Mallory. Children: 1. Ethel Roberta, m. Dr. S. W. Welch of Talladega; 2. Walter George, m. Ninette Dugue de Livaudais, of New Orleans; 3. Ashby Dubose, m. Sarah Alex ander, Salt Lake City; 4. Elizabeth, m. John E. Morriss, of Birmingham. Last residence: Talladega. CLIETT, MINER JAMES, merchant, farmer, and legislator, was born December 27, 1870, at Childersburg, Talladega County; son of Henry Jonathan and Emily (Wynn) Cliett, the former was born near Augusta, Ga., and lived at Cedar town, Ga., and Childersburg, was a Confederate soldier, a merchant and farmer; grandson of Miner Jonathan and Sarah (Smith) Cliett, who came from Augusta, Ga., and settled near Chil dersburg, and of James Wynn, who lived near Alpine. The Cliett family came from South Carolina to Georgia, while the Wynn family came from Georgia. He was educated in the common schools of Talladega County; at Mari on institute, 1893-94, where he took a business course. He is a merchant and farmer, having lived at his present place of residence all his life. . He has been three times mayor of Chil dersburg; a member of the jury commission of Talladega County; and represented Talladega County in the legislature 1919. He is a Demo crat; and a member of the Conservative Chris tian Church. During the European War he took a prominent part in all local activities. Married: December 13, 1897, near Childersburg, to Pauline, daughter of William H. and Sallie (Cleveland) Montgomery, the former was a native of Kentucky, who later came to Talla dega County where he became a prominent planter. Children: 1. Emily Cleveland, m. Rev. B. C. Goodpasture, of Shelbyville, Tenn., a Christian minister; 2. Agnes Erie, teaches in David Lipscombe college, Nashville, Tenn.; 3. William Henry, unmarried; 4. Mildred. Resi dence: Childersburg. CLIFTON, JAMES M., major, 10th, also called 4th, battalion Alabama infantry, C. S. Army. CLISBY, ANNIE, teacher, author and writer. Residence: Montgomery and Edgefield, S. C. CLISBY, JOHN, merchant and farmer, was born July 3, 1813, at Medford, near Boston, Mass., and died March 16, 1894, at Verbena; son of John Paul and Martha (Butters) Clisby, of Medford, commander of the Medford light infantry in 1814, town moderator for a num ber of years and also town assessor and select man; grandson of Joseph and Louis (Eaton) Clisby of Boston, the former served in the Rev olutionary War at sea, first on board of the brigantine Tyrannicide and, later on, a priva teer, and of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Simp son) Butters, of Andover., Mass., the former marched from Reading, Mass., in the Lexing ton alarm, April 19, 1775, as a private in Capt. John Walton's company, and Col. David Green's regiment, afterward served under Col. Brooks and Col. Jacob Gerrish, and after the war moved from Reading to Andover, Mass. The Clisbys came from England in 1663 and settled in Boston. John Clisby received his education in his native town and migrated to Alabama at the age of seventeen. He began merchandising at Washington Landing and from there moved to Montgomery in 1832. Ten years later he settled in Coosa County where he farmed. In 1866 he took up his residence at Wetumpka and in 1875 removed to Verbena, Chilton County, where he resided the remain der of his years. He was a justice of the peace in Coosa County and postmaster at Weoguf- kha during the War of Secession. He served in the Seminole War in Florida, 1836; was a member of the "Montgomery True Blues" and captain of the company in 1838. He was a loyal Confederate, and while too old to par ticipate in the war, gave his sons to the cause, one of whom was killed at the battle of Peach Tree Creek. He was a Democrat; and Metho dist. Married: February 4, 1839, at Montgom ery, to Emily Damaris, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Tillman) Hughes of that place, the former a native of Virginia who located in Ala bama in 1818, the latter from South Carolina. The ancestors of both served in the Revolu tionary War. Children: 1. John Hughes, (q. v.) m. Fannie Young, Montgomery; 2. George Clinton, m. Mary Mastin, Montgomery; 3. Fre- ling Clay, d. 1852; 4. Stephen Hughes, killed in battle of Peach Tree Creek; 5. Alfred An gus (q. v.), m. (1) Fannie Glover (2) Emily Irwin, Birmingham; 6. Mary Eliza, died in infancy; 7. Emma, m. C. L. B. Marsh, Edge field, S. C; 8. Elizabeth, m. James Cobb, Edge field, S. C; 9. Lorenzo, m. Clara Barrett, West Point, Miss.; 10. Rosa Mayhew, m. S.W.John, (q. v.) Selma; 11. Harriet, m. J. E. Morris, Birmingham; 12. Annie May. Last residence: Verbena. CLISBY, JOHN HUGHES, cotton merchant and mayor, was born October 5, 1840, in Mont gomery, and died May 15, 1902, in that city, son of John and Emily Damaris Hughes (q. v.). His education was acquired in the schools of Wetumpka. At the outbreak of hostilities between the states, he joined the Confederate army, going out with Semple's battery under Gen. Joe Wheeler. Eighteen months later he was transferred to the 51st Alabama cavalry, commanded by John T. Morgan, and served until 1864, when, on account of ill health, he was transferred to the commissary department and was captured at Macon, Ga., April, 1865, by Wilson's Raiders. His interest in military af fairs was unceasing and later he was captain of the "Montgomery Field Artillery," and ma jor of the Second regiment of infantry, Alabama national guard. He began merchandising when nineteen years of age, ,but his business activi ties were interrupted by the war. Upon re turning home from the battlefield, he re entered the mercantile business and remained in it until 1873, when he became a cotton buyer. Besides this, he was connected with the Commercial fire insurance company and was a director in the Bank of Montgomery. In 1885 he was elected to the city council and served in that body a number of years. He was twice mayor of Montgomery. He was a Democrat; an Episcopalian; and Knight of 352 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Pythias. Married: October 10, 1864, at Mont gomery, to Fannie May, daughter of Micajah and Ann (McMurray) Young of Tuskegee. Last residence: Montgomery. CLITHERALL, ALEXANDER BARRON, lawyer, was born December 12, 1820, at Smith- ville, Brunswick County, N. C, and died Feb ruary 17, 1869, in Montgomery. He was a nephew of George Burgwyn of Wilmington, N. O, and of John F. Burgwyn, of Newbern, N. C. ; and was connected by family ties with the Pollocks and Devereauxs of that state. He was attending college in North Carolina, when his course was interrupted by the removal of his mother to Greene County in 1837. They settled in Greensboro, and Mr. Clitherall clerked in the store of his brother, George B. Clitherall, for the next two years. In 1839, he went to Tuscaloosa to read law under Hon. E. W. Peck. Licensed to practice in 1841, he moved to Pickens County the year after and opened a law office there. In 1842 he was elected assistant clerk of the house of repre sentatives, and was re-elected until 1847, when, upon the retirement of Joseph Phelan, he was elected principal clerk. He was retained in that office through the sessions of 1849 and 1851, but in 1853 was defeated by Malcolm D. Graham of Coosa County. During that year, he was grand patriarch of the Sons of Temperance in the state. In March, 1854, Gov. Winston appointed him to the vacancy on the bench of the circuit court caused by the resignation of Judge Reavis, and he held the spring term of the court. In June of the same year, he was appointed probate judge of Pick ens County by Gov. Winston, and held that office for a year. He was elected to the State senate from Pickens County in 1857, and to the house of representatives in 1859. He be came a citizen of Montgomery in 1861, and was the temporary private secretary of Jef ferson Davis, and assistant secretary of the congress. As secretary to President Davis, Mr. Clitherall bore the first message of the president to the Confederate congress, the original manuscript of which is now in the possession of his family. Shortly afterward, he was appointed register of the treasury, and became the holder of the first bond, of one thousand dollars, issued by that government under the act of congress authorizing the first loan in 1861, on a basis equivalent to specie. He held that position for a year, then re sumed the practice of law in Montgomery. When the pressure of war had nearly cut off the business of the courts, Judge Clitherall acted as clerk to committees in the legislature, and accepted like positions, in order to sup port his family. In 1865, he was a candidate before the legislature, for the office of attor ney-general, but was defeated by Col. John W. A. Sanford, who had a brilliant war record. He was an occasional contributor to the press, and was author of several humorous sketches. Married: a Miss Hayes of Pickens County, who lived in Montgomery County with her children, after her husband's death. Last resi dence: Montgomery. CLOPTON, DAVID, lawyer, representative in congress, associate justice of the supreme court of Alabama, was born September 29, 1820, in Putnam County, Ga., and died Feb ruary 5, 1892, at Montgomery; son of Dr. Al ford and Sarah (Kendrick) Clopton, who were married in Monticello, Ga., and lived in Put nam County, Ga., the former a physician, sev eral times a member of the Georgia legisla ture, and president of a bank in Macon, Ga.; grandson of David Clopton, a Virginia planter, and of Martin Kendrick, of Washington County; great-great-grandson of William Clop ton, who came to America from England with his brother sometime previous to the War of Independence, was married and settled in New Kent County, Va., while the brother, who remained single, returned to England; from him are descended all the families of that name in the United States, now distributed throughout Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, Mis sissippi, Louisiana and Arkansas. Judge Clopton obtained his preliminary education at the country schools in Putnam County, and at the Eatonton Academy, Eatonton, Ga., until he was eleven years of age. At that time his father moved with him to Vineville, Macon County, Ga., where he attended school until his sixteenth year. He entered Ran dolph-Macon College, Virginia, in 1836, and was graduated with first honors in 1840, in the class with Rev. James Pierce, son of Dr. Lovick Pierce, of Georgia, who afterward mar ried Mr. Clopton's youngest sister; Col. James F. Dowdell, for three terms member of con gress from Alabama; William F. Samford; Rev. Dr. Wadsworth; and Col. Tennant Lo max, the gallant Confederate officer who fell at Seven Pines, 1862. After his graduation, Judge Clopton returned to his home at Macon, Ga., and began the study of law under Hon. Absolom H. Chap pell. He was admitted to the bar in the fall of 1841, and commenced his practice in Griffin, Ga., in partnership with Robert S. Lanier, now of Macon, Ga. In 1844 he moved to Alabama, where he was associated for some nine months at Tuskegee with Solomon L. Pope, who after wards moved to Georgia. After practicing by himself for some time, he entered into a part nership, in 1847, with his brother-in-law, Rob ert F. Ligon, who had just then returned from the Mexican War. That partnership lasted for nineteen years, and was only terminated by the removal of Judge Clopton to Montgomery in 1866. In 1859, the Democratic party nomi nated him, against his protest, to represent Montgomery district in congress. He was op posed by the Hon. Thomas J. Judge, in one of the most memorable canvasses that ever occurred in the state, and was elected by a majority of two hundred twenty-one votes. He took his seat in congress in December, 1859, serving through that session, returned to Washington in December, 1860, and when Ala bama passed the ordinance of secession retired with the rest of the Alabama delegation. In congress, he was conspicuous as a firm and earnest advocate of states rights and of a strict construction of the Federal constitution. JUDGE WILLIAM E. SKEGGS DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 355 In the spring of 1851, he volunteered as a private in Capt. Robert F. Ligon's company, Twelfth Alabama infantry, and was soon pro moted to assistant quartermaster with the rank of captain. In the fall of that year, without being a candidate, he was elected from his district to the Confederate congress. He served through that term, was re-elected in 1863 over John H. Cadenhead of Macon, and remained in the body until the downfall of the Confederacy. In March, 1866, Judge Clopton settled in Montgomery and resumed the prac tice of his profession in partnership with Judge George W. Stone and Gen. James H. Clanton. That partnership was terminated in 1871, by the death of Gen. Clanton, who was shot dead on the street in Knoxville, Tenn., while at tending the United States court, as attorney for the state of Alabama in the matter of the Alabama & Chattanooga Railroad. From that time, he continued his partnership with Judge Stone until March, 1876, when the latter was elevated to the bench. In the fall of that year, the firm of Clopton, Herbert & Chambers Was formed, the other members being Hilary A. Herbert, twice a member of congress, and William L. Chambers, Judge Clopton's son-in- law. Judge Clopton had taken little part in politics after the War of Secession, until the memorable campaign of 1874, at the time ot the redemption of the state from carpet-bag rule. He took a proment part in the fierce and exciting canvass that preceded the state election that year, making speeches in all parts of the state. At the Montgomery county con vention, held in June, 1878, to nominate can didates for the state legislature, Mr. Clopton was, entirely without his knowledge, unani mously nominated for the house of represen tatives, and in the election that followed, was sent to the legislature with an eighteen hun dred majority in a county containing a Re publican majority of over three thousand. He was chosen speaker of the house during that term. Declining a re-election at the end of the session, he was appointed by Gov. O'Neal, in 1884, an associate justice of the supreme court; and in 1886, being nominated without opposition, by the Democratic party, was elected to that position. He had held the office for nearly eight years at the time of his death in 1892. Judge Clopton was one of the organizers of the First National Bank of Sheffield, and of the Sheffield Coal & Iron Company, and was a director in both corporations. He was presi dent of the board of trustees of East Alabama College, and was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was grand master of the grand lodge of Alabama Masons, 1853-1856, holding the office for the full length of time al lowed by the constitution, then was elected grand high priest of the grand chapter of Ala bama for three successive years, the longest time allowed by the constitution; Married: (1) Martha E. Ligon, who died in November, 1867, sister of Robert F. Ligon, lieutenant gov ernor of Alabama; (2) in 1871, at Columbus, Ga., Mrs. Mary F. Chambers, who died Febru ary, 1885; (3) November 29, 1887, in Hunts ville, Mrs. Virginia Clay (q. v.), widow of Judge Clement Claiborne Clay (q. v.). Chil dren, by first marriage: 1. Edward Hunter, planter, m. November 5, 1887, at Charleston, S. C, Virginia Eason, d. April 18, 1894, at Charleston, S. C; one of his daughters mar ried Clifford A. Lanier, of Montgomery County, author of "Thorn-Fruit," and "Two Hundred Bales"; and another was the wife of William L. Chambers, Judge Clopton's law partner for several years. Last residence: Montgomery. CLOUD, N. B., superintendent of education, 1868, under the Reconstruction acts of con gress. Last residence: Montgomery. CLOWER, JONATHAN, soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Bibb County; private N. Carolina Militia; en rolled on July 6, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $40. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in Part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. COATE, HENLY W., public official, was born about 1820 near Clarksville, and died in 186 — . in Clarke County; son of William and Eliza beth Coate. His father came from Newberry District, S. O, and settled near what became Clarksville, about the year 1800. He travelled the entire distance through the Indian lands with his few household goods conveyed on a hogshead, drawn by an ox, which had been harnessed to shafts attached to the hogshead. Arriving in Alabama, he cleared a plantation near what is now Grove Hill, and his house was for a time the place where the courts of the county were held. He died in 1870, sup posed to be one hundred years of age. Judge Coate was reared on the home plantation. He was elected tax collector for Clarke County in 1841, and held that office for several years. In 1844, he was elected clerk of the county court, remaining in office until the office was . abolished by the legislature in 1849. After the establishment of the courts of probate, he was elected probate judge by a large majority, for a term of six years. He was a Mason, was secretary of his lodge for a number of years, and at the time of his death was senior war den. He was a member of the Baptist church at Horeb. Married: Ann Elizabeth Boroughs. Children: 1. Richard C, d. May 28, 1866; 2. Mattie E„ m. Samuel Forwood; 3. Mazie R., m. A. Paul Jones, of Texas. Last residence: Grove Hill. COBB, ALEXANDER, member of the State legislature from Fayette County, 1861-65; pro bate judge of Lamar County, 1874-87. De ceased. Last residence: Vernon. COBB, JAMES BASS, banker, was born March 17, 1856, at Pushmataha, Choctaw County; son of Thomas and Lucy Lewis (Thorn) Cobb (q. v.). He was educated at private schools in Livingston and at Eastman's business college, at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., com pleting his studies there in 1874. He studied law but never attended a law school. He en gaged in mercantile business in Livingston and Mobile until 1883, when he moved to Birming- 356 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ham, where he became bookkeeper of the Na tional bank. On the organization of the First national bank, he was made its general book keeper and afterward its receiving teller, both of which positions he filled with marked abil ity. In 1885 the Central bank was organized. He was invited to take a part in its manage ment and was appointed its cashier. In 1886 this bank was merged into a national associa tion and took the name of Berney national bank, of which he became cashier, which po sition he held until 1894, when he was made its president. He was president of the Clear ing house association during the panic of 1893. In 1899 he resigned the presidency of the Ber ney national bank and accepted the position of vice-president and general manager of the Birmingham trust and savings company. He resigned this position in January 1901, and in the following July was made president of the Alabama national bank. Mr. Cobb is a di rector and stockholder in some of the leading institutions of Birmingham. He is an Episco palian; a Knight Templar; a Shriner; an Elk; and Knight of Honor. Married: December 7, 1880, to Susie Ben, daughter of Capt. B. B. and Susan (Franklin) Little of Warsaw. Children: 1. Carrie; 2. Herbert Lewis; 3. William Boy kin; 4. Ellen Douglas. Residence: Birming ham. COBB, JAMES EDWARD, lawyer, was born October 5, 1835, at Thomaston, Upson County, Ga., and died at Las Vegas, New Mexico, June 2, 1903; son of William Anderson and Jane (McMurphy) Cobb, the former born in 1798 in Columbia County, Ga., served in the Seminole War in 1836 and was thirty years ordinary of Upson County, Ga.; grandson of Thomas and Catherine Cobb, and of Col. David and Su sanna (Crossby) McMurphy, the former born in Ireland about 1735, served in Gen. Greene's corps in the Revolution, was present at the bat tle of Eutaw Springs, and died in Augusta, Ga., in 1819. James Edward Cobb received his primary and academic education in the schools at Thomaston, then entered the junior class in Emory college, from which he graduated with the second honor in 1856. In November, 1857, he was admitted to the bar at Zebulon, Ga., and the next year he removed to Texas. He settled first at Quitman and a year later moved to An derson, where he practiced his profession until 1860, when he lost his library and all other effects by the burning Of the town. In a moneyless condition, he went to Galveston, but finding there no satisfactory opening, he re turned to Anderson, whence he walked two hundred miles to Beaumont, thence to Lib erty, where he taught school until the secession of the state. On the outbreak of the war he joined as a private, Co. F., of the Fifth Texas volunteer regiment. Soon after its organiza tion he was promoted second lieutenant, later first lieutenant, which rank he was holding at the time of his capture at the battle of Gettysburg. He was taken first to Fort Mc- Henry, thence to Fort Delaware, and a month later to Johnson's Island. After a short stay there, he was next taken to Fort Pulaski, thence back to ' Fort Delaware, where he remained until after the surrender of the Confederate armies; After the war he returned to his old home in Thomaston, but soon settled in Tuskegee, which was his home, until his death, and where he made a name and fame as a jurist and statesman of which Alabama may well be proud. From 1869 to 1874, in shaping public opinion and the trend of political events in Alabama "he succeeded in everything that he undertook and with energy and foresight made his impress in politics, in the church and in his daily inter course with his fellow men." In 1874 he was elected judge of the ninth judicial district, and served continuously on the bench by re-elec tion until 1886, when he was elected to the 50th congress. He was re-elected to the 51st, 52nd, 53rd, and 54th congresses. His seat in the 54th congress was successfully contested by Albert T. Goodwyn. During his whole serv ice he ably and faithfully served his district and state. On returning from congress, he re sumed the practice of law in Tuskegee. He was a valuable member of the Constitutional convention of 1901 which formed the organic law now in force in Alabama. He was a Meth odist and a Mason. While temporarily residing in New Mexico, where he had gone in search of health, he died at Las Vegas. Married: Oc tober 24, 1867, in Tuskegee, to Carolina Eliza beth, daughter of Dr. James Wesley and Julia Elizabeth (Tigner) Hunter; granddaughter of Hope Hall and Eliza (Glenn) Tigner; great- granddaughter of William and Elizabeth (Crawford) Glenn; great-great-granddaughter of Joel and Fannie (Harris) Crawford, and great-great-great-granddaughter of Benjamin Harris. Children: 1. Edward Hunter, deceased; 2. Rosalie Julia, m. John Evans Henry, Ope lika; 3. Lucile Meredith, m. James D. Cren shaw, San Antonio, Tex.; 4. Benajah Bibb, m. Mabelle Massey, Tuskegee; 5. Caroline Tigner, m. Dawson Edwards Laslie, Tuskegee; 6. Wil liam Peyton, (q. v.); 7. Cora Archer, de ceased. Last residence: Tuskegee. COBB, RUFUS WILLS, lawyer, governor of Alabama, was born February 25, 1829, at Ash ville, St. Clair County, and died November 26, 1913, at Birmingham; son of John W. and Catherine (Stevens) Peak Cobb, who lived on a plantation at Ashville, the former a Vir ginian, born about 1800, who moved in early life to Abbeville District, S. C, then to Ala bama, settling on the Alabama River, in Mon roe County, and finally to Ashville, a farmer and merchant, who served in the Creek war with Gen. Andrew Jackson as colonel of a regiment, was twice a member of the state legislature, and died in 1845 at Ashville. He is a relative of Bishop Cobb of the Episcopal church. The ancestors of the Cobb family came to America from Wales and settled in Virginia. Gov. Cobb was educated at an acad emy in Ashville under Prof. Wasson and Prof. Drury, and was graduated from the University of Tennessee, at Knoxville, 1850. Returning to Ashville, he read law in the office of John C. Thomasson, and was admitted to the bar in 1855. He practiced in St. Clair and adjoin ing counties in partnership with Judge Thomas- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 357 son until 1867, when he moved to Shelby County and became associated with B. B. Lewis. That partnership continued until Mr. Lewis was elected president of the University of Alabama. When war was proclaimed in 1861, Gov. Cobb entered the C. S. Army as captain of Co. C, Tenth Alabama infantry regiment, Forney's brigade, and went to Virginia with that regiment, remaining there, until in 1863, he was assigned to Gen. Joseph Wheeler's cav alry in Tennessee, in charge of a scouting party. After the close of the war, he located in Marion, Perry County, and resumed the practice of law, remaining there until 1868, when he went to Columbiana. He stayed in that place until 1873, then moved to Helena. In 1872, Mr. Cobb was elected State senator from the Shelby and Bibb district. He was returned to the senate, 1876, from Shelby, Jef ferson and Walker counties under the new ap portionment. During his second term, he was chosen president of the senate. As a senator, he, in conjunction with Hon. Peter Hamilton of Mobile and others, devised the plan of re adjustment for the state debt which Gov. Hous ton submitted to the legislature after elabora tion. He was the friend and adviser of Gov. Houston during his administration. Mr. Cobb was nominated and elected governor in 1878, and re-elected in 1880, serving through two terms. He had a quiet administration, with out striking events. The change had been made to a Democratic administration; the state debt had been adjusted; federal troops had been removed; and the disasters of war were being rapidly healed. After his term as governor had expired, he retired to private life for a time, but in 1888 was prevailed upon to accept the appointment to" serve as probate judge of Shelby County to fill the unexpired term of Judge Theophilus Leeper, in order to avoid a split in the ranks of the Democratic party. He went to Birmingham soon after his term as judge ended. Gov. Cobb was president of the Central Iron Works at Helena 1873-1891; was local attorney for the Louisville & Nashville Railway; and was engaged in cotton planting and in develop ing an iron mine, the Delmar, in northern Alabama. He was a Democrat, a Baptist, and belonged to all the branches of the York Rite Masons, was grand master of the grand lodge of Alabama, 1879, 1880, and the only man in Alabama who was grand master and governor of the state at the same time, and was a mem ber of all the lodges of the Scottish Rite Masonry up to and including the thirty-second degree. Married: (1) February, 1850, at Knox ville, Tenn., Margaret McClung who died in 1865, daughter of Hugh L. McClung of Knox ville, Tenn.; (2) December 31, 1866, at Monte vallo, Frances Fell, daughter of Richard Fell, sr., who came from Maryland, and was once owner of Fell's Point. Children, by first mar riage: 1. John W., farmer, m. Susan Dunnam, deceased, resides at Pleasant Hill; 2. Dora, m. Richard Fell, resides at Birmingham; by sec ond marriage: 3. Edith, m. Charles M. Camp bell of Birmingham; 4. Richard C, who went west several years ago. Last residence: Birm ingham. COBB, WILLIAM PEYTON, lawyer and sec retary of state, was born January 1, 1880, at Tuskegee; son of James Edward and Caroline Elizabeth (Hunter). Cobb (q. v.). He was edu cated in the Alabama military institute, Tuske gee; Park high school, LaGrange, Ga., graduat ed from the State Normal college, Troy, June, 1900, received LL. B., 1905, from the University of Alabama; admitted to the bar at Tuskegee, June, 1905. He was register in chancery, Macon County, 1901-04; supervisor of census, fifth Alabama district, 1910; Democratic presidential elector, state at large, 1912; delegate to Demo cratic national convention, 1916; and was elect ed secretary of State, 1918. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; Knight of Pythias; and member of the Sigma Nu college fraternity. He is unmarried. Residence: Montgomery. COBB, WILLIAMSON, R. W., public official, representative in Congress, was born June 8, 1807, in Ray County, Tenn., and died Novem ber 1, 1864, at Bellefonte. His father moved in 1809 to Bellefonte, Madison County, and settled on a plantation. Mr. Cobb received a limited education; was a peddler of clocks at one time, then entered the mercantile business at Bellefonte. He was elected to the State legislature from Jackson County in 1844, and was re-elected in 1845. During his time in the house, he introduced a bill to amend the law exempting certain articles of housekeep ing from sale under execution, for the benefit of each family. The passage of that bill won to Mr. Cobb great popularity among the poorer classes of the state. In the twenty years that followed his services in the legislature, he was out of public employment but two years. Mr. Cobb became a candidate for congress, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Hon. Reuben Chapman, the Democratic nomi nee for governor, in 1847, and was elected over William Acklin, his competitor. In 1849, he was opposed by Jeremiah Clemens (q. v.) whom he defeated, and in 1853, by Clement Claiborne Clay (q. v.), who was also unsuccessful. For twelve years in succession, Mr. Cobb served as representative in congress, and in 1861, when he was officially notified that Alabama had seceded, he withdrew from Washington with his colleagues, although his devotion to the union was very ardent. The same year, 1861, he was defeated for the Confederate con gress by Dr. John P. Ralls, of Cherokee, the only defeat he ever sustained. Two years later he was successful over Dr. Ralls, but did not take his seat when the new congress met in February, 1864. His fidelity was im mediately suspected, and after some investi gation, he was expelled by a unanimous vote. He was accidentally killed by the discharge of his own pistol in 1864, while putting up a fence at his house in Jackson County. During his twelve years in congress, Mr. Cobb was chairman of the committee on pub lic lands and carried through congress the bounty land bill of 1850 and the graduation bill of 1854. He was constantly electioneering, and was singularly popular with the humble 358 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and unlearned, whose devotion to him was most ardent and defied reason itself. He was vigilant and true in guarding and promoting the interests of his district, and section, and in general his votes in congress accorded with those of the other members of the state. He practiced one courtesy that made him many friends in the state; he would look after the interests of gentlemen visiting Washington on business from Alabama, call upon them, show them around, accompany them to the depart ments and introduce them. Married: a Miss Allison of Madison County. Last residence: Bellefonte, Madison County. COBB, WILSON, member of the State legis lature from Fayette county, 1839 and 1840. COBBS, DANIEL BOONE, lawyer, was born December 22, 1860, at Livingston, Sumter county; son of James and Margaret Caroline (Lake) Cobbs, the former of Raleigh, N. C, and later of Mobile, the latter of Greensboro and Livingston; grandson of Thomas and Sarah (Hopkins) Cobbs, of Raleigh, N. C, the former at one time mayor of Raleigh, but later settling in Choctaw county, and of Joseph and Margaret Gaines (Scales) Lake, of Greensboro and Livingston, James Cobbs, the father of Representative Cobbs, began the practice of law at the age of nineteen after graduating at old Transylvania university. He served for four years in the War of Secession, was on the staff of Gen. William B. Bate, and was mentioned in the latter's report of the battle of Bentonville. He was later appointed by Gov. Patton as judge of the circuit court, with head quarters at Eutaw, holding this office until ousted "by federal bayonets." Representative Cobbs was named for his father's kinsman, Daniel Boone, of Hernando, Miss., a descend ant of Joseph Boone, who was a relative of the Kentucky Daniel. The Cobbs' ancestors came from Kent, England, before the Revolution. They settled in Virginia, and Thomas Cobbs, sr., finally settled in North Carolina. The Lakes were of English and of Scotch origin. Richard Lake, the maternal great-grandfather, of New Jersey, served in the "Revolutionary army until its disbandment, then moved to North Carolina, later to Georgia. The Perkins, Scales and Lake families were once closely allied. Representa tive Cobbs received his early education in the private schools of Livingston, Ala., graduated in 1881 with the degree of Ph. B. from Vander bilt university, Nashville, Tenn., and in the year 1886 studied law at the same university. He became a licensed lawyer in 1887; practiced for a short while with Maj. Hannibal H. Boone, of Navasota, Tex., ex-attorney-general of Texas; then with his father, James Cobbs, at Mobile; for two years at Thomasville, and from 1890 to the present, at Mobile. He has served as notary public and ex-officio justice of the peace; as U. S. commissioner; general guardian of estates of Mobile County; general administra tor of Mobile County; and as chairman of the Mobile County Democratic executive committee. He was elected to the lower house of the State legislature in 1919, and served on the commit tees of education, public health, labor, and im migration, the latter of which he was chairman. Married: January 20, 1890, at Mobile, to Ale- thea Thompson, daughter of the Rev. William Horton and Mary Jane (Safford) Thompson, of Mobile. The Saffords, Hortons, Thompsons and Burrs are related, and are of English and Scotch stock. On the maternal side the descent is through Rev. Aaron Burr, founder of Prince ton college, and father of the U. S. vice presi dent, and a kinsman of Jonathan Edwards. Children: 1. James Horton; 2. Theodosia Catharine. Residence: Mobile. COBBS, JOHN LEWIS, business man, was born December 7, 1832, in Bedford County, Va., and died November 27, 1897, at Mont gomery; son of Bishop Nicholas Hamner and Lucy Henry Landonia (Cobbs) Cobbs (q. v.); grandson of John Lewis and Susan (Ham ner) Cobbs, and of Edmund and Elizabeth (Manson) Cobbs, all of Virginia. He received his early education in Virginia, and moved with his parents to Alabama in 1844. He at tended the University of Alabama for several years, and established himself as a dry-goods merchant in Tuscaloosa prior to 1858. He entered the C. S. Army, joining Co. D, Second Alabama cavalry, and in 1863 was transferred to the quartermaster corps, serving as as sistant quartermaster of Co. F., Fifth regi ment of Alabama, with the rank of captain. He was honorably discharged from the serv ice, May 17, 1865. After the war, Mr. Cobbs moved to Montgomery and opened a dry-goods business in that place, now carried on under the name of John L. Cobbs & Company, by his sons, John Lewis and Christopher Claudius Cobbs. In 1888, he was nominated and elected treasurer of the state of Alabama, and was re-elected in 1890, serving through two terms. He was a Democrat, and a member of the Episcopal church, serving for years as ves tryman of St. John's Church, and after wards holding the same office in the Church of the Holy Comforter. Married: October 13, 1858, at "The Cedars," Dallas County, Dorothy Evans Pegues, daughter of Christopher Butler and Elizabeth Hodges (Evans) Pegues, who lived first in Cheraw County, S. C, and later in Dallas County; granddaughter of Claudius Pegues, a captain in the Revolutionary Army; great-granddaughter of Claudius and Hen rietta (Butler) Pegues, the former a native of London, England, born in 1719, went to South Carolina in 1736, was married there, settled in Georgetown, S. O, and afterwards moved to Cheraw District, that state, on the Pee Dee River; the latter was a native of Charleston, S. C. Mrs. Cobbs was a niece of Senator Evans of South Carolina. Children: 1. Nich olas Hamner, d. in infancy; 2. John Lewis, m. Ida Belle Woodfin, Montgomery; 3. Chris topher Claudius, m. Annie Melvin Westcott, Montgomery; 4. Lucy Hamner, m. John Dan- forth, Birmingham; 5. Leighton, d. in infancy; 6. Elizabeth Evans, d. in infancy; 7. Edward Ellerbe, d., m. Edith Hurter, Montgomery. Last residence : Montgomery. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 359 COBBS, NICHOLAS HAMNER, first bishop, diocese of Alabama, Protestant Episcopal church, was born February 5, 1796, in Bed ford County, Va., and died January 11, 1861, at Montgomery; son of John Lewis and Susan (Hamner) Cobbs, who lived in Bedford County, Va., the former was born in that county in 1763 and died in 1851, was twice married, for a long time served as justice of the peace in Bedford County, and was one of the first to receive confirmation from his son, 1844, shortly after the latter had been consecrated Bishop of Alabama; grandson of Edmund and Sarah (Lewis) Cobbs, of Bed ford County, Va., and of Nicholas Hamner, who lived in the same neighborhood; great- grandson of John Lewis, a Virginia planter. Joseph Cobbs, from whom the Cobbs family of Virginia are descended, came to Yorktown, that state, in 1713. Ambrose Cobbs, the emi grant, received land grants in Virginia as early as 1635. He came from England. The family coat-of-arms is identical with that of the French family Cobb6, and it is probable that there was early connection between the two. Family tradition says that the ancestry was originally French, the family being forced to flee from France to England because of religious persecution. There was little in the way of schools about the country near Lynch burg in the early part of the nineteenth century, but Bishop Cobbs received the best schooling the neighborhood afforded. He at tended an "old field" school kept by a Scotch Presbyterian, and was drilled in Latin to such an extent, that his pronunciation of that lan guage ever afterward betrayed his tuition by a Scotch burr. Augmenting his early educa tion by private reading and study, he pre pared himself for teaching, and in 1812, being then seventeen years old, began to teach in the neighborhood of his birth. While he was engaged in that profession, he studied for the ministry of the Episcopal church, applying to Bishop Moore of Virginia for examination and ordination in 1824. In May of that year, he was confirmed and ordained deacon in Trinity church, Staunton, Va., and a year later was advanced to the priesthood in the Monumental church, Richmond, Va. During the years of his early ministry, he was conducting the academy at New London, Bedford County, some miles from Lynchburg. In 1828, he was elected clerical deputy from the diocese of Virginia to the general convention of the church, a position he continued to fill while he remained in his native state. In 1833, he was selected chaplain at the University of Virginia, and while there took charge of the church in Charlottesville. After a year there, he was called to St. Paul's Church, Peters burg, Va. In 1842 Geneva" College conferred upon him the honorary degree of D. D., and the next year, he received the same degree from Hobart College. He accepted charge of St. Paul's church, Cincinnati, O, 1843. The convention of the Protestant Episcopal church met in Greensboro, May, 1844, and elected him bishop of the diocese of Alabama, as its first bishop. He was consecrated in Old Christ church, Philadelphia, Pa., October 20, 1844, and immediately moved to Tusca loosa, residing there until Montgomery be came the capital of the state, at which time he moved to the latter city. Bishop Cobbs was the most noted opponent of secession in Ala bama, and died a few hours before the seces sion of his state. His son, Dr. R. H. Cobbs, in describing his attitude on that subject, writes: "He was a strong union man and at the same time a very decided states rights man. He foresaw the storm long before it burst upon the country, and the anticipation caused him keen sorrow. He did not believe that the south could secure a peaceable sep aration, or with that point gained, that two countries holding such diverse views in re gard to slavery could live in peace with sim ply an air line for a boundary. He prayed that, if it was God's will, he might not live to see the southern states secede; but, said frequently and with great decision, that, if living at that time, he would shoulder his musket and volunteer to defend Virginia. His only published statement bearing on this ques tion was a circular addressed to his clergy a few days before his death, in which he advised, in case Alabama seceded, to suspend the use of the 'Prayer for Congress,' and to omit the words, 'thy servant the President of the United States,' and to substitute in their stead the words 'all those thy servants in authority over us,' until it was ascertained what name and form of government the southern states would adopt, or until the ec clesiastical authorities should take action in the premises." A number of Bishop Cobbs' sermons were printed by request from time to time, but none were collected in book form. His ser mon on "The Doubting Christian Encouraged" was several times reprinted. Some of his papers, published writings, and personal biog raphy were used by Rev. Greenough White, of Sewanee, Tenn., in his "Saint of the Southern Church," 1898. His entire library was lost when the boat upon which he and his family were traveling in moving from Cincinnati, O., to Mobile, was sunk. Such books as he collected afterward, are in the possession of his son, Dr. R. H. Cobbs, of Greensboro. Married: December 18, 1821, in Bedford County, Va., Lucy Henry Landonia Cobbs, his first cousin, who was born April 25, 1808, at her father's home in Bedford County, and died April 28, 1876, in Montgomery; daugh ter of Edmund and Elizabeth (Manson) Cobbs, the former the brother of Bishop Cobbs' father, born in 1774, died August 9, 1856, the latter born in 1777, died June 22, 1853; grand daughter of Edmund and Sarah (Lewis) Cobbs, and of Peter and Lucy (Clayton) Man- son, of Dinwiddie County, Va. ; great-grand daughter of John and Elizabeth (Whiting) Clayton, the former "the botanist," who was born in 1693 and died in 1763; great-great- granddaughter of John Clayton, born 1665, died 1737, who was for many years attorney general of the colony of Virginia; great-great- 360 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY great-granddaughter of Sir John and Alice ( Bower ) Clayton ; great - great - great - great- granddaughter of Sir William Bower. Children: 1. George Washington, b. July 9, 1823, d. June 25, 1824; 2. Robert Addison, b. April 29, 1825, d. June 28, 1887, in Charlestown, W. Va., m. August 25, 1858, Bettie Storrs; 3. Susan Elizabeth, b. July 7, 1827, d. October 30, 1852, in Montgomery, m. December 18, 1851, Rev. John Marsh Mitchell; 4. Mary Lee, b. February 14, 1830, d. October 5, 1845; 5. John Lewis (q. v.) ; 6. Richard Hooker (q. v.) ; 7. Martha Smith, b. December 10, 1837, m. January 7, 1858, John Alexander Ellerbe, resides in , Greensboro; 8. Leighton Hamner, b. July 16, 1840, d. November 2, 1871; 9. Lucy Eleanor, b. August 20, 1845, d. July 18, 1847; 10. Char lotte Walker, b. January 21, 1847, m. No vember 22, 1871, Nicholas Cobbs Ellerbe, re sides in Sewanee, Tenn. Last residence: Montgomery. COBBS, RICHARD HOOKER, Episcopal clergyman, was born September 7, 1835, in Bed ford County, Va.; son of Bishop Nicholas Ham ner and Lucy Henry Landonia (Cobbs) Cobbs (q. v.); grandson of John Lewis and Susan (Hamner) Cobbs and Edmund and Elizabeth (Manson) Cobbs, all of Bedford County, Va. He received his early education in Tuscaloosa from Rev. Horace L. Pratt, Rev. C. F. Peake, Rev. George F. Cushman, D. D., and Rev. R. D. Nevins; and was graduated from the Uni versity of Alabama, A. B., 1855, and A. M., 1858. After two years preparation for the ministry at the General Theological Semi nary, New York City, he was ordained an Episcopal clergyman, March, 1858. For eighteen months he lived in Huntsville, then moved to Montgomery for a short time. In 1861, he took charge of St. Paul's church, at Greensboro, and has since lived in that place. He was secretary of the council of the dio cese of Alabama for thirty years. In 1876, Centre College, Kentucky, conferred upon him the degree of D. D. He was one of the foun ders of the Alabama Historical Society. Mar ried: at Greensboro, May 15, 1862, Frances Ann Avery, daughter of Rev. John and Ann (Paine) Avery, D. D., who lived at Edenton, N. C. Children: 1. Richard Hooker, jr., m. Lida Tunstall, resides in Anniston; 2. Fran cis Avery, m. Fanny Erwin Jones, resides in Gadsden; 3. William Addison, m. May String fellow, resides in Birmingham; 4. Annie, m. Charles Stollenwerck, resides near Greens boro; 5. Mary Ellerbe, m. Edwin Spencer Jack, resides at Greensboro; 6. Lucy Landon, m. Nathan Lane Castleman; 7. Edith Manson, m. Armstead Inege Selden, resides in Greens boro. Residence: Greensboro. COBBS, THOMAS, lawyer, was born in Au gust, 1826, in Raleigh, N. C, and died in Bir mingham; son of Capt. Thomas and Sarah (Boone) Cobbs, both natives of North Caro lina, the former was a very cultured man, a large planter and manufacturer, a Democrat of the straightest sect, and was, for several terms, mayor of Raleigh, who moved to Choc taw County about 1841, but died a few months after his arrival, and the grandson of Col. Jo seph Boone, of the American Revolution. Al though he never attended a college, Thomas Cobbs supplemented his academic education by an extensive course of reading in his father's large library, which had been bequeathed to him. Resolving to make the profession of law his life work, he prepared himself under the tutelage of his brother, Hon. James Cobbs, of Mobile, and was admitted to the bar in 1857. In a very short time he built up a large and lucrative practice in Livingston, the town of his residence. For many years he was as sociated with Col. Robert H. Smith, a relation which continued until Colonel Smith's death in 1878. In 1880 he was elected chancellor of the western district of Alabama, and so satisfac tory was his administration that he was re elected in 1886 without opposition. The fol lowing extract from the Montgomery Adver tiser, written at that time, is a genuine tribute to his eminent worth: "This able, faithful, and judicious officer was nominated for a sec ond term by the Convention of the Western Chancery Division. He has established him self so thoroughly by his fair and impartial decisions, and by his uniform courtesy to the bar and people, as to prevent any thought of opposition, and he receives, as he deserves, the unanimous endorsement of the convention. The Chancellor is regarded by all who know him as a fair and impartial judge; laborious and painstaking in every case, and is regarded in the State as one of her most eminent judges." He was the third time renominated for chancellor in 1892 without opposition. He was an Episcopalian. Married: in 1850, to Lucy L., daughter of George and Margaret Thorn, of Culpeper, Virginia. Children: 1. Thomas D., a prominent lawyer in Texas; 2. James B., cashier of the Old Berney national bank; 3. Nellie, m. Professor J. H. Phillips. Last residence: Birmingham. COCHRAN, JOHN, lawyer, was born early in the nineteenth century in Cocke County, Tenn. His father was a farmer in that state. He was graduated at Greenville College, stud ied law, and in 1835 came to Jacksonville to practice. In 1838 he was a candidate for the State legislature, but was defeated. The next year he was elected a representative from Cal houn County, and was re-elected in 1840 and 1841. He moved to Barbour County in 1843, and in 1845 was a candidate for congress. He was defeated by his opponent Hon. Henry W. Hilliard. He was on the Cass electoral ticket in 1848, and in 1851 opposed Capt. James Abercrombie for congress, again being unsuc cessful. He was elected to the State legisla ture from Barbour County in 1853 and again in 1855, and during both sessions was chair man of the judiciary committee. He was sent as a delegate from Barbour County to the secession convention in 1861, and in the latter part of that year was appointed to the circuit court bench to fill the vacancy made by the resignation of Gov. Shorter. Subsequently he was elected to that office by the people, and held the position until 1865, when he was dis placed by the result of the war. During the* GEORGE A. JOINER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 363 first year of the war, he volunteered in the C. S. Army, and served for a year at Pensa cola, Fla. After the establishment of peace, Judge Cochran retired from public life, de voting himself exclusively to his profession. In 1856, he had been a delegate to the South ern Commercial Convention, held at Savannah, Ga., over which the Hon. James Lyons of Vir ginia presided. Among his colleagues at the convention were the Hon. B. S. Bibb and John son J. Hooper, esq., of Montgomery, and John G. Barr, esq., of Tuscaloosa. Married: (1) in 1843, a daughter of Gen. William Wellborn, of Eufaula; (2) Miss Toney, a cousin of his first wife, and a daughter of W. Toney, a planter of Eufaula. His son is a member of the bar of Eufaula. Last residence: Eufaula. COCHRAN, S. GEORGE, lawyer, was born in New York of Irish parents. He was well educated, and came to Alabama about 1846, settling in Wilcox County. He began the practice of law at that place, and in 1849 was elected judge of the county court. He was associated in his law practice at different times with Capt. Burett O. Holman and Col. H. R. Dawson. Married: a Miss Carson, of Tusca loosa. Children: 1. Thomas L., b. November, 1855, at Camden, Wilcox County, attended the Military Institute at Lexington, Ky., and the University of Virginia, studied law in Cam den, 1875, was admitted to the bar, 1876,. be came register in chancery for the county, 1882, was elected to the State senate from Wilcox County, 1886, but resigned before his term had expired, owing to the pressure of his legal prac tice, resides at Camden. Last residence: Wil cox County. COCHRAN, WILLIAM, soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, age not given, a resident of Clarke County; sergeant Virginia Continental Line; enrolled on September 22, 1819, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from September 7, 1818; annual al lowance, $96; sums received to date of pub lication of list, $121.60; died December 12, 1819. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. COCHRANE, HARDIN PERKINS, physician, was born October 1, 1843, in Tuscaloosa; son of William and Sophia Sarah Louisa (Perkins) Cochrane (q. v.) He was reared in Tuscaloosa, and received his early education there. In the spring in 1850 he went north, where he remained until the fall of that year, then entered the University of Alabama, being in the first corps of cadets in the institution. In 1861, he was appointed drill master to the Confederate camps of instruction at Shelby Springs and at Mobile, where he remained, mostly in detached service, until April, 1862. At that time he resigned his position of cadet and drill master to join a Confederate com pany of cavalry under Capt. J. J. Pegeus, called the Warrior Rangers, but subsequently known as Company D, Second Alabama cavalry. On one occasion he was sent out with a scouting party of eight men, and captured four of the enemy and eight of their horses. In recogni- Vol. Ill— 24 tion of his gallantry, he was presented with a fine horse. He took part in more than fifty engagements and had a horse shot out from under him at Kingston, Ga., while serving under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston. Not willing to give up the cause at Johnston's surrender, he volunteered to go across the Mississippi to join Gen. Dick Taylor, but as the latter sur rendered a few days later, returned to his home in Tuscaloosa, without taking the parole. He engaged in farming for several years, de voting his leisure time to the study of medi cine. He completed his medical education at the University of the City of New York, being graduated, M. D., 1874. He returned to Tus caloosa to practice his profession, and received the appointment of surgeon to the body of men, employed under Col. Horace Harding, who were engaged in the work of improving the navigation of the Black Warrior River. In October, 1875, he became assistant surgeon of the Alabama Insane Hospital; was chosen counsellor of the Medical Association of Ala bama, in 1876; moved to Birmingham in May, 1881, and practiced medicine; was elected presi dent of the Jefferson County Medical Society; moved from Birmingham to Franklin, Tenn., in 1892, and practiced his profession in that place. He is a member of the Protestant Epis copal church. Married: (1) May 12, 1881, at Birmingham, Lalla E. Mudd, who died in 1885, daughter of Judge William S. Mudd, of Ely- ton; (2) January 19, 1887, at Franklin, Tenn., Leighla Octavia Perkins, of Franklin, Tenn., his cousin, granddaughter of Hon. Abram P. Maury, who was a member of the State legis lature, and of the U. S. congress, a descendant of the Maurys and Fontaines of Tennessee, of Huguenot ancestry. Residence: Franklin, Tenn. COCHRANE, JEROME, physician, founder Alabama medical association, and State health office, was born December 4, 1831, at Moscow, Fayette County, Tenn., and died August 17, 1896, in Montgomery; son of Augustine Owen and Frances (Bailey) Cochrane, formerly of Virginia, and of Scotch descent. When a young boy, he removed to Marshall County, Miss., with his father's family. He had few early educational advantages as he worked on the farm and attended only country schools a few months each year. He was eager to learn, however, so every book was utilized by him. When nineteen years of age he began to teach, and in 1855 entered upon the study of medi cine, graduating from the Botanical-medical school of Memphis, Tenn., in 1857. He prac ticed in Mississippi for two years after which he entered the medical department of the Uni versity of Tennessee, receiving his diploma in 1861. He was appointed surgeon in the Con federate Army and had charge of the hospital at Okalona and was on duty In a large hospital near Meridian. Military duties carried him to Tuscaloosa where he studied mental diseases in the insane hospitals. In 1865, he removed to Mobile to practice; and in 1868 was ap pointed professor of chemistry in the Medical college of Alabama. In 1873 he was given the chair of public hygiene. He became physician 364 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY at quarantine station, Ft. Morgan 1878, and the next year was appointed head of the State medical department where he gave form to the laws that have established the Alabama State health department. He also organized the Medical association which organization was given control of epidemics. Author: of a large number of pamphlets and articles on diseases and their control; among them being: "Yel low Fever, in Relation to its causes"; "Sani tary administration"; "Theory and practice of quarantine"; "The Act establishing boards of health in Alabama"; "The Alcohol question," etc., etc. From 1879 to 1896, he was state health officer, senior censor, chairman of board of Medical examiners; member of the Ameri can medical association; vice-president of the Pan-American medical college, and officer in the State medical association. He was reared a Methodist, but, late in life, became a Catholic. Married: in 1856, in DeSoto County, Miss., to Sarah Jane Collins, daughter of Jared Collins. Children: 1. Jerome Bowling, m. Annie Fort Walker; 2. son; 3. daughter. Last residence: Montgomery. COCHRANE, JOHN TAYLOR, business man and railroad president, was born June 24, 1873, at Tuscalooosa; son of William Gilbert and Lillie Eliza (Taylor) Cochrane (q. v.). He was educated in the public schools of Tusca loosa, and was a student for two years at the University of Alabama, but did not complete the course on account of financial reverses. He was honor man of his class and hence was appointed sergeant major of the corps of ca dets. He began work in 1893 as brakeman and finally rose to be superintendent of the Tuscaloosa belt line railway with which he remained until 1897. . He then promoted and built the Carrollton short line railway, later named -the Alabama, Tennessee and Northern railroad, which now extends from Reform, through Pickens, Sumter and Choctaw Coun ties, connecting with the Tombigbee Valley railroad which he also built and which extends from Calvert through Mobile, Washington and Choctaw Counties. These companies he con solidated in 1913 with the Mobile terminal and railway company, and has since that date been president of the consolidated company, known as the Alabama, Tennessee and Northern railroad corporation. In the promotion and building of the Alabama, Tennessee and Northern railroad from Reform to Cal vert, and also the Alabama and Northwestern railroad from Pine Hill to Sweet Water, in the counties of Wilcox and Marengo, he opened up to railroad transportation and service terri tory not having any other transportation. Be sides affording the facilities he also took a large part in the development and building up of the counties, and helping especially schools and educational institutions, and was the promoter and main builder of several banks at the sev eral communities, which interest he still re tains. He has been several times president and member of the Mobile city and county school board, since 1912. He was appointed by Gov. Emmet O'Neal and re-appointed by Gov. Charles Henderson as a member of the board of trustees of the Alabama girl's technical in stitute at Montevallo, now the Alabama tech nical institute and college for women. He was also president of the Mobile chamber of com merce and business league for some time. He is a director in the Peoples bank at Mobile and a member of the Athelston and Country clubs. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; Knight of Pythias; is a member of the Mystic societies of Mobile and in 1917 was king of the Mobile carnival. Married: November 9, 1899, at Tus caloosa, to Alice Dearing, daughter of George A. and Alice (Dearing) Searcy (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. John Taylor, jr., student of Yale uni versity; 2. George Searcy. Residence: Mobile. COCHRANE, WILLIAM, lawyer, was born in New York City, N. Y. He was a nephew of Dr. Cochrane, of Pickens County, who mar ried the widow of Col. Joseph Blackshear, of Laurens County, Ga., and sister of Col. Will iam A. Tennille, former secretary of state at Milledgeville. He was of Scotch descent, his family having moved from Scotland to Ireland, and then to America. He was educated in New York, was graduated from Columbia Uni versity, and took up the study of law. He was admitted to the bar, and practiced in the su preme court of New York, until, prompted by failing health, he moved to Alabama in 1837 and settled in Tuscaloosa. He practiced law in that city in association with Gen. Crabb, of Mexican War fame, for many years. On the trial of Washington Moody, esq., in 1840, for killing Maj. John Cantley, in Tuscaloosa, Mr. Cochrane was counsel for the defense with Mr. Ellis and Hon. J. L. Martin, and became distinguished for the resulting acquittal. Mr. Cochrane was, it is believed, the commissioner of every state in the union, for attesting the execution of deeds and other legal instruments, and for the taking of depositions, to be used as evidence in other states. Gov. Fitzpatrick availed the state of his services as a director of the state bank in winding up that institu tion, counting, registering, and burning the bills and blank impressions. Married: Sophia Sarah Louisa Perkins, daughter of Maj. Har din and Sophia Salina (Holland) Perkins, who lived at Tuscaloosa, the former an officer in the Creek War, a lawyer, who lived at Hunts ville when Alabama was admitted into the Union, a member of the State legislature at Cahaba, when the seat of government was moved to Tuscaloosa; granddaughter of James Holland, high sheriff of Rutherford County, N. C, a major in the Revolutionary War, a member of the State senate, and for twelve years of the U. S. congress, who moved to Maury County, Tenn., where he and his father- in-law, William Gilbert, had large tracts of land donated by the U. S. government for serv ices in the Revolutionary War. Children: 1. Hardin Perkins (q. v.) ; 2. William Gilbert (q. v.). Last residence: Tuscaloosa. COCHRANE, WILLIAM GILBERT, lawyer, was born March 29, 1848, at Tuscaloosa, and died May, 1913, at Mobile, son of William and Sophia Sarah Louisa (Perkins) Cochrane (q. v.). As a boy he went to a parish school under DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 365 Dr. Nevins, and was a pupil of Mrs. Little's school at Tuscaloosa. He was a student at the University of Alabama when Croxton's raiders invaded the city of Tuscaloosa and burned the buildings of the university. As a member of the cadet corps, he made the stand with Col. Murfee and Capt. Eddins at the Hill River, repelling the raiders, then re treated with the other cadets from Tuscaloosa to Marion, May, 1865. For that service he was made an honorary member of the Con federate veterans. After the war, he attended Washington College, later Washington and Lee University, for two years under the presidency of Gen. Robert E. Lee. Returning to Tusca loosa, he read law in the office of Hargrave & Fitts, and was admitted to the bar in 1870. He began to practice law when he was twenty- one years old in Tuscaloosa. When he had been at the bar only a few years, he was can didate for probate judge of Tuscaloosa County, and although having a majority in the county convention, was deprived of the nomination by the two-thirds rule. Some years later he was appointed judge of probate of Tuscaloosa County by Gov. Thomas G. Jones, and served for several years. He was county solicitor for nine years covering the period of the "Ku Klux" excitement. He was sent to the State legislature from Tuscaloosa County three times; served as county administrator for some years; and was mayor of Tuscaloosa four years. In October, 1886, Judge Cochrane be came associated in his law practice with Will iam C. Fitts, his nephew. He was one of the originators and organizers of the Tuscaloosa Coal, Iron & Land Company, was a director of the company and one of its advisers. About 1905 he became actively interested in railroad construction and operation, and devoted his energies to that until his death in 1913. He was largely credited with the promoting, build ing and successful operation of the Alabama, Tennessee & Northern Railroad, and was vice- president of that road at the time of his death. He was a Democrat, was chairman of the ex ecutive committee of Tuscaloosa County, was many times delegate to state and congressional conventions, and chairman several times of congressional conventions. He was a member of the Christ church at Tuscaloosa; was a Mason; an Elk; and a Knight of Honor. Mar ried: August 12, 1872, at Tuscaloosa, Lily Eliza Taylor, daughter of John T. and Nancy (Curry) Taylor, who lived at Mobile, the former a na tive of Marengo County, who moved to Mobile to practice law. Children: 1. John Taylor, b. June 24, 1874, superintendent of the Tusca loosa Belt Railway Company, 1894-1900, presi dent of the Carrollton and Reform Railroad, m. Alice D. Searcy, Tuscaloosa; 2. Louisa, d. in infancy; 3. William Gilbert, jr., d. in infancy. Last residence: Mobile. COCKE, JACK FLEMING, merchant and planter, was born November 26, 1812, at Athens, Clarke County, Ga., and died October 3, 1897, at Poplarville, Miss.; son of John and Sarah Jane (Fleming) Cocke, who lived near Athens, Ga., the former a soldier in the Rev olutionary War and the War of 1812, who was killed in the latter; uncle of Miss Zitella Cocke (q. v.). His ancestors came from Eng land to America at a very early period, and settled in Virginia. The old family records were destroyed in a raid just after the War of Secession. He obtained his education in the common schools of Georgia, and went to Alabama in 1830, where he embarked in the mercantile business at Mobile for several years. Then he moved to Marion, became proprietor of Cocke's hotel at that place for some years, finally retiring to a plantation where he devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits. In 1845, he was elected to the State senate from Perry County over his opponent, Col. Walthall, and continued without cessa tion, in that body for sixteen years. During that time, he defeated among other candi dates, Columbus W. Lea, and John P. Graham, and outlived, in the senate, every senator who entered the legislature with him in 1845. He retired from the upper house in 1861, and, after being defeated by F. S. Lyon for' the Confederate congress, retired to private life. In 1886, he moved to Poplarville, Miss., with his wife, and resided there until his death. He was a Whig; a Baptist; and a Master Ma son. Married: in 1830, at Sparta, Hancock County, Ga., Julia Ann Binion, daughter of John and Mary (Cook) Binion, who lived at Sparta, Ga., granddaughter of Rev. James Cook, of Georgia. The ancestors on the Binion side were French Huguenots, who came to America before the Revolutionary War. Chil dren: 1. Sarah Jane, m. Prof. Edward Quinn Thornton, both deceased; 2. Cornelia Flem ing, m. James McLaurine Shivers, Poplar ville, Pearl River County, Miss.; 3. Mary Binion, resides at St. Stephens, m. Benjamin Turner, deceased; 4. Julia Alice, m. Thomas R. White, Bogaloosa, Washington Parish, La.; 5. Minnie, resides at Marion, m. Dr. Offa Lunsford Shivers, deceased; 6. William Binion, deceased; 7. Jack Fleming, deceased; 8. Jessie, deceased; 9. Frank Edward, deceased. Last residence: Poplarville, Miss. COCKE, N. W., author and writer; supreme court reporter, 1849 to 1851; chancellor, 1861-68. COCKE, ZITELLA, author, was born in Perry County; daughter of Woodson St. George and Mary Elizabeth (Binion) Cocke, the former a planter, who died at Marion, 1867; niece of Hon. Jack F. Cocke (q. v.), for sixteen years State senator from Mont gomery district; brother of Madison Cocke, a member of the Fourth Alabama regiment, who was killed at the battle of Gettysburg, and of John Binion Cocke, who was educated at Marion Institute and the University of Ala bama, enlisted in the Twentieth Alabama reg iment in 1863, was made lieutenant of Co. G, was promoted to captain, participated in the battles of Jackson, Lookout Mountain, Mis sionary Ridge and Nashville, and left the service as a member of Gen. E. W. Pettus' staff, became a farmer after the war, was elected sheriff of Perry County in 1879, was appointed postmaster by President Cleveland, 366 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 1885-1889, was assassinated by being shot in the back while crossing a street in Marion in 1893. The name of Cocke, in another spelling, was among the Normans who came with Will iam the Conqueror, to England. The first ances tor in England was an officer in the battle of Hastings. In the reign of Edward III, the Cockes appear among the gentry of England, always soldiers. In the time of Charles I, they were Royalists who fought for their king. An in cident is told of Col. Cocke, who was in the army of Charles I. After the latter was cap tured, one of Cromwell's officers met Col. Cocke with the words, "Your King is taken! Your King is taken!" Col. Cocke lifted his sword as he sat on his horse, and said, "Then am I his more than ever, his in defeat even more than in victory. Take my sword if you can, I will never surrender it." The first of the name to locate in Virginia was Sir Rich ard Cocke, who came to America through love of adventure. At the time of the Revo lution, King George offered him command of an army. Sir Richard refused, and lent his aid to the Virginians. The Capt. Cocke spoken of in "Pepy's Diary" is a direct ancestor of Miss Cocke, as is also the Coke of Littleton, whose portrait stands in the Temple, London. The family name is spelled Coke in England. The Cockes have been in the army and navy of England and America for centuries, since the reign of Edward III. Members of the family are mentioned by Gen. Lee in his pub lished letters. Miss Cocke is also a descendant of the Madisons and Flemings. The Fleming branch of the family traces back to the youngest son of the Earl of Angus, who came to Virginia, and was an ancestor of Mrs. Dolly Madison. The mother of Father Wag- gett, who preached at the English church in Cambridge, Mass., and of Dr. Waggett, the famous scientist, was a Cocke. The mother of Miss Cocke was of Huguenot origin. She was related to the Marquis La Force and de Benion. The La Force family, her ancestors, were French noblemen, followers of Henri Quatre, and the House of Valois. The Hugue not preacher, Adolphe Monod, was of that family. After the revocation of the edict of Nantes, her immediate family went to Eng land and Wales. Mrs. Cocke was a cousin of Samuel Binyon, for many years a collector of ancient manuscripts; he was born in Switzer land, and was urged to accept his father's former position as librarian to the Czar, in Hermitage, St. Petersburg, by the czar per sonally, but declined, wishing to devote his time to antiquities. He was a famous lin guist, spoke all the modern languages and was an authority on the semetic languages. He lectured on Hebrew at Johns Hopkins Uni versity, and at Harvard, and his works, "The Restoration of Thebes, Karnak, and Baby lon," are to be found in the public libraries of Boston, New York and Baltimore. She was a grand-niece of Binyon, the chemist, a member of the academy, said to be the great est scientist of Paris at one time. Miss Cocke studied under private tutors, and under the supervision of her mother, a fine Latin scholar, musician and linguist. Later she attended Judson College, Marion, and was graduated with honors. She trav elled extensively in Europe, studying music under foreign teachers, and located at Balti more, Md., where she engaged in literary work and in teaching German and music. After some time in Baltimore, she moved to Boston, and taught voice and piano in addi tion to continuing her writing. Her father died shortly after the war, and at her mother's death, some time later, Miss Cocke undertook the care and education of her younger sister, Mrs. Forson, a vocalist of Chicago, who died in 1907. She is author of "Doric Reed," a volume of poems published by Copeland & Day in two editions, dedicated to her brother, Bin yon Cocke; "Grasshoppers Hop," a book of juvenile verse, dedicated to her brother Flem ing Cocke and "Cherokee Rose and Other Poems," published in 1905; and writes essays, short stories, verses for children and news paper articles. Much of her shorter work has been written for the "Youth's Companion." Her works have been translated into foreign languages and may be found in the libraries of Paris, where, in one library, the author's picture is hung. She has received favorable criticism in Canada and England, and was elected a member of the Authors' Club, in London, Westminster. Residence: Boston. COCKRELL, LEONIDAS AURELIUS, planter and teacher, was born November 27, 1839, at Livingston; son of Dempsey and Mel- licent (Carpenter) Cockrell, of that place. He was educated in the common schools of his native county and graduated A. B., 1861, at the University of Alabama. He served as a pri vate and later as first sergeant Co. G, 44th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. He engaged in teaching as a profession and has lived and taught at the following places: Car rollton, 1884-85; Cuba, 1891-93; Livingston, 1893-95, and 1899; Furman, 1895-97; Andalusia, 1898-99. He has now retired. Married: (1) May 28, 1862, at Forkland, to Minna Taylor; (2) June 11, 1885, at Carrollton, to Elanor Co rinne Hale. Residence: Livingston. COCKRELL, ROBERT SPRATT, lawyer, was born January 22, 1866, at Livingston, Sumter County; son of Augustus William and Susan (Spratt) Cockrell, of Livingston, the former a soldier of the Confederacy, who served under Gen. J. E. B. Stuart. He was educated by John Witherspoon DuBose and Henry Tutwiler and attended Amherst college, Vt., graduating at the University of Virginia, A. B., 1887, M. E., 1888; and was at the University of Berlin for one year. He studied law at the University of Virginia, graduated LL. B., 1891; admitted to the practice that year and formed partnership with his father and brother, in Tallahassee, Fla.; appointed justice of the supreme court of Florida, December, 1892, and served until 1916. He is a Democrat. Married: October 28, 1903, at Tallahassee, to Courtney, daughter of Gov. David Shelby and Elizabeth (Duncan) Walker, of Tallahassee; granddaughter of David Wal ker, sr., soldier of the Revolution and a mem ber of congress from Kentucky. Children: 1. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 367 Elizabeth Walker; 2. William David; 3. Rob ert Spratt, jr.; 4. Caroline Brevard. Residence: Tallahassee, Fla. CODY, FRANCIS M., merchant, was born in 1829, near where Luverne now stands; son of John and Melissa W. (Hill) Cody, the former a native of Warren County, Ga., born in 1803, who came to Alabama with his parents at a very early day, among the very first settlers of the state, was married in Pike County, located in the woods near where Luverne now is, moved to Butler County in 1856, but re turned to Pike County in 1861, was a farmer, a bookkeeper and a merchant, the latter a native of Darlington District, S. C, born in 1797, who was married three times, her first two husbands dying in South Carolina, came to Pike County, where she was married to Mr. Cody, and survived until 1882, when she died in Crenshaw County; grandson of John Cody, a Georgian, a farmer, who served in the War of 1812, was a direct descendant of one of three brothers who came from Ireland, one of whom settled where Cleveland, 0., now stands, the ancestor of William F. Cody, "Buffalo Bill," the second went west, and the third, the pro genitor of this family, settled in Georgia; and grandson of Lewis Hill, born in North Caro lina, of Scotch descent, a soldier in the Revo lution, who went to South Carolina when young, and from that state to Alabama, located in Pine County, but afterward went to Bar bour County, and died there in 1850 at the age of ninety years. Mr. Cody was reared on a farm, was educated in the country schools of the vicinity, and finished his schooling at Helicon Academy. He clerked for six years in Montgomery; returned to Pike County and embarked in the merchandising business at Millville and Valleyton, two years; then en gaged in farming until the beginning of the War of Secession. In May, 1862, he joined Hilliard's legion, afterward the Fifty-ninth Ala bama infantry, and was on the Kentucky raid, when his health failed and he was discharged at Knoxville, Tenn., in 1863. He was home for a few months, then made an unsuccessful at tempt to join Love's cavalry. He was rejected another time when he applied to join the Sev enteenth Alabama infantry. After the war, he farmed a short time, then entered the col lecting business in Montgomery. In 1867, on the formation of Crenshaw County, he was made the first clerk of the county, and served in that position for nineteen years. At that time he refused re-election, and retired to pri vate life, " devoting the remainder of his life to farming. He at one time served as justice of the peace. He was a Mason. Married: Martha F. Reese, a native of Lowndes County, daughter of George and Celia (Stokes) Reese, natives of Virginia and Alabama, respectively, who moved from Lowndes County to Texas, where they spent the remainder of their lives, the former a merchant and speculator, and a prosperous business man. Children: 1. Mollie L., m. Smith W. Sikes; 2. James M.; 3. Fan nie W., m. Oscar Centill; 4. John D.; 5. Ten- nent Lomax; 6. Cuba Estell. Last residence: Luverne. CODY, MICHAEL, banker, was born August 4, 1862, at Spring Hill, Barbour County; son of Michael and Frances (Thornton) Cody, the former a native of Warren County, Ga., a planter and merchant, who moved to Alabama, and was elected a Democratic member of the State legislature in 1870, but his seat was con tested by the Republicans, and in the organi zation of the house, he was ejected with others, at the point of Federal bayonets. He is of Scotch Irish descent. He supplemented a com mon school education received at the old Spring Hill Academy by liberal reading and study, and began his business career when he was sixteen years old. At first a clerk in a general store in Eufaula, he soon ventured into busi ness for himself. In 1887, he moved to Mont gomery, and soon after became connected with the firm of A. M. Kennedy & Son. Four years later, he purchased the interest of the senior partner of the firm, and the business was con tinued under the name of Kennedy & Cody. In the eight years that followed, the firm be came the largest builders' supply house in Alabama; then Mr. Cody withdrew in order to engage in banking, for which he had long been preparing himself. He secured a liberal and valuable legislative charter for the Union Bank & Trust Company, founded by him in 1901, and was elected president of that company. He is author of the Alabama law regulating state banks, the enactment of which is largely due to his efforts. His work has received the commendation of the Alabama Bankers' Asso ciation, of which he is an officer. For more than thirteen years, he has been superintend ent of the First Baptist Sunday school, and was one of the prime factors in the construc tion of the new building for that church. He is active in the work of the local and state Young Men's Christian Associations. Married: (1) Dora Ferrell, who died in 1896, daughter of Clarence A. Ferrell; granddaughter of Judge Blount Coleman Ferrell, of LaGrange, Ga.; (2) Nep Ferrell, sister of his first wife. Children, by first marriage: 1. Michael, jr.; by second marriage, 2. Daniel; 3. Melbourne; 4. Virginia. Residence : Montgomery. COFER, WILLIAM THOMAS, lawyer, was born February 4. 1856, at Holly Springs, Mar shall County, Miss.: son of Lemuel and Jane (Findley) Cofer, who lived at Norfolk, Va., and at Holly Springs and Oxford, Miss., the former of whom died in August, 1865, and the latter in January, 1901. He received his preparatory education at Chalmers institute, Holly Springs, Miss., and attended the University of Missis sippi at Oxford for two sessions. He withdrew from the University because of the ill health of his mother, and moved to Blount Springs. He was admitted to the bar in December, 1876, at Guntersville, and in October, 1877, moved to Cullman, where he began the practice of law. He was elected to the State legislature from Cullman County for the sessions of 1886-87, 1896-97, and 1898-1899; and represented Cull man County in the constitutional convention of 1901, as an Independent Democrat. Mar ried: February 24, 1881, at Cullman, to Mollie M. Moore. Residence: Cullman. 368 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY COFFEE, ALEXANDER DONELSON, manu facturer and planter, was born June 3, 1821, at "Hickory Hill," near Florence, and died there, May 12, 1901; son of Gen. John and Mary (Donelson) Coffee, (q. v.). He was fitted for college in the Lorance school of Florence; entered the University of Nashville in 1837, and in 1840 returned home to take charge of his family estates. In 1849 he became a manu facturer, entering the cotton-mill business as a member of the firm of Martin, Weakly and company. These mills, on Cypres Creek, were destroyed by the Federal army in 1865. He entered the Confederate Army as a member of Co. C, 16th Alabama infantry regiment, but early in the war was discharged from service, on account of ill health. After the close of the war he engaged extensively in cotton planting, but also setting the example of diversifying crops and in using improved farm machinery. He was an advocate of good roads, and built at his own expense the fine turnpike leading north from Florence to his home on Cypress Creek. He was a Democrat; and a Presbyter ian. Married: (1) May 16, 1844, at Florence, to Ann Eliza, daughter of James Long and Letitia Van Dyke (Campbell) Sloss (q. v.) ; (2) October 18, 1876, at Leighton, to Mrs. Camilla (Madding) Jones, daughter of Elisha and Eliza (Croom) Madding. Children, by the first wife: Mary, m. (1) — - O'Neal, (2) W. P. Camp bell; by the second wife: Eliza Croom, d. 1904. Last residence: Florence. COFFEE, JOHN, soldier and pioneer settler, was born June 2, 1772, in Prince Edward Coun ty, Va., and died July 7, 1833, at Florence, where he lies buried in the Coffee cemetery, three miles north of Florence; son of Joshua and Elizabeth (Graves) Coffee, of Virginia, who removed, in 1775, to Granville County, N. C, where he joined the Revolutionary Army, and commanded a company of "mounted gun men." In 1789, after the death of his father, John Coffee and his mother removed to David son County, Tenn., engaging for several years in merchandising. Later, he surveyed the Duck and Elk river territory. In 1813, he com manded the mounted troops that hastened to protect the Ft. Mims Territory, after the In dian massacre. He led the American troops in the first attack on the British at the battle of New Orleans, and was Gen. Andrew Jackson's aide in the Creek war, and at the Battle of Horse Shoe Bend. He was made surveyor of the northern District of the Mississippi Ter ritory. March, 1817, located at Huntsville. Later, he was re-appointed surveyor, and lo cated at Florence, holding this position until his death; his last commission being dated July, 1831. He developed an extensive holding of farm lands and built a large dwelling, which is still in the hands of his descendants. He was a Democrat. Married: October 3, 1809, in Davidson county, Tennessee, to Mary Donelson, sister of Rachel Donelson, wife of Andrew Jackson, daughter of John and Mary (Purnell) Donelson, and granddaughter of John and Rachel (Stockley) Donelson, of Virginia, the former a Revolutionary soldier. Children: 1. Mary, m. Hutchings; 2, John Donelson; 3. Elizabeth; 4. Andrew J.; 5. Alexander Don elson (q. v.) ; 6. Rachel Jackson, m. Dyas; 7. Catherine; 8. William D.; 9. Joshua. Last residence: Florence. COFFEY, JOHN R., farmer, merchant, was born March 27, 1814, at Wartrace, Bedford County, Tenn.; son of Rice and Sallie (Brad ford) Coffey, the former a native of Pennsyl vania, born in 1766, who moved to North Caro lina and became a gunsmith when a young man, married there, and returned to Tennessee in 1801, settled on a farm of one thousand acres of land which he had bought from Gen. Jack son, and on which his son was born, and died in 1853, his wife having preceded him by thir teen years; grandson of James Coffey, who raised a large family, of whom all the older sons served in the Revolutionary War. His grandmother was a sister of Col. Benjamin Cleveland, who commanded a regiment at the battle of King's Mountain. He spent his early days on a farm attending the common old- field schools. When he was thirteen years old he entered a high school at Shelbyville, Tenn., and remained there for a year, after which he went to Alabama, located at Belle fonte without a dollar in his pocket or an acquaintance in the county, and became clerk in a store. When he was twenty-two years old, he established a mercantile business of his own in that village, continuing it for ten years, until 1846. He was elected sheriff of Jackson County in 1840, and at the outbreak of the Mexican War enlisted in the U. S. Army in a company commanded by Capt. Richard W. Jones. He afterwards acted as lieutenant, lieutenant-colonel and major-general in the militia; went to Mobile to organize the First Alabama regiment; was elected its colonel; and as such participated in the siege of Vera Cruz. After the war with Mexico he became a general of militia. He had returned to his farm, and devoted his attention to its culti vation until 1853, when he moved to Stevenson and engaged in the mercantile business. He continued in that line until the beginning of the War of Secession, then closed his store, and went back to his farm of four thousand acres on the banks of the Tennessee River. In 1861, he was elected a delegate to the con vention which passed the ordinance of seces sion. He was bitterly opposed to that ordi nance, but being overpowered, submitted to the will of the majority, and afterward gave moral and substantial support to the cause of the Confederacy. He was a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: January 21, 1849, Mary Ann Cross, who died September 6, 1887; daughter of Col. Charles and Eliza (Clark) Cross, of Jackson County, natives of North Carolina, who came to Alabama about 1826, the former a soldier in the Indian wars, who was drowned in the Tennessee River, about 1848; granddaughter of Maclin Cross, who was in the battle of Nick- a-Jack, Indian Nation, and Robert Clark, who fought in the Revolutionary War, and died from a wound received in battle at Eutaw Springs; great-granddaughter of Col. William Maclin, an officer in the army of Independence. GENERAL JAMES L. PUGH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 371 Children: six, of whom four grew to maturity; 1. Eliza, m. William J. Tally; 2. Sallie B., m. C. W. Brown, chief clerk in the office of the state superintendent of education; 3. John B.; 4. Clark Maclin. Last residence: Fackler, Jackson County. COHEN, OCTAVUS ROY, author, was born June 26, 1891, at Charleston, S. C; son of Oc- tavus and Rebecca (Ottolengui) Cohen of Charleston, a lawyer and for twenty years one of the managing editors of the American press association and also editor of "The Brander Magazine," of New York; grandson of Joseph and Sarah (Barret) Cohen and of Israel and Rosalie (Moise) Ottolengui, all of Charleston. Both branches of Mr. Cohen's family came from France to America in 1700 and were among the first settlers of Charleston, S. C, and of Savannah, Ga. He was educated in the public schools of his native city, New York City, and Bayonne, N. J.; was a member of the 1908 class, Porter military academy, Charleston, S. C; and took an engineering course at Clem- son college, S. C, completing the junior year. Later he studied law and was admitted to the South Carolina bar, by examination, May, 1913, practicing his profession until 1916 since when he has devoted himself exclusively to writing short stories, novels, plays and photo plays. Author: novels, "The other woman," "The crimson alibi," "Polished ebony," "Grey dusk"; to be published in 1920, "Come seven"; and in 1921, "Six seconds of darkness." Plays: "The crimson alibi," in collaboration with George Broadhurst, produced in New York, London, Norway, Sweden, Australia and the orient; "The scourge," to be produced in 1920; "Polished ebony" to be produced in 1920; "Shadows," to be produced 1920-21; "Every Saturday night," to be produced in 1920. Short stories: a series of negro dialect stories which were run in the Saturday Evening Post, be ginning in 1918. Besides the above he is the author of three hundred other short stories, photo plays, articles and essays. Married: October 6, 1914, at Bessemer, to his first cousin, Inez, daughter of Edward H. and Cecil (Otto lengui) Lopez. Children: Octavus Roy, jr., born January 26, 1916. Residence: Birming ham. COLBERT, WILLIAM, Chickasaw Indian chief, was a native Alabamian and Revolution ary soldier, serving under Gen. Arthur St. Clair and leading his tribe against the hostile Indians, who operated with the British. In the War of 1812, he again led his tribe against the Creeks, pursuing them to Apalachicola, Fla., killing a number and bringing eighty-five prisoners back to Montgomery. He was, in 1816, the guest of the U. S. government at Washington, going there at the head of a Chickasaw delegation and being called "Gen eral" Colbert. He settled at Colbert's Ferry, on the Tennessee River, and the county laid off there was named in his honor. His sons were George, who owned the Ferry; Levi, who settled on Bear Creek, and James, who farmed in Colbert County. They went to the Indian Territory with the remnant of their tribe. One Herbert Colbert, afterwards, was the repre sentative of the Chickasaw nation in congress. COLCOCK, FRANCIS HORTON, lawyer and teacher, was born June 19, 1855, at Bellevue. Madison County; son of Charles Jones and Lucy Frances (Horton) Colcock, the former a native of Boiling Springs, Barnwell County, S. C, who was a merchant at Charleston, S. C., and served as colonel of the Third South Caro lina cavalry, C. S. Army; grandson of Thomas Hutson Colcock, who was chairman of the com mittee that introduced the Nullification Ordi nance in 1832, and of Rhoda and Lucy Frances (Otey) Horton, who lived at Huntsville; broth er of Prof. Charles J. Colcock, of Charleston, S. C; and a descendant of Dr. Henry Wood ward, the first prominent settler of South Caro lina soil. His paternal great-grandfather was a supreme court justice of the state of South Carolina, and president of the Bank of the State of South Carolina, whose father was a member of the council of safety and occupied various of fices of distinction. His ancestors figured con spicuously in the Revolutionary and ante Rev olutionary period, among them being Judge Smith and Col. Hay of New York, the Horton and Leftwitch families of Virginia, the Col- cocks and Hutsons of South Carolina, and the Horton, Robinson, Otey and Pettus families of Alabama. Mr. Colcock received his preparatory education from Henry Archer of Charleston, S. C, from William Currell of Beaufort County, S. C, and from Hugh Train of Savannah, Ga. He was graduated from Union college, Sche nectady, N. Y., C. E., in 1877, with highest hon ors. The degree of LL. D. has been conferred upon him by the University of Alabama. He studied law under Gen. James Conners, and was admitted to the bar at Charleston, S. C, 1879. He was assistant in the U. S. engineer ing department for some years under Capt. Post, Capt. Green and Capt. Bailey; practiced law in the firm of Howell, Murphy & Colcock, of Hampton and Walterboro, S. C, 1880-1882; taught at Porter Military Academy, 1886-1894; was assistant professor of mathematics, 1894- 1899, professor, 1899-1907, professor of mathe matics and astronomy, 1907-1911, dean of the department of physics and engineering, 1907- 1908, dean of the department of engineering and mathematics, 1908-1912, University of South Carolina; resumed the practice of law, June, 1915; and is now a lawyer and planter at Beaufort, S. C. Mr. Colcock was superin tendent of the county schools of Charleston County, S. C, and commissioner of the city schools of Charleston, 1892-1894. He was one of the vice presidents and directors of the Na tional Rivers and Harbors Congress, and was one of the original organizers and incorporators of the United States Good Roads Congress, at Washington, D. C. He is a Democrat; an Epis copalian; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: August 4, 1880, at Brooklyn, N. Y., to Mary Robert Jones, daughter of Seaborn and Jane Acenith Jones, who lived at Mill Haven, Ga., a descendant of Peter Jones, founder of the city of Petersburg, Va., and of Thomas Smith, land grave of South Carolina. Children: 1. Anna Eustace, m. Alva Charles DePass, Columbia, 372 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY S. C; 2. Charles Jones, m. Julia Pinckney Wil son, Bluffton, S. C; 3. Frances Horton, Cliff- ton Springs, N. Y.; 4. S. J., Columbia, S. C. Residence: Bluffton, S. C. COLE, ALICE (BROWNLEE), author. Resi dence: Birmingham. COLE, JAMES C, lieutenant colonel, 3rd Con federate infantry regiment, C. S. Army; lieu tenant colonel, 5th (Smith's, also called 9th) Confederate infantry; major 21st Tennessee in fantry regiment; probably a Tennessean. COLEMAN, ALICE, educator; superintendent of the city schools of Attalla, 1913. COLEMAN, AUGUSTUS AURELIUS, law yer, circuit judge, and member secession con vention, 1861, was born May 21, 1825, in Cam den, Kershaw District, S. C, and died June 5, 1910, at Birmingham; son of Dr. James Brown and Louise (Simpson) Coleman,- and the grand son of Robert and Elizabeth Coleman, and of Jacobus and Louise Simpson. The Colemans are of English ancestry, and early settlers in Virginia. Jacobus Simpson was a native of France, professor of languages in Lisle Uni versity, was the interpreter of Bonaparte on many of his campaigns, and on the fall of his chief, fled from France to America and located in Charleston, S. C. James B. Coleman was a graduate of the Charleston medical college, class of 1824, and a successful physician. Judge Coleman was educated in the common schools at Camden, S. C, and at Marion Junc tion. In 1840 he entered Yale college, and graduated in 1844 after a full four years' course with the A. B. degree. Immediately after graduation he went to Cahaba, Dallas County, where he read law in the office of Charles G. Edwards and William Hunter, two of the most successful and profound lawyers of the period. He was licensed to practice in 1846; located in Livingston, Sumter County, in 1848, and formed a partnership with B. W. Huntington. He was a justice of the peace at Cahaba, in 1847-48; in January, 1858, appointed by Gov. A. B. Moore, as judge of the seventh judicial circuit; elected to the position in May, 1858, and re-elected in 1864. In 1866 he re moved from Livingston to Greensboro, and from the latter point to Birmingham in 1888. In 1896 he was elected judge of the tenth judicial circuit, and re-elected in 1904. He was unanimously chosen as one of the dele gates to the Alabama secession convention of 1861; and was a member of the house of rep resentatives from Hale County in 1884-85. He was one of the founders and incorporators of the Southern university at Greensboro. On May 16, 1862, he was elected colonel of the 40th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, which he commanded in parts of the Vicksburg campaign late in 1862 and in the early days of 1863. In 1863 he resigned his command, and returned to the bench. He was a Demo crat; a Methodist; a Mason, and an Odd Fellow. Married: (1) October 5, 1848, to Amanda Mal- vina, daughter of John Cuthbert and Elizabeth (Monette) Phares, of North Carolina; (2) April 28, 1892, to Mary Stuart, daughter of Dr. William Thornton Stuart, of a well known Virginia family. Children, by first marriage: 1. James B., m. Annie P. Jones; 2. Frank; 3. Reavis; 4. Preston; 5. Wesley; 6. Augustus A., jr., m. Annie West; 7. Phares (q. v.), m. Mag gie Sledge Peterson, d.; by second marriage: 8. Stuart. Last residence: Birmingham. COLEMAN, CHARLES P., soldier of the American Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Greene County; private N. C. State Troops; enrolled on October 3, 1833, under act of con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance,- $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. COLEMAN, DANIEL, lawyer, was born August 2, 1801, in Caroline County, Va., and died November 4, 1857, in Athens; son of Daniel and Martha (Cocke) Coleman, the former a native of Cecil County, Md., a colo nel in the Revolutionary Army under George Washington, his commission granted by Thomas Jefferson, at that time governor of Virginia, lived in Caroline County, Va., his estate on the Mat River, "Concord," where he is buried, is in the possession of his descend ants; grandson of James and Mary (Key) Coleman, the former of English descent, who settled in Cecil County, Md., about 1720, the latter a native of that place, a member of the same family as Francis Scott Key, author of the "Star Spangled Banner," and of Hartwell and Anne (Ruffin) Cocke, who lived at Rich Neck, Surry County, Va. ; great-grandson of John Ruffin, of Surry County, Va., a relative of Edmond Ruffin; a descendant .of Col. Rich ard Cocke, of England, a member of the House of Burgesses of Virginia, 1634, 1644, and 1646. Other members of the Virginia family of Colemans were Frederic Coleman, M. A., edu cator and founder of Concord Academy; Lewis Coleman, colonel in the C. S. Army, and pro fessor of Latin, University of Virginia; and Judge Richard Coleman, of the circuit bench. Judge Coleman went to school at Concord Academy, taught by his brother, Burbage Coleman, until he was sixteen years of age, when his father's death, reducing the family from affluence to poverty, made it necessary for him to support himself. He taught a year at the Kanawha Salt Works, and raised the means to attend Transylvania University, Lexington, Ky., where he was also a tutor. During his attendance at the university, he resided with his brother James. Among his classmates were Gov. Henry Watkins Collier and Judge J. J. Ormond of Alabama. After graduating, he obtained clerical employment in one of the courts at Franklin, Ky., at the same time reading law in the office of Judge Bledsoe, his uncle, and Judge W. P. Chilton. He came to Alabama in 1819, settling in Mooresville, Limestone County, and through the influence of Capt. Nicholas Davis, at that time one of the representatives from Lime stone County, he was elected judge of the DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 373 county court. He was nineteen years old when he entered on the duties of that office, and held the position for sixteen successive years. He practiced law from the time he first located in Alabama, and in 1820, was chosen clerk of the first house of representatives. In 1829, he represented Limestone County in the state legislature. About that time he was elected one of the trustees of the Athens Fe male Academy. He afterwards established the Tennessee Conference Female College at Athens, and was influential in building it up to its present standing. In 1835, he was elected by the legislature judge of the eighth judicial circuit, and held that position for twelve years. During that time he conducted a law school at his home, having for some of his pupils R. C. Brickell, chief justice of Ala bama; Luke Pryor, lawyer, U. S. Senator; Judge William B. Wood; Judge John E. Moore; Judge William H. Walker; Hon. Henry C. Jones; D. P. Lewis, governor of Ala bama; Hon. John D. Rather; Col. Beverly Matthews; Judge Bernard McKiernan; Hon. William Adair; Chancellor Wade Keys; Hon. Nicholas Davis, jr.; and Hon. A. S. Fletcher. In June, 1851, he was appointed by Gov. Col lier to fill a vacancy in the supreme court caused by the resignation of Judge Parsons. He accepted with great reluctance, and filled the seat until the following winter when he declined election. He retired to his home in Athens where he lived the remainder of his life. He was a Democrat; a Methodist Epis copalian, a steward and trustee in the church; president of the board of trustees of the Athens Female College, 1844-1857; and a Ma son. Married: May 15, 1827, in Limestone County, Elizabeth Lockhart Peterson, born May 22, 1811, in Northampton County, N. C, died February 15, 1855, daughter of Batt and Sarah Peterson, of Northampton County, N. C; granddaughter of Samuel Lockhart, a major in the Revolutionary Army, and a member of the Virginia house of burgess. Children: 1. Rev. James L., b. January 29, 1830, d. in 1896, Methodist minister, m. Kate Lester, of Giles County, Tenn., children, Daniel, deceased, Granville of Columbia, Tenn., Minnie, m. Wil liam Irvine of Athens, Lila, Grace, Richard, m. Macou Allen, of Sheffield, and James; 2. Ruf fin, deceased; 3. Martha, deceased; 4. Eliza Lockhart, b. April 10, 1836, m. in 1859, Rob ert Henry Thach, who died November 9, 1866, resides at Auburn, children, Charles Coleman, member of the faculty of the Alabama Poly technic Institute, m. Nelly Stanford, Richard Hannon, d. June 11, 1888, at Auburn and Rob ert H., lawyer, Birmingham, m. Stella Bring- ier, children, Robert Gordon, and Stella Mayo; 5. Daniel (q. v.) ; 6. John Hartwell, b. 1840, captain in the C. S. Army, killed in the battle of Murfreesboro, December 31, 1862; 7. Cor nelius, deceased; 8. Richard Vassar, b. 1843, lieutenant, C. S. Army, killed at the battle of Chickamauga, September 20, 1863; 9. Ruffin, b. October 1, 1846, at Athens, d. April, 1910, at Clarksdale, Miss., physician, was grad uated from Southern University, and Louis ville Medical College, M. D., served in the C. S. Army under Gen. Roddy, and was captured and imprisoned by Federal officers when he was fourteen years old, for alleged piloting Gen. Forrest into Athens; 10. Frank, b. 1849, editor, and register in the United States Land Office at Huntsville, attended Southern Uni versity and was graduated from Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va., 1869, read law with Hon. Luke Pryor and was admitted to the bar, taught school for some time, was connected with the editorial staff of the St. Louis "Times" with the Nashville "Banner," became editor and half proprietor of the Hunts ville "Independent," 1876, and appointed reg ister in the Land office, January 20, 1887. Last residence: Athens. COLEMAN, DANIEL, lawyer, was born Sep tember 7, 1838, at Athens, Limestone County, and died June 29, 1906, at Huntsville; son of Daniel and Elizabeth Lockhart (Peterson) Coleman (q. v.). He numbered among his an cestry Col. Richard Cocke, of England, a member of the house of burgesses in 1634, 1644, and 1646; Col. Samuel Lockhart; Capt. William Hartwell; and Capt. John Ruffin, all prominent in colonial history. The sword of his grandfather, Daniel Coleman, who fought in the Revolutionary War as colonel of a reg iment, was kept by the family until their home in Athens was sacked by Federal troops. Mr. Coleman received his early schooling in Athens under the instruction of Mr. Echols and Mr. Frazer, and at Hanover Academy from Frederick and Lewis Coleman, and Mr. Schooler. He was graduated with honor from the Wesleyan College at Florence, 1859, and later, from the law school of the University of Virginia. He was admitted to the bar in 1860, and practiced for a short time be fore the War of Secession at Athens. Dur ing that time he also published a news paper, "The Courier," which ardently sup ported the Southern cause. At. the begin ning of hostilities he enlisted in the Madison Rifles as a private, March, 1861, with his brother John Hartwell Coleman. He first saw service in Pensacola, Fla., with the Seventh Alabama Infantry regiment, and after several months, was transferred to the army of Vir ginia and became a member of the staff of Gen. Philip St. George Cocke. At the death of Gen. Cocke, Mr. Coleman was transferred to the army of Tennessee, Gen. Wood's staff, Cle burne's division. When his brother, Capt. John A. Coleman, of Hawkins' battalion of Sharpshooters was killed in the battle of Mur freesboro, he became captain of the same com pany. He remained with the battalion until it was practically destroyed on Chickamauga field. In that battle another brother, Lieut. Richard Vance Coleman, fell at his side. After that time he was attached to Wheeler's cav alry and finally surrendered with that band. Capt. Coleman had narrowly escaped death a number of times. At Shiloh his horse was shot from under him, and later during the 374 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY same battle, a part of his uniform was carried off. At another time his canteen was shot from him and his coat was rent with bullets. After the establishment of peace, Mr. Cole man, having been stripped of all his posses sions by the war, taught school to support him self and secure an education for his younger brothers. After some time at that occupation, he located in Athens and began to practice law. In 1872, after serving as solicitor for Lime stone County, he was elected State senator from Limestone and Lauderdale Counties. He held his seat in the senate for three sessions and resigned in 1875 in order to practice law in Huntsville. Soon after, he was elected solicitor of the eighth judicial circuit by the general assembly, and held the office for six years. He was a delegate to the national Democratic convention in Chicago, at which Grover Cleve land was nominated for president, and was the first Alabamian to cast his vote for Cleveland. In 1886, he was appointed by President Cleve land to the consulship at St. Etinenne, France. He remained there until the failing health of his wife forced him to resign and seek a milder climate. He lived for some time on the Island of Capri, in the Bay of Naples, before return ing to his home in Huntsville, where he re entered the legal profession. He was appointed a lay-reader by Bishop Wilmer, and served for many years at the "Nativity," or Mother church, and also at the chapel at Dallas Mills. He was a Democrat; a Knight Templar; and Master Mason. Married: June 17, 1873, at Huntsville, Claude LeVert, daughter of Francis John and Ann Eliza (Withers) LeVert, of Huntsville, the latter a descendant of William Claiborne, born in Westmoreland County, England, about 1587, who came to Virginia in 1621, was a member of the council, secretary of state, deputy gov ernor, and treasurer of Virginia, and of Augustine and Mary (Herbert) Claiborne, and, through Ann Fox, of Gov. West of Virginia; granddaughter of Dr. Claudius and Anne Lea (Metcalfe) LeVert, the former fleet surgeon to the Count of Rochambeau, the latter a de scendant of William Strachey of Saffron Wal- den, Essex, England, who came to Virginia in 1610, was appointed secretary of state, wrote a well-known history of early Virginia, and of John Strachey and Elizabeth Vernon, the sis ter of Admiral Vernon; great-granddaughter of MarguSritta (Verdot) LeVert, of Nancy, France. Children: 1. LeVert, captain of coast artillery at Fortress Monroe, attended the Lycee of St. Etienne, France, and the Mill-" tary Academy of Huntsville, was graduated with honor from the Alabama Polytechnic In stitute, and from West Point, 1899, seventh In a class of seventy-two, in company with a lieu tenant, had charge of dynamiting buildings during the San Francisco fire, was sent as mil itary attache to Brazil in 1912, was military aid to the Brazilian Minister during his stay in the United States, 1913, was sent abroad on the "Tennessee," 1914, m. M. L. Fletcher, daughter of Hon. A. S. Fletcher of Huntsville; 2. Claude Verdot, m. Edwin Russel Dickenson, attorney-at-law of Tampa, Fla. Last resi dence: Huntsville. COLEMAN, EZRA WILSON, lawyer, was born August 10, 1861, at Greensboro, Hale County, and died October 13, 1904, at Jasper; son of Judge Thomas Wilkes and Frances Jane (Wilson) Coleman (q. v.). His early school ing was begun in Meridian, Miss., under J. H. Carter; later he attended school at Green Springs, under Dr. Henry Tutwiler; and was graduated from the University . of Alabama, A. M., 1879, and LL. B., 1881. He commenced the practice of law in Eutaw in 1881, where he remained with his father until the latter was made chancellor. He moved to Birmingham and practiced for two years, then, in 1887, located in Jasper, where he became associated with Thomas L. Sowell, under the firm name of Coleman & Sowell. He was solicitor of the fourteenth judicial district for several years, and was a member of the constitutional con vention of Alabama of 1901. He was a stock holder in the Jasper Trust Company, the Lock- port Coal Company, the Jasper Stone & Quarry Company, and the Carbon Hill & Horse Creek Coal Company. He was a Democrat, a Pres byterian, an Odd Fellow, a Knight of Pythias, and a member of the Improved Order of Red Men. Married: September 13, 1893, at Jasper, Nanette Shields, daughter of John B. and Car rie (Long) Shields, of Jasper. Her great grandfather, James Shields, was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, and her great-great grandfather, William Shields, was born in the County Armagh, Ireland, July 14, 1728, em barked on a sloop commanded by Capt. Alex Smith bound for America, February 26, 1737. He was nine years old at the time, and on the voyage lost his father, Robert Shields. He settled in Maryland. Children: 1. John S.; 2. Ezra W.; 3. Ellen; 4. Thomas Wilkes; 5. Caro line. Last residence: Jasper. COLEMAN, FRANKLIN, lawyer and jour nalist, was born May 17, 1849, at Athens, and died June 10, 1909, in Montgomery; son of Judge Daniel and Elizabeth Lockhart (Peter son) Coleman, of Athens, the former justice of the supreme court of Alabama; grandson of Col. Daniel Coleman and wife, a Miss Cocke, of Caroline County, Va., the former an of ficer in the Virginia line, Revolutionary Army, and a member of the house of burgesses, and of Batt and Sarah Peterson, of North Carolina. He was educated in the Athens academy, and while attending the Southern university, ran away and joined the Confederate forces; after the War of Secession, he entered Washington and Lee university, and graduated in 1870. In 1861, he joined Gen. N. B. Forrest's mounted command, and knowing the country of North Alabama well, he acted as guide and assisted Forrest in overtaking Streight, and forcing his surrender before reaching Rome, Ga. He was captured and carried to Athens, where he was tried as a spy and condemned to death by Federal court martial; he escaped, returned to Forrest, and served to the close of the war. He studied law under Gen. Luke Pryor, was DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 375 admitted to the practice, but entered jour nalism. He served on the staff of "The Nash ville Banner," "The American," of Nashville, and later, was editor of the "Huntsville Inde pendent" Years later, he became register in the U. S. land office, at Huntsville and went with the office to Montgomery, when it was removed to that place, and served in that ca pacity until his death. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Unmarried: Last residence: Montgomery. COLEMAN. JESSE ALBERT, planter and legislator, was born June 17, 1872, near Mt. Willing; son of Thomas Livingston and Mary (Ray) Coleman; grandson of Abraham and Mary Coleman, and of Albert J. Ray. He was educated in the schools of Mt. Willing; and took a business course at Howard college; was engaged in the mercantile business from 1893 to 1900; since that date he has been a farmer. In 1907 he represented Lowndes County in the legislature. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Mason. Married: May 19, 1898, at Mt. Will ing, to Mary, daughter of Capt. Joseph Lemuel and Martha Ellen Hinson, of that place. They are the parents of five children. Residence: Mt. Willing. COLEMAN, JOSEPH RICHARD, business man, was born April 22, 1867, at Athens, Lime stone County; son of Dr. James L. and Cath erine (Lester) Coleman, the former a phy sician and Methodist minister, serving as pre siding elder of the Tuscaloosa and Huntsville districts; grandson of Judge Daniel and Eliza beth (Peterson) Coleman (q. v.). Mr. Cole man was educated in the schools of Alabama and later attended Southern university, Greens boro. He located in Sheffield in 1887, becom ing a member of the firm of Ashe & Qoleman, real estate and general insurance. He has served as city clerk and auditor; State land agent; back tax commissioner for Colbert Coun ty; and notary public. He is an Episcopalian; Elk; and member of the Kappa Alpha col lege fraternity. Married: June 23, 1897, to Macon Reynolds, daughter of Gen. William Wirt and Susan (Ball) Allen (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. William Allen; 2. Joseph Richard, :r. Residence: Sheffield. COLEMAN, PHARES, lawyer, supreme court reporter, was born March 31, 1865, at Liv ingston; son of Judge Augustus A. and Amanda Malvina (Phares) Coleman (q. v.). Mr. Cole man was educated in the private schools of Greensboro, the preparatory department of the Southern university; and was graduated from the latter, A. B., 1882. He was gradu ated from the University of Alabama, A. M., 1883, and from the law department, in 1885, with the degree of LL. B. In 1885 Mr. Cole man entered upon the practice of law at Greens boro. In 1887 he was appointed secretary to the supreme court of Alabama, and from 1894 to 1905 he was the reporter of the decisions of the supreme court. Mr. Coleman was presi dent of the Montgomery library association for several years; was for some years a mem ber of the board of directors of the commer cial and industrial association of Montgomery; was a steward in the Court street Methodist church, Montgomery; is a Knight of Pythias; was a member of the advisory board of the alumni society of the University of Alabama; and was chairman of the advisory board which was instrumental in aiding in securing the location in Montgomery of St. Margaret's hos pital. He is a Democrat. Married: March 12, 1889, to Margaret Sledge, daughter of Dr. Francis M. and Margaret J. (Sledge) Peter son (q. v.), of Greensboro. Children: 1. Phares, jr., m.; 2. Elizabeth; 3. Margaret. Residence: Birmingham. COLEMAN, THOMAS K., major, 4th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. COLEMAN, THOMAS WILKES, lawyer, as sociate justice of the supreme court of Ala bama, was born March 31, 1834, near Eutaw, Greene County; son of James Cobb and Martha Ann (Anderson) Coleman, who were married December 5, 1830, and lived at Eutaw, the former a native of Edgecombe County, N. C, who came to Alabama in 1818 or 1819, lived in different parts of Greene County, was twice married, his second wife being Juliet Bestor, and died in 1868; grandson of John and Rhoda (Cobb) Coleman, who were married February 4, 1807, and moved from North Carolina to near Eutaw, the latter a native of Virginia, and of Thomas I. and Jane (Kennedy) Ander son, who were married September 28, 1801, and lived in Abbeville District, S. C, until they moved to Greene County in 1818, where they settled on "Anderson Hill," near Mt. Zion, the Presbyterian church; great-grandson of Charles and Mary Rountree, both of Edgecombe County, N. C, who moved to Alabama in 1818, settling first in Bibb County, the former a soldier in the Revolution, serving as quarter master in the Third North Carolina regiment, who died in 1824, the latter dying in 1821, and of Thomas Anderson and his wife, who lived in South Carolina, the former a soldier in the Revolutionary War, a private in the Third South Carolina regiment, commanded by Col. William Thompson, and was killed at the bat tle of Charleston, S. O, and of James and Mary (Hamilton) Kennedy, the former a lieutenant in the First South Carolina regiment, com manded by Col. Charles C. Pinckney, Colonial Army, who was captured at Charleston in 1780, and promoted from second to first lieutenant, 1781, the latter a kinswoman of Alexander Hamilton, and a member of the Scotch branch of Hamiltons, a descendant of James Hamilton, fourth son of Alexander Hamilton, Laird of Grange, and his wife Elizabeth, eldest daugh ter of Sir Robert Pollock. The Hamiltons of Grange belong to the Cambuskeith branch of the great house of Hamilton, and the founder of that branch in the fourteenth century was Walter de Hamilton, the common ancestor of the Dukes of Hamilton, the Dukes of Abercorn, Earls of Haddington, Viscount Boyne, Barons Belhaven, several extinct peerages and all of the Scotch and Irish Hamilton families. He was the fifth in descent from Robert, Earl of Mellent, created by Henry I, Earl of Leicester, 376 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY who married a granddaughter of King Henry I, of France, and his queen, who was a daughter of Jeroslaus, czar of Russia. Judge Coleman received his early education in the county schools, and was prepared for college at Green Springs, by Dr. Henry Tut wiler. He was graduated at Princeton, New Jersey, A. B. The degree of A. M. was con ferred on him by that college, and the degree of LL. B., by the University of Alabama. He read law in the office of Stephen F. Hale, for whom Hale County was named, and was ad mitted to the practice by the supreme court of the state in 1855. He practiced his profession at Eutaw until the commencement of the war in 1861. At that time he was with the Greens boro Guards, occupying Fort Morgan. He or ganized a company of troops, and became its captain, holding that place until he was des perately wounded at the battle of Missionary Ridge, when a minie ball passed entirely through his body, destroying his left lung and incapacitating him for further service. He recovered from his wound and resumed the practice of law. He was a member of the con stitutional convention of 1865, and in 1866 was elected solicitor for the fifth circuit, but was ousted from office by the reconstruction laws in 1868. In 1878, he was appointed solicitor for the seventh circuit by Gov. W. R. Cobb, and in 1880, was elected to that office by the legislature for a six year term. At the end of that term, he was re-elected by the legisla ture for another period of six years, but re signed in March, 1887, in order to accept the appointment of Gov. Thomas Seay, to the chan cellorship of the southwestern chancery divi sion of Alabama. After serving as chancellor for four years, he was appointed associate jus tice of the supreme court of Alabama. In 1901, he was a delegate to the state constitutional convention, was the only member who sat in that convention and in the convention of 1865, and was chairman of the committee to frame an article on suffrage and elections. He was at that time the principal author of an article providing for qualified suffrage. The rules of the convention were suspended by a two-thirds vote, and resolutions complimenting him, and extending thanks to him specially, for services in framing the new constitution, were adopted. He was president of the Merchants & Farmers Bank at Eutaw; and chairman of the execu tive committee of the board of trustees of the University of Alabama, and president of the board, pro tem. He is a Presbyterian and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: November 1, 1860, at Sumterville, Sumter County, Frances Jane Wilson, born October 29, 1842, at Moundville, Hale County, daughter of Samuel James and Elizabeth (Frierson) Wilson, who lived at Moundville, the former born May 16, 1790, in Williamsburg District, S. C, who served in the War of 1812, being stationed on Cat Island, twenty-five miles off land, Georgetown, guarding that point; granddaughter of Robert and Elizabeth (Mcllvain) Wilson, who were married in 1764, the former a native of South Carolina, born October 9, 1737, died March 4, 1813, a soldier in the Revolution, serving as private in tbe sixth South Carolina and Third South Caro lina regiments under Marion, and of James and Mary (Brown) Frierson; great-granddaughter of David and Mary (Witherspoon) Wilson, the former a native of Ireland, born in 1710, who was married in that country and emigrated to South Carolina in 1732, the latter born in Ire land in 1707, a first cousin of her husband, was also cousin to John Witherspoon, signer of the Declaration of Independence, of James Frierson and his wife, whose maiden name was Davis; great-great-granddaughter of Will iam and Jane (Witherspoon) Wilson, who were married in Ireland and emigrated to America about 1832, the latter the aunt of John With erspoon, a signer of the Declaration of Inde pendence, and great-great-granddaughter of John Witherspoon, born in Scotland in 1670, from whom is dated the origin of the family in America, and of James and Margaret (Frierson) Frierson, cousins; great-great- great-granddaughter of David Witherspoon, and of John and James Frierson, brothers, and soldiers in the Revolution; great-great-great- great-granddaughter of Rev. and Lucy (Welch) Witherspoon, and of William Frierson, who came with his wife and two sons, John and James, from County Down, Ireland, to Will iamsburg District, S. C, and is the head of the Frierson family in this country; great-great- great-great-great-granddaughter of Rev. John and Elizabeth (Knox) Welch; great-great- great-great-great-great-granddaughter of John and Lady Margaret (Stuart) Knox, the latter the youngest daughter of Agnes, daughter of John Cunningham of Caprington, and Andrew, second Lord Ochiltree, commonly called the "good." Mrs. Coleman is also a direct descend ant of Andrew, third Lord of Avondale and Lady Margaret Hamilton, daughter of James, first Earl of Arran, by Beatrice Drummond, his first wife; of Andrew Stuart, second Lord of Avondale, and Margaret Kenedy, daughter of Sir John Kenedy of Blairquhan, in Ayrshire; of Walter Stuart, of Murphie, and Elizabeth, daughter of Arnot of Ar- not, the former the son of James Stuart and Miss McDonald, of the family of McDon ald, of Ireland, who on the imprisonment of his father and brother, with the assistance of the Bishop of Argile, assaulted and burned the town of Dumbarton, and killed Sir James Stuart, the governor of the Castle, 1424, was proclaimed a traitor and sought refuge in Ire land, where he married, and died in 1441; of James Stuart, son of Murdock, second Duke of Albany, Governor of Scotland, until the restora tion of his cousin, James I of Scotland, and Isabel, daughter and co-heiress of Duncan, last Earl of Lennox; and of Robert, Earl of Fife and Monteith, afterwards Duke of Albany, and Margaret, only daughter of Murdoch, Earl of Monteith, who were married in 1399. Her ancestry has been traced through that line hack eighteen generations, through Robert II, King of Scotland, the only child of Walter, High Steward of Scotland, and his wife Mar jory, daughter of Robert, the Bruce. Children: 1. Ezra Wilson (q. v.); 2. Ellen, Eutaw; 3. Julia, deceased, m. James Oliver Banks, Eutaw; 4. Mary, m. Grigsby Eskridge Chandler, de- HORACE TURNER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY '379 ceased, Eutaw; 5. Thomas Wilkes, jr. (q. v.); 6. Flavel Woodrow, m. Nannie McMillan, At lanta, Ga.; 7. James Samuel, m. Mary Bell Peteet, Eutaw; 8. Frances Jane, m. Thomas Thompson Quarles, Eutaw; 9. Charles Hamil ton, Eutaw; 10. John Anderson, m. Sue Innis Brumbach, Seattle, Washington. Residence: Eutaw. COLEMAN, THOMAS WILKES, jr., lawyer, probate judge and judge city court of Annis ton; was born December 19, 1868, near Butler, Choctaw County; son of Judge Thomas Wilkes and Frances J. (Wilson) Coleman (q. v.). Judge Coleman, jr., studied in the public schools at home until he was ten years of age, and then attended Dr. Henry Tutwiler's school at Greene Springs three years, entered the academic department of the University of Ala bama; after this he attended the University of Virginia one year, and again the University of Alabama, from which he graduated with the degree of A. B. in 1885, and LL. B. in 1889. He began the practice of law in 1889 in An niston; was a member of the legislature in 1896-97; attorney of the city of Anniston in 1897-99; solicitor seventh circuit, 1898-1901; judge of the city court of Anniston, November, 1901 to 1916; and since 1916 probate judge of Calhoun County. He is a Presbyterian; a Knight of Pythias, and a member of the Sigma Nu college fraternity. Married: October 15, 1891, at Anniston, to Carrie Arnold, daughter of Stephen H. and Catherine Elizabeth (Pow ell) Beasley, both of Montgomery. Children: 1. Frances Wilson; 2. Alfred; 3. Catherine Elizabeth; 4. Thomas Wilkes. Residence: An niston. COLEMAN, WALTER LEAKE, lawyer, was born January 10, 1813, in North Carolina, and died December 4, 1879, in Montgomery; son of Dr. James and Nancy (Leake) Coleman, of Rockingham, N. C. He was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., studied law and was admitted to the bar. He practiced law in Montgomery, where he was at one time register in chancery, and was elected mayor of the city, 1864-1868. He was a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: May 7, 1844, in Montgomery, Caroline A. Bibb, daughter of Hon. B. S. Bibb. Children: 1. Walter Bibb, deceased, m. Mamie Lowe, of Montgomery; 2. Pickett Leake, deceased, unmarried. Last resi dence : Montgomery. COLEMAN, WILEY, lawyer, was born Feb ruary 11, 1819, in Edgecombe County, N. C, and died May 22, 1892, at Eutaw; son of John and Rhoda (Cobb) Coleman, who came from North Carolina and settled first in Bibb County, in 1819, and two years later moved to Greene County, where they resided on a plantation for the rest of their lives; grandson of Charles and Mary (Rountree) Coleman, of Edgecombe County, N. O, and of James and Penelope Eth- ridge (Butts) Cobb. The Colemans came from England and settled at Wilmington, N. C. The Cobbs and Butts were residents of Norfolk, Va. Judge Coleman was the uncle of Judge Thomas W. Coleman (q. v.). His early schooling was Vol. HI— 25 obtained in Eutaw, and he was for some years a student at the University of Alabama. He attended the law school of the University of Virginia, and was graduated in 1842. He im mediately opened practice in Eutaw, where he spent practically all of his life. He was elected judge of the county court of Greene County, in 1846; and represented the county in the legis lature for two terms during the War of Se cession. He was a member of the state con stitutional convention of 1875. In addition to his law practice, he had large planting Inter ests in the district around Eutaw. He served as a private in the Mexican War, and was a Democrat. He was never married. Last resi dence: Eutaw. COLEMAN, WILLIAM H., member of the constitutional convention of 1865 from Wash ington County. COLEMAN, WILLIAM MADISON, business man and legislator, was born March 2, 1860, near Guntersville, Marshall County; son of John Crawford and Mary Jane (Critcher) Cole man, the former a farmer and merchant, was first sergeant in Russell's 4th Alabama cav alry regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of Thomas A. and Mary (McCrary) Coleman, and of James and Jina E. (Roden) Critcher, who was born in North Carolina, in 1809, removed to Alabama, represented Marshall County in the legislature, and was a State senator from the fifth district. He was educated in the common schools of Marshall County; which county he represented in the State legislature, 1892-93, again in 1894-95, and was re-elected in 1906. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; Odd Fellow; Knight of Pythias; and a Knight of Honor. Married: February 4, 1880, in Mar shall County, to Nancy Catherine, daughter of Hiram and Edith (Green) Bailey. Residence: Albertville. COLLIER, BUCKNER K, lawyer, was born in Opelika; son of Thomas Collier, a North Carolinian, who died at Opelika, 1883, at the age of seventy-eight years. His mother, a native of Tennessee, was before her marriage, a Miss Killibrew; she died at Opelika in 1877, when she was fifty-six years old. The Colliers originally came from England, while the Killi- brews are of Scotch descent. He was educated in a high school at Decatur, Ga., and in col lege at Auburn; and began the study of law in 1875, at Opelika, under Hon. William H. Barnes. He was admitted to the bar in 1877, and immediately began to practice law in Opelika in partnership with Augustus Barnes, the son of his late preceptor. That same year, he became assistant solicitor for Lee County, and filled that position until he moved to Montgomery in 1885. He formed a partner ship with Mr. Pinckard in that city, under the firm name of Collier & Pinckard, and from that time on devoted himself exclusively to his practice. He was attorney for the Corbin Banking Company of New York for many years, and as such, had supervision of their immense financial interests in Alabama. He 380 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY was vice president of the State Abstract Com pany of Montgomery, and a director in the First National Bank of Opelika. He was chair man of the Democratic Executive Committee of Lee County for some time. Married: in 1881, at Opelika, Charlotte Isabella Hooper, daughter of Col. George W. Hooper, who com manded the Third Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, during the War of Secession. Last res idence: Montgomery. COLLIER, HENRY WATKINS, lawyer, chief justice of the supreme court of Alabama, gov ernor of Alabama, was born January 17, 1801, on his father's plantation in Lunenburg, County, Va., and died August 28, 1855, at Bailey's Springs; son of James and Elizabeth (Bouldin) Collier, the former of whom was born October 13, 1757, at the family plantation in Lunenburg County, Va., was a soldier in the Revolution during which struggle he re ceived a sabre cut across his cheek in a hand to hand encounter with a British officer at the battle of Eutaw Springs, moved with his family to Abbeville District, S. C, in 1802, and to Madison County, 1818; grandson of Cornelius and Elizabeth (Wyatt) Collier, who lived on the plantation in Lunenburg County, and of James and Sallie (Watkins) Bouldin, who lived in Charlotte County, Va.; great- grandson of John Collier of Little York, Va., who was either a native of England, or the son of an Englishman, and of Col. Thomas Bouldin, a lieutenant-colonel in the French and Indian wars in Virginia, and a vestryman in the Church of England. He belonged to an old colonial family, of which Sir Francis Wyatt and Rear-Admiral Sir George Collier were members. He was educated at the academy of Dr. Moses Waddell, at Willington, S. C, and went with his parents to Alabama territory in 1818. He read law with Judge Haywood of Nashville, Tenn., and was licensed to practice in Huntsville, 1822. He remained in Hunts ville for a brief time, then located in Tusca loosa, in 1823, becoming the law partner of Hon. Sion L. Perry. He was elected to the legislature from Tuscaloosa County in 1827, and the following year, was elected by the legislature to the supreme bench over Judge Eli Shortridge. When the supreme bench was constituted separately in 1832, Judge Col lier was continued on the circuit bench. When Judge Saffold resigned in 1836, Gov. Clay ap pointed him to the vacancy in the supreme court, and the legislature elected him to the position over Hon. A. Crenshaw of Butler at the following election. The following year he was elected chief justice of the supreme court, a position which he held for the following twelve years. His decisions are spread through thirty-five volumes of the reports of the su preme court of Alabama. Judge Collier was elected governor of Ala bama without opposition in 1849, and was re elected two years later, defeating B. G. Shields, William L. Yancey and Nathaniel Terry. Dur ing his term as governor, he presented the memorial stone for the Washington monu ment on behalf of the state of Alabama. His support was sought by both the southern rights and Union party, but he favored neither side of the question which then agitated the southern states. At the end of his second term, he was offered a seat in the U. S. senate, but declined, and retired to private life, with his health fatally impaired by his arduous labors. He was first president of the Alabama His torical Society; was at one time general of the state militia; and was a steward in the Methodist Episcopal church, being one of the eight men who built the present church in Tuscaloosa. He was a Democrat. Married: April 25, 1826, in Tuscaloosa, Mary Ann Bat tle, who was born March 16, 1803, in Nash County, N. C, and died April 7, 1867; daugh ter of Capt William and Mary Ann (Williams) Battle, who lived near Nashville, Nash County, N. O, the former a Revolutionary soldier; granddaughter of Maj. John Williams, who served in the commissary department during the Revolutionary War with the rank of major, as he was too old for active service. Both families lived in North Carolina, but originally came from Virginia, where they were con nected with the Drakes and Bustins. The Williams family emigrated from Wales. Mrs. Collier is of the same family as Sir Francis Drake of England. Children: 1. Mary Wil liams, m. Prof. George William Benagh, of the University of Alabama, a scientist of distinction, who was drowned in Tuscaloosa; 2. Evelyn Hewett, m. Capt. William Thomas King, of Dallas, who was killed in the second battle of Manassas, the nephew and adopted son of William Rufus King, vice president of the United States; 3. Dr. James Wyatt, physi cian, never married; 4. Sallie Bouldin, m. Capt. Battle S. Fort, of Mississippi. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. COLLIER, JAMES, soldier of the American Revolution, was born October 13, 1757, in Lun enburg County, Va., and died in Madison Coun ty, August 20, 1832; son of Cornelius and Eliza beth (Wyatt) Collier; grandson of John and his third wife, Nancy (Eyres) Collier; great- grandson of Charles Collier of King and Queen County, Va.; related on his maternal side to Sir Francis Wyatt, Colonial governor of Vir ginia. He fought in the battles of Guilford, Brandy wine, Savannah and Eutaw Springs; removed to Abbeville District, S. C, in 1802, where he was a planter. In 1818 he removed to Alabama, his son having already settled in Madison County in 1812. Married: July 3, 1788, to Elizabeth, daughter of James and Sally (Watkins) Bouldin; granddaughter of Col. Thomas and Nancy (Clark) Bouldin, who set tled in Lunenburg County, Va., in 1744, coming from Pensylvania. Children: 1. Bouldin, m. Sarah Slaughter of Limestone County; 2. Wy att, m. Janet Walker of Nashville, Tenn.; 3. Martha, m. William Alexander Slaughter, of Culpeper County, Va. ; 4. James Bouldin, m. (1) Sarah W. Land of Limestone County, (2) Mrs. Frances Slaughter ; 5. Eliza Wyatt, m. Wil liam Henry Backwell of Lunenburg, Va.; 6. William Edward, m. (1) Emily Goodwyn Stew art; (2) Jane Ophelia Stewart of Madison County; 7. Henry Watkins, (q. v.) governor of DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 381 Alabama, m. Mary Ann Battle of Bailey Springs; 8. Thomas Bouldin, m. Mary Dent of Madison County; 9. Charles Ephraim, m. Eliza beth Madison Stewart of Madison County. Last residence: Madison County. COLLIER, JAMES MARSHALL, physician, was born October 19, 1838, in Hampton, Va., and died October 4, 1911, at Troy; son of Charles Miles and Sarah (Cowles) Collier. He received his education in Virginia and at the outbreak of the War of Secession enlisted in Co. F, 6th Virginia infantry regiment, C. S. Army. He was one of seven who, with Lieu tenant Sinclair and others of the old navy, captured Fort Norfolk and gave the Con federacy the ammunition with which the first battle of Manassas was fought. Later he was commissioned surgeon in Armisteads' brigade, Longstreet's corps, and was one of a special surgical corps organized March 15, 1864. He was captured at Camp Jackson hospital at the fall of Richmond. After the war he located in Georgia; removed to Orion, Pike County, in 1869, where he practiced his profession; and in 1878, located in Troy, practicing medicine and becoming proprietor of a wholesale drug store. He was an Episcopalian; a member of the National medical association; and a Ma son. He was married at Orion, his wife and one daughter preceding him to the grave. Two other daughters, Mrs. Percy Smith and Mrs. M. Downer Pace, survived him. Last residence: Troy. COLLIER, JOSEPH M., teacher, was born February 15, 1868, at Rockmills, Randolph County; son of Thomas and Nancy (Blair) Collier, of Cleburne County; grandson of Thomas Collier and his second wife, of Clay County. He was educated in the public schools of Clay and Marshall Counties; graduated Wal nut Grove college, 1887-92, with the B. S. de gree; Chattanooga normal college, 1898, B. S. degree; and from Howard college, 1912, A. B.; summer student at University of Virginia, Tu lane and Peabody normal. He has been a teacher in the rural schools of Alabama for years; served as instructor in mathematics in summer schools of Universities of Virginia, and Alabama; superintendent of schools for Decatur for eight years. He is a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: April 12, 1894, at Walnut Grove, to Fannie Viola, daughter of Jesse Thomas and Annie (Penny) Campbell, of that place; granddaughter of William Camp bell of South Carolina. Children: 1. Royal L., deceased; 2. Ruby Jo, deceased. Residence: Decatur. COLLIER, THOMAS A., planter, was born July 13, 1831, in Burke County, N. C; son of George and Martha (James) Collier, of North Carolina; grandson "of Mary Collier of Phila delphia, who reared Thomas A„ on the death of his mother, in his infancy, and removed to Alabama, locating near the Tennessee River. He was educated in the schools of his com munity, and engaged in railroad work, until 1856, when he removed to Brundidge, Pike County. There he formed a partnership with his brother, George, and engaged in merchan dising until 1861. He enlisted as private in Co. F, 15th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and was in the battles of Front Royal, Harper's Ferry, Antietam, Second Manassas, the Wilderness campaign and Jackson's Valley and took part in the retreat from Richmond, 1865. He was made prisoner twice, but was never wounded. He resumed farming, at the close of war, and extended his operations to five hundred acres of Pike County lands, near Brundidge. He was a Democrat; a Mason; and a Methodist. Married: February 1, 1868, at Brundidge, to Allie, daughter of Simeon and Louisa Williams of Pike County. Children: 1. Lena, m. A. L. Dickinson, of Brundidge. Residence: Brundidge. COLLINS, ALFRED, teacher and public of ficial, was born in Rhea County, Tenn., in 1816. After acquiring a good education, he moved, in 1840, to Alabama, settling in DeKalb County. He was reputed one of the best math ematicians in north Alabama, and in early life engaged in teaching, being instrumental in building up several fine schools in DeKalb County. After some years, he gave up teach ing, and engaged in planting, continuing in that occupation, with the exception of the period during the War of Secession, for the re mainder of his life. In politics, he was an old line Whig, and supported the Bell and Everett ticket in the presidential campaign of 1860. On the issue of secession, he maintained the fundamental principles of his old party, up holding the Union often under circumstances involving the danger of his life, and supported the Union all through the War of Secession. In 1865, he was sent without opposition to the State convention, and in 1867 represented DeKalb County in the constitutional conven tion. After the war ended in 1865, he became a member of the Republican party. Last resi dence: DeKalb County. COLLINS, CHARLES W., merchant, was born, July 1, 1830, in Stafford County, Va., son of Joseph Todd and Susan (Wood) Collins, natives of Caroline County, Va., the former a planter, descended from an old Virginia family of Irish origin, the latter of English ancestry. He received a fair literary education, after which he learned the carriage-maker's trade. He worked but a short time at that trade, and in the winter of 1851-1852, left Virginia, and came to Alabama where he joined his uncle, John Collins, who had settled in the cane brake region of Marengo, now Hale County, in 1836. He farmed with his uncle until the death of the latter in 1867, when Mr. Collins became a legatee for a large portion of the estate. He became a prosperous farmer and merchant in Hale County. Before the War of Secession, he was an old line Whig; after that time he voted the Democratic ticket. He was a Baptist. Married: (1) in 1855, Cary T. Col lins, of Virginia, who died in 1865; (2) in 1867, Louisa Collins, of Virginia, who died in 1872; (3) in 1874, Hattie E. Allen, daughter 382 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY of Rev. W. L. Allen, of Virginia. He had three children by his first marriage; two by bis second; and five by the third. One of his sons, Charles Wallace, B. S., 1899, was a law yer at Birmingham, 1901-1904, when he became assistant state secretary of the Y. M. C. A. in Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana, and now is educational director of the Y. M. C. A. at Birmingham. Last residence: Hale County. COLLINS, CHARLES WALLACE, lawyer and author, was born April 4, 1879, at Gallion, Hale County; son of Robert Wood and Anne Bates (Allen) Collins, the former a native of Caroline County, Va., moving, at the close of the War of Secession, to Hale County, was a cotton planter; grandson of Joseph Todd and Susan (Wood) Collins, of Caroline County, and of Littleberry Woodson and Anne (Martin) Al len, of Caroline County, Va. He was educated in a private school at Gallion; attended Ala bama polytechnic institute, Auburn, graduating with distinction and receiving the B. S. degree, 1899, and the University of Chicago, pursuing historical studies, receiving honorable mention and A. B., 1907, also M. A., 1909; read law in the office of his uncle, Basil Manly Allen, Bir mingham; admitted to the bar, by State ex amination, 1901; did post-graduate work in constitutional law at Harvard university 1910- 11; practiced law in Birmingham for four years; engaged in research in economics and constitutional law in the Library of Congress, 1913. He is a Democrat; a Roman Catholic; a member of the Knights of Columbus; the Alpha Tau Omega college fraternity, and of the University club and Southern society, Washington, D. C. He is the author of "The Fourteenth amendment and the States — a Study of the operation of the restraint clauses of section one of the fourteenth amendment to the constitution of the United States," 1912; is writer for leading legal and academic jour nals. Unmarried. Residence: Washington, D. C. COLLINS, ELISHA, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Greene County; private Virginia Militia; enrolled on December 18, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $30; sums received to date of publication of list, $90. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. COLLINS, ELY, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 76, and a resident of Lime stone County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on February 23, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $40; sums received to date of publication of list, $100. — Revolution- ary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. ^ COLLINS, GEORGE MONROE, farmer, lum berman, and legislator, was born August 17, 1875, at Randolph, Chilton County; son of James Thomas and Rhoda Louisa (Woolley) Collins; grandson of Thomas and Sarah (Rasp berry) Collins, and of George M. and Euna (Palmer) Woolley, the former of Lawley, the latter of Randolph. Both of Mr. Collins' grand fathers served in the C. S. Army. He was edu cated in the common and high schools of Ran dolph and Jemison. He is a lumberman and farmer; was a councilman at Gordo, 1908 to 1914; has been a member of the county board of education of Pickens County since 1917; and was a member of the house of representatives from that county, 1919. He is a Democrat; Baptist; and a Mason. Married: June 11, 1907, at Gordo, to Cornelia E., daughter of Columbus and Ophelia Shirley. Children: 1. George Mal lory; 2. Robert Hilliard; 3. James Columbus; 4. Thomas Marshall; 5. Charles Morgan. Resi dence: Carrollton. COLLINS, ROBERT EMMETT, merchant, was born September 18, 1864, at Quitman, Clarke County, Miss., and died March 10, 1913; son of Osborne Baldwin and Sarah (Stainback) Collins, who lived at Quitman, Miss., and moved to Birmingham, about 1887, the former a native of Hernando, Miss., a lawyer and politician; grandson of Jareth Collins who lived at Athens, and of Peter Stainback, who married a Miss Moore, and lived at Petersburg, Va. He was a wholesale merchant in 1887; was a Democrat, a steward in the Methodist church, a Shriner, a Maccabee, and an Elk. Married: April 25, 1893, at Okolona, Miss., to Minnie Beaty, daugh ter of Dr. Thomas Monroe and Sara Helen (Gates) Beaty, of Houston, Miss.; granddaugh ter of Col. Robert Beaty, of Union, S. O; and a descendant of Sir Thomas Gates who came to America in 1610, and was at one time gover nor of Virginia. After her husband's death, Mrs. Collins resided in Birmingham. Children: 1. Robert Emmett; 2. Sara Helen. COLQUITT, ALFRED BETHEA, public of ficial, was born March 21, 1848, at Monticello, Pike County; son of Dr. William Bethea and Mary (Miles) Colquitt, natives of Marion Court House, S. C, who were married at that place, moved to Alabama, and lived successively at Monticello, Coffee County, Elba, 1858-1864, a plantation near Brundidge until 1867, and Bul lock, where they both died, the former, or phaned when quite young, was reared and edu cated by his uncle, Dr. Alfred Bethea, became a physician of the old school and a ruling elder in the Presbyterian church, the latter a daughter of an Irishman, one of the lead ing citizens of Marion County, S. C; grandson of Alfred Colquitt, a Scotchman, who landed at Charleston, S. C, became a prominent slave owner and planter in Marion County, S. C; married a Miss Bethea, of South Carolina, and founded this branch of the Colquitt family in America. He received his early schooling from private instructors at Elba, and entered the C. S. Army in 1863, being fifteen years old and weighing seventy pounds at the time. He volunteered as a private in Co. H, Fifty-third Alabama cavalry, Col. Hannon commanding. He was soon after promoted to a place on the staff of Col. Hannon, and remained there until the close of the war. After peace was estab lished, Mr. Colquitt entered the general mer- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 383 chandise store conduoted by his brother at Bullock. He moved, in 1876, to his farm in Montgomery County, which he has since oper ated successfully. In 1900, he moved to Mont gomery in order to educate his children, but continued to operate his farm. In November, 1902, he was appointed deputy United States marshal for the middle district of Alabama. He is a Democrat, a Methodist Episcopalian, and a Mason. Married: April 19, 1877, Mat- tie Key Shackelford, daughter of Frank and Amelia Jane (Watts) Shackelford, of Mont gomery County. The Shackelfords were among the first settlers of the county. The Watts family came from Georgia. Children: 1. Kate; 2. Ethel, m. Mr. Martin, a railroad man of Montgomery; 3. Blanche, m. J. D. Boyd, a farmer of Montgomery County; 4. Jennie; 5. Wiley; 6. Helen; 7. Lois. Residence: Mont gomery. COLSTON, ELECTRA SEMMES, educator and writer. Residence: Mobile. COLTART, SAMUEL, pioneer, came to Amer ica from Gate House upon Fleet, Scotland, and spent his life in Huntsville, where he died in 1873. He was one of the founders and earliest settlers of Huntsville. He was a devout Pres byterian and is commemorated by a marble tablet in the church at Huntsville. He was a Mason; was married; and had a family of several children, all of whom are dead. One of his two sons, Col. John Gordon Coltart, served in the C. S. Army as captain of the Madi son Rifles, Seventh Alabama infantry regi ment, and later as colonel of the Fiftieth Ala bama regiment. He was in the army through out the war, and was sheriff of Madison County at the time of his death in 1869. The other son, Robert Wilson Coltart, was Confederate States marshal for the northern district of Alabama during the War of Secession, and after that time served as mayor of the city of Hunts ville for several terms. He died in 1879. Henry G. Coltart, of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company, Memphis, Tenn., is a grand- nephew of Samuel Coltart. Last residence: Huntsville. COLVIN, JAMES PICKETT, physician, was born March 20, 1863, at Greenville; son of Col. C. H. and Olive (Pickett) Colvin, the former colonel of the Sixth Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army; grandson of Alexander and Mary Jane (Goss) Colvin of North Carolina; and of Fred erick and Martha (Farrion) Pickett, of Pike County. He was fitted for college by private tutors; spent two years in the University of Alabama, medical department; graduated in medicine from the Kentucky school of medicine, 1891; began practice at Fitzpatrick, 1895, and later located in Birmingham; removed to Lin coln, Talladega County, 1897. He is a member of the Alabama State and the Talladega County medical societies; a Knight of Pythias; an Odd Fellow and an Episcopalian. Married: in 1892, to Ada, daughter of Capt. Charles M. and Mary (Hobby) McRae, of Barbour County, the former a Confederate officer. Children: 1. Charles Henry; 2. Augustus Wilson; 3. John. Residence: Lincoln. COMAN, JOSHUA PROUT, physician and public official, was born April 4, 1812, at Wades boro, N. C, and died December 2, 1885, at Athens; son of Capt. Robert and Jane Wade (Prout) Coman, the former a native of Ire land, born August 15, 1776, in the County of Antrim, the latter born September 26, 1773, at Mt. Pleasant, Anson County, N. O; grand son of Dr. Joshua and Sarah (Wade) Prout, the former a New Englander who came to South Carolina; great-grandson of Thomas Wade, of Anson County, N. C, who was colonel of the minute men of the Salisbury District, N. C, in 1775, member of the first and later provincial congresses, and for whom the town of Wadesboro, N. C, was named. His father came to America in 1800, and was married February 4, 1804, in Charleston, S. C. He was engaged for a few years in shipbuilding at that place, and later in real estate business in Raleigh, N. C. In 1814, the Prouts and Comans moved to Huntsville, Ala., then part of Mis sissippi Territory, where Dr. Prout and Capt. Coman engaged in the real estate business. Several houses which they built are still stand ing, among them Dr. Prout's home, a tall brick building on the turnpike one mile west of Huntsville. Dr. Coman's mother died there, January 1, 1816, and his father, September 23, 1819. His older brothers and sisters were sent to a paternal uncle, James Coman, at Raleigh, N. C, to be educated, but he, being but four years old at the time, was left to the care of two maternal aunts. He attended the "Six teenth Section School," and later was enrolled as a medical student at Transylvania Univer sity, Lexington, Ky., where he was graduated, M. D. He began to practice medicine at Athens^ Limestone County, 1829, and devoted the best years of his life to that profession. He repre sented Limestone County in the State legisla ture, in 1835 and 1837, and was a delegate to the constitutional conventions of 1861 and 1865 from the county. He was also a member of the State senate for four years. After the War of Secession he was judge of the probate court of Limestone County, and during the last years of his life was very much interested in the Prohibition movement. Married: August 26, 1835, at Poplar Mount, Limestone County, Jane Heland Lindley, an accomplished musician of her day, daughter of Rev. Jacob Lindley, D. D., the first presi dent of the Ohio University. Of the five chil dren born to them, only two reached maturity: 1. James Lindley, attorney-at-law, b. July 14, 1836, m. April 18, 1860, Frances Jane Malone, d. July 2, 1876, children, 1. Louise Emmet, m. W. W. Beck, Seattle, Wash.; 2. Broussais, m. Boyd Baker, Guntersville; 3. James Lind ley, Seattle, Wash.; 4. Frances Fawn, m. H. H. Clayton, Milton, Mass.; 5. Robert Brickell, Seattle, Wash.: 2. Louise, d., m. William Mason, child, Louise Ola, m. S. B. Spickard, Jackson, Miss. Last residence: Athens. COMECYS, EDWARD FREEMAN, merchant and banker, was born April 13, 1797, in Kent County, Md., and died at Courtland, Lawrence County, January 10, 1875. He was for several. 384 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY years cashier of the old State bank of Ala bama; was a merchant at Tuscaloosa for many years, and built the third brick house in that town. Married: in 1834, at Tuscaloosa, to Susan Brown (Fitts) Ripley, daughter of Judge Oliver and Sarah (Harris) Fitts (q. v.), and widow of Daniel B. Ripley. Children: 1. William Crawford, studied at the University of Alabama, 1851-53; private in the Third Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, 1861-65, and died from disease contracted while in the service; 2. Edward Freeman, jr., gradu ated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1859, was captain of Co. E, 43rd Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; one of the regents of the University, 1870-72; moved to Gainesville, Tex., and was superintendent of schools, 1891; m. July 15, 1868, at Court- land, to Susan Harris, and had six children. Last residence: Courtland. COMER, BRAXTON BRAGG, planter, mer chant, banker, manufacturer, president Alabama railroad commission, governor and United States senator, was born November 7, 1848, at old Spring Hill, Barbour County; son of John Fletcher and Catherine (Drewry) Comer, of Jones County, Ga., the former Judge of the Superior Court of that State, removing in 1837 to Alabama, settling on a plantation in Barbour County, on which his brother, who had pre ceded him, had cleared the land and built a water, saw and grist mill which his father later converted into an extensive steam saw, corn and flour mill, the first of that type in the section, in 1853-54, represented Barbour County in the State Legislature, and died at the early age of forty-seven; grandson of Hugh Moss Comer, a native Virginian, who early in the nineteenth century removed to Jones County, Ga., where he established a plantation and where he reared his family, and of John and Elizabeth (Wallace) Drewry also of Jones County, Ga., who later removed to Spring Hill, Barbour County. The Comers are of English and Irish stock, early seated in Vir ginia. The first Comer ancestor to locate near Petersburg in the old Dominion was a Crom- wellian. It is an interesting co-incidence that the Comer family is related to Clement Comer Clay, also a native Virginian, who was Gov ernor of Alabama 1835-37, and also U. S. Senator to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of John McKinley, serving from 1837-41, when he resigned. Governor Comer was the fourth of six brothers and the study of their lives forms one of the most interesting family de velopments in the State, several of them being remarkable successes. Senator Comer spent his childhood and boyhood in the healthy environment of his father's plantation home and at eight years of age began his school life. His teacher for six years was Prof. E. N. Brown, a noted pedagogue, afterwards State senator from Russell County. He attended the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, in the winter of 1864 and the spring of '65. His college career there was cut short by the burning of the University by Gen. John T. Croxton, of the Union Army. When the young cadet watched with awe those magnificent buildings consumed by worse than incendiary flames, he little thought in the years to come, as Governor of the State, it should be his privilege to direct from State funds the re building of much of the destroyed plant and that in recognition of his great service to the cause of education and the restoration of the University, his name should be given to one of the group of new buildings, and that "Comer Hall" should be a permanent monument to him. Following the destruction of the Univer sity buildings the students were disbanded at Marion, and Cadet Comer walked from that place to his Barbour County home where he spent a year upon the farm. He then entered the University of Georgia but was compelled to leave on account of ill health. January 1, 1868, he entered Emory and Henry College, Virginia, where he graduated in 1869 with the A. B. and A. M. degrees, winning a medal for special proficiency in natural science. He therefore enjoys the unique distinction of be ing an alumnus of three institutions, although only a graduate of one. After his term as Governor, the Southern university at Greens boro, recognizing the great work accomplished by him in the State, conferred upon him the LL. D. degree. After completing his educa tion Senator Comer returned to Spring Hill and to the task and problems of plantation management under the new and trying condi tions incident to the reconstruction period. After his marriage in 1872, he removed to Comer Station, on the Montgomery and Eufaula rail road, where he developed one of the largest farming and country store interests in the State. Governor Comer was a member of the Commissioners Court of Barbour County, serv ing from 1874 to 1878. In 1885, he removed to Anniston, where under the firm name of Comer and Trapp (S. B.), he conducted a wholesale grocery and commission business. Five years later he moved to Birmingham where he has since continuously resided. At first he was president of the City national bank and of the Birmingham corn and flour mills; later he liquidated the bank and devoted his time to the manufacture of cotton, farming and corn milling. Through his own experi ence as merchant-planter-manufacturer-ship per, he realized the need for remedial railroad legislation. Succeeding in unifying shippers of a like conviction, he began an agitation that resulted in his election to the presidency of the Railroad commission in 1904, defeating Hon. John V. Smith, encumbent. Two years later, believing that with larger powers he could realize his convictions he entered the race for the governorship of the State upon the main issue of railroad regulation. In the Demo cratic primaries, August 27, 1906, he defeated Lieutenant Governor Russell M. Cunningham for the nomination and on November 6th, was elected governor. Governor Comer's induction into office was accomplished with brilliant military and civic ceremonies, said at the time to have been the most elaborate and impressive since the War of Secession, rivalling the historic parade forty- JUDGE JOHN C. PUGH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 387 six years earlier when Jefferson Davis was in augurated on the same spot as president oMhe Confederate States of America. He entered upon his administration with a legislature in full sympathy, and fully committed to stand by his leadership. In his first official message to that body he made it clearly understood that the mandates embraced in the platform adopted by the Democratic convention of September 10, 1906, and all pre-election pledges made by him and by the legislators, were to be scrupulously kept and enacted into law. With broad vision and the experience of large affairs, he put the law making body on notice that a liberal policy was to be maintained towards the educational and eleemosynary institutions and the other responsibilities of the State, a policy which hap pily carried out, caused his name to be written in the annals of Alabama as the great "educa tional governor." Having had as his principal campaign slogan "railroad rate regulation," his first concern as governor was to call the at tention of the new law making body to that subject. His message declared that the trans portation charges and methods of our railroads, rivers, express, telegraph, telephone and other public service corporations were crude; that where the interests of the masses and the cor porations clashed that it became the duty of the State to adjudicate the differences and to estab lish for the future guidance of both, equitable laws that could not be misunderstood. He declared that the interests of the producers and the consumers needed to be more firmly safeguarded against the corporate interests, that the "debauching lobby" maintained by the railroads and operating in the very halls of legislation must be controlled and that the sovereignty of the State should not be subordi nated to public service corporations whose idea of freight and passenger tariff tax was "lim ited to what the traffic will stand." He further recommended that the Alabama railroad com mission should be given adequate power and means to make investigations concerning the rules of railroads, their charges and methods of doing business, to restrict charges and es tablish rules that would be fair to the railroads and to their patrons. He based his convictions of unfairness to Alabama shippers on compari sons with treatment accorded shippers in Geor gia, North Carolina and Virginia and gave economic reasons why Alabama should be equally favored. He also stressed the advan tages of competitive water-rates and stated that that advantage to shippers was throttled by railroad contrivance; that the public eventually paid to the railroads the interest on both legiti mate and specious securities; that the demur rage rules were one sided and discriminatory against the shipper; that the principle of re bates was wrong and should be prohibited by law; that discrimination should be prohibited between shippers of carload lots, and also against shippers of less than carload lots; that the books of common carriers in the State should be subject to inspection of the railroad commission or other proper authority, and their agents submitted to examination under oath for the purpose of determining the amount of capi tal invested; that claims against common car riers should be promptly adjudicated and set tled, and that the policy of delay practiced by them through carrying such claims from court to court with the purpose of wearing out and making the cost prohibitive to the claimants, should be discontinued, and that one set of valuations and not three as then practiced by common carriers, be established. He said that the carriers previously had given the State Auditor a valuation on which they should pay taxes for the benefit of the State; had given the railroad commission another and much higher valuation as a basis for high traffic rates in order to realize eight per cent interest for the Corporation on this claimed investment, and a third for the information of the com panies themselves. Governor Comer called a special session of the legislature to meet No vember 7, 1907 to enact legislation neeessary to carry out the above policies. In 1911, at the end of his four years as governor, he was able to report to the legislature assembled that during his administration railroad laws were enacted regulating the charges and providing penalties; fixing the principals for tax values for railroad, telegraph and express companies, so that they should be taxed on the same prin ciple as other property; an anti-pass law pro hibiting the giving of passes except to bona fide employees of the railroads; increasing the power of the railroad commission enabling that body to prevent unjust charges by the railroads of the State and also to secure for all patrons of the railroads, fair and just treatment; the classification of railroad rates, establishing by law rates as a minimum which could not be changed to a higher rate except by order of the railroad commission or the legislature; reducing passenger fares from three to two and one-half cents per mile and reducing the freight rates on 110 articles of common production, consump tion and use, and putting them on the same practical basis as had been for many years the rate on the same articles on the same class of railroads in Georgia and many other States. In order to act with business like procedure in approving or disapproving legislation carrying appropriations Governor Comer caused to be made an estimate of the State's then present income from taxation and increased the tax income by enacting a franchise tax and by es tablishing a State board of assessors, giving them general supervision of the tax assess ments of the State and whose special duty should be to equalize the values of all property in the State, that the railroad properties and properties of other public service corporations should be taxed at a valuation in exact pro portion to the valuation of other property of the State and that that value should be based on the valuation fixed by them in the making of their rates and charges on the people of the State and that all properties should be assessed at 60 per cent of their so ascertained value. Bas ing the expenditures of the State upon an esti mated increase from taxation from these Bources, Governor Comer encouraged liberal ap propriations commensurate with the expected resources of the treasury and the needs of the educational system, including common schools, 388 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and the institutions of higher learning, and that for both races. Large sums were appropriated for the improvement of old buildings or the erection of new ones at the university, at Au burn, Montevallo, the nine agricultural schools, the Normal schools, and the State supported institutions of an eleemosynary character. Ap propriations were made to aid in the building of rural school houses. Necessary increases were made to the maintenance funds of all State institutions. County high schools were estab lished. Possibly no one of the many important things accomplished in his administration had more far reaching result? than the founding of the county high schools. The Alabama boys industrial school, passed from benevolent to State control and responsibility. The curri culum of the entire educational system was raised and the State placed in the forefront of its sisters. Beginning with the common schools the establishment of the County high schools, the recreating and reindividualizing of the nine agricultural schools, the State normal schools, the Girl's technical institute at Monte vallo, the Polytechnic institute at Auburn, the university, all bear splendid evidence of the new impulse given to the educational system of the State in Governor Comer's administration. In recognition of his services to education, both the university and the Alabama polytechnic institute named their handsome new buildings in his honor. When the "watch-dogs" of the treasury protested against the amazing increase in appropriations for education, the "educa tional governor" remained undisturbed and de clared that he was considering future citizen ship as well as contemporary tax payers; that with more training in how to think and how to work, posterity would have a proportionately greater earning capacity and he would rest his case with posterity who would help pay the debt. During his first candidacy for governor, he stood with the leaders of the prohibition movement, whose efforts were being directed towards local or county option. The greater part of the State had already adopted prohibi tion and during his administration the State wide prohibition law was enacted. In 1907 upon the death of Senator Morgan and the ratification by the legislature of the primary choice of Hon. John H. Bankhead as his successor, Governor Comer signed the new incumbent's commission to the high post of United States Senator. Thirteen years later, upon the death of Senator Bankhead, Governor Comer was appointed, March 5, 1920, by Gov. Thomas E. Kilby, to fill that office pending the party primaries of the spring and fall elections. While his service as Senator covered only eight months, he was alive to the interests of his con stituents and by his vigorous personality im pressed himself upon his colleagues in that august body. Upon the day following his ap pointment as senator the statesman suffered the loss by death of his devoted wife and com panion of forty-eight years. Owing to this be reavement and respect for the wishes of his wife that he not subject himself again to the hard ships of political campaign and controversies, he declined to be a candidate for the unexpired term of five years. Senator Comer was among the first Alabama cotton planters to manufacture that staple on a large scale within the State. He is president and treasurer of the Avondale mills of Birming ham, which also own and operate the Eva Jane, the Central, the Sally B. and the Cath erine Mills at Sylacauga; the Alexander City cotton mills; the Sycamore mills, and the Pell City manufacturing company, constituting one of the largest cotton milling interests in the State. During the early period of his experience as a cotton mill operator the labor was drawn from native country families, who coming from remote hillside farms, were as entire families frequently illiterate and formed an unskilled and cheap class of labor. These same families placed within reach of schools and the awak ening influence of community life, rapidly ad vanced in efficiency and usefulness and enjoyed a steadily increasing wage and better living con ditions. In Gov. Comer's administration a child labor law was passed restricting the age limit in the mills to not under 12 years and also a compulsory educational law requiring mill chil dren under sixteen years to attend school at least eight consecutive weeks during the school term. This law has since been changed by the State making the age limit in the mills not under 14 years. The mills managed by Gover nor Comer all show the widest provision for the physical comfort, and health, education and high living conditions of all employees, and also through the State there has been as an effect of the educational policies adopted by him, a dis tinct progress in the citizenship of the State, and the great success of his administration is easily distinguished by the beginning of this era of progress. In all of his life he has had the wonderful help not only of his wife but of his large family. He is a Methodist and a Mason. Married: October 1, 1872, at Cuthbert, Ga., to Eva Jane, daughter of John W. and Sally (Bailey) Harris, one of the prominent families of Cuthbert, Randolph County, Ga. Children: 1. Sally Bailey, m. (1) James Blount, Macon, Ga., (2) F. H. Lathrop, Birmingham; 2. John Fletcher, m. Helen Browne of Washington, D. C, now living at Alexander City, Ala.; 3. J. McDonald, m. Gertrude Miller of Reading, Pa., now living at Birmingham; 4. Eva Mignon, m. J. Craig Smith, Selma; 5. Catherine, m. W. M. Buck, Port Dover, Ontario; 6. Braxton Bevelle, m. Dr. F. E. Nabers, Birmingham; 7. Eva, m. (1) E. D. Fraser, Toronto, Canada, (2) Herbert C. Ryding, Birmingham; 8. Braxton Bragg, jr., m. Brownie Johnson, of Laurel, Md., now living at Sylacauga; 9. Hugh M., unmarried. Resi dence: Birmingham. COMER, GEORGE LEGARE, lawyer, was born January 1, 1847, at Old Spring Hill, Bar bour County; son of John Fletcher and Cath erine Lucinda (Drewry) Comer, the former a native of Clinton, Jones County, Ga., who moved from Jones County, Ga., to Alabama in 1841, settling at Old Spring Hill, where he died in 1858, was a member of the State senate from Barbour County, 1856; grandson of Hugh and Annie (Tripp) Comer, who lived at Clin ton, Ga., the former a soldier in the Revolu tion, and of John and Elizabeth Drewry, of DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 389 Clinton, Ga. He received his preparatory training at field schools at Old Spring Hill, and in Polk County; and was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1865, from the University of Georgia, A. B., 1867, and from the law department of Transylvania University, Lexington, Ky., LL. B., 1869. He was admitted to the bar at Eufaula, May, 1869, and at once entered upon the practice of his profession at that place, a practice which he has continued since that time. For ten years he was alone in the practice, but in 1874 became associated with John M. McKleroy, in a partnership which lasted until 1884. He was elected mayor of Eufaula in 1882, and was re-elected for twelve successive years; was lieutenant-colonel of the Second Regiment, Alabama national guard, 1887-1890; and a trustee of the Union Female College, at Eufaula. He has been division counsel for the Central of Georgia Railway Company; vice-president of the Bank of Eu faula; a director of the Eufaula Cotton Mills; owner and proprietor of the New St. Julien hotel; and has an interest in the Bluff City Mills. He is a Democrat; has been a deacon in the Baptist church for more than fifteen years, and was president of the Alabama Bap tist State convention for two years; is a Master Mason, an Odd Fellow, a Knight of Pythias, an Elk, a Knight of Honor, and a member of the National Union. Married: June 23, 1870, at Eufaula, Laura Virginia Thornton, daughter of Dr. William Horatio and Mary Butler (Shorter) Thornton, of Eufaula; grand daughter of Col. Reuben and Mary (Gill) Shorter; niece of Gov. Shorter. Children: 1. William Thornton, b. July 15, 1871, was gradu ated, A. B., University of Alabama, cashier, English & American Loan & Trust Company, m. June 20, 1901, at Atlanta, Ga., Lillie Lons dale Brockett, Atlanta, Ga.; 2. Laurie, m. Frank Wilkins Jennings, Eufaula; 3. John Wallace, m. Sadie Comer, Anniston; 4. George Legare, jr., m. Glennie Comer, Oak Hill, Fla.; 5. Ed ward Tripp, m. Catherine Comer, Eufaula; 6. Nell, d. July 17, 1909, at Eufaula; 7. Walter Bacon, d. May 15, 1892, at Eufaula; 8. Mary, Eufaula; 9. Robert Cyril, Oak Hill, Fla.; 10. James Drewry, Eufaula. Residence, Eufaula. f COMPERE, LEE, clergyman and missionary, was born in Leicestershire, England, Novem ber 3, 1790; and died in Corsicana, Tex., June 15, 1871. He was of Huguenot descent. The names of his parents are not available. They both died during the boyhood of their son, who was thenceforth reared by an elder sister. In early life, while a merchant's clerk, he joined a Baptist church, then studied for the ministry, was ordained at the age of nineteen, and at once entered upon active work as a minister. In 1816 he was sent by Rev. Shenstone's church as a missionary to Jamaica. After a year's resi dence on this island, on account of its sickly climate, he and his wife emigrated to South Carolina. On the voyage thither, their first born, an eighteen months' old daughter, died and was buried at sea. Mr. Compere served several churches during his four years' resi dence in South Carolina and then moved to Georgia, where he soon became well and favor ably known among his Baptist brethren. In 1822 he received the appointment, by the board of managers of three co-operating Geor gia Baptist associations, of superintendent of a mission among the Creek Indians. This mis sion was established at Tuckabatchee, on a site obtained from the Creeks. Mr. Compere was superintendent of the mission from 1823 to 1829. The Creek chiefs were generally favor able to the mission in the secular education given to their children by Mr. Compere and his assistants, as they saw the practical bene fits of such training, but while very friendly to Mr. Compere they were averse to his preach ing. They threw every obstacle in the way of his religious work and this opposition was so great by 1829 that the mission was discon tinued. This discontinuance was besides un avoidable from the action of the Georgia Bap tists, who withdrew their support of the mis sion on account of Mr. Compere's siding with the majority of the Creek chiefs and headmen against the validity of the treaty of Indian Springs, February 12, 1825, a treaty declared null and void by the United States Government at the treaty of January 24, 1826. While he thus aroused the opposition of the Georgia Baptists, who, it seems, were not averse to their state's acquiring the Creek lands in Georgia by means of a fraudulent treaty, Mr. Compere's course of action met with the em phatic approval of John C. Calhoun, President Monroe's secretary of war. In 1828, in addition to a small church estab lished at Tuckabatchee, Mr. Compere estab lished Reheboth church in Montgomery County. In 1829, after the discontinuance of the Tucka batchee mission, he bought a farm in Mont gomery County, which was his home as long as he lived in Alabama. In this same year he presided over the Alabama Baptist State con vention, and preached the annual sermon. In the fall, he founded the First Baptist church of Montgomery and was its pastor for four years. About the beginning of 1834, with inherited means he purchased a plantation in Yazoo and a farm in Carroll County, Miss. In the absence of records it is not possible to give his various places of residence in Mississippi, in all of which he served churches and preached the word in season and out of season. In 1848 while living in Itawamba County, Miss., he suffered heavy pecuniary losses, by which he became a poor man. The next year he moved to Noxubee County and served churches in its bounds and also in Oktibbeha County. In 1858 he preached the introductory sermon before the Columbus Baptist association. About the beginning of the war, he went with his son, Thomas, and others of his fam- ily to Dardanelle, Ark. Here it was his lot to suffer greatly from Federal ruffianism. He was robbed five times, even his wearing apparel being taken from him. On the last occasion, he was forced from his sick bed by the ruffians with pistols in their hands, driven about the house, and threatened with death if he dared to speak. Though a remarkably fearless man, he bore all this with Christian meekness, and 390 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY was never known to speak harshly of these inhuman wretches. Escaping to a place of refuge from the lines of the enemy, all his property was destroyed by them, his precious library, his papers, his memoranda and all the relies of his past life. Much of Southern secu lar and religious history was irretrievably lost by this act of Federal vandalism. In 1866, he moved to Lamar County, Tex., and lived with a married daughter. In 1869 he went to Cor- sicana, and until his death made his home with his son, Thomas, thus closing a life of sixty-two years in the Christian ministry. Apart from the manuscripts of Mr. Compere destroyed by the Federals at Dardanelle, he was the author of a history of the Creek In dians, in which he had incorporated much of their traditional history as given by their chiefs. The fate of this manuscript is un known. Mr. Compere was under the impres sion that he had lent it to Col. T. L. McKenney, who failed to return it. Mr. Compere composed a number of hymns in the Muscogee tongue which are no longer extant. His only surviv ing literary Muscogee remains are a copious vocabulary, over a hundred select sentences, and some notes on the Muscogee grammar, which he presented to Albert Gallatin in 1829, and which in 1836 were published in the "Transactions of the American Antiquarian Society," vol. 2. He was thus a pioneer in Creek philology, a forerunner of such noted later philologists as the Rev. H. F. Buckner, Mrs. A. E. W. Robertson and Dr. R. M. Lough- ridge. Married: (lT*"in 1815, Susanna Voysey, a highly educated London lady, who is described as "a very extraordinary woman of great worth and strength of character." She died in Sep tember, 1834, in Yazoo County, Miss.; (2) in 1836, Sarah Jane Beck. Children, by first wife: 1. Infant buried at sea; 2. Frances, b. in Sumter District, S. C, m. the Rev. S. S. Lattimore; 3. Elizabeth, in Sumter District, S. C; 4. Mary Jane, in Chilton, Ga., probably in 1821; 5. Thomas Hickigee, in Tuckabatchee, Creek Na tion; 6. Susanna Muscogee, in Tuckabatchee, Creek Nation, m. Rev. Matthew Lyon (these Indian names were given to these two chil dren by the Creek chiefs, an evidence of Mr. Compere's popularity with the Indians) ; 7. William; 8. John; 9. Ebenezer L., all three of the latter born in Montgomery County; by second wife: 10. a daughter, who died in in fancy; 11. Sarah Catherine, April 7, 1840, m. Prof. John Newberry, at whose house Mrs. Compere died several years after the death of her husband. Last residence: Corsicana, Tex. COMPTON, JORDAN CHAPPELL, lawyer, was born in Jackson, Butts County, Ga.; son of Pleasant M. and Lydia R. (Devereaux) Compton, the former a representative in the Georgia legislature from Butts County, and for ten years surveyor general of the state, died March 19, 1890, in his eightieth year, at Milledgeville, Ga., the latter a descendant of the Harrison family of Virginia; grandson of Jordon and Susan (Chappell) Compton, the former of Dinwiddie County, Va., who settled in 1807 at Monticello, Ga., and in the War of 1812, commanded a company of horse on the coast of Georgia, near Darien; great grand son of John and Anne (Cross) Compton, of Dinwiddie County, Va., and of Philip and Sarah (Dickie) Chappell, of Halifax County, Va. The Comptons came from England. Three brothers, loyalists, fled to this country after the beheading of Charles I, and settled in Maryland, two of them later moving to Vir ginia. Mr. Compton was educated at Ogle thorpe University, Georgia, and at the Mathe matical and Classical School of Benjamin Hal- lowell & Sons, in Alexandria, Va., the cele brated Quaker school, and one of the best known schools in the United States at that time. While engaged in the study of law he enlisted as a private in Co. H, Fourth regi ment, Georgia volunteers; served with that command until 1862, when he was attached to the staff of Maj.-Gen. Henry Heth, and served in Gen. Bragg's Kentucky campaign. In Janu ary, 1863, he was commissioned lieutenant of artillery and ordnance and assigned to duty at Vicksburg where he was in charge of the ord nance depot. He was with Gen. Johnston's army at Meridian, Miss.; was second officer in command at the Selma arsenal under Col. James L. White; and surrendered at Meridian, Miss., in 1865. He was admitted to the bar of Alabama by the supreme court, June, 1869, and has practiced law at Selma since that time. In 1886, he was nominated by acclamation and elected without opposition state senator, and served as chairman of the committee on local legislation, was a member of the judiciary com mittee and later chairman of that committee; was re-elected to the senate in 1890, serving through the session of 1890-1891 as chairman of the judiciary committee and in the session of 1891-1892, being unanimously elected presi dent of the State senate. He is a Democrat and has served as chairman of county and con gressional committees in notable camgaigns. In 1884, he was a delegate from the fourth congressional district of Alabama to the na tional- Democratic convention at Chicago which nominated President Cleveland. Married: 1865, in Selma, Ada Norris, daughter of William J. Norris, president of the Commercial Bank of Selma. Children: 1. William Norris, b. March 16, 1868, insurance agent, A. B., University of Alabama, was with the census department at Washington, D. C, 1900-1901, manager of the credit department of George T. Keen, clothing manufacturer, Washington, D. C. Residence: Selma. COMPTON, LOULIE, teacher, was born in Davidson County, Tenn., and died June 30, 1912; daughter of Felix and Emily Green (Webster) Compton, the former a native of Davidson County, and a resident of Nashville; granddaughter of William and Susanna (Mul len) Compton, the former a pioneer settler of Nashville, an officer, under command of Gen eral Andrew Jackson, in the War of 1812, and whose ancestors came from England and set tled at Culpeper Court House, Va., and of Jonathan Green and Emily (Gant) Webster, of Maury County, Tenn. After the War of Se cession, Loulie Compton was educated by DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 391 George Blackie, Ph. D., D. D., and Miss Fannie O'Bryan. She was a teacher by profession, teaching, in 1886, at Sherman, Texas; from 1887 to 1895 at Waco, Texas; later head of the English department at Ward's seminary, Nash ville; in September 1897, she together with Miss Hattie Morton founded Birmingham (Ala bama) seminary, which, since her death, has been named "Loulie Compton seminary." She was a Presbyterian. Last residence: Birming ham. CONNER, DAVID, member of the constitu tional convention of 1819, from St. Clair County. CONNOLLY, WILLIAM E., pioneer teacher in Russell County; member of the State legis lature from that county, 1865. Last residence: Hubbard City, Tex. CONOLEY, JOHN FRANCIS, lawyer, was born May 6, 1811, in Robeson County, N. C, and died February 18, 1883, at Selma; son of Daniel and Anna (Campbell) Conoley, natives of Scotland, of "the Isles of Ha and of Jura, respectively, who came to America between 1795 and 1800 and landed at Wilmington, N. C, settling with several other Scotch families on farms in Robeson County, not far from Fay etteville, N. C, where they lived the remainder of their lives. He received a country school education, and began to work early in life. He went to Albama in 1833, and located in Selma, where formed a copartnership with William Waddell, jr., in a mercantile firm under the name, John F. Conoley & Company. In 1836 when the Creek Indians commenced depredations upon the white settlers in the Greek Nation, and troops were called for, he organized a volunteer company, the Dallas Rangers, of which he was elected captain, and reported to the commanding officers at Tus kegee, ready for service. He was elected sheriff of Dallas County in 1843, and on re tiring from that office in 1847, was admitted to the bar of Dallas County. He opened a law office in Selma, during that year, and practiced there for many years. When Alabama seceded from the Union, he visited different sections of the state and organized many military com panies. The Fourth battalion of Alabama troops was organized from companies raised by Col. Conoley, and in November, 1861, he was elected lieutenant-colonel of the battalion, and confirmed in the appointment by President Davis, November 6, 1861. By addition to the Fourth battalion of other companies raised by Col. Conoley's influence, the Twenty-ninth reg iment of Alabama was formed, and on Decem ber 9, 1862, he was appointed its colonel. The regiment served at Pensacola until the city was evacuated, then at Pollard, Mobile, and in Mississippi, and joined Gen. Joseph E. John ston's army in northern Georgia, May, 1864. Col. Conoley was engaged in all the battles from Chattanooga to Jonesboro. At Resaca, he was wounded by a cannon ball, and was compli mented on the field at that place by Gen. John ston for conspicuous gallantry, May 14, 1864. He went with Hood's army into Tennessee, but was sent home on sick leave, and took part in the battle of Selma, April 2, 1865, in his own home town. He was elected judge of the city court of Selma just before the close of the war, but never served, as the court was not organ ized in the desolation which followed the ces sation of hostilities. He was appointed probate judge by the provisional governor in 1865, and at the election in 1867, under the reconstruc tion acts, was elected by the white people to the same office. He held the position for six years, and was defeated in the election in 1874, by the Republican and negro vote. After retiring from the probate judgeship, he again opened his law office in Selma, and engaged in the practice of his profession. He was gen eral of the state militia for many years; was a Democrat; a Presbyterian; a Mason; and an Odd Fellow. Married: October 8, 1840, near Summerfield, Mary Eliza Pitts, born October 12, 1823, in Jones County, Ga., daughter of Noel and Clarinda (Dunn) Pitts, who moved from Jones County, Ga., to Dallas County, near Summerfield, 1830; granddaughter of John and Elizabeth (Taylor) Pitts. Children: 1. Endora, teacher, retired after forty-eight years service, Selma; 2. Louis Alexander, b. June 28, 1843, at Selma, was educated in private schools in Selma, clerked in his father's law office, went as a member of the "Independent Blues" to Fort Morgan and Fort Gaines, when those forts were seized, January, 1861, by order of the governor of Alabama, enlisted in the C. S. Army, May 10, 1861, when the Blues were ordered to Virginia, was sergeant-major in the Eighth Alabama regiment, transferred to the Twenty-ninth and elected second lieutenant of Co. H, 1863, was in the battle of Resaca, Ga., was sent home a few days later on sick leave, and died in a hospital at Monticello, Fla., No vember 22, 1864; 3. Anna Eliza, m. S. J. Mar tin, d. September 5, 1892, leaving three chil dren; 4. John Francis, d. in 1853, at the age of six years and six months; 5. William Noel, captain's clerk, U. S. Navy, 1875-1877, post master, Tampa, Fla., 1897-1898, evangelist, Methodist Episcopal church, south, secretary of the Board of Trade, Jacksonville, Fla., m. October 7, 1880, in Madison County, Lucy Ham- erly, Jacksonville, Fla.; 6. Frank Hamilton, m. Jeannie Kilpatrick, has one son, New Orleans, La.; 7. Douglas Fleming, m. Dora Hamerly, Tampa, Fla. Last residence: Selma. COOK, BENJAMIN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 82, resided in Monroe County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. COOK, EDWARD HAMPTON, physician, was born in Hancock County, Ga., and died in Hay neville, in December 1859; son of John and Mary Ellen (Hampton) Cook, jr., brother of Nathan Cook (q. v.). He practiced his profes sion in Butler and Lowndes Counties; was a member of the Alabama legislature in 1844-45; was elected judge of the county court of Lowndes in 1847, and upon the establishment of the probate court was elected judge, and held the office until his death. He was a Whig 392 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and a Methodist. Married: (1) Sallie Reese; (2) Mrs. Long. Children: Several children were born to him. Last residence: Hayneville. COOK, HATCH, major, 60th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army; major, 3rd in fantry battalion, Hilliard's Legion. COOK, JESSE ALLEN, Baptist minister, was born September 15, 1882, at Roanoke, Ran dolph County; son of Wiley Harrison and Mary Jane (Faucett) Cook, of Pike County, Ga., who removed to Roanoke; grandson of Allen and Rachel (Gray) Cook, of Upson County, Ga., who moved to Pike County, Ga., and later to Randolph County; grandson of Samuel and Harriett (Arnett) Faucett, of Roanoke. He was educated in the public schools of Roanoke; entered Howard college and graduated A. B., 1907; studied theology at the Southern Bap tist theological seminary, Louisville, Ky.; or dained minister, 1908; pastor at Demopolis, 1909-10; called to Montgomery and located there as pastor of Clayton street Baptist church. He is a Democrat, and Knight of Pythias. Married: November 10, 1909, at Bir mingham, to Ruth, daughter of George W. and Adella (Hudmon) Hopson, of that place. Chil dren: 1. Mary Delia, d. in infancy. Residence: Montgomery. COOK, JOHN WILLIAM, merchant, planter, mayor of Eutaw, was born December 1, 1863, in Greene County; son of James Bizzell and Mary (Carpenter) Cook, of Greene County, the former a Confederate soldier in the 36th Ala bama infantry regiment; grandson of John and Anna (Elsie) Cook, and of John R. and Eliza Carpenter, all of Greene County; great-grand son of Stephen Cook, of Virginia, Revolution ary soldier. He was educated in the schools of his community; spent a brief term at Cooper institute, Daleville, Miss.; his parents dying when he was but fifteen years of age, he was forced to suspend education and seek a living. He engaged in planting and later in life in merchandising. In 1908, was elected mayor of Eutaw. He is a Democrat; a Mason; and a Presbyterian. Married: October 29, 1885, to Annie McPherson, daughter of C. M. A. and Annie (Barnes) Rogers, of Warsaw. Children: 1. John William, jr.; 2. McPherson Aduston; 3. Mary Carpenter. Residence: Eutaw. COOK, MAJOR, grand treasurer, grand chap ter, 1837-1840; grand treasurer, grand council, 1838-1839-1841. COOK, NATHAN, lawyer, was born December 8, 1798, in Hancock County, Ga., and died in 1882, at Hayneville; son of Capt. John and Mary Ellen (Hampton) Cook, the former a native of Fairfield District, S. O, who moved with his father to Hancock County, Ga., the latter a niece of Gen. Wade Hampton, a co lonial officer in the Revolutionary War; grand son of John and Martha (Pearson) Cook, and of Edward and Sarah (Earle) Hampton, of South Carolina; great-grandson of Henry Cook of Brunswick County, Va., and of English an cestry, and of Anthony and Elizabeth (Pres ton) Hampton; great-great-grandson of John and Margaret (Wade) Hampton, the latter of Kent County, Va.; great-great-great-grandson of John and Mary (Mann) Hampton, of Vir ginia; great-great-great-great-grandson of Wil liam and Joana Hampton, who emigrated from Middlesex, England, in 1620, and settled on a plantation in' Gloucester County, Va. Judge Cook moved to Alabama with his parents in 1817, and settled in what is now Butler County. When the county was organized, he was ap pointed clerk of the county court. He read law during the four years he served as clerk, and was admitted to the bar. In 1824, when But ler voted with Conecuh County, he was elected to the State legislature. The next year, he was elected to that body from Butler County, and was annually returned, with one exception, un til 1833. During that year he moved to Lowndes County, and practiced his profession there. He was elected district solicitor of Lowndes County in 1839, and held that position until 1843, when he resigned. In December, 1847, he was elected judge of the circuit court, and held the position until 1850. He became circuit judge again in 1853, by appointment of Gov. Collier, and held the position until 1865. After that time he lived in Tennessee and Texas, practicing law in the latter state at Gal veston. He was a Democrat, an Episcopalian, and a Mason. Married: (1) to Harriett Her bert, sister of E. H. Herbert; (2) to Elizabeth Starke Mickle, daughter of Gen. John Joseph and Rebecca Ballard (Martin) Mickle, who lived at Camden, S. C, the former who was at one time adjutant general of the state; grand daughter of John and Elizabeth (Starke) Mickle, of South Carolina; great-granddaughter of Joseph Mickle, who married a Miss Belton, both of South Carolina. Children, by first mar riage: 1. Walter, represented Lowndes County in the State legislature in 1851, killed at the battle of Chancellorsville, m. Cornelia Mickle; 2. Girard, m. Virginia Frazier; 3. Gustave, colonel of a Texas regiment, C. S. Army, m. Elizabeth Jones; 4. Charlotte, d. in childhood; 5. Ellen Cook, d. in childhood; 6. Nathan, d. in childhood; by second marriage: 7. Hamp ton; 8. Belton Mickle, d. at nineteen years; 9. Thurber, d. in childhood; 10. Juliet Starke, m. James A. Olin, Montgomery; 11. George Player, d. in childhood. Last residence: Hayneville. COOK, REUBEN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Fayette County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on November 15, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $36.66; sums received to date of publication of list, $109.98. — Revolu tionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Fayette County, June 1, 1840, aged 80. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. COOK, SAMUEL, member of the constitu tional convention of 1819, from Conecuh County. COOK, SAMUEL CALVIN, lawyer and legis lator, was born November 6, 1837, in Wilcox WILLIAM S. MUDD DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 395 County; son of Daniel and Martha (Warren) Cook, the former a native of Chesterfield Dis trict, S. C, served in the war of 1812, removed in 1827 to Georgia, and in 1829 to Wilcox County where he resided many years; grand son of Joseph Norwood, of Hartsville, Darling ton District, S. C, who served as a captain in the Revolutionary War. He is of English and Welch ancestry, and is a descendant of Gen. Moultrie of South Carolina, and of Revo lutionary fame. Mr. Cook was educated in the primary schools and graduated A. B. from Howard College, 1859. He read law under Col. A. B. Howard in 1861 but his studies were in terrupted by his entrance into the C. S. Army. He went with the "Wilcox Dragoons" to Pensa cola; later became a lieutenant in Co. D. 3rd Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army; was promoted to a captaincy at Green River, Ky., and later served on the staff of Gen. Joe Wheel er; paroled April 29, he arrived at home May 31, 1865, having served four years and one month. Since the war he has been engaged in the practice of his profession. He is a Demo crat; and a Missionary Baptist. Married: March 11, 1861, to Mary Harrell, daughter of George Samuel and Elizabeth (McPherson) Gullett (q. v.), of Wilcox County. Children: 1. Daniel Gullett; 2. Jesse McPherson; 3. Sallie Gullett; 4. George Frank, m. Nathan McPher son Newell; 5. Mary Norwood; 6. Willie Mar tha, 7. Bessie Lee; 8. Maggie Austill; 9. Samuel Calvin, jr.; 10. Jesse Gullett; 11. Robert Eades; 12. Ruth Moultrie; 13. Carrie Kolb; 14. Joseph Norwood. Last residence: Nellie, Wil cox County. COOK, THOMAS ARMSTRONG, Episcopal minister and teacher, was born January 11, 1812, in the Highlands of Scotland and was the son of Thomas and Maria Cook. Thomas Cook was a sea captain and was lost at sea with his ship in 1815. He had intended this to be his last voyage, and had told his wife that when he returned he would quit the sea. His widow now determined to go to America. Her first attempt was thwarted by a wreck of the vessel in the English Channel; her sec ond by a wreck on the Isle of Man, in which she lost all her possessions except a looking glass, which still remains in the possession of her descendants. Her third attempt, which was in 1819, was successful and she landed in Charleston with her son. Mrs. Cook was a well educated woman, and had even studied medicine, a rare accomplishment for women in that day. She entered upon the practice of her profession in Charleston and followed it until her death in 1857. Thomas Armstrong Cook was educated in the schools of Charles ton, and under the instruction of his mother. In 1827 he entered Dr. Muhlenberg's Institute at Flushing, Long Island, where he remained three years. On leaving the institute, Dr. Muhlenberg presented him with a small gold cross with the request that he wear it in mem ory of his teacher. He put it on and wore it all the days of his life until his death. He next entered the college in Charleston and there completed his classical studies. In 1831 he entered the Episcopal theological seminary Vol. in— 28 at Alexandria, Va., where he remained three years. Returning to South Carolina, he helped build a church at Edgefield, and during the illness of the rector, took his place. He was then living at Beaufort where his mother had built a house near the coast. In 1836 he settled in Florence, and was the pioneer Episcopal minister of North Alabama. He built a church in the town in which he preached for three years. He next moved to Lafayette, Chambers County, where he organized a church and re mained three years. After a year's residence at Forsyth, Georgia, he came to Decatur, where he remained two years. In 1844 he came to Talladega where he established a school for young ladies, which he taught until 1874, a period of thirty years. He and his wife often had as many as ninety pupils under their in struction at one time. On withdrawing from the teacher's vocation, he retired to his farm, and all his preaching thereafter was given freely and without compensation. During all his life he was a hard worker in the cause of religion and education, and he did more for the education of young women than any other man in Talladega County. He was an ardent southerner and during the War he organized a company for the Confederate service, but owing to ill health he had to give up this pa triotic undertaking. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity. He manifested great interest in Scotch-Irish meetings or conven tions, and even arose from a sick bed to attend one held in Atlanta, Ga., April 28, 1902. He was a life long student and wrote much, but all his writings with much of his fine library were destroyed by fire, and all the family records were destroyed or taken away from his moth er's house in Beaufort during the War by Fed eral officials when they converted the house into a hospital. Married: in 1834, in La Grange, Georgia,- to Ann Eliza, daughter of Elias and Tabitha (Johnson) Jones. She was born in Charleston, April 14, 1815, and was well educated and assisted her husband in all his church and school work. Children: 1. Maria Louise, b. January 14, 1836; 2. Richard Elias, b. October 1, 1837; 3. Julia Johnson, b. April 12, 1839; 4. Thomas John, b. February 11, 1843; 5. Ann Eliza, b. January 16, 1845; 6. William Augustus, b. August 28, 1846; 7. Emma Virginia, b. January 31, 1849; 8. Henry Adolphus, b. January 7, 1851; 9. Mary Windsor, b. March 20, 1855; 10. Florence Victoria, b. April 15, 1857; 11. Nathaniel Bowen, b. Octo ber 8, 1859. Last residence: Alpine. COOK, THOMAS CHAPPELL, physician, was born September 19, 1836, at Fairfield, Pickens County; son of Major and Mary Wicks (Jar- vis) Cook, of Fairfield. He was educated in the schools of his community and fitted for col lege; graduated A. B., from Princeton univer sity, 1857, and this institution conferred the degree of A. M. upon him in 1859; studied med icine at the University of Pennsylvania, re ceiving M. D. degree, 1859. He practiced until the outbreak of the War of Secession, 1861, serving as assistant surgeon to the First heavy artillery, C. S. Army. At the close of the war, he removed to Texas and resumed his practice. 396 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY In 1885-86, he was a member of the Texas legislature; in 1888-89, U. S. examining surgeon for Army and Navy pension department. He is a Democrat. Married: September 19, 1860, at Fairfield, to Margaret Jane Windham. Resi dence: Weimar, Texas. COON, DATUS E., reconstruction legislator, died December 17, 1893, near San Diego, Calif. He was an old time editor in Iowa, having started the first newspaper in Mitchell County, that state, in 1855. The paper was a Buchanan organ printed at Osage, and supported by the officials of the county who were all strong Democrats. In 1858, Gen. Coon, removed the material he used" in his printing establishment in Osage, to Mason City, la., and established the "Cerro Gordo Press," the first newspaper published in Mason City. At the outbreak of the War of Secession, he was authorized by Gov. Kirkwood of Iowa to raise a company for the Second Iowa Cavalry. He was commis sioned captain of Co. I, was soon after pro moted to major and finally became colonel of the regiment. He was brevetted brigadier general before the close of the war. He was a member of the provisional legislature of Ala bama during the reconstruction period, and was afterwards appointed consul to Babaca, Cuba, by President Hayes. In 1878, he went to San Diego, Calif., as superintendent of the Chinese exclusion law. He was living there at the time of his tragic death, when he was killed by the accidental discharge of a revolver in the hand of a friend. Last residence: San Diego, Calif. COOPER, AARON BURR, lawyer, was born December 11, 1800, in Morris County, N. J. He received a good education in New Jersey and was preparing to enter college, when the death of his father caused him to change his plans. He studied law in Morristown, N. J., and came to Alabama, January, 1822, locating in Mobile. A year later he moved to Clarke County, and In 1826 to Monroe. At Claiborne he formed a law partnership with Gen. Enoch Parsons, which existed until the death of the latter. He was elected to the State legislature from Monroe County in 1845, and was re-elected in 1847, serving in the latter session as chairman of the judiciary committee. Abandoning his law practice in 1850, he moved to Wilcox County, and occupied himself with planting. In 1865, he was a delegate from Wilcox County to the state constitutional convention, and dur ing the same year was elected to the State senate from Dallas and Wilcox Counties. He was warmly supported for federal senator in 1865. After his disfranchisement in 1867, he retired to private life. He was a member of the Presbyterian Church. Married: twice; the second time to Mrs. Creagh, widow of Judge John G. Creagh of Clarke County. Two of his sons were killed in battle during the War of Secession, one of whom, Capt. H. M. Cooper, was on the staff of Gen. Allen of Montgomery. Last residence: Wilcox County. COOPER, BLUCHER HAMILTON, business man and member Alabama public service com mission, was born September 19, 1869, at Con way, Leake County, Miss.; son of Thomas Littleberry and Edwina Canal (Mann) Cooper, the former a native of Conway, and later a resident, successively, of Carthage and Looxa- homa, Miss., sheriff of Leake County for six years, having in 1872, declared himself sheriff and held in office by the moral coercion of the Ku Klux Klan, member of the Mississippi legislature from Leake County, 1878, and state senator of Leake and Attala Counties, and later senator from Sale and Benton Counties, served four years in the C. S. Army, being captain of his company, and later a major; grandson of Thomas J. and Myra L. Cooper, of Conway, Miss., the former, with his sister, was captured by the Indians when he was a small boy, and did not escape until sixteen years of age, when he located in New York state, his sister having in the meantime become the wife of an Indian chief. Mrs. Cooper was connected with the Hill family. The maternal grandparents were Maning Hamilton and Ma rian Theresa Mann, of Carthage, Miss. The original name was McMann, and the family being of Scotch Presbyterian stock. Commis sioner Cooper received his education in the public schools and early in his business career located in Birmingham. He was elected alder man of that city, 1903, and served in that capacity for almost eight years, during which time he introduced and had passed ordinances for better fire protection, the revocation of charters to social clubs where gambling was carried on, park improvement, and was re sponsible for the organization of the municipal ownership league. He was elected, November 3, 1914, to membership on the Alabama public service commission, at that time known as the Alabama railroad commission, which name the commission has, by legislative enactment, 1919, resumed. He is a Democrat, Presbyterian and Elk. Married: November 4, 1896, at Monroe, La., to Lula Jane, daughter of George Alexander and Anna Theresa (McKinney) Preston, the former a native of Canada, the latter of Iuka, Miss. Children: 1. Blucher H., jr.; 2. J. Fenimore; 3. Preston L. Residence: Birmingham. COOPER, BRYAN BROCKWAY, public offi cial, was born March 13, 1859, near Gaston, Sumter County; son of Francis Marion and Mary (Wimberly) Cooper natives of Butler, Choctaw County, who lived in that place, the former a school teacher, who volunteered in the C. S. Army, 1862, but was found disabled for military duty by the examining medical board, and died February 10, 1887, in Choctaw County, the latter born August 30, 1835, died May 10, 1909, at York, Sumter County; grand son of Francis and Martha or Pansy (Dansby) Cooper, the former a native of Wilkes County, Ga.. who early moved to and was one of the pioneers of Choctaw County, and settled about three miles north of Butler, later moving to the northern part of the county, near Gaston, Sumter County, where he died, about 1883, and was buried with Masonic honors, and of Wil liam and Margaret (Braswell) Wimberly, na tives of Virginia and North Carolina, who DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 397 moved from North to South Carolina, from there to Wayne County, Miss., then to Wash ington County, Ala., in 1835, and finally to Butler, Choctaw County; great-grandson of James and Debbie (Owen) Cooper natives re spectively of Pennsylvania and Maryland, who were married about five years after the Revo lutionary War, and moved to WilkeB County, Ga., then to Alabama, and of William Wim berly, who came from Wales when a child and settled in Virginia, married a Miss Harrell, also from Wales, and moved to North Caro lina, where he died from being thrown from a horse, and of a Mr. Braswell, born in North Carolina, who married a Miss Blowe, a native of South Carolina, and moved from South Car olina to Georgia, where he died about 1833. Mr. Cooper was educated in the common schools of Choctaw County, mostly taught by his father, and in Butler Academy. He entered the probate office as probate clerk in 1887, and remained there as chief clerk for more than six years. He engaged in the mercantile busi ness for a few years; was elected city clerk of Tuscaloosa, 1895, and served for four years; was elected clerk of the circuit court of Tus caloosa County in 1898, was re-elected in 1904, and again in 1910, each time for a term of six years. He is a Democrat, a Methodist Episco palian, a Mason, a Knight of Pythias, and an Odd Fellow. Married: Ella Leatherwood, daughter of John Washington and Jane (Bur ton) Leatherwood, of Tuscaloosa; granddaugh ter of Miles Leatherwood who lived and died in Tuscaloosa County, and of Ephraim Burton, who lived and died in Greene County; great- granddaughter of Jesse Leatherwood, of Spar tanburg, S. C. Children: 1. Ethel, a graduate of Tuscaloosa Female College, m. Clifton Greg ory Bowden, November 16, 1910, resides at Decatur; 2. Bertha, a graduate of Tuscaloosa Female College, Tuscaloosa; 3. Louise, Tusca loosa; 4. Marian Hester, Tuscaloosa. Last resi dence: Tuscaloosa. COOPER, DANIEL NELSON, business man, was born March 31, 1842, in Knox County, O.; son of Thompson and Rebecca (Craig) Cooper; grandson of Daniel and Ellen Cooper of New Jersey, the former a relative of John Wither spoon, a signer of the Declaration of Inde pendence, and of William and Mary Craig, natives respectively of New Jersey and Penn sylvania. His maternal ancestors were Scotch- Irish, one of them being an aide-de-camp to William of Orange at the battle of the Boyne. Another ancestor was an officer in the British navy, and sympathizing with the struggle for independence, resigned his commission and re mained in this country. The Cooper family moved west in the early part of the nineteenth century, located at Mt. Vernon, O., and went into the iron foundry business and the manu facture of plows. Mr. Cooper was educated at Mt. Vernon high school. In 1862, he enlisted in Co. A., Ninety-sixth Ohio infantry, U. S. Army, was commissioned first lieutenant of the company, and served until the close of the war, taking part in the siege of Vicksburg, the battles of Chickasaw Bayou, Arkansas Post, around Mobile and at Grand Couteau. He was in Buell's army during that general's race with Bragg through Kentucky. After being must ered out of the service, he returned home and began the study of law under his brother, Col. W. C. Cooper. He was ordered south for his health, and located in Huntsville, in the summer of 1866. He went into the cotton buy ing business at that place, and moved from there to Courtland, where he engaged in plant ing on a large scale. In 1878 he was appointed deputy U. S. marshal, and filled the position for four years; and then was appointed U. S. commissioner. In September, 1897, he was appointed by President McKinley U. S. mar shal of the northern district of Alabama. He is a Republican, and has been chairman of the county and district, and a member of the state, executive committees for years. He has been a delegate to four national Republican conventions, and in 1898 was nominated on the Republican and Populist tickets for congress from the sixth congressional district, but was defeated by Hon. J. H. Bankhead. He was a personal friend and supporter of President McKinley. He was at one time a director in the Warrior Coalfield Company. Residence: Hamilton, Marion County. COOPER, FRANCIS, planter, was born Au gust 31, 1834, at Tyner, Tuscaloosa County; son of James and Elizabeth (McGee) Cooper, of Wilkes County, Ga., who removed to the North River community, Tuscaloosa County, among the earliest settlers. His education was obtained in the rural log school-houses of that day. He engaged in farming and also served, for seventeen years, as postmaster for Fox, afterwards Elbert, Tuscaloosa County. In 1862, he enlisted in Troop G, 51st Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army, and served until the close of the war. He was a Republican; a Mason; and a Methodist. Married: July 11, 1858, at Elbert, to Mary Ann, daughter of Hous ton and Elizabeth (Bailey) Gardner, of Elbert, who emigrated from South Carolina to Pick ens County, and with the father of the former were pioneer settlers of Pickens County. Chil dren: 1. Elizabeth Pruitte, m. Frank Falls; 2. John Francis, m. Annie Brown; 3. Dr. Wil liam Kennedy, m. Carrie Hinton; 4. Sallie, m. Martin Luther French; 5. Dr. Joseph Houston, m, Cora Deal; 6. Dr. Julius Burson, m. Maude Adams, Birmingham. Residence: Elbert. COOPER, JULIUS BURSON, physician, was born October 13, 1877, at Fox, Tuscaloosa County; son of Francis and Mary Ann (Gard ner) Cooper, (q. v.) ; grandson of Houston and Elizabeth (Bailey) Gardner, of Pickins County. He was educated in both the public and private schools of Tuscaloosa; student in U. S. Grant university, Athens, Tenn., medical department, graduated, 1904, M. D.; located at Fox, Tusca loosa County; later removed to Blount Springs, where he practiced and also served as assistant post master. In 1907, he removed to Birming ham. He enlisted for medical service in U. S. hospital corps, Spanish-American War, 1899; served in Philippine Islands, 1899-1902; in all the engagements on the Island of Panoy; hon orably discharged from the U. S. Army, March 398 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 7, 1902. He is "Non-Partisan" in politics; a Mason; Odd Fellow; Woodman of the World. Married: September 2, 1908, at Birmingham, to Alice Maude, daughter of John H. and Annie M. (Williams) Adams, of England, now resid ing at "Fernbank," Birmingham. Children: 1. John Francis; 2. Elizabeth Maude. Residence: Birmingham. COOPER, J. L., Presbyterian minister, liv ing in 1913. Residence: Ferrell, Miss. COOPER, OLIVER WINSTON, business man, was born April 12, 1856, in Chambers County; son of Charles J. and Harriet Ann R. (John ston) Cooper, the former who was a native of Edgfield District, S. O, moving from there to Calhoun, or Benton County as it was then called, where he was married, later moving to Chambers County where Oliver Winston was born, and four years later removed to Calhoun County and lived upon a farm where now a part of the city of Anniston stands. On the paternal side the first of his ancestors in America was Reuben Cooper, who came over from Wales and settled in Virginia before the Revolutionary War, and whose son Charles fought with Gen. Greene in South Carolina, settling there after the war. His son, Reuben Cooper, the grandfather of Oliver Winston Cooper, married Elizabeth Ann Williams, whose mother's father Col. James Williams was in command at the battle of Kings Mountain. On the maternal side Oliver Winston was the grandson of William and Elizabeth Ann (Ter rell) Johnston, the latter being a daughter of Anna Blair, whose father Col. James Blair fought in the battle of Kings Mountain. Col. James Blair was a son of Dr. James Blair, one of the original trustees and first president of the William and Mary College. Mr. Winston entered into the business world as a partner of his father in the wholesale merchandise busi ness, in which line of work he is still active. He is also a member of the private banking firm of C. J. Cooper & Son, which in 1888 became known as the Bank of Oxford and in 1903 the First National Bank. For many years he served the bank as cashier and in 1919 he was made chairman of the board of directors of the First National Bank. He is also presi dent of the Blue Springs Mills Company and one of the largest farmers in this county. He is a large stockholder in the Alabama Home Building & Loan Association, the Alabama Home Mortgage Company of Birmingham, and the First National Bank of Oxford. From 1903 to 1910 he was president of the Oxford school board. He is a democrat and a member of the Christian church of Oxford, which he is serving as treasurer. Married: June 11, 1884, at Griffin, Ga., to Beatrice Freeman, daughter of Francis A. and Missourah Freeman, the for mer an extensive farmer of Spalding County, Ga. -Children: 1. Nettie Eugenia; 2. Charles Freeman; 3. Clarence Winston, m. Elizabeth Ford of Georgetown, Ky.; 4. George Seymour; 5. Amy Leta; 6. Fred Emmett; 7. Agnes Bea trice; 8. Louise. Residence: Oxford. COOPER, THOMAS BUTLER, lawyer and merchant, was born February 18, 1807, at Pendleton Court House, S. C, and died March 7, 1885, at Centre. His father, a native of Philadelphia, was a merchant; his mother's maiden name was Winslow. He received a substantial education, taught school and mer chandised in Habersham, Ga., several years reading law in his spare time. In 1835, he went to Alabama and settled in Wetumpka as a merchant. Two years later he came to Cherokee and started a law practice. In 1842, he was elected to the State legislature from Cherokee County on the Whig ticket although the county was largely Democratic. He was a member of the house in 1844, 1849, 1851, 1863- 1864, 1865-1866. In 1860 he allied himself with the national Democratic party, and was a delegate to the Charleston and Baltimore con ventions. He voted for Douglas for president and Johnson for vice-president. He was elected to the Confederate congress in 1864, to fill the vacancy caused by the expulsion of Hon. W. R. W. Cobb of Jackson. He was a member of the constitutional convention of 1865, and was unanimously elected speaker of the house that year, serving in that position through two sessions of the legislature. He was disfran chised by the reconstruction acts in 1867, and following that time devoted his time more closely to his profession. Married: Nancy Powell, of Georgia, born August 23, 1814, in Rutherford County, N. C, and died November 13, 1882, in Centre. Last residence: Centre. COOPER, WILEY HOWARD, planter, teach er and State senator, was born September 5, 1873, at Centerville, Bibb County; son of Jesse Dean and Phoda Jane (Howard) Cooper, the former a native of Butler County, Pa,, gradu ate, 1858, of Bucknell university, Pa., removed to Chapel Hill, Tenn., where he taught school until 1870, when he removed to Centerville, captain in the Army of Tennessee, C. S. Army; grandson of Thomas and Phoebe (Dean) Coop er of Butler County, Pa., and of George and Theresa (Coleman) Howard, natives respec tively of Rowan and Edgecomb Counties, N. C. Senator Cooper received his education in Cen terville, being taught by H. K. W. Smith and his father, J. D. Cooper. Early in manhood he engaged in farming upon the large planta tion owned by his mother, later acquiring large landed property of his own. He repre sented the 18th senatorial district in the legis lature of 1915. He is a Democrat, Presbyterian and Knight of Pythias. Married: February 1901, at Centerville, to Estelle, daughter of Alex and Mary (Steele) Avery, of that place. Children: 1. Jessie Dean; 2. Mary; 3. Wiley Howard, jr. Residence: Centerville. COOPER, WILLIAM, lawyer, was born Jan uary 11, 1802, in Brunswick County, Va., and died in Tuscumbia, August 16, 1887; son of Edmund and Patsy (Jackson) Cooper. In 1805, while still an infant, his parents moved to Nashville, Tenn., where he remained until his majority, being educated at the University of Nashville and studying law in the office of Hon. Ephraim Foster who was afterwards U. S. senator from Tennessee, 1838 and 1839. He was admitted to the bar in 1823. He located first in the practice of his profession at Russell- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 399 ville, from which place he moved to Tuscumbia in 1828, where he spent the rest of his life. The one ambition of William Cooper was to be a successful lawyer and all of his energies were applied to this one purpose, he practicing in the courts of Alabama for more than half a century, always taking the lead in his profes sion. In early years, he was elected a chief of the Chickasaw Indians. This was on ac count of professional services rendered in de fending an Indian who had killed a white man, from whom he would accept no fee. They showed their appreciation of this and many other acts of kindness on his part to them by electing him a chief giving him the name of "Oolisk," meaning double or four eyes, on ac count of his wearing glasses. He negotiated the "Treaty of Pontotoc" with the United States government, representing the Indians. He served as a bank commissioner from 1845 to 1847. During the War of Secession he was commissioned by President Davis to go to Jefferson City, Mo., at the time the seceding of that State was under consideration. He was in Jefferson City on December 27, 28, 29 and 30, 1860. History shows the decision of that State. He was also a member of the Alabama State convention; his diary of 1861 showing entry as follows: "Friday, January 11, 1861. Ordinance of secession of the State of Alabama passed the Convention this day at 2 o'clock and 25 minutes p. m. by a vote of 61 to 39." He was always a strong, believer in States rights. Prior to the War he was a Whig, often an elector in his State. He was a free thinker on the subject of religion. He wa,s a member of the Masons and Knights of Pythias. Mar ried: (1) November 12, 1824, to Susan Hen derson McCullock, died at Tuscumbia, August 9, 1834; (2) in 1836, at Tuscumbia, to Eliza beth Blocher; (3) December 27, 1869, to Mrs. Julia Plummber Blocker. Children: by first wife, 1. Langston, died young; 2. James Parke, Confederate soldier, in "Franklin Blues," mar ried and had two daughters; 3. Jane Foster, m. James T. Pettit, August 14, 1840, they are parents of six children; by second wife; 4. John William, Confederate soldier, serving in the "Franklin Blues;" 5. Susan Henderson, m. W. A. Nelson, mother of three sons; 6. Sarah A., m. John Goodwin, mother of two sons and one daughter; 7. Mollie R., m. Ben Winter, mother of three sons and two daughters; 8. Julia Francis, m. E. R. Rather, mother of two daughters. Last residence: Tuscumbia. COOPER, WILLIAM BLOW, farmer and leg islator, was born January 13, 1857, at Jeffer son, Marengo County, and died December 2, 1919, at Linden; son of Anson Wilmouth and Arabella Mozelle (Wood) Cooper, the former was a native of Sussex County, Va., later a res ident of Marengo County, a Methodist, and Confederate soldier; grandson of Joe Wilmouth and Polly (Blow) Cooper, and of David and Sarah (Fowler) Wood. He was educated in the common schools of Marengo and Choctaw Counties. He is a farmer, and livestock breeder; was sheriff, 1892-1896; mayor of Lin den, 1906-09, president of the county jury com mission, 1909-1914, and represented Marengo County in the legislature of 1915. He is a Democrat; a Methodist, a Mason; and a Wood man of the World. Married: February 23, 1876, to Maggie Ann, daughter of Lod and Margaret Elizabeth (Thompson) Moore of Forest Home. Children: 1. Odem Wilmouth, m. Agnes Jackson; 2. Hazel Scott; 3. Willie Bertha, m. William J. Powell. Last residence: Linden. COOPER, WILLIAM HENRY, broker and commission merchant, was born January 10, 1898, at Benton, Tenn.; son of William Philip and Elizabeth (Cameron) Cooper; grandson of Henry and Eliza (Cooke) Cooper; great- grandson of Philip and Clerinda (Freeman) Cooper, and of Robert Cooke, who served un der Washington at Valley Forge in 1777, and as a member of the "ranger of frontiers," in 1778. Through his mother, Mr. Cooper traces his descent from Clan Cameron of Scotland. He was educated in the common schools of Georgia, at Alexandria academy in Calhoun County, and was graduated from Howard college, B. S., 1878. After his graduation, he assisted his father in the supervision of the farm, inci dentally trading in stock and buying cotton. In 1886, he became a traveling salesman, and con^ tinued in that occupation until 1897. He en gaged in the mercantile business at Oxford for several years, and at the end of that time, en tered a brokerage and commission business at Anniston, in which he is now engaged. He is a Democrat, a Baptist, and a Mason, and has in the past been associated with the orders of Elks, Knights of Pythias, and Red Men. Mar ried: May 2, 1898, to Frances Estelle, daughter of Chaney Johnson and Ada (Harling) Dodd. Residence : Oxford. COPELAND, BENJAMIN GRIGSBY, physi cian, was born July, 1860, in Limestone County, and died March 11, 1914, in Birmingham; son of Nathan G. and Callie C. (Grigsby) Cope land, natives of Alabama, who lived on a plan tation in Limestone County. He was reared on the farm, and attended school in that neighborhood until his twelfth year, when he took a two year course of study at Elkton, Tenn. Subsequently he attended Bethany high school, Giles County, Tenn., and the academy at Culleoka, Tenn. He was graduated from the Jefferson Medical College, Philadel phia, M. D., 1883; came to Birmingham in October of the same year; and practiced med icine from that time until his death. He was a member of the Jefferson County Medical Society, and served as its secretary for one year. He was a Mason, a Knight of Pythias, and a Knight of Honor. Married: Lucy Tur ner of Huntsville. Children: 1. Caroline; 2 Jennie Hammond. Last residence: Birming ham. COPELAND, DICK RIVERS, merchant and legislator, was bom April 4, 1859, at Danville Morgan County; son of Anderson Guin and Winney Jane (Johnson) Copeland, the former a physician and Methodist minister; grandson of James Copeland, of Danville. He was edu cated in the schools at Danville and Summit 400 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY In 1881, at Flint, he entered the mercantile business; removed in 1883 to Birmingham where he now resides and is at the head of a fruit and produce business. Mr. Copeland serv ed as an alderman of Birmingham from 1901 until the commission form of government was adopted. He is a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: April 24, 1888, in Birmingham, to Ida Elizabeth, daughter of Alfred Hamilton and Elizabeth Welsh (Cunningham) Roebuck, who resided in Montevallo. Children: 1. John Eubank. COPELAND, MACK M., planter and cotton- buyer, was born about 1830, in Augusta, Ga., and died in 1875, in Montgomery; son of pio neer settlers of Eufaula, who removed to Ala bama when he was a child. His grandfather was a Revolutionary soldier. He was educated in the common schools of Eufaula, and mer chandised until his removal to Montgomery about 1856, where he engaged in the cotton- buying business. He was 1st lieutenant in the Barbour County volunteers, Mexican War, 1845- 48; also a member of Tenant Lomax's com mand, Civil War; assigned to duty in the Con federate commissary at Montgomery, with rank of major. After the war he again engaged in cotton-buying and scientific market gardening being among the first to plant asparagus and strawberries on a commercial basis, for the Montgomery market, 1866. He was a Demo crat; and a Baptist. Married: in 1853, in Eu faula, to Margaret Bledsoe. Children: 1. Eliza beth, m. Donald Hanson, Union Springs; 2. Florida; 3. Maggie; 4. Richard, m. Nancy Fan nin; 5. George, m. Miss Herbert; 6. William. Last residence: Montgomery. COPELAND, THEODORE, Methodist minis ter, was born November 18, 1868, near Blounts ville; son of Silas Virgil and Mary J. (Yeild- ing) Copeland, who lived near Blountsville, until 1887, when they moved to Birmingham, the former a soldier in the C. S. Army during the War of Secession, who died April 25, 1910; grandson of James and Mary (Sterling) Cope land, of Blount County, and of William and Odessa (Yeilding) of Blount County. The city of Sterling, Scotland, was named for the fam ily of which Mary Sterling was a member. The Copelands were of Irish descent. Rev. Copeland attended the county school at Blountsville, the public school at Bellevue, and the academy at Birmingham. He was a student at the Southern University for three years, and was graduated from the theological course at Vanderbilt University. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by McKendree Col lege, Lebanon, 111., in 1909. He was licensed to preach at Birmingham, 1891, and was or dained in 1893 and 1895. He was pastor suc cessively at Leighton; Attalla; St. Paul's church, Birmingham; First Church, Grenada, Miss.; St. Luke's, Columbus, Ga., three years; Rayne Memorial church, New Orleans, La., one year; St. Paul's, St. Louis, Mo., four years; and Cohane church, St. Louis, Mo. He is a Democrat, a member of Phi Delta Theta col lege fraternity, and has been a contributor to the church press for a number of years. Mar ried: July 6, 1893, at Athens, Kate Phillips, daughter of Col. D. T. and Ophelia (Redus) Phillips, who lived at Athens. Children: Theodore, jr., St. Louis, Mo.; 2. Phillips, St. Louis, Mo.; 3. Mary Catherine, St. Louis, Mo. Residence: St. Louis, Mo. COPELAND, WILLIAM BAKER, public offi cial, was born May 12, 1856, at Danville, Mor gan County; son of Anderson Gwinn and Win nie Jane (Johnson) Copeland, the former a native of Sparta, White County, Tenn., who moved to Danville in his early manhood, was a practicing physician until 1872, and after that a member of the North Alabama Confer ence till his death, November 20, 1895, in Jef ferson County; grandson of James Wilson Copeland of Danville, whose grandfather, James Wilson, was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, and of David Johnson of Russellville. He received his early schooling at Danville, under Prof. Zoe Free man, at Summit, under J. L. Brittain and M. V. Henry, and attended Vanderbilt Uni versity for some time. He was postmaster at Birmingham, July, 1893-September, 1897; city auditor of Birmingham, 1902-1906; city treas urer and tax collector, 1910-1911; and was elected clerk of the criminal court, November, 1912. He is a Democrat, serving as secretary of the campaign committee, 1892; is a Meth odist Episcopalian, ' and was steward in the church, 1910-1911; is a Master Mason, an Odd Fellow and a Knight of Pythias. Married: January 23, 1877, at Summit, Mary Olivia Henry, daughter of Ake and Elizabeth P. (Vaughan) Henry, who lived at Summit. Her father was a member of a large family in Mar shall and Blount Counties, originally from Vir ginia. Her mother's family came from Ten nessee. Children: 1. Edward Rivers, chief clerk of the criminal court at Birmingham, married; 2. Annie Pearl, m. Samuel Nabers Gore, Birmingham; 3. Nash Anderson, farmer, Pinson; 4. Paul Henry, deputy clerk at Bir mingham, married. Residence: Birmingham. COPELAND, WILLIAM PRESTON, was born September 1, 1845, at Eufaula, Barbour County; son of John Nelson and Caroline Elizabeth (Cannon) Copeland; the former born in Barnwell District, S. C, in 1811, lived suc cessively in Augusta, Ga., St. Joseph, Fla., and Eufaula, served in the Seminole War of 1835- 36, as a private in Capt. Robinson's company while living in Florida, later came to Eufaula, where he' engaged in the mercantile business until his death in 1859, was the first captain of the Eufaula rifles, a position which he held as long as he lived, the latter was twice married, her first husband being a Mr. Carvin to whom she bore three children, one of whom became the wife of Gen. Alpheus Baker, she died in Eufaula in 1866; grandson of Simeon R. and Mary Owen (Kennedy) Cannon, the former a resident of Barnwell District, S. C, later of Eufaula; great-grandson of John and Elizabeth (Treutlen) Kennedy, great-great-grandson of John Adam Treutlen, who was elected governor of Georgia, May 8, 1777. His grandfather Copeland was of French Huguenot descent, DR. WELLINGTON P. McADORY DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 403 who died in Augusta, Ga., in 1868, was twice married, John Nelson Copeland being a son of the first marriage. William P. Copeland re ceived his elementary and academic education under well qualified teachers in the schools of Eufaula. In 1863, he entered the University of Alabama and was noted for the faithful dis charge of every duty whether as a student over his books or as a cadet performing military service at Mobile and elsewhere until the end came in the spring of 1865 with the destruction of the university by the Federals. On his re turn home, he became a clerk in the store of H. C. Hart and company. After serving for some months in that capacity, he entered Georgetown college, D. C, where he pursued his studies until the following January, when he supplemented his course at Georgetown by several months study at the University of Vir ginia. He next followed farming for one year near Eufaula, then became a bookkeeper for T. J. Perkins, with whom he remained until the summer of 1868, when he began the study of medicine under Dr. P. D. L. Baker of Eufaula. He spent a part of the years 1868 and 1869 in Bellevue medical college, N. Y., from which he was graduated in the spring of 1870. He re turned to Eufaula, where he opened an office and where he has had a large and lucrative practice running through all the years to the present day. He is regarded as one of the most eminent physicians of Barbour County. From 1871-1874, he was convict doctor, and in 1874 was U. S. acting assistant surgeon. He was president of the Barbour County medi cal society for eight years. The only military office he ever held was sergeant Co. C, Ala bama corps cadets, 1863-1865. He is an Episco palian, a Democrat, Odd Fellow and a Mason. He is the author of several papers, which were published in the New York medical world. Married: April 16, 1872, to Mary, daughter of Col. James T. and Henrietta (Fontaine) Fle wellen, and grand-daughter of John Fontaine. a wealthy planter of Columbus, Ga. Children: 1. Martha Fontaine, m. William Love McCor- mick; 2. Caroline Elizabeth, m. Lee Johnston Clayton; 3. Sarah Matilda, m. Malcom McNab Reeves; 4. Willie Preston, m. Alexis A. Couric. Residence: Eufaula. CORLEY, ZACCHEUS, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 72, and a resident of Bibb County; private S. Carolina Militia; enrolled on March 8, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $40; sums received to date of publication of list, $100. — Revolution ary Pension Roll, in Part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Bibb County, June 1, 1840, aged 77. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. CORN, F. M., major and lieutenant colonel 3rd, also called 11th, Confederate cavalry, C. S. Army. CORNELL, CHARLES ALBERT, Methodist minister, was born December 9, 1864, at Hud son Falls, Washington County, N. Y.; son of Charles Henry and Florence Frances (Sny der) Cornell, the former born at Galaway, Sara toga County, N. Y., who lived at Hudson Falls, N. Y., at Pittsburgh, Pa., and at Mexico City, Mexico, the latter who was left an orphan in infancy at Lock Haven, Pa., and became the ward of Nelson W. Waite, of Hudson Falls, N. Y.; grandson of Madison and Lucy Maria (Cadman) Cornell, who lived at Galaway, N. Y., and moved to Hudson Falls; great-great- grandson of George Cadman, a soldier in the Revolutionary War. He was educated in the public school at Hudson Falls, and in the ward schools at Pittsburgh. He was licensed to preach, October 17, 1887, at Selma; was re ceived on trial in the Alabama Conference, December 9, 1890; was ordained deacon by Bishop Hendrix, December 20, 1891; admitted to full connection, December 9, 1892; ordained elder by Bishop Duncan, December 16, 1894; served at Douglas Court, 1891-1892; at Whist ler, 1893-1894; at Summerfield, 1895-1896; at Fort Deposit, 1897-1899; at Midway, 1900-1901; at Ozark, 1902-1903; at Auburn, 1904-1907; at Marianna, 1908-1909; was presiding elder of Marianna District, 1910; and of Prattville Dis trict, 1911-1913. He is a Democrat; has been president of the Alabama Conference board of missions, is a Royal Arch Mason, and past chancellor of the Knights of Pythias. Married: December 12, 1882, at Selma, Ransome Annie Scurry, daughter of Ransome Gary and Mary Caroline (Moseley) Scurry, natives of South Carolina, and Alabama, who lived in Dallas County. Children: 1. Charles Van Wormer, Montgomery; 2. Florence Cadman, m. Lewis Pendleton Goodman, of Frederick's Hall, Vir ginia, Montgomery; 3. William Tate, deceased; 4. Nellie Grey, deceased; 5. Gracie, deceased; 6. Annie, deceased. Residence: Prattville. CORNWELL, THOMAS J., banker, was born in Chester District, S. O, son of John B. and Alice (Stone) Cornwall, who lived in Chester County, S. C; great-grandson of Jacob Stone who served in the Revolutionary War. He was educated in the country and city schools of Chester County, and in the Greenville military institute. He became a banker; served for some time as a member of the board of educa tion of Bessemer; and in 1901 was a delegate to the constitutional convention of that year from Jefferson County. He is a Democrat and a Baptist. Married: (1) December 1, 1886, at Ackerman, Miss., to Kittie Alice Bowles, who died January 4, 1894; (2) December 20, 1894, at Bessemer, to Sadie Cockrell. Residence: Bessemer. CORY, CHAPPELL, general manager Jeffer son county building and loan association, was born February 6, 1858, at Benton, Lowndes County; son of Thomas Denny and Martha Elizabeth (Chappell) Cory, the former a na tive of Sparta, Sussex County, N. J., who lo cated at Mulberry, Autauga County, a Confed erate soldier for three months, trustee Univer sity of Alabama 1886-90, member Alabama legis lature, 1884-85, and for many years chairman of the Democratic executive committee of Autauga County; grandson of David and Mar tha (Wade) Cory, also natives of Sparta, N. J., 404 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and of Joseph John and Susan (Taylor) Chap pell of Mulberry. His paternal ancestors set tled on Long Island in 1644, and his maternal line was founded by Thomas Chappell who came to Virginia in 1635, and settled an es tate at Merchant's Hope, Chappell Creek, on the James River, below City Point. He re ceived his elementary education at Ivy Creek academy in Autauga County, and graduated from the University of Alabama with the A. M. degree in 1878 and the LL. B. degree in 1879. He at once began teaching in Ivy Creek academy, but the following year was engaged in the University of Alabama laboratory. In 1880 he began the practice of law at Selma, in partnership with Thomas W. Clark. Jour nalism made a strong appeal to him, however, and in 1881, he bought, with Gaston A. Rob- bins, the "Southern Argus," Selma. The fol lowing year he entered the employ of the "Montgomery Advertiser." In 1884, he edited the "Selma Times." In 1884, he again joined the "Montgomery Advertiser," and owned a fourth interest in that paper, 1887-88. From 1889 to 1893, he was managing editor of the. "Birmingham Age-Herald;" and secretary, Commercial club, Birmingham, 1894. During 1894-96, he was engaged in business in Lon don, England, and was private secretary to Gov. J. F. Johnston, 1896-1900, residing in Montgomery. During 1900, he was connected with the "Montgomery Journal" as business manager, and the following two years was newspaper correspondent for several State and out of State papers; secretary, Birmingham trust and savings company, 1903-09; general manager, Jefferson county building and loan as sociation, 1909 to date. While attending the University of Alabama, he served as second sergeant of the Alabama corps cadets, 1877-78. He was candidate for the nomination of state superintendent of education in 1902, and ran third in the race. For several years he was trustee of the State normal school, Florence. He is a Democrat, a Methodist, Good Templar, and a member of the Sigma Nu fraternity. Married: November 26, 1890, at Gadsden, to Marielou Armstrong (q. v.). Children: 1. Mat- tie Linn, died in infancy; 2. Chappell, jr.; 3. Armstrong; 4. Theresa. Residence: Roebuck Springs, Birmingham. CORY, MARIELOU ARMSTRONG, author, was born at Greensboro, Hale County; daugh ter of Thomas and Martha Louisa (du Bois) Armstrong, the former a Methodist minister, serving charges in Alabama and Louisiana, edi tor Alabama Christian Advocate, and member of North Alabama conference, M. E. church, South; granddaughter of Harvelle and Mary (King) Armstrong, of Conecuh County, and of John and Louisa (Williams) du Bois, of Au tauga County, the former was of French Hugue not line of Charleston, S. O; great-grandmother was of the South Carolina Elmore family and was a sister of Gen. John Archer Elmore; great- great-granddaughter of Peter and Annie (Cair- us) du Bois, the latter a daughter of Thomas Cairus, the youngest son of an English noble man of that name, who was in America at the time of the Revolution and fought gallantly on the side of the patriots, and whose brother, John David Cairus, returned to England and on death of oldest brother inherited the fam ily estate. She received her early education at Mt. Sterling, Choctaw County, under Prof. Seth S. Mellen; was graduated at Mansfield female college, Louisiana, with degree of M. A., being valedictorian of her class. She taught music in Birmingham, and music and art in Decatur public schools; was organist, without remuneration, for churches at her father's min isterial charges, and was organist for Sam Jones, the noted evangelist at his first tent meeting in State of Alabama ; was instrumental in securing the passage of the bill establishing the Boys' industrial school at East Lake; and a member of the committee for the preserva tion of the First White House of the Confed eracy, created by a bill which was passed against great obstacles by the Legislature, but was vetoed by Govs. Samford and Jelks. She was a member of the legislative committee of the Federation of Woman's clubs, recording secretary State Woman's Christian temperance union, and director, for Alabama of Scientific temperance instruction; assisted in organizing the Alabama division, U. D. C, April 8, 1897; president Alabama division, U. D. C, 1911-1913, and was one of the founders of the Alabama home of refuge. Author: "The Ladies memo rial association of Montgomery, Ala., its origin and organization with biographical notes of distinguished citizens and families of Ala bama." Married: November 26, 1890, in Gads den, to Chappell Cory (q. v.). Children: 1. Mattie Linn, died in infancy; 2. Chappell, jr.; 3. Armstrong; 4. Theresa. Residence: Roe buck Springs, Birmingham. CORY, THOMAS, soldier of the American Revolution, age not given, a resident of Mobile County; sergeant 4th Battalion Corps Artil lery; enrolled on May 21, 1821, payment to date from February 15, 1821; annual allowance, $32; sums received to date of publication of list, $161.47; acts military establishment. — Revolu tionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. COSTELLO, PIERRE DARCY, judge and sol dier, was born, March 22, 1827, near Dublin, Ireland, and died at Murfreesboro, January 4, 1863; son of Daniel Edmond and Mary (Mc- Namara) Costello, the former lived at Dublin, Ireland, was educated for the priesthood, the latter moved to New York City soon after her husband's death, and there married a Mr. O'Flarity. He lived with his parents in New York till he was sixteen then on account of family troubles left home coming south; re ceived a good education in New York public schools; was in Mexican War on board U. S. vessel Porpoise; after war ended came to Ala bama, and when but nineteen years of age was appointed probate judge of Conecuh County to serve from 1849-1850; on completion of term of office he removed to Geneva County, later moving to Elba; elected probate judge of Coffee County, May 15, 1856, commissioned for six years, which office he held until his death. Upon his removal to Elba he studied law and DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 405 was admitted to the bar but never practiced on account of official duties. He organized Co. K, 25th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, 1861, and was elected captain, fighting at Corinth, Shiloh, in the Mississippi and Ken tucky Campaigns at Perryville, and at Mur freesboro; was promoted major and was acting lieutenant-colonel when he was mortally wounded at Murfreesboro, January 1, 1863. He was a Whig; a Mason; and did not belong to any church, though parents were Catholics. Married: December 18, 1855, to Cordelia Ann Lee, daughter of Charles Stephen and Eliza beth Mary (Broughton) Lee, the former was engaged in the Indian Wars, gaining title of colonel, both parents were natives of Georgia. Children: 1. Elizabeth Mary, died in infancy; 2. Mary Agnes, accidently killed during war, aged seven years; 3. Daniel Edward, died when eighteen years of age; 4. Camilla, died at six teen years. Last residence: Elba. COTHRAN, JOHN FRANKLIN, publisher and editor, was born September 21, 1834, at Marion, Perry County; son of Elijah and Ta- litha Adeline (Brown) Cothran, who were mar ried in 1830. His father was born at Dunedin, County of Monaghan, Ireland, 1805, and ran away from home on his eighth birthday, be coming bound to a sea captain, with whom he embarked for America. He ran away from the captain as soon as the vessel reached the port of Mobile, found shelter in a boat owned by Stewart George, and was secreted by the latter's brother, Elias George, until they left the city. He lived in the George home in Hamburg for five years, attending school with the sons of the family, then engaged in the manufacture of boots and shoes. Mr. Cothran obtained his early education in Marion, and was one of half a dozen boys admitted as pupils to the Judson Female Institute, then one of the leading schools of the south. Soon after he was transferred to Howard College, where he continued his studies until the death of his father in 1844. He obtained his first em ployment on the "Marion News," where he worked as printer's devil until the suspension of "The News." At that time he was trans ferred to "The Commonwealth," a paper then published at Marion, by John Garland Mark- ham. In 1849, Mr. Cothran moved to Mobile where he hoped to find employment at his trade. Being a minor, the printers' union re fused to allow him to work, and he was com pelled to become a grocer's clerk. When the yellow fever broke out in Mobile in 1853, many of the printers fled from the city, and he se cured a position on the "Daily Register," then published by John Forsyth. He remained with that paper, filling various positions in the mechanical department, until 1868, when he purchased a third interest in the job printing business of Farrow & Dennett. In 1877, Mr. Cothran sold his share in the company to George Matzenger, and took charge of a job printing concern which he had purchased in New York. Four years later, "The Item," a small weekly paper of four pages, published by Mr. Cothran, made its appearance in Mo bile. He continued in the printing business, spending the greater part of his life in that trade. At the time of the outbreak of the War of Secession, Mr. Cothran was a member of the Washington Light infantry at Mobile, which became Co. A, Twenty-first Alabama regiment. He was promoted from sergeant to second lieutenant, then to first lieutenant, and finally, August 30, 1863, became captain of the company. He was in command of two com panies at Cedar Point, and of two companies of infantry and two of cavalry at Bon Secour. He was captured at Fort Morgan and impris oned in Fort LaFayette, New York harbor, for five months, in solitary confinement, then was transferred to Fort Delaware, where he was held until the surrender. Married: Sep tember 24, 1865, at Lauderdale, Miss., Mary F. Patton, daughter of Dr. James Patton. He had seven children of whom three are living: 1. John F., jr.; 2. William P.; 3. Mrs. Norwood A. Richards. Residence: Mobile. COTTON, JAMES, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 69, and a resident of Madi son County; private Virginia Militia; enrolled on March 2, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $55; sums received to date of publication of list, $165. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. COTTRELL, JAMES LAFAYETTE, lawyer, representative in congress, was born in 1808, in Prince William County, Va. His father, the son of an Englishman who was a colonial naval officer in the Revolutionary War, and subsequently, a Baptist minister, moved to Georgia, then came to Alabama with the Hall and Lewis families of Autauga County. Mr. Cottrell was reared in Autauga County, and studied law at Washington under Hon. Wil liam D. Pickett. He moved to Lowndes County in 1830, located in Hayneville, and at once be gan to practice law. He served in the State senate, 1838-1841, defeating Mr. Needham Smith. During the latter year of his term in the senate, he was unanimously chosen presi dent of the body. He was elected to congress in 1846 to fill the unexpired term of Hon. William Lowndes Yancey who had resigned. In that election, he was opposed by Samuel S. Beeman of Wetumpka, the half-brother of Mr. Yancey, and won the election by a majority of only thirty-eight votes. On his return from congress in 1848, Mr. Cottrell was placed on the electoral ticket for Gen. Cass, but resigned. He moved to Cedar Keys, Fla., and became a planter on the Suwannee River. In 1865 he was elected to the senate of that state, and during the winter was defeated by Gov. Mar vin for U. S. senator, by one vote. Married: a sister of Hon. James McQueen, of Florida, and daughter of one of the first settlers of Lowndes County. Last residence: Florida. COUCH, ELY, soldier of the American Revo lution, age not given, a resident of Russell County; corporal 4tli Regular U. S. Infantry; enrolled on September 20, 1832, payment to date from August 1, 1832; annual allowance, 406 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $201.06; acts military establishment — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. COUNCIL WILLIAM HOOPER, negro edu cator, was born July 12, 1848, at Fayetteville, N. C, of slave parents. After the close of the War of Secession he attended for three years a school for colored children at Stevenson. In 1867, he engaged in the profession of teach ing. Later he studied law, and was admitted to practice in Alabama in 1883. Prior to his study of law, he was enrolling clerk of the Alabama house of representatives, 1872-1874, and in the following year was receiver-general of the land office for the northern district of Alabama. He has never practiced law, and since 1875 has been president of the Agricultural and Mechanical College at Normal, of which he was the founder and organizer. He was the founder and the editor, from 1877 until 1884, of the Huntsville "Herald." He has con tributed to the "Arena," the "Forum," and other periodicals. Residence: Normal. COURSON, JAMES, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 72, and a resident of Mont gomery County; private S. C. Continental Line and Militia; enrolled on January 19, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832; pay ment to date from March, 1831; annual allow ance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. COWAN, E. E„ Methodist minister, member of the Alabama conference. Residence: Head land. COWAN, SAMUEL COLVIN, physician and State senator, was born August 4, 1861, at Aberfoil, Bullock County; son of Samuel Col vin and Mary Jane (Larkins) Cowan, the former lived at Eufaula, then Irvington, Aber foil, and Union Springs, was in the Indian War, and was a physician; grandson of John Alexander and Anna (Gillespie) Cowan, the former owned and operated the first ferry over the Alabama river where Selma now stands, was of Irish extraction, his father coming to America during the latter part of the 17th cen tury, the latter the sister of Mrs. James G. Blaine, and of William L. and Christian Wil liams (Scott) Larkins. The Larkinses came from Scotland and settled in North Carolina, removing to Alabama in 1819. Dr. Cowan was educated in the common schools of Bullock County; graduated valedictorian from the med ical college of the University of Alabama, Mo bile, 1889. He was State senator from the 26th district, in the legislature of 1919. He is a Democrat; Mason; and Shriner. Married: April 26, 1906, to Effle May, daughter of Lucius Theodore and Emma (Hancock) Bush, of Atlanta, Ga. Children: 1. Samuel Colvin; 2. Effie May. Residence: Union Springs. COWART, FLETCHER J., teacher, was born in Pike County, December, 1850; son of Hans ford D. and Louisiana E. (Carter) Cowart, the former born in Barnwell District, S. C, 1818, went west and settled with parents in Georgia, received common school education, became a Methodist, was county commissioner, served in 57th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, until after 1864, and died in June, 1890, the latter was born in Conecuh County, in 1820; grandson of James Cowart and William Carter, the former born in 1778, moved to Mississippi in 1820, thence to Georgia, removed 1840 to Pike County, died there in 1846, the latter born in Hancock County, Ga., 1789, fought in War of 1812, at Battle of Autasse, in Eastern Alabama, removed from Baldwin County, 1817, to Conecuh, and in 1825 to Pike, where he died in 1883, being one of the first settlers, was tax collector, 1836, a farmer, and a Primitive Baptist. F. J. Cowart is one of ten children, was reared on a farm and received a common school education; taught school 1869; in 1870, attended Auburn; became editor of "Troy Messenger" in 1875; retired in 1877 to engage in merchandise; superintendent of education for Pike County, 1877-1880; member legislature 1880, reelected 1882. He was appointed by Pres. Grover Cleveland as agent to Mescalero Apaches, New Mexico, 1885-1889. For a num ber of years was a member of the faculty at the Troy normal school. He is a Mason, Metho dist and a Democrat. Married: in 1873, to Mattie, daughter .of W. C. and Elizabeth San ders, natives of Talbot County, Ga. Residence: Troy. COWART, LEE, lawyer, was born March 26, 1866, in Towns County, Ga.; son of Thomas J. and Lydia (Chastain) Cowart, the former a native of Spartanburg District, S. C, who lived at Houston, served in the C. S. Army for four years, and was county superintendent of edu cation of Winston County from 1880 to 1888; grandson of Elijah and Sarah Chastain, who moved from North Carolina to Alabama in 1860. Mr. Cowart received his early education in the common schools of Winston County, and was graduated from the law department of the University of Alabama, LL. B., June, 1886. He was admitted to the bar at Double Springs, in 1886, and practiced there for four years, serving from 1887 to 1890, as county solicitor. He was examiner of accounts in the department of justice, 1893-1895; assistant U. S. attorney, northern district of Alabama; 1895-1898; pres idential elector, ninth congressional district, 1908; private secretary to Gov. Emmet O'Neal, from January 16, 1911, until his appointment as commissioner of immigration, February 3, 1911, and held the latter position until Jan uary 18, 1915. He is a Democrat; was chair man " of the Winston County executive com mittee, 1886-1890; a delegate to all state con ventions, 1886-1894; and a member of Jeffer son County Democratic committee, 1900-1910. He is a Methodist, an Odd Fellow, Knight of Pythias, and a Red Man. Married: February 22, 1892, at Spruce Pine, Franklin County, to Emilie Spann, daughter of Felix G. and Martha (Howell) Sparin, of Double Springs. Children: 1. Lee, jr.; 2. Emmet O'Neal; 3. Virgil; 4. Ed ward; 5. Willadene. Residence: Birmingham. COWLES, THOMAS MERRIWETHER, planter, was born in 1794, in Richmond County, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 407 Ga., and died March 20, 1857, in Montgomery; son of William Marston and Anna (Merri wether) Cowles, the latter the sister of Nicho las Merriwether. His ancestors were located in Virginia in the Colonial period, an old record showing that land lying on the James River near Charles City, Westover County, Va., the bill of same bearing the date 1614, was in the possession of Richard Cowles. This same land passed into the possession of Ed mund Cowles in 1666 along with larger tracts. Thomas Cowles, a descendant, was a member of the house of burgesses from James City County in 1698. Major Thomas Merriwether Cowles was a gentleman of culture and great wealth. When Pres. Millard Fillmore visited Montgomery in 1854, he spent the day upon the Cowles plantation, four miles from the ¦city of Montgomery on the Mount Meigs Road, and was given the opportunity of seeing hun dreds of slaves in the cotton fields, plowing and boeing, and also was guest of honor at a bar becue at which the neighboring planters and friends from the city were present. He built in Montgomery, upon the banks of the Alabama river, a palatial mansion of brick and stone that was for years among the most beautiful private residences in the South. Here he died, and in the course of time the property fell into the hands of strangers and within the re- eent months, after several visitations of fire, was demolished. A period of railroad building was inaugurated during his last years and, sound business man that he was, he realized that the future prosperity of the section de pended in a large measure upon the encourage ment of this industry. But for his support and persistent confidence, the Montgomery and West Point railroad would have been aban doned, owing particularly to the financial panic that grew out of the State bank failure. He had migrated from Georgia to the Canebrake region of what was then the Mississippi terri tory and later, Alabama, being the first of the Georgia planters to pass beyond the Creek na tion to the rich lands of a virgin region, carry ing their families and their slaves. This same independence and daring characterized his sub sequent career. His death, in the prime of manhood, took from the state one of its fore most citizens. Married: Elizabeth Ware, sis ter of Dr. Robert J. Ware and of Colonel James H. Ware of Montgomery County. She survived him, and some years after his death married Col. Edmund Harrison. Major Cowles left no children, and his estate was divided between his widow and the children of his younger and only brother, Dr. John A. Cowles, and his only sister, Mrs. Martha Cowles Sheaur, wife of Gen. Gilbert Sheaur. Last residence: Mont gomery. COX, ADDIE ESTELLE, Baptist missionary and teacher, was born October 24, 1885, at 'Carrollton, Pickens County; daughter of John Wyley and Frances Roan (Eddins) Cox, the former a native of Philadelphia, Miss., who later lived at Carrollton, and held a county of fice; granddaughter of Thomas Boiling and Lucy Stribling (Clarke) Cox, of Petersburg, Va., and of William and Salina (Trimmier) Clarke, of Spartanburg, S. C, and later of Pickensville ; great-granddaughter of Banister and Rebecca (Cavanaugh) Cox, who lived at Petersburg, Va., were descended from John and Pocahontas Rolfe, and also descended from the Reverend Mr. Banister, who was probably the first Eng lish missionary from the Church of England to America, and who laid out Petersburg, Va., and of Obediah and Lucy (Walton) Trimmier, the Eormer a native of Virginia and of French par entage, an officer in the Revolutionary Army; neighbor and intimate friend in South Carolina of "Horse Shoe Robinson," of the Revolutionary Army. Miss Cox attended the public schools of Carrollton, and graduated at the Alabama cen tral female college, Tuscaloosa, 1905, and from the Woman's missionary union training school, Louisville, Ky., 1913. She taught from 1905 to 1911 in her alma mater, Tuscaloosa, and in Jef ferson and Pickens Counties; pastor's assistant, First Baptist church, Birmingham, 1913; field worker for the Alabama Woman's missionary union, 1914-18; appointed by the Southern Baptist convention as missionary to the interior of China, July, 1918, and in eight months' study at the girls' school, Pekin, China, had so mastered that language that she was appointed acting principal of the girls' school at Kaifeng, China, which she now occupies. She is unmar ried. Residence: Carrollton. COX, HENRY W., lawyer, was killed May 3, 1863, at Chancellorsville, Va. He first saw military service in the War of 1812, in which he enlisted as a private. His early educa tional opportunities were limited, but he suc ceeded over many difficulties in getting to the bar. He practiced law in Coosa County, and was sent to the State legislature from the county in 1851. He was a Whig, but believed firmly in States Rights. As early as 1851, he was a secessionist in feeling. In 1860, he ad vocated secession direct, and was a candidate for the convention, but was defeated. Early in the War of Secession, June 17, 1861, he enlisted in the C. S. Army, and was sent to Pensacola. He returned soon afterward, helped raise a company of which he was elected second lieu tenant and a Mr. Bradford captain. The com pany was attached to the Twelfth Alabama in fantry regiment, as Co. B. On Capt. Bradford's resignation, Mr. Cox was promoted to cap tain, September 5, 1862. In one of the battles of Virginia, he was wounded in the mouth, and returned home for recovery. His age, nearly fifty years, and the care of a mother and two sisters were presented to him by friends as reasons why he should remain at home. As soon as he had recovered, however, he returned to his post, and in the battle of Chancellorsville, while leading his company in a charge, he was killed. He was never mar ried. Last residence: Coosa County. COX, JAMES MONROE, educator, was born February 26, 1860, at Fredonia; son of John Wesley and Martha Cox. Rev. Dr. Cox grad uated A. B., from Clarke university, Atlanta, Ga., 1884; and graduated from Gammon theo logical seminary, Atlanta. Ga., 1886, receiving from the latter institution in 1898 the honorary 408 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY degree of D. D. He has been a member of the Little Rock conference, Methodist Episcopal church, and president of Philander Smith col lege, Little Rock, Ark., since 1896. He is a Republican. Married: September 20, 1887, to Hattie W. Robinson, of Macon, Ga. Residence: Little Rock, Ark. COX, W. J. E., missionary Baptist minister, living in 1913. Residence: Birmingham. COX, WILLIAM MANNING, Methodist min ister, was born February 11, 1857, at Yorkville, Pickens County; son of Dr. Silas Hill and Mary Elizabeth (Burdine) Cox, the former born near Pickensville, Pickens County, prac ticed medicine at Yorkville, minister in Ala bama conference, Methodist Episcopal church, South, from 1852 until his death in 1904; grandson of Robert Plummer and Margaret (Basket) Cox, who were married in 1803, in Pendleton District, S. C, and in 1819 came to Pickens County, lived near Pickensville, and of James T. and Mary (Martin) Burdine, who lived at Yorkville. Rev. Mr. Cox was educated in public and private schools at Citronelle, and at Southern university, Greensboro. He was licensed in 1877, at Greensboro, as a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, and at the close of 1878 joined the Alabama confer ence, and is now presiding elder of the Mont gomery district. He is a Mason. Married: (1) December 24, 1882, to Nellie Alderman, who died November 4, 1898; (2) August 16, 1905, to Fannie Duskin, of Montgomery. Children by first wife: 1. Floyd Wightman, lives in Amarillo, Tex.; 2. Annie Rourke, teacher; 3. Carl S., principal of town school, Mulberry, Fla.; by second wife: 1. Frances; 2. Elizabeth. Residence : Montgomery. COXE, ROBERT EDWARD, druggist, was born in New York, N. Y., about 1820 and died in Montgomery, 1868; son of Coxe and Agnes O'Ferrell, his wife, natives of Ireland; was left an orphan at ten. years of age, by the death of both parents, of yellow fever, in New Orleans; was adopted and educated by a Mr. McGrane, of Mobile; on reaching manhood, established a drug business in Montgomery, under the name Coxe and Coster. He was a Democrat and a Catholic. Married: about 1841, Harriet Eleanor Perkins, of Tuscaloosa, who died in Montgomery, 1856. Children: Annie Eliza, d. in Montgomery, m. William Knox, jr. Last residence: Montgomery. COYLE, JAMES EDWIN, Catholic priest, was born March 23, 1873, at Westpark Drum, County of Roscommon, Ireland; son of Owen and Margaret Letitia (Durney) Coyle, natives of the County of Roscommon, Ireland, who lived near Athlone, in that county, where the former was head master of the government national schools, for many years, until he was retired on pension. His ancestors were prom inent as educators, holding positions as teachers and professors in many state and re ligious schools and colleges in Ireland. They were uncompromising opponents of English rule, and took part in every attempt to over throw that rule. During the insurrection of 1798, the families of Coyle and Durney threw in their lot with the United Irishmen and the other patriotic societies which rose in rebel lion. When the insurrection was crushed, their estates were confiscated, and two of Father Coyle's great-great-granduncles died on the scaffold, martyrs to the cause. His early education was obtained from his father's school. He attended Mungret College, Lim erick, Ireland, 1888-1893, and followed the course of the now defunct Royal University of Ireland. After graduating at Mungret, he at tended the Collegia Americano del Nord, and the Propaganda University, Rome, Italy. He finished his education there in 1896, and on May 26 of that same year was ordained a Catholic priest by Cardinal Parrocchi, at St. John Lateran's Basilica, Rome, Italy. His first mission was at the Cathedral of the Immacu late Conception at Mobile. He next became rector of McGill Institute, a Catholic high school in Mobile, and then was situated as rector of St. Paul's church at Birmingham. He was made irremovable rector of that church in 1913. He is an Independent in politics, and is a chaplain of the Knights of Columbus. He has contributed fugitive essays and poems to Catholic publications and to the local secu lar press. He is editor of "The Catholic Monthly," a monthly magazine published in the interest of the Catholic Church in north Alabama. Residence: Birmingham. COZART, TOCCOA PAGE, author and edu cator, was born August 31, 1855, at Atlanta, Fulton County, Ga.; daughter of Wiley Person Mangum and Hannah Page (Maclntyre) Co- zart; grand-daughter of Hubbard and Ann (Turner) Cozart, of Atlanta, Ga.; grand daughter of Dr. Peter and Ann Crossland (Seale) Maclntyre, Montgomery. An early American ancestor was Jacques Cossart, a French Huguenot who landed in New Amster dam in 1662, and was made treasurer of the colony under Peter Stuyvesant and also under the British. His descendants participated in the battle of Alamance, in North Carolina, the event prior to Lexington in the struggle for American independence. The family is re motely related to Anthony Crozart, governor of the province of Louisiana under Louis XIV. Toccoa Page Cozart was educated in the private schools of Troy and Montgomery, and the Pres byterian college of Troy; graduated at Flor ence normal college, 1893; at Cook County nor mal, Chicago, 1893, Summer School of the South, Knoxville, Tenn., 1903, and Alabama polytechnic institute, Auburn, 1901. She taught in the Ramer high school, 1891; Troy public schools, 1893; Montgomery public schools, 1894-97; preparatory school for Alabama Poly technic institute, 1899-1900; Aberdeen, Miss., 1902-04. She engaged in newspaper work on the "Montgomery Times" 1910-13; was histor ian of the Ladies' memorial association, Mont gomery, for a term; designed the monument erected in 1913 on Chickamauga battlefield by the association; former historian of Sophie Bibb chapter, United Daughters of the Con federacy. She is a member of Daughters of SAMUEL S. BROADUS DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 411 the American Revolution; Alabama historical society; Woman's Christian Temperance Un ion; charter member of the Presbyterian Church, Troy; member of Montgomery School Improvement Association. Author: Sketch of Henry Hilliard, in Volume IV, Transactions Ala bama Historical Society; and of the words of The Bonnie Flag, adopted by the general United Daughters of the Confederacy as the children's song of patriotism, and incorporated in the general program of each Southern State for use by the Children of the Confederacy, 1909. Unmarried. Residence: Montgomery. COZBY, ROBERT, soldier of the American Revolution, age not given, a resident of Lowndes County; private Revolutionary Army; enrolled on May 15, 1821; payment to date from February 14, 1821; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $245.06; acts military establishment. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. CRABB, GEORGE W., lawyer, representative in congress, was born February 22, 1802, in Botetourt County, Va., and died August 15, 1846, at Philadelphia, Pa. He spent his child hood in Tennessee, and came in early man hood to Alabama, settling in Tuscaloosa. He read law there and was admitted to the bar. He was elected assistant secretary of the State senate, and in 1829, was elected comptroller of the treasury of the state over John C. Perry of Dallas County. In 1836, at the out break of the Indian War in Florida, he served in a twelve months' campaign as lieutenant- colonel of a regiment raised in Alabama. On his return, he was elected major general of militia, and the same year was sent to the State senate. In 1838, he was brought forward by the Whig party as a candidate to fill the vacancy in congress created by the death of Judge Joab Lawler, in opposition to Harvey W. Ellis, esq., the Democratic candidate. Gen. Crabb was elected by a small majority, and in 1839, at the regular election, was re-elected over the same candidate. In 1841, under the general ticket system, he was defeated. In 1844, he withdrew his allegiance from the Whig party and became a Democrat. He moved to Mobile, and in 1845 was appointed judge of the criminal court of that city. Declining health induced him to spend the winter of that year in Havana, Cuba, and the next summer, during a visit to Philadelphia, Pa., he died, August 15. He was a brother of Hon. Thomas D. Crabb, of Morgan County, and of Judge Henry Crabb, who served many years on the bench of the supreme court of Tennessee. Mar ried: Miss Inge, a sister of Hon. William M. Inge, of Sumter County. Child: a daughter, m. Prof. Pratt, at one time a member of the faculty of the University of Alabama. Last residence: Mobile. CRABB, THOMAS D., member of the consti tutional convention, 1819, from Cotaco, now in Morgan County. CRAFT, EZEKIEL, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 72, and a resdent of Madison Vol. Ill— 27 County; private, dragoon and drummer S. C. Continental Line and Militia; enrolled on De cember 31, 1832, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $93.33; sums received to date of publication of list, $279.99. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Madi son County, June 1, 1840, aged 77. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. CRAFT, JOHN, merchant and State senator, was born May 20, 1847, in New Orleans, La., son of John Craft of that city. He was edu cated in the public schools; member of the city council of Mobile, 1874 to 1876, and from 1893 to 1901. He is a strong advocate of good roads and is president of the Alabama good roads association, and also holds membership in a number of civic and commercial organiza tions. He is a merchant and was elected to the State senate 1918, for a term of four years. He is a Presbyterian; and a Democrat. Mar ried: June 1, 1880, at Mobile, Marie Victoria Guesnard. Residence: Mobile. CRAIG, BENJAMIN HOGAN, lawyer and leg islator, was born April 27, 1835, at Cahaba, Dallas County, and died July 10, 1907, at Selma; son of James D. and Elvira Susan (Berry) Craig (q. v.). He attended the schools of Cahaba until he was seventeen years of age, then entered Oglethorpe college, Milledgeville, Ga., from which he was graduated in 1856 with the degree of A. B. Immediately after gradu ation, he began the study of law at Cahaba un der Gayle and Williams, and in 1857 was ad mitted to the bar, and practiced his profes sion in Cahaba until his removal to Selma in 1867. In January, 1887, he formed a law part nership with his brother, Hon. George H. Craig. In November, 1863, he was appointed register in chancery and held this office until November, 1898. He was the only Democratic officer re tained during the reconstruction period, and also the only one when the new constitution went into effect. He was a member of the legis lature, 1900-1901, and a member of the con stitutional convention, 1901. "His ability and judgment and absolute honesty gave him high standing as a member of the legislature and as a member of the Constitutional Convention." In May, 1862, he enlisted in the 42nd Alabama infantry regiment on its organization, and was made its quartermaster sergeant. He was with the regiment in the* seige of Vicksburg. His wife was on a visit to him in Vicksburg when the Federal Army invested the place and hence was with him during all that memorable seige. In November, 1863, he was retired from the army on account of disabilities. He was a Presbyterian. Married: (1) in December, 1856, to Eliza, the daughter of James Harper and Sallie Tucker, who lived at Milledgeville, Ga.; (2) in 1870, in Selma, to Laura, daughter of Capt. John Weeden; (3) June 3, 1885, in Selma, to Cola, daughter of Col. James and Frances (Dowell) Barr, the former came to Mississippi from Brooklyn, N. Y., when only fourteen years of age, and was a member of the Jackson marble works in the city of Jackson, 412 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY enlisted as a first lieutenant in the 10th Mis sissippi infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and rose by successive promotion to the colonelcy of the regiment, was killed at the battle of Kennesaw Mountain, and had two brothers in the service of the Confederacy; granddaughter of James and Ruth (Smith) Barr, the former born in 1777 in Renfroe, Scotland, emigrated to America, where he was a worker in marble, and of William Henry and Susan (Benthall) Dow ell, of Wilkins County, Tenn., and the great- granddaughter of Peter Barr, who was born in 1759, in Renfroe, Scotland. Cola Barr was born in Jackson, Miss., March 17, 1861. She was educated in Jackson, Miss., under Misses Mary and Fannie Moseley and after their death under Miss Ethel Baird. She graduated as valedictorian from the Fairlawn institute in Jackson, June 3, 1870. She is a Presbyterian and primary superintendent; was president of the United charities for several years; is first vice-president of Daughters of the Confederacy of the State of Alabama and president of Memorial association. She is the author of two books. "Was she?" and "By contract." Chil dren: by first marriage, 1. James H., banker in Butte County, Nebraska; 2. daughter, m. H. M. Tanner; 3. daughter, m. R. B. McAlpine; 4. George; children by third wife; 5. Benjamin H. jr.; 6. Cola Barr. Last residence: Selma. CRAIG, MRS. COLA BARR, author and club woman, born March 17th at Jackson, Hinds County, Miss.; daughter of Col. James and Frances (Donnell) Barr, the former a native of New York state, who early in life moved with his parents to Jackson, Miss., and during the War of Secession served in C. S. Army, as colonel of the 10th Mississippi in fantry regiment and was killed at Kenesaw Mountain; granddaughter of James and Mar garet (Smith) Barr, of Patchogue, Long Is land, and of William H. and Susan (Benthal) Donnell, natives of Wilson County, Tenn., who resided at Jackson, Miss., many years. Mrs. Craig is a descendent of Capt. John Donnell, of Mecklenburg County, N. C. known as the fighting parson during colonial times, and of John Benthal, a private in the Revolutionary Army. She was educated at "Fair Lawn Insti tute," Jackson, Miss., graduating in 1879. Mrs. Craig has been president of the United Daugh ters of the Confederacy, of the Memorial Asso ciation, of the United Charities of Selma, vice- president Anti-Suffrage association of United Daughters of Confederacy; county chairman State council of defense, and was chairman Dallas county committee on food conservation and production, during the European War. She was one of the originators of the move ment which resulted in the first hospital in Selma, owned by the United Charities. She is a member of the Ossian Club, a literary organi zation, and secretary-treasurer of the "Scrib blers," the first organized writers club in Ala bama. She is a Presbyterian; and a Democrat. Author: "Was-She," and "The Contrast," the latter in preparation, and of numerous short stories and poems. Married: Benjamin H. Craig (q. v.). Children: 1. Benjamin H., jr., lawyer, m., Emma Vaughn, Selma; 2. Cola Barr, m. G. J. Jackson, Rembert. Residence: Selma. CRAIG, GEORGE HENRY, lawyer, repre sentative in congress, was born December 26, 1845, at Cahaba, Dallas County; son of James D. and Elvira Susan (Berry) Craig (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools at Cahaba until he was sixteen years old, when he entered the C. S. Army, becoming commis sary sergeant of Col. William M.Byrd's regi ment of ninety-day volunteers. After a few months in the service, he returned home and entered the University of Alabama as a stu dent and military cadet He was promoted while there to a first lieutenancy of infantry, the Alabama cadets being a part of the State army, and was twice ordered into service with the cadets, serving with the Confederate troops at Mobile, Pollard, and Blakely. He com manded a company in the fight with Gen. Crox- ton at Tuscaloosa. After the war, he moved to Selma and read law in the office of White & Portis. He was licensed by the chancery court at Selma in 1867, and later by the state supreme court and the U. S. supreme court He was elected solicitor of Dallas County in 1867, but was restrained by military order from entering that office. In 1869, he was appointed sheriff by Gov. Smith, and held the office for a year, when he was elected judge of the criminal court of Dallas County. He held that position until 1874; was appointed by Gov. Lewis, judge of the first judicial cir cuit of Alabama; was elected to that office for a term of six years, November, 1874; was elected to congress on the Republican ticket, from the fourth district of Alabama, 1882, but as his seat was contested, was not able to take his seat in congress until two years after the election; was re-elected in 1884, but was counted out. He was appointed U. S. attorney for northern and middle Alabama, by President Arthur, and held the position until displaced by the Cleveland administration From that time on, he devoted himself to his legal prac tice as senior member of the firm of Craig & Craig. He was appointed a member of the board of visitors to West Point Military Acad emy by President Cleveland, 1895. He is a Republican; a Presbyterian; and a Mason. Married: April 8, 1868, Sarah Alvena White, daughter of Judge John and Mary Jane (Fin- ley) White, of Cahaba, the former captain and quartermaster of the Fifth Alabama regi ment, was captured at Gettysburg, and im prisoned on Johnson's Island, a lawyer and brother of Hon. Alexander White, who was twice a member of congress, and chief justice of the supreme court of Utah territory; grand daughter of John White, judge of the circuit and supreme courts of Alabama in the early days of the state, and of Alva Finley, a mem ber of the Alabama legislature. Children: 1. Alvena, m. R. 0. Blakey, Fresno, Calif.; 2. John White, a graduate of West Point, 1894, second lieutenant, U. S. Cavalry, 1899, captain, Twelfth U. S. cavalry; 3. Mary, m. H. H. Stewart, jr., Selma; 4. William Benjamin, law yer, member of the firm of Craig & Craig, mem ber of Sixtieth and Sixty-first U. S. congresses. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 413 m. Irene K. Craig, Selma; 6. Bruce Kilpatrick, m. Henrietta Mueller, Selma. Residence: Selma. CRAIG, JAMES D., lawyer, was born De cember 2, 1800, in Chester District, S. C, and died February, 1882, in Fresno, Calif.; son of James and Jaen (Kilpatrick) Craig, the former a native of County Antrim, Ireland, who came to this country when he was sixteen years old, located in Chester District, S. C, where he was married, after some years moved to Ten nessee near Duck River, moved from there to Dallas County, where he settled near Craig's Ferry on the Cahaba River, eight miles from Selma, shortly after Alabama became a state, was captain of a Tennessee volunteer company, Jackson's army, in the War of 1812, and served in the Creek and Seminole Wars; grandson of Robert and Katy Craig, Scotch coventers, who removed to County Antrim, Ireland, where they lived some years, then sold their estate and sailed with their children for America, the former died and was buried at sea, while the latter, with her five children, landed at Charles ton, S. C, and purchased a plantation in Ches ter District; and grandson of Robert Kilpatrick, who lived near Chester District, S. C, and was an American soldier in the Revolution. Judge Craig's schooling was limted to a few years in the country schools of Tennessee and Ala bama, but while at work on his father's farm and in his blacksmith's shop, he spent much of his spare time in reading and study. He taught in a country school for a year, then moved to Selma and for several years clerked in a dry goods store. He was employed as a clerk in the U. S. land office at Cahaba, then the capital of the state, and some years after was elected clerk of the county court of Dallas County. He served several terms in that office, during which time he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1835 or 1836. He began to practice law at Cahaba, served twelve years as probate judge of the county, and was mayor of Cahaba for many years. In 1868 he moved to Selma, and in 1874 to San Francisco, Calif. After moving to California, he was appointed court commissioner of that state and held the position at his death. During the War of Secession, while on a visit to his son, Ben jamin H. Craig, of the Forty-second Alabama regiment, at Vicksburg, Miss., he went through the entire seige, and was furnished by Gen. Grant with an ambulance and team to convey him where he could reach the railroad for home. He was a member of the Whig party until after the war, then voted with the Demo cratic party. He was an elder in the Presby terian church forty years. Married: October 25, 1832, Elvira Susan Berry, born March 15, 1813, in Mississippi, who lived in Wilkerson, Miss. Children: 1. Louisiana, deceased, m. H. I. F. Coleman, deceased; 2. Benjamin Hogan, deceased, register of the chancery court for more than ten years, m. Cola B. Craig, Selma; 3. Sarah, m. Dr. H. S. Hudson, both deceased; 4. William, deceased, a captain in the Twenty- eighth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, pro moted from, the ranks for gallantry, was cap tured at Missionary Ridge, escaped from his guards on his way to prison by leaping from a train, made his way through enemy territory to his home, rejoined his regiment, was wounded at Atlanta in a charge on the Federal works, recovered, rejoined his regiment and surrendered with Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's army, was elected to the State legislature, and moved to San Francisco, m. Ruth Craig, San Francisco; 5. Ellen, m. Mr. Robinson, Berkeley, Calif.; 6. George H. (q. v.); 7. Ida, m. George M. Edmunds, Fresno, Calif.; 8. James H., Fresno, Calif.; 9. Lela, Honolulu, Hawaii. Last residence: Fresno, Calif. CRAIG, JOHN, soldier of the American Revo lution, aged 75, resided in Limestone County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, p. 148. CRAIG, JOHN, soldier of the American Revo lution, aged 71, and a resident of Limestone County; private Virginia Militia; enrolled on January 24, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $28.34. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. CRAIG, WILLIAM, lawyer, was born January 17, 1840, at Cahaba, and died in January, 1910, in San Francisco, Calif.; son of James D. and Elvira Susan (Kilpatrick) Craig, of Chester District, S. O, who removed to Alabama, where the former was clerk in the U. S. land office at Cahaba, afterward mayor of Cahaba and pro bate judge of Dallas County. He was educated in the Cahaba academy; graduated from Ogle thorpe college, Georgia, A. M., in 1860; and from law department of the University of Virginia, B. L., 1868. In 1861, he enlisted in the Cahaba rifles, 5th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army; was in the first battle of Manassas; later was a member of Co. I, 28th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, under command of Gen. Pettus, at the battle of Mis sionary Ridge; at the battle of Atlanta, pro moted to captaincy for gallantry on the field; surrendered with Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, in North Carolina, 1865. He was a member of the Alabama legislature, 1866-67. In 1868, he removed to San Francisco, Cal., where he prac ticed law until his death. He was a Demo crat; and a Presbyterian. Married: in 1873, to Ruth Thompson, whose father represented Virginia in congress, whose mother was a sister of Jubal A. Early, natives of Virginia who removed to California before the War of Secession. Children: 1. Jubal Early; 2. William B.; 3. Robert; 4. Donald; 5. Olive. Last residence: San Francisco, Calif. CRAIGHEAD, ERWIN, journalist and author, was born April 4, 1852, at Nashville, Tenn.; son of James B. and Ellen Kirkman (Erwin) Craighead; descendant of Rev. Alex ander Craighead, of Mecklenburg, N. C, an evangelist of American liberty. He attended Racine College, Wisconsin, and was graduated, B. Lift, from the University of Nashville, Ten nessee. He was a post graduate student in law at Middle Temple, Inns of Court, London, England, and in philosopsy at University of Leipsic, Germany. The degree of LL. D. was 414 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY conferred upon him by the University of Ala bama, 1906. He studied law and was admitted to the bar of Tennessee, 1877, but never prac ticed. He turned his attention to journalism, and in 1878 moved to New Orleans, La., where for two years, he was on the staff of the New Orleans "Times," as music critic and editorial writer. He was managing editor of the New Orleans "Daily States," 1880-1882, then became connected with the Mobile "Register" in the capacity of city editor. He held the latter position for two years, became managing editor of that paper in 1884, has been its vice presi dent since 1889 and its editor since 1893. He has been a member of the state board of edu cation of Alabama since 1904, has been a mem ber of the state board for normal schools for white students since 1911, was formerly presi dent of the Mobile Commercial Club, of the Mobile Symphony Orchestra, of the board of control of the Conference for Education in the South, of the State Normal School Board, and is president of the Iberville Historical So ciety, and of the Father Ryan Monument Asso ciation. He is a member of the joint commit tee on rivers and harbors, of the Mobile Cot ton Exchange, and of the Chamber of Com merce. He is a Democrat and attends the Episcopal church. Married: December 12, 1878, Lura Harris (q. v.), daughter of Maj. W. Hooper Harris, of Nashville. Children: Frank, b. 1879, in New Orleans, La., m. 1909, Florence T. Roper, of Mobile. Residence: Mo bile. CRAIGHEAD, LURA (HARRIS), civic and patriotic worker, author, parliamentarian, pres ident Alabama federation women's clubs, was born January 17, 1858, at Nashville, Davidson County, Tenn.; daughter of Major William Hooper and Frances Virginia (Martin) Harris, the former one of the first volunteers from Davidson County, Tenn., in the Confederate army serving first as lieutenant in Co. A, 1st battalion, Tennessee cavalry, transferred to Gen. Joseph Wheeler's cavalry, and promoted to rank of major, being made chief quartermaster and a member of Wheeler's staff, afterwards quartermaster of Humes' brigade, had part in several hard fought campaigns in Wheeler's division, a commission as colonel was made out for him just prior to the close of the war, but it never reached him, was slightly wounded once, captured and in prison once, before the iwar was engaged in the wholesale grocery business in Nashville, afterwards for several years was at the head of a large business in New York City, later was engaged in the cot ton brokerage business in Nashville, and died at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Erwin Craighead, Mobile, August 11, 1908, aged seven ty-three; granddaughter of Nathan and Janet (Lowry) Harris, the former a distinguished surgeon, and for many years in the employ of the U. S. government at the Cherokee Indian agency, in Tennessee, and of Dr. Charles Ken- nan Venable and Frances Holder (Williams) Martin of Nashville, Tenn.; great-great-grand daughter of Robert and Mary (Venable) Mar tin, the former of King and Queen County, Va., located and married, later, in Prince Ed ward County, served in both the French and Indian war and the War of the Revolution, and one of the founders of Methodism in Vir ginia, of Richard Kennon, a member of the provincial congress from Chatham County, 1775, and was re-elected, 1779, assisted in estab lishing a regular government, resting entirely on popular authority, instead of the royal gov ernment, and annihilated every vestige of the power of the last royal governor of North Caro lina, and a signer of the Mecklenburg Declara tion of Independence, of Jesse Williams, one of the first to enlist from Culpeper County, in the war of 1776, held the rank of captain, and was in the battles of Great Bridge, Long Island, Harlem Heights, and the siege of Bos ton, and of John Holder, closely identified with Colonel Callaway in his Kentucky career, mar ried his daughter Frances, the Frances Calla way, who, with her sister, Elizabeth, and Jemi ma Boone, daughter of Daniel, was captured by a roving band of Indians, July 14, 1776, while paddling about in a canoe on the Ken tucky River just below the fort of Boones- borough, the young women being rescued by a party in which were included the three young men to whom they were betrothed, John Holder being one; great-great-great-granddaughter of Charles Venable, a descendant of William Vena ble, Duke of Vernon, and of French origin, and of Richard Callaway, one of those bold delegates who were called together just outside the fort of Boonesborough to organize the gov ernment of Transylvania, which, "short lived as it was, displayed the mettle of its founders and contained the germ of that independence that became the full grown plant in the famous Philadelphia declaration the year following," who signed the Transylvania Declaration of Independence, May 23, 1775, captain in the French and Indian wars prior to 1758, one of the trustees to lay out the town of New Lon don, Va., and one of two commissioners to mark and make the first public road over the Cum berland Mountains into Kentucky County, jus tice of the peace, Kentucky County, 1776, mem ber house of burgesses from the same county, April, 1777, re-elected 1779, one of the most valiant defenders of Boonesborough at all times and especially in the Duquesne Siege, 1778, killed by Indians in ambush, March, 1780, of Robert and Mourning (Glenn) Harris, the for mer a member of the house of burgesses from Hanover, surveyor for Louisa County, Va., jus tice of the peace, moved to Albemarle County and became large land owner from grant and purchase, colonel in the Albemarle militia, lived in Brown's Cove; great-great-great-great- great-granddaughter of Robert and Mary (Clai borne) Rice-Harris, 1630-1701, the former came from the town of Harrisonton, Glamor gan, Wales, about 1650, and settled on the James River in Virginia, married Mary Clai borne Rice, daughter of Sir William Claiborne, and great-great-great-great-great-great-grand daughter of Sir William and Elizabeth (But ler) Claiborne. Mrs. Craighead received her early education in Miss Mary Dunn's private school, Nashville, Tenn., attended the public schools of New York City, and Ward's sem inary, Nashville, Tenn., and graduated from DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 415 the Patapsco institute, Baltimore, Md. She is a charter member, and first vice-president of the board of directors of the Alabama boys' industrial school, appointed by Gov. Joseph Johnston; charter member of the Daughters of the American Revolution; past president, Mobile art league and school, 1897-99, the Mo bile Reading club, Alabama federation women's clubs, 1899-1900, Mobile Shakespeare club, Mo bile city and county school improvement asso ciation, St. Cecilia chorus, Clara Schumann club, 1894-95; president for the past twelve years of the Benevolent home for aged and dependent women; chairman, Mobile council of defense, woman's division; past chairman, Mobile illiteracy campaign, 1916; member of the committee on school improvement, Ala bama federation of women's clubs from 1905, when it was organized, until it asked to be discharged, 1911, having completed its mission and introduced organized effort in each of the sixty-seven counties of the state; led two cam paigns in Mobile for the retention of kinder gartens in the public school system of that city; member of the War Camp community service during the European war, and of the Suffrage association; now and for many years, member of the legislative committee of the Alabama federation of women's clubs, and particularly active in the effort to secure a law regulating child labor, resulting in one of the best child labor laws in the United States. In addition to the foregoing, Mrs. Craighead has worked and spoken throughout the state on civic, educational and patriotic subjects. Author: "Lessons on parliamentary law," a text book and manual; leaflet, "Instant answer to everyday questions on parliamentary law;" a pamphlet, "All the pros and cons concern ing child-labor," used as campaign propaganda by the Alabama and Georgia federations of women's clubs; in preparation, "History of Alabama federation of women's clubs," besides numerous newspaper articles and circulars in the interest of educational institutions, better laws, and philanthropic, civic and patriotic enterprises. She is a Democrat and Episco palian. Married: in 1878, in Nashville, Tenn., Erwin Craighead (q. v.). Children: 1. Frank, m. Florence Turner Roper, Nodena, Mississippi County, Ark. Residence: Mobile. CRAIK, GEORGE WILLIAM, banker, born April 23, 1834, at Charleston, Kanawha County, W. Va., and died April 19, 1898, at Hazel Hedge, Montgomery; son of Dr. James and Juliet (Shrewsbury) Craik, the former a native of Alexandria, Va., who later lived at "Kena- wha," Louisville, Ky., rector for thirty-eight years of Christ church, Louisville, Ky., presi dent of the General convention of the Episco pal church, 1862-74, author of The divine life and Search after truth; grandson of George Washington and Maria Dorcas (Tucker) Craik, of Alexandria, Va., and of Samuel Shrewsbury of Kanawha County, Va. ; great- grandson of Dr. James Craik, a native of Ar- bigland, near Dumfries, Scotland, who immi grated to America in 1750 and upon the organ ization of the provincial regiments of Virginia, in 1754, was appointed surgeon. When young George Washington succeeded to the leadership of the regiment, a life-time friendship began. Dr. Craik was with Washington during Brad- dock's campaign, and in 1755 when he was ap pointed to the command of the Virginia pro vincial army, Dr. Craik remained his chief medical officer. In 1770 he accompanied Wash ington upon the first of the two adventurous trips into the western wild. In April, 1777, he became assistant surgeon general of the army and in 1780 chief physician and surgeon of the Continental Army. His letter of warning to General Washington, exposing the Conway Ca bal, forms one of the most interesting docu ments in the history of the period. At the close of the Revolutionary War, Dr. Craik re tired to his home near Mount Vernon and con tinued his intimate friendship with his former chief and attended him in his last illness. His was the hand that closed the eyes of the dead Washington, and in his will is found a testi monial of his friendship for his physician and neighbor, the bequest being as follows: "To my compatriot in arms and old and intimate friend, Dr. Craik, I give my Tambour Secre tary and the circular chair, an appendage of my study." George William Craik was edu cated in private schools, and in White Plains, N. Y. Later he traveled in Eu rope, and made a study of the old world history. While his career compelled him to live the life of the normal business man, his deeper love of the cultural and spiritual side was recognized by the community in which he lived. He was president of the Mobile and Montgomery railroad in 1882; sec retary of the South and North railroad from 1885 until his death; vice-president of the First national bank, Montgomery; second president and founder of the Montgomery country club. He was' an Episcopalian and a Knight Tem plar. Married: January 27, 1875, in Montgom ery, to Jennie Patton, daughter of Dr. William Owen and Mary (Martin) Baldwin (q. v.) ; grand-daughter of Judge Abram Martin, and great-niece of Gov. Benjamin Fitzpatrick (q. v.). Children: 1. Mary Martin, m. Buckner Speed, New York; 2. Juliet Shrewsbury, m. Dr. Charles Teed Pollard, Montgomery; 3. Jean, m. William Nash Read, Montgomery; 4. Cecile, Paris, France. Last residence: Montgomery. CRAM, DANIEL HOUSTON, civil engineer, soldier and president of railroad, was born Au gust 11, 1829, at Hanover, N. H, and died March 31, 1881; son of John Shepard and Cla- rinda (Gregg) Cram, the former born at Parks Hollow, South Acworth, N. H., lived there, and at Hanover, N. H., where all his children were born; the grandson of Hilliard and Sarah (Gove) Cram, and of Joseph Gregg. The for mer family, Von Cramm, being of the race of Wends, of Slavic tribe, powerful in the sixth century in Northern and Eastern Germany, the family belonging to the oldest and most highly regarded families in the county of Brunswick, having always been related by marriage to many of the noble families of Northern Ger many, members of the family yet being landed proprietors in the Duchy of Brunswick. D. H. Cram received his primary education at Moore 416 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY academy, Hanover; in 1843 entered Dartmouth college, and during vacation practiced civil en gineering under direction of his uncle, Joseph L. Gregg. On May 26th, 1847, he was appoint ed by President Polk, to a second lieutenancy in the Ninth infantry, United States army, was under command of General Winfield Scott in the Mexican War; served in the campaign re sulting in the capture of the City of Mexico, being wounded at Contreras, resigned his of fice and resumed the practice of civil engin eering in Vermont, then on the Atlanta and West Point railroad of Georgia, and the Ala bama and Florida railroad of Alabama; was appointed in 1856 as assistant superintendent, and in 1858 as chief engineer and general su perintendent, of the Montgomery and West Point railroad of Alabama, held this position during twelve years; resigned July 1, 1870, to accept the presidency of the Pensacola' and Louisville railroad of Florida. Married: Feb ruary 11, 1857, to Clementina Rebecca, daugh ter of Col. Lorenzo and Eliza (Scott) James (q. v.), who lived in Lowndes County. Children: 1. Eliza Scott, m. Edward Woodruff White, re sides in Cincinnati, O.; 2. Clara Gregg, de ceased; 3. Clementina Rebecca, m. John P. Kohn, resides in Montgomery. Last residence: Montgomery. CRAMPTON, ORSON LUCIUS, physician; graduate of Bellevue, 1865, commenced the practice in 1878. Residence: Mobile. CRANE, MAYFIELD, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 67, and a resident of Pickens County; private S. C. State troops; enrolled on April 13, 1834, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80. — Revo lutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. CRANE, WILLIAM CAREY, clergyman, col lege president and author, was born March 17, 1816, in Richmond, Va., and died in Independ ence, Tex., February 26, 1885; son of William and Lydia (Dorret) Crane of Richmond, Va., the former born May 9, 1790, was compelled at a very early age to learn a trade, which he fol lowed until 1811, in that year he began mer chandising in Richmond, and was so prosper ous and public spirited, that in time he became one of the most noted Baptists in Richmond and Baltimore, of his children, four sons ac quired distinction' in the religious, literary and political world; grandson of Rufus and Charity (Campbell) Crane, the former a soldier of the Revolution who lost all his property in that contest; great-great-grandson of Azaria and May (Trent) Crane, the latter the daughter of Governor Trent of Connecticut, who success fully withstood Sir Edmund Andros' demand for the charter of the colony which was con cealed in the Charter Oak; great-great-great- grandson of Jasper Crane, who was one of the original settlers of Newark and its first mag istrate. William Cary Crane was fortunate in having unusual educational advantages. He at tended successively the best schools of Rich mond, the Baptist seminary, now Richmond college, Mount Pleasant classical institution, Amherst, Mass., Columbian college, D. C, and Madison university, N. Y. He received his A. B. and A. M. degree from Columbian college, his D. D. from Howard college, and his LL. D. from Baylor university, Tex. His early life was passed in Virginia. On a profession of faith, he was baptized July 27, 1832, by Dr. James B. Taylor. He was licensed to preach by the Second Baptist church of Richmond, of which his father was the founder, and on September 23, 1838, in Baltimore, Md., he was ordained to the full work of the ministry. In 1837 he was elected a professor in the Baptist seminary, but declined and spent two years teaching and preaching in Georgia. From Feb ruary, 1839, to January, 1851, he was pastor successively of churches in Montgomery, Co lumbus, Vicksburg and Yazoo City, Miss. He was successively president of the Yazoo classi cal hall, Yazoo, Miss., Mississippi female col lege, Hernando, Miss., Semple Broaddus col lege, Centre Hill, Miss., and Mount Lebanon university, La. On July 3, 1863, he was elected president of Baylor university, Independence, Tex., and held that position until his death. During the many years of his presidency of this university, in surmounting the difficulties with which it was environed, he sacrificed forty thousand dollars of his salary, and about seven thousand dollars from his own means for the various objects connected with the interests of the university. He was often called upon to deliver addresses to Masons, Odd Fellows, and Sons of Temperance. By invitation of the Mis sissippi legislature, he once made an address to that body from the speaker's chair in Jack son. Years later he was accorded a similar honor by the Texas legislature. For twelve years, he was president of the Southern Bap tist convention, and in 1870 was its vice-presi dent. For three years he presided over the Louisiana Baptist State convention and for many years was president of the Texas Baptist State convention. During his entire life as an educator he always had charge of churches, and whenever an opportunity offered itself he preached the gospel, whether from a stump in the forest, or in the elegant churches of New York, Louisville, Richmond and Baltimore. Author: various articles contributed to news papers and periodicals are very numerous, also a large number of sermons and literary ad dresses, "Memoir of Mrs. A. F. Crane," "A Col lection of arguments and opinions on Bap tism," "A Baptist catechism" and a "Life of Sam Houston." He was a member of various scientific and literary associations. He was a Mason, an Odd Fellow, and a Son of Temper ance. Married: (1) Alcesta Flora Galusha of Rochester, N. Y., who was a grand-daughter of Governor Galusha of Vermont; (2) Jane S. Wright, of Rochester, N. Y.; (3) April 26, 1845, Kate Jane Shepherd of Mobile. Last residence: Independence, Tex. CRANFORD, JOHN HARVEY, business man, was born March 12, 1855, near Jasper; son of Chesley Hardy, and Elmartha (Morris) Cran- ford, the former a farmer, who served for four years in the War of Secession; grandson of JUDGE HENRY B. FOSTER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 419 John and Elizabeth (Wilkes) Cranford, and of John Harvey and Catherine (Hubbard) Mor ris, the latter a sister of Hon. David Hubbard of Lawrence County, first Confederate com missioner of Indian affairs. Mr. Cranford at tended the country schools of Walker County; taught for five years; then clerked in a store for a time. He was mayor of Jasper, being nominated by acclamation and elected without opposition, 18A2-1894, and 1904-1906. He is president of the First National Bank of Jasper; president and principal stockholder of the Cranford Mercantile Company; president of the Jasper Water, Light and Power Company; and of the Cranford Coal Company. He is a Dem ocrat, a member of the Christian church, and a Mason. Married: October 18, 1892, at San Antonio, Tex., to Annis Eleanor, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Morris) Lyon, of Barnes- ville, Ga. Residence: Jasper. CRAVEN, T. A., teacher, located in Eufaula, and later removed to Union Springs. De ceased. Last residence: Abbeville. CRAWFORD, BEVERLY, deceased Presby terian minister, mentioned in Nail's "Dead of the Synod of Alabama," 1851. CRAWFORD, DANIEL, public official, was born in North Carolina, and came to Alabama in his youth, about 1833. He was for several years connected with the mills owned by John McNeil in Autauga, and later with the gold diggings at Goldville, Tallapoosa County. He settled at Coosa about 1840, and established himself as a planter and mill owner. He was elected to the State legislature from that county in 1847, serving in that body on the committee of ways and means and in formulating the revenue bill of that year. In 1857 he was sent to the State senate for a term, and in 1865 was elected a delegate to the state constitu tional convention. After he was disfranchised by the reconstruction acts in 1867, he retired to private life. Last residence: Coosa County. CRAWFORD, EUGENE LOWTHER, Metho dist minister, was born January 12, 1871, at Glennville, Barbour County; son of Robert Blakely and Martha Frances (Stephenson) Crawford, who lived at Montgomery, Mobile, Talladega, White Plains, Glennville, Demopo lis, Opelika, and Eufaula, the former a Metho dist preacher, secretary of the Alabama con ference for fifteen years and twice a delegate to the general conference; grandson of Robert Blakely and Olivia (Howard) Crawford, who lived at Smith's Station, Lee County, where their son was born, and of Josiah and Susan (Madison) Stephenson, who were moving to Texas and were probably at Coffeeville, Miss., at the time of their daughter's birth; great- grandson of Josiah and Martha (Green) Stephenson, the latter a relative of Nathaniel Green; great-great-grandson of John Stephen son. He was educated in private and public schools, in Barton Academy, Mobile, and at the Southern University, where he was gradu ated, A. B., 1891. He was licensed to preach by the quarterly conference of the First Metho dist Episcopal church, south, at Eufaula, No vember 30, 1893, and admitted on trial into the Alabama conference in session at Opelika the following December. He has preached at Washington Street church, Eufaula; at Tus kegee; at the Perry Street church, Montgom ery; and at Eutaw; has been presiding elder of Pensacola District, Greensboro, Union Springs, Andalusia and Enterprise; and has been in charge, in Texas, of the Central church at Galveston and the church at Crockett. He has been a traveling elder and assistant secre tary of the Alabama Conference. He is a Democrat, a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity, of the Masons, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, Woodmen of the World, and the Columbian Woodmen. For a time he was chair man of the temperance committee of the Ala bama Conference, was trustee of the Alabama Anti-Saloon League several years, was leader of the movement which gave Bullock County prohibition in 1907, and was associated with the leader of the amendment forces in 1909 in that county; was secretary of the amendment meeting in Birmingham, September, 1909, and of the meeting of amendment forces which met in Montgomery a short time afterward. Mar ried: October 30, 1902, at Tuscaloosa, Martha Gindrat Thorington, who died March 20, 1911, daughter of Judge William S. and Mary Ella (Chilton) Thorington, who lived at Montgom ery. Children: 1. Frances, b. in Crockett, Tex., December 11, 1903; 2. Lucile, b. in Greens boro, August 6, 1905; 3. Martha Stephenson, b. in Union Springs, July 3, 1909. Residence: Enterprise. CRAWFORD, GEORGE GORDON, president of the Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railroad Com pany, was born August 24, 1869, at Madison, Morgan County, Ga.; son of George Gilmore and Margaret Reed (Howard) Crawford, the former born near Jonesboro, Henry County, Ga., who lived at Atlanta, Ga., entered the War of Secession in 1861 as captain of Co. F, Tenth Georgia volunteers, C. S. Army, was made surgeon of the Tenth regiment of Georgia volunteers, was professor of anatomy in At lanta Medical College, and later professor of surgery in the Southern Medical College; grandson of Thomas Shauklin and Alice (Dor- sey) Crawford, who lived near Jonesboro, Henry County, Ga., and of Dr. John Gordon and Margaret (Reed) Howard, of Savannah, Ga. He received his early education at Means high school, Atlanta, Ga., and in Prof. Charles Neel's school, near Atlanta; attended Georgia Military and Agricultural College, Milledge ville, Ga.; was graduated in mechanical en gineering from the Georgia School of Tech nology, B. S., 1890, in the first class to gradu ate from that institution; and was a student, specializing in chemistry, in the Karl-Eberhard university, Tuebingen, Germany, 1891-1892. He became draughtsman in 1892, of the Sloss Iron & Steel Company, Birmingham; was chemist, 1892-1894; engineer, 1894-1895, and assistant superintendent of furnaces, 1895- 1897, of the Carnegie Steel Company, Edgar- Thompson Works, Braddock, Pa.; superintend ent of furnaces and steel works, National Tube 420 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Company, McKeesport, Pa., 1897-1899; super intendent of blast furnaces, Carnegie Steel Company, Edgar-Thompson Works, Braddock, Pa., 1899-1901; manager of the national de partment, comprising blast furnaces, steel works, rolling mills, tube and pipe mills, gal vanizing works, etc., of the National Tube Com pany located at McKeesport, Riverton, Ver sailles, and South Side Pittsburgh, Pa., 1901- 1907, rebuilding all the departments during that time; president of the Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railroad Company, Birmingham, since 1907. He is a director of the First National Bank at Birmingham, and of the American Trust & Savings Bank. Mr. Crawford is a member of the Southern Club of Birmingham, the Duquesne Club, of Pittsburgh, Pa., and the Engineers' Club, New York. Married: February 1, 1911, at New Orleans, La., Mar garet Richardson, daughter of William P. and Lina (Gordon) Richardson, who lived at Sa vannah, Ga., and New Orleans. Residence: Birmingham. CRAWFORD, JAMES, commission merchant, was born January 18, 1807, at Winnsboro, Fairfield County, S. C, and died September 29, 1881, at Sweet Springs, Mo.; son of Andrew and Jane (Bones) Crawford, natives of County Antrim, Ireland, born August 8, 1770, and Feb ruary 1, 1776, respectively, who mere married April 10, 1793, lived at their ancestral home, "Castle Davidson," until 1802, when, being under suspicion as sympathizers of Robert Emmet, they emigrated to Winnsboro, S. C, and lived there until 1842. The family of Crawford was ' originally from Scotland, and was entitled to wear armorial bearings. One ancestor was captain in the English army at the battle of the Boyne under William III, and a member of the family in Ireland held the position of surgeon in the British army. Mr. Crawford was brother of Dr. William Craw ford, who married a daughter of Gov. Gayle. When he was twenty years old, he moved from Winnsboro to Columbia, S. C, and joined his brothers, John A. and Andrew Crawford, in the commission business. He came to Mo bile in 1827, and became associated with the cotton factors Purvis, Andrews & Company, until 1845, when he formed the partnership of Crawford & Gowdey. That firm was dissolved in 1850, and Col. Crawford continued the busi ness alone. He had held the agency of the bank of Charleston until 1849. For the fourth time, in 1861, he entered military service. He had been captain of a volunteer company in Columbia, S. C; had organized the Mobile Rifles in 1835 and served as first lieutenant of that company in the Creek War; and ten years later, as captain of that company, had been mustered into service for the Mexican War. When the War of Secession began, he was unanimously elected captain of the Woodruff Rifles, Twenty-first Alabama Infantry. He was promoted to colonel of the regiment, and served as such until forced by failing health to resign his command. He returned to his plantation home, and spent the remainder of time during the war in raising provisions for the army. After the end of the war, he re turned to Mobile and resumed mercantile life as a member of the firm, Crawford, Walsh, Smith & Company, which added the importa tion of coffee to its cotton business. He died at Sweet Springs, Mo., and was buried with military "honors at Magnolia Cemetery, Mo bile. Married: October 18, 1842, in Eutaw, Greene County, Zemula Walker Creswell, daughter of Judge Robert and Mary (Davis) Creswell, of Eutaw; granddaughter of Rev. James and Molly (Garlington) Creswell, who were mar ried in 1760, the former, of Scotch-Irish de scent, who left Ireland during the persecutions of Bloody Mary, and settled in Virginia and the Carolinas, where he established the first Presbyterian churches, the latter the niece and namesake of Mary Washington. Children: 1. Mary J., m. Darwin W. Marmaduke, who died in Missouri, resides in Seattle, Wash.; 2. Robert Creswell, merchant, b. September 28, 1845, deceased, was first sergeant, third, second, and first lieutenants of Cos. D and I, Eighth Alabama regiment C. S. Army, served as deputv U. S. marshal, 1885-1889, m. December 16, 1869. Louisa Hopkins Blevins, last resi dence, Mobile; 3. Zemula C, m. Leslie Mar maduke. resides in Joplin, Mo.; 4. Margaret L., m.- Dr. William MacD. Mastin, resides in Mobile; 5. James William, deceased, m. Co rinne Phillips, of Mobile. Last residence: Mo bile. CRAWFORD, JAMES W., member of the con stitutional convention of 1861, from Bibb County. CRAWFORD, J. T., member of the constitu tional convention of 1865, from Macon County. CRAWFORD, PETER, Baptist minister and founder of Judson female college, was born in 1809, in Virginia, and died April 25, 1873, at Keachi, La. He was educated at Richmond col lege, Va.; professed religion ^n 1831, and en gaged in preaching and teaching. He removed to Marion in 1835 and was one of the founders of Judson female college. He taught for some time in the Central female college, Miss., and later became president of Keachi female col lege, La. Last residence: Keachi, La. CRAWFORD, WILLIAM, second federal dis trict judge of Alabama, was born in 1784, and died in 1849 in Mobile. He came from Louisa County, Va., to St. Stephens as federal district attorney in 1817. He was elected president of the bank at St. Stephens in 1818, and was law partner there of Hon. Henry Hitchcock until the latter was transferred to the bench. In 1822, Judge Crawford was a candidate before the legislature for the federal senate against two or three competitors. On the first ballot he ran ahead of Hon. William R. King, of Dallas County, but when the contest was nar rowed down to the two, he was defeated. He was elected to the State senate from the dis* trict composed of Washington, Mobile and Baldwin Counties in 1825, and resigned his seat in that body the following year to ac cept the office of federal district judge. He DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 421 filled that office from 1826 until his death in 1849, taking no further active part in political affairs after he assumed that position. He went to Mobile to reside in 1827. He was a trustee of the University of Alabama, 1824- 1828. Married: in 1820, at St. Stephens, Tem perance Winnifred Fitts, who was born in 1802, and died in August, 1867, a daughter of Judge Oliver Fitts, a North Carolinian, whose son represented Washington County in the leg islature at one time. Last residence: Mobile. CRAWFORD, WILLIAM WEBB, banker, was born August 27, 1867, at Eutaw, Greene County; son of Col. Robert and Frances Eliz abeth (Webb) Crawford, who lived at Eutaw, St. Louis, Mo., and Birmingham, the former a lawyer who served in the C. S. Army, during the War of Secession; grandson of Nelson A. and Julia (Penn) Crawford, of Eutaw, and of William P. and Martha (Bell) Webb (q. v.). He was educated in the public schools of St. Louis, Mo„ until he was sixteen years of age, when he became shipping clerk for a large pork-packing establishment at that place. Upon the death of his father in 1884, he returned to Alabama with his mother and entered the banking house of A. Lawson, at Greensboro. He moved to Birmingham,- 1886, and became connected with the Berner Bank as bookkeeper, and later, as teller; He has been banking in Greensboro and Birmingham since 1896, and is now president of the American Trust & Sav ings Bank at Birmingham. He served as treas urer of the city of Birmingham in 1892. Mr. Crawford is a Democrat, a Presbyterian, and a Mason. Married: June 21, 1891, at Nash ville, Tenn., Juliet Irwin Cherry, daughter of Edgar and Mary D. (Irwin) Cherry, who lived at Savannah, Tenn.; granddaughter of William H. Cherry, of Savannah and Nashville, Tenn. Children: 1. William Webb, jr., Birmingham; 2. Edgar Cherry, Birmingham. Residence: Birmingham. CREAGH, GERARD WALTHALL, planter and merchant, was born in 1790, in South Carolina, and died November, 1849, at Suggs- ville; son of Thomas Bivin and Rebecca (Walthall) Creagh (q. v.) ; brother of Memor able Walker Creagh (q. v.). He attended the old field schools of South Carolina, and was one of the early graduates of South Carolina College. He came to Alabama in 1812, when the state was still part of Mississippi Terri tory, bought some land, and established him self with his slaves on a plantation. At the time of the Indian uprising in 1813, he en listed as a lieutenant in the company of Capt. Sam Dale, was wounded in the Battle of Burnt Corn, took part in the "Canoe Fight," and at the capture of Econochaca, and was mustered out at the conclusion of the Creek War at Tus kegee. After the war, Mr. Creagh became a merchant in addition to his planting. He was elected to the State legislature in 1819, be ing one of the first representatives from Clarke County, and was re-elected in 1820. In 1838, he was again sent to the lower house, and in 1839 was elected to the State senate. He was returned to the senate in 1842, was defeated for a seat in that body in 1845, but in 1847 was again re-elected. He was regularly ap pointed chairman of the committee on accounts, and was the first man in Alabama to be called the watchdog of the treasury. He was a Demo crat, and a Mason, being a charter member and master of his lodge at Suggsville. Mar ried: at Suggsville, Ann Eliza Davis, daughter of Thomas and Susan Davis, who lived at Lower Peach Tree. Children: 1. Tancred Ru fus, d. in eighteenth year; 2. Noval, d. in four teenth year; 3. Eliza Davis, m. Col. Stephen Beech Cleveland, left one daughter, Lillian, who married Dr. C. I. Dahlberg; 4. Rebecca Clara Ann, m. Col. Thomas Powe Falconer, had several children who live in Mississippi; 5. Thomas Bivin, b. March 21, 1842, private, sergeant and brevet second lieutenant, C. S. Army, taught school in Clarke County until 1892, since then clerk, m. January 15, 1862, at Nashville, Zuleika Bugg, resides at Selma, children: Fannie Louise Anna Zuleika, and John Wesley, m. Genevieve Smith; 6. Gerard Walthall, m. Emma May, of Greensboro. Last residence: Suggsville. CREAGH, MEMORABLE WALKER, lawyer, was born July 4, 1817, in Abbeville District, S. C, and died May 21 1872, at Demopolis; son of Thomas Bivin and Rebecca (Walthall) Creagh (q. v.) ; brother of Gerard Walthall Creagh (q. v.). He received a collegiate edu cation, was graduated in law in South Carolina and in medicine in Philadelphia, but never practiced either profession. He came from South Carolina to Alabama in 1826, and set tled on a plantation near Union Town, given him by his father. He became a large slave owner and an active politician. He lived at Union Town about three years, then built a large colonial home at McKinley. He remained at that place until 1858, then built a home on his plantation in Wilcox County near Prairie Bluff, where he lived until after the war. From that time until his death he lived at Demopolis. He was an old line Whig until his party died, then became a Democrat. Dr. Creagh repre sented Marengo County in the State legislature in 1849, and in 1853. He was a Methodist and a Mason. Married: (1) Sarah Harris, of Clarke County, the daughter of his step mother; (2) at Spring Hill, Marengo County, Willie Harris Burton, daughter of John and Sarah (Glover) Burton, who lived at White Hall, Marengo County, granddaughter of John Frederick and Jean Glover; great-granddaugh ter of Frederick and Elizabeth (Cato) Glover, of Louisiana, who moved from that place to Abbeville District, S. O; great-great-grand daughter of Benjamin and Olivia Glover ; great- great-great-granddaughter of Richard Glover, of Jamestown, Va., who lived there in 1635. Children, by second marriage: 1. Rebecca Walthall, m. William Ross Brooks, of Mobile; 2. Sarah Glover, m. John Cox Webb, Demopo lis; 3. Willie Burton, deceased, m. George Clifton Clarke, son of Judge William E. Clarke, child, Mrs. Richard Inge, of Greensboro; 4. Thomas Bivin, deceased; 5. Alexander Mil ton, deceased; 6. Amanda Burton, deceased; 7. Clara Falconer; 8. Mary Burton, m. John 422 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY B. Wilson, of Columbiana, who served as mayor of Demopolis, children, two daughters. Last residence: Demopolis. CREAGH, THOMAS BIVIN, farmer, was born at Donerail, County Cork, Ireland, and died February, 1842, at Boiling Springs, Wil cox County; son of John and Sarah O. (Moore) Creagh, of Donerail, County Cork, Ireland. The founder of the name was a son of King O'Neil, of Ulster, who commanded a body of troops in the Castle of Limerick at the time the Danes invaded Ireland. He defeated the Danes with great slaughter, and when he re turned to the castle, the population turned out to greet him, placing laurel in the horses' bridles. Laurel in Irish is known as "creagh," and he was known from that time on as Creigh O'Neil, until O'Neil was dropped and Creagh alone used. The street in Ireland leading from that castle to the river is known as Creagh Lane to this day. Mr. Creagh came to America as an English officer with Gen. Braddock, be fore the Revolution. He was an educated man who later held office under the British gov ernment, but he did not return to Europe. There is a tradition that it was to Capt. Creagh that George Washington spoke, when he said that Braddock could not fight the Indians by the method he was then pursuing. He set tled in Lynchburg, Va., after retiring from the army, and was married there. He moved to North Carolina for a short time, then located in South Carolina, near the Georgia line. He was a farmer and a large slave owner. He lived in Abbeville, S. C, until after his wife died, then broke up his home and followed his son, George, to Alabama, settling near Suggsville. His home was made of lumber sawed with a whip saw by hand before there was a mill. He was a Master Mason perhaps the first grand master of that order in the state of Alabama, and was high priest of his chapter. He was a Democrat. Married: (1) at Lynchburg, Va., Rebecca Walthall, daugh ter of Gerard and Eliza Ann (Davis) Walthall, who lived on a plantation at Lynchburg, Va., a descendant of the Davis family of Salisbury, N. O, of Scotch-Irish ancestry, who emigrated to America, settling first at Salisbury and later moving to Lower Peach Tree; (2) Wini fred Davis, of Clarke County. Children, by first marriage: 1. John G., b. 1787, in South Carolina, was educated in Dr. Waddell's acad emy, was an early settler in Alabama, a law yer and farmer, who was elected to the State legislature five times from Clarke County, and served one term as probate judge, d. in 1839, m. Clara Howze, who later married Judge A. B. Cooper, had one child, Clara, d. in child hood; 2. Richard P., attorney general of Mis sissippi, who was killed in a rencontre in 1823, while occupying that position: 3. Gerard Walt hall (q. v.); 4. Edward A., who came from South Carolina to Alabama, d. unmarried; 5. Lorenzo; 6. Memorable Walker (q. v.) ; 7. Mil ton Alexander, m. (1) Ann Howze, deceased, child, John Wesley, m. Lizzie Simmons, of North Carolina, (2) Willie H. Glover, daughter of Ben Glover, who lived near Dayton, children, Clara, Amanda Hughes, Sallie and Willie. Last residence: Boiling Springs, Wilcox County. CREECH, DAVID BRYANT, member seces sion convention, 1861, was born July 2, 1811, in Montgomery County, Ga., and died at Syl van Grove, Dale County, June 4, 1863; son of Joshua and Mary (Bryant) Creech, the former an immigrant from England to Virginia. David B. Creech removed from Telfair County, Ga., to Alabama in 1854. He had previously served as an officer in the Indian war of 1836. He represented Dale County in the legislature of 1860-61; was a member of the Secession con vention of 1861; acted as a mustering officer for Confederate Army, ill health preventing active service. Married: Judith Douglas, daughter of Alexander and Sarah McClennan, residents of Lumber City, Ga., the former was a native of Scotland. Descendants reside in southeast Alabama. Last residence: Sylvan Grove. CRENSHAW, ANDERSON, lawyer, was born May 22, 1783, in Newberry District, S. C, and died August 31, 1847, in Butler County; son of Charles and Eunice (White) Crenshaw, who lived in Newberry District, S. C, the former of whom was tax collector at that place for many years; the latter, a native of Virginia, born in 1753; grandson of John and Betty (Lee) White, of Virginia. He was the first graduate of South Carolina College, at Colum bia, 1806, and after leaving college studied law in the office of Judge Nott. He was li censed to practice in 1809, and immediately entered the legal profession. He was elected to the South Carolina legislature in 1812, and some years later was a candidate for congress, but was defeated. He moved to Alabama in 1819, and settled at Cahaba, where he prac ticed law for a short time. He was elected circuit judge in 1821, and, as such, was judge of the supreme court, which was composed of circuit judges, until the supreme and circuit courts were separated in 1832, after which time he continued on the circuit bench until 1838. He resigned from that position in 1838 in order to accept the election to the office of chancellor of the southern division at the or ganization of the separate court of chancery. He served as chancellor until his death in 1847. He was a Whig in politics, but so moderate in his views that he was retained in office under elections of the legislature in which Demo cratic majorities existed. The State legislature named Crenshaw County in his honor in 1865. Married: Mary Chiles, of Abbeville District, S. C. Children: 1. Walter Henry (q. v.); 2. Thomas Chiles, planter, b. December, 1818, d. November 10, 1899, served as representative in the State legislature 1866-1867, m. 1841, in Butler County, Lucinda Womack, last resi dence: Manningham; 3. Charles Edward, min ister, b. August 8, 1821, was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., was licensed to preach by the Methodist Protestant church, m. (1) April 8, 1847, at Hickory Grove, Mont gomery County, Mary Louisa Coleman, (2) August, 1877, Lydia Grant Shaw last residence, Coosada; 4. Frederick William, planter, b. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 423 February 18, 1824, was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., m. (1) 1850, Elvira Caroline Womack, (2) 1871, Sarah Lewis, last residence, Manningham. Last resi dence: Butler County. CRENSHAW, ARTHUR, lieutenant com mander U. S. Navy, a member of the well known Crenshaw family of Alabama, was born March 4, 1875, at Clinton, N. C; son of Ed ward and Sarah Edith (Brittain) Crenshaw, the former of Butler County, and the latter of Georgetown, Dunarara, British Guiana; great- great-grandson of Gen. John Arthur Elmore (q. v.), of Revolutionary fame. He received his early education in the public and private schools at Greenville, and at the U. S. naval academy. He was an ensign on board the U. S. S. Maine at the time of the explosion in the Havana harbor; served during the Spanish American War on the San Francisco; inspector of machinery for the government, Bath, Me.; and promoted lieutenant com mander, U. S. Navy, July 1, 1909. Married: March 19, 1900, at Buenos Ayres, Argentine Republic, to Theodora Jacobs. CRENSHAW, BOLLING HALL, professor Alabama polytechnic institute, was born May 18, 1867, at Greenville, Butler County; son of Walter Henry and Sarah Anderson (Anderson) Crenshaw; grandson of Anderson and Mary (Chiles) Crenshaw (q. v.). He was educated at public schools in Greenville, Birmingham, and Montgomery, and at the Alabama polytechnic institute, Auburn, graduating in 1889, with the degree of B. S. and "with highest honors," and in 1890 with the degree of M. E. He is a teacher by profession, and from 1891 to date has been connected with the department of mathematics, Alabama polytechnic institute. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Mar ried: April 29, 1896, at Auburn, to Willie, daughter of Emory Thomas and Elizabeth (Ross) Glenn, who lived at Auburn. Children: 1. Mary Glenn; 2. Sarah Hall. Residence: Auburn. CRENSHAW, EDWARD, lawyer, was born August 29, 1842, in Butler County; son of Judge Walter Henry and Sarah Anderson (Crenshaw) Crenshaw (q. v.); grandson of Judge Anderson and Mary (Chiles) Crenshaw (q. v.). He was graduated from the University of Alabama, and from the law school of the University of Virginia, 1861. He entered the C. S. Army that year, enlisting as second lieu tenant of Co. K, Seventeenth Alabama volun teer infantry, and served with that command until March, 1863, when he was promoted to captain of Co. B, Fifty-eighth Alabama regi ment. In May, 1864, he was appointed second lieutenant of the Confederate marine corps, and subsequently became first lieutenant of marines on the Confederate privateer Talla hassee, which captured about forty Union ves sels during the war. After the war closed he opened a law office in Greenville. In 1869, he was elected clerk of the circuit court for Butler County, and held that office for five years. He served as county solicitor, 1879- 1883, and later as city attorney of Greenville. Married: May, 1874, at Greenville, Sarah Edith Brittain. Children: 1. Arthur; 2. Edith. Resi dence: Greenville. i CRENSHAW, JAMES HERVEY, printer and publisher, was born February 2, 1849, in Mont gomery; son of James Hervey and Marie Louise (Butts) Crenshaw, the former born in Washington, Wilkes County, Ga.; grandson of Miles Crenshaw, of Washington, Ga., and of Thomas and Elizabeth (Lucas) Butts, of Macon County. He was educated in the schools of Montgomery, and Lookout Mountain educa tional institutions; began work as bookkeeper for "Alabama State journal," 1868; in 1872 went with Barrett & Brown; in 1883 became member of the printing firm of W. D. Brown & co.; in 1886 was made secretary and treasurer, and in 1908 president of the Brown printing company. He is a Democrat; a Knight of Pythias; and a Presbyterian. Married: December 26, 1873, at Mobile, to Mollie Childers, daughter of David Jordan and Mary Elizabeth (Childers) Files. Children: 1. Hervey Files, m. Pauline Smith, of Montgomery; 2. James Clinton, deceased; 3. Ware, deceased; 4. Henry Childers, m. Annie Edwina, daughter of Henry Danziger, of Mont gomery; 5. Elizabeth, deceased; 6. Mary Belle, m. Walter Dorman Shepard, of Montgomery. Residence: Montgomery. CRENSHAW, THADDEUS HENRY, planter and legislator, was born April 30, 1862, at "The Ridge," Butler County; son of Frederick Wil liam and Elmira Caroline (Womack) Cren shaw, of Butler County, the former was a soldier in Capt. S. B. Boiling's Co., C. S. Army; grandson of Anderson and Mary (Childs) Crenshaw and of Jacob Lewis and Agnes (Childs) Womack; great-grandson of Charles Crenshaw who came from England, first set tling in Virginia. He was educated in the public schools of Butler County, and is a cot ton planter. In 1900-01 and 1911-15, he was a member of the house of representatives from Butler County. He is a Democrat; a Metho dist. Married: in 1886, at Birmingham, to Annie Hadden, daughter of Joseph and Caro line (Crenshaw) Calvin, D. D., of Oakland col lege, near Rodney, Miss., the former was of Huguenot descent and came to America from Ireland at the age of 17; he was educated at Princeton, for the Presbyterian ministry. Children: 1. Thaddeus Henry, jr., m. Martha Donimick; 2. Louise; 3. Mary; 4. Irene de ceased; 5. John; 6. Joseph; 7. Anna Resi dence: Forest Home. CRENSHAW, WALTER HENRY, lawyer and planter, was born July 17, 1817 in Abbe ville District, S. C, and died December 7 1878, at Greenville; son of Judge Anderson and Mary (Chiles) Crenshaw (q. v.). He ob tained his early education from a classical school established in Butler County by his father and some neighbors and was gradu ated from the University of Alabama, A B , 1834, in the class with Hon. C. C. Clay (q v ) Three years later the degree of A. M. was' con ferred upon him by the University of Alabama. 424 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY He studied law under his father, was admitted to the bar, and became a lawyer and planter in Butler County. He was elected to the lower house of the legislature in 1838, and was re elected in 1840. From that time until 1867, with but very little intermission, he served in one or the other branch of the legislature, being defeated but once. He was speaker of the house from 1861 to 1865; in 1865 and 1866 was president of the senate; and was a mem ber of the state constitutional convention of 1865. On the establishment of the criminal court of Butler County, 1871, Judge Crenshaw was elected judge. He resigned that position in 1873 in order to accept the appointment of code commissioner. He was one of the com pilers of the Code of 1876. When quite a young man, he had been colonel of militia. He was an old line Whig before the War of Secession, and after that time was a conservative Demo crat. He was a member of the Presbyterian church. Married: August 17, 1841, at We tumpka, Sarah Anderson Crenshaw, his first cousin, daughter of Dr. Abner and Charlotte P. (Elmore) Crenshaw, who lived in South Carolina; granddaughter of Charles and Eunice (White) Crenshaw, and of Gen. John A. and Mary Ann S. (Saxon) Elmore. Children: 1. Edward (q. v.) ; 2. Walter H., jr., m. Sallie Bell, Coleman, Sumter County, Fla.; 3. Abner F., m. Laura Olive, Coleman, Sumter County, Fla.; 4. Anderson unmarried, Calhoun, Lowndes County; 5. John E., unmarried, Montgomery; 6. Leonora, Greenville; 7. Boiling H., professor, Alabama Polytechnic Institute, m. Willie Glenn, Auburn. Last residence: Greenville. CRESSWELL, JULIA PAMELIA PLEAS ANTS, author, was born August 21, 1827, at Huntsville, and died June 9, 1886 at Jackson, La.; daughter of Col. James Jay and Emily Julia (Bibb) Pleasants who lived at Hunts ville, the former a commission merchant, a native of Hanover County, Va., who came to Alabama, and was elected secretary of state, 1822-1824; granddaughter of Gov. Thomas and Pamelia (Thompson) Bibb, who lived at Belle Mina homestead, near Huntsville, the former of whom was the second governor of Alabama, succeeding his brother to that office. She was reared and educated in Huntsville, and was graduated from a young ladies' semi nary at that place. After her marriage she lived in Mansfield, La., until the end of the War of Secession, when she moved to Shreve- port, La. She taught for one term in a young ladies' seminary at Shreveport, while her hus band resumed his law practice. Later she con ducted a private school in her home for two terms. She was a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. She was author of "Aphelia, and Other Poems by Two Cousins of the South," in conjunction with T. M. B. Bradley, of Huntsville, published in 1854; "Poems"; "Callamura," an allegorical novel, published 1868; a posthumous volume of poems; "Abracadabra," a novel which was never published; and a book of short poems which she had ready for publication, dedicated to George D. Prentice in appreciation of his unswerving devotion to Southern literature, but never published. Married: October 11, 1854, at Huntsville, David Cresswell, son of Robert and Mary (Davis) Cresswell, who lived at Eutaw, the former a lawyer, whose father, a Presbyterian minister, came from Ireland. Mr. Cresswell was a graduate of Columbia Law School, South Carolina, was a district judge before the War of Secession, and a parish judge for eighteen years after the war. He died September, 1876. Before his marriage to Miss Pleasants, he had been married to Gertrude Thornton, by whom he had one son, Harry Thornton Cresswell, a lawyer, of San Francisco, Calif. Children: 1. David Lewis, Steins, N. Mex.; 2. Adrienne, resides in San Diego, Calif., m. Elijah P. Butts, deceased; 3. Robert Paul, Tornillo, Tex.; 4. James Pleas ants, Shreveport, La.; 5. Sydmore, d. at three years of age; 6. Kenneth, d. at two years of age; 7. Julien, d. at one year of age; 8. Frank Lyon, Steins, N. Mex. Last residence: Shreve port, La. CRIBBS, DANIEL, business man, was born May 8, 1800, at Greensboro, Westmoreland County, Pa. He moved from Pennsylvania in 1806 with his parents to New Philadelphia, Pa. While living at that place at the time of Hull's surrender, 1813, Gov. Meigs, then on a visit to his father, desired to send a message to Detroit. The perilous mission was under taken and accomplished satisfactorily by the thirteen year old boy. The Cribbs family re turned to Pennsylvania some years later, and lived at Pittsburgh for two years. Mr. Cribbs came to Alabama in 1823 and made his home in Greene County until 1828, when he settled in Tuscaloosa County, two miles from the city of Tuscaloosa. He was engaged in the steam boat business and lost heavily by the explo sion of the Tuscaloosa in 1845. He was elected sheriff of Tuscaloosa County, 1842-1845; went to California in 1850 to search for gold; was successful in his search; and returned to Ala bama to invest his means in slaves to culti vate his farm near Tuscaloosa. He established the first stoneware manufactory in the state at Tuscaloosa, and conducted it successfully until the outbreak of war in 1861. Married: in 1828, Amy La Vergy, of Greene County. He had nine children: one son, Harvey H., b. June 17, 1832, in Tuscaloosa, was elected sheriff of Tuscaloosa County in 1860, by the largest vote polled for that office in the county up to that time, resigned that position in 1862 to assist in the organization of Lums- den's battery, of which he was elected first lieutenant, served with that command until 1864, when he resigned his commission to take the post of scout by detail', under Lieut. Wright, Second Alabama cavalry, was captured on the eve of the surrender near Charleston, S. C, and for some time confined in that city, entered the grocery business in Mobile, be coming a member of the firm of Cribbs, David son & Company, wholesale grocers, for twelve years, returned to Tuscaloosa as a broker and insurance agent, m. 1870, Carrie Roper, seven children. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. DR. WILLIAM D. PARTLOW DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 427 CRITTENDEN, MOSES H., business man, was born August 31, 1851, in Lauderdale County; son of Wm. H. and Octavia (Ingram) Crittenden. He was educated in common schools of Florence; studied medicine for a short time; in 1873 removed to Birmingham, where he engaged in mercantile and real es tate business. He is a Knight of Pythias. Mar ried: November 14, 1878, to Sallie J. Goodrich, of Kentucky. Children: 1. Lula O.; 2. Erline, m. J. Q. Smith; 3. Inez, m. Homer E. Starks, Montgomery. Residence: Birmingham. CRITTENDEN, ROBERT FLOURNOY, farmer, colonel, C. S. Army, was born Novem ber 5, 1837, in Talbot County, Ga.; son of Cin- cinnatus Decatur and Emmaline Amanda (Ma- hone) Crittenden, of Bellview, Ga.; grandson of Robert Green and Nancy (Crowder) Crittenden, all of Hancock County, Ga., and of Peter Flour- noy and Elizabeth (Marshall) Mahone, of Tal bot County. C. D. Crittenden was a native of Hancock County, and served as a soldier in the Seminole War in Florida. Robert Critten den was educated by his uncle, Oliver A. Crit tenden, and by M. A. McNulty, in a country school. He then read law, and taught school two years. In 1860 he moved to Coffee County. In April, 1862, he entered the C. S. Army as captain of Co. I, Thirty-third Alabama infan try regiment, organized at Pensacola, which proceeded to Corinth after the battle of Shiloh. Capt. Crittenden was soon promoted major of the regiment, and later lieutenant-colonel. He was with the regiment in all of its cam paigns, and after the death of Col. Samuel Adams, July 21, 1864, he succeeded to the command, and, prior to the Tennessee cam paign, was promoted colonel. He was cap tured at the battle of Franklin, November 30, 1864, sent as a prisoner of war to "Johnson's Island, where he remained until his release in July, 1865. He then returned to Alabama, where he remained until 1870, when he moved to Georgia. In 1872 he was elected to the legislature of that state, and again in 1889; and since that date he has been closely identi fied with Georgia politics. He has always been a farmer; is a Methodist, and a Mason. Mar ried: at Eatonton, Ga., in 1860, to Frances Massie, daughter of Alexander and Frances (Terrell) Reid. The great-grandfather of Alexander Reid was a Revolutionary soldier, and his knee-buckles and a silver eagle that he wore on his hat are still in the possession of his descendants. Children: 1. Anna Bell, m. James Crittenden Simpson; 2. Emaline Virginia, m. John Mercer Wooten; 3. Mar shall Mahone; 4. Oscar Alexander, m. Sarah Helen Land; 5. Robert Flournoy; 6. Henrietta Maria, m. John Mercer Bell. Residence: Shell- man, Ga. CROCHERON, HENRY NICHOLAS, planter, was born October 6, 1813, at Richmond, Rich mond County, Staten Island, and died August 12, 1846, at McKinley; son of Richard and Ann (Perine) Crocheron, who lived at Rich mond, Staten Island, the former of whom was for several years, surrogate of Richmond County; grandson of Edward and Addra (Gri- Vol. Ill— 28 son) Perine; cousin of John J. Crocheron, who owned and lived at Elm Bluff on the Alabama River, was never married, raised and equipped a company for service in the C. S. Army, and died during the War of Secession. His an cestor's, both paternal and maternal, were French. He came to Alabama in 1836, identi fied himself with the south, and became a planter. He was a Democrat and an Episco palian. Married: January 4, 1838, at McKin ley, Marengo County, Lucretia King, daughter of Henry and Nancy (Wellborn) King, who lived near Huntsville. Last residence: McKin ley, Marengo County. CROMMELIN, CHARLES, lawyer, was born in January, 1800, at the summer home of his parents at Saratoga Springs, N. Y., died in July, 1857, in Pensacola, Fla., and is buried in Oakwood cemetery, Montgomery; son of Charles and Anne Newell (Cogswell) Crommelin, the former a native of New York city, who re moved to Alabama in 1820, locating first at Wetumpka, later going to Montgomery; grand son of Charles and Anne (Sinclair) Crommelin of New York and Saratoga, and of William and Anne (Newell) Cogswell, of Newell's Point, N. Y. He was the fourth Charles in direct line from Charles Crommelin, thirteenth child of Jean Crommelin, born in Chateau d'Armau court, St. Quentin's, France, died in New York City, 1739, and is buried in Trinity church yard with Daniel Crommelin, his uncle. Other lines of ancestry include the Fish, Roosevelt and Fairbanks families of New York. Mr. Crommelin was graduated from King's college, now Columbia university, N. Y., 1818. He was licensed to practice law in Montgomery, Sep tember 27, 1833, and entered into partnership with Charles Ball, the firm being Ball and Crommelin. He was an Episcopalian, and mem ber of the Washington national monument so ciety, by whose efforts the Washington monu ment in the national capital was built. Married : in December, 1830, at Harrogate, near Wetump ka, to Juliana Parthenia, daughter of Isaac and Juliana Parthenia (Brown) Ross (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Charles, died in childhood; 2. Anna, m. Daniel Robinson; 3. Thomas, d. in early man hood; 4. Eliza Jane, "Jeannie," died young; 5. Isabel, deceased; 6. John G., deceased; 7. Henry, deceased, m. Lucie Greene Metcalf, to whom were born, (1) John G., m. Katherine V. Gunter; (2) Mary C, m. Richard Wood (q. v.) ; (3) Mrs. C. Reilly, of Andalusia; (4) Charles, deceased; (5) Parthenia. Last residence: Montgomery. CROMMELIN, MRS. JENNIE, deceased, pat riotic worker, and at one time secretary of the Memorial association of Montgomery. CROMMELIN, JOHN G., public official, was born in 1844, in Montgomery; son of Charles and Julia Parthenia (Ross) Crommelin, who lived in Montgomery County, the former a native of New York, N. Y., born in 1805, who settled in Alabama when he was eighteen years old, the latter a native of Camden, S. C, who moved with her parents to the present county of Montgomery in 1815. He obtained his early 428 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY education from schools in the city and county of Montgomery, and attended Washington Col lege, now Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va. He served in the C. S. Army as a private in the Sixth Alabama cavalry, and was paroled at the close of the war. For sev eral years after the war, he engaged in farm ing in Montgomery County. He was elected a member of the city council of Montgomery for a term of four years, May, 1889; was elected mayor of the city in May, 1891, and was re-elected in 1893 without opposition. Residence: Montgomery. CROOK, EMMETT FARROW, public official, was born July 27, 1851, at Alexandria, Cal houn County; son of John Martin and Nar- mesia (Woodruff) Crook, the former a native of Spartanburg District, S. C, who came to Alabama when a young man, was a planter and lawyer at Alexandria, and a member of the secession convention; grandson of James and Amelia (Owens) Crook, who lived in Spartan burg District, S. C, and in Calhoun County, and of Caleb and Reosannah (Farrow) Crook, of Spartanburg District, S. C, and Calhoun County, the former born in Spartanburg, came to Calhoun County in 1834, whose father was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, and was of English ancestry; great-grand' son of John and Lucy (Brockman) Owens, jr. Judge Crook is half-brother of James Crook (q. v.) and John M. Crook (q. v.) and a nephew of S. W. Crook (q. v.). He received his education at the Jack sonville Academy, taught by Col. Simpson Fouche and John Lafayette Dodson. When he was seventeen years old, he entered the mer cantile business in New York, remaining in that place for two years. He returned to Alex andria, and in 1874, became a merchant there. He continued that occupation, in conjunction with farming, for twelve years, until, in 1886, he was elected judge of the probate court for Calhoun County. By successive re-elections, he filled that office for twenty-six years, re signing March, 1912, because of failing health. ' He is a Democrat, has taken part in most of the State conventions since 1876, and was chairman of the county conventions of 1882 and 1884. He has been a deacon in the Parker Memorial Baptist church for many years, is a Mason, a Knight of Honor, a Knight of Pythias, an Odd Fellow, an Elk and a Wood man of the World. Married: December 19, 1872, at Gainesville, Sallie Walker, daughter of Whitfield and Mary Elizabeth (Mangrum) Walker, who lived in Newberry District, South Carolina, the former of whom was a member of the South Carolina legislature before the War of Secession, who came to Alabama in 1860, organized the first company of South Carolina soldiers in Newberry District for the C. S. Army, was elected captain of that com pany, known as the Rhett Guards, served with that command at the first battle of the war in which Fort Sumter fell, resigned that com mand in order to accept a commission as colonel of an Alabama regiment, and served until the close of the war, remained in Alabama until 1873, moved to Jacksonville, Fla., that year, was elected to the Florida senate, and served as internal revenue collector of Florida under the Cleveland administration. Mrs. Crook's brother, John T. Walker, is the sole survivor of the Confederate war vessel, Ala bama. Children: 1. Maud, a graduate of Chap- pell's Female College, Columbus, Ga., m. W. Hardwick Ruth, Montgomery; 2. Ida, m. Dr. W. F. Brown, Anniston; 3. Dr. Whitfield Walker, m. at Cuthbert, Ga., Nellie Key, Gibs- land, La.; 4. John Martin, probate clerk, m. at Anniston, Corinne Harper, Anniston. Resi dence: Anniston. CROOK, JAMES, associate railroad commis sioner, 1881-85; president of the railroad com mission, 1896. Residence: Anniston. CROOK, JAMES, lawyer, was born October 12, 1841, at Alexandria, Calhoun County; son of John M. and Margaret (Miller) Crook, na tives of Spartanburg District, S. C, the former of whom, born in 1810, came to Alabama in 1834, was a lawyer and farmer, and a delegate to the secession convention of 1860; grandson of James and Amelia (Owens) Crook, of Spar tanburg District, S. C, who came to Alabama in 1834, the former a representative of his na tive district in both branches of the South Carolina legislature, and of Samuel Miller. a soldier in the Revolution, who fought at the battle of Cowpens, married a Miss Dean, of South Carolina, and subsequently became sheriff of Spartanburg District; great-grandson of John Miller, and John and Lucy (Brock man) Owens, jr. The Crook family came originally from Wales, settling first in Vir ginia, and moving from there to South Caro lina. The Owenses, Deans, and Millers were of Scotch-Irish descent, and were part of the Scotch-Irish Colony In South Carolina. Maj. Crook's four great-grandfathers served in the Revolutionary War, Mr. Crook, John Owens, and Mr. Dean serving through the war, while John Miller was killed by Tories and Indians in 1775. He is a brother of Dr. John Martin Crook (q. v.), a half-brother of Emmett Far row Crook (q. v.), and a nephew of S. W. Crook (q. v.). Maj. Crook was educated at the Universities of Alabama and Virginia, leav ing the latter institution a short time before the end of his last term. He enlisted in the C. S. Army, June, 1861, joining Co. D, Tenth Alabama regiment, as a private; was promoted to first lieutenant in 1862, captain in 1864, and major of cavalry later in that year. Soon after his transfer to the cavalry service, he was captured and imprisoned on Johnson's Island until the close of the war. After peace was established, he returned to Alexandria and during the following year began to study law under Hon. W. H. Forney at Jacksonville. He was admitted to the bar in 1867, and at once entered upon the practice of his profession. In that year, he was made chairman of the Demo cratic executive committee of his county and served for six years, while at the same time he was a member of the state Democratic executive committee. In 1868, he was a Sey mour and Blair elector. The following year, he was the nominee of the Democratic party DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 429 for the State legislature. He was appointed by Gov. Houston as a trustee of the State Uni versity, 1876, and was made by statute a di rector of the normal school at Jacksonville, 1883. He continued his law practice until 1881, when he was elected railroad commis sioner, with Hon. Walter L. Bragg as presi dent and Hon. Charles P. Ball as associate. He held that position for four years, since which time he has been devoting his attention to manufacturing, farming and the breeding of blooded stock. Married: (1) in 1868, Annie E. Ponder, of Montgomery, who died in 1869; (2) in 1871, Miss Reynolds, daughter of Maj. Walker Reynolds, of Talladega County. Chil dren by first marriage: 1'. James Flournoy, journalist, b. March 10, 1869, was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., LL. B., 1890, first lieutenant and adjutant Third Georgia volunteer infantry, Spanish War, 1898, New York, N. Y.; by second marriage: 2. Han nah; 3. Walker R.; 4. Martin; 5. Eppie, de ceased. Residence: Jacksonville. CROOK, JAMES KING, physician, was born February 25, 1859, at Allenton, Wilcox County, and died April 15, 1908, in New York City; son of James Alexander and Sarah (Stover) Crook. Dr. Crook received his early education in pri vate schools and academies; received the degree of M. D., from the medical department. Univer sity of New York, 1880, and the honorary de gree of A. M. from the University "of Alabama. He was resident physician of the city institu tions on Blackwell's and Ward's Islands, 1S80- 81; attending physician, St. Stephens home for children, 1882-83; assistant attending physi cian, outdoor patients, Mt. Sinai hospital, 1886- 87; attending physician, diseases of heart and lungs, Bellevue hospital, outdoor department, 1884-94; clinic assistant, 1883, instructor, 1884- 98, adjunct professor, 1898-1904, department of clinical medicine of Post-graduate medical school; visiting physician, Post-graduate hos pital, 1895-1904. He was a Presbyterian; mem ber American medical association; National so ciety for study and prevention of tuberculosis; member and delegate second Pan-American medical congress, 1896; fellow New York acad emy of medicine; secretary Post-graduate clinic society. Author : "Mineral waters of the United States" 1899, and numerous articles for maga zines and medical publications. Associate edi tor: Chicago clinic, Pure water journal, and Archives of Physiological Therapy. Married: April 20, 1887, to Grace Ada, daughter of John Edmonds and Hannah L. (Adee) Flagler, of New York City. Children: 1. Ann Flagler, m. Eliphalet R. Merry, jr., of Westfield, N. J. Last residence: New York City. CROOK, JEERE E., physician, graduate of Vanderbilt university, 1883, and commenced the practice that year. Residence: Jackson ville. CROOK, JOHN MARTIN, physician, was born August 4, 1847, at Alexandria, Calhoun County; son of John Martin and Margaret (Miller) Crook, natives of Spartanburg Dis trict, who came to Alabama in 1834; brother of James Crook (q. v.); nephew of S. W. Crook (q. v.). He was reared in Alexandria, received a common school education and at the age of fifteen entered the University of Alabama. He remained a student there until he reached the senior class, when he enlisted as first lieutenant in the C. S. Army. He was with Gen. Johnston in his retreat a short time, and afterward with Hood when he returned to Tennessee, serving until the close of the war as a scout. He returned home, and entered school at Jacksonville, but attended only a short time, being compelled by his father's death to take charge of the plantation. In 1872, he formed a partnership with his half- brother, Judge Emmett Farrow Crook (q. v.), in a mercantile business, and remained a mem ber of the firm until 1878. In that year, he moved to Jacksonville and farmed there four years. He began to study medicine in 1883, and was graduated from the College of Physi cians and Surgeons, Baltimore, Md., M. D., 1885. Immediately after his graduation, he was appointed resident physician of the Mary land Woman's Hospital, where he remained one year. The next six months, he spent at Bay View, then returned to Jacksonville, where he has since devoted his time to the practice of his profession. He established a drug store at that place in 1891. Dr. Crook served as mayor of Jacksonville, 1880-1883; was a mem ber of the town council six years ; is a member of the Calhoun County medical society, of the board of censors of that society, of the State Medical Association, and of the College of Counsellors of the state. He is a Baptist, a Knight of Pythias, and a Knight of Honor. Married: (1) April, 1876, Annie Whatley, who died January, 1878, daughter of Col. George C. and Ann (Crook) Whatley, the former a lawyer, who lost his life while making a charge at the head of his command, part of the Tenth Alabama regiment, at the battle of Sharpsburg; (2) in 1890, at Columbus, Ga., Louise Rankin, daughter of James and Agnes Rankin, both natives of Scotland. Children, by first mar riage: 1. Anna Lee, b. January, 1878; by sec ond marriage; 2. Agnes. Residence: Jackson ville. CROOK, SAMUEL WILES, farmer, was born in 1824, in Spartanburg District, S. C; son of James and Amelia (Owens) Crook, who lived in Spartanburg District and in Calhoun County, the former a native of Virginia, who was one of the leading politicians of South Carolina, was a Union man and served in the South Carolina legislature at the time the nullification bill was before the house; grand son of James Crook, who married a Miss Will iams, fought through the Revolutionary War, and after the war went to South Carolina, and of John and Lucy (Brockman) Owens, jr., the former of whom was a soldier in the Revolu tion. Mr. Crook was uncle of James Crook (q. v.), Judge Emmett Farrow Crook (q. v.) and Dr. John Martin Crook (q. v.). Mr. Crook came to Alabama with his parents in 1834, and settled on the Tallabatchee battle field, where his father opened up a farm. He received a limited education in an old log school 430 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY house, and after his father's death in 1849, took charge of the farm. He was a member of the Baptist Church. Married: in 1853, Sallie Chisolm, a native of Georgia, daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Whatley) Chisolm, also natives of Georgia. Children: 1. Millie; 2. Dora; 3. James Edward, physician, b. July 7, 1861, was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., "1881, from the University of Nashville, M. D., 1882, Jacksonville; 4. Mamie; 5. Samuel Wiles, jr., railroad con ductor, m. at Calera, Miss Cook, Gadsden. Last residence: Calhoun County. CROOM, ISAAC, planter, was born about 1797, in No.rth Carolina, and died in 1866 or 1867, in Alabama. He was connected with the same North Carolina family as Hardy B. Croom, esq., who with his wife and daughters, perished on the wreck of the steamer, Home, off Cape Hatteras in 1837, on the voyage from New York to Charleston. He was graduated at the University of North Carolina, 1815, in a class of eighteen members, among whom were John H. Bryan, congressman; Francis L. Hawkes, lawyer, minister and historian; Wil lie P. Mangum, senator in congress and presi dent of the senate, and Richard D. Spaight, governor. He was a planter of extensive means, and in 1830, moved with his property to Alabama, settling in Greene County. He continued his planting there, and during his life furnished frequent communications to the press on agricultural subjects. He was for many years president of the State agricultural society, and took a leading part in organizing the state fairs. He represented Greene County in the house during the session of 1844, and was strong in his support of the bill providing for the maintenance of the public faith and the payment of the state debt to the last dol lar. He was a Whig in politics, and was presi dent of the State Historical Society, which was organized a few years after the war. Last residence: Greene County. CROOM, STEPHENS, lawyer, was born December 12, 1839, in Quincy, Gadsden County, Fla., and died July 29, 1884, at Asheville, N. C; son of William Whitfield adn Julia (Stephens) Croom, natives of North Carolina. His parents remained in Florida until he was about twelve years old, up to which time he was taught by his mother. In 1851, he was sent to a private school near West Point, on the Hudson River, taught by Mr. Kingsby, and from there went to a school in New York, where he was pre pared for college. He entered the University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill, in 1856, and was graduated second in his class, 1859. After leaving college, he entered the law office of Hon. Wade Keys at Montgomery to study for the bar, and was admitted to practice in 1861. At the beginning of the War of Seces sion, he joined a company being raised by Capt. George Field, as a private. The company was assigned to the Eleventh Alabama regi ment as Co. B, under the command of Col. Sydenham Moore.' At Manassas Junction, Mr. Croom was detailed as clerk to the adjutant general of the brigade, commanded by Col. John H. Forney. He became Gen. Forney's adjutant general with the rank of captain, when the latter was put in command of the district comprising south Alabama and west Florida; accompanied Gen. Forney to the Mis sissippi department with the rank of major; and was on his staff at the seige of Vicksburg. After the surrender of Vicksburg, he became a member of Gen. Loring's staff; was with Johnston's army during his retreat in Georgia; and again joined Gen. Forney, then in com mand of the Trans-Mississippi department, re maining with him until the general and hia staff were paroled at Galveston, Tex., May, 1865. After the war, he returned to his fa ther's home in Eutaw, and opened a law office with George Goldthwaite, of Montgomery. He soon moved to Mobile, entered the office of P. & T. A. Hamilton, for three years, then opened an office by himself, and finally formed a partnership with Hon. Thomas H. Herndon. He died while on a visit to Asheville, N. C, in search of health. Married: in 1874, Mary Mar shall, daughter of B. F. Marshall, of Mobile, who with one child, a boy, survive him. Last residence: Mobile. CROSBY, CHESLEY, pioneer settler, was born July 22, 1788, in Chester District, S. C, and died May 22, 1864, at his home between Belleville and Sparta. He removed to Alabama and located in Conecuh County about 1818 where he accumulated considerable wealth. He left many descendants. He was a Baptist. Last residence: Conecuh County. CROSBY, JOHN, pioneer settler, was born in Chester District, S. C, and died in 1849, near Belleville. He removed to Alabama in 1832 and settled in Conecuh County. He owned sev eral plantations and many slaves. He was a Baptist and one of the early benefactors of Howard college. Last residence near Belle ville. CROSS, LUTHER B., Presbyterian minister, was born in 1857, at Pelham. His father was born in Illinois, lived at Pelham, served with Gen. Morgan during the War of Secession, and was a prisoner at Camp Douglas at the close of the war. His mother was Martha Lindsey, daughter of Elijah Lindsey, who lived near Montevallo, and his paternal grandfather was Z. Cross, who lived near the present village of Pelham. He received his early education in the country schools, and at Gaylesville High School, and for a short time was a student at Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn. He became a candidate for the ministry under the care of the Elyton Presbytery in 1880, and was ordained to the ministry in 1884. Since that time, he has been occupied in the pastorate, with the exception of a brief period when fail ing health caused him to withdraw from the work. He was stated clerk and treasurer of his Presbytery for most of the time during thirty years, and held that position in Birming ham in 1913. He is a Democrat. Married: April 5, 1888, near Catherine, to Lillie Mathews, daughter of William Thomas and Rebecca (Seavens) Mathews, who lived at Canton Bend. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 431 Children: 1. Robert Carroll; 2. Luther Law rence; 3. Frank Moore; 4. Annie Helen, de ceased. Residence: Gastonburg. CROSS, WILLIAM C, physician, was born July 31, 1856, in Colbert County, son of Dr. William C. and Mary (Harris) Cross, the for mer of whom was an eminent physician in his day. He was educated at Verulam high school, and at Randolph-Macon, in Virginia; he re ceived an A. M. degree from University of Alabama, 1877, and an M. D. from Vanderbilt university, Nashville, Tenn., 1880. He began the practice of his profession in Bibb County, removing in 1887 to Tuscaloosa, where he re mained until 1892 when he moved to Newbern, where he still resides and practices. He was for some years surgeon-general of the Alabama State troops, with the rank of colonel; is sen ior counselor of the Alabama medical associa tion; member of the American microscopical association; represented Tuscaloosa and Bibb Counties in the State senate 1886 and 1887. He is a Mason, Knight of Pythias, and member of the Psi Kappa Psi college fraternity. Mar ried: (1) in 1878, at Tuscaloosa, to Belle T. Prince; (2) in 1894, at Newbern, to Dida Jen nings. Residence: Newbern. CROW, CHARLES, Baptist minister, was for many years the most prominent man among the early Baptists of Alabama. He served at Okmulgee and other places and was the first president of the Alabama Baptist State con vention. CROW, EDWARD CALVIN, lawyer and one of the judges of the Tenth judicial circuit, was born June 18, 1866, at Moulton, Lawrence County; son of Dr. Calvin Austin and Ann Elizabeth (Traxton) Crow, the former a sur geon in Roddy's command and saw service at Shiloh and many other engagements; grand son of Daniel Crow, and wife, a Miss Cox, a native of North Carolina, the former a resident of Alexandria, and of Irish descent, was pro prietor of the Crow Iron Works near Anniston, which helped to furnish armor plate for the Confederacy, and of William and Sarah Jane (White) Thaxton, the former from Georgia, at one time a member of the Alabama legisla ture, the latter a daughter of Zachariah White, a general under Gen. Jackson in the Indian war, who lived near Carrollton at the time of his death. Judge Crow was educated in the schools at Moulton, and graduated in 1886 in academic work, and in 1888 in law, from the University of Alabama; entered upon the practice at Florence in September, 1888, where he remained several years; was registrar in chancery of Lauderdale County, 1895-1903, but resigned and removed to Birmingham. On May 10, 1910 he was appointed one of the judges of the Tenth judicial circuit to fill the unex pired term of Judge A. A. Coleman. On No vember 8, 1910, he was elected for a term of six years and again in 1916 was re-elected. For a number of years he was a member of the Third Alabama infantry, National guard. He is a Democrat; Methodist; and a Mason. Mar ried: in 1889, Evie, daughter of John Perry and Susan (Bentley) McKee, of Camden. Children: 1. Elizabeth Malton; 2. Lucy; 3. Evelyn. Residence: Birmingham. CROW, JAMES McCOLLOUGH, business man, was bora March 16, 1836, at Florence, Lauderdale County; son of Thomas J. and Elizabeth (Hooks) Crow, the former a native of Adair County, Kentucky., who later removed to Florence, where he resided until his death in 1869, an architect and contractor, and pro prietor of Crow's hotel, alderman and Mason; grandson of Thomas and Nancy (Donally) Crow, the former a native of Botetourt County, Va., soldier of the Revolutionary War, sur veyor and teacher who settled in Kentucky prior to 1800, and of David and Mary (McCol- lough) Hooks of Pulaski, Giles County, Tenn.; great-grandson of William and Margaret (Lew is) Crow, and of Hilary and Elizabeth (Can non) Hooks, of North Carolina; great-great- grandson of John and Margaret (Lynn) Lewis; great-great-great-grandson of David Lynn of Loch Lynn, Scotland. Two great-uncles, An drew and Charles Lewis, were generals in the Continental Army, and another great-uncle, Thomas Lewis, was a member of the house of burgesses, and also a member of the Virginia convention of 1776. Mary Hooks, sister of Hil ary, married Col. Ezekiel Slocum of the Con tinental Army. Andrew Lewis Crow, great- uncle, on the paternal side, married Margaret Montgomery, sister or daughter of Gen. Mont gomery, who was killed at Quebec. The Lewis family were Huguenots who fled from France after the revocation of the edict of Nantes in 1655 and settled in North Ireland. There were three of the brothers, William, Samuel and John. The Crows, on account of persecution, left Scotland during the reign of James I and II, and settled in northern Ireland, from whence they removed to America. James Mc- Collough Crow was educated in the common schools of Florence, and early entered upon a business career. He was bookkeeper for a mercantile firm in Florence from 1858 to 1861 at which latter date he entered the C. S. Army in which he fought gallantly in Wilcox's bri gade from the beginning of hostilities to the surrender at Appomattox. He was first a lieutenant in Co. D., 9th Alabama infantry regi ment, and was promoted to the captaincy in the fall of 1861. After the battle of Gettys burg, he was promoted major. After that date, he located in St. Louis, Mo., where he was bookkeeper for a business house for five years. In 1866 he returned to Florence and went into the mercantile business, the firm being Crow and Miller. Later he disposed of his interest and became chief clerk on river steamboats. After four years in this capacity he removed to Satillo, Tenn., where once more he entered the mercantile business, dealing principally in cotton and white oak timber for foreign ship ments. He was assessor of Florence, 1897- 1901. He is a Democrat; Christian Scientist; Odd Fellow; Elk; Mason and was a Ku-Klux. Married: April 30, 1867, at Florence, to Mary Josephine, daughter of Washington M. and Mary (Munn) Brandon, who lived near that place, the former a successful planter and 432 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY manufacturer of cotton goods, the Brandon cot ton mills on Cypress Creek, Lauderdale County, being his property. Children: 1. Thomas Wood, civil engineer and contractor, educated at the Florence Wesleyan university, Florence; as sisted in building Colbert shoals canal on the Tennessee River, and has done much other work for the government in Colorado and Montana in irrigation canals and also work on the Mississippi River levees; has been con nected with railroad work in Arkansas, Ten nessee and Louisiana; is now operating phos phate mines in Florida and Tennessee and coal mines in Walker County, by the process of re moving the overburden instead of tunnelling, the operation being known as strip mining: m. Louise Allen Finley, reside in Jasper; 2. Mary Elizabeth, m. Jeff H. Johnson, Mt. Pleasant, Tenn., who has charge of the phosphate opera tion in Tennessee. Last residence: Jasper. CROWELL, JOHN, Indian agent, first and only territorial delegate to congress and first representative in congress from Alabama, was born about 1785, in Halifax County, N. C, and died January 25, 1846, at Fort Mitchell; son of Edward Crowell, who, with his brother John, emigrated from Woodbridge, N. J., to Hall- fax County, N. C, where he married Miss Ray- burn, aunt to Gov. Rayburn of Georgia. The Crowells are of English descent; the ancestors were originally called Cromwell. The family in this country is descended from two brothers of Oliver Cromwell who fled from England in 1674 to escape from the loyalists, came to America and settled in New Jersey. While on the voyage, fearing that persecution would follow from adherents of Charles II, then on the English throne, they resolved to change the name. This was done, with solemn ceremony, by writing their name on paper, each cutting from the paper the letter "m," and casting it into the sea. The family pedigree on vellum recording those facts was with the family in North Carolina, in an ornamental chest with other valuables, when a party of Tarletoh's legion, in 1781, seized the chest and bore it off. The record was again made up from the recollection of the family and is still preserved among them. Mr. Crowell came to Alabama as the agent of the government to the Muscogees in 1815. He had a temporary residence in St. Stephens in 1817, and was elected, March 4, 1818, by the first territorial legislature, a dele gate to the Fifteenth congress. In the Six teenth congress, he was the first member of the lower house of congress from Alabama, be ing elected by the people in 1819. He served in that body until 1821, then was agent for the Creek Indians, 1821-1836. He was a patron of the turf, and his horses were the favorites on many of the courses of the South. He was never married. Last residence: Fort Mitchell. CROZAT, ANTOINE, French financier. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. CRUIKSHANK, GEORGE MARCUS, journal ist was born March 15, 1852, neax Lexington, Woodford County Ky.; son of Marcus Hender son and Matilda Washington (Chrisman) Cruikshank (q. v.). He was educated at Pea- body Institute, Talladega, at Southwood Acad emy, and at Synodical College. After gradua- ation from college, he taught at Talladega for some time, and was elected principal of the blind department of the State institution for the deaf, dumb and blind. He held that po sition for six years, until the death of his father compelled him to resign and lead a more active life. He began to practice law, and took editorial charge of the "Reporter," succeeding his father, 1881-1883. He was ad mitted to the bar in 1882. He practiced law in Talladega, 1882-1883, and was appointed gen eral administrator of Talladega County, re maining in that position until 1883, when he moved to Birmingham. He at once bought an interest in the Birmingham "Chronicle," with F. V. Evans, and became its editor. Soon afterward, in partnership with Mr. Evans, he founded the "Evening Chronicle." He con tinued in that work until 1889; became super intendent of the house folding room, at Wash ington, D. C, during the Fifty-second and Fifty-third congresses, 1891-1895; was assist ant postmaster at Birmingham, 1893-1897; and became editor of the Birmingham "Ledger," in 1897. He is a Democrat, a Presbyterian, a Master Mason, a member of the Alabama Press Association, of the Brimingham Press Club, of the Commercial Club of Birmingham, and is president of the Birmingham Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Married: November 17, 1897, at Birmingham, Mary Ra chel Smith, daughter of Matthew T. Smith, of Birmingham. Children: 1. Mary George; 2. Marcus. Residence: Birmingham. CRUIKSHANK, MARCUS HENDERSON, public official, was born in 1826 in Autauga County. His father was a Scotchman who set tled in Autauga County in 1822; his mother was the daughter of Lachlan McNeil, an early resident of Autauga County. He read law in Talladega under White & Parsons, and became a member of the firm in 1847. He was register in chancery, and mayor of the town of Talla dega, and became editor of the "Reporter," 1855. In 1863, he was elected to the Confed erate congress, defeating Col. Curry, and served until the final adjournment of that body in 1865. The same year Gov. Parsons appointed him commissioner for the relief of the desti tute of the state, a position which he held three years. Married: Matilda Washington Chrisman, daughter of Col. Joseph H. Crisman, who, at the outbreak of the War of Secession, being too old for active service, went to Mis souri and acted as drill master of Price's army; granddaughter of Gen. McDowell of Revolutionary fame. Children: 1. George Mar cus (q. v.). Last residence: Talladega. CRUM, BENJAMIN PERCY, lawyer, was born March 7, 1864, in Lowndes County; son of Benjamin Dulaney and Eleanor Elizabeth (Oliver) Crum, the former of whom was born in Lowndes County, lived in Selma, served as a lieutenant with Bragg's forces, 1861-1864, and participated in all of his important bat tles; grandson of Samuel P. and Isaphena (Du- DR. HENRY M. CALDWELL DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 435 laney) Crum, who were of Scotch descent, and came to Lowndes County from South Carolina in the early history of Alabama, and of John and Miranda (Bryan) Oliver, who lived in Lowndes County, the former of whom was a na tive of Ireland, born in 1800, who, when quite a young man, occupied the chair of mathematics in Dublin University, and came to America about 1830, settling in Lowndes County where he was married in 1832. Mr. Crum received his preparatory education in the common schools of Lowndes and Dallas Counties, and was grad uated from the University of Alabama with the degree of LL.B., 1887. He began to prac tice law with the late George R. Farnham, and continued in that association until 1894, when he moved to Montgomery and formed a partnership with the late Tennent Lomax and Leon Weil. He is a Democrat and a member of the Sigma Nu college fraternity. Married: October 30, 1889, at Greenville, Emma Crump- ton, daughter of Boardman Hartwell and Ralphine Caroline (Armstrong) Crumpton (q. v.). Children: 1. Sallie Clyan, m. Chollett Berney Boykin, resides in Montgomery; 2. Eleanor, m. Joseph Harris Washburn, resides In Montgomery; 3. Isabel; 4. Tennent Lomax; 5. Bennie. Residence: Montgomery. CRUM, DANIEL FLOYD, planter and legis lator, was born October 22, 1854, at Farmers- ville; son of Samuel Daniel and Eren Ellen (Hays) Crum, natives of Orangeburg, S. C, who removed to Farmersville ; grandson of Jacob A. and Mary Crum of Orangeburg Dis trict, S. C, and of Green Berry and Sue Anna (Crum) Hays, of Butler County. He was edu cated at the country schools of Farmersville; has been a merchant's clerk and a merchant, and is now a farmer. From 1875 to 1890 he was county registrar. He was a member of the legislature of 1903 and 1907 from Lowndes County. For ten years he was a member of the Lowndes County Democratic executive com mittee. In 1907 he was a member of the pro hibition campaign committee of Lowndes County. He is a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: November 21, 1878, at Farmersville, to Nettie Frances, daughter of David Lee and Mary Ingram (Lee) Bozeman, of Lowndes County, the former a captain in the 44th Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. Chil dren: 1. Maggie Irene, m. John Waller Hay- good, physician, Evergreen. Residence: Farm ersville. CRUMP, WALTER SCOTT, farmer, mer chant, lawyer and legislator, was born August 11, 1873, at Lincoln, Talladega County; son of Dr. Henry Green and Mary Elizabeth (Braden) Crump, the former lived practically all his life in St. Clair County, practicing medicine; grand son of Barton Guess and Bessie Lee (Gibson) Crump, and of Solomon and Sara Elizabeth (Weeds) Braden. He was educated in the com mon schools of St. Clair County; graduated at Alabama polytechnic institute with the B. Sc. degree and was captain Co. B, corps of cadets, 1893 ; studied law in the office of John B. Knox, Anniston; admitted to the bar in 1895; is at present in the mercantile, farming, and live stock business. He was a member of the court of county commissioners of St. Clair, and was elected to the legislature from that county, 1918. He is a Democrat and a member of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon college fraternity. Mar ried: June 16, 1908, at Rome, Ga., to Eva Pearl, daughter of Charles Madison and Sara Eugenia (Stubbs) Joyner. Children: 1. Sara Elizabeth; 2. Walter Stubbs; 3. Charles Henry. Residence: Seddon. CRUMP, WILLIAM N., lieutenant colonel, 49 th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. CRUMPLER, ALBERT, farmer and Metho dist minister, was born November 29, 1808, near Norfolk, Va., and died November 29, 1882, in Talladega County; son of Beasant and Eliza beth (Wright) Crumpler, natives respectively of England and Ireland who came to America soon after the Revolutionary War and settled in Virginia, and removed to Alabama during the early years of the State's history and lo cated in Coosa County. Albert Crumpler was a farmer, tanner, shoemaker, and ordained Methodist minister,' but would accept no pay for preaching. He was a member of the Seces sion convention of Alabama, 1861, and was elected to the legislature which met soon there after. He removed to Childersburg, Talladega County, later in life. He was a Mason. Mar ried: in Autauga County, to Maria, daughter of Nicholas and Catherine (Speigner) Zeigler, the former born of German parents in South Carolina, and lived at Washington, or Dutch Bend, Autauga County. Children: 1. Albert, m. Elizabeth Ann Morriss; 2. Catherine E., m. Capt. John Oden; 3. Lewis Henry (q. v.), m. Antoinette Irene Oden. Last residence: Talla dega County. CRUMPLER, LEWIS HENRY, farmer and merchant, was born December 27, 1843, at Nix- burg, Coosa County, and died February 14, 1910, at Sylacauga; son of Albert and Maria (Zeigler) Crumpler, (q. v.). He received his early education in the neighborhood schools of his native county and at Wewoka academy. At the outbreak of the War of Secession he was a student at the Southern military acad emy for which he had been prepared at the Lowndesboro college. He enlisted in the Con federate Army, and was made lieutenant of Company F, Eighth Alabama infantry regiment, of which former Gov. John A. Winston was com mander. He resigned the next year to return home and raise a company of which he was elected captain, mustered into Confederate service as Company C, 59th Alabama infantry regiment, which was formerly the consolida tion of the second and fourth battalions of Hilllard's legion. He was promoted to the rank of major in 1864 and was in command of his regiment at the close of the war; was wounded at Bean's Station, Chickamauga and Hatch's Run; in 1864 fought with Grade's brigade in defense of Petersburg, Va.; was in the heat of the fight in Snodgrass Hill, which closed the day of September 20, with a glor ious victory, and was commended in the re ports of the battle for gallantry in leading 436 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY his company. After the war he returned to Alabama, located at Sylacauga, and engaged in farming and merchandising. He was a Demo crat, Mason and Methodist. Married: Decem ber 14, 1865, to Nettie Irene, daughter of Joshua and Charlotte (Funderburg) Oden, of Sylacauga, one of the pioneer citizens of Talla dega County, a descendant of Alex Oden, one of three brothers, Joshua and Hezekiah being the other two, who came to America with Lord Baltimore and later fought in the Revolution ary War. Joshua located in Virginia, Heze kiah in Tennessee, and Alex in Maryland, later to remove to Edgefield District, South Caro lina. In 1819, he located in Alabama. The Odens were of Scotch-English stock. Children: 1. Lottie, m. George W. Phillips, Sylacauga; 2. John Henry, m. Lillian Roth, Tahlequah, Okla.; 3. Ermine Irene, m. Henry M. Hammett, Fort Meade, Fla.; 4. AI Joshua, m. Charlotte Ray, Jackson, Tenn.; 5. Otis Zeigler, m. Mary Camp bell, Jackson, Tenn.; 6. Zulah Bussey, Syla cauga. Last residence: Sylacauga. CRUMPTON, BOARDMAN HARTWELL, Baptist minister, was born March 19, 1840, at Pleasant Hill, Dallas County, and died Oc tober 13, 1909, at Bay Minette; son of John and Mary Ann (Ulmer) Crumpton, who lived at Pleasant Hill; grandson of Peter Ulmer, who came from Germany to America, landing in Buford, S. C, early in the eighteenth cen tury, and emigrated from there to Alabama, where he lived at Pleasant Hill and Selma. He obtained his early education In the coun try school at Pleasant Hill, and . spent two years at Howard College, then located at Marion, Perry County, where he was a stu dent for the Baptist ministry. He was gradu ated from that institution, June 1859, was or dained that same month, and began his first missionary work in and around Pleasant Hill, Dallas County, at the same time engaging in farming on his widowed mother's plantation. He was chaplain in the C. S. Army during the War of Secession, 1861-1865. After the war, he had official connection with the schools in the towns where he preached. He also farmed on a small scale for a great many years in or der to educate his children. He preached in the district in which he was born for fifty years. He was a Democrat, a Mason and a Knight of Pythias. Married: October 27, 1859, Ralphine Caroline Armstrong, daughter of Dr. Ralph Clay and Cornelia (Thompson) Armstrong, who lived at Montgomery and died during the childhood of their son and daughter. After the death of their parents, Mrs. Crumpton and her brother, Waddy Thompson Armstrong, were adopted by Dr. and Mrs. Henry Talbird, the former of whom was one of the earliest pastors of the First Baptist church of Montgomery and after wards president of Howard College at Marion, being at that college when the institution was burned. She was a first cousin of H. Clay Armstrong and of Gov. Hugh Thompson of South Carolina. Children: 1. Mary Cornelia, m. Judge P. C. Walker, Hendersonville, N. C; 2. Martha Elizabeth, m. Adam McCreary, Eagle Lake, Tex.; 3. Margaret Eveline, m. (1) Er nest McCreary, deceased, (2) Samuel Dunn, Evergreen; 4. Emma, m. Benjamin Percy Crum (q. v.) ; 5. Sallie, m. Homer Hayes, Union Springs; 6. Addie, m. Benjamin Alston Lide, Rockingham, N. C; 7. Lena, m. Bruce Luttrell, Bay Minette; 8. Rev. Henry Talbird, m. Lucile Pettus, deceased, Huntsville. Last residence: Belleville. CRUMPTON, WASHINGTON BRYAN, Bap tist minister, was born February 24, 1842, at Camden, Wilcox County; son of Henry Tally and Matilda (Bryan) Crumpton, who lived at Cahaba, Camden, and Pine Apple, the former of whom was a native of South Carolina; grand son of Richard Bryan, of South Carolina. The Cromptons came from England originally, and the Bryans from Ireland. Ancestors on both sides fought in the Revolutionary and Indian wars. Rev. Crumpton received his early school ing in Camden, Pine Apple and Pleasant Hill. He enlisted in the Thirty-seventh Mississippi infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and served as sergeant until near the close of war, when he was elected lieutenant. He was wounded at Vicksburg, at Nashville, and in front of At lanta. He attended Georgetown College, Ken tucky, soon after the War of Secession, but was never graduated. He began to preach in 1867, and was ordained to the regular work of the Baptist ministry, January 31, 1870, at Town Creek church, Dallas County, at the re quest of the Pleasant Hill church. W. C. Cleveland, D. D., and T. M. Bailey, D. D., acted as ordaining counsel. He was a Bap tist pastor for many years, and has been cor responding secretary of the Baptist State Mis sionary Board for twenty-five years. He was an advocate of prohibition for more than thirty- five years, and was president of the Alabama Anti-Saloon League from the time of its or ganization through 1912. Author: "A Book of Memories, 1842-1920." He is a Democrat. Married: (1) Ellen Cochran, deceased, daugh ter of Claudius M. and Elenor Cochran, who lived at Cambridge, Dallas County, and had come to that place from South Carolina; (2) Florence I. Johnson, of Louisville, Ky., widow of W. M. Harris, D. D., who was pastor of the First Baptist church of Montgomery at the time of his death. Children: 1. William Cochran, lawyer, who served in the State senate, m. Mamie Cortro, Evergreen; 2. Robert Cochran, "physician, m. Claudia Evangeline Crumpton, a teacher at Greensboro, N. C, Chi cago; 3. Washington Bryan, jr., teacher, m. Ralphine Walker, Blountsville; 4. Ilda, m. Rev. Charles Vernon Edwards, pastor of the Baptist church at Greenwood, Miss.; 5. Martha, m. Rev. James M. Shelburne, pastor of the Bap tist church at Bristol, Va. Residence: Mont gomery. CRUMPTON, WILLIAM COCHRAN, lawyer and legislator, was born March 13, 1873, at Shields Mill, Dallas County; son of Washing ton Bryan and Ellen (Cochran) Crumpton (q. v.). He received his early education in the country schools and attended Marion military institute, 1889, where he was captain of his com pany, and Howard College, East Lake, 1890-91. His professional education was acquired at DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 437 Cornell university in 1896. During the latter year he was admitted to the bar and entered the practice at Evergreen in 1898. He was a nominee to the proposed constitutional con vention of 1898; and in 1900 was defeated for the legislature by J. M. Foshee, Independent. In 1911 he was a member of the State senate from the 17th district. He is a Democrat; Baptist, and a Knight of Pythias. Married: June 15, 1908 to Mamie, daughter of Thomas Clay and Azeline E. (Lott) Carter of Meridian, Miss.; granddaughter of W. H. Lott, many years tax collector for Mobile County. The Carters are of the prominent Virginia family of that name. Residence: Evergreen. CRUSE, MARY ANN, author, was born about 1835, in Virginia, and died in 1910, in Hunts ville. She lived in Huntsville and was author of a novel, "Cameron Hall," published in 1866, a story of the War of Secession which brought her into prominence as an author. She also published several Sunday-school books for chil dren, in which her purpose was to strengthen in the minds of her readers a clear under standing of the teachings of the Episcopal faith. "The Little Episcopalian" was first pub lished by her in 1854, and was endorsed by the General Protestant Episcopal Sunday School Union and Church Book Society. That book was followed by its sequel, "Bessie Melville," and in 1888, by "Little Grandpa." Miss Cruse was never married. Last residence: Hunts ville. CRYMES, AUGUSTIN CLAYTON, physician, was born in 1834, in Heard County, Ga., son of Dr. George W. and Jane S. (Ector) Crymes who were married in 1831 in Heard County, Ga., the former, of English descent, was born in 1809 in Greenville District, S. C, the latter, a native of Oglethorpe County, Ga., was born in 1816. His father was graduated in medi cine from the Transylvania University, Lex ington, Ky., and practiced in Georgia at At lanta and in Heard County, then moved to Alabama and practiced his profession at Oak Bowery, Chambers County, at Tuskegee, Macon County, and at Enon, Bullock County, where he died in 1873. Dr. Crymes studies medicine under his father, attended his first course of lectures at the Louisville Medical College, Ken tucky, 1854-1855, and was graduated from the Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia, Pa., 1856. He practiced medicine for a short time at Indian Creek, Bullock County, then went to Batesville, Barbour County. In 1862, he was appointed surgeon of the Thirty-ninth Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and fol lowed Gen. Bragg through his Kentucky cam paign. He was in the engagements at Mur freesboro, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and the Atlanta campaign; was at Franklin, at Nashville, and in the retreat to Corinth; was with Johnston in North Carolina, and in the fight at Kingston and Bentonville. When the war was over, he returned to his practice at Batesville, remaining there until 1882, when he settled at Midway. At that place, he be came occupied in planting, in addition to his practice as a physician. He is a Methodist, a Mason, and a member of the state and county medical associations. Married: 1867, Mattie R. Wilson, daughter of L. R. Wilson, who came from South Carolina to Alabama about 1850, settled on a plantation in Barbour County where he lived until his death in 1873. Chil dren: 1. Emma O, m. F. L. Merritt; 2. Au- gustin Clayton, jr.; 3. Walter W.; 4. Mattie; 5. George W., d. when seven years of age. Residence: Midway, Bullock County. CULBERSON, CHARLES A., congressman, was born June 10, 1855, at Dadeville; son of David B. and Eugenia (Kimball) Culberson, the former for twenty-two years congressman from Texas and colonel, 18th Texas infantry regiment, C. S. Army. He removed with his parents at an early age to Texas; attended the common schools of Gilmer and Jefferson Counties; graduated from Virginia military institute, Lexington, 1874; studied law at the University of Virginia, 1876-77; returned to Texas and began the practice of his profession. He was elected attorney general, 1890 and 1892 ; governor of Texas for two terms, 1894 and 1896; elected to the U. S. senate, January 25, 1899, reelected in 1905, 1911, and again in 1917. Residence: Dallas, Tex. CULLENS, FREDERIC BACON, physician, was born August 2, 1863, at Ft. Gaines, Ga.; son of Francis Tennille and Harriet Emma (Coachman) Cullens the former born at Scotts boro, near Milledgeville, Ga., was a graduate of Oglethorpe college, a lawyer, a veteran of the Mexican War, member of the Georgia legis lature from Clay County, solicitor-general in Georgia and was captain of Co. G, 1st Georgia regulars, C. S. Army; grandson of Wiley Wim berly and Mary Bacon (Tennille) Cullens of Sandersville, Ga., the former a lawyer, two ancestors of the latter, Major Algenon Sydney Tennille and Col. William Tennille, were for a long time residents of Ft. Gaines, Col. Ten nille lost an arm in war with the Indians, was comptroller general of Georgia, in time of the War of Secession, and an earlier ancestor, Lieut. Francis Tennille was in the Revolu tionary War, and of James and Sarah Coach man of Huguenot origin, who lived at Old Steam Mill, near Bainbridge, Decatur County, Ga.; great-grandson of Benjamin Coachman, to whom a monument exists erected to com memorate the gift of one hundred pounds for the erection of a church on the Pee Dee River, S. C; and descended from several generations of patriotic representatives of the Tennille family. Dr. Cullens was educated at home; attended the medical department of Tulane university, at New Orleans, 1895-96; the Mem phis hospital medical college, 1896-97 and 1899; licensed to practice in 1897; and since that date has practiced his profession at Ozark. In 1913 he served as coroner. He is a Demo crat; a Methodist; a Mason; an Odd Fellow; a Knight of Pythias, and Woodman of the World. Author: "Where the magnolias bloom," 89 pp.; "The serpent's trail," 168 pp.; "Leg end of Klondyke — A short story"; and has contributed many articles to professional mag azines and to newspapers. Married: Septem- 438 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ber 17, 1891, at Ozark, to Annie Laurie, daugh ter of E. F., and Mary Davis, of Lawrenceville, Henry County; the former a lieutenant in the C. S. Army. Children: 1. Frederic Bacon jr.; and 2. Annie Laurie, graduate of Sullins Col lege, Bristol, Va., 1913; 3. James Wimberly; 4. John Francis; 5. Mary Emma; 6. Helen Mavourneen. Residence : Ozark. CULLMAN, JOHANN GOTTFRIED, mer chant and colonizer promoter, was born July 2, 1823, at Frankweiler, Canton Landau, Rhein- pfalz, Bavaria, and died December 5, 1895, at Cullman; son of Gottfried and Juliane Schnei der) Cullman; grandson of Gottfried and Louise (Becker) Cullman, and of Jacob and Christianna (Laugel) Schneider, all residents of Frankweiler. John G. Cullman received a good education in the city school of Frank weiler, of which his father was principal; and was graduated from the Polytechnic college at Zweibrucken, Bavaria. He at once entered upon a mercantile career, was proprietor of an establishment at Neustadt an der Haard, and became a large American exporter. Po litically he held views not in harmony with that of his government at the time, and being fearless in their advocacy, he soon found. him self in the midst of a short-lived revolution, in which he held for one day the command of a regiment of revolutionists, from which he acquired the title of colonel. The war with Denmark in 1864 causing his failure in busi ness, he came to the United States in the same year. He finally settled in Cincinnati where he found employment in a bookstore, remain ing there until 1871, when he visited Alabama, with a view to establishing a German colony. At Florence he met Gov. R. M. Patton, who became so interested in hia enterprise that he furnished him with men and horses with which to explore the country, in the search for a suitable location. After a careful survey of the field in 1872 he contracted with the Louis ville and Nashville railroad co. for 349,000 acres of land, the terms being that he should pay for the advertising and all other expenses incident to the bringing to America of the de sired immigrants. In 1873 on the site of the town of Cullman, he located his first colony, consisting of fourteen German families. Later a number of Georgia farmers came in. The town was laid out in half acre lots, with streets and avenues one hundred feet wide. To every denomination he donated a full block of two acres on which to build a house of worship. He took the initiative in every pub lic improvement and donated liberally to en terprises that looked to the material and edu cational progress of the colony. During 1878 Col. Cullman entered into additional contracts with the Louisville and Nashville railroad co., whereby he came into possession of an addi tional tract of 300,000 acres of land, lying along the railroad between Decatur and Montgom ery, and to the sale and settlement of these lands he gave his special attention. In Janu ary, 1886, he organized the North Alabama land company with a paid up capital of $150,- 000. In May of the same year he made a trip to Europe in the interest of imntigration, and returned in the fall to find the North Ala bama boom at its height. Realizing his great opportunity, in February, 1888, he organized1 the North Alabama land and immigration com pany, with a capital of $2,000,000, the com pany at one time owning 160,000 acres Of land, and 1,000 lots in Cullman. He founded Garden City in 1876. Immigrants were also located by him in settlements along the rail road, and at other places in the State. At different times he brought over and located in the State more than one hundred thousand persons, all under his immediate supervision. As an evidence of the regard in which he was held by persons of high official position in Ala bama, during Gov. Houston's administration he was invited by that gentleman to formulate a plan of immigration. He did so, and the plan though adopted by the senate was de feated in the house. At the succeeding ses sion, the measure again came up and was adopted by the house, but defeated by the senate. Col. Cullman was a Democrat, and was in fact thoroughly imbued with Demo cratic ideas before coming to America. He was often solicited by his friends to be a candidate for political office, but he never yielded to their solicitations, although he was always a hard worker in the party campaign. He was a Mason and a Lutheran. He was much beloved and the large concourse at his funeral showed well the high estimation in which he was held by the people of Cullman County. Married: in 1847, at Landstuhl, to Josephine, daughter of Theodor and Marie Loeb. She never came to America, but lived with her daughter, Maria, the wife of Lud- wig Richard, at Frankfort on the Main, where she died at the age of seventy-five. Children: 1. Theodor; 2. Otto; 3. Marie, m. Ludwig Rich ard. The sons were both associated in busi ness with their father at Cullman, and both died of typhoid fever at the age of twenty-six. Last residence: Cullman. CULVER, FRANK PUGH, educator, was born July 31, 1863, at Lawrenceville; son of Maj. Isaac Franklin and Nancy (McSwean) Culver (q v.). Rev. Dr. Culver received the de gree of M. A. from Southern university, 1888, and the honorary degree of D. D. from South western university, Texas, 1912. He was ordained a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, 1888; served at Oxford, 1888-91; Anniston, 1892-96; Tuscaloosa, 1897-1902; Huntsville, 1903-05; Eleventh avenue church, Birmingham, 1906-08; presiding elder Birming ham district, 1909-11; president Polytechnic college, Ft. Worth, Tex., 1911-15; pastor, Waco, Tex., 1915-18; First church, Fort Worth, Tex., 1918 to date. He is a Democrat; Mason; and a member of the Kappa Alpha college frater nity. Married: (1) to Ella Taylor, of Greens boro, (2) April 23, 1901, to Mary Lee White, of Meridian, Miss. Residence: Ft. Worth, Tex. CULVER, ISAAC FRANKLIN, planter, was born October 20, 1830, at Sparta, Hancock County, Ga.; son of Isaac and Margaret (Grace) Culver, natives of Hancock County, Ga., who came to Alabama in 1851, and located in Henry DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 439 County, where the former died in 1858 at the age of sixty-two years, and the latter in 1867, at seventy-eight years; grandson of John Cul ver, an Englishman, who was brought in his youth to America by his parents, who first located in Delaware but subsequently moved to Georgia where he married, lived and died, and grandson of Jephtha Grace, a planter who lived and died in Hancock County, Ga. Maj. Culver completed his education at Mt. Zion, Hancock County, Ga., farmed there until- he moved to Alabama in 1851; located in Henry County, where he resided until 1860 ; and moved to Bullock County which has since been his home. In May, 1861, he joined Co. A, Sixth Alabama infantry, C. S. Army, as a private, and was at once sent to Virginia. He fought at Seven Pines, Cold Harbor, Mal vern' Hill, Fredericksburg, Boonsboro Gap, Sharpsburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, the Wilderness, and at other points. At the expiration of his first term of enlistment for one year, he was commissioned captain; was promoted to major after the battle of Chancellorsville, and was made lieutenant- colonel at Petersburg with command of the regiment. He was wounded at Malvern Hill, Boonsboro Gap, and at Gettysburg. After the war, he returned to his farm in Bullock County. He was elected to the State legisla ture in 1878, and re-elected in 1880, serving through both terms as chairman of the com mittee on temperance. When his term in the legislature had expired, Maj. Culver was elected superintendent of education for Bullock County, which office he held for six years. During that period, he was president of the State Agricultural Society and of the Alabama State Fair Association. He has been a stockholder in the Union Springs Cotton Mills, and a di rector in the oil mill company. He served as state commissioner of agriculture, 1896-1900. Maj. Culver is a Democrat; a Methodist, serv ing as steward in the church for twenty-five years; and a Mason. Married: (1) in 1850, Mary Boran, who was born and educated in Washington, Wilkes County, Ga., and died in 1858, daughter of John Boran, a Georgian, who died at Wash ington, Ga.; (2) December 16, 1860, Nancy McSwean Pugh, widow of Dr. Thomas Pugh, cousin of James L. Pugh, U. S. senator, daugh ter of Roderick and Mary (Cambell) Mc Swean, who were married in North Carolina, came to Alabama in 1836, and settled at Clay ton, Barbour County, the former a native of Scotland, who came to America when a young man. Children, by first marriage: 1. Maggie, m. (1) J. J. Ramsey, a horse breeder of Union Springs, deceased; (2) Rev. S. M. Hasmer, Brundidge; 2. Mary L., m. William R. Eth- ridge; 3. Fannie H, m. D. F. Sessions, Ozark; by second marriage, 4. Roderick McSwean, planter, Ensley; 5. Rev. Frank Pugh, college president, b. July 31, 1863, at Lawrenceville, was graduated from Southern University, M. A. 1888, ordained in the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, 1888, pas tor at Oxford, 1888-1891, at Anniston, 1892- 1896, at Tuscaloosa, 1897-1902, at Huntsville, 1903-1905, at Eleventh Avenue church, Birm ingham, 1906-1908, presiding elder of Birming ham district, 1909-1911, and has been president of the Polytechnic College, Fort Worth, Tex., since 1911, m. (1) Ella Taylor of Greensboro, who died August 28, 1896, (2) April 23, 1901, Mary Lee White, of Meridian, Miss., resides at Forth Worth, Tex. Residence: Union Springs. CUMBEE, REUBEN ANDREW JACKSON, probate judge and Baptist minister, was born June 9, 1833, in Meriwether County, Ga.; son of Reuben and Sarah (McCall) Cumbee, the former a native of Newberry District, S. C, who removed soon after his marriage to Meri wether County, Ga., later removing to Ala bama, lived in Chambers and Randolph Coun ties where he was a planter. Sarah (McCall) Cumbee's paternal grandfather was a soldier of the Revolution. R. A. J. Cumbee was educated in the common schools and the high school at Milltown, Chambers County. He was ordained to preach at Bacon Level, Ran dolph County and preached there and in Heard County, Ga., until the beginning of the War of Secession. He enlisted as a private in Co. F, 14th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, was made third lieutenant, saw service in Vir ginia, being in the battles of Seven Pines, the seven day fight around Richmond, Salem Church, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Wilderness and Gaines Farm. He returned to Chambers County and preached and taught at Fredonia until 1876, when he removed to Tallapoosa County, preaching at Dadeville and Alexander City, later removing to Clay County, where he preached at Lineville and Ashland. He was elected probate judge of Tallapoosa County in 1880 serving six years, defeated in 1886 and reelected in 1892. Married: (1) in 1857, in Heard County, Ga., to Mary R. Stodghill; (2) in 1873, at Bacon Level, Randolph County, to Catherine E. Trent; (3) November, 1892, at Fredonia, to Fannie, daughter of William Bon ner of that place. Children: by first wife; 1. Sarah E., m. S. H. Gillam; by second wife, Annie Pearl. Residence: Tallapoosa County. CUMMING, JOHN BRYANT, Methodist min ister, was born August 11, 1859, at Hatchechub- bee, Russell County; son of Seaborn Jones and Mary (Parsons) Cumming, the former a native of Georgia, who removed to Alabama in 1848 where he lived until his death; grand son of Rev. Mr. Cumming, a Primitive Baptist minister and a soldier in the War of 1812, and of Wright Flournoy and Alcey (Wright) Par sons, of Georgia. Rev. Mr. Cumming received his education at Louisville academy and at the Southern university, 1879-80, but did not gradu ate. He joined the Alabama Conference Meth odist Episcopal church, South, in December, 1881, in which he remained until November, 1912, when he transferred to the Northern Ala bama conference; was president East Lake atheneum, 1895-97; editor of the "Alabama Christian Advocate," 1910-1912; financial agent Birmingham college, 1912. He is a Democrat; a Mason; Knight Templar; Odd Fellow and 440 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Knight of Pythias. Married: at East Lake, October 21, 1891, Rosa, daughter of Solomon and Mary (Law) Palmer (q. v.). Children: 1. John Palmer; 2. Bryant Flournoy, of Corpus Christi, Texas; 3. Mary Virginia; 4. Edwin Davis; 5. Rosa Lee; 6. Maude Louise; 7. and 8., d. in infancy. Residence: Birmingham. CUMMING, SAMUEL JAMES, lawyer, was born in September, 1821, at Baltimore, Md., and died at Birmingham in 1893; son of Sam uel and Mary Ann "(McLean) Cumming, the former a native of Scotland, who came with his family to Baltimore in 1819, where he died in 1823, resulting in the return of his family to England. Mr. Cumming's early edu cation was received at Plymouth, England. At the age of fourteen his family again returned to Baltimore, where he attended high school. He taught school in Easton, Md., and then studied law and later he pursued his studies under Judge Brockenbourg in Rappahannock, Va. He came to Alabama and located in Mon roeville, in 1842, where he practiced his pro fession until 1861. He promptly entered the Confederate service, and was adjutant of the 17th Alabama infantry regiment. He was a representative from Monroe County both in the legislature and in the constitutional con vention of 1865; and was the nominee of his party for congress in 1870. For several years before his death Mr. Cumming resided in Birm ingham in the practice of the law, and was at one time associated with Bertrand L. Hib- bard. He was a Presbyterian. Married: Feb ruary 2, 1845, in Monroe County, to Susan Singietaiy, daughter of Thomas and Eliz abeth A. (Randalson) Wiggins, natives of North Carolina. Children: 1. Samuel McLean, m. Sallie Frierson, of Covington County; 2. Susan Moore, m. John Polk Watkins, of Burnt Corn; 3. Mary Ann, m. Frank L. Moore, Cam den; 4. Elizabeth, m. Albert Ervin, of Ever- gieen; 5. Margaret; 6. Thomas, d. in infancy; 7. Daniel, drowned in Alabama River; 8. Janie, m. Brackett 0. Watkins, Birmingham; 9. Dixie Alice, d. in infancy; 10. Daisy, d. in infancy; 11. Kate, m. A. Hafner, of Eutaw. Last residence: Birmingham. CUMMTNGS, KATE, author and writer. Res idence: Birmingham. CUNNINGHAM, ANDREW, merchant and planter, was born December 14, 1814, at Cun ningham's Store, Jackson County, Ga., and died October 16, 1889, at Talladega; son of Jo seph Thomas and Agnes Elizabeth (Montgom ery) Cunningham, the former a Virginian by birth, of Prince Edward County, but who moved from his native state to Georgia, was postmaster at Cunningham's Store, the latter of Jackson County, Ga.; grandson of Elizabeth Cunningham, and of Hugh Montgomery. The Cunninghams are of Scotch stock. Mr. Cun ningham was educated in old field schools of Jackson County, Ga.; was a merchant at Cun ningham's Store for several years prior to 1836; moved to Talladega County, Ala., in fall of that year and engaged in farming, living first at Fife, then Eastaboga, and lastly at Talladega; was a member constitutional convention of 1865; senator from Clay and Talladega Coun ties, 1876-77 and 1878-79; and a captain in the home guards in the War of Secession. He was a Whig prior to the war, and later a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: November 2, 1835, to Jane Agnes, daughter of Robert and Isabella Venable, of Jackson County, Ga. The V'enables were of Welsh descent, settled in Maryland, then moved to Prince Edward Coun ty, Va. Children: 1. Margaret Isabella, m. James Augustus Storey, both deceased; 2. Agnes Elizabeth, m. John A. Winbourne, both deceased; 3. Robert Joseph, unmarried; 4. John Reid, deceased; 5. Fannie Forester, m. William E. Storey; 6. Jane Venable, m. Otis Cook; 7. Andrew, deceased; 8. Cynthia Bersheba, de ceased; 9. Robert J. Last residence: Talla dega. CUNNINGHAM, ARTHUR S., lieutenant-colo nel, temporary commander 10th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army, 1863; lieutenant- colonel, temporary commander, 40th Virginia infantry regiment, C. S. Army. CUNNINGHAM, BENJAMIN WEAKLY, teacher, farmer _and legislator, was born March 19, 1870, at Rogersville, Lauderdale County; son of Jonathan and Susan (Taylor) Cun ningham, of that county, the former was first lieutenant Co. I, 27th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army, member Alabama house of representatives 1876-77, 1887-88, and in the state senate, 1890-98; grandson of Jonathan and Al- lie (Nance) Cunningham, who came to this state from North Carolina, and of Benjamin and Susan (Westmoreland) Taylor, natives of Virginia. He was educated in the county schools, and graduated, 1892, from the State normal college, Florence. He taught in the public schools of Alabama and Texas from 1892 to 1900. In 1900 he entered upon farm ing as a profession. He is also interested in a mercantile business at Center Star. On June 19, 1909, he was elected to the legislature to fill the unexpired term of John L. Hughston, appointed probate judge of Lauderdale County. Married: December 12, 1906, at Cherokee, to Turner Goodloe, daughter of Willis P. and Turner (Goodloe) Rutland, of that place. Res idence: Center Star. CUNNINGHAM, JAMES, lieutenant colonel, 2nd Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army. CUNNINGHAM, MARY SUE EVERHART, critic and lecturer, was born April 26, 1857, at Huntsville; daughter of George Mario w and Cornelia Adelaide Bowman (Banner) Ever- hart (q. v.), and granddaughter of Constantine Ladd and Mary (Bowman) Banner of Salem, N. C; great-great-granddaughter of Henry and Margaret (Hampton) Banner of Stokes Coun ty, N. C. Mrs. Cunningham was given her first training by her mother, and was graduated in 1875 from Kemper Hall, Kenosha, Wis., a school founded by her father; later studied at the University of Berlin where her masters /y./3. Qr^^U.^ o *<« DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 443 were Doctors Goldsmith, Hoffman, Lauders and Welzel; and in Paris, where she passed the Sarbonne examinations; taught for ten years at Hamner Hall, Montgomery, a school for young ladies, also founded by her father, succeeding him as principal; lectured in Chi cago and in southern cities on literary and art subjects; organized the Clionian club of Bir mingham; advocate before the Alabama legis lature for child labor law in 1902; vice-presi dent Equal suffrage association for Alabama 1906; and magazine writer, specializing in criticism. She was an Episcopalian in early life, but is now a Transcendentalist; and a member of the Essenes, the oldest known order of philosophers. Married: in 1890 in Decatur, Ga., to Robert Cunningham, representative in Alabama legislature from Monroe County, and at the time of his death president of the Travelers protective association in Alabama, and son of Dr. William and Mary Cunningham of Monroe County. Children: 1. Adelaide Louise; 2. William Everhart. Residence: Atlanta. CUNNINGHAM, ROBERT JOSEPH, planter, was born December 6, 1840, near Eastaboga, Talladega County; son of Andrew and Jane Agnes (Venable) Cunningham (q. v.). He re ceived his early education in the county schools; is a planter; was notary public and exofficio justice of the peace, 1876-80. He en tered the C. S. Army as a private in Co. E, 10th Alabama infantry regiment, was discharged December, 1861; reenlisted in 30th Alabama in fantry regiment, March, 1862, acting as com missary sergeant until July, 1863, when he was elected second lieutenant, Co. E, 30th Alabama infantry regiment. In 1867 he removed to Texas where he held the position of deputy clerk of the district court, 1868-71; returned to Alabama and resumed farming. Residence: Talladega. CUNNINGHAM, ROBERT M., soldier of the American Revolution, was born in York County, Pa., September 10, 1760, and died in Tusca loosa, July 11, 1839; son of Roger and Mary (Sturgeon) Cunningham, natives of Pennsyl vania, who removed to North Carolina and bought a plantation. Rev. Dr. Cunningham served while a youth as private and sergeant of the North Carolina continental line and militia, in the Revolutionary War. He entered a Latin school in the neighborhood of Rocky River, N. C, at the close of the war. Remaining here for only one year, he next attended the school of Mr. Robert McCulloch, at Bethel settlement, York County, N. C, for two years; then removed to an academy on Bullock's Creek; graduated from the Dickinson college, Carlisle, 1789; and recived the honorary de- , gree of D. D. from Franklin college, Georgia, 1827. After graduation he returned to his parents and taught school at the same time studying theology. He joined the first pres bytery of South Carolina and was licensed to preach, in 1792. In the autumn of this year he went to Georgia settling in Green, now Han cock County; organized a church; ordained Vol. Ill— 29 elders for the Ebenezer church; opened a school; and preached alternately between Ebe nezer and Bethany. He and four other min isters were sent out by the presbytery of South Carolina, in 1796, to form one in Geor gia, this one being constituted the March fol lowing. He removed to Kentucky in 1807 and remained here until 1821; was a member of the synod of Kentucky as early as 1803 and was one of the founders of the Kentucky Bible society, in 1817. He resigned and removed to Moulton, Lawrence County, Ala., in 1822, becom ing a farmer and preaching constantly in Moulton and surrounding villages. He bought a farm eleven miles from Tuscaloosa, on the Greensboro road, and removed to this place in the fall of 1826; built churches in Tuscaloosa and Carthage; preached alternately between these churches, and occasionally at Greensboro, where his son Joseph, was a pastor. He preached a free gospel at Tuscaloosa for eight years, resigning in favor of Rev. Wm. Williams, but continued for several years longer at Carthage. He removed to Tuscaloosa in 1836, and preached his last sermon in the summer of 1838. Married: (1) to Elizabeth, daughter of Charles and Mary Moore, of Spartanburg District, S. C; (2) October 15, 1795, to Betsey Ann, daughter of Joseph Parks, of Prince Ed ward County, Va., and (3) October 14, 1805, to Emily, daughter of Col. William Bird, of Augusta, Ga. There was one daughter by the first wife who died in infancy, five sons by the second marriage and one son and three daughters by the third. Children: by second wife: 1. Joseph, Presbyterian minister; by third wife: 2. Robert, a physician of Sumter County; 3. Mrs. Maltsby; 4. Mrs. Wilson; 5. Louisa, unmarried. Last residence: Tusca loosa. CUNNINGHAM, ROBERT M., Presbyterian minister, mentioned in Nail's "Dead of the Synod of Alabama," 1851. CUNNINGHAM, RUSSELL McWHORTOR, physician and surgeon, teacher, farmer, legisla tor, member constitutional convention, lieuten ant-governor and acting-governor of Alabama, was born August 25, 1855, at Mt. Hope, Law rence County; son of Moses W., and Nancy Caroline (Russell) Cunningham of that county, the former a native of Tennessee. Dr. Cunning ham received his academic education in the public schools of his native county and at the age of seventeen began teaching school. His father, having suffered financial reverses inci dent to the War of Secession, was not able to give the young son the college education to which he aspired, so he devoted his own efforts by teaching and farm work, towards the accu mulation of money for a medical education. While alternately engaged in these two call ings he began March, 1871, the study of medi cine under Dr. John M. Clark, a distinguished physician of North Alabama. During 1874-75, he attended lectures at the Louisville, Ky., medical college, and in the spring of the latter year, began, as an undergraduate, the practice. In 1878 he entered Bellevue hospital medical 444 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY college, New York City, from which he gradu ated the following year. He located in New- burg, where he practiced for two years with that success that has characterized his pro fessional career. In 1881, he was appointed physician of the State penitentiary, and re moved to Wetumpka, where in addition to per forming his duties as prison physician, he built up an extensive private practice. Following certain prison reform legislation, requiring his residence where the largest number of state convicts were employed, he removed, 1883, to Pratt Mines. The official reports that were made by Dr. Cunningham at this time were the first authentic statistics compiled in Alabama on prison mortality, its cause and prevention, the adoption of his recommendations in behalf of diet, sanitation, hours of work, recreation, etc., bearing immediate results. In 1881, when he was appointed to his office the death rate among Alabama convicts was 18 per cent per annum, and by October, 1884, it had been reduced to 2.83 per cent per annum. In 1885 he was appointed physician and surgeon for the Tennessee coal, iron and railroad company at Pratt Mines prison, and was later also physi cian for the Alabama steel and ship building company. He established a private hospital at Ensley which he conducted for a number of years, finally disposing of his institution and removing to Birmingham where he conducted a private practice, prior to his retirement from the arduous duties of his profession, and now divides his time between his Alabama and his Florida homes. In addition to his distinguished career as physician and surgeon, Dr. Cunningham has held a high place in the political life of the State. During 1880-81, he represented Franklin County in the legislature and after locating in Jefferson County was a strong factor in the Democratic party there. During 1896-1900, he represented that county in the State senate and was chosen president of that body in 1898. He was the nominee for membership in the proposed constitutional convention of 1899, from Jefferson County, and was a delegate to the constitutional convention of 1901. After the adoption of that instrument, which had re created the office, he was elected lieutenant- governor on the ticket with William D. Jelks, governor, and by virtue of this office presided over the deliberations of the senate. While holding the office of lieutenant-governor he served as acting governor of the State for a year, during the absence of Governor Jelks, who was in the west on account of ill health. At the expiration of his term of office he re sumed the practice of medicine in Ensley. He is a member of the Southern surgical and gynecological association; past president of the Tri-State medical association, which embraced Alabama, Georgia and Tennessee; orator of the Alabama State medical associa tion, 1895; president, Jefferson County medical association, 1896; president, Alabama State medical association, 1900; for some years mem ber State committee of public health; County health officer of Jefferson County, resigning that office in 1916. He was at one time professor of principles and practice of medicine in the Birmingham medical college. He is a Baptist; a Democrat; a Mason; and a Knight Templar. Author: in the literature of his profession, he has written for medical journals and societies, a number of articles and papers, notably upon "Croupous pneumonia," "Tuberculosis," "Mor bidity and mortality of negro convicts," "Gen eral practitioner in gynecology," "Relation of the cause to the prognosis and treatment of fracture," etc. Married: (1) August 13, 1876, in Franklin County, to Sue L., daughter of Judge J. E. Moore of that county; (2) Annice Taylor, of Birmingham. Children: by the first wife, 1. Moses, physician, m. Kathleen Hundley. Residence: Birmingham. CUNNINGHAM, WILLIAM COLUMBUS, business man, was born January 31, 1867, in Hickman County, Ky.; son of William Craw ford and Margaret (Hutchison) Cunningham, the former a native of Georgia, the latter of Kentucky; grandson of John and Martha Hutchison of Mayfield, Ky. He was educated in the free schools of his native state; began work as a barber in 1880; and has since that date followed his occupation in Kentucky and Alabama. He was elected in 1902 as a member of the legislature from Jefferson County. He is a Democrat; and a member of the Cumber land Presbyterian church. Married: Novem ber 18, 1888, to Delia, daughter of A. B. and Delia (Morgan) Jackson, of Georgia. Resi dence: Birmingham. CUNNINGHAM, WILLIAM N., soldier Of the American Revolution, aged 93, resided in Ben ton County, June 1, 1840.— Census of Pension' ers, 1841, p. 148. CURRY, JABEZ LAMAR MONROE, edu cator, congressman, and Baptist minister, was born June 5, 1825, in Lincoln County, Ga., died February 12, 1903, at Asheville, N. C, and is buried in Richmond, Va.; son of William and Susan (Winn) Curry, the former a successful planter of Lincoln County, Ga., a colonel of State militia, who removed to Alabama in 1838, locating in Talladega County, where he owned a large tract of land; grandson of Thomas Curry and wife, who was a Miss Walker, and of Richard F. and Prudence (Lamar) Winn; great-grandson of John and Dorothy (Wright) Winn, the former a soldier of the Revolution and a brother of the founder of Winnsboro, S. C, and of Basil Lamar. The Currys are of Scotch, the Winns of Welsh, and the Lamars of French descent. Dr. Curry removed, with his father, to Talladega County in 1837. He was educated in the public schools of Georgia and the private schools of South Carolina; graduated from the University of Georgia, in 1843; and from Dane law school of Harvard university, in 1845. He returned to Talladega and entered the law office of Judge Samuel F. Rice; was admitted to the bar, in 1846; and joined the Texas Rangers in the same year, serving for a short time with distinction. He represented Talladega County in the State leg islature, 1847, 1853, 1855, and was a Buchanan DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 445 elector in 1857. While serving in the legisla ture he drew up a bill for the geological sur vey of the State and participated largely in efforts in behalf of education. He was elected to the U. S. congress in 1857 and re-elected in 1859, resigning in 1861 with other southern members of the house. In 1861 he was elected a deputy from Alabama in the provisional Con federate congress; later elected to the first Confederate congress; and two years later was defeated. He entered the Confederate service in 1864, as lieutenant-colonel, 5th Alabama cav alry regiment, serving until the end of the war. In November, 1865, he was elected presiding of ficer of the Baptist State convention and on December 5, of the same year, he accepted the presidency of Howard college, then at Marion, remaining here until 1868, when he became pro fessor of English at Richmond college, Va. Subsequently he was appointed to the chair of philosophy and lectured also, for a period, on constitutional and international law. He was elected general agent of the Peabody edu cational fund, February 3, 1881, and October 30, 1890, was entrusted with the general agency of the Slater fund. On March 27, 1885, he was offered the head of the Bureau of education, but declined to accept, and on September 23, of the same year accepted the appointment from President Cleveland, as minister to Spain, discharging the duties of this office for three years. He resigned August 20, 1888, returned to America, was re-elected Peabody agent, this office having been kept open for him while ab sent in Spain, and again re-elected in 1894, 1896 and in 1902. On April 7, 1902, he was sent to Spain as ambassador extraordinary to the coronation of Alfonso XIII, and while there was decorated with the Royal Order of Charles ill. He received the degree of D. D., from Rochester University, in 1871, and LL. D., from the University of Georgia, in 1887. He was a member of the Virginia, Alabama, Southern, Virginia Baptist, and Massachusetts historical societies; Southern and American history as sociations; American society for extension of university training; Evangelical alliance of the United States; American colonization society; Northwest literary and historical society; and of the Phi Sigma and Phi Beta Kappa college fraternities. Author: "Constitutional govern ment in Spain," 1889; "Establishment and dis establishment in America," 1889; "William Ewart Gladstone," 1891; "The Southern States of the American union," 1895; "The Civil his tory of the government of the Confederate States, with some personal reminiscences," 1901. He wrote quite freely for newspapers and magazines and had the distinction of hav ing made more addresses on the subject of edu cation than any other man in the State. By legislative action, 1903, Dr. Curry was desig nated as one of Alabama's representatives in National statuary hall, the Capitol, Washing ton, the act stating that this tribute was made in recognition of his long distinguished labors as an educator. The act did not carry an ap propriation as Dr. Curry's widow proposed bearing the expense of the statue which was in 1906, placed, among America's illustrious dead. Married: (1) March 4, 1847, to Ann Alexander, daughter of Chancellor Alexander and Susan Barnett (Jack) Bowie (q. v.); (2) June 25, 1867, to Mary Wortham, daughter of James, jr. and Mary (Wortham) Thomas, the former one of the leading tobacconists of Vir ginia and a resident of Richmond. Children: by first wife, 1. Susan Lamar, m. John B. Tur- pin; 2. Manly Bowie, m. A. L., daughter of Augustus O. and Virginia (Lamar) Bacon, the former U. S. senator from Georgia. Last resi dence: Richmond, Va. CURRY, JOHN HARDY, Baptist minister, was born January 7, 1845, near Carrollton, Pickens County, and died September 9, 1901, at Northport; son of James Madison and Lucy (Chapman) Curry, the former a native of South Carolina, who came to Pickens County, Ala., and lived near Carrollton; and grandson of Wil liam Curry of the same county. Mr. Curry ob tained his education in the common schools of Pickens County; was ordained to the Bap tist ministry by Big Creek church, near Car rollton, October 16, 1868; was pastor in Obion County, Tenn., at Carrollton and other points in Pickens County; and in 1890 located in Northport, and was a preacher there until his death. He was superintendent of education for Pickens County, 1886-90; and superintend ent of education for Tuscaloosa County a part of 1894. He was a Democrat; and a Mason. He was a Confederate soldier, and in collabo ration with J. J. Willett, of Anniston, he wrote, "The history of Company B, 40th Alabama regiment, C. S. A.," in which he was a 1st sergeant. Married: November 30, 1865, near Carrollton, to Nancy Lewis, daughter of Hen derson and Beatrice Ferguson, who lived at Carrollton. Children: 1. Milton B., m. Ava V. Bonner, Carrollton; 2. John L., m. Velma Eatman, Northport; 3. Edna O., m. Samuel T. Palmer, jr., Northport; 4. Luther C, m. Nancy Robertson, Northport; 5. Lela P., m. W. H. Storey, Carrollton; 6. Mary Stella, resides Car rollton. Last residence: Northport. CURRY, JOHN RENFROE, Baptist minister, was born January 16, 1877, at Tunnel Springs, Monroe County; son of Rev. William Green and Ann Marian (Wiggins) Curry, who lived at New Decatur, the former of whom was a Baptist minister for fifty-one years, who served throughout the War of Secession in the army of northern Virginia, and was commissioned chaplain of the Fifth Alabama regiment in the fall of 1863 for conspicuous gallantry in bat tle; grandson of Allen Howell and Frances E. (Farnell) Curry, who lived at Pineville, Mon roe County, the former of whom came to Mon roe County from Georgia, and of Thomas and Elizabeth Allen (Randalson) Wiggins, who lived at Tunnel Springs; great-grandson of Drury Allen and Mary (Singletary) Randal- son, who came from North Carolina in 1818 and settled in Monroe County. He received his early education at Furman, at Livingston male academy, and at Aberdeen public school, Mississippi. He attended Bethel college, Rus- selville, Ky., 1895-1896, completing the sopho- 446 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY more year; entered Howard college, Birming ham, in the fall of 1896, and was graduated there with the degree of A. B., 1898; attended Southern Baptist theological seminary, Louis ville, Ky., 1898-1901, graduating in May of the latter year with the degree of Th.B. He was licensed to preach in the summer of 1895 at Aberdeen, Miss., by the Baptist church, and was ordained at Livingston, September, 1899. His first pastorate was at Athens; since then, he has been pastor at Citronelle, Atmore, Tus kegee, and Wetumpka. He is a Democrat and a Mason. Married: February 26, 1903, in Mobile, Nannie May, daughter of Lyman Hall and Pauline Elizabeth (Priester) Faith, who lived at Mobile. Children: 1. Pauline Faith; 2. Lillian Adele. Residence: Wetumpka. CURRY, MILTON BEJAMIN, lawyer, was born May 10, 1867, near Carrollton; son of Rev. John H. and Nancy L. (Ferguson) Curry, the former a Baptist minister and Confederate sol dier. He was educated in the common schools; studied law; was admitted to the bar, Novem ber, 1899; and is engaged in active practice in Carrollton. He was mayor of Carrollton 1890-1900, was elected to the State legislature in 1900; and was re-elected in 1902. He is a Demo crat and a Baptist. Married: January 31, 1894, to Alva V., daughter of William J. and Virginia (Cunningham) Bonner, of Pickens County. Residence : Carrollton. CURRY, THOMAS, planter, was born April 17, 1844, in Perry County; son of Jabez and Rebecca (Jordan) Curry, the former a native of Lincoln County, Ga., second cousin of Jabez Lamar Monroe Curry (q. v.) ; grandson of Bur- well and Nancy Ann (Dupree) Jordan. He was a student at the Southern university and spent, 1862-63, at the University of Alabama. He served in the C. S. Army as sergeant, Co. H, 8th Alabama cavalry; and served after the war as register of chancery and justice of peace. He is a Democrat. Married: to Lona, daughter of Elam and Lumley (Sullivan) Parish of Marion; granddaughter of Dunklin Sullivan (q. v.). Residence: Marion. CURRY, THOMAS, soldier of the American Revolution, sergeant, particular service not disclosed; annual allowance, $31.82; not de manded after March, 1831. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. CURRY, WILLIAM GREEN, Baptist minis ter, was born September 11, 1843, at Pineville, Monroe County, and died January 12, 1910, at New Decatur; son of Allen Howell and Frances E. (Farnell) Curry, of his native place. He received a good elementary education and at the age of sixteen was licensed to preach. It was not until he was in the Confederate Army, however, that he was ordained, this ceremony taking place, by the order of the Pineville church at Orange Court House, Va., in 1863. He entered the Confederate service as private and "in consideration of a faithful discharge of duty," was made chaplain of the 5th Ala bama infantry regiment, serving throughout the whole struggle. On returning home he became pastor at Monroeville, Belleville, Pine ville and Bethany churches, and retained this relation until he was appointed to the evan gelistic work by the Alabama State mission board in 1877. Two years later he returned to the pastorate at Snow Hill, and following this other pastorates in Alabama and Missis sippi, filled a total ministry of more than fifty years. He was suprintendent of education of Sumter County, 1891-1893. Howard college, of which he was a trustee, 1896-1904, conferred upon him the degree of D. D. in 1897. He was a Mason. Married: June 29, 1865, at Kemps- ville, to Annie Mariah, daughter of Thomas Allen and Elizabeth (Randalson) Wiggins of that place; descended from the Singleterrys, who came from Scotland and settled in South Carolina. Children: 1. Lola, m. Dr. B. W. Watson, Pineapple; 2. Thomas A. Clanton; 3. Wilbert A., New Decatur; 4. Bessie, m. Rev. W. M. Quisenberry; 5. John Renfroe, a Baptist minister, Tuskegee; 6. Susie, m. a McLean of Livingston; 7. Capers Jones, of New Decatur. Last residence: New Decatur. CURTIS, ANDREW JACKSON, physician, was born December 20, 1829, in Dinwiddie County, Va., and died October 25, 1872; son of Robert LaFayette and Elizabeth (Dyer) Cur tis, the former a Virginian, born in Peters burg, who moved to Alabama in 1836, and set tled in forks of the Warrior and Bigbee Rivers, the latter of Elizabeth City, Va.; grand-nephew of Robert L. Curtis, who was killed in the Rev olutionary War. Dr. Curtis obtained his early education in the country schools of his county, and entered college at Knoxville, Tenn., gradu ating in 1849. He read medicine under his brother, Dr. Fenton Curtis, at Panola, Miss., and completed his medical studies at the Pennsyl vania medical university, Philadelphia, Pa., graduating with honors in 1851. He went to Cuba to practice medicine and to observe the yellow fever epidemic raging on that island; re turned to this country in 1853, and settled in Choctaw County, where he practiced in partner ship with Dr. Coleman; traveled through the northwestern and western states prospecting and as a correspondent of the Mobile "Mercury," and other newspapers and periodicals, 1857; re turned home and purchased a property near Mt. Sterling, Choctaw County, where he en gaged in farming; was a member of the Se cession convention in 1861, from Choctaw County; was appointed surgeon of a company under Capt. Wilks Coleman, in the C. S. Army; but was forced to resign because of ill health; sold his farm in 1870, and moved to Meridian, Miss., with his family and practiced medicine at that place until his death. He was a Democrat, a Presbyterian, and a Mason. Married: October 19, 1854, at Mt. Sterling, to Olivia Octavia, daughter of George B. and Caroline (Ains- worth) Chaney, of Sumter County. Last residence: Meridian, Miss. CURTIS, JAMES JACKSON, lawyer and judge, was born August 18, 1871, at Double Springs, Winston County; son of Benjamin F. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 447 and Eliza (Taylor) Curtis, the former came from Denmark, Buncombe County, N. C, lived near Double Springs, Ala., was once sheriff of Winston County, also once tax collector, and a member of the legislature of 1S78-79; grand son of Solomon and Charlotte Curtis, of Den mark, N. C, and of John and Eliza Taylor, of Haleyville. The Curtis and Taylor families are descendants of early English settlers in North Carolina. He was educated in the schools of Winston County; graduated in 1891, from the State normal college, at Florence; later took a course in the Birmingham busi ness college. Studying law he was admitted to the bar in February, 1895. His practice has been in Cullman, Birmingham and Haleyville. He was assistant district attorney, 1895-96; U. S. commissioner, 1897-1903; mayor of Haley ville, 1907-09; supervisor of the census, 1910; elected judge of the fourteenth judicial circuit in 1910, which position he still occupies. He is a Republican; Presbyterian; Mason; Odd Fel low; Knight of Pythias; a member of the Fra ternal union, and of the Royal order of moose. Married: June 22, 1904, at Cullman, to Lo- rena, daughter of Judge Asa B. Hays, of that place. Children: 1. Lorena. Residence: Haleyville. CURTIS, T. F., clerk of the Alabama Baptist State convention, 1850. CURTIS, WILLIAM MARVETTE, Methodist minister, was born December 30, 1878, at Lower Peach Tree, Wilcox County; son of Christopher Columbus and Viola Spencer (Powe) Curtis, who lived on a plantation near Lower Peach Tree and at that place, for about fifty-four years, the former of whom was born at the Curtis place in Clarke County, and was a farmer and physician. He received his early schooling and was prepared for college at Lower Peach Tree. Rev. Mr. Curtis entered the junior class of the Southern university when he was fifteen years old, and was gradu ated, A. B., 1896, and A. M., 1898. He was a student in graduate economics at Vanderbilt university, and spent three years in the the ological department of that institution, being graduated B. D., 1901. He entered the ministry in the Alabama Conference, Methodist Episcopal church, South. 1901; served at the Headland Mission two years; on the Graceville Circuit, one year; at Columbia Station two years; at St. Paul's, Butte, Mont, one year; at the Perry Street church, Montgomery, three years; at Marianna Station, one year; was field sec retary of the conference Sunday school board one year; was stationed at Uniontown; and at Tuskegee, 1917-1920. He is a Democrat; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Author of "Christ, the Best Evidence of Christi anity," thesis in systematic theology; "Child Labor in Nashville," thesis in graduate eco nomics; "Moses' Place in the History of Israel." thesis in Biblical history; and has contributed to the press. Married: April 21, 1903, at Headland, Charles Frederick, daugh ter of Dr. Charles Frederick and Mattie McCrelus (Price) Sporman, of Headland, the former of whom is of German ancestry, who took his degree in medicine at Mobile, and practiced his profession at Headland and Ma con, Ga.; granddaughter of Dr. Jonathan E. and Mila (Kirkland) Price, the former of whom came from North Carolina and settled at Abbeville, Henry County, where he was married. Children: 1. Charles Marvette; 2. John Christopher. Residence: Tuskegee. CUTHBERT, JOHN ALFRED, lawyer, rep resentative in congress, was born June 3, 1788, at Savannah, Ga., and died September 22, 1881, near Mobile. His father was a Revolutionary soldier who served in the army under Gen. Greene. He was graduated at the College of New Jersey, 1805; studied law and was ad mitted to the bar, 1809. The following year, he was elected to the Georgia legislature from Liberty County. After that time, he was re turned regularly to one or the other branch of the legislature of that state for several years. He was an officer in the War of 1812, and commanded a company of Georgia volun teer militia in the defense of the coast. He was a representative from Georgia to the Six teenth and Seventeenth congresses, 1819-1823, and was editor of the "Federal Union," Mill edgeville, Ga., 1831-1837. He moved to Ala bama in 1837, settling at Mobile. He was ap pointed judge of the county court of Mobile by the Alabama legislature, 1840, and was ap pointed judge of the circuit court in 1852. Last residence: Mobile. D DAGG, JOHN LEADLEY, Baptist minister, teacher, was born February 13, 1794, at Mid dleburg, Loudoun County, Va., and died June 11, 1884, at Hayneville; son of Robert and Sarah (Davis) Dagg of Dumfries, Va.; grand son of Thomas and Clarissa (Powell) Dagg, the latter the sister of Leven Powell who rep resented the Mount Vernon District in the U. S. congress, and of Samuel and Sarah (Leadley) Davis, of Loudoun County, Va.; great-grandson of John Dagg, who was born in England about 1700, and settled in early manhood in Dumfries, Va. Rev. Dr. Dagg re ceived about two years' instruction from Rev. William Williamson, a Presbyterian minister, who had charge of a church in Middleburg. Further than that schooling and the instruc tion of his parents, Dr. Dagg was a self-taught man. He prepared himself for the ministry; was licensed to preach by the Ebenezer Bap tist church, Loudoun County, Va., in 1816; and was ordained the following year. He was a Baptist preacher in Virginia until 1825, when on receiving calls to the pastoral care of the First Baptist church of Richmond, and to the Fifth Baptist church of Philadelphia, he accepted the latter, and remained in charge of the church eleven years. In 1836, he came to Tuscaloosa to take charge of the Alabama female atheneum, now the Tus caloosa female college; held the presidency of that institution until 1843, when he was elected to the presidency of Mercer university, Pen- 448 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY field, Ga. He was connected with that insti tution until 1855, as president for the first ten years, and as professor in the theological department the latter two years. Dr. Dagg organized the theological department of the University, and his administration marked a period of growth and development in the school. Subsequently, he lived at Madison, Ga.; Cuthbert, Ga.; and Forsyth, Ga.; moving in 1870 to Hayneville, where he lived in the family of his son-in-law, Henry R. Rugeley, until his death. The honorary degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by the University of Alabama in 1843. He was author of "Manual of Theology," 1857; "Treatise on Church Order," 1858, "Elements of Moral Science," 1859; and "Evidences of Christianity," 1868; besides numerous pamphlets. He was a Democrat. Married: (1) Fannie Hunton, daughter of Thomas Peyton and Elizabeth (Hampton) Thornton, of Virginia; (2) Mary (Young) Davis, who was by her first marriage, mother of Prof. Noah K. Davis (q. v.). Children, by first marriage; 1. Mary, m. Rev. George Y. Browne, a Baptist minister of Georgia; 2. Eliza beth, m. Rev. S. G. Gillyer, a Baptist minister of Georgia; 3. Sarah, m. Henry R. Rugeley; 4. John Francis, a Baptist minister of Georgia, Alabama and Kentucky, b. August 5, 1823, d. August 31, 1894, A. B., A. M., 1846, D. D. from Mercer University, 1874, pastor of Milledge ville Baptist church, Georgia, 1847-1850, editor of "Christian Index," Penfield, Ga., six years, pastor at Cuthbert, Ga., 1856-1866, president of Bethel College, Hopkinsville, Ky, 1866-1874, pastor of Danville and Lafayette, 1874-1878, professor of mathematics at Albemarle Fe male Institute, Va., 1878-1880, pastor at Gads den, 1880-1882, m. December 24, 1857, Rosalee Helen Horsley, son, Judge J. L. Dagg of Vid- alia, La.; by second marriage: 5. Mary Jane, m. Rev. R., D. Mallory of Macon, Ga. Last residence: Hayneville. DAILY, OWEN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 76, resided in Monroe County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. DALE, LAURA, former faculty member of the Alabama girl's technical institute, Monte vallo. Residence: Oak Hill. DALE, SAMUEL, pioneer, was born in 1772, in Rockbridge County, Va., and died May 23, 1841, in Daleville, Miss. He was of Irish de scent, and lived with his parents at Clinch River Forks, Va., from 1775 to 1783. The fam ily moved in the latter year to what is now Greene County, Ga., then the frontier of that state, and lived in a stockade for protection from the Indians. The boy early became fa miliar with Indian warfare, and when his parents died a few years later, supported and protected the seven younger children, work ing on the farm and engaging in much of the border warfare with the Muscogees. In 1793 he was appointed a United States scout, and soon became a noted Indian fighter, known as "Big Sam." On November 13, of that year, he killed seven Indians single-handed at Ran- don's landing on the Alabama River, with only slight injury to himself. He saw service un der Capt. Jonas Fauche, and at the peace be came a trader among the Creeks and Chero- kees, and acted as guide to pioneer parties who were seeking the Tombigbee settlements. At this time, he resided in Jones County, Ga., and during one of his trading excursions, heard Tecumseh's war speech at Tookabatchee. He moved to Clarke County, Ala., about 1810, and in 1813, was at the house of Col. Joseph Phillips, at Jackson, when James Cornells arrived there and announced that hostile Indians had burnt his house and corn cribs on that creek, which perhaps from this event, took the name of Burnt Corn. Capt. Dale accompanied Col. Caller in the Burnt Corn expedition where he was painfully wounded; took part in the bloody Canoe Fight; shortly afterward followed Gen. Claiborne to Econochaca as captain of a com pany in Maj. Smoot's battalion, taking part in that fight; commanded a battalion of Ken tucky volunteers in Col. Russell's expedition to the Cahaba old-towns, February, 1814; and in the following December rode his pony, "Paddy," from Georgia to New Orleans in seven and one-half days, bearing dispatches to Jackson. Soon after the peace of Fort Jack son, he moved to Monroe County where he es tablished a farm and became a trader at Dale's Ferry. He was for a short time in service under Gen. Jackson when that officer was sent to subdue the turbulent Seminoles; and went promptly to the assistance of the settlers when the outrages of "Savannah Jack," in what is now Butler County, caused alarm throughout the state. He was the first or second tax col lector of Monroe County. In 1817, was a dele gate from Monroe County to the convention to divide Mississippi territory; was a member of the first general assembly of Alabama ter ritory, the same year; and received from Got. Bibb a commission of colonel. Col. Dale represented Monroe County in th« Alabama legislature in 1819 with James Dellet, in 1820 with John Murphy, in 1821 with Ar thur P. Bagby, in 1823 with John Gayle, in 1824 with Arthur P. Bagby, in 1826 and 1828 with Enoch Parson, and in 1829 with John Morrissett, serving in all, eight years between 1819 and 1830. In 1821, he was a member of the commission to locate public roads from Tuscaloosa to Pensacola, and on to Blakely and Fort Claiborne; was one of the commit tee to meet and escort Gen. Lafayette to the capitol of Alabama, 1824; was appointed with Col. G. S. Grimes by the secretary of war to remove the Choctaw Indians, 1830; moved to Perry County, 1830, remaining there about a year; bought land from Ia-cha-hopa, near Dale ville, Lauderdale . County, Miss., lived there for the rest of his life, and was the first rep resentative sent by that county to the Missis sippi legislature, 1836. On December 5, 1821, the Alabama legislature passed an act ex pressing gratitude for the services of Col. Dale, the preamble stating that he had lost the vouch ers proving his claims against the United MAJOR WILLIS J. MILNER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 451 States, and the enactment putting him for life on the half pay of a United States colonel, with the rank of brevet brigadier-general of militia. One of the counties of the state was also named after him. Col. Dale spent some time in Wash ington, and his fragmentary descriptions and judgments of Jackson, Calhoun, Webster, Ben ton, Prentiss, and other great contemporaries are considered of great value. He has been called the "Daniel Boone of Alabama," and his adventurous life has been recorded by Meek, Pickett, and especially by J. F. H. Claiborne in his work, the "Life and Time of Gen. Sam uel Dale." Married: about 1812 In Clarke County. Last residence: Daleville, Miss. DALTON, DAVID LOUIS, secretary of State, was born December 31, 1822, in Maury County, Tenn., and died November 13, 1894, at Shan non, Miss.; son of William Sims and Milbury (Halford) Dalton, the former a native of North Carolina and a teacher, and the latter a native of Virginia, of Irish descent. He obtained his primary education in his native State. He was a lawyer by profession, but details of his career as a lawyer are not available. When he came to Alabama is not definitely known, but he probably located in Florence before 1860. In that year he was clerk in the Indian bureau at Washington, D. C. He held clerk ships under the Confederate government at Montgomery and at Richmond. He was sec retary of State, 1865-7; private secretary to Gov. W. H. Smith, 1868-1870; and a clerk in the State department of education. During the last years of his life he resided at Shannon, Miss., where he was postmaster. He was a Democrat, and a Mason. Married: in June, 1845, at Florence, to Kate Louisa, daughter of Ebenezer and Jane (Wasson) Darby, who lived at that place, the former from Connecti cut, and the latter of Welsh ancestry. Chil dren: 1. Son who died in infancy; 2. Marie, re siding at Shannon, Miss, unmarried. Last residence : Shannon, Miss. DANCY, CHARLES FENTON MERCER, physician, was born September 7, 1814, at Greenville (now Emporia), Greenville County, Va., and died September 7, 1875, at Decatur; son of William and Priscilla (Turner) Dancy, the former born in Edgecombe County, N. C, lived at Decatur, Ala., of Huguenot ancestors, who belonged to the French nobility, but fled from France on account of religious persecution, and had relatives in the Continental Army; grandson of Col. David and wife, who was a Miss Dancy, who lived in South Carolina, of Simon Turner, a Tory of Greenville, Va., whose kindred held high appointments from under the King, and who after the Revolution was appointed a justice of the peace. He was educated at the famous old La Grange College, and In Nashville, Tenn; studied medicine in Nashville and in New Or leans, and located In Decatur, where he prac ticed with much skill and success. When a youth, he served in the Mexican War, receiv ing land grants from Texas for his services. He was appointed by Gen. Albert Sidney John ston in charge of all the hospitals from Port Hudson to Decatur, but after the taking of Decatur by the enemy, Dr. Dancy was re quired to serve in Federal hospitals. After 1865, because of falling health he retired from active professional life and became a planter. Prior to the War of Secession he was a Whig, but later affiliated with the Democratic party. He was a Royal Arch Mason. Married: July 23, 1849, near Decatur, to Sarah Dandridge, daugh ter of Gen. Jesse Winston and Unity Spotswood (Dandridge) Garth (q. v.). Children: 1. Mary Lou; 2. Unity, both of whom reside near De catur, unmarried. Last residence: Decatur. DANIEL, CULLEN COLEMAN, Methodist minister and president Birmingham-Southern college, was born August 29, 1879, at High land Home, Crenshaw County; son of Coleman Franklin and Fannie Jane (Stough) Daniel, the former a native and resident of Highland Home; grandson of Thomas and Elvira Daniel, and of Simeon and Matilda Stough, all of Crenshaw County. Rev. Dr. Daniel obtained his early education in local schools, and in 1900, graduated in Highland Home college, with the A. B. degree. He was also tutor in Latin, and valedictorian of his class. He was graduated from the Southern university, Greensboro, A. B., 1905. He attended Vanderbilt university, 1910, but did not graduate. Later in 1910 he en tered upon his work as a Methodist minister, and has filled appointments at Florala, Opp, Uniontown, and Fort Deposit, and the Mc- Tyeire memorial church, Nashville, Tenn. In 1917 the Alabama conference and the North Alabama conference agreed on the closing of the Southern university at Greensboro, and that all effort in behalf of the education of young men in Alabama under Methodist aus pices should be centralized at Birmingham by the union of the Southern university and Birm ingham college as Birmingham^Southern col lege. Rev. Dr. Daniel who had served as presi dent of Southern university became president of the new institution, a position he still holds. He is a Democrat; a Royal Arch Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: December 29, 1909, at Moundville, to Margaret Estelle, daughter of Newton Walter and Margaret (M» Kemie) Elliott, of that place. Residence: Birmingham. DANIEL, JOHN, teacher and scientist, a na tive of Alabama, was born near Perryville, Perry County, July 6, 1862; son of John and Susan Lee (Winfield) Daniel, both of Vir ginia. He received his early education in the private schools at Summerfield, Dallas County; graduated from the University of Alabama, B. A., 1884, M. A., 1886; student at Johns Hop kins university, 1886-88; winning the "Uni versity Scholarship" in the first year of his attendance; and spent the year 1892 in Ber lin. He was assistant professor of physics at the University of Alabama, 1884-86, fellow 1888, instructor in physics 1889, adjunct pro fessor 1890-93; and since 1894 professor in physics at Vanderbilt university. He is the discoverer of the depilatory effect of the X- 452 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Ray; was a member of the jury of awards, Tennessee centennial exposition, 1897. Author: numerous papers in Science, Physical review, Philosophical magazine, and Wiedeman's an nals. Married: September 2, 1896, at Annis ton, to Grace Olive, daughter of Ray and Frances Matilda (Harben) Knight, of that place. Children: 1. Landon; 2. Ray Knight; 3. John, jr.; 4. Harben Winfield; 5. Robert; 6. Grace Olive. Residence: Vanderbilt Uni versity, Nashville, Tenn. DANIEL, JOHN WILHITE LEWIS, lawyer and major C. S. Army, was born August 1, 1831, at La Grange, Ga., and died August 31, 1876, at Midway, Bullock County; son of James Lewis and Matilda Ann (Gantt) Daniel, the former a native of Warren County, N. C, who removed to Tuskegee, Ala., where he lived nine teen years, after which he located in Eufaula; grandson of Capt. John and Mary Elizabeth (Lewis) Daniel who owned a plantation near Raleigh, N. C, and of Alfred Gantt, who lived near La Grange, Ga.; great-grandson of Zadek Daniel, and of James and Susan Clark (An derson) Lewis; great-great-grandson of Rob ert and Jane (Meriwether) Lewis, and great- great-great-grandson of Gen. Robert Lewis; of Wales. Alfred Gantt's wife was a descendant of the Wilhoites and Munfords. He obtained early education in Tuskegee. After prepara tion and admission to the bar, he located in Midway; practicing in Barbour and Bullock Counties. Together with John Cochran, Jeffer son Buford and Alpheus Baker he was chosen as a delegate from Barbour County to the Secession convention of 1861. On the outbreak of hostilities he was chosen captain of a com pany which he raised at Midway, and on the organization of the 15th Alabama infantry reg iment he was chosen major. He resigned after the battles • around Richmond, and raised a company for "Hilliard's Legion," but was placed on detached service in the conscript department in which he served during the re mainder of the war. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: in 1861, in Eufaula, to Belle Green, niece of Senator James L. Pugh. Children: 1. Estelle, m. Green Turner; 2. Edward; 3. Bert; 4. John W. L.; 5. Gilmer B. After their father's death, they moved to Texas with their mother, where she died. Last residence: Midway. DANNELLY, EDWARD AIVES, Methodist minister, was born December 5, 1866, at Cam den, Wilcox County; son of James Patrick and Louise Olivia (Gordon) Dannelly, natives, re spectively, of Georgia and Alabama, who moved from Georgia to Canton Bend, Wilcox County, and later to Camden; grandson of John and Margaret (Raiburne) Dannelly, and of James Washington and Adelaide (Hawkins) Gordon, who lived at Suggsville; brother of Rev. Dr. John M. Dannelly (q. v.). Dr. Dannelly was prepared in the public schools of Camden, with the exception of a few months, and all of his early education was obtained from his mother who taught a public school for some years. He attended Southern university for three years; studied for the ministry; and joined the Alabama Conference in December, 1892. He has served as pastor of the charges of Montgomery City mission; of Geneva; Evergreen; Auburn; Church street, Selma; Government street, Mobile; and has also served as presiding elder of the Marianna district for three years; the Greensboro district, three years; the Montgomery district, four years, 1916-1919, inclusive; and became presiding elder of the Dotham district in 1920. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon Dr. Dan nelly by Southern university in 1912. He is a Mason; an Odd Fellow; a member of the Woodmen of the World; of the Improved Order of Red Men; and of the Knights of Pythias. He was editor of "Wilcox Progress," published at Camden, during 1891-1892. Married: June 28, 1894, at Eufaula, Sara Glenn, daughter of Marcus Joshua and Sara (Glenn) Caldwell, who lived at Midway. Children: 1. Olivia Herndon; 2. Sara Glenn; 3. Margaret; 4. Elea nor; 5. Edna Cox; 6. Lucy Glenn; 7. Dorothy; 8. Edward Aives, jr. Residence: Mobile. DANNELLY, JOHN MILTON, Methodist min ister, was born September 19, 1855, at Camden, Wilcox County; son of James Patrick and Louise Olivia (Gordon) Dannelly, the former a native of Georgia, brought when a few months old, by his parents, to Canton Bend, Wilcox County, Ala., later lived at Camden; grandson of John and Margaret (Raiburne) Dannelly, and of James Washington and Ade laide (Hawkins) Gordon, who lived at Suggs ville, Clarke County. Dr. Dannelly attended common schools and Wilcox institute, at Cam den, then a preparatory school for boys, taking first prizes, at both, for conduct and class work. In 1909 he received from Southern university, Greensboro, the honorary degree of D. D. After some years of work as bookkeeper, farm, and railroad employee, he joined the Alabama con ference, M. E. church, South, at Union Springs, December, 1885. He has had several pastorates, two being Pensacola, Fla., and Troy, at the former place was associated with the organiza tions of the United charities. He was colonel on staff of Gov. B. B. Comer, and detailed to act as chaplain in Alabama national guard, 1907-11. He is a Democrat; a Mason; Odd Fellow; and Knight of Pythias. Since 1907, trustee and financial agent, Woman's college of Alabama. Married: December 23, 1885, at Louisville, Barbour County, to Lena Augusta, daughter of Nelson K. and Mary Katherine (Tucker) Stephens, who lived at Louisville. Children: 1. Clarence Moore, m. Mamie Farn- bam; 2. Mary Olivia; 3. Nellie Lee, m. G. B. Clinckscales, Ph. D., of Spartanburg, S. C; 4. John Milton, jr. Residence: Mobile. DANSBY, WILLIAM JEFFERSON, teacher, was born December 28, 1880, at Silas; son of James Madison and Lucy Ann (Wright) Dansby, the former of Barbour County; grand son of Isham Dansby, and of Vergil and Mary (Kimbrough) Wright, who lived near Bladon Springs. He obtained his early education at Silas academy, graduated in 1902, with B. Ph. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 453 degree, at Troy State normal school; and in the law class, University of Alabama, 1913. He is a teacher by profession; taught in Choc taw County, 1902-10; principal of county high school, 1908-10; and has been county superin tendent of education, 1904 to 1913. He was a member of the house of representatives from Choctaw County in 1919. He is a Democrat; and was a delegate in 1904 and 1912 from his county to state conventions in Montgomery. He is a Baptist; belongs to the Masons, Order of Eastern Star, Odd Fellows, Woodmen of the World, Knights of Pythias, and Farmers' Union. Married: December 31, 1914, at Thomasville to Marcita, daughter of L. L. and Josephine (Adams) Moseley. Children: 1. . Josephine. Residence: Butler. DARBY, BENJAMIN, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 86, and a resident of Clarke County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on April 18, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $38.32; sums received to date of publication of list, $95,80. — Revolu tionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DARBY, STEPHEN JOSEPH, lawyer and editor, was born August 22, 1852, on a farm in Tallapoosa County; son of John West and Susan (White) Darby of Twigg County, Ga.; the former a Democrat and a Secessionist, and when the war broke out in 1861, enlisted as a private in the Forty-seventh Alabama regiment, was discharged because of failing health, re- enlisted in 1862, and died from disease in serv ice; grandson of Isaac and Mary (Lee) Darby, natives of Georgia, who lived on a plantation in that state, then moved to Stewart County, Ga., and finally to Bosier Parish, La., and of Capt. John and Nancy (Tanner) White, who lived in Anson County, N. C, and afterwards in Coosa County, Ala., the former of whom was a captain of militia in North Carolina. Mr. Dar by spent his early days on his father's farm, at tending the common schools in the neighbor hood. Later he studied in the high school of John McWade in Georgia, and the private school of I. O. Clifton at Summerville, Tex. For two years after he finished his schooling, he was employed as a traveling salesman in Texas. He returned to Alabama; studied law with Suttle and Kyle at Wetumpka; was ad mitted to the bar in June, 1874, beginning practice at Rockford, Coosa County; was ad mitted to the supreme court of Alabama, Jan uary 3, 1876; established the "Rockford En terprise," 1877; was elected solicitor of the fifth judicial circuit in 1880 for a term of six years and declined re-election; was admitted to the circuit court of the United States at Montgomery, 1885; moved to Birmingham, No vember, 1886, practicing law there for eight years, as well as connecting himself with J. C. Westbrook in the real estate business; be came secretary of the Birmingham agricul tural works, a director of the West Valley street railroad of that city, and attorney for both corporations; represented the department of justice in connection with the court of claims under Harrison's administration; was special assistant U. S. attorney, 1889; was admitted to the supreme court of the territory of Arizona, 1898; established the Arizona "Democrat" un der the name of "Daily Enterprise," in Phoenix, Ariz.; was elected city treasurer of Phoenix, 1899; moved to San Francisco; edited a news paper and was connected with a job printing office in that city up to and including the time of the earthquake; returned to Rockford; re sumed the practice of law in that city, and established the Rockford "Chronicle," Decem ber 4, 1908. Mr. Darby is a Democrat, has fre quently represented his locality in the state conventions of his party, and in 1884, was a delegate from the fifth district of Alabama to the national convention that nominated Grover Cleveland. In 1886, he was a candidate for the nomination for congress in the fifth district, and was defeated by three-fourths of one vote. He is a knight of the Golden Rule, and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: at Kowaliga, Rosalie, daughter of John C. and Elizabeth A. (Lam bert) Westbrook (q. v.), who lived at Kowa liga, and later at Birmingham. Children: 1. Stephen J., jr.; 2. Rosalie, attended normal school at Florence, teaches in the public school at East Lake; 3. Annie Lee. Residence: Alexander City. DARDEN, GEORGE, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Tusca loosa County; private Georgia Militia; enrolled on April 2, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $27.77; sums received to date of publication of list, $83.31. — Revolu tionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DARDEN, GEORGE WASHINGTON, lawyer, was born November 17, 1865, near Lafayette, Chambers County; son of William Cargil and Caroline Elizabeth (Holsteen) Darden, both of Chambers County, the former a planter, mer chant and manufacturer of West Point, Ga., for some time a Confederate soldier with the Georgia troops, judge of the Inferior court at West Point, Ga., and a representative from Chambers County, Ala., in the legislature, 1874; grandson of George Washington Darden of Cooksville, Ga., and of Stanmore and Statira (Grigsby) Holsteen, of Chambers County. Both sides of the house are of English origin and from North Carolina. Mr. Darden received his early education in the schools of .Lafayette, and attended the University of Alabama, 1884- 1887. He studied law; was admitted to the bar; began to practice law in Oneonta, and has continued in that place; served as a justice of the peace in 1891; as mayor of Oneonta in 1893; as presidential elector from the ninth district, 1904; as solicitor for the sixteenth judicial cir cuit, 1907; and was elected to the State leg islature, 1911. He is a Democrat, a Baptist and a Knight of Pythias. Married: June 26, 1891, at Oneonta, to Vaden, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Mamie Ruby Pratt of Madisonville, Ky. Residence : Oneonta. 454 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY DARDEN, JOHN AUSTIN, lawyer, was born April 2, 1879, near Rockford, Coosa County; son of John Alexander and Georgia Elizabeth (Webb) Darden, the former a native of Han over, Coosa County, who was a resident of that county all his life, taught school a number of years, farmed and engaged in the buying and selling of cattle; grandson of Uriah Addison and Mary (Logan) Darden, natives of Georgia, who moved to Coosa County, the former a private and corporal of Co. A, Forty-sixth Ala bama regiment, C. S. Army, who was captured at the battle of Lookout Mountain, and held a prisoner until the end of the war, and of Austin Pain and Ann Webb, natives of Georgia, who moved to Coosa County, the former a Con federate soldier who was captured at the bat tle of Missionary Ridge. Mr. Darden was left an orphan at an early age; attended the rural schools of Coosa County; was graduated from the Fourth district agricultural school, 1901; and from the law school of the University of Alabama, LL. B., 1903; was admitted to the bar June 1903, at Goodwater, where he has since practiced. He has been a justice of the peace, notary public, and a town attorney; and was elected to the State legislature from Coosa County, 1915. He is a Democrat; a Missionary Baptist; and a Columbian Woodman. Married: "September 23, 1900, near Nixburg, Coosa County, to Vashti Olie, daughter of Sampson Elijah and Martha Jane Sellers of that place, the former a Georgian, who moved to Alabama in early life, served in the Thirty-fourth Ala bama regiment, C. S. Army, until the surrender. Children: 1. Mabel Clara; 2. Eschol Sampson; 3. Olie Jewel; 4. John Austin, jr.; 5. Martha Elizabeth; 6. Norman Delmas. Residence: Goodwater. DARDEN, WILLIAM ABNER, secretary to the governor, was born November 25, 1883, at Cave Spring, Floyd County, Ga.; son of William Abner and Edna (Evans) Darden, the former of whom was a native of Hancock County, Ga.; grandson of William Abner and Nancy (Mor ris) Darden who lived in Virginia, and of Ed win Whitfield and Nancy (Reed) Evans, of Georgia. He is of Scotch descent on the pa ternal side, and of Welsh descent on the ma ternal side. He was educated in private schools in Anniston, attended the Alabama Polytechnic] institute, Auburn, for one year, and the Vir ginia Polytechnic institute, Blacksburg, Va., for one year. He entered the manufacturing business, gtarting to work with the Kilby Car and Foundry Company of Anniston when he was seventeen years old, and has been connected with that firm for twenty-one years, serving at present in the capacity of secretary and treas urer. He is also secretary to the governor of Alabama. He is a member of the Baptist church; a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason; a Knight Templar; and a Shriner. Residence: Anniston. DARGAN, EDMUND SPANN, lawyer, repre sentative in congress, chief justice supreme court of Alabama, was born April 15, 1805, in Montgomery County, N. C, and died November 22, 1879. He was the son of a Baptist minis ter of Irish descent. His mother whose maiden name was Lilly, was of English parentage. Judge Dargan was forced to support himself at an early age, because of the death of his father. By his own efforts, he obtained a fair knowl edge of English, Latin and Greek; was en gaged on a farm until he was twenty-three years old, then read law in the office of Col. Joseph Pickett of Wadesboro, N. C. In 1829 he came to Alabama, settling first in Washing ton, Autauga County, where he taught school for a short time, practiced law, and was elected justice of the peace for several years. He moved to Montgomery in 1833 and rose rapidly in his profession; was defeated for the State legislature in 1840 as a candidate of the minority party; was elected by the legislature to the bench of the circuit court of Mobile dis trict over Judge William Hale, of Mobile County, and immediately moved to Mobile County. He resigned the office of judge in 1842; was elected mayor of Mobile and to the State senate from Mobile, 1844. He resigned from the senate the following year, when he was the candidate of the Democratic party for congress, and was elected over Hon. Wil liam D. Dunn, the Whig condidate. He re fused a renomination; in December, 1847, was elected to the supreme bench of the state by the legislature, to fill the vacancy made by the death of Judge Goldthwaite, and, on the resignation of Justice Collier, in July, 1849, be came chief justice of the supreme court. Judge Dargan resigned from the position of chief justice in December, 1852, and resumed his practice in Mobile. He did not again ap pear in public life until he was elected to the constitutional convention of 1861, as a delegate from Mobile. He voted for the ordinance of secession. At the first election by the people of representatives in the Confederate congress, he was elected from the Mobile district, de feating Col. Percy Walker, and Col. Portis of Clarke. He served through the term, declined re-election, and took no active part in public affairs after peace was established. He was a Democrat. Married: Roxana Brock of Mont gomery. One of his sons, Moro, was born March 24, 1845; was a major and an aide on the staff of Gen. Clayton, C. S. Army; after the war was a broker in San Francisco, Calif.; and died May 6, 1883, at Spokane Falls, Wash. Last residence: Mobile. DARWIN, JAMES LANIER, physician, wa3 born July 8, 1859, at Meridianville, Madison County, and died March 3, 1916, at Huntsville; son of Sidney Sledge and Mary Ann (Lanier) Darwin, natives of Madison County, the former a Confederate soldier, engaged in the mercan tile business in Huntsville; grandson of George and Belinda (Humphrey) Darwin, and of Wil liam Dixon and Lucy Ann (Caldwell) Lanier, all of whom reside near Huntsville. Dr. Dar win was educated in the public and private schools of Madison County, spent two years at the Agricultural and mechanical college, now Alabama polytechnic institute, Auburn. Ill DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 455 health caused him to withdraw. He became a student at Bellevue hospital medical college, New York, graduating in 1888; was appointed on the staff of the Harlem hospital, which po sition he soon resigned, to accept a position on the resident staff of the New York cancer hos pital, where he served one year. In 1890 he returned to Huntsville where he practiced his profession until his death. He was a Demo crat; Knight of Pythias; and an Episcopalian. Married: May 22, 1902, at Nashville, Tenn., to Mattie, daughter of Oliver Beirne and Bettie (White) Patton of Huntsville; granddaughter of Dr. Charles H. and Susan (Beirne) Patton and of Gen. Addison and Sarah (Irvine) White, the latter a granddaughter of Dr. Ephraim Mc Dowell of Kentucky, whose wife was a daugh ter of Gov. Isaac and Suanna (Hart) Shelby, of that state. Children: 1. Martha; 2. Mary Beirne: 3. James Lanier, jr. Last residence: Huntsville. DAUGETTE, CLARENCE WILLIAM, teach er and president Jacksonville state normal school, was born October 14, 1873, at Bell's Landing, Monroe County; son of Thomas Wil liam and Clara Janet (Rankin) Daugette, who came from Clarke County, Ga., to Burnt Corn, Ala.; grandson of Chatham and Matilda (Camp bell) Daugette, and of Hugh and Clarissa Janet (Abney) Rankin; great-grandson of Duncan and Janet Rankin, and of Captain Henry L. and Martha Abney. The Rankins were of Scotch origin, while the Abneys came from South Carolina, all to South Alabama. Thomas W. Daugette served for four years in the Con federate army, and was a member of Company H, 2nd Alabama cavalry regiment. Prof. Daugette was educated at the Monroeville academy, and at the Alabama polytechnic in stitute, graduated B. S. 1893, and M. S. 1894; and took summer work at the University of Chicago, 1899-1900. He was an assistant at the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1893-94. He first taught school at Repton, 1887, and after wards at Range and Kent; taught science in the State normal school, Jacksonville, 1894 to 1898; and in 1899 elected president of that in stitution, a position he still retains. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Mason, and a Woodman of the World. He has been a member of the Alabama educational association since 1896 and has served as first vice-president, secre tary, and as a member of its executive commit tee. He has served as president Calhoun County good roads association, and is interested in chamber of commerce work. He is editor of the "Normal school bulletin," a magazine for teachers, issued quarterly by the school of which he is president. Married: at Jackson ville, December 22, 1897, to Annie Rowan, daughter of John Horace and Septima Sexta Middleton (Rutledge) Forney (q. v.) of Cal houn County. Children: 1 Kathleen Forney; 2. Palmer, a daughter; 3. Clarence W., jr.; 4. Rutledge Forney; 5. Rankin Middleton. Resi dence: Jacksonville. DAVENPORT, JAMES M., physician, was born in Kentucky about 1802, and died in De mopolis, 1842. He represented Marengo County in the legislature of 1840. Garrett says of him: "He was an educated gentleman, of pleasant address on the floor and elsewhere, a Whig in principle, and a very respectable debater, though he never tried the patience of the House by the frequency or length of his speeches." Married: in Demopolis, Alethia Ann, daughter of Allen and Sarah (Norwood) Glover, (q. v.), and the sister-in-law of Francis S. Lyon. After the death of Dr. Davenport, his widow married Alexander Graham, of Eutaw. No children. He is buried in the Allen Glover cemetery near Demopolis. Last residence: Demopolis. DAVENPORT, ROBERT B., captain in Col. J. C. Malone's 9th Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. Deceased. Last residence: Val ley Head. DAVIDSON, ALEXANDER CALDWELL, lawyer and congressman, was born December 26, 1826, in Mecklenburg County, N. C, and died November 6, 1897, at Uniontown; son of John Howard and Martha (Caldwell) Davidson, both natives of Mecklenburg County, who emi grated to Alabama in 1835 and located in Marengo County, where he lived until his death ; grandson of John Davidson, an emigrant to North Carolina from Belfast, Ireland, a mer chant and died of the yellow fever in Char leston, on the first appearance of that plague in the United States, and of Rev. Alexander Caldwell and his wife, who was a Miss David son, a daughter of John Davidson, a signer of the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independ ence, the former the son of Dr. Caldwell, an emigrant from Pennsylvania to North Caro lina, and who was known as the fighting par son of the revolution, and served churches at Alamance. This Davidson family was related to the well known Graham family of North Carolina. Alexander C. Davidson received his elementary and academic education in Ma rengo County, then entered the University of Alabama, from which he was graduated in 1848. Two years later he received from the University the degree of A. M. In the meanwhile he studied law in Mobile, but owing to his father's health he was forced to give up its practice and to take up his father's business of planting and railroad construction in which he at tained great success. On the outbreak of the War of Secession Col. Davidson, as he was called, offered his services to the Southern cause, but they were not accepted on account of his physical disabilities. He was often heard to declare that this rejection of the offer of his services in behalf of his native South was the great sorrow of his life. In 1881 as a Democrat he was elected to the lower house of the legislature and served one term. In 1884 he served in the State senate. In March, 1885, he was elected as a representa tive from the fourth district of Alabama to the United States congress, was re-elected in 1887, thus serving through the forty-ninth and fiftieth congresses, and was a member of the committee on agriculture and labor. He was 456 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY an Episcopalian. Married: May 3, 1860, at Uniontown, to Maria Overton, daughter of Col. James L. Price, of Perry County. Children: 1. James Price, m. Mary Purnell Sharpe; 2. John Howard, m. Nancy Elizabeth Phillips; 3. Alexander Caldwell, jr., A. B., LL. B., Univer sity of Alabama, 1887; 4. Louis Overton, A. B. University of Alabama, 1888. Last residence: Uniontown. DAVIDSON, HENRY CLARK, insurance and real estate, was born July 31, 1845, at Montgomery; son of James and Lucretia (Baily) Davidson, the former of Melrose, Scot land, emigrated to Montgomery, 1841, was merchant, cotton factor, and treasurer of city of Montgomery, 1875-83, and the latter bom in Haddam, Conn.; grandson of Jonathan and Annie Elizabeth (Briggs) Davidson, of Mel rose, both buried in the family graveyard at Abbotsford. Henry Clark Davidson was edu cated in private schools of Montgomery. He was clerk in the office of secretary of State, Confederate States of America, 1861-62; clerk in the quartermaster's department, Montgom ery, 1862-63; and orderly sergeant, Co. D, Sev enth Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army, 1863 to the close of the war. He was a merchant in Montgomery, 1865-84, excepting a brief pe riod from 1866-68, when he resided in New York; and has been in the insurance and real estate business since 1884. He has been mem ber of Montgomery city council; aide, with rank of major of cavalry, on staff of Gen. George P. Harrison, commander Alabama di vision, U. C. V. He is a Democrat; an Epis copalian; a Mason; a Knight of Pythias; Elk; and Shriner. Married: July 31, 1872, at Mont gomery to Fannie, daughter of Henry P. and Betsy Ann (Nicholson) Lee. Children: 1. Harry L., m. Caroline C. — ; 2. Katherine Lucretia, m. George F. Linder, resides in At lanta, Ga. Residence: Montgomery. DAVIDSON, JAMES, SR., business man and public official, was born March 25, 1811, in Mel rose, Scotland, and died January 6, 1884, in Montgomery. In 1831, he emigrated to America first settling in New York City; later removed to Georgia; in 1849, located permanently in Montgomery, Ala.; and engaged successfully in various forms of business. For many years and until one month previous to his death, he served as treasurer of the City of Montgomery. He was a Democrat; a Mason; and an Episco palian. Married: in Haddam, Conn., to Lucre tia, daughter of George Baily, of that place. Children: 1. Henry C. (q. v.), m. Fan nie O. Lee; 2. James, jr., m. Jennie R. Keyes; 3 William B., m. Fannin Ferrett, of LaGrange, Ga.; 4- Lucretia, m. Belsr Wyman, of Mont gomery. Last residence: Montgomery. DAVIDSON, JAMES L., merchant, was born February 14, 1837, at Centerville; son of Sam uel W. and Frances (Stringfellow) Davidson, respectively natives of North and South Caro lina the former was reared on a farm and received a common school education, migrated from North Carolina to Alabama in 1819 and settled near Pratt's Ferry in the present Bibb County, where he eventually became a large planter, was a representative from Bibb County in 1840 and filled many township offices, and through his efforts the Presbyterian church was built in Centerville in 1859; grandson of John and Margaret (Wilson) Davidson, the former a native of North Carolina, a merchant and a soldier in the Revolution who died in Bibb County, the latter was born in 1761, died in North Carolina, and reared a family of nine children. James L. Davidson was reared in Centerville and received his education at the colleges of Centerville and Tuscaloosa. At the outbreak of the War of Secession he or ganized the first infantry company in the county, of which he was elected captain. He took the company to Virginia where he com manded it until 1862, when he was detached and served as lieutenant colonel until the end of the war. He was at Seven Pines, Chicka mauga and a number of skirmishes. At the close of the war, he followed for one year the grocers business in Mobile then formed a part nership in Centerville with Robert Mcllvaine. He soon after bought out his partner's interest and alone entered upon a successful career, which has continued to the present day. In 1882 he was appointed postmaster at Centre- ville. He was a very large land owner and owns a fine plantation two miles south of Centre- ville. He was a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: (1) January 27, 1864, to Fanny, daughter of Hugh Barclay; (2) November 17, 1867, to Susan A., daughter of James and Ann (Suell) Rowell. Children: by second mar riage: 1. Margaret; 2. Anna; 3. Fannie; 4. Ella; 5. Dora; 6. James; 7. Ida; all deceased. Resi dence: Centerville. DAVIDSON, JAMES MILLER, lawyer and State senator, was born December 17, 1844, at Scotland, Monroe County; son of William and Mary Jane (McMillan) Davidson, the former a native of Camden, Kershaw District, S. C, removed with his parents to Monroe County, in 1818; grandson of John and Patsy (Miller) Davidson, and of Rev. Neill and Mary McMil lan, all of Monroe County; great-grandson of John and Jennie (King) Davidson, who emi grated from Ireland to America about 1784; great-great grandson of Hugh Davidson and wife, a Miss McCrory, who lived near Dub lin, Ireland. James Miller Davidson re ceived his early education from Rev. H. A. Smith, Hon. M. M. McCorvey, H. H. Hol comb, and R. A. Andress. He attended the Stonewall institute, near Summerfield; studied law at the University of Virginia; supple mented his law course with private reading; was admitted to the bar in 1872; entered upon the practice at Monroeville; removed to Pol lard, Escambia County, 1874; and settled in Brewton, in 1883. He was elected to the State senate, 1884-88; was mayor of Brewton, 1893, and served on the Democratic committees of Monroe and Escambia Counties several times. He enlisted as a private in Co. H, 17th Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, in the fall of 1861; was promoted to first sergeant, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 459 which office he filled until wounded at the bat tle of Franklin; was taken prisoner and pa roled at Pt. Lookout, Md., June 7, 1865; and was adjutant, Gen. Clanton Camp, U. C. V., Brewton, 1913. He is a Presbyterian; a Dem ocrat;! and a Mason. Married: April 9, 1878, at Pollard, to Sarah Catherine, daughter of Malcom and Mary Jane (McCaskill) McMil lan. The McMillans and McCaskills located in West Florida in the early part of the 19th century from Richmond and Robeson Counties, N. C, to which their forefathers had emigrated from Scotland about 1760. Children: 1. Mary Anna, m. J. D. Williams, Birmingham; 2. William Malcom, lawyer, Birmingham; 3. Catherine Elizabeth; 4. Sarah McMillan; 5. James Marion; 6. Eleanor; 7. Kathleen; 8. Edward Neill; 9. Ada McCaskill. Residence: Brewton. DAVIE, JESSE BATTS, merchant, was born February 23, 1856, on his father's plantation in Barbour County; son of Marshall Calhoun and Jane Elizabeth (Bass) Davie; and brother of Dr. Judson Davie (q. v.). Mr. Davie re ceived his education at his father's home and in Spring Hill academy, Barbour County. After leaving the farm, on which he passed his boyhood, he became a clerk in a village store; then successively chief clerk in the office of the probate judge of Barbour County; clerk in the office of the master of trains in the Central of Georgia railroad company; store manager and buyer for the Comer and Mc Curdy mining company at Pratt' Mines; store manager and buyer for Woodward iron com pany, at Dolomite, Jefferson County; and finally entering the mercantile business inde pendently, at West Blocton, on October 3, 1889. He served two consecutive terms as president of the Bibb county jury commission; and was a member of the house of representatives from Bibb County, 1915. He is a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: January 7, 1879, on her father's plantation, to Rebecca Tate, daughter of Jonathan McConico and Rebecca (Wood ruff) Thornton, of Barbour County. Chil dren: 1. Marshall Calhoun, m. Mary Emma Huddleston, West Blocton; 2. Jessie, m. Dr. M. C. Thomas; 3. Kathleen, m. Dr. Peacy E. Godbold; 4. Nuckols Thornton, M. D.; 5. Gladys, m. William Morris Lucy, Belle Ellen. Residence: West Blocton. DAVIE, JUDSON, physician, was born April 17, 1851 in Barbour County; son of Marshall Calhoun and Jane Elizabeth (Bass) Davie, the former of whom was born at his father's plan tation home in Columbia County, Ga., and lived at several places in Georgia until he moved to Barbour County, Ala., in 1848, and became a planter there; grandson of William and Ruby (Wellborn) Davie, who lived and died near Augusta, Ga., and of Buckner and Ann Eliza beth (Bass) who moved from Georgia to Bar bour County in 1848; great-grandson of Robert Davie who married a Miss Wellborn, fought with his brother and father in the Revolution ary War in the battle of Guilford Court House Vol. Ill— 30 and other battles, after the war settled in Geor gia, near Augusta, and was given a grant of land by the state of North Carolina in Madison County, Tenn., then territory of North Carolina, where many of the descendants of the family settled, and of Elias and Mary (Marshall) Well born, the former a soldier in the Revolution; great-great-grandson of Gabriel Ashburn Davie who married a Miss Bumpas; great-great-great- grandson of William Davie who came to Amer ica from Cumberlandshire, England, about the year 1820, the first of the family to settle in America, located first on the Potomac River, where the City of Washington now stands, mar ried Mary Ashburn of England, moved to Per son County, N. J., where he spent the remainder of his life, was a cousin of Gen. William Rich ardson Davie, of North Carolina, who fought in the Revolution. Dr. Davie received all of his education at home from his father except his profes sional. He studied medicine for a couple of years in the office of Dr. J. B. Pouncey, then entered the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta, and was graduated, M. D., 1872. He began the practice of medicine that same year in Spring Hill, Barbour County; was in part nership with his brother, Dr. Mercer Davie, until 1878, and has continued his practice there at his plantation home. He was elected to the State legislature from Barbour County, 1888, and served for two years; was elected state surgeon to the convict system, 1894, for a term of one year, was appointed physician inspector of convicts on the state board of convict in spectors by Gov. Oates in 1895, in charge of the hospital at Speigner where the state farm is located; was elected to the State senate from the twenty-fourth senatorial district, 1900, and while a member of that body was the author of a bill which became the present law controlling the practice of medicine in the state of Alabama; was appointed to take charge of a large hospital for state and county con victs at Flat Top Mine, in Jefferson County by Gov. Jelks, 1902, and was re-appointed to the same position in 1907 by Gov. Comer; served in that capacity for nearly nine years in all, then returned to his home at Spring Hill. While he was a member of the board of con vict inspectors, Dr. Davie was the originator of the plan to use convict labor in building and operating cotton mills, which plan has since been adopted by the legislature and put in force. He is a Democrat, and a member of the Democratic Executive Committee for Barbour County; is a member of the Barbour County Medical Society, of the State Medical Association, and of the American Medical Association. He is author of several articles published in medical journals. Married: De cember 8, 1874, near Spring Hill, Georgia Tul- lalah, daughter of Joshua and Rebecca (Roberts) Hillman of Randolph County, Ga. Her father was a Confederate soldier who died in the army, a short time after the death of his wife. Mrs. Davie was adopted when she was three or four years old, by Mr. Leroy Up- shaw and his wife, Annie Harris, who was a cousin of Mrs. Hillman. Children: 1. Annie 460 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Lee, m. December, 1902, Leroy J. Upshaw, re sides at Rutherford, Russell County, has two children, Leroy Davie and Judson Davie; 2. Edward Rutledge, m. January, 1904, Leila Long, resides at Spring Hill, Barbour County, one child, Evelyn. Residence: Comer. DAVIE, MERCER STILLWELL, physician, was born July 12, 1873, at Cowikee, Barbour County; son of Mercer Stillwell and Mary Eliza (Cody) Davie, the former of Talbot Coun ty, Ga., who lived at Cowikee, Pleasant Point, Tex., and Clayton, Ozark, Pinckard and Dothan; grandson of Marshall Calhoun and Jane Elizabeth (Bass) Davie; and of Michael and Frances (Thornton) Cody, whose last residence was Dothan. Dr. Davie was educated at Cowikee, Columbia, and Ozark; graduated at Tulane university, New Orleans, La., M. D., 1899. He at once began the prac tice of his profession in Dothan, where he has been continuously engaged; has been coun cillor and censor of the Medical associa tion of Alabama, and orator of the association, 1906; was first health officer of Houston Coun ty, and president Houston County medical society. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Mason. Married: June 27, 1901, at Eufaula, to Victoria, daughter of John C. and Victoria (Williams) McEachern (q. v.). Residence: Dothan. DAVIES, T. W. W., major and later lieuten ant colonel, 28th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. DAVILA Y PADILLA, Spanish author and explorer. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. DAVIS, BENJAMIN, planter and merchant, was born April 25, 1780, in Brunswick County, Va., and died June 29, 1863, in Autauga County; son of Maj. Benjamin and Tabitha Davis who lived in Brunswick County, Va., the former of whom was an officer in the Rev olution, who came to Alabama in the early days of the state, about the time of its ad mission into the Union, and settled in Autauga County. The Davis family is of Welsh an cestry- Mr. Davis served in the War of 1812, and came to Alabama in 1818 or 1819, locating in Autauga County. He became a merchant and planter; was elected to the State legisla ture from Autauga County about 1828, when the capitol was at Tuscaloosa, and served two terms. At one time he was tax collector of Autauga County. He was a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: March 28, 1816, Martha, daughter of Benjamin Taylor who came to Alabama from Georgia and settled in Au tauga County. She died in 1873 at the age of seventy-seven years. Children: 1. Mary Eliza, m. Cary L. Newman; 2. Merritt Warren, killed at nine years by a falling tree; 3. Benjamin F., M. D., m. Elizabeth Frith, son, Walter G. Davis, of Prattville; 4. Louisiana Caroline, m. John H. Barlow; 5. Thomas Asbury, physician, served in the C. S. Army as captain of Co. G., Sixth Alabama infantry, then as surgeon of the regiment, later as brigade sur geon under Gen. Gordon, m. Dora Motley; 6. Robert Henry, d. when twenty-one years old; 7. Laura Taylor, m. William Caver; 8. Martha Aurelia, m. George W. Zeigler; 9. John Wil liam, physician, b. in 1838, deceased, was grad uated from the University of Atlanta, M. D., 1859, joined Co. G, Sixth Alabama infantry, went with it to Virginia where he was taken prisoner the day before the first battle of Bull Run, and was confined in prison at Washing ton, D. C, for six months, was paroled, prac ticed medicine for nine months in Perry County, was detailed to take charge of the sick at the Alabama Salt Works in Clarke County, joined the artillery at Mobile, was sent to Fort Gaines where he was again captured, was confined for three months in the barracks at New Orleans, for four months on Ship Island, was exchanged January, 1865, returned home, resumed his practice and farming, m. 1867, Astoria J., daughter of Dr. John and Clarissa Shackleford of Autauga County, granddaughter of Gen. Shackleford, one of the pioneers of Autauga County, adopted and reared Dr. Robert Davis, son of his deceased brother. Last residence: Autauga County. DAVIS, BENJAMIN BULLOCK, druggist, merchant, was born September 9, 1829, at Phil adelphia, and died August 19, 1888 while on a visit to his sister in Philadelphia; son of An thony Davis, who was born at Rochdale, Eng land, and emigrated to America about 1810, settling as an iron-founder in Philadelphia. He received a common school education in Philadelphia; trained for the drug business in that city; moved to Montgomery, Ala., in 1850 and entered the drug business there in connec tion with Coxe and Hutchings; entered the hardware business as a member of the firm of Davis, Stratford and Dillard; later was in the book business and sold out to Joel White. Dur ing the War of Secession, he was for a period secretary and treasurer of the Montevallo Coal Mining Company, furnishing coal mined at what is now the Aldrich mine, to the Central Foundry at Selma, where cannon were made for the Confederacy; moved back to Mont gomery in 1865, entering into the hardware business with William H. Ware, under the firm name of Ware and Davis; bought out his partner and moved his stock of hardware to Eufaula, 1877. He was a deacon in the First Baptist church at Montgomery and at Eufaula for many years, and for eleven years was re cording secretary of the Alabama Baptist State Convention, in which office he was suc ceeded by his oldest son. He was a Mason. Married: September 14, 1854, in LaGrange, Ga., Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Wil liam Anderson Callaway, who lived at La Grange, Ga., and in Meriwether County, Ga. Children: 1. William Anthony (q. v.); 2. Mary, m. (1) John Edward Fitzpatrick, de ceased, (2) Joseph A. Hall, resides at Atlanta, Ga.; 3. George Benjamin, m. Sallie B. Davis, resides at Athens, Ga.; 4. Jennie Trlebels, d. 1891, in Atlanta, Ga., m. William W. Reid. Last residence: Eufaula. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 461 DAVIS, CLINT, captain, prominent citizen of Madison County; son of Nicholas Davis, sr.; brother of Zeb P. and Lawrence Ripley Davis (q. v.). Deceased. Last residence: Huntsville. DAVIS, DANIEL, physician, was born May 1, 1798, in Pendleton District, S. C, and died in Jefferson County, July 12, 1869; son of Edward Davis of South Carolina. Dr. Davis received his education in South Carolina;' re moved to Alabama in 1818; settled in Tusca loosa County in 1821. He was a Baptist. Mar ried: Lanie Brownlee, of Abbeville District, S. C. Children: order conjectural, 1. Bettie, m. George W. Marshall of Virginia, second cousin of Chief Justice Marshall; 2. Edward, m. (1) Elizabeth McMath of Jefferson County; (2) Mary C. Perry of Montevallo; 3. John W., m. Susan S. Etheridge of Mobile; 4. Elias, m. Rhoda Georgia Anna Latham (q. v.); 5. Ralph, m. Anna E. Suttle of Bibb County; 6. died young; 7. died young; 8. Lanie, m. a merchant of Eutaw; 9. Amanda, m. a minis ter of Kentucky; 10. Mary; 11. William. Last residence: Jefferson County. DAVIS, DEWITT C, member constitutional convention, 1861, from Covington County. DAVIS, EDWARD, farmer and merchant, was born in 1820 near Charleston, S. C, and died April 27, 1869, at Montevallo; son of Daniel and Lanie (Brownlee) Davis, the for mer of Irish descent, a native of South Caro lina who removed to Alabama, locating in Jef ferson County where he practiced medicine and conducted planting interests, the latter of French ancestry. Mr. Davis was educated in the common schools and began his business eareer as a merchant's clerk. At eighteen years of age he entered into business for himself, becoming a merchant and farmer. He held the rank of colonel in the Alabama militia, and during the War of Secession was detailed by the Confederate government to fill a coal con tract for use in manufacturing guns and sup plies of the army. He was opposed to Seces sion but held tenaciously to the principles of States Rights. He accidentally discovered coal on his farm at which is now Aldrich, sold the property and re-invested in more lands and resumed his activities. Earlier in life he owned and operated a farm where Avondale now stands. He was converted before his death and desired to join the Baptist church, but the state of his health prevented immersion. He was a Mason. Married: (1) Elizabeth, daughter of Malachi McMath, of Jefferson County; (2) October 1, 1859, to Mary C, daugh ter of Jacob and Sarah (McLeroy) Perry, who lived near Montevallo, Shelby County. Chil dren: by the first wife: 1. Josephine, d. un married; 2. William, d. unmarried; 3. Thomas, d. young; 4. John, d. unmarried; 5. Amanda, d. young; 6. Frank, m. a Georgia girl; 7. Eliza beth, m. J. C. Harris, Mansfield, Tex.; by the second wife: 8. Daniel, d. in infancy; 9. Charles, m. Emily Johnson, Navista, Tex. LaBt resi dence: Montevallo. DAVIS, ELIAS, physician, was born March 7, 1833, in Jefferson' County, and died August 21, 1864; son of Daniel and Lanie (Brown lee) Davis (q. v.). He received his early edu cation in the schools of his native county; read medicine with Dr. Joseph R. Smith, at Elyton; graduated from the Medical college of Georgia in 1853; entered upon the prac tice at Trussville. Dr. Davis enlisted as a private in Co. B, 10th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army; was promoted to lieutenant, and to major a few days before being killed in the battle around Petersburg; fought in the battles of seven days before Richmond, Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg and in the defense of Petersburg. He was a Baptist. Married: Rhoda Georgia Anna Latham of Trussville. Children: 1. John D. S.; (q. v.) 2. W. Elias B.; (q. v.). Last residence: Trussville. DAVIS, FREDERICK EUSTACE, physician, was born August 14, 1874, at Centerville, Bibb County; son of Ralph and Anne E. (Suttle) Davis; grandson of Daniel Davis, a native of Ireland and of Judge John and Margaret (Good win) Suttle of Bibb County, the former who was on the county bench for fourteen years. Dr. Davis was educated in the public schools and in the high school at Montevallo. At the age of eighteen he became a drug clerk in his father's apothecary store where he remained for two years. ' He entered the Birmingham medical college and graduated in 1899, after which date he became an interne in the Davis infirmary, Birmingham. He became a practi tioner in 1902, locating at Springville, forming a partnership with Dr. McLaughlin. He also owns a drug store. He is a Democrat; Wood man of the World; member St. Clair County and State medical associations; and on the board of medical examiners for his county. Married: in 1901, to Mamie Lena McJoel, of Nashville, Tenn. Residence: Springville. DAVIS, GARDNER HARWELL, farmer, was born in 1804, in Upson County, Ga., and died March 24, 1874, in Glenville, Barbour County. His mother was Martha Harwell. He came to Alabama prior to the Indian war of 1836 and participated in that campaign; represented Russell County in the legislature in 1862 as a Whig; opposed secession but when hostilities became inevitable he yielded to the majority, and while too old to join the army he sent five sons to the front. He was a justice of the peace for many years; was a Methodist; and after the war he affiliated with the Democrats. Married: in Upson County, Ga., Mary Trice, of a Talbot County, Ga., family. Children: 1. Elizabeth, m. John Oswell Lamar; 2. Hiram Alonzo, m. Mary Frances Griggs, of Midway; 3. E. Monroe, m. Elizabeth Mims, of Prattville; 4. James Lapsley, killed at Gettysburg; 5. Henry Harrison, planter and minister, student at the University of Alabama, 1861-62, m. Martha Alice Stearns; 6. Sallie Hunter, m. Joseph I. Blackstone, of McLendon; 7. Wil liam, m. Mary Low Coleman, of Eufaula; 8. Zachary Trice, m. Lula Russell, of Warrior Stand; 9. John Gardner, m. Ludie Owens, of Troy; 10. Mary Julia, m. Thacker Howard Owens, of Troy; 11. Emma Lou, m. James Mon- 462 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY roe Jones, of Eufaula. Last residence: Glen- ville. DAVIS, HIRAM GLASS, Methodist minister, was born October 3, 1860, at Gordo, Pickens County; son of Dr. Daniel Puckett and Amanda Meloina (Moseley) Davis, the former a noted typhoid and pneumonia specialist, born in Lumpkin, Ga., who was elected captain of the Plow Boys Company at Tuscaloosa at the be ginning of the War of Secession, but resigned under pressure to continue as a physician; grandson of Rev. William Moseley, of Griffin, Ga., a Baptist preacher who was elected to the Georgia legislature, to the state senate, and came within three votes of being elected governor of the state of Georgia without an nouncing himself as candidate or making any canvass. His early education was secured from the schools of Gordo, and from Pickens ville seminary; later he attended the South ern university at Greensboro. He studied for the ministry, finishing the conference theo logical course in 1889; became pastor at North- port, Conn., at Jasper, Stevenson and Bridge port. He was in charge of the Baptist churches at Russellville, Florence, Athente, Alexander City, St. John's and Woodlawn Baptist churches at Birmingham, and First Baptist church at New Orleans, La.; was presiding elder of the New Orleans district, of the Shreveport dis trict, La., Monroe district. La., Tuscaloosa district, and of the First Baptist church, Miami, Fla. He held the presidency of the Athens Female college, 1899-1901; and of the Women's college at Anniston, 1901. The de gree of D. D. was conferred upon Dr. Davis by Blountville college, 1895. He is a Demo crat, a trustee of colleges at Birmingham and Athens, prelate of the Knights of Pythias and a member of the Odd Fellows. Married: (1) December 7, 1897, . at Tuscaloosa, Giel, daughter of Col. John and Annie Irving (McGehee) Glascock, of Tuscaloosa, first cousin of the gallant Pelham of war fame, and of Henry Clay, statesman; (2) August 11, 1904, at "Wildwood" plantation, Louisiana, Margaret Eleanora, daughter of William Henry and Winnifred Cleburne (Silk) Beas ley, grandniece of Gov. William Trous dale of Tennessee, and of Gen. Pat Cleburne; niece of Dr. Buffin B. Beasley, at one time member of the Louisiana legislature. Children: 1. Minnie Lou; 2. Irvenue Clay; 3. William Beasley; 4. Morrison Moseley. Residence: Miami, Fla. DAVIS, HUBERT TREVELYAN, lawyer, was born March 9, 1864, at Tuskegee; son of Richard Tatum and Mary Caroline (Fort) Davis (q. v.). He was educated at the Park high school of Tuskegee, and at the Univer sity of Alabama, graduating A. B., 1882, A. M., 1883. In 1890 he entered upon the prac tice of law at Gadsden; was solicitor of the city court, 1895-1901; has been a trustee of the University of Alabama since 1898, was elected to the constitutional convention of 1901 and was a member of committees on order, consistency and harmony, and on repre sentation in that body. He was a member of the, house of representatives from Etowah County, 1903. Mr. Davis taught in Barton academy, Mobile, 1882-1886; was principal of the academy at Carrollton, 1888-89, and read law there under Martin Luther Stansel in 1889- 1890. He retired from the practice in 1907 and located on his plantation at Fort Davis. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a Mason and a Knight of Pythias. Married: June 29, 1904, at New Decatur, to Rosalie, daughter of Dr. George R. and Sarah P. Sullivan, of that place. Children: 1. Trevelyan; 2. Madison. Resi dence: Fort Davis. DAVIS, J. H, member constitutional conven tion 1865, from Randolph County. DAVIS, JEFFERSON SUTTLE, physician, was born March 20, 1868, at Centerville, and died December, 1895, at Montevallo; son of Dr. Ralph and Annie Elizabeth (Suttle) Davis; grandson of Dr. Daniel and Lanie (Brownlee) Davis (q. v.), who lived at Bucksville, and of Judge John Willis and Mary (Goodwin) Sut tle, of Centerville, Bibb County, the former of whom served as probate judge of Bibb County for eight consecutive years, and owned a large plantation and about one hundred slaves. His father was a physician, who served as a private for three years in the Tenth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, then was made assist ant surgeon of Dr. Batty's infantry, at Au gusta, Ga.; and lived at Bucksville, Centerville and Montevallo. Dr. Davis obtained his early schooling in Montevallo; attended the Monte vallo Academy; studied medicine in Mobile and Augusta, Ga., and was graduated from the Medical College at the latter place with first honors, M. D., 1890. Soon after his graduation, he began to practice medicine and surgery at Montevallo, and continued his practice in that city until his death in 1895. He was a Demo crat and a member of the Baptist church. A contemporary has said of Dr. Davis, "Full of energy, ambition and a tireless worker, he soon built up a reputation as a studious and thoughtful physician, and early won distinc tion and honorable place in his home. He was a patient student, a willing disciple, a great reader, and with his pen gave to the world the results of an experience very large indeed for the few years of his professional life." Last residence: Montevallo. DAVIS, JOHN, soldier of the American Revo lution, aged 61, and a resident of Mobile County; private S. C. Continental Line; en rolled on September 29, 1819. under act of Congress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from February 15, 1819; annual allowance, $96; dropped under act May 1, 1820. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DAVIS, JOHN A., delegate, twenty-ninth senatorial district, constitutional convention, 1901. Residence: Fort Payne. DAVIS, JOHN DANIEL SINKLER, physi cian, was born January 19, 1859, at Trussville, Jefferson County; son of Dr. Elias and Geor- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 463 gianna (Latham) Davis, both natives of Jef ferson County, the former a physician, who entered the Confederate army as a private in 1860, later was made captain, and was bre- vetted major the very day upon wbjch he was killed, at Petersburg, Va., August 21, 1864; grandson of Dr. Daniel and Lanie (Brownlee) Davis (q. v.), and of Sinkler and Rhoda (Edwards) Latham, of Trussville; and great-grandson of Dr. John Edwards, also of Trussville. Dr. Davis received his academic education at Trussville, under Prof. R. G. Hewitt and at McCalla under Prof. I. W. McAdory; spent one year in school at Mon tevallo, and read medicine in Birmingham in the office of Dr. M. H. Jordan; and graduated in 1879 from the medical college of Georgia at Augusta, and in April, 1879, entered upon the practice at Ferryville, St. Clair County, and in May, 1881, he removed to Birmingham, where he since resided. He was president of the Jefferson County medical society, 1888; vice-president of the Southern surgical and gynecological association, 1904; vice-president American association of obstetrics and gyne cology, 1907; and president Birmingham sur gical and gynecological society, 1911. Soon after entering upon the practice he made a series of investigations, resulting in the discov ery of the effect of malaria upon the eye, and the condition he called "malarial amblyopia." His work in the field of general practice and surgery has been varied and extensive, and he has given the numerous papers and articles in the professional press illustra tive of his discoveries. He was one of the founders and editors of the Alabama medical and surgical journal, published in two vol umes; and his contributions to medical litera ture number more than a hundred titles. He is a Baptist, a Knight of Pythias, and an Elk. Married: July 15, 1897, in Birmingham, Mar garet Elizabeth (q. v.), daughter of Capt. Frank P. and Indiana (McBryde) O'Brien (q. v.) of that place. This happy union was "broken by the death of the young wife a few months after marriage. Residence: Birmingham. DAVIS, JOHN T., pioneer Missionary Bap tist minister. Deceased. Last residence: Columbia. DAVIS, JOHN W., major, lieutenant-colonel, 20th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. DAVIS, JOSEPH H, member constitutional convention, 1867, from Randolph County, rep resenting the 27th election district. DAVIS, L. C, president Alabama Baptist state convention, 1826, and 1827. DAVIS, LAWRENCE RIPLEY, planter and public official, was born February 27, 1819, in Kentucky, and died at Athens; son of Nicholas and Martha (Hargrave) Davis (q. v.). He was educated in Limestone County; and en gaged in agricultural pursuits until the war. He read law and was admitted to the bar but never practiced. In 1849 he was elected on the Whig ticket from Limestone County as a representative in the legislature, and was again elected in 1859. In 1855 he had been defeated on the policy of taxation for building the South and North railroad, a policy which he opposed. He was a member of the legislature when the State seceded, and although opposed to that principle, he yielded to the majority. In 1860 he was an elector on the Bell and Everett ticket. Garrett says of him at this period: "Mr. Davis was again returned to the house in 1861, finding a great change in polit ical classifications. Instead of Democratic and Whig, Union and Southern Rights, or Fire- eaters as they existed ten or twelve years pre viously, he beheld all former party distinctions obliterated, and all standing shoulder to shoul der in support of a common cause for self gov ernment." He removed to Athens in 1873 and established the "Limestone News," which he edited for one year, and then accepted the position of private secretary to Gov. George S. Houston. In 1876 he was appointed register in chancery for his county, and was occupying this office when he was appointed postmaster of Athens by President Cleveland, in 1885. His taste for editorial work was strong and during 1882 he edited the "Athens Post." He was an old Whig, but after the war, a Demo crat, and his abilities as speaker, writer and presiding officer were constantly requisitioned by his party. Married: March 27, 1851, in Russell County, to Mary, daughter of Capt. James Abercrombie (q. v.) ; and (2) June 27, 1861, to Sarah Ann, daughter of Thomas Joyce and Martha Fleming (Beattie) McClellan (q. v.), of Athens. Children: 1. Martha Hargrave, m. W. C. Nichols; 2. Jane Bacon, m. Robert Kelly, Madison County; 3. Malvina, m. James Jackson, Huntsville; 4. Susan Lowe; 5. Will- iametta; by the second marriage: 6. Effle; 7. Sophia Lowe; 8. Mary Lane; 9. Bessie; 10. Lawrence Ripley, jr. Last residence: Athens. DAVIS, LE ROY W., physician, surgeon and planter, was born in 1827, in Newton County, Ga.; son of George C. and Jane (Montgomery) Davis, the former a native of North Carolina who removed to Georgia, later to Morgan County, and who served in the Indian War of 1812, the latter of Morgan County, Ga.; grand son of John Davis, a native of England who emigrated to America as a young man and lived in Virginia, and of James M. Montgomery, a Primitive Baptist minister, of Irish parentage, a native of Morgan County, Ga. Dr. Davis at tended Mercer university, Penfield, Ga., grad uating in 1848, then read medicine, and grad uated from the Medical college, Augusta, Ga., in 1851. He spent one year at home in the prac tice of his profession; six years in Newton County, Ga.; removing to Alabama in 1858 and locating in Montgomery County. Here he re sumed his practice, at the same time carrying on a large mercantile business, running two cotton gins, a. grist mill, saw mill and owning over one thousand acres of land. Married: in 1859, to Fleta, daughter of Charles J. and Christiana (Holman) Matthews, natives of Morgan County, Ga., who removed to Autauga County, later locating in Montgomery County where the former became a prosperous planter. 464 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY The town of Fleta was named for Mrs. Fleta Davis. Children: 1. daughter, m. George A. Shackelford, one of the early and most prom inent citizens of Montgomery County. Last res idence: Fleta. DAVIS, LEWIS C, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 78, and a resident of Autauga County; private Virginia State Troops; en rolled on May 19, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80.00. — Revolution ary Pension Roll, in Part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DAVIS, M. L., member constitutional conven tion, 1875, from Sanford, now Lamar County. DAVIS, MARGARET ELIZABETH (O'BRIEN), author, was born November 19, 1870, at Montgomery and died April 1, 1898, at Birmingham; daughter of Frank Patrick and Indiana (McBryde) O'Brien (q. v.). She was educated in the public schools of Montgomery and Birmingham and graduated with first hon ors at Loretto academy, Ky. She was a devout Catholic. Author: "Judith, The Daughter of Judas"; wrote many poems and short stories; edited a feature department and was associate editor of the Birmingham "Age Herald." Mar ried: July 15, 1897, in Birmingham, to Dr. J. D. S. Davis (q. v.). Last residence: Birmingham. DAVIS, MARY EVELYN (MOORE), author, was born March 12, 1845, at Talladega, and died at New Orleans, January 1, 1909; daugh ter of Dr. John and Marion Lucy (Crutchfield) Moore, the former a resident of Massachusetts who removed to Alabama to take up the prac tice of medicine and who before the War of Secession took up his residence in Texas. Mrs. Davis received her education under the direc tion of private tutors and at the early age of eighteen published her first volume. Author: besides many short stories and poems, she wrote the following: "Minding the gap and other poems," 1870; "In War times at LaRose Blanche plantation"; "Under the man-fig"; "An elephant's track, and other stories," 1897; "Under six flags," 1898; "The wire cutters," 1899; "The queen's garden," 1900; "Jacon- netta," 1901; "The little chevalier,". 1905; "The price of silence," 1907; "The bunch of roses"; "The Moons of Balbanca," 1908. Married: Oc tober 20, 1874, at Houston, Tex., to Thomas Edward Davis, who served in the C. S. Army as major of the 21st Virginia cavalry, was founder and editor of "The Telegram," Hous ton, Tex., until 1879, when he removed to New Orleans to become associated with "The Pica yune," being editor of that paper at the time of his death, February 20, 1917. Last resi dence: New Orleans. DAVIS, NATHANIEL, farmer, was bom In 1796 in North Carolina, and died November, 1862, at Shoal Ford, Limestone County; son of George Washington Davis, also a native of North Carolina, who settled in north Alabama during the pioneer period, living for a while in Madison, and later in Limestone County, and was a farmer. The family was of Welsh origin. He represented Limestone County in house of representatives, 1840, 1841, 1842, 1843, 1844, 1848 and 1851; was in the State senate, 1847; was messenger from Alabama to carry the electoral vote to Washington in 1852; and was selected by Wm. R. King to place his name before the joint session of the Alabama legislature as candidate for the United States senate in 1847. He was a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: January, 1818, to Rhoda Niblick, daughter of James Craig, who lived at Moulton, Lawrence County, a farmer, who out of conscience freed his slaves. Chil dren: 1. George W., d. in childhood; 2. John, d. unmarried; 3. James, d. unmarried; 4. Nicholas, m. Nannie Worthington, was a Confederate soldier, Cumberland Presbyterian minister and chaplain in the Fourth Texas regiment; 5. Elizabeth Thomas, m. W. H. Bagby, of Cal houn County; 6. Louisa, m. (1) William Bul lard; (2) Charles Hunter; 7. Seraphina Car son, m. William R. Johnson, of Madison County; 8. Semeranus, d. young; 9. Amanda Ophelia, m. William Vaughn, father of Wm. J. Vaughn (q. v.), of Birmingham; 10. Chlorinda Lindly, m. James M. Cunningham, of Cherokee County; 11. Franklin Pope, d. young; 12. Sophia Virginia, m. William Stuart Patterson, of Madison County. Last residence: Shoal Ford. DAVIS, NEWTON N. major, lieutenant- colonel, colonel, 24th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army. DAVIS, NICHOLAS, planter, was born Sep tember 19, 1781, in Hanover County, Va., and died September 29, 1859, on his plantation in Limestone County; son of John Dabney and Ann (Tinsley) Davis, the -former sergeant in the Virginia line during the American Revolu tion; grandson of Thomas and Martha (Rag land) Tinsley, and of Wm. and Elizabeth (Shel- ton) Davis, natives of Middlesex County, Va.; great-grandson of John and Ann (Beaufort) Ragland, of Rippon Hall, the latter a descend ant of John of Gaunt, fourth son of Edward, King of England; and of John and Rose (Usher) Shelton, the former mayor of Dublin, Ireland, early in 1700, and of Sir John and Katy (Ragland) Davis, of Glamorganshire, Wales, who married about 1696, and emigrated to Vir ginia, where he later owned lands in Henrico and Hanover Counties. Mr. Davis was a U. S. marshal in Virginia, moved to Kentucky in 1808, and thence to Alabama prior to 1817. He was a member of the first constitutional convention of Alabama, 1819, and a representative in the first State legislature, 1819. He was elected to the State senate 1820-28, inclusive, and was president of that body for five sessions. He was a Whig in politics and made the race for congress on that ticket in 1829, but was de feated by C. C. Clay by the narrow margin of eighty votes. In 1831 he was a candidate for governor, and received a complimentary vote. In 1847 he was again a candidate, and was de feated by Gov. Reuben Chapman. In 1840 he was a candidate for election on the Harrison ticket, and in 1844 he offered on the Clay ticket. DR. ELISHA M. ROBINSON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 467 Of him Brewer says: "He was fluent and elo quent as an orator, with a large fund of prac tical knowledge. He was exceedingly candid and hospitable and swayed opinions of men as much by his large-heartedness as by his strong magnetism. He was a patron of the turf, and carried out in his Alabama home all the other attributes of a Virginia gentleman of the approved school." He was a captain in the War of 1812. Married: April 10, 1806, in Hanover County, Va., to Martha, daughter of Jesse and Mary (Pleasants) Hargrave; grand daughter of John and Agnes (Woodson) Pleasants, who was great-great-grandson of John Pleasants, a native of Norwich, England, burgess for Henrico County, 1692, and a mem ber of the Society of Friends, or Quakers. Children : 1. Edwin Rodney, m. Malvina Walker, who on his death m. a Fletcher; 2. Anne Brad ley, m. Wm. Richardson, lawyer, father of William Richardson, representative in Con gress (q. v.); '3. Martha Nicholas, m. George W. Lane (q. v.) ; 4. Phillip Dormer, d. in in fancy; 5. Zebulon Pike (q. v.), m. Williametta Eason; 6. Lawrence Ripley (q. v.), m. (1) Mary Abercrombie; (2) Sarah McClellan; 7. Eliza James Lockhart, m. Dr. Stith Malone 8. Mary Pleasants, d. in childhood; 9. Hector, d. at birth; 10. Nicholas, jr. (q. v.), m. Sophia Lowe, Huntsville; 11. DeWitt Clin ton, m. Susan Lowe; 12. Virginia Dudley, m. (1) N. J. Harris; (2) Judge Jesse J. Philips, of Illinois. Last residence: Limestone County. I DAVIS, NICHOLAS, jr., lawyer, was born January 14, 1825, in Athens, and died Novem ber 3, 1874, in Huntsville; son of Nicholas and Martha (Hargrave) Davis (q. v.). He was educated in his native State and completed his legal studies at the University of Virginia. He served as a lieutenant in a company com manded by Capt. Higgins, in Col. Jere Clemens' 13th infantry regiment during the Mexican War, serving part of the time as a staff of ficer. The war over he completed his studies, was admitted to the bar, and located in Athens. He entered upon the practice of law and in 1851 was elected to the house ofc representatives from Limestone County. He located at Hunts ville in 1853; was elected solicitor in 1855, an office which he held for five years. In 1852 he canvassed the State as a Scott elector; and in 1860 was on the Douglas electoral ticket. He stumped Northern Alabama in opposition to the secession movement, and was elected to the secession convention of 1861 as a Union delegate. He maintained that the delegates had no authority to take the State out of the union without a vote of the people, but when the State withdrew, he threw his fortunes with his State. He was elected to the provisional congress of the Con federacy to succeed Dr. Thomas Fearn who had resigned. Soon he was made lieutenant- colonel of the 19th Alabama infantry regiment, but declined the commission. He later com manded a battalion for a short time. He re fused to take the Federal oath of allegiance, and his property suffered along with that of his neighbors. Immediately after the war he resumed the practice of his profession, special izing in criminal law. Married: in Huntsville, to Sophia, daughter of Gen. Bartley M. Lowe, a native of South Carolina, captain in the Revolutionary War, removed to Florida, where he accepted service under the Spanish Gov ernment, for which he secured a large grant of land, later located in Huntsville where he be came a most successful merchant, first presi dent of the Huntsville bank, fought in the In dian War of 1836, and in 1838 settled in New Orleans, La., where he became a cotton factor. Children: 1. Lowe, m. Lucy Meriwether; 2. Sophia Lowe, m. Ben Lee Young, of Hunts ville; 3. William; 4. Nicholas C, a student in the University of Alabama, 1883-85, and a private in the Spanish-American War, 1898. Last residence: Huntsville. DAVIS, NOAH KNOWLES, teacher and col lege president, was born May 15, 1830, in Phila delphia, Pa., and died May 3, 1910, at Lexing ton, Va.; son of Rev. Noah and Mary (Young) Davis, the former a Baptist minister, of Salis bury, Md., and who helped establish the American Baptist tract society; grandson of Daniel Davis, of Welsh descent, and of George and Mary (Ellison) Young: great-grandson of Robert and Elizabeth Ellison, the former a Jersey farmer and a Quaker. Dr. Davis re ceived the degree of LL. D. from Mercer col lege, Georgia, in 1849, and Ph. D. from the University of Virginia. He began his pro fessional career as a member of the Howard college faculty; was president of Judson fe male institute, Marion, 1857-64; president, Bethel college, Russellville, Ky., 1864-72; and from the latter date until his death was pro fessor of moral philosophy at the University of Virginia. He was a Democrat and a Bap tist. Author: "The theory of thought," 1880; "Elements of psychology," 1892; "Elements of deductive logic," 1893; "Elements of inductive logic," 1895; "Juda's jewels," 1895; "Elements of ethics," 1900; "The story of the Nazarene," 1903. In addition to these he published a large number of magazine articles. Married: November 25, 1857, at Albany, Ga., to Ella Cordelia, daughter of Anderson and Eliza (Griffin) Hunt, the latter a relative of Cyrus Griffin, the last president of the Continental congress, and of Col. Immanuel Griffin and Maj. Thomas Griffin, of the Revolutionary Army. Children: 1. Noah Wilson, m. Caro line Moore Switzer, of Harrisburg, Va.; 2. Marella, m. Walter Egerton Brooks, of Elyria, Ohio; 3. Archibald Hunt, m. Susan Caroline Topliff, of Atlanta, Ga.; 4. Clara Bell. Last residence: Lexington, Va. DAVIS, NORAH, author, was born October 20, 1878, at Huntsville; daughter of Zebulon Pike and Williametta (Eason) Davis (q. v.). Miss Davis was educated by tutors in her father's home and in private schools; and was a teacher in the public schools of Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Tennessee and Arkansas, 1893-1900. She later became a stenographer and newspaper writer and held several govern ment positions, among these being deputy clerk, U. S. district court, Northern district of Alabama, 1901-05. Author: "The Northerner," 468 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 1905; "The World's warrant," 1907; "Wallace Rhodes," 1909. She is a Progressive Republi can. Residence: Huntsville. DAVIS, PRESTON BROOKS, business man, was born February 15, 1857, at Bostick, Flor ence County, S. C; son of Henry and Mary E. (Bostick) Davis, the former a native of Marion County, S. C, who lived near Bostick, S. C, and was an ardent secessionist, too old to take up arms, but a liberal contributor to the cause; grandson of Bunyan and Sarah Bostick, of Marion County, S. C. Mr. Davis' paternal an cestors came from Wales with a colony which settled at Welsh Neck, Cheraw District, S. C. His mother was of English descent. He was educated in the common school of the neigh borhood, and farmed at home until 1877. He engaged in the turpentine industry, entering into that business on his own account in 1882 in Georgia. He moved to Geneva County, Ala., in 1895, and has continued at that place as a manufacturer of naval stores and a dealer in general merchandise. He served as postmaster at Chancellor for a number of years; is a Demo crat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: De cember 22, 1881, in Richland County, S. C, to Florence Achsah, daughter of Hilliard D. and Susan A. Hamiter of Bookmans, S. C, both of German descent, the former was captain of Co. G, Twenty-fourth South Carolina regiment, C. S. Army, and was twice wounded. Children: 1. M. B.; 2. H. H.; 3. L. H.; 4. Phillip. Residence: Chancellor. DAVIS, RICHARD TATUM, merchant, was born August 7, 1833, at Newnan, Coweta County, Ga., and died February 1, 1891, at Fort Davis; son of Madison and Phala (Landrum) Davis, the former a resident of Newnan until 1845, when he removed to Tuskegee, where he died in 1848. He was educated in the common schools of Newnan, and attended John's high school at Tuskegee, 1845-50; was a merchant at Fort Davis, 1865-91; justice of the peace, 1868-91. He volunteered for service in the Confederate Army but after six months was rejected on ac count of ill health. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason Married: November 12, 1860, at Cotton Valley, to Mary Caroline, daughter of Joseph Jackson and Eliza (Kelly) Fort, of Darlington, S. C, and great-grandson of Elias Fort an officer from North Carolina in the American Revolution. The Fort family came to Virginia from England in 1660, and were of Norman origin, the name being orig inally le Fort. The wife of Elias Fort was a Hart, whose relative, Col. Henry Hart, was also a Revolutionary officer. Thomas Hart Benton, U. S. senator from Missouri, and Tom- linson Fort, of Chattanooga, Tenn., are rela tives. Children: 1. Fort Madison, student at the University of Alabama, 1881-83, planter at Fort Davis, m. Ola Johnson; 2. Hubert T. (q. v.); 3. Lidie, educated at the Alabama confer ence female college, Tuskegee, d. unmarried; 4. Ivanhoe, educated at Park high school, Tus kegee, and d. unmarried. Last residence: Fort Davis. DAVIS, SAMUEL, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 78, and a resident of Madison County, private Virginia Militia; enrolled on January 24, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance $26.66; sums received to date of publication of list, $66.65. — Revolu tionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Madison County, June 1, 1840, aged 85. — Cen sus of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. DAVIS, THOMAS, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Madison County; private S. C. State Troops; enrolled on November 15, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832; payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $30; sums received to date of publication of list, $90. — Revolution ary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DAVIS, W. H. member constitutional conven tion, 1861, from Pickens County. DAVIS, WESLEY, deceased Presbyterian minister, mentioned in Nail's "Dead of the Synod of Alabama," 1851. DAVIS, WILLIAM, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 73, and a resident of Greene County; private of Calvary N. C. State Troops; enrolled on March 15, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $100; sums received to date of publication of list, $200. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DAVIS, WILLIAM ANTHONY, business man, was born January 13, 1857, at Mont gomery; son of Benjamin Bullock and Mary Elizabeth (Callaway) Davis (q. v.); grandson of Anthony Davis who eame to Philadelphia, Pa., from Rochdale, England, and of Rev. William A. Callaway, of LaGrange, Ga. He obtained his early schooling from Miss Jane E. Smith and Ggorge W. Thomas of Montgom ery, and spent one year at Howard college, Marion. He located at Montgomery as a hard ware merchant, 1874; moved to Eufaula in 1877, and continued in that business until 1885; spent two years in the real estate business in Montgomery; and has been in that business in Anniston since 1887, for the greater part of the time as general manager of the Anniston City land company and of the Alabama Min eral land company. He served as alderman of Anniston, 1892-1895. He was a deacon in the Baptist church from 1888 to 1904 inclusive, and is recording secretary of the Alabama Baptist State convention. He is a member of Woodmen of the World and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Married: February 21, 1884, in Eufaula, Laura, daughter of Joseph Asburn and Julia Frances (Woods) Sylvester, of Eufaula; granddaughter of Clay ton Rogers Woods, of Eufaula. Children: 1. Clifford Sylvester; 2. William Anthony, jr.; 3. Julia; 4. Henry Edmonds; 5. Jennie. Resi dence: Anniston. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 469 DAVIS, WILLIAM COLUMBUS, lawyer, was born August 5, 1867; in Iuka, Miss.; son of Samuel McGee and Emily J. (Lacy) Davis, the former a native of Lawrenceville, Gwin nett County, Ga., removed in early life to St. Clair County; and at seventeen years of age joined the Confederate Army, serving through out the struggle; grandson of Jesse Davis, and of Judge Abner W. Lacy, both of St. Clair County. Mr. Davis was educated in the Mississippi common schools; and at the age of eighteen had attained such efficiency that he began teaching. He later studied law with Col. Harvey Murphy, of Aberdeen, and began the practice of his profession at Fulton, in that state. Soon afterward he removed to Marion County, locating at Hamilton; served as solicitor of that county; in 1892 was elected a member of the State Democratic executive committee, and re-elected in 1894. In 1894 he was elected to the house of representatives from Marion County, and served three terms in succession, 1894-95, 1896-97, and 1898-99. While in the legislature he secured the passage of a bill, establishing five additional agricultural schools and experiments stations, located in the first, fourth, fifth, sixth and ninth con gressional districts. He removed in 1899 to Jasper, where he has since resided, engaged in the practice of law. In 1915 he was again elected to the house of representatives, and was chairman of the judiciary committee. In 1904 he served as presidential elector for the sixth congressional district. He is a Demo crat; a Baptist; and a Mason. Married: July 24, 1895, to Maude Elizabeth, daughter of Alanson J. and Elizabeth J. (Nethery) Gray, of Choctaw County. Mrs. Davis is a sister of Hon. Oscar L. Gray (q. v.). Residence: Jasper. DAVIS, WILLIAM ELIAS BROWNLEE, physician, was born November 25, 1863, at Trussville, Jefferson County, and died Feb ruary 24, 1902, at Birmingham; son of Dr. Elias and Georgianna (Latham) Davis, and a brother of Dr. John D. S. Davis (q. v.). Dr. Davis received his early education in the com mon schools at Trussville where he was pre* pared for the 'junior class at the University of Alabama. Ill health and lack of funds caused his withdrawal before the completion of his course. Upon his recovery he began to read law in a private office but was persuaded by his brother, Dr. J. D. S. Davis, to take up the study of medicine. He entered the medical department of Vanderbilt university in 1882, and the following year attended a course of lectures at the Kentucky school of medicine, Louisville. In 1884 he entered Bellevue hos pital medical college, New York City, and was graduated the following spring. He was at once taken into a full partnership with his brother, above named. In 1887 he attended surgical clinics in London, Berlin and Vienna. He was professor of gynecology and abdominal surgery, Birmingham medical college; surgeon to St. Vincent's hospital; surgeon and gyne cologist to Hillman hospital; president Jeffer son Couny medical society; president Tri-State medical society, including Alabama, Tennessee, and Georgia; ; fellow of the American associa tion of obstetrics and gynecologists, vice pres ident in 1895, and president in 1901; chairman of the section of obstetrics and diseases of women and vice-president of the American medical association; honorary member of the medical society of New York, and of the Louis iana State medical association, and honorary president of the section on abdominal surgery of the Pan-American medical congress in 1893, and vice-president of the same congress in 1896; fellow of the British gynecological so ciety; secretary of the Southern surgical and gynecological association, 1887-1900; president Southern surgical and gynecological association in 1901. He was a Baptist, and a Knight of Pythias. He was the author of numerous ar ticles on professional subjects; was one of the founders of the Alabama medical and surgical journal, and one of its editors; and at one time an editor of the Young men's christian association journal, Birmingham. Married: in Birmingham, to Gertrude, daughter of Robert Wilson and Mary (Gardner) Mustin, of Birm ingham, but originally from Pickens County. Children: 1. Margaret Anna; 2. Elizabeth. Last residence: Birmingham. DAVIS, WILLIAM HENRY, deceased Pres byterian minister, mentioned in Burgett's "Dead of the Synod of Alabama," 1890-1900. DAVIS, WILLIAM LEVI, teacher, was born, March 4, 1866, at Greenville, S. ,C, son of Thompson and Par ilia (Karnes) Davis, the former also a native of Greenville, S. C; grand son of Tom and Mary (Boggs) Davis, and of John and Mary (Dotson) Karnes, all of whom lived at Greenville. He received his elementary education in the schools of Limestone County, and was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1908. In July, 1888, he opened a three months summer school with a third grade certificate under the old law. He taught at Pettey and Elkmont, Limestone County, and was county superintendent of education, 1900- 1905; was quarantine officer for the city of Tuscaloosa, 1905; taught mathematics and French in the Alabama Normal college, 1908- 1912; and became principal of the Lauderdale high school in 1912. He is a Democrat, a Methodist and a Knight of Pythias. Married: January 5, 1893, at Center Hill, to Bessie Frances, daughter of James McClung and Almeda (Browning) Grooms, who lived at that place, the latter whose ancestors were the Brownings of Giles and Lincoln Counties, Tenn.; granddaughter of Isaac Newton Grooms, who came from South Carolina. Children: 1. Oreon Inez; 2. Odessa Irene; 3. W. Gladys, de ceased. Residence: Rogersville. DAVIS, WILLIAM WATSON, teacher, was born February 12, 1884, in Pensacola, Escam bia County, Fla.; son of Matthew Livingston and Annie Laurie (Lane) Davis, the former a native of Summerville; grandson of John Eayres and Sarah (Cropp) Davis, the former a native of Summerville who removed to Geor gia when a very young man and died while at home on a furlough during the War of Se- 470 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY cession, in which service he was a major of infantry, C. S. Army. His wife was a native of South Carolina and a descendant of a French Huguenot family. The maternal grand parents were Edward and Sarah (Davis) Lane of New York City. The great-grandfather, Matthew Livingston Davis, of New York, was an editor and politician, having assisted in the organization of the Democratic party, the friend and partisan of Aaron Burr, whose bi ography he wrote and whose papers he pub lished after his death. The great-great-grand father, Matthew Davis, immigrated from Wales in the early 18th century and settled in New York town where he was engaged in business at the outbreak of the Revolutionary War. He allied himself with the Whig cause, became a major in the Continental Army under Wash ington and was killed in the battle at Mon mouth. The Lanes were planted in Virginia and the Formans with whom there was inter marriage were from North Carolina. They were of Scotch and English descent, arriving in America in the 18th century. Professor Da vis received his preliminary education at his mother's knee, from a governess and in a pri vate school at Oak Grove. Following this in struction came sessions at Seely's academy, San Antonio, Texas, and the country schools at Mauville, near Oak Grove. At the age of twelve he entered the University military school, Mobile, where he was prepared for col lege. He attended the Alabama polytechnic institute, Auburn, 1900-03, and graduated the latter year with the degree of B. S. He took a post-graduate course at the same institution the following year and received the degree of M. Sc. In 1904-05 he was librarian and in structor in history and Latin at the Alabama polytechnic institute and in 1906 graduated from Columbia university with the degree of A. M.; university fellow, American history, Columbia university, 1907-08; honorary fellow from Columbia university to the University of Paris, 1909-10; did work in modern history in the Sorbonne, University of Paris, in seminars of Aulard, Bloch, Bourseois, Seignobos and holds a certificate from Sorbonne. He was granted the degree of Ph. D. by Columbia uni versity in 1913 and holds the position of as sistant professor of American history in the University of Kansas, to which he was elected in 1910. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; Knight of Pythias, and member of the Kappa Alpha college fraternity. Author: "A Criti cism of helpers," "Impending crisis"; "Mili tary rule in Texas and Louisiana, 1866-68"; "The Civil War and reconstruction in Florida." He has also contributed to the Alabama his torical association publication, Review of Re views and Cosmopolitan magazine. Unmar ried. Residence, Lawrence, Kans. DAVIS, ZEB P., captain, prominent citizen of Madison County; son of Nicholas Davis, sr.; brother of Lawrence Ripley and Clint Davis (q. v.). Deceased. Last residence: Huntsville. DAWSON, ARMISTEAD B., grand high priest, grand chapter of Alabama, Masons, 1840. DAWSON, LEMUEL ORAH, Baptist minis ter, was born April 24, 1865, near Waverly, Chambers County; son of Andrew Jackson and Marie Antoinette (Bailey) Dawson, the for mer a native of Waverly, at that time in Chambers, now Lee County, a Confederate sol dier under Stonewall Jackson and a prominent Mason; grandson of Gen. Lemuel Gulliver and Mary (Glanton) Dawson; and of Allen Lane and Mary (Thweatt) Bailey, all of Cham bers County. Mr. Dawson was educated in the common schools of his native county and at tended Howard college, then at Marion, from which he graduated in 1886 with the degree of B. A., holding the responsible offices of quarter master and post adjutant of the college, with rank of senior captain, the highest office in the college. He graduated at the Southern Bap tist theological seminary, Louisville, Ky., 1889, under John A. Broadus, and in 1890 finished the post-graduate course at the same institu tion. During 1890 he traveled in Europe and studied in Germany and in 1898 took a post graduate course at Columbian university, Washington, D. C. He entered the Baptist- ministry at eighteen years of age and was pas tor of several small country churches while a student. For two years after leaving school he remained with one of these charges, the Mt. Vernon Church, in Woodford County, Ky. He began his pastorate in Tuscaloosa the first Sabbath in December, 1892, and for nearly thirty years has given continuous service to that church. During that time he has refused calls to the leading pulpits of nearly every southern state in the Baptist convention and to one in the north at salaries many times above what he receives, but a realization of his opportunity for service has kept him at his post of duty. He has also declined the presidency of several colleges, the secretary ship of mission boards and the editorship of church periodicals. He is a member of the board of trustees of Howard college, and for nineteen years was a trustee of the Alabama central female college, but resigned because of lack of time to perform the duties of the office. He is a trustee of the Southern Baptist theological seminary; member Alabama Bap tist State board of missions; member Alabama Baptist educational commission; one of the founders and for ten years president of the Baptist young people's union, an auxiliary to the Baptist convention; member Tuscaloosa board of trade; chaplain during 1913 of the Warrior Guards, of the Second regiment, Ala bama national guards. He is a Democrat. Au thor: a frequent contributor to the religious and secular press; has been associate editor of the "Alabama Baptist"; founded and edited the "Franklin Advocate," at Howard college; one of the founders and editor-in-chief of Sem inary magazine, now the Baptist review and expositor, Louisville, Ky.; many tracts and pamphlets. Married: October 30, 1890, at Mar ion, to Margaret Samuel, daughter of Dr. Sam uel Logan and Margaret Caroline (Reese) Lewis, of that place; granddaughter of Charles Reese; great-granddaughter of Henry Dobson Reese; great-great-grandaughter of Dr. Thorn- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 471 as Reese, a graduate of Princeton university and noted Presbyterian preacher; great-great- great-granddaughter of David Reese, one of the signers of the Mecklenburg Declaration of In dependence. Her family traces its line directly back to the kings of North and South Wales, 1171. She is also descended from General An drew Pickens of South Carolina, a Revolution ary hero. Children: 1. Andrew Lewis; 2. Eu gene Reese. Residence: Tuscaloosa. DAWSON, NATHANIEL HENRY RHODES, lawyer and U. S. commissioner of education, was born February 17, 1829, in Charleston, S. C, and died February 1, 1895, in Selma; son of Lawrence Edwin and Mary Wilkinson (Rhodes) Dawson, the former a lawyer of ability who graduated in the law school of Judge Gould of Litchfield, Conn., and was sev eral times a member of the South Carolina legislature, removed to Alabama in' 1842, set tled near Carlowville, Dallas County, and died before reaching the meridian of life; grand son of John and Mary (Huger) Dawson, jr., the former a prominent merchant, intendant of Charleston three successive years, 1806-09, and of Dr. Nathaniel H. and Mary (Hamilton) Rhodes of Beaufort, S. C; great-grandson of John and Joanna Broughton (Monck) Daw son, the former a native of Westmoreland, England, who emigrated to South Carolina during the colonial period, settling in Charles ton where he became a wealthy merchant, and a member of the South Carolina conven tion of 1788, which adopted the Federal con stitution, and of John and Charlotte (Motte) Huger, French Huguenots who settled in South Carolina in 1786, the former a member of the council of safety during the Revolution, in tendant of Charleston in 1792, a member of the State convention which adopted the Fed eral constitution, and descendants of Daniel Huger, French Huguenot, and Jacob Motte, also a French Huguenot and treasurer of the province for near thirty years prior to the Revolutionary War; great-great-grandson of Col. Monck, and of John and Mary (Talbird) Rhodes, the former came to South Carolina from England in 1760 and took an active part in the Revolutionary War, and of Paul and Mary (Wilkinson) Hamilton, the former a Revolutionary soldier, member of the state convention which adopted the Federal con stitution, comptroller general of the state from 1800-04, governor of South Carolina, 1804-08, and secretary of the U. S. Navy dur ing the first term of President Madison's ad ministration ; great-great-great-grandson of Col. Thomas and Anna (Johnson) Broughton, the former colonial governor of South Caro lina from May, 1735, to his death in 1738; great-great-great-great-grandson of Gen. Nath aniel Johnson, a distinguished soldier and member of the British house of commons, governor of the Leeward Islands in 1689, colonial governor of South Carolina from 1703- 09, and whose son, Robert, was the last gover nor of the colony under the proprietary gov ernment. Colonel Dawson was educated at St. Joseph college, Mobile, and read law under his father and Hon. Geo. R. Evans of Cahaba, at which place he was admitted to the bar in 1851. In 1855 he was a candidate for the Alabama legislature on the "know-nothing" ticket, and although representing a minority party came very close to election. In 1860 he was a delegate to the Charleston and Balti more conventions and under instruction from the state convention, withdrew from the for mer with the Alabama delegation. He entered the Confederate Army as captain of the Selma cadets, which organization later became a part of the Fourth Alabama infantry regiment. Dur ing the last two years of the war he com manded a battalion of cavalry. He was elected to the Alabama legislature during this time and sat with the sessions of 1863-64, but re turned to his command after adjournment. He had removed to Selma in 1858 and after the close of hostilities returned to that place where he resumed the practice of the law. He was made chairman of the county congressional committee of the Democratic party during this period. In 1872 he was made presidential elec tor; member State Democratic executive com mittee, 1876-86; and was chairman during the last two years of that time. He was a can didate for governor in 1882 and when his friends demanded that he allow his name to go before the state convention for gubernatorial nomination he resigned his position as chair man of the executive committee, and went be fore the convention leading in the number of supporters for the coveted honor above his distinguished competitor. Owing to the fickle ness of political fortunes he finally lost the nomination to Hon. E. A. O'Neal, who was later elected governor. He led the canvass in 1884 for Grover Cleveland; was trustee of the Uni versity of Alabama, 1876; member Alabama legislature, 1880-81, at which time he was elected speaker of the house of representatives. In 1884 he was president of the State bar association and in 1886 was appointed by Presi dent Cleveland, as U. S. commissioner of edu cation, a position bestowed without solicita tion on his part, and filled with complete satis faction to the teachers of the country, as well as all friends of public education which at the time was passing through a trying period. On account of the ability shown in this connec tion he was given the degree of doctor of let ters by Columbia college. Upon the election of President Harrison he entered his resigna tion and a few months later returned to Sel ma where for many years he had practiced law in partnership with Gen. E. W. Pettus. Married: (1) in 1852, to Annie E., daughter of Joel Early Mathews, a leading business man; (2) in June, 1857, to Mary E., daugh ter of Benjamin J. Tarver, of Dallas County; (3) in May, 1862, to Elodie Breck, daughter of Robert S. and Elizabeth S. (Humphreys) Todd, of Lexington, Ky., and half sister to Mrs. Abraham Lincoln; granddaughter of Rev. John and Margaret (Preston) Brown of Staun ton, Va. To the efforts of Mrs. Dawson was largely due the erection of the Confederate monument in Live Oak cemetery, Selma, and near this memorial to the heroes of the lost cause her own grave was placed when she passed from life in 1877. She was president 472 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY of the Ladies memorial association, of Selma. Children by the first wife: 1. Elizabeth Mathews, m. Dr. John F. Furniss, Selma; by the second wife, 2. Mary Tarver, m. Jefferson D. Jordan, Chattanooga, Tenn. ; by the third wife, 3. Henry Rhodes, A. B. and A. M. of the Ala bama university, 1892; 4. Laurence Percy, chief of police, Selma, 1896-99. Last residence: Selma. DAWSON, REGINALD HEBER, lawyer and president convict board, was born March 19, 1838, at Spring Grove plantation, St. John Berkley County, S. C, and died July 11, 1906, at Flat Top Mines; son of Lawrence Edwin and Mary Wilkinson (Rhodes) Dawson, and younger brother of Hon. N. H. R. Dawson (q. v.). He attended the University of Alabama, 1854-57, leaving in his junior year. In 1883, his alma mater conferred upon him the de gree of M. A. He graduated in law at Lebanon, Tenn., and was admitted to the bar in 1860, beginning the practice at Camden, where he was associated for many years in partnership with Col. E. N. Jones and Hon. S. G. Cochran. When twenty-one years of age he was elected circuit solicitor. At the outbreak of the War of Secession he entered the C. S. Army as cap tain and rose to major, and later was made lieutenant colonel 13th Alabama infantry regi ment, of which he acted as colonel and assist ant adjutant general. In 1864 he retired from active duty on account of injuries received in the conflict, being given special mention in general orders for gallantry in the battle of Seven Pines and receiving other marks of dis tinction. In 1883 he was appointed president of the board of inspectors of State convicts and served in that capacity until 1897. His humane conduct of the affairs of this state de partment elicited admiration of the country and the unfortunate inmates blessed his name. He was a man of generous impulses and did a great deal of unheralded charity. He was a Democrat; an Episcopalian; and a Mason. Au thor: "History of the convict department of Alabama"; also contributing to the current press. Married: March 9, 1858, at Cahaba, to Georgia Anne, daughter of Thomas L. and Eliza Alabama (Rutherford) Craig, of that place. Children: 1. Laurence Edwin, m. Mary B. Boykin; 2. Thomas Craig, m. Evelyn Camp; 3. Anne Mathews, Selma. Last residence: Selma. DAWSON, WALTER RALEIGH, farmer, was born December 4, 1832, in Upson County, Ga.; son of Gen. Lemuel Gulliver and Mary (Glanton) Dawson, natives of Edgefield Dis trict, S. C.; grandson of John Dawson, farmer and soldier in the Revolution, who lived and died in South Carolina, and of John Glanton, who also spent his life in that state. His father was educated in the common schools of South Carolina, moved to Alabama in 1834, settling in Chambers County; became a gen eral in the state militia and in the war of 1836; 'died in Chambers County in 1848. Mr. Daw son was a brother of W. P. Dawson, a wealthy planter of Elmore County; of O. H. P. Dawson, a planter in Claiborne Parish, La.; of L. H. Dawson, a planter who resides at Waverly; and of George W. Dawson, a merchant at Camp Hill. W. R. Dawson was reared on his father's farm in Chambers County, attended the common schools of the county and later private schools in Montgomery; taught school for three years, then devoted all his attention to his planting interests. He is owner of sev eral plantations in Tallapoosa and Chambers Counties, and of considerable property in Camp Hill; has resided in Tallapoosa County since 1869, and in Camp Hill for the greater part of that time. He served in the legislature as representative from Tallapoosa County, 1878- 1879; and later as treasurer of Camp Hill. He is a Democrat and has frequently represented his county in state, district and county con ventions. He is a Baptist and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: November 21, 1852, Louisa Lewis Griffith, born January 29, 1835, in Jones County, Ga., daughter of Lewis and Elizabeth (English) Griffith, natives re spectively of Philadelphia, Pa., and of Jones County, Ga. Mr. Griffith was a merchant tailor, and died in Jones County, Ga., in 1841. His wife died in Monroe County, Ga., in 1847. Children: 1. Sarah Frances, m. R. T. Parker, resides in Dadeville; 2. Mary Elizabeth, m. Benjamin H. Walker, resides at Camp Hill; 3. Kate Alice, m. Mr. Garrett, both deceased, last residence, Atlanta, Ga.; 4. Martha Portia, m. Henry W. Spinks, resides in Camp Hill; 5. Glennie McCoy, m. Church Corpreny, residea in Dadeville. Last residence: Camp Hill. DAY, WILLIAM, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of Dallas County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on March 8, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual al lowance, $40; sums received to date of publi cation of list, $120. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DEAL, HENRY R., of Dale County, member of the constitutional convention of 1867, from the fifth election district. DEAL, RANSOM, of Dale County, member of the constitutional convention of 1865, from the fifth election district. DEAN, RICHARD, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Madison County; private S. C. Continental Line; en rolled on January 24, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He re sided in Madison County, June 1, 1840, aged 81. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. DEANE, JOHN, SR., soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Clarke County; sergeant of Artillery; Virginia Conti nental Line and State Troops; enrolled on Feb ruary 6, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; COLONEL WILLIS BREWER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 475 annual allowance, $120; sums received to date of publication of list, $360. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in Part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DEANS, GILBERT BURNET, farmer and legislator, was born May 14, 1852, at Midlothian, Gloucester County, Va.; son of Josiah and Mary (Yeatman) Deans, of Rosewell, Gloucester County, Va. He was educated in the private schools of Virginia and by tutors in his father's home, collegiate education being interrupted by the period following the War of Secession. From 1870 to 1880 he was employed by a rail road. During the latter year he engaged in farming which he still follows. He was a member of the legislature from Shelby County, 1894-95, and 1900-01, and of the State senate, 1896-97, and 1898-99. He is a Republican; and an Episcopalian. Married: March 25, 1880, in Shelby County, to Mary L. Lapsley. Residence: Calera. DEAR, CHARLES, lawyer and member of the Alabama legislature, was born about 1820 and died in Wilcox County. He was trained to the law and at an early age began the practice. He was elected in 1842, representative in the Alabama legislature, and returned in 1843 and was made chairman of the proposition and grievance committee. He retired from public life to practice law and engage in extensive planting operations. He was a Whig. Last residence: Wilcox County. DEARING, JAMES H., pioneer business man of Tuscaloosa. DEARMAN, THOMAS M., soldier of the American Revolution, aged 94, resided in Sum ter County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pension ers, 1841, p. 149. DEAS, ZACHARIAH CANTEY, business man, brigadier-general, C. S. Army, was born Oc tober 25, 1819, at Camden, S. C, and died March 6, 1882, in New York City; son of Col. James Sutherland and Margaret (Chestnut) Deas, the former moved to Mobile, in 1835, represented his district in the State senate in 1857, and who previous to his removal from Charleston, while a colonel of militia, had been on the reception committee at the time of the visit of General Lafayette, the latter a native of Camden, Kershaw County, S. C; grandson of Colonel Chestnut and his wife, a Miss Cox, of Philadelphia, who lived at Camden, S. C. His mother was the aunt of James Chestnut, senator from South Carolina. During the American Revolution, after the battle of Cam den, Lord Rawdon made his headquarters at the home of Colonel Chestnut. Col. George Deas, the cousin of General Deas, served with dis tinction in the Mexican war. General Deas was educated in Columbia, S. C, and at Caudebec in Calvados, near Rouen on the Seine, France. He moved in 1835 to Mobile, served in the Mexican war, entered the mercantile business as a cotton broker, and entered the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the war in 1861. He served on Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's staff at the battle of Vol. Ill— 31 Manassas. On October 25, 1861, he was com missioned colonel and with the assistance of Robert Beverly Armstead recruited the 22nd Alabama infantry regiment, fitting out the reg iment with Enfield rifles, from his own private means, being later reimbursed by the govern ment in Confederate bonds. His regiment formed a part of General Gladden's brigade composed of the 1st Louisiana, the 21st, 22nd, 25th, and 26th-50th, Alabama regiments of in fantry and Capt. F. H. Robertson's battery of artillery. He commanded the brigade on the first day at Shiloh, April 6, after General Glad den had fallen mortally wounded, and Colonel Adams on whom the command devolved, had fallen severely wounded. During the rest of the engagement he was in command of the brigade, and was severely wounded. He re joined his regiment, participated in Bragg's Kentucky campaign, and was present at Mun- fordville and at Salt River. The 22nd Alabama, was now in Gardner's brigade composed of the 19th, 22nd, 25th, 26th-50th, 39th, Yancey's sharpshooters and Robertson's battery, and on December 13, 1862, when he was appointed brigadier-general, he was ordered to report to Lieutenant-General Polk for assignment, and superseded General Gardner as brigade com mander on December 31, 1862, leading the brigade in the second day's fight at Murfrees boro. General Deas' brigade on April 1, 1863, had been reenforced by the assignment of the Alabama sharpshooters under Capt. James F. Nabors. It participated at the battle of Chick amauga, at Missionary Ridge and through the campaign from Dalton to Atlanta and Jonesboro, engaging in some severe skirmishes at Re saca, October 15, 1864; participated in the battle of Nashville, December 16, 1864, General Deas taking command of General Johnston's division on his capture on December 16th The brigade served in the campaign of the Caro- Unas, but General Deas became ill at Raleigh in 1865, and the command of it devolved on Col. H. T. Toulmin. After the surrender he removed to New York City, establishing him self m the cotton business, he became a member of the stock exchange, continuing his member ship until his death. He was a Democrat and an Episcopalian. Married: May 16, 1853 at Demopolis, to Helen Gaines, daughter' of Francis Strother and Sarah Serena (Glover) Lyon (q v.). No children. Last residence: New York City. DE BARDELEBEN, A. W., major and lieu tenant colonel, 56th Alabama partisan rangers C. S. Army. DE COTTES, NINA (BROWNE), news paper writer, was born February 23, 1858 at Montevallo, Shelby County; daughter of William Phineas and Margaret Elizabeth War wick (Stevens) Browne (q. v.). Mrs. de Cottes was educated at the Ursuline Convent Tusca loosa, and finished at Saybrook Hall, in Mon treal, Canada. She edited the woman's de partment of the "Montgomery Advertiser" from 1890 to 1908, and was the first woman on the staff of the paper. She is the author of a Social directory of Montgomery, Ala., 1900- 476 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 1901," published in 1900, one of the first issues of its kind in the State. She began the pub lication of the Social world in 1908, which she conducted for a number of years. She is an Episcopalian. Married: February 8, 1877, in Bolivar, Tenn., to John MacMurphy de Cottes, son of Augustus and Susannah (Mac- Murphy) de Cottes, of Augusta, Ga. Mr. de Cottes is a Mason, and a lineal descendant of the Marquis Robert de Cotte, the famous archi tect, a nobleman of France of the Regency Period, who designed the ball room in the old Hotel de Toulouse, now the bank of France, an exact reproduction of which is the ball room of the fifth avenue home of Cornelius Vander bilt in New York. Residence: Montgomery. DEDMAN, JAMES EDWIN, physician, was born January 10, 1870, in Selma; son of Col. James M. and Mary Ann (Scarff) Dedman; grandson of William and Jane Dedman, na tives of Virginia, who lived in Mecklenburg County, in that state, until they moved to Wllliamsport, Tenn., and of W. D. C. and Mary (Coats) Scarff, the former of whom was a soldier in the War of 1812; great-grandson of John Coats, who resided at Greensboro, was a member of the first legislature of Alabama, and later became State senator for his district. Dr. Dedman's father lived at Selma, served throughout the War of Secession in the Twenti eth Alabama infantry regiment, was promoted to colonel, especially commended for bravery at the battle of Chickamauga by President Jeffer son Davis, was advanced to a brigadier general ship just before Lee's surrender, was elected sheriff of Dallas County and mayor of Selma, and died February 6, 1888, at Shelby Springs, where he had gone in search of health. Dr. Ded man attended school at the Dallas Academy, Selma; was graduated with honors from Selma high school; entered the University of Alabama and was graduated from that institution three years later with the highest honors of his class, B. S.; enrolled in the medical course at the University of Tennessee, Nashville, dur ing which time he served a year as interne at the Nashville City hospital; won first prize for his essay on "Prescription Writing," during his first year at the university; was gradu ated, M. D., taking the Paul F. Eve faculty medal for the highest average in all branches in a class of one hundred and ten students; was graduated from the College of physicians and surgeons, New York City, M. D.; opened practice at Nashville, Tenn., at the same time lecturing on normal histology in the medical department and on anatomy in the dental de partment of the University of Tennessee; prac ticed two years and a half at Indianapolis; located in Birmingham, 1898, where he became chief surgeon to St. Vincent's hospital; and served as a major surgeon in the European War. He is a Baptist; served as state deputy grand president for the Fraternal Order of Eagles; past commander of the Knights of the Maccabees; and past chancellor of Birmingham Lodge of United Moderns; and is a member of Phi Delta Theta, college fraternity. Married: Madge, daughter of George and Lorette Whit ney, of Mt. Sterling, Ky. Children: 1. Madge Lorette. Residence: Birmingham. DEESE, FRANK O., business man and legis lator, was born in 1878 in Dale County; was educated in the common and high schools of the county; engaged in farming and teaching until 1902, when he entered the insurance busi ness. He represented his county in the legisla ture of 1919. He is married, and has one child. Residence: Ozark. DEFOREST, HENRY SWIFT, educator, was born March 17, 1833, in South Edmondston, N. Y., and died in 1896; son of Lee and Cynthia (Swift) DeForest, the former a native of New York, the latter of Connecticut; grandson of Gideon and Hannah (Byrdseye) DeForest, the former a native of Stratford, Conn., a soldier of the Revolution, who moved to Oswego Coun ty, N. Y., and there married. The DeForests were French Huguenots and came to this country in the first half of the seventeenth century. Henry S. DeForest was educated in the schools of Oswego County, N. Y.; pursued the study of theology at Yale university, grad uating in 1857; afterwards studied this sub ject at the University of New York City. He was chaplain of the 11th Connecticut regiment, U. S. Army, War of Secession. After the war he served as minister of churches at Des Moines and Council Bluff, Iowa. In 1879 he became president of the Talladega college, Ala. Married: August 25, 1869, to Anna, daughter of Rev. Dr. A. B. Robbins, of Muscatine, Iowa. Children: 1. Mary; 2. Dr. Lee, the noted elec trical inventor; 3. Charles M. Last residence: Talladega. De GRAFFENRIED, EDWARD, lawyer, asso ciate judge court of appeals, associate justice State supreme court, and member constitution al convention, was born January 31, 1861, near Greensboro, Hale County; son of Emanuel T'Scharner and Sue Howard (Seay) de Graffen- ried, the former of Pleasant Ridge, Greene County, the latter of Greensboro; grandson of Dr. Trazevant and Rebecca (Hill) de Graf- fenried, of South Carolina, and of Major Reu ben and Anne (McGehee) Seay, of Greensboro; nephew of Gov. Thomas Seay of Alabama. Christopher de Graffenried, who was born at Warb, in the Canton of Berne, Switzerland, and who founded New Bern, N. C, in 1710, was the first of the family in America. The Seays were Welsh who early settled in Virginia, later removing to Georgia and Louisiana. Judge de Graffenried was educated in the schools of Pleasant Ridge; graduated, in 1880, with the A. M. degree from the Southern university, Greensboro. He studied law under Gov. Seay, and was admitted to the bar by the Alabama supreme court, in 1882, locating in Greensboro, where he practiced in partnership with Ex- Governor Seay until the latter's death, and since, when not on the bench, has continued the practice of his profession at that place. He was the legal adviser to Governor Emmet O'Neal, and appointed by him, March 9, 1911, as associate judge of the court of appeals. On DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 477 October 10, 1912, he was commissioned an asso ciate justice of the supreme court to succeed Judge R. T. Simpson, deceased. He was a member of the constitutional convention of 1901. In 1888 he was a presidential elector and voted for Cleveland and Thurman. He is a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: June 2, 1886, at Eutaw, to Mary, daughter of Dr. John S. and Alice (Coleman) Meriweather, of that place. Children: 1. Edward, jr. Resi dence: Greensboro. DELBRIDGE, GEORGE WASHINGTON, physician, was born December 16, 1826, in Petersburg, Va., and died May 28, 1899, in Ma con County; son of James Kinniburgh and Minerva (Webb) Delbridge; grandson of Ed ward and Margaret (Turner) Delbridge, who lived in Virginia in Brunswick and Greenville Counties, the former of whom emigrated to America from Barnstable, England, with his brother, Thomas, fought in the Revolutionary War, and settled in Brunswick County, Va., in 1874, and of Warren and Cidia Jane (Wal ton) Webb, who lived in Greenville County, Va., the latter of whom was a descendant of the George Walton family of Revolutionary fame. Dr. Delbridge's father was born De cember 4, 1796, in Brunswick County, Va.; spent his early life in Petersburg and Hicks- ford, Va. ; was a physician, a large slave owner, and lived the life of a country squire; moved with his family to Macon County, Ala., in 1834, and afterwards settled in Bullock County, where he owned extensive lands. Dr. Delbridge ac quired a common education in the village schools which he supplemented in later life with extensive reading and study; entered the Transylvania University, Lexington, Ky., where he was graduated, M. D., 1854; and later was graduated from the University of Pennsyl vania at Philadelphia with the same degree. He began the practice of medicine in Macon County, 1854, and continued to practice in that county for many years. During the War of Secession, he had charge of Camp Watts, be tween Atlanta and Montgomery, and the yard of his residence at Macon, almost always filled with the sick and wounded, was turned into a veritable out-door hospital. He was elected in 1875, a delegate to the state constitutional con vention. In 1884, he became connected with the Southern medical college at Atlanta, Ga., subsequently becoming dean of the college, and retained that position until 1895. He was author of frequent contributions to medical journals; was a Democrat, a member of the Methodist church, and a Mason. Married: February 16, 1860, at Notasulga, Emily Mande- ville, daughter of Joseph and Cynthia (Peaster) Hughey, of Abbeville, S. C, and later of Macon County, where Mr. Hughey died, in 1870; granddaughter of John and Sarah (Hinton) Hughey, the former of whom moved from near Charleston, S. C, to Union County, S. C, where he was a mill owner and merchant. The Hughey family is of Scotch extraction, its earliest known members having moved from Scotland to South Carolina, settling near Charleston. Children: 1. George Washington, jr., deceased; 2. Charles Lomax, m. Ida Young, resides in St. Louis, Mo.; 3. Thomas James, deceased, m. Mary Emily Mates who lives in Athens, Ga.; 4. Robert Cowart, m. Lilla Col lins, resides in Atlanta, Ga.; 5. Hariet Estelle, m.'Fred Remington Greene, resides in Amster dam, N. Y. Last residence: Macon County. DE LEON, THOMAS COOPER, author, was born in Columbia, S. C, May 21, 1839, and died at Mobile, March 19, 1914; son of Dr. Mardici Heinrich and Rebecca (Lopez-y-Nunez) De Leon, and brother of David Camden and Ed win De Leon, the former a physician and sur geon, for sixty years a resident of Columbia, S. C. He was of Spanish descent through both parents, his ancestors coming from Spain to the West Indies, and thence drifting to the colonies, before the Revolution, in which a number of them fought. He was educated at Rugby academy in Washington, D. C, where he had gone to live with his guardian, Edwin De Leon; at Portland, Me.; and at Georgetown college, in the District of Columbia. He was audit clerk in the bureau of topographical en gineers from 1858 to 1861, when he resigned to enter the C. S. Army, in which he served until 1865. He located in Baltimore, where he edited the "Cosmopolite magazine" for a year, 1865-66, and 1866-67 he engaged in news paper and magazine work in New York. In 1868 he removed to Mobile, where he made his home. He was managing editor, as col league of John Forsyth, of the "Mobile Regis ter," 1867, and on the latter's death in 1877, became its editor-in-chief; edited "The gulf citizen," 1878, and later "The gossip," both at Mobile; was manager of the Gossip print ing company, 1885-97; lessee of the Mobile theatre, 1873-85; manager , of the Interstate blue and gray drill encampment, 1885; Na tional drill, Washington, 1887; organized Mo bile Mardi Gras carnival, 1873, and managed it for twenty-five years. He invented and de signed carnivals of Pensacola, 1874, and 1875; Vicksburg, 1876; first Baltimore "Oriole," 1881; Albany, N. Y., Bi-centennial, 1886, and other celebrations; and after 1897, was a magazine writer, novelist, lecturer. He was totally blind after 1903, and was called "The Blind laureate of the lost cause." Author: "South songs" (editor), 1866; translator of "Camors" (Oc tave Feuillet), 1866; translator of "Chalis" (E. Feydeau), 1867; "Cross purposes," 1869; "Hamlet, ye dismal prince," a burlesque pro duced at the Olympia, New York, 1870, the first American play to run one hundred nights, played by G. L. Fox; "Pluck," a comedy drama produced by Lawrence Barrett, 1873; "Jasper," a drama founded on the mystery of Edwin Drood, produced Barrett and Bandmann, 1873- 74; "Bet: or, Through fire and water," pro duced Katie Putnam, 1874; "The Coqsures," 1887; "The soldiers' souvenir," 1887; "The rock or the rye; a travestie," 1887; "Creole and Puritan," a novel, 1889; "Juny," 1890; "So ciety as I have found it," 1890; "Our Creole carnivals," 1890-1899; "Sybilla, a romance of the town," 1891; "A fair blockade breaker," 1891; "The Puritan's daughter," 1892; "Four years in rebel capitals," 1878, 1892; "John Holden, Unionist," 1893 (in collaboration with 478 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Erwin Ledyard) ; "Schooners that bump on the bar," a travestie, 1894; "Out of the sul phur," (a prize novel, Tales from town topics), 1895; "East, West and South," 1896; "A nov elette triology, introducing a bachelor's box, A jealous god, and The Christus sonata," 1897; "An innocent cheat," 1897; "The pride of the Mercers," 1897; "Craig-nest," 1897, 1910; "Life of Joseph Wheeler," 1899; "Confederate memoirs," 1899; "Inauguration of President Watterson," a travestie, 1902; "Tales from the coves," 1903; "The passing of Arle Haine," 1905; "Belles, beaux and brains of the 60's," 1907; "Old Vets' gossip," 1910, and subsequent years; and "Centennial remembrance book of Col. John Forsyth," 1912. Also poems, short stories, etc., as well as syndicate writer. Un married. Last residence: Mobile. DELL, J. B., educator, superintendent of edu cation of Houston County. Residence: Dothan. DELLET, JAMES, lawyer, representative in congress, was born in 1788, in Philadelphia, Pa., and died December 21, 1848, at Claiborne; was the son of Irish parents. He was taken to South Carolina in infancy, grew to manhood in that state, and was graduated with first honors from South Carolina College, 1810. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1813, and was appointed a commissioner in equity. He moved to Monroe County, Ala., in 1819, set tling at Claiborne, where he soon rose to emi nence at the bar, and maintained his standing with increased reputation till he retired from the practice about twenty-five years later. He became a judge of the circuit court soon after his arrival at Claiborne; was elected to repre sent the county in the first general assembly of the state and on its assembling at Hunts ville in 1819, was elected speaker of the house of representatives. In the twelve years fol lowing, he was four times elected to the legis lature, was speaker in 1821, and repeatedly served as chairman of the judiciary commit tee. In 1833, he was candidate for congress from the Mobile district, and was defeated by Gov. John Murphy. Four years later, he in turn defeated Mr. Murphy in a regular political battle in the same district, for election to the twenty-sixth congress. He served throughout that term, 1839-1841, and was again elected to congress in 1843, defeating Judge Henry Goldthwaite in the most exciting canvass ever known in the district. While in congress, Mr. Dellet was recognized for his powers in debate, as a number of his published speeches will tes tify. In April, 1840, he delivered in the house of representatives a speech of thirty pages in pamphlet form, on the "Civil and Diplomatic Appropriation Bill," which was considered equal in quality to that of any of his compeers. After serving his last term in congress, he retired from public life due to the failure of his health, and devoted himself to the manage ment of his large property in Claiborne until his death. He was a Whig. Hon. B. F. Por ter, of Butler, has said of Mr. Dellet, "To strangers he was taciturn, and to the masses anything but dependent or conciliating. His ideas of independence and sincerity forbade every species of deception; and he scorned to solicit the good opinions of men except by honorable actions openly performed." Mar ried: (1) Harriet Willison, of South Carolina; (2) Miss Wormley, of Tennessee. He left no sons. Last residence: Claiborne. DeLOACH, WILLIAM R., tax assessor and judge, was born in 1842, in Livingston, Sumter County; son of Dr. A. B. DeLoach and wife, who was a Miss Roby, the former of Tennessee the latter of Georgia. He was educated at Prof. Henry Tutwiler's Green Springs academy. At the outbreak of the War of Secession he en listed as private in the C. S. Army, and was in the battles of Cold Harbor, Chancellorsville, Antietam; was later transferred to the Western Army, and became a captain in Forrest's cav alry. Upon the cessation of hostilities he re turned home and was soon afterward elected tax assessor, a position he held two consecu tive terms. In 1880 he was elected probate judge of Sumter County, and in 1886 was re elected to that office. Married: in 1867, to Susan T., daughter of the late Charles R. Gibbs, a colonel in the War of 1812. Residence: Liv ingston. DELOFFRE, ANDRE, professor of modern languages at the University of Alabama, 1855- 65. Residence: Tuscaloosa. DELONEY, JOHN EDWARD, public official, was born November 6, 1854, at Leighton; son of Edward B. and Nancy E." (Smith) DeLoney of Leighton. He was educated in the common schools of that community, and was engaged in farming until January 1, 1893, when he was elected probate judge of Colbert County. He beld that office for six years, then became clerk of the county court. He was elected to the State legislature in 1900, and was re-elected in 1902. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: February 14, 1893, at Leighton, to Annie J., daughter of Philemon King and Eliza J. Mad ding, of Lawrence, now Colbert County. Res idence: Tuscumbia. DEMENT, JAMES G., member of the State legislature from Limestone County; superin tendent of education of that county; Confed erate soldier. Residence: Rogersville. DE MENT, JOHN JEFFERSON, physician, was born May 13, 1830, at Huntsville, Madison County, and died August 10, 1892, while away from home in quest of health and was buried in his native city; son of John and Celia (Lowe) De Ment, the former a native of Sumter County, Tenn., who settled in Madison County, in 1820; grandson of Charles De Ment of North Caro lina, and of Jesse and Susannah Lowe. Three brothers, De Ment, came from France in the Colonial period and were Revolutionary sol diers. One settled in Tennessee, one in Mary land and one went west. The Lowes came from England and several of them were sol diers and officers of the Revolution. Dr. De Ment was raised upon his father's plantation and received a common school education. At twenty he began the study of medicine under DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 479 Dr. G. A. Wynche of Meridianville. In 1851-52, he attended the Medical college, Louisville, Ky., and in 1853, graduated from the University of Pennsylvania. He located at Meridianville and practiced his profession at that place until 1862 at which time he entered the Confederate Army. He was commissioned surgeon and as signed to the 27th Alabama infantry regiment and served this command until the surrender of Ft. Donelson, when he was sent a prisoner to Camp Chase, and later to Johnson's Island. He was released, June, 1862, and assigned to the 49th Georgia infantry regiment, under Gen. Jackson and remained with this command until it was surrendered at Appomattox. During this time he was surgeon general of Gen. Ed. L. Thomas' brigade. After the war he located in Huntsville, where he practiced medicine with eminent success until his death. He was a member of the American medical association; American health association; president, Ala bama medical association, 1876; State board of censors; Madison County medical society, since 1853, and several times its president; member of the board of trustees, Huntsville female col lege; and since its foundation, a member of the board of trustees of Vanderbilt university; twelve years member board of trustees, Ala bama insane hospitals; surgeon general, Ala bama militia for eight years under Governors Houston and Cobb; appointed by Gov. Seay as one of the examiners under the color blind law. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; Mason; Knight of Honor; Knight of Pythias; Ancient Order of United Workmen; Knight Templar. Married: January 27, 1869, at Huntsville, to Cornelia Clopton, daughter of Dr. Henry Arthur and Sarah Elizabeth (Brandon) Bin ford of Huntsville. She was descended from the Brandon, Binford and Lee families of Vir ginia. Her grandmother, Miss Grace Lee, was closely related to Gen. Robert E. Lee. Chil dren: 1. Henry Binford; 2. Mattie Sue; 3. Rob ert Searcy, Huntsville; 4. Sarah Binford, m. Harry Morrison Sheple, Philadelphia, Pa.; 5. John Jefferson; 6. William Rison; 7. Susie, m. Marion Ridley Moarman, Huntsville. Last residence: Huntsville. DENNETT, WILLIAM BIBB, printer, was born November 12, 1829, at Huntsville, Madison County; son of William Briston and Amanda Nowlin (Bibb ) Dennett, the former a native of Virginia, who located in Huntsville in 1827; grandson of William Bibb and wife who was a Miss Garrett, who lived on their plantation two miles from Huntsville. He attended private schools and later the Huntsville academy. In January, 1842, he entered upon an apprentice ship with the "Huntsville Advocate" which lasted five years. Shortly after completing this obligation he joined Co. H, 3rd Alabama in fantry regiment, for service in the Mexican War and was with the troops from April, 1847, to July, 1848, when hostilities ceased and the company was disbanded. He held the rank of sergeant in the Mexican service, was lieu tenant in Lopez' army which invaded Cuba in 1850, and was promoted captain in 1851. He entered the Confederate army as captain and was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the 24th Alabama infantry regiment. Owing to the scar city of printers and the pressing need of them in relation to public work, he resigned his commis sion in the army and located at Mobile where he practiced his trade. In 1868, in company with other colonists, he migrated to Fresno County, Calif., where for twelve years he engaged in farming. Later he was appointed deputy county assessor, and later still was elected city clerk and assessor, holding that position for eight years. He was made secretary of the chamber of commerce of Fresno and served that organization seven years. He entered the Soldier's Home, near Los Angeles, for a while and was also a member of the I. T. Union, lo cated at Colorado Springs, and divided his time between the two homes. He later resigned both connections and retired on a pension at the age of eighty-seven. He is a Mason. Married: Jan uary 3, 1861, at Mobile, Caroline Matilda, daughter of Judge Gustaves Horton and .wife, who was a Miss Sargent of that place. Resi dence: San Diego, Calif. DENNIS, CHARLES AIKENS, farmer, was born July 8, 1787 in Putnam County, Ga., and died August 21, 1844, in Pike County. He was educated in his native county in Georgia, came to Alabama, and settled in Pike County, where he was a farmer all his life. He was elected to the Alabama legislature from Pike County, in 1826, and was re-elected in 1827, 1829 and 1835. He was a Democrat, and a Baptist. Married: in Putnam County, Ga., Esther Maddox, who was born May 15, 1790, and died February 5, 1870, at Orion. Children: 1. Lucinda, b. December 25, 1809, d. August 21, 1839, m. August 27, 1824, Thomas Cargill; 2. Joseph F., b. July 18, 1814, d. October 2, 1871; 3. John Wilson, b. April 2, 1817, d. Sep tember 25, 1853, m. August 20, 1840, Sarah Ann Moy; 4. Linna, b. September 1, 1822, d. October 5, 1870, m. August 19, 1840, S. R. Moy. Last residence: China Grove. DENNIS, GEORGE A., physician, graduate of the Atlanta-Southern medical college and en tered the practice at Augusta, Ga., 1893. Res idence: Montgomery. DENNIS, THOMAS HYRAM, merchant and legislator, was born January 9, 1875, at Girard, Russell County; son of Thomas Harris and Eve line Eleanor (Williams) Dennis, the former of Talbotton, Talbot County, Ga., who served in the Mexican War and in the War of Seces sion, the latter of Troy, Pike County; grandson of John and Martha H. (Wynn) Dennis, of Loflin, Russell County, and of Hyram P. and Emeline (Baygent) Williams, of Troy, Pike County. Mr. Den nis received his education in the schools of Girard, and is a salesman. He was formerly second lieutenant in Co. L, Second regiment, Alabama national guard; has served on the city council of Girard; and was elected to the State legislature in 1911. He is a Democrat; an Odd Fellow; a Knight of Pythias; and a Red Man. Married: May 29, 1895, at Girard, to Annie Lee, daughter of Washington and 480 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Missouri Anna (Graham) Mote, of Girard. Res idence: Girard. DENNY, GEORGE HUTCHESON, president University of Alabama, was born December 3, 1870, at "Old Church," Hanover County, Va.; son of Rev. George H. and Charlotte Matilda (Wright) Denny, the former a Presbyterian minister, chaplain of Otey's battery, C. S. Army, a native, of Richmond, Va., and of Scotch de scent. Dr. Denny received his preparatory edu cation in the public schools of Amelia County; the high school at Amelia Court House, Va.; graduated with first honors from Hampden- Sidney college, Va., A. B., 1891, winning the orator's medal and taking the A. M. degree, 1892. He took post graduate work at Univer sity of Virginia, receiving his Ph. D. degree in 1897. He was instructor at Hampden-Sid- ney college, 1891-92; master Pantops academy, at Charlottesville, 1892-96; professor of Latin and German, Hampden-Sidney college, 1896-99; professor of Latin, Washington-Lee university, 1899-1912; acting president of Washington-Lee university, 1901-02, and president, 1902-1912, when he accepted the presidency of the Uni versity of Alabama, a position he still holds. He received the honorary degree of LL. D. from Furman university, S. C, in 1903 and from Washington college, Md., in 1905. He was president of the association of colleges and preparatory schools, 1904; trustee of the Car negie foundation for the advancement of teach ing since 1905; chairman Virginia State board of charities and corrections, 1907-12. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; and a member of the Sigma Chi college fraternity, and of Phi Beta Kappa. Author : "The subjective sequence after adjective and substantive predicates and phrases," 1896; editor, "Cicero's Letters" 1901; and contributor to "Library of Southern Litera ture," "The South in the Building of the Na tion;" has written various monographs on philological, literary, and social subjects which have been published in cyclopedias, magazines and the current press. Married: June 1, 1899, in Richmond, to Janie Junkin, daughter of Rev. Dr. Givens B. and Frances (Moore) Strickler, the former was a Presbyterian minister, serv ing pastorates in Atlanta, Ga., and in Rich mond, Va. Children: 1. Frances Moore; 2. Charlotte Josephine; 3 George Hutcheson, jr. Residence: University. DENSON, W. A., lawyer, Birmingham. DENT, DENNIS, merchant and planter, was born about the year of 1797 in either Georgia or Maryland, and died in 1860. He came to Tuscaloosa about the year 1820 and engaged in planting. He represented Tuscaloosa County in the State legislature, 1834, 1835, 1836, and in the senate in 1838, 1840, 1843, 1847, and in 1849 was chosen president of that body. He raised a company of volunteers in 1836, during the Indian War in Florida, and served in a campaign against the Creeks as captain. He removed to Mobile and became a member of the firm of Fontaine and Dent, commission merchants. He was a Whig and a Methodist. Married : Miss Bealle, of Georgia, and left many descendants. Last residence: Mobile. DENT, STANLEY HUBERT, lawyer, county solicitor and member of congress, was born August 16, 1869, at Eufaula; son of Stouten H, and Anna B. (Young) Dent (q. v.). He receiv ed his early education in private schools in his native town; graduated with the A. B. de gree, from the Southern university, Greens boro, June, 1886; graduated in law from the University of Virginia, June 1889, and admit ted to the bar at Ozark, Dale County, July, 1889. He located in Eufaula for the practice of his profession, but later removed to Montgom ery, where he formed a partnership with Gen. William C. Oates, later being a member of the firm, Harmon, Dent and Weil. Upon the death of Tennant Lomax, solicitor of Montgomery County, he was appointed by Gov. William D. Jelks, to that position, and assumed office November, 1902, to fill the unexpired term, and was, in 1904, elected for a term of six years. He was nominated by the Democrats, in a con gressional primary, September 12, 1908, for membership in the 61st congress, and was elected successively to that office until 1920, when he was defeated by former Chief Justice John R. Tyson, in the primaries of that year. During his twelve years in congress, Mr. Dent held membership on important committees, and during the period of the World War, was chairman of the committee on military affairs. Married: June 23, 1897, in Louisville, Ky., to Etta, daughter of William Henry and Alice (Cocke) Tinsley of that place. Children: 1. William Tinsley. Residence: Montgomery. DENT, STOUTEN HUBERT, lawyer and banker, was born October 20, 1833, in Charles County, Md.; son of Dr. Stouten Warren and Mary Catherine (Smoot) Dent, the former also a native of Charles County where his life was spent; grandson of Hatch Dent, a soldier of the Revolution, and of George and Mary (Dent) Smoot, all of Charles County. The Dent fam ily is of English origin, the American founders being two brothers who left their native coun try under the displeasure of Oliver Cromwell whom they had opposed as adherents to the Stuarts. They settled in Maryland between the Potomac and Patuxent Rivers, then in Vir ginia, and upon the restoration of the Stuarts they received a large grant of land in Charles County, Md. Capt. Dent entered Charlotte hall, St. Mary's Md., after a careful preliminary training in the common schools of his native county. He completed his studies in 1861, but the school did not confer degrees. He started his career as a teacher, and this work brought him to Eufaula, Ala., but he only taught a year there. In 1856 he entered the law office of Pugh and Bullock at Eufaula, and the same year was admitted to the practice. At the out break of the War in 1861, he was a justice of the peace. After the close of hostilities he was for a number of years superintendent of educa tion of Barbour County; was at one time mem ber of the city council of Eufaula. He was first lieutenant of the "Eufaula rifles" Co. B, 1st Alabama infantry regiment; acted as adjutant GEORGE B. McCORMACK DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 483 of that regiment for some months; resigned and entered the artillery branch of the service as first lieutenant; was wounded at the bat tle of Shiloh but did not leave the field; in 1863 promoted captain of the battery which carried his name, and his command received special mention for faithful service and gal lantry in battle. He was severely wounded in battle near Atlanta, July 22, 1863, and again wounded in battle, December 16, 1864, near Nashville, Tenn. Upon returning home, ow ing to the suspension of the courts he engaged in business. In 1866 he resumed the prac tice of law; and in 1879 he was elected pres ident of the Eufaula national bank. He was temporary chairman of the State Democratic convention of 1892; was later a member of the State executive committee; and was a mem ber of the constitutional convention of 1901. He is a Mason and an Odd Fellow; a steward in the Methodist church for forty years, has twice been a delegate to the General Confer ence, and in 1890 was chairman of one of the most important committees. He was the nom inee of the Democrats for the legislature to represent Barbour County in 1872, and al though defeated by a Republican his campaign gave confidence to the white citizenship of his section. Author: "Methodist churches in Eu faula," 1907. Married: June 5, 1860, at Eufaula, to Anna Beall, daughter of Edward Brown and Anna (Beall) Young, of Marion, Ga. Chil dren: 1. Edward Young, m. Annie McCor- mick; 2. Nannie Beall, m. (1) Jackson Ed ward Long and (2) Dr. William W. Mangum; 3. Stanley Hubert (q. v.) m. Etta Tinsley; 4. Henry Augustus, unmarried, in U. S. Navy; 5. Katherine Louise, m. George N. Hurt, Eufaula; 6. Carrie, m. Charles Samuel McDowell, jr. (q. v.). Residence: Eufaula. DERBY, CHARLES A., lieutenant-colonel, and later colonel, 45th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army. He was killed at Sharps- burg, Md. DESHLER, JAMES, brigadier-general, C. S. Army, was born February 18, 1833, in Tuscum bia, and was killed September 20, 1863, in the battle of Chickamauga; son of Maj. David Deshler, an eminent civil engineer, who re moved from Philadelphia, Pa., to Tuscumbia, Ala., in 1825, and who at his death bequeathed his home and grounds for. the establishment of a female college, now known as "Deshler Insti tute," in honor of his son. General Deshler en tered West Point academy, in 1850; graduated in 1854; appointed brevet second lieutenant, 3rd Artillery; and served during the remainder of that year and a part of 1855, on frontier duty in California. He was transferred to the 10th Infantry, in March, 1855; spent some time at Carlisle barracks, Pa.; was in the campaign against the Sioux Indians; participated in the action at Blue Water, September 3; was under Col. A. S. Johnston in the Utah expedition; and was promoted first lieutenant, September 17, 1858. In May, 1861, he was at Fort Wyse, Colo., and upon hearing of the secession of Alabama, resigned his commission and repaired to Richmond, Va., where he was appointed cap tain of artillery, C. S. Army, July 19, 1861, to rank from March 16, 1861. He was ordered to report to Brigadier-General Loring, who on that day had been assigned to the Army of the Northwest. In the Cheat Mountain expedition in September, he acted as adjutant general of Gen. Henry R Jackson's brigade, and on Oc tober 3, was aide-de-camp to Col. Edward Johnson in the engagement at Greenbrier. Captain Deshler was shot through both thighs, December 31, 1861, at Camp Alleghany while Berving as acting assistant adjutant general to Col. Edward Johnson. Upon his recovery he was appointed colonel, March 9, 1862, assigned as colonel and chief of artillery, Army of Pam lico, March 22, 1862, and later relieved and as signed, April 4, 1862, as colonel and chief of ordnance, Department of North Carolina. In the latter part of 1862 he accompanied General Holmes to the Trans-Mississippi department, serving as colonel and acting assistant adjutant on his staff. He commanded a brigade of Tex- ans in Churchill's division, was captured at Arkansas Post, in January, 1863, and exchanged in June, 1863. On July 28, 1863, he was ap pointed brigadier-general, ordered to report for duty to General Bragg, assigned to the com mand of the Artillery reserves, composed of 1st Louisiana, Lunden's Alabama battery, Mas- senburg's Georgia battery, Havis' Georgia bat tery, Barret's Missouri battery and Orleans' guard artillery. On August 13, 1863, he was re lieved from the command of the Artillery re serve and assigned to the command of the remnants of three brigades of General Churchill. This brigade now formed a part of General Cleburne's division, and as a part of this di vision General Deshler's brigade was engaged in the battle of Chickamauga. He was shot through the chest on the second day of the battle and died on the field of valor. Last residence: Tuscumbia. DESNOUETTES, CHARLES LEFEBVORE, pioneer settler, was bom in 1773, and was drowned in 1823, off the coast of Ireland in the wreck of a vessel. He was a cavalry officer under Napoleon with the rank of lieutenant general and was also made a count. He fought at Zaragosa, Corunna, Bautzen, Brienne, Water loo, and Fleurus. He was one of the wealthiest of the French immigrants at Demopolis, hav ing had bequeathed to him by Napoleon, 100,- 000 francs. His wife succeeded in obtaining permission for him from the French government to reside in Belgium and while on this trip he lost his life. Married: Mme. La Fitte. Last residence: Demopolis. DE SOTO, Spanish explorer in the New World. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. DESPREZ, WILLIAM, physician, was born during the first years of the nineteenth century in Paris, France, and died October 16, 1878; son of Ambrose and Josephine (Steubentine) Desprez, of Paris, France. His father and his uncle, Louis Desprez, were members of the court of France, the latter being one of the tutors of the Dauphin. Ambrose Desprez was a Royalist, and as such was exiled from 484 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY France, and went to Ireland where he lived at Castle Blanez, Monaghan County. Dr. Desprez studied under a private tutor with the son of Lord Blanez at Castle Blanez, Monaghan County, Ireland; was apprenticed for seven years to John McAnally, surgeon, M. R. C. S., at Monaghan, the apprenticeship ending No vember 9, 1827. He attended the county hos pital during that period, and in the year 1827, took lecture courses from the Theatre of Anatomy and School of Surgery at Dublin, from the College of Obstetrics, Dublin, and at tended Dr. Steevens clinical lectures. He was enrolled as a member of the Royal College of Surgeons, London, England, November 30, 1830; practiced at Carlingford, Ireland, 1830- 1843; came to America, 1843, landing at New Orleans; settled in Alabama at Buzzard Roost, near Dickson; and then at Cherokee where he lived prior to the War of Secession. Though too old to do active service in the war, Dr. Desprez was an ardent Southern sympathizer and had two sons in the C. S. Army. His home was burned by Federal troops and his valu able library entirely destroyed. He moved to a plantation in Arkansas, near Helena, after the destruction of his home, and practiced his profession throughout that part of Arkansas for three years; returned to Alabama, making his home in Tuscumbia, where he died of yellow fever. He had an extensive practice in northern Alabama and, at the time of his death, was trying to organize a North Ala bama medical aid society. He was a Democrat, and a devout Roman Catholic, one of the pioneers of that faith in his locality. In Cherokee, where there was no Catholic church, services were held every three or four months at the home of Dr. Desprez, by a priest of the Diocese of Mobile; and before the building of a Catholic church in Tuscumbia, services were held in his home. He was vice president of the Alabama medical association in 1874, and a member of the North Alabama medical as sociation. Married: names of first two wives unknown; (3) August 11, 1842, in Dun- dalk, Ireland, Susan (Giffney) Henderson, daughter of John and Frances (Ruxton) Giffney, of that place; granddaughter of Anne (Willoughby) Giffney, whose sister married Lord George Cole of Enniskillen, Ireland, and of Henry Ruxton of Ardee, County Louth, Ireland, captain of the volunteers and an estated gentleman; great-granddaughter of Col. Willoughby, of Counties Cavan and Armagh, an estated gentleman of English de scent; sister of Willoughby Giffney, surgeon of a regiment in India, of Henry Giffney, one of the corps of civil engineers sent by Her Ma jesty for surveying in Australia, of John and Francis Giffney, captains and owners of a sea going vessel, and of Jervase Giffney, who lo cated in New Orleans, La., and whose descend ants still live there. Children, by first mar riage: 1. Ambrose, d. about 1859 in Cali fornia; 2. Mary Ann Elizabeth, became a Sis ter of Charity at Nazareth, Ky., d. August 4, 1870; by third marriage, 3. Josephine Steiiben- tine Ellen, m. Samuel Sevire who is deceased, resides at Wylam; 4. Dr. John Giffney, killed in the battle of Franklin, Tenn., November 30, 1864; 5. Francis Ruxton, d. in infancy; 6. Wil liam, jr., twin to Francis, d. March 14, 1879; 7. Frances Elizabeth Logie, m. Robert Cloud, resides at Tuscumbia; 8. Dr. Louis Willoughby, d. December 3, 1915, m. (1) Erie Watkins, (2) Ava Wilson, who lives with her family in Florence. Last residence: Tuscumbia. DE VAUDREUIL, PIERRE FRANCOIS RI- GAND, Marquis, Governor of Louisiana, gover nor-general of Canada. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. DEVOTIE, JAMES H., Baptist minister, was born September 24, 1813, in Oneida County, N. Y. He was baptized, December 4, 1831, and was licensed by the first Baptist church to preach, October 21, 1832; entered immediately the Furman theological seminary, at High Hills, Sumter District, S. C, under the instruc tion of Jesse Hartwell, D. D., and Samuel Fur- man, D. D. and was ordained at Camden in 1833, and there served his first pastorate, 1833- 1835. He served the following charges: Mont gomery, 1835; Tuscaloosa, 1836-1840; Marion, 1841-1856; Columbus, Ga., 1856-1870, after which time he became pastor at Griffin, Ga., 1871-72. In 1872 he became corresponding secretary of the mission board of the Georgia Baptist state convention. During 1855 he served as financial secretary of the domestic and Indian mission board of the Southern Baptist convention, of which he was also president for a number of years. At the beginning of the War of Seces sion he served as chaplain to troops on the Georgia coast. Married: (1) Margaret Chris tian Noble; (2) G. L. A. Children: 1. Noble Leslie (q. v.); 2. Jewett Gindrat, student at Columbia university, 1858-60, enlisted in the C. S. Army, but on account of becoming lame was discharged; inducted into the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity at the University of Ala bama, May 17, 1876, and founded Rho at Columbia college, editor-in-chief, Columbus, Ga., "Engineer Sun," 1875-81, and died April 4, 1881. DEVOTIE, NOBLE LESLIE, founder of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon college fraternity and Baptist minister, was born January 24, 1838, in Tuscaloosa, and was drowned February 12, 1861, at Ft. Morgan, Mobile Bay; son of Rev. Dr. James H. and Margaret Christian (Noble) DeVotie (q. v.). He was carried in 1840 by his parents to Marion, where he was educated and spent one year, 1852, as a student at How ard college; entered the sophomore class, 1853, at the University of Alabama, and graduated 1856. There had been developing in his mind the plan for the formation of a fraternity dur ing the session of 1855 and the first half of 1856, and he invited seven very close friends to join with him in the development of the movement. On Saturday night, March 8, 1856, he with his comrades, met and organized what is known as the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fra ternity, adopting a constitution, ritual and em blem. To Noble L. DeVotie is due the honor of having seen the vision, organized the idea, and started the movement which has resulted in a great brotherhood of college men, both ac tive students and alumni. Deciding to become DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 485 a minister he entered Princeton theological seminary in 1856, graduating in 1859. That fall he received and accepted a call from the First Baptist church at Selma where he re mained until 1861, at which time he became the chaplain for the "Independent Blues" and "Governor's Guard," accompanying these or ganizations to Ft. Morgan, Mobile Bay. On the evening of February 12, 1861, while board ing a steamer for Mobile he made a misstep, fell into the water and was drowned. The first Confederate flag ever used draped his casket. Last residence: Selma. DEWBERRY, JAMES MARSHALL, teacher and promoter, was born September 30, 1864, at Brundidge; son of John Hunter and Sallie E. (Powell) Dewberry (q. v.). He received his elementary education in the public schools of his native county, and entered Peabody col lege, Nashville, Tenn., in 1883, from which he was graduated in 1885. He at once began teaching as principal of the Capitol hill school, Montgomery; he later went to the chair of mathematics in the Troy State normal school; in the fall of 1895 he moved to Birmingham where he became superintendent of the public schools of Woodlawn; in 1900 he became a member of a mercantile firm composed of his father, two brothers, J. R. and A. P., and him self under the firm name of Dewberry and Sons, druggists, and the Dewberry book store. At a later period he became interested in the great transportation possibilities of Birming ham and has promoted the Tidewater develop ment company, the purpose of which is to con nect the mineral districts of Alabama with deep water, and of making Dauphin Island a world-wide port The Birmingham, Ensley, and Bessemer electric railway, an interurban line, known as the "Tidewater" is the first link in this chain. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and Sunday school superintendent. He owned and published the "Educational exchange," the official organ of the State educational forces, 1887-1907. Married: September 15, 1887, in Selma, to Lou Effie, daughter of Jared Jack son and Louisiana (Morgan) Lee of that place; granddaughter of George and Emily (Weth- erington) Morgan of Georgia, and of Jared Curington and Frances (Veronne) Lee of Newberry, S. C. Children: 1. Hunter Lee, d. in boyhood; 2. Lee Ola. Residence: Birming ham. DEWBERRY, JOHN HUNTER, physician and druggist, was born in Talbot County, Ga., in 1833; son of Irby and Mariah ( Walker "> Dewberry, natives respectively of Putnam and Warren Counties, Ga.; and grandson of John Walker, a native of England, and a farmer, who settled in Putnam County. The Dew- berrys were also of English stock. Dr. Dew berry was reared on a farm and received a good elementary education. He studied later at Hamilton academy and Waverly hall acad emy, Georgia, read medicine in a private office in Harris County, Ga., for two years; attended the Augusta medical college, and later, 1857, graduated from Jefferson medical college at Philadelphia. He located at Hilliard's Cross Roads, Pike County, where he practiced, 1857- 58; he then returned to Talbot County, for a time and removed to Monroe County, Ga., 1859. One year later he settled at Brundidge, where he continued to practice until 1873, when he removed to his farm, upon which he spent seven years. During his residence there he continued the practice, and upon returning to Brundidge he opened a drug business, and at the same time practiced medicine. He was a member of the Medical association of Alabama, and of the Pike County medical society; a Bap tist; a Democrat, and a Mason. Married: in 1858, in Talbot County, Ga., to Sallie E., daugh ter of Rev. Hiram Powell, a Missionary Baptist preacher who served one church over thirty years. Children: 1. Ida Irene, d. young; 2. James Marshall (q. v.) ; 3, Ola M., m. S. B. Copeland; 4. John Robert, Alumnus Univer sity of Alabama, professor mathematics Blount college, 1895-96, president of 4th district agri cultural school at Sylacauga, 1897-99; and held a position in the auditor's office of the Ala bama Midland railroad co., at Montgomery; m. Margaret Wilkerson; 5. Allie P., Dothan, Ala. Last residence: Brundidge. DEXTER, ANDREW, founder of the city of Montgomery, was born in Brookfield, Mass., March 28, 1779, and died of yellow fever in Mobile, November 2, 1837; son of Andrew and Mary (Newton) Dexter, of Boston, who were married in Woodstock, Conn.; grandson of Samuel and Hannah (Sigourney) Dexter, of Massachusetts and Connecticut, and of Simon and Mary (Richardson) Newton; great- grandson of Samuel and Catharina (Meats) Dexter, the former a graduate of Harvard and an early minister of Dedham, and nephew of Samuel Dexter, secretary of war, 1800, and secretary of the treasury, 1801, under Presi dent John Adams. Mr. Dexter was educated in the schools of Boston and graduated from Brown university, 1796; studied law with his uncle, Samuel Dexter, and served as his private secretary while he was a member of the cab inet; admitted to the bar in 1800; practiced law in Boston; and in 1809 he was president of the Boston bank. At the same time he began the erection of the first seven story office build ing in America, a venture which proved a financial failure, bankrupting him and leaving obligations of over a million dollars. He re moved to Nova Scotia, but remained only a short while, returning to his father's estate on the Hudson River where he engaged in the ship timber business. In 1816, he inherited from his father's estate a considerable amount of Georgia land script, which he located on the Alabama River including the site in part of the city of Montgomery. "He gave the name of New Philadelphia to the location. Among other far-sighted acts was the reservation of the site of the present State capitol building, for that particular use, in the belief that some day the seat of government would move to this section of the State. The main street, first known as Market street, was changed to Dexter avenue in his honor. He also gave five acres of land for a burial ground, now a part of Oakwood. His wife died August 17, 1819, 486 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and was one of the first to rest there. He eagerly set about the upbuilding of his town and the surrounding country. A freshet about 1830 destroyed a large mill he had erected on Catoma Creek, and he also had other business reverses. The three years, 1830 to 1833, he spent in Mexico and Texas. In 1833, he located in Mobile where he had somewhat reduced his former business prestige, and where he died, still in his prime, a victim to an epidemic of yellow fever. He was a Whig; and a Meth odist. Married: Charlotte Apthorp, daughter of Perez and Sarah (Apthorp) Morton, the former a soldier of the American Revolution and attorney-general of Massachusetts. Chil dren: 1. Andrew Alfred (q. v.), m. Harrietta Sarah Williams; 2. Charlotte Sophia, d. unmar ried; 3. Samuel, d. at San Augustine, Tex., un married. Last residence: Mobile. DEXTER, ANDREW ALFRED, civil en gineer, was born at Windsor, N. S., September 10, 1809, and died in Montgomery, December 6, 1854; son of Andrew and Charlotte Apthorp (Morton) Dexter (q. v.). He had a good el ementary education, and was trained as a civil engineer. He surveyed the first railroad from Charleston, S. C. to Augusta, Ga., laid out the town of Aiken, S. O; later he removed to Ala bama and engaged successfully in cotton plant ing in Macon County. He was engaged in the survey of a railroad from Mobile to New Orleans, La., in 1854, when he contracted yel low fever and died in Montgomery. He was a Whig. Married: at Aiken, S. C, January 7, 1834, to Harrietta Sarah Williams, daughter of William White and Martha (Jeter) Williams, of South Carolina. Children: 1. Lucy, d. youne; 2. Andrew Alfred, d. young; 3. Mar tha Henrietta, d. young. 4. Martha Venitia, m. at Montgomery to James Robert, son of Hiram Jackson and Martha (Sturtevant) Smith, and had five children; 5. Samuel, m. Caroline Dexter, daughter of Charles Hunt and Sophia (Dexter) Fearing, resided at Palestine, Texas, and had three children: 6. Laura Harrietta, unmarried; 7. Charlotte Morton, m. at Mont gomery to Joseph Files, son of David Levi and Caroline Margaret (Womack) Campbell, re sided at Palestine and Galveston, Tex., and had seven children; 8. Alfred Newton, mem ber Co. D, Seventh Alabama cavalry regiment, moved to Palestine, Texas., m. Julia Mar Sand- ifer, daughter of Calvin Stephenson and Martha (Ervin) Rutland, no children; 9. Wm. Wentworth, removed to Texas in 1874, his torian and author, m. Mrs. Maggie (Anderson) Abercrombie, daughter of Col. Thomas Mulady and Anne Elizabeth Anderson. Last residence: Montgomery. DEXTER, WILLIAM ATWOOD, planter, was born December 3, 1843, at Camden, Wilcox County, and died August 3, 1913, at that place; son of William James and Catherine Ann (El lis) Dexter, the former a native of Providence, R. I., who later located in Wilcox County, Ala., where he became a merchant and slave holding planter; grandson of Rev. John and Catherine Ann (McCraney) Ellis of Darlington, S. C. He was sixth in succession from the Rev. Gregory Dexter who was the progenitor of the Dexter family in America. He received his early educa tion in his native town and later attended the University of Alabama which he left before graduation to enter the Confederate Army. The degree of B. A. was conferred upon him by the University of Alabama in 1863, although he had not completed his course. He rose to the rank of lieutenant in Co. D, 38th Alabama in fantry regiment, and served the entire four years of the war. He was a merchant and a planter, having succeeded his father in busi ness, until 1888, at which time he was elected treasurer of Wilcox County, an office he held from then till his death, twenty-five years later. He was a Presbyterian, and a Democrat. Married: February 15, 1867, at Canton Bend, Wilcox County, to Eliza Beck, daughter of Dr. Henry Eustis and Margaret Eliza (Beck) Curtis, who lived at Camden, the former came to Alabama in 1826 from Raleigh, N. C, to practice medicine, represented Conecuh and Covington Counties in the Alabama legislature in 1829; in 1832 moved to Prairie Bluff, Wil cox County, and represented that county in the legislature of 1834, the latter the daughter of John and Margaret (King) Beck (q. v.), and a niece of Col. William R. King (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Mrs. William Antony Shultz, Brun didge; 2. Mrs. Manley Thomas Barrett, Cotton- dale, Fla.; 3. Margaret Ellis, Camden; 4. Helen Key, Camden; 5. Franklin Beck, Camden; 6. Paula Lucina, Camden; 7. Herbert Eustis, U. S. Army, Honolulu. Last residence: Camden. DEXTER, WILLIAM JAMES, planter and merchant, was born in 1798, at Providence, R. I., and died September 22, 1860, at Camden; son of John and Phoebie (Whipple) Dexter, of Providence, R. I., the former of whom was born in Smithfield, R. I., 1765, was a teacher, closely connected with affairs at Providence during that period; grandson of William Dex ter, born in Smithfield, R. I., in 1728; cousin of Andrew Dexter, who founded the city of Montgomery' and gave the ground upon which the capitol now stands; relative of Col. John S. Dexter, of Gen. Washington's staff during the operation in Rhode Island. The progenitor of the Dexter family of America was Rev. Gregory Dexter, born 1610, at Olney, North Hampton, England, who became a printer in London, was connected with the Baptist min istry at London, and was the friend and trans- Atlantic correspondent of Roger Williams. When in 1643, Roger Williams came to England to procure the first charter of the infant colony, he took with him the manuscript of his dic tionary of the Indian language, and later in that year Mr. Dexter printed the first edition of it at London. He accompanied Roger Will iams on his return to Providence, was one of the parties named in the second charter granted by Charles II, in 1663, was one of the first town clerks of Providence, and was the first accomplished printer that came to America. William J. Dexter was educated at Provi dence, R. I., and moved to Alabama when that state was a wilderness. He became a planter and slave owner, and a merchant, first at DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 487 Prairie Bluff, and later at Camden. He was a member of the Baptist church. Married: April 3, 1840, at Prairie Bluff, Wilcox County, Catherine Ann, daughter of Rev. John and Catherine Ann (McCraney) Ellis, who lived at Darlington, S. C. Her maternal grandfather was a pioneer Baptist minister. Children: 1. Lucina Dexter Mcintosh, Buckner, La.; 2. William Atwood, deceased; 3. John Francis, civil engineer, b. May 16, 1845, sergeant major of Fifty-third Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army, surveyor at Palo Prido district, Tex., 1873- 1875, and at San Saba Land district, Tex., 1875-1878, bridge engineer, Santa Fe Railroad, 1876-1877, assistant engineer, St. Louis & S. W. Railroad, 1877-1878; assistant engineer, Texas Pacific, 1880-1882, resident engineer, Mexican Central, 1882-1884, resides at Bowie, Tex.; 4. Charles, deceased; 5. Sarah Louisa, deceased; 6. George, deceased. Last residence: Camden. DE YAMPERT, THOMAS WEBB, school land agent, was born May 11, 1835, at his fa ther's country home, "Montevalla," in Hale County, and died August 3, 1912, at Montgom ery; son of Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus and Parthenia (Webb) DeYampert, the former a Methodist minister, and later a planter, one of the founders of the Southern university, Greensboro; grandson of Dr. Jean and Mary (Ardis) DeYampert, the former a native of southern France, educated in Geneva, Switzer land, a surgeon in the American Revolution, and of Dr. Thomas and Martha (Dickens) Webb, of Brush Creek, Hale County. He obtained his early education in the neigh borhood school near his father's plantation taught by James Woodrow, who later became celebrated as a Presbyterian minister ; at tended Yale college; student at the University of Virginia; and the University of Alabama, 1855-56. He was studying medicine at the out break of the war. He entered the Confederate service as agent for the manufacture of salt peter. At the close of hostilities he engaged in planting and in 1889 he became a clerk in the department of education, and removed to Montgomery. He held this position for seventeen years, and in 1898 he was appointed school land agent, a position created by act of the legislature of that year. In 1908 he was appointed superintendent of the American Bible house, a position he held at the time of his death. He was a Democrat; a Metho dist; and a Mason. Married: May 9, 1861, in Perry County, Anna Maria, daughter of George William and Malinda Bennet (Dickinson) Tur- pin, of Charlottesville, Va., and a sister of Louis W. Turpin (q. v.). Children: 1. Charles Hayne, m. Ida Mary Cate, and resides in Tu- cumcari, N. M.; 2. Anna Florie, m. Watson Kerr Harwell, and resides in Marlin, Tex.; 3. Ella, m. Elijah Hugh Hale; 4. Claude; and 5. Linda, both of whom live at Montgomery. Last residence: Montgomery. DIBBLE, OSCAR, grand sentinel, was born February 22, 1844, in Savannah, Ga., died August 28, 1908, in Montgomery, and is buried in Savannah, Ga. He was a well known rail road man of Montgomery and served as grand sentinel of the grand council, Masons. Mar ried: November 10, 1872, in Columbus, Ga., to Lena Land. Children: 1. Oscar, married; 2. George, married; 3. Barbara, m. Armand Gas- senheimer, of Montgomery; 4. Malcolm: Last residence: Montgomery. DICKEY, JAMES B., major, 55th Alabama in fantry, C. S. Army. DICKEY, LEONIDAS CICERO, lawyer, is a native of Alabama; son of Willis Wesley and Nancy L. (Burgess) Dickey, the former a planter of Alabama; grandson of Samuel Dickey who removed from Georgia to Alabama in 1830, settling near Orion, Pike County, and of Richard Burgess, a native of East Tennessee but later a resident of Shelby County. He was educated in the schools of Montgomery County; attended the Agricultural and me chanical college, Auburn; graduated A. B., 1877, and A. M., 1878, from Hiwassee college, East Tennessee; post graduate student, Van derbilt university, 1880; and received the de gree of LL. B. from the University of Alabama, in July, 1882. He was president of the Central collegiate institute, Culloden, Ga., 1879-80; pres ident, Corinth female college and male clas sical institute, Corinth, Miss., 1882-83; removed to Montgomery in June, 1883, practicing law for a short while ; professor of history and Eng lish literature, Southern university, Greens boro, 1883-84; and removed to Birmingham where he resumed the practice of law. Resi dence: Birmingham. DICKINSON, ALFRED JAMES, Baptist min ister, was born December 25, 1864, at "East View," Louisa County, Va.; son of Rev. Charles Richard and Bettie (Valentine) Dickinson; grandson of Ralph Quarles and Frances Ann (Quisenbury) Dickinson, and of Christopher and Martha (Cheuring) Valentine, all of Louisa County, Va. His father was born in Louisa County, Va., was educated at Richmond Col lege, Virginia, and was graduated in medicine from the University of Pennsylvania, at Phila- delpha, M. D., lived on a plantation near Poin- dexter, Va., where he owned and operated a large farm, practiced medicine, was pastor of several Baptist churches, and was president of Green Springs academy. The Dickinson family are descended from English ancestors, who came to America in colonial times. One mem ber of the family settled in Massachusetts, and another in Pennsylvania, the latter the imme diate ancestor of the Virginia family. Dr. Dickinson gained his early education from the public schools of the neighborhood, and from Green Springs academy, Virginia; attended Richmond college from 1882 to 1886, and was graduated the latter year with the degree of M. A.; entered the Southern Baptist theological seminary, Louisville, Ky., in the fall of 1886, studied there for two years, graduating in sev eral schools; and attended the University of Chicago, 1906. He was ordained a Baptist min ister; served as pastor of the Lee Street Bap tist church in Baltimore, Md., 1886; taught 488 ' DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY mathematics in Rugby school, Louisville, Ky., during his attendance at the theological seminary there, 1886-1888; became pastor in charge of the Central Baptist church, Mem phis, Tenn., 1887-1889; of the First Baptist church at Selma, 1890-1901; and of the First Baptist church at Birmingham in 1901, which charge he still occupies. Dr. Dickinson is a member of the board of mission and ministerial education of the Alabama Baptist State Con vention; was a trustee of the Alabama girls' technical institute and college for women, Mon tevallo, 1903-1907; is a trustee of Judson col lege; of Howard college, Birmingham; is a director of Marion institute; and has been president of the Municipal ownership league of Birmingham, since 1909. He preached the sermon before the Southern Baptist convention in Richmond, Va., at the ses sion of 1909; was among the first to move for a new constitution to revise suffrage in Ala bama, as early as 1893; and took part in the prohibition movement in Alabama in 1907, stumping the state for the amendment in that behalf. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by the University of Alabama, 1893. Dr. Dickinson is a Democrat a Master Mason, and an Odd Fellow. He has contributed many articles to the religious press. Married: Au gust 13, 1888, at Culpeper, Va., Lucy Broadus, daughter of Richard and Susan (Broadus) Stone, of that place. Children: 1. Rev. Alfred James, jr.; 2. Lucy Broadus; 3. Elizabeth Valentine; 4. Charles Richard. Resi dence: Birmingham. DICKINSON, JAMES SHELTON, lawyer, was born January 18, 1818, in Spottsylvania County, Va., and died July 23, 1882, at Grove Hill; son of Richard Dickinson, born in Spott sylvania County, Va., who married a sister Of Judge William Crawford, U. S. district at torney from Louisa County, Va., who came to St. Stephens in 1817, to Clarke County in 1821, locating three miles north of what is now Grove Hill, represented the county in the State legislature in 1824, moved to Tallahatta in 1833 and resided there until 1866, died while on a visit to his son, December 18, 1869. Mr. Dick inson attended school at Grove Hill, under T. W. Price; taught school in the Poge neighbor hood, 1839; returned to Virginia, and entered the law school of the State university, from which he graduated in 1844; moved to Grove Hill in 1845 and opened a law office in that place; was elected to the State senate from Clarke, Baldwin and Monroe Counties, 1853, and served a two year term; was made a Breckin ridge elector in 1860, aiding in the campaign that gave Alabamajs vote to that ticket on the "southern rights" issue; raised and equipped a company of infantry at his own expense for the C. S. Army in 1861; was elected to the Confederate congress, 1863, defeating his op ponent, Hon. Charles C. Langdon, of Mobile; served at Richmond until congress closed its session in March, 1865, and returned home, re suming his practice in Grove Hill. Mr. Dickin son was a Democrat; one of the leaders in the organization of the Baptist church at Grove Hill, and an active factor in the erection of that church; a Master Mason; and was the highest officer in the county of the Order of the Sons of Temperance. He was for many years president of the board of trustees of the Grove Hill Academy. Married: (1) in Louisa County, Va., 1844, Mary F. Dickinson, his first cousin, who died January 12, 1864; (2) in June, 1868, Alice A., youngest daughter of Col. James and Mary (Chapman) Savage, jr., of Grove Hill, the former a merchant, owner of a store in Grove Hill, a store in Hamburg, Ark., and a sugar plantation in Louisiana, who died with his wife and two daughters during the yellow fever epidemic at Grove Hill in the fall of 1853; granddaughter of James Savage, sr., a native of Ireland who came to America when quite young, and served for many years as circuit clerk at Butler, Choctaw County, and of Joseph Chapman who married a Miss El more, and who came to Grove Hill from South Carolina. Children, by first marriage: i. Rich ard C, m. Caroline Sawyer; 2. Virginia Louise, m. Walter Pugh; 3. Rev. James W., m. Jane Fleming; 4. Mary Elizabeth, m. Dr. Bryan Bor oughs; 5. John Quarles, m. Beck Pruett; 6. Martha Augusta, m. Dr. Boaz Bush; 7. Leroy Calhoun, m. Irene White; 8. Walter Granison; 9. Emma Sarah, m. Walter Pugh; by second marriage; 10. Minnie Savage, m. W. D. Dunn, lawyer, Grove Hill ; 11. Robert Lee, tax assessor, m. Ella Clay, Grove Hill; 12. Mabel Clare, m. Clayton Trassue, judge of probate, Grove Hill; 13. Alice Maude, Grove Hill; 14. Shelton Chap man, druggist, Thomasville. Last residence": Grove Hill. DICKISON, W. P., Methodist minister, pastor of the Court Street Methodist church, Mont gomery, 1895-98. Residence: Prattville. DICKSON, ABNER, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of Franklin County; private Tennessee Volunteers; enrolled on March 10, 1818, payment to date from May 4, 1815; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $1,808; April 24, 1816. Transferred from Montgomery County, Tennessee, from March 4, 1827. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DICKSON, EDWARD R., tutor, and rector of the academic department of the University of Alabama, 1862-65. He was for a long while su perintendent of schools in Mobile. DICKSON, MICHAEL, pioneer settler, was born in Duplin County, N. C, October 6, 1777, and died in Nashville, Tenn., December 23, 1859. He emigrated from North Carolina to Tennessee, later removed to Alabama, and set tled at Tuscumbia in 1818. He was the first white settler in this town, and his daughter was the first white child born there. He built a log hotel and conducted it for many years; removed to Russellville, Franklin County, and served as clerk of the circuit court for about eighteen years. He then moved to Hernando, Miss., and finally returned to Franklin County, remaining here until his death in Nashville THOMAS D. SAMFORD DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 491 while on a visit to relatives. Married: April 2, 1799, in North Carolina, to Sene Williams, born in North Carolina, May 4, 1782, and died in Hernando County, Miss., April 18, 1854. Children: 1. Joseph John, d. in infancy; 2. Abishai, killed at Goliad, Tex.; 3. Louis, d. on Tallahatchie River, Miss., while on his way to Arkansas; 4. Hugh, d. at San Antonio, Tex.; 5. Priscilla, m. Dr. William H. Wharton; 6. Jacob W., d. at Memphis, Tenn.; 7. David, d. in infancy; 8. Joseph, m. Lizzie Nelson, and died in Colbert County; 9. Anna D., m. (1) a Mr. Hooper, and (2) Dr. Overton Watson; 10. Michael, jr., d. at Hernando, Miss.; 11. Louisa M., m. (1) William Harris, and (2) LaFayette Moorman; 12. John, d. in Arkansas. Last residence: Franklin County. DICKSON, WILLIAM ENOCH, teacher, was born February 17, 1874, at Brooksville, Blount County; son of Alvin Oscar and Alabama (All dredge) Dickson, the former a Georgian, who lived at Brooksville, Blount County, and was captain in the 48th Alabama regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of William S. Dickson, of Georgia, and of Enoch Alldredge, of Brooks ville, who served many years in the state leg islature. He received his early schooling in Blount County, and was graduated from the North Alabama conference college, Birming ham, A. B., 1900. He began teaching in the public schools of Blount County in 1894. He was elected to the State legislature from Blount County in August, 1900, in 1902, and from Jef ferson County in 1918. He is a Democrat; Methodist Episcopalian; Mason; Knight of Pythias. Married: May 27, 1902, at Kensing ton, • Ga., to May Morning Kendrick, daughter of Aaron Thomas and May (Campbell) Ken drick. Children: 1. Alma Kendrick; 2. Louise; 3. William Enoch, jr.; 4. May Reese. Residence; Birmingham. DILL, H. R., State representative from Jef ferson County, 1900-01. Residence: Birming ham. DILL, J. S., pioneer Missionary Baptist min ister; son-in-law of I. T. Tichenor. DILL, JOSEPH MASON, teacher and first president of Troy State normal college, was born November 4, 1852, in Carlowville, Dallas County; son of Dr. Thomas John and Jane Lee (Alison) Dill (q. v.). Professor Dill was edu cated by his father; graduated at Howard col lege, A. B., 1874, and A. M. honorary, 1878. He taught at Tuscaloosa, 1874-76; was professor of natural sciences in Howard college, 1876-78; was principal of the Tuscaloosa high school until 1884; superintendent of the Troy high school, 1884-87; first president of Troy State normal school, 1887-88, co-ordinating the work of the Normal school and the city graded schools; president of the South Alabama female institute, at Greenville, 1888-1901; and his last work as teacher was as superintendent of the Bessemer public schools, 1901-08. Because of his increasing deafness, he resigned and en tered business life. He is a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: in Tuscaloosa, September Vol. Ill— 32 18, 1878, to Lucie Billingslea, daughter of Dr. Joshua Hill and Lucy Boiling (Billingslea) Foster (q. v.). Children: 1. Joseph Mason, jr., an engineer, m. in 1906, to Lillian Lea, daugh ter of Col. Sumpter Lea, and lives in Birming ham. Residence: Bessemer. DILL, THOMAS JOHN, teacher, was born on Edisto Island, thirty miles from Charleston, S. C, November 8, 1825, and died at East Lake, Jefferson County, January 31, 1901; son of Dr. Joseph Mason and Regina (Alison) Dill, of Charleston, the former a planter and physician, and the latter the granddaughter of Joshua Lockwood, "whose fortune and business skill contributed in liberal measure to sustain the life of the struggling republic in the days of the Revolution." He was educated at the academy of Christopher Cotes of Charleston; and graduated with second honors from South Carolina college, A. B., 1845, and A. M., honor ary. Mercer university later conferred the honorary degree of LL. D. He first taught at Edisto; in 1849, he followed a colony of Charlestonians, composed of the Lee, Lock- wood, Lide, Youngblood and Alison families, to Dallas County, Ala. Here they had formed the village of Carlowville and Dr. Dill opened an academy for boys which he successfully con ducted until 1869, when he was chosen pro fessor of classic languages at Howard college. This position he filled for thirty-one years, when blindness incapacitated him for further service. In the removal of Howard college to East Lake, near Birmingham, Jefferson County, Dr. Dill acted as dean of the faculty for one year until a president was chosen. He was a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: May, 1851, to Jane Lee, daughter of Capt. Jacob Smiser and Margaret (Youngblood) Alison, who had removed from Charleston to Dallas County in 1848. Children: 1. Joseph Mason (q. v.), m. Lucie Billingslea Foster; 2. Rev. Dr. John S., Pastor Baptist church, Gaffney, S. C. Last residence: East Lake. DILLARD, ANTHONY WINSTON, lawyer and chancellor, was born in Tuscumbia, April 22, 1827; son of Dr. John James and Nancy Jones (Winston) Dillard, the former of Am herst County, Va., the latter of Franklin Coun ty; grandson of Col. Anthony Winston, of Buckingham County, and great-grandson of Capt. Anthony Winston, a Revolutionary sol dier, of Hanover County, Va. Judge Dillard was educated at Centre college, Ky., and Jack son college, Columbia, Tenn. He was a lawyer by profession; entered the practice at Gaines ville, Ala., in 1848; was elected, in 1856, probate judge of Sumter County, serving until 1862. Gov. Lewis E. Parsons in 1865 offered him the position of district solicitor, but he refused to accept the appointment. When the western chancery division was created in 1868, he ac cepted the appointment of chancellor from Gov. William H. Smith, and held that position until 1880. He was a member of the Charleston con vention of 1860. In 1858 and 1859 under the pen name of "Lorgnette" he contributed a se ries of letters to the "Montgomery Confedera tion" in opposition to the secession plan pro- 492 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY posed by William L. Yancey in his famous Slaughter letter. In 1857 he published in the "Messenger," Livingston, twelve chapters of a proposed "History of Sumter County, 1832- 1856," and in Gainesville "Independent," 1858, republished five chapters. In 1872 he published a series of articles in the Livingston Journal, on "Lawyers of West Alabama." He contrib uted articles to various magazines and newspa pers. Married: November 13, 1849, to Malvina C, daughter of Major Edward and Malvina (Cammack) Herndon, of Sumter County, but natives of Fredericksburg, Va., and grand daughter of Edward Herndon, a Revolutionary soldier. Last residence: Gainesville. DILLARD, JAMES RICHARD, farmer, was born October 2, 1818, at Lexington, Va., and died in Montgomery; son of James Reuben and Delilah (Ponder) Dillard, natives respectively of Lexington, Va., and Oglethorpe County, Ga., who moved from Georgia to Montgomery County, Ala. His father died when quite young, and his mother afterwards married Capt. Wil liam O. Dabney, who lived only a few years after the marriage. Mrs. Dabney remained on her plantation and attended to every detail of her business for a period of about forty years. Col. Dillard had a common school education; became a planter in Montgomery County; served at one time as a member of the State legislature; raised a company of militia which was held in readiness for service, 1864; was captain of that company, and later was made colonel of a regiment going to the defense of Mobile at the time of the news of the surrender. He was an elder in the Presbyterian church. Married: (1) October 4, 1841, Sarah Ann, daughter of William and Nancie Falconer, of Montgomery; granddaughter of Gilbert Falconer, who came to America from Scot land and settled in Philadelphia; (2) Mrs. Ligon, of Tuskegee. Children, by first wife: 1. Reuben, d. at two years; 2. Susan Oliver, m. 1866, Dr. James Buckner Luckie, surgeon in Gen. Grade's brigade, had nine children, Dr. William R., deceased, Dubuez, deceased, Dr. Lorenzo F. and Dr. J. B., both of Los Angeles, Calif., Alfred, Falconer, Carrie, Susie, and Sarah; 3. James Dabney served in C. S. Army, d. in his seventy-first year; 4. Sarah H., m. Frank Smith, both deceased, left five chil dren, two of whom are Frank and Mrs. R. L. Simpson of Atlanta, Ga.; 5. Caroline, d. at eighteen years; 6. Delilah Ponder, resides in Birmingham; 7. Nancy Dillard, m. (1) John Arrington, deceased, (2) Judge H. A. C. Howze, resides in Birmingham; 8. Mary T., m. Dr. J. P. Ellshenz, had one child, m. David Buell of Mobile; 9. William Richard, m. Miss Chandler, both deceased, had one son who died in Bir mingham; by second marriage: 10. Eugenia, m. William Peck, both deceased, two children, Emily and Winona; 11. Dr. John R. Dillard, dentist, Montgomery. Last residence: Mont gomery. DIMMICK, JOSEPH W., public official, was born November 6, 1838, in Rushville, Schuyler County, 111., and died in Montgomery; son of Ebenezer and Margaret (Phillips) Dimmick, natives of Otsego County, N. Y., and of Ohio, who emigrated to Illinois about 1838, settling in Schuyler County on a farm; grandson of Mathew and Hulda (Ingram) Dimmick, the former of whom died when a young man, the latter a native of Con necticut, came from a family prominent in the Revolutionary War. The maternal grandfather was an officer in the War of 1812, who died in service. The Dimmicks, two brothers, came from England early in the seventeenth cen tury, and settled in Massachusetts. Mr. Dim mick was reared in his native county, attend ing the public schools there and Rushville Academy. He was teaching school at the out break of the War of Secession; enlisted as a private in Co. G, Sixteenth Illinois infantry, U. S. Army, May 1861; was promoted to second lieutenant at the battle of Big Springs, Miss., served through the war taking part in every battle and skirmish of his command; was de tailed for service in the subsistence department of A. J. Smith's corps, and came south in charge of a commissary; after being mustered out, located in Montgomery County where in partnership with a friend he conducted a cot ton plantation; was appointed postmaster of the city of Montgomery by President Grant in 1869, and served a term of four years; became owner of a cotton plantation near Montgomery; was one of the organizers of the First National Bank of Montgomery serving as a member of the board of directors for many years, then as vice president, and finally as president, which position he resigned in 1893 after holding the office for six years; was officially connected with the Sheffield Land Company; the Shef field and Birmingham Coal, Iron and Railroad Company; was president of the Montgomery Iron Works; a director of the Capital City Water Works, and of the Tecumseh Iron Com pany; controlled the Montgomery street rail way for several years and was president of the company, taking hold of the road when it was a horse car line, consolidating it with the Cloverdale electric road in 1894, and equipping the whole line with electricity. Mr. Dimmick was appointed clerk of the U. S. circuit court by Justice W. B. Woods, judge of the U. S. circuit court, and later associate justice of the U. S. supreme court, and held that position for more than thirty years. He was a Republican, and represented his party on the national com mittee. Married: September 7, 1869, Anna, daughter of Prof. Patrick and Katherine (Hud son) Savage, of Montgomery. Children: 1. Winona, m. Albert F. Wilson; 2. Joseph Phil lips, was graduated from Alabama State Uni versity, A. B., 1889, and from Harvard College, appointed deputy clerk, U. S. court at Montgom ery; 3. Margaret W., a graduate of Wellesley, m. William F. Thetford; 4. Anna M., a gradu ate of Wellesley, m. J. Brevard Jones. Resi dence: Montgomery. DINGLEY, WILLIAM HENRY, druggist, grand treasurer and registrar, grand lodge of Masons, was born December 18, 1824, at Win- slow, Me., and died September 16, 1911, at Montgomery; son of Amasa and Mary (Jen nings) Dingley. He was a lineal descendant of John Dingley who came to Lynn, Mass., from England, in 1637, with a company of DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 493 emigrants, and is named in the rate book of Marshfield records as paying rates in 1643, and is there styled as "Goodman" Dingley. This same company, soon after landing, moved to Sandwitch, now Cape Cod, and in 1640, John Dingley and two associates came to Marsh field, soon after it and Duxbury were erected out of old Plymouth. Mr. Dingley was gradu ated from Waterville College, Maine, and from Union College, Schenectady, N. Y., 1844. He settled first in Nobleborough, Me.; then in Boston, and finally in 1851, moved to Mont gomery, Ala., where he remained until his death. He engaged in the drug business with his uncle, Henry H. Jennings; and later, on the dissolution of that partnership, was in the same business alone. The latter years of his life were devoted almost exclusively to his duties as grand treasurer of the grand lodge of Alabama, of the Grand Royal Arch chapter, of the Grand Council, and of the Grand Commandery Knights Templar of Alabama, and to the more impor tant and detailed work as registrar of the Grand Lodge. He was an Episcopalian. Last residence: Montgomery. DINSMORE, WILLIAM LEWIS, physician, was born December 19, 1851, near Moulton, Lawrence County; son of David Lewis and Eleanor (Kyle) Dinsmore, the former of whom was a native of Wayne County, Ky., living there until 1823, when he moved to Alabama settling on a farm near Moulton, Lawrence County, and was treasurer of that county for many years; grandson of John Dinsmore of Wayne County, Ky., who spent the latter years of his life in Morgan County, and of William Kyle, who lived in Buncombe County, N. C, then in Alabama for a time, and finally in Mis sissippi. One of his great-grandfathers came from Scotland. Dr. Dinsmore obtained his early education from the country schools of the county; entered Vanderbilt university, and was graduated from that institution, M. D., 1881. He began to practice medicine at Town Creek in 1881; moved to Decatur in 1889 and is still practicing at that place. He is a Demo crat, an Episcopalian, and has been a stew ard in that church for thirty-two years. Married: (1) May 25, 1880, at Moulton, Nannie Leigh, daughter of Michael and Carolina Wert, of Moulton; (2) February 17, 1887, Eliza beth, daughter of James A. and Narcissa Nulley, of Town Creek. Children, by first_wife: 1. David Arthur, m. Ann Shaffer of "New York City, N. Y., two children, a boy and a girl of whom the latter is deceased, resides in Jack sonville, Fla.; 2. William Wert (q. v.); 3. Elea nor, m. L. J. Ramage, D. D. S., resides at De catur: by second marriage; 4. d. in infancy; 5. d. in infancy; 6. Lewis Manning. Residence: Decatur. DINSMORE, WILLIAM WERT, physician and State prison inspector, was born at Town Creek, Lawrence County, June 29, 1882; son of Dr. William Lewis and Nannie Leigh (Wert) Dinsmore (q. v.). Dr. Dinsmore was educated in the public schools at Decatur; graduated from the Alabama polytechnic institute, B. Sc. in pharmacy, 1903, and took his M. D. degree from Johns Hopkins university in • 1907. He began the practice in Decatur; was city health officer 1909-10; served as State director of the Alabama hookworm commission 1910-1911; as sistant in Health Department 1912-1917 and State prison inspector 1917-1918. He is now connected with the Travelers insurance com pany with headquarters at Hartford, Conn. Married: November 7, 1911, at High Point, N. C, to Berta Louise, daughter of William H. and Ada Louise Ragan, of that place. Resi dence: Hartford, Conn. DISQUE, JOHN HAROLD, lawyer and judge, was born March 23, 1848, in New Or leans, La.; son of Michael and Philophoina (Ostiff) Disque, the former a native of Bre- tagne, France, and a Huguenot, who emigrated to America on account of religious persecu tions. Owing to the death of his parents when he was a small boy, Judge Disque knows prac tically nothing of his ancestry. He was edu cated in the public and private schools of his native state ; came to Alabama in his early man hood and read law under Judge James Aiken in Gadsden, being admitted to the bar in No vember, 1871. He was elected solicitor of Eto wah County in November, 1872, serving four years. He organized the "Etowah Rifles," later known as the "Gadsden Guards," in 1881, and was elected captain, which commission he re signed in 1883. He was mayor of Gadsden, 1873-76, and 1886-88. In 1891 he was appointed by Gov. Thomas G. Jones, judge of the city court of Gadsden, which position he held by successive reappointments until his court was abolished by an act of the legislature of 1915, known as the court consolidation bill. The "Disque High School" of Gadsden is named for him. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; a Mason; Knight Templar; Odd Fellow; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: March 30, 1869, at Black Creek Falls, Etowah County, to Geor gia, daughter of Lemuel Jackson and Sarah Frances (Underwood) Standifer; granddaugh ter of Judge William Henderson Underwood, of Augusta, Ga. Children: 1. Ellie, m. For ney Hughes; 2. John Harold, jr. Residence: Gadsden. DIXON, GEORGE E., Confederate hero, en listed in the Twenty-first Alabama regiment of volunteers, at the outbreak of the War of Sec ession, and was mustered into service October 13, 1861, at Mobile. He was promoted from sergeant to second lieutenant, May 8, 1862, and was wounded at Shiloh. When he recovered from his wounds, he was detached to take charge of the "Fish" torpedo boat in Char leston harbor. The "Fish," the pioneer torpedo, built in 1863 by Hunley and McClin- tock, of Mobile, was equipped with two fins by which she could be raised and lowered in the water at will. Her purpose was to dive under a vessel with a torpedo in tow, which would be dragged across the tow and exploded, while the boat rose on the other side and made off in safety. There was no provision made for storing air. The first experiment with the "Fish" was made in Mobile Bay, when she went down with a crew but could not be raised, 494 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and every man on board perished. A few days after her acceptance by Gen. Beauregard, Lieut. Payne, of the C. S. Navy, volunteered with a crew to use her in an attack on the fleet, and was placed in command. During the prepara tions for the attack, the swell from a passing vessel filled her, and she went to the bottom, destroying the entire crew with the exception of Lieut. Payne, who was standing at an open manhole when the catastrophe occurred. While at Fort Sumpter, nearly a week afterward, the identical accident occurred, Payne and two of the crew being the only ones saved. It was at this time that Lieut. Dixon, who had made several experiments with the "Fish" in Mobile Bay, was sent for and placed in command. A volunteer crew was quickly found and made several tests in the harbor. One day, during Lieut. Dixon's absence, H. L. Hunley, one of its designers, who had come up to Charleston to make an investigation, took the boat into Stone River to practice the crew. She was readily submerged, but her nose stuck in the soft mud at the bottom of the river, and the entire crew was asphyxiated. Later the boat attempted to dive under the Confederate receiving ship, "In dian Chief," when she fouled an anchor chain and went to the bottom, with every soul on board meeting the same fate as his predeces sors. Loss of life now seemed so inevitable in the management of the boat, that Gen. Beau regard refused to permit her to be used again. No sooner had she been raised again, however, than a score of men were clamoring to be al lowed to give her another trial, and Lieut. Dixon asked permission to use her in an attack on the Houston, a new war vessel that lay off Broad Inlet on the bar. This was granted on condition that she be used not as a submarine, but with a star torpedo on the surface of the water. On board the death craft, on the night of February 17, 1864, Lieut. Dixon and his crew passed under the stern of the Housatonic, exploded the torpedo, and inside of three minutes had sunk the great vessel. The "Fish" went down with the Federal ship, with the loss of every man on board. A monument of granite, bearing on one side the names of Hunley, the inventor, and the crew which perished with him while experimenting, and on the other, those of Lieut. Dixon and his crew, has been erected in Charleston, S. C. DIXON, JAMES KELLY, lawyer, Federal prohibition director for Alabama; was born April 8, 1870, at Fayetteville, Talladega County; son of John and Matilda (Kelly) Dixon (q. v.) ; grandson of James and Cynthia (Driskille) Dixon, natives of Pennsylvania and Tennessee, respectively, and of James A. and Margaret (McNeil) Kelly, of Coosa County; great-grand son of John Driskille. He was prepared in the common schools of Talladega County; entered the University of Alabama in 1886, and was graduated from that institution, A. B., 1890; spent a term at the summer school of the University of Virginia; returned to the Uni versity of Alabama and was graduated from the law course there, LL.B., 1892. In Septem ber of that year, he began to practice law in Talladega; has continued his profession in that place and is at present associated with John B. Knox, W. P. Acker, and Marion H. Sims, in the law firm of Knox, Acker, Dixon & Sims, with offices at Talladega and Anniston. Mr. Dixon was appointed Federal prohibition direc tor for Alabama, 1919. He is a Democrat, has been a member of the state Democratic com mittee for twelve years, and at one time served as chairman of that committee. He is a senior warden in the Protestant Episcopal church. Married: October 1, 1895, at Montgomery, Julia Augusta, daughter of George Brewer of Tuskegee. Children: 1. Brewer, b. January 20, 1898, was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1918, LLB., 1919, and is now a student at Columbia University, New York, N. Y.; 2. Margaret was a member of the class of 1920, at Randolph Macon Woman's College, Lynchburg, Va. Residence: Talla dega. DIXON, JOHN, physician, was born June 21, 1832, in Tennessee, and died April 13, 1902,. at Fayetteville; son of James and Cynthia (Dris kille) Dixon, the former of whom was a native of Pennsylvania, and the latter of Tennessee; grandson of John Driskille. The father was a tanner by trade, and after coming to Talla dega County, Ala., in 1832, followed his trade for seven years; then moved to Texas where he and his wife died soon after. After the death of his parents, Dr. Dixon, then eight years old, went to Coosa County to live with his maternal grandparents. He attended the common schools of the county; entered the Jefferson medical college in 1858, and was graduated from that institution, M. D., 1860. Upon leav ing college, he located at Rockford, Coosa County, to practice medicine; practiced for a year, and at the outbreak of the War of Seces sion, enlisted in the Fifty-ninth Alabama in fantry, known as Hilliard's legion, commanded by Col. Hall; was made assistant surgeon under Gen. Longstreet after the battle of Chickamauga; rose to division surgeon; and was paroled at Appomattox Court House in the immediate presence of Gen. Lee! On his return from war, he settled at Fayetteville to practice and lived there until his death. He was sent with Dr. J. T. Harrison, as the first delegates from Talladega County to the State medical association of Alabama, was elected to the college of counsellors of that association in 1897. and was a junior counsellor at the time of his death. He was a charter member of the Talladega County Medical Society, serving as censor of that society, 1886-1896, and as presi dent for one term. Dr. Dixon was an ardent temperance advocate, and was perhaps the strongest factor in the final elimination of the whiskey shop from the southern end of Talla dega County. He was an Episcopalian, and a Mason. Married: October 21, 1865, Ma tilda, daughter of James A. and Margaret (McNeil) Kelly, of Coosa County. Children: 1. Margaret B.; 2. James Kelly (q. v.) ; 3. Cath erine; 4. Duncan P.; 5. Matilda; 6. John. Last residence: Fayetteville. DOAN, JOHN F., lieutenant colonel, 11th Ala bama cavalry, C. S. Army. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 495 DOBBS, LODWICK ADAMS, lawyer, was born September 4, 1842, at Lebanon, De Kalb County, and died at Fort Payne, May 4, 1892; son of James Gibson and Eliza (Frazier) Dobbs, and the grandson of Lodwick Adams Dobbs, of Abbeville, S. C, and of James and Dorcas (Mullin) Frazier, of Lebanon. The Dobbs family are the descendants of three English brothers, who settled in different parts of the country during the colonial period. Mr. Dobbs received his education in the common schools. At the outbreak of the War of Secession he enlisted as a lieutenant in Co. A, Seventh Alabama cavalry regiment, in which he served until his capture by the enemy. He employed his time during his eighteen months imprison ment in Johnson's Island prison, in study and reading. On the return of peace he studied law under William J. Haralson, and in 1868 was licensed to practice by Chancellor Samuel K. McSpadden. He entered upon the practice of his profession at Lebanon, but when the court house was removed to Fort Payne in 1877 he made that place his home, until his death. He was counsel for the Alabama great southern railroad as long as he lived. He also practiced law in Birmingham for a number of years, be ing a member of the firm of Denson, Dobbs and Wood. In 1876 he was elected as a Democrat to the State senate, and served four years. In 1880 he was chosen as the messenger to carry the vote of the State to Washington in the Garfield-Hancock contest for president. He was assistant district attorney of the middle and northern districts of Alabama under Cleveland's first administration. In 1880 he nominated Thomas Seay for governor. He was a Demo crat; and a Methodist. Married: November 1, 1866, at Lebanon, to Nancy Mariah, daughter of Benjamin Franklin and Permelia (Caper- ton) Gibson, cousins, of that place; grand daughter of John Henry Gibson, born in 1774, and in whose honor Gibson County, Tenn., was named, and who was a colonel in General Jackson's army, and of John and Elizabeth (Gibson) Caperton and great-grandson of Adam Caperton, the son of John Caperton, the founder of the Caperton family in the United States. Children: 1. James Gibson, m. Emma Condra, resides in Birmingham; 2. Cordie, Fort Payne; 3. Ora, Fort Payne; 4. John Henry, of Dallas, Texas; 5. Frank, daughter, Fort Payne; 6. Olena, Ft. Payne; 7. Thomas Cicero, m. Edna Allen, resides in Birmingham; 8. Ella, Fort Payne; 9. Nina, Fort Payne. Last resi dence: Fort Payne. DOBBS, SAMUEL L, Methodist minister, member of the North Alabama conference. Res idence: Gadsden. DOCKERY, JAMES C, professor of modern languages at the University of Alabama, Tus caloosa, 1842-50. He held the degree of A. M. DODD, JESSE, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 77, and a resident of Law rence County; private N. C. Continental Line; enrolled on September 6, 1817, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from September 25, 1818; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $1,124.72. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DODSON, ELIJAH M„ major, 1st Confederate infantry, C. S. Army. DODSON, JOHN L., teacher, was born April 10, 1836, in Georgia, and died at Oxford; son of Samuel and Rebecca (Gardner) Dodson, natives, respectively, of Greene and De Kalb Counties, Ga., the former of whom was a sol dier in the War of 1812; grandson of Joshua Dodson, a native of Virginia, whose father came to America from England; and of Chris topher Gardner, who came from Ireland early in the eighteenth century because of political troubles, settled in Pennsylvania, fought in the Revolution and was severely wounded at the battle of Brandywine. He was brother of James W. Dodson, a farmer in Texas, veteran of the Florida War and the War of Secession; of Joshua M. Dodson, who was quartermaster in the Trans-Mississippi department, C. S. Army, and died in Texas; of Christopher C. Dodson, a lieutenant in the Mexican War, commander of a troop of Indians from Arizona in the War of Secession, who died in Tucson, Ariz.; of Elijah M. Dodson, major of the First Georgia regiment, C. S. Army, and an attorney-at-law at Chattanooga, Tenn.; and of George W. Dod son, a farmer in Georgia who served in the Fifty-first Alabama regiment, C. S. Army. Mr. Dodson obtained his education in Georgia from a boarding school, the county academy, and from Davidson college, North Carolina. He came to Alabama in 1860; taught school at Jacksonville for one year, and at various places in Alabama and Georgia during the War of Secession; returned to Calhoun County at the close of the war and taught at Brock's school- house two years; located at Oxford in 1868, and, associated with W. J. Borden, founded Oxford male and female college, becoming sole owner and proprietor of the school the next year. Soon after his retirement from college work, he was appointed State superintendent of Education, serving in that capacity from 1900 to 1904. He was a Presbyterian, an Odd Fel low, and a Mason. Married: July, 1883, at Oxford, Fannie S. Gladden, daughter of James A. and Martha (Kelly) Gladden, of that place. Last residence: Oxford. DODSON, MARVIN NAPOLEON, business man, was born August 10, 1885, at Heflin, Cle burne County; son of Charles Franklin and Sarah Elizabeth (Rooks) Dodson, of Heflin, the former the editor of the Cleburne "News"; grandson of John Peter and Elizabeth Pendleton (Gaines) Dodson, of Heflin, the former a soldier in the C. S. Army; great-grandson of Edmond Dodson, a North Carolinian who came to Alabama from Fayette County, Ga., in the year 1831, settling in Benton, later Calhoun, now Cleburne County, and had served in the War of 1812 although only fourteen years old. Representative Dodson was educated in common schools and high school. He is the business manager of the Troy Herald and the Troy 496 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Printing company; and was elected to the leg islature from Pike County in 1918. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Royal Arch Ma son; Scottish Rite, Knight Templar and Shrin- er; a Knight of Pythias; an Elk; and a Wood man of the World. He is unmarried. Residence : , Heflin. DONALD, HEZEKIAH, planter, was a native of Conecuh County, and died in 1861, near Belle ville. He was one of the most prominent men of Conecuh County and a successful planter. Last residence: Near Belleville. DONALD, JAMES MARION, physician, was born October 4, 1863, at Harrell; son of Dr. Jo seph Marion and Kate Craig (Chrisholm) Donald (q. v.). Dr. Donald was educated in the common schools of Harrell and the Sum merfield male school. He graduated from the medical department of the University of Ala bama, at Mobile, in March, 1884, and the same year entered upon the practice at Marion Junc tion, Dallas County; was health officer for one term and for many years was censor of the Dallas County medical society. He is a Demo crat; a Presbyterian; a Mason and a Knight of Pythias. In 1913 on .the organization of the Marion Junction State bank, he was chosen president and chairman of the board of di rectors. Married: May 7, 1885, at Harrell, to Kate M., daughter of Rev. J. M. and Jennie C. Young, the former for twenty-five years pastor of Prosperity church. Children: 1. Lucille, m. Dr. Lawrence H. Moore, of Orrville; 2. Dr. Joseph Glenn (q. v.), m. Elsie Weeks; 3. Pressly Young, an A. B. graduate, whose med ical course was taken at Tulane University. Residence: Marion Junction. DONALD, JOSEPH GLENN, physician, was born March 14, 1887, at Marion Junction; son of Dr. James Marion and Kate M. (Young) Donald (q. v.). Dr. Donald was educated in Marion Junction high school, and at the Uni versity of Alabama. He graduated in Tulane University, M. D., 1911, and at once began the practice at Marion Junction, in associa tion with his father. At this point father, son and grandson have practiced since 1856. He is a member of the Associate Reformed Presby terian church. Married: January 25, 1910, in New Orleans, La., to Elvie, daughter of J. M. and Katie Weeks, of Pilot Point, Tex. Resi dence: Marion Junction. DONALD, JOSEPH MARION, physician, was born near Cedar Springs church, in Abbeville County, S. C, July 2, 1830, and died near Har rell, Dallas County, September 5, 1903; son of West and Margaret (Caldwell) Donald. The Donalds are of ancient Scotch lineage. The American family tree began with Alexander Donald who married and emigrated to Vir ginia about 1700. Many years later members removed to South Carolina. On the death of her husband, the mother of Dr. Donald, when he was but twelve years old, moved with her family to Dallas County. With the financial help extended to her by William Johnson, a large benefactor to Erskine college, Mrs. Don ald sent her two sons, James G. and Joseph M., to that institution where they graduated in 1850. Again aided by the same friend, she next sent them to Tulane university, New Orleans, where they graduated in medicine, March, 1854. Dr. Donald practiced his pro fession one year in Selma, and then settled down in his home neighborhood where his life was spent. He saw service in the Confederacy Dr. Donald was a Democrat; and a Presby terian. Married: January 18, 1859, at Har rell, to Bettie, daughter of Patrick and Katie (Craig) Chisholm, who emigrated from Ire land about 1818 to South Carolina, whence he walked to Dallas County, where he entered land, married, and in time accumulated a fine estate, and became the father of nine children Dr. Donald had an only child: 1. James M. (q v.), m. Kate M. Young. Last residence: Har- DONNELL, ROBERT, major, 22nd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. DORLON, PHELAN B., business man, public official, was born January 2, 1854, in Mobile County; son of Nathan M. and Martha (Lyons) Dorlon, natives respectively of Hempstead, Long Island, and Mobile County, the former of whom came to Mobile County in 1836, and engaged in merchandising most of his life- grandson of Oliver and Nancy (Thurston) Dor lon, natives of Brooklyn, N. Y., and of Paul and Rosalia (Ballard) Lyons, the former a native of Alabama who fought in the Revolu tion and lived to be one hundred eleven years old. He attended the neighborhood schools, worked on his father's farm and in his store during his boyhood and early manhood; lo cated in Mobile in 1877 where he spent four years in the grocery business; was elected coroner of Mobile County, 1879, and served that office for four years; after one defeat for the office, was elected sheriff of Mobile County, August 5, 1893, by the largest majority ever given a candidate for that position in that county, and held the office four years; founded the Bayou La Batre Canning Company and was general manager of the company; managed the Gulf City Pickling Works for three years; was elected tax collector of Mobile County by an overwhelming majority in 1900, and occupies that position at this time. He was a member of the city council from the sixth ward for three years; was a member of Battery A, Ala bama state artillery, serving as first sergeant for eight years, and is now an honorary mem ber of that organization. He is a Democrat, and has often served as a delegate to the different party conventions. Mr. Dorlon is a Catholic; a member of the Knights of Pythias- the Order of Elks; the Knights of Honor; the American Legion of Honor; the Ancient Or der of United Workmen; and of the Odd Fel lows. Married: December 18, 1877, Sarah J. Case, daughter of John and Ann Case, of Mo bile, the former of whom enlisted in the Emer ald Guards, C. S. Army, and was killed at Newmarket Bridge, Yorktown, Va., being the first Mobile soldier who lost his life in the War of Secession. Children : 1. Sybil, m. John West WILLIAM T. UNDERWOOD DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 499 who is deceased; 2. George A. Residence: Mobile. DORMAN, THOMAS WILMER, Methodist minister, for a number of years a resident of Alabama, was born in 1805 at Salisbury, Md., and died July 2, 1869, in Mobile. At an early age he removed to Alexandria, D. C, and at the age of twenty to Middleburg, Loudoun County, Va. At the latter place, he came In direct contact with Methodism and on July 29, 1831, was converted; in 1834, he received license to exhort; in September, 1835, was licensed to preach; ordained a deacon, 1837; and admitted to the conference at the session held in Tuscaloosa, 1839. He was at once ap pointed secretary to the conference, which po sition he held for the next twenty years. He served the Valley Creek circuit, 1840-42; Greensboro, 1842-3; Livingston, 1844-46; Frank lin street church, Mobile, 1846-48; Mobile dis trict, 1848; Demopolis district, 1849-51; Colum bus, Miss., 1852-53; Franklin street church, Mo bile 1854-55; Montgomery, 1856-57; Marion, 1858-59?- Selma, 1860; had charge of the con ference depository, Mobile, 1861-65, at the same time having charge of the State street colored church; St. Paul's church, Mobile, 1866; and again returned to the Mobile district 1867-68. On account of ill health he was superannuated, at the 1868 conference. Last residence: Mo bile. DORTCH, ISAAC FOOTE, physician, was born May 23, 1817, on a plantation in Nash County, N. C, and died December 25, 1866, at Camden; son of William and Drusilla (Whit field) Dortch of Nash County. He received his early education in the common schools of his native county, and entered the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. He studied medi cine in Philadelphia in the thirties of the nine teenth century and entered upon the practice in Sumter County, later removing to Wilcox County. He was a member of the Alabama leg islature from Sumter County, 1842. He was a Democrat? Episcopalian; and Mason. Married: May Ann, daughter of Walter Raleigh and (Ross) Ross (q. v.). Children: 1. Celestia, deceased, m. William G. Fail; 2. Ella, m. Wil liam G. Fail, her deceased sister's husband, Idabel, Okla; 3. Walter Ross, (q. v.); 4. Annie R., m. L. A. George, deceased; 5. Parthenia, m. Winston H. Boykin, deceased. Last residence: Camden. DORTCH,. JOHN B., merchant, was born in Monroe, La., August 25, 1862; son of Robert and Mary Bethune (Martin) Dortch, the former of North Carolina, and the latter of Missis sippi, who later removed to Tennessee where she subsequently re-married; grandson of Wil liam Eaton and Ann Pendleton (Cobb) Dortch; great-grandson of Rev. John Cobb, a Methodist minister. He was largely educated at home by his mother; worked in a printing office, 1878- 1880; was a clerk at Lake City, Fla., 1880- 1883; worked in a railroad office in Jackson ville, Fla., removing to Washington, D. C, later to Virginia; attended Amherst college one year; moved to Alabama, in October, 1886, and clerked in a store at Martins Station, Dal las County, three years; in partnership with E. B. Martin three years; next became partner in wholesale grocery firm of Moore, Korne- gay & Co., at Selina, which after several changes became Atkins, Dortch & Co. He is an Episcopalian, and an Odd Fellow. Mar ried: in April, 1890, to Louise Pegues, of Ox ford, Miss. Residence: Selma. DORTCH, WALTER ROSS, lawyer, was born September 28, 1847, at Dortch plantation, Wil cox County; son of Isaac Foote and Mary Ann (Ross) Dortch (q. v.). He received his early education in the common schools of Wilcox County; graduated from the University of Ala bama, A. B., degree, and from Lebanon, Tenn., LL. B.; entered upon the practice of his pro fession in 1868, at Camden; removed to Texas where he remained one year, then returned to Alabama and located in Gadsden. He was the mayor of Camden, 1869-71; and city attorney of Gadsden. He assisted the cadet corps in their efforts to defend their alma mater when the Federal troops invaded Tuscaloosa and burned the University. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; and a Knight of Pythias. Mar ried: Elizabeth Woodward. Children: 1. Mary E. m. James R. Forman, Birmingham; 2. Isaac Foote, unmarried, commander, U. S. Navy; 3. Adalene, unmarried; 4. William Brice, m. Aileen S. Wier, Gadsden. Residence: Gadsden. DOSTER, CHARLES S. G., lawyer, was born in 1830, in Autauga County; son of Absolom and Sarah (Alexander) Doster, natives of Mecklenburg County, N. C, and Greene County, Ga., respectively; grandson of James and Lydia Doster, the former a member of a North Caro lina family of English extraction, and of Ed mond and Mary Alexander who came to Ala bama, settling in what is now Lowndes County, when the state was a vast wilderness, the former of whom was a Virginian by birth, and entered the colonial army when he was but twelve years old. Mr. Doster's father was taken by his parents from North Carolina to Georgia when he was sixteen years old; came with them to Autauga County in 1818 where he engaged in merchandising at old Washing ton, then the oldest town in that part of the state; moved after several years to Prattville where he planted extensively; served in the State legislature, 1840-1841, when the capital was located at Tuscaloosa, being the only Whig that ever represented Autauga County in that body; was a Mason for forty years; and fought in the War of 1812. Col. Doster was reared on the home plantation, received his prepara tory schooling at Rocky Mound Academy; at tended the East Tennessee University and the Centenary College at Jackson, La., being graduated from the latter institution in 1853. He had read law for some years before his graduation in the office of ex-Gov. Watts, and was admitted to the bar in 1851; was elected justice of the peace; served as superintendent of education of Autauga County from 1854 to 1861; was colonel of militia before the War of Secession, and during that struggle was commandant of the militia stationed at Pratt- 500 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ville. After the close of the war, Col. Doster served in the State legislature until the Re publicans gained control of the state, being chairman of the committee on education and a member of the judiciary committee; and in 1872 was elected to the State senate for four years, serving in that body as chairman of the committee on privileges and elections, and as a member of the judiciary committee. He re signed before the expiration of his term, to run for the position of circuit judge in which race he was defeated. He had been a member and one of the secretaries of the Democratic na tional convention which met at Philadelphia in 1866 to sustain President Andrew Johnson in his reconstruction policy; was a large stock holder and a director in the Prattville Cotton Mills & Banking Company; was chairman of the board of stewards of the Methodist Episco pal church; served as president for many years of the board of school trustees of the Prattville Male and Female Academy; and was a Mason. Married: In 1854, Caroline E. Slaton, daughter of John and Nancy (Harris) Slaton, natives of Kentucky and Georgia, who settled in Autauga County in 1835 where Mr. Slaton engaged in planting until his death in 1846; sister of Maj. William F. Slaton, who served in the army of the Tennessee, was wounded and captured at Corinth, served for a time in a Federal prison, and after the war became superintendent of education at Atlanta, Ga., and of Capt. Henry H. Slaton, a veteran of the C. S. Army, who became a member of the Florida legislature, but later moved to Arkan sas in which state he died. Children: 1. Mary Tulula, m. W. W. Reynolds; 2. Charles E., a lawyer and planter; 3. Corrine, m. J. L. Alex ander; 4. Howard S. (q. v.), editor and propri etor of the Prattville "Progress"; 5. Carrie M. Last residence: Prattville. DOSTER, HOWARD SLATON, editor, planter, lawyer, manufacturer, and legislator, was born in 1870, at Prattville; son of Charles S. G. and Caroline E. (Slaton) Doster (q. v.); grandson of John and Nancy (Harris) Slaton, of Autauga County; great-grandson of Edmond and Mary Alexander. Senator Doster was educated at the Prattville male and female academy; gradu ated B. S., 1890, at the Agricultural and me chanical college, Auburn; and spent 1894-95, at Vanderbilt university as a student. He is the editor of "The Prattville Progress," and is a lawyer, planter, and manufacturer. He was a member of the house of representatives, 1898-99, and 1900-01; State senator in 1907 from the fifteenth, district; and president of the Alabama press association 1907-08. He is a Democrat; Knight of Pythias; Knight of Honor; and a Methodist. Married: Mrs. Birdie (Inzer) Robinson. Children: a daughter. Residence: Prattville. DOSTER, JAMES JARVIS, educator, was born December 20, 1873, near Ariton, Dale County; son of Simeon Jarvis and Sarah (Tucker) Doster, the former of whom was born in Mecklenburg County, N. C, 1825 taught school for forty-six years in Midway, Clayton and Troy, retiring in his old age to his farm in Dale County, and represented Dale County in the State legislature in 1876; grand son of Joel and Mary (Winchester) Doster who lived first in. Mecklenburg County, N. C, moved in 1836 to Talbot County, Ga., and in 1846 to Dale County where they lived for the rest of their lives, and of James and Eliza (Daniel) Tucker who lived at White Oak Springs, Bar bour County. The Doster family originally came from England and settled in North Caro lina before the Revolution. Prof. Doster was prepared in private schools taught by his father, in the Bowen School at Ozark, and in the Southeast Alabama Agricultural School at Abbeville. At the age of sixteen he began teaching in the country schools of Dale County; taught for seven years in that county; entered the State Normal College at Troy, becoming principal of the high school department of the college, 1900-1902, and was graduated, Ph.B., 1902; was assistant in Latin and professor of manual arts in that institution, 1902-1907; took the B. S. degree from the Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, 1906, and the A. M. degree from the same college, 1909; served as professor of secondary education in The University of Alabama, 1907-1911; was appointed professor of philosophy and educa tion, and dean of the School of Education of that University in 1911, and has held those positions, as well as that of director of the summer school, from that time to the present. Prof. Doster is a member of the Southern University Commission for the Scien tific Study of Race Problems; member of the board of directors of the Alabama Teachers and Pupils Reading Circle; member of the executive committee of the Alabama Educational Associa tion; of the Alabama Text Book Commis sion; has been secretary and treasurer of the Association of Alabama Colleges since 1910; is a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science; of the Society of College Teachers of Education ; of the Southern Council of Education; of the National Educa tional Association; of the Southern Educational Association; and of the National Society for the Promotion of Industrial Education. He was state inspector of the county high schools of Alabama, 1908-1911; and is author of a course of study for those schools. He is a Democrat; a Knight of Pythias; and a Method ist. Married: August 11, 1909, at Troy, Mabel Cowart, daughter of Fletcher J. and Martha (Sanders) Cowart, of Troy. Children: James Fletcher, b. December 8, 1912. Residence: University. DOSTER, JAMES PARKER, teacher, was born December 20, 1879, at Elamville, Barbour County; son of Obed Clay and Lydia Ann (Barr) Doster, natives of Barbour County, the former who was a teacher and farmer in Dale County, moved to Newton in 1885, and estab lished the Newton "Messenger," a weekly news paper, which he edited and published for five years, studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1887, and practices law at Ozark; grand son of Obed Clay and Mary (Campbell) Dos ter, who lived near Elamville, the former a native of Union County, N. C, who was taken DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 501 to Talbot County, Ga., by his parents when quite young, and in 1819 moved to Alabama, and settled in Dale County, and of John Par ker Barr, a farmer, who lived at Linwood. He attended the public schools of Newton, and the Baptist collegiate institute, at that place, and was the first graduate of the department of edu cation at the University of Alabama, receiving the degree of bachelor of science in education, 1911. After his graduation, he took special work under Dr. F. B. Dressier of the depart ment of education of the United States. For eight years before entering the University, he taught in the public schools of the state. He was founder and first principal of Aliceville academy; was assistant in physics in the Uni versity of Alabama, 1910-1911; and was super intendent of city schools at Florala, 1911-1914. He is a Democrat; a Missionary Baptist; a Roy al Arch Mason; a Woodman of the World; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: June 2, 1901, near Campbellton, Fla., to Minnie Frances Powell, daughter of Hosea and Ida Kite Powell, who lived at that place. Children: 1. Percy J.; 2. Rubye Frances; 3. Gilbert Burns; 4. Edwin Lee; 5. Lydia Annette; 6. Ida Kite. Residence: Florala. DOSWELL, ISAAC MORGAN, farmer and teacher, was born August 25, 1845, near Abbe ville, Henry County; son of Thomas and Eliza beth (Morgan) Doswell, the former of Prince Edward Court House, Prince Edward County, Va., the latter of Twiggs County, Ga.; grand son of Thomas Doswell of Prince Edward Coun ty, Va.; and of Isaac Morgan of Twiggs County, Ga. Mr. Doswell attended school in Abbeville, and served through the War of Se cession as a member of Co. I, Seventeenth Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. After peace Was established, he farmed and taught school. He was elected to the lower house of the State legislature in 1911 as a Democrat. Married: September 26, 1866, at Abbeville, to Eveline Gordon Danzey. Residence: Abbeville. DOUGHERTY, ROBERT, lawyer, was born 1805, in Clarke County, Ga., and died October, 1868, in Macon County; son of Maj. Dougherty of Georgia, who married a Mrs. Puryear; brother of Hon. Charles Dougherty, distin guished in the legislative and judicial history of Georgia, in whose honor a county of that state has been named, and of William Dough erty, esq., a lawyer of Atlanta, Ga. He was of Irish ancestry. Judge Dougherty was edu cated at the University of Georgia; read law in Georgia with his brother Charles; located in Troup County to practice law and engage in planting; represented that county in the Georgia legislature; came in 1837 to Alabama, settling in Macon County where he became the law partner of Hon. N. W. Cocke; was elected to the State senate, representing Macon and Tallapoosa Counties, 1843; and when the selec tion of judges was transferred to the populace in 1850, he was elected to the bench of the circuit court over the incumbent, Hon. John J. Woodward of Talladega. He filled the position for eighteen years, defeating Hon. John T. Heflin of Randolph in 1856, and was finally forced from office by the reconstruction acts in 1868. He was a Whig. Married: Miss Watkins of Georgia. He left several children. Last residence: Macon County. DOUGLAS, ALVIN MANSFIELD, lawyer, was born August 5, 1876, on a farm near Cor dova, Walker County; son of John A. and Georgia Ann (Sumner) Douglas, the former of whom was born at Turkey Creek, Tuscaloosa County, and lived near Jasper, until his mar riage, when he moved near Cordova, is a farmer, and for a few years was a merchant; grandson of George and Martha Ann Douglas, who lived near Jasper, and of John Buckner and Emily Sumner, who also lived near Jasper. He received his early education in the country schools in Walker County, at Jasper high school, and at Lamar training school for boys; and attended the University of Alabama, being graduated from the law school there in 1903. He began the practice of law in June, 1903, at Jasper; moved to Gadsden in 1904, and entered a partnership with G. D. Motley; moved to Birmingham in 1906; and since that time has conducted his profession there. He was clerk of the judiciary committee of the lower house of the legislature, 1907-1911; acted as judge of the recorder's court of Birmingham a number of times; and supplied the place of the regular judge while the latter was on his vacation, 1912 and 1913. He is a Democrat; a Missionary Baptist, serving as secretary of the Baptist Young Peoples' Union for some years, and as clerk of the Birmingham Baptist Association; is past chancellor commander of the Knights of Pythias; past chief of Ben Hur; and past commander of the Knights of the Maccabees. Residence : Birmingham. DOUGLAS, HARTWELL, business man and president of the board of convict inspectors, was born January 20, 1865, on a farm in Lown des County; son of Dr. James and Eugenia H. (Smith) Douglas, of Lowndesboro, the former served two years in "Stonewall" Jackson's Brigade, C. S. Army, the latter was the niece of Dixon H. Lewis (q. v.) ; grandson of Archi bald and Eugenia H. Douglas, and of Dr. H. V. Smith and his wife a Miss Lewis, also of Lowndesboro. He was educated in the public and private schools of Montgomery. Prior to his appointment as president of the board of inspectors of convicts, April 7, 1913, and for the past twenty-five years he was engaged in the real estate business in Montgomery. He is a Democrat; and an Episcopalian. Married: November 15, 1892, in Montgomery, to Addie J., daughter of William E. and Mary C. (Boyd) McGehee, and granddaughter of Abner McGe hee (q. v.), of Montgomery County. Children: 1. Adeline J.; 2. Elizabeth. Residence: Mont gomery. DOW, MRS. J. C, sr., author and writer. Residence: Birmingham. DOWDELL, ANNE (WHITFIELD), patriotic and civic worker, was born in LaGrange, Troup County, Ga.; daughter of Matthew Staten and Martha Matilda (Broughton) Whitfield, the for- 502 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY mer also a native of Troup County, Ga., a planter, entered the Confederate Army as a private in the LaGrange light guards April 26, 1861, known as Co. B, 4th Georgia regiment, Doles-Cook brigade, was twice wounded, the second time at the battle of Chancellorsville, transferred to the Co. D, Phillip's legion, cav alry, as sergeant and surrendered with Gen eral Lee at Appomattox, 1865; granddaughter of Horatio T. and Ann Taylor (Gibson) Whit field, and of Edward and Sarah Ann (Lackey) Broughton, all of LaGrange, Ga. Revolution ary ancestors were Captain Luke Whitfield and John Gibson, both from South Carolina, and on the maternal line, John Cookson Davis, a native of Hanover County, Va., who took part in the battles of Valley Forge, Monmouth, and Stoney Point, and died in Autauga County, February 3, 1835. Colonial ancestors were Thomas Lackey of Georgia, and Gov. Thomas Broughton of South Carolina, 1735-39. Mrs. Dowdell was educated at the Southern female college, LaGrange, Ga., from which institution she graduated in 1884. She was president of the Alabama division, United daughters of the Confederacy, 1901-03; recording secretary-gen eral, United daughters of the Confederacy, 1906-10; organizer of the Robert E. Lee chap ter, United daughters of the Confederacy, Ope lika, 1898, and served as its president, 1901; treasurer, Alabama division, Daughters of the American Revolution, 1900-05; corresponding secretary, Woman's missionary society, Ala bama conference, 1910. Married: Andrew Lipscomb Dowdell. Residence: Opelika. DOWDELL, JAMES FERGUSON, lawyer, representative in Congress, was born November 26, 1818, in Jasper County, Ga., and died Sep tember, 1871, at Auburn; son of Lewis Jeffer son Dowdell, a native of Virginia, of Irish ex traction, who at an early age emigrated to Kentucky, and soon after to Georgia. Col. Dowdell's mother, whose maiden name was Farley, was also a Virginian, a native of Pow- hattan, and a distant relative of Henry Clay. She died when her son was a child, and he was reared in the family of William C. Thomas, his uncle. He studied under Lemuel Robertson, esq., a classical teacher in LaGrange, Troup County, Ga.; entered Randolph Macon college, Virginia, from which institution he was gradu ated at the head of his class in 1840; returned to Georgia and read law in the office of Gen. Hugh A. Haralson at LaGrange; and was ad mitted to the bar April, 1841, at Greenville, Ga. In 1846, having determined to retire from the practice of law, Col. Dowdell moved with his family to Chambers County, settled on a farm and devoted himself for some years to agriculture. He was ordained to the Methodist Episcopal ministry in 1848, and during his life, spent much time as local preacher. In 1849, he was induced by Democratic friends to canvass for a seat in the State legislature, and during this canvass, although defeated at the polls, Col. Dowdell established his reputation as de bater and stump speaker. He again canvassed the state in 1851, on the issue raised by the compromise measures between the Southern Rights men and the Union party, for a seat in the legislature, was defeated due to his party's minority, but polled a heavier vote than the strength of the party accounted for. The next year, he was made an elector on the Pierce and King presidential ticket; was elected to congress in 1853, defeating Hon. Thomas G. Garrett of Calhoun by more than a three thousand majority; was reelected two years later over Hon. Thomas H. Watts after a close contest; and was returned in 1857 with a majority of eighty votes over Hon. Thomas H. Judge of Montgomery. At the end of his third term in congress, he voluntarily retired from the position. He represented Chambers County in the state convention of 1861, and voted for secession. In the winter of that year, he raised the Thirty-seventh Alabama infantry of which he was elected colonel; led it at Corinth, and shared its privations and dangers up to and through the siege of Vicksburg; but the ex posure was too great for him, and when paroled, lie was forced by his feeble health to retire. He refused to resign because he thought it an evil example, but was finally retired by a medi cal board. After the war, Col. Dowdell moved to Auburn, where he was president of the East Alabama Female College until shortly before his death in 1871. He had served for some years as steward of his circuit of the Methodist Episcopal church, and as secretary of the board of trustees of Oak Bowery Female College. Married: In 1842, in Georgia, Sarah H. Render, daughter of Hon. James Render, of Meri wether County, Ga. The oldest of his children was a lawyer in Opelika. Last residence: Au burn. DOWDELL, JAMES RENDER, lawyer and chief justice Alabama supreme court, was born April 2, 1847, in Chambers County; son of James Ferguson and Sarah H. (Render) Dow dell, the former a Methodist minister, a mem ber of congress, member of the Secession con vention of 1861, colonel of the 37th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, president East Alabama male college, Auburn; grandson of James Render of Georgia, for many years judge of Meriwether County. Judge Dowdell was edu cated in the common schools of the towns of Lafayette and Auburn; was at the University of Alabama, 1864-65, and participated In all the exciting events in connection with the burning of the institution by the Federals. He graduated from the East Alabama male col lege, Auburn, with the degree of A. B. in the close of 1867. He began the practice of law at Opelika, in 1870; was solicitor of the ninth judicial circuit for four years, 1876 to 1880; judge of the fifth circuit; chancellor of the northeastern division, and in 1898 was elected associate justice of the State supreme court, re elected in 1904, and again in 1906; appointed chief justice, February 8, 1909, and elected November 8, 1910, for six years. He resigned his exalted judicial position, January, 1914. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: (1) September 6, 1871, at Lafayette, to Rosie Tuener, (2) December 12, 1878, to Ella May, daughter of Johnathan Ware. Children: by the DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 503 second wife, 1. Annie Love, m. William A. Den- son, Birmingham; 2. Sarah, d. young; 3. Ren der, deceased. Residence: Opelika. DOWELL, SPRIGHT, teacher, State superin tendent of education, and college president, was born January 2, 1878, at Cary, Wake County, N. C; son of George James and Tran- nia (Yates) Dowell, the former a native of Alexandria, Va., but later a resident of North Carolina; grandson of Albert Higgins and Ro- sina (Duffey) Dowell, the former a native of Alexandria, Va., who moved to North Carolina and both celebrated teachers, and of Alvis and Mary Jane (Harwood) Yates, of Wake County, N. C; great-grandson of Jeremiah and Elleanor (Violett) Dowell, of Alexandria, Va., and of George, jr., and Rosina (Lotz) Duffey, of the same place, the former a maker of fine brass and dealer in precious metals, the latter the widow of a sea captain, and of- Eli and Willie (Baucom) Yates; great-great-grandson of George Duffey, sr., and wife, who was a Madame Diebel, and formerly Lady Mary Hall, of England, the former a native of Cornwall, England, who emigrated to America and settled in Belhaven, now Alexandria, Va., and of Wil liam, jr., and Mary (Wimberly) Yates; great- great-great-grandson of Lewis and Martha (Barbee) Wimberly, of Bertie County, N. C, and of William Yates, a private in the North Carolina militia of Wake County during the Revolutionary War; great-great-great-great- grandson of Christopher Barbee, and of John and Sarah Yates who removed from Bedford County, Va., to Caswell County, N. C, about the middle of the eighteenth century. Mr. Dowell received his early education in the public schools of North Carolina; graduated from Wake Forest college, N. C, 1896; attended the summer school of the Southern university of Tennessee, 1900-01; Columbia university, sum mer school, 1908-11; received the degree of A. M., Columbia university and teacher's college, 1911, and the honorary degree of LL. D., Uni versity of Alabama, 1920. He was principal of the elementary school, 'Shelby, 1900-02; high school, Columbiana, 1902-07; superintendent, East Lake, 1907-10; principal, Barrett school, Birmingham, 1910-14; chief clerk, department of education, 1914-16; director of institutes, de partment of education, 1916-18; appointed by Gov. Charles Henderson, October 1, 1918, and elected January, 1919, State superintendent of education. He was appointed president of the Alabama polytechnic institute, June 7, 1920. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Author: "Alabama school code," 1919. Married: December 28, 1898, at Aulander, N. C, to Camille, daughter of Abner Williford and Ella Mary (Watson) Early, of that place. Children: 1. William Burton; 2. Camille Beeman; 3. Edwin Early; 4. Mary Bar rett; 5. Spright, jr. Residence: Auburn. DOWLING, ANGUS, Methodist minister, was born February 20, 1834, near Ozark, Dale Coun ty, and died February 8, 1904, at Daleville; son of Noel and Sarah D. (McDonald) Dowling, the former a native of Darlington, S. C, later a resident of Dale County, where he farmed; grandson of Rev. Dempsey and Martha (Stokes) Dowling, of Darlington, S. C, and of John and Sally McDonald of Skipperville;1 great-grandson of John and Nancy (Boutwell) Dowling; great-great-grandson of Robert and Sarah (Guinn) Dowling, who before the Revo lutionary War, moved from Virginia to Jeff ries Creek, S. C; great-great-great -grandson of Robert Dowling, who came to Virginia, prob ably from Ireland, during the 17th century. Mr. Dowling was a man of classical education, and was for forty years a member of the Ala bama conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. Married: in 1865, in Montgom ery County, to Laura Lavinia, daughter ot Dr. Thomas and Sarah Boswell, of that county, the latter a native of Pike County who after her widowhood married Julius C. Alford. Chil dren: 1. Oscar (q. v.) ; 2. Bascom, m. Calla Man- cill, Eufaula; 3. Nettie, d. in childhood; 4. Mar vin, deceased, m. Alberta Byrd, Ozark; 5. Mat- tie, Washington, D. C; 6. Annie, Washington, D. C; 7. Angus, d. in childhood; 8. Noel T., m. Elizabeth Malloy, Minneapolis, Minn.; 9. Gus- sie, Washington, D. C. Last residence: Ozark. DOWLING, DANIEL Y., merchant and leather manufacturer, was born in 1842 in Dale County; son of Noel and Sarah D. (McDonald) Dowling (q. v.), and brother of John W. and Gabriel (q. v.). He attended the public schools of his native county, and enlisted as a private in Co. I, 33rd Alabama infantry regiment, and served throughout the war; was taken prisoner July 3, 1864, at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., and sent to Camp Morton, Ind., where he was held until the close of hostilities. Upon returning home he engaged in farming, but at the end of one year he began merchandising, and in 1870 established in partnership with his brother Noel, a tannery and leather manufacturing business, and which also made shoes and har ness. In 1880 the firm entered upon a general merchandising business. Six years later a branch store was opened at Geneva, but at the end of three years he returned to Ozark, where he devoted himself to his original interests. He assisted in establishing the State bank at Ozark in 1890, and was elected a director, later vice-president; and was a member of the municipal board. He is a Democrat; a Metho dist; and a Mason. Married; November 14, 1865, Rebecca J., daughter of William Dick, a native of North Carolina, who settled in Ala bama in 1822, and whose wife was a native of South Carolina. Children: 1. Early; 2. Marcus; 3. Hart; 4. Young D.; 5. Lannie; 6. Mertie M.; 7. Irene G. Residence: Ozark. DOWLING, GABRIEL P., probate judge and banker, was born August 6, 1848, near Ozark; son of Noel and Sarah Delany (McDonald) Dowling (q. v.). He was educated in the com mon schools; in early manhood entered the store of W. D. Barrow, as a clerk; and from 1870 to 1890 he merchandised in partnership with his brother, John W. Dowling. He was alderman of Ozark about 1874; city clerk, 1882; probate judge of Dale County, 1889-95; president First national bank of Ozark; presi dent Consolidated trading company, New 504 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Brockton; president G. B. Dowling hardware company, at Ozark; director Ozark cotton mill company. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: January 13, 1870, in Ozark, to Zilphia Ann, daughter of Rev. Caswell and Susan (Hooks) Smith, of that place. The former was a native of Georgia, who came to Alabama in 1855; was an ardent advocate of church building and founded a number of churches and Sundy schools throughout the section; first settled at Skipperville, Dale County, and enjoyed farming in connection with his ministerial duties; later lived at Haw Ridge for ten years, but finally settled in Ozark. Children: 1. Willie Gertrude, m. H. M. Ses sions, of Ozark; 2. Horace O, m. Nora Bowen, of Ozark; 3. Harvey C, m. Grace Newborn, of Ozark; 4. Susan, m. Jesse D. Holman, of Ozark; 5. Sallie C, m. John W. Hilliard; 6. James Rosco, m. Frankie Wilson, of Ozark; 7. Albert T. Residence: Ozark. DOWLING, JOHN W., merchant, was born December 6, 1832, in Dale County, and died in Ozark; son of Noel and Sarah D. (McDonald) Dowling (q. v.); and brother of Daniel Y. Dowling (q. v.). He received a limited edu cation in the public schools, but evinced a native ability in handling the affairs of life. He was elected tax collector of Dale County; and later entered the mercantile business. He enlisted in the C. S. Army, in 1861, with the "Dale guards," under Capt. W. T. McCall, and was elected second lieutenant, the organization later becoming Co. F, Seventh Alabama infantry regiment. Later he assisted in raising the "Par tisan Rangers," mustered into service as Co. E, 53rd Alabama cavalry regiment, of which he was made second lieutenant. He was later put in command of a scouting party under Gen. P. D. Roddy and discovered Col. Cornyne, of the U. S. Army, crossing the Tennessee River, a Federal raiding command that burned the cotton factories of Florence. He afterwards did picket duty and was with Gen. Johnston's com mand, and was severely wounded in a skirmish preceding the battle of Atlanta. He was fur- loughed home for convalescence, and there joined the local defense troops. He was elected county superintendent of education during re construction times, but was not permitted by the Republican powers to take office. He taught school and bought a farm in 1867. He was elected to the Alabama legislature, 1882-83, and 1884-86, and was nominated for the senate in 1888 but defeated. He was a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: May 11, 1862, at Tampa, Fla., to Anna J., daughter of John Thompson, a sea faring man, and a native of Massachusetts. Last residence: Ozark. DOWLING, NOEL, farmer, was born Decem ber 25, 1809, in Darlington County, S. C, and died June 15, 1892, at Ozark; son of Rev. Demp- sey and Martha (Stokes) Dowling, of South Carolina, the former a Methodist minister who removed to Alabama in 1826; and grandson of John W. Dowling of Virginia, a Revolutionary soldier of Irish origin. Mr. Dowling received a common school education in South Carolina and was always the patron of schools and helped build up a religious influence in the pioneer country of his adoption. He was for sixty-one years a farmer in Dale County. Mar ried: in 1831, to Sarah Delany, daughter of John MacDonald, a native of Scotland, who emigrated to America, settled in Jasper County, Ga., and later located in Dale County. Chil dren: 1. John W. (q. v.); 2. Daniel Y. (q. v.); 3. Noel P. of Ozark; 4. Gabriel P. (q. v.); 5. Angus; 6. 7. 8. 9. Last residence: Ozark. DOWLING, OSCAR, physician and Louisiana State health officer, was born October 29, 1866, near China Grove, Montgomery County; son of Rev. Angus and Laura Lavinia (Boswell) Dowling, the former a native of Dale County, a Methodist minister, for forty-seven years a member of the Alabama conference; grandson of Noel and Sarah (McDonald) Dowling (q. v.), and of Thos. C. and Martha Thomason (Herrin) Boswell, of Montgomery County. He attended school at Ramer, and the Athens col legiate institute, graduated at Vanderbilt uni versity, M. D., 1888, and took post graduate courses at New York, Chicago, and New Orleans polyclinics, New York eye and ear infirmary, and clinics at Paris, Mexico City, London and Berlin. He prepared to be a specialist in eye, ear, nose and throat diseases; was house sur geon, assistant to surgeon in charge, in the Ear, eye, nose and throat hospital, New Orleans, 1896-99; was oculist and aurist in the State charity hospital, Shreveport, La.; member Louisiana State board of health, 1906-08; presi dent State board of health, 1910, reappointed, 1912 and 1916; president Tri-State medical association, 1905-06; president Parish medical society, 1908-09; president Physicians' and sur geons' club, 1909-10; secretary-treasurer South ern medical association, 1907-10; president Louisiana State medical society, 1907-08 ; editor Medical recorder, changed to Journal Southern medical association, 1908, associate editor, 1910-13; member American medical associa tion; member National drainage congress, 1912-13; president mosquito commission of Na tional drainage congress; member Royal in stitute of public health, London, England. He is 1st lieutenant U. S. Army reserve corps. He originated the idea of operating the Louis iana health trains, by which demonstrations were made on health subjects to the people of the State and other sections. He is a Demo crat; a Methodist; Shriner; Knight of Pythias; Elk; and a Woodman of the World. Unmar ried. Residence: New Orleans, La. DOX, PETER MYNERT, lawyer, representa tive in congress, was born September 11, 1813, in Geneva, N. Y., and died April 3, 1891, at Huntsville; son of Abraham Dox, a native of Albany, N. Y., born July 7, 1780, married a Miss Nicholas, was a captain in the War of 1812, served in the State legislature in 1813, was a trustee of Hobart College from 1825 to 1850, and died in Geneva, N. Y., August 19, 1862; grandson of John Nicholas, a representa tive in congress from Virginia, from 1793 to 1801. He was educated in New York, attended Hobart College, and was graduated there in 1833. He remained at Hobart College as a tutor DR. BARNEY D. SIBLEY DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 507 for a year after his graduation; received his M. A. degree there in 1837; studied law and was admitted to the bar. He represented his district in the New York legislature in 1841, and was elected judge of Ontaria County, N. Y. He moved to Alabama in 1855, locating in Madi son County and represented that county in the state constitutional convention of 1865. He was elected a representative in the Forty- first congress, 1869, and was re-elected by a large majority over Judge Standifer of Chero kee the following year. He declined further service at the end of his term in 1871. He served as a trustee of Hobart College from 1847 to 1856. Married: Miss Pope, of Madison County. Last residence: Huntsville. DOYLE, EDWARD, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 76, and a resident of Blount County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on July 31, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; an nual allowance, $87.50. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in Part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DOYLE, JOHN DANIEL, business man and legislator, was born May 1, 1854, near Thomas ville, Clarke County; son of Bartlett Smith and Eliza S. (Bouler) Doyle, the former served in the 38th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of Jesse and Mary Jane (Barr) Doyle, both of Clarke County, and of John W. and Mary Jane (Abney) Bouler, who came from South Carolina to Clarke County. He was 'educated in the common schools of Clarke County. He has been a member of the Dem ocratic committee of his county for twenty- five years; in 1892 was elected one of the board of county commissioners and served for several years. He is a Baptist; and a Mason. Married: December 26, 1878, to Irene Eliza beth, daughter of Samuel David and Mary (McClinton) Miller, of near Coffeeville. Chil dren: 1. Clarence E.; 2. Conrad F.; 3. Carlos M.; 4. Commer S. B.; 5. Clodie E. Residence: Salitpa. DOYLE, WILLIAM BOWLES, farmer, was born August 27, 1839, at Clarksville, Clarke County; son of Bartlett Smith and Eliza S. (Bowles) Doyle; grandson of Jesse and Jane (Barr) Doyle, of Clarksville, who emigrated from South Carolina to Clarke County, and bought the lands on which Uniontown is sit uated, and of John W. and Mary (Abney) Bowles, also emigrants from South Carolina to Clarke County, and who lived at Choctaw Corner, the former of whom was sheriff of the county for several terms. Mr. Doyle received his education in the schools of Clarke County; served in Co. A., forty-third Alabama regiment. C. S. Army until the surrender; has farmed in Clarke and Marengo Counties; and was elected to the State legislature in 1907. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Mason. Married: to Lillie Ann, daughter of Joel B. and Jane (Dunning) Dixon, of Dixon's Mills. Residence : Dixon's Mills, Marengo County. Vol. Ill— 38 DOZIER, ORION THEOPHILUS, physician, was born August 18, 1848, at Glenalter, Marion County, Ga.; son of Dr. Thomas Henry and Martha Starns (Davie) Dozier, the former of whom, a Methodist minister, was born near Wrightsboro, Columbia County, Ga., was a hos pital surgeon with the rank of major in the C. S. Army, and died at Rome, Ga.; grandson of Thomas and Kate (White) Dozier, who lived near Wrightsboro, the former a soldier in the Indian War of 1812, and of William and Ruby (Wellborn) Davie, of Lincoln County, Ga.; great-grandson of James and Elizabeth (Staples) Dozier, of Pee Dee River Settlement, the former one of Marion's men who fought at King's Mountain, and of Abraham Marshall, author, missionary and soldier; great-great- grandson of Leonard Dozier, of Luxenburg County, Va., who gave material aid to the Vir ginia colony in the Revolution, and of Daniel Marshall, an Indian fighter and founder and first pastor of Kiokee church, the first Baptist church established in Georgia. The Doziers were French Huguenots, who emigrated to Eng land and then to Virginia, the first of the name coming to America with Capt. John Smith. Dr. Dozier attended private schools in Atlanta, Ga., and the Male academy at Eufaula; was graduated from the Atlanta Medical college, M. D., 1874, and took a special course of lec tures in the medical department of the Illinois university; began to practice at Attalla, 1874; moved to Cherokee County and practiced two years; practiced at Portageville, New Madrid County, Mo., three years, then at Rome, Ga., finally locating at Birmingham in 1890, where he established a medical institute. He served in Co. A, Second regiment, Georgia volunteers, through the War of Secession; is a Democrat and an Odd Fellow. He is author of "Foibles of Fancy and Rhymes of the Times," 1894; "A Galaxy of Southern Heroes and Other Poems," 1905; "Poems by Orion T. Dozier," Neal Publishing Company, New York, 1905. Dr. Dozier invented a railway switch, a nut lock, a portable elevator and fire escape, a hame for harness, an automatic elevator door, a combination bottle and syringe, and a rapid fire gun. Married: April 30, 1874, at Atlanta, Ga., Elizabeth Lewis Powers, daughter of George R. and Tabitha Jane (Williams) Pow ers, of Campbell County, Ga.; granddaughter of George R. and Mary (Gilmer) Powers, the latter of whom was a sister of Gov. George R. Gilmer of Georgia, and of Mrs. Benn S. Bibb, for whom the Sophie-Bibb chapter, U. D. C, was named; and also granddaughter of John and Lilly (Taylor) Williams, the latter a cousin of President Zachary Taylor, and a relative of the Merryweather and Lewis fami lies. Children: 1. Byron, physician, first lieu tenant, Fifth regiment, U. S. Volunteers, in the war with Spain, m. Willie Iduma Doyle, chil dren, one son and one daughter; 2. Martha Lorena, m. Joseph Zinszer, of Birmingham, daughter, Rosa Josephine; 3. Nicholas Fearing, m. Ruby Butler, of Brookhaven, Miss., resides at Valdosta, Ga.; 4. Wellborn Thomas, lawyer, Birmingham; 5. Irma Marie. Residence: Bir mingham. 508 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY DRAKE, JOHN, member of the constitutional convention, 1865, from Madison County. DRAKE, JOHN HODGES, physician; grad uated at the Atlanta medical college in 1867, and commenced the practice in Lee County in 1881; physician and surgeon of the Alabama polytechnic institute. Residence: Auburn. DRAKEFORD, THOMAS C, merchant, was born in 1833, in Kershaw District, S. C; son of John and Sarah A. (Carlos) Drakeford, natives of South Carolina, who farmed in that state until 1836 when they came to Alabama, living in Montgomery and Tuskegee, where Mr. Drakeford became a merchant; grandson of John Drakeford, whose brother William was a colonel in the Revolutionary Army, and of William C. Carlos, a farmer of Montgomery County. The Drakeford family is of English descent, and the Carlos family of Spanish de scent, both introduced into America before the Revolution. Mr. Drakeford was educated at Tuskegee; engaged as a clerk in the mer cantile business at the age of eighteen; estab lished his own firm under the name of T. C. Drakeford & Company, general merchants, some years later, and has remained in that business. He has also extensive real estate interests. In 1862, Mr. Drakeford joined a company of partisan rangers, which was later attached to the Fifty-sixth Alabama regiment of cavalry, and was known as Co. A; served in northern Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, North and South Carolina, and was near Greens boro, N. C, at the surrender. Married: No vember 15, 1870, Mrs. S. C. Dryer, daughter of Benjamin Dryer, a native of North Caro lina, who became an early settler of Mont gomery County. Mrs. Drakeford was the mother of two sons, Thomas and Benjamin Dryer, by her first marriage. Children: 1. John H.; 2. William C. Residence: Tuskegee. DREISBACH, JAMES DENNY, planter and legislator, was born May 24, 1816, at Circle- ville, Ohio, and died in October, 1896, at Little River, Baldwin County. His parents came from Pennsylvania to Ohio on horseback, and settled in the Scioto Valley. His grandparents came from Denmark and settled in Pennsyl vania. He came to Alabama about 1843 and acquired lands in Baldwin County where he engaged in farming. In 1861, he organized, and was captain of, a home guard company, which later disbanded and the members en tered the regular Confederate service. In 1872- 76, he was senator for the district composed of Baldwin, Monroe and Conecuh counties. In collaboration with Dr. Eugene Smith, he pre pared much material on Alabama history. He was an Old Line Whig and opposed secession, but after 1865 was a Democrat; a Mason. Mar ried: November, 1844, near Little River, to Jose phine Bonaparte, daughter of David and Mar garet (Dyer) Tate, of Little River, the former the son of Adam Tate and Sehoy McGilvray, and half-brother to William Weatherford, the Creek warrior, Margaret was the daughter of Reuben Dyer, who was one of the victims of the Fort Mims massacre. Sehoy (McGilvray) Tate was sister of Alexander McGilvray chief of the Creek Indians. All of these are buried together, near Little River, William Weather- ford's home, on the. land now occupied and owned by Charles H. Dreisbach, grandson of Sehoy. Children: 1. Ida, m. Henry Clay Staples; 2. Tate Randolph, Confederate soldier, died .in Camp Chase; 3. Charles Henry, m. Olivia Barnes; 4. Florence, m. A. B. Nyles; 5. Percy Webb; 6. Arthur Carroll; 7. May, m. Dr. Geo. Ogborne; 8. Hattie; 9. Maude, m. Edward Thring; 10. Dr. Lee; 11. Leila, m. Bunn; 12. Clara, m. Walter English; 13. Annie, m. George McCall; 14. Josephine, 2nd wife of Walter English; 15. Roanna, m. Thadeus Bar low. Last residence: Little River. DRENNEN, CHARLES, physician, was born September 6, 1842, in Walker County; son of Rev. Walter B. and Matilda H. (Cornwell) Drennen, natives respectively of Tennessee and Alabama, the former of whom was brought to Alabama in infancy by his parents, was reared in that state, and became a Methodist minister, and a leading Republican, active in state and national politics; brother of Walter Melville Drennen (q. v.). The Drennen an cestors emigrated from Scotland to Ireland, and from the latter country to America, where they settled in South Carolina. Dr. Drennen obtained his early education from the schools of Walker County; entered college at Tusca loosa, leaving his studies in the spring of 1861 to enter the C. S. Army; enlisted in the com pany of Capt. F. A. Gamble; was elected, first lieutenant of Co. F, Twenty-eighth Alabama infantry, which regiment went into service early in 1862 under Col. John W. Frazer and was assigned to the brigade of Gen. Manigault at Corinth, Miss.; served during the seige of Corinth by Halleck's army; took part in Gen. Bragg's invasion of Kentucky in 1862, par ticipating in the battles of Munfordville and Perryville; commanded the company of Capt. Gamble, who had resigned to accept the office of probate judge . of Walker County, at the battle of Murfreesboro, December 31, 1862; and for gallant and meritorious conduct on that field was promoted to captain. The Twen ty-eighth, in that battle, shared in the assault of Manigault's brigade upon the right of Sheri dan's division and was driven back by a heavy fire of artillery and musketry. Though many men had fallen, they returned to the attack a second and a third time, and finally broke the Federal line. In the midst of the fight, Capt. Drennen was wounded in the left arm but continued on the field. He commanded his company at the battle of Chickamauga and during the seige of Chattanooga; was among the captured when Missionary Ridge was taken by Gen. Grant, November 25, 1863, was sent as a prisoner of war to Johnson's Island, and held there until the close of the war. Capt. Drennen had commenced studying medicine in 1867 in his home county, and after the war ended, continued his study, attending lectures in Baltimore and in the Alabama Medical Col lege at Mobile. He was graduated, M. D.. 1873; organized the Walker County Medical Society in 1874, being twice elected president DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 509 of that society; practiced medicine at Arka- delphia for more than ten years; took a post graduate course at the New York Polyclinic in 1885; and moved to Birmingham the next year, where he has continued his practice. He is a member of the State Medical Association; of the Jefferson County Medical Society; and is a contributor to the medical press. He is a Methodist; a Knight of Pythias; a Knight of Honor; and a Knight Templar. Married: in 1863, Elizabeth M. Wilson, daughter of Col. Washington and Melissa (McCarns) Wilson, natives of South Carolina and Alabama re spectively. Children: 1. Dr. C. Travis, physi cian, Hot Springs, Ark.; 2. Dr. Daniel E., formerly his father's partner, Birmingham; 3. Felix M., merchant, Birmingham; 4. Jesse L., lawyer, Birmingham; 5. Walter Earle, vocal ist; 6. daughter, m. J. P. Russell of Birming ham. Last residence: Birmingham. DRENNEN, HUBERT ALBERTO, merchant, graduate Alabama polytechnic institute, with the B. S. degree, 1896. Residence: Birming ham. DRENNEN, WALTER MELVILLE, business man, was born at Arkadelphia, Blount County; son of Rev. Walter Blythe and Matilda H. (Corn well) Drennen, natives, respectively, of Tennessee and Alabama, the former of whom was a Methodist minister; brother of Dr. Charles Drennen (q. v.). The Drennen family is descended from Scotch stock, which emi grated to Ireland, and from Ireland to America, settling in South Carolina. Members of the family were in the Revolutionary war; one was a major at the surrender of Yorktown, others fought with Moultrie, and still others were bushwhackers. The families lived in the country and were landowners. Mr. Drennen attended the common schools at Arkadelphia; settled in Birmingham in early life and en tered the business world. He was elected mayor of Birmingham for three terms; is a member of the firm of Drennen & Company; a director of the Birmingham Mutual Fire In surance Company; president of the Martin Cracker Company; manager of the Palos Coal & Coke Company; and president of the League of Alabama Municipalities. He is vice-presi dent of the National Good Roads Association; and is a member of the Benevolent and Pro tective Order of Elks. Residence: Birming ham. DRESSLAR, FLETCHER BASCOM, teacher and author, for a number of years a resident of Alabama, was born September 21, 1858, at Banta, Ind.; son of Archibald and Elizabeth Ann (Bromwell) Dresslar. He received the degree of A. B., Indiana university, 1889, A. M., 1892; and Ph.D., Clark university, 1894; has taught in Indiana, California and Alabama; was professor of education and dean of the school of education, University of Alabama, 1909-11; and is now professor of school hygiene at Peabody college for teachers, Nashville. Author: "Superstition and education," 1907; "American schoolhouses," 1911; "School hy giene," 1913; and numerous papers in peri odicals on psychology and educational topics. Married: December 28, 1892, to Cornelia Jer auld Welborn, of Princeton, Ind. Residence: Nashville, Tenn. DUBOSE, FRANCIS GOODWIN, physician, was born September 28, 1873, at Maplesville; son of Franklin Davis and Anna (Goodwin) DuBose (q. v.). He was educated in the rural schools of Chilton and Dallas Counties; Orr- ville academy; Marion .institute, where he re ceived the A. B. degree in 1891; was certifi cated at the University of Virginia, 1892; grad uated at Tulane University, M. D., 1893, and took post graduate courses at New York, Balti more, Philadelphia, Chicago, and abroad during 1900 and 1902. He entered upon the practice of his profession at Selma in 1893; built the DuBose sanatorium in 1904; built and opened the Vaughan memorial hospital in 1911. Dr. DuBose is past president, Dallas County medi cal society; member of the board of censors of Dallas County; past chairman, section on surgery, Southern medical association; presi dent of the staff of the Vaughan memorial hos pital; a member of the County, State, South ern and American medical associations, and a fellow of the chemical congress of surgeons of North America. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Author: "Malarial Hematuria," Journal American Medical Association, March 11, 1899, copied in Le Semaine Medicine, of Par is, France; "Diffuse Nephritis," Alabama Medical Journal, July, 1902; "Therapeutic Nihilison," Alkaloidal Clinic, July, 1902; "Carcinoma of the Breast," Mobile medical journal, June, 1902; "Tubal Pregnancy; Report of Cases," St. Louis Journal of Medicine, October, 1903; and "High Frequency Currents," Transactions of American Electro-Therapeutic association, 1903; "Teratoma of Ovary," Southern Medical Jour nal, November, 1908; "Duties and Needs of Southern Surgeons," address as chairman of section on surgery of the Southern medical as sociation; "Psychophysics in the hands of the Pseudo-psychopomp," Mobile medical and surgi cal journal, January, 1909; "An Improved Tech nic for the Radical Cure of Cancer of the Rec tum," American journal of surgery, August, 1908; "Nephropexy, with special reference to an Improved Technic," American journal of surgery, June, 1908. Married: June 11, 1902, at Selma, to Annie, daughter of William Randolph and Octavia Le Vert (Owen) Nelson, who re sided at Mobile. Residence: Selma. DUBOSE, FRANKLIN DAVIS, physician, was born September 3, 1845, in Dallas County; and died April 28, 1905; son of Francis Ho mer and Mary (McGee) DuBose, the former a farmer, born in Wilkes County, Ga., but resid ing most of his life in Dallas, Autauga and Bibb Counties, formerly a Whig, later a Demo crat, and Baptist; grandson of Elisha and Susanna (Leonard) DuBose, and of Davis and Sarah McGee, all natives of Georgia. He was educated in the common schools and at the University of Alabama, 1863-64. During 1869 and 1870 he attended what is now the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Baltimore, grad uating in the latter year. In 1864 he enlisted in Co. A, 24th Alabama battalion infantry, C. 510 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY S. Army under Major Snodgrass. Dr. DuBose located first at Ash Creek, Lowndes County; thence removed to Orrville, Dallas County, and in 1892 located in Shelby County where he now resides. He is a Democrat; member of the State and county medical societies; a Mason; and a Baptist. Married: January 1, 1873, to Anna, daughter of Turner M. and Nancy E. (McCary) Goodwin, the former was an exten sive planter; granddaughter of Young and Pat- sie (Andrews) Goodwin, natives of Georgia who in early life removed to Bibb County, and of Sinclair McCary. Children: 1. Francis Good win (q. v.), physician, m. Aimee Nelson, Selma. Residence: Maplesville. DUBOSE, HORACE MELLARD, bishop of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, was born November 7, 1858, in Choctaw County; son of Hezekiah and Evalina Amanda (Hawk ins) DuBose, the former a native of Sumter, S. C, who removed to Eufaula early in life, finally settling in Choctaw County, served in the Black Hawk War, held civil office under Confederate government, was planter, mer chant and Methodist minister; grandson of Joel and Anna (Lee) DuBose, natives of South Carolina, the former of French Huguenot an cestry, and of William and Mary (Hill) Hawk ins, of Eufaula. Bishop DuBose received his early education in the public schools of Missis sippi; attended Waynesboro academy, Miss.; studied languages and classics under tutors; and received the honorary degree of D. D. from Emory and Henry college, Va., 1892. He was licensed to preach, October 1, 1876; or dained 1879; admitted into the Mississippi con ference, 1877-80; served as pastor at Galves ton, Tex., 1881-82; Huntsville, Tex., 1883-84; Houston, 1885-86; Tyler, Tex., 1887-88; Los An geles, Cal., 1889-90; Tyler, 1895-96; Jackson, Miss., 1897-98; Augusta, Ga., 1910-11; Atlanta, Ga., 1911-15. He was editor of the Pacific Meth odist advocate, San Francisco, 1890-94; of the Epworth era, 1898-1910; book editor of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, and editor of the Methodist quarterly review, since Octo ber 1, 1915. He has been a delegate to five general conferences; was a member of the Ecumenical conference of 1901; member of the World's Sunday school convention; president of the Methodist benevolent association; fraternal delegate from Methodist Episcopal church, South, to the general conference of Methodist churches of Canada; delegate to Fourth ecu menical conference, Toronto, 1911; commander for the Ecumenical Methodist conference to be held in London, 1921; and a member of the commission appointed in 1916 for the unifica tion of the Methodist churches, North and South. He was the organizer and secretary of the Epworth league in the Southern Methodist church. During the general conference in At lanta, Ga., May, 1918, he was elected bishop. Author: "Rupert Wise" a poetic romance, 1889; "Unto the dawn," 1896; "Planting of the cross," 1902; "Margaret, an Idyll," 1905; "The gang of six," 1906 ; "Life of Barbee," 1906 ; "The symbol of Methodism," 1907; "The men of Sapio ranch," 1907; "Life at its best," 1908; "Francis Asbury, a biographical study," 1909; "Life of Bishop Joshua Soule," 1910; "History of Meth odism," 1916; "Consciousness of Jesus," 1917; also Intermediate graded Sunday school series for the church and numerous pamphlets and booklets on religious subjects. Married: (1) December 6, 1881, to Rosa, daughter of Col. Robert C. and Caro (DuBose) Chaney, of Arkansas; (2) December 20, 1899, to Mrs. Ger trude (Vaughn) Amis, daughter of Thomas Livingston and Eliza (Hedman) Vaughn, of Winston-Salem, N. C. Children: 1. Caro Rob erta; 2. Livingston Vaughn; 3. Horace Mellard; 4. Daisye Stedman; 5. Embree Hoss. Resi dence: Nashville. DUBOSE, JOEL CAMPBELL, teacher was born December 17, 1855, at Gaston, Sumter County; son of Benjamin Eusebius and Sarah Elizabeth (Horn) DuBose, the former a native of Dar lington, S. C, who lived at Mt. Sterling, Choc taw County, Ala., and was a school teacher and a planter; grandson of Benjamin and Susanna (Campbell) DuBose, of Darlington, S. C, and of Isaac and Martha (Vines) Horn, of Kinter- bish, Choctaw County. His paternal ancestors were, on the one side, French Huguenots who came to South Carolina in 1685, and on the other side, Scotch; and his mother's people came from North Carolina. He received his early education in Gaston and Mt. Sterling; and was graduated from the University of Ala bama, B. A., 1878, and M. A., 1882. He served as principal of the Pushmataha high school, 1878-1883; of the school at Snow Hill, 1883-1886; at Livingston, 1886-1888; at South High lands, Birmingham, 1888-1898; was in charge of private classes and literary work, Washington, D. C, 1898-1899; conducted a private school at Knoxville, Tenn., 1899-1900; and since that time has been principal of DuBose's school for boys, at Birmingham. Mr. DuBose was elected to the State legislature from Jefferson County, 1903, and served in that body until 1907. He is author of "Sketches of Alabama History"; "Notable Men of Alabama"; "Alabama His tory"; "Aeschylus and the Seven Against Thebes," Methodist review, September-October, 1899; and "Story of Alabama," Pearson's mag- agazine, June, 1902. Married: August 8, 1883, in Pushmataha, to Alice Vivian, daughter of William Thomas and Eliza Jane (Graham) Horn, of Pushmataha. Children: 1. Frederick Mellen, d. May 15, 1891; 2. Joel Campbell, d. September 23, 1886; 3. Benjamin William, m. Mary Rowena Brust and has a daughter, Mary Amelia; 4. Alice Vivian; 5. Martha Mortimore; 6. Charles Betts, d. August 30, 1899; 7. Rosa Florence. Residence: Birmingham. DUBOSE, JOHN WESLEY, educator, was born October 31, 1849, in Marengo County; son of Joel C. and Esther G. (Cleland) Du Bose, natives of Darlington District, S. C, the for mer a merchant in early life in Charleston, re moved to Marengo County, Ala., in 1838, turning his attention to farming, a Whig and Methodist, the latter of Scotch-Irish descent. Professor DuBose was educated in the common schools, at Linden, later at Goodman institute, and re ceived the M. A. degree from the Southern uni versity, in 1874. In 1880 he assumed charge of the Gadsden public institute and for many DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 511 years was at its head. Prior to his removal to Gadsden he was superintendent of education of Sumter County, and later filled the same position in Etowah County. He is a Methodist, and a Mason. Author: "History of Gadsden and of Etowah County," published in Northern Alabama illustrated. Married: in October, 1877, to Lizzie Lake, daughter of Judge James Cobbs, of Mobile. Children: 1. Edgar L., deceased; 2. Maggie C; 3. John W., jr.; 4. James Guerin. Residence: Gadsden. DUBOSE, JOHN WITHERSPOON, planter and author, was born March 5, 1836, at Society Hill, Darlington District, S. C, and died by a railroad accident, 1918, in Birmingham; son of Kimbrough Cassels and Elizabeth Boykin (Witherspoon) DuBose (q. v.). He was taught entirely by private tutors, as was the habit of wealthy planters at that time, and studied for one term, 1854-55, under Charles Pelham, pro fessor in the South Carolina college. He in herited the large plantation and numerous slaves of his father and began, at the age of twenty-one, the occupation of a cotton planter In Marengo County and continued at this work for twenty-five years. Anticipating the war, he was commissioned a company officer in the first cavalry organized in Alabama, 1860, and served in non-commissioned staff duty during the re mainder of the war. The affliction of deafness which assailed him early in life left him in his later years totally without the sense of sound. He removed to Birmingham in 1886, and en gaged in newspaper work, writing historical and economic articles for the Alabama press, and was at one time on the editorial staff of the "Birmingham Age Herald." He was a Democrat; Episcopalian; Ku Klux; and a member of the White Shield. Author: "Min eral wealth of Alabama," 1886; "Report on the internal commerce of the United States as to Alabama," 1886; "History of Jefferson Coun ty," 1887; "Life and times of Yancey," 1892; and in MSS., "Life and times of Sanford" and "History of the Bonapartist settlement in the Canebrake," and the story of plantation life in that section. Unmarried. Last residence: Birmingham. DUBOSE, KIMBROUGH CASSELS, planter, was born July 12, 1809, at Society Hill, S. C, and .died at Birmingham, September 30, 1889; son of Isaiah and Gilly Hinton (Benton) Du Bose, of Darlington, S. C, who were among the first settlers of Marengo County, Ala.; grandson of Elias and Lydia (Cassels) DuBose, the form er a magistrate before and after the Revolution ary War, of Darlington and Sumter Counties, S. O, and lieutenant of a South Carolina vol unteer militia company, Continental Army, and of Col. Lemuel and Elizabeth (Kimbrough) Benton, the former a native of Granville Coun ty, N. C., who removed to the Pee Dee region, S. C, entered the Revolutionary Army as ma jor, later appointed lieutenant-colonel, member of the South Carolina house of representatives, 1783-1788, justice of the county court for Dar lington County, 1784 and 1791, appointed escheator for Cheraw District, 1786, delegate for the State convention that ratified the Fed eral constitution, May 12, 1788, elected sheriff for Cheraw District, 1789, and again in 1791, and first representative in the Federal congress from the Peedee District, 1793-99; great-grand son of John Du Bose, who was a descendant of Isaac Du Bose, a native of Dieppe, Normandy, who emigrated with other Huguenots to Amer ica and located in the Santee settlement, Crav en County, S. C, about 1685. Mr. Du Bose was educated at Mount Zion college, Winnsboro, S. C, and at Union college, N. Y. He removed in 1850 to Alabama with his family and settled in Marengo County, where he had already, 1839, established an interest, and where he be came a successful planter. Married: May 8, 1834, to Elizabeth Boykin, daughter of John Dick and Elizabeth. (Boykin) Witherspoon, the former a member of the South Carolina house of representatives in 1818 and of the senate in 1828; granddaughter of Captain Gavin and Elizabeth (Dick) Witherspoon, the former a captain in Marion's brigade, Revolutionary Army; great-granddaughter of Gavin and Jane (James) Witherspoon, the former a native of Ireland, who emigrated to America in 1732 and settled in Williamsburg District, S. C; great- great-granddaughter of John and Janet (With erspoon) Witherspoon, both natives of Scot land, moved to County Down, Ireland, emi grated to America, with numerous relatives, and settled in Williamsburg District, S. C, 1698. Children: 1. John Witherspoon (q. v.); 2. Louisa, d. unm.; 3. Rosalie, unm.; 4. Nicho las Williams, served in C. S. Army; 5. Augusta, m. Miles Selden Miller, of Virginia; 6. James Henry, lieutenant in command of Co. I, 51st Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army and killed at Kingston, Tenn.; 7. Eugene, private Co. I, 51st Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army and was shot at Raleigh, N. C, by a prisoner who had surrendered; 8. Lemuel Ben ton, died in camp in Florida, 1864; 9. Francis Marion, served in C. S. Army, and died in mili tary hospital, July 15, 1864; 10. Edwin Dargan, d. in infancy; 11. Adele, m. Henry Page Bur rows. Last residence: Birmingham. DUDLEY, HOMER ROSWELL, business man and legislator, was born February 4, 1862, in Russell County; son of Charles Hammond and Henrietta Clay (Jackson) Dudley, the former a native of Harris County, Ga., who later re moved to Russell County, Ala. ; grandson of Wil liam and Rachael Dudley, and of Thomas and Arabella Jackson. He was educated in the pub lic and private schools of Columbus, Ga. In 1880 he engaged in the mill business at Fort Mitchell; removed in 1883, to Union Springs, where he lived five years, building a handle factory; thence he removed to Russell County where he now operates a mill. He represented Russell County in the legislature of 1907. He is a Democrat; Mason; Red Man; Odd Fellow; and an Elk. Married: at Union Springs, to Christiana, daughter of William and Hubertina Gertrude Rosenstihl, of that place. Children: 1. Charlie Rosenstihl; 2. Albert Homer; 3. Hugh Joseph; 4. Henritta Gertrude; 5. Alice Catherine. Residence: Seale. 512 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY DUDLEY, JEREMIAH SMITH, farmer, was born September 16, 1825, near Eatonton, Put nam County, Ga.; son of Edward and Mary (Thompson) Dudley, the former a native of St. Augustine, Fla., who was reared near Sparta, Hancock County, Ga., became a sadler by trade, moved to Eatonton, Putnam County, Ga., in 1812, and to Lowndes County, Ala., in 1837, settling near Farmersville, where he died in 1873; grandson of John and Elizabeth (Jones) Dudley, of Virginia, who emigrated to Florida in 1790, and to Hancock County, Ga., in 1800, the former who was of Welsh descent and served in the Revolutionary Army, and of Jeremiah Smith and Beatrix (Fleming) Thomp son, the former a native of New York, who came to Charleston during the latter part of the Eighteenth century, and later went from South Carolina to Hancock County, Ga., the latter a native of Scotland, who came to Amer ica during the Revolution. He received his education in Rockville, Putnam County, Ga., and in the old field schools in Alabama, and in January, 1847, began life as a farmer, at Farmersville, and continued in that occupa tion for more than half a century. He was justice of the peace of his precinct, 1875-1895, and was a member of the board of revenue of Lowndes County, 1878-1886. He entered the C. S. Army in 1863, and served until the end of the war as a private in Bragg's, Johnston's and Hood's escort, commanded by Capt. E. M. Holloway of Selma, and participated at Chick amauga, Franklin, Nashville, and in all the campaigns from Dalton to Atlanta, surrender ing at Greensboro, N. C. He was a Democrat, and was an officer in the Methodist church for more than sixty years. Married: December 22, 1846, near Farmersville, to Ellen, a native of Mobile Point, daughter of Andrew and Elizabeth (Collins) Oliver, the former an Irish man, the latter of Butler County. Children: 1. Edward Andrew, deceased; 2. James Herbert, killed at Collirene in 1881; 3. Mary Elizabeth, m. George W. Bender, Furman; 4. Maria Ellen, m. David H. Middleton, Collirene; 5. Oliver Carlow, Farmersville; 6. William Henry, Orr ville; 7. Henry Lewis, Orrville; 8. Hattie, m. John Thomas Eckford, Selma; 9. Smith Ham mond, Farmersville. Last residence: Farmers ville. DUFFEE, GEORGE GILLESPIE, cotton merchant, was born January 1, 1835, at Tus caloosa, and died October 24, 1886, at Mobile; son of Matthew and Martha (Gillespie) Duffee, the former a native of Tipperary, Ireland, who . came to America with his parents when quite young, lived with them in North Carolina un til grown, moved to Tuscaloosa, Ala., and lived there until just before the war, then moved to Blount Springs where he spent the rest of his life; grandson of John and Margaret (Kerr) Gillespie, who moved from Mecklenburg County, N. C, to Tennessee on pack mules, with An drew Jackson as one of the guards who pro tected them from the Indians; great-grandson of David and Naomi (Thompson) Gillespie, who lived in Mecklenburg County, N. C, the former who came from Ulster County, Ireland, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania. John Gillespie was a cousin of President James K. Polk. The name of the Duffee family in Ire land was Duhy, the change in spelling being made on the ship en route to America. Mr. Duffee gained his early education at a private school in Tuscaloosa, taught by Mr. Byington. He served in the C. S. Army during the War of Secession as a sergeant in the Third Alabama regiment under Col. Woodruff. After the war he entered the cotton business in the firm of Montgomery and McCarthy; then became sec retary of the Fire and Marine insurance com pany; returned to the cotton business as a member of the firm of Dunklin and Steiner of Mobile, which later became Dunklin and Duffee; engaged in the importation of Jersey cattle, being one of the first to introduce that stock into the south, and was in that business at the time of his death. In 1877, Mr. Duffee was elected mayor of Mobile and held that office for about a year and a half when Mobile was change to a port and the mayoralty was abolished. He was a Democrat, and an elder in the Presbyterian church. He contributed many articles, mostly of technical nature, con cerning agriculture and the care of Jersey cattle, to magazines and journals. Married: October 10, 1867, in Mobile, Harriet Amanda, daughter of Judge Gustavus and Eliza (Sar gent) Horton who lived at Mobile. Children: 1. Hattie Horton, d. in infancy; 2. George Gillespie, jr., Mobile; 3. Ruth, Mobile; 4. Edith, Mobile; 5. Grace, m. Henry Lee Richards, Mo bile; 6. Julian, Mobile; 7. Nellie, m. George Jarvis Crossland, Mobile; 8. Winthrop, Mobile; 9. Nona, Mobile; 10. Louis Warren, m. Susie Stocks Sadler, Mobile. Last residence: Mo bile. DUGGAR, BENJAMIN MINGE, university professor and botanist, was born September 1, 1872, at Prairieville, Hale County; son of Dr. Reuben Henry and Margaret Louisa (Minge) Duggar (q. v.) ; brother of John Frederick Duggar (q. v.). He received his early educa tion at Hedge Hill academy, Prairieville; at tended the University of Alabama, 1887-89; re ceived the degree of B. S., 1891, and M. S., 1892, Alabama polytechnic institute; A. B., 1894, and A. M., 1895, Harvard university; Ph. D., 1898, Cornell university; studied at the universities of Leipzig, Halle, Montpelier, Munich and Bonn, 1899-1900 and 1905-06. He was assistant di rector, Canebrake agricultural station, Union- town, 1892-93; assistant professor of botany at Radcliffe college, 1893-95; assistant botanist, Illinois State laboratory of natural history, 1895-96; cryptogamic botanist, agricultural ex periment station and instructor in plant phys iology, 1896-1900, assistant professor botany, 1900-01, Cornell university; physiologist, bureau of plant industry, U. S. department of agriculture, 1901-02; professor in botany, Uni versity of Missouri, 1902-07; professor in plant physiology, Missouri botanical garden and Washington university, 1912- to date; and act ing professor in biological chemistry, Washing ton university medical school, 1917-18. He is a fellow, American association for the advance ment of science; member Botanical society of America; Deutsche botanische Gesellschaft; CAPTAIN HICKMAN PIERCE WALKER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 515 Association international des botanistes; So ciety for the promotion of agricultural science; American phytopathological society. He is a Democrat; Episcopalian; and a member of the Sigma Xi honorary scientific society and of the Kappa Alpha college fraternity. Author: "Fun gous diseases of plants," 1901; "Plant physiol ogy," 1911; "Mushroom growing," 1911; also contributor to botanical magazines and reports. Married: October 16, 1901, at East Aurora, N. Y., to Marie Livingston, daughter of James Douglas and Anna Richardson (Guerard) Rob ertson of Bluffton, S. C, later Ithaca, N. Y. Children: 1. Marie Louise; 2. Benjamin M., jr.; 3. Anna Guerard. Residence: St. Louis, Mo. DUGGAR, JOHN FREDERICK, agriculturist, was born August 24, 1868, near Faunsdale, Ma rengo County; son of Dr. Reuben Henry and Margaret Louise (Minge) Duggar (q. v.); grandson of Henry and Alice (Goode) Duggar, who lived at Petersburg, Va., and at Prairie ville, and of David and Elvira (Adams) Minge, who lived at Norwood plantation, near Fauns dale; great-grandson of Dr. John Adams, at one time mayor of Richmond, Va., and a mem ber of the Virginia house of delegates, and of Reuben Vaughan, a lawyer, who was commis sioned captain by Gov. Patrick Henry, October 29, 1777, in the Provisional Army; great-great- grandson of Richard Adams, a member of the Virginia house of burgesses, 1752-1775, and of the Virginia senate, 1779-1782, and of Benjamin Harrison, signer of the Declaration of Inde pendence; great-great-great-grandson of Eben ezer Adams, who came to Virginia before 1714, from Adbridge, County Essex, England, receiv ing a grant of land in New Kent and Henrico Counties, Va.; and a descendant of John Dug gar, the first emigrant to America on the Dug gar side, who received from King George a grant of land in Brunswick County, Va. Prof. Duggar was prepared in the public school at Prairieville; attended Southern uni versity at Greensboro; was graduated from the Mississippi agricultural and mechanical col lege, B. S., 1887, and M. S., 1888; and subse quently studied in Columbian and Cornell uni versities. He was assistant professor of ag riculture at the Texas agricultural and me chanical college, at Bryan, Tex., 1887-1889; was editor of the "Southern Live Stock Journal," Starkville, Miss., 1890; assistant di rector, U. S. experiment station, Clemson col lege, 1890-1892; editor of the department of field crops, "Experiment Station Record," U. S. de partment of agriculture, 1893-1895; professor of agriculture, Alabama polytechnic institute, since 1896; director of the Alabama experiment station since, 1903; and director of Alabama ex tension service, since 1914. He is author of "Agriculture for Southern Schools," "Southern Field Crops," and about fifty pamphlets and bulletins of the Alabama, Canebrake and South Carolina agricultural experiment stations, and the U. S. department of Agriculture, and for five years edited the agricultural department of the Montgomery "Advertiser." He is a Dem ocrat and a Baptist. Married: June 17, 1891, at Columbus, Miss., to Fannie Camp, daughter of Ambrose and Mattie (Grigsby) Camp, who lived at Louisville, Ky., the former a soldier in the C. S. Army; granddaughter of Joseph and Frances (Weir) Grigsby, and of Thomas and Susan (Magruder) Camp; great-grand daughter of Andrew and Martha (Weir) Weir, first cousins, and descendants of Andrew and Adolphus Weir, both of whom fought in the Revolutionary War, of Elisha Grigsby, and of Ambrose Camp and Enoch Ma gruder, both of whom fought in the Revolution; great-great-granddaughter of John Grigsby, who fought in the colonial wars and was a cap tain in the Revolutionary Army. Children: 1. John Frederick, jr.; 2. Frances Camp; 3. Mar garet Louise; 4. Ambrose Camp; 5. Llewellyn Goode; 6. Dorothy Melville. Residence: Auburn. DUGGAR, LLEWELLYN LUDWIG, physi cian, graduate of the medical department of the University of Alabama, Mobile, 1898, and lo cated there for practice. DUGGAR, LUKE WHITE, insurance, was born June 3, 1841, and died in 1892, at Van Dorn; son of Henry and Alice Goode (Vaughn) Duggar; brother of Dr. Reuben Henry Duggar (q. v.). He entered the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1858; entered the C. S. Army, 1861, as drill master for the troops in Alabama and Virginia, later lieutenant in Selden's Battery. After the war he was a member of a broker age and insurance firm of Petersburg, Va. Married: Louisa Boisseau, of Petersburg, Va. Last residence: Van Dorn. DUGGAR, REUBEN HENRY, physician, was born June 16, 1837, in Petersburg, Va.; son of Henry and Alice Goode (Vaughn) Duggar, na tives of Virginia, the former a merchant who removed to Alabama in 1844, and settled in Ma rengo County, where he became a planter; grandson of John Duggar; great-grandson of John D. Duggar, native of Wales who emi grated to America and settled on land deeded him by George II, in Brunswick County, Va. Dr. Duggar received his early training from tutors; spent one year at Madison college, Pennsylvania; studied medicine under Dr. J. D. Browder, of Marengo County, and under his uncle, Dr. Luke White, of Petersburg, Va.; entered the University of Pennsylvania and graduated in 1858. He practiced his profession for two years before the War of Secession. Gov ernor Shorter appointed him physician in charge of the Alabama State salt works ; later ap pointed a member of the State medical exam- ing board of the Confederate Army and at the same time acting assistant surgeon of the hos pital at Talladega. After the war he returned to his home near Gallion and resumed his prac tice. He is a member of the Hale County med ical association; Alabama medical association; a Democrat; Mason; and an Episcopalian. Married: in 1864, to Margaret Louisa, daughter of David and Elvira (Adams) Minge, of Vir ginia who settled in Marengo County, grand daughter of Dr. John and Margaret (Winston) Adams, of Richmond, Va.; great-granddaughter of Col. Richard Adams, and of Geddes and 516 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Mary (Jordan) Winston; great-great-grand daughter of William Essex Winston, of York shire, England, who emigrated to Virginia be fore 1710, and of Col. Samuel and Ruth (Mere dith) Jordan; great-great-great-granddaughter of Samuel Meredith, sr. Children: John Fred erick (q. v.); 2. Reuben H., jr.; 3. Benjamin Minge (q. v.) ; 4. Waverly Goode, mining en gineer, New Mexico. 5. Dr. Llewellyn (q. v.), Tuscaloosa. Residence; near Gallion. DUKE, JOSEPH BROWN, lawyer and mem ber constitutional convention, 1901, was born October 24, 1858, at Mountain Hill, Harris County, Ga.; son of Greene S. and Cornelia P. (Webb) Duke, of that place. He was educated in the common schools and at the high school in Hamilton, Ga.; spent 1878-79, at the Agri cultural and Mechanical college, Auburn. On November 20, 1883, he was admitted to the bar at Lafayette, Chambers County, where he has since practiced. He was two terms mayor of Lafayette, 1886-87, and 1887-88, and register in chancery, 1887-1892. He represented Cham bers County in the Constitutional convention of 1901. He is a Democrat; and a Missionary Baptist. Married: May 2, 1888, at Lafayette, to Lizzie Lee Dyer. Residence: Lafayette. DUKE, LUM, lawyer, was born June 30, 1865, at Mountain Hill, Harris County, Ga.; son of Green Stephen and Cornelia (Webb) Duke, the former a native of Upson County, Ga., who was a farmer in Harris County, Ga., and served in the C. S. Army as lieutenant; grandson of Moses Stephen and Sarah (Moore) Duke, who lived at Harris County, Ga., the former a cavalryman in the Mexican War in 1846, who died at Cuernavaca, Mexico, Febru ary 24, 1848, and of Fortunatus and Malinda (Almond) Webb, of Harris County, Ga.; a de scendant of William Conan, a Revolutionary soldier. Judge Duke is fifth in descent from George Duke, of Wandsworth, England, who lived contemporaneously with Cromwell and Charles II. He was with the Royal army in its defeat at the battle of Worcester, Septem ber 3, 1651, and escaped with the king and a few other officers and noblemen to Boscobel. He was one of the few who remained with the king at Boscobel, and was subsequently cap tured and taken prisoner by the parliamentary army. He was pardoned on condition of his removal to the colonies, and some years after, when Charles II had been restored to the throne, he was granted an augmentation to his crest on account of his services to the king at Boscobel. On his arrival in the colonies, he settled in Virginia. Judge Duke was prepared for college in the country schools of Harris County, Ga., and in the high school at Hamil ton, Ga. He entered the Agricultural and me chanical college at Auburn, and was graduated, B. A., June, 1884. He read law with his brother, Hon. Joseph B. Duke at Lafayette ; was admitted to the bar at Lafayette, January 17, 1891; became a law partner with his brother in the firm of Duke & Duke; later was a part ner of James R. Dowdell, until the latter was promoted to the bench of the supreme court; moved to Opelika and became associated with Hon. Reid B. Barnes for eight years;- later was partner of Hon. Thomas D. Samford of Ope lika; was elected judge of the law and equity court for Lee County, in November, 1910. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Royal Arch Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: November 16, 1899, in Opelika, to Inez, daughter of Wil liam Oliver and Fannie (Daughtry) Harwell, of Opelika. Children: 1. Inez; 2. Lum, de ceased; 3. William Stephen. Residence: Ope lika. DUMAS, OBADIAH, planter and merchant, was born September 26, 1838, at Dumas store, now Arlington, Wilcox County; and died in Mobile, July 6, 1913; son of Joel and Mary (Dumas) Dumas, both natives of Richmond County, N. C, who settled in Wilcox County, Ala., about 1822, where he was a large planter and leading citizen; grandson of Benjamin and Sarah (Atkins) Dumas, of Virginia, who later located in North Carolina, the former a Revolutionary soldier from that state, and of Zachariah and Elizabeth (Lucy) Dumas also of Richmond County. The Lucy and Dumas fam ilies were of French origin and settled in Vir ginia, later removing to North Carolina, Ala bama and other states. Mr. Dumas was edu cated in the common schools of Wilcox County. He was a large cotton planter and prosperous merchant of Clifton, and Arlington, having opened a store at the former in 1866 under the firm name of Dumas and Watson, later changed to Dumas bros., and finally to Dumas sons. The family moved to Mobile in 1906, and Mr. Dumas and his sons opened a wholesale gro cery store there as the Dumas grocery co., which is still carrying on the business. He was postmaster and in consequence exempt from military service during the War of Se cession. He was a Democrat; Methodist; and a Mason. Married: (1) January 24, 1863, at Toulminville, near Mobile, to Addie, daughter of William Sumner and Catherine (Bliss) Paine of Newport, R. I., who came to Mobile, where he was sheriff, granddaughter of Rev. William Paine, Baptist, a chaplain in the Revo lution; (2) July 22, 1874, in Wilcox County, to Phoebe, daughter of Benjamin and Mary (Wat kins) De Van; granddaughter of John and Sarah (Ratcliff) Watkins; (3) September 9, 1884, at Chattanooga, Tenn., to Mary Coffey, daughter of Judge William McDermott and Elizabeth Keys (Inman) Bradford, both fam ilies of English ancestry. Children: by first wife: 1. Clarence Paine, m. Anne Mary Cleage, Mobile; 2. Joel, m. (1) Berta De Van, (2) Phoebe De Van, sisters, Mobile; by second wife: 3. Robert Eugene, m. Elizabeth Inman Cleage, Mobile; 4. Obadiah De Van, m. Mattie Harris, Mobile; 5. Mary Ella, m. Rev. Charles Williams. Last residence: Mobile. DUNAWAY, JOHN EUGENE, business man; was born September 17, 1869, at. Lamison, Wil cox County; son of Francis Marion and Eliza beth Mary (Lambert) Dunaway, the former of Lamison and the latter of Perdue Hill; grand son of Jeremiah and Ann (Pope) Dunaway, and DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 517 Andrew and Martha Jane (Dumas) Lambert, all of Alabama. Representative Dunaway was edu cated in the public schools of Lamison, and at tended Marion military institute for one term. He started his business career as a bookkeeper ; later organized the J. E. Dunaway mercantile company; and in 1912 organized the Orrville bank and trust company, of which he is presi dent. He was elected to the State legislature as a representative from Dallas County, in 1919. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Mason; Knight Templar ; and a Shriner. Married: (1) Novem ber 21, 1894, at Orrville, to Pink, daughter of Senator Benjamin Franklin and Josephine (White) Ellis (q. v.), of Orrville; (2) July 20, 1910, at Marion, to Elizabeth Lagree, daughter of William Francis and Julia Helen Hogue, of Marion. Children: 1. Benjamin Ellis, m. Ellie Willson, Orrville; 2. John Eugene, jr.; 3. Eliza beth Lambert; 4. Virginia Sinclair; 5. Helen Hogue; 6. William Hogue. Residence: Orrville. DUNCAN, ELLIS MADISON, bacteriologist, was born February 15, 1873, near Russellville, Franklin County; brother of George Duncan (q. v.). He received his elementary education in the public schools of Russellville; was grad uated from the Alabama polytechnic institute, B. S., 1900, and M. S., 1908; took special courses in the College of physicians and surgeons and in the State bacteriological laboratories, Bal timore, Md.; in the City bacteriological labora tory, Boston, Mass.; and completed a post graduate course in that line of work at the Alabama polytechnic institute. He was in structor in veterinary science and physiology, Alabama polytechnic institute, 1901; bacteri ologist and assistant meat and milk inspector for the city of Birmingham, 1903-1905; city bacteriologist and chief meat and milk inspec tor, 1905 to date; established the bacteriological department for the city of Birmingham; was appointed assistant director of the bacteriolog ical laboratories, state board of health of Florida, and declined appointment, 1909; served as chairman of the committee on the super vision and control of milk supplies, which re ported at the meeting of the American public health association, Washington, D. C, Sep tember, 1912; is a member of the American public health association and of the Society of American bacteriologists; is a Democrat; Married: January 25, 1910, in Chicago, 111., to Helen Frances, daughter of Seth Mooar and Josephine (Estey) Dunning, lawyer of that city, a native of New York; granddaugh ter of Dr. Cephas and Anna (Peabody) Dun ning, the former a physician, a native of Ver mont, the latter of Middleton, Mass., and of Willis H. Estey, banker, of New Hampshire; great-granddaughter of Dr. Benjamin Peabody of Massachusetts, a lieutenant, promoted to cap tain in the Revolutionary War, in command of a company of continental militia at West Point, N. Y., when Benedict Arnold betrayed his country. Another ancestor was Mary Estey, one of the witches who lived in Salem, Mass., in 1640. Children: 1. Virginia Estey. Resi dence: Birmingham. DUNCAN, GEORGE WEBSTER, teacher, author, and general agent University publish ing company, was born October 12. 1866, at Rockwood, Franklin County; son of Thomas Alford and Margaret (Hargett) Duncan, the former a private in Company L., Fourth Ala bama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of Robert and Martha (Hargett) Duncan, the former a native of Tennessee, and of Richard and Elizabeth (Hartis) Hargett, all of Rock- wood; great-grandson of William and Ruth (Gregory) Duncan, of Pendleton District, S. C., who removed to Warren County, Ky., later to Bedford County, Tenn., and finally, in the first quarter of the 19th century located in North Alabama. The Scotch ancestor of the American branch of the Duncan family was the Rev. William Duncan of Dumfrieshire, Scotland, who was a martyr to the Presbyterian faith and who on January 2, 1665, at the age of fifty-two years lost his life on the sands of Dumfrieshire in the reign of Charles II. The original American emigrant of the Duncan family settled in Westmoreland County, Va., January 23, 1722. Mr. Duncan was prepared for college in a private school at Russellville, taught by Prof. Jackson Harris. He graduated at the State normal school, Florence, 1890 and took two years post graduate work at the Ala bama polytechnic institute, Auburn, from which he received the degree of M. S., in 1900. He took a special course in law at the Uni versity of Virginia, 1892; taught three years as principal of the city schools of Florence, and seven years as principal of the Auburn female institute; was first vice-president of the Alabama educational association, 1902-03; commander, Alabama division, U. S. C. V., and chairman, general historical committee, U. S. C. V. Author: Report of the historical com mittee, U. S. C. V, for 1906; "Sketch of John A. Campbell," and joint author of "Farm life readers." He is a Democrat; a Baptist; Knight of Honor; Knight of Pythias; Mason; member of the American historical association. Married : January 19, 1893, at Decatur, Julia, daughter of Edward and Emily (Young) Alexander, of Lowndesboro. The Alexanders are of Scotch origin. Children: 1. Frances Alexander; 2. Thomas Edmund; 3. George Webster, jr.; 4. Wilton Burton; 5. Juliett Emily. Residence: Auburn. DUNCAN, JAMES ARCHIBALD, teacher; graduate Alabama polytechnic institute, B. S., 1894; C. E., 1895; principal of the Columbus high school. Residence: Thomasville. DUNCAN, JAMES ARMSTRONG, Methodist minister, was born March 8, , in Richmond, Va.; son of James Armstrong and Sallie Duke (Twitty) Duncan, the former editor of the Christian Advocate, Richmond, during the War of Secession, and president of Randolph-Macon college, Ashland, Va., 1868-77, at which date he died; grandson of David and Alice (Piedmont) Duncan, the former a native of Ireland, edu cated at Glasgow, and came to America in 1816 to take charge of Norfolk academy, professor of Greek at Wofford college, Spartanburg, S. C, 518 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and of Thomas and Evelyn (Fitts) Twitty of Warren County, N. C. Dr. Duncan received his early education in a school for boys at Ashland, Va., his college training at Randolph-Macon, where he graduated in 1884; and received the degree of D. D. from Central college, Mo. He en tered the Virginia conference, November, 1884, and served churches in that state, Colorado and Missouri before going to Alabama where he was pastor of the First Methodist church, Bir mingham, and had churches at Anniston and Talladega. He was secretary of the north Alabama conference, and is at present serving the Tuscaloosa church. Married: (1) in 1885 at Norfolk, Va., Elizabeth Watts; (2) October 28, 1909, at Carrollton, Miss., to Louise English, daughter of Joseph Reid and Evelyn Bingham, of that place. Children: 1. Sallie Drake, m. Harry Burn, Birmingham; 2. Elizabeth Watts; 3. James Armstrong, III, Talladega; by second marriage, 4. Reid Bingham. Residence: Tusca loosa. DUNCAN, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 83, resided in Jackson County, June 1, 1840, with Robert Duncan. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. DUNCAN, JOHN W., merchant, was born August 22, 1843, at Kingston, Tenn., and died at Gadsden; son of Robert D. and Nancy K. (Liggett) Duncan, the former a native of Ten nessee, who removed to Ft. Payne, Ala., at the close of the War of Secession, and engaged in agricultural pursuits until 1878, when he re moved to Attalla, and died there, 1885, a Presby terian; grandson of Robert Duncan, of Tennes see, and of Henry and Elizabeth (Center) Lig gett, natives of Virginia who emigrated to Ten nessee where they engaged in the hotel business and merchandising, the former was a Mason and county judge, and died in 1861; great- grandson of Duncan who went from Virginia to Washington County, Tenn., where he was killed by Indians in 1780. He was educated in Tennessee and enlisted at an early age in the cavalry branch of the C. S. Army, serving in Tennessee, Virginia, and Maryland, and was paroled at Kingston, Ga. Upon the cessation of hostilities he removed to Alabama and engaged in farming. He relinquished this calling however, and became a merchant, fol lowing the line of construction of the Alabama great southern railroad. He located in At talla in 1872, and in 1882 removed to Gadsden where he successfully conducted his business until 1887, when he sold out and devoted his attention to other interests. In 1873, in con nection with John S. Moragne he entered into a contract to mine and ship the first lot of ore ever sent from that section of North Alabama, acquiring a nice property from his interest in ore lands. He was an incorporator and secretary-treasurer of the Gadsden ice com pany. He was a Presbyterian. Married: June 1, 1870, to Mary F., daughter of J. S. and Sarah J. (Revel) Moragne. Children: 1. Eula M.; 2. Oscar Dribble, graduate U. S. naval academy, 1897; 3. Charles O'Connor; 4. Myrtle, d. young. Last residence: Gadsden. DUNCAN, L. ALEXANDER, publisher, civil postmaster, city treasurer, and city clerk ot Meridian, Miss., was born February 16, 1829, in New York City; son of William and Louise Augusta (Gardner) Duncan, the former a na tive of Glasgow, Scotland, who removed to Canada and later located in New York City, re moved to Courtland in 1830, where he taught school; took charge of Athens female academy, 1836-38, and opened a school for girls in Gren ada, Miss.; became a merchant in 1840; grand son of Alexander and Mary (McFarlan) Dun can, of Scotland, who migrated to New York City about 1808, and of Hiram Gardner, a na tive of Carlisle, Pa., who located in New York City, where he became a wholesale shoe dealer, and was major in militia home guard regiment; great-grandson of Captain McFarlan of the British navy stationed at Gibraltar at the time of the bombardment by the Spanish. Mr. Dun can received his elementary education in Court- land and Athens, Ala., and in Grenada, Miss., and attended the Collegiate school in New York city which he left in 1846, a few months before graduation. He was a clerk in his father's store in Grenada, 1846-47, and during the lat ter year entered the book and printing busi ness in New Orleans, La., where he was joint publisher with his brother, Rev. Dr. Cecil Dun can, of the "Southern Baptist Chronicle," until 1850. He was publisher in that city of the "New Orleans Baptist Chronicle," 1852-55; also issued a number of pamphlets; civil postmaster of Meridian, Miss., 1863-64; city treasurer, 1868, and city clerk from 1871 to the present time. He is a Democrat; Mason; and a Baptist. Married: January 21, 1856, in New Orleans, to Annie Battaile, daughter of Edward Con- yers and Martha Turbeville (Battaile) Payne, who lived at Hayfield, Va., and later in Win chester, Ky.; granddaughter of Hay Battaile of Hayfield, Va. Residence: Meridian, Miss. DUNCAN, LUTHER NOBLE, teacher, direc tor junior home economics extension educa tion, U. S. Agricultural department, and author, was born October 14, 1875, at Rockwood, Frank lin County; son of Thomas Alford and Mar garet (Hargett) Duncan, both of Rockwood, and brother of George W. Duncan (q. v.). He received his elementary education in the com mon schools of Franklin County and graduated at the Alabama polytechnic institute with the degrees of B. S., June, 1900, and M. S., June, 1907. The following September, he became in structor in agriculture and director of the agri cultural experiment station, Fifth district agri cultural school, Jackson. He held the same position in the First district agricultural school, 1902-04, and the Eighth agricultural school, 1904-05, since which time he has been associated with his alma mater as assistant in agriculture and director of the junior home economics extension work for Alabama. Joint author: "Farm life readers" and numerous papers, pamphlets and bulletins on agricultural subjects. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; Knight of Pythias and a member of the Kappa Sigma fraternity. Married: February 26, 1903, at Wetumpka, to Annie Elizabeth, daughter DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 519 of Walter Keirn and ,Susan (Little) Smith of Livingston. Children: 1. Mary. Elizabeth; 2. Margaret Susan; 3. Robert Smith. Residence: Auburn. DUNGLINSON, JOSEPH, Presbyterian min ister, was born May 2, 1880, at Cockermouth, Cumberland, England; son of George and Mar garet (Huddart) Dunglinson, natives of Cocker- mouth, England, who lived in that place until 1889, when they came to America and settled in Talladega, Ala., grandson of Joseph and Mary (Waters) Dunglinson, and of Jonathan and Margaret (Litt) Huddart, all of Cockermouth, England. He attended a private school in Cockermouth, under Miss Harley, 1885-1889; public school in Talladega, 1889-1893; Talla dega military academy, under Dr. Wright and Howard Griggs, 1893-1897; entered the South western Presbyterian university, Clarksville, Tenn., in 1897, and was graduated, A. B., 1901, winning the Greek prize in 1897 and 1898, the declaimer's medal in 1898, and the orator's medal in 1901; attended the Union theological seminary, Richmond, Va., 1901-1904, practically completing the course for the B. D. degree, though he did not graduate; was ordained as a minister in the Presbyterian church, 1904; preached for the next six years in a group of churches in Shelby County, located at Colum biana, Calera, and Montevallo; and became minister of the First Presbyterian church at Selma, 1910. Married: June 21, 1911, at At lanta, Ga., Anne Crusoe, daughter of John and Irene (Crusoe) Moore, who lived at Versailles, Ky. Children: 1. Joseph, jr. Residence: Selma. DUNHAM, BRADFORD, civil engineer and railroad official, was born June 19, 1838, at "Cedar Point," the family plantation in Liberty County, Ga., and died September 14, 1908, at Montgomery; son of Thomas James and Anne Catharine (Harris) Dunham, the former a sol dier in the Seminole War, and a member of the "Georgia Rangers," but too old for service in the War of Secession; grandson of Rev. Jacob and Mary (Baisden) Dunham, and of James and Sarah Hart (Hanes) Harris of Har ris' Neck, Ga. "Cedar Point" was the planta tion home of five generations of Dunhams, and the birthplace of three generations, and was part of the lands granted Oglethorpe's "Board of Trustees" by George II of England about 1756. Daniel and William Dunham were two of these selected by Oglethorpe from among the Massachusetts colonists to accompany him. Mr. Dunham received limited instruction in the schools, but he acquired a liberal education by contact with the world and through reading. He rose from an humble position in the rail road shops to a railroad presidency. He gained a knowledge of civil and mechanical engineer ing through practical experience. His loyalty to the South in the War of Secession was shown in faithfully operating troop trains, and as a member of the home guard. He was a Baptist. Married: (1) July 20, 1871, in Montgomery, to Emma Knox, daughter of Michael and Caroline Judith (Payne) Elsberry of that city, and (2) to Sophie Dunnington, of Baltimore, Md. Children: by first marriage: 1. Annie Grace, m. Wm. Overton; 2. Julius Confey, m. Edith Fitz-Gerald, Pensacola, Fla.; 3. Elizabeth Mills, m. Edward Reese Burton, and resides in Mont gomery; 4. Emma Craik, m. John Wall Nor wood, of Atlanta; by second marriage: 5. Wil liam Bradford, of Wilkinsburg, Pa.; 6. Ethel, m. Thomas Gorsuch Campbell, of Brooklyn, N. Y. Last residence: Montgomery. DUNKLIN, DANIEL G., merchant and planter, was born October 28, 1823, at Green ville; son of James and Catherine (Lee) Dunk lin, natives respectively of South Carolina and Leesburg, N. C, the former of whom came to Alabama in 1818, and was among the first set tlers of what is now the town of Greenville; became an extensive planter; was one of the commissioners that laid out the town of Green ville, was afterward commissioner of the county, and died in Greenville in 1828. Mr. Dunklin's education was limited by his father's early death. He attended schools in the neigh borhood about three months of the year, until he was fourteen years old; entered a dry- goods house at Montgomery as a clerk at that time, remaining with that firm seven years; set up a mercantile establishment on his own account in Montgomery, 1844; moved to Green ville two years later, establishing himself in that business there, as well as becoming in terested in planting; served in the quarter master department of the C. S. Army during four years of the War of Secession; returned to the mercantile business in Greenville after the close of the war; and became a farmer of extensive plantations in Butler County, giving attention particularly to the cultivation of cotton and the breeding of stock. He was an Episcopalian; a Mason; and an Odd Fellow. Married: (1) January 19, 1847, Susan C. Bur nett, of Greenville, who died in 1861: (2) Hannah Patton, of Greenville. Children, by first marriage: 1. Walter J.; by second mar riage: 2. Patton Boiling, merchant, b. 1868, d. November 1, 1900, last residence, Greenville. Last residence: Greenville. DUNKLIN, JAMES HILLIARD, cotton mer chant, was born November 15, 1834, at Greenville, Butler County, and died May 20, 1877, at Greenville; son of Joseph and Mary Christian (Judge) Dunklin, the former a na tive of Greenville, S. C, who lived at Green ville, Ala., served six consecutive terms as county treasurer of Butler County, and died in Montgomery, and the latter a sister of Thomas James Judge, of the supreme court of Alabama; grandson of James and Elizabeth (Boiling) Dunklin, the latter being of the family of Boilings identified with the history o' Virginia; great-grandson of Col. Thomas and Mary (Cook) Hutchinson, of South Caro lina, the former an officer in Col. William Wash ington's dragoons; great-great-grandson of Capt. John Cook, who moved before the Revo lution from Brunswick County, Va., to South Carolina, and was a captain in Col. William Washington's Light Horse, participating in all its battles. He was the representative of 520 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY long lines of renowned ancestors in England. Mr. Dunklin obtained his education principally in schools of Alabama, finishing in Mont gomery; became a cotton factor in Mobile, and a banker in Greenville, at the same time own ing large interests in the mercantile business there; was elected president of the Alabama Board of Commerce; founded the Greenville collegiate institute, chartered in 1872, and acted as president until his death; was ap pointed colonel of state militia by the governor in 1876; was elected to the State senate, 1876, and died before the expiration of his term. Gen. Dunklin entered the C. S. Army, Febru ary, 1862, as captain of the Greenville Light Guards, Thirty-third Alabama regiment, Cle burne's brigade, Johnston's division; rose to the rank of colonel, and by act of congress was made brigadier-general; was wounded at Chickamauga, took part in the battles of Kennesaw Mountain, at Atlanta and elsewhere; was captured in the battle of Franklin, Novem ber 30, 1864, and was held a prisoner at John son's Island for seven months, being released after the close of the war. He was a Democrat, a trustee and member of the board of stewards of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, and was worshipful master of his lodge of Masons. Married: (1) in 1856, at Greenville, Abigail Reid, daughter of Archibald and Elizabeth Ann (Herbert) Reid; granddaughter of Dr. Hilary Herbert, pioneer settler of Butler County, who named Greenville for his former home in South Carolina; (2) Mary Jane Reid, sister of his first wife. Children: 1. Mary Judge, m. Dr. Aristides Reynolds, Marietta, Ga.; 2. Eliza beth, m. Walter O. Parmer, Edenwald, Tenn.; 3. Anna, m. J. F. Steiner, Greenville; 4. James H., m. Elizabeth Flowers. Greenville; 5. Joseph, Greenville; 6. Erin, Greenville; 7. Jennie, de ceased; 8. Lora, deceased. Last residence: Greenville. DUNKLIN, JOHN THOMAS, educator, was bom April 1, 1826, near Selma, Dallas County, and died June 20, 1886, at Auburn; son of William and Nancy Hamilton (Arnold) Dunk lin, the former a native of Greenville, S. C, who came from that place to Alabama with the first settlers of Greenville, naming that town in honor of their former home in South Carolina, the latter was from the distinguished Hamilton and Arnold families, a descendant of Alexander Hamilton; grandson of Thomas and Anne (Hamilton) Arnold; cousin of Judge Haralson, of Montgomery. Prof. Dunklin re ceived his collegiate education from LaGrange college under the administration of Dr. Carlos G. Smith and Dr. Henry Tutwiler, and was graduated from that institution, A. M. Later the degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by the University of Alabama. He chose teach ing as his vocation, and pursued it at Selma, Summerfield and Huntsville. On the organiza tion of the East Alabama male college at Au burn, November 31, 1858, Prof. Dunklin was unanimously elected a member of the faculty. He examined and classed the first students who entered the college after its erection and con tinued to instruct in that institution, being retained as professor of ancient languages when the East Alabama male college gave place to the Alabama agricultural and mechanical col lege. He declined many offers of positions in other institutions, preferring to remain in his native state, and being devoted to his chair of professor of Latin and Greek. He died in the service of the institution, giving examinations the day before his death. Before he went to Auburn, he was superintendent of education His philological attainments , were recognized by leading scholars of the north. Several of the most widely used text books in the lan guage were submitted to him for criticism by the authors before they were published. He had compiled a complete Latin-English Lexicon for publication, the manuscript of which was- de stroyed by fire, when the home was burned soon after his death. He was a Democrat. Prof. Dunklin was not a member of any church, but was a regular attendant of the Methodist church, and was the close personal friend of many pastors who conferred with him on the best translation of Greek texts from the Bible. Married: February 7, 1861, Sallie Mitchell, daughter of Jordan H. and Julia Ann (Hardin) Mitchell, the latter a descendant of the Hawk ins family of South Carolina, and the Hardins of Virginia, both of which were closely con nected with the Revolutionary War. Children: 1. d. in infancy; 2. Ann, educated at Wellesley, m. Jabez Curry Street, Opelika; 3. Janie, edu cated in Washington, D. C, m. Cyrus W. Ash- croft, Florence. Last residence: Auburn. DUNLAP, ROBERT ALLEN DORSEY, law yer, was born October 18, 1843, near Paris, Henry County, Tenn.; son of Samuel Couser and Angeline Charles (Tatum) Dunlap, who were married in North Carolina, emigrated to western Kentucky about 1,834, moved from Kentucky to Tennessee, and finally settled in Caledonia, the former a native of Lancaster District, S. C, who was born in 1808, lived in Camden, S. C. during his youth, and in early manhood moved to Guilford County, N. C; grandson of Harbert and Elizabeth (Og- burn) Tatum, who lived in Guilford County, N. C; great-grandson of William Ogburn, a physician who came from Virginia to Guilford County. His paternal ancestors were Scotch- Irish, who came to America from Ireland and settled in South Carolina. The maiden name of his maternal grandmother was Couser. Mr. Dunlap received his schooling in Paris, Tenn., and in Caledonia; was graduated from Cale donia College conducted by Prof. E. H. Randle; entered the C. S. Army in 1862; was taken sick at Corinth and returned home; enlisted in the Seventh Tennessee cavalry, Forrest's command, September, 1863; was wounded at Guntown, Miss., and surrendered at Gainesville; taught school for a short time after the war; located in DeKalb County, November, 1866, and read law in the office of David L. Nicholson; was ad mitted to the bar, 1867, and practiced law for several years with L. A. Dobbs; moved to Chat tanooga, Tenn., in 1874, and the next year, to Gadsden, where he practiced law in partner ship with Col. Densen and Col. Disque for two J. CRAIG SMITH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 523 years; was a law partner of Mr. Dortch for some years and since January, 1885, had been unassociated. He served for some time as alderman of Gadsden; was appointed register in chancery, November, 1886, and held that position until 1914; was register of the city court of Gadsden, 1895-1914; was commissioned by Gov. William C. Oates special circuit judge to hold Etowah Court, May, 1895, and special chancellor to hold September term of chancery court for Autauga, Elmore, Chilton, Shelby, Talladega, and Clay Counties, 1895; and was chairman of the board of registers for Etowah County, 1901-1911. He holds the commission of assistant adjutant general, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, Alabama divisional staff, United Confederate Veterans. He is a Demo crat; a member of Cumberland Presbyterian Church, Henry County, Tenn.; a Knight of Pythias; and is president of the Etowah County Bar Association. Married: July 30, 1868, in DeKalb County, Susan Gilreath Jaco- way, daughter of John Garrett and Nancy (Middleton) Jacoway, who lived at Trenton, Ga., the former a native of eastern Kentucky, born in 1818, who came with his family to Jackson County, spent a few years in Missis sippi and Arkansas, and helped in the removal of the Cherokee, Creek and other Indians to Indian Territory, finally locating in Trenton, Ga., where he practiced law. Children: 1. John Darwin, d. October 27, 1913, m. Myrtle Kidd, left two children, Helen and Margaret, who are living at Gadsden; 2. Samuel Devro, d. March 12, 1912; 3. Horace Eugene, general book-keeper, Federal Reserve Bank, m. Emma Hazen Lair, Atlanta, Ga.; 4. Jessie May, b. 1875, d. 1880; 5. Margaret Elizabeth, who suc ceeded her father as register in chancery, and now holds the office, Gadsden; 6. Robert Ham lin, served in the First Alabama regiment, U. S. Army, Spanish American War, d. June 7, 1908; 7. William Walter, foreman paving and concrete work, Anderson, S. C; 8. Susie, m. Robert Cowan, chemical engineer, San Fran cisco, Calif.; 9. Frank Cole, foreman, Goodyear Rubber Company, Akron, O.; 10. Ruth, m. Jackson Robert Murphy, expert salesman, Gads den and Cleveland, O. Residence: Gadsden. DUNN, WILLIAM D., lawyer, legislator, and business man, was born in Nashville, Tenn., and came to Alabama about 1832, locating in Mobile, where he practiced law; member of the Alabama legislature, 1842, and twice re-elected; nominated for congress, 1845, but defeated for election, and about this time gave up prac ticing law, to enter the railroad and insurance business, becoming president of a company in the latter business. In 1853 he received the vote of his party for U. S. senator, but was defeated. He was a Whig in politics, and a member of the home guards during the War of Secession. Married: Louise Horton of Ten nessee. Children: among the children of this marriage is William Dickson Dunn (q. v.). Last residence: Mobile. DUNN, WILLIAM DICKSON, lawyer and legislator, was born October 17, 1857, at Mo bile; son of William D., and Louise (Horton) Vol. Ill— 34 Dunn (q. v.). He was educated in the private schools of Mobile; studied law at the univer sity of Nashville, (Tenn.) but did not gradu ate, and thence entered the law department of the University of Alabama, where he received the LL. B. degree, 1881. He entered upon his profession in 1883, at Grove Hill; was for a time deputy solicitor for Clarke County; State senator from the 19th district, 1901-03. He is a Democrat and a Baptist. Married: April 12, 1887, at Grove Hill, to Minnie S., daughter of Hon. James S., and Alice (Savage) Dickinson, of that place, the former a native of Virginia, the latter of Clarke County. Residence: Grove Hill. DUNSMOOR, JAMES, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Mor gan County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on November 15, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $20. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DUNSTAN, ARTHUR ST. CHARLES, teacher, was born March 25, 1871, at Fredericks burg, Va.; son of John Harris and Louise Me- dora (Hall) Dunstan, the former who was born at Penweathers, Cornwall County, Eng land, who lived at Truro, England, at Fred ericksburg and Roanoke, Va., at Calera and Florence, Ala., and in South America and Cali fornia, and was mining engineer for a number of English and American companies; grandson of Joseph and Louise (Wood) Hall, of Fred ericksburg, Va. He obtained his early educa tion in the public schools of Fredericksburg and Roanoke, Va., in H. W. Griggs academy at Montevallo; was graduated from the Alabama polytechnic institute, at Auburn, B. S., 1889, M. E., 1890, and C. E., 1891; and took grad uate courses in Johns Hopkins university and the University of Chicago. He was an as sistant in physics, Alabama polytechnic insti tute, 1891-1892; professor of higher mathe matics, Scottsboro college, 1892-1893; associate professor of electrical engineering, University of Kansas, 1894-1899; and professor of electrical engineering, Alabama polytechnic institute, since 1899. He was at one time consulting electrical engineer for Kansas state board charities; is electrical engineer for a number of cities and private companies; was southern representative of the American Engine Company; and is a fel low in the American Association for the Ad vancement of Science. He has written various technical and scientific articles published in "Electrical World," "American Journal of Science," "Astrophysical Journal," and others. Married: September 8, 1897, at Montgomery, to Boula Pauline Persons, daughter of John Williams and Eliza Pauline Persons, who lived at Auburn. Children: 1. Arthur Mell. Resi dence: Auburn. DUPRATZ, ANTOINE SIMON LE PAGE, French historian and explorer. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. 524 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY DURR, JOHN WESLEY, Jr., wholesale drug gist, was born March 14, 1863, at Montgomery; son of John Wesley and Rebecca Hart (Holt) Durr, sr. (q. v.); grandson of Michael and Elizabeth (Pinckard) Durr, who lived at Loachapoka, and of Tournay and Elizabeth (Burke) Holt, of Montgomery. He received his early education in the city schools of Montgomery, and attended the University of Alabama during the year, 1882. He engaged in the wholesale grocery business in 1884 with T. L. Jones, Bradford Hardie, and Charles L. Gay, under the firm name of Gay, Hardie & Co., remaining in that firm for about eighteen years; and in 1896 commenced the wholesale drug business. He has been connected with the latter business continuously since that time, and is now president of the firm of Durr Drug Company. He is a Democrat and has been an elder in the First Presbyterian church at Montgomery for twenty-one years. Mar ried: November 25, 1886, at Montgomery, Lucy, daughter of James Henry and Elizabeth Lump kin (Johnson) Judkins, who lived at Wetump ka. Children: 1. Kate, m. Stanhope Elmore; 2. John Wesley; 3. James Judkins; 4. Lucy Jud kins; 5. Clifford Judkins. Residence: Mont gomery. DURR, JOHN WESLEY, Sr., warehouse, banking and commission merchant, was born June 23, 1835, near Warm Springs, Ga., and died June 30, 1909, in Montgomery; son of Rev. Michael and Elizabeth (Pinckard) Durr, of Loachapoka, the former of whom was a Methodist Episcopal circuit rider. He re ceived a common school education, and moved to Montgomery, when he was seventeen years old, starting in business first as a clerk in a grocery store, and afterwards as bookkeeper for a flouring mill. In 1855, he was employed as bookkeeper in the Central Bank of Ala bama, remained there five years, then formed a partnership with M. E. Vaughn and E. S. Johnson, and built what is now known as the Alabama warehouse. He was in the ware house and commission business under the firm name of M. E. Vaughn & Co. until 1863, when his partners sold out to Lehman Brothers. In March of that year he formed a partnership with Lehman Brothers under the firm name of Lehman, Durr & Co., which continued un til 1891 when the firm was incorporated as the Lehman Durr Company, of which Mr. Durr was president. He held that office until his death in 1909. He was also president of the Tallassee Falls Manufacturing Company, and a director of the South & North Alabama Rail road Company, at one time; was director of the First National Bank of Montgomery for about eighteen years; and was elected alderman of the city of Montgomery in 1863 and again in 1875. During the War of Secession he served In the commissary department of the C. S. Army under Col. Michael Wand's command with the rank of captain. He was a Demo crat, had been a deacon in the Presbyterian church for about forty-five years, and was a Mason. Married: November 25, 1856, in Mont gomery, Rebecca Hart Holt, daughter of Tour- nay and Elizabeth (Burke) Holt, who lived at Montgomery. Children: 1. Kate Holt; 2. Elizabeth Burke; 3. John Wesley (q. v.); 4. William Lehman, m. Wilhelmina Lanier. Last residence: Montgomery. DUSTAN, CHARLES WILLIAM, politician, member constitutional convention 1867, mem ber Alabama legislature, and soldier, was born October 24, 1834 on Staten Island, N. Y., and died June 13, 1892, at Lakewood, N. J.; son of Capt. Isaac Kip and Phoebe Ann (Simon- son) Dunstan, of Staten Island, the former a ship captain who lost his life in a storm, No vember 28, 1846, in the endeavor to secure the safety of the passengers on his ship, an act commemorated by a monument in the old Mora vian cemetery of New Dorp, Staten Island; grandson of William and Sara (Martin) Dus- tan of Elgin, Scotland and of Charles McLean and Mary (Vanderbilt) Simonson, the former a Hollander, the latter the sister of "Commo dore" Cornelius Vanderbilt. Gen. Dustan was attending the Columbia grammar school at the time of his father's death; studied later at Newport, R. I., under Dominie Chowles. In 1854, he entered the state militia and at the beginning of the War of Secession was enrolled in Co. F, 71st New York infantry regiment, was at the first battle of Manassas; promoted captain, 53rd regiment, in 1862, assistant ad jutant general, Stanley's Division, Army of the Mississippi; participated in the battles of Iuka and Corinth, or Shiloh; in 1864, served as as sistant adjutant general, 16th Army corps, at Memphis; later was brigadier-general to com mand levies for the defense of that city. At the close of the war, he resigned from the army and located in Mobile, and later going to Demopolis as sub-agent for the treasury de partment to collect confiscated Confederate cot ton. In 1867 he was a member of the Alabama constitutional convention, was strongly conser vative and offered resolutions "to abolish test oaths and remove political disabilities;" a step that made him conspicuous in American poli tics and won him friends in Alabama. He was a member of the legislature for several terms and chairman of the committee on Internal improvements; major-general of Alabama mili tia under Gov. Smith and Gov. Lindsay. He re tired to his plantation near Demopolis and en gaged in farming, until he removed his family, about 1886, to New York, and in 1891, to Lake- wood, N. J. He was a Republican and a Mason. Married: in 1865, in Demopolis, to Edith, daughter of Gen. Nathan Bryan Whitfield (q. v.). Children: 1. Edith Louise; 2. a daughter. Last residence: Lakewood, N. J. i DtrVAL, GABRIEL BERTRAND, lawyer, was born November 29, 1822, at Washington, D. C, and died October 12, 1864, at Montgomery; son of Edward Washington and Eleanor (Jones) duVal, the former of whom lived at Fort Smith and Spring Valley, Polk County, Ark., where he was Indian agent for the Cherokee Nation, and at Washington, D. C, serving in that place as private secretary to DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 525 William Loyd Jones, secretary of the navy under Madison's administration; grandson of Benjamin and Sophie (Griffith) duVal, who lived in Anne Arundel County, Md., where their son was born, and of Loyd and Eliza (Lox- ley) Jones, of Philadelphia. The duVal fam ily came from Nantes, France, about 1650 with the Huguenots. Capt. duVal received his college education from the University of Pennsylvania, where he was graduated, A. B., 1841, and later took his A. M. degree. He studied law; went to Montgomery in 1846, and entered into partnership with his brother-in- law, Rush Elmore, who had retired from the firm of Elmore & Yancey on his return from the Mexican War. Capt. duVal became chief political editor of the Montgomery "Adver tiser," later becoming editor, being connected with that newspaper for many years. He was also at one time on the staff of the Atlanta "Constitution:" He was appointed superin tendent of public education for the state of Alabama, 1858, and held that office until his death in 1864. During his term of office, he inaugurated the system of education now in use in Alabama. At the outbreak of the War of Secession, he was elected captain of the Independent Rifles, a company which was or ganized with nine others into the Sixth Ala bama regiment, Evell's brigade. He marched to Virginia with, his regiment, in May, 1861, and was with it at the battle of Manassas, al though, being too feeble to march, he had to accompany his men to the field in an ambu lance. In 1862, he was forced because of ill health to retire from the army. He returned to Alabama and resumed his editorship of the Montgomery "Advertiser." He was a Demo crat, was active in all politics and was at one time nominated for congress. He made con tributions to several magazines and papers un der the nom de plume of "Quitinan." Mar ried: June 11, 1845, at Columbia, Si. C, Julia Ellen Nesbitt, born May 18, 1826, at Limestone Springs, Spartanburg District, S. C, and died September 23, 1860, at Montgomery, daughter of Col. Wilson and Susan Tyler (duVal) Nes bitt, who lived near Columbia, S. C, the for mer a native of Dublin, Ireland, who came to America, and fought in the Revolutionary War in which he was commissioned colonel. Chil dren: 1. Julia Ellen, deceased; 2. Susan Tyler, deceased, m. duVal Radford; 3. Kate Loxley, m. Charles Scott who is deceased, children, Kate Loxley, Charles Augustus Wingfield, Rich ard Carlton Radford, John Terrell, resides in Chattanooga, Tenn.; 4. Gabriel Bertrand Ju lian, sr., m. Jennie Hurt Adams, children, Ga briel Bertrand Julian, jr., Kitty Scott, Richard Adams, Julia Ellen, resides at Lynchburg, Va. Last residence: Montgomery. DYE, JAMES T., major, 51st Alabama Parti san Rangers, C. S. Army. DYKES, G. J., machinist, was born January 31, 1815, in Wilkerson County, Georgia. His father was a minister of the gospel. When Mr. Dykes was quite small, his parents moved from his birthplace to another part of Georgia. In consequence of the extremely limited means of the family, he received very little instruc tion in schools. When he arrived at man hood he devoted himself to the construction and management of machinery. At the age of forty years, he was strongly solicited to represent a county of his native state in the general assembly, but declined. In November, 1853, he moved to Alabama, settling in Chero kee County. He usually cast his vote with the Democratic party, and in 1860, supported Stephen A. Douglas for the presidency. His firm adherence to the Union caused him to repudiate the secession party, and he remained loyal to the U. S. government all during the War of Secession. He was elected to the con stitutional convention of Alabama of 1867, from the thirty-sixth election district of Chero kee County. E EADS, JOHN, mechanic, was born in Dub lin, Ireland, and died in 1830, in Camden; son of Daniel Eads of Dublin, Ireland; uncle of Eads, the civil engineer. He received very lit tle schooling, and began quite young to learn the trade of a mechanic. When he was a young man, he moved from Ireland to Boston," Mass., and engaged in shipbuilding until 1807. That year he moved to what is now Alabama, settling near Carney's Bluff on the Tombig- bee River. Together with George Gullette, he engaged in bringing goods from Boston to Mobile Bay by schooner, transferring it to barges and delivering it to established posts on the Alabama River, where they traded it to Indians for furs. One of those posts is now the city of Montgomery, another was near what is now Choctaw Bluff, a third was at Coal Bluff, and the fourth at either Canton Bend or at Cahaba. Married: Mary Ann Fee, in Dublin, Ireland. Children: 1. Margarette, m. (1) Harry Hale, by whom she had a daugh ter Mary, who married William T. Marshall of Mobile; (2) Jerry Austill of Mobile; 2. Mary Fee, m. (1) George Gullette, to whom were born two sons, John Eads and George Samuel, (2) Sam Ervin, to whom was born one son, Robert H., who represented his -county in the state senate and died while chairman of that body, (3) Dr. Grayson, to whom was born one son, William, who served in the C. S. Army, was high priest in his chapter of Masons, was a lawyer, and died in Fairfield, Freestone County, Tex. Last residence: Cam den. EAGER, GEORGE BOARDMAN, Baptist min ister and teacher, was born February 22, 1847, at or near Rodney, Jefferson County, Miss., the second of five sons; son of Eleazer Chapin and Harriet (Ide) Eager, the former born at Scran- ton, Vt., graduated in 1841, at Madison univer sity, Hamilton, N. Y.; in 1842 came South, lived at Memphis, Tenn., and at Grenada and in Jefferson and Warren Counties, Miss., in Clinton, Miss., during the War of Secession was a refugee in Copiah County, Miss., then lived near Crystal Springs, again in Jefferson County, then in Clinton until his death in 1900, the latter lived, during girlhood, at Pas- sumpsic, Vt., was educated at New Hampton, N. H, and in Philadelphia, where in 1841, she 526 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY was married to the former. Dr. Eager took full course in the preparatory department of Mississippi college, Clinton; 1868-69, in Oak land college, Miss.; 1870-71, in Mississippi col lege, graduating with degree of A. M. and first honor in 1871; received degree of D. D. from University of Tennessee, 1881, and Howard col lege, 1882, and that of LL. D. from Georgetown college, Ky., 1908. He entered the ministry of the Baptist churdh, in 1872 ; was ordained to its full ministry; took full course at the Southern Bap tist theological seminary, at Greenville, S. C, since at Louisville, Ky., finishing in 1876, and post graduate course at Washington and Lee university, Lexington, Va., 1876-8. He has been pastor at Lexington, Knoxville, Tenn., Mobile, Danville, Va., and Anniston and Montgomery; from 1900 has been professor of biblical in troduction and pastoral theology in the Semi nary at Louisville. In the War of Secession, he was courier, 1863-64, for Gen. William Ma hone, Army of Northern Virginia, and sergeant- major, 1864-5 of Powers' regiment, Griffith's brigade, southwestern department, in May, 1865, surrendered at State Line Station, Mobile and Ohio railroad, above Mobile. He is a Democrat; and a Mason. He has written "Lec ture Outlines in Biblical Introduction," and many articles for the Homiletic review, Review and expositor, Methodist quarterly and other periodicals, and for Hastings' "Dictionary of Christ and the Gospels," and the "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia." Married: Feb ruary 20, 1880, at Jackson, Miss., to Annie E., daughter of Dr. William Fenner and Anna (Banks) Coor-Pender, who lived at Clinton; related to the Banks family of Banks' Ford, near Fredericksburg, Va., and through them to the Bruces of Scotland, and the Overtons of Virginia, Tennessee and Kentucky, the former was a member of the "Raymond Fencibles" and was surgeon in the War of Secession; great- granddaughter of John Overton, who served, with Patrick Henry, in the Revolutionary War, was made colonel on the field of Monmouth, and was a member of the original Society of the Cincinnati. Children: 1. William G., graduate Dupont manual training school, Louisville, Ky., 1904, and in mechanical engineering, with de gree, University of Pennsylvania, 1908, m. Eu gene M. Johnston, Birmingham, resides in Val- dosta, Ga., general manager for Municipal serv ice company, Philadelphia; 2. George Banks, graduate Louisville male high school, 1906, and academic and law departments, University of Virginia, 1910, since fall of 1911, adjunct pro fessor of law, University of Virginia; 3. Walter Hillman, graduate Louisville male high school, 1910, finished junior year, Washington and Lee university, 1912, resides Huntington, W. Va., agent Connecticut mutual life insurance com pany. Residence: Norton Hall, Louisville, Ky. EAGER, WILLIAM GORONWY, civil and electrical engineer, and packer, was born Janu ary 22, 1885, at Mobile; son of George Board- man and Anna Elizabeth (Coor-Pender) Eager, the former a native of Clinton, Miss., a noted Baptist divine who served pastorates in Vir ginia, Alabama and Kentucky, is now profes sor in the Southern Baptist theological semi nary, Louisville, and was a Confederate sol dier; grandson of and Anna (Banks) Coor-Pender who lived at "Greenbank," near Fredericksburg, Stafford County, Va. The Eager ancestry is English, and settled first in Vermont, later moving south. Anna Coor-Pen der, was a direct descendant of John Bruce, brother of Robert Bruce of Scotland, and of Col. John Overton of Louisa County, Va. Mr. Eager received his preparatory education at Stark's university school, Montgomery, grad uating with first honors, and was valedictorian at the Du Pont manual training school, Louisville, Ky.; graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, 1908, B. S. in M. E., and re ceived, in 1913, from that institution the hon orary degree of mechanical engineer. He entered upon his business career in the employ of Birmingham blast furnaces, 1909; super intendent Staunton, (Va.) lighting company, 1910-12; vice-president Valdosta (Ga.) light ing company, 1912-18; consulting engineer, re presenting northern syndicates in the con struction and operation of ice, gas and electric plants; now, 1920, president of the Old South packing company and subsidiary packing plants, at Valdosta, Ga.; sub-chairman for southern Georgia, naval consulting board of the United States, April, 1916, to the close of the World War; an advisory engineer, division of chemicals, U. S. food administration. On America's entrance into the World War, he en tered military service, and was during 1918 and 1919, lieutenant of senior grade, U. S. Navy, R. F., officer in charge, field production, bureau of steam engineering, Fourth naval district. He designed the trench shot gun that was adopted by General Pershing and used to some extent by the American Expeditionary Forces in France. He is a member of the national en gineering society; American society mechani cal engineers; American institute of electrical engineers; American society of refrigerating engineers. He is a Democrat; and a Baptist; a Knight Templar; Shriner; and Rotarian; also a member of the University Club of Philadel phia, Pa.; and of the Kappa Alpha college fra ternity. Married: April 25, 1911, at Birming ham, to Eugene Morehead, daughter of General Robert D. and Elizabeth (Evens) Johnston (q. v.) of that city. Children: 1. Johnsie Evans; 2. Hartman; 3. William G., jr.; 4. Anna Banks. Residence: Valdosta, Ga. EARLE, FRANK SUMNER, professor of bi ology and horticulture, 1896-1901, at the Ala bama polytechnic institute. Residence: Colum bia university, N. Y. EARLE, SAMUEL, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Wash ington County; private Virginia Continental Line; enrolled on January 5, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $200. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 527 EARNEST, WILLIAM S., lawyer, was born in Tennessee and located in Jefferson County about 1835. He taught school, read law pri vately, and was admitted to the bar in 1842. He represented his county in the legislature of 1851, and was elected to the constitutional con vention of 1861, voting against the Ordinance of Secession; ran for congress during the latter year but was defeated. In 1853 he was a can didate for governor, running unsuccessfully, against Governor Winston, and received more than ten thousand votes, his platform being an advocacy of the internal improvement, with the aid of the State. EASTERLY, LEWIS ALBERT, business man and examiner of accounts, was born December 31, 1866, in Lowndes County; son of Lewis Anderson and Mary (Dixon) Easterly, the former was born in Greenville, Greene County, Tenn., later located in Lowndes County where he owned a plantation near the village of Sandy Ridge; enlisted in Semples Battery, C. S. Army, and served throughout the war with that command with the exception of a brief period of detached service; grandson of Casper and Elizabeth (Bible) Easterly, and of Wil liam J. and Hannah E. (McGinney) Dixon. The Easterly family was of German descent, and came to America about 1743, settling years afterwards in East Tennessee. The Dixons are of Scotch-Irish stock. The orginal an cestor came to America in its early settlement, and took part in the Revolutionary War. De scendants fought in the War of 1812. Dr. James A. McGinney moved to> Alabama and lived to a ripe old age. Senator Easterly was educated in the common schools of Alabama; later attended Smith's commercial college at Lexington, Ky. He spent his youth and early manhood on the farm; later became a book keeper for a large business concern; on No vember 3, 1898, entered the office of the probate judge as clerk; elected to the State senate of 1915 from the Sixteenth district; served the unexpired term of Probate Judge Wood; ap pointed examiner of accounts by Gov. Hender son, and reappointed by Gov. Kilby. He is also cashier of the Hayneville bank. From 1900 for about ten years he edited the "Citi zens-Examiner" at Hayneville. He is a Demo crat; a Presbyterian; and a Mason. Married: October 15, 1900, at Mount Willing, to Lena, daughter of John M. and Naomi (Maples) Lee. The Maples family came to Alabama from South Carolina. Children: 1. Mary Dixon; 2. Lewis A., jr. Residence: Hayneville. EASTIS, JAMES ANDREW, business man and legislator, was born September 30, 1848, in Jefferson County; son of Daniel and Nancy (Ellard) Eastis, the former originally from Raleigh, N. C, the "latter of Jefferson County; grandson of Willis and Sallie (Cummins) Eastis, and of Johnson and Ruthie (McAdams) Ellard, all of Jefferson County. He was edu cated in the common schools of his native county. He is a business man. He was one of the representatives from Jefferson County in the legislature of 1911. He is a Democrat; Mason; Odd Fellow; and an Elk. Married: De cember 16, 1868, in Jefferson County, to Nancy Elizabeth, daughter of John and Mary (Arm strong) Moses, of that county. Children: 1. Ida Vann, deceased; 2. Alice, m. Charles Helm; 3. William Dosier, m. Sallie Armstrong; 4. David Lee, m. Fannie Johnson; 5. Clara Belle, deceased; 6. John Huey, deceased; 7. Daniel McCarty; 8. Jessie Francis, m. Earl Truitt; 9. Odie Alexander, deceased. Residence: Brigh ton. EATON, JOSEPH GILES, real admiral, U. S. Navy, was born January 29, 1847, at Greenville, and died March 8, 1913; son of William Pitt and Sarah Farewell (Brazer) Eaton. He was educated in the private schools of Lockport, N. Y.; Union academy; Worcester military academy, and U. S. naval academy, Annapolis, Md. He was appointed mid-shipman, U. S. Navy, 1863; ensign, 1869; master, 1870; lieu tenant, 1871; lieutenant commander, 1888; com mander, 1896; captain, 1901; and retired with the rank of rear-admiral, June 30, 1905. He was commander of the U. S. ships Enterprise, Resolute, Chesapeake, Oregon and Massachu setts; was engaged in inter-oceanic surveys, Isthmus of Panama and Darien, 1870-74; and member of Steel board, 1893-95. He won medals for the battles of Manzanillo and San tiago, and a medal of honor, Spanish-American War. He was an Episcopalian. Last resi dence : Boston. EASTON, THOMAS S., major, 32nd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. ECHOLS, JAMES WALTER, planter, was born in Georgia, and died in 1869, in Tuske gee County. His early advantages were mea ger, and he was for several years employed in a mercantile house. He came to Alabama, resided for some time at Auburn, and in 1853 came to Tuskegee. He was elected to the State legislature as a representative from Tus kegee County for three terms, and served for some time during the War of Secession as a field officer of the Thirty-fourth Alabama regi ment, C. S. Army. He was a wealthy planter. Last residence: Tuskegee County. ECHOLS, JOHN H., major, 2nd Alabama re serves, OS. Army. ECHOLS, WILLIAM HOLDING, cotton fac tor, was born March 11, 1834, at Huntsville, and died November 13, 1909, at Huntsville; son of William and Mary (Hobbs) Echols, natives, respectively, of Pittsylvania County, and near Lynchburg, Va., the former of whom went to Huntsville at the age of sixteen, served several terms as mayor of that town, and was for some years probate judge of the county; grand son of William and Mary (Farmer) Echols, who emigrated from Pittsylvania County, Va., to Madison County, in 1816, and settled at New Market; and of John Hobbs, who emigrated from Virginia to Huntsville; brother of John H. Echols, secretary of state of Mississippi during the War of Secession; of Larkin W. Echols, who served in an Alabama regiment of the C. S. Army, and was a planter and mer- 528 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY chant at Senatobia, Miss.; of David H. Echols, a railroad man who was drowned in the Yazoo River, Mississippi, while on a hunting tour; of James H. Echols, a lieutenant in Russell's regiment, Wheeler's command, who was killed at Atlanta; and of Charles P. Echols, a farmer in Mississippi. He was prepared in Green Academy, Huntsville; then entered business in Huntsville, and in Mississippi; was ap pointed a cadet, and entered the U. S. Military Academy at West Point, N. Y., 1854; was graduated fourth in his class at West Point, and commissioned second lieutenant of topographi cal engineers, July 1, 1858. He was retained as an instructor at West Point for two months, then ordered on engineering duty at the army post, San Antonio, Tex. During his service in the U. S. Army in Texas, he was assigned to duty as chief engineer of a party to make preliminary surveys for an available route across the Great American Desert, through Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, to California. The party making this survey made use of camels imported by the government to facili tate the crossing of the unknown and arid country. Lieut. Echols resigned from the U. S. Army, March 21, 1861, and joined the C. S. Army. He was first posted at Fort St. Phillip and Jackson, below New Orleans; then was ordered to Savannah, Ga., where he helped build fortifications, and was employed in or ganizing and drilling troops. He was elected colonel of the Twenty-ninth Georgia regiment, but could not accept because of the special re quest of President Davis, under the advice of Gen. Beauregard, that he be retained for service as engineer officer owing to the scarcity of engineers in the army. He was commis sioned major of engineers in the C. S. Army and was ordered to Charleston, S. C. After the war, he was for a time civil engineer on the Memphis & Charleston Railroad; then became bookkeeper in the Bell Factory Cotton Mills, near Huntsville, rehabilitated the mills, serving as secretary, treasurer and superintendent from 1874, until they closed down in 1884. He be came president of the First National Bank of Huntsville, and held that position until a few months before his death. He was a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Mason; and a Knight of' Pythias. His reports of the assault of the enemy's fleet, on Fort Sumter, are published in the record of the "War of the Rebellion," published by the U. S. government, series 1, vol. 14. Married: January 19, 1859, Mary Beirne Patton, daughter of Dr. Charles Hays and Susan Plunkett (Beirne) Patton, of Hunts ville, the former of whom was graduated, A. B., from Yale University, and M. D., from University of Pennsylvania; granddaughter of William and Martha (Hays) Patton, natives respectively of Londondery, Ireland, and Louisa County Va., who settled in Huntsville; great- granddaughter of Robert and Jane (Ramsey) Patton, natives of Londonderry, Ireland, who came to Monroe County, Va. Children: 1. William Holding, b. December 2, 1859, at San Antonio, Tex., was graduated from the Uni versity of Virginia, B. S., C. E., m. (1) Mary Elizabeth Blakey, of Charlottesville, Va., de ceased, (2) Elizabeth Mitchell Harrison, of New York City, now professor of mathematics, University of Virginia; 2. Susan Patton, m. Robert Elias Spregins, of Huntsville; 3. Charles Patton, attended University of Vir ginia, appointed as cadet from Huntsville to U. S. Military Academy, West Point, was grad uated third in his class, 1891, and commis sioned lieutenant of engineers, U. S. Army, served as colonel and professor of mathematics, U. S. School of Military Aeronautics, West Point, N. Y., 1914. Last residence: Huntsville. EDDINS, BENJAMIN, planter, was born in Edgefield District, S. C, and died in Hunts ville in 1818; son of Theophilus and Elizabeth Eddins, of Virginia", who later moved to Edge field, the family being originally from England. He engaged actively in establishing American independence; operating near Ninety-six, with independent bands of patriots and was cap tured by Col. Cruger, who sought to win him from his loyalty to the patriot cause, but being unsuccessful, finally released him. He imme diately joined Gen. Pickens and served to the close of the Revolution. His wife was wounded by a Tory captain, his property confiscated and his home burned. He removed to Madison County prior to 1816, with his son, Joseph Balus. He was a Baptist. Married: in Edge field, to Judith Norris. Children: 1. William; 2. James; 3. Theophilus; 4. Fanny; 5. Anny; 6. Joseph (q. v.); 7. John; 8. Rebekah; 9. Wash ington. Last residence: Huntsville. EDDINS, BENJAMIN FARRAR, planter, was born in Edgefield District, S. C, March 20, 1813, and died in Tuscaloosa, April 10, 1865; son of Joseph Balus and Elizabeth (Walker) Eddins (q. v.) ; grandson of Benjamin and Judith (Norris) Eddins (q. v.). He was edu cated In the schools of Edgefield; moved with his family to Madison County, in 1814; in 1817 removed with his father's family to Tuscaloosa County. He was a planter on an extensive scale; a Confederate soldier, taking part in the defense of Tuscaloosa, in 1865; was wounded April 3 and died of his wounds April 10. He was a Whig, and a Baptist. Married: in 1839 in Abbeville, S. C, to Elizabeth Mc- Cracken, daughter of and Tabitha (Wilson) McCracken of Abbeville. Children: 1. Alexander McCracken, m. Harriette Neal; 2. Mary, m. Robert Holloway McCallum of Birmingham; 3. Nonie, m. James Austin Og- burn; 4. Lollie, m. H. L. Barefield; 5. Emma, deceased; 6. Harriette, m. James B. Isbelle; 7. Bennie, deceased; 8. Anna, m. James Luther Foster; 9. Marion Banks, m. Hattie Terrell. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. EDDINS, JOSEPH BALUS, sr., planter, was bom in 1781, in Edgefield District, S. C, and died September 14, 1839, in Tuscaloosa; son of Benjamin and Judith (Norris) Eddins (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of his commun ity; was a planter in Edgefield, until his re moval to Madison County, previous to 1816. In 1817, he located on a large plantation in Tuscaloosa County, where he engaged in farm ing. He was a Baptist. Married: in 1803, to Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel and Martha Jef- JOHN C. EYSTER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 531 ferson (Bell) Walker. Children: 1. Samuel Walker, m. Sarah Shivers; 2. Mary Ann, m. John S. Caldwell; 3. Elvira, m. 1st wife of Jones; 4. Cynthia, m. 2nd wife of Jones; 5. Benjamin Farrar, m. Elizabeth McCracken (q. v.) ; 6. Joseph Balus, jr., m. (1) Clement Miller, (2) Mrs. Kittie (Palmer) Haley; 7. Simeon, M. D., m. Martha Bealle; 8. James Pleasents, deceased; 9. Patrick Henry, m. Harriette Todd; 10. Eldred, d. unmarried; 11. Elizabeth, d. unmar ried. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. EDDINS, SIMEON JACKSON, married Martha Jane Bealle. Deceased. Last resi dence: Tuscaloosa. EDGAR, GEORGE MATHEWS, educator, was born March 1, 1837, at Union, Monroe County, Va., now West Virginia, and died at Paris, Ky., October 18, 1913; son of Thomas and Eliza Alexander (Byrnside) Edgar, natives of Vir ginia, the former of whom was a merchant at Union, Monroe County, Va.; grandson of Thomas and Ann (Mathews) Edgar, who lived at Greenbrier County, Va.; and of Col. and Elizabeth (Alexander) Byrnside, who lived in Monroe County, Va., the former commanded a regiment, outfitted by himself, in the War of 1812; great-grandson of George Edgar, of Scotch-Irish descent, who lived in Bedford County, Va. He received his elementary edu cation at Union, W. Va.; entered the Virginia Military institute, and was graduated fifth in his class, A. B., 1856; was assistant instructor in that institution, 1857; was appointed profes sor of natural philology and astronomy in the Military academy at Charleston, S. C., 1859; taught natural science at Tallahassee, Fla.; en listed as a private in the C. S. Army, near Pensacola, Fla., April 2, 1860; later obtained a discharge and returned to Virginia, where he assisted in raising a company, the Twenty- sixth Virginia regiment, Edgar's battalion, serving first as captain and later as colonel; took part in many engagements, chief of which were the battles of Lewisburg, W. Va., where he was shot through the chest, Rocky Gap, New Market, second Cold Harbor and Win chester; after the war, entered the University of Virginia, taking special work in mathe matics, physics and chemistry, 1865-1866; taught at Oakland, Miss., then for fifteen years conducted schools for boys and girls in Ken tucky, including Franklin Female college, Edgar institute at Paris, Avehorage Training school for Boys, and Bowling Green Female college; was elected president of the Univers ity of Arkansas, 1884; four years later ac cepted the presidency of the University of Florida, which position he held for five years; became professor of physics and astronomy in the University of Alabama; and from 1898 until his death in 1913, served as professor of science in Occidental college, California, and as principal of training schools. The degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by the Virginia Military institute, and by Howard college. He was a Democrat, and an elder in the Presbyterian church. Married: November 4, 1867, at Lewisburgh, W. Va., Rebecca Fry, daughter of Judge Joseph L. and Elizabeth Ann (McElhenney) Fry, of Lewisburgh and Wheeling, W. Va., the former of whom was a state senator, and a judge at Charleston, S. O, and Wheeling, W. Va.; great-great-granddaugh ter of Col. Joshua Fry, Washington's senior in command of Virginia forces in 1754, a com missioner of the Crown in continuing the line between Virginia and North Carolina, a peace commissioner and maker of the map of Vir ginia, and a professor in William and Mary college. Children: 1. Gertrude Douglas, m. Dr. J. T. Van Sant, Paris, Ky.; 2. Elizabeth Randolph, m. Judge Ormond Somerville (q. v.), Montgomery; 3. George Thomas, b. 1875, d. November 9, 1898, at Mobile; 4. John Blanton, b. July 2, 1877, m. Addie Myers, Memphis, Tenn.; 5. Russell Bliss, b. April 4, 1880, teacher at V. M. I., 1899-1901, law student, 1900, teacher in Tuscaloosa graded schools for several years, now principal of the Edgar school for boys, Montgomery; 6. Dr. Graham, m. Isobel Mar shall, Charlottesville, Va. Last residence: Paris, Ky. EDMONDS, HENRY MORRIS, Presbyterian minister, was born November 23, 1878, at York, Sumter County; son of William and Alice Frances (Morris) Edmonds, the former born at Kilmarnock, Lancaster County, Va., lived at Baltimore, Md., Coatapa, Meridian, Miss., and York, served during last three years of the War of Secession as private in Gen. A. P. Hill's divi sion, Jackson's corps, Army Northern Virginia; grandson of Robert and Elizabeth (George) Edmonds, who lived in Lancaster County, Va., and whose ancestors immigrated from England to Lancaster County, and of Henry and Emma Jane (Sauls) Morris, who lived at Columbus, Ga., Montgomery, Montevallo and Selma. Rev. Mr. Edmonds was educated at York, Meridian, and the Military school at Demopolis; gradu ated, with degree of A. B., at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1899; president of the Philomathesian, a literary society; president of his class, of the Y. M. C. A., and of the ath letic association; editor-in-chief of magazine and annual; captain of the football, baseball and track teams; graduate of Presbyterian the ological seminary of Kentucky, located at Louisville, with B. D. degree, 1907. In May, 1907, Mr. Edmonds became pastor of the First Presbyterian church, Montgomery, and in April, 1913, of the South Highlands Presby terian church, Birmingham. He is a Mason. Married: April 30, 1907, at Louisville, Ky., to Mary Armstrong, daughter of William Bowyer and Susan Armstrong (Harris) Fleming, who lived at Midway and Louisville, Ky. Children: 1. Arnold Harris; 2. Henry Morris, jr.; 3. Mary Fleming. Residence: Birmingham. EDMONDS, JAMES ANTHONY, merchant and legislator, was bom August 1, 1877, at Berry Station, Fayette County; son of John and Manervia (Stoddard) Edmonds, the former of Natural Bridge, served as a private in the U. S. Army, the latter of Stoddard Cross Roads; grandson of Nathaniel and Sarah Edmonds of Tuscaloosa, and of Samuel and Mary (Cooper) Stoddard, of Fayette County. He is a mer- 532 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY chant, a miner, and a shipper of stone coal. He was formerly a justice of the peace. He rep resented Winston county in the legislature of 1911. He is a Republican; Methodist; and an Odd Fellow. Married: December 25, 1899, at Jasper, to Maud, daughter of Joel A. and May (West) King, of Natural Bridge. Children: 1. Amzia; 2. Blanche; 3. Mamie; 4. Laura; 5. James; 6. Ruth. Residence: Natural Bridge. EDWARDS, JAMES HAMILTON, farmer and legislator, was born May 28, 1857, at Catalpa, Pike County; son of William Franklin and Martha (Reeves) Edwards, the former a Con federate soldier, and native of Butts County, Ga., who removed to Pike County; grandson of Jesse T. and Martha J. (Murphree) Reeves, the former an early legislator from Pike Coun ty, and of James Harvey Edwards, of North Carolina, who served in the War of 1812. He received only a limited education. He has al ways been a farmer. He was one of the rep resentatives from Pike County in the legisla ture of 1903. He is a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: December 5, 1879, to Queen Victoria, daughter of Benjamin and Malinda Hickman. Residence: Catalpa. EDWARDS, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 82, and a resident of Perry County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on September 26, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $75; sums received to date of publication of list, $225. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. EDWARDS, JOHN LITTLETON, farmer; was born May 22, 1861, at Old Town, Dallas County; son of Daniel B. and Love E. (Tray lor) Ed wards, the former a native of Dallas County, who served three years as lieutenant and cap tain in the C. S. Army, was a magistrate of Dallas County and a member of the board of education; grandson of Littleton and Linna Ed wards and of John and Mary Traylor, all of Dallas County. Both grandfathers were from Edgefield District, S. C, coming to Alabama during the early settlement of the State. Rep resentative Edwards received his early educa tion in the country school near Old Town, and at Pleasant Hill, later attending Howard Col lege at Marion, 1878-9. He has been a farmer in Dallas County since about 1880. He served as magistrate from 1900 to 1910; and has been a member of the county board of education since April, 1911. He was elected to the State legislature from Dallas County in 1919. He is a Democrat. Married: November 30, 1884, near Old Town, to Lula, daughter of Calvin and Leonora Young, the former of whom served in the C. S. Army as a private in the second Mississippi battalion and later in the forty- eighth Mississippi infantry regiment, and was elected to the State legislature, 1900 and 1902. Children: 1. George Traylor, physician, m. Annie Lou Edwards, Birmingham. Residence: Tyler. EDWARDS, JOSEPH H, physician, was born November 24, 1874, at Willenhall, England, and died April 16, 1908, in Birmingham. He came to Alabama from England about 1887 with relatives; attended Birmingham medi cal college, graduating M. D., 1897. From 1897 until his death he practiced his profession at Wylam. He was president of the Wylam board of education; an Episcopalian; and a Mason. Married: September 13, 1900, to Edith Thomas. Two children were born of this marriage. Last residence: Wylam. EDWARDS, M. P., Missionary Baptist min ister; living in 1913. Residence: Auburn. EDWARDS, PERRY, merchant, was born Oc tober 8, 1839, near Maplesville, in Bibb, now Chilton, County; son of John Sandford and Mary Ann (Cox) Edwards, the former a native of Randolph County, N. C, who moved to Tyler, Tex., where he taught school and served as a Justice of the peace for a number of years; grandson of Isaac and Nancy (Lawrence) Ed wards, and of Mathew and Nancy (Lawley) Cox, all of whom lived near Mapleville; great- grandson of Benjamin Lawrence, and of Wil liam Edwards, an English emigrant, who set tled in North Carolina. Mr. Edwards was edu cated by his father in Texas until his fourteenth year, and then attended country schools. He enlisted in Co. F, Eleventh Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and served in all the prin cipal battles of the army of Northern Virginia until the surrender at Appomattox. After the war, he taught school in Clarke County, Miss., and in Alabama in Washington County for Aft- teen years; served as justice of the peace in the latter county for thirty-five years; and served for two terms as county commissioner. He was elected to the house of representatives from Washington County in 1907; and is now engaged in, mercantile business at Escatawpa. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: (1) to Susan B. Doster, daughter of Absalom Doster of Prattville; (2) to Mrs. Mary A. (An derson) Thompson, from near Talladega; (3) at Louisville, Miss., to Mrs. Julia A. (Green) Turner, daughter of Joel and Easter (Baxter) Green, of Leaksville, Miss. Children: 1. and 2. Moses and Aaron, twins, both deceased; 3. Mattie Belle, m. James D. Anthony; 4. Fanny, m. J. W. Weidman. Residence: Escatawpa. EDWARDS, WILLIAM H, member constitu tional conventions, of 1861 and of 1865 from Blount County. EFA HADJO, EFAN HANJO, or MAD DOG, Creek Chief. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. EHRENREICH, BERNARD C, rabbi, was born June 11, 1876, in Hungary; son of Henry R. and Hannah (Weiss) Ehrenreich, of Hun gary, who came to New York in 1879; grand son of Calonimus and Annie Weiss, who lived in Hungary. He attended the public schools of New York City, the College of the City of New York, and the University of New York, from DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 533 which latter institution he was graduated, Ph.B., 1900. He took a postgraduate course in semetics at the University of Pennsylvania, and entered the Jewish theological seminary of America, where he was graduated with the degree of rabbi. He occupied his first position in 1900, as rabbi at Atlantic City, remaining there one year, although he had been elected for two years. He was released from his con tract by the Atlantic congregation upon the request of the congregation Adath Jeshurun of Philadelphia, to which position he was called. He remained with that congregation until the summer of 1906, when he was called to his present position of Rabbi Kahl, Mont gomery. Rabbi Ehrenreich conducts a camp for boys during the summer months at Minoc- qua, Wis. The camp was established in 1915, and opened for its first session in 1916. He was a member of the Jewish congress, hav ing been elected to represent the Jewish people' of Alabama; and during the European War, was active in Jewish Welfare Board work, be ing stationed at Camp Sheridan. He is a thirty-second degree Mason, and for a number of years was director of the Scottish Rite work in Montgomery for the lodge and the chapter; and is chaplain of his lodge of Elks. Married: December 17, 1902, New York City, Irma S. Bock, daughter of Louis and Rose (Waterman) Bock, of that city; granddaughter of Dr. S. Waterman, a surgeon in the U. S. Army during the War of Secession, and later, surgeon to the police department of New York City, and professor of medicine in Eclectic medical college, New York City. Children: 1. Louis S., b. March 17, 1904, Philadelphia, Pa.; 2. Rosemary, b. May 18, 1906, Philadelphia, Pa. Residence: Montgomery. ELEY, BENNET TILMAN, banker, was born April 6, 1842, at Union Springs, Bullock County; son of Micajah Norflette and Ann Thomas (Moore) Eley, the former a native of North Carolina, lived from 1837 to 1899, the year of his death, at Union Springs, was school teacher, surgeon, intendant of Union Springs, County commissioner, planter, and Baptist min ister; grandson of Michael and Martha (Hils- man) Cody, who lived at Union Springs, and whose earliest known ancestors immigrated in 1620 to America, this branch coming from Eng land to North Carolina; grandparents both born, in 1773, in North Carolina, and married there in 1793 or '94, moved about 1814 to Han cock County, Ga., and thence in 1835 or '36 to Union Springs, finishing their lives there, and of Jefferson and Elizabeth Moore, who lived in Wilkes County, Ga.; great-grandson of James Hilsman, captain in the Revolutionary War, serving to its close. He was educated at schools in Union Springs and its vicinity. He was in mercantile business from 1870 to '94; from the latter year has been president of Bul lock County bank, Union Springs. In 1902-4, he was mayor of Union Springs; was member of constitutional convention, 1901. At the age of twenty, he enlisted in the C. S. Army; from April, 1862, to April, 1865, was first sergeant Co. L, Third Alabama infantry regiment, Army North Virginia. He is a Democrat; and a Bap tist. Married: March 22, 1876, at Union Springs, to Wilella, daughter of James H. and Elvira S. (Noble) Fielder, who lived at Union Springs; ancestry traced to and beyond the American Revolution. Children: 1. lone Hils man, m. Christopher Lewis Gholston, resides Union Springs. Residence: Union Springs. ELKOURIE, HAICKEL ALEXANDER, physi cian, was born March 6, 1880, at Wadi El Haraish, Syria; son of Alexander Estephen and Badora (Ead) Elkourie, the former born at Wadi El Haraish, Syria, brother of Rt Rev. Elias Elkourie, orator and evangelist, protector of Christians, handsome stone church, "St. Elias," in the Wadi, bears above its en trance a poem reciting that he built and paid for the church; grandson of Rev. Father Estephen and Badora Elkourie, who lived at Wadi El Haraish, the former noted Catholic priest and orator, died in 1861, in the course of the war between the Druses and Christians at Mt. Lebanon, his body being cut into pieces by the Druses, and of Saseen and Mary Ead, who lived at Wadi El Haraish. Dr. Elkouri received his early education at the Jesuit col lege in Zobla, Syria; attended the University of Nashville, 1897-1901, graduating with the degree of M. D. He is a physician by profesL sion; practiced in Todd, Ky., 1901-04; in 1903, was elected to the vice-presidency of the South Kentucky medical association; 1904-05, prac ticed in Nashville, Tenn., and now practices in Birmingham. He is a Democrat; a Roman Catholic; Knight of Columbus; Knight of Pythias; Red Man; and member of the Wood men of the World. He translated "The Clans man" into Arabic, the translation being pub lished in 1904, wrote a pamphlet entitled "In Defense of the Semitic," and presented to the immigration commission of congress, a pro test against the educational test. He is inter ested in the movement for good roads; made address before the National Child Labor Con ference, on the "Assimilation of the Immi grant;" favors local option; presided, in 1908, at the meeting in Carnegie Hall, N. Y., in cele bration of the Turkish Constitution. Married: at Russellville, Ky., Enna, daughter of Press- ley and Millie Rajor, who lived at Clifty, Ky. Children: 1. Leo Alexander. Residence: Bir mingham. ELLERBE, J. A., superintendent of educa tion of Hale County; living in 1913. ELLETT, JARVIS, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, resided in Lawrence County, June 1, 1840, with Jon. Wilson. — Cen sus of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. ELLIDGE, ABRAHAM, soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Lawrence County; private S. C. Militia; en rolled on October 19, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $30; sums received to date of publication of list, $90. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Lawrence County, June 1, 1840, aged 80. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. 534 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ELLIOTT, EDGAR MEADOR, merchant and legislator, was born December 9, 1869, at Carthage, Hale County; son of Joseph Alexan der and Louisa Ann (Meador) Elliott, the former a native of Havana, Hale County; grandson of M. B. and Priscilla Meador, of Tuscaloosa. He was educated in the common schools of Havana; and graduated, B. S., 1889, from the Southern university. Since 1890 he has been a merchant at Moundville; since 1900 postmaster of that place; and was elected a rep resentative from Hale County in the legislature of 1903. He is a Democrat; and a Mason. Married: October 15, 1902, to Minnie Friend, daughter of Albert G. and Sarah Augusta (Beck) Barnes, of Demopolis. Residence: Moundville. ELLIOTT, JAMES KELLY, Confederate sol dier, was born August 28, 1837, at Talladega, Talladega County, and died March 22, 1908; son of Dawson Burgess and Didama (Kelly) Elliott, the former a native of Franklin County, Tenn., a resident of Talladega from 1833 to 1849 at which time he died; grandson of Capt. Thomas and Elizabeth (Bledsoe) Elliott, and of Thomas Kelly, both of Bedford County, Tenn. He was educated in the public schools of Talladega; en listed in Co. E, 10th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, in 1862, and after six months' ser vice was discharged on account of ill health; reenlisted as first lieutenant, Co. I, 30th Ala bama infantry regiment, March, 1864, and served with distinction, being" promoted to lieut.-colonel of his Regiment. He was a Dem ocrat; and a Baptist. Married: In 1866, at Talladega, Parisina, daughter of Randolph New- som of Franklin, Tenn. ELLIOTT, JAMES MADISON, manufacturer, was born November 12, 1854, at Rome, Ga.; son of James M. and Emily J. (Hoss) Elliott, natives respectively of North Carolina and Alabama, the former the owner of steamboats plying between Rome, Ga., and Gadsden, mer chant, cotton compress manufacturer, and builder of the Round Mountain furnace, who died May, 1899, the latter a descendant of Daniel Boone; grandson of Daniel A. Elliott, a tobacco grower and farmer of North Carolina, and of Jacob Hoss, a farmer of Johnson City, Tenn.; great grandson of Christopher Colum bus Stanley, an officer in the Revolution. He was educated in the schools of Rome, Ga., and at Emory and Henry college, Virginia. He became clerk on one of the steamboats plying between Rome and Gadsden, on the Coosa River; after a year became captain of the boat for four years; removed to Gadsden, where he was made general manager of the Gads den Steamboat Company, which soon had full control of the transportation between the two cities; at the same time was operating sev eral sawmills in partnership with R. B. Kyle, and was dealing in cotton in Gadsden, where he had a large warehouse. In 1883, he disposed of his interests in Alabama and went to Kan sas City, where he entered the lumber busi ness. Four years later he returned to Gads den, built the Elliott car works, which after twelve years was reorganized and went under the name of the Southern Car & Foundry Com pany, with Mr. Elliott as president and general manager. In December, 1902, he resigned and disposed of his stock to devote his time to the Elliott-Chapman Coal & Coke Company, of which he is president. He is also president of the Alabama Iron & Steel Company; of the Alabama City Land & Development Company; of the Elliott Fruit Company, and of the Elliott Live Stock Company. He served as mayor of Gadsden, 1897-1898. He is a Democrat and a Presbyterian. Married: January 15, 1878, Nena Kyle, daughter of Col. R. B. and Mary (Nichols) Kyle. Children: 1. Kyle; 2. Har vey; 3. Cornelia; 4. Milton, killed while in U. S. Army; 5. James M., jr. Residence: Gadsden. ELLIOTT, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 79, and a resident of Morgan County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on July 10, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol, xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. ELLIOTT, JOHN, circuit judge, 1868. ELLIOTT, JOHN, deputy grand high priest, grand chapter, Masons, 1823-28. ELLIOTT, JOHN DICK, banker, was born October 22, 1862, at Huntsville; son of Rich ard Inge and Mary Elizabeth (Stainback) El liott, the former a native of Tuscaloosa, who was a sergeant of Co. E, Thirty-fifth Alabama regiment, Buford's brigade, Loring's division, Polk's corps, was captured while on furlough near Whitesburg, and was a prisoner at the time of the advance into Tennessee and the battles around Nashville and Franklin, where his major, John S. Dickson, was killed; grand son of Enoch and Elizabeth (Webb) Elliott, who lived at Guilford, N. O, before they came to Alabama, and of John and Elizabeth (Dug- gan) Stainback, who lived at Columbia, Tenn., and at Huntsville. He received his education in the private schools of Huntsville, mainly in Capt. Charles O. Shepherd's school for boys. His first work was done for the Huntsville "Democrat," when J. Withers Clay was editor. He learned telegraphy at the Western Union Telegraph office in Huntsville, starting as a messenger boy; went to Birmingham in 1880, where he worked for a year for his brother in the Elliott Hardware Company; went to Bryant & Stratton Business College, Louisville, Ky., 1881; returned to Birmingham and kept the books for the Elliott Hardware Company until 1888; became bookkeeper of the People's Sav ings Bank & Trust Company in the year of its organization; remained there seventeen years, serving as bookkeeper, teller, assistant cashier, and cashier; became president of the Commercial State Bank, 1905-1912; and went into business as a stock and bond broker. He joined the Birmingham Rifles as a private in 1880, was promoted to second lieutenant, first lieutenant, captain, and is now on the retired list with rank of major. He is a Democrat; a steward and trustee of the Methodist church; DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 535 a Mason; and Knight of Pythias. Married: (1) December 17, 1884, in Birmingham, Ella Mew- bourne, daughter of James and Emma Brown Mewbourne, and adopted daughter of Dr. and Mrs. J. W. Sears, of Birmingham; (2) May 8, 1901, in Gaylesville, Carolyn Brandon, daugh ter of Rev. Francis T. J. and Carolyn (Wood ward) Brandon (q. v.) ; granddaughter of Fran cis Lawson and Zillah (Haynie) Brandon, na tives of Halifax County Va., and South Carolina, who lived in Gwinnett County, Ga., and of Edward L. and Malinda J. (Francis) Wood ward, natives of Stafford County, Va., and Knoxville, Tenn.; great-granddaughter of Will iam Brandon, who married Miss Langley, of Virginia, and of Miller Woodson and Hannah (Henry) Francis, the former, of Knoxville, Tenn., the latter a cousin of Patrick Henry; great-great-granddaughter of William Bran don, one of the three brothers who moved from Pennsylvania and settled in Halifax County, Va. Children, by first wife: 1. Theoleen Elizabeth, b. March 17, 1890, in Birmingham, m. December 23, 1912, in Birmingham, William Edward Gantt, jr., Charleston, S. C. Residence: Birmingham. ELLIOTT, WILLIAM G., commandant of the University of Alabama, 1894-95; 1st lieu tenant 20th infantry, U. S. Army. ELLIOTT, WILLIAM JACKSON, Baptist minister, was born September 15, 1860, at Vin cent, Shelby County; son of Charles Frank lin and Elizabeth (Elliott) Elliott, the former born at Brownsboro, Madison County, March 25, 1827, when eight years old came with his parents to Talladega County, in 1849 moved to Shelby County, has occupied the same house, near Vincent, for sixty-three years, was county commissioner and justice of the peace, in No vember, 1862, joined Co. F, 32nd Alabama in fantry regiment, consolidated with 58th regi ment, disabled by wound at Resaca, Ga., first lieutenant in Capt. West's company of home guards in Shelby County to close of war; grand son of Willis and Patsie (Carter) Elliott, the former born in Edgefield District, S. O, and" the latter in Jamestown, Va., and of William and Polly Elliott, who lived in Shelby County, the latter dying at the age of eighty-four. Both grandfathers served in the War of 1812. Rev. Dr. Elliott obtained his early education in pub lic schools at Spring Creek and Harpersville; attended Howard college, in 1882-84, receiv ing gold medal for oratory and second honor for best essay in 1883; teacher of elocution in How ard college, 1884-85; in vacation taught in Shelby and St. Clair Counties; in summer 1886, finished English course in Southern Baptist theological seminary at Louisville, Ky. He was ordained to full rank in ministry of Bap tist church, July, 1886, at Harpersville; has been pastor of churches at Pine Apple, Forest Home, and Monterey; in 1891, moving to Mont gomery, and from there having charge of churches at Lowndesboro, Wetumpka and other places. He has long been a member of the State Board of Missions; from 1906 to 1913 has been superintendent of Alabama Bible society. Married: May 7, 1890, at Montgomery, to Josie, b. 1871, daughter of James A. and U. J. (Han cock) Stewart, who lived in Montgomery, the former born in Conyers, Ga., and the latter in Edgefield, S. C, a relative of John Hancock. Children: 1. William Gerald; 2. Mark David; 3. Ruth. Residence: Montgomery. ELLIS, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, retired business man and State senator, was born April 21, 1838, at Orrville, Dallas County; son of Moody Rollins and Nancy (Dunaway) Ellis, natives of Milledgeville, Ga., the former left an orphan at an early age, and was reared by his grandparents, removed to Alabama from Georgia in his early manhood and lived at Ca haba at the time it was the capital of the State, and at Orrville from 1838 to his death in 1855. Senator Ellis had the advantage of a good village school, and also of Orrville acad emy. At the age of seventeen he entered his father's store, and when he became of age he went into the mercantile business for him self. For forty years he has been a merchant and planter but has now retired from active business. He was a captain in the Alabama militia, 1860 and 1861, and entered the C. S. Army, 1862, as sergeant, of 1st Alabama in fantry regiment, and afterwards with the 58th Alabama infantry regiment as quartermaster sergeant. He was severely wounded, July 28, 1864, at Atlanta. He was a member of the house of representatives, 1886-87; and senator, 1915. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Ma son. Married: May 16, 1861, at Lowndesboro, to Josephine White, daughter of Madison M. and Martha (Sinclair) Weaver, of that place. Children: 1. James B. (q. v.), m. Mamie Shields; 2. Mattie, m. Dr. Robert Lee Sutton (q. v.) ; 3. Pink, m. John E. Dunaway, (q. v.) ; 4. Zaidee, m. C. W. Ashcraft, (q. v.); 5. Maud, died in infancy. Residence: Orrville. ELLIS, GEORGE WASHINGTON, business man and State treasurer, was born March 10, 1853, at Orrville, Dallas County; son of Moody Rollins and Nancy (Dunaway) Ellis, the for mer bora in Georgia in 1824, moved to Ala bama, lived at Cahaba until he moved to Or- ville ; and grandson of Jeremiah Dunaway, lived at Clifton, Wilcox County, and died at age of 83 years. He was educated at a country school and at Orrville academy, was employed early by firm in Orrville; January 1882, moved to Selma, was in employ of firm there until Feb ruary, 1892; then accepted position in office of State treasurer, Montgomery; in December 1892, reentered mercantile life; in September, 1893, accepted position in office of State audi tor, held this until December, 1896, then as sumed duties of State treasurer to which office he had been elected; in December, 1900, re turned to mercantile life, continued therein till June 11; again 1913 returned to business with company at Orrville, and is at present chief clerk of the board of control and economy. He is a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: June 28, 1881, at Uniontown, to Helen, daugh ter of Richard Paul and Mary V. Anderson, who lived at Prairie Bluff, Wilcox County, the former born September 28, 1828, died October 5, 1860, married June 29, 1858, the latter bom 536 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY December 18, 1837, married (2) Dr. McGowan (deceased), now living with daughter in Mont gomery, granddaughter of Lewis and Elizabeth (Guess) Anderson, the former born in Ogle- thrope County, Ga., and the latter born in Geor gia, and of Green Ervin and Ann (Vernon) Jones, the former born in Georgia, the latter born, August 15, 1810, in North Carolina, mar ried November 27, 1833; all grandparents lived to advanced ages. Children: 1. Pauline An derson, educated in city schools of Montgomery and Judson female college, Marion, residence Montgomery; 2. John Jones, educated in city school and Barnes high school, Montgomery, graduating from the latter, m. Mamie Hunter, one child, Hunter, residence, Richmond, Va.; 3. Nancy, and 4. May, twins, of Montgomery; 5. Benjamin Franklin, educated in city schools and Barnes high school, State highway com mission, Montgomery. Residence: Montgomery. ELLIS, HARVEY W., lawyer, was born in Kentucky, and died in 1842, en route to his home in Tuscaloosa. He studied law in Ken tucky, came to Alabama in 1823, and settled in Tuscaloosa where he engaged in the practice of law, entering partnership first with E. W. Peck, and later with John D. Phelan. In 1826 he represented Tuscaloosa County in the leg islature, was four times re-elected, and also served as attorney of the state bank for some time. In 1838 and again in 1839, Mr. Ellis was the Democratic candidate for congress in op position to Gen. George W. Crabb, and al though defeated, established a high reputation upon the stump as a debater. For several years his health had declined, and in the sum mer of 1842, he visited Kentucky in search of relief. Failing to realize the benefit to his health that he had hoped for, he started home in the fall of the year, but died before reaching Tuscaloosa. He was a Democrat, and a lead ing man of his party in middle and west Ala bama. Married: Catherine Kornegay, a niece of Col. William R. King, who in 1844 ac companied her uncle, upon his appointment by President Tyler, as minister to France, and presided over the domestic establishment of the American embassy in Paris. Last resi dence: Tuscaloosa. ELLIS, HENRY CLAYTON, planter, miller and legislator, was born October 28, 1849, at Good Hope, Coosa, now Elmore County; son of Green Blunt and Ann Nichold (Lett) Ellis; the former of Virginia and Georgia, at one time magistrate and clerk of the court of Hancock County; grandson of Stephen and Lucy (Shell) Ellis, of White Plains, Va., and of Robert and Sallie (Simms) Lett, of Hancock County, Ga., later of Coosa County. He was educated in the schools of Good Hope. He is a planter and miller. He was a member of the legislature, 1892-93, 1894-95, and again in 1919. He was very active in war fund campaigns, 1917-19. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and a member of the Alliance. Married: November 22, 1898, at Eclectic, to Sophia, daughter of J. D. and Nancy Barton (Kidd) Whetstone, of that place. Residence: Eclectic. ELLIS, JAMES BACHELOR, business man; war born at Orrville, Dallas County, March 7, 1863; son of Benjamin Franklin and Josephine White (Weaver) Ellis (q. v.). Senator Ellis was educated at Orrville, at the Agricultural and Mechanical College, Auburn, 1877-78, and at Paynes college, New York, 1882-83. He en tered business with his father in 1884, removing to Selma in 1904. He is president and active manager of the Dallas Compress Company, the Union Iron Work Company, J. B. Ellis Com pany, Ellis Investment & Insurance Company, Ellis Securities Company, and North Highland Land Company. He was elected to the State senate from the thirtieth district. He is a Democrat, a Baptist, being a trustee of Howard college, Central Female college, the Baptist State Mission Board, and of the Educational Commission of the Orphanage Board. He is a Mason; a Knight of Pythias; and an Elk. Mar ried: May 7, 1884, near Orrville, to Mary Shields, daughter of William Bryan and Eliza beth (Cochran) Shields of Crumptonia, grand daughter of John and Elizabeth (Paulding) Shields, and of Claudius M. and Eleanor (Pouncy) Cochran, all of North Carolina. Res idence: Selma. ELLIS, JOSEPH MATHEWS, planter and legislator was born June 28, 1852, at Howard, Talbot County, Ga.; son of James W. and Nancy (Willis) Ellis, the former was a sol dier in the Indian and Mexican Wars; grand son of Isaac and Peggy (Jones) Ellis, and of Dempsey and Margurite Willis. The Ellis family is of Dutch descent, the Willises are Scotch-Irish, and the Jones family is Irish. He was educated in the public schools of Crenshaw County. He was reared on a farm; entered business in Union Springs in 1875; and two years later began farming at that place. He represented Bullock County in the legislature of 1915. In 1890 he was ordained a deacon in the Baptist church. Married: December 4, 1879, at Fitzpatrick, to Lula Alice, daughter of Spillman and Eveline (Jones) Latham, of Union Springs, the former was a native of Fredericksburg, Va., the latter of Forsyth, Ga. Children: 1. Neatwood Croom, deceased; 2. Annie Warren, m., Andrew L. Hixson, Birming ham; 3. William Clyde, m. Elizabeth Thomas, Union Springs; 4. Henry Oscar, m„ Julia Walker; 5. Bessie Lena, m. Joe G. Arnall, New nan, Ga.; 6. Irving Horace, m. Bertha Dickin son, Union Springs; 7. Joseph Dalbey, m., Janise Baskin, Union Springs; 8. Lena Belle; 9. died in infancy; 10. died in infancy. Resi dence: Union Springs. ELLIS, RICHARD, lawyer, was born in Vir ginia, and died in 1835, in Texas. He re ceived a common school education, studied law, came to Alabama and located in Hunts ville in 1817. The next year he moved to Franklin and began to practice law. He rep resented Franklin in the constitutional con vention of 1819; and at the organization of the circuit courts, was elected over John Mc Kinley and Beverly Hughes, to a judgeship. He held that office for six years, and on the WILLIAM F. VANDIVER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 539 expiration of his term in 1825, went to the Southwest. He was a principal figure in the incipient events of the Texas rebellion, and presided over the congress which adopted the declaration of independence of Texas in 1835. Married : Miss Dandridge, of Virginia, a sister- in-law of Gen. Garth. Last residence: Texas. ELLISON, HENRY SAMUEL, Methodist minister, was born March 11, 1862, at Colum bus, Ga.; son of Rev. John Francis and Mary (Robison) Ellison, the former of whom was born at LaGrange, lived during his boyhood at Macon, Ga., was graduated from Emory college, Oxford, Ga., taught for several years in Chunnenuggee college, and was pastor of the Methodist church, South, at Savannah, and Dalton, Ga., and Union Springs, Ala.; grandson of Rev. William Holmes and Anna (Capers) Ellison (q. v.), and of Rev. W. W. and Susan (Ellison) Robison. He became a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, South; was admitted into the Alabama Confer ence, at Eufaula, December 5, 1892, and was ordained elder at Montgomery, December, 1896. He was in charge of the station at Evergreen for several years, and is now located at Mid way. Rev. Ellison is a Mason, an Odd Fellow, a member of the Woodmen of the World, of the Columbian Woodmen, and of the Knights of Pythias, of which latter organization he is prelate. Married: Emma Clara, daughter of William H. and Nannie Hawkins, who lived at Evergreen. Children: 1. John Curtis; 2. Mary Emma; 3. Anne Leigh; 4. Lillian Cox; 5. Julia Capers; 6. Henry Samuel; 7. Frances Llewellyn, deceased. Residence: Midway. ELLISON, ROBERT ROSS, Methodist min ister, was born February 25, 1879, at Creek Stand, Macon County; son of Joseph Manassas and Camilla Searcy (Key) Ellison, the former a lieutenant in the C. S. Army, who served throughout the entire war, part of the time under Gen. Joseph Wheeler, a native of Shiloh, Ga., who lived at the old Ellison place near Shiloh until he was twenty-one years of age, then moved to Creek Stand, Macon County, where he lived until his death; grandson of John and Elizabeth (Patterson) Ellison, of Shiloh, Ga. The Ellisons were first intro duced into this country by several Irishmen of that name who settled at Charleston, Ga., as merchants. Rev. Mr. Ellison's maternal grand parents lived at Talbotton, Ga., before moving to Alabama. They were of French and Eng- list descent, whose ancestors had settled in Georgia. Rev. Mr. Ellison received his early ed ucation in the country school at Creek Stand, and in the high school at Hurtsboro. He was graduated from Southern university, A. B., 1902, and A. M., 1903, and during his senior year was tutor in English. In the fall of 1903, he entered the Biblical department of Vander bilt university, and was graduated, B. D., June, 1906. He became a member of the Alabama Conference, at Dothan, December, 1905, and since that time has had charge of the pastorate at Forest Avenue church, Montgomery, De cember, 1905-December, 1908; at Notasulga, Vol. HI— S6 1908-1909; at LaFayette Avenue church, Dothan, 1909-1911; at Geneva, 1911-1913; and is now stationed at Andalusia. He is a Dem ocrat, a Mason and an Odd Fellow. Married: October 2, 1906, at Greensboro, Mary Alice, daughter of Prof. C. A. and Flossie (Smith) Grote, who lived at that place; grand daughter of Dr. Luther Smith, who was pres ident of Emory college, Georgia, then came to Alabama and was president of Southern uni versity at the time of his death. Her pa ternal grandparents both came from Germany in early life, were married in this country and lived in New Orleans and Texas. Children: 1. Elizabeth La Prade; 2. Minna Grote, deceased. Residence Andalusia. ELLISON, WILLIAM HOLMES, Methodist minister and teacher, was born December 5, 1805, in Orangeburg District, S. C, and died December 20, 1884, at Clayton; son of John and Susan (Milligan) Ellison of Orangeburg who, between 1825-30, settled in Talbot County, Ga. Dr. Ellison graduated with honors from Wofford college, Spartanburg, S. C, and en tered the Methodist ministry in his native state. While stationed at Wilmington, in 1832, he was transferred and appointed to a professor ship in the La Grange college, Colbert County, Ala. When the Wesleyan female college was founded at Macon, Ga., he was elected to the chair of mathematics and transferred to the Georgia conference. Two years later he was elected president of this college, and continued in that position for ten years. He then returned to Alabama, as president of the Chunnenuggee female college, where he taught until the out break of the War of Secession. He returned to the ministry at this time and spent the re mainder of his active life as pastor and presid ing elder in the Alabama conference. After more than fifty years in the itinerant ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church, he was superannuated. Married: (1) In Charleston, S. C, to Anna, daughter of Bishop William Capers, of the Methodist Episcopal church, South; (2) Mary Jane Oliver. Twelve chil dren were born of his first marriage, several of whom died in childhood. There was no issue from the second marriage. Children: 1. William Capers; 2. Rev. John Francis; 3. Capt. James Henry, Confederate soldier, killed at Gettysburg; 4. Anna Susan; 5. Julia Margaret, m. J. M. Carter, Enon; 6. Jamie, m. Dr. J. T. Floyd, Clanton; 7. Charles. Last residence: Clayton. ELLSBERRY, ABNER FOSTER, farmer, was born December 25, 1833, in Montgomery County; son of Michael and Eliza (Ponder) Ellsberry (q. v.). He received a good com mon school education in the schools of Mont gomery County, and attended school at Flor ence, in 1850; began life as a farmer, which occupation he followed all his life; was a lieu tenant in C. S. Army, but did not see actual service, as his company was detailed for patrol duty in Montgomery County. We was a Demo crat; Methodist; Mason; and Knight of Pythias. Married: February 10, 1860, at the 540 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Arrington plantation, Montgomery County, to Eliza, daughter of Lewis and Eliza (Nichold; son) Arrington (q. v.). Children: 1. Samuel Arrington, m. Palmer Ready; 2. Michael Earnest; 3. Edward Foster, m. Cora Under wood; 4. Lida Arrington, m. B. Hervey Brown; 5. Mary Laura, m. Ed. R. Malone; 6. Benja min Richard. Last residence: Montgomery County. ELLSBERRY, MICHAEL, planter, was born September 25, 1802, near Lexington, Oglethorpe County, Ga., and died near Snowdoun, Mont gomery County, April 19, 1849; son of Benja min and Margaret (Luckie) Ellsberry, the former of whom was born in Rowan County, N. C, in 1777, and later lived in Georgia, died at Winterville, Ga., 1853, was a prominent Pres byterian, rearing a large family, three sons liv ing at one time in Alabama; grandson of Capt. Michael E. and Ann Ellsberry, the former moved from Rowan County, N. C, in 1784, to Wilkes County, Ga., settling about nine miles north of Lexington in the portion of Wilkes County, which was in 1793 formed into Ogle thorpe County, was a soldier in the Revolution, serving as sergeant in the Rowan, N. C, troops at the battle of King's Mountain, later promot ed lieutenant under General Davidson, made captain of a volunteer company in the Indian War, and was killed at Jack's Creek, near Gainesville, September 10, 1787, and of John Luckie, of Oglethorpe County, Ga.; great-grand son of Benjamin and Francena Ellsberry, the former emigrating in 1784 to Wilkes County, Ga., with his son, settling near Lexington; great-great-grandson of Frederick Ellsberry; great-great-great-grandson of Thomas Ellsberry who received in 1723 a grant of land in Mary land from Charles II of one hundred acres, "on the east side of the main branch of the Chop- tank River, and known as Dogwood Ridge." Michael Ellsberry received a good common school education in the schools of his native county, whence he removed, 1830, to Montgom ery County, settling near Snowdoun, where he operated for many years a large plantation. In 1845 he represented Montgomery County in the State legislature. He assisted in organizing the Montgomery True Blues for the Seminole Indian War of 1836, was orderly sergeant of the company, and a member of the committee of three which selected the company name. He organized a company for the Mexican War of 1846, but that company was never ordered to the front. He was a Democrat; and Metho dist, assisting in the erection of one of the first Methodist churches in the State, at Rob inson's Cross Roads, Montgomery County, in 1832. Married (1) in 1827, to Elizabeth, daugh ter of Dr. Abner and Jane (Knox) Ponder, of Oglethorpe County, Ga., (2) in 1838, to Judith Chamberlaine, daughter of John Payne of Rob inson Springs, Elmore County. Children: by first wife, 1. Lorena; 2. Sarah; 3. Benjamin, m. Bettie Boykin; 4. Abner Foster, (q. v.) m. Eliza Ann Arrington; by second wife, 5. Dr. John Payne, m. Mary Dillard, Spring Hill; 6. Virginia; 7. Emma, m. Bradford Dunham (q. v.) ; 8. Caroline Judith, m. Julius Alford. Last residence: Near Snowdoun. ELMORE, ALBERT STANHOPE, planter, was born June 12, 1827, and died June 11, 1909 in Elmore County; son of Gen. John Archer and Ann (Martin) Elmore (q. v.). Ma jor Elmore was educated in the institutions of Alabama and served through the Mexican war with the Fifth Louisiana infantry regiment. In 1847, he was elected major of the State mili tia; assistant clerk of the house of representa tives, 1853-54; private secretary to Gov. John A. Winston, 1855; again clerk of the house through each annual session of the legislature from 1855 to 1864. In 1865 he was appointed secretary of State under Gov. Lewis E. Par sons; elected to that office 1866; appointed by Pres. Andrew Johnson, collector of the port of Mobile, 1867. He removed later to his planta tion, "Huntington," Elmore County, where he resided until his death. Married: in 1853, at Montgomery, to Mary Jane, daughter of Col. William Henry and Mary E. (Hails) Taylor (q. v.). Children: 1. William Trezevant, phy sician, m. Elizabeth Tinker of Wisconsin, no children; 2. Annie Bozier, deceased; 3. infant, deceased; 4. Josiah Morris, deceased; 5. Ben jamin Fitzpatrick (q. v.) ; 6. Mary, m. David B. Anderson, of Sumter, S. C, residing in Mem phis, Tenn., one child, deceased; 7. Marshall, m. Judge Henry Chamberlain of Mobile who died March 1920, two children, Josephine, m. (1) Frank Lochran of Atlanta, and (2) Stan hope. Last residence: Elmore. ELMORE, BENJAMIN FITZPATRICK, law yer, was born in Montgomery, July 22, 1861; son of Maj. Albert Stanhope and Mary Jane (Taylor) Elmore (q .v.) ; grandson of Col. Wil liam Henry and Mary Elizabeth (Hails) Taylor (q. v.), of the Taylor family of South Carolina; great-grandson of Capt. Robert Hails, Revolu tionary soldier of South Carolina, and Gen. John Archer Elmore (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Canada, graduating at St. Michael's college, Toronto, and was a student in the Agricultural and mechanical college, Auburn, from 1879 to 1881; graduated from the law department, University of Alabama, 1882, A. B., and was admitted to the bar, July 22, 1882; practiced at Grove Hill, and Butler until 1890, when he removed to Demopolis, where he continues to reside. He was assistant clerk of the house of representatives, 1886-87; clerk, 1888-91; solicitor, first judicial circuit, 1892- 98, member board of education of Demopolis; member of congressional committee and of State committee to organize for constitutional convention, 1900, State committee to ratify same. He is a Democrat; a Mason; Knight of Pythias; Maccabee; a Methodist; and a mem ber of the Phi Delta Theta college fraternity. Married: January 3, 1894, in Carrollton, to Eliza Bostick, daughter of Maj. Elbert Decatur and Candace Mentora (Bostick) Willett (q. v.). Children: 1. Benjamin Fitzpatrick jr., d. 1899; 2. Willett, captain, U. S. marine corps at age of twenty-one, graduate of U. S. naval academy, March 1917, m. Alan Morris, of Leeland, Md.; 3. Albert jr., Mobile; 4. Elizabeth Bostick. Resi dence: Demopolis. ELMORE, JOHN ARCHER, officer of the American Revolution, was born August 21, 1762, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 541 in Prince Edward County, Va., and died April 24, 1834, in Autauga, now Elmore County; son of Archelas and Susannah (Morris) Elmore, the former a Quaker; grandson of Thomas and Cicely (Ellison) Elmore, of New Kent County, Va. General Elmore entered the Continental Army while still a youth, and served under General Greene. He settled in Laurens Dis trict, S. C, after the Revolution, residing there for many years and serving in the legislature. In 1819 he removed to Alabama, settling in Autauga County, and in 1821, represented that county in the legislature. When Autauga County was subdivided the new county was named in his honor. The station of that name being also named for his family. Married: (1) March 1, 1788, to Mary Ann Sarah Saxon; (2)/ March 14, 1805, to Mary Martin, a descend ant of the noted Martin family of South Caro lina, also of the Marshall family of Virginia, and of Lieut. Nathaniel Terry, of Virginia. Children: by first wife, 1. Benjamin F., treas urer of South Carolina, m. Sarah Aurora Bre vard; 2. Narcissa; 3. Sophia Saxon, m. George Ross; 4. Charlotte Perry, m. Abner Crenshaw; 5. Franklin Harper, who succeeded Calhoun in the U. S. senate, m. Harriet Chestnut; by sec ond wife, 6. Elizabeth S., m. Dixon H. Lewis (q. v.) ; 7. Sarah Terry, m. Benjamin Fitz patrick (q. v.); 8. John Archer (q. v.), m. Laura Maria Martin; 9. Morris Martin; 10. William Augustus, m. (1) Mary Ann Morri son, (2) Julia Minor; 11. Luther Alfred; 12. Henry Marshall, m. Elizabeth Harris; 13. Lau rence Ludlow; 14. Physick Rush, m. Susan T. Nesbitt; 15. Winfield Scott; 16. Infant; 17. Mary Martin, m. (1) Hamlin F. Lewis; (2) James Scott; 18. Albert Stanhope (q. v.), m. Mary Jane Taylor; 19. Ann Harriet, m. Joseph T. Hearn. Last residence: Autauga County. ELMORE, JOHN ARCHER, jr., lawyer, mem ber constitutional convention, 1865, was born April 1, 1809, in Laurens District, S. C, and died August 1, 1878, in Montgomery; son of Gen. John Archer and Ann (Martin) Elmore (q. v.). He began his education in South Caro lina, and continued his studies in Alabama, until 1820, when he was sent to South Carolina college, where he graduated with distinction. He studied law in 1834, but removed to Lowndes County, where he temporarily engaged in agriculture. In 1836, he commanded a com pany in the Creek Indian War; represented Lowndes County in the State senate in 1837. After his removal to Montgomery, in 1840, he was made attorney for the State bank. Later he formed a legal partnership with William L. Yancey. At the time of his death he was practicing his profession in partnership with William A. Gunter, sr. In 1861, he was sent to "the republic of South Carolina," to repre sent Alabama in council; was a member of the State constitutional convention of 1865; an ar dent State Rights Democrat, and an Episco palian. Married: in South Carolina, to Laura, his cousin and daughter of John and Henrietta (Williamson) Martin; granddaughter of Dr. Peter W. and Eliza (White) Williamson, of North Carolina and of John and Elizabeth (Terry) Martin, both grandfathers were sol diers of the American Revolution. Children: 1. Vincent Martin, sr. (q. v.); 2. Mary, m. Col. Warren S. Reese (q. v.); 3. Franklin H., m. Nellie Gunter; 4. William, m. Smoot. Last residence: Montgomery. ELMORE, LAURA (MARTIN) patriotic worker, was the daughter of William D. and Henrietta (Williamson) Martin, the former a famous jurist of South Carolina; granddaugh ter of John and Elizabeth (Terry) Martin, of South Carolina, and of Dr. Peter W. and Eliza (White) Williamson, of Randolph County, N. C., the former a surgeon in the Revolutionary War. She was an enthusiastic worker for the Soldier's Home and was third vice-president of the Ladies' Memorial association, of Mont gomery. Married: John A. Elmore, jr. (q. v.). Last residence: Montgomery. ELMORE, VINCENT MARTIN, lawyer, planter, and major, C. S. Army, was born July 18, 1840, in Lowndes County, and died January 12, 1908, in Montgomery; son of John Archer, jr., and Laura Maria (Martin) Elmore (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Lowndes and Montgomery counties and attended the Univer sity of Alabama, 1859-60. He entered the Con federate Army as a private in the 3rd Alabama infantry regiment; was promoted second lieu tenant, Co. H, captain, Co. H and E, and then major of 1st Alabama cavalry regiment. He was a lawyer, planter, and register in chancery, Montgomery County, 1875-99. He was a Demo crat and an Episcopalian. Married: December 10, 1867, in Montgomery, to Rebecca, daughter of George and Sarah (Bozier) Hails. Children: 1. John Archer, m. Belle Peeler; 2. Mary Vin cent, m. Dr. Henry Stanford Persons (q. v.); 3. Laura Martin; 4. Vincent Martin, major, U. S. Army, m. Minerva Hawthorn Buck; 5. Sarah Bozier; 6. William Baldwin. Last residence: Montgomery. ELROD, WILLIAM HARVEY, public official and legislator, was born September 24, 1855, at Golden Springs, S. C; son of David Daniel and Jane (Owen) Elrod; grandson of Philip and Tempie Elrod, of South Carolina and of Lewis and Dorcas Owen of the same state. He was educated in the common schools of his native county. He served as postmaster at Ft. Payne, 1880-1904. He was a member of the house of representatives from DeKalb County, 1907; and State senator, 1915, from the Twenty-ninth district. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: January 12, 1879, at South Hill, DeKalb County, to Martha G., daughter of Philip and Annie Gil bert, formerly of North Carolina. Residence: Ft. Payne. ELSBERRY, JOHN, planter, was born Feb ruary 23, 1805, near Lexington, Oglethorpe County, Ga., and died May 8, 1883, at Benton; son of Benjamin and Margaret (Luckey) Els berry, who lived in Oglethorpe County, Ga. Mr. Elsberry came to Montgomery County about 1840, with his brothers, Michael and James, and devoted himself to teaching for two years after which he became a planter. He was a 542 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Methodist. Married: (1) Mrs. Patience San- key, nee Stephens, (2) November 25, 1844, at Hayneville, Lowndes County, to Martha Louisa, daughter of James Parks and Mary Allen (Dunn) Rogers, of that county, but natives of near Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, N. C. Children: by first wife, 1. John Stephens, mem ber 59th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, m. (1) Eliza Blair of San Antonio, Texas, and after the death of this wife and her two children he married (2) Mrs. Doole, from near Waco, Texas, through which union there were no children; by the second wife, 2. Mary- Margaret, the only surviving child, never mar ried; the following all died in childhood: 3. James Michael; 4. James Michael, jr.; 5. Ben jamin; 6. Sarah Jane; 7. Rebecca Parks; 8. Louisa Patience; 9. Dunn Rogers. Last resi dence: Benton. ELSBERRY, JOHN PAYNE, physician, was born in Montgomery County; son of Michael and Judith Chamberlayne (Payne) Ellsberry, (q. v.), the former a native of Oglethorpe, Ga., who moved to Montgomery County with his first wife, Eliza Ponder, and was a member of the Alabama legislature at Tuscaloosa, the latter a native of Virginia; grandson of Benjamin and Margaret (Luckie) Elsberry, who lived near Milledgeville, Ga., and of William and Sarah (Scott) Payne, who lived first in Vir ginia, then in North Carolina, and finally set tled in Alabama, the latter a relative of Gen. Winfield Scott. The Elsberrys are of Irish de scent; the Paynes and Scotts are of English ancestry. Dr. Elsberry obtained his early schooling at Robinson Springs, at Summerfield, and at Tuskegee; attended the Military school at Marietta, Ga.; the literary course at the University of Virginia, 1856-1858; Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia, Pa., 1858-1860; and finished his course in the school of Mc- Guin and Luckett, Virginia medical college. He began to practice medicine, October, 1860, in Lowndes County. In April 1861, he vol unteered in the C. S. Army, served as corporal and sergeant of Co. F, Third Alabama in fantry; was commissioned hospital steward; was assigned to duty in 1863 with the field in firmary of Stonewall Jackson, Second army corps, and served as assistant surgeon. He took part in the Seven Days battle around Richmond, was at the battles of South Moun tain, Md.; Sharpsburg; Chancellorsville,- Va.; Spottsylvania Court House, Va.; Gettysburg; and Cedar Creek, Va. After the war, he re sumed the practice of medicine, and is now located at Mountain Creek. He is a Democrat, a Methodist, and a Mason. He is author of "Whispering Tongues," a romance published in the "Union Springs Herald," 1871. Married: December 13, 1881, in Montgomery County, Mary Tompkins, daughter of James Richard and Sarah (Falconer) Dillard, who lived at Robinson Cross Roads, a descendant of the Ponder and Luckie families of Georgia. Chil dren: 1. Nannie Arrington, m. David T. Buell, Mobile. Residence: Mountain Creek. ELVAS, GENTLEMAN OF, supposed to have been Alvaro Fernandez, chronicler of the De Soto expedition, 1539-41. Thought by some stu dents, to have been a member of the expedi tion traversing our State in 1540, but the present day student is not disposed to credit this belief and thinks him to have been a writer who secured the material for his story of the expedition from members who had re turned to Spain. His narrative was first pub lished at Elvora, in 1557, reprinted at Lisbon in 1844. A French edition appeared in 1685, and an English translation of this edition in 1686. The first English version, by Hakluyt, had appeared in 1609, reprinted in 1611. Dutch editions appeared at Rotterdam in 1658, and Lyden 1706. It appears in Force's "Tracts," volume four, 1846. French's collections of Louisiana, part two, also included it. An abridged edition appears in "Pilgrims." The Buckingham Smith translation was published by the Bradford Club in 1866, under the title of "Career of Hernando DeSoto in the conquest of Florida." It is also included in the Bourne edition of the "Narratives," 1904. Last resi dence: Spain. ELY, GEORGE, member of the constitutional convention of 1867, from the thirteenth election district. Deceased. Last residence: Montgom ery. EMENS, FRANK, physician; graduate of the medical college of Louisville, Ky., 1898; li censed to practice that year by the board of Morgan County and located at Trinity. EMRICH, JOHN P., major and later lieuten ant colonel, Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. ENGLAND, WILLIAM, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, and a resident of Perry, but later of Dallas County; private, particular serv ice not disclosed; enrolled on March 16, 1835, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $30. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mo bile. ENSLEN, CHRISTIAN F., banker, was born March 30, 1830, in Wurtemburg, Germany. He was educated in that city, and emigrated to America in 1845, landing at New Orleans. He located in Montgomery, joining the Alabama rifles, a volunteer regiment, and went as a private to the Mexican War in 1846. On his return to Montgomery, he learned the trade of a blacksmith, and moved to Wetumpka where he opened a blacksmith's shop. He entered the C. S. Army before the secession of Alabama, and was sent to Pensacola, under the command of Col. Tennant Lomax, remaining there until the reorganization of his command into the Third Alabama regiment. Then, after dis charging an important military duty at Nor folk. Va., he was placed in charge of the arsenal as foreman, at Montgomery, and continued there until the close of the war. After the DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 543 war, he returned to Wetumpka, and continued in blacksmithing until 1871, when he moved to Birmingham. He worked for the North & South railroad for two years; embarked in a mercantile business in Birmingham until 1885, when he organized the Jefferson County sav ings bank, of which he was made president He served for two years as alderman of Birm ingham. He was a Mason, an Odd Fellow, hav ing organized, in 1872, the first Odd Fellow lodge in Jefferson County, and serving as its presiding officer. He was a member of the Baptist ehurch. Married: in 1849, Elizabeth Flynn, of Columbus, Ga. Children: 1. Charles; 2. Emily; 3. Eugene Flynn, b. 1858, in We tumpka, was educated there, came with his father to Birmingham in 1871, was bookkeeper in his father's store, attended a session of the Poughkeepsie business college, New York, 1877, became cashier of the Jefferson County savings bank, m. 1878, Delia W. Evans, of La Grange, Ga., children: (1) Julia, (2) Eu gene Flynn, jr., who was graduated from the University of Alabama B. S., T901, and from Cornell University, M. E., 1902, and is now electrical engineer with Ford, Bacon & Davis, New York, (3) Minnie Gip; 4. John; 5. Minnie. Residence: Birmingham. ENSLEN, EUGENE FLYNN, banker, was born February 11, 1858, at Wetumpka, Elmore County; son of Christian Frederick and Eliza beth (Flynn) Enslen (q. v.) ; grandson of John and Wilimena (Moser) Enslen of Germany, and of Patrick and Margaret (Bibby) Flynn, of Wetumpka, the former a civil engineer and native of Ireland; great-grandson of Christian and Joanna Moser, of Stettin, Germany. Mr. Enslen received his early education in We tumpka and in the public schools of Birming ham. He completed a commercial course at Eastman college, Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 1877, and entered into the mercantile business. In 1885 he became a banker and is now president of the Jefferson County savings bank. He was alderman of Birmingham, 1892-96; first lieuten ant, Birmingham artillery 1878-84. He is a Democrat; Baptist; Knight of Pythias, and Woodman of the World. Married: December 5, 1878, in Birmingham, to Delia W., daughter of John and Charlotte Evans of that place, natives of South Carolina, located in La Grange, Ga., about 1850, and removed to Birmingham, 1872. Children: 1. Julia Velma, m. Dr. Benjamin E. Kidd; 2. Clyde, m. John M. Lutz; 3. Eugene, jr., m. Jennie Rogers, all living in Birming ham. Residence: Birmingham. EPES, JOHN W.. merchant, was born May 8, 1836, in Lunenburg, Va.; son of John C. and Sarah A. (Smith) Epes, the former a native of Prince George County, Va., a planter and a captain in one of the early wars, a justice of the peace for several years, who died in 1859, the latter a native of Lunenburg County, Va., who died in 1836 when her son was a few months old; grandson of Peter Epes, born in England, who came to America in 1717 with his people who located at City Point, Va., and of James Smith, a Virginian by birth, a wealthy planter who represented Lunenburg County in the Virginia general assembly for twenty-one years. He was reared on the family plantation, attended Hampden-Sidney college, Virginia; then the South Carolina medical college at Charleston; and in 1858 was graduated from Jefferson medical college in Philadelphia. He came to Alabama the same year and located at Jones Bluff, now Epes, so named in honor of Dr. Epes. He engaged in mercantile pur suits and farming until 1862, when he joined Co. A., Thirty-sixth Alabama regiment as a private, and served on the coast for some months; in 1863, he joined Forrest's cavalry and saw service in northern Mississippi. After the war he resumed merchandising, in which business he continued until he retired some years ago. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; a Royal Arch Mason; and a Knight of Honor. Married: October, 1858, Martha J. Thomas, daughter of W. R. and Melicent Thomas, natives of Edgecombe County, N. C, who came to Sumter County in 1833, and finally moved to Meridian, Miss., where they died. Children: 1. John P.; 2. James V.; 3. Una E., m. George P. Kinkle, Birmingham, children, Una E., and Mattie May; 4. Mattie S.; 5. Minnie M.; 6. Junie W. Residence: Epes Station. ERSKINE, ALBERT RUSSELL, physician, was born January 17, 1827, in Huntsville; son of Dr. Alexander and Susan Catherine (Russell) Erskine, natives, respectively of Monroe and Loudoun Counties, Va., who located in Hunts ville, Ala., in 1817, the former for many years president board of medical examiners, State medical association, descendant of the Rev. Eb enezer Erskine of Scotland, who was born 1680, and founder of the Secession church; grandson of Michael and Margaret (Hanley) Erskine, of Monroe City, Va.; great-grandson of Henry and Jean (Thompson) Erskine of Stirling, Scotland, who settled in Cecil County, Md. Dr. Erskine received his preparatory and college education at Huntsville, Georgetown college, D. C, and West Point military academy which he attended for two years. He began the study of medicine in 1849 under his father, and entered the Uni versity of Virginia. He was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, 1851, and lo cated the same year in Huntsville, where he began the practice at once. In 1862 he entered the Confederate Army, and was assigned to the 5th Tennessee regular infantry as surgeon. Eight months later he became Gen. Pat Clai borne's medical inspector. Several months later he was assigned to the 45th Alabama in fantry regiment as surgeon; was later assigned to Convalescent Camp Wright, and finally to Marion hospital. He was for three years presi dent of Madison County medical society; for several years a member of the American board of health association; member of county board of health and secretary county board of censors many years. He is a Presbyterian; and a Mason. Married: October 5, 1854, to Maria D., daughter of Luke and Judith (Peete) Matthews of Huntsville, the former a native of Campbell County, Va., and one of the largest planters in Madison County. Children: 1. Alexander; 2. 544 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Luke Matthews; 3. Janet. Residence: Hunts ville. ERVIN, ROBERT HUGH, lawyer, was born September 11, 1822, at Coal Bluff on the Ala bama River, and died January 11, 1875, in Wilcox County; son of Samuel and Mary (Eades) Ervin, the former a native of Marion District, on the Big Pee Dee River, S. C, who lived in Darlington District, S. C, until he moved to Alabama; grandson of Col. John and Jane (Witherspoon) Ervin, the former an of ficer in Marion's brigade, and of John and Jane (Fee) Eades, who lived at Coal Bluff; great-grandson of Gavin and Jane (James) Witherspoon, the former a captain in Marion's brigade whose exploits are mentioned in his tory, and of John Ervin who came with his wife and brother, Hugh, from Ireland, and set tled on Black River near a little place called King's Tree, in Williamsburg District; great- great-grandson of John and Janet Witherspoon. The Fees emigrated from Ireland and settled in Clarke County. It is said that theirs was the first piano in that part of Alabama and that people came from miles away to see the curiosity. Dr. Ervin received his preparatory education in private schools; studied medicine at Jefferson Medical college in Philadelphia, and was graduated, M. D., from Transylvania university, Lebanon, Ky., 1845. He practiced medicine in Wilcox County until 1853, when he was elected to represent the county in the State legislature. From that time on his property and political interests occupied his full time, and he retired from the practice of medicine. He enlisted in the C. S. Army, was made lieutenant of Wilcox cavalry, and served under Gen. Braxton Bragg, taking part in the battle of Shiloh. From 1863 until 1865, he represented Dallas and Wilcox Counties in the State senate. After his term of office had ex pired he became a cotton commissioner in Mo bile, and took personal charge of his plant ing interests. He was again elected to the State senate, and was serving in that body at the time of his death in 1875. He was credited by Gov. Houston with being the author of the plan for the settlement of the state debt. He was a Democrat; a member of the Baptist church, and for years was moderator of the Pine Barren Association. He was grand mas ter of Alabama Masons in 1858. Married: January 5, 1848, Sarah Asbury (Tait) Rives, daughter of James Asbury and Elizabeth (Goode) Tait, who lived at Dry Fork, the lat ter a cousin of Thomas Jefferson; granddaugh ter of Judge Charles Tait (q. v.), of Burnt Corn, Monroe County, one of the earliest federal judges in the state. Children: 1. Albert Goode, m. Elizabeth Cumming, Amboy, Clarke County, Wash.; 2. Jennie Fee, m. Dr. W. C. Larkin, Athens, Tex.; 3. Aurora Roberta, m. Judge H. Austill, Mobile; 4. Lina, m. A. J. Phillips, Saltillo. Miss.; 5. Leila Grayson, m. Dr. A. S. McDaniel, San Antonio, Tex.; 6. Martha Beck, m. J. W. Pharr, Catherine; 7. Samuel James, m. Madison McWillams, Camden; 8. Robert Tait (q. v.). Last residence: Wilcox County. ERVIN ROBERT TAIT, federal district judge at Mobile, was born May 27, 1863, at Camden, Wilcox County; son of Robert Hugh and Sarah Asbury (Tait) Ervin (q. v.) ; grand son of Samuel and Mary (Eades) Ervin, who lived at Possum Bend, near Camden, and of James Asbury and Caroline Elizabeth (Goode) Tait, who lived at Dry Fork, Wilcox County; great grandson of Col. John and Jane (With erspoon) Ervin, and of John and Jane (Fee) Eades, and of Judge Charles Tait (q. v.), one of the first federal district judges in Alabama; great-great-grandson of Gavin and Jane (James) Witherspoon, and of John Ervin. He ob tained his early education in the country schools; spent one term at Marion institute under the late Col. J. T. Murfee; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in Mobile in 1883; practiced in Mobile until 1887, when he entered the law course at the University of Alabama, and was graduated, B. L., that same year. He has since practiced law, and is now serving as federal district judge at Mobile. He served as first lieutenant of the Gulf City guards, Co. E, First regiment, A. S. T., 1890- 1892; first lieutenant of the Mobile Rifle Com pany, Co. F, First regiment, A. S. T., 1892- 1894; captain, 1894-1895; and major, First regi ment, A. S. T., 1895. He is a Democrat, and has been a member of the state executive com mittee for six or seven years, and is a Baptist. Married: June 8, 1897, in Jackson, Tenn., Frances Patterson, daughter of James Clark and Adaline Marina (Clark) Pybas, of Jackson, Tenn. Residence: Mobile. ERWIN, GEORGE, planter, was bora Feb ruary 4, 1835, at Greensboro, Hale County, and died January 15, 1910, at Greensboro; son of John and Eliza Margaret (Chadwick) Er win (q. v.) ; grandson of John and Jane (Peebles) Erwin, of'Mt. Sterling, Ky., and of John and Keren Happuch (Shortridge) Chad wick who lived in the old fort at the mouth of Big Sandy Creek, Ky., the latter of whom was said to have been the first white child born in the state of Kentucky; great-grandson of Judge Eli Shortridge, of Alabama. . The Erwin family is of Scotch-Irish ancestry: the Chad- wicks emigrated from England to Pennsyl vania, from there to North Carolina, and then to Kentucky with Daniel Boone. Mr. Erwin gained his early schooling at Greensboro and at Green Springs, under the instruction, at the latter place, of Henry Tutwiler; and at tended the University of Virginia, 1854-1856. He devoted himself to planting until the out break of the War of Secession, when he joined the C. S. Army as second lieutenant of the Greensboro guards, assigned to Fort Morgan. He was a member of the State legislature, 1883- 1884; and was elected president of the school board of Hale County from 1895 to 1901. He was a Democrat; an Episcopalian; and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: October 14, 1856, at Hillsboro, N. C. Frances Iredell, daughter of Col. Cadwallader and Annie Isabella (Ire dell) Jones, of Raleigh, N. C, the former colonel of the Fifth Alabama infantry, in whose honor is named the Confederate Veteran DR. MORTIMER H. JORDAN DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 547 camp at Greensboro; granddaughter of Col. Cadwallader Jones, and of Gov. James Iredell, of North Carolina; great-granddaughter of Maj. Cadwallader Jones, who fought in the Revolution, and of Judge. James Iredell, a na tive of England, associate justice of the first supreme court of the United States, appointed by George Washington in 1790; great-great- granddaughter of Frederick Jones, and of Francis Iredell ; great-great-great-granddaugh ter of Maj. Peter Jones, and of Rev. Francis Iredell, of Dublin, Ireland. Children: 1. John, m. Mary Griffin Wilkins, Greensboro, child, George, lives at Akron, O.; 2. Annie, Greens boro, m. Alphonse L. Stollenwerck, who is de ceased; 3. Margaret, m. Henry Watson Par rish, both deceased; 4. Rebecca Frances, m. Madison Jones, who is deceased, child, Madison Jones III, Greensboro; 5. Ethel, deceased, m. Leonidas Bryan Sledge, Greensboro; 6. Cad wallader, m. Ida Vernon Seawell, Greensboro, child, ida Vernon. Last residence: Greens boro. ERWIN, JOHN, lawyer, was born September 10, 1799, at Union, Pendleton County, Va., and died December 10, 1860, at Greensboro; son of John and Jane (Peebles) Erwin, the former who was born March 7, 1769, in Augusta County, Va., and died September 10, 1810, lived at Union, Pendleton County, Va., and was a major in the Revolutionary War, serving with Washington at Yorktown, the latter was born March 9, 1773, in Augusta County, Va., and died July 9, 1831, moved with her husband to Mt. Sterling, Ky., in 1808. The Erwin family is of Scotch-Irish ancestry. Col. Erwin moved with his parents to Kentucky when he was seven years of age. His father died when he was eleven years old, and he received very little schooling. Two years after his father's death he became a clerk in a store, studying in his spare moments, so that when he grew to manhood, he had a reputation for scholar ship, was a master of pure English, and con versant with Latin and French. By the time he was nineteen years of age, he had amassed the means to study law. He entered the law office of Maj. Trimble at Mount Sterling, Ky., and was a fellow student with Garret Davis, afterwards U. S. senator. In 1821, he came to Perry County, Ala., but after practicing a short time in Marion, opened an office in Erie, and then in Greensboro, where he began a practice which covered about twenty-eight years. He was elected a justice of the peace, and his de votion to his duties soon concentrated the busi ness of the community upon himself. He was elected to the State senate from Greene County ¦ in 1831, and was chosen president of that body the following year. In 1836, 1837 and 1842, he was a member of the lower house of the legis lature, and served as speaker during the latter year. In 1845, he was a candidate for con gress, opposed to Mr. Payne, the regular nomi nee of the Democratic party, and was defeated. In 1851, he was again a candidate in opposi tion to Judge William R. Smith, both Demo crats, and was defeated by a few votes. Col. Erwin was a delegate to the Nashville convention of 1850, and presided over the na tional convention which nominated Franklin Pierce and William R. King for president and vice-president at Cincinnati in 1852. He was presiding officer of the Charleston Convention which met in Richmond, 1860, and led the bolting wing of the Democratic party. His last public appearance was at the Richmond convention which nominated Breckenridge and Lane for president and vice-president. Col. Erwin was made president of the convention. In the early fifties, Col. Erwin retired from the practice of law, to a secluded home life at "Glencaim," the family estate at Greensboro. Married: October 5, 1822, at Mount Sterling, Ky., Eliza Margaret, daughter of John and Ker en Happuch (Shortridge) Chadwick, who lived at the old Fort, at the mouth of Big Sandy Creek, Ky. The Chadwick family emigrated from England to Pennsylvania, from there to North Carolina, at the head waters of the Yadkin, and from North Carolina to Kentucky with Daniel Boone. Keren Happuch Shortridge, daughter of Judge Eli Shortridge (q. v.), of Al abama, is said to have been the first white child born in Kentucky. Children: 1. Catherine, m. Col. Allen C. Jones, both deceased; 2. Margaret, m. Judge Porter King (q. v.) both deceased; 3. Julia, deceased; 4. John, deceased; 5. George (q. v.), deceased, m. Frances Iredell Jones, who resides at Greensboro. Last residence: Greens boro. ESDALE, JAMES, deputy grand master, grand council, 1901-02. ESPY, JAMES BUHRMAN, teacher, was born October, 1871, at Lawrenceville, Henry County; son of Joseph Samuel and Sarah Elizabeth (Dawkins) Espy (q. v.) ; grandson of Robert and Elizabeth (Watts) Espy, who lived in Cherokee County, and of Robert and Mary Dawkins, who lived at Lawrenceville; great- grandson of Captain Samuel Espy, a Revolu tionary soldier, who was wounded at the battle of King's Mountain. J. B. Espy received his early education at Lawrenceville; in 1893 grad uated with the degree of A. B., at Howard col lege; graduated, 1894, M. S., at the Alabama polytechnic institute, Auburn; and also at tended summer schools at the University of Tennessee. He is a teacher; has been agri culturist of the South East Alabama agricul tural school since 1895; in 1898 was elected to the position of superintendent of education for Henry County, and again in 1900. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Mason. Married: February 15, 1899, at Abbeville, to Ella Car rie, daughter of Christopher and Nancy Ward, of that place. Children: 1. Christopher Ward. Residence: Abbeville. ESPY, JOHN JOLLY, business man and State legislator, was born April 11, 1878, in Henry County; son of Thomas F. and Francis (Searcy) Espy, and brother of Thomas Marion Espy (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of Henry County; studied law and was admitted to the bar by the supreme court of Alabama, 1899; practiced law at Dothan 548 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY from 1900 to 1902; removed to Headland and engaged in the mercantile business; established the First national bank of Headland in 1904; and has been interested in live stock, agricul ture and the fertilizer business. He served as council man of Headland, 1906-1908, and as mayor 1909 and 1910. In 1911 he was senator from the thirty-fifth district, comprising Henry and Houston Counties, and in 1915 he was a representative from Henry County in the house. He is a Democrat; Baptist; Mason; Odd Fellow; Knight of Pythias; Woodman of the World; and a Columbian Woodman. Mar ried: December 18, 1901, at Ozark, to Emma, daughter of Major and Sarah Carroll (q. v.). Children: 1. Sarah Frances; 2. John J., jr.; 3. Major W.; 4. Josephine. Residence: Headland. ESPY, JOSEPH SAMUEL, teacher, was born January 18, 1844, in Tallapoosa County; son of Robert Marion and Elizabeth (Watts) Espy, the former a native of Lincoln, N. C, who emi grated to Alabama and lived in Tallapoosa and Barbour Counties; grandson of Capt. Samuel and Elizabeth (Stone) Espy, the former the commander of a company in Graham's regi ment during the Revolutionary War, who was wounded at the battle of King's Mountain. When he was ten years old, he moved with his parents to Barbour County, where he at tended school while working on his father's plantation. Later he attended Old Field acad emy, near Hilliardsville, and a school at Cot ton Hill, Ga. In 1862, he started a school at Eufaula, Barbour County, but soon gave it up to join the C. S. Army; enlisted in the light artillery commanded by Capt. Clark at Eufaula, with which company he served until the sur render. He than settled at Lawrenceville; attended school for a short time; taught a country school for a short time in 1866; and in the fall of that year entered Emory and Henry college, Virginia, from which institu tion he was graduated, A. M., 1870. He re turned to Lawrenceville, Henry County, and taught a school there for eighteen consecutive years. In 1889, he accepted the principalship of the Southeast Alabama agricultural school and experiment station, located at Abbeville, and held that position for many years. He is a Democrat and a Baptist. Married: October 2, 1870, Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Hardy and Mary Dawkins, who lived at Law renceville. Children: 1. James Buhrman (q. v.), m. Ella Ward, Abbeville; 2. W. W., Cordele, Ga.; 3. A. C, m. Lela Wright, Savannah, Ga.; 4. Clara Elizabeth, m. C. H. Strickland; 5. Lulu Vivian, m. John W. Daniels, Americus, Ga.; 6. Joseph Samuel, m. Miss A. J. Fenn, Cordele, Ga.; 7. Daisy Mary, m. John T. McArthur, Moultrie, Ga. ; 8. William D., Dothan. Residence: Abbe ville. ESPY, THOMAS BENTON, Baptist minister, was born February 13, 1837, in Cass, now Bar tow County, Ga., and died February 7, 1881, at Little Rock, Ark.; son of Thomas Espy, of Lincoln County, N C, who moved to Cherokee County in 1849; grandson of Samuel Espy, of Lincoln County, N. C, who was a captain in the Revolutionary Army, and was wounded at the battle of King's Mountain. He received his education in the common schools of Cherokee County, and spent two years at Howard col lege, at Marion. He left college at the time of the death of his father, in order to take charge of the estate. He engaged in the mercantile business until 1858, when he entered the min istry of the Baptist church. He was ordained in December, 1861, and in February of the fol lowing year entered the C. S. Army, as a private in Co. A, Thirty-first Alabama infantry regiment. On the reorganization of the regi ment, he was elected chaplain, and held that position until the close of the war, surrender ing with Gen. Johnston. He was pastor at Athens for two years; moved to Little Rock, Ark., in 1868, and became pastor of the First Baptist church; moved to Pleasant Hill, Lon oke County, Ark., in 1871, and was pastor there until 1874; in 1873, in connection with Elder T. P. Boone of Searcy, established the "West ern Baptist," which was then printed at Searcy; moved to Cabot in 1874, preached one Sunday a month, and continued his editorial work; returned to Little Rock, Ark., in 1876, where the paper was afterward published; subse quently was engaged in travelling in the inter est of the paper and the State work; served the church at Conway about three years, until the close of 1879, preaching only one Sunday a month; gave up pastoral work entirely in 1888, and devoted his whole time to travelling for the paper, the publication of which had been suspended in 1879, and which was to come out again under the name of "The Evangel." He had been elected editor of "The Evangel" by the board of directors, but died before the first issue of the paper. During the time of the sus pension of the "Western Baptist," he was con nected with the "Baptist Reflector," and with the "American Baptist Flag," at St. Louis, Mo. He was a Democrat. Married: December 4, 1861, in Cherokee County, to Elizabeth Mercy Reeves. Children: 1. Adonirom Judson; 2. James; 3. Bessie Reeves; 4. Sarah Rousseau; 5. Alabama Georgia. Last residence: Little Rock, Ark. ESPY, THOMAS MARION, lawyer, member constitutional convention and legislator, was born April 2, 1862, in Henry County; son of Thomas Franklin and Frances B. (Searcy) Espy, the former a farmer and teacher, served four years in the C. S. Army, and was a mem ber of the house of representatives, 1876 and 1896; grandson of Robert and Elizabeth Espy and of James and Axia (Norwood) Searcy, the latter a member of the Alabama senate in 1853; brother of John Jolly Espy (q. v.). Mr. Espy was educated at Lawrenceville; admitted to the bar in 1885, and has practiced at Colum bia and Dothan; delegate to the constitutional convention of 1901, and served as a member of the judiciary committee; represented Henry County in the house, 1903. He is a Democrat. Married: (1) October IS, 1892, in Henry County, to Anna Clark, daughter of Thomas DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 549 J. and Jane Farmer, of Shorterville; (2) Sep tember 10, 1899, to Marie Louise, daughter of Rev. George E. Brewer, at one time chaplain for convicts. Residence: Dothan. ESSELMAN, GEORGE W., deputy grand high priest, grand chapter Masons, 1837. ESTES, JAMES ALBERT, lawyer, was born October 14, 1860, in Fayette County; son of C. B. Estes. He was raised on his father's farm, and attended school only about five or six months. When he was fifteen years of age, he practically took charge of the farm, working there in the daytime, and sitting up until the dead hours of the night to study in a little house at the edge of the yard prepared especially for his use. He soon mas tered the essentials of an education; taught school for a time; moved to Walker County in 1884 with an elder brother and started the town of Day's Gap, now known as Oakman, where he engaged in the merchandising busi ness; retired from that business to assist in the construction of the Kansas City, Memphis & Birmingham railroad; returned to the mer chandising business at Day's Gap upon the completion of his engagement, and at the same time taught school. He remained in that place until 1890, when he removed to Bessemer with his business. His wife took charge of the store, releasing Mr. Estes to take up the study of law undisturbed. He was admitted to the bar, July 1, 1893, and closed out the mer chandising business soon after. Upon the es tablishment of the city court at Bessemer, he received the appointment of solicitor, which position he held in addition to conducting an extensive common law practice. He is a Demo crat. Residence: Bessemer. ETHERIDGE, JOHN W., farmer, was born July 30, 1810, in North Carolina, and died Jan uary 4, 1897, at Belleville, Conecuh County; son of Malachi and Margaret (Wheatly) Ethe- ridge, natives of Edgefield District, S. C, and Georgia, respectively, who moved to Alabama in 1818, and were the first inhabitants of a small settlement eleven miles below Brooklyn, founded on the Conecuh River. He became a farmer and stock raiser on the old homestead until 1860, when he moved with his family to Belleville. He took an active part in defeating the Republicans in the last days of reconstruc- • tion, and in 1870 was regarded as the most available man to defeat the Republican party for the legislature. He defeated William P. Miller in the ensuing election, representing Conecuh County in the State legislature during the sessions of 1870 and 1872. He held the office of census enumerator of the county in 1870. He was a Democrat and a Master Mason, having been a member of the Masonic order for more than forty years. Married: October 7, 1841, near Brooklyn, Lucinda Susan, born October 8, 1824, daughter of Thomas and Mary (Caldwell) Mendenhall, granddaugh ter of Sarah Underwood. Children: 1. Mary Jane, m. Mack Thomas Johnston, both de ceased, last residence, Brooklyn; 2. Malachi Wheatly, deceased, m. Sarah Adelaide Darby, Evergreen; 3. Margaret Eliza, m. Batts Mitchel Johnson, Castlebury; 4. Sarah Elizabeth, Ever green, m. John Absolom McCreary, deceased; 5. Nancy Josephine, m. William Elihu Liver- man, Arkadelphia, Ark.; 6. Thomas William, deceased,- m. Nannie Beadley, Pensacola, Fla.; 7. James Walter, m. Maggie Donald Burnett, Belleville; 8. George Washington, m. (1 )Anna Coker Lide, (2) Martha Smith, Panama, Fla.; 9. Martha Eugenia, m. John Samuel Beadley, Belleville; 10. Lulu Bell, m. Percy Walker John ston, Brooklyn. Last residence: Belleville. ETHRIDGE, E. R., first president of the State normal college, Troy. Residence: Fort Payne. EUBANK, ALFRED, dentist, was bom Sep tember 18, 1851, in Jefferson County; son of William Carroll and Eliza (Hickman) Eubank, natives of Jefferson County, members of early pioneer families, the former of whom is said to have been the first white child born in that county. He received his early education in the common schools of the county, and at the age of seventeen, began to study medicine under Dr. M. H. Jordan. He entered the Dental college of Baltimore, and was graduated from that school in 1874. He located in Birming ham, where he opened his dental practice. Since 1882, he has been associated with his brother, George Eubank (q. v.), under the firm name of Eubank brothers. He helped or ganize, and has served as president of the Alabama State dental association; and was a member and organizer of the first dental ex amining board in the state. He is a member of the Southern dental association; is a Demo crat; an Episcopalian; and a Mason. Married: June, 1873, Sarah E., daughter of James and Sarah Brown, of Jefferson, a descendant of the Rutledge family who emigrated to America during the early colonial period. Children: 1. Minnie B.; 2. Kate; 3. Lucy; 4. Emma; and two children who are deceased. Residence: Birmingham. EUBANK, GEORGE, dentist, was born Au gust 17, 1861, near Birmingham; son of Will iam Carroll and Eliza (Hickman) Eubank, natives of Jefferson County, members of pioneer families of that county, the former of whom was one of the first white children bora in that territory, and served as sheriff, tax col lector and assessor of Jefferson County. He obtained his early education in the common schools of the county, studied dentistry under his elder brother, Dr. Alfred Eubank (q. v.), for two years; entered Harvard university in the fall of 1879, studied both dentistry and medicine in that institution, and was gradu ated in 1882. The same year he formed a co partnership with his brother, under the firm name of Eubank brothers, in Birmingham. He was vice-president of the Dental association of Alabama and Tennessee in 1885; has served two terms of five years as president of the Alabama State dental association; and is a member of the state board of dental exam iners. He is president of the Birmingham 550 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Rod and Gun club; is a member of the Episco pal church; a Mason; and an Elk. Married: April 29, 1885, Cammie C, daughter of Craw ford Blackwood, of Mobile. Children: 1. George, jr.; 2. William C. Residence: Bir mingham. EVANS, AURELIUS AUGUSTUS, lawyer, judge third judicial circuit, justice Alabama su preme court, member of State board of equaliza tion, was born December 24, 1862, near Seale, Russell County; son of John Quincy and Frances Elizabeth (Collier) Evans, the former a native of Edgefield District, S. C, came to Georgia and lived in Greene and Monroe Coun ties until the winter of 1859, when he removed to Russell County, Ala., where he lived until his death in 1883; grandson of John Evans and of Vines and Sarah Collier, the former came to Greene County, Ala., prior to 1830 with his fam ily, the latter came from Virginia to Upson County, Ga. Judge Evans was educated in the common schools of Russell County, and at the University of Alabama, where he graduated A. B., 1885, receiving the honorary A. M., in 1888. For four years following graduation he was engaged in teaching, reading law in the mean time. On November 1, 1889, after an exami nation in open court by Chancellor John A. Foster, was admitted to the bar and has since practiced at Clayton and Montgomery. He was a member of the town council of Clayton for several years, and mayor of the same place, 1896-98. In the latter year was elected judge of the third judicial circuit, and re-elected in 1904, serving until his appointment to the supreme court in 1909. At the expiration of his term in 1911, he was appointed a member of the State tax commission, serving in this capacity until 1915. He is now a member of the State board of equalization. He is a Demo crat, and has served as a member of his county executive committee, delegate to the State conventions of his party, and of the Demo cratic national convention of 1904. He is a Methodist and a Mason. Married: December 27, 1888, at Opelika, to Celeste Victoria, daugh ter of Judge George H. and Celesta Roberta Waddell, of Crawford, Russell County, the for mer was at one time probate judge of Russell County, and was killed at Columbus, Ga., while the Federal troops were occupying that city in 1865. Mrs. Evans is the great-great-grand daughter of Gen. Francis Nash, a Revolutionary patriot from North Carolina, and a cousin of the late James Tredell Waddell, commander of the "Shenandoah" during the war of Seces sion. Children: 1. Frances Isabelle; 2. Robert; 3. Aurelius Augustus, Jr.; and three other adopted children of his brother Thomas H. Evans who married his wife's sister. Resi dence: Montgomery. EVANS, FRANK VALLATLON, accountant, journalist, and mayor, was bora November 25, 1850, near Fayetteville, Cumberland County, N. C; son of John and Frances (Knight) Evans, the former of Cumberland County, N. C, the lat ter of Augusta County, Ga.; grandson of Enoch and Elizabeth (Vallatlon) Knight, who were of French descent, but who lived at Augusta, Ga.; great-grandson of Jonathan Evans, who came from Wales to Pennsylvania early in the eigh teenth century, later moving to North Carolina. He received his education in the primary schools of Florida and later attended the Flor ida military academy and Bowdon college. He is a journalist and accountant. He founded the "Daily-Age" the predecessor of the "Age- Herald" in Birmingham in 1882; the "Birming ham Chronicle" in 1886; the "Meridian, Miss., Press," in 1903, and was formerly one of the proprietors of the "Walker County News" of Jasper. He served as city clerk and treasurer of Albany, Ga., 1878-1880; was city clerk, treas urer and auditor of Birmingham, 1885-1895; and mayor of Birmingham, December, 1896, to May, 1899. In 1911 he was appointed an exam iner of accounts by Governor O'Neal, resigning in 1913, to enter business in Birmingham. He is a Democrat ; a Presbyterian. Author : a num ber of descriptive pamphlets and booklets and contributions to the newspapers. Married: (1) January 14, 1875, at Statesboro, Ga., to Louisa C, daughter of George W. and Adeline (Greene) Hill of Cartersville, Ga., the latter a direct descendant of Gen. Nathaniel Greene of the Revolution; (2) to Sarah E., daughter of Gaston H. and Sarah E. Wilder. Children j by first wife: 1. Frank, d. unmarried; 2. John; 3. George; 4. Addie; 5. Callie. Residence: Birmingham. EVANS, GEORGE ALEXANDER, lawyer, was born March 31, 1849, at Columbus, Lowndes County, Miss., and died June 9, 1908, at Birmingham; son of Richard and Hannah Sherman (Stanton) Evans, the former a na tive of Greenville, Pitt County, N. C, was a lawyer at Columbus, Miss., and served as school commissioner for several years; grandson of Benjamin and Sarah (Sheffield) Stanton, who lived at South Kingston, R. I. Thomas Stan ton, the progenitor of the Stanton family in this country, was an early settler of Rhode Island, where he was granted large tracts of land in King's Province, now Narragansett, by the Crown. The Evans family was intro duced into America by two brothers, Richard and George Evans, who emigrated from Wales about 1830, to Bath, Beaufort County, N. C, bringing with them from England the mate rials for an Episcopal church, the ruins of which are still to be found in North Caro lina. Mr. Evans obtained his schooling in Columbus, Miss., and in Hillsboro, N. C. He enlisted in a cavalry company of the C. S. Army when he was fourteen years old, and was captured with the company, en route from Columbus. He entered the law office of his father when he was fifteen years old, was admitted to the bar in Columbus, Miss., and practiced law in that city in partnership with Judge James M. Arnold, who resigned the position of chief justice of Mississippi to enter the firm. After practicing in that city for twenty-five years, the firm of Arnold & Evans DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 551 moved to Birmingham and opened a law office in that place. Mr. Evans was a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Knight Templar; a Knight of Pythias; and an Odd Fellow. Married: in 1869, in Vaiden, Miss., Emily, daughter of John E. and Elizabeth (Vaiden) Phillips; grand daughter of Joseph C. M. Vaiden, who moved from Virginia to the Delta country of Missis sippi, accumulating vast areas of delta land and hundreds of slaves. Children: 1. Richard Vaiden (q. v.) ; 2. John Phillips, m. Fannie Randolph. Last residence: Birmingham. i EVANS, GEORGE RYAN, lawyer, was born January 1, 1807, in Greene County, N. O, and died June 18, 1850, at Cahaba; son of Ben jamin and Catharine (Sheppard) Evans, who came to Alabama about 1818, and settled in Claiborne, Monroe County. He acquired a fair education in Claiborne, and after his father's death in 1824, obtained a situation as a school teacher. He taught for three or four years; studied medicine for two years; resumed his teaching, and read law during the same time. Admitted to the bar, he opened a law office in Cahaba in 1834. The same year, he was elected by the general assembly judge of the county court to succeed Judge Clinton. He held that office for two years; succeeded B. C. Yancey as register in chancery for that district in ' 1839 ; held that office until 1843 when he was elected to represent Dallas County in the State legislature. Following his term in that body, he devoted all his time to his profession until his death in 1850. Married: Miss Arthur, who resides with his daughters in Dallas County. Last residence: Cahaba. EVANS, MAT RYAN, planter, was born April 23, 1809, in Union District, S. C, and died August 27, 1868, in Mobile; son of Thomas and Martha (Crenshaw) Evans, of South Caro lina. He was educated in the schools of his community, and removed to Muscogee County, Ga., in the early thirties, where he engaged in planting, and later built, in the suburbs of Columbus, a large residence which is now oc cupied by the Howard family. He acquired an extensive plantation on the Chattahoochee River, near Oswitchee, to which he removed. In 1848 he located near San Antonio, Tex., to engage in sheep raising. In 1852 he returned to Alabama, and established a residence at Mobile, where he engaged in the cotton busi ness. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: July 15, 1834, Sarah Skrine, daugh ter of John and Jane (Crenshaw) Howard, who moved from Milledgeville to Columbus, Ga., and were the descendants of the Cren shaw and Howard families of South Carolina and Georgia. Children: 1. Augusta Jane (q. v.), m. L. M. Wilson, of Mobile; 2. John How ard, unm. lives in Mobile; 3. Vivian Ruther ford, m. Fannie White; 4. Carolina Cooper, m. Col. Bush Jones (q. v.) ; 5. Sarah, m. J. W. Bush (q. v.), of Birmingham; 6. Mary Eliza, m. Leo Tarleton, N. Y.; 7. Randolph Cren shaw, m.. Claire Hamlin, of Mobile; 8. Anna Virginia, m. Braxton Bragg, son of Judge John Bragg (q. v.). Last residence: Mobile. EVANS, OWEN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 78, and a resident of Mor gan County; corporal S. C. Continental Line; enrolled on September 17, 1825, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818; payment to date from November 4, 1825; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $128. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv. Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. EVANS, RICHARD VAIDEN, lawyer and circuit judge, was born August 16, 1871, at Vai den, Carroll County, Miss.; son of George Alex ander and Emily (Phillips) Evans (q. v.), the former a lawyer of Columbus, Miss., later of Bir mingham; grandson of Richard and Hannah (Stanton) Evans, the former a native of North Carolina who ' removed to Columbus, Miss., where he practiced law, and of Edmund and Eliz abeth (Vaiden) Phillips, the former a native of Charles City County, Va., who later removed to Vaiden, Miss., and who served from Mississippi in the C. S. Army. Judge Evans received his early education in the public and private schools of Columbus, Miss.; attended a prepara tory school at Oxford, Miss.; and spent three years, 1887-90, at the University of Alabama. He later studied law in the offices of his father. He commenced the practice in Birmingham, 1892; removed to New York City, 1898, and re turned to Birmingham, 1909. He was city at torney of Birmingham, 1895-96; appointed judge of the court of appeals, 1916; appointed spe cial assistant attorney general of the State, 1919; appointed November 22, 1919, and elected in May, 1920, circuit judge of Birmingham. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; Mason; Knight Templar, and an Odd Fellow. Author: the compiler of a number of the early volumes of North Carolina reports. Married: Septem ber 6, 1905, at Birmingham, to Rebecca Durr, daughter of William and Elizabeth (Talor) Berney; great-granddaughter of Dr. James and Jane (Safford) Berney; great-great-grand daughter of Chief Justice Reuben Saffold (q. v.). Children: 1. William Berney; 2. Richard Evans. Residence: Birmingham. EVANS, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, physician, was born August 5, 1865, at Marion, Perry County; son of William Augustus and Julia Josephine (Wyatt) Evans, the former born near Madison, Morgan County, Ga., who lived at Aberdeen, Miss., from 1840 until his death, and was a surgeon in the C. S. Army, attend ing the army hospital at Marion; grandson of William Gilbert and Adaline (Heard) Evans, natives respectively, of Wilkes and Morgan Counties, Ga., who lived at Aberdeen, Miss., the latter a member of the Stephen Heard fam ily which settled in Georgia from Ireland, be fore the Revolutionary War; and of William Newton and Elizabeth (Miller) Wyatt, who lived at Marion, the latter a descendant of the Millers, Blasingames and McGowans, English and Scotch families who settled in North Caro lina; great-grandson of William Evans, of the Evans family which came to Virginia from Wales in the seventeenth century, and whose descendants went to Georgia at the beginning 552 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY of the nineteenth century, and of Elijah Wyatt, a native of Abbeville District, S. C, whose fam ily came from England and settled in Virginia in the early colonial days. Dr. Evans attended the public schools of Aberdeen, Miss.; grad uated from the Agricultural and Mechanical college of Mississippi, B. S., 1883, and M. S., 1898, from Tulane university, Louisiana, M. D., 1885, from the medical department of the Uni versity of Illinois, M. D., 1889, from the Uni versity of Michigan, D. P. H, 1911; and re ceived the degree of LL. D. from Tulane uni versity, 1909. He practiced medicine at Aber deen, Miss., 1885-1891, and has practiced in Chicago, 111., since that time. He was demon strator of pathology, 1891-1895, and professor, 1895-1908, at the University of Illinois college of medicine, Chicago, 111.; health commissioner of Chicago, 1907-1911; professor of hygiene, Northwestern university medical school since 1908; pathologist, Cook County Hospital; con sulting pathologist, Alexian brothers hospital; health editor of the Chicago "Tribune"; mem ber of the National society for the study and prevention of tuberculosis; of the Columbus medical laboratory; of the American medical association; member and president, 1892-1893, of the Chicago medical society; former presi dent of the Illinois society for the prevention of tuberculosis; president, 1916-1917, of the American public health association; member of the National drainage congress; of the Na tional mouth hygiene association; of the Amer ican association for the prevention of infant mortality; of the Lake Michigan water associa tion; of the Committee of Fifteen of Chicago; of the Committee on Smoke abatement of Chi cago; of the Chicago tuberculosis institute; secretary of the Infant welfare association of Chicago; chairman of the National commission on milk standards; member of Chicago vice commission. Dr. Evans served as first sergeant of the Aberdeen Guards, 1885-1886, and as major and surgeon, First cavalry, Illinois na tional guard, 1908-1911. He is author of "Notes on Pathology," "Practical Medicine Series," "Pathology," and "How to Keep Well." He is a Progressive; a Baptist; a Knight Templar; and a Shriner. Married: November 20, 1907, in Chi cago, 111., to Idamay, daughter of Richard Crump and Kate (Robertson) Wilkinson, who lived at Bolivar, Tenn., the former of whom served four years in the C. S. Army; granddaughter of Martha (Wynne) Wilkinson, and of Amanda (Craig) Robertson, of near Franklin, Tenn. The Wilkinson family came from South Carolina to Bolivar, Tenn., and the Robertsons came to central Tennessee from Georgia. Residence: Chicago, 111. EVERHART, ADELAIDE, artist, was born in Charlotte, N. C; daughter of Rev. George Marlow and Cornelia Adelaide (Banner) Ever- hart (q. v.) ; granddaughter of William and Su san (deKalb) Everhart, of Leesburg, Va., the former a planter, and brother of Lawrence Ever hart who served with distinction in the Revolu tionary Army, the latter a kinswoman of Baron deKalb, and of Constantine Ladd and Mary (Bowman) Banner, of Salem, N. O, the former a planter and one of the first promoters of public schools in North Carolina, the latter a first cousin of Judge William Preston Bynum, a judge of the supreme court of North Carolina; great-granddaughter of Christian Everhart who came to America from Wurtemberg, Germany, a descendant of Duke Eberhardt of the reigning house, and Dr. Andrew Bowman, a graduate of the University of Dublin, Ireland, whose an cestors were Huguenot refugees from France, of the original name of Beaumont; great-great- granddaughter of Margaret (Hampton) Bynum, sister of Gen. Wade Hampton of the Revolu tionary Army. Miss Everhart was educated at Kemper hall, Kenosha, Wis.; was graduated at Hamner hall, Montgomery, Ala., and at Barthol omew school, Cincinnati, O.; and obtained her professional education at the Cincinnati art school, and at the Art students' league, New York City. She opened an art studio at Mont gomery, later moved to Atlanta, Ga., and still later, located in Decatur, Ga. She has painted portraits of Gen. William Wirt Allen, major general of the C. S. Army, and of Maj.- Henry R. Shorter, both owned by the Department of archives and history, and located in the Ala bama State Capitol; of Hon. Charles F. Crisp, speaker of the national house of representatives, of Gov. John Marshall Slaton, in 1910, as ex- speaker of the Georgia house of representa- tives, and of Gov. Slaton, in 1911, as ex-presi dent of the senate, all owned by the State of Georgia, and located in the Georgia State Cap itol ; of Mrs. Livingston Mims, Christian Science leader, owned by the Prospective museum of art in Atlanta, and loeated in the Carnegie Library; of Capt. Austin Davis, naval officer killed on duty at Tien Tsin, in 1898, owned by the City of Atlanta, and located in the Carnegie Library; of Mrs. Jennie L. Byers, a prominent daughter of the Revolution, owned by the At lanta Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution, and located in the chapter house; of Robert F. Maddox, and Stewart Woodson, both ex-presidents chamber of commerce, owned by and located in the Atlanta chamber of com merce; of J. W. Rucker, president Maddox Rucker bank, owned and located in the Ameri can national bank; of Dr. A. W. Calhoun, oculist, owned by Dr. Phinizy Calhoun, and located in the office of the latter in Atlanta; and of William Preston Bynum, former student of the University of North Carolina, owned by the University of North Carolina, and located in the Bynum memorial gymnasium. Her origi nal paintings include the "Feast of Roses," owned by and located in the Capital City club of Atlanta; the "Betrothal of Pomona and Ver- tumnus," "Ceres and Proserpine," "Nymphs of Bacchus," "Hebe," and "Dream Lilies," owned by Mrs. Delos A. Blodgett, of Grand Rapids, Mich., and Daytona, Fla.; copy of Guida's "Aurora," owned by and located in the Capitol City club of Atlanta. She has illustrated "Roses of Saint Elizabeth," by Jane Scott Woodruff; "Gabriel and the Hour Book," by Evaleen Stein; "Clementina's Highwayman," by Robert Neil- son Stephens; and "Miss Billy, Married," by Eleanor H. Porter. Residence: Decatur, Ga. GENERAL LOUIS V. CLARK DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 555 EVERHART, GEORGE MARLOW, Episcopal minister, was born February 9, 1826, in Lou doun County, Va., and died in 1891, at Decatur, Ga.; son of William and Susan (Kalb) Ever hart, natives of Loudoun County, Va.; grand son of Christian and Maria Labilla (Greier) Everhart, who lived at Frandenthal, Germany, until they emigrated to this country where they lived first in Pennsylvania, and later in Virginia, and of John and Susannah Kalb, who lived at Loudoun County, Va. He was prepared at Dr. Hagerty's academy, Leesburg, Va., and at Dickinson college, Carlisle, Pa.; was graduated from Emory and Henry college, Virginia, A. B., 1852, and later, A. M. He studied theology under Rt. Rev. A. C. Cox in Baltimore, 1859-1860, and was ordained a priest in the Episcopal church in 1861. The degree of S. T. D. was conferred upon Dr. Everhart by Columbia college, New York, in 1871. He was principal of the Masonic institute at Ger- mantown, North Carolina, 1852-1854; was pres ident of Huntsville female college, 1854-1859; president of the Nashville female academy, Tennessee, in 1860; rector of Calvary church, Louisville, Ky., until the beginning of the War of Secession; rector of St. Peter's Episcopal church, Charlotte, N. C, during the war, and served as an irregular in hospital work and on battlefields, joining the army whenever a big battle was imminent; was rector of St. John's church, Louisville, Ky, 1868-1872; or ganizer and rector of Kemper Hall diocese school for Girls, Kenosha, Wis., 1872-1878; rector of Hammer Hall diocese school for girls, Montgomery, 1879-1889; did mission work and established churches during this time at Green ville, Prattville, Opelika; moved permanently to Decatur, Ga., in 1899, but continued his work in Opelika and his connection with the Diocese of Alabama until the time of his death. On April 23, 1865, Dr. Everhart preached be fore Jefferson Davis, his cabinet, and many of the chief officers of the C. S. Army, who at that time sought refuge in Charlotte, N. C. It was the last sermon heard by President Davis previous to his capture. During the war, Dr. Everhart published and edited the "Church Intelligencer," at Charlotte, the only church paper published in the South during that period. He was author of "Josephine and Other Poems," published by Harper & Brothers, New York, 1858. He was a Knight Templar. Married: in 1853, at Germantown, N. C, Cor nelia Adelaide, daughter of Constantine Ladd and Mary (Bowman) Banner, who lived at Salem, N. C; granddaughter of Dr. Andrew Bowman of North Carolina; cousin of Gen. Wade Hampton of South Carolina, who fought in the War of Secession, and of W. P. Bowman, a justice of the supreme court of North Caro lina; and a descendant of William Hampton who came to Virginia from England in 1620. Children: 1. Dr. Edgar, A. M„ Ph. D., m. Elfrida Keller, Atlanta medical college, Atlanta, Ga.; 2. Mary Sue (q. v.), m. Robert Cunningham, Decatur, Ga.; 3. George Marlow, jr., deceased; 4. Henry Banner, Decatur, Ga.; 5. Adelaide (q. v.) ; 6. Lay Hampton, lieutenant commander, U. S. Navy, Decatur, Ga.; 7. Emily Ethel, de- Voi. in— 36 ceased; 8. Lawrence, m. Mary Pearl Powell, At lanta medical college, Atlanta, Ga. Last resi dence: Decatur, Ga. EVERITT, JOHN FAGAN, public official, was born March 15, 1784, in Georgia, and died June 23, 1842, in Mobile; son of John and Sarah Everett. After his first marriage, Mr. Everitt moved to what was then the Territory of Alabama, and took an active part in the Creek Indian War, in the southern campaign of which he served as a captain in the regular army. He resided for several years at St Stephens, the territorial seat of government, and afterwards moved to Mobile where he re sided until his death. He was elected mayor of Mobile three different times; frequently represented Mobile County in the State legis lature; and at the time of his death was serv ing as judge of the county court and judge of probate in Mobile. He was a Whig. A con temporary has said of him, "He was a martial man. He had one fault; he never knew when he was whipped. He had an indomitable will and energy and only needed a larger field to become a man of great renown. He could not tolerate the least tendency toward an untruth, and was of the strictest integrity." An in stance of his hardy common-sense and love of justice in often referred to at the present day in the Alabama courts. A bank brought a suit in his court on a promissory note. Being without any defense, the counsel for the de^ fendant pleaded the unconstitutionality of the bank's charter. Judge Everitt heard the ar gument for a while, but getting out of pa tience, interrupted the counsel, saying he did not want to hear any more. 'The defendant,' said he, 'borrowed the money from the bank and gave his note for it, didn't he?' 'Yes, your honor,' was the reply, 'but ' 'Well,' said the judge, agsin interrupting, 'if it was constitutional for him to borrow the money, it's constitutional for him to pay it back." Married: (1) Sarah Ann Lestei Mitchell; (2) Sarah, born May 11, 1797, died July 2, 1824, daughter of Obadiah and Sarah (Brit ton) Hand, granddaughter of Capt. Samuel Hand, of New Jersey and New Brunswick; (3) Ann Blount Slade. Children, by first mar riage: 1. Hannah, m. Dr. J. F, Roberts, Mo bile; 2. Jane Independence, m. John W. Towns- end, of New York, children, Amelia, m. Bishop H. N. McTyeire, D. D. (q. v.) , and Emma J., m. H. P. Vass; by second marriage, 3. Mary Elizabeth, b. November 6, 1816, m. Augustus Brooks, d, of paralysis in 1878, leaving eight children; 4, Enoch, b. September 8, 1818, d. 1854, m. Florida Duval, daughter of Gov. Duval of Florida; 5. Martha Eliza, b. March 22, 1820, m. February 5, 1835, Robert L. Crawford, daughter, Frank A., resides in New York, m. Commodore Cor nelius Vanderbilt, deceased; 6. Jack Ross, b. March 10, 1822, m. Antionette Garcia, daughter of a Spanish captain whose life he caused to be spared when taken prisoner, died leaving eight children; 7. Dinkins, d. June 20, 1824; by third marriage, 8. Margaret, m. Simon Jones, a tea merchant of California; 9. Helen B., m. Mr. Potter, a lawyer of Texas; 10. Fan- 556 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY nie M., m. Mr. Shallenberger, of California; 11. John F., d. in childhood. Last residence: Mobile. EVINS, ROBERT BENSON, lawyer and legis lator, was born March 31, 1875, near Marion, Perry County; son of Robert Hamilton and Martha Amelia (Thompson) Evins (q. v.) ; grandson of James Gilliland and Mary (Moore) Evins, the former a native of South Carolina, who came to Perry County in 1830, was a planter and member of the Alabama legislature, and of John Ford and Mary Eleanor (Benson) Thompson, the former a surveyor, business man, brigadier-general, Alabama State troops; great- great-grandson of Alexander Evins, who came to America from Wales, settled in Spartanburg County, S. C, soldier in the Revolutionary War. serving under Anthony Wayne at the capture of Stony Point, where he was severely wounded, and of Thomas Moore, of Spartanburg County, S. C, major-general in the War of 1812, served for many sessions in both houses of the South Carolina legislature, and as a representative in congress from South Carolina, 1815-17. He is the great-nephew on his mother's side of Gov. Andrew Barry Moore of Alabama. Mr. Evins received his early education in the country schools of Perry County, and attended Marion institute, Marion, 1887-89, but did not complete the graduate course. He took a course at East man business college, Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 1891, later read law privately, was admitted to the bar before Judge John Moore, at Marion, March 8, 1895, and located at Greensboro. He is a member of the bar of the supreme court of the United States, and during 1911-15, was legal adviser to the governor. He was elected to the State senate from the thirty-second sena torial district composed of Greene and Hale counties, 1919, and is the author of the present child labor law of Alabama, of the anti-strike law; and the resolution to reject the pro posed 19th amendment to the U. S. con stitution granting woman suffrage. He was of counsel in litigation that successfully at tacked the constitutionality of the income tax law passed by the legislature of Alabama, 1919; chairman of all war activities in Hale County, 1917-18. He is a member of the American bar association. He is a Democrat; Episcopalian; and Mason. Married: November 12, 1913, at Bluefield, West Va., to Florence Elizabeth, daughter of James . Edward and Amanda (Hutchinson) Mann, of that place, the former organizer and president of the First national bank of Bluefield, the bank of Bramwell, and other banks in Virginia and West Virginia. Her father is descended from Sir Walter Mann of England, and her great-great-grandfather Hutchinson was aid on General Washington's staff during the Revolutionary War. Residence : Greensboro. EVINS, ROBERT HAMILTON, planter, was born March 27, 1845, at Marion; son of James Gilliland and Mary Barry (Moore) Evins. He was educated in the schools of Marion and spent 1862-63 at the University of Alabama; served as corporal in the "Cadet Troop" Ruck- er's escort, Forrest's cavalry, C. S. Army. From 1886-88, he was deputy collector of internal rev enue; and from 1888 to 1904 was circuit clerk of Perry County; is now a planter in Perry County. Married: January 20, 1874, at Marion, to Martha Amelia Thompson of that place. Residence: Marion. EWING, WHITLEY THOMAS, physician, was born December 28, 1823, in Washington County, Va.; son of Samuel and Mary (Davis) Ewing who lived in Virginia, the former of whom died in that state in 1825. When he was fifteen years of age, he went west, stopping first at Rogersville, Tenn., then traveling through Alabama to Memphis, and down the river to Arkansas. From Arkansas, he drifted into Louisiana, then joined his brother, Wil liam Ewing, at Quincy, 111. He attended the Manual labor school at Quincy for four years, then entered Marietta college, Ohio. To pay his expenses while at college, he kept books and taught school in the neighborhood of Marietta. After he finished college, he re turned to Quincy and began to study medicine under Dr. Stahl. He took a course of medical training at Jacksonville, 111., and was grad uated from the St. Louis medical college, M. D., 1848. He practiced in St. Louis, Mo., for two years, then went to California, where he entered practice, and for some time conducted a hospital between Hangtown and Cold Springs. He returned to St. Louis in 1855, remained there for eight months, then moved south to Cass County, Ga., where he practiced medicine for eight years. Before the War of Secession he was a Democrat of the old Jackson school, and during the canvass of 1860 took strong ground in favor of Stephen A. Douglas for the presidency. When the question of secession came up, he took an active stand in favor of the Union. Because of his support of the Union, he was compelled to leave Georgia in 1862, and from that time until his death, re sided in Gadsden. He was a representative in the constitutional convention of 1867 from the thirty -fifth elective district, Etowah County; served as postmaster from 1866-1885, and was chairman of the executive committee of the Republican party for the seventh congressional district during almost that entire period. His chief deputy during his entire incumbency as postmaster, was an old line Whig, acting with the Democrats. He was a Presbyterian and a Mason. Married: August 24, 1855, in St. Louis, Mo., Hannah I. Pettengill, who was bom in Massachusetts and died June, 1886. Children: 1. Arthur E., a graduate of Dart mouth college, who finished his education in Germany, a member of the firm of Green, Post and Ewing, oculists and aurists, St. Louis; 2. Munetta J., m. William P. Shaban. merchant, Attalla; 3. Charles W., in company with J. S. Paden, merchant. Gadsden; 4. Stella M.; 5. Thomas G., broker, Gadsden. Last residence: Gadsden. EYSTER, JOHN CHARLES, lawyer, was born April 22, 1863, at Allegheny City, Alleg- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 557 heny County, Pa.; son of William S. and Alice (McKerahan) Eyster. He spent two sessions at the third ward school in Allegheny, Pa., and attended common schools at Moulton, Ala. He worked on a farm until he was seventeen years of age; read law under Judge Peters and was admitted -to the bar on April 25, 1881; practiced at Moulton until March, 1888, when he removed to New Decatur, now Albany, where he has since resided. He was appointed reg ister in chancery for Lawrence County, Feb ruary, 1885; reappointed in March, 1886, and resigned March 12, 1888; was elected a dele gate from Morgan County to constitutional con vention of 1901. He is a Democrat; a Metho dist. Married: June 16, 1887, at Verona, Miss., to Annie Laura Daugherty. Residence : Decatur. FABER, H. E., mayor of Montgomery, 1870 to 1875; father of Charles D. Faber. Deceased. Last residence: Montgomery. ! I' ¦ FABER, WILLIAM, soldier of the American Revolution, private, particular service not dis; closed; enrolled on December 27, 1836; annual allowance, $100; no record of any payment having been made. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. FAGAN, WILLIAM LONG, teacher and farmer, was born November 20, 1839, at We tumpka, and died May 27, 1914, in Havana; son of Enoch and Penelope Blount (Long) Fagan, the former a native of Plymouth, Wash ington County, N. C, at which place he re sided until he removed to Wetumpka, Ala., 1834, and from there to Marion, Perry County; grandson of Thomas and Mary (Turner) Fa gan, and of William and Charlotte (Blount) Long, the former a Revolutionary soldier, and his wife, Charlotte Blount, was a descendant of early Pilgrim settlers in New England; all of Washington County, N. C; great- grandson of Bedford Fagan, and Capt. Arthur Turner, who was a soldier of the Revolu tion and severely wounded in the knee at Bunker Hill, from which he was a cripple for life. The founder of the American branch of the family was Bedford Fagan, who came to the United States from Ireland in company with his brothers, Enoch and Stephen, and who settled in Washington County, N. C. He received his primary education at Judson col lege, and graduated from Howard college, with the degree of M. A., 1859. He was a teacher and a farmer. On May 16, 1861, he entered the Confederate service, enlisting in what was afterwards Co. K, Eighth Alabama infantry regiment, and was mustered into active service at Richmond, Va., June 9, 1861, as second lieu tenant. He was severely wounded in the bat tle of Manassas. With the exception of the battle of Sharpsburg, he was in every battle of the Army of Northern Virginia in which his company participated. He was present at the surrender at Appomattox, April 9, 1865. In 1864, he was promoted captain of his com pany, and was a member of Gen. Wm. Ma- hone's military family from May to October, 1864. For twenty years prior to his death, he resided on his farm near Havana. He was a Democrat and a Baptist. Author: contributed much data to Col. H. A. Herbert's "History of the 8th Alabama Infantry Regiment," and wrote a series of war articles, published in the "Philadelphia Times." In 1889, he com piled and published "Southern War Songs," one of the most complete collections yet pub lished. Married: November 30, 1874, near Greensboro, to Annie, daughter of David and Elizabeth (Williams) Avery of that place. The Avery family is of English stock, and settled in North Carolina, before the American Revo lution. William Avery, the great-grandfather of Mrs. Fagan, was a captain of infantry in the Revolutionary War from Cumberland County, N. C. His brother, Alexander, was captain of cavalry and the founder of Averys- boro, N. C. Children: 1. Julia, resides at Ha vana; 2. Albert Avery, m. Mary Elizabeth Morrison, auditor of the Gulf pipe line com pany, Tampico, Mexico; 3. Willie, Montevallo. Last residence: Havana. FAIR, BARNABAS, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 76, and a resident of Tusca loosa County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on October 7, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. FAIR, DRURY, physician, was born Novem ber 20, 1811, near the town of Newberry, S. O, and died December 14, 1855, at Selma; son of William and Elizabeth (Young) Fair, the former a native of County Antrim, Ireland, who came to America with his parents in 1772; grandson of Samuel and Jane Fair and of James and Mary (Thompson) Young, all na tives of Ireland. Drury Fair was one of eleven children born to his parents, several of whom became distinguished in the professional an nals of Alabama and South Carolina, includ ing Gen. Elisha Y. Fair (q. v.). He was edu cated at South Carolina college and graduated in medicine from the University of South Carolina, in Charleston. He located in Selma in 1839, and quickly became one of the lead ing physicians of that section. He was deeply sympathetic with the afflicted, and felt an especial pity for the mentally unsound. About the year 1850 he and his partner, Dr. A. G. Mabry, brought the subject of a hospital for the insane before the Medical society of Selma, which is said to have been the first effort ever made in that direction in Alabama. Dr. Mabry, who was at the time correspond ing secretary of the society, entered into ex tensive correspondence with other medical so cieties of the State, and succeeded in securing a delegation from among the members to pre sent the matter to the legislature at its ap proaching session. This commission met with encouragement but not success. Dr. Mabry was sent a second time, and there met a Miss Dorothy Dix, who had been long engaged in similar enterprises. Dr. Fair was a Democrat, 558 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Presbyterian, Mason and Odd Fellow. Mar ried: May 8, 1844, in Tuscaloosa, Laura Evelyn, daughter of Wm. and Martha Ann (Posey) Aylett-; granddaughter of Col. William and Mary (Macon) Aylett, descended from Sir Benjamin Aylett, confined in the Tower of Lon don for his adherence to Charles I, and from his son, Capt. John Aylett, high sheriff of Es sex, England in 1642, and who located in King William County, Va., in 1656. Col. Wm. Aylett was a member of the Virginia convention, and was commissary general of the southern depart ment during the Revolutionary War. The mother of his wife, Mary Macon, was a daugh ter of Col. Augustine Moore, and seventh in descent from Sir Thomas Moore. The maternal grandmother of Col. Wm. Aylett was Unity Dandridge, nee West, who was a grand-niece of Lord Delaware and was ninth in descent from Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, "Surry of Fladden Field." Her daughter, Anna, mar ried Augustine Washington, brother of George Washington. Her daughter, Mary, married Thomas, 9th Lord Fairfax. Children: 1. Wil liam; 2. Lucy Ann, m. Capt. Augustus Poin- dexter Pifer, a Confederate soldier, lawyer, educator, president Female college at Norfolk, Va.; 3. Phillip Augustus; 4. Dandridge Young; 5. Mary Elizabeth; 6. Caroline Fitts; 7. Eliza beth White, m. (1) Clawson, a lawyer of Yorkville, S. C, (2) Clarke, lawyer of Atlanta, Ga.; 8. Laura Aylett, m. C. D. Barks dale, a lawyer of Laurens, S. C. Last resi dence: Selma. FAIR, ELISHA YOUNG, lawyer, and minis ter to Belgium, was born July 4, 1809, at Pros perity, Newberry District, S. C, and died De cember 23, 1886, at Montgomery; son of Will iam and Ann (Young) Fair, the former a na tive of Ireland, who was brought when a very young child by his parents to South Carolina, where he grew to manhood and became a wealthy planter. He was educated in the schools of his native county, and graduated from the South Carolina college, Columbia, about 1830. He was educated for the bar at the same institution. He entered upon the practice in Montgomery about 1835, and at tained success in his profession. In 1856 he was appointed minister to Belgium by Presi dent Pierce, a position in which he was con tinued by President Buchanan. In 1865 he and John A. Elmore represented Montgomery County in the constitutional convention. This was his last public service. In a few years he removed to Autauga County, where he spent his last years as a planter. Prior to his ap pointment as minister to Belgium he had served as a brigadier general of militia and at an earlier date he had served in the Creek and Seminole Wars. He was a Democrat; and after the war he refused an appointment as federal judge tendered on condition that he would transfer his allegiance to the Repub lican party. Married: Martha Ann, daughter of William and Ann (Robinson) Wyatt, of Autauga County, a descendant of Sir Francis Wyatt, colonial governor of Virginia; grand daughter of Todd Robinson, a pioneer planter of Autauga County. Children: 1. Wyatt; 2. Marie L., m. Judge James Q. Smith (q. v.) ; 3. Lucile M.; 4. William Simeon, m. Jessie C. , Prattville. Last residence: Montgomery. FAITH, LYMAN HALL, lawyer, was born August 31, 1846, near St. Stephens, Washing ton County; son of Jackson Walter and Mary Virgin (Womack) Faith, the former born in 1816, at Old Court House, Washington County, lived near St. Stephens, was major of militia, sheriff of Washington County, receiver of land office at St. Stephens, where he died; grand son of Alexander and Nellie (Wells) Faith, the former a soldier with Gen. Andrew Jack son in the Creek Indian War of 1813-14, and who after the war located in Washington County; and of John and Frances (Coleman) Womack, who lived at Pleasant Valley, Wash ington County; great grandson of Henry Faith, who went from Virginia, with Daniel Boone to Kentucky, where he was massacred by the Indians, but three of his sons escaped. It is the family tradition that the Faiths are of Irish origin and the Womacks of Welsh stock. He received his early training in schools near St. Stephens and at Pleasant Val ley; was a state cadet in Glennville collegiate and military institute, September, 1861, to April, 1862, left the institute with other cadets to join C. S. Army; enlisted in Co. A, 32nd Alabama infantry regiment, and discharged March, 1863, on account of ill health; in Oc tober, 1863, enlisted in Co. K, 15th Confederate cavalry regiment, under Col. Harry Maury, serving to the close of the war. He resided on his father's plantation till November, 1867; read law under Col. William Bayles at Mobile; licensed to practice in October, 1868; and has since practiced in Mobile. He is a Democrat, and a Methodist. Married: August 5, 1873, at Mobile, to Pauline Elizabeth, daughter of Rudolph Edward and Elizabeth Priester, of Jackson, Clarke County. Children: 1. Edward Walter, m. Sue Bryce Clarkson, B. S., 1895, LL. B., University of Alabama, practiced law with his father in Mobile; 2. Nannie May, m. Rev. John Renfroe Curry, Tuskegee; 3. Lillian, m. Allan Ross Holland, Mobile; 4. Mabel, m. George Geiger White, Nashville, Tenn.; 5. Willa, m. William Spears Randall, Marion Junction. Residence: Mobile. FALCONER, JOHN, first postmaster of Mont gomery and business man, was born in 1778, in Queen Ann County, Md., and died July, 1854, near Montgomery, and is buried in Oakwood cemetery. The Falconer family were Scotch Quakers, the first . to come to America being Sir Gilbert Falconer who arrived with William Penn. He married Jane Massey of English an cestry, herself a native of Kent County, Md. John Falconer had three brothers and a sister. John and William moved to Manchester, S. C. in 1804, the younger brother Joshua, after go ing west for a while, located in Montgomery. In 1817, John and William joined him there. John was associated with Andrew Dexter in laying off the city of Montgomery, being one DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 559 fourth owner of the original plat, and built the first house in the town. He was the first post master of Montgomery, a position held by him for many years. Later in life he retired from business and resided with the widow of his brother, William, who was Nancy Wilder be fore her marriage. Last residence: Montgom ery. FALCONER, JOSHUA, merchant, was born in Maryland and died in Montgomery, in 1832, brother of John Falconer (q. v.). He came to Alabama early in the State's history having for a while resided in Missouri. He was one of the first merchants in Montgomery and was a citizen of great merit. Married: in Nashville, Tenn., to Miss Irby. Children: 1. Fanny, m. Wm. Ledyard; 2. John. Last residence: Mont gomery. FALCONER, WILLIAM, planter, was a na tive of Maryland and among the early settlers of Montgomery County. He first located on Mt. Meigs road near the city, but later moved to the headwaters of Ramer Creek. He came to Alabama in 1817 with his brother John Fal coner (q. v.) having previously dwelt for a while in Manchester, S. C. He was a Presby terian. Married: while residing in South Caro lina: (1) Anne Singleton; (2) Nancy Wilder. Children, by first wife: 1. Catherine, m. James Belser, (q. v.) ; 2. Martha, m. Dr. Hugh Miller Henry (q. v.); 3. Nancy, m. Benjamin Hart; by the second marriage: 4. Sarah, m. James Rich ard Dillard; 5. Henrietta, d. young; 6. Caroline Ellen, died unmarried; 7. John Peregrene, d. young; 8. Stuart Wilder, d. young; 9. Jane Elizabeth, m. Dr. Charles McEachern; 10. Joshua, Pisgah, Ky.; 11. Eleanor Henrietta, m. Peter George Powell. Last residence: Mont gomery. FALCONNETT, EUGENE F., major, 9th Ala bama cavalry regiment; major, 14th battalion Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. FALKNER, JEFFERSON, lawyer, and Bap tist minister, was born April 22, 1810, in An son County, N. C, and died April 22, 1895, at Montgomery; son of Job and Mary (Gul- ledge) Falkner, of Anson County. His an cestors were of Welsh origin, the earliest rep resentatives in America, having emigrated to Maryland in the 18th century. He was edu cated in Randolph County, read law in a pri vate office and was admitted to the bar in Wedowee in the early forties. He served as both clerk and judge of the county court of that county. In 1845 he represented Randolph and Tallapoosa Counties in the Senate, and about forty years later, 1884-85 and 1886-87, he represented the district composed of Coosa, Elmore and Chilton in the same body. In 1851 he was an unsuccessful candidate for congress from the Talladega district against Alexander White. Although exempt from ac tive military service he raised a company which became Company B, Eighth Confederate cavalry regiment, in which he was promoted lieutenant-colonel. He took much interest in progressive agriculture and with his son, Capt. J. M. Falkner, was editor and proprietor of "The Southern Planter," a weekly farm paper published in Montgomery. He was a Democrat, and for fifty years a Baptist minis ter, and a Mason. Married: (1) in 1828, in Randolph County, to Sarah Ann, (2) Febru ary 8, 1838, at the same place, to Samantha, both daughters of William and Frances (Brant ley) Breed, of that county. The Breed family was of English ancestry, seated in Lynn, Mass., as early as 1630. Breed's Hill, near Bunker Hill, took its name from this family. Members of the family removed from Massachusetts to Georgia and thence to Alabama. Children: 1. William Avery Breed, m. Mary Jane Us- sery, of Birmingham; 2. Emily, deceased; 3. Mary Frances, m. James Chatham; 4. Sarah Ann, m. Frank Cotter May, of Birmingham; 5. Jefferson Manly (q. v.), m. Elizabeth Cameron; 6. Samantha, m. W. W. Beasley; 7. Elizabeth Ann, deceased. Last residence: Montgomery. FALKNER, JEFFERSON MANLY, lawyer and planter, was. born July 14, 1843, at Arba- coochee, Randolph County, and died May 18, 1907, at his country home, Mountain Creek, and is buried at Marbury; son of Jefferson and Samantha (Breed) Falkner (q. v.). At the age of sixteen he entered Mercer university, Penfield, Ga., and two years later, when the war came on, he left college and enlisted in his father's cavalry troop, the "Chambers Cav alry," Co. B, Eighth Confederate cavalry regi ment. He served thirteen months as a private, and rose subsequently to the rank of second lieutenant and captain of his company. He was in all the movements of Wheeler's cavalry from organization to the close of the war. Although he was hit many times by stray bullets, and on more than one occasion had his horse shot under him, he was never seriously injured. Following the close of hostilities he engaged in farming and milling for two years. He then entered upon the study of law, was admitted to the bar at Montgomery in 1868, and at once formed a partnership with his father. This continued until the latter retired in 1875. He then associated himself with Thomas G. Jones, as Jones and Falkner, a relation that continued until 1890, when Mr. Jones was elected governor. In 1890 he was appointed district attorney for the Louisville and Nash ville railroad company, a position he filled until his death. He always took a lively in terest in politics, although never an office seeker. For four years he was an alderman of Montgomery, and in June, 1885,. he was elected city attorney, serving two terms. He was national committeeman from Alabama, and member of the national executive committee of the Democratic party during the campaign of 1896. As a tribute to Captain Falkner, as well as in recognition of his numerous kind nesses to his Confederate comrades, when a second camp of Confederate veterans was or ganized at Montgomery, in 1901, by unanimous vote it was named "Camp Jeff Falkner." This camp at once went energetically to work to provide at Mountain Creek a soldiers' home for indigent worthy Confederate veterans. Captain Falkner donated the land on which 560 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY this home was erected, and was himself chair man of the ways and means and the building committees. When the State made provision for taking over the home, he was appointed by the governor as chairman of its board of trustees. Liberal donations were made to the home from all portions of the state, and the legislature in 1903 made an appropriation of $25,000.00 to complete the buildings, and an additional appropriation of not exceeding $12,500 per annum for its support and main tenance. Additional sums were voted by the legislature of 1907. Capt. Falkner took a wide and intelligent interest in all public affairs, in which it is proper to mention agriculture, horticulture, blooded stock, education and good roads. He was the first member from the second district on the board of trustees of the Alabama Department of Archives and History. He was a Democrat and a Baptist. Married: July 19, 1887, at Mountain Creek, to Elizabeth, daughter of Andrew and Eliza Jane (Crozier) Cameron, of that place, and a sister of William J. Cameron (q. v.). Children: 1. Jefferson Cameron, Lisbon, Ohio; 2. Robert Molton, Schenectady, N. Y. Last residence: Montgomery. FARISS, ROBERT CLEMENT, colonel in Confederate Army, was born in February, 1830, at New Canton, Buckingham County, Va., and died November 19, 1905, in Montgomery; son of Thomas Randolph and Juriah (Blanks) Far- iss, the former a native of Henrico, and the latter of Goochland County, Va.; grandson of William and Elizabeth (Johns) Fariss, of Hen rico County, the former a soldier in the Revo lutionary War, and of Robert and Jane (Pleas ants) Blanks, of Goochland County; great- grandson of Richard and Anna (Laprade) Pleas ants, jr., and lineal descendant of John Pleas ants who came to Virginia, in 1665 from Nor wich, England. The ancestors of Colonel Fariss include the Woodson, Cocke, Aston and Farrar families, among the oldest in Virginia. The Fariss, Blanks, and Laprades are of Norman origin. Colonel Fariss attended schools in New Canton and Richmond, Va.; studied medicine under Dr. James Hill at the former place. Owing to declining health at the age of twen ty-one, he joined his brother, William Blanks Fariss, a planter of Montgomery. He served as captain in the 17th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army, and was promoted colonel. He was a Democrat; a Mason; and a Presby terian. Married: August 1, 1855, at Montgom ery, to Catherine Elizabeth, daughter of Wil liam and Lucy (Bell) Dickenson, and grand daughter of William and Elizabeth (Ratcliffe) Bell all of Falmouth, Stafford County, Va. Children: 1. Mary Blanks, Montgomery; 2. Lulie Bell, m. Harrison Eldridge Stringfellow, Birmingham; 3. Kate, m. Prescott Southall, Blanton; 4. Nannie Bell; 5. Robert C; 6. Thom as Randolph, Montgomery: 7. Hugh Hill, m. Elizabeth Mann, New York City. Last resi dence: Montgomery. FARLEY, JAMES ALFRED, banker, was born February 18, 1824, in Halifax County, Va., and died December 27, 1888, in Montgom ery; son of James and Eliza (Davis) Farley, both natives of Virginia. At the age of four teen he moved to Montgomery and became an employee in a dry goods store owned and con ducted by his older brother, Henry W. Far ley; he was promoted general manager and eastern buyer; resigned and took a position in Winter's iron works; and in 1850 entered upon his career in the banking business as book keeper in the banking house of John Henly & Co.; during the following year, was taken into this firm as a partner; and in the late fifties, upon the death of Mr. Henly, he was left in entire charge of the business. In 1861, with his brother, William G. Farley, he estab lished the Farmer's bank of Alabama, of which he was president; in 1865, James R. Smith was admitted to partnership and the name changed to Farley, Smith & Co.; and in 1870 this firm was succeeded by Farley, Spear & Co. In 1861 he was appointed, by President Jef ferson Davis, agent of the produce loan of the Confederacy with the rank of colonel, which office he held until the close of the war. This position gave him authority not only to pay and settle for all cotton, corn and other pro duce for the Confederate States government, but to negotiate bonds in payment. Married: Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of Dr. Thomas and Mary (Gaither) Hoxey, a prominent physician of Columbus, Ga., and a descendant of a dis tinguished family of that State. Children: 1. Mary Eliza Leonora, m. Charles Spear, de ceased; 2. Cora Annulette, m. John Metcalf, of Montgomery; 3. Louis Bulow, educated at the University of the South, cashier Farley national bank, president Capital city national bank, and promoter, m. Annie Jette, daughter of Dr. Thomas A. Means (q. v.), and have one daughter Jette Aileen Farley, m. Harry Bandy, great-grandson of Dr. Carnot Bellinger (q. v.); 4. Hoxey Carter, m. (1) Annie De Bardelaben, of Montgomery, and (2) Ethel Smith, of Mississippi. Last residence: Mont gomery. FARLEY, JOHN GALLAGHER, business man, was born January 25, 1835, at Hayne ville, Lowndes County, and died July 8, 1913, at Anniston; son of Stewart and Susan (Wald- ron) Farley, the former a native of Monroe County, afid later a resident of Hayneville, a well to do planter; grandson of Daniel Far ley. The family was of Scotch-Irish descent, the original immigrants to America settling in North Carolina. Mr. Farley was educated in the common schools of his native county, and without the advantage of a college or pro fessional training, entered upon his life work at the early age of sixteen. For two and a half years he did general work in a blacksmith shop at Hayneville, where he hardened him self physically and got in touch with the wide and varied interests of the planters. He then entered the office of "The Watchman" at Hayne ville, a weekly paper, where he remained six months. Then in partnership with I. A. Pruitt, edited and published "The Young American," at Benton, a venture which continued about a year. Despairing of his interest, and not yet JAMES B. GREENE DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 563 twenty years of age, he became a clerk in the mercantile establishment of Greenwood & Nichols at Benton, where he remained until the beginning of the War of Secession. In this position he received full training and equipment which were to be of great service in all his subsequent business career. He en tered the Confederate Army in the spring of 1862 as a member of Co. A, 44th Alabama in fantry regiment, and served six months as a private soldier. He was then detailed as sec retary to Gen. E. M. Law, with whom he re mained until the spring of 1864, and he con tinued in the same relation to Gen. Wm. F. Perry, Third brigade, Hood's division, Long- street's corps, Army of Northern Virginia. He was within twenty yards of Gen. Robert E. Lee at Appomattox, April 9, 1865. He returned to Benton with his parole, walking almost the whole distance. He soon formed a mer cantile partnership with Col. Wm. S. May, who shortly thereafter died, after which he suc cessfully conducted the business alone. In 1885 he retired from active business, sold out all his holdings in Lowndes County, and re moved to Verbena. He now invested his means in real estate in Montgomery and Birmingham. When seventy years of age, alone he planned, financed and built the Farley building in Bir mingham. He later removed to Anniston. It is said that he had remarkable judgment, foresight and indomitable will power. He was a Democrat and aided in maintaining white supremacy in Lowndes County in the dark days of reconstruction. He was a Metho dist for many years, but on removing to An niston, he joined the Presbyterian Church, and a Mason. Married: (1) June 20, 1860, at Ben ton, Jodie M. Goff, by whom he had five chil dren, none of whom survive; (2) October 28, 1877, also at Benton, Annie Cole Dulany; and (3) September 24, 1900, in Montgomery, Alice Hereford, but no issue. Children : by second wife, 1. Viola, m. A. J. Goodwin, of Anniston; 2. John G., jr., of Birmingham; 3. Annie, m. H. P. Bellenger, Gadsden. Last residence: An niston. FARMER, ROBERT, British commandant of Mobile, was born in England in 1718, and died in Mobile in 1778. On October 20th, 1763, he "took possession of Mobile in the name of his Britannic majesty," (Gayarre). From 1765 until 1767 he is said to have also served as commandant of the Illinois district. On May 16, 1765, M. Aubry wrote from New Orleans to the French government: "the correspondence which I am obliged to have with the English and particularly the gov ernor of Mobile, gives me serious occupation. This governor is an extraordinary man, as he knows that I speak English, he occasionally writes to me in verse. He speaks to me of • Francis I and Charles V. He compares Pon- tiac, an Indian chief, with Mithridates. He says he goes to bed with Montesquieu. When there occur some petty difficulties between the inhabitants of New Orleans and Mobile he quotes to me from Magna Charta, and the laws of Great Britain. It is said the English uni versity sent him to Mobile to get rid of him because he was one of the hottest in the op position. He pays me handsome compliments, which I duly return him; and upon the whole he is a man of parts, but a dangerous neighbor, against whom it is well to be on one's guard." Hamilton, "Mobile under five Flags" says, "He superintended everything for the British in these parts, buying lands for public purposes, making contracts and paying troops. Farmer's Island north of the city was owned by him and he was the first resident on the Tensaw Bluff, now called Stockton. In Mobile he lived at the northeast corner of St. Emanuel and Government streets, adjacent to the lands used under the French and also under the British for a royal bakery and other public purposes." Maj. Farmer was not wanting in courage, and he often dared to run counter to the opin ions of those superior in rank. This resulted in a court martial, which became a cause- celebres, lasting from September 1766 to August 1768. The charges were voluminous and the records fill volumes. The result was the ac quittal of Maj. Farmer, greatly to the joy of the people in the British possessions on the Gulf. The major apparently retired during the trial, but in 1769 he was recommended as gov ernor of West Florida. On August 5, 1778 the celebrated naturalist, William Bartram, visited Maj. Farmer at his home on Tensaw Bluff, and there he inspected his extensive plantations, cultivated by French tenants. The Major was elected as one of the representatives from Mo bile and Charlotte County to the West Florida legislature, 1772, but the Mobile members never took their seats. In 1777 he was again chosen, but he died in 1778, the record reciting that another was "elected in the room of Robert Farmer, deceased." On the capture of Mobile by Don Galvez, the Spanish governor, many houses were burned, including "the late home of Major Farmer, with valuable papers." (Ham ilton). He was buried in Mobile, but his last resting place is unknown. "His family con sisted of his wife Mary and five children, of whom Elizabeth Mary will meet us later. Through her marriage with Louis Alexandre de Vauxbercy, the Farmer blood has survived until the present day." She had a daughter who be came the wife of Curtis Lewis, an early Amer ican settler. FARNHAM, GEORGE ROBERT, lawyer, was born January 23, 1845, at Belleville, Conecuh County, and died February 13, 1911, at Ever green; son of John Hilton and Nancy (Crosby) Farnham (q. v.). He received his early educa tion at Belleville academy. When only sixteen, he enlisted as a private in Company D, 5th Ala bama infantry regiment, but his health failed and he was discharged. He resumed his studies in the academy, and in the fall of 1862, entered the University of Alabama, but did not graduate owing to war conditions. His course at the university was marked with dis tinction. He was appointed first a sergeant in the corps, then promoted to a second lieuten ancy, afterwards to the adjutancy, and when he left the university he was senior first lieu tenant. While at the university the corps of cadets did service, as soldiers, for three weeks 564 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY in Mobile, and again at Jacksonville. In 1864, while going home upon a tour of vacation, about fifty or sixty of the cadets reached Mont gomery, where they found the city in the midst of the most intense excitement, growing out of the threatening demonstrations of Gen eral Rousseau. Governor Watts ordered the cadets to remain in Montgomery and assist in its defense against Rousseau, who was then. at Chehaw. Arms having been furnished them, a soldier of the regular army was appointed to the command, and they were permitted to elect their other officers. Mr. Farnham was at once chosen 1st lieutenant, and the buoyant cadets leaped upon the train and started at once for Chehaw. They were accompanied by some regulars, who happened to have been in Montgomery at the time, and also by some raw reserves. But for the military training and thorough efficiency of the cadets, the en tire command would have been captured, and the city of Montgomery would have fallen. Subsequent to this, Mr. Farnham served as adjutant in the corps of cadets, near Spanish Fort. In the early part of 1865 he raised a cavalry company among the students at the university, which was designed to serve as a body-guard to General Buford, and the com pany left the university, to return to their homes to secure horses and equipments; but just at this juncture the State was overrun by the Federal troops, and before a thorough or ganization could be effected, the war closed. In 1866 he entered upon the study of the law in the office of Gen. Edmund W. Martin at Sparta; was admitted to the practice in Sep tember of that year; served for ten years from 1868 on the Democratic executive committee of Conecuh County; in 1870 defeated as solicitor for Conecuh County by the Republicans; served in the State senate, 1880-84, and was president. of the State Sunday school conven tion, 1880-81. He was a Baptist. Married: October 24, 1866, at Burnt Corn, Maria, daugh ter of Dr. William and Sarah (Fox) Cunning ham of that place, the former an emigrant to Alabama in 1809, from Mecklenburg County, Va., and a planter and physician. No chil dren. Last residence: Evergreen. FARNHAM, JOHN HILTON, merchant and planter, was born January 21, 1820, at Exeter, Rockingham County, N. H., and died December 2, 1907, at Evergreen; son of John and Eliza (Hilton) Farnham of Newmarket, N. H.; grandson of David and Abigail Smith (Donald) Farnham and eighth in descent from Ralph, the founder of the family in America, who sailed from Southampton, England, April 6, 1635, in the brig "James." After a voyage of fifty-eight days he landed in Boston, Mass., June 3, 1635, aged thirty-two years, and wife, Alice, aged twenty-eight. John H. came south in 1840, located in Belleville, ten miles west of Evergreen, in 1844; was a planter until the close of the war, after which he merchandised, although holding his agricultural interests. During the War of Secession he was collector of "tax in kind," for the Confederate govern ment and was held in great respect and esteem. He was a Democrat, a Methodist, and a Ma son. Married: January 24, 1844, near Belle ville, Nancy, daughter of Chesley and Sarah (Hughes) Crosby of that place. Children: 1. George Robert, m. Maria Cunningham (q. v.); 2. John Hilton, d. young; 3. Chesley Crosby, d. unmarried; 4. Frank Albert, d. young; 5. Augustus Battles, m. Hermione Stoudenmeyer. Last residence: Evergreen. FARRAR, THOMAS W., grand master of the grand lodge, Masons, 1821, 1822, and 1824. FAULK, TIMOTHY SAULS, merchant, was born September 15, 1866, near Troy, Pike County; son of Joseph Travis and Mary Fran ces (Lee) Faulk, of Troy, the former, born in Tennessee, was taken to Pike County when an infant, and became a successful pioneer farmer in that county; grandson of Philip Lemuel and Sarah (Souls) Faulk, and of Benjamin and Sarah (Goodman) Lee, all of Pike County. The Faulk family is of Ger man descent, having come to America in the seventeenth century; and the Lees are of Eng lish stock. Mr. Faulk was educated in the common schools of Pike County. He farmed until 1898, when he entered the mercantile business in Troy. He moved to Samson in 1904, and continued in the same occupation. He served two terms as councilman in the lat ter town, which he aided in incorporating; was a member of the board of education of Sam son; was elected to the State senate from the twenty-third district, 1915; and was re-elected to the legislature in 1919. He is a Democrat and a Primitive Baptist. Married: (1) Decem ber 27, 1887, in Pike County, to Mary Frances Roling, daughter of John R. and Frances Jane (Hendron) Roling, who live near Orion; (2) December 27, 1894, to Ada E. Roling. Children: 1. Joseph Erastus, m. Jessie Lee Johnson; 2. John Pratt, m. Tessie May Campbell; 3. Clem Cleveland; 4. Archie Lee; 5. Queen Esther; 6. Roling R.; 7. Timothy Houston; 8. Edna Warre. Residence: Samson. FAULKNER, THOMAS L., lieutenant colo nel, 8th, Livingston's Alabama cavalry regi ment, C. S. Army. FEAGIN, ISAAC BALL, public official, was born July 17, 1833, in Jones County, Ga., and died May 2, 1900; son of Samuel and Mary (Ball) Feagin; grandson of Isaac Ball, of Warren County, Ga. He received a brief edu cation in the old field schools of Barbour County, and on his father's death in 1847, as sumed the responsibilities of the head of the family, being at the time but fourteen years old. In 1854, he was elected chief deputy sheriff of Barbour County, and after serving his term of office, entered the mercantile bus iness at Midway. At the outbreak of the war, he was one of the organizers of the Midway Guards, and was elected first lieutenant. On July 3, 1861, the regiment was mustered into service in the C. S. Army, at Fort Mitchell, and Lieut. Feagin was elected captain of Co. B. The regiment was ordered to Virginia as a part of Gen. Trimble's brigade of Stonewall Jackson's corps. Near the close of 1862, Capt. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 565 Feagin was promoted to lieutenant colonel, and at the battle of Sharpsburg, was wounded by the bursting of a shell. He rejoined his regi ment in January, 1863; commanded it at the battle of Suffolk and in the campaign of Penn sylvania; was severely wounded, losing his right leg, at the battle of Gettysburg, and was captured. He was confined to a Federal prison for eleven months before his exchange, and was then invalided home on a leave of ab sence. Col. Feagin was elected sheriff of Bar bour County in 1866; and in 1876, having be come a resident of Bullock County, was elected sheriff of that county for a term of four years. In 1880, he was elected probate judge of Bar bour County. He was a Democrat, a Baptist, a Royal Arch Mason, and a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Married: December 17, 1862, while home on furlough, recuperating from the wound re ceived at Sharpsburg, Sallie Hall, daughter of Joel and Elvira (McKinney) Hall, the former a planter and slave owner of Warren County, Ga., and county judge of that county; grand daughter of Samuel Hall, whose father, a na tive of Ireland, came to Georgia with Gen. Oglethorpe, and of Moses and Harriet (Burk- halter) McKinney, who lived near Warren, Ga. Children: 1, Minnie Lee, deceased, a graduate of Wesleyan College, Macon, Ga., m. March 12, 1884, Sterling Price Rainer, a merchant at Union Springs, children, Sterling Price, jr., James Walton, Minnie Lee, Isaac Feagin, and Joel Herron; 2. Harriet Zenobia, a graduate of Judson institute, m. February 26, 1896, Ernest Lee Blue, a lawyer at Union Springs, children, Sarah, Ernest Lee, jr., Isaac Feagin, and Harriet; 3. Jefferson Davis, A. B. Uni versity of Alabama, 1891, superintendent of the Kirby Lumber Company, Silsbee, Tex.; 4. Joel Daniel, member of the firm of Feagin Brothers, merchants, Union Springs, m. Mabel Lightner, children, Loel Lightner and Ruth; 5. Lucy Harris, a graduate of Hollins Insti tute, Virginia; 6. Arthur Henry, who graduated with highest honors from the Alabama Poly technic institute, C. E., 1898, is civil engineer for all the mines of the Tutwiler Mining Com pany, Birmingham; 7. Clarence, E. E., Ala bama Polytechnic institute, 1900, employed by the government at Beaumont, Tex.; 8. Isaac Ball, member of the firm of Feagin Brothers, Union Springs, m. January 6, 1904, Maggie Lou Hanson of Union Springs. Last residence: Union Springs. FEAGIN, JAMES MADISON, farmer, was born in 1814, in Jones County, Ga.; son of Samuel and Nancy (Wadsworth) Feagin, the former a native of Feaginsville, now Carthage, N. C, a village named in honor of his family, the latter a native of Warren County, Ga.; grandson of Richard Feagin, who was born in North Carolina, of Irish parentage, and of James Wadsworth, of English descent, a planter in Jones County, Ga. Maj. Feagin's father moved from North Carolina to Georgia when a young man, married his first wife who died in 1827, in 1813, was sheriff of Jones County during the War of 1812 and for sev eral years afterward, served as county com missioner and as justice of the peace for sev eral years, moved to Alabama in 1836, settling in the woods of Bullock County in what is now Midway township, influenced the establish ment of a postoffice at Midway, was appointed postmaster, and filled that position, carrying on the office in his own store, until his death in 1848. Maj. Feagin was reared on a farm, and attended' the common school of the district until the death of his mother in 1827. In 1836, he moved to Alabama with his family, in the midst of the Indian uprising in that territory. Maj. Feagin was made sergeant of a company organized for the protection of the settlers, and for a time stationed the company at his father's house. When hostilities began in earnest, Maj. Feagin was promoted to lieuten ant, and served as scout and pilot for various companies of the United States troops and vol unteers during the summer of 1836. He was made lieutenant of the Cowikee spies the next year, and with that force served throughout the entire two years' subsequent Indian hos tilities. The title of major was conferred on him in 1838 by his election to command the Second battalion of the Forty-seventh regiment of Alabama militia. After peace was restored, he resumed his farming. Married: in 1840, Almira C. Cole, daughter of Noah B. Cole, who was born in South Car olina, moved to Covington County, where his daughter was born, and later settled in Louis iana, in Caddo Parish. Children: 1. Samuel J., a sergeant in the Fifteenth Alabama infantry, C. S. Army, who was killed at Cold Harbor; 2. Capt. Noah B. (q. v.) ; 3. Martha, m. Calvin W. Fenn, of Clayton; 4. Wealthy M„ m. Dr. W. U. Morton, of East Lake; 5. Mary, d. in in fancy; 6. Missouri Amazon, m. F. H. Tomp kins; 7. Almira C, m. A. G. Jordon; 8. James, jr.; 9. Beauregard, d. in infancy; 10. Lavinia I., m. Rev. James M. Kelly, of Jefferson, Ga.; 11. Nancy Dixie, m. Gus A. Orum, of Union Springs; 12. George Wadsworth, B. E., civil engineer in the expert department of the Gen eral Electric Company, Schenectady, N. Y., 1893- 1894, engineer at Montgomery, m. Nora Belle Baker, at Midway, April 15, 1896. Last resi dence: Midway. FEAGIN, NOAH BAXTER, lawyer, was born July 7, 1843, in Midway, Barbour County; son of Maj. James Madison and Almira (Cole) Feagin (q. v.) ; grandson of Samuel T. Feagin, a native of North Carolina who had nine great- uncles in the Revolutionary War, eight of whom fought in the Continental Army, and one in the British, and of Noah B. Cole, whose parents were French Huguenots, who first set tled in Charleston, S. C. Judge Feagin was at school at the Nashville Military institute, Tennessee, at the outbreak of the War of Se cession. He left school, and entered the C. S. Army, July, 1861, joining Co. B., Fifteenth Alabama infantry regiment, which arrived at Richmond, Va., just after the first battle of Manassas. He enlisted as a private, but had rapid promotions to the captaincy of his com pany; rendered conspicuous services in the army of northern Virginia; was called the "boy captain" of his regiment; was wounded 566 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY five times; served under Stonewall Jackson in the first Shenandoah Valley campaign, under Gen. Longstreet at Chickamauga, and under Gen. Lee in the Virginia campaigns; never lost a day's service from sickness, nor missed a bat tle in which his company was engaged except when wounded. After the war, he farmed for a year in Bullock County; then went to Wash ington college, Virginia, for three years, dur ing the presidency of Gen. Robert E. Lee, and was graduated from several of the depart ments, including law, B. L, 1870. For a, year he edited the "Union Springs Times," at Union Springs, and began to practice law, at that place, February, 1871. He was elected mayor of Union Springs, 1875; moved to Anniston, 1884; was elected mayor of Anniston, 1886, moved to Birmingham, October, 1886, was ap pointed judge of the inferior criminal court in Birmingham, April, 1885, was elected to the same position by the legislature three times; and under the recent act, was elected to the same by the city council as "recorder." Judge Feagin established in 1898, without legal enact ment, a juvenile court for the city of Birm ingham after the model instituted in Chicago by Judge Hurd, which movement ' resulted in the adoption of the juvenile court law by the legislature of Alabama in 1907. He intro duced the suspension sentence for first offend ers in 1908, after the French model; organized a club for white working and street newsboys which now numbers over two hundred seventy- five members. At Judge Feagin's suggestion, negro men and negro women are maintaining each a reformatory for wayward negro boys committed from the recorder's court. Upon the invitation of President Roosevelt, he at tended the Children's Conference at Washing ton, January, 1909, and made an argument be fore a committee of congress for the establish ment of a children's bureau by the national government 1909. Married: February 9, 1876, Annie Martin Phillips, of Montgomery, daughter of Cyrus Phillips. Children: 1. Jewett Whatley; 2. Alma; 3. Carolyn. Resi dence: Birmingham. FEAGIN, WILLIAM FRANCIS, educator and State warden general, was born December 26, 1869, at Midway; son of Daniel and Zilpha Z. (Danforth) Feagin; grandson of George and Mary (Ball) Feagin, and of William Danforth, the former came from Ball County, Ga., to Midway, then in Barbour, now in Bullock County. The Feagins are of Irish origin, lo cating first in North Carolina. The Danforth family is Scotch, and resided in Columbus, Ga. Mr. Feagin received his early education at Enon and Midway; entered the Alabama polytechnic institute, and graduated in 1892, with B. S. degree; tutor at that institution, 1892-93, in which year he received the M. E. degree. He was an assistant professor, Ala bama polytechnic institute, 1893-94; first as sistant to the president, 7th district agricul tural school, Albertville, 1894-97, and president of that institution, 1897 to January, 1903. He was a member and secretary of the State board of teachers' examiners, January, 1903, to Janu ary, 1907. On the latter date he became chief clerk in the department of education which position he held until November 20, 1913, when he was appointed to fill the unexpired term of H. J. Willingham as State superintend ent of education. On January 18, 1915, he entered upon his term of four years as super intendent to which he had been elected No vember 3, 1914. On October 1, 1918, he resigned to become superintendent of education of Mont gomery County. On July 1, 1920, he succeeded Hon. C. B. Rogers as State warden general. He has been prominent in the work of the National education association; the Southern education association, and the Alabama education asso- ication. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; Odd Fellow; Knight of Pythias; Elk; and is a member of the Phi Delta Theta college fra ternity. Married: February 10, 1897, at Jones boro, Ga., to Elizabeth Chappell, daughter of William B. and Lavinia (Bennett) Stuart. Children: 1. Frances. Residence: Montgomery. FEARN, JOHN WILLIAMS WALKER, law yer and diplomat, was born January 13, 1832, in Huntsville, and died April 8, 1899, at Hot Springs, Va.; son of Richard Lee and Mary Jane (Walker) Fearn, the former a physician of Mobile; grandson of John Williams and Matilda (Pope) Walker (q. v.). He was grad uated from Yale university, in 1851; took a de gree from the College de France, in France; studied law and was admitted to the Mobile bar in 1853 where he practiced for a short while. Soon afterwards, in 1854, he was ap pointed charge d'affaires to Belgium, remain ing at this post for several years; spent several years in the same capacity in Spain, later being sent to Mexico as secretary of the United States legation where he remained until 1860. He was entrusted as secretary of the first Confederate commission with several very important diplo matic missions to Europe, in behalf of the Con federate government, during the War of Seces sion, and attained the rank of lieutenant col onel while serving on the staff of General Pres ton. He practiced law in New Orleans, La., until 1885, when he was appointed minister to Greece, Roumania, and Servia, remaining at this post for five years. He was then appointed one of the judges of the court of first instance, in ternational court, at Cairo, Egypt. Married: in 1865, to Frances Hewitt. Children: 1. Mary Walker, m. S. Barton French, New York City; 2. Percy Le Roy, mining engineer, graduate School of Mines, Columbia university, m. Eva Onderdonck, of New Jersey, resides in Costa Rica, Central America; 3. Hewitt, deceased; 4. Clarice, deceased. Last residence: Cairo, Egypt. FEARN, RICHARD LEE, newspaper corre spondent, was born August 31, 1862, in Mobile, son of Richard Lee and Sarah Elizabeth (Spear) Fearn. He was educated at the University of South, Sewanee, Tenn., University of Ala bama, and received the M. E. degree from Ste ven's institute for technology, 1884. He served on the staff of the "Brooklyn Eagle," 1886-91; secretary foreign affairs, Chicago exposition, 1891-93; Washington correspondent, 1893-97 and London correspondent 1896, United press; DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 567 on the staff since 1896 and chief of the Wash ington bureau, 1902-09 of the "New York Tribune." Married: April 21, 1887, to Mary Eleanora Egerton, of Baltimore, Md. Resi dence: Mobile. FEARN, ROBERT, jr., lawyer, was born February 20, 1830, at Memphis, Tenn., and died March 12, 1873, at Huntsville; son of Robert and Maria (Henderson) Fearn, sr., the former a native of Danville, Va., who was a commission merchant in New Orleans, and afterwards in Memphis, Tenn., where he owned a large part of the original site of the city, finally locating in Huntsville, where he died September 7, 1856; grandson of Thomas and Mary (Burton) Fearn, of Pittsylvania County, Va., the former a lineal descendant of the first Richard Lee, who came to America and settled in Virginia, and of William and Locky (Trigg) Henderson; great-grandson of John and Leeanna (Lee) Fearn, and of Dr. Robert and Judith (LaForce) Burton:; great-great- grandson of Ren6 LaForce, a French Hugue not. The Fearns were originally from Scot land, records from the family Bible designating the place as "Fearn Castle." Col. Fearn re ceived his early schooling at the old Green academy at Huntsville under Dr. Davidson; was prepared for college by a private tutor; entered Harvard university, where he was a close friend of Edward Everett .and of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and was graduated from the institution, A. B. and A. M., 1855. He studied law under Gen. LeRoy Pope Walker at Huntsville; was admitted to the bar, and prac ticed law until the outbreak of the War of Secession, when he was appointed colonel on Gen. D. M. Bradford's staff, Alabama militia; was prevented from active duty by a break down in his health; was arrested by the Fed erals for his outspoken Southern sentiments during the war, and not allowed to leave his home; resumed the practice of law until his death in 1873. He was a Democrat. Married: July 24, 1858, at Huntsville, Elizabeth Lee Coles, daughter of Dr. Robert Thompson and Elizabeth Fearn (Patton) Coles, who lived at Pittsylvania Court House, Va., until they moved to Huntsville in 1846; granddaughter of Col. Isaac and Katherine (Thompson) Coles, the former of Halifax and Pittsylvania Counties, Va., who was a member of the house of bur gesses in 1774, a member of the convention at Richmond, Va., in 1788, to ratify the consti tution of the United States, and a member of the first congress of the United States, the latter a sister of Mrs. Elbridge Gerry; great- granddaughter of James and Katherine (Wal ton) Thompson, of New York City. Children: 1. Maria Henderson, d. at the age of four; 2. Kate Coles, d. at the age of eighteen; 3. Eliza beth Lee, m. John A. Lusk, Guntersville; 4. Mary Burton, m. Malcolm R. Murray, Hunts ville; 5. Robert, d. in infancy; 6. Thomas, d. at age of twelve; 7. Robert Coles, d. at age of ten; 8. Pauline Henderson, deceased, m. Bruce Armstrong, Knoxville, Tenn. Last residence: Huntsville. FEARN, THOMAS, physician, was born No vember 15, 1789, near Danville, Va., and died January 16, 1863, at Huntsville; son of Thomas and Mary (Burton) Fearn, the former a native of Buckingham County, Va.; grandson of John and Leeanna (Lee) Fearn, who lived at Gloucester County, Va., and of Dr. Robert and Judith (LaForce) Burton, who lived at Mid dlesex County, Va.; great-grandson of Thomas Fearn, of Thomas Lee, and of Dr. Ren§ LaForce, a wealthy Huguenot, who settled in North Carolina and Virginia; great-great- grandson of John and Mary (Lee) Fearn, who were married in Lancaster County, Va., In 1688, and of Charles Lee, of Cobbs Hall; great-great-great-grandson of Richard Lee, the emigrant, of Westmoreland County, Va., sec retary of the colony of Virginia, first attorney general of Virginia, and the ancestor of Henry Lee, Light-Horse Harry Lee, and of Robert E. Lee. Dr. Fearn obtained his early schooling at Danville, Va.; entered Washington college, Lexington, Va., 1806; was graduated from the Old Medical college at Philadelphia, 1810; set tled in Huntsville that same year and began to practice medicine; went to Europe in 1818 and studied surgery in many of the hospitals in London and Paris; studied at the Royal college of surgeons, London, and at St. Thomas'; remained in Europe three years, returning to Huntsville in 1820; continued his practice from that year until 1837; was of fered the chair of surgery at Transylvania university, Lexington, Ky.; at Center college, Kentucky; at the School of medicine, Louis ville, Ky., 1831; and at the University of Cin cinnati, all of which he refused; was a mem ber of the board of state medical examiners from 1823, until he resigned in 1829; served in the State legislature as a representative from Madison County, 1822-1829; was a trus tee of the University of Alabama until 1829; a trustee of Green academy, Huntsville, from its foundation until its close; was a director of the Planter & Merchants Bank, Huntsville, 1822-1826; owner of the water supply at Hunts ville until he sold it to the city, and built a canal from the Tennessee River to Huntsville for the operation of steamboats, which was abandoned when a turnpike was made along the same course, 1830-1835. Degrees were con ferred upon Dr. Fearn by Rutgers college, April, 1827, and by Transylvania university, March, 1827. He had served in the British and Creek Wars of 1812-1814, first as surgeon of a bat talion, then as surgeon of a regiment of Ten nessee and Alabama troops. During this pe riod he dressed the wounds of Gen. Andrew Jackson; and later was appointed by Gen. Jackson "surgeon's mate," in charge of a hos pital at Huntsville, and of "all the sick and wounded of the army." He was a presidential elector, and was a member of the first Con federate congress. Dr. Fearn's articles on medi cine were extensively copied in medical jour nals of this country and of foreign countries. He is said to have been the first on this con tinent or in Europe to discern the true nature of quinine, and to use it accordingly, making his own quinine from the bark. 568 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Married: February 26, 1822, near Hunts ville, Sallie Bledsoe Shelby, born 1806, died May 2, 1842; daughter of David and Sarah (Bledsoe) Shelby, who lived at Gallatin, Tenn., in a stone house still standing, the former a native of Virginia, who fought with his cousin Isaac Shelby at the battle of Kings Mountain, and after the Revolution, moved to Tennessee with Col. Anthony Bledsoe and his family; granddaughter of Maj. John Shelby, a native of Maryland, who emigrated to Holstan County, Va., was commissioned major by Gov. Caswell, of North Carolina, and served in the battle of Kings Mountain, and of Col. Anthony Bled soe, a native of Orange County, Va., a sur veyor who was commissioned to run the line between Virginia and North Carolina, was captain of colonial troops, resigned a major's commission to become a member of the Vir ginia legislature, moved to Tennessee and was elected colonel of Davidson County militia in 1783, was killed by Indians in 1788, and has a county in Tennessee named in his honor. Children: 1. Mary Eleanor, m. Gustavus L. Masters, Huntsville, both deceased; 2. Sarah Leeanna, m. Hon. William S. Barry, Columbus, Miss., both deceased; 3. Katherine Erskine, m. Matthew W. Steele, Huntsville, both deceased, child, Maj. Mathew Forney Steele, graduated from West Point in 1882, served as major of volunteers on staff of Gen. Joseph Wheeler, Spanish-American War, was three times sent to the Philippines, taught in the School of Art of War at Fort Leavenworth, Kas., had his lectures ordered published by the U. S. War Department under the caption "Ameri can Campaigns"; 4. Ada, m. (1) Dr. George Steele, Huntsville, deceased, (2) Judge Hook, Chattanooga, Tenn., both deceased; 5. Maria Eliza, m. Hon. William Willis Garth, Hunts ville, who is deceased; 6. Berenice Shelby; 7. Lucie Lee, resides in Florida, m. George Miller, Georgia. Last residence: Huntsville. FELDER, ADAM CHRISTOPHER, lawyer and chancellor, was born September 3, 1819, at Orangeburg Township, Orangeburg District, S. C, and died August 25, 1880, at Montgom ery; son of Adam and Harriet (Felder) Felder, natives of Orangeburg, who removed to Mont gomery County in 1825, the home place now owned by their great-great-grandchildren; grandson of John Henry and Mary Elizabeth (Snell) Felder, the former was justice of the peace and justice of the quorum for Orange burg District, in 1775, and in the same year was elected to the second provisional congress from St. Matthews Parish, and was a mem ber of that body when on March 26, 1776, it adopted a constitution and formed an inde pendent government for the State; was em ployed by that congress to manufacture gun powder for the Revolutionary government; was a member of the grand jury of Orangeburg District in 1776, that addressed Chief Justice Drayton in favor of the Revolution; was man ager of election and member of the grand jury again in 1778, and had his house plundered and burned by the Tories the same year; was cap tain of militia, and rendered good service dur ing the Revolution, and was killed in a fight with Tories about the close of the war; and of Henry and Margaret (Stoudemire) Felder, all of Orangeburg, and the great-grandson of Hans Heinrich and Ursula Felder, natives of Zurich, Switzerland, who emigrated to South Carolina in 1735. Chancellor Felder was graduated at the South Carolina college; read law under Na than Harris in Montgomery; was admitted to the bar in 1845; in 1848 was appointed county court judge to succeed Judge Thomas S. Mays, and held that office two years; in 1868 was chosen as chancellor and served six years. He joined Capt. Rush Elmore's company for the Mexican War, serving three months. He entered the C. S. Army as a private in Capt. J. J. Cox's company, but subsequently became captain of a company in the 53rd Alabama infantry regi ment. In 1855 he was elected to the State senate from the district composed of Mont gomery and Autauga Counties; re-elected in 1857; and again in 1865. Married: September 20, 1851, at Perry, Houston County, Ga., to Anna Davis, daughter of Dr. John Lawson and Susan (McDonald) Felder, of Sumter, S. C. Children: 1. Susan Anna, educated at Dr. Cox's school for girls in Georgia, and at Miss La vinia Chilton's school in Montgomery, from which she graduated in 1876; m. May 8, 1878, in Montgomery, to Robert Hails, son of George Willoughby and Sarah (Bozier) Hails of that city; children: (1.) Emily Semple, m. Thomas J. Scott, of Montgomery, brother of Charles H. Scott (q. v.) ; (2.) Susan Felder, m. Joseph Anderson Cobb; (3.) Annie Bozier, m. George W. Hails, jr.; (4.) Mary Benson, m. Umphrey Bowling; (5.) Adam Felder; (6.) Catherine Louise; (7.) Roberta. Last residence: Mont gomery. FELDER, RICHARD, public official, was born May 10, 1845, at Montgomery, and died at Mobile; son of Richard and Jane P. (Dug- gan) Felder, natives of South Carolina, . the former, a farmer, and a captain of militia un der Gen. Jackson, in the Indian War; died in 1859; nephew of Adam C. Felder (q. v.). He was educated in private schools at Montgomery and Tuscaloosa, and in 1861, when he was six teen years old, enlisted as a private in the Montgomery True Blues, Third Alabama in fantry, C. S. Army. He served with that com pany throughout the war and participated in the battles of Malvern Hill, Newbern, and Plymouth. After the war he followed farming in Butler and Montgomery Counties for five years, then located in Mobile, where he en gaged in the storage and commission business. In 1881, he went to New Orleans to accept a position under the New Orleans stock exchange, and was influential in breaking a strike of the employees at that place. For two years he acted as bookkeeper for Capt. A. C. Danner, in New Orleans, and in 1883, returned to Mo bile. He was agent for the New York Loan & Trust Company until 1885, when he was ap pointed by Gen. William W. Allen, deputy for the southern district of Alabama. He held that position for four years, and during his last year in that office served as chief of police of Mobile. He retained the position of chief of police after his term as deputy had expired. He was a Democrat, a member of the Trinity LEE C. BRADLEY DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 571 Protestant Episcopal church of Mobile, of the Knights of Honor, the Odd Fellows, the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and was president and treasurer of St Martin's Guild. Married: (1) in 1871, Mary E. Monette, who died in 1876; (2) in 1881, Antoinette O. Belknap. Children: by first marriage, two sons, both deceased; by second marriage, one son and daughter, deceased, and one son and daughter living. Last residence: Mobile. FELL, RICHARD, Iron manufacturer and coal operator, was born August 26, 1844, at Wheeling, W. Va., and died February 12, 1914, in Birmingham; son of Richard and Harriet (Standiford) Fell, the former a native of Baltimore, Md. The Fell family came from England with Lord Baltimore and settled Fell's Point, near the city of his name. From this place, where he was born, Richard Fell, sr., moved to Wheeling and thence to Nashville, Tenn., where he became a pioneer in the iron interests of the South. His work carried him over a wide territory, in cluding Shelby iron works, Brierfield and Montgomery. In 1872 he located at Helena and organized the Central iron works, success fully operated until 1889, when it became by reorganization the Shelby rolling mill company. In this year the senior Fell died. His son had been with him during his entire career. Rich ard Fell, jr., was educated at Jackson college, Tenn. He enlisted as a member of Selden's battery in 1861, but was detailed to Brierfield to superintend the erection of an iron works for the manufacture of munitions. He was a Democrat, Methodist, Mason, Odd Fellow and Knight of Pythias. Married: June 28, 1882, at Helena, Dora, daughter of Gov. Rufus W. and Margaret (McClung) Cobb (q. v.) Children: 1. Frances Cobb, m. Nephanus E. James, of Birmingham; 2. Margaret McClung, m. Mitchell Flanders Johnson, of Birmingham; 3. Charles Albert, of Atlanta, Ga.; 4. Rufus Cobb, m. Gretta Laverty, of Birmingham. Last resi dence: Birmingham. FELLOWS, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer, was born November 10, 1808, at Troy, N. Y., and died in Marengo County, July 16, 1880, while temporarily absent from his home in Selma; son of John Philip and Catherine (Mildollar) Fellows, who lived in Troy and New York City; grandson of Philip and Hannah (Mil-" dollar) Fellows of Rhinebeck. The American progenitors of the Fellows family were Hugue not immigrants from Holland in 1710, who settled in Dutchess County, N. Y. Mr. Fellows, the oldest of the nine children, received his early education at Troy and at Saratoga Springs. When a youth he learned the trade of silversmith, and upon arriving in Selma in 1832 he engaged in the jewelry business in partnership with his brother. Subsequently he read law and retired from business. After being admitted to the bar, he became active in public affairs and was one of three, John W. Lapsley, George W. Parsons, and himself who issued a call in 1833 for the first railroad meeting ever held in Selma. It met at the law office of Mr. Lapsley, the three named constitut- Vol. Ill— 37 ing the meeting and out of which has grown all the railroad development centered at Selma. He was a Whig in politics, and opposed to Secession, but after hostilities were begun he acquiesced cheerfully in the action of the State; was a member of the State militia; and for a short time was in charge of the Confederate prison at Cahaba. On April 2, 1865, when Selma was besieged by Wilson's raiders, he, with his pastor, Rev. A. W. Small, and many neighbors, went into the trenches, where all of them, not killed or wounded, were captured; and imprisoned in a stockade for several days. He was appointed by Gov. Lewis E. Parsons chancellor of the middle chancery division at the close of the war, and held that position until 1868. He then returned to the practice of the law, in partnership with Joseph R. and Samuel Will John, a connection that lasted until his death. He administered more trust estates than any man in Dallas County, and was commended by the supreme court for his fidelity and judicious management. After the war he associated himself with the Democratic party; and was a Presbyterian. Married: in 1850, to Mrs. Jane (Craig) Thomas, daughter of James and Katherine (Kilpatrick) Craig, the former a pioneer settler from Tennessee, who in 1818 located at Craig's Hill, near Craig's Ferry, on the Cahaba River, about eight mil.es from Selma. He served through the War of 1812 with Gen. Andrew Jackson. Children: 1. Alexina, m. Ford J. Hooper, 2. William Craig, a business man, m. Margaret Walker, daughter of Mims Walker, and had several children; 3. John James, d. unm. Last resi dence : Selma. FENNELL, CAIUS GRATTAN, editor and publisher, was born March 8, 1854, at Deposit Ferry, Marshall County; son of James Watkins and Matilda (Allison) Fennell, the former a native of Winchester, Va., and a practicing physician, who lived at Deposit Ferry for twenty years prior to his death in 1864, the latter a native of Londonderry, Ireland, who came with her father's family to America in 1822; grandson of James Clark and Elizabeth (Hobbs) Fennell, who were married in Vir ginia, and lived near Winchester until they moved to Madison County, the former a soldier in the Revolution who fought under Washing ton, and of William and Isabella (Moore) Allison, of Londonderry, Ireland; great-grand son of Isham Fennell, born in 1740, one of three sons of Jean Victor Jules Fennellfi, Count de Valois, of Lyons, France, the founder of the American family, who was exiled from France because of his religious faith. The name was changed to Fennell when the family became Americans. Mr. Fennell received his academic education at Etowah seminary at Gadsden, then attended a business college at Nashville, Tenn. He was bookkeeper for Col. Samuel Henry for several years, then engaged in farm ing in Marshall County. In 1887, he moved to Madison Station where he was elected secre tary and treasurer of the Wise Mercantile Com pany. He resigned from that position after several years, moved to New Decatur, and en gaged in the manufacture of hickory furniture. 572 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY In March, 1903, he became editor and publisher of the Guntersville Democrat, the former owner, E. O. Neely, having died the previous December. In 1909 he was elected president of the Alabama Press Association, served that term, but de clined re-election. He is a Democrat; a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South serving as steward in the church for many years; has occupied all the offices in the Knights of Pythias; and has held every office in the local camp of the Woodmen of the World. Married: June 26, 1876, near Marion, Perry County, Mattie Foster, daughter of Dr. Robert and Juliett (Moore) Foster, natives of South Carolina, who lived in Marion; niece of An drew Moore, governor of Alabama when the state seceded from the Union. Children: 1. Erin, b. February 19, 1878, m. November 25, 1909, Sam Henry III; 2. Robert Foster, b. December 16, 1881, in Marshall County, was graduated at Tulane university, 1909, is a prac ticing physician, m. June 24, 1916, Margaret Street; 3. Mary Caius, b. December 25, 1884, in Marshall County, m. December 27, 1915, Owen G. Hulsey. Residence: Guntersville. FENOLLOSA, MARY McNEIL, author, was born in Mobile; daughter of William Stod dard and Laura (Sibley) McNeil, the former an architectural draughtsman, poet and botan ist. She received her education in her native city where she graduated from Irving academy. Her first published work was a small volume of poems: "Out of the West" which appeared in 1899. A volume of "Children's verses on Japanese subjects," followed. Her first novel "Truth Dexter," was published in 1906, under the pseudonym of "Sydney McCall," and achieved an instant and wide popularity. That same year she produced two other stories, "The dragon painter," and "The breath of the gods." In 1909 another novel, "Red horse hill," was published. Besides the foregoing, poems, short stories and sketches from her pen have ap peared in current magazines and the press. She has traveled in Europe and resided in Japan, the latter country making a deep impression on her literary tastes and feelings. Married: (1) Ludolph Chester, Mobile; (2) Ledyard Scott, Mobile; (3) Prof. Ernest F. Fenollosa, the emi nent authority on oriental art, and an author of distinction who was signally honored by the government of Japan following his death in 1905. Children: There were children by the first two marriages, but none by the third. Residence: Spring Hill. i FERGUS, W. C, major, 42nd Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army. FERGUSON, CHARLES WESLEY, lawyer, solicitor tenth judicial circuit, judge city court of Birmingham and member of constitutional convention, 1901, was born May 18, 1855, at Summerfield, Dallas County, and died in Bir mingham; son of Frederick Guthrie and Lu cinda (Hale) Ferguson (q. v.). His early edu cation was obtained In Tuskegee, Huntsville, Montgomery and Tuscaloosa. He attended the University of Alabama several months, but did not complete his course. However, he studied law at that institution and entered upon the practice, February, 1878, at Montgomery. He was solicitor for the tenth judicial circuit for three terms, beginning February, 1889, and end ing 1903. He was appointed judge of the city court of Birmingham, July 8, 1903 and elected for that same position, November, 1904, for a term of six years and successively re-elected until his death. He was a member of the con stitutional convention from Jefferson County, 1901. At one time he was a member of the "Montgomery True Blues." He was a Demo crat, and chairman of the Jefferson County committee. He was not a church member but belonged to a Methodist family; was a Mason, and Elk. Unmarried. Last residence: Bir mingham. FERGUSON, FREDERICK GUTHRIE, Meth odist minister and college president, was born April 4, 1809, in Spartanburg District, S. C, and died September 4, 1863, at Tuskegee; son of James and Rebecca (Guthrie) Ferguson, also of Spartanburg District, who removed to Lawrence County in 1810, and to Woodruff County, Ark. about 1836, a farmer, who died at the home of his son, F. G. Ferguson, in Macon, Miss.; grandson of Adam Ferguson, a native of Scotland, who emigrated to America about 1760, a Revolutionary soldier who was wounded at Fishing Creek, S. C, and of Frederick Guth rie of South Carolina. Col. Patrick Ferguson who commanded the British forces at the battle of King's Mountain, N. C, was a member of the Scotch branch of the family. Rev. Mr. Ferguson was self educated and entered the Methodist ministry, Holston conference, Tenn., in the early thirties of the 19th century. He was a missionary to the Cherokee Indians in what is now called Wills valley; presiding elder of the Marianna district, Fla., compris ing all of southeast Alabama, at the time of his death; one of the incorporators of Athens female college; president of the Female college of Summerfield, 1852-56; and served pastorates at Huntsville, Athens, Tuscaloosa, Summer- field and Tuskegee, and at Pulaski and Colum bia, Tenn., and Macon, Miss. He was col onel of militia in Macon County, and a stanch advocate of Secession. He was a Democrat, and a Mason. Married: Lucinda, daughter of William and Katherine (Stone) Hale, who lived at Huntsville; granddaughter of John and Margaretta (Leibold) Stone, the former a captain in the 6th line, Pennsylvania troops during the Revolution and later a com panion in arms with John Sevier who was a kinsman, and of John and Nancy (Meade) Hall of Bedford County, Va., the former being with Andrew Jackson during the War of 1812, and co-founder with Hunt of Huntsville. Children: 1. William Joseph; 2. James Shaw Arminins, m. Mary Raglan of Kushla and Mobile; 3. Fred erick Summerfield (q. v.); 4. Rebecca Kath arine, m. Nicholas Lewis Redd, Columbus, Ga.; 5. Mary Collier; 6. John Hale; 7. Anne Maclin; 8. John Randolph; 9. Charles Wesley (q. v.); 10. Virginia Frye, m. Lorenzo Woodruff, Mont gomery; 11. Frances Edmund. Last residence: Tuskegee. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 573 FERGUSON, FREDERICK SUMMERFIELD, lawyer, was born May 2, 1841, at Huntsville, Madison County, son of Frederick Guthrie and Lucinda (Hale) Ferguson, (q. v.). He received his elementary education at Summerfield, and was graduated from the Florence Wesleyan university, July, 1859, with the degree of A. B.; studied law while in college under Gen. E. A. O'Neal and after the war with Hon. David Clopton, at Tuskegee. He was admitted to the bar in the circuit court at Tuskegee, Septem ber, 1865, and soon afterward entered Mr. Clop ton's office as a member of the firm. Later he removed to Montgomery, and formed a part nership with D. F. Blakey. He was a member of the legislature from Macon county, 1866-67; solicitor second circuit, 1876-86; member of the legislature from Jefferson County, 1892-93; and was chairman of the Judiciary committee. He organized a military company at Tallassee in 1859 and was in the expedition to Pensa cola in 1861; was second lieutenant artillery, C. S. Army, 1861; and first lieutenant, 1862, and for gallantry in the field was promoted captain in 1864. He was captured at Ft. Mor gan, 1864, and held at Ft. Lafayette, N. Y., until January 12, 1865. He served as a staff officer during the war with Gens. Page, Higgins, Mau ry and Gardner. He was major-general Ala bama division, U. C. V., 1893-99, and appointed a member of the State board of pension exam iners by Gov/Emmet O'Neal. In the last po sition he served until the summer of 1915, shortly before his death. He was a Democrat; a Methodist, a Mason, and a member of the Ku Klux Klan, without which organization he believed that the years following the war and the emancipation of millions of slaves, who were guided by partisan hatred from the out side, would have brought to Southern civiliza- ton a fate too awful to contemplate. He left his unpublished memoirs; and among his writ ings was a legal criticism of the trial of Mrs. Surratt and others, also unpublished. Mar- ( ried: October 18, 1871, at Franklin, Tenn., to Laura, daughter of Rev. William and Mary Elizabeth (Hill) Burr of Williamson County, Tenn. She is descended from an uncle of Aaron Burr, who settled in Virginia before the Revolution and whose children migrated to Kentucky. Her father was born in Logan County, Ky., in 1820, and was a distinguished member of the Tennessee Methodist conference until his death in 1887. Her mother was de scended from Hon. Green Hill of North Caro lina, member of the Mecklenburg convention and treasurer of that state for many years, also a major in the Continental Army. Children: 1. Burr, m. Anne Lewis, Nashville, Tenn., and now lives in Birmingham; 2. Hill, m. Louise Walker, daughter of Hon. William Walker, Birmingham; 3. Laura, m. Rev. Arthur R. Gray, New York; 4. Fredrika, m. Pelham An derson, Birmingham. Last residence: Birming ham. FERGUSON, HARVEY BUTLER, lawyer and member of congress from New Mexico, was born September 9, 1848, on his father's farm on the Sipsey River, Pickens County, and died June 10, 1915; son of Dr. Sampson Noland and Mary de Liesseline (Poyas) Fer guson, natives of South Carolina who settled at Pickensville, where he farmed and practiced medicine, was captain of the "Pickensville Blues," the first military company that left the county to Join the Confederate Army, and Joined the Fifth Alabama infantry regiment, going immediately to Virginia where it par ticipated in the first battle at Manassas, and served throughout the war; grandson of James and Elizabeth (Noland) Ferguson, the former the brother of the British Gen. Ferguson who was killed at the battle of King's Mountain, N. C, in the Revolutionary War, and of Fran cis de Liesseline and Martha S. Poyas, the former a Methodist minister, the product of a marriage of two French Huguenot families named respectively, de Liesseline and Poyas, all of South Carolina who later lived in Pick ens County. The Poyas family were merchants for the most part. The de Liesseline branch was descended from Marquis de Liesseline, whose sister, Marie, was subjected to torture in France before the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Mr. Ferguson received his edu cation in private schools in Pickensville, in a boarding school near Macon County, Miss.; in a boarding school in Carrollton; and gradu ated from the Washington and Lee university, Lexington, Va., with the highest honors and the M. A. degree in 1873. In 1874 he gradu ated at the same institution in law under John Randolph Tucker. For two years he taught in the Shenandoah Valley academy, Winchester, Va. In 1876 he entered upon the practice of law at Wheeling, W. Va., and in 1882 removed to Albuquerque, N. M. He was district attorney for the 2nd judicial district, Territory of New Mexico, 1885-87, appointed by. Gov. Ross; was special U. S. attorney, under appointment of attorney Gen. Olney, 1894-5, to prosecute two national bank presi dents, who were convicted; member for New Mexico of the Democratic national committee, 1896-1908; delegate in congress from New Mexico, 55th congress, 1896-98; member of the first constitutional convention the State of New Mexico, 1910; elected to congress in 1911, on admission of New Mexico as a State, in the 62nd congress and re-elected to the 63rd con gress. He was an Elk. Married: April 14, 1887, at Albuquerque, N. M., to Clara Maria, daughter of Franz and Ernestine Huning, of that place, but both natives of Germany. Children: 1. Erna Mary; 2. Harvey Butler; 3. Lena Huning; 4. Francis De Liesseline. Last residence: Albuquerque, N. M. FERGUSON, HILL, real estate and insur ance, was born January 6, 1877, in Montgom ery; son of Frederick Summerfield and Laura (Burr) Ferguson (q. v.). He received his early education from Miss Gussie Woodruff in .Mont gomery, in the public schools of Birmingham and in the South' Highland academy under Profs. Edwin H. Foster and Joel C. DuBose. He attended the University of Alabama, 1893-96, and graduated the latter year with the A. B. degree. He was, while a student at the University, president of the athletic associa tion; business manager of the "Corolla"; mem- 574 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ber of the fool ball team; and participant in other college activities. In 1897 he graduated in law at the University of Alabama, and in 1915 was elected to membership in the Phi Beta Kappa at that institution. He was a reporter on the Birmingham "Age-Herald," 1897-99, and from the latter date to 1906, he was connected with Gen. Louis V. Clark in the insurance busi ness. During 1906-13 he was engaged in the real estate business and on the latter date be came vice-president of the Jemison real estate g,nd insurance company. He was president of the society of the alumni of the University, of Alabama, 1904-17, and was among that small group who originated the "Greater University" movement which culminated in the $500,000 ap propriation by the legislature of 1907, and $3,000,000 in 1911. He was active in the life of the Birmingham athletic club from 1899-1910, arid later was the first president of the reorgan ized Birmingham real estate exchange, 1914-15; secretary of the National association of real estate boards, 1913; originator of the Altamont Road development in Birmingham and as an associate with Robert Jemison, jr., was active after 1905 in the development of the Mountain Terrace Cliff Altamont road district of Bir mingham. He is a Democrat and member of the Sigma Nu college fraternity. Married: Decem ber 15, 1909, at Birmingham, to Louise Martin, daughter of William Augustus and Virginia Taylor (Mudd) Walker, jr., (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Louise; 2. Hill, jr. Residence: Bir mingham. FERGUSON,- HUGH, merchant and planter, was born December 9, 1800, in Chester Dis trict, S. C, and died May 30, 1868, in Selma; son of James and Elizabeth (Porter) Fergu son, natives of Scotland, who came to America early in the 17th century, along with the Scotch- Irish colony that settled in Chester District, the former removed to Shelby County, Tenn., where he lived for many years, having mar ried a second time. Hugh Ferguson received his education in his native state and earned by teaching, the money on which he came to Alabama in 1819. He found work as a clerk in a dry goods store upon arriving in Selma and by diligent attention to business rose to a partnership in the firm. He prospered as a merchant, acquired land and slaves and entered upon the life of a planter. On account of his sterling integrity, he was highly esteemed by those needing the services of a treasurer, and he was Secretary-treasurer for years of the Dallas academy. He was a Whig in politics; and a Presbyterian. Married: January 19, .1832, in Dallas County, to Caroline, daughter of Antony Morgan and Elizabeth (Harris) Minter of Milledgville, Ga.; granddaughter of Robert and Dorothy (Brooks) Rutherford, the former a member of the house of burgesses, Virginia, later a member of the First provi sional congress in Hillsboro, N. C. She was re lated to William Townsend Minter (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Ann Eliza, m. Dr. Russell McCord, of South Carolina; 2. Antony Minter; 3. Emily Florence, teacher in the Dallas academy for thirty-five years; 4. Joan Elizabeth, m. Pre late D. Barker, of New York; 5. Thomas Cen ter, m. Lucy M. Jones ; 6. John James ; 7. Joseph Pickens; 8. Gray Chandler, m. Mrs. M. Jame son; 9. daughter, m. Dr. R. M. Robertson, De mopolis. Last residence: Selma. FERGUSON, SAMUEL M., pioneer physician of Pickens County; father of Hon. H. B. Fer guson, representative in the congress from New Mexico. Deceased. Last residence: Pickens ville. FERREL, MICKELBERRY P., major, 14th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army.f FERREL, WILLIAM A., grand master, grand council of Alabama Masons, 1852; grand high priest, grand chapter of Alabama, 1854-55. FERRELL, CHILES CLIFTON, author, was born August 20, 1865, in Greenville, S. C; son of James Overton and- Elizabeth Ann (Austin) Ferrell. He was prepared in his father's pri. Vate school at Hopkinsville, Ky., from 1875 until 1880; entered Vanderbilt university, and was. graduated, A. B., 1885, and A. M., 1886;- served as a fellow and instructor in Greek at Vanderbilt. university, 1885-1889; became, a student at the University of Leipzig, 1889- 1892, -in which latter year he received the degree of Ph.D.; traveled in Great Britain, Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Italy; was a. student at Paris during the summer of 1894; and at the University of Berlin during the summer of 1902; served as professor of modern languages, 1893-1905, and of Germanio languages, 1905-1908, at the University of Mississippi; and engaged in literary work from 1908 until his death. He is author of "Teutonic Antiquities in the Anglo-Saxon Genesis," Halle, 1893; and edited, with intro duction and notes, "Sappho-Trauerspiel in fiirif Aufzugen von Franz Grillparzer," 1899. He was a contributor to "Modern Language Notes," the "Sewanee Review," and other publications. He was a member of the Authors' club, Lon don, and of Phi Beta Kappa, since the found ing of the Vanderbilt chapter in 1902. Mar ried: Tenney Marr Taliaferro, of Birmingham, August 16, 1899. Last residence: Birmingham. FIELD, LAMAR, lawyer and assistant at torney general of Alabama, was born December 16, 1878, at Edinburg, Leake County, Miss.; son of William Harrison and Mary Jane (Graves) Field, the former a native of Heard County, Ga., and later lived in Madison, Miss., member of Forrests' cavalry, C. S. Army; grandson of Richard T. and Martha E. (Spivey) Field, of Heard County, Ga., and of J. W. and Eliza (Allison) Graves, of Clark County, Ark. The Field family in America is of English ances try and traces its origin to Huberturs de la Feld afterward changed to Field, a member of the family of the Count de la Feld, who traces back to the Sixth century, and who went from Alsace, on the German border of France, to England with William the Conqueror in 1066. Mr. Field was educated in the public schools of his native state and spent one year at Mil- sapps college, Jackson, Miss., and three years at the University of Mississippi, at Oxford, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 575 graduating with the degree of B. A., 1903. He was sophomore, junior and senior speaker, winner of two state medals and the Gulf States medal for oratory. He read law in the office of Knox, Acker and Blackmon, at Anniston, and with Henry A. Jones of Tuscaloosa; ad mitted to the bar June 14, 1905, by examina tion in the circuit court of Tuscaloosa County and entered upon the practice at that point im mediately. In December, 1905, he entered the' service of the Louisville and Nashville rail road in the legal department; appointed as sistant attorney general of Alabama, October, i, 1919; commissioned captain through the department of the judge advocate general of the U. S. Army, October 18, 1918, and served in France for several months; discharged from the service September 3, 1919. He as a Demo crat; alternate delegate from the State-at-large to the Democratic national convention at St. Louis, 1916; secretary of Wilson-Marshall con vention, Birmingham, 1913. He is an Episco palian; Mason; Odd Fellow; Knight of Pyth ias. Author: Editor-in-chief "University Rec ord," exchange editor "Ole Miss," all of Uni versity of Mississippi, and an address before Alabama bar association, January, 1909. Mar ried: July 27, 1915, in Montgomery, to Nelle, daughter of William Lowndes and Ella (Hen derson) Brock of Montgomery, and niece of Governor Charles Henderson (q. v.). No chil dren. Residence: Montgomery. FIELDS, BARTHOLOMEW, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 79, resided in Dale County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. FIELDS, GEORGE, major, C. S. Army, was born in Greene County, and died in 1866, at Eutaw; son of Stephen G. Fields, who was born October 9, 1793, in Greene County, lived at Eutaw, died June 23, 1853, and is buried in Oak Hill Cemetery at Eutaw. Maj. Fields en listed in the C. S. Army, was made captain of Co. B, Eleventh regiment of Alabama volun teers, and was soon after promoted to major. Last residence: Eutaw. FIGH, JOHN POSTON, contractor, was born September 16, 1800, in Maryland, and died De cember 25, 1865, In Montgomery; son of Mr. Figh, who emigrated from Ireland and located in Maryland, where he married Miss Poston. His education was limited as he helped sup port his mother and sisters after he reached the age of twelve. He removed to Alabama and finally located in Montgomery; was the contractor for work done in the Capitol that was then in process of construction. He also built many other houses in Montgomery. He and his brother, George, were awarded the con tract to rebuild the University of Alabama after the War of Secession. He was commis sioned by the government to conduct the last of the Choctaw Indians out of the State; was opposed to secession at the beginning of the war but gave his entire support to the Con federacy. He was a Baptist; and a Mason. Married: December 23, 1829, to Jane, daughter of George and Rebecca Jane McCain. Children: 1. George McCain, m. Georgia Clarke; 2. Rufus, m. Susie McDowell; 3. Mary Elizabeth, d. young; 4. Rebecca Jane, d. young; 5. Martha Ann, m. David Hinkle; 6. John Poston, con tractor, student University of Alabama, 1859- 62, m. Maggie L. Hale; 7. Lewis Drewry, d. in infancy; 9. Juliette Eveline, d. young. Last residence: Montgomery. FIGURES, WILLIAM BIBB, publisher and editor, was born March 6, 1820, at Coffeeville, Clarke County, and died October 1, 1872, at Huntsville; son of Thomas and Elizabeth Walker (Coleman) Figures, who came to Ala bama in 1810 and settled in Coffeeville, where they lived for the rest of their lives, the former was a major in Gen. Coffee's command in the Indian War of 1816, the latter lived in Elbert County, Ga., and later in Maury County, Tenn., before her marriage; brother of Charles Coffee Figures, who was born in Fort St. Stephens where his mother had fled for protection from the Indians; grandson of John and Mary (Walker) Coleman, who moved from Virginia to Elbert County, Ga., then to Maury County, Tennessee, and finally to Alabama, the former was born March 6, 1765, and the latter, June 30, 1767. Mr. Figures received his education from an old log school in the country near Cof feeville; and when he was twelve years old, went to Huntsville to live with his uncle, John James Coleman, serving an apprenticeship in his uncle's newspaper office. .During his ap prenticeship, he read a course of law, and' when he was nineteen years old, bought the paper from his uncle, becoming sole proprietor and editor. The paper was issued under the name of the "Southern Advocate," before the War of Secession, and after the war was known as the Huntsville "Advocate." Mr. Figures re mained the editor until his death in 1872, with the exception of that period during the war when the Federal troops occupied Hunts ville, at which time the publication was sus pended. He was mayor of Huntsville before the war, and for two terms after the war; and served as State senator from Madison County during the Confederacy. He was a presiden tial elector on the Douglas ticket for Alabama, and was registrar in chancery at the time of his death. He was restrained from taking part in the War of Secession by ill-health, but gave his eldest son to the Confederate cause. He was an old school Whig, and after the war accepted the provisional government during the first term of President Grant, but turned against the reconstruction policy, supporting Horace Greeley for president in the next cam paign. He was a member and elder in the Presbyterian Church. Married: February 1, 1843, at Huntsville, Harriet Stokes Mitchell, daughter of William and Mattie (Powell) Mitchell, who lived at Shelbyville, Tenn. Children: 1. Henry Stokes, who served in the C. S. Army and was killed in the battle of the Wilderness; 2. Otey, m. (1) Helen Steele, (2) Minnie Steele, Tuscumbia; 3. Claude, m. Car rie Dill, Savannah, Ga.; 4. Mattie, m. James Sanders Allison, Huntsville; 5. Frank, Lexa, Ark.; 6. Norman Gayle, m. Addie Noble, New 576 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Orleans, La.; 7. Daisy, m. A. Ewing Echols, Huntsville; and five others who are deceased. Last residence: Huntsville. FILES, ADAM J., soldier of the American Revolution, aged 78, resided in Macon County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. i FILES, JEREMIAH, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 70, and a resident of Blount County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on September 26, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Blount County, June 1, 1840, aged 75. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. FINCH, JULIA (NEELY), author and writer. Residence: Birmingham. FINCH, NATHANIEL PATRICK TAL- MADGE, editor, was born June 10, 1839, at Hornellsville, Steuben County, N. Y.; son of Nathaniel and Semanthe Marvin (Patrick) Finch, the former a native of Greenwich, Conn., who lived at Hornellsville, N. Y., was a teacher, surveyor, and lawyer, and when the Erie Rail road was built became its claim agent and its attorney, and was appointed general land agent of the Erie Railroad, a position which he held at the time of his death; grandson of Rev. Nathaniel and Sarah Finch, who lived at Greenwich, Conn., the former a Baptist min ister, who preached in one church for forty years and was left almost alone during the Revolutionary War to care for the members of his congregation, and of John Patrick of Fishkill, Dutchess County, N. Y., who was an officer in the Revolution; cousin of Francis Miles Finch of Ithaca, N. Y., author of "The Blue and the Gray." He was educated in the public and private schools of Hornellsville, N. Y.; read law and was admitted to practice in the courts of New York. He did not prac tice law, but became assistant general land agent of the Erie Railroad, until he went South to take up newspaper work in Atlanta, Ga. He entered the War of Secession as sec ond lieutenant of Co. C, One hundred seventy- ninth New York Volunteers, U. S. Army; was promoted to first lieutenant and R. Q. M., and served in that capacity to the end of the war. His regiment was a part of the army of the Potomac, and was thrown into the crater at Petersburg, Va., where it suffered heavily. Mr. Finch was an editorial writer on the Atlanta "Constitution" for sixteen years, during which time his associates on the paper were Joel Chandler Harris, Samuel Small, and Henry W. Grady. He remained in Atlanta until 1886, when he went to Plainfield, N. J.; was en gaged in business until 1897; returned to the South and became an editorial writer for the Birmingham "Age-Herald." While he was em ployed in the land office at Hornellsville, N. Y., Mr. Finch led the movement to organize the Hornell Public Library, and to get money for that purpose lecture courses were organ ized. He conducted the correspondence and met the lecturers, among whom were Henry Ward Beecher, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Bayard Taylor, Horace Greeley and numerous other prominent men of the period. The funds were successfully secured, and the library estab lished. Mr. Finch was director and finally president of the Young Men's Library Associa tion of Atlanta, Ga. He is a progressive Dem ocrat, and a vestryman in the Episcopal Church. Married: December 4, 1874, at Susquehanna, Pa., Mary Isabelle Badger, daughter of Theo dore P. and Julia A. Badger, who lived at Hornellsville, N. Y. ; a descendant of the Averys of Connecticut, who were prominent in the early history of that state and in the revolu tion. Children: 1. Edward Badger, b. at At lanta, Ga., September 28, 1875, employed in the census bureau, Washington, D. C; 2. Ethel, b. at Hornellsville, N. Y., Birmingham; 3. Al bert Patrick, b. at Atlanta, Ga., resides at Birmingham; 4. Robert Hemphill, b. at At lanta, Ga., d. in 1889, at Nantucket, Mass.; 5. Arthur Talmadge, b. at New Milford, Pa., Bir mingham. Residence: Birmingham. FISHER, GEORGE, planter and sheriff, was born in Virginia or Rowan County, N. C, about 1735, and died in Rowan County, about 1797; son of Frederick and Ann (McBride) Fisher, the former moving from Shenandoah County, Va., about 1770, to Rowan County, N. C.; served in the Revolutionary War as a mili tia officer, was a private at the battle of King's Mountain, where he was wounded, and was the owner of a large tract of land and many slaves. George Fisher removed to the Missis sippi Territory, 1812, now a part of the State of Alabama, but left his family in Georgia un til the Indian troubles were over. The In dians and later the United States troops made use of most of his crops and stock, for which he filed claims with the government, but pay ment was not made until after the death of Col. Fisher. The Fisher home was about three miles south of Suggsville, first in Clarke, then in Monroe, and again in Clarke County. He was the first sheriff of Monroe County after its formation by proclamation of Gov. Holmes, June 29, 1815. He was a man of great promi nence and character. Married: (1) Catherine Sossaman; and (2) the widow Gordon. There were no children by the second marriage. Chil dren: 1. Anne Amelia m. Jack Ferrill Ross (q. v.) ; 2. Sarah Maria, m. Henry H. B. Hayes, and is buried at Old St. Stephens; 3. Mary, m. Robert G. Hayden, the owner of one of the first tanneries and shoe factories in Clarke County, and descendants are believed to live in Montgomery and Macon Counties; 4. Ro- sanna, m. James Gaines Lyon (q. v.). Last residence: Clarke County. FITE, ARTHUR FREEMAN, lawyer, was born February 29, 1880, in Franklin County; son of Bloomer Rankin and Jennie (Hogue) Fite, the former a native of Gainesville, Hall County, Ga., for many years a lawyer of Ham- RICHARD V. TAYLOR DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 579 ilton, Marion County, and was register in chancery of that county for fifteen years, the latter was from Collinsville; brother of Ernest Baxter Fite (q. v.). Mr. Fite was eduated in the West Alabama agricultural college, and read law under his father. He was admitted to the bar at Hamilton, where he practiced until 1902, when he removed to New Decatur. He was elected city attorney of New Decatur by the city council in 1903. He later removed to Hamilton. He is a Democrat; Methodist; and a member of the Odd Fellows. Residence: Hamilton. FITE, ERNEST BAXTER, lawyer and legis lator, was born February 21, 1882, at Belgreen, Franklin County ; son of Bloomer R. and Jennie (Hogue) Fite; and brother of Arthur F. Fite (q. v.). He is a practicing lawyer of Hamilton; was a member of the State senate in 1911, from the thirty-first senatorial district, and of the house of representatives from Marion County, 1915. He is a Democrat. Married: December 30, 1914, at Montgomery, to Minnie Watt, daughter of Capt. Hubbell and Mary C. (Myers) Pierce, of that place. Residence: Hamilton. FITE, FRED, lawyer and member Alabama legislature, was born May 2, 1891, at Hamilton, Marion County; son of Bloomer R. and JenDie (Hoge) Fite, and brother of Arthur F. Fite (q. v.). He was educated in the public schools of Alabama; at the West Alabama agricultural college; and at the University of Alabama, where he graduated, LL. B., 1912. He located in Tuscaloosa for the practice of his profes sion, but later removed to Birmingham. He enlisted in Battery C, Alabama national guard, and later became second lieutenant in Troop B, 1st Alabama cavalry, but resigned before the troops were ordered to Texas for border duty. He re-entered the service when war was declared against Germany and served in the air forces of the United States. After the war ended he returned to his law practice in Bir mingham. Mr. Fite was a member of the house of representatives of 1915, from Tuscaloosa County. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a Mason; a Knight ot Pythias; and a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon college fraternity. Married: in Birmingham, to Wilbur Leake. Residence: Birmingham. FITTS, ALSTON, physician, was bora in Tuscaloosa, March 10, 1867; son of James Har ris and Mary Elizabeth (Burges) Fitts (q. v.). Dr. Fitts graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1886, and LL. B., 1887. He had chosen teaching as his profession, therefore he spent one year at the University of Liepsic, Germany, receiving a certificate of proficiency in the German language in 1888. He was called home by the death of his sister, Mary, and entered the banking business as exchange clerk in the bank of J. H. Fitts & Co. He became dissatisfied with this profession and spent one year, 1891, studying medicine under Dr. James L. Williams, and in October, 1892, entered the medical department of Columbia college, New York; was house surgeon of the Woman's hos pital, New York, 1898-99, and is now practic ing medicine at Tuscaloosa. He served as a captain in the European War. Married: Octo ber 30, 1901, to Mary Shiras, of Ottawa, Kans. Residence: Tuscaloosa. FITTS, JAMES HARRIS, sr., planter, was born March 12, 1796, in Warren County, N. C, and died in Marengo County July 16, 1832; son of Judge Oliver and Sarah (Harris) Fitts (q. v.), and brother of John Harris (q. v.). He received his education in the common schools of Warren County, removed to Alabama, about 1816, and settled on Bassett's Creek, Washing ton County, near Old St. Stephens, later, 1821, removing to Clarke County, near Jackson, where he had purchased a large tract of land. He represented this county in the legislature, 1822-23. He commenced the business of salt making near his place, but soon abandoned the works on account of salt becoming such a cheap article. Later, during the War of Secession, these salt works proved of great value to the State. He bought a tract of some 1,200 acres, three miles west of Woodville, near Uniontown, and devoted his time and energy after 1832 until the date of his death to the management of his two plantations, one in Clarke and the other in Marengo. He was assassinated by a discharged superintendent on his plantation in Marengo County. Married: June 30, 1814, in Warren County, N. C, to Rebecca Emily, daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth (Faulcon) Alston, of North Carolina; granddaughter of Philip and Winnefred (Whitmell) Alston, of North Carolina, and of Nicholas and Lucy W. Faulcon, of Surry County, Va. Children: 1. Samuel Alston (q. v.), m. Sarah Elizabeth Al ston; 2. Oliver Henry, d. young; 3. Sarah Har ris, d. young; 4. Elizabeth Faulcon, m, Sewell Jones Leach (q. v.); 5. Rebecca Emily, d. young; 6. Caroline Medora, m. Josiah James Pegues (q. v.) ; 7. John Henry, unm. physi cian, University of Alabama, B. A., 1847, M. A., 1850; Jefferson medical college, Philadel phia, M. D., 1849; practiced and died in Missis sippi; 8. William Faulcon, m. Jersey Annie Foster (q. v.); 9. James Harris, m. Mary Eliza beth Burges (q. v.) ; 10. Susan Virginia, m. Lucien Van Buren Martin (q. v.). Last resi dence: Marengo County. FITTS, JAMES HARRIS, jr., lawyer and banker, was born at Jackson, Clarke County, October 12, 1830; son of James Harris and Re becca Emily (Alston) Fitts (q. v.). and broth er Samuel Alston (q. v.), and William Faul con Fitts (q. v.). He received his early educa tion in the private schools of Tuscaloosa; grad uated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1849; taught at Foster's settlement, in Tusca loosa County, 1850-51; and in the city of Tus caloosa, 1852; received the degree of A. M., 1852, from the University of Alabama and sub sequently LL. D. ; was admitted to practice law, 1853, and immediately began the practice at Tuscaloosa, continuing until 1861; was city at torney 1854. He was elected, 1863, by the con gress of the Confederate States, the Confederate States depository, at Tuscaloosa, which office he held until 1865. He established the first bank, 580 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 1865, in Tuscaloosa since the failure of the State bank, 1837, and this bank was the only one in the city until 1872. Mr. Fitts was in terested in banking, 1870-90, and at the same time organizing and becoming connected with many important enterprises. He was elected president of the Alabama bar association at its first meeting, 1890. He was appointed trus tee of the University of Alabama, 1865-68, by the governor, and served as secretary during the trying days of reconstruction; becoming fis cal agent 1866-69; treasurer 1872; and continu ing in this office until 1912. He is an Episco palian and a Democrat. Author: "Usury," pub lished in the proceeding of the Alabama bank ers association, 1890; "History of banks and banking in Alabama," published in the pro ceedings of the Alabama bankers association. 1891; "History of the State bank of Alabama," published in the Bankers law journal, June, 1895; "Free coinage of silver," published in proceedings of the Alabama bankers associa tion, 1892; "Genealogy of the Fitts or Fitz Family in America," 1897. Married: May 2, 1855, to Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Lovat and Fannie (Cox) Burges, of Bayou Huffpow- er, Avoyelles Parish, La. Children: 1. Wil liam Faulcon, m. Annie Spiller, daughter of James Spiller, of Tuscaloosa, attended the Uni versity of the South, 1872, graduated from the University of Alabama, 1875; president of the Tuscalobsa cotton mills until 1897, banker; 2. James Harris, d. in infancy; 3. Festus, m. An- nalee, daughter of John T. and Nancy (Curry) Taylor, of Mobile, University of Alabama, A. M., 1878, secretary and treasurer, 1895-96, and president and general manager, 1892-96, Tusca loosa cotton mills, assistant cashier of bank of J. H. Fitts & Co., 1886-96, member of the first board of education, Tuscaloosa, 1890-91, d. August 6, 1896; 4. Fannie, m. Samuel Fitts Al ston (q. v.) ; 5. Arthur, student at the Univer sity of Alabama, 1878-80, superintendent of Tuscaloosa cotton mills, d. July 29, 1889; 6. Alice m. Walton W. Hill, son of Rev. Leonidas and Mary Helener (Walton) Hill, student at the University of the South, University of Vir ginia, LL. B., representative from Montgomery in the legislature 1889, 1892 and 1894. 7. Al ston, m. Mary Shiras, Ottawa, Kans. (q v.) ; 8. Mary, d. young. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. FITTS, JOHN, planter and merchant, was born in 1804, in Warren County, N. C, and died in Clay County, Miss., on December 13, 1882; son of Judge Oliver and Sarah (Harris) Fitts (q. v.), and brother of James Harris Fitts (q. v.). He was educated at the Univer sity of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; removed to Alabama after his education was finished, 1832, and settled at St. Stephens, where he amassed a large fortune by planting, merchan dising and trading. He owned stores at Ar eola, on the Warrior River, at Woodville, now Uniontown, Perry County, and at Prairie Bluff, on the Alabama River. He was at one time clerk of the U. S. district court, sitting at Mo bile, where he resided for many years, and was a member of the house of representatives from Washington County, 1829. His start in life was made by borrowing $10,000 from the bank of St. Stephens and investing this money in negro slaves. Married: in 1830, to Virginia Wilmonia, daughter of Col. William Aylette, of Tuscaloosa. Children: 1. Martha Aylette, m. Dr. LaFayette Guild (q. v.); 2. Oliver Henry, unm. member of Texas Rangers, served as a member of the Sixth Texas cavalry regiment, C. S. Army, wounded at the battle of Corinth; sheriff of Tuscaloosa County, 1871, d. in Bir mingham July 30, 1890; 3. William Aylette, m. Eliza J. Watt, joined the Jeff Davis artillery, C. S. Army, later organized and became cap tain of Co. I, Alabama volunteer regiment, planter, cotton broker and real estate dealer; 4. Philips Augustus, m. Sophia Holland Coch rane (q. v.); 5. Margaret Louisa, m. John James Harris (q. v.) ; 6. Tempe, m. James E. Hawkins (q. v.) ; 7. Sallie, d. young. Last residence: Clay County, Mississippi. FITTS, OLIVER, Federal judge, was born about 1771, in Dinwiddie County, Va., and died at St. Stephens, in 1816; son of Henry and Su sannah (Sturdivant) Fitts, the former born in Prince George County, Va., about 1730, and who removed to Warren County, N. C, about 1773, where he acquired much property. Judge Fitts removed with his family to Warren Coun ty, N. C, and there received his education. He was a member of the house of commons from Warren County, 1798-99; attorney general of North Carolina, 1808-10; was nominated by President James Madison on April 17, 1810, as judge of the Mississippi Territory, and the nomination was confirmed on the next day by the senate. Alabama was at this date included in the territory of Mississippi, and the federal courts were held at Vicksburg, Miss., and St. Stephens. He removed his family from North Carolina and settled at the latter place, where he continued to discharge the duties of Federal judge until his death. Married (1) in 1795, to Sarah Harris, of Surry County, N. C; (2) to a widow thought to be a Mrs. Ashe. Children: 1. James Harris, m. Rebecca Emily Alston (q. v.) ; 2. Susan Brown, m (1) Daniel B. Ripley, and (2) Edward F. Comegys (q. v.); 3. Henry, d unm; 4. Temperance Winnefred, m. William Crawford (q. v.); 5. John, m. Virginia Wil monia' Aylette (q. v.) ; 6. Oliver Harris, m. Nancy Moore. Last residence: St. Stephens. FITTS, PHILIP AUGUSTUS, Episcopal cler gyman and lawyer, was born April 19, 1839 in Tuscaloosa County; son of John and Virginia Wilmonia (Aylette) Fitts (q. v.). His ele mentary education was received in the Tusca loosa schools; was a student at the University of Alabama, 1856-57; and began the study of law in the office of Whitfield and Fitts, 1857. Although under age, his friends procured the passage of an act by the legislature, 1857-58, authorizing him to practice provided he should stand an approved examination before the su preme court. The following year, 1859, he passed the examination and was admitted to the bar. He began the practice of law in Tusca loosa in partnership with J. H. Fitts and later with Col. A. C. Hargrove, the latter for sev eral years a State senator and later president of the senate. He continued his practice until DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 581 the .beginning of the War of Secession, when he volunteered and served for two years as a private in Lunsden's battery, C. S. Army. After the war he resumed the practice of his profes sion, but having joined the Protestant Episco pal church, he was soon induced to become a lay reader and was afterwards admitted to the charge of the diaconate and was ordained to the priesthood, 1873. He was called to the charge of the Church of the Advent, Birming ham, remaining there until November, 1875, where he removed to Clarksville. After eleven years of service in Clarksville, he accepted the charge of Grace church, Anniston. The Uni versity of the South conferred the degree of D. D. upon him 1893. Married: April 10, 1861, to Sophia Holland, daughter of William and Sophia L. (Perkins) Cochrane, of Tusca loosa. Children: 1. Louise, d. young; 2. Wil liam Cochrane (q. v.) m. Eleanor Hewitt; 3. Philip Augustus, d. young; 4. Aylette, d. in in fancy; 5. Sophia; 6. Henry John, m. Florence Dallam Dudley, of Henderson, Ky., student at the University of Alabama, 1891-92, lawyer and teacher; 7. Hardin Holland; 8. Fairfax; 9. Vir ginia Aylette. Last residence: Anniston. FITTS, SAMUEL ALSTON, planter, was born May 15, 1815, in Warren County, N. C, and died in Marengo County, April 2, 1869; son of James Harris and Rebecca Emily (Alston) Fitts (q. v.), and brother of James Harris (q. v.) and of William Faulcon (q. v.). He was brought to Alabama as an infant by his parents and was educated in the best schools of Washington and Clarke Counties. By the death of his father he was left, at the age of eighteen, in charge of his widowed mother and her eight young children. He was appointed administrator of his father's estate, having been required to furnish a bond of $90,- 000, and managed the large estate with skill and fidelity for nineteen years. He was a very successful planter and accumulated a large es tate for his family. Their beautiful home "Roseland" was built in Marengo County, near Uniontown, Perry County. He was a Methodist and a Mason. Married: November 29, 1838, to Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of Col. William Wil liams and Mary Haywood (Burges) Alston, of Clarke County, but originally from North Caro lina. Only one of their eleven children mar ried. 1. Mary Emily; 2. Sarah Olivia; 3. Sam uel Thomas; 4. James Oliver, b. December 19, 1846, student University of Alabama, 1863, but left to join Gen. Loring's division, C. S. Army, later courier, student University of Virginia, lawyer, planter, d. February 25, 1892, at "Roseland"; 5. Edward Alston, planter, Ma rengo County; 6. John Henry, A. M., Univer sity of Alabama, 1874, planter, Marengo Coun ty; 7. Cornelia, m. Frank Wharton Gaines; 8. Walter Emmett, d. young; 9. Haywood, planter, Faunsdale; 10. Haywood, student University of Alabama, 1880-81, planter, Faunsdale; 11. Her bert. Last residence: Marengo County. FITTS, WILLIAM COCHRANE, attorney gen eral of Alabama and lawyer, was born in Tusca loosa, January 29, 1866; son of Rev. Dr. Philip Augustus and Sophia Holland (Cftchrane) Fitts (q. v.). He received his early education at the old academy at Elyton and the first public school in Birmingham, later removing to Clarksville, Tenn., with his parents he contin ued his education in this place; spent one year at the University of the South; graduated from the Southwestern Presbyterian university, Clarksville, Tenn., 1884. He accepted a posi tion as clerk in the National bank of Clarks ville, but soon began the study of law in the office of Hon. Polk Johnson. He graduated from the University of Alabama, LL. B., 1886, and later attended a summer course of law at the University of Virginia. He practiced law at Tuscaloosa 1886-94; was elected~attorney gen eral 1894, and re-elected 1896. He was a mem ber of the constitutional convention, 1901, from Tuscaloosa County; removed to Mobile and practiced there until 1910 when he removed to Birmingham. He has been U.; S. assistant at torney general since 1917. He is a Democrat; and an Episcopalian. Married: April 23, 1890, in Birmingham to Eleanor, daughter of Col. G. W. and Harriet (Earle) Hewitt, of Birming ham (q. v.). Children: 1. Harriet Earle; 2. Sophia Holland; 3. Eleanor Fitts; 4. William Cochrane. Residence: Birmingham. FITTS, WILLIAM FAULCON, physician, was born February 14, 1829, near Jackson, Clarke County, and was killed in repulsing the attack of the Federal army, December 27, 1862; son of James Harris and Rebecca Emily (Alston) Fitts (q. v.), and brother of James Harris (q. v.), and of Samuel Alston Fitts (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Tuscaloosa County; attended the University of Alabama for two years; read medicine under Dr. James Guild, 1848-49; attended lectures at the Medical college at New Orleans, 1849-50; and was grad uated from the Jefferson medical college, Phila delphia, 1851. He settled in Marengo County, 1852, and began the practice of his profession, at the same time supervising his planting in terests. In a few years he gained the reputa tion of being a skillful physician. Realizing that the South was in need of all her men, in the spring of 1862, he joined a company of calv- alry, then forming in Northport, under Capt. H. S. Whitfield. This company was mustered into service as Co. G., 51st Alabama cavalry regiment, Col. John T. Morgan commanding. Dr. Fitts was elected second lieutenant and later made first lieutenant upon the resignation of Capt. Whitfield. He was killed at Stewarts' Creek just preceding the battle Murfreesboro, Tenn., while leading his men in an effort to check the advance of the enemy. He was bur ied where he fell by the Federals, the body be ing moved by friends later to a# grave-yard, some five miles distant, and later still, Decem ber, 1865, removed to Tuscaloosa. Married: October 13, 1857, to Jersey Annie, daughter of Charles M. Foster, of Tuscaloosa. Children: 1. Charles, m. Flora Darner, of Hale County, stu dent at the University of Alabama, 1874-77, merchant of Tuscaloosa; 2. Lizzie Faulcon, m. Benjamin Flinn of Montgomery, University of Alabama, A. B., 1880, LL. B., 1881, member of the house of representatives, Montgomery County, 1886-87; 3. William Faulcon, m. Helen Wallace McEachin, daughter of Col. A. B. Mc- 582 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Eachin of Tuscaloosa; student, at the Univer sity of Alabama, 1878-80; cattle merchant of Tuscaloosa. Last residence: Marengo County. FITZGERALD, JOHN, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, a resident of Washington County; private 7th Regular U. S. infantry; enrolled on September 27, 1818, payment to date from August 26, 1818; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication Of list, $1,058.63; acts military establishment. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong. 1st sess., 1833-34. FITZPARTRICK, BENJAMIN, lawyer, ninth governor of Alabama, U. S. senator, was born June 30, 1802, in Greene County, Ga., and died November 21, 1869, at Wetumpka, son of Wil liam and Anne (Phillips) Fitzpatrick, the former who emigrated from Fluvanna County, Va., to Georgia with his mother and brothers and sisters in 1784, was a lieutenant in the Third South Carolina regiment, was presented with a sword for services rendered at Savan nah where he was wounded, served in the Georgia legislature for nineteen consecutive years, and has his name on the roll of honor in the Lineage Book, 1901, volume 5, 1893- 1894, the latter a sister of Col. Joseph Phillips of Clarke County, who, at great personal risk to herself, carried over the country on horse back valuable government papers which she delivered safely at Savannah; grandson of Jo seph and Mary Perrin (Woodson) Fitzpatrick, who lived at Fluvanna County, Va., the former of whom came from Ireland to Virginia about the year 1720, with his father and brothers, William and Thomas, when he was about five years old, and of Joseph and Anne Phillips; gr"eat-grandson of William Fitzpatrick, the emi grant, a native of the north of Ireland, who is the progenitor of the Fitzpatricks living in the southern, southwestern and western states, and of Boothe and Mary (Perrin) Woodson, of Virginia; great-great-grandson of Miss Napier, daughter of Rene Napier of Virginia, who was of French descent. Gov. Fitzpatrick was left an orphan when he was seven years old, and though well cared for by a sister and elder brothers, re ceived a limited education. He went to Ala bama about 1816 to manage the interests of his brothers, Joseph and Phillips, who had acquired land on the banks of the Alabama River, north of Montgomery. He served as deputy under the first sheriff of Autauga County; and afterwards was clerk in a trad ing house on the site of the present town of Wetumpka. He read law in the office of Judge Nimrod E. Benson in Montgomery; was admitted to the bar at that place and formed a professional partnership with Henry Gold thwaite. He was elected solicitor of the Montgomery circuit in 1819; re-elected in 1822; practiced his profession from 1823 until 1827; and retired to his plantation in Autauga County to engage in agriculture in the latter year. He was in retirement for about twelve years. Upon the election of Gov. Clay to the senate of the United States at the extra ses sion, June 30, 1837, provision had to be made by the Democratic party for a candidate to succeed him as the executive, by election, on the first Monday in August, only one month ahead. There was not time for a convention, hence a caucus of the Democratic members of the legislature was resorted to, to make the nomination. In the caucus, the claims of Mr. Speaker Bagby and Gov. Fitzpatrick were urged, the former succeeding by a few votes only. This demonstration in his favor brought Gov. Fitzpatrick before the people, and at the convention of 1839, he was placed at the head of the Democratic electoral ticket for the state at large, and the next year canvassed the state for President Van Buren. In 1841, he was elected governor of Alabama, defeating James W. McClung of Madison; and on the expiration of his term, was re-elected without opposition, retiring from the position in 1845. The most important event of his administra tion was the overthrow of the state banking system, which owing to mismanagement, had fallen into disfavor and disrepute. The state became liable for the indebtedness of the banks and for a time was on the brink of financial ruin. A commission was appointed to adjust the affairs of the banks, and ably fulfilled the trust. Upon the retirement of Gov. Fitzpatrick from office, a resolution of approval of his course was unanimously adopted by the legis lature. By appointment of Gov. Chapman, Mr. Fitz patrick became U. S. senator, 1848-1849, to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Senator D. H. Lewis; and again, in 1853, was appointed to the senate by Gov. Collier to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Senator William R. King, elected vice-president of the United States. Senator Fitzpatrick was re-elected by the legislature of Alabama in 1855 to a full term expiring March 3, 1861. He was chosen president pro tempore of the U. S. Senate in the absence of the vice-president of the United States, and served in that capacity during the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth congresses, from December 7, 1857, to June 12, 1860. He was nominated the Democratic candidate for vice- president of the United States by the national convention held in Baltimore in 1860, but de clined the nomination. Upon the secession of Alabama in 1861, Senator Fitzpatrick left the senate and returned to his home. At the close of the war he was chosen to represent Autauga County in the constitutional convention of 1865, and was unanimously elected president of that body. This was his last official position as he was disfranchised shortly afterward. He retired to his plantation in Wetumpka, where he died November 25, 1869. Married: (1) July 19, 1827, at "Hunting don," Autauga County, now Elmore County, Sarah Terry Elmore, died in 1837, daughter of Gen. John Archer and Anne (Martin) El more, who lived at "Huntingdon," Autauga County, formerly of South Carolina; grand daughter of Gen. John and Sarah Elizabeth (Terry) Martin; great-granddaughter of Capt. Abram and Elizabeth (Marshall) Martin, and of Lieut. Nathaniel Terry, first lieutenant, Fourteenth Virginia regiment; sister of Hon. John A. Elmore of Montgomery, of Hon. Frank- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 583 lin Elmore, subsequently a senator in con gress from South Carolina, of William Elmore, attorney-general of Louisiana, of Hon. Henry M. Elmore, of Macon County, of Hon. Rush Elmore, judge of the United States court in Kansas, and of Albert Elmore, secretary of state of Alabama, and collector of the port of Mobile; sister-in-law of the Hon. Dixon H. Lewis; (2) November 29, 1846, Aurelia Rachel Blassingame, of Marion, born January 3, 1825, and died August, 1872, daughter of William E. Blassingame. ChildfjBn, by first -marriage: 1. Elmore Joseph (-q. v.) ; 2. Phillips (q. v.) ; 3. Morris Martin, b. November 20, 1831, d. Sep tember, 1853; 4. James Madison, b. December 6, 1833, d. April 29, 1852; 5. Thomas Sumpter, b. November 13, 1835; 6. John Archer, b. De cember 14, 1836; by second wife, 7. Aurelia, b. and d. April .20, 1848; 8. Benjamin, b. Decem ber 29, 1854, a lawyer, Wetumpka. Last resi dence : Wetumpka. FITZPATRICK, CLEMENT TRANUM, mer chant, was born December 28, 1857, in Bullock County;, son of Clement and Fanny (Tranum) Fitzpatrick, the former a native of Georgia who removed to Bullock County where he prac ticed medicine, the latter a member of a prom inent Virginia family; grandson of Philip and Nanny Fitzpatrick who came to Alabama from Georgia about 1817, with his brother Benjamin, who was afterwards governor of the state, and with four other brothers, Joseph, Alva, Wil liam and Bird. They separated and settled in Pike, Macon, Montgomery and Autauga coun ties, and found their Indian neighbors for a long while friendly and helpful. Mr. Fitzpat rick received his only education in the Little- page old field school, and in 1890, began mer chandising. He is a Democrat; Presbyterian; and an Elk. Married: (1) April, 1882, at Columbus, Ga\, to Fanny Graves, daughter of Graves and Roberta (Gibson) Fitzpatrick of that place, paternal ancestry is the same as that of her husband, the latter was a member of the Gibson family of Virginia; (2) April 22, 1903, at Montgomery, to Caroline Goodwyn, daughter of Abram Jones and Margaret Ella (Durham) Lamar of Garfield County, S. C. Mrs. Fitzpat rick belongs to the distinguished southern fam ily of Lamars, jurists, lawyers and soldiers Children: by the first wife, 1. Benjamin, physi cian; 2. Annie Roberta; 3. Lona Cecile, m, Richard Edward Patten, Lancaster, S. C; 4. Dorothy Graves; by the second wife, Clement LeGrand; 5. Jean Lamar. Residence: Mont gomery. FITZPATRICK, ELMORE JOSEPH, lawyer, was bora June 3, 1828, in Autauga County, and died July 27, 1884, at Montgomery; son of Gov. Benjamin and Sarah Terry (Elmore) Fitz patrick (q. v.) ; grandson of William and Anne (Phillips) Fitzpatrick who lived in Greene County, Ga., and of Gen. John Archer and Anne (Martin) Elmore, who lived at the family homestead "Huntingdon," Elmore County; nephew of John A. Elmore and Dixon H. Lewis. William Fitzpatrick, the emigrant, came from the north of Ireland to Virginia with his three sons in 1710. Of the sons, Jo seph Fitzpatrick, ancestor of this branch of the family, located in Greene County Ga Capt. Fitzpatrick was educated in schools around his home, and was graduated from the University of Alabama, B. A., 1847. He read law in the office of Judge John A. Campbell of Mobile; was admitted to the bar in Mont gomery, 1851; and entered upon the practice ot law that same year in Montgomery. When the War of Secession began in 1861, he en tered the C. S. Army as first lieutenant in Sempjes battery, Alabama light artillery, and was mustered into service March 7 1862 at Montgomery. He was in active service in the field until after the battle of Murfreesboro, when, he was appointed captain of cavalry and judge advocate of Gen. Buckner's military court. The next year, he was stationed at Mobile as judge advocate of Gen. Maury's court, and remained in that service until the end of the war. He distinguished himself in the battle of Perryville, December 31, 1862, and at Murfreesboro, January 2, 1863. Capt. Fitz patrick was elected solicitor of the Montgom ery judicial circuit by the legislature in 1865, and served until 1867 when he was thrust out of office by the Reconstruction Acts. While holding the office, he had a public controversy with Gen. Wager Swayne, a Federal general commanding the district of Alabama, in which he resisted the efforts of that general to in terfere with the administration of public jus tice in the courts of the state. After that time, he held no public office, but in the differ ent canvasses which occurred for the redemp tion of the state from radical rule, he was an active participant. He frequently made speeches during those canvasses; with a mem ber of the' state executive committee of the Democratic and Conservative party of Ala bama, and was often a delegate to the state and county conventions. Married: (1) December 6, 1854, at Mont gomery, Virginia, Rosalie Armistead, died May, 1864, daughter of Col. William and Lucy (Boyd) Armistead, who lived at New Kent County, Va., and moved to Alabama in 1833, where they settled on a plantation in Greene County, the former whose ancestors came from Kirk Deighton, Yorkshire, England, to Vir ginia in 1635; sister of Dr. William B. Armi stead (q. v.); (2) August 6, 1868, at Freder ick, Md., Elizabeth Thornton Marks, of Mont gomery, who died in 1911. Children, by first marriage: 1. William Armistead, d. in in fancy; 2. Sarah Terry, d. in infancy; 3. Robert Armistead, -b. 1859, d. 1907; 4. Rosalie Vir ginia, b. 1861, m. 1881, Simeon Shy Higgins, of Franklin, Tenn., resides in Montgomery, children, Elmore Fitzpatrick, m. Mary Shep herd Knowles, Rosalie Armistead, Elizabeth Sayre, and Herbert Armistead d.; 5. Benjamin James, b. 1864, d. November 6, 1894, at Mont gomery, A. B., University of Alabama, lawyer; by second marriage: 6. William Marks, b. 1870, killed by the accidental discharge of a gun in the hands of a friendly comrade his own age, June 21, 1881. Last residence: Mont gomery. 584 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY FITZPATRICK, PHILLIPS, physician, was born March 15, 1830, at Wetumpka, and died April 29, 1901, at Wetumpka; son of Gov. Ben jamin and Sarah Terry (Elmore) Fitzpatrick (q. v.); grandson of William and Anne (Phil lips) Fitzpatrick, of Greene County, Ga., and of Gen. John Archer and Anne (Martin) El more, of Elmore, Elmore County, natives of Virginia and South Carolina, respectively; nephew of Hon. Benjamin Thomas Elmore, an officer in the U. S. Army, auditor of the state of South Carolina and a candidate for governor, of Hon. Franklin Harper Elmore, who succeeded John C. Calhoun in the U. S. senate, of John Archer Elmore, a lawyer of Montgomery and a member of the state legislature, of Hon. William A. Elmore, a lawyer of New Orleans, superintendent of the mint under President Buchanan, a circuit judge and attorney-general of Louisiana, of Hon. Henry M. Elmore, pro bate judge of Macon County, who commanded a Texan regiment during the War of Secession, and of Hon. Rush Elmore, captain in the Mex- ica War, and territorial judge of Kansas under Buchanan; brother of Elmore Fitzpatrick (q. v.). Thirteen of Dr. Fitzpatrick's ances tors were soldiers in the colonial army during the Revolution: William Fitzpatrick, a lieu tenant in the Third South Carolina regiment, was brevetted colonel, presented with a sword for services rendered at Savannah, Ga., and served nineteen consecutive years in the Georgia legislature; John Archer Elmore, a private in the ranks under General Greene, was present with Greene at Yorktown, was general of the state militia of South Carolina, one of the first judges in that state, and has Elmore County named for him; Joseph Phillips, private; Gen. John Martin; William Phillips, private; Abram Martin and six brothers were American soldiers; and Nathaniel Terry was first lieutenant of the Fourteenth Virginia regiment. Dr. Fitzpatrick obtained his early schooling from a Scotchman named MacDougall, near the present town, of Elmore; was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1849, A. M., 1853; and from the University of Louis iana, New Orleans, M. D., 1854. He practiced medicine and engaged in planting until the beginning of the War of Secession; enlisted in Semple's battery early in 1862, and was soon afterwards transferred to the medical department as acting surgeon, which position he held until the end of the war. He resumed his profession and planting in Talladega County, and after a number of years, moved to Elmore County where he practiced until his death. He was a member of the State Medical Association, president of the Elmore County Medical Society; was appointed physician at the state penitentiary during Gov. Johnston's administration; and was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon college fraternity. Married: (1) March 3, 1858, at Montgomery, Mary Ann Bethea, who died in 1878, daughter of Col. Tristam B. and Eugenia (Volante) Bethea (q. v.) ; (2) January 5, 1882, at Kellyton, Jen nie Kelly, daughter of Dr. James Alexander and Margaret McNeil (Patterson) Kelly, who lived near Kellyton, for whom the town was named. Children: 1. Eugenia Bethea, de ceased; 2. James Madison, b. November 14, 1860, d. August 9, 1900, in Wetumpka, lawyer, county solicitor of Elmore County at the time of his death, m. February 23, 1893, Mary A. Cantalou, daughter of Lamar and Mary Graham (Campbell) Cantalou, of Wetumpka; 3. Cor nelia, deceased; 4. Sarah Elmore, deceased; 5. Sarah Elmore, Montgomery; 6. Mary Phil lips, m. Richard William Skehan, deceased, and resides in Montgomery; 7. Anne Aurelia, de ceased; 8. Phillips, jr., deceased; 9. John Kelly, Wetumpka. Last residence: Wetumpka. FITZSIMMONS, OWEN P., Episcopal cler gyman, was born June 27, 1851, in Augusta, Ga., and died September 17, 1901, at Asheville, N. C. He was educated at the 'University of Virginia and received his theological training in Scotland and Germany. He served as rector of St. Mary's Episcopal church, Birmingham, 1890 until his death, and was chaplain on the staff of Col. E. L. Higdon, 1st Alabama regi ment, volunteers, Spanish-American War. He was a Mason. Last residence: Birmingham. FLANAGAN, JAMES ALEXANDER, farmer and legislator, was born December 21, 1843, at Pontotoc County, Miss.; son of Phillip Pink ney and Elizabeth (Meadows) Flanagan, the former of Georgia, was a soldier in the War of 1812, and also of the Indian War, the latter a native of North Carolina. He was educated in the common schools. He served in Co. B, 36th Alabama infantry regiment, C, S. Army, throughout the War of Secession. He was com missioner of Greene County twelve years; and in the legislature of 1911 was one of the repre sentatives of that county. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: March 25, 1859, to Maranda, daughter of Berry and Martha King, of North Carolina. Children: 1. Molsey Elizabeth, m. A. R. Hester, Greenville; 2. Mary Lula, m. Edward Norris, Tuscaloosa; 3. Albert Beston. Residence: Clinton. FLASH, HENRY LYNDEN, author, was born in Cincinnati, O., July 20, 1835. In 1839, his family moved to New Orleans, and in 1849 he entered the Western Military institute in Kentucky, and was graduated there in 1852. He first wrote and published verses while at college. When he left school, he went to Mobile, entered a branch of his father's com mercial house for some years, but was con tinually composing verses during that time. He went to Europe in 1857, spent a year in Italy, and while abroad was correspondent of the "New Orleans Delta" and the "Montgom ery Mail." Before going to Europe he' was for a few months one of the editors of the "Mobile Register." On returning from Italy, Mr. Flash went into a cotton commission house in Mobile, and in 1860 moved to Galveston, Tex., entering in the' wholesale produce business. In the summer of 1860 his first volume of poems was published by Rudd & Carleton, New York. It was sold out in two or three months, and another edition was to have been pub- DR. RHETT GOODE DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 587 lished, but the war prevented. During the War of Secession, Mr. Flash served as a vol unteer, and was aide-de-camp to Gen. W. J. Hardee and Gen. Joseph Wheeler. Through the last year of the war, he owned and edited the "Macon Telegraph." In 1865, he returned to his business in Galveston, Tex., but left there three years later to enter the same busi ness in New Orleans. He lived in that city until 1884, when he moved to Los Angeles, Calif. His second volume of poems appeared in 1906 with an introduction by Gen. Wheeler. Several of his better-known poems are: "Con federate Flag," "Zollicoffer," "Leonidas Polk," "The Shadow of the Valley," and "Love and Wrong." Married: in 1870, Clara Dolson of New Orleans. Residence: Los Angeles, Calif. FLEMING, PORTER THOMAS, physician, was born November 3, 1868, at Clintonville, Coffee County; son of Edmund D. and Lucy A. (Flowers) Fleming, the former of whom lived around Clintonville from the time he was a small boy, served as a private in the Thirty- third Alabama regiment, Co. K, and in the Fifteenth Confederate cavalry, Co. D.; grand son of William Walker and Henrietta (Dis- mukes) Fleming, who lived at Clintonville, and of Jacob and Pennie (Johnson) Flowers, of Smithfield, N. C. He received his academic training in Clintonville under the instruction of J. J. Johnson, J. M. Sanders, and J. J. Langham, and was graduated from the Louis ville medical college, Kentucky, M. D., 1894. He began to practice medicine at Clintonville, in 1894, and continued his profession there for five years; practiced at Dothan, Houston County, for a year; and at Enterprise, Coffee County, since that time. Dr. Fleming has for a number of years conducted an extensive surgical practice at the Coffee County sani tarium in Enterprise. He is a Democrat, a steward in the Methodist Episcopal church, south, a Mason and a Knight of Pythias. Mar ried: July 21, 1907, at Enterprise, Carrie Hutch ison, daughter of Louis Pink and Nettie (Law) Hutchison, of Clintonville. The Laws came to Alabama from South Carolina and the Hutchisons from North Carolina. Residence: Enterprise. FLEMING, SAMUEL, soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, aged 85, resided in Mont gomery County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pen sioners, 1841, p. 149. FLEMING, SAMUEL, soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Autauga County; private Georgia Militia; en rolled on January 12, 1833, under Act of Con gress, June 7, 1832; payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $40; sums received to date of publication of list, $120. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. FLEMING, WALTER LYNWOOD, educator, was born April 8, 1874, near Brundidge, Pike County; son of William Leroy and Mary Love (Edwards) Fleming, the former a Georgian; - Vol. m— 88 grandson of John Alexander Fleming and Leroy M. and Martha (Mizell) Edwards, of Dale County. He received his preparatory training in the public schools of Pike County, and at Brundidge academy; was graduated with hon ors at the Alabama polytechnic institute, B. S., 1896, and M. S., 1897, and from Columbia uni versity, New York, M. A., 1901, and Ph. D., 1904. He farmed until 1894, and during the next two years, when not in college, taught in the pub lic schools. He was instructor in history, Eng lish and mathematics, 1896-1897, assistant libra rian, 1897-1898, 1899-1900, Alabama polytechnic institute; lecturer in history, Columbia uni versity, 1902-1903; professor of history, West Virginia university, 1903-1907; professor of history, Louisiana State university, 1907-1917; and at Vanderbilt university, Nashville, Tenn., since 1917. He was private, corporal, and first sergeant in the Second Alabama volunteer in fantry, U. S. Army, and second lieutenant, Third Alabama volunteer infantry, 1898-1899, during war with Spain; and quartermaster with the field hospital, Second division, Fourth Army corps, 1899. He is a memher of the Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi Valley historical as sociations; of the American Historical Asso ciation; of the American Political Science Asso ciation; and of the National Geographic So ciety. He was one of the editors of the "His torians' History of the World," 1907; editor of Lester and Wilson's "History of Ku Klux Klan," 1905; "Documentary History of Reconstruction," two volumes, 1906, 1907; was editor-in-chief of section vi. of "The South in the Building of the Nation," twelve volumes; contributed his torical articles to "Encyclopedia Americana," "Encyclopedia Britannica," "Nelson's Encyclo pedia," "Cyclopedia of American Government," "Photographic History of the Civil War," and historical papers and revues to various pub lications. He is engaged in research in Ameri can social and economic history, especially of the Southern States, and has in preparation a biography of Jefferson Davis and a history of the reconstruction period. He is author of "Reconstruction of the Seceded States," 1905; "Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama," 1905; "William Tecumseh Sherman as College President," 1912. He is a member of the board of editors of the Mississippi Valley Historical Review; is a Democrat, and a member of Pi Kappa Alpha college fraternity. Married: Sep tember 17, 1902, at Auburn, to Mary Wright Boyd, daughter of David French and Esther (Wright) Boyd, who lived at Baton Rouge, La., and at Auburn. Children: 1. Mary Esther; 2. William Leroy; 3. Mary Boyd; 4. Eleanor Louise. Residence: Nashville, Tenn. FLEMING, WILLIAM, public official, was born about the year 1790, in Botetourt County, Va., and died in 1865 in Madison County. He came to Alabama in 1818, set tling in Madison County as a planter. He was elected to the State legislature first in 1821, and continued, with occasional intervals, to occupy a seat in one branch or the other of the legislature until the close of the session of 1862. His public life, including the serving of eight years in the lower house and fourteen 588 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY years in the senate, covered a period of more than thirty years. The journals of the general assembly show his name oftener than any other. He was a presidential elector for Gen Andrew Jackson, and was a stanch Democrat. During the war, he was harshly treated by Federal troops when they occupied the county. Married: Miss Lewis of Virginia. Last resi dence: Madison County. FLETCHER, ALGERNON SIDNEY, banker, was born April 8, 1833, at Manchester, Chester field County, Va., and died at Huntsville; son of James N. and Matilda Golden (Cheatham) Fletcher, natives of Virginia, the former early emigrated to North Alabama, and at the time of his death lived in Limestone County. He was educated at Green academy of Huntsville, LaGrange college, where he graduated in 1855. He began the practice of law in Huntsville, 1858. In April, 1861, he enlisted in the 4th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and was appointed quartermaster of the command with the rank of captain and served until the end of the war. Gov. L. E. Parsons appointed him alderman in 1868, and he was alternately alderman and councilman of his city for over fifteen years; represented Madison County in the legislature in 1876-77, 1878-79, 1892-93, 1894- 95, and was re-elected in November, 1902. He was elected a delegate from Madison County to the Constitutional convention of 1901, serv ing on the committee of municipal corporations, and as chairman of the committee on banks and banking in that body. At the time of his death he was vice-president of the First na tional bank of Huntsville. He was a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: April 24, 1867, at Huntsville, to Mrs. Robert J. Lowe (nee Matilda Holding). Children: 1. Shelby Sidney, (q. v.). Last residence: Huntsville. FLETCHER, N. W., grand master, grand lodge of Alabama, Masons, grand master, grand council of Alabama, 1841. FLETCHER, RICHARD J., major, 11th Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. FLETCHER, RICHARD MATTHEW, physi cian, was born April 1, 1831, in Richmond, Va.; son of James M. and Matilda G. (Cheat ham) Fletcher, the former a native of Bruns wick County, Va., who served several times in the Virginia legislature, and moved with his family to Alabama in 1833. He was educated at the Green academy at Huntsville; left school in 1849 to read medicine under Dr. A. S. Harris; attended the medical course at the University of Pennsylvania, 1852-1854, and was graduated, the latter year, M. D. He re turned to Alabama and practiced medicine in Madison County. During the War of Secession, he gave important medical service among the sick and wounded soldiers at Richmond and Culpeper Court House, Va., and in Madison and Limestone Counties. He was a member and president for one term of the Limestone County Medical Society; a member and three times president of the Madison County Medical Society; a member, vice-president, junior and senior counsellor, and grand counsellor of the Alabama State Medical Society; and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He read a paper on puerperal convulsion before the state medical association in Mobile, 1888, which attracted much attention, and was a frequent contributor to medical journals. Married: August 2, 1855, Rebecca Mason, daughter of William Mason of Virginia. Children: 1. Thomas J.; 2. Eldred; 3. Sidney; 4. Branch; 5. Leslie; 6. Richard Mason, jr., A. B., A, M., b. May 22, 1872, physician, Mobile, 1894, health officer, Madison County, 1895-1898, first lieu tenant and quartermaster then assistant sur geon, First Alabama volunteer infantry, U. S. Army, during the Spanish-American War, 1898, assistant surgeon, U. S. Army; 7. Mary G.; 8. Octavia; and two others, deceased. Resi dence : Madison. FLETCHER, SHELBY SIDNEY, planter, was born March 28, 1874, at Huntsville; son of Algernon Sidney and Mattie (Holding) Fletcher (q. v.). He was educated in the Shep- ard school at Huntsville, and graduated A. B. 1892, from the University of Alabama. In 1893 he received the degree of LL. B. Although ad mitted to the bar he has never practiced law. He is a planter and a cotton merchant, at Huntsville. He was a member of the house of representatives from Huntsville, 1911. He is a Democrat; Elk; and a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon college fraternity. He is un married. Residence: Huntsville. FLETCHER, WILLIAM, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 76, and a resident of Jackson County; captain N. C. Militia; en rolled on January 2, 1834, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $420; sums received to date of publication of list, $1,260.— Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. FLEWELLEN, JAMES THWEAT, planter, was born November 8, 1828, at Clinton, Jones County, Ga., and died February 24, 1889, at Washington, D. C; son of William and Mary (Thweat) Flewellen, natives of Georgia, who lived at Clinton, Ga.; grandson of James and Mary Thweat, of Milledgeville Ga. The Flewellen family came to America from Wales in 1634, and settled in Virginia. They are said to be descendants of Prince Llewellyn the Great, .of Wales. The name was orig inally written Llewellyn but was merged into Flewellen, because of the Welsh pro nunciation. The American branch of the family is derived from Betsy and Dick Flewellen, who were rescued when they were small children from a shipwreck off the coast of Virginia in which their parents were drowned. Mr. Flewellen received his early schooling in Georgia, at Clinton and Columbus; attended Oxford college, Georgia; William and Mary college, Virginia; and the law school of Harvard university. He practiced law for a short time, then turned his attention to his extensive planting interests. He was living in DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 589 Eufaula at the beginning of the war; raised and equipped a regiment in 1862, at his own expense, and became colonel of the Forty-ninth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army. His estates were confiscated during the war, and he re turned to Georgia, was appointed solicitor general of the Pautaula Circuit of that state by Gov. Alf H. Colquitt, and held that position for eight years. He was a Presbyterian, a Democrat and a Mason. Married: (1) in 1849, at Columbus, Ga., Henrietta Fontaine; (2) March 12, 1861, Margaret Crawford? daughter of Hon. Joel and Sarah Ruffin (Rhodes) Craw ford, of Sparta, Ga., the former a member of Congress, who served on Gen. Floyd's staff with the rank of major in the Seminole War in Florida; a descendant of the Crawfords of Scotland who came to America in 1630, whose ancestor, John Crawford, was knighted by King David I of Scotland at Craw's Ford, Scotland; relative of William H. Crawford, once candidate for president of the United States, for years secretary of state, and min ister to France from the United States, of Martin J. Crawford, judge of the supreme court of Georgia, and of George W. Crawford, governor of Georgia for two terms, and secre tary of the U. S. treasury under Fillmore's administration. Children, by first marriage: 1. Mary Fontaine, m. Dr. W. P. Copeland of Eufaula, deceased; by second marriage, 2. Lucie Terrell, m. Prof. James T. Newton of the military branch of the Georgia State col lege, Cuthbert, Ga., later assistant commis sioner of the U. S. patent office at Washington, D. C; 3. Walter Crawford, deceased; 4. Arthur Crawford, deceased; 5. Crawford, d. in infancy. Last residence: Washington, D. C. FLOURNOY, JOSEPH E. P., member of the constitutional convention of 1875, from Coffee County. FLOURNOY, ROBERT, planter, was born May 6, 1826, at Eatonton, Putnam County, Ga., and died October 26, 1896, at Brickyard; son of Josiah and Martha (Manley) Flournoy, who lived at Eatonton, Ga., the former a native of Petersburg, Va., a planter and mill man, who was local preacher in the Methodist church and a pioneer of the temperance movement in Georgia; grandson of John F. and Mary (Ashurst) Flournoy, who lived at Petersburg, Va., and of John and Mary Manley, of Eaton ton, Ga. The Flournoys were French Hugue nots. Laurent Flournoy fled from France to Geneva, Switzerland, after the massacre of the Huguenots. His son, Jean Jacques Flour noy, came to America and settled in Henrico, now Powhatan County, Va. From him are descended all the Flournoys in America. Mr. Flournoy obtained his early education at Eaton ton, and attended Translyvania college, Ky. He was a progressive, scientific farmer, and began the culture of Johnson grass for hay before its value was appreciated in the sur rounding country. He was a Democrat. Mar ried: October 16, 1855, in Columbus, Ga., the Rev. Walter R. Branham, his brother-in-law, officiating, Eugenia Moffett, daughter of Henry and Dorinda (Phillips) Moffett, who lived in Muscogee County, Ga., and later, in Russell County, near Crawford, the former of whom was a large land owner, who at one time repre sented Russell County in the Alabama legisla ture. Children: 1. Dora, resides at Glenwood, N. C, m. Henry H. Epping, deceased ; 2. Thomas Moffett, d. November 28, 1913, m. Minnie L. Long, who moved with her children from Rus sell County to Columbus, Ga., after her hus band's death. Last residence: Brickyard. FLOURNOY, THOMAS F., deputy grand high priest, grand chapter Masons, 1859-60. FLOWERS, JAMES D., lumber business, was born March 2, 1844, in Fayette County, Ga.; son of W. H. and Sarah T. (Thomas) Flowers (q. v.) ; grandson of Rev. Drury and Catherine (Sullivan) Flowers, who lived in Georgia, then in Randolph County, and of Rev. William Thames, of Georgia; brother of John J. Flowers (q. v.). Mr. Flowers enlisted in the C. S. Army when he was seventeen years old, serving in Col. Carter's cavalry regiment, Second Alabama, from April, 1861, until May, 1862, when he was transferred to the Seven teenth Alabama infantry, and took part in the battles around Atlanta and in Hood's Tennessee raid. He was captured at the battle of Nash ville and sent north to Camp Douglas, where he was kept a prisoner until the close of hos tilities, when he returned home. He attended school in Butler County for some time; was employed in a saw mill, and in 1866 moved to Boiling, subsequently becoming connected with the firm of Milner, Caldwell & Flowers Lumber Company. He is a Democrat ; a Mason ; steward and Sunday School superintendent of the Methodist church at Boiling. Married: June 9, 1866-, Emma Rutledge, daughter of D. A. Rutledge. Children: 1. Bettie, m. J. H. Dunk lin; 2. William R.; 3. James Henry; 4. John J.; 5. Mary; 6. Emma; 7. Ruth, who was acci dentally shot and killed, July 26, 1889. Resi dence: Boiling. FLOWERS, JOHN J., planter, manufacturer and lumberman, was born October 3, 1837, in Fayette County, Ga., died April 7, 1905, in Jakin, Ga., where he had gone on business, and was buried in Montgomery; son of W. H. and Sarah T. (Thames) Flowers (q. v.). He received a practical education in the common schools of Georgia and in 1858 removed to Ala bama. Locating in Greenville, he formed a partnership with Mr. Thames engaging in the mercantile business. Three years later he withdrew from the partnership, and devoted his attention to farming for the next decade. In 1872, he moved to Boiling, becoming a mem ber of the lumber company of Milner, Caldwell and Flowers, of which he was general manager, secretary and treasurer. This firm was prac tically the pioneer lumber company of Alabama. He was the first postmaster of Boiling. During the administration of Gov. W. J. Samford he tendered the position of president of the con vict board to Mr. Flowers, which he decided to refuse after due consideration. He was espe- 590 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY cially interested in the promotion of union in Alabama Methodism for a great education sys tem. His conditional offer of $50,000 for the woman's college, Montgomery, was an inspira tion throughout the whole movement. Though he did not live to see his plans materialize, his widow and children were in full sympathy with the cause. They have built as a memorial to him the John J. Flowers memorial hall which was erected at a cost of $150,000 and which stands as an enduring monument to the man who encouraged and supported the education of young women in the South. Married: (1) April 11, 1861, to Kate, daughter of Sawyer Brooks; (2) in October, 1881, to Mrs. Lizzie (Hill) Brown, daughter of John G. Hill, of Griffin, Ga. Children: by first marriage, 1. May, m. Gen. R. E. Steiner (q. v.) ; 2. Sallie, m. Bernard Steiner; 3. Edward P., wholesale lumber dealer, m. Mary Ross; 4. William H., bookkeeper, E. P. Flowers & Co.; 5. Brooks, lumber dealer, Brooks Flowers lumber co., m. Lucy Bishop; 6. Marvin, deceased; by second marriage, 7. John J., paying teller, Capital na tional bank, m. Kate Nettles, of Montgomery; 8. Arthur H, member of Brooks Flowers lum ber co., m. Ailee Snyder. Last residence: Montgomery. FLOWERS,, W. H, lumber business, was born January 7, 1813, in Darlington District, S. C; son of Rev. Drury and Catherine (Sul livan) Flowers. His father was a native of South Carolina, born May 1, 1780; was a farmer by occupation, and for a number of years a preacher in the Methodist church, the interests of which religious body he was largely influential in promoting throughout many sec tions of the South; was married February 15, 1801; emigrated in 1826 to Georgia, settling in Jasper County; moved to Henry County, Ga., in 1833, and to Fayette County in 1844; emi grated to Alabama in 1859, settling in Randolph County, and died there during' the same year, his wife surviving him only a short time. Mr. Flowers was reared on a farm, and began life for himself as a farmer in his native state. Soon afterward he moved to Georgia, where he was married, and in 1840 moved to a farm in Fayette County. He devoted his time to his plantation there until he became a resi dent of Butler County in 1857. He lived for some years in Greenville, became engaged in the milling business in 1860, and eventually became the executive head of the firm of Mil ner, Caldwell & Flowers Lumber Company. He moved to Boiling in 1885. He was a Democrat, a member of the Methodist church, and a Mason. Married: January 5, 1837, in Henry County, Ga., Sarah T. Thomas, who died October 7, 1885, in Greenville, daughter of Rev. William Thames. Children: 1. John J. (q. v.); 2. Cas- sie, m. Charles H. Chandler; 3. Lizzie, m. A. Hamil; 4. William M.; 5. James D. (q. v.); 6. F. A., b. February 2, 1846, in Fayette County, Ga., moved to Butler County in 1857, farmed with his father two years, entered the lumber business first as sawyer for the lumber firm of Milner & Caldwell, in whose employ he continued until 1867, went to Bluff Springs, Fla., where he operated a saw mill for two years, for Evans & Tait, moved back to Ala bama in 1873, becoming a member of the firm of Milner, Caldwell & Flowers in Boiling, But ler County, m. March 4, 1869, Carrie Wood, daughter of J. S. Wood, a merchant of Green ville, children, Mamie and Maude; 7. Mary Ellen, d. in infancy; 8. Josephine, m. J. Reed; 9. Susie, deceased, m. Mr. Vinson; 10. Sarah, d. at the« age of fifteen; 11. Joseph H.; 12. Emma, m. Dr. Perry. Last residence: Boiling. FLOYD, CHARLES LEWIS, teacher, for many years a resident of Montgomery, was born January 27, 1858, at Forsyth, Monroe County, Ga.; son of Archibald Benton and Jane Elizabeth (Butler) Floyd, the former a soldier in the commissary department, C. S. Army. Prof. Floyd received his early education in the schools of Monroe County, and at Gordon in stitute, Barnesville, Ga.; graduated from the University of Georgia, A. B., 1878; taught for two years at Culloden, Ga.; opened a private school, 1881, in Atlanta, and after two success ful years entered the service of the Atlanta public schools; in 1889 removed to Montgomery and held the position of superintendent of the city schools until 1914. On retiring from school work Prof. Floyd returned to his old home. He is a Democrat and a Presbyterian. Mar ried: December 24, 1885, at Atlanta, Ga., to Rosa, daughter of John Alexander and Lucy (Smith) Bowie, of that place. No children. Residence: Forsyth, Ga. FLUKER, GEORGE, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Wilcox County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on February 11, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. FOLMAR, FELIX, business man, was born December 4, 1872, at Goshen Hill, Pike Coun ty; son of George Anderson and Sarah Emma (Walker) Folmar, the former merchant of Troy and Luverne; grandson of James and Mary Ann (Sikes) Folmar . (q. v.), and of Felix and Anne Eliza Walker, of Pike County. He recived his education in the public schools of Troy, among his teachers being George W. Macon, I. J. Doster, J. M. Dill and E. M. Shackelford; attended Marion institute, 1889, and the University of Virginia, 1889-90, but did not complete the graduate course. He read law in the office of Judge J. C. Richard son, Greenville, in 1896, was admitted to the practice in the supreme court of Alabama, January, 1897, and practiced for four years in Troy. He was elected senator from the 25th district, 1911. He is a Democrat; Metho dist; and Knight of Pythias. Married: De cember 3, 1893, at Luverne, to Mary, daughter of John Irving and Harriet (Cope) Coston of China Grove. Children: 1. Mildred; 2. Ellen DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 591 Davis; 3. Tomniie Coston; 4. Gordon Ander son; 5. John Halifax; 6. Harriet. Residence: Luverne. FOLMAR, JAMES, teacher, planter, mer chant and member constitutional convention, was bora February 8, 1822, at McGehee's Switch, Montgomery County, and died in Luverne, October 29, 1903; son of John Nicholas and Elizabeth (Lansdale) Folmar; grandson of Isaac Lansdale and nephew of Abraham Lansdale, the latter a member of the State legislature from Pike County, and both of whom were in the reception committee when Gen. Lafayette visited Montgomery. When a young man Mr. Folmar located in Pike County, where the present town of Goshen is situated, and engaged in teaching and later in planting. In 1876 he removed to Troy and for years was associated with his sons, George A. and W. B. Folmar, in the mercantile busi ness, and was mayor of the town. In 1892 he removed to Luverne, Crenshaw County, and was elected mayor of that town. Mr. Folmar was opposed to secession and used his influ ence to prevent the disruption of the Union. He was in favor of accepting President Lin coln's proposition to Alexander H. Stephens of Georgia for the cessation of war and the preservation of the Union. After the close of hostilities he made every possible effort looking to public tranquillity and was elected a delegate to the constitutional convention of 1867. He was a member of the Primitive Baptist church. Married: in Pike County, to Mary Ann Sikes. There were children to this union, among these, George A. and W. B. Last residence: Luverne. FONDE, GEORGE HEUSTIS, physician, graduate of the medical department of the Uni versity of Alabama, Mobile, 1897, licensed to practice, 1905. Residence: Mobile. FONTAINE, GEORGE PETER COSBY, Meth odist minister, was born June 30, 1836, near Choctaw Corner, Clarke County; son of Wil liam Maury and Elizabeth Garnett (Pearson) Fontaine, the former a native of Louisa County, Va., who served as quartermaster's sergeant and agent for the contractors in Mo bile during the War of 1812, taught school in Clarke County for several years, was justice of the peace, and farmed in Clarke County un til his death; grandson of Aaron and Barbara (Terrell) Fontaine, who lived at Louisville, Ky., and of John and Nancy (Leonard) Pear son, who moved from Wilkes County, Ga., to Clarke County in 1808, living for a while in one of the forts during an outbreak of the In dians. The Fontaines were introduced into this country by the great-grandparents of Rev. Fontaine. They were French Huguenots, who came to America under the revocation of the edict of Nantes, and settled in Virginia. Rev. Fontaine was educated in the common schools and academies of Clarke County. He taught for two years after leaving school; was elected justice of the peace, 1858-1860; joined the C. S. Army, serving as second lieutenant in the Grove Hill guards, State troops, in 1862, and as second lieutenant of Co. B, Thirty-eighth regiment, Alabama volunteer infantry in 1864. He merchandised after the close of the war; went into the Methodist itinerant ministry, being licensed to preach in 1881; and joined the Alabama conference in 1885. He served as tax assessor of Wilcox County, 1880-1884, while he was preaching on the Lower Peach Tree circuit. Rev. Fontaine is a Democrat, and was a member of the county executive committee during the reconstruction in Wilcox County. He is a Master and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: (1) January 29, 1860, Mar garet A. Dumas of Clarke County, daughter of Dr. Jeremiah E. and Isabella (Mclver) Dumas, who came from North Carolina to Alabama about 1835; (2) March 14, 1878, at Selma, Martha Duncan Miers, daughter of Pierson and Mary Elizabeth (Fowler) Miers, the former a soldier in the Mexican War. Chil dren: 1. Isabella Garnett, m. William B. Shamburger, Lower Peach Tree, Wilcox County; 2. Mary Caroline, m. Daniel McLean, jr., New Orleans, La.; 3. Owen Powers, m. Stella Hayney, Birmingham; 4. Ida Fannie, m. Jesse O. Warren, Opelika; 5. Maggie Ger trude, m. William Warren Johnson, Birming ham; 6. Paul Pearson, m. Georgia Buchanan, Montgomery; 7. Jessie Vernon, m. William Quincy Waite, Grove Mill; 8. Walter Kennon, m. Kate Barbee, Nashville, Tenn.; 9. George, jr., m. Willie Mclsaacs, Chattanooga, Tenn.; 10. Naome, Opelika; 11. Mary Louise McCurdy, Opelika. Residence: Opelika. FONVILLE, JOHN AVERETT, Missionary Baptist minister and planter, was born July 21, 1809, in Orange County, N. C, and died April 7, 1870, in Lowndes County; son of Rev. Frederick and Mary (Polly) Everet Fonville, the former a native of Craven County, N. C, who later lived upon his plantation in Orange County, author of several volumes of sermons and song books, copies of which owned by the family were destroyed by fire; grandson of Frederick Fonville of Craven County, N. C; great-grandson of John and Elizabeth (Brice) Fonville, the former a member of the colonial assembly of N. O, 1754 to 1760, representing Craven county; great-great-grandson of John Fonville, a French Huguenot who located with a colony of co-religionists first on the James River, Va., finally in North Carolina, where New Bern now stands. His brother Peter and family were killed in the Indian massacre of 1711. Rev. Mr. Fonville received a sound edu cation and entered upon the Baptist ministry in 1834, laboring in his calling in North Caro lina, South Carolina and Alabama. In the lat ter state served pastorates at Hickory Grove, Lowndes County, Greenville, Pine Level, Mid way, Orion, Mt. Lebanon and other churches of the section. He was too old to serve in the War of Secession, but contributed largely to the support of the cause, and gave three sons to the army. He was a large land owner and slave holder, the friend of education and la bored with the great Culpeper in the temper ance movement in its inception. He was a 592 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Democrat and a Mason. Author: Sermons and articles on temperance, ready for publication in book form were burned when his home was destroyed by fire. Married: in May, 1833, in Duplin County, N. C, to Rachel, daughter of Judge Gibson and Rachel (Bryan) Sloan of that place; granddaughter of Judge Kedar and Mary (Whitfield) Bryan of Sampson County, N. C, and of David and Margaret (Jones) Sloan, natives respectively, of Duplin and Hanover Counties, N. C, the former a Revolutionary soldier; great-granddaughter of Col. Needham and Nancy (Smith) Bryan of Johnston Coun ty, N. C, prominent in the Colonial, Revolu tionary and the War of 1812 periods, and of Joe and Margaret Sloan, of North Carolina; great-great-granddaughter of Needham and Annie (Rambeau) Bryan of Bertie County, N. C, the former a member of the Colonial as sembly of 1750-59, justice of the peace, sheriff and commissioner, and of Caleb and Nancy Jane Sloan of North Carolina; great-great- great-granddaughter of Marquis William and Lady Alice (Needham) Bryan of England, who settled in Isle of Wight County, Va.; and removed to Albemarle Sound in 1722, member of the Colonial assembly of North Carolina from Pasquotank County, high sheriff, Justice of the peace; and great-great-great-great-grand daughter of Lord Needham of Castle Kilmorey, Ireland. The Sloans were of Scotch-Irish de scent, having removed from Scotland to Ire land, thence to Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Duplin County, North Carolina. Children: 1. Mary Sloan; 2. Margaret Edna; 3. Susan Frances, m. Capt. Samuel Smith Stakely; 4. Frederick Gibson, Confederate soldier, lieuten ant and adjutant Co. B, 14th infantry regiment, killed in the battle of the Crater, before Peters burg, Va., July 1864; 5. John Culpeper (q v.) m. Florence Clifton; 6. Sarah Medora, m. Dr. Tillman Peurifoy Burgamy, of Birming ham; 7. James Bryan, physician, m. DoMsca Willingham, member of 17th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; 8. Col. William Drake ford (q. v.) m. Minnie Yancey, Tuscaloosa; 9. Atlanta Theodosia. Last residence: Lowndes County. FONVILLE, JOHN C, farmer, was born April 3, 1842, in Darlington District, S. C, and died in Crenshaw County; son of Rev. John A. and Rachael (Sloan) Fonville (q. v.). He was reared on the farm and received a good elementary education. In July, 1861, he en tered the Confederate Army as first sergeant, Co. B, 14th Alabama infantry regiment, Joined the 56th Alabama cavalry regiment in 1862 and participated in many hard fought campaigns. He was a member of President Jefferson Davis' escort from Greensboro, N. C. until he reached Washington, Ga., during the so called "flight" of the Confederate president at the capture of Richmond, April, 1865. In 1878-79, he repre sented Crenshaw County in the Alabama leg islature, and in 1892 was nominated on the Kolb ticket, for secretary of State, but was de feated. He was a Baptist and a Mason. Mar ried: in 1869, to Florence, daughter of Judge Caswell and Eliza Clifton, natives of Huntsville, and of Warrenton, N. C, respectively, the for mer a lawyer, at one time clerk of the supreme court of Mississippi, a position later held by his son. Children: there were several children born of this union. Last residence: Crenshaw County. FONVILLE, WILLIAM DRAKEFORD, teacher and college president, was born Octo ber 14, 1849, in Darlington, S. C; son of Rev. John Averett and Rachael (Sloan) Fonville (q. v.). He was graduated from Howard college, Marion, with the degrees of A. B. in 1873, and A. M. in 1875; was made tutor of Greek in his alma mater upon graduation, and in 1876 was elected to the chair of mathematics and ap pointed commandant of cadets with the rank of lieutenant colonel in the same institution. In 1878 he became superintendent of the Tus caloosa male high school; in 1883 he bought the Park high school property in Tuskegee, and the institution was chartered by the legislature under the name of the Alabama military in stitute. He was proprietor and superintendent of this school until 1900, when the buildings which he had erected at great expense were destroyed by fire. He removed to Mexico, Mo., to rebuild the Missouri military academy which had been burned in 1896. This school at once prospered and drew patronage from more than twenty states. It was chartered by the state and the superintendent was given the rank of Colonel. In 1911 Col. Fonville sold the school and accepted, in 1916, the presidency of the Alabama central female college, Tusca loosa. Married: September 18, 1883, to Mary Winn Yancey, of Richmond, Va. Residence: Tuscaloosa. FORBES, A. G., colonel and business man; officer of the Alabama State troops. He resided in Montgomery for a number of years and later removed to Birmingham, where he is manager of the Starr piano company. Residence: Birm ingham. FORBES, SHERMAN G., pioneer settler, was born 1813, in Canton, Conn., and died in 1876, at Sparta, Conecuh County; son of a native of Canton, Conn.; grandson of Abisha Forbes, a native of Scotland who emigrated to America and located at Canton, Conn., brother of Dr; Solomon Forbes (q. v.). Sherman G. Forbes removed to Alabama when a young man and located at Sparta; he was a clerk in a mercan tile establishment; postmaster of Sparta; clerk in land office; justice of peace for thirty years; tax assessor; clerk of circuit court, 1845-46; and revenue assessor after the War of Seces sion. He was a Democrat. Last residence: Sparta. FORBES, SHERMAN GUY, graduate of the Alabama polytechnic institute, with the B. S. degree, 1900; electrical superintendent in charge of power plant and electrical work at Gatun, Canal Zone, Panama. FORBES, SOLOMON S., physician, was born in 1827 in Canton, Conn.; son of a native of Canton, Conn.; brother of Sherman G. Forbes (q. v.). Dr. Forbes located at Sparta about MITCHELL B. HOUGHTON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 595 1852 and engaged in teaching. After six months he began the study of medicine under Dr. John Anderson, later attended the Union medical college, New York, from which he graduated. He began the practice of his profession at Sauk Rapids, Minn.; but soon returned to Ala bama and located, 1856, at Belleville. In 1872 he removed to Milton, Fla., where he continued the practice of medicine. He was a member of the State and county medical associations. FORD, ALGERNON SYDNEY, educator, was born December 19, 1880, at Troy; son of El- chana Gardner and Sarah Eliza (Culver) Ford, the former a native of Crawford Ga., reared in Mississippi, educated at Auburn, and a grad uate of the Charleston medical college, member of the 15th Mississippi regiment, C. S. Army, and served through the whole period of the war; grandson of James Ford and wife, Miss Sawyer, and of Levin Ellis and Frances Anne (Brodnax) Culver, of Culverton, Ga.; great- grandson of William B. and (Brookin) Brodnax. The Sawyers, Fords and Holstons, the latter being a related family on the paternal side came from South Carolina. The maternal ancestry came to Alabama from Virginia and Maryland. Among other progenitors was a Vivian, a lineal descendant of the noble Eng lish line. The Brodnax family is of English origin and traces back to France, through the Norman conquest. Mr. Ford graduated from the State normal school, Troy, 1900, and from Harvard university, with the A. M. degree, 1910, completing his Ph. D. in 1911. He was awarded the Price Greenleaf and Thayer schol arships, and the Francis Parkman traveling fellowship. He has taught in several schools in Alabama since 1900, and is now president of the 5th district agricultural school, Wetumpka. Author: an article "The pendular whip-lash il lusion " in the Psychological Review, and has lectured before the association of experimental psychologists at Cornell university. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; Knight of Pythias; and a member of the Sigma Alpha Ep silon college fraternity. Unmarried. Resi dence : Wetumpka. FORD, JONATHAN, member of the constitu tional convention of 1861, from Morgan County. FORMAN, WILLIAM SAMUEL, probate judge, was born September 14, 1851, at Beaver Valley, St. Clair County, and died January 5, 1913, at Springville; son of James and Par thenia (Dean) Forman, the former a native of South Carolina; grandson of William and Elizabeth (Owen) Forman, who came from England to Chester County, South Carolina, and moved to Alabama in 1833, and of Samuel and Parthenia (Edmunson) Dean, of Spring ville; great-grandson of Benjamin Edmunson, a lieutenant in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War, who served under Gen. Putnam in the siege at Boston, Mass., then under Gen. Muhlenberg, and finally under Anthony Wayne. He obtained his schooling in Springville, under the guidance of Mortimer Lovett and Peyton Montgomery; became a real estate dealer; was elected mayor of Spring ville; and represented St. Clair County in the State legislature three terms. He served as probate judge from January, 1900 until Jan uary, 1912, being twice the successful can didate in two of the fiercest campaigns in the history of the county. He was a Democrat, a deacon in the Cumberland Presbyterian church, president of the St. Clair Sunday School Association for years, and a Mason. Married: October 15, 1873, in Springville, Ella E. Wood, daughter of Jacob Ross and Betty (Buchanan) Wood, who lived at Ten Island, the former a first lieutenant in the Ninth Ala bama Battalion, infantry volunteers, C. S. Army; great-granddaughter of Zachariah White, who fought in the War of 1812. Chil dren: 1. Betty, m. Eugene Smith, resides at Sylacauga; 2. James Ross, lawyer, resides at Gadsden; 3. Nell, m. Borden Burr (q. v.), re sides at Birmingham; 4. William Samuel, re sides at Birmingham. Last residence: Spring ville. FORNEY, ALEXANDER BREVARD, law yer, was born September 15, 1819, in Lincoln County, N. C, and died in Hayneville, in 1848; son of Maj. Daniel Morgan and Harriet (Bre vard) Forney (q. v.). He graduated from the University of Alabama, A. M., 1838; took a law course at the University of Virginia; and in 1842 located at Hayneville for the practice; in 1847-48 represented Lowndes County in the legislature; in 1848 was solicitor for the 2nd judicial circuit, and died while performing the duties of this office. He was a Democrat. Un married. Last residence: Hayneville. FORNEY, DANIEL M., public official, was born May, 1784, in Lincoln County, N. C, and died October, 1847, in Lowndes County; son of Hon. Peter Forney, a soldier in the American Revolution and a representative in the Thir teenth U. S. congress. He was a major in the U. S. Army during the War of 1812; was elected representative from North Carolina in the Fourteenth Congress, and was reelected to the succeeding congress, but resigned his seat in that body in 1818. He was appointed a com missioner to treat with the Creek Indians by President Monroe in 1820; and was elected to the State senate, serving from 1823 until 1826. He moved to Alabama in 1834, and settled in Lowndes County, where he died thirteen years later. Last residence: Lowndes County. FORNEY, DANIEL P., major, 2nd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. FORNEY, GEORGE H., major and later lieu tenant colonel, 1st battalion, infantry, C. S. Army. FORNEY, JACOB, educator, was born Octo ber 8, 1868, at Jacksonville, Calhoun County, and died December 24, 1902, at Springville; son of Maj. Gen. John Horace and Septima Sexta Middleton (Rutledge) Forney, the former a native of Batley Forge, Lincoln County, N. C, who moved to Alabama with his family when six years old and settled at Jacksonville; grandson 596 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY of Jacob and Sabina Swope (Hoke) Forney, who lived at Jacksonville, and of Henry Adel- phus and Caroline Bell (Nicholson) Rutledge, who lived in Talladega County; great-grandson of Peter and Nancy (Abernathy) Forney, and of Daniel Hoke; great-great-grandson of Jacob and Maria (Bergner) Forney, the former the emigrant who first settled in Pennsylvania, where he was married, then moved to Tryon, and later to Lincoln County, N. C, the latter a native of Canton Berne, Switzerland. The Rutledges and Middletons are among the most honored names in the history of South Caro lina. His ancestors, Edward Rutledge and Ar thur Middleton, were signers of the Declara tion of Independence. Peter Forney was a patriot partisan officer in the War of the Revo lution, and his grandson, John Horace Forney, a graduate of West Point, 1852, was a major general in the C. S. Army. Prof. Forney re ceived his education in the schools of Jack sonville, and at the University of Alabama, where he was graduated in 1889, with the degree of A. B. He entered the profession of teach ing, and was principal of Noble institute for Boys at Anniston, 1891-1892; was president of the State normal school at Jacksonville, 1893- 1899; and was instructor in pedagogy and psychology at the University of Alabama from 1899, until his death in 1902. The honorary degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him in 1892 by the University of Alabama. He was a member of the Alabama Educational As sociation and was president of that associa tion, 1901-1902; served as an officer in the Third Alabama regiment, State militia, for some years; was a Democrat; a Protestant Episco palian; and a Woodman of the World. He was killed by the accidental discharge of a gun, December 24, 1902, while on a visit to the home of his wife's parents in Springville, during the Christmas holidays. Married: June 7, 1899, at Springville, to Katherine Burt McLaughlin, daughter of James Madison and Isadore (For man) McLaughlin, who lived at Springville, St. Clair County, the former a grandson of a Scotch emigrant to Nashville, Tenn., the latter a daughter of James Forman who came from Chester, S. C, in the early settlement of Ala bama, and located in Beaver Valley, St. Clair County. Children: 1. Caroline; 2. John Mc Laughlin. Last residence: University. FORNEY, JOHN HORACE, planter and ma jor general, C. S. Army, was born August 12, 1829, in Lincoln County, N. C, and died Sep tember 13, 1902, at Jacksonville; son of Jacob and Salina Swope (Hoke) Forney; brother of William Henry Forney (q v.). He entered school at the age of seven, studying under private tutors until his entrance into the U. S. military academy at West Point, in 1848, grad uated July 1, 1852, as brevet second lieutenant in the 7th infantry; promoted second lieu tenant, October 24, 1853; transferred to 10th infantry, March 3, 1855; promoted first lieu tenant, August 25, 1855; served in garrison in Kentucky and accompanied Col. A. S. Johnston on his expedition to Utah. He was instructor in tactics at West Point, in 1860, resigning Jan uary 23, 1861, in order to enter the C. S. Army. Governor Moore commissioned him colonel in the State forces upon his arrival in Montgomery, and sent him to Pensacola to take command. General Bragg when assigned to the command of the troops at and near Pen sacola, appointed Colonel Forney acting in spector-general. On June 4, 1861, when the 10th Alabama was organized, he was appointed and commissioned its colonel, proceeded to Virginia and assigned to the brigade of Gen. Kirby Smith, of which Colonel Forney was in command for three months after Manassas. He was wounded in the arm at Drainesville and received special commendation from Gen. J. E. B. Stuart. On March 10, 1862, Colonel Forney was commissioned brigadier-general and was ordered on April 2, by the secretary of war, to proceed to Mobile and report for duty to Major-General Jones, commanding, receiving the assignment, on July 2, to the command of the District of the Gulf. On October 27, 1862, he was commissioned major-general, and on December 14, relinquished the command of the District of the Gulf, in obedience to orders from department headquarters, to Brigadier- General Mackall. He was in command of a di vision in General Pemberton's army before and during the siege of Vicksburg, and relieved Ma jor-General Stevenson, on May 4, 1863, of the command of the Second military District of Vicksburg. General Forney reassumed the command of his division proper on May 17, and bore his full share in the defense of Vicks burg, where he, with all the other Confederate officers, surrendered and were exchanged July 13, 1863. General Forney assumed command of all exchanged and paroled prisoners at Enter prise, Miss., organizing these troops into two brigades. He assumed command of Demopolis, on February 13, 1864, with discretionary powers in the movement of troops and supplies across the river to the eastward. On May 6, 1864, he was ordered to proceed to Shreveport, La., where by the orders of Gen. Kirby Smith, he was placed in command of a division that had been under the command of Gen. John G. Walker, and who upon his return after several months service in the District of Texas, re lieved General Forney. He was in command of a division under General Magruder at the close of the war. He returned to Alabama and re sumed his planting interests. Married: Febru ary 5, 1863, in Talladega County, to Septinia Sexta Middleton, daughter of Henry Adolphus and Caroline Bell (Nicholson) Rutledge, of Tennessee and Talladega; great-great-grand daughter of Henry Middleton, one of the four teen continental presidents and whose son Arthur Middleton, and son-in-law, Edward Rut ledge, were signers of the Declaration of Inde pendence. Children: 1. Emma Rutledge; 2. Henry Fogg; 3. Jacob; 4. Mary Caroline; 5. Sa bina Swope, m. Macon A. Stevenson, Jackson ville; 6. Annie Rowan, m. Clarence W. Dougette (q. v.); 7. Kathleen Theresa. Last residence: Jacksonville. FORNEY, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer, repre sentative in Congress, and brigadier general, C. S. Army, was born November 9, 1823, at DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 597 Lincolnton, N. C, and died January 16, 1894, at Jacksonville; son of Jacob and Sabina Swope (Hoke) Forney, the former a native of Lincoln County, N. C, who removed to Ala bama in 1835, and settled in Jacksonville; brother of Lieut. Col. George Hoke Forney, of the 1st Confederate battalion, who fell at the battle of the Wilderness, and of Maj. Gen. John Horace Forney (q. v.) ; grandson of Gen. Peter and Nancy (Abernathy) Forney, the former a native of Lincoln County, N. C, a soldier and patriot of the Revolution, com manding a partisan corps, member of North Carolina house of commons, 1794-96, and of the State senate, 1801-02, representative in congress, 1813-15, elector during the presidential cam paigns of Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, and Jackson, associated with a company in the mak ing of iron, later purchasing lands on Leeper Creek, commenced business on his own ac count and whose home, "Mount Welcome," was noted for its hospitality, and of Daniel and Barbara (Ramseur) Hoke, also of Lincoln County; great-grandson of Jacob and Maria (Bergner) Forney, the former a native of France, left an orphan at the age of four, went to Amsterdam in youth, and delighted by the accounts of the new world soon set sail for America, located in Pennsylvania where he was employed until reaching the age of ma turity, returned to Germany in order to pro cure a small legacy, again locating in Pennsyl vania, but remained there only about two years, removed to Carolina, settled in Lincoln County about 1754, where he had many en counters with the Cherokee Indians, and dur ing the Revolution was a strong and zealous Whig, though too old to bear arms, and in consequence suffered great loss at the hands of the Tories, his wife an emigrant from the Can ton of Berne, in Switzerland, who sailed on the same vessel with her husband on his re turn voyage from Germany and married shortly after their arrival in Pennsylvania; great-great- grandson of Jacob Forney, a French Hugue not who fled to Alsace on the Rhine, at the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, remaining there until his death. William H. Forney re moved to Alabama with his parents in 1835, locating in Calhoun1, then Benton County. He graduated from the University of Alabama in 1844, with the A. B. degree later studying law in the office of his brother, Capt. D. P. Forney, in Jacksonville. He enlisted in Col. John R. Coffee's 1st Alabama volunteers, for the Mex ican War, and served as a lieutenant in the siege of Vera Cruz. Returning to his home at the expiration of his service of twelve months, he resumed the study of law under T. A. Walker; was admitted to the bar in 1848, and formed a partnership with James B. Mar tin of Talladega. He represented Calhoun County in the State legislature in 1859; en tered the Confederate service as captain of a company in the 10th Alabama infantry regi ment, which was organized June 4th, and was at the seat of war in Virginia on July 3, 1861. In its first engagements at Drainesville he was wounded in the leg and on the following day was commissioned major. On March 16, 1862, he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel. He was under fire at Yorkstown and was severely wounded in the right shoulder at Williams burg. While a patient in William and Mary college, he was captured and held a prisoner for four months. He found on his return to his regiment that he had become colonel by the death of his brother-in-law. Col. John J. Woodward. His regiment bore an active part in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancellors ville, and at Salem Church, where he was slightly wounded in the leg. At Gettysburg he received flesh wounds in the arm and chest, his right arm was shattered, and a third of a heel bone was carried away by a shell. He was taken prisoner by the enemy, and this time was held for thirteen months. Colonel Forney while a prisoner in Fort Delaware was one of the fifty officers selected to be placed on Mor ris' Island within range of the Confederate batteries, was later brought to Port Royal for the same purpose, but the matter was ad justed and the prisoners were exchanged. He commanded the 10th Alabama infantry regi ment, August 31, 1864, in the organization of the Army of Northern Virginia. On February 23, 1865, he was made brigadier-general, to take rank from February 15, and surrendered with General Lee at Appomattox. He re turned to Jacksonville, resumed the prac tice of law, and was elected a member of the legislature from Calhoun County, 1865. He was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth congress and to the eight succeed ing Congresses, serving from March 4, 1875, to March 3, 1891. Married: October 4, 1854, to Mary Eliza, daughter of E. L. Woodward, a mer chant of Calhoun County. Children: 1. Mary, m. R. J. Baker, of Baltimore, Md.; 2. Fannie; 3. George, graduate of the University of Alabama, A. B., 1887, m. Jessie D. Groverman, of Tiget Bay, Fla.; 4. Ida; 5. John Cortlan, graduate University of Alabama, A. B., and A. M., 1893, LL. B., 1894, m. Anne Lee Bonholzer, of Bir mingham. Last residence: Jacksonville. FORRESTER, BENJAMIN ALBERT, mer chant, was born April 28, 1843, in Beaufort County, S. C; son of Henry Allen and Lucy A. (Knight) Forrester, both natives of Beau fort County, S. C. He enlisted in April, 1861, and served as a private in the 37th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. He was a mem ber of the legislature of 1898-99, and was post master of Cowarts for twenty years. He was elected to the State senate in November, 1906. He is a Democrat, and a Baptist. Married: December 4, 1865, in Henry County, to Rebecca Ann, daughter of Emanuel and Margaret (Crosby) Autley, the former a Confederate sol dier who fell mortally wounded at Vicksburg. Children: 1. Theodosia, m. James Folkes; 2. Reading Beacham, m. Willie Crozier; 3. Stir ling S., m. Mattie Jester; 4. Vincent T., m. (1) Tip Beall, (2) Mary Moore; 5. Oliver Allen, m. Jessie Guest; 6. Escenlth, m. George Pilcher; 7. Harvie G.; 8. Whitfield R.; 9. Fernando Copeland; 10. Fred F.; 11. Libbie Ella; 12. S. Otto. Residence : Cowarts. 598 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY FORRESTER, GEORGE, member of the con stitutional conventions of 1861, and of 1865, from Randolph County. FORSYTH, JOHN, editor and public official, was born October 31, 1812, in Augusta, Ga., and died May 2, 1879, in Mobile; son of Gov. John Forsyth, Georgia statesman, who was attorney-general and Governor of Georgia, a member of congress for fifteen years, minister to Spain where he negotiated the cession of Florida, and secretary of state of the United States for six and a half years during the ad ministrations of Jackson and Van Buren; grandson of Robert Forsyth, an Englishman who came to America in colonial times, served in Washington's army during the revolution, and was killed by Rev. Beverly Allen, whom, as federal marshal, he had under arrest in Augusta, Ga. Mr. Forsyth spent two years in Madrid, Spain, with his father when he was a boy; was educated abroad and at Princeton university, from which institution he was grad uated as valedictorian of his class in 1832. He studied law, and in 1834 was admitted to the bar of Augusta, Ga. He at once located in Co lumbus, Ga., to practice law, but came to Mobile the next year. He was soon after appointed United States attorney for the southern dis trict of Alabama. After the death of his father in 1841, he returned to Georgia, remaining there twelve years, planting, practicing law and editing the Columbus "Times." During the Mexican War he served as adjutant of the First Georgia regiment. Returning to Mobile in 1853, he built lumber mills on the island in front of the city, which were destroyed by fire before they were completed. Following this loss, Mr. Forsyth returned to journalism, purchasing the Mobile "Register" from T. San ford. In 1856 he was appointed by President Pierce minister to Mexico. He reached the capitol in October, remained there two years, and resigned because of non-support of his policy by the Washington authorities. His whole time was spent in the effort to get sat isfaction for the imprisonments, murders, and confiscations practiced upon his countrymen by Mexican authorities. In 1859, he repre sented Mobile in the State legislature, and the following year was elected mayor of Mobile. He was a delegate to the Charleston conven tion in 1860, and supported Stephen A. Douglas for president. Soon after the Confederacy was formed, President Davis appointed Mr. Foysyth, ex-Gov. Roman of Louisiana, and the Hon. Martin J. Crawford of Georgia peace com missioners to Washington. During the war, Mr. Forsyth served for a time on the staff of Gen. Bragg, but his most efficient service was rendered by his writings at that time and through the period of reconstruction. He was appointed mayor of the city by Gov. Parsons, and about the same time received a strong sup port for federal senator. Married: a Miss Hull of Georgia. Children: 1. Col. Charles, deceased, who commanded the Third Alabama infantry, C. S. Army during the War of Se cession; 2. Col. Robert, an officer in the C. S. Army. Last residence: Mobile. FORSYTH, ROBERT C, lieutenant colonel, 1st battalion Alabama artillery, C. S. Army. FORT, WILLIAM EDWARDS, lawyer, jurist, was born April 8, 1875, near Keyser, Robeson County, N. C; son of James Wilson and Mary Elizabeth (Mims) Fort, the former a native of Darlington, Darlington County, South Caro lina, planter, merchant and manufacturer, served in the artillery branch of the Confed erate army, afterwards removed to North Car olina and in 1886 to Early County, Georgia; grandson of Josiah Albert and Anne (Kirven) Fort, of Darlington, the former a planter, and of James Sessions and Sarah (Mclver) Mims, of Greenville, South Carolina, the former pro fessor in the Southern theological seminary, and Baptist minister. The Kirvens were orig inally from Dublin, Ireland. Judge Fort re ceived his primary education in the graded schools of Fayetteville, N. C, and in Cedar Springs academy, Georgia, and Blakely insti tute, Blakely. He attended college at Mercer university, Macon, Ga., from 1902 to 1904, where he won distinction for general excellence and oratory in his junior year; attended the Columbia law school, now George Washington university, 1904 to 1906, and graduated with the degree of B. L., having also won the first debaters' prize in his senior year. He located in Dallas, Tex., in 1896, where he practiced his profession for two years and served as assistant county attorney. In 1899 he removed to Birmingham, where he has since resided. In January, 1907, he was named private sec retary by Governor Comer, and in 1909 was given the appointment of judge of the criminal court of Jefferson County to fill an unexpired term. In the election following he was de feated, but was elected for a six year term in the regular election of 1912. He is an Epis copalian; a Democrat; Mason; Knight of Pythias; Red Man. Married: October 22, 1904, at Baltimore, Md., Mary Adele, daughter of George Roberts and Mary Adele (Robertson) Brooks, and the granddaughter of Nathan and Mary (Gohrecht) Brooks, all of Maryland. Children: 1. William E., jr.; 2. Adele; 3. Ro bertson Mims. Residence: Birmingham. FORWOOD, SAMUEL, was born in May, 1799, about twenty-five miles from Baltimore, near the Susquehanna River, not far from the Pennsylvania line; son of John Forwood, who represented his county in the Maryland legis lature for seventeen consecutive terms. He visited the west in 1824, looking for a favorable location to establish a merchandising busi ness, but thought Ohio too far from market. Next, he travelled over the southeast, and, fancying the navigable rivers of Alabama, came to Claiborne, and in 1826 began to sell goods in what has become a part of Clarke County, establishing a store in Suggsville. In 1831, Col. Forwood bought the Murphy estate at Gosport, the landing, and the lands of the Wig gins estate, which had been university land. He opened a store and built a warehouse on the landing, making that place his home. He visited Maryland in 1835, and the next year moved to Gosport Retreat. In 1839 and 1840, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 599 he represented Clarke County in the State leg islature; was a member of the state constitu tional convention in 1865, and of the legislature in 1876. The War of Secession swept away all of Col. Forwood's property except his landed estate. Married: in 1834, Miss Morriss, daugh ter of John Morriss. Children: four sons, one of whom married a daughter of S. Coale, one married a daughter of Judge H. W. Coate; Dr. W. S. Forwood, of Darlington, Md., is author of a volume on the Mammoth Cave of Ken tucky, published in 1870; and one of the younger sons engaged in mining in 1879, at Crescent Butte, out from Denver, Colo. Last residence: Gosport Retreat, Clarke County. FOSHEE, JAMES M., lumberman and mem ber of the constitutional convention, 1901, was born December 18, 1855, at Andalusia, Coving ton County; son of David J. and Mary L. (Bar row) Foshee, who lived at Andalusia. He was educated in the common schools. He is en gaged in the saw mill and lumber manufactur ing business, most of his products being ex ported. He was a member of the constitutional convention of 1901, from • Conecuh County. Married: February 3, 1881, at Humbert, to Isa bella C. Harper. Residence: Evergreen. FOSTER, AGNESS GREENE, author and lecturer, was born December 6, 1863, at Athens; daughter of John and Mary (Stuart) Greene; and granddaughter of Lady Agness Stuart, of Belfast, Ireland. Mrs. Foster received her early education in the public schools of Still water, Minn., attended the College of oratory, Jacksonville, 111., Woman's department of belles lettres, Trinity college, Dublin, and Mile. Pi- quot's finishing school, Blois, France. She was the pioneer in writing personal messages in card form, which have become so popular to send to friends on holidays. Author: "By the way," 1903; "Promises," 1905; "Answers." 1906: "My wish for you," 1906; "The weaving of life's fabric," 1907; "You and some others," 1907; "Life," 1907; "Blessings," 1910; "A king's birthday"; "A royal road"; "Eyes of a child"; "Christmas chimes"; "Alpha and Omega"; "Love is best," 1915; also songs, "You," 1904, and "God bless you, dear," 1910. Married: August 30, 1886, at Stillwater, Minn., to Will iam Clarence Foster, of that place. Resi dence: Chicago, 111. FOSTER, ARTHUR, lawyer and president State bank, was born about 1794, in Columbia County, Ga., and died about 1851, in Tusca loosa; son of John and Elizabeth (Savidge) Foster; brother of Hardy Foster (q. v.). He was educated and trained in the law, and be came noted by his published digest of the laws of Georgia, in whose senate he served several terms before he removed to Tuscaloosa County. After locating there, he was elected president of the State bank, which was in process of liquidation, but required a legally trained offi cer. In 1847 he was elected judge of the Tus caloosa county court, which position he held at the time of his death. Unmarried. Last residence : Tuscaloosa. FOSTER, ARTHUR BORDERS, lawyer, member Alabama legislature, register in chan cery, was born October 19, 1872, at Clayton, Ala.; son of John Arthur and Mary (Borders) Foster; grandson of A. H. and Mary (Lee) Borders, of LaGrange, Ga. His education was received in the schools of Clayton, and he entered the University of Alabama, 1887, from which he graduated 1890, with the degree of A. B. ; in 1891 he graduated in the law de partment of that institution with the degree of LL. B. and was admitted to the practice at Troy, that same year; register in chancery, 1892-98; representative in the legislature, 1902; appointed circuit judge, by Gov. Charles Hen derson in 1916. He is a Democrat; Mason; Woodman of World; and a Baptist. Married: November 21, 1894, to Jessie, daughter of C. N. and Jessie B. (Key) Simpson, of Cuthbert, Ga. Children: 1. Arthur Key; 2. Martha. Resi dence: Troy. FOSTER, BENJAMIN O, hotel man, was bora October 30, 1790, in South Carolina, and died October 29, 1871, at Tallahatta Springs. He removed from South Carolina to Clarke County about 1817 residing near Suggsville. In 1840, he removed to Bashi, later he took charge of Tallahatta Springs, a noted health resort of its day. Children: 1. Benjamin C. jr., died in the Confederate service; 2. Mrs. P. Davis; 3. Mrs. W. Danzie; 4. Mrs. J. M. Finch; 5. Mrs. H. Hurd; 6. Mrs. T. Shields. 7. Mrs. S. H. Barnwell. Last residence: Tallahatta Springs. FOSTER, DAVID L., physician, was born October 27, 1831, at Monticello, Ga., and died September 9, 1891, at Tuscaloosa; son of John L. S. and Susan (Hollifield) Foster (q. v.) ; grandson of John and Elizabeth (Savidge) Fos ter. He was brought by his parents at an early age to Tuscaloosa where he was prepared for college. He graduated in 1853 at the Uni versity of Alabama; studied medicine at the Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia, where he received the degree of M. D. in 1857. He commenced the practice of medicine in Mobile; in 1860, returned to Tuscaloosa where he lo cated; was elected surgeon of the University, in 1877, which position he held until his death. He was a member of the State medical society and the board of health of Tuscaloosa; a Knight Templar; and a Baptist. Married: De cember 14, 1864, at Foster's, to Maria Bealle of Maryland. There were four children, among these: 1. Glenn, m. Julia Martin. Last resi dence : Tuscaloosa. FOSTER, FELIX W., farmer, merchant and lumber man, was born March 12, 1845, in Union County, S. C; son of Rev. W. S. and Jane (Hancock) Foster, who removed to Cherokee County, Ga., 1852; great-grandson of Dr. Han cock, a native of England, who emigrated to South Carolina and was one of the original importers of negro slaves into that colony. Mr. Foster's education was obtained in the schools of his community and at an early age he entered the Confederate service as member 600 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY of Co. E, Cobb's Georgia legion of cavalry; served through the war; surrendering at Greensboro, N. C, 1865. He farmed and mer chandised, removing for a while to Mississippi. In 1882 he located in Anniston and engaged in the real estate business, changing to the lum ber business in 1885, and in 1888 he was elected mayor of Anniston. He is a Mason and a Methodist. Married : August 10, 1885, to Emma, daughter of Major T. D. Evans. Children: 1. Minnie G.; 2. Mattie B.; 3. Thomas W.; 4. Jennie J.; 5. Emmet E.; 6. Ella May. Resi dence: Tarsus, near Anniston. FOSTER, GEORGE W., physician, was born December 19, 1856, in Jackson County; son of T. Boyd and Sarah Mumford (Mason) Fos ter, of Virginia, the former a civil engineer and surveyor of Jackson County for forty years. Dr. Foster was half-brother to William and Samuel C, who were killed in the Confederate defense of Atlanta; also of Thomas T., who lost a leg in the battle of Peach Tree Creek. He was educated in the public schools, finishing in the Austin academy of Stevenson. He studied medicine under Dr. William Mason of Jackson County and graduated from Vander bilt university, 1882. He located in Stevenson, and has practiced his profession there since. He is a member of the Alabama State, Tri- State, and the Jackson County medical socie ties. He is a Mason and a Cumberland Pres byterian. Married: December 5, 1883, to Jen nie Graham, daughter of F. J. Graham. Chil dren: 1. Mary; 2. Sarah; 3. Jennie. Residence: Stevenson. FOSTER, GURDON ROBINSON, Presbyte rian minister, was born February 6, 1827, at Claiborne. Monroe County, and died October 26, 1887, Tuskegee; son of Charles Orn Foster, a native of Wrentham, Mass., who lived at Boston until after his marriage to a Miss Lenon, then moved tp Alabama. His paternal grandfather was an Englishman, who mar ried Lenoira Hall, and came to America, set tling in Sumter District, S. C. His mother's father, Capt. Lenoir, was an Englishman, and his wife was a French Huguenot. They lived at Lenoir, N. C. Rev. Foster was prepared in the high schools of Alabama; was graduated from Oglethorpe university, A. B., 1848, with first honors; and from the theological course at Columbia theological seminary, South Caro lina, 1851. He was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of east Alabama in the fall of 1851; served as pastor of the Prattville and We tumpka churches until 1871, when he was chosen evangelist of the East Alabama Presby tery; and continued the work of evangelist until November, 1880, when he was appointed superintendent of the Orphans' Home, by the Synod of Alabama, the home then being located at Tuskegee. He was superintendent of the home at the time of his death in 1887, and had been a minister of the gospel for thirty- six years. Married: December 1, 1858, near Dadeville, Tallapoosa County, Annie Elizabeth Slaughter, daughter of John Robins and Tem perance (Harris) Slaughter, who lived near Dadeville, the former of Irish descent, the lat ter of Scotch. Her maternal grandfather was a Colonel in the Revolutionary Army. Chil dren: 1. Laura Amelia, m. Rev. M. Kirkpatrick, Memphis, Tenn.; 2. Harriett Cooper, m. W. M. Jones, Talladega; 3. John Harris, deceased; 4. William Clark Coolidge, m. Marget E. Flow, Barium Springs, N. C; 5. Gurdon Robin son, m. Irene Burt, Talladega; 6. Margaret Holman, deceased; 7. Alfred Slaughter, m. Elise Whitner, Sanford, Fla.; 8. Theron Rice, de ceased; 9. James Hazen, New Orleans. Last residence: Tuskegee. FOSTER, HARDY, planter, was born May 29, 1792, in Columbia County, Ga., and died August 18, 1848, at Foster's, Tuscaloosa County; son of John and Elizabeth (Savidge) Foster of Georgia; grandson of Arthur and Martha (Collier) Foster of Southampton County, Va., and of Lovelace and Elizabeth (Harris) Sav idge, of Columbia County, Ga. He was edu cated in the schools of his community. In 1820, he removed to Tuscaloosa County and be came one of the frontier settlers. In 1848, he became a leader in the first temperance move ment in Alabama, joining, "Grant's Creek Divi sion, No. 105, Sons of Temperance" October, 1848. He was a Whig and a Baptist. Married: August 12, 1813, to Elizabeth 'Wyatt, daughter of Joshua and Nancy Wyatt (Collier) Hill, of Abbeville, S. C, the former a Revolutionary soldier. Children: 1. William; 2. James Col lier, m. Jane E. Ware; 3. Sarah, m. E. C. Mor ris; 4. Susan; 5. Martha, m. Thomas Jefferson Hill; 6. Robert Hill, m. Mary Mobley; 7. Joshua W., m. Sarah E. Jordan; 8. Elizabeth; 9. Mary Ellen, d. in infancy; 10. Augusta; 11. Mary Ellen. Last residence: Foster's. FOSTER, HENRY BACON, lawyer, judge of County court and member Alabama legisla ture, was born May 9, 1863, at "Glenwood," Tuscaloosa County; son of Rev. Joshua Hill and Frances Cornelia (Bacon) Foster (q. v.) ; nephew of John Collier Foster (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Tuscaloosa and graduated from the academic department of the University of Alabama in 1882, with the de gree of A. M., and from the law department, 1884, with the degree of LL. D. He was county solicitor, 1896-90, 1901-03; mayor, Tuscaloosa, 1890-92; member of the legislature, 1898-99, 1900-01; was appointed judge of the law and equity court of Tuscaloosa County to suc ceed Judge J. J. Mayfleld, resigned, in 1903 and later was elected to that position. He was elected judge of the 6th judicial circuit subsequently, and still holds that office. Judge Foster was active in the military affairs of the Alabama national guard during 1886-98. He served as a major during the Spanish-Ameri can War. He is a Baptist; Democrat; Knight of Pythias; Odd Fellow; Elk; and Woodman of the World. Married: July 24, 1895, in Tus caloosa, to Jennie, daughter of Dr. William and Sallie (Hayes) Hester of that place. Chil dren: 1. Henry Bacon, jr., officer of the Euro pean War, m. February, 1917, in San Antonio, Texas, Helen Driscoll of New York, one child, residence Tuscaloosa; 2. William Joshua; 3. Sallie Olivia. Residence: Tuscaloosa. GEORGE A. BEAUCHAMP DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 603 FOSTER, IRA ROE, state senator, physician, lawyer and planter, was born January 13, 1811, on the Tiger River, Spartanburg County, S. C. and died November 19, 1885, at Gadsden; son of Ransom and Nancy (Foster) Foster, the for mer a native of Amelia County, Va., who later lived at Spartanburg, S. C, and in Georgia, a soldier of the War of 1812; grandson of Col. Isham and Jane Hollenberry (Hawkins) Fos ter of Spartanburg, S. C. Dr. Foster was edu cated in schools of his native state and acquired sufficient knowledge at an early age to teach school. Through this means he secured the funds with which to study medicine, which profession he practiced successfully. In 1841 he was granted a license to practice law by the superior court of Cherokee County, Ga. He served in the legislature of Georgia and was senator in Alabama after his removal to this State, holding that office at the time of his death. In 1836, during the Seminole Indian War in Florida, he served as colonel of a regi ment of mounted infantry. He was seriously wounded and carried fifty miles on a stretcher. In 1842, as a member of the Second brigade, Sev enth division Georgia militia, he was appointed aide-de-camp to the commander-in-chief with the rank of colonel. In 1844 he was appointed by the governor of Georgia, George W. Crawford, brigadier general, Independent brigade, Seventh division. At the outbreak of the War of Seces sion he placed himself at the service of the Con federacy and was appointed quartermaster general by Gov. Joe Brown of Georgia, and looked after the wants of the soldiers of that state with devoted interest. Early in 1865, after the surrender he went to Virginia to distribute clothing to the Georgia troops, was taken pris oner but soon released and appointed by Gen. Wilson, U. S. Army, to collect all Confederate States mules, horses, wagons, all supplies and to distribute them to the families of the desti tute in Georgia. From Atlanta he removed to Dodge County, Ga., where he practiced law, but on account of his health again removed and located in Gadsden in 1874, where he had made extensive investments in lands some years previous. Married: (1) October 9, 1842, in Cumming, Forsyth County, Ga., to Mildred Arthur Creighton Crooks, widow of Robert Haynes, and daughter of Andrew and Sarah (Barber) Crooks of Rutherford, N. C. Andrew Crooks was born in Ireland in 1775. His mother was a Creighton. His wife was the daughter of James and Mildred (Arthur) Bar ber, who lived near Monticello, Va., the former a soldier of the Revolutionary war. The Creightons were originally from Scotland. Children: 1. Amalthea C, m. (1) Arthur C. Page of New Hampshire at Eastman, Ga., in 1873, and (2) in 1886, to J. J. Foster of Ala bama; 2. Eryclina P., m. O. H. Alford of Griffin, Ga., and later removed to Alabama; 3. Nannie C, m. Albert M. Ayers of Macon, Ga., later Guntersville; Marcus L., m. (1) Mary A. Kyle, of Gadsden, and (2) Willie Sampler, Gadsden. Last residence: Gadsden. FOSTER, J. H., member of the constitutional convention of 1861, from Macon County. Vol. m— 39 FOSTER, J. S., Methodist minister; member of the North Alabama conference; living in 191o. FOSTER, J. T., member of the constitutional convention of 1875, from the twenty-third dis trict. FOSTER, JAMES HENRY, lawyer and su perintendent of city schools, was born Octo ber 17, 1862, at Foster, Tuscaloosa County, and died October 16, 1919, in Tuscaloosa; son of John Collier and Georgia Ann (Maharry) Fos ter (q. v.) ; brother of John Manly Foster (q. v.). He received his early education in the neighborhood schools of his native place and graduated from Howard college with the A. B. degree, in 1883, and from the law depart ment of the University of Alabama, 1887. He practiced that profession at Ft. Payne and at Tuscaloosa, but in 1894 was elected superin tendent of the city schools of Tuscaloosa and thereafter devoted his entire time to that po sition. He was a Democrat and a Baptist. Married: (1) April 26, 1892, in Los Angeles, Calif., to Alida S., daughter of A. S. and Mary C. Van de Graff; (2) December 26, 1899, at Tuscaloosa, to Mary Adair, daughter of Dr. William Allen and Ann (Coleman) Cochrane, of that place. Children: by the first wife, 1. Frances; 2. John Collier; by the second wife, 3. Elizabeth: 4. Jeannette; 5. Robert Nicholls; 6. Walter Manly; 7. Edward Lee; 8. Mary Adair. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. FOSTER, JOHN, member of constitutional convention 1865, chancellor of the northern division, was born in Troy, N. Y„ in 1818, and died about 1880 in Jacksonville, Benton County. His mother was a Miss Huntington. He was a graduate of Williams college, Mass., and read law under his uncle, Samuel G. Huntington, judge of the circuit court of New York Im mediately after he was admitted to the bar, 1838, he removed to Georgia and in a short while came to Alabama and located in Jack sonville. He began the practice of law with Hon. William B. Martin; was defeated for the legislature in 1843; elected chancellor of the northern division, 1856, re-elected 1862; ap pointed chancellor by Gov. Lewis Parsons serv ing until December 1865; elected as a delegate to the constitutional convention of 1865. He afterwards formed a partnership with Gen. W. H. Forney. Married: near Atlanta, to Matilda Scott. Children: 1. Anna, m. L. W. Grant Last residence: Jacksonville. FOSTER, JOHN, Presbyterian minister- mentioned in Nail's "Dead of the Synod of Alabama," 1851. FOSTER JOHN A., Presbyterian minister, living in 1913. Residence: Birmingham. FOSTER JOHN ARTHUR, lawyer and jurist, was born November 11, 1828, in Jasper County Ga and died January 1894, at Clayton; son of John L. S. and Susan (Hollifield) Foster 4q'r7'l; He was P"vately instructed by Rev. E. B. Teague and fitted for college, graduating 604 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY from the University of Alabama, 1847. He began the study of law with Judge Harry I. Thornton, of Eutaw; taught school in Missis sippi, 1849-55; made president of the Southern female college, La Grange, Ga., 1855-59; and removed to Clayton, where he was admitted to the bar. In 1861, he enlisted in Co. G, 29th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. While acting as colonel of his regiment, December 1864, he and his entire command were captured at Nashville and held prisoners until the close of the war. He resumed the practice of law and in 1875 was a delegate to the State con stitutional convention; made a trustee of the university, 1876-78; represented Barbour County in the legislature, 1878-80; made chan cellor of the Southern division of Alabama, 1880. The honorary degree of LL. D. was con ferred on him by the Alabama polytechnic in stitute, 1883. He was a Democrat; a Mason; a Knight Templar; and a Baptist. Married: (1) December 1849, to Mary Webb; (2) May 11, 1858, to Mary Borders of La Grange, Ga. Children by first wife: 1. John Webb (q. v.) ; 2. Emma, m. John Toole, of La Grange, Ga.; chil dren by second wife: 3. Mary, m. Dr. William Robinson; 4. Pearl; 5. Arthur Borders. Last residence : Clayton. FOSTER, JOHN COLLIER, planter and min ister, was born April 10, 1813, in Columbia County, Ga., and died July 23, 1892 at Tusca loosa; son of James and Mary Eleanor (Hill) Foster; grandson of John and Elizabeth (Sav idge) Foster of Georgia formerly of South ampton, Va., and of Joshua and Nancy Wyatt (Collier) Hill of Abbeville, S. C; brother of Rev. Joshua Hill Foster (q. v.). He was edu cated in the schools of Tuscaloosa; attended the University of Alabama for a term. He became a planter, then a Baptist minister, and was pastor of the Grant's Creek Baptist church for nearly fifty years. He was a Whig, but later joined the Democratic party. Married: (1) in 1839, to Emma T. Prince; (2) in 1847, to Georgia Ann, daughter of Joseph Pigott and Mary A. (Barron) Maharry of Augusta, Ga. Children: 1. Mary Ellen, m. Dr. A. B. C. Nich- olls; 2. G. Augusta; 3. Mollie A., m. E. R. King; 4. Fannie F.; 5. John Manly (q. v.); 6. James Henry (q. v.), m. (1) Alida Van de Graff; (2) Mary Cochrane; 7. Josephine, m. Walter Pat ton; 8. Stella. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. FOSTER, JOHN L. S., merchant, manufac turer, was born in 1800, in Columbia County, Ga., and died in 1875 in Tuscaloosa; son of John and Elizabeth (Savidge) Foster, of Geor gia; brother of Hardy Foster (q. v.), and of Robert S. Foster (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of Georgia. In 1833, he removed from Georgia to Tuscaloosa County, where he engaged in merchandis ing and manufacturing; from 18 62-65, he manufactured hats for the Confederate Army. He was a Baptist. Married: in 1821, to Susan Hollifield, of Jasper County, Ga. Chil dren: 1. Elizabeth, m. Harry Foster; 2. John Arthur (q. v.), m. (1) Mary Webb, (2) Mary Borders; 3. Martha, m. Rev. T. P. Crawford, Baptist missionary to China; 4. David L., phy sician, m. Maria Bealle; 5. Jesse Green; 6. Sara, m. Dr. Glen Montgomery; 7. Susan, m. W. H. Pace of Georgia. 8. Robert Savidge, physician, m. Amanda Paschal; 9. Ezra, m. Lou- ella Paschal. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. FOSTER, JOHN MANLY, lawyer, was born November 5, 1860, at Foster's, Tuscaloosa County; son of John Collier and Georgia Ann (Maharry) Foster (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Tuscaloosa County; graduated from Howard college, 1881, A. B., with first honors; graduated from the law department of the University of Alabama, 1883, LL. B., and began the practice of his profession in 1886 in Tuscaloosa. He was first lieutenant, Warrior Guards, A. N. G., 1888-89; member of the leg islature, 1890-91, 1903 and 1906 ; county solici tor, 1896-1902; delegate to State constitutional convention, 1901, and a member of the legisla ture, 1903 and 1906. He removed to Montgom ery in 1908 where he was connected with the district counsel's office, of the Louisville and Nashville railroad, but in 1917 returned to Tus caloosa and resumed private practice in the firm of Foster, Verner and Rice. He was the law partner of W. B. Oliver before he was elected to the legislature. He is a Democrat; a Bap tist; and an Elk. Married: (1) April 19, 1893, to Kathleen Mary, daughter of Hon. Richard H. and Mary Kate (Burke) Clarke; (2) Octo ber 12, 1898, Mabel Radford Clarke, sister of first wife. Children, by first wife: 1. Richard Clarke; by second wife: 2. Kathleen Mary. Residence: Tuscaloosa. FOSTER, JOHN WEBB, lawyer, member Alabama legislature and register in chancery, was born October 14, 1850, in Lowndes County, Miss.; son of John Arthur and Mary (Webb) Foster (q. v.). He was educated, partly, in the schools of Clayton and by his father's private instruction. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1868; in 1870, he re moved to Abbeville having been appointed register in chancery for Henry County; served as county superintendent of education, 1871 to 1881; represented that county in the legislature, 1884-86. He is a Democrat. Married: May, 1871, to L. E. Petty, daughter of B. F. and Kate Petty, the former a Confederate soldier, who served under Gen. Henry D. Clayton. Children: 1. Lola; 2. Emma; 3. Kate. Resi dence: Abbeville. FOSTER, JOSEPH, farmer and manufac turer, was born in Georgia and died in Mont gomery County, and is buried in the old "New Providence" church-yard, near Robertson's cross-roads. He removed to the "Sankey Neigh borhood" about 1819, and was one of the early settlers from Georgia. He acquired a large tract of land on the "Rock Mount Road" and farmed. He established a plow and wagon fac tory on his farm, for the benefit of that region, the industry being carried on successfully for many years. He was a Baptist. Married: to Miss Daniel, a sister of Mrs. W. D. Sankey, sr. Children: 1. William, a teacher; 2. James; 3. Mary, m. John H. Robertson; 4. daughter, m. Thomas Robertson; 5. daughter, m. James Ool- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 605 ltns; 6. daughter, m. William Wilkerson; 7. Nannie, m. Prof. Barton; 8. Fannie, unmarried. Last residence: Montgomery County. FOSTER, JOSHUA HILL, college president and Baptist minister, was born March 17, 1819, in Tuscaloosa County, and died February 28, 1904, in Tuscaloosa; son of James and Mary Ellen (Hill) Foster; brother of John Collier Foster (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Tuscaloosa County; graduated at the head of his class from the University of Alabama, 1839; and in 1842 he received the degree of A. M. He was a tutor in the University, 1841- 44; teacher in Tuscaloosa school, 1844-45; farmer, 1845-49; tutor In University, 1849-50; pastor of Baptist church, Tuscaloosa, 1853-54; joint principal of Central female college, 1869- 71; president of that college, 1871-73; profes sor in University, 1873 to 1892. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by Howard college in 1879. Married: (1) December 26, 1843, to Lucy Boiling, daughter of Dr. Clement and Sarah (Lane) Billingslea (q. v.); (2) February 24, 1853, to Frances Cornelia Bacon. Children, by first wife: 1. Lucie Billingslea, m. Prof. Dill; by second wife: 2. Clement C, m. Mattie Shaw; 3. Edwin Hardy, m. Margaret Chunn; 4. Henry Bacon (q. v.) ; 5. Joshua Hill, jr., m. (1) Gertrude Foster; (2) Eula Sparks; 6. Thomas J., m. Cora Watjen; 1. Sumner B. (q. v.). Last residence: Tuscaloosa. FOSTER, JOSHUA HILL, jr., Missionary Baptist minister; pastor of the Union Springs and the Parker memorial church, Anniston. He was a son of the Rev. J. H. Foster (q. v.). FOSTER, LOVELACE SAVIDGE, editor, author, teacher and Baptist minister, was born December 18, 1847, in Tuscaloosa County; son of Arthur and Elizabeth Amelia (Foster) Fos ter, the former a graduate of the University of Alabama, 1845, teacher, planter, saw mill owner, having lived in Alabama, Texas and Missis sippi; grandson of James and Mary Ellen (Hill) Foster. He entered the University of Alabama in 1864; was withdrawn upon the removal of his parents to Mississippi; student of the Southern Baptist tehological seminary at Greenville, S. C, 1868-70, and in 1873-75, grad uating the latter year with honor; ordained January, 1871, at Starkville, Miss.; served pas torates at Okolona, Miss., Camden, S. C, Louis ville, Winston County, Miss., Fellowship and Rodney, Jefferson County, Miss., Winona, Car rollton, Pleasant Prospect, Bethel, Coila, Mt. Vernon, Leona, and Senatobia Baptist churches, all in Mississippi. He also assisted in the or ganization of many new churches. He taught several terms in a male high school. Author: at one time field editor for Mississippi of the "Western recorder" and has written extensively for church papers; associate editor "Baptist record," 1893; "History of the Columbus Bap tist association," 1861; "History of the Louis ville (Miss.) association from 1840 to 1882," 1886. He was one of the leading spirits in the organization of the Mississippi Baptist historical society, in 1883, of which he has been corresponding secretary since its organization. Married: (1) May 22, 1870, to Fannie Merrick, of Greenville, S. C; (2) August 15, 1880, to Mrs. Kate (Gidden) Raines, of Okolona, Miss. Children: by the first wife, two. Residence: Fruithurst. FOSTER, ROBERT SAVIDGE, was born about 1796, in Columbia County, Ga.; son of John and Elizabeth (Savidge) Foster; brother of Hardy Foster (q. v.) and John L. S. Foster (q. v.). He was among the early pioneers of Tuscaloosa County, removing with his brothers from Georgia between 1818 and 1821. They settled at Foster's Hill and Sylvan, and were among the largest land own ers in the county. He was a Whig; and a Bap tist. Married about 1816, in Georgia, to Ann Tompkins. Children: 1. John, m. Mollie Car nathan; 2. James Monroe, m. Malinda Dunlap; 3. Dr. Robert Savidge, jr.; 4. William Love lace, m. Mildred Maxwell; 5. George Washing ton, m. Caroline Hasseltine Quarles; 6. Adoni- ram Judson; 7. Wade, m. Sarah Bell. Last residence: Foster's. FOSTER, SHEPARD WALTER, dentist, was born June 11, 1861, near Troy, Pike County; son of John L. and Martha E. (Roundtree) Foster, of Georgia, who removed to Pike County, Ala., before the War of Secession, and en gaged in teaching, a Confederate soldier, serv ing in the 46th Alabama infantry regiment. Dr. Foster's education was in the schools of his father. He graduated from Vanderbilt dental college in 1887, with D. D. S. degree. He began the practice in Decatur, removed to Atlanta, Ga., where he practiced for a number of years and is now president of the Southern dental college. Married: In Montgomery, to Sophie Lee, daughter of Dr. Walker and Fran- kie (Bibb) Jackson of that place. No children. Residence: Atlanta, Ga. FOSTER, SUMNER B., college president and teacher, was born October 15, 1854, at Tusca loosa; son of Rev. Joshua Hill and Frances Cornelia (Bacon) Foster (q. v.); nephew of John Collier Foster (q. v.). He was prepared for college by Dr. A. B. Meek and Rev. J. T. Yerby; attended Howard college, 1871-72; was graduated from the State university, A. M., and from the law department, LL. B., 1876. He taught in the high school for boys, Tusca loosa, with Professor Dill, later taught in Union Springs. In 1885, he was made president of the Central female college, Tuscaloosa, and has devoted his life to teaching. Residence: Texas. FOSTER, THOMAS GARDNER, business man, was born June 15, 1845, at Columbus, Ga., and died April 26, 1915, at Montgomery; son of Thomas Flournoy and Elizabeth (Gard ner) Foster, the former a native of Summer ville, Floyd County, Ga., who represented the ninth Georgia district in the U. S. congress for fifteen years, and wrote "Diary and Mem oirs"; grandson of George and Julia (Flour noy) Foster, who lived at Columbus, Ga., and of Thomas and Anne (McKinne) Gardner, who lived in Augusta, Ga.; great-great-grandson 'of Thomas Pope, who came with his father and 606 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY brother, William, later an officer in the Revo lution, to Virginia from England, and settled on a creek that still bears the name of Pope Creek; great-great-great-grandson of Sir Thomas Pope, the emigrant, who married an aunt of George Washington. Mr. Foster was brother of James Henry Foster, who died as a result of wounds received at Chickamauga, and of Julia McKinne Foster, who married Edwin Gardner Weed, bishop of Florida, and was president of the United Daughters of the Confederacy in 1900. His early education was curtailed by ill health which culminated in the loss of one eye, and his further studies were pursued at home under a private tutor. Mr. Foster was sixteen years old at the out break of the War of Secession, and was re peatedly declined for military service on ac count of physical disability. Toward the end of the confllict, however, he was for a short time on Gen. Joseph Wheeler's staff. He was secretary and treasurer of the Montgomery gas light company for twenty-five years, and by his vote and influence, effected the merger of the Montgomery gas light company and the Electric light company into the Mont gomery light company, of which he became secretary and general manager. He was a member of the Montgomery City council, 1906- 1907, during which time he was chairman of several important committees, but declined re election. He was the promoter of the first water works of Montgomery, and it was through his efforts that the first electric car company, not only in Montgomery, but the first in the whole country, was successfully operated. He organized and was the first sec retary of the Young Men's christian associa tion, and in 1868 was a delegate to the inter national convention in Baltimore. He started the first chamber of commerce in the city in the early seventies, and was one of the or ganizers and the first secretary of the Ala bama State fair association. He was a Demo crat; a member of the vestry of St. John's, and senior warden of the Episcopal church; a fourteenth degree Mason; grand recorder of the Knights of Honor for thirty-five years; senator of the National Union for twenty years; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: April 11, 1871, at Montgomery, Elizabeth, daughter of Robert and Elizabeth Priscilla (Cooper) Tyler (q. v.), who lived at Bristol, Pa.; grand daughter of John Tyler, tenth president of the United States, and of Thomas A. Cooper, of English birth, the leading tragedian of his day, who was a ward and relative of God win, the English philosopher. Children: 1. James Henry, LL. B., lawyer at Montgomery, chief clerk, international revenue service, Bir mingham, m. January 2, 1913, Alice Lahey; 2. Priscilla Tyler, m. November 22, 1899, Forney C. Stevenson (q. v.), physician, Montgomery; 3. Thomas Gardner, jr., B. S., 1893, M. D., University of Virginia, 1899, merchant, 1894- 1896, physician, house staff, New York Charity hospital, 1900, surgeon, U. S. Navy. Last resi dence : Montgomery. FOSTER, THOMAS J., member Confederate congress elected as Alabama congressman, but not seated, was born July 11, 1809, at Nash ville, Tenn., and died in Kentucky in 1887; son of Robert Coleman and Ann (Hubbard) Fos ter, both natives of Virginia, removing to Bardstown, Ky., 1794, and later locating in Nashville, Tenn., where he was a member of the legislature, president of the State senate and one of the founders and trustees of the University of Tennessee; grandson of Anthony and Rose (Coleman) Foster, of Virginia. He came to Lawrence County, Ala., about 1830, en gaged in planting and manufacturing, and was a large slave holder. He entered the services of the C. S. Army as colonel of an organi zation of Alabama troops known as Foster's regiment, which later became the 27th Ala bama infantry regiment. He aided in the lo cation and construction of Ft. Henry; was elected to the Confederate congress, 1861; re elected, 1863, and served until the overthrow of the Confederacy; was elected to the U. S. congress in 1865, but was prevented from tak ing his seat by the Radicals on account of his participation in the war. He removed to Kentucky about 1867. Married: (1) October 30, 1836, to Virginia Prudence, daughter of Robert H. and Prudence Thompson (Oliver) Watkins, the former a native of Virginia, who removed to Georgia, where he served as a member of the State legislature, came to Ala bama and located near Courtland, Lawrence County; granddaughter of James and Jane (Thompson) Watkins, both natives of Vir ginia, who removed to Elbert County, Ga., and of John and Frances (Thompson) Oliver, of Petersburg, Ga., the former one of the pioneer settlers and merchants of that State; great- granddaughter of Isham and Mary Ann (Oliver) Thompson, of Virginia; (2) to Ann, daughter of James and Mary (Chalmers) Hood, the former of Ireland, the latter of Scotland; (3) Mrs. Wray. There were no children by the first and third marriages. Children by second wife: 1. James, educated in Edinburgh, Scotland, m. Matilda Toney; 2. Coleman, edu cated in Edinburgh, Scotland, unmarried, planter of Lawrence County; 3. Annie, m. Lieut. Longshaw of the U. S. Army. Last resi dence: Kentucky. FOSTER, WILBUR F., lawyer; president of the State bar association, December 15, 1887, to December 20, 1888. He was speaker of the Alabama house of representatives, 1882-83. FOSTER, WILLIAM LOVELACE, Baptist minister, chaplain C. S. Army, was bora Janu ary 29, 1830, in Tuscaloosa County, and died in 1868, in Fannin County, Tex.; son of Robert Savidge and Ann (Tompkins) Foster (q. v.). He was educated in the neighborhood schools and the University of Alabama, receiving from the latter the A. B. and A. M. degrees, and grad uating with distinction. He began preaching with the sanction of Grant's Creek church, Tuscaloosa, and was ordained to the full work of the ministry about 1852. He entered the Confederate service as chaplain, in 1861, re maining until the close of the war, when he returned to his home in Siloam and resumed his pastoral work. In 1866, he resigned the DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 607 professorship of mathematics in Waco univer sity, Waco, Tex., which he held but a short time, leaving Waco to settle in Fannin County, Tex. Married: June 15, 1855, to Mildred Maxwell, of Clinton. Last residence: Fannin County, Tex. FOSTER, WILLIAM S., business man and expert accountant. Married: Sarah Owen, of Tuscaloosa. Deceased. Last residence: Jasper. FOSTER, WILLIAM STORY, grand com mander, Masons, was born July 18, 1830, in Hillsborough County, N. Y., and died March 28, 1899, in Mobile. He was grand high priest, 1883 and 1884, and grand commander 1878-79. He was a Presbyterian. Last residence: Mo bile. FOUCHE. R. T., major, 8th Confederate in fantry battalion, C. S. Army. FOUNTAIN, JAMES, merchant, was bom on Staten Island, N. Y., July 11, 1812, and died in Montgomery, April 11, 1868; son of Joshua Anthony and Margaret (Holmes) Fountain, both of Staten Island, the former of French origin, the latter English; and the grandson of Margaret (Baker) Holmes. He came by ship to Mobile and thence by river to Montgomery in 1835. He established a car riage factory and sales warehouse, on the south side of Dexter Avenue, in the block bounded by Perry and Lawrence streets; and he also built the residence still, standing on the N. W. corner of Monroe and Hull streets. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: in Mont gomery, December 13, 1837, to Lucinda Susan, daughter of James and Susanne (Covin) Thompson (q. v.). Children: 1. George, d. unmarried; 2. Henry, m. Maggie Crozier, both deceased; 3. Anna, m. Benjamin Washburn (q. v.), and left one daughter, Bennie, who m. G. W. Crist, and lives at Cloverdale. Last residence: Montgomery. FOUNTAINE, BENJAMIN B., grand treas urer, grand lodge, Masons, 1830-34. FOURNIER, EDMUND H, physician, annual orator, medical association of Alabama, 1877. Deceased. Last residence: Mobile. FOUST, WILLIAM E., Methodist minister; member of the North Alabama conference; living in 1913. Residence: Huntsville. FOWLER, JAMES THOMAS, physician, was born June 17, 1863, at Shorterville ; son of John Lindsay and Eliza Byrd (Bennett) Fowler, the former a physician, who moved from Lynchburg, Va., to Randolph County, Ga., later to Fort Gaines, Ga., and at the outbreak of the War of Secession was surgeon and first captain of the Cotton Planters Guards, the first company to enlist from that place, moved to Henry County in 1863, and was appointed captain of a company of state militia by Gov. Watts; grandson of Thomas and Christine Fowler of Lynchburg, Va., and of James and Harriett (Grace) Bennett of Shorterville, the former of whom moved to Alabama from South Carolina and was a colonel in the Indian wars. Dr. Fowler was educated in the common schools of Henry County, and received his degree of M. D. at Charleston, S. C, in 1883, at what is now the medical department of the University of South Carolina. He began to practice medi cine in April, 1883, at Shorterville, where he continued to practice until 1905, when he moved to Dothan, Houston County. He was once health officer of Henry County, and later, in 1910, of Houston County. He was appointed by Gov. O'Neal, in 1911, as physician member of the board of inspectors of convicts, continuing in that position until 1913. He is a Democrat, a Missionary Baptist, and a Mason. Married: April 24, 1888, at Lloyd, Fla., to Eliza Talbot, daughter of Francis Moses and Susan C. Bunker, of Lloyd, Fla. Children: 1. James Thomas, jr.; 2. Gertrude Kate. Residence: Dothan. FOWLER, JOHN, SR., soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, aged 99, resided in Pike County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. FOWLER, LUTHER JEROME, teacher, was born January 26, 1879, near Brooksville, Mar shall County; son of Josiah B. and Lettie J. (Jones) Fowler, the former served in the War of Secession under Gen. Joseph Wheeler, a mer chant and farmer of Blount and Marshall Counties; grandson of Godfrey and Polly (Carnes) Fowler, the former a native of North Carolina who removed to Alabama, settled near Brooksville, represented Blount County in the legislature, 1840 and 1842, and of Rev. J. W. and Elizabeth (Majors) Jones, of Summit. Prof. Fowler was educated in the public schools of Marshall County, attended the Ninth district agricultural school, the Seventh district agri cultural school, and the Alabama polytechnic institute. In 1897 he began teaching in the public schools of Blount and Marshall Coun ties; was principal Albertville public school, 1901-03; teacher of history, Fourth district agricultural school, 1903-05; Seventh district agricultural school, 1908-11, and appointed teacher of history, Alabama girls' technical in stitute, 1912. He is a member of the American historical association; Mississippi Valley his torical associaton; Southern and Alabama edu cational associations. He is a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: December 26, 1907, at Gadsden, to Elsie, daughter of Jesse E. and Helen (Cornelius) Murphree, of Walnut Grove, the former a captain of Co. I, 49th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. Children: 1. Luther Jerome, jr. Residence: Montevallo. FOWLER, WILLIAM HENRY, editor, Con federate soldier, was born June 15, 1826, at Raleigh, N. C, and died August 10, 1867, in Jefferson, Tex.; son of William and Martha Smith (Parrish) Fowler, the former a native of Antrim County, Ireland, born in 1797, who was a merchant at Raleigh, N. C, until he moved with his family to Alabama in 1826, settling first in Tuscaloosa County, and later in Greene County, the latter a native of Raleigh, N. C, who was born in 1799; grandson of Will- 608 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY iam and Elizabeth (Curran) Fowler, who farmed in Antrim County, Ireland, the latter a first cousin of Curran, the English barrister and orator, and of William Tyre and Mary (Womack) Parrish, who lived at Raleigh, N. C; great-grandson of Sherwood and Anna (Smith) Parrish, natives respectively of Wake County, N. C, and of Virginia, the former who fought in the Revolutionary War throughout the entire seven years. Col. Fowler's ances tors all came originally from Antrim County, Ireland, and settled at Raleigh, N. C. He had only a limited education, received at intervals between work with a tailor, a druggist and a printer. He became interested in newspaper work while he was setting type in the printing office, and tried his hand at local and editorial writing. In. the meantime, he studied assidu ously to increase his meagre schooling. He decided to become a lawyer, and read law in the offices of A. H. Benners and William M. Murphy at Greensboro, working at the same time on the "Alabama Beacon," a newspaper published at Greensboro. He never practiced law, however, but became editor of the Eutaw "Whig," 1853-1856. He was elected to the State legislature, 1855-1857; moved to Tusca loosa in the latter year to take charge of the "Monitor," a weekly paper; was elected sec retary of the constitutional convention of 1861, which voted to take Alabama out of the Union, and resigned from the convention to enter military service. He raised a company, the "Warrior Guards," Fifth Alabama regiment, of which he was made first lieutenant; and was promoted to captain of the company, which at the end of the year was transferred to the artillery service and became Fowler's battery. The battery was put on duty at Mobile, and Capt. Fowler was transferred to the military office at Montgomery, where he was statistician and kept the record of Alabama troops. He was commissioned colonel of artillery, which rank he held at the close of the war. After the war, Col. Fowler went to Texas, and was as sassinated in that state at Jefferson, August 10, 1867. He was a Whig; a Methodist; and a thirty-third degree Mason. Married: Au gust 28, 1848, near Greensboro, Martha Eliza beth, daughter of John M. and Elizabeth Bates, who lived at Greensboro, the former a native of South Carolina, born in 1798, who moved to Greene County, in 1818, was the first sheriff of that county, and served in the State legislature for several terms. Children: 1. M. E. Denson, Pittsburg, Tex.; 2. M. S., La fayette, Tex.; 3. Julia P., deceased; 4. Lilly P., deceased, m. Mr. Darby; 5. William H„ Lafayette, Tex. Last residence: Jefferson, Tex. FOWLKES, ALPHEUS MONROE, business man, was born November 22, 1838, in Franklin County, N. C; son of Edward T. and Mary (Foster) Fowlkes, natives of Virginia, the former a lawyer at Louisburgh, N. C, until he moved with his family to Marion, Ala., in 1850, the latter a relative of the Stapleton fam ily of Virginia. The progenitors of the family, Col. Fowlkes, a Welshman, and Col. Mason, officers in the British army, came to America with a grant of land in Virginia, given them by the English crown for military services. Their grant was what is now known as Prince Edward County, Va. They settled first in Alexandria County, Va., but later Col. Fowlkes moved to Prince Edward County. The name originally was Ffowlkes. Maj. Fowlkes was about twelve years old when his parents came to Alabama. He was graduated from Howard college, B. A., 1856; was secretary of the Perry insurance trust company at Marion until the beginning of the War of Secession; joined the C. S. Army early in 1861, being made first lieutenant of Co. A, Twenty-eighth Alabama infantry; acted as captain of the company for two years without the commis sion; and was promoted to major on the staff of Gen. Joseph Wheeler, in 1863, where he re mained until the close of the war. He took active part in the battles of Shiloh, Farming- ton, Perryville, Murfreesboro, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, siege of At lanta and Bentonville. At the close of the war, Maj. Fowlkes turned his attention to farming. He became treasurer of the Selma, Marion and Memphis railroad, now the Cincinnati, Selma and Mobile, in 1868; was made the receiver of the company in 1874; controlled it as such until its sale under foreclosure in 1878; and remained with the road afterward as superin tendent and treasurer until 1882. He moved to Selma the next year, and embarked in the wholesale and retail hardware business in that city. At the sale of the New Orleans and Selma railroad in 1886, he became one of its pur chasers and since has been general superin tendent, secretary and treasurer of the road, which under1 the new corporation is known as the Birmingham, Selma and New Orleans railroad. He has been president of the Selma land company; director of the Hotel Albert company; president of the Selma bridge com pany, in which capacity he superintended the construction of the bridge across the Alabama River at Selma, and managed it for one year after its completion; a director in the Improve ment and furnace company; and a trustee of the public schools of Selma. He is a steward in the Methodist Episcopal church. Married: in 1859, at Marion, Bettie Jemison. Children: two daughters. Residence: Selma. FOWLKES, SAMUEL AUGUSTUS, business man, was born December 20, 1879, at Rehoboth, Wilcox County; son of Samuel Augustus and Mary Pinkie (Cobb) Fowlkes, the former a native of Marion, was a planter, living in Wil cox and Dallas Counties; grandson of Edward Taylor and Mary (Foster) Fowlkes, who lived at Raleigh, N. C, and later at Marion, and of Dr. Benjamin and Mary Fielding (Vaughn) Cobb, of Dallas County; great-grandson of Fielding Cobb, who won the gold bale of cot ton before the war for being the largest cotton producer in Alabama. The Fowlkes family are descended from the Jennings of Virginia, and the Cobbs from the family by that name who settled in Southampton County, Va. Mr. Fowlkes attended the Dallas academy and after wards the Eastman national business college at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., from which he holds a HUGH MORROW DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 611 diploma. He was a member of the house of rep resentatives from Dallas County, 1911. He is a banker and business man being the vice-presi dent of the Peoples bank and trust company of Selma. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; re cording secretary and a director in the Young men's christian association; and an Elk. Un married. Residence: Selma. FRANCIS, JAMES B., treasurer, tax ¦ as sessor, lieutenant, C. S. Army, was born Au gust 19, 1843, in Richmond, Ky. ; son of Thomas J. and Elizabeth (Gibbs) Francis, both natives of Kentucky, who removed to Platte County, Mo., in 1859; cousin of David R. Francis, a native of Richmond, Ky., who was elected gov ernor of Missouri, in 1899. He received a com mon school education, and in 1861 entered the Confederate service as a private in Co. H, 7th Missouri infantry regiment, with which he served at the siege and capture of Lexington, Mo., the battle of Elkhorn Tavern, Ark., and at Corinth, Miss. In 1862, he fought at the bat tles of Iuka and Corinth, and was wounded twice in the latter battle. In 1863, he took part in the campaign against Grant's army, includ ing the battles of Port Hudson, Baker's Creek, Big Black bridge, and the siege of Vicksburg, where on June 22, 1863, he was severely wound ed. After the capitulation of Vicksburg he was a prisoner on parole until the fall of 1863, when he was assigned to the ordnance department at Selma, and afterwards, until the surrender, was with the army of Gen. Richard Taylor at Mo bile. During the course of his services he was promoted first lieutenant for gallant and mer itorious conduct. After the war he located at York Station, and engaged in business. In 1871, he visited the site of Birmingham and bought the third lot sold in the original plot of that city. He was one of the first aldermen of the city by appointment of Governor Lind say, and in 1872, was made treasurer of the board for four years. For a number of years he was a merchant. In 1896, he was elected tax assessor of Jefferson County. He served on the staff of General Ferguson, commanding the Alabama division, United Confederate Vet erans, and also on the staff of his successor, General Harrison. He is a member of the Har dee camp, United Confederate Veterans; a Ma son; and a Methodist. Married: in September, 1872, to Dora, daughter of John McCree, of South Carolina. Children: 1. Hines S.; 2. James B.; 3. John S. Residence: Birming ham. FRANCIS, JOHN C, lieutenant colonel, 30th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. FRANCIS, JOHN MILLER, chemist, was born October 25, 1867, at Jacksonville, Calhoun County; son of Miller William and Julia Pat terson (Clark) Francis, the former was com missioned surgeon in the C. S. Army, serv ing in the Sixth Alabama infantry regiment, Rodes' brigade, Morgan's brigade and Wheeler's corps of cavalry and the 51sJ Alabama cavalry. Prof. Francis was educated in the public schools of Jacksonville; received the degrees of B. S., 1887, and M. A., 1889, from the Uni versity of Alabama, and did post graduate work at Johns Hopkins school of chemistry, 1890. He was connected with the University of Ala bama, 1887-91, as first assistant professor of chemistry, later as adjunct professor; removed to Detroit, Mich., 1892, to accept the position of chemist for Parke, Davis and co., and since 1904 has been chief chemist of that company. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Mar ried: November 25, 1891, at Tuscaloosa, to Evie Eugenia, daughter of Robert Theodore and Stella Maria (Searcy) Harris, of that place, the former served throughout the War of Secession, first as orderly sergeant, Eighth Alabama in fantry regiment and later as adjutant, 58th Ala bama infantry regiment. Children: 1. John Mil ler, jr.; 2. Evelyn Searcy; 3. Julia Clark. Resi dence: Detroit, Mich. FRANCIS, JOSIAH, or HILLIS HADJO, Creek Chief. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. FRANKLIN, CHARLES HIGGS, physician and planter, was born in 1838, in Albany, Ga.; son of Talbert H. and Mary (Adams) Franklin, natives of Georgia, the former after his wife's death removed to Coffee County, Ala., in 1846, a planter, veteran of the Creek War of 1836-37; grandson of Esom Franklin, of South Carolina, a Revolutionary soldier, who later settled in Georgia. The family is descended from Josiah Franklin of England, whose son, John, immi grated from that country to Massachusetts in the 17th century. Dr. Franklin received his primary education in the subscription schools of Coffee County, and later attended school at Elba. He entered the medical department of the University of Nashville, Tenn., but his course was interrupted by his service with the Confederate States Army. He was appointed assistant surgeon in the camp of instruction at Camp Watts and remained there during the duration of the war. He then entered the medical department of the University of Louis iana, New Orleans, from which he graduated in 1866, and at once located at Union Springs, where he practiced during the remainder of his life. He was also an extensive planter, operat ing a farm in Bullock County and owning large tracts in Florida. He was one of the promoters of Union Springs cotton-mills and was president of the company; president State medical asso ciation 1889-90, and for many years a member of the State board of health. Married: (1) in 1870, to Sallie, daughter of Jabez Jones and Jane (Harvey) Banks, natives of Georgia, who located in Alabama; granddaughter of James Jones and Hannah (Alston) Banks; great- granddaughter of Ralph and Rachael Alston (Jones) Banks of North Carolina, who removed to the Broad River Country, Ga.; (2) to Lula, his deceased wife's sister. Children: by the first wife: 1. Charles; 2. Lula; 3. and 4. died in infancy; by the second wife, 5. John K. (q. v.); 6. Jerome O; 7. James J.; 8. Charles Moore, physician, graduated, 1898, Columbia university, N. Y.; 9. Jane; 10. Higgs 612 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY B.; 11. died in infancy. Residence; Union Springs. FRANKLIN, J. N, member of the constitu tional convention of 1861, from DeKalb County. FRANKLIN, JOHN KNOX, lawyer and leg islator, was born September 9, 1880, in Bullock County; son of Charles Higgs and Loula (Banks) Franklin (q. v.) ; grandson of Jabez B. and Jane Banks, of Enon. He was educated in the public schools of Union Springs; attended the Agricultural and mechanical college, Au burn; graduated LL. B., 1902, from the Univer sity of Alabama. He began the practice of his profession in July of that year. He represented Bullock County in the legislature of 1903. He is a Democrat; and a Methodist. He is un married. Residence: Union Springs. FRANKS, MARSHALL, soldier of the American Revolution, a resident of Pickens County; private and sergeant, particular serv ice not disclosed; enrolled on December 27, 1836, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $60. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. FRASIER, ALFRED SMITH, physician and surgeon, was born February 28, 1881, at Cross Keys, Macon County; son of William Gregory and Joanna Lee (Smith) Frasier, the former a Methodist preacher who served throughout the War of Secession. Dr. Frasier received his education in the country schools and at the Troy normal college. He graduated from the University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., 1905, and from Vanderbilt university, with honors, 1906. During vacation he spent his time teach ing in order that he might send himself through college. He began the practice of medicine at Thomaston remaining there for five years. He graduated from the New York post graduate hospital in 1914 and became resident surgeon of that institution. In January, 1915, he was made Instructor of surgery in the Post graduate hos pital and received his license to practice in New York in April, 1915. He resigned in October, 1915, removing to Dothan, where he began to practice privately and in June, 1917, he opened the Frasier hospital. During the European War he was a member of the medi cal advisory board. He is a Democrat; Metho dist; Mason; and a member of the Kappa Alpha and Alpha Kappa medical fraternities. Mar ried: October 12, 1908, at Talladega, to Scottie McKenzie (q. v.). Residence: Dothan. FRASIER SCOTTIE (McKENZIE) teacher and author, daughter of William and Leila (Hood) McKenzie, of Talladega, the former a Confederate soldier having enlisted at the age of seventeen; granddaughter of Dr. Robert and Frances (Weisinger) Hood, of Cahaba, the former a Confederate soldier who died during the War of Secession with pneumonia, the lat ter a descendant of Lawrence Washington, and of Dr. Henry and Amanda (Talmadge) Mc Kenzie, the former a graduate of the University of Transylvania and one of the first settlers of Talladega; great-granddaughter of Thomas Dewitt and Tabitha (Washburn) Talmadge, of Jefferson County, Ky., and of MUrdock and Rebecca (Tyson) McKenzie, the former a na tive of Scotland who emigrated to America in 1802, settling in Chatham County, N. C; great-great-granddaughter of Kenneth and Christie McKenzie, of Scotland, and of Camp bell and Tabitha (Dulaney) Washburn, the for mer a Revolutionary soldier, and of Berry and Ann Tyson, of Moore County, N. C; great-great- great-granddaughter of Daniel and Margaret Dulaney, the former founded a town in Mary land which bears his name. The Dulaneys were among the most prominent of the members of the Maryland colony, one of that name having been the provincial secretary. The first mem ber of the Hood family located in Virginia and married an Arundel of the English family of that name. Mrs. Frasier graduated from the Talladega high school in 1901, and from Judson college, Marion, in 1903; She then taught in the public schools of Talladega and Greenville, the Albertville agricultural college, and had been elected assistant lady principal of the Judson, but married two weeks before the open ing of college. In 1914 she attended the school of journalism, short story department, Columbia university, studied public speaking under Mary Sandall, at Carnegie Hall, and attended lectures on psychology. In 1914-15 she lectured in the east on practical psychology. She is the author of numerous poems and short stories, also does a great deal of newspaper work, at the same time looking after the business interests of the Frasier hospital, and lecturing on practical psychology and other subjects. In 1920 she issued a book of poems, "Fagots of fancy." At the 1920 meeting of the Alabama federation of women's clubs she was awarded the Press and authors club prize for the best prayer. During the European War she organized ten counties for minute men; was vice chairman of Woman's division of Four minute men of Alabama, and spoke for liberty bond and war saving stamp drives. She is a member of the Alabama equal suffrage and League of women voters boards; Pen and brush club, New York City; Writers club, Indianapolis, Ind.; Press and authors club, Montgomery; New century club, Dothan; and founder of the Sorosis club, Thomaston, and Writer's club, Dothan. Mar ried: October 21, 1908, at Talladega, to Dr. Alfred Smith Frasier (q. v.). Residence: Dothan. FRAZER, JOHN STANLEY, Methodist min ister, was born near Grove Hill, Clarke County; son of William Emsley and Satira (Cassity) Frazer, the former a native of Greensboro, N. C, who removed to Alabama in early life and located at Old St. Stephens, Clarke County, where he became a merchant and planter; grandson of John Frazer and wife, who was a Miss Stanley, of Guilford County, N. C; great-grandson of John Frazer, a native of Scotland who emigrated to America, lived for a while in Pennsylvania and later moved to North Carolina. Dr. Frazer was educated, in the schools of Clarke County, later attended DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 613 Summerfield college, and received the degree of D. D. from Southern university, 1910. He was a member of the ecumenical conference, 1900, London, and a member of the book com mittee of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, for a number of years. He is a Dem ocrat and a Mason. Married: February 10, 1874, in Clarke County, to Mary Ella, daughter of Rev. Jesse Pugh and Mary Frances (Fluker) Chapman, of Grove Hill, and granddaughter of Giles Chapman, a native of Newberry, S. C, who removed to Alabama and located in Clarke County. Children: 1. Daisy, m. Dr. W. F. Betts, of Evergreen; 2. Maggie, m. Dr. R. F. Washington, of Spartanburg, S. C; 3. Jessie Otis, d. young; 4. Mary, m. Rev. D. H. McNeal, of Ozark; 5. John W.; 6. Lucile, m. L. L. Shertzer, of Demopolis; 7. George Stanley, minister of Washington, Ga.; 8. Keener C, professor at Wofford college, Spartanburg, S. C; 9. Leila Dumas. Resi dence: Evergreen. FRAZER, ROBERT, president of Judson col lege, Marion, 1882-87. Residence: Warrenton, Va. FRAZER, SYDNEY THOMAS, probate judge, . was born July 3, 1836, near Eatonton, Putnam County, Ga.; son of Thomas Goodrum and Jane (Goodrum) Frazer, the former a native of Nolansville, Tenn., who lived at Carrollton, Miss., Putnam County, Ga., and Warrier Stand; grandson of Stephen and Jane (Goodrum) Frazer. He received his early education at Warrier Stand, under the instruction of S. T. Strickland, and at the Glenville academy of which Rev. Dr. A. L. Andrews was principal. He taught school until he had acquired the funds to pay his way through college; en tered Emory and Henry college, Virginia, finished the three year course in two years, and was graduated A. B., 1859. He taught school near Auburn until the war began in 1861; enlisted at once as a private in the Third Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, under Capt. Tennent Lomax; served for one year in that regiment until, upon application of his colonel, he was detached and commissioned to go home and help raise a new regiment, the Forty-sixth Alabama, commanded by Col. Mike L. Woods. He served in that regiment as first lieutenant, was with his company in every bat tle and skirmish except two, and was under fire about a hundred times without ever being wounded. He was captured at the battle of Nashville, and sent to Johnson's Island on Lake Erie at the time that the Federal government had just instituted retaliatory measures on ac count of the Confederate prison at Anderson- ville. After the war, Judge Frazer resumed teaching at Auburn, and in the fall of 1867, went into the mercantile business at Union Springs in partnership with Maj. R. G. Wright. His brother, Capt. .Nathan C. Frazer, later be came a member of the firm. In 1886 he was elected to the State legislature, and the fol lowing year was appointed probate judge of Bullock County by Gov. Seay. He was re turned to that office by popular election in 1882, serving in all in that position for nearly twelve years. He is a Democrat, a member of the Methodist Episcopal church South, served on the board of stewards of that church for a number of years, and is a Mason. Married: December 7, 1865, at Tuskegee, Cornelia De- marius, daughter of Thomas Henry and Roana (Moore) Smith, who lived at Tus kegee. Children: 1. Emmie, m. John Belle Keeble, Nashville, Tenn.; 2. Lee, m. Judge James J. Banks (q. v.), Honolulu, Hawaii; 3. Lucile, m. William T. Park, Nashville, Tenn.; 4. Willodem, m. James J. Colson, Brunswick, Ga.; 5. Capt. Thomas Sydney (q. v.), m. Alice Miller, Union Springs. Residence: Union Springs. FRAZER, THOMAS L., cotton merchant and probate judge was born December 21, 1835, In Lincoln County, Ga., and died ; son of Addison and Mary A. (Florence) Frazer, both residents of Georgia, who removed to Glenville, Barbour County, Ala., but were forced after the burning of their property in the In dian troubles of that time to flee to Muscogee County, Ga., where they remained about a year, returning to their old home In Barbour County and finally removing to Auburn; grandson of Arthur Frazer, of Scotch-Irish extraction and a native of North Carolina. Judge Frazer re ceived a thorough education after which he turned his attention to the cotton commission business; served as probate judge of Lee County, 1883-86; and was a member of the State Democratic executive committee. He was a Mason and a Methodist. Married: in 1875 near Opelika, to Ella Narcissa, daughter of Isaac II and Narcissa Whitfield (Sledge) Ross (q. v.). Children: 1. Mary Ella; 2. Thomas R.; 3. John A. FRAZER, THOMAS SYDNEY, lawyer and legislator, was born March 17, 1876, at Union Springs; son of Judge Sydney T. and Cornelia (Smith) Frazer (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Union Springs, and graduated at the University of Alabama, A. B., 1894, and LL. B., 1896. He entered upon the practice of his profession at Union Springs in 1896 and has since resided there. He represented the twenty-sixth senatorial district in the legisla ture of 1903, 1911 and again in 1913. He was a member of the staff of Gov. W. D. Jelks with the rank of colonel of the cavalry, and served as chairman of the Democratic executive com mittee of Bullock County four years. Also a member of the State Democratic executive com mittee. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; an Odd Fellow; member of the United Sons of Confed erate Veterans; and of the Sigma Nu college fraternity. Married: in 1920, to Alice Miller of Brewton. Residence: Union Springs. FRAZER, TUCKER HENDERSON, physician and dean, medical department, University of Alabama, was born February 14, 1859, at Au burn, and died December 26, 1919, at Mobile; son of Alexander and Catherine Frazer, the former a large cotton planter of Lee County. Dr. Frazer received the degree of B. E. from the Alabama polytechnic institute, in 1878. He 614 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY was principal of the grammar school, Barton academy, Mobile, 1879-82, and commandant of cadets, Alabama polytechnic institute, 1883-85. In 1886 he entered the medical department, University of Alabama, then the Mobile medical college, graduating with the degree of M. D., in 1888. He began the practice of medicine at Auburn in 1888, remaining there until 1891 when he removed to Mobile to engage in the practice. He was elected co-demonstrator of anatomy and lecturer on dermatology in the medical department, University of Alabama, 1891; succeeded Prof. W. B. Pope in 1901 as professor of physiology; elected professor of obstetrics and pediatrics in 1904; appointed secretary-treasurer of the school of medicine by the board of trustees of the University in 1907; appointed dean and professor of obste trics, October 2, 1905; resigned in June, 1919, but continued to act as dean until his death. In 1907 he built and operated with Dr. W. R. Jackson the Southern infirmafy, Mobile. He was a member of the board of trustees of the Alabama polytechnic institute for four years and the board of school commissioners of Mo bile for six years. He was a Democrat; Bap tist; member executive board, National Red Cross society of Alabama; member, Interna tional tuberculosis congress; Association for the advancement of science; Mobile county medi cal society; senior chancellor, Alabama State medical association; American medical asso ciation; president, Alumni society, Alabama polytechnic institute, 1883-86; and president of the Alumni association, medical department, University of Alabama, 1892-96. Married: Jan uary 20, 1885, at Auburn, to Annie D., daughter of Alsae and Eliza Holifield. Children: 1. Alice B.; 2. Mell A., lawyer, m. Mary V. Danner, of Mobile; 3. Mary, m. C. H. Morian, of Philadel phia, Pa.; 4. Emmett B. Last residence: Mobile. FRAZIER, SAMUEL WILEY, farmer, was born November 22, 1837, in Jackson County, and died May 17, 1910; son of Joseph Parks and Lucinda Jane (Williams) Frazier, the former a native of east Tennessee, who moved to Larkins ville, took part in the Indian War in Florida, 1836, was made major general of the State militia in 1837, served in the State legislature in both houses from 1843 until 1853, served frequently on the electoral ticket and was never defeated as such, and was president of the Democratic state convention in 1852. His paternal ancestors came from Scotland, settled in Tennessee, and served in the Revolutionary War. His mother's people came from Virginia. Mr. Frazier attended the common schools of the county, and was a student in medicine at the Mobile medical college at the time of the outbreak of the War of Secession. He re turned home, enlisted in Capt. Bradford's company which was sent to Fort Morgan, and placed in the Second Alabama volunteers. After a year's service, his term expired and he re-enlisted as first lieutenant in Co. K, Eleventh Mississippi cavalry regiment, Chalmer's bri gade, Forrest's corps; served in various en gagements ; was in the battle of Selma, and was wounded there in April, 1865. After the war, Mr. Frazier engaged in farming. He was elected a representative in the State legislature of 1892, and was re-elected in 1902. He was a Demo crat and a Cumberland Presbyterian. Married: March 12, 1866, to Amanda Mariah, daugh ter of Shepard and Rosa (Chapman) Shel- ton, both of Jackson County, but of Virginia origin. Last residence: Scottsboro. • FRAZIER, WILLIAM, planter and merchant, was born in Edgefield, Edgefield District, S. C, in 1806, and died March 19, 1871, on his planta tion in Montgomery County; son of Benjamin Marshall and Sarah (Lott) Frazier, natives of South Carolina, the former a merchant, plan ter and large slave owner in that state; grand son of Benjamin Frazier, a native of Scotland who emigrated to America in his youth. Mr. Frazier was educated in the common schools of Edgefield, S. C, studying under Benjamin Butler, who was afterwards U. S. senator from South Carolina. Before coming to Alabama in 1839, he was a successful merchant at Edge field. In early life he was connected with the South Carolina militia; was an ardent seces sionist, also a great friend of William L. Yancey. He gave liberal aid of money and supplies to the Confederate Army. He was a man of gener ous heart and distributed thousands of dollars, besides food from his plantation, among the poor of the city. He was a Baptist and a Democrat. Married: in 1833, in Augusta, Ga., to Eliza, daughter of Louis Cantelou. The father of Louis Cantelou came to America from France as captain of artillery under Lafay ette and after the Revolutionary War, settled in Augusta, Ga., where he amassed a fortune in the cotton business. Children: 1. Virginia, m. Girard Cook; 2. Mary, m. Dr. J. S. Dillard, three children; 3. Emma, m. Capt. T. S. Herbert (q. v.); 4. Helena, m. C. E. Sadler; 5. Willie, m. Dr. Henry L. Stone, six children; 6. Ada, m. J. A. Olin, one child; 7. Benjamin Mar shall, m. Carrie Belle Stone. Last residence: Montgomery County. FREEMAN, GEORGE CHARLES, planter, teacher, politician, and soldier, was born Octo ber 16, 1825, at Athens, Ga., and died July 15, 1866, at Hayneville; son of Allen and Caroline (Robertson) Freeman, the former a merchant and farmer who lived at Athens, Ga., his wife a native of Greenville, Meriwether County, Ga. Maj. Freeman's mother died at his birth and he was reared by his maternal grandparents, and his aunt, Martha Robertson. He received his primary education in Greenville, Ga., where he was taught by Lyman Trumbull, subsequent ly U. S. senator from Illinois. He graduated from Emory and Henry college, and read law under his maternal uncle, Lemuel Robertson, and was admitted to the bar in 1844, aged nine teen years. He enlisted for Mexican war serv ice but the hostilities ceased before his com pany was mustered in. After spending a few years in the west he returned to Georgia and taught school, but in 1851, removed to Lowdnes County, where he engaged in planting. His experience and educational attainments were such that his neighbors offered him the prin- cipalship of the Hayneville female high school, and he was also elected as county superintend- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 615 ent of education. In 1860 he was presidential elector on the Bell and Everett ticket. He rep resented Lowdnes County in the constitutional convention of 1865, and in November of that year was elected to the Federal congress with out opposition, but on account of political con ditions was not permitted to take his seat. In the spring of 1862, he went as captain of Co. I, 45th Alabama infantry regiment, in the Con federate service, and was mustered into the Western Army under Gen. Pat Clebourne. He was promoted to a majority, and was in com mand of his regiment in the retreat from Perry ville, Ky.; received a severe wound in his tem ple at the battle of Murfreesboro, Tenn., and was brought home on a litter. In the spring of 1863, he rejoined his command at Wartrace, in an enfeebled condition and was made judge- advocate, in which position he served until mili tary exigencies demanded his return to the field. He joined his command at Chattanooga, Tenn., July 22, 1864. In the battle of Atlanta he was severely wounded and lay for four hours under a cross fire before being taken from the field to Ford's hospital, Forsyth, Ga., where his leg was amputated. His shattered health was never restored and he died from the re sult of the wound. Married: October 19, 1851, at Pine Level, Montgomery County, to Miranda Dido, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Jackson of that place. Mrs. Freeman, in 1874, became the wife of George S. Cox. Children: 1. Charles Paul, m. Alice Houston; 2. Eva, m. Caswell William Garrett, deceased, Hayneville. Last residence: Hayneville. FREEMAN, GEORGE FOUCHE, botanist, a native and for his early life a resident of the State, was born at Maple Grove, Cherokee County, March 4, 1876; son of George Wash ington and Laura Carolina (Nuckolls) Free man, the former a captain in the commissary department, C. S. Army, and at one time county superintendent of education. Prof. Freeman was educated in the common schools of his county; and the seventh district agricultural school; graduated from the Alabama poly technic institute, B. S., 1903; after graduation was appointed assistant horticulturist, Ala bama Polytechnic institute; later became as sistant in botany at the Massachusetts agri cultural college, Amherst, Mass.; and is now the head of the department of plant breeding at the University of Arizona. He is a Dem ocrat; Baptist; and a Mason. Married: July 18, 1906, at Manhattan, Kans., to Lona Adelle, daughter of Charles Perkins and Lona (Mc- Connell) Blachly, of that place. Children: 1. Eleanor Adelle; 2. George Donald. Residence: Tucson, Ariz. FREEMAN, LEVI, member of the constitu tional convention of 1865, from Pike County. FREEMAN, NEWMAN H., merchant, mem ber constitutional convention, 1901, was born February 17, 1869, at Arbacoochee, Cleburne County; son of James R. and Margrett A. (Carroll) Freeman, who were married in Georgia in 1850, and came to Randolph, now Cleburne, County five years later. Mr. Free man was educated in the public schools of Haleyville, and after finishing the high school course, began his business career as a clerk in the Birmingham postoffice under the Har rison administration. In 1891, he went to Haleyville, where he became the junior mem ber of Freeman and Son; later becoming gen eral manager of the Haleyville mercantile com pany. He was appointed postmaster for Haley ville by President McKinley in 1897, and was re-appointed in 1901 for four years. He has served three terms as alderman of Haleyville, and was nominated for presidential elector in 1900. In 1901, he was elected a delegate to the constitutional convention, and became leader of the Republicans, especially on the franchise law. He was on the committee on military affairs during his service in that body. He declined nominaton for representative to the State legislature in 1902. He is an Odd Fel low, being a delegate to the grand lodge in 1904; is a member of the Woodmen of the World; and. a member of the Methodist Epis copal church. Married: November 8, 1892, at Haleyville, Bettie C, daughter of Merrill and Nannie (Brown) Kennedy, of Dawson, Ga., who now live in Birmingham. Children: 1. Esther; 2. Douglas; 3. Eva C. Resi dence: Haleyville. FREEMAN, TANDY R., planter, was born August 12, 1842, in Muscogee County, Ga.; son of Tandy R. and Anna E. (Sweet) Freeman, who were married in 1828 in Florida, and moved from that state to a plantation below Columbus, Ga., the former a native of Marion District, S. C, born in 1800, a farmer, who was overseer of a large plantation owned by Col. Fitzgerald in Florida for twenty years, and died in 1844 on his plantation in Georgia, the latter a native of Quincy, Fla., the daughter of Rev. Gospero Sweet, a Methodist minister who lived to be one hundred two years of age. In 1849 he accompanied his mother to Barbour County, Ala., where he received his early edu cation, and in 1819 entered Emory and Henry college, Virginia. When the institution was broken up in 1861, he returned home and en listed in Capt. Alpheus Baker's company, First Alabama regiment, C. S. Army. He received his first war experience at Pensacola, Fla., during the bombardment of that city by the Federal fleet. When his term of enlistment had expired, he re-entered the service in the Eufaula light artillery, and served as gunner until the close of the war, participating in the battles of Murfreesboro, Mission Ridge, Chick amauga, the Atlantic campaign, Hood's raid, Franklin and Nashville. After the war, he returned to Barbour County and occupied him self with his farming interests. He is a Dem ocrat, and a steward in the Methodist church. Married: January 1866, Eliza J., daugh ter of Thomas and Eliza Roquemore, of Cowikee Creek, Barbour County. Children: 1. Annie E., m. O. R. Spurlock; 2. Tandy, a grad uate of Birmingham business college, and a teacher at Hawkinsville; 3. William E.; 4. 616 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Percival S.; 5. Evaline E.; 6. Mary R.; 7. Eileena M. Residence: Barbour County. FRENCH, BENJAMIN, soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, "died — Near Rodgersville on the 2lst inst, Mr, Benjamin French, aged 84 years, an old faithful Revolutionary soldier." — Southern Advocate, Huntsville, April 2, 1847. FRENCH, JAMES ADOLPHUS, Baptist minister, was born at Ballsville, Va., and died June, 1916, at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Md.; son of John Woodson and Judith Frances (Blanton) French, both natives of Virginia, and after marriage, residents of Richmond; grand son of Col. Hugh and Priscilla (Mosby) French, of Powhatan County, Va., and of James L. and Rebecca (Walker) Blanton, of Cumberland County, Va. Dr. French received his education in the private schools of Rich mond, Va.; took a special course at Richmond college; graduated from Southern Baptist theological seminary, Louisville, Ky, 1877; spent one year at the University of Virginia, 1877-1878, and received the honorary degree of D. D., from Howard college, 1893. He was or dained to the Baptist ministry, June 25, 1876, at Richmond, Va., and held pastorates in Virginia, Kentucky, Texas and Alabama. While in this State, he served at Talladega, 1890-96, Eufaula, 1908-13, and Columbia,, 1913- 16. He contributed many papers to religious publications. Married: May 25, 1880, at Sunny Side, near Montpelier, Va., to Fanny Throck morton, daughter of Dr. James Ambrose and Lucy (Hiden) Madison; grand-niece of Presi dent James Madison. Last residence: Co lumbia. FRIEDMAN, BERNHARD, business man, was born in Hungary and died in 1896, in Tuscaloosa; son of Simon and Rosa Fried man, natives of Hungary. He came to America in 1856, and settled in Mississippi, subsequently removing to Georgia. In 1866 he settled in Tuscaloosa, Ala., where he spent the remainder of his life. His education was received in Hun gary. He purchased the cotton mill at Tusca- loosa, which he successfully conducted, mer chandised and bought land. In 1887, he was elected vice-president of the Tennessee coal, iron, and land company and sold to that cor poration 43,000 acres of land personally owned by him. He projected an iron furnace in Tus caloosa and was interested in all the industrial activities of that section. Married: (1) Adele Black, who died in 1870; (2) Linka Loveman, of Dalton, Ga. Children: by the first wife; 1. a daughter, died in infancy; 2. Emma, m. Herzberg, Gadsden; 3. Samuel, Tuscaloosa; 4. Victor Hugo, Tuscaloosa. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. FRIERSON, GIDEON BLACKBURN, lawyer and county court judge, was bom in Tennessee, about 1810, and died in Sumter County, in 1853. His father moved from Williamsburg District, S. C, in 1809, to Tennessee, and in 1819, lo cated in Tuscaloosa, where he lived and died. He was the brother of Samuel Gordon Frierson (q. v.). Judge Frierson was educated in the common schools of Tennessee and in Tusca loosa. He read law; was admitted to the bar and formed a partnership with Lincoln Clark, of Pickensville, Pickens County. In 1834 he was elected assistant clerk of the house of rep resentatives, and in 1836 succeeded Col. Tun stall as clerk being re-elected in 1837. That year he was elected judge of the county court of Sumter, which position he held for several years. Last residence: Sumter County. FRIERSON, MARTIN LUTHER, Presby terian minister, was born May 6, 1838, in Wil liamsburg County, S. C, and died in the spring of 1895, at Orange, Tex.; son of Daniel and Jane (Mcintosh) Frierson, natives of South Carolina, of Irish and Scotch descent, re spectively. He received his academic educa tion at Mt. Zion school, Georgia, and was sub sequently graduated from Oglethorpe uni versity, near Milledgeville, Ga. From Ogle thorpe, he entered the Ninth South Carolina regiment, C. S. Army, and when that regiment disbanded the next year, entered the Fourth South Carolina cavalry, with which he sur rendered at Greensboro, N. C, at the end of the War of Secession. After peace was estab lished, he returned to Williamsburg County, S. O, where he studied law. He came to Ala bama in 1869, and was admitted to the bar in Lawrence County in 1870. During the four succeeding years while he was practicing law, he established the Courtland "News," 1872; moved the paper to Decatur at the end of one year, and published it there as "The News" for two years. In 1874, he entered the Presby terian ministry, taking charge of a group of churches comprising Decatur, Somerville, and Fairview, all in Morgan County. He had preached in those places about a year when he was elected to the professorship of English language and literature in the Florence State normal school. In 1887, he severed his con nection with that institution to become pastor of the Florence Presbyterian church, in which he succeeded his brother, Rev. O. E. Frierson. In 1888, he was elected to the presidency of the Florence synodical female college. His last residence was at Gainesville, Tex., where he is buried. Married: August 21, 1862, in Williamsburg County, S. C, Margaret Gordan, who is also buried at Gainesville, Tex. Chil dren: 1. John G., physician, Florence; 2. Daniel Irving, d. February, 1872, at the age of five years; 3. William Rogers, d. February, 1870, aged eighteen months; 4. Sarah Camilla; 5. Danella Isadora, m. E. M. Muse, Sacramento, Calif.; 6. Jane Mcintosh; 7. Louise Margaret; 8. Lucy H.; 9. Martin Luther, jr. Last resi dence: Gainesville, Tex. FRIERSON, SAMUEL GORDON, lawyer, was born in 1805 in Williamsburg District, S. C, and died April 5, 1857, in Tuscaloosa; brother of Judge Gideon Blackburn Frierson (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of Tennessee; read law in Tuscaloosa with Eli Shortridge; admitted to practice, 1826; repre sented Tuscaloosa in the legislature, 1834 and 1835; postmaster of Tuscaloosa in 1838; elected JOHN L. KAUL DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 619 State treasurer 1840, serving until 1847, when he resumed the practice of the law. Last resi dence: Tuscaloosa. FROST, J. M., pioneer Missionary Baptist preacher. FROW, THOMAS J., early resident of Selma and founder of the "Selma Free Press." He left no descendants. FROXIL, JACOB, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 85, resided in DeKalb County June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. FRY, ANNA MARIA (GAYLE), authoress, was born at Cahaba, August 17, 1852; daughter of Rees Darrington and Mary Louisa (Gill) Gayle (q. v.), granddaughter of Dr. Thomas Worthington and Nancy (Craig) Gill, of Frog Level, near Selma, Ala. ; the former was born in Chester District, S. O, and removed to Cle burne in 1818, thence moved to Dallas County, where he entered large tracts of land near Ca haba, and became a man of wealth and influ ence; great-granddaughter of James and Mary (Gaston) Gill, of South Carolina, the former was one of eight brothers that served under Gen. Francis Marion; the latter had nine broth ers who were Whig soldiers. Owing to the War of Secession and the unsettled condition of the country in years immediately following the war, Mrs. Fry was educated entirely at home under the supervision of her parents. She was taught by a governess, Miss Anne Craig, and later was well instructed in Latin and litera ture by Rev. Dr. Sparrow, a prominent Presby terian divine. Married: April 9, 1890, in Gal veston, Texas, to Dr. Joseph Talbot Fry, son of Joseph and Amanda (Gidden) Fry. Amanda Gidden's mother was Priscilla Buford, of the same family as Gen. Abraham Buford of Ken tucky. Dr. Joseph Talbot Fry framed and drafted the present quarantine law of Texas, and on which all the other states base their quarantine law, was a member of the Texas leg islature at that time when he framed and intro duced the bill that has since so successfully been put into effect. Residence: Selma. FRY, BIRKETT DAVENPORT, lawyer, man ufacturer, and brigadier-general, C. S. Army, was born June 24, 1822, in Kanawah County, Va., and died February 5, 1891, in Richmond, Va.; son of Thornton Fry and wife, who was a Miss Thompson ; grandson of P. R. Thompson, who was a member of congress from Virginia, 1801-07, and of Col. Joshua Fry, who figured in Virginia colonial history. He received his higher education at Washington college, Pa., and the Virginia military institute. In 1842 he was appointed from Virginia to the United States military academy at West Point, but did not graduate. Reading law in 1840 he was admitted to the bar. In the war with Mexico, he was commissioned, April 9, 1847, first lieu tenant of Voltigeurs, a regiment of regulars, of which Joseph E. Johnston was lieutenant colonel; served as adjutant of the regiment at Contreras and Churubusco; led a company at Vol. Ill— 40 Molino del Rey and Chapultepec, where he was officially mentioned as "distinguished"; and served until the disbanding of the regiment at Fort McHenry, Md., on August 31, 1848. In 1849 he opened a law office in Sacramento, Calif. In 1856 he again became prominent in military life. Solicited to unite in Walker's Nicaragua scheme he joined that officer with a body of troops and was the commander sent to quiet the Matagalpa Indians. He fought at Rivas, and soon was made general of brigade, and assigned to the largest of three military districts. With two hundred men he made a successful defense of Grenada, when attacked by a large force, which lost six hundred killed and wounded, while the garrison lost but seven teen. Ordered to California for reinforcements, he assembled a force, but could not secure transportation. In 1859 he came to Tallassee, and took charge of a cotton mill, until the outbreak of the War of Secession. On July 19, 1861, he was commissioned colonel of the 13th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, which soon proceeded to Richmond, Va.; and thence to Yorktown, where on October 3, 1861, it was brigaded with the 8th Alabama, forming the 5th brigade. At Seven Pines he was se riously wounded, nevertheless, he, with his wounded comrades, remained on the field, bravely performing their duty to the last. He was again wounded at Sharpsburg and still again at Gettysburg, where he commanded the brigade after the first day; was captured and confined at Johnson's Island, being exchanged in 1864. On May 11, 1864, he was assigned to the command of Barton's brigade, and led this brigade in the battle of Drewry's Bluff. He was commissioned brigadier-general on May 24, 1864, and soon after, was specially selected by General Bragg as "a man of gunpowder reputation, and bearing on his person the marks of honorable service," to defend Augusta, Ga., which city was the only one in the Confed eracy not captured by the federal troops. At the close of the war he went to Cuba, where he remained until 1868, when he returned to Tallassee, and to his former work. He later came to Montgomery, but left on the death of his wife, and located in Richmond, Va., where he engaged in cotton buying and cotton milling, as president of the Marshall manufacturing company from 1886-91. He was an Episcopal ian. Married: Mattie Micou, sister of Ben jamin Micou, of Montgomery. Last residence: Richmond, Va. FRY, T. S., mayor of Mobile, June, 1900 to March, 1902. FRYE, JOHN H., banker, was born Decem ber 23, 1871, in Monroe County; son of John Hancock and Mary Amanda (Parker) Frye, who lived on the homestead in Monroe County; grandson of George Washington and Lucy (Wilkinson) Frye, of Monroe County, the for mer a native of Fryeburg, Me., who was gradu ated at Harvard college, came south about 1805, and settled on the family plantation in Monroe County, where he became a successful planter, and of Asa and Flora (Graham) Parker of Monroe County; great-grandson of 620 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Judge Frye, of Maine. The Frye family has been in this country since John Frye came from England to the colony of Massachusetts in 1638. One of his descendants, Gen. Joseph Frye was an officer in the Revolution, who was given a large grant of land in recognition of his services in the army. On this land he established the village of Fryeburg, Me., now a substantial town. The valor of his command in the revolution is commemorated by a tablet On Bunker Hill. The Parkers and Grahams were from North Carolina, of Scotch descent. Mr. Frye attended the public schools in Monroe County, was taught by teachers employed at home, and spent several years at the University of Alabama. After leaving college, he was employed in the First national bank of An niston, resigning his position there after two years to engage in private banking in the same town. He moved to Birmingham in 1903 and organized the Traders national bank, of which he has been president for seventeen years. In 1910, he organized and was made president of the Realty trust company of Birmingham. He is a Democrat, an elder in the Presbyterian church, and a Mason. He is in the course of preparing a book contain ing more than six hundred pages relating to the conducting of a banking business. Mar ried: in 1906, Helen, daughter of Dr. John and Cynthia (Gabel) Mushat, who lived at Hayneville, Lowndes County. Children: 1. John H., jr. Residence: Birmingham. FULLAN, MICHAEL THOMAS, teacher, a resident of Alabama, was born September 14, 1871, at Macon, Ga.; son of James Henry and Elizabeth Agnes (Ward) Fullan, the former originally from Ireland but a resident of Ma con for many years and a member of Long- street's corps, C. S. Army. Prof. Fullan was educated in the public and private schools of Georgia; entered the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1896, graduated in 1899 with the de grees of B. S. and E. and M. E., and in 1902, received the degree of M. E. Before entering college he had served an apprenticeship as ma chinist in the Schofield's iron works, Macon, Ga. Following his graduation he took up his work as professor of machine design and draw ing, Alabama polytechnic institute, and is now head of that department. He is a Democrat; and a Catholic. Married: November 23, 1898, at Macon, Ga., to Eleanor Christine, daughter of Franz Peter and .Catherine (O'Neal) Yaeger, of that place. Children: 1. James Michael; 2. Mary Martina; 3. Lysbeth Katherine. Resi dence: Auburn. FULLER, HORACE BURGIN, lawyer, was born October 9, 1878, at Montgomery; son of John Boswell and Jane M. (Mathews) Fuller, (q. v.). Mr. Fuller was educated in the com mon schools of Montgomery, and graduated LL. B., 1901, at the University of Alabama; en tered the practice in Montgomery; later ad mitted to the bar of Nevada, and was ap pointed assistant district attorney at Goldfield, Nev. He represented Montgomery County in the legislature of 1915. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; a Knight of Pythias; an Elk; a Red Man; a member of the Kappa Alpha col lege fraternity. Married: April 8, 1914, at Montgomery, to Beryl Ruhamah, daughter of James H. and Ida R. George, of Linden, Ma rengo County. Residence: Montgomery. FULLER, JEROME T., lawyer, was born Oc tober 21, 1874, at Centerville; son of Nelson and Elmina Harrison (Cleveland) Fuller, the former was a Confederate soldier, 1861-1865, member of the legislature, 1892-93, and 1894-95, treasurer of Bibb County, 1900-08; grandson of Mastin Jeremiah and Hannah (Menettie) Ful ler, the former a native of Marlborough County, S. C, who soon after his marriage removed to Alabama, settling in 1897 near Centerville, and of Carter Walton and Mary (Kersh) Cleve land, of near Centerville. Mr. Fuller was edu cated in the Centerville male and female col lege; read law in the office of Hogue and Lav ender; admitted to the bar September 6, 1896, and is now engaged in the general practice of law at Centerville. He was city attorney twelve years; and was elected a member of the legis lature in November, 1906. He is a Democrat; Presbyterian; and a Knight of Pythias. Mar ried: April 21, 1898, at Centerville, to Mar garet Kate, daughter of James W. and Mar garet Elizabeth (Gardner) Owen, of that place, the former was clerk of the circuit court of Bibb County for twelve years; granddaughter of James Wary Owen who was killed in the Mexican War. Children: 1. Margaret Ber- nice; 2. Jerome Theodore, jr.; 3. Nelson Owen. Residence: Centerville. FULLER, JOHN B„ lawyer and Judge, was born in Montgomery County, March 20, 1841; son of William and Eliza J. (Scoggin) Fuller, the former a merchant, served on detached in fantry, C. S. Army, a native of Marlborough District, S. C, the latter of Limestone County; grandson of Hamlet Fuller, who located in Montgomery County with his family in 1826, and died 1847, a valiant soldier with the rank of sergeant in the War of 1812. His early edu cation was received in the common country schools of the time and when he was about fif teen years of age he entered a store in Augusta, Ga., where he clerked for about two years. In 1858 he returned to Montgomery, studied law, was admitted to the bar and at once began the practice. In the fall of 1865 he was appointed justice of the peace by Governor Lewis E. Parsons and, with the exception of an intermission of two years during the recon struction period, he has held this office continu ously down to the present day. In July, 1862, he enlisted in the Confederate Army, but on account of defective eyes was discharged after a short term of service. Returning to Mont gomery, he was elected justice of the peace, but soon re-enlisted in the army, Co. D, Third battalion, Hilliard's legion, which upon reorgan ization became Co. C, 60th Alabama cavalry regiment. He followed the fortunes of his regi ment and fought in all its battles until the sur render at Appomattox. He has been an alder man of the city and served for several years as a member of the school board. He is adju- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 621 tant general of the first brigade of Alabama division, U. C. V., and is commandant of Camp Lomax, No. 151, U. C. V. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: (1) in 1868, to Rebecca, daughter of Captain William and Catherine (McCall) Shelby of Lowndes County, the former was born in Georgia and was a descendant of Governor Shelby of Kentucky; (2) in December, 1874, to Jane M., daughter of George H. B. and Catherine (Maysey) Mat hews, of Montgomery County; granddaughter of Captain John Maysey of Philadelphia, and of Dr. Franklin and Sarah (Burgin) Mathews; great-granddaughter of William and Elizabeth (Merriwether) Mathews; great-great-grand daughter of Governor Mathews of Georgia. Children: by the first wife: 1. James S., law yer; 2. Alice, m. W. H. Centerfit, of Montgom ery; by the second wife: 3. Kate Sanford; 4. Agnes; 5. Anna Rebecca, m. Prof. A. F. Har mon (q. v.) ; 6. Fannie, m. Fred P. Caldwell, lawyer, Louisville, Ky.; 7. H. Burgin (q. v.); 8. John B., clerk, Louisville and Nashville rail road; 9. George P., clerk, Western railway of Alabama; 10. Jane M.; 11. Paul B.; 12. Ruth; 13. Luther; 14. Margaret; 15. Justin. Resi dence: Montgomery. FULLER, LITTLETON, soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Tuscaloosa County; private S. C. Militia; en rolled on September 17, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $30. — Revo lutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. FULLER, SUTTON L., lawyer, probate judge, farmer and real estate agent, was born April 1, 1855, in Cullman County; son of Fleming and Minerva (Simms) Fuller, both natives ot Greenville District, S. C, the former a farmer, enlisted in Captain Stephen's company, Con federate Army, 1863, but on account of dis abilities was discharged and died in 1865; grandson of Jonathan and Jane (Hodges) Full er, natives of Georgia and South Carolina, re spectively, who settled in Morgan County in 1832, where he farmed, and of Joel and Eliza beth (McGlathery) Simms, natives of South Carolina, the former a captain in the War of 1812, and soon after that date removed to Mor gan County, where he farmed. Judge Fuller received his primary education from his older brother and being an orphan and the economic conditions of the times entailing restrictions on educational advantages he went to work at an early age. Later in life, however, after be coming a man of family, he returned to the school room and prepared himself for the prac tice of law. For some years he farmed, but in 1875, engaged in the lumber and real estate business. He began the study of law in 1879 and was admitted to the law course that year, and in 1890, passed a careful examination and was admitted to practice in the State and coun ty courts. For several years he was engaged in western land settlement and was the founder of most of the towns on the Chicago, Burling ton and Quincy railroad from Lincoln to Oma ha, west and through Kansas, Nebraska, Wyom ing, and Dakota. He also settled a number of soldiers in California on land warrants. He acquired vast landed holdings in Alabama and timber and mineral lands in the west. He was elected probate judge of Cullman County in 1898, his term expiring in 1904. He is a Bap tist; a Democrat; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: January 9, 1876, in Cincinnati, O., to Evelyn E., daughter of John G. and Jane (Moore) Hubert, both natives of Ohio. Chil dren: 1. Asa V.; 2. Nellie M., m. F. E. St. John; 3. Harry L.; 4. D wight C; 5. George H.; 6. Forney; 7. Evelyn; 8. Evelyn; 9. Gladys. Resi dence : Cullman. FULTON, ROBERT BURWELL, educator, was born April 8, 1849, in Sumter County; son of William F. and Elizabeth K. (Frierson) Fulton. He finished his college course in the class of 1869 at the University of Mississippi, receiving the A. B. degree, and in 1873 the A. M. degree. The honorary degree of LL. D. was conferred on him by the University of Nashville, 1873, South Carolina college, 1905, University of Alabama, 1906, and the Univer sity of Mississippi, 1909. He began his career as a teacher in the high schools at Pleasant Ridge, 1869; removed to New Orleans; later be came chancellor of the University of Mississippi and since 1906 superintendent of the Miller technical school, Virginia. He has served as president of the National association of state universities; president department of higher education, National education association; president of the Southern educational associa tion. Author: various articles on the State of Mississippi, published in the Encyclopedia Britannica, and numerous reports, addresses and articles on educational, scientific and his torical subjects. Married: (1) in 1871, to An nie Rose Garland; (2) April 2, 1903, to Florence Thompson, of New Orleans. Residence: Miller School, Va. FULTON, THOMAS, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 81, resided in Lawrence County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. FULTON, WILLIAM FRIERSON, farmer, was born November 12, 1840, in Sumter County; son of William Frierson and Elizabeth (Dial) Fulton, the former a South Carolinian, who came to Alabama and settled near Gainesville; grandson of Paul Fulton who moved from Maury County, Tenn., to Alabama, settling in Hale, then Greene County, and of Janette (Spence) Dial, who lived near Sumter ville. The Fultons first settled at Peach Tree, S. C, and from there moved to Maury County, Tenn., settling on a tract of land bought from Gen. Greene of Revolutionary fame, as a bounty for services in the Revolu tionary War. Mr. Fulton was educated at Pleasant Ridge academy, Greene County, and in 1857, entered Oglethorpe college, Georgia. He left school a few months before graduation to enlist in the C. S. Army, and entered the service as a private. He was promoted to sec ond lieutenant, Co. A, Fifth Alabama infantry, which was assigned to Archer's Tennessee bri- 622 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY gade. He participated in the first battle of Manassas, July 21, 1861, and continued in the service until the surrender at Appomattox, April 9, 1865. Since the war, he has farmed in Texas, Mississippi, and Alabama; was elected to the State legislature as a representative from Jefferson County, 1894-1895; and as a repre sentative from DeKalb County, in November, 1902. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: (1) September 6, 1866, to Mary Brown, daughter of William and Mary (Brown) Hudson, of Kemper County, Miss.; (2) August 2, 1883, to Mary Virginia Keen, of Woodlawn. Children: four sons. Residence: Collinsville. FUQUAY, ALDRICH PARTIN, business man, was born March 25, 1861, at Fuquay Springs, Wake County, N. C; son of David C. and Louisa (Partin) Fuquay, the former of Fu quay Springs, N. C, was a soldier from North Carolina in the C. S. Army, the latter was of Piney Grove Baptist Church, Wake County, N. C; grandson, of Stephen Samson and Sarah (Ausley) Fuquay, and of John and Elizabeth (Rowland) Partin, of Piney Grove Baptist Church, N. C; great-grandson of William and Mary (Hall) Fu Qua — the original French spelling of the name — the former came with Rochambeau from France to Newport, July 10, 1780, was a Revolutionary soldier, and an eye witness to Cornwallis' surrender, settled in Dinwiddie County, Va., where he became a farmer and Baptist, removed to Wake County, N. C, about 1810, and of Jesse and Amanda (Trulove) Ausley, the former a Revolutionary soldier from North Carolina, who was in the battles of Briar Creek and Cowpens, and of Louis and Rhoda (Bagget) Rowland, the for mer was in the Revolutionary army, and at West Point when Benedict Arnold betrayed his country. Mr. Fuquay was educated in the common schools of Wake County, N. C, at the Oakwood academy and Holly Springs institute, and was awarded a gold medal at the latter. He attended the University of North Carolina, but was not graduated; taught in the common schools of North Carolina, Georgia and Ala bama from 1886 to 1894; since 1894 has been in the insurance business at Alexander City; was mayor of that city, 1903-1905; representa tive from Tallapoosa County in the house, 1911. He is a Democrat; Methodist; and Knight of Pythias. Author: "The Selfish prayer," and "Does yer call it stealin' now." Married: De cember 30, 1891, at Doles, Worth County, Ga.. to Emma, daughter of David and Martha M. (Perry) Champion, of that place; grand daughter of Henry H. Perry, first of North Carolina, later of Twiggs County, Ga., soldier in the War of 1812, and of Micajah F. Cham pion, of Halifax, Va., a soldier in the War of 1812, and in the French and Indian War; great- granddaughter of Issac Perry, also a soldier in the War of 1812. Children: 1. Rewana Ethlyn; 2. James Aldrich; 3. Margaret Ruth, deceased; 4. Janice Partin; 5. Martha Louisa. Residence: Alexander City. FURMAN, RICHARD, tutor of chemistry at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, 1837-38. FURNISS, JOHN NEILSON, physician, was born November 2, 1879, at Selma, Dallas County; son of Dr. John Perkins and Elizabeth Mathews (Dawson) Furniss (q. v.) ; grandson of John P. and Ann (Neilson) Furniss, who lived at Columbus, Miss., and of Col. N. H. R. and Anne (Mathews) Dawson, who lived first at Cahaba, and later at Selma; great- grandson of Joel E. and Elizabeth Mathews. He attended the public schools at Selma, and D. M. Callaway's private school; entered the sophomore class at the University of Alabama, 1895; the University of the South, 1896; the University of Virginia, 1897; was graduated from the latter institution, M. D., 1900; and from the New York university and Bellevue hospital medical college, M. D., 1901. By competitive examination, he secured a posi tion of interne on the house staff of the New York post graduate hospital, 1901-1903; lo cated in Selma in August, 1903, and has prac ticed medicine, chiefly surgery, there since that time. Dr. Furniss was president of the Dallas medical society, 1909; is a member of the County; State and American medical as sociations; of the Southern medical associa tion; and an alumnus of the New York post graduate hospital association. In the fall of 1913, he was elected a fellow of the American college of surgeons. He is director of the Selma national bank, of the Selma trust & savings bank, and of the local Y. M. C. A. He is a Democrat and a vestryman in the Epis copal church. Married: November 6, 1906, at Selma, May, daughter of Charles Word and Caroline (McKee) Hooper, of Selma. Children: 1. Elizabeth Dawson; 2. John Perkins. Resi dence : Selma. FURNISS, JOHN PERKINS, physician, was born September 26, 1841, near Columbus, Miss., and died December 3, 1909, at Selma; son of Dr. John Perkins and Ann Frazier (Neilson) Furniss, who lived at Columbus, Miss., the former a native of Somerset County, Md., born December 26, 1808, who was graduated in medi cine from the University of Pennsylvania, went to Louisiana and later to Lowndes County, Miss., where he died in 1844 at the age of thirty-five years; grandson of Josiah Furniss, of Maryland, and of William Walker and Sarah Helena (Frazier) Neilson, who lived at "Bel mont," Lowndes County, Miss., the former an Irishman, who came with his parents, Na thaniel and Jane (Crawford) Neilson, from Ireland to Baltimore, Md., a captain in the War of 1812, who received a grant of land in Lowndes County, Miss., after the war, the latter a native of Philadelphia, daughter of Nalbro and Anne (West) Frazier, who died at "Belmont," January 19, 1835. Dr. Furniss re ceived his early education at Prof. Tutwiler's Green Springs school. He attended the State university of Mississippi, at Oxford, where he was graduated in June, 1860, in his nine teenth year. He enlisted in the C. S. Army as a private in Co. K, Fourteenth Mississippi regiment, which was later consolidated with the Forty-third regiment, and was transferred, nine months later, to the medical department as assistant surgeon. After the war was ended, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 623 he attended the New Orleans school of medi cine and was graduated, M. D., 1866, and at tended Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia. He located in Selma and engaged in a gen eral practice of medicine and surgery from 1866 until his death in 1909. He was a mem ber of the Selma medical society, serving as secretary of the organization from 1869 until 1875, and as vice-president in 1876 and 1877; was a member of the State medical association of Alabama; for many years was a member of the State board of censors and medical ex aminers; and in 1886 became senior life coun sellor of the Alabama State medical associa tion. He was a Democrat and a Presbyterian. He contributed a number of articles to the different medical journals of the day, one of the most important of which was an essay on the "Anatomical and Physiological Peculiari ties of the Negro," a large portion of which was published in the New Orleans "Medical and Surgical Journal," in 1874. Married: Decem ber 21, 1876, in Selma, Elizabeth Mathews, daughter of Col. Nathaniel Henry Rhodes and Anne E. (Mathews) Dawson (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Dr. Henry Dawson, m. Ruth Kellog Pine, of Frye, N. Y., reside in New York City; 2. Dr. John Neilson (q. v.). Last residence: Selma. FUSCH, HENRY JOSEPH, teacher, was born May 10, 1856, at Louisville, Ky.; son of Nicholas and Josephine (D'Autel) Fusch, the former a native of Alsace, at that time a prov ince of France, who came to America in 1854, settled in Louisville, Ky., where he was married the next year, and became a merchant in that city, the latter a native of Lorraine, who came to this country in 1853, and lived in Louis ville. He was educated in the public schools of Louisville, Ky., at Jarvis college, and at Trinity college, Hartford, Conn., where he almost com pleted the course. In 1876, he began teaching, remaining for two years near Brandenburg, Ky., as principal of the high school; taught languages and mathematics at Clarksville, Tenn., in the Broadhurst institute and male academy, 1878; was principal of the Spring Hill school, Tennessee, for three years; taught at Grand Junction and at Bolivar, Hardeman County, Tenn., for five years; at Columbus, Tenn., for three years; returned to Bolivar to teach for two years; was principal of Elk mont high school for two years; and accepted the position as professor of languages and mathematics at the North Alabama agricul tural college. He is secretary and treasurer of the North Alabama agricultural school; is a member of the Episcopal church; of the Blue Lodge in Masonry; of the Knights of Pythias; Odd Fellows; Woodmen of the World, and Elks. Married: December 19, 1899, Nina, of Athens, daughter of Benton and Eliza (Thach) Sanders (q. v.). Children: 1. Benton Sanders; 2. Josephine D'Autel. Resi dence: Athens. GABLE, JOHN FRANKLIN, Baptist minis ter, was born August 21, 1867, at Goshen, Elk hart County, Ind.; son of Charles Augustus and Christena Emilia (Barthel) Gable, natives' of Dormstatt and Mannheim, Germany, who emi grated to America about 1852, located in In diana, later in Ohio, the former a member of the 30th Indiana infantry, U. S. troops, War of Secession. The name Gable was formally Goebel. Rev. Mr. Gable attended the schools of Toledo, Ohio; graduated, A. B., Howard college, 1894; and attended Southern Baptist theolog ical seminary, Louisville, Ky., 1894-96. He en tered the Baptist ministry as licentiate, 1891, and was ordained August, 1892. He has served in Chattanooga, Tenn., Abbeville, Columbia, Florala, Bessemer, Albertville, and Montgomery. He is at present stationed in Gainesville, Fla. He is a Democrat; Mason; Odd Fellow; and Knight of Pythias. Married: April 21, 1898, in Montgomery, to Hattie, daughter of Burton and Teresa Upchurch, of Carrollton, Pickens County. Children: 1. Minnie Amelia; 2. John Franklin, jr.; 3. Elizabeth; 4. Virginia. Resi dence: Gainesville, Fla. GABOURY, JOSEPH A., civil engineer, was born April, 1852, near Montreal, Canada; son of Francis and Catherine (Lavigne) Gaboury, natives of Canada. His ancestors were among the early settlers of America, coming to this country in 1642 and locating in Canada. He was prepared in Montreal, was graduated from St. Hyacinthe college, and spent a year in Paris, France, to complete his study of mining and civil engineering. He returned to Canada for a short time, then wa' employed as civil engineer successively on the Cincinnati south ern railway, the Big sandy railway, the Fort Worth & Denver City railroad, the Knoxville & Ohio railroad, the Western North Carolina railroad, the Tidesville & Lake Harney rail road, the Georgia division of the East Ten nessee, Virginia & Georgia railroad, the Blue Mountain mineral railroad, the Arcadia, Gulf Coast & Lakeland railroad, the Columbus, Ga., street railroad, and the Capital City Street railroad in Montgomery. On all the roads except the Forth Worth & Denver City rail road, he worked as contractor as well as en gineer. He built the street railways in Colum bus, Ga., and in Montgomery, but afterward sold them. In 1885, he adopted electricity as a motive power, and is distinguished as hav ing, as a civil engineer, constructed the first practical and successful electric street rail way system in the United States, that of Mont gomery. He is one of the largest real estate owners and dealers in the state and is sole owner of the Blue Mountain -ailroad. He went to Jacksonville in 1887, and in February, 1888, in connection with others, perfected the organization of the Jacksonville mining & manufacturing company. He is responsible for the discovery near Jacksonville, of im mense beds of kaolin, which chemists and porcelain experts pronounce equal to any found in the world. He is a member of the Roman .Catholic Church. Married: (1) in 1876, Marion Dolan, of Columbus, Ga., who died in 1882; (2) in 1884, Alice O'Dwyer, of Montgomery, who died in 1891; (3) in 1892, Carrie Frank, of Jacksonville. Children, by first marriage: 624 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 1. John D.; by second marriage, 2. Francis; 3. Charles; 4. Arthur; 5. Philip. Residence: Jacksonville. GADDIS, WILLIAM PEACE, lawyer, was born December 27, 1841, in Coosa County, and died March 24, 1899, at Wetumpka; son of John and Elizabeth (Lloyd) Gaddis, natives of New nan, Ga. Leaving school in 1861, he enlisted in the early part of the year in the C. S. Army, joining Co. B, Twelfth Alabama infantry, was made a sergeant, and served until the fall of that year when he was discharged because of ill health. In the spring of 1862, he en tered the Second Alabama cavalry as second lieutenant; was promoted a year later to first lieutenant; and in June, 1863, was retired on account of wounds received at MUd Creek, Miss. He taught school from 1865 until 1869, when he moved to Wetumpka and entered the law office of Col. Tom Williams to study law. He was admitted to the bar in 1870; was ap pointed register in chancery in 1871, and held that position for nine years. He was for sev eral years president of the Wetumpka Bridge company; served several terms as mayor of Wetumpka; and at the time of his death was probate judge of Elmore County. He was a member of the Alabama historical society, a Knight of Pythias, and a Knight of Honor. Married: December 20, 1877, Ella, daugh ter of Col. John and Sarah (Hutcheson) Bass, the former at one time warden of the Alabama State prison. Children: 1. Bessie; 2. Zula; 3. William P.; 4. Eleanor; 5. John B.; 6. Charles B.; 7. Stella; 8. Lloyd. Last residence: We tumpka. GAGE, CHARLES PINCKNEY, business man, was born April 9, 1814, at New London, N. H., and died May 23, 1864, at Mobile; son of Asa and Abigail (Gage) Gage, natives of Pelham, N. H., who lived at Methuen, Mass., the former a farmer and shoemaker, who trav elled with his tools from house to house as was customary in those days, and was a great reader, too poor to get an education; grandson of Asa and Olive (Hovey), of Bradford, Mass., and of David and Elizabeth (Atwood) Gage, who lived at Pelham, N. H.; great-grandson of Amos Gage, born in 1718, a captain In the Revolutionary War; great-great-grandson of Daniel Gage, born in 1676; great-great-great- grandson of Daniel Gage, born in 1639; great- great-great-great-grandson of John Gage, who came from England in 1630, and lived in Bos ton until 1633, at which time he moved to Ipswich, Mass., and became one of the founders of that town. Capt. Gage moved from New Hampshire to Alabama, and was for a long time a prominent business man of Mobile. Married: January, 1849, at Boston, Mass., Sarah Crocker. Children: 1. Alice, m. Dr. Francis Harris, both deceased; 2. Frank, m. Odyle Gandric Post, both deceased, children, Alice, m. Mr. Smith, Concord, Mass., Olive, m. Mr.- Root, Concord, Mass., Charles, Portland, Ore gon, Robert, Maiden, Mass., Ripley, Boston, Mass., 3. Olive, deceased. Last residence: Mobile. GAGE, JOHN B., major and later lieutenant colonel, 14th Confederate cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. GAILLARD, JOHN, planter, was born No vember 16, 1814, at "Laurel Hill" plantation, St. Stephens' Parish, Charleston District, S. C, and died January 4, 1860, at Claiborne, Monroe County; son of Thomas and Marianne (Palmer) Gaillard (q. v.). He was educated in the Pineville, S. C, school, the Pendleton academy, of Winnsboro; at Mount Zion col lege; and in 1831 entered South Carolina col lege, but was withdrawn the next year by the removal of his family to Alabama. He engaged in extensive planting in Monroe County, and served in the Seminole War, about 1835. He was a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Mar ried: December 9, 1834, in Claiborne, to Caro line Rachel, daughter of Samuel Scott and Catherine (McConnell) Gordon, of Williams burg District, S. C, who removed to Clai borne, Monroe County; granddaughter of Capt. William and Margaret (Gregg) Gordon, the former a Revolutionary officer, under Marion, and great-granddaughter of John and Eleanor Gregg, and of James and Elizabeth (Hamilton) Blakely. Children: 1. Catherine Marianne, m. Alphonse Hurtel; 2. Henrietta Porcher, m. Thomas Alexander Hamilton; 3. Martha Re becca, d. unm.; 4. Thomas, m. Amelia Howard; 5. Sarah Blakely, 2nd wife of Alphonse Hurtel; 6. William McConnell, m. Amelia Hogan Ham ilton; 7. Elizabeth Richebourg, m. Wallace John Parham; 8. John; 9. Lydia Hamilton, d. unm. Last residence: Claiborne. GAILLARD, RICHEBOURG, lawyer, was born July 14, 1821, at "Laurel Hill" plantation, St Stephen's Parish, S. C; son of Thomas and Marianne (Palmer) Gaillard (q. v.), the former the great-great-grandson of Isaac Mazyck, the first merchant of Charleston, S. C, and the largest landowner of his day. In 1832 he removed with his father's family to Clai borne County and received his early education in the schools of his community. He spent eighteen months at the University of Alabama and in 1842 entered Yale university where he graduated from the law department, 1844. He studied civil law in New Orleans, and in 1849 went to California with the gold seekers. While there was assistant editor of the "Pacific News," and in 1851 assistant clerk of the lower house of the California legislature. He re turned to Alabama in 1852 and located at Cam den, where he edited the "Camden Republic" for three years. He was elected solicitor for the eleventh judicial circuit in 1855 and served until 1861, when he enlisted in the First Alabama infantry regiment, being elected first lieutenant of his company in 1862, taken prisoner at Island No. 10; was exchanged and re-entered the C. S. Army. He was captured in 1863 and held until the close of the war. He again en tered upon the practice of the law in Camden; and was nominated as delegate to the constitu tional convention of 1875 from Wilcox County, but was defeated by the Radicals. He was a frequent contributor to the press on subjects of the day. He was a Democrat; Mason; Pres- JUDGE JOHN R. TYSON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 627 byterian. Married: in Camden (1) to M. A. Caldwell; (2) to A. F. Caldwell; both daugh ters of Dr. John D. Caldwell of Camden. There were five children by the first wife. Last resi dence: Camden. GAILLARD, SAMUEL PALMER, lawyer and public service commissioner, was born March 26, 1856, at Perdue Hill, Monroe County; son of Dr. Samuel S. and Lucy Susan (Frye) Gail- lard, the former captain of Co. A, 42nd Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; grand son of Dr. Thomas and Marianne (Palmer) Gaillard, the former graduated with honors from the South Carolina college, was the au thor of many literary and historical works, removed in 1832 to Claiborne, and later to Mo bile, and of George W. and Lucy (Wilkinson) Frye. On the maternal side Mr. Gaillard is descended from Judge Simon Frye, of the well known family of that name in Maine. He is the fifth in descent from Pierre Gaillard, a Huguenot, who emigrated to South Carolina late in the 17th century, and settled on the Santee river. He was educated at Monroe academy near Claiborne; studied law under Peter and Thomas A. Hamilton, was admitted to the bar July 5, 1881, and has since practiced his profession in Mobile. He was elected a member of the public service commission in 1918. He served for a number of years as president of the Young men's christian associa tion of Mobile. He is a Democrat; a Presby terian; and a Mason. Married: in Mobile, to Louise Madison, daughter of Louis M. and Mary Frances (Harris) Wilson; and grand daughter of Lorenzo M. Wilson, long prominent in the railroad and business circles of Mobile. The second wife of Mr. Lorenzo M. Wilson was the noted author Augusta Evans (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Flora Madison; 2. Samuel Palmer; 3. Lorenzo Madison Wilson; 4. Walter Frye; 5. Mary Augusta. Residence: Mobile. GAILLARD, THOMAS, planter and author, was born April 25, 1790, at St. Stephen's Par ish, S. C, and died February 2, 1864, in Mo bile; son of Capt. Peter and Elizabeth (Porcher) Gaillard, the former a Revolution ary officer, under Marion, Laurens and Gen. Moultrie; grandson of Peter and Elizabeth (Le Clair) Gaillard, French Huguenots who left France in 1689 and helped form the French Colony on the Santee River, S. C; and of Peter and Marianna (Gendron) Porcher, of that colony. It was among these colonists after the close of the Revolution, that the cul tivation of indigo, as the staple crop, was aban doned, and cotton substituted. He was a juve nile pupil in the log-house school of his com munity; spent the years 1803-06 at Basken- ridge high school, New Jersey; and entered South Carolina college, graduating as vale dictorian and with the degree of A. B., 1809. He studied law for two years, 1809-11, under Abraham Nott, but soon abandoned the prac tice for farming, which he continued to pur sue both in South Carolina and Alabama. His crop of cotton, 1815 and 1816, netted $5,500 and $7,000, respectively. In 1816, he actively engaged in politics, representing the Parish of St. John Berkley, Charleston District, in the legislature until 1819; and was again elected 1826-27. He opposed firmly the doc trine of Nullification, his writing on the sub ject being published in the "Charleston Cour ier," and copied in the "National Intelligencer," Washington, D. C. In 1831, he bought lands in Claiborne, Monroe County, and in 1832, re moved his family to Alabama, where he planted extensively until 1851, when he removed to Mobile, where he continued to reside until his death in 1864. Author: "The Church of Christ," "The History of the Reformation," 1845; and "The History of the Huguenots of France" in manuscript form. Earlier he had written a book unpublished, "Science and Practice of Surveying." In 1848-49 he published in the "Philadelphia Presbyterian," over the signature of "A Huguenot," a series of historical sketches of the Huguenot refugees in England and America. He was a Democrat, but an anti- nullificationist; a Mason; and a Presbyterian. Married: May, 1812, in St. Stephens Parish, S. C, to Marianne, daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Richebourg) Palmer, the former a Revolutionary soldier, under Marion, and the latter a direct descendant of Capt John Gendron, the leader, and Claude Phillippe Richebourg, the pastor, of the Huguenot colony, which settled on the Santee River in 1689. Children: 1. John, m. Caroline Rachel Gordon (q. v.); 2. Dr. Samuel Septimus; 3. Dr. Ed mund, d. 1894; 4. Richebourg (q. v.); 5. Eliza beth Octavia, m. W. B. H. Howard; 6. Frank lin, It. col. 2nd Regiment South Carolina in fantry, C. S. Army, killed in battle of the Wilderness, May, 1864; 7. Lydia, m. William S. Alderson; 8. Marianne Gendron, m. (1) Edward F. Willison, (2) Maj. J. W. Spratley; 9. Peter James, d. 1869. Last residence: Mo bile. GAINES, EDMUND PENDLETON, physician, was born October 31, 1824, at St. Stephens, Washington County, and died December 7, 1884, at Mobile; son of William D. and Helen (Toulmin) Gaines, who lived in Washington County; grandson of Harry and Martha (John son) Toulmin, who lived in Washington and Mobile Counties. His early education was ob tained in Pinney's college, a private school in Mobile, of which Norman Pinney was prin cipal. He studied medicine in the office of Dr. Fearn, then went to Philadelphia where he continued his studies in the medical college of the University of Pennsylvania. He was graduated M. D., 1845, and practiced his pro fession in Choctaw County for two or three years, then opened an office with Dr. Goron- way Owen in Toulminville, where he remained for four years. He moved to Mobile in 1852, and practiced medicine there uninterruptedly, save for the period during the War of Se cession, until his death. In 1861, Dr. Gaines took charge of the Alabama hospital at Rich mond, Va., an institution, presided over by Mrs. A. F. Hopkins. His health failed him be fore the close of the war, and he was forced to return to Mobile, where later he resumed his partnership with Dr. Owen. For more 628 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY than thirty years, Dr. Gaines was at no time in good health. He contracted the lung dis ease in the fifties and suffered from it very severely for many years. His experiments and studies in his efforts to eradicate the disease from his system, gave him a remarkable in sight into the methods of meeting the attacks of the same disease on others, and having first cured himself, or having at least stopped the progress of the disease, he gave much of his attention to consumptive patients, who came to him in great numbers, and for whose relief he labored with a success which was regarded as phenomenal. Many cases are cited where his skill in diagnosis and treatment of this disease effected permanent cure, while to all who came to him he gave such assistance as soon marked him as a physician of eminent rank. From his entrance into the practice, he was a member of the Mobile medical society, of which organization, as well as of the Ala bama State medical association, he was at one time president. He was for many years a member of the board of health, and served for a time on the school board as one of the commissioners. He was professor of physical diagnosis and clinical medicine for many years and up to the time of his death at the Alabama medical college; was a Democrat, a vestryman for many years in the Methodist Episcopal church, and a Knight Templar. Married: Feb ruary 12, 1847, at Toulminville, Mobile County, Mary J., deceased; daughter of Gen. Theo philus Lindsey and Amante Elizabeth Toul min, of Toulminville. Children: 1. Toul min Gaines, deceased; 2. Amante, d. October 27, 1889, m. Judge Oliver John Semmes, who was son of Admiral Raphael Semmes (q. v.). Last residence: Mobile. GAINES, FRANK YOUNG, planter, ware houseman and soldier, C. S. Army, was born about 1825, at Demopolis, and died January 26, 1873, in Tuscahoma, Choctaw County; son of George Strother and Ann (Gaines) Gaines (q. v.). He was educated at U. S. military academy, West Point, N. Y., and was a classmate of General Grant. In the war with Mexico he served as lieutenant under General Grant, then colonel of the regiment. H was made captain of a cavalry company, the "Ruffin Dragoons" which was part of the 3rd Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army, at the beginning of the War of Secession. On July 1, 1862, he was commis sioned major but was forced to resign on ac count of ill health, his resignation being ac cepted March 19, 1863. At the close of the war he was offered a cabinet position by Presi dent Grant but declined as he was a Democrat and also declined the appointment of the governorship of the State for the same reason. After the death of his brother, George W. Gaines, in 1853, he took charge of his ware house and farm, and returned to this occupa tion after the war. He was a Mason and an Episcopalian. He was unmarried. Last resi dence: Tuscahoma. GAINES, GEORGE STROTHER, pioneer set tler, was born in 1784, in Stokes County, N. C, and died in December, 1872, at State Line, Miss.; son of James and Elizabeth (Strother) Gaines, the former a captain of Culpeper County, Va., minute men, during the Revolu tionary War, a member of the North Carolina convention that ratified the constitution of the United States, whose home stood on the divid ing line between Virginia and North Carolina; brother of Edmund Pendleton Gaines (q. v.) ; grandson of William Henry and Isabella (Pen dleton) Gaines, the former a native of Cul peper County, Va., and a member of the house of burgesses, and of Francis and Susannah (Dabney) Strother; great-grandson of William and Margaret (Thornton) Strother, of Henry and Mary Bishop (Taylor) Pendleton, the for mer of Virginia, the latter of 'Carlisle, England, and of Richard Gaines, of Culpeper County, Va.; great-great-grandson of Philip and Isabella (Hart, or Hurt) Pendleton, the former a native of England, who emigrated to America in 1674, locating in Virginia where he married and was a teacher, and of Thomas Gaines; great- great-great-grandson of Sir John Gaines of New ton, County of Brecon, Wales, and of Henry and Elizabeth Pendleton, of Norwich, Norfolk County, England; great-great-great-great-grand son of Henry and Susan (Carmyer) Pendle ton, of St. Stephens, Norwich, England; great- great-great-great-great-grandson of George and Elizabeth (Pettingall) Pendleton, of Pendleton, Lancashire, England, who were married some time in the fifteenth century, in Norwich County, England, where they afterwards made their home; great-great-great-great-great-great- grandson of John Pettingall, of Norwich, Nor folk County, England, and of George Pendle ton, of Pendleton, Lancashire County, England. Sir John Gaines, was the great-great-grandson of Morgan, the eldest son of Sir David Gaines, the progenitor of the Gaines family. The name was originally "Gam," after two generations changing to Games, which form was adhered to in Wales, but became in England Ganes, Gaynes, and finally Gaines. George S. Gaines removed with his parents to Sullivan County, Tenn, in 1794, and remained there until 1805 when he was appointed assistant factor of the trading house at St. Stephens, on the Tombigbee River. He took charge in March of that year and a year later was appointed factor, a position he held for fourteen years. In 1816 he removed the factorage to Sumter County, resigning three years later, and in 1822 becoming a merchant at Demopolis, Gainesville, Sumter County, was named in his honor. He served Marengo and Clarke Counties in the State senate, in 1825 and 1827. He assisted in removing the Choc taw tribes to a home beyond the Mississippi after exploring the country with their leaders in 1829. In 1830 he began merchandising in Mobile; for a number of years was president of the Mobile branch of the State bank; in 1856 removed to State Line, Miss., where he had already established a farm and served in the legislature of that state in 1861. Author: "Reminiscences of the early history of the Mississippi Territory," first part published in the "Mobile Register" in 1872, and second part in manuscript form, in Alabama State Depart ment of Archives and History. Married: about DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 629 1812, to Ann, daughter of Young Gaines. Chil dren: 1. James, married Rosa ; 2. Frank Young, (q. v.) ; 3. George Henry, m. Mary Earle; 5. Abner, m. (1) Miss Saffold, (2) Marion Stack; 6. Emanuel; 7. Helen; 8. Mary. Last residence: State Line, Miss. GAINES, JOHN F., lieutenant colonel, 53rd Alabama Partisan Rangers, C. S. Army. GAINES, M. TOULMIN, physician; gradu ate of the medical department of the Univer sity of Alabama, Mobile, 1890; licensed to prac tice by the County board of examiners, Mobile, 1892; annual orator of the medical association 1892. Residence: Mobile. GAINES, REUBEN REID, lawyer, was born October 30, 1836, in Sumter County, and died October 13, 1914; son of Joab and Lucinda (Mc- David) Gaines. He received his preparatory training in the country and private schools, and was graduated at the University of Ala bama, A. B., 1855. He studied law at the Cum berland university, at Lebanon, Tenn., and was graduated, LL. B., 1887. He practiced law at Selma until 1862, when he enlisted in the C. S. Army. He served as adjutant of the Third Alabama cavalry, 1862-1863; assistant adjutant, Gen. Morgan's brigade, Allen's division, 1863- 1864; assistant adjutant general, Allen's divi sion of cavalry, 1864-1865. After the war, he resumed his practice in Clarksville, Tex., in partnership with Col. B. *H. Epperson; was elected judge of the Sixth judicial district of Texas and served from 1877 to 1885; served as associate justice of the supreme court of Texas, 1885-1894; and as chief justice of the supreme court of Texas from 1894 to January 5, 1911, when he retired on account of failing health. He was a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity; and an Odd Fellow. Married: March, 1859, to Louisa, daughter of Hon. George D. and Elizabeth (King) Shortridge, who lived at Montevallo, Shelby County. Children: 1. Lelia Shortridge, Galveston, Tex. Last residence: Austin, Tex. GAINES, VIVIAN PENDLETON, physician, was born September 21, 1852, at Mt. Sterling, Choctaw County; son of George Washington and Eliza V. (Earle) Gaines, the former a native of Mobile, who attended the University of Alabama in 1835, engaged in the warehouse business in Mobile, later removing to Tusca homa, where he farmed and conducted a large warehouse, and who died at Demopolis; grand son of Dr. Joseph B. and Sue (Sloan) Earle, both natives of South Carolina, the former a physician by profession, and of George Strother and Ann (Gaines) Gaines (q. v.). Dr. Gaines received his early education in the public schools; attended Centenary institute, Summer- field; graduated from the medical department, University of Alabama, 1872; and from the College of physicians and surgeons, New York, 1873. He at once began the practice of his profession at Mount Sterling, removing to Mobile in 1886, where he has since practiced, and served as clinical lecturer on obstetrics in the medical department, University of Ala bama. He is a member and life councilor of the Alabama State medical association; mem ber State board of health and State medical examining board; and of Mobile County medi cal association. He is a Democrat; Metho dist; Odd Fellow; Knight of Pythias; Mason; Red Man; and Knight of Honor. Author: "Central America and Panama Canal," 1913. Married: March 7, 1879, at Summerfield, to Margaret Caroline, daughter of Netherland and Caroline Porter (Childers) Tate, both na tives of Georgia, who removed to Summerfield; granddaughter of Caleb and Mary (Middleton) Tate, the former of Lynchburg, Va., who re moved to Alabama in 1828 and settled the old Tate homestead, near Summerfield, Dallas County; great-granddaughter of Robert Middle- ton. Children: 1. Lila Earle, m. Warner Clif ford Clisby, Birmingham; 2. Carrie Tate, m. Richard Raymond Callen, Birmingham; 3. Helen May; 4. Maggie Bell, deceased; 5. Vivian Pendleton. Residence : Mobile. GAINES, WILLIAM D., an early settler in South Alabama. Married: Helen, daughter of Judge Harry Toulmin (q. v.). Deceased. GAINES, WILLIAM D., physician, was born September 26, 1870, at Mill Town, Chambers County; son of Robert T. and Martha P. (Wil son) Gaines, the former a native of Chambers County, who served in the Eighth Confederate cavalry during the War of Secession, and lived at Mill Town after 1868; grandson of Strother and Ann (Wood) Gaines, who lived in Cham bers County, the former a member of a Vir ginia family that branched out, some going to South Carolina, some to Elbert County, Ga., and of Lewis and Eliza Wilson, who lived near Lafayette. He was educated at Mill Town academy, and was graduated from the medical department of the University of Alabama, M. D., 1892. He practiced medicine at Mill Town for five years, and moved to Lafayette in 1897. He served as county health officer, 1913-1915; is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: December 6, 1896, near Lafayette, to Leila E., daughter of J. J. and Eliza beth Ann (Ratchford) Tucker, who lived at that place. Children: 1. Marie; 2. Will. Resi dence: Lafayette. GAITHER, GEORGE F., farmer's alliance leader, was born March 6, 1854, in Tishomingo County, Miss.; son of Richard and Matilda (Thompson) Gaither. When he was sixteen years of age, his mother died, and he came with his father to Etowah County. He was educated in Mississippi, and for fifteen years was en gaged in teaching school. He has been iden tified with the alliance movement in Alabama since its inception; was elected in 1888, sec retary and treasurer of the alliance exchange; and a year later was reelected to that office. In 1890, he was made general manager, de clined reelection the next year, and later be came a director. He was elected county super intendent of Etowah County in 1886, and de clined re-election in 1890. When the call was made for a national people's party convention 630 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY in May, 1891, in Cincinnati, he was the only man in Alabama who responded; was elected a member of the national executive committee, and attended the St. Louis convention in Feb ruary, 1892, and the Omaha convention the following July. He was elected chairman of the state executive committee of the party in Alabama, and as such called to order the Birmingham convention of September, 1892. He was one of the electors on the Weaver ticket, and canvassed the state. He is a farmer and has a plantation in Etowah County. He is a Methodist; an Odd Fellow; and a Mason. Married: December 7, 1882, Sarah E. Thompson. Children: 1. Italia, m. L. D. Cole, jr.; 2. Nora Agnes; 3. George F., jr.; 4. Rex S.; 5. Quinton Orestes. Residence: Etowah County. GALESPIE, DANIEL, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 77, resided in Chambers County, June 1, 1840, with David Taylor. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. GALLION, JO, railroad man, was born March 15, 1833, in Knox County, Tenn.; son of Thomas and Alvira (Deal) Gallion, both of whom were born and reared in Burke County, N. O, were married in North Carolina, moved to a farm in Knox County, Tenn., where they lived until their death. He received a fair education in an old field school near his home in Knox County, Tenn., and when he was about twenty-four years old, went out with an en gineering corps, which laid out the route of what now is the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia railroad. He continued as a railroad man for thirty-six years, engaged as a fore man of bridge-building and section work for about four years; was conductor on the Mem phis & Charleston railroad for two years; con ducted a train out of Corinth in July, 1862, when the Federal troops went into that place, at which time his train, together with six others, had to be burned to prevent its fall ing into the hands of the Federals; aided in the construction of a railroad from Meridian, Miss., to Demopolis; and when it was com pleted, was made roadmaster at Demopolis, which position he held until June, 1892, when on account of ill health, he resigned and ac cepted the less arduous position of claim agent. Some time after, he retired to his plantation, "Forest Hill," located two miles from De mopolis, where he turned his attention to farm ing and stock-raising. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, and is a Democrat. Married: January, 1869, S. A. Russell, of Russell, Miss. Children: 1. Thomas Travis, b. April 15, 1871, attended the Southern university at Greensboro, the Uni versity of Alabama, and was graduated, M. D., from Louisville medical college, 1895, physician at. Demopolis. Residence: near Demopolis, Marengo County. GALT, EDWARD PEGRAM, druggist, was born October 5, 1847, in Norfolk, Va.; son of Alexander and Mary (Raincock) Gait, natives of Williamsburg and Norfolk, Va., the former a druggist of Norfolk, Va., who was married first to a Miss Jeffery, by whom he had three sons and three daughters, and died in Rich mond of yellow fever in 1855; step-brother of Alexander Gait, a sculptor, whose statue of Jefferson at the University of Virginia is one of his masterpieces, of William R. Gait, a dis tinguished educator of Virginia, and of Dr. James D. Gait, a physician at Norfolk, Va. The Gait family is of Scotch origin, and the Raincock family of English. Mr. Gait was educated in Norfolk, Va., until the beginning of the War of Secession. He entered the C. S. Army in 1864, and was in the Harris home hospital, serving as apothecary until the close of the war. He resumed the drug business at Norfolk, Va., until 1866, when he came to Selma. He clerked in a drug store there until 1878, when he established himself in the drug business. He has served three terms on the state board of pharmacy as secretary of the board, and is a Protestant Episcopalian, of which church he has been secretary of the vestry for more than fifteen years. Married: in 1871, Annie F., daughter of Joel Riggs, who was brother of J. M. Riggs of Montgomery, and first cousin of Dr. Benjamin Riggs, of Selma. Children: three sons and three daughters. Residence: Selma. GALVEZ, BERNARDO, Spanish Governor of Louisiana, Captain-General of Cuba and Vice roy of Mexico. See Indian chiefs and asso ciated characters. * GAMBLE, ARTHUR EMMETT, lawyer, was born February 4, 1874, at Greenville, Butler County; son of John and Sallie Ann (Bond) Gamble, and brother of John Gamble (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of Greenville, at the Marion military institute; and was admitted to the bar in 1896. He was at one time a member of the city council of Greenville; chairman of the County executive committee, and member of the second district congressional executive committee. In 1910 he was elected judge of the second judicial cir cuit. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: January 28, 1903, at Greenville, to Bettie, daughter of Joseph Manning and Ida (Hawthorne) Steiner, of that place. Children: 1. John. Residence: Green ville. GAMBLE, C. B., educator; superintendent of the city schools of Greenville, Butler County. GAMBLE, FRANKLIN ASHURY, probate judge, merchant and a coal mine operator, was born September 30, 1830, near Calera, Shelby County, and died at Jasper; son of John R. and Jane (Mills) Gamble, natives of South Carolina and Tennessee, respectively, the for mer a Methodist minister who held many coun ty offices, served under Gen. Andrew Jackson in the War of 1812, removed in 1837 with his family and property to Walker County, Ala., where he died and is buried; grandson of Rob ert and Margaret Gamble, the former a native of Ireland, a soldier in the American Revolu tion, the latter of New York, and of James and Margaret Mills, of Virginia, the former a Rev- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 631 olutionary soldier. Judge Gamble was edu cated in the common schools of Walker County, and in 1855, left the farm to enter the mercan tile business in Jasper. He was elected pro bate judge of Walker County in May, 1859. He enlisted in 1862 in Co. F, 28th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army, and was later elected captain of his company, serving with Bragg's army in the Kentucky and Tennessee campaigns. He left the service at the end of that year on account of failing health, and did not again go into the field. From 1865 to 1868 he was county administrator, and at the same time managed a farm. He engaged in the mercantile business, 1869-1873. In 1874 he took charge of the "Mountain Eagle," a weekly news paper published at Jasper, and was its editor until 1877, when the office of the paper, to gether with the court house and other build ings, was destroyed by fire. He was soon af terwards appointed probate judge by Gov. George S. Houston, and held the position by successive re-elections until 1886. For two years he was president of the Walker County bank, after which he resigned. He owned the Gamble mines coal property, also a mine at Carbon Hill, and much real estate and other properties in Walker County. He was a local preacher of the Methodist church. He was a Mason; Odd Fellow, and a Democrat. Mar ried: (1) November 3, 1857, to Jerusha A., daughter of James H. Freeman, who was a Methodist minister for sixty-two years and widely known in Walker, Tuscaloosa, and Fay ette Counties; (2) in April, 1877, to Mary A.. daughter of Judge Thomas and Dolly (Wil liams) Owen. Children: by the first wife: 1-4, deceased; 5. Leila K, m. J. B. Car rington (q. v.); 6-7, deceased; by the second wife: 8. Frank; 9. Foster K.; 10. Thomas Owen. Last residence: Jasper. GAMBLE, JOHN, business man, was born August 21, 1866, at Oak Bluff, Pike County; son of John and Sallie (Bond) Gamble, the for mer a native of Jefferson County, Ga., removed to Alabama and located in Greenville, where he practiced law, served as a captain, Co. H, 33rd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and was a member of the constitutional convention of 1875; grandson of Charles and Elizabeth (Jordan) Gamble, who removed from Georgia and settled in Macon County, and of Baker and Elizabeth (May) Bond, who lived and died in Pike County. Mr. Gamble was educated in the common schools of Greenville; and graduated A. B. 1886, at Howard college. Reading law in the office of his father, he was admitted to the bar in 1887, but has never practiced. For a long time he was engaged in the real estate and loan business, but is now interested in the manufacture of fertilizers. On the resignation of Senator L. D. Gardner, in 1907, he was elected as his successor to the State senate, from the twenty-fifth senatorial district, at a special election held September 28. He served a few weeks in 1915 as secretary to Gov. Charles Henderson. He was mayor of Troy, 1893-95; president and treasurer of the Troy city school board for ten years; and since 1898 has been city treasurer of Troy. He is a Demo crat; a Missionary Baptist; a Mason, Knight of Pythias, and an Elk. Married: August 21, 1888, at Troy, to Alice, daughter of Capt. W. D. and Sarah (Berney) Henderson of that place. Residence: Troy. GAMBLE, JOHN, member of the constitu tional convention of 1875, from the thirty-first district. GANEY, JOSEPH S., educator; president of the Fourth district agricultural school. Resi dence: Sylacauga. GANTT, EDWARD, physician, surgeon and business man, was born March 20, 1790, in Ann Arundel County, Md., and died near Sylacauga, November 24, 1867; son of Robert and Eliza beth (Compton) Gantt, natives of Maryland, who early moved to Tennessee. The Gantt fam ily was prominent in Virginia, Maryland, Ten nessee, and Kentucky. They are descended from the old Norman English family of the same name. The American branch was founded by Thomas G. who married a Mrs. Gra ham of England, and emigrated to Maryland in 1660. Dr. Gantt, while very young, removed with his parents from Ann Arundel County to Tennessee, where he attended school. When he was twelve years of age he took over the management of his father's plantation and with the co-operation of negro slave labor made a successful farmer. At the age of fourteen he entered the medical department of the Univer sity of Pennsylvania, from which he graduated April 20, 1811. While a student at the Uni versity he had as one of his instructors, the famous Dr. Benjamin Rush. He served under Gen. Andrew Jackson as surgeon of the East Tennessee troops in the Creek Indian War, par ticipating in the battles of the Horse Shoe- Bend, Ft. Williams and Talladega. Dr. Gantt practiced his profession in Tennessee for sev eral years following his military activities but returned to Alabama which had won his inter est, coming on horseback and settling at Ca haba at that time the capital of the State. He performed a surgical operation in the course of his practice there that gave him immediate prominence. Later he removed to Selma, and organized the first medical society there. In 1823 he was elected intendant of Selma. In January, 1849, he removed to Talladega County where he owned and successfully operated the Gantt marble quarries. His mills were burned, however, in 1865, and he died before they were rebuilt. He was a Democrat and a Mason. Dr. Hardy in his "Selma: her institutions and her men, 1879," states that there is a clause in his will, "donating two handsome lots to the city of Selma, situated at the Southeast corner of Alabama and Franklin streets, for the purposes of a Lyceum." It is not known by whom this property is now held. Dr. Gantt was the father of one child, a daughter, Louisa, by Elizabeth Ann Battle. She now resides at St. Louis, Mo., and is the wife of Taylor. Last residence: Sylacauga. GARBER, ALEXANDER MICHAEL, lawyer and attorney general, was born May 15, 1867, at "Chessland," near Livingston, Sumter Coun ty; son of Dr. Alexander Menzies and Anna 632 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Maria (Rhodes) Garber; grandson of Michael and Margaret (Smith) Garber, and of Col. James and Elizabeth (Kornegay) Rhodes; great-grandson of Michael and Magdalene Gar ber, of Major Thomas and Agnes (Cunning ham) Smith, the former commanded a bat talion from Augusta County, Va., in the Rev olutionary War, and of James and Anna (Bass) Rhodes; great-great-grandson of Dr. Andrew Bass, a Revolutionary patriot of Dobbs County, N. C, and of John Cunningham, a private in the French and Indian War and the builder of the first house in Staunton, Va. The Gar- bers came from Holland to Pennsylvania, and thence to Staunton, Va. The Rhodes family were early settlers in North Carolina. Mr. Garber was educated in the primary schools; at the Livingston male academy; graduated A. B., 1886, University of Alabama; received honorary A. M. University of Alabama, 1889; taught school at Aberdeen, Miss., 1888, and at Livingston, 1889; studied law and partially completed the course of the law department of the University of Virginia; practiced law in Hale and Sumter Counties, 1891, and in the latter year removed to Talladega, where he re sided until 1911. He served as captain of the "Talladega Rifles," 1894-96, when he was ap pointed to the staff of Gov. Joseph F. Johnson as inspector-general with the rank of colonel. He was solicitor of the city court of Talladega, 1893-1898; represented Talladega County in the general assembly of 1898, and was re-elected without opposition in a primary held in 1904. He made an unsuccessful race for attorney- general in 1902, but in 1906 was nominated without opposition. In 1911 at the expiration of his term as attorney-general he resumed the practice of law, locating in Birmingham. He is a Democrat; an Elk; a Knight of Pythias; and an Episcopalian. Married: June 14, 1906, at Bowling Green, Ky., to Margaret Louise, daughter of Keenan and Margaret (Long) Hurst, of Cincinnati, Ohio. Children: 1. Alexander M., jr.; 2. Eugene K. Residence: Birmingham. GARDNER, BENJAMIN, lawyer, was born June 10, 1814, in Onslow County, N. C, and died November 24, 1902, at Palestine, Tex.; son of Thomas and Rebecca (Wallace) Gardner, of Wilmington, S. C, the former an architect and builder, and a minister in- the Methodist Epis copal church, South, who preached on the Orangeburg circuit in South Carolina, at Augusta and Macon, Ga., and in Florida ; grand son of Benjamin and Charlotte (Dunbibben) Gardner, of Wilmington, the former who was one of three brothers who came to America from Scotland about the close of the Revolution ary War, was married in Wilmington, S. C, and was lost at sea, while captain of a sailing vessel. He was educated in the common schools of Augusta and Macon, Ga.; entered as an ap prentice in the printing office of the "Macon Telegraph," 1830; was employed as a printer, successively on the "Times" and "Southern Recorder," at Milledgeville, Ga., and on the Macon "Telegraph," 1833-1838; published the "Georgia Mirror," at Florence, Ga., 1838-1840; established and edited the "Southern Whig," at Eufaula, Ala., 1841; was elected justice of the peace in Eufaula, 1847-1850; elected to the State legislature as a Whig, 1849; appointed post master at Eufaula, 1851; moved to Montgomery and became part owner of the "Alabama Journal," 1852; was admitted to the bar, De cember, 1854; practiced law at Troy, 1855-1867; in Clayton, 1867-1870; in Eufaula, 1870-1872; was elected attorney general of Alabama on the Republican ticket, 1872-1874 and lived in Mont gomery; spent the remainder of his life in Montgomery, and Troy and Palestine, Tex., with his children. In 1859, Mr. Gardner was elected captain of the "Quitman Guards," at Troy, and left Troy with his company, July 18, 1861, to join the Fifteenth Alabama regi ment. Sometime after December 2, 1861, he tendered his resignation as captain in person to Mr. Benjamin, secretary of war. Before the war, he was a Whig, opposed to secession, and after the war, was a Republican.' He was a Methodist, and for some time, a Mason. Mar ried: (1) February 14, 1833, in Macon, Ga., to Catherine, who died October 2, 1840, at Columbus, Ga., daughter of Dennis and Joyce Collins; (2) in March, 1841, near Enon, to Elisa Ann, who died January 8, 1851, in Eufaula, daughter of Birchet Harwell; (3) July 1, 1853, in Tallapoosa County, to Mrs. Harriet Louisa (Harrell) Sumner, of Elizabeth City, N. C, who died March 24, 1861, at Eliza beth City, N. C; (4) January 11, 1863, at Troy, to Ann Elisa Starke. Children, by first mar riage: 1. Mary Elisa, m. (1) Mr. Long, (2) William Kirksey; 2. Louisa Virginia, m. L. B. Doles; 3. Thomas Benjamin; 4. John Dunbib ben; by second marriage: 5. Frances Amanda, m. Judge B. W. Starke; 6. Samuel Harwell, served in C. S. Army and was killed in battle; 7. unnamed, d. in infancy; by third marriage: 8. Benjamin Howard; 9. Elizabeth; 10. Jose phine, m. William H. Clark; by fourth mar riage: 11. Bowling Starke. Last residence: Palestine, Tex. GARDNER, CATHERINE COLLINS, teacher, was born October 11, 1869, at Troy, Pike Coun ty; daughter of John Dunbibben and Julia Isa bella (Starke) Gardner, and sister of Lucien Dunbibben Gardner (q. v.). She was edu cated in the private schools of Troy; at Wash ington seminary, Atlanta, Ga., where she grad uated in 1887; post-graduate, Cook County nor mal college, 1893; studied at Columbia uni versity, N. Y., and at Southern university, Knoxville, Tenn. Miss Gardner taught in the graded schools of Troy and Chicago until 1892; in the primary department Isabell college, Tal ladega; was director of the model school, State normal college, Troy, 1895-99; and has had chair of methods there from 1899 to date. Dur ing the summer schools of 1908-13, she filled the chair of methods, at the University of Ala bama. She is editor of the primary depart ment of the "Educational exchange." She is a Methodist. Residence: Troy. GARDNER, JACKSON, member of the consti tutional convention of 1865, from Bibb County. DR. TUCKER H. FRAZER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 635 GARDNER, JOHN S., public official, was born August 20, 1840, in Bibb County; son of Jackson and Margaret (Boiling) Gardner, the former a native of Clarke County, born in 1818, a farmer, who served three years as sheriff of Bibb County, and twenty years as probate judge of the county, and died in 1876, his wife dying in 1889; grandson of John Gardner, a native of North Carolina who emigrated to Alabama at an early day and spent the remainder of his life in farming. He attended schools at Randolph and Centre- ville, receiving a business education. In 1861, he enlisted in the C. S. Army as orderly ser geant in Co. F, Eleventh Alabama infantry regiment. He was successively promoted to third, second and first lieutenants, and served until June, 1862, when he had an attack of pneumonia, was discharged and returned to his home. Three months later he volunteered in Co. H, Forty-fourth Alabama infantry, as first lieutenant, and served until November, 1864, when he was nominated and elected sheriff of Bibb County. He returned home to fill that office, and held it for three years. He was elected clerk of the circuit court, 1867- 1870; was re-elected, 1870-1872; was appointed register in chancery, 1873; and served until 1878, when on account of illness in his family, he retired to a farm and engaged in farming. In 1880, he was elected probate judge of the county; was re-elected in 1886; and held the office until 1892. He was a Presbyterian and a Knight of Pythias. Married: (1) June 21, 1861, Rebecca T. Carson, born 1837, in Centre- ville, and died February, 1872, daughter of Charles and Rebecca Carson; (2) Edna L. Parker, born 1838, in Bibb County. Children, by first marriage: 1. Mary V, m. L. D. Logan; 2. Lena B., m. E. M. Jones; 3. Margaret R. deceased; by second marriage: 4. Robert J.; and two others who died in infancy. Last resi dence: Centreville. GARDNER, LUCIEN DUNBIBBEN, lawyer and associate justice supreme court of Ala bama, was born November 28, 1876, at Troy, Pike County; son of John Dunbibben and Julia Isabella (Starke) Gardner, the former was born at Florence, educated in the old fielf"- schools, lived at Troy, in 1861 was elected 1st lieutenant of Co. F, 1st Alabama cavalry regi ment, C. S/Army, and left at the close of the war with the rank of captain, appointed so licitor second judicial circuit at close of war, was many years president of board of directors of Normal college, died June 18, 1895; grand son of Benjamin and Catherine (Collins) Gard ner, the former a lawyer and for some years prior to the War of Secession edited the "Ala bama Journal," published in Montgomery, was elected attorney-general in 1872, serving one term, and died in November, 1903, at Pales tine, Tex., and of Bowling and Eliza Gregory (New) Starke; great-grandson of John Starke, jr., who on November 8, 1775 was appointed a member of the committee of safety for Han over County, Va., and of Anthony New, born in Gloucester County, Va., in 1747, was a Demo crat and represented Virginia in congress, also Vol. Ill— 41 a member from Kentucky in the 12th, 15th and 17th congresses, and died March 2, 1833. Judge Gardner was educated in the common schools of Pike County; graduated from Troy normal college, A. B., 1894; University of Alabama, A. B., 1896, and in June, 1907, from the law department with degree of LL. B. He entered upon the practice in Troy in 1897; appointed in 1898 by Chancellor W. L. Parks, register in chancery at Troy; resigned in 1903; elected in 1906 to the State senate from the twenty-fifth senatorial district; appointed chancellor South eastern chancery division in August, 1907, and elected in 1910. On January 23, 1914, he was commissioned associate justice of the supreme court, and on November 3, of that year, was elected to fill the unexpired term of Judge John C. Anderson, who had been promoted chief justice; in 1916 he was re-elected for an other term of six years. Judge Gardner was for a number of years president of the alumni of State normal college at Troy. He is a Dem ocrat; Baptist; member of the Phi Beta Kappa honorary fraternity, and of the Sigma Nu col lege fraternity; a Knight of Pythias; and a member of the United sons of Confederate vet erans. Married: December '26, 1900, to Hen rietta, daughter of Henry Clay and Ophelia (Worthy) Wiley, the former entered the C. S. Army as a private in Terry's Texas rangers, afterwards rose to rank of captain of 8th Texas cavalry; and granddaughter of James McCaleb Wiley (q. v.). Children: 1. Lucien D., jr.; 2. Olive. Residence: Montgomery. GARDNER, SAMUEL SPRING, reconstruc tion official, was born January 9, 1831, at Cambridgeport, Middlesex County, Mass., and died March 24, 1899, in Washington, D. C; son of Samuel and Mary Rapal (Noyes) Gardner, the former a native of Newburyport, Essex County, Mass., who lived at Roxbury and Cam bridgeport, Mass., and at Brewer, Me.; grand son of Robert Gardner of Newburyport, Mass., and of Nathaniel and Mary (Rapal) Noyes, of Newburyport, Mass. The Noyes ancestry traces back to Normans who came to England with William the Conqueror. The progenitor of the family in America was Nathaniel Noyes, who came with his brother from Newbury, England, and founded Newbury, Essex County, Mass., early in the history of that commonwealth. Mr. Gardner was prepared in Brewer, Me., and Phillips academy, Andover, Mass.; was grad uated from Bowdoin college, Brunswick, Me., B. A., 1855; and had the degree of A. M. con ferred upon him by that college in 1859. He was graduated from Bangor theological sem inary, Maine, 1861, and soon after became Chap lain of the Seventy-third U. S. colored' in fantry, and later, chaplain of the Eighty-third U. S. colored infantry. In 1863, he went with the U. S. Army to Louisiana where he remained until the close of the War of Secession; and in May, 1865, located in Alabama. He acted as sub-assistant commissioner of the Freedmen's bureau, at Greenville; studied law and was admitted to the bar of Butler County, October 27, 1867; became probate judge of Butler County that same year; and was a delegate 636 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY to the constitutional convention at Mont gomery, November 5, 1867, where he was author of the provision closing the saloons on election days. He became connected with the U. S. treasury department at Washington, D. C, serving in the second auditor's office, in ternal revenue bureau, 1873-1899. He was deacon of the First Congregational church at Washington, D. C; was a member of the grand council of the Royal Arcanum of Washington, and served as deputy grand regent for two years. Married: in 1869, at Greenville, Ada- line (House) Livingston, widow of Capt. Lewis A. Livingston of the Eighth Alabama volun teers, daughter of William Heartfield and Nancy Thomas (Franklin) House, who lived at Lafayette, the former a pioneer in that part of the state, who fought in the War of 1812, and was a captain in the Indian War. Children: 1. Bertha Lee, Washington; 2. Arthur Noyes, m. September, 1902, Charlotte Safford Steele, Washington; 3. Susan Helen, Washington. Last residence: Washington, D. C. GARISON, STEPHEN, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 83, resided in Walker County, June 1, 1840, with Silas Garison.— Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 150. GARLAND, LANDON CABELL, educator and college president, was born March 21, 1810, at "The Grove," in Nelson County, Va., died February 13, 1895, at Nashville, Tenn., and is buried on the campus of Vanderbilt university; son of Spotswood and Lucinda (Rose) Garland, the former a lawyer and for more than forty years clerk of the court of Nelson County, Va.; grandson of Capt. James and Annie (Wing field) Garland, the former an officer in the Revolutionary Army who gave his life for his country, and of Hugh and Caroline Matilda (Jordan) Rose, the former a native of Virginia, member of Amherst County committee of safety, 1774-75, high sheriff, 1775, county lieu tenant, 1777-81, and member of house of dele gates, 1786-91; great-grandson of Rev. Robert and Anne (Fitzhugh) Rose, the former a na tive of Wester Alvis, Scotland, a descendant of the ancient and distinguished house of Kilra- vock, ordained by the Bishop of London, came to a parish in Essex County, Va., in 1728, and from that time until his death served contin uously as a minister of the Established church, of James and Mary (Rice) Garland, of Vir ginia, of Col. Samuel Jordan, jr., of "Seven Islands," on the south side of James River, in what is now Buckingham County, Va., and who was appointed by the general assembly one of the commissioners for making the James River navigable; great-great-grandson of Col. Samuel, sr., and Elizabeth (Fleming) Jordan, of Virginia, of John Garland, of Welsh family, who came from Sussex, England, to America prior to 1700, and settled in Hanover County, Va., at "Garland's Neck," now called "Black- well's Neck," of Henry and Susannah (Cooke) Fitzhugh, the former of "Bedford," King George County, Va., and a member of the house of burgesses from Stafford in 1736 and 1740, and of David Rice, of Hanover County, Va.; great- great-great-grandson of Col. Charles Fleming, of New Kent County, Va., of Thomas and Mar garet (Brasseur) Jordan, of Virginia, of Wil liam and Sarah (Tucker) Fitzhugh, the for mer a native of Bedford, England, a descendant of Bardolph, Lord of Ravenswarth, who came •to Virginia in 1671, practiced law, and was a member of the house of burgesses, and of Mor- decai Cooke, a native of Gloucester County, Va., and a member of the'house of burgesses; great- great-great-great-grandson of Robert Brasseur, of a Huguenot family, settling in Nansemond County, Va., and of Thomas Jordan, a native of England, who emigrated to Virginia; great- great-great-great-great-grandson of Samuel Jor dan, of "Jordan's Journey," and soldier under Sir George Yeardley, in the colony of Virginia, in 1623. Dr. Garland was educated at excel lent preparatory schools and graduated With first honors and the A. B. degree from Hamp den Sidney college in 1829, and later received the honorary degrees of LL.D. and D.D. At the age of nineteen he was appointed tutor of chemistry in Washington college, Lexington, Va., and at the end of the year was unanimous ly elected professor of chemistry and natural philosophy. During the winter of 1833-34, he was elected to the chair of natural history and chemistry of Randolph-Macon college, Lynchburg, Va. He was also professor of Latin pro tem, president pro tem for one year dur ing the absence of Dr. Olin, and in 1837, elected president, resigning in 1847. He returned to his father's home, studied law at Nelson Court House by correspondence with Beverley W. Leigh, and during this time was tendered the presidency of William and Mary college, but declined. Before he began the practice of law he accepted the chair of English literature, rhetoric and history, University of Alabama, and a year or two later was transferred to the chair of mathematics. In 1854, upon the resig nation of Dr. Basil Manly, president of the col lege, Dr. Garland was elected to the place. He filled that position with distinction at the same time lecturing on mental, moral and political philosophy. He served for about a year after the destruction of the buildings by General Croxton, helping to raise a fund with which to rebuild the university. In 1867 he accepted the chair of physics and astronomy at the Uni versity of Mississippi. He was made chancel lor of Vanderbilt university, Nashville, Tenn., in 1875, a position he held until his death. Married: (1) in 1831, to Mary, daughter of Col. Armistead Burwell; (2) December 29, 1835, at New Glasgow, Amherst County, Va., to Louisa Frances, his third cousin, daughter of David Shepherd and Jane Henry (Mere dith) Garland, the former of Amherst County, Va., who represented his county in the State legislature for thirty years and a member of the house of representatives, U. S. congress, 1809-11; granddaughter of Col. Samuel and Jane (Henry) Meredith, the former a captain in Colonel Byrds' Second Virginia regiment during the French and Indian War, captain of the Independent company of Hanover County, Va., that responded to the call of Patrick Henry, his brother-in-law, to recover the powder that DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 637 had been removed by Governor Dunmore, ap pointed colonel of the second of two battalions raised to be sent to the assistance of North Carolina, and in active service against the Eng lish near Hampton, Va., and of William and Anne (Shepherd) Garland, the former a sol dier of the Revolutionary Army; great-grand daughter of Christopher Shepherd, of James and Mary (Rice) Garland, the former of Al bemarle County, Va., of John and Sarah (Winston) Henry, the former a native of Stud- ley, Scotland, who emigrated to Virginia prior to 1730, county surveyor, presiding magistrate, colonel commandant of militia, of Hanover County, Va., the latter the widow of John Syme; great-great-granddaughter of David Rice, of Hanover County, Va., of John Garland, the progenitor of the family in America, of Welsh descent, who came from Sussex, England, prior to 1700, settling in Hanover County, Va., at "Garland's Neck" now called "Blackwell's Neck," and of Isaac and Mary (Dabney) Wins ton, the former a native of Yorkshire, Eng land, who emigrated to America in 1702 and settled in Hanover County, Va.; great-great- great-granddaughter of Isaac Winston, of Essex, England, who came to America in 1620. Chil dren: by second wife, 1. William Henry, de ceased; 2. Lucinda Rose, deceased, m. Burwell B. Lewis (q. v.) ; 3. Maurice Hamner, deceased, m. Lucy Gault; 4. Landonia Cabell, deceased, and 5. Louise Francis, twins, deceased, m. Prof. M. W. Humphries; 6. Spotswood, d. in infancy; 7. Jane Henry, m. Dr. Eugene A. Smith (q. v.) ; 8. Anna Rose, deceased, m. Prof. Robert B. Ful ton; 9. Caroline Matilda, m. John W. Thomp son; 10. Alice Virginia, deceased. Last resi dence: Nashville, Tenn. GARLAND, WILLIAM H, major in Garland's battalion of Mississippi cavalry; lieutenant colonel, 14th Confederate cavalry, C. S. Army. Probably not an Alabamian. GARNER, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of Butler County; service not given because of the loss of papers by the burning of the office of the War De partment, 1801 and 1814; enrolled on July 5, 1812; payment to date from January 29, 1812; annual allowance, $48; sums received to date of publication of list, $1,060.78; acts military establishment; transferred from Georgia from March 4, 1824. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess, 1833-34. He resided in Wilcox County, June 1, 1840, with William H. Wait, aged 81 — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. GARNER, JOS., Sen., soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 95, resided in Cherokee County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. 1 GARNER, JOSEPH, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 78, and a resident of St. Clair County; private Virginia Continental Line; enrolled on June 7, 1819, under act of Con gress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from June 26, 1818; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $1,506.39; transferred from Clarke County, Ga., from March 4, 1820. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. J GARNER, STURDY, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 72, and a resident of Madison County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on April 23, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $33.33; sums received to date of publication of list, $72.33. — Revolution ary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Madison County, June 1, 1840, aged 72. — Cen sus of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. GARNER, THOMAS HENRY, editor, was born December 4, 1869, at Tuscaloosa; son of Joseph Thomas and Mary Sue (Johnson) Gar ner, the former a native of Calhoun County, who lived in Tuscaloosa County from his boy hood, served in the C. S. Army as a member of Co. A, Twenty-sixth Alabama regiment, lo cated in Tuscaloosa after the war, was county commissioner for several terms, and deputy U. S. marshal at one time, the latter a native of Tuscaloosa, who was first president of the United Charities of Tuscaloosa, and had the Sue Garner Chapter of the Order of the East ern Star named in her honor; grandson of Reuben Allen and Nancy (Nally) Garner, who lived in Tuscaloosa County, and of William and Hannah (Byler) Johnson, of Tuscaloosa. He was prepared in the public schools of Tusca loosa, and the Tuscaloosa male high school; was graduated from the University of Ala bama, A. B., 1888, LL. B., 1890. He became a reporter on the Tuscaloosa "Times," 1888-1890; practiced law in the firm of Verner & Garner, 1890-1893; became editor of the Tuscaloosa "Times-Gazette," 1893-1915; reporter and as sistant editor of the "Daily Chautauquan," Chautauqua, N. Y., 1911-1916; alumni secre tary of the University of Alabama, 1915; su perintendent of buildings and grounds, Uni versity of Alabama, 1916, and editor of the University of Alabama Alumni News, 1917, the last three of which positions he still occupies. He has been director of the University of Ala bama Glee Club, since 1906, and director of the University choir since 1918. He is a Demo crat; a Baptist, being a member of the board of deacons, organist, and choir director of the First Baptist church at Tuscaloosa; is a Mason; a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon col lege fraternity; and of the Tuscaloosa Rotary Club. Mr. Garner is a trustee of the Central female college at Tuscaloosa. Residence: Uni versity. GARNER, WILLIAM, merchant and banker, was born February 9, 1853, near Ozark, Dale County; son of Wiley Sutton and Dicey Ann (Barbour) Garner, the former a native of Wake County, N. C., who came with his parents from that place to Dale County, became a farmer, and served in the Fifty-seventh Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of William and Elizabeth (Sutton) Garner, and of Matthew C. and Mary (Garner) Barbour, all 638 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY of whom were formerly of Raleigh, N. C. Mr. Garner was educated in the common schools of Dale County and was reared as a farmer. In 1872 he entered the mercantile business at Ozark, and in 1898 entered upon the business of banking as president of the Ozark City Bank. He has served as mayor of Ozark several times ; has been continuously a member of the Ozark school board since organization; was formerly a member and treasurer of the Dale County school board; was a member of the Alabama house of representatives, 1898-99, 1900-01, and in 1907 was elected to fill the unexpired term of Mr. Steagall. He is a Democrat, a Methodist and a Mason. Married: January 9, 1879, near Ozark, to Mary E. Carroll, daughter of Willis and Margie Ann (Barnes) Carroll, the former a farmer and member of the Fifty-seventh Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. Chil dren: 1. Allie; 2. Carroll B.; 3. Ralph W.; 4. William S.; 5. Susie. Residence: Ozark. GARNETT, ALGERNON S., physician, pro fessor of natural history at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, 1871-74; also physician and surgeon at that institution, during these years. GARRARD, WILLIAM, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 72, and a resident of Lauderdale County; private Virginia State Troops; enrolled on October 7, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $60. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. GARRETT, GREENBERRY, Methodist min ister, pastor of the Court Street church, Mont gomery, 1838. GARRETT, JAMES JACKSON, lawyer, was born March 14, 1837, in Edgecombe County, N. O; son of Henry Walton and Sarah (Sas- nette) Garrett, natives of North Carolina, who emigrated to Alabama in 1838, lived for a time in Sumter County, then in Pickens, and finally settled in Greene County, where they died; grandson of James and Eliza (Jones) Garrett, and of Zacharie and Elizabeth (Wilkins) Sas- nette; great-grandson of James and Rachel (Walton) Garrett; The Garretts are of Scotch- Irish and English extraction, the Sasnettes of French descent, and the Waltons were early settlers of Bertie County, N. C. Mr. Garrett was prepared for college at Forkland, Greene County; and was graduated from the Uni versity of Alabama, A. B., 1856, A. M., 1859. The degree of LL. D. was conferred upon him by the Southern university in 1894. In 1856 he began the study of law in the office of James D. Webb, of Greensboro; was admitted to the bar in 1857; and began to practice in Livingston, Sumter County, where he stayed until 1860, editing the Livingston "Messenger" during two years of that time. He was pro fessor in the Centenary institute, 1860-1861, and entered the C. S. Army as a private in Co. G, Forty-fourth. Alabama regiment. He served' with that command fourteen months; then was appointed sergeant in the ordnance corps of the army of northern Virginia. After the battle of Sharpsburg, he was in Law's brigade, Hood's division, Longstreet's corps, until early in 1865, when after, a competitive examination at Petersburg, he was commis sioned lieutenant in the artillery and ordnance, and ordered to duty at the headquarters of the army of northern Virginia. He took part in all the battles of the army of northern Vir ginia except second Manassas, Sharpsburg, and Chancellorsville; was on the field at Chicka mauga, Chattanooga, Lookout Valley, Knox ville, and during the winter campaign in east Tennessee. Shortly after the close of the war, he went to Greensboro and resumed his law practice for nearly fifteen years, during which time, he served for two terms as mayor of the city. In 1881, he went to Gallatin, Tenn., for a year, and early in 1882, went to Birmingham, where he was associated with the Hon. Ellis Phelan, later secretary of state under Gov. E. A. O'Neal. Upon the removal of his partner to Connecticut, he formed an association with Oscar W. Underwood. Before the war, Mr. Garrett was a Whig, but since that time has been a Democrat. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. Married: May 6, 1875, Celia L. Walton, daughter of John W. and Barsha Susan (Norfleet) Walton, of Greensboro. Residence: Birmingham. GARRETT, JOHN HAMMOND, legislator and soldier; was born in 1798, in Edgefield Dis trict, S. O, and died at Center; son of Stephen and Elizabeth (Hammond) Garrett of Virginia, later of South Carolina; grandson of John and Elizabeth (Steele) Hammond of Virginia. He was educated in Georgia; appointed major gen eral during Mexican war, 1846; died while in the legislature at Tuscaloosa and was buried with military honors, minute guns being fired through the day of burial. Married: Mary. daughter of William and Mary (Burnett) Hall. Children: 1. William, m. Mary Logan, of Arkansas; 2. Elizabeth, m. (1) Dr. Augustus Burt, (2) Selden L. Hale, of Virginia; 3. Mary Ann, m. Dr. B. C. Sparks, of Georgia; 4. Susan Bacon, m. Clark Hale, of Virginia; 5. Charlcie Ann, m. Chancelor S. K. McSpadden (q. v.); 6. Stephen, d. young; 7. Martha, murdered when twelve years of age, while returning home from Sunday school; 8. Thomas, d. in infancy; 9. John, m. (1) a Miss Wood, (2) Cicely Lowe. Last residence: Center. GARRETT, WILLIAM, public official, was born May 6, 1809, at Newport, Cocke County, Tenn.; son of William and Elizabeth Chilley (Gray) Garrett, the former a Methodist min ister, a trader and a farmer; grandson of Lewis Garrett, and of Thomas Gray, of Surry County, Va., who was king's counsel for Lu nenburg County, Va., in 1765, was a repre sentative from Dobbs County, N. C, in the colonial assembly of that state in 1768, and was retained as representative for Dobbs and Dublin Counties until the Revolution, was an intense patriot during the War of Independ ence, a member of the bar of North Carolina for many years, moved to Jefferson County, Tenn., in 1796, and was appointed by Presi- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 639 dent Washington U. S. district attorney for. the new state of Tennessee in 1797; great- grandson of William Garrett; great-great-grand son of Thomas Garrett; great-great-great- grandson of William Garrett, a Quaker, who came to America from England in 1684, with his brothers John and Thomas, and settled in Darby Township, near Philadelphia, where he died in 1724. The Garretts are of Saxon origin; in the sixth century quite a contingent of them went over to England and helped subdue the Danes. Again a number of them came to England with William the Conquerer. Mem bers of the family have been ennobled and knighted by the English royalty in church and state for centuries past, and they were ac corded a coat of arms which is still in use by the family in England. Sir William Garrett was lord mayor of London in 1551, and one William Garrett was first chairman of the original Virginia Colony Company. John Gar rett was raised from knighthood to the baro netcy of Lanier by James I. Col. Garrett was forced to leave school in his eleventh year due to financial reverses which came upon his father. Until he was twenty-one years of age, he assisted on the farm, and spent much of his time in keeping the records of his father, who was for thirty- three years clerk of the county court of Cocke County, Tenn. In 1833, he moved to Alabama and settled in Benton, now Calhoun County; engaged in merchandising first at Alexandria and later at White Plains; fought in the Creek War; was elected assistant clerk of the house of representatives in 1837 under Gideon B. Frierson, clerk; was elected clerk of the same body in 1838, 1839, and 1840; resigned the clerkship in 1840 on being elected secretary of state of Alabama, and held the latter posi tion without opposition for ten years; was again re-elected secretary of state in 1849 after the seat of government was removed to Montgomery; declined re-election in 1852 to retire to his plantation in Coosa County; was elected to the house of representatives in 1853, and unanimously chosen speaker of that body; was nominated for the senate in 1859 by the Democratic party of Coosa County, and was defeated by forty-seven votes in a total of two thousand three hundred three; was elected a delegate to the Democratic national conven tion at Charleston, S. C, as a representative of the Douglas Wing of the Democratic party of Alabama; was elected to the state senate from Coosa County in 1863 for a term of four years, defeating Capt. Leander Bryan, of We tumpka, and served until the legislature was dissolved by the close of the war; was ap pointed provisional secretary of state, July, 1865, by Lewis E. Parsons, provisional civil governor of the state; resigned that position and was elected to the State senate in Octo ber, 1865; served as chairman of the senate committee on finance and taxation; retired to private life after being disqualified to hold office under the reconstruction acts; was a member of the state constitutional convention of 1875; was. a Democrat and a Methodist; wrote and published during the latter years of his life, "Public Men of Alabama," 1872, tlie original manuscript of which, together with his entire correspondence and papers, was burned soon after his death. Married: (1) August, 1830, Tabitha Taylor, of Virginia, who died at White Plains, Cal houn County, 1835; (2) April, 1843, Julia B. Henry, of Mobile, daughter of Maj. William Henry, a member of Gen. Andrew Jackson's staff at the battle of New Orleans, and a cousin of Mrs. Rachel Donelson Jackson, wife of Gen. Andrew Jackson. Children, by first marriage: two, who survived their mother only a short time; by second marriage: 3. William H., assistant secretary of the state senate, 1865-1866; 4. Thomas G.; 5. Benjamin F., assistant clerk of the house of representa tives, 1872-1873, and assistant secretary of the State senate, 1874-1875; 6. Elmore, assistant clerk of the house of representatives, 1884- 1885, clerk of the house, 1885-1886, assistant secretary of the State senate, 1890-1891, and secretary of the State senate, 1903-1904; and two who died in infancy. Last residence: Coosa County. GARRETT, WILLIAM HAMMOND, soldier and Indian agent, was bora February 22, 1819, near Hamburg, Edgefield District, S. C, and died in 1863; son of John Hammond and Mary (Hall) Garrett (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of Cherokee County and represented that county in the house of repre sentatives, sessions of 1843, 1844, 1845 and in the senate of 1847 and 1849. As Indian agent he was instrumental in removing the Creeks or Seminoles to the Indian Territory from Florida. In 1861 he entered the C. S. Army, receiving the commission of colonel; in 1863 while in the active service of the Confederacy, he con tracted pneumonia and died soon afterward. Married: Mary Logan. Children: two, deceased in childhood. Last residence: Cherokee County. GARRISON, ETHRIDGE JACKSON, lawyer, was born December 6, 1860, at Pinckneyville, Talladega County; son of John Washington and Elizabeth Jane (Canant) Garrison, the for mer a native of Franklin County, Ga., and lived afterwards in various places in Georgia and Alabama, a high degree Mason; grandson of James H. and Nancy Garrison who lived successively in Franklin County, Ga., and in Talladega and Sumter Counties, and of Wil liam Lewis and Elizabeth Canant, who lived at Hamilton, Ga., and in Talladega County. The great-grandparents both paternal and mater nal lived in North Carolina. The great-grand father on the maternal side, Richard Tret- well, was a Revolutionary soldier. The an cestry was all Scotch-Irish. Mr. Garrison attended the several schools of Lineville from 1865 to 1878; he then entered the Agricultural and mechanical college, Auburn, from which he graduated in 1880 with the degree of A. B., and was valedictorian; and from the same institu tion received, seven years later, the honorary degree of A. M. He was a teacher for several years, being the principal of several institu tions of high grade. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1899. Prior to this, he 640 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY was at one time president of Clay county bank, at Ashland; was clerk in the war department, Washington, D. C, 1885-87; clerk in the bureau of education, 1887; was U. S. special pension ex aminer, 1887-89, again U. S. special pension ex aminer, 1893-97; solicitor county court of Clay, 1905-09; and since 1909 has been judge of the county court of Clay, appointed July 1909, and elected November 1910. He was first lieuten ant Co. C of the A. and M. college. He is a Democrat; has been chairman of the county executive committee; also the Senatorial execu tive committee; member of the 5th Congres sional committee; delegate to the Democratic convention at St. Louis in 1904. He is a Metho dist; a Royal Arch Mason; an Odd Fellow; and Knight of Pythias. Married: November 6, 1895, at Lineville, to Ella Catherine, daughter of Young J. A. and Elizabeth Prudence Bart lett of Lineville, the former was for a num ber of years tax assessor of Clay County. Children: 1. Mary Webster. Residence: Ash land. GARRISON, STEPHEN, soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, a resident of Lawrence County; private Regular N. C. Line; enrolled on April 26, 1830, under act of Congress of May 15, 1828, payment to date from March 3, 1826; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $680; P. W. Taylor, agent. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. GARROTT, ISHAM WARREN, lawyer, mem ber Alabama legislature, and brigadier-general, C. S. Army, was born in 1816, in Wake County, N. C, died June 17, 1863, near Vicksburg, Miss., and is buried there; son of Mrs. Mary (Sims) Garrott. He was educated at the University of North Carolina; studied law and was ad mitted to the bar, and settled in Greenville, but moved, in 1840, to Marion, Perry County, where he formed a partnership with James Phelan. He represented Perry County in the State legislature, 1845-49, and later was asso ciated with Judge William M. Brooks in the practice of law. In 1860, he was a presidential elector, and later was sent as commissioner to North Carolina by Governor Moore, to ask the co-operation of the legislature of that state in the Secession movement. On September 16, 1861, with the assistance of General Pettus, he raised the 20th Alabama infantry regiment, which was organized at Montgomery and of which he was made colonel. He commanded this regiment May 17, 1863, at the battle of Baker's Creek, near Vicksburg, where he was mortally wounded. His commission as brig adier-general was forwarded from Richmond, but too late to reach him. He was a Whig, and a Baptist. Married: Margaret Matilda, daugh ter of Dr. and Mrs. Emeline (Moore) Fletcher. Children: 1. William Burrell, deceased; 2. Mary Sims, deceased; 3. Sims Burrell, de ceased; 4. Emma, d. young; 5. John Fletcher, m. Floria Bute; 6. Thomas Ritchie, m. (1) Nannie Collier, (2) Alice Rushing; 7. Julia, d. in childhood. Last residence: Marion. GARROW, S. H, president of Mobile, 1818- 19; resigned; succeeded by Dan Duval; mayor of Mobile 1823-26; 1830. On the resignation of Addin Lewis, April 19, 1823, he succeeded him. He was a member of the constitutional conven tion of 1819 from Mobile County. Last resi dence: Mobile. GARSIDE, WILLIAM HALTON, druggist, was born July 7, 1828, in Yorkshire, England; son of James Garside, born in Yorkshire, Eng land, 1800, whose wife died there in 1837, who came to America in 1842 with his four chil dren, William Halton, Alice, Owen and Sarah, and settled in Paterson, N. J. He obtained his schooling in Paterson, N. J., and in 1848 went to New York City, where he clerked in a drug store for two years; moved to Montgomery in the fall of 1849, clerking in drug stores there until about 1855; went into the drug business on his own account and sold out March, 1860. After the War of Secession was over, he clerked in a drug store in Montgomery, owned by his former partner, Stephen Hutchins, for two years, and then, when Hutchins & William failed, continued with their successors, Blount, Wetherly & Company, until they also failed in 1870. He clerked for E. C. Fowler, druggist, from 1870 until. 1875; bought out an interest in a drug store; the latter year organized the firm of Garside & Alexander which continued until 1889, when the firm was changed to a stock company, known as the Montgomery Drug Company of which Mr. Garside was pres ident. He was also a director in the Walker County Coal & Land Company, and was for twenty-five years a director in the Montgom ery Gas Light Company. He was a member of the Presbyterian church; a Mason; and an Odd Fellow. Married: in 1860, Ella Turner Graham, daughter of Judge William Graham of Autauga, who was for fourteen years state treasurer. Children: 1. Halton, d. at the age of seven years; 2. Mary A., m. George L. Har ris of Montgomery; 3. William Owen, D. D. S., of Montgomery. Last residence: Montgomery. GARTH, JESSE WINSTON, banker, planter, lawyer, was born October 17, 1788, in Albe marle County, Va., and died September 7, 1867, at Decatur; son of Thomas and Susanna (Dourette) Garth, who lived on a plantation near Charlottesville, Va.; grandson of Thomas and Judith (Bowcock) Garth, the former who was of Welsh stock, came from England to Virginia in colonial days, and held offices there under the king and after the Revolution, and of Richard and Elizabeth (Davis) Dourette, III, who lived in Albemarle County, Va. Gen. Garth was descended through his mother from the Winstons of Virginia, and was a cousin of Patrick Henry. The Dourettes were de scendants of French Huguenots. He attended school in Charlottesville, Va., and later entered the school of Dr. Waddell, at Hillsboro, N. C, from which he was graduated at the age of sixteen with honor. He was a friend and class mate of Jefferson Randolph, and was often at Monticello, where he became acquainted with Thomas Jefferson. He studied law in Char- WILLIAM H. KETTIG DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 643 lottesville, Va., and was admitted to the bar at that place in 1809. He began the practice of law in Charlottesville, among such contem poraries as Gen. William F. Gordon, William C. Rives, and Valentine Southall. He served in the Virginia militia, on the coast, in the War of 1812, and was promoted to the rank of major. He was elected to represent Albemarle County in the Virginia legislature in 1815, where he met Hon. John Tyler, later president of the United States, between whom existed a lifelong personal and political friendship. Gen. Garth emigrated to St. Louis, Mo., in 1817, carrying with him testimonials of esteem and confidence from Philip P. Barbour, Gen. Gordon, Mr. Carr, and Thomas Jefferson, the latter of whom, in a letter to Gov. Clarke, of Missouri, warmly commended him as a young man of uncommon merit, who had been tried in war, in the legislature of his native state, and at the bar. Owing to the severity of the climate of St. Louis, he remained there but a short time, moved to Alabama in June, 1817, and located in Cataco, now Morgan County, where he engaged in planting and practicing law. He continued at the bar of Alabama for a brief space of time, then de voted himself mainly to agriculture, becoming in time, one of the largest planters in the state. He helped form the constitution of Alabama, and was elected president of the first State senate. He was elected brigadier-general of militia at an early period in the history of the state, and frequently served in both branches of the legislature. In 1831, he was defeated for congress by the Hon. Samuel W. Mardis. He was president of the First National Bank in Decatur, and built the Memphis & Charles ton Railroad. Before leaving Virginia, he do nated the land upon which the University of Virginia is located. Gen. Garth was a Whig; was baptized in the Episcopal church, but at tended the Presbyterian church after coming to Alabama as there was no Episcopal church there; and was a Mason. Married: August 23, 1821, in Morgan County, Unity Spottswood Dandridge, daughter of Na thaniel West and Sarah (Watson) Dandridge, who lived at Hanover County, Va.; grand daughter of Gov. Spottswood of Virginia; a de scendant of Lord Delaware; and a relative of Martha Dandridge Washington, and of Dolly Madison. Children: 1. Susan Elizabeth, m. Dr. Francis William Sykes, both deceased; 2. Sarah Dandridge, m. Dr. Charles Fenton M. Dancy, both deceased, child, Mary Lou, New Decatur; 3. Col. William Willis (q. v.) ; 4. Mollie F., m. Gen. John Gregg, both deceased; 5. Jesse Winston, jr., was elected to the State legisla ture from Morgan County in 1853, m. Virginia Manning, both- deceased. Last residence: De catur. GARTH, WILLIAM WILLIS, lawyer, was born October 28, 1826, near Decatur, Morgan County, and died February 25, 1912, at Hunts ville; son of Gen. Jesse Winston and Unity Spottswood (Dandridge) Garth (q. v.); grand son of Thomas and Susanna (Dourette) Garth, who lived near Charlottesville, Va., and of Na thaniel West and Sarah (Watson) Dandridge, jr., who lived in Hanover County, Va.; great- grandson of Thomas and Judith (Bowcock) Garth, of Richard and Elizabeth (Davis) Dourette, III, and of Gov. Spottswood of Vir ginia. Col. Garth's mother died when he was very young, and the greater part of his boyhood was spent in Virginia at school. He was grad uated from Emory and Henry college with honors in 1843, and enlisted as a volunteer in the Mexican War. He entered the law de partment of the University of Virginia and was graduated with distinction. He practiced law in Decatur until 1855, and then moved to Huntsville, where he continued his practice until the beginning of war in 1861. He entered the C. S. Army, and served as lieutenant- colonel on Gen. Longstreet's staff throughout the war. After peace was established, he re sumed his law practice at Huntsville. In 1876, he was nominated and elected for congress from the eighth district; was the nominee of his party again in 1878, but was defeated by Col. William M. Lowe, independent Greenback Labor Democrat, who was supported by the Republicans of the district. He was a director in the Memphis and Charleston Railroad, and a director in the First National Bank of Hunts ville. He was a Democrat, and served as ves tryman and senior warden in the Episcopal church. Married: June 21, 1855, at Huntsville, Maria Eliza Fearn, daughter of Dr. Thomas. and Sarah Shelbey (q. v.), who lived at Nash ville, Tenn.; granddaughter of David and Sarah (Bledsoe) Shelbey, the former of whom won honors at King's Mountain when he was nineteen years old; great-granddaughter of Col. Anthony Bledsoe, a distinguished fighter in the Indian wars. Children: 1. Winston Fearn, m. Lena Garth, resides at Huntsville, two children. Last residence: Huntsville. GARVIN, JOHN S„ major, 3rd, Smith's battalion Alabama infantry; major and later lieutenant colonel, 26th, O'Neal's, Alabama in fantry, C. S. Army. GARY, THOMAS P., merchant, was born September 23, 1829, in Abbeville District, S. C; son of William L. and Frances R. Gary, natives of South Carolina, who lived on a plantation in Lowndes County for many years after com ing to Alabama in 1831, and finally moved to Tuskegee, Macon County, where they spent the remainder of their lives. He attended the Literary college at Oglethorpe, Va.; studied medicine in the office of Dr. William Mitchell, at Tuskegee; took a course of medical lectures at the Charleston college of medicine, South Carolina, from which he was graduated in 1852; began to practice medicine in Tuskegee where he remained three years; located at Cotton Valley for two years; settled on his plantation in Lowndes County, farming and practicing medicine until 1871; moved to Wes- sen, Miss., and followed the mercantile busi ness several years; engaged in the wholesale grocery and cotton business in Selma in 1877, forming a partnership with William R. Ray mond which continued under the firm name of 644 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Gary & Raymond until 1888, when it was dis solved by mutual consent, and Dr. Gary's son- in-law, D. A. Kennedy, became his partner. He was a member of the Presbyterian church. Married: in 1853, at Tuskegee, Amanda W. Ligon, daughter of Robert and Wilhelmina Ligon, of Georgia, and sister of Lieut.-Gov. Robert F. Ligon. Children: 1. Mina, m. Law Lamar; 2. Leila, m. D. A. Kennedy; 3. Eleanor, m. J. F. Hooper; 4. Thomas E., and two others who died in infancy. Last residence: Selma. GASSAWAY, JAMES, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, and a resident of Shelby County; private, particular service not dis: closed; enrolled on May 17, 1819, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818; annual allow ance, $96; transferred from South Carolina. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. GASTON, HUGH, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of Wilcox County; private, particular service not disclosed; en rolled on April 7, 1836, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $20. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. GASTON, JOHN BROWN, physician, was born January 4, 1834, in Chester County, S. C, and died in Montgomery; son of Dr. John Brown and Mary Buford (McFadden) Gas ton, of Chester County, S. C, who had five sons in the C. S. Army, three of whom died in the service, the former a physi cian who died in South Carolina in 1863, the latter a native of Chester, S. C, of Scotch descent; grandson of Joseph Gaston, who fought in the Revolutionary War, was wounded at the battle of Hanging Rock when he was sixteen years of age, after the war became a successful planter, and served in the legislature of South Carolina; great-grandson of John and Esther (Waugh) Gaston, the former who emigrated from Ireland to Amer ica in 1830, settled first in Pennsylvania where he was married, moved from Pennsylvania to South Carolina in 1850, establishing the home stead, Cedar Shoals, on the Catawba River, who had nine sons, all of whom were engaged in the Revolutionary War, where three were killed in the battle of Hanging Rock, and one a lieutenant, died of smallpox during Sum ter's retreat from Wright's Bluff. The Gas- tons are of French descent, whose ancestors are noticed in history as distinguished and zealous adherents of the Huguenot cause in the early part of the seventeenth century. John Gaston, a great-great-great-great-great-grand father of Dr. Gaston, sought refuge in Scot land after the revocation of the edict of Nantes. The family afterward emigrated to Ireland. Dr. Gaston received his primary education in the Cedar Shoals academy, Chester County, S. C; and entered the South Carolina college, Columbia, S. C, of which institution four of his brothers were graduates, and was graduated, A. B., December, 1852. Among his classmates at college were Judge Joshua Hudson, later judge of the circuit court of South Carolina; Leroy F. Yeomans, since attorney general of South Carolina; and Samuel W. Melton, at torney general of South Carolina in Gov. D. H. Chamberlain's administration. He commenced the study of medicine in Columbia, S. C, under his brother, Dr. I. McFadden Gaston, and in the fall of 1853, went to Philadelphia, where he entered the medical department of the Uni versity of Pennsylvania, receiving private in struction from Dr. John Neil, in addition to attending the regular course of lectures. He was graduated from the university, M. D., May 5, 1855, and began his practice in York County, S. C. He remained there until May, 1857, when he moved to Montgomery, and formed a part nership with Dr. Nathan Bozeman, which continued until Dr. Bozeman moved to New Orleans two years later. Dr. Gaston continued to conduct a general practice in Montgomery until 1861, when he was commissioned by Gov. Andrew B. Moore, surgeon of the state militia, and ordered to Fort Morgan, where he remained about two months. On July 19, 1861, he was appointed surgeon of the Fourteenth Alabama regiment, and accompanied it to the Potomac where it formed part of the army of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston. He was present with his regiment on the march through the peninsula to meet Gen. McClellan, and afterward as they fell back on Richmond, and through the seven days' fight around that city. He took part in the Second battle of Manassas, the battles of Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg. After the latter battle, in July, 1863, he was appointed surgeon of Gen. Wil cox's brigade with the title of "Senior surgeon of brigade," and with it took part in all the battles from the Wilderness down to Peters burg. Soon after his arrival there, he was ordered to Richmond and placed in charge of the Alabama division of the Howard Grove hospital, a very extensive institution of which his division alone occupied five hundred fifty beds. He remained in charge there until the surrender, when he returned south. He recom menced the practice of medicine in Montgomery in partnership with Dr. W. I. Holt, with whom he remained associated until 1870. After that time, he conducted his practice alone. Since his residence in Montgomery, Dr. Gas ton has been a member of the Montgomery Medical Society, and has been its president more than once. He became a member of the Alabama Medical Association in 1869, in which year he delivered the annual oration, has been counsellor of the association since 1875, and was its president in 1882. For many years, he was a member of the board of censors, of the committee of public health, and of the state board of medical examiners. He was a member of the section of state medicine and public hygiene of the American Medical As sociation, 1875-1876. He has served on the city council of Montgomery, was elected mayor of the city in 1881, and re-elected without opposi tion in 1885. He was influential in securing from the State legislature the passage of the law to establish boards of health in Alabama, and his message, as president of the state DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 645 medical association, read at the session of 1882, attacking the then existing penal system of Alabama, was directly responsible for a thorough revision of the law. Dr. Gaston's best-known contribution to the literature of medicine is the paper published in January, 1876, in the "American Journal of Medical Sciences," under the title, "Medico-legal Evi dence of Independent Life in the New Born Child." Married: November 11, 1857, in Meck lenburg County, Sallie J. Torrence, daughter of James J. Torrence of that place. Children: 1. Bernard; 2. daughter; 3. daughter; and two others who died in infancy. Last residence: Montgomery. GASTON, OLIVER, Confederate officer, and prominent citizen of Madison County. De ceased. Last address: Huntsville. GATCHELL, EDWARD SAMUEL, merchant, was bora December 27, 1863, at Selma, and died May 3, 1906, at Selma; son of Henry and Susan J. (King) Gatchell, natives respectively of Ireland and Alabama. He was reared in Selma, and because of the early death of his father in 1869, found it necessary to divide his time between working and attending school. He attended the Dallas academy; for three years remained in the office of J. C. Graham & Company, cotton merchants; then attended school for a brief season; became clerk in the drug store of Cawthon & Coleman, of Selma, for two years; attended Prof. Cal laway's school at Selma during the winter of 1879-1880; and in July, 1880, went into the store of Brooks & Wilkins, druggists at Selma, with whom he remained until 1883, becoming in the meantime a licensed druggist. He be came express messenger with the Southern Express Company, 1883-1885; clerk in the wholesale grocery store of H. C. Keeble & Company, 1885-1887; first agent of the Balti more & Ohio Express Company at Selma, 1887, from which position he withdrew in order to devote his whole attention to the book and stationery business he had entered upon, with Walter S. Butler as partner, the year before. At the time of his death, Mr. Gatchell was proprietor of the Gatchell Drug Company, of Selma. He was an elder in the Presbyterian church; an Odd Fellow; and was past grand high priest of the grand chapter of Alabama Masonry. Married: March 6, 1888, Minnie S. Taylor, of Montgomery. Four children. Last residence: Selma. GAVIN, C. W., Methodist minister, chaplain of the 117th field artillery, U. S. Army, during the Epropean War; member of the Alabama Conference. Residence: U. S. Army. GAVIN, R. S., Misslonery Baptist minister; living in 1913. Residence: Huntsville. GAY, HENRY MITCHELL, legislator, was born March 8, 1812, and died March 17, 1865; son of Gilbert Gay and wife, Miss Reynolds, the former a native of London, England, who came to America at the age of nine with his father, settled in Rhode Island but later removed to Kentucky where he became a slave trader; grandson of Thomas Gay, a native of London, England, who emigrated to America and set tled in Rhode Island, later in Kentucky. Henry M. Gay removed to Randolph County; repre sented this county in the State senate, 1853; and also in the constitutional convention of 1861. He belonged to the Douglas or Union party; and was a Methodist. Married: in Heard County, Ga., to the daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Awbrey. Children: There were chil dren to this marriage, among these: 1. Gilbert, of Malone. Last residence: Randolph County. GAY, JOHN L., acting professor of ancient languages, at the University of Alabama, 1835. GAY, SAMUEL GILBERT, physician and surgeon, was born December 11, 1864, at Rich mond, Dallas County, son of John Asa and Olivia (Culley) Gay, the former a Confederate soldier and planter; grandson of Reason and Nancy Gay of Newton County, Ga., and of John and Elizabeth Culley of Dallas County, formerly of Kentucky. The founders of the Gay family in America having a southern branch were John, William and Thomas Gay, brothers, who came from England in 1630. John settled in Massachusetts. William and Thomas located in Virginia, the former later returning to Eng land. Later descendants removed to North Carolina and Georgia. Dr. Samuel Gilbert Gay received his early education from tutors and local schools. His professional training was acquired at the medical department of the Uni versity of Alabama, from which he graduated in 1884; clinics of New York, Johns Hopkins, Harvard, Berlin, London, and Rotenda Hos pital of Dublin, Ireland; entered in the prac tice in Selma 1887. He has been president of Dallas County medical society; health officer, Dallas County; chairman board of censors; vice president Alabama State medical association; member State public health committee; state board medical examiners; Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: Corinne M., daughter of David and Harriet Putnam (McGill) Turner of Mobile; granddaughter of Charles and Nancy (Cochran) Turner, the former a native of Barnville District, S. C, the latter of Mobile and of Niel and Susan Putnam (Johnston) Mc Gill, the former a native of Glasgow, Scotland, who removed with his parents to Wilmington, N. C, the latter a native of Georgia; great- granddaughter of Noel and Sarah Turner, the former a native of London, England, and a Revolutionary soldier, the latter a native of South Carolina, and of James and Elizabeth Johnston of Georgia. Children: 1. Corinne Furniss. Residence: Selma. GAY, STONEWALL JACKSON, physician, was born May 28, 1863, at Daviston, Tallapoosa County; son of James Shackelford and Mary Ann (Brown) Gay, the former born at Talbot ton, Talbot County, Ga., lived at Daviston, in the War of Secession; was lieutenant in Round Head Thompson's company; grandson of John Gay, who lived at Talbotton, and of Absalom Brown, who lived in Florida. From the age of five to that of nine years, he attended a 646 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY country school at Old Camp Ground. In March, 1888, he was graduated from the College of physicians and surgeons in Atlanta, Ga., receiv ing a gold medal for highest rating in the prac tice of medicine. From 1888 to 1897 he prac ticed at Almond, Randolph County; from the latter date he has practiced at Lineville, Clay County. He was the second mayor of Line ville. In 1903 he was appointed to the posi tion of judge of the probate court, of Clay County, and completed an unexpired term. At different times he has been a member of the Democratic executive committee of the county, in 1904 was chairman of the campaign commit tee, and chairman of the 1913 amendment cam paign of Clay County. He is a member of medical societies, and was a member of the board of censors. He is a Methodist; a Mason; Odd Fellow; Woodman of the World; Knight of Pythias. Married: July 22, 1888, at Daviston, to Sarah Frances, daughter of James A. and Amanda Killgore, who lived at Daviston; grand daughter of Simeon Killgore. Children: 1. Brinton Bizzelle, graduated University of Ala bama, June, 1910, and the College of physicians and surgeons, Atlanta, May, 1913, m. Regina Daniel; 2. Eunice, graduated Alabama girl's technical institute, Montevallo, June, 1909, and at Randolph-Macon woman's college, Lynch burg, Va., June, 1913; 3. Inez, student Alabama girl's technical institute, Montevallo, and Ran dolph-Macon woman's college. Residence: Line ville. GAYLE, BRISTOR B., Confederate soldier, was born in Suffolk County, Va., and died Sep tember 14, 1862, at Boonesboro, Md. He came to Alabama shortly before the outbreak of the War of Secession, and settled in Morgan County. He taught school in Somerville until hostili ties began, then enlisted in Co. H, Twelfth Alabama infantry regiment, July 8, 1861, at Decatur. He was elected captain of his com pany, was later promoted to lieutenant-colonel, and on June 1, 1862, to colonel. He had been back with his regiment only a few days after being home on a sick furlough, when he was killed in the battle of Boonesboro, Md., listed in the U. S. war department as the battle of Crampton's Gap, September 14, 1862. It is probable that Col. Gayle was buried on the battlefield as the Federal troops took posses sion of that field after the battle. The com pany of which Col. Gayle was the first captain, had four captains. The second was Capt. J. H. Darwin, killed at the battle of Seven Pines; the third, Capt. M. B. Robinson, jr., resigned after the battle of Sharpsburg; and the fourth, Capt. A. E. Hewlett, wounded and captured at Winchester, in the same battle that Maj-Gen. Robert Emmet Rodes was killed. Last resi dence: Morgan County. GAYLE, GEORGE WASHINGTON, lawyer, U. S. district attorney, and member Alabama legislature, was born in 1807, in Abbeville, S. C; son of John Gayle, jr., and wife, a Miss Whitehead, of Virginia and South Carolina, who removed to Alabama about 1811, settling in Monroe County; grandson of John and Maria (Billups) Gayle, of Virginia; nephew of Mathew Gayle, sr.; cousin of Governor John Gayle (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of St. Stephens; read law in Tuscaloosa; ad mitted to the bar in 1832; located at Cahaba, 1832; represented Dallas county in the legis lature, 1833, and was re-elected. He was U. S. district attorney, under President Van Buren. He was for several years connected with journalism. He was an ardent States Rights Democrat. He assisted in prosecuting the War of Secession so actively and expressed his views so freely that at the close of the war, the Federal authorities arrested him "for con spiracy in the assassination of President Lin coln"; but he was discharged without a trial. Married: (1) to Margaret Komegay, a niece of William R. King; (2) to Joanna Gleason, of Tuscaloosa. Children: by the first wife: 1. Thomas King, died in Cuba; 2. Margaret King, m. Thomas C. Brown of Cahaba; by the second wife; 3. Alice, m. A. C. Hargrove of Texas; 4. Sallie Heutis, m. Wilbur Brown, of Selma; 5. Mary A., m. Columbus Gayle. Last residence: Selma. GAYLE, JOHN, lawyer, jurist, legislator, con gressman, sixth governor of Alabama, was born September 11, 1792, in Sumter District, S. C, and died in Mobile, July 21, 1859; son of Mat thew and Mary (Reese) Gayle (q. v.). He was educated at the Newberry academy and the South Carolina college, graduating from the lat ter in 1813. He studied law, after removing to Alabama, under A. S. Lipscomb and was admit ted to the practice in 1818. At the first session of the Territorial legislature of Alabama, he was elected a member of the legislative council. In 1819 he was elected solicitor of the first judicial circuit, and in 1822 was chosen as rep resentative in the Alabama legislature from Monroe County. He became judge of the third circuit in 1823, and in 1828 was appointed to the State supreme court, but resigned the following year to serve Greene County in the legislature. He was made speaker of the house, and served in that capacity until 1831, when he was elected governor of Alabama. During his administration, the Creek Indians were re moved to the West; also the first railroad in the State was built, forty-four miles long, from Tuscumbia to Decatur by way of Courtland, and the first cotton factory, Bell Factory, Mad ison County, was incorporated in 1833 by the legislature. In 1836, and in 1840 he was pres idential elector, voting for Judge White. In 1847 he was^elected to membership in con gress, and tenyears later, 1849, was approved district judge for the U. S. district court of Alabama, which position he held until his death. He did not seek office but his friends forced him to accept political preferment and when a candidate never lost an election. He was a Whig and an anti-nullification man; a strict prohibitionist; and a Presbyterian. Mar ried: (1) November 14, 1819, at Claiborne, to Sarah Ann, daughter of Richard and Ann (Pringle) Haynsworth, of Claiborne; (2) No vember 1, 1839, at Gaston, to Clarissa Stedman, daughter of Abijah and Clarissa (Stedman) Peck, descendants of the first settlers of New Haven, Conn. Children: by the first wife: 1. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 647 Matthew, physician; 2. Sarah Ann, m. William B. Crawford; 3. Amelia Ross, (q. v.), m. Gen. Josiah Gorgas (q. v.), parents of Gen. William Gorgas (q. v.) ; 4. Mary Rees, m. Hugh Kerr Aiken; 5. Richard Haynsworth, m. Flora Levy; 6. Anna Maria, m. Thomas Livingston Bayne; children by the second wife: 7. Frederick, m. (1) Mary Moffat, (2) Laura Hergione; 8. Helen, m. James Whitehead Locke; 9. John Marshall, m. Ellen Bevei-ry Thorpe; 10. Ed mund Dargan, m. Lucie Lomax. Last resi dence: Mobile. GAYLE, MATTHEW, sr., planter, was born in 1753 in Virginia, and died September 30, 1820, in Monroe County; son of John and Maria (Billups) Gayle of Virginia, the for mer with his sons, served in the Virginia and South Carolina lines, during the Revolutionary War, the sons under Francis Marion. He was educated by private tutors. After the Revolu tion, he removed to Sumter District, S. C, and in 1813, to Mt. Vernon, locating later, on a plantation in Monroe Counjty. He was one of the pioneer settlers and helped to establish law, order and refined civilization on what was then frontier lands. He was a Democrat-Republican follower of Thomas Jefferson. Married: to Mary, daughter of Col. John and (Miss Pente cost) Reese, of Sumter District, S. C. Chil dren: 1. Billups, m. (1) Miss Merriwether, (2) Pamela Cunningham; 2. John (q. v.), gov ernor of Alabama; 3. Levin; 4. Matilda, m. Capt. Edward Ware, U. S. A.; 5. Lucinda, m. Thomas Eastin; 6. Maria, m. (1) Blake Wood son, (2) Edgar James. Last residence: Mon roe County. GAYLE, PHILIP HEUTIS SAFFOLD, law yer, business man and planter, was born April 13, 1831, at Cahaba, and died in Montgomery May 22, 1903; son of Mathew, jr., and Ama ranth (Philips) Gayle, of Cahaba, who re moved to Montgomery; grandson of John Gayle and wife, a Miss Whitehead, of Cahaba; great- grandson of John and Maria (Billups) Gayle of Virginia. He was educated in the schools of Cahaba; graduate of the University of Geor gia; studied law and admitted to practice. He removed with his family to Montgomery, where he engaged in planting on an extensive scale, and the warehouse business, shipping by boat to Mobile. He also practiced his profession, which he abandoned at the outbreak of the War of Secession, to enter the service of the Confederacy. At the close of the war, he was manager of the public wharf, his warehouse, and continued planting operations until his death. He was a States Rights Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: in Montgomery, to Mary E. Armistead, daughter of William B. and Lucy Armistead (q. v.), of Greene County. Mrs. Gayle was a charter member of the Ladies memorial association of Montgomery, the first patriotic organization formed, 1866, concerning the War of Secession. Children: 1. William Armistead, deceased, m. Mary E. Winn, of De mopolis; 2. Joseph Philips, unmarried; 3. Lucy Herbert, deceased; 4. Mary Semple, m. Dr. Wil liam Lamar Law. Last residence: Mont gomery. GAYLE, REES DARRINGTON, lawyer and planter, was born in 1820, on Bassett's Creek, Clarke County, and died November 19, 1805, Selma; son of Billups and Pamela (Cunning ham) Gayle, who removed from Sumter Dis trict, S. C, where he had been sheriff at Ninety- Six, later, about 1S10, migrated to Clarke County, with the colony formed by his father's family, which settled near St^ Stephens; grand son of Col. Mathew and May (Reese) Gayle, natives respectively of Abbeville and Chester, S. C, who served under Gen. Francis Marion during the Revolutionary War; and of David Cunningham, younger brother of Gen. Robert Cunningham of the British Army, descendants of John Cunningham, who came to America from Craig End, Scotland, and settled in Au gusta County, Va., in 1681 and continued to re side with his three daughters and four sons, Robert, Patrick, John and David. In 1769 Robert removed to Ninety-Six, S. C, and was the first magistrate and circuit judge appointed for the district. In the same year his brother, Patrick, was made deputy surveyor general under Sir Egerton Leigh. In 1770, the younger brothers, John and David, with their three sisters, re moved to South Carolina and David was made deputy surveyor general and John became a planter. Rees Darrington Gayle lost his par ents when only a few months of age and was reared by his uncle, Gov. John Gayle and his cousin, Col. John Darrington of Clarke County, his education being directed by private tutors. He later attended the Jesuit college at Spring Hill, near Mobile, where his two elder broth ers, Scarborough and Billups, were at school. FromJhere he went to William and Mary col lege, Williamsburg, Va., and later entered the University of Virginia where he studied law. He located at Mobile and entered upon the practice of law in partnership with his uncle, Gov. John Gayle. In 1848 he removed to Ca haba and formed a partnership with his cousin, George W. Gayle. At the outbreak of the War of Secession he enlisted as a private in Co. F, "Cahaba Rifles," and served through the four years of the war. He was wounded twice at the battle of Seven Pines and again at Chancel lorsville, Va. He did not seek military or civil offices, but was offered high places by the Re publican administration on condition he would join that party, which of course he refused. While a member of no church, he worshipped with the Presbyterians and subscribed to that faith. He was a Mason. Married: in 1851, at the plantation of her parents, to Mary Louisa, daughter of Dr. Thomas W. and Nancy (Craig) Gill, who lived near Cahaba, on the Marion-Cahaba road. Dr. Gill came to Ala bama from South Carolina in 1820, son of James and Mary (Gaston) Gill of Sumter Dis trict, S. C, the latter's father was one of the eight brothers in the Revolutionary War, serv ing under Gen. Francis Marion. Mrs. Gill was the daughter of Judge William Gaston, grand daughter of Robert Gaston and great-grand daughter of Judge Joseph Gaston who lived in Fishing Creek, near Rockmart on the line be tween the two Carolinas. He furnished nine sons to the Revolutionary Army. On her ma ternal line Mrs. Gill was the grand-daughter 648 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY of Capt. James and Janet (Kilpatrick) Craig, a Revolutionary soldier who removed to Ala bama from Tennessee, and settled near Selma, one of eight brothers fighting with the Ameri can forces for independence. The Kilpatricks were of Revolutionary stock and lived in South Carolina. Children: 1. Anna Maria, m. Dr. Joseph Talbot Fry, of Galveston, Texas, but after her husband's death returned to Selma; 2. Thomas Gill, m. Fannie Lou Northup, Selma; 3. Phillips J., m. Lila Mills, daughter of Dr. James Mills; 4. Rebecca Darrington, m. Wil liam S. Johnston, deceased; 5. Lourees, died in early girlhood. Last residence: Selma. GAYLE, SARAH ANN (HAYNS WORTH) wife of Gov. John Gayle, was born January 18, 1804, in South Carolina, and died July 30, 1835, in Tuscaloosa; daughter of Richard and Ann (Pr ingle) Haynsworth, the former born in Sumter District, S. C, removed to Mt. Vernon, later to Claiborne, where he lived on his plantation "Sheldon" near Greensboro, and where he died; granddaughter of Henry and Sarah (Furman) Haynsworth; great-grand daughter of Richard and Elizabeth (Hesse) Haynsworth, the former of Virginia and Eng lish descent, the latter a native of Basle, Switzerland, and of Judge Wood and Rachel (Brodhead) Furman. She was educated at St. Stephens academy and was a lady of rare talents and accomplishments, who dispensed the hospitalities of the governor's mansion at Tuscaloosa with a dignity and grace never sur passed. Francis Scott Key, the author of "The Star Spangled Banner," who was sent by the president of the United States as "Special Commissioner" to Alabama in 1835, addressed to her a "beautiful poem as a personal compli ment to herself, which was published and great ly admired." Garrett says: "She was a general favorite, and admired by all for her many shining virtues and talents which adorned so cial life." Her death occurred in Tuscaloosa as a result of lockjaw, caused by a dental op eration. Married: November 14, 1819, at "Shel don," near Claiborne to John (q. v.), son of Matthew and Mary (Rees) Gayle (q. v.). Children: 1. Matthew, physician; 2. Sarah Ann, m. William B. Crawford; 3. Amelia Ross (q. v.), m. Gen. Josiah Gorgas (q. v.); 4. Mary Rees, m. Hugh Kerr Aiken; 5. Richard Haynsworth, m. Flora Levy; 6. Ann Maria, m. Thomas Livingston Bayne. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. GEE, JAMES T., major and later lieutenant colonel, 1st battalion Alabama artillery, C. S. Army. GEESLIN, CHARLES, (Geesling in the Cen sus list), soldier of the American Revolution, aged 90, and a resident of Tuscaloosa County; private N. C. Continental Line; enrolled on April 8, 1825, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from August 17, 1824; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $916.93. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong. 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Tus caloosa County, June 1, 1840, aged 99.— Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. GEORGE, J. N, major, Moreland's regiment, Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army. GERALD, PERLEY, Indian trader and mer chant, was born January 27, 1800, at Long Saulte Island, N. Y., and died in Montgomery in 1866. He came to Alabama about 1829, and located first in Mobile, as a merchant, later taking as his partner, Samuel Dana Hubbard, sr., and together they removed to Tallassee to trade with the Indians of the Creek nation. In 1836, when these Indians were removed from Alabama, they wrote to Washington, D. C, for "Their true friend" Mr. Perley Gerald to be appointed to make arrangements for their departure. This was done, and the In dians presented him with many specimens of their handicraft, as a token of their regard. A saddlebag of deer-skin embroidered with beads, and a water gourd, used by them are now in the State Museum. He was actively engaged along several lines of commercial pur suits. He owned and operated the Montgom ery Hall, the first real hotel of the city which stood upon the present site of the post-office building. He went to California in the "Gold rush" of 1849, and returned in a few years with a fortune, and built the large, colonial residence, on the corner of Lawrence and Adams streets, now remodeled and used as a Catholic Convent. In 1859 he sold his residence to Col. T. B. Bethea and removed to New York city, but the next year returned to Montgom ery, and purchased the home later owned by Mr. Edgar Andrew, corner Moulton and Church streets, recently demolished. Married: (1) about 1838, in Tallassee, Melissa, daughter of Ebenezer and Frances (Wells) Russell, of Springfield, Mass., sister of Mrs. Samuel Dana Hubbard and of Henry Russell, Indian agent; and (2) to Camilla Sanford, widow of William Bunkley, of Line Creek, and aunt of Gen. John W. A. Sanford, (q. v.). No children by the first wife; by second wife: 1. Adolphus m. (1) Sallie Mitchell, and (2) Ida Merritt. 2. Clara, m. Samuel Reed, noted editor. 3. Camilla, m. Capt. Reading, Confederate soldier. Last res idence: Montgomery. GESNER, WILLIAM, druggist and geologist, was born May 24, 1827, in Cornwallis, Nova Scotia, and died April 17, 1887, in Birmingham; son of Abraham and Harriet (Webster) Gesner, the former also a native of Cornwallis, physician and surgeon, graduate of Grey's and St. Bartholomew's hospitals, London, located at Parrsboro, on the Bay of Fundy, author of "Re marks on the geology and mineralogy of Nova Scotia," "New Brunswick, with notes for emi grants," "Industrial resources of Nova Scotia," "Coal, petroleum and other distilled oils," ap pointed provinical geologist of the Province of New Brunswick, and in this position author of a number of geological reports published by the governor, 1839-1843, founder of the Gesner museum, in St. John, later purchased by the Natural history society of New Brunswick, RAY RUSHTON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 651 electrical motor-engine inventor, inventor of keroselene; grandson of Henry and Sarah (Pineo) Gesner of Cornwallis Valley, the former a native of New York state, a soldier of the British forces during the Revolutionary War, his wife of French Huguenot ancestry, and of Dr. Isaac Webster of Kentville, N. S.; great-grandson of John Henry and Famitcha (Brower) Gesner, of Tappan, N. Y.; great- great-grandson of John Henrick and Anna Elizabeth Gesner, who suffering under war and misrule migrated from the Palatinate of the Rhine to London, whence they sailed to America and arrived in New York, June 10-12, 1710, the former a carpenter, miller, and Lutheran. William Gesner grew up amidst cultured surroundings, the third of nine sons born to his parents, whose family consisted also of two daughters. He received his academic education at Parrsboro and Cornwallis, and studied medicine and pharmacy under his father, with the expectation of being his pro fessional partner. Sudden reverses coming to his family he decided to migrate to the United States to try his fortune. His first employ ment, lasting three years was in a drug store in Boston, the second, for one year, in a drug store in Brooklyn. In the meantime he had oc cupied all spare time with diligent study, and upon the opportunity for advancement arising he was prepared to accept the management of a drug store in Columbus, Ga. A year later he became the senior partner in a drug business in that place under the firm name of Gesner and Peabody. Affairs prospered for several years, but an investment in a saw mill brought disaster. He then removed to Milledgeville, Ga., to take charge of a drug store owned by local parties, but soon thereafter transferred his resi dence to Talladega County, where he became mining engineer and manager of the Mont gomery mining and manufacturing co., which was developing copper mines. The War of Se cession coming shortly after the opening of the business destroyed it. Answering the call for soldiers, he joined the Confederate Army in 1861, enlisting in Montgomery, and was as signed to the ordnance department, under Gen eral Josiah Gorgas. In 1864 he was sent by the Confederate government to England to learn that country's method of making ammunition, and the construction of acid works. He ran the blockade from Mobile to Havana, Cuba, and sailed in the S. S. Darien for Liverpool. Upon arriving at that port he went to New Castle on Tyne to prosecute the object of his journey. Later he made like investigations in Paris, and safely, but by a circuitous route, running block ades, arrived in Montgomery. While in Eng land he purchased the necessary machinery for manufacturing the munitions bought with private capital, connected with the Montgomery mining and manufacturing co., raised by the sale of cotton. He shipped it via Cuba but fail ing to find a favorable chance to run the blockade, left i^ in the custom house of Havana and it was finally sold there to satisfy the duty. His valuable scientific library was burned, aboard train, enroute from Talladega County to Milledgeville, Ga., to prevent the cars and their contents falling into the hands of the Vol. Ill— 42 invading enemy. In 1872, he removed to the growing village, Birmingham, and in partner ship with a Dr. Parker, opened a drug store, but owing to the failing health of the latter the firm was soon dissolved and he again turned his attention to geology and analytical chem istry. In 1874 he was the victim of a railroad accident which impaired his health for several years. In 1876 he was engaged by the Louis ville and Nashville railway to assemble an ex hibit of the mineral resources of the Birming ham district, and successfully accomplished his task. For some years he was engaged, with his brother, George Welden, and John F. Gesner, in opening a tin mine in Clay County, the ven ture, entailing heavy expenditures was not profitable, and was abandoned. He was an Episcopalian and Democrat. Author: con tributor of commercial and industrial as well as scientific articles to periodicals of the period, including "The South," published in New York, and "The American Manufacturer." Married: (1) in 1851, in Milledgeville, Ga., to Annie Thomas, daughter of James and Frances (Law- ler) Herty of that place; (2) June 21, 1866, in Montgomery, to Mary Virginia, daughter of Samuel Goode and Martha Ward (Goode) Jones (q. v.), sister of Gov. Thomas G. Jones (q. v.). Children: by the first marriage, 1. William Henry, m. Clara Clapp; 2. James Francis; 3. Harriet Luana, m. (1) Charles F. Miller, (2) Dr. Alton Glass North; 4. Mary Herty, m. Dr. Henry Clarke, Milledgeville, Ga.; by the second marriage, three children, one son and twin daughters, all of whom died in infancy. Last residence: Birmingham. GEWIN, CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, U. S. marshal and legislator, was born October 7, 1849, near Greensboro, Hale County; son of Christopher Columbus and Jane (Harris) Gewin, the former of Wadesboro, Anson County, N. C, the latter of Greensboro, Hale County; grandson of Thomas and Jane Gewin, of Greensboro, and of Jane and Jane Harris, of Greensboro. He was educated at Green Springs academy, under Dr. Tutwiler. He was sheriff of Hale County, 1888; a member of the house of representatives from Hale County, 1911 ; and on May 7, 1914, was appointed U. S. marshal for the southern district of the fifth circuit. He is a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: May 26, 1870, near Greensboro, to Julia Roberta, daughter of Anderson and Mary Flinn, of Greensboro. Residence : Mobile. GIBBES, JOHN T., quartermaster at the Uni versity of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, 1861-65. GIBBONS, LYMAN, lawyer, was born June 3, 1808, at Westerlo, Albany County, N. Y., and died at Claiborne; son of John Gibbons, a farmer of Westerlo, N. Y. He attended the vil lage school at Westerlo, N. Y., and was gradu ated from Amherst College, in 1830. He read law for several months in the office of Hon. Jacob Collamer, afterwards postmaster general of the United States, at Royalton, Vt.; came to Alabama in the fall of 1833 and became one of the faculty of Spring Hill college. While there he continued his law studies, and was 652 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY admitted to the bar in 1835. He remained in Mobile for a few months, then moved to Clai borne, Monroe County, where he formed a partnership with Hon. James Dellet. In 1838, he returned to Mobile to practice; went to Paris in 1845, and remained there more than two years reading the civil law. Returning to America, he located in New Orleans, where he practiced for two years, then returned to Mo7 bile. He was appointed to fill a vacancy on the circuit court bench in 1851, because of the resignation of Judge Bragg, and was elected to a full term of six years the following spring. In December, 1852, Gov. Collier appointed him a justice of the supreme court, which position he resigned January 5, 1854. He then became a planter in Monroe County. He represented Monroe County in the constitutional conven tion of 1861, which was his last public posi tion. After the war, he resumed the practice of law. He was a Democrat. Married: at the home of Judge Bragg in Lowndes County, Emma Eugenia Dellet, daughter of James and Harriet (Willisson) Dellet, who lived at Co lumbia, S. C. Children: 1. Helen Gibbons, m. Hon. Charles John Torrey, resides at Mobile. Last residence: Claiborne. GIBBS, ELEANOR CHURCHILL, teacher, •was born October 3, 1840, at Oak Grove, plan tation home of her parents, in Sumter County; daughter of Charles Richardson and Eleanor Stuart (Thornton) Giibbsv the former born July 8, 1786 at Orange Court House, Orange County, Va., lived until 1835 in Virginia, was an officer in the War of 1812, a merchant and planter, removed to Sumter County, therein married his third wife, Eleanor Stuart Thorn ton, who was a descendant of Mildred Wash ington, the aunt of General George Washing ton; granddaughter of Churchill and Judith (Richardson) Gibbs, who lived at Orange Coun ty, Va., the former an officer in the Revolu tionary War, being at Stony Point and Brandy- wine, and in other battles, with Gen. Wash ington during the winter at Valley Forge, and continuing in service to the close of the war, and of William and Eleanor (Brown) Thorn ton, who lived in Culpeper County, Va.; great-granddaughter of Rev. John and Mrs. Ann (Butler) Spots wood Thompson, the lat ter previously the wife of Governor Spotswood, of Virginia. In the seventeenth century the Gibbs family emigrated from Kent, England, to Barbadoes, whence three brothers came to the Colonies. The name was "Gibbes." Zach- ary, one of the three, was a Tory and went to England, hence Churchill Gibbs changed the spelling to "Gibbs." Descendants in South Carolina of the third brother, retain the "e." Eleanor C. Gibbs received her early educa tion largely at home, being taught by her mother and a private tutor. She completed the course at Livingston female academy, at tended Professor Tutwiler's school at Green Springs, and pursued courses in literature, his tory and ethnology in the University of Chi cago. She is a teacher by profession; taught in Livingston academy, becoming principal, and in Dallas academy, Selma. During the twelve years from 1887 she was head of the department of English in Shorter college, Rome, Ga. In the two years following she held a similar position in Anniston college; in 1901 became head of department of English in Ala bama normal college, Livingston. She has been a paid contributor to different periodicals, including the New England journal of educa tion. Residence: Livingston. GIBBS, GEORGE S., a prominent graduate of the University of Alabama. Residence: Cle burne, Texas. GIBSON, CARLETON BARTLETT, educator, was born September 18, 1863, in Mobile; son of James Spaulding and Marie Antoinette (Pow ers) Gibson, the former a native of Dumfries, Scotland, who emigrated to America, settled in New York, married, removed to Mobile where he became a merchant and cotton planter, later removing to Clarke County, Miss.; grandson of David and Mercy (Rose) Powers, of Groton, N. Y., the latter a descendant of Anika Jans, morganatic wife of William of Orange; great- grandson of Frederick and Ruth (Pennoyer) Powers, of Armenia, N. Y.; great-great-grand son of Joseph and Lucy Pennoyer, and of Jost and Elizabeth (Mowl) Powers, the latter a native of Naumberg, Prussian Saxony, who emi grated to America in 1852, settled in Rhine- beck, Dutchess County, N. Y., removed to Armenia, N. Y., a signer of the "Articles of association," and a soldier of the Revolution; great-great-great-grandson, of Jacob Mowl, of Rhinebeck, N. Y., also a signer of the "Articles of the association." Dr. Gibson received his early education in the Spillman academy, En terprise, Miss., Mobile military academy, Mo bile; graduated from the University of Ala bama, A. B., 1884, and received honorary degree of A. M., 1885, and LL, D., 1914; attended the University of Chicago summer schools, 1898, 1899, and 1900. He began his professional career as principal of Ivy Creek academy, Mul berry, 1885; president of State normal school, Jacksonville, 1886-92; founder and principal, University military school, Mobile, 1892-93; president, Central female college, Tuscaloosa, 1893-94; superintendent, Columbus, Ga., public schools, 1894-1910; president, Mechanics insti tute, Rochester, N. Y., 1910-16; superintendent of schools, Savannah, Ga., since 1916. He is a Democrat; Baptist; Mason; member National, Southern, and Georgia educational associations; National society promotion industrial educa tion; and a member of the Phi Delta Theta college fraternity. Author: contributor of nu merous papers and addresses. Married: Jan uary 7, 1889, at Jacksonville, to Martha, daugh ter of James L. and Sarah Margaret (Ander son) Newcomb, of Ruston, La.; granddaughter of William and Margaret (Hayes) Anderson, of Arkansas, and of Lemuel and Martha (Snow) Newcomb; great-granddaughter of Reuben New- comb, of Savannah, Ga. Children: 1. Carleton B., jr., B. S. in C. E., Alabama polytechnic in stitute, 1908, engineer, U. S. government; 2. Gladys Newcomb; 3. William Wallace. Resi dence: Savannah, Ga. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 653 GIBSON, CHARLES, member of the consti tutional convention of 1875, from Lawrence County. GIBSON, H. P., coal operator. Residence: Corona. GIBSON, J. B., president of the Woodlawn lumber co. Residence: Birmingham. GIBSON, JOHN H., major 18th Alabama bat talion Partisan Rangers, C. S. Army; major 16th, also called 4th, battalion Alabama in fantry, C. S. Army. GIELOW, MARTHA (SAWYER), author and public speaker, was born in Greensboro; daugh ter of Capt. Enoch and Sophia E. (Barkley) Sawyer, the former a native of North Carolina, who removed to Hale County, planter, Mexican and Confederate soldier; granddaughter of Charles and Clara Louise (Gamier) Barkley, the former of English ancestry and a banker in Pensacola, Fla., the latter a native of France; great-granddaughter of General Gregory of Rev olutionary fame. The Sawyers originally Eng lish, trace their ancestry to the days of William the Conqueror. Mrs. Gielow is a reader, lec turer, and writer of the folklore of the South. She was founder and director of the Southern industrial association, to promote industrial education among the Anglo-Saxon children of the Southern Appalachian mountains. Author: "Mammy's reminiscences," 1898; "Old planta tion days," 1902; "Old Andy, the moonshiner," 1910; "Uncle Sam,' 1913; "The light on the hill," 1915; "Child training in the realm of thought " 1919, also poems and many articles on education. Married: Gielow. Children: 1. Una, m. Commander Charles Willis Fisher, U. S. Navy; 2. Roland Sawyer, m. Genevieve Mahoney. Residence: Greensboro and Wash ington, D. C. GILBERT, JOHN WESLEY, teacher, died August 1, 1887; son of William and Catharine (Poythress) Gilbert of Gainesville. He grad uated A. B., 1885, from the University of Ala bama and was assistant professor of Latin and English at that institution, 1885-87. He was unmarried. Last residence: Gainesville. GILBERT, T. H., major, 50th (Coltart's for merly known as 26th) Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army. GILBREATH, MONTGOMERY, public offi cial, was born January 23, 1814, and died Oc tober 8, 1885, in Guntersville; son of Col. John Gilbreath, a native of Tennessee, who fought in the battle of Quebec as a lieutenant under Gen. Montgomery, was taken prisoner there, returned to Tennessee after his release and married a Miss Fields, came to Blountsville between 1815 and 1820, and ran a hotel there for a time, moved to Jackson County and set tled near Gunter's Landing, where he spent the remainder of his life. He received the greater part of his schooling in Blountsville; became a salesman in a store at Claysville, on the north bank of the Tennessee River, when he was nineteen years old; was employed by Gen. Rayburn in 1835; and in the following year, went to Tuscaloosa where he clerked for John C. Johnson. While at Tuscaloosa he vol unteered in a company in the command of Capt. Chisholm, and served with it through the Florida War. He clerked for Mr. John son for a short time after the war, then re turned to Guntersville, where he was employed by Hugh Henry, who sent him to Arkansas to look after interests in the Indian territory. He travelled through the Indian territory and Texas, and after returning, continued with Mr. Henry until he was appointed clerk of the county court in 1839. The next year, he was elected to the same office, and held it until the office was abolished by the State legisla ture. About 1852, he was elected probate judge, continuing in that position until 1861, when he resigned, raised a company for the C. S. Army and was elected its captain. When the Forty-eighth Alabama infantry regiment was organized at Nashville, Tenn., Capt. Gilbreath was elected its lieutenant-colonel, and partici pated with It in the battle of Shiloh. This reg iment was reorganized, and on account of age and failing health, Col. Gilbreath resigned, and returned to Guntersville, where he engaged in farming until 1866. In that year, he re-en tered the mercantile business, and conducted it successfully until his death. He was a member of the constitutional convention of 1875. Married: Miss Kilfoile, who was born in Blount County, daughter of Peter and Mary (Berry) Kilfoile, the former a native of County Queen, Ireland, who landed in New York when he was seventeen years of age, emigrated from there to Blount County, and later to Marshall County, where he served as clerk of the cir cuit court for eleven years, and afterward con ducted a hotel at Warrenton. Children: 1. Mary; 2. John, b. December 27, 1849, at War renton, was educated at Warrenton, became salesman with Gilbreath & Whitman, pur chased an interest in the grocery house of W. L. Bogus, becoming sole owner of the concern in 1876, purchased an interest in the firm of Noble & Whitman 1878, and disposed of it in 1886, m. May, 1881, Bettie G. Jordan, daughter of David C. Jordan, esq., children, Burton and Clebron, resides at Guntersville; 3. Emmet, b. March 24, 1853, near Guntersville, educated at Guntersville, Mulberry, Tenn., and at a busi ness college at Nashville, Tenn., clerked for his father, was employed by a mercantile house in Cincinnati, 1880, became travelling sales man for a Charleston, W. Va., shoe house, 1880- 1885, and became associated with Mr. Whit man in the general mercantile business at Guntersville; 4. E. W.; 5. Montgomery; 6. Katie; 7. Gordon; 8. Sallie F., d. in 1875; 9. Alexander, d. in childhood; 10. Sidney, d. in childhood. Last residence: Guntersville. GILCHRIST, ARCHIBALD, lawyer, was born July, 1805, in Richmond County, N. C, and died July 2, 1854, in Hayneville, Lowndes County; son of Angus and Margaret (McKay) Gilchrist, who lived in Richmond County, N. C, the former a native of Scotland, a farmer and a surveyor, prominent in public affairs, 654 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY who was brought to America when he was a child; grandson of John Gilchrist, who was born, reared, and married in Scotland, was a sea captain for many years, came to America, settling in North Carolina, and followed farm ing there until his death; brother of James G. Gilchrist (q. v.) He received his early schooling in North Carolina, and was a gradu ate of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He studied law after his gradu ation, was admitted to the bar, and came to Alabama to practice his profession. He opened a law office in Hayneville, Lowndes County, and practiced there until in 1845 he was elected to the State senate to succeed Dr. Berney. He was strongly opposed to a law passed a few years previously for the redemption of real estate which had been sold by legal process, after the Tennessee plan, and through his ef forts and influence a bill for its repeal passed the Senate, but was defeated in the house. After his term in the senate had expired, Mr. Gilchrist retired to private life. He was a Whig and a Presbyterian. Married: Septem ber, 1837, at Hayneville, Margaret Davidson Mushat, daughter of John and Mary Lee (Davidson) Mushat, who lived in Iredell County, N. C, the former a distinguished law yer of that county, the latter one of the North Carolina Davidsons. Children: 1. John Mu shat, captain of Co. K, Fifth Alabama infantry regiment, d. from effect of wounds received at Cold Harbor, June, 1864; 2. James Norman, b. in Hayneville, deceased, m. Cynthia Isabelle Streety, of Hayneville, who later m. C. I. Mu shat, and resides at South Highlands, Birming ham ; 3. Margaret McKay, m. Kinchen Lee Har alson, resides in Selma, Dallas County; 4. Mary Davidson, m. Josiah Whitticar Powell, resides in Lowndesboro; 5. Theresa Ann, m. Eliott Lindsay James, resides at Hayneville; 6. Catherine Brooks, m. Marvin Williamson, resides at Hayneville. Last residence: Hayne ville. GILCHRIST, JAMES GRAHAM, lawyer, was born in 1814, in Richmond County, N. C; son of Angus and Elizabeth (McNeel) Gilchrist, the former a farmer, and a surveyor, who was born in 1770, the latter a native of North Caro lina, born in 1793; grandson of John Gilchrist, born in Scotland, who was a sea captain, for many years and settled in North Carolina, and of Laughlin McNeel, a Scotchman who came to America in his youth and married in North Carolina, was a farmer and a British soldier in the Revolutionary War. He was reared on a farm, with but limited education until he was twenty years old; entered Princeton col lege in 1836, but remained only a short time, going from there to Schenectady, N. Y. He was graduated from the University of South Carolina in 1839, studied law, and came to Alabama the following year. He located at Hayneville, and practiced law there for six teen years. He was a member of the first legis lature that assembled in Montgomery in 1847- 1848, and served on the judiciary committee of that body; was a Fillmore elector in 1856; and again a member of the legislature in 1859; and was elected to the secession convention in 1861. In the fall of 1861, he raised a company for the C. S. Army, and was made its captain. The group became Co. I, Forty-fifth Alabama infantry, and at the organization of the regi ment, he was made its colonel. He spent the winter 'at Pensacola, Fla. ; joined the Tennes see army at Corinth, Miss., early in 1862; was with Bragg in his Kentucky campaign, fighting at Perryville, Murfreesboro, and other places, and in April, 1863, resigned because of ill health. After the war, Col. Gilchrist engaged in farming. He was a member of the board of revenue from the time it was established until eighteen years later; and was a Whig. Married: (1) in 1839, Elizabeth Briggs, who was born in Pennsylvania and died in 1852, daughter of William Briggs, an Irishman, who was a civil engineer; (2) in 1854, Elizabeth H. McGehee, who was born in Alabama and died in , 1891, daughter of Abner McGehee. Children, by first marriage: 1. Angus, deceased, who served in the Sixth Alabama infantry reg iment all through the War of Secession, at first in Virginia and later in the Tennessee army, and became a farmer after the war; 2. Sallie, d. in childhood; 3. Anna, d. in child hood; 4. Kate, deceased, m. Frank McLean; 5. Elizabeth, m. Frank McLean, after the death of her sister; 6. Mollie, m. G. W. Shackelford, deceased; by second marriage: 7. Abner, de ceased; 8. James, A. B., planter, teacher in the public schools at Mobile, 1887-1888, represen tative in the State legislature, 1890-1891, d. June 12, 1891; 9. Thomas, a school-teacher, d. while at school. Last residence: Montgomery County. GILDER, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, lawyer and superintendent of education, was born De cember 3, 1852, at Pushmataha, Choctaw County; son of Dr. James Aden and Susan (Mc- Carty) Gilder, the former born in Newberry County, S. C, lived at time of marriage, near Spring Hill, Marengo County, in 1841 moved to Choctaw County, was practicing physician and over military age during period of War of Se cession; grandson of Preston and Mary (Cul peper) Gilder, who lived at Newberry, S. C, and Spring Hill, and of John and Susan (Brock) McCarty, who lived in Tennessee and then in Marengo County; great-grandson of a Gilder, immigrant, with a brother, from Eng land to South Carolina, the brother going to the North. His maternal ancestors were of Welsh descent. B. F. Gilder received early education in the common schools of Choctaw County. After a course of four years in the Chautauqua literary and scientific circle, he received a cer tificate of graduation in 1889. He was admitted to the bar, 1899 ; began practice at Butler, Choc taw County; in 1900 moved to Linden, Marengo County, practiced therein eight years; clerk of circuit court of Choctaw County, and register of chancery, 1886-1898; superintendent of edu cation Marengo County, 1908 to the present. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: December 5, 1876, at Pushmataha, to Donnie, daughter of John J. and Kate (Bunn) Williams, who lived at Push mataha, the former born in Richmond, Va., in early manhood moved to Sumter County, mar- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 655 ried at Livingston; granddaughter of Martha Horn Bunn, who, a widow, moved from North Carolina to Sumter, bringing her daughter, Kate, a child. Children: 1. William Franklin, in business at Demopolis; 2. Levy, A., for twelve years in Washington, D. C, in Library of Congress; 3. Henry Grady; 4. Wayne; 5. Kate E., deceased, m. Emmet S. George, lived at Linden; 6. Donnie-Ben, m. H. A. Nonnier, jr. lives at Demopolis. Residence: Linden. GILDER, J. J., member of the constitutional convention of 1867, from the twelfth election district. GILES, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, teacher and Baptist minister, was born June 24, 1854, near Alexander City, Tallapoosa County; son of James Daniel and Sarena (Holloway) Giles, the former born in Butts County, Ga., lived in Tallapoosa County, in the War of Secession was captain of home guards; grandson of Wil liam and Mary (Daniel) Giles, who lived in Butts County, and of William and Matilda (Bailey) Holloway who lived in the same county. Rev. Mr. Giles obtained early educa tion in country schools; in 1882 graduated with the degree of A. M. at Howard college, then at Marion; also graduated in 1885 at the Southern Baptist theological seminary, Louisville, Ky., and attended the University of Chicago. He is a teacher by profession, was professor at How ard, 1886-1898; president of Decatur college, De catur, Texas, 1898-1900; from 1900 to the pres ent has been president of Central college, Tus caloosa. He is a minister in the Baptist church. Married: December 7, 1897, at Columbia, to Olive Judson, daughter of Maj. S. S. and Rachel Elizabeth (Roper) Booth, who lived at Pratt ville. Children: 1. Frank Howard; 2. Boyce Tichenor; 3. Robert Robards; 4. Mary Eliza beth. Residence: Tuscaloosa. GILL, JAMES, soldier of the American Rev olution, aged 74, and a resident of Greene County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on September 16, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832; payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolu tionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. GILL, THOMAS WASHINGTON, physician, was born in 1790, in York District, S. C, and died in March, 1864, in Cahaba; son of Capt. James and Mary Louisa (Gaston) Gill, of South Carolina, the former one of seven brothers who were soldiers of the Revolutionary Army, un der General Sumter, was wounded in the battle of Hanging Rock and again at Ft. Moultrie; grandson of John Gill, a native of North Ire land, of Scotch Presbyterian stock, who mi grated to America in 1730, settling first in Lancaster County, Pa., later going with his family to Virginia and thence to Chester Dis trict, S. C, and of Capt. William Gaston, of South Carolina, one of nine brothers who fought in the Revolutionary Army, under Gen eral Sumter, seven of whom were in the battle of Ft. Moultrie, one died, three of whom were killed in the battle of Hanging Rock, and an other a lawyer and judge of the county court and civil magistrate of Chester County, S. C; great-grandson of John and Esther (Waugh) Gaston, the former migrated from north Ire land to Pennsylvania, later removed to South Carolina, and finally to Alabama, where he es tablished a plantation, "Cedar Shoales," on the Cahaba River, the name being still preserved. Governor John Gill Shorter of Alabama was one of his descendants. The Gastons were French Huguenots, who after revocation of the Edict of Nantes sought refuge in Scotland, the family subsequently transferring to Ireland from whence the founder of the American branch, John Gaston, migrated to the United States. Dr. Gill was educated at the South Carolina college, Columbia, S. C, from which he graduated in medicine. In 1818 he emi grated to Alabama and settled at Fort Clai borne, where he practiced his profession until 1822, when he removed to Dallas County and settled near Cahaba. He then invested largely in negro slaves and the rich lands of the sec tion, on which he erected a handsome planta tion home, located on the Marion and Selma road, seven miles from Cahaba. He was a Whig in politics and strongly opposed to secession, although he loyally supported the Confederate cause after his State withdrew from the Union and became part of that government. He was a Presbyterian. Married: at "Craig's Hill," Dallas County, to Nancy Kilpatrick, daughter of Capt. James and Jane Elizabeth (Kilpatrick") Craig, who lived on their plantation near Selma, the former a soldier of the War of 1812, a native of Charleston, S. C, who re moved first to near Nashville, Tenn. ,and in 1814, to Alabama, where he established his landed estate, "Craig's Hill." Children: 1. William Gaston, d. unmarried; 2. Mary Louisa Thomas, m. Reese Darrington Gayle (q. v.) ; 3. James Bruce, m. Sarah Jane Packer, Wilcox County, planter; 4. Jane Elizabeth, m. (1) Au gustus Hatcher Jackson, of Troy, (2) James Washington Scott, Dallas County. Last resi dence: Cahaba. GILLAM, HARRY JOHNSON, lawyer and legislator, was born January 4, 1852, near Dade ville, Tallapoosa County, and died suddenly at Wetumpka, August 12, 1904; son of Harry and Mary Ann (Johnson) Gillam, who resided near Dadeville. He was educated in the schools of his native county; attended Virginia mili tary institute, 1870-71, University of Alabama, 1871-73, but left the latter institution to en ter business. In 1875 he was admitted to the bar, and practiced at Dadeville and Alexander City. He was mayor of Dadeville, 1878-90; city councilman, 1878-1895; and a member of the legislature from Tallapoosa County, 1900- 01. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: May 22, 1879, in Coosa County, to Pamela Newton Parker. Last residence: Alex ander City. GILLESPIE, JAMES, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, private, particular service not disclosed; date of enrollment not given, pay ment dates from September 4, 1833; annual allowance, $80.— Pension Book, State Branch 656 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Bank, Mobile. He resided in Pickens County, with John O. Gillespie, aged 78 years, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. GILLESPIE, J. C, member of the constitu tional convention of 1865, from Blount County. GILLESPY, JAMES McADORY, lawyer, was born July 11, 1856, near Jonesboro, Jefferson County; son of John Sharp and Martha Sadler (McAdory) Gillespy, natives respectively of Maryville, Blount County, Tenn., and of Jef ferson County, the former who located in Shelby County and engaged in farming; grand son of William C. and Narcissa (Sharp) Gil lespy, who lived near Maryville, Blount County, Tenn., and of Col. James and Nancy Tucker (Sadler) McAdory, who lived near Jonesboro, in Jefferson County; brother of Dr. John S. Gillespy (q. v.). He was reared on the home farm and obtained his early schooling from Mrs. SueT Hale Torrant at Jonesboro, and from his uncle, Prof. Isaac W. McAdory, at Pleasant Hill, Blount County. He attended the southern university, 1873-1874, during the presidency of Dr. Allen S. Andrews, and remained on the farm until he was twenty- two years old. He then engaged in busi ness for a short time with Chambers McAdory; studied law with R. A. McAdory; and be gan to practice in Birmingham in 1881, yie firm being McAdory & Gillespy. Mr. E. J. Smyer was admitted to the firm in 1886. He was a member of the board of aldermen of the city of Birmingham, Decem ber, 1894-December, 1896, and was a member of the Jefferson County sanitary commission from February, 1901 to August, 1909. He is a Demo crat, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. Married: November 11, 1885, at Old Jonesboro, Jefferson County, Mortimer Charles Jordan, daughter of Charles Scott and Margaret Whitmore (Sadler) Jordan, who lived near Jonesboro. Children: 1. Rose, Birming ham; 2. Alice, Birmingham. Residence: Bir mingham. GILLESPY, JOHN S., physician, was born November 17, 1859, near Jonesboro, Jefferson County; son of John Sharp and Martha Sadler (McAdory) Gillespy, natives of Tennessee and Alabama, the former who came to Alabama, and settled in Bibb County, near Montevallo; grand son of William C. and Narissa (Sharp) Gil lespy, and of Col. James and Nancy Tucker (Sadler) McAdory, who lived on a farm near Jonesboro, Jefferson County. His parents both died when he was five years old, and he was reared by his grandparents, Col. and Mrs. Mc Adory. He spent his youth on the farm, at tending the common schools, and the school under his uncle, Prof. I. W. McAdory, at Pleas ant Hill. He clerked in a general store at Jonesboro for some time; entered the Univers ity of Alabama, October, 1876; studied medi cine at the Miami medical college at Cincin nati, 0.; and was graduated M. D., 1883. He at once began to practice medicine at Jonesboro; remained there for two years when he located in Scottsboro; and after a year, settled in Birmingham. In 1888, he was elected city physician of Birmingham, and served in that office for one year. He was elected county physician in 1892, and after holding that posi tion for six years, resigned and gave up the practice of medicine in order to accept the office of city clerk of Jefferson County. He was clerk and register of the city court from 1898 to 1904. During the time he was prac ticing medicine, he was appointed on the staff of visiting physicians to the hospital of united charities of Birmingham. He was a member of the Democratic executive committee of Jef ferson County for a number of years, and was chairman of that body, 1897-1899. He was a member of the State Medical Association, of the Jefferson County Medical Society, and of the Alabama Surgical and Gynecological Associa tion. He is a Methodist; a Mason and a Knight of Pythias. Married: October 10, 1883, Mary Eugenia Owen, daughter of Thomas M. and Mary (Tarrant) Owen, of Jonesboro, Jefferson County. Children: I. Thomas Owen, b. November 30, 1884, Birming ham; 2. Mary M.; 3. Sadie E.; 4. James M.; 5. John S., jr.; 6. Robert Rose. Residence: Birmingham. GILLIS, DANIEL, cashier of the Citizens bank of Brewton; graduate of the Alabama polytechnic institute, B. S. degree, 1890, and M. S., 1891. Residence: Brewton. GILLIS, H. M., Methodist minister, member of the Alabama conference; living in 1913. Residence: Castleberry. GILMER, FRANCIS MERIWETHER, mer chant; was born June 8, 1810, in Oglethorpe County, Ga., and died January 9, 1892, at Mont gomery; son of Nicholas Meriwether and Amelia (Clark) Gilmer, who lived in Ogle thorpe County, Ga., and near Oak Grove, Chris tian County, Ky., the former a native of Vir ginia, born May 25, 1776; grandson of John and Mildred (Meriwether) Gilmer, of Virginia. The earliest record of the Gilmer family is that of William Gilmer, of Edinburgh, Scot land, a lawyer, and one of the family which owned the castle estate of "Craigmlllar." His son, George Gilmer, was born in 1700, was graduated from the University of Edinburgh, and went to London to practice medicine; while in London, he was employed by the Royal Land Company, which sent him to America to investigate the company's interests in the colony of Virginia. On his return to London, he found his wife, Mary Peachey Ridgeway, whom he had married just before he left for America, had died. He returned to Virginia, and after some time married a Miss Walker, who died, and later a Miss Blair. From those marriages has sprung the Gilmer family in the United States. Mr. Gilmer was taken by his parents to Christian County, Ky, when he was three years old. He received a common school educa tion in that county, and during his vacation days assisted in the farm work, especially in building plows, repairing wagons, and making BRAXTON B. COMER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 659 shoes for his sisters and others. When he was about twenty years old, Abner McGehee, of Lowndes County, who had married his Aunt Jane, urged him to move to Alabama to clerk in his store at Hayneville. Mr. Gilmer accepted the position, and after a few months in Hayne ville, was appointed by the board of education as instructor of the school at that place. He taught there until Mr. McGehee placed him in charge of his store in Montgomery. A year later, he bought the business, and obtained a large patronage from the farmers of the vicin ity who raised great quantities of cotton. By reason of the control of that cotton, he pur chased an interest in Col. Charles T. Pollard's warehouse. Soon after, Charles Gilmer bought out Col. Pollard's interest, and that partner ship lasted until early in the fifties, when Wil liam Taylor took over Charles Gilmer's interest. The latter firm continued until 1868, after which time, Mr. Gilmer controlled the business alone. In 1861, Mr. Gilmer and Judge Hop kins of Mobile were appointed by Gov. Moore as commissioners to Virginia to confer with the Virginia legislature, then in session at Rich mond, and urge the state to secede and join the other Southern states in a Southern Con federacy. This commission, through Mr. Gil mer's suggestion, brought about the nomina tion of Jefferson Davis as president, with the hearty approval of the Virginia delegation. At the time of leaving his home in Kentucky to go to Alabama Mr. Gilmer had to drive his horse through, in the absence of railroads. He entered the northern part of Alabama in the vicinity of Athens, went down by Decatur, then through the mountainous section to Elyton, now Birmingham, on down to Montgomery, and then to Hayneville, his point of destination. Being of a very observant nature, he was much interested in the possibilities of the mineral deposits along his journey, especially of the section of the Elyton District. He resolved in his mind that should circumstance favor him, he would attempt to develop that section. That time seemed to be at hand, when in the early years of the fifties, he organized a com pany to build the South & North Alabama Rail road, which is now part of the L. & N. syndi cate, from Montgomery to Decatur. He was the first president of the company, and his negroes did much of the labor connected with the construction of the road. He also organized the Red Mountain Iron & Coal Company, and the Arms Manufacturing Company, and was president of both companies. He was connected with the Central Bank of Alabama, and was its president at the time of the collapse of the Confederacy. He owned and operated several plantations in Lowndes County. He was a Democrat, a Methodist, and was president of the board of stewards of his church. Married: (1) May, 1838, at Montgomery, Sarah Eleanor1 Taylor, who died July, 1855, daughter of Dr. James Hunt and Elizabeth (McNickel) Taylor, of Montgomery; granddaughter of Gov. John Taylor of South Carolina: (2) 1857, Mrs. Martha Ann Grattan, who died in 1880; (3) 1886, Callie McKeithen, who survived him. Children, by first marriage : 1. James Nicholas, (q. v.); 2. Elizabeth Amelia, who resides at Seattle, Wash., m. Presley Wynn Donadson, deceased; 3. Francis Meriwether, d. July 19, 1865, at Montgomery; 4. Walker Micajah, d. June, 1854, at Montgomery; 5. Eleanor Witten, d. August, 1853, at Montgomery. Last resi dence: Montgomery. GILMER, JAMES NICHOLAS, adjutant gen eral of Alabama, was born March 20, 1839, at Montgomery; son of Francis Meriwether and Sarah Eleanor (Taylor) Gilmer (q. v.); grand son of Nicholas Meriwether and Amelia (Clark) Gilmer, of Christian County, Ky., and of Dr. James Hunt and Elizabeth (McNickel) Taylor, of Montgomery. He received a com mon school education in Montgomery and was graduated from the Georgia military institute at Marietta, April, 1858. He returned to Mont gomery and entered the commercial field with his father. In the fall of 1859, he assisted in organizing a company known as the Metropoli tan Guards, and was elected orderly sergeant and later lieutenant. This company partici pated in the taking of the Pensacola Navy Yard, and the barracks and forts at Barancas, on January 12, 1861, the day after the secession of both Florida and Alabama. In April, 1861, the Metropolitan Guards became Co. F, Third Alabama volunteer regiment, .and were mus tered into the C. S. Army at Lynchburg, Va. Mr. Gilmer was elected first lieutenant and remained with the company at Norfolk for a year. At the reorganization of the regiment, he accepted a staff position with the Hilliard Alabama Legion, and was appointed quarter master and commissary of the First battalion of infantry. He was appointed adjutant gen eral of the legion, and served as such until September, 1863, when he was assigned by Gen. A. Gracie to his staff as inspector gen eral. In the reorganization of the legion into the Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Alabama volun teers, he was assigned adjutant of the Sixtieth, and served as such to the close of hostilities. After the war, Mr. Gilmer returned to his business in Montgomery. In March, 1872, he organized a military company, of which he was first lieutenant until the formation of the Second Alabama state troops, when he was elected major of that command. He was pro moted to lieutenant colonel and finally to colonel. In 1884, he was appointed by Gov. E. A. O'Neal adjutant general of the state, and chief of his staff. He held that position two years and then resigned to move to Tennessee. After living in Memphis for a year, he returned to Montgomery, remaining there until April, 1889, when he moved with his family to Seattle, Wash., where for more than twenty years he has been in the general collection business. Col. Gilmer has served as commander of the United Confederate Veterans of Seattle, Wash. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Knight of Pythias; and a Knight of Honor. Married: April 2 6, 1864, at Montgomery, Lizzie Boa- dicia, daughter of Col. Leonidas Virginius and Sarah Jane (Foster) Dixon, of Memphis, Tenn. •Children: 1. Sarah Eleanor, m. Robert W. Shaw, Seattle, Wash.; 2. Ida May, d. in infancy; 660 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 3. Leonidas Dixon, m. Jeanie Gifford, Seattle, Wash.; 4. Frank Meriwether, m. Doxie Byrd McBryde, Montgomery; 5. Walker Donaldson, m. Maud Allen, Seattle, Wash.; 6. James Nicholas, jr., d. in infancy; 7. Elizabeth Wynn, m. Joseph Shippen, Seattle, Wash.; 8. Ernest Engelhardt, m. May Ahrens, Portland, Ore.; 9. Merritt Fisher, m. Opal Adair. Residence: Seattle, Wash. GILMER, MORGAN SMITH, public official, was born November 30, 1846, six miles north east of Hayneville, Lowndes County; son of George Nicholas and Caroline Frances (Smith) Gilmer, the former born in the Line Creek Set tlement, twenty miles eastward from Mont gomery, lived continuously in Lowndes and Montgomery Counties, except for the period of 1861-1865 during which he lived in Bos sier Parish, La., the latter a student of Judson institute, now Judson female college, Marion, from the opening of its first session in 1838, to her graduation in 1841; grandson of Francis Meriwether and Martha Jemison (Bar nett) Gilmer, the former, an uncle of Francis Meriwether Gilmer (q. v.), was born July 27, 1875, in Rockingham County, Va., moved to Oglethorpe County, Ga., in 1793, was married July 28, 1808, moved to Elbert County, Ga., and in the fall of 1818, to the Line Creek Set tlement, where he and his wife lived and died, and of Morgan and Sarah (Johnson) Smith, who lived in or near Huntsville, and moved thence to. Lowndes County; great-grandson of John Blair and Martha (Meriwether) Gilmer, married March 22, 1771; great-great-grandson of Dr. George Gilmer, born 1704 in Edinburgh, Scotland, immigrant in 1731 to Williamsburg, Va., where he died in 1747. Mr. Gilmer re ceived his early education in the public schools or from private tutors, entered the preparatory department of East Alabama college at Auburn, 1860, and during the next year was a student in that college; after the War of Secession, he attended the Southern university at Greens boro until 1867. He farmed on his grand father Gilmer's plantation in the Line Creek settlement 1869-1896; was clerk of the county court of Montgomery County, 1898-1908; tax assessor of the county, 1908-1913, and was re nominated for another term of four years. He enlisted in a company of cadets at the Uni versity of Alabama, known as Shockley's In dependent escort company, March, 1864, of which he was fore front private, and was paroled at Montgomery, May 30, 1865. He organized the "Yallerhamimers," a society hav ing organic relationship with the United Con federate Veterans of the state of Alabama, whose purpose is to inculcate respect for Con federates and the Confederacy. He was a Demo crat; for seventeen years a member, from Pike Road beat, of the Democratic executive com mittee of Montgomery County; and was a mem ber of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. He was author of two booklets, one a sketch of Shockley's company, and the other a review of the work of the "Yallerhammers." Mar ried: (1) November 30, 1874, at Milan, Tenn., Martha Haden Barton; (2) September 10, 1883, at Snowdoun, Helen, daughter of John Mulkey and Caroline (Winston) Barton, who lived in Logan County, Ky. Children: 1. Martha Haden, m. Gardner D. Owen, Mont gomery. Last residence: Montgomery. GILMER, PEACHY RIDGWAY, planter, was born in Georgia August 29, 1784, and died February 18, 1861; son of Thomas Meriwether and Elizabeth (Lewis) Gilmer, the former a native of Williamsburg, Va., who removed to Georgia about 1795 and located at the Broad River settlement, served as justice of the peace for some time, was once elected to the legis lature, performed a tour of militia duty under Marquis Lafayette, and became a wealthy planter of that section; brother of William B. S. Gilmer (q. v.), James Jackson Gilmer and Mrs. Sophia Gilmer Bibb (q. v.); grand son of Peachy Ridgway and Mary (Meriwether) Gilmer, the former a native of Williamsburg, Va., who removed to Lethe, Rockingham County, Va., where he became a large planter and slave owner, and of Thomas and Jane (Strother) Lewis, of Virginia, the former commissioner of the Confederation, 1777, Revolutionary soldier under Gen. Washington and a member of the Virginia legislature; great-grandson of Dr. George and Mary Peachy (Walker) Gilmer, the former a native of Edin burgh, Scotland, who removed to London and was employed by the London land company to go to Virginia to manage the affairs of the firm, located in Williamsburg and became the leading physician, of Thomas and Rebekah (Mathews) Meriwether, of Georgia, the former a Revolutionary soldier under Lafayette, and of William and Margaret (Watts) Strother, of Stafford County, Va., who were members of the Broad River settlement, Ga.; great-great- grandson of Thomas and Susan Walker, of King and Queen County, Va., of Dr. Frank and Martha (Jamison) Meriwether, the former a native of Virginia, who removed to Georgia, 1784-5, the latter the sister of Col. Jameson, of the Virginia continental line, and of Gov. George Mathews, lieutenant colonel of the Ninth regiment of Virginia troops, first representa tive of Georgia in the U. S. congress and twice governor of that State. Peachy Ridgway Gilmer removed from Georgia to Montgomery County, Ala., and located on Catoma Creek. He was a man of industrious habits, a capital planter and acquired great wealth. He was a Demo crat. Married: (1) to Mary Boutwell, daughter of Daniel and Sally (Taliaferro) Harvie, native of Virginia, who removed to Broad River set tlement, Ga., the latter the sister of Col. Ben jamin Taliaferro of Virginia, and (2) to Mrs. Caroline Thomas, widow of Col. Jet Thomas. Children: 1. Thomas, d. unm. 2. Robert, m. Mary Murray; 3. Sallie, m. Dr. James; 4. Eliza, m. James Blair Gilmer; 5. Martha, m. (1) Dr. John Gratton; (2) Francis M. Gilmer, jr. Last residence: Montgomery County. GILMER, WILLIAM BENJAMIN STRO THER, planter, was a native of Georgia and died in Lafayette, Chambers County; son of Thomas Meriwether and Elizabeth (Lewis) DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 661 Gilmer, brother of James Jackson Gilmer, Peachy Ridgway Gilmer, (q. v.) and Mrs. Sophia Gilmer Bibb (q. v.), William B. S. Gil mer moved to Montgomery County, Ala., from Georgia and located with his brothers on Catoma Creek. He became one of the most influential men in this State and represented Montgomery County in the legislatures of 1834 and 1835. He removed to Lafayette, Chambers County, where he was the owner of a good deal of property. Married: Elizabeth, daughter of Nicholas Meriwether and Ann (Mathews) Marks, of Broad River settlement, Ga.; grand daughter of William and Elizabeth (Meri wether) Mathews, and of James and Elizabeth (Harvie) Marks, all of the Broad River set tlement, and great-granddaughter of Gov. George Mathews, of Georgia. There were no children by this marriage, but there was a son by adoption. Children: 1. Frank Perry. Last residence: Lafayette, Chambers County. GILMORE, GEORGE, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, and a resident of Montgomery County; private, particular service not dis closed; enrolled on March 22, 1837, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $20. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. GILMORE, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, a resident of Marengo County; private, particular service not shown; enrolled on April 26, 1836, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $21.66. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. He resided in Marengo County, June 1, 1840, aged 81.— Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. GILMORE, JOHN ARCADE, physician and member of the constitutional convention, 1901, was born March 1, 1856, at Choctaw Corners, Clarke County; son of Stephen M. and Susan (Slack) Gilmore, the former a prominent Methodist minister, the latter the daughter of a soldier of the War of 1812, who gave his life for the defense of his country; grandson of Humphrey Gilmore, who served as a private in the army of Gen. Nathaniel Greene, later located at Milledgeville, Ga., where he passed the remainder of his days. He received a good common school education; graduated 1886, as M. D. from the Louisville medical college, Ky.; entered upon the practice at Bethel, Wilcox County; removed in a short time to Thomasville where he now practices. For a number of years he served as a justice of the peace, his com mission having been confirmed by Gov. R. W. Cobb. He was a member of the constitutional convention of 1901 from Clarke County. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: (1) Kate Fontaine; (2) in 1892, to Olive, daughter of Oliver P. Slater, of Thomasville. Children, by second wife: John. Residence: Thomasville. GILMORE, JOHN T., physician, member of the faculty of the medical department, Uni versity of Alabama, Mobile. Deceased. Last residence: Mobile. GILPIN, BENJAMIN, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, and a resident of Henry County; private in cavalry and infantry, par ticular service not shown; enrolled on March 30, 1838, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $86.67.— Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. GIST, FRANK WHITTAKER, U. S. agricul tural statistician, was born January 28, 1866, in Grenada, Miss.; son of Samuel Houston and Rosa (Greene) Gist (q. v.) ; grandson of Rich ard Gist, of Belle Font, Ala., and of Thomas Greene and wife, a Miss Gentry, of White County, Tenn. The Gist family came from Eng land and settled first in Maryland, later in South Carolina. Mr. Gist was educated in the common schools of Bibb County and graduated from the Six-mile academy, of which Richard Hopkins Pratt, was president. He was printer and editor of Bibb "Blade," Calera "Journal," and Shelby "Chronicle;" a proof reader U. S. printing office, 1900-06; at present he is U. S. agricultural statistician. He is a Democrat; and served as chairman of fourth district con gressional Democratic executive committee, 1899. Married: June 13, 1892, in Calera, to Min nie Jane, daughter of Ira and Arminda (Kel- lett) Campbell, of Jemison. Children: 1. Lil lian Beryl, Montgomery. Residence: Mont gomery. GIST, SAM HOUSTON, publisher and editor, was born March 23, 1834, at Larkinsville, Jack son County, and died at Mountain Creek, July 13, 1915; son of Richard Gist a farmer and tailor, who married a Miss Frazer, and lived in Larkinsville and Bellefont, Jackson County; grandson of Thomas Gist, born in Union Dis trict, S. O, who lived at Smithland, Ky, and in East Tennessee, and was probably the grand son of Nathaniel Gist, a general of the Revolu tion, and a nephew of Mordecai Gist, of Wash ington's staff. He was educated in the com mon schools, and became a printer and editor. He was connected as editor with the "Belle- font Advertiser," the Auburn "Intelligencer," the Bibb County "Blade," and the Calera "Journal"; was a private in the Forty-fourth Alabama regiment; sergeant and lieutenant in Co. F., Twenty-seventh Mississippi infantry, C. S. Army having entered the service March 20, 1861. He commanded his company at the battle of Nashville. He took a positive and active part in the recovery of the state politi cally and otherwise, from the effects of war. He was examiner of prisons in Shelby County, and founded the camp of Confederate veterans at Calera which bears his name. He is a Demo crat, and was on the congressional district committee of the fifth district of Alabama in 1886. He is a member" of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, and was at one time 662 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY steward of his church; is a Mason and an Odd Fellow. Married: February 12, 1865, at Au burn, Rosa Greene, sister of William J. Greene, who was comptroller of Alabama at the out break of the War of Secession. Children: 1. Frank W. (q. v.) ; 2. Winifred, d. in infancy; 3. William Bonapart, d. in infancy. Last resi dence: Mountain Creek. GIVEN, WILLIAM MATTHEWS, engineer, was born September 27, 1858, in Montgomery, and died June 12, 1912, at Irondale; son of Alexander Frederick and Susan Elizabeth (Dil lard) Given, the former a native of County Tyrone, Ireland, who settled in Montgomery in 1844, three years after his arrival in the United States, and resided there until his death in 1888; grandson of Robert and Violette (Cald well) Given, of County Tyrone, Ireland, and Reuben and Delilah (Ponder) Dillard, who lived near Elberton, Ga. His early education was acquired at the private schools of Prof. Thomas L. Bragg and Dr. William Bateman, and he was prepared at fifteen to enter the Virginia military institute, but the financial reverses of the period following the War of Secession made it expedient that he continue his education in Montgomery. He obtained his professional training through practical expe rience under the guidance of Erastus L. Milner and G. D. Fitzhugh, both eminent engineers. Mr. Given entered the profession as a consult ing and mining engineer about 1884, at Red ding, with the Morris Brother mines. He moved to Virginia in 1890. and continued his profes sion there and in Utah, returning to Birming ham in 1898. At the time of his sudden death, he was prospecting in Mississippi preparatory to reporting upon the grey ores of that state. He was professionally connected with the min ing development of the states of Alabama, Vir ginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Utah and Georgia. In 1911, he was a member of a committee of expert engineers selected to report to Gov. O'Neal in regard to the wisdom of leasing state convicts for employment in the Banner mines. He was also one of the committee of five ap pointed to represent the Republic steel & iron company in appraising the iron ore and coal deposits of the several companies prior to the consolidation of the Tennessee coal & iron company. The report of that committee was used by the Stanley investigating committee in August, 1911. He also passed upon the proper ty of the Sayre mining & manufacturing com pany at Sayre, and developed and operated the property during 1903-1905. He was a Democrat; a Presbyterian; and a Mason. Married: No vember 11, 1885, in Birmingham, to Hor tense, daughter of Erastus L. and Emily Fitz- allen (Parsons) Milner, of that city. Mr. Mil ner was the first to hold the position of county engineer in Jefferson after the creation of the office in 1889. His first work was the construction of a public highway, with convict labor, laying the foundation of the great mod ern "good-roads" system in that county. Chil dren: 1. William Morris; 2. Hortense Eliza beth. Last residence: Irondale. GLASCOCK, THOMAS O., mayor of Montgom ery, was born in 1808, at Edgefield Court House, S. C, deceased; son of Gen. John and Eliza beth (Simkins) Glascock, the former a native of Richmond County, Ga., who lived at Edge field Court House, S. C, where he practiced law; grandson of Gen. Thomas and Mary (Bacon) Glascock, of Georgia, and of Eldred Arthur Simkins, of Edgefield, S. C. His ances tors were prominent factors in the colonial and Revolutionary periods of American history. His early education was obtained in the private schools of Augusta, Ga., where as a youth he resided with relatives. He moved to Alabama and for many years had charge of the land office at Montgomery. He was at one time mayor of the city of Montgomery, and was influential in state and municipal politics. He was a member of the staff of Gov. A. B. Moore. Origi nally he was a Democrat of the Andrew Jack son school, and later became a Republican and chairman of the executive committee of that party in Alabama. Married: at Montgomery, to Mary, daughter of Judge N. E. Benson (q. v.), of Montgomery. He had no children. Last residence: Montgomery. GLASGOW, JAMES S., Methodist minister, member of the North Alabama conference; sta tioned, 1920, at McCalla, Jefferson County. GLASS, BENJAMIN ALEXANDER, planter and soldier; was born October 24, 1796, near Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, N. C, and died October 20, 1864, at Selma; son of Benjamin and Mary (Alexander) Glass, natives of North Carolina and through the Alexanders traced his descent from Scottish nobility. A rudimentary education was acquired in the local schools of the period, supplemented in later years by ex tensive reading. Of a judicial mind he was esteemed by his contemporaries as a prudent counselor, and not only matters of equity be tween disputants, but also questions of theology and of law were laid before him. Devoting himself to agriculture he was a successful plan ter and aspired to no office other than justice of the peace which gave him the colloquial title of "Squire." In his early manhood he re sponded to the military demands of the pioneer country, and as an officer in the local com pany commanded by Captain Connoly he left Selma for Florida, to fight the Indians. In politics he was a Whig and bitterly opposed the growth of the new Democrats; and a Pres byterian. Being unfavorable to secret orders he affiliated with none except the "Sons of Temperance." Married: in 1830, at Valley Creek, near Selma, to Catharine, daughter of William and Catharine (Russell) Morrison of that place, the former was the leader of a large Scotch-Irish colony from North Carolina which formed the first white settlement in cen tral Alabama, and established the first Presby terian church in that section and probably the first in the State. So wide was his influence that he is mentioned in one of the histories of North Carolina as the "Apostle of the Val ley." Children: 1. Katharine, m. Newton R. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 663 Boggs; 2. Sarah, d. unm.; 3. Mary, m. Maj. T. H. Hopkins, of Selma. Last residence: Selma. GLASS. FRANKLIN POTTS, publisher and editor, was born June 7, 1858, at Centreville; son of Benjamin F. and Caroline (Potts) Glass, the former a planter and business man of Bibb County. He was prepared for entrance to Princeton university in private schools in Alabama, and was graduated with honor from Princeton, A. B., 1877. In 1880, he founded the Bibb "Blade," in Bibb County, owned and controlled the property for a year, then bought the Selma "Daily Times," 1881, and moved to that city. In 1886, he bought a half interest in the Montgomery "Advertiser," and moved to Montgomery where he afterward assumed the management of the property. Later, when the property interests of the newspaper were or ganized into the Advertiser company, Mr. Glass was made secretary, treasurer and manager, He became editor-in-chief of the Birmingham "News," in 1910, and is vice-president of the company. He is a Democrat, a member of several associations of publishers, was a mem ber of the board of directors of the Montgomery Commercial and Industrial Association, and a member of the board of trustees of the Car negie library of Montgomery. He was an elder of the First Presbyterian church of Mont gomery for twelve years. Married: April 2, 1884, Mattie Byrd Purnell, of Solitude, Dallas County, Tex. Children: Three sons and three daughters; the eldest son attended Princeton university. Residence: Birmingham. GLAZE, THOMAS, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 89, resided in Fayette County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. GLENN, B. C, sr., Methodist minister; mem ber of the Alabama conference; living in 1913. GLENN, CHARLES BOWLES, teacher and assistant superintendent of schools, was born December 1, 1871, at Auburn, Lee County; son of Emory Thomas and Helen Elizabeth (Ross) Glenn (q. v.). C. B. Glenn obtained early edu cation in private and public schools in Auburn. In 1891 he was graduated from the general course of the Alabama polytechnic institute. Au burn. Held post-graduate scholarship in Eng lish, was assistant librarian, 1891-1892; in June, 1892, received masters degree. He taught as assistant in Southwest Alabama agricultural school at Evergreen, 1892-1895; proceeds en abled him to attend Harvard university from which he was graduated in June, 1896; taught in Evergreen, 1896-1898; principal of Paul Hayne school, Birmingham; in 1908 elected as assistant superintendent of schools, and still holds this position. He was president of Ala bama educational association, 1904; advocated model plans for rural school houses; plans have been made, and extensively used in Alabama and elsewhere; in 1913 was president of Ala bama teachers' and young peoples' reading cir cle. From 1908 to 1913 he was a member of the State text book commission. He is a Methodist; and a Mason. Author: several ar ticles on methods of teaching, which have been printed in the State manual for elementary schools. Married: June 25, 1902, at Birming ham, to Elizabeth Roberts, daughter of Daniel White and Susan Ellen (Kean) Douglass, who lived at Bastrop, La.; granddaughter of Daniel Barnell and Cynthia Douglass whose family were immigrants from Scotland, and of Thomas Haslen and May (Cabarrus) Kean, the former bora in 1799 in New Bern, N. O, and whose fam ily came from Ireland; great-granddaughter of Augustus and Marie Dessere (Cherrier) Cabar rus, the latter a native of France, and whose family settled in Edenton, N. C. Children: 1. Elizabeth Susanne, d. in infancy; 2. Marie Au gustine. Residence: Birmingham. GLENN, EDGAR MASSILLON, Methodist minister, was born January 4, 1858, at Glen ville, Barbour, now Russell County; son of Massillon McKendree and Barbara Wesley (Herndon) Glenn, the former born at Cokes- bury, Abbeville District, S. C, came, about 1832, with his father to Alabama, lived at Glenville, a planter, served against the Creek Indians, 1836; brother of Eugene Herndon Glenn (q. v.); grandson of Rev. James E. and Elizabeth (Robinson) Glenn, who lived in the Carolinas, and at Glenville, after 1832, the former a native of Robeson County, N. C, a Methodist minister, settled Cokesbury, S. C, naming it in honor of Bishops Coke and Asbury, secured for the town a school which became noted, removed to Alabama about 1832, first lived among Indians, at their town site near the present Pittsview, Russell County, in 1835 settled Glenville, removed the following year on account of the hostile Indians, but at the close of the year he returned to this settle ment, and of Stephen Herndon and wife, a Miss Conner, who lived at Cokesbury, S. C. An cestors were Huguenots, came from the River Glenn, in France, to England, thence to Amer ica, settling first in Pennsylvania, migrating to Virginia and the Carolinas, representatives afterwards going to Georgia, Tennessee, Ala bama and even farther. Rev. Dr. Glenn obtained his early education at Glenville and Enon; at tended Southern university and Birmingham college, receiving from the latter the degree of A. B., 1902, and the same year the honorary degree of D. D. In April, 1879, at Glenville, he received license as a minister of the Meth odist Episcopal church, South; in December, 1879, was admitted to the Alabama conference; was duly ordained as deacon and elder, and since 1888 has been a member of the North Alabama conference. He aided in locating Birmingham college at Owenton, 1897; for four years, 1898-1902, was president of the college; is secretary to the trustees of the college; was president of Athens college, 1902-1904; was sec retary to the conference, 1905, which located at Montgomery the Woman's college of Ala bama; in 1910 was a member of the General conference. He is at present stationed at Mt. Vernon. He is a Democrat; Mason; Odd Fellow; and a Knight of Pythias. He has writ ten numerously, chiefly in church papers, and largely in regard to education and culture. Married: December 3, 1884, at Forkland, 664 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Greene County, to Mary Imogene, daughter of George Cherry and Susan Margaret (Gulley) Arrington, who lived at Forkland and at Birm ingham, the former a Confederate soldier; niece of Col. E. S. Gulley of Sumter County, a Confederate officer. Ancestors of the Arring- tons and Gulleys moved from North Carolina. Children: 1. George Arrington (q. v.) ; 2. Susie Herndon; 3. Claude. Massillon; 4. Edgar Mc carty. Residence: Mt. Vernon. GLENN, EMORY THOMAS, planter and treas urer Alabama polytechnic institute, was born May 1, 1830, in Meriwether County, Ga., and died August 3, 1906, at Auburn; son of John Bowles Glenn (q. v.). He received early education at Glenville, Russell County, and attended col lege at Summerfield, Dallas County. He resided at Auburn, and before the War of Secession was treasurer of East Alabama college; was a planter until 1872, in which year he became treasurer of the Alabama polytechnic institute. He continued in this position until his death. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; a Mason; and a Knight of Honor. Married: October 26, 1852, to Helen Elizabeth, daughter of Isaac and Nar cissa Whitfield (Sledge) Ross, jr. (q. v.), who lived at Oak Bowery; granddaughter of Chap pell and Jane (Harris) Sledge and of Isaac and Parthenia (Brown) Ross, sr. (q. v)., and great-granddaughter of John Ross, who immi grated with two brothers, to Pennsylvania; re lated to the Sledge family of Greensboro, and to the Crommelin family of Montgomery. Chil dren: 1. John Bowles, deceased; 2. Isaac, de ceased; 3. Emory Thomas, deceased; 4. James Whitfield, deceased, m. (1) Elberta Holt; (2) Leona Robinson; 5. Walter Ross, m. Fannie Casey, lives in Birmingham; 6. Mary Parthenia, deceased; 7. Clara Elizabeth, m. William Perry, resides in Auburn; 8. Emory Thomas, deceased, m. Mamie Warren; 9. Maria Allen, succeeded ner father as treasurer of the Alabama poly technic institute, Auburn; 10. Willie Ella, m. Bowling Hall Crenshaw (q. v.), Auburn; 11. Charles Bowles (q. v.), m. Elizabeth Roberts Douglass, Birmingham; 12. Maude Helen, m. Harry Smith, Macon, Ga.; 13. John Bowles Ross, deceased. Last residence: Auburn. GLENN, EUGENE HERNDON, lawyer and judge, was born October 26, 1843, at Glenville, Barbour County; son of Massilon McKendree and Barbara W. (Herndon) Glenn, the former a native of Abbeville District, S. C, lived at Glenville from 1834 until his death in 1889, was in the Creek War of 1836-37, serving on the staff of Gen. Winfield Scott, and was a member of the state convention of 1865; brother of Edgar Massillon Glenn (q. v.) ; grand son of James E. and Elizabeth (Robinson) Glenn, the former a Methodist minister, 1834- 52, who emigrated from Abbeville District, S. C, to Randolph County, Ga., thence to Ala bama, and of Stephen and Sarah (Conner) Herndon, who lived at Cokesbury, S. C. Judge Glenn was educated in the Glenville collegiate and military institute; student University of Alabama, 1861-62; detailed in June, 1862, by Gov. Shorter to drill Confederate army recruits at the recruiting station, Auburn; drill master, afterward sergeant-major and later adjutant of the 45th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; adjutant of the 1st Alabama infantry regiment, when General Johnston surrendered at Greensboro, N. C, and formed the regiment on its colors for its surrender to the Federal officer. He was for twelve years probate judge of Russell County, and represented the twenty- seventh senatorial district in the senate of 1907. He is a trustee of the University of Alabama. He is a Democrat; a Mason; and a Methodist. Married: February 8, 1877, at Vil lula, Russell County, to Sarah Virginia, daughter of John G. and Frances Elizabeth (Collier) Evans. The Evans family formerly lived in Harris County, Ga., and in 1859 emi grated to Russell County. Children: 1. Evans Herndon; 2. Lucius Francis. Residence: Seale. GLENN, GEORGE ARRINGTON, lawyer, was born March 22, 1888, at Birmingham; son of Rev. Edgar Massillon and Mary Imogene (Ar rington) Glenn (q. v.). He received his early education in the public schools of Elyton, At talla and Lafayette; attended Birmingham college, two years; was graduated from Vander bilt university, Nashville, Tenn., B. S., 1913; and from the law school of the University of Alabama, LL. B., 1914. He entered the'practice of law at Gadsden, in June, 1914, and con tinued in that occupation until June 19, 1916, when the Alabama national guard was called into Federal service for duty on the Mexican border. He served as second lieutenant, Co. F, Fourth Alabama infantry, January 15, 1916, to April 15, 1917; as first lieutenant, Co. B, Fourth Alabama infantry, April 16, 1917, to August 4, 1917; as first lieutenant, Headquar ters company, 167th infantry, 42nd (Rainbow) division, August 5, 1917 to September 3, 1918; was promoted to the rank of captain, September 4, 1918, and placed in command of the First battalion, 167th infantry from September 21, 1918 until December 5, 1918, when he resumed command of the headquarters company; was promoted to the rank of major, March 3, 1919; and honorably discharged from the U. S. Army at Camp Gordon, Georgia, October 28, 1919. Maj. Glenn took part in the defensive on the Lorraine front, Baccaret sector, sub-sector Vacqueville, and on the Champagne-Mame, in the defense of Chalons; in the offensive at Aisne-Marne, the Chateau-Thierry salient, at the St. Mihiel salient, and at Meuse-Argonne. He was with the army of occupation at Sinzig-am- Rhein, the station of the 167th infantry, and returned to the United States in April, 1919. He is a Democrat, a Methodist, and a member of Sigma Nu college fraternity. Residence: Birmingham. GLENN, JAMES McCOY, Methodist minis ter, was born May 12, 1869, at Greenville; son of Rev. James W. and Frances Elizabeth (Reid) Glenn. Mr. Glenn received his early education at Dayton; in 1885-86, attended the Alabama high school at Tuskegee; in 1886 entered the Southern university, gradu ating, A. B., 1888, and A. M., 1891; was one of the editors of the "Southern university DR. VIVIAN P. GAINES DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 667 monthly"; spent two years in Alabama con ference M. E. church, South; owing to throat affection was variously occupied or taught until 1899; since which time he has been regu larly in the itinerant work of the conference; was editor of the Alabama "Christian Advo cate" for a number of years, and is now serv ing at Flomaton and Pollard. Author: "The Sacred Scriptures," which has passed through several editions; and has contributed numer ous articles to Northern and Southern peri odicals. He is a Mason; a Woodman of the World; and a member of Sigma Alpha Epsi lon college fraternity. Married: December 20, 1899, at Midway, to Cora L„ daughter of W. E. Robertson, a veteran of the Fifteenth Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. Chil dren: 1. Elizabeth Frances; 2. Cora Lee; 3. Mary Katherine; 4. Olivia Cope; 5. James Wil liam. Residence: Pollard. GLENN, JOHN BOWLES, Methodist minister, was born April 6, 1786, in Chester District, S. C, and died August 9, 1869, at Auburn; son of James and Elizabeth (Bowles) Glenn of Cumberland County, Va.; grandson of Benja min Bowles; great-grandson of James Glenn of Cumberland County, who in 1735 bought land in Chester and Union Counties, S. C, and was a Revolutionary soldier, serving with Washington's army when Cornwallis surren dered at Yorktown. Glenn had only three months in school, but by diligent applica tion he became an educated man. He joined the South Carolina conference in 1809, and was at once given the Apalachee circuit; in 1811 the Ohoopee circuit; was stationed in North Carolina, 1813; in Charleston, S. C, 1814; Fayetteville, N. C, 1815; and Augusta, Ga., 1816. He was a member of the general conference, held in Baltimore, the second dele gated general conference of American Metho dism. In 1817 he was appointed to Enoree circuit. In 1820, following the custom in re gard to married ministers he was located. He commenced farming that year in Jones County, Ga., and later located in Meriwether County. In 1837 he removed to Barbour County, Ala., and with his kinsman, Rev. James E. Glenn, helped to make of "Glennville," one of the most desirable villages in the state. In 1847 he removed to Auburn where he re mained until his death. In his services as minister in a pioneer county he always urged upon the people the importance of school houses and churches. In 1855 when the Ala bama conference began its wonderful educa tional movement, he lent his strong support. He aided the movement that resulted in the founding of the East Alabama college, located at Auburn, and urged the fostering care of the church for the institution. He made the first contribution to the fund and was made president of the board of trustees, a place he held until his death. He was superintendent of the Sunday school at Auburn for many years, and made a deep impression upon the spiritual life of his time. He was a Whig. Married: in 1820, to Maria, daughter of Dr. James and Jane Eliza (McGehee) Allen of Putnam County, Ga.; granddaughter of Col. Vol. Ill— 43 John Allen, an officer in the Revolution, a member Virginia Convention, 1776, member Privy council, 1780, member Federal conven tion of 1788 from Surry County, and of Daniel and Jane (Hodnett) McGehee, who rendered material aid to the continental cause; great- granddaughter of Col. John Allen of Clairmont, member of the house of delegates, 1774-86-87- 88, a member of the council, who died in 1799, and of a Major Hodnett, who commanded "Hodnett's Horse" in the Revolution; great- great-granddaughter of Maj. Arthur Allen who patented lands in Surry County, Va., in 1649. Children: 1. Mandana; 2. Z. M., m. Nicholas Jackson; 3. Cornelia, m. Rev. W. A. McCarty; 4. Ann, m. Dr. W. H. Lamar (q. v.); 5. Me lissa H, m. M. A. Holt; 6. Emory Thomas, m. Elizabeth H. Ross; 7. Sarah S., m. Rev. Mark S. Andrews (q. v.). Last residence: Auburn. GLENN, M. M., member of the constitutional convention of 1865, from Barbour County. GLENN, ROBERT JAMES, planter, was born February 27, 1816, in Hancock County, Ga., and died May 5, 1858, at Montgomery; son of Robert Billups and Mary (Lewis) Glenn, who lived at Coosada, near Mont gomery; grandson of Francis and Lucy (Dud ley) Lewis; great-grandson of John Lewis who was fifty years old at the beginning of the Revolution, but had three younger brothers, Nicholas, William and Charles, serving as of ficers in the Colonial Army; great-great-grand son of Robert Lewis, of Belvoir, born in 1726, who married Catherine Fauntleroy, and had a numerous family. Mr. Jefferson, in his bio graphical sketch of Meriwether Lewis, speaks of the family as one of the most distinguished of Virginia. One of Mr. Glenn's great-grand fathers married a sister-in-law of Gen. Sumter, and while he fought in Sumter's army, his wife and her sister, Mrs. Sumter, sought refuge in the high hills. Mr. Glenn was a planter. He was an Episcopalian. Married: (1) May 10, 1847, at Marion, Mary Caroline, daughter of William Easley and Eliza Paul (Townes) Blassingame, who lived at Marion, the for mer was one of the first trustees of Jud son institute, and when the institute was opened four of the first fourteen pupils were his children; sister of Aurelia Blassin game, who became the wife of Gov. Fitz patrick; and a descendant of John Blass ingame, a major in the Revolution and a gen eral in the War of 1812; (2) Harriet Ware, of Uniontown. Children, by first marriage: 1. Mary Blassingame, m. Judge Robert C. Brickell (q. v.); by second marriage: none of the children survive, but there are three grandchildren, Charles Peacher of Montgom ery, Annie Peacher, m. Chanler Copeland, and Lela Peacher, m. Eugene Ware, Birmingham. Last residence: Montgomery. GLENN, ROBERT LEE, banker, real estate broker, and promoter of waterpower and water transportation on the Tennessee River, was born February 20, 1864, in Florence, Lauder dale County, and died at that place January 27, 1916; son of Walter and Eliza (Butler) Glenn, 668 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY the former a native and life time resident of Florence, who taught in the city schools there, entered the Confederate Army, April, 1861, as commissary sergeant in Co. K, 7th Alabama in fantry regiment, was captured in 1863 and held in the Federal prison at Rock Island, 111., until 1865; grandson of Walter and Nancy Agnes (McBride) Glenn, the former a merchant and planter, a native of Ireland who migrated to America in 1800, located in Allegheny County, Borough of Pittsburg, Pa., where he married, in 1804, and with his wife moved to Florence, Ala., in 1824, there bought property and located a home that still remains in the family, and of William and Eliza (Lee) Butler, of Rogersville, Lauderdale County, the latter a native of Vir ginia. Mr. Glenn received his preparatory edu cation in the city schools of Florence, and later attended Wesleyan college, now the State nor mal school of that place. His first business experience was that of a traveling salesman. Later he became a real estate broker in Flor ence and throughout Lauderdale County. In 1905, he organized the Alabama trust and sav ings bank, of which he was president until his death. He was also the southern representa tive of the Bank of America of New York City. With his ever growing influence and increas ing means, Mr. Glenn centered his energies upon the material and civic advancement of his town and section. He was a consistent advo cate of the development of the Tennessee River, both as to its water power and navigation, and throughout his entire business career urged both local and national support of this project. He was a Democrat and in 1912, was sent by his party as a delegate to the national convention that met in Baltimore. His interest in educa tion was deep and as a trustee of the State board of normal schools, he lent valuable coun sel to the welfare and development of the teacher-training system of the commonwealth. He was also a director of the Alabama Presby terian college for boys, at Anniston. With a full appreciation of his ability as a military adviser, he was appointed, as a member of their staffs, by both Gov. Emmet O'Neal and Gov. Charles Henderson. He was a Presbyterian; a Mason; Knight of Pythias; and an Elk. Mar ried: September 7, 1893, at Monroe, La., to Mai- mie Cecelia, daughter of Timothy and Joe Anna Hayes of that place. Children: 1. Robert Lee, lawyer, Florence; 2. Walter H, insurance and real estate, Florence; 3. J. Hayes, student; 4. Cecelia, student. Last residence: Florence. GLENNON, JAMES KETCHUM, business man, was born August 5, 1847, in Philadelphia, Pa.; son of James and Catherine Glennon, na tives of Mullingar County, Westmeath, Ireland, who emigrated to America over a half century ago, finally locating in Alabama. His early education was received in the private schools of Amos Towle of Mobile, and in 1860 he en tered Spring Hill college. When a lad of thir teen he became the office boy of Dr. George A. Ketchum; at sixteen became bookkeeper for the drug firm of O. F. Cawthom, at eighteen took a like position with Price Williams & son, real estate and money brokers. He was admitted as a partner in 1873 and at the death of Mr. Williams in 1884 purchased the interest of his estate, the firm name since being James K. Glennon & co. He was elected director of the Peoples bank at that time; was one of the charter members of the Electric light co., and of the Home telephone co.; organized and ob tained the charter for the Central trust co.; was active in the good roads movement in his county; was for several years president of the Manassas club and has been upon the govern ing board of that and the Athelstan club; is a member of several of the mystic societies and other social organizations. He is a Demo crat; a Roman Catholic; and a Knight of Columbus. He was too young to participate in the War of Secession. He has been a mem ber of the Mobile rifles, captain of the Lamar rifles, and aide-de-camp, with rank of major on the staff of Gen. J. W. Whiting, comman der Alabama State militia. Married: April 21, 1873, in Mobile, to Florence, daughter of Uriah A. and Maria Z. (Watson) Barlow, a North Carolina family but natives of Virginia, related to the Fairfaxes. Children: 1. Kath erine Valentine, m. Mathias Mahorner, jr.; 2. Lovie Agnes, m. Jack Ponder; 3. Florence Marie; 4. John Francis, m. Lila McNeill, 5. James Hope, m. Rella Welds; 6. Grace; 7. Zel- pah, deceased. Residence: Mobile. GLOVER, ALFRED YOUNG, planter, was born January 10, 1837, at Mobile; son of Wil liamson Allen and Amelia Tilghman (Walton) Glover, the former a native of South Carolina, lived at Rosemont, Greene County; grandson of William and Justina (Generick) Walton, who died at Strawberry Hill, Greene County. He was educated in the schools in the vicinity of his home; at the Green Springs academy under Professor Henry Tutwiler; at the Uni versity of Alabama, but did not complete the course; graduated at the South Carolina col lege, in 1855; entered upon the practice of law at Friar's Point, Miss., as junior partner of the late Senator James L. Alcorn; enlisted in Co. A, 43d Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, in 1862, remaining with this command until captured at Hatcher's Run, Va., March 31, 1865; was paroled from Point Lookout, Md., June 20, 1865. After the war he returned to Forkland; was a member of the commissioner's court of Greene County from 1874 to 1878; a representative from that county in the house, 1896-97, and was re-elected a member of the house in November, 1902. He has been a cot ton planter all his life. He is a Democrat; and an Episcopalian. Married: November 11, 1858, at Columbus, Miss., to Antoinette Bibb, daughter of Dr. Samuel B. and Eliza Antoi nette (Bibb) Malone, the former a surgeon in the United States Navy; granddaughter of John Danbridge Bibb, elder brother of William Wyatt Bibb (q. v.) and Thomas Bibb (q. v.). Alabama's first two governors. Residence: Forkland. GLOVER, ALLEN, pioneer merchant and planter, was born April 6, 1770, in Edgefield District S. C, and died September 1840, in Ma rengo County; son of Col. Joseph Glover, of South Carolina, a Revolutionary soldier, who DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 669 commanded the First regiment South Carolina line, 1775, and who died at his plantation, "Poupon" August 6, 1783. He was educated in the schools of South Carolina; was an extensive planter, and in 1819, removed with his family, several brothers, his slaves, flocks and herds to Marengo County, Ala., where they bought lands from discontented French colonists and erected log dwellings, schoolhouse and stores. He traded with the Indians, his little daughter stringing beads for this trade; slowly estab lished a great planting interest, and was one of the founders of the present city of Demop olis. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: (1) April 17, 1803, to Sarah Serena, daughter of Williamson Norwood of Abbeville, S. C, (2) Miss Pearson. Children: by the first wife, 1. Allen; 2. Williamson, m. Amelia T. Walton; 3. Sarah Serena, m. Francis S. Lyon; 4. Mary, m. Col. Innis Thornton; 5. Aletha, m. (1) Dr. James Davenport, who established the first Episcopal church in Demopolis; (2) Col. Graham, of Eutaw, (3) Dr. Weisager, of Louis ville, Ky.; 6. Willy Ann, m. Dr. Goodman G. Griffin (q. v.); by the second wife; 7. Pear son Glover, who m. Mary Walton of Dayton, and had two daughters, one m. Mr. Dryer, of Birmingham, the other m. Dr. May and moved to New York. Last residence: Marengo County. GLOVER, BENJAMIN, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 81, and a resident of Madison County; ^private Maryland Militia; enrolled on January 24, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $46.66; sums received to date of publication of list, $139.98. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. GLOVER, BENJAMIN ROBERT, planter and civil engineer, was born April 21, 1832, at White Hall, Marengo County, and died January 22, 1872, at Greenwood, Fla.; son of Benjamin II and Mary Amanda Fitz Allen (Hughes) Glover, of Edgefield District, S. C; grandson of Benjamin I and Mary (Oliver) Glover, the former a son of Col. Joseph Glover, a Revolu tionary soldier who died at his plantation home "Poupon" in Edgefield District, S. C, August 6, 1783. The Glover family came origi nally from Scotland and settled in South Caro lina many years before the Revolution. In 1819, Benjamin I and Allen Glover, brothers, removed from Edgefield to Alabama, settling in Marengo County, buying lands from the French colonists of Demopolis. Mr. Glover was edu cated in the log school houses of those pioneer regions, but taught by such teachers as Thomas Walthall Price, and Dr. Kittrell of Dayton, later he entered Henry Tutwiler's school at Greene Springs, where he completed the course of civil engineering. He applied himself suc cessfully to , farming in Wilcox County, mak ing engineering incidental. In 1859, he re moved to Greenwood, Fla., on the Chipola River. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. He was a Confederate soldier of the Sixth Flor ida infantry regiment and was permanently dis abled at the battle of Chickamauga. Married: July 6, 1859, in Dayton, to Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Dr. John Cosert and Martha Jamison (Meriwether) Dansby, of Oglethorpe County, Ga.; and great-granddaughter of Fran cis and Martha (Jamison) Meriwether, of Vir ginia. Children: 1. Benjamin Oliver, unmar ried; 2. Francis Dansby, m. Lula Belle Gillum, of Brewton; 3. Willey Mildred, m. Francis Mer iwether Mathews, of Mathews Station;' 4. Mary Robert, m. Napoleon August Saportas of New York. Last residence: Greenwood, Fla. GLOVER, CATO DOUGLAS, lawyer, register in U. S. land office, was born June 10, 1863, at Forkland, Greene County; son of William son Allen and Mary S. (Hayden) Glover, who lived near Forkland, the former a native of Edgefield, S. C, born March 10, 1804, who moved to Demopolis with his father and mother when a child, and at twenty-one years of age. moved to his plantation near Forkland, dying in Forkland, February 7, 1879; grandson of Allen and Sarah (Norwood) Glover (q. v.), and of Robert Hayden, who lived at Columbus, Miss., until he moved to Huntsville, Tex. He received his early education in the country schools of Forkland, and was graduated from the law school of the University of Alabama, B. L., 1891. Later he attended business col lege in Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He began prac ticing law in Russellville in 1891, and later moved to Texas. He returned to Alabama, set tled in Centreville, and practiced law in Bibb County for twelve years. He moved ¦ to Gads den, June 20, 1904, remaining there until June 23, 1913, when he was appointed register in the U. S. land office at Montgomery. He is a Democrat and an Episcopalian. Married: Jan uary 10, 1893, in Tuscaloosa, Emma D., daughter of Charles Clinton and Mattie Cor dette (White) Seed; granddaughter of Charles White of Hope, Ark. Children: 1. Charles Williamson, b. January 26, 1895, at Blocton, attended the University of Alabama, leaving school in 1916 to join the signal corps serving on the Mexican border, when war was declared with Germany, enlisted in the U. S. Army, was commissioned captain, and after the armistice, was stationed in Cob- lenz, Germany; 2. Cato Douglas, jr., b. Sep tember 15, 1898, in Centreville, attended Marion institute, the University of Alabama, and was graduated at Annapolis as an ensign, June 6, 1919; 3. Williamson Allen, b. January 15, 1905, in Gadsden, a student in the military course at Barnes school, Montgomery. Residence: Montgomery. GLOVER, JOHN THOMAS, lawyer and legis lator, was born May 14, 1864, at Richmond, Twiggs County, Ga.; son of John Thomas and Cleopatra Victoria (Strozer) Glover, the for mer was born in 1837, was a lawyer in Albany and Dawson, Ga., successively, enlisted as a private in Co. I, 6th Georgia infantry regi ment, C. S. Army, was promoted lieutenant, and was afterward made adjutant of his regi ment, after the cessation of hostilities resumed the practice of his profession in Twiggs Coun ty, Ga.; grandson of Thomas and Elizabeth (Pittman) Glover, the former an immigrant 670 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY from Ireland, who located in Nash County, N. C, emigrated in 1820, to Twiggs County, Ga., where he became an extensive cotton planter, and of Peter Jacob and Rhoda (Glover) Strozer, of Albany, Ga. He was educated in the common schools; removed in 1885, to Talla dega, and in 1887, to Birmingham; studied law and was admitted to the bar in Birmingham in 1896, where he has since practiced his pro fession. He was one of the representatives of Jefferson County in the legislature of 1907. He is a Democrat; an Elk; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: August 3, 1890, at Lithia Springs, Ga., to Jennie Ensley, daughter of Thomas and Mattie (Couch) Arnall. Mrs. Glover died in Philadelphia, March 14, 1907. Children: 1. Thomas Arnall; 2. Martha Vir ginia. Residence: Birmingham. GLOVER, PHILIP S., lawyer, was born about 1818, and died in Livingston, February 11, 1848; son of a brother of Allen Glover (q. v.) ; grandson of Col. Joseph Glover, a Revolution ary soldier of South Carolina, who served in the first regiment South Carolina line, and was promoted to be colonel and who died at his plantation home "Poupon," in Edgefield Dis trict, S. C, August 6, 1783. He was well edu cated, and trained to the law, becoming partner of Judge Henry Scruggs. He was a repre sentative in the State legislature from Sum ter County for several terms and was serving thus at the time of his death. The legislature which was in session at Tuscaloosa, passed resolutions, adjourned out of respect, and at tended his funeral in a body, the pall-bearers being fellow members. He was a Democrat; an Odd Fellow; and a Baptist. Married: about 1845, to Frances Torrey, of Monroe County. Last residence: Livingston. GODBEY, E. W., lawyer; living in 1913. Residence: Decatur. GODBOLD, CADE M., public official, was born March 20, 1809, at Marion, S. C, and died October 16, 1878, at Bay Minette; son of Nathaniel and Rachael Godbold, who also lived at Marion, S. C, but removed to Alabama in 1810, and settled near St. Stephens, with a family of ten children, the former a soldier of the Revolution. The Godbolds were of Ger man origin. He was U. S. marshal prior to the sixties and quartermaster sergeant during the War of Secession. He was a Democrat; and a Mason. Married: July 13, 1842, at Car penter Station, Baldwin County, to Mary Ann, daughter of Charles and Mary (Byrne) Hall of that place; granddaughter of Charles and Elliene (Dupree) Hall, the former a native of England who came to America prior to the Revolutionary War, in which he participated, removed to Georgia, and settled later in Ala bama, and of Gerald and Ann (Palmer) All- man Byrne, of Georgia. Children: 1. Ann Hall; 2. Aurelia Mary; 3. James Dargan; 4. Flor ence VanDom, m. David Crawford Byrne (q. v.) ; 5. Burwell Boykin, m. Kate Bidgood Drake; 6. Octavia Marcy, m. William Alfred Smith Haynie; 7. Grace; 8. Cade M., jr. Last residence: Bay Minette. GODBOLD, NORMAN DOSIER, lawyer and State senator, was born April 1, 1877, at Bethel, Wilcox County; son of Leonard William and Alice Harriet (Ratcliffe) Godbold, both of Wil cox County, the former a planter who spent his entire life in the vicinity of the place of his birth; grandson of Leonard Dosier and Harriet (Shamburger) Godbold, and of Leoni das and Sarah (Sellers) Ratcliffe, all of Wil cox County. Mr. Godbold was educated in the private schools in Bethel, and at the State nor mal college, Florence, from which he graduated, 1894; in 1895, he received LL. B. degree from the University of Alabama. Entering upon the practice of law at St. Stephens in 1895, he con tinued there until 1898, when he removed to Pine Hill; since 1900 he has practiced at Cam den. He served as county solicitor of Wash ington County, 1895-96; member of the legis lature from Wilcox County, 1898-99; solicitor of Wilcox County, 1904; mayor of Camden, 1905-06; and State senator from the twenty- second senatorial district, 1911. He is a Demo crat; Presbyterian; Mason, Knight of Pythias; and a Knight of Honor. Married: June 25, 1902, at Camden, to Irene, daughter of William Thomas and Eva (Bell) Alford, of Mobile; granddaughter of Joseph and Martha (Jones) Bell, and of William T. and Eliza (Primm) Al ford. Children: 1. Evelyn; 2. Norman D., jr. Residence: Camden. GODBOLD, RICHARD I., farmer and Con federate soldier, was born-- in 1845, in Dallas County, on the Alabama River, and died No vember 28, 1873, in Rockdale, Tex., of yellow fever. His father belonged to the pioneer God bold family of Dutch Bend, Autauga County. While attending the State university he ran away and joined the Confederate Army, en listing in Co. A, Third Texas cavalry. Incapaci tated by wounds, in 1862, he was made C. S. depot agent for Wood County, Tex.; and served in other clerical positions until the close of the War of Secession. He was a farmer. Mar ried: September 8, 1869, in Marshall, Tex., to Mary W. Pierce. Children: 1. Mary, m. A. L. Brooks, of Montgomery. Last residence: Rock dale, Tex. GODFREY, LAWRENCE DECATUR, lawyer, was bora February 10, 1842, at Jones Bluff, now Epes Station, near Gainesville, Sumter County; son of Dozier and Margaret (Phillips) Godfrey, who lived at Jones Bluff; grandson of William and Elizabeth (Dozier) Godfrey, the former of whom moved from South Caro lina to St. Stephens when that place was the capital of the state, and later moved to Sum ter County, and of Maj. John Phillips, who lived at St. Stephens, Washington County, and moved to Sumter County about the same time as Mr. Godfrey. He received his early educa tion in the common schools, in the boarding school of John H. Sherald, near Livingston, in Somerville institute, Noxubee County, Miss., and attended the Southern university at Greens boro until the beginning of the War of Se cession. He enlisted as a private in the Fifth Alabama infantry, and was wounded, losing his right arm, in the battle of Seven Pines, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 671 May 31, 1862. After the war, he studied law; was admitted to the bar in Gainesville, Sum ter County, in 1873; and moved to Bessemer, Jefferson County, January, 1903. He was mayor of Gainesville, 1880-1888, 1889, 1891- 1893, 1900-1903; represented Sumter County in the lower house of the legislature, 1884, 1885, 1901, 1902; was elected to the State senate, 1888-1889, and 1890-1891; and was elected soli citor of the sixth judicial district, 1892-1898. He is a Democrat, a Methodist and was a delegate to the general conference of Metho dists, held in St. Louis in 1890. Married: January 2, 1866, at Gainesville, Nannie Temple, daughter of Blake Baker and Nancy (Barret) Woodson, of Gainesville. Children: 1. Blake Woodson, A. B„ b. March 26, 1876, assistant secretary, Y. M. C.. A., Luna O., 1897- 1898, general secretary, Y. M. C. A., Athens, Ga., 1898-1899, and at Bristol, Tenn., 1899, army secretary, Spanish War, 1898; 2. Baker, b. April 16, 1878, railway clerk, Meridian, Miss. Residence: Bessemer. GOETZEL, S. H, pioneer publisher. Last residence: Mobile. GOGGANS, ALEXANDER, soldier of the American Revolution, was born in Richmond County, Va., January 14, 1758. In early life, his parents emigrated to Newberry District, S. C. Young Goggans was an active soldier in the Revolutionary service. He was in Col. Williams' command at the battle of King's Mountain, where he was wounded in the left shoulder. Sometime afterwards while with a scouting party, he was wounded in the left leg. And again, in another skirmish, he was struck down by a severe sabre stroke on the head and left upon the field for dead. After his recovery from this third wound, he re joined his comrades and continued an active partisan to the end of the war. After peace was made, Mr. Goggans married Mary Da- shields, who died in 1800. About 1815, he married Elizabeth Kilpatrick. After many years' residence in South Carolina, he emi grated to Lincoln County, Tenn. Thence in 1819 he emigrated to Lawrence County, Ala., where he resided until the death of his wife in 1836. He then moved to Carroll County, Ga., where he died March 21, 1852, in the triumphs of a living Faith. He was buried the next day with military honors in the grave yard at Bethany church. — Condensed from a sketch in Jacksonville Republican, Jacksonville, Ala., June 8, 1852. GOING, J. A., business man. father of Rufus Going. Deceased. Last residence: Birming ham. GOLDSBY, GEORGE W., lawyer, was the son of Col. Thornton Boykin Goldsby, and the twin brother of Col. Thomas J. Goldsby (q. v.) and Guy Smith Goldsby (q. v.). He was highly educated in a northern college, and settled for the practice of law in Perry County; was a member of the house of representatives from that county, 1849 and 1851. Garrett says of him, "Public Men of Alabama," p. 535, "Mr. Goldsby was a gentleman of modest, unpre tending address, and possessed a good heart, a kind disposition, and talents which, had he been thrown at once upon his own resources, would have worked his way to improvement and probably distinction." Married: Cath erine Harrell. Children: 1. Thornton Boykin, student University of Alabama, 1864-65, drug gist and planter, never married, d. May, 1876; 2. George T., removed to Louisiana. Last resi dence: Perry County. GOLDSBY, GUY SMITH, planter, was born October 18, 1832, and died in 1852; son of Thomas Boykin Goldsby, and brother of Thomas J. (q. v.) and George W. Goldsby (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Dallas County and in 1848 entered the University of Alabama from Summerfield; graduated A. B., 1851. Dr. W. S. Wyman said of him: "He was as modest as a woman, and the courtliest man he ever knew at the University of Ala bama." He was unmarried. Last residence: Summerfield. GOLDSBY, JOEL WALKER WINSTON, lawyer and State senator, was born Novem ber 24, 1862 at Selma, Dallas County; son of Col. Thomas Jefferson and Mary Agnes (Wins ton) Goldsby (q. v.). Mr. Goldsby was edu cated in the private school of Hon. Joseph W. Taylor, of Eutaw, at Washington and Lee uni versity, but did not complete his course; and attended the summer school of the University of Virginia. He entered public life as a mem ber of the house of representatives of 1892; and in the same year was appointed census supervisor of the first district in Alabama. He was a member of the senate of 1903 from the 33rd senatorial district. He is a lawyer in the active practice in Mobile. He is a Democrat; an Elk; and a Presbyterian. Mar ried: October 7, 1885, at Lexington, Va. to Agnes Reid, daughter of Prof. James Jones and Mary Louise (Reid) White, the former was on the staff of Gen. Stonewall Jackson and later of Gen. Robert E.Lee, and for a long time filled the chair of Greek at Washington and Lee uni versity. Children: 1. Mary Easley; 2. Louise Reid Winston; 3. Isabelle White; 4 Winston; 5. Reid White; 6. Joel. Residence: Mobile. GOLDSBY, THOMAS JEFFERSON, planter, was a native of Georgia; son of Thornton Boy kin and Sarah Warren (Smith) Goldsby; twin brother of George W. Goldsby (q. v.), and brother of Guy S. Goldsby (q. v.). He was edu cated at Yale and Princeton, and was a planter. During the War of Secession he served as cap tain Co. A, Fourth Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and later as its lieutenant-colonel. He was a Democrat. Married: Mary Agnes, daughter of John Anthony Winston (q. v.). Children: 1. John Anthony, d. young; 2. Mary Easley, d. unm.; 3. John Anthony, m. Belle Sea- well, both deceased; 4. Joel W. W. (q. v.), m. Agnes Reid White, of Lexington, Va.; 5. Thomas J., d. young; 6. George Edmund, d. young. Last residence: Mobile. GOLDSBY, THORNTON BOYKIN, pioneer settler, was born September 14, 1796, in Georgia, 672 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and diecl September 4, 1858, at Summerfield, Dallas County. He first lived in Alabama at "Meed Hall," two and one half miles from Marion, later at Summerfield. He was a plant er, breeder of fine horses, owned much business property in Selma, and graded more than half of the railroad between Selma and Uniontown. He was a Democrat. Married: Sarah Warren, of Georgia. Children: 1. Eliza Frances, m. (1) Thomas B. Carson, whose only daughter, Estelle Thornton, m. Col. Sam Will John (q. v.), (2) Ben Edward Grey; 2. Elizabeth A., m. Ed King; 3. arid 4. twins, George Washington, and Thom as Jefferson (q. v.), m. Aggie, daughter of Gov. John Anthony Winston (q. v.) ; 5. Guy Smith; 6. Martha Jane; 7. Thornton Boykin, jr.; 8. Ter rell Richard. Last residence: Summerfield. GOLDSMITH, ROBERT LEE, lawyer, was born November 27, 1864, at Calhoun, Lowndes County; son of Andrew Fuller and Frances Alice (Faver) Goldsmith, the former a native of Monroe County, Ga., who moved with his parents to Russell County in 1834, and later to Chalmers County, and became a minister of the Baptist church; grandson of William Hale and Zilpha (Kornegay) Goldsmith, and of Col. Henry Faver, and his wife, formerly a Miss Bonner, of LaGrange, Ga.; great-grandson of John T. and Lovie (Casswell) Goldsmith, the former who came from England in 1767, settled in New York, served in the Revolutionary Army, was mustered out in Virginia, married there, and later moved to Georgia, the latter was of Irish ancestry. Mr. Goldsmith was educated in the common schools of Fort Deposit; clerked in a store at that place, 1885-1886 ; engaged in mer cantile business on his own account in Fort Deposit in 1886, in Johnston County, Tex., 1887; clerked in a store in Dallas, Tex., 1887- 1893; engaged in a wholesale produce business, at Dallas, Tex., 1893-1894; returned to Calhoun and studied law, 1894; was admitted to the bar and began to practice law at Hayneville, 1895; was elected probate clerk of Lowndes County, 1896-1898; county solicitor of Lowndes County, 1898-1904; representative in the general as sembly, 1899-1900 and 1903. He is a Democrat and a Baptist. Married: February 25, 1899, at Hayneville, to Ola Seleste, daughter of James Kennedy and Tabitha Hearne (Ed wards) Gordon, of Gordonville, of Scotch de scent, the ancestors on both sides emigrating from Scotland to America prior to the Revo lutionary War, and serving in that war. Resi dence: Hayneville. GOLDTHWAITE, GEORGE, lawyer, chief justice, supreme court of Alabama, U. S. sena tor, was born December 10, 1810, in Boston, Mass., and died March 18, 1879, at Tuscaloosa; son of Thomas and Anne (Wilson) Goldth waite, of Concord, N. H., the latter of whom moved to Boston after the death of her hus band; grandson of Thomas Goldthwaite; great- grandson of John Goldthwaite; great-great- grandson of Samuel Goldthwaite; great-great- great-grandson of Thomas Goldthwaite, born in England, 1610, who came to New England in 1630; brother of Judge Henry Barnes Gold thwaite (q. v.). He entered the Latin school in Boston, in 1818, at the time that Charles Sumner, R. C. Winthrop and George S. Hil- liard were pupils of the school. He was ap pointed to a cadetship at West Point when he was fourteen years old, was a classmate of Lieut-Gen. Polk, while Jefferson Davis, Rob ert E. Lee and J. E. Johnston were members of the school in other classes. After passing his third year at West Point, he left the school and went south to Montgomery, where he read law in the office of his brother Henry Gold thwaite. He was admitted to the bar at the age of eighteen and located at Monticello, Pike County. After several years there, he re turned to Montgomery, where he practiced with increasing reputation until December, 1843, when he was elected to the circuit court bench, over the incumbent, Hon. Abraham Martin. He was re-elected by popular vote in 1850, and held this office until January, 1852, at which time he was elected a justice of the supreme court. By the resignation of Judge Chilton, January, 1836, Judge Goldthwaite be came chief justice. After he had filled that position for thirteen days, he resigned and resumed his practice. When the War of Se cession began, he was placed on the military council of Gov. Moore and appointed by the governor, adjutant-general of the state of Ala bama, a position he held about three years. After the war, he was elected judge of the cir cuit court in 1866, but lost the place by act of congress in 1868, which disqualified him for office. In 1870, he was elected to the senate of the United States from Alabama; served while in congress on the committee on claims and Revolutionary claims; and in 1877, re tired to private life. Married: November 30, 1835, at Washington, D. C, Olivia Price Wallach, born February 10, 1810, in Boston, and died July 13, 1878, in Montgomery; daughter of Moses and Mary (Robbtns) Wallach; sister of Mayor Wallach of Washington, D. C. Children: 1. George, lawyer, b. August 21, 1836, d. October 31, 1893, was graduated from South Carolina college, A. B., 1857, served in C. S. Army first as ad jutant, Sixth Alabama regiment, later as cap tain of cavalry, served for three terms 'as dis trict attorney, Nevada, as judge of the city court at Leadville, Colo., m. May 2, 1870, at Hamilton City, Nev., Lucy Virginia Harmon; 2. Anne, b. October 21, 1837, m. Col. Emmet Seibels; 3. Richard Wallach, lawyer, b. Feb ruary 3, 1839, was lieutenant, then captain, of artillery, Semple's battery, C. S. Army, m. December 14, 1865, at Montgomery, Lucy Boyd Armistead, Dallas, Tex., son, Herbert Armi stead, planter, b. June 4, 1872, draughtsman, U. S. engineering office, 1892-1893, engineering department S. A. & M. R. R., 1890-1892, m. June 28, 1899, at Montgomery, Nannilee Ray, Mitylene; 4. Mary Robbins, b. August 15, 1840, m. Thomas Mann Arrington (q. v.) ; 5. Henry, b. November 3, 1841, an officer in the C. S. Army, a broker of New York City ; 6. Robert, b. September 2, 1844, m. Annie Paul Nesbitt. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. JOHN W. SIBLEY DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 675 GOLDTHWAITE, HENRY BARNES, lawyer, associate justice of the supreme court, was born April 10, 1802, in Concord, N. H, and died October 19, 1847, at Mobile; son of Thomas and Anne (Wilson) Goldthwaite, who lived in Walthamston, near London, England, and later at Concord, N. H.; grandson of Thomas Gold thwaite; great-grandson of John Goldthwaite; great-great-grandson of Samuel Goldthwaite; great-great-great-grandson of Thomas Gold thwaite, who was born in England about 1610, and emigrated to New England about 1630; brother of Hon. George Goldthwaite (q. v.). The ancestral home of the Goldthwaites stands in Yorkshire, England. Hugh de Goldthwaite who lived in the middle of the Fourteenth century, is the first known bearer of the name, which was evolved from the region of their origin, "Goldford in Netherdale." Judge Gold- thwaite's father died early in the life of his son, and his mother, a native of Wales, moved to Boston, where she opened a boarding house to maintain her family. He received a liberal education, and left his home in Boston when quite young, going with his brother, Robert Henry Goldthwaite, to Richmond, Va. He clerked in a drygoods house there for two years; returned to Boston, from which place he sailed soon after for Mobile; was ship wrecked on the voyage, and reached the latter city in 1819. He proceeded on to Montgomery in a flat-boat, a journey of three months' du ration, and was engaged for a short time in the store of his brother, John Goldthwaite, in Montgomery. He read law in the office of Nimrod E. Benson; was admitted to the bar; and began practice in partnership with Gov. Benjamin Fitzpatrick. He edited a paper in Montgomery; in 1825 was elected solicitor; and in 1829 represented Montgomery County in the legislature. Two years later, he went to Mo bile, where he was for some time the partner of Robert G. Gordon. In 1836, he was elected to the bench of the supreme court by the legis lature, without opposition, succeeding Justice Hitchcock. In 1842 he was re-elected. He resigned the next year to become the Demo cratic candidate for congress, and after a bril liant canvass, was defeated by his Whig op ponent, Mr. Dellett of Monroe County. He was re-elected to the supreme court by the legislature, defeating Ex-Gov. Clay, who had been appointed to fill the vacancy. He remained on the bench until his death in 1847, of yellow fever. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Married: April 10, 1839, in Greensboro, Eliza I., daughter of John Ramsey and Sophia (Graham) Witherspoon; granddaughter of Maj.-Gen. Joseph Graham of Mecklenburg County, N. C; sister of Hon. J. M. Witherspoon of Greene County. Children: 1. John Witherspoon, b. February 3, 1840, m. Mary Purvis; 2. Thomas, b. January 11, 1841, died during the War of Secession; 3. Dr. Henry, b. April 3, 1842, m. Grace Tarle ton; 4. Mary Witherspoon, b. December 5, 1843, deceased, m. John Freeland of Rich mond, Va., child, Dr. John, a physician in New York City; 5. Joseph Graham, b. February 6, 1845, m. Ella Willis; 6. George, merchant, b. June 20, 1846, d. December 20, 1889, lieuten ant under Gen. Forrest, C. S. Army, m. 1881, Calvert, Tex., Willie Evylin Faulkner; 7. Al fred, lawyer, b. November 19, 1847, studied and practiced law for twelve years with his uncle, John A. Campbell, justice of the U. S. supreme court, moved to New Orleans, La., where he handled the famous Mrs. Gaines' will case, representing the litigants for ten years, and finally winning the decision in the U. S. su preme court, d. February 27, 1892, in New York. Last residence: Mobile. GOLDTHWAITE, ROBERT, banker, was born September 2, 1844, in Montgomery, and died January 31, 1903, in Montgomery; son of Hon. George and Olivia Price (Wallach) Goldthwaite (q. v.) ; grandson of Thomas and Anne (Wilson) Goldthwaite, and of Moses and Mary (Robbins) Wallach of Boston; seventh in descent from Thomas Goldthwaite, born in England in 1810, who emigrated to New Eng land in 1830. He was at school in Virginia at the outbreak of war in 1861, but promptly laid aside his books and entered the C. S. Army. He enlisted in the Seventh Alabama cavalry regiment, rose to the rank of lieuten ant, and was badly wounded while command ing his company at the battle of Franklin. After the war, he entered upon a business career in Montgomery. In 1870 he embarked upon the banking business as a member of the firm of Holmes and Goldthwaite, which was later merged into the Merchants' and planters' national bank, with W. D. Peck as president. About 1890, Mr. Goldthwaite became president, a position which he held continuously until his death. He was a Democrat; for many years a member of St. John's Episcopal church in Montgomery; a member of the Knights of Honor, the National Union, and of Camp Lo max, United Confederate Veterans. Married: November 9, 1869, Anne Paul, daughter of Edward and Mary Virginia (Scott) Nes bitt, of Montgomery, the former moved to Alabama from South Carolina; granddaughter of Wilson N. Nesbitt, congressman from South Carolina, and one of the first real iron-masters, maker of balls and ammunition for the War of 1812, who married a Miss duVal of Vir ginia, niece of Benjamin duVal, justice of the supreme court of the United States; a de scendant of Thomas Baytop Scott, one of the pioneers of the section around Montgomery, who donated Scott's burial ground, Oakwood cemetery. Children: 1. Mary Virginia, resides in Montgomery, m. Milton Paul LaGrand, de ceased; 2. Robert, jr. (q. v.); 3. Edward Nes bitt, d. in infancy; 4. Ellen Wallach; 5. Olivia Price, m. Allen Taylor Thompson; 6. Richard Scott, m. Elizabeth Sayre Andrews; 7. duVal Radford, attended law school of Harvard Uni versity. Last residence: Montgomery. GOLDTHWAITE, ROBERT, Jr., physician, was born August 29, 1872, at Montgomery; son of Robert and Anne Paul (Nesbitt) Goldthwaite (q. v.) ; grandson of George and Olivia Price (Wallach) Goldthwaite (q. v.), and of Edward and Mary Virginia (Scott) Nesbitt, of Mont gomery. He attended the public schools of 676 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Montgomery, where he received the Peabody medal awarded by Prof. Calloway, for excel lence. He attended the University of the South at Sewanee, and the medical school of the University of Virginia; then entered Belle vue hospital medical college, where he ob tained his degree, M. D., 1892. After his grad uation, he won, by competitive examination, place as interne in Bellevue hospital, and completed the course of his medical education there in 1895. He became assistant city physi cian of Montgomery in 1896; city physician in 1903, and county health officer, 1916. He en listed as a surgeon in the European War, was commissioned captain, and died soon after. He was a Democrat, a member of St. John's Epis copal church. Married: November 10, 1896, at Montgomery, Mary Phelan, daughter of Robert Leonidas and Mary (Phelan) Watt, who lived at Montgomery; granddaughter of James Madison and Theresa (McCreary) Watt, the latter a native of Georgia, and of Judge John D. and Mary Ann (Harris) Phelan, the former whose lineage is traceable to the very ancient Fhailans of Ireland, and who served on the circuit bench and on the supreme court bench at the same time as Judge Goldthwaite, the latter a descendant of the old families of Moore and Harris, of Tennessee and north Alabama, who settled on land grants given them by the king early in the seventeenth cen tury; great-granddaughter of Hugh Watt, of Guilford County, N. C. Children: 1. Mary Theresa; 2. Anne Paul; 3. Robert III; 4. Ellen Phelan. Last residence: Montgomery. GOLLADAY, EDWARD J., lieutenant colonel, 38th, formerly 8th, Looney's Tennessee in fantry; lieutenant colonel 5th, Golladay's, bat talion Alabama infantry, C. S. Army. GOLSON, HOWELL ROSE, lawyer and ed itor, was born January 22, 1857, in Lowndes County, and died September 21, 1916, from in juries received in an automobile accident, on the Montgomery-Wetumpka road; son of John and Lucinda (Knight) Golson of Lowndes County. He received his education in the schools of his native county and read law under Col. Willis Brewer at Hayneville, being ad mitted to the bar in 1890. He located at We tumpka, where he practiced until his death. About 1900 he became proprietor of the "We tumpka Weekly Herald," which publication following his demise is edited by his daughter, Frances Golson. Married: (1) February 13, 1879, to Korrie Goldsmith, (2) October 6, 1887, to Bama Goldsmith, daughters of Rev. A. F. Goldsmith, and sister of R. L. Goldsmith, both of Lowndes County. Children: by the first wife, 1. Frances; 2. John F.; 3. Howell H; by the second wife, 4. Florence; 5. Henry G. Last residence: Wetumpka. GOLSON, L. P., pioneer minister in Autauga County; grandfather of Hon. W. M. Vaughn (q. v.), of Selma. Deceased. GOLSON, WILLIAM, librarian of the Ala bama supreme court, 1872-74. Deceased. Last residence: Prattville. GOOCH, ALBERT GALLATIN, secretary to two governors and clerk Federal district court, was born April 25, 1805, at Aspin Grove, Louisa County, Va., and died January 1, 1858, in Tuscaloosa; son of Thomas and Martha (Tisdale) Gooch, the former a native of King William County, Va., a veteran of the War of 1812; grandson of Stephen and Mary (Pol lard) Gooch, who lived in King William, and belonged to that branch of the family known as the "Lower Virginia" Gooches. The Gooch family, with its three branches in Virginia, was a noble one in Norfolk and Suffolk Coun ties, England. The founder of the line in Virginia was Lieut. Col. Henry Gooch of York County, who located there in 1656, and was sheriff of the county in 1662, a member of the house of burgesses, and an active participant in Bacon's rebellion. His son, William, mar ried Lissula, daughter of the colonial Gov. Claiborne. The city of Staunton, Va., was named for Lady Staunton, wife of Baron Wil liam Gooch, commissioned lieutenant governor of Virginia, by George II. Mr. Gooch was educated in private schools in Louisa Court House, Va. He studied medicine later, but abandoned it on account of ill health. He located in Erie, Greene County, Ala., in 1835, but changed his residence to Tuscaloosa, then the State capital, the following year to accept a place in the office of the clerk of the supreme court. In 1837 he was made private secretary to Gov. Hugh McVay, a position he held for a time under Gov. Arthur P. Bagby. He was then appointed clerk of the federal court for the middle district of Alabama, a lucrative position, particularly in 1841, during the opera tion of the bankrupt law. He was a Whig, a Mason, and an Episcopalian. Married: in Tuscaloosa to Margarette Martha, daughter of Thomas and Mary Jane (Gorman) Barr of Raleigh, N. C, and a sister of John G. Barr, (q. v.). The Gorman and Barr families were from Scotland. Children: 1. Mary, m. Wil liam N. Sandlin, of Arkansas, deceased; 2. Albert, m. Katherine Fox, of Mississippi, and lives in New Orleans; 3. Martha Ann, resi dence, Little Rock, Ark. Last residence: Tus caloosa. GOODE, JOSEPH BRYAN, business man, was born May 11, 1831, at Montgomery, and died February 26, 1906, at Montgomery; son of Judge Samuel Watkins and Frances Phea- son (Douglas) Goode, the former a native of Mecklenburg, Va., who moved when a boy to Edgefield District, S. C, lived in Washington, Wilkes County, Ga., 1790-1795, was a lawyer and a judge of the circuit court, gave up public life in 1830, and moved to Montgomery, Ala.; grandson of Samuel Goode, of Mecklenburg County, Va., who married a Miss Watkins, and of James Douglas of Middlebury, Vt. He was educated in the schools of Montgomery; enlisted in the C. S. Army at the outbreak of the War of Secession, serving for three years with Semple's battery, then was transferred to the treasury department as clerk. Before his marriage he was a member of the Presby- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 677 terian church, but later affiliated with the Methodist church. Married: 1866, Caledonia Edwards, of Lowndes County; daughter of Zachary and Lucy (Ivey) Edwards, who lived in North Carolina. Children: 1. Joseph Bryan, Montgomery; 2. Edwards, m. Sarah Collier, Montgomery; 3. Douglas, m. Martha Collier, sister of Sarah Collier, Montgomery. Last residence: Montgomery. GOODE, MABEL WILEY (HUTTON), pat riotic and civic worker and officer, past presi dent, Alabama federation women's clubs, State regent, Daughters American Revolution, was born March 16, 1866, at Mt. Pleasant, Whiteside County, 111., but has been a resident of Mobile practically all her life; daughter of Col. Wil liam Henry and Maria (Maxfield) Hutton, the former a native of Ohio, of Quaker origin, who was senior surgeon in the public health service of the government, and in charge of all yellow fever epidemics during the period of his serv ice, the latter a native of Bristol, Rhode Island. Her ancestry were of colonial and revolution ary stock. Two of her forbears, John How- land and John Tilley, came over in the May flower. Her education was reecived in the best schools near her father's official stations, and she graduated, June, 1885, from Hampton col lege, Louisville, Ky. Mrs. Goode early evinced executive power and has held the position of State president, Alabama federation women's clubs; vice-president and manager of the So ciety of Colonial Dames; State regent and vice- president general, National Society Daughters of the American Revolution; county chairman, National League for Women's Service; organ izer of the Mobile County chapter, American Red Cross, during the European War, and the first woman to volunteer for service in the Gulf division, doing all time service during the entire period of the war; chairman for Mobile County for all liberty loans, and county chair man, Woman's committee of the Council of National Defense. She is a Presbyterian. Married: October 28, 1886, to Dr. Rhett Goode (q. v.). Children: 1. Mabel Rhett, m. May 8, 1919, to Major Randolph Coyle, U. S. marine corps, and this couple are the parents of a son, Randolph Coyle, IV. Residence: Mobile. GOODE, RHETT, physician, was born De cember 5, 1852, in Mobile, and died at the same place, December 22, 1911; son of Garland and Frances (Burns) Goode, the former a native of South Carolina, emigrated to Conecuh County, and prior to 1840 located in Mobile, a major in the Florida wars, a man of large means, who contributed much to the Confed erate cause; grandson of Philip and Carolina (Williams) Goode. He was a descendant of John Goode, who emigrated from England and settled an estate which he called "Whitby," near Richmond, where he died in 1709. Dr. Goode received his elementary education at home un der a governess; afterwards entered Spring Hill college, which he left before graduating; and in 1871 graduated from the medical de partment of the University of Alabama; and entered immediately upon practice of his pro fession in Mobile. He was assistant instructor of anatomy in his alma mater from the time of his graduation, until 1885, when he became in structor; in 1891 was elected professor of anatomy and clinical surgery which position he held at the time of his death; in 1906, on the death of Dr. George A. Ketchum, he was elected dean by the faculty; and in the spring of 1907 when the college by act of the legis lature, became the medical department of the University of Alabama, the trustees confirmed his position as dean. During the forty years of his practice in Mobile he was councilman, alderman, mayor pro tem, health officer, county physician, and president of the quarantine board of Mobile Bay. He was a member of the Medical association of Alabama and one of its board of counsellors; of the American medical association; and of the Association of South ern railway surgeons. He was chief surgeon of the Mobile and Ohio railway company, the Southern railway in Mississippi, and the Mobile, Jackson and Kansas City railway com pany. He was a Democrat; Baptist; and a Mason. In the yellow fever epidemic of 1882, he worked night and day as one of the phy sicians of the "Can't-get-away-club," a local or ganization that took care of all yellow fever pa tients, who were without a regular physician or unable to provide for themselves. In every epidemic since the time he began the practice of medicine, he took a prominent part in the ex termination of disease. Dr. Goode was the auth or of a number of papers on medical and sur gical subjects which have been published in pamphlet form, and in the medical journals. Married: October 28, 1886, Mabel Wiley (q. v.), daughter of William H. H. and Maria (Max- field) Hutton, the former a surgeon in the U. S. marine hospital service. Children: 1. Mabel Rhett, m. Maj. Randolph Coyle, U. S. Marine Corps, Washington, D. C. Last resi dence : Mobile. GOODE, ROBERT JAMES, business man and legislator, was born August 2, 1888, at Prairie, Wilcox County; son of Robert James and Annie L. (Gaston) Goode; grandson of Robert L. and Viola H. (Mathews) Goode of Camden, and of David F. and Mary (Fluker) Gaston, of Gastonburg. The Goode family originally came from Henrico County, Va. He was educated in the schools of Gastonburg; graduated A. B. and B. S. from Marion institute; and later took a course at the University of Pennsylvania. He is at this time engaged in farming, breeding stock and the insurance business. He repre sented Wilcox County in the legislature of 1915. He is a Democrat and a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon college fraternity. Married: April 24, 1912, at Mobile, to Grace Edwards, daughter of Joseph H. and Mary (Chapman) Pugh, of McKinley. Children: Robert James, III. Residence: Gastonburg. GOODE, THOMAS, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Jeffer son County; private Virginia Continental Line; enrolled on September 22, 1819, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818, payment to date 678 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY from April 15, 1818; annual allowance, $96: sums received to date of publication of list, $896.70; transferred from Christian County, Ky., from March 23, 1826. — Revolutionary Pen sion Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. GOODGAME, JOHN CHAPMAN, lieutenant colonel C. S. Army, was born September 18, 1835, at Fayetteville, Talladega County, and died June 8, 1876, in Texas; son of Robert Crockett and Letitia (Chapman) Goodgame, the former a native of Coweta County, Ga., who located at Crewsville, Coosa County; grandson of John C. and Sarah (Crockett) Goodgame, the former a native of Augusta, Ga., and the latter the sister of David Crockett, and of John Allen and Rachael (Cunningham) Chapman, the former a native of North Carolina, a vet eran of the War of 1812, the latter a native of Ireland, who after their marriage in Lex ington, N. C, located in Tennessee, but re moved to Soccapato, Coosa County, Ala., where both are buried. Colonel Goodgame received his education from Dr. John N. Staughter at Soccapato; became a teacher; and afterward was sheriff and tax-collector of Henderson Coun ty, Tex. He entered the C. S. Army as orderly sergeant of Co. B., 12th Alabama infantry regiment, June, 1861, and was promoted in a short time to major, then lieutenant colonel. He was a Democrat and a Mason. Married: September 16, 1858, at Soccapato, to Elverena, daughter of Ethelred and Malinda (McKinney) Thomas, both of whom were natives of Geor gia, the former from Talbotton. Children: 1. Arminta, deceased; 2. Jennie, deceased. Last residence: Texas. GOODHUE, A. B., clerk of the Alabama State Baptist convention, 1854-78, inclusive. GOODWIN, EDWARD PENN, probate judge, . was born December 19, 1869, at Fayette; son of Thomas Edward and Lucinda Jane (Lind sey) Goodwin, who lived at Fayette, the former a native of Cumberland County, N. C, who entered the Tenth Alabama regiment of cav alry, C. S. army, September 12, 1864, and was paroled at Tuscaloosa, April, 1865, was sheriff of Fayette County, 1884-1888, was clerk of the circuit court, 1890-1896, was judge of probate for Fayette County, from 1898 until his death, April 4, 1908; grandson of Simpson P. and Betsey (Green) Goodwin, and of Levi and Delitha (Duglass) Lindsey, all of whom lived at Fayette. He received a common school education and attended business college at Lexington, Ky, receiving a diploma in 1889. He served as cashier of the Fayette County bank, 1900-1908; was a member of the board of aldermen of Fayette, 1900-1904; was ap pointed probate judge for Fayette County, June 30, 1908; and was nominated and elected pro bate judge in 1910 for a term of six years. He is a Democrat; is deacon and treasurer of the Missionary Baptist church; is past Master of Masonry, and a Royal Arch Mason; past grand Independent Order of Odd Fellows; past sachem, Improved Order of Red Men, and past chancellor, Knights of Pythias. Married: May 20, 1893, at Fayette, Wilma Cora Morton, daugh ter of Judge Thomas Benton and Docia Mor ton, who lived at Fayette. Children: 1. Lillian; 2. Mary; 3. Cathleen; 4. Edward Penn, jr.; 5. Janie Will; 6. Thomas Joseph. Residence: Fayette. GOODWIN, THEOPHILUS, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Butler County; private N. C. Continental Line; enrolled on September 18, 1818, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818; payment to date from June 5, 1818, annual allowance $96.00; sums received to date of publication of list, $1,511.46; transferred from Edgefield Dis trict, S. C, from September 4, 1828. — Revolu tionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. Also resided in Bibb County.— Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. GOODWYN, ALBERT TAYLOR, planter and representative in congress, was born December 17, 1842, at Robinson Springs, then Autauga, now Elmore County; son of Dr. Albert Gallatin and Harriet (Bibb) Goodwyn, the former bora in 1807 at Columbia, S. C, was a graduate of the South Carolina college, and of Jefferson medical college at Philadelphia, removed to Ala bama, lived at Robinson Springs where he prac ticed his profession and engaged in planting until his death, the latter born in 1814, in Ab beville District, S. C; grandson of John and Sarah (Taylor) Goodwyn, who lived in Rich land District, S. C, the former a lieutenant in the Revolutionary War, and of Rev. Peyton and Martha (Cobb) Bibb, who lived at Robinson Springs, the former a minister in the Metho dist Protestant church and a planter, brother of Governors W. W. Bibb (q. v.) and Thomas Bibb (q. v.); great-grandson of Capt. William and Sallie (Wyatt) Bibb, the former a Virginia captain in the Revolutionary War, the latter related to colonial Gov. Francis Wyatt, of Vir ginia, and Sir Thomas Wyatt, of English his tory, and of Judge Thomas Cobb, of Columbia County, Ga. Capt. Goodwyn received his early education at Robinson Springs and vicinity; 1859-61 he attended South Carolina college; and in 1866-67 was a student at the University of Virginia, graduating in the school of moral philosophy. He has been a life long planter. He was state inspector of convicts, 1876-80; representative from Elmore County in the legis lature, 1886-87; State senator from district com posed of Elmore, Chilton and Shelby Coun ties, 1892-96; member of the fifty-fourth con gress, 1895-97; was a clerk in the department of agriculture and industries; served as chair man of various school boards; as trustee of the Fifth district agricultural school at Wetumpka, and of the Confederate soldiers home at Moun tain Creek. In the War of Secession he was a member of the South Carolina college cadets, and was at the bombardment of Fort Sumter; was a private in Capt. Breedlove's company, 45th Alabama infantry regiment; transferred to the 58th Alabama infantry regiment in which he served as a lieutenant; was in the battles of DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 679 Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, and Mission ary Ridge; captured in the last named engage ment, and while a prisoner at Johnson's Island, was, in 1865, promoted to the captaincy of his company. He is a Democrat, but for some years affiliated with the Populists; and a Mason. Married: December 22, 1869, at Montgomery, to Priscilla Cooper, daughter of Robert and Pris cilla (Cooper) Tyler (q. v.). Children: 1. Rob ert Tyler (q. v.), m. Jessie Lancaster; 2. Adele, m. John D. McNeel (q. v.) ; 3. Albert Galla tin, Montgomery, m. Charlie Lane; 4. Gard ner Foster, lawyer, m. Lora Williams, resides in Bessemer; 5. Priscilla Goodwyn, m. Frank Hastings Griffin, residence, Philadelphia, Pa. Residence: Robinson Springs. GOODWYN, ROBERT TYLER, lawyer and registrar Federal land bank, was born Novem ber 4, 1870, in Montgomery; son of Albert Taylor and Priscilla (Tyler) Goodwyn (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Mont gomery, McCabe's school, Petersburg, Va., and graduated, 1891, from the University of Ala bama with the A. B. degree. He read law pri vately and entered upon the practice in 1899; was circuit clerk of Elmore County, 1892-98; mayor of Highland park, Montgomery, 1902-04; member Alabama legislature, 1902-07; chair man Democratic State executive committee, 1910-15; inspector of rifles on the staff of Col. Hampton Graves, 2nd infantry regiment, A. N. G., with rank of captain, 1901-04; captain of Troop A., 1st cavalry regiment, A. N. G., 1904- 06; president of the Alumni society of the Uni versity of Alabama, 1911-12. Upon the passage of the farm loan banking law by congress dur ing President Wilson's administration, he was appointed registrar for the region of which New Orleans is the center. He is an Episco palian; Elk; Woodman of the World; Red Man; Eagle; and Odd Fellow. Married: No vember 24, 1895, in Wetumpka, to Jessie Dora, daughter of Judge John Austin and Fran ces Aldora (Lett) Lancaster (q. v.) ; grand daughter of Hon. William G. Lancaster and of Robert Pinckney Lett. Children: 1. Aldora Elizabeth; 2. Priscilla Cooper; 3. Robert Tyler, jr.; 4. William Bibb; 5. John Lancaster; 6. Louise Tyson; 7. Albert Taylor. Residence: Montgomery. GORDON, ALEXANDER C, planter and merchant, was born in 1811, in Washington County, Ga. His father died in the military service a year or two later, and in 1817, he went with his uncle, James Hughes, across the Chattahoochee, to what is now Henry County. When he was eleven years old, he and a younger half-brother were abducted by Indians, and carried off to their towns on the Apala chicola, where they were found and rescued four or five months later. He became a mer chant and planter; was an officer in the War of 1836; led the first company from Henry County into the Confederate service, and was a captain in the Sixth Alabama infantry regi ment during the first year of the War of Seces sion. He was also commander of a militia battalion which operated against Sanders and his band in Dale and Henry Counties. He represented Henry County in the State legis lature, and served as general of militia. Mar ried: Miss Hudspeth. Last residence: Henry County. GORDON, AUGUSTUS M., major and later lieutenant colonel, 6th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army. GORDON, EUGENE O, major, 25th battalion Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army. GORDON, FRANCIS, pioneer planter, was born at Spring Hill, Maury County, Tenn., Janu ary 4, 1795, and died while on a return visit there, in 1868; son of Samuel and Rachel (Herron) Gordon, the former a native of Wood ford County, Tenn., who moved to Maury County, served with the Tennessee troops in the War of 1812, removed to St. Clair County, near Ragland, on Trout Creek, where he lived until his death; grandson of Samuel and Rachel Gordon, the former a native of Scotland, who emigrated to America, about 1750, who lived in East Tennessee and Kentucky and is buried at Brick Church, Tenn. Francis Gordon served in the Creek Indian War and in the War of 1813- 14 as a private in Capt. Archibald McKinney's company of cavalry, Col. Robert H. Dyer's regi ment, Tennessee volunteers, and in Capt. Glenn Owen's of the same regiment. It is a tradition that they were with Gen. Andrew Jackson in his Alabama campaigns and in the battle of New Orleans. He removed to Alabama, located in Lowndes County, founded the village of Gordonville, and was a planter. The family connections are large, represented principally in Alabama and Tennessee. Married: Septem ber 24, 1817, to Elizabeth Wells, daughter of James and Sallie (Wells) Caperton, of Spring Hill, Tenn., the former a native of Kentucky; granddaughter of Hugh Caperton; great-grand daughter of John Caperton, a native of Wales, who emigrated to America and settled on New River, Va., in 1757. Children: 1. Sarah Ann, m. (1) Malachi Johnston; (2) John G. Brown; 2. Jane Rachel, m. Joseph Sidney Reese; 3. Susan, m. William Browning Haralson; (q. v.) 4. Mary Elizabeth, m. J. Monroe Cole; 5. Eliza, d. unmarried; 6. Frances, m. John Dudley; 7. Cassandra Boone, m. Alfred Edwards; 8. Thomas Niles, m. Tabitha Edwards; 9. Lucy Cain, m. James H. Hardy; 10. Matilda Asceneth, m. B. R. Hall; 11. David, student at Howard college, Marion; mustered in with Hayneville guards, Co. E, 6th Alabama infantry regiment, later Co. M, C. S. Army, and died from wounds received at battle of Seven Pines; 12. Tennes see, d. unmarried; 13. Alabama, m. Dr. Hugh William Caffey, (q. v.). Last residence: Gor- donsville. GORDON, JAMES C, major and later lieu tenant colonel, 1st Confederate infantry regi ment, C. S. Army. GORDON, OSCAR MANIGAULT, business man and legislator, was born November 15, 1863, at Forestville, Marion County, S. O; son of Alfred B. and Addella Josephine (Hinds) Gordon, the former was a native of Indian- 680 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY town, Williamsburg County, S. C, and a Con federate soldier, serving in the Western cam paign under General Bragg; grandson of Roger and Hanna (Fleming) Gordon, and of Herbert and Leonora Hinds; great-grandson of Roger and Rectina Jane (Pressby) Gordon, the former was a Revolutionary soldier losing his life on Snow's Island, S. C, while serving under Gen. Francis Marion in 1781, and of Orison and Catherine Knight (Dewitt) Hinds; great-great- grandson of Roger and Sarah Maria (Stewart) Gordon. The Pressby family migrated from the north of Ireland to South Carolina about 1730. The Dewitts were French Huguenots from Charleston, S. C, while the Hinds family lived at Society Hill, S. C. He was educated in the public schools of Alabama. He was reared on the farm; is now engaged in agriculture and naval stores; and is a director in the Bank of Brewton. He represented Escambia County in the legislature of 1915. He is a Democrat; Mason; Baptist; Odd Fellow; Elk; and a mem ber of the United commercial travelers. Mar ried: December 18, 1907, at Andalusia, to Amme Lewis, daughter of Lewis H. and Katurah (Copeland) Jeter, of Troy and Andalusia. The Jeters were formerly of Virginia. The Cope- lands removed from Georgia to Brundidge about fifty years ago. Children: 1. Oscar Mani- gault, jr. Residence: Brewton. GORDY, ELIJAH HUMPHRIES, planter and public official, was born at St. Stephens, and died July 14, 1885; son of Elijah, sr., and Tabitha (Melson) Gordy, of St. Stephens. He was educated in the institutions of his com munity, and was a student at the University of Alabama, 1832; engaged in farming; was receiver and register in the U. S. Land office; represented his county in the legislature, 1853; sheriff of Washington County, 1857-60; 1874-80, probate judge; and was clerk of the circuit court. He was a Democrat. Married: Sep tember 11, 1845, at St. Stephens, to Caroline M. Baker. Last residence: St. Stephens. GORGAS, AMELIA ROSS (GAYLE), librar ian, was born June 1, 1826, at Greensboro, and died January 3, 1913, at University; daughter of Gov. John and Sarah Ann (Haynsworth) Gayle (q. v.). She was educated by governesses and at Columbia female institute, Columbia, Tenn., graduating in 1842, with highest honors. She spent four years of her girlhood in Tuscaloosa while her father was governor of the State, afterwards removed to Mobile where she grew to womanhood and spent the years of her father's term in congress in Washington. While in Washington she enjoyed the unusual privilege of association with the celebrities of the time. Among her most prominent friends was John C. Calhoun who entertained for her a most paternal affection. She was frequently a visitor at the White House and was through the courtesy of Mr. Cal houn, one of the two women on the plat form during the laying of the cornerstone of the Washington monument. After her marriage to General Gorgas she accompanied him to the numerous places where he was stationed as a U. S. army officer. During the War of Seces sion she made her home in Richmond, Va., and after the war they removed to Briarfield. The next ten years were spent in Sewanee, Tenn., where she was noted for her hospitality, and in 1878 they came to Tuscaloosa upon the ap pointment of General Gorgas as president of the University. Mrs. Gorgas later assisted him in his duties as librarian and in 1883, at his death, she succeeded him. She held this posi tion until 1906 when she was granted a retiring allowance by the Carnegie foundation. It was in this position her greatest influence was felt. Her life's history was woven into the history of the University. She was a mother to all youth and the young men and young women in the two great seats of learning looked to her for wise counsel, and looked not in vain. She was called the "angel of the campus" by the Alabama cadets, and upon her retirement from active work was presented a loving cup by the alumni. Married: December 29, 1853, at Mo bile, to General Josiah Gorgas (q. v.). Child ren: 1. William Crawford (q. v.); 2. Jessie, University; 3. Mary Gayle, University; 4. Christine, m. George De Clonet Palfrey, Frank lin, La.; 5. Maria Bayne, University; 6. Rich ard Haynsworth, Washington, D. C. Last resi dence : University. GORGAS, JOSIAH, college president, captain in old U. S. Army, Mexican War soldier, and brigadier-general, C. S. Army, was born July 1, 1818, near Elizabethtown, Lancaster County, Pa., and died May 15, 1883, at the University of Alabama; son of Joseph and Sophia (Atkin son) Gorgas, the former a native of Ephrata, Lancaster County, Pa.; grandson of Jacob and Christena (Mack) Gorgas, of Ephrata, Pa., and of Thomas and Salome (Widener) Atkinson, the former a second lieutenant dur ing the Revolutionary War, whose grandfather, Stephen Atkinson, a descendant of Sir Fran ces Atkinson, was a Scotch-Irish Englishman who came in his youth to this country with William Penn; great-grandson of John and Sophia (Rittenhouse) Gorgas, the latter a granddaughter of William Rittenhouse who owned the first paper mill built in the colo nies, it being located at Germantown, Pa. The Gorgas and Rittenhouse families were re lated and came to America from Holland in 1684 although originally from Spain. The Rit tenhouse family is descended from the house of Hapsburg. General Gorgas served as a cadet at the United States military academy from July 1, 1837, to July 1, 1841, was graduated and appointed second lieutenant of ordnance, U. S. Army, on July 1, 1841. He served as assistant ordnance officer at Watervliet arsenal, New York, and Detroit arsenal, Michigan, from 1841-46; was in the war with Mexico, 1846-48; promoted first lieutenant of ordnance, March 3, 1847; engaged in the siege of Vera Cruz, March 9-29, 1847, and was in charge of the ordnance depot at that place. He was again ordnance officer, Watervliet arsenal, New York, 1848-51; at Alleghany arsenal, Pennsylvania, in 1851; Fort Monroe, Virginia, 1851; Mt. Ver non arsenal, 1853-56; promoted captain of ordnance, July 1, 1855; in command of Kenne bec arsenal, Maine, 1856-58; Charleston arse- JOHN A. LANCASTER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 683 nal, South Carolina, 1858-60; and Frankford arsenal, Pennsylvania, 1860-61. At the begin ning of the War of Secession, April 3, 1861, he resigned his position in the United States Army and removed with his family to Alabama. He was appointed lieutenant-colonel of artillery, C. S. Army, April 8, 1861, to rank from March 16, 1861; acting chief of engineer bureau, April 8, 1861, to August 3, 1861; promoted to tem porary rank of colonel of artillery, May 3, 1862, and to brigadier-general, November 19, 1864, to rank from November 10, 1864. On April 8, 1861, he was assigned as chief of bureau of ordnance, Richmond, Va.; and served in this position until the close of the war. Shortly afterwards he was made superintend ent of the Briarfield iron works. In 1870, he was elected vice-chancellor of the University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., and in 1878 ac cepted the presidency of the University of Alabama. In February, 1879, his health sud denly gave way and he offered his resignation in June of that year. The board of trustees declined to accept it and adjourned to meet in September. At this meeting General Gorgas again tendered his resignation. It was re luctantly accepted and he was elected librarian, and with his wife had charge of the library until 1882, when he retired from office. Mar ried: December 29, 1853, at Mobile, to Amelia Ross (q. v.), daughter of John and Sarah Ann (Haynsworth) Gayle (q. v.). Children: 1. William Crawford (q. v.) ; 2. Jessie, Univer sity; 3. Mary Gayle, University; 4. Christine, m. George De Clonet Palfrey, Franklin, La.; 5. Maria Bayne, University; 6. Richard Hayns worth, Washington, D. C. Last residence: Uni versity. GORGAS, WILLIAM CRAWFORD, surgeon general, U. S. Army, was born October 3, 1854, in Mobile, died July 4, 1920, in London, Eng land, and is buried at Arlington; son of General Josiah Gorgas (q. v.) and Amelia Ross (Gayle) Gorgas (q. v.). He received his early education in private schools near Greensboro and the public schools of New Orleans, La. He at tended the University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., receiving the A. B. degree, in 1875, grad uated from Bellevue hospital medical college, New York university, with the M. D. degree, in 1879, and served as interne at Bellevue hospital from 1878-80. He received the hon orary degree of Sc. D. from the University of Pennsylvania, 1903, University of the South, 1904, Harvard university, 1908, Brown univer sity, 1909, Jefferson medical college, 1909, and the honorary degree of LL. D. from the Univer sity of Alabama, 1910, and Tulane university, 1911. After completing his medical education he served as physician in the male insane hos pital, Blackwell's Island, N. Y. City, 1877, in sane hospital, Uarts Island, N. Y., 1880, and entered the U. S. Army as assistant surgeon, June 16, 1880, with the rank of first lieutenant; assistant surgeon with the rank of captain, June 16, 1885; brigade surgeon of volunteers with rank of major, June 4-July 6, 1898; major, medical corps, July 6, 1898; chief sanitary offi cer of Havana and in charge of sanitary work there, 1898-1902; colonel, medical corps, by Vol. Ill— 44 special act of congress, March 3, 1903; sur geon general with rank of brigadier general, January 16, 1914; major general, surgeon gen eral, March 4, 1915, and retired December 1, 1918, when he became director of yellow fever research worn, Rockefeller foundation, and permanent director of the International health board. General Gorgas made his reputation by directly applying Major Walter Reed's discovery to the prevention of yellow fever. In 1901 he began to screen yellow fever patients and to destroy the mosquito carriers by the simple process of oiling the surfaces of all pools or collections of water. In less than three months he had freed Havana of the dread scourge for the first time in one hundred and fifty years. When the United States government took charge of the canal zone in 1904, a yellow fever epidemic was raging there and General Gorgas was put in command. In less than a year's time the disease had been completely stamped out and there has not been a single case since May, 1906. He accepted the invitation of the chamber of mines of Johannesburg, in 1913, and went to South Africa for the purpose of investigating the high death rate from pneu monia among the natives working in the mines at Rand and after a survey and study on the spot recommended many changes which had ma terial effect in lowering the death rate. During the summer and fall of 1916 he spent several months in South America in making a prelimi nary survey for the Rockefeller foundation of localities still infested with yellow fever. In 1919 he was occupied with yellow fever inves tigation at Guayaquil. He had started on an expedition of exploring the African foci when overtaken by death in London. He received the Mary Kingsley medal from Liverpool school of tropical medicine, May 27, 1907, and gold medal from the American museum of safety, 1914. He was an honorary fellow, New York academy of medicine, 1908; associate fellow, College of physicians and surgeons, Philadel phia; associate member, Society de Pathologic otolique, Paris, 1908; president, American medi cal association, 1908-09; and of the American society of tropical medicine, 1910; member, American public health association; Association of military surgeons; U. S. delegate, First Pan- American medical congress, Santiago, Chile, 1908; honorary member, Association of Ameri can physicians. He was awarded the dis tinguished service medal, 1918; commander, French legion of honor, 1919; grand officer, Order of the crown of Italy, 1918. Married: September 15, 1885, at Cincinnati, Ohio, to Marie Cook, daughter of William and Martha (Guthrie) Doughty, of that place. Children: 1. Aileen Tyster. Last residence: Washington. GORMAN, JOHN T., accountant, lawyer and postmaster, was born January 31, 1859, at La Grange, Troup County, Ga.; son of Thomas E. and Annie M. (Westmoreland) Gorman. He was educated at the common schools, and was for one term a student at the Agricultural and mechanical college, Auburn. He began the practice of law in Opelika, 1896; was a notary public and ex-officio justice of the peace for eleven years; alderman of Opelika, four years, 684 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY postmaster at Opelika, 1903-1907; and examiner of public accounts, 1901-1907. He is a Demo crat. Unmarried. Residence: Mobile. GOSSE, PHILIP HENRY, English naturalist; was born April 6, 1810, at Worcester, and died August 23, 1888, at St. Marychurch; son of Thomas Gosse, born 1765, died 1844, a minia ture painter of skill and persistence, but un successful financially. He taught a rural school near Pleasant Hill, Dallas County, from May 21 to December 24, 1838, and his observations are embodied in a little volume "Letters from Ala bama," published in England, 1859. Mr. Gosse, while living at the home of Buddy Bohannon, sixteen miles southeast of Selma, wrote letters to the "Home Friend," a magazine in England, which were later issued in the volume above referred to. After his return to his native country, he engaged in literary pursuits and taught for a time. Married: (1) in 1848, to Emily Bowes, daughter of William and Hannah Bowes of Boston, U. S. A., who died in 1857; (2) in 1860, to Eliza Brightwen, of Saffron, Walden, England, who survived him. Children, by first marriage: 1. Edmund. Last residence: St. Marychurch, Eng. GOULD, JAMES, grand treasurer, grand lodge of Masons, 1836. GOULD, JOHN McKEE, farmer, civil engi neer, chief deputy, U. S. marshal, and captain, C. S. Army, was born April 3, 1831, in Boligee, Greene County; son of William Proctor and Eliza Williams (Cbotard) Gould (q. v.). He was educated at the University of Alabama, graduating in 1850, and in Virginia. In Sep tember, 1861, he enlisted in the Confederate service in Montgomery, in Company E, 20th Alabama infantry regiment, commanded by Col. Isham W. Garrott, and was elected first lieu tenant, and promoted captain in September, 1862. In February, 1862, his regiment was sent to Knoxville, Tenn., and in 1863, it participated in the Kentucky campaign under Gen. Kirby Smith. His regiment was distinguished for valor at the battle of Port Gibson. May 1, 1863, and he was mentioned in the official re ports for the fearless performance of duty. He served under Gen. Stephen D. Lee at Baker's Creek, and during the siege of Vicksburg. Later he was detailed on staff duty and .ap pointed inspector-general of General Pettus' brigade, consisting of 20th, 23rd, 30th, 31st. and 46th, Alabama infantry regiments, Steven son's division, Hood's corps, Army of Tennes see. In this capacity he served at the battles of Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, and all the engagements of the Georgia campaign, from Dalton to Jonesboro, including Rocky Face, Resaca, where he was wounded, Kenesaw Mountain, the fights about Atlanta and the battle of Jonesboro. Later he took part in Hood's campaign in Tennessee, where on the night before the attack on Franklin he was severely wounded, losing the sight of his left eye, which incapacitated him early in 1865, when he rejoined the army at Hamburg, S. C. He served for a time on the staffs of Generals Shelley and Anderson; later he rejoined his brigade at Smithfield and was on duty until the surrender of Salisbury. At the close of the war he resumed his occupation as a farmer. He was assistant superintendent of the Alabama and Chattanooga railroad, 1871-72; assistant- engineer in the improvement of the Black War rior and Tombigbee Rivera, 1878-89; and chief deputy United States marshal for the northern district of Alabama, 1893-97. Married: April 6, 1854, in Greene County, to Delia Francis Thornton. Last residence: Boligee. GOULD, WILLIAM, manufacturer, was born November 5, 1830, in Scotland; son of James and Jeanette (Smith) Gould. He went to school in his native town until he was ten years old; went to work in the mines at Sankertown, and later at Verterville, Scotland, working in those places for almost twelve years; sailed from Scotland, September 4, 1852, for America; spent six months in the coal region of Pennsyl vania; started for the South, stopping on the way in Clinton County, Pa., where he worked eight months; worked in the Swanton seam of coal in Maryland; went to Virginia where he obtained a contract to deliver two thousand tons of coal, and after filling the contract, re turned to the Swanton mines in Maryland. In October, 1854, he came to Alabama, locating at Tuscaloosa, and soon after his arrival leased the coal mines about ten miles from the town. He made the first coke ever made in Alabama at those mines, in 1855. He went to Montevallo, May, 1855; opened and worked the Alabama' mines at that point for two years; moved to St. Clair County, 1857, and took a contract from John M. Sims, of Talladega, to deliver ten thousand tons of coal, to be used for black- smithing and household purposes; was engaged there for three years, then formed a copartner ship with Mr. Sims and opened the Ragland mines, on Trout Creek; stopped work at the mines in the first year of the war, selling out his interest to Sims & Ragland in 1863; in the same year, sunk a shaft in the same place, and opened a slope four hundred feet deep; had three thousand tons of mined coal burned by Wilson's raiders in 1865; and in April, 1866, sold out his interest in seventeen hundred acres of the contiguous lands. From that point, he went to Selma and entered the brokerage busi ness, after some months was deprived by a commercial crash of everything he owned ex cept a small body of coal land in Shelby County, near Brock's Gap. He developed that property, and engaged in selling coke and coal in various parts of Alabama, 1867-1871; prospected for a year and a half, and struck the Pratt vein of coal; traced the vein from a point near Wheel ing, to Village Creek; prospected for another brief period; opened the mines at Morris Sta tion, on the Louisville & Nashville railroad, and the Jefferson mines, nearby; prospected for the Black Creek seam, on the land owned by Mr. Blake, and succeeded in finding it; re turned in 1877, to the Pratt mines, and in part nership with H. T. Beggs, of Birmingham, be gan operations there. He had bought a small tract of land near Slope No. 1, and on hearing of his purpose to open the mines, the Eureka iron company expressed willingness to build DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 685 a railroad. At this juncture, the Pratt coal & coke company bought up all the land around Mr. Gould's property, and as he lacked the financial ability to compete with the corpora tion, he was forced to sell out to the company. He next became interested in iron-ore lands in Franklin County, and in 1886, disposed of his interests advantageously. Married. Last resi dence: Clements. GOULD, WILLIAM PROCTOR, public official, was born October 9, 1793, at Salem, Mass., and died October 7, 1867, at Boligee; son of Solomon and Eliza (Proctor) Gould, who lived in Salem, Mass.; grandson of Solomon Gould. His an cestors came from Wales about the close of the Revolutionary War. He was educated in the common schools of Salem, Mass., and com menced life as a clerk in that city. Some time later, he went to Bordeaux, France, where he remained four years, spending two years in the employ of a commission house, and two years in the office of the American consul. He re turned to the United States, served as clerk in the fourth auditor's office at Washington, D. C, for two years, and as agent for the Choctaw Indians for two years. He became postmaster at Tuscaloosa in 1822, and was made register of the land office at the same time. After the passage of the bill prohibiting any person from holding two Federal offices at the same time, he gave up the position of postmaster. He was appointed by Gov. Fitzpatrick one of the com missioners to wind up the Alabama State bank and its different branches. How he performed this trust is a matter of history. He left Tusca loosa in 1827 and went to Louisiana to wind up the estate of James William, his wife's uncle, having been made executor of the estate by the will. He moved to Greene County in 1829 to a small tract of land given him by Col. McKee; remained on this tract, adding largely to it, for the rest of his life. He was a Whig and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: April 23, 1823, at New Orleans, Eliza William Chotard, daughter of John Charles and Sarah Williams Chotard, who lived at Washington, Wilkes County, Ga. Her father was a Frenchman, who was left a widow er with two children by the death of his first wife; was living in San Domingo at the time of the negro insurrection, and escaped to America; his son by his first marriage, Maj. Henry Cho tard, served in Gen. Jackson's Indian cam paigns, and was on Jackson's staff at the battle of New Orleans. Complimentary mention of Maj. Henry Chotard in connection with his ability in bringing off the artillery the night the English landed is made by Parten in his life of Jackson. Her mother was a native of Greenville, S. C, and was married when very young to Col. Henry Willis of Virginia; was left a widow with two children when she was twenty years old, and was married to Mr. Chotard in Greenville, S. C. Children: 1. Sarah Williams, b. June 11, 1824, m. (1) Sam uel N. Gundey, (2) January 18, 1870, Col. James Innes Thornton; 2. Eliza Proctor, b. August 23, 1825, m. Horace Harding, left two children; 3. John McKee, b. April 3, 1831, was first lieutenant and captain, Twentieth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, civil engineer, 1851-1854, 1871-1872, chief deputy U. S. marshal, Northern district of Alabama, 1893-1897, m. April 6, 1854, in Greene County, Delia Frances Thornton, daughter of Col. James Innes and Anna Amelia Thornton, five children, Mrs. Delia T. Means, postmistress at Boligee, Mrs. E. F. Bouchelle, Mrs. H. T. Bouchelle, J. M. McKee, jr., William P., cashier of the Milner & Kittig Company, Birmingham, and twenty-six grandchildren. Last residence: Boligee. GRACE, BAYLIS EARLE, circuit clerk and sheriff, was born November 12, 1808, in Green ville District, S. C, and became an orphan at an early age; grandson of Joseph and Catherine Elizabeth Grace, the former a Revolutionary soldier who was killed in the battle of Eutaw Springs and his wife set fire to her own house rather than allow it to shelter the enemy. In 1827 Mr. Grace was taken into the office of Harrison W. Goyne, circuit clerk at Elyton, as his assistant and at the end of the term he was elected to the office defeating Hugh M. Caruthers. In 1835 and 1839 he was re-elected but resigned before the expiration of his term. He removed to the country at Grace's Gap, the point in Red Mountain where the Louisville and Nashville railroad cuts through. In 1844 he was elected sheriff of Jefferson County. He was appointed by Judge Forrest to make the sectional assessments of Jefferson County after the law required that divi sion. In 1859 he was appointed general administrator and guardian for that county and held that office until 1863. He was among the first to realize the value of the min eral deposits of Red Mountain, and had the first iron ever made from the local ore smel- tered and hammered into iron ore, the work being done in New Smith's puddling furnace in Bibb County. After this test he made the first sale of Birmingham district iron ore for manufacturing purposes. He was an expert rifleman, a poet and flutist. He was one of the first newspaper men of Jefferson County, edi tor of "Central Alabamian," successor to the "Jones Valley times," the first paper published in the county, a copy of which is to be found in the archives of the Tennessee historical so ciety. Married: (1) to Jane Mitchell; (2) to Ann Eliza, daughter of John Cantley, a mem ber of the legislature from Jefferson County. Children: by the first wife, 1. Francis Mitchell (q. v.); 2. a son, accidentally killed while at college in Athens, Ga.; 3. Bayliss Earle, jr., law yer, Birrningham. Last residence: Jefferson County. GRACE, DAVID BORDEN, editor, was born February 9, 1855, at Newbern; son of Francis Mitchell and Mary Jane (Borden) Grace (q. v.); grandson of Baylis Earle Grace (q. v.). He received his early education from his father and in the schools of Newbern, and later at tended the University of Tennessee. After superintending his father's farm for a while he entered the newspaper business, 1875, in Birmingham. Later he removed to Montevallo where he published "The Guide." Three years later he purchased "The Sweetwater Demo crat," Tenn., and edited that paper for four years. In 1884 he sold his interests in Ten- 686 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY nessee and returned to Birmingham where he aided in founding the "Evening Chronicle" which he for a long time, successfully managed. Unmarried. Residence : Birmingham. GRACE, FRANCIS MITCHELL, Methodist minister, teacher and editor, was born Febru ary 28, 1832, at Elyton, and died August 13, 1904, at Owenton; son of Baylis Earle and Ann (Mitchell) Grace (q. v.). He received his early education at Elyton academy, 1837-46; gradu ated at East Tennessee university, 1849, with the degree of M. A., and later received the honorary degree of D. D. from Hiwassee col lege. He entered the Methodist ministry and served the following pastorates: Newbern, 1853; Eufaula, 1854; Demopolis, 1855-56; Talla dega, 1857-58; Tuscaloosa, 1859-60; Newbern, 1861-65. He edited the "Daily messenger," of Selma, 1866, and the following year he became professor of languages in the University of Tennessee, holding the position for three years. In 1871 he was made president of Hiwassee college, Tenn. From 1883 to 1888 he was presi dent of Mansfield college, La.; professor in Hiwassee college, 1890-99; professor in Owen ton college, 1900-02. Author: contributor to "North American review," "Methodist review," and leading church papers; editor "Alabama Christian Advocate," 1902. He was a fine Latin and Greek scholar. He was a Democrat. Mar ried: (1) April 3, 1854, at Newbern, Hale County, to Mary Jane, daughter of David Wal lace and Hope (Ward) Borden, ot Beaufort, N. C. of Revolutionary ancestry; granddaugh ter of Joseph and Esther Borden, the former a member of the North Carolina convention that framed the contitution- of that state of the Quaker faith, whose six of seven sons migrated to Hale County in 1836, founded the town of Newbern and helped to develop the cane- brake by building roads, schools, churches and digging artesian wells; (2) to Catharine Green of Jefferson County; (3) to Ida F. Hoskins of Tennessee. Children: by the first wife, 1. David Borden (q. v.) ; 2. Bettie Pearce (Grace) Burwell, Birmingham; 3. Annie (Grace) Drake, Weatherford, Texas; by the second wife, 4. William; 5. Francis; 6. Janie; 7. Judith. Last residence: Owenton. GRACIE, ARCHIBALD, brigadier-general, C. S. Army, was born December 1, 1832, in New York, was shot and instantly killed in battle, December 2, 1864, near the position known as "The Crater," and is buried in New York; son of Archibald Gracie, and wife, a Miss Bethune, of Charleston, S. C., the former a merchant of Mobile for seventeen years prior to the War of Secession. After receiving his elementary education he spent five years as a student in Europe, and was appointed in September, 1850, from New Jersey to the United States military academy. He graduated in the class of 1854 and was appointed brevet second lieutenant, 4th infantry. He served as escort to Governor Stevens and commissioners at the Walla Walla council, and was in expeditions against the Snake Indians. Resigning in 1857, he became a member of his father's firm, agents in Mobile and New Orleans of Messrs. Baring brothers of London. While in Mobile he joined the Washington light infantry and was elected captain. At the order of Governor Moore, he and his company seized the Mount Vernon arsenal just before the secession of Alabama. This company was mustered into the Confed erate service as Company E, 3rd Alabama in fantry regiment, which command proceeded to Richmond and on July 12, 1861, he was ap pointed major of the 11th Alabama infantry regiment. He commanded in March and April, 1862, a battalion composed of five companies of sharpshooters, taken from each of the regi ments of Wilcox's brigade. This battalion was among the first to reenforce General Ma- gruder at Yorktown, and was in the skirmish preceding the battle at Williamsburg. Author ized by the Confederate government, he or ganized the 43rd Alabama infantry regiment, of which he was made colonel, February 11, 1862. In July, he was assigned near Chatta nooga to a command consisting of the 43rd Ala bama, 55th Georgia and 1st Florida dismounted regiments, 12th Georgia battalion and the 1st Georgia battery. Because of the success of his expedition against Huntsville, Tenn., and the capture of Fort Cliff, he was appointed brigadier general upon the recommendation of Gen. Kirby Smith and received his commission, November 4, 1862. He led his regiment through the Kentucky campaign, was military governor of Lexington during the occupancy of the Con federates, and of Cumberland Gap after the re turn to Tennessee. His company served as rear guard of Braggs' army at Harrodsburg and Tul- lahoma. At the battle of Chickamauga he lost 705 killed of the 1,870 carried into action. After this battle his brigade was reorganized and he was ordered to form part of Longstreet's force in its march into east Tennessee. This force suffered severely at Bean's Station and Gen eral Gracie was wounded in the arm. He re joined his brigade as soon as he recovered and was ordered to the Richmond and Petersburg lines, under General Beauregard. A horse was shot from under him in a skirmish before Richmond and at Drewry's Bluff he won com mendation for his bravery. From July until his death his brigade served in the trenches before Petersburg. He was inspecting the enemy's line, with telescope in hand, when struck in the head by a bullet which caused instant death. Married: November 19, 1856, to Miss Mayo, of Virginia, niece of Gen. Winfield Scott. Children: two, among these, Archibald, engineer, of New York. Last residence: Mobile. GRADY, JAMES WYLY, planter and legis lator, was born May 25, 1866, at Stroud, Cham bers County; son of John Dawson and Sarah Mitchell (Pate) Grady, the former a native of Fredonia, Chambers County, where he re sided until 1861, when he removed to Stroud, enlisted in Co. A, 10th Confederate cavalry regiment, C. S. Army, in 1861, and served un der Capt. John M. McKleroy for four years without a wound; grandson of James Monroe and Cathline (Heath) Grady, the former a soldier in the Confederate Army who died in July, 1863, while at home on a furlough, and of Mitchell and Sarah Lucinda (Johnston) DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 687 Pate; great-grandson of James Heath, who re moved from South Carolina to Fredonia, and of William and Elizabeth (Grizle) Johnston, the latter removed with his wife from Mon roe County, Ga., to Chambers County in 1830, and was a Revolutionary soldier; great-great- grandson of Joel Grizle, a Revolutionary sol dier. All of these families were of Irish de scent. Mr. Grady was educated in the com mon schools of his native county, and is a merchant and planter. He was appointed jus tice of the peace, 1904; member county board of education 1905-09, and 1912-14. He repre sented Chambers County in the legislature of 1915. He is a Democrat; a Missionary Bap tist; and a Mason. Married: March 3, 1889, at Cumbee's Mill, near Stroud, to Emma Jud son, daughter of Rev. John and Caroline (Spur- lin) Cumbee, of that place, the former removed from South Carolina to Heard County, Ga., thence to Alabama; granddaughter of Rev. James M. Spurlin. Children: 1. Eddie Jud son, m. Ben H. Walker, LaGrange, Ga.; 2. Henry Wyly; 3. John Cumbee; 4. Joseph Allen; 5. Caroline Lucile; 6. Lerah Laconia. Resi dence : Stroud. GRAGG, HENRY, soldier of the American Revolution, a resident of Shelby County; pri vate, particular service not disclosed; enrolled on April 26, 1836, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $30. — Pension Book, Mobile State Branch Bank. He resided in Shelby County, June 1, 1840, aged 79. — Census of Pen sioners, 1841, p. 149. GRAHAM, ANDREW, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 78, and a resident of Franklin County; private S. C. Militia; en rolled on January 30, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $33.66; sums received to date of publication of list, $84.15. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. GRAHAM, DUNCAN BLUE, State treasurer, was born about 1814, in Fayetteville, N. C, and died March 30, 1866, in Montgomery; son of Dougal Baxter and Flora (Blue) Graham, the former a native of Cumberland County, N. C, married and settled in Robeson County, in 1816, moved with his family to Telfair County, Ga., where in 1818 Mrs. Graham died, in 1831 moved to Autauga County, where he died Sep tember 30, 1835; grandson of Archibald and Mary (Baxter) Graham, the former was born about 1735 in Argyleshire, the latter a native of Inverary, Scoland, who came to America about 1768, first settled in Cumberland County, afterwards moved to Richmond County, N. C, and of Duncan and Margaret (Graham) Blue, of Cumberland County, N. C, the former was born in Argyleshire, in 1741, and died in 1828 in Cumberland County, married in 1775 and had three children, Daniel, Weill, and Flora; great-grandson of John and Elizabeth (Smiley) Graham, both emigrated from Argyleshire, Scotland, in 1766 and settled in Cumberland County, N. C, and of Malcom and Sarah (Smith) Blue, both natives of Argyleshire, Scotland. Duncan Blue Graham was well edu cated. He was especially adapted to methodical office work, and the official records indicate painstaking care. He was a cashier in the State branch bank at Montgomery, 1836 and 1837; register of land office, 1844-1848; clerk in the State treasurer's office, 1856-1860; State treasurer, 1860-1865; and offered for a third term after the war but was defeated by only one vote. He was a Democrat; and a Presby terian. Married: May 10, 1838, at Montgomery, to Susan Ann, daughter of John and Mary Elliott of Fayetteville, N. C. Children: 1. Emily Ann; 2. Alice, of Montgomery; 3. Sarah Isabel, m. Thomas Benton Martin; 4. infant; 5. Mamie Elliott, unm.; 6. Wil liam Duncan; 7. Florence Leonora, m. J. S. Northington, of Montgomery; 8. Fanny Cun ningham, m. Charles A., son of Malcolm A. Chisholm (q. v.); 9. Lucy Ellen, d. in in fancy; 10. Infant son; 11. Susan Oliver, m. John, son of Malcolm A. Chisholm (q. v.); 12. infant; 13. Malcom Daniel. Last residence: Montgomery. GRAHAM, EDWARD ALFRED, lawyer and mayor, was born October 18, 1852, near We tumpka, then in Coosa, now in Elmore County, and died in Montgomery, July 1, 1904; son of Malcolm Daniel and Amelia (Ready) Graham; the former was educated at Transylvania uni versity, Ky., admitted to the bar, clerk of the Alabama house of representatives, 1853, removed to Henderson, Tex., where he was state senator, 1857, and attorney general, 1859- 1861; entered Confederate service with rank of colonel, but in 1862 was elected to the Con federate congress; returned to Alabama in 1866, and practiced law in Montgomery until his death in 1878; brother of Malcolm A. Graham (q. v.) ; grandson of John G. and Jeannette (Smith) Graham of Autauga County, and of Aaron and Jerusha (Sims) Ready, of Wetump ka. The Graham family came to America after the battle of Culloden, one branch from Inveraray, Scotland, the other from Ulster, Ire land, and located in North Carolina. The Smiths are also of Scotch origin, and with the Readys were early settlers in Alabama. E. A. Graham received his elementary edu cation at Henderson, Tex., and at Green Springs academy, under Dr. Henry Tutwiler; entered Washington and Lee university in 1870, but left in 1872 before graduation. He came to the bar in 1874; was clerk of the circuit court of Montgomery County, 1877; was a member of the house of representatives, 1882-83, and the State senate, 1886-87, and 1888-89; was one of the four delegates from Montgomery County to the constitutional con vention in 1901; was twice recorder of the city of Montgomery; was elected mayor in 1889, and declined renomination; and was eight years city attorney, voluntarily retiring in 1901. In 1895 he prepared a city code for Montgomery. He was at one time captain of the Montgomery Greys. He was a Demo crat; some time secretary of the State Dem ocratic executive committee; a Presbyteri an; an Odd Fellow; Red Man; Knight of Honor; Elk, and Knight of Pythias, married: 688 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY December 28, 1876, at Eufaula, to Sallie Clay ton, daughter of Dr. Wm. H. and Mary Butler (Shorter) Thornton; great-great-granddaugh ter of Matthew Thornton of New Hampshire, one of the signers of the Declaration of Inde pendence, and niece of Gov. John Gill Shorter (q. v.). Children: 1. Amelia, m. John Mays Stokely, of Newport, Tenn.; 2. Anna, m. Rev. Eugene Lott Hill, Eufaula; 3. Mary; 4. Ed ward Thornton, major in the European War, m. Lottie Baker, resides in Montgomery; 5. Dorothy. Last residence: Montgomery. GRAHAM, HAMILTON C, editor, member of Alabama legislature and circuit clerk, was born July 20, 1840, in Warren County, N. C. He re ceived his early education at Trinity college, Hartford, Conn., and at the University of North Carolina, which institution conferred upon him the degrees of A. B. and A. M. Leaving col lege he entered Ramseur's artillery as a priv ate, at the end of the four months he was pro moted lieutenant and assigned to the 22nd North Carolina infantry regiment, C. S. Army. Later he was transferred to the Seventh North Carolina infantry regiment. Having been wound ed at the battle of Gaines Mill, he was promoted to captaincy of his company; afterwards as signed to Gen. Breckenridge's staff in South west Virginia as judge advocate general of that department. He remained in that position un til the close of the war, at which time he came to Dallas County, Ala., and engaged in farming. He was clerk of the circuit court, 1876-80, hav ing been appointed by Gov. George S. Houston. In 1884, he represented Dallas County in the legislature. In November, 1886, he identified himself with the "Selma Times." He delivered the address at the unveiling of the Confederate monument, at New Bern, N. C, in 1885, in re sponse to a special invitation given by the ladies of that city. Married: July, 1886, in Dal las County, to May J. Mosley, daughter of L. B. Mosley. Residence: Selma. GRAHAM, JOHN S., lawyer, living in 1913. Residence: Jackson. GRAHAM, JOHN YOUNG, teacher, was bora December 31, 1869", at Montgomery, Orange County, N. Y.; son of Gardiner Spring and Annie (Williams) Graham, the former born at Montgomery, N. Y., lives at Roberts, St. Croix County, Wis.; grandson of William and Hannah (Houston) Graham, of Montgomery, N. Y., and of William and Susan Williams, immigrants from Germany; great-grandson of James Gra ham, immigrant from Ireland. Dr. Graham ob tained his early education at Montgomery, N. Y., and in Siglar's preparatory school at New- burgh; graduated at Princeton university, B. S., 1892, and M. S. in 1894; went abroad and graduated at the University of Munich, Ger many, with the degree of Ph.D., 1897. From 1897 to date he has successfully taught biology at the University of Alabama. He is a Demo crat; a Presbyterian, and member of Phi Beta Kappa college fraternity. Married: July 5, 1900, at Mt. Vernon, N. Y., to Isabella, daughter of Wilhelm and Sophia Hummel, of Munich. Residence: University. GRAHAM, JOSEPH BROWN, teacher, was born March 18, 1864, at Spring Garden, Chero kee County, and died as the result of an acci dent, July 6, 1903, at Talladega; son of William Harris and Myra Elizabeth (Penland) Graham, the former a native of Marlborough District! S. C, a Confederate soldier, served in General Joseph Wheeler's escort for three years; grand son of John and Charlotte (Brown) Graham of South Carolina, and of George and Eleanor (Whiteside) Penland of Asheville, N. C. He re ceived his preparatory education in the Spring Garden high school; graduated from Oxford college, A. B., 1880; and was given the honor ary degree of A. M. by Howard college. He taught at Spring Garden, 1883-86; Union City, Tenn., one year; was superintendent city schools of Talladega, 1887-93; read law with Charles C. Whitson at Talladega and admitted to the bar in 1893. He was a member of the board of examiners of public schools of Chero kee County, 1884-86; superintendent education of Talladega County, 1889-1903; member of the board of education of Talladega, 1899-1903; dele gate to the Constitutional convention, 1901; vice-president State Democratic convention, 1900. He was treasurer of the Alabama edu cational association, 1890-91; chairman of its executive committee, 1891-1903; president of the association, 1894; president county super intendents organization, 1899-1900. He was a Baptist; and a member of the Knights of Pyth ias. Married: December 12, 1900, to Lera, daughter of Charles and Emma (Davis) Jones, of Talladega. Children: 1. Joseph Brown jr. Last residence: Talladega. GRAHAM, MALCOLM A., business man, was born July 27, 1859, at Henderson, Rusk County, Tex.; son of Malcolm Daniel and Amelia Cun ningham (Ready) Graham; brother of Edward Alfred Graham (q. v.) ; grandson of John Gra ham and Jeanette (Smith) Graham, of Rocky Mount, Autauga County, and of Aaron and Jerusha Jones (Sims) Ready, who lived at Wetumpka. The Graham family came from Inveraray, Scotland, and settled in Mecklen burg County, N. C. Malcolm Daniel Graham was born in Autauga County, living at We tumpka and Montgomery, later removing to Henderson, Tex. He was at one time attorney- general of Texas, was colonel in the C. S. Army and a member of the Confederate congress from Texas. Representative Graham was edu cated in the private school of Prof. Thomas C. Bragg, Montgomery, and attended the Uni versity of Alabama during the year 1879. He is engaged in the banking and insurance busi ness in Prattville; has been a member of the city council of Prattville for sixteen years and mayor for four years; was a member of the board of revenue for Autauga County for two terms ; has been a trustee of the Alabama girls' technical institute, Montevallo, for fourteen years; was a member of the jury commission for two terms; and was elected representative in the State legislature, 1919. He was a lieu tenant of the Montgomery True Blues and cap tain of the Birmingham field artillery. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; a Mason; Knight of Pythias; and an Odd Fellow. Married, Novem- WILLIAM R. HOUGHTON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 691 ber 2, 1882, at Prattville, to Ellen Leonora, daughter of Alexander Klrkpatrick and Mary S. Mc Williams, of Prattville. Children: 1. Edward A.; 2. Mary Ellen, m. Charles Forrest Collier. Residence: Prattville. GRAHAM, NEILL SMITH, lawyer and mem ber Alabama legislature, was born October 7, 1818, in Moore County, N. C, and died Febru ary 1, 1886, at Tuskegee; son of John Graham and Jeannette (Smith) Graham, the former a major in the U. S. Army, who moved to Ala bama in 1821; grandson of Archibald and Eu- phemia (Graham) Graham of Inveraray, Argyll- . shire, Scotland, who later settled in Rich mond County, N. C, the former an officer in the War of the Revolution, and of Neill and Mary (McNeill) Smith of Moore County, N. C; great-grandson of Archibald and Mary (Bax ter) Graham. Although having the same fam ily name Archibald and Euphemia Graham were not related. The name Graham is one of note in Scotland, descendants of Montrose and of Claverhouse. "Graham Dyke," built across the Firth of Forth to the Clyde in 209 A. D. by Septimus Severus, the Roman Emperor, was connected with history of the Graham ancestry. "The Laurels" was the lodge name of the Gra ham clan. Mr. Graham received his prepara tory education in his native state and entered college at Burlington, Vt. After one session there he went to Princeton, where he gradu ated in 1839, and from which he received the honorary degree of LL. D., 1881. He studied law under Hon. Seth P. Storrs, of Wetumpka; was admitted to the bar and entered upon the practice at Tuskegee; was elected to the legis lature from Coosa County, 1851-55; elected chancellor of the eastern division, 1874, and re-elected in 1880. At his own expense in 1863, he organized a company of which he was elected captain and which was assigned to the 61st Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and later was promoted lieutenant colonel of the regiment. He was a few months later inca pacitated for military duty by a stroke of light ning. On April 25, 1864, he was appointed com missioner of the 7th congressional district. He was a Democrat; a Presbyterian; a Mason; and an Odd Fellow. Married: November 23, 1841, in Wetumpka, to Ellen Rogers, daughter of Alexander Robert and Frances (Rogers) Catchings of that place, natives of York, S. C; granddaughter of Robert and Mary (Hutchin son) Hutchinson, the latter of an Irish family and the sister of Eliza Hutchinson, wife of Robert Jackson and mother of Andrew Jackson. Children: 1. Mattie Hutchinson, m. William L. Crawford, Tuskegee; 2. Robert Hutchinson; 3. Fanny Hutchinson; 4. Jeanette Smith, m. Judge P. S. Holt, Tuskegee; 5. Mary Eliza, m. J. M. Borroughs, Austin, Texas; 6. Alexander Hutch inson, m. Nelie Ligon, Dallas, Texas; 7. John Gurdon; 8. Ellen Caroline, m. R. H. Motley, Tuskegee; 9. Margaret Holman; 10. Neill Smith, jr., m. Ruby Martin, San Antonio, Texas ; 11. Malcolm, m. (1) Carry Sampson; (2) Portia Ferris, Galveston, Texas. Last residence: Tuskegee. / GRAHAM, WILLIAM, State treasurer, 1846. GRANT, ISAAC, editor and publisher, was born April 17, 1828, at Swansboro, Onslaw County, N. C, and died at Grove Hill, Clarke County, December 4, 1907; son of Isaac and Elizabeth (Hellen) Grant; the former emi grated from North Carolina to Alabama in 1832, and settled as a farmer six miles west of Linden, where he lived until his death in the spring of 1834, or 1835; grandson of Basil and Elizabeth (Watson) Grant, and the great- grandson of Stephen Grant, whose father sev eral years before the American revolution em igrated from Pennsylvania to North Carolina. The Grant family is of Scotch descent. After the death of her husband Mrs. Basil Grant married a Mr. Pitts, to whom she bore three children. The Hellen family were emigrants from Maryland to North Carolina as was also the Newbold family. Isaac Grant, jr., was reared on the farm and received the best edu- ¦ cation attainable in the country schools of Marengo and Dallas Counties. He followed a farmer's life until July, 1853, when he became a partner with his brother, Walter H. Grant, in the "Linden Jeffersonian," taking the place of Mr. David B. Hooper who was one of its founders. He was connected with the Jeffer sonian until November 12, 1855, when he lo cated in Grove Hill, Clarke County, and on January 31, 1856, began the publication of the "Grove Hill Democrat," later the "Clarke County Democrat," and which with the excep tion of a few months' suspension immediately after the war, he edited and published as long as he lived. In 1857 he was elected superin tendent of education of Clarke County; in 1866 was appointed by Robert M. Patton to fill a vacancy in the office of probate judge; he served as a member of the house of represen tatives from Clarke County, 1882-83, 1884-85, and 1894-95; and he was elected State senator for the session of 1896-97, from the district composed of the counties of Clarke, Choctaw and Washington. He was a Democrat; a Bap tist; and a Mason. Married: September 22, 1858, in Grove Hill, to Mary Melissa, daughter of Elijah Stewart and Amelia Benson (Chap man) Pugh of Grove Hill; and granddaughter of Joseph Chapman, who settled in the vicinity of Grove Hill just before the outbreak of the Creek War of 1813-14. Mrs. Grant died Sep tember 8, 1896. Children: 1. Isaac Stewart, deceased; 2. Mary Elizabeth, m. Dr. J. W. Armistead; 3. Bryan William, deceased; 4. Annie Louise, m. George Carleton, and resides at Grove Hill; 5. Mittie May, m. John S. Gillis. Last residence: Grove Hill. GRANT, JAMES BENTON, ex-governor of Colorado, was born January 2, 1848, in Russell County; son of Thomas McDonough and Mary (Benton) Grant; brother of Whit McDonough Grant (q. v.). At the age of sixteen he enlisted in the C. S. Army, serving for one year, and at the close of the war located in Iowa. He was educated at the Iowa agricultural college, Cor nell university, and School of mines, Freiburg, Saxony. He settled in Denver after finishing his education; became interested in mines and smelting furnaces in Gilpin County and Lead- 692 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ville; joined his business with another com pany, later consolidating with other smelting companies and becoming the American smelting and refining company, of which he was a mem ber of the executive committee. He was vice- president of the Denver national bank, and governor of Colorado, 1883-85. Married: Jan uary 19, 1881, to Mary Matteson Goodell, of Chicago. Last residence: Denver. GRANT, JAMES FREEMAN, editor and State treasurer, was born December 29, 1808, at Rockford, Surry County, N. O, and died October 10, 1878, in Jacksonville. His father died about 1814, in Raleigh/ N. C, and his mother was Temperance Freeman. In 1834 he came to Alabama to take charge of a Baptist paper and the following year established the "Jacksonville Republican." In 1870 he was elected State treasurer, and in 1872 was renom inated for the office but was defeated. Mar ried: in 1834, at Madisonville, Tenn., to Eliza beth Le Fevre Riley. Children: one son and four daughters, among these, 1. Leonidas W. (q. v.) ; 2. Leonora, m. Mr. Kirk. Last resi dence: Jacksonville. GRANT, JEREMIAH, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, a resident of Tuscaloosa County; private 6th Regular U. S. Infantry; enrolled on July 12, 1822, payment to date from April 12, 1820; annual allowance, $96; acts military establishment. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. GRANT, LEONIDAS WILLIAM, lawyer, edi tor and publisher, was born August 8, 1842, at Jacksonville; son of James Freeman and Eliza beth L. (Riley) Grant (q. v.). His early edu cation was received in the schools of his native town; entered Wesleyan university at Florence in 1860, as a sophomore and left in 1861 to join the C. S. Army; enlisted in Co. G, 10th Ala bama infantry regiment as a private, promoted to sergeant major and subsequently adjutant of the regiment with the rank of captain, and surrendered at Appomattox with Gen. Robert E. Lee, at the close of the war. He participated in all the engagements in which his regiment took part, except the battles of Cold Harbor and the Wilderness. He was licensed to practice law at Jacksonville, in 1866, but in 1867 re moved to Gadsden, where he founded the "Gadsden Evening Times," and bought half interest in "Jacksonville Republican," in 1870. He was member of the house of representa tives, 1874-75, and in the senate, 1880-81, 1881- 82, 1888-89, and 1890-91; and a member of the constitutional convention of 1901 from the fourth congressional district. He was a Mason ; a Knight of Pythias, and a Methodist. Mar ried: November 5, 1867, in Jacksonville, Annie Amelia, daughter of John Foster. Last resi dence : Anniston. GRANT, THOMAS McDONOUGH, physician and planter, was born September 11, 1814, in Halifax County, N. C, and died June 27, 1881, at Seale, Russell County; son of James and Elizabeth Coffield (Whitaker) Grant, the for mer a native of North Carolina, born Febru ary 26, 1791, and died at Raleigh in 1834, at the time comptroller of the State of North Carolina; grandson of James and Martha (Bustin) Grant, the former a native of Scot land, who emigrated to America soon after the battle of Culloden, having fought on the side of the Pretender, and settled near Raleigh, and of Matthew Cary Whitaker of Shell Cas tle, Halifax County, N. C, descendant of Eng lish ancestors who located in Virginia and later removed to the former state, who left school at seventeen to enter the Revolutionary Army, was desperately wounded at the battle of Guilford Court House and did not return home for a year. It was supposed that he was dead and his estate was administered. Thomas McDonough Grant was educated in private schools in Raleigh, his elder brother, the late Judge James Grant of Davenport, Iowa, be ing one of his teachers. He received his pro fessional education in the Jefferson medical college of Philadelphia, and in the Medical col lege of Charleston, S. C, from which he gradu ated. Although a great sufferer from rheu matism he lived an arduous professional life in Russell County, and also successfully con ducted large planting interests. He was active in politics and all charitable efforts. In spite of being greatly reduced by the results of the war, he retained a fine courage to the last. He was a Democrat, and a Methodist Married: December 14, 1841, at Ft. Mitchell, Russell County, at the home of her uncle, Col. John Crowell, to Mary Jane, daughter of James and Elizabeth (Crowell) Benton who lived at Edge combe County, N. C. James Benton was a member of the North Carolina legislature. Children: 1. Elizabeth, Coffield, m. Capt. George Gilmer Ragland of Columbus, Ga., resides in Denver, Colo.; 2. Sarah Young, m. Charles Whitaker of North Carolina, resides in Bir mingham; 3. William West, physician and sur geon, author of many articles in subjects con nected with his profession, Confederate sol dier, Denver, Colo.; 4. James Benton, ex-gov ernor of Colorado, born in Russell County, January 2, 1848, served for one year in the Confederate Army at the age of sixteen, later located in Iowa, was educated at the Agricul tural college of that state, at Cornell uni versity, and in the School of mines at Freiburg, Saxony, m. Mary Matteson Goodell of Chi cago, January 19, 1881, and five years later set tled in Denver; there became interested in mines and smelting furnaces in Gilpin County and Leadville; after being affiliated with sev eral different smelting companies which were merged into the American smelting and refin ing company, of which he was an official, he entered the banking business, being vice-pres ident of the Denver national bank; was elected governor of Colorado, 1883-85, being a Demo crat in politics; 5. David Coffield, Davenport, Iowa; 6. Whitaker McDonough, lawyer, gradu ate of University of Iowa, 1873, member Iowa legislature, 1884-85, U. S. attorney for Alaska, 1887-89, closing up the disputed sealing ques tions so long pending with Great Britain, first mayor of Oklahoma City, Okla., after the adoption of the commission form of govern- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 693 ment, 1911-15, a Democrat, m. Kate W. Weag- ley of Jacksonville, 111., October 9, 1878, re sides in Oklahoma City; 7. Thomas McDon ough. Last residence: Seale. GRANT, WHIT McDONOUGH, lawyer, was born April 26, 1851, at Seale; son of Thomas McDonough and Mary (Benton) Grant; brother of James Benton Grant (q. v.). He graduated from the State university of Iowa, 1873; began the practice of law at Davenport, la., 1873; member of Iowa legislature, 1884-85; U. S. at torney for Alaska, 1887-89, closing up the seal ing cases long in dispute between the United States and Great Britain; removed to Okla homa City, in practice there since 1893, and first mayor under the commission form of government, 1911-15. He is a Democrat. Mar ried: October 9, 1878, to Kate W. Weagley, of Jacksonville, 111. Residence: Oklahoma City, Okla. GRAVES, BARZILLAI, lawyer and legisla tor, was born March 12, 1802, in Caswell County, N. C, and died September 21, 1867, near Tus kegee. There are no records attainable as to names of his parents, and the only known fact connected with them is that he was one of six brothers, all of whom he survived. He was educated at the University of North Carolina, and afterwards studied law under Judge Hen derson in Hillsborough. Soon after being ad mitted to the bar, he was made solicitor of the judicial district, and continued his law prac tice until his removal to Georgia, about 1832. Shortly after settling in the state, he attended the second great nullification meeting held in the state. It was a time of great excitement, and some of the most distinguished citizens of Georgia were speakers on the occasion. All were in favor of nullification and their impas sioned oratory inspired their audience with the wildest enthusiasm. Judge Graves was a Jack son Democrat, and he alone took the stand on the side of the president. Regardless of the ' threats of violence, he bore himself with dig nity and courage and fearlessly spoke in de fense of the position of the president. He bore in silence and with composure the taunt of "Federalist" and false to his section, and yet years after, in the changes wrought by time, his traducers themselves openly regarded him as a most desirable person for governor of the state. In 1837 he was appointed one of the trustees of the University of Georgia, an office he so held as to promote the cause of education in the state. In the fall of this year he removed to southwest Georgia, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits. During these years he twice represented his senatorial dis trict in the state legislature. In 1844 he was district elector on the Polk and Dallas ticket. This was his last political service. After this he became very averse to political life with its toils and excitements and ceased to have any desire for its honors, though the governorship of the state itself lay within his grasp had he only yielded to the wishes of his friends. Thenceforth he led a serious, retired life. He was a man very scholarly in his tastes, de voted to learning, and his reading if not ex tensive, was deep and profound. He was cour teous and dignified in his bearing, and was loved by all who knew him. In the fall of 1851 he moved to near Tuskegee, for the pur pose of educating his children. Throughout the war period he was actively devoted to the Southern cause. He continued his industrial pursuits and enjoyed his usual health until the fall of 1867, when he contracted a severe chill while on his way from his plantation, in Butler County to his home near Tuskegee. The chill was followed by a fever which termi nated his life. He was a Baptist. Married: July 13, 1837, to Sarah M. Goneke of Athens, Ga. Children: Of the four, the names of three are preserved, 1. W. W., who became a Baptist minister; 2. E. L., born May 11, 1845, in Ran dolph County, Ga., was a Confederate soldier; 3. Sarah, m. L. J. Threadgill. Last residence: Tuskegee. GRAVES, DAVID BIBB, lawyer, adjutant general of Alabama, and colonel U. S. Army, was born April 1, 1873, at Hope Hull, Mont gomery County; son of David and Mattie (Bibb) Graves, the former spent most of his life in Texas; grandson of Russell Graves, and 'of Richard J. and Elizabeth (Spivey) Bibb, the former a descendant of Benjamin Bibb, a native of Wales, who came to America in co lonial times, the latter a granddaughter of Aaron Spivey, a Revolutionary soldier from North Carolina, who died in Elmore County. Colonel Graves was educated in the public schools of Texas; attended the University of Alabama from which he graduated, C. E., 1893; took the law course in the University of Texas, 1893-94; and in 1896 received the LL. B. de gree from Yale university. In March, 1897, he entered upon the practice of his profession in Montgomery and has resided in that city since. He was a member of the house of rep resentatives, 1898-99, and 1900-01. He was cap tain, Alabama corps of cadets, 1892-93; has been aide-de-camp on the staff of Brigadier General Louis V. Clark, with rank of captain, and assistant adjutant general under the same officer, with rank of major. He was appointed adjutant general in January, 1907 by Gov. B. B. Comer and held that position until 1911. In 1916 he was chairman of the State Democratic executive committee. He assisted Gen. R. E. Steiner to organize the 1st Alabama cavalry regiment, A. N. G., of which he became lien- tenant colonel. Upon the promotion of Gen. Steiner to brigadier commander, he became col onel of the regiment, which was mustered into the Federal service September, 1916, ordered to San Antonio, Texas, December of that year, returned to Alabama March, 1917. Upon the return of the regiment from the Mexican bor der, the United States being at war with Ger many, Col. Graves was engaged with his regi ment in guarding railroads, bridges, warei- houses, etc. On October 1, 1917, the 1st Ala bama cavalry regiment was transformed into the 116th and 117th field artilleries and became part of the 51st artillery brigade, at Camp Wheeler, Macon, Ga. Colonel Graves took com mand of the 117th Field artillery. He is a 694 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY graduate of the School of fire for field artillery officers at Ft. Sill, and saw service with the 31st Division in France; returned from over seas, December, 1918, and was honorably dis charged from the service, January, 1919. He organized the Alabama department of the Amer ican Legion in Alabama and was the temporary chairman during the period of organization. He is a Democrat, and a member of the Chris tian church. Married: October 10, 1900, at Montgomery, to Dixie, daughter of Peyton and Isabel (Thorpe) Bibb, of that place. Resi dence: Montgomery. GRAVES, EUGENE HAMILTON, merchant and farmer, son of Eugene Lewis and Carrie (Hamiter) Graves (q. v.). He entered the Alabama polytechnic institute in 1889, and graduated with the degree of B. S., 1892; joined the Alabama national guard as a private in Co. F, 1st regiment and was soon afterwards promoted to the rank of lieutenant, holding that commission at the outbreak of the Span ish-American War. On volunteering for active service he was commissioned captain of Co. C, 2nd Alabama regiment, and served until the close of hostilities. On the reorganization of the national guard he was elected major of the 1st battalion of the 2nd regiment and in 1901 was elected colonel of the regiment and served for four years. He retired from the service for two years, but was appointed by Gov. B. B. Comer as inspector of rifle practice, upon the organization of the 4th regiment, 1911, he was unanimously elected colonel. In 1916 when the United States found it neces sary to place troops along the Mexican border on account of threatened war between the two nations, Colonel Graves was with his regiment, mustered into Federal service, July 1, 1916, and went to Texas. In 1917 he resigned from the service. Unmarried. Residence: Eufaula. GRAVES, EUGENE LEWIS, planter and member State legislature, was born May 14, 1845, in Cuthbert, Randolph County, Ga.; son of Barrzillia and Sarah Maria (Goneker) Graves, of Georgia but later, and at the time of death residents of Tuskegee. He received his early education from Mrs. Sayre, in Tuskegee, and later attended the Tuskegee military institute. He was for one year a student in the Univer sity of Alabama. In 1866 he was made prin cipal of the Brooklyn academy, and assistant principal of Bethel academy, Ft. Deposit, 1887. Later he became a planter and afterwards de voted himself solely to agricultural pursuits. He represented Barbour County in the Alabama legislature, 1894-95, 1896-97, 1900-01. He served as 2nd lieutenant, Co. B, 61st Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, from December 2, 1863, until the close of the war; and was appointed captain of Co. B, 1st regiment, A. S. T., May, 1887 He is a Democrat; and a Baptist. Mar ried: April 17, 1867, near Batesville, Barbour County, to Carrie Hamilton. Residence: Harris. GRAVES, FERNANDO D., teacher, was born November 10, 1871, at Newburgh, Franklin County; son of Isaac La Fayette and Cynthia Ann (Bishop) Graves, the former a planter who served as commissioner for Colbert County for a number of years; grandson of Thomas and Cynthia Ann Graves, of Blountsville and New burgh, and of Isaac Bishop and wife, a Miss Hamlin, of Huntsville and Blountsville; great- great-great-great grandson of Peter Graves, a Revolutionary soldier. The Graveses are of Irish and Dutch descent and the Bishops of Irish and English. Both families migrated to Alabama from North Carolina about 1800. He received his early education in the rural schools of Franklin County; attended the Florence normal school for two and a half years; re ceived the degrees of B. S., in 1909, and M. S. 1910, from the University of Alabama. He has taught since the age of sixteen and has held several principalships. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: October 27, 1897, at Equality, to Laura Eliza beth, daughter of William H., Sr., and Josie Alma (Ingram) Kilgore, of that place, the former a member of the 1st Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army. Children: 1. Annie Ruth; 2. Evelyn; 3. Jewel. Residence: Ashland. GRAVES, PEYTON SMITH, farmer and mer chant, was born February 25, 1827, at Lowndes boro, and died June 26, 1892; son of William and Mary (Durham) Graves, the former a native of Lexington, Oglethorpe County, Ga., who located at Lowndesboro, where he passed the last thirty years of his life, a brother of Rev. Peyton Smith Graves (q. v.) ; grandson of William and Sarah (Smith) Graves, natives of Henry County, Va., the former a member of the transportation department in that state during the Revolutionary War, married in 1784 and removed to Oglethorpe County, Ga., whose brother, David Graves, moved to Kentucky and Graves County, that State,' was named in his honor. Mr. Graves received his education at Lowndesboro, where at that time there were excellent academics for both sexes; was a farmer in Montgomery County, and in De Soto Parish, La.; and was later a salesman in a large mercantile house in New Orleans. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: December 1, 1852, at McGehee's Switch, Montgomery County, to Sarah Mildred, daughter of Abner and Jane (Gilmer) McGehee (q. v.). Children: 1. Sallie, m. Alexander Humphreys Clarke, Hope Hull. Last residence: New Orleans, La. GRAVES, PEYTON SMITH, Methodist Prot estant minister, was born March 3, 1799, at Lexington, Oglethorpe County, Ga.; son of Wil liam and Sarah (Smith) Graves, natives of Henry County, Va., who were married in 1784; the former member of the transportation de partment of the Revolutionary Army removed soon after that war to Georgia, and in 1817 to Lowndes County. He was one of the first Methodist Protestant ministers of the State. Married: Miss Paterson, of Baltimore, Md. GRAY, BARON DeKALB, Baptist minister, for a number of years a resident of Alabama, was born June 18, 1855, near Waynesboro, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 695 Miss.; son of Major John Larkin and Caroline (Salter) Gray, both of that State; grandson of Clinch and Margaret (Evans) Gray, the former a government surveyor in the Missis sippi Territory, a member of the first consti tutional convention of Mississippi, and of David Salter of Neshoba County, Miss. Dr. Gray received his early education at Pierce's Springs academy and the schools of Clarke County; graduated from Mississippi college, at Clinton, A. M., 1878; received from the same college the honorary degree of D. D., 1890, LL. D., 1904; graduated from the South ern Baptist theological seminary, 1883; or dained as a Baptist minister, 1878; has served churches in Kentucky, Mississippi, Georgia and Alabama, at one time being stationed at Birmingham, where he was a member of the Howard college board of trustees ; 'was pres ident of Georgetown college, 1901-1903; and since 1903 corresponding secretary of the Home mission board of the Southern Baptist conven tion at Atlanta, Ga. He is the editor of the pub lications of the board. Married: December 9, 1884, at Raymond, Miss., to Alma, daughter of Capt. William Thomas and Mary (Cook) Ratliff, of that place. Residence: Atlanta, Ga. GRAY, HENRY BRAMLETTE, banker and lieutenant-governor, was born February 8, 1867, at Calhoun, Gordon County, Ga.; son of Zachary Thompson and Hannah Elizabeth (Kiker) Gray, the former a native of Stone Mountain, Ga., enlisted in Co. G, 2nd Georgia volunteers, C. S. Army, and rose to the rank of captain of the company; grandson of John and Chloe Gray, and of Evan Alexander and Jane (Smith) Kiker, residents respectively of Summerville, and Calhoun, Ga. He was educated in the public schools of Calhoun and Atlanta; entered upon a newspaper career in 1885 in the service of the "Atlanta Constitution;" removed in 1887, to Birmingham and was on the staff of the "Bir mingham Age-Herald" until 1892; elected 1896 to the board of alderman; and in 1897 to the board of education which position he held for a number of years; was treasurer of Jefferson County, 1900-1904. In the primary election of 1906 he was nominated to the position of lieu tenant-governor over Messrs. D. J. Meador, of Myrtlewood, and Emmet A. O'Neal, of Florence, and served 1907-1911. He was appointed in spector general of rifle practice, with the rank of colonel, on the staff of Gov. W. D. Jelks, 1901, serving until 1906. For some years as a rep resentative of the Sons of Veterans, he was aide on the staff of Gen. J. B. Gordon comman der-in-chief U. C. V. In 1895 Mr. Gray was made president of the People's savings bank and trust company, one of Jefferson County's reliable financial institutions. He was a Demo crat and chairman of the Jefferson County ex ecutive committee of that party, 1896-1900; an Episcopalian; Mason; Knight of Pythias; Odd Fellow; and an Elk. Married: April 15, 1891, at Birmingham, to Bessie, daughter of Col. Al berto and Louise (Mudd) Martin (q. v.); granddaughter of John Martin (q. v.) and of Judge William S. and Florence (Earle) Mudd (q. v.). Children: 1. Henry B., jr. Last resi dence: Birmingham. GRAY, JOHN MERRILL, miner, chief mine inspector, and legislator, was born July 19, 1875, near Hampton, Henry County, Ga.; son of Wil son Alexander and Amelia (Wise) Gray (q. v.), of Hampton, Ga. He was educated in the com mon schoois, and received the degree of C. E., 1896, from Howard college, East Lake. He is a miner. He served as associate mine in spector, 1901 to 1903, being re-appointed in May, 1906. He is a Democrat; Baptist; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: November 3, 1898, at East Lake, to Frances Elinor, daughter of John B. and Hattie (Wood) Tarrant. Chil dren: 1. Charlie Merrill; 2. John Wilson; 3. William Russell. Residence: East Lake: GRAY, OSCAR LEE, lawyer and congress man, was born July 2, 1865, at Marion, Lauder dale County, Miss.; son of Alanson Jefferson and Elizabeth Jane (Nethery) Gray, the for mer of whom was born in Edgefield, S. C, and when six years of age moved with his parents to Mississippi, served as a captain in the C. S. Army, moved to Choctaw County in 1866, and represented that county in the leg islature; grandson of Leslie and Rebecca (Dean) Gray, and of James Nethery. Mr. Gray was educated in the common schools of Choctaw County; and graduated at the Univer sity of Alabama, A. B., 1885. After graduation he taught for several years in Choctaw County; studied law and was admitted to the bar; has served as superintendent of education of Choc taw County; in 1906 was elected solicitor of the first judicial circuit; elected November 3, 1914, as a representative from the first district to the 64th congress; re-elected to the 65th congress. He was, in 1915, a member of the board of edu cation of Choctaw County and has several times serv.ed as chairman of the Choctaw ^County Democratic conventions and has been a delegate to many Democratic State conven tions since 1890. In 1912 he was one of the delegates to the Baltimore convention which nominated Woodrow Wilson for the presidency. He is a Democrat; Baptist; Mason; Knight of Pythias; Woodman of the World; a member of the Loyal Order of Moose; and of the Phi Delta Theta college fraternity. Married: November 27, 1890, to Laura Lee, daughter of William D. and Ludie (Scruggs) Battle, of Livingston. Children: 1. Bessie; 2. Marie. Residence: Butler. GRAY, WILSON ALEXANDER, miner and legislator, was born March 20, 1852, in Henry County, Ga.; son of Merrill and Minerva (Cooper) Gray. He received only a limited education. He farmed until 1886, when he be came a practical miner. He was one of the representatives in the legislature of 1903 from Walker County. He is a Democrat. Married: January 17, 1871, to Amelia, daughter of John and Elizabeth Morgan (Jackson) Wise, of Henry County. Residence: Cordova. GRAYSON, CLAUDE ALBERT, lawyer, was born February 23, 1882, at Gurley, Madison 696 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY County; son of John William and Sarah Smith (Allison) Grayson (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of Madison County; at Robert Downell high school of Gurley; the Huntsville business college; the summer law school of the University of Virginia; and at the University of Alabama, graduating LL. B., 1902. On August 6, 1902, he was admitted to the practice in the circuit court of Madison County, at Huntsville, where he remained until 1905 when he removed to Mobile. He is a Democrat; and represented Mobile in the house of 1915. He is a Mason; Presbyterian; and a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon col lege fraternity. Married: May 25, 1905, at Marion, to Sarah Fairbanks, daughter of John Lawrence and Fidelia Adams (Morrow) Bowen, of Gurley. Children: 1. Frances Bowen; 2. Claude Albert, jr.; 3. John William. Resi dence : Mobile. GRAYSON, JOHN WILLIAM, planter, was born May 23, 1838, in the Big Cove, Madison County; son of James Gordon and Paralee (Wright) Grayson, the former a planter who lived and died on the plantation which his father settled in 1808, called the "Big Cove," near Huntsville; grandson of John and Sally (Carter) Grayson, the former one of the early settlers of Madison County, accumulated a con siderable landed property and was one of the incorporators and trustees of Green academy of Huntsville, one of the first educational in stitutions established in the State, and of Wil liam and Jerusha (Connally) Wright (q. v.). Mr. Grayson was educated in the common schools of Madison County; at Somerville acad emy, Morgan County; and at Cumberland uni versity, Lebanon, Tenn. He left college during his junior year and joined Co. E, 37th Tennes see infantry regiment, C. S. Army, of which he later became first lieutenant and captain. At the time the company was organized neither Alabama nor the Confederate government could" furnish it with arms, hence it joined a Ten nessee regiment rather than disband. In 1866 Mr. Grayson began the career of a planter. He was a member of the house of representatives from Madison County, 1870-71; member of the senate, 1873-75, and again of the house, 1880- 81, and 1915. In 1901 he was a delegate from the fourth senatorial district to the constitu tional convention. He was a member of the board of convict inspectors, 1895-96; and a member of the board of commissioners of Madison County, 1912-1914. He is a Demo crat, a Presbyterian, and a Mason. Married: (1) July 11, 1861, to Sarah, daughter of David and Sarah (Smith) Allison; (2) Sep tember 7, 1887, to Charity C, daughter of Rev. Alex and Isabella J. (Allison) Penland; and (3) March 1, 1893, to Mrs. Azubah Martin, daughter of Edward T. and Mary Jane (Alli son) Parker; all of Madison County. Children by first wife: 1. James Gordon, m. Eliza Mose ley; 2. David Allison, m. (1) Nannette Dubose, (2) Juliet Whitthorne; 3. Ambrose Tilden, m. Tellette Kelly; 4. Claude A. (q. v.), m. Sarah Bowen; by second wife; 5. Nannie P., m. Mur phy Laughinghouse, both dead. Residence: Gurley. GREAT MORTAR, YAH-YAH TUSTENUG- GEE. See Indian chiefs and associated char acters. GREATHOUSE, EARLY, member of the con stitutional convention of 1865, from Tallapoosa County. GREEN, CYRUS DUFF, army officer, planter, was born July 14, 1828, in Washington, D. C, and died while temporarily in Mobile, Novem ber 9, 1865; son of Gen. Duff and Lucretia (Ed wards) Green, the former for years was editor of the "Telegram" and at one time advisor of President Jackson, but later became a supporter and staunch friend of John C. Calhoun, left Washington at the outbreak of the War of Secession,, settled in Dalton, Ga., where he died, June 10, 1875; grandson of William and Ann Bailey (Marshall) Green, the former was with his cousin Washington at Valley Forge and with Gen. Morgan at the battle of Cowpens, having at that time only reached the age of eighteen years, the latter was first cousin of Chief Justice John Marshall, and of Benjamin and Margaret (Bealls) Edward; great-grandson of Duff and Anna (Willis) Green and of Mark- ham Marshall; great-great-grandson of Robert and Eleanor (Dunn) Green, the former the first of the family to come to this country, was born in 1695 and located in Virginia with Sir Wil liam Duff, his mother's brother, first settled in King George County, married when quite young, and later moved to St. Marks Parish, Culpeper County, and of Colonel Henry and Mildred (Washington) Willis, the latter was an aunt and Godmother of George Washington, great-great-great-grandson of Capt. William and Eleanor (Duff) Green, the former was captain of the body-guard of King William, III. Duff C. Green's early education was secured at Rock ville, Md., and from the U. S. military academy, from which he graduated, July 1, 1849, being as signed to the 5th infantry, U. S. Army as second lieutenant. After a period of service on the Mexican border he was transferred to the 3rd infantry, but resigned from the army in 1856, on account of ill health. He then became a planter in Greene County, and later a cotton factor in Mobile. In 1861 he was appointed quartermaster general of the State with the rank of brigadier general. He served in this capacity throughout the war. He was ap pointed by the U. S. government as treasury agent, to collect cotton, but he died a short time afterward. He was a Democrat; a Pres byterian; and a Mason. Married: April 3, 1855, at Eutaw, to Rebecca Jane, daughter of Col. Joseph and Caroline Judith (Henderson) Pickens, of Greene County, but natives of South Carolina; granddaughter of Gen. Andrew Pick ens of the Revolution, and his wife who was a niece of John C. Calhoun. Mrs. Green died in San Francisco, Calif., March 26, 1916. Chil dren: 1. Duff Edwards, d. July 13, 1885, in St. Helena, Napa County, Calif.; 2. Caroline Hen derson, m. Patrick Noble of Abbeville, S. C, resides in New York, N. Y. 3. Florida, resides in San Francisco. Last residence: Montgomery. WILLIAM L. MARTIN DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 699 GREEN, DENT F., lawyer, was born Decem ber 5, 1868, near Jackson's Gap, Tallapoosa County; is the son of John Berry and Levia Ann (Henderson) Green, the former who was born near Newnan, Ga., but resided at Dade ville, served in the C. S. Army during the en tire war, enlisting at Troy, March 1, 1863, as first lieutenant, Co. C, later Co. E, (Capt. C. S. Vaughan), sixth Alabama cavalry regiment, Clanton's brigade, and served until August 19, 1864; grandson of Villett and Mary (Hallmark) Green, of Newnan, Ga., and of Richard and Permelia (Thornton) Henderson, of Dudley- ville. D. F. Green received his early education in the common schools of Talladega County, his labors on his father's farm allowing only twenty-seven months of preparation for college. This deficiency was made up by hard study at night after the day's work was done. In Feb ruary, 1889, he entered Marion military insti tute, of which the late Col. J. T. Murfee was superintendent, and from which he graduated in 1902 with the B. S. degree. After graduation he taught one year at Monterey; was principal of the public school at Fort Deposit two years; was president of the North Alabama Baptist college, Danville, 1895-97. During this time he studied law and in September, 1897, was ad mitted to the bar at Cullman; was vice-presi dent of the Falkville normal college, Falk ville, 1897-1900; vice-president and general council of Tennessee Valley bank, Decatur, from 1909 to 1918 when appointed superin tendent of banks. He served as member of leg islature from Morgan County, 1898-9; register in chancery for Morgan County, 1900 to 1908; solicitor of Morgan County law and equity court, 1908-9; State senator, second district, 1915; ap pointed State superintendent of banks, July 12, 1918; resigned the latter position, Septem ber 15, 1919, to become secretary of Hhe Ala bama State mission board. He is, a Democrat; a Baptist; a Royal Arch Mason; a Knight of Pythias ; and a Woodman of the World. Married : June 30, 1902, at Birmingham, to Alice Nail, daughter of Rev. James Perdue and Susan (Talbot) Nail, of Troy, the former of whom served in the C. S. Army as captain. Chil dren: 1. Mildred; 2. Alice Nail. Residence: Montgomery. GREEN, HENRY, physician, was born Feb ruary 9, 1867, at Burnt Corn, Monroe County; son of Whitson B. and Susan (Watson) Green, jr., who lived at Burnt Corn, the former a native of Dale County, born July 4, 1836, who served four years in the Third Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army; grandson of Whitson B. and Jane (Brown) Green, sr., and George and Nancy Watson, all of whom lived at Burnt Corn. He was educated in the common schools of Monroe County, and was graduated from the medical school of the University of Ala bama at Mobile, M. D., March 25, 1892. He began to practice medicine in Butler County, May, 1892, and moved to Dothan in. the sum mer of 1900, where he has continuously re sided since that time. He is an Independent Democrat, and has served as chairman of the board of stewards of the Methodist Episcopal Vol. in— 45 church for many years. He is a Mason. Mar ried: July 11, 1894, at Georgiana, Anna Rhodes, daughter of Julius and Ellen Rhodes, who lived at Georgiana. Children: 1. Estelle, b. 1895; 2. Nell, b. 1897; 3. Hal, b. 1902; 4. Susie, b. 1905; 5. Edna, b. 1910; 6. Whitson B., b. 1912. Residence: Dothan. GREEN, JAMES FRANCIS, lawyer, was born August 14, 1860, at Pensacola, Fla.; son of James Edward Green and wife, who was Mrs. Mary (McKinley) Kelly, widow of Ed ward Kelly, the former a lawyer, born in Charlestown, Mass., of Scotch-Irish parentage, the latter born in Glasgow, Scotland, of Irish parents. Mr. Green was a graduate of Univer sity of Alabama, 1880; practiced law in Es cambia County, of which he was county solici tor, until 1884, in which year he removed to Anniston; was United States deputy revenue collector, 1894-98. He is an Odd Fellow, Knight of Pythias, Woodman of the World, and a Bap tist. Married: April 25, 1881, at Tuscaloosa, to Mary Ella, daughter of Isham Robertson and wife, who was a Miss Cameron; grand-daugh ter of "Horseshoe" Robertson (q. v.) of the Revolutionary War. Children: 1. Denver E.; 2. Clarence C, deceased; 3. Mary Myrtle; 4. James F.; 5. Sybil S.; 6. Cecil L.; 7. Lela. Residence: Anniston. GREEN, JOHN, pioneer, public official, was born March 8, 1790, at Abbeville District, S. C, and died July 7, 1882, at Burnt Corn; son of William Green, who married a Miss Bicker- stiff of Abbeville, S. C, and lived in that place until he was thirty-seven years old, when he died. The Green family is descended from Robert Green, who was awarded a grant of land in South Carolina, later the scene of the battle of Cowpens, for services rendered the English crown. When he was ten years old, Mr. Green's parents moved to Jackson County, Ga. He educated himself, learning to read and write from a small public library in Jack son County, Ga. After leaving his father, he attended a country school for a few months, where he acquired enough education to trans act common business. He was very fond of books, and studied zealously, in order to fit himself to teach school. When he was twenty- one years old, he began to read law, and eventually became a lawyer in Athens, Ga. He continued his practice until after his mar riage when he was induced to give up his profession and devote his energies to planting and cotton-growing. He moved with his wife's family to Alabama in 1816, and settled in Cone cuh County when it was without the slightest trace of civilization. He established the first school in Conecuh County, and taught in it for many years. He held almost every office in Conecuh County, from justice of the peace to representative in the legislature. He was sent to the legislature in 1824, and in 1828, when the capitol was at Tuscaloosa. Though a Co-operationist, he was elected to represent Conecuh County in the secession convention of 1861, and was the only member from southern Alabama who voted for co-operation. In 1875, though eighty-five years old, he was 700 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY sent as a delegate to the constitutional con vention. He was granted a pension after the close of the War of Secession for his services in the War of 1812. He was a Jeffersonian Democrat; a Universalist; and a member of the Sons of Temperance. Married: Nancy Jones, daughter of Thomas Palmer and Polly (Betts) Jones, natives of New Jersey, and Milledgeville, Ga., who lived in Conecuh County, the former, of English parentage, had the best regulated and conducted plantation in Conecuh County, and his negroes, all attired in olive green, the livery of the place, were known all over the county by the color of their attire. Children: 1. Christopher W., b. about 1818, near Burnt Corn, Conecuh County, farmer, lived in Butler, Conecuh and Wilcox Counties, then moved to Florida, d. at age of sixty-seven, m. Frances L. Watson, of Monroe County, children, Thomas Lafayette, enlisted in the First Alabama infantry, C. S. Army, and was killed in the battle in front of Rich mond, Va., June 30, 1862, Alexander Hamilton, served in the C. S. Army, was captured and imprisoned, settled in Florida after the war, m. January, 1870, Lauretta Virginia Fisher, eight children, Narcissus Green, b. February 22, 1846, at Burnt Corn, d. August 2, 1868, in Wilcox; Susannah L., b. September 16, 1847, d. August 30, 1862, in Wilcox; George A., b. February 3, 1850, d. January 16, 1871, Marion, farmer in Texas; John C, merchant at Pen sacola, Fla.; Frances B., d. December 4, 1860; 2. Thomas, a soldier in the Mexican War and in the War of Secession, d. in a hospital in Montgomery, 1865; 3. Hamilton, killed by the fall of a tree, cut down while hunting; 4. John, jr., d. in Mississippi, has three sons and one daughter living there; 5. William, mem ber of constitutional convention, d. in Mis sissippi; 6. Mrs. Fannie Caten Swift, Pen sacola, Fla.; 7. Mrs. Mollie Carten, Century, Fla.; and seven daughters who are deceased. Last residence: Burnt Corn. GREEN, JOSEPH WALTON, railway engi neer and legislator, was born January 12, 1858, at Tuskegee, Macon County; son of Joseph and Hattie Hutchings (Bailey) Green, the former a planter of Macon County, served four years in the 56th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and during re-construction was sheriff of Macon County; grandson of William and Lucy (Cook) Green, of Macon County, and of Wil liam and Octavia (Holt) Bailey, of Tuskegee, both were large planters of Macon County; great-grandson of Hines Holt, once secretary of State of Georgia. He was educated at the schools of Tuskegee and the Southern univer-' sity, but did not graduate. He was for many years a locomotive engineer on the Southern railway. He was foreman of the grand jury of Dallas County in January, 1897, and caused an investigation of the public school system, which resulted in the terms of the rural schools of the county being lengthened from three and four to six and seven months on practically the same appropriation. He represented Dallas County in the house in the 1911, 1915, and 1919 sessions of the legislature. He is a Demo crat; Methodist; and a member of the Broth erhood of locomotive engineers of which he was several years secretary and treasurer. Mar ried: November 26, 1879, in St. James Parish, La., to Leila Lemuela, daughter of Lemuel Johnston and Martha (Powell) Hale, of Monte vallo; granddaughter of Edward Whitaker Powell, one of the first settlers in Montevallo in 1818; great-great-granddaughter of John Sevier, first governor of Tennessee. Children: 1. Lemuel Bailey, m. Florence Graves'; 2. Joseph W., jr., m. Evelyn Kincey; 3. Octavia Bridges; 4. Leila Hale; 5. Susie Armistead; 6. Kate Douglas. Residence: Selma. GREENE, ALEXANDER A., lieutenant colo nel, 37th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. GREENE, DANIEL ARTHUR, lawyer and judge, was born August 8, 1863, near Opelika, Lee County; son of Rinaldo M. and Martha Ann (Bullard) Greene, the former a native of Leon County, Fla., lived at Columbus, Ga., and Opelika, of which latter place he was mayor, served as captain of Co. C, 6th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of James R. and Mary Anne Greene, and of Dan iel and Susan (Mizell) Bullard, of Oak Bowery. Judge Greene was educated in the common schools of Opelika; graduated at Emory col lege, Oxford, Ga., A. B., 1884; and at the Uni versity of Alabama LL. B., 1886. He entered upon the practice of his profession at Birming ham in 1886, where he has since resided. In 1896-97 he represented Jefferson County in the general assembly; in 1901 became associate judge of the criminal court of Jefferson County; and in 1905 senior judge of the same cburt. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Knight of Pythias; Knight of Honor; and a Mason. Author: "Masonic manual of Alabama," 1903-05- 08, together with the "code" and "digest" of the laws of the grand lodge. Married: May 6, 1890, at Birmingham, to Margaret Jordan, daughter of Dr. George M. and Mary Ella (Smith) Morrow, of that place, and sister of Hugh Morrow (q. v.) ; granddaughter of Dr. Joseph R. Smith (q. v.). Children: 1. Mary George; 2. Susie Morrow; 3. Margaret Jordan. Residence: Birmingham. GREENE, FRANCES NIMMO, teacher and author, was born in Tuscaloosa; daughter of Thomas Finley and Virginia (Owen) Greene (q. v.) ; sister of Annie Finley (Greene) Brown (q. v.). She was educated at home by her mother and at the Tuscaloosa female college, which she attended two years. She removed to Birmingham with her parents after leaving school, and later went with the family to Montgomery, where she taught and became principal of the Lafayette public school. In 1909 she resigned that position and became assistant in the library division of the Alabama State department of archives and history, which place she held for one year. During 1911-12, she edited the woman's page of the "Birmingham News," and the following year became head of the public library of that city. She returned to Montgomery in 1913, and has since devoted her entire time to writing. She DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 701 is a Democrat and an Episcopalian. Author: "King Arthur and his court," 1901, stories of chivalry for children; "With spurs of gold," 1905, stories of chivalry for children written in collaboration with Dolly Kirk; "My coun try's voice," 1917, for juveniles; "America first," 1917, for juveniles; "American ideals;" a series of patriotic readers for children; a number of short stories that appeared in cur rent publications; a group of one act plays; and the following novels; "Into the night," 1909; "The right of the strongest," 1913; "One clear call," 1914; "The devil to pay," 1917. She is unmarried. Residence: Montgomery. GREENE, HORACE, grand treasurer, grand lodge of Masons, 1837. GREENE, JAMES BENJAMIN, merchant and banker, was born February 18, 1861, in Russell, now Lee County; son of Rinaldo Mc- Keen and Martha Ann (Bullard) Greene (q. v.), grandson of Daniel and Susan (Mizell) Bullard (q. v.), and nephew of Gen. Robert Lee Bul lard. Mr. Greene obtained early education in private schools in Opelika; graduted at Emory college, Oxford, Ga., A. B., 1879, and fourth in jank in a class of 26. He has been a merchant and a banker from 1879 to date, filling the posi tions of cashier, vice-president, and president of the bank of Opelika; has been a director in different corporations; has served as a member of city school board of Opelika; was captain of the Lee light infantry in the old State troops. He is a Methodist and for about twenty-five years has edited and published the "Quarterly Review," devoted to his Sunday school. He was at one time president of the Alabama anti- saloon league and he is a member of the Knights of Pythias. Married: May 9, 1883, in Mont gomery, to Julia Goree, daughter of Oscar Fitz- allen and Frances Olivia (Frazer) Casey, for many years a professor in the Southern univer sity at Greensboro, after professor in Mar tin college, Pulaski, Tenn., and who also taught private schools in Montgomery and Auburn. Children: 1. James Benjamin, jr.; m. Eloise Glenn, resides in Montgomery; 2. Julien Casey, m. Mary Hudmon, resides in Opelika; 3. Oscar Casey, graduate of U. S. naval academy, and now an officer in the navy; 4. Raleigh Williams, resides in Opelika; 5. Florence, Opelika; 6-7, two daughters, Annie and Frances, died in in fancy. Residence: Opelika. i GREENE, JAMES THOMASON, lawyer, was born February 2, 1849; son of John and Eliza beth Arnold (Thomason) Greene, the former a native of County Cork, Ireland, born in 1814, who came to this country in 1832, settled in St. Clair County, living there for the remainder of his life except for a few years' residence in Georgia, and died in 1864; nephew of John I. Thomason, probate judge of St. Clair County, 1846-1850, who took an active part in the in corporation of the Northeast & Southeast, now the Alabama Great Southern, Railroad Com pany. He received his early education from the country schools around his home; studied law in the office of Judge LeRoy Box, at Ashville, 1871; was admitted to the bar in 1872; during the same year was appointed register in chan cery, which position he held until 1880; was chairman of the Democratic executive commit tee of St. Clair County, 1874-1876; clerk in the Montgomery office of the superintendent of education, 1876-1881; representative to the State legislature from St. Clair County, 1884-1886, and probate judge from 1886 to 1892. He prac ticed law in Ashville, 1872-1876, 1881-1886, 1892- 1901, then moved to Anniston where he has since resided. During his term in the State legislature, he was chairman of the committee on education. He enlisted in the C. S. Army when he was only thirteen years old, but was compelled to leave the service because of ill health. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Royal Arch Mason; a Knight of Pythias; an Elk; and an Odd Fellow. Married: October 12, 1873, Maggie Ashley, daughter of Benjamin F. and Elizabeth Ashley, of Ashville. Children: 1. Otis; 2. Claude, d. in infancy; 3. James Gardner, clerk in the employ of the govern ment at Washington; 4. Postelle, b. August 27, 1882, d. March 14, 1888, from burns received from popping corn with her little sisters; 5. Evelyn T., d. at fourteen years of age, June 27, 1901, under surgical treatment for injuries from a fall; 6. Ethel A.; 7. Margaret; 8. Marie H.; 9. Nelle; 10. John Benjamin. Residence: Anniston. GREENE, JOSEPH BERRY, physician, was born October 18, 1869, in Birmingham; son of Robert Nathaniel and Sarah Ellen (Earle) Greene, of Elyton, the former a Confederate soldier; grandson of Dr. Samuel and Harriet Earle, and of George and Jane Greene, grand parents on both sides natives of South Caro lina but residents of Jefferson County. Dr. Greene received his early education in the public and private schools of Elyton and Bir mingham; graduated A. B., 1890, M. A., 1891, University of Alabama; M. D., 1893, University of Virginia; and took post graduate course at Johns Hopkins hospital, 1893-94. He entered the U. S. public health and marine hospital service as assistant surgeon, 1894; detailed as medical officer in New Orleans, La., and Port Gibson, Miss., during the yellow fever epidemic, 1895; served as surgeon on the U. S. despatch boat, "McCullock," at the battle of Manila Bay, May 1, 1898; later medical adviser to U. S. consul, Bremen, Germany. He is a Democrat; Episcopalian; and Mason. Married: June 2, 1907, to Sarah Edwards, daughter of Judge Jonathan and Mary (Fuller) Ingersoll, of Cleveland, Ohio. Residence: Ashville. GREENE, MYLES JEFFERSON, physician, was born October 30, 1827, in Baldwin County, Ga., and died June 27, 1892, in Montgomery; son of Myles and Marltia (Jackson) Greene of Baldwin and Chattahoochee Counties, Ga.; grandson of Rev. Myles and Elizabeth (Hunt) Greene of Virginia, later of Georgia, the former of English ancestry, born in Sussex County, Va., June 6, 1767, entered the Methodist min istry at twenty-one years of age, as an itiner ant preacher, later joining the conference, and served in Virginia until 1791, when he removed to Georgia, serving in Hancock and surround- 702 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ing counties until his death, in January, 1852. Dr. Myles J. Greene was educated in the coun try schools in Georgia and at Auburn. He re ceived his medical degree from Charleston, South Carolina medical college in 1851. He be gan the practice of medicine in Loachapoka shortly after graduation and practiced success fully there, in Opelika and in Talladega, until his appointment as grand secretary of the Ma sonic Grand lodge in December, 1888. He was for one term a member of the house of repre sentatives. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; a Royal Arch Mason and Templar. Married: April 10, 1853, at Loachapoka, to Mary Ann Eliza, daughter of Dr. Reuben and Mary (Bald win) Phillips, of that place. There were no children. Last residence: Montgomery. GREENE. PETER ALEXANDER, anti quarian and circuit clerk, bom August 8, 1838, at Ellerslie, Harris County, Ga., and died while on a visit to his niece, in Columbus, Ga., No vember 23, 1902; son of Myles, jr., and March Wyche (Jackson) Greene, the former born in Hancock County, Ga., August 24, 1801, the lat ter a native of Virginia; grandson of Myles Greene, sr., and his first wife, Elizabeth Hunt, the former was a pioneer itinerant Methodist preacher, born in Sussex County, Va., June 6, 1767, who moved to Hancoek County, Ga., in 1798, and of Drury and Lucy (Wyche) Jack son; great-grandson of Peter and Judith (Love) Greene, the former ' served in the American Revolution from Virginia, and of Capt. John Hunt and his wife, a Miss Turner, the former an officer in the Revolutionary War from North Carolina. The original ancestor, Richard, jr., born at Bowridge Hill, England, came to Rhode Island in 1635. Both sides of the house are of English descent. Peter A. Greene secured his early education from his parents and from the country schools and began teaching at eighteen years of age. Two years later he attended Emory and Henry college at Emory, Va., for one year, and went the next term to the East Alabama male college at Auburn, but left here to enter the Confederate Army, as a private in Co. L, 6th Alabama infantry regiment. In November, 1862, he was transferred to Co. G, 31st Georgia infantry regiment and elected second lieutenant, promoted to first lieutenant in 1863, and commanded his company, there being no captain, until April 7, 1865, when he was captured at Sailor's Run, Virginia. Im prisoned in the old Capitol Prison in Washing ton City, he was in that city on the night of the assassination of President Lincoln, and was rushed to Johnson's Island, Ohio, on that same night. He was released June 18, 1865. He was a planter in Russell County from 1867 to 1880; census enumerator for the county in 1880 and in the same year, elected circuit court clerk of that county, a position which he continued to fill until his death. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; a Mason; and a Knight of Honor. His interest in antiquities began shortly after the war, but his collection was not started until the year 1880. At the time of his death the collection contained about 3,000 stone aborig inal relics, some fifty or more fire-arms, twenty- five swords and a large assortment of old books, manuscripts, newspapers, curios, etc, It was especially rich in War of Secession material. After his death, a number of objects were recalled by the donors, much of it was sold In the settlement of the estate, and some have found their way into the State Museum at Montgomery. Married: (1) at Opelika, in 1864, while home on furlough, to Sarah Wharton, of Mitchell's station, Va., daughter of John and Eliza (Colvin) Wharton, and a sister of Gen.. Gabriel C. Wharton of the Confederate Army; (2) in March, 1866, to Mrs. Martha Turner (Bass) Greene, widow of his brother, Stephen C. Greene, at his home in Russell County. Chil dren: 1st marriage, one girl, died in infancy; 2nd marriage, none. Last residence: Seale. GREENE, RALEIGH WILLIAMS, graduate of the Alabama polytechnic institute, B. S., de gree, 1892; a minister. Residence: Brewton. GREENE, RUFUS, grand master, grand lodge, Masons, 1847-48-49; grand master, grand council, 1848-49-50; grand high priest, grand chapter, 1850. GREENE, SAMUEL EARLE, lawyer, was born March 19, 1853, in Jefferson County; son of Robert N. and Sarah (Earle) Greene, who were born in Jefferson County; grandson of George L. and Jane Y. Greene who were among the early settlers of Jefferson County, moving to that place from South Carolina soon after Alabama became a state, and Of Dr. Samuel S. and Harriet H. Earle, who also came from South Carolina in the early history of the country. He received his preliminary schooling in Elyton, Jefferson County, and his collegiate education at Washington and Lee University at Lexington, Va. After he left college he became a teacher in the schools of Elyton and Bir mingham for four years, during which time he studied law in the office of Porter & Martin. He was admitted to the bar in 1880, and began the practice of law at Jasper, Walker County; .remained there two years, returning to Bir mingham in 1883; and continued to practice in that city. He was elected to the State legis lature from Jefferson County in 1884 by a large majority; served his term and declined re election, preferring to devote his time exclu sively to the practice of law. He formed a law partnership with James E. Hawkins, under the firm name of Hawkins & Greene, October, 1885; was appointed judge of the criminal court of Jefferson County by Gov. Seay, February, 1887, until his successor should be elected in the fol lowing year; was returned to the bench in the election without opposition for a term of six years ; was elected continuously from that time until he had occupied the seat for seventeen consecutive years; and nominated for probate judge of Jefferson County in 1904; is a Demo crat; an Episcopalian; a member of the Knights of Pythias; and of the Delta Kappa Epsilon college fraternity. Married: February 27, 1889, Rosa Miller, daughter of Judge G. K. and Celestine (McCann) Miller, of Talladega County. Children: 1. Robert Knox; 2. Sarah Ellen; 3. Samuel Earle; 4. Rosa Celestine; 5. Harriet Hampton. Residence: Birmingham. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 703 GREENE, THOMAS FINLEY, Methodist minister, lawyer and pioneer water-way advo cate, was born December 2, 1829, in Abbeville, Abbeville District, S. C, and died March 21, 1905, in Montgomery; son of Major Robert Harvey and Anne (Finley) Greene, the for mer a native of South Carolina who removed with his wife, who was a native of Tennessee, their oldest son, slaves and household effects, to Jefferson County in 1832, and settled a two thousand acre farm ten miles north of the pres ent city of Birmingham. Mr. Greene was edu cated in the country schools and at Emory col lege, Oxford, Ga., from which he graduated in 1851, with the degree of A. B. He also gradu ated in law and after being admitted to the Alabama bar practiced a few years. He was later ordained as a minister in the Methodist Episcopal church, and was for a long while in this service. In 1868, he applied to the legis lature of Alabama for an incorporation Act, providing for the issuance of charters to com panies proposing to develop water-ways through out the State. While the acts promoted by Mr. Greene were general, his interest was focused on the Warrior River, for the improvement of which he had already formed a company. In the same year that his acts of incorporation were passed by the legislature, that body, through his efforts in the lobby, memorialized congress praying for its "most gracious aid in opening said Warrior River, to steam naviga tion." Failing of favorable action by con gress Mr. Greene organized the "Alabama coal and slack-water company," financed by eastern capital, the purpose being to build a system of locks and dams on the upper Warrior River, and to open up the vast coal fields of West Alabama. On the failure of the original com pany, others were formed from time to time by Mr. Greene, each in turn to fail for lack of local and financial support. In 1885 he again sought the aid of congress, but without success. Much money was expended by his companies in making surveys, engineering, es timates and in building up public opinion, but the man of vision, discouraged, finally abandoned his efforts for water-ways develop ment. It fell to the lot of others to promote to fruition the development of the Warrior River making of it a water highway from the coal fields of Walker County to the Gulf of Mexico, but posterity will pay its tribute to the man who spent many years of his life in trying to make the dream come true. Mr. Greene was the first to suggest the establish ment, by the North Alabama Methodist confer ence, of a college for young men at Owenton, and gave to the project his characteristic urge and insistence, until it was an accomplished fact. He was a Democrat. Married: in Tusca loosa, to Virginia, daughter of Dr. John and Anne (Keeling) Owen. Children: 1. Annie F. (q. v.)., m. Eugene Levert Brown; 2. John Owen, d. in childhood; 3. Kate, d. in childhood; 4. Robert Harvey, m. Kate Ford, Montgomery; 5. Mary Virginia, deceased; 6. Frances Nimmo (q. v.). Last residence: Montgomery. GREENE, WILLIAM, member of the consti tutional convention, 1875, from Choctaw County. GREENE, WILLIAM JEFFERSON, editor, comptroller of public accounts, was born Feb ruary 12, 1817, in Tennessee, and died in July, 1885, at Six Mile, Bibb County. He was edu cated in the common schools of his native state; learned the printer's trade early in life and followed it for many years. In 1847 he was elected engrossing clerk of the house of repre sentatives of Alabama, and was re-elected for several sessions; and in 1855 he was elected by the legislature comptroller of public accounts, which office is now known as State auditor, serving for ten years until 1865. He was asso ciated with Thomas Goldsby of Selma in the in surance business from 1866 to 1874. Late in life he retired to the town of Six Mile where he died, and where he is buried. Married: Name of wife unknown. Children: 1. Elias, a Con federate soldier, killed at Chattanooga; 2. Wil liam Henry, m. Carrie , Mobile; 3. Ed gar Lewis, married and resides in Oklahoma; 4. Amanda, m. a Mr. Croswell and resides in Croswell, Okla. Last residence: Six Mile. GREENING, ELDRIDGE S., lawyer, was born about 1798 and died in Conecuh County, 1828; probably the grandson of John Greening, of Charleston, S. C, great-grandson of John Greening, sr., of Virginia, a Revolutionary sol dier, and great-great-grandson of Mason and Margaret (Hainsworth) Greening, also of Vir ginia. Mr. Greening was an early settler of Conecuh County, where he practiced law; was a representative in the legislature, 1821, 1825, 1826, and 1827; solicitor of the circuit court, succeeding John Gayle, in 1821; and was a candidate for congress in 1828, but was killed before the election. He was on his way to Pensacola, when he was thrown from his buggy against a tree and killed. He had one son, A. A. Greening. Last residence: Conecuh County. GREER, CHARLES HEARD, editor and pub lisher, was born April 24, 1860, in Troup County, Ga.; son of Young Taylor and Eliza (Darnell) Greer, the former a native of Madi son, Ga., and a soldier in the Creek Indian War; and grandson of Joseph and Polly Dar nell, of Roanoke. The Greer brothers came to America and founded the numerous families of the name. The Georgia branch are the an cestors of Mr. Greer. He obtained his early education in private schools at Lafayette; and attended the North Georgia agricultural and mechanical college at Dahlonega, finish ing junior course in 1882. His life has been spent almost entirely in newspaper work, from setting type to the editorial desk. He was with the "Montgomery Morning News," 1874, published the "Wedowee Journal, 1878-79," "Chambers County Democrat," 1885-89, shared in the publication of the "Opelika News," 1890- 95, shared in the organization of the "Daily State" at Birmingham in 1895, was managing editor of the "Age-Herald," 1897-98, and was one of the organizers of the "Birmingham Ledger." For two terms, 1885 and 1886, he was president of the Alabama press associa tion. In his editorial and other work he advocated an industrial school for girls, uni form text-books, and mail-routes and tele- 704 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY phones, and a country stock-law; and he promptly reported the first success of the effort at steel making in Birmingham. He represented the 16th senatorial district in the constitutional convention of 1901. He was secretary of the Democratic executive commit tee in Birmingham, 1897. He is a Baptist, a Mason; a Knight Templar; a Knight of Pythias; Red Man; and Woodman of the World. Mar ried: (1) May 26, 1887, in Birmingham, to Nancy, daughter of Gov. William H. and Lucy Smith, (q. v.); (2) November 29, 1905, to Irene, daughter of Anderson Hanna, of Greens boro, whose ancestors were among the first settlers of middle Alabama. Children: 1. Roe Preston, an editor, at Uniontown; 2. Dr. Hugh Dickson, married Mary Pride, lives in Decatur; 3. Charles West, staff -writer on the "Birmingham Age-Herald;" 4. David Dickson; 5. Jeptha Vernon; 6. Ruth. Resi dence: Marion. GREER, LEONARD FORSYTH, business man, member Constitutional convention, and of the board of convict inspectors, was born Aug ust 24, 1863, at Forsyth, Monroe County, Ga.;' son of Leonard Forsyth and Martha Caroline (Thrasher) Greer, the former of Forsyth, Ga., served in C. S. Army under Gen. J. B. Gordon, the latter of Newton County, Ga.; grandson of Leonard Greer, of Forsyth, and of David Thrasher, of Newton, Ga. He is of Scotch-Irish descent, his people first settling in Maryland, later moving to the Carolinas and Georgia. He was educated in the common schools of Newton County, Ga., and at the Gordon institute, Bamesville, La.; is a farmer and merchant; was a member of the constitutional convention of 1901; appointed in 1911, an associate in spector of convicts ; named as his own successor on April 15, 1913, serving until 1915. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: October 25, 1885, at Choc- colocco, to Emma Ewell, daughter of Dr. A. Y. and Sarah Anne (Ross) Blackmon, of that place. The family is of Welsh and Irish origin and descended from Frederick Ross, of South Carolina. Children: 1. Beecher; 2. Stella lone; 3. Leonard F., jr.; 4. Bryan; 5. Gussle Clyde; 6. Annie Ross; 7. Martha Caroline; 8. Emma Ewell; 9. Fred Blackmon. Residence: Annis ton. GREER, MOSES, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Au tauga County; private Georgia militia; en rolled on August 12, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $28; sums received to date of publication of list, $84. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. GREESHAM, ROBERT, soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, and a resident of Limestone County; private Dark's Regiment; enrolled on December 6, 1824; payment to date from Feb ruary 18, 1824; annual allowance, $48; sums received to date of publication of list, $433.95; February 4, 1822. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. GREGG, JOHN, teacher and lawyer, a native and for a number of years a resident of Ala bama, was born in Lawrence County, Septem ber 28, 1828, and was killed in the assault on Fort Harrison, near Richmond, October 7, ,1864; son of Nathan Gregg and wife, who was Mrs. Camp, daughter of Jeremiah Pearsall, of Lawrence County. He received his education at La Grange college, graduating in 1897; for several years taught under Henry Tutwiler at Greene Springs school, Hale County; later studied law in Tuscumbia under Judge H. Townes; removed in 1851 to Texas; served for several years as judge of the circuit court; was a member of the Texas secession convention, was sent as a representative to Montgomery and served for one term after the seat of gov ernment was removed to Richmond. He en tered the services of the C. S. Army as lieu tenant-colonel of the Seventh Texas regiment; and was promoted to the rank of brigadier-gen eral August 29, 1862. His brigade fought at Vicksburg and Chickamauga. He was later transferred to the command of Hood's old bri gade in the Virginia army, and it was in the command of these gallant Texans that he lost his life. In the "Confederate Military His tory," vol. 11, p. 234, it is said of him that he "Fought in three of the principal armies of the Confederacy, and gained distinction in each." Married: to Mollie, daughter of Gen. Jesse Winston and Unity Spotswood (Dandridge) Garth (q. v.), of Morgan County, the former of English ancestry, was a descendant of the Winstons, and a cousin of- Patrick Henry; the latter, of Welsh and Scotch ancestry, was a descendant of Lord De la Ware, and Sir Alex ander Spottswood, both colonial governors of Virginia. During the war, Mrs. Gregg was ,with her husband when he was stationed at Port Hudson, and also in Richmond, Va., when her husband was a member of the Con federate congress. After the war, she lived in Aberdeen, Miss., until her death. She was buried with military honors, the only case on record of a woman in private life being so honored. Last residence: Texas. GREGG, M. G., lawyer, living In 1913. Resi dence: Birmingham. GREGG, ROBERT HENRY, planter, was born March 7, 1790, in Marion District, S. C, and died June 23, 1862, at Lower Peach Tree; son of John and Eleanor (McKnight) Gregg^ the former a native of Georgetown District, S. C, a private soldier in the company com manded by his brother, Capt. James Gregg, in the Revolutionary War, and the grandson of an immigrant from North Ireland, who set tled in Williamsburg District, S. C. Mr. Gregg graduated on December 3, 1810, at South Caro lina college with an A. B. degree. He was a democrat, and a Presbyterian. Married: Jan uary 13, 1812, in Chesterfield District, S. C, to Elizabeth Hicks, daughter of William and Lucy (Hicks) Strother, who lived near Cheraw on the Pee Dee River, the former a member THOMAS E. LOVEJOY DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 707 of the second provisional congress of S. C, August, 1775; member first general assembly of South Carolina, March-April, 1776; and sheriff of Cheraw District, 1779, the latter the daughter of Col. George Hicks of Marlboro, Cheraw District, S. C. and Sarah James (Gard ner) Hicks. Col. Hicks was a member also of the first general assembly of South Caro lina, chairman of "Committee of Safety for St. David's Parish;" captain of Cheraw Troop, 1762; major in Powell's regiment, South Caro lina troops, during the revolution, colonel of Hick's regiment, Mcintosh brigade, 1779-81. His wife was the daughter of Rev. Philip James, born 1701, at Pennepenic, Pa., died 1753 at Cheraw, S. C; and granddaughter of James James of Wales, who emigrated to America and died November 21, 1769, in Cheraw Dis trict, S. C. Children: 1. Strother Robert, 2. Lucy Anne, m. Philip Pendleton Gaines, de ceased. 3. Oliver H. P., m. Miss McCaskey, deceased; 4. Elizabeth Eleanor, died young; 5. Jane Margaret, m. W. E. Powe, deceased, 6-11, all died young; 12. Sarah Strother, m. Jo. Robins, now living at Lower Peach Tree, Wilcox County. Last residence: Lower Peach Tree. GREGG, SAMUEL, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 77, and a resident of Law rence County; private Virginia Militia; en rolled on April 23, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $33.33; sums received to date of publication of list, $99.99. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. GREGORY, OLIVER FULLER, Baptist min ister, for a number of years a resident of Ala bama, was born March 7, 1844, at Charleston, S. C, son of Ferdinand Munson and Sarah Ann Brown (Fuller) Gregory, of Bridgeport, Conn., and Charleston, S. C, respectively, and the former a soldier in the C. S. Army. Dr. Gregory received his early education in the public and private schools of Charleston; en listed in the Charleston Zouave cadets, 1860, which cut short a college course; received the honorary degree of D. D. from Howard col lege, Birmingham, 1887; after the war, took up the study of ministry, licensed to preach, 1870; has held pastorates in many states, in cluding churches at Eufaula, 1877-78, Tusca loosa, 1879, and Montgomery, 1902-05; and is now connected with the Maryland Baptist mis sion association. Married: March 6, 1866, at Charleston, S. C, to Kezia Ann, daughter of John and Margaret Lee Lawrence (Smith) Hobson, of that place. Children: 1. Oliver Pritchard, minister, d. February 1, 1897, m. Anna Belle Bowling, of Baltimore; issue: 1. Lee Fuller, m. Annie Sightler, of Montgomery; 2. Edwin Robertson; 3. Ruth Annabel. Resi dence: Govans, Md. GREIL, GASTON J., physician, was bora January 21, 1878, at Montgomery; son of Jacob and Mena (Lobman) Greil (q. v.). Dr. Greil obtained his early education in the public schools of Montgomery; graduated from the Alabama polytechnic institute, B. S., 1897; in 1901, completed his medical course and grad uated at the College of physicians and sur geons, of Columbia university, N. Y.; from 1901 to 1903 was in Harlem division of Belle vue hospital; and 1903-04 continued his studies in Vienna, Austria. He began the practice in Montgomery in October 1905; was city health officer, 1905-09; was surgeon, with the rank of captain, of the First Alabama artillery, 1908-11; and was one of the founders of the Montgomery anti-tuberculosis league, of which he was president for years. He is a Demo crat; a member Hebrew Congregation Kahl Montgomery; a Mason; a Shriner; and a Knight of Pythias. He is the author of papers on medical topics, school hygiene and kindred subjects. Married: October 9, 1912, in Mont gomery, to Cecile, daughter of Jacques and Selina (Weil) Loeb (q. v.). Children: 1. Jacqueline; 2. Gaston, jr. Residence: Mont gomery. GREIL, JACOB, wholesale grocer, was born February 28, 1839, in Bohemia, and died March 19, 1900; son of Solomon and Sarah (Long) Greil, natives of Bohemia, who came to America about 1872, and were parents of six children: Nathan, of Montgomery; Jacob, of Montgom ery; Lewis, of Selma; Benjamin, of Charles ton, S. C; Kate, who married Max Naum, of Montgomery; and Lena, who married Joseph Leiter, of Montgomery. He was educated prin cipally in Bohemia; came to America in 1856; was a clerk at West Point, Ga., for two years; located in Chambers County, where he clerked until 1860; and went into the dry goods busi ness at Milltown. At the outbreak of the War of Secession, he enlisted in the C. S. Army, becoming fourth sergeant of Co. D, Fourteenth Alabama infantry regiment, then commanded by Col. Thomas JUdge, and afterward by Col. Bayne. After two years' service, he was made commissary sergeant, serving as such until February, 1864, and taking part, in the battles of Williamsburg, Va., Seven Pines, seven days' fight around Richmond, second Bull Run, An tietam, Frazier's Farm and many minor skir mishes. At the end of the war, he was acting commissary with the rank of captain. After leaving the service, he settled at Montgomery; entered the retail grocery business in which he remained until 1872, then went Into the whole sale grocery business with his brother, Nathan Greil. He served twelve years as alderman of Montgomery, and at one time was commis sary of the Second regiment, Alabama state troops, with the rank of captain. He was vice-president of the Farley National Bank; president and vice-president of the National Building & Loan Association; director in the Capital City Insurance Company; director In the Bank of Montgomery; president of the Commercial Industrial Association of Mont gomery; and president and founder of the Peo ple's Cotton Mill. He was a Mason; had been grand master of exchequer of the grand lodge of Knights of Pythias of Alabama ; was a mem ber of the A. O. U. W.; the American Legion of Honor; the National Union; and a trustee of the Elks. Married: in 1871, Mena Lobman, 708 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY daughter of Henry Lobman, of Montgomery. Children: 1. Naham Jacob, b. August 7, 1869, wholesale merchant, vice-president of the Greil Brothers Company, of Montgomery, m. De cember 15, 1898, Anna Roman, Montgomery; 2. Benjamin Sidney, b. November 17, 1873, merchant, m. February 16, 1898, at Mobile, Miriam Forcheimer, Montgomery; 3. Terry Tilden; 4. Gaston (q. v.), physician and surgeon, was graduated, B. S., 1897, and M. D., from the college of physicians and surgeons, Columbia university, New York City, became house physician and surgeon of the Harlem division Bellevue hospital, New York City, and city physician at Montgomery, Montgomery; 5. Mamie; 6. Blanche; 7. Stella; 8. Lottie; 9. Juliette. Last residence: Montgomery. GREWER, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 42, resided in Cherokee County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. GRIFFIN, A. B., member of the constitu tional convention, 1865, from Russell County. GRIFFIN, ALBERT, member of the constitu tional convention of 1867, from the first elec toral district, which included Mobile County. Later he removed to Manhattan, Kansas. GRIFFIN, GOODMAN GRIFFITH, physician and planter, was born in Pendleton District, S. C, about 1808, and died in Demopolis, July 30, 1863; son of James Griffin, who early settled in old Pendleton. He was educated in the local schools; prepared himself as a physician; removed to Alabama about 1830; located first at Tuscaloosa; and later removed to Demopo lis for the practice of his profession. With the passing years he added planting to his professional activities. He was president and assisted in promoting the Alabama & Mis sissippi rivers railroad from Selma to York, now a part of the Southern railway system. He was a Democrat; a Baptist, but attended the Episcopal church; and a trustee of Judson college. Married: February 10, 1831, to Willey Ann, daughter of Allen and Sarah (Norwood) Glover (q. v.). Children: 1. Norman Allen, d. unmarried; 2. Mary Elizabeth, d. unmarried; 3. Willey Glover, m. Walter Winn (q. v.); 4. James Francis, m. (1) Annie Strudwick, and (2) Willey Glover Eaton, the parents of Good man G. Griffin, jr. (q. v.); 5. Goodman Glover, died in the C. S. Army, 1864. Last residence: Demopolis. GRIFFIN, GOODMAN GRIFFITH, JR., law yer, was born February 18, 1869, at Demopolis; son of James Francis and Willey Glover (Eaton) Griffin, the former a native of De mopolis; a lieutenant in the C. S. Army; planter; member of the Alabama State senate, 1884; and afterward mayor of Demopolis for one term; grandson of Dr. Goodman G. and Willey Ann (Glover) Griffin (q. v.), and of Thomas R. and Sarah Ann Eaton, of Dayton. Judge Griffin received his academic education in Demopolis; granduated in law at the Uni versity of Alabama, LL. B., 1908; immediately entered upon the practice of his profession in Demopolis; on December 16, 1910, was ap pointed by Gov. Comer, judge of the city court of Demopolis for a term of two years; was for six years previous to this a member of the board of registrars of Marengo County, but resigned upon accepting the judgeship; enlisted as a private in Co. K, Second regiment Alabama volunteer infantry, Spanish-American War; was promoted during the first month of service to company quartermaster, serving directly under Capt. W. J. Vaiden, and was honorably mustered out of service in Mont gomery in October, 1898. He is an Episco palian; an Odd Fellow; and a Woodman of the World. Married: February 14, 1910, at Linden to Mary Annie, daughter of Joe Scott and Julia (Wilburn) Quinney, who lived at Old Spring Hill, Marengo County. Children: Goodman G., jr. Residence: Demopolis. GRIFFIN, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 97, resided in Pike County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. GRIFFIN, JOHN THOMAS, county commis sioner and legislator, was born October 25, 1863, at Abbeville, Henry County; son of Dempsy and Eliza (Clenny) Griffin, the former was a native of South Carolina, and served four years in the C. S. Army; grandson of Reuben and Rebecca (Galloway) Clenny, of Henry County, and of Thomas Griffin of South Carolina. He was edu cated in the common schools. For five years he has been county commissioner; four years justice of the peace; and represented Henry County in the legislature of 1919. He is a Democrat; and a Mason. Married: Margaret Varina, daughter of Richard Thomas and Mit- tie (Culver) Hudspeth, of Henry County. Res idence: Abbeville. GRIFFIN, SANDERS JACKSON, lawyer and legislator, was born January 14, 1863, at Van Wert, Polk County, Ga.; son of William and Martha (Ragsdale) Griffin, the former a farmer of Polk County, Ga., enlisted in the 70th Georgia regiment, C. S. Army, dying of small pox in Richmond, 1864; grandson of David and Laney Griffin, who went from North Carolina to Polk County, Ga., settling on the Euharlie Creek, where they resided many years, trading with the Indians, and of Sanders and Sallie (Haygood) Ragsdale, of Dallas, Paulding County, Ga. He was educated in the schools of Polk and Carroll Counties, Ga., and at Blounts ville college; taught several years in the public schools. While living at Cullman he read law, was admitted to the practice, 1899, at that place, and served as solicitor pro tem of Cull man County, 1900. In August of that year he was elected to the house of representatives from Cullman County; appointed solicitor, 1901, for Cullman County; now engaged in the practice of law. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: (1) December 27, 1885, to Lucy A., only daughter of G. I. Bowden; (2) October 12, 1902, to Mrs. Lizzie A. Mitchell (nee Garrison) of Cullman, daugh ter of Jackson Garrison, a native of Carroll County, Ga., but now a resident of Cullman. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 709 Children: by the first wife, 1. Willie B., m. Netta J., daughter of Gov. Thomas G. Jones (q. v.) ; 2. Carrie Eugenia, m. F. J. Bookman, probate judge. Residence: Cullman. GRIFFIN, VIRGIL CHILDERS, sr., secre tary Alabama railroad commission, clerk of the U. S. district court, Southern district, was bora January 16, 1862, at New Georgia, Elmore County; son of Bennett S. and Martha (Hodges) Griffin, who lived at Wetumpka, the former a Confederate soldier, who served through the four years of the War of Secession ; grandson of Bennett Smith and Martha (Mit chell) Griffin of Montgomery County, and of John A. and Martha (Foster) Hodges of Tusca loosa. He was educated in the public schools of Montgomery and Tuscaloosa, and in the preparatory school of Dill and Foster. He was secretary of the Alabama railroad com mission of Alabama for a number of years and has been, since 1917, clerk of the U. S. dis trict court, Southern district. He is a Demo crat; Mason; and a Presbyterian. Married: April 29, 1890, at Montgomery, Mary Lee, daughter of Eugene T. and Sallie (Graves) Besson, formerly of Eufaula, but latterly of Montgomery. Children: 1. Virgil Childers, jr., lieutenant commander, U. S. Navy, Air service; 2. Eugenia Judkins, m. Elisha J. Cain, Wet umpka; 3. Sarah Graves, deputy clerk, U. S. district court, Mobile; 4. Tennent Lomax, Mo bile. Residence: Mobile. GRIFFIN, WOODWARD ELI, lawyer, was born August 7, 1866, at Clayton, Barbour County; son of Nicholas Woodward and Mary Elizabeth (Ford) Griffin, the former a soldier in the C. S. Army, during the War of Seces sion, mayor of Troy, and a member of the Ala bama legislature from Pike County; grandson of John Griffin, and of Eli and Jane Ford. He obtained his early education from the com mon schools of Troy and Brundidge, and was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., A. M., and LL. B., June, 1887. He be came principal of Grammar school, Troy, 1887-1888; served as superintendent of educa tion of Pike County, 1888-1890; as professor of Latin, Troy State normal college, 1889- 1890; as superintendent of Troy public schools, 1891-1893; as principal of Public school No. 1, Pensacola, Fla., 1893-1898; and as principal of a public school at Ocala, Fla., 1899-1900. Since 1901, he has been engaged in the prac tice of law. He was a member of the city council of Troy for some time; a member of the board of education of the city of Troy; and chairman of the executive committee of the city of Troy. He was captain in the W. C. Oates rifles at Troy; is a Democrat and a Mason. Married: November 17, 1897, Esther Tillis, daughter of Richard and Ophelia Tillis, who lived at Geneva. Residence: Troy. GRIFFITH, AQUILLA A., lawyer, was born February 22, 1878, at Blountsville; son of Coke A. and Barbara Allen (Diehl) Griffith, the former a native of Ellijay, Gilmore County, Ga., who served in a Georgia regiment in the C. S. Army, moved to Blount County after the war, and later located in Birmingham; grandson of Wiles A. and Hannah Griffith, of Gilmore County, Ga., and Blount County, and of Marcus Diehl of Gilmore County, Ga. He received his early education at Blountsville, and was grad uated from the law school at Cumberland uni versity, Lebanon, Tenn., LL. B., 1902-1903. He was admitted to practice in the circuit court of Jefferson County, June 1, 1903, and since that time has practiced in Cullman County. He was elected to the State legislature as a representative from Cullman County, 1911. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Odd Fellow; Mason; and Red Man. Married: May 12, 1904, at Cull man, to Lillie Johnson, daughter of George W. and Mary J. (Kinney) Johnson, of Cullman. Residence: Cullman. GRIGGS, HOWARD, superintendent of city schools. Residence : Jacksonville. GRIGGS, WILLIAM CORNELIUS, teacher, was born April 16, 1873, in Mill Town, Chambers County; son of Thomas Jefferson and Mary Lou (Connally) Griggs, the former who served in the Confederacy having enlisted March 22, 1861, for twelve months, was sent to Pensacola, Fla., wounded at Battle of Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, 1862, was only survivor of a family of sev eral brothers, and died from effects of wound March 18, 1884 on a farm in Chambers County. Mr. Griggs boasts Scotch ancestry and his an cestors had a prominent part in all this coun try's military history, some were pioneers and endured hardships incident to pioneer life, and among them were numbered teachers, physi cians and lawyers. He received his education in the rural schools, the Lafayette school, later attended Howard college from which he was graduated A. B., in 1898, and took post graduate work in University of Chicago. Taught schools in small towns of state, 1898 to 1907; was prin cipal Henley school, Birmingham, 1907-12; su perintendent of schools of Gadsden since 1912; teacher summer school University of Alabama, 1907, 1917-1920; and was state institute conduc tor during the summers of 1912-1917. He was secretary of the Alabama Educational Associa tion, 1904-1916; member of the executive com mittee, 1917-1919; and president of that organ ization 1919-1920. He is a Democrat; York and Scottish Rite Mason; and deacon of First Bap tist church, Gadsden. He organized the Gads den Rotary Club and was its president 1917- 1918, and in 1917 he organized the Huntsville Rotary Club. Mr. Griggs has never married. Residence: Gadsden. GRISWOLD, JOSEPH G., professor of mod ern languages at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, 1871-72. GROCE, B. W., physician, was born Febru ary 12, 1820, in Lincoln County, Ga.; son of Shepherd and Susan (Steele) Groce, natives of North Carolina, the former of Scotch-Irish ancestry. His parents died when he was very young, and his early educational advantages were very limited. In 1839, he began reading medicine under Dr. E. Lamar, and afterward attended the Georgia medical college, where 710 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY he was graduated, M. D., 1842. He immedi ately went to Talladega County, established himself in the practice of medicine, and con tinued that practice through forty-eight years. He was elected to the State legislature from Talladega County, by the Whig party in 1849, and served one term; was an elector on the Bell and Everett ticket in 1860; was elected senator from Talladega County, 1861-1865; was elected state lecturer for the Farmers' Alli ance party in 1888, and served in that capacity for three years; and was elected president of the Farmers' Alliance party of Alabama in 1892. He is an Episcopalian and a Mason. Married: (1) June 1, 1841, Jane Lamar, a native of Georgia, who died two months after her marriage, daughter of Capt. Peter Lamar, of Georgia; (2) October 3, 1843, Caroline B. McElderry, born May 4, 1824, in Morgan County, and died December 24, 1858, daughter of Thomas and Eliza (Boteler) McElderry; (3) October 12, 1859, Ann E. Boteler, born May 15, 1836, in Morgan County, daughter of Alexander and Matilda (McElderry) Boteler. Children, by second marriage: 1. Thomas J.; 2. George C; 3. William M.; 4. John S.; and four who are deceased; by third marriage: 9. Mary L.; 10. Robert Lee; 11. Martha C; 12. Ida McElderry and three who are deceased. Last residence: Talladega County. GROGAN, JAMES OSGOOD, Methodist min ister, and Alabama secretary of Inter-church world movement, was born February 15, 1871, at Flatswoods, Elbert County, Ga. ; son of John Henry and Fannie E. (McLaughlin) Grogan, the former a native of Spartanburg County, S. C, who removed to Georgia in his early boy hood and when reaching maturity entered the Methodist ministry, serving both as pastor and presiding elder for many years; grandson of 'George and Mary (Hall)? McLaughlin, who lived at Center, Oglethorpe County, Ga. The Grogan ancestry was Irish. The McLaughlins were Scotch-Irish. Dr. Grogan received his early education in the country schools of his native state; attended for six months, the high school of Elberton, Ga. His ministerial train ing was received by private reading of the pre scribed theological courses of his denomina tion. He entered the Methodist ministry in 1895, as a member of the North Georgia con ference, where he served pastorates for six teen years. In December, 1911, he was trans ferred to the Alabama conference and stationed in Montgomery, at the Court St. church. Dur ing the World war he did social service work among the soldiers, and after the armistice went abroad in that capacity. In 1920, he was ap pointed as Alabama secretary of the Inter- church world movement. He is a Democrat; Methodist; and a Mason. Married: October 26, 1892, in Elbert County, Ga., to Rebecca Elizabeth, daughter of Frank and Mary (Dob bins) Shirley, who lived in Anderson County, S. C, the former a Confederate soldier, serving four years in Stuart's cavalry. Children: 1. Margaret Eugenia, m. Richard Rizer Walker, deceased; 2. Mary Elizabeth; 3. Ruth Shirley; 4. Dorothy; 5. Louise Duncan; 6. Katherine. Residence: Birmingham. GROTE, CARL AUGUST, physician, county health officer, was bom April 20, 1887, at Greensboro; son of Charles August and Flos sie G. (Smith) Grote, who lived at Greens boro; grandson of Rev. Charles A. Grote, a native of Germany, who came to America in 1845, settled at Galveston, Tex., where he married a Miss Reue, was a Lutheran at the time of his arrival in this country, but sub sequently joined the Methodist Episcopal church, South, and was admitted into the Texas Conference in 1848; became a member of the Texas and Louisiana German Mission Conference in 1870, continuing a member of that body until the time of his death, had charge of the Craps Street church in New Orleans for three years, during the war was presiding elder in Texas and held that office for seven years, and died November 18, 1887; and of Rev. Luther L. Smith, D. D. (q. v.), of Oxford, Ga., who was at one time president of Southern university. His father was grad uated from Southern university, A. M., 1875; continued his studies in New Orleans, and in Harvard college; began teaching at Fred ericksburg, Tex., in 1868; was a professor in Soule university, Texas, in 1876, and in the fall of that year, became professor of modern languages at Southern university; in 1881, was appointed county superintendent of schools, and held that office for many years. Dr. Grote was prepared in the public schools of Greensboro; was graduated from Southern university, A. B., in 1908, and from the school of medicine of the University of Alabama, M. D., 1912. He immediately began to practice medicine, and from the time of his gradua tion has served as a health official. He has been field agent of the state board of health, health officer of Walker County for four years, and health officer of Huntsville and Madison County for two years. He was the first health officer elected to give his entire time and ef fort to his office, in Alabama. He began the work in 1914 in Walker County, and soon after, as the plan of work was shown so feasi ble and the results in saving of human lives so certain, many other counties in Alabama, and other states of the South began the work. In 1918, Dr. Grote was elected to take charge of a model county health unit in Madison County, to be supported by the city of Hunts ville and the United States public health serv ice. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Master Mason. Residence: Huntsville. GRUBB, WILLIAM IRWIN, lawyer and Fed eral district judge, was born March 8, 1862, in Cincinnati, Ohio; son of John and Sidney (Ir win) Grubb; grandson of Thomas Grubb, and of Archibald and Sidney (Grubb) Irwin, all of Mercersburg, Franklin County, Pa.; great- grandson of Archibald Irwin, quartermaster of Col. Samuel Culbertoon's battalion in the War of the Revolution. Elizabeth, one of the daugh ters of Archibald and Mary (Ramsey) Irwin, married John Scott Harrison, son of President William Henry Harrison, and was the mother of President Benjamin Harrison. The Grubbs were of English stock, coming early from Corn wall, England, to Lancaster County, Pa. The DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 711 Irwins were from Ireland and came prior to 1760, to Cumberland County, Pa. Judge Grubb was educated in the public schools of Cincin nati; graduated A. B., 1883, from Yale univer sity, and secured his professional education in the Cincinnati law school. He began the prac tice in Birmingham in 1888, and prior to his appointment to the bench had been at various times associated with Walker Percy, Hugh Morrow, and other members of the Birmingham bar. On May 18, 1909, he was appointed judge of the United States circuit court by President Taft. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: June 18, 1906, at Birmingham, Alice C, daughter of Donimic and Julia Vigo, of Tus caloosa. Children: 1. Catherine; 2. Archibald Irwin. Residence: Birmingham. GRUBBS, L. HENSLY, publisher and editor, was bom September 28, 1838, at| Pulaski, Tenn.; son of Thomas Washington and Lucy (D. (Brown) Grubbs, natives of Brunswick County, Va., who moved to Giles County, Tenn., soon after their marriage, and lived on a farm there for the rest of their lives, the former was sheriff, collector and census taker of that county; grandson of Ezekiel Grubbs, who served in the Revolution. He spent his boyhood on the farm; was employed in a dry goods store in Pulaski, Tenn., when he was twelve years old; spent two years in La Grange college; and moved to Leighton in 1852, where he was employed in a dry goods store, in a railroad office, and as assistant postmaster. In April, 1856, he was licensed to preach in the Methodist Episcopal church, South, and remained in the itinerant ministry fourteen years. He located in Decatur in 1872, and engaged in the drug business until 1886. He established the Decatur Weekly "News" In 1873, which was the only paper published in that city until 1885. He was appointed post master at Decatur, March 27, 1885, by Presi dent Cleveland, and the following year was chosen president of the first national conven tion of postmasters, held in Chicago, 111. He is a stockholder in the Decatur Land, Improve ment & Furnace Company, and the Morgan County Building & Loan Association. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, of the Knights of Pythias, the Knights of Honor and the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and is connected as a state officer in each of those societies. Married: March 20, 1860, at Cor- nersville, Tenn., Mary J. Perry, daughter of Rev. Francis A. and Rhoda (Thompson) Perry. Children: 1. Minnie Lou Hense, m. B. H. Lam bert, of New York City; 2. Walter Marvin; 3. Lelia Virginia; 4. Nona Aline; and three) daughters who are deceased. Residence: De catur. I GUESS, BENJAMIN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 77, and a resident of Fayette County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on June 16, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $66.66. — Revolutionary Pen sion Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Fayette County, June 1, 1840, with Jesse Howard, aged 83. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. GUILD, JAMES, physician, surgeon, and leg islator, was born July 25, 1799, in Pittsylvania County, Va., and died February 12, 1884, at Tuscaloosa; son of Maj. Walter and Elizabeth (Conn) Guild, the former a native of Scotland who came to America about 1780, locating in Sumner County, Tenn. Losing their parents at an early age, Dr. Guild and his brother, Judge Joseph Guild, of Nashville, were reared by their maternal uncle, Maj. Joseph Conn, a soldier under Gen. Andrew Jackson in the In dian War of 1813. Dr. Guild graduated from Transylvania university, Lexington, Ky., in 1821, with the degree of M. D. Soon after wards he moved to Tuscaloosa, where he be gan the practice of his profession and was con tinuously engaged in the active practice for sixty-three years. He accomplished great feats in the field of operative surgery and as a litho- tomist enjoyed national reputation. He was a member of the State senate, 1833, and the house of representatives, 1845. He was a trus tee of the State insane hospital and of the Uni versity of Alabama. He was a Methodist. Mar ried: in March, 1821, in Tennessee, to Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Marmaduke and Agnes (Payne) Williams (q. v.). Children: 1. Ketu- rah, m. (1) Billingsley; (2-) Rev. Dr. W. H. Mcintosh; 2. Joseph Conn (q. v.) ; 3. LaFayette (q. v.); 4. Mary Elizabeth, m. Dr. A. J. Battle (q. v.) ; 5. James, surgeon, C. S. Army, m. M. Bennett; 6. Virginia, m.. Dr. John Edward Hall, surgeon, C. S. Army; 7. Walter, lieutenant, C. S. Army, deceased; 8. Ellen, m. C. Browning. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. GUILD, JOSEPH C, mayor of Tuscaloosa, 1850-54-66. GUILD, LaFAYETTE, physician, chief sur geon arid medical director on the staff of Gen. Robert E. Lee, C. S. Army, was born November 23, 1825, at Tuscaloosa, and died July 4, 1870, at Marysville, Calif.; son of James and Mary Elizabeth (Williams) Guild (q. v.). His early education was secured in the local schools of the period, and in 1845 he graduated from the University of Alabama with the A. B. degree, receiving the A. M. degree in 1848. He read medicine under the direction of his father, and graduated from Jefferson medical college, Phila delphia, 1848. He was later a pupil of the cele brated Dr. Phil Aylette of New York, who was his wife's uncle. In 1849 he entered the U. S. Army as assistant surgeon, and remained in that branch of the service until 18B0 when he resigned to return to Alabama and participate with his relatives in the political storm then brewing. He entered the Confederate Army in 1861, as inspector of hospitals, and was in 1862 made chief surgeon and medical director of the Army of Northern Virginia, and a member of Gen. Robert E. Lee's staff, to the close of the War of Secession. After the restoration of peace, Dr. Guild located in Mobile, where he was quarantine physician from 1866 to 1869. During the latter year, owing to rheumatism 712 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY which he had contracted from exposure in the line of his duty during the war, he removed to San Francisco, Calif., where he was made visit ing surgeon of the city and county hospital. Just prior to the outbreak of war between the States, Dr. Guild was stationed in Oregon, attached to the famous 2nd cavalry regiment, U. S. Army, of which Albert Sidney Johnston was colonel, Robert E. Lee, lieutenant colonel, Earl Van Dorn, and W. G. Hardee, majors and to which J. E. B. Stuart, Fitzhugh Lee, and George H. Thomas were also attached. He was a Democrat. . Author : a large body of literature relating to his profession contributed to the medical department of the U. S. Army, the orig inal manuscripts of which have probably been lost. His report on the yellow fever epidemic at Governor's Island, N. Y., 1856, created wide spread interest throughout the country, not only because of its value as a scientific contri bution to the history of the disease, but also because of its charm of diction and appeal to the interest of the laity. Married: in 1851, at Mobile, to Martha Aylette, daughter of John and Virginia (Aylette) Fitts (q. v.). Children: There were no children born of this union, but with great kindness they reared two Indian youths given into their care while stationed in the west. Last residence: San Francisco, Calif. GULLETT, A. H., member of the constitu tional convention of 1875, from Wilcox County. GULLETT, GEORGE SAMUEL, planter, was born March 17, 1819, at Carney's Bluff, Clarke County, and died at Camden, February 14, 1885; son of George Samuel and Mary Fee (Eads) Gullett, the former a native of La Belle, France, who came to this country in 1804, landing at Charleston, S. C, then to Boston, and later in 1817 to Alabama, as a trader, and as a soldier; brother of John Eads Gullett (q. v.) ; grandson of Lord Waitman and Eloise (De Rochers) Gullett, of France, and of John and Mary Ann (Fee) Eads, the former of whom lived at the time of his death in Wilcox County. Mr. Gullett received his early education from his mother, and entered school at Maryville, Tenn., where he prose cuted his academic studies; read law at Clai borne, but his planting interests were so ex tensive that, he gave up his professional aspira tions to devote himself exclusively to agri culture. He was a member of the legislature from Wilcox County in 1861, and 1876-77. He was a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Mason. Married: in 1842, to Elizabeth, daughter of Nathan and Sarah Ann (Blackmon) McPher son, who lived near Camden, and granddaugh ter of Dr. Thomas Blackmon, who came from Holland to Virginia, was a surgeon in the Rev olutionary War, and afterwards settled in South Carolina, later removing to Wilcox County. Children: 1. Audubon, a physician, deceased, Plant City, Fla.; 2. William, physi cian, Jackson; 3. Jerry A., m. Neil Davis, Im perial City, Calif.; 4. Mary, m. Sam C. Cook, Montgomery; 5. Sarah, m. Alex Nolen, Flint. Last residence: Camden. GULLETT, JOHN EADS, planter, was born August 20, 1816, in an Indian fort on the Ala bama River, near Choctaw Bluff, Clarke County and died March 21, 1899, at Camden; son of George Samuel and Mary Fee (Eads) Gullett, and brother of George Samuel Gullett (q. v.)! He received his early education from his mother and in 1835 attended the University of Alabama as a member of the freshman class. He was a second lieutenant in the U. S. Army in the Florida Indian Wars; member of the board of revenue and of the court of county commissioners of Wilcox County, planter and slave-owner. At the time of his death he was the oldest native-born Alabamian living in the State. He celebrated his golden-wedding eleven years prior to his death. He was a Democrat; a Baptist; Mason; and an Odd Fel low. Married: May 1, 1839, to Rebecca Jane, daughter of Thomas and Charlotte (Murch) Blackmon, who lived in Darlington District, S. C, before removing to Camden; granddaugh ter of Murch, a German, who built the Murch Inn, that still stands on the Battery of Charleston, S. C, and of Dr. Thomas Black mon, surgeon in the American Revolution. Children: 1. Minnie M., m. (1) Molette Ulmer, Pleasant Hill, (2) W. P. Murphy, of South Carolina; 2. Lucy Caroline ("Tiney"); 3. Amelia E., m. (1) Dr. P. L. Ulmer, Pleasant Hill, (2) Capt. N. D. Cross, of Selma; 4. John Eads, physician, m. Jennie Tidwell; 5. Martha M., m. James J. Ulmer; 6. Frank Grayson, lawyer, student at the University of Alabama, 1871-73, died at San Antonio, Texas; 7. Wm. Ervin, m. (1) Mamie Cope, (2) Victoria Gie- ger, Jacksonville, Fla.; 8. Rebecca J., m. Dr. C. C. Jones, Birmingham. Last residence: Camden. GULLEY, EZEKIEL S., major and later lieu tenant colonel, 40th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. GULLEY, WILLIAM, physician, was born March 26, 1823, near Belleville, Conecuh County, and died January 10 1872, at Snow Hill; son of James and Mary (Simpson) Gulley who lived at Snow Hill, the former of whom was a native of Buford County, N. C, who accumu lated large wealth in land and slaves; grand son of William Gulley, and of Thomas and Rachel Simpson, of Belleville. He was grad uated from Jefferson medical college, Phila delphia, Pa., M. D., March 4, 1846, and devoted the remainder of his life to the practice of med icine at Snow Hill. He was a Democrat. Married: November 17, 1846, at Snow Hill, Mary Watts McCondichie, daughter of Jay and Sarah (Patton) McCondichie, who lived at Snow Hill. Children: 1. Elizabeth Anne, m. R. O. Simpson, of Snow Hill. Last resi dence: Snow Hill. GUN-MERCHANT, Creek Chief. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. GUNN, GEORGE W., lawyer and Baptist minister, was elected to the State senate from Macon County, to succeed Mr. Scott. He DR. HARRY T. INGE DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 715 served a term of four years, and during that time was chairman of the judiciary committee. He was a Whig, and at that time his party had the ascendancy in the senate, affording him, in his position, a wide field of action as a debater and as a leader in business. On the death of Nathaniel H. Clanton, the senator from Macon County in 1855, Mr. Gunn was elected his successor, and served through the balance of the term. He was a lawyer and Baptist minister, practicing both professions in Macon County. Last residence: Macon County. GUNN, NORMAN, lawyer, was born June 28, 1868, at Springs, Clark County, Miss.; son of Henry Sabert and Margaret Dicy (Griffin) Gunn, the former a native of Greene County, Miss., who was a first lieutenant of his com pany during the War of Secession and was wounded at the battle of Atlanta, was a Meth odist minister, moved from Clarke County, Miss., to Bergamot, Choctaw County, in 1880, and in 1892 moved to Thomasville, Clarke County; grandson of John and Willery (Snell- grove) Gunn, of North Carolina, and of John and Harriet (Connor) Griffin, who came from Savannah, Ga., to Greene County, Miss., and later moved to Clarke County, Miss. Mr. Gunn attended school at Pushmataha and at Rosser, Sumter County, but received the greater part of his early education at home. He was grad uated from the Lexington normal college, Lexington, Miss., B. S., 1892; and from the law school of the University of Alabama, LL. B., 1896. He taught school in Thomasville, 1892-1896 ; began the practice of law at Thomas ville, June, 1896, and has continued his pro fession there; served as mayor of Thomasville, 1896-1898; county solicitor in Clarke County, 1904-1907; and was elected to the State senate from the nineteenth district in 1907. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a Royal Arch Mason; a thirty-second degree Mason and a Shriner. Residence: Thomasville. GUNNELS, DANIEL P., merchant and planter, was born October 6, 1823, near Bold Spring, Franklin County, Ga.; son of Nathan and Nancy (Hunt) Gunnels, natives respec tively of Wilkes and Franklin Counties, Ga., the former who moved to Franklin County early in life, settling on a plantation there, was an officer in the War of 1836, a member of the Georgia constitutional convention, and died in 1870 at Atlanta. He was reared on the home farm; received an academic education; and in 1845 located at Boiling Springs, Cal houn County, where he was for several years a clerk in a mercantile establishment. After some time, he purchased an interest with his employer, and still later, became sole owner of the concern. He moved to Oxford in 1854, and continued in the mercantile business until 1872, with the exception of the period, 1862- 1865, when he suspended the mercantile busi ness and entered the employ of the Oxford Iron Company. After 1872, he gave most of his attention to planting. He was a mem ber of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, a Mason and an Odd Fellow. Married: March Vol. Ill— 46 1857, Susan E. Cunningham, daughter of Wil liam N. and Nancy E. (Pratt) Cunningham, natives of South Carolina. . Children: 1. Nancy E., m. Mr. Warnock; 2. John N; 3. James N.; 4. Esther L.; 5. Elmira P.; 6. Henry C, who was state superintendent of education of Ala bama, 1907-1911; 7. Willie Francis. Last resi dence: Oxford. GUNNELS, HARRY CUNNINGHAM, lawyer, educator and State superintendent of education, was born October 1, 1868, at Oxford, Calhoun County, and died September 19, 1911; son of Daniel Perry and Susan E. (Cunningham) Gun nels; grandson of Nathan and Nancy (Hunt) Gunnels, and of William Newton and Nancy (Pratt) Cunningham. The Gunnels family came from Bold Spring, Franklin County, Ga., while the Cunninghams were among the early settlers of Benton, now Calhoun County. Mr. Gunnels was educated in the common schools of Oxford, and graduated A. B., 1886, from Ox ford college; took special course at Vanderbilt, and graduated, 1891, LL. B. at the University of Alabama. Although graduating in law, his whole life was devoted to educational work. In October, 1886, he began teaching as co-prin cipal of the Ashland high school; was later for two years professor of natural sciences and history in Oxford college; principal of the Anniston high school; superintendent of Annis ton city school, 1896-98; chief clerk in the de partment of education, 1899-1902; was ap pointed State superintendent of education, July 1, 1902, to succeed Dr. John W. Abercrombie, who was elected president of the University of Alabama; again appointed chief clerk, January, 1903, serving until January, 1907, when he entered upon a full term as superintendent of education by election. In 1900-01 he was a member of the house of representatives from Calhoun County, serving on the commitee on education, and was the author of the bill pro viding five months free schools. He was chair man of the committee on legislation of the Alabama educational association, 1905-6; mem ber and secretary of the Alabama education committee; and director for Alabama of the Southern educational association. He was suc cessively 1st lieutenant, and captain of Co. I, 2nd infantry regiment, Alabama national guard; and from 1896 to 1906 was inspector on the staff of Gen. L. V. Clark with the rank of Major. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; Mason; Shriner; and Knight of Pythias. Mar ried: November 25, 1895, to Ladie Emily, daughter of William and Louise (Carithers) Goss, of Commerce, Ga. Children: 1. Louise Elizabeth; 2. Edith Helen. Last residence: Montgomery. GUNTER, CHARLES GRANDISON, planter, was born February 28, 1806, in Chatham County, N. C, and died August 19, 1883, at Linhares, Rio Doce, Brazil. His father was a German who came to America when a young man and settled in Chatham County N. C, where he spent the remainder of his life. His name originally was Gunther, but he changed it to Gunter on arriving in this country. Mr. Gun ter attended the country schools of Chatham 716 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY County, N. C, and took up the study of law. He was admitted to practice, and came to Ala bama in 1833 with his family, settling on a plantation ten miles west of Montgomery on the east side of Pintlala Creek. He became a law partner of Mr. Chisholm in the law firm of Chisholm & Gunter, but abandoned the prac tice soon after, becoming a planter and a financier. He represented Montgomery County in the State legislature in 1847 and 1849, and introduced and pressed to passage the law securing to women their property against the marital rights of the husbands under com mon law. This law was known at first as "Gunter's law," and was the first and strong est step in Alabama in the emancipation of women. He was one of the organizers of the Montgomery True Blues, and was awarded a gold star as a mark of honor in 1851 by the company. During the War of Secession, he was captain of Co. A of old men. After peace was declared, he moved to Brazil, bought slaves, and remained a planter there until his death. He was a Whig. He assisted in build ing and maintaining the Baptist and Meth odist Episcopalian churches, and the Epis copalian school, Hamner Hall. He was past master of Masonry, Montgomery Lodge No. 11. Married: in 1831, at Cheraw, S. C, Eliza Ann Adams, daughter of John and Isabella (McCrea) Adams, of Richmond County, N. C; granddaughter of Mary (McLeod) McCrea. The McCrea, Adams and McLeod families all came from the Scotch settlement in Richmond County, N. C. Children: 1. George Thomas, b. November 24, 1832, m. Adella Smith, last residence, Lowndesboro, both deceased; 2. Wil liam Adams, lawyer, b. October 7, 1834, A. B., LL. B., University of Virginia 1856, m. Ellen F. Poellnitz, Montgomery, son, Charles Poell- nitz, A. B., dealer in real estate and insurance, b. February 11, 1865, Montgomery; 3. Hattie, m. P. H. McEachin, captain in the C. S. Army; 4. Harris, A. B., lawyer, b. April 27, 1847, m.- Kate Vassar, Montgomery; 5. Anna, m. in Brazil, A. J. Dozier, Madison, Fla.; 6. Basil Manly, d. in Brazil, at the age of thirty-nine years; 7. Mary E., m. F. H. Elmore, Mont gomery. Last residence: Linhares, Rio Doce, Brazil. GUNTER, GASTON, lawyer, was born No vember 7, 1874, at Montgomery, and died Jan uary 29, 1919, at Montgomery; brother of Wil liam Adams Gunter (q. v.). He attended the public schools of Montgomery; the Stevens school, Hoboken, N. J.; was graduated at the Sheffield scientific school of Yale university, Ph. B., 1893; studied law at the University of Virginia and in the office of his father, William Adams Gunter, at Montgomery; was admitted to the bar at Montgomery, 1895; practiced law at Montgomery; served as alderman of the city council of Montgomery, 1901-1906; was elected president of that council, 1905; represented Montgomery County in the State legislature in in 1906; was mayor of Montgomery, 1909-1910; became judge of the city court of Montgomery, and on the re-organization of the judiciary and the consolidation of the city and chancery courts in 1916, was chosen one of the judges of the fifteenth judicial circuit, in which position he served until his death. During the Spanish American war, he served as captain of Co. K, Third Alabama volunteer infantry, 1898-1899; and was first lieutenant of Troop A, squadron of cavalry, Alabama national guard, 1905-1906. He was a Democrat, a Mason, and a Beaver. Mr. Gunter was never married. Last residence: Montgomery. GUNTER, JOSEPH LEON, physician; gradu ate of Memphis hospital 1894, and located in Pickens County. Later he removed to New Decatur. GUNTER, WILLIAM ADAMS, planter, was born Otober 8, 1871, at Rambert Hills, Marengo County; son of William Adams and Ellen Flo rence (Poellnitz) Gunter, the former a native of Montgomery County, a lawyer, who served in the C. S. Army, and was at one time a repre sentative in the State legislature from Mont gomery County; grandson of Charles Grandi- son and Eliza (Adams) Gunter, the former who was one of the early settlers of Montgomery County, emigrating from North Carolina, and who moved to Brazil, S. A., after the War of Secession, and of Gen. Charles Augustus and Mary L. J. (Peay) Poellnitz, who came to Marengo County, from South Carolina; great- grandson of Julius and Elizabeth (Rogers) Von Pollnitz; great-great-grandson of Col. Benjamin Rogers, of South Carolina, a Revolutionary sol dier, and of Baron Charles Hans Frederick Bruno Von Poellnitz, who came to America in 1777 with Steuben and Kosciusko to render service in the Revolution. Mr. Gunter is a brother of Gaston Gunter (q. v.). He received his early education in the private schools and in the high school at Montgomery; attended Marion military institute for some time, and the University of Virginia, 1890-1891. He read law privately under his father, and was ad mitted to practice in 1897. In addition to his practice of law, he is a planter. He was elected register of Montgomery County, 1901-1904; mayor of Montgomery; 1910-1911; president of the city commission, 1911-1915; and was State senator from Montgomery, 1919. He was a mem ber of the Montgomery Rifles, 1894-1897. He is a Democrat, a Presbyterian, a Knight of Pythias, Woodman of the World, and a Red Man. Married: September 6, 1899, at Montgomery, to Julia Campbell Scott, daughter of John B. and Grace (Tyler) Scott, of Mt. Meigs. Children: 1. Grace Scott; 2. William Adams; 3. Ellen Poellnitz; 4. Mary Virginia; 5. Rosa Darring ton; 6. Julia Fairlie; 7. Elizabeth Tyler. Res idence : Montgomery. GURLEY, FRANK B., planter and merchant, was born August 8, 1834, on his father's plan tation near Gurley, Madison County; son of John and Matilda Tharp (Rutledge) Gurley, the former a native of Johnson County, N. C, a soldier in the Revolutionary Army, who after the Revolution resided for ten years in South Carolina, returned to Johnson County for ten years, after which he removed to Maury County, Tenn.; and thence in 1817 to DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 717 Madison County; grandson of Jeremiah and Frances Gurley, also of Johnson and Maury Counties, Tenn.; the former a colonel in the Revolutionary Army. Frank B. Gurley was a captain in Company C, Fourth Alabama cavalry regiment, having enlisted May 20, 1862. Capt. Gurley is a Democrat, and a Methodist. Un married. Residence: Gurley, Ala. GURLEY, JEREMIAH, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 75, and resident of Madi son County; private N. C. State Troops; en rolled on October 7, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $57.08; sums re ceived to date of publication of list, $171.24. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc, 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He re sided in Madison County, June 1, 1840, with John Gurley aged 81. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. GUTTERY, GEORGE HOUSTON, merchant, was born in Walker County; son of Robert and Sarah (Williams) Guttery (q. v.), the former a pioneer preacher of the Primitive Baptist church, and one of the first settlers of Walker County, who came with his father, William Guttery, to Alabama from Tennessee. He was reared on a farm; received his school ing at Jasper and Hollygrove; farmed until the outbreak of war in 1861; and entered the C. S. Army as a member of Co. A., Fifty-sixth Alabama regiment, with Capt. A. J. Guttery, his brother, commanding the company. He served in Forrest's command in Mississippi, with Johnston's army from Dalton to Atlanta, and in all the battles in which it participated until and including Peach Tree Creek. In 1866, he moved from Hollygrove to Jasper, began business as a merchant and continued to conduct that business until 1874, when he was elected sheriff of Walker County. He held that office for three years, and returned. to his mercantile business until April, 1888. The city of Jasper was incorporated Decem ber 22, 1887, and Mr. Guttery was elected its first mayor. He held that office for several terms. Married: in 1876, Alice C. Stanley, daughter of W. L. Stanley, one of the pioneers of Jasper, and treasurer of Walker County before and during the War of Secession. Chil dren: 1. Claude; 2. Pearl; 3. John McQueen. Last residence: Jasper. GUTTERY, ROBERT, farmer, Baptist min ister, was born in Lincoln County, Tenn., and died April 6 1877, at Holly Grove; son of William and Hannah Guttery, who lived in Lincoln County, Tenn., until they moved to Alabama with their family. He received a common school education, and was one of the first settlers in Walker County where he'farmed for many years. He was a Primitive Baptist minister, and was a merchant at Jasper and Holly Grove for several years. He was elected to the convention of 1861 as a delegate from Walker County and voted against secession at that convention. He was too old for mili tary service but had several sons in the C. S. Army. He was a Democrat. Married: Novem ber 11, 1821, Sarah Ann William. Children: all deceased except: 1. George Houston (q. v.) ; 2. Isam, who resides at DeLeon, Tex.; 3. Eliza beth Baker, who resides at Luling, Tex. Last residence: Holly Grove. GUY, RENZO MEADE, farmer and merchant; was born October 2, 1878, at Davenport, Lowndes County; son of Samuel Joseph and Ira (Powell) Guy, both of Montgomery County, the former at one time a member of the board of revenue; grandson of Samuel Joseph and Caroline Guy, and of George N. and Belle Powell, all of Montgomery County; great-great-grandson of James Powell who came to America from Wailes, Scotland, and settled in King William County, Va. The Guys were originally from Virginia. Representative Guy's maternal grandfather came to Alabama from Virginia in the fifties. He was exempt from service in the Confederate Army, but volun teered to serve in the place of a brother-in-law in order that he might look after the large in terests of the family. He went through the en tire war, escaping without a scratch. Repre sentative Guy was educated in the public schools of Montgomery and Lowndes counties; later attended the Alabama military institute at Tuskegee. He is a farmer and merchant of Davenport and was elected to represent Lowndes County in the State legislature, 1919. He is a Democrat, and a Modern Woodman. Married: April 19, 1892, at Hope Hull, to Carrie Lee, daughter of Hiram and Sou V. Tankersley, of that place; granddaughter of Felix Tankers- ley, an early settler of Alabama. Children: 1. Waverly McLamore; 2. Joseph Tankersley; 3. Robert Jennings. Residence: Letohatchee. GUYTON, JUNIUS ISIAH, farmer, merchant, newspaper man and member Alabama legisla ture, was born November 29, 1872, at Military Springs, Sanford, now Lamar County; son of J. M. I. and Mary Jane (Woods) Guyton. He was educated in the common schools of Ver non; engaged in mercantile business 1892-1901; in 1901 commenced farming. He established the "Lamar Democrat" in 1896; and in 1901 represented Lamar County in the house of rep resentatives. For a number of years he was captain of the "Vernon rifles," Third infantry, Alabama national guard. He is a Democrat. Married: January 27, 1901, at Caledonia, Miss., to Ramah Corinne Barrentine. Residence: Vernon. GWALTNEY, LESLIE LEE, Baptist minis ter, was born March 5, 1876, in Surry County, Va.; son of John Avington Merit and Sarah Rebecca (Deering) Gwaltney, who lived in Surry County, Va., the former of whom was a native of that county, a farmer who served under Lee in the army of northern Virginia during the War of Secession, and after the war was for many years captain of a cavalry company; grandson of Merit Gwaltney, and of Sarah Deering, of Surry County, Va. He ob tained his early education in country and pri vate schools, and attended Richmond college, 1899-1905. He attended Union theological seminary where he specialized in Greek and 718 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Hebrew; was graduated, Master of Theology, from the Southern Baptist theological sem inary, 1908; and was graduated from the Potomac university, with the degree of Doctor of Theology, 1909. He is a minister of the Baptist church, and has served in pastorates at Prattville, Greenville, and at Florence. Rev. Gwaltney is editor of the Alabama "Baptist." Married: at Coman's Well, Va., Richie Thorn ton Peters, daughter of Richard and Bettie (White) Peters, who lived at Meadville, Va. Children: 1. Rachel, d. of diphtheria in Rich mond, at twenty-two months of age; 2. Leslie Lee, jr., b. 1905, at Hewletts, Va.; 3. Raecile, b. 1906, in Louisville, Ky.; 4. Virginia, b. in Greenville, and died there at the age of four teen months; 5. Richard Merit, b. 1913. Resi dence: Birmingham. GWALTNEY, LUTHER RICE, Baptist min ister and teacher, for a number of years a resi dent of Alabama, was born at Smithville, Va., December 19, 1830, and died at Rome, Ga., July 18, 1910; son of James Gwaltney. Dr. Gwaltney's early education was limited; at fourteen he entered Columbian college, Wash ington, D. C, completing only his sophomore year, but he later received the honorary degree of D. D. from that institution. He taught for several years before deciding to enter the Bap tist ministry; held pastorates in South Caro lina and Georgia; organized the Cherokee Bap tist college, now Shorter college, Rome, Ga.; was president of Judson institute, Marion, 1876-82, when he returned to Shorter college. Married: (1) in 1856 to Louisa Davidson, of Virginia; (2) in 1863 to Sophie B. Lipscomb, of South Carolina. Children: 1. Mrs. Thomas W. Raymond, Holly Springs, Miss.; 2. Mrs. Clifford B. King, Rome, Ga.; 3. James D., Rome, Ga.; 4. Mrs. E. T. Moultrie, Rome, Ga.; 5. Mrs. R. D. Van Dyke, Memphis, Tenn.; 6. Mary, Columbus, Ga.; 7. Marcia, Columbus, Ga. Last residence: Rome, Ga. GWIN, D. W., Baptist minister, was a Vir ginian by birth. He graduated from Rich mond college, Va.; was elected professor of ancient languages, Brownwood institute, La Grange, Ga.; called by the Baptist church, Rome, Ga., and there ordained in 1861; had charge of the church at Griffin, Ga., and while there founded and conducted the Griffin high school; in 1886 accepted a call to Montgomery, where he remained for six years; and in 1892 removed to Atlanta, Ga. He was a member of the board of trustees of the Southern Baptist theological seminary and of the Georgia State mission board. Married: daughter of Dr. R. B. C. Howell, of Nashville, Tenn. GWIN, JAMES CHESLEY BYRD, lawyer. was born June 21, 1878, at Ezra, Jefferson County; son of Mortimer and Telltha Eliza beth (Laird) Gwin, the former served in the C. S. Army; grandson of Littleton and March Gwin, and of Hewitt and Mary Laird. He was educated in the schools of Ezra; at Bessemer; and at the University of Alabama, graduating A. B., 1904, and LL. B., 1905; entered upon the practice in Birmingham where he remained until 1907; removed to Bessemer, 1907; since 1911 has been judge of the city court of Bes semer. He is a Baptist; Knight of Pythias; Odd Fellow;; and a Maccabee. Married: June 18, 1908, at Ensley, to Emma Corinth, daughter of Rev. O. P. and Margie (Crew) Bentley, of that place. Residence: Bessemer. GWYNNE, ANDREW D., major 50th, also known as 26th, Coltarts, Alabama infantry; lieutenant colonel, 38th, formerly 8th, Looney's, Tennessee infantry regiment, C. S. Army. H HADDEN, ISAAC, Presbyterian minister, was born August 5, 1799, in Abbeville District, S. C, and died at his home in Sumter County, August 27, 1849. He was a licentiate of the Presbytery of South Carolina and commenced the work of a missionary in that state in 1823. Soon after, he took up his work in Alabama, and was one of the first Presbyterian ministers in the state. He was ordained as an evangel ist at Montgomery, March 24, 1825, and spent practically his whole ministerial life, from 1823 to 1849, in Alabama. He was the founder of the first Presbyterian church in Montgom ery, and his last charge was Bethel church, in Sumter County, near which he resided on his farm. His grave is in the burying ground of old Bethel church, which was located three miles from Sumterville during the ministry of Dr. Hadden, but has since been moved to Sumterville. A Presbyterian church in the northern part of Sumter County was named Hadden in honor of him. He was a Democrat; was twice married, but the names of his wives are unavailable. Children, by first marriage: 1. Robert Wilson, Presbyterian minister, b. 1824, d. January 5, 1852, of con sumption at the residence of his mother-in- law, Mrs. Mary Bingham, at the time of his death was in the fourth year of his ministry, m. in 1850, to Louisa Jane Bingham; 2. Will iam, lawyer, deceased, resided in South Caro lina; 3. Laura, m. Armstrong Kerr, of Sumter County, and moved to Texas, had three chil dren, Frank, James and William; by second marriage: 4. Martha Jane, m. April 12, 1853, to Rev. Samuel James Bingham, had five chil dren, William Ellison, a druggist in Tusca loosa; Mary Laura, d. May, 1911, m. P. D. Noah, of Kosciusco, Miss.; Linnie Stillman, m. R. W. Cowan, resides in Mosspoint, Miss.; Robert Hadden, married, resides in Corpus Christi, Tex., and James Alexander, d. from the effects of a burn when three years old. Last residence: Sumter County. HADEN, JOSEPH THOMAS, planter and pioneer of Macon County, was born September 5, 1818, in Chatham County, Tenn., and died April 24, 1877, at LaPlace, Macon County; son of Joseph II and Rebecca (Durham) Haden, of North Carolina, who removed to Tennessee, and in 1836, to Alabama, settling near. old Fort Decatur, In the Creek Indian country; grand- stm of Joseph I. and Jane (Haden) Haden, and of Rev. Thomas and Rebecca (Allen) Durham, all of North Carolina. He was educated in the log school-houses of Tennessee; engaged in pioneer farming; was one of the pioneer set- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 719 tiers of LaPlace, Macon County, where he re sided until his death. He was a member of the home guards, during the War of Secession, and equipped two young men with horses, etc., for services, in place of his sons who were chil dren. He was a Democrat; a Mason; a Bap tist. Married; January 29, 1846, at LaPlace, to Elizabeth, daughter of George and Susan (Foscue) Oldfield, of Newbern, N. C. Chil dren: 1. Susan Helen, first wife of Jesse Thompson; 2. Joseph G.; 3. Sarah Helen, sec ond wife of Jesse Thompson; 4. Mary A. E., m. John T. DeBardelaben; 5. William Thomas; 6. Charles Wiley, m. Woodie Gibson; 7. Capitola F., m. (1) William F. Pinkston, (2) Robert G. Williams; 8. Lena Caroline, m. Richard Barry; 9. Jennie F.; 10. Robert A., m. Lilian Boyd. Last residence: LaPlace. HAGAN, JAMES, captain U. S. Army, briga dier general, C. S. Army; was born in 1821 in Ireland and died in Mobile; a member of an old Irish family, some members of whom emi grated to Louisiana about the year 1800, and on the purchase of that country from France, became citizens of the United States. Two uncles of Gen. Hagan served under General Jackson at New Orleans. The Hagans were successful merchants in New Orleans and Mo bile and owned large landed estates in Louis iana and Mississippi, cultivating with slave labor both sugar and cotton. At an early age James Hagan was brought to America by his father, who settled as a farmer in Pennsylvania, and in this state spent his early manhood. He received his education at Clermont Academy in Philadelphia; on the completion of his studies and entered the commercial house of McLosky, Hagan & Company at Mobile. On the outbreak of the Mexican war, he with Capt. William Walker of Mobile, Col. Winston Hunter and his brother Lawrence, and Major James Boykin, all of Dallas, joined Col. Hays' Texas Rangers and took part in the storming of Monterey. He was then commissioned a captain in the Third Dragoons; served with it under Gen. Taylor; mustered out of service at the peace and turned his attention to planting. On the outbreak of the War of Secession he was commissioned captain and September, 1861, was commissioned major of regiment of which Wirt Adams was appointed colonel; after the battle of Shiloh, the Third Alabama cavalry was or ganized and he was made colonel of it, and spent the last two years in North Carolina as brigade commander under Gen. Wheeler. He was wounded near Franklin, Tennessee, at Kingston, Tenn., and at Fayetteville, N. C. Just before the close of the war, Gen. Hagan was promoted to the rank of brigadier. Married: Miss Bettie Oliver, daughter of S. W. Oliver of Conecuh. HAGGARD, HENRY, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 94, resided in Bibb County, June 1, 1840, with James Fancher. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. HAGLER, WILEY A., (farmer, was born March 8, 1818, in Wilkes County, N. C; son of William and Elizabeth (Mullins) Hagler, of Swiss origin, whose ancestors were among the first settlers of North Carolina. His pa ternal grandfather served in the Colonial Army under Washington, and was present at Brad- dock's defeat. He was educated in such schools as his native state afforded at that time, and came to Tuscaloosa County in 1837. He en gaged in farming, and followed that occupa tion all his life. Married: to Hazy Ann Lee, of Tuscaloosa County, daughter of Isaac Lee, one of the first settlers of the county, and owner of large tracts of land. They had six children who were reared to maturity; one son, Edward I., the largest individual land owner in Tuscaloosa County at one time, re sides at Tyner, m. (1) Maggie Prewitt, by whom he had two sons, Prewitt LaFayette. physician, b. January 26, 1868, was graduated from the medical college of the University of Alabama at Mobile, M. D., 1893, resides at Ensley, and John Wiley, physician, b. October 1, 1869, was graduated from the medical col lege at Mobile, M. D., 1895, m. April 26, 1892, at Grenada, Miss., Mary Egleston, resides at Prattville, and (2) Josephine Barnett, by whom he had one son, Edward Cleveland, b. Octo ber 10, 1879. Last residence: Tuscaloosa County. HAGOOD, JAMES JOSEPH, Baptist minis ter, was born November 20, 1869, at Braggs, Lowndes County; son of Thomas Smallwood and Cynthia Demovell (Scott) Hagood, who lived at Braggs until 1898, then moved to Evergreen, the former of whom served in the C. S. Army during the last two years of the War of Secession; grandson of James Hagood, who came from Edgefield District, S. C, to Lowndes County with his family and. slaves, and settled at Braggs, and of Rev. Joseph M. and Amanda (Herrin) Scott, who lived in Lowndes County, the former of whom was a minister in the Methodist Episcopal church, South, and at the time of his death was a su perannuated minister in that church. The Hagood family came to this country from Eng land. Rev. Hagood received his early educa tion in the country schools at Braggs and in high school at Evergreen. He was gradu ated from Howard college, A. M., 1893, and from the Southern Baptist theological semi nary, with the degree of Th. M., 1897. He was ordained a minister in the Baptist church, and began preaching in Clayton, June, 1897. He remained at that place for seven years, serving in Clayton and Ozark, then moved to Anda lusia, where he remained eight years. He took charge of the pastorate in Jasper, June, 1913. He is a Mason, a Knight of Pythias, and an Odd Fellow. Married: June 30, 1909, at Bat tles Wharf, to Maud Muller Scott, daughter of Dr. Harvey Edward and Jimmie (Mates) Scott, who lived at Battles. Children: 1. James Jo seph, jr., b. September 11, 1910; 2. Edward Scott, b. May 6, 1912. Residence: Jasper. HAGOOD, RUFUS HANSOM, public official, was born October 7, 1839, at Trussville, Jef ferson County; son of Robert Jackson and Nancy Melinda (Hale) Hagood, the former born at or near Pickens Court House, Pickens 720 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY District, S. C, and brought when young to Alabama; grandson of Zachariah and Nancy Hagood, who removed to Jefferson County, and lived near Mt. Pinson, and of John and Jane (Caddie) Hale, of Monticello, Ky. His great- grandparents are believed to have lived and died in Pickens District. Mr. Hagood was edu cated in the common schools of Jefferson County. He served through the War of Se cession as 1st lieutenant, Co. C, 19th Alabama infantry regiment. He was sheriff of Jeffer son County, 1874-7, and acting sheriff, 1880-84. He was a Methodist. Married: April 10, 1866, at Elyton, to America, daughter of William Alfred and Corilla (Porter) Walker, of that place. Children: 1. Robert William, m. Emily Dubois, resides in Portland, Ore.; 2. Corilla, m. William Bethea, Birmingham; 3. Margaret, m. Lee Kitchel Terrell, of Birmingham; 4. Laura, m. George Shafer O'Neal, of Birming ham; 5. Lucy, m. Daniel Holt Smith, of Macon, Ga.; 6. Rufus Hansom, of Birmingham. Resi dence: Birmingham. HAGUE, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution. " An Old Soldier Fallen. — Mr. John Hague, aged (we understand), ninety-three years, died in Nashville, on the 13th inst. Mr. Hague was a native of Germany. He came to America in company with Lafayette, and fought in the Revolutionary War in aid of our country's independence. He was one of Lafayatte's light guard. When this distinguished chieftain visited America, and passed through Nash ville in 1824, Mr. Hague, who then resided in Huntsville, Alabama, came on foot, more than a hundred miles, to meet once more his old general. We are told by those who were pres ent at their meeting, that it was a moment of thrilling interest. Mr. Hague threw himself suddenly and unexpectedly before Lafayette; the general immediately recognized him, and with a familiar tone, exclaimed, "Why, John, Is this you!" and in a moment they were closely embraced in each other's arms. "'Mr. Hague was for more than fifty years a devoted Christian, and faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. "'"He died triumphantly. His funeral was attended by an immense concourse. He was buried with military honors.'" — Independent Monitor, Tuscaloosa, Ala., Aug. 11, 1841. The following further reference to this old soldier is noted, evidently taken from a Nash ville paper: "During the visit, short as it was, of Gen. Lafayette to this place [Nashville], many in cidents occurred, calculated to touch the feel ings and awaken the sensibility of all who witnessed them. From among the number which have been described to us, we select the following: "An old 'revolutionaire' named Hagy, a Ger man by birth, who came to America in the same vessel with Gen. Lafayette, in 1777, and served with him during the greater part of the war, had travelled hither on foot from Huntsville to greet the 'Nation's Guest.' Their meeting under our civic arch was most cor dial. Hagy repeatedly embraced and kissed his old commander." — Southern Advocate, Huntsville, Ala., May 27, 1825. HAGUE, PARTHENIA ANTOINETTE VAR- DAMAN, author, was born November 29, 1838, at Dowdels Mill, Harris County, Ga.; daughter of Thomas Butts and Emily Adeline (Evans) Vardaman, the former a native of Newton, Jasper County, Ga., who lived at Hamilton, Ga., and served as high sheriff of Harris County; granddaughter of Col. Joseph and Rachel Vin- ing (Knot) Vardaman, who lived at Hamilton, Harris County, Ga., the former whose ances tors came from the Netherlands, and the latter a native of Scotland and a lineal descendant of John Knox, of Scotland, and of David and Rhoda (Milner) Evans, of Hamilton, Ga., the former of Welsh descent, and the latter of Vir ginia stock, and a relative of Lord Milner of England; great-granddaughter of Jerome Mil ner who fought for seven years on the side of the colonial army in the Revolutionary War. Mrs. Hague was reared in Harris County, Ga., and finished her education in the Hamilton female college, in that county. She moved to Alabama and lived in that state during the War of Secession and for many years after ward. During her stay in Alabama she gath ered the material for her book, "A Blockaded Family," published in 1888, by Houghton Mifflin Company, Cambridge, Mass. The book was en dorsed personally by Jefferson Davis and Gen. Beauregard. Mrs. Hague was also author of an article in the Atlanta "Constitution," de scribing the fight with the Indians at the Chaliblee (Calebee) Swamp in Alabama. Mar ried : to Mr. Hague. Her husband and her only remaining son died within five weeks of each other. Residence: Tampa, Fla. HAILE, COLUMBUS, railway official, a na tive and for some time a resident of Alabama, was born September 8, 1860, at Carlowville, Dallas County; son of Columbus and Ann Louisa (McCaa) Haile, both of Kershaw Dis trict, S. C, but later residents of Dallas County; grandson of Benjamin and Amelia (Blakeney) Haile, and Dr. John and Amelia (Boykin) McCaa, all of Camden, S. C. He at tended the Male academy at Staunton, Va.; Hampden-Sidney college, 1875-77, and the Uni versity of Virginia, 1877-78. He began rail way service with the Houston and Texas cen tral railroad, 1880, and rose rapidly; is at present vice-president and traffic manager of the Missouri, Kansas and Texas railway com pany. Married: December 25, 1883, at Pales tine, Texas, to Tempe, daughter of James Monroe and Hannah Eliza (Jackson) Perry, of that place. Children: 1. Tempe, d. in in fancy; 2. Columbus, d. in infancy; 3. Colum bus, m. Sue Lewis Bell, resides in Dallas, Tex.; 4. Elise. Residence: St. Louis, Mo. HAILS, GEORGE WILLOUGHBY, planter, was born in 1811, in Columbia, S. C, and died in 1865; son of Capt. Robert Hails, a planter near the Santee River in South Carolina, and an earnest supporter of Colonial forces, who raised for the Revolutionary War a company of partisan rangers at his own expense and SAMUEL S. SHERMAN DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 723 was afterward attached to Lee's legion, was married and had one son in the War of 1812. descendants in the Seminole and Mexican Wars, and many grandsons in the War of Secession. He moved from South Carolina to Alabama in 1835, and located in Montgomery County, where he became an extensive planter. He was one of the charter members of the Montgomery True Blues, and went with the company to the Seminole War in 1836. He also served in the Mexican War. He was one of the most successful planters in Montgomery County, and introduced the first two-horse plow. Married: Sarah Bozier, a native of Columbia, S. C, of Huguenot descent, who died in 1882. Children: 1. Sallie, m. George 0. Janney; 2. Mary, m. Dr. C. K. Duncan; 3. Rebecca, m. Maj. V. Elmore; 4. Robert; 5. George Willoughby (q. v.); 6. Thomas J.; 7. Charles E., b. July 2, 1856, in Montgomery County, was educated at Spring Hill college, farmed for two years, settled in Montgomery and engaged in the cotton business until 1879, entered the grocery business until 1885, be came manager of the Alabama Fertilizer Com pany until 1889, acted as manager of the "Daily Dispatch," 1889-1891; was elected president of the Montgomery Brewing Company, Novem ber, 1889, m. November 4, 1884, to Florence F. Troy, daughter of Daniel S. Troy, of Mont gomery, has four children, Troy, Sarah, Mary and Helen B., resides in Montgomery. Last residence: Montgomery County. HAILS, GEORGE WILLOUGHBY, public official, was born January 20, 1847, near Mont gomery; son of George Willoughby and Sarah (Bozier) Hails (q. v.). He entered the C. S. Army in the spring of 1863, joining the cadet company, Seventh Alabama cavalry, and served for a time upon the coast. He was transferred to north Mississippi, under Gen. Forrest's com mand, Chalmers' division, Rucker's brigade, where his company was detailed for escort duty to Gen. Rucker, and saw active duty as couriers and sharpshooters on the line of fight at Paris Landing with river gunboats, at John- sonville, Henryville, Columbia, Spring Hill, Franklin, and Nashville. That company was held as reserve by Gen. Rucker, and late on the evening of the second day's fight at Nash ville, when Gen. Hood ordered Gen. Rucker to save the wagon train at the sacrifice of his bri gade, was badly cut to pieces by the enemy, but protected the trains. It had honorable mention in general orders and also in Gen. Jordan's history of Forrest's command. On the re treat of Hood's army, it surrendered with For rest's command at Gainesville. After the war, Mr. Hails engaged in planting, and took great interest in politics, especially in overthrow ing the radical Republican party. He was a candidate for tax collector in 1892, but was defeated. He was subsequently elected in 1900 by a large majority vote. Married: December 10, 1874, to Susan Tyler Nesbitt, who was of South Carolina and Virginia parentage, and settled in Montgomery about 1845; daughter of Mary Virginia Scott; granddaughter of Col. Wilson and Susan Tyler (Duval) Nesbitt, the former a representative in Congress from South Carolina in 1819, the latter a sister of Judge Gabriel Duval of the U. S. Supreme court; great-granddaughter of Gen. John Scott, one of the founders of Montgomery. Resi dence: Montgomery County. HALBERT, HENRY SALE, teacher, author and philologist, was born January 14, 1837, near old Yorkville, Pickens County, and died May 9, 1916, in Montgomery at the home of Thomas M. Owen, Alabama historian, and is buried beside him in Greenwood cemetery; son of Percival Pickens and Jane (Owen) Halbert, the former born near Saluda River, Anderson County, S. C, where he lived until 1816 when he came to what is now Jefferson County, after wards removing to Tuscaloosa County; grand son of John and Margaret (Harper) Halbert of Anderson County, S. C, and of Caleb and Mary (Nabors) Owen, of Darlington District, S. C; great-grandson of William and Elizabeth (Hill) Halbert, the former the son of a Welsh immi grant was born in Virginia, in 1744, and died in Anderson County, S. C, in 1808, a Revolu tionary soldier, and of Isaac and Nancy (Boyd) Nabors, the former killed by the Tories, in South Carolina during the Revolution, the lat ter was a member of the Irish nobility; great- great-grandson of William and Elizabeth (Gwin) Harper, the former a Revolutionary soldier of the North Carolina line who died in Anderson County, S. C, about 1850, aged ninety- six; great-great-great-grandson of the Rev. Wil liam Owen, a Welsh minister, who with his two brothers immigrated to America and lo cated in Virginia. Professor Halbert received his primary education in the old field schools and later attended the Oktibbeha academy (Miss.). Among his teachers were Duncan Chalker, Hatchet McKee, McCune Lacy and Sam Meek. He graduated at Union university, Tennessee, with the degree of A. M., in 1857. He served as a soldier in the Texas State troops, April 2, 1860, till October 14, 1860, and in the following year joined Capt. Thomas Har rison's company on the frontier contending with Indians. In May, 1860, he was present at the capitulation of Camp Cooper. Afterwards he entered the Confederate States Army as a private in the 6th Texas cavalry and served until the close of the war. He was wounded at New Hope, Ga., May 26, 1864, and was so disabled that he was unable to return to his command for eight months. From 1866 to 1872 he taught in the Waco university (Texas) and later in various academies in Texas, Ala bama and Mississippi. From 1884 to 1899 he was engaged in educational work among the Choctaw Indians of Mississippi, and upon the voluntary migration of these Indians to Okla homa, he assisted the government agent in establishing an amicable understanding of their land interests in their new country. In 1904, at the invitation of Dr. Owen, who had an ap preciation of his scholarly attainments, Pro fessor Halbert removed to Montgomery and ac cepted a clerkship in the State department of achives and history. Author: contributed nu merous articles to the "American Antiquarian," the "American Anthropologist," old series; the 724 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Transactions of the Mississippi Historical so ciety; transactions of the Alabama historical society; and to the denominational papers of the Baptist church; co-editor with Dr. John R. Swanton in bulletin 46, Bureau American ethnology, a dictionary of the Choctaw lan guages, by Cyriis Byington, 1915, co-author with T. H. Ball of the "Creek war of 1813 and 1814"; numerous MS. translations from the original French and Spanish, in the collections of the department of archives and history, as well as a MS. history of the Choctaw Indians, sub sequently to be published by the department. He was a States rights Democrat; a Baptist; and a Mason. Unmarried. Last residence: Montgomery. HALE, FOSTER KIRKSEY, merchant and manufacturer; was born September 29, 1855, at Eutaw, Greene County; son of Stephen Fowler and Mary Elinor (Kirksey) Hale; the former was born in Kentucky, later removing to Eu taw, where he served for several terms as a member of the State legislature, was a member of the Confederate congress, a lieutenant-colonel in the C. S. Army, eleventh Alabama regiment, was wounded at the battle of Gaines' Mill and died June 21, 1862 at Richmond, Va.; grand son of William and Elliner (Manahan) Hale, of Crittenden County, Ky., and of John and Mary Elinor (Foster) Kirksey, of Marengo County. The Hale family came from England to Virginia prior to the Revolutionary War; the Fosters from Ireland; and the Kirkseys from Scotland. John Foster of South Carolina, the great-grandfather of Representative Hale, was an officer in the Revolutionary War. Hale County is named after Stephen Fowler Hale. Representative Hale received his education in Greene and Hale Counties. He is a merchant and manufacturer; served as alderman and councilman of the city of Mobile, five terms, from 1897-1910; served on the jury commission of Mobile County under Johnston's administra tion, four years; was elected to represent Mo bile County in the State legislature, 1919. He is a Democrat; Episcopalian; Mason; and an Elk. Married: to Nettie Hermina, daughter of Joseph Henry and Lydia M. (Holcombe) Pope, of Mobile, granddaughter of Alexander and Dor othy (Bibb) Pope, of Virginia. Mrs. Hale is a niece of Gov. Bibb, Alabama's first governor. The Pope family is of English ancestry. Chil dren: 1. Foster Kirksey, m. Catherine Bishoff; 2. Willey Taliaferro; 3. Stephen Fowler; 4. Clay ton St. John. Residence: Mobile. HALE, PHILIP THOMAS, Baptist minister, was born August 18, 1857, in Madison County; son of Dr. Philip Perry and Caroline Susan (Gulledge) Hale. He was graduated with hon ors from Howard college, A. B., 1879; and from the Southern Baptist theological seminary, at Louisville, Ky, 1883, later taking a post grad uate course at the same school. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by Howard col lege in 1890, and that of LL.D., by Union uni versity. He was ordained to the Baptist min istry, and served as pastor of the Baptist church at Danville, Ky., 1883-1888; was stationed at Birmingham, 1888-1898; at Roanoke, Va., 1898- 1901; at Owensboro, Ky., 1901-1904; was presi dent of Union university, Jackson, Tenn., 1904- 1906; corresponding secretary of the Baptist Education Society of Kentucky 1906-1909; lec turer and financial secretary of the Southern Baptist Theological Association, since Septem ber 10, 1909. He was formerly president of the board of trustees of Howard college; is a mem ber of the board of State missions of Alabama; vice president of the foreign mission board, Southern Baptist Convention of Alabama; chap lain-general, Sons of Confederate Veterans of Alabama; editor of the Birmingham "Baptist"; was formerly a trustee of the Southern Baptist theological seminary; was fraternal delegate from the Southern Baptist Convention to the Northern Baptist Convention, 1913 and 1915; was founder and the first president of the Southern Baptist Educational Conference; and former president of the Alumni Association of the Southern Baptist theological seminary. Dr. Hale is author of "Letters on an European Tour," and "Letters on a Tour through Greece, Turkey, Egypt and the Holy Land." He is a Mason and an Odd Fellow. Married: December 9, 1855, to Lena Lyle Bollinger, of Mayfield, Ky. Children: 1. Thomas Farris, graduate of Yale university, associate professor of the medical department, University of Louisville; 2. Roy William, graduate of Georgetown college; 3. Philip T., jr.; 4. Davis Ward; 5. Earl Douglas; 6. Frank L. Residence: Louisville, Ky. HALE, STEPHEN FOWLER, lawyer, was born January 31, 1816, in Crittenden County, Ky, and died July 18, 1862, in Richmond, Va., as a result of wounds received in one of the battles around Richmond. His father was a Baptist minister, a South Carolinian, who mar ried a Miss Manahan, of the same state. Col. Hale was graduated at Cumberland uni versity, came to Alabama about 1837, and taught school in Greene County for a year. He read law while teaching school, and in 1839 was graduated from the law school at Lexington, Ky. Locating in Eutaw, he prac ticed at different times in association with Alexander Graham and T. C. Clarke. In 1843 he was elected to the State legislature from Greene County. After serving his term in the house he retired to private life until the out break of the Mexican War in 1846, when he volunteered and was elected lieutenant of a company. He served in Mexico until the con clusion of peace in 1848, then returned to Eutaw to his law practice. He was the nomi nee of his. party for congress in 1853, but was defeated; was elected to the legislature again in 1857; was re-elected in 1859; and was master of the grand lodge of Freemasons In the state during that time. When the secession ordi nance was passed, he was appointed commis sioner to Kentucky, by Gov. Moore, and de livered an able address before the legislature at Frankfort. That same year, he was elected to represent his district in the provisional con gress of the C. S. A. While holding that posi tion, he was chosen lieutenant-colonel of the DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 725 Eleventh Alabama infantry regiment, and re paired with it to Virginia. He remained with that command until after the battle of Seven Pines, when he was temporarily assigned to the Ninth Alabama regiment and led it into battle. The fall of Col. Moore obliged him to return to the Eleventh regiment, which he led at Gaines Mill. He was wounded fatally dur ing that battle, and died at Richmond, after lingering for three weeks. In 1866, the Ala bama legislature named Hale County in his honor. He was a Whig. Married: Mary E. Kirksey, a sister of F. M. Kirksey, at one time sheriff of Greene County. One of his daughters married Capt. E. B. Vaughn, of Sum ter County; one son, William Kirksey, lawyer, was born April 2, 1845, became a midshipman in the C. S. Navy, and died of yellow fever in Florida, 1878. Last residence: Eutaw. HALE, WILLIAM, circuit judge of the Mobile district, 1840, vice B. F. Porter. HALEY, CHARLIE LITTLE, live stock deal er, was born July 22, 1859, at Haleys, Marion County; son of Green M. and Juliet Ann (Wright) Haley, the former born near Bowling Green, Ky., who lived at Haleys, Marion Coun ty, was a minister of the Christian church, and represented Marion County in the State legis lature at one time; grandson of Allen Haley, and of Charlie Wright, who lived in St. Clair County. He was educated in the common schools of Marion County, and attended college at Bradyville, Tenn. He was a merchant at Thorn Hill, 1883-1888; moved to Winston Coun ty in 1888, and opened a mercantile business on the new railroad at the site of the town of Haleyville, which was named for him; sold his mercantile business in January, 1906, and established the Traders and Farmers Bank, of which he was president for three years; re signed the bank presidency, and located in Florence as a live stock dealer. He was a mem ber of the constitutional convention of 1901, from the Seventh congressional district; was a delegate to the national Democratic conven tion which met at Kansas City, Mo., July 4, 1900; and was chairman of the Democratic executive committee of Winston County in 1901. He is a member of the Christian church and a Mason. Married: December 18, 1879, at Thorn Hill, Marion County, to Martha Phillips, daugh ter of John R. and Mahalie Phillips, who lived at that place. Children : 1. Cora L„ m. Pinkney Curtis; 2. Allen B.; 3. Arthur C; 4. Ida A., m. Clarence Gravlee; 5. Charlie L., jr., m. Ninion Wallace; 6. James H.; 7. Emmett L.; 8. Joseph Wheeler; 9. Ruby L. Residence: Florence. HALEY, G. M., member of the constitutional convention of 1865, from Marion County. HALEY, LITTLEBERRY JAMES, Jr., law yer, was born November 22, 1865, at Elk Creek, Louisa County, Va.; son of Littleberry James and Mary Elizabeth (Long) Haley, the former a native of Virginia, a graduate of Richmond college from which he received the degree of D. D., and of the University of Vir ginia, superintendent of schools of Louisa County for twelve years, elected a member of the Virginia legislature for the session of 1905-7, has been pastor of Baptist churches in Louisa County since 1856, except for three years when he was pastor of churches in North Hampton County, Va.; grandson of William Argyle and Elizabeth (Allen) Haley, and of James and Emily (Lipscomb) Long; great- grandson of Meredith Haley, of Carolina County, Va., and of Littleberry Allen, of Hen rico County, Va. Mr. Haley was educated in the common schools of his native county and by tutors in his father's home; graduated from Richmond college, A. B„ 1886, and was editor of the Richmond "College Messenger"; since 1889 has practiced law in Birmingham; served in the house of representatives from Jefferson County, 1903 and 1907. He is a Democrat: and Baptist. Married: November 27, 1889, to Leila, daughter of Capt. William M. and Lizzie Ella (Billingslea) Byrd, who lived first in Selma and later in Birmingham; granddaughter of Judge W. M. Byrd (q. v.). Children: Little berry Byrd. Residence: Birmingham. HALEY, PAUL SHIELDS, chief engineer, Corona coal and iron company; graduated at the Alabama polytechnic institute, with the B. S. degree in 1901, and M. S. in 1902. Resi dence: Corona. HALL, BOLLING, sr., planter, legislator, and congressman, was born December 25, 1767, in Dinwiddie County, Va., and died February 25, 1836, in Autauga, now Elmore County;1 son of Hugh and Mary (Dixon) Hall, of Peters burg, Va. At the age of sixteen he was a Revolutionary soldier, with his brother, Dixon Hall (q. v.). At the close of that war he re moved to Hancock County, Ga., and filled sev eral offices; represented his district in the State legislature; represented the Milledgeville district in congress and voted for a declara tion of war against Great Britain in 1812. In 1818, he removed to Autauga County, with a caravan of slaves, flocks of cattle and wagons loaded with lumber to build a large residence, which is standing today, and which was the first house in that part of Alabama to have glass windows. Colonel Hall's descendants are still living on the land acquired by him then. In 1824, he was chairman of the reception com mittee to welcome General Lafayette and went to the Chattahoochee River to receive him into Alabama. He was a member of the old Jeffersonian-Republican Party; and a Metho dist. Married: October 25, 1798, in Hancock County, Ga., to Jane, daughter of James Aber crombie, sr., of Georgia, and sister of James Abercrombie (q. v.). Children: 1. Polly Willie, m. Green Wood (q. v.) ; 2. Ann Anderson, m. James Mitchell; 3. Martha Bryan, m. John S. Bailey; 4. Eliza Dixon, m. Dr. Thomas Brown; 5. Jane Abercrombie, m. William Vance Thomp son; 6. Emma Boiling, m. Absalom Jackson; 7. Boiling, jr., m. Mary Louisa Crenshaw (q. v.) ; 8. Laura, m. Dr. Samuel Doak Holt (q. v.) ; 9. Amanda, m. John A. Snodgrass; 10. Mary Bibb, m. William Boiling Hall; 11. Sarah 726 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Helen, m. William J. Sasanett Last residence: "Ellerslie" plantation, Autauga County. HALL, BOLLING, planter and lawyer, was born May 8, 1813, in Baldwin County, Ga., and died March 5, 1897, in Coosada, Elmore Coun ty; son of Boiling and Jane (Abercrombie) Hall (q. v.). He attended the pioneer country schools of Autauga County, and graduated from the University of Georgia in 1831, when eigh teen years of age. He read law in the office of Thorington and Pickett, in Montgomery; was admitted to the bar in 1834, but preferring the independent life of the planter he devoted himself largely t^ agriculture. He was a mem ber of the Alabama legislature for three ses sions, 1849-50, 1851-52, and 1853-54; and was nominated as an elector on the Douglas ticket in 1860, but resigned and voted for Brecken ridge. He was inspector general of militia with the rank of major in 1835 and adjutant of the 1st Alabama regiment under Capt. Jack Shackleford in the Creek War of 1836. He took an active part in promoting the interests of the State; was a director in the Eufaula railroad until that line was purchased by the Georgia central railway; was one of the pro moters of the South and North Alabama rail road, and a director of same at the time of his death. He was one of the organizers of the Elyton land company formed for the purpose of promoting Birmingham, and was a member of its directorate. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: December 22, 1836, near Coosada, to Mary Louisa, daughter of Dr. Ab ner and Charlotte Perry (Elmore) Crenshaw of Wetumpka; granddaughter of Gen. John Archer Elmore (q. v.) and of Charles Cren shaw, of Newberry, S. C. Children: 1. Boi ling, jr., unmarried, colonel, 59th Alabama in fantry regiment, died in January, 1866, from the effects of wounds received at Chickamauga while leading a desperate charge; 2. Crenshaw, d. unmarried; adjutant 59th Alabama infantry regiment; 3. James A., d. unmarried; captain of Co. K, 24th Alabama infantry regiment; 4. John Elmore, d. unmarried, captain, Co. B, 59th Alabama infantry regiment; 5. Mary Louisa; 6. Thomas B., captain, Co. K, 24th Alabama infantry regiment, killed at Chicka mauga, aged eighteen, and unmarried; 7. Hines Holt, Coosada; 8. Laura June; 9. Frank A., Mill- brook; 10. Joseph E. m. Mary Stokes, of Mis sissippi; 11. Charles E„ deceased; 12. Caro line S., m. Rev. Thomas R. Handy, a Metho dist minister at Emory, Va. Last residence: Coosada. HALL, DANIEL DILLON, business man and State senator, was born March 16, 1857, at Canoe station, Baldwin County; son of Andrew J. and Lucinda (Entrekin) Hall, the former a farmer and stockman, was a member of a com pany of reserves and home guards during the War of Secession, being too old for active serv ice. Mr. Hall's ancestors emigrated from South Carolina to Alabama. He was reared on a farm and attended the common schools; has been a planter, and is now in merchandising, saw mill, and railroad business; was for a time on the staff of the brigadier general commanding the 20th military district; was a member of the State senate of 1901 from the twenty-first sena torial district. He is a Democrat; Knight of Pythias; Knight of Honor; and a Presbyterian. Married: December 6, 1877, at Williams sta tion, to Elizabeth C, daughter of J. C. and Sarah (Bonner) Young, both late of Wilcox County. Residence: Montgomery Hill. HALL, DIXON, sr., planter, was born in Din widdie County, Va., in 1755, and died in Mont gomery, in 1820; son of Hugh and Mary (Dixon) Hall, of Petersburg, Va.; grandson of John and Anne (Boiling) Hall of Virginia, and of Henry and Elizabeth (Abernathy) Dixon, of North Carolina; great-grandson of Robert Boiling of London, England, who mar ried Jane Rolfe, granddaughter of Pocahontas. At an early age he served in the Virginia line in the Revolutionary army, with his brother, Boiling Hall (q. v.), and at the close of the war removed to North Carolina, thence to Georgia and in 1818, to Autauga County. He was educated in the schools of Virginia and engaged in planting, both in Georgia and Ala bama having acquired lands in Autauga Coun ty as well as property in the city of Mont gomery. Married: (1) in 1779 to Anne, daughter of Jonathan Hunt and wife, Miss Hen derson, of North Carolina; (2) Milly De Jar- nette; (3) Milly Hutchinson; (4) Priscilla Baugh. Children: 1. Dixon, jr., m. Amy Good wyn Mitchell (q. v.) ; 2. Hugh, m. Amy Tyus; 3. Mary Dixon, m. Francis Lewis; 4. Frances, m. Edmund Harris; 5. Thomas Hunt, m. Sarah Sanders; 6. Elizabeth, m. Littleton Reese; 7. William Hall, m. Sarah Sasanett; 8. Milly De Jarnette, m. Dr. James Edward Scott; 9. Wes ley. Last residence: Montgomery. HALL, DIXON, jr., planter and legislator, was born in Dinwiddie County, Ga., March 5, 1782, and died at "Rocky Mount," Autauga County, October 4, 1839; son of Dixon, sr., and Anne (Hunt) Hall (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of his community and removed with his parents to Alabama in 1818. He repre sented Autauga County in the State legisla ture, 1830 and 1831. Married: April 17, 1804, in Hancock County, Ga., to Amy Goodwyn, daughter of Gen. Henry Mitchell, of Sparta, Ga., who served in the Georgia line, Revolu tionary Army. Children: 1. Henry Mitchell, m. Dora Ann Bonnell; 2. Dixon III, repre sented Autauga County in the legislature of 1833, 1835, 1838, and 1839, was State senator in 1840, removed to Louisiana, m. Elizabeth Harris; 3. William Terrell, m. (1) Marion Trawick, (2) Louisa Zeigler, (3) Mrs. Tem perance (Long) Young; 4. Goodwyn Taylor; 5. Boiling, m. Caroline Graham; 6. Robert Mitchell, m. Mary Bacoat Tatum; 7. Frances Ann, m. Dr. Belt; 8. Thomas Hunt, m. (1) Charity David, (2) Caroline Dixon Zeigler; 9. Alfred Goodwyn, m. Rebecca Tatum; 10. Peter son Goodwyn, m. Margaret Hogan. Last resi dence : Montgomery. HALL, EDWARD, mayor of Mobile, 1840-41. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 727 HALL, FLOY, teacher, was born February 3, 1883, at Midway, Bullock County; son of John Robert and Angeline (West) Hall, the former a private in Co. C, 45th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army, serving throughout the war; grandson of Robert Greene and Sarah Jane Hall of Warrenton, Ga., and of Joseph and Mary West of Midway. Prof. Hall received his early education in the public schools of Bullock County; graduated from the University of Ala bama, A. B., 1904 and A. M., 1905. He began teaching in 1906, as principal of the Clayton public school, Clayton; removed to Louisiana, 1908, and became assistant principal of the Ruston public schools, remaining in this place only one year, when he returned to Alabama to accept the position of principal of the Opelika high school, later becoming superintend ent of the city schools. He is a Democrat; Baptist; Mason; and an Elk. He is unmarried. Residence: Opelika. HALL, GEORGE R., educator; superintendent of education of Bullock County; graduate of the Alabama polytechnic institute, with the B. S. degree, 1880. HALL, GROVER CLEVELAND, editor, was born January 11, 1888, at Haleburg, Henry County; son of William Rabun and Permelia Ann (Davis) Hall, of that place, natives of Georgia who settled, with their family and slaves, on an extensive plantation in Henry County, in the 1840's, the former a Democrat, and private in the 6th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army, who participated in all major engagements in the Virginia campaigns, and served with his regiment during the entire four years of the War of Secession; grandson of Reuben and Mary Ann, (Strange) Hall, of Washington County, Ga., the former being in his ninety-fifth year when he removed to Ala bama with his son's family, and of Tolliver and Elizabeth (Hobbs) Davis, of Bluffton, Clay County, Ga.; brother of William Theodore Hall (q. v.). The American founder of the family was John Hall, family being originally Eng lish, who with his wife, emigrated from Ire land to America, as a protest against the tithe tax then in force, locating in Washington County, Ga., where he settled on a tract of land still owned by his descendants. The older generations of Halls have been planters and physicians. The Davis family is of Scotch- Irish stock, and all male members on both the Hall and Davis lines, of military age, fought in the Confederate Army, several losing their lives in the cause. Mr. Hall was educated in the common schools of his native town, and has been self-taught by wide, continuous read ing, and contact with public men and events. He began his newspaper career in the office of the Dothan "Daily Sittings," 1905, edited by his brother, W. T. Hall, became local cor respondent for the "Montgomery Advertiser," the following year, and later was assistant edi tor of the Dothan "Home Journal." For a few months during 1907, he edited the Enterprise "Ledger," and in 1908, edited the Dothan "Daily Sittings," acting also as printer. During the fall of the latter year he did newspaper work in Mississippi, and Bessemer; was manag ing editor of the "Selma Times," 1909; editorial writer on the "Pensacola Journal," 1910; asso ciate editor of the "Montgomery Advertiser" from that date to the present. During 1906- 07-08, inclusive, he was corporal in the Dothan company, National Guard. He is a Democrat; a Baptist, and a member of the Kiwanis and the Unity clubs. Married: May 14, 1912, to Claudia McCurdy, daughter of Capt. Cassander John and Alice C. (Reese) English, of Lowndes boro, the former a planter and a steamboat captain in the days of river passenger service, a descendant of pioneer settlers in Monroe County, who were natives of Camden, S. C. The Reese family came to Lowndes County from Harper's Ferry, Va., early in the 19th century, and for a hundred years have been "black belt" planters in Alabama. Among Mrs. English's relations was Dixon H. Lewis (q. v.). Children: 1. Grover Cleveland, Jr. Residence: Montgomery. HALL, JAMES HUGH BLAIR, teacher and Presbyterian minister, was born September 22, 1855, at Hall's Ferry, on the Tennessee River, seven miles east of Madisonville, Monroe County, Tenn.; son of Sylvester Young and Alazannah (Blair) Hall of Tennessee; grand son of James Wiley and Ruth Margaret (Parks) Hall, and of Rev. James and Jane Gamble (Blair) Blair; great-grandson of James and Margaret (Wiley) Hall and of William and Sallie (Simmons) Blair: great-great-grandson of John Blair and of Thomas Rogers, who fought side by side at King's Mountain. The Halls came from Ireland and the Blairs were of Scotch origin. James Hugh Blair Hall passed his boyhood days on his father's farm and received his early education in the old field schools of the neighborhood. He entered Hi wassee college, near Madisonville, in 1869, where he studied until 1872. In that fall he entered the Loudon high school, conducted under the patronage of the Cumberland Pres byterian church; in 1876 he entered the Cum berland Presbyterian university, Lebanon, Tenn., from which he received the A. B. degree, June, 1878; began teaching in Helena collegiate institute, Helena, upon graduation, and has spent, with the exception of three years, the remainder of his life teaching, having had in these years more than two thousand students to pass under his influence. He has taught in addition to the school at Helena, at Highland, Shelby County; Springville, St. Clair County; Pleasant Hill academy, Dallas County; and the Zelosophian academy, Jefferson County. He was pastor of the Cumberland Presbyterian church, Winchester, Tenn., and at Gadsden; was synodical evangelist of the Alabama synod, Cumberland Presbyterian church, for one year, and is now an ordained minister of the Pres byterian church of the United States of Ameriea and is the recognized historian of his church in Alabama. He has in manuscript form a large collection of original writings on family, local and church history, and a number of sermons. He is a Democrat; and a Prohibitionist. Mar- 728 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ried: July 23, 1882, at Montevallo, to Emma Cilicia, daughter of the Rev. William Carroll and Corinne (Carleton) Gardner of that place. Children : 1. Hugh Talmage, m. Myrtice A. Bris- tow, of Calera, lives in Birmingham; 2. Mignon Myra; 3. Ruskin. Residence: Brent. HALL, J. L., Banker. Residence: Montgom ery. HALL, JAMES RICHMOND, manufacturer, was born March 19, 1862, in Webster County, Ga.; son of Dr. Nathaniel B. and Nancy (Boul- ware) Hall, the former of whom was a native of South Carolina, born near Winnesboro, in 1821, a graduate of Charleston medical college, who practiced his profession in South Carolina for a number of years, and went to Georgia about 1857, a planter and slave owner, who served as captain in the C. S. Army, and died December 18, 1902, the latter also a native of South Carolina, born in 1830 near Winnesboro; grandson of John and Mollie (Barber) Hall, and of Benjamin and Sarah (Richmond) Boul- ware, who were married September 14, 1829, and lived and died near Winnesboro, S. C; great-grandson of John Hall, a native of Vir ginia and a soldier in the Revolution under Cipt. Hollis, who came to South Carolina in 1788, t.nd of John Barber, an officer under Robert Emmet in the Irish rebellion of 1798 and of Musco and Nancy (Pickett) Boulware. Mr. Hall was educated in the common schools of the neighborhood, and in the North Georgia agricultural college. He became a civil en gineer, following that profession for a time in the mining district of northern Georgia, and later going to Central America where be was employed from 1885 to 1890. He was in the service of the Honduras government and on the staff of President Bogran, until, after serving for a year as chief engineer on the staff of the president, he accepted a posi tion with the Rosario Mining Company of San Juancito for three years. He returned to Georgia in 1890, located in Atlanta, and es tablished the firm of Hall Brothers, compris ing B. M. Hall, James R. Hall and Maxcy R. Hall. In 1895 he moved to Dadeville and be came engaged in the manufacture of lumber. He supervised the construction of the electric light and power plant of Dadeville, and built the Dadeville Oil Mill. He is a Democrat, a Methodist, a Mason, and a Knight of Pythias. Married: March 18, 1896, to Dettie Smith, of Dadeville, daughter of B. Springfield Smith, who died in Dadeville in 1882. Children: 1. James Richmond, jr. Residence: Dadeville. HALL, RICHARD, Baptist minister, was born July 22, 1865, at Stanningley, near Leeds, York shire, England; son of James and Emma (Tet- ley) Hall, the former a native of Garstang, Lancashire, England, who was a grocer at Bol ton, Lancashire, the latter who lived near Leeds, England; grandson of Richard Hall. He at tended Bolton Grammar School, at Bolton, Eng land, and won a scholarship there. At the age of twenty, he left England and came to Nash ville, Tenn., where for eight years he was em ployed as stenographer and secretary in law and railroad offices. He attended Richmond college, Virginia, 1891-1892, and spent three years at the Southern Baptist theological sem inary, Louisville, Ky., graduating in 1899 with the degree of Th. M. He received the honorary degree of D. D. from Howard college, 1909. He was ordained to the Baptist ministry in June, 1899, at Nashville, and has served pas torates at Florence, Orrville, Montevallo, and Evergreen. He is a Mason and a Knight of Pythias. Married: April 13, 1893, at Demopolis, to Margaret Lenoir Pearce, daughter of Augus tus and Eleanor Cox Pearce, who lived in Washington County, the former who served in the cavalry of the C. S. Army during the entire War of Secession. Children: 1. Eleanor Tetley; 2. Joseph Pearce; 3. Elizabeth Lenoir, deceased; 4. Mary Ellis. Residence: Evergreen. HALL, ROBERT FOWLER, farmer, was born July 21, 1874, at Hardwicksburg, Henry County; son of Reuben Hickland and Kittie Massey Kisiah (Hardwick) Hall; the former was a Georgian, emigrating in 1845 to Henry County, where he resided until his death, and was a Confederate soldier and farmer; grandson of William Hall a native of Ireland, who came to Washington County, Ga., in colonial times, and represented the county in the legislature one term, and of Robert N. and Sarah (Watt) Hard wick, who lived in Henry and Coosa Counties. Mr. Hall was educated in the common schools of his native county. He is a farmer and has specialized in the production of foodstuffs and live stock. From 1910 to 1914 he was road supervisor of Henry County, and represented Henry County in the Legislature of 1919. He is a Democrat and was a member of his county ex ecutive committee from 1898 to 1904. Mr. Hall is a Missionary Baptist, and is a Mason and Woodman of the World. Married: February 15, 1894, at Shorterville, to Oberia, daughter of John and Rebecca (Barnes) Dukes, of Ft. Val ley, Ga. Children: 1. Edward Hickland; 2. Mary Eunice; 3. Robert Hugh; 4. Martin Luther; 5. Helen Gertrude; 6. John Thomas; 7. Rabon Fowler; 8. Kittie Rebecca; 9. Oberia Inez; 10. James Woodrow; 11. William Loring; 12. Eva Elizabeth, deceased. Residence: Shorterville. HALL, THOMAS JUDGE, machinist and leg islator, was born April 22, 1858, at Autauga ville, Autauga County; son of David M. and Caroline (Holiman) Hall, the former a native of Gwinnett County, Ga., who removed to Au taugaville; grandson of Benjamin and Ann Holiman, of Autauga ; great-grandson of Ly man Hall, of Gwinnett County, Ga., one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. He received a common school education and early in life started to work in a cotton mill in Prattville; later he turned his attention to machinery and for several years was the en gineer of the Mutual compress in Montgom ery. He was one of the members from Mont gomery County in the house of representatives of 1903. He is a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: December 1, 1879, to Dora, daughter of Middleton D. and Annie D. Fisher. Chil dren: 1. Margaret, m. J. K. Seale, Nashville, Tenn.; 2. Lurline, m. Harry John Pettus, Nash- GRIFFITH RUTHERFORD HARSH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 731 ville, Tenn.; 3. Ellen M., m. Mittie Bodiford, Crenshaw County; 4. E. Leo, m. Maggie Wilson, Montgomery; 5. Thomas J., m. Georgia Lyle, Montgomery; 6. Wallace Howard, unmarried. Residence: Montgomery. HALL, WILLIAM, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 84, and a resident of St. Clair County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on July 20, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $36.34; sums received to date of publication of list, $90.85. — Revolutionary Pen sion Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HALL, WILLIAM BONNELL, jr., vice-chan cellor University of the South and physician, was born January 3, 1866, near Benton, Lowndes County; son of William Bonnell and Susan Juliet (Anderson) Hall, sr. He was educated by governesses and tutors in his father's home and prepared for the University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., from which he graduated in 1885, with the degrees of C. E., B. S., and A. M. He also graduated from the University of Virginia, medical department, in 1890, did post-graduate work in New York City hospitals, 1890-91, and became assistant physi cian in Bryce hospital, Tuscaloosa, 1891-93; health officer and professor of physiology, ma teria medica and physic, University of the South, and practiced medicine at the same time, 1893-1907; practiced in Montgomery, 1908-09; and was elected vice chancellor of the Univer sity of the South, 1909. He is a Democrat; a Mason; a Shriner; a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon college fraternity; and an Episco palian. Married: February 9, 1898, at Greens boro, to Irene Semple, daughter of Nicholas Cobbs and Charlotte Walker (Cobbs) Ellerbe, of Montgomery and granddaughter of Bishop Hamner Cobbs (q. v.). Children: 1. Lucy Lan- den. Residence: Sewanee, Tenn. HALL, WILLIAM THEODORE, editor, was born October 25, 1871, at Halesburg, Henry County; son of William R. and Permelia (Davis) Hall, the former a native of Milledge ville, Ga., later a resident of Halesburg and Dothan, was a member of the Sixth Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and died in 1914, aged seventy -nine ; grandson of Reuben H. and Mary Ann (Strange) Hall, and Toliver and Elizabeth (Hobbs) Davis, the former residents of Washington County, Ga., later removing to Henry County, the latter of Cotton Hill, Ga. He was brought up on a farm, and was edu cated in the public schools of Henry County; removed to Dothan in 1897; and is the owner and editor of the "Dothan Eagle." He is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Mason; and a Shriner. Married: November 10, 1896, to Josie, daughter of John W. and Lou Ann (Ashley) McKissack, of Haleburg. Children: 1. Julian; 2. Horace; 3. Theo; 4. Helen; 5. Frances. Residence: Dothan. HALL, WILLIAM WALKER, farmer and leg islator, was born June 25, , at Halls Mills, Marion County; son of William Rufus and Vol. Ill— 47 Martha Jane /'Morrow) Hall; grandson of Mor ris and Sarah Hall, who removed to Lawrence County, from North Carolina in 1821, where they resided the rest of their lives, and of Sam uel and Hanna Morrow, of Dallas, later Perry County. He was educated in the common schools of his native county. He is a farmer. He has twice been sheriff of Marion County, 1892-96, and 1900-06. He represented his county in the legislature of 1919. Married: Mary Lou Ellen, daughter of John Middleton and Temperance (Brown) Goggans; granddaughter of Col. Kimbrough T. Brown, representative in the State legislature from Marion County, 1851, and 1855-59. Residence: Hamilton. HALLONQUIST, JAMES J., major and later lieutenant colonel, 2nd battalion of Alabama artillery, C. S. Army. HAM, JAMES NOAH, lawyer, was born Sep tember 17, 1864, in Coffee County; is the son of Philip Jefferson and Mary Amie (Carroll) Ham, and the grandson of James and Susan (Mathews) Ham, the former who lived in Crawford county, Ga., until 1855, when he moved to Coffee county, and of Noah and Elizabeth (Mancil) Carroll, the former who moved from North Carolina at some time in the thirties, and settled in Covington County, where Florala now stands, where he married and afterwards moved to Coffee County, and who was twice wounded in fighting the Indians in 1836. Philip J. Ham was born in Crawford County, Ga.; lived at Elba; was sergeant of Co. A, thirty-third Alabama regiment, and lost his left arm at the battle of Perryville; was at one time treasurer of Coffee County, and was mayor of Elba in 1904. James N. Ham received his early education in the country schools of Coffee county. He attended the University of Alabama in 1883, '84 and '85, but was compelled to withdraw from the school on account of his low state of health. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1893; he practiced at Elba until 1898, when he went into the saw and planer mill business; in 1900 engaged in the mercantile business; sold out two years later and resumed the practice of law; was mayor of Elba in 1896, 1907 and 1908; then moved to Enterprise, and in 1909 was appointed by Gov. Comer judge of Coffee County court, serving until 1911. He is a Democrat, and acted as councilman of Elba several times between 1895 and 1906; is a Methodist and was superintendent of Sunday school, trustee of church property and steward about twelve years; is a Knight of Pythias. Married: July 20, 1887, at Elba, to Lena Lee, the daughter of Edward David and Mary (Hammond) Lee, of Elba, Ala. Edward D. Lee was a lieutenant in Co. K, thirty-third Alabama regiment, C. S. Army; two of his brothers were at different times captains of the same company. Children: (1) Leila, d. in infancy; (2) Lawrence; (3) Lorena; (4) Leon; (5) Lena Lee. Residence: Enterprise. HAM, PHILIP JEFFERSON, farmer, was born April 7, 1841, in Crawford County, Ga., and died August 8, 1915, at Elba; son of James 732 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and Susan (Matthews) Ham, natives of Edge field District, S. C, who removed to Georgia, and in 1858 to Coffee County, near Elba; and grandson of Philip Matthews, of Knoxville, Ga. He was reared on a farm and received a limited education in the public schools of the vicinity. He enlisted in Co. A, 33rd Alabama infantry regiment in 1862, and was wounded at the battle of Chickamauga, furloughed home pending recovery; re-joined his command at Dalton, Ga., 1864, and lost his arm due to wounds received at the battle of Peach Tree Creek. After the war closed he returned to agricultural pursuits and became a large land owner. Married: (1) July 5, 1859, to Mary, daughter of Noah and Elizabeth Carroll, na tives of South Carolina, but reared in Cov ington County, to which they emigrated dur ing the territorial period; (2) in 1890, Jessie, daughter of ex-Gov. James and Mary Ann (Hall) Woodward, natives of Tennessee and Florida, the former for many years a success ful physician in Pensacola, Fla. There were ten children by the first marriage and three by the second. Children: 1. Frances Emma, m. A. J. Bryan; 2. James Noah, m. Lena Lee; 3. Philip Jefferson, jr., m. Jessie Roberts; 4. Susan Elizabeth, m. E. W. Cox; 5. Mary Ada, m. John B. Rushing; 6. William Washington, jr., m. Fannie M. Rushing; 7. Gertrude Alzada. m. William M. Bailey; 8. Gerusha, m. Elon Edwards; 9. Benjamin Stevens; 10. Carrie, m. Levi C. Powell; 11. Norman Leo, m. Myrtle Shealy; 12. Jessie; 13. Bicker. Last residence: Elba. HAMBRICK, J. M., lieutenant colonel, 4th, Russell's, Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. HAMBURGER, MAX, newspaper man, was born February 7, 1876, at Whistler, Mobile County; son of Max Hamburger, who was born at Burnt Corn, Monroe County, and lived at Blakely, Baldwin County, and in 1865 entered the C. S. Army; grandson of Max and Tempie (McKenzie) Hamburger of Mobile, the former a native of Germany, who went to California in 1849 after the death of his wife, and was un heard of after 1853, and of Mathew and Caroline (La Wren) Gaston, the former was a pilot on the Alabama River for many years, and who lost four uncles in the Revolutionary War. Max Hamburger was educated in the public schools of Whistler, and at Barton Academy, Mobile. He began newspaper work in 1894; became tele graph editor of the Mobile "Register" in 1895; has been manager and owner of the Mobile "Daily Herald" for many years; was president of the Mobile jury commission, 1902-1908; chairman of the Alabama battleship commis sion, 1900; honorary member of the Mobile Rifles, 1893-1898; president of the Mobile Press Club, 1900-1904; president of the Mobile Com mercial Club, 1902-1907; was State senator from the thirty-third district, 1907-1911; is a Demo crat; a Baptist; Mason; Knight Templar; Shriner. Residence : Mobile. HAMER, NOEL RIGG, Methodist minister, was born November 1, 1854, at Rochdale, Lan cashire County, England; son of James and Maria (Rigg) Hamer, who, lived at Sheffield, Manchester, Durham and Rochdale, England, the former of whom was a Methodist preacher for sixty-three years, from 1831 until 1894; grandson of Charles and Sarah Hamer, who lived at Manchester, England, the former a Methodist minister from 1801 until 1842, and of Edmund and Mary Riggs, who lived in Lon don, England; great-grandson of John Hamer, one of Wesley's "helpers" from 1772 to 1812. He received his early schooling in Manchester; attended Owens college, Manchester, and the University of Oxford, meeting all of . his ex penses at the college and university by teach ing at night and working in his vacations; and spent three years in Wesleyan theological col lege, Didsbury, Manchester, at the end of which time, 1875, he was granted the degree of B. A. from Oxford. He came to America and entered the ministry of the Methodist Epis copal church, South, in north Mississippi, De cember, 1875. He served in the north Missis sippi, western Virginia, Florida, and Alabama conferences, coming to Alabama in 1894. On account of voice failure, he became super annuate in 1910, and is now a resident of Brewton. From 1884 until 1904, Rev. Hamer was Gulf States' correspondent of two London papers. He is author of "An Epworth League's Trip to Europe"; "An Epworth League's Sec ond Trip to Europe"; "Methodism, A Centen nial Sermon"; and "Papers on Methodist His tory." Married: December 8, 1878, in Gaines ville, to Ruth Gertrude Post, daughter of Ac- mon and Azubah (Chapman) Post, who lived at Saybrook, Conn. On both the Post and Chapman sides of the house is a race of Con necticut preachers and missionaries. Chil dren: 1. Mary Russell, teacher. Residence: Brewton. HAMES, WILLIAM MARK, lawyer, was born in Hancock County, Ga.; son of William and Rixpah Z. (Moore) Hames, natives, re spectively, of Virginia and North Carolina, who were married in Hancock County, Ga., and lived there their entire married life; grandson of Jeremiah Moore, a native of Scot land. He was reared and educated at La Grange, Ga., and in 1844 came to Alabama. He taught school in Macon County four years, then moved to Oxford, and taught there for two years. He read law under A. J. Walker, and was admitted to the bar at Jacksonville, September, 1855. Early in 1861, he entered the C. S. Army, joining the Second Alabama state troops as first lieutenant, and later be coming captain of Co. A, Second Alabama regi ment. This command was disbanded at Fort Pillow, and he returned home, reorganized his company, and joined the Fifty-first Alabama regiment as captain. He was with his com mand but a short time, when because of Ill- health he was forced to resign and return home. He had been assistant clerk of the State legislature, 1857-1858, and in 1863 he was elected a member of that body. He was a delegate to the constitutional convention of 1875, and took an active part in its delibera tions. He is a member of the old school Pres- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 733 byterian church. Married: January, 1866, to Mary E. Jones, daughter of James Jones, of Tennessee. Children: 1. Leonidas G.; 2. Liz zie R.; 3. James G.; 4. John N.; 5. Ezra; 6. William. Residence: Jacksonville. HAMILL, HOWARD MELANCTHON, Meth odist minister and Sunday school field-worker, was born August 10, 1847, at Lowndesboro, and died January 22, 1915; son of Edward Joseph and Anne Jane (Simmons) Hamill, the former of Glasgow, Scotland, later promi nent as a Methodist minister in Alabama, 1840-75, and chaplain of Cleburne's division in the War of Secession, and the latter of Alabama; grandson of John Hamill, of Bel fast, Ireland, and of Col. H. F. and Sarah (Burns) Simmons, of the planter class residing in Talladega County. Other lines of relation ship include Governors Bibb and Pickens of Alabama, and Robert Burns, the Scotch poet. He received his early education at the old Tus kegee and Auburn academies; later attended the East Alabama male college at Auburn, now the Alabama polytechnic institute, where he graduated, A. B., 1868, and A. M., honorary, 1900, and D. D. from Illinois college at Jacksonville, 1900. He began his career as a private tutor in families near Opelika, 1877; taught for several years in Clay County; su perintendent of city schools in Missouri and Illinois, 1880-85; president of the Missouri State teacher's association, 1881; entered the Methodist ministry at the age of thirty-five; held various offices in the Illinois Sunday school association; was international Sunday school field secretary, 1896-1902; superintend ent of training work, M. E. Church, South, 1900-15; and chairman of the committee on education, International Sunday school asso ciation, 1902-15. He entered the C. S. Army as orderly sergeant of Company I, Ninth Florida regiment, and for a short time served as or derly to Gen. Robert E. Lee. He was chap lain-general, U. C. V, 1913-15. Author: "The old South"; "The Bible and its books"; "The Sunday school teacher"; "Legion of Honor normal course of study"; "International les son history"; and various other books on the Bible and Sunday school. He was a Demo crat; a Mason and an Odd Fellow. Married: (1J in 1871, to Getrude, daughter of Col. Frank Dillard, of Auburn; (2) July 7, 1885, to Ada L. Tuman, of Jacksonville, 111. Children, all by first wife: 1. Henry Barnes, d. unmarried; 2. Anne Carson, d. in infancy; 3. Frank Scott, resides in Chicago, 111. Last residence: Nash ville, Tenn. HAMILTON, ALFRED PORTER, teacher, was born November 27, 1887, at Marianna, Jackson County, Fla.; son of Jefferson Porter and Elizabeth Gordon (Merritt) Hamilton (q. v.). He received his preparatory education in the common schools of Lowndesboro, Verbena, Evergreen and Geneva; tutor in Southern uni versity, Greensboro, 1906-08; elected assistant professor in ancient languages, 1908-09; gradu ated from the Southern university, A. B., 1908; attended the University of Leipsic, 1909-10; elected fellow in classics, University of Penn sylvania, 1910-11 and fellow in Indio Euro pean philology, 1911-12; received the A. M. degree from the University of Pennsylvania, June 11, 1911; elected professor of Latin and German in Woman's college of Alabama, 1912, which position he filled until 1917; from there he went to Millsap college, Jackson, Miss. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and a member of the Kappa Alpha college fraternity. Mar ried: in 1916, to Charlotte de Golliger. Resi dence: Jackson, Miss. HAMILTON, ANDREW JACKSON, lawyer, was born January 28, 1815, in Madison County, and died at Austin, Tex., April 10, 1875; son of a Madison County farmer and brother of Morgan Calvin Hamilton (q. v.). Gov. Hamilton was educated in the public schools of Madison County, worked on his father's farm for a time, entered into business, took up the study of law, was clerk of the circuit court, and in 1841 was admitted to the bar. He removed to Texas, 1846, located at La Grange, where he resumed the practice of law; was appointed attorney general, 1849; member of the State legislature from Travis County, 1851, and 1853; presidential elector on the Buchanan and Breckinridge ticket, 1856; elected as an Independent Democrat to the 36th congress, 1859-61, where he arrayed him self vigorously against secession; was com missioned brigadier general of the Texas troops in the Federal service, 1862; appointed, 1862, by President Lincoln, and 1865, by President Johnson as provisional governor of Texas; resumed the practice of law in 1866 and was made associate judge of the supreme court of Texas the same year; delegate to the loyalists' convention at Philadelphia, 1866; defeated for governor on the Conserva tive ticket, 1870, after which he retired to private life. Last residence: Austin, Tex. HAMILTON, C. E., lawyer. He was living in Greenville in 1913. HAMILTON, JEFFERSON, Methodist min ister, was born August 24, 1805, at North Brookfield, Worcester County, Mass., and died December 16, 1874; son of James and Lucy (Nichols) Hamilton. He attended Wilbra ham academy, Wilbraham, Mass.; entered the New England conference, M. E. church, and had pastorates at Randolph, Salem and Boston, Mass.; and transferring to the M. E. Church, South, served churches at New Orleans, La., Montgomery, Selma and Tuscaloosa; was president of the Tract society of his church, 1855-56, and resided in Nashville, Tenn., dur ing that year; and was a delegate to the gen eral conference held in New York in 1844 when the church divided on the slavery issue. He was a Democrat, and a Mason. Married: Sep tember 3, 1832, in Maiden, Mass., to Emeline, daughter of Benjamin and Nancy (Barrett) Porter of Maiden, now Melrose, Mass. Chil dren: 1. Watson, m. Charlotte Birch; 2. Mary Ann, m. a Mr. Copeland; 3. Mattie, m. a Mr. Cooper; 4. Hilliard, m. Margaret Bullock; 5. Emma Woolsey, d. in infancy; 6. Lucy Well ington, d. in infancy; 7. Jefferson Porter (q. v.), 734 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY m. (1) Elizabeth Gordon Merritt, (2) Mrs. Clara L. Beeland. Last residence: Mobile. HAMILTON, JEFFERSON PORTER, Meth odist minister, was born February 1, 1856, at Nashville, Tenn., and died November 29, 1911, at Brewton, son of Jefferson and Emeline (Porter) Hamilton (q. v.). He received his preparatory education at Barton academy of Mobile, and the Methodist preparatory school at Summerfield; attended the University of Alabama, 1872-74; one of the charter students at Vanderbilt university, 1875-77; studied medicine in Mobile medical college, 1877-78; licensed to the ministry of the M. E. Church, South, in the spring of 1878; entered the Ala bama conference at Mobile in December, 1878, and appointed to Mobile mission that year; served pastorates at Demopolis, 1881-83; Ma rianna, Fla., 1883-85; Wetumpka, 1885-87; Ma rion, 1887-89; Livingston, 1889-92; Lowndes boro, 1892-96; Verbena, 1896-97; Evergreen, 1897-99; Geneva, 1899-1903; Tuskegee, 1903- 04; Greenville, 1904-07; Ozark, 1907-09; and Brewton, 1909-11. He was a Democrat, and a Mason. Married: (1) December 15, 1885, at Marianna, Fla., to Elizabeth Gordon, daugh ter of Alexander and Frances de Roulhao (Harrell) Merritt, and (2) November 14, 1907, to Mrs. Frances L. Beeland, of Greenville. Children: 1. Alfred Porter, m. Charlotte de Golliger (q. v.) ; 2. Jefferson Merritt, Anniston. Last residence: Brewton. HAMILTON, JOSEPH COURTEN HORN- BLOWER, physician, was born September 23, 1825, in Newark, N. J., and died April 27, 1887, in Mobile; son of William Thomas and Charlotte Elizabeth (Cartledge) Hamilton (q. v.); brother of Thomas A. G. T. and Peter Hamilton (q. v.). He received the M. D. degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1845 and began the practice in New Orleans, La. In 1850 he removed to Mobile where he was in active practice until his death. He was an honorary member of the Washington light in fantry, having been a private in that company during the Mexican War, and during the War of Secession was made surgeon of the 1st regi ment, Alabama volunteer infantry, C. S. Army, with the rank, in 1862, of major. At Port Hud son he was made a prisoner and was put by the Federal authorities in charge of a hospital ship, carrying both Union and Confederate wounded and sick, which was sent down the Mississippi River to some point on the Sound. He was an Episcopalian. Married: (1) Janu ary 15, 1852, at Boligee, Greene County, to Lucy Barbour, daughter of Judge Henry and Fran ces (Barbour) Minor (q. v.) ; (2) in June 1868, at Mobile, to Caroline, daughter of John A. Snow, of Mobile. Children: by first wife, 1. Joseph Courten, deceased; 2. Henry Minor, ae- ceased; 3. Frances Barbour, m. Richard Blount Shepard, Mt. Vernon; 4. Charlotte Anna, m. Isaac B. Swift, Bon Secour; by second wife, 5. Peter, married; 6. Frank Snow, married; 7. Mary Etta, m. (1) Mr. Ogden; (2) Dr. P. R. Burton, Laurel, Md.; 8. Martha, m. L. F. Holli day, Washington, Ind.; 9. Caroline, Baltimore, Md.; 10. Josephine Courten, m. C. Windeguth; 11. Helen Butler, m. Frank Artley, Brooklyn, N. Y.; 12. Alexander Drysdale, deceased. Last residence: Mobile. HAMILTON, MORGAN CALVIN, lawyer, was born February 25, 1809, near Huntsville, Madison County, and died in San Diego, Cal., November 21, 1893; son of a Madi son County farmer and brother of Andrew Jackson Hamilton (q. v.). Senator Hamilton was educated in the Madison County public schools, and first entered into the mercantile business. He removed to Texas, 1837; was a clerk in the war department of the Texas Republic, 1839-45; acted as secretary of war for about three years; appointed comptroller of the State treasury, September, 1867; delegate to the constitutional convention, 1868; elected as a Republican to the United States senate on the reconstruction of Texas and re-elected March 31, 1870, serving until March 3, 1877. Last residence: San Diego, Cal. HAMILTON, PETER, lawyer, was born No vember 7, 1817, in Harrisburg, Pa., and died November 22, 1888, in Mobile; son of William Thomas and Charlotte Elizabeth (Cartledge) Hamilton (q. v.) ; brother of Joseph Courten and Thomas A. G. T. Hamilton (q. v.). He re ceived his early education at the academy in Newark, N. J., and in South Hadley, Mass., was prepared for Princeton college at home and by Prof. Dod, well known author of ma thematical text books, entering in the sopho more class and graduating in 1835. While there he assisted Prof. Joseph Henry in his celebrated experiments which led to the in vention of an electric telegraph. After finishing at Princeton he came to Mobile and taught for a while at Barton academy, at the same time pursuing the study of law under Daniel Chandler and John A. Campbell. He was ad mitted to the bar in 1838 and the University of Alabama conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL. D. in 1876. He was at first asso ciated with Daniel E. Hall, and in 1840, G. F. Lindsay joined the firm. In 1849 he formed a partnership with his brother, Thomas, and this firm was always known as the "Hamil tons." He was assigned the chancery, United States, and supreme court business of the firm. He was for a time United States district attor ney for the southern district of Alabama and as long as he remained in active practice was associated with the Mobile and Ohio railroad company. He was elected to the State senate in 1872 and while in this position in 1876, was chosen as the most suitable person to be sent to Washington as sole democratic com missioner to arrange with Attorney General Williams to secure the neutrality of the Na tional administration between the two legisla tures then assembled at Montgomery. His mission was successful. He served in the house of representatives in 1847 and 1882, and as assistant commissioner aided in the prepara tion of the Alabama code of 1886. More than once he refused a place on the State supreme bench. He was one of the organizers of the Mobile board of trade and the Mobile bar li brary. He was a Whig before the war and DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 735 opposed to secession but after the war became a Democrat. He was not a member of any church but was a regular attendant of the Presbyterian services. Married: (1) Decem ber 27, 1842, at Mobile, to Anna Martha, daugh ter of Jonothan and Cornelia (Walker) Beers, of Georgia, who at one time lived in Mobile; (2) May 23, 1863, to Mrs. Caroline (Cunning ham) Goodman. Children: by first wife, 1. Charlotte Elizabeth, m. George Waring Smith, Selma; 2. Mary S., m. Duke W. Goodman, Mo bile; 3. William Thomas, deceased, m. (1) Anna Walker Begnon, (2) Ida Richards; 4. Peter Joseph (q. v.). Last residence: Mobile. HAMILTON. PETER JOSEPH, lawyer, au thor and federal judge, Porto Rico, was born March 19, 1859, in Mobile; son of Peter and Anna Martha (Beers) Hamilton (q. v.). He graduated from Princeton with the A. B. de gree in 1879, and A. M. in 1882, taking the mental science fellowship; spent the following year at the University of Leipsig; later took the law course at the Universities of Virginia and Alabama, receiving the degree of LL. B. from the latter in 1882; honorary LL. D., 1910, University of Alabama, and in 1911 received the same degree from Spring Hill college. He entered upon the practice at Mobile in 1882 and was later a partner with his father and his uncle, Thomas A. Hamilton. In 1897, at the death of his father, he succeeded to the prac tice of the firm. During 1891-94, he was city councilman; 1894-97, city attorney; and 1911- 13, French consular agent. He was nominated federal judge for Porto Rico by President Taft, very few of whose nominations were taken up for confirmation on account of the deadlock in the U. S. Senate. President Wilson nomi nated him to the same position and the senate confirmed the appointment on March 17, 1913. He qualified before Judge Harry T. Toulmin, at Mobile, ten days later, arrived at Porto Rico, April 10, and opened court on April 14. He has also done much literary work, making a special study of local history and institutions of his part of the South. He is a lecturer of some note having been in 1898, the orator at the St. Stephen's Spanish removal centennial and in 1902 at the Mobile bi-centennial. He is a Presbyterian and a Democrat; member Iber ville historical society of Mobile; Alabama his torical commission; and was a trustee of the Alabama State department of archives and his tory, prior to his removal from the State. Author: "Rambles in historic lands," 1893; "Colonial Mobile," 1897, revised and enlarged, 1909; "Code of ordinances of Mobile," 1897; assisted in compilation of "Code of Alabama," 1886, and also prepared articles for Brickell's "Digest of Alabama decisions," 1888: assisted Hannis Taylor in preparation of his book, "In ternational public law," 1901; "Colonization of the South," in vol. 3, "History of North America," 1904; "The Reconstruction period," in vol. 16, same series; "Mobile under five flags," 1913. Married: June 30, 1891, in Mobile, to Rachel W-. daughter of Dr. James Ralston and Sarah V. (Wheeler) Burgett (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Peter Vernon, deceased; 2. Anna Car- lotta; 3. Rachel Duke. Residence: San Juan, P. R. HAMILTON, THOMAS ALEXANDER GOOD WIN TURNER, lawyer, was bom August 20, 1820, in Harrisburg, Pa., and died February 20, 1897, in Mobile; son of William Thomas and Charlotte Elizabeth (Cartledge) Hamilton (q. v.) ; brother of Peter and Joseph Courten Hamilton (q. v.). He received his early edu cation from private tutors, later attending Woodbridge academy, South Hadley, Mass., and afterwards entered Princeton college where he remained through his sophomore year, remov ing at that time with his parents to Mobile. He was clerk of the chancery court at Mobile; read law under Judge John A. Campbell; and was admitted to the bar in 1844. He began the practice of his profession with his brother, Peter Hamilton, later with S. Griffiths Fisher, then with both, and from 1849 to 1884, during a period of nearly forty years, with his brother alone. After the death of his brother, in 1888, he practiced for a while with S. P. Gaillard, and his nephew, P. J. Hamilton, and subse quently with the latter only. In the fall of 1896 he was compelled, on account of ill health, to retire from active practice. During the War of Secession he served for a time as assistant adjutant general upon the staff of Gen. T. G. Butler, who commanded the State troops. He was one of the organizers of the Board of trade. Upon its consolidation with the Cham ber of Commerce he became chairman of the •committee on rivers and harbors, and did much in getting the work started for the improve ment to the channel of Mobile. For a number of years he was president of the Mobile bar association. He was a Presbyterian. Married: (1) November 24, 1847, at "Baywood," near Mobile, to Lucy Beverly, daughter of Col. John B. and Sarah (Vincent) Hogan (q. v.) ; (2) September 16, 1868, at Mobile, to Henrietta Porcher, daughter of Maj. John and Caroline Rachel (Gordon) Gaillard (q. v.). Children: by first wife, 1. Thomas A., Mobile; 2. Amelia Hogan, m. William McConnell Gaillard; 3. John Hogan, d. young; 4. Lucy Corinne, d. in in fancy; children by second wife, 5. John Gail lard, m. Augusta Jolly Clarkson, Mobile. Last residence: Mobile. HAMILTON, WILLIAM THOMAS, Presby terian minister and teacher, was born Janu ary 22, 1796, in Sheffield, Yorkshire County, England, and died in 1884, in Mobile; son of Peter Hamilton, of Sheffield, England, whose father, tradition says, was a Jacobite in the Rebellion of 1745, and who lost his life and estates. The Hamilton family is of Scotch origin. Rev. Dr. Hamilton was educated at Niter Alia, at Fulneck, near Leeds, and was later transferred to "The Academy," a German college in England designed to train young men for the ministry. He taught in a Moravian school at Mirfield, Yorkshire, later at another Moravian school at Grace Hill, near Belfast and finally in his own school at Chesterfield, Derbyshire. In July 1816, he sailed for Amer ica landing at Charleston, S. C, while his wife who came on another ship, landed at Philadel 736 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY phia. He became principal of the Dauphin County academy, Harrisburg, Pa., in May, 1817, and in 1821 removed to Philadelphia where he opened a private school that was patronized by the influential Quaker families of that city, later uniting his school with the Protestant Episcopal academy, on Locust St. During these years of teaching, he was diligently pur suing his classical education. While in Phila delphia he studied for the ministry and was licensed to preach in October, 1823. He was pastor of the First Presbyterian church New ark, N. J., from 1824 until 1834, when he came to Mobile as pastor of the Government Street Presbyterian church which he served until 1854. Dr. Hamilton received the A. M. degree before coming to Mobile where he received the honorary D. D. from several colleges. Author- "The Friend of Moses," 1852. Married: Feb ruary 16, 1816, at Chesterfield, Derbyshire, Eng land, to Charlotte Elizabeth, daughter of Dr John Cartledge, a physician and surgeon! Children: 1. Peter (q. v.); 2. Thomas A. G. T- (Q- v.) ; 3. Samuel Agnew Christmas, d young; 4. Joseph C. (q. v.). Last residence: Mobile. HAMMAN, PHIL, soldier of the American Revolution. On Saturday, July 3, 1830, the nfty-fifth anniversary of American independ ence was celebrated at Bellefonte, Jackson County, Ala., present at which, among other participants were several Revolutionary pa triots. After the reading of the Declaration of Independence by Henry F. Scruggs, and the delivery of an oration by Hon. Samuel B. Moore, later governor, the company sat down to a plentiful dinner. After this many patriotic toasts were drunk. Only one, and that because of the historic fact it evoked, is here reproduced: "By L. James, Esq.— 'Capt. Phil Hamman: The Savior of Greenbrier— thb' his history is but little known, his intrepidity and patriotism are not less worthy of our commendation.' "After the drinking of this toast, the old soldier rose and said: He thanked the gen tlemen for introducing his name on an occa sion where he had already been too much hon ored. Tho' his history was not much known, he could not object to have the transactions of his life divulged to the world. For nine years he had been in the wars of his country — during a greater part of which he had been engaged in the most dangerous parts of Indian service. He had suffered much; on one occa sion he had been stripped by savage rapacity of every vestige of property he possessed, even the clothing of himself and family — one of his children fell a victim to their cruelty. But not to dwell on the dangers he had endured, he would merely speak of the occasion so kindly alluded to in the toast. When stationed at Fort Randolph, at the mouth of the Big Kanawha, nine hundred Indians set off in a body to make an unexpected attack on the inhabitants of Greenbrier, Virginia. Two men were despatched to apprize the people in that quarter of their approaching danger. In three days they re turned, wounded, and in despair; others were sought for who would carry the express; none were found willing to engage in so dangerous and hopeless an undertaking — when he and one John Pryor (who was afterwards killed by the Indians) painted and dressed in Indian garb, set off, and in forty-eight hours traveled one hundred and sixty miles through the wil derness; they overtook the Indians within twelve miles of the white settlements, passed through their camps, and gave timely warning to the people of their impending danger. — Such preparations were made for security and defense as the occasion permitted. About day light a violent attack was made on Fort Don ley; the conflict was desperate — the door of the Fort was broken open — he stood in it, and re sisted the enemy — 'till it could be shut and fastened. The foe were repelled with great loss, and the country saved from savage bar barity. He said that although he was old and poor, and had not received the compensation promised him by his country, yet he thanked God he was in peace and safety, and could live 'without the aid of public or private charity.' He then offered the following sentiment: "'Our Rulers: May they be just men, fear ing God, and hating covetousness.' " — Southern Advocate, Huntsville, Ala., July 10, 1830. HAMMOND, BURWELL POPE, lawyer and member Alabama legislature, was born Feb ruary 24, 1868, at Ashville, St. Clair County; son of Richard F. and Mary Elizabeth (Pope) Hammond, of Ashville, later living at Attalla. He was educated in the public schools of At talla; at Jacksonville normal college, 1890; and at Winchester, Tenn., 1891; entered upon the practice of law at Gadsden, May 2, 1893; be came city clerk of Attalla in 1896; mayor of that city, 1897; and represented Etowah County in the general assembly of 1901. He is a Demo crat; and a Baptist. Married: June 17, 1900, at Walnut Grove, to Emma Dell Pettit Resi dence: Gadsden. HAMMOND, JOHN D., farmer, was born October 27, 1838, in St. Clair County; son of Richmond and Mary (Ash) Hammond, natives respectively of Lawrence District, S. C, and of Franklin County, Ga., the former of whom came to Alabama in 1816 with his parents, settled on the west bank of the Coosa River, near Greensport, became a farmer there, served in the State legislature at different times from 1835 to 1848, assisted in the organization of many of the earlier counties and did much toward the development of the state, and at his death in 1861 was owner of six thousand acres of land; grandson of Col. John Ash, a soldier in the War of 1812. The paternal grand father was a native of South Carolina, of Eng lish ancestry. The Ash family came originally from Ireland. Mr. Hammond was reared and educated in his native county. He farmed until 1863, when he joined the C. S. Army as a member of a cavalry company of state troops. He served until the close of the war, resumed farming until 1867, and moved to Jacksonville, where for ten years he conducted a hotel. He was elected to the State legislature from Cal houn County, 1880, and served two terms, tak ing an active part in the passage of the Rail- JOHN W. GRAYSON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 739 road Commission Bill and in the law regulating the convict system of the state. His efforts in the interest of education were tireless, and he was conspicuous in the establishment of normal schools at Jacksonville and Livingston, and in aiding the State university, the agricultural and mechanical college and the common schools. He is a Democrat, a Methodist Epis copalian, a Mason and a Knight of Honor. Mar ried: May 18, 1858, to Fannie A. Whisenant, who died in 1884, daughter of William J. Whise nant, of Calhoun County. Children: 1. Walter E.; 2. William Barbour, merchant, b. August 2, 1861, proprietor of the Hammond Inn, m. Sallie Forney Marion, resides at Jacksonville; 3. Anna L.; 4. Peter L.; 5. Mary A. E.; 6. Fannie W.; 7. Katie. Residence: Jacksonville. HAMMOND, SAMUEL, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 88, resided in Sumter County, June 1, 1840. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. HAMNER, EDWARD DELAMAR, lawyer and State senator, was born April 28, 1865, near Abbeville, Henry County; son of the late Rev. Daniel T. and Demaris (Miller) Hamner, the former a native of Marion County, Ga., resid ing at Attalla when he died, was head of the Congregational Methodist church in Alabama; brother of George Wesley Hamner (q. v.) ; grandson of Wesley and Mary (James) Ham ner, and of George and Tempie (Hilliard) Miller, all of whom resided near Greenville, Butler County. The Hamners are of Welsh descent, the first American ancestor being Nicholas Hamner who settled in Albemarle County, Va.; from him is also descended Rt Rev. Nicholas Hamner Cobbs (q. v.), first Episcopal bishop of the diocese of Alabama. Senator Hamner was educated at Hiwassee col lege, Tenn, graduating A. B., 1885, honorary A. M., 1888 ; graduated LL. B. and LL. M. from Georgetown university, Washington, D. C, 1889. He has taught school; clerk United States pen sion office, 1886-1892; special pension examiner, 1892-1897; in 1902, was a member of the house of representatives from Etowah County; and represented the sixth senatorial district in the general assembly of 1907. He is engaged in the practice of law, with mercantile and other busi ness interests. In 1898 he was for a short time editor and proprietor of the "Attalla Journal." He is a Democrat; Baptist; and Knight of Pythias. He is unmarried. Residence: Attalla. HAMNER, GEORGE WESLEY, public offi cial, was born January 10, 1862, near Clayton, Barbour County, and died May 17, 1908, at Attalla; son of Daniel Talley and Demaris N. (Miller) Hamner, the former a native of Buena Vista, Ga., a Methodist minister, a teacher, farmer, and merchant, who lived in Barbour and Dale Counties, and later in Attalla, Eto wah County; brother of Edward Delamar Ham ner (q. v.) ; grandson of Wesley and Mary M. (James) Hamner, natives respectively of Georgia and North Carolina, the former who was an independent soldier in the War of 1836, who came to Alabama in 1843, and re turned to Georgia in 1847, moved again to Ala bama in 1856 and located in Pike County, mov ing to Butler County after the War of Seces sion, and of George Spence and Tempie (Hil liard) Miller, who lived in Barbour and Dale Counties, and near Greenville, Butler County, the latter a first cousin of Henry Washington Hilliard; a relative of Col. Hamner, a tobacco dealer of Lynchburg, Va., and of Nicholas Ham ner Cobb (q. v.). The progenitor of the Hamner family in America was Nicholas Ham ner, who came from Wales and settled in Albe marle County, Va. The lineage of the Hamner family is traced to one "John," a soldier, from Michaelsvelt, Germany, or Brabant, who was knighted by King Henry III, and later was made cup-bearer to the king and given an estate in Flintshire, North Wales. He named the estate "Au Mere" and from the name of the estate came the name, Aumer, later Han- mer, and still later Hamner. Sir Thomas Han- mer was a member of the house of commons in England, for about thirty years, in the days of Alexander Pope. He was elected speaker in 1713, and was created baronet, but the baro netcy died with him in 1846. He was obliged to flee the country at one time and went to France, where he wrote a history of the French revo lution, still in print. One of his descendants was Margaret Hanmer, who married Owen Glendower, the rightful heir to the Welsh throne. Mr. Hamner received his early schooling under his father in Ozark, Dale County; at tended Echo high school; a school under his father at Wynnville, Blount County; the high school at Oak Grove; and an academy in Jones Valley, near Birmingham. He was graduated from Hiwassee college, Monroe County, Tenn., A. B., 1882, and later A. M.; from the Univer sity of Alabama, LL. B., 1885; from the Univer sity of Georgetown, Washington, D. C, LL. M., 1887; from Columbia medical college, Wash ington, D. C, M. D., 1895, from Columbian university, Washington, D. C, Ph. D., 1895, and D. C. L., 1900. He did not engage in the practice of law or medicine, but continued, after graduating professionally, in the U. S. civil service, in the treasury department at Washington, D. C, and continued his historical and literary studies in the afternoon and at night when his departmental work was over. He was in the U. S. signal corps for about a year, and was honorably discharged by Rob ert T. Lincoln, secretary of war. He was ap pointed in the U. S. civil service as clerk in the treasury department, October, 1885; held the office of auditor for the post office depart ment; and rose to the position of stamp clerk. He was connected with that department until a few months before his death. He was author of several extended papers, among them "Re searches upon the Government of the Creek Indians," his thesis at Columbian University, submitted as part of the requirements for the degree of Ph. D. He was never married. Last residence: Attalla. HANBY, GABRIEL, public official and farmer, was of English descent; the names of his parents, and the date and place of his birth are unavailable. Gen. Hanby lived in Henry County, Va., until about the year 1817, when he moved to Alabama, and located on a rich 740 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY farm at Little Warrior, Blount County. He was elected to represent Blount County in the State constitutional convention of 1819, at Huntsville, and helped frame the first state constitution. Immediately afterwards, he was elected to the State senate. He was a Demo crat. Married: Nancy, of North Carolina, daughter of Col. Nicholas and Rebecca (Bad- get) Horn, who moved from North Carolina to the vicinity of Knoxville, Tenn., the former of whom was of Dutch descent, represented his county in the State legislature, and died near Knoxville, 1837. Children : 1. Nicholas Horn, d. in young manhood; 2. Christopher Columbus, m. Miss Cocks, of Knoxville, Tenn., and lived there until about 1864 when he was killed by bushwhackers, his only living child married H. Y. Snow of Atlanta, Ga.; 3. Nancy Stewart, b. February 12, 1814, in Henry County, Va., d. March 4, 1886, m. January 7, 1830, to Mace Tom Pane Brindley, b. February 10, 1801, in Franklin County, Ga., son of Frazier and Phoebe (Rigs) Brindley, served as clerk of the county court for twelve years, and as repre sentative from Blount County in both branches of the State legislature, d. August 30, 1871, children, (1) Gabriel LaFayette, b. November 12, 1830, served in the C. S. Army, was captured and held prisoner at Lake Erie, m. Mary Will- son, resides at Cullman; (2) Phoebe Lavinia, b. February 22, 1833, m. W. J. Dunn, resides in Cullman; (3) Asa Benton, b. October 19, 1835, served in the C. S. Army, was a prisoner at Fort Douglas, d. June 29, 1893, m. 1856, to Peachy Willson, who resides at Somerville; (4) John Hanby, b. February 18, 1838, d. July 14, 1853 (5) Van Buren, b. November 14, 1840, served in the C. S. Army, was wounded at Jackson, Miss., July 3, 1863, and confined to a hospital at Point Clear for a year, d. October 12, 1893, m. Louisa Dondleson, who resides at Somerville; (6) Nancy Manila, b. May 28, 1843, resides at Simcoe; (7) Mace Peete, b. July 25, 1846, served in the C. S. Army, d. October 7, 1873, m. Josephine Galaspa; (8) George Goldth waite, b. August 12, 1849, m. Mattie Haynes, Eyrie, Tex.; (9) Rebecca Virginia, b. November 14, 1851, m. G. C. Glasscock, resides at Cull man; (10) Bethea Portis, b. April 3, 1855; (11) Winston Yancey, b. June 5, 1858, m. Mattie Holmes, resides at Simcoe. Last residence: Little Warrior, Blount County. HANCOCK, ROBERT, soldier of the American Revolution. "Died — At his residence, ten miles northwest from Huntsville, on the 15th inst, The Rev. ROBERT HANCOCK, in the 77th year of his age. He was a native of Notto way County, Virginia. In the year 1790, he emigrated to South Carolina, and from thence in 1811, to his late residence in this county. Mr. Hancock was amiable in his disposition, in dustrious in his habits, and thereby rendered his family both easy, and happy in their cir cumstances. He was a true patriot, and during the great revolutionary struggle felt much in terest for the safety and welfare of his country, and though disabled by an unavoidable accident to render actual service, he did everything in the compass of his power to promote the cause of liberty. But above all, he was a true friend to religion, and a sincere lover of his God; for 52 years he has been an acceptable member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and for about 30 years a local minister of said church. His talents were respectable, his piety deep, his zeal ardent, his conduct irreproachable, his use fulness extensive; in short, he was a light in a benighted land, and like unto a city set on a hill which cannot be hid, — and now, though he is dead, he will be remembered as one of the church's brightest ornaments for more than a half a century. His memory will ever be cher ished with the fondest recollections by his sur viving children, friends, and numerous ac quaintances. But he has gone to the house appointed for all the living, yet our loss is his infinite gain; he is not dead, but is only sleep ing in Jesus. Such will God bring with Him, therefore we sorrow not as those who have no hope. His last illness was long, and his afflic tions severe, yet he evinced the patience and fortitude of a christian soldier; and notwith standing his body was worn down by old age and infirmity, his mind in a great degree re tained vigor until the last; and with the pros pect of eternal life full in view, he calmly sank in the arms of his blessed Jesus. 'Mark the perfect man, and behold the upright, for the end of that man is peace.' 'Let me die the death of the righteous, and let my last end be like his.' " — The Democrat, Huntsville, Ala., April 21, 1831. HANDLEY, JAMES M., major in the 46th' Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. HANDLEY, WILLIAM ANDERSON, con gressman, was born December 15, 1834, near Franklin, Ga., and died June 23, 1999, in Roanoke. He removed to Alabama; attended the public schools; held several local offices at Roanoke; served as a Confederate soldier; and was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-second congress, 1871-73, his seat being unsuccessfully contested by Benjamin W. Norris, of Wetump ka. He was the father of Guy H. Handley, of Roanoke. Last residence: Roanoke. HANES, JAMES O., Methodist minister; member of the North Alabama conference, 1920; general evangelist. Residence: Birming ham. HANNON, MRS. E. C, patriotic worker, was born in 1814 in Milledgeville, Ga., and died in 1898, in Montgomery; daughter of Thomas B. Stubbs, a large cotton planter of Milledge ville, Ga. She was one of the most active workers of the Ladies' Memorial association and served as its treasurer. Married: E. C. Hannon, of Montgomery. She left many de scendants, among these, Thomas E., captain, C. S. Army. Last residence: Montgomery. HANNON, MOSES WRIGHT, brigadier-gen eral, C. S. Army, was born in 1827, in Baldwin County, Ga., deceased; his father was a lawyer and planter and his mother a Miss Wright, was an aunt of Hon. Augustus R. Wright, of Georgia. He came to Montgomery, Ala., in 1847; was in the mercantile business until DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 741 1850; went to California where he remained for eight years, then returning to Montgomery. On the outbreak of the War of Secession, in 1861, entered the military service as lieutenant colonel of the First Alabama cavalry and a few months later recruited the Fifty-third Ala bama, a mounted regiment; served with this command for some time in the Tennessee val ley under Roddy and Forrest; was then placed over a Drigade composed of his old regiment, Young's regiment and Roswell's battalion, both of Georgia, and Snodgrass' battalion of Ala bama; led this command during the last year and a half of the war, serving through the Georgia campaign under Gen. Wheeler and in Gen. Kelly's division. Much arduous service was performed by the brigade and in August, 1864, under its commander made a daring raid on Sherman's rear, capturing about one hun dred men and destroying a wagon-train, in addition to bringing off fifteen hundred beef cattle; followed Sherman into the Carolinas; and was engaged in the last fight of the forces in those states, at Statesboro. As fitting re ward for his services, the commission of briga dier-general was issued to Gen. Hannon, but not received. After the war he removed to Montgomery; engaged in the mercantile busi ness; later took up that business in New Or leans; and in 1870 removed to Texas where he engaged in planting in Freestone County. Married: a Miss Mastin. Last residence: Free stone County, Texas. HANSON, VICTOR HENRY, publisher, was born January 16, 1876, at Barnesville, Pike County, Ga.; son of Major Henry Clay and Anna 0. (Bloodworth) Hanson, the former a native of Barnesville, later a resident successively of Macon, Columbus and Atlanta, Ga., for many years editor and owner of the Macon Telegraph, later owner and editor of the Columbus (Ga.) "Enquirer-Sun;" grandson of James M. Blood- worth of Griffin, Ga.; nephew of Major J. F. Hanson, for many years president of the Cen tral of Georgia Railway and Ocean Steamship Company. He was educated in the public schools of Macon and Columbus, Ga., and for a short while attended Gordon Institute, Atlanta, but when 16 years of age went to work. While still a grammar school boy, Mr. Hanson founded a Saturday paper, "The City Item," one page, two columns wide by six inches deep, all the work of the lad, from typesetting to delivery. Later, when his parents removed to Columbus from Macon, Major Hanson, the father, becom ing editor of the "Enquirer-Sun," the son en larged "The City Item" to many times its original size, made it a Sunday morning paper, and changed the name to "The Columbus Times," and built up a circulation of 2,500 sub scribers. The juvenile venture in newspaper work so prospered that the editor employed a printer in his father's newspaper office to set the type but he solicited the advertisements, wrote the news stories and made deliveries in person, on horseback. When but 15 years of age, he sold his paper and its equipment for more than $2,000. In 1892, he became adver tising solicitor for Nichols & Holliday, Atlanta, advertising managers for the "Atlanta Consti tution," and remained in this association until 1895 when he went to the "Baltimore World," as a solicitor in the classified advertising de partment. In June, 1896, he went to work for "The Montgomery Advertiser" as a solicitor in the circulation department, but within three months was transferred to the advertising de partment as a solicitor, and in less than six months was in charge of the department, and by the end of the year was advertising manager in charge of both local and foreign advertising. Mr. Hanson was employed continuously by "The Montgomery Advertiser," until February 15, 1909, when he removed to Birmingham, the advertising receipts of that paper having in creased through his efforts 500 per cent. Upon going "to Birmingham he purchased a third in terest in "The Birmingham News," from the owner and editor, Gen. Rufus N. Rhodes, be coming with his newly acquired interests, vice- president and general manager of the paper. On March 1, 1910, shortly after the death of General Rhodes, Mr. Hanson purchased from his widow, a majority of the interest in the paper and became its president and publisher. Within the nine years following the circula tion of The News grew from less than 18,000 to over 60,000. On September 12, 1912, a Sun day edition was launched with 23,000 signed subscription orders, and has grown to 61,000 subscribers, with an increase in advertising rates of more than 400 per cent. Soon after his removal to Birmingham, Mr. Hanson was joined by his former employer, Mr. Frank P. Glass, who purchased stock in The News and became its editor, retaining for a while his interest in The Montgomery Adver tiser. This partnership was severed in 1920 when Mr. Hanson purchased the Glass interest in The News. Shortly thereafter negotiations were undertaken for the purchase of The Birm ingham Ledger, which on April 19th, was for mally absorbed by The News. More and more as the years go by Mr. Han son is turning his attention to public service. On January 4, 1920, he announced that The Birmingham News would give a $500.00 loving cup each year, beginning with 1920, to that citizen of Birmingham who had, during the year best served his city. Through his efforts, in February, 1921, the coal operators and strik ing miners composed their differences, securing from each an agreement to abide by any plan of settlement which he might arrange. Mr. Hanson has never sought office, but is an In dependent Democrat. He is a member and deacon in the Independent Presbyterian Church of Birmingham, a Mason and a Shriner. Mar ried: December 28, 1897, at Uniontown, to Weenona W., daughter of Capt. John Henry and Ella (Sims) White, of that place, the former a banker, manufacturer, merchant and planter. Residence : Birmingham. HARALSON, ALONZO LA FAYETTE, plan ter, was born February 1, 1825, and died at Verbena, July 6, 1899; son of William and Permelia (Browning) Haralson. In 1843 he entered the University of Alabama from Col- 742 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY lirene, Lowndes County, and graduated A. B., 1846, receiving honorary A. M., 1851. Married: (1) May 31, 1849, Sarah Chappell; (2) March 30, 1880, Ester Holt. Last residence: Verbena. HARALSON, BENJAMIN BROWNING, elec trical agent, is a native of Alabama and grad uate, B. S„ 1895, of the Alabama polytechnic institute. Since 1895 he has been connected with the General electric company. He is now their agent at Cleveland. Residence: Cleve land, Ohio. HARALSON, CHARLES H., was born in 1851; son of W. B. Haralson. He entered the University of Alabama in 1870 from Selma. No other record is available. HARALSON, JERE, slave and congressman, was born April 1, 1846, in Muskogee County, Ga. He was a slave until emancipated in 1865; removed to Alabama; was a representative in the State legislature, 1870; State senator, 1872; and elected as a Republican to the Forty-fourth congress, 1875-77. HARALSON, JONATHAN, lawyer and asso ciate justice supreme court of Alabama, was born October 18, 1830, in Lowndes County, and died July 11, 1912, in Montgomery; son of Wil liam Browning and Temperance Martin (Dunk lin) Haralson, the former an early settler from Georgia in Lowndes County; grandson of Jona than and Clara (Browning) Haralson, of Greene County, Ga., and of John and Temper ance Martin (Hamilton) Dunklin, who early emigrated from Greenville District, S. O, to Butler County. He was educated in the coun try schools; graduated A. B., 1851, and A.M., 1854, from the University of Alabama; LL. B., University, of Louisiana, 1853; entered upon the practice of law in Selma, 1853. During the War of Secession he served as the agent at Selma of the nitre and mining bureau of the Confederate States. In 1876, Gov. Houston appointed him judge of the city court of Selma, which office he held until 1892, when he was elected associate justice, supreme court of Ala bama. Judge Haralson held this position by successive re-elections until 1910. He was many years a trustee of Howard college, and also of Dallas academy. He was at the time of his death and had been since 1876, a trustee of the Agricultural and mechanical college, now Ala bama polytechnic institute, at Auburn. Mercer university, Macon, Ga., conferred on him the honorary degree of LL. D., 1892. He was a Democrat; a Baptist, serving as president of the Alabama Baptist convention, 1874-1891, in clusive, and as president of the Southern Bap tist convention, 1887-1898, inclusive. Married: (1) April 9, 1859, near Columbus, Ga., to Mat- tie Ellen, daughter of John W. Thompson; (2) May 20, 1869, to Lida J., daughter of Robert H. McFaden, of Greensboro; Children: 1. Mary, deceased, m. George Dent; 2. Caroline; 3. Willie Browning, m. Dr. Livingston Stavely, Washington, D. C. Last residence: Mont gomery. HARALSON, KINCHEN LEE, was born July 15, 1842; son of Col. William B. Haralson. In 1861-62 attended the University of Alabama. No other record is available. HARALSON, WILLIAM JEHU, lawyer and judge, was born at Tellico Plains, Tenn.; son of Peter Bennett and Louise (Humphreys) Haralson, residents of Monroe County, Tenn. He was educated in the common schools of Tennessee and Georgia; read law and began the practice at Lebanon, Tenn.; was solicitor of his circuit, 1850-52; was a captain in the C. S. Army; elected judge of the fifth judicial circuit in 1862, and held that position many years. He was a Democrat. Married: Cornelia Jane, daughter of William Wallace and Letitia Eliza beth (Beson) Macfarlane. Children: 1. Wil liam Wallace (q. v.) ; 2. Jefferson Bennett, phy sician, m. O. A. Moody, at Langston. Last resi dence: DeKalb County. HARALSON, WILLIAM WALLACE, lawyer and judge of the ninth judicial circuit, was born January 11, 1861, at Lebanon, DeKalb County; son of William Jehu and Cornelia Jane (Macfarlane) Haralson (q. v.). Judge Haralson was educated in the common schools of DeKalb County; at the Cumberland univer sity, Lebanon, Tenn., where he graduated, B. S., 1882; University of Alabama, LL. B., 1884; entered upon practice at Ft. Payne; member State senate, 1888-89 and 1890-91; member of the house of representatives from DeKalb County, 1900-01; elected judge of the ninth judicial circuit November 8, 1904, re-elected November 8, 1910, and again in 1916. He is a Democrat; a Cumberland Presbyterian; and a Mason. Married: November 26, 1902, at Ft. Payne, to Fannie, daughter of Andrew Lewis and Cordelia (Lyons) Campbell; granddaugh ter of Lewis and Mary Campbell, who came from Virginia to Alabama in 1860. Children: William Jeff. Residence: Ft. Payne. HARDAGE, JOEL THOMAS, teacher, was born November 4, 1863, at Carrollton, Ga.; son of James McKenny and Sarah (Jackson) Hardage, the former a native of Georgia, who served in Co. I, Second Georgia regiment, C. S. Army, until he was fatally wounded; grandson of Adam and Mariah (Woodall) Hardage, of Wilkinson County, Ga., and of Jesse and Mary (Brady) Jackson who moved from that county to Alabama, the former a veteran of the In dian Wars. Mr. Hardage was educated in the common schools, and in the high school of Rutledge, Crenshaw County. He is a farmer and teacher, and has been for five terms su perintendent of education of Covington County, entering office in 1892. He represented Coving ton County in the State legislature in 1915. He is a Democrat. Married: February 10, 1887, near Rose Hill, to Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Wendell W. and Matilda (Jones) Taylor, of that place, the former who served in Co. B, Eigh teenth Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and as commissioner of Covington County for several terms. Residence: Opp. HARDAWAY, BENJAMIN H., tutor of math ematics at the University of Alabama, Tusca loosa, 1883-86. Residence: Columbus, Ga. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 743 HARDAWAY, JAMES HICKS, cotton mer chant, was born January 8, 1854, at Montgom ery; son of Samuel George and Sarah Pickett (Terry) Hardaway, the former who served in the Mexican War and the War of Secession, for the first two years of the latter was captain of "Montgomery Grays" and was afterward on Gen. Clanton's staff, was elected major-general of the State militia in 1858 and commissioned by Gov. A. B. Moore, the latter who was a niece of Gov. Bibb; grandson of James Hicks and Elizabeth (Raines) Hardaway, of Macon Ga., and of James P. arnd Nancy (Bibb) Terry, of Autaugaville and Montgomery. Representative Hardaway was educated in the public schools of Montgomery, also attended the Alabama poly technic institute for a short time. He began the cotton warehouse business in September, 1869, and has engaged in said business continu ously since that date. He was elected to the legislature from Montgomery County, 1918. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: March 14, 1877, at Montgomery, to Cornelia, daughter of Capt. John M. and Martha Sarah (Stone) Mickle, the former of the eighteenth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, the latter granddaughter of Gen. John Joseph and Re becca (Martin) Mickle and Judge George W. and Mary (Gillespie) Stone. Children: 1. T. R.; 2. James Stone, deceased; 3. John Cor- bin, m. Mary Carroll Jones; 4. Mary Vivian, m. Charles E. Norton; 5. Cecil Gordon, d. in infancy; 6. Edna Elizabeth, d. in infancy. Residence: Montgomery. HARDAWAY, ROBERT EARLY, civil en- giner and professor applied mathematics, was born April 26, 1858, at Columbus, Ga.; son of Robert Archelaus and Rebecca Elizabeth (Hurt) Hardaway. Mr. Hardaway received early education from his mother, at Valam- brosa plantation near Union Springs, then from a Mr. Ware on Chunnenuggee Ridge, at Pitts school of Opelika, and at Lafayette. He obtained his collegiate and professional educa tion at the Agricultural and mechanical college at Auburn, entering in September, 1876, and graduating as first honor man in June, 1878, with the degree of B. E. and as an officer in the cadet corps. Two years later his alma mater conferred on him the degree of C. E. From the year of his graduation Mr. Hardaway has had an active engineering career. In 1878- 79 he was in the government service in the sur vey of Southern Alabama and Western Florida rivers; in 1880-81, he was professor of applied mathematics in the University of Arkansas; became a specialist in railroad locations and relocations, and accomplished many improve ments in the building of lines and in the bet terment of existing lines. His fields of labor have been Alabama, West Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Mexico, Arizona and New Mexico, and his work shows how human vi tality can be preserved and exercised under varying conditions of climate. He is a Demo crat and a Methodist. Married: November 27, 1889, at Livingston, to Matilda Ustick, daughter of George Washington and Matilda Baldwin (Ustick) Dainwood of that place, the former born in the Bear Creek community, two miles east of Columbia, Tenn., came as a young man to Livingston, where he resided at the time of his death; granddaughter of Jacob and Eliza beth (Franke) Dainwood, the former born, in Pennsylvania about 1798 removed to Kentucky in 1800, moved to Maury County, Tenn., set tling two miles east of Columbia, and of Wil liam King and Lydia Farand (Lloyd) Ustick, who moved, in 1836, from Virginia to Living ston ; and the great-granddaughter of Jacob and Margaret Dainwood, who came, about 1750, from Germany to Pennsylvania, the former a soldier of the American Revolution, losing his life in that struggle, and of John Gano Ustick, who moved about 1834, from Virginia to Liv ingston. Children: 1. Robert Early, jr., born September 1, 1890, at Tuscaloosa, graduate of University of Texas (Austin) ; 2. George Dain wood, born, July 22, 1896, at Tuscaloosa; 3. Mathilde Dainwood. Residence: Deming, N. M. HARDAWAY, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS, phy sician, was born January 8, 1850, in Mobile; son of William Augustus and Mary (del Barco) Hardaway. Dr. Hardaway was educated" in the private schools of St. Louis; took special eourses at Westminster college and the Uni versity of Virginia; M. D., 1870, Missouri med ical college; honorary A. M., St. Louis uni versity and LL. D., Westminster college. He was president of the American dermatological society. Author: "Essentials of vaccination," 1882; "Manual of skin diseases," 1890. Editor; with Dr. L. B. Bangs, "American textbook of genito-urinary diseases, syphilis and diseases of the skin," 1898; with Joseph Grindon, "Handbook of cutaneous therapeutics," 1907. Married: January 8, 1877, to Lucy Nelson Page, of St. Louis. Residence: St. Louis. HARDIE, BRADFORD, wholesale grocer, was born March 25, 1859, in Lee County, Ark.; son of James White and Fannie (Bradford) Hardie, the former of whom was born May, 1831, near Huntsville, was graduated from Oglethorpe uni versity, Georgia, 1851, soon after married his first wife, Margaret Caperton, who died a year later, became a farmer first in Jackson County, then in Talladega County where he was mar ried, 1858, to Fannie Bradford, moved to Philips County, Ark., and farmed on a planta tion there until 1861, when he returned to Alabama with his family, enlisted in the Eighth Alabama regiment, commanded by Col. Martin of Mississippi, served as a private until dis charged in 1864 on account of wounds, was elected to the State legislature from Talladega County in 1866, moved to Montgomery in 1867, and entered the wholesale grocery business with Gay, under the firm name of Gay and Hardie, which was carried on until his death in 1884; grandson of John Hardie, who was born in Scotland and came to America when a youth, settling first in Virginia and then coming to Alabama, and of Gen. J. T. Bradford, of Tal ladega County. Mr. Hardie obtained his early schooling in Montgomery, where he came with his parents when ten years of age; and at tended the Agricultural and mechanical college at Auburn. He went to Birmingham in 1882, and was connected with the Birmingham iron 744 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY works until 1884, when he went to Montgomery. Mr. Hardie with Charles L. Gay, son of his father's partner, and John W. Durr, jr., suc ceeded to the grocery house of Gay and Hardie, and the firm became Gay, Hardie and company, under which style it continues. Married: in 1889, to Mary Thornton, daughter of Quinn Thornton, who was at one time a professor on the faculty of Howard college. Residence: Montgomery. HARDIE, JOSEPH, business man, was born June 26, 1833, near Huntsville; son of John and Mary Mead (Hall) Hardie, natives, respec tively, of Scotland and Virginia, the former of, whom came to America at the age of twenty- one, settled near Richmond, Va., then came to Huntsville where he remained eight years, and moved to Talladega in 1834, establishing him self as a merchant until his death in 1848; brother of Robert Alexander Hardie (q. v.). He received his early education in the common schools of the neighborhood; attended the Uni versity of Alabama for some time; and was graduated from Princeton university, A. B., 1855. Later in that year, he went to Selma and became clerk in the grocery-house of Phil-. pot and Lapsley. A year later he became partner in the firm, and in 1859, became sole proprietor. He sold out his business in 1861, enlisted in the C. S. Army, was made adjutant of the Fourth Alabama infantry regiment, served with that command for a year, then left the regiment and raised a battalion of cavalry, known as Hardie's battalion. He remained with that command as major of cavalry until the end of the war. After peace was established, Maj. Hardie merchandised at Talladega until the fall of 1865, then returned to Selma and pursued the same occupation in partnership with James H. Robinson, under the firm name of Hardie and Robinson. He remained in that association for a year, then entered the cotton business. In the fall of 1886, he made investments in real estate in California which were highly success ful. He was for some years an elder in the Presbyterian church, is prominently known in the Young Men's Christian Association through out the United States, and is a member of its international committee for the United States and the British Provinces. Married: December, 1856, to Margaret D., daughter of James and Rubelia (Houston) Isbell (q. v.), of Talladega. Residence: Birmingham. ! HARDIE, ROBERT ALEXANDER, planter and member of the legislature, was born Feb ruary 7, 1838, at "Thornhill" Talladega County, and died August 13, 1912, at Walthall; son of John and Mary Mead (Hall) Hardie, the former a native of Saline, Kinross-shire, Scot land, who migrated to Talladega; brother of Joseph Hardie (q. v.); grandson of Rev. Isaac and Mary (Mead) Hall, natives of Vir ginia but who resided at Florence. Mr. Hardie was educated at Mardisville in his native county. In February, 1862, he entered the Con federate Army as first lieutenant, Co. G, 31st Alabama infantry regiment, and was later pro moted captain. He was a farmer in Perry County from 1866 until the date of his death; was a member of the house of representatives from Perry County in the sessions of 1898-99, and 1900-01, and in 1902 was re-elected. He was a Democrat, and Presbyterian. Married: (1) October 8, 1868, to Daisy, daughter of Thomas M. and Anna Eliza (Perkins) Walthall, of Perry County; (2) Stella, daughter of Charles A. and Mary L. (Peay) Poellnitz, of Marengo County. Last residence: Walthall. HARDIN, JOSEPH, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Tusca loosa County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on October 29, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $26.66; sums received to date of publication of list, $79.98. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HARDING, HORACE, civil engineer, was born May 27, 1828, at Boston, Mass., and died July 29, 1899, at Birmingham; son of Chester and Caroline (Woodruff) Harding, the former a native of Conway, Mass., served in the War of 1812, and was a portrait painter, executing portraits of most of the prominent men of his day, both in America and England, including two royal dukes, four presidents, Webster, Clay and Marshall, the latter of Caledonia, N. Y.; grandson of Abiel and Abigail (Smith) Hard ing, the former a Revolutionary soldier and seventh in descent from Abraham Harding, who landed at Plymouth, Mass., 1624. Horace Harding was educated in the private schools of Springfield, Mass.; at Exeter, N. H.; the University of Vermont; graduated at Harvard, A. B., 1848, under the presidency of Edward Everett; was surveyor of Mobile and Ohio rail road in 1850; city engineer of Mobile, 1853; sur veyed North East and South West of Alabama railroad, now the Alabama Great Southern rail road in 1858; quartermaster sergeant 20th Ala bama infantry regiment, 1861; by order of the Confederate secretary of war made general man ager Mobile and Ohio railroad, 1862-65; super intendent Alabama Great Southern railroad, 1872; U. S. engineer on the Warrior and Tom bigbee Rivers, 1874-96; was alderman of Tusca loosa, 1880-82. He was a Democrat and a Mason. Married: May 31, 1859, at "Hill of Howth," near Boligee, Greene County, to Eliza R., daughter of William P. and Eliza Williams (Chotard) Gould of Tuscaloosa and Greene Counties, the latter a granddaughter of John Charles Chotard, a French engineer who came to America during the Revolution and settled at Washington, Ga., in 1790. Children: 1. W. P. G. Harding (q. v.), m. Amanda Moore; 2. Chester Harding, lieutenant colonel corps of en gineers, U. S. Army and engineer commissioner of the District of Columbia, m. Flora Krum, of St. Louis, Mo. Last residence: Birmingham. HARDING, WILLIAM PROCTOR GOULD, hanker, governor Federal reserve board, was born May 5, 1864, at Boligee, Greene County; son of Horace and Eliza Proctor (Gould) Hard ing (q. v.). His primary education was re ceived under Dr. Warfleld C. Richardson, Prof. Joseph M. Dill, Col. W. D. Fonville, and Prof. W. H. Verner, all distinguished preparatory instructors of Tuscaloosa; entered the Unl- DR. BENJAMIN G. COPELAND DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 747 versity of Alabama in 1878 and graduated, A. B., 1880, and A. M. 1881; graduated at Pough keepsie (N. Y.) business college in 1881; en tered the banking house of J. H. Fitts and Co., of Tuscaloosa the following year and remained there in a clerical capacity for three years; removed to Birmingham as assistant cashier in the Berney national bank, a position he re tained from 1886 to 1893, when he was pro moted cashier. In 1896 he became vice-presi dent of the First national bank of Birmingham, and in 1902 president of that powerful financial institution. He served as director in the Bir mingham railway, light and power company and various other enterprises; president Alabama bankers association, 1908, and president of the Birmingham chamber of commerce in 1913. In 1914 on the creation of the reserve banking system, he was appointed by President Wilson as a member of the Federal reserve bank, the appointment necessitating his removal to Wash ington, and in 1916, on the resignation of Charles S. Hamlin as governor, he became his successor. He is a Democrat; a Mason; and an Episcopalian. Married: October 22, 1895, in Birmingham, to Amanda, daughter of Syden ham and Mary E. Moore, who resided at Eutaw, prior to their removal to Birmingham; and granddaughter of Col. Sydenham Moore (q. v.). Children: 1. Elizabeth, 2. Margaret, 3. Alice. Residence: Washington, D. C. HARDWICK, WILLIAM HENRY, planter,' merchant and editor, was bora June 25, 1808, in Richmond County, Va., and died October 16, 1851, at Montgomery. He was of English an cestry, descended from Elizabeth Hardwick of Hardwick Hall, England, who was a friend of Queen Elizabeth. Mr. Hardwick was edu cated in Westmoreland County, Va., and re moved to Montgomery about 1838. He was a planter, clothing merchant, of the firm of Hard wick and Moore, and held an interest in the "Montgomery Advertiser" for which paper he did editorial writing. He was a Methodist. Married: in 1841, to Sarah Eugenia, daughter of Hooper and Mary (Shellcott) Caffey; grand daughter of John Caffey (q. v.). Children: 1. John Clark, student at the University of Ala bama, 1857-58, private in first company from Montgomery that entered the Confederate army, tax assessor for that county, 1864-65, and after the war a railroad employee, d. unmarried; 2. Andrew Caffey; 3. Juliet, m. C. L. Ruth (q. v.) ; 4. William, d. unmarried; 5. Benjamin M., d. young; 6. Samuel H., deceased, vice-president of the Southern railway, m. Algie Ware. All are buried in Oakwood cemetery, Montgomery. Last residence: Montgomery. HARDY, CLAUD, principal of the Wilcox County high school, 1913. Residence: Camden. HARE, CHARLES WOODROPH, publisher and editor, was born September 20, 1857, at Fatama, near Camden, Wilcox County; son of Rev. Charles Woodroph and Miranda (Crump ton) Hare, the former a native of Philadelphia, of English ancestry, for forty years a Baptist minister in Wilcox, Monroe and Dallas Coun ties, clerk of Pine Barron Baptist association Vol. Ill— 48 for twenty-five years, and the latter the daugh ter of Dr. Henry Crumpton, a native of South Carolina who removed to Wilcox County, where he edited a newspaper in Camden, and also practiced medicine, living to the ripe age of ninety years, and a sister of Dr. W. B. Crump ton (q. v.). Mr. Hare received his early in struction in the schools of Wilcox County, and in Mountain View academy, in Morgan County, taught by Rev. Josephus Shackleford, who later became his father-in-law. He spent two years in Howard college during the presidency of Col. James T. Murfee. He read law, entered the Baptist ministry in 1892 and continued in that work for ten years when ill health compelled him to engage in other fields of labor. At various times he edited the "Tuscumbia Demo crat," the "Home Ruler" and the "Alabama Baptist," "Chilton View" and the "Tuskegee News." In 1893 he began the practice of law in Clanton, after which he removed to Tuskegee where he has since resided. In 1892 he was solicitor of Chilton; 1896-97 a member of the city council of Tuskegee; and since 1877 a county member of the board of trustees of the Tuskegee normal and industrial institute, and a member of its executive committee. He has been a consistent advocate of prohibition, is a Democrat; a Mason, and a Knight of Pythias. Married: November 19, 1882, at Trinity, Morgan County, to Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Josephus and Cordelia (Stowe) Shackleford, (q. v.). Children: 1. Charles Edward, living in Richmond, Va.; 2. Annie Louise; 3. Lizzie Mae; 4. Richard Shackleford; 5. William Crumpton. Residence: Tuskegee. HARE, CLIFFORD LE ROY, professor of physical and physiological chemistry, Alabama polytechnic institute, Auburn; graduate of that institution, 1891, with the M. S. degree, and in 1892, the M. A. degree. HARE, FRANCIS W., lawyer, was born April 11, 1878, at Oakbowery, Chambers County; son of Joseph S. and Susan A. (Bullard) Hare, the former a native of Twiggs County, Ga., was teaching in Dale County, Ala., when war was declared, returned to Georgia, enlisted in 11th Georgia infantry regiment, C. S. Army, lost right arm in battle of First Manassas, was tax collector in Lee County many years; grandson of Daniel and Susan (Mizelle) Bullard, of Oak bowery. He received his early education in the public schools of Auburn; graduated at Ala bama polytechnic institute with degree of B. S. 1898; captain in Corps of Cadets, 1897-8; president of his class for four years; president Athletic advisory board, 1898; business man ager foot ball team, business manager of Glo- merata and was voted the most popular stu dent; LL. B., University of Alabama, 1901, be gan the practice of law at once in Monroeville. He was first lieutenant, Co. L, Second Alabama volunteer infantry, April to November, 1898, when regiment was mustered out of the service. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; and a member of the Sigma Nu college fraternity. Mar ried: November 24, 1909, at Monroeville, to Mary, daughter of Nicholas J. and Rebecca (Burgess) Stallworth of that place, the former 748 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY was a Confederate soldier, twice elected pro bate judge of Monroe County. Children: . 1. Nicholas S. Residence: Monroeville. HARGRAVE, WILLIAM, soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Ma rengo County; ensign N. C. Continental Line; enrolled on January 25, 1818, under act of Con gress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from June 15, 1818; annual allowance, $240; sums received to date of publication of list, $501.32. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HARGROVE, ANDREW COLEMAN, lawyer' was born December 18, 1837, in Tuscaloosa County, and died December 6, 1895, at Tusca loosa; son of John and Martha (Hinton) Har grove, the former a native of Georgia, the lat ter of North Carolina, both of English descent; grandson of Rev. Dudley and Mary Elizabeth Hargrove, early settlers in Pickens County, who moved from there to Tuscaloosa. He ob tained his preparatory schooling at the academy of Jacob Baker, at Jonesboro, Jefferson County, and was graduated from the University of Ala bama, B. A., 1856. He read law under Judge E. W. Peck in Tuscaloosa, entered the Cumber land law school, Lebanon, Tenn., 1858, and the Harvard law school, Cambridge, Mass., from which latter institution he was gradu ated LL. B., 1859. He began to practice law in Tuscaloosa, 1860; enlisted in the Warrior Guards, under R. E. Rodes, afterwards a gen eral in the C. S. Army; served with that com pany for a year; was promoted to lieutenant in Lumsden's battery; and served all through the war in the western army under Bragg, Johnston, Hardee, and Hood. After the war, he resumed the practice of law in Tuscaloosa,, forming partnerships, at different times, with Philip A. Fitts, B. B. Lewis, and Adrian S. Van de Graaff. He was a member of the State con stitutional convention of 1875; was elected State senator, 1876-1880, and re-elected 1880- 1884; was elected to the house of representa tives, 1884-1885; was returned to the senate, and chosen president of that bodv, 1888-1892. Together with Dr. E. A. Smith and Hon. I. Burns Moore, Prof. Hargrove was appointed by Gov. O'Neal to select the forty-six thousand eighty acres of land granted by the act of congress, April 24, 1884, for the benefit of the University of Alabama. He was elected land commissioner of the University of Alabama, 1885-1895; and was elected professor of law in that university, in 1888, which position he was filling at the time of his death. In 1890 he was appointed trustee of the Alabama State asylum, and in 1892 was elected president of the Ala bama State bar association. He was a Demo crat, a steward in the Presbyterian church for more than twenty-five years, and past dictator in the Knights of Honor. Married: December 5, 1865, at Tuscaloosa, to Cherokee Mims, daughter of Robert and Priscilla Cherokee (Taylor) Jemison, who lived at Tuscaloosa, the former, born in Lincoln County, Ga., came with his father from Twigg County, Ga., to Tusca loosa, a lawyer, who was distinguished in Ala bama history as a legislator and member of the senate of the C. S. A.; granddaughter of Wil liam and Sarah (Mims) Jemison, first cousins, natives of Lincoln County, Ga., who moved to Twiggs County where they owned large tracts of land, then came to Alabama and settled on a plantation on Black Warrior River, where they are buried, the estate being yet in the possession of their descendants, and of Green berry and Elizabeth (Van Meter) Taylor, who lived at Linden ; great-granddaughter of Robert and Margaret (Kirkham) Jemison, both of Scotch-Irish parentage, the former of whom was born on a farm near Philadelphia, Pa., moved to Lincoln County, Ga., where he was married, then moved to Twiggs County, where he spent the remainder of his life; great-great- granddaughter of Robert and Sarah Jemison, who were Scotch-Irish and came to America some time before the Revolutionary War, set tled on a farm in Pennsylvania, near Phila delphia, then followed two of their sons to North Carolina, and died in that state. Chil dren: 1. Minnie Cherokee, m. Adrian S. Van de Graaff (q. v.), Tuscaloosa; 2. Robert, physician, b. August 3, 1874, d. August 30, 1909, was grad uated from the University of Alabama, B. L., LL. B., 1896, and from the medical college at Mobile, M. D., 1891, practiced laW for a few years, then practiced medicine, m. Amelia Louise Brown, last residence, Tuscaloosa. Last residence : Tuscaloosa . HARGROVE, LEMUEL, major and later lieu tenant colonel, 39th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. HARGROVE, ROBERT KENNON, bishop, Methodist Episcopal church, South, was born September 17, 1829, in Pickens County, and died in 1905; son of Daniel Jones and Laodicea (Brantley) Hargrove. He entered the sopho more class of the University of. Alabama, in October, 1849, and was graduated with second honors, A. B., 1852, delivering the salutatory address in Latin, and A. M., 1855. He was in structor in mathematics, 1852-1853, at the Uni versity of Alabama; succeeded Prof. Benagh as professor of mathematics in 1853; and was associate professor of mathematics, 1854-1857. He was licensed as a Methodist minister in 1857, and was pastor of churches at Columbus, Miss., Mobile, Lexington, Ky., and Nashville, Tenn., 1857-1865; was president of the Cen tenary institute, Summerfield, 1865-1867; was president of the Tennessee female college, Franklin, Tenn., 1868-1873; and preached on sta tions, 1873-1882. He served as chaplain in the C. S. Army during the War of Secession. The degree of doctor of divinity was conferred upon him by Emory co'lege, Oxford, Ga., in 1872. He was elected bishop of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, in 1882; was a member of the Cape May commission which met in 1876 for the purpose of settling the differences be tween the Methodist churches, north and south; and was a member of the committee on federa tion in 1898. He served as secretary of the college of bishops, 1884-1900; succeeded Bishop McTyeire as president of the board of trus tees of Vanderbilt university, May, 1889; and was president of the board of management of DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 749 the Epworth league of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, 1894-1898. He was the first to urge the adoption of the bond scheme that saved the book concern of the Methodist church, at Nashville, from bankruptcy, and was originator of the department of women's work to secure comfortable homes for the clergymen of the church, forced by the itinerant system to make frequent changes of residence. Married: (1) November 10, 1852, at Tuscaloosa, to Harriet Cornelia, daughter of David Scott, a cotton manufacturer of Tuscaloosa; (2) June 20, 1895, in Kansas City, Mo., to Ruth Eliza Scarritt, of Missouri. Last residence: Nashville, Tenn. HARKNESS, ROBERT, planter, was born on December 5, 1813; son of William and Anna R. (Baskin) Harkness, the former a' native of County Tyrone, Ireland, who emigrated to America when a small boy, and removed to Greene County in 1827, the latter a native of Abbeville District, S. C; grandson of Robert Harkness, a Scotch-Irishman, native of County Tyrone, Ireland, who emigrated to America, settling first in Pennsylvania, later in North Carolina and finally in South Carolina, a planter and soldier of the Revolution. Mr. Harkness was educated in the common schools. He spent almost his entire life on his farm in Greene County. He served as tax collec tor, justice of the peace, and during the War of Secession as colonel of the county home guards at Clinton. He was a Presbyterian. Married: in 1858, to Civille A., daughter of Calvin J. Gulley, of North Carolina who re moved to Alabama in 1832, settling in Greens boro. Children: 1. Mary E., m. William G. Hix; 2. Annie B.; 3. Civille; 4. Robert B.; 5. William C; 6. Eva. Last residence: Greene County. HARMAN, ARTHUR FORT, teacher, was born August 10, 1875, at Lexington, Lexington County, S. O; son of Marion DeKalb and Ellen Scotto (Rawl) Harman, the former of Lexing ton, the latter of Batesburg; grandson of Capt. Reuben and Louisa (Rauch) Harman of Lex ington, and of David and Sarah Emeline (Cor ley) Rawl of Batesburg. He received early education in public and private schools of Lexington; graduated, 1896, from the Peabody college for teachers; student at University of Nashville, 1896-1897; taught in rural schools in South Carolina, 1893, 1897, 1898; rural schools in Tennessee 1898; assistant princi pal and teacher of English and Latin in Brew ton, 1898 to 1901; principal Centerville high school, 1901-1902; superintendent New Decatur public schools, 1902-1904 and 1906-1908; su perintendent Florence public schools, 1904- 1906; superintendent public schools Selma, 1908-20; appointed superintendent of educa tion, Montgomery County, June 15, 1920. Joint author, "Code of Ethics of Alabama educational association" adopted by that body 1909; au thor: of the following papers and addresses: "The professional teacher;" "The functions of the school;" "The child in the midst;" "The mission of the teacher;" "Discipline;" "My philosophy of life;" "Fishers of men;" "Robert E. Lee, An address on the 106th anniversary of his Birth;" "The relation of the superintend ent to his teachers;" "Standardizing results of teaching;" "The relation of professional spirit to teaching; efficiency;" "The relation of the school to the child;" "Some local educational needs;" "Local taxation;" address as president Alabama Educational Association, 1911. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; Woodman of the World; Knight of Pythias; and was president of the Alabama educational association, 1911. Married: December 24, 1900, in Montgomery, to Anna Rebecca, daughter of John Bosworth and Jane Maysey (Mathews) Fuller, of Mont gomery (q. v.). Children: 1. John Fuller; 2. Arthur Fort, jr.; 3. Marion DeKalb, jr. Resi dence: Montgomery. HARMON, ROBERT L., lawyer, president of the- Prattville cotton mills, was born August 29, 1865, in. Butler, Ga., and died February 2, 1914, in Montgomery; son of John Fletcher and Nancy Bateman Harmon, who moved to Bullock County, near Union Springs, in his in fancy, and later settled in Orion, Pike County, where he received his early education in the county schools. Later he attended the Univer sity of Alabama, completing only the sophomore and junior years, 1887-89; entered the law de partment, graduating in 1891. He located at Troy, where he practiced for several years; moved to Montgomery and was associated in the practice with John D. Roquemore and Jo seph M. White; later he became the senior partner in the firm of Harmon, Dent and Weil. In 1901, he was appointed president of the Prattville cotton mills; holding this position until his death. He was a Democrat; Mason; and a Baptist. Married: January 9, 1901, in Montgomery, to Mary, daughter of Barry L., and Louise (Noble) Holt (q. v.). Children: 1. Barry Holt; 2. Robert Lee. Last residence: Montgomery. HAROLD, ANDREW, lumberman and mer chant, was born in October, 1851, in Germany, and died September 13, 1893, at Brewton; son of Henry and Dora Harold, farmer, natives of Germany, who migrated to Escambia County in 1853. He was only two years of age when brought by his parents to Alabama, and his edu cation was secured in Brewton. He entered the timber business when nineteen years of age, and later made a mercantile connection with his brothers. The firm became known as the Har old mill company, of which G. C. Harold was president, and its activities included the man ufacture of yellow pine lumber and timber, pine and cypress shingles, and deals in all kinds of merchandise demanded by the general trade. Married: October 6, 1874, to Malinda Oliver, daughter of Miles Hawkins of Pike County. Children: 1. William A.; 2. Lenna D.; 3. Walter H.; 4. Charles Louis (q. v.); 5. George O; 6. Leona D.; 7. Ralph M. Last residence: Brewton. HAROLD, CHARLES LOUIS, secretary and manager Birmingham civic association, was born January 1, 1882, at Brewton, Escambia County; son of Andrew and Malinda (Haw- 750 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY kins) Harold (q. v.). He attended the Brew ton collegiate institute from which graduated in 1898; entered the Alabama polytechnic in stitute, and graduated, 1900, with the degrees of B. S. and M. S. For several years he did reportorial and staff work for the "Montgomery Advertiser"; read law, and began the practice in Montgomery, 1910; organized the Montgom ery savings bank in February, 1912, of which he became president; president Alabama Poly technic institute alumni association, 1910-12. He removed to Birmingham and is now secre tary and manager of the Birmingham civic association of that city. He is a Democrat; Methodist; and Knight of Pythias. Married: January 23, 1910, at Brewton, Ethel, daughter of E. D. and Esther E. Downing, of that place. Children: 1. Charles Louis, jr. Residence: Birmingham. HARPER, JUDGE COMMODORE, teacher, was born March 3, 1875, near Columbiana, Shelby County; son of Judge Doctor Franklin and Elizabeth (Henderson) Harper, the former who was a member of Co. E, Twenty-ninth Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, was a planter, and died in Shelby county, June 2, 1914; grandson of William and Betty (Black- erby) Harper of North and South Carolina, and of Pleasant J. Henderson of Georgia. Senator Harper was educated in the rural schools of Shelby County, at the Thorsby normal school, B. S., and at the Chappell normal school. He is a school teacher, having taught from 1897 to the present time. All his experience has been in Shelby County. He was a justice of the peace in beat eight for twelve years, and was elected State senator from the fifteenth district, 1919. He is a Republican and a Methodist. Married: to Nancy Elizabeth, daughter of Rob ert Wilson and Dorothy Matilda (Blackerby) Walton, of Shelby county. Children: 1. Hettie May; 2. Clyde; 3. Roy; 4. Homer; 5. Madeline. Residence: Columbiana. HARPER, PHILEMON O., circuit judge, 1868, appointed by Gov. William H. Smith, vice, B. F. Porter, deceased. HARPER, THOMAS, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 76 and a resident of Pickens County; private Pennsylvania Continental Line; enrolled on July 30, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $20.— Revo lutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HARPER, WILLIAM WADE, physician, was born February 26, 1868, at Richmond, Dallas County; son of William B. and Georgia (Wade) Harper, who lived in Richmond, the former of whom was a native of Kentucky, and was a colonel in the C. S. Army; grandson of Isaac Harper, and of William Todd and Harriet Wade of Richmond, Dallas County. He received his early schooling at Richmond, from Miss Mary Patton; at Carlowville, from A. P. McArthur; and at Selma, from Prof. D. M. Calloway; was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., June, 1887, and A. M., 1891; and from Tulane university, M. D., 1891. He has been a practicing physician at Selma since 1891. During the European War, he was a captain in the medical corps, with Base Hospital No. 57, in France, from July, 1918, to January 22, 1919. He has been health officer of Dallas County; is surgeon on the Southern railway, the Louisville and Nashville" railway, and the Western of Alabama railway; is president of the Dallas county medical society; was for merly president of the southern association of surgeons; is councillor of the Medical asso ciation of the State of Alabama; a member of the Southern medical association and of the American medical association. He is a Demo crat; an elder in the Presbyterian church; and a Knight Templar. Married: November 20, 1895, at New Orleans, to Rosa, daughter of William and Wilhelmina Frantz, who lived at New Orleans. Children: 1. William F., a medi cal student at Harvard university; 2. Hen rietta, a student at the New England conserva tory of music; 3. Kenneth, a student of Selma high school; 4. Georgia, a student of Selma high school. Residence: Selma. HARRELL, LOUIS, planter, was born Au gust 12, 1821, in Darlington District, S. C; son of Louis and. Melissa W. (Hill) Harrell, the former a native of Marion District, S. C, was a planter and served in the War of 1812, the latter after the death of her husband became the wife of John Cody, and lived in Pike and Crenshaw Counties; grandson of Louis Harrell, a native of" France who settled in Marion Dis trict, S. C, where he owned the historic tract of land spoken of as "Briton Neck," and served throughout the Revolutionary War under Gen eral Marion. Louis Harrell removed with his mother at an early age to Pike County. He received a limited education and shortly after reaching his majority engaged in agricultural pursuits in Pike County. In 1852 he removed to Montgomery where he became a clerk in the mercantile establishment of J. and H. Weil and co. In 1852 he moved to Rutledge remaining here until 1886 when he began farming nine miles from Greenville. He then located in Greenville where for twenty years he clerked end in 1886 he moved to his plantation near Greenville where he has since resided. He served four years as mayor of Greenville and in 1888 was elected as representative from Butler County to the State legislature. In March, 1862, he entered the C. S. Army as a member of Co. A, 3rd battalion, Hilliard's legion, was promoted second lieutenant and in 1863, was elected captain. In 1864 he was dis charged on account of ill health. He is a Methodist; Democrat; and a Mason. Married: in November, 1842, to Matilda A. Wyrnsdick. Children: 1. Melissa W., m. J. E. Faison; 2. John D.; 3. Delila J., m. E. M. Kirk. There are also five deceased children. Residence: Butler County. HARRELL, WILLIAM V., major in Lewis' battalion, Alabama cavalry regiment. C. S Army. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 751 HARRINGTON, GEORGE F., speaker of the Alabama house of representatives, 1868, 1869-70; appointed by the governor as mayor of Mobile, 1870. Residence: Mobile. HARRINGTON, PINKNEY C, major and later lieutenant colonel, 14th Confederate cav alry regiment, C. S. Army. HARRIS, BUCKNER, planter, was born April 20, 1799, in Lincoln County, Ga., and died January 17, 1888; son of Joseph and Olivia (Bennett) Harris, the former settling in Au tauga County, in 1818, where he soon acquired considerable property becoming a leading citi zen and mill owner; grandson of Joseph Harris and wife, a Miss Neely, the former the first of the branch in America, came in 1730 to Pough keepsie, N. Y., from Westcote Grange, Leicester shire, England, where he showed himself a very public spirited citizen, and became a large land owner. Mr. Harris was educated in private schools in his native state, and came in 1818, with his parents, to Autauga County, Ala., set tling at Robinson Springs, where the family has since resided. He was a planter, owning many slaves. He also owned a fine mill. He was a Whig, but became a Democrat after the close of the War of Secession; a Mason; and an Episcopalian. Married: in 1841, at Robinson Springs, to Sarah Marian, daughter of Archi bald and Mary (Robertson) McKiethen (q. v.). Children : Virginia Anne, dec. m., Mr. Hawes, of Coosa County; 2. Samuel Smith, dec, m. Mary Gindrat Pickett; 3. Joseph Archibald (q. v.) ; 4. Laura Olivia, m. Mr. Reid of Lowndes County. Last residence: Robinson Springs. HARRIS, CHARLES HOOKS, physician, was born February 22, 1835, at Tuskegee; son of Peter Coffee and Narcissa Ann (Hooks) Har ris, the former born in Georgia, attended the University of Georgia, 1825-26, removed to Ala bama and was buried on a plantation at Pick- etts' Springs, near Montgomery; grandson of William and Sarah (Coffee) Harris (q. v.), and of Charles and Ann (Hunter) Hooks (q. v.). Dr. Harris received his early education at Tuskegee and a preparatory school at Chun- nenugge Ridge; entered the University of Ala bama, 1853-54, but withdrew from the Univer sity in his sophomore year with forty other boys, including Hilary A. Hebert, this incident being known as the "Doby Rebellion." He re turned to Tuskegee and took up the study of medicine with Dr. Egbert Johnson; attended the medical department of the University of New York, 1855-57, graduating cum summa laude, at the same time being given a certifi cate of special proficiency and was made as sistant demonstrator of anatomy by Dr. Aylett. After graduation he decided to locate in Mag nolia, N. C; spent three years there in the practice of his profession; removed to Mont gomery but had hardly settled when the War of Secession broke forth. He entered the C. S. Army as assistant surgeon, 60th Virginia in fantry regiment, was captured at the battle of Cedar Creek; paroled February 1865; and was with his family who had removed from Mont gomery to Tuskegee, when the war closed. In the early autumn, after having gathered his crops, he removed with his family to Kings ton, Ga., the home of his brother. Here he again took up the practice of medicine, but soon, 1866, removed to Cedartown, a better field for his profession, where he remained until forced by age to retire. Married: June 18, 1857, at Magnolia, N. C, to Margaret Ann, his fourth cousin, daughter of James B. B. and Ann Copeland (Maxwell) Monk, of the same place. Children: 1. James; 2. Narcissa Ann; 3. Margaret Praire; 4. Peter Charles; 5. William Julius; 6. Seale; (q. v.) ; 7. Mary Adela; 8. Hunter; 9. Elizabeth. Last residence: Cedar town, Ga. HARRIS, CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, law yer, was born January 28, 1842, in Lawrence County; son of William H. and Nancy L. (Sto- vall) Harris, the former a native of Grainger County, Tenn., born in 1806, who moved to Law rence County in early life, was married there, moved to Decatur in 1875, and died there June 28, 1884; grandson of Dr. William Stovall, of Lawrence County. He received his early school ing from a private instructor in his home. In 1861, he enlisted in the C. S. Army as a private, joining Co. F, Sixteenth Alabama infantry regi ment. He was promoted to lieutenant, and was wounded at the battles of Shiloh, Chicka mauga, Jonesboro, and Franklin, and from the effect of the wound received at the latter place, was confined four months in a private house in Franklin. He was afterward captured and spent some time in prison at Camp Chase. After the war, he studied law, and was ad mitted to the bar in 1866 in Lawrence County. He filled the offices of clerk of the circuit court and solicitor of Lawrence County, and in 1872 moved to Decatur, where he has continued to reside. He practices law in connection with his various business interests. In 1881, in con nection with three other gentlemen, he estab lished the Bank of Decatur, which has since become the First national bank with Mr. Har ris as its president. He was chosen attorney of the Decatur land, improvement and furnace company upon the organization of the com pany, and in his law practice is associated with Robert C. Brickell, formerly chief justice of Alabama. Married: February 14, 1869, to Julia C, daughter of M. Wert, of Moulton, Law rence County. They have had seven children, of whom five are living. One son, William Wert, b. October 27, 1870, is a lawyer at Mont gomery and private secretary of -the supreme court of Alabama. Residence: Decatur. HARRIS, EDWARD KERSY, editor, author and poet, was born February 15, 1830, at Madi sonville, Monroe County, Tenn., and died in Mobile, November 15, 1859; son of George and Matilda T. (Roper) Harris, the former a na tive of Warren, Tenn., later residing at Mc- Minn, where he practiced law; grandson of Jesse and Matilda T. Harris, of Jefferson County, Tenn., and of Joseph and Mary Roper of Dandridge, Tenn., and later of Columbiana. His education was received from his father 752 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and private tutors; and he read law but never practiced. In politics he was first a Whig, and later a Democrat; and he was without church connection. As editorial and literary writer on the "Mobile Tribune" he made a place for him self in the journalism of the State. He was also a frequent contributor to magazines and periodicals. Some of his poems are included in a volume entitled "Poems," by Mrs. Mary Ware, published in 1911. , He never married. Last residence: Mobile. HARRIS, GEORGE A., educator; superin tendent of the city schools of Brewton, 1913. Residence: Brewton. HARRIS, GEORGE M., physician, planter and cotton manufacturer, was born July 11, 1820, in Madison County; son of Frank E. and Mahala (Isbell) Harris, natives of Virginia, the latter born in Appomattox County in 1800, and came to Alabama when nine years of age, his parents settling four miles north of Hunts ville, removing later to Jackson County; grand son of Richard Harris, a captain in the Con tinental Army, who served with General Wash ington during the Revolutionary struggles, re moved to Alabama and died in Huntsville, aged ninety-four. Dr. Harris was brought up on his father's farm and received the exceptionally good educational advantages afforded at Hunts ville at that time. He read medicine under his uncle, Dr. George R. Wharton, and graduated from the Louisville medical college, Louisville, Ky., in 1842. He located at Bellefonte, Jackson County, where he entered upon the practice of his profession. Having a liking for agricul tural life he began to acquire land, and soon owned extensive planting interests, both in Ala bama and Arkansas, together with slaves and equipment to properly conduct the business. He established a tannery, opened a mercantile business and manufactured leather goods for local consumption. In 1857 he returned to Mad ison County, and assisted in the industrial af fairs of Huntsville. He was president of the first cotton factories established there after the war, and was organizer and director in the electric light company of that city. His last commercial activity was the hardware busi ness. Last residence: Huntsville. HARRIS, GEORGE W., merchant, was born in December, 1854, in Knoxville, Tenn. He located in Birmingham, 1871, and was ap pointed foreman of the Louisville and Nash ville paint shops. In 1883, he opened a paint and wall-paper store in which he has been successful. In 1887, he was elected a director of the Jefferson County savings bank. Mar ried: in 1878, to Ella, daughter of John and Charlotte Evans, of La Grange, Ga. Children: 1. Hallon M.; 2. Fay; 3. Roscoe; 4. Glenn. Residence: Birmingham. HARRIS, HENRY, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 76, and a resident of Madison County; private Virginia Continental Line; en rolled on March 17, 1819, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from May 22 1818; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $1,467.64; trans ferred from Frederick County, Virginia, from September 4, 1823. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. The following interesting sketch will give further personal details: "ANOTHER REVOLUTIONARY WORTHY GONE! "Departed this life on the evening of the 22d instant, at the residence of his son in this place, Mr. Henry Harris, in the 75th year of his age. Mr. Harris was a native of Richmond County, Va., and at a very early period of the Revolution enlisted at Fredericksburg (Va.) in Col. Baylor's Regiment of Dragoons. From the time of his enlistment until the close of the war, he was actively engaged in the service of his country. In most of the important battles that were fought, he bore his share. He was present at the surrender of Burgoyne — at the battles of the Brandywine, the Cow pens, Camden, Guilford and Yorktown. From the time of his retirement from the army until his death, he had lived in the Western and Southwestern States; and throughout a long life sustained the reputation acquired in early youth. It was his glory to think that he had aided in freeing his country from oppression, and it was his fondest boast that he had served under the eye of his great commander Wash ington. When stretched upon the bed of weak ness and old age he viewed his approaching end with the calmness and fortitude which characterized him when struggling in the deadly combat with the enemies of his coun try. For some time previous to his death, his mind seemed to dwell upon the incidents of his early life — and it was truly affecting to listen to the old man, and hear him accounting the battles of his youth. "Shoulder the crutch and show how fields were won. "It was his dying request that he should be buried with military honors; and accordingly when it was announced that he had ceased to live, the 'Huntsville Guards' proceeded to make arrangements for his interment. On yester day at half past 10, the Guards reached his late residence, and as the procession moved from the house, the Artillery Company under the direction of their public spirited comman der Capt. Lynes commenced firing minute guns. Thirteen rounds were fired by the time the procession reached the graveyard: here the usual military obsequies were performed by the Guards. "Here we might pause; for surely it is enough to secure the regret of every American, by simply announcing that the deceased was a soldier of the Revolution; but justice to his memory requires of us to say, that as a man, he lived respected and died lamented by all who knew him." — Southern Advocate, Huntsville, Ala., Oct. 29, 1833, from the Star- Spangled Banner, Oct. 24, 1833. HARRIS, JAMES C, physician, was born February 27, 1812, near Charlottesville, Albe marle County, Va.; son of James and Mary (McCulloch) Harris, the former of whom came to this country from Wales at an early date, the latter whose ancestors came from the PRELATE D. BARKER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 755 neighborhood of Loch Lomond, Scotland; great- grandson of John McCulloch, who came to Vir ginia from Scotland, and lies buried in the family graveyard, in Albemarle County, Va. Dr. McCulloch, of the University of London, is believed to have been a grandson of John Mc Culloch. Mr. Harris was related to Hon. Wil liam H. Crawford, of Georgia; Dr. William Harris, of North Carolina; Hon. Thomas Mc Culloch, of Abingdon, la., and of the Jewetts and Hadens, of Kentucky, Virginia and Mis souri. He obtained his early education in the common schools of the district, and was for some time under the instruction of Mason Fri- zelle, later president of the University of St. Louis. Before he was seventeen years of age, his father died, and in February 1829, in com pany with his mother and his brother, Dr. Nathan Harris, he left Virginia for Monroe County, Tenn. He began the study of medi cine under his brother, and attended a course of medical lectures in the University of Lex ington, Kentucky, 1830-1831. He practiced medicine at Madisonville, Tenn., until 1834, then moved to Alabama, settling at Mount Meigs, Montgomery County. Some time later he proceeded to Selma, where after an examina tion by the state board, he obtained a license to practice the different branches of his profes sion throughout the state. Immediately after his examination, he commenced practice in Wetumpka, in association with Dr. H. A. Cald well, and continued in that association until 1835, when he attended another course of lec tures in Transylvania University, and was graduated, M. D. Failing health necessitated the dissolution of his partnership. Late in the fall of 1836, he was engaged in the medical department of the U. S. Army, and continued there, under contracts made with Drs. Hitch cock, Satterlee, Lawson, and Meyer, and Gen. Winfield Scott, until the removal of the Chero- kees in 1838. He located at Cedar Bluff, Chero kee County, until 1845, when he returned to Wetumpka. In 1838, Dr. Harris was elected a fellow of the South Alabama medical society, and in 1847, was admitted to the ad eundem degree in the medical department of the Uni versity of Louisville. He contributed to vari ous medical journals of the time, and was twice a delegate to the National medical association, serving once as one of its vice-presidents. In 1849, Dr. Harris attended medical lectures in the University of Louisiana at New Orleans, and the following year, attended the Medical college of Georgia. Married: July 29, 1839, at Cedar Bluff, to Mrs. Dorcas M. Barker, daugh ter of Col. John Lowry, of Cherokee County, by whom he had one child, a son. Last residence: Wetumpka. HARRIS, JAMES P., farmer, probate judge, justice of peace, and soldier, was born April 4, 1844, in Huntsville; son of Richard Harris, a native of Fredericksburg, Va.; grandson of Richard Harris, a Revolutionary soldier. He was educated at Irvine college, Tenn.; entered the C. S. Army as a member of Co. K, 4th Alabama infantry regiment, served until August, 1S62, when he was discharged as being under age; later joined the 4th Tennessee cav alry, under General Forrest and served through out the remainder of the war, being in the bat tles of first Manassas, Jamestown, Seven Pines, with Jackson in his fight with Banks, Shields, and McDowell; the seven days fight around Richmond; in Forrest's raid through west Ten nessee, in which there was a fight every day for a month; second Ft. Donelson; Thompson's Station; Rome, Ga. ; Tullahoma; Chickamauga; fifty skirmishes in east Tennessee, 1863-64; Dalton, Ga. ; Resaca; Tunnell Hill; Kenesaw Mountain; Peachtree Creek; Atlanta; Franklin. He was wounded five times but never se riously at any time. After the war he en gaged in farming until 1887, when he removed to Scottsboro; appointed probate judge to fill an unexpired term; served ten years as justice of the peace in Jackson County. He was also proprietor of the Harris hotel, Scottsboro. He is an Odd Fellow; Knight of Honor; and a Methodist. Married: October 31, 1866, to Ma tilda J., daughter of A. P. Robinson of Larkins ville. Children: 1. William E.; 2. Anna; 3. Mary S.; 4. James P., jr. Residence: Scotts boro. HARRIS, JOHN GIDEON, lawyer, was born March 1, 1834, near Greensboro, and died July 7, 1908, at Montgomery; son of Page and Mary (Williams) Harris, the former born near Raleigh, N. C, who came with relatives to Ala bama in 1818, and devoted his life to farming; grandson of John and Nancy Harris, who lived north of Greensboro, and of David and Martha Williams, who lived near Green Springs. Mr. Harris is of English and Welsh descent, and had ancestors in the Revolutionary War. He re ceived his education in the private schools of Greene County, completing a literary course in the Green Springs school, under Dr. Henry Tutwiler and Dr. Carlos G. Smith; and was graduated from Cumberland university, Leb anon, Tenn., LL. B., May, 1858. He at once located in Greensboro for the practice of law, and at the outbreak of the War of Secession, was a law partner of Judge Thomas W. Cole man, sr. He had in 1856 been elected a justice of the peace. On January 15, 1861, he was sent to Fort Morgan as a private in the Greensboro light artillery guards, but after a service of a few months, returned home and raised a company of which he became captain. This company was attached to the Twentieth Ala bama infantry regiment, September 16, 1861. In 1863, he was promoted to major, and served in that rank until the end of the war. After peace was established, he resumed the practice of law; was appointed register of the land of fice at Montgomery by President Cleveland in 1885; was elected State superintendent of educa tion in 1890; re-elected in 1892; was elected a member of the State railroad commission, with Charles Henderson, 1906. While at the head of the educational interests of the state, he did much to arouse public opinion to the needs and importance of better schools and larger appro priations. He instituted a series of popular edu cational rallies, and delivered many speeches and lectures on educational, religious, and Ma sonic topics, which he had compiled for publi cation. He was active as a Mason for forty 756 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY years, and served as grand master of the grand lodge, and grand high priest of the grand chap ter. He was a Democrat; was an unsuccessful candidate for congress against Charles Hayes, Republican, in 1870; and was on the electoral ticket in the Tilden, Hancock and Cleveland presidential campaigns. He was a Missionary Baptist, and was president of the International Sunday school convention, 1900-1903. Married: January 3, 1861, near Sumterville, to Mary Jane, daughter of John Evander and Mary Jane Brown, who came to Alabama from South Carolina. Children: 1. Mary Julia, m. S. G„ Dawson, children, Harris P., Annie Maria, Clarence B.; 2. Annie Brown, m. Dr. James T. Rushing. Last residence: Montgomery. HARRIS, JOHN JAMES, Episcopal clergy man, lawyer and planter, was born in Tusca loosa, June 10, 1837, son. of Richard Norfleet and Amanda (Banks) Harris, (q. v.), and brother of, Norfleet Harris (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Tuscaloosa; gradu ated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1857, A. M., 1859; and the degree of LL. B. was conferred upon him by the Cumberland university of Tennessee. He began the practice of law in Tuscaloosa 1860, at the same time managing his plantation in Marengo County. He joined the C. S. Army, 1861, as orderly ser geant, with the "Warrior Guards," later becom ing lieutenant in the same company. He was transferred, 1862, to the mining bureau, and placed in charge of the manufacturing of salt petre. After the war he became a merchant of Tuscaloosa, was editor and proprietor of the "Independent Monitor" and continued as a planter in Marengo County. He was mayor of Tuscaloosa 1874-75-76; was appointed by the governor clerk of the circuit court of Tusca loosa, 1874, and elected by the people to fill the same office, 1880. He resigned from this office March 1882, and the following June was elected quartermaster of the University of Alabama. He was appointed a deacon in the Protestant Episcopal church, 1885, and later ordained a minister, serving at Faunsdale. Married: De cember 18, 1861, to Margaret Louisa, daughter of John and Virginia Wilmonia (Aylette) Fitts (q. v.) Children: 1. Richard Norfleet, m. Anna Watts Winslet; 2. John James, m. Lillie, daughter of Mr. E. H. Purifoy, of Furman; graduate of the University of Alabama, A. B., 1886; University of New York, M. D., 1889; physician; d. May 25, 1897. 3. Virginia Aylette, m. George Cousson; 4. Amanda Banks, d. young; 5. Lucy Perine, d. in infancy; 6. Mar- gret Gardner, d. in infancy; 7. Cornelia, d. young; 8. William Fitts, unm. Residence: Faunsdale. HARRIS, JOHN RICHARD, farmer and sheriff, was born May 5, 1841, near Huntsville; son of Richard B. and A. H. (Clopton) Harris of Virginia, and brother of James P. Harris (q. v.). He was reared on the farm and was educated in Irvin college; enlisted in the Con federate Army, in Capt. Hal Bradford's com pany; went to Ft. Morgan and his company was attached to the 2nd Alabama regiment; after ten months was transferred to Ft. Pillow and soon after was discharged. While on his way home he joined an Alabama regiment and took part in the battle of Corinth. In a short while he again entered the army, a member of Co. K, Forrest's old cavalry brigade; was in Braggs' Kentucky campaign; in Kirby Smith's command; engaged at Richmond, Perryville, the second battle of Ft. Donelson, Parker's Cross Roads, Huntington, Lexington, and Dresden, his brigade at this time capturing General Fry's command, the battle of Thompson Sta tion, Knoxville, Chickamauga, Resaca, and the Atlanta campaigns; with Gen. Joseph Wheeler during the winter of 1863-64; on detached duty as a secret scout in which he and his compan ions performed a number of hazardous feats for their cause. While slightly wounded sev eral times he was never disabled for service. After the war he engaged in farming, and has been sheriff of Madison County. He is a Ma son; Knight of Honor; Methodist; and a Dem ocrat. Married: (1) in 1869, to Mollie F. Winbourn, of West Tennessee; (2) in 1874, to Marie W., daughter of LaFayette and Agnes (Jones) Kinkle, of Huntsville. Children: by the first wife, 1. Mollie F.; by the second wife, 2. Robert K.; 3. John R.; 4. Fanny T.; 5. Emma P.; 6. Jennie P.; 7. Maria W.; 8. Lula G.; 9. George W. Residence: Huntsville. HARRIS, JOHN WYATTE, II, teacher; was born September 12, 1831, near Russellville, Franklin County, and died February 20, 1889, at that place; son of John Wyatte and Judith Eldridge (Cox) Harris, the former a native of Cedar Hill, Hanover County, Va., who came to Russellville in 1820 and taught a private classical school until 1856, receiving patronage from north Alabama and Mississippi; grandson of Overton and Barbara (Wyatte) Harris, who lived at "Plain Dealing" the ancestral seat on North Anna River, Caroline County, Va., and Captain Henry and Judith Cox, who lived in Prince Edward County, removing in 1809 to Madison County, and in 1819, to Russell's Valley, Franklin County, great-grand son of Overton and Ann (Wilson) Harris of Virginia; great-great-grandson of William and Temperance (Overton) Harris, the former born at "Cedar Hill" the ancestral seat on North Anna River, Hanover County, Va.; great-great- great-grandson of Major Robert and Mourning (Glenn) Harris who came to Virginia from England between 1650 and 1660. John Wyatte Harris, II, at the age of eight, entered his father's private school and at once began the study of Greek and Latin. He later attended school at Old LaGrange, of which Dr. R. H. Rives was president At seventeen years of age he entered Centenary college, Jackson, La., and had among other teachers, Prof. A. B. Longstreet. He was valedictorian of his class, but owing to an outbreak of cholera school work was suspended in 1848, although he was later awarded his degree of M. A. At nineteen he accepted the position of tutor in the family of Col. William Dickson of Buzzard Roost, now Dickson Station, Colbert County; later he taught at Tuscumbia and afterwards became instructor in Wesleyan university, Florence. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 757 Returning to the vicinity of his home he con tinued to conduct a private classical school at or near Russellville, until the War of Secession began. After the cessation of hostilities he resumed teaching until shortly before his death. During the period of his career as teacher which included almost forty years, a great number of the best men and women of Franklin and adjoining counties were among his pupils. He canvassed his county for Seces sion, organized a company of infantry with which he entered service, April, 1861, as lieu'- tenant-colonel of the 16th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and was wounded at the battle of Shiloh in which his regiment was engaged. He was the first county superintend ent of education for Franklin County, but held no other civil office, although he participated constantly in the political activities of the Reconstruction period and the era of construc tive progress that followed the local dominancy of affairs. For many years he was chairman of the congressional committee of the then eighth district and as such was closely asso ciated with every Democratic representative elected during his time as well as other prom inent political characters who were his con temporaries, including the governors and other state officials from the time of Gov. George S. Houston. He was a member of the State Dem ocratic executive committee for years, and a strong candidate for State superintendent of education before the convention which nom inated Hon. Soloman Palmer, and was also a candidate for probate judge in his county in the race which gave the victory to Amos L. Moody. His gift of fluent speech was valuable as a public debater as well as in his profession of teaching. He left many unpublished papers upon various subjects, but chiefly education. He was a Methodist; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: (1) to Margaret Catharine; (2) to her sister, Julia Franklin McCulloch, daugh ters of Capt. Elijah and Phoebe (Mop) McCul loch, of North Carolina and Franklin County, respectively; granddaughters of Rev. Thomas Mop, a native of Christian County, Ky., later of Franklin County; (3) to Clementine Wilson, daughter of Boyd and Mary Ann (Edwards) Wilson, the former a native of Newton Stewart, Scotland, the latter of Franklin County. Chil dren: by the first marriage, 1. John Franklin, deceased; 2. Annie, m. John E. Isbell, formerly of Franklin County, later of Nashville; by second marriage, 3. John Wyatte, deceased; 4. Dr. E. M., m. Caledonia Wilson, of Russellville; 5. Mary Mop, m. Philip L. O'Reilly, of Russell ville; 6. Edward C, m. Rachel Stockell, of Nashville, Tenn.; 7. Leyton Overton, deceased; 8. Richard Nelson, deceased; 9. Charles Gilson; 10 and 11, unnamed; by third marriage, 12. Clementina, deceased; 13. Boyce Wilson, de ceased. Last residence: Russellville. HARRIS, JOSEPH ARCHIBALD, author and teacher, was born March 9, 1845, at Pratt ville; son of Buckner and Sarah Marian (Mc- Keithen) Harris (q. v.). He received his prep aratory education in the private schools of Prattville. His course at the University of Alabama was interrupted by the War of Seces sion in which he served for four years as a private in the Montgomery "True Blues," C. S. Army. After the cessation of hostilities he devoted himself to writing and teaching. He is a Democrat; and an Episcopalian. Author: "Idylls of fancy." Beside the foregoing he has contributed regularly to many of the leading newspapers and periodicals in America. Mar ried: May 12, 1872, to India, daughter of Charles Edward and Mary L. Crenshaw (q v ). Children: 1. May; 2. Hugh, deceased; 3. India, deceased; 4. Joseph Archibald; 5. Samuel Smith; 6. Chiles. Residence: Robinson Springs. HARRIS, JOSEPH HENRY, farmer, was born February 1, 1838, at LaGrange, Troup County; son of Edmund S. and Mary R. (Hamilton) Harris, of LaGrange, Ga., the former a Vir ginian. He received his education at LaGrange high school, at Brownwood institute, and at Beemore's select school for boys at Mt. Zion, Ga. He began to farm in January, 1858, near Oak Bowery, Chambers County; served as a private in the Thirty-seventh Alabama regi ment, C. S. Army; was elected to the State legislature from Chambers County, 1890 1891 1894, 1895, 1900, and 1901; has been a member of the Alabama State agricultural society since its organization, and for two years gen eral superintendent of the Alabama State fair held under the auspices of that society was twice elected president of the Chambers County agricultural society; was a member of the National farmers' congress held in Chicago November, 1887; a delegate to the National farmers alliance, Meridian, Miss., December, 1888, and St. Louis, Mo., December, 1890; held the office of commissioner of agriculture with Hon. R. F. Kolb for two years; served for many years as lecturer for the Alabama State al liance; is a Democrat; a Methodist, serving the church twice as a delegate to the general con ference. Married: April 21, 1859, in Autauga County, to Cornelia Josephine Houser. Resi dence : Oak Bowery. WoI?A^?IS'1,?1'ORFLEET' Pinter, was born in Hale, then Marengo County, December 5, 1848- son of Richard Norfleet and Amanda (Banks) Harris (q. v.), and brother of John James Harris (q. v.). He attended the University of Alabama, but was forced to leave this institu tion on account of the burning of its buildings by the Federal forces. He finished his educa tion at the University of Virginia, receiving the degree of LL. B., 1869; was admitted to the bar the fall previous to his graduation, 1868, having studied under his brother-in-law, Judge H. M. Somerville. He began the practice of his profession in St. Louis, Mo., but soon returned to Alabama and located at Tuscaloosa. In 1873 he retired to his country home near Tuscaloosa and in 1878 he removed to his plantation at Laneville, Hale County, where he became a planter and merchant. He served in the house of representative 1882-83; senate 1890-92, and was United States consul at Leeds, England, 1893-98. Married: to Bettie Cooper Blocker. Residence: Laneville. 758 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY HARRIS, PTOLEMY TINSLEY, lawyer, was born in Georgia, and died about 1852, in Lou isiana; brother of Hon. Stephen W. Harris, who was a judge of the superior court of Geor gia from 1813 to 1816, and of Hon. Thomas W. Harris, judge of the superior court of Georgia from 1819 to 1824, and from 1837 to 1841. He came to Alabama at an early period, settling at St. Stephens in 1819. He read law and was admitted to the bar in 1821. He located in Washington County to practice, was elected to the State legislature in 1826, and represented the county in that body until 1830. In 1832, he was elected to the circuit court bench, which office he held for eight successive years. He resigned his judicial office to accept the ap pointment by Judge Crawford of general as signee in bankruptcy in 1841, and at the same time engaged in the commission and factorage business in Mobile. He was a candidate for the legislature in 1845, but was defeated. In 1848 he removed to Louisiana. He was a Whig. Married: Miss McGrew, daughter of Col. William McGrew of Washington, who was killed by Indians in 1813. Children: 1. a daughter who resided in Clarke County; 2. William Kilpatrick, b. August 20, 1835; 3. Ptol emy Tinsley, b. July 5, 1827. Last residence: Louisiana. HARRIS, RICHARD, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Madi son County; private Massachusetts Militia; en rolled on September 26, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums re ceived to date of publication of list, $200. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He re sided in Madison County, June 1, 1840. — Cen sus of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. "ANOTHER REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIER GONE. "Died, in Madison County, Ala., January 23d, 1853, Capt. Richard Harris. The deceased was born in Powhatan County, Va., on the 20th No vember, 1758. When but a youth, at the age of 17, he entered the army, and with that vet eran band of soldiers, fighting for liberty and truth, devoted himself to his country's interests till the close of the war. He was an eyewitness of the surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Little York. After having shared with his country men the hardships of war, he returned to his home and friends to enjoy that glorious boon, liberty for which he had so earnestly con tended. "Soon after the war, he devoted himself to the service of God and the good of his fellow men. He professed religion in Powhatan County, Va., and soon after united himself with the M. E. Church, where he remained, for more than half a century, a consistent, useful, and much loved member. — Hospitable, kind, gener ous, you had only to look upon his noble face to behold all those commanding and ennobling virtues which adorn human nature. He re moved from Virginia to Madison County. Ala., in 1809, and resided near Blue Spring till the day of his death. We do not say he was with out fault, but we do say that few men have lived as long as he did with as few censurers and with as few enemies. He closed his earthly warfare as he closed the revolutionary war, in triumph and glory. He has left many friends to mourn his loss." — Southern Advocate, Hunts ville, Ala., Feb. 9, 1853. HARRIS, RICHARD NORFLEET, sr., plan ter, was a native of North Carolina and died in Tuscaloosa; son of Norfleet and Mary (Hun ter) Harris, of Scotland Neck, North Hampton County, N. C. The Harris family is of English descent. Richard Norfleet Harris removed to Alabama about 1822 with his mother, then a widow for the second time, having married a Mr. Boykin, after the death of her first hus band. They settled on a plantation near Court- land, Lawrence County, began raising cotton, and became very successful as Mrs. Boykin was a skillful manager. Later he removed to Tuscaloosa. Married: Amanda Banks, daugh ter of William Banks (q. v.). Children: 1. Cornelia, m. Hon. H. M. Somerville, judge of the supreme court, Lawrence County; 2. Amanda, m. Dr. John Little, a physician of Tuscaloosa; 3. John James (q. v.) m. Margaret Louisa Fitts; 4. William, planter; student at the University of Alabama, 1851-53; private in Selden's Alabama battery, C. S. Army; d. No vember 1865; 5. Richard Norfleet, jr., planter; student at the University of Alabama, 1860-62; drill officer of the 37th Alabama infantry regi ment, 1862; orderly sergeant, 1863-64; lieuten ant, 1865, C. S. Army; m. Sallie Melville Minge, of Faunsdale; 6. Norfleet, (q. v.) m. Bettie Cooper Blocker. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. HARRIS, SAMPSON W., lawyer, was born about 1814, in Georgia, and died in the spring of 1857, at Washington, D. C; son of Judge Stephen Harris of Eatonton, Ga., who served as judge of the superior court of Georgia, 1813-1816, and died in 1822; nephew of Ptolemy Tinsley Harris (q. v.); and brother of Hon. Stephen Willis Harris of Madison County. His mother was a Miss Watkins prior to her marriage. He was graduated from the University of Georgia with the first honors of his class, and on leav ing the university, read law with Judge Eli Shorter, his uncle, at Eatonton, Ga. In Septem ber 1831, when the first Internal improvement convention ever held in Georgia was assembled at Eatonton, Mr. Harris was appointed one of the three secretaries. After practicing law at Eatonton for a short time, he came to Alabama in 1837, and located at Wetumpka. He rose rapidly at the bar and in 1841 was elected solicitor of the eighth circuit by the State leg islature. He resigned from the solicitorship in 1844, when elected to the State senate from Coosa and Autauga Counties. He was returned to the senate in 1845, and served in that body until 1847, when he was elected to congress as the Democratic candidate from the third district. In 1849 he was returned to congress, defeating Judge John S. Hunter of Dallas County. He was re-elected in 1851 over Judge William S. Mudd, of Jefferson; in 1853, over Hon. S. D. J. Moore, of Lowndes; and in 1855, over Col. William B. Martin of Benton, head of the newly formed political organization, the Know-Nothing or American party. In 1856, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 759 during his tenth consecutive year of service in congress, Mr. Harris died. Married: Miss Thomas, daughter of Stephen Thomas of Athens, Ga. Children: 1. Sampson W., jr., law yer at West Point, Ga., who commanded the Sixth Georgia infantry regiment, C. S. Army, as successor of Gen. A. H. Colquitt, promoted; 2. Dr. Hugh Nisbet, m. a daughter of Hon. B. C. Yancey, resides at Athens. Last residence: Washington, D. C. " HARRIS, SAMUEL SMITH, bishop of the Protestant Episcopal church, was born Septem ber 14, .1841, near Prattville, Autauga County, died in London, England, August 21, 1888 and was buried in Detroit Mich.; son of Buckner and Sarah Marian (McKeithen) Harris (q. v.) of Robinson Springs and brother of Joseph Archibald Harris (q. v.). He graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1859; re ceived the honorary degree of D. D., William and Mary college 1874, and LL. D., University of Alabama, 1897. After completing his col lege education, he at once began the study of law ; was admitted to the bar at the age of nine teen, 1860, by a special act of legislature; a few months later entered the Confederate Army as a member of the staff of Gen. Bragg, and immediately after the war removed to New York City where he began the practice of law. He came to Mobile, 1867, and offered himself as a minister to the bishop; returned to New York City where he pursued his studies for the ministry, at the same time practicing law. He was ordained a deacon, 1869, at Montgomery and held the pastorate of St. John's church, until he was made a priest, June 30, 1869, when he removed to Columbus, Ga., and later to Trin ity church, New Orleans, La.; received a call from St. James' church, Chicago, 1875; and was chosen bishop of the diocese of Michigan 1879, and consecrated, September 17, of the same year. He died in London while attend ing the convention of bishops of the British, America and Colonial churches. Author: "Sheltem;" "Christianity and civil society;" "Bohlen lectures," 1882; "Sermons, 1889-91;" and founder with the Rev. John Fulton, of the "Living church," 1878. Married: December 19, 1861, to Mary Gindrat, daughter of Albert James and Sarah Smith (Harris) Pickett (q. v.), of Autaugaville. Children: 1. Eliza Pick ett, d. in infancy; 2. Sallie Pickett, m. Charles Mills Gayley, the latter the author of many well known books; 3. Corinne Pickett, d. in infancy; 4. William Pickett, civil engineer, Detroit, m. Sara Edwards McGraw; 5. Samuel Smith, law yer, Detroit; 6. Joseph Buckner, deceased; 7. Julian Hartwell. Last residence: Detroit, Michigan. HARRIS, SEALE, physician, was born at Cedartown, Polk County, Ga., March 13, 1870; son of Dr. Charles Hooks and Margaret Ann (Monk) Harris (q. v.). Dr. Seale Harris re ceived his early education in the schools of Cedartown and Marietta, Ga.; was a student at the University of Georgia for three years; received the degree of M. D. from the Uni versity of Virginia 1894; and did post graduate work in the New York polyclinic and Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, making a specialty of in ternal diseases. He began the practice of his profession in Union Springs, 1894; was health officer of Bullock County for eight years; sur geon for the Central of Georgia railway and president of the Central of Georgia railway surgeons association, 1905; established the Chunnenugge sanitarium, Union Springs, 1904; spent the year 1906 at Johns Hopkins in the study of gastro intestinal diseases; ac cepted the chair of practice of medicine in the Medical college of Alabama, Mobile, December 1907, and remained there until August 1913, at the same time being chief physician in the Mobile city hospital. Dr. Harris resigned these positions in 1908, when he purchased the Mobile medical and surgical journal, changing the name to the Gulf states journal of medicine and surgery, and in 1910 becoming the Journal of the Southern medical association, the offi cial organ of the Southern medical association. of which he was made editor-in-chief. He was made secretary of the Southern medical asso ciation in 1910; is a trustee of the American society of tropical medicine, and a honorary fellow of the London society of tropical medi cine. He was a surgeon with the rank of cap tain, Second Alabama infantry regiment Nation al Guard, 1903-05. He is a Democrat; Presby terian; Mason; Knight of Pythias, and a mem ber of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon college fra ternity. He is the author of many scientific articles on malaria, pellagra, the negro, and many other subjects. Married: April 28, 1897, to Stella Baskins, at Union Springs, daughter of Capt. Joseph Herron and Josephine (Wood) Rainer, the former having served throughout the War of Secession, and sister of Mrs. T. W. Palmer, wife of Pres. T. W. Palmer, (q. v.) of Montevallo. Children: 1. Josephine Ann; 2. Seale Harris, jr. Residence: Mobile. HARRIS, WILLIAM, planter, was born June 2, 1774, in or near New Bern, Craven County, N. C, and died October 12, 1825; son of John and Mary Harris, of New Bern, N. C. He moved to Georgia about 1800, and removed to Montgomery, Ala., about 1817. He was one of the largest plantation owners of his time. Besides the one near Montgomery, he was the owner of a plantation of over 2,000 acres of the La Fayette Grant, near Tallahassee, Fla. He and his two sons, Peter Coffee and Stephen W., were buried on the plantation near Montgomery, settled by him in 1817. Married: (1) August 18, 1799, to Julia Fulcher, of New Bern, N. C; (2) to Julia Morse; (3) August 25, 1803, in Hancock County, Ga., to Sarah, daughter of Peter Coffee, of Prince Edwards County, Va., and sister of Gen. John E. Coffee, of the War of 1812; (4) December 1811, to Mrs. Mary Drew Carroll, daughter of Col. Philip and Mary Drew (Temple) Alston, of North Carolina. Children: there were no chil dren by the first and second marriage; by the third: 1. Julia Sweptson, m. Judge Joseph W. Field; 2. Peter Coffee, m. Narcissa Ann Hooks; by the fourth; 3. Stephen Alston, m. Elizabeth Fitzpatrick; 4. Sarah Smith, m. Albert James Pickett (q. v.) ; 5. Mary Gatlin. m. John Gin drat. Last residence: Montgomery County. 760 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY HARRIS, WILLIAM, Baptist minister, was born June 6, 1848, at Frankfort, Ky., and died in Montgomery, December 26, 1891; son of Hickman Henry Harris, a resident of Hender son, Ky., and a lawyer; grandson of Samuel and Jane Harris, and of William and Eliza beth Hickman; great-grandson of Rev. William Harris, the first Baptist preacher in Kentucky. He was educated at Georgetown college, Ky., and received the honorary degree of D. D. from Shurtleff college, Mo., in 1887; served pastor ates in St. Joseph, 1877-1882, St. Louis, Mo., 1882-88, Baltimore, Md., 1888-1891. He died as pastor of First Baptist church of Montgomery. He was an ardent prohibitionist; and a Demoi crat Married: July 26, 1879, in Louisville, Ky., to Florence Ina, daughter of Thomas Pinckney and Mary Emmeline (Jones) John son of that city; granddaughter of Colbert and Susan (Hunt) Johnson, and of Hezekiah and Caroline Ann Jones. Children: 1. Paul Hick man, m. Rhea Corwin, of Chicago; 2. Florence Emmeline, m. Charles Cornell. Last residence: Montgomery. HARRISON, BELLE (RICHARDSON), au thor, was born October 20, 1856, at Camden; daughter of Warfield Creath and Catherine Cole (Jones) Richardson (q. v.). She was educated at Stafford school and the Tuscaloosa female college. She is a Methodist and a mem ber of the United daughters of the Confederacy. Author: "Poems," 1898. Married: July 21, 1881, to John Calhoun Harrison, of Tuscaloosa. Residence : Tuscaloosa. HARRISON, BENJAMIN I., quartermaster of the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, 1871- 72; father of J. Calhoun Harrison. Deceased. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. HARRISON, CARTER R., grand recorder, grand council, Masons, 1839, 1841, 1843-44-45. HARRISON, EDMUND, planter, was born in Petersburg, Va., and died in Montgomery, in 1883; son of Bishop Edmund Harrison, of Petersburg, Va. Long prior to the War of Seces sion he removed to Alabama, engaging in the cotton business in Mobile for several years. Lo cating in Montgomery he bought a large tract of land in Lowndes County where he planted on a big scale. His first home in Mont gomery, was the "First White House of Con federacy," from which he removed his family to surrender it to the use of President Jeffer son Davis. Later he occupied the Cowles man sion, recently dismantled by railroad encroach ment. He was a Democrat; a secessionist and gave liberally of his means to that cause; and an Episcopalian. Married: (1) in Petersburg, Va., to Jane Stark, (2) to Elizabeth Ware, widow of Maj. Thomas Cowles, and sister of Robert J. and James Anthony Ware. Children: by first wife. 1. Virginia, m. Dubose Bibb, who had three children; (1.) Robert Tombs; (2.) Harrison; (3.) Francis; 2. Martha James, m. Milton Saffold, who after her death, m. Georgia Whiting, children by first wife, (1.) Starke; (2.) James; (3.) Reuben; children by second wife; (1.) William A., m. Minnie Reynolds; 3. Caledonia, m. F. W. Hunter. Last residence: Montgomery. HARRISON, GEORGE PAUL, lawyer, was born March 19, 1841, on "Monteith" plantation, Chatham County, Ga.; son of Gen. George Paul and Thurza Adelaide (Gwin) Harrison, the for mer a native of Chatham County, who lived at Savannah, Ga., was for many years a member of the Georgia legislature, commanded a brigade in the C. S. Army, and immediately after the war was a member of the Georgia constitu tional convention, and the latter who was a daughter of Dr. Gwin, of Beaufort, S. C. ; grandson of Col. William Harrison, colonel of a regiment in the U. S. Army, veteran of Indian war in Florida, later settling in Geor gia. He is a member of the distinguished Har rison family of Virginia being a lineal descend ant of Benjamin Harrison, signer of the Dec laration of Independence. George Paul Harri son attended Montieth and Effingham academies in Georgia; entered the Georgia military insti tute at Marietta in 1858; was graduated in 1861 with first honor and degrees of A. B. and C. E. In 1861 he entered the C. S. Army as second lieutenant in the First Georgia regulars in fantry; rose to the rank of first lieutenant, cap tain, major and colonel of the line, and closed his career on the field with the rank of briga dier-general in command of Harrison's brigade, Walthall's division, Stewart's corps, in the Western army. Soon after the war, Gen. Harri son entered upon the practice of law and has practiced in the counties of Lee, Chambers, Tal lapoosa, Coosa, Clay, Talladega, Macon, Russell, Montgomery, Lowndes and Dallas; was a dele gate to the Alabama constitutional convention of 1875 and 1901; in the latter body was chair man of the committee on corporations, and a member of the committee on suffrage and elec tions and on taxation; was a state senator from 1878 to 1884; and president of the senate in the last two years of that service; and in 1900 he was re-elected to the senate and again in 1902. He was elected a representative in con gress from the third district in 1894 and 1896. He is a Mason, has been chairman of the com mittee on masonic jurisprudence, and was twice grand master of the Grand Lodge of Alabama; has been four times elected major general of the Alabama Division, United Confederate Vet erans; is a Democrat; and has been a delegate to county and state party conventions. He was a worker for the rescue of the state from mili tarism, 1867-74. He is a member of the Metho dist Episcopal church, South. Married: (1) in 1863 to Mary F., who died in June, 1884, daugh ter of John C. and May A. Drake of Ga.; (2) in 1886, to Mattie C, daughter of Gov. Ligon of Alabama; (3) on November 20, 1901, at La Grange, Ga., to Sara Katherine, daughter of Gustavus Alonzo and Mary (Briscoe) Nunnally, of that place. Children, by first marriage: 1. deceased; 2. Mary Addie, first honor graduate of the Wesleyan female college. Residence: Ope lika. HARRISON, J. C, Methodist minister; mem ber of the Alabama conference; living in 1913. Residence: Milton, Fla. DR. BENJAMIN J. BALDWIN DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 763 HARRISON, JAMES B., grand master, grand council, 1860, 1864-65; grand high priest, grand chapter, 1864-65; deputy grand commander grand commandery, 1863-65. HARRISON, JAMES FRANKLIN, physician; graduate of the medical department of the Uni versity of Virginia, 1873. Residence: Mobile. HARRISON, J. T., physician, was born April 20, 1834, in Madison County; son of J. T. and Melinda (Stone) Harrison, natives of James town, Va., the former a soldier in the War of 1812, and in the Indian War, who took part in the skirmish which drove the Indians across the Coosa River, and came to Alabama in 1818, assisted in surveying the lands around Hunts ville, near which city he located on a farm, where he lived until his death, the latter a cousin of Chief Justice Stone of Alabama. His paternal grandfather was an Englishman and a relative of President Benjamin Harrison. Mr. Harrison was reared in Madison County. In 1852, he began the study of medicine with his brother, Dr. W. B. Harrison of Guntersville, and in 1855 entered the Nashville Medical Col lege. After eighteen months in that institu tion, he returned to Marshall County, and es tablished himself in the practice of medicine there for thirteen years. In 1869, he moved to Talladega County on a farm, where he occupied himself in the practice of his profession as well as in the management of the farm. He had been president of the board of censors of Talladega County, and president of the board of health of the county. During the War of Secession, he was for one year, post surgeon at Guntersville. Married: (1) in 1858, to Belinda Cowan Collins, of Murfreesboro, Tenn., who was born in 1836, and died in 1864, daugh ter of Varner D. and Susan Collins; (2) in 1868, to Sarah S. Groce, born in Talladega County in 1846, daughter of J. E. and Sarah (Simons) Groce. Children, by second marriage: 1. William Groce, b. in 1871, was graduated at the Agricultural and mechanical college at Auburn, B. S., 1890, and at the University of Maryland, M. D., 1892, was resident physician at the Maryland university hospital, 1892-1893, and at the Union Protestant infirmary, 1893, was a student at Eye, ear and throat hospital, 1893-1894, a physician at Talladega, 1894-1905, and at Birmington since 1905; 2. Linda, a graduate of the Huntsville female college, and of a conservatory of music in Baltimore, Md.; 3. W. Ben; 4. Mattie. Residence: Talladega County. HARRISON, L. C, business man, was born in 1849, at Eufaula, Barbour County; son of L. C. and Sarah J. (Cook) Harrison, natives, respectively, of Rockingham County, Va., and South Carolina, the former of whom came to Alabama about 1830, and died in 1865. He re ceived his final schooling at Summerfield, Dal las County, in a high school taught by D. B. C. Connelly. From the time he left school in 1862, until 1873, he devoted all of his time to farming in Dallas County, with the exception of two years during which he farmed in Wash- Vol. Ill— 49 ington County, until he was washed out by an overflow of the Mississippi River. In 1873, he entered the employ of the Alabama Central Railroad Company as conductor, and worked for that company about ten years. In 1874, he went to Selma and engaged in the mercan tile business, which he conducted until 1887, when he moved to Warrior to accept the posi tion of general manager of the Pearson Coal & Iron Railroad Company. He is a director and general manager of the Red Mountain Mining Company,' owning large interests in coal lands in Fayette and Walker Counties, as well as conducting two large saw mills at Warrior. He is a Democrat. Married: in 1878, to Fay Collins, daughter of Rev. Dr. Collins, deceased, of Dallas County. Children: 1.. Allen Barks dale; 2. Iva Corinne; 3. Cammilla E., 4. Pearl Castle. Residence: Warrior. HARRISON, PASCAL, an old time planter oi South Alabama. HARRISON, WILLIAM G., physician; son of William Harrison, physician, of Talladega; graduate of the medical department of the Uni versity of Maryland, 1892; licensed to practice by the County board of Talladega the same year; annual orator of the Medical association of Alabama, 1901; medical examiner for the Protective life insurance company. Residence: Birmingham. HARSH, GRIFFITH RUTHERFORD, lawyer, was born September 30, 1860, near Nashville, Tenn.; son of Nathan and Mary (Rutherford) Harsh, who lived at Nashville, Tenn., until 1870, when they moved to New York City, the former a native of Pottsville, Pa., who moved with bis parents to Tennessee when a child, was connected with the firm of Harsh Broth ers, merchants, both in Nashville and New York, and was killed in a powder explosion at the latter place in 1873; grandson of Dr. Philip and Madeline Harsh, who lived in Pennsylvania, and later in Nashville, Tenn., the former of whom was born on the banks of the Rhine, left home when four teen years of age and wandered into France where, as he often stated, he had as a boy rid den the horse of Napoleon Bonaparte, came to America when a young man, was graduated by his own efforts from the leading schools of medicine, and settled in Nashville, where he built the first brick house, and of Griffith Rutherford, who lived in Rutherford County, Tenn., great-grandson of Gen. Griffith Ruther ford of the Revolutionary War, for whom Rutherford County, Tenn., was named. He obtained his early education at Franklin Col lege, under Prof. Fanning, in the grammar schools of New York City and New Middleton, Tenn., and from the high school at Nashville, Tenn. He was graduated from the law depart ment of Vanderbilt University, taking the Founder's medal as best graduate, June, 1881. After graduating, he went west and engaged in various occupations for several years. He was among the first to go into the Coeur d'Alene gold fields in northern Idaho. He moved to Birmingham in January, 1886, and began to 764 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY practice law. He soon became a member of the law firm of Bowman & Harsh, which later was changed to Bowman, Harsh & Beddow. Mr. Harsh is still a resident of Birmingham. He is a Democrat; has been an elder in the First Christian church of Birmingham for more than twenty-five years ; and is a Master Mason. Mar ried: October 17, 1889, at Nashville, Tenn., to Alice Moseley LeSueur, daughter of Edwin C. and Mary (Moseley) LeSueur, who lived at Nashville, Tenn., the latter of whom was a member of the same family as Chief Justice John Marshall. Children: 1. William LeSueur, b. 1892, Birmingham; 2. Griffith Rutherford, b. 1895, Birmingham. Residence: Birmingham. HART, HENRY, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Greene County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on Sep tember 26, 1833, under act of Congress of June 1, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolution ary Pension Roll in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Greene County, June 1, 1840, aged 76.— Censvs of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. HART, ROBERT D., major, 43rd Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army. HARTUNG, GOTTLOB, physician and phar macist, was born October 10, 1843, at Hollfeld, Oberfranken, Bavaria; son of Dr. Julius and Sophia Margareta (Walz) Hartung, the for mer a native of Romhild, Roemhild, Saxe-Mein- ingen, a graduate of the University of Munich, resident of Hollfeld where he was proprietor of the district pharmacy; grandson of Gottlob and Augusta Walz of Schwelnfurt, Bavaria. His great-grand-uncle William Hartung was surgeon general of the Austrian army in Lom- bardy-Venetia with residence in Milan, created a baronet by the emperor for saving the life of Field Marshal Radetzky. Dr. Hartung was educated at a private institution in Nurem berg; was graduated in 1858 from the Royal gymnasium of Baireut; graduate from Univer sity of Munich in pharmacy, 1866, and practiced this profession at Furioh and Geneva, Switz erland, at Baden-Baden at the grandducal phar macy, at Danzig on the Baltic and seven years at Panama. He graduated in medicine from the University of Wuerzburg, and practiced nine years in Nebraska and twenty-one years in Cullman ; has been president Cullman County medical association for many years. He is a Democrat; and a Lutheran. Married: Septem ber 12, 1878, at Baireut, to Julia Elisabeth, daughter of Philip and Augusta (Faber) Cull man of Bavaria; granddaughter of Christian Faber, major in the Bavarian contingent of the great army of Napoleon 1st, which was sent to subdue the Russian Empire, but was forced Dy the conflagration of Moscow to retire, being one of the 2,000 of the 30,000 soldiers to re turn; niece of John Gottfried Cullman, founder of the town, and for whom both county and town are named. Children: 1. Carl Ferdinand, M D. m. Magdalen Ehrensperger ; 2. Philip Got tlob Ph. G. m. Inez Clark; 3. Otto Gottfried; 4. Freda; 5. Fritz; 6. Elsa; 7. Amelia. Resi dence: Cullman. i HARTWELL, HARRY THEODORE, business man and State senator, was born March 7, 1871, at Toulminville, Mobile County; son of Theo dore Clay and Amelia (White) Hartwell, the former a Confederate soldier serving under Col. James Hagan, and Gen. Joseph Wheeler in the Army of the Tennessee; grandson of John, and Lucy (Whitney) Hartwell, the former a native of Concord who came to Mobile prior to the War of Secession, a planter, and of John and Annie White. The maternal grand parents of Senator Hartwell came from Ireland to Mo bile. The Hartwells are in direct line from William Hartwell, an early English immigrant, who settled- in Concord, Mass., in 1636, and who was a descendant of the followers of William the Norman. Senator Hartwell was educated in the public schools of Mobile County and at Barton academy. When he was sixteen years of age he left school and entered business with his father, in which he remained until his twenty- fifth year. He then- entered the employ of the Tow boat company of Mobile, as secretary. This company was finally absorbed by the Mo bile towing and wrecking co., of which he was vice-president, secretary and treasurer, with a controlling interest in the company. About 1903 he became associated with Horace Turner, of the firm of Horace Turner & co., lumber ex porters, and in 1910 joined with him in develop ing what is known as the Turner-Hartwell docks company, one of the largest privately owned wharf terminals on the Gulf-Atlantic coast, at an expense of more than a half mil lion dollars. The improvement of this property brought about a beneficial reform in the rela tions of all railroads of the country to the dock terminals at the different sea ports. He served as a member of the State senate. 1915. He is vice-president of this company. He has been president of the Mobile County school com missioners; has served as director and officer of the commercial club, and of the chamber of commerce of Mobile; has been director of the International steamship company; president of the Mobile ship chandlery company; and pres ident of the Mobile base ball association. He is a Democrat; Catholic; and a member of the Mobile Rotary club. Married: May 2, 1892, at Mobile, to Anna, daughter of Dennis and Anna (Quill) Lucy, of that place, but who were natives of Ireland. Children: 1. Theodore Clay, died young; 2. Anna Mabel, m. Jack Courtney, Mobile; 3. Irma Aurelia. Residence: Mobile. HARTWELL, JESSE, Baptist minister, was born in 1795, in Massachusetts, and died Sep tember 16, 1859, in Louisiana. He was gradu ated at Brown University In 1816, and was ordained in 1821. He supplied the Second Bap tist church, Providence, R. I., one year, then moved to South Carolina and became pastor at High Hills and Sumterville, and a professor in Furman theological institute. He went to Alabama in 1836 and served as pastor at Car lowville, president of the Alabama Baptist con vention, professor of theology in Howard col- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 765 lege, and president of the domestic mission board of the Southern Baptist convention dur ing his residence in the state. In 1847, he moved to Arkansas, where he founded Camden female institute. He located in Louisiana in 1857, and became president and professor of theology in Mount Lebanon university. Last- residence: Louisiana. HARTWELL, THOMAS C, grand master, grand council, 1851; deputy grand high priest, grand chapter, 1855. HARTWELL, WILLIAM, major, 1st Mobile volunteers local defense troops, during the War of Secession. Residence: Mobile. HARVEY, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Law rence County; private N. C. State Troops; en rolled on March 1, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $26.66. — Revolution ary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Lawrence County, June 1, 1840, aged 82. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. "Died, in Lawrence County on the 23d inst, Rev. John Harvey, an old Revolutionary vet eran, in the 86th year of his age. These old soldiers are dropping into the grave rapidly, and there will soon be none of them left for Mr. Polk to vote against receiving pensions." — Southern Advocate, Huntsville, Nov. 1, 1844. Dr. Anson West in his History of Methodism in Alabama, p. 219, has the following brief tribute. "John Harvey, who afterward at tained to elder's orders, and who continued a member of the Quarterly Conference of the Franklin Circuit until 1831, and who was a na tive Virginian, and a Revolutionary soldier, and who was naturally endowed with the gifts of oratory, and was talented and pious, had his membership at Kitty Casky at the time of the Quarterly Conference above mentioned, and he died at that place afterward." HARVEY, JOHN C, editor, was bom March 15, 1807, in Beaufort County, N. C; son of John Harvey, a North Carolinian and a farmer, who lived and died in that state. He was edu cated at West Point Academy, and was gradu ated as second lieutenant in the regular army of the United States, in July, 1831. He was in the army nearly two years, spending ten months of that time in northeastern Maine, near the province of New Brunswick. His wife's health became such that it necessitated his going south on a furlough, and finally led to his resignation from the army. After about two years' residence in North Carolina. Mr. Harvey moved to Alabama and settled at Greensboro as a merchant. With the exception of eighteen months in New York, he resided In Greensboro from that time until his death. In 1842, he undertook the study of law, and ob tained a license to practice, but soon abandoned the legal profession to undertake the publica tion of the "Alabama Beacon." He was editor and proprietor of that paper for more than thirty years. Though an ardent lover of the South, Mr. Harvey opposed secession from the beginning. He was a Democrat. Married: (1) in 1831, in Halifax County, N. C, to Miss Nelms, who died June 1871, at Greensboro; (2) Mrs. Evarlyn Bondurant, daughter of Mr. DuBose. Last residence: Greensboro. HARVEY, THOMAS LINFIELD, farmer and legislator, was born September 3, 1857, at Alex andria, Calhoun County; son of Richard Wel don and Mary Elizabeth (Mitchell) Harvey, the former a native of Spartanburg, S. C, was a Confederate soldier, and successful farmer; grandson of Hall and Nellie (Bryant) Harvey, the former a native of Virginia, later of South Carolina, and of Glover and Mary Mitchell, residents of Alexandria, but both of whom died in Texas. He was educated in the common schools of Calhoun County. He is a farmer. He represented Marshall County in the legisla ture of 1915. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; Odd Fellow; Columbian Woodman; Good Templar; and for two years state lec turer of the Farmer's Union. Married: (1) January 25, 1880, to Lizzie, daughter of John and Catherine Laney, of Calhoun, but formerly of Dale County; (2) June 12, 1884, at Coal City, St. Clair County, to Mary, daughter of Richard and Martha Ellen (Arnold) Alverson, of that place. Children: by first wife: 1. Rich ard Chester; by second wife; 2. Minnie Lou, m., Joe Read; 3. Mandie Sue, m. John L. Gil bert; 4. Lizzie Nora, m. Charles Nunnelly; 5. Ben Weaver; 6. John Aldrich; 7. William Ray; 8. Rolf Echels. Residence: Albertville. HARWELL, EDWARD J., planter, was born in September, 1817, and died in 1840, at Grove Hill; son of Robert Rivers and Sarah (Alston) Harwell, the latter of North Carolina, and brother of Mark Williams, Robert R., jr., and Ishmael Sterling Harwell (q. v.). He entered the University of Alabama in 1831 and re mained there through 1832. He served as a private in the Creek War of 1836, and after the cessation of hostilities engaged in planting. Last residence: Grove Hill. HARWELL, ISHMAEL STERLING, lawyer, was born March 27, 1829, at Jackson, and- died August 21, 1893, at Demopolis; son of Robert Rivers and Sarah Mason (Alston) Harwell, the former a native of Virginia who removed first to North Carolina, and in 1812 to the "Bigbee settlement" in Alabama, where they engaged in farming in Sunflower Bend, on the Tombig bee River; grandson of Henry and Sarah (Hill) Alston, the former a planter of Warren County, N. C; great-grandson of Joseph John and Euphan (Wilson) Alston, the former the owner of a large tract of land in Edgecombe, now Halifax County, N. C, appointed as a jus tice of peace in 1732, and served as the repre sentative from Edgecombe County in the gen eral assembly from 1744-46, and of Willis and Mary Wilson, the former a resident of Nor folk County, Va., and a member of the house of burgesses from that county in 1720, 1722, 1748 and 1750; great-great-grandson of John and Mary (Clark) Alston, the former a resi dent of Chowan County, N. C, where he owned 766 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY extensive lands, served as justice of the peace, 1724, assistant justice of the court of Oyer and Terminer, October 24, 1724— April 1729, ap pointed revenue collector for the King, 1725, vestryman of St. Paul's parish, Chowan County, 1725-47, and sheriff of this county, 1746; great- great-great-grandson of John and Anne (Wal lis) Alston of Bedfordshire, England. Mr. Har well received his early education under the di rection of private tutors; attended the Uni versity of Alabama; removed to Demopolis, where he studied law in the office of his broth er-in-law, John M. Henley, and was admitted to the Marengo bar. He then moved to Ope- lousas, La., where he engaged in sugar plant ing, 1852-57; returned to Demopolis, and again took up the practice of law, at the same time editing the "Canebrake Gazette." He entered the C. S. Army in 1862, as sergeant in Co. A, 43d Alabama infantry regiment, under Col. Y. M. Moody, Grade's brigade, later transferred to the 38th Alabama infantry regiment as adju tant, under Col. Lankford. He was wounded at Jonesboro and at Chickamauga. After the war he returned to Demopolis, resumed the prac tice of law and was mayor of this town for many years. Married: June 15, 1853, to Mary Eveleen, daughter of Dr. Alfred Goode and Mary Octavia (Walton) Vaughan, of Marengo County, and granddaughter of Reuben and Alice Goode (Watkins) Vaughan, the former a native of Nottaway County, Va., who died in Marengo County; great-granddaughter of Reu ben Vaughan, a captain in the provincial army and of Samuel and Elizabeth Goode, of Peters burg and Powhatan County, Va., respectively. Children: 1. Eveleen, d. unm.; 2. Mary Octavia, d. unm.; 3. Alfred Vaughan, d. unm.; 4. Sallie Alston, m. Dr. A. C. Thomas, of Rembert; 5. Robert Henley Thomas, m. Miss Thomas of Marengo County; served in the Spanish-Ameri can War. Last residence: Demopolis. HARWELL, MARK WILLIAMS, planter, was born in 1813, and died in 1865; son of Robert Rivers and Sarah (Alston) Harwell; brother of Robert R., jr., Edward J., and Ishmael Ster ling Harwell (q. v.). He received a good edu cation and was at the University of Alabama, 1831-32. He served as a private in the Creek War of 1836. For twenty years he was engaged in planting in Clarke County, and spent ten years at Marlin, Texas. Married: (1) Sally Howze, of Clarksville; (2) Mrs. Mary King, of Demopolis. Last residence: Marlin, Texas. HARWELL, ROBERT RIVERS, planter, was born January 4, 1823, at Jackson, Clarke Coun ty, and died in 189-, at Shreveport, La.; son of Robert Rivers and Sarah (Alston) Harwell, of that place, and brother of Edward J., Mark Williams, and Ishmael Sterling Harwell (q. v ) . He was educated in the school of his county, and entered the University of Alabama in 1841, where he was a student for one year. He engaged in planting in Clarke County for twenty-five years, removing later to Shreveport, La., where he worked two years. During the War of Secession he served as a lieutenant in the C. S. Army, 1861-1865. Married: Mary Olivia Barnes, of Suggsville. Last residence: Shreveport, La. HARWOOD, ASHFIELD BASCOMB, teacher, was bora June 30, 1849; son of William H. and Rebecca L. (Christian) Harwood, the former of Wilson's Landing, Va. He was educated in the common schools and spent 1869-70, at the University of Alabama. During the War of Secession he served as private in Co. D, 3rd Virginia cavalry, C. S. Army. He is a teacher. Married: October 26, 1878, at Orrville, Sallie Bozeman. HARWOOD, BERNARD, lawyer and judge, was born April 22, 1866, at Gainesville, Sumter County; son of Samuel Bernard Mayjor and Mary Scott (Gray) Harwood, the former of Gainesville, was a planter prior to War of Se cession, volunteered and with rank of captain was in charge of the West Alabama commis sary, the latter a native of Greensboro; grand son of Samuel Mayjor and Elizabeth (Ellyson) Harwood, of Gainesville, and of John Baytop and Martha (Cocke) Gray, of Greensboro; great-grandson of John Baytop Scott, who served as governor of Louisiana by appoint ment of President Thomas Jefferson. He was educated in the common schools and grad uated, LL. B., 1887, at the University of Ala bama. He was mayor of Gainesville in 1888; formed a partnership with A. D. Pitts, at Uniontown, in 1888 where he remained four years; removed in 1892 to Eutaw where he practiced eighteen years; was a member of the legislature of 1898-99 and of 1900-01, and was the author of the bill calling for the consti tutional convention of 1901. On November 8, 1910, he was elected judge of the sixth judicial circuit, continuing in that position until Octo ber 3, 1915. He is a Democrat; an Episco palian; a Mason; an Odd Fellow; a Knight of Pythias; and a Woodman of the World. Mar ried: June 12, 1889, at Eutaw, to Helene, daughter of Gustav and Honore (Roney) Braune, of that place. Children: 1. Augusta Braune, married; 2. Robert Bernard. Resi dence: Tuscaloosa. HARWOOD, JUNIE, merchant, was born October 16, 1844, in Charles City County, Va.; son of William H. and Rebecca (Christian) Harwood, natives of Virginia; grandson of Edwin Harwood, a Virginian by birth of Eng lish origin, and of Joseph Christian, likewise a Virginian of Revolutionary fame known as "Fighting Joe." He was educated in the com mon schools of Virginia; served in the 53rd Virginia infantry regiment, C. S. Army, and later in Co. D, 23rd Virginia cavalry. He located in 1867 at Uniontown, where he has since resided; elected in 1872, as mayor of Uniontown; later served ten years as a mem ber of the city council; and afterwards as city treasurer. He is a merchant; a Democrat; a Methodist; Mason; and Knight of Honor. Mar ried: in 1871, at Uniontown, to Emma Ware, of that place. He is the father of four chil dren. Residence: Uniontown. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 767 HASKEW, D. W„ Methodist minister; mem ber of the Alabama conference. Residence: Montgomery. HASSON, ROBERT, farmer and doorkeeper Alabama house of representatives, was born March 20, 1836, near Livingston, and died August 19, 1912; son of Isaac and Jane (McCain) Hasson, natives respectively of Spartanburg, S. C, and Livingston. He re ceived his education in the common schools of Sumter County and in Mississippi having gone with his parents to that state in 1845 where he spent six years. In the fall of 1852 the family removed to Texas, where they lo cated upon a farm, and where he was a frontier ranger under Walling and Ross. On July 1, 1861, he joined Grimes' County Grays, a com pany being made up for the Confederacy and drilling near Anderson, Texas. He was severe ly wounded at Gettysburg where he was cap tured after passing a night on the field of battle among his dead and wounded comrades; was taken to a Federal hospital in Chester, Pa., and in September, 1863, was exchanged. He was again wounded at the Wilderness, and on October 7, 1864, lost a leg at Darbytown, after which he was retired from military duty. He returned to Alabama, stopping for a while in Montgomery, but later going to Calhoun County where he unsuccessfully engaged in milling. He removed to Gadsden but finally, in October, 1900, settled in Anniston. In 1880 he was elected doorkeeper of the Alabama house of representatives, and was continuously re elected to that post until his death. He in vented in 1889-90, a cultivator and planter, which took the prize at several State fairs in Alabama and Georgia. Married: August 13, 1871, at Ohatchie, Calhoun County, to Frances A., daughter of William H. and Arminda A. Anderson of that place. Children: 1. Alice Elizabeth, m. John Pickens Allison, Little Rock, Ark.; 2. William Anderson, m. Marie Daugh- drill, Houston, Texas; 3. Mary Minnie, m. J. Ross Green, Anniston; 4. Bessie J., m. Percy Dean Black, Anniston. Two other children died in infancy. Last residence: Anniston. HASTIE, J. H, physician and legislator, of Baldwin County, was educated in the best in stitutions of his day, and studied medicine. He was affiliated with the Mobile medical society as well as his own county organization. He was a Whig and represented Baldwin County in the legislature at the time Tuscaloosa was the State capitol. Last residence: Baldwin County. HASTIE, J. M., member of the constitutional convention of 1865, from Baldwin County. HASTINGS, EDMUND C, grand treasurer, grand lodge, Masons, 1866-69; grand treasurer, grand chapter, 1850-69; grand treasurer, grand council, 1866-69; grand recorder, grand com mandery, 1860-69. HASTINGS, EDMUND M., grand recorder, grand commandery of Alabama, Masons, 1860- 69, and 1888 to 1894. HASTINGS, EDMUND R., grand recorder, grand council, 1888-91; grand recorder, grand commander, 1888-94. HATCH, ALFRED, planter, grandfather of Al fred H. Benners of Birmingham. Residence: Areala. HATCH, LEMUEL DURANT, Presbyterian minister, was born June 10, 1793, near Brice's Creek,, Craven County, N. C, and died October 7, 1866, at Blount Springs; son of Durant and Elizabeth (Norman) Hatch who lived on a plan tation near New Bern, N. C, the former of whom was a general of militia in North Carolina; grandson of Col. Lemuel and Mary (Fonville) Hatch, who lived in Craven County, N. C, the former of whom was a member of the Provin cial Congress at New Bern, N. C, August 25, 1774, and at Halifax, N. C, April 4, 1776, from Craven County, and was lieutenant colonel of Col. John Bryant's regiment, Craven County, N. C, April 2, 1776. He was graduated from the University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill, 1815, in the class with Willie P. Mangum, later U. S. senator; John H. Bryan, governor of North Carolina in 1834; Richard Dobbs Spaight, governor of North Carolina, and Fran cis L. Hawks. He studied at Princeton the ological seminary, 1816-1819, and was gradu ated in the latter year. He was licensed to preach by the Orange Presbytery of North Carolina, October 2, 1819; was ordained Sep tember 2, 1821; and was installed pastor of the Presbyterian church at New Bern, N. C, June 15, 1822. On leaving New Bern, he re sided in Duplin County, and is reported to have been Stated Supply a part of the time at Red House church. In 1833, he moved to Alabama, and October 9, 1834, was dismissed to the South Alabama Presbytery. He lived near Greensboro, and was one of the original mem bers of the Presbytery of Tuscaloosa, organized in 1835. He preached in Greensboro and neigh boring churches when they were vacant, and during the latter years of his life labored among the negroes in the bounds of Tusca loosa Presbytery. He served as moderator of the Synod of North Carolina, in Raleigh, in 1828. Married: January 15, 1828, in Duplin County, N. C, near Faison, to Martha Hill Dixon, who was born in 1808, and died in 1880, daughter of Lewis and Catherine (Hill) Dixon, the former of whom was born in 1778 and died in 1815; granddaughter of Col. William and Mary (Williams) Dixon, the former of whom was born in 1759 and died in 1820; great-grand daughter of Joseph and Mary (Hicks) Wil liams; great-great-granddaughter of Benjamin and Christian (Bryant) Williams, of New Bern, N. C, the former of whom was fourth in de scent from Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, 1653-1658, through his daughter Frances. Children: 1. Catherine Elizabeth, b. i829, d. 1905, m. 1851, Thomas Franklin With erspoon, b. 1825, d. 1909; 2. Fanny, b. 1833, d. 1859, m. 1853, James Alexander Wemyss, b. 1822, d. 1902, captain, C. S. Army; 3. Harriet, b. 1835, d. 1894, m. 1859, Isaac Henricus Ben ners, judge, Birmingham; 4. Lemuel Durant (q. v.) ; 5. Mary, b. 1839, d. 1879, m. Alexander 768 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Hobson; 6. Thomas Alfred, b. December 1, 1841, lieutenant, Thirty-sixth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, killed in the battle of Jonesboro, Ga., 1863; 7. William Dixon, b. 1842, d. 1879, un married, served in an Alabama regiment, C. S. Army; 8. Durant, b. 1845, m. Mattie Duncan, Arkansas; 9. Annie, b. 1848, m. 1868; Capt. J. A. Wemyss, b. 1822, d. 1900, Gallatin, Tenn.; 10. Martha b. 1849, m. Capt. William N. Mont gomery, Gallatin, Tenn. Last residence: Blount Springs. HATCH, LEMUEL DURANT, soldier, C. S. Army, was born February 22, 1841, at Greens boro, and died February 17, 1905, at Perdido Beach; son of Lemuel Durant and Martha (Dixon) Hatch (q. v.). He was prepared for college by tutors at his home "Roseland," near Greensboro, and attended Princeton University. He enlisted in the C. S. Army, soon after the outbreak of the War of Secession, and was first assigned to the Twenty-ninth Ala bama infantry regiment. He was ap pointed colonel of the Ninth Alabama cav alry, and was captured and held prisoner at Johnson's Island for thirteen months. He was a Democrat and a Presbyterian. Married: (1) at Greensboro, to Willie Fredrica McRee, daughter of Rev. Frederic and Sarah (Jeffries) McRee, natives of Virginia, who lived at Greensboro, the latter a cousin of John Y. Mason of Virginia; (2) September 13, 1893, at Columbia, Tenn., to Willie Adams, daughter of Capt. George William and Jane Ruffin (Rob ertson) Adams, who lived at Columbia, Tenn., the former a native of Richmond, Va., and the latter a native of the "Cane-brake," Marengo County. Children: 1. Frederic McRee, m. Lucie Partridge, Perdido Beach; 2. Willie Lem uel, Portland, Ore.; 3. Frances, m. Putnam Mat thews, Portland, Ore.; 4. Katherine Elizabeth, m. George Randolph, Perdido Beach; 5. Hattie, Perdido Beach; 6. Lida Inge, Perdido Beach. Last residence: Perdido Beach. HATCHER, ROBERT S., planter, was born about 1801 in Elbert County, Ga., and died March 30, 1872, at Selma. He came to Ala bama early in life, and resided in Dallas County for at least fifty years. He was a wealthy planter and his boundless hospitality was pro verbial. He was elected to the State legisla ture in 1841, and again in 1853, and served some time in the State senate. He was a Whig. Mr. Hatcher lived until he had passed his sev entieth year, and was killed by falling from a train in motion near Selma. Last residence: Dallas County. HATFIELD, CHARLES ALBERT PHELPS, colonel U. S. Army, was born at Dayton, Ma rengo County, December 9, 1850; son of Henry Phillips and Stella (Phelps) Hatfield, the for mer a well known teacher who removed to Alabama from New Jersey; and grandson of Judge John Phelps, of Guildford. Vt. He was educated at Eutaw, and Onderdonk academy, Baltimore, Md.; graduated at the U. S. military academy, 1872; has always served the cavalry, and has risen from the 2nd lieutenant to colo nel 13th U. S. cavalry; and retired by opera tion of law December 9, 1914. He is an Episco palian. Married: October 7, 1880, at Ft. Gar land, Col., to Frances Ellen, daughter of Henry and Charlotte (Polhill) Blackmore, of Salis bury, England. Children: 1. Albert Blackmore, deceased; 2. Francis, deceased; 3. Helen, m. Lieut. Berkeley T. Merchant, Noria, New Mex ico. Address: War department, Washington. HAUGHTON, ABRM., soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 81, resided in Lawrence County, June 1, 1840, with William Boyce. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. HAUSMAN, CAROLINE J., organizer Hebrew ladies benevolent society and humanitarian, was born August 18, 1832, in Saverne, France, and died July 12, 1901, at Montgomery; daugh ter of Alexander and Pauline (Wile) Kulman, who removed from Saverne to Paris. She accompanied her brother, Emil, to New York on a visit to her uncle and returned to her native land only for short periods later in life. In 1861 she organized the Hebrew ladies , benevolent society and was its first president. She was a charter member and later vice- president of the Ladies memorial association of Montgomery, was a tireless worker in the Woman's hospital for Confederate soldiers in her city. She assisted in the establishment of the Working woman's home of Montgomery and for fifteen years was president of that phil anthropic institution. Some years later her daughter, Pauline, was elected to fill the presi dency. Married: Jacques Hausman (q. v.). Last residence: Montgomery. HAUSMAN, JACQUES C, wholesale mer chant, was born May 18, 1818, at Hagenau, France, and died July 12, 1886, in Montgomery; son of Maurice and Florence (Weill) Hausman, who lived at Saverne-Hagenau, France, the former a merchant, student and humanitarian; grandson of Henri and Violet Weill of Saverne, France. Mr. Hausman came from his native country to New York at the age of twenty-two, to join his uncle, Eli Weill, in the mercantile business, and later came to Montgomery where he established a wholesale grocery business. He was a man of liberal education and was sent as commissioner to the Paris exposition in 1867, remaining in that city for three years, He was unreservedly in sympathy with the Con federate cause and aided that government in securing provisions, and supplied the Montgom ery military hospitals with delicacies that only a merchant able to run the blockade could pro cure. He was a Democrat; and a member of the Jewish congregation of Kahl Montgomery. Married: to Caroline, (q. v.) daughter of Alex ander and Pauline (Weill) Kulman of Saverne, France, the former president for many years of a large Jewish congregation in that city, a man of philanthropic character and intellectual attainments. Children: 1. Paul G., m. (1) Edner A. Arnold, who died, one son, Jack Arnold, (2) Jesse M. Stevens; 2. Pauline Jeanne; 3. Beula Bell, m. Morris L. Gerson; 4. De Jalma S.; 5. Maurice C. Last residence: Montgomery. HAWKINS, ALFRED N, business man, was born March 20, 1852, in Jefferson County; son of James A. and Susan C. (Dupuy) Hawkins, JAMES H. WILSON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 771 also natives of Jefferson County. He received a good education and spent his early life in agricultural pursuits. He was appointed dep uty sheriff in 1880, later serving as deputy tax collector and also as assessor. He began his business career as a partner in the grocery firm of Daniels, Cheek and Hawkins, continuing until 1886, when Mr. Daniels retired and the firm became Cheek and Hawkins. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. Married: in October, 1877, to Francis E., daughter of Dr. T. F. and Mary J. (Sim mons) Cheek; granddaughter of Dr. A. Q. Sim mons, whose liver regulator attained a world wide fame. Married: 1. Mamie C; 2. Talbert F.; 3. Guy D. V; 4. Olga; 5. Johnston. Resi dence: Birmingham. HAWKINS, BENJAMIN, Indian agent, was born August 15, 1754, in Bute, later, Warren County, N. C, and died June 6, 1816, at Fort Hawkins, Ga.; son of Col. Philemon and Delia (Martin) Hawkins, the former a native of Glou cester County, Va., who removed to Bute County, N. C., a soldier of the Revolution, signer of the state constitution, and a member of the convention that ratified the federal con stitution; grandson of Philemon and Ann Elea nor (Howard) Hawkins, the former a native of England who emigrated to Virginia in 1715. Benjamin Hawkins was educated at Princeton college; served as a French interpreter during the Revolutionary War ; and was a member of congress from North Carolina for a number of years. About 1795 he was appointed agent to superintend all Indians south of the Ohio River. . He established his headquarters in December, 1796, at Fork Hawkins, Creek Nation, on Ocmul gee River, opposite the present city of Macon, in Bibb County. During his services as agent many visits were paid to Tuckabatchie in the Upper Creek and to Coweta in the Lower Creek nations in Alabama. He submitted his resigna tion to each of the succeeding presidents, but it was not accepted, therefore he remained at his post until his death. Author: "Sketch of the Creek country in 1798 and 1799," published as part one of volume 3 of the collections of the Georgia historical society, 1848; "Letters of Ben jamin Hawkins, 1796-1806," published by the same society in 1916. Besides these two pub lished works he left a vast lot of material in manuscript, a great deal of it however was destroyed by fire a short time after his death. Children: 1. Madison; 2. Virginia; and several other daughters. Last residence: Fort Haw kins, Ga. HAWKINS, HIRAM, public official, was born September 9, 1826, in Bath County, Ky.; son of Thomas and Mary (Dean) Hawkins, who lived on a farm in Bath County, the former of whom was a farmer, merchant, and miller, who died of cholera at Maysville, Ky., on his return /rom a journey to Baltimore in the interests of his store, about 1846. His ancestors came from the shores of Bristol Channel to Maryland, shortly after the first settling of that territory as a colony, being driven from England by political and religious oppression. Members of the family took an active part in the war for independence, and at the close of the Revolu tion, Col. Hawkins' grandfather moved from Maryland to Kentucky, as one of the band of men who redeemed Kentucky from wilderness and savagery. Col. Hawkins was reared on his father's farm in Bath County, and attended the common schools of the district. He left school at the age of nineteen to aid in the manage ment of his father's estate, but continued his educational training by reading and study. When he was twenty-six years old, he was chosen colonel by the militia regiment of his county, and the selection was confirmed by the governor of Kentucky. In 1854, he was nomi nated for high sheriff of Bath County, by the newly organized Democratic party, and was defeated by the Whig candidate by only thirty some votes. The next year, when the Whig and Know-Nothing parties swept the state, car rying their state ticket through by an enor mous majority, Col. Hawkins was elected to the State legislature from Bath, the only county in the state which went Democratic. In 1859, he sold his farm and made some investments in Texas. The following year, he established a sheep ranch in Texas, stocking it with Ken tucky sheep of a superior breed, with the in tention of moving to his new property the next year, 1861. The approach of war and the death of his wife caused a change to be made in his plans. At the outbreak of war, Col. Hawkins arrayed himself against what seemed to him to be the coercive measures of the Federal gov ernment, and joined his fortunes to those of his state on the basis of neutrality. As soon as hostilities began, he raised, drilled and dis ciplined a company of cavalry which he ten dered to the governor to be used in sustaining the state's policy. After the neutrality theory was exploded, and the state occupied by Fed eral troops and marshals, Col. Hawkins, with part of the company of volunteers raised by him, left Bath County to join the C. S. Army. He was mustered into the service as a private soldier, was appointed captain of a company three days later, was subsequently elected ma jor of his regiment, and in 1862 was made com mander of the Fifth Kentucky infantry, with the rank of colonel. He led his command from that time until the close of hostilities, taking part in the battles of Princeton, Va., Resaca, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Dallas, Intrenchment Creek, and took an active and conspicuous part in harassing detachments ' of Sherman's army on its march to the sea. After the war, he located in Alabama, and became one of the most progressive farmers of the day. Last residence: Alabama. HAWKINS, IRA FRANCIS, Methodist min ister, was born January 13, 1870, near An drews' Camp Ground, Pickens County; son of Gabriel and Martha Elizabeth (Lawrence) Hawkins, the former a native of Spartanburg, S. C, who served in the Methodist ministry of the Alabama conference for twenty-five years preceding his removal to Mississippi where his death occurred at Rose Hill. The Lawrence family resided at Crawfordville, Miss. He re ceived his primary education under competent instructors, and graduated from the Southern 772 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY university, A. B., 1889, and A. M., 1891; received orator's medal and was tutor in mathematics; principal of Hattiesburg city schools one year, 1890; attended the theological department of Vanderbilt university 1893; was licensed to preach at Hattiesburg, Miss., 1890; joined the North Alabama conference, M. E. church, South, at Talladega in 1893, fifty years after his father had joined at the same place; has served churches at Town Creek, Courtland, Cullman, New Decatur mission, Wesley chapel in Birming ham, Tuscumbia and Florence, Decatur and Bes semer,-' has served as presiding elder of the Gadsden, the Florence, the Decatur and the Roanoke districts. He is a Democrat; a Knight Templar; Shriner; Odd Fellow; Knight of Pythias; and a Woodman of the World. Mar ried: January 30, 1895, at Courtland, to Katie, daughter of Edward and Caroline (Watkins) Shackelford; and granddaughter of Dr. Jack Shakelford (q. v.). Children: Katherine Shakel- ford. Residence: Roanoke. HAWKINS, JAMES E., lawyer, was born April 10, 1851, at Elyton, and died July 3, 1895, at Birmingham; son of Dr. Nathaniel and Maria (Welton) Hawkins, the former a prac ticing physician, who was graduated from a medical college in New York, and died in 1877, the latter the founder of the Episcopal church in Jefferson County, who died at Elyton 1883; grandson of Williamson Hawkins, one of the first white men to invade the forest of Jones Valley, having come from Woods Station, S. C, 1813, and later moving to Village Creek on what for three quarters of a century was known as the Hawkins plantation, where he lived until his death in 1876. His maternal grandfather was a farmer in New England, whose family in cluded the original proprietors of the towns of Farmington, Mattatuck, Waterbury, and other New England colonial towns. After the War of Secession was concluded, Mr. Hawkins and his younger brothers undertook the man agement of the home farm, doing the work about the place which had been formerly han dled by the negroes. He remained on the farm for four years, and in 1869 entered the Univer sity of the South at Sewanee, Tenn., being the seventeenth student to matriculate in that in stitution. He remained at college three years, and finished his course as prepared there, but took no degree, as the University had not at that time arranged degrees. He was admitted to the bar before Judge Mudd, in September 1872, after six months of hard study in a law office. He practiced law in Jefferson County for two years, and in December, 1874, moved to Shelby County to take up a law partnership with Senator John T. Morgan. He remained there for two years, the only period of his life spent in residence outside of Jefferson County. While in Shelby County, Mr. Hawkins, with William McMath, founded and edited the Shelby "Sentinel." After returning to Jeffer son County, he bought an interest in the Jef ferson "Independent," and for four years was political editor of that paper. For some time he was general guardian of the county, resign ing that position in 1881. In 1880, he was the Democratic nominee for representative in the lower house of the . legislature, and was de feated after a hot contest by a majority of seven. In 1882, he was again candidate for the legislature, and defeated his former opponent, becoming, during his term in the house, a mem ber of the judiciary committee, and chairman of the committee on mining and manufactur ing. In December 1880, he was appointed as sistant solicitor for Jefferson County; was ap pointed by the legislature solicitor for the county, December 1884, and re-elected to the office by the legislature, 1886. Married: No vember 14, 1872, to Tempe Fitts, daughter of John and Virginia (Aylette) Fitts, the former a planter, merchant and trader; granddaughter of Judge Oliver Fitts (q. v.). Children: 1. Maggie Welton; 2. James Fitts; 3. Sarah; 4. Richard Nathaniel; 5. Roberta; 6. Julian Ed ward. Last residence: Birmingham. HAWKINS, J. G., member of the constitu tional convention of 1861, from Washington County. HAWKINS, SAMUEL WILLIAMSON, print er; was born September 7, 1877, at McCalla, Jefferson County; son of Samuel Leonard and Fannie (Thomas) Hawkins, the former a na tive of Jefferson County, a farmer and saw mill operator, who lived at Hawkins Springs; grandson of David and Mary (Findley) Haw kins, of Hawkins Springs, Jefferson County, and of John Thomas and wife, formerly a Miss Murphy, of Bucksville. Representative Haw kins received his education in the public and private schools of Jefferson County, and Wheeler business college, of Birmingham. He is the owner of the Birmingham Dispatch Printing Co. In the Spanish-American War, he served as a private in Troop D, cavalry regi ment, national guard, under Captain E. J. Mc- Crossin. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; Mason; thirty-second degree Scottish Rite; Royal Arch; and a Shriner. Married: August 1, 1904, at North Birmingham, to Eva Mae, daughter of John M. and Sarah Ann (Dodson) McCurry, of North Birmingham, who came to Jefferson County from Northern Georgia. Children: 1. Bessie May; 2. Sarah Frances; 3. Sammie Lee; 4. Wilhelmina. Residence: North Birmingham. HAWKINS, VIRGIL OCTAVIUS, Methodist minister, was born August 5, 1847, in Pickens County, and died at Lineville; son of Lieu Dolphus Hawkins, a descendant of one of the seven Hawkins brothers who immigrated from England, several of whom settled in Spartan burg, S. C, about the Revolutionary period. Dr. Hawkins received his education in the dis trict schools of his native county, and Artesia, Miss., and Summerfield, being in the home of Bishop Andrew in the latter place. He entered the Confederate Army in 1863 at the age of seventeen years, and served the remaining years of the conflict. In 1868 he was licensed to preach, and joined the Methodist confer ence, serving as his first charge, the Columbus circuit. Later he served numerous pastorates, and was presiding elder of the Lafayette, Bir mingham, Gadsden, Decatur, Tuscaloosa and DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 773 Albertville districts, and served the Decatur, Talladega, Hartselle and Lineville stations. He was especially zealous in his advocacy of mis sionary work. Married: December 29, 1869, in Lowndes County, Miss., to Mary Isabella, daugh ter of James and Lockey (Adams) Davis, na tives of Wilson County, Tenn.; granddaughter of Francis Adams, and a relation of John Adams, president of the United States, and of Francis Adams of Revolutionary fame. Chil dren: 1. Eugene Hargrove, a Methodist min ister of great promise who died August 2, 1902, m. Sarah Swayne Wager and left her widowed with four children; 2.-5. David Keener and three other children who died in infancy; 6. Lena Belle, m. L. P. Watts, Lineville; 7. Lieu Dolphus, m. Georgia Augusta Gaines, New York City; 8. Virgil Hillman, Methodist minister, m. Narcye Jane Steele, Lincoln. Last residence: Lineville. HAWKINS, WILLIAM STEWART, teacher and author, was born October 2, 1837, at Tri- nana, Madison County, and died in 1904, in Nashville; son of Robert Hawkins, of Maryland, who removed to Alabama, about 1836; grandson of Caleb Hawkins, also of Maryland. His edu cation was directed by his widowed mother; at the University of Nashville, his guide being Gen. Bushrod Johnson; at Lebanon, his studies were directed by his uncle, Lt.-Gen. A. P. Stewart. In 1858, he graduated from Bethany college, Va., with first honors and valedictorian. From 1858 to 1861, he taught school at Nash ville, and studied law under Gen. Niel S. Brown. He entered politics on the side of Secession; joined the Confederate Army and rose to the rank of colonel ; was taken prisoner and while in prison, began to write poetry. Returning to Nashville, after the close of the war, he resumed writing. Author: "The Friend," and "The Hero without a name." Last residence: Nashville. HAWKS, F. H., clerk of the Alabama Baptist State convention, 1874. HAWN, WILLIAM, civil engineer and audi tor, was born December 27, 1837, at Tuscaloosa, Tuscaloosa County, and died May 11, 1909, in Washington City; son of William and Mary (Phelan) Ha wn, the former a native of Virginia, who removed first to Huntsville, and later to Tuscaloosa, elected State treasurer of Alabama, 1835, and resigned in 1840 to become cashier of the State bank; grandson of John and Priscilla Oakes Morris (Ford) Phelan of Huntsville, the former was captain of Irish volunteers, Queens County, removed to New York City in 1793, where he became clerk in the Manhattan bank, ,and later cashier of the Bank of New Bruns wick, N. J., and finally settled in Huntsville, the latter the niece of Sir Richard Oakes of Scotland; great-grandson of Dennis and Mary (Lalor) Phelan of Queens County, Ireland, a native of Marysboro, who emigrated to Peters burg, Va., where he died in 1830; great-great- grandson of John and Mary (Shugan) Phelan of Gloucester Castle, Kings County, Ireland and grandnephew of James Phelan, Bishop of As- sory. The Hawn family came to America from Germany after the American Revolution. The Phelans were of Irish stock. William Hawn's education was limited to private schools but by diligent application he acquired the profes sion of a civil engineer. In 1853 he entered an engineer corps to survey the N. E. and S. W. Alabama R. R. to be constructed from Meridian, Miss., to Chattanooga, Tenn., but after about eighteen months operations were suspended. He then entered the service of the Southern and Western produce co., a wholesale firm in Mobile, but in 1859 he removed to New Orleans for a year, after which he returned to Mobile and joined the "Gulf City Guards" and went with this organization to Fort Morgan, before the State seceded from the Union. He was detailed by Quartermaster General Duff Greene, for service in his office in Mobile, but not being satisfied with this service he returned to New Orleans where he joined Co. B, Crescent rifles which rendezvoused at Camp Moore and became part of the Seventh Louisiana infantry regi ment. On account of permanent disabilities re ceived in battle, he was discharged from the serv ice, but became a clerk in the ordnance depart ment, later to be military store keeper with rank of captain. In 1869 he removed to Selma where he became deputy collector, U. S. internal revenue. He later accepted employment with the builders of the Selma, Marion and Memphis R. R., and became the agent for that line at Greensboro, and later its general agent with headquarters at Selma. In 1880 he entered the service of the Selma, Rome and Dalton R. R. and when that road became the property of East Tennessee, Virginia, and Georgia R. R. co., he removed to Knoxville, Tenn., where he became a clerk in the auditor's office; was pro moted auditor in 1885, and for ten years served in that capacity. He became assistant auditor for the Southern railway co., after this date with headquarters in Savannah, Ga., but was later removed to the Washington headquarters where he retained his position in the audi tor's office for many years. Married: February 5, 1862, at Richmond, Va., to Mary Harrington, daughter of Hon. James and Sarah Ann (Ward) Thomson, who lived in New York City. Chil dren: among these, 1. Henry G., of New York City; 2. Phelan. Last residence: Washington, D. C. HAWTHORN, FRANK, physician, was born September 20. 1835. at Belleville. Conecuh County, and died February 24, 1876, at New Orleans, La.: son of Thomas Jefferson and Katherine (King) Hawthorn, the former who was a native of Dublin. Ga., lived at Belleville and later at Pine Apple; grandson of Joshua and Sarah (Reagin) Hawthorn, who lived at Belleville, but were natives respectively, of North and South Carolina, and of John and Elizabeth (Coleman) King. South Carolinians, who lived at Belleville. He received a good early education and later attended the Univer sity of Alabama. He attended the medical de partment of the University of Virginia, was graduated from the Bellvue hospital medical college at New York City, and later had charge of a branch of the hospital department, New York City. In 1859, he removed to Pine Apple, 774 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY in 1860, went to New Orleans, and in 1861, re moved to Pensacola. He enlisted in the C. S. Army, as private in Co. D, First Alabama regi ment, with which he served until 1861, when he was appointed assistant surgeon with the rank of captain. Later he was appointed sur geon with the rank of major. He was placed in charge of a field hospital, and was sent to Corinth, Miss., to assist Dr. Ford in hospital work there. He was with Bragg, during the Kentucky campaign, and when Bragg fell back on Tennessee, he was sent to Chattanooga to establish a hospital there, which was known as the Academy hospital until the close of the war. In the latter part of 1865, he went to London to St. Bartholomew's hospital for treatment, and practiced in St. Bartholomew, and in London. After two years, he returned to New Orleans, and filled a professorship in Tulane medical college, until his death, in 1876. He contributed several articles to the New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal and among them were: "Alcohol; Its Action in Health and Disease"; "Brain Softening"; Pneu monia"; and "A Remarkable Case of Opium Poisoning." He was unmarried. Last resi dence: New Orleans. HAWTHORN, JOSEPH RICHARD, planter, was born March 8, 1805. in Robinson County, N. O, deceased; son of Joshua Hawthorn.' At the age of five years, he removed with his par ents to Wilkinson County, Ga., where they lived until, 1817, when they removed to Cone cuh County, and settled near Belleville. He engaged in farming, and held several offices of public trust before he removed, in 1854, to Pine Apple, Wilcox County. He represented the latter county for two terms in the legisla ture. He was a Democrat, and a member of the Baptist church, which he served as dea con. Married: (1) Sarah King, of Conecuh County; (2) Elizabeth King, of Conecuh Coun ty; (3) Harriet Herbert, of Mobile. Children, by first marriage: 1. Joshua King, deceased, m. (1) Francis Thomas, (2) Jane Williams; 2. James, deceased; 3. John Jefferson, d. at the age of twenty-five years; by second marriage: 4. Joseph Richard, jr., sergeant, C. S. Army, m. (1) Mary E. Burford, (2) Susan Hunter Mc Creary, child by second marriage, Samuel Mc Creary, M. D., Mobile, 1889, m. Marie Charlotte Hamil; 5. Sarah; 6. Catherine; 7. Emma; 8. Laura; 9. Caroline. Last residence: Pine Ap ple. HAWTHORNE, ALEXANDER TRAVIS, Baptist minister, Confederate soldier; was born in 1825, in Conecuh County; son of Rev. Kedar and Martha (Baggett) Hawthorne (q. v.) ; nephew of Hon. J. R. Hawthorne of east Wilcox County; and brother of Rev. James Boardman (q. v.). He grew to manhood in Wilcox County, and in 1846 went to Mexico as a lieutenant in Capt. Blanton McAlpine's com pany from Mobile. Later he practiced law for several years in Arkansas, and was in the mer cantile business in New Orleans, La., at the be ginning of the War of Secession. He returned to Arkansas and recruited a regiment for the C. S. Army, took an active part in the service and was promoted to the rank of brigadier gen eral in the Trans-Mississippi department under Gen. Price. After the war, he resided in Texas and became a Baptist minister. Last resi dence: Texas. HAWTHORNE, JAMES BOARDMAN, Bap tist minister, evangelist and lecturer, was born on his father's plantation in Wilcox County, May 16, 1837, and died February 23, 1910, in Richmond, Va.; son of Rev. Kedar and Martha (Baggett) Hawthorne, the former a native of Robinson County, N. C., who removed to Cone cuh County, and was married there in 1825, served many pastorates in Alabama and Florida, and during his fifty years ministry in the Baptist church immersed more than five tnousand converts, and who died in Greenville in 1877. Dr. Hawthorne attended school at the Camden military academy, completed his literary studies at Howard college, then at Marion, and spent three years in the study and practice of law in Mobile. Under a sense of duty he abandoned that profession, and en gaged in the ministry. He re-entered Howard college, took the theological course, and was ordained for the ministry at Friendship Bap tist church, Wilcox County, September 22, 1859. Soon after ordination he became pastor of the Second Baptist church of Mobile. In 1863 he entered the Confederate Army as captain of the 24th Alabama infantry regiment, but resigned to become chaplain. At the close of the war, he accepted the pastorate of a church in Selma; two years later he was called to the pastorate of the Franklin Square church, Baltimore, Md.; and three years later he ac cepted a call to the First Baptist church of Albany, N. Y., from which he went to the Broadway Baptist church, Louisville, Ky. While there he led in the movement for a new house of worship, which was completed at a cost of $100,000. He then accepted the pastor ate of the Tabernacle Baptist church of New York City, but the rigors of a northern climate, together with his ministerial zeal broke his health, and in 1875 he returned to Alabama, and located in Montgomery as pastor of the First Baptist church. In the fall of 1879 he was called to serve the First Baptist church, Richmond, Va., and after remaining there five years he served the First Baptist church of Atlanta for twelve years, from which he went to Nashville to the First Baptist church for three years and then to Grove Avenue church, Richmond, Va. He celebrated his seventieth birthday in Richmond, 1907, during the meet ing of the Southern Baptist convention, after having been in the ministry nearly fifty years. Married: at Mobile, to Emma Matilda, daugh ter of James and Amelia Hutchison. Children: 1. Hartwell, m. Lottie Tupper of Richmond, Va.; 2. Charles, m. Effie, daughter of Warren Brown of Montgomery, resides in Baltimore, Md.; 3. died in infancy. Last residence: Rich mond, Va. HAWTHORNE, KEDAR, Baptist minister, was born in January, 1797, in Robinson County, N. C, and died in August, 1877, in Greenville. He moved to Alabama in 1817, and settled in DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 775 Conecuh County. Six months after his arrival in Alabama, he enlisted in the U. S. Army un der Gen. Jackson, and continued with him until the close of the Indian War in Florida. After his return to Conecuh, he settled near Belle ville. He was baptized by Rev. Alexander Travis in 1825, and began to preach two or three years afterward. After serving as a li centiate for a short time, he was ordained by Elder Travis and Elder Ellis. He began his ministerial work in the Forks Sepulga, and later moved to Mt. Moriah, Wilcox County, where he founded the Baptist church, known as Fellowship church. He became identified with every denominational interest that sprang up in the counties of Monroe, Wilcox and Cone cuh, and aided in the constitution of most of the churches in those counties. In 1856, Rev. Hawthorne moved to Mobile, and estab lished a book store, at the same time serv ing as pastor of the Stone Street African church. He spent more than fifty years in the ministry; was a missionary in eastern and middle Florida; founded many churches in south Alabama and west Florida; and baptized about forty-five hundred persons. Married: in 1825, near Belleville, to Martha Baggett. Among his children were Rev. James Boardman Haw thorne (q. v.), and Gen. Alexander Travis Haw thorne ( q. v.). Last residence: Greenville. HAYES, ANDREW WILSON, teacher, was bom September 7, 1856, at Woodstock, Bibb County; son of William Sidney and Irene S. (Moore) Hayes, the former a native of North Carolina; grandson of Andrew Wilson) and Nancy Hayes, of Vance, and of Michael and Nancy Moore ; his early education was obtained at Green Pond academy and at Pleasant Hill academy; graduated at Alabama university, A. B., 1883; taught at Monterey academy, 1883-84, Green Pond academy, 1884-86, principal of the latter from 1887 to 1908 with the exception of terms from 1898 to 1900; superintendent of edu cation of Bibb County from 1908 to 1913. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; Mason; Knight of Pythias; Woodman of the World. Married: September 21, 1893, at Centerville, to Annie Josephine, daughter of Isaac and Nancy S. Going, of Pickens and Tuscaloosa Counties. Children: 1. Hattie Irene; 2. William Young; 3. Mary Louise; 4. Annie Lois; .5. Lillian, de ceased; 6. Nannie Andrew. Residence: Wood stock. i HAYES, ROBERT HUGHES, physician, was born May 13, 1853, at Dudleyville, Tallapoosa County; son of Dr. James Augustus and Ann Eliza (Thomas) Hayes, the former a native of Columbus, Ga., who lived at that place, later moving to Alabama, where he lived in Dud leyville, in Pike County, and at Union Springs; grandson of Robert and Susan Caroline (Beck- man) Hayes, who lived at Columbus, Ga., the former who lived at Gadensboro, Greene County, Ga., in 1824, then at Crawfordville, Taliaferro County, and at LaGrange, before moving to Columbus, the latter a lineal de scendant of Capt. Samuel Beekman, who com manded a company in the Revolutionary War, and was assassinated by the Tories near Mil ledgeville, Ga., while serving in the secret serv ice of the state, and who has had raised in his honor over his grave a monument placed there by the commonwealth, and of Dr. John Hughes and Sarah Jane (Hunter) Thomas, who lived at Tuskegee, at Wetumpka, at Ft. Mitchell, Russell County, and near Union Springs; great-grandson of Gen. John G. Hayes, a soldier in the Revolution, and of Ed ward and Hannah (Hughes) Thomas, the for mer a native of Wales who came with his brothers, John, Mike, Joseph and Hal, to America and settled at Goalsberry Falls, on James River, Buckingham County, Va., on what was known as the Thomas Farm, the latter a native of Albermarle County, Va.; great-great- grandson of Capt. George Hayes, captain of a vessel on Pamunkey River; great-great-great- grandson of Robert Hayes, an Englishman and an old style Methodist. Mr. Hayes was edu cated in the public schools of Union Springs, taught by Prof. C. L. McCartha; attended the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1869-1870; and Emory college, Georgia, 1872-1873. He devoted the next two years of his life to business, and in 1875 began to study medicine under his father and Dr. C. H. Franklin at Union Springs. He took a full course of lectures at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn., and was gradu ated at the St. Louis medical college, M. D., 1879. He entered the practice of medicine at Union Springs in August, 1879, and has prac ticed at that place ever since. He has served as coroner of Bullock County; as county health officer, as chairman of the county board of health, is a life counsellor of the Alabama Medical Association, has been city physician of Union Springs, is a member of the county, state and national medical associations and of the Tri-state Medical Association of Georgia, Ala bama, and Tennessee, is a Democrat, a Metho dist, and a Mason. Married: April 5, 1883, at "Ingleside," Barbour County, to Anna Martha Williams, daughter of Dr. Robert Walton and Geraldine (Carter) Williams, of that place; granddaughter of Col. Zackariah and Martha (Walton) Williams, who lived in Augusta, Ga., and of Judge W. P. and Ann Harris (Davis) Carter, of Georgia; great-granddaughter of Robert and Blanch (Glascock) Walton, who lived at Frog Hall, Richmond County, Ga., the former a captain in the Revolution and a brother of George Walton, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, and of Gazaway Davis; great-great-granddaughter of William Glascock, who came to America in 1630 from England, who was twice elected speaker of the assembly of Georgia, and during the Revolution acted as governor of the state, was one of the first speakers of the house of representatives, was accused of high treason by the British, was one of the trustees who founded Franklin college and the University of Georgia, was a counsellor and one of the founders of Richmond Academy, died in 1793, and was buried on his plantation below Au gusta, and of George and Sallie (Hughes) Walton; great-great-great-grandson of Robert and Frances Walton who settled in Prince Ed ward County, Va., in 1662, after coming to this country from England. Children: 1. James 776 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Augustus, b. 1891; 2. Carolyn Beall, m. T. L. Wilson; 3. Geraldine, deceased; 4. Maude, de ceased. Residence: Union Springs, HAYES, WILLIAM NOFLEET, lawyer, was born August 17, 1839, at Petersburg, Lincoln County, Tenn.; son of John N. and Mary J. (Blake) Hayes, the former a native of War renton, N. C., who lived at Petersburg, Tenn., and at Athens; grandson of Charles and Eliza beth (Howze) Hayes, of Warrenton, N. C, and of John W. and Mary A. (Morgan) Blake, of Petersburg, Tenn. Mr. Hayes was educated in the common schools of Petersburg, Tenn., and Athens, and at Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn., 1856-1857. During the War of Secession, he was employed as a railroad con ductor and telegraph operator; studied law under Luke Pryor, and practiced at Athens, 1865-1872; served as solicitor of Limestone County, 1866-1870; was elected State senator from Lauderdale and Limestone Counties, 1888- 1889, 1890-1891, and 1906. He is a Democrat and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: July 1, 1863, at Athens, to Mary E. Hussey, daughter of Dr. Elijah M. and Mary A. (Thach) Hussey, of Mooresville; granddaughter of Thomas H. Thach, and his wife, formerly a Miss Peete. Children: 1. William H., m. Minnie Sykes; 2. Ann Morgan, m. Charles E. Naile;3. John, m. Eppie Townes; 4. Thomas; 5. Helen Blake; 6. Baker; and two who d. in infancy. Residence: Mooresville. HAYS, CHARLES, planter, representative in congress, was born February 2, 1834, at Hays Mount, Greene County, and died at Boligee, Greene County; son of George and Anne Miller (Beville) Hays, who lived at Hays Mount plantation in Greene County, the former a na tive of South Carolina, a member of the Ala bama legislature who died at. his plantation home, September 1, 1839; grandson of Charles and Hannah (Somerville) Hays, who came from the north of Ireland and settled in Ches ter County, S. C, who were Scotch-Irish and were members of the Presbyterian church, and of Woodliff and Judith Winston (Brackett) de Beville, who came from Amelia County, Va., to Greene County in 1818; great-grandson of James de Beville, who was born June 15, 1748, and of Benjamin Brackett, who was born May 10, 1754, in Virginia. The de Beville family came from France to Virginia, and was de scended from Gen. de Beville who came to America with Count de Rochambeau as his aide de camp in 1775. The name, de Beville, was changed to Beville after the settling in Virginia. Mr. Hays received his early educa tion from Mr. Archibald at Eutaw, and from Mr. Tutwiler at Green Springs. He attended the University of Virginia and the University of Georgia. He was a planter in Greene County. With his stepfather, Col. John W. Nomack, Mr. Hays was a delegate to the con vention at Baltimore which nominated Stephen A. Douglas for president. He was elected a representative in congress from Alabama for two terms, and was a member of the Alabama legislature. During the War of Secession, he was an assistant inspector general with the rank of major in the C. S. Army, serving on the staffs of Gen. Marcus J. Wright and Gen. Preston Smith. He took part in the battles of Belmont, Shiloh, Chickamauga, and other en gagements in the army of Tennessee. He was a Republican; an Episcopalian; and a Knight Templar. Married: December 21, 1863, at Tus caloosa, Cornelia Minerva Ormond, daughter of Judge John J. and Minerva Jenkins (Banks) Ormond, who lived at Courtland, the former a justice of the supreme court, a native of Eng land, born in 1783, who lived first in Virginia, then moved to Courtland where he was mar ried; granddaughter of William Banks, a planter and merchant of Courtland; great- granddaughter of Thomas and Mary Grey (Washington) Jenkins, the former a surgeon in the Revolutionary War, the latter a native of Brunswick County, Va., whose father, Thomas Washington, was a colonel in the Con tinental Army, and whose brother, Thomas Washington, jr., was a lieutenant in Lee's bat tery during the Revolution. Children: 1. Mary Hairston,vMyrtle Hall, Boligee; 2. Anne Miller, Myrtle Hall, Boligee; 3. John Ormond, Myrtle Hall, Boligee; 4. Charles, m. Anna McQueen of Eutaw, granddaughter of Gen. McQueen of South Carolina, member of the Confederate congress, and granddaughter of Gen. Joseph Pickens, of South Carolina and Alabama, chil dren, Roberta Kirksey and Mary Hairston, re sides at Columbus, Miss. Last residence: Bo ligee, Greene County. HAYS, PATRICK, soldier of the American Revolution; and buried in Valley Creek Ceme tery, Dallas County. The inscription on his tomb is as follows: "In memory of Patrick Hays, who departed this life Oct. 15th, 1823, aged 67 years, 3 months, and 24 days. He fought for liberty and died its sincere friend." HAZARD, C. J., business man, was born in 1829 in Washington County; son of John Bours and Mary F. (Aylett) Hazard, of St Stephens (q. v.). At his father's death in 1835, he went to Tuscaloosa to live and attended the common schools; in 1843, he was a clerk; in 1849, removed to Mobile to engage in merchandising; 1858 he located in New Orleans, and engaged in the cotton business. In 1861, he enlisted in Co. C, Confederate regi ment, for the defense of New Orleans and par ticipated in that battle. In 1864 he removed to Shelby County, and kept books for the Iron works, serving as secretary and accountant there for over twenty years. In 1886, he re moved to Oxford; then to Texas but later returned to Alabama. In 1888 he became in terested in the South Calera land and improve ment company. He is a Democrat; a Mason; and a Methodist Married: (1) in 1865, to Elizabeth M. Davis; (2) in 1878, to Margaret George. Children: by the first wife: 1. Wal ter C; by second wife, 2. Mary F.; 3. George A.; 4. Belle G.; 5. Anna M. Residence: Calera. HAZARD, JOHN BOURS, merchant and bank cashier, was born in 1802, in Connecticut, and died in 1835 at St. Stephens; son of Captain Charles and Ann (Bours) Hazard, of Massa chusetts. He removed to Alabama, while it DR. WILLIAM E. B. DAVIS DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 779 was yet a territory, settling at St. Stephens, where he first engaged as a merchant's clerk, later entering business for himself. He after wards became cashier of the Tombigbee bank. Married: to Mary F. daughter of William Aylett, of Virginia a receiver of public lands, in the office at Cahaba, also a prominent law yer. Children: 1. C. J. (q. v.) m. (1) Eliza beth M. Davis, (2) Margaret George; 2. Martha, m. John S. Storrs (q. v.). Last residence: St. Stephens. HEACOCK, JOHN WILLIAM, physician, was born December 1, 1837, at Wewoka, Talladega County; son of Joseph Davis and Rachel M. (Garner) Heacock, of Talladega, the former a native of Chester County, Pa., a physician, who came south in 1821, and settled in Limestone County, later moved to Madison County where he was married, and still later settled in Talla dega County; grandson of Jonathan and Han nah (Davis) Heacock, of Chester County, Pa., and of John Garner who emigrated to Alabama in the early history of the state from Virginia and settled near Meridianville, Madison Coun ty; great-great-grandson of Jonathan Heacock who came from Staffordshire, England, to America, in 1711, and settled in Pennsylvania, Mr. Heacock was educated in the common schools of Talladega County; served for four years in Co. E, Tenth Alabama infantry regi ment, being promoted from private to captain; returned home after the war and read medicine under his father; was graduated from the med ical department of the University of Louisiana, 1867-1868; entered upon the. practice of medi cine in Talladega County, where he has since resided; was elected to the lower house of the State legislature, 1878-79, 1890-91; and 1900- 1901; and in the senate from the eighth sena torial district, in 1907. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Mason. Married: (1) to Julia A. Riser; (2) to Lou E. Riser, both daughters of George and Paralee (McLeroy) Riser, the former of whom came from South Carolina in 1833, and settled in Wewoka. Children: 1. Dr. Joseph D., m. Ida Walthrop; 2. Alda B.; 3. Georgia, m. Percy E. Howard; 4. John W., jr.; 5. Minnie; 6. Paralee; 7. Walter; 8. and 9. Irene and Kathleen, twins; 10. Nannie May; 11. Eleanor; 12. Mildred. Residence: Talla dega. HEACOCK, JOSEPH DAVIS, physician, was born May 23, 1869, at Talladega; son of John W. and Belle (Riser) Heacock (q. v.), the for mer a Confederate soldier serving in the 10th Alabama infantry regiment, and who repre sented Talladega County in the State legislature for four sessions; grandson of Dr. Joseph D. and Rachel Heacock, natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Alabama at an early date, and of George Riser, of Talladega County. Dr. Hea cock received his early education in the Talla dega County schools; graduated from Howard college in 1890; studied medicine at Tulane university, Louisiana; and later took a post graduate course in New York City. He began the practice of medicine in Talladega. He re moved to Birmingham in 1894, was elected Vol. Ill— 50 County physician in 1896 to fill an unexpired term, and in 1898 was re-elected for full term. He has served as surgeon on the colonel's staff of the 3rd Alabama regiment. He is a Demo crat; Baptist; Woodman of the World; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: to Ida, daughter of Prof. Robert Judson Waldrop, at one time a member of the faculty of Howard college. Residence: Birmingham. HEACOCK, ROBERT PRICE, contractor and builder, was born August 10, 1861, in Talladega County; son of Dr. Robert Patrick Henry and Martha (Pope) Heacock, the former a captain in the Confederate service who was killed in battle; grandson of Dr. Joseph D. and Rachel Heacock, who removed from Pennsylvania to Alabama at an early date, and of Thomas L. and Lucy (Thomas) Pope, of Macon, Ga. Rob ert Price Heacock began as a farmer but soon took up the contracting business in Sylacauga. He is a Democrat; Methodist; and an Odd Fel low. Married: November 22, 1882, to Mollie J., daughter of Washington and Mary (Mar tin) Crawford, early immigrants to Alabama from South Carolina. Children: 1. Velma; 2. Robert Patrick Henry; 3. Addie Low; 4. Maud; 5. Luther Joe; 6. Cadwalder; 7. Anne Grace. Residence: Sylacauga. HEAD, JAMES BUTLER, lawyer, was born December 16, 1846, at Clinton, Greene County, and died June 26, 1902; son of William and Cynthia (Butler) Head, who lived at Clinton, Greene County. He was educated in the com mon schools at Clinton and at the age of sev enteen years, entered the C. S. Army, joining Co. A, Sixteenth regiment of cavalry, under Col. William Armistead. He served as a private from that time, 1864, until the close of the war. He engaged in agriculture for two years, and in 1867, entered, as deputy, the office of clerk of the circuit court of Greene County. He filled various clerical positions in the sev eral court offices of the county, and in 1871 was appointed clerk of the circuit court, which position he filled until 1874. In the meantime, he had taken up the study of law, and in 1874 was admitted to the bar of Eutaw. He prac ticed his profession in Eutaw until 1888, when he moved to Birmingham. He was associated in law practice with W. C. Ward for one year, then, in 1889, was appointed judge of the tenth judicial circuit, consisting of Jefferson, Wal ker, and Winston Counties, by Gov. Thomas Seay. In June 1892, he was nominated by the Democratic state convention as one of the judges of the supreme court of the state, and was elected to the office the following August. After his election to the supreme bench, he moved with his family to Montgomery. He was a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: July 9, 1874, in Eutaw, Virginia Louise Pierce, daughter of Judge William Flemming and Mary Ed wards (Ratcliffe) Pierce, who lived at Eutaw, the former of whom was at one time probate judge of Greene County, and at the time of his death in 1873, was register in chancery. Children: 1. Rinnie Leigh, m. James Jack Christian, Greensboro; 2. Beverly Pierce, eleo- 780 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY trician, b. October 6, 1876, solicitor and in spector, Electric Light Company, Birmingham, m. Charlotte Bidgelow Barton, Tuscaloosa; 3. Virginia Roy, m. John Lanzel Kaul, Birming ham; 4. Jamie Beverly, m. Edward Bressie Vaughan, Birmingham. Last residence: Mont gomery. HEAD, THOMAS LLOYD, jr., teacher, was born December 19, 1877, at Linnwood, Pike County; son of Thomas Lloyd and Addie Ne braska (Townsend) Head, the former a native of Griffin, Ga., who came to Pike County with his parents at eight years of age, taught school in Arkansas in early manhood, merchandised at Linnwood and China Grove, of which place his wife was a native; grandson of William Randolph and Louisa (Aiken) Head, of Henry County, Ga. and later of Pike County, the for mer served as a private in the Mexican War under Capt. Sargent of Griffin, Ga., enlisted in the Confederate army under Col. Colquitt, was made captain, resigned the command following sick leave, in 1863, and was made a captain in Hilliard's Legion, of John C. and Emily (Tal bot) Townsend of China Grove. Mr. Head re ceived his early education in the public school at China Grove; graduated 1901 from the Troy State normal college, with degree of B. P.; began teaching in 1901 and has taught at Salitpa, and Grove Hill, Clarke County, and at China Grove; elected Clarke County superin tendent education, 1909; postmaster at Salitpa, 1907-09. In 1915 he was appointed a clerk in the State department of education; and in 1919 was appointed assistant superintendent of education of Montgomery County; a position he now holds. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Mason and Woodman of the World. Married: March 14, 1903, at Salitpa, to Jeanette, daugh ter of William Nathan and Nancy (Kelley) Mol ten, of that place; granddaughter of John Mol- ton a Confederate soldier who was killed in an engagement on the Chattahoochee River. Children: 1. Ruth Ondine, 2. Clyde Jeanette. Residence: Montgomery. HEAD, W. M., educator; superintendent of education of Dale County, 1913. HEALY, ROBERT WALLACE, general U. S. Army and manufacturer, for a number of years a resident of Alabama, was born October 22, 1836, at Chicago, 111., and died November 2, 1912, at Chattanooga, Tenn.; son of Robert and Ann (Wallace) Healy, both of County Kil kenny, Ireland, where his ancestors had always lived. He received his early education in the public schools of Chicago; graduated from the University of Notre Dame, Indiana, A. B. 1853, received from the same university the honorary degree of A, M., 1865, and LL. D., 1908; and studied at Sloan's commercial college, Chicago. He enlisted in the 58th Illinois infantry regi ment, September 25, 1861, was breveted major on March 26, 1865, "for faithful and meritori ous services during campaign against Mobile," and brigadier general, U. S. volunteers, March 13, 1865; took part in the campaign against Mobile and the battle of Blakely, April 9, 1865; returned to command of regiment, July 1865, and garrisoned Montgomery after the close of hostilities. After the war, he became a cot ton planter in Alabama; was United States marshal of middle and southern districts of Alabama, 1866-67; chairman Alabama Republi can state executive committee, 1872-74; dele gate Republican national convention, 1876; can didate for presidential elector, 1876; purchas ing agent for Erlanger syndicate, operating Queen and Crescent system of railroads, until January 1892, when he became president of Ross-Meehan foundry company at Chattanooga, Tenn. He was a Catholic; and a Knight of Columbus. Married: (1) October 1, 1862, to Sarah J. Nolan, of Chicago, and (2) October 25, 1899, to Jeanette Cooke, of Gallipolis, O. No children. Last residence: Chattanooga, Tenn. HEARD, GEORGE FELIX, Baptist minister, was born February 28, 1812, in Greensboro, Ga., and died in 1844, in Harrison County, Tex.; son of Col. Abram and Nancy Heard. Rev. Mr. Heard received his preparatory edu cation at Athens, Ga.; graduated from the Uni versity of Georgia, in 1829; spent one year at Princeton theological seminary; one year at Andover; returned to Princeton and remained there until May, 1833. He joined the Presby terian church at Athens, in 1827, but changed his ecclesiastical relations, in 1833, joining the First Baptist church at Philadelphia, and com pleting his studies under Rev. Dr. W. T. Brant- ly, sr. He returned to Georgia; was called to Black Swamp church, S. C, in February, 1834; removed to Mobile the next year, remain ing there for five years, during the latter three editing the Baptist paper, "The Monitor." In 1841, he removed to Harrison County, Tex. Last residence: Harrison County, Tex. HEARD, JAMES ABRAM, Methodist minis ter and educator, was born July 29, 1821, at Greensboro. Greene County, Ga., and died Octo ber 15, 1896, at Florence; son of Franklin Coffee and Ann Matilda (Bozeman) Heard, the former a native of Georgia, who lived at Greens boro, Augusta, and Milledgeville, that state, prior to locating in Mobile where he became a merchant and cotton factor, a major in the Mexican War; grandson of Abram and Nancy (Coffee) Heard of Hancock County, Ga., and of James and Julia (Mounger) Bozeman, the for mer comptroller of Georgia for twenty years; great-grandson of Thomas and Elizabeth (Fitz patrick) Heard, natives of Hanover County, Va., the former born in 1742, captain in the Revolutionary War; great-great-grandson of Stephen and Mary (Falkner) Heard of Ire land, the eldest of seven brothers, who came to Virginia, sons of an Irish earl with estates also in England. Stephen Heard, colonel in the Revolutionary War, and governor of Geor gia in 1781, was his nephew. The mansion of Gov. Heard, at Washington, Ga., still stands, a monument to the civilization of the old South. Rev. Dr. Heard was also the grandnephew of Gen. John Coffee, one of the heroes of the War of 1812, and a descendant of Gen. Daniel Mor gan of Revolutionary fame. He was also a cousin to the distinguished Doctors Nathan and Nathan Gross Bozeman. He received his early DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 781 education in Augusta, Ga., and Mobile, and graduated from Randolph-Macon college, Va. He studied law and was admitted to the bar by Judge J. C. Campbell, but being deeply im pressed with a call to the gospel, gave up his profession and became an itinerant preacher. He was licensed first to exhort by Dr. Jefferson Hamilton, August 29, 1843, in Mobile. In De cember of the same year, he was licensed to preach by Dr. Jesse Boring. His first appoint ment was the Macon circuit, that county, and he was next sent to Claiborne. He filled many important stations in both conferences of Ala bama, in the Memphis, Tenn. conference, and was a number of times presiding elder. For more than fifty-three years he was actively in the ministry. He was a ripe scholar and served as president of the Collierville, Tenn., female college, LaGrange, Tenn., female college and the State normal school, Florence. Several months before his death he was superannuated. He was a Mason. His biographer says: "During the war, 1860 to 1865, James A. Heard was a benediction and a blessing. He was instant in season and out of season, attending the sick and the wounded and dying, bringing comfort to the distressed, and was a successful agent in bearing the means of help to the needy. During all these dark days, he continued to preach Christ. Among the many who brought floral offerings to lay on his casket were some of his former slaves who never lost their love for their old master and friend." Married: in 1846, in Tuskegee, by Rev. Lovic Pierce, who had also performed the marriage ceremony for her parents, to Ann Eliza Houghton, member of a family of wealth and position. Children: 1. Franklin Coffee, physician, m. Lucy Hunt Taylor of Brownsville, Tenn.; 2. Mattie Hunter, m. Dr. Nathaniel Gilmore, Jackson, Tenn.; 3. James A., jr., m. Fannie Goodwyn, Memphis, Tenn.; 4. Altona Thompson, Collierville, Tenn.; 5. Annie, m. F. F. Boyd of Tennessee; 6. Julian Elder, m. Effie E. Hackney. Last residence: Florence. HEARD, JOSHUA T., Methodist minister; pas tor of the Court St. church, Montgomery, 1850-51. HEARIN, JESSE BETHEA, lawyer, was born July 6, 1881, at Bladon Springs, Choctaw County; son of Robert Matlock and Annie (Averytte) Heafin, the former a native of Grove Hill, Clarke County, later a resident of Bladon Springs, four years a Confederate sol dier, courier to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, sheriff of Choctaw County during the Reconstruction period, and an active member of the Ku-Klux Klan; grandson of Thomas and Emily (Mat lock) Hearin (q. v.), and of Alfred and Amanda Pauline (Dennis) Averytte of Orrville, the latter being the daughter of one of the pioneer missionary Baptist preachers. The Hearins were Scotch-Irish Presbyterians. Jesse Bethea Hearin received his preparatory educa tion in the private school of George H. McKee in Bladon Springs, and in the public schools. He graduated from the Columbian university, Washington, D. C, now George Washington university, 1902; and received his legal train ing at the University of Alabama. He located in Demopolis. and was made city attorney, 1908- 10; mayor. 1910-12, and re-elected 1914. His administration was signalized by removal of politics and the substitution of business in con nection with the municipality. He organized the Business league of Demopolis and took the initiative in bringing to the attention of the outside world the splendid agricultural advan tages of that section of the State. He is a Democrat; Presbyterian; Mason; Elk; and a member of the Kappa Sigma and Phi Delta Phi college fraternities. Married: November 16, 1910, at Knoxville, Tenn., to Johnnie Ellen, daughter of John W. and Mary (Wright) Ken nedy of that place. She was graduated from the University of Tennessee. The Kennedys were pioneers of East Tennessee, Presbyterians, Democrats and Confederate soldiers. The Wrights were a sturdy pioneer family also of East Tennessee. Residence: Demopolis. HEARIN, THOMAS, planter, was born De cember 30, 1807, at Chester, Chester District, S. C, and died March 30, 1870, at Bladon Springs; son of Robert and Nancy (Mayfield) Hearin, the former a native of Spartanburg, S. C, who removed to Clarke County, in 1814, and settled near Gosport, a soldier in the War of 1812 and various Indian wars; grandson of Robert and Mary (McGregor) Hearin, who im migrated in 1760, to South Carolina from Ire land, whither he had moved from Scotland on account of the religious persecution, being a covenanter, and of James and Elizabeth (Bruce) Mayfield, who lived in either Ken tucky or Tennessee. Thomas Hearin was edu cated at Suggsville academy, Clarke County, and engaged in planting throughout his life, being the owner of extensive lands and many slaves. For twenty years, he was county com missioner of Choctaw County. During the War of Secession, he had charge of collecting and levying taxes for the Confederacy in Choctaw and Washington Counties. He was an ardent secessionist and sent all his sons into the service of the Confederacy and also gave fifty thousand dollars to that government. He was a private in the Creek Indian War, a major of militia in 1848, and colonel of militia from Choctaw County, 1849, and subsequent years. His interest in education was ardent and he served as chairman of the school board of Mt. Sterling, a chartered institution located in Choctaw before the war. He was a Democrat; a Presbyterian; Mason; Chief of the Knights of the White Camelia, Ku-Klux Klan, in Choc taw County and a leader in that organization throughout west Alabama. He wrote its con stitution for his section and required that the rules be strictly observed. Married: in 1828, in Clarke County, to Emily, daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Rogers) Matlock, who lived in East Tennessee, the former was a na tive of Pennsylvania, and removed to Kentucky, and later to Clarke County. Children: 1. James Madison, killed in the War of Secession, 1864; 2. Sarah, m. Samuel N. Rone; 3. Mary Melissa, m. G. McSpraggins; 4. Cornelia, m. John P. Knox; 5. Clara, m. Dr. J. T. Ham; 6. Robert Matlock, four years in the War of Secession; 782 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Co. A, Third Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army and was Gen. Joseph Wheeler's courier and secre tary at one period during the struggle, m. An nie Averytte, Mobile; 7. Louise, m. Jesse W. Norwood; 8. Alfred Thompson, m. Mattie Love, Quincy, Fla. Last residence: Bladon Springs. HEARIN, WILLIAM JEFFERSON, cotton factor and banker, was born January 10, 1823, near Suggsville, Clarke County, and died July 21, 1898, at Mobile; son of Robert and Nancy (Mayfield) Hearin, and brother of Col. Thomas Hearin (q. v.). His early education was ob tained in the schools of his native county and his plans for a collegiate education were frus trated by the death of his father when he was seventeen years of age. He assumed the con duct of his father's planting interests after his death and in February, 1862, entered the Con federate Army as captain of Co. A, 38th Ala bama infantry regiment, which company he had raised in Clarke County. After the battle of Chickamauga, he was promoted major and upon the resignation of the colonel of the regiment was promoted to the colonelcy but failed to re ceive his papers as he was captured at Mis sionary Ridge. He was imprisoned on John son's Island for fourteen months and suffered many hardships. He located in Mobile in 1865, and became a cotton factor, founding the firm of W. J. Hearin and company. Later he was made president of the Stonewall fire insurance company, which position he held for twenty years. Many years before his death he became president of the Mobile savings bank and was one of the state's leading financiers. Feeling the responsibility of citizenship, he accepted the election to the Alabama legislature two terms and was also a member of the board of aldermen of Mobile. He was a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: April 9, 1846, in Mobile, to Susanna, daughter of John Samuel and Sarah (Turner) Glidden of that city, the former a native of Exeter, England, and the latter of Birmingham, England. Children: Eight chil dren were born to them four of whom, two sons and two daughters, lived to maturity. Daughters: 1. Emma Belle, m. Thomas B. Mor ris, of Mobile; 2. Mary Louise, m. Freeman C. Turner, of Mobile. Last residence: Mobile. HEARN, EBENEZER, Methodist minister, was born September 25, 1794, in Montgomery County, N. C, and died December 24, 1862, in Montgomery; son of Thomas and Rachel (Drewry) Hearn, who were married in Vir ginia in 1786, lived in Montgomery County, N. C, until 1810, and emigrated to Wilson County, Tenn.; grandson of Thomas and Nancy (Wilson) Hearn, both of whom were born on the eastern shore of Maryland, who emigrated to Onslow County, N. C, where their son Thomas was born, January, 1768, and moved, several years later to Montgomery County, N. C, settling a few miles from the mouth of the Yadkin. Rev. Hearn had a meagre education, but prepared himself for the ministry. In 1813, he enlisted in the U. S. Army, and served three months in the Creek War under Gen. Andrew Jackson. He was admitted into the itinerancy of the Methodist Episcopal church in 1816, by the Tennessee Annual Conference, and was as signed to the Duck River circuit. For a brief period in 1817, he was in charge of the Flint River circuit, and in the following April was requested to go down into Alabama and form societies and circuits. He formed his first so ciety and circuit near Montevallo. After his re appointment, September, 1818, he formed a cir cuit of seven hundred miles, composed of Tus caloosa, Greene, Perry, Dallas, Shelby, St. Clair, Blount and Jefferson Counties, all in Alabama. He was again appointed to that mission in 1819; was transferred to the Mississippi con ference and placed on the Wilkinson circuit, 1820; was appointed to the Bayou Pierre circuit, 1821 ; was appointed presiding elder and sent to the Louisiana district which embraced the entire state of Louisiana, 1822; was reappointed to that district, 1823; was presiding elder of the Tombigbee district, 1824-1828; was presiding elder of the Cahaba district, 1828-1830; was appointed agent for LaGrange College, then but recently established in north Alabama, 1830; was a delegate to the Methodist General Con ference, held in Philadelphia, Pa., May, 1822; was appointed on the Cedar Creek circuit, 1835 ; was presiding elder of the Irwinton district, 1836-1839; of the Montgomery district; 1839- 1841; agent, of LaGrange college and Central institute, 1841-1845; appointed missionary to the colored people in the Cedar Creek district, 1845; missionary to the colored people of Ca haba circuit, 1846; was presiding elder of the Talladega district, 1847-1849; of the Mobile dis trict, 1849-1852; missionary to the colored people of Mobile, 1852; to the colored people of Black Bend circuit, 1853-1855; presiding elder of the Cedar Creek circuit, 1855-1857; was as signed to Camden station, 1857; and was pre siding elder of the Gadsden district, from 1858 until his death. Married: November 27, 1822, at Montevallo, Shelby County, to Mary Walker, daughter of Rev. Joseph Walker. Children: 1. Jane, m. Rev. A. C. Ramsey, of Gadsden; 2. Caroline; 3. Mary C; 4. Robert W., m. Jennie Barksdale, San Antonio, Tex.; 5. Joseph F.; 6. Martha D. Last residence: Montgomery. HEARNE, WILLIAM, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, was born in 1746, in Somerset County, Md., and died in Lowndes County, September 21, 1832; son of Nehemiah and Betty Hearne, the former a saddler by trade as well as a farmer, owning several hundred acres of land in Somerset County, Md.; grandson of Thomas and Sally (Wingate) Hearne, of Mary land; great-grandson of William and Mary Hearne, the former a wealthy merchant and planter of Maryland, emigrating from England and settling in Maryland, 1688. William Hearne enlisted at an early age as a sailor with his brother Elisha. He removed to North Carolina, served through the entire seven years of the Revolution, at one time being a private in a company of chasseurs of Gen. Pulaski legion, and only missed being at Gen. Gates' defeat at Camden by being left behind with the small-pox. He removed with his family to Alabama, settling in Lowndes County. He wa3 a Methodist. Married: to his cousin, Tabitha Hearne. Children: 1. William, m. Nancy Miles, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 783 niece of Light Horse Harry Lee, of Georgia, and moved to Alabama, 1815, when it was a territory, and settled near Montgomery, lived there until 1838, when they moved to Louisiana, where they lived until their death; 2. Tabitha, m. Frank Truitt; 3. Selby, m. Elizabeth Ran som and lived in Louisiana; 4. Abigail, m. her cousin, Thomas Hearne, son of Elisha and Fereby (Johnson) Hearne, of North Carolina; 5 Priscilla, m. John Stephens; 6. George Thomas Coke, m. Frances Powell and lived near Lowndesboro. Last residence: Lowndes County. HECHT SIGMUND, Jewish rabbi, was born August 1, 1849, at Predmir, Trentshin, Austro- Hungary; son of Moritz and Carolyn (Wil- helm) Hecht, the former a native of Neu- stadtl, Neutra, Austro-Hungary, who lived at Predmir, Isolna and Varin, prior to immigrat ing to New York, where he died in 1900, a teacher, both in Europe and America; grandson of Simon and Nettie Hecht, of Neustadtl, and of Joseph and Ernestine (Tyroler) Wilhelm, of Predmir. Rabbi Hecht was given his pre paratory instruction by his father, and later at tended high school in Vienna. He began his theological studies in that city and completed them in New York City. He was called to the rabbinate of Kahl Montgomery, Montgomery, January, 1877, and in 1888, accepted a call from Temple Emanu El, Milwaukee, Wis. He re mained there until 1899, when he was called to Los Angeles, Calif., by congregation B nai B'rith. He is a Mason. Author: "Post Biblical history," 1895. Married: September 19, l»v&, in New York City, to Liska. daughter of Jonas and Josephine (Schwartz) Tuska of that place. Children: 1. Carolyn, m. Sam M. Newmark, Los Angeles; 2. Alma, m. Joseph Y. Baruh; i. Grace; 4. Victor. Residence: Los Angeles, Calif. ' HEDLESTON, WINN DAVID, Presbyterian minister, was born April 25 1862, in Hale County son of W. D. and Martha (Fulton) Hedleston. Dr. Hedleston received the degree of A B., University of Mississippi, 1883, and the honorary degree of D D., from Central university of Kentucky. He was principal, Toccopola high school, Miss., 1883; acting pro- lessor of chemistry, University of Mississippi, 1884; ordained to the ministry of the South ern Presbyterian church, 1885; pastor Pleas ant Grove and Mackville Presbyterian churches, Kentucky, 1886-88; Paint Lick church, Wash- mgTon County, Ky., 1889-93; Oxford, Miss 1893-1910; and professor of ethics University of Mississippi, since September 1909 .He is i a Democrat. Author: "Lamp Oil, 1898 Mar ried- in 1885, to Lillie Andrus, of Oxford, Miss. Residence: University, Miss. Louina; attended Southern university; the agricultural and mechanical college at Auburn;, and left the latter institution in his junior year to study law at Lafayette, under Judge Denson. He entered the practice of law at Lafayette, 1893; served as mayor of Lafayette for two terms, 1893-1895; as register in chan cery of Chambers County, 1895-1896; was elected representative from Chambers County in the State legislature, 1896; and was re-elected in 1898; was elected delegate to the constitu tional convention of 1901; and served as sec retary of state, 1902-1904, resigning in order to fill the unexpired term of Charles W. Thompson, deceased, in the Fifty-eighth congress; was elected to the Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth, Sixty-first, Sixty-second, Sixty-third, Sixty-fourth, Sixty- fifth and Sixty-sixth congresses. He is a Demo crat; Methodist; Knight of Pythias; and Mason. Married: December 18, 1895, at Lafayette, to Minnie Kate, daughter of Zach and Ida Schuess- ler, of that place. Children: 1. J. Thomas, jr. Residence : Lafayette. HEFLIN, JOHN THOMAS, sr., son of Wil liam L. Heflin, physician, who lived in Ran dolph County; circuit judge, 1862-65; member of the constitutional convention of 1875. De ceased. Residence: Roanoke. HEFLIN, JOHN T., lawyer, was born August 13, 1820, in Walton County, Ga.; son of Wyatt and Sarah S. Heflin, natives, respectively, of North Carolina and Georgia, the former of Scotch and English descent, whose ancestors came to America with Lord Granville prior to the Revolution, the latter of French Huguenot ancestry, brother of Wilson Lumpkin Heflin (q. v.), and of Robert S. Heflin (q. v.). His father died in 1860 and his mother in 1869. He received an academic education in Georgia and studied law in Chambers County, in the office of Steiner & Phillips. He was admitted to the bar in 1841 and practiced law for nearly fifty years. He was a member of the State senate during the session of 1851-1852; moved to Jacksonville in 1857 and was associated with William H. Forney, congressman, for three years; was elected circuit judge in 1860, re maining on the bench until 1865; was elected a member of the state constitutional conven tion of 1875; settled in Birmingham, April, 1882, becoming senior member of the law firm of Heflin, Bowdon & Knox; and was candidate for judge of the supreme court in 1886. He was a bourbon Democrat of the old school, and was a Mason. Married: in 1862, to Sarah E. Chil ton Bowdon, of Talladega, who was a native of Kentucky and died June 1, 1878, daughter of Mr. Chilton. Last residence: Birmingham. HEFLIN, H. P., lawyer, Birmingham. HEFLIN, ROBERT S., public official, repre sentative in congress, was born in Georgia; son of Wyatt and Sarah (Stell) Heflin, who were married in Morgan County, Ga., lived for HEFLIN, JAMES THOMAS, lawyer, repre- some time in that county, then in Fayette sentative in congress, was born April 9, 1869, County and later in Coweta County, moved to at Louina, Randolph County; son of Dr. Wilson Alabama in 1837, settling in Randolph County, Lumpkin ' and Lavicie Catherine (Phillips) fourteen miles west of Roanoke, the former a Heflin (q v ) ; and grandson of Wyatt Heflin native of Orange County, N. C, who went to (q v ) He received his early education at Georgia when a young man, and died in 1860, 784 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY the latter a native of Georgia, who died in 1869; brother of Judge John T. Heflin (q. v.), and of Wilson Lumpkin Heflin (q. v.). He came to Alabama, settled in Randolph County, and in 1849 was elected to the State legislature from that county, following his father in the same relation by four years. He was elected to the State senate as the successor to Henry M. Gay, in 1859, and his service in the senate extended through six years. In the elections of 1860, he supported Mr. Douglas as the repre sentative of the National party. During the war his relations with the C. S. A. government became complicated, and he felt justified, in self defense, in a transfer across the line. After the war was ended, he was appointed by the provisional governor to be judge of the probate court, and in 1868 served upon the Grant elec toral ticket. He was nominated and elected to congress by the Republican party, 1869, and served through his term. Last residence: Ran dolph County. HEFLIN, WILLIAM L., physician. Deceased. Last residence: Randolph County. HEFLIN, WILSON LUMPKIN, physician, was born March 21, 1828, in Fayette County, Ga.; son of Wyatt and Sarah (Stell) Heflin, the former a native of Orange County, N. C, who was born about 1795, was reared in North Carolina, and while yet a young man moved to Morgan County, Ga., was married and lived there a number of years, moved to Alabama, near Roanoke, Randolph County, was a planter by occupation, represented Randolph County in the State legislature in 1841, 1843, and 1845, was sheriff of the county several times, and died February, 1860, the latter a native df Geor gia, of French Huguenot ancestry, who died in 1869; brother of Judge John T. Heflin (q. v.), and of Robert S. Heflin (q. v.). He was edu cated at Dudleyville college, and began the study of medicine under Dr. R. M. Stell in Dudleyville. In 1846, he entered a course of lectures at the Augusta medical college, from which institution he was graduated, M. D., 1848. He began to practice medicine at his old home in Randolph Courfty, and remained there until 1892, when he moved to Roanoke. He was a Democrat, always took an active part in politics, and attended a large number of con ventions of the party. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopalian church, South. Married: December 8, 1859, in Randolph County, to Levisa Catherine Phillips, who died November 3, 1883. Children: 1. Wyatt (q. v.); 2. Herrington P., lawyer, b. February 26, 1862, at Louina, Randolph County, was graduated from the law course of Vanderbilt University, in 1880, read law under his uncle, Judge John T. Heflin, was admitted to the bar in 1887, prac ticed law alone for two years, formed a part nership with Col. W. D. Bulger, which con tinued until 1892, unmarried, Birmingham; 3. Walter W., farmer, Randolph County; 4. John T., farmer and merchant, Randolph County; 5. Howell T„ a graduate of the University of Maryland, M. D., physician, Roanoke; 6. James T., (q. v.), Lafayette; 1. Robert Lee;1 8. Marvin r!' b. May 10, 1878, minister, Methodist Epis copal church, South, Roanoke; 9. Sophia, de ceased; 10. Cenus, d. in infancy. Last resi dence : Roanoke. HEFLIN, WYATT, physician, was born October 21, 1860, in Randolph County; son of Wilson Lumpkin and Levisa Catherine (Phil lips) Heflin (q. v.). His education was ob tained in the schools of Randolph and Cham bers Counties, in Franklin, Ga., in Vanderbilt university, Tennessee, where he attended the literary department one year, and the medical department one year, and finally in Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia, from which in stitution he was graduated, M. D., 1884. After leaving college, he practiced medicine for two years with his father at Louina, and in 1886, moved to Wedowee. In September, 1888, he went to Philadelphia and entered Jefferson hospital for a special course, after which he located at Birmingham. He is a member of Jefferson County Medical Society, and of the Alabama Medical Association. He was health officer and member of the board of census dur ing his residence at Randolph, and is one of the surgeons in charge of the hospital of the United Charities at Birmingham. He is a Methodist. Residence: Birmingham. HELMS, ISAAC FRANKLIN, farmer, was born January 20, 1859, at Buena Vista, Marion County; son of Hosea and Sarah (Hendrix) Helms, the former of Monroe, Union County, N. C, who served as a private in the C. S. Army, and was living at Rutledge at the time of his death; grandson of Andrew and Delilah Helms, of Monroe, N. C, and of Isaac Frank lin and Sarah Hendrix, of Buena Vista, Ga. Both grandfathers were Revolutionary soldiers. Mr. Helms received his education in the com mon schools at Leon, and in the Baptist high school of Greenville. He taught school and farmed for fifteen years, then farmed ex clusively. He served as justice of the peace from 1894-1898; was a member of the county school board for several years; a member of the Democratic executive committee of Cren shaw County, 1886-1892; a member of the Peo ple's party county committee for six years; then returned to the Democratic party. He is a Baptist and a Mason. Married: February 25, 1886, near Rutledge, to Debbie Ann Swan- ner, daughter of William and Charlotte (Clancy) Swanner, of Rutledge; granddaughter of Dr. Clancy, formerly of Rutledge. Children: 1. Edward A.; 2. William H.; 3. Lalla Rookh. Residence : Rutledge. HENAGAN, DARBY, physician, was born April, 1831, in Marlboro District, S. C; son of Ephraim L. and Ann (Mclnis) Henagan, natives respectively of Marlboro and Marion Districts, S. C, of Scotch-Irish and Scotch descent, their ancestors having come to Ameri ca before the Revolution, the former a farmer and sheriff of Marlboro District for a number of years, who died in that place, in 1845, the latter who came to Alabama in 1865, died in Sumter County, 1883; grandson of Malcolm Mclnis; brother of John W. Henagan, colonel of the Eighth South Carolina infantry regiment, who CHARLES C. THACH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 787 was captured near Winchester, Va., and died a prisoner on Johnson's Island, of Angus Hena gan, of South Carolina, who was a cadet at West Point, and was a cavalryman in the C. S. Army throughout the War of Secession, of Charles S. Henagan, an extensive planter of Sumter Coun ty, who was a major in the Thirty-sixth Ala bama regiment, was captured at Missionary Ridge, and imprisoned on Johnson's Island until the close of hostilities, of Malcolm I. Henagan, who was appointed quartermaster of the Eighth South Carolina regiment in the beginning of the War of Secession, served one year, and died, of James M. Henagan, who was appointed to fill his brother Malcolm's place, and served in that capacity until the close of hostilities, of Ephraim L. Henagan who died in an ambulance on the retreat from Yorktown, after having been elected a lieutenant in Hampton's legion, C. S. Army, during his stay in the hospital; neph ew of Barney K. Henagan, who was elected lieutenant governor of South Carolina on the ticket with Patrick Noble, and on the death of Gov. Noble, April 7, 1840, became governor of the state, and of John Mclnis, who served as a member of the Alabama legislature from Sumter County. In addition to his six brothers, Dr. Henagan had three brothers-in-law who also served in the C. S. Army. He was reared on the home plantation, received a high school education, attended Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia, 1856-1857, and was graduated from the South Carolina medical college at Charleston, M. D., 1858. He practiced medicine at Rockingham, N. C, until 1860, then located at Sumterville. At the beginning of the War of Secession Dr. Henagan joined Co. A, Thirty- sixth Alabama infantry as company surgeon. He was made assistant surgeon of Bay batter ies, Mobile, and early in 1865, was promoted to surgeon of Bay batteries, which position he held until the end of the war, operating chiefly on the coast. He resumed his practice at Sumter ville, where he continued to reside until 1868. At that time he moved to Epes Station becom ing physician and surgeon to the entire com munity, as well as engaging in extensive plant ing. He was president of the Sumter County Medical Society for one term, is a Presbyterian and a Mason.. Married: in 1870, to Catherine Etheridge, a native of Sumter County, daugh ter of James and Martha Etheridge, natives, respectively of North Carolina and Alabama, the former of whom died in Clarke County, and the latter in Sumter County. Residence: Epes Station. HENDERSON, CHARLES, merchant, banker, mayor, business man, president Alabama rail road commission, and governor of Alabama, was born April 26, 1860, at Henderson, Pike County; son of Jeremiah Augustus and Mildred (Hill) Henderson (q. v.). Governor Henderson re ceived his academic education in the schools of Troy, one of his teachers being the Rev. Robert W. Priest, who at one time had been a mission ary to the Yoruba tribe in Africa. In 1875, he entered Howard college at Marion, but left on account of the death of his father and did not complete his course. While only seventeen years of age at that time, he was relieved by the State legislature of the disabilities of non age, and with the inheritance of his father's aptitude for business, began a successful busi ness career. He was mayor of Troy one term of one year, and six terms of two years each; was successively appointed inspector general on Governor Samford's staff, and aide-de-camp on the staff of Governor Jelks. He was for many years a merchant of Troy, finally retiring from this business to take up larger interests. He is a director in the Standard chemical and oil company at Troy ; director in the Troy compress company and in the Farmers and Merchants na tional bank of Troy. He was one of the found ers of the Troy State normal college, 1887, and has served many terms as member of its board of trustees, and also as secretary and treasurer. In 1887, he established the present system of graded schools in Troy. On November 6, 1906, he was elected associate on the railroad com mission of Alabama, but before taking his seat was appointed president of that body by Gov. B. B. Comer. On November 3, 1908, he was elected president of the commission, and re elected to the same position, November 5, 1912. The period was one of sharp conflict between the railroads and the people in regard to rates, both for traffic and passengers. During Gov ernor Henderson's service as president of the commission complaints constantly diminished. Annual reports containing reports of the rail roads to the commission, and giving other valu able statistics, produced a better understanding between all parties. In the Democratic primary of April 6, 1914, he was one of the two highest candidates in the race for the gubernatorial nomination, and in the second primary of May 11, 1914, was chosen as the standard bearer of the party. In the general election, November 3, 1914, he was elected to the high office of gover nor of the State, over John B. Shields, Republi can, E. H. Cross, Progressive, and W. C. Swain, Socialist. He was inaugurated January 18, 1915, succeeding Gov. Emmet O'Neal. His ad ministration was characterized by the same con servative business methods employed in his large private enterprises. Taking up the duties of his office at an epochal time in world history, the beginning of the European War, he faced as public administrator an economical crisis that threatened the overthrow of that prosperity that had preceded it. In his message to the legislature at the end of his term of office, Janu ary 14, 1919, Governor Henderson said: "In coping with the difficulties that have presented themselves during the past four eventful years, it must be acknowledged that neither the State nor its citizenship were in the most favorable condition to meet the full requirements of the times, but they have been met by the exercise of great effort and by continued persistency. In these qualities the people have not failed to show the sterner material of which they are made, even to the point of sacrifice. You recall, that at the commencement of hostilities more than four years ago, what a depressing effect was cast upon the business of the country. It was widespread and extended throughout the nation. It came just preceding the harvest sea son in Alabama, and, although we had bounti ful harvests, the markets for the products of 788 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY the field and of factory were so depressed, that the outlook was indeed very unpromising. Cotton, which was Alabama's principal product, declined to about one-third of the price prevail ing a few days before the declaration of war. For months there was practically no market for the staple and the crop of that year was forced to be sold far below the cost of produc tion." It was not until the supplies in the countries of the Allies were exhausted and America was called upon to feed and clothe not only herself but the warring nations that the products of field, of factory and of furnace in Alabama found a ready market at advantageous prices, and that prosperity returned. Through those two years of discouragement and strain upon the State's finances, Governor Henderson contrived to maintain public credit and to meet the obligations of the commonwealth as they fell due. The policy of strictest economy was adopted whenever it was within the authority of the executive. Additional duties as civil ad ministrator fell upon him during the war per iod. He appointed the administrative officers of a State council of defense, composed of an executive committee and eleven organizations having national significance and representative of every phase of our economic and social life; county councils were formed and field agents and an office force effectively carried out work that held the spirit of patriotism to the highest point, both for war work and local welfare ac tivities. The Adjutant General's department was sustained by the governor to the limit of his authority in the selection of draft boards, the execution of the federal law relating to the crea tion of the .national army, and the re-establish ment of the National Guard in the State follow ing the signing of the armistice. During his administration many progressive laws were enacted. He advocated an equalization of the burdens of taxation, so that a larger revenue might be raised for State uses without increas ing the established tax rate at the time. The legislature of 1915, made radical changes in the assessment system of the State, and State and county boards were created to study the work ings of the system and to apply the new method of equalization. The health department alarmed by the reports of medical examiners of the army, showing that forty per cent of the young men of Alabama who were examined for mili tary service were found physically unfit, under took to add new health laws to the statute books looking to the eradication of preventable dis eases, all of which had Governor Henderson's full support. The legislature of 1915 undertook the work of reforming the court system, passed the "Consolidated court bill," under which all local courts were abolished and the business of the chancery and circuit courts consolidated and transferred to the circuit courts, but the act did not reach the governor's office in time for amendments that he deemed necessary and he declined to give his approval to the bill. He had gathered, however, statistics that were laid before the legislature of 1919, that formed the basis for future remedial action. During the Henderson administration advanced educational laws were passed. Hitherto the burden of sus taining the public schools had fallen upon the State treasury, but under the new laws, made possible by a constitutional amendment, county and school district taxation were permitted to levy a three mill tax by local option, and Gov ernor Henderson put the entire weight of his personal and official influence towards break ing the bonds that had held the educational sys tem of the State in check, and the adoption of the three mill school tax was considered a re markable achievement in the circumstances of the times. Before he left the executive chair a number of counties had already voted upon themselves the new three mill tax and consoli dated schools and other benefits to rural com munities at once began to materialize. An illi teracy commission, inspired by the influence of the club women of the State and the appalling amount of illiteracy revealed by the draft law, was appointed by Governor Henderson and the work finally made a part of the educational sys tem of the State. A compulsory school attend ance law was passed by the legislature of 1915. Improvements and enlargements were made in the normal schools for better teacher-training. He advised the closer co-operation of the several State agricultural schools with the Alabama polytechnic institute, and made numerous sug gestions for the improvement of administration, curriculum or physical growth of the several types of educational institutions of the State. The penal system enjoyed humane administra tion, numerous paroles were granted to pris oners who had earned them by good behavior or to those who were incurably ill. Prison camps were reduced to ten, and those better super vised. He advocated the concentration of all State convicts at Speigner's and their employ ment upon the farm and in industrial plants to be installed there. The greatest agricultural reform in the State's history took place during the Henderson regime, viz: the monopoly, of cotton planting yielding, under propaganda of information, to diversified farming. The chief executive stimulated the campaign of education on this subject by urging the fullest coopera tion of the agricultural department and agri cultural college faculty, and both he and his wife joined the speakers who presented the facts to public gatherings. He recommended reforms to the laws for county government and sustained the work of the highway commission, Alabama being among the first of the states to qualify for participation in the distribution of funds provided by congress in the Bankhead good roads legislation, carrying a two hundred million appropriation for national use. In 1915, the legislature adopted a new primary election law, to which, after operation, out of office the governor recommended certain changes in his last message. The department of archives and history found in him a strong advocate and friend, and although avowedly a "business man," he showed the most genuine interest in the preservation of the State's history, the gath ering of relics demonstrating her material and cultural development during a century of state hood, and endorsed every recommendation of the director of the department calling for State support and executive aid. He strongly advo cated a continuation of State aid to dependent and needy Confederate soldiers and their DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 789 widows. A State board of purchase was created that has since become the board of economy and control, with increased powers. The insurance department formerly a bureau in the office of the secretary of State, was made a department in 1916, and became one of the best revenue pro ducing agencies of the State government. The fish and game department were supported and encouraged by him. The issue of the campaign and upon which the greatest stress was laid, involving his selec tion as governor, and the one that caused the greatest restlessness and agitation among the people was the status of the State's finances. The legislature for eight years preceding his election, with a realization of the growing needs of all the State's institutions and activities, had made appropriations in excess of the State's income. The result was a constantly widening disparity between expenditures and revenues. The finances of the State were running behind annually more than $450,000.00, which amount increased the deficit with each year. In 1918, the last year of Governor Henderson's adminis tration, the income above expenses was more than $675,000.00, a change of more than a mil lion a year in the State's finances. This surplus was used to reduce the accumulated outstanding warrants of the State, and as he predicted, with in two years all outstanding warrants were liquidated. All the more credit reflects upon Governor Henderson's business ability in this matter in view of the fact that the results were accomplished in a period of unprecedented financial depression except for a few months at the end of his administration. The results were accomplished without an increase in taxa tion, but through the increase in revenues pro duced by an increase in valuations even though the period, as stated above, was in the main, a war period and one of agricultural demoraliza tion. He closed his term of office with the as surance that his pre-election pledges to give a good business administration and thereby com pose the agitation that had stirred the State for years had been fulfilled. A portrait of Governor Henderson hangs in the Department of archives and history, in the capitol, painted by Mrs. A. Faunsworth Drew, of Atlanta. He is an Episco palian; Mason; and a Knight Templar. Mar ried: November 7, 1888, in Raleigh, N. C, to Laura Parker (q. v.). Residence: Troy. HENDERSON, CHARLES D., business man and U. S. commissioner for the southern dis trict of Alabama, was born July 29, 1848, in Sparta; son of Judge John M. Henderson, mer chant and lumberman of Conecuh County. He received his early education in his native county and entered the university of Alabama, being a student there when the buildings were burned by Federal soldiers. His business life began as merchant's clerk in Belleville, and later in Sparta. In 1867 he entered into part nership with his father at Castleberry, Conecuh County. Later he entered the employ of the Louisville and Nashville railroad, as agent at Sparta but soon afterwards went to Pensacola, Fla as a merchant's clerk. In 1888, upon his father's death, he succeeded him in the lumber business, and also conducted mercantile inter ests. In March, 1891, he was appointed U. S. commissioner for the southern district. He is a Democrat; a Methodist, Knight of Honor and Knight of Pythias. Married: in 1879, in Cone cuh County, to Alice, daughter of Basil Bell. Children: 1. Alice B., deceased; 2. Katy; 3. Grover Cleveland; 4. Charles D. Residence: Brewton. HENDERSON, JAMES M., real estate dealer, was born December 10, 1843, in Warren County, Miss.; received his education in his native county; entered the Confederate Army as a private in Company K, 1st Mississippi artillery and served throughout the war, participating in the battle at Vicksburg, 1862, when the Confederate ram, "Arkansas," passed through the Federal fleet from the mouth of the Yazoo River to 'the city; Port Hudson, 1863; Atlanta, 1865; Blakely, Ga., 1865, where he was captured. Afterwards he farmed in Warren County, Miss., merchandised in Missouri, and in October, 1874, located in Mobile where he engaged in the real estate business. Married: July, 1873, to Eugenia C, daughter of George Haig, a native of South Carolina. Children: 1. Bessie; 2. Robert M. Last residence: Mobile. HENDERSON, JEREMIAH AUGUSTUS, merchant, was born June 12, 1831, near Troy, Pike County, and died April 6, 1877; son of Eli and Mary (Darby) Henderson, the former a na tive of Edgefield, S. C, who removed to Clarke County, and afterwards located in Pike County, where he died on his plantation in 1857; grand son of Nathaniel and Nellie (Holiday) Hen derson, and of Willis and Susan (Burns) Darby, all of Clarke County. The paternal grandfather and great-grandfathers were Revolutionary soldiers from South Carolina. He received his education in the public schools of Pike County. He was a merchant; repre sented Pike County in the Secession convention as a Whig in 1861; was a member of Co. I, Fourth Alabama battalion cavalry, C. S. Army, commanded by Capt. A. P. Love, under Gen. Wade Hampton, Army of Northern Virginia. He was a Mason. Married: January 6, 1832, at Troy, to Mildred Elizabeth, daughter of Wil liam Murry and Martha (Ward) Hill of that place. Her family was among the pioneer set tlers of the county. Children: 1. Fox, m. Sallie Wilkerson; 2. Ella, m. William L. Brock, Mont gomery; 3. Jere Clemens, m. Nettie Talbot (q. v.); 4. Charles, m. Laura Montgomery (q. v.); 5. Willis J., m. Julia Knox; 6. J. E., m. (1) Mattie Hilliard, (2) Mildred Cave; 7. Julia, m. Dr. Hamilton Weedon. Last residence: Troy. HENDERSON, JERE CLEMENS, merchant and banker, was born February 5, 1857, at Hen derson, Pike County; son of Jeremiah Augustus and Mildred Elizabeth (Hill) Henderson (q. v.). He received his elementary education in the public schools of Troy, and later attended Howard college and Eastman business college, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He is a merchant and banker at Troy; was mayor of Troy, 1897-1899; member of State constitutional convention from Pike County, 1901. He is a Democrat; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: 790 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY December 23, 1879, in Pike County, to Nettie, daughter of Bailey M. and Mary (Mullins) Tal bot, the former was killed in the battle of Peach Tree Creek near Atlanta, Ga. Children: 1. Mary Talbot, m. Edgar M. Wright; 2. Jere Augustus, m. Buford Terry; 3. Helen, m. Emory Folmar. Residence: Troy. HENDERSON, JOHN, lawyer, was born in 1824, in Monroe County, Tenn.; brother of Rev. Samuel Henderson (q. v.). His father was sheriff of Monroe County, before he came to Talladega, where Mr. Henderson grew to manhood. He received a limited education, and during the Mexican War in 1846, went to Mexico in Capt. Hugh Cunningham's company and served at the seige of Vera Cruz. On his return he read law in Tuskegee under Judge Chilton, and was admitted to the bar in 1849. He spent the next two years in California, then returned to Tuskegee and formed a partnership with Gen. G. C. Gunn. In 1855, he came to Talladega County and became the law partner of William S. McGhee. In 1866, Gov. Patton appointed him judge of the circuit court to fill the vacancy created by Judge Smith, and the following May he was elected for a full term over Hon. G. S. Walden, and Hon. M. J. Turn- ley of Calhoun. He was put out of office in 1868, and was an elector on the Seymour ticket the same year. Married: Louisa W. Inzer, sister of Col. John W. Inzer, of Ashville, St. Clair County. Children: 1. John Inzer, b. August 17, 1865, at Talladega, d. February 25, 1895, in Chattanooga, Tenn., attended West Point but did not graduate, became a civil en gineer, at different times engaged in construc tion work on the Columbus Southern railroad, the East and West railroad of Alabama, and the Chattanooga, Rome and Columbus road, was chief engineer of the Crawfish Springs land company in 1890, to construct the railroad from Chickamauga, Ga., to the Durham coal mines on Lookout Mountain, and on the completion of the road was appointed superintendent of both the road and the mines, a position which he held at the time of his death, m. February 8, 1888, to Lucy Young of Cedartown, Ga., who with a son and daughter survive him; 2. Henry Thomas, engineer, b. October 18, 1870, assistant engineer of the Chickamauga and Durham rail road, 1890-1891, 1894-1897, at Brunswick, Ga., 1894, at Chickamauga National Park, 1897-1899, now engineer of the Dahlonega gold mining company, m. November 30, 1894, at Athens, Tenn., Jimmie May Russell, Dahlonega, Ga.; 3. Samuel Wilden, engineer, b. May 29, 1873, clerk, 1893-1894, mining engineer, 1894-1897, bridge engineer with the El Paso and N. E. rail road, 1897-1899, Alamagordo, N. Mex. Last residence: Talladega. HENDERSON, JOHN M., pioneer, was born October 14, 1824, at Brooklyn, Conecuh County, and died September 9, 1872, at Mill View, Fla.; son of David F. Henderson, an Englishman, who emigrated to America on a ship which was captured by pirates, and was saved from walk ing the plank with the other prisoners by one of the pirate crew, a Mason, who recognized his affiliation with that order, who settled in Cone cuh County, and at one time served as sheriff of that county. He was educated in the schools of Conecuh County, and during his father's term as sheriff, served as deputy. Some time afterward, he entered the mercantile business at Sparta, remaining there until 1860, during which time he was treasurer of the county for one or two terms. He moved to Pensacola, Fla., where he became a commission merchant for one year, then returned to Conecuh County and built a home near Castleberry. Together with Gen. Martin, he raised a company of volunteers for the C. S. Army, becoming first lieutenant of the company, which was con nected with the Thirty-eighth Alabama infan try regiment. He remained in active service for about two years when he was appointed judge of probate of Conecuh County by Gov. Watts to succeed Judge Cary. He held that position until he was removed from office under the reconstruction laws, after which he re turned to his home at Castleberry. Soon after he moved to Brewton, and then to Mill View, Fla., at both of which places he was engaged in the milling and lumber business. Married: October, 1847, to Laura, daughter of Armi stead Cary, a native of Gloucester County, Va., born October 23, 1791, who lived in Clarke County, Ga., was graduated from the Univer sity of Georgia in 1813, taught school in Sum ter District, S. C, moved to Alabama, 1820, and taught at Claiborne one year, was elected circuit clerk of Conecuh County in 1826 and held that office continuously for twenty-five years, was appointed by President Jackson re ceiver of the land office for the Sparta District, 1833, and held the position until 1850, and was first probate judge of Conecuh County. Chil dren: 1. Charles D.; 2. John O., deceased; 3. Samuel E.; 4. David F., killed by a horse when he was eight years old; 5. Walter, d. in infancy; 6. Stephen C, physician, b. January 8, 1861, at Pensacola, Fla., was graduated from the Ala bama medical college at Mobile, M. D., 1887, practices medicine at Brewton, m. (1) Decem ber 6, 1882, in Douglasville, to Julia Mayo, who died January 11, 1891, leaving two chil dren, Lillian Cary and Pearl Mayo, (2) Feb ruary 24, 1892, to Mary Lee Sowell, daughter of C. L. Sowell of Brewton; 7. Mary, m. John M. Rabb, Brewton; 8. Reuben F., d. in infancy; 9. Harry. Last residence: Mill View, Fla. HENDERSON, LAURA (MONTGOMERY), State president, Alabama federation of women's clubs, leader in the civic, patriotic and religious life of the State, was bora May 2, , in War renton, Warren County, N. C; daughter of Thomas Alexander and Sarah Hill (Dowtin) Montgomery, the former a Confederate soldier, planter and commission merchant, who re moved to New Orleans, La., in 1871, where he died two years later; granddaughter of Wil liam and Charlotte (Jordan) Montgomery, planter, and of Maj. Anthony and Mary (Adams) Dowtin, all of Warren County, N. C, the latter couple living at "White Oak Grove," the Dowtin ancestral home; great-granddaugh ter of Seth and Martha (Ward) Jordan, of Bute County, N. C, and of John Dowtin, of Warren County, N. C, who served in the Revo DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 791 luticmary War, and is buried in that county with his forefathers who emigrated to North Carolina from Wales in an early period of American history ; great-great-granddaughter of Benjamin Ward, a member of the Halifax congress, which met in Halifax County, N. C, November 12, 1776, to frame the State consti tution, and was also a prominent member of the Provincial council of safety, proposing the measure, immediately adopted, whereby each head of a family became a member of the com mittee, of safety, and was high sheriff of Bute County, from which both Warren and Gran ville counties were formed. The Montgomery family is of French origin, the name being spelled formerly Montgomerie, the American founder being William Montgomery, whose ancestors were French Huguenots who were ex pelled from their native country during a pe riod of religious persecution, going first to Eng land, and thence to Scotland and to Ireland. Mrs. Henderson was educated in the public schools of Raleigh and at St. Mary's Episcopal college, Raleigh. After graduation she taught for a year and a half in the State normal school at Troy, and has shown an enthusiastic interest in educational affairs in the state of her adop tion. She served as president of the Pike County school improvement association during 1906-07-08, and was elected to membership on the school board of Troy, but did not accept. The club women of Alabama selected her as president of the State federation in 1912 and re elected her for a second term the year follow ing. She is a member of the Colonial Dames and the Daughters of the Confederacy; a Dem ocrat; and Episcopalian, serving as president of the Woman's missionary auxiliary of that church during 1918-19-20. Mrs. Henderson is a woman of brilliant mental attainments and great social charm. During the four years of her husband's service as governor of Alabama, 1915-1918, she presided at the governor's man sion with distinction, and her talents as a pub lic speaker were under constant requisition. During the period of the European War she was one of the four-minute speakers. Married: November 7, 1888, in Raleigh, N. C, to Charles Henderson (q. v.). Residence: Troy. HENDERSON PERRY, farmer, was born No vember 23, 1841, in Tishomingo County, Miss.; son of Robert McNiece and Sarah (Alexander) Henderson, the former who was born and reared in Limestone County, lived for some years in Tishomingo County, Miss., where he was married, then returned to Limestone County; grandson of Richard and Mary (Tins- ley) Henderson, who moved to Limestone County in territorial times, from Wilson Coun ty, Tenn., and of William Alexander of Tisho mingo County, Miss. The Hendersons were emigrants from South Carolina to Wilson County, Tenn. Mr. Henderson was educated in the common schools of Limestone County. He enlisted in Co. H, Ninth Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army, May, 1861, and served throughout the war. After the war he engaged in farming; was county surveyor, 1884-1894; tax assessor, 1894-1907; city clerk of Athens, 1907-1910. He is a Democrat; a Baptist, and for twenty-two years clerk of the Liberty Baptist Association, excepting 1907, when he was its moderator; is a Mason; and a Knight of Pyth ias. Married: July 27, 1867, in Limestone County, to Mrs. Martha Tennessee (Black) Neil, daughter of John and Martha T. (Morris) Black, who first lived in Giles County, Tenn and later in Limestone County. Children: 1 Samuel Hudspeth, m. Annie Irwin, both de ceased; 2. Margaret Ann, m. J. E. Gray; 3. Al berta Virginia, m. A. D. Carter; 4. Alvis Perry m. Otto Eckerberger. Residence: Athens. HENDERSON, R. M., pioneer druggist, was born in February, 1827, in Tennessee, and died in Talladega; son of Samuel and Mahala (Blair) Henderson, natives respectively of Virginia and Tennessee. He began his business career as a drug clerk in Madison, Tenn. In 1852 he re moved to Talladega and opened the first drug store in that town. He was a Baptist and a Mason. Married: (1) in 1860, to Mary D., daughter of Joseph H. and Nancy (Beavers) Castleberry, (2) in 1875, to Jane O, daughter of William J. Cunningham, a native of Georgia, and granddaughter of Ansil Cunningham, a Revolutionary soldier. Children: by the first wife, 1. Samuel H.; 2. R W.; 3. Ida M.; 4. Mam- mia; by the second wife, 6. Carrie; 7. Nannie B. Last residence: Talladega. HENDERSON, SAMUEL, Baptist minister, was born March 4, 1817, in Jefferson County, Tenn.; son of John F. Henderson, of Talladega brother of Judge John Henderson (q. v.). He was reared to the business of a practical prin ter, and in early manhood moved to Alabama and established one of the first political news papers of Talladega, of which he was publisher and editor for several years. He was ordained to the Baptist ministry in the church at Tal ladega, 1840, and was assigned to that church as his first pastorate. In 1846 he moved to Tuskegee and served as pastor at that place for twenty-one years. During that time, Dr. Hen derson was editor of the "Southwestern Bap tist," the denominational organ of the state, which was published at Tuskegee. In 1868, he returned to Talladega County to take charge of several country and village churches, and lo cated in that county on a farm where he passed the remainder of his life. He was one of the editors of the "Christian Index" of Atlanta, Ga., and published a number of sermons and review articles. His discussion with the Rev. Mr. Hamil of the Alabama Conference on "Methodist Episcopacy" was published in book form by the Southern Baptist publication so ciety at Charleston. Last residence: Talladega County. HENDERSON, WILLIAM EDGAR, business man, secretary to the governor, was born July 29, 1866, at Troy, and is closely related to the family of which Gov. Charles Henderson (q. v.) is a representative. He was educated in the public schools of Troy; and has for years been interested in the real estate business, his operations being confined to cut over lands, and to coal and iron properties; stockholder in the McDonough ore and mining company; 792 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY appointed secretary to the governor, February 15, 1915, during the administration of Gov. Charles Henderson. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Mason; Knight of Pythias; and an Elk. Married: February 5, 1889, at Troy, to Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph and Sarah E. (Huckeby) Minchener, the former a native of London, England, the latter of Terrell County, Ga. Children: 1. Joseph Henry. Residence: Troy. HENDLEY, JUBAL EARLY, teacher, was born January 31, 1876, at Lawrenceville, Henry County; son of John Dixon and Amanda (Holmes) Hendley, of Lawrenceville and Abbeville, the former joined Co. H, 15th Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, May, 1861, at County Line church, and served as corporal and sergeant; grandson of John Ham ilton and Nancy Jane Hendley, the former came to Alabama from South Carolina, was in Mexican War, of English ancestry, and of Billy and Martha (Langley) Holmes of Law renceville. Jubal Early Hendley received his early education in Lawrenceville, taught by Prof. J. S. Espy; at Bowen school house, five miles north of Abbeville, taught by Prof. G. A. Searcy; at Third district agricultural school, Abbeville, and was taught by J. S. Espy, G. A. Bowen, Dan Gillia, J. H. Davis and J. B. Espy; graduated at Howard college with de gree of A. B. 1910. He began teaching in rural school of Henry County, in 1893; later taught at Thomasville, Montgomery, Mannigham, Pine Hill, Lineville, Lafayette, Tallapoosa high school, conducted Second district institute, 1910. He was president Association of Ala bama high schools, 1913; a Democrat; Bap tist; Mason; Knight of Pythias; Woodman of the World. Married: June 15, 1904, at Thomas ville, to Belle, daughter of Jerry J. and Onie Caroline (Fontaine) Pritchett, of that place; granddaughter of William Floyd and Cather ine (Philen) Fontaine of Clay Hill, Marengo County; great-granddaughter of William Maury and Elizabeth Garrett (Pearson) Fon taine, the former was born on January 16, 1793, in Louisa County, Va., served as quar termaster-sergeant in the War of 1812-14 in the department of the gulf, later resided in Clarke County, the latter was born in Walker County, Ga., September 15, 1799; great-great- granddaughter of Aaron and Barbara (Terrell) Fontaine. The Fontaines were French Hugue nots who immigrated from France to America under the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Residence: Dadeville. HENDRIC, WILLIAM, grand master, grand lodge, Masons, 1850; grand high priest, grand chapter, 1847-48-49. HENDRICK, GUSTAVUS, physician, was born in Butts County, Ga., September 7, 1833, and died December 11, 1899, at Brundidge, to which place he had removed in 1866, from Brier Hill, Montgomery County; son of Gen. Gustavus and Martha (Hurt) Hendrick, the former of Virginia and the latter of Hancock County, Ga., who after marriage lived in Butts County, Ga., the father a planter, a general of Militia of Georgia, member of the legislature from Jones County, and represented Butts County both in the house and senate; grand son of John and Lucy (Ellington) Hendrick, the former a farmer of North Carolina who moved to Georgia about 1795, and who served in the Revolutionary Army as a member of Capt. Robert Porter's company of troops from Tyrone County, N. C; great-grandson of David Ellington, of Virginia, a Baptist minister, whose grave is near Washington, Wilkes County, Ga. Dr. Hendrick received the degree of M. D. from the University of Pennsylvania; practiced for thirty-five years; co-operated with Dr. Jerome Cochran in organizing the State board of health; was for ten years president of the Medical society of Pike County; grand counsellor of the Medical association of Ala bama. He was a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Mason. Married: in 1860, Mary Frances, daughter of Simeon and Amarintha (Fears) Copeland of Putnam County, Ga., who removed first to Chambers County and later to Brun didge. Children: 1. Albert Sidney, m. Mrs. Bet tie (Hinson) Sterns, residence Geneva; 2. Lowndes, M. D. from the Medical department University of Alabama, and of the New York polyclinic, practices at Brundidge; 3. Annie Augusta, m. John Thomas Ashcraft (q. v.) ; 4. Henry O., a druggist of Brundidge, m. Ilamae, daughter of Dr. Henry Stone of Montgomery; 5. Patty Hurt, m. George W. Rainer, lives at Elba; 6. Hallie Estelle. Last residence: Brun didge. HENDRICK, WALTER BRANHAM, phy sician; graduate of the medical department of the University of Louisville, Ky., 1890; li censed to practice by the board of Pike County, the same year. Residence: Hurtsboro. HENDRICKS, HILLARY, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 80, and a resident of Lawrence County; private N. C. Militia; en rolled on October 29, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $62.50; sums received to date of publication of list, $125. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HENDRICKS, J. A., Missionary Baptist min ister; living in 1913. Residence: East Lake. HENEGAN, CHARLES S., major, 36th Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. HENLEY, ALBERT T., physician, was born November 29, 1848, at Demopolis, Marengo County; son of John Woodson and Evelina T. (Harwell) Henley, the former a native of Geor gia, who came with his parents to Alabama in 1816 and settled in Jefferson County, was a lawyer and served in the State legislature from Marengo County, 1842, the latter a native of Clarke County. His grandfather was a mem ber of the first constitutional convention and of the first legislature of the state. He was a student of Prof. Henry Tutwiler at Green Springs, and upon leaving school kept books JOHN T. ASHCRAFT DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 795 for Stephen W. Dorsey at Demopolis for one year. He studied medicine under Dr. W. C. Ashe for a year, then entered the medical de partment of the University of Virginia in 1867. He remained there until 1868, when he en tered the medical department of the University of New York from which he was graduated M. D., March 2, 1869. He returned to Hale County and began to practice medicine in partnership with Dr. James D. Browder. Two years later he formed a partnership with Dr. Charles Whelan which lasted seven years and then practiced four years alone. He moved to Bir mingham in 1881; was elected city physician at that place; was appointed inspector of the penitentiary by the governor in 1883, and two years later when that office was abolished was appointed inspector of convicts. He is a mem ber of the State medical association and the Jefferson County medical society. He is an Episcopalian. Married: November 27, 1872, to Nannie Randolph, daughter of John W. Tayloe of Hale County. Children: 1. John Woodson, b. September 16, 1876, was gradu ated from the University of Alabama, A. B., special agent, New York life insurance company, Birmingham. Residence: Birming ham. HENLEY, JOHN CHARLES, business man, was born September 29, 1842, at Montgomery; son of John and Narissa J. (Molton) Henley, the former a financier and banker of Montgom ery, where he resided until his death in 1853, the latter a descendant of an old North Carolina family. He was educated in the public schools of Montgomery, and began his business career there as a bookkeeper. He came to Birmingham early in the development of the city and en tered business there. He served in the War of Secession as captain in the Fifty-ninth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, and after the war, was for a period of six years engaged in the real estate and mercantile business. In 1878, he entered the National bank of Birmingham as bookkeeper, and later became cashier. He was one of the organizers of the First National bank, and upon the consolidation of the Na tional bank, and the formation of the First Na tional bank, was chosen vice-president of the institution, and repeatedly re-elected to that office. He is a Presbyterian. Married: Janu ary 25, 1876, at Birmingham, to Annie L. (Linn) Matthews, widow of William V. Matthews, who resided in Louisville, Ky., until his death in 1872, and daughter of Charles Linn. Children: 1. Walter E.; 2. John Charles, jr. Residence: Birmingham. HENLEY, JOSEPH HENRY LEE, farmer, was born June 21, 1864, at Macon, Ga.; son of Abram S. and Martha Angeline (King) Henley, the former a native of Randolph County, N. C, who lived at Hendersonville, N. C, and in Georgia, at Macon, Tilton and Dalton, was a farmer and a lieutenant in the C. S. Army; grandson of Henry and Nancy Henley, of Ran dolph County, N. C, and of Joseph and Mary (Lynch) King, of Hendersonville, N. C, the former a Baptist minister and a soldier in the Indian Wars. He received a country school Vol. Ill— 51 education and engaged in farming at Bradley. He was elected to the legislature in 1896, and 1900; was a member of the Democratic ex- executive committee of Escambia County, 1900- 1906; was formerly a member of the school board of his county; and a trustee of the Daphne normal school. In 1907, he was elected to the legislature from Escambia County, and during that session introduced a state-wide pro hibition bill. He is a Democrat; a Missionary Baptist; and a Mason. Married: October 28, 1886, in Santa Rosa County, Fla., to Mary Matilda, daughter of Darby and Mary (Gate- wood) Swinney, of Bradley, the former a Georgian, who served in the U. S. Army during the War of Secession. Children: 1. Lorenzo W.; 2. Angeline; 3. Charles Alfred; 4. Ethel Pauline; 5. John Morgan; 6. Julian Benton; 7. Joseph Sanford. Residence: Bradley, Escam bia County. HENRY, ALBERT GALLATIN, merchant, was born December 5, 1816, at Henry's Cross Roads, Sevier County, Tenn.; son of Hugh Henry ( q. v. ) . He received a common school education in Jackson County, whither he had been brought by his father at the age of twelve. His entire business life was spent in merchandising. In 1834, he entered his father's store as a clerk and two years later became his partner. In 1841, he opened a store in his own name on the south of the river at Gunter's Landing, the pioneer mer chant on that side of the stream. From that time until his death, with the exception of two years, during the War of Secession, he merchandised at Guntersville, and amassed a fortune. In 1865, he was a member of the Alabama constitutional convention. He was opposed to secession, and although taking no part in the hostilities, remained throughout the struggle loyal to the Federal government. He introduced the credit system into north eastern Alabama, and conceived the idea of the mortgage law as at present in vogue. With this protection, he could advance the neces sary credit to the people in distress after the war, and at the same time secure his own credit for further operations. This method of meeting an economic crisis was deemed a merciful boon by those benefited by it and it gave the financial genius that devised it a place of high regard in the section. He was a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: (1) August 18, 1838, at Henry's Cross Roads, Tenn., his cousin, Mary Ann, daughter of Sam uel and Margaret E. (Bryan) Henry, the father being a brother of Hugh Henry (q. v.) ; (2) to Mrs. Julia (Brown) Wait, of Waco, Tex. Children: by the first marriage, 1. Wallace W., m. Lida Montgomery, Guntersville; 2. Hugh, Guntersville; 3. Margaret, m. (1) Rob ert Lusk, (2) Dr. William Clifton, Waco Texas; 4. Mary, m. Daniel J. Miller, Gunters ville; 5. Sallie B., m. Joseph D. Bell, Waco, Texas; 6. Albert Gallatin, m. Abigail Moss, Guntersville; 7. Samuel, m. Mattie Hunter, Guntersville; 8. Birdie, m. Dr. William Clifton Waco, Texas, whose second wife was Mar garet Henry. Last residence: Guntersville, 796 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY HENRY, HUGH, merchant, was born April 11, 1796, at Henry's Cross Roads, Sevier Coun ty, Tenn., and died April 29, 1856, at Henry- ville, Marshall County; son of Hugh Henry also of Sevier County; grandson of Hugh Henry, a native of Lancaster County, Pa., who located in Sevier County, Tenn., and was a Revolutionary soldier. For some years before the treaty of 1835, he had been engaged in business in the Cherokee nation and was very popular with that tribe of Indians. He was largely interested in buying up native cat tle which would be sold in droves to the Bal timore market and merchandise bought with the profits to be hauled in wagons to some point on the upper waters of the Tennessee, where it would be put in barges and floated down the river to Gunter's Landing. It took months to accomplish both transactions, but this method of trading was the only one avail able at the time which antedated railroads and steam boats. Married: (1) a Tennessean; (2) Patsy, the Cherokee half-breed daughter of John Gunter, a Scotchman for whom Gunters ville is named; (3) Mrs. Annie (Clanch) Fields, a Cherokee quadroon, widow of Rich ard Fields, a prominent Cherokee; (4) Sarah Williams. Children: by the first alliance, 1. Albert Gallatin (q. v.) ; by the third wife, 2. Patrick (q. v.) ; 3. Thomas Benton, killed by Union sympathizers during the War of Seces sion; by the fourth alliance, 4. Blackstone Rector Williams, long prominent in the coun ties of Marshall, Blount and Cullman, father of Hugh Henry Williams, county treasurer of Marshall County. Last residence: Henry ville. HENRY, JAMES, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Tus caloosa County; private Virginia Militia; en rolled on April 23, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $36.44; sums re ceived to date of publication of list, $109.32. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HENRY, JOHN EVANS, lawyer, was born December 25, 1870, at Seale, Russell County; son of Beverly Marshall and Martha Frances (Evans) Henry of Seale. He attended the Seale high school and the University of Ala bama from which latter institution he gradu ated in 1890 with the M. A. degree. In 1892, he received the LL. B. degree from the Uni versity of Georgia. He entered upon the prac tice of law at Seale in 1892, and has continu ously practiced at that place since. He was a member of the Alabama legislature, 1900-01. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: January 9, 1894, at Tuskegee, to Rosa Julia, daughter of Hon. James E. Cobb (q. v.). Residence: Seale. HENRY, JOHN HAZARD, physician, was born January 3, 1829, at Montgomery, and died June 19, 1906, in that city; son of Dr. Hugh William and Martha (Falconer) Henry, the former a native of Waterford, N. Y., commis sioned as surgeon in the U. S. Army, 1812, with headquarters at Sacketts Harbor, N. Y., settled at Blakeley, near Mobile, 1817, the next year went on an Indian pony to Mont gomery, where he permanently located, served as a colonel of volunteers in the Indian War of 1836, was a member of the committee of citizens who received Gen. Lafayette when he made his memorable tour ithrough the South in 1825, was for a long while, an alder man of Montgomery, conducted a drug store, practiced medicine, assisted in organizing "The True Blues," one of the oldest military companies in Alabama, of which he was an officer, died in Baltimore, Md., but his remains were brought back to Alabama and interred in Montgomery; grandson of Dr. Michael and Abigal (Hazard) Henry, who lived at South Port, Conn., the latter being a very beautiful woman in her prime and living to the great age of one hundred and two years, and of William and Ann (Singleton) .Falconer of Montgomery; great-grandson of John and Mary (Wakeman) Hazard, also, of South Port Patrick Henry, of Virginia, the patriot and orator, was a distinguished connection of this branch of the Henry family. Dr. Henry received his academic education in Montgomery and in the Clarkston institute of New York. He read medicine under Dr. J. Marion Sims, in Montgomery in 1847-48, and two years later graduated from the medical department of the University of New York City. In 1851, he took another degree from the College of homeopathy in Philadelphia, Pa., and entered upon the practice thereafter, being one of the first of that school of doc tors in Alabama. He helped to organize the Homeopathic medical association of the United States and was honorary president of that body at the time of his death, having practiced fifty-five years. He resided briefly in Lake Providence, La., Charleston, S. C, and Selma. His life's work was accomplished in Montgomery where he practiced medicine with his father and resided for many years. He was the mayor of Selma during the last years of the War of Secession, and used his influence with the Federal officers when that town fell into their hands, to mitigate the horrors of invasion. His lameness prevented him from entering the Confederate Army, but he was an ardent advocate of the principles represented by that cause. After the close of the war, he made an effort to induce the white men of Alabama to affiliate politically with the national party that would afford them greatest protection and advantage. This policy being unheeded, he called a meeting in Selma to organize the white Republican party, this being the first Republican conven tion in the South after the war. He was a Presbyterian; Mason; and Knight of Honor. Married: April 15, 1863, near Selma, to Mary, daughter of Archibald Pinkney and Mary Elizabeth (Toole) McCurdy, the former came to Alabama in 1819, settled in Dallas County on a plantation and died at the age of sixty, in 1860. The family came originally from Scotland, one branch settling in Mecklenburg County, N. C, and were Scotch-Irish Presby- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 797 terians. The McCurdys were prominent in the Revolutionary War. Children: 1. Hugh; 2. Elizabeth; 3. Martha Falconer, m. Ernest Wardnell Stay, a native of New Hampshire. Last residence: Montgomery. HENRY, JOHN KELLY, lawyer, was born March 23, 1814, on a farm in Hancock County, Ga., and died August 12, 1886, at Greenville, Butler County; son of John Henry and Mary Brown of Virginia, descendants of colonial an cestry, who removed from their native state to Georgia, thence to Alabama in 1819, going successively from Claiborne on the Alabama River and to Wilcox County. An old family tree, now lost by descendants, connected this branch with the "family of Patrick Henry, the Virginia orator and statesman, governor of Virginia, 1776-79. John Kelly Henry received the best education afforded by the pioneer conditions. At the age of twenty-nine he be gan privately to read law, and attained to an honorable place in that profession, in But ler County, having settled at Greenville. In 1857, he was nominated for the Alabama State senate but was defeated by Walter Crenshaw. He was elected to the circuit bench in 1859, and reelected in 1866. Two years later he was removed from office by act of congress, under the republican domination. He was a Demo crat; and a Presbyterian. Author: he fre quently contributed to the newspapers and made reports to the government of weather conditions, and wrote weather signs of the section. Married: March 22, 1836, in Green ville, to Jane Elvira, daughter of John Cal houn and Elizabeth (Black) Caldwell of that place, early settlers of the section, coming from South Carolina, and passed through the troubled period with the Indians. John Cal houn, the great nullifier, was a kinsman of the family, and came from the same county. Chil dren: 1. George LeRoy, a Confederate soldier and held in prison at Johnson's Island for six months, m. Ina Marie Porter; 2. John Walter; 3. Felix Eugene; 4. Mary Elvira; 5. Susan Ada; 6. Cecil Edgar, who died in his sixteenth year after the long march of the Confederate Army from Corinth. Last resi dence : Greenville. HENRY, PATRICK, merchant and planter, was born March 28, 1835, in Blount County, and died ; son of Hugh and Anna Henry (q. v.). He was reared on his father's farm; received a common school edu cation; and took a two years course at Cum berland university, Lebanon, Tenn. He entered his father's mercantile establishment at Henry- ville, in a clerical position, and at his father's death he was given an interest in the business with his younger brother, T. B. He enlisted in Company E, 49th Alabama infantry regiment as a private; in 1862 was commissioned com missary of subsistence, with the rank of cap tain; on the capture of his regiment at Port Hudson in 1863 he was sent to Johnson's Is land; in March, 1865, was taken to Fort Dela ware where he remained until the close of the war. Upon returning home he merchandised until 1876, when he retired; in 1884 he formed a partnership with his brother Albert G. Henry, and in 1887, he withdrew and went into busi ness with his sons. He held a large landed interest in the Indian territory. Married: (1) October, 1856, in Marshall County, to Sarah, daughter of Isham R. Steames of that county; (2) to Allie Alford, no issue; (3) May, 1871, Mrs. Laura A. (Gibbs) Todd. Children; by the first marriage: 1. Hugh B., 2. Patrick; 3. Thomas B.; 4. Myra; by the third wife; 5. Gibbs; 6. Albert G.; 7. Marie. Last residence: Guntersville. HENRY, ROBERT, member of the constitu tional convention, 1865, from Pickens County. HENRY, SAM, farmer and merchant, was born January 12, 1860, at Guntersville, Mar shall County; and died there October 14, 1906; son of Albert Gallatin and Mary Ann (Henry) Henry (q. v.). He was educated in the com mon schools of his native county, attended the Summitt high school, and for two years was a student at the University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., and for one year at the Uni versity of Alabama. He was a successful farm er and merchant. He was a Democrat; Metho dist; and a Mason. Married: December 23, 1879, at Guntersville, to Mattie, daughter of Rev. S. B. and Laura (Ligon) Hunter of that place. Children: 1. J. L., m. Ethel Neely; 2. Sam. m. Erin Fennell; 3. Allen Bryan, m. Jen nie Lee Grizzell; 4. Albert Gallatin. Last resi dence: Guntersvile. HENRY, SAMUEL, merchant, lieutenant-col onel, C. S. Army, was born July 17, 1825, in Sevier County, East Tenn.; son of Samuel and Margaret (Bryan) Henry, a native of Virginia who settled in Tennessee in the pioneer pe riod, a farmer, and soldier of the War of 1812, under Gen. Jackson; grandson of Col. Herbert of Tennessee, a distinguished soldier of the Indian Wars. Samuel Henry was brought up on the farm and finished his edu cation at West Point. He entered upon a mer cantile career at the age of twenty-three, at Gunter's Landing, and remained there until 1861, at which date he entered the Confederate Army having raised a company that joined the Ninth Alabama infantry regiment. He later joined the Eighth Alabama cavalry regiment, Clanton's brigade, and left the service at the close of the war with the rank of lieutenant- colonel. In the spring of 1866, he located at Gadsden, and conducted a mercantile business at that place. He was a Democrat; Mason; and Knight of Honor. Married: in 1856, to Charity E., daughter of Dr. James W. Fen nell. Last residence: Gadsden. HENRY, WAIGHTS GIBBS, Methodist preacher, was born January 13, 1879, at Palm, Pickens County; son of Robert Fillmore and Rebecca Catharine (Morris) Henry, the for mer a native of Palm and member of the leg islature, the latter a native of Pulaski, Tenn.; grandson of James and Emily Ann (Samp son) Henry of Columbus, Miss., and of James Madison and Eliza Catherine (Johnson) Mor ris of Pulaski; great-grandson of Robert and 798 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Margaret (Sellers) Henry, who came from Scotland and settled in Hanover County, N. C, and moved to Pickens County, in 1817. Rev. Mr. Henry attended' the common schools of Lowndes County, Miss, taught by J. W. Cooper and Pickens County, taught by Mrs. James Shirley and William McReynolds; graduated at Southern university, 1900, with degree of A. B. ; University of Alabama, 1912, with degree of A. M.; Vanderbilt university, 1902, with degree of B. D.; did graduate work at Chicago university, 1901, '11, and '13, and at Harvard university, 1912; toured Egypt, Pales tine, portions of Asia Minor, Turkey, Greece and Italy as member of student class of Chi cago university, studying missions, February to June, 1913. He was editor-in-chief South ern university monthly; joined north Ala bama Methodist conference in 1902; has served pastorates at Pratt City, and Tuscaloosa. He is a member of the Kappa Alpha college fra ternity. Married: June 18, 1903, at Trinity, to Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Absalom Leonidas and Ann (Fennel) Davis of that place; granddaughter of James Fennel, presi dent, Tuscumbia and Decatur railroad, after wards the Memphis and Charleston, now the Memphis division of the Southern railroad. Children: 1. Robert Fillmore; 2. Jefferson Davis; 3. Taylor Hill; 4. Waights Gibbs, jr. Residence: Trinity. HERBERT, EDWARD HAMPTON, planter, was born January 9, 1800, at Fairfield Village, Fairfield District, S. C, and died February 20, 1877 at Hayneville; son of Thomas Sharpe and Elizabeth (Hampton) Herbert, who lived at Fairfield District, S. C, and later moved to Alabama, near Manningham, Butler County, the former of whom was a native of Virginia, was sheriff of Fairfield District, S. C, and died at Manningham; grandson of Thomas Sharpe Herbert, son of the Earl of Cherburg, who came with his brothers, Hardy Hilary and George Herbert, to America from England with Lord Fairfax and settled in Virginia, and of Col. John Hampton of Virginia. He was educated in the schools of South Carolina, and on mov ing to Alabama became a planter in Butler County. He served as clerk of the circuit court of that county, 1822-1826; was a planter and merchant, at Hayneville Lowndes County 1836-1877; and was register in chancery at that nlace 1839-1865. He was a member of the State militia at Greenville during his residence in Butler County. He was a Democrat and an Episcopalian, serving as steward in the church. Married- in 1824, in Butler County to Martha, daughter of John and Sarah (Lewis) Womack, who lived at Manningham, Butler County, the former of whom moved from Virginia to Han- mck County, Ga., where he was married, and fater Sovedto Butler County. Children : 1 .John Hampton, d. at the age of twenty-five years, 2 Henrv Macon, unmarried, d. at tne age oi seventy-one years; 3. Mary Ellen, m Judge Philip Henry Cook, lived at Hayneville, d. at age of seventy years; 4. Edward Mitchell, d. at the age of twenty years; 5. George Womack, m. Nancy Gibson of Louisiana, lived at Hayneville, d at the age of seventy-one years; 6. Sarah Elizabeth, Montgomery; 7. Thomas Sharpe, m. Emma Alwilder Frazier of Montgomery, d. at age of sixty-two years, wife living in Montgom ery; 8. Lafayette, m. Laura Jones, of Rich mond, Tex., living at Rankin, Okla.; 9. Albert Nolan, d. at age of thirty years; 10. Benjamin Preston, m. Ella Sadler, d. at age of seventy years, wife living at Prattville; 11. Harriett Ann, m. Angus Gilchrist d. at age of forty; 12. Martha Caroline, d. in childhood. Last resi dence : Hayneville. HERBERT, HILARY ABNER, lawyer, colo nel C. S. Army, representative in congress, sec retary of the navy department and author, was born at Laurens, Laurens County, S. C, March 12, 1834, and died March 6, 1919, while on a visit to Tampa, Fla.; son of Thomas Edward and Dorothy Teague (Young) Herbert (q. v.). Col. Herbert received his early education in the town schools of Laurens, S. C, and at Green ville. He entered the University of Alabama in October, 1852, and the following year left the institution because of the "Doby Rebellion." In October, 1854, he entered the University of Virginia from which he graduated in Latin and moral philosophy the same session. Before completing the entire course of study he with drew on account of broken health. In the fall of 1856 he began reading law under the super vision of Judge J. K. Henry at Greenville, and at the end of five months, after examination by Chief Justice A. J. Walker and Judge George W Stone, was admitted to the bar by the su preme court. In March of 1857 he began the practice in Greenville, in partnership with Samuel Adams; in 1872 removed to Montgom ery and joined in the practice with Col. Virgil Murphey as Herbert and Murphey; in 1874 be came a member of the firm of Clopton, Herbert and Chambers; and after retiring from politi cal life practiced law in Washington, D. C. with his son-in-law, Benjamin Micou. His Confederate service began early. In an ticipation of secession, Gov. Andrew B. Moore ordered several companies of State troops to Mobile and Pensacola to occupy the forts at those points. Under these orders he served as a second lieutenant in the "Greenville Guards" at Pensacola in January and February, 1861. He became captain of this company when it en tered the Confederate service at Richmond, Va., in May, 1861, on the formation of the Eighth Alabama infantry regiment. On May 5, 1861, he was promoted major; June 1861, lieu tenant colonel; and on May 3, 1862, colonel of the regiment. The Eighth regiment was in the Army of Northern Virginia, and fought in all the battles from Yorktown to Fair Oaks. Here he was wounded and captured, but within two months was exchanged. He fought at Second Manassas, Fredericksburg, Salem Heights, An tietam, Gettysburg and the Wilderness. Here he was desperately wounded and carried from the field by his men. In 1864, in consequence of his wounds, he retired from the active mili tary service. One of the most notable contributions to. the welfare of his state and country was his ardu ous and effective work in reconstruction days when control of the South was regained and put into the hands of the intelligent class again. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 799 In 1877 he was elected to congress from the second district, of which Montgomery is the principal city; and was returned at each elec tion from that date to 1893. He served on the committees of the judiciary, ways and means and naval affairs, and on the sci entific bureau of the government and while on the judiciary committee he had the jury law of the country changed to that now in exist ence. His service on the naval committee was well known and culminated in his work as secretary of the navy. His seat in the 47th congress was contested by Paul Strobach. He engaged Col. Robert Ingersoll to address the committee on elections in his behalf. Col. Her bert replied for himself and the committee, al though with Republican majority, rejected the contest. He was chairman of the committee on naval affairs during the 49th, 50th, and 51st congresses. The rebuilding of the American navy began under his leadership, and it was his statesmanlike and non-partisan activities in this work that brought the American navy up to the fighting strength demonstrated dur ing the Spanish-American War. While chair man of the naval affairs committee he secured the passage of an appropriation of $20,000,000 in a twenty minute presentation of the facts. In 1893 President Cleveland invited Col. Her bert to become secretary of the navy and dur ing his administration in this position there were commissioned the Indiana, Massachu setts, Oregon, Maine, Texas, New York, Brook lyn, Amphitrite, Monadnock, Terror, Katahdin, Cincinnati, Raleigh, Columbia, Minneapolis, Olympia, Detroit, Marblehead, Montgomery, Castine, Machias and Puritan, all of which had been authorized by acts originating in the com mittee on naval affairs while he was on that committee. It will thus be seen that of the six vessels belonging regularly to the navy which fought at Manila, May 1, 1898, all except the Boston originated in the committee of which he was a member, and that all the ships that fought at Santiago, July 3, 1898, except the con verted yacht Gloucester, were authorized in the committee of ' which Col. Herbert was a mem ber, or afterwards commissioned by him as secretary of the navy. When holding this lat ter position he notified congress that the two American armor plate manufacturers were in a combination to extort unreasonable prices for armor. Congress required him to investigate, and after taking personal charge of the in quiry, including investigations in Europe he made a report showing that the armor plate manufacturers of the world were in a combine to hold up prices. He showed what a fair price should be, with the result that the next order for armor plate made by the govern ment was more than 75% below the price asked by the manufacturers prior to Secretary Herbert's investigations. He was joint author of "Why the Solid South, or Reconstruction by Eyewitnesses," author of "The Abolition Cru sade and Its Consequences," 1890; and of numerous magazine articles of a politi cal, historical, and sociological character. He was a Democrat, a Mason; and a member of the Protestant Episcopal church, having served as vestryman of St. Thomas church, Green ville, in the Church of the Epiphany, Washing ton. Married: in Selma, April 23, 1867, to Ella Bettie, daughter of Washington and Susan (Parker) Smith. Mrs. Herbert was a woman of beauty and intellect, and was noted for her accomplishments and charities. She was vice- regent for Alabama of the Ladies Mount Vernon association, and after her death the position was left vacant until her daughter, Leila, was of sufficient maturity to fill it. Chil dren: 1. Leila (q. v.) deceased; 2. Ella, m. Benjamin Micou (q. v.), now of Washington, D. C.; 3. Hilary Abner, jr., lieutenant U. S. marine corps, deceased, Washington. Last resi dence: Washington, D. C. HERBERT, LEILA, author, was born Feb ruary 12, 1868, at Greenville, Butler County, and died December 22, 1897, at Washington, D. C; daughter of Hilary Abner and Ella Bettie (Smith) Herbert (q. v.). She was grad uated at Hamner Hall, Miss Susie Everhardt, principal, at the age of fifteen, taking a num ber of honors, among them delivering the French valedictory. She graduated two years later at St. Agnes school, Albany, N. Y., delivering the German valedictory. Her generous nature and tender regard for those less fortunate in educational opportunities were evidenced in the free night school she conducted in the home of her parents in Montgomery. Having lost her mother at the beginning of her young womanhood she at once assumed the duties that devolved upon the head of the household, meeting the responsibilities of hostess in a home conspicuous for its hospitality, as well as giving maternal care to a younger sister and brother. At this time her father was a member of congress from Alabama, but later, when she was twenty-five years of age, he was invited into the cabinet of President Gro- ver Cleveland, as secretary of the navy. As one of the cabinet ladies, on account of her youth, beauty and singular charm, she be came a conspicuous favorite in an exacting society. In 1894 she was elected vice regent for Alabama of the Ladies Mount Vernon asso ciation, a position originally held by the famous Madame LeVert, succeeded by Mrs. Herbert, and at her death left vacant for nine years, awaiting the maturity and proven merit of the daughter to be appointed into that dis tinguished body. Amidst the distractions of society and patriotic duties she found time for much thoughtful reading, and made a per manent place for herself in the literature of her country, according to the estimate of so capable a critic as Henry Cabot Lodge, by her book "The First American, his homes and households," 1900. Owing to her official rela tion with the organization consecrated to the perpetual care of the home of Washington she was inspired to fit herself for this work, and had she lived would have completed other writings of an historical character which she had planned. She is buried in Oakwood ceme tery, Montgomery. Last residence: Washing ton, D. C. HERBERT, THOMAS EDWARD, pioneer teacher of Butler County; father of Hon. Hilary 800 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY A. Herbert (q. v.). Deceased. Residence: Greenville. HERBERT, THOMAS SHARPE, planter and public official, was born November 6, 1836, at Hayneville, Lowndes County, and died January 22, 1899, in Montgomery; son of Edward Hamp ton and Martha (Womack) Herbert, of Fair field District, S. C, who removed to Butler County, in 1818, and to Lowndes County, in 1836; grandson of Thomas Sharpe, jr., and Elizabeth (Hampton) Herbert, and of John and Sarah (Lewis) Womack, of Hancock County, Ga., who removed to Butler County, near Greenville, in 1817; great-grandson of Thomas Sharpe Herbert, of Virginia; son of the first Herbert to come from England, a younger son of the Earl of Pembroke, who came over with Lord Fairfax; great-grandson of John Hampton, of Virginia and South Carolina. He was educated in the schools of Hayneville; entered the West Point academy, but was hon orably discharged before finishing course owing to illness. He engaged in planting. In 1861, he organized the Hayneville Guards, for im mediate service to the seceded State; later was mustered into the regular, C. S. Army. In 1862 was made captain Co. K, 5th Alabama infantry regiment and served until the battle of Seven Pines, Va., where he lost a leg. He was sheriff of Lowndes County, 1867-71; sheriff of Montgomery County, 1882-86. He was a Democrat; a member of the National Union; and a Methodist. Married: in Montgomery County, to Emma Alwilda, daughter of William and Eliza (Cantelou) Frazier; granddaughter of Louis Cantelou (q. v.). Children: 1. Vir ginia Eliza; 2. William Frazier, m. Rosa Lyon Rembert of Demopolis; 3. Edward Henry, m. Lucile Herbert; 4. Thomas Benjamin, m. Emmie Herbert; 5. Emma Helena, m. William Frederick Weiss. Last residence: Hayneville. HERBERT, W. F., lawyer and planter; son of Thomas Sharpe and Emma Frazier Herbert (q. v.); clerk for a number of sessions of the State house of representatives, Alabama legisla ture. Married: Rosa Lyon. Children: 1. Helen; 2. Jule. Residence: Demopolis. HERNDON, DALLAS TABOR, teacher, was born August 28, 1876, at Elberton, Elbert County, Ga.; son of John Alpheus and Mary (Brown) Herndon; grandson of John Seals and Susan (Brown) Herndon of Hartwell, Hart County, Ga., the former a cotton planter, and of Francis Marion and Drucilla (Roberts) Brown of Hartwell; both grandparents Con federate soldiers; great-grandfather was a na tive of Virginia. He was educated in public schools and Southeast Alabama agricultural school, where he graduated, 1899; graduated at Alabama polytechnic institute, with degrees of B. S., 1902, and M. S., 1903; University of Chicago, 1908-11, graduate student in history and political science; instructor in history in Alabama polytechnic institute, 1905-08; elected secretary, Arkansas history commission, Sep tember 1, 1911. He is a Democrat; Presby terian; and a Mason. Author: "The Nash ville Convention," a paper published in vol. iv., Transactions of Alabama Historical So ciety, and the "Beginnings of the Solid South," doctor's thesis, not yet published. Unmarried. Residence: Little Rock, Ark. HERNDON, EDWARD, planter and mer chant, was born September 17, 1799, at Spotsyl vania, Va., and died February 2, 1872, at Liv ingston, Sumter County; son of Edward and Mary Elizabeth (Sharpe) Herndon, of Cole Hill and Spotsylvania, Va.; brother of Thomas Hord Herndon (q. v.). He was educated under private tutors, and came to Alabama when he was a youth. He became a planter and mer chant; owned lands at Erie, Greene County, 1818-1838; moved to Gainesville, Sumter Coun ty, 1839; was associated with Whitsett, Wins ton and others in the mercantile business until 1844 or 1845; devoted his entire attention to planting near Sumterville, 1845-1866; was elect ed treasurer of Sumter County, 1868; appointed U. S. census enumerator, 1870; and was register in chancery for Sumter County, 1869-1872. He was always called major, and was probably on the staff of one of the governors of Alabama. He is said to have been appointed and commis sioned to receive and entertain Gen. Lafayette when he visited the United States. He was a Whig until 1860, was a Union man, 1860-1865, and a Republican, 1865-1872. He was a member of the Church of England until 1824, then be came a Presbyterian. He was a Mason, serv ing as grand master of the grand lodge, 1839- 1841, grand treasurer of the grand lodge, 1844- 1846, deputy grand high priest of the grand chapter, 1840-1842, and grand treasurer of the grand chapter, 1845. Married: to Malvina Ann, daughter of Robert and Elizabeth (Chew) Cammack, who lived at Cole Hill, Va. Her ancestors were Scotch, the Chew family having a crest and coat of arms. Children: 1. Robert Edward, b. January 25, 1829, d. November, 1859, unmarried, was a merchant at Hall's Bluff, Tex.; 2. Thomas C, d. 1906, m. Jane Krumbhaar, Pass Christian, Miss.; 3. Christiana C, d. 1878, m. Anthony Winston Dillard, de ceased; 4. Emma J., d. 1908, m. Thomas Rufus Underwood, deceased; 5. Addison C. d. 1897, m. Mary Prades, deceased; 6. Lucy Bird, d. 1840; 7. Samuel C, d. 1840. Last residence: Livingston. HERNDON, HARRY TOULMIN, planter, was born in 1826, at Erie, Greene County, and died at Forkland, Greene County; son of Thomas Hord and Emma Sarah (Toulmin) Herndon (q. v).), nephew of Edward Herndon (q. v.); brother of Thomas Hord Herndon (q. v.). He was educated at the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa, and became a planter at Forkland. He was a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: at Eutaw, to Sarah Johnson, daughter of Dr. Richard and Rebecca (Brownlow) Inge, who lived at Forkland, sister of William B. Inge, of Frank J. Inge, of Richmond F. Inge, and of Rebecca Inge. Children: 1. Elinor Douglas, d. in infancy; 2. Elizabeth Webb, m. Charles Haley; 3. Thomas Inge, deceased; 4. Harry Toulmin, deceased; 5. Sarah Johnson, de ceased, m. William Sincow. Last residence: Forkland. LANDERS SEVIER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 803 HERNDON, THOMAS HORD, planter and merchant, was born in 1793, at Spotsylvania, Va., and died May 22, 1842, at Erie, Hale Coun ty; son of Edward and Mary Elizabeth (Sharpe) Herndon, who lived at Cole Hill, Va., the former a native of Spotsylvania, Va., born November 19, 1762, who fought in the Revolutionary War under Washington's command and was promoted for his bravery, and died May 19, 1808, the latter whose mother's maiden name was Hord, was born April 11, 1762, and died December 1, 1832; grandson of Edward and Mary (Colston) Hern don, who lived at Cole Hill, and Spotsylvania, Va., the former of whom was born in 1730 and died in 1799; great-grandson of Edward and Mary (Brock) Herndon, who were married about 1728 or 1729, the former, bora about 1700, died in 1759, and of Charles and Rebecca (Travis) Coleston, whose family was said to be socially and politically prominent during the colonial and revolutionary periods in Virginia; great-great-grandson of Edward and Mary (Waller) Herndon, who were married in 1698, the former of whom was born in 1678 and died about 1740; great-great-great-grandson of Wil liam and Catherine (Diggs) Herndon, the for mer who lived in St. Stephens Parish, New Kent County, Va., and received a grant of land from the crown, February, 1674, the latter the. young est daughter of Edward Diggs, governor of Vir ginia, 1655. The original Herndon came from England, and the religious faith of the family was that of the Church of England. Mr. Hern don was a brother of Maj. Edward Herndon (q. v.). He came to Washington on the Black Warrior at the age of sixteen, and formed the friendship of Gales and Seaton of the old "National Intelligencer." Later he moved to Erie, Greene County, where he was a successful merchant and large land and slave owner. Married: (1) to Elizabeth Brook, who died soon after; (2) at St. Ste phens, to Emma Sarah Toulmin, who after Mr. Herndon's death married Mr. Copp, daughter of Judge Henry and Ann (Tremlette) Toulmin, the former of whom was born in 1766, in Tannton, England, who came to America in 1791, settling first in Kentucky, where he was the first territorial judge and one of the first settlers of Washington County, was president of Transylvania University at Lexington, Ky., for four years, was elected secretary of state and while holding that office signed and promul gated, as his official duty, the celebrated states rights resolutions of 1798, compiled a code of laws of Kentucky, was appointed judge of that part of Mississippi territory lying on the Tom bigbee by President Jefferson, held the judge ship until 1817, compiled the first digest of the laws of Alabama, published in 1823, and died December, 1824, at Wakefield. Children, by first marriage; 1. a son, d. in infancy; by second marriage, 2. Thomas Hord (q. v.) ; 3. Harry Toulmin (q. v.); 4 Edward, b. August 15, 1832, commission merchant at Mobile, priv ate in the C. S.. Army, killed at the battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864, m. January 7, 1856, at Eutaw to Virginia Bell; 5. Elizabeth, deceased, m. W. B. Inge; 6. Helen, deceased, m. Robert H. Smith; 7. Fannie, m. Frank E. Stollenwerck, Mobile; 8. Virginia, m. John L. Smith, Mobile. Last residence: Erie, Hale County. HERNDON, THOMAS HORD, lawyer, repre sentative in congress, was born July 1, 1828, at Erie, Greene County, and died March 28, 1883, at Mobile; son of Thomas Hord and Emma Sarah (Toulmin) Herndon (q. v.) ; nephew of Edward Herndon (q. v.) ; and broth er of Harry Toulmin Herndon (q. v.). He obtained his early schooling at La Grange, one of his instructors being Judge Sam Houston. He was graduated from the University of Ala bama, A. B., 1847, A. M., 1850, and from Har vard university, LL. B„ 1848. He read law with Hon. J. W. Taylor of Greene County, was admitted to the bar in 1849, and began practise in Eutaw. He had charge of the editorial columns of the "Eutaw Democrat," 1850; was a candidate for the State legislature in 1851, but was defeated; and moved to Mobile in 1853 and became the law partner of Daniel Chandler and R. H. Smith under the firm name, Chan dler, Smith & Herndon. He was elected to the State legislature from Mobile County in 1857; moved to Greene County in 1859, and repre sented that county in the constitutional conven tion of 1861. At the beginning of the War of Secession, he aided in recruiting the Thirty- sixth Alabama infantry regiment, was elected major of that regiment, promoted to lieutenant- colonel, and later to colonel, and served throughout the war. He was seriously wounded twice, at Chickamauga and around Atlanta, and at the close of the war volunteered to com mand the troops at the evacuation of Spanish Fort, performing that duty in such a manner that he is credited with saving the lives of hundreds of his comrades. He resumed the practice of law at Mobile; was the Democratic nominee for governor of Alabama in 1872; was a member of the constitutional convention of Alabama, 1875; was elected to the State legislature, 1876-1877; was elected to the Forty- sixth, Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth con gresses, serving in that body from 1878 until his death in 1883. He was president of the Democratic party of Mobile, was a Presby terian, and a Mason. He was author of a series of letters under the signature of "John Taylor of Carolina," published in the Montgomery "Advertiser and Gazette." Married: in 1848, at Eutaw, to Mary Edmonia, daughter of Dr. Abraham Franklin and Caroline (Chap man) Alexander, the former a North Caro linian, a physician, whose ancestors lived in Mecklenburg County, N. C; great-grand daughter of Abraham Alexander, one of the signers of the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence, 1775. Children: 1. Leila Helen, m. C. B. Percy; 2. Mary Eleanor, m. (1) Richard Phillip Deshon, (2) Philip Lewis Lightfoot, Eutaw; 3. Emma Elizabeth, m. Ed ward Vassar Hunter; 4. Caroline, m. Dr. Rich ard Inge; 5. Thomas H.; 6. Francis Toulmin. Last residence: Mobile. HERRON, SARAH (PARKER), patriotic woman, was the daughter of Robert and Cath erine (Thorington) Parker. She was one of the most faithful workers at the Ladies' hos- 804 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY pital during the War of Secession. Married: John Herron, of Montgomery. HERVEY, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Clarke County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on October 7, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $35; sums received to date of publication of list, $105. — Revolutionary Pen sion Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HERZBERG, HERMAN, merchant, was born September, 1837, in Westphalia, Prussia; son of Isaac and Helene (Aronstein) Herzberg. He was educated in his native country and was graduated at Minden, Prussia; served a year as a volunteer in the Prussian Army; received his commercial training at Dortmund, West phalia, and at Cologne, Rhenish Prussia; came to America in 1857; resided in New York until 1859 when he moved to Gadsden; entered the C. S. Army in the spring of 1861, as a private soldier in Co. I, Tenth Alabama infantry regi ment; remained in the service until after the battle of Fredericksburg;- and at Drainesville, Va., received a severe gunshot wound which ultimately necessitated his discharge from the army. After returning to Alabama, he was assigned to duty as collector of tax-in-kind for the Third congressional district, with Capt. Thomas Hayden. After the war, he engaged in a mercantile business in Gadsden. He is a large stockholder in the Gadsden Furnace Com pany, is president of the Gadsden Mineral Land Company, and of the Queen City Electric Light Company, is a director in the Gadsden Land & Improvement Company, in the Gadsden Ice Company and in the First National Bank of Gadsden. He was one of the commissioners to call an election to incorporate the town of Gads den, and afterward held the office of alderman. He is a Mason. Married: March, 1863, to Mary I. Liddell, who died October, 1884, daughter of W. C. Liddell. Children : 1. William Isaacs, b. March 5, 1864, d. February 7, 1900, was grad uated from the University of Alabama, A. B., and was a merchant of Gadsden, m. at Gadsden, to Annie Denson; 2. Albert; 3. Louis Leonidas, b. August 5, 1868, at Gadsden, was graduated from the University of Alabama, B. C. E., 1888, member of the firm of Herzberg Brothers, mer chants, lieutenant-colonel of the Third Alabama regiment, 1895-1898, mayor of Gadsden, 1897- 1899, m. October 27, 1896, at Tuscaloosa, to Emma Friedman, daughter of Bernard and Adele (Black) Friedman, of Tuscaloosa, chil dren, Bernard Friedman and Adele Linker; 4. Herman; 5. Eva B. Residence: Gadsden. HESTER, JAMES T., major, 23rd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. HESTER, WILLIAM, physician, was born June 9, 1841, at Tuscaloosa, and died February 11, 1899, at Tuscaloosa; son of Chapman Am brose and Martha Henly (Hammer) Hester, who lived at Tuscaloosa, the former of whom was a native of Georgia; grandson of William Henly and Elizabeth Hammer, who lived in Georgia, then moved to Alabama, where they lived first at Elyton and later at Tuscaloosa. He received his early schooling at Tuscaloosa, attended the University of Alabama, was grad uated from Howard college at Marion, A. B., 1861, and from the College of physicians and surgeons at New York, M. D., 1868. He served as first lieutenant of Capt. Ed. Vaughan's com pany, Twenty-sixth Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, during four years of the War of Secession, and participated in the battles of Farmington, near Corinth, Miss., Munfordville, Ky., Perryville, Ky., Murfreesboro, Tenn., Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Resaca, New Hope Church, Kennesaw Mountain, Atlanta, Ga., Franklin, Nashville, Tenn., and Spanish Fort, near Mobile. He practiced medicine at Tusca loosa, and studied in New York every few years. He was surgeon at the University of Alabama, 1891-1894, and 1897-1898. He was a deacon in the First Baptist church at Tuscaloosa and was a Mason. Married: April 7, 1868, at Tus caloosa, to Sallie Olivia Hays, daughter of Wil liam Henry and Elizabeth Ann (Jenkins) Hays, who lived at Florence, the former of whom was born November 25, 1819, in Maryland, while the latter was born November 14, 1825, in Flor ence. Children: 1. Bettie Hays, m. Hugh Prince, Tuscaloosa; 2. Mattie Chapman, m. James T. Searcy, jr., Columbus, Miss.; 3. Jen nie Hamphill, m. Judge Henry Bacon Foster (q. v.), Tuscaloosa; 4. William James, m. Bas- sie McLemore, Bolligee; 5. Sadie Olivia, de ceased, m. Thomas N. Christian, Northport; 6. Eddimae Vaughan, m. Hugh N. Roberts, Bir mingham; 7. Lucile, m. Claude Neilson, Tus caloosa. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. HEUSTIS, JABEZ WIGGINS, physician, was born in 1784, in the province of New Bruns wick, and died in 1841, at Talladega Springs. He attended the College of physicians and surgeons of New York City, and was graduated there, M. D. He entered the U. S. Navy in 1808, and spent some years in that service, after which he left the navy and entered the U. S. Army with the rank of surgeon. He saw serv ice under Gen. Andrew Jackson in the cam paign of the South, left the army, and began the private practice of his profession at Catawba. In 1835, he moved to Mobile where he became noted as a physician and surgeon. He was author of "Physical Observations and Medical Tracts and Researches on the Topography and Diseases of Louisiana"; "Medical Facts and Inquiries Respecting the Causes, Nature, Pre vention and Cure of Fever"; "The Bilious Remittent Fever of Alabama" ; of various other books and pamphlets on medical and kindred topics; and wrote many articles for the "Ameri can Journal of Medical Science" and other professional periodicals. He died of blood- poisoning contracted in the performance of a surgical operation. Married. Children: 1. James Fountain (q. v.). I HEUSTIS, JAMES FOUNTAIN, physician, was born November 15, 1829, in Alabama; son of Dr. Jabez Wiggins Heustis (q. v.). He re ceived his early education in the common schools of Mobile, then entered the medical de partment of the University of Louisiana, from which institution he was graduated, M. D., DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 805 1848. He was appointed assistant surgeon, U. S. Army, 1850, and continued to discharge the duties of that office until 1857, when he retired from the army, and entered upon the private practice of his profession in Mobile. He was elected professor of anatomy in the Alabama medical college, 1859, and held that position until the outbreak of the War of Secession, when he entered the C. S. Army as surgeon. He served in that capacity throughout the en tire period of the war. After peace was estab lished, Dr. Heustis returned to the Alabama medical college as professor of surgery. He was a frequent contributor to medical journals. Last residence: Mobile. < HEWITT, FRANCIS ASBURY, public official', was born February 1, 1862, near Birmingham, Jefferson County; son of Francis Asbury and Lucinda (Brake) Hewitt, who lived in Jeffer son County until the close of the War of Seces sion, then moved to a farm on Mulberry River near Arkadelphia, now Cullman County, and after a residence of nearly forty years at that place, moved to Warrior, Jefferson County, the former of whom was born at Hewitt Farm, on the Tennessee Road, eight miles north of Birm ingham; grandson of James Hignight and Eleanor (Tarrant) Hewitt, who lived at Hewitt Farm, and of Bennett and Millie (Spear) Brake, who lived at Bivens Chapel, Jefferson County, and later on a farm near Morris; great-grandson of Goldsmith White- house and Nancy (Kirkman) Hewitt, the former a Revolutionary soldier, who came from Eng land and landed in Virginia at the age of six teen, during the siege of Yorktown, and was immediately engaged in hauling provisions to Washington's army, who was married after the war, moved from Virginia to North Carolina, then to Kentucky, to Tennessee, and finally in 1819 or 1820, to Alabama, settling in Jones Valley, Jefferson County, of James Tarrant, a captain in the Revolution, who lived to be near ly one hundred years, and is buried in the family cemetery near Rutledge Springs, Jeffer son County, and of William Spear, a Revolu tionary soldier, who resided near and Is buried at Bivens Chapel, near Brookside, Jefferson County. Mr. Hewitt is a nephew of Goldsmith W. Hewitt (q. v.) and of Robert Greene Hewitt (q. v.). He was educated in the country schools of the vicinity and at Trussville, under Prof. R. G. Hewitt. He started teaching a country school at the age of nineteen, and spent the next seven years in clerking, teaching and mer chandising. He was appointed clerk for the tax collector, 1888-1895; was department tax assessor under J. F. McLaughlin, 1895-1904; and tax assessor for Jefferson County, 1904-1912. He is a Mason. Married: November 28, 1894, in Birmingham, to Nettie Martin, daughter of Charles James and Nannie (Smith) Martin, of Birmingham, niece of Capt. John M. Martin of Tuscaloosa, who later resided at Birmingham and was elected to congress; granddaughter of Joshua Martin, governor of Alabama and broth er of Judge Peter Martin of Tuscaloosa. Chil dren: 1. Robert Goldsmith, Birmingham; 2. Charles Mason, Birmingham; 3. Mary, Birm ingham; 4. Ruth Frances, Birmingham. Resi dence: Birmingham. HEWITT, GOLDSMITH WHITEHOUSE, lawyer, representative in congress, was born February 14, 1834, in Jefferson County, and died May 27, 1895, in Jefferson County; son of James Hignight and Eleanor (Tarrant) Hewitt, early setlers of Jefferson County, who lived on a farm ten miles north of Elyton, the former a native of Tennessee, who came to Alabama be fore the admission of the state into the Union and while Jefferson was a part of Blount Coun ty, and died in 1858, his wife preceding him by four years; grandson of Goldsmith White- house and Nancy Jane (Kirkman), who moved from Virginia to Tennessee, and from that place to Alabama in 1826, settling in Jefferson County, near Elyton, the former an English man, born about 1766, who came to America when he was sixteen years old and joined the American army then besieging Yorktown, and died in Jefferson County, August 10, 1846, the latter a native of Virginia, was born about 1769 and died November 2, 1838, and of James and Kissiah (Terry) Tarrant, who lived near Jones boro, the former, born probably in Virginia, about 1743, was a captain of South Carolina state troops in the Revolutionary War and died about 1838; great-grandson of Leonard Tarrant, a native of Scotland who emigrated to America early in the eighteenth century, and settled at Jamestown where he married a woman of English and Welch parentage, then moved to Amhurst County, Va., and finally to South Carolina, where he died. Mr. Hewitt is an uncle of Francis Asbury Hewitt (q. v.)., and a brother of Robert Greene Hewitt (q. v.). He received his early schooling in Jefferson County, and began to study law under Judge W. S. Mudd at Elyton, finishing his law training in the Lebanon Law School, Tennessee. He was admitted to the bar in 1856, became a member of the law firm of Ernest and Earle, and later formed a partnership with John C. Morrow. At the beginning of the War of Secession, he en listed as a private in Co. B, Tenth Alabama infantry; was promoted to captain of Co. G., Twenty-eighth Alabama infantry regiment, August, 1862, and served with that command until on the second day of the battle of Chick amauga, when he was wounded and disabled for further service. After the war, Mr. Hewitt resumed the practice of law. In 1870, he was elected to the lower house of the State legis lature, and two years later was sent to the State senate. While serving in the latter body, he was elected to congress. He was a mem ber of the Forty-fourth congress, and was re turned to the Forty-fifth, Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth congresses. His first act was the introduction of "a bill to secure an impartial administration of justice in the state of Ala bama," in which he advocated the removal of political machinery from influence in the courts. Other measures introduced by him included a bill designed to put a stop to partisan assess ment of officials in the departments of the Federal civil service, a bill to pension survivors of the Mexican and Indian Wars, and a bill to repeal the act forbidding pensions to all, save those who had taken the Union side in the War of Secession. With the adjournment of the Forty-eighth congress, Mr. Hewitt voluntarily returned to private life and resumed the prac- 806 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY tice of law in Birmingham as a member of the firm of Hewitt, Walker & Porter. He served in the Alabama legislature during the session of 1886. He was a Democrat and a Protestant Episcopalian. Married: (1) December, 1858, to Sarah J. Morrow, who died in 1863, daughter of Hugh Morrow, a pioneer settler of Jefferson County, and clerk of the circuit court of that county for thirty years; (2) in 1868, to Mrs. H. E. Perkins, daughter of Dr. Samuel Earle, one of the first settlers of Jefferson County. By first marriage, Mr. Hewitt had one child, and by his second marriage, two children. Last residence : Birmingham. HEWITT, ROBERT GREENE, teacher, was born May 25, 1846, near Elyton, Jefferson Coun ty; brother of Goldsmith Whitehouse Hewitt (q. v.). He received his early education at Smith's Chapel, at Massey school house, at Ruhamah academy. He left school when he was sixteen years old and enlisted in the C. S. Army, joining Co. B, Tenth Alabama infantry, March 10, 1862. He served until the final sur render at Appomattox Court House, participat ing in the battles of second Manassas, Sharps burg, Fredericksburg, the Wilderness, and Petersburg, and was wounded at the battle of the Wilderness. After the war, he farmed for a short time, then for four years taught school. At the end of that time, he attended the Uni versity of Alabama for a year but did not graduate. The degree of master of arts was, however, conferred upon him by the university in 1881. He taught at Rockwell, Tex., 1873- 1875, then returned to Alabama and taught at Trussville academy until 1884, when he became a teacher at Guntersville for three years. He was elected tax collector for Jefferson County in 1888, and was re-elected to that office in 1892, serving in all eight years. He was elected a delegate to the State constitutional convention during the administration of Joseph F. John ston, but because of the repealing of the act calling the convention, was not required to serve. Upon the recommendation of the county convention, Mr. Hewitt was appointed county superintendent of education, but declined to accept the appointment. Later he served as president of the board of education of Jeffer son County. He is a Democrat; a Methodist, serving as Sunday school superintendent, steward and trustee; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: June 13, 1878, at Trussville, to Fannie Jane Hickman, daughter of William Peyton and Elvira Sims (Hamilton) Hick man, (q. v.), who lived at that place; grand daughter of Jesse and Clara (Pullen) Hickman, and of Audley and Mary Jane (Wilson) Hamil ton, the former who was born July 9, 1780, and died March 13, 1838, the latter who was born April 9, 1795, and died November, 1824, great- granddaughter of William and Mary (Haynes) Pullen, natives of Virginia, the former a Revo lutionary soldier, and a personal friend of George Washington, who made him social visits while he was president of the United States, who moved from Virginia to Pendleton District, S. C, and from there to Jefferson County, 1818, settling near Elyton, who died April 4, 1845, at the age of eighty-seven years, and is buried near the old Georgia Road between old Birm ingham and Avondale. Children: 1. Mary Sims, d. at the age of two years; 2. Clara, d. at the age of four months; 3. a boy, d. at birth; 4. a boy, d. at birth; 5. Fannie Roberta, m. Walter D. McCartey, Birmingham; 6. Jennie Livingston, Birmingham; 7. Annie Belle, Birmingham; 8. Eleanor, Birmingham. Resi dence: Birmingham. HEWLETT, WILLIAM A., lieutenant colonel, 56th Alabama Partisan Rangers; major, 13th Alabama Partisan Rangers, C. S. Army. HICKMAN, CUNNINGHAM WILSON, law yer and judge, *was born at Trussville, Jeffer son County; son of William Peyton and Elvira Sims (Hamilton) Hickman, of the same county. He was educated in the common schools of Jefferson County; at the University of Ala bama, 1883-4, graduated LL. B., 1886; and since that time has practiced his profession in Bir mingham; elected to the legislature of 1903, as a Democrat; in 1915, became judge of the court of common pleas of Birmingham. Mar ried: Flora, daughter of the late David and Flora (Herbert) Buel, the latter a sister of Col. Hilary A. Herbert (q. v.) ; great-great- granddaughter of William Pullen (q. v.). Residence: Birmingham. HICKMAN, WILLIAM PAYTON, retired busi ness man, was born in 1828, within three miles of Birmingham; son of Jesse and Clara (Pul len) Hickman, who lived in Jefferson County, the former a native of Kentucky, who came to Alabama in 1820, was married there and be came a farmer and live-stock breeder, and died in Texas in 1838, the latter who after her first husband's death, was married to Rev. Joseph Byers, a native of South Carolina, who died in 1874; grandson of William and Mary (Haynes) Pullen, who lived in Virginia, moved to South Carolina, and came to Ala bama in 1819, settling in Jefferson County, the former a soldier in the Revolution and in the War of 1812, a personal friend of George Washington, who engaged in farming until his death April 4, 1845, and was buried with mili tary honors. He was reared and educated in Jefferson County, and spent the first ten years of his active life in farming. He clerked for W. C. Eubank, a merchant of Elyton, for two years; and for Robertson & DeJarnette, at Montevallo, for four years. In 1855, he re turned to Elyton, and was associated with W. C. Eubank under the firm name of Hickman & Eubank in a general merchandising business. He remained in that business for ten years, and during the War of Secession issued supplies to all portions of the county. After the war he moved fourteen miles north of Birmingham and farmed for two years; moved to Trussville in 1868, and farmed there for eight years; was elected treasurer of the county in 1877-1880; was returned to that office, 1880-1884, and 1884- 1888. He had also previously served two terms in that office, 1862-1868. He was elected county commissioner for four years in 1888. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a Mason; and a mem ber of the Farmers' Alliance'. Married: in 1855, to Elvira Simms Hamilton Oden, widow of E. S. Oden, and daughter of Audley DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 807 and Mary Jane (Wilson) Hamilton. Children: 1. Fannie Jane, b. December 25, 1855, m. Robert Greene Hewitt (q. v.); 2. Cunningham Wilson; 3. Clara Ellen; 4. Jennie Pinkey Sears; 5. William; 6. Jessie. Last residence: Jefferson County. HICKS, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of St. Clair County; private, particular service not shown; enrolled on April 15, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832; annual allowance, $26.66; transferred from Georgia. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. HICKS, JOHN C, grand master, grand lodge, 1836-37-38; grand high priest, grand chapter, 1837-38-39.. HICKS, LAMARTINE ORLANDO, physician; graduate of the medical department of the Uni versity of Alabama, Mobile, 1871; licensed to practice by the board of Clarke County. Resi dence: Jackson. HICKS, WILLIAM, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 77, and a resident of Greene County; private Virginia Continental Line; enrolled on January 15, 1830, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from January 4, 1830; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $16; dropped under act May 1, 1820.— Revolu tionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HIDECKER, JOHN A., soldier of t\e Ameri can Revolution, aged 86, and a resident of Autauga County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on January 17, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $40.— Revolutionary Pension Roll, in part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Pike County, June 1, 1840, with Sarah Reeks, aged 93. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 49. HIGDON, ELIJAH LEE, business man, was born September 25, 1861, near Benton, Polk County, Tenn., son of Thomas Asbury and Molie A. (Leuderman) Higdon, the former a native of Polk County, Tenn., who became a Baptist minister when he was eighteen years of age and had charge of various churches in Georgia, Tennessee and Alabama, did a great deal of evangelistic work and baptised over three thousand people; grandson of Thomas A. and Rebeca (Cate) Higdon, who lived in Jefferson County, Tenn., and of Samuel and Luisa Leud erman, who lived near Murphy, N. C. His great-grandparents came from England and set tled in North Carolina. He was educated in the common schools at Ducktown, Tenn., Mur phy, N. C, and Ellijay and Dalton, Ga. When he was fourteen years of age, he became a clerk in a produce firm in Atlanta, Ga. After several years he was made a partner with his employer, in the firm of W. J. Hudson & Com pany, 1882-1884. From that time until 1907, he was engaged in the wholesale fruit business in Birmingham, spending most of that time in association with J. H. McCary. He served as alderman in Birmingham, 1889-1890; and was elected sheriff of Jefferson County in 1906. He served in the Gate City Guard, Atlanta, Ga., as a private and non-commissioned officer; joined the Alabama state troops as private in Co. K, Second regiment, at Birmingham, 1887; was elected major of the Birmingham battalion, 1894; was elected colonel of the Third regi ment, Alabama national guards, 1897; organized and commanded the First regiment, Alabama national guard in the Spanish-American War, May 1, 1897-October 30, 1898. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; an Elk; Odd Fellow; Beaver; and Eagle. Married: September 19, 1882, at Rome, Ga., to Alice S. Coleman, daughter of Frank and Sarah (Thompson) Coleman, who lived at Woodbury, Tenn. The Coleman family is of Scotch Irish descent, and settled in Virginia; the Thompsons came from England and set tled in South Carolina. Children: 1. Elijah Lee, jr., m. Elizabeth Manzee Darnall, Birm ingham; 2. Percy Wallis, Birmingham. Resi dence: Birmingham. HIGGINS, CHARLES JEFFERIES, business man and legislator, was born December 20, 1859, at Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England; son of Charles Brailsford and Sarah (Jefferies) Higgins, of England, the former dying when his son was three years of age; grandson of Jonas Jefferies, of Wood Mills, Shropshire, Eng land. He was educated in the public schools and a private academy in England, and also took a commercial course. He came to Cull man in the fall of 1881, where he entered busi ness and declared his intention of becoming an American citizen. He represented Cullman County in the legislature of 1888-89; and was State senator from the third district in 1915. He is a Republican; Episcopalian; and an Odd Fellow. Married: February 11, 1886, near Lo gan, Cullman County, to Dovie Lavina, daughter of Jonathan and Martha (Powell) Walker, of that place. Residence: Cullman. HIGGINS, ROBERT W., editor and public official, was born in Alabama and died about 1862. He was reared in Jackson County, and attended the U. S. military academy at West Point for some time. He studied law, was admitted to the bar and lived in DeKalb Coun ty for a few years. In 1854 or 1855, he moved to Talladega County, and became connected with the editorial department of the "Watch- tower." He was elected to the State legisla ture from DeKalb County in 1857, and to the senate from DeKalb and Marshall Counties, 1859. At one time he was an unsuccessful candidate for secretary of state. At the begin ning of the War of Secession in 1861, Gen. Higgins entered the C. S. Army, and was promoted until he reached the rank of major. Before the second year of the war was over, he sickened and died. Previous to the war he had been elected a brigadier general. He was never married. Last residence: DeKalb County. HIGHTOWER, JOHN, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution. "Mr. John Hightower recently died in Marengo County, Alabama, at the age of 126 years. He received a wound in the bat tle of Braddock's defeat 99 years ago, and was 808 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY a soldier in the Revolution. His age can be established by an authentic family record." — Southern Advocate, Huntsville, Ala., Nov. 29, 1844. • HILDRETH, CHRISTOPHER JAMES, edi tor, was born March 28, 1838, at Wolverhamp ton, Stafford, England; son of James and Mar garet (Railton) Hildreth, the former a native of Barnard Castle, Durham, England, who was apprenticed as a printer and when of age, established the business, Hildreth and Chambers, which is still runnning in Wolver hampton; grandson of Hugh Railton of Stain- drop, Yorkshire. Christopher James Hildreth was educated at Mr. Tyrer's school in Wolver hampton and early entered his father's print ing business. At the age of sixteen, he emi grated to Toronto, Canada, to join an elder brother who was also a printer. He moved west after entering the United States and became the editor of the "Santa Fe Democrat" in 1875, and edited the "Rio Grande Republic" in Los Cruces, N. M., the following year. In 1885, he edited the "Oceanside Star," Cali fornia. Upon removing to Alabama in 1889, he became editor of the "New Decatur Adver tiser" and when that town changed its name to Albany, the paper conformably changed its name to the "Albany Advertiser." He was elected president of the Alabama press asso ciation in 1914 and served one year. While residing in Socorro, N. M., in 1885, he was sergeant major in a volunteer military com pany. He is an Episcopalian; a Democrat; a Mason; and an Odd Fellow. Married: in 1866, in St. Louis, Mo., to Ellen Stephens, daugh ter of John and Mary Trotter of that city. She belonged to that branch of the Stephens fam ily of which Alexander Stephens was a mem ber, was the first graduate kindergarten teach er in St. Louis and wrote a text book in clay modeling for children. Children: 1. Harold Edward, m. Nell Harris; 2. Ella Theolian, m. Graham Gamble, Des Moines, Iowa. Residence: Albany. HILDRETH, REUBEN, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution. "Died — At his residence in this county, on Saturday 11th inst, Mr. Reuben Hildreth, in the 96th year of his age. Mr. Hildreth was a Revolutionary veteran and served his country well in war and peace. He reared a large family, and lived to see his chil dren all happily settled in life." — Marengo Ledger, reprinted in Alabama Beacon, Greens boro, Ala., Oct. 25, 1845. HILDRITH, PAUL, deputy grand master, grand lodge, Masons, 1834. HILL, ALONZO, educator, was born April 7, 1846, at Tuscaloosa, and died January 20, 1894; son of Thomas J. and Martha (Foster) Hill, both of whom were children of pioneers of Alabama of South Carolina origin, and lived in Tuscaloosa County, grandson of Hardy and Elizabeth (Hill) Foster, who lived at Foster's Settlement, Tuscaloosa County. He attended the Manly academy, and when he was sixteen years of age, left school to enter the C. S. Army, 1862. He became a private in Co. D, Second Alabama cavalry, under Col. J. J. Peagues, and served until the end of the war. He resumed his studies and prepared for college in the Green Springs School under Dr. Henry Tut wiler. He was graduated from the University of Virginia in mathematics and Latin, and sub sequently received from the University of Ala bama the degree of A. M. After his graduation, he remained in Virginia three years, teaching mathematics at Bellevue High School, near Lynchburg. He returned to Alabama, and for a year was an instructor in the Green Springs School. He taught at Calhoun institute, Macon, Miss., and in 1876 took charge of the Tusca loosa female college, to which institution he devoted the remainder of his life. Under his presidency, the college took a place among the foremost female colleges of the South. He was a trustee of the Alabama-Bryce hospital for the insane; was chairman of the Democratic executive committee at Tuscaloosa County; and a director of the Merchants Bank at Tusca loosa. At the time of his death, Mr. Hill was associated with Gen. Stephen D. Lee and other noted Confederate veterans in the examination of histories of the United States for the recom mendation to the Confederate Veteran Associa tion. He took an active part in organizing R E. Rodes camp, United Confederate Veterans, and served as its lieutenant commander. A short time before his death, he was appointed to the staff of the major-general commanding the Alabama division of that order. He was an Episcopalian. Married: September 17, 1872, in Charlottesville, Va., to Sallie B. Robertson, daughter of Judge William J. and Hannah (Gordon) Robertson, who lived at Charlottes ville. Children: 1. Martha Foster, m. Lake Moore, Weleetka, Okla.; 2. Betty Robertson, d. in 1896; 3. Mary C, Tuscaloosa; 4. Alice W., Tuscaloosa; 5. Alonzo, jr., Tuscaloosa. Last residence : Tuscaloosa. HILL, BASIL MANLEY, grand high priest, Masons, was born July 22, 1850, in Benton. He removed to Springville, St. Clair County, in 1872, and for many years was tax assessor of that county. He was grand high priest, grand chapter, Masons, 1904. Residence: Spring ville. HILL, FELIX R., Methodist minister; father of F. R. Hill, jr., New Orleans, La. Deceased. Last residence: Mobile. HILL, GEORGE, planter, was born in Ten nessee and died January, 1867, at Talladega. He came from Tennessee to Alabama when a young man and served in the War of 1812 under Gen. Jackson. He was well educated; was elected to the State legis lature in 1831; and for many years was a trustee of the University of Alabama. He was returned to the legislature in 1840, then retired to private life on his plantation in Talladega County until 1857, when he was nominated and elected to the State senate. After his term in the senate, he appeared no more in public life. He was a member of the Baptist church. He was married twice, the second time, in 1856, to Caroline M. Henry, sister of George G. Henry, of Mobile. Last residence: Talladega. HON. EDWARD M. TUTWILER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 811 HILL, HENRY W., physician, was born Jan uary 9, 1827, in Wilkes County, Ga.; son of Abram and Clarissa (Callaway) Hill, the for mer a native of North Carolina, the latter of Georgia; grandson of Henry and Sarah (Cot ton) Hill, the former a native of Virginia, of Irish descent and a soldier of the Revolution, the latter a native of North Carolina and of Scotch descent, and of Joseph Callaway and wife, a Miss Reagen, both natives of Georgia; great-grandson of David Reagen, of North Carolina, a soldier of the Revolution. Dr. Hill received his education at Brownwood uni versity, LaGrange, Ga., and later in Mississippi where his parents had removed. He began the study of medicine under Dr. A. B. Calhoun; entered the University of South Carolina, at Charleston, 1846; and graduated in medicine from the University of New York City, in 1848. He located at Blackhawk, Miss., and practiced at various points in that state until the be ginning of the War of Secession. He enlisted in 1862 with General Chalmers and served on his staff until taken sick about six months later. He returned home, remaining there for eight months, re-enlisted as a surgeon of Colo nel Fisher's regiment in which service he re mained until the. close of the war. He then opened a drug business in Memphis, remain ing there for only one year; spent two years in Texas; returned to Alabama, remaining two years; later resided in Mississippi and Ten nessee locating in Mooresville, in 1881, where he has since remained. He is a Baptist and a Mason. Married: (1) July 12, 1849, to Mary E., daughter of Baker and Almeda (Callaway) Lipscomb; (2) March 27, 1855, to Ann T., daughter of James and Elizabeth (Wood) Hall;1 (3) February 25, 1859, to Mrs. Mary E. (Poite- vent) Girault. Children: by second wife, 1. James A., physician, m. Elizabeth W., daughter of James and Harriet A. (Wright) Woodroff. Last residence: Mooresville. HILL, ISAAC WILLIAM, educator, was born July 25, 1861, at Auburn; son of Isaac and Harriet Elizabeth (Holt) Hill, the former a native of Hillsboro, Ga., who served in the In dian War of 1836, and came to Alabama from Harris County, Ga.; grandson of Isaac Hill, of Hillsboro, Ga., and of William and Frances (Cox) Holt, of Pleasant Hill, Talbot County, Ga., the former, a Virginian, born of English parents, served in the Indian War; great-grand son of Rev. Cary and Martha (Rountree) Cox, who emigrated from North Carolina and settled in Putnam County, Ga. Mr. Hill attended private schools at Auburn, Ga., and in the neighborhood of his father's plantation home in Macon County, Ga.; the Park High School at Tuskegee; and was graduated from Emory College, Georgia, A. B. Three years later he received the honorary degree of A. M. from his alma mater. Mr. Hill began teaching the year after his graduation, and has taught succes sively at Whitesville, Ga., 1881-1884; Easonville, St. Clair County, 1884-1885; Sparta, Ga., 1885- 1887; Easonville, 1887-1891; Springville, 1891- 1896; Gadsden, 1896-1902. He was president of the Spring Lake college, Springville, 1895-1902, and left that position to take the superintend- Vol. Ill— 52 ency of the Gadsden public schools, which posi tion he held when elected state superintendent of education; held the latter position, 1902-1907; served as superintendent of public schools, Opelika, 1908-1910; principal, Boys high school, Mobile, 1910-1911; vice president, Provident insurance company of Alabama, 1911-1912; and since June, 1912, assistant in boys and girls demonstration work in the U. S. department of agriculture, Washington, D. C. He joined the Alabama Educational association in 1884; attended the National educational association at San Francisco, Calif., 1888, where he became a member of that body; and was director from Alabama in the National Educational Asssociation, 1904- 1906. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a Ma son; Odd Fellow; and a member of the Phi Delta Theta college fraternity. Married: June 18, 1890, at Cropwell, St. Clair County, to Laura Jones, daughter of John W. and Ann (Mc Leod) Jones, of Cropwell, the former who emi grated from Virginia to Alabama; granddaugh ter of Daniel and Nancy (Sedberry) McLeod, of Shelby County, the former of Scotch ancestry, and the latter of Irish. Children: 1. Julia, m. John Daniel Meador, Mobile; 2. Geraldine; 3. Isaac William, jr. Residence: Gadsden. HILL, JOEL, soldier of the American Revo lution, aged 72, and a resident of Limestone County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on February 21, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $26.66; sums received to date of publication of list, $79.98. — Revolu tionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv., Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HILL, LEWIS H., lieutenant colonel, 61st Alabama infantry, C. S. Army. HILL, LUTHER LEONIDAS, physician, was born January 22, 1862, in Montgomery; son of Rev. Luther L. and Laura Sarah (Croom) Hill, natives of Alabama, the former a minister of the Methodist church who was born in 1823, and died in 1895; brother of Robert Somer ville Hill (q. v.). His original American ancestor, William W. Hill, emigrated from Eng land to North Carolina in 1687. Dr. Hill ob tained his early education in the private school of Prof. George W. Thomas; attended Howard college at Marion; was graduated from the medical department of the University of New York, M. D., 1881; spent the summer of that year attending lectures at the different hospi tals of New York City; was graduated from the Jefferson medical college at Philadelphia, M. D., 1882; studied in hospitals in Philadel phia until January, 1883; attended the New York polyclinic college, where he studied surgery and diseases of the eye, ear and throat; entered the medical department of King's col lege, London, July, 1883, and studied surgery under the instruction of Sir Joseph Lister and Dr. John Wood. He returned to America, April, 1884, after visiting the principal cities of Europe, and began the practice of his profes sion, making a specialty of surgery, in Mont gomery. In 1887, he was elected .president of the Montgomery County medical and surgical 812 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY society, and a member of the board of health of Montgomery County in 1888. He was made president of the board of U. S. pension examin ers, 1890; was elected president of the Alabama Medical Association, 1897; president of the Montgomery board of health, 1898; has served as grand senior counsellor of the Alabama Medical Association; is a member of the Ameri can Medical Association; surgeon of the Hill infirmary in Montgomery; examiner of the Traveler's Life Insurance Company; surgeon of the Central Railroad of Georgia, and of the Mobile & Ohio Railroad. In 1887, he was elect ed president of the Montgomery medical and surgical institute, and during the same year was appointed by the president of the state medical association as delegate _ to the Ameri can Medical Association, at Chicago. He is author of "Modern Treatment of Wounds," Transactions, Medical Association, Alabama, 1891; "Osteo-Sarcoma," New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal, 1892; "Foreign Bodies in the Air Passages," Alabama Medical ' and Surgical Age, 1893; "Elephantiasis," Medical News, New York, 1894; "Cancer of the Breast," New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal, 1897; "Stone in Bladder," Medical Association, Alabama, 1897; "Retention of the Testicles," Medical News, New York, 1899; "Hernia of the Vermiform Appendix," New York Medical Rec ord, 1899; "Wounds of the Heart," New York .Medical Record, 1900; and other contributions to medical and professional publications. He is also author of the article on "Heart, Wounds of" in Wood's Reference Hand Book of Medical Sciences. He is a member of the Sigma Nu college fraternity. Married: July 12, 1888, at Mobile, to Lilly, daughter of Mark Lyons, of Mobile. Children: 1. Lillian; 2. Joseph Lister; 3. Amile; 4. Luther Lyons. Residence: Mont gomery. HILL, PLEASANT, public official, was born in 1817, and died in 1853; son of James Hill, who was for many years a prominent senator from Bibb County. He was liberally educated and attended the University of Alabama for sev eral years. He studied law, was admitted to the bar, and became a lawyer and planter in Bibb County. He was elected secretary of the State senate in 1839, and was re-elected the fol lowing year; was elected to the State legisla ture as representative from Bibb County, 1843; was re-elected secretary of the senate in 1844, and again in 1855. He was a democrat. Mar ried: Catherine J. Davidson, daughter of S. W. Davidson, a wealthy planter of Bibb County, who was elected to the State legislature in 1840. Last residence: Marr's, Bibb County. HILL, ROBERT SOMERVILLE, physician,' was born February 9, 1870, in Montgomery County; son of Rev. Luther L. and Laura (Croom) Hill; brother of Luther Leonidas Hill (q. v.). He attended the private school of Prof. George W. Thomas, of Montgomery, and the Montgomery High School under Prof. G. H. Bartlett; and began the study of medicine in 1886 with his brother, Dr. L. L. Hill. Later he was a student of the University of Virginia, and afterwards was graduated at the University of New York, 1891. Returning to Montgomery, he entered partnership with his brother and be gan to practice medicine. He was elected coun ty physician of Montgomery County in 1891 and held the office for two terms: was appointed surgeon of the Second regiment of Alabama state troops, 1893; was elected president of the Medical and Surgical society of Montgom ery County, 1895; delivered the annual oration before the Medical Association of Alabama at its meeting in Selma, 1897; was elected coun sellor of that body, 1898; and with his brother established the Hill infirmary, 1898. Prior to that time, he had taken several courses in gynecology under leading specialists of Europe. He is author of "Progress of Surgery," New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal, 1894; "Cancer Uteri," and "Uterine Fibroids," Ala bama Medical and Surgical Age; "Disorders of the Nervous System accompanying Gynecic Diseases," Journal of the American Medical Association, Chicago, 1899; "Retrodislocations of the Uterus," American Journal of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, New York, 1900, and American Year Book ol Medicine and Surgery, 1902; "Ovarian Cysts," American Journal of Obstetrics, 1901, and Jahresbericht, Geburts- hilfe und Gynakologie, Germany, 1902; and other articles on surgical and gynecological subjects. Dr. Hill is also a member of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Associa tion, and of the Independent Order of Odd Fel lows. Residence. Montgomery. HILL, SAMUEL HENRY, physician, was born May 1, 1848, near Carrollton, Pickens County; son of Dr. Samuel Feuillteau and Sarah Jane (Boggs) Hill, the former a native of Statesville, Iredell County, N. C, born in 1813, who lived in Spartanburg, S. C, as a merchant tailor, began the study of medicine at that place, was graduated from South Caro lina Medical College, M. D., 1852, practiced medicine in Alabama at Cedar Bluff, Cherokee County, and in Carrollton, Pickens County, was a post surgeon in the C. S. Army, a local min ister of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, and died in 1895, the latter a native of New Jersey, born in 1819, who was reared princi pally in Virginia; grandson of John and Asenith (Andrews) Hill, who lived in States ville, N. C, and of Rev. John and Mary (Throg- morton) Boggs, natives of Ireland, who lived at Spartanburg, S. C, the former of whom lived, at Hedgesville, Va., until after maturity, was a graduate of Princeton University, and became a Presbyterian minister; great-grand son of James Hill, who married a Miss Logan, near Belfast, Ireland, and with his brothers John and Ephraim Hill, emigrated from Ireland to Pennsylvania, later moving to Iredell Coun ty, N. C. Dr. Hill received his first schooling at Carrollton under Maj. E. D. Willett. He attended the University of Alabama, 1864-1865, and when that school was burned in 1865, be came a student in the medical department of the University of Louisville, Kentucky. He was graduated there, M. D., 1870 and began to practice medicine in partnership with his father at Carrollton. The partnership continued until 1885, when his father retired from active prac tice. Dr. Hill has served two terms as county treasurer. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 813 a Mason; and an Odd Fellow. Married: (1) January 10, 1873, near Gainesville, to Virginia Kerr, who died December 20, 1884, daughter of William and Sarah (Dial) Kerr, who lived near Gainesville; (2) July 15, 1886, Lucy I. Stewart, who was born August 6, 1864, near Carrollton, and died August 25, 1898, daughter of William C. and Mary Elizabeth (Harris) Stewart, na tives of Pickens County; (3) March 19, 1901, to Mrs. Ina C. McKinstry, who was born July 12, 1873, daughter of William Hunter and Ella Ann (Calhoun) Harlan. Children, by first mar riage; 1. William Kerr, b. March 8, 1875, d. November 5, 1895, druggist at Carrollton; 2. Velma; 3. Samuel H; 4. Hugh W.; 5. Virginia; by second marriage, 6. Stewart Feuillteau, b. June 16, 1887; 7. Bessie Lee, b. January 18, 1889; 8. Augustus Eugene, b. November 3, 1893, d. August 12, 1894; 9. Robert Andrew, b. Decem ber 5, 1894; 10. Edith, b. April 2, 1896, d. April 7, 1896; 11. Lucian Isabel, b. August 19, 1898; by third marriage, 12, Hunter Emmett, b. June 7, 1902; 13. Annie May, b. March 6, 1904. Residence : Carrollton. HILL, THOMAS CARTER, physician, was born November 14, 1839, in Greene, now Hale, County, and died at Oxford; son of Thomas H. and Miranda (Gregory) Hill, natives, re spectively, of Virginia and North Carolina, the former of whom went to North Carolina in early manhood, was married there, moved to Alabama in 1812, and settled in Greene County, where he became an extensive planter, and died in 1860 at the age of seventy-eight; grandson of Joseph Hill, an Englishman, who came to America before the Revolution and settled in Culpeper County, Va.. He was educated in some of the leading colleges of the state and at the age of nineteen began to study medicine. He was a student in medical institutions ir New York and Boston, and was graduated from the Jefferson medical college, Philadel phia, M. D., 1860. Eearly in 1861, he enlisted in the C. S. Army as a private soldier, joining the Fifth Alabama regiment. After a short time, he was promoted to assistant surgeon, and in 1864, was transferred to the valley dis trict of Virginia, as medical director, with full rank of surgeon. He remained in that de partment to the close of the war. After the war, Dr. Hill returned to Alabama, and located at Dayton, Marengo County, in the practice of medicine. He went to Europe in 1870 to study under leading members of the profession abroad, returned to Dayton and continued his practice there until 1884, when he moved to Oxford, and abandoned his profession to devote his time to real estate and other business enter prises. Married: May, 1870, in Marengo Coun ty, to Margaret Lee, daughter of Columbus W. and Elizabeth (Parker) Lee (q. v.). Children: 1. Columbus L.; 2. Thomas C; 3. Margaret; 4. Myra C; 5. Harry. Last residence: Oxford. HILL, THOMAS RUFUS, physician, was born in Trenton, Hawkins County, Tenn., and died November 27, 1872, at Montgomery. He was one of four brothers, all of whom were phy sicians. He came to Alabama from Tennessee, and settled first in Selma. After a short time at that place, he moved to Montgomery, and spent the remainder of his life there. He was a practising physician at Montgomery; was president of the National Medical Association; and president of the state and city boards of health. He enlisted at New Orleans, 1846, for service in the Mexican War, and served throughout the war as surgeon. He was a Democrat. Married: across the Tennessee line from Trenton, Ky., to Caroline Thomas Farley, who died April 8, 1890, in Chattanooga, daugh ter of Eliza M. Farley, and sister of William and James A. Farley, both of Montgomery. Children: 1. Amelia, d. in infancy; 2. Isadora Sue, m. J. P. Flanders, of Macon, Ga.; 3. Wal lace Davis, m. Ettie V. Ashley, of Chattanooga, Tenn.; 4. Moreau, d. in infancy; 5. Fred W., m. (1) Lizzie Harris of Chattanooga, Tenn., (2) Louie Coller, of Chattanooga, Tenn. Last residence : Montgomery. HILL, WILEY CROOM, lawyer, was born September 6, 1876, at Montgomery; son of Dr. Luther L. and Laura S. (Croom) Hill. He was educated in the public schools of Mont gomery and graduated with the LL. B. degree in the law department of the University of Alabama, in 1895. From that date until 1897, he was clerk of the county court of Mont gomery. He entered upon the practice of his profession in 1897, and is a member of the firm of Hill, Hill and Whiting. Married: November 30, 1898, at Montgomery, to Mary Ellen, daughter of Dr. John H. and Mary (Cook) Blue (q. V.)- Children: 1. Wiley C, jr.; 2. John Blue; both graduates of the depart ment of law at the University of Alabama, and upon graduation taken into the law firm with their father; 3. Laura May; 4. Mary Blue. Residence: Montgomery. HILL, WILLIAM WALLACE, lawyer and State senator, was born August 8, 1868, at Faunsdale, Marengo County; son of Luther L. and Laura (Croom) Hill. He was educated in the schools of Montgomery; prepared for college by Prof. George Thomas, a famous teacher of Montgomery; later attended Howard college and the University of Alabama; studied law in the office of Judge Samuel F. Rice, and Col. A. A. Wiley, in Montgomery; admitted to the practice in 1889; has been county solicitor; was a member of the house of representatives from Montgomery County in 1897; and was State senator from the 28th senatorial district, 1915. He was for several years 1st lieutenant, Troop A, 2nd regiment, Alabama national guard. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; and Knight of Pythias. Married: January 2, 1901, at Pine Apple, Wilcox County, to Carrie, daughter of William and Clara (Seale) Melton of that place; granddaughter of Joseph and Nancy (Ptomey) Melton and Ransom and Ellen Jane (Murphy) Seale. Children: 1. Corrie Melton. Residence : Montgomery. HILLHOUSE, JAMES, Presbyterian minis ter; mentioned in Nail's "Dead of the Synod of Alabama," 1851. HILLHOUSE, WILLIAM, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of 814 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Marengo County; private, sergeant and lieuten ant S. C. Militia; enrolled on March 3, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $200; sums received to date of publication of list, $600. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Greene County, June 1, 1840, aged 81. — Census of Pensioners 1841, p. 149. HILLIARD, HENRY WASHINGTON, lawyer, representative in congress, was born August 4, 1808, in Fayetteville, N. C, and died December 17, 1892, at Atlanta, Ga. When he was quite young, his parents moved to Columbia, S. C, where he was reared and educated. He was graduated from South Carolina College; read law under Wiliam C. Preston in Columbia, S. C, and A. M. Clayton in Athens, Ga. ; was admitted to the bar in 1829; practiced law at Athens, 1829-1831; served as professor in the University of Alabama, 1831-1834, when he resigned to practice law in Montgomery. In 1838, he an swered Dixon H. Lewis in six papers signed "Junius Brutus," opposing Calhoun's subtreas- ury scheme. He was elected to the State leg islature as a Whig that same year; was a dele gate to the Whig National convention at Har risburg, Pa., 1840, and was on the Harrison electoral ticket; was offered the mission to Por tugal in 1841, but declined to accept; was on the general ticket of the Whig party, 1841, for congress, and was defeated, but carried his own district; was appointed charge d'affaires to Belgium by President Tyler, 1842-1844; was elected to congress over John Cochran of Bar bour County, 1845 ; was returned without op position in 1847; and re-elected over James L. Pugh of Barbour County, 1849. His first speech in congress was such that Ex-president John Quincy Adams, then a member, walked across the room to congratulate him. During his serv ice in congress, Mr. Hilliard was a regent of Smithsonian Institution. He supported the com promise measures of 1850, and opposed the ex treme states' rights policy of the south. At the close of his third term, he declined further service and resumed his professional labors. Early in life, he held an official connection with the Methodist church, as a local or lay minis ter, and he sometimes entered the pulpit. In 1856, he was on the Fillmore electoral ticket, and in 1860, on the Bell and Everett ticket. In 1861, he was sent by President Davis as com missioner to Tennessee, to arrange for the ad mission of that state into the confederacy, and was successful in his mission. He had opposed secession, and had met William L. Yancey in joint debate in a canvass of Alabama, 1860-1861, but when Alabama seceded, he gave the state his support. In 1862, he was made a brigadier general, raised Hilliard's legion of about three thousand men, entered the service with it, but after some months resigned his commission. After the war, he practiced law in Augusta, Ga., and in Atlanta. He advocated the election of Horace Greeley in 1872; was an unsuccessful candidate for representative from Georgia in the Forty-fifth congress, 1876; and was ap pointed U. S. minister to Brazil by President Hayes, serving 1877-1881. He helped forward the emancipation movement in Brazil, and his speech and letter on that subject, at the time of the emancipation of one million and a half of slaves in Brazil, were published in the official Blue Book of Great Britain by Lord Granville. Mr. Hilliard was author of "Roman Nights," a translation from the Italian, 1848; "Speeches and Addresses," 1855; "De Vane, a Story of Plebeians and Patricians," 1865; "Politics and Pen Pictures," 1892; and "Recollections and Ad dresses," 1895. Married: (1) Miss Bedell, of Georgia; (2) Mrs. Mayes, a sister of Col. Thomas O. Glascock. One of his sons, William Preston Hilliard, married Jennie Whiting, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Bell) Whit ing, the former a financier who was president of the South & North Railroad, and commis sioner and trustee of banks, the latter a sister of W. B. Bell. Last residence: Atlanta, Ga. HILLIARD, JENNIE (WHITING) patriotic worker, was a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Bell) Whiting (q. v.). She attended the first meeting of the Ladies' Memorial association and served as second secretary of the organi zation. Married: Williams Preston Hilliard, son of Henry W. Hilliard (q. v.). HILLIARD, MONROE JUDGE, merchant, was born February 14, 1880, at Eutaw, Greene County; son of James L. and Nannie F. (Brooks) Judge, the former a farmer of Spring field, St. Clair County; grandson of Hilliard and Laura (Mills) Judge, of Eutaw, and of Brewster and Sarah (Smith) Brooks, of Springville. The Judge family is of Scotch descent. Mr. Judge was educated in the com mon schools of Shelby County. He went to work early and for a number of years was em ployed in Birmingham. In 1907 he began merchandising in Columbiana. He repre sented Shelby County in the State legislature, 1915; is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: August 20, 1902, to Anna L. Cosper, daughter of Jacob and Zula (Carlisle) Cosper. Residence: Columbiana. HILLIARD, WILLIAM JASON, farmer, pro bate judge, and legislator, was born October 24, 1833, in Stewart County, Ga.; son of William and Mary (Daniel) Hilliard, the former a native of North Carolina, went with his parents when young to Georgia, and in 1851, removed to what became known as Hilliard's Cross Roads, Pike County, here he improved land and resided until his death from small-pox in 1863, the latter was a native of Washington County, Ga.; grandson of Major Hilliard who was probably of English and Dutch ancestry, born in North Carolina, later removed to Georgia where he became a prominent planter, and of Ezekiel Daniel, a prosperous farmer of Washington County, Ga., his ancestors came to America during colonial times. He was edu cated in the common schools near Hilliard's Cross Roads; spent one year in teaching, and at the request of his parents returned home to look after their property; enlisted in July, 1861, in Co. F, 15th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, serving with this unit until 1863. Upon the death of his parents he engaged in DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 815 farming; has been a mechanic and blacksmith; elected in 1880, probate judge of Pike County, which position he held for three years, after which he resumed farming; elected as a repre sentative from Pike County to the legislature of 1901. He is a Democrat; Methodist; and a Mason. Married: (1) December 25, 1863, at Elba, to Laura, daughter of Allan and Martha Bullard, who removed from Georgia to Coffee County, Ala; (2) November, 1881, to Mrs. Sarah Amelia Kelsoe, nee Cooper. Children: by first wife, 1. Mary V., deceased, m. William Parks; 2. Martha G., m. James E. Henderson; 3. Camilla J.; 4. Belle; 5. William W.; by sec ond wife; 6. John W.; 7. Alice Lee. Residence: Troy. HILLMAN, THOMAS T., business man, pro moter, was born February 2, 1844, in Montgom ery County, Tenn., and died August 5, 1905, at Birmingham; son of Daniel and Ann (Marable) Hillman, who lived in Montgomery County, Tenn., the former a native of Trenton, N. J., who was in the iron business all his life, who was the pioneer iron manufacturer of Tennes see, and who died in 1883; grandson of Dr. John H. and Nancy (Watson) Marable, who lived near Clarksville, Tenn. The greater part of his education was obtained at Vandusia academy, Edgefield, Tenn., although, because of an accident which caused him to be con fined to bed for four years, he had little more than two years of schooling. He went to Louis ville, Ky., when he was fifteen years of age, was employed in a rolling mill, and promoted very rapidly. He took charge of his father's business, the Empire Iron Works, in Triggs County, Ky., until 1866, when he was given an interest in the business, the firm becoming Lee, Hillman & Son. He assumed charge of the Cen tre Furnace Company until 1879; the following year went into the mercantile business at Nashville, Tenn. ; and in July of that year sold his business and moved to Birmingham, where he formed a partnership with Henry F. De Bardeleben in ore and iron making. He built the Alice furnace No. 1; and in 1881, the Alice Furnace Company was organized by combining the properties of the Hillman Iron & Coal Com pany, the Birmingham Iron & Coal Company, and the property of Hillman & DeBardeleben, with Mr. Hillman as president and general manager. He acted in that capacity until the consolidation of the Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railroad Company, the Pratt Coal & Iron Company, and the Alice Furnace Com pany, under the name of the Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railroad Company, at which time he was made vice-president of the new company. He held the position of vice-president of the Eusting and Alice division of the company until April, 1889, when he retired from the service of the company until January, 1891, at which time he was elected a director in the company. In April, 1891, he was elected sec ond vice-president. He was president and di rector of the Birmingham Railroad & Electric Company; a director in the First National Bank; and at the time of his death was presi dent of the Pratt Consolidated Coal Company. He erected the first four furnaces at Ensley. In his early business life, while in Kentucky, Mr. Hillman was a partner in the firm of Hill man, Brother & Sons, located in Lyon County, Ky., manufacturing merchants bar iron, and plate sheet iron. That company made the cele brated Hillman boiler plate, and what was known as the Tennessee bar iron, supplying four-fifths of the iron sold south of the Ohio, prior to the War of Secession. He was a Methodist; was president of the board of stewards of the First church of Birming ham for a number of years; was a Knight Templar and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: in 1866, to Emily S. Gentry, who was born March 19, 1844, in Wilson County, Tenn., daugh ter of Col. Meredith Poindexter and Emily (Saunders) Gentry, who lived in Sumner County, Tenn., the former of whom was a member of the legislature when twenty-one years old, was a representative in congress for a number of years, and died in November, 1866. Children: 1. J. H., d. 1912, in Pittsburgh, Pa.; 2. T. T., d. Aug. 5, 1905; 3. Nannie J., m. Dr. Ed. N. Franklin, Sumner County, Tenn.; 4. Gallatin; 5. Grace O, m. D. C. Scales, Nash ville, Tenn. Last residence: Birmingham. HILLSMAN, JOSE, soldier of the American Revolution. "At her residence in this county, on the 4th inst, Mrs. Elizabeth Hillsman, widow of the late Jose Hillsman, formerly of Amelia County, Va., in her 84th year. Her husband was a soldier of the Revolution, and she was the last revolutionary pensioner of the general government in this county. She was baptized in the Episcopal church in Virginia, about the year 1800, and died professing re pentance towards God and faith in the Lord Jesus Christ." — The Southern Advocate, Hunts ville, Ala., Sept. 24, 1857. HINDS, JOSEPH MUNROE, consul general, for a number of years a resident of Alabama, was born in Illinois, January 6, 1842; son of Simeon Hinds and wife, the former an ex tensive farmer of Illinois. He attended the country schools of his native state; studied law, but abandoned his studies at the beginning of the war and volunteered as a private in the Eighth Illinois infantry; was promoted to a second lieutenancy; transferred to the First Alabama (Federal) cavalry as acting regimen tal quartermaster; and mustered out at Hunts ville, October, 1865. After the war he and his brother located at Decatur as traders and mer chants; also engaged in steamboating and op erated a line of stages. He was appointed con sul-general for the U. S. to Brazil, 1872; re turned to Decatur, 1878; appointed United States marshal for the northern district of Ala bama, 1882, and removed to Huntsville; at the expiration of his term returned to Decatur. Married: in 1873, at Rio Janeiro, to Miss Lucia Annita Trillia, of Buenos Ayres, of English and Italian stock. He had two boys and two girls. One of the children, Grace Elvina, m. (1) Al fred Duggan, of Buenos Ayres, and (2) George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st earl of Kedleston, for a time viceroy and governor-general of India. HINDS, WARREN ELMER, entomologist, for a number of years a resident of Alabama, was born September 20, 1876; at Townsend, 816 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Middlesex County, Mass.; son of Warren David and Mary Persis (Colby) Hinds, the former a native of Worcester County, Mass., and a sol dier in the U. S. Army, 1864-65. Dr. Hinds was educated in the public schools of Town- send; received the B. Sc. degree from Massa chusetts agricultural college, Amherst, 1899; Boston university, B. S., 1899; returned to Massachusetts agricultural college, received the first degree of Ph. D. ever given there, 1902. Since his graduation, he has served as ento mologist in various states, in 1907 coming to Alabama to take up his present work as en tomologist of the Alabama polytechnic institute. Married: March 4, 1903, at Templeton, Mass., to Edith Goddard, daughter of Simeon Denni- son Parker and Susan Eliza (Knowlton) Gray, of that place. Residence: Auburn. HINSON, EVANS, lawyer, was born October 4, 1875, at Mt. Willing, Lowndes County, and died April 28, 1910, at Hayneville; son of Joseph Lemuel and Martha Ellen (Daniel) Hin son, the former a native of Anson County, N. C, who lived at Mt. Willing, was first lieu tenant of Co. M, Sixth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, was wounded in the thigh at Seven Pines, lost his right leg at Winchester, was promoted to captain, and was a prisoner of war at Fort Delaware when Gen. Lee surren dered; grandson of John and Mary (Wall) Hinson, and of John and Hulda (Hill) Dan iel, all of Mt. Willing. Mr. Hinson was edu cated at Mt. Willing high school, at Marion military institute, and at Howard college, graduating from the latter place, B. S., 1894. He studied law in Birmingham with W. R. Houghton; was admitted to the bar in De cember, 1895; began to practice law in Hayne ville, January,- 1896; served as county solicitor, 1897-1898; was general administrator for Lowndes County, 1898; and delegate from that county to the constitutional convention, 1901. He was a Democrat; Missionary Baptist; and a Mason. Married: December 25, 1904, at Hayne ville, to Ernestine Cloud Poole, daughter of Edward Daniel and Annie Elizabeth (Bell) Poole. Children: 1. Evans, jr. Last residence : Hayneville. HIPP, ROBERT LEE, lawyer and legislator, was born February 13, 1873, at Brooksville, Blount County, and was killed near Joppa, in the same county, April 11, 1905; son of Lycur- gus and Leta (Hyatt) Hipp, the former a native of Ellijay, Ga., who removed to Brooksville; grandson of Abram Hyatt, also of Brooksville. He was educated in the common schools of Blount County; and graduated, B. S., 1892 from Blount college, LL. B., 1899, from Cum berland university, Tenn., and was admitted to the bar. He was elected, 1900, and re-elected, 1902, as a State senator from the third dis trict. In 1904, he resided for a few months in Birmingham where he was the partner of Judge Zell Gaston. He was a Democrat. He was unmarried. Last residence: Cullman. HlRSHFIELD, HENRY PHILLIPS, phy sician; graduate of the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, 1878; li censed to practice the same year by the board of Mobile County. Residence: Mobile. HITCHCOCK, HENRY, lawyer, chief justice of the supreme court of Alabama, was born September 19, 1792, at Burlington, Chittenden County, Vt., and died August 11, 1839, at Mo bile; son of Judge Samuel and Lucy Caroline (Allen) Hitchcock, the former a native of Brim- field, Hampshire County, Mass., who lived in Burlington, Vt., until 1794, when he moved to Vergennes, living there until 1806, at which time he returned to Burlington, was gradu ated from Harvard university in 1777, read law at Brookfield, Mass., with Hon. Jedediah Foster, began the practice of law at Burlington, Vt., in 1786, was states attorney in Chittenden County, Vt., 1787-1791, represented the town, 1789-1794, was a member of the convention of delegates of the people of Vermont at Ben nington, January 10, 1791, to ratify the consti tution of the United States, drafted the charter of the University of Vermont, November 3, 1791, was a trustee of that university and its secretary, 1791-1800, was attorney-general of Vermont under the act of October, 1790, was one of the electors from Vermont at the second presidential election in 1793, judge of the dis trict court of United States for the district of Vermont, and judge of the circuit court of the second circuit of the United States, receiving his appointment from President John Adams, and as a lawyer ranked among the foremost in New England; grandson of Noah and Mary (Burt) Hitchcock, of Springfield, Mass., and of Gen. Ethan Allen of Vermont, of Revolu tionary fame. He was graduated from the Uni versity of Vermont with honor, 1811, and took up the study of law. He located in Mobile, January 22, 1816, to practice law; moved to the Tombigbee settlement in 1817, and had opened an office there for the purpose of prac ticing law, when he was appointed secretary of the territory by Gov. Bibb. While he was sec retary of the commonwealth, he formed a part nership with Hon. William Crawford of St. Stephens, and entered on a successful career. He represented Washington County in the con stitutional convention of 1819, and was elected the first attorney general of Alabama the same year. He held that office four years, then de voted his entire time to his profession. He moved to Cahaba in 1821, when the seat of gov ernment was established at that place, and lo cated in Mobile in 1826. He was elected to the bench of the supreme court of Alabama, January, 1835, to succeed Mr. Lipscomb, and in 1836, on the resignation of Mr. Saffold, was made chief justice of the supreme court. He - resigned from that position a few months later, and resumed his law practice. He was elected to represent Mobile County in the legislature in 1839, but died of yellow fever in the fall of that year, at the age of forty-four years. He was a Presbyterian. Married: October, 1821, to Anna Erwin, daughter of Col. Andrew Er win, who lived near Nashville, Tenn. Chil dren: 1. Caroline Loraine, b. April 8, 1825, at Mobile, d. in 1863, m. March, 1857, to Dr. Sam uel G. DeCamp, surgeon, U. S. Army, one daughter, Anna Erwin, m. Leo A. Camacho, re sides at New Brighton, Staten Island, N. Y., THOMAS T. HILLMAN DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 819 with their three children; 2. Henry, b. July 3, 1829, at Spring Hill, d. March 18, 1902, m. March 5, 1857, to Mary Collier, who survived him with two children, Henry and George Col lier, St. Louis, Mo.; 3. Andrew Erwin, b. June 6, 1831, at Mobile, d. October 4, 1848, at Nash ville, Tenn.; 4. Anna E., b. May 12, 1839, at Mobile, d. November 18, 1839; 5. Ethan Allen, b. September 19, 1835, at Mobile, was graduated at the military academy in New Haven, Conn., 1855, engaged in mercantile pursuits in St. Louis, Mo., 1855-1860, was employed by the com mission house of Olyphant & Company, in China, 1860-1866, became a partner in the house in 1866, retired from business and left China in 1872, was in Europe, 1872-1874, was inter ested in mining, manufacturing, and railways in the United States as a promoter and presi dent, 1874-1897, was appointed envoy-extraordi nary and minister-plenipotentiary to Russia by President McKinley, August 16, 1897, reaching St. Petersburg in December, 1897, was appointed ambassador extraordinary and minister-pleni potentiary, the first American ambassador ac credited to the Russian court, February, 1898, was named by the president and confirmed by the senate as secretary of the interior as suc cessor to Cornelius N. Bliss, December 21, 1898, and assumed his position in President McKin- ley's cabinet, February 20, 1899, m. March 22, 1869, to Margaret D. Collier, has three daugh ters, Sarah, m. John F. Shepley, Anne E. and Margaret Dwight Last residence: Mobile. HITCHCOCK, HENRY, lawyer, territorial secretary, and attorney general, was born in 1795 in one of the New England States, prob ably Vermont, and died in 1839, in Mobile; grandson of Gen. Ethan Allen. He came to Alabama in 1817 and located in the Tombigbee settlement; began the practice of law; ap pointed in 1818, territorial secretary by Gov. William W. Bibb and at the same time formed a law partnership with William Crawford at St. Stephens; represented Washington County in the constitutional convention of 1819 ; elected attorney general, holding that office 1819-1823; returned to his practice; removed to Cahaba, later to Mobile; elected associate justice, in January, 1835, and chief justice, in 1836. In 1839 he was elected a member of the State house of representatives but died before it con vened. Married: Miss Irwin, of Tennessee. Children: 1. son. Last residence: Mobile. HIXSON, JAMES COURTNEY, lawyer, was born December 25, 1863; son of Rev. J. O. and Mattie Thurman (Brown) Hixson, of Union Springs. He graduated A. B., 1888, and LL. B., 1890, from the University of Alabama; was commandant, University of Alabama, 1888-91; practiced his profession at Union Springs, 1891-93; U. S. Consul, Foochow, China, 1893-97; captain, Co. H, 5th Immunes, Spanish-American War, 1898-99; lieutenant, 32nd Regiment, U. S. volunteer infantry, Philippine War, 1899- 1901; appointed lieutenant, U. S. Army, 1901; now a judge in the Philippine Islands. HOBBIE, HENRY MARTIN, business man, was born January 13, 1849, in Montgomery, and died October 24, 1906 in Montgomery; son of Asbury and Alice (Hedgebeth) Martin, both of whom died in his infancy. Mr. Martin was then adopted by Mr. and Mrs. Simon Hob- bie and he took their name with his own. He received his education in -the common schools of Montgomery and in Dr. Cox's Col lege. He was a member of the Montgomery Greys, Second Alabama regiment and on the outbreak of the Civil war was too young to be accepted for service, but succeeded in serv ing as private for the last seventeen months of the war. He was a wholesale grocer and commission merchant and an extensive cotton planter, and was also interested in banking, being a director of the First National Bank at Montgomery. He was director of the Central Railroad of Georgia; and served for a short time as member of the board of rev enue of Montgomery County. He was a Demo crat; Mason; and a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. He was also a mem ber of the Joi de Vie. Married: July 16, 1872, in Montgomery to Miss Leonora Jackson, daughter of John W. A. and Martha -(Barnett) Jackson, the former who was a son of Abram Jackson who was a relative of Andrew Jack son, and the latter who was a member of the Barnett family of Virginia and Georgia, and later of Alabama, where they were prominent citizens. Children: 1. Richard Martin, b. 1877, acted as federal food administrator for Ala bama under Herbert Hoover during the World war, m. Annie Henderson; 2. Henry Martin, jr., b. 1881, president of the Fourth National Bank of Montgomery, m. Bessie Rogers; 3. Jackson Martin, b. 1886, m. Minnie Lee Rainer; 4. Nonie, m. John W. Vardaman. Last resi dence: Birmingham. HOBBS, SAMUEL FRANCIS, lawyer, was born October 5, 1887, at Selma, Dallas County; son of Samuel Freeman and Frances Jeffries (John) Hobbs, the former a native of Fal mouth, York County, Me., who located in Selma about 1856, where he resided until his death, 1890, a Confederate soldier, serving in Byrd's company, first regiment, Alabama volunteers, until it was mustered out, in Goldsby's com pany, mounted infantry, until transferred to quartermaster's department on account of ill ness, and remained in this department until close of war; grandson of Josiah and Miranda (Merrill) Hobbs, also of Falmouth, Me., and of Joseph Reid and Rosa Jane (Smith) John of Selma. He was educated in public schools of Selma and Prof. Calloway's preparatory school, Marion military institute and Vanderbilt uni versity; was graduated with degree of LL. B. from Alabama university, May, 1908, and en tered at once on the practice of law in Selma where he still resides. He is a Democrat; Pres byterian; Mason; Shriner; and a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon and Theta Nu Epsilon college fraternities. Married: January 8, 1913, at Birmingham, to Sarah Ellen, daughter of Judge Samuel Earle and Rosa (Miller) Greene of that place; granddaughter of Judge George Knox and Celestine (McCann) Miller, the for mer a captain in the Confederate cavalry under Wheeler, and a resident of Talladega, the lat- 820 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY ter, a native of South Carolina, and of Robert and Sarah Ellen (Earle) Greene, the former a Confederate soldier, resident of Elyton; great- granddaughter of Dr. Earle of Elyton. Resi dence : Selma. HOBBS, THOMAS HUBBARD, planter, was born April 19, 1826, in Limestone County, and died July 24, 1862, in Lynchburg, Va.; son of Ira E. and Rebecca E. (Maclin) Hobbs, natives of Brunswick County, Va., of Scotch-Irish de scent; grandson of Thomas Maclin, a captain in the War of 1812. He was a descendant of Hubbard Hobbs, a lieutenant in the U. S. Navy, and an officer on the Vincennes, the first vessel sent by the U. S. government to circumnavigate the globe. He received his early education at LaGrange college, and was graduated from the University of Virginia, B. A., 1853, and from the law department of the University of Penn sylvania. He practiced law a short time at Athens, but soon abandoned the profession to devote his attention to planting. He was one of the promoters of the North and South rail road, and was associated with the Hon. Luke Pryor in the establishment and final success of that enterprise. He was a temperance candi date for the State legislature in 1853 but was defeated; was a successful candidate for that body in 1855, and during that session was sent by the legislature to represent his congressional district at the Cincinnati convention of 1855. He was returned to the legislature in 1857, and in 1859. His standing in the legislature was such that he was urged as a candidate for gov ernor of the state. At the beginning of the War of Secession, he entered the C. S. Army as captain of Co. F, Ninth Alabama infantry. He had served in the army for a year, when at Seven Pines he was wounded in the leg and died within five weeks from the effect of the wound. While he was in the army, Capt. Hobbs was asked to become a member of the Confed erate congress,' but declined the position. Mar ried: (1) August 4, 1852, at Richmond, Va., to Indiana E. Booth, who died at Athens in 1854; (2) February 17, 1858, at Lynchburg, Va., to Anne Benagh, who died in 1872, at Athens, daughter of James Benagh, of Lynchburg, and a niece of Hon. William Richardson, of Lime stone County. Children, by second marriage: 1. Thomas Maclin, planter, b. November 29, 1858, m. November 24, 1880, to Anne Richard son, resides at Athens; 2. James Benagh, plan ter, b. January 4, 1861, d. February 23, 1883. Last residence: Lynchburg, Va. HOBDY, EDMUND, an old time planter in Dallas County. Deceased. HOBDY, JOHN BUFORD, educator, was born January 16, 1875, at Hobdy's plantation, Macon County; son of Robert Long and Mary (Bu ford) Hobdy (q. v.). He was educated in the private and public schools of Union Springs, and was graduated with distinction and with the rank of captain and assistant to command ant, from the Alabama polytechnic institute, B. Sc, 1897, and M. Sc, 1898. He was a graduate student at the University of Chicago, 1900. Mr. Hobdy served as professor of agriculture in the Seventh District agricultural school, 1898-1900; was president and director of the experiment station of the same school, 1901-1911; served as assistant to the superintendent of extension, Alabama polytechnic institute, and special agent of the U. S. department of agriculture, 1911-1912; and as professor of the school of agriculture and special agent of the U. S. de partment of agriculture, 1912, through June, 1913. He was president of the department of superintendents of the Alabama educational association, 1907-1908; was a member of the state text book commission, 1908-1913; was president of the Alabama educational associa tion, 1912-1913; and was state high school in spector for several years. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a member of Phi Delta Theta col lege fraternity, and of the Knights of Pythias, in which organization he is past chancellor. Married: June 3, 1903, at Bessemer, to Mary Florence, daughter of Walter Keirn and Susan (Tankersley) Smith, who lived at that place; granddaughter of Edward Ward and Martha (Houston) Smith, natives of North Carolina and Sumter County, the former of whom was a lawyer, and of Robert and Evelyn Mason (Cunningham) Tankersley, of Sumter County. Children:. 1. Robert Buford, b. May 2, 1909, Birmingham.' Residence: Montgomery. HOBDY, ROBERT LONG, planter, was born in 1840, at Hobdy's Bridge, Pike County; son of Harrell and Jennie (McNeill) Hobdy, both natives of North Carolina, who came when chil dren to this state, and were married in Ala bama, the former of whom fought in the Indian War of 1836, and participated in the battle of Pea River, who became a planter in Pike County, was one of the first sheriffs of the county, was a representative in the State leg islature in 1844 and 1845, and a senator during the sessions of 1853 and 1855, who died in 1862, from the effects of a wound received during his military service; grandson--of Edmund and Nancy (Harrell) Hobdy, the former a native of South Carolina, of Scotch-Irish descent, who was a pioneer of Pike, now Bullock County, where he died about 1848. He was reared on the home plantation and attended the schools of his neighborhood. He was a student of Au burn college at the beginning of the War of Secession, and in April, 1861, was mustered into the C. S. Army at Montgomery for twelve months' service as fourth corporal, Louisville Blues, Seventh Alabama regiment, S. A. M. Woods commanding. His regiment was sta tioned at Pensacola, Fla., for eight months, then was transferred to Bowling Green, Ky. He was in the retreat from that place to Corinth, Miss., where the regiment was disbanded. He re turned home and assisted in raising another company of which he was elected fourth lieu tenant. His company was ordered to Tupelo, Miss., where it was attached to the Thirty-ninth Alabama regiment as Co. H. He served throughout the war In the army of Tennessee, and was badly wounded July 22, 1864, at the battle of Atlanta, Ga. He surrendered at Golds- boro, N. C, April 26, 1865, and at the time of the surrender was captain of his company. After the war, he returned to Pike County, and engaged in planting there for a year. At the end of that time he moved to Macon County DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 821 where he conducted Hobdy's plantation until 1880. He then moved to Union Springs where he occupied a plantation of several hundred acres adjacent to the city. He is an Episco palian and a Mason. Married: in 1867, to Mary Buford, who was bora in Barbour County and educated at Eufaula female college, a daugh ter of Jefferson and Mary Ann Rebecca (White) Buford (q. v.). Children: 1. Robert Long, plan ter, b. January 3, 1870, m. November 30, 1898, at White Plains, Ga., to Mary Peirce Robinson, resides at Union Springs; 2. John Buford (q. v.). Residence: Union Springs. HOBSON, ANNIE, author. Residence: Greensboro. HOBSON EDWIN LAFAYETTE, Confeder ate soldier, was born October 13, 1835, in Greensboro, Hale County, and died November 9, 1901, in Richmond, Va.; son of Matthew and Elizabeth Mary Ann (Mounger) Hobson, the former a native of Halifax County, Va., born March 10, 1782, who moved to Greensboro, where he died January 20, 1851; grandson of Nicholas and Sarah (de Graffenried) Hobson II, and of Edwin and Fanny (Clarke) Mounger, of Wilkes County, Ga.; great-grandson of Nicho las and Agnes Hobson I, of Lunenburg County, Va., of Tscharner and Mary (Baker) de Graf fenried, and of Gen. Elijah and Hannah (Ar rington) Clarke, both of North Carolina, who later resided in Georgia; the former a sol dier in the Revolution; great-great-great-grand son of Baron and Lady Regina (Tscharner) de Graffenried, of Castle Worb, near Berne, Switz erland, the former the landgrave of Carolina, who founded New Berne, N. C, in 1710, and died at Castle Worb, in 1735, the latter, born December 7, 1665, was the daughter of the noble Beat Lewis Tscharner. He was educated in Dr. Henry Tutwiler's school at Green Springs, Greene County, and in the University of Vir ginia. He became a planter in Alabama and later was in business in Richmond, Va. At the outbreak of the War of Secession, he enlisted in the C. S. Army, and was mustered into the service April, 1861, as third lieutenant in Co. D, Fifth Alabama infantry regiment. In May of that year, he was promoted to captain of that company; was commissioned major of the Fifth Alabama in April, 1862; lieutenant-colo nel, October, 1862; colonel of the regiment in 1864; and at the battle of Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864, was made acting brigadier-general of Battle's brigade, which he commanded until the surrender at Appomattox Court House, Va. He was wounded at Chancellorsville, May 2, 1863, and at Spottsylvania Court House, May 10, 1864. He was engaged in ninety-two battles and skirmishes. He was a Democrat and an Episcopalian. Married: November 29, 1865, at Richmond, Va., to Fannie Archer, daughter of Gen. Joseph Reid and Sarah Eliza (Archer) Anderson, the former a native of Botetourt County, Va., born February 16, 1813, who was graduated from West Point as an engineer in 1835, resigned from the U. S. Army in 1838, and located in Richmond, Va., where he became engaged in the manufacture of iron, became owner of the Tredegar iron works of Richmond, Va., where the greater part of the cannon for the Confederacy was made, was commissioned brigadier-general at the beginning of the War of Secession on con dition that he should be recalled from the field when the interests of the Confederacy required that he should give a personal supervision to the government material in the process of manufacture at the Tredegar iron works, and was recalled from the field and assigned to the iron works by Gen. Robert E. Lee, in 1862; granddaughter of William and Anna (Thomas) Anderson, the former a native of Botetourt County, Va., and the latter of Frederick, Md., and of Dr. Robert and Frances (Williamson) Archer, both of Norfolk, Va., the former of the U. S. Army. Children: 1. Edwin Lafayette, jr., physician, Richmond, Va. Last residence: Richmond, Va. HOBSON, JAMES MARCELLUS, public offi cial, was born April 29, 1840, in Rockingham County, N. C; son of Samuel Augustus and Ann (Morehead) Hobson, of North Carolina, who were married in Rockingham County and moved from there to Davy County in 1849, the former a planter who died in 1863, the latter a sister of Gov. John M. Morehead of North Caro lina, and a cousin of both governors of Ken tucky of that name. He was educated at the University of North Carolina, and entered the C. S. Army from Guilford County, N. C, in 1861, enlisting as a private in Co. E, Second North Carolina state troops, and served until the close of the war. He was wounded at Mal vern Hill, at Chancellorsville, and at Spotsyl vania, at which latter place, he was captured by the enemy and held a prisoner until the close of the war, fourteen months. At the time of his capture he was a first lieutenant, and was in immediate line of promotion. After the war, he read law under Chief Justice Pearson of the supreme court of North Carolina, and was ad mitted to the bar in 1867. He came to Ala bama and began the practice of law at Greens boro. In 1871 he was appointed probate judge by Gov. Lindsey, but at the ensuing election was defeated by the Republican candidate. Be fore the end of his term, the successful candi date died, and Mr. Hobson was named for the office by Gov. Houston. He was elected to the office in 1880, and re-elected in 1886, holding the office in all about eighteen years. He was a member of the State legislature in 1876. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Mason; a Knight of the Golden Rule; a prelate in the Knights of Pythias; and a member of the An cient Order of United Workmen. Married: in 1867, at Richmond Hill, Yadkin County, N. C, to Sarah Croom, daughter of Judge Rich mond Mumford and Margaret (Williams) Pearson, the former of whom was for many years chief justice of the supreme court of North Carolina, and was filling that position at the time of his death. Children: four sons and three daughters, among whom are Samuel A., and Richmond Pearson (q. v.). Residence: Greensboro. HOBSON, RICHMOND PEARSON, public official, lecturer, representative in congress, 822 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY was born August 17, 1870, at Greensboro; son of Judge James Marcellus and Sarah Croom (Pearson) Hobson (q. v.). He attended a pri vate school 1878-1882; was a student at South ern university at Greensboro, 1882-1885; was graduated from the U. S. naval academy, 1889; was a student at the Ecole National Superieur des Mines, and a graduate of the Ecole d'Appli- cation du Genie Maritime, at Paris. He re ceived the honorary degree of LL. D. from Southern university, 1906. He was a midship man on a cruise with the White Squadron in the Mediterranean and South Atlantic waters, 1889-1890; was promoted to assistant naval con structor, July 1, 1891; was on duty in the navy department on the bureau of construction and repairs, 1894-1895; on the U. S. flagship "New York," with the North Atlantic squadron, sum mer, 1895; at the navy yard, New York, 1895- 1896; at Newport News, Va., in the construc tion of battleships, 1896-1897; organized and conducted a post-graduate course for officers contemplating the construction corps at the U. S. Naval Academy, 1897-1898; went to sea with the North Atlantic squadron in March, 1898, taking a number of post-graduate students as assistants; served as constructor with the fleet and on the flagship "New York," on block ade duty at the bombardment of Matanzas, April 27, 1898, and at the bombardment of San Juan de Puerto Rico, May 12, 1898; originated and carried out the plan, June 3, 1898, of sink ing the collier "Merrimac" at the entrance,, of Santiago harbor, under fire of the enemy's guns, so that Cervera's escape from the harbor might be impeded or blocked; was taken pris oner with his seven companions and held at Morro castle until exchanged, July 6, 1898; re ceived the thanks of congress for his heroic work, June, 1898; was promoted to the rank of naval constructor, with the relative rank of lieutenant, June 23, 1898; was commissioned inspector, of the Spanish wrecks, August, 1898, and was in charge of the operations to save them for the United States if possible; suc ceeded in saving the "Maria Theresa," in San tiago harbor; was ordered to the Asiatic sta tion, December 15, 1898, and at Hong Kong, China, superintended the repairing and rehabili tation of the three Spanish gunboats, "Isle de Cuba," "Isla de Luzon," and "Don Juan de Austria," raised in Manila, saving the govern ment, after deducting all costs of repairs and reconstruction, three hundred thousand dollars; reported for duty at Washington, D. C, Sep tember, 1900; was placed in charge of the con struction department at Cavite, P. I.; was the special representative of the navy department at the Buffalo exposition, 1901, and at the Charleston exposition, 1901-1902; superintended naval construction at Crescent shipyard, Elizabeth, N. J., May-June, 1902; resigned from the U. S. Navy, February 6, 1903; was presiden tial elector at large from Alabama, 1904; was elected a representative in the Sixtieth, Sixty- first and Sixty-second congresses, 1907-1913; sixth Alabama district lecturer, speaker, writer, advocating American naval supremacy and American leadership in international move ment for peace. He is author of "A Study in the Situation and Outlook in Europe;" "The Disappearing Gun Afloat;" "The Yacht Defen der, and the Use of Aluminum in Marine Con struction;" "The Sinking of the Merrimac," 1900; "America Must Be Mistress of the Seas," 1902; "Paramount Importance of Imme diate Naval Expansion," 1904; "Why America Should Hold Naval Supremacy," 1906; "Buck Jones at Annapolis," 1907; "Diplomacy and the Fleet," 1909; "Arbitration and Armaments," 1908; "In Line of Duty," 1909; "America's War Policy," 1910; "Fortification of the Panama Canal," 1911; "The Great Destroyer (alcohol)," 1911. Married: May 25, 1905, to Grizelda Hous ton Hull, of Tuxedo Park, N. Y. Residence: Greensboro. HODGES, PATRICK WAYLAND, teacher, public school administrator, secretary State board of examiners, and member constitutional convention, 1901, was born January 26, 1872, at Woodville, Jackson County; son of George Robertson and Louisa Loved (Jones) Hodges of Woodville, the former was county commis sioner, postmaster at Woodville, member of the road commission of Jackson County, a private in Co. G, 12th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army; grandson of Pleasant Hodges and wife, the former a native of Vir ginia, who settled first in Madison County, later locating upon a homestead in Jackson County, and of Rufus H. and Mary A. Jones, of Woodville, who located there in 1845, having removed thence from Wake County, N. C. Mr. Hodges was educated in the rural schools of his native county, and at Winchester college and normal school, Winchester, Tenn.; graduating from the latter in 1893. He was editor of the college paper, "The Normal Monitor," and ap peared on annual commencement debates for three successive years, also represented the Ec lectic literary society in declamation for the college medal, and his alma mater conferred the honorary degree of B. S. upon him, 1903, in recognition of his services in the field of educa tion. He did summer work at the University of Chicago, 1900, and at the summer school of the South, Knoxville, Tenn., 1902 and 1904. He en tered upon his profession as teacher and public school administrator, 1893, beginning in the rural schools of North Alabama; teacher ot Latin and mathematics in the Seventh district agricultural school, Albertville, for four years; superintendent of the city schools of Greenville, 1901-11; secretary, State board of examiners, department of education, 1911-17; superintend ent, city schools of Dothan, 1916-19; secretary, certification and placement of teachers, State department of education, 1919-20; member of the constitutional convention, 1901, from the sena torial district composed of Jackson and Mar shall counties; member, Alabama educational association for twenty years, and president of that organization, 1909, and delivered an ad dress urging such educational reforms as health education, compulsory attendance, local tax for public schools and higher qualifications for county superintendents; secretary Alabama education association, 1919. He is a Democrat; Baptist; and a Knight of Pythias. Author: Alabama supplement to "World geographies," DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 823 first book, 8 pages, and to the second book, 64 pages. Married: August 4, 1909, at Albert ville, to Georgia Etta, daughter of James Mar ion and Margaret Howard of that place; grand daughter of Joshua E. and Marina Howard. Children: 1. Margaret Louise; 2. Patrick Wayland, jr.; 3. George Marion. Residence: Montgomery. HODGES, PAUL, lawyer, was born June 2, 1861, at Cartersville, Tishomingo County, Miss.; son of Robert Shattuck and Louisa Augusta (Southall) Hodges, who lived at Cartersville, Miss., tne former a physician, who was born near Carthage, in Smith County, Tenn., and died in 1892; grandson of Robert and Elizabeth Hodges, who lived at Cartersville, Miss., the former a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, who had been a soldier under Gen. Jackson at New Orleans in 1812, was a pioneer citizen of the north eastern part of the state, and was held by the U. S. government as a political prisoner during the War of Seces sion, dying in prison at Alton, 111., in 1862 or 1863, and of Augustus H. and Mary Southall, who lived at Allsboro, Franklin, now Colbert County, the former a native of Amelia Court House, Va., born in 1800, who was a merchant and planter; great-grandson of David Hodges, a pioneer Methodist minister in the Tennessee Valley, who moved from middle Tennessee to Franklin County, near Tuscambia, in 1818, where he resided for many years, finally join ing his sons who had preceded him to Tisho mingo County, Miss., where he died in 1844, and of Turner Holman Southall, of Virginia. The Hodges family came to America from Wales prior to the Revolution, and settled first in Virginia, and later in North Carolina. Mr. Hodges received his early schooling under E. W. Carmack at Jacinto, Miss., and from Prof. W. I. Gibson. He attended the University of Virginia, 1886-1887, and was graduated in the school of constitutional and international law, receiving certificates of distinction in common and statute law. He began the practice of law at Kansas City, Mo., in 1887, and remained there two years. On the development of the Tennessee valley towns of Sheffield and Flor ence, he moved to Florence, and has since re sided and practiced law in that place, with the exception of a few years when he managed the business of the estate of his father, in Missis sippi. He was a member of the city council of Florence, 1901-1902; and was city attorney, 1903-1906. He is a Democrat, served for four years as chairman of the executive committee of Lauderdale County, and was chairman of the congressional committee of the eighth dis trict, 1898-1899. He is an Episcopalian. Mar ried: June, 1900, in Florence, to Susan Key, daughter of W. M. and Susan (Key) Pride, who lived at Pride's Station; grand daughter of John F. Pride, one of the pioneers of the Tennessee Valley, and a large land and slave owner. Children: 1. Charlotte Watson; 2. Jacqueline Thompson; 3. Paul, jr.; 4. Mary Philippa. Residence: Florence. HODGES, S. E., Presbyterian minister; member of the North Alabama presbytery; liv ing in 1913. Residence: Anniston. HODGES, WILLIAM, lawyer, was born Sep tember 9, 1839, at Moulton, Lawrence County, and died October 23, 1886, at Marion, Critten den County, Ark.; son of Fleming and Mar garet (Crayton) Hodges, the former a native of Smith County, Tenn., who lived at Moulton until 1850, then moved to his plantation two miles from Okolona, Chickasaw County, Miss., and served as purchasing agent for supplies for the C. S. Army, from the beginning of the War of Secession until the spring of 1862 when his health failed; grandson of William and Jean nette (Daugherty) Hodges, who lived at Moul ton, the former a native of North Carolina, of Scotch ancestry, who served in 1828 and 1829 in the Alabama legislature and of Thomas and Elizabeth (McDaniel) Crayton, who lived at Mt. Hope, Lawrence County; nephew of Judge Asa Hodges, who served as probate judge of Crittenden County, Ark., throughout the re construction period, was several times a mem ber of both houses of the Arkansas legislature, and represented Arkansas in the Forty-third congress. He was educated at Moulton, at Okolona, Miss., and at Georgetown college, where he was graduated in 1857. He entered the C. S. Army in April, 1861, joining the Prairie Rifles at Okolona, Miss., as a private. The Rifles became Co. C, Eleventh Mississsippi regiment, and participated in many of the early battles of the army of Virginia. In 1862, Mr. Hodges was offered the captaincy of a com pany of infantry forming at Moulton, and was transferred from the army of Virginia to as sume command of that company, which be came Co. F, Sixteenth Alabama infantry regi ment. Capt. Hodges was wounded at the battle of Chickamauga, and was promoted to major while recovering from his wounds, although he was never able to report for duty. After the war, he entered upon the practice of law in Aberdeen, Miss., and was elected to the legis lated of that state from Monroe County, in 1871. Married: in 1862, at Aberdeen, Miss., to Sue, daughter of James G. and Emily F. Randle of Aberdeen, Miss. Mrs. Hodges had three brothers in the C. S. Army, one of whom died in Camp Chase prison in Ohio. Last resi dence: Marion, Ark. HODGSON, JOSEPH, public official, was born about 1838, in Virginia. He was a college grad uate, studied law, and was admitted to the bar. He came to Alabama just before the War of Secession, and soon after the beginning of that war, became a lieutenant in the First cavalry. In 1863 he recruited a regiment, the Seventh Alabama cavalry, and was made its colonel. He led his regiment in Tennessee and in front of Wilson's column of cavalry. After the war, he became a journalist in Montgomery, and in 1870 was elected superintendent of public in struction. He is the author of a "Manual and Statistical Register," and several other works. Married: to Florence Holt, daughter of Dr. Samuel D. Holt of Montgomery County. Chil dren: 1. Telfair, attended the University of Ala- 824 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY bama, was graduated from Georgetown law school, LL. B., 1889, was engaged as custom house clerk, pension examiner, reporter, law yer, editor, insurance agent, seaman, pilot, trader, 1884-1897, was in the Honduras Navy, 1897, in the Costa Rican Navy, 1898, engineer department of Cuba and China, 1899-1901, Ha vana, Cuba; 2. Samuel Holt, physician, at tended the University of Alabama, was gradu ated, M. D., at Mobile, 1887, served as quaran tine officer in the marine hospital service, m. Atlanta, Ga., to Minnie Snodgrass, Vera Cruz, Mexico; 3. Joseph, jr., b. December 25, 1878, clerk for the M. and O. railroad, Mobile. Last residence: Mobile. HODGSON, TELFAIR, professor of moral philosophy, at the University of Alabama, Tus caloosa, 1871-72. He held the A. M. degree. HOFF, GEORGE ATLEE, banker, was born April 7, 1845, at New Albany, Floyd County, and died August 28, 1916, at Albany, Mor gan County; son of John George and Philazania Waltham (Eliot) Hoff, the former who was born in Lancaster, Lancaster County, Pa., lived at New Albany, Ind., where he was a merchant, was a member of the city council, one of the founders of the St. Paul's Episcopal church, moved to Wisconsin in 1863, and engaged in farming, in 1869 went to Waterloo, la., was mer chant, president of the school board, was for twenty-two years a senior warden of St. Mark's Episcopal church and a member of the Inde pendent Order of Odd Fellows. He was influen tial in all civic affairs and his business maxim was that a man's business should be his avoca tion and that hard work is necessary to success. George Atlee Hoff was a grandson of John and Ann Mary (Boyer) Hoff who lived at Lancaster, Pa., the former who was the maker of the famous grandfather clocks which bears his name and was also for many years cashier of the Farmers bank at Lancaster, Pa., and of Harvey Spencer and Martha Eliza (Gallion) Eliot who lived at St. Albany, Ind. The ances tors on the paternal side came from Frankfort- on-Main in the early part of the eighteenth century and located at Lancaster. The mother was a lineal descendant of John Eliot, the apostle to the Indians who came over in the Mayflower, and on her mother's side of the Eng lish families of Howard and Maxwell who set tled in Maryland in the seventeenth century. The brothers and sister of Mr. Hoff were: John E., of Los Angeles, Calif.; Heber, prominent at torney who died several years ago; and Miss Martha E. Hoff of Sherman street, New Decatur. The early education of Mr. Hoff was obtained in the schools of New Albany, Ind., but his studies were interfered with by the outbreak of the War of Secession and when but seventeen years of age, on August 15, 1862, he enlisted in Co. E, Sixty-sixth regiment of Indiana infantry and served with his command through Ken tucky, Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia; was captured five days after his enlistment at Richmond, Ky.; subsequently got back to his command and was assigned to headquarters as corporal; was mustered out of service May 26, 1865. After the war he continued his education attending the University of Michigan and he studied law at the University of Wisconsin, from which latter university he was graduated. From 1869 to 1888 he associated with his father and brother in the mercantile business at Waterloo, la.; moved to New Decatur, now Albany in 1889, and engaged with W. A. Bibb in insurance, real estate and loans; in 1895 the banking house of Bibb and Hoff was established; reorganized in 1902 as the present Morgan County national bank, Mr. Bibb being president and Mr. Hoff cashier. In 1907 Mr. Bibb because of failing health and close confinement, resigned the presidency and was succeeded by Mr. Hoff. At the time of his death, Mr. Hoff was still presi dent of the bank, retiring from active duties about a year previous. In 1892 Mr. Hoff was elected mayor of- New Decatur; was reelected two years later; in 1893 was appointed receiver of the Exchange bank, New Decatur's only banking institution of that day, and a few months later was receiver for the Decatur light, power, and fuel company. He was one of the founders of St. John's Episcopal church. With Mr. Bibb, Judge Robert C. Brickell, Sr., afterward a justice of the state supreme court, C. J. Hildreth, veteran journalist and others, Mr. Hoff incorporated the church and upon the organization of the parish shortly after, was elected treasurer, which position he was holding at the time of his death. He was a Republican; Knight of Pythias; Elk; and a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. Married: June 17, 1879, at Philadelphia, Pa., to Margaret Hoff, daughter of Washington Light and Ann Eliza (Hoff) Atlee; the former who was an eminent physician and surgeon of Lancaster and Philadelphia, first surgeon to be successful in the operation of ovariotomy, professor of medical chemistry at the University of Penn sylvania, and writer of numerous treatises and lectures on surgery; great-granddaughter of Hon. William Augustus Atlee, active Whig dur ing the Revolutionary War and a judge of the supreme court of Pennsylvania from 1777 to 1793 the date of his death, and of Major John Light an officer in the Revolutionary army. Children: 1. Atlee Heber, m. Maude Belle Hen- kel, resides at Albany. Last residence: Albany. HOFFMAN, FRANCIS OTEY, lawyer and legislator, was bora March 4, 1870, at Mobile; son of Samuel J. and Emma Elizabeth (Pierce) Hoffman, the former was a native of Virginia; grandson of Samuel and Frances (Otey) Hoff man, and of Charles and Emma (Swain) Pierce, the former of Salem, Mass., the latter of Devon shire, England; great-grandson of Capt. John Otey, of the Revolutionary War. He was edu cated at Barton academy, Mobile; became a court reporter at Mobile in 1889; was admitted to the bar, 1893; in the same year appointed official stenographer for the courts of Mobile county, and held that position until 1903. He was elected a member of the legislatures of 1903 and 1907, from Mobile County. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: May 5, 1891, to Annie B„ daughter of Samuel and Martha Elizabeth (Edwards) Chapman, both of DR. ARMAND P. SMITH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 827 Marengo County. Children: 1. Annie Carroll; 2. Vivienne L.; 3. Jessie Mary; 4. Francis Otey, jr. Residence: Mobile. HOGAN, ALEXANDER PERRY, merchant, was born September 10, 1828, at Tuscaloosa, and died June 2, 1895, at Tuscaloosa; son of James and Sarah Johnson (Inge) Hogan, who lived at Tuscaloosa, the former a native of Madison County, Ky., was born February 14, 1792, came to Alabama when he was eighteen years of age, and located first in Huntsville, where he was a merchant, and later in Tus caloosa, where he was one of the earliest set tlers, conducted a large mercantile business, was a director of the State bank of Tuscaloosa, and president of the Manufactory company, dying at Tuscaloosa, October 20, 1851; grand son of William and Sarah (Grant) Hogan, who lived in Cumberland Gap, Ky., and were parents of ten children, the former of whom was born June 1, 1750. and died April 2, 1827, and of Richard and Mary (Sturdivant) Inge, the former a native of King and Queen County, Va., who was born in 1754. and died August 13, 1833, at Tuscaloosa, is thought to have been a colonel in the Revolutionary War, the latter a native of Dinwiddie County, Va., was born in 1785 and died December 8, 1848,. at Tuscaloosa. The Inge family is descended from Richard of Knighton, of England, whose son, William Inge of Knighton, had three sons, William, Wright and John. John Inge was born in 1716, and is thought to have come to America at an early day, and to have been the father of Richard Inge. Mr. Hodges was pre pared for college in schools in Tuscaloosa, and attended the University of Alabama for several years. He became a merchant in the early fif ties and continued in that business until 1866, when he moved to Peosta, Iowa, and engaged in farming. He remained in Iowa for seven years, then returned to Tuscaloosa, and during the latter part of his life, was in the insurance business. He served as city tax collector, and city clerk of Tuscaloosa, and as state and county tax collector. During the War of Seces sion, he was connected with Lieut. Hume, in the ordnance department at Tuscaloosa. He was a Democrat; an Episcopalian; and a Mas ter Mason. Married: November 10, 1857, at Tuscaloosa, to Caroline Elizabeth, daugh ter of Henry Adams and Abby (Hazard) Snow, who lived at that place. Children: 1. Abby Hazard, teacher at Orlando, Fla., 1900- 1901, resides at Tuscaloosa; 2. Mary Hogan, Tuscaloosa. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. HOGAN, BENJAMIN RUSH, physician, was born in Newberry District, S. C, and died June 12, 1851, at Mansfield, La.; son of Dr. John and Elizabeth (Gibson) Hogan, the former a native of Newberry but later removed to Geor gia, where he died. The Hogans came from Tipperary, Ireland, some time after the defeat of King James II of England by the Prince of Orange. The Kings, Kornegays and Hogans all took part in that battle. Dr. Hogan received his early education at the hands of a Ver- monter who taught the neighborhood school in Newberry District. Later he graduated from Vol. in— 53 Rutgers college, New Jersey. He studied medi cine in Mobile under private physicians and practiced at that place and at Cahaba. Assisted by Col. W. R. King, he secured an appointment as surgeon during Andrew Jackson's presi dency. He was in the Indian War against Osceola and was a member of the Alabama leg islature when Tuscaloosa was the capital. He was a Democrat; and an Episcopalian. Mar ried at "Chestnut Hill," the King plantation in Dallas County, to Louisa King, daughter of Basil and Tabitha (King) Kornegay of Sampson County. Children: 1. Louisa King Kornegay; 2. William R. King, killed at the age of nineteen in the battle of Chancellors ville; 3. Ida Augusta, m. James Taylor Means; 4. Annie Parrish, m. W. T. Sample, Mansfield, La.; 5. Benjamin Rush, jr., m. Fannie Baker; 6. Bessie, m. C. Lee Williams of Virginia. Last residence: Mansfield. La. HOGAN, CORDELL, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of Mobile County; private, particular service not disclosed; en rolled on March 4, 1831, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $30. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. HOGAN, EDGAR POE, physician, was born November 4, 1872, at Bibbville, Bibb County; son of James and Margaret Elizabeth (Mar shall) Hogan, the former a native of Bibb County, who lived at that place, was a mer chant, and was extensively engaged in the man ufacture of lumber and brick, later moved to Birmingham, served in the C. S. Army as lieutenant of Co. F, Fiftieth Alabama regiment, and was wounded at the battle of Chickamauga ; grandson of Archibald and Jennie (Caffee) Hogan of Bibb County, and of George William and Elizabeth Jane Marshall of Jefferson County; great-grandson of John Hogan, Ten nessee, of Irish descent, of John and Martha (Garrett) Caffee, for whom Caffee's Creek, Bibb County, was named, of Francis and Ann Eliza beth (Howie) Marshall, of Powhattan and New Kent Counties, Va., and of Dr. and Lanie (Brownlee) Davis, who came to Jefferson County from South Carolina. Dr. Hogan at tended the public schools of Bibb and Jeffer son Counties, and was graduated from Howard college, A. B., 1893, and A. M., 1898. He re ceived his professional training at the Bir mingham medical college, at the University of Chicago, at Rush medical college, and at the Harvard medical school. He served as assist ant to Dr. J. D. S. Davis, of Birmingham, June, 1906-June, 1908, at which time he began the active practice of medicine and surgery. He became a member of the board of education of Birmingham, October, 1906, and served con tinuously until April, 1917. He has served as a member of the board of control of the Hill man hospital of Jefferson County, and as su perintendent, gynecologist, and resident sur geon of that institution. He represented Jef ferson County in the State legislature, 1915. He was commandant of the Howard cadet corps, 1897-1906. Dr. Hogan has written a number of 828 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY professional articles and papers, among them "A Discussion of Abdominal and Pelvic Drain age," and "Acute Post-Operative Dilatation of the Stomach." Residence: Birmingham. HOGAN, JOHN BENJAMIN, public official, was born January 22, 1787, in Baltimore, Md., and died May 17, 1845, in Marengo County; son of Edmund and Gertrude (Murry) Hogan. His education was obtained in Baltimore. He was a member of a volunteer corps in Balti more, 1804-1806; of a similar organization in Philadelphia, 1806-1810; was sergeant major in a regiment of militia in Northumberland County, Pa.; and a member of the Ontario Volunteers in the state of New York. At the outbreak of the war with Great Britain in 1812, he entered the U. S. Army as ensign, Twentieth infantry, March 12, 1812, at Fredericksburg, Va. He was promoted to second lieutenant of the same regiment, April 16, 1813; to captain and assistant deputy quartermaster general, June 25, 1814; and was honorably discharged at the reduction of the army, June 15, 1815. He was appointed paymaster of the Seventh U. S. Infantry, April 25, 1817; was transferred to the Fourth infantry, June 10, 1818; and honorably discharged, June 1, 1821. Soon after that time he came to Alabama and located at Tuscaloosa. He was on the staff of Gov. Pickens, and was part of the escort of Lafayette on that gener al's tour of Alabama. Later he moved to Mo bile, and was elected to the State senate from that district, 1829. He was returned to the sen ate in 1832, and declined re-election in 1835. He served in the Alabama militia, 1836, and was appointed by Gen. Jackson as U. S. emi grating agent for the location of Indian re serves in the Creek Nation, 1835-1836. He was collector of the port of Mobile during Van Buren's administration, 1837-1841, and was elected to the State legislature, 1841, serving in that body as chairman of the bank commit tee. He had a distinguished Masonic career attended with high honors. Married: (1) July 1813, in Milton, Northumberland County, Pa., to Sarah, who was born December 13, 1788, daughter of Bethuel and Martha (Him- rod) Vincent, sister of John H. Vincent, who came to Alabama prior to 1812, and was living at Tuscaloosa in 1832, at the time his son, Bishop J. H. Vincent was born; (2) to Mrs. Maria Tillinghast, who survived him. Chil dren, not including several who died young: 1. Anne M., b. 1814, in Pennsylvania, m. G. H. Byard, cashier of the Bank of Mobile, and had three children, among them Anne M., m. Wil liam H. Roberts, and left surviving her, Byard Roberts of Swift, and Mrs. G. E. Gavin of Chi- cora, Miss.; 2. Amelia E., b. August 12, 1820, m. February 23, 1842, to Oliver S. Beers, sr., who died November 10, 1882, and had eight children, all of whom are dead save Miss E. G. Beers of Mobile, and Harris W. Beers of New Orleans, one son O. S. Beers, jr., deceased, m. Dora Bragg, daughter of Judge John Bragg of Mo bile, and niece of Gen. Braxton Bragg, and left a son, John Bragg Beers, who with his mother resides in Montgomery; 3. John B., jr., b. 1825, d. December 10, 1853, m. Georgie Owen, daugh ter of Col. George W. Owen of Mobile, and had two sons, one of whom, Oliver Beers, resides in Mobile; 4. Sarah Vincent, b. 1826, in Mobile, m. Rev. William Meikle, a Presbyterian minis ter of Ayr, Scotland, and had two sons, Thomas Hamilton Meikle, a surgeon in the British Navy, and William Byard Meikle, of Omaha, Neb.; 5. Lucy Beverly, b. 1829, d. July 27, 1857, m. Thomas A. Hamilton of Mobile, son of the Rev. William Hamilton, and left sur viving her Thomas A., jr., and Amelia Hogan, m. William M. Gailliard. Last residence: Mo bile. HOGAN, SAMUEL M., physician, was born in 1838, at Talladega; son of James A. and Vir ginia C. (Tarrant) Hogan, natives of Kentucky, of Scotch-Irish descent, the former of whom was a merchant. He received his early educa tion at Talladega, and attended medical lec tures at Nashville, Tenn., in the session of 1856- 1857. At the beginning of the War of Seces sion, he enlisted in the C. S. Army as a private, joining Co. F, Fifty-first Alabama cavalry; was later promoted to surgeon; and was on post and hospital duty until the close of the war. After the war, he began the practice of medi cine at Union Springs, and in 1873 was gradu ated from the medical department of the Uni versity of Louisville, Kentucky. He was a member of the International medical congress which met at Washington, D. C, September, 1887; is a member of the County medical so ciety and the State medical association, hav ing been president of the former and councilor of the latter; and is president of the county board of censors. He is a permanent member of the American medical association, and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. Married: in 1865, to Sallie T., daugh ter of Thornton M. and Ann E. (McLamare) Baugh, of Chambers County. Residence: Union Springs. HOGG, ALEXANDER, professor of mathe matics at the Alabama polytechnic institute, Auburn, 1872-74. He held the A. M. degree. HOGUE, CYRUS D., lawyer, was born De cember 7, 1848, in Perry County, near Scott's Station; son of John Hogue, a native of Perry County, who married a Miss Wallace, a native of South Carolina, and lived until his death in 1870 in Perry County. His paternal grand father was one of the pioneers of Perry County. The Hogues are of Scotch-Irish descent, and the Wallaces came originally from Scotland. He was educated at Howard college, the Uni versity of Alabama, and at Washington and Lee university, Virginia; began the study of law with Judge Powhattan Lockett, at Marion, 1872; was admitted to the bar; practiced law in Perry County; was elected to the State legislature from that county, 1882, and was suc cessively returned, 1884-1885, and 1886-1887; was chairman of the committee on federal rela tions and a member of the committee on edu cation during his first session in the legisla ture; a member of the judiciary committee and the committee on education, rules, etc., during the session of 1884-1885 ; and chairman of the committee on privileges and elections, and DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 829 a member of the judiciary committee, the com mittee on rules and the committee on peniten tiary during his last term. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; and a Knight of Honor. Mar ried: May, 1872, at Marion, to Mary A., daughter of Gen. W. R. Brown, of Marion. Children: three sons. Residence: Marion. HOGUE, WILLIAM FRANCIS, lawyer, was born February 5, 1853, near Marion, Perry County; son of John and Elizabeth Matilda (Wallace) Hogue, of Perry County. The Hogues are from North Carolina and the Wal laces from South Carolina. He received his •early education in the country schools and was graduated from Washington and Lee uni versity, A. B., 1873. He studied law; was ad mitted to the bar; and since 1878 has been en gaged in the active practice of his profession at Marion. He served in the lower house of the State legislature from Perry County, 1880- 1881, 1888-1889, and 1900-1901; served as mayor of Marion, 1892; and as State senator, 1894 and 1902. He is a Democrat and a Presbyterian. Married: November 16, 1881, near Greensboro, to Julia Helen, daughter of William and Jen nie (Waugh) Lavender, of Hale County. Chil dren: 1. Elizabeth Legare; 2. William Laven der. Residence: Marion. HOKE, DANIEL, pioneer citizen and an cestor, on the maternal line, of the Alabama Forneys. HOLCOMBE, A. J., clerk of the Alabama Bap tist State convention of 1829-41, inclusive. HOLCOMBE, EDWARD P., lieutenant colo nel, 17th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. HOLCOMBE, HOSEA, Baptist minister, was born July 20, 1780, in Union District, S. C, and died July 20, 1841, at Jonesboro; son of Hosea H. and Phoebe (Smith) Holcombe; grandson of John Holcombe, who was born in Prince Ed ward County, Va., in 1720. He was reared as a planter, was licensed as a Baptist minister in 1801, and began to preach in upper South Carolina. He preached in that state, 1801-1811; in North Carolina, 1811-1819; then moved to Alabama and preached in Jefferson County, 1819-1841. He was the first Baptist leader in the state and preached in every settled part of it. He organized nearly all of the churches for miles around where he lived, and established them on a sound basis; established associa tions and was one of the founders of the state convention, over which he presided. More than any other man in the state he withstood the anti-missionaries. He wrote a number of con troversial pamphlets, compiled a hymn-book, and wrote a history of the Baptists of Alabama down to 1840. He passed his ministry as pas tor of a number of churches and as a mission ary evangelist. He died at his home in 1841, and was buried on his farm in Jonesboro. His son, William Hosea Holcombe, a Baptist preacher in Mississippi from 1832 to 1867, died in Ripley, Miss., in the latter year. Another of his sons was also a Baptist minister. Last residence: Jonesboro. HOLLAND, CHARLES, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 76, and a resident of Tus caloosa County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled Sn-,^ooy 2' 1833' under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831- annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240.— Revolutionary Pen sion Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong.. 1st sess., 1833-34. HOLLAND, JACOB, soldier of the American Revolution, came from South Carolina, and is buried at Hebron churchyard, in Greene County. The following is the inscription on his tomb: Sacred to the memory of JACOB & SARAH HOLLAND Jacob departed this life Oct. 1st, 1852, Aged 91 years Sarah May 13th, 1851, Aged 87 years. — Mrs. P. H. Mell, in Alabama Historical So ciety, Transactions, vol. iv, p. 544. HOLLAND, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 68, and a resident of Sumter County; private S. C. State Troops; enrolled on April 17, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong 1st sess., 1833-34. s HOLLAND, THOMAS, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Limestone County; private S. C. Militia; en rolled on June 13, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $76.66; sums re ceived to date of publication of list, $229.98. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He re sided in Limestone County, June 1, 1840, aged 78. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. HOLLINGSHEAD, BENJAMIN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 72, and a resi dent of Bibb County; private N. C. State Troops; enrolled on March 5, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $40; sums received to date of publication of list, $100. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, part 3, vol. xiii Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HOLLINGSWORTH, W. T., superintendent of education of Chambers County; Presbyterian minister of the East Alabama presbytery. Res idence: Lafayette. HOLLIS, ACKLIN UPRIGHT, farmer, sheriff representative in the legislature, was born June 11, 1865, at Moscow, Lamar County; son of Daniel William and Margaret (Miller)' Hoi- 830 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY lis, the former served as orderly sergeant in the 16th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, was twice wounded, represented Lamar County in the legislature two terms, and died at Sulligent in 1902; grandson of Darrill Up right and Mary Elizabeth (Goodwin) Hollis. He was educated in the public schools of Lamar County; was sheriff of that county, 1900-1907; mayor of Sulligent, 1908-1914; and was a member of the house of representatives of 1919, from Lamar County. He is a Demo crat; Methodist; and Mason. Married: Octo ber 4, 1887, to Fannie Elizabeth, daughter of Peter and Caroline (Knowlton) Lowe, who lived at Cherry Valley, N. Y.; great-grand daughter of Peter Lowe, who came from Hol land, and served as first lieutenant, in Capt. Jacob Ten Eyck's company, 1st battalion, Som erset County militia, during the War of the Revolution. Children: 1. Knowlton Lowe, served with 47th regiment coast artillery corps, A. E. F.; 2. Peter Miller. Residence: Sulli gent. HOLLIS, JOHN DORMAN, business man, was born June 29, 1874, near Moscow, Lamar County; son of Daniel William and Sophronia (Guy ton) Hollis, the former a native of Mos cow, Marion County, who lived at that place until the War of Secession, served in Co. K, Sixteenth Alabama regiment, and received two wounds at the battle of Murfreesboro, and represented Sanford County in the State leg islature; grandson of Derrill U. and Mary (Goodwin) Hollis, who moved from Spartan burg, S. C, to Moscow, the former who repre sented Marion County in the State legisla ture in 1831, 1832, 1833, 1834, 1838, and 1863, and of John E. and Sarah (Kennedy) Guyton, who moved from Spartanburg, S. C, to Tip per County, Miss., in 1845. Mr. Hollis at tended the country schools of Lamar County, and was graduated from West Alabama agri cultural school in 1898, receiving the first diploma issued by the school and the only one issued that year. He taught as principal in the Sulligent academy, 1898-1899; taught at Pocahontas, Walker County, September 1, 1899; became store manager of the Gilreath coal and iron company; and later of the Pratt consolidated coal company. He has studied mining and holds a first class mine foreman's certificate; is a justice of the peace; a Demo crat; a Methodist; a Royal Arch Mason; an Odd Fellow; and a Knight of Pythias. Mar ried: June 26, 1902, at Littleton, Jefferson County, to Mertie L., daughter of John Sid ney and Mary (Morgan) Waldrop, who lived near Jasper. Children: 1. lone; 2. Dorman W.; 3. Paul Edd; 4. Mary Kate; 5. John Sidney; 6. Ruth. Residence: Quinton. HOLLIS, JONATHAN SHELTON, physician and legislator, was born May 6, 1856, at Vernon, Lamar County; son of Jonathan and Barbara (Weel) Hollis, the former born and reared in South Carolina. He was educated in the com mon schools of Tennessee, and graduated, 1882, from the Alabama medical college, Mobile. He is a physician and has practiced his profession since 1880. He was a member of the house of representatives from Fayette County, 1901. He is a Populist; and a Baptist. Married: March 8, 1888, in Lamar County, to Annie M. Black. Residence: Covin. HOLLIS, TYREE JOSEPHUS, lawyer, was born December 3, 1875, at Silas, Choctaw Coun ty; son of James Harvey and Mattie Ann (Hen drix) Hollis, the former a native of Havana, Hale County, who lived at that place and served in the C. S. Army; grandson of Tyree and Elizabeth (Lavender) Hollis, of Havana, the former an emigrant from South Carolina, and of Dr. Jesse Jones and Vernon Ann (Fon- ' taine) Hendrix, of Choctaw County; great- grandson of Montgomery Denzil Hollis, who came from England to South Carolina, and of William Murray De La Fontaine, who came from France to New England, and served in the War of 1812. Mr. Hollis received his early education in the schools of Choctaw County and in the Mobile district high school. He was graduated from the State normal college at Troy, Ph. B., 1903; studied law; and located at Butler in the practice of his profession. He represented Choctaw County in the State legis lature in 1911. He is a Democrat; Methodist- Mason; and Woodman of the World. Married- October 22, 1905, at Eclectic, Elmore County, to Alma, daughter of John Hosea and Mattie (Howard) Chrietzberg, of Eclectic. Children- 1, Harvey Fontaine; 2. Tyree Chrietzberg. Residence: Butler. HOLLOWAY, DAVID ANDREW, general agent life insurance company, was born July 28, 1885, at Monroeville; son of Charles James and Mary Tucker (Robertson) Holloway, the former a planter of Monroeville, who was born at Pine Apple; grandson of Jefferson L. and Nancy Holloway, of Pine Apple, and of John W. and Nancy Mae Robertson, of Camden. He was educated in the public schools of Monroe ville and began his business career at the age of sixteen. At that Oate he entered the office of James S. Willcox, manager for the State of Alabama of the Mutual life insurance com pany, as clerk. A few years later he was pro moted to cashier in the manager's office. Next he became district manager for the Mutual life insurance company, of New York, and on March 1, 1917, he was appointed general agent of the New England mutual life insurance company, of Boston, Mass. He is a Democrat; Episcopa lian; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: Feb ruary 20, 1913, in Montgomery, to Louise, daughter of Col. William Hayne and Louise (Bankhead) Perry, the former a lawyer of Greenville, S. C, graduate of Harvard univer sity, 1856, served in the War of Secession in Brook's troop of cavalry, participated in the chief battles fought by the Army of Northern Virginia, served in the state legislature, and a member of congress in 1884 and lg86; grand daughter of Senator John Hollis Bankhead (q. v.), and of Gov. Benjamin Franklin and Eliza beth Frances (McCall) Perry, the former a na tive of South Carolina, admitted to the bar in 1827, editor "Greenville Mountaineer," 1832, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 831 member South Carolina legislature, 1835-43, state senator, 1844-46, district attorney and dis trict judge during the War of Secession, ap pointed provisional governor by President Johnson in 1865, filling this office for six months, elected to the U. S. Senate in 1866, but was not permitted to take his seat, and author of "Reminiscences of public men," 1883; great- granddaughter of Benjamin and Anne (Foster) Perry, the former of Virginia who entered the Continental Army at the age of sixteen, after wards went to Charleston, S. C, and later to Greenville, S. C, of Hext and Susan Branford (Hayne) McCall, the latter the niece of Robert Y. Hayne, governor and U. S. senator; great- great-granddaughter of Lieut. John Foster, of Virginia, an officer in the Continental Army, of Hext McCall, and William and Elizabeth (Per- riman) Hayne; great-great-great-granddaughter of John and Martha (Hext) McCall, the latter a native of England, who came to America with her parents and married, and of Abram and Susan (Branford) Hayne. Children: 1 . Mary Louise. Residence: Montgomery. HOLLOWAY, JOSEPH LEE, lawyer, was born January 6, 1871, at Mt. Hilliard, Bullock County; son of John David and Georgia Hastle- tine (Brundidge) Holloway, the former of whom was born near Union Springs, December 5, 1846, and lived at Mt. Hilliard as a boy, enlist ing in the C. S. Army from that place when fifteen years of age, and becoming a member of Co. H, under Capt. McKenzie, Hilliard's Le gion. He was educated in the common schools at Mt. Hilliard and Geneva, and at Highland Home school in 1887. He attended Southern university at Greensboro for some time, and was graduated from the law school of the Uni versity of Alabama, LL. B., 1893. He began the practice of law in Montgomery in the spring of 1894, and has continued his profession in that place. He was a member of the city council of Montgomery in 1905 and 1906. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a thirty-second degree Mason; grand chancellor of the Knights of Pythias of Alabama, 1911-1912; and is president of the Rotary Club of Montgomery. Married: October 29, 1895, at Tuscaloosa, to Annie May, daughter of J. A. and Nonie (Eddins) Ogburn, who lived at Tuscaloosa. Children: 1. Annie Lee; 2. Joseph Ogburn; 3. Lenore; 4. Ruth. Residence: Montgomery. HOLMAN, HENDERSON LOONEY, phy sician, graduate of the Memphis, Tenn., med ical college, 1898; licensed to practice the same year. Residence: Ozark. HOLMES, DAVID, governor of Mississippi Territory, was born March 10, 1769, at Mary Ann Furnace, York County, Pa., died August 20, 1832, at Jordon's Sulphur Springs, Va., and is buried in Winchester, Va.; son of Col. Joseph Holmes and wife, who was a Miss Hun ter, the former a native of Ireland who emi grated to America at an early age, served in the Revolutionary Army as a commissary with the rank of colonel, removed to Winchester, Va., where he became a merchant; grandson of Col. David Hunter of Berkley County, Va. Governor Holmes spent some years in his father's store before taking up the study of law. He practiced first in Harrisburg, Pa., and later in Virginia. He was representative from Virginia in the fifth to tenth congresses, 1797-1809; was appointed governor of Missis sippi Territory, March 7, 1809; elected first governor of the State of Mississippi, serving October 7, 1817, to January 5, 1820; elected to succeed Walter Leake as U. S. senator from Mississippi, serving from August 30, 1820, to September 25, 1825. He resigned and was again elected governor of Mississippi, but was forced to resign in 1827, on account of ill health when he returned to Winchester, Va. Last resi dence: Winchester, Va. HOLMES, HILARY HERBERT, educator and State senator, was born November 12, 1882, at Tensaw; son of Thomas Galphin and Lu cinda Vaughan (Bryars) Holmes, the former a member of the 15th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army; grandson of Dr. Thomas Galphin, sr., and Elizabeth (Weakley) Holmes (q. v.), the former came to what is now Ala bama early in the 19th century and settled in the northern part of Baldwin County, serving in the Creek Indian War, and of Hon. Red Berry and Sarah (Fickling) Bryars; great-grandson of John Holmes, a native of Ireland, and of George P. Weakley, one of the surveyors who assisted in laying out Mississippi and Alabama; great- great-grandson of George Galphin, of Silver Bluff, S. C. He was educated by tutors and in the public school of Tensaw; graduated Ph. B., 1904, from the State normal school at Troy; student University of Alabama; and graduated from Columbia university, where he received the degree of B. S., 1910, A. M., 1912, and Ph. D. in 1913. He taught in Alabama schools a num ber of years; was instructor in the New York .training school for teachers in 1913. While principal of Geneva County high school he began the movement to humanize education by the introduction of vocational pursuits, and read a paper on this subject before the Alabama education association, 1912. He instituted the "loan fund" of the Troy normal school. Mr. Holmes was elected to the State senate from the 21st district in 1914, and on August 14, 1915, was appointed president of the Daphne state normal school, and has been re-elected successively since that time. He is a Demo crat; a Baptist; Knight of Pythias; Mason; a member of the Order of the Eastern Star; and of the Acacia and Phi Delta Kappa college fra ternities. Married: June 3, 1915, at Princeton, Ind., to Christine, daughter of James Hamilton and Anna (Ward) Warnock, the former a planter and banker. Residence: Daphne. HOLMES, JAMES H, planter, merchant, legislator and captain, C. S. Army, was born in 1838, in Sumter County; son of Thomas N. and Margaret (Hall) Holmes, natives of North Carolina, who came when very young to Ala bama; grandson of Gabriel Holmes, a member of congress and once governor of the "old North State;" brother of Gov. Theodore Holmes. The family was of Irish descent. He was edu cated at the neighborhood schools, and later 832 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY attended the junior class of Summerfield col lege until April 1861. He Joined Co. G, Fifth, Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, the first company to leave Sumter County, and serv ed in the Virginia army, taking part in the battles of Seven Pines, Mechanicsville, Cold Harbor, Malvern Hill, Spottsylvania Court House, the Wilderness, and South Mountain, at which latter point he was captured, and for two months imprisoned at Fort Delaware. Later he fought at Sharpsburg, Gettysburg, and around Petersburg. He was appointed second lieutenant and at the battle of Winches ter was promoted captain and commanded his company until the close of the war. After the war he engaged in merchandising and was a member of the firm of McGowen and Holmes. In 1871-72 he served in the general assembly as member of the committee on military af fairs, agriculture, and on corporations. He was a Mason. Married: in 1866, to Fannie M., daughter of Solomon and Ann Ward, the latter a native of Greene County. Children: six child ren were born of this union. Last residence: Cuba, Sumter County. HOLMES, JOHN AUSTIN, lawyer, was born December 29, 1848, at Lawrenceville, Gwinnett County, Ga.; son of Vivian and Olivia (Winn) Holmes, the former who removed to Georgia, serving as a member of the home guard during the War of Secession and participating in the engagements around Savannah and Atlanta; grandson of David Holmes and wife, of Virginia, and of Elisha Winn and wife, of Lawrenceville, Ga., great-grandson of John Holmes, a Revolu tionary soldier from Virginia. The Holmes family was originally from England. Mr. Holmes received his early education in the public schools of La Grange, Ga. While a student at the Georgia military institute, he enlisted in the C. S. Army, joining Captain Henry Holmes' troop of the Eighth Confederate cavalry. From 1868-1871 he taught school in Chambers County. At the same time, he began reading law, and was admitted to the bar in 1871; practiced his profession at Lafayette, from 1871-1883; editor of the Lafayette "Reporter," 1876-78; and was mayor of that city, 1875-1880. In 1887 he re moved to Wetumpka, Elmore County, serving as a member of the state and county executive committees from this county. He represented Elmore County in the State legislature, 1919. He is a Methodist; a Democrat; a Mason; an Odd Fellow; and a Knight of Pythias. Mar ried: (1) in 1870, at Lafayette, to Patte, daughter of Nathan and Sarah Marable, of Lafayette; (2) in 1883, in Autauga County, to Mrs. Belle Suttle, daughter of Evan and Isa belle Presley, of Autauga County; (3) in 1887, in Elmore County, to Sarah Bernice Presley, sister of his second wife. Children: by first marriage: 1. Eugene A., m. Julia Manning; 2. Lula Kathleen, m. H. B. Peacock; 3. John A., jr.; by second marriage: 4. Florrie Presley, m. Henry B. Loeb; by third marriage: 5. Lessie V., m. F. L. Waldrop; 6. Sadie Vivian, m. C. L. Lanier. Residence: We tumpka. HOLMES, SIBLEY, physician; was born March 5, 1873, at Tensaw, Baldwin County; son of Origen Sibley and Nannie (Boyles) Holmes, both of Tensaw, the former who served four years in the C. S. Army, was a member of the State legislature in 1872, and practiced medicine for thirty years; grandson of Thomas Galphin and Mary E. (Weakley) Holmes (q. v.), of Tensaw, the former who was in the Fort Mims Massacre, August 30, 1813, and of James M. and Eliza Boyles, of the same place. Representative Holmes was educated in the Baldwin County schools, and at the University of Alabama, med ical department, receiving the degree of doctor of medicine in 1895. With four other doctors, Dr. Holmes was sent to Spanish Honduras to fight yellow fever. He remained at this post for one year. Later he passed the medical ex aminations at Torreon, Mexico, being selected division surgeon to the Mexican central rail road. After a short stay in Mexico, he re moved to Texas, passed the Texas medical ex aminations, and practiced for a short while in Houston. Since then he has practiced at Tensaw, Finchburg and Foley. He is also inter ested in farming, milling and the mercantile business; and was elected to represent Bald win County in the legislature, 1919. He is a Methodist; a Mason; a Knight of Honor; a Shriner; and an Eastern Star. Married: (1) January 26, 1896, at Finchburg, to Irene, who died June 8, 1901; (2) August 5, 1903, at Finchburg, to Maiben, both daughters of John Bonner and Kittie (Maiben) Williams, of the same place; granddaughter of Dr. Robert Mai ben, of Monroe County. The Maibens came from Cork, Ireland. Children: 1. Origen Sib ley, volunteered in U. S. Army, May 11, 1917, assigned to Co. B, 167th infantry, Rainbow di vision, later transferred to intelligence depart ment, Headquarters company, 167th infantry; 2. Amilie Reeves; 3. William Coghlan. Resi dence: Foley. HOLMES, THOMAS GALPHIN, physician, was born in 1780, at Silver Bluff, S. C, and died at Tensaw, Baldwin County, 1852; son of John Holmes and wife, Miss Galphin, the former a native of Ireland who came to the colonies about the time of the struggle for independence and engaged in the fur trade with George Galphin, whose daughter he married, and who ' loaded to the colonial congress $20,000.00, to wards equipping the fleet of John Paul Jones, and loyal throughout to the cause of independ ence. Dr. Holmes received his academic edu cation in the old field schools, under private tutors, and read medicine under practicing physicians. He migrated from his native state to Alabama, which was at that time, about 1800, a part of the Mississippi Territory, and settled in the Tensaw neighborhood, now Baldwin County, where he practiced his pro fession for fifty-two years. He was in the serv ice of the United States as assistant surgeon in the Creek Indian and War of 1812. In pol itics he was a staunch "Jeffersonian Republi can," and a Baptist by profession of faith, al though never connected with the church. Although a student he was never an author, ROBERT HENRY PEARSON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 835 though through his love of history he assisted Pickett in collecting data for certain chapters of his history of Alabama. Married: January 4, 1820, in Monroe County, to Elizabeth, daugh ter of George P. and Elizabeth Weakley, of South Carolina. Children: 1. Sarah Margaret; 2. George Weakley; 3. Mary Elizabeth, m. Henry Ausphrea Hand; 4. Thomas Galphin, jr., m. Lucinda Vaughn Byars; 5. Hannah Eliza beth; 6. Martha Julia; 7. William Ervin; 8. Origin Sibley, m. Nannie Boyles, Finchburg, Monroe County. Last residence: Tensaw, Bald win County. HOLT, BARRIE LUCIEN, capitalist, planter, and financier, was born December 24, 1858, in Montgomery, and died October 27, 1911, at his country home near Pickett Springs; son of James Lord and Olive (Snow) Holt, the former of Exeter, and the latter of Jackson, Me. He was educated in the private schools of Mont gomery and graduated from Worcester acad emy, Worcester, Mass., in 1875. He entered at the age of seventeen the D. M. Snow hard ware company, Montgomery, and in 1884 be came a partner in the business. After the death of his uncle he sold his interests in the firm which then became the Snow-Tullis hard ware company. In 1886, Gov. Edward A. O'Neal appointed him quartermaster general, Alabama national guard, with rank of colonel on the governor's staff. Each succeeding governor re appointed him to the same position, until the inauguration of Gov. Emmet O'Neal, when he was placed on the retired list with the rank of brigadier-general. He performed active service during the Hawes riot in Birmingham, and was with the Alabama national guard dur ing the Spanish-American War, but did not see active service. He was one of the original organizers of the Prattville cotton mills and owned two-thirds of it. Colonel Holt also se cured the franchise from the city for the con struction of the Montgomery traction company. He owned in Montgomery and outlying dis tricts a great deal of real estate and was con nected with many business interests. He was an Episcopalian and a Mason. Married: June 10, 1879, in Montgomery, to Louise, daughter of Benjamin Franklin and Mary Theresa (Cook) Noble, the former a native of Wilming ton, N. C, the latter of La Grange, Ga., both residents of Montgomery. Children: 1. Mary, m. Robert Lee Harmon (q. v.) ; 2. Ethel, d. in infancy; 3. Olive, d. in infancy; 4. Dan Snow, m. Caradell Schuesslar; 5. Mittie, m. J. Michel Nicrosi. Last residence: Montgomery. HOLT, CHARLES, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 72, and a resident of Blount County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on Octo ber 29, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; an nual allowance, $28.33; sums received to date of publication of list, $84.99. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Blount County, June 1, 1840, aged 78. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. HOLT, EDWARD ROWELL, planter and clerk circuit court, was born January 25, 1833, in Richmond, Ga., and died November 2, 1904, in Montgomery; son of Judge William White and Mary Arinton (Ware) Holt, the former a native of Campbell County, Va., who later lived in Augusta, Ga., a commissioned officer in the War of 1812; grandson of William and Lucy (Saunders) Holt of Virginia, later of Augusta, and of Joseph and Mary (Dawson) Ware, na tives respectively, of Augusta and Richmond County, Ga. Mr. Holt was educated in the com mon schools; removed to Montgomery County and devoted himself to planting; and later he held the office of clerk of the circuit court of that county. He was a member of Hilliards' Legion, C. S. Army, for a short time in 1862, but because of poor health was given the ap pointment of commissary agent in Montgomery County for the remainder of the war. He was an old line Whig but became a Democrat after the war; a Methodist; Mason; and member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Mar ried: April 2, 1857, to Mary Augusta, daughter of Dr. Carnot and Sarah Bozier (Hails) Bel linger (q. v.). Children: William Carnot, m. Sallie Blount Fannin; 2. Sallie Bozier, m. James Bethune Allen; 3. Mary Ware; 4. Au gusta; 5. Elbert Augustus, long a planter and business man, but is now secretary of the Scot tish Rite masonic bodies of Montgomery, m. (1) Nancy Fannin Copeland, and (2) Elizabeth Calloway Moore, sister of George Fleming Moore (q. v.) ; 6. Edward Rowell, jr., m. Eliza beth Ellis Agnew, both members of Confederate patriotic organizations, and the latter secretary of the Ladies Memorial Association of Mont gomery; 7. Mary Bellinger. Last residence: Montgomery. HOLT, JOHN H, major and later lieutenant colonel, 1st battalion, Hilliard's Alabama legion, C. S. Army. HOLT, JOSEPH MARION, farmer and busi ness man, was born November 10, 1858, in Chambers County; son of Henry Munday and Mary Ann Eliza (Bass) Holt, who lived in Chambers County. He was educated in the com mon schools of his native county; farmed until 1890, when he entered the real estate and in surance business in Girard, where he now con tinues; was public school trustee of Girard, 1896-1901; alderman three terms, and a repre sentative of Russell County in the general as sembly of 1901. He is a Democrat; and a Bap tist in belief although he belongs to no church. Married: March, 1880, at West Point, Ga., to Rosa Lee Summergill. Residence: Girard. HOLT, LAURA (HALL), patriotic worker, was a sister of Boiling Hall (q. v.). She was one of the charter members of the Ladies' so ciety for the burial of deceased Alabama Con federate soldiers, later changed to the Ladies' Memorial association. Married: Dr. Samuel D. Holt (q. v.). Last residence: Montgomery. HOLT, MARK HARRISON, Methodist min ister, was born May 23, 1860, near Oak Bow ery, Lee County; son of Rev. J. S. and Eliza (Johnson) Holt, the former a Methodist minis ter; grandson of Thomas D. Holt, a native of 836 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY South Carolina who located in Lee County, and of Dempsey Johnson; great-grandson of Mark S. Andrews of Lee County, and great-nephew of Dr. Mark S. Andrews of the Alabama con ference. He was educated in the public schools, and joined the Alabama conference, December, 1889; was ordained deacon by Bishop O. P. Fitzgerald and elder by Bishop Duncan. He has served charges at Belle's Landing cir cuit; Smith's Station circuit; Lowndesboro; Clayton St. church, Montgomery; Jackson; Mo bile district; Montgomery district; Troy sta tion; First Methodist church, Pensacola; Selma district; Court St. church, Montgomery. He has served on a number of important boards of the Alabama conference; member of the board of trustees, Woman's college, Montgom ery, since its organization and was for five years president of the board; member of the board of education of the conference; past- chairman board of mission. Married: (1) at Wetumpka, to Willie Gaines, (2) to Carrie Lew is, daughter of Frank Gilmer and Alice (Bar ton) Browder, of Montgomery. Children: by the first wife, 1. Eloise Eliza, deceased; 2. Mary Cliff, m. C. D. Herrin, Tallassee. Residence: Montgomery. HOLT, SAMUEL DOAK, physician and mayor of Montgomery, was born October 14, 1803, at Elberton, Elbert County, Ga., and died April 23, 1863, at Montgomery; son of Dr. Wil liam and Lucy (Saunders) Holt, the former a native of Louisa County, Va., who later lived in Tennessee and Georgia, and surgeon in the Revolutionary Army; grandson of John and Edith (Brewer) Holt also of Louisa County, and of Thomas and Elizabeth Saunders of Han over Court House, Va.; great-grandson of Joseph Holt, one of the three brothers, John, Joseph and William Holt, born in London, and immigrated to Virginia in 1665 or 1670, landing at Hog Island at the mouth of the James River. Mr. Holt graduated in medicine at the South Carolina medical college, Charleston, and lo cated in. Montgomery, in 1827, where he prac ticed his profession for nearly forty years. He was mayor of Montgomery in 1837; captain of the Montgomery Guards, and in 1836 was major of the regiment that served in the Creek Indian War. He was a Whig and a Methodist. Married: in 1830, in Autauga County, Laura, daughter of Boiling and Jane (Abercrombie) Hall (q. v.). Children: 1. Mary Elizabeth, m. Lewis C. Jurey, of New Orleans, La.; 2. Wil liam Boiling, m. Ada E. Holt; 3. Samuel Elbert, m. Ellen Gaines; 4. Laura Hall, m. William R. Pickett; 5. Florence, m. Joseph Hodg son, (q. v.); 6. Charles Abercrombie, m. Melanie Weeks, of Galveston, Texas; 7. Boiling Hall, m. Fanny Golson; 8. Frank Saunders, m. Mary Brantley. Last residence: Montgomery. HOLTZCLAW, JAMES THADEUS, lawyer, brigadier general, C. S. Army, and railroad commissioner, was born December 17, 1832, at McDonough, Henry County, Ga., and died July 18, 1893, at Montgomery; son of Elijah and Elizabeth (Bledsoe) Holtzclaw, the former born near Washington, Wilkes County, Ga., but who later removed to Chambers, and still later to Coosa County, was a farmer by occupation, who served in the Mexican War, and who died in 1867; grandson of Timothy and Rhoda (Gra ham) Holtzclaw of Wilkes County, Ga., and of John and Martha (Morton) Bledsoe. He was the great-great-grandson of Jacob Holtzclaw who came to America in 1714, from Miisen, Bavaria, through the efforts of Baron Chris topher de Graffenreid, at the suggestion of Gov. Alexander Spottswood of Virginia, and who set tled in the fork of the Rappahannock River, in what is now Fauquier County. His will was probated February 29, 1760. General Holtz claw received his academic education at the Presbyterian high school at Lafayette, and at the East Alabama institute. He was appointed to West Point military academy in 1853 but did not enter the institution. He began the study of law, in the office of Elmore and Yancey, in December, 1853, and was admitted to the bar in 1855. He practiced law in Mont gomery from this date, with the exception of the period of the war, until his death. He was a lieutenant in the "Montgomery True Blues," State Troops, the latter part of 1860, volun teered with his company; was present at the capture of the Pensacola navy yard, in 1861; appointed major of the 18th Alabama infantry regiment, in August, 1861; and was promoted to lieutenant colonel in- December, following. He was severely wounded at the battle of Shiloh; was commissioned colonel, 1862; sent to Mobile and commanded a brigade there for several months; commanded Clayton's brigade on Lookout Mountain; was appointed brigadier general, July 8, 1864, and placed in command of Clayton's brigade, General Clayton, having been promoted to major general. During the last few months of the war, he was stationed at Mobile; was at the siege of Spanish Fort and surrendered at Meridian, where he was paroled. He was a delegate in 1868, to the Democratic convention which nominated Seymour and Blair. He was an elector for Tilden and Hendricks in 1876, and a Democratic elector from the State at large in 1888. He was chair man of the Montgomery County democratic committee during the days of reconstruction. In February, 1893, he was appointed by Gov. Thomas G. Jones, an associate member of the Alabama railroad commission. He was a Knight Templar; a Mason; and while not a member of any church, a liberal contributor to the Methodist Episcopal church. Married: April 10, 1856, at Montgomery, to Mary Bill ingslea, daughter of Dr. John A. and Lucy (White) Cowles, who lived near Selma. Chil dren: 1. Carrie Whiting, m. John A. Kirkpat- rick, Montgomery; 2. James T., jr., deceased. Last residence: Montgomery. HONEY, TOBIAS, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 78, resided in Calhoun (then Benton) County, June 1, 1840, with Abel Brooks. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. HOOD, HORACE, editor, was born July 9, 1853, at Madisonville, Monroe County, Tenn.; son of Alexander and Sallie (Frowe) Hood, na- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 837 fives of Mecklenburg, Va., and Maryville, Tenn., respectively. He attended the common schools of his native county until twelve years of age, after which time, he was self educated. He re moved with his father's family to Lowndes County, in 1867 and farmed, but upon the death of both parents in 1869, he entered a newspaper office in Montgomery, and rose from mailing clerk to reporter at that place, and finally to the editorship, in 1873, of the "Selma Daily Echo." Upon that paper being sold and ab sorbed by the "Selma Times," he removed, in 1875, to Monroe County, and resuscitated and bought the "Monroe Journal," which he pub lished and edited for ten years. In" 1885, he accepted an editorial position on the staff of the "Montgomery Dispatch," later assuming the business management of that 'paper. Upon its purchase by the "Montgomery Advertiser," he began the publication of the "Montgomery Journal," and in 1903, sold a half interest in this paper to Frank Harvey Miller, who became business manager. In 1882-84, he was elected assistant clerk of the house of representatives of the Alabama legislature, and in 1898, was elected a member of that body; was an unsuc cessful candidate for the legislature in 1900, and in 1906, although receiving a flattering vote for State auditor, was defeated; was appointed sheriff of Montgomery County by Gov. B. B. Comer, October, 1907, to fill the unexpired term of his predecessor who died in office after hav ing served only a few months; was elected to the office at the end of his appointive term, receiving almost as many votes as his four opponents combined. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; an Odd Fellow; Knight of Honor; Woodman of the World; Maccabee; Na tional Union; Elk. Married: May 27, 1875, at Montgomery, to Susie, daughter of James Yan cey and Marjorie Brame of that city. Chil dren: 1. Horace, jr., m. daughter of Rev. W. J. Kempton, of Monroe County; 2. Brame, m. daughter of Rev. T. H. Jones; 3. Milton Yan cey; 4. Clauselle; 5. Lillian Whitman; 6. Mar jorie Frowe; 7. Sadie O'Dell, m. R. E. Burnett, Greenville. Residence: Montgomery. HOOD, OLIVER ROLAND, lawyer, was born July 31, 1867, near Ashville, St. Clair County; son of Noah A. and Mary I. (Cooper) Hood, who lived near Ashville. He was educated in the common schools of Mississippi and Ala bama, and in Ashville academy; attended the University of Nashville, and the Peabody nor mal college, at Nashville, Tenn. He was ad mitted to the bar at Gadsden, 1890, and opened a law office in that city. He was an alderman of the city of Gadsden, 1893-1895; and was a representative in the constitutional convention of 1901 from the seventh congressional district. He is a Democrat and a Baptist. Married: November 13, 1889, at Gadsden, Julia Riddle. Residence: Gadsden. HOOD, W. A., member of the constitutional convention of 1861, from Jackson County. HOOD, WILLIAM HAMILTON, farmer and legislator, was born January 11, 1848, at Jef ferson, Jackson County; son of Steven Reed and Jane (Sewal) Hood, of Franklin County, Ga., the former was captain of Co. D, 22nd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; grand son of William and Minnie (Reed) Hood, and of John Sewal and wife, of Franklin County. He received a common school education, and is a farmer. He is a Democrat; and an Advent- ist. Married: (1) in 1868, to Charlcie, daugh ter of William B. and Euline (White) Croft; (2) January 31, 1895, to Mrs. Lugenie Hudson, daughter of William Manley, of Jacksonville; (3) December 15, 1904, at Gadsden, to Miry, daughter of John and Margaret (Irven) Weaver of Jacksonville. Children: 1. John C, m. Icy Hood; 2. L. E„ m. Melton Humes; 3. M. E., m. Clem Walker; 4. W. S.; 5. Delax; 6. Laura; 7. H. A. Wise; 8. David S.; 9. Claud; 10. Eva, m. Sam Thornton; 11. Adolphas J.; 12. Min nie; 13. Mattie B., m. Frank Morris; 14. Pearl, m. Chess Sansom; 15. Birddie, m. Perry League; 16. Sallie, m. John Burns. Residence: Murrycross. HOOKS, CHARLES, soldier of the American Revolution, was born February 20, 1768, in Bertie County, N. C, and died October 18, 1843, near Montgomery; son of Thomas and Anna Hooks; grandson of John and Ruth Hooks, and great-grandson of William Hooks, of Chowan County, N. C. Charles Hooks served in the Revolution under Lieut. Ezekiel Slocomb, the husband of his sister, Mary. Charles, then a boy of thirteen, was with Lieut. Slocomb in hot pursuit of some Tories, and, ignorant of the fact that their home had been taken by the enemy during their absence, they were returning when warned by a faithful slave and were enabled to make their escape to safety. He represented Duplin County in the house of commons, 1801-05, and in the senate in 1810 and 1811; served in congress in 1816, 1817 and 1819-25. The part of Duplin in which he lived was near the Wayne Line. He removed to Ala bama, 1826. He was buried in the private ceme tery of the Molton family on Laurel Hill, four teen miles from Montgomery. Married: (1) January 1, 1789, to Bertie Williams; (2) March 29, 1795, to Kitty Dickson; (3) November 15, 1796, to Mary Ann, daughter of Isaac and Pris cilla Hunter, of North Carolina. Children: by first marriage: 1. James; 2. Thomas; 3. Charles A.; by second marriage: 4. Marshall, m. Tab- bie Fitzpatrick, sister of Gov. Fitzpatrick (q. v.); 5. Eliza Jane, m. Mr. Hatch; 6. Catherine Anne, m. Thomas Molton, of Duplin County, N. C, who removed to Montgomery County, 1826 and died November 1, 1845; 7. Narcissa Ann, m. Peter Coffee Harris; 8. Amanda Anne; 9. David I.; 10. Sarah Amanda, m. George James Forrest. Last residence: Montgomery County. HOOKS, CHARLES, public official, represen tative in congress, was born in Bertie County, N. C, and died in 1851 in Alabama; brother of Mary Hooks, who married Ezekiel Slocomb, and became famous for her daring adventure to reach her husband on the battlefield of 838 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Moore's Creek, N. C, February 27, 1776. He was elected to the State legislature of North Carolina, from Duplin County, 1802-1804, and to the senate of that state, 1810-1811. He was sent as a representative from North Carolina to the Fourteenth congress, 1815-1817, and was re-elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth congresses, 1819-1825. He subse quently moved to Alabama where he died in 1851. Last residence: Alabama. HOOPER, CHARLES WORD, business man, was born May 24, 1844, at LaFayette, Ga., and died September 6, 1919, at Selma; son of Charles Jefferson and Jane Byrd (Word) Hooper, who lived in Walker County, Ga., the former a Georgian, born December 1, 1806, a prominent lawyer of north Georgia, who died at his residence in LaFayette, Ga., 1848; grand son of Matthew Brooks and Elizabeth Adams (Word) Hooper, and of Robert and Joyce (Allen) Word, of Georgia; great-grandson of Charles and Elizabeth (Adams) Word, the for mer a soldier under Washington, who entered the service when a boy, was present during Braddock's defeat, and was one of the few to escape the massacre, and afterwards enlisted for three years' service in the Revolutionary Army, in Capt. Moore's company, Grayson's regiment. The Hooper family came to America from Eng land, being descendants of Bishop Hooper who was martyred by the Roman Catholics. The Word family came from Wales. Both families settled in what are now the Southern States, the Virginias, Carolinas, and Maryland, some branches of the family afterwards moving to South Carolina and Mississippi. William Hooper who signed the Declaration of Inde pendence is a collateral ancestor. Gen. Hooper was educated at Rome, Ga., and at the age of seventeen, enlisted in the C. S. Army, as a private, May 17, 1861, joining Co. E, Eighth Georgia regiment. He fought at the battle of Manassas, and in March, 1862, was elected lieu tenant of Co. B, Twenty-first Georgia regiment. He served in that capacity under Gen. Trim ble's brigade, Ewel's division, of Stonewall Jackson's army, and was in all the battles fought by Gen. Jackson during that time. He participated in the battles around Richmond, at Cedar mountain, second Manassas, Harper's Ferry, the raid into Maryland, and Sharpsburg, and in the fall of 1863, was, by special request of Gen. Forrest, transferred to Forrest's cav alry, acting as commander of one of Gen. For rest's escort companies, and surrendering with him at Gainesville, May 11, 1865. After the war, Gen. Hooper located in Selma and secured employment in a grocery store. Within a year, he was a member of the firm of Bowen and Hooper, wholesale grocers, which has since be come the firm of C. W. Hooper and company. He was a member of the "Lightning Commit tee," which did so much to tranquilize the county and restore law and order during the reconstruction period. He was one of the first trustees of the Carnegie library of Selma, and was a member of the Hooper motor company. He was elected brigadier general of the Ala bama division, United Confederate Veterans, in 1913, and was chosen commander in chief of the Alabama division two years later at the reunion of Confederate veterans, held at Selma, October 21, 1915. At the time of his death, Gen. Hooper was serving his fourth term as state commander, having been elected by ac clamation three successive terms. He was a Presbyterian. Married: May 5, 1868, in Selma, to Caroline Louise, who died February 6, 1918, daughter of Rev. James Morrison and Olivia Hubbard (White) McKee, the latter a descendant of William White, who came over on the Mayflower, and died the first winter after reaching this country, leaving Peregrine and Resolve White, whose cradle is one of the treasured relics of Pilgrim Hall, Plymouth, to gether with the Breeches Bible, brought to this country by William White, and in which the birth of Peregrine is recorded. Children: 1. Lloyd McKee (q. v.) ; 2. William, deceased; 3. Charles, deceased; 4. Olivia, deceased, m. R. J. Davidson; 5. Edith, m. J. T. Mangum, Char lotte, N. C; 6. Ada, m. Chambliss Keith, Selma; 7. May, m. Dr. John N. Furniss (q. v.), Selma; 8. Harry L. m. Benie J. Hooper, Selma; 9. James, deceased; 10. Elsie, Selma. Last resi dence: Selma. HOOPER, GEORGE D., member of the con stitutional convention of 1865, from Russell County. HOOPER, GEORGE W., major and later lieu tenant colonel, 6th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. HOOPER, J. de BERNIERE, coal operator and State mine inspector, was born in March, 1853, in Russell County; son of George de B. and Caroline (Mallett) Hooper, the former a native of Wilmington, N. C, who removed to Chambers County, in 1833, a lawyer and Con federate soldier; grandson of Charles Peter Mallett and wife, who was a de Berniere, of Wilmington, N. C, who had seven. sons in the Confederate Army, two of whom were killed in battle; great-grandson of Capt. Peter and Sophia (Beatty) Mallett, an officer in the Con tinental Army; great-great-grandson of William H. Beatty, who at one time owned half of Bla den County, N. C. The Hoopers were of Scotch origin, and the de Bernieres were French Huguenots. One of the historians in the "Key to the Roll of Huguenots," writes of this fam ily: "The de Bernieres were considered, in the reign of Louis XI, one of the most ancient and noble families in France; and owing to many daring exploits by different members of the family were granted, as augmentation to their arms, the fleur-de-lys in chief, and later one 'deux poissons, en argent, adosses.' In the reign of Louis XIV, the de Bernieres, and one other family only, had the right by royal license to bear the fleur-de-lys of France on their arms. Jean Antoine de Berniere served under the Earl of Galway in Spain, and his descendants are still living in England." A number of Huguenot families were brought from France to Santee, S. C, in 1687, in ships bought for that purpose by the ancestors of the DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 839 American branch of the de Berniere family. The town of Fayetteville, N. C, was founded by one of the family. J. de Berniere Hooper was educated at Bingham's school, N. C, and at the age of eighteen left school and began the study of mining and civil engineering, which latter profession he has made his life's work. He was the postmaster at Opelika, Ala., 1876-77; was employed as a civil engineer by the Georgia Pacific railroad for a while, and later became interested in the operation and super intendence of coal mines in the Birmingham district. He was appointed State mine inspec tor by Gov. Thomas G. Jones; was treasurer and half owner of Little Warrior coal company. Residence: Oakman. HOOPER, JOHNSON JONES, author, was born June 9, 1815, in Wilmington, N. C, and died June 6, 1862, at Richmond, Va.; son of Archibald McLaine Hooper, a journalist, whose father, George Hooper of Wilmington, N. C, was a nephew of William Hooper, signer of the Declaration of Independence and Revolutionary patriot. He was also a lineal descendant of Hon. Archibald Maclain, another colonial pa triot of 1776. His mother, the daughter of Col. DeBerniere, a British officer, was a lineal descendant of Bishop Jeremy Taylor, the Eng lish poet and divine. Mr. Hooper was a brother of DeBerniere Hooper of Fayetteville, and of George D. Hooper of Lee. Col. C. W. Hooper, of the Sixth Alabama infantry, C. S. Army, was a nephew. He was well educated, but did not attend college. At the age of fifteen years, he wrote for the papers of Charleston, S. C, and five years later journeyed through the Gulf States, remaining several months in Tuscaloosa. He went to Tallapoosa County, and in 1840, to Chambers County, where he read law in the office of his brother. Soon after he became editor of the "Banner," at Dadeville, and his humorous articles in that paper attracted attention. He edited a paper for six months in Wetumka, then returned to Chambers County, where he practiced law, and edited a newspaper, "The Chambers County Times," in Lafayette. In 1846, he came to Montgomery and became one of the editors of the Alabama "Journal," but returned to Cham bers County within a year. He was elected to the office of solicitor of the ninth circuit by the legislature at the session of 1849, defeating A. M. Presley of Chambers County, M. S. Latham of Russell, and A. W. Bowie of Tal ladega. At the end of four years, when his term of office expired, he was a candidate for re-election but was defeated by Judge Wood ward. In 1852, he came to Montgomery and established and became editor of the Montgom ery "Mail," which newspaper was for a while the organ of the Whig party, taking the place of the Alabama "Journal." He remained editor of the "Mail," until 1861, when he was elected secretary of the provisional Confederate con gress in session at Montgomery, and held office until the congress was formally organized in Richmond, Va. Mr. Hooper was a candidate for permanent secretary of state of the Confed erate States of America, but was defeated. He did not return to Alabama, but died in Rich mond a few months later. He was author of "Some Adventures of Capt. Simon Suggs, late of the Tallapoosa Volunteers, together with Taking the Census and other Alabama Sketches," published by D. Appleton & Company of New York, 1846; and "Widow Rugby's Husband and other tales of Ala bama," 1851; and many other humorous ar ticles. He was nationally known as the au thor of Simon Suggs and has been classed with the foremost Southern humorists. The book was praised by Thackery and selections from it have been re-published, a new edition appear ing in 1881. Married: to Miss Brantley, a daughter of Hon. Greene D. Brantley of Cham bers County, one of the first settlers of Lafay ette. He left several children, one of whom was a merchant in New York, and another an at torney in Aberdeen, Miss. Last residence: Richmond, Va. HOOPER, LLOYD McKEE, merchant, busi ness man, chairman Alabama Council of De fense, was born April 13, 1869, at Selma; son of Charles Word and Caroline Louise (McKee) Hooper (q. v.). He received his early educa tion in Dallas academy, and in the private school of Prof. Darby M. Calloway; and was graduated from the University of Alabama, B. A., 1888. He took a summer course at Moody's bible institute, Northfield, Mass., 1888; entered business as a clerk, with the firm of C. W. Hooper and company, wholesale grocers and cot ton commission merchants, in Selma, Septem ber, 1888; was made a silent member of the firm in 1894; and entered full partnership in 1899. He Is a vice president of the Peoples cotton oil company; president and treasurer of the Tallapoosa lumber company; president of the Chero Cola bottling company; director of the Central Alabama dry goods company; of the Union iron works; of the City national bank; and was president of the Selma gas and electric light company, 1898-1901. He was a member of the Sinking fund commission of Selma, 1898-1914; has been chairman of that commission since 1914; is chairman of the Bond or Debt commission of Selma; represent ed the Council of National defense for the state of Alabama during the period of the World War; was appointed by Gov. Henderson as chairman of the Alahama State Council of De fense, January 5, 1918-January 15, 1919, and as there were no funds available, personally raised twenty-thousand dollars from public spirited citizens to conduct the work in Alabama; is a member of the State highway commission of Alabama, as a representative for the fourth congressional district ; is a member of the board of trustees of the Selma public schools, of the Alabama technical institute for Women at Montevallo, of Agnes Scott college at Decatur, Ga., and of the Columbia theological seminary in South Carolina; is president of the Selma park commission; and was president of the Alabama Sunday school association, 1918-1919. Mr. Hooper was captain in the Hardee light infantry, Alabama National Guard, 1892-1896; was president of the Young men's christian 840 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY association of Alabama, of the local association at Selma, and a director for twenty years; was president of the Woodrow Wilson club of Dal las County, 1912-1913; is an elder in the First Presbyterian church of Selma, and a member of the Phi Delta Theta college fraternity. Mar ried: October 19, 1893, at Selma, to Anne Steele, daughter of Dr. Asbury Richardson and Sarah (Hooker) Coleman, of that place. Children: 1. Carolyn Louise, m. Paul Leon Pierce, lieutenant-colonel in the ordnance de partment, U. S. Army, 1917-1919, New York City; 2. Lloyd McKee, jr., student in the Uni versity of Alabama; 3. Charles Word, student at the McCallie school, Missionary Ridge, Chattanooga, Tenn.; 4. Richard Coleman, pupil, Byrd school, Selma; 5. Asbury Steele, pupil, Byrd school, Selma. Residence: Selma. HOOPER, OBADIAH, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, and a resident of Pickens Coun ty; private, particular service not shown; en rolled on April 14, 1836, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832; payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $42. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. HOOPER, THOMAS W., Presbyterian min ister, was born November 2, 1832, in Hanover County, Va.; son of Joseph Hooper, a native of Virginia, a descendant of William Hooper, one of the signers of the Declaration of In dependence, who was a farmer, mill-owner, and a lumber manufacturer, and died in 1858, in Hanover County, Va. His mother, who before her marriage was a Miss Haw, was a Virginian, and died in Richmond, Va., in 1881, at the age of seventy-three years. He obtained his early schooling in Hanover County, and was grad uated from Hampden-Sidney college, A. B., 1855, with first honors. He attended Union theological seminary of New York, and Union seminary, Virginia, where he completed a theological course. He was licensed to preach in 1857; was ordained at Pole Green, Va., 1858; installed as pastor of Pole Green and Salem churches, where he preached for five years. From Hanover, he went to Liberty, Va., as pastor and chaplain of the hospital during the War of Secession, and remained there until the close of the war. He was stationed at Christiansburg, Va., for five years; took charge of the Second Presbyterian church at Lynch burg, Va., until 1876; and came to Selma in that year as pastor of the First Presbyterian church. In 1873, he visited Europe, and attend ed the World's Fair at Vienna; and was a dele gate to the Presbyterian Alliance which met at Belfast, Ireland, 1884. While he was abroad, his letters were published under the title, "A Memphian's View of Europe." He was instru mental in the compilation and publication of a book of family worship; has had a number of sermons and addresses published; and is author of a monograph, "Our Pastor's View of the Peo ple, as Seen by Himself." The honorary degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by Roanoke college, Salem, Va., in 1876. He is a trustee of Hampden-Sidney college, Virginia; a director in the Columbia theological seminary, South Carolina; a member of the executive committee of the Colored theological institute, and of the executive committee of the orphan's home at Tuskegee. He is a Knight Templar and a Knight of Honor. Married: January 18, 1860, at Liberty, Va., to Lettie W., daughter of James F. Johnson, a lawyer and politician of that place. He has four sons and two daugh ters living, and has buried two infants and a daughter aged ten years. Residence: Selma. HOOVER, KEIFFER G., teacher, was born January 16, 1875, at Cavetown, Washington County, Md.; son of John and Elizabeth (Crouse) Hoover, of Smithsburg, Md.; grand son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Zentmyer) Hoover, also of Smithsburg. His great-grand parents were natives of Switzerland who set tled in eastern Pennsylvania. He taught two years in the rural schools of Washington County, Md.; two years as principal of the Clear Spring high school, Md.; eight years as prin cipal of the high school at Uniontown; elected superintendent, Demopolis high school, 1911; two years superintendent of education of Perry County, residing at Marion and giving his en tire time to the duties of the office. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; a Knight of Pythias. Married: Pearl, daughter of William Thomas and Ozaline (King) Underwood of Uniontown. Children: 1. Elizabeth; 2. Mary; 3. Lillian; 4. Clara. Residence: Demopolis. HOPE, WILLIAM BENJAMIN, Methodist minister, was born December 12, 1873, at Groveoak, DeKalb County; son of Isaac Terrell and Margarette Julaney (Richey) Hope, the former a native of near Gainesville, Hall Coun ty, Ga., who removed to DeKalb County in 1870, served as private throughout the four years of the War of Secession, and taking part in every battle in which his organization par ticipated, entered with Co. D, 27th Georgia in fantry regiment, serving under Gen. Stonewall Jackson and after his death under Gen. Long- street; grandson of William Clen and Pene lope (Sanders) Hope of near Gainesville, Ga., and of Benjamin and Mary Jane (Latimer) Richey, who lived near Anderson Court House, S. C, but removed first to Georgia and later to DeKalb County; great-grandson of Larkie Latimer, of James Richey and wife, who was a Miss Shirley, of South Carolina, and of James Hope, a native of England; great-great-grand son of James Latimer of Holland and of James Richey of Belfast, Ireland, the wife of the lat ter being a native of Scotland, and of Shirley, a soldier of the War of the Revolution. Rev. Mr. Hope was educated in the common schools of DeKalk County and at the Southern university, Greensboro, going one year to the latter institution one year after his entrance into the ministry. He read the conference course of study at home supplemented by further theological studies by correspondence with Vanderbilt university, Nashville, Tenn. He was admitted on trial with the North Ala bama conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, at Athens, November, 1894, and has served the following charges: Arkadelphia COLONEL WILLIAM B. LEEDY DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 843 circuit, 1896-7; Gamble mines, 1898-99-1900; Corona station, 1901,02; Gordo circuit, 1903; Guntersville station, 1904-05-06-07; Valley Head circuit, 1908; Boyles mission, 1909; Wylam sta tion, 1910-11-12; Jonegboro station, 1913; ordained deacon at Florence, December 5, 1897, by Bishop Charles B. Galloway; ordained an elder, at first church, Birmingham, November 26, 1899, by Bishop Warren A. Chandler; served a pastorate at Albertville, four years, 1914-18 inclusive; presiding elder Albertville district 1918-20; chaplain Alabama division United Sons Confederate veterans, 1903; president his con ference class, 1912-13. He is a Democrat; Mason; Odd Fellow. Married: November 17, 1902, at Jonesboro, to Sarah Foster, daughter of Dr. William Marmaduke and Nancy Lucretia (McAdory) Owen (q. v.) of that place, sister of Thomas M. Owen (q. v.). Children: 1. Lucretia Owen; 2. William Owen; 3. Sarah Owen. Residence : Albertville. HOPKINS, ARTHUR FRANCIS, lawyer, chief justice of the supreme court of Alabama, U. S. senator, was born October 18, 1794, near Danville, in Pittsylvania County, Va., and died in 1866, in Mobile; son of James and Frances (Carter) Hopkins, who lived near Danville, Va., the former a Virginian, born February 22, 1765, who fought in the Revolution and was wounded at the battle of Guilford Court House; grand son of Arthur Hopkins, jr., who married a Miss Jefferson, said to be a cousin of Thomas Jeffer son, and of Jesse and Mary (Chattan) Carter, who lived at Oakland, Pittsylvania County, Va.; grandnephew of Mary Hopkins who married Col. Joseph Cabell, interested with Thomas Jefferson in founding the University of Vir ginia, and was the ancestress John C. Breck enridge, general and vice-president of the United States, of W. C. P. Breckenridge, of the Carter Harrisons of Chicago, of Gen. William Cabell of Texas, and of Gen. Castleman of Kentucky; great-grandson of Dr. Arthur and Elizabeth (Pettus) Hopkins, the former of whom was a justice of the county court, 1737, was high sher iff of the Goochland County and vestryman of St. James Parish, 1739-1741, was commissioned colonel of horse for Goochland County by Gov. Dinwiddie, 1752; great-great-great-grandson of Col. Joseph Cabell, a member for twenty years of the Virginia colonial council, who settled in Virginia in 1640, and was closely related to Sir John Pettus, of the London Company, one of the founders of the colony of Virginia. Maj.-Gen. Sam Hopkins, of Hopkinsville, Ky., who fought in the War of 1812, is of the family. The Carter family is descended from Capt. Thomas Carter and his wife Katherine Dale, the granddaughter of Sir Henry Skipwith. Judge Hopkins was educated in the common schools, in an academy at New London, Va., an academy in Caswell County, N. C, and attended the University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill, but did not graduate. He studied law with Judge William Leigh of Halifax County, Va., and began the practice of law in Huntsville, Madison- County, 1816. With the exception of one or two years in St. Louis, Mo., he practiced his profession entirely in Alabama. He was also interested Vol. HI— 54 largely in planting in Alabama and Mississippi, and in real estate. He moved from Huntsville to Lawrence County in January, 1819, and in May of that year was elected to the first state constitutional convention. He was elected to the State senate from Lawrence County in 1822, and in that session, fought the establishment of state banks, foretelling their course and end. In 1825, he returned to Huntsville and applied himself to his practice. He was elected to the State legislature as a representative from Mad ison County in 1833, and was elected a justice of the supreme court of the state, January, 1836. He was elected to the U. S. senate in 1837, and in the same year was made chief justice of the Alabama supreme court, which commission he resigned the following year. After serving his term in the Federal senate, he returned to Huntsville and resumed his practice. He was on the Harrison electoral ticket in 1840, and was the temporary presi dent of the national convention which nom inated Henry Clay for the presidency, in 1844. In that same year, he was again elected to the U. S. senate, defeating Mr. Lewis, and was returned to that body in 1847 and 1849. He moved to Missouri in 1845, and a year later located in Mobile. He practiced in the latter place for ten years, and was during that time associated mainly with Hon. William G. Jones. He retired from the practice of law in 1856, and in the following year became president of the Mobile & Ohio railroad. He was sent by Governor Moore as one of the two commission ers to Virginia to invite the co-operation of that state in the secession of the Southern states. He was the acknowledged leader of the Whig party in Alabama and was one of the authors of the "Address to Citizens of Ala bama," published by the Whig party, June, 1840. He was a Presbyterian. Married. (1) in 1815, in Bedford County, Va., to Pamela Moseley, who died in 1852, daughter of Arthur and Pamelia (Thorpe) Moseley, who lived near the Peaks of Otter, Bedford County, Va., on a farm adjoining that of the father of Bishop Cobb of Alabama, a cousin of Col. Jack Reid of Nashville, Tenn., who served on Gen. Jack son's staff during the battle of New Orleans, and a descendant of the Calloways, pioneers of Kentucky; (2) to Mrs. Julia Opie Gordon, who was known as "the Florence Nightingale of the Confederacy," whose vignette is on the twenty-five cent and fifty cent Alabama con federate bills, and who was buried in Arling ton cemetery, with a military funeral, and with the Alabama delegation in congress as honorary pall-bearers. Children, by first mar riage: 1. Arthur Moseley, graduate of Yale University, lawyer, commission merchant of New Orleans, m. Eliza Bibb, daughter of Gov. Thomas Bibb of Alabama, and a niece of the first governor of Alabama, Hon. W. W. Bibb; 2. Marie Malinda, m. Maj. John J. Walker, who served on Gen. Bragg's staff during the Creek War, son of John Walker, first U. S. senator from Alabama; 3. Louisa, m. George P. Blev- ins, a graduate of Yale University, lawyer, at Selma; 4, Cornelia Carter, m. Henry Allen Lowe, an English cotton merchant of Mobile, 844 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and first president of the Athelstan Club of that city; 5, Augusta, m. Capt. John Washing ton Rice, b. Chester District, S. C, a gradu ate of Columbia College, a member of the South Carolina legislature, who moved to Tal ladega, became captain in the Thirteenth U. S. infantry, Mexican War, moved to Oktibbeha County, Miss., and developed large planting in terests there, was a member of the Mississippi state senate, located finally in Mobile, was a first cousin of Samuel Rice of Montgomery, chief justice of the supreme court of Alabama; 6. Mary Moseley, m. Maj. William Barnewall, member of the staff of Gen. Hardee, Mobile; 7. Catherine Erskine, m. Col. Starke H. Oliver, of Dallas County and Mobile, son of Samuel W. Oliver, once candidate for governor of Ala- . bama; 8, William Leigh, graduate of Virginia military institute, 1861, captain, C. S. Army, unmarried; and six other children who died in infancy or very young; by adoption, Juliet Butcher, m. Gen. Romaine B. Ayres, of the U. S. Army, who was in command of Fort Henry, Washington, D. C, in the Hayes-Tilden embroglio. Last residence: Mobile. HOPKINS, JULIET ANN (OPIE), Confeder ate heroine, was born May 7, 1818, at "Wood- burn," Jefferson County, Va.; died March 9, 1890, in Washington, D. C, and is buried in Arlington Cemetery; daughter of Hierome Lindsay and Margaret (Muse) Opie, the former of Northumberland County, Va., for thirty years state senator of Virginia, and a direct descend ant of Rev. Sir David Lindsay, who was the eldest son of Sir Jerome Lindsay, Lord Lion King-at-arms, and who was sent to the colonies in 1642, by his grandfather Earl David Linsday, Bishop of Ross; great-granddaughter of Gen. George Augustine Muse, a British officer of Westmoreland, Va. Juliet Ann Opie was edu cated at home under the direction of English tutors, later attending Miss Ritchie's private school in Richmond, Va. At the age of sixteen she left school on account of the death of her mother, and took charge of her father's estate and two thousand slaves. At the outbreak of the War of Secession she was sent by the State of Alabama to Richmond where she es tablished an Alabama hospital. She was untir ing during the four years in the hospitals and other similar works. On the battlefield of Seven Pines she received two wounds, one being received while lifting a wounded officer. These wounds necessitated the removal of quite a por tion of the bone in the left leg and made her slightly lame to the hour of her death. She sold most of her property in Alabama, Virginia, and New York, and gave nearly five hundred thousand dollars to the Confederate cause. Her face appears on the issues of the Alabama State money for fifty dollars and for twenty-five cents. A silver service was presented to her by the Mobile Rifles, February 22, 1873. She left more than 3,000 letters and numerous orders and telegrams which she received from the State Capitol at Montgomery while engaged in this work, and for her service she received the thanks of the State of Alabama. She was an Episcopalian. Married: (1) in May, 1837, at "Woodbum," Jefferson County, Va., to Comman der Alexander George Gordon, U. S. Navy; (2) November 4, 1854, in New York, N. Y., to Judge Arthur Francis Hopkins (q. v.). Last resi dence: Washington, D. C. HOPKINS, PERCY ISAIAH, physician, was born February 14, 1880, at Melbourne, Aus tralia; son of Elias and Alvira Ann (Edwards) Hopkins, the former a native of Neath, Wales, who lived at Clanton; grandson of Isaiah and Elizabeth Hopkins, who came from Wales in 1867 and settled in Youngstown, O., and of Evan J. and Jane Edwards, who also came from Wales and lived in Youngstown. He obtained his early education in the public schools at Bessemer; attended Montezuma university; and was graduated from the medical depart ment of Vanderbilt university, 1899. He prac ticed medicine for one year at Bessemer, for ten years at Centerville, then located in Clan ton, where he has continued the practice of his profession. He is a Baptist; a thirty-sec ond degree Mason; an Odd Fellow; a Woodman of the World; and a Red Man. Married: Sep tember 6, 1904, at Sulphus Springs, Tex., to Mamie G. Latham, daughter of Oliver Elliot and Fannie Latham, natives of Chilton County who lived at Sulphur Springs, Tex. Children: 1. Frances Alvira; 2. Percy Isaiah, jr. Resi dence: Clanton. HORN, A. G., secretary of the constitutional convention, 1861, from Mobile County. HORN, DANIEL H., lieutenant colonel, 33rd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. HORN, JOSEPH ROBERT, physician, was born April 29, 1860, near Luverne, Crenshaw County; son of Oliver W. and Susan (William son) Horn, the former a life time resident of Crenshaw County, enlisted in Co. E, 56th Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, 1861, and served until Lee's surrender, being one of eight brothers in the service; grandson of Richard W. and Rebecca (Cox) Horn of New Provi dence, and of Robert and Abigail (King) Wil liamson, also of Crenshaw County. The Horns were of English stock and the Williamsons of Irish descent. Dr. Horn received his primary education in the public schools of his county; attended the Medical college of South Carolina, Charleston, 1884-85; Medical department, Uni versity of Alabama, Mobile, 1885-87; graduated from Tulane university, Medical department, 1895; and engaged in the practice of his profes sion at Luverne. He was mayor of Luverne, 1890 to 1900; county health officer for a num ber of years; counsellor of State medical as sociation; member of State board of pension examiners, 1898-1904. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; Mason; Woodman of the World, Knight of Pythias; Columbian Woodman. Married: September 22, 1881, at New Provi dence, to Carrie F., daughter of Thomas and Lizzie (Ryals) Mount, of Americus, Ga. Chil dren: 1. Cumi; 2. Felix F.; 3. Joseph R., Jr. Residence: Luverne. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 845 HORNADY, JOHN RANDOLPH, editor and Birmingham city commissioner was born May 15, 1872, at Ringgold, Ga.; son of John Ran dolph and Janie Lawton (Mulkey) Hornady, a native of Houston County, Ga., who later re moved to Columbiana, the former entered the Confederate Army at fifteen years of age and served as private secretary to his step-uncle, Gen. George Augustus Smith, later fought in the ranks under Gen. J. E. Johnston, taking part in numerous battles, and serving the full four years of the war; grandson of Henry Carr and Emily (Cherry) Hornady, of Pulaski County, Ga., the former for many years a prominent Baptist minister in Georgia, presi dent, during the war of the Soldiers' relief association, and later raised a half million dol lars In money and supplies for widows and orphans of Confederate soldiers, a beneficence distributed throughout the Southern States, where most needed, who traced his ancestry back four hundred years to English stock that fought with Oliver Cromwell at Marston Moor, and of Lemuel Cherry of Pulaski County, Ga.; great-grandson of Isaiah and Lavenia (Robin son) Hornady; great-great-grandson of Isaiah and Susannah (Carr) Hornady; great-great- great-grandson of William Carr, a soldier of the Revolutionary War. Jane Lawton (Mul key) Hornady was descended from Nicholas Pearre of Washington, Wilkes County, Ga., a prominent figure in the Revolution. On her father's side she was allied to Von Moltke, the famous general in the Franco-Prussian War. The Hornady family was planted in America in 1785 by John, Christopher and Lewis Hornady, who emigrated to North Caro lina. John Randolph Hornady, jr., received no other scholastic training than that given at his mother's knee before her death when he was ten years of age. He entered the news paper profession in 1895 in Birmingham, and rose from a reporter to city editor, managing editor, and finally associate editor of the "Bir mingham News." He was for one year on the "Cincinnati Enquirer." He is widely known as a writer and lecturer on municipal govern ment, having made an exhaustive investiga tion of the commission system of government and led in a campaign for its introduction into Alabama. He was also active in campaigns for the adoption of this system in cities in other states. He has served as one of the city com missioners of Birmingham. Author: a series of twelve articles on short ballot principles and commission government, prepared for the Short ballot organization of New York and widely used in commission campaigns. He is also the author of numerous magazine articles: full page, illustrated, inspirational editorials in the Birmingham "Sunday News." He was presi dent of the Birmingham newspaper club, one of the leading social organizations of the South. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Mar ried: Maude Morella, daughter of Morel Ruth erford and Laura Minnie (Waugh) Simmons of Union Springs, the former joined a volun teer company formed of students of Emory college, Oxford, Ga., C. S. Army, resigned a few months later and joined Nelson's Rangers, serving throughout the war; granddaughter of William Hill and Melinda Tennille (Ruth erford) Waugh, the former of Scotland who emigrated to America about 1830 and was mar ried there, and of Mary Simmons; great-grand daughter of Nathaniel Green and Annie (Morel) Rutherford, of Franklin Rutherford, and of Robert and Margaret (Grieve) Waugh, of Lockerby, Dumfrieshire, Scotland; great- great-granddaughter of Gordon Grieve of Scot land, of Robert and Elizabeth (Tennille) Ruth erford, and of Pierre Heinrich, (Peter Henry) Morel, who was banished from France during the persecution of the Huguenots under Louis XIV, landed at Savannah, Ga., where he bought the island of Ossabaw, off the coast of Georgia, and peopled it with negroes, many of whom were bought from the African slave traders, and who had sons who held office under Ogle thorpe, military governor of Georgia. Chil dren: 1. John Randolph, jr.; 2. Cecil Carr; 3. Ernestine. Residence: Birmingham. HORST, MARTIN, mayor of Mobile, 1871; father of Henry A. Horst, of that city. HORTON, AMOS, business man, was born September 16, 1847, at Pleasant Ridge, Greene County; son of William and Marcia (Ford) Horton, the former a native of Wake County, N. C, who moved to Alabama with his parents, and later moved to Greene County; grandson of Jesse and Sallie (Chamblee) Horton, who moved to Alabama from North Carolina, and of John and Jennie (Kirkpatrick) Ford, who lived near Forkland, Greene County; great- grandson of Amos Horton, a captain in the Rev olutionary Army, who served under Gen. Marion in the Carolinas. Barnabas Horton, the ancestor of the Horton family in America, came from England to America on the ship Swallow between the years 1633 and 1638. Mr. Hor ton received his early schooling at Pleasant Ridge; attended the University of Alabama, 1864, 1865; was a member of the Alabama corps of cadets, serving a short time at Mobile, 1864- 1865; and was in the engagement with Gen. Craxton at Tuscaloosa, April, 1865. After the war, he engaged in farming and merchandising. He served in the State senate, 1898-1902; and again in 1907. He is a Democrat and a Knight of Pythias. Married: (1) January 19, 1871, at Clinton, to Sallie E., daughter of Grief and Drusilla (Taylor) Richardson; (2) October 7, 1903, at Milledgeville, Ga., to Carrie A., daugh ter of Capt. K. R. and Melissa Foster, of Mil ledgeville, Ga. Children: 1. William Taylor; 2. Hugh Clifford; 3. Charle Richardson, m. Belle Jones; 4. Marcia Ford. Residence: Pleasant Ridge. HORTON, CLARENCE LESLIE, physician, graduate of the medical department of Tulane university, 1891, passed the State board ex aminers, 1911. Residence: Aliceville. HORTON, GUSTAVUS, business man, was born March 31, 1808, in Boston, Suffolk County, Mass., and died January 6, 1892, at Mobile; son 846 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY of Jotham and Robey (Warren) Horton, of Boston, Mass.; grandson of Jotham and Sarah (Francis) Horton of Mistick, now Medford, Mass., and of Capt. William and Robey (Hatha way) Warren of Watertown and Freetown, Mass., respectively, a revolutionary soldier, who was wounded at the battle of Bunker Hill. Gustavus Horton was educated in the public schools of Boston, being one of thirteen test students admitted by examination to the Eng lish classical school under George B. Emerson. After the age of sixteen, he was self educated, and showed a taste for good literature by the library which he collected consisting of the ology, biography and poetry. He had a clerical position in the Boston custom house, under President Andrew Jackson; later held a place in a mercantile establishment in that city; and was engaged in the cotton business in Mobile, 1837-65, having located in that city on the for mer date. He was one of the organizers of the public schools of Mobile and was the first presi dent of the board of school commissioners. In 1867, he was mayor of Mobile; probate judge of Mobile County, 1868-74; deputy collector of customs, Mobile, 1877-85. Previous to the War of Secession, he was a Jackson Democrat, and during the War was a Unionist although not an abolitionist. After the War he was a Repub lican. He was a Presbyterian; a member of the Sons of Temperance and among the pio neers in that movement. Author: a number of articles for the current press on subjects of vital interest at the time, also on educa tional and on temperance subjects. Married: March 28, 1832, at Boston, to Eliza, daughter of Loring and Margaret (Abrams) Sargent, of that city. The Sargents were of Scotch origin, the American founder of the family being Joseph Sargent, who arrived in this country in 1830. His son Joseph, jr., married Hannah Spear of Gloucester, and their son Joseph, III, married, for his second wife, Anna Loring, who bore him six children, among them the father of Mrs. Horton. Children: 1. Gustavus, jr., m. Mary E. Wynne, Mobile; 2. Sarah Eliza; 3. Caroline M., m. William B. Dennett, Fresno, Calif.; 4. Franklin S„ m. Amanda Coleman, Mobile; 5. Mary L., m. Rev. John L. Stuart Hangchow, China; 6. Eliza J., m. S. Graham Stone, Mobile; 7. Harriet A., m. George G. Duffee, Mobile; 8. George Warren, m. (1) Kate Jewett, (2) Josephine Gotzian, Mayville, N. Dakota; 9. Anna F.; 10. Edward F., m. Helen Metcalf, Mobile; 11. Julia P., m. Thomas C. Mc- Bryde, Dalton, Ga.; 12. William C. Last resi dence: Mobile. HORTON, JAMES EDWIN, planter, was born May 20, 1833, near Huntsville; son of Rodah and Lucy Ann (Otey) Horton, natives of Virginia and England, respectively, who were married in Madison County, and lived near Huntsville, the former of whom was an extensive planter, represented Madison County in the State legis lature once or twice, and died in 1846, at the age of fifty-four years. He was educated at the University of Alabama; at Lebanon, Tenn.; and at the University of Virginia. He came to Limestone County in 1857, settled on the Elk River, and engaged in farming. He entered the C. S. Army, at Bardstown, Ky., in the fall of 1862, as aide-de-camp to Gen. Daniel B. Don elson, and was with Gen. Donelson when the latter met his death at Knoxville, Tenn., late in 1863. From that time to the close of the war, Maj. Horton was acting general quarter master, and was on the Florida coast at the time of the surrender. After the close of the war, he returned to Limestone County, and re sumed planting, which occupation he followed until 1886. He served as commissioner of Limestone County, 1876-1880; and was elected probate judge, 1886-1904. He is a Presbyterian and a Mason. Married: October 18, 1860, near Nashville, Tenn., to Emily B. Donelson, daugh ter of Gen. Daniel B. Donelson, and a grand- niece of the wife of Gen. Andrew Jackson. Children: four daughters and one son; the eldest daughter m. to John B. Tanner of Ath ens. Residence : Athens. HORTON, JAMES OSCAR, teacher, was born June 27, 1886, at Horton, Marshall County; son of John Clowers and Pocahontas (Mabrey) Horton of Gwinnett County, Ga.; grandson of Nutie C. and Mary Horton and of James and Fearbie Mabrey of Horton. He received his elementary education in the rural schools of his county and later attended an agricultural school. He graduated from the University of Alabama with the degree of A. B., and began teaching in the rural schools of Marshall County in 1905. Later he was elected principal of the Marshall County high school at Gunters ville. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; Odd Fellow; and a member of the Phi Kappa Sigma college fraternity. Residence: Guntersville. HORTON, WILLIAM E., dentist, was bornih July, 1861, at Pleasant Ridge; son of William Horton, who was a planter and farmer. He was educated at the common schools of his na tive county, at the University, and at the Bal timore college of dental surgery, graduating there in 1883. He immediately began the prac tice of dental surgery, in Birmingham in part nership with S. M. Talley; at present he is the partner of Charles A. Merrill. He is proprietor of the Lakeview dairy, and the Birmingham steam laundry. He is a Methodist, and a mem ber of the Young Men's Christian Association. Residence: Birmingham. HOSMER, SAMUEL MONROE, Methodist. minister, was born July 22, 1846, in Tuscaloosa County, and died December 24, 1915, in Greens boro; son of Silas and Esther Ann (Cowley) Hosmer, who lived in Tuscaloosa County, the former a native of that county, born Novem ber 7, 1822, a planter who organized a com pany of one hundred thirteen men in 1861, which became Co. H, Twenty-sixth regiment, Alabama infantry, C. S. Army, of which he was elected captain, and while at a camp of instruction at Tuscumbia, was taken ill and died December 29, 1861; grandson of Samuel and Susan (Farnum) Hosmer, who were of English parentage, and came from Boston, Mass., to Tuscaloosa County, about 1820 or DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 847 1821. He received his early education in the country schools, and entered the C. S. Army in the fall of 1863 as a volunteer with Co. H., Lockhardt's battalion, Alabama state troops, and subsequently was regularly mustered in with Co. H., Sixty-second regiment Alabama infantry, at Mobile, taking part in the defense of Mobile, August 1864, as one of the garrison of Fort Gaines. Captured at the surrender of that fort, he was sent as a prisoner of war to New Orleans, and from there to Ship Island, where he was held until exchanged, January, 1865. After sixty days' furlough and treat ment in hospital, he rejoined his command at Meridian, Miss., where he was paroled May 11, 1865. After the close of the war, he at tended Pleasant Hill academy, under the prin- cipalship of Prof. I. W. McAdory, and was a student at the Southern university, 1870-1874, being graduated the latter year, with the de gree of B. P. The honorary degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by Southern univer sity in 1893, After his marriage, he settled in the western part of Jefferson County, and on May 11, 1868, was licensed as a local preacher in the l^ethodist Episcopal church, South. He joined the North Alabama confer ence in 1874 ; became pastor of the Valley Head circuit, 1875-1877; of the Madison circuit, 1878-1879; of Trinity circuit, 1880; presiding elder of Florence district, 1881-1884; of Gads den district, 1885-1886; of Huntsville district, 1887-1889; of Talladega district, 1890; of Tusca loosa station, 1891-1892; of Birmingham dis trict, 1893-1896; of Talladega district, 1897-1899. He was elected president of Southern univer sity, at Greensboro, in February, 1899, and served in that capacity until June, 1910, when he resigned because of ill health. He was pre siding elder of Troy district, 1911-1915, and at the session of the Alabama conference in Brewton, December, 1915, was superannuated at his own request. He was a member of the General conference in 1886, 1890, 1894, 1898, and 1902; was a member of the general board of church extension, 1890-1906; was a member of the board of inspectors of the church; was trustee of the Southern university for sixteen years; and at the time of his death was chair man of the publishing committee of the Ala bama "Christian Advocate." He had served for one season without pay as business man ager of the "Advocate," probably saving its solvency at a critical time. He had been a member of the board of education of the Metho dist Episcopal church, South, for several years. He was a Democrat and a Mason. Married: (1) December 11, 1867, at Blue Creek, Jeffer son County, to Frances Louvenia Parsons, who died January 31, 1911, daughter of Joseph and Sarah Ann (Rogers) Parsons, who lived at that place; (2) December 19, 1912, to Mrs. M. A. McSwean, of Brundidge, daughter of Maj. Q. F. Culver. Children, by first marriage: 1, Allious Roberts, d. 1896, m. Jennie Jenkins, Huntsville; 2. Maria, m. S. A. Dowdell, Wi mauma, Fla.; 3. Loula, m. J. A. Baxley, Greens boro; 4. Irene, d. 1906, m. B. P. Beard, Birm ingham; 5. Linus Parker, m. Mae Crowther Shreveport, La.; 6. William Rison, Gordo; 7 Margaret, of Woman's college, Montgomery. Last residence, Greensboro. HOUGHTON, BENJAMIN A., Methodist min ister; pastor of the Court St. church, Mont gomery, 1830. HOUGHTON, MITCHELL BENNETT, busi ness man, was born September 14, 1844, at Franklin, Heard County, Ga.; son of William Henry and Eliza Ann (Bennett) Houghton, who moved from Georgia to south Alabama just before the War of Secession, the former of whom was born at Greensboro, Greene County, Ga., and lived at Wetumpka, 1837-1838, and later in Russell, now Lee County, near Salem, and also of Newton, Dale County; grandson of William and Elizabeth (Crutch- field) of Greensboro, Ga., and of Rev. Mitchell and Didama Bennett, who lived near Salem, now Lee County; brother of William Robert Houghton (q. v.). He obtained his education from Dover academy, established by Col. R. L. Mott, of Columbus, Ga., and at the outbreak of war, became a private in the Glenville Guards, of Barbour County, later Co. H., of the Fifteenth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army. He took part in the battles -of second Manas sas, Gettysburg, Chickamauga, and minor en gagements, receiving several wounds, one of which disabled him for some time, was a par ticipant in Stonewall Jackson's campaign in the Shenandoah Valley, and in the battles, of Port Republic and Cedar Mountain. A short time after the battle of Chickamauga; he was captured with his captain and fifteen others in a night engagement not far from. Chatta nooga, and spent fourteen months in prison at Camp Morton, Indiana. After the war he en gaged in the mercantile business at Union Springs; was one of the organizers of the Bul lock County Bank, becoming vice-president and one of its managers; with two others estab lished the State Bank of Montgomery and was elected president of the institution; held that position for five years, at the end of which time, he sold his stock to his partners and de voted his attention to his large planting and real estate interests. He was one of the first to introduce the best beef breeds of cattle into that part of the state. He organized the Com mercial and Industrial Association of Mont gomery, 1890, and served as president for five years; was president of the board of revenue of Montgomery for four years; and was chair man of the Democratic Executive committee of Bullock County for several years. He is author of "Two Boys in the Civil War and After," is a Methodist, and a trustee in the church. Residence: Montgomery. HOUGHTON, WILLIAM ROBERT, lawyer, was born May 22, 1842, in Heard County, Ga.; son of William Henry and Eliza Ann (Ben nett) Houghton, who came from Georgia to Lee County in 1849, the former a lawyer, who served in the Indian wars of 1836, was secre tary of the Alabama senate for one term, and died in 1878; grandson of William and Eliza beth (Crutchfield) Houghton, of Greensboro, 848 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Ga., and of Rev. Mitchell and Didama Ben nett, who lived near Salem, Lee County. Mr. Houghton is a brother of Mitchell Bennett Houghton (q. v.). He received his early edu cation in Lee County, and from the time he was fifteen years of age until the beginning of the War of Secession, taught school and attended an academy alternately. In April, 1861, he enlisted in the Columbus Guards, which was assigned to the Second Georgia regiment as Co. E. He served as a private under McGru- der, Hood and Longstreet, in the campaigns of northern Virginia and at Chickamauga and Knoxville. In 1864, he was made one of Gen. Longstreet's scouts, and served in that ca pacity until the surrender. He was wounded seven times, seriously at Malvern Hill and second Manassas, and slightly at Chicka mauga and elsewhere. After the war he un dertook the study of law, and was admitted to the bar in Dale County, 1866. He located first in Hayneville, where he practiced his profes sion for fifteen years, and moved to Birming ham, November, 1887, forming a partnership with F S. Furguson. He is a Mason. Mar ried: December 21, 1875, to Anna M. Streety, daughter of John P. Streety, a merchant of Hayneville, Lowndes County. Mrs. Hough ton died November, 1882. Children: 1. Harry Streety. Residence: Birmingham. HOUSTON, ETHEL, opera and concert singer. Residence: Birmingham. HOUSTON, GEORGE SMITH, lawyer, rep resentative in congress, governor of Alabama, U. S. senator, was born January 17, 1811, in Williamson County, Tenn., and died Decem ber 31, 1879, in Athens; son of David and Hannah Pugh (Reagan) Houston, natives of South Carolina, who moved to Lauderdale County from Williamson County, Tenn., about 1821 and engaged in agriculture; grandson of John and Mary (Ross) Houston, who in 1760 emigrated from County Tyrone, Ireland, and settled in Newberry District, N. C. His ma ternal grandmother was of Welch ancestry, a member of the family of Pughs, noted for their promotion of education. He received an ele mentary education in an academy in Lauder dale County; read law in the office of Judge George Coalter in Florence, and completed his studies in Judge Boyle's law school at Har- rodsburg, Ky. He was admitted to the bar in 1831, and was elected to the State legisla ture from Lauderdale County, in 1832. He was appointed district solicitor by Gov. Gayle to fill a vacancy in 1834, but in the winter fol lowing was defeated for the position by Hon. William Richardson. He moved to Limestone County in that year and continued his law practice. In 1837, he was elected solicitor over Mr. Richardson, and held the office until 1841, when he was elected to congress on the gen eral ticket over Gen. John M. Lewis of Frank lin County. He was re-elected in 1843, defeat ing Robert Armstrong of Lauderdale; in 1845 over John A. Nooe of Franklin; in 1847 over Hon David Hubbard of Lawrence; and volun tarily retired in 1849, resuming his profession in partnership with Col. Egbert Jones. He was again elected to congress over Mr. Hub bard in 1851; was unopposed in 1853 and 1855; defeated Mr. Hubbard for the third time in 1857, and Hon. William A. Hewlett of Walker County, 1859. He retired from congress in January, 1861, with his colleagues when the state seceded. During his eighteen years in congress, he was recognized as one of the leaders of the house, was a member of many important committees, and was chairman of the committees on military affairs, ways and means, and the judiciary. He was opposed to secession and probably made the last Douglas speech ever made in Alabama. While in con gress and secession seemed almost a certainty, he advocated and became a member of the committee of thirty-three to devise means to save the union; but when Alabama seceded, he drafted and presented to the speaker ' the formal withdrawal of the Alabama delegation from the Federal congress. He retired to his home, and though not in. active service, re fused repeatedly to take the oath of allegiance demanded by the Federal authority, and was thoroughly in sympathy with the Confederacy and contributed to its support. At the close of the war he was elected to the U. S. senate, defeating Hon. John Forsyth, of Mobile, and Hon. A. B. Cooper of Wilcox, but was not allowed a seat as his state was denied representation. He was a delegate to the National Union Convention at Philadelphia in 1866; was defeated for the U. S. senate by ex-Gov. Winston that same year; and resumed the practice of law in Athens, in partnership with Hon. Luke Pryor. In 1872 he was a can didate for the Federal senate, but withdrew his name before the election. In 1874, when the radical party was in control of the state, Mr. Houston was elected governor over David P. Lewis in the first Democratic victory after the enforcement of the reconstruction meas ures. As governor, he advocated a policy which converted the penitentiary, that had pre viously been a considerable charge to the state, into a source of state revenue, and urged econ omy in every department of state, setting the example by saving more than ten thousand dollars of the fifteen thousand set aside for contingent expenses. The most important measure before the legislature during his ad ministration was the State debt. In a mes sage to the legislature, Gov. Houston recom mended the appointment of a committee to in vestigate and make some adjustment of it The committee was composed of T. B. Bethea Levi W. Lawless, and George S. Houston, chairman. Under the management of that committee, the bonded debt of thirty million dollars was reduced within a period of five years to a figure which was easily handled by the state, and under Gov. Houston's adminis tration the state was restored to a condition which brought it into agreement with the Union. At the expiration of his term, he was re-elected, and shortly afterward was balloted for in the caucus for U. S. senator. He with drew his name in order to serve his second term as governor, and at the expiration of that STOUTEN H. DENT DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 851 term was sent to the senate. He served in the extra session of 1879, but did not return to Washington on account of ill health. He died late in that year at his home in Athens. Married: (1) in 1835, at Athens, to Mary I. Beatty, daughter of Robert Beatty; (2) in April, 1861, to Ellen Irvine, of Florence, daugh ter of James Irvine, one of the leading lawyers of the state at that time. Children, by first marriage: 1. David, entered the C. S. Army as captain of a company in the Ninth Alabama regiment, was afterward a member of Gen. Roddy's command, d. September 7, 1880, un married; 2. George Smith, jr., attended school in Washington, D. C, and a military school at Nashville, Tenn., left school to enter the C. S. Army, 1863, as a private in Johnson's regi ment of Gen. Roddy's command, later became lieutenant of Gen. Roddy's escort, and served until the close of the war, returned to his farm near Mooresville, Limestone County, m. Janu ary 6, 1870, to Margaret Irvine, daughter of James and Emily (Boggs) Irvine; 3. John P., lawyer, Memphis, Tenn.; 4. Mary E., Athens; and four others, all of whom died before' 1860; by second marriage: 9. Emma, Athens; 10. Maggie Lou, d. November 24, 1877. Last resi dence: Athens. HOUSTON, JAMES H., physician and plan ter, was born December 22, 1826, in Iredell County, N. C, and died in Uniontown at a ma ture age; son of James H. and Sarah Lee (Kerr) Houston, both natives of Iredell County; grandson of Capt. James Houston and wife, a Miss Brevard, the former a native of Ireland who immigrated to North Carolina and fought in the American Revolution, participating in the battle of Ramsour's Mill, near Lincolnton, N. C, in which his father also fought and was severely wounded, and of James Kerr, the ter mer a soldier of the American Revolution, par ticipating in the battle at Ramsour's Mill, N. C. Dr. Houston grew to manhood in his native State; graduated from Davidson college in 1845, and in medicine from the university of Pennsyl vania in 1848. He moved to Alabama in 1856 and located in Uniontown where he practised his profession throughout a long and successful career. He entered the Confederate service as surgeon in 1863, and although in several battles was never wounded. In 1873 he was made su perintendent of education for Perry County and served one year. Although loyal to his section after the period of reconstruction on account of national issues he joined the Republican party. He was a Presbyterian. Married: in 1852, at Stubville, to Mary Jane, daughter of Absey Simonton and wife, Miss Falls, daughter of General Falls. Children: 1. Robert Lee, at one time postmaster in Birmingham; 2. Lula, m. C. A. Tyrell, druggist and mayor, Uniontown; 3. Isabella. Last residence: Uniontown. HOUSTON, SAMUEL O., lawyer, was born February 2, 1851, in Harris County, Ga.; son of George W. and Nancy (Ward) Houston, na tives respectively of North Carolina and Geor gia, the former a farmer. He attended the Agri cultural and mechanical college, Auburn, grad uated at the University of Georgia in 1869, farmed a while and read law, being admitted to the Lee County bar in 1881. Five years later he formed a partnership with Judge John M. Chilton, but the connection continued only one year. Residence: Opelika. HOUSTON, SAMUEL S., pioneer physician and public official, a native of a northern State, was register in the public land office at St. Stephens; represented Washington County in the legislature of 1840, and several times there after. Last residence: St. Stephens. HOUSTON, W. W., Presbyterian minister; mentioned in Burgette's "Dead of the Synod of Alabama," 1890-1900. HOWARD, HARRY CLAY, methodist minis ter, was born March 20, 1866, at Bell's Land ing, Monroe County; son of Alexander Travis and Mary Florence (Powell) Howard, the for mer a soldier in the C. S. Army, and a resi dent of Bell's Landing for many years, the latter of Clarke County; grandson of James and Sarah (Stephens) Howard of Milledge ville, Ga., and Joseph B. and Margaret (John son) Powell, natives of Clarke County. Dr. Howard received his elementary education in the common schools at Bell's Landing; en tered Southern university, Greensboro, where he led his classes, and was selected to be tutor in mathematics. While in college, he was editor-in-chief of the college annual and month ly, and represented his literary society, in a number of oratorical contests and debates. He was graduated with the degree of B. S., in 1889; the honorary degree of D. D. was conferred upon him in 1908. Entered the north Alabama conference, in November, 1889; has served the following places as pastor; Anniston, Tuscaloosa, Huntsville, and Talla dega, has been presiding elder of the following districts: Florence, Jasper, Talladega and Tus caloosa; has also been pastor of the South Highlands Methodist church, Birmingham. He is at present a professor at Emory uni versity, Ga. He is a member of the Alpha Tau Omega college fraternity. He was chair man of the north Alabama conference dele gation to the general conference held in Bir mingham, in May, 1906, was also member of the general conference held in Ashville, in May, 1910; contributor to the Methodist quar terly review; special lecturer to college stu dents; and frequent commencement speaker and preacher. Married: April 30, 1891, at Greensboro, to Lucia E., daughter of Dr. Luther M.and Callie (Lane) Smith (q. v.), of Greens boro. Children: 1. Helen, m. Arthur J. Phil lips; 2. Ruth; 3. Arthur Smith; 4. Mildred; 5. Marion Thornton. Residence: Oxford, Ga. HOWARD, JAMES HURT, farmer and mem ber constitutional convention, 1867, was born May 15, 1841, at Tuskegee and died December 19, 1874; son of Dr. Robert and Rebecca (Hurt) Howard, the former a practicing physician at Tuskegee; grandson of Maj. James and Tabitha (Motley) Howard, the former a soldier in the 852 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY War of 1812, and of Henry and Emily (Sledge) Hurt. James Howard was educated at Tuske gee; was a lifelong farmer in Crenshaw County; superintendent of education of that county; and a member of the constitutional convention of 1867, from the eighth district, including Crenshaw County. He was almost alone in opposition to the oppressive measure passed by that convention against the South. He was a Democrat; and a Mason. Married: August 16, 1866, at Rutledge, to Amanda M., daughter of Stephen Marshall and Nancy (Ray) Mahone, of Warrior Stand, Macon County. Children: 1. Lucia Pauline, m. Gazaway Lamar, of Tuske gee; 2. Charles James, m. Fannie Belle Mc Queen, of Rutledge. Last residence: Rutledge. HOWARD, JOHN WILLIAM, physician and surgeon, was born May 19, 1858, at Morgan- town, Burke County, N. C; son of Jesse and Susan (Murr) Howard, both of Salisbury, N. C. In the early sixties his father removed from Salisbury to Morgantown, and it was there he received his elementary education; later entered Rutherford college, N. C. He matriculated at the Atlanta medical college in 1890, graduating in 1891. Began the practice of his profession in Shelby County, later re moving to Irondale, where he has since been engaged in the practice. In 1899, he was elected mayor of Irondale. He is a Metho dist; {Democrat; Mason; Odd Fellow; and Knight of Pythias. Married: Gulielma, daugh ter of C. C. and Catherine (Hearne) Stamps, formerly of Georgia, who later moved to Iron- dale. Residence: Irondale. HOWARD, LEONIDAS, Alabama pioneer and genealogist of his family. He was a cousin of Rev. Hosea Holcomb, Gen. Thomas Woodward and Augusta Evans Wilson. Deceased. Last residence: Mulberry. HOWARD, R. C, member of the constitu tional convention of 1861, from Russell County. HOWARD, R. H, member of the constitu tional convention of 1865, from Macon County, HOWARD, THOMAS GREENWOOD, phy sician; graduate from the medical department of the University of Washington, 1868; licensed to practice by the County board of Autauga County. Residence : Selma. HOWARD, WILLIAM B. H, lawyer, was born August 15, 1816, in Columbia, S. C, and died October 15, 1876, near Camden; son of Brutus Howard, a native of Maryland, who moved to South Carolina, and thence to Mon roe County, in 1818. He was descended from the distinguished Howard family of England, a branch of which settled in Maryland, in 1700. He received his elementary education in the public schools of Monroe County, and at the age of nineteen entered a preparatory school in New Jersey. He graduated from Princeton university in 1839, read law in Clai borne, Monroe County, and was admitted to the bar. He was elected to the legislature from Monroe County as a Whig and served 1842 and 1843. In 1855, he represented Mo bile County in the legislature as a Know Noth ing. In 1847, he located in New Orleans, La., and entered upon the practice of the law, but two years later removed to California. In 1851, he returned to Alabama and settled in Mobile, where he practiced his profession and edited the "Evening News," the organ of the Know Nothing party. In 1856, he removed to Camden, Wilcox County. At the outbreak of the War of Secession, he enlisted as a pri vate in the Third Alabama cavalry regiment and served throughout the period ot hostilities. He was solicitor for the eleventh judicial cir cuit, 1865-68, after which time, he resumed the practice of law at Camden. Of him, Brew er's Alabama, p. 582, says: "Mr. Howard is a gentleman of the noblest character, pure in heart, charitable and humane, generous and honorable. He is a ripe scholar, an able advocate, and one of the best political speak ers of the State." Married: in South Carolina, to Elizabeth O. Gaillard of an old and aris tocratic family. Children: 1. son; 2. daughter. Last residence: Camden. HOWARD, WILLIAM JOHN, planter, was born June 3, 1811, at Augusta, Ga., and died November 7, 1873, in Montgomery; son of John and Louisa (Stoner) Howard; grandson of Rhesa and Hannah (Few) Howard, and of Peter Stoner and wife, who was a Miss Minor, all of Augusta, Ga., where they were colonial settlers; great-grandson of William Few, Geor gia's signer of the Declaration of Independ ence. He was educated in the private schools of Augusta. In 1838, he, with a colony of Georgians, settled at Cross-Keys, now Short- ers' station. Here he acquired extensive tracts of land and farmed, owning hundreds of negro slaves. After the close of the War of Seces sion he removed to Montgomery. He was a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: April 24, 1834, to Anne Flewellen, daughter of James and Elizabeth (Slatter) Billingslea, of Clinton, Jones County, Ga. Children: 1. Elizabeth; 2. Louisa Amanda, m. James Rousham Stewart; 3. Alice Ware, m. Robert H. Ramsey; 4. Clau dia Carolina, m. (1) Capt. Nathaniel Clanton, (2) Dr. Francis Marion Letcher; 5. Charles Gordon, m. Mary J. Pierce; 6. Henry Slatter; 7. Anna Parish, m. Hamilton Bonner Metcalf; 8. William Bostwick, m. Minnie (Barrett) Bunkley. Last residence: Montgomery. HOWELL, WILSON P., farmer, state sena tor and member of the constitutional conven tion of 1901, was born March 23, 1832, near Lawrenceville, Gwinnett County, Ga.; son of John and Elizabeth Howell, who resided near Lawrenceville. He received only a limited edu cation, and has been a farmer and local Metho dist minister since reaching maturity. He enlisted July, 1861, as a private in the Confed erate Army, and in 1862 was promoted to be captain of Co. I, 25th Alabama infantry regi ment. From 1865 until 1868 he was tax assessor of Calhoun County. He served in the house of representatives from Cleburne County, 1870, re-elected in 1872 and again in 1886; elected to the State senate from the seventh district, 1876. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 5553 He served several times as enrolling clerk of the house and senate; and was employed from 1888 until 1892 as a clerk in the office of the State treasurer. He was elected without oppo sition to the constitutional convention of 1901, from Cleburne County. He is a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: (1) December 29, 1850, Harriet V. Parker, who died in 1899; (2) February 14, 1901, to Mrs. Rebecca L. (Boker) Hendon. Residence: Oak Level. HOWLE, WILLIAM HENRY, farmer; was born April 16, 1874, at Arbacoochee, Cleburne County; son of John Henry and Mary Delany (Blake) Howie; grandson of Peter Morgan and Malissa Howie, the former a native of South Carolina, went through the War of Se cession in Wheeler's cavalry, served as tax collector for Randolph County, and was later county commissioner of Cleburne County, and of Henry and Sarah Jane Blake, the former also a member of Wheeler's cavalry, C. S. Army. All of these people were Baptists and all very successful farmers at Arbacoochee. Thomas Blake, the maternal great-grandfather of Mr. Howie, came from Georgia and settled in Randolph County, and represented Randolph County during one term of Legislature. Mr. Howie received his education in the common schools of Cleburne County; was justice of peace from 1906 to 1918; is a farmer; a Dem ocrat; and a Missionary Baptist. Married: October 4, 1896, to Minnie Lou, daughter of John Franklin and Emily Lee McKinzie. Chil dren: 1. Cecil Edgar; 2. John Wilmer; 3. Joseph Paul; 4. Stella May; 5. Pelm; 6. Henry Clayton; 7. Robert Comer; 8. Emry Aster; 9. Braxton Bragg; 10. Ozella Delany; 11. Alton Brown. Residence : Heflin. HOWZE, AUGUSTIN CLAYTON, lawyer, was born August 17„ 1846, at Athens, Clarke County, Ga.; son of John and Claudia (Clay ton) Howze (q. v.). He received his prepara tory education in the public schools of Mar ion, and attended Howard college for several terms. He graduated from the university of Georgia, 1869, with the degree of A. B.; studied law in the office of Gov. Andrew B. Moore, in Marion; was admitted to the bar, November, 1869, and has practiced in Marion and Birmingham, where he now resides. He was probate judge of Perry County from April, 1871, to November, 1874; and special judge of the criminal court of Jefferson County in 1908; appointed a member of the board of visitors to the Military academy, West Point, N. Y., by President Roosevelt, June, 1902; elected member of the constitutional convention, 1901, from the ninth district. He was a private in Battery B., under Capt. Joseph Selden, later under Capt. Charles W. Lovelace, from Sep tember, 1863, to the surrender in 1865. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: (1) in February, 1870, to Vallie, daughter of Dr. Henry Jones R. and Susan (Stroud) Long, of Athens, Ga.; (2) December 10, 1889, to Mrs. Nannie (Dillard) Arrington, daughter of James R Dillard (q. v.), of Montgomery. Children: by first wife, 1. Henry Russell, lawyer, gradu ated at the University of Alabama, 1891, with degree of A. B., LL. B., instructor in mathe matics at that institution, 1890-01, m. Min nie Love, Birmingham; 2. Susie, m. Preston Hampton Haskell, Mineral, Va.; 3. John, cot ton buyer, m. Kate Fontain Meade, Birming ham; 4. Marion William, U. S. army, judge advocate general department, Chicago, 111.; 5. Gerald, lieutenant, U. S. navy, S. S. Florida. Residence: Birmingham. HOWZE, JOHN, merchant and farmer, was born January 22, 1822, at Louisburg, Franklin County, N. C, died April 26, 1902, at Marion, Perry County; son of Henry Yarborough and Kekomoisa (Mitchell) Howze, of Louisburg, who later located in Marion, Perry County, where he died in 1862; grandson of John Howze and wife, who was a Miss Yarborough, of Louisburg, N. C, and of Dr. Thomas Mitchell of North Carolina. John Howze was educated in the common schools of his native county and when young located in Mobile, where he learned the cotton business and became a commission merchant at that place. He after wards removed to Perry County and engaged in farming. He merchandized in Marion for nearly fifty years. He was captain of a com pany of State troops during the early years of the War of Secession and was stationed at Fts. Morgan and Gaines. He was a Whig before hostilities but became a Democrat after wards; and a Mason. Married: October 1, 1845, at Athens, Ga., to Claudia Caroline, daughter of Augustin Smith and Julia (Carnes) Clayton, the former a prominent citi zen of Georgia, about 1805 to 1839, a judge of some of its courts and for many years a member of congress. The family came from Virginia and Clayton Torrence in his book "Rootes of Rosewall," gives a full account of his ances try. Children: 1. Augustin Clayton (q. v.), m. (1) Vallie Long; (2) Nannie (Dillard) Arrington, Birmingham; 2. Harry Y., Marion, merchant and planter; 3. John, m. Fannie Perry, Marion ; 4. Claudia Caroline, m. — Jones, Selma; 5. Thomas Mitchell, m. Annie North, Marion; 6. Leonora Clayton, m. Rev. James A. Bryan, Birmingham; 7. Mallie Cobb, m. Basil Manly Lide, St. Louis, Mo. Last residence: Marion. HOY, MARY LAVINIA THOMPSON, author, was born in South Carolina, in 1856; daughter of George Franklin and Rachel Emily (Cri men) Thompson, the former a Methodist min ister, and member of the Mississippi confer ence at the time of his death, 1892. Mrs. Hoy is descended from the Taylors, Alstons, and Kirklands of South Carolina. She was edu cated in Memphis, Tenn. Author: "Adienne." Married: (1) William Bowles McGaughy, of New Orleans, La.; (2) Frank Lawson Hoy, of Birmingham. Children, by first husband: 1. Harry Anderson, Lordsburg, New Mexico, m. Virgie Frantz, of Brandon, Miss; 2. Snowden, m. Eva Gaddis, of Mississippi, residence Gads den; 3. William Bowles, m. Helen Ford, of Canton, Miss.; 4. Jennie Bowles; 5. George Thompson, Birmingham. Residence: Birming ham. 854 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY HOYLE, GEORGE HARVEY, real estate ab stractor, was born February 24, 1863, at Tensas, now Carpenters, Baldwin County; son of Alex ander M. and Olive A. (Overton) Hoyle, the former was reared in Monroe County, Tenn., later moving to Tensas where he resided; grandson of John Overton of South Carolina, a soldier in the army of Gen. Jackson, in the War of 1812, who shortly after the close of the war located in Baldwin County. He was edu cated in the primary schools of Mobile, and at the Barton academy. On account of ill health he spent several years in Texas; upon his re turn in 1884 he entered the bee business and followed this trade for five years; in 1889 re turned to Baldwin County; in 1890 engaged in the publication of a newspaper called the "Daphne Times," in 1894 this paper was sold, it now publishes under the name of the "Bald win Times"; was a clerk of circuit court of Baldwin County; 1892-98; in 1892 engaged in real estate and land abstract business at Daphne where he continues at this time; in August, 1900, was elected as a representative from Baldwin County to the legislature of 1901. He is a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: May 26, 1897, at Bromley, to Evie Dolive, the widow of Alfred Bates, deceased. Residence: Daphne. HUBBARD, DAVID, representative in con gress and first Confederate commissioner of Indian affairs, was born in Tennessee about 1792, and died in Louisiana in 1874; son of Major Hubbard of Virginia, an officer in the Revolutionary Army. The Hubbards are of Scotch descent. David Hubbard received his early education in the country schools, and had just entered an academy when he volun teered to serve under Gen. Jackson at New Orleans, where he held the rank of major, served as quartermaster, and received a wound in the hip. After the War he came to Ala bama (see Saunders), located in Huntsville, worked as a carpenter and took up the study of law, later removing to Florence, where he was elected solicitor and held this office for four years. He removed his family to Moul ton, Lawrence . County, 1827, entered the mer cantile business and engaged in politics, being elected a member of the State senate from this county in the same year, and again in 1828, and was chosen a member of the house of rep resentatives for seven times. He moved to Courtland in 1829 and engaged in buying and selling Chickasaw Indian land, was elected to the U. S. congress, served as a member of the committee of ways and means, 1839-41; de feated by Gen. Houston, three times presi dential elector of the Democratic party, 1845; and re-elected to the 31st congress, 1849-51. He was appointed by the governor as a delegate to the Southern commercial congress, April, 1859, at Savannah, Ga.; was a presidential elector on the Breckenridge and Lane ticket, 1860; a representative in the Confederate States con gress, 1861-63; and was appointed Confederate States Indian commissioner, 1863-65, filling this important position with the greatest sagacity and tact. Throughout his life in this State he guarded her interests most faithfully and with ability. He served on the board of trus tees of the University of Alabama, 1828-35; built one of the first railroads in the United States, this being from Tuscumbia to Florence, the cars being run on wooden rails; estab lished cotton factories, tanneries, shoe factories and flour mills and had his slaves instructed in all these trades. He suffered heavy losses during the occupancy of Lawrence County by the Federal troops, and after peace was de clared removed to Spring Hill, Tenn., estab lished a tan yard near Ewell station and, with the help of his former slaves, succeeded in re gaining a part of his lost fortune. He died in Louisiana while on a visit to his son, Duncan. Married: (1) to Miss Campbell, niece of George W. Campbell, of Nashville, Tenn., once minister to Russia, and sister of Argyle Camp bell, a lawyer of Moulton, later of Columbia, Miss., and (2) to Miss Stoddard, of Tennessee. Children: 1. Mary, m. Dr. John Tucker, of Virginia; 2. Duncan, m. (1) Miss Chambers, of Virginia, and (2) Miss Edmonson, of Holly Springs, Miss.; 3. David, m. (1) Miss Wiley, of Holly Springs, Miss., (2) Miss Holt, of New Orleans; 4. Caledonia, m. Gaston Henderson, of Mississippi; 5. Emma, m. James Young, son of Col. G. H. Young, of Waver ley, Miss; 6. George C, killed at battle of Bakers Creek, Miss., m. Margaret, daughter of Oswald King, of Lawrence County. Last residence: Spring Hill, Tenn. HUBBARD, GRAPH JOHN, lawyer, was born January 1, 1871, at Troy; son of John P. and Ann Gaines (Coombs) Hubbard (q. v.). He attended the common schools of Troy; was graduated from Howard college, A. B., 1889; received certificates in special courses in his tory, language and literature from the Uni versity of Alabama, 1891; and was graduated from that university, LL. B., 1892. He began the practice of law at Troy, 1892; served as alderman of Troy, 1899-1901; as recorder of Troy, 1901-1906; register in chancery for Pike County, 1908-1914; clerk and treasurer of Troy, 1910-1915; and represented Pike County in the State legislature,, 1914-1915. Mr. Hub bard served as second lieutenant, Co. H, First infantry, Alabama national guard, May, 1894- October, 1894; as captain of that company, October, 1894-July, 1899; lieutennt colonel, First infantry, Alabama national guard, July, 1899-February, 1909; colonel, First infantry, February, 1909-1915. He was captain of Co. H, Second Alabama infantry, U. S. volunteers during the Spanish-American War. He is a Democrat; Baptist; Mason; Odd Fellow; Knight of Pythias; Elk; Woodman of the World; and has been officially connected with the Spanish American War Veterans, and the Sons of Confederate Veterans. Married: (1) April 24, 1901, at Troy, to Camilla Hilliard, daughter of William J. and Laura (Bullard) Hilliard, of Troy, the former a soldier in the C. S. Army probate judge of Pike County for eighteex years, and a representative of that county for one term; (2) June 28, 1906, at Troy, to Sallie Williams, daughter of John D. and Mary (Mark) Williams, of Troy, the former who served as alderman of Troy and as county DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 855 commissioner of Pike County. Children, by first marriage: 1. Laura Gaines; by second marriage: 2. John Tryon. Residence: Troy. HUBBARD, JOHN PERTILLER, lawyer, was born August 7, 1836, near Bruceville, Pike County, and died September 16, 1904, at Troy; son of William Tryon and Amy (Youngblood) Hubbard, the former a native of Albion, Or leans County, N. Y., who moved from New York to Connecticut, then to South Carolina, and finally to Alabama, settling near Bruceville, and served Pike County in the State legislature, the latter who came from South Carolina. He received his early schooling in the country schools of Pike County; at Orion institute; at Tuskegee; and at Brownwood institute, La Grange, Ga.; and was graduated from Howard college, Marion, with second honors, 1859. He studied law in the office of David A. Clopton and R. H. Ligon; was admitted to the bar, 1860; and began to practice at Troy. In 1861, he enlisted as a private in Co. I, Twenty-sec ond Alabama infantry regiment; and after the war, returned to Troy and resumed the practice of law. He was elected to the State legis lature, 1868, and was a member of that body until 1873, being speaker of the house during the latter session: He was returned to the legislature in 1876; was elected judge of the second circuit in 1880; and was reelected in 1886. He was a Democrat, a Baptist, and a member of Phi Gamma Delta college fraternity. Married: December 23, 1869, at Troy, to Ann Gaines, a native of Savannah, Ga., daugh ter of John S. and Mary E. (Provos) Coombs, of Savannah, Ga., and Selma. Chil dren: 1. Graph John (q. v.) ; 2. Amy, m. John Key Murphree; 3. Mittice Ann, m. J. Mack Pennington, deceased. Last residence: Troy. HUBBARD, LEWIS W., grand commander, Masons, was born February 1, 1851, in Mont gomery. He removed to Selma in January, 1880. He was elected grand commander of the grand commandery, in 1903. Married: in December, 1877, to S. Josephine Medley, of Selma. Residence: Selma. HUBBARD, SAMUEL DANA, sr., banker and merchant, was born September 4, 1807, in Wiscasset, Me., and died January, 1883, in Montgomery; son of Samuel, jr., and Phoebe (Hatch) Hubbard, of Berlin, Conn., who re moved to Marshfield, Mass. He was educated in the schools of his community; graduated from Bowdoin college, where he was a student under Longfellow, the poet. He received finan cial training, and, at an early age, removed to Mobile, 1830, where he associated himself with Perley Gerald in merchandising. Later they opened a trading-post with the Indians at Tal- • lassee. In 1836 he removed to Montgomery, where he was associated with the Alabama bank. He continued in the banking business after the close of the State bank, until 1865. In 1868 he was made clerk of the circuit court; and later became clerk of the county board of revenue, which position he held until his death. In this office he rendered valuable serv ices to the county during reconstruction times by preventing frauds which would have in volved the county in overwhelming debt. At his own expense, assisted by Mr. George No ble, he opened and straightened South Court and South Perry streets. A double row of oaks and elms were planted by him along the latter street, many of which are still standing. He was a Whig and a Union man, but followed Alabama in 1861, in her fortunes after seces sion. His eldest son served the entire four years of the war as a Confederate soldier. He was a Presbyterian; and an Odd Fellow. Mar ried: August 16, 1837, in Montgomery, to Frances Wells, daughter of Ebenezer and Fran ces (Wells) Russell, who removed from Con necticut to Springfield, Mass., representatives of the same family to which James Russell Sewell belongs. She came, about 1832, to Ala bama to live with her brother, Henry Wells Russell, Indian agent at Tallassee in 1851. Children: 1. Mary, m. William T. Taylor, of Snowdoun; 2. Samuel Dana, jr., m. Mary Char lotte Taylor, of Snowdoun; 3. Ebenezer Russell, d. 1865; 4. Charles Russell, unmar ried, d. 1873; 5. William Henry, (q. v.), m. (1) Josephine Poellnitz; (2) Augusta Bran non; 6. Louis, m. Sara Josephine Medley; 7. Frances Wells Russell, m. George Clinton Clis by; 8. Ellen Caroline, d. 1864. Last residence: Montgomery. HUBBARD, THOMAS, soldier of the Amer ican Revolution, aged 79, and a resident of Morgan County; lieutenant, quartermaster and sergeant Virginia State Troops; enrolled on March 23, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $296.66; sums received to date of publication of list, $889.98. — Revolution ary Pension Roll, in Vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Morgan County, June 1, 1840, aged 87. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. HUBBARD, WILLIAM DAVID, Baptist min ister, was born at Jemison, Chilton County; son of Davis and Rebekah (Cobb) Hubbard, the former a native of Chilton County, near Randolph, a planter, who lived at Helena and in Jefferson County, and was a soldier in the C. S. Army for -three years; grandson of John and Susan (Jones) Hubbard, of Georgia, and of Alexander and Rebekah (Underwood) Cobb, who lived in Alabama. Two of his great grandfathers were soldiers in the Revolution. The Hubbard family emigrated originally from Wales, and settled in New England, then moved to Georgia, Alabama and Texas. He re ceived his early education in the country schools and in Helena high school, and was graduated from Howard college, East Lake, A. B., 1892, and from the Southern Bap tist seminary, at Louisville, Ky., 1895, with the degree of graduate in theology. The honorary degree of D. D. was conferred by Howard college 1906. He became a Bap tist minister in 1887, and has served as pastor of the churches at Greenville, Eufaula, Ra leigh, N. C, Troy, and Huntsville. Because of a breakdown in his health at the latter place in 1911, he withdrew from active work for two 856 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY years, and after that time was stationed at Dadeville. He is a Democrat; a Mason; a Knight of Pythias; an Odd Fellow; a Knight of Honor; and a member of Sigma Nu college fra ternity. Married: in 1895, at East Lake, to Allina Bestor, daughter of Henry Everette and Julia (Bestor) Coleman, of Virginia, the former a native of that state, of English descent; granddaughter of Dr. D. P. Bestor, (minister and educator, who came south from New England long before the War of Se cession, and was president of a college at Greensboro at one time. Children: 1. Julia Bestor; 2. Evelyn Shilman. Residence: Dade ville. HUBBARD, WILLIAM HENRY, banker, was bora September 14, 1845, in Montgomery; son of Samuel Dana, sr., and Frances Wells (Russell) Hubbard (q. v.). He was educated in the private schools of Montgomery, at tended the Military college of Montgomery, and was trained in bookkeeping by his father. He engaged in school teaching for a while but later in bookkeeping and was connected with the Capitol city insurance co., now dis solved. He is vice-president of the Fourth national bank, Montgomery. He is a Demo crat; and a Presbyterian. Married: (1) in 1873, in Marengo County, to Josephine Poell nitz, (2) in 1886, to Augusta Brannon, of Eufaula. Children: by the first wife: 1. Jose phine, died in infancy; by the second wife: 2. Thomas Brannon, M. D., m. Mrs. Nicholas Marks; 3. Louis, civil engineer, in France in European War; 4. Margaret, m. Robert Den- ham, civil engineer, U. S. rivers and harbors service. Residence: Montgomery. HUDDLESTON, GEORGE, lawyer, was born November 11, 1869, in Wilson County, Tenn.; son of Joseph Franklin and Nancy (Sherrill) Huddleston, of Wilson County, Tenn.; grand son of George Augustus and Harriet (Cum ming) Huddleston, of Huddleston's Cross Roads, Wilson County, Tenn., the former a na tive of Buckingham County, Va., and of Samuel Wilson and Eliza (Bomar) Sherrill, of Wil son County, Tenn.; great-grandson of George and Lucy (Winston) Huddleston, the latter a relative of Gov. Winston, of Alabama, and of William J. and Elizabeth (Terry) Bomar, the former a Virginian, and a descendant of Ed ward Bomar of S. Farnham, Essex County, Va.; great-great-grandson of Capt. Samuel Wilson, in command of the east Tennessee riflemen at Kings Mountain, and of Thomas Terry, a Rev olutionary soldier in Virginia. The Bomars and Huddlestons were both English families, the latter, settling in Virginia in 1670. Mr. Huddleston was educated in the country schools, and at Cumberland university, where he was graduated, LL. B., 1891. He began to practice law in Birmingham in 1891, and retired in 1913. He served as alderman of Birming ham, 1910; was a private in Co. K, First Ala bama regiment, Spanish-American War, 1898; is a Democrat; an Odd Fellow, serving as grand representative sovereign grand lodge, 1909- 1910, and grand warden, grand lodge, 1912. He is author of fugitive poems, one of which was published in the "Lawyers' Alcove," Doubleday Page & Company, 1900. Residence: Birming ham. HUDDLESTON, ROBERT LEE, physician; was born February 26, 1864, near Rocky Mount, Merriwether County, Ga.; son of Dr. Joseph Allen and Martha (Head) Huddleston, the former of Oglethrope County, Ga., who was a surgeon in the C. S. Army, the latter of Eaton ton, Putnam County, Ga.; grandson of Allen and Selina (Hudspeth) Huddleston of Ogle thrope, Ga., and of Dr. James Daniel and Martha Head, of Eatonton, Putnam County, Ga. The Huddleston family is of Scotch de scent. Dr. Huddleston was educated in the common schools, at Bowdon college, in the medical department of the University of Ala bama, and was graduated with the degree of M. D. from the medical department of Uni versity of Georgia. He began the practice of medicine at Weoka, Elmore County; was sur geon for the Louisville and Nashville railroad company; "was elected justice of the peace in Autauga County, 1892, and in 1896; was ap pointed physician for State convicts, 1897, by Gov. Johnston; reappointed to same position by Gov. Comer and Gov. O'Neal; and repre sented Elmore County in the legislature, 1911. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; a Mason; an Odd Fellow, and a Knight of Pythias. Mar ried: May 6, 1891, at Columbus, Ga., to Mat- tie, daughter of John W. and Susan Howard, of Weoka, the former who was a Con federate soldier, and lost a leg in the service. Children: 1. Edna; 2. Winston; 3. Roberta. Residence : Speigner. HUDGINS, LAFAYETTE CALHOUN, public official, was born February 13, 1855, near Moore's Bridge, Tuscaloosa County; son of Lemuel Tillman and Lucretia Isabelle (Lath am) Hudgins, who lived near Carrollton, Pick ens County, and near Moore's Bridge, Tusca loosa County, the former a native of Pickens County, born July 20, 1825, near Carrollton, who was captain and major in the Forty-first Alabama regiment, C. S. A., and was killed at the siege of Petersburg; grandson of Austin and Nancy (Mangum) Hudgins, who lived near Car rollton, the former a native of South Carolina, and of Anthony and Isabelle Latham, who also lived near Carrollton. He was edu cated in the country schools of Pickens County and at Carrollton academy, and was occu pied until 1888 in farming and teaching school. He was elected sheriff of Pickens County in 1888 and served four years; was elected probate judge in 1898; and was re elected to that position in 1904 and 1910. He is a Democrat; a member of the Missionary ¦ Baptist church; a Mason and an Odd Fellow. Residence : Carrollton. HUDGINS, TARLTON L., business man, was born February 22, 1814, in Pickens County, S. C; son of James and Margaret (Williams) Hudgins, natives of South Carolina, who moved from that state to Habersham County, Ga., where they engaged in farming. He remained on the home farm until he was sixteen years DR. FRANCIS G. DU BOSE DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 859 old, then learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed for twelve years. In 1835, he located in Walker County, Ga., where he be came a carpenter and builder. He moved to Alabama in 1842, and engaged in manufactur ing machinery for crushing gold ore in Talla poosa County. He was a manufacturer of cot ton gins near Columbus, Ga., 1844-1846; en gaged in the mercantile business in Talladega County, 1846-1855, and at Wetumpka, 1855- 1858. During the War of Secession, he was commissioned and served as district collector of the income tax from 1862 until the end of the war, then resumed merchandising, residing at Vicksburg, until 1871. He was a merchant in Tuscaloosa, 1872-1877; located in Birming ham, 1877; engaged in merchandising for three years; established a private banking house with W. S. Mudd and Josiah Morris, under the name of T. L. Hudgins and company, April, 1880, and was elected its president; when that bank was chartered as the City bank, was again elected president; was a stockholder and di rector of the First national bank which he helped organize; was one of the organizers of the Birmingham insurance company, and was its president until May, 1866, when on account of ill health he was forced to resign; was a stockholder in the Birmingham iron works; and in the New Castle iron and coal company. He was a Baptist. Married: (1) in 1834, to Ann D. Meroney, of Greenville, S. C, who died March, 1879; (2) December 6, 1882, to Lucy, daughter of William Pope, of Talladega County. Children: 1. Tarlton L, jr.; 2. Marie S. Last residence: Birmingham. HUDMON, WILLIAM E., merchant, was born December 30, 1843, in Chambers County; son of Daniel N. and Sarah (Collins) Hudmon, the former a native of Georgia, a merchant and planter and the latter a native of Tennessee. He was educated at Beulah academy. He en tered the mercantile business in partnership with his brother, J. F. Hudmon, at Beulah, purchased his brother's interest, January 1, 1873, continuing until March, 1877, when he moved to Opelika, and, in the fall of 1878, formed a partnership with G. W. Hopson. In January, 1880, this firm succeeded the Messrs. Edwards and became known as Hudmon brothers and company. He enlisted in April, 1862, as a private in Co. C, 1st battalion, Hil liard's Alabama legion afterwards the 16th Ala bama regiment, C. S. Army, remaining in active service until the close of the war. He was wounded at Chickamauga, taken prisoner March 31, 1865, near Petersburg, Va., and im prisoned at Point Lookout, Md. He has served as mayor of Opelika. He is a Baptist; Knight of Golden Rule; and a Mason. Married: (1) December 17, 1865, to Mary E. Dickens, of Beulah; (2) in February, 1888, to Mrs. A. E. (Sutton) Milford. Children: by first wife, 1. Dona Belle, m. Benjamin A. Cooper, of Opelika. Residence: Opelika. HUDNUT, JOSEPH, teacher, was born March 27, 1884, at Big Rapids, Mich.; son of Edward Webster and Thyrza (Fairman) Hudnut, the former a native of Louisville, Ky., who lived Vol. Ill— 55 at Detroit and Big Rapids, Mich., and was a manufacturer, capitalist and banker; grandson of Joseph and Marcia (Webster) Hudnut, who lived at Chicago, the former a brevet major general in the War of Secession, and a de scendant of an English family who settled in New York about 1820, and went west about 1850, and of Ferdinand and Julia (Waters) Fairman, who lived at Big Rapids, Mich. He attended Michigan military academy, Orchard Lake, Mich.; was graduated at the University of Michigan, B. Arch,; attended Harvard uni versity for two years; and the University of Pennsylvania for one term. He served as in structor in the Detroit technical schools, 1908, and as professor in the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1912. He is a Democrat and a Uni tarian. Married: December 28, 1912, at Phil adelphia, to Claire, daughter of Charles P. and Elizabeth (King) Ring, of Philadelphia. Resi dence: Auburn. HUDSON, BENJAMIN, planter, was born in middle Tennessee, and died in 1848 in Ken tucky. He came to Franklin County in 1820 or 1821, and settled on a plantation. He rep resented Franklin County in the State legis lature in 1828, and subsequently served five years in the lower house and twelve years in the State senate before 1847. He developed cancer about that time and died the next year in Kentucky, while seeking medical advice. Dur ing his years in the senate, he was a member of the principal committees and was for the greater part of the time the chairman of the committee on accounts. It was said of him that he had made more motions, explanations and suggestions during his service -in the sen ate than any other member. His long service in that body had made him perfectly familiar with the rules of the senate and with parlia mentary law in general, so that whenever a difficulty occurred in points of order, Mr. Hud son was apt to be called on by the president to say what was the practice. He was a Demo crat. Last residence: Franklin County. HUDSON, CLAY IRBY, Baptist minister, was born January 21, 1884, at Tuskegee, Macon County; son of Felix Thurman and Mary Frances (Parker) Hudson, the former who was born near Rock Mills, Randolph County, who served throughout the War of Secession, was a Baptist minister for twenty-five years, and served as postmaster at Auburn for a number of years; grandson of Cicero Demosthenes and Matilda (Beadles) Hudson, who lived at Cow eta County, Ga., and of Ephraim and Mary San ders (Stamps) Parker, who lived in Randolph County. His great-grandparents came from England. Rev. Hudson received his early edu cation in the schools at Auburn; attended Ala bama polytechnic institute at Auburn, Howard College at Birmingham, and pursued a theo logical course at Union university, Jackson, Tenn. He entered upon the ministry of the Baptist church in August, 1904; became pastor of Pleasant Hill Baptist church in 1908; served the North Edgefield Baptist church at Nash ville, Tenn., 1908-1910; the Rust Memorial church at Nashville, 1910-1911; and took charge 860 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY of the pastorate at Decatur in 1911. He is a Knight of Pythias, and a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon college fraternity; Married: De cember 28, 1909, at Nashville, Tenn., to Colice Cecile, daughter of James Faucher and Hattie Belle (Stuart) Corbitt, who lived at Nashville, Tenn. Residence: Decatur. HUDSON, JOHN B., member of the constitu tional convention of 1875, from Covington County. HUDSON, PERCY SPENCER, Methodist min ister, was born April 18, 1879, at Tuskegee, Macon County; son of Daniel Mason and Mar garet (Boutwell) Hudson, the former a native of Berea, O., who lived at Tuskegee, was a min ister in the Methodist Episcopal church, South, served missions, circuits, stations and districts, and was considered an authority on theological subjects; grandson of Dr. and Prusia (Tuthil) Hudson, who lived at Berea, O., the former a physician and Baptist minister, and of Dixon H. Boutwell, who came from Milledgeville, Ga., to Clarke County, married a Miss Hancock of Virginia, and settled at Choctaw Corner; a descendant of Henry Hudson, discoverer of the Hudson River; and a relative of a Boutwell who was in Lincoln's cabinet. Two of his mother's brothers were killed in the War of Secession, and some of them served in the Mexican War. Several ancestors served in the war of the Revolution. Rev. Hudson received his first instruction at home; attended public and private schools, including Rev. John Mot ley's private school; and took his last course at the Alabama military institute, under Prof. W. D. Fonville, president. For some time he taught school, and later studied law, but en tered the ministry before beginning the prac tice. He entered the Alabama conference in December, 1903, and was appointed to serve the Headland charge. Several years later, he spent some time in Montana in mission work, then returned to the Alabama conference. He was the first Methodist to preach in Samson, and organized the Methodist church at that place. He was appointed county registrar by Gov. Johnson in 1900, but the office was abol ished under the constitution of 1901. For a year, Rev. Hudson contributed a weekly signed editorial to the Montgomery "Times" on re ligious, moral and reform subjects, and later was a weekly contributor to the Camden "News." He is a Democrat; a Mason; a Knight of Pythias; and an Odd Fellow. Married: August 25, 1904, at Headland, to Coral Kath leen, a native of Fort Gaines, Ga., daugh ter of John Knight and Georgia Annie (Balk- com) West, who lived at Headland; grand daughter of Dr. West of Fort Gaines, Ga., and of Whit Balkcom, of Balkcom, who was a large land owner. Children: 1. Percy Donnelly; 2. Mary Louise; 3. Philip Sibert Residence: Camden. HUDSON, THOMAS, retired public official, was born August 28, 1841, at Uniontown, Perry County; son of Richard H. and Sarah (Cham bers) Hudson, who lived at Uniontown, the former a native of Virginia, who came from that state to Alabama when he was seventeen years of age, and became a successful mer chant of Uniontown, where he died in 1863, the latter a native of Clarke County, and a granddaughter of Gen. Joseph Chambers, of the War of 1812. He was prepared for college at Uniontown, entered the University of Ala bama in 1857, leaving that institution in 1859 to enter the University of Virginia, where he was a student when Alabama seceded from the Union. He immediately left school and be came a member of an old military company which had at that time tendered its services to the governor of the state, and left for the field in April, 1861. At Dalton that command was reorganized and became the Fourth Ala bama regiment, taking part in the first battle of Manassas. Mr. Hudson was captured at that time, and confined to the Old Capitol prison until the following November, when he was paroled. Early in 1863, he joined Capt. Storr"s cadet company from Tuscaloosa, and became a part of the Seventh Alabama cavalry, with which command he remained until the end of the war. After peace was established, he re turned to Uniontown and followed farming until 1874. He held the office of assistant tax collector, and was elected tax collector for three years. He went to Marion in the fall of 1880 to take charge of the probate judge's office for Judge Stewart, who was incapacitated by ill ness. He purchased the "Southern Standard," of which he became editor and proprietor, changing its name to the Marion "Standard." He has twice been vice-president of the Ala bama press association, has served as Grand Keeper of Records and Seals of the Order of Knights of Pythias; is a member of the Knights of Honor; and of the Order of Iron Hall. Married: in 1863, at Uniontown, to Kittie, who died in August, 1873, daughter of P. H. Pitts, and a niece of Hon. A. C. Davidson, for merly a representative in congress. Children: one daughter and three sons; one son, Philip Pitts, b. December 11, 1872, is a merchant at Uniontown, m. February 24, 1900, at Union- town, to Marie Hungerford. Residence: Marion. HUDSON, WILLIAM MOSES, merchant and representative in the legislature, was born March 12, 1857, near Pigeon Creek, Butler County; son of Joseph and Emily (Fannin) Hudson, the former a farmer of Butler and Montgomery Counties; grandson of Pinkney Alfred Hudson, a native of North Carolina, and of A. W. Fannin, of South Carolina. He was educated in the country schools of Montgomery County, and for twelve years was a clerk for John Wilson, merchant, of Pike Road; during 1889 he was in business in Pike Road on his own account; and since that year has been a merchant in Montgomery. He is now In the wholesale business under the firm name of Hudson and Thompson. Mr. Hudson was for two terms a member of the board of aldermen from ward two; filled out the unexpired term of J. H. Hartley as alderman at large; served on the board of revenue of Montgomery County, during the administration of Gov. W. D. Jelks; and was a member of the house of representa- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 861 fives from Montgomery County, 1915. He is a Democrat; Baptist; Mason; Shriner; Knight of Pythias; and a member of the National union. Married: January 14, 1891, at Pine Level, to Zula, daughter of Nathan D. and Margaret (Blackburn) Wright, of that place, the former a Confederate soldier and farmer. Children: 1. Joe, m. Martha Ray Stewart; 2. Elizabeth, m. Joe Carlisle Mathews; 3. Flor ence. Residence: Montgomery. HUDSON, WILLIAM W., professor of mathe matics and natural philosophy at the Univer sity of Alabama, Tuskaloosa, 1833-37. He held an A. M. degree. HUEY, BENJAMIN MACLIN, lawyer, was born June 15, 1840, at Talladega, and died May 26, 1906, at Marion; son of James Grandison Leroy and Virginia B. (Maclin) Huey (q. v.). He attended Emory college, Oxford, Ga., until his junior year, and was graduated from South ern university at Greensboro, A. B., 1860. He studied law in the office of A. J. Walker, of Talladega until June, 1861, when he enlisted in the C. S. Army, joining Co. E, Tenth Ala bama infantry, as a sergeant. He was with that command about eighteen months, and at Williamsburg, Va., was promoted to second lieutenant for gallantry in action, and assigned to Talladega as drill master. He remained in that position until July, 1864, when he raised a company of infantry of which he was elected captain, and was assigned to a battalion in Mo bile. At that place, while he was absent, his company was captured by Gen. Farragut, and was never exchanged, and subsequently Col. Huey was again assigned to post duty at Talla dega, where he remained until the close of the war. While in the service he had participated in the battles of Dranesville, Williamsburg, Seven Pines, Gaines Mill, Frazier's Farm, Mal vern Hill, second Manassas, Harper's Ferry, Sharpsburg and a number of skirmishes. After peace was established, he located in Marion, and resumed the study of law with ex-Gov. A. B. Moore and Hon. William M. Brooks. He was admitted to the bar in 1866, and from that time until the end of his life, with the excep tion of the years 1869, 1870, and 1871, which he passed on his plantation in Perry County, was actively engaged in the practice of law at Marion. He was elected to the State legisla ture from Perry County, 1878-1879, and de clined the nomination for the following term. He was elected mayor of Marion in 1881, and was sent to the State senate in 1886, declining re-election in both instances. During his serv ice in the senate he introduced a bill to estab lish a state female industrial school and uni versity, the first move in that line ever at tempted in Alabama. The school at Montevallo is the outgrowth of that bill. In 1887, he was appointed by Gov. Thomas Seay as colonel of cavalry on his staff during his four years term of governor. He was one of the trustees of Marion female seminary, and at the time of his death was adjutant general of Second Ala bama United Confederate Veterans, on the staff of Gen. E. P. Bowles. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; a Royal Arch Mason; a Knight Tem plar; past chancellor in the Knights of Pythias; and a Knight of Honor. Married: June 9, 1863, near Marion, to Sarah Elizabeth, daugh ter of Edwin Woody and Rhoda (Langdon) King, who lived on a plantation near Marion, the latter of whom moved from Southington, Hartford County, Conn., when she was ten years old; granddaughter of Gen. E. D. King, a wealthy land and slave owner, and a kins man of William R. King, vice president of the United States. Children: 1. Edwin King, b. July 2, 1864, was cashier of the Excelsior coal company at Gurnee, and later assistant secre tary and treasurer of the New Orleans acid and fertilizer company, m. May 19, 1892, at Meri dian, Miss., to Lizzie Hardy, New Orleans; 2. Eugene Leroy, (q. v.); 3. Benjamin Maclin, jr.; 4. Estelle Virginia, m. William Burt MacBride; 5. Sarah, m. James Harvey Patterson, Mobile; 6. Neva Langdon, m. Charles Austin Miner; 7. Thomas Ford; 8. Clara Augusta, m. William G. Stevens. Last residence: Marion. HUEY, EUGENE LEROY, business man, was born November 6, 1865, at Marion, Perry County; son of Benjamin Maclin and Sarah Elizabeth (King) Huey (q. v.). He was edu cated in a private school; at Howard univer sity; and at the University of Alabama at Tus caloosa, 1882-1883. He went from Marion to a position with the Sloss furnace company, near the present site of Bessemer, and remained with that company for some years. He was in business for himself in Marion for five years, and was assistant postmaster of Bessemer dur ing Cleveland's last administration. He was cashier for a firm of contractors in Guatemala, C. A., October, 1896 — August, 1897; was em ployed by the Bessemer fire brick company first as cashier and later as superintendent; was cashier of the Bessemer national bank, which position he resigned in order to enter the furniture business; and is president and treasurer of the E. L. Huey furniture com pany. He served three terms as alderman of the city of Bessemer. Mr. Huey was second lieutenant of Co. M, Alabama state troops, 1892-1893; is commander of the Third brigade of Alabama Sons of Confederate Veterans, and was assistant quarter master general under Dr. Clarence Owen's administration as commander in chief of the Sons of Veterans. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; past chancellor of the Knights of Pythias; and a Woodman of the World. Married: October 10, 1899, at Bessemer, to Mattie M., daughter of Chambers and Maria (Jordan) McAdory, who lived at Jonesboro. Children: 1. Marie Elizabeth, b. November 5, 1900, d. July 19, 1902; 2. Amy McAdory, b. April 5, 1904, d. July 1, 1905; 3. Engene LeRoy, jr., b. July 19, 1906, d. November 21, 1907; 4. Sarah King, b. October 24, 1909. Residence: Bessemer. HUEY, JAMES GRANDISON LEROY, busi ness man, was born June 28, 1813, in the Wax- haws settlement, Lancaster District, S. C; son of Alexander Boyd and Elizabeth Ross (Mc Cain) Huey, who were married March 21, 1811, and soon after settled in Waxhaws settle ment, the former a native of that place, born 862 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY December 22, 1787, who served in the War of 1812 with the rank of first lieutenant; grand son of James and Jane (Walker) Huey, who lived on Cane Creek, Lancaster District, S. C, the former a native of County Antrim, Ireland, born May 8, 1759, of Scotch parents, who came to the colony of South Carolina just before the Revolution, was followed soon after by his mother and family, and at the beginning of the war for independence attached himself to the army under Gen. Thomas Sumter, and served throughout the war, at times under Gen. Marion and finally under Gen. Greene, where he was detailed to repair and make wagons, the latter who carried provisions a distance of more than forty miles to her brother and An drew Jackson who had been captured by the British at Waxhaws meeting house and were held in jail at Camden, and who was instru mental in securing the release of those two, to gether with four other patriots, in exchange for thirteen British foragers who had been cap tured by the cavalry company of her brother, Andrew Walker, and grandson of William and Eleanor (Johnson) McCain, the former a sol dier in the Revolution who died about 1822 or 1823, the latter a sister to the father of Rich ard M. Johnson who became vice president of the United States under the presidency of Mar tin Van Buren; great-grandson of Hercules Huey, of Ireland, and of John Walker, who had emigrated from the north of Ireland not far from Belfast, and settled in Waxhaws. The Hueys were originally French Huguenots who left France in the latter part- of the sixteenth century to avoid religious persecution. The name was originally spelled Huet. Gen. Huey received the greater part of his schooling under the tuition of Jennings B. Kerr. After leaving school, he accompanied Rev. William Blackstone on a ten months' tour of missionary labors in South Carolina, Geor gia, Florida, Alabama and Tennessee; returned to his home, and for a year worked on the farm and resumed school under Mr. Kerr; taught school and farmed for the next year; and in December, 1832, moved to Harris County, Ga., with his parents, and settled on a farm there, near his uncle, Robert D. Huey. After the death of his parents, he assisted his uncle in the building of several mills; was employed for more than a year by Richard Hingson in the building of mills; and at the end of that time established himself in that business. In 1835, he moved to Alabama and became clerk in a store owned by Maj. Elisha C. Walker, in Talladega County, remaining in that position for a year and a half; then, in partnership with his uncle, Thomas W. Huey, of Lancaster Dis trict, S. C, opened a store in Talladega. He was elected to the State senate in 1845 from Talladega County, and served through the ses sion. At the opening of hostilities in April, 1861, he was elected major general of the Eighth division of Alabama militia. During the war, he joined a company of old men, and was, after the battle of Chickamauga, marched to a point near Chattanooga to assist in tak ing care of prisoners and captured arms. After the war, he lived in Talladega until Octo ber, 1867, when he moved to Bibb County, and spent the remainder of his life on a plantation there. He was a Methodist. Married: (1) in 1838, to Virginia B., who died March 17, 1859, in Talladega, daugh ter of Benjamin and Elizabeth Briggs (Mason) Maclin, who lived on a plantation near Peters burg, Va., the latter a cousin of Hon. James M. Mason of Virginia, who was captured at sea while on his way to England as ambassador for the Confederate States of America during the War of Secession, and of Hon. John Y. Mason, Of Virginia, secretary of the navy in President Harrison's cabinet, 1843-1844; (2) January 9, 1866, to Mrs. Margaret C. Holman, daughter of Edwin Woody and Rhoda (Langdon) King. Children, by first marriage: 1. Benjamin Maclin (q. v.); 2. Alexander Pearson, d. August 12, 1842; 3. James Leroy, d. September 9, 1855; 4. Elizabeth Mason, m. March, 1861, to Capt. Wal ter Cook, of the Tenth Alabama volunteers, who joined his command a few days after his mar riage and was killed the following May at the battle of Chancellorsville; 5. George Robert, d. November 4, 1853; 6. Thomas Walker, d. June 8, 1875; 7. Lelia Olivia, d. October 27, 1857. Last residence: Bibb County. HUEY, JOHN M., business man, was born May 16, 1838, in DeKalb County, Ga. His par ents emigrated from Georgia to Mudd Creek Jefferson County, in April, 1844, and engaged in farming. He attended school at that place and assisted in the work of the farm, until 1855, when the family moved six miles south of Jonesboro. From there he was sent to school ft Montevallo, Shelby County, under Prof. Mc- Kinnon. During the winter of 1858, he served as assistant engineer under Capt. Fox, chief en gineer of Montevallo, who had the contract to build the branch road from Montevallo to the Alabama mines. He remained in that capacity for a year, then attended school at Ruhama under Prof. Jacob H. Baker. He returned to Montevallo, October, 1860; acted as station agent of the Alabama and Tennessee railroad six months; accepted a position in the grocery store of James Adams, at Selma; enlisted in the C. S. Army in the fall of 1861, joining the Eighteenth Alabama regiment, Co. G, under Capt. James Haughey; was appointed agent for the C. S. Navy with the rank of captain, 1862, serving in that position until the close of the war; became outside superintendent of mines and store manager with Monk, Edwards and company in July, 1865; went to Selma as ship ping agent for the same company the following year; and remained in that position until the company was ruined in a commercial crash. He located at Pratt Mines, Jefferson County, late in 1867, where subsequently he became a dealer in real estate and mineral lands. He was nominated for the lower house of the State legislature in 1886. Married: October 12, 1867, to Annie E. McWilliams, of Jefferson County. Residence: Pratt Mines. HUEY, THOMAS EDWARD, engineer; was born April 21, 1883, at Birmingham; son of John Marvin and Annie Elizabeth (McWil liams) Huey (q. v.), the former who was born in De Kalb County, Ga., in 1838, moving to Jef- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 863 ferson County, in 1843, where he lived until his death in 1915, was a member of Co. G, eight eenth Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, was later a captain in the C. S. Navy, stationed at Selma, and was in charge of the shipment of barges of coal from Alabama coal fields to Ad miral Farrand's fleet at Mobile, and was later a Baptist minister; grandson of James and Dove (Hubbard) Huey of Chester District, S. C, and of Col. James Wilson and Nancy (Duff) McWil- liams, of McWilliams Springs, near Ensley. The Hueys were of French Huguenot descent, leaving France in the 16th century, living for a time in Ireland, from there coming to South Carolina. Several of the Hueys served in the Revolution ary War. The grandfather, James Huey, was related to Richard M. Johnson, vice-president of the U. S. with Martin Van Buren. Mr. Huey was educated in the private and public schools at East Lake; graduated from Howard college in June, 1904, with the B. S. degree. He took a limited course in civil engineering; practiced civil engineering and surveying for a period of eight years after graduation; he was resident engineer for the Seaboard air line railroad for two years; is at present en gaged in the fire insurance business. He was city engineer for the city of East Lake, 1907-8; assistant city engineer of Birmingham, 1909-10; was elected to the legislature from Jefferson County, 1918. He was captin of Co. L, fourth infantry regiment, Alabama National Guard for six months in the year 1910. He is a Dem ocrat; a Baptist; a Mason; a Knight of Pythias and member of the Psi Delta college fra ternity. Married: June 20, 1906, at East Lake, to Julia, daughter of Dr. Capers Copeheart and Frances (Moore) Jones, the former who was a physician for Howard college for twenty-five years. Children: 1. Thomas Edward, jr. Resi dence: East Lake. HUEY, THOMAS THURSTON, lawyer, was born June 6, 1869, in Jefferson County; son of Jesse Vann and Mary C. (Rutledge) Huey, the former a farmer and a soldier in the C. S. Army, who was a member of the State legis lature from Jefferson County, 1900-1902; grand son of Samuel T. Huey, who came from South Carolina to Jefferson County, and was a captain of militia. His father was of Irish descent, and his mother's ancestors were English. He received his early education in the schools of Jefferson County, under Prof. I. A. Brown and Prof. M. M. Wood, and was graduated from Howard college, M. A., 1891. He was engaged in business in Bessemer, 1892-1896; was elected city clerk and treasurer of Bessemer, Septem ber, 1895; served in that capacity four years, then was elected mayor of the city. He was captain of a cadet company at Howard col lege, and was captain of Co. H, Third Alabama national guard, which volunteered for the Spanish-American War and became Co. H, First Alabama volunteer infantry. When that company was mustered out, he became major of the Third Alabama national guard regiment. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Royal Arch Mason; an Elk; a Knight of Pythias; and an Odd Fellow. Married: (1) July, 1896, to Lulu May Huey, who died in January, 1898; (2) November, 1899, to Lyda, daughter of Capt. J. J. Mayfield, of Tuscaloosa, an officer in the C. S. Army, and sister of Judge J. J. Mayfield, of Tuscaloosa. Residence: Bessemer. HUFF, JAMES, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Perry County; private Virginia Continental Line and Militia; enrolled on October 29, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $20. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HUFFMAN, THOMAS YANCEY, business man, was born April 4, 1851, near Pleasant Hill, Jefferson County, and died December 31, 1911, at Bessemer; son of Daniel Jackson and Fran ces (Yancey) Huffman, who lived near Jones boro, the former a native of South Carolina, the latter a cousin of William L. Yancey, states man; grandson of Daniel Jackson and Jane (Curry) Huffman, who lived in South Carolina and moved to Alabama soon after its admis sion as a state, -and of Siras Yancey, who mar ried a Miss Smith, and lived in Polk County, Tenn. He received his early schooling at Bucksville and Pleasant Hill, I. W. McAdory teaching at both places, and attending school with Mr. Hogg, afterwards governor of Texas. He was a student at Lebanon college, Tennes see, for one year, then farmed . until the de velopment of Jefferson County was begun, after which time he was associated with H. F. De- Bardeleben. Mr. Huffman served as alderman the first year Bessemer was incorporated, 1887- 1888; served in the State legislature from Jef ferson County, 1891-1892, .1892-1893; and was a member of the board of education, 1908-1909. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: October 30, 1876, .at the present site of Bessemer, to Ida McAdory, daughter of Alfred Scott and Mary Virginia (McAdory) Spencer, who lived at Jonesboro, the former of whom enlisted in the first company formed in Alabama for the C. S. Army, and served throughout the War of Secession; grand daughter of Col. James McAdory who fought in the Indian War. Children: 1. Gray Jackson, m. Marietta Hurt, Bessemer; 2. Clive Spencer, m. Mattie Holt, Birmingham; 3. Roy Thomas, m. Amie Ward, Birmingham; 4. Gladys, m. Cecil Nimmons Cowan, Bessemer; 5. Caryl, m. Robert Eugene Rarden, Bessemer; 6. Doris, Bessemer. Last residence: Bessemer. HUFFSTULLAR, GEORGE, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Blount County; private N. C. Continental Line; enrolled on November 22, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $77.50; sums received to date of publication of list, $232.50. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. Spelled also Hofstalar, resident of Blount County, June 1, 1840, aged 76.— Census of Pensioners, 1840, p. 148. HUGER, CHARLES LOWNDES, cotton fac tor, was born April 27, 1844, at Spring Hill, 864 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY a suburb of Mobile; brother of Daniel Elliott Huger (q. v.). He was educated at the Uni versity of Louisiana, at New Orleans, and in one of the French schools of that city. He enlisted in the C. S. Army, in 1861, as a mem ber of the Crescent rifles; was made adjutant of the First Louisiana infantry; was appointed ordnance officer with the rank of major on the staff of B. M. Thomas, in 1865; was taken pris oner at Blakely, opposite Mobile, in April, 1865; and confined at Fort Gaines on Dauphin Island for about two months. After peace was established, he located at Mobile and engaged in the business of compressing cotton. He has served as president of the Mobile cotton ex change, and president of the Mobile Cotton compress association. He is a member of the Manassas and Athelstan clubs. Married: in 1868, to Ruth Dargan, daughter of Judge E. S. Dargan (q. v.). He has had four children; one son, Edmund Dargan, b. July 22, 1871, is a cotton factor at Mobile. Residence: Mobile. HUGER, DANIEL ELLIOTT, cotton mer chant, was born November 30, 1836, in Cam den, S. C; son of John Middleton and Eliza beth Allen (Deas) Huger, the former a native of South Carolina, who moved with his family to St. Mary's Parish, La., about 1840, and en gaged in sugar planting there until the begin ning of the War of Secession when he moved to New Orleans, and in 1884, finally located in New York city; grandson of Judge Daniel El liott Huger, who was bom in Charleston, S. C, and of James Sutherland Deas, of South Caro lina; great-grandson of Gen. Isaac Huger, an officer of the Revolutionary War, of Huguenot ancestry. Mr. Huger is a brother of Charles Lowndes Huger (q. v.). He was reared in St. Mary's Parish, La., and obtained his education in the schools at Drennon Springs, Ky. He moved to Alabama about 1856, engaged in com mercial business at Mobile, and remained there until the outbreak of the War of Secession. He enlisted in the C. S. Army, becoming first ser geant of Co. A, Third Alabama infantry regi ment, in 1861, and served throughout the war in the western army, being promoted time after time until he reached the rank of colonel of the Sixty-third regiment. After peace was established, he returned to Mobile, and resumed the cotton business. He was one of the or ganizers of the Mobile County Exchange, and has served as its president several times. He is a member of all the clubs of Mobile, and was captain of the Cowbellion DeRakin society, the forerunner of a number of the present secret societies. Married: in 1861, to Hattie Brevard Withers, daughter of Maj.-Gen. Jones M. Withers, of the C. S. Army. Children: two daughters. Residence: Mobile. HUGER, RICHARD P., physician, graduate of the medical department of the University of South Carolina, 1871, and licensed by the board of Calhoun County, 1881; annual orator Medical association of Alabama, 1887. HUGGINS, JACOB, physician, was born July 13, 1836, at Newbern, Hale County; son of Jacob and Ann Isler (Bryan) Hugglns, the for mer a native of Onslow County, N. C, who lived at Trenton, Jones County, N. C, and was married there, came with his family to Ala bama in 1835, settled in Perry County, near Newbern, and moved to Newbern in 1846; grandson of Jacob and Martha (Koontz) Hug- gins, who lived in Onslow County, N. C, the former a soldier in the Revolution, and of Joseph and Susan (Hargett) Bryan, who lived at Trenton, Jones County, N. C, the former of whom also fought in the Revolutionary War. The ancestors of the Huggins family came from Holland In the middle of the eighteenth cen tury and settled in North Carolina. The Bryans went from Ireland to England, and emigrated to America during the eighteenth century, settling in the colony of North Caro lina. Dr. Huggins received his early educa tion in the country schools, and at Mt. Moriah academy, Sumter County. He commenced the study of medicine in 1857, at Newbern, under Dr. John F. Reynolds of that place, and later with Dr. T. G. Thomas and Dr. W. R. Donagle, in New York. He attended two regular courses of medical lectures at Jefferson medical col lege, and at the medical department of the Uni versity of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia; took a course of lectures at the University of New York summer school, and a private course in anatomy under Dr. D. Hayes Agnew in New York; and was graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, M. D., 1860. He practiced medicine for a year at Newbern, and in 1862 entered the C. S, Army as a private soldier. He was soon assigned to the medical depart ment and promoted to surgeon of the Thirty- sixth Alabama regiment. He was stationed at Fort Morgan, 1862-1863, and was with Forrest's cavalry, 1864-1865. After the war, he returned to his practice in Newbern. He served as health officer of Hale County for about three years; is a member of the Hale County medi cal society; and a life counsellor of the Medi cal association of Alabama. In addition to his medical practice, Dr. Huggins is interested in farming and owns a plantation near Newbern. He is a member of the board of control of the Canebrake agricultural experiment station at Uniontown; is a reporter for the agricultural and weather bureau at Washington; and is a trustee' of Marion female seminary. He has served as chairman of the county Democratic convention several times; is a steward in the Methodist church; a Master Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. He is author of "A Case of Precocious Development in a Negro Child," "Club-Foot and Other Deformities in the Negro Race," both published in the Virginia Medical Monthly, Richmond, Va., about 1873; and "Two Cases of Traumatic Tetanus successfully treated with Fl. Ext. Gelseminum," Medical and Surgical Age of Alabama, 1891. Married: (1) in 1866, to Ann Jordan, of Greensboro, who died February 2, 1892, daughter of Archer Hunt and Sarah (Pierce) Chris tian, natives of Virginia, and a relative of Le titia Christian who married President John Tyler, and of Rev. William Christian of Rich mond, Va., who married Julia Jackson, only child of Gen. Stonewall Jackson; (2) August 25, 1897, at Demopolis, to Lillie Belle, BENJAMIN F. RODEN DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 867 daughter of Dr. Seth D. and Mary Jane (Sea- brook) Smith, of Demopolis, the former a na tive of North Carolina, who was born June 22, 1831, and died August 21, 1905. Children, by first marriage: 1. Anna Belle. Residence: New bern. HUGHES, ABNER A., lieutenant colonel. 48th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. HUGHES, BEVERLY, member of the consti tutional convention of 1819, from Limestone County; Alabama territorial judge, 1818, suc ceeding Obadiah Jones. HUGHES, BRYCE M., physician, was born March 19, 1857, at Franklin, Tenn.; son of Bryce M. and Elmira (Fleming) Hughes, the former also a native of Franklin, where he was a practicing physician. He received his prepar atory education in the schools of Professors I. and A. Campbell, and read medicine under Dr. William White after which he entered the Louisville, Ky., medical college. After a year's study at that institution he matriculated at the University of Louisiana where he remained for four years, two years of which time he did hos pital practice, graduating March, 1882, and in June of that year located in Birmingham. After practicing his profession alone for sev eral years he formed a partnership with Dr. P. B. Lusk, later dissolving this association, . and in 1886, formed a partnership with Dr. William L. Chew. He was a member of the Jefferson county medical society, the board of censors and the city board of health. Last res idence: Montgomery. HUGHES, CHESNEY W., merchant, was born in Pickens County, July 30, 1842; son of James J. and Nancy (Hamlin) Hughes, the former a native of South Carolina, emigrated when a lad to Greene County with his father, later returning to South Carolina and died there in 1856; grandson of Joseph Hughes (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Pick ens and Greene Counties; enlisted in 1861, in Co. D, Second Alabama infantry regiment, un der Capt. T. C. Lanier and participated in the following engagements: Corinth, Vicksburg, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, New Hope Church, Atlanta, and numerous skirmishes. After the war he returned to Pickens County and engaged in farming. Later he removed to Birmingham where he engaged in the mercan tile business; removed to Pleasant Ridge in 1887, and conducted the same line of business. He was instrumental in building the first Pres byterian church in Birmingham. Married: (1) in 1871, the daughter of Eli Going, a na tive of Pickens County; (2) in 1874, Mary Hendly, a native of Greene, now Hale County; (3) in 1884, Anny F., daughter of B. J. and Jane E. (Going) Hughes, who were double first cousins, the former came to this State when fourteen and educated himself, later becoming a teacher and eventually a merchant. Chil dren: by first wife: 1. Mary G.; by the second wife, 2. Lucy T. Last residence: Pickens County. HUGHES, JOSEPH, soldier of the American Revolution, was born in Chester County, S. C, in 1761, died September 4, 1834, in Greene County, and is buried in Hebron Cemetery. He served in 1776 on Williamson's Chero kee expedition and subsequently in Georgia. Early in 1780 he was commissioned a lieu tenant by Gov. Rutledge and fought under ¦ Sumter at Rocky Mount, Hanging Rock, Mus- groves' Mill. King's Mountain, Hammonds' Store and Cowpens. Col. Brandon, his com mander, declared at the Battle of Cowpens: "Hughes saved the fate of the day." In 1781 he was promoted captain, and showed valor at the battle of Eutaw Springs. He entered on the pension roll, July 2, 1832. He rose to the rank of colonel in the militia. In 1825 he re moved to Greene County and later to Pickens, where he died. He was a Presbyterian. Mar ried: (1) Unknown; (2) Annie Brown of South Carolina. She was the aunt of Gov. Al bert G. Brown, of Mississippi, and sister of John Brown, killed at the battle of Cowpens. Children: by first wife, 1. William Wright; 2. Joseph; 3. Mary, m. Kennedy; 4. Martha, m. Morris; 5. Sarah, m. Maberry; 6. Jane, m. Bruner; children by second wife: 7. Annie, m. White; 8. Stewart, deceased; 9. James, de ceased. Last residence: Pickens County. HUGHES, JOSEPH R., business man, was born March 14, 1842, at Gadsden; son of Gabriel and Asenath D. (Young) Hughes, na tives of Haywood, Lincoln County, N. C, the former of whom went to Georgia in early life, was married there in 1832, came to Alabama in 1838, located near Jacksonville in Calhoun County; moved to Double Springs in 1840, and in 1845 in company with James Hughes and John S. Morgan, founded the city of Gadsden, was one of the first postmasters of Gadsden, and died in March, 1886, his wife preceding him by a year. The Hughes family, after com ing to America settled in Pennsylvania, and later moved to the Carolinas. The Youngs are of German descent. Mr. Hughes lived on the home farm until 1857, and was attending school at the beginning of the War of Secession. Leaving school in April, 1862, he entered Co. G, Forty-eighth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, and with that command took part in the seven days' fight around Richmond, at the battle of Manassas where he was slightly wounded, and at Sharpesburg. On account of ill health, he was discharged from the army, in October, 1862, and in the following November joined Tracy's brigade as chief clery if the commissary de partment under Maj. nollingsworth. He was in the seige of Vicksburg, was present at the surrender of Gen. Pemberton, July 4, 1863, and, being paroled, joined his command at Mission ary Ridge, September, 1863. After that time, he was in the campaigns of Dalton and Atlanta, at the battle of Jonesboro, was with Hood in his raid into Tennessee, and in all the battles from Nashville to North Carolina, where he surrendered with Johnston. After the war, he was clerk in a dry goods establishment for a short time; moved to Cherokee County, where 868 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY he was deputy in the office of the circuit clerk; came to Gadsden, where he built the Exchange hotel and was its first proprietor; erected the first steam flour mill at Gadsden; was in the milling business until 1874; was elected clerk of the circuit court of Etowah County, 1874; was re-elected in 1880; and since 1886 has been engaged in the real estate business. He devotes some of his attention to agriculture; is inter ested in the New Gadsden hotel; is secretary of the Gadsden real estate company; has been a member of the city council several times; is a Democrat; a Knight of Honor; and a Metho dist. Married: December 14, 1867, in Gadsden, to Mary E., daughter of Robert and Elizabeth (Adams) Davis, of that place. Children: 1. William F.; 2. Robert G.; 3. Miles Preston, b. December 4, 1881. Residence: Gadsden. HUGHES, PERRY BRYCE, educator, was born September 23, 1871, at Hughes Mill, Tus caloosa County; son of William Riley and Sarah Ann (Pool) Hughes, the former a Con federate soldier; grandson of Daniel and Mon ica (Bell) Hughes, and of William P. Pool, all of whom lived at Hughes Mill. Mr. Hughes was educated in the rural schools of Tusco- loosa County; the Verner military academy, and at Troy State normal school. In 1904 he was elected county superintendent of education for Tuscaloosa. He is a Democrat; Baptist; and Odd Fellow. Mr. Hughes is the author of several song books, used in the public schools. Married: September 4, 1908, at Tuscaloosa, to Annie Mae, daughter of Elisha and Bettie Scott, of that place. Children: 1. Winfield Scott; 2. Albert Elton. Residence: Tuscaloosa. HUGHES, ROBERT LEE, physician, bom November 7, 1871, at Choccolocco, Calhoun County; son of William Moses and Emily (Harrison) Hughes, the former a native of Edgefield, S. C, who removed to Choccolocco and became a large land owner and planter, a Confederate soldier, of Irish ancestry; grand son of Lankford Hughes of Edgefield, S. C.; and of John L.^and De Arona (Mc Prae) Har rison of Hancock County, Ga., of Scotch an cestry. Dr. Hughes received his early educa tion under private instruction with three years at Douglasville college, Douglasville, Ga., where he graduated in 1890; spent two years in the Atlanta medical college from which he received the degree of M. D. in 1892; took post-graduate course at Johns Hopkins hos pital, Baltimore, Md., 1906; post-graduate course in New York polyclinic in 1906 and 1913; health officer, Calhoun County, 1910-14. He was a member of the Democratic execu tive committee of Calhoun County for a num ber of years; a Baptist; Mason; Knight of Pythias. Married: June 3, 1903, at Chocco locco, to Lola, daughter of James Shadric and Gussie (Blackmon) Morris of that place. Children: 1. Edith Florida; 2. Robert Law rence. 3. Sara Lois; 4. Helen. Residence: Anniston. HUGHES, WILLIAM, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 82, and a resident of Shelby County; private N. C. Militia; enrolled on May 24, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HUGHES, WILLIAM PORTER, physician and legislator, was born April 29, 1869, at Bur leson, Franklin County; son of James and Par lee (McCrory) Hughes, the former a na tive of Huntsville, Madison County, but early removed to Burleson, served two years In C. S. Army, and filled several important county offices. The McCrory family resided in Lewis- burg, Tenn. He was educated in the public schools of Burleson; graduated in 1889, from the State normal college at Florence; attended Mobile medical college, 1891-92; practiced at Pleasant Site for three years; and in 1896 graduated from the Louisville medical college, Ky. Soon after graduation he located at Rus sellville where he now resides. He was elected in June 1909, to succeed Benjamin H. Smith, as a member of the legislature from Franklin County. He is a Democrat; a Missionary Bap tist; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Mar ried: June 27, 1906, at Russellville, to Willie Mae, daughter of William C. and Susie B. Hurst. Children: 1. William Hurst. Resi dence : Russellville. • HUGHES, WILLIAM P., physician; graduate of the Chattanooga medical college, 1906; li censed by the board of Franklin County that year. Residence: Russellville. HUGHSTON, JOHN LEE, lawyer and legis lator, was born July 13, 1878, near Mt. Hope, Lawrence County; son of Thomas Porter and Leonora Clem (Dial) Hughston, the former served in Co. B, 16th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army; grandson of Lee Roy and Savannah (McCord) Hughston, and Of John and Sallie (Thompson) Dial. He was educated in the public schools of Leighton, and grad uated from the State normal school, Florence, 1901. In October, 1903, he was admitted to the bar, and has since followed that profession. He has from time to time been employed in the probate judge's office. He represented Lauderdale County in the legislature of 1907. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; Knight of Pythias; and a Woodman of the World. He is unmarried. Residence: Florence. HUGULEY, GEORGE W., major and later lieutenant colonel, 59th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army. HUMES, MILTON, lawyer, was born August 4, 1844, at Abingdon, Va., and died December 28, 1908, at Huntsville; son of John Newton and Jane Conn (White) Humes, who lived in Virginia, the former a native of Knoxville, Tenn., who was graduated from Princeton uni versity, and became a lawyer and a planter; grandson of John N. and Margaret (Russel) Cowan Humes, the former a Scotchman, who came to America with two brothers who settled in Pennsylvania, while he located in Knoxville, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 869 Tenn., where he became a successful merchant, the latter the widow of James Cowan of Knox ville, and the sister of Gen. Gilbert Russel, of Virginia, and grandson of James Lowry and Elizabeth (Wilson) White, who lived at Abing don, Va., the former an Irishman who came to America in early life, and acquired a large number of plantations all through the South, in addition to vast interests in iron, lead and salt. Mr. Humes was a nephew of Thomas W. Humes, for several years president of the Uni versity of Tennessee, at Knoxville, and of Mary Humes, who married Hon. John White of Ken tucky, who was at one time speaker in the house of representatives in the U. S. congress. He was brother of Capt. John N. Humes, killed at Antietam; of Gen. W. Y. C. Humes, a law yer at Memphis; of James W. Humes, a colonel in the C. S. Army from Tennessee and later a lawyer at Abingdon; of Andrew R. Humes, a captain in a Virginia regiment, C. S. Army, who died at Memphis during the yellow fever epidemic in 1878; of Thomas W. Humes, a teacher at Huntsville; of Frank A. Humes, a lawyer in Abingdon, Va., who was captain in the C. S. Army; of Elizabeth W. Humes, who married Dr. L. B. Sheffey; and of Ellen W. Humes, who married Dr. D. K. Tuttle, of Bal timore, Md., a professor of chemistry in the University of Virginia, who entered the C. S. Army with the rank of colonel and in the capacity of a scientist. He was educated at the Abingdon academy, Virginia, and at the age of sixteen years entered the C. S. Army as a private in Co. A, Sixty-third Virginia infantry regiment. He was promoted to captain at Dal ton; received a severe flesh wound, being shot through both legs near Marietta; was recom mended for promotion to the rank of major; assigned to the army of Tennessee; and fought his last battle at Bentonville, N. C. After the war he read law in the office of Gen. Leroy Pope Walker at Huntsville, and was gradu ated from the law school at Washington and Lee college, Lexington, Va., LL. D., 1867. He began the practice of law in 1866 at Huntsville, and spent the remainder of his life actively en gaged in his profession at that place. He was for years attorney for the Memphis and Chatta nooga railroad company for the East Tennes see, Virginia and Georgia railroad company, and for the Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis railroad company in Alabama; was attorney for and director of the North Alabama im provement company, and director of the Ala bama black band coal, iron and railroad company, of Jackson. He was a member of the State legislature, 1888-1889; was chairman of the judiciary committee of the house during that time; and was president of the State bar association, 1888-1889. He contributed to the building of every church and schoolhouse in Madison County for the thirty years prior to his death, Humes academy, and the public school at Hazle Green were named in his honor. He was a Democrat; an Episcopalian; and a Mason. Married: June 1, 1870, at Huntsville, to Ellelee, daughter of Gov. Reuben and Felicia (Pickett) Chapman (q. v.). Last residence: Huntsville. HUMPHREYS, DAVID C, public official, was a lawyer of Morgan County, who was first elected to the State legislature in 1843. Some time afterward, he moved to Huntsville, and represented Madison County in the house for several years. He was a delegate to the na tional Democratic convention at Baltimore, in 1860, and supported Stephen A. Douglas. He was opposed to secession, but after the state seceded entered the C. S. Army as a private, and rose to the command of a regiment. He afterward left the army, and remained at home till the end of the war. After the surrender, he allied himself with the Republican party, and was a candidate before the State legisla ture for the U. S. senate, but was defeated by another member of that party. Soon after he was elected to fill a vacancy in the house from Madison County, and served to the end of the term. He was appointed by the president and confirmed by the senate as judge of the su preme court of the District of Columbia. Last residence: Madison County. HUMPHRIES, H. G., member of the consti- tional convention of 1861, from Mobile County. HUMPHRIES, J. J., Indian agent, prominent citizen of De Kalb County who removed to the west where he died while serving as an In dian agent. HUNDLEY, DANIEL R., lawyer, author, colonel, C. S. Army, was born in 1832, in Mad ison County; brother of lieutenant-colonel William H. Hundley, of Madison, who com manded the battalion which was the nucleus of the 12th Alabama cavalry, and was killed in 1864. He received a collegiate education, and graduated in law at the University of Virginia and Harvard college. He made his home in Chicago, 111., where he practiced law, and was a contributor to literary publications. He op posed secession, but when the issue came he returned south, and took part in the organiza tion of the 31st Alabama infantry regiment of which he was elected colonel, and participated in the campaign in east Tennessee in the spring of 1862. In the winter of 1862, his regiment was ordered to Vicksburg where he fought with distinction at the batttle of Chickasaw Bayou, and at Port Gibson, the first encounter with Grant's army, where he was wounded. Later he shared the service of General Pettus' brigade in the Atlanta campaign until captured, and was sent to Johnson's Island. At the close of the war he resided in Lawrence County and engaged in the practice of law. Author: "Social relations in our Southern States," 1860. Last residence: Lawrence County. HUNDLEY, OSCAR RICHARD, lawyer, was born October 30, 1854, in Limestone County; son of Orville M. and Mary E. (Holding) Hund ley, the former a native of Limestone County, who lived at Huntsville, and was a colonel in the C. S. Army, Wheeler's cavalry; grandson of John H. and Melinda Hundley, of Limestone County, the former a Virginian who moved to Alabama in 1818, and of Richard and Mattie Holding, of Madison County; great-grandson of 870 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY John Henderson Hundley, who came from Eng land, and settled in Halifax County, Va. He re ceived his early education in Huntsville; pre pared for college at Phillips Exeter academy, New Hampshire; attended Marietta college, Ohio, 1873-1874; was graduated from Vanderbilt university, B. L., 1877; and received the hon orary degree of LL. D. from Marietta college, 1907. He was admitted to the bar, 1878, and be gan to practice law in Huntsville; served as city attorney for Huntsville, 1882-1884; division counsel, Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway, 1888-1907; was elected to the lower house of the State legislature, 1886-1887, 1888- 1889; was a member of the State senate, 1890- 1891, 1892-1893, 1894-1895, 1896-1897; was ap pointed by President Harrison national commis sioner to the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago, 1893; was the Republican nominee for congress from the Eighth Alabama district, be ing defeated by Gen. Joseph Wheeler, 1907; was appointed U. S. district judge, Northern district of Alabama by President Roosevelt, 1907; retired from that office in May, 1909; was a member of the general council of the Alabama Bar Association, 1902-1903, and 1908- 1909. He was a Democrat until 1896, when he became a Republican; is a Roman Catholic; and is author of "Code of Ordinances of ine City of Huntsville, Alabama." Married: (1) February, 1878, to Anna E. Thomas, of Nash ville, Tenn.; (2) June 24, 1897, at Birmingham, to Bossie, daughter of Frank P. and Indiana H. O'Brien; granddaughter of Michael Andrew O'Brien, an Irishman, and editor of the "Dub lin Nation," and of Wade Allen McBryde, a Virginian. Residence: Huntsville. HUNDLEY, WILLIAM, lawyer; living in 1913. Residence: Greenbrier. HUNDLEY, WILLIAM H., major, and later lieutenant colonel, 12th battalion, Alabama par tisan rangers; lieutenant colonel, 1st Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. HUNLEY, PETER F., major and later lieu tenant colonel, 18th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. HUNLEY, RICHARD RYLAND, planter, was born December 11, 1825, near Camden, S. C, and died July 7, 1897, at Talladega; son of Ransom Gayle and Caroline Matilda (Forney) Hunley, who lived near Montgomery; grandson of Richard and Louvisa Hunley, and of Gen. Peter and Nancy (Aber nathy) Forney, of Lincoln, N. C; great-grand son of Ambross and Mary Hunley. He was a brother of Peter Forney Hunley, a graduate of the University of Alabama, and a planter of Talladega, who entered the C. S. Army as cap tain of Co. I, Eighteenth Alabama infantry regiment, and was promoted to major, lieuten ant-colonel, and colonel of that regiment, serv ing through the entire four years of the War of Secession, was married November 8, 1857, in Lincoln County, N. C, to Margaret Eliza beth Johnston, and died December 8, 1882. Mr. Hunley attended the University of Alabama but did not graduate. He became a farmer in Shelby and Talladega Counties, and a horti culturist at Talladega. He was postmaster of Talladega, 1884-1888. He was a Democrat, an Episcopalian, and a Mason. Married: July 13, 1847, in Lincoln, N. C, to Martha Sophia John ston, his first cousin; daughter of Dr. William H. and Nancy (Forney) Johnston, who lived at that place; granddaughter of Gen. Peter and Nancy (Abernathy) Forney. Children: 1. Ransom Gayle, broker, b. May 23, 1848, in Lowndes County, d. April 10, 1881, at Talla dega, attended the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa, m. April 11, 1877, at Elyton, to Sallie E. Porter, daughter of Judge M. T. and Kate (Martin) Porter, who lived at Birming ham, the former a colonel in the C. S. Army, and after the War, a lawyer and judge of pro bate. Children, Kathleen Johnston and Rich ard Forney, both living in Birmingham; 2. Ann Caroline, Talladega. Last residence: Talladega. HUNT, BENJAMIN POWEL, lawyer, editor, was born September 3, 1849, at Salem, Frank lin County, Tenn.; son of George Washington and Priscilla (Powel) Hunt (q. v.). He re ceived his early education at Mary Sharp col lege and at Sewanee college, preparatory schools at Winchester. Tenn., and attended the University of the South for some time. He studied law for five months at the University of Virginia, 1870, under John B. Minor, and was admitted to the bar at Winchester, Tenn., November, 1870. He practiced law for twelve years at that place, and in February, 1883, came to Huntsville, where he became a part ner with the late Paul Jones. He bought an in terest in the Huntsville "Mercury," and became its editor, March, 1884; began to issue the paper daily in August, 1885; and continued its editor until the fall of 1887, at which time he became editor of the Huntsville "Independent." He was elected to the State legislature, 1896-1897; is state commissioner and a member of the board of trustees of the Agricultural and Me chanical college for Negroes at Normal; in augurated the movement to secure the building of the Nashville Chattanooga & St. Louis Rail road into Huntsville; was influential in the movement for better roads and in the abolition of seventeen saloons from Huntsville; is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Married: Oc tober 5, 1897, at Huntsville, to Susie Harrison, daughter of Perry L. and Elizabeth (Daniel) Harrison, who lived at that place, and a de scendant of Benjamin Harrison, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and of William Henry Harrison, president of the United States. Residence: Huntsville. HUNT, GEORGE WASHINGTON, merchant, was born October 20, 1813, in Franklin County, Tenn., son of David and Elizabeth (Larkin) Hunt, natives of Virginia, who lived oil a farm in the southwestern part of Franklin County, Tenn., the former of whom accompanied his parents to South Carolina, and then to Rogers ville, Tenn., in the first years of the nineteenth century, located in Franklin County, Tenn., in 1806, was a major in the war of 1812, and died DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 871 at his farm in Franklin County in 1839 ; grand son of John Hunt (q. v.). He was reared on his father's farm, received a common school education, and at the age of twenty years, be gan clerking in a store in Salem, Tenn. Three years later he moved to Jackson County, where he was similarly employed, and in 1839 came to Huntsville. He was receiver and manager of stage lines at that place; conducted old Huntsville Bell Tavern for Woods and Yeat- man, of Nashville, Tenn.; returned to Tennes see where he was engaged in the mercantile and milling business until 1861; moved to Win chester, where he merchandised and farmed until 1882; and returned to Huntsville where he lived, retired, until his death. Married: (1) in 1844, at Winchester, Tenn., to Priscilla J. Powel, who died July 24, 1873, daughter of Benjamin and Ellen (Rutledge) Powel, of that place, the latter a native of Rogersville, Tenn.; (2) in November, 1882, to Mrs. McCalley, daughter of Joel Rice. Children, by first mar riage: 1. Benjamin Powel (q. v.); 2. David, deceased; 3. George R.; 4. Addie B., m. Samuel L. Nelson, of Baldwyn, Miss. Last residence: Huntsville. HUNT, JOHN, pioneer, was bora in Virginia, but the particular locality is not known. No facts are preserved concerning his early life. He served in the War of the American Revolu tion, as a patriot, but whether in the ranks of the continentals or in the state organizations of Virginia or North Carolina is not known. He had moved to North Carolina some time before the war, and at its close, located in Ten nessee. When the public lands in the great bend of the Tennessee were thrown open to settlement, he is found as early as 1805 on a prospecting tour in that region. It is gener ally conceded that he first came to Huntsville Spring in 1805, and brought his family there in that or the next year. He erected the first building, a small log cabin, about seventy-five yards south of the Huntsville springs. The Indians were not settled in that vicinity, al though the existence of the remarkable spring was well known over the Indian country before the white people settled the county. The Ya zoo land companies knew its locality, and some of their agents may have visited it. John Hunt had doubtless learned its location and came from east Tennessee with the express purpose of finding the way to it from the Win chester country, and settling near it. The town was first called Twickenham, that being the name of the home of Alexander Pope, the English poet, so called at the suggestion of Leroy Pope, one of the pioneer settlers, a col lateral relative of the poet. That name was never a favorite, and the people of the county generally objected to it, thinking that in jus tice to John Hunt, the town should bear his name. Col. Pope and the trustees, in defer ence to the wishes of the people of the county, in their petition for a charter, asked that the name of the town be changed from Twicken ham to Huntsville. In December, 1811, when the town was incorporated by the territorial legislature, the city received its present name. These meagre facts represent about all that is known of John Hunt in the locality which bears his name. It is said that he lost his lands near the spring, that he later left the county, and probably returned to Tennessee where he died. The dates of his birth, mar riage and death, the name of his wife, and his place of burial are unknown. That he was held in high esteem by his neighbors is evidenced by the fact that the name of the town was changed in his honor, and with the concur rence of the men of power and influence then dominating the affairs of the community. A full list of his children is not available; a pro visional list includes: 1. Maj. William, m. Mary Roland, and from whom the distin guished family of Skeggs, now of Morgan County, descend, Judge William E. Skeggs and Hon. H. A. Skeggs are of that family; 2. Eliza beth, m. Samuel Black Acklen, whose family is believed to have come into the Tennessee val ley at the same time or very soon after the arrival of John Hunt, and has maintained a high and honorable standard through all the years of the history of that state; 3. Maj. David; 4. George, who settled in Lincoln County, Tenn., where he died in the early thirties, m. Lydia Hunt, who with six sons and three daughters moved to Bastrop County, Tex. Last residence: Tennessee. HUNT, RICHARD CLAYTON, lawyer, was born February 5, 1849, at Huntland, Franklin County, Tenn.; and died April 21, 1919, at Fort Payne; son of William Blackburne and Annie Rutledge (Clayton) Hunt the former born at Huntland, where he lived until his death in 1862, was a captain in the Indian War in Flor ida, a merchant and farmer; grandson of Da vid and Elizabeth (Larkin) Hunt, who lived in Franklin County, Tenn., the former a major in the War of 1812, and of Richard and Margret (Rutledge) Clayton, who lived at Larkin's Landing, Jackson County; and great-grandson of John Hunt, founder and for whom Hunts ville was named, and soldier of the American Revolution. Mr. Hunt received his early edu cation in rural schools of Franklin County; studied law, at Winchester, Tenn., and in 1871 admitted to the bar; in 1875 located in Scotts boro, Jackson County, where he practiced until his removal In 1900, to Fort Payne; and for twelve years, 1899-1911, he was solicitor of the ninth judicial circuit. He was a Democrat, and in 188 8 was a delegate from the Eighth congressional district to the National Demo cratic Convention at St. Louis. He is a Pres byterian and a Knight of Honor. Married: Annie Rebecca, daughter of Frederic and Mar garet (Kimbrough) Scruggs, of Sevier County, Tenn. Children: 1. Sarah, m. Dr. S. J. Vann, a physician of Birmingham; 2. Luke P., lawyer, m. Frances, daughter of M. P. and Ida Green, and resides in Birmingham. Last residence: Fort Payne. HUNT, WILLIAM H, lieutenant colonel, 26th, O'Neal's, Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; major and later lieutenant colonel, 35th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. HUNTER, ANN (TOULMIN), prominent worker in the Ladies Memorial Association. De ceased. Last residence: Mobile. 872 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY HUNTER, FOUNTAIN WINSTON, Confeder ate soldier, was born in 1819, in Sumter Dis trict, S. C, and died in 1887, in Montgomery; son of Charles D. and Nora (Moore) Hunter, who were married and lived in Sumter Dis trict, S. C, the former a colonel in the War of 1812, a planter who owned more than five hundred slaves, who was military governor of South Carolina for some years, and later moved to Alabama, was a general of the terri tory before Alabama was admitted into the union as a state, and lived on his plantation in Dallas County, near Selma, until his death; grandson of Gov. Moore of South Carolina, who lived in Charleston, S. C. He entered the C. S. Army as captain of the Metropolitan guards of Montgomery, under Col. Lomax, served throughout the war, and at its close was colonel of the Second Alabama cavalry on the staff of Gen. James Clanton. After peace was established, he returned to his-plantation near Montgomery. He was a Democrat. Married: to Sallie Harrison, youngest daughter of Col. Edmund and Jane (Stork) Harrison, who came from Petersburg, Va., to Mobile, and later moved to Lowndesboro. Children: 1. Harry, d. unmarried; 2. Nonie Moore, d. in Montgom ery, in her eighteenth year, unmarried; 3. Jennie, m. C. P. Vaughan, lives with her daugh ter, Mrs. W. F. Mcintosh, in Montgomery. Last residence: Montgomery. HUNTER, JOHN LINGARD, lawyer and planter, was born November 18, 1794, at Char leston, S. C, and died February 15, 1868, at Eufaula; son of Thomas and Mary Lingard (Wyatt) Hunter, the former a native of Scot land who later migrated to Charleston, S. C; grandson of John and Violetta (Lingard) Wyatt, of Charleston. He obtained his early education in Charleston, S. C. His parents having died during his childhood he was edu cated by Gov. William Aiken's mother, who was before her marriage, a Miss Wyatt of that city. He graduated from the South Carolina college, Columbia, in both the academic and law departments. Although a lawyer by profession, he did not actively engage in the practice after removing to Alabama; coming with his family from Charleston to Eufaula, Barbour County, 1835. He was a trustee of the University of Alabama, a member of the Alabama legislature, 1841, from Barbour County, and was elected major-general of mili tia. Garret says of him: "He was a fair specimen of the olden school, and was raised in South Carolina, from Huguenot ancestry. In addition to his general intelligence, he was a scientific patron of agriculture, and was usually assigned the front rank in all conventions and societies of this class, of which he was a member. The polish and grace of manner, with all the etiquette of good breeding, never forsook him." He was a Democrat; Episcopalian; and Mason. Mar ried: July 3, 1816, at Charleston, S. C, Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of James Henry and Sarah Bradwell (Ferguson) Bowler, of Godfrey, S. C; granddaughter of William and Elizabeth (Wilson'"' Bowler; great-granddaughter of James Wilson, captain of the Revolutionary War from South Carolina, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence. Children: 1. James Lingard, m. Sarah Shorter; 2. Eliza beth Aiken, m. Alien Kent Merrill; 3. Vio letta Wyatt, m. Bertram Joseph Hoole; 4. Henry Bowler; 5. William Aiken; 6. Sophia Fergu son, m. Irvin L. Miller; 7. Sarah Serena, m. James Lawrence Pugh (q. v.) ; 8. Victoria Vir ginia, m. Henry De Lamar Clayton; 9. Mary Geraldine; 10. Charles Bradwell; 11. Theresa Wilson, m. William Andrew McTyre. Last residence: Eufaula. HUNTER, JOHN STARKE, lawyer, was bom about 1796 at Camden, Kershaw District, S. C, and died in 1866, at Louisville, Ky.; son of Harry and Elizabeth (Davis) Hunter, who lived at Camden, S. C, the former a native of that state, and a soldier in the Revolution; grandson of Henry and Fannie (Starke) Hun ter, esq., who lived in Virginia and South Carolina. He was graduated from South Caro lina college, and studied law under Hon. Abra ham Blanding. He was admitted to the bar in 1816, moved to Alabama two or three years later, and opened a law office in Claiborne, Mon roe County, in partnership with Hon. A. P. Bagby. Two years later, he located at Sparta, Conecuh County, where he was for some time the law partner of Hon. S. W. Oliver. He moved to Hayneville, Lowndes County, about 1829 and continued his law practice there in partnership for several years with Hon. Na thaniel Cook. In 1834 he was elected to the circuit bench to succeed Hon. John W. Paul, and remained on the bench for only one year. He was an elector for Martin Van Buren in 1836, but allied himself with the Whig party the following year, and was president of the first Whig convention held in Tuscaloosa in 1840. He was elected to the State legislature from Lowndes County in 1840, and served on the committee of inland navigation. The next year he was elected to the State senate, but resigned his seat in that body in 1843, and moved to Dallas County. He opened a law of fice in Cahaba but devoted the major part of his attention to planting. He was the Whig candidate for congress in 1849, and was de feated by Hon. S. W. Harris of Coosa County. In 1857, he moved to Kentucky and engaged in raising stock, remaining there until 1865, when he returned to Dallas County. In the fall of that year, he was elected to the State consti tutional convention. He died in Louisville, Ky, the following year and his body was brought to his old homestead in Alabama for interment. Married: January 10, 1822, to Theo- dosia James, daughter of Samuel and Mary (Darrington) James, who lived In Sumter Dis trict, S. C, and a sister of Col. Lorenzo James of Montgomery County. She was a member of the distinguished James family of Revolu tionary fame, and was related to John James, sr., to Capt. John James "of the Lake," and to Daniel McGirth, a famous tory. Children: 1. Samuel, deceased; 2. Sarah, m. Col. Robert White Smith, a merchant of Mobile. Last resi dence: Louisville, Ky. HARRY T. SMITH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY '875 HUNTER, JOHN STARKE, business man, was born September 16, 1848, at Pleasant Hill, Dallas County; son of Ransom Davis and Mar tha Famariah (Vasser) Hunter, who lived on a plantation near Bragg's Store, in Lowndes County, and later sold the plantation and moved to Cahaba, Dallas County, the former a native of Burnt Corn, Monroe County, who was a member of the firm of Perine & Hunter, mer chants, at Cahaba, and served in the Fifth Ala bama regiment, C. S. Army, during the War of Secession; grandson of Henry Larence and Mary (Howard) Hunter, of Burnt Corn, and of John Edward and Sarah Caroline (Milhous) Vasser, of Pleasant Hill, Dallas County. He obtained his early schooling under Mr. Hallo- way at Pleasant Hill, and under Prof. Lowery at Cahaba, and attended the University of Ala bama at Tuscaloosa. At the outbreak of the War of Secession, he joined a cavalry company raised by Tom Goldsby of Dallas County, which later became a part of the Fifteenth Alabama regiment commanded by Col. Harry Maury of Mobile. After the war, he became a business and newspaper man at Camden. He is a Bap tist and a Mason. Married: to Harriet Ger trude Sholar, daughter of Levi and Jane (Bur nett) Sholar, who lived at Hope Villa, East Baton Rouge Parish, La. Children: 1. Martha Vasser, m. H. H. Matthews, formerly of Mont gomery, a hardware merchant at Camden, has one child, Sarah Hunter; 2. Ransom Davis, hardware merchant and editor of the "Camden News," m. Arvilla Eaton of Biloxi, Miss., has one child, Bulah Gertrude. Residence: Cam den. HUNTER, ROBERT MACON, Baptist min ister, was born at Bladon Springs, Choctaw County; son of Haywood Hogan and Virginia Annie (Jordan) Hunter, the former a native of Lenoir County, N. C, who moved to Alabama when a young man and settled in Greene Coun ty; grandson of John and Elizabeth (Whit field) Hunter, who moved from North Caro lina to Forkland, and of Charles and Eliza (O'Freal) Jordan, of Augusta, Ga.; great-grand son of Isaac Hunter; great-great-grandson of Isaac Hunter who moved from Bertie County, N. C, to Duplin County, N. C. ; great-great-great- grandson of Isaac Hunter of Chowan County, N. C, who died there in 1752. The Hunters moved from Virginia to North Carolina in the sixteenth century, and have a common ancestry with R. M. T. Hunter, U. S. senator, and sec retary of state of the C. S. A. Jacob Hunter, a great-great-uncle of Rev. Hunter, served with William Hunter in the Provincial congress which met at Halifax from April 4 to May 4, 1776. Alexander Hunter, an ancestor, was in command of a North Carolina regiment during the Revolutionary War, and Thomas Hunter, of Martin, N. O, was a member of the Pro vincial congress which met November 12, 1776. Rev. Hunter attended school at Nicholsville, at West Bend, and at McKinley; and was a stu dent at Howard college, 1883-1885. He obtained his theological training at the seminary at Louisville, Ky., and has been in the Baptist ministry since 1883, serving pastorates at Cam den, Wetumpka, Prattville, Jasper, Enterprise, Vol. Ill— 56 Elba, Newton, Birmingham, Flomaton, and At- more. He is a Democrat and a Mason. Mar ried: December 8, 1891, at Lowndesboro, to Rosa Bibb Cilley, daughter of Dr. Philip Noble and Sallie Kast (Whitman) Cilley, who lived at Lowndesboro, the former a native of New Hampshire, who represented Lowndes county in the State legislature at one time; grand daughter of Hon. Seth Noble and Sarah (Cavis) Cilley, the former a soldier in the War of 1812, who represented his county in the State legis lature, and of James K. Whitman, a native of Halifax County, Va.; great-granddaughter of John Cilley, a soldier in the Revolution and in the French and Indian Wars. Residence: Flomaton. HUNTINGTON, BACKUS W., circuit judge, was born about 1817, in New Jersey. He re moved to South Carolina and about 1839, lo cated in Tuscaloosa where he began the prac tice of law. He represented Tuscaloosa County in the legislature, 1843; removed to Sumter County, where he resumed his practice, was elected to the bench of the circuit court in 1852, resigning the year after and removing to New York City. Married: Annie, daughter of Daniel M. Riggs (q. v.), of Dallas County. HURST, ALPHEUS AUGUSTUS, lawyer, was born March 26, 1850, at Copper Mines, Talla dega County; son of Robert Augustus, and Ed na (Moore) Hurst, the former a native of Butts County, Ga., who moved with his father to Fish Head Valley in 1836, and later served as a lieutenant in Co. E, Thirty-first Alabama volunteers, C. S. Army; grandson of William -Hurst, a soldier in the Seminole War, and of Rev. Samuel Moore, who emigrated from An derson District, S. C, to Fish Head Valley in 1837; great-grandson of Robert Hurst, a Rev olutionary soldier, whose ancestors came from England to Virginia about 1670. Mr. Hurst was educated in the schools of Talladega and Clay Counties, and at Lineville academy. He taught in the public schools of Clay, Randolph and Cleburne. Counties for about ten years; was county superintendent of education for Cleburne County, 1880-1892; read law while teaching and was admitted to the bar, 1880; practiced law in the firm of Aiken, Burton & Hurst until 1886; in the firm of Feagin & Hurst until 1891; and alone until 1897; was appointed probate judge to fill an unexpired term, 1897; and was elected to that office for a term of six years, 1898. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; a Mason and a Knight of Pythias; and is a member of the executive committee of the board of directors of Jacksonville normal col lege. Married: December 10, 1879, to Mary A. Tolleson, of White Plains, daughter of Jesse and Mary Pesnell Tolleson. Children: 1. Le Roy R.; 2. Alpheus J.; 3. Gussye; 4. Minnie; 5. Carl Bryce; 6. Herbert J.; 7. Essie; 8. Ruth; 9. Hugh; 10. Grace; 11. Louise. Residence: Edwardsville. HURST, JAMES ALPHEUS, physician, was born August 30, 1865, at Rockford, Coosa Coun ty; son of James Franklin and Mary Frances 876 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY (Porter) Hurst (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of Coosa County, and was graduated from the medical department of the University of Alabama, M. D., 1890. He began to practice medicine at Walnut Grove, 1891; served in the State senate from the sixth dis trict, 1901; is a Populist; and a Missionary Baptist. Married: July 24, 1889, at Gadsden, to Cora Ann Clayton. Residence: Walnut Grove. HURST, JAMES FRANKLIN, lawyer, was born February 22, 1828, in Butts County, Ga.) deceased; son of William and Nancy (Scruggs) Hurst, the former who moved from Virginia to Talladega County; grandson of James and Mary Scruggs, of Columbia County, Ga. He was educated in the common schools of Alabama and Georgia; studied law and was admitted to the bar; began to practice at Rockford, 1860; served as a delegate from Coosa County in the constitutional convention of 1867; was U. S. Commissioner, 1882-1888. He was a Republi can; and a Methodist. Married: (1) to Nancy Nolen, daughter of Abner and Vashti Nolen of Coosa County; (2) to Mary Frances Porter, daughter of Sidney Jefferson and Mary Porter of Rockford; (3) to, Mattie Elizabeth White, daughter of Stephen A and Martha White. Children: 1. James Alpheus (q. v.). Last res idence: Rockford. HURT, WILLIAM H., planter, was born in 1846, in Macon County; son of Elisha Fletcher and Amanda A. (Marshall) Hurt, natives re spectively of Putnam and Talbot Counties, Ga., the former who was brought by his parents to Russell County when a boy, returned to Geor gia after reaching manhood, was married in Talbot County, then returned to Alabama, and located in Macon County, where he farmed until his death a few years later, the latter who was married to James T. Burt after the death of her first husband, and died in 1880, in Lee County; grandson of Hon. William B. Mar shall of Talbot County, Ga., who was a mem ber of the Georgia legislature and of the seces sion convention of 1861, and of Henry Hurt, who was of English descent, and moved from Georgia to Russell County early in the history of the state. Mr. Hurt was reared on a farm, and in 1861, when he was fifteen years old, joined Co. C, Fifteenth Alabama infantry, C. S. Army. He participated in the battles of Winchester, Port Republic, seven days around Richmond, Cross Keys, second Manassas, Har per's Ferry, Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg and Gettysburg, at which latter place he was cap tured, July 2, 1863, and confined to prison at Fort Delaware until June, 1865. He served as orderly sergeant of his company during part of the time and was once slightly wounded. After the close of the war, he returned home and attended school for a short time, then en gaged in farming. He served as tax collector of Macon County, 1875-1880; was elected pro bate judge in 1886 and was re-elected to that position in 1892. He is an Episcopalian; a Mason; a member of the Knights of Honor; and of the Legion of Honor. Married: (1) in 1867, to Theresa E. Moore, who died in August, 1884, daughter of Dr. James S. Moore, of Georgia, who was graduated from West Point in the same class with Gen. Robert E. Lee, was for many years a successful physician, was an earlier settler of Macon County, and died at Warrior Stand, shortly after the close of the War of Secession; (2) in 1888, to Mary Jessie Granberry, a native of Harris County, Ga., daughter of Prof. G. A. Granberry, of Dothan. He had five children by his first marriage. Residence: Macon County. HURT, W. P., Methodist minister; member of the Alabama conference. Residence: Pensa cola, Fla. HURTEL, ALPHONSE, mayor of Mobile, 1875-77, and succeeded^ upon his death in the latter year, by D. P. Bestor. HUSBANDS, WILLIAM, soldier of the Amer- ican Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Greene County; private N. C. Militia; en rolled July 2, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $240. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. XIV, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. HUSE, CALEB, commandant and professor of chemistry, at the University of Alabama, 1860-61. HUTCHENS, WILLIAM THOMAS, business man, was born December 24, 1859, at Hunts ville, Madison County; son of James M. and Lucy E. (Hodges) Hutchens, the former a na tive of Tennessee, born near Morristown, was a contractor and builder, who enlisted in the C. S. Army in 1862, joining the Fourth Ala bama cavalry, Russell's regiment, Forrest's brigade, and served with the ambulance corps until the close of the war, who was a member of the city council for years, and erected the government building at Huntsville, the latter a native of Tennessee who was reared in Ala bama; grandson of James D. and Polly Hodges, who came from East Tennessee to Alabama and located at Ditto's Landing, now Whites- burg, the former of whom was killed at Buck Snort Mountain in 1864, by Federal troops. He was educated in public and private schools at Huntsville, and worked for his father after leaving school. He was elected chief of police by the city council when he was twenty years old but resigned soon after to enter business for himself. Selling out his mercantile busi ness, he was elected chief of night police by the city council. After his term of office had ex pired, he became a bookkeeper for his father. In 1887, he engaged in the plumbing and steam- heating business, in which occupation he has continued. He has for years been senior mem ber of the firm of Hutchens & Murdock. He was elected a member of the city council for a term of four years, 1889; was elected mayor for a term of two years, 1893; was re-elected without opposition in 1895; was appointed postmaster by President McKinley, February 3, 1898; and was reappointed by President DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 877 Roosevelt, February 10, 1902. He is a Ban hoftnVW °* pythlas= ^d an Odd Fellow* holding high offices in both of the fraternal orders. Married: September 30, 1896, to WUlte L^,BJr«R*of ?untsvi»e. Children: 1. Al Ian V; 2. Morton M.; 3. Willard C; 4. Vernon Fisher; 5. William J., deceased; 6. Mary E Huntevilie E1Si6' deceased- Residence: HUTCHESON, WILLIAM GILMER, lawyer, was born September 21, 1857, in Montgomery; son of John Dean Hutcheson, a native of Laur ens District, S. C; who came to Alabama in 1846, and spent the rest of his life in Mont gomery as a drygoods merchant, dying in 1865 at the age of forty-eight years. His mother was a daughter of Judge B. S. Bibb. He re ceived his early schooling in Montgomery, was graduated from the Virginia military institute at Lexington, and from the law department of Vanderbilt university, LL. B., 1879. He was admitted to the bar before the supreme court of Alabama in June, 1879, and immediately be gan to practice law in Montgomery. He formed a partnership with L. A. Shaver, esq., in 1881, and continued in that association for many years. Married: October 3, 1881, at Nashville, Tenn., to Kate Baxter, daughter of Edmund Baxter, esq., a lawyer of that city. Children: three. Residence: Montgomery. HUTCHINSON, JOSEPH JOHNSTON, law yer, jurist, and later a Methodist minister. He resided at various times in Montgomery, Mo bile, Tuscaloosa and Greensboro. HUTCHISON, MILLER REESE, engineer and inventor, was born August 6, 1876, at Mont rose, Baldwin County, son of William Peter and Tracie (Magruder) Hutchison. He received his early education in the Mobile public schools; attended Marion military institute, 1889-91; Spring Hill college, 1891-2; University military institute, Mobile, 1892-95; received the degree of electrical engineer from the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1897; Spring Hill col lege, Ph. D., 1914, later attended the Alabama medical college. During the Spanish-American War he was chief engineer of the seventh and eighth light house districts. Among his numer ous inventions are the "Acousticon" and the "Massacon" for the deaf, the "Hutchison Elec tric Tachometer," and the "Klaxon horn." He is engineer advisor to Thomas A. Edison. Mar ried: May 31, 1901, to Martha J. Pomeroy, of Minneapolis. Residence: East Orange, N. J. HUTTO, JASPER CUNNINGHAM, news paper man and teacher, was born August 30, 1887, at Lincoln, Talladega County; son of Rev. Allen Augustus and Margaret Olivia (Acker) Hutto. His preparatory education was received in private schools, and in the public schools of Louisville, Ky., Annis ton and Decatur. He was graduated from Howard college, Birmingham, 1909, with the B. A. degree and after another year's work in residence there was awarded the degree of M. A., having won honors in scholarship and in oratory. He was graduated from the School of journalism of the University of Missouri, June, 1911, with the degree of B. S. During 1912-13, he was employed in the news depart ment of the "Montgomery Advertiser," one year as reporter, covering the State Capitol, the second as city editor. He was state edi tor for the "Birmingham News" the two years following. In January, 1915, he accepted the chair of journalism at Howard college, Bir mingham, being the first individual to estab lish and permanently operate a full college de partment of journalism in Alabama. He is a Democrat and Baptist. Married: December 31, 1913, in Birmingham, to Leta Emily, daughter of James Wallace and Hattie (Herring) Har grove of that city. Residence: Birmingham. HUTTO, JOHN C, major, 30th, also known as 26th, Caltart's, Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. HUTTON, AURELIUS WINFIELD, lawyer, was born July 23, 1847, in Greene County; son of Dr. Aquilla Davis and Elizabeth Hannah (Tutt) Hutton, of Hopewell, Greene County, and Edgefield District, S. C, respectively; grandson of Gen. Joseph and Nancy (Calhoun) Hutton, who removed from Abbeville District, S. C, to Greene County. A sister of Mr. Hut ton is the wife of Dr. D. H. Williams (q. v.). He entered the University of Alabama in 1863, and was assigned, as a private to Co. B, Ala bama corps cadets, serving until it was dis banded about April 15, 1865. He began the study of law in the office of Bliss and Sne- decor, at Gainesville, 1866; graduated from the University of Virginia, LL. B., 1868; admitted to the practice by the Alabama supreme court in January, 1869, and the following month re moved to Los Angeles, Calif., where he has continuously resided. He was elected city at torney, 1872; re-elected 1874; served as judge of the superior court, 1887 and 1888; U. S. district attorney pro tem, 1889-90; and in 1891, although a Democrat, he was appointed by President Harrison as special counsel for the United States in the suit against the S. S. Itata, for violation of the neutrality laws of the U. S., during the civil war in Chile. He is major general of the Pacific division, United Confederate Veterans. Married: February 24, 1874, at Los Angeles, to Kate Irene Travis, for merly of Gainesville, who bore him ten chil dren. Residence: Los Angeles, Calif. HUTTON, CORNELIUS MARION, Presby terian minister, was born November 26, 1835; son of William J. and Ann (Callaway) Hut ton, the former the brother of Dr. Aquilla D., father of Aurelius W. Hutton (q. v.). Rev. Mr. Hutton was educated at the University of Alabama, A. B., 1857, A. M., 1858; graduated from the Theological seminary, Columbia, S. C, 1860; was pastor of the Bethel church, 1860-66; chaplain, 36th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army, 1861-65; pastor Bethseda church, 1866-69; Pleasant Ridge church, 1870- 89; and removed to Texas in 1889, when he served various churches. From 1869 to 1886 he was also a teacher. Married: (1) July 28, 1864, at Union, to E. Jennie Gordon; (2) Au- 878 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY gust 25, 1886, at Georgetown, Tex., to Mrs. Laura (Daniel) Burke. Residence: Pilot Point, Tex. HYBART, CHARLES L., lawyer; living in 1913. Residence: Monroeville. IBERVILLE, PIERRE le MOYNE, SIEUR de, French-Canadian explorer, the first gover nor of the province of Louisiana, was born July 16, 1661, in Montreal, Canada, and died July 9, 1706, in Havana, Cuba; son of Charles le Moyne, Sieur de' Longueuil, a native of France, but a resident of Canada for many years, interpreter to the colony of Villemarie being familiar with the language of the Hurons, and captain of Mon treal; brother of Jean Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville (q. v.). He joined the French navy at the age of fourteen and was later regarded as the most skilful officer in that navy. He was entrusted with the project of establishing direct intercourse between France and the Mississippi. He left Brest on October 17, 1698, reached Mobile Bay, January 31, 1699, anchoring near Massacre, now Dauphin Island, later, March 2, 1699, entering the Mississippi River, after hav ing erected huts on Ship Island. He established a colony at Fort Biloxi and in May, 1699, re turned to France, but in January, 1700, again reached Fort Biloxi. In December, 1701, the colony, having been greatly reduced by disease, was transferred to the settlement of Mobile and also occupied Dauphin Island. He was made captain of a line of battleships in 1702, and while cruising the coast of North Carolina in 1706, was stricken with a fatal malady. Last residence: Mobile. IKELHEIMER, EDWARD, merchant, was born September 15,. 1819, in Bavaria, Germany. He received a classical and commercial educa tion in the schools of his native county; emi grated to America in 1S44, locating in New York; removed South and settled in Selma in the fall of 1844, where he became a prosperous merchant. INGE, FRANCIS, planter, was born about 1780, in North Carolina, and died in Greene County; son of Richard, sr., and Sally (John son) Inge (q. v.) ; brother of Dr. Richard, (q. v.), William Marshall (q. v.), and John Johnson Inge (q. v.) and half-brother of Rob ert Sturdivant (q. v.) and Lt Zebulon Mont gomery Pike Inge (q. v.). He was educated in the common schools of North Carolina, and became a planter. In 1821, he accom panied his father's family to Alabama, where they settled in Tuscaloosa as pioneer citizens and engaged in extensive planting. He won the title of major in the Mexican War. He was a Democrat. Married: about 1815, to Rebecca Coke Williams, of North Carolina. Children: 1. Samuel W., m. Miss Hill of Greene County; 2. Richard; 3. Francis Deca tur; 4. John Henry; 5. William Murphy (q. v.), m. Augusta Evans, of Mississippi, a cou sin of Augusta Evans Wilson, author; 6. George. Last residence: Greene County. INGE, FRAAXIS JAMES, jr., lawyer and solicitor for Mobile County, was born April 24, 1871, at Hollow Square, Hale County, and now resides in Mobile; son of Francis James, sr., and Emma Mentoria (Chapman) Inge (q. v.). He received his preparatory education in pri vate schools and later attended Barton academy and the Southern university, Greensboro, and graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1890; studied law two years at the lat ter institution, receiving the degree of LL. B., in 1892. Admitted to the practice, he located in Mobile, where he now resides. He has been president of the city council; solicitor for Mobile County; adjutant of the Mobile bat talion, First Regiment A. N. G., 1897; chief of ordnance, with the rank of colonel on gover nor's staff, 1907-12. He is a Democrat; an Elk; and a Methodist. Married; September 1, 1900, in Mobile, to Ellen Mary, daughter of Thomas Lott and Mary (Waring) Harrison, of Mobile. Children: 1. Francis Harrison; 2. Waring. Residence: Mobile. INGE, FRANCIS JAMES, sr., merchant, was born April 18, 1832; in- Greene County, and died January 8, 1891, in Mobile; son of Dr. Richard and Rebecca Eaton (Brownlow) Inge (q. v.); brother of Richard Freer Inge (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Greene County, and entered business life at an early age, removing to Mobile, where he resided until his death. He was enlisted in the Con federate service, Co. B, 11th Alabama infan try regiment, 1861; later transferred to Gen. Grade's brigade and served the full four years of the war. He was a Democrat; a Mason; and a Methodist. Married: June 9, 1870, at Sawyersville, to Emma M., daughter of Joseph and Harriet Jane (Evans) Chapman, of Hale County. Children: 1. Francis James, jr., m. Ellen M. Harrison; 2. Richard Henry, m. Annie Lewis; 3. Hattie, m. Ernest B. Denison. Last residence: Mobile. INGE, HARRY TUTWILER, physician and surgeon, was born September 20, 1861, at Fork- land, Greene County; son of William Bullock, sr., and Elizabeth Brock (Herndon) Inge (q. v.), brother of William Bullock Inge, jr. (q. v.), Zebulon Montgomery Pike Inge, jr. (q. v.), and of Richard Inge, III (q. v.). He received his early education in private schools and later entered the Southern university, at Greens boro. He graduated from the University of Alabama in 1881 with the A. B. degree and in 1885 was given the honorary degree of A. M. He entered the University of Virginia and studied medicine there and in the Uni versity of New York from which latter insti tution he graduated in 1883. He located in Mobile where he has since practiced his pro fession and lent his executive talents to civic and patriotic activities. He was a member of the city council, 1896-1911; member of the school board, 1900-12; president, Mobile Bay quarantine board, 1896-97; president, Mobile County medical society; counsellor, State med ical association, 1885; orator, State medical association, 1890; president, surgical section. Southern medical and surgical association, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 879 1911; president, State medical association, 1912; surgeon, Louisville and Nashville rail road company; chief surgeon, Southern rail way company in Mississippi; chief surgeon, Mobile and Ohio railroad company; member, Mobile cadets, 1883-1890; surgeon, with rank of brigadier general, in the State staff, 1895-98. He established in association with Dr. E. D. Bondurant, the Inge-Bondurant sanatorium, in Mobile, in 1898. He is a Democrat; and Knight Templar. Married: June 23, 1883, in Greens boro, to Belle, daughter of Dr. F. M. and Mar garet (Sledge) Peterson, who lived at that place. Children: 1. Francis Marion; 2. Harry Tutwiler, jr.; 3. Walter Herndon; 4. Richard. Residence: Mobile. INGE, JOHN JOHNSON, jr., physician and surgeon, was born October 3, 1822, and died September 13, 1904, in San Fernando, Calif.; son of John Johnson, sr., and Ann Richmond (Hill) Inge, of Tuscaloosa, who removed from North Carolina to Alabama in 1818, and who induced his father and brothers to immigrate; grandson of Richard, sr., and Sally (Johnson) Inge (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Tuscaloosa; studied medicine at Tulane uni versity; and at Jefferson college at Phila delphia. He practiced his profession at Tus caloosa, but removed to Mississippi, and later to Ft. Worth, Texas, where he was a pioneer physician and was often sent for to assist in surgical operations at Ft. Belknap, at such times being escorted to and fro, through the Apache Indian country, by a company of sol diers from the fort. He was a surgeon in the Confederate army, Texas troops. He was a Whig, after 1865, a Democrat; a Mason; and a Methodist. Married: (1) to Agnes, daugh ter of Gen. Nathaniel and Mary (Easley) Terry; (2) May 10, 1878, in Weatherford, Texas, to Juliette, daughter of James and Sally Johnson (Inge) Hogan; and granddaughter of Richard, sr., and Sally (Johnson) Inge, and of William and Sarah (Grant) Hogan, all of Tuscaloosa. Children: by the first wife: 1. Ann Richmond, deceased; 2. Easley, m. Ed ward Yarboro, of Baird, Texas; no children by second marriage. Last residence: San Fernando, Cal. INGE, RICHARD, physician and planter, was born about 1780, in Granville County, N. C, and died in Greensboro; son of Richard and Sally (Johnson), Inge (q. v.); brother of Fran cis Inge (q. v.), William Marshall Inge (q. v.) half brother of Robert Sturdivant Inge (q. v.), and of Lt. Zebulon Montgomery Pike Inge (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of North Carolina and Virginia; graduated in medicine and practiced in North Carolina and Greene County, until his death. Married: (1) to Elizabeth Bullock, of North Carolina; (2) to Mrs. Freer; (3) to Rebecca Brownlow. Chil dren: by the first wife: 1. William Bullock, m. Elizabeth Brock Herndon (q. v.) ; no chil dren by second wife; by third wife: 1. Sarah, m. Toulmin Herndon; 2. Richard Freer (q. v.), m. Fanny Brdwn; 3. Rebecca; 4. Frank, m. Mrs. Kennedy. Last residence: Greensboro. INGE, RICHARD, III, physician and surgeon, was born January 18, 1851, in Greene County, and resides in Greensboro; son of William Bullock, sr., and Elizabeth Brock (Herndon) Inge (q. v.) ; brother of William Bullock Inge, jr. (q. v.), Dr. Harry Tutwiler Inge (q. v.), and of Zebulon Montgomery Pike Inge, jr. (q. v.). He was educated at the Southern univer sity; studied medicine, and graduated from the University of Virginia, 1870; graduated in medi cine from the University of New York City, 1871; was interne in New York City hospital, 1871-73, and in the latter year located in Greens boro, where he practices his profession. He is a member of the State and County medical societies. He is a Democrat; Mason; Knight of Pythias; and a Methodist. Married: Novem ber, 1879, to Caroline, daughter of Col. Thomas H. and Mary E. (Alexander) Herndon (q. v.). Residence: Greensboro. INGE, RICHARD, sr., Revolutionary soldier and planter, was born in 1754, in King and Queen's County, Va., died August 13, 1833, in Tuscaloosa, and is buried in the old Inge graveyard; son of English parents, who came to America many years before the Revolution. He was educated in the schools of Virginia and engaged in tobacco planting. He removed to North Carolina, thence, in 1821, to Tuscaloosa, where he was a pioneer citizen and planter. Married: (1) to Sally Johnson of North Caro lina; (2) in 1806, to Mary Sturdivant, of Din widdie County, Va. Children: by the first wife: 1. Mary, m. William Murphy, of Greene County, nine children; 2. Dr. Richard (q. v.); 3. William Marshall, m. Susan Marr (q. v.) ; 4. Francis, m. Rebecca Coke Williams; 5. John, m. Ann Richmond Hill; 6. Haley, d.; 7. Phile mon, d.; children by the second wife: 1. Sally Johnson, m. James Hogan; 2. Elizabeth Turner, m. Gen. G. W. Crabbe, M. C; 3. Robert Sturdi vant, m. Agatha Marr (q. v.) ; 4. Zebulon Mont gomery Pike, m. Rosa Williams (q. v.) ; 5. Martha Ann, m. Dr. John Marrast; 6. Evalina Belmont, m. Robert H. Smith of Mobile; 7. Emily Stewart, 2nd wife of Robert H. Smith. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. INGE, RICHARD FREER, lawyer, State leg islator and colonel C. S. Army, was born March 12, 1830, near Forkland, Greene County, and died September 23, 1863, of wounds received in the battle of Chickamauga; son of Dr. Richard and Rebecca Eaton (Brownlow) Inge (q. v.) ; brother of Francis James Inge (q. v.). He was educated in the private schools of Forkland; entered the State university in 1847, and studied law under John Womack of Eutaw. He practiced for three years in Forkland; removed to Eutaw and formed a partnership with J. D. Webb and T. H. Herndon. In 1853 he repre sented Greene County in the legislature; and, 1857, was elector, on the Fillmore ticket. He- entered the Confederate service, in 1861, as cap tain in the 18th Alabama infantry regiment, and served from Shiloh to Chickamauga, where as colonel of the 18th, he led it in Stewart's charge, was mortally wounded and died after the battle. His remains were brought to Eutaw for interment. He was a Whig; and a Meth odist. Married: December 6, 1855, to Frances 880 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Amanda, daughter of Andrew and Amanda A. (Watson) Brown, of Eutaw, who were from Fayetteville, N. C. Children: 1. Richard Freer, jr.; 2. Andrew Brown, m. Louise Gallagher; 3. Francis James, m. Ann Brown; 4. Virginia Brown, m. Thomas Fleming Winn. Last resi dence: Eutaw. INGE, ROBERT STURDIVANT, lawyer and mayor, was born August 1, 1810, in Virginia, and died August 23, 1850, at Livingston Sum ter County; son of Richard, sr., and Mary (Sturdivant) Inge (q. v.) ; brother of Zebulon Montgomery Pike Inge (q. v.), half brother of Richard Inge (q. v.), and William Marshall Inge (q. v.), and of Francis Inge (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Tuscaloosa and Tennessee; studied law at Erie, and practiced in Tennessee. He was made circuit judge in 1833, in Tennessee, before removing perman ently to Alabama; held the office of mayor of Tuscaloosa; removed to Livingston, Sumter County, where he resided until his death. Au thor: wrote prose and poetry, contributing to "The Southern," a magazine of that day. He was a Whig; a Mason; and an Episcopalian. Married: December 11, 1832, at Tuscaloosa, to Agatha Susannah, daughter of William Miller and Nancy Greene (Perkins) Marr, of Tennes see; granddaughter of Daniel and Bethemia Perkins, the former a Revolutionary soldier, under General Greene. Children: 1. Mary Perkins; 2. Ann Elizabeth; 3. Robert S., jr., 4. William Hardin; 5. Frances Annie, m. Mal colm Burke; 6. Zebulon Montgomery Pike, m. Adele Ketchum; 7. Daniel Perkins Marr, m. Ella Bishop; 8. Mary Jane, m. Dr. Casimir A. Landrum. Last residence: Livingston. INGE, SAMUEL WILLIAMS, sr., lawyer, State legislator, district attorney In California and member of congress, was born February 22, 1817, in Warren County, N. C. and died June 10, 1868, in San Francisco, Calif.; son of Major Francis and Rebecca Coke (Williams) Inge (q. v.) ; brother of William Murphy Inge (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Greene and Tuscaloosa Counties; attended the State university; studied law under William M. Murphy and W. G. Vandergraff, at Erie; practiced at Eutaw in 1839; later removing to Livingston. In 1844, he represented Sumter County in the legislature and 1847 was elected to congress, re-elected 1849, and 1851-53. He fought a duel with Stanley, of North Carolina, a member of congress. In 1853 he was ap pointed Federal district attorney for California, by President Pierce. Later he surveyed the State of Sonora, Mexico, but returned to San Francisco where he formed a partnership with A. P. Crittenden, and where he resided until his death. He was a Democrat. Married: to Miss Hill, of Greene County. Children: Sam uel W., jr., m. Imogene Fanny Inge, daughter of William Bullock Inge (q. v.) ; 2. Juliette, m. Dr. Inge. Last residence: San Fran cisco. INGE, WILLIAM BULLOCK, sr., planter, was born June 22, 1815, in Granville County, N. C, and died January 3, 1873, at Forkland, Greene County; son of Dr. Richard and Eliza beth (Bullock) Inge (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Greene County, and was the first matriculate and A. M. graduate of the University of Alabama. He applied his know£ edge of scientific farming on an extensive scaTe He was a Democrat; Mason; and a Methodist ot'Tnom^w E1^eth Brock' *SS£ rtL «? m™ • H' and Emma (Toulmin) Hern- *%fftJb2Bi Q?TaB Count3r- Children: 1, 2 Qol3\d£d ln infancy; 4. Imogene Fanny m en £7 T' -r\nge' Jr': 5- Wllliam Bullock fr (q. v.); £ Dr Richard Inge, III (q. v.) m Caroline Herndon; 7. Sarah Virginia, m. C A Selden; 8. Zebulon Montgomery Pike (a v 1 • m Greene County; son of William Bullock, sr., and Elizabeth Brock (Herndon) (q. v.); brother of Zebulon Mont gomery Pike Inge, jr. (q. v.), and of Richard Inge, III (q. v.), and of Dr. Harry Tutwiler Inge (q. v.). He was educated in private schools and entered the Southern university at Greensboro, where he graduated with the degree of A. M., in 1868. He engaged in farm ing on the plantation at Forkland, 1870. In 1878 he removed his family to Greensboro- served on the city council for thirteen years; served in the State senate, 1884-87; represented the 32nd senatorial district in constitutional convention, 1901; and a school trustee for twen ty years. He is a Democrat; a Mason; a Knight of Pythias; and a Methodist. Married- December 15, 1870, to Lida Virginia, daugh ter of Dr. James L. and Eliza Ann (Croom) Tunstall, of Greensboro. Children: 1. Dr. James Tunstall, m. Helen Moore, of Mobile; 2. Wil liam Bullock, III, m. Grace Bestor; 3. Dr Richard, III, m. Willy Creagh Clarke; 4. Lida Tunstall, m. T. Bowen Hill, of Montgomery 5. Marian, m. Dr. J. R. Goodloe, of Demopolis. Residence: Greensboro. INGE, WILLIAM MARSHALL, lawyer, was born about 1802, in Granville County, N. C, and died in 1842, in Sumter County; son of Richard, sr., and Sally (Johnson) Inge (q. v.), brother of Dr. Richard Inge (q. v.), Fran cis Inge (q. v.), half brother of Robert Stur divant Inge (q. v.), and of Lt. Zebulon Mont gomery Pike Inge (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of North Carolina and Tennes see; was admitted to the bar and represented Tennessee in congress, 1833-35; in 1836, joined his brothers in Alabama and formed a law partnership with Robert H. Smith. Married: Susan Marr, of Fayetteville, Tenn. Children: 1. Sally, m. Gaines; 2. Mary Turner; 3. Eliza Jane, m. Scarborough, of Mis sissippi; 4. John; 5. Susan; 6. William Mar shall, jr. Last residence: Sumter County. INGE, WILLIAM MURPHY, lawyer and col onel C. S. Army, was born in Greene County, and died in Corinth, Miss.; son of Major Fran cis and Rebecca Coke (Williams) Inge (q.v.); brother of Samuel Williams Inge (q.v.). He ROBERT JEMISON IV DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 883 was educated in Tuscaloosa and Greene coun ties and studied law. He removed at an early age to Corinth, Miss., where he practiced his profession, and represented his county in the legislature, being speaker of the house in 1884, presided when Jefferson Davis made his ap pearance before that body to make his last speech to Mississippians. He enlisted in the Confederate service, in 1861; surrendered at Macon, Ga., 1865, as colonel of the 12th Missis sippi infantry regiment, having served from Manassas, to Shiloh, Gettysburg to Macon. He was a Democrat. Married: to Augusta Evans, of Corinth, Miss., a cousin of Augusta Evans Wilson, the author. Children: 1. Mary Wil liams, m. Hoskins, of Mississippi. Last residence: Corinth, Miss. INGE, ZEBULON MONTGOMERY PIKE, lieutenant in U. S. Army, was bora in 1814, in Granville County, N. C, and killed May 9, 1846, in the battle of La Resaca De La Palma, Mexi can War; son of Richard, sr., and Mary (Sturdivant) Inge (q.v.); brother of Robert Sturdivant Inge (q.v.), half brother of Richard Inge (q.v.), of William Marshall Inge (q.v.) and of Francis Inge (q.v.) He was educated in the schools of Tuscaloosa; attended the State university, 1832; graduated at West Point military academy, 1838, entered the Mexican War as 1st lieutenant 20th U. S. dragoons. He also served in the Seminole War. His body was brought from Mexico by his brother with the intention of burial in Tuscaloosa, but the boat "The Tuscaloosa" conveying the remains, was destroyed by an accident in the Tombigbee river and the body was never recovered from its watery grave. A committee on arrange ment for suitable ceremonies while the body was resting in Mobile enroute homeward, in vited the Rev. W. T. Hamilton to make a fune ral oration at the Government street church, January 30, 1846. The eloquent address made on that occasion is preserved in the Depart ment of Archives and History in Montgomery. The following account is given therein of the heroic manner of the death of Lieutenant Inge, prepared by Captain May, the officer in whose command the young Alabamaian was serving: "On the morning of the 9th my squadron was actively employed in reconnoitering the chap- paral in advance of the field of the 8th; and, on the advance of the army, I took my position as the advance guard. When about half a mile from the position which the enemy were re ported to have taken, I was ordered to halt, and allow the artillery and infantry to pass, and await further orders. After about three quarters of an hour, the general ordered me to charge the, enemy's batteries and drive them from their pieces, which was rapidly executed with the loss of Lieut. Inge, seven privates and ten horses wounded; Lieutenant Lacket and Sergeant Story, in the front, by my side, had their horses killed under them. Lieut Inge was gallantly leading his platoon when he tell. We charged entirely through the enemy s bat teries of seven pieces, and gained the rising ground on the opposite side of the ravine The charge was made under a heavy fire of the enemy's batteries, which accounts for my great loss. After gaining the rising ground in the rear, I could rally only six men, and with them I charged the enemy's gunners, who had regained their pieces, drove them off, and took prisoner General La Venga, whom I found gallantly fighting in person at the battery. It was on this rising ground beyond the redoubt, and in the very act of wheeling his horse to return to charge on the Mexican gunners, that Lieut. Inge, with a large part of the troops he so admirably led, was killed by the discharge of musquetry from a compact body of infantry posted immediately behind the redoubt, and who had reserved their fire until the American assailants were within murderous reach of their weapons. Lieutenant Inge fell dead on the very spot where he was wheeling round to return to the charge. His body was found pierced with nine wounds, any one of which would have proved mortal." Married: Rosa Williams, of Maryland. Last residence: Tusca loosa. INGE, ZEBULON MONTGOMERY PIKE, jr., lawyer and State legislator, was born February 7, 1856, at Forkland, Greene County; son of William Bullock and Elizabeth (Herndon) Inge (q. v.) ; brother of William Bullock Inge, jr. (q. v.), of Richard Inge, III. (q. v.), and of Dr. Harry Tutwiler Inge (q. v.). He was edu cated in private schools and the preparatory de partment of the Southern university from which he graduated, A.M., 1875. He studied law at the University of Virginia, 1875-76; admitted to practice, 1876, in Mobile; represented Mobile County in the legislature, 1884-85; trustee for Mobile City bond-holders, 1885-1908. He is a Democrat, and has served as secretary of the executive committee of Mobile County. He is a member of the Chi Phi college fraternity. Married: December 4, 1878, to Nona, daugh ter of George M. and Virginia (Brown) Johnston, of Greensboro. Children: 1. Virginia, m. Charles A. Lesesne; 2. Zebulon Montgomery Pike, jr.; 3. Nona; 4. Herndon, m. Margaret Erwin; 5. Imogene; 6. George B. Residence: Mobile. INGERSOLL, ANDREW J., lieutenant colo nel, 21st Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. INGLE, ANDREW J., member of the consti tutional convention of 1875, from Winston County. INGRAM, AUGUSTUS J., major 12th Ala bama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. INGRAM, FRANCIS JEFFERSON, farmer, Baptist minister; was born January 26, 1865, near Delta, Randolph County; son of Francis Marion and Martha (Smith) Mills Ingram, the former who was a native of Randolph County, a member of the army of northern Virginia, and a farmer; grandson of Edmund and Rachel (Newsom) Ingram, of Georgia, and of Archi bald and Sarah (Tollison) Smith, who lived in Monroe County, Ga., and who removed in 1858 to near Delta, now Clay County. He was educated in the common schools of his native 884 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY county, and at Ashville and Lineville colleges. He has been a farmer, was school teacher for eighteen years and a Baptist minister twenty years. He served Union church, 1900-1903; Goodhope church at Delta, 1900-1903; Mt. Moriah; Delta; Concord; Springhill; Liberty; Lystra; Rockspring; Ashland; Olive Branch; Mellow Valley; Gibsonville; and is now serv ing Alexandria, Calhoun County, and Abanda, Chambers County. Mr. Ingram was superin tendent of education for Clay County, 1894 to 1898; was probate judge of Clay County, 1904-1917; and a member of the house of rep resentatives from Clay County, 1919. He is a Democrat; Baptist; and Mason. Married: May 30th, 1900, near Delta, to Mariah Eva- line, daughter of Charles Albert and Mariah (Casper) Johnson, who were natives of Georgia, the former was a Confederate soldier, spending some months a prisoner at Fort Delaware. Children: 1. Earnest Francis; 2. Carey Jud son; 3. Ray Greene; 4. Ruth Eveline; 5. Annie Belle; 6. Everett Jefferson; 7. Winnell. Resi dence : Ashland. INZER, JOHN WASHINGTON, lawyer, was born January 9, 1834, near Lawrenceville, Gwinnett County, Ga.; son of Henry White and Phoebe Harden (Reid) Inzer, who were mar ried in August, 1824, near Lawrenceville, Ga., and lived at Montgomery's Mills, on Yellow River, until about 1830, when they moved to a plantation at the headwaters of Sweetwater Creek, and later moved to Alabama, settling at Eden, St. Clair County; grandson of John and Mary (Dowdy) Inzer, who moved from North Carolina to Hall County, Ga., in 1814 or 1815, the former a native of England, born in 1760, who came when quite young with his parents and settled near Baltimore, Md., served two years in the colonial navy, most of the time as midshipman, became a soldier in the American Revolution under command of George Washington, serving until the end of the war, and died in 1831, at his residence in Hall County, Ga., the latter a native of North Carolina, who was reared in that state, and married about 1796, and after the death of her husband moved with her daughter to Gwin nett County, Ga., where she resided until 1842, then moved to Buckhom Valley, Talladega County, near Oxford, and lived with her daugh ter at that place until her death, and of John and Mary (Harden) Reid, the former who served in the War of 1812, with the Second South Carolina troops, and died when com paratively a young man in South Carolina, the latter who moved from Pendleton District, S. C, after the death of her husband, to Gwin nett County, Ga., and died there in December, 1851. His father was born June 22, 1799, in Moore County, N. C, and went with his par ents to Hall County, Ga., where he remained for a short time; then moved to Jackson Coun ty, Ga., where he learned the trades of a me chanic, a smith, and a wheelright. In 1822, he moved to Gwinnett County, Ga., and opened a smith and wood shop and engaged in farm ing at Montgomery's Mills, where he re mained until December, 1853. In 1837, he raised and mainly equipped a light horse com pany for the Indian War in Florida, was made captain of the company, and served until late in the spring of 1838, when he returned with his company and was mustered out of the serv ice. He was a Baptist minister for many years before his death, and after moving to Alabama devoted most of his time to preaching. His wife was born in Pendleton District, S. C, Feb ruary 14, 1805, and was a blue stocking Pres byterian of that state. . Judge Inzer was reared on his father's farm in Gwinnett County, Ga. He attended the com mon school of the vicinity, and the Gwinnett institute, under the supervision of Rev. James Patterson, in 1852. He taught a country school near Lawrenceville, in 1853, and moved with his parents to St. Clair County the following year. Later in the year, he went to Talladega and entered the law office of the late Senator John T. Morgan and Judge A. J. Walker, the late chief justice of the supreme court, as a law student. He was admitted to the bar of the cir cuit court of Talladega County, 1855, and be fore the supreme court of Alabama in 1859. He located in Ashville, January 8, 1856, and has ever since pursued his profession at that place. He was appointed probate judge of St. Clair County by Gov. Andrew Barry Moore to fill a vacancy in May, 1859, and held the office until the election in May of the following year. He was a delegate at the Democratic convention held in Montgomery,' June 14, 1860, and in De cember of that year, was elected to represent the county in the secession convention held at Montgomery, July 7, 1881. He entered the C. S. Army in the latter part of 1861, as a private soldier in the Fifth Alabama battalion of in fantry. Later he was promoted to first lieu tenant of Co. L, Eighteenth Alabama Infantry regiment. The battalion was disbanded by order of Gen. Bragg at Corinth, Miss., in 1862, and was re-organized at Mobile, in 1863, as the Ninth Alabama battalion. At that time, Judge Inzer was elected captain of Co. G, and about two weeks later was promoted to major. In June, 1863, the battalion was organized into the Fifty-eighth Alabama infantry regiment, with Bush Jones as colonel, and Judge Inzer as lieutenant-colonel. Judge Inzer was present at the battles of Shiloh, Beach Grove, Hookers Gap, McLemores Cove, Chickamauga, Chat tanooga, Lookout Mountain, and Missionary Ridge, and on November 25, 1863, while in command of the regiment, was captured at the top of Missionary Ridge. He was held prisoner at Johnson's Island, near Sandusky, O., until the latter part of June, 1865, when he was re leased by special order of President Andrew Johnson. Soon after his return to his home, he was appointed probate judge of St Clair County. He went to Ashville to reorganize and set up the civil government of the county, then resigned from the office at the end of seven or eight weeks. He was elected probate judge the following year with a majority equal to the en tire number of votes of his nearest opponent, and held that office until displaced by the re construction acts. He was a member of the first active convention that assembled in Ala bama after the war, in Montgomery, 1870; was elected to the State senate from Jefferson, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 885 Walker and St. Clair Counties, 1874; was elected to the constitutional convention of 1875, and in 1890 was nominated and elected to the State senate without opposition. He was ap pointed judge of the Sixteenth judicial circuit in 1907, and in the following year was nomi nated and elected without opposition to the office he had been holding. Because of ill health, he was not a candidate for re-election in 1910. He was chairman of the road com mission of St. Clair County when the bond issue for eighty thousand dollars was made a law; was appointed by Gov. Houston as a trus tee of the Alabama insane hospital and held the position for twenty-four years, part of the time as president of the board; was a member of the board of trustees of Howard college; was appointed brigadier general of the Seventh brigade of Alabama militia by Gov. Houston, and was reappointed by Gov. Cobb, Gov. Seay, and Gov. O'Neal; is a Democrat; is a deacon in the Missionary Baptist church; has served as vice president of the Alabama Baptist State convention; is a Royal Arch Mason; and a Knight of the Golden Eagles. Married: August 2, 1866, to Sallie Et, of Columbiana, a daughter of Capt. Wylie Hill and Caroline Hale (Bowden) Pope, the former an officer in the Twenty-fifth Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, who died in 1864, in Ash ville, the latter a sister of Hon. Franklin W. Bowden (q. v.), a lawyer and for some years a member of congress from Alabama; grand daughter of Wylie and Sarah (Davis) Pope, who came from Georgia to Wetumpka, and of Robert Bowden, who lived near Montevallo. Children: 1 Clara E., m. Hon. James P. Montgomery, re sides in Ashville, has two daughters living, Mil dred and Carolyn, and two sons who are de ceased; 2. Lila Bowden, m. (1) R. L. Freeman by whom she had one son, John Inzer, (2) Senator Watt T. Brown (q. v.), of Ragland, by whom she has two daughters and one son; 3. John Manley, m. Buena Vista Robinson, daugh ter of Hon. J. S. E. Robinson, resides in Ash ville, has three sons and three daughters. Resi dence: Ashville. i IRBY, THOMAS EVANS, Confederate sol dier, was born December 17, 1823, In Marl borough District, S. C, and died May 5, 1862, at the battle of Williamsburg; son of Charles and Rebecca (Evans) Irby, who lived in Marl borough District, S. C, the latter of whom was of Welsh descent, and lived in Roanoke, Va., until she moved with her parents to the east side of Pee Dee River, S. C; grandson of Charles and Mehi table (Kolb) Irby, the former a brother of Edmond Irby who played an active part in the Revolutionary War and was in Capt. Hicks regiment, Mcintosh's brigade, at the siege of Charleston, 1780, and of Thomas Evans, who lived in South Carolina, on the east side of the Pee Dee River. He received his early education at old Spring Hill college, near Mobile; attended the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa; and was graduated from Mount St. Mary's college, at Emmitsburg, Md. He was a planter by profession, and lived on his farm in Dallas County. He raised a company of volunteers for the Mexican War, was elected captain of the company and led it to Mexico in 1847. He was elected to the State legis lature from Wilcox County in 1849; was re turned to the legislature from Dallas County in 1857; and was re-elected in 1859. In 1861 he raised a company and volunteered in the service of the C. S. Army. He was made major of the Eighth Alabama infantry, and passed twelve months in Virginia; was made lieuten ant-colonel of the regiment, and was in com mand when he was killed at the battle of Williamsburg, May 5, 1862. He was a Demo crat and an Episcopalian. Married: June 10, 1852, in Marion, to Tempie Adelaide, daugh ter of Samuel and Eliza (Williams) Perry, who lived in North Carolina. Children: 1. Eliza Perry, m. Abram Louis Pope, resides at Marion, children, Tempie, Thomas Irby, Virginia, Rebecca; 2. Rebecca Evans, resides at Richmond, Ky.; 3. Josiah Evans, d. in 1874; 4. Lucy, m. Nathaniel Jones Davis, resides at Marion, children, Thaddeus Jones and Nathan iel Jones, jr.; 5. Virginia Clay, d. in 1883. Last residence: Dallas County. IRVINE, JAMES, member of the constitu tional convention of 1865, from Lauderdale County. IRWIN, REASON WHITEHEAD, planter, b. October 8, 1840, in Georgia; son of Col. Alex ander and Margaret M. (Lawson) Irwin, of Irwin's Cross Roads, Ga., the former a native of that state, who was reared and married there, a planter who owned large tracts of land and many slaves, and who died in 1839, the latter a native of Georgia, who died in 1852; nephew of Gen. William Irwin (q. v.). He came with his four brothers to Henry County; attended the University of Alabama; and became a planter until the outbreak of the War of Secession. He enlisted in the C. S. Army as first lieutenant of the Irwin Invin- cibles, with his brother as captain of the com pany. He was assigned to the Sixth Alabama infantry regiment, and served three and one half years. After the close of the war, Lieut. Irwin resumed farming. He is a Democrat, and a member of the Missionary Baptist church. Married: March 4, 1863, in Washing ton County, Ga., to Anna Worthen, who was reared in Washington County, Ga., and was graduated from Monroe female college, daughter of Richard Worthen, a planter and merchant of Georgia, who represented Wash ington County in the legislature for several years, and died in 1862. Children: 1. Emma V., a graduate of Shorter female college, Rome, Ga.; 2. George R. Residence: near Shorterville. IRWIN, THOMAS KILSHAW, cotton broker, brigade inspector, general C. S. Army, colonel First regiment Alabama militia, was born July 4, 1835, in Mobile, and died in that city, March 27, 1911; son of Alfred Franklin and Margaret (Kilshaw) Irwin, the former a native of Prince George County, Md., who later lived in New Orleans, La., and Mobile, and was private secretary of Gov. Villere of Louisiana, afterward treasurer Mobile and Ohio railroad; 886 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY grandson of John and Eliza (Gladwyn) Kil- shaw, of Liverpool, England; great-grandson of Thomas Kilshaw and wife, who was a Miss Mc- Ginnis. The Kilshaws were a Lancashire fam ily, originally the Earls of Trafford of Chester, but having sheltered Guy Fawkes, leader of the historic "Gunpowder plot" the family lands and titles were confiscated. They were squires of Kirkham for generations. Through the Mc- Ginnis marriage may be traced descent from one of the kings of Ireland. Gen. Irwin re ceived his education in the common schools of Mobile. He entered the cotton brokerage busi ness in that city about 1852 and later formed a partnership with Maj. Wm. H. Ketchum. He was president of the Mobile cotton exchange at the time of his death and the last surviving charter member of that institution. He was provost marshal of Mobile, 1861; captain in 44th infantry regiment, C. S. Army, 1862; in spector, Gen. Ferguson's brigade of Wheeler's cavalry, 1862-65. He volunteered to act as one of an escort to President Jefferson Davis who after the surrender of Lee was endeavoring to escape Federal capture, but this tender was de clined. After the close of hostilities he helped to re-organize the First Alabama regiment, now a unit of the Alabama national guard, and was for nine years its colonel; was breveted general by the governor of Alabama in recognition of his work in connection with the militia. He was prior to the war an old time Whig, but later affiliated with the Democrats; a Uni tarian; Mason; member of the Strikers society. Married: December 23, 1858, in Mobile, to Mary Anna, daughter of Col. Charles T. and Emily Joyce (Sims) Ketchum of that city; grand daughter of Benjamin and Priscilla (Meade) Sims of Augusta, Ga.; great-granddaughter of Col. William and Martha (Cowles) Meade, an officer in the French, Indian and Revolutionary wars. Children: 1. Franklin Kilshaw, m. Mary McHenry of Cincinnati, 0., resides in Brook- line, Mass.; 2. Emily Sims, (Daisy), m. Alfred Augustus Clisby of Birmingham. Last resi dence: Mobile. IRWIN, WILLIAM, public official, was born in Georgia, and died in 1849; brother of Col. Alexander Irwin, of Irwin's Cross Roads, Ga.; and uncle of Reason Whitehead Irwin (q. v.). He was of Irish ancestry, and was descended from one of three brothers who emigrated from Ireland at an early day and settled in Virginia. He moved to Alabama in 1819, and settled on a plantation in Henry County, near Franklin, and became owner of vast tracts of land. He was elected to the State senate in 1825, and continued to serve in that body as a member from Henry and one or two of the adjoining counties for twelve years. During the Creek War in 1836-1837, he commanded the militia of the state with the rank of major-general, and had an active part in subduing the Indians in Barbour County. When the town of Eufaula was first incorporated in 1837, it was called Irwinton in his honor. Gen. Irwin was drowned in the Chattahoochee River in 1849, between Columbus and Eufaula, by jumping from the burning steamer "Ham Smith." Last residence: Henry County. ISAACS, CAPTAIN OF TOURCOULA, Coos ada Chief. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. ISAACS, WALTER GILBERT, Methodist minister, chaplain U. S. Navy, and a member of the Alabama conference, M. E. church, South, was born in Warrington, Escambia County, Fla., August 25, 1862; son of William and Katharine (Adams) Isaacs, natives respectively of Richmond, Va., and Washington, D. C. He received his early education in the public schools of New Orleans; attended the South ern university at Greensboro, 1877-78; and graduated from Vanderbilt university, B. Ph., 1878. He joined the Alabama conference in 1881, served in various stations, and since 1888 has been a chaplain in the U. S. navy. He is a Democrat. He is unmarried. Residence (Ad dress) : U. S. Navy Yard, New York. ISBELL, D., lawyer; living in 1913. Resi dence: Guntersville. ISBELL, JAMES, merchant and banker, was born September 12, 1806, at the country home of his parents in Wilkes County, N. C, and died December 6, 1871, at Talladega; son of Thomas and Discretion (Howard) Isbell, the former a native also of Wilkes County, and a soldier in the Revolutionary War; great-grand son of Henry Sater, who built and presented to the congregation the first Baptist church in the state of Maryland, and is buried in that church yard, near Baltimore. He received his education in the public schools of his native county and located in Lowndesboro, in 1831 where he embarked in the mercantile business; removed to Talladega in 1836, and later in life added banking to his business activities, hav ing founded the banking house of Isbell and son, Talladega, and the City national bank of Selma of which he was president at the time of his death. He gave assistance to all the public enterprises of his community, includ ing educational institutions, religious organi zations, and material movements, such as rail road building that affected the prosperity of his section. He was a Democrat and a Presby terian. Married: in 1833, in Knoxville, Knox County, Tenn., to Rutelia, daughter of Robert and Margaret Houston of that place. Chil dren: 1. Robert Houston, president Talladega real estate and loan association, graduate Kentucky military institute, and from the law department of Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn., captain Co. D. First Alabama C. S. Army, banker in partnership with his father and con nected with the City national bank, director in Anniston and Atlantic railway co., treasurer Talladega and Coosa Valley railroad company; an Odd Fellow, d. 1892; 2. Thomas Livingston (q. v.) m. Mattie Norris, Talladega; 3. Mar garet Discretion, m. Joseph Hordie, Los Ange les, Cal.; 4. Frances Amelia, m. William H. Boynton; 5. Mary Alice, m. N. P. Armstrong. Last residence: Talladega. ISBELL, THOMAS LIVINGSTON, farmer, was bom in 1837 in Talladega County; son of James and Rutelia (Houston) Isbell (q. v.); DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 887 was reared on the farm and attended the neighborhood schools; was employed first in his father's store, later was associated with him in the Isbell bank, but on account of bad health removed to the old farm where he was reared and has since devoted himself to pro gressive agriculture. He enlisted in 1862, in a company commanded by his brother, Robert Is bell, in the First Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; was captured at Port Hudson during the forty -nine days' fight; after receiving his parole his regiment was re-organized, and he was placed on detached duty at Selma. He is a Presbyterian; and a Mason. Married: in 1883, at Selma, to Mattie J., daughter of James and Sarah (Moss) Norris, the former a promi nent merchant and banker at that place. Chil dren: 1. Thomas H. 2. Mossie; 3. Rutelia H. Residence: Talladega. IVES, SAMUEL SPENCER, farmer and colo nel C. S. Army, was born August 15, 1835, at Masonville, now Center Star, Lauderdale County; son of Amos Quincey and Mary (Jack son) Ives, the former a native of Vermont, who in early life came to Alabama, the latter a daughter of John Jackson and his wife, who were residents of west Tennessee. He was edu cated in the common schools of Lauderdale County; became a farmer; on the outbreak of hostilities in 1861 he became a lieutenant in Co. I, Ninth Alabama infantry regiment; went with his regiment to Virginia; in June, 1861, was ordered back to Alabama on recruiting service; later appointed captain of Co. A, 35th Alabama infantry regiment; promoted colonel; and was twice wounded at Baton Rouge and Franklin. After the war, resumed the life of a farmer; was sheriff of Lauderdale County, 1880-1884; U. S. marshall during Cleveland's first administration; and was in the civil serv ice on Muscle Shoals canal for twenty-two years. He is a Methodist; a Mason, and a Knight of the Maccabees. Married: (1) in 1858, to Amanda Mitchell, who died in 1868; and (2) to Mary Lucile. the daughter of Enoch Reilly and Louisa (Chisholm) Kennedy, of Green Hill, the former a planter and Methodist min ister; granddaughter of David Reilly and' Mary (Spinks) Kennedy; great-granddaughter of John Alexander and Mary (Tandy) Kennedy; great-great-granddaughter of Alexander Ken nedy who emigrated to America from Scotland and settled near Philadelphia. Children: 1. Samuel; 2. Sallie, m. Charles W. Street, resides in Birmingham; 3. Martha Lou, m. Reuben A. Lewis, resides in Birmingham; 4. Mary Ver non, m. Lee E. Kerr, resides in Dallas, Tex.; 5. Emma Frances, m. Arthur W. Robinson, re sides in Memphis, Tenn.; 6. William Kennedy, m. Louise Ralls, resides in Gadsden; 7. John m. Eloise King of Eufaula, resides in Flor ence. Residence: Florence. IVEY, ELIJAH, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Lown des County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on November 4, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $80; sums received to date of publication of list, $200.— Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. IVEY, W. R., Baptist minister, was born Feb ruary 22, 1865, in Dale County. His father was a physician who lived in Dale County until 1877; resided at Spring Hill, near Troy for two years; moved to Orion and practiced his pro fession there until 1882; retired from the prac tice, and moved near Tuskegee, Macon County, settling on a farm; and finally located in Mont gomery. Rev. Ivey attended the schools in Dale County until he was twelve years of age, then entered a neighborhood school at Spring Hill, for several years. He collected for his father until 1882, then became manager of his fath er's farm in Macon County. On February 1, 1886, he entered Howard college to prepare himself for the ministry, continuing his work there until February, 1889, having moved with the college from Marion to Birmingham. On leaving college, he traveled in Alabama visit ing the associations in the interest of missions and education. He was called to take charge of the Scottsboro Baptist church, November 1, 1889, and remained pastor there until January 10, 1891, when he was asked to take charge of Scottsboro college. An option in favor of the Baptists was granted him for five months, and in that time he succeeded in raising a sum of seventy-six hundred dollars to meet the in debtedness on the property. Under his super vision the school was enlarged materially. Resi dence: Scottsboro. JACK, EDWIN SPENCER, lawyer, was born February 20, 1869, near Tuscaloosa; son of James M. and Mary Henley (Spencer) Jack (q. v.). He received his early education at Havana, and in the University high school at Tuscaloosa, and was graduated from Southern university at Greensboro, A. B., June. 1889. He read law in Greensboro and was admitted to the bar in 1892. He began to practice in Greensboro immediately; was appointed tax assessor of Hale County to succeed his father, May 20, 1897; was elected to th.s same office in 1900, 1904, 1908, and 1912; and became asso ciated in the practice of law with Robert B. Evins, in 1911, under the firm name of Evins & Jack. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: April 24, 1900, in Greensboro, to Mary Ellerbe Cobbs, daughter of Richard Hooker and Fannie (Avery) Cobbs, who lived at that place; granddaughter of Bishop Nicholas Hamner Cobbs (q. v.), and of Rev. John Avery, an Episcopal clergyman. The Cobbs were from Virginia, and the Averys from South Carolina. JACK, JAMES, planter, was born May 7, 1800, in Elbert County, Ga., and died DecemDer 27, 1875, at Havana, Hale County; son of Pat rick and Harriet (Spencer) Jack, of Georgia, the former of whom was born in North Caro lina, September 7, 1769, and served during the War of 1812, being appointed lieutenant colonel of the Eighth Georgia infantry, April 2, 1812, promoted to the rank of colonel, July 6, 1812 was honorably discharged June 15, 1815, and died January 25, 1821; grandson of James and 888 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Margaret (Houston) Jack, who were married November 20, 1766, and settled in October, 1768, at the headwaters of the Catawba River, in North Carolina, remaining there until Aug ust, 1772, when they moved to Mecklenburg County, settling in Charlotte, February, 1773; the former a native of Pennsylvania, born in 1739, who moved to North Carolina with his father's family after reaching years of matur ity, and became owner of much landed prop erty in the vicinity of Charlotte, who had an active part in the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence, May, 1775, and rode as express messenger from Charlotte to Philadelphia in June of that year to make known to the Con tinental congress the action of the people of Mecklenburg, who served in the Revolutionary War from the commencement to the close, be ing captain of a company of troops which he raised and led on Rutherford's Cherokee cam paign in 1776, was with the troops who op posed Cornwallis when he entered Charlotte in September, 1781, led his company in Gen. Polk's brigade in April, 1781, joining Gen. Greene at Rugely's Mills, at the close of the war was left poor, having advanced all he pos sessed in the great struggle, moved to Georgia in 1783, settling in Wilkes County, later Elbert County, where he engaged in farming and re mained until his death, December 18, 1822, his claims on the state of North Carolina for Revo lutionary services and expenditures amounting to more than seventy-six hundred pounds in currency at the time of his death; great-grand son of Patrick Jack, who came with several brothers from Ireland about 1730, and settled in Pennsylvania, moving to North Carolina in 1760, where he located first in Bowan County, who was conducting an inn in Charlotte, Meck lenburg County, at the time of the Revolution, sent his four sons to the Revolutionary Army, and died from ill-usage at the hands of the British before independence was acknowl edged. Mr. Jack was a farmer, who came to Ala bama in 1824, and settled in Jefferson County; lived there for two years; and moved in 1826 to Hale County, where he continued farming until his death. He was a Whig, opposed to secession, and was a Methodist. Married: (1) to Ann Gray, of Georgia, who was born Janu ary 2, 1803, and died April 16, 1838, daughter of Hezekiah and Frances Callier (Scott) Gray; (2) to Mary Julia Witherspoon, daughter of Samuel W. and Grace (McClellan) Wither spoon, of Tennessee, and aunt of Samuel With erspoon, formerly congressman from Missis sippi. Children: 1. Edward, deceased, married and moved to Mississippi; 2. James M. (q. v.); 3. Hezekiah, unmarried, killed in War of Se cession; 4. Patrick, deceased, unmarried; 5. Harriet, deceased, m. J. T. B. Cocke, last resi dence, Mississippi; 6. Samuel, deceased, m. Delia Miller; 7. John H, m. (1) Lena Stickney, (2) Susie Edwards, resides in Greensboro; 8. Grace, m. W. C. Christian, resides in Greens boro; 9. Julia m. A. C. Christian, resides in Corsicana, Tex.; 10. Evie, m. J. S. Calicut, re sides at Corsicana, Tex.; 11. Lillie, m. Mr. Ran some, resides at Corsicana, Tex.; 12. William Spencer, m. Annie Stollenwerck, resides in Stewart; 13. Charles Elbert, planter, unmar ried, resides in Havana, Hale County; 14. Thomas Howard, A. B., Southern university, 1880, lawyer at Blooming Grove, Tex., m. in 1888, in Chambers County, to Sallie Buckalew. Last residence: Havana. JACK, JAMES M., planter, was born April 11, 1828, in Greene County, and died May 22, 1897, at Greensboro; son of James and Ann (Gray) Jack (q. v.). He was reared in Hale County and educated at the Green Springs school under Prof. Henry Tutwiler. He left school when he was twenty-one years of age and began to farm, continuing that pursuit un til 1884. He was elected to the State legisla ture from Hale County in 1876, and served one term. He was elected tax assessor of Hale County in 1884 and held the position until May 20, 1897. He moved to Greensboro in 1889. He entered the C. S. Army in 1861, as a private in Co. D, Fifth Alabama infantry, and lost his right leg at Malvern Hill. He was discharged, returned home, and served as captain of the home guards. He was a Methodist Episcopal ian. Married: in 1867 at Tuscaloosa, to Mary Spencer of Tuscaloosa County, daughter of James Campbell and Martha Ann Houston (Potts) Spencer, the former a member of the State legislature from Tuscaloosa County at the time of his death in 1861. Children: 1. Edwin Spencer (q. v.) ; 2. Houston Campbell, a graduate of Southern university, resides in Oklahoma; 3. Annie Gray, m. James Penning ton Borden, resides in Greensboro; 4. James Patrick, m. Bessie Cundiff, resides at Chris- tianburg, Va.; 5. Theodore Henley, m. Alice Ashley. Last residence: Greensboro. JACK, THEODORE HENLEY, teacher, was born December 30, 1881, at Greensboro; son of Capt. James M. and Mary Henley (Spencer) Jack, (q. v.). Dr. Jack received the degrees of A. B., 1902, and A. M., 1903, University of Alabama; A. M., Harvard university, 1908; and Ph. D., University of Chicago, 1915. He has taught at the University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn.; Tulane university, New Orleans; Har vard university; returned to Alabama in 1909 to accept the position of alumni professor of history, Southern university at Greensboro, and is now professor of history at Emory univer sity, Atlanta, Ga, Married: Alice Searcy, daughter of Charles Rush and Ella (Wyman) Ashley; and the granddaughter of Felix L. Ash ley (q. v.) and of Dr. Wm. Stokes Wyman (q. v.). Children: 1. Melissa Dearing; 2. Mary Spencer. Residence: Emory university, At lanta, Ga. JACKSON, CHARLES P., clerk of the Rail road commission, 1888 . Residence: Bir mingham. JACKSON, CRAWFORD MOTLEY, lawyer and planter, was born about 1820, in Autauga County, and died February 27, 1860, near Coo sada; son of James and Temperance (Motley) Jackson (q. v.). He attended the University of Alabama, 1831-32; was a lawyer in Mont gomery and a planter in Autauga County. In DR. DYER F. TALLEY DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 891 the Creek War of 1836, he held the rank of general. He represented Autauga County in the State legislature of 1843, 1845, 1847, 1855, and 1857, being speaker of the house during the latter year. He was a Democrat. Author: "Brief biographical sketch of Col. A. J. Pick ett," 1859; and several addresses. He was un married. Last residence: Coosada. JACKSON, EMMETT CARSON, farmer, was born July 31, 1843, near Independence, Autauga County; son of Jeremiah and Mary Ann (Car son) Jackson, the former a South Carolinian, who moved to Georgia and later to Alabama, settling first in Autauga County and then in Macon County; grandson of Walter and Mary Chancey (Clark) Jackson, of South Carolina, the former a soldier in the Revolutionary Army, and of William Carson, who came from Ireland, to South Carolina, and later moved to Alabama. He was educated in the country schools of Autauga and Macon Counties, and began farm ing in 1867. He served in the State legislature as an Alliance Democrat, 1890-1891; as a Jef fersonian Democrat, 1892-1893; as a Populist, 1894-1895; and as a Democrat, 1911-1915; has served as county commissioner, 1904-1908; and was a member of the constitutional convention of 1901. During the War of Secession, he was a sergeant in Co. H, First Alabama regiment. He is a Baptist. Married: November 20, 1866, near Auburn, to Barbara Fudge Frazer, daugh ter of Alexander and Catherine (Zellars) Frazer, who lived near Auburn; granddaughter of John and Mildred (Bond) Frazer, of Scotch descent, and of Jacob and Barbara (Fudge) Zellars, of German descent. Children: 1. Wil liam Carson, m. Annie Rebecca Reese; 2. Jer emiah; 3. John Alexander, m. Annie E. Greene; 4. Emmett Francis, m. Gertrude Peter son; 5. James Baxter, m. Hannah Jane Col- well; 6. Mell Frazer, m. Lillian Estelle Smith; 7. George Wallace,' m. Virginia Lorene Mc Millan; 8. Mary Catherine. Residence: Ope lika. JACKSON, FRANCIS S., lawyer, was elected solicitor of the eighth circuit in 1838. He re signed shortly after the election of his brother- in-law, Gen. John P. Booth, as judge of the same circuit, and, in a few years, settled in Montgomery. In 1850 he opposed Judge Goldthwaite for the circuit court bench and was beaten. He represented Montgomery County in the State legislature, 1851. In 1852 he opposed Gov. John G. Shorter, who held the executive appointment for circuit judge, and was again beaten. He was a Democrat without the Southern Rights features. He re moved to Pensacola, Fla., and shortly after wards died of yellow fever. Last residence; Pensacola, Fla. JACKSON, HENRY MELVILLE, first Protes tant Episcopal coadjutor bishop, diocese of Ala bama, was born July 28, 1848, in Leesburg, Va,., and died May 4, 1900, at his home, "Roseland near Eufaula; son of Dr. Samuel K. and Anna (Calvert) Jackson who lived in Norfolk, Va., the former a practicing physician at that place who was born in Winchester, Va.; grandson of Vol. m— 57 Rev. J. E. Jackson, rector of the Episcopal church in Winchester, Va., and a native of Eng land, and of , George Calvert, of Fauquier County, Va. He was educated at the Virginia military institute, and at the Virginia theo logical seminary, where he was graduated in 1873. Almost immediately after his graduation, he took charge of his first parish in Montgom ery County, Va. He was ordained deacon in that year and priest in 1874. In October, 1875, he took charge of the parish at Greenville, S. O, and remained in that place until October of the next year. He became rector of Grace church, Richmond, Va., in succession to the celebrated Dr. Kinloch Nelson, and remained there until his elevation to the episcopate. While in Richmond, he was for a time editor of the "Southern Pulpit," afterwards merged into the "Pulpit Treasury." He received the degree of doctor of divinity from Randolph Macon college in 1885, and from the Univer sity of the South in 1891. He was consecrated bishop in St. Paul's church, Selma, January 21, 1891, by Bishop Wilmer, becoming the first co adjutor bishop of the diocese of Alabama. Mar ried: (1) in 1874, to Miss Lloyd, daughter of John J. Lloyd, of Mt. Ida, Va.; (2) to Miss Pace, daughter of James B. Pace, of Richmond, Va.; (3) to Carrie Toney, of Eufaula. Last residence: "Roseland," near Eufaula. JACKSON, JAMES, sr., pioneer settler and ' planter, member State legislature, was born October 25, 1782, at Ballabay, County Monoghan, Ireland, and died August 17, 1840, at "The Forks," Florence, Lauderdale County; son of James and Mary (Steele) Jackson, of Lisnaboe, County Meath, Ireland; grandson of Hugh and Elinor (Gault) Jackson, of Carrickmacross. He was educated in Ireland and was a civil engineer. He immigrated in 1799, and settled in Philadelphia; in 1801, he followed relatives to Nashville, Tenn., and engaged in surveying. An old map of Nashville, 1807, shows his two story house, with nineteen others, they com posing the "residential district" of Nashville of that day. In 1814, at the land sale, he be came one of the Cypress Creek land company, bought extensive tracts of land in Lauderdale County, and was one of the founders of Flor ence. He acquired a large plantation, at the forks of big and little Cypress Creeks, from the Indian Chief, Double Head, whom he per mitted to still occupy his wigwam. This In dian home was only a short distance from the large house he proceeded to build, and which is standing today. He engaged in surveying, planting and breeding fine stock. He assisted in building Florence, with counsel and purse, and donated to the Methodist, Presbyterian and Episcopal churches, sites for their buildings; he also gave the site of the Presbyterian synodi- cal college for young women. He represented Lauderdale County in the legislature, 1822, and was president of the senate, 1830. He was notable for his firmness of character and more so for his gentleness and charity. The large number of slaves formed a happy family. For many years he was an intimate friend of President Andrew Jackson. He was a Whig; and a Presbyterian. Married: December 28, 892 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 1810, at Columbia, Tenn., to Mrs. Sarah Moore McCoUough, daughter of George and Elizabeth (Walters) Moore, of Wilmington, N. C; a lineal descendant of Governor James Moore, royal governor of the Carolinas, and his wife, Anne Yeamans, daughter of Sir John Yea mans, founder of Clarendon Colony, N. C, and S. C, and founder of Charleston, S. C. Chil dren: 1. Andrew Jackson, m. (1) Thirmuthes Hogan, (2) Jane Thomas; 2. Mary Steele, m. James Kirkman; 3. Martha, m. (1) Robert An drews, (2) William H. Mitchell (q. v.); 4. Sarah Moore, m. Rufus King Polk; 5. Ellen, m. Abram D. Hunt; 6. James, m. Elizabeth Perkins (q. v.) ; 7. William Moore, m. Thir muthes McKiernan, (q. v.) ; 8. Alex, m. Dar- thula Baxter; 9. G. Moore, m. Sarah Cabell Perkins; 10. Jane. Last residence: "The Forks," Florence. JACKSON, JAMES, jr., planter, probate judge, lieutenant-colonel, C. S. Army, was born April 21, 1822, at Nashville, Tenn., and died August 14, 1879, at Florence; son of James, sr., and Sarah (Moore-McCollough) Jackson (q. v.); brother of William Moore Jackson (q. v.). He was educated in private schools of Nash ville and Florence, engaged in extensive plant ing, built a large plantation residence, nine miles from Florence, which he called "The Sinks" where he lived and died. He enlisted in the Confederate service, April, 1861, 4th Ala bama infantry regiment, was wounded in the battle of Manassas, on recovery organized the 27th Alabama infantry regiment and was . elected lieutenant-colonel; was captured with the regiment at Ft. Donelson, held prisoner seven months; was exchanged; and was with his regiment in the siege of Jackson, Miss.; participated in the Georgia campaign; lost an arm at Kenesaw Mountain; later was with Hood at Nashville; assigned to Joseph E. Johnston's army and commanded a brigade under Gen. Loving, at the battle of Benton- ville, N. C, 1865, when Johnston surrendered. He returned to his home and resumed planting operations, and was chosen probate judge of Lauderdale County. He was an old line Whig, a "Know-Nothing," after 1865, a Democrat. Married: October 3, 1850, at Florence, to Eliza beth Perkins, daughter of William O'Neal and Rebecca (Meredith) Perkins, of Lauderdale County. Children: 1. William, m. Sarah Weak ley; 2. Jane; 3. Mary Steele; 4. Sallie Moore; 5. Eleanora Kirkman, m. William H. Phillips; 6. James Kirkman, m. Helen Gunter, of Mont gomery (q. v.) ; 7. Charles Pollard, m. Eliza S. Tatum; 8. Robert Andrews; '9. Elizabeth Perk ins. Last residence: "The Sinks," Florence. JACKSON, JAMES KIRKMAN, business man, was born April 7, 1862, at Florence; son of James and Elizabeth (Perkins) Jackson, of Florence, the former who was colonel of the Twenty-seventh Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of William O. and Po cahontas Boiling (Meredith) Perkins, of Lauderdale County; great grandson of Elisha and Sarah Boiling (Cabell) Meredith of Prince William County, Va., the latter whose grand father was a colonel in the Revolutionary Army; and a descendant of James and Sarah (Moore) Jackson, the former a native of Bal- labay, County Monaghan, Ireland, and one of the pioneers and founders of Florence, the lat ter a lineal descendant of Sir John Yeamans and James Moore, colonial governors of Carolina. Mr. Jackson received his early schooling under a private tutor at Florence, and attended the State normal school, at that place. He was admitted to the bar, but never engaged in the practice of law. In 1883, he was appointed clerk of the Alabama railroad commission, and held that position for four years; served as private secretary to Gov. Thomas Seay, 1887- 1890; to Gov. Thomas G. Jones, 1890-1894; and to Gov. Jelks, 1902-1907, serving the last three months of that time under Gov. Comer; was elected secretary of state, 1894-1898. He is a Democrat and an Episcopalian. Married: Feb ruary 21, 1900, at Montgomery, to Helen Gunter daughter of William A. and Helen (Poelnitz) Gunter, of Marengo County. Children: 1. James Kirkman, jr.; 2. Helen. Residence: Birmingham. JACKSON, JAMES MONROE, physician, was born April 12, 1826, at Culleoka, Maury County, Tenn., and died December 20, 1914, at Gunters ville; son of Harbert and Martha (Gill) Jack son, natives respectively of Maury County, Tenn., and of Botetourt County, Va., a farmer, and died in 1845; grandson of Mark Jackson, a native of Georgia, captain in the War of the Revolution, who lived to be a hundred, dying in 1828. He was of Scotch-Irish descent. Dr. Jackson was reared on a farm. His early education was acquired in the neighborhood schools of the section, and he graduated at Jack son college, Columbia, Tenn., 1844, with the degree of A. M. In 1845, he removed to Somer ville, Morgan County, and studied medicine under Dr. William G. Gill. Subsequently he attended the University of Kentucky, at Louis ville, and later the Medical college of South Carolina, at Charleston, from which he gradu ated in 1848, with the degree of M. D., standing at the head of his class. He returned to Somer ville, where he practiced his profession until 1856, at which time he removed to Gunters ville, where he remained to the close of his successful career as a physician, dying at the advanced age of eighty nine. He retired from the practice about ten years before his death, but retained an alert interest in all that per tained to the advancement of the science of medicine to the end. At the beginning of the War of Secession, he enlisted in a company of infantry organized at Guntersville by Capt. Isaac Henry; was sent to Clarksville, Tenn., where he organized the Stuart college hospital of which he was house surgeon. He was at the battle of Fort Donelson and there surrendered to the enemy and was sent to Camp Chase and thence to Johnson's Island where he was chief surgeon of the Confederate hospital, serving the Federal soldiers also. After his release, June, 1862, he went to Richmond, Va., and was present at the battle of Cedar Run. He was surgeon at the post, Jackson, Miss., and had charge of the wounded from the battlefield of Perryville, Ky. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 893 Later he was sent to Port Hudson, La. He was appointed surgeon of the 49th Tennessee in fantry regiment; was present at the seige of Vicksburg; transferred to Chickamauga and participated in that great battle as also In the battles of Atlanta, Peachtree Creek and Frank lin, Tenn. At this place being left with the wounded he organized the McNutt hospital of which he had charge until 1865. He was sent by the Federals to the penitentiary at Nashville, Tenn., and from there to the military prison at Camp Morton, Ind. There he was held, with three other surgeons, as hostage, for four Fed eral surgeons who were missing at the battle of Franklin. It was afterward ascertained that these four surgeons had deserted the Federal army or had gone to their homes. He remained in prison until the surrender at Appomattox and President Lincoln issued his proclamation. After his release he returned to Somerville, where his children then were, and later re sumed his practice at Guntersville. He was a Democrat; Presbyterian; and Mason. Married: November, 1850, at Somerville, Eliza, daughter of Dr. John and Martha (Berry) Wilkinson of that place, but natives of Augusta, Ga. Mrs. Jackson lived only six years after her marriage, leaving an infant which followed her to the grave, and two older children. Her husband never married again. Children: 1. James Lew- ellyn, m. Annie Steger, at Marysville, resides at Guntersville; 2. Alice, m. Robert B. McKin ney, resides in Iuka, Miss.; 3. Mattie, d. in in fancy. Last residence: Guntersville. JACKSON, JEFFERSON FRANKLIN, law yer, was born November 23, 1821, near Clayton, Barbour County, at that time a part of Pike County, and died in Montgomery March 27, 1862; son of Jacnith and Prudence (Alum) Jackson, natives of Georgia, who removed to Alabama and lived first near Clayton, and later in Sumter County; grandson of Randall Jack son who lived in Georgia and Louisiana and who died in Sumter County, at the age of sev enty-six, his wife living to be ninety-seven. He was educated in the country schools near Irv- ington, later attending the Irvington literary institute, where he was assistant teacher as well as pupil. In June, 1839, he was awarded the "quarterly prize," as the reward for close application to his studies and exceptional con duct. During 1840 he taught school in Sumter County. Quoting from his diary, dated Bridge port, Conn., June 21, 1841: "I left home May 21st, and all that I hold dear on earth, and with my almost broken heart, set out for Con necticut to acquire a thorough collegiate and accomplished education; I being convinced of the importance of such a course, had labored about two years incessantly in a thousand ways, before I could get the consent of my parents, friends, and the wherewith to leave home. Became a member immediately of Rev. Henry Jones' boarding school." Here he pre pared himself for Yale college, which he en tered in 1842. In 1846 Yale conferred upon him an A. B. degree, and during 1846 and 1847, he was a student in the Cambridge law school. In the latter year he was admitted to the prac tice in Montgomery. He served as U. S. dis trict attorney for the northern and middle dis tricts of Alabama under the administration of Presidents Zachary Taylor and Millard Fill more. Gov. Reuben Chapman appointed him agent to investigate and settle the account re lating to the five per cent fund between the United States and Alabama. He proceeded to Washington and on January 2, 1850, Gov. H. W. Collier in his message to the legislature on "The Five per cent Fund" speaks of his work as the State's representative in the following terms: "The services of Mr. Jackson have been eminently beneficial to the State, in causing a revision of an old and complicated account, and inducing the recognition of the right of the State to a large sum of money. But for the industry and perseverance of himself, or some other agent equally astute and untiring the errors he discovered might have never been brought to light." He recovered $104,729.66 for Alabama. On April 21, 1856, he was admitted as an attorney and counselor of the U. S. court of claims, at Washington. He was a Whig; a Presbyterian, and a member of Alpha Delta Phi college fraternity at Yale. Married: Feb ruary 2, 1848, in Boston, to Eleanor Clark, daughter of Daniel and Eleanor (Clark) Noyes of that place. The former was the son of Lieut. Ephraim and Sarah (Dike) Noyes who married in 1779 at Bridgewater, Mass., and graduated at Yale college in 1812. He was descended from Norman-English ancestry, the name first appearing as James, Crusader, Knight of the Battle of Hastings; William Noyes, was the at torney general of Charles I; William, a clergy man of the diocese of Salsbury was the father of two sons, James and Nicholas, both gradu ates of Oxford, who came to America in 1685, and built a home at Newbury, Mass., which is still in the family. Daniel Noyes was the great-grandson of James, hence his daughter was the great-great-granddaughter of James Noyes. Eleanor Clark was of English ancestry, the family coming originally to America from Dorchester, the daughter of" Richard Clark and wife, who was a Miss Hayden, and grand-daugh ter of Col. Josiah Hayden the former of whom was a Revolutionary soldier, from Dorchester, Mass., who after the cessation of hostilities re moved to Maine, where he took up lands with General Knox, settling there. Children: 1. Charles Whiting, m. Sallie Lillian Hart, of Eu faula, two children; 2. Franklin Winston, died Nov. 21, 1914; 3. William Noyes, m. Lucie E. Marks, daughter of Dr. Benjamin Rush Jones (q. v.) ; 4. Ellen Madeline, died November 4, 1904. Last residence: Montgomery. JACKSON, J. F. B., railroad contractor, leg islator and colonel, C. S. Army, was born January 31, 1832, in Franklin County, Ga., and died in Birmingham, at an advanced age; son of William and Lucy (Morris) Jackson, both natives of Georgia; brother of Eppy W., cap tain in the 11th Georgia infantry regiment, at Second Manassas; of Benjamin F., sergeant in the 4th Georgia cavalry, at Chickamauga; of John M., major of the 43rd Georgia infantry regiment, at Jonesboro; and of Thomas A., cap tain in a Georgia regiment who died in 1865, from the effects of wounds received in battle. 894 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY He began his business career at the age of eighteen years, and in 1861, was a lieutenant of the "Dalton Guards," Dalton, Ga. He entered the Confederate service with this company in the spring of 1861, and was promoted lieuten ant-colonel on the organization of the 39th Geor gia regiment which was sent to Virginia and participated in the mountain campaign under Gen. R. E. Lee. Later his regiment was in East Tennessee and the Kentucky campaign under Gen. E. Kirby Smith, and in 1862-63, was sent to Mississippi as part of Cuming's brigade of Stevenson's division, for the defense of Vicks burg. He was appointed colonel and partici pated in the battles of Laurel Hill, Locust Lane and Sewell Mountain, W. Va., Tazewell, Tenn., Richmond, Ky., Chickasaw, Bayou and Baker's Creek, Miss. Subsequently he took part in all of the battles of the campaign under Gen. J. E. Johnston, including Rocky-Face Mountain, Resaca, New Hope Church, Kenesaw Mountain and Peachtree Creek. He received three wounds, the last incapacitating him for military service. After the war he represented his county in the first constitutional convention of Georgia. His chief occupation for a number of years was railroad contracting which brought him to Birmingham in 1871, as the constructor of over one hundred miles of the Louisville and Nashville railroad through Alabama, and was later superintendent of roads of Jefferson County. He was a member of W. K. Hardee camp, United Confederate veterans. Married: (1) in 1859, to Matilda C. Morris; (2) in 1867, to Sallie Hoke, of Greenville, S. C. Last resi dence: Birmingham. JACKSON, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 82, and a resident Of Jackson County; private S. C. Continental Line; en rolled on November 19, 1819, under act of Con gress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from September 21, 1818; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $1,243.47; transferred from Lincoln County, Tenn., from March 4, 1816. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. JACKSON, WALTER CLARK, physician, was born July 14, 1827, at "Ellerslie," home of his grandfather, Boiling Hall, in Autauga, now El more County, and died September 22, 1906, in Montgomery; son of Absolom and Emily (Hall) Jackson, the former a large planter; grandson of James and Temperance (Motley) Jackson (q. v.) ; and of Boiling Hall (q. v.). Dr. Jack son received his early education in the private schools of Elmore County, and the school of S S. Bernan, at Sparta, Ga. In 1844-48, he was a student in the University of Alabama; and in 1852, was graduated with the degree of M D., from the medical department of the Uni versity of Pennsylvania. He at once entered upon the practice of his profession in Mont gomery, where he continued throughout a long business life of fifty years. He was an alderman of Montgomery, twice city physician, and health officer of Montgomery County. Dur ing the War of Secession, Dr. Jackson and other physicians of Montgomery attended sick and wounded soldiers in hospitals in the city. Twice he went to attend wounded Confederates elsewhere, in Richmond and in Northern Georgia. For thirty years, 1868-98, he was treasurer of the medical association of the State of Alabama, and was grand senior life coun selor of the association; president, Medical and surgical society of Montgomery County. He was a Democrat; a Mason; and a charter mem ber of the Knights of Honor. Author: paper, "The Hypodermic use of atropia in hemorrhagic malarial fever" in Transactions of the medical association of Alabama, 1880; a report of suc cessful treatment of a case of virulent poison ing from arsenic, published first in an American medical journal and later republished in the London Lancet about 1856-60; and other con tributions of the literature of his profession. Married: December 5, 1855, in Montgomery, to Frances Elvira Bibb, widow of Chancellor Joseph Saffold (q. v.), and daughter of Rev. Peyton Bibb (q. v.). Children: 1. Fannie, m. John Whiting Brown, Montgomery; 2. Lizzie, m. Alston Harris Pickett, son of Col. Albert James Pickett (q. v.) ; 3. Carrie Coleman, of Montgomery; 4. Hattie Emma, m. Charles Werner Joseph; 5. William Lee; 6. Hillie Nanette, m. George Jordan Scovel; 7. Leila, died in infancy; 8. Sophie Lee, m. Dr. Shep- pard Walter Foster (q. v.). Last residence: Montgomery. JACKSON, WILLIAM MOORE, planter and public official, was born June 19, 1824, in Lauderdale County, and died December 21, 1899, at Florence; son of James and Sarah (Moore-McCollough) Jackson, of "The Forks," Florence; brother of James Jackson, jr., (q. v.). He was educated by private tutors; entered the University of North Carolina; studied law at the Transylvania university, Ky.; but engaged more extensively in cotton planting than in the practice of his profession. He acquired large tracts of land both in Alabama and Arkansas and during the latter part of the War of Seces sion, he caused to be burned three hundred bales of cotton, in Arkansas, to prevent it fall ing into the Federal hands. In 1857, he repre sented Colbert County in the legislature; in the senate, 1859-65, when the U. S. military forces took charge of the administration of affairs in Alabama. Later he was a notary public in Lauderdale. He was a Democrat, a member of the convention that seceded from the Union and voted for secession. His plantation home was alternately headquarters for Confederate and Federal officers. A division of Gen. Hood's army was encamped on his plantation, at one time, while Generals Stephen D. Lee, Frank Cheatham and A. T. Stewart were guests at his house. Married: June 16, 1846, to Thermis Waters, daughter of Bernard and Marianne (Waters) McKiernan, of Hagerstown, Md. Children: 1. Sarah M., m. O. H. Bynum; 2. Mary M., m. Edward Winston; 3. James, m. Althea Wardlaw; 4. Thomas Hunt, m. Rebecca McKay; 5. Bernard M.; 6. Susannah M., m. John Harris. Last residence: Florence. JACKSON, WILLIAM RICHARD, physician, was born June 16, 1864, at Chireno, Nacog- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 895 doches County, Tex.; son of William Daniel and Mary Adelia (Brown) Jackson, wfco lived at Chireno, Tex., the former a native of Conecuh County, who served in the C. S. Army as cav alryman under Gen. Crump in the trans-Missis sippi department during the four years of the War of Secession; grandson of W. E. and Martha Jackson, who lived in South Carolina, and of Robert Owen and Nancy W. (Crouch) Brown, who lived in Natches, Miss. His great grandfather Jackson came to South Carolina from near York, England, and his great-grand father Crouch came to Tennessee from Holland. He received his early schooling in Texas, at Chireno, at Nacogdoches, and at Woodville; at tended the University of Nacogdoches, 1884- 1885; and received the degree of M. D. from the medical department of the University of Alabama at Mobile, 1888. He studied at the Polyclinic hospital in New York City, 1895 and 1906; at the New York post graduate school, 1895; visited Europe in 1902 and studied surgery, gynecology, and pathology in Berlin, Vienna, and London; and studied in Philadelphia in 1908. He entered upon the practice of medicine in Mobile in 1888, and has continued in that place. He was assistant dem onstrator of anatomy in the medical depart ment of the University of Alabama, 1888-1891; demonstrator of anatomy, 1891-1895; and pro fessor of surgery, 1900-1912. He has been vis iting surgeon of the city hospital and southern infirmary at Mobile, and has been president, secretary and treasurer of the Mobile County medical society. He is a Democrat; a Metho dist, serving as a steward in the church for twenty years; is an Odd Fellow; a Knight of Pythias; a Thirty-second degree Mason; and a member of the Scottish Rite and Shriners. Married: July 17, 1889, at Suitman, Miss., to Irene, daughter of Emanuel and Frances (Pot ter) Alvarez, who lived at Mobile. Her father was of Spanish and French origin and her mother was born in North Carolina. Resi dence: Mobile. JACOBS, BEN MOSES, merchant, was born August 21, 1859, at Quincy, 111.; son of Moses and Caroline Jacobs. He was educated in the public schools of Quincy, 111.; entered the mer cantile business; removed to Columbus, Miss., in 1880, and later in the same year to Birming ham where he is now a member of a whole sale and retail furniture, bank and office sup plies company. He is a member of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite Masons. He is married. Residence: Birmingham. JACOBS, BERTRAM, 33rd degree, Honor ary Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite. JAGGERS, JEREMIAH, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 86, and a resident of Mad ison County; private S. C. Continental Line; enrolled on February 14, 1824, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from January 28, 1824; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $730.90. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833- 34. JAMES, FRANK LOWBER, physician, phar macist, editor and inventor, was born August 27, 1841, in Mobile, and died May 19, 1907, in St. Louis, Mo.; son of Thomas Simmons and Laura (Spaulding) James, the former a native of Princess Ann County, Va., who removed to Portsmouth and later to Norfolk and in 1835 to Mobile where he left his impress in the archi tecture of that city; grandson of Frances Abby (Mervin) Spaulding of Middleburg, Vt., who had a plantation and mill on the Chesapeake Bay, suffered many depredations at the hands of the British soldiers during the Revolutionary War and was taken captive by them, im pressed as a seaman and held for eight years. Mr. James was a precocious child, reading understandingly at three, began very early the study of Latin and Greek, and composed a play in French at twelve, which was given at the school commencement; and at sixteen entered the Polytechnique at Carlsruhe, Ger many, to study civil engineering, but soon his passion for chemistry asserted itself, and he went to Munich where he entered the lab oratory of Justus von Liebig, having the good fortune to become a member of this house hold. He later studied medicine in Paris. From the University of Munich he received the degree of Ph. D. After the War of Secession he was engaged with Gen. Folsom on the Trans- Mississippi survey; in the early seventies was associate editor with Gen. Albert Pike and Matt Galloway on the "Memphis Appeal;" for two years he lived with Dr. F. G. McGavock near Shawnee Village, Ark.; and practiced medicine at Oceola, Ark., during 1878-79, at the same time doing archeological work for the Smithsonian institution. He went to St. Louis, Mo., in 1880, and practiced medicine in that city; was professor of chemistry at the St. Louis college of physicians and surgeons; was associate editor of the "St. Louis Medical and Surgical Journal" and editor of "The National Druggist," from 1884 until his death. He was at one time president of the American medical and surgical association; president of the St. Louis societly of microscopists, and of the American microscopical association. He was in Paris when the War of Secession began and conveyed dispatches from the Confederate Com missioners Mason and Slidell to President Jef ferson Davis. He was engaged in the Confed erate secret service, and invented the first tor pedoes used in war, some of which were planted in Mobile Bay and destroyed the Federal gun boats, for which a price was set upon his head by Gen. B. F. Butler of the U. S. army. . He was a Democrat and a Mason. He was the author of "Elementary Microscopical Technology;" and for many years a contributor to medical and scientific journals. Through these articles he gained an international reputation among scientists and microscopists. He . never mar ried. Last residence: St. Louis, Mo. JAMES, J. C.Methodist minister; member of the Alabama conference. Residence: Pratt ville. JAMES, JOSEPH HOPKINS, lawyer, was born December 12, 1881, in Clarke County; son 896 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY of Joseph Hopkins and Fredonia Winnifred (Caller) James, the former a native of Coolruss, County Wicklow, Ireland, who was a merchant at Mobile for some time, and later a Methodist minister; grandson of John and Mary (Hop kins) James, of Ireland, and of James and Jane (Marks) Caller, of Barlow Bend, Clarke County; great-grandson of James and Winni fred (Duke) Caller, the former who received a captain's commission in North Carolina in 1795, moved to Mississippi territory, settling near St. Stephens, 1802, was a colonel in the Creek War, 1812-1814, and was several times a member of the general assembly at St. Stephens and Huntsville; great-great-grandson of James Caller, who was kidnapped in Eng land and brought to America, landing in Vir ginia, and who had two sons in the Revolu tionary Army, and of Green Duke of Warren ton, N. C. Mr. James was educated at schools in different counties in Alabama; was grad uated from Southern university, B. A., 1901; and from the University of Alabama, LL. B., 1906. He entered upon the practice of law at Uniontown, 1906; served as a member of the town council for two terms; and represented Perry County in the State legislature, 1911. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and a member of Kappa Alpha college fraternity. Married: April 3, 1907, at Uniontown, to Lutie Foster, daughter of David William and Lutie (Foster) Pitts, of that place; granddaughter of Phillip Henry and Margaret (Davidson) Pitts, of Uniontown, and of Dr. Robert and Julia (Moore) Foster, of Marion, the latter a sister of Gov. A. B. Moore of Alabama. Chil dren: l. Joseph Hopkins. Residence: Union- town. JAMES, LORENZO, planter and legislator, was born April 19, 1805, in Kershaw District, S. C, and died in September, 1890, at Petos- key, Mich.; son of Samuel and Mary (Darring ton) James, who came from Kershaw District, S. C, to Clarke County, in 1818; grandson of John James. He graduated at Yale college in 1824, and located in Mobile, later removing to Dallas County. In 1828 he removed to that part of Montgomery County which shortly after wards became Lowndes County. He represented that county in the State senate in 1835. Soon afterwards he returned to Clarke County where he became a planter and represented this county in the house, 1841 and 1849, and in the senate in 1851. He was a Methodist. Mar ried: Eliza, daughter of Gen. John and Eliza beth (Coleman) Scott. Children: among these, 1. Laura, m. Samuel B. Marks (q. v.) ; 2. Clementina Rebecca, m. Daniel Cram Cq- v.) ; 3. Emily Virginia, m. Henry C. Semple (q. v.). Last residence: Kentucky. JAMES, WILLIAM JOSEPH, lawyer and leg islator, was bora February 20, 1874, near Rus sellville, Franklin County; son of William An derson and Mary Elizabeth (Pace) James, the former a member of Co. H, 16th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of Wyatt and Matilda (Kirk) Pace, of Russellville, and of Thomas James, a native of South Carolina, who removed to Franklin County, where he be came a large planter and slaveholder; great- grandson of Jesse Kirk, a soldier of the Revo lution. He was educated in the Russellville high school, and the State normal college at Florence, 1894-95; admitted to the bar in Rus sellville 1896; was made County solicitor 1898; chairman county Democratic committee 1898- 1902; commissioner from Alabama to the Loui siana purchase centennial; and was elected in 1902 to the legislature from Franklin County. He is a Democrat; Baptist; Woodman of the World; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: December 4, 1895, to Ada, daughter of Daniel and Rebecca (Stone) Rogers, of Limestone County. Children: 1. Walter Joseph; 2. Grace; 3. William Burnette; 4. Hollis Rogers. Resi dence: Russellville. JAY, ANDREW, Baptist minister, was born February 16, 1820, near Evergreen, Conecuh County, and died July 18, 1883 at Jay Villa; son of David and Margaritt (Brown) Jay, the former of whom came to Alabama from South Carolina, and was one of the earliest emigrants to Conecuh County. The family was first intro duced into America by Augustus Jay who came about 1685 or 1686 from France. He was edu cated in the academy at Evergreen, and at May- field, Tenn. He devoted himself to planting in Conecuh County after leaving school. He served for some time as commissioner of roads and revenue; was appointed tax assessor; and was elected to the State legislature from Cone cuh County in 1853 and in 1855. After the latter service, he retired from public life and was ordained to the Baptist ministry. He con tributed to the establishment of the railroad through Conecuh, gave largely to the endow ment of Howard college, and the Southern Bap tist theological seminary at Louisville, Ky. During the War of Secession, he raised supplies of food and clothing for the Confederate sol diers, seeing to their shipment to the distant encampments, and was made major of a bat talion of militia in 1863. His fortune was wiped out by the war, and after peace was es tablished, he devoted his attention to his farm and to his ministry. He was a Whig. Mar ried: September 23, 1841, near Evergreen, to Elizabeth Ashley, daughter of Wilson and Mary Ann Ashley (q. v.). Children: 1. David, b. January 31, 1845, d. June 25, 1869; 2. Wilson Ashley, d. in 1877, m. Annie B. Howard, who resides in Atlanta, Ga.; 3. Andrew, jr., d. 1903, m. Georgia A. Robson, who resides in Ever-. green; 4. Mary Caroline, m. William Henry Robson, resides at Evergreen. Last residence: Jay Villa. JAY, ANDREW, physician, was born June 28, 1851, at Jay Villa, Conecuh County, and died May 8, 1903, at Evergreen; son of Andrew and Caroline Elizabeth (Ashley) Jay (q. v.). He was educated in the schools and academies of his native county; and was graduated from the medical college at Mobile, 1872. He at once entered upon the practice of medicine, and with the exception of a small farm and drug busi ness, devoted his entire life to his profession. He filled all the offices in the Conecuh County medical society, and was a senior life coun- McQueen smith DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 899 sellor in the Alabama State medical associa tion. He had been coroner of Conecuh County, and represented that county in the State leg islature, 1902. He was a Democrat; Mason; Knight of Pythias; and a Knight of Honor. Married: December 15, 1880, in Brooklyn pre cinct, Conecuh County, to Georgia Aurelia, daughter of Noah and Mary M. Robson, former ly of Georgia. Children: 1. Georgia Lucile; 2. Andrew, jr.; 3. Irma; 4. Carolina Elizabeth; 5. Leonora, deceased; 6. Wilson Ashley. Last residence : Evergreen. JEEMS, VACHEL, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of Lauder dale County; private and sergeant Maryland State Troops; enrolled on May 22, 1824, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $90.27. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. JEFFERS, THOMAS, city official, was born in July, 1838, at Macon, Ga,; son of John E. and Eliza (Rombert) Jeffers, both natives of Georgia, the former of whom was clerk of Bibb County, Ga., for fifteen years. He was edu cated in the common schools of Macon, and after leaving school was apprenticed to the Wilmington machine company, at Wilmington, N. C. After serving an apprenticeship of six years, he became engineer on the Wilmington and Manchester railroad and remained in that position until 1860. He enlisted as a private in the Tenth North Carolina light artillery, C. S. Army, and served with that regiment until in 1863, when he was put on detached service as engineer on the Wilmington and Waldon rail road for the transportation of troops. From that time until some time after the close of the war, he traveled extensively in various posi tions for the government. He was appointed master mechanic of the South and North Ala bama railroad shops in 1871, and shortly after ward was placed in charge of the railroad shops in Birmingham as master mechanic. In 1878 he formed a co-partnership with Jackson and Morris, in the saw-mill and lumber business; was elected mayor of Birmingham in 1878, and was re-elected in 1880. Previous to that time, he had served the city for several terms as a member of the board of aldermen. He inaugu rated the sewerage system of Birmingham; was organizer and one of the incorporators of the First Avenue Street railway company; or ganized the Birmingham gas company; and for several years was superintendent of that company and of the Electric light company. He is a Mason and a member of the Brother hood of Locomotive Engineers. He was mar ried in 1867 and has two children. Residence: Birmingham. JEFFRIES, A. S., member of the constitu tional convention of 1865, from Greene County. JEFFRIES, JOHN M., major, 41st Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. JEFFRIES, L. E., lawyer, general counsel for the Southern railway; formerly a resident of Selma where he practiced his profession. Res idence: Washington, D. C. JELKS, WILLIAM DORSEY, editor, gov ernor of Alabama, president of the Protective life insurance company, was born November 7, 1855, in Warrior Stand, Macon County; son of Joseph William Dorsey and Jane Goodrum (Frazer) Jelks, the former was killed in June, 1862, while a captain in the Third Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of Rob ert and Matilda (Crowell) Jelks, the former a native of Halifax County, N. O, the latter a sis ter of John Crowell (q. v.), the first representa tive in congress of the Alabama territory. His mother was a daughter of Thomas and Martha (Bass) Frazer, who lived at Warrior Stand. On his father's side he was related to the Crom- wells of England, "Crowell" having originally been written "Cromwell." There is a definite history of the omission of the "m" when the Crowells fled to England to avoid the Stuarts. Bereft of his father at the age of six, his early life was spent at Union Springs. He was educated in the common schools of Bul lock County and in 187 3 entered Mercer university, Georgia, from which he was graduated in 1876. Kind relatives loaned him the money for his college course, which he returned in later years, ever holding these friends and kinsmen in sacred memory. He was made an A. M. by Mercer univer sity, and afterwards an LL. D. by the Univer sity of Alabama. The board of trustees of this latter institution at commencement conferred the degree of LL. D. on a number of Alabamians, including Gov. Jelks, but being a member of the board of trustees he declined to accept the degree, directing the secretary of the board not to include hie name. Literary studies while in college came easily first in their attraction for him. In 1876 he returned to Union Springs, where he was engaged by the largest firm in that town to keep its books. He sought thus to pay back the borrowed money which had been furnished him for his college course. In 1879 he acquired an interest in the "Herald," published at Union Springs. Shortly after wards thinking that he might better his for tunes he Temoved to Eufaula, where he pur chased the Eufaula "Times," which, under his management, attained a wide circulation and influence. The paper boasted that it had a larger circulation in Alabama than any paper printed in the State, religious or secular, and it so boasted for ten years. It was probably the most often quoted newspaper in the State. Long before he entered politics he was a well known figure in State affairs. His paper always fought the battles of democracy with vigor and stood up for the editor's convic tions without regard to friends or results. Incidentally he earned in his 19 years of own ership of that paper and its publishing de partment what he afterwards alluded to as a country, competency. His familiarity with men and measures, his fair treatment of his contemporaries and his lucid grasp of intri cate problems and his absolute reliability, 900 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY all combined to make him a man of mark, when local conditions brought him forward in 189 8 to represent the County of Barbour in the State senate. Mr. Jelks served when about twenty-two years of age as a member of the common council of Union Springs. Afterwards at Eufaula he was made a member of the city school board, serving six or eight years as a member of that board and as superintend ent of education for the city. This last post was honorary. It was while acting as superintendent and a member of the public school board that the present public school building at Eufaula, since enlarged, was built. He gave much of his time to the work, being consumingly in terested in the public schools of that city. In 1898 he became a candidate for the State senate from Barbour County, defeating in the primaries two most excellent and well qualified gentlemen. He was elected for one term of four years, the legislature then meeting biennially. Under the system then in vogue one-half of the senators were elected every two years. He became a candidate for the presidency of the senate in 1900. Before the senate was due to meet, Mr. Samford, who had been elected governor in August before, was understood to be mortally stricken, and the informed public felt that in all probability the president of the senate, the successor to the governor, would serve at least a part of Mr. Samford's term. The cam paign for president of the senate at that time was probably the most interesting and notable ever held in this State. Five very eminent gentlemen contested the election with Mr. Jelks, all withdrawing, however, before the final vote was taken. Mr. Jelks served the State as governor for five years and eight months, a longer time than any preceding governor had served. He was called upon to act in Governor Samford's place and took the oath of office instead of Governor Samford, and served as governor thirty days. Governor Samford being suffi ciently restored, took up the duties of his office and served the State for six months, when he died. Governor Jelks became gover nor on June 11th, 1901. The new constitu tion just then adopted provided for an addi tional term for the governor of two months, which made Mr. Jelks' services as governor run for five years and eight months, less an interim of several months, when being sick, Lieut. Governor R. M. Cunningham, acted in his stead. Following the expiration of the term for which Governor Samford had been elected, Governor Jelks became a candidate for gover nor for the succeeding term of four years. The contest in the primary was between Ex- Governor Jos. F. Johnston, afterwards U. S. Senator Johnston, and Gov. Jelks. In the election he defeated J. W. A. Smith, republi can candidate. When Gov. Jelks was in the senate he was much interested in the new constitution. He believed that it was impossible for the citizen ship of this State to live decently under con ditions which constantly threatened the State with the domination of the ignorant and criminal. As State senator he was chairman of a senate committee on constitution and constitutional revision and amendment. This committee prepared a bill calling for a constitutional convention. Gov. Jelks became chairman of a joint committee appointed by a caucus of both houses and that commit tee perfected the bill. As president of the senate, afterwards, he signed the bill, and a few days later, having taken the oath of office as governor, he signed the bill as governor. He set a date for a vote on its adoption. Afterwards and by proclamation he named a date for the beginning of its operation. A reform of the electorate represented Gover nor Jelks' initial interest in the politics of that day. It will be seen that his connection with the new constitution in its beginning and until finally put in effect was very close. The new constitution put a limit on State taxation, reducing the amount of the tax rate under the old law from 7% to 6% mills. While this reduction affected naturally the income of his administration, still he found sufficient funds to approve the increase of pensions for old soldiers by four times over previous appropriations. At the same time the legislature was able to appropriate to the schools of the State directly from the treas ury, aside from the poll tax, an amount in the six years of his administration of about twice as much as the appropriations for any six years that went before it. During his administration the uniform school book law was passed, saving the State many hundreds of thousands of dollars. Nine million dollars of the bonded debt of the State was refunded. Part of this debt now runs at 3 % % interest, and another part at 4%, the previous bonded indebtedness maturing at different times and therefore re funded at different times and under different conditions of the money market. The gover nor was able to sell these bonds at an aggre gate premium of over $300,000.00, by which amount he decreased the outstanding bonded obligations of the State. They were retired. In this same transaction the State saved something like $100,000.00 a year of interest over that which had been paid out in previous years. This reduction in the bonded indebt edness of the State while small was still the first reduction in the State's indebtedness since the days of Houston and the re-adjust ment period. Governor Jelks considered that the old method of leasing the State convicts by the month was altogether bad, and early in his administration decided that it should be changed. He gave it out that the State would, after a specific date, doctor, clothe, feed and guard with its own appointees all of the State's convicts; contracts were" made with the mine operators for about half of these convicts, the contracts providing for the min ing of coal by the ton. The convicts used on the farms and in the lumber camps were as jealously guarded as those in the mines. The statistics will probably show that in so far as the health of the convicts were con cerned an improvement was had. While the DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 901 purpose in the mind of Governor Jelks was to improve their physical and moral condi tion, incidentally this change in working the convicts paid the State a vast sum of money, which sum increased until in 1906, the net income of the State from this source for the year was something like $400,000.00. Dur ing the period of the Governor's services the net amount to the State from this source was something like ten times as much as the State had been able to earn under old condi tions for a like number of years. The gov ernment was most economically administered; notwithstanding the reduction in the tax rate and the very great increase in the schools and pensions. Governor Jelks went out of office with a cash balance in the treasury of something like $1,800,000.00. It might also be said that there was no surplus in the treasury when he went in. Of this sum he advised the legis lature in a final message that one million dol lars of it was pure surplus and should be given to the schools. The legislature imme diately thereafter appropriated large sums to the common schools and at the same time authorized the building of splendid halls at the University, at the Polytechnic and at Montevallo, which were built out of these accumulations. It was during his administration that a demand for lower railroad rates swept the whole country covering every State. In this State a fight was made that this reform could best be carried out by electing the railroad commissioners by the people. A bill was passed to that effect, which was signed by him. He was apprehensive that the people would go too far, that a campaign for the election of candidates would commit these candidates to such rates as would cripple the common carriers and probably destroy them. Besides Governor Jelks could not get himself to differentiate between inter and intra-state rates, recognizing, as he thought, the impossibility of assessing a proper cost to each. He foresaw that one great national commission, with branch commissions report ing to it, must be the final result before ap proximate justice could be done both rail roads and people. The capitol was enlarged during his admin istration. An appropriation of $150,000 was voted by the legislature, and the south end of the Capitol Square was purchased in part and condemned in part, there being a dozen residences on that part of the present Capitol grounds. These had to be torn down and the present addition to the Capitol built, provid ing many new offices and including the pres ent permanent home for the Department of Archives and History. The purchase of this ground and the building of the present south wing of the Capitol was made within the appropriation. In 1912 Governor Jelks was elected a dele gate from the State at large to the Baltimore convention, which convention nominated Woodrow Wilson, and there the delegation elected him national committeeman for Ala bama. While on the national committee he undertook to have that body declare itself for the temporary organization of the next national convention on a basis of district sovereignty instead of state sovereignty. He was opposed to allowing one man in any large State vote the whole delegation by majority rule as was done at Baltimore. The commit tee declined to pass a resolution to that effect. The ruling forces in the committee as then organized and the spirit of their con trol, did not appeal to him. He positively declined to become a candidate for commit teeman again. Aside from the official posi tions named in this sketch, Governor Jelks was never a candidate for office. He has de clined repeatedly since 1907 the ardent in sistence of good friends to offer for the gov ernorship. Governor Jelks went out of office in Janu ary, 1907. Immediately thereafter he or ganized the Protective life insurance co., of Birmingham, and became its first presi dent, and at the time of the publication of this book retains that position. The Pro tective life insurance co. is a most success ful institution and a growing one. Married: June 7th, 1883, at Eufaula, to Alice, daughter of Henry R. and Addie Keitt Shorter (q. v.). Henry Shorter was one of the best known men in Alabama. He held a high official station in Alabama for about fourteen years. Her uncle, John Gill Shorter, was war governor of Alabama. Another uncle, Eli S. Shorter, was a representative in the National Congress before the war. Clement Clay Shorter, Speaker of the Ala bama House of Representatives at 26 years of age, was her first cousin, as were Reuben F. Kolb and John Martin McKleroy. Both of these last named gentlemen being State figures. Children: 1. Catherine, m. Edward Tripp Comer, and they are the parents of three children. 1. William Jelks, 2. Edward, Jr., 3. Alice Shorter. Residence: Birming ham. JEMISON, CLARA, author and writer. Res idence: Tuscaloosa. JEMISON, JOHN STEELE, lawyer and planter, was born February 4, 1856, in Tusca loosa; son of William Henry and Elizabeth A. (Patrick) Jemison (q. v.), of Eatonton, Ga.; grandson of William and Sarah (Mims) Jemi son, of Eatonton, Ga., who removed to Tusca loosa about 1822. He was educated in the schools of Tuscaloosa, entered the University of Alabama and graduated, 1876. He studied law and acted as quartermaster and later command ant of cadets from 1876-79. He graduated from the law department during the latter year and began the practice in Montgomery. In 1881-85 he edited the "Alabama Law Journal," and in 1884 removed to Lafayette where he practiced until 1886, then located permanently in Bir mingham as attorney of the Birmingham land and loan co. He is a Democrat; and an Episco palian. Married: November 7, 1883, at La fayette, to Margie Allen. Children: 1. Eliza beth Virginia; 2. Allen Bryce. Residence: Birmingham. 902 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY JEMISON, ROBERT, lawyer, business man, State legislator and senator, member Alabama Secession convention, Confederate State sena tor, 1863-65, was born September 17, 1802, in Lincoln County, Ga., near Augusta, and died October 17, 1871, at Tuscaloosa; son of Wil liam and Sarah (Mims) Jemison of Twiggs County, Ga.; grandson of Robert and Margaret (Kirkham) Jemison, of Philadelphia, Pa., who removed to near Augusta, Ga., before the Revo lutionary War; great-grandson of Robert and Sarah Jemison, who came in colonial times, from Scotland to America. He was educated by Prof. N. S. S. Beaman, the stepfather of William L. Yancey; entered the University of Georgia and among his classmates were Dixon H. Lewis and W. T. Colquitt. He read law under Eli Shorter, of Eatonton, Putnam County, Ga., and about 1826, removed, with his father's family, to Alabama, locating in Pickens County as a planter where he remained until 1836. At that date he removed to Tuscaloosa and engaged in several lines of business, established a saw mill, a flouring-mill, toll-bridge and a stage coach line, carrying mail. He also conducted his plantation. He served in the State legis lature, 1840-50; and in the State senate, 1851- 63. In 1861, he represented Tuscaloosa in the convention that took Alabama out of the Union, although personally opposing Secession. His able arguments against that movement almost prevailed during one period of discussion, but he lost when the vote was taken. He gave his loyal support to the State as a "sovereign," and later to the Confederate States. In 1863, he was elected to the Confederate States sen ate, and served until the downfall of the Con federacy. He assisted in promoting the Selma, Rome and Dalton railroad, in establishing the hospital for treatment of the insane, and in sys tematizing the financial affairs of Alabama. He was a Union Whig, opposed to Secession; after 1865, a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: at Tuscaloosa, to Priscilla Cherokee, daughter of Greenberry and Elizabeth (Van Weter) Taylor of Mobile, and sister of John T. Taylor of that city. Children: 1. Cherokee Mims, m. Andrew Coleman Hargrove (q. v.), of Tusca loosa. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. JEMISON, ROBERT, IV, business - man, was born September 12, 1853, in Tuscaloosa; son of William Henry and Elizabeth Ann (Patrick) Jemison (q. v.) ; and nephew of the confeder ate state's senator, Robert Jemison (q. v.). He received his early education in private schools in Tuscaloosa and Carrollton, and graduated from the University of Alabama with high honors, 1874, receiving the B. L. degree, but never practiced law. Later his alma mater conferred upon him the hon orary degree of LL. D. Upon the completion ot his education he entered business with the J. Snow hardware company, owning later a half interest in the firm, and holding that associa tion until 1884, when he removed to Birming ham. Upon arriving at that place he conducted for two years a grocery brokerage business which he afterwards disposed of. In the mean time he had entered the banking, real estate and insurance business. In 188^ he became vice-president of the Berney national bank, and the next year led in the organization of the Iron and oak insurance company, raising a capital stock of $100,000, and was elected its president. In 1886 he formed the East Lake land company, with a stock of $200,000, and was elected president. Soon afterwards he, with several associates, organized the Birming ham land and loan company, wi*h a capital stock of $50,000, and was elected on the di rectorate. Later he assisted in organizing the Central mortgage and trust company, which financed building and real estate development through the city of Birmingham and its en virons. During his early residence in the city of his adoption, he aided in organizing the Birmingham railway and electric company, now the Birmingham railway, light and power company, and became its president; one of his administrative achievements being to merge the interests of several independent companies with his company, thereby bringing into one ef ficient, co-ordinated system, the several other lines and companies. Married: October 25, 1876, in Tuscaloosa, to Eugenia Rebecca, daugh ter of Dr. Nicholas Turner and Ann Murphy (Hill) Sorsby, who lived successively at Eutaw and Tuscaloosa. Children: 1. Robert, V. (q. v.) ; 2. John S., m. Margaret Packman; 3. Annie Hill, m. A. H. Woodward (q. v.) ; 4. Elizabeth Patrick, m. L. C. Morris, physician; 5. Sorsby; 6. Elbert Sevier; 7. Richard Wilmer, deceased. Residence: Birmingham. JEMISON, ROBERT, V, real estate promoter and civic leader, was born February 28, 1878, at Tuscaloosa; son of Robert and Eugenia (Sorsby) Jemison (q. v.). He was educated in the public schools of Birmingham and re ceived his preparatory instruction from Pro fessor Joel C. DuBose, 1894-95; attended the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, 1895-96, but resigned during his junior year to enter the University of the South, which he attended during 1897-98. His entrance into the business life of Birmingham was with a hardware firm, 1899-1903. During the latter year he organized the Jemison real estate and insurance company. which has grown to the place of first magni tude in this type of business within the State, and out of which have grown a number of subsidiary companies, viz., Central park land company; Mountain terrace land company; Fairfield land company; Elm wood cemetery company; City investment company; First bank of Fairfield; Central mortgage and trust com pany; Jemison-Seibels insurance agency. He is also a director in the First national bank of Birmingham. Mr. Jemison was elected presi dent of the chamber of commerce of his city during a trying period of its history and his administration was characterized by remark able achievements both in a civic and material way. He was president of the Alumni society of the University of Alabama, 1906-07; is vice- chairman of the Park commission of Birming ham; trustee of the Industrial school of Ala bama; member of the Efficiency society of New York, and the Southern and country clubs of Birmingham. He is a Democrat; Episcopal ian and a member of the Phi Delta Theta col- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 903 lege fraternity. Married: November 12, 1901, in Birmingham, to Virginia Earle, daughter of William Augustus and Virginia (Mudd) Walker (q. v.). Children: 1. Virginia; 2. Robert; 3. William Walker. Residence: Bir mingham. JEMISON, WILLIAM CARLOS, newspaper editor and mayor, was born December 2, 1850, in Tuscaloosa, and died March 28, 1901, in Gal veston, Tex.; son of William Henry and Eliza beth Ann (Patrick) Jemison (q.v.), and brother of Robert, sr., and John S. Jemison, (q.v.). His education was interrupted by the results of the War of Secession, but with the brave spirit that dominated the manhood of the period he met the stern duties of life. For a while he engaged in planting and school teach ing, pursuing his studies between hours of work. He entered the law department of the University of Alabama and graduated in 1874, practicing only a few years, however, before engaging in the coal and iron business. He was mayor of Tuscaloosa 1889 to 1890 and 1894 to 1900 and during his incumbency, he invited the Rivers and Harbors convention to meet in his city, and demonstrated to that body the possi bilities of the Warrior river as a navigable stream of potential possibilities. He inaugurat ed the system of graded public schools during his administration, as well as barge line commu nication with Mobile. He was editor and pro prietor of the "Tuscaloosa Times" at the time of his death. Married: (1) February 24, 1879, at Ocean Springs, Miss., to Eliska Leftwich, daughter of J. G. W. Leftwich of that place; (2) July 10, 1889, at Talladega, to Clara Rob erts. Children: by the first wife, 1. Kate; 2. Allen, Birmingham; by the second wife: 3. William; 4. Margaret. Last residence: Tus caloosa. JEMISON, WILLIAM HENRY, planter, teacher and quartermaster at the University of Alabama, was born March 4, 1820, at Eatonton, Putnam County, Ga., and died November 11, 1892, at East Lake; son of William and Sarah (Mims) Jemison, who removed from Eatonton to Twigg County, Ga., where they settled on a large plantation, later coming to Perry County and finally to Tuscaloosa, where he built a beautiful home on one of his plantations near Tuscaloosa, which has been known successively as "Crab Orchard," "Cherokee Place," and "Hargrove Place"; grandson of Robert and Margaret (Kirkham) Jemison, both of Irish descent, the former a Revolutionary soldier of Lincoln County, Ga., and at whose home, twen ty-five miles from Augusta, Ga., General Wash ington was once entertained; great-grandson of Robert and Sarah Jemison, who emigrated to America from the north of Ireland, 1730, and settled on a farm in Pennsylvania, parents of seven sons, who settled in Kentucky, North Carolina and Georgia, being the progenitors of a large connection in those states; and brother of Robert Jemison (q. v.). He grad uated at Princeton universtiy; located in Tus caloosa, and in late life removed to Birming ham. He was a captain in the C. S. Army, member of the Alabama legislature; professor of agriculture at the Alabama polytechnic in stitute; quartermaster at the University of Ala bama, 1873-82. Married: Elizabeth Ann Pat rick. Children: 1. Virginia Ann, deceased, un married; 2. Carrie, died in infancy; 3. Sarah Elizabeth, m. John Cade, Tuscaloosa, both de ceased; 4. Margaret Penn, m. W. J. Prowell, both deceased; 5. Mary Gabrilla, m. J. W. Riddell, both deceased; 6. William Carlos (q. v ) ; 7. Robert IV (q. v.) ; 8. John Steel (q. v) ; 9. Mims Penn, m. (1) Leila Lee, (2) Mary Torry, the latter surviving. Last residence: Birmingham. JENKINS, GEORGE LUCKEY, Methodist minister, was born July 22, 1863, near Fort Deposit, Lowndes County, and died at Ensley, March 13, 1915; son of Rev. Andrew Jackson and Georgia Josephine (Watson) Jenkins, the former a native of Camden, a graduate of Ala bama university, in 1845 with A. M. degree and became a Methodist Protestant minister in 1856; grandson of Rev. John and Mary Ann (Dunham) Jenkins of Camden, S. O, later of Wilcox County; and of Emsley and Mary (El lis) Watson, who lived near Fort Deposit; great-grandson of Joseph Jenkins who fought under General Francis Marion in the Revolu tion. Rev. G. L. Jenkins attended the village schools of Letohatchie, under Professors D. F. Gaffney and George W. Thigpen; Emory col lege, Oxford, Ga., 1883-84, during the presidency of Dr. A. G. Haygood, later bishop; and the Southern university, Greensboro, 1886-88, re ceiving the degree of B. S. He entered the Methodist ministry, November 22, 1888, and has had pastorates at North Birmingham, Madison, Tuscumbia, Bridgeport, Bessemer, Roanoke, Anniston, New Decatur, Tuscaloosa, Florence and Ensley; was presiding elder of Talladega District; trustee Birmingham col lege. He was a Democrat; a Mason; Knight of Pythias; Odd Fellow; and a member of Kappa Alpha college fraternity. Married: January 26, 1898, at Lafayette, to Myrtis Viola, daughter of Hon. Lewis S. and Sallie (Trammell) Schuessler of Lafayette; granddaughter of Lewis. Scheussler and of Col. Elisha Trammell of Georgia, founder of the cotton mills at La- nette and- Langdale, Ga. Children: 1. John Lewis; 2. George L., jr.; 3. James Andrew; 4. William H.; 5. Edward Schuessler; 6. Joseph Embree; 7. Frank Willard. Last residence: Ensley. JENKINS, JAMES ARTHUR, Baptist minis ter, was born August 10, 1871, at Inverness, Bullock County; son of James Elmore and Annie Jane (Cogdell) Jenkins, the former who served in the C. S. Army, and who represented Bullock County in the State legislature; grand son of Jonas and Mary Jenkins, and of Charlie and Mary Cogdell, all of Inverness. He obtained his early education in the schools of Bullock County; attended Howard college, East Lake; and the Southern Baptist theo logical seminary at Louisville, Ky. He has served pastorates in Indiana, Kentucky and Alabama, resigning the pastorate at Wetumpka to become chaplain of convicts in April, 1911. He is a Democrat; a Mason; an Odd Fellow; 904 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY and a Knight of Pythias. Married: November 12, 1902, in Montgomery, to Amanda Ruth, daughter of James Alexander and Jennie Stewart, of Montgomery; granddaughter of Pat rick and Martha Stewart, and of John and Lucy (Hancock) Hilliard. Children: 1. Mina Jud son; 2. Frank Elmore; 3. Frances Elizabeth. Residence : Montgomery. JENKINS, JAMES ELMORE, farmer and legislator, was born February 22, 1847, at Bruceville, Bullock County; son of Jonas and Nancy (Townsend) Jenkins, the former a na tive of North Carolina; grandson of Samuel and Polly Ann (Barnett) Townsend, of Bul lock County. He was educated in the com mon schools of his native county and served in Co. I, 17th Alabama infantry regiment, Canty's brigade, C. S. Army. He is a farmer; justice of the peace; and represented Bullock County in the legislature of 1911. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Mason. Married: (1) Mary; (2) Lillie, both daughters of Charles and Mary (Gilmore) Cogdell, of Inver ness. Children: 1. Ollou, m. Angeline Moore; 2. James Arthur, m. Ruth Stuart; 3. Luther; 4. Bessie; 5. Mamie, m. A. M. Crenshaw; 6. Annie; 7. Charles Rufus. Residence: Inver ness. JENKINS, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 81, and a resident of Lime stone County; private and sergeant S. C. Con tinental Militia; enrolled on June 14, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual- allowance, $65; sums received to date of publication of list, $195. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv. Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833- 34. JENKINS, JOHN F., grand master, grand council, Masons, 1911. JENKINS, LUCKY W., grand high priest, grand chapter, 1881-82; deputy grand master, grand council, Masons, 1879-85. JENKINS, R. M., president of the Jenkins lumber company. Residence: Birmingham. JENKINS, SAMUEL CALHOUN, lawyer, was born October 28, 1868, at Allenton, Wilcox Coun ty; son of Lucky Walker and Ellen Shaw (Net tles) Jenkins, the former a native of Allenton, who lived during the greater part of his life at Camden, where he was a practicing phy sician, and served in the C. S. Army in the company of his brother, Capt. Thomas F. Jen kins; grandson of Rev. John and Fannie (Dun ham) Jenkins, the former a pioneer Methodist minister, who was in Fort Mims in 1813 until a few days before the massacre, at the close of the Creek War went up the Alabama River and settled in what became Wilcox County, and was one of the commissioners appointed to select the county site and to contract for buildings, and of John Nettles, of Black's Bend, Wilcox County; great-grandson of Joseph Jen kins, a Revolutionary soldier under Gen. Marlon, while his wife was a daughter of Joseph Lewis, a leading Tory in the war. Mr. Jenkins received his preparatory education at Camden; was graduated at the University of Alabama, A. B., 1889, and A. M., 1890. He taught school three years; studied law; and was graduated from the law school of his alma mater, LL. B., 1897. He began the practice of law in 1894, while superintendent of edu cation in Wilcox County, which office he held from 1892 to 1896; was a member of the house of representatives, from Wilcox County, 1896- 1898; was a State senator, 1898-1900; a dele gate to the constitutional convention of 1901; moved to Baldwin County, February, 1902; and represented that county in the State legislature, 1907 and 1911. He is a Democrat; a Methodist, and a Knight of Pythias. Residence: Bay Minette. JENKINS, THOMAS FAREWELL, farmer and soldier; was born November 5, 1827, at Allen ton, Wilcox County; son of John and Fannie (Dunham) Jenkins, both natives of South Caro lina, the former a native of Beaufort County, of Scotch ancestry, the latter of Welch ances try. His education was obtained in the schools of Wilcox County, and with the exception of his service in the Confederate Army he passed his life on his farm. He was a justice of the peace in Geneva County for twelve years; en tered the Confederate Army as captain cavalry company from Wilcox County in 1861, going first to Pensacola, Fla., after the battles of Shiloh and Corinth he returned home and or ganized a company made up from Wilcox, Cof fee and Dale Counties, which became a part of the 54th Alabama cavalry regiment, of which he was later elected major, a position he held until captured near Florence, and sent as a prisoner to Johnson's Island, where he was held until close of the war. He returned to Wilcox County where he resided until his re moval to Geneva County in 1882. He was a Democrat; a Presbyterian; and a Mason. Mar ried: November, 1854, at Oak Hill, Wilcox County, Margaret, daughter of Simeon and Amanda (Wardlaw) Bonham of that place, a niece of Gen. Milledge F. Bonham of South Carolina. Children : 1. Joseph D., m. Annie Sel lers; 2. Bessie W., m. James J. Johnson; 3. Thomas, dec; 4. S. Bonham, dec; 5. Anna, dec; 6. John A., m. Daisy Carr; 7. Archie W., m. Lucile Walker; 8. Jennie, m. J. Walter Kehoe. Last residence: Geneva. JENKINS, WILLIAM, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 73, and a resident of Jack son County; sergeant, lieutenant and captain S. C. State Troops; enrolled on June 6, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $170. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. JENNINGS, WILLIAM, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, a resident of Shelby County; private, particular service not shown; enrolled on August 14, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832; annual allowance, $26.66; trans ferred from Tennessee. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. He is buried in the old WILLIAM T. SHEEHAN DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 907 cemetery at Harpersville, and on his tomb is the following: "William Jennings, a Revolu tionary soldier, born Feb. 26, 1761, died August 17, 1840." Other members of the Jennings family are buried there. JERNIGAN, JOSIAH, city clerk, was born November 24, 1847, near Milton, Santa Rosa County, Fla., and died July 6, 1908, at Troy. On November 24, 1864, he enlisted in Co. I, 15th Confederate cavalry regiment. He re moved to Rose Hill, Covington County, 1861; Elba, 1866; and finally located in Troy, No vember 10, 1869. He was register in chancery from November, 1869, to November, 1880, and served as city clerk of Troy for a number of years. He was a Baptist and a Mason. Mar ried: September 28, 1871, near Troy, to Hor tense Mullins. There were five children from this union. Last residence: Troy. JESSEE, GEORGE M., lieutenant colonel, 6th Confederate battalion cavalry; Major Jessee's battalion, Kentucky Mounted Rifles, C. S. Army. JEWETT, MILO PARKER, first president of Judson college, was born April 27, 1808, in St. Johnsbury, Vt., and died June 9, 1882, in Milwaukee, Wis.; son of Dr. Calvin Jewett, who was bom in 1782 and died in 1853, was a gradu ate of Dartmouth college, M. D., 1821, and a physician of St. Johnsbury; nephew of the Rev. Luther Jewett. He was prepared for college at Bradford academy, Vermont, and was gradu ated from Dartmouth college, A. B., 1828, and A. M., 1831. He was principal of Holmes acad emy, Plymouth, N. H., 1828-1829; studied law in the office of Josiah Quincy, Rumney, N. H., 1829-1830; abandoned the law in 1830 and en tered Andover theological seminary; and was graduated from that institution in 1833. Dur ing his vacations, he lectured on the common school in New Hampshire, Massachusetts and Connecticut, and his lectures started the move ment which resulted in the common school sys tem adopted by the state of New York. After his graduation, he decided to teach rather than preach, and accepted a professorship in Mari etta collegiate institute. He helped to raise funds for the college, founded the next year, and was professor of rhetoric and political economy at Marietta college, 1834-1838. He was a member of the State educational conven tion of Ohio which led to the establishment of the common school system in that state in 1835, and his report on the subject created in terest all over the country and resulted in the special educational mission and work of Horace Mann in New England. He united with the Baptist church in 1839, after resigning his pro fessorship in Marietta college, and was or dained to the ministry by the Siloam Baptist church of Marion. He was made the first president of Judson female institute, just es tablished at Marion, in 1838, and conducted, in connection with the school, the "Alabama Baptist," which became the Baptist organ of the state. In 1855, he returned to the north and established Cottage Hill seminary for girls at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., and was its principal, Vol. HI— 58 1855-1861. While in Poughkeepsie, he met Mathew Vassar, and suggested to him the plan of a thoroughly equipped and endowed college for the higher education of young women. Mr. Vassar adopted the plan, and in 1861, when Vassar college was established, Mr. Jewett was made its first president. In 1862, at the request of the trustees, he visited Europe to inspect the universities, libraries, and art galleries in Great Britain and on the continent to obtain information about the best educational systems in the old world. He was attacked by almost total blindness in 1864, and resigned the presi dency of Vassar. He moved to Milwaukee, Wis., in 1867, and was made honorary presi dent of Milwaukee female college, chairman of the board of visitors of the University of Wisconsin, president of the board of health, of the Wisconsin State temperance society, of the Milwaukee County Bible society, and chairman of the Baptist educational association. The University of Rochester conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL. D., in 1861. He was the author of "Jewett on Baptism," 1840; "Report of the President's Visit to Europe," 1863; "Re port on the Organization of Vassar College," 1863; "Relation of Boards of Health to Intem perance," 1874; "A Plea for Academies," 1875; "The Model Academy," 1875. Last residence: Milwaukee, Wis. JEWETT, ORIGEN SIBLEY, lawyer, was bora April 5, 1820, in Mobile, and was killed at the battle of Chickamauga, September, 1863; son of Elijah and Salome (Sibley) Jewett, the former a native of Thompson, Conn., born Feb ruary 8, 1782, a soldier of the War of 1812, died in Mobile, September 1, 1830; grandson of Joseph and Rachael (Nichols) Jewett of Thompson, Conn., and of Col. Timothy and Mary (Barstow) Sibley of Thompson, Conn., and Providence, R. I., the former a descendant of Capt. John Sibley who settled in Salem, Mass., in 1629, was selectman in 1636, and the progenitor of a line that was active in the French and American Wars, and the American Revolution. John Jewett the founder of the line in America, was of French or Spanish origin, immigrated from London and was mar ried to Elizabeth Cummings of Topfleld, Mass., in 1661, became a landowner, member of the legislature, and died at Ipswich, leaving twelve children. Origen Sibley Jewett was educated in Mobile, later graduating at Brown's univer sity, Providence, R. I.; read law in the office of Gov. John Gayle, Mobile, practiced with Rob ert Armistead in Montgomery; was member of the legislature, 1861, from Clarke County. He entered the services of the C. S. Army and in the winter of 1861-62 was elected major of the 38th Alabama infantry regiment. He was an Episcopalian. Married: December 21, 1853, at Montgomery, to Clara Lee, daughter of Thomas and Clementina (Scott) James, granddaughter of Gen. John Scott, one of the early settlers of Montgomery. Children: 1. Thomas James, died 1890; 2. Virginia Scott, died 1908; 3. Clara Lee, m. Samuel Blackburn Marks and re sides in Montgomery; 4. Origen Sibley, jr., died 1908; 5. Eliza Elliott, died 1863. Last resi dence: Gainestown, Clarke County. 908 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY JIM BOY, or TUSTENAGGEE, EMATHLA, Creek Chief. See Indian chiefs and associated characters. JOHN, JOSEPH FRANCIS, Episcopal clergy man, was born June 5, 1847, at Uniontown, Perry County; son of Joseph Reid and Rosa Jane (Smith) John (q. v.). He obtained his early schooling in Selma and Columbiana, at tended the University of Alabama, and was graduated from the Virginia military institute, July 4, 1870. He was ordained a priest in the Protestant Episcopal church, and has served as rector of the churches at Uniontown and Fauns dale, of Grace church at Anniston, of Trinity church at Jacksonville, 111., and of St. Andrews at Clearfield, Pa. He is a Royal Arch Mason; an Odd Fellow; a Knight of Pythias; an Elk; and a Moose. Married: November 28, 1871. at Marion, to Sarah M., daughter of Hugh and Sarah R. (Jones) Davis, who lived at that place, the former, born November 22, 1811, and the latter, October 13, 1819; granddaughter of Nathaniel and Martha (Bowe) Davis, the for mer, born in 1784, and the latter, May 16, 1791, and of Thomas Anderson and Mary (Cren shaw) Jones; great-granddaughter of Stephen and Elizabeth (Bowe) Davis, and of Nathaniel and Susan (Davis) Bowe; great-great-grand daughter of William Davis, born in Wales, and of John Dabb Davis, who was a son of William Davis, of Wales. Children : 1. Sarah, m. Henry William English, Jacksonville, 111.; 2. Samuel Will, Christobal-Colon, Panama; 3. Laura; 4. Isabelle, m. Henry Franklin Van Valzah, Ty rone, Pa.; 5. Agnes Frances. JOHN, JOSEPH REID, lawyer, was born March 16, 1814, in the vicinity of Providence Church, Mecklenburg County, N. C, and died at Selma in 1889 son of Abel and Isabella (Reid) John, who lived at Providence Church, Mecklenburg County, the latter of Scotch-Irish descent; grandson of Daniel and Elizabeth (Mc- Clendon) John, of Mecklenburg County, N. C, the former a native of Wales, who came to America and settled first in Pennsylvania, then moved to South Carolina, and later to North Carolina, where he was married, lived and died. He was educated in the public schools of North Carolina, visited Alabama in 1836, and moved to the state in 1838. He located at Uniontown and for two years was occupied in teaching school and studying law with Col. C. W. Lee. He was admitted to the bar in 1839, and im mediately began his practice at Uniontown. He was elected justice of the peace at that place for some years; was a representative from Perry County in the State legislature in 1847; moved to Selma in January, 1856, where he continued his law practice; was elected mayor of Selma in 1862; was appointed chancellor of the middle division in 1863 upon the resigna tion of Chancellor Byrd; was re-elected in 1865 under the reorganization of the State govern ment; and held the office until 1868 when he was superseded by the reconstruction acts. He continued his practice until 1883 when he re tired to spend the remainder of his life in quietude at bis residence in Selma. He was a trustee of Dallas academy; was one of the original organizers of the East Tennessee, Vir ginia and Georgia railway, at that time the East and West Alabama railway, and as its attorney procured its right of way, its charter, and the subsequent appropriations to its con struction. During the War of Secession, the fortifications of Selma were constructed under his direction, and he was appointed receiver by the court to take and care for the property of Northern people sequestered there during the war. He was a leader in the movement for temperance, was a Democrat and a Methodist Episcopalian. Married: in 1837, at Mecklen burg, N. C, to Rosa Jane, daughter of David and Sarah (Black) Smith, who lived in Meck lenburg County, N. C; granddaughter of David Smith, a native of Ireland. He had seven chil dren, five sons and two daughters, among these Joseph Francis John (q. v.) and Samuel Wil liamson John (q. v.). Last residence: Selma. JOHN, SAMUEL WILLIAMSON, lawyer and legislator, was born June 29, 1845, at Union- town, Perry County; son of Joseph Reid and Rosa Jane (Smith) John (q. v.). He received his primary education in Selma. While yet a school boy, and following the patriotic impulses of the boys of th<*t day, he joined the "Curry Dragoons," December, 1861, which organization became Co. F, 3rd Alabama Cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. He served the full term of his enlistment of one year, and was with his com pany at the battle of Shiloh, though not called into action. In response to the wishes of his family, he entered the University of Alabama, from which he graduated with the class of 1865. While a member of the corps of cadets in the University of Alabama, he shared with them the services they were called upon to perform at Blue Mountain, Pollard, Blakely, and in the night fight with Croxton's raiders at Tusca loosa. After graduation he studied law in Selma under his father and was admitted to practice in the supreme court the day he at tained his majority. He then entered upon a career as a lawyer and legislator. In 1872-73 he was solicitor of Dallas County, and in 1874- 75. was a. member of the City council of Selma. In 1882-83, 1884-85, 1886-87, and 1915 he repre sented Dallas County in the legislature. He was chairman of the committee on privileges and election, 1882-83; of the committee on commerce and common carriers, 1884-85, and of the judiciary committee, 1886-87, 1892, 1897. He represented Jefferson County in the legislature of 1897-98, 1899 and 1907, and Dallas County, 1915. He drew and largely contributed to the passage of the employer's liability act, Code of 1907. sections 1910-12; the child labor law, sections 5428-49; the juvenile delinquent law, sections, 6450-65, with the amendments adopted at the special session of 1909; the act provid ing a sanatorium for the study and treatment of tuberculosis, sections 771-93; the law de fining the rights and liabilities of husband and wife, sections 4486-98; the uniform text book law. sections 1805-50; the revised charter of the Alabama girls technical institute, now the Alabama girls technical institute and college for women, Montevallo, sections 1912-1928; and DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 909 the acts retaining the coal lands granted by Congress to the state for the use of the Ala bama girls technical institute and regulating the sale thereof and funding the proceeds, sec tions 1829-32. He is also the author of the original act providing for examiners of pub lic accounts, the act of establishing experiment stations at Auburn and Uniontown; the act to punish the taking of rebates; the acts requir ing all school funds to be paid into the state treasury, and thence direct to teachers, the Dallas County jury law, and the present state jury law which is based on the former. He was on the committee appointed in 1894 to devise a new convict system for the state, and drew the several acts providing for the adop tion and the publication of the "Codes" of 1887 and 1907. He was a member of joint com mittee on the judiciary, 1915, and author of the law consolidating all chancery and city courts with the circuit court. In 1885 he was instrumental in organizing the 3rd regiment, Alabama state troops, of which he was elected the first colonel. He has been a frequent con tributor to the newspaper press, and is the author of an article on "Selma" in Northern Alabama illustrated. He was chairman of the joint committee of the "Code" in 1887, and was chairman of the code committee of 1907. In 1900-01 he was a member of the Alabama his tory commission, and assisted in the prepara tion of its "Report." He is a member of the Alabama bar association. For many years Col. John has been a member of the board of trustees of "The Alabama Insane Hospitals"; and until 1911 was a member of the Alabama girls technical institute; has been a trustee of Alabama State department of archives and his tory since its establishment in 1901; and while residing in Birmingham was a member and vice president of the city board of education. He is a Democrat; was a delegate to the Na tional democratic convention in Denver, Colo rado, 1908, and elector for the state at large in 1896; a Methodist; was delegate to General conference, 1886, of M. E. church, South; a Mason; a Knight Templar. Married: (1) in April, 1870, to Susie E. Woolsey, who in 1874 died without issue; (2) July 15, 1874, to Estelle Thornton Carson; and (3) June 1, 1887, to Rosa, daughter of John and Emily (Hughes) Clisby (q. v.). Children: by sec ond wife, 1. Estelle Carson, m. Portis G. Welsh, Selma; by third wife, Joseph William, attorney of Mobile. Residence: Selma. JOHNS, LLEWELLYN W., mining engineer, was born November 10, 1884, at Ponty Pridd, Glamorganshire, Wales, and died in February, 1912, in Birmingham; son of William and Catherine (Hopkins) Johns, of Ponty Pridd, Wales. He was trained as a mining engineer in the Western academy at Bath, England. After leaving school, he worked in the govern ment chain works and in the mines as engi neer and miner at Ponty Pridd, and when he was eighteen years of age, sailed for America. He arrived in New York, where he was em ployed by a surveyor for three months; worked on the Lehigh Valley railroad, building bridges at AUentown, Pa.; went to Wilkesbarre, Pa., where he worked in the coal mines; built cars for the Lake Shore railroad in Chicago; went to Omaha, Neb., and was engaged to work with the bridge force of the Union Pacific railroad; worked subsequently at Cheyenne, Wyo., at Ogden and Salt Lake City, Utah. He went to Montana and worked at Helena for a time; the next year took an abandoned claim in the placer mine, Lost Chance Gulch, and struck bed rock. He formed a partnership with a sawmill proprietor in order to build a flume, but at the end of six months the firm failed, leaving him penniless. He went to Pioche, Nev., and worked in the mines until 1868, then went east and worked in the mines and built cars for the Honeybrook coal company in Pennsylvania. He became mining and mechanical engineer of the company and remained in that position un til the fall of 1870, at which time he went to Lime Lodge, Pa., and worked for six months for W. R. Thomas. He went south the next year; dug coal for Mr. J. T. Pierce at Warrior, Jefferson County; was superintendent of mines at Rising Fawn, Ga.; went to St. Louis in 1875; and to Virginia City, Nev., where he secured work first as a carpenter, later becoming tim ber boss, then assistant engineer of the Ophir mines; returned to Rising Fawn in the fall of 1875; went to Helena in 1877 and assumed con trol of the mines there, opening the Black Shale, the Little Pittsburg, and the Helena mines, and building one hundred coke ovens. In the spring of 1879, H. F. DeBardeleben bought out the mines and organized the Pratt coal and coke company, and Mr. Johns was made mining engineer of the company. He super intended the opening of slope No. 1, rebuilt the coke ovens at Helena and built ten new ones at Pratt mines; sank Ellen shaft and Slope No. 2, in 1880; opened Laura slope in 1885, and Enoch slope in 1886. He was a Mason; a Knight Tem plar; and an Elk. Married: in September, 1874, at Rising Fawn, to Jennie Scott, who had come from Durham, England, in her eighth year. He had four children. Last residence: Birming ham. JOHNSON, A. B., pioneer Missionary Baptist preacher. Deceased. JOHNSON, A. H, major, 1st Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. JOHNSON, ALBERT SIDNEY, lawyer, was born July 29, 1888, at Choctaw Corner, Clarke County; son of William James and Susan Emma (Evans) Johnson, the former a native of Bashi, Clarke County, who lived at Choctaw Corner where he conducted a mercantile busi ness, and later moved his business to Thomas ville, was admitted to the bar in 1888 and since that time has practiced law; grandson of Wil liam England and Louisa M. (Davis) John son, of Bashi, the former a North Carolinian, who came to Alabama in 1852, was a planter and served in the C. S. Army, and of Louis G. and Harriet E. (Grayson) Evans, of Linden, Marengo County; great-grandson of William M. Johnson, a captain in the War of 1812; great- great-grandson of William Johnson, a general in the Revolutionary War. Mr. Johnson was 910 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY prepared in the South Alabama Institute, at Thomasville, and was graduated from the University of Alabama, LL. B., 1907. He was licensed to practice law, in 1907, and located in Clarke County, forming a part nership with his father, under the firm name of Johnson & Johnson. He was elected city attorney of Thomasville, 1907; and has served as a member of the board of education of Thomasville. He is a Democrat; a Meth odist; a Knight of Pythias; and a Woodman of the World. Residence: Thomasville. JOHNSON, BERNARD, pioneer physician, legislator and militia colonel, was born August 5, 1782, in Greene County, Ga., and died Feb ruary 7, 1843, in Dallas County; son of Thomas and Agnes j( Greer) Johnson, the former of whom was born March 10, 1742, in South Carolina, re sided in Greene County, Ga., and died there, March 5, 1816, served as a lieutenant in the Revolutionary War with troops from Georgia, the latter was born in Pennsylvania and remov ed with her parents to South Carolina, thence to Georgia, and died in Dallas County, Septem ber 5, 1820. The ancestors of Dr. Johnson came from the highlands of Scotland to Geor gia with Governor Oglethorpe in 1732, and were descended from Sir Gilbert Johnson of the Johnson plan, seated in Scotland, 1292. Dr. Johnson was educated in the schools of Georgia and studied medicine in that state. He prac ticed his profession in Georgia and later re moved to Dallas County where he was a pio neer physician. He built the first grist and saw mill in that section. In 1826 he served in the Alabama legislature, and was colonel of "B" regiment of militia which was called out to serve as escort to General Lafayette, on his visit to Cahaba. He was a Democrat and a Presbyterian. Married: (1) in December, 1814, to Sarah Ann, daughter of A. B. Taylor, a descendant -of James and Frances Taylor, the former emigrated from Carlisle, England, to Vir ginia, between 1650-67, also a relative of Presi dent Zachary Taylor; (2) Sarah Craig; (3) Martha (Norwood) Hines. Children: 1. John Gilbert Greer, born 1818, in Dallas County, served in the C. S. Army, m. Elizabeth Evans, and whose grandsons, Gilbert Lee Boyd and Coleman Davis Boyd, of Glasgow, Ky., were respectively in the U. S.. navy and 32nd divi sion, A. E. F., in the Meuse-Argonne offensive, during the European War, and was a member Of the Army of occupation following the ar mistice; 2. Cummins, a soldier of the Mexican War, d. unmarried; 3. Mary Ann, m. Joseph Chapman, and was murdered by negroes in 1843, their son, Alonzo Chapman, Confederate soldier, was killed in the battle of Seven Pines. Last residence: Cahaba. JOHNSON, B. C, major, 31st, Hale's, Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. JOHNSON, CROCKETT WESTMORELAND, teacher, was born November 29, 1881, at Mt. Rozell, Limestone County; son of John Wiley and Hannah Susan (Davis) Johnson, the for mer a native of near Pulaski, Giles County, Tenn., who removed to Mt. Rozell, where for many years he was a teacher, farmer and busi ness man, holding local office, finally settling in Florida where he engaged in merchandising; grandson of Pascal and Emely (Jackson) John son, who lived near Pulaski, Tenn. Mr. John son received his early education in the public schools of his native county and in the private schools conducted by Col. Gaines C. Smith, Johnson White and W. M. Mathews. He gradu ated from the State normal school, Florence, 1908. He began his professional career in Lau derdale County, 1902, being principal of the Pine Hill academy. Two years later he was made principal of the public schools of Head land, Henry County, and superintendent city schools of Mt. Pleasant, Maury County, Tenn., 1908. Four years later he removed to Colum bia, as principal of the Houston County high school, a position he now holds. He is a Demo crat; Baptist; Odd Fellow; Knight of Pythias; and Mason. Married : August 28, 1908, at Head land, to Willie Eugenia, daughter of Lawson Andrew and Georgia (Boyer) Whigham of Headland; granddaughter of Samuel Whigham, who came to Barbour County, in 1850, from Georgia, a large land owner and planter, vet eran of the Mexican War, and a Presbyterian, and of George Bower, great-granddaughter of James Bruce and Jonathan Thornton, the latter a Confederate veteran, merchant and planter of Eufaula, and descended from a line of Baptist preachers. Children: 1. William Westmore land; 2. Lawson Whigham; 3. Crockett Wiley. Residence: Columbia. JOHNSON, EDWARD H., physician, was born in 1845, in Troy; son of Dr. Osborn S. and Eliza J. (Hobdy) Johnson, the former of whom was born in 1820, in Marion County, Ga., was graduated from the Medical college of Augusta, M. D., 1841, moved to Pike County, and prac ticed at Monticello until the county seat was moved to Troy, practiced at Troy nntil about 1855, and moved to. Mt. Ida, Crenshaw County, dying October 17, 1867; grandson of Edmund Hobdy, a pioneer and planter of Pike County. He attended school at Troy and Mt. Ida, and in 1862, joined Co. E, Fifty-six Alabama infantry, C. S. Army. After eight months service at Mobile, he operated in north Mississippi and Tennessee, intercepting Gen. Sherman on his way to Chattanooga, joined Johnston's army in north Georgia in 1864, and fought all the way to Atlanta, following Sherman into North Caro lina and surrendering with Johnston. He re turned home most of the way on foot, and worked on a farm during the summers of 1865 and 1866, attending school in the winters. He read medicine with Dr. Benjamin Meadows in Crenshaw County; took a course of lectures in Atlanta, Ga., in 1868; and was graduated from Washington university, now the College of medicine and surgery, at Baltimore, Md., in 1869. He located at Rutledge and practiced medicine until 1888, when he moved to Troy. He is a member of the State Medical Associa tion; was for some years president of the Crenshaw County Medical Society, and a mem ber of the board of censors of that society; has been president and a censor of the Pike County Medical Association; was at one time DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 911 county physician of Crenshaw County; was tax collector of that county by appointment of Gov. Houston; and was postmaster at Rut ledge during Grant's administration. He is a Methodist; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: in June, 1869, to Sarah E. Chapman, a native of Elmore County, daughter of John D. and Mary H. Chapman, natives of Georgia, the former of whom was justice of the peace of Crenshaw County for many years, and a repre sentative of that county in the State legis lature during one term. Children: five. JOHNSON, JAMES, lieutenant colonel, 3rd Confederate infantry regiment; major 1st bat talion Arkansas infantry. JOHNSON, JAMES MONROE, farmer and Baptist minister, was born July 15, 1856, at La Plass, Macon County; son of Seaborn and Mary Ann (Williams) Johnson, the former of DeKalb County, Ga., who was a Confederate sol dier in the War of Secession, the latter of Ma con County; grandson of Robert and Rox- anna (Wimberly) Williams, of Macon County. The family is of Welsh, English, Irish and Dutch descent. Mr. Johnson was educated in the common schools of the county and at Wetumpka. He is a farmer; a Baptist min ister; and was a representative in the State legislature, 1911. He is a Democrat; a Mason; and a Woodman of the World. Married: to Catherine Rebecca Ward, daughter of George and Mary (Smith) Ward, of Montgomery County. Residence : Eclectic. JOHNSON, JAMES RICHARD, Christian minister and legislator, was born May 17, 1862, at Bridgeport, Jackson County; son of John Charles and Sarah Ann (Morrow) Johnson, of that place. He was educated in the common schools. He is a minister of the Church of Christ. He represented Jackson County in the legislature of 1900-01. He is a Democrat. Mar ried: (1) April 9, 1882, at South Pittsburg, Tenn., to Mollie Francis Jassett; (2) April 8, 1886, at Bridgeport, to Mary Lucinda Barnes. Residence: Bridgeport. JOHNSON, JAMES WILSON, Methodist min ister, was born, June 10, 1874, near Somerville, Morgan County; son of Andrew and Sarah (Griffin) Johnson, the former born at Spring Place, Ga., was a farmer and a member of the Fourth Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army; grandson of Andrew Johnson, of Spring Place, and of Benjamin and Margaret (Cuthbertson) Griffin, who lived in North Carolina. Mr. John son received his early education in rural schools; during his early years attended school at Somerville; he received the M. A. degree from Morgan County college, now non-existent, and at the University of Chicago. He is a min ister of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, having joined the North Alabama conference in 1897 He has served several churches, includ ing the First Methodist church at Birmingham. He is both a York and a Scottish Rite Mason. Married: October 18, 1899, at Danville, to Eva daughter of George and Frances Howell, of that place. Children: 1. James Wilson, jr.; 2. Frances Eva. Residence: Birmingham. JOHNSON, JOE, merchant, planter, and leg islator, was born March 16, 1872, at Meltons- ville, Marshall County; son of John Newton and Sarah Evergreen (Parker) Johnson, the former of Claysville, was a member of Co. H, 42nd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, the latter of Wakefield; grandson of Joshua and Mary Ann (Carter) Johnson of Claysville, and of Cary and Dollie (Tucker) Parker of Wake field; great-grandson of James and Amy (Mot- ly) Carter and of John and Mary (Sawyer) Tucker. He was educated in the common schools. He is a farmer, blacksmith, veterinary surgeon, and a merchant. Since 1908 has been a member of the County board of education, and was once justice of the peace. He repre sented Marshall County in the legislature of 1911. He is a Democrat; a Northern Metho dist; and a Woodman of the World. Married: August 23, 1893, to Julia, daughter of Thomas and Jane Barnett, of Ft. Payne. Children: 1. Effie May; 2. Thoro Joe Newton. Residence: Meltonsville. JOHNSON, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of Pickens County; private, particular service not shown; enrolled on August 1, 1836, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $30.66. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. JOHNSON, JOHN ELDRIDGE, farmer, was born November .10, 1879, at South Hill, De Kalb County; son of William Rampley and Lydia E. (Saxon) Johnson, the former a na tive of Flowery Branch, Forsyth County, Ga. ; grandson of Philip and Nancy (Rampley) Johnson, of Georgia, the former a - Virginian, the latter an Englishwoman, who came to America in early life, and practiced medicine in Hall and Forsyth Counties, Ga., for forty years, being one of the first professional women in the South, and of John Adams and Sarah Jane (Lackey) Saxon, of Clay County. Mr. Johnson was educated in the public schools of Alabama, and took the Chadman law course, but never applied for admittance ' to the bar. He taught school, 1898-1899, and since that time has engaged in farming. He was elected jus tice of the peace in 1908; and represented De Kalb County in the State legislature, 1915. He is a Democrat, a Baptist and an odd Fel low. Married: December 24, 1901, at Ten- broeck, to Mary Magnolia Millirons, daughter of Jesse and Mary Jane (Graves) Millirons, of that place. The Millirons family emigrated to north east Alabama from Ireland in 1822, and were among the first settlers of that dis trict. Children: 1. Vergia Montes; 2. Julian Herbert; 3. William Aubrey; 4. Henry Allen; 5. Lillian Stevens. Residence: Fyffe. JOHNSON, JOHN WILLIS, farmer, was born November 19, 1846, near Nixburg, Coosa Coun ty; son of George and Elizabeth (Suttle) John son, the former a native of Edgefield District, S. C.; grandson of Jesse and Sallie Suttle, of 912 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Centreville, Bibb County. He was educated in Pine Grove, Fishpond and Woodland academies in Coosa County; enlisted in the Alabama re serves, Co. C, Sixty-second Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; was engaged at the bat tles of Spanish Fort and Blakely; was captured in the latter battle, April 9, 1865, and imprisoned a month at Ship Island; clerked in a dry goods store, 1870-1871; then engaged in farming; served as a justice of the peace, 1880-1892; and as a representative in the State legislature, 1903. He is a Democrat and a Primitive Bap tist. Married: (1) March 14, 1872, to Eliza beth Matilda, daughter of William L. and Louisa Thompson, of Nixburg, Coosa County; (2) December 1, 1903, to Alice, daughter of Albert and Sarah Thomas. Residence: Lau derdale. JOHNSON, JOSEPH HENRY, farmer, was born January 6, 1851, at Dudleyville, Tallapoosa County; son of Joseph Alexander and Lucy (Moore) Johnson, the former a resident of Maryland and Georgia before removing to Ala bama, and who was the clerk of the first court held in Tallapoosa county; grandson of James Alexander and Amelia (Dyer) Johnson of Maryland and of James and Fanny Moore, who lived near Horseshoe Bend before the battle of Horseshoe and afterwards at Dudleyville, Talla poosa County, the latter who was a Creek In dian. Mr. Johnson received his education in the common schools at Dadeville and at Howard college, but did not graduate. He is a farmer; was probate judge of Tallapoosa County from 1886 to 1892; and represented Tallapoosa County in the State legislature, 1919. He is a Democrat, and a Missionary Baptist. Married: to Harriet Crawford, daughter of Jesse and Martha Fitzpatrick, of Chambers County. Children: 1. Kathleen, m. Lovlck Peirce Anthony; 2. George Bailey, m. Nellie Johnson; 3. Eugenia Parnelle, m. Sam uel Henderson Wallace; 4. Carey Shaffer, m. Mary Leslie Johnson; 5. Judson Brewer. Residence: Dadeville. JOHNSON, JOSEPH HENRY, founder and principal of the Institute for the deaf, dumb and blind at Talladega, was born October 16, 1832, in Madison, Ga., and died May 5, 1893, in Talladega; son of Seaborn J. and Minerva (Fannin) Johnson, natives of Georgia, the for mer a prominent attorney and planter of Floyd County; grandson of Joseph Fannin, also a native of Georgia. Dr. Johnson was educated in the country schools, and attended Hern school in Georgia. He taught at the Georgia institute for the deaf and dumb, 1845-54; at tended the Charleston medical college for one term; went to Philadelphia and graduated in 1856; returned to Georgia and taught for one year. At the request of Gov. Andrew B. Moore, he came to Alabama in 1858, and became foun der and principal of the Talladega institute for the deaf, dumb and blind. In March, 1861, he organized Co. G, 1st Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army, was made captain but was forced to resign at the end of a year on ac count of an accident. He returned to Talla dega, again assuming charge of the institution and remaining in that position until his death. He was a Methodist; Mason; Odd Fellow; and a Knight of Honor. Married: in 1853, to Emily, daughter of Judge Abner and Nancy (Morris) Darden, the former a native of Georgia who served in either the senate or house of that state for fourteen years. Children: 1. Sea born Jones, A. M., University of Alabama, teacher, Deaf and blind institute; 2. Joseph H, jr. (q. v.) ; 3. Annie; 4. Helen. Last residence: Talladega. JOHNSON, JOSEPH HENRY, jr., principal Talladega State deaf, dumb and blind institute, was born May 13, 1864, at Talladega, and died November 25, 1914, at the same place; son of Dr. Joseph Henry and Emily (Darden) John son (q. v.). He graduated A. B., from the University of Alabama, 1881, took a post-grad uate course and received the A. M. degree in 1882, and in 1911 the honorary degree of LL. D. was conferred upon him by his alma mater. He began his- profession as head teacher in the Kentucky school for the deaf; was ap pointed in 1888, principal of the Alabama school for the blind, afterwards resident prin cipal of the school for the deaf, and, on his father's death in 1893, he succeeded him as principal of the three State schools for the deaf, blind and the negro deaf and blind. He was a Methodist; member of the board of trustees of the University of Alabama and of the State department of Archives and History; and president of the Association of instructors of the blind, 1905. Married: July 9, 1884, to Nellie, daughter of Dr. John Edward Hall, sur geon-major, C. S. Army; granddaughter of Dr. James Guild (q. v.). Last residence: Talla dega. JOHNSON, LOUIS W., major, 10th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. JOHNSON, LUCIUS BRUTUS, educator, was born in 1805, in Putney, Vt., and died October 6, 1853, at Selma. He was educated at Mid- dlebury college, Vt., and went to Raleigh, N. C, in 1835, where he became principal of the Raleigh high school for the education of boys. He remained there for one year, then movea to Summerfield and became principal of the Pleas ant Valley male academy. He moved to Texas in 1837, and located in Bastrop, where he en gaged in the practice of law in partnership with Hon. W. P. Hill, brother of Senator Hill, of Georgia. He came to Alabama in 1841, and the following year opened a male and female school in Selma. In 1844, he and his wife opened a new school, under the name of the Dallas male and female academy, with Prof. Johnson supervising the boys and Mrs. John son, the girls. In 1851, Prof. Johnson and his wife left Selma to take charge of the Camden male and female academy in Wilcox County, but returned to their former charge in 1853. In October of that year, they opened the Dallas female academy, and six days after the open ing of the school, Prof. Johnson died of yellow fever. Married: in 1836, at Summerfield, to Harriet Benham, who was born in Hartford, """ """ "" ¦:-:¦¦ mm WILLIAM L. LANCASTER DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 915 Conn.; was educated in that state; came south in 1829 to Milledgeville, Ga., and opened a se lect school for the education of young ladles, which she conducted for two years; went to LaGrange, Ga., and established a female school, which she taught for four years; took charge of the female department of the Pleasant Hill academy at Summerfield, Dallas County in 1835; and was holding that position at the time of her marriage in 1836. After her husband's death, she conducted the Dallas female acad emy until 1864, then went to Winsted, Conn., where she died and was buried. She was re lated to Mrs. Emma Willard, founder of the Troy female seminary of New York, to Mrs. Almira Lincoln Phelps of Baltimore, and to Elijah Hinsdal Burnitt, astronomer and mathe matician. Children: 1. Abbie, deceased, m. dur ing the War of Secession, in Selma, to Lieut. Duval, resided in New Orleans. Last resi dence: Selma. JOHNSON, RICHARD, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 74, and a resident of Greene County; private Virginia Militia; en rolled on September 18, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $20. — Revo lutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Greene County, June 1, 1840, aged 79. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. JOHNSON, RICHARD, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, age not given, and a resident of Madison County; Corporal in Lee's Legion; enrolled on May 25, 1829, under act of Con gress of May 15, 1828, payment to date from March 3, 1826; annual allowance, $120; sums received to date of publication of list, $1,020. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He re sided in Madison County, June 1, 1840, aged g2. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. JOHNSON, R. W., major, 4th, Roddy's, Ala bama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. JOHNSON, THOMAS ABNER, physician, minister and legislator, was born December 17, 1836 in Greene County, Ga.; son of John Rob ert and Mary Ann (Bristowe) Johnson, the former a native of Pennfield, Ga., who lived in Greene County; grandson of Chesley and Martha Bristowe, of Crawfordville, Ga. He re ceived only a limited education but pursued his studies while teaching. He began practice of medicine prior to the war, although his medi cal education was not completed, and not until 1880 did he complete a course and take a de gree from the Nashville medical college. He has practiced medicine over forty years in Bar bour County, in Florida, and in Russell County, where he lived many years. During 1861-65 he was a lieutenant in the Russell County com pany of reserves, C. S. Army. For many years he was justice of the peace He represented Russell county in the legislature of 1903. He has been for many years a local minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, South Married: September 6, 1857, to Mary Ross, daughter of Cornelius and Sarah (Ward) Braswell, of Auburn. Residence: Jernigan. JOHNSON, WILLIAM, early settler and mer chant, was a native of Virginia, born in 1792, and died May 20, 1873, in Selma. He came to Selma about 1820, built a small log house and opened a store, but soon moved into a plank building. He left many descendants. Last residence: Selma. JOHNSON, WILLIAM, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution. "On the 23rd inst, at the residence of his son, Lewis Johnson, in this county, William Johnson, a soldier of the Revolution, in the 87th year of his age. He was a native of Edgefield District, South Caro lina, and had resided in this state for a number of years." — The Dallas Gazette, Cahaba, Ala., April 28, 1854. JOHNSTON, BURKE, lawyer; living in 1913. Residence: Uniontown. JOHNSTON, B. F., member of the constitu tional convention of 1875, from Macon County. JOHNSTON, BURRELL, member of the con stitutional convention of 1875, from Hale County. JOHNSTON, CHARLES B., major, 21st Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. JOHNSTON, CHARLES C, superintendent of education of Perry County; living in 1913. Residence: Marion. JOHNSTON, CLIFTON CARRELL, lawyer and legislator, was born May 19, 1866, at Sum merfield, Dallas County; son of Dr. William Sample and Margaret Ann Graham (Carrell) Johnston, the former a native of Mecklenburg County, N. C, who removed to Summerfield; grandson of Nathan Butler and Janet (Gra ham) Carrell, who came from North Carolina. He was educated in the preparatory schools of Summerfield; in 1890 was admitted to the bar at Marion; since 1894 he has beeen justice of the peace. He was one of the representatives from Perry County in the legislature of 1903. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. He is unmarried. Residence: Marion. JOHNSTON, DAVID, business man, was born January 21, 1847, in Tuskegee, Macon County; son of Dr. John Gerdine and Mary J. (Low) Johnston, natives respectively of Georgia and Alabama, the former a graduate of the medi cal department of the University of Pennsyl vania in 1839, practiced in Tuskegee until the War of Secession, was sent by Gov. John G. Shorter to Richmond, Va., in 1861, to look after the wounded, went to Pensacola, Fla., on the same mission, and was subsequently appointed surgeon to look after the camps, located in Montgomery in December, 1865, and practiced medicine there until his death in 1868; grand son of David Johnston, a physician, who moved from North Carolina to Walton County, Ga., and later to Alabama, where he located in Tus- 916 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY kegee, Macon County, in 1843; great-grandson of Dr. Lancelot Johnston, who came from Dub lin, Ireland, with his brothers, David and John Johnston, and settled in Caswell County, N. C, who was a surgeon in the Revolutionary War, and had a- pair of knee buckles presented him by George Washington. Mr. Johnston was reared in Tuskegee and prepared for college there. He attended the Tuskegee collegiate institute until the beginning of the War of Se cession, and left school when he was sixteen years old to become a sergeant in Co. A, Sixty- third Alabama infantry regiment. He was promoted to sergeant major; was captured at Blakeley; sent to Ship Island and then to Vicksburg, where he was exchanged to be pa roled at Meridian, Miss., in May, 1865. He returned to his home in Tuskegee, and moved to Montgomery in February, 1866. He clerked in a store and farmed until 1896, and in Febru ary of that year was appointed by Gov. Oates to fill an unexpired term as circuit clerk. In 1898, he was elected to the same office, carrying every precinct in the county. He is ex-officio deputy clerk of the city court, criminal di vision and is a member of the National Union. Married: in 1876, to Alice Judkins, who died in 1900 daughter of William T. and Sallie Judkins. Children: 1. Allie May; 2. Nettie D.; 3. Sarah T. Residence: Montgomery. JOHNSTON, EDWARD DOUGLAS, farmer and lawyer, was born August 7, 1874, at Selma; son of Joseph Forney and Theresa Virginia (Hooper) Johnston (q. v.). He was prepared in public and private schools of Birmingham; was graduated from the University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., A'. M., 1894; and at tended law school at the University of Ala bama in 1894. He was admitted to the bar prior to his graduation, and practiced law, 1894- 1899. Since that time he has engaged in farm ing He was assistant prosecuting attorney of Jefferson County, 1898-1899; and was elected to the State legislature from Madison County, 1915. During the Spanish American War, he served as adjutant and first lieutenant of Co. K, First Alabama volunteers, and later as cap tain of Co. C, Third Alabama volunteers. He is a Democrat and an Episcopalian. Married: September 30, 1907, at Cincinnati, O., to Mary Warfield Clay, daughter of Brutus Junius and Pattie A. (Field) Clay, of Richmond, Ky.; granddaughter of Cassius Marcellus Clay, a member of the famous Kentucky family of that name. Mrs. Johnston is also related to the Warfields of Maryland, the Goodloes and Ir- wins of Kentucky, and the Fields, Burgesses, Lewises, and Clarkes of Virginia. Children: 1. Douglas; 2. Clay; 3. Theresa Virginia; 4. Charlotte Elizabeth. Residence: Huntsville. JOHNSTON, EWART, lawyer and fruit grower, was born September 13, 1889, in Bir mingham; son of Robert Daniel Johnston (q. v.) and Mrs. Lizzie J. (Evans) Johnston (q. v.). He was educated in the public schools and in the Webb school, Birmingham; at Bell Buckle, Tenn.; Marion institute, Marion; and the Boy's Latin school, Baltimore, Md. He graduated in law at the University of Vir ginia, 1913, and practiced in Birmingham for a short period. Later he removed to near Winchester, Va., where he conducts an apple orchard, and fruit farm. After eight months border service in Texas, as second lieutenant, 2nd Virginia infantry regiment he became first lieutenant and A. D. C, 58th Infantry brigade, captain in command of Co. L, 116th infantry, A. E. F., and served in the French sector, Al sace, and was in the Argonne offensive. He was awarded a distinguished service cross and received two citations from general head quarters, A. E. F., 1918. He is a Presbyterian and Democrat. Unmarried. Residence: Win chester, Va. JOHNSTON, GEORGE DOHERTY, lawyer, politician, brigadier general, C. S. Army, was born May 30, 1832, at Hillsborough, Orange County, N. C, and died December 8, 1910, at Tuscaloosa; son ot George Mulhollan and Eliza Mary (Bond) Johnston, the former a native of Orange County, N. C, removing to Greensboro, in 1834, where he died a short time later, the latter originally of North Carolina and Ten nessee; grandson of George and Mary (Mul hollan) Johnston, and of William and Frances Wilson (Doherty) Bond; great-grandson of Charles and Mary (McCauley) Johnston of North Carolina and of George and Mrs. Mary (Freeman) Burke Doherty, the former a ma jor in the 6th Continental regiment of North Carolina in the American Revolution, a na tive of Ireland, and an original member of the Society of the Cincinnati, the latter the widow of Gov. Thomas Burke of North Carolina; great-great-grandson of George Johnston and wife, a Miss Wilson, originally Scotch Presby terians who moved to Ireland, emigrating to Tennessee in 1738, settling in Orange county, N. C, in 1740; and of Capt. Robert and Tabitha (Wilson) Freeman, of Norfolk, Va. General Johnston's education was received at a private school in Marion, and at Marion seminary; graduated from Howard college, A. B., and A. M., 1848; and in the law department, Cumber land university, Lebanon, Tenn., 1852. He be gan the practice of law at Marion in 1854, con tinuing there until the outbreak of the war in 1861. He was mayor of the town, 1856, and a member of the general assembly, 1857-58. He entered the Confederate Army, April 15, 1861, as second lieutenant, 4th Alabama infantry reg iment; was at the battle of Manassas; elected major, 25th Alabama regiment, January 25, 1862 was at the battle of Shiloh, April 6-7, 1862, when he was promoted lieutenant colonel; promoted colonel, September 9, 1863; brigadier- general, July 26, 1864; and in the campaign in Tennessee commanded General Quarles brigade composed of the 1st Alabama, 42nd, 46th, 49th, 53rd and the 55th Tennessee regiments consoli dated, and the 48th Tennessee; was in the Car olina campaign, still in the command of Quarles' old brigade; and at the surrender had been ordered to report to Gen. Richard Taylor. He resumed the practice of law at Marion immediately after the war, continuing there until 1871, when he was appointed com mandant of cadets at the University of Ala- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 917 bama, 1871-73; was superintendent South Car olina military academy, Charleston, 1885-90; member, United States civil service commis sion, 1892-93; returned to Alabama and served in the State senate from Tuscaloosa county, 1900. He was a Presbyterian. Married: (1) in 1853, to Euphradia, daughter of Gen. Charles A. and Mary (Peay) Poellnitz (q. v.); (2) in 1865, to Maria, daughter of Maj. I. N. and Jane Polk (Walker) Barnett, of Columbia, Tenn.; (3) in 1876, to Stella (Searcy) Har ris, daughter of Dr. Reuben and Abbie (Fitch) Searcy, of Tuscaloosa. Children: by first wife, 1. George Burke, m. Sallie Pickering, Union- town; 2. son; 3. son; 4. daughter; by third wife, 5. George D., jr. Last residence: Tus caloosa. JOHNSTON, GORDON, lieutenant-colonel, U. S. Army, was born in 1874, in Charlotte, N. C; son of Gen. Robert D. and Lizzie (Evans) Johnston (q. v.). He was educated in the pub lic schools of his native city; at Pantops acad emy, Charlottesville, Va.; graduated A. B., 1896, from Princeton university; honor graduate of the Infantry and cavalry school, U. S. Army, 1903; attended the Royal military riding acad emy, Hanover, Germany, 1907; instructor at the mounted service school, Fort Riley, Kan., 1907- 12. At the beginning of the Spanish-American War he volunteered and served in both infantry and cavalry units and later in the Philippine Islands during the insurrection of certain native tribes following the occupation of the islands by the United States. He entered the regular army in 1901 as second lieutenant of cavalry and has risen to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. During the European War he fought with the 2nd British corps, Ypres sector, 1918, and was in the Vosges sector the same year. From September 26 to November 1, 1918, he partici pated in the Meuse-Argonne battle. He has been awarded the congressional medal of honor, the distinguished service medal, legion de hon- neur (officers) Spanish-American War, Philip pine campaign, Cuban occupation, Mexican bor der and victory medals. He served as mounted orderly to Col. Theodore Roosevelt, 1st U. S. volunteer cavalry, Rough Riders, 1898; com manded regimental scouts, 43rd infantry regi ment, U. S. V., in Philippine Island campaign, 1899-1901; built the telegraph line from Pickit to Cottobatto, 1906; was severely wounded and recommended for the medal of honor in the engagement at Bud Dajo, Jolo, 1906, which was presented by President Taft in 1910; attached to Edgerly mission of American officers to Ger many, 1907; winner of the Plaza cup for offi cers' charges at International military compe tition, New York, 1910, British, French, Cana dian and Belgian teams competing; member of officers' team representing the U. S. Army at the International horse show, Olympia, Lon don, 1911; on duty with 11th cavalry regiment, U. S. Army, during Colorado strike, May to December, 1914; aid-de-camp to Maj. Gen. Leon ard Wood, December, 1914, to July, 1916; adju tant of the 1st senior training camp, Plattsburg, N. Y., 1915; organized the Southern training camp, Fort Oglethorpe, Ga., 1916; commanded 12th N. Y. infantry regiment, N. G., on Mexican border service from July 7, 1916, to January 26, 1917; appointed major, N. A., and adjutant of the 83rd division during its organization at Camp Sheridan, Ohio, August 25, 1917, to Feb ruary, 1918; served with the A. E. F. in France from March 1, 1918, to June, 1919, as follows: graduate, general staff college at Langres; as sistant to chief of staff, 4th corps and 6th corps, for the training of new division; acting chief of staff, 7th corps, in the Vosges sector, and commanded the 7th corps in the name of the commander-in-chief, six days; attached to 1st army corps for staff reconnaissance work and commanded for a short while the 308th infan try of the 77th division in the Meuse-Argonne battle when this regiment had lost all its field officers, October 6-llth; chief of staff, 82nd division, from October 11, 1918, to February, 1919, when this division was ordered to port of embarkation. He received the distinguished service medal and a citation reading: "for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services, showing great ability while chief of staff of the 82nd division in the operations in the Argonne area. The force of his energy and his masterful leadership manifested itself in the crowning successes of the division during the operations of this campaign." He was chief of staff of the 7th division, February, 1919, to December, 1919; appointed assistant chief of staff for military intelligence, central depart ment, 1919. He is a Presbyterian but has no political affiliations. Married: May 25, 1904, in Baltimore, Md., to Anna Julia, daughter of Robert Wilkinson and Julia Watts Hall (Brock) Johnson, descendant of distinguished colonial ancestry. Address: War Department, Washington, D. C. JOHNSTON, JACK W., long-time ticket agent for the Louisville & Nashville office in Birming ham. Deceased. JOHNSTON, JAMES MONROE, Baptist min ister and legislator, was born July 15, 1856, at LaPlace, Macon County; son of Seaborn and Mary Ann (Williams) Johnson, the former was of DeKalb County, Ga., and a Confederate soldier, the latter of Macon County; grandson of Robert and Roxanna (Wimberly) Williams, of Macon County. The family is of Welsh, Irish, English, and Dutch descent. He was edu cated in the common schools and at Wetumpka. He is a Missionary Baptist minister. In 1911 he was one of the representatives from Elmore County in the legislature. He is a Democrat; a Mason; and a Woodman of the World. Mar ried: Catherine Rebecca, daughter of George and Mary (Smith) Ward, of Montgomery County. Children: 1. Fannie Belle, m. H. T. Stacy, Woodlawn; 2. Joseph Monroe; 3. Annie Maude, m. O. L. Gerald, Eclectic; 4. Paul, m. Mattie Collins. Residence: Eclectic. JOHNSTON, JOHN W., major, 47th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. JOHNSTON, JOHN WILLIS, farmer and leg islator, was born November 19, 1846, near Nix- burg, Coosa County; son of George and Eliza beth (Suttle) Johnston, the former a native of 918 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Edgefield, S. C; grandson of Jesse and Sallie Suttle of Centerville, Bibb County. He was educated in Pine Grove and Fishpond acad emies in Coosa County. From 1870-71 he was a clerk in a store; later became a farmer; was justice of the peace, 1880-92. He enlisted in Co. C, 63rd Alabama infantry regiment, Ala bama reserves, C. S. Army; engaged in battles of Spanish Port and Blakely; was captured in the latter battle in 1865 and imprisoned a month on Ship Island. He served in 1903 and 1907 as a member of the legislature from Coosa County. He is a Democrat; and a Primitive Baptist. Mar ried: (1) March 14, 1872, to Elizabeth Matilda, daughter of William L. and Louisa (Russell) Thompson, of Nixburg, Coosa County; (2) De cember 1, 1903, to Alice, daughter of Albert and Sarah (Robbins) Thomas. Children: 1. .Marion; 2. Ida Daisy, m. J. A. Thomas; 3. James L.; 4. Lulu Pearl; 5. Sadie Belle; 6. Carl Lyman. Residence: Alexander City. JOHNSTON, JOSEPH FORNEY, lawyer, gov ernor of Alabama, U. S. senator, was born March 23, 1843, in Lincoln County, N. C, and died August 8, 1913, at Washington, D. C; son of Dr. William and Nancy (Forney) Johnston, who lived at "Mount Welcome," Lincoln Coun ty, N. C, the former a physician of Scotch- Irish descent, the latter a descendant of a Hu guenot family, one of whose members, Jacob Forney, emigrated to America and settled in Lincoln County, N. C; grandson of Col. James Johnston, of the Revolutionary Army, who was a planter on the Catawba River, Lincoln Coun ty, N. C, and of Gen. Peter Forney, who lived at "Mount Welcome"; great-grandson of Gil bert Johnston, who espoused the cause of the Pretender, was wounded at Culloden, fled to America and settled in North Carolina in 1745, his brother, Gabriel Johnston, being the royal governor of the province. Senator Johnston was a brother of Robert Daniel Johnston (q. v.), and of William H. Johnston (q. v.). He was educated in the public schools, and when he was seventeen years of age, moved to Ala bama. He was attending high school at Talla dega when the War of Secession commenced, and on April 21, 1861, he enlisted as a private in the Eleventh Alabama regiment, serving until the close of the war, at which time he was captain of a company in the Twelfth North Carolina regiment. He was wounded four times; at Chickamauga, Spottsylvania Court House, New Market and Petersburg. Re turning to Alabama, he began the study of law in the office of Gen. W. H. Forney, at Jackson ville. He was admitted to the bar in 1866, and in October of that year, moved to Selma, where for seventeen years he practiced law. He moved to Birmingham in 1884, and was presi dent of the Alabama State Bank for ten years, voluntarily resigning in 1894. He was made first president of the Sloss Iron & Steel Com pany in 1887; and for a term was chairman of the state Democratic executive committee. He was elected governor of Alabama in 1896, and was unanimously nominated for a second term, and was elected in 1898. In a primary elec tion held August 27, 1906, he was nominated as an alternate U. S. senator, and on the death of Senator Pettus, he was, on August 6, 1907, elected as his successor in congress. He com pleted that term, and was re-elected to the sen ate in 1909. He was chairman of the commit tee on military affairs, and was active in af fairs in congress at the time of his death. He was a Democrat. Married: August 12, 1869, in Lancaster, S. C, to Theresa Virginia Hooper, daughter of Edward Jones and Amelia (Jones) Hooper, and a great-granddaughter of William Hooper, a signer of the Declaration of Inde pendence. He had three sons, among whom are Edward Douglas, and Forney, the latter a lawyer in Birmingham. Last residence: Birm ingham. JOHNSTON, LIZZIE JOHNSTON (EVANS), philanthropist, president board of control of Alabama boys industrial school, vice-regent Mount Vernon ladies association from Ala bama; was born May 3, 18 — , at Greensboro, Guilford County, N. C; daughter of Peter Gus tavus and Anne Eliza (Morehead) Evans, who lived at New Berne, N. C, captain of a volun teer company of cavalry, and afterwards colo nel of the 63rd North Carolina cavalry regi ment, C. S. Army; granddaughter of Peter and Nancy (Johnston) Evans, of Egypt, N. C, and of John Motley and Anne Eliza (Lindsay) Morehead, of Greensboro, N. C. She is de scended from Juduthun Harper, who served in the Colonial congress and was an officer in the Revolutionary Army. Another forebear was Karenhappuck-Norman Turner, a noted war nurse who had seven sons in the Revo lutionary Army, who rode horseback from her home in Maryland to Guilford, N. C, reaching there just after the famous battle, and saved the life of Colonel Forbes and one of her own sons, and in recognition of her patriotc serv ices throughout that period, a monument was erected to her memory on the Guilford battle grounds. Mrs. Johnston was educated at the Charlotte female college, North Carolina. After removing to Birmingham with her husband and children, she entered actively into the civic, educational and philanthropic activities of that city. Having presented the need for a reform school for delinquent boys to the Ala bama federation of women's clubs, she re ceived the support of that body for legislative action, and was made chairman of the legisla tive committee, authorized to press the passage of a law during the session of 1898-99, making an appropriation, giving a charter, and creat ing a board of control to be composed of seven women, the governor, attorney general, and secretary of agriculture. She achieved her plans, and when the board was organized in 1900, was elected its president and has held that position during the last twenty years. The school was located at East Lake, and is a monu ment to her love of humanity. This was the first State board composed in the main of women. She has been vice-regent for the Mt. Vernon ladies association for a number of years, and has secured and given to the asso ciation a sword that belonged to General Wash ington, which her sons presented in her name; DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 919 a sofa that originally belonged at Mt. Vernon; the famous sash upon which General Braddock was carried from the battle field, which he gave to his aide, Col. George Washington, and on which seven blood stains are still visible; the gift of a bed spread that was made by a rel ative of Mrs. Washington; the gift of the camp bedstead used by General Washington in his campaigns. For fifteen years, she, in association with her husband and Miss Julia Tutwiler, ministered to the spiritual welfare of the pris oners in and near Birmingham, teaching in prison Sunday schools, especially to the con victs who worked in the mines. The greater part of her time, since 1915, has been spent on her apple orchard, near Winchester, Va. She also has a summer residence in Port Dover, Canada. She is a Democrat and a Presbyterian. Married: November 1, 1871, in Greensboro, N. C, to Robert Daniel Johnston (q. v.). Children: 1. Col. Gordon (q. v. ) ; 2. Robert Daniel, jr., m. Margaret Lutkins, Birmingham; 3. Nancy Forney, m. Harvey Frederick Skey, London, Canada; 4. Elizabeth Morehead, m. Maxwell Rufus Berry; 5. Evans, Winchester, 'Va.; 6. Eugene Morehead, m. William Geron- way Eager, Valdosta, Ga.; 7. Capt. Ewart (q. v.) ; 8. Letitia C, m. Capt. Lewis Gerald Firth, England, Residence: Winchester, Va. JOHNSTON, MARY, author, a resident of Ala bama for some years, was born November 20, 1870, at Buchanan, Va., daughter of Maj. John William and Elizabeth (Alexander) Johnston, both natives of Virginia. Her education was received entirely in her father's excellent li brary. With her father she removed to Birm ingham, at the age of fifteen, and while at this place her first book, "Prisoners of hope," 1898, was published. After her second novel, "To have and to hold," 1900, she accompanied her father to New York, later taking up her resi dence at Richmond. The books written by Miss Johnston are "Audrey," 1902; "Sir Mortimer," 1904; "The Goddess of reason," 1907; "Lewis Rand," 1908; "The Long roll," 1911; "Cease firing," 1912; "Hagar," 1913; "The Witch," 1914; "The Fortunes of Garin," 1915; "The Wanderers," 1917. Residence: "Three Hills," Warm Springs, Va. JOHNSTON, MARY ANNE (HOLT), patri otic worker, was born in 1826, in Augusta, Ga.; daughter of William White and Mary Arinton (Ware) Holt, the former an officer in the War of 1812 and judge for nineteen years of the middle district of Georgia; granddaugh ter of Dr. William Holt, of Virginia, a Revo lutionary soldier. She was an earnest worker in the Ladies' memorial association. About 1858 she and her husband moved to Montgom ery County and located on a large plantation, near McGehee's Switch. After the war they removed to Montgomery. Married: in 1853, to William Johnston, son of Archibald Simp son and Agnes Bolton (Ewing) Johnston, the former a native of Kort, Glasgow, Scotland, the latter of Charleston, S. C. Last residence: Montgomery. JOHNSTON, MILUS EDDINGS, Methodist minister, was born July 26, 1823, near Leb anon, Wilson County, Tenn., and died in Octo ber, 1915, at Watertown, Tenn.; son of Oliver Campbell and Hannah Hall (Buckley) John ston, natives of Ireland, who lived in Wilson County, Tenn., and at Wartrace, near Gains- boro, Jackson County, Tenn. He received a limited education under the instruction of William Hall, of Jackson County, Tenn., and became a minister of the gospel. He was con verted at Wartrace Campground, September 12, 1840; received an exhorter's license from the Methodist Episcopal church, August 16, 1845; was licensed as a local preacher, October 28, 1849; was ordained deacon at Shelbyville, Tenn., by Bishop William Capers; was received on trial into the Tennessee Conference, Octo ber, 1851, and assigned to Smith Fork circuit for two years; was in charge of Carthage Cir cuit, 1854-1855, at the end of which time, his health failed. He called for and received the superannuate relation, and moved to Alabama, locating in Madison County. The next year he again entered the itinerant ministry; served on the Vienna circuit for two years; and was suc cessively in charge of the Larkinsville cir cuit, the Madison circuit and Fayetteville station, in the Tennessee circuit. While serving in the latter charge, the Federal army which had taken possession 'of the country after the battle of Shiloh refused to allow him to fill his appointments. He en listed in the C. S. Army; was commissioned captain of a company by Gen. Bragg; was pro moted to major, and later to colonel of the Twenty-fifth Alabama battalion, which com mand he surrendered at Huntsville, in May, 1865. He returned home and re-entered the itinerant work, and a short time later, when the north Alabama conference was organized, became a charter member of the new confer ence. He worked with that conference until he lost his hearing, and accepted the superan nuate relation. He returned to Tennessee in 1909, and was residing with his son, John Alli son Johnston, at the time of his death. He was a Democrat, a Mason, and an Odd Fellow. Married: (1) in 1843, near Gainesboro, Tenn., to Susan Anna Ray, who died in 1853 at Alex andria, Tenn., daughter of John Allison and Louisa (Sweezy) Ray; (2) to Mrs. Finley, daughter of James Hame. Children, by first marriage; 1. Caroline Hollis Jones, d. at Hunts ville female college; 2. Fountain Bascom, m. Maggie Harris, Shelbyville, Tenn.; 3. Melville Burr, m. Adella Campbell, Decatur, Tex.; 4. John Allison, Watertown, Tenn., m. Ida Huff man, deceased; 5. Louisa Parilee, Nashville, Tenn., m. James Thomas Ellis, deceased ; by second marriage; four. Last residence: Water- town, Tenn. JOHNSTON, RICHARD FRANCIS, editor, was born March 17, 1863, at Sparta, Hancock County, Ga.; son of Richard Malcolm and Mary Frances (Mansfield) Johnston, of that place, the former a lawyer, jurist, planter, teacher and author, whose principal works are "Georgia Sketches," "Life of Alexander H. Stephens," and an English literature used ex- 920 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY tensively during the eighties ; grandson of Mal colm and Lucy (Davenport) Johnston of Oak Grove, Hancock County, Ga., and of Eli and Nancy (Hardwick) Mansfield, of Sparta; great- grandson of William Johnston, who served in the Revolutionary War and removed from Charlotte County, Va., to Hancock County, Ga., in 1799; great-great-grandson of Rev. Thomas Johnston, of Dumfries, Scotland, who came to America in 1751, and having been ordained as a clergyman in the Church of England served a parish in Charlotte County, Va., where he died. The Mansfields came to England from Holland during the reign of Elizabeth and were early colonial settlers in New Haven, Conn. He was educated by his father, and at St. Charles col lege, Maryland, where he graduated, A. B., 1881. He studied law under Walter C. Charlton, of Savannah, Ga., and was admitted to the bar in 1884, but not liking the law, he soon gave up the practice. From 1887 to 1890 he was private tutor in the family of the late D. S. Troy, at Montgomery. In May, 1890, he secured a po sition with the "Birmingham News," and be came city editor, and served in that capacity until 1902, when he entered the services of the "Birmingham Ledger" as managing editor. In 1918 he was advanced to the position of associ ate editor, and his duty has been editorial writ ing. He is a Democrat; Knight of Pythias; and a Presbyterian. Married: October 2, 1894, in Birmingham, to Lillian Inez, daughter of John Embry and Josephine Emma (Youngblood) Miles, the former of Welsh, the latter of Eng lish descent, her father being a native of Charleston, S. C. Children: 1. Richard Mal colm, senior captain college cadet corps, Ala bama polytechnic institute, member S. A. T. C, and of the Sigma Nu college fraternity; 2. Eu gene Rhodes, Alabama polytechnic institute, member S. A. T. C, and of the Sigma Nu col lege fraternity. Residence: Birmingham. JOHNSTON, ROBERT DANIEL, lawyer, brigadier general of C. S. Army, was bom March 19, 1837, at Mount Welcome, Lincoln County, N. C; brother of Joseph Forney John ston (q. v.), and of William H. Johnston (q. v.). He was prepared for college at a classical school in Rutherfordton, N. C; attend ed Davidson college for a few months; and entered the University of North Carolina, where he was graduated with second dis tinction, A. B., 1857. He studied law in the University of Virginia, 1860-1861, and left school to enter the C. S. Army before the close of the session. He joined the Rutherford riflemen, a company organized at his home, in April, 1861, and was afterward elected second lieutenant. Six months later he was made cap tain of the company, and in May, 1862, was elected lieutenant colonel of the Twenty-third North Carolina regiment. After the battle of Gettysburg, he was appointed brigadier gen eral. He participated in all the battles of the army of northern Virginia; was wounded at Seven Pines, twice, at Spottsylvania Court House, at Gettysburg, and at Hare's Hill, Va. He was admitted to the bar and commenced the practice of law in Charlotte, N. C, in partnership with Hamilton C. Jones, in the fall of 1865. At the same time, Gen. Johns ton and his partner bought and edited a daily newspaper, "The Charlotte Observer." Some time later, they sold out their interest in the paper, and devoted themselves to the law prac tice until 1887, when Gen. Johnston moved to Birmingham. He served as president of the Birmingham National Bank, 1888-1895; became register in the U. S. land office in Montgomery in 1895, and continued in that position until 1908 ; and after that time promoted investments in mineral and other lands. He is a Democrat, and an elder in the Presbyterian church. Mar ried: November 1, 1871, daughter of Col. Peter Gustavus and Ann Elizabeth (Morehead) Ev ans, who lived on a plantation at New Bern, N. C; granddaughter of Gov. John M. Morehead, of North Carolina. Residence: Birmingham. JOHNSTON, THOMAS, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 75, and a resident of St. Clair County; private Virginia Continental Line; enrolled on July 20, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $40; sums received to date of publication of. list, $72,79. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. JOHNSTON, WILLIAM FRANCIS, lawyer, was born July 19, 1853, in Pickens County; son of Robert T. and Mildred C. (Terry) John ston, natives of South Carolina, the former a lawyer, who came with his parents to Alabama in 1818, who was graduated from Centre Col lege, Danville, Ky., in 1837, and from the Uni versity of Alabama, A. M., located in Pickens County, where he helped establish and taught in Pleasant Hill academy, practiced law, and edited the "Pickens Register," was twice elected to the State legislature, was in charge of the Pickensville female institute, 1858-1861, and 1865-1868; was tax assessor and a colonel in the militia, 1861-1864, was in charge of a school at Mayfield, Ky., 1868-1870, returned to Pickens County and resumed the practice of law, and died in 1877; grandson of David and Sarah (Sutton) Johnston, the former a native of Scotland, who came from that country with his father in 1790, and settled near Versailles, Ky., who moved to Fairfield District, S. C, where he was married, and later moved to Tus caloosa, and of John Wesley and Emily (Tallia- ferro) Terry, the latter a descendant of the Virginia family of Talliaferro, prominent in colonial and revolutionary days; great-grand son of Robert Johnston. He attended schools taught by his father, and assumed the care of his father's family when he was seventeen years old. The next year, he was employed to keep up the minutes of the probate court of Pickens County, and spent his spare time in studying law. He was admitted to the bar in 1872, and in November of that year was elected solicitor of Pickens County, 1876-1886, and was president of the convention which nominated John H. Bankhead for congress. He moved to Anniston in 1887 and formed a law partner ship with John M. Caldwell; became first judge of the city court of Anniston in 1889, by appointment of Gov. Seay; and resigned the "¦¦¦ WKffi""'^''"' "• j. ^t^B ¦-¦ mm MBK^ ">Wi lr 1 !' ' - ' ' ' '¦"-..' ';' ! B'H, --^IP* PP8 1 &' " '"-m [-¦,'. j Bag i 1' ' --*; Ik iiMI DANIEL PRATT, Sh. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 923 judgeship after a short time, to return to his law practice in the firm of Caldwell & Johnston. He has served as president of the school board of Anniston. He is a Democrat and a Presby terian. Married: October 13, 1880, to Eliza beth Blake Weir, daughter of Gen. Andrew Weir, of Pickens County. Children: 1. William Frank; 2. Walter Weir; 3. Edith A. Residence: Anniston. JOHNSTON, WILLIAM H., physician, was born March 28, 1839, in Lincoln County, N. C, and died April 3, 1898, in Birmingham; brother of Joseph Forney Johnston (q. v.), and of Rob ert Daniel Johnston (q. v.). He received his early education from the common schools of the vicinity, and attended Davidson college and the University of North Carolina, leaving the latter institution to enter the C. S. Army. He enlisted in the Hornets' Nest rifles, organ ized at Charlotte, and later became attached to the Twenty-third North Carolina infantry regiment as a sergeant. Six weeks later he was made first lieutenant of Co. K, of that regi ment, and served in that rank for a year, when he was made captain of the company. He was captured at the battle of Gettysburg, and con fined at Fort Delaware and Johnson's Island until his parole in March, 1865. He returned to Charlotte, N. C, and in the fall of 1865 began to study medicine. He attended the medical department of the University of New York, and was graduated in 1867. He practiced in Belle vue hospital for eighteen months, then located In the regular practice of medicine in New York City, where he remained for four years. In 1875, he came south and practiced in Selma for eleven years, then moved to Birmingham in 1886, where he entered a partnership with Dr. Mortimer H. Jordan. He was a member of the Jefferson County Medical Society; of the state board of censors, and served as president and grand senior life counsellor of the Alabama State Medical Association. He was an Episco palian. Married: in 1872, to Kathleen Gage, daughter of Dr. James Gage, of Union, S>. L. Children: 1. Hardee, physician, b. November 1 1874, was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., and from the University of Virginia, M. D., 1895, served as first lieutenant and assistant surgeon in the First Alabama regiment of volunteers during the Spanish- American War, 1898, m. October 30, 1901 m Birmingham, to Daisy Lewis, Birmingham 2 Mary P.; 3. James F. Last residence. Birm ingham. JOINER, GEORGE ALBURTUS, business man; born'october 23, 1843, in Talladega Ta£ ladesa County, and died December 8, 1918, son ofjames Harvey and Jane (Williamson) joiner the former a native of South Carolina lived in Talladega where he was editor of the lai- hadega Reporter and Watchtower and was prominent in the Masons, being Grand High Priest of the Grand Chapter, Royal Arch Ma sons of Alabama in 1878-79-80; and the lat ter who was a native of Mississippi. The an cestors of George Alburtus Joiner were of Scotch-Irish descent. He received his educa tion in the public schools of Talladega and had a certificate of admission to United States Vol. ID— 59 Naval Academy at Annapolis but forewent his original intention at the behest of duty and entered the C. S. Army as a private in Co. B, First Alabama regiment, serving until January 23, 1863, when he was appointed, by Jefferson Davis to the Confederate Naval Academy, graduating sixth in his class of twenty-six in July, 1864. He was one of the officers of the battleship Nashville; in the spring of 1864 became aide to Commodore W. H. Parker, in command of the Richmond; was passed midshipman; and was aide to Wil liam, Buchanan until the surrender at the bat tle of Mobile Bay. At the close of the war Mr. Joiner began his business career as a printer on the Talladega Watchtower, a week ly paper founded by his father and later merged with the Reporter. He next entered into the mercantile business continuing in this line until 1890 when he with others built the first cotton mill in Talladega which is still running. Mr. Joiner was secretary and treas urer of the Talladega Cotton Factory and president of the Joiner Drug Company. He was alderman of the city of Talladega; city clerk; a member of the legislature from Tal ladega County; member of the board of trustees, Alabama School for 'Deaf and Blind for nearly thirty years; and a member of the national organization for teachers of the deaf, attending all conventions. He was a demo crat; a member of the First Baptist Church of which he was senior living member and senior deacon; and a member of the Masons being connected with Zamora Temple, Mystic Shrine, was past grand secretary of the Grand Lodge and Grand Chapter of Alabama, and chair man of several standing committees of the Grand Lodge and Grand Chapter. He was one of the most widely known and distinguished Masons of the state. Married: December 8, 1881, at Talladega to Mary Francis Broad- street. Children: 1. Sarah Enfield, Talladega; 2. Marion Harvey, d.; 3. Jeannette Alabama, d.; 4. Joseph Johnson, d. in infancy; £. Manly Richard, m. Maude McCoy, Talladega; 6. Rachel, d. in infancy. Last residence: Talla dega. JOINER, JAMES HARVEY, newspaperman and merchant, was born November 17, 1819, in Abbeville District, S. C, and died September 6, 1881, at Talladega; son of Sherrod and Sarah (Cobb) Joiner, the former a North Car olinian, who lived at Abbeville, S. C, and in Ashville, the latter who was from Bedford County, Va. He received a common school education, and moved from St. Clair County to Talladega County in 1837. He was a mer chant in that community, and for thirty years was editor and publisher of the "Democratic Watchtower." He was a Democrat; a Baptist; and a Mason, serving as grand high priest of the grand royal arch chapter of Alabama. Mar ried: (1) December 23, 1842, to Rachel Wil liamson, of Tennessee; (2) March 4, 1847, to Caroline McLane, of Limestone County. Chil dren, by first marriage: 1. George Alburtus (q.v.). Last residence: Talladega. JOLLY, JOHN J., major and later lieutenant colonel, 43rd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. 924 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY JONES, ALBERT HAMPDEN, physician, was born June 8, 1822, near Huntsville, and died at Florence, February 8, 1884; son of Frederick and Philippa Augusta (Jackson) Jones, natives respectively of Tennessee, and Alabama, the former a planter in Mississippi; later a physician in Madison County; grandson of Edmond Jones of Murfreesboro, Tenn., and of Isaac and Mary (Spencer) Jackson, of Anson County, N. C, removing to Madison County, in 1817; great-grandson of Samuel Spencer, a Princeton graduate of 1757, who had removed to North Carolina to practice law, was a mem ber of the Provincial congress at Halifax, 1776, a colonel in the Revolution, later one of the superior court judges of North Carolina. Both Spencers and Jacksons originally came from England. Dr. Jones was educated in the com mon schools of his native county, and at Char leston, S. C, 1847-8; graduated from the medi cal department, Transylvania university at Lexington, Ky., M. D., 1849; immediately be gan practice 1850, in "The Reserve," Lauder dale County; retired in 1873 to become presi dent of the Cypress mills co., successor of the ante-bellum Weakley, Martin and co.; director Florence State normal school, 1872-1884; di rector Memphis and Charleston railroad co., during the seventies; served in War of Seces sion. He was a Democrat, and Methodist. Married: February, 1855, at the family seat in Lauderdale County, to Rebecca Anne, daughter of Nathan V. and Mary Thomas (Smith) Bod- die of Alabama, and North Carolina respectively. The Boddies are of English descent. Children: 1. Frederick Fearn, deceased; 2. Susan Hill, m. Lieut. John Robert Price, C. S. Navy, residence Florence; 3. Mary Philippa, State Normal col lege, Farmville, Va.; 4. Percy Rivers, president Cherry cotton mills, Florence; 5. Emmet Lee, m. Annie Rebecca Ford of Montgomery, resi dence, Cumberland, Md.; 6. Louisa; 7. Minnie, deceased. Last residence: Florence. JONES, ALLEN C, planter, and colonel C. S. Army, was born November 7, 1811, at Ever- etts, N. C. ; son of Cadwallader and Rebecca Ed wards (Long) Jones, the former a native of Virginia, was midshipman on the Chesapeake when attacked by the Leopard, 1807, resigned the navy to accept commission in U. S. Army, eventually becoming a colonel, in the war of 1812, served as member of board of internal improvement of North Carolina during the ad ministration of Burton, Iredell, and Owens, was president of the Roanoke navigation com pany and chairman court of common pleas and quarter sessions; grandson of Major Cadwal lader and Mary (Pride) Jones, the former a captain in "The Third Regiment of Light Dra goons," and aide-de-camp to Gen. Lafayette, with the rank of major, participated in cam paign of 1781, the battle of Brandywine, and was present at the surrender of Cornwallis; great-grandson of Frederick and Betsy (Eppes) Jones, of Prince George County, and of Hal- cott and Mary (Briggs) Pride, also of Virginia; great-great-grandson of Peter and Mary (Jones) Jones; great-great-great-grandson of Abram and Mary (Wood) Jones, and great- great-great-great-grandson of Abram Jones, who died in Henrico County, prior to 1689. He is a descendant of Richard Jones, a native of Eng land who emigrated to Virginia in the early part of the seventeenth century. At the first call to arms, Allen C. Jones raised an inde pendent company, the "Greensboro Guards," which after doing garrison duty at Ft. Morgan and Pensacola became a part of the Fifth Ala bama infantry regiment, he being advanced to the rank of lieutenant colonel, commanding it at the first battle of Manassas. When reorgan ization took place in 1862, Col. Jones did not continue in the service. He was a member of the house of representatives from Greene Coun ty, 1851; entered the senate in 1857, serving four years from the district composed of Greene and Marengo Counties. Of his election, Gar rett says that it "was a little remarkable in that day of the old party organizations, and Greene County having a decided Whig ma jority." But his success was owing to per sonal popularity, and to family influences. He was a large land owner in Greene and Hale Counties, and a successful planter. He was a Democrat. Married: June 11, 1845, to Cath erine, daughter of Col. John and Margaret (Chadwick) Erwin (q. v.). Children: 1. Julia Erwin, m. Thomas Ruffin Roulhac (q. v.); 2. Rebecca Long, m. John Nelson; 3. Margaret Chadwick, m. Alfred Benners; 4. Catherine Erwin, m. John Randolph; 5. Allen Cad wallader, m. Maria Lewis; 6. John, d. unmar ried; 7. Robin; 8. Frederick Pride, m. Mary, daughter of Dr. Francis Marion Peterson, (q. v.). Last residence: Greensboro. JONES, AMOS B., educator, Methodist minis ter, was born December 4, 1841, in Randolph- Macon college, Boydton, Mecklenburg County, Va.; son of Rev. Amos W. and Caroline (Blanch) Jones, the former a graduate of Ran dolph-Macon College, a minister in the Metho dist Episcopal church, who lived at Jackson, Tenn., and for forty years was president of the Memphis conference female institute; grand son of Amos Jones, a local preacher of North Carolina, and a native of Lewisburg, N. C, and of Gen. William Blanch, of Virginia. He re ceived his early education at Jackson, Tenn., and attended West Tennessee college, Andrew college, Union university, and East Alabama university of Auburn, leaving the latter insti tution at the outbreak of the War of Seces sion. He returned to his home in Jackson, Tenn., and enlisted in the C. S. Army as sec ond sergeant in the Sixth Tennessee infantry. On the reorganization of the regiment, he was elected captain of, Co. H, and served in that position until the close of the war. He was wounded at Murfreesboro and at Chickamauga. He conducted a farm and renewed his studies until 1869, when he was elected to a professor ship in the Memphis conference female insti tute. He held that position for nine years, and was elected president of the institution in 1878. After holding the presidency two years, he re signed to become president and proprietor of the Huntsville female college. He was licensed to preach in the Methodist Episcopal church in 1873, by the Memphis conference. He is a Ma son, and has served as right worthy deputy DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 925 grand master and as right eminent grand cap tain-general of the grand commandery of Ten nessee. He has been president of the Alabama Y. M. C. A.; is a professor in the Correspond ence university of Chicago; and a member of the American institute of christian philoso phy. The honorary degree of LL. D. was con ferred upon him by the Southwestern Baptist university, at Jackson, Tenn., and the degree of D. D., by the University of Alabama. Mar ried: in 1868, near Aberdeen, Miss., to Mary G. Gates. Children: 1. Amos W.; 2. James T.; 3. Carrie Blanch, deceased; 4. Joseph N., de ceased; 5. Mary Sue, deceased. Residence: Huntsville. JONES, BENJAMIN CLAY, lawyer, was born November 27, 1865, at Jonesboro, Jefferson County; son of Elias Alexander and Elizabeth (Leatherwood) Jones, the former a farmer, and a native of York District, S. C, who settled in boyhood, near Jonesboro, where he resided until 1887, at which time he removed to Athens, Limestone County; grandson of James L. Leatherwood, who lived near Pleasant Hill, Jef ferson County. His early education was ob tained in the Red Mountain academy, near Jonesboro, in Prof. I. W. Hill's school at Pleas ant Hill, and in Birmingham. He graduated from Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn., with the A. B. degree, 1887; read law at home and was admitted to the bar in 1889, entering upon the practice at Bessemer, February 1, 1890, where he practiced in partnership with Thomas M. Owen until 1893. He was judge of the city court of Bessemer from June, 1901, to November, 1903; mayor of Bessemer, October 1, 1916, to date. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Mason; Knight of Pythias. Married: June 25, 1902, at Livingston, Sumter County, to Sarah Dunlap, daughter of John W. and Janie Brad shaw, who lived at Gainesville and Livingston. Children: 1. Bessie Roycraft; 2. Benjamin Clay, jr.; 3. Robert Alexander; 4. Sarah Brad shaw; 5. Mary Morey. Residence: Bessemer. JONES, BENJAMIN RUSH, physician, planter and druggist, was born November 22, 1813, at Lancaster, S. C, and died in Mont gomery, June 26, 1887; son of Dr. Bartlett and Mary Elizabeth (Dunlap) Jones, the former a native of Martinsville, Henry County, Va., who lived at Lancaster, S. C, and Bachelor's Hall, Va., practiced medicine for fifteen years and died at the age of forty-five; grandson of Ben jamin and Elizabeth (Ramey) Jones of Lan caster, S. C, and of Col. Robert and Jean (White) Crawford also of Lancaster, the former a Revolutionary soldier and brother of W. H. Crawford of Georgia. The progenitors of these several families emigrated to the Waxhaw set tlement, S. C, in 1765, coming from Scotland with the parents and grandparents of Andrew Jackson. Dr. Jones was educated in private schools in Lancaster and Camden, S. C, and later entered the South Carolina college, now the South Carolina university, graduating with the degree of B. A. He received his medical and surgical education at the Jefferson medical college of Philadelphia from which he gradu ated with honor in 1837. He first began the practice of his profession in Lowndes County, while living on his mother's plantation, but later he located at Mt. Meigs, Montgomery County, where he resided upon his own planta tion and practiced medicine. A few years later he removed to Montgomery where he practiced with his brother-in-law, Dr. J. Marion Sims, who became a world-famed physician. He pur chased and conducted a drug store in Mont gomery, corner Dexter Avenue and Perry Street. He retired from business, and the practice of medicine prior to the War of Secession, but his hundreds of slaves being freed and his large landed estate unremunerative without this labor, he resumed the practice and rebought his drug business under the firm name of Jones and Reading, later Jones and Cary. He rebuilt a large practice which he retained up to a few months of his death. He was an ardent sup porter of the Southern cause, but being too old for service at the outbreak of war, he allowed his only son, a youth in his teens, to leave the University of Alabama and enter the army where he served four years. Dr. Jones gave liberally to the Confederate cause and was noted for his generosity and charity. He formed a home guard to protect the women and children from Wilson's Raiders when they passed through Montgomery. He was president and director of the Alabama Bible society for several years; a Presbyterian; president, Mont gomery medical association; organizer and president Social medical club of Montgomery. Married: May, 1841, at Montgomery, to Frances Amelia, daughter of David M. and Mary Eliza beth (Barnett) Talliaferro, who lived in Meri wether County, Ga. She was a descendant of Nicholas Meriwether who emigrated from England to Virginia during the reign of Charles II. His son, Nicholas Meriwether, jr., was a member of the house of burgess from Hanover County, Va., 1710-14-25. Children: 1. Frances Amelia, m. Edgar Winter, Montgomery; 2. Eliza Virginia, m. Thomas Marshall Vass, Mont gomery; 3. Lucy Ellen, m. Nicholas Meri wether Marks, deceased, Versailles, Ky.; 4. Susan Theresa, m. Dr. George Piatt Waller (q. v.), Mitylene; 5. Mary Elizabeth, deceased; 6. Benjamin Rush, jr., deceased. Last resi dence: Montgomery. JONES, BUSH, lawyer, was born May 12, 1836, in Perry County, and died September 27, 1872, at Uniontown. His parents came from Virginia to Perry County in 1835. He was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., and A. M., 1859; finished his law studies at Lebanon, Tenn., and began to practice law in Uniontown in 1858. In January, 1861, he en listed in a company from Dallas County which served six weeks at Fort Morgan. He fought at Manassas as a private in the Fourth Ala bama, and later served for some months with that command as lieutenant. He went to Co rinth, where he was elected captain of a com pany from St. Clair, afterward part of the Ninth Alabama battalion. When the battalion was reorganized" he was elected lieutenant col onel, and later was made colonel of the Fifty- eighth Alabama regiment. He led the regiment at Chickamauga when it lost sixty-three per 926 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY cent of its number, and at Missionary Ridge when his horse was killed under him. Prior to that time, the Thirty-second Alabama regi ment had been consolidated with his regiment, and he led the command at Dalton, Rocky Face, Resaca, New Hope, and to Atlanta. He was in temporary command of Deas' brigade at At lanta, and led Holtzclaw's brigade at Atlanta, at Jonesboro and at Spanish Fort, leading his own regiment at Nashville. He was paroled at Meridian. Shortly after the close of the war, he was appointed probate judge of Perry County by Gov. Parsons, and was elected to the office later in the year. He was evicted from office by the reconstruction acts in 1868, and from that time until his death practiced law in Uniontown in partnership with J. W. Rush. At the time of his death, he was on the Greeley electoral ticket. Married: at Uniontown, to Carrie Evans, who died in 1871, a sister of .Mrs. Augusta Evans Wilson of Mobile. He had one child which died in infancy. Last residence: Uniontown. JONES, CADWALLADER, lawyer, soldier, while never a resident of Alabama it is proper that a sketch of this worthy man should ap pear here on account of the prominence of his many descendants who live in Alabama. He was born August 17, 1813, at "Mt. Gallant," Roanoke Falls, Northampton, N. C, and died December 1, 1899, at Columbia, S. C; son of Cadwallader and Rebecca Edwards (Long) Jones. The former, who was born at "Monte Cailoux" near Petersburg, Va., and joined U. S. navy when seventeen years of age, a midship man on the "Chesapeake" when that vessel was attacked by the "Leopard," 1807, resigned the navy to join the army, and became 1st lieutenant, Third U. S. infantry regiment, May 3rd, 1808, was made adjutant under Gen. Wade Hampton and lived at "West Hill," Hillsboro, Orange County, N. C; grandson of Major Cad wallader and May (Pride) Jones, of Prince George County, Va., the former a Revolution ary soldier, and of Lunsford and Rebecca (Ed wards) Long; and a descendent of Richard Jones, of Wales, who emigrated to Virginia in 1680 and whose son, Abram, became the ances tor of Col. Cadwallader Jones. Col. Jones was educated at the school of W. A. Bingham, Hills boro, N. C; graduated at the University of North Carolina when nineteen years of age, and soon afterward began the study of law, enter ing upon the practice in Raleigh in 1834, later removing to Hillsboro. He represented Orange County, N. C, in the general assembly, 1840 and 1842; elected solicitor fourth judicial cir cuit; re-elected twice, holding this or other offices until 1856; removed in 1857 to South Carolina, for the purpose of planting. He raised a company in 1861 for the C. S. Army and was elected captain, became major of the 12th South Carolina infantry regiment upon its organization, rising to be its colonel after the battle of Sharpsburg. Being forced to re sign on account of failing health, he was elect ed without opposition as senator from York, and in 1865 was a delegate to the constitutional convention He was a Democrat; and an Episcopalian. Author: "A Genealogical His tory," 1900. Married: January 5, 1836 at Raleigh, N. C, to Annie Isabella, daughter of Gov. James and Frances Johnstone (Tredwell) TnM, am' th^ E-aC6' Sixth in descent tT°™ John Alden and his wife, Priscilla. Children- 1. Frances Iredell married George Erwin (q. lh ,?' Jlebecca Cadwallader, unmarried; 3 Iredell deceased, captain in C. S. Army m Sina^^ "r f T* J" H" Adams °^oute Carolina, 4. Cadwallader, captain in C S Army, m. Emily Johnston of Raleigh resi dence, Greensboro; 5. Allen, captain in C S Army, m Augusta Porcher of Charleston, S.' U, 6. Johnstone, adjutant-general of North Carolina, m. Bettie Miller, of Charlotte, N C nf \ % ln^L?f Angeles, Cal.; 7. Wilie, colonel ot a South Carolina regiment during Spanish- American War, later brigadier-general of South ht «nn tr0o°P?' m" Annie Caldwell of Colum bia' b. C ; 8. Annie Isabella, deceased, m. Dr Smfn V,*?80,11' 9' Harcott Pride. "amar- 5 pUi1 " ? eo ~edeI1' m- John Strieker Coles of Columbia, S. O, residence Jacksonville, Fla Last residence: Columbia, S. C. JONES, CAPERS CAPEHART, physician was bora December 18, 1846, at Carlowville Dallas County; son of James Capers and Emeline Ini? ™} ? w116!; ^e former a native of Abbe- Z?"® D1^t"Ct' 5- C" later a resident of Rich mond Dallas County, a minister and a Con federate soldier; grandson of Charles S V ??t ^arnha Bi Jones' also of Abbeville Di* tnct S. C, and of Samuel and Martha (Cape- hart) Dennis, of Butler Springs, but formerly of Albemarle County, N. C. Dr. Jones was educated at Center Ridge academy, Carlowville under Professor Thomas J. Dill; graduated in medicine from the Philadelphia university of medicine and surgery, M. D., 1870; entered upon the practice of medicine at Snow Hill, Wilcox County, March 30, 1870; president of tne Medical association of Alabama, 1904-5- twice vice-president of Jefferson County medi cal society; joined Lockharfs battalion, De- Cem^T Jo8',1863' which was !ater reorganized as the 62nd Alabama infantry regiment, and was sergeant of company D. He is a Demo crat; Baptist; Mason; Knight of Honor and ?£\S \°l Pytl£af; 4Mm,ed: (D February 1, IK?1 Sno3 HlU' t0 Marr- daughter of John and Mary (McCondichie) Gulley; (2) Frances Delphine, daughter of John Moore of Camden; (3) Ruby, daughter of J. Eades Gullette of Camden, and (4) Mrs. Ernest Cary of La Grange, Ga. Children: by second wife: 1 Ed gar Allen; 2. Frances Moore, m. W E Perry- man, of Woodlawn; 3. Ethel, m. Sumter Lea, jr., of East Lake; 4. Julia, m. Thomas E. Huey, Last Lake; 5. Mary, m. James E. Parker Birm ingham; 6. F. Wayland, m. Emma Kay, East Lake; and by third marriage; 7, Capers Cape- hart, jr.; 8. De Votie Dill. Residence: Birm ingham. JONES, CATESBY AP ROGER, naval 'offi cer, was born about 1821, in Clarke County, Va and died June 17, 1877, in Selma; son of Gen Roger and Mary Anne Mason (Page) Jones; and grandson of Maj. Catesby and Lettice Cor- bin (Turberville) Jones. He attended the U DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 927 S. Naval academy at Annapolis, and served in the U. S. Navy as midshipman and lieutenant until Virginia seceded from the union. He resigned his commission at that time, and be ing stationed at the navy yard at Norfolk, Va., joined the Virginia state forces, and took part in floating and reconstructing the U. S. steam frigate Merrimac, scuttled on April 19, 1861, by order of Commodore McCauley of the U. S. Navy, commandant of the yard. Lieut. Jones converted the Merrimac into the iron-clad Vir ginia. He was executive and ordnance officer of the vessel, and after the first day's battle with the Monitor, March 8, 1862, when both of his superior officers were wounded, he suc ceeded to command. On March 9, finding the armament ineffective against the Monitor, he made repeated efforts to destroy the latter with his powerful vessel used as a ram. As the Monitor succesfully eluded the steel prow of the Virginia, both vessels withdrew, the Vir ginia to shield her hull, increased her draught, and to make other repairs. As the command ing officer of the vessel was unable to reassume charge, the government at Richmond placed the Virginia under Commodore Josiah Tatnall and made Lieutenant Jones second in com mand. On April 11, 1862, the reconstructed Virginia steamed down to the Roads expecting again to meet the Monitor, but the fleet of U. S. vessels was behind Fort Monroe and did not come out for second trial, and soon after a breakdown in the engine forced the Virginia to return to Norfolk for repairs. On May 8, the Virginia again went down the harbor, to find the Monitor, Naugatuck, Galena, and a number of heavy ships shelling the Confeder ate -batteries on Sewell's Point. On the ap proach of the Virginia, the U. S. fleet retired behind the walls of Fort Monroe, and Lieut. Jones despairing of obtaining an open fight, fired a gun to the windward and took the Vir ginia back to her buoy. After the evacuation of Norfolk by the Confederate forces, the Vir ginia was taken part way up the James River to co-operate with the C. S. Army, but before reaching Jamestown Flats, the pilots refused to venture farther. As the ship was so lifted as to expose her hull and render her unfit for action Commodore Tatnall gave orders to de stroy her, and she was burned on the shore near Craney Island. The crew escaped by marching twenty-two miles to Suffolk and taking cars to Richmond, and Lieut. Jones and Lieut. John Taylor Wood were the last to leave the doomed vessel. Lieut. Jones was placed in command of the defense of the James River, and constructed batteries on Drewry's Bluff, sunk vessels in the channel, and prepared to meet the Monitor, Galena, and other Federal iron-clads, forcing the passage of the River. The crew of the Vir ginia, under Lieut. Jones, barred the Federal fleet, and Richmond was saved. He was pro moted to the rank of commander, April 27, 1863, and ordered to Selma to take charge of the Confederate government works there and to complete the armament of the iron-clad Tennessee. He constructed the machinery and battery, and when the trial of the battle of Mobile Bay in 1864 tested his work, the cap tured Tennessee was found to have an unin jured armor and to have lost of her officers and crew only two killed and nine wounded. After the war was over, he was employed by Peru and Chile in their war with Spain, 1865- 1869, and refused command of the squadron in deference to the feelings of the native offi cers. Married: to Gertrude Tartt. Children: 1. Roger ap Catesby, B. S., 1887, secretary of Central B. and L. association, secretary of Cen tral city real estate company, cashier of the Bank of Selma, president of the Bank of Selma, director of the Estelle cotton mill company, and of the Cawthon mill company at Selma, president of the American bank at Manila, P. I., vice-president of the American safe deposit company at Manila, secretary and treasurer of the American chamber of commerce at Ma nila, and of the American stock exchange at that place, vice-president of the East and West trading and development company, Zambosaga, P. I., vice-president of the Mabry securities company of Selma, and of the Suttle and Jones trading company at Felix, in business at Ham burg and Linden, and president of the Melvin Patterson grocery company at Selma; 2. Catesby ap Catesby, b. January 3, 1870, A. B., University of Alabama, M. D., Baltimore medi cal college, 1893, city physician at Selma, 1895- 1896, instructor, New York polyclinic gradu ate school and hospital, 1897-1899, assistant surgeon to New York ophthalmic and aural institute, eye and ear specialist, New York. Last residence: Selma. JONES, CHARLES POLLARD, lawyer and adjutant general of Alabama, was born June 13, 1858, at Montgomery, and died November 6, 1907; son of Samuel Goode and Martha Ward (Goode) Jones (q. v.). He was educated in Montgomery, and was an alumnus of the Agri cultural and mechanical college at Auburn, and of the University of the South at Sewanee; studied law in office of Jones and Faulkner in Montgomery, and was admitted to the bar in 1881; was a member of the firm of Thomas G. and Charles P. Jones until the latter was ap pointed U. S. federal judge in 1901. Entered law department of the Louisville and Nash ville railroad co., in 1882, as tax representative; appointed assistant district attorney for the same company on December 1, 1890; was di vision counsel for Central of Georgia railway company; captain of "Montgomery Greys" 1888- 1889; and adjutant general of Alabama 1889- 95. He was a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Mason and Knight of Pythias. Married: Feb ruary 10, 1891, in Montgomery, to Elizabeth May, daughter of P. C. and Laura Jane (Mc- Knight) Murphy, of New Orleans, La. Chil dren: 1. Laura Goode; 2. Charles Pollard, a graduate of West Point, 1918, and now a lieu tenant in the U. S. Army. Last residence: Montgomery. JONES, CHURCHILL, farmer, member Ala bama legislature, was born about 1806 in Vir ginia, and died in Texas. He emigrated when a young man to Conecuh County and began teaching school at Gravella; soon entered poli tics and represented his county in the general 928 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY assembly, 1841, 1842, 1843; became a farmer and acquired a good property. He was a Whig. Several years before his death he removed to Texas and the name of his wife is unknown. Children: 1. James Sanford, deceased. Last residence: Texas. JONES, E. N., lawyer and judge. Residence: Camden. JONES, EGBERT J., colonel, C. S. Army, was born about 1820 in Madison County and died at Orange Court House, Va., in 1861; of a family of humble fortune, his father being a farmer. He had but slender educational ad vantages, but finally succeeded, about 1842, in graduating from the law school of the Uni versity of Virginia. He at once began the prac tice of his profession in Athens. In 1844 and 1845 he represented Limestone County in the legislature. When the Federal government in 1847 called for ten new regiments for service in the Mexican War, he raised a company for the 13th infantry of which R. M. Echols be came colonel, Jones M. Withers, lieutenant- colonel, and Jere Clemens, major. After his return from the service he continued the prac tice of his profession in Athens, until 1853 when he removed to Huntsville. Here he and the Hon. James Robinson having formed a partnership, they carried on a large and lucra tive practice until the outbreak of the war. In the meanwhile, during several years, he was a member of the board of trustees of the State university. He was intensely Southern in his political views, and was elected captain of one of the first companies that left Madison County, which became part of the 4th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, on its organiza tion at Dalton, Ga., in April, 1861. He was elected colonel of the regiment, which at once proceeded to Virginia. At some time in the late spring, from causes now forgotten, the officers and men. of six companies of the regi ment petitioned Colonel Jones to resign. His response revealed the nobility of his nature. He showed no emotion to the regiment, but ex pressed his regret that he had not given satis faction, and concluded by saying that he would resign after the approaching battle if the regi ment still desired it The day of battle came, and during its shock and tumult. Colonel Jones sat quietly upon his horse, with his leg thrown carelessly across the pommel of the saddle, and calmly gave his orders, — a sight never to be forgotten by the regiment. Towards the close of the day he was struck in the lower part of the hip with a minie ball, which ranged down to his knee. He was at once borne from the field. His heroism in this battle and his ter rible wound brought about a strange revulsion of feeling in his regiment, and if there ever was a man afterwards idolized by his men it was Egbert J. Jones. He survived his wounds several weeks and died at Orange Court House, Va. His remains were carried to Huntsville and there buried amid a large gathering of people. He was a Methodist. Married: a daughter of William Echols, of Huntsville, but she died a year after, leaving him childless. Last residence: Huntsville. JONES, ELI SPEAR, physician, graduate of the medical department of the University of Alabama, Mobile; licensed to practice by the county board of Jefferson. Residence: Gadsden. JONES, ELLIOTT PRIEST, lawyer, was born October 21, 1819, at Moulton, Lawrence County, and died April 18, 1880, at Fayette; son of Ben jamin and Viney (Wallace) Jones, the former a captain in the Mexican War, a native of Ken tucky, who lived in Moulton and Fayette. His ancestry was of Irish origin. Elliott Priest Jones received a common school education in his native county and began his career by teach ing school. He read law in the office of Ligon and Walker, Moulton, and began the practice at Fayette, in 1844. He was judge of the county court, 1848-50; member State senate, 1850-60; member of the constitutional conventions of 1861 and 1865 and during the latter decade, 1853, 1855 and 1857, was again elected to the senate and served three terms. He voted against the adoption of the Secession ordinance and refused to sign it. Upon the creation of a new county, made up of territory he repres ented, the legislature gave it the name of Jones in his honor. Later the name was changed to Sanford and finally to Lamar. He was a Metho dist; Mason; and Odd Fellow. Married: In Fayette, to L. J., daughter of Mrs. Jane (Brooks) Page, native of Virginia, who located in that county. Children: 1. John W., Confederate sol dier, Phoenix, Arizona; 2. J. B. Jones, mer chant, m. Annie Byars, Fayette; 3. Lucius E„ m. Viola Wimberly, Little Rock, Ark.; 4. Mat- tie O.; 5. R. S.; 6. Mary Alice; 7. Sylvester F.; 8. Frances I., m. G. F. Brown, Columbus, Miss.; 9. C. S., m. Angelo Fern, Steens, Miss. Last residence: Fayette. JONES, FREEMAN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Pickens County; private Virginia Continental Line; enrolled on August 12, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $60; sums re ceived to date of publication of list, $180. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. JONES, GEORGE PRESLEY, lawyer, was born January 11, 1850, near Russellville, and died December 5, 1916, at Florence;' son of Henry Cox and Martha L. (Keyes) Jones (q. v.). Mr. Jones was educated at Florence, and prepared for the bar by Chancellor Keyes, be ing admitted to the bar in 1871. He spent a few months in the office of Col. Josiah Patter son, but in 1872 opened his own office in Flor ence. In 1885 he formed a partnership with the late Judge R. T. Simpson. In 1887 he was made president of the board of trustees of the Flor ence State normal college and held that posi tion for many years.- He was a Methodist; a Democrat; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: Mary Bliss. Children: 1. George Bliss. Last residence: Florence. JONES, GEORGE WASHINGTON, lawyer, was born April 16, 1850, in Madison County, DR. SAMUEL P. SMITH DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 931 and died February 26, 1901, at Guntersville; son of William Brown and Mary Jane (Erwin) Jones, the former who was born April 27, 1817, near Newmarket, and died in 1887, a farmer and landowner who was assistant quartermas ter in the C. S. Army with the rank of colonel, the latter who died in 1893; grandson of George T. and Rebecca (Brown) Jones, who were among the first settlers of Madison Coun ty, the former a native of Scotland who was brought by his grandmother to the United States when an infant, and assumed his grand mother's name, changing his from Tannehill to Jones, and who was a representative from Madison County in the State legislature for several terms. He was educated in the schools at New Market, and was graduated from the law school of Cumberland university in 1874. He located at Guntersville in January, 1875, and began the practice of law in partnership with R. K. Boyd, then secretary of state. He continued in that partnership for six years, then practiced alone for two years, and subse quently was associated with J. G. Winston and J. L. Burke. He is a Democrat; a Presbyte rian; and a Mason. Married: December 24, 1879, in Maysville, to Lavina Chardavoyne, his first cousin, daughter of George Washing ton and Maria Gay (Harris) Jones, who lived at that place; granddaughter of George T. and Rebecca (Brown) Jones; and a direct descend ant of Pocahontas. Children: 1. Birdie Boyd, b. November, 1881, d. August, 1882; 2. Bessie Gay, b. June 26, 1883, Guntersville. Last res idence: Guntersville. JONES, GEORGE WASHINGTON, lawyer, was born October 25, 1865, at Nolin, Hardin County, Ky; son of Samuel Harris and Fanny Evans (Smith) Jones, the former a native of Greenbrier, Va. (now West Va.), and a farmer; grandson of Col. Roger and Sarah (Pendleton) Jones, the former of whom served in the War of 1812 and the Indian Wars, and of Rufus and Diana (Newton) Smith, natives of New York and Massachusetts, respectively. He was educated in public schools of Nolin and at So- nora college, Ky., where he graduated in 1885. He taught in Sonora college and in public schools of Nolin. He later was private secre tary of the late Theodore Welch, general freight agent Louisville and Nashville railroad co., and the late Col. J. M. Falkner of Mont gomery, district attorney of the Louisville and Nashville railroad co., and to the late Col. H. W. Fuller, passenger traffic manager, Chesa peake and Ohio railway. He studied law under Col. Falkner; was admitted to practice by supreme court of Alabama and by the U. S. supreme court; and is district attorney of the Louisville and Nashville railroad co., succeed ing his old preceptor. He was member board of education Montgomery County for 18 years. He is vice-president of the South and North Alabama railroad company, attorney for the Pullman company, the Southern Express com pany, and other corporations. He is a Mason; Knight Templar; Shriner; Knight of Pythias; Odd Fellow; Elk; Knight of Honor; and mem ber of the National Union; and an Episcopalian. He has served as a member of the board of directors of the Chamber of commerce and of the Beauvoir club. Married: December 21, 1892, at Montgomery, to Ruth, daughter of Capt. Charles Washington and Julia Reese (Norton) Norton, of Montgomery; granddaughter of Dr. Samuel Edwin and Julia Gustina (Alston) Nor ton. Children: 1. Roger Alston, attorney at law in practice at Montgomery. Residence: Mont gomery. JONES, GILBERT ERNEST, lawyer, was born February 19, 1886, near Blakely, Early County, Ga.; son of Charles Ernest and Mary (Martin) Jones, the former a native of Hale County, who lived at Colquitt and Damascus, Ga., and taught school in Georgia, Mississippi, Virginia, Missouri, and other states, and served in the C. S. Army throughout the entire War of Secession; grandson of John Haley and Caroline (Colgin) Jones, who moved from Hale County to Mobile, and of Henry Ambrose and Amanda (Davis) Martin, of Ft. Gaines, Ga. He received his early educational training from his father, and later attended the com mon school of Damascus-Kestler, Ga. He learned the printing trade on the "Edison News," Edi son, Ga.; has worked on a number of papers in Alabama; and was one of the founders of the "Clio Free Press," which he edited until 1916. He was one of the founders of the Clio telephone company; and later became sole owner of that enterprise, operating lines in Clio, Louisville, and Ariton. He was a member of the Alabama electoral college of 1909; a member of the Clio town council, 1910- 1912; of the Alabama electoral college, 1913, and served as its secretary; and was elected State senator from the twenty-fourth district. He began the movement for the state publica tion of school text books in 1913, the books to be supplied students at cost, distributed through the education department, the state to own and operate the plant. He is a Demo crat; a Baptist; a Mason; a Knight of Pythias; a Red Man; a Woodman of the World; and a member of the Farmers' Union. Married: July 6, 1915, to Nola Inez, daughter of Neil Monroe and Elcy (Phillips) Mooneyham, of Clio. Residence : Clio. JONES, HARVEY ELLIS, business man, was born April 28, 1842, at Tuscaloosa; son of George L. and Madeline (Clitherall) Jones, of Tuscaloosa; grandson of Frederick Jones of Hillsboro, N. C, and of Dr. George and Caroline (Burgwin) Clitherall, of the "Hermitage," near Newbern, the former a member of the U. S. Army; great-grandson of Frederick Jones, the Royal chief justice of North Carolina. He was educated in private schools; at St. James college, Hagerstown, Md.; and at the Uni versity of Alabama, but did not graduate. He entered the C. S. Army, April 28, 1861, as sec ond sergeant, Co. E, Third Alabama infantry regiment; was promoted to captain, and to as sistant adjutant general of Grade's Alabama brigade. On March 31, 1865, he lost a leg in battle at White Oak Road, Va. After the war, he engaged in various business occupations; was appointed recording secretary to Gov. Thomas G. Jones, serving, 1890-1894; was private secretary to Gov. William C. Oates, 932 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 1894-1896; was a member of the railroad com mission, 1895-1899; adjutant general of the state, 1895-1896; and was appointed State tax commissioner in 1901. He is a Democrat and an Episcopalian. Married: November 24, 1869, at Spring Hill, near Mobile, to Marion, daughter of Bishop R. H. and Margaret (Brown) Wilmer (q. v.). Residence: Mobile. JONES, HENRY A, lawyer; living in 1913. Residence: Tuscaloosa. JONES, HENRY COX, lawyer, was born January 23, 1821, near Russellville, Franklin County, and died June 20, 1913, at Florence; son of William Stratton and Ann Harris (Cox) Jones, the former a native of Amelia County, Va., born in 1798, and died in 1874, came from Virginia in 1813, and located at Huntsville, moved to Franklin County in 1819 and settled on a large plantation near Russell ville; grandson of Thomas Speck and Prudence (Jones) Jones, who lived in Amelia County, Va., the former a colonel in the Revolutionary Army, and of Henry and Judith (Eldridge) Cox, who lived at Huntsville, Madison County; great-grandson of Peter Jones of Dinwiddy County, Va., an officer in the British Army who was sent to America to fight the Indians, and of Thomas and Martha (Boiling) Eldridge, the latter a descendant of John Rolfe and Poca hontas, fourth generation. The ancestors of the Jones family came from Wales. He was raised on a plantation near Russellville, and obtained his early education in the schools of that place, under the instruction of John Wy att Harris; and was graduated from LaGrange college in 1840. He studied law in college under Prof. Tutwiler, and later under Hon. Daniel Coleman of Athens. He was admitted to the bar in 1841 in Franklin County. He was elected probate judge of the county during that same year, and resigned the office after eight een months, to become a representative of Franklin County in the State legislature. He was re-elected to the legislature in 1844, and was sent to the State senate in 1853. He moved to Florence in 1856, and continued his law practice. In 1860, he was a Douglas elec tor, and the following year represented the county at the secession convention, where he refused to vote for or sign the ordinance of secession. Though he was an opponent of se cession, he was elected to the provisional con gress of the Confederate States of America and served in the body for one year. During the war he was engaged in the manufacture of cot tons and woolens under a contract for the Con federate government. After the war, he resumed the practice of law at Florence. He was associated at times with Sidney C. Posey and the Hon. Josiah Patterson. During the re construction period he was chairman of the Democratic central committee for five years. In 1876 he was a Tilden elector, and later in that year he was elected solicitor for the eighth district. He was re-elected to that office for two more terms, holding the position in all for eighteen years. He was a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: October 13, 1844, at Athens, to Martha. Louisa, who died at her home in Florence, May 6, 1887, daughter of George and Nelly (Rutledge) Keyes, who lived in east Tennessee; granddaughter of John Wade and Louisa (Tolbott) Keyes, the former a captain in the Revolutionary Army, serving under Gen. Thomas, the latter a niece of President Mon roe; great-granddaughter of Humphrey and Marcella (Wade) Keyes, who moved to Vir ginia from Massachusetts. The Keyes family came to America from England and first set tled in Massachusetts, where one of them as sisted at the "Boston Tea Party." Children: 1. William Stratton, who served in the C. S. Army under Forrest, and was killed. at Pulaski, Tenn., September 27, 1864; 2. Bertha, m. Lind sey Melbourne Allen, a cotton manufacturer, Phil Campbell; 3. George Presley (q. v.), b. January 11, 1850, near Russellville, admitted to the bar in 1871, became a member of the law firm of Simpson and Jones, is president of the board of directors of the Normal college at Florence, m. Mary Bliss, Florence; 4. Ellen Rivers, Florence; 5. Henry Cox, lawyer at De catur, deceased; 6. John Rather, railroad man in St. Louis, Mo., deceased; 7. Jennie Keyes, m. William Jones Kernachan, Florence; 8. Martha Boiling, m. Thomas Sadler Jordan, Birming ham; 9. Robert Young, doctor of dental surgery, m. Annie Pollard, Birmingham; 10. Wade Keyes, deceased. Last residence: Florence. JONES, HENRY MARTIN, Presbyterian minister, was born February 28, 1820, at Peters burg, Va., and died March 9, 1889, at Arlington; son of Thomas W. and Mary Weatherly (Mar tin) Jones. His family records were destroyed by fire in Wilcox County in 1876. He was edu cated in Virginia and moved to Talladega in 1842. He was ordained as, a Cumberland Pres byterian minister in 1847, and did evangelistic work in Calhoun and Cherokee Counties, where he organized several churches, and in Monte vallo. He moved to Wilcox County in 1862, and in 1878 surrendered his connection with the Cumberland Presbyterian church and united with the Presbytery of south Alabama in Mo bile. He served the Presbyterian churches at Geneva and Laurel until 1887. He was super intendent of education in one of the counties of Alabama. Prior to the War of Secession he was a man of large means, owning property In Montevallo and at Arlington. He was a strong Confederate sympathizer and gave thousands of dollars to the cause. He was a Mason. Mar ried: in 1841, at Petersburg, Va., to Mary Pris cilla Williams. Children: 1. Charles Thomas Roper, b. January 7, 1842, d. August 1, 1860; 2. Richard Timothy, b. December 11, 1845, killed in battle of Antietam or Spartanburg, October 7, 1862; 3. Mary Elizabeth, b. March 9, 1850, d. March 25, 1907, m. P. B. -Lily; 4. Martha Caroline, b. December 7, 1852, d. July 22, 1907, m. Prof. Hayden Albert Finch; 5. Henry Ewen, b. August 2, 1855, d. January 15, 1910, m. Winnie Wilson; 6. Walter R., b. Janu ary 28, 1859, m. Cornelia Jones, Pine Hill, Wil cox County; 7. Charles Richard, b. June 10, 1862, d. April 12, 1890, m. Ellen Price; 8. Leon George, b. June 22, 1865, m. Kate Jane Hig- gins, Talladega. Last residence: Arlington. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 933 JONES, J. W., member of the constitutional convention of 1875, from Morgan County. JONES, JAMES DAVID, physician, was born December 4, 1866, at Lower Peachtree, Wilcox County; son of Henry Robert and Mary Eliza beth (Hestle) Jones, the former who served in Co. B, Thirty-eighth Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army, was twice wounded and since the war has farmed in Clarke County; grandson of David Parham and Martha (Pugh) Jones, and of Isaiah Jeremiah and Eliza (Mixon) Hestle, all of Clarke County, and brother of Robert Isaiah Jones (q. v.). The Jones family emigrated from Virginia to Alabama before 1819. The home of the Jones' is still standing on the James River, and is known as "The Jones Plantation." The Mixons and Hestles are South Carolinians. Mr. Jones received his early education in the public schools at Lower Peachtree; studied two years at the medical department, University of Ala bama, at Mobile; and one year at the Univer sity of Kentucky, Louisville, Ky. He was li censed to practice as a surgeon and physician at Demopolis in 1894. Since that date he has practiced at Sweetwater, and in 1919, was made county health officer of Marengo county. He was elected to the State legislature from that county in 1919. He is a Democrat; a Metho dist; 18th degree Mason; a Knight of Pythias; Woodman of the World; a member of the Ma- Tengo county medical society and the Alabama state medical association. Married: June 27, 1894, at Lower Peachtree, to Alice Algerina, daughter of Nathaniel Julius and Laura (Kim brough) McConnell, of Lower Peachtree; granddaughter of John and Patsy (Caller) Mc Connell, the former a captain in the Revolu tionary War. Children: 1. Henry Robert, m. Elenor Ward; 2. James Caller; 3. Bayliss Algerina; 4. David Lamar. Residence: Sweet water. JONES, JAMES McLEAN, lawyer, was born July 18, 1872, at Greensboro, Hale County; son of Madison and Alice (McLean) Jones, of Greensboro. He was educated in the common schools of Hale County; at the Southern uni versity, Greensboro; Marion institute, Marion; and the University of Virginia; graduated, 1892, from the University of Alabama, with the de gree of LL. B. He entered upon the practice of his profession at Greensboro in 1892, where he has since resided. He was a member of the constitutional convention of 1901, from Hale County; and was three years chairman of the Hale County democratic executive committee. He is a Democrat; and a Presbyterian. Mar ried: August 8, 1894, to Annie Lewis. Resi dence: Greensboro. JONES, JAMES TAYLOR, lawyer, repre sentative in congress and circuit judge, was born in Richmond, Va., July 20, 1832, and died at Demopolis, February 15, 1895; son of Rich ard and Anne Jene (Taylor) Jones of Virginia, who located in Marengo County, in 1834, where Mrs. Jones died in 1840, and her husband in 1872; grandson of Zachariah Taylor, of Car tersville Va. He received his early education in the local schools; entered Princeton univer sity in 1848 at the age of sixteen and gradu ated, A. B., 1852, three years later received the honorary degree of A. M. from this university; entered the law department of the University of Virginia, conducted by the distinguished Professors Minor and Hawthorne, and gradu ated in 1850; and in 1856 entered upon the practice in Demopolis, in partnership with George G. Lyon. In 1861 enlisted as a private in the Fourth Alabama infantry regiment, the first received into active service; chosen captain of Co. D, on the reorganization of the regi ment in 1862 for the period of the war; was in the battles of First Manassas, Seven Pines, Gaines' Mill, Gettysburg and the engagements around Richmond. While in the trenches around Richmond and Petersburg he was as signed to duty by Judge John A. Campbell, then the assistant secretary of war, as judge advocate in the war department in which ca pacity he continued to serve until the end of hostilities. The war over he returned to his home in Alabama on foot, a journey of thirty days. He was a delegate from Marengo County to the constitutional convention of 1865. From 1869 to 1878 he was associated with Frank S. Lyon; in 1872 elected state senator; and in 1874 nominated for congress. In company with Col. J. W. A. Sanford, candidate for attorney- general of the State he made a thorough can vass of the fourteen counties at that time em braced in the 4th district. At the time the po- siton was filled by Hon. Charles Hayes, "who by means of the United States troops, United States marshal and an appropriation of $400,- 000 worth of bacon to the then flooded coun ties of the district, was elected." Mem. Rec. of Ala. p. 480. The State was afterward re- districted and, in 1876, Captain Jones was elected to congress and filled the seat for eight years. In 1892 he was elected judge of the first judicial district without opposition. He was a Mason; an Episcopalian; and in 1892 the first commander of the Alabama Division, United Confederate Veterans. Married: (1) in 1862, to Ida, daughter of A. G. Vaughn; (2) in 1875 to Jennie, daughter of Dr. R. W. Reese of Marengo County. Children: There were thirteen children to these unions. Last resi dence: Demopolis. JONES, JAMES WILEY, business man and Baptist minister, was born June 1, 1857, at South Butler, Butler County; son of William Henry' and Martha Perkins (Rhodes) Jones, the former an Alabamian, who lived at South Butler and at Jones Mills and was a member of Dean's company, Seventeenth Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, serving throughout the four years of the War of Secession; grandson of Elbert and Katherine (Fountain) Jones, who came from Georgia to Alabama, lived in Conecuh, Montgomery and Butler Counties, and of Davis Newton and Amy (Perryman) Rhodes, Georgians, who settled in Butler County. Both grandfathers fought in the Mexican War and in some Indian wars. Their ancestors came from England, settled in the Carolinas, and later moved to Georgia. He attended the common schools of Butler County, and received a 934 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY diploma in vocal music from the Southern musical convention, Auxiliary No. 6, 1877. He has farmed all his life; ran a gin, a grist and a saw mill about nine years; merchandised for eight years; has been interested in an incor porated mercantile company; is vice president of the Repton State bank; moved to Monroe County, 1888, where Jones Mills now stands; was ordained a Primitive Baptist minister in 1887, and has served from one to four churches since that time; and has been moderator of the Antioch association for a number of years. Rev. Mr. Jones served as school trustee, 1881-1910; represented Monroe County in the State leg islature, 1900-1901, 1910-1911; was alderman of Jones Mills, 1909-1910; chairman of the board of education for Jones Mills, 1910; trustee of the Normal college at Troy, 1910. He is a Democrat. Married: December 21, 1876, at Oakey Streak, to Mary Frances, daughter of Richard Singleton and Eliza Salter (Josey) Hughes, of that place, the former a farmer, justice of the peace for sev eral .years, county commissioner during recon struction days, legislator from Butler County, 1878-1879, and a Primitive Baptist preacher for half a century; granddaughter of James and Nancy Josey. Children: 1. James Hous ton, m. Idonia Sawyer; 2. Minnie Ella; 3. Lilla Belle, m. Walter Benjamin Merrill; 4. Marie Anna; 5. Burnie Edward; 6. Alice Ethel; 7. Richard Earle; 8. Henry Thomas; 9. Ralph Lee. Residence: Jones Mills. JONES, JASON G., farmer, was born in 1811, in North Carolina, and died in 1886, in Mont gomery County; son of George Jones, a native of North Carolina who removed to Alabama about 1833, settling in Henry County, where he remained until his death, in 1886. Married: in 1846, in Montgomery County, to Mary J., daughter of David B. Peele, a farmer, native of Georgia, an early settler in Alabama, who lived at different times in Lowndes, Macon, Montgom ery and Choctaw counties, but died in Missis sippi. Children: 1. George, farmer, d. unmar ried; 2. Rebecca, graduate of Judson college, d. unmarried: 3. David Peele, m. Alice, daughter of William Barnes of Barachias; 4. Elizabeth, student at Judson college, d. unmarried; 5. Wil liam Gilmer, m. (1) Cooner; (2) Mrs. Jesse G. Jones, widow of his brother; 6. Jesse Gregory, m. Annie Lee Hudson of Auburn; 7. Mourning, m. Dr. J. W. Killen, New York State. Last residence : Oak Grove. JONES, JESSE M., holding A. B. and M. S. degrees; professor of animal industry. Ala bama polytechnic institute, Auburn, 1913. JONES, JOHN, soldier of the American Revo lution, aged 75, and a resident of Morgan County; private N. C. Continental Line and Militia; enrolled on November 4, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $61.44; sums received to date of publication of list, $153.60. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. JONES, JOHN ARCHIBALD, colonel, C. S. Army, was born April 14, 1831, at Fayetteville, N. C, and died March 20, 1896, in Lexington, Mo.; son of Amos and Elizabeth (Holmes) Jones, the former born in Onslow County, N. C, lived in Fayetteville, N. C, later near Mont gomery, and near Camden, died in Mobile in the summer of 1884, and was buried in Camden; grandson of Lewis and Zarah: (Gregory) Jones, of Jones County, N. C, and of Archibald and Mary (Turner) Holmes, of Fayetteville, N. C, and the great-grandson of Archibald and Eliza beth (Blocker) Holmes, the former was an emigrant from Scotland to Fayetteville, N. C, settling there after the battle of Culloden. John Archibald Jones entered the University of Ala bama in 1851, was graduated therefrom in 1855 with the degree A. B. He was tutor of Latin and Greek in the University in 1855 and 1856; was a member of the Philomathean literary so ciety and of the Delta Kappa Epsilon college fraternity. He was professor of mathematics in the Alabama central female college at Tus kegee from 1856 to 1858. After this be became secretary of the cotton mills at Scottsville, Bibb County, and was holding this position at the opening of the war. In 1862 he was elected captain of a company in Bibb county, which became part of the 44th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S; Army, on its organization at Selma on May 16, 1862. The regiment on its arrival at- Richmond, July 1, was placed in A. R. Wright's brigade. It fought in the second battle of Manassas and then took part in the Maryland campaign. In September, on the pro motion of Maj. W. F. Perry to lieutenant- colonel, Captain Jones was promoted major, and soon after he was promoted lieutenant-col onel on Lieutenant-Colonel Perry becoming colonel of the regiment. In the following win ter the regiment was placed in Law's brigade, in which organization it remained until the close of the war. Lieutenant-Colonel Jones is specially complimented by Colonel Perry in his report of the battle of Gettysburg, as having "behaved with great coolness and courage." Colonel Perry was appointed brigadier-general March 15, 1865, to rank from February 21, 1865. It is impossible from the lack of records, to determine whether Lieutenant-Colonel Jones was promoted colonel on the promotion of Col onel Perry to brigadier-general. In the organ ization of General Lee's army in the Appomat tox campaign, he appears as lieutenant-colonel commanding the 44th Alabama. After the sur render at Appomattox, Colonel Jones returned to Alabama and from 1865 to 1878 he followed the occupation of a farmer in Wilcox County.. He then taught school in various places in Ala bama from 1878 to 1885. During these years, from 1880 to 1882, he was superintendent of public instruction in Hale County. From 1886 to 1889 he was president of the Dalton female college, Dalton, Ga. From 1889 until his death, he was secretary of the faculty of Central col lege, Lexington, Mo. He was a Methodist. Married: May 12, 1856, at Tuscaloosa, to Mary Vincent, daughter of David and Stella (Hough ton) Scott, the former was born in South Caro lina," April 5, 1792, removed, to Jefferson County, where he engaged in mercantile business, also DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 935 followed this avocation in Tuscaloosa and Mar ion, finally sold out this business and estab lished cotton, woolen, flour, and lumber mills at Scottsville, a town named for himself, the latter a sister of H. O. Houghton, of Houghton, Mifflin co., publishers; granddaughter of David and Jane Scott, and of William and Marilla (Clay) Houghton, of Boston, Mass.; great- granddaughter of William Houghton, born in Boston, March 23, 1774, and great-grea,t-grand- daughter of Abraham and Sarah (Divol) Houghton, the former was born in Lancaster, Mass., November 27, 1725, served in the Revolu tion as a private in Capt. Jonathan Whitney's company of Col. Samuel Willard's regiment. His ancestors came from Lancastershire, Eng land to Lancaster, Mass., in the Abigail in 1632. Children: 1. Thomas Scott; 2. Archibald Amos, graduated from the University of Ala bama, 1882, m. Kate Harben, in 1888, lived in Seattle, Washington; 3. Bessie Holmes, Kansas City, Mo.; 4. Paul McConnell, graduated from the Vanderbilt university afterwards profes sor of biology in the same institution; drowned at Woods Hole, Mass.; 5. Elliott Hamilton, m. Martha M. Scarrett, Kansas City, Mo.; 6. Ernest Scott, Kansas City, Mo.; 7. Herbert Vincent, m. Eleanor Buford, Kansas City, Mo. Last resi dence: Lexington, Mo. JONES, JOHN CALIGUA, farmer, mechanic and member Constitutional convention, 1901, was born September 27, 1852, near Center ville, Bibb County; son of William and Sarah Jane (Rotenberry) Jones, who lived near Cen terville. He was educated in the common schools, but received no college education. He has been a farmer; and is now a mechanic. He is a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: Ella Frances Foshee. Residence: Blocton. JONES, JOHN EDMUND, lawyer, was born about 1805, and died about 1854. For many years . he was a Methodist minister, and later in life while retaining that character, added to it that of a lawyer. He was elected to the State senate from Sumter County by a major ity of four votes over Samuel B. Boyd, in 1840. After his term in the senate had ex pired, he was, in 1844, elected solicitor of the Mobile circuit, defeating Percy Walker. In 1847 he was elected judge of the city court of Mobile, and held that office until declining health caused him to retire. Last residence: Sumter County. JONES, JOHN PAUL, physician, was born June 21, 1837, in Brunswick County, Va.; brother of Richard Channing Jones (q. v.). He was prepared for college in the schools of Cam den; was graduated from the University of Alabama, A. B., 1859; and from the New Or leans school of medicine, M. D., March, 1861. He received the degree of A. M. from the Uni versity of Alabama, 1877. In June, 1861, he enlisted in the Wilcox rifles, which were mus tered into the C. S. Army as the escort of Gen. Bragg. He was assigned to the staff of Gen. Jones M. Withers, as assistant surgeon in charge of his escort, with the rank of captain, in 1862. A few months after the battle of Murfreesboro, he was transferred at his own request to the Academy hospital at Chattanooga, where he served as assistant surgeon under Dr. Frank Hawthorn. Dr. Jones succeeded Dr. Hawthorn and was in charge of the hospital during the last year of the War of Secession. When the war ended, Dr. Jones returned to his home in Camden and resumed the practice of his pro fession. He has served as president of the Wilcox County medical society, and was vice- president of the State medical association of Alabama for two years. In addition to the practice of his profession, he has interests in real estate and other investments in Wilcox County. Married: February 14, 1866, to Ca milla Hunter, daughter of Maj. Frank Boy kin, of South Carolina, but at that time a resident of Camden. Children: 1. Thomas War- burton, physician, b. September 3, 1868, was educated in Camden male school and in the University of Alabama, and was graduated from the College of physicians and surgeons, New York City, M. D., 1890, practiced medicine in partnership with his father, m. June 28, 1894, at Selma, Fannie Tipton, Camden; 2. Frank Boykin, planter, b. July 2, 1872, was educated at Camden male school, and at the University of Alabama, was graduated in pharmacy, Co lumbia university, New York, served as mayor of Camden, 1896-1897, m. July 11, 1900, at Cam den, Charlotte Mary Boykin, Camden; 3. James Huestis, physician, b. March 11, 1876, was edu cated at the University of Alabama, and was graduated from Tulane university, M. D., 1901, student at the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1897-1898, Snow Hill; 4. John Paul, jr., lawyer, b. June 10, 1898, was educated at the University of Alabama, at the Alabama polytechnic insti tute, 1897-1898. and at the Vanderbilt law school, 1898-1899, received the degree of LL. B. from the University of Alabama, 1900, was solicitor of Wilcox County, Camden; 5. Wins ton Boykin, physician, b. April 30, 1880, edu cated at the University of Alabama, at the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1897-1898, was graduated from Tulane university, M. D., 1901, practiced at Camden; 6. Richard Channing, jr.; 7. Clement Richardson. Residence: Cam den. JONES, JOSEPH BREVARD, lawyer, was born February 10, 1867, at Montgomery; son of Samuel Goode and Aurora Serena (Elmore) Jones (q. v.). He received his elementary edu cation at Youngsboro and Opelika, and at gram mar school, University of the South; graduated from that institution A. M. 1888; studied law in the office of Jones and Falkner, Montgom ery; licensed to practice law by supreme court, 1890; appointed tax agent of the Louisville and Nashville railroad company, December 1, 1890, a position he has continuously held. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; and a member of the Kappa Alpha college fraternity. Married: December 10, 1912, at Montgomery, to Annie May, daughter of Joseph Wesley and Annie (Savage) Dimmick (q. v.). Residence: Mont gomery. JONES, JOSEPH H., major, 55th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army. 936 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY JONES, JOSHUA, planter, was born, in 1791, in Cumberland County, N. C, and died October, 1866, in Montgomery County. He was a success ful planter, his home being on the Woodley Road, west of Catoma Creek, and distinguished for kindness and hospitality. Besides their own large family they reared several orphans. He was a Baptist and a Democrat. Married: (1) to Charity Miller; (2) to Mary Elizabeth, daughter 61 Lewis Jones, a native of North Carolina who removed to Alabama about 1832 and located in Montgomery County where he established a farm from the virgin forest, the two Jones families were not related. Children: by the first wife, 1. Thomas Isaac, m. Mary Frances, daughter of Norville Robertson and Barbara (Poss) Holloway; by the second wife, 2. David George, a Confederate soldier in Clan- ton's cavalry, and later in the Virginia army, m. Alice, daughter of Christopher ^. Tompkins of Bullock County; 3. William, Confederate .sol dier in Governor Watts' regiment, died in prison from effect of wounds received at the battle of Shiloh; 4. Lewis, Confederate soldier, m. a widow Colley of Bullock County, no issue; 5. John C, member 1st Alabama cavalry, m. Cath arine, daughter of William A. Cook, of Bullock County; 6. James, enlisted in the Confederate Army when sixteen, m. Porterfield, daughter of Christopher Tompkins of Bullock County; 7. Joshua, died young, unmarried; 8. Owen- Greg ory, died young, unm.; 9. Henry Ballard, unm. deceased; 10. Zara, m. Nicholas Barnett; 11. Mary Ellen, m. Julius B. Gay; 12. AmosS farmer, treasurer of Montgomery^ County, missionary Baptist, Democrat, member of Capt. Peter H. McEachin's company, Hilliard's legion, later the 16th Alabama cavalry, which was with Bragg on his Kentucky raid, fought at Chicka mauga, was with Longstreet, and was in all the battles around Petersburg and Richmond, cap tured before the surrender and imprisoned at Newport News until July, 1865, m., in 1868, to Caroline Virginia, daughter of John D. and Charlotte Campbell, natives of South Carolina, removed to Alabama, settling first in Macon County, later in Montgomery. Last residence: Montgomery County. JONES, JULIUS, physician, was born March 5, 1858, in Coosa County; son of J. C. and Angelina G. (Love) Jones, the former a native of Madison County, Tenn.; grandson of Julius and Martha (Walker) Jones, the former a na tive of North Carolina, who immigrated to Madison County, Tenn., where he was a farmer and of Archibald and Isabella P. (Graham) Love, the former a member of a North Caro lina family who removed first to Florida, thence to Talladega County, the latter a member of the well known Graham family, politically prominent in several southern states. After receiving his academic education Dr. Jones read medicine, 1852, with Dr. J. B. Kelly, of Coosa County; entered Vanderbilt university medical school, Nashville, Tenn, 1883 and grad uated valedictorian in a class of three hundred. He began the practice at Rockford, where he has remained. He is a Democrat; Mason; Knight of Pythias; a Baptist; and member of the Kappa Alpha college fraternity. Married: December 12, 1888, at Rockford, to Mattie, daughter of Thomas McDonald, of Rockford. Children: 1. McDonald, deceased; 2. died in infancy. Residence: Rockford-. JONES, LEE, physician; graduate of the medical department of the University of Vir ginia, 1909, and licensed to practice by the State board of medical examiners in 1'910. Resi dence : Selma. JONES, LUTHER CALVERT, accountant, and member Constitutional convention, 1901, was born July 19, 1870, at Pheonix, Lee County; son of G. W. and Nancy A. (Johnson) Jones, who lived at Pheonix, then known as Browns ville. He received a common school education. He is a bookkeeper, and accountant; was a first lieutenant and captain in the Alabama National Guard, formerly known as Alabama State troops; was a member of the constitutional convention of 1901, from Lee County. He Is a Democrat. Married: August 5, 1888, at Pheonix, to Minnie Lee Roquemore. Residence: Pheonix. JONES, MARY WARD (HUTCHINSON), teacher, was born in Greensboro; daughter of Alfred Holt and Virginia (Richardson) Hutch inson, the former a native of Montgomery, who lived at Livingston and was a first lieutenant and acting captain throughout the War of Sec ession; granddaughter of Judge Joseph John stone and Mary Adelaide (Jackson) Hutchin son, the former a Methodist minister, native of Montgomery, who held charges at Mobile, Tus caloosa, and Greensboro, and of Josiah and Anne (Hewell) Richardson of Christian County, Ky; great-granddaughter of James and Cynthia (Clark) Hutchinson; great-great-granddaughter— of Joseph and Sarah (Johnstone) Hutchinson and of Gen. James Jackson, a brilliant Revo lutionary officer. The Hutchinsons were of Scotch-Irish stock. Mary Ward Hutchinson Jones was a pupil of Julia Tutwiler and gradu ated from Tuscaloosa female college. She taught at the head of the department of his tory, at the Livingston normal school during Miss Tutwiler's presidency. Married: in 1884, in Tuscaloosa, to Frederick Houston, son of Capt, W. A. C. and Esther (Houston) Jones (q.v.) of Livingston. Residence: Livingston. JONES, MORGAN D., living author and writer. Residence: Andalusia. JONES, N. A., educator, principal of the high school of Dale County, 1913. Residence: Ozark. JONES, OBADIAH, lawyer, Federal judge in Georgia, and receiver public moneys, was born in Virginia in 1783, died in Athens, May 24, 1825, and is buried on his property, "Spring Hill." He removed to South Carolina, near Newberry Court House, with his parents and only brother, at an early age. Suffering the loss by death of his relative he was left with out data as to his family history. He had no opportunity for schooling, as he was left with out means and compelled to work for his living. His promising intellect and sterling character DANIEL PRATT, Ju. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 939 gained the friendship of Judge Knight, of South Carolina, who assisted in his education, ob tained a school teachers' position for him, in the meantime assisting him in the study of law and finally taking him into partnership. Later he moved to Ogelthorpe County, Ga., but being appointed receiver of public moneys, re moved to Athens, Ga., to transact the business of his office. Later he was appointed to a Fed eral judgeship of Georgia. He was appointed judge in Mississippi Territory, of which Ala bama was then a part, and removed to Athens, where he bought a plantation north of that place called "Spring Hill." He directed the lay- ing-off of Mississippi and Alabama into town ships and sections and represented the U. S. government at the Pontotoc convention when the trade with the Indians was concluded, pur chasing their interest in the lands, and safe guarding the hamper-baskets of money that paid for the same. His honesty and fairness won the confidence of the Indians, and they agreed to his terms for their removal beyond the Mississippi River. Twelve sections of land were given to him by the government in recog nition of these services, which he distributed' among his children. He was also interested with Gen. Sevier of Tennessee in lands in Ala bama, but his papers were lost. A copy of his commission as superior court judge, Madison District, Alabama Territory, is in the collection of the State Archives, and also the, proceeding of the courts which he held. He was a Pres byterian. Married: about 1814, in Asheville, N. C, to Elizabeth Cowden, aunt of Judge Cowden of North Carolina. Children: 1. William Craw ford; 2. Albert; 3. Son, died in infancy. 4. daughter m. Roberts; 5. and 6. two sons whose names are not given, who moved to De Soto County, Miss., 1836, after Judge Jones' death leaving descendants there. Mrs. Jones is buried at Mississippi City. Last residence: Spring Hill, near Athens. JONES, R. A., merchant, was born December 10, 1842, in Madison County; son of Charles Smithson and Delia (Jones) Jones, who lived in Jackson County, the former a native of Vir ginia, who came to Alabama when a young man served in the Florida and Mexican Wars, and was a trustee of the University of Alabama at the time of his death, October 20, 1850; great- grandson of Robert Jones, a Virginian, who served in the Revolutionary War, and was at the battle of Yorktown. He is a brother of Jasper Jefferson Jones, who was major of the Eighteenth battalion of Alabama volunteers, C. S. Army, and solicitor of Jackson County for two terms. The Jones family is of Welsh de scent, and was first introduced in America in 1727 in Brunswick County, Va. Between that date and 1760, five other families, all related, emigrated and settled in the same county. The history of the Jones family has been traced back to Ednowain-Bendew, the chief of the Thirteen Noble Tribes of north Wales and Powys, who died in 1079. Mr. Jones moved to Jackson County with his parents when an in fant; left school at the age of nineteen to enter the C S. Army; enlisted in Co. A, Thirty-third Alabama infantry in May, 1861; participated in Vol. in— eo the battle of Liberty Gap, Bragg's retreat from Tennessee, the battles of Chickamauga, Mis sionary Ridge, Ringgold Gap, Resaca, Rocky Face Ridge, New Hope, Church, Kenesaw Mountain, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Lovejoy, and Franklin; was wounded and captured at Frank lin; and confined to Camp Douglas until the end of the war six months later. He returned to Jackson County and farmed for a year, then established himself in the mercantile business at Bridgeport. He continued in that occupa tion until 1890, and since that time has de voted his attention to his interests in the Bridgeport land and improvement company in which he has been treasurer and a director. He is a Methodist. Married: December 9, 1869, to Eliza C, daughter of Samuel and Jane (Cope land) Glover, natives of England and North Carolina, respectively. Children: 1. Lillie, d. in infancy; 2. Ollie May, m. F. H. Edmunds, of Bridgeport. Residence: Bridgeport. JONES, RALPH ap CATESBY, graduate of the Alabama polytechnic institute, with the de gree of B. S., in 1887; vice-president and treas urer of the Mabry securities company. Resi dence : Selma. JONES, RICHARD CHANNING, lawyer, president, University of Alabama, was born April 12, 1841, in Brunswick County Va., and died September 12, 1903, at Camden; son of Col. John Cargill and Mary Ann (Walker) Jones, who moved from Virginia to Camden, Wilcox County, in 1844, the former a Baptist minister; grandson of Capt. John and Lucy Binns (Cargill) Jones, of Brunswick County, Va., and of Edward and Mary (Warburton) Walker; great-grandson of Col. John Jones of Brunswick County, a member of the Vir ginia house of burgesses, 1772-1775, and president of the Virginia senate, 1787-1788; great-great-grandson of Capt John Jones, son of Maj. Peter Jones, who founded Peters burg, Va., in 1734. He was brother of -John Paul Jones (q. v.). The Jones family were prominent in Prince George and Brunswick Counties, while the Walkers and Warburtons resided at Williamsburg, Va. Through his ma ternal grandmother, Gen. Jones was a member of the Virginia family of Harrisons who gave two presidents to the United States. He re ceived his early schooling in Camden, was pre pared for college in the Camden male high school, and was graduated from the Univer sity of Alabama, A. B., 1859. In 1862, his alma mater conferred upon him the degree of mas ter of arts, and in 1891, the degree of doctor of laws. In January, 1861, he was admitted to the bar and located in Camden to practice, but soon after, as third lieutenant of Camden rifles, Alabama state troops, was assigned to Fort Morgan. Later he became third lieuten ant of Co. C, Forty-fourth Alabama -infantry regiment; was promoted to second and first lieutenant of the company; and was elected captain of Co. E, but declined to accept. Sub sequently he acted as assistant adjutant gen eral of Law's brigade, and served until the sur render. Returning to the profession of law at the close of the war, he continued in the active 940 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY practice until 1890. During that long period he was brigadier-general of the State militia, his commission bearing date, June 4, 1876; and from 1882-1886, he was a member of the State senate. In 1890, he was called by the trustees to the presidency of the University of Alabama, to succeed Gen. Henry D. Clayton, who died in office. He held the office for seven years, and returned to Camden in 1897 to enter again upon the practice of law. While at the University he was professor of international and constitu tional law; and in 1896 he was president of the Alabama bar association. He represented the Twenty-second district in the constitutional convention of Alabama in 1901, and served as a member of the committees on suffrage and elections, and education. The legislature of Alabama, by act approved March 4, 1901, pro vided for the appointment of a commission of three members to take steps looking to the annexation of west Florida to Alabama, and to one of those positions Gov. William J. San ford named Mr. Jones, the other commissioners being William L. Martin of Montgomery, and Samuel Blackwell of Decatur. Mr. Jones took much interest in the organization of the Con federate veterans. In 1894 he was commandant of Camp Rodes, at Tuscaloosa, and at the time of his death, he occupied a similar relation to Camp Franklin K. Beck, at Camden. He was a Baptist, was deacon in his local church, and for years superintendent of the Camden Baptist Sunday school. He was a Democrat; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: October 19, 1864, at Camden, to Stella Hamilton, daugh ter of Francis and Marcella (Hunter) Boy kin, of Camden. Children: 1. Virginius Nalder, d. May 2, 1900, was graduated with dis tinction from the University of Alabama and with honor from the law school of the Univer sity; 2. Stella Boykin, d. July 31, 1872; 3. Reginald Dawson, m. Mrs. Lottie B. Jones, Cam den; 4. Richard Channing, m. Ellen Boykin, Camden; 5. Pauline Washington; 6. Nannie, m. William J. Primm, Camden; 7. Lulu Darring ton; 8. Camilla; 9. Lilian; 10. Lottie, m. W. Maxwell Boykin, Mobile. Last residence: Camden. JONES, RICHARD WASHINGTON, physi cian, was born February 22, 1821, and died January 11, 1886; son of Benjamin Stephen and Jane (Jeffries) Jones, natives of Bruns wick County, Va., who removed to Alabama in 1823; grandson of Stephen and Anna (Clai borne) Jones, of Crooked Run, Brunswick County; great-grandson of Benjamin Stephen Jones; and great-great-grandson of Thomas Jones, a soldier in the Revolution. He was educated in the common schools of Jackson County; at Emory and Henry college, graduat ing about 1844, and at the Pennsylvania col lege of medicine, about 1845; began practice about 1845 at Marion, Va.; removed to Carroll Parish, La., and after the war practiced in Hawkins County, Tenn. He was mustered into service for the Mexican War on June 16, 1846, as captain of Co. F, First regiment Alabama in fantry, and mustered out on May 27, 1847. He served as captain of the "Tiger Bayou Rifles," Carroll Parish, afterward lieutenant colonel and colonel of the 14th regiment Louisiana in fantry; invalided in 1863-64 and saw no more service, except in hospitals. He was a Mason; a Democrat; and a Methodist. Married: (1) July 22, 1847, near Abingdon, Va., to Cornelia Julia, daughter of Thomas and Mary Thurman, of Springfield, Va. and (2) in 1869, to Alice Mitchell, of Rogersville, Tenn. Children: by first wife: 1. Mary Ada; 2. Edward Thomas m. Minnie Bunting, of Bristol, Va.; 3. Richard Paul, d. 1906; 4. Harry Percy, d. in infancy; 5. Rev. Eugene B., of Tangent, Ore.; 6. Ben jamin, d. in infancy, 1861; by second wife: 7. Lelia Mitchell resides at Rogersville, Tenn. Last residence: Hawkins County, Tenn. JONES, ROBERT ISAIAH, lawyer, was born April 24, 1862, at Lower Peach Tree, Wilcox County; brother of James David Jones (q. v.). Judge Jones attended the Montgomery institute in Wilcox County, and studied law at the University of Alabama, 1896 and 1897. He taught school for a short time on leaving the State university in 1897; was admitted to the bar, May 29, 1897, at Camden; served as mayor of Linden, 1915-16. He was judge of the Ma- *rengo County circuit from November, 1916, until the State was recircuited by act of the legislature of 1919. He is a Democrat; a Meth odist; a Woodman of the World; a Mason and a Knight of Pythias. Married: (1) March 7, 1883, at Lower Peach Tree, to Mary Ellen, daughter of George and Ellen (Andress) Wat son of Lower Peach Tree; (2) December 17, 1907, to Mamie, daughter of Roland and Sarah Jane (Etheridge) Kimbrell, Sweet Water, Ma rengo County. Children, by first marriage: 1. Lillian Areola, m. Kamah Gibson; 2. James Albert, m. Janet Hoskins; 3. Bertha Etta, m. Mitchell Keener McConnell; by second mar riage: 4. Charles Virginius; 5. Sarah Eliza beth. Residence: Linden. JONES, ROBERT REYNOLDS, Methodist evangelist, was born October 30, 1883, at Skip- perville, Dale County; son of William Alex ander and Georgia (Creel) Jones, the former a native of Macon County, Ga.; removed to Macon County, and later resided in Dale, Bar bour and Henry Counties; a member of Co. H, 37th Alabama infantry regiment, wounded in the battle of Chickamauga; grandson of Wil liam Jones and of Thomas Creel, of Dale County. These various lines of ancestry were English. He received his early education in the schools of Dale County, and in the high school at Kinsey, Henry County; and spent three years at the Southern university at Greensboro. He was licensed to preach at the age of fifteen and served the Headland circuit of the Alabama conference, Methodist Epis copal church, South, at the age of seventeen. He conducted evangelistic campaigns during his college vacations, and has been engaged in evangelistic work since leaving college at the age of twenty -one. He is a local elder; a Mason; and a Knight of Pythias. He is the author of "Bob Jones' Sermons," "Sowing and Reaping," a sermon to men only; and "The Coming of the Lord," a book of Bible studies. Married: (1) October 24, 1905, at Pine Hill, Wilcox County, to Bernice Sheffield; (2) June DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 941 17, 1908, at Uniontown, to Mary Gaston, daugh ter of Eugene and Estelle (Siddons) Stollen- werck, of Selma and Birmingham. Children by second wife: 1. Robert Reynolds, jr. Resi dence: Montgomery. JONES, ROBERT TINGNAL, planter, was bora October 8. 1815, in Mecklenberg County, Va., and killed May 31, 1862, in the battle of Seven Pines, Va.; son of James B. and Judith Bailey (Hall) Jones, also of Mecklenburg Coun ty, Va.; grandson of Tingnal and Martha (An derson) Jones, of Mecklenburg County, and of Dr. Robert and Wills (Nobbs) Hall, of Hali fax County, N. C, a surgeon in the navy dur ing the Revolutionary War. The Jones fam ily was of Welsh ancestry. He received his early education in Virginia, and graduated at the U. S. military academy, West Point, N. Y.. in 1837, taking the four years' course in three years, was appointed second lieutenant and served in Florida during the Indian Wars. He resigned in 1838 and located upon a plantation in Perry County. He surveyed and constructed the Cahaba and Marion railroad. At the out break of the War of Secession, 1861, Governor Moore tendered him a seat on the military board of the State, with the rank of brigadier- general, which he declined. He was placed in command of a battalion of artillery at Fort Morgan and was appointed colonel of the 12th and 20th Alabama regiments, accepted the for mer, and was re-elected colonel in 1862. He fell at Seven Pines, at the close of the day, while turning the guns of a captured battery on the enemy. He was a Whig; Episcopalian; and Mason. Married: (1) February 8, 1843, at Marion, to his cousin, Lucy Maria, daughter of Harwood and Rachael (Crenshaw) Jones; (2) September 30, 1847, at Marion, to Mary Indiana, daughter of Leonard Henderson and Mary Eliza (Perry) Seawell (q. v.). Chil dren: by first wife, 1. Lucy Maria, m. Thomas Center Ferguson, Selma; by second wife, 2. James Beverly, Selma; 3. Leonard Seawell, de ceased; 4. Mary Frances, deceased; 5. Martha Anderson, Selma; 6. Edward Henry, Richmond, Pa. Last residence: Perry County. JONES, SAMUEL GOODE, legislator, was born September 20, 1815, at Greenway, Bruns wick County, Va., died October 4, 1886, at Win chester, Tenn., and is buried at Sewanee, Tenn. ; son of Dr. Thomas Williamson and Mary Armis tead (Goode) Jones, of Brunswick County, Va., the former was a physician who lived near Law renceville, Brunswick County, Va., and who after many years of practice was accidentally killed by his horse throwing him from his sulky; grandson of John and Lucy Burns (Car gill) Jones, of Brunswick County, Va., and of Samuel and Mary Armistead (Burwell) Goode, of Mecklenburg County, Va. Samuel Goode Jones, was a member of the Alabama legisla ture, 1872-74; captain of the home guards of Montgomery, 1863-65; and military superintend ent of the Alabama and Florida railroad, report ing to the Confederate War department at Rich mond. He was an old line Whig until the dis appearance of that party, when he affiliated with the Democrats. He was a member of the Protestant Episcopal church, and for years was trustee of the Bishop's fund and vestryman of St. John's church at Montgomery and was treasurer of the University of the South. He was a member of the Sigma Phi college fraternity and was one of the founders of the chapter at Williams col lege, Massachusetts. Married: (1) November 8, 1842, to Martha Ward, the daughter of Dr. Thomas and Mary Ann (Knox) Goode, of Hot Springs, Va., (2) in Montgomery, to Aurora, daughter of Benjamin Thomas and Sarah (Bre vard) Elmore; granddaughter of Gen. John Archer Elmore (q. v.). Children: by the first wife, 1. Thomas Goode (q. v.), m. Georgena Caroline Bird; 2. Mary Virginia, m. William Gesner; 3. Samuel Goode, jr.; 4. Lucy Spotts wood, m. F. H. Armstrong; 5. Edwin Francis, m. Bertha Hansford Stubbs; 6. Carter, m. Lou Ellen Calloway; 7. Martha Goode; 8. Charles Pollard (q. v.); by second wife, 9. Samuel Goode, III, m. Mrs. Lucy (Clayton) Gilbert; 10. Joseph Brevard (q. v.), m. Annie May Dim mick; 11. Jackson Scott; 12. George Mason; 13. Franklin Elmore; 14. Edward Elmore. Last residence: Montgomery. JONES, SAMUEL PORTER, Methodist min ister and noted revivalist, was a native of Ala bama born in Chambers County, October 16, 1847, and died suddenly on the train, near Memphis, Tenn., October 15, 1906; son of Capt. John S. and Queeny (Porter) Jones. At the age of twelve, he was carried to Cartersville, Ga.; received his education under private tu tors and at boarding schools; he began the study of law after the War of Secession; was admitted to the bar, 1869, and began the prac tice, but his intemperate habits soon ended his professional career. In 1872, after the death of his father, he reformed, professed religion, studied for the ministry and became a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, South. He was for eight years, 1872-80, pastor of various charges in the north Georgia conference, and for the next twelve years, 1881-93, served as agent of the Decatur orphan's home, which he had founded and established. From the last named date he did evangelistic work over the country, holding revival meetings in almost all cities of the U. S., and in summer months spoke on various Chautauqua platforms. Author: "Sam Jones' Sermons," 1883; "The music hall series," 1886; "Quit your meanness," 1886; "Sam Jones' own book," 1887; "St. Louis series," 1890, and "Thunderbolts," 1895. Mar ried: November 23, 1869, to Laura Adelade, daughter of John H. McElrain, of Henry County, Ky. Children: 1. Mary M.; 2. Annie C; 3. S. Paul; 4. Robert W.; 5. Laura Henry; 6. Julia Baxter. Last residence: Cartersville, Ga. JONES, SIDNEY MORGAN, business man, was born May 18, 1860, at South Butler, But ler County; son of William Henry and Martha Perkins (Rhodes) Jones, both of Ala bama, the former who served in the C. S. Army for four and one half years; grandson of El bert and Amy (Fountain) Jones, of Buena Vista, Monroe County, and of William Rhodes, of Fort Dale, Butler County. Mr. Jones was 942 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY educated in the public schools of Butler County. He was notary public and ex-officio justice of peace, from 1901 to 1904; and was elected to the lower house of the State legislature from Escambia County, 1919. He is a Democrat; Primitive Baptist; and clerk of the Antioch Baptist association. Married: November 18, 1883, at Sandy Creek church, near Cerrogordo, Fla., to Mary Jane, daughter of Augustus Free man and Penelopy Jane Whittle, of South But ler. Children: 1. Clarence Cleveland, m. Kate Taylor; 2. Cecil Sidney, m. Nell Curtis; 3. Carl Henry, graduate of the U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md., 1914,-' 4. Mattie Estelle, m. Henry T. Farish; 5. Grady Whittle. Residence : Atmore. JONES, T. H., Methodist minister; member of the Alabama conference. Residence: Mont gomery. JONES, THOMAS C, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 69, and a resident of Blount County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on April 8, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $64.16; sums received to date of pub lication of list, $192.48. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in Part 3, Vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Blount County, June 1, 1840, aged 82.— Census of Pen- sioners, 1841, p. 148. JONES, THOMAS ELI, business man and legislator, was born October 18, 1846, at Cen ter Star, Lauderdale County; son of Charles Brickie and Sarah (Joiner) Jones, the former a native of Wake County, N. C, who removed early to Lauderdale County, where he lived the rest of his life, and was a justice of the peace and constable for twenty years; grand son of Jesse and Margaret (Johnston) Jones', the former a native of North Carolina, who moved to Alabama in 1828, and of Eli and Mary (Welch) Joiner, residents of Lauderdale County. He was educated in the public schools of his native county; spent eight years in the blacksmith department of the Florence wagon factory; was notary public, 1885-1887; and tax collector of Lauderdale, 1904-1913. He repre sented Lauderdale County in the legislature of 1915. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and an Odd Fellow. Married: September 7, 1876, at Center Star, to Olive Frances, daughter of Alfred Green and Lydia Kennedy (Hamill) Hill, of that place; granddaughter of James and Catherine (Stutts) Hill, the former of North Carolina, later of Lauderdale County, and of Hugh and Elizabeth (Kennedy) Hamill, the former was a Methodist minister, a native of Ireland, who came with his parents to America in infancy. Children: 1. Lydia Ver non; 2. William Franklin (q. v.), m. Kimball Bloodworth, New Decatur; 3. John Thomas; 4. Charles Alfred; 5. Percy Lee; 6. Lucian. Resi dence: Florence. JONES, THOMAS GOODE, soldier, Federal district judge, and governor of Alabama, was born November 26, 1844, at Macon, Ga., and died April 28, 1914, at Montgomery; son of Samuel G. and Martha (Goode) Jones (q. v.), the former a native of Brunswick County, Va., was one of the pioneer railway constructors of the South and was noted for his donations to schools and his devotion to the Episcopal church, died at Winchester, Tenn., near Se wanee, in 1886, and the latter of Hot Springs, Va.; grandson of Dr. Thomas Williamson and Mary (Armistead) Jones of Inverness, Meck lenburg County, Va., and of Dr. Thomas and Mary Ann (Knox) Goode of Bath County, Va.; great-grandson of Colonel John Jones in com mand or a Virginia regiment in the Revolu tionary War, member before and after the war of the Virginia house of burgesses and speaker of that body, and of Samuel Goode, lord lieu tenant of Mecklenberg County, Va., before the Revolution and officer of the line in that war, member of U. S. congress in 1800. The Jones were of Welsh and the Goodes of English ances try. Governor Jones was educated by private tutors and in Montgomery schools, afterwards attending the schools of Dr. Charles Minor and the celebrated Gesner Harrison school near the University of Virginia. In 1859 he entered the Virginia military institute, where he had "Stonewall" Jackson as one among many dis tinguished teachers. He left this institution with the rest of his class in 1862 to enter his country's service, in which in a few months he rose by leaps and bounds to the rank of major in the following order: first sergeant, Co. K, 53rd Alabama infantry regiment; first lieu tenant, and aide-de-camp to Brig. Gen. John B. Gordon, Early's division, Elwell's corps, Army of Northern Virginia; captain and later major and aide-de-camp to Gen. Gordon after the latter's promotion to the rank of major- general, acting A. I. G., when that officer was assigned to Second corps, Army of Northern Vir ginia. After the war in which he was wounded four times, he was commissioned lieutenant colonel and A. D. C. by Governor Houston. He was also captain of the "Montgomery Greys," Co. A, Second regiment, Alabama State troops, and colonel of Second infantry regiment Ala bama State troops, from 1880 to 1890. He re turned to Montgomery after the war and for a short time was engaged in agriculture. He had studied law while in winter quarters in the Confederate Army and now carried on his legal studies in the office of John A. Elmore being one of a class taught by Chief Justice A. J. Walker of Alabama. He was admitted to prac tice in 1866. During 1868 he edited the "Daily Picayune," a Montgomery newspaper. From 1870 to 1880, he was reporter of the Alabama supreme court. He was admitted to practice in the supreme court of the United States in 1876. During that year he was elected alderman of the city of Montgomery and served in that capacity until 1884, devoting much of his time to the study of municipal problems. He was chosen orator for the Confederate memorial day exercises in 1874 and delivered an address which elicited commendation from the entire nation. He was a member of the Alabama leg islature 1884-88, and was elected speaker of the house of the sessions, 1886-88. After an epoch making campaign, he was elected governor of Alabama and took his seat in 1890, being re- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 943 elected for another term of two years at the ex piration of his service. His powers as a fear less and vigorous speaker were generally recog nized and when the Confederate monument on capitol hill at Montgomery was unveiled in 1898 he was chosen to make the historic address. In 1901 he was elected president of the Alabama State bar association and in that same year was appointed by President Theodore Roosevelt Federal judge for the northern and middle dis tricts of Alabama. Owing to his courageous character he was made chairman of the com mittee that was raised to meet the emergencies that faced the people when the city of Mont gomery was visited by an epidemic of yellow fever in 1897. He was a member of the Ala bama constitutional convention, 1901, and left the impress of his legal knowledge in the docu ment that resulted from the deliberations of that body. Governor Jones had established his soldierly reputation during the War of Seces sion, and it was in recognition of his martial qualities as well as his broad Americanism that he was invited to make the oration during the memorial services at the tomb of Gen. U. S. Grant, New York City, in 1902. A stanch Democrat, Governor Jones served his party in many capacities. At one time he was a mem ber of the Montgomery County executive com mittee, and was for four years a member of the State executive committee. He was an Episcopalian, and a trustee of the Bishops fund of this diocese, also a trustee of Hamner Hall school for ' girls. He was a member of the Knights of Pythias and of the Order of Elks. Author: eighteen volumes of Alabama supreme court reports, 1870-1880; a pamphlet, "Last Days of the Army of Northern Virginia," also "Code of Ethics" of Alabama State bar asso ciation. Married: December 20, 1866, in Mont gomery, to Georgena C, daughter of Dr. Mar shall and Carrie (Moore) Bird of Montgomery. Children: 1. Marshall Bird, m. Allie Stickney; 2. Gena Moore, m. (1) Charles F. Holt, son of Gov. Thomas Holt of North Carolina; (2) Rev. Horace T. Owen; 3. Thomas Goode, died in infancy; 4. Martha Goode, m. Thomas W. Cohoon; 5. Carrie Bird; 6. Madeleine Clitherall, died in infancy; 7. Gordon Houston, m. Louise Warford, dec; 8. Lucy Spottswood, died in in fancy; 9. Eliza Clitherall, died in infancy; 10. Thomas Goode, m. Aileen Lee Sparks; 11. Sam uel Goode, deceased; 12. Walter Burgwyn (q. v.); 13. Netta. Last residence: Montgomery. JONES, VINCENT, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 71, and a resident of Shelby County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on May 24, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832 ; payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $23.31; sums received to date of pub lication of list $58.28.— Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. J JONES WALTER BURGWYN, lawyer, was born October 16, 1888, at Montgomery; son of Thomas Goode and Georgena Caroline (Bird) Jones (q v). Mr. Jones received his early education in Miss Gussie Woodruff's private school, the Montgomery grammar school and the Boys' high school; was a student at the Alabama polytechnic institute, 1906-7, and the University of Alabama, 1907-9, graduating with honors from the law department, 1909, with the degree of LL. B. He was admitted to the bar, May 27, 1909, and has been prac ticing in Montgomery since that date, and was elected to the State legislature from Mont gomery County, 1918. Mr. Jones became sec retary to the U. S. district judges for the middle and northern districts of Alabama in 1911, and continues to hold that position; is a member of the National geographic society; of the Ala bama anthropological society; and of the Montr gomery bar association. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a Knight of Pythias; Knight of Khorassan; and a member of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity. He is the author of "The Jones-Burgwyn Family History" and of a num ber of articles appearing in periodical and pamphlet form. Residence: Montgomery. JONES, WILLIAM ALEXANDER CAMP; BELL, teacher, civil engineer and circuit clerk, was born June 17, 1829, at Danville, Casey County, Ky, and died August 17, 1911, at Liv ingston, Sumter County; son of Sandy Elrod and Sophia (Crutcher) Jones, the former a ' native of Lincoln County, Ky., who lived later in Missouri, was a minister of prominence in the Christian church and authority in church history; grandson of John and Ann C. (Cole man) Jones of Lincoln County, Ky., and of Sam uel and Nancy J. Crutcher, of Montgomery County, Mo., whence they had gone from Vir ginia; great-grandson of John and Elizabeth (Elrod) Jones, of Adkin, N. C; and great-great- grandson of John Jones of Wales who settled in Virginia. He received his preparatory educa tion in the public schools of Kentucky, and entered Franklin college, Franklin, Tenn., when fourteen years of age and graduated in 1848. He studied law, but abandoned the prosecution of that profession on account of ill health; entered the civil engineering service, lived In camp for three years, and was a member of the first corps of engineers to survey the North eastern and Southwestern Alabama, now the Alabama great southern railroad. He was superintendent of education of Sumter County for a number of years; president of the board » of trustees, Livingston school for thirty-five years; clerk of the circuit court, Sumter County, 1888-1904; State senator, 1884-1888, and intro duced and secured the passage of the first prohibition bill for Sumter County. He entered the Confederate Army as captain of Company C, 40th Alabama infantry regiment, and was on the staff of Maj. Gen. French, Maj. Gen. Loring, Lieut. Gen. Polk and Lieut. Gen. A. P. Stewart. He was head of the committee of safety during Reconstruction period; chairman Democratic executive committee for a number of years; a Presbyterian; and a Mason. He did editorial newspaper work during the year preceding the war and during the reconstruction period wrote for the "Livingston Journal." Married: Decem ber 2, 1857, at Livingston, to Mary Esther (Houston) McRae, widow of Dr. W. P. McRae, and daughter of Mathew Cyrus and Martha Lyle 944 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY (Gillespie) Houston, of Summerville, Morgan County. Both the Gillespie and Houston fam ilies are descendants of Mrs. John Houston who emigrated from Ireland in 1735. Children: 1. Frederick Houston, m. Mary Ward Hutchinson, of Livingston; 2. Aline, m. Walter A. Sims, of Livingston; 3. Harden Lake, deceased; 4. Het- tie Houston. Last residence: Livingston. JONES, WILLIAM BLEST, merchant, was born February 21, 1841, at Tuskegee, Macon County, and died at Montgomery, January 29, 1910; son of Thomas Blest and Darien (How ard) Jones, the former a native of Newport, Shropshire, England, who emigrated to Amer ica and located at Tuskegee, later removing to Montgomery, and finally to Georgia where he died; grandson of Richard and Margaret (Lee) Jones, also of Newport, and of Joseph and Sophia (Smith) Howard of Cross Keys, Macon County, the former, at seventeen, served in the South Carolina militia during the American Revolution and a member of Brandon's divi sion; great-grandson of William Blest Jones, and of Nehemiah Howard, settled in Elbert County, Ga. and there died. William B. Jones was educated in the public schools of his na tive county. He served in the "Metropolitan Guards," Company F, Third Alabama infantry regiment and promoted first lieutenant during the War of Secession and badly wounded in the battle of Chancelorsville. After the war he reorganized the "Montgomery Greys," and served as captain of that company; and en tered the mercantile business, and was for thirty years a wholesale grocer in Montgomery. He was a Democrat and an Episcopalian. Mar ried: April 21, 1869, in Montgomery, to Martha, daughter of William Cunningham and Mary (Baker) Ray (q. v.). Children: 1. Mary Baker, m. Fern M. Wood, resides in New Jer sey; 2. Martha Darien, m. Samuel J. Cassels, of Montgomery; 3. John Ray, m. Katherine Pierce, of Columbus, Ga.; 4. Carrie Pinkston, m. Junius J. Pierce, of Montgomery; 5. Josiah Morris, m. Louise Huber; 6. Sarah Howard, m. Louis H. Moore of Montgomery; 7. Frances Jackson, m. Harvey H. Sims of Memphis, Tenn.; 8. Willie Blest, m. Frank B. Sale of Mobile. Last residence: Montgomery. JONES, WILLIAM CLARENCE, lawyer, was born November 9, 1845, at Oak Hill, Wilcox County, and died February 3, 1920; son of Joseph Clarke and Julia (McReynolds) Jones, the former a native of Missouri, who lived at Oak Hill, the latter a daughter of William and Phoebe McReynolds, of Allenton, Wilcox Coun ty. His ancestors on both sides were Scotch Irish, who went from Scotland to Ireland, then came to South Carolina before the Rev olution. On his father's side, ancestors fought in the Revolution. He was prepared for col lege in the schools at Oak Hill; attended the University of Alabama, 1863-1864; left school to enter the C. S. Army, joining Co. D, Third Alabama cavalry; served until the end qf the war; attended the University of North Caro lina, Chapel Hill, N. C, graduating A. M., 1868; and was graduated in law at Cumber land university, Columbia, Tenn., LL. B., 1871; taught school in the high schools of Wilcox County for fifteen years, after which he entered upon the practice of law at Camden; was elected to the State senate from the twenty- second district, 1902; was a Democrat; a Re formed Presbyterian. Married (1) in 1877, to Taylor Hines; (2) in 1887, to Annie Bonner Hines, daughter of Robert H. and Sallie Hines, of Rosebud, who came from South Carolina to Alabama. Last residence: Camden. JONES, WILLIAM FRANKLIN, teacher, was born January 9, 1881, at Centre Star, Lauder dale County; son of Thomas Eli and Olive Frances (Hill) Jones (q. v.), the former a native of Atlas, Lauderdale County, who lived at Atlas, Centre Star, and at Florence, was a blacksmith for many years, and served as tax collector of Lauderdale County; grandson of Thomas B. Jones, who moved from Wake County, N. C, to Atlas; and of Alfred Hill, who moved from Moore County, N. C, to Atlas. He attended the rural school at Centre Star until he was thirteen years old, then moved to Flor ence and entered the city schools. He was graduated from the State normal college in 1903 ; attended Summer school of South, 1905; the University of Virginia, 1906-1907; and the Uni versity of Chicago during the summer of 1901. He taught Latin and mathematics in the high school of Gadsden, 1904-1906; was principal of that high school, 1907-1909; and became super intendent of the city schools of New Decatur in 1909. He is a Democrat, a Baptist and a Knight of Pythias. Married: June 30, 1910, at New Decature, to Kimball, daughter or Ben jamin Morgan and Mary (Jones) Bloodworth, who lived at Dadeville. Residence: New De catur. JONES, WILLIAM GILES, lawyer, third Federal district judge, was born November 6, 1808, in Powhatan County, Va. and died in 1883, in Mobile. His father was a planter and a nephew of William B. Giles, representative in congress, 1790-1798, 1801-1802, U. S. Senator, 1804-1815, and later, governor of Virginia. His mother was a Miss Moseley, a relative of Judge A. F. Hopkins. He was educated at Hampton- Sidney college and at the University of Vir ginia, and studied law under Attorney General John Robertson of Richmond, Va. He was ad mitted to the bar in 1830, and practiced law for several years in Virginia. He came to Alabama in 1834, and for a time held a position in the land office at Demopolis. He moved to Erie, the county town of Greene, in 1836, where he formed a partnership with William M. Murphy, and later moved to Eutaw. He represented Greene County in the State legislature in 1843, and in the same year, moved to Mobile, where he practiced with success. He was elected to the State legislature from Mobile County in 1849, and became chairman of the judiciary committee of that body. He was re-elected in 1857. He was a Whig until the dissolution of that party, after which time he gave his sup port to the Democratic party. On the death of Hon. John Gayle, Mr. Jones was appointed judge of the U. S. district court for the south ern district of Alabama, 1858, by President Bu- BENJAMIN P. CRUM DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 947 chanan. When Alabama seceded, he tendered his resignation, and was appointed to the same office under the government of the Confederate States of America by President Davis. He held the office until the fall of the Confederacy. After the close of the war, he was arrested by the Federal authorities and indicted, in the same district court over which he had presided, for high treason against the government of the United States because of his adherence to the Southern cause, but before his case was tried an act of congress was passed, the effect of which was to relieve Judge Jones from further prosecution. He continued his practice of law in Mobile until the time of his death. Married: (1) to Miss Branch of Din widdie County, Va.; (2) to Miss Hobson, daugh ter of Matthew Hobson, esq., of Greene County, sister of Col. Hobson of the Fifth Alabama in fantry, C. S. Army, and a relative of Mrs. Wil liam M. Murphy. Children: 1. Walter, b. April 14, 1839, civil engineer, Danville, Va., lieuten ant, staff of Gen. Samuel Jones, C. S. Army, d. at Bladon Springs, July 7, 1862; 2. M. H., b. July 15, 1845. Last residence: Mobile. JONES, WILLIAM JOSEPH, business man and legislator, was born September 20, 1861, at Allenton, Wilcox County; son of William Bonner and Laura Alice (Walthall) Jones, the former a native of Edgefield District, S. C, later removing from his native state to south ern Missouri in 1815, thence to Wilcox County, in 1819, settling near Allenton, the latter was a native of Virginia; grandson of Joseph and Mary Jones, and of William and Sarah Wal thall, all of whom resided at Allenton. He was educated in the schools at Oak Hill; attended the University of Alabama, 1880-81; and grad uated in 1883 from Sadler Bryant and Strat ton business college of Baltimore, Md. In 1894 he moved to Butler Springs and became pro prietor of the hotel there. He is also a mer chant and farmer. In 1907 he was one of the representatives from Butler County in the leg islature. He is a Democrat; Mason; and a Missionary Baptist. Married: in 1888, to Rosa Eleanor, daughter of Joseph B. and Mary Rosanna McWilliams, who resided at Oak Hill, both of whom were descendants of emigrants from South Carolina. Residence: Butler Springs. JONES, WILLIAM L., farmer and legislator, was born May 14, 1847, at Oak Hill, Wilcox County; son of Samuel L. and Elizabeth B. (McReynolds) Jones. He was educated in the schools of Oak Hill, and attended the Univer sity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. From 1880 to 1884, he was sheriff of Wilcox County. He represented that county in the legislature of 1898-99, 1900 and 1901. He served in Co. H, 3rd Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army. He is a farmer; and a Democrat. Married: December 23, 1869, at Oak Hill, to Mary R. Cole. Residence: Camden. JONES, WILLIAM R., railroad man, was born June 1, 1850, at Tuscumbia; son of John Wesley and Mary Martha (Rather) Jones the former a native of Alabama, born in 1827 m Marshall County, farmer, printer and merchant, who lived at Somerville, Decatur and Tuscum bia, was superintendent of the Huntsville and Decatur railroad, and on the completion of the line, became its agent at Decatur, who was sec ond lieutenant and captain of Co. D, Seventh Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, 1862-1865, a rep resentative in the constitutional convention of 1875, and mayor of Decatur for three terms; grandson of W. B. Jones, a soldier of the War of 1812, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, and one of the first settlers of Marshall County. He received an academic education, and began to learn the railroad business under his father when he was sixteen years old. In 1876, he was appointed agent at Grand Junc tion, later went to Memphis, and from there to New Orleans. In April, 1887, he was appointed agent of the Memphis and Chattanooga rail road at Decatur. While Albert Sidney Johns ton was at Decatur, Mr. Jones served for four months as his private messenger. He is a Methodist; and a Knight of Honor. Married: December 12, 1871, to Matilda W., daughter of- Col. L. S. Banks. Children: 1. Maury Wesley. Residence: Tuscumbia. JORDAN, CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, business man, was born July 31, 1864, at Craw ford, Russell County; the son of Joseph J. and Emeline (Sims) Jordan, the former of Georgia, who lived for a time at Hawkinsville, Ga., but moved to Crawford in 1855, and was a member of Waddell's battery of artillery in the C. S. Army, the latter of South Carolina; grandson of Joseph and Elizabeth Jordan, and of James and Nancy Sims, all of South Carolina. The Jordans were English people, coming directly from the old country to the northeastern part of Georgia. Mr. Jordan was educated at Crawford in the country schools. He is a business man, having farmed for a number of years, and is at present a merchant and in the sawmill business. He was justice of the peace for the Crawford beat from 1898 to 1916; census reporter to farmers' statistics bureau; and was elected to the State legislature from Russell County, in 1919. He is a Dem ocrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Residence: Girard. JORDAN, ISAAC NEIL, business man and legislator, was born February 28, 1858, at Ft. Deposit, Lowndes County; son of Samuel and Nancy (Blackwell) Jordan, the former a na tive of Georgia, the latter a resident of Lowndes County. The Jordans are of Scotch descent. He was educated in the Highland Home school. He is a banker; a merchant; and a planter. He was a representative from Lowndes County in the legislature of 1915. He is a Democrat; and a member of the Christian church. Married: in 1882, to Martha Eugenia, daughter of Wil liam A. and Martha (Dunn) Lightfoot, the former of Mississippi; the latter of Autauga County. Children: 1. Ernest Roscoe, m. Rose D. Bowie; 2. Samuel Lightfoot, m. Louise Col lier; 3. Lucy Neill, m. J. F. Hattemer; 4. Weaver Milton; 5. Davis. Eugene. Residence: Ft. Deposit. JORDAN, JESSE JAMES, planter, was born January 14, 1818, at Milledgeville, Baldwin County, Ga., and died December 25, 1848, at 948 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Shorters, Macon County; son of Green Hill and Elizabeth Taylor (Sanford) Jordan, both natives of Milledgeville; grandson of John and Winifred Jordan who lived in Southampton County, Va., the former enlisted in the Con tinental Army under Capt. Frank Moore in Southampton County, Va., served with that command for three years, later served under Col. Elbert at Savannah, was taken prisoner at the fall of that post, placed upon a British ship and subsequently exchanged, rejoining the American troops and was serving under Gen. Washington at Yorktown when Cornwallis sur rendered, and of Jesse and Martha Sanford of Milledgeville. The founder of the Jordan fam ily in America was Rev. Robert Jordan who came to the Colonies as a chaplain, in 1640. He was an Oxford graduate and two years after arriving, married Sarah, daughter of Winter, who bore him six sons, John, Robert, Dominicus, Jedediah, Samuel and Jeremiah, from whom many families of the name are descended. The Jordans are an illustrious race in England, and are of Anglo-Norman origin. The name is derived from the Norman baptis mal name, Jourdain, probably a corrupted form of the Latin Heriermus, and is well known in Wales, where one of the first settlers was one Jordan de Cantington, one of the companions of Martin of Tours in the conquest of Klunes. The coat of arms used by members of the Jor dan family in the United States, is described: azure, a lion rampant between eight crosses crossilet fitchee, or, the crest is a football proper. Motto: Percussa Resurga. — "When struck down I rise again." Jesse James Jor dan attended school in Milledgeville, Ga., and the University of Virginia. He was a planter, owning extensive lands in Macon County. He was a Democrat and Methodist. Married: March 7, 1839, at Clinton, Jones County, Ga., to Amanda Frances, daughter of James and Elizabeth (Slatter) Billingslea of that place. Elizabeth Slatter married (1) William D. Bunk ley; (2) James Billingslea; (3) James Low- ther. She was the mother of Jesse Bunkley, who when quite a young man left his home in Clinton for New Orleans, and was never heard from again. One Lige Barber, tried to imper sonate him in order to obtain his fortune, dur ing the early '50s, the case being tried in Macon, Ga., with Judge Hardaman on the bench. The trial created a sensation throughout the country, as prior to this, there had been but one such case in American legal annals, and one in England. The court held that the plaintiff was ah impostor. Children: 1. Jesse James, m. Mary Nettles; 2. Elizabeth Amanda, m. Thomas Henry Reynolds, Montgomery. Last residence: Shorters. JORDAN, MORTIMER, planter, was born January 19, 1799, at Oglethorpe, Ga., and died February 19, 1866 in Jefferson County; son of Reuben and Janette (Harvie) Jordan, who lived in the settlement on Broad River in upper Georgia, the former a descendant of Pocahon tas; grandson of Matthew and Julia (Scott) Jordan, who were of English descent and set tled in Virginia, and of John and Martha (Gaines) Harvie, jr., who lived at "Belmont," the former a native of Gargunnock, Stirling shire, North Britain, who moved from Scotland to Virginia and settled in Albemarle County about forty years before the Revolution, who was a friend of Peter Jefferson and a guardian of Thomas Jefferson, and died in 1767, the lat ter a relative of Edmund Pendleton, who moved with her children from Virginia after her hus band's death and settled on Broad River, in Georgia, and was among the original settlers at that place. Mr. Jordan moved to Alabama and became a planter in Jefferson County. Mar ried: (1) to Lucy Gray, daughter of Hezekiah and Frances Collier (Scott) Gray, who lived in Prince Edward County, Va., and later at Tusca loosa, the former a native of Port Tobacco, Md., the latter a sister of Gen. John Scott, and a first cousin of Francis Scott Key; grand daughter of Capt. James and Frances (Collier) Scott, the former of whom was born about 1735, and served in the Revolutionary War; great- granddaughter of Col. Francis Eppes; (2) to Amy Weldon. Children, by first marriage: 1. Charles, killed at the battle of Chickamauga, m. Margaret Sadler of Jefferson County; 2. Flem ing, deceased, m. Julia Sadler, Jefferson County; 3. Margaret, deceased, m. Dr. Joseph Riley Smith of Jefferson County; 4. Martha, deceased, m. Dr. Frank Prince of Jefferson County; by second marriage: 5. Maria, de ceased, m. Chambers McAdory; 6. Dr. Morti mer Harvie (q. v.) ; 7. Sarah, deceased, m. Dr. Nave. Last residence: Jefferson County. JORDAN, MORTIMER HARVIE, physician, was born June 10, 1844, in Jefferson County, and died February 6, 1889, at Birmingham; son of Mortimer and Amy (Welton) Jordan (q. v.). During his boyhood, he worked on his father's farm and attended the common schools of the neighborhood. He spent two years at the Uni versity of Alabama and left school to join the C. S. Army. He enlisted as a private in Co. G, Forty-third Alabama regiment; was made corporal, sergeant, lieutenant and finally cap tain; and served until the surrender. After the war, he began the study of medicine in the office of his uncle, Dr. Nathaniel Hawkins. He attended Miami medical college, Cincinnati, 0., and was graduated in the spring of 1867 at the head of his class, M. D. He began to prac tice medicine with Dr. Hawkins at Elyton, at that time the county seat of Jefferson County. In 1869, he was appointed physician to the Ala bama penitentiary. During the time he occu pied that position, he discovered a prevalence of lame invalid convicts, especially among men of long sentences. He attributed the condition to scurvy and corrected it by a change in diet. In 1873, he located in the infant city of Bir mingham, and built up a practice in addition to his practice at Elyton. In that same year Birmingham was visited by an epidemic of cholera, which taxed him professionally to the utmost limits of his time and strength. After the epidemic, Birmingham grew to a flourish ing city and Dr. Jordan's practice grew with it. He went to New York in 1875, attended the Bellvue medical college, and served for several months as assistant to Dr. J. Marion Sims. He was at various times secretary and censor of the Jefferson County Medical Society, and was twice its president. He was a member of the DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 949 state board of health, 1879-1883; was elected president of the State Medical Association, 1884; was called to fill the chair of materia medica, and therapeutics and clinical medicine, in the Medical college of Alabama at Mobile, 1886, and served through two sessions. Dur ing the larger part of his career, Dr. Jordan was without a partner in his practice. He was associated with Dr. Charles Whelan in 1881, and from 1886 until his death with Dr. W. H. Johnston, who moved from Selma to accept the position. In 1888, the disease from which he suffered acquired such headway that he went to southern California where he remained for several months. Finally, on growing worse, he returned to his home. Shortly before his death he became a member of the Catholic church. Dr. Jordan was author of "A History of the Surgery of Jefferson County," read before the State Medical Association at Huntsville, 1872; "A History of the Epidemic of Cholera in Birmingham," read before the State Medical Association at Selma, 1874, and written for the Cholera Report, on the epidemic of 1873, pub lished by act of congress; "Resuscitation from Chloroform Narcosis by Nelaton's Method," published in the American Practitioner, 1875. and generally copied in the medical periodicals of the United States, and in two French and three German journals; "Treatment of Intus susception of the Bowels by Distensile Ene- mata with the Body of the Patient Inverted," published in the American Practitioner, 1876; "Infantile Diorrhoea," read before the State Medical Association at Birmingham, 1877; "The Transmission of Syphilis by the Male Element of Reproduction to the Mother through the Foetus in Utero," published in the Ameri can Journal of Obstetrics, 1875; "The Treat ment of Post-partem Hemorrhage by Intra uterine Injections of Hot Water," read before the State Medical Association at Selma, 1879; and "A Report on the Epidemic of Typhoid Fever, which prevailed in Birmingham in 1881- 1882," read before the State Medical Associa tion at Mobile, 1882. Married: September 1, 1868, at Elyton, to Florence Earle Mudd, daugh ter of Judge W. S. Mudd. Children: 1. Amy L.; 2. Lula V.; 3. William Mudd, physician, D. February 8, 1873, attended the University of Alabama, was graduated from the College of physicians and surgeons, Baltimore, Md., M. D., 1895, was assistant surgeon with the rank of first lieutenant, in the U. S. Marine hospital service, 1896-1898; now in practice at Birming ham m. December 21, 1897, at Birmingham, to Augusta Sharpe; 4. Mollie M.; 5. Mortimer Harvie b. November 15, 1881, attended the Uni versity' of Alabama, Birmingham; 6. Mattie Prince, deceased. Last residence: Birmingham. JORDAN, MORTIMER HARVIE, physician and captain, American Expeditionary Forces, was born November 15, 1881, in Birmingham, died July 31, 1918, at Evacuation hospital No. 7 and is buried at Coulommiers, Seine, France; son of Dr. Mortimer Harvie and Florence Earle (Mudd) Jordan (q. v.). Captain Jordan re ceived his early education in the schools ot Birmingham, attended the University of Ala bama, 1898-1902, and graduated from the medi cal department of Tulane university with the degree of M. D. He located in Birmingham and made a specialty of skin diseases. He was captain of Co. K, Fourth Alabama infan try regiment, National Guard, from November, 1915, to June, 1916, and commanded that com pany during border service at Nogales, Arizona, June, 1916, to March, 1917. He went overseas during the European War, as captain of Co. K, 167th Regiment, Rainbow Division. After a course of study in France at the staff school in Lorgues, he was transferred to headquarters as intelligence and operation officer. He was wounded on July 28, 1918, by high explosives at the Ourcq River. He was awarded the dis tinguished service cross for extraordinary hero ism near Souian, France, July 16, 1918. See ing a private of his company wounded by shell fire, Captain Jordan left his shelter and rushed to the aid of the wounded. After administer ing first aid he carried him through the terri fic bombardment a distance of one hundred and fifty yards to a place of safety. He was a Dem ocrat; Episcopalian; and a member of the Phi Delta Theta college fraternity. Married: June 9, 1909, in Birmingham, to Lucile, daughter of Judge Zell and Lelia (Dulin) Gaston, of Green ville, Butler County, later of Birmingham; granddaughter of Adam Baty and Sophia (Mc- Mullin) Dulin, and of Zell Gaston; great- granddaughter of Lucius C. and Amanda J. (Rawls) Gaston, of Barbour County. Chil dren: 1. Mortimer H; 2. Lucile Gaston. Last residence: Birmingham. JORDAN, SAMUEL, teacher and Christian minister, was born March 17, 1847, near Fort Deposit, Lowndes County; son of Samuel and Sophia (McFarland) Jordan, the former a native of Georgia, who later located in Lowndes County; grandson of Thomas and Mary Jordan and of James and Flora (McFarland) McFar land, the former a native of Scotland, who lived five miles east of Ft. Deposit, having gone there from Conecuh County to which he removed from Chesterfield District, S. C, in 1814; great- grandson of Peter and Mary (Mc Arthur) Mc Farland, both of whom were also natives of Scotland but who emigrated to Laurel Hill, Richmond County, N. C, and of Neil and Chris tiana (Mclnnis) McFarland, both of whom were born in Isle of Skye, Scotland. Rev. Mr. Jor dan received his early education in the com mon schools of his native county. From 1868 to 1871, he was a student under Prof. Justus M. Barnes, Highland Home college, and the year following, under S. A. Goodwin. During this time, he was preaching and teaching at Strata and Highland Home. In 1898, he was elected president of Highland Home college, and held the position two years. His military record is highly creditable, having served in Hilliard's Legion. He had his horse shot from under him several times and was captured in Kentucky in 1863, and carried to Camp Chase, Ohio, where he was kept until the spring of 1864, and then carried to Ft. Delaware, where he was held until after the surrender. He is a member of the Church of Christ and a preacher in that denomination. Married: September 4, 1872, at Strata, Montgomery County, to Mary El- kanah, daughter of Elkanah and Mary Barnes of that place. Children: 1. Justus, m. Mary E. 950 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Ewing; 2. Rosa, m. Charles W. Landers; 3. Luke; 4. S. E., m. Ivey Ringstaff; 5. Fannie, m. W. O. Bonham; 6. Lucy; 7. Mary; 8. Flora; 9. Ruth; 10. Willie. Residence: Highland Home. JORDAN, WILLIAM CHRISTOPHER, receiv er U. S. land office and farmer, was born July 10, 1834, at Talbotton, Talbot County, Ga.; son of Thomas George and Mary Lovicy (Cham bliss) Jordan, the former a native of North Car olina, who later lived successively at Warren ton, Skitoway Island, Clinton, and Talbotton, Ga., and Society Hill, Eufaula, and Midway, a farmer by occupation who died in 1872 at the age of eighty-five years; grandson of William and Anne (Medlock) Jordan, and of Christo pher and Mary (Taylor) Chambliss, all of War renton, Warren County, Ga. Both William Jor dan and Christopher Chambliss were Revolu tionary soldiers. Mary Taylor was a relative of President Zachary Taylor, the name coming into the family through the mother of the presi dent, a Miss Zachary. The Chambliss family is thought to have sprung from French ancestors. William Christopher Jordan received his early education from his sister, Narcissa, and was later put under the instruction of the male teachers of the locality. Before completing his school life, at eighteen years of age, his father placed him as overseer of the farm, and for three years he was out of school. During 1851- 52, he was a student in the Male institute at Glenville.- He resumed his task as overseer, but two years later was settled on a farm of his own by his father, near Midway, and has re mained there for the past fifty-three years. He was a member of the Alabama legislature, 1884- 85; appointed by President Cleveland as re ceiver of public money in U. S. land office, Montgomery, 1885-89. In July, 1861, he was elected captain of the Militia company from Midway, enlisted in the C. S. Army, Co. B, 15th Alabama infantry regiment, March, 1862, and was made color sergeant. His services for white supremacy following the war were heroic and made a part of the struggle that preserved the civilization of the South. His natural talent for music has been used for church purposes throughout his life. He is a Democrat; and a Baptist. Author: "Some events and inci dents of the Civil War;" sequel to the forego ing, unpublished. Married: February 14, 1856, at Chunnenuggee Ridge, to Anne, daughter of Reuben and Mildred (Cleaveland) Thornton; granddaughter of Reuben and Mary (Alexan der) Cleaveland, and of Reuben and Elizabeth (Allen) Thornton, all of Elbert County, Ga. Children; 1. Mary Theodosia, m. Maj. J. P. Wood, Troy; 2. Mildred Melissa, m. George Mc- Laney, Andalusia; 3. Junia Lorena, m. (1) G. B. Thomas, (2) B. W. Gresham, Prattville; 4. William E., m. Miss Stallings, Midway; 5. Iva Lee, m. Miss Smith, Troy; 6. Lovicy Lillie; 7. Clanton Cleaveland; 8. and 9. Cary and Curry, twins, Troy; 10. Pitt Paulis, Midway; 11. Annie Ellen, m. T. T. Smith, Woodland, Ga.; 12. Robert Robin; 13. Thomas Reuben. Residence: Midway. JOSEPH, EDWIN BOYCE, president insur ance company and banker, was born October 19, 1852, in Montgomery, and died, May 22, 1905, in that city; son of Thomas and Sarah Ann (Riley) Joseph (q. v.). He received his edu cation in a Virginia military school, and at the Alabama agricultural and mechanical college, Auburn. He was president of the Capital City insurance company and bank, 1884-96, founded by his father; president Montgomery street rail way, 1884-88; member of the real "estate firm of Joseph and Dowdell, 1896-1901, the firm being E. B. Joseph & son, from 1901 until his death. He was a member of the city council of Montgom ery; president of the city council, 1895-99; mayor of the city, 1899-1903. He was 1st lieu tenant, Montgomery Greys, which was Co. A, 2nd regiment Alabama national guard. He was an Elk; Redman; and Knight of Pythias. Married: August 19, 1876, at Auburn, to Eliza beth Hathaway, daughter of Pickett Chauncey and Edna (Terry) Smith, who lived in Mont gomery, the former a native of Suffield, Conn, who came to Alabama about 1850; granddaugh ter of Ichabod and Ann (Hathaway) Smith, and of James and Nancy (Bibb) Terry; great-grand daughter of Peyton and Sarah (Cobbs) Bibb, the former a brother of William Wyatt Bibb, and of Thomas Bibb, the two first governors of Alabama. Children: 1. Edwin Boyce, deceased, m. Kathleen Lahay, Montgomery; 2. Edna; 3, Chauncey Smith; 4. William Francis; 5. Carrie Brown, m. Foster Webb Stanley, Greenville. Last residence: Montgomery. JOSEPH, MOSES V., merchant, son of J. and Rachael (Terquen) Joseph of Paris, France, who emigrated to Louisiana, and later located in Alabama, residing successively at Mobile, Greensboro, and Demopolis, being a merchant and a Confederate soldier. M. V. Joseph re ceived a common school education but owing to his ambition to give a sound education to his five sisters and his brothers, he left school while still a boy and began earning his own way in life. His aspirations, however, were such that after the day's work was ended he applied his evening hours to study and in this way gained a general knowledge equal to a college course. In 1887, he removed from Selma to Birmingham, and in partnership with A. B. Loveman opened a small store which has grown to be the South's largest" department store. In all matters of a public nature, Mr. Joseph has shown the same large views and business acumen as in his private business, and he holds a position of honor in the city of his adoption. He was for one term president of the Commer cial club of Birmingham; vice-president of the Jewish Synagogue; a Knight of Pythias; mem ber of B'nai B'rith of which he has been pres ident; and a Democrat. Married: January 6, 1890, in Birmingham, Jennie M., daughter of Samuel Marx of that city, a Confederate vet eran. Children: 1. Rosalie. Residence: Bir mingham. JOSEPH, THOMAS, merchant, president in surance company, was born in 1812, on the Island of Fayal, in the Azores, of Portugese parents and came to Montgomery, about 1842, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 951 where he became a merchant and proprietor of the Montgomery flour mills. Having operated these mills during the war, he sold them to his son, and in 1871, organized the Capital City insurance company, of which he became presi dent, holding that position until his death, in 1883. He was also a director of the Louisville and Nashville railroad, and accumulated by his own efforts a large property. He was president of the board of revenue of Montgomery; a Dem ocrat; and Presbyterian. Married: in 1846, at Mobile, to Sarah, daughter of Francis T. and Sarah (Boyce) Riley, the former a native of Ireland, descendant of Jacob Hardenbroeck, one of the original four proprietors of Manhattan Island. Children: 1. William Finley, m. Mary Ellen Saffold; 2. Thomas, jr., m. Emma Grant, whose second husband was James Sanford Dow dell; 3. Edwin Boyce, (q. v.); 4. Francis Wil liam, m. Hattie Swanson; 5. Sarah Ann, m. James Sanford Dowdell; 6. Charles Werner, m. Mattie Jackson; 7. Carrie, m. Henry Constan tine. Last residence: Montgomery. JUDGE, THOMAS JAMES, lawyer, was born November 1, 1815, in Richland District, S. C, and four years later, came with his parents to Alabama, and settled in Butler County. His early schooling was meagre, and when he was fifteen years old, he entered a printing office in Montgomery. After a year in the printing office, he became clerk in a dry goods store in Montgomery. In 1834, he established a news paper in Greenville and edited it about a year. He volunteered in the Creek War; served three months; and in 1837 moved to Hayneville, where he read law in the office of John S. Hunter and Nathan Cook. He began to prac tice law in Hayneville the next year; was ap pointed district solicitor by Gov. Fitzpatrick in 1843; and was defeated in the fall election for that office. He was elected to the State legis lature from Lowndes County in 1844, and was re-elected the following year; was sent to the State senate from Lowndes and Butler Coun ties, in 1847, and continued to serve in that body until 1850, when he resigned in order to move to Montgomery County. In the same year, he was a delegate to the Nashville conven tion. He formed a law partnership in Mont gomery with T. H. Watts and J. F. Jackson; represented Montgomery County in the legisla ture in 1853; was an unsuccessful candidate for congress against Hon. J. F. Dowdell of Cham bers County in 1857; and was defeated in the election to congress two years later by Mr. Clopton, of Macon County. In 1860, he sup ported Breckenridge for president, and upon the secession of Alabama was sent by Gov. Moore in February, 1861, as a commissioner from the state to the government of the United States at Washington, to negotiate with that government in reference to the forts, arsenals and custom-houses in Alabama, and the public debt of the United States, as well as to the fu ture relations of the state with the U. S. gov ernment. He immediately went to Washington to fulfill his mission, but President Buchanan refused to receive him in any other character than that of a distinguished citizen of Ala bama, and his mission was fruitless. When the War of Secession began, Col. Judge volunteered as a private, and served a short time at Pensacola early in 1861. Soon after leaving Pensacola, he was appointed by Presi dent Davis as colonel of the Fourteenth Ala bama regiment which was organized and mus tered into service at Auburn. He went with his regiment to Virginia, but in April, 1862, was so seriously injured by a railroad collision as to be forced to resign his command. He also suffered from rheumatism contracted by severe exposure on the peninsula of Virginia. Soon after his resignation, President Davis tendered him the position of presiding judge of a mili tary court in the army of Virginia, with the rank of a colonel of cavalry. He declined that appointment, principally on account of his rheumatism, as it would subject him to further exposure in the cold climate of northern Vir ginia. President Davis then tendered him the same appointment to serve with the army in Mobile and Col. Judge accepted, and served in the court until the close of the war. Upon the reorganization of the State government in 1865, he was elected one of the judges of tne supreme court, and held that position until superseded by the reconstruction measures of congress. After that time, he turned his attention to the practice of law in Montgomery and Greenville. He was a Whig. Married: to Miss Graves, a sister of Hon. Peyton T. Graves, of Lowndes County. Last residence: Montgomery. JUDGE, THOMAS JAMES, lawyer, State senator, was born May 11, 1884, at Greenville, Butler County; son of Thomas James and Kate (Herbert) Judge, the former a member of the legislature from Butler County, assistant li brarian of supreme court and solicitor of But ler County; grandson of Thomas James and Susan (Graves) Judge (q. v.), and of Curtis Burke and Catherine (Lewis) Herbert of Green ville. He was educated in the common schools; graduated LL. B., 1905, from the University of Alabama; has been register of Butler County; clerk of the committee on commerce and com mon carriers in the legislature of 1907; one of the representatives from Jefferson County in the session of 1911; and state senator from the Thirteenth district in 1915. He is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; Knight of Pythias; Woodman of the World, and a member of the Sigma Nu college fraternity. Married: December 28, 1910, at Louisville, Ky., to Lucile, daughter of Maj. John F. and Elizabeth (Wilson) O'Brien, the former at one time president of the East Tennessee Valley and Georgia R. R. Resi dence : Birmingham. JUDKINS, GEORGE BERNARD, physician, was born in 1837, in Montgomery, now Elmore County, and died in 1908 in Wetumpka; son of John Christopher and Eliza Jane (Young) Jud kins (q. v.). He was reared upon a plantation and his early education acquired in the schools of the community. He entered the University of Virginia from which he graduated, 1854. He read medicine under Dr. T. B. Ligon, Macon County, and graduated from Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia, 1859. He located in Montgomery, where he practiced his profession 952 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY until 1861, when he joined Clanton's cavalry, C. S. Army, and saw active service in Pensa cola, Montgomery and northern Alabama. In 1863 he was made assistant regimental surgeon in Clanton's brigade and served until the close of the war. After hostilities ceased he located in Macon County, where he practiced medicine. In 1888 he was appointed physician to the pen itentiary at Wetumpka. He served at one time as a censor of the Macon County medical so ciety. He was a Mason and a Methodist. Mar ried: March, 1864, to Sarah, daughter of Con rad and Eliza J. Webb, natives, respectively, of Virginia and South Carolina. Children: 1. Sallie Evans, m. William Lamar Smith (q. v.) ; 2. Mary Eugenia, m. George Holmes Smith (q. v.). JUDKINS, JAMES HENRY, lawyer and planter, was born February 2, 1839, in Mont gomery County; son of John Christopher and Eliza Jane (Young) Judkins (q. v.). He en tered the University of Alabama as a sopho more in 1856, but withdrew and entered the University of Virginia. He was adjutant with rank of first lieutenant, 1st Alabama cavalry regiment, C. S. Army, 1861-62; adjutant gen eral, with rank of captain, Clanton's brigade, 1863; private secretary to Governor Thomas H. Watts, 1863-65; planter in Brazil, South America, 1867-70; county solicitor Elmore County, 1872-74; inspector of penitentiary, 1874-80; assistant U. S. attorney for the middle district of Alabama, 1897-1901. He read law un der Governor Watts and practiced that pro fession in Wetumpka. He is also a planter, owning plantations in Elmore and Bullock Counties. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: January 16, 1862, at Tuskegee, to Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Lancelot and Lucy (Lumpkin) Johnston III, of that place; grand daughter of Lancelot Johnston II, of Georgia, who owned lands in Alabama, and of Henry H. Lumpkin; great-granddaughter of Lancelot Johnston I, of North Carolina, a surgeon in the Revolutionary Army. Children: 1. James Hen ry, jr., died in childhood; 2. Lucy, m. John W. Durr (q. v.)., Montgomery; 3. Thomas Wil liams, Montgomery; 4. Mary, born in Brazil and died in childhood; 5. Clifford, died in child hood; 6. Clif james, m. Florence Kizer, Mont gomery; 7. Lawrence George, Montgomery; 8. Willulah, Montgomery; 9. Woodford John ston, m. Lucile Sanguinetti, Montgomery. Residence: Montgomery. JUDKINS, JOHN CHRISTOPHER, planter,' was born May 27, 1809, in Surrey County, Va., and died in 1871, in Elmore County; son of George and Margaret (Lucas) Judkins, the former also a native of Surrey County, Va., a planter, captain in the War of 1812, and who in 1821 removed to Alabama and settled on lands on the Tallapoosa River, nine miles from Montgomery, where he established Judkins ferry, which was the first on that river and has been in continuous use for a century. The Judkins family is of Scotch origin. John Christopher Judkins received his education in the local schools of his native state and in his boyhood began the life of a farmer upon the parental lands. He bought, at government sale, lands on Line Creek, Montgomery County, and at the beginning of the War of Secession he had accumulated a landed estate of nearly seven thousand acres, and owned two hundred and fifty slaves. In 1866 he was elected to the Alabama legislature from Macon County and served on the committee on ways and means. During the following year he resigned his office and in company with Col. James Porter of Montgomery and John Shackelford of Macon County, removed to Brazil, where he purchased land and slaves. Mr. Judkins and his asso ciates intended colonizing the new home land with relatives and friends from Alabama, plant ers who had suffered the loss by emancipation of their former- slaves, but the severance of old ties and distance from former associations de terred many from perfecting their plans for emigration when the time drew near, and in 1868, the leader returned to Alabama, where he died and was buried in the family graveyard on the Tallapoosa River. He was a Whig and opposed secession, but followed his state as a matter of patriotism. Married: in 1838, in El more County, to Eliza Jane, daughter of Ber nard Chappell and wife, who was a Mrs. Har ris, the former of Irish parentage, and it is not clear in the family records whether he was born in Ireland, 1781, or in Virginia, where he later lived. He removed to Georgia, where in 1810, he was married. Later, with his wife and three stepsons, he removed to Alabama, settling on the Tallapoosa River, where he reared a family of seven daughters and two sons. At the time of his death, 1860, he owned a number of slaves and above two thousand acres of land. Children: 1. Rebecca Evans, m. Col. Thomas Williams (q. v.) ; 2. George Bernard (q. v.), m. Sarah Webb, Wetumpka; 3. James Henry (q. v.) ; 4. John Christopher, jr., planter and an officer on Gen. Clanton's staff, C. S. Army, m. Eva Pinkston, Shorters; 5. Fanny Jane, m. James Oliver.; 6. William Thomas, student at the University of Alabama, member of Capt. Starr's cadet company, C. S. Army, and killed at Greenport in skirmish with Rosseau's raid, July 18, 1864; his body was never located; 7. Lawrence Dawson, plant er, m. Mary Williams; 8. Boiling Young, d. un married; 9. Peggy Lucas, m. Arthur Jemison Brooks, Huntsville; 10. Dolly Evalina, m. Mc- Duff Cain, Wetumpka; 11. Harriet Susan, m. Henry Shellman; 12. Mary Euphemia, m. George Mathews, Mathews. Last residence: Elmore County. JULIAN, FRANK NEWSUM, editor, was born June 18, 1872, in Tuscumbia; son of Wil liam Reese and Elizabeth Melissa (Croxton) Julian, the former a native of Lawrence County, who served with gallantry in the Mex ican War under Col. Jefferson Davis, was the first soldier over the walls of Monterey and was promoted to a sergeancy, was commis sioned lieutenant of artillery by Gov. A. B. Mopre, January 31, 1861, entered the cavalry branch of the C. S. Army, and served under Roddy and Forrest, and was first sheriff of Colbert County, to which office he was twice re-elected; grandson of George Irvin and MERRILL E. PRATT DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 955 Martha Lavina (Reese) Julian, and of Elizah and Eleanor Johnson (Scott) Croxton, of South Carolina, the former a descendant of John Croxton, an Irish peer, and the latter a first cousin of Gen. Winfield Scott. Mr. Julian attended the common schools for sev eral years, and at the age of thirteen years entered* the printing office of the "North Ala bamian," at that time owned by Capt. A. H. Keller, father of Helen Keller. He remained there until 1889; spent the next three years in clerical work; was on the staff of the St. Louis "Dispatch," 1892; returned to weekly newspaper work in 1893, and continued in that line until 1907. Mr. Julian served six years as secretary of the Democratic executive com mittee of Colbert County; was clerk of the committee on corporations, Alabama legisla ture, 1896-1897; was elected assistant clerk of the house of representatives, 1898; re-elected for the extra session of 1899, and for the regular isession of 1900-1901; elected secretary of the constitutional convention of 1901; clerk of the house of representatives, 1903; was elected sec retary of state in 1906, and as secretary of state, was ex-officio insurance commissioner, and his administration of that department was of great value to the state and policy holders; was elected associate railroad commissioner, 1911-1915; resigned from the office of secre tary of state to accept the position of general manager of the Alabama Fidelity & Casualty Company, Montgomery. On September 1, 1915, he re-established the "Sheffield Standard," which had been discontinued on the death of A. M. Ragland, some months before. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; member of the United Sons of Confederate Veterans; of the Woodmen of the World; the Elks; and the Knights of Maccabees. Married: December 18, 1895, at Tuscumbia, to Eva Josephine, daugh ter of Hugh J. and Mary E. (Smith) Stephen son, of Leighton. Children: 1. Reese; 2. Mary Elizabeth. Residence: Sheffield. JULIAN, WILLIAM R., lieutenant colonel of Julian's Alabama cavalry battalion, C. S. Army. JUSTICE, OSCAR SUTTLE, physician, was born May 9, 1860, at Nixburg, Coosa County; son of William Strong and Martha Ann (Johnson) Justice, the former a native of Bibb County, Ga., who moved to Alabama in 1842, and lived in Dale County, in Nixburg, Coosa County, and in Eclectic, Elmore County; grandson of Levi and Elon (Pickard) Justice, of Georgia, and of George and Eliza- beth (Suttle) Johnson, of Coosa County. The Justice ancestors were from England, and the Suttles from Scotland. He attended the com mon schools of Coosa County; the Ba timore Medical and Surgical College 1883-1884; was graduated from the Medical College of Ala bama, Mobile, M. D-. 1885; and received a cer tificate from the New Orleans Polytechnic, 1900. He began the practice of medicine in Central, 1885; is a member of the Elmore County Medical Society; counsellor o ! the i Ala bama Medical Association; was elected to the State senate from the tenth senatorial district, 1911; is a Democrat; a Mason; Odd Fellow, Vol. Ill— 61 and Columbian Woodman. Married: (1) in 1888, at Central, to Annie Green Hollifield, who died in 1896, daughter of William Green and Paulina (Billingsley) Hollifield, of Central; (2) in December, 1902, to Mary Dixon Jackson, who died June, 1903. Residence: Central. K KAUL, JOHN LANZEL, lumberman, was bora October 9, 1866, at St. Marys, Elk County, Pa.; son of Andrew and Walburga (Lanzel) Kaul, the former a native and resident of St. Marys; grandson of John Kaul, and of Michael Lanzel, both of St. Marys. All grandparents were born and lived in Bavaria, Germany, com ing about 1840 to America, his paternal grand parents settling first in Philadelphia, and the maternal in Baltimore. Mr. Kaul obtained his collegiate education through a four year course at Rock Hill college, Baltimore; and the East man business college at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., completed his course at the latter when nine teen years of age. After work in the office of a lumber company, of which his father was a member, he was placed in charge of a hardwood mill belonging to the same. He remained in this situation until 1889, when a tour in the South led Mr. Kaul to the purchase of an in terest in a lumber company at Hollins, Clay County. Here he obtained experience in the management of yellow pine. Finally he bought the remaining interests, trebled the capacity of the mills, and purchased large tracts of land adjacent or elsewhere in the State. For two terms he was president of the Yellow pine manufacturers' association of the State, and is a director of the First national bank of Bir mingham. His interests in business are nu merous and varied. He is president and treas urer of the Kaul lumber co., of Birmingham; has been a member of the State board of for estry; chairman of the Park commission of Birmingham; and has held many similar posi tions for the public good and without monetary compensation, He is a Democrat, by birth and rearing he is a Catholic. Married: June 19, 1901, at Birmingham, to Virginia Roy, daugh ter of Judge James B. and Virginia (Pierce) Head (q. v.). Children: 1. John Lanzel, jr., deceased; 2. Virginia; 3. Hugh. Residence: Birmingham. KAY, EDGAR BOYD, civil engineer, was born January 15, 1860, at Warriors Mark; son of Dr. Isaac Franklin and Catherine (Bell) Kay, who lived at Warriors Mark and at Bell- wood, Pa., the former a physician, who was first lieutenant, captain and assistant surgeon, of the One hundred tenth regiment of Penn sylvania volunteers, U. S. Army, during the War of Secession, and died April 13, 1873, at Bellwood, Pa.; grandson of George Boyd and Elizabeth (Kline) Kay, who lived at Hopewell Mansion, Bedford County, Pa., and of John and Elizabeth (Boyles) Bell, who lived at Mary Ann Forge, Bellwood, Blair County, Pa.; great- grandson of William and Rachel (Boyd) Kay, of York County, Pa., the former a soldier in the Revolution, who died February 24, 1844, and is buried in the Kay burying ground at Hopewell, Pa.; great-great-grandson of John and Eliza- 956 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY beth (Smart) Kay, the former of whom was born in Philadelphia, September 13, 1723, a manufacturer of fire-arms and a soldier in the Revolution, second colonel of the Ninth Penn sylvania regiment, under Anthony Wayne; great-great-great-grandson of John and Rebecca Kay, the former born in Philadelphia, Decem ber, 1682, the first white child born of English parents in the city, who received from Wil liam Penn, in honor of his birth, a square of ground in what became the city of Philadel phia, who laid the cornerstone of the Phila delphia hospital in 1755, and died July 5, 1767, at Kennet Square, Chester County, Pa.; great- great-great-great-grandson of John Kayor Kay, who with his wife came to America with Wil liam Penn, on the ship Welcome, landing on the banks of the Delaware River at Penny-Pot landing, later a part of the city of Philadelphia, the former of whom led the accusation against the Earl of Bellomont, March 11, 1700. He re ceived his preparatory education at Logan academy, Bellwood, Pa., and at Mountain seminary, Birmingham, Pa.; and was gradu ated from Rensselaer polytechnic institute, Troy, N. Y., C. E., 1883. He was instructor in civil engineering at Rensselaer polytechnic institute, 1883-1885; member of the firm of Durham Drainage Company, Kansas City, Mo., 1885-1888; consulting engineer in Kansas City and organizer of the Western Engineering Company; located in Pennsylvania in 1891 to look after real estate and mining interests; or ganized, built and conducted the Bellwood elec tric light plant, 1891-1893 ; designed and built the Bellwood water works plant, and was borough engineer for two years; was chief engineer for the water works systems at Somerset, Tyrone and East Tyrone, Pa.; for the complete sewerage system at Charlotte, N. Y.; for the water works system at Saltsburg, Pa., Quarry- ville, Pa., Wemersville, Pa., Downington, Pa., Monroe, N. Y., New Holland, Pa., Christiana, Pa.; for the sewer system at Swarthmore, Pa.; the water works system at Myerstown, Pa., Honey Brook, Pa., Lewiston, Pa., and Elizabeth- town, Pa.; was chief engineer and president of the Mount Union, Pa., and Strasburg, Pa., water companies, which plants he designed and built; became instructor of engineering at Union college, Schenectady, N. Y., 1896-1897; and at Cornell university, 1897-1903; was ap pointed professor of engineering at the Uni versity of Alabama, 1903-1907; professor of civil engineering and dean of the college of engineering, University of Alabama, 1907-1912; consulting engineer for the Alabama railroad commission, 1903 — ; chief engineer of the state convict bureau, and for several steam and hydro electric ¦ power companies and cities. He has been a frequent contributor to technical jour nals; is a Democrat; an Episcopalian; a thir ty-second degree Mason and a Knight Templar. He is a member of- the American Society of Civil Engineers; of the American and Interna tional societies of testing materials; of the So ciety for the Promotion of Engineering Educa tion; of the Engineering Association of the South; of the American Society of Municipal Improvements; and other technical societies; is a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon and Sigma Xi fraternities. Married: September 26, 1900, at Wapakoneta, O., to Florence Edna Means, daughter of Lyman North and Elizabeth (Ed- miston) Means, of that place; granddaughter of Robert Lee Gilmore and Sarah (North) Means, of Waynesfleld, O.; great-granddaughter of Thomas Means, who married a sister of Ann Carter, the wife of Light Horse Harry Lee of Virginia. Residence : Tuscaloosa. KAYLOR, JOHN THOMAS, judge and legis lator, was born January 6, 1856, at Cohutta Springs, Whitfield County, Ga.; son of Daniel and Priscilla (Page) Kaylor, the former a Con federate soldier; grandson of William and Martha Ann (Dunn) Kaylor, the latter a native of Ireland; and of John and Mary (Brown) Page; great-grandson of John William Kaylor, who came from Germany, settled in East Ten nessee, and served as a captain in the Revolu tionary War. Judge Kaylor was educated in the common schools of Randolph County; was elected probate judge of that county in 1904, and served for six years. He represented Ran dolph County in the legislature of 1915. He is a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: Millie, daughter of Henry Glenn and Sarah (Herndon) Casper, who lived at Graham. Children: 1. James William, M. D., Colorado; 2. John Henry; 3. Shelby. Residence: Graham. KEATES, THOMAS,* soldier of the American Revolution, aged 78, and a resident of Tusca loosa County; private Maryland Continental Line; enrolled on January 10, 1827, under act of Congress of March 18, 1818, payment to date from October 18, 1826; annual allowance, $96; sums received to date of publication of list, $708.64. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833- 34. KEENER, JOHN CHRISTIAN, Methodist Episcopal bishop, was born February 7, 1819, in Baltimore, Md., son of Christian and Mary Clare (Brice) Keener; grandson of Christian and Susanna (Swope) Keener, and of John and Sarah (Lane) Brice; a descendant of Melchor Keener, who came to America from Switzer land, about 1700, and became a merchant and shipper in Baltimore, and of Benedict Schwope, minister of the United Brethren in Christ. He received his education from the Wesleyan uni versity, Connecticut, from which institution he was graduated, A. B., 1835, and A. M., 1839. He engaged in the drug business in Balti more, Md., 1835-1841, and the following year joined the Alabama conference of the Metho dist Episcopalian church. He was stationed at Mobile, 1842; at Demopolis, 1843-1844; at Tus caloosa, 1845-1846; at Montgomery, 1847; and at New Orleans, La., 1848-1852. He was pre siding elder of the New Orleans district, 1853- 1857; was pastor of the Felicity Street church, New Orleans, 1858-1859; was presiding elder of the New Orleans district, 1860; became super intendent of chaplains of the C. S. Army west of the Mississippi River, in 1861, and served until 1864; served as editor of the New Orleans "Christian Advocate" and as presiding elder of the New Orleans district, 1865-1870; was elected DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 957 bishop of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, in 1870; and founded a mission in Mex ico in 1873. He retired from the office of bishop in 1898 because of his advanced age. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by LaGrange college in 1854; and the degree of LL. D., by Southern university at Greensboro, 1880. He edited sermons and lectures of the Rev. William Elbert Munsey, D. D., and is the author of "The Post Oak Circuit," 1857; of "Studies of Bible Truths," 1899; of "Garden of Eden and the Flood;" and of contributions to church periodicals. Married: to Mary Anna Spencer, daughter of Richard and Anna (Baker) Spencer, who moved to Alabama from Baltimore. The Spencer family came from England about 1750. Children: 1. John Or mond (q. v.). Last residence: New Orleans, La. KEENER, JOHN ORMOND, Methodist min ister, president Southern university, was born August 17, 1854, at New Orleans, La., and died December 31, 1898, at Greensboro; son of John Christian and Mary Anna (Spencer) Keener (q. v.). He received his early education in the public schools of New Orleans, La., and was graduated from Southern university at Greens boro, A. B., 1874. He entered the Alabama con ference of the Methodist church in the year of his graduation, and continued there until his death. He was pastor at Cahaba, 1874-1877; at Watumpka, 1877-1879; at Glenville, 1879- 1880; at Milton, Fla., 1880-1883; was presiding elder of Mobile district, 1883-1886; of Selma district, 1886-1890; of Montgomery district, 1890-1892; was stationed at Mobile in 1892, and at Greensboro, 1893-1894. While serving as pastor of the Greensboro station, he was called to the presidency of the Southern university, 1894, and remained in the position until his death. The honorary degree of D. D. was con ferred upon him by Southern university in 1893. He represented his conference in the general conferences of 1894 and 1898, and in the Ecumenical conference. He was a Demo crat; a Knight of Pythias; and a member of Pi Kappa Alpha college fraternity. Married: May 27, 1879, in New Orleans, La., to Phala Hutch inson Mathews, daughter of John and Mary Menefee Mathews, of that place, the former a minister of the Methodist church for more than sixty years, who served pastorates in Montgom ery New Orleans, La., Kansas City, Kas., Nash ville, Tenn., and St. Louis, Mo., and was of Scotch-Irish parentage. Children: 1. Ella, m. Ernest Tyree Chadwell, Nashville, Tenn.; 2. Mary Mathews, d. in 1886. Last residence: Greensboro. KEEP HENRY V., major and later lieu tenant colonel, 3rd Confederate infantry regi ment, C. S. Army. KEETON PAUL FELDMAN, educator and dean of Judson college, was born March 21, 1882, at Woodstock, Tuscaloosa County; son of William Pendleton and Sarah Matilda (Her ring) Keeton of that place, the former a Con federate soldier. He was prepared ^ college at Woodstock academy; entered Howard col lege, 1899, and graduated, C. E., 1903, and after extra work, A. B., president of the Franklin literary society and of the Y. M. C. A., elected by the faculty as post-adjutant of the college during his senior year; attended the Univer sity of Texas, 1908, and George Washington university, graduating from the latter institu tion, Ph. D„ 1913. He has taught in private and public schools; held the chair of mathematics and science, Scottsboro institute, for two years, and the same chair in the Decatur, Texas, college. He returned to Alabama and was for four years superintendent of public schools in this state; taught four years in the Oklahoma college, and later elected dean; dean of Bryan academy, Texas; professor in Simmons college; professor of education and dean, Judson col lege, since June, 1918. He is a Democrat, Bap tist; and Woodman of the World. Married: June 8, 1905, to Mabel, daughter of Dr. John Frank lin and Mary Isabella (Smith) Ford of Decatur, Texas, natives of Cleveland, Tenn., who located in Texas soon after their marriage. Children: 1. Mary Isabella; 2. Paul Ford. Residence: Marion. KEFFER, JOHN C, member of the consti tutional convention of 1867, from the fifteenth district. Residence: Montgomery County. KEGLEY, H. C, Presbyterian minister of the North Alabama presbytery; living in 1913. Residence: Birmingham. KEITH, CHAMBLISS, lawyer, was born De cember 8, 1875, at Selma, Dallas County; son of Marshall Alston and Lucy (Walker) Keith, the former a native of Talladega County, who lived there until he was sixteen years old when he joined the C. S. Army, served through the war, and was paroled as first lieutenant, Co. F, Thirtieth Alabama regiment; grandson of John and Elizabeth (Hunt) Keith, who lived near Kymulga on a plantation, and of Thomas J. and Henrietta James (Chambliss) Walker, who lived at Cahaba. The Keith and Walker fam ilies are from Virginia and are of Scotch de scent. The Butt and Chambliss families are of English descent. He received his early school ing at Dallas academy, Selma; at the Virginia military institute; and was graduated from Cumberland university, Lebanon, Tenn., LL. B., 1897. He began his law practice at Selma, in June, 1897, and has continued his profession in that place. He is a member of the state exe cutive committee of the Democratic party; has been a delegate to all of the state conventions since he has become of age; and was a delegate to the national convention of 1908. He is an Elk. Married: in April, 1903, at Selma, to Ada Byrd Hooper, daughter of Charles W. and Caroline (McKee) Hooper, of Selma. The Hooper family is of English descent, and came to Alabama from Georgia. The McKee family is of Scotch descent, and came from South Carolina. Children: 1. Marshall Alston, b. 1905, at Selma; 2. Charles Hooper, b. 1908, at Selma. Residence: Selma. KELLER, ARTHUR HENLEY, publisher and editor, was born February 5, 1836, at Tuscum- 958 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY bia, Colbert County, and died August 28, 1896, at Tuscumbia; son of David and Mary Fair fax (Moore) Keller, the former a native of Hagerstown, Md., born in 1788, who emigrated to Knoxville, Tenn., where he entered the mer cantile business, and in 1820, moved to Ala bama, becoming one of the pioneer settlers of the northern part of the state, who entered large tracts of land and farmed, and was presi dent of the railroad from Tuscumbia to De catur, one of the first roads built in the United States, the latter a native of Rockbridge County, Va., born in 1796, who was a second cousin to Robert E. Lee; grandson of Casper Keller, a native of Canton Berne, Switzerland, who came to the United States and settled in Maryland in colonial days, and of Alexander Spotswood and Elizabeth (Aylette) Moore, who lived at Chelsea, Charles County, Va., the for mer a native of Chelsea, King William County, Va., an aide to Gen. Lafayette and to Baron Steuben, with the rank of major, and a lieuten ant in the service of the state of Virginia, who served both in state and continental lines, the latter who survived her husband for many years, and lived in Rockbridge County, Va., then moved to east Tennessee, near Knoxville; great-grandson of Bernard and Anne Catherine (Spotswood) Moore; great-great-grandson of Alexander and Anne Butler (Braine) Spots- wood, the former one of the early colonial gov ernors of Virginia. The Moore family were wealthy planters of Virginia and trace their lineage to Sir Thomas Moore of England. They were among the first settlers of Virginia. Mr, Keller was reared and educated in Tuscumbia, and studied under the instruction of Gov. R. B, Lindsay. He was graduated from the law de partment of the University of Virginia, 1858 and received his license to practice from Gov, A. B. Moore, at that time circuit judge. He enlisted as a private in the C. S. Army, Novem ber, 1861, and was detailed as quartermaster- sergeant under Dr. D. R. Lindsay, of the Twen ty-seventh Alabama regiment, stationed at Fort Henry. Later he was temporarily assigned to the staff of Gen. Sterling Wood, in Florence. In July, 1862, he joined Roddy's cavalry as a private, and in September of that year rejoined his old regiment as quartermaster at Vicks burg. He remained with the latter command until July,. 1864, when he was made paymaster of Gen. Roddy's division of cavalry. At the close of the war, he engaged in the receiving and forwarding business at Keller's Landing until the courts were opened, when he practiced law until 1874. He purchased the "Tuscumbia North Alabamian" in December, 1874, and was its editor for more than thirty years. In July, 1885, he was appointed U. S. marshal for the northern district of Alabama by President Cleveland. He was a delegate to the Demo cratic convention at St. Louis, Mo., in 1876, and was a delegate at large to the Cincinnati con vention in 1880. He was a Democrat; a Pres byterian; a Knight of Honor; and a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen; and was author of several articles in the "History of Northern Alabama." Married: (1) Novem ber 12, 1867, at Tuscumbia, to Mrs. Sarah E. Rosser, who died in March, 1877, daughter of William Simpson, a commission merchant at Memphis; (2) July 1, 1878, at Memphis, Tenn., to Kate Adams, daughter of Gen. Charles W. and Helen (Everett) Adams, who lived at Memphis, and belonged to the famous Adams and Everett families of Massachusetts, having come south when young people. Children, by first marriage: 1. Fannie, d. young; 2. James McDonald, d. 1906; 3. William Simpson, state highway engineer of Alabama, resides in Mont gomery, m. in 1904, to Aileen Moore, of Colum bia, Tenn., who d. February 12, 1911; by second marriage: 4. Helen Adams, Wrentham, Mass.; 5. Mildred Campbell, m. 1907, Laban Warren Tyson, Montgomery; 6. Phillips Brooks, Meri dian, Miss. Last residence: Tuscumbia. KELLER, HELEN ADAMS, author, lecturer and screen player, was born June 27, 1880, in Tuscumbia, daughter of Capt. Arthur and Kate (Adams) Keller, (q. v.); granddaughter of Charles Adams, Confederate soldier; great- granddaughter of Alexander Moore, who acted as aide to Lafayette, and of Gov. Spottswood of Virginia. Through her mother, she is re lated to the Adams and Everett families of Massachusetts; she is the sister of W. S. Keller (q. v.). When less than two years of age Miss Keller was stricken with an acute illness that resulted in the loss of sight, hearing, and speech. For five years she was shut away from all means of communication with the outside world, and was too young to have developed resources within herself, a condition that re sulted in paroxysms of emotion. The distress of her parents found relief through the inter est of Prof. Alexander Graham Bell, who ad vised Capt Keller to obtain a teacher from the Perkins institute for the blind. In response, Miss Annie Sullivan went to Tuscumbia, March, 1887, to try experiments that might establish communications with the child. Through han dling a doll communication was finally set up, and Helen became aware of the outside world. She learned rapidly, and by September, 1887, Miss Sullivan had not only taught her to spell with her hand and the use of six hundred words, but also to write a letter. In Novem ber she wrote a letter to Prof. A. G. Bell using one hundred and forty-five words. In 1890, she learned to speak. She was then an inmate of the Perkins institute, still under the vigilant care of Miss Sullivan, but Miss Sarah Fuller. the principal of the Horace Mann school, un dertook the work of articulation. The young student learned six sounds in one hour by touching the tongue, lips or throat of the per son speaking. In 1893 she and Miss Sullivan were the guests of Prof. Bell at the World's Fair, Chicago, and these two patient teachers awakened a keen and intelligent interest in their pupil's mind by a painstaking description of the exhibits and visits of note on the scenes. While in Chicago, she spoke in public to five hundred teachers from all over the world. When she "heard" the Marseilles, for the first time her hands were placed on the piano while a Frenchman played the piece and she instantly responded to the spirit of the martial music, slowly describing its character. An eye wit ness records that: "She heard drums and DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 959 shouting, summoning a nation to arms." In 1894, she entered the Wright-Humason school for the deaf, New York, for vocal culture and training in lip-reading, Miss Sullivan accom panying her as teacher, interpreter and friend. In 1896, she spoke to the inmates of the In stitute for the blind, at Talladega. In the fall of that year she entered the Cambridge school for young ladies to prepare for Radcliffe col lege and later was placed under the instruc tion of a private tutor, Merton S. Keith, taking and successfully passing the entrance exami nation, in 1899. She spent four years at Rad cliffe, attended by Miss Sullivan, graduating A B., cum laude, 1904. She was able to ac complish this remarkable triumph over her handicap through the aid of Miss Sullivan who read her text-book to her upon her hand, as only a few books were available in raised print, the written work of the student being done on a typewriter which Miss Keller had mastered. Since graduation she has become a writer, a lecturer, an earnest worker in behalf of the blind and deaf, and has made one appearance in a moving picture play. Prof. Bell says "That in the miracle of Helen Keller's restora tion to communicate with the outside world, the work of Miss Sullivan, now Mrs. John Macey, must not be ignored, for she wrought the miracle." In this estimate he is joined by all teachers, physicians, and scientists. She continues to make her home with Mrs. Macey at Wrentham, Mass., occasionally spending the winter in Montgomery with her sister, Mrs. L. W. Tyson, and in California accompanied by her mother. Author: "The story of my life," 1902; "Optimism," 1903; "The world I live in," 1908; "The song of the stone wall," 1910; "Out of the dark," 1913; and has written articles In various magazines. Unmarried. Residence: New York. KELLER, WILLIAM SIMPSON, highway engineer, was born February 20,. 1874, at Tus cumbia; son of Arthur Henley and Sally (Simp son) Keller (q. v.), the former a native of Tus cumbia, who lived all his life at that place, was captain and paymaster in Roddy's command, C. S. Army, promoted to major just as the war closed, was U. S. marshal for the northern dis trict of Alabama under Cleveland's first adminis tration, was a lawyer and editor; grandson of David and Mary (Moore) Keller, of Tuscum bia, the latter a direct descendant of Gov. Spottswood, first colonial governor of Vir ginia, and a second cousin to Gen. Robert E. Lee, and of William Simpson, of Tuscumbia, and Memphis, Tenn., a cotton merchant. His great-grandfather Keller came to the United States from Switzerland and settled in Mary land He received his early schooling at Tus cumbia, attended the State Normal College at Florence; and was graduated, B. C. E., from the University of Alabama, 1893. He is a civil engineer; was county surveyor of Colbert County, 1897, 1898; assistant engineer, Shiloh National Park, 1900-1905; chief engineer, good roads commission, Madison County, Tenn., 1905-1908, 1909-1910; with U. S. office of public roads, 1908-1909; engineer in charge of road con struction, Dallas County, 1910-1911; appointed state highway engineer of Alabama, 1911. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; and an Elk. Married: (1) to Aileen Walton Moore, daugh ter of William J. and Jennie (Scruggs) Moore, of Columbia, Tenn., the former of whom was one of Coleman's scouts through the War of Secession, who was captured and imprisoned with Sam Davis, but escaped; (2) to Abbie, daughter of Dr. James T. and Annie (Ross) Searcy, the former who has been for a number of years superintendent of the Alabama in sane hospitals. Residence: Montgomery. KELLERMAN, CHARLES R., civil engineer; acting-professor of engineering at the Univer sity of Alabama, 1899-1900. KELLEY, GEORGE CHRIETZBERG, de veloper and builder, was bora July 30, 1847, at Wilmington, New Hanover, N. C; son of George Hezekiah and Julia Agnes (Cason) Kelley, the former a native of Edwardsville, 111., born in 1820, and died in Wilmington, N. C, who lived at Wilmington and was commis sary agent for the government of the C. S. A. collecting supplies for the army during the War of Secession, the latter who was born in 1822, and died in 1898, in Wilmington, N. C; grandson of Oliver Lefflngwell and Sarah Hall (Findley) Kelley, who lived at Kenansville, Duplin County, N. C, and of Isaac and Sarah (Potter) Cason, who rived at Smithfield, how Southport, Brunswick County, N. C; great grandfather of Hezekiah and Elizabeth (Lefflng well) Kelley, of Norwich, Conn., the former the owner of various ships engaged in the West India trade and one of the largest French spoliation claimants; great-great-grandson of Daniel and Abigal (Reynolds) Kelley, of Nor wich, Conn.; great-great-great-grandson of Joseph and Lydia (Calkins) Kelley, natives of Norwich and New London, Conn., the former born in 1690, who was a relative of Reginald Kelley of Pemaquid, Conn., who took the oath of fidelity in 1674, and of George Kelley of Kel- ley's Island, O., but formerly of Connecticut. The Kelley's are descendants of the most an cient families of England; their ancestry being traced back to the Norman conquest. The manor and advowson in Devonshire have been in the family at least from the time of Henry II, when Nicholas de Kelley was its represen tative. The Lefflngwell branch of the family is descended from Lieut. Thomas Lefflngwell, one of the founders of Norwich, Conn.; him self a descendant of Lawrence Lefflngwell who lived in England in 1492, at the time of the discovery of America. Mr. Kelley received his education in private schools, the War of Seces sion preventing his attending college. At the age of seventeen he entered the C. S. Army, but did not engage in active service. His busi ness career- began in North Carolina, where for five years, he was connected with the hardware trade. He became private secretary to the president and superintendent of the Atlantic Coast railroad lines for two years, then became auditor of the Wilmington & Weldon railroad. He held the latter position until 1878, when he resigned and moved to Alabama. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: July 25, 960 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 1874, in Wetumpka, to Icoline Bates, a graduate of Judson college, who died August 1, 1889, in Birmingham, daughter of Jared and Arte- mese (Tulane) Bates, the former a native of Connecticut, whose ancestors came from Eng land, the latter a niece of Paul Tulane, foun der of the Tulane university of New Orleans, who left France with the Huguenots. Chil dren: 1. George Bates, b. February 20, 1876, in Wetumpka, a graduate of the Alabama Poly technic Institute, member of the firm of Kelley Company, civil engineers, Birmingham, m. Feb ruary 26, 1902, in Birmingham, Susanne Aus tin of Atlanta, Ga., children, Kathereine Austin and George Bates, jr.; 2. Wilbur Edrald, b. June 27, 1881, in Birmingham, graduate of the Alabama polytechnic institute and member of the firm of Kelley Company, Birmingham, m. November 14, 1906, in New Orleans, to Made leine Whitfield, a native of Clarksville, Tenn., child, Wilbur Edrald, jr.; 3. Irwin Olin, d. in infancy. Residence: Birmingham. KELLEY, THOMAS ELIAS, farmer and leg islator, was born December 21, 1854, in De catur County, Ga.; son of George and Deliah (Prevatt) Kelley, the former was a native of Ashville, Buncombe County, N. C, locating near Thomasville, Ga., served in the Indian Wars and was for two years in the Confederate Army; grandson of James Kelley, and of Ferney and Elizabeth (Ward) Prevatt, of Bun combe County, N. C. His great-grandfather mi grated from Ireland to North Carolina, where he married Milbrie Hawthorn. He attended the common schools of Georgia and Alabama. He is a farmer; and a Democrat. He represented Houston County in the legislature of 1915. Married: October 6, 1876, at Dojfehan, the daugh ter of Noah and Winnie J. (Wood) Allen, of that place. Children: nine living, names not ascertained. Residence : Dothan. KELLOGG, FRANCIS W., representative in congress, was born May 30, 1810, in Worthing ton, Hampshire County, Mass. -He received a limited education and moved to Michigan, where he engaged in the lumber business. He was elected to the state legislature of Michi gan, 1856-1867; represented that state in the Thirty-sixth congress, where he served on the committee on invalid pensions; was re elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, dur ing which session he served on the committee on public lands and expenditures in the postoffice department; and was returned to the Thirty-eighth congress, and served on the committee to military affairs. He was ap pointed collector of internal revenue for the southern district of Alabama, by President Lin coln, in 1865, and moved to Mobile; was elected a representative from Alabama to the Fortieth congress, and on July 21, 1868, was admitted to take the oath of office. He served on the committee on commerce, and took an active part during his brief period of service, introducing several measures designed to benefit the region which he represented, among which were a bill to provide for the improvement of the bay and harbor of Mo bile a bill granting the New Orleans, Mobile & Chattanooga railroad the right of way through the public lands, and a bill to renew the grant of lands to aid in the construction of a railroad from Selma to Gadsden in Ala bama. He also introduced a resolution direct ing the postmaster-general to open negotiations with the several European governments with whom we have postal treaties for a further re duction of the rates of international postage. Last residence: Mobile. KELLY, JOHN B., member of the constitu tional convention of 1875, from the twelfth dis trict. KELLY, JOHN BAKER, physician, graduate of the Jefferson medical college, 1859; licensed to practice by the Coosa County medical board, 1884. Residence: Anniston. KELLY, JOHN HERBERT, brigadier general, C. S. Army, was born in Carrollton, Pickens County, March, 1838, and was killed at the battle of Franklin, Tennessee, August 20, 1864; a son of Isham Harrison and Elizabeth (Her bert) Kelly, the former a native of Carrollton, Pickens County, where he practiced law and died in Cuba in 1844, and the latter who was a daughter of John and Harriet Waters of Columbia, South Carolina, and died in Wood ville, Miss., in 1845; nephew of William Kelly of Madison, whose death occurred soon after 1830, was elected a representative in congress, his district comprising the entire state in 1821, resigned the following year when elected to fill the term of Mr. Walker in the federal senate, served till March, 1825, when he was defeated for another term by Dr. Chambers of this coun ty, in same year represented Madison in the legislature, was elected speaker, last service was in the lower house in 1827, and of Gen. Moses Kelly of Jefferson, who was one of the earliest settlers there, represented the county in both branches of the general assembly, was judge of the probate court for some years, was a farmer, was a brigadier-general of mili tia, served under Jackson in the Indian war, and died in 1866. The father of John Herbert Kelly only lived four years after his son's birth and "the mother died three years later. This left John Herbert Kelly an orphan and his rearing devolved upon his grandmother, Mrs. Harriet Herbert Hawthorne. When he was six teen or seventeen years of age, his uncle Hon. Philander Thomas Herbert, who was a mem ber of congress, procured for him a cadetship at West Point, and he lacked but a few months of graduating when his state seceded and he went to Montgomery to offer his services. He was appointed a second lieutenant in the regu lar army and dispatched to Fort Morgan; went with Gen. Hardee to Missouri; on October 5, 1861, was appointed captain and assistant ad jutant general; was later commissioned major, and placed in command of the Ninth Arkansas battalion; fought at Shiloh and a month later was promoted to the command of the Eighth Arkansas regiment with the rank of colonel; participated in the battles of Perryville in which Col. Kelly personally captured Col. Michael Gooding of the Twenty-second Indiana JUDGE ALEXANDER O. LANE DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 963 regiment, and Murfreesboro; was severely wounded at the latter; commanded a brigade at Chickamauga; commissioned brigadier gen eral, November 16, 1864; after being in com mand of a brigade of Wheeler's division he was soon put in command of a division — Grigs- by's and Wade's brigades. His career was signalized by a series of brilliant achievements and his death occurred while leading a charge at Franklin, Tenn., August 20, 1864. The re mains of General Kelly were removed to Mobile in 1866 and interred in the family burying ground there. KELLY, JOHN JEFFERSON, farmer, was born September 28, 1839, in Choctaw County; son of Jesse and Martha (Lee) Kelly, the for mer a native of Raleigh, N. C, who removed to Choctaw County, the latter of Anson County, N. C. He received only a limited primary edu cation. He has been a farmer all of his life; and before the war was a plantation overseer. In 1862, he enlisted in the 40th Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army, was captured in 1864, being confined at Rock Island until June, 1865. At Resaca when the regimental flag was shot down he assisted in rescuing it at great peril. In 1898 he was elected a member of the legislature from Choctaw County, as a Pop ulist; and again in 1902 as a Democrat. He is a member of the Methodist Protestant Church. Married: March 14, 1860, to Lydia Haran, daughter of Joshua and Evalene (Packnip) Allen, who lived at Jefferson, Marengo County. Residence: Butler. KELLY, MAUDE McCLURE, lawyer, was born at "Mountain Spring" near Sylacauga, Tal ladega County; daughter of Judge Richard Bus- sey and Leona (Bledsoe) Kelly (q. v.). Miss Kelly was educated at Noble institute, Annis ton, and at the University of Alabama, law de partment, where she graduated cum summa laude, LL. B., in 1908. She was admitted to the circuit court of Jefferson County on Octo ber 14, 1908, and to the supreme court of Ala bama in 1909. She was made a notary public in 1905. She is a Baptist; is a patroness of Alpha Delta Pi sorority at Judson college; was organizer and charter member of the Birming ham equal suffrage association; chairman of the legislative committee of the State woman's suffrage association; historian of William Lowdnes Yancey chapter, U. D. O; national secretary of war, United States Daughters of War of 1812; member of D. A. R.; state pres ident, Alabama Daughters of the War of 1812; member Alabama bar association and Birming ham lawyers league. Residence: Washington, D. C. KELLY, PETER, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 83, and a resident of Wilcox County; private S. C. Continental Line; en rolled on June 24, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $50.— Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. KELLY, RICHARD BUSSEY, judge, was born February 7, 1859, at Ladiga, Calhoun County; son of Samuel Camp and Amie Elizabeth (Pace) Kelly (q. v.). He was educated in the com mon schools of his native county; at Oxford college, graduating as A. B. in 1876; and at the law department of the University of Ala bama, from which he graduated, LL. B., in 1879, cum summa laude. He was admitted to the bar in July, 1879, at Wedowee, on mo tion of Judge James Aiken; to the bar of the supreme court of Alabama, February 4, 1884; to the bar of the supreme court of the United States, May 6, 1896, on motion of Senator Arthur Brown of Utah. He has prac ticed successfully in all of the courts of the United States. He represented Calhoun County in the legislature of 1894-95; and was chancel lor of northeastern chancery division, 1898 to 1904. He is an honorary brigadier general, U. C. V. He was vice-chairman of the commit tee to raise funds to secure the adoption of the Constitution of 1901. He is a Mason; Odd Fel low; Beaver; Knight of Pythias; member of the Alabama bar association; Birmingham lawyers' league; and Chamber of commerce. Married: October 10, 1880, at Sylacauga, to Leona, daugh ter of Francis Marion and Louisa Catherine (Vincent) Bledsoe of Mountain Spring, near Sylacauga, the former a North Carolinian by birth, serving in Co. K, 18th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; enlisting in 1861, and was killed during the last week of the War of Secession, was a planter and general manager of a marble company at Sylacauga. Children: 1. Francis Marion, m. Dr. Robert Daniel Irwin, of Anniston; 2. Maud McLure (q. v.) ; 3. Rich ard Bussey, jr., attorney in Birmingham, gradu ate Of Howard college and University of Ala bama, member of the Sigma Nu college fra ternity; 4. Samuel Bledsoe; 5. William Milner. Residence: Birmingham. KELLY, RILEY JACOB DANIEL, business man, was born July 22, 1875, at Monroeville, Monroe County; son of Samuel Riley and Annie Elizabeth (Owen) Kelly, the former a ser geant in the C. S. Army, who at the close of the war, returned to the place of his birth, Mon roeville, was a farmer and a business man, the latter who was born in Shubuta, Miss., but was reared in Monroe County; the grandson of Samuel and Nancy (Crout) Kelly, of Dutch and English descent, respectively, pioneer set tlers of Monroe County, having removed from Charleston, S. C, in 1829, the former who estab lished the first water-mill in this part of the state, the first of a series of mills, only the ruins of which are now standing, and of James and Elinora (Corley) Owen. Mr. Kelly re ceived a common school education; studied telegraphy, held several positions with the southern Alabama division of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad from 1898-1902. He re signed to engage in mercantile business at Ex cel, was elected State senator from the twenty- first district, 1918. He is a Democrat; mem ber of the Methodist Episcopal church, South, and a York and Scottish Rite Mason. Married: January 15, 1908, at Jones Mills, to Rosalie, daughter of James Thomas and Florence (Baas) Nicholas, the latter who was of French- English descent, whose great-great-grand- 964 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY father came to this country during the Ameri can Revolution, with the French army and was killed in 1780. Children: 1. Ernestine Eliza beth; 2. Margaret Rosalie. Residence: Excel. KELLY, SAMUEL CAMP, planter, was born March 11, 1825, in Franklin County, Tenn., and died September 9, 1891, at Oxford; son of Sims and Mary (Camp) Kelly, the former of whom was bom in Wake County, N. C, March 11, 1785, but in his youth moved to Georgia, where he lived in Wilkes and Washington Counties, later removing to Franklin County, Tenn., served in the War of 1812, was a great friend of the Indians, and the Creeks camped on his grounds on their way to their res ervation in the west; grandson of William and Mollie (Durham) Kelly, of Irish de scent, and of Samuel and Mary (Banks) Camp, the former was born in Connecticut, May 14, 1753, and died in Warren County, Ga., in 1827, served as commissariat, in Revolutionary Army, on staff of Gabriel Penn with rank of captain; great grandson of Icabod and Phoebe (Canfleld) Camp, the former of whom was born on February 15, 1726, at Durham, Conn., entered Yale, September, 1739, graduated A. B., Sep tember 14, 1743, and M. A., 1746, licensed Pres byterian minister, 1745-46, appointed to read prayers at Wallingford, Conn., September, 1748, appointed to read prayers at Middletown, May 29, 1748, received license of the Bishop of London March 27, 1752, in 1760 was called to the diocese at Wilmington, N. C, and in 1761 to Virginia, in 1778, went west to carry on Episcopal work in "ye Illinoy" with headquarters at Kaskaskia, where he was killed in 1785 by an intoxicated Spaniard, the latter was granddaughter of Thomas and Phoebe (Crane) Canfleld and grandniece of Matthew Canfleld one of the charterers of Connecticut, and of Gerard and Frances (Bruce) Banks, jr.; great-great-grandson of Gerard and Frances (Strother) Banks. Samuel Camp Kelly was educated by tutors and lived the life of the son of a wealthy planter. He served in the Mexican War, enlisting June 13, 1846, and was mustered out May 25, 1847. He enlisted as first lieutenant of Co. E, 30th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, of which Dr. J. C. Francis was captain. Francis soon Became major, and Kelly was promoted captain. This company and others consolidated with it became known as Kelly's Infantry, and he was later promoted major and served as colonel. After the war he lived on his plantation until 1867, when he re moved to Jacksonville; moved to Oxford in 1872, when Oxford college was established. He largely maintained this school in its infancy and its existence is due to his unfailing support. Married: January 19, 1851, to Amie Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Richard and Amie (Bussey) Pace, located at various times in Georgia, Ala bama and Texas. Children: 1. Richard Bussey (q. v.); 2. Dr. W. P. Last residence: Oxford. KELLY, THOMAS C, physician; graduate of the medical department of the University of Alabama, Mobile. 1908; licensed to practice by the county board of Clarke, the same year. Residence: Thomasville. KENDRICK, JAMES E., physician; graduate of the medical department of the University of Alabama, 1869; licensed to practice by the county board in 1882. Residence: Luverne. KENEDA, WILLIAM, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 78, and a resident of Lau derdale County; private Virginia Militia; en rolled on August 28, 1833, under act of Con gress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $34.44; sums received to date of publication of list, $103.32. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. KENNAMER, SEBORN F., farmer, was born April 2, 1830, at Kennamer Cove, Marshall County; son of Jacob and Kezziah (Davis) Ken namer, the former a native of Chesterfield, Ches terfield County. S. C, who later located at Ken namer Cove. He was educated in the neighbor hood schools and during his early manhood be gan the life of a farmer from which he retired in 1908. He was elected to the constitutional convention of Alabama, 1867, and to the legis lature in 1868-69, and was a member of the finance committee. He was" opposed to seces sion and served with the Union forces as scout during the War of Secession. He was an old line Whig but became a Republican; a member of the Christian church. Married: April 8, 1869, at Scottsboro, to Nancy Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas J. and Mary (Custer) Mitchell of that place. Children: 1. Thomas Jacob, m. Laura Houston, Ensley; 2. Mary Elizabeth, Gunters ville: 3. Charles Brents, m. Birdie HooDer, Birmingham; 4. Damaris Barton, m. William Noel, Boaz; 5. Franklin Elmore, m. Lillie Flor ence, Madill, Okla.; 6. Martha Kezziah, m. J. Stanhope Smith, Guntersville; 7. John Shep- pard, Washington, D. C; 8. David Wendell, Washington, D. C; 9. Samuel Rexford, Gunters ville. Residence: Guntersville. KENNEDY, ABSALOM MASON, electrical engineer, was born in Montgomery; son of Joseph Mason and Mary A. (Irwin) Kennedy (q. v.). He received his elementary education in private schools in Montgomery, attended the public schools and Starke's university school. He graduated from the Alabama poly technic institute with the degree of B. S., hav ing completed the electrical and mechanical course. He entered the employ of the Mont gomery light and water power co., and was later connected with the Southern bell tele phone and telegraph co., engineering depart ment, Atlanta, Ga. He became chief engineer of the American talking picture co., New York, and later staff engineer of the laboratory of Thomas A. Edison. Orange, N. J. He was also a member of the Kennedy company, Mont gomery. He is now practicing the profession of civil engineering in Montgomery. He is a Presbyterian. Married: (1) January 1, 1902, at College Park, Ga., to Roline Vann; (2) Au gust 15, 1906, at Montgomery, to Lucy Eliza beth, daughter of John W. and Clara (Holt) Simpson of that city. Children: by second wife, 1. Clara Virginia; 2. Kate Burke. Resi dence: Montgomery. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 965 KENNEDY, ANNE ELIZA, teacher, was born in Centerville; daughter of Josiah Sparks and Anne Eliza (McNeill) Kennedy (q. v.) ; sister of John Percy Kennedy (q. v.). She received her elementary education from the Rev. H. A. Smith, a graduate of Amherst college, and his wife, a graduate of Mt. Holyoke college, who conducted a private school at Centerville. Her first col lege work was given under the instruction of Mr. J. D. Cooper, of Trinity, Pa., who was also a teacher in Centerville. She later studied at the University of Tennessee, and completed her work for a bachelor's degree in the School of education at the University of Chicago. In addition to the foregoing, she has added to her preparation for teaching by normal school cor respondence courses. She entered upon the pro fession by teaching the children of her neigh bors in her home town. Two years later she was offered a position in the Centerville school which she accepted. A course of study in Mo bile, followed this experience and she next taught in the Crozier-French school in Knox ville, Tenn., for one year, followed by a year in the public schools of Union Springs. In 1896, she returned to Knoxville, Tenn., but when the Alabama girls' industrial school, now the Technical institute was opened she was the first member of the faculty elected and for sixteen years filled the chairs of English and history. Residence: Centerville. KENNEDY, DAVID, soldier of the American Revolution, and a resident of Lowndes County; private in cavalry and infantry, particular service not disclosed; enrolled on February 28, 1837, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $53.10. — Pension Book, State Branch Bank, Mobile. KENNEDY, HIRAM RALIEGH, physician and farmer, was born September 30, 1852, in Lauderdale County; son of Enoch Riley and Louise Jane (Chisholm) Kennedy, the former a North Carolinian, a farmer and a miller; grandson of John Chisholm, of Green Hill, a captain in Jackson's Army at the battle of New Orleans, where he was severely wounded. He was educated in the country schools of Lau derdale County; and at the State normal col lege, at Florence; and was graduated at the University of Louisville, M. D., 1880. He en gaged in the practice of medicine in 1880 at Green Hill; and is also a farmer and miller. He was elected to the state legislature, 1890- 1891, 1892-1893; and to the State senate, 1900. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: December 9, 1880, near Green Hill, to Mary Elizabeth Brotherick, daughter of Benjamin I. and Nancy E. (Stubbs) Brotherick, of Green Hill. Children: 1. Oscar Yandell; 2. Edgar Leslie; 3. Eva Estella; 4. Reba Louisa; 5. Hiram Raliegh. Residence: Green Hill. KENNEDY, JOHN PERCY, banker, was born October 12, 1858, at Centerville, Bibb County; son of Josiah Sparks and Ann Eliza (McNeill) Kennedy (q. v.) ; brother of Anne Eliza Kennedy (q v ) He was educated in the schools of Profs. Cooper and Smith, Centerville. He entered the mercantile business and in 1897 was made cash ier of the Bibb County banking and trust com pany. Two years later, he was elected president of that institution and holds the posi tion at this time. He was register in chancery, 1886-98, and city treasurer of Centerville, 1896, to the present. He is a Democrat; Presbyte rian; and Knight of Pythias. Married: October 7, 1896, in Centerville, to Annie Catherine, daughter of Col. James LaFayette and Sue A. (Powell) Davidson of that place, the former organized in 1861, the first infantry company that left Bibb County to join the Confederate Army, and at the time of his death, 1896, was probate judge of Bibb County, whose brother, Samuel W. Davidson, was a captain in another company, and whose sister, Mary Frances, was the wife of Edward H. Moren, lieutenant-gov ernor of Alabama and after ,his death married William L. Peek of Conyers, Ga.; granddaugh ter of Samuel Wilson and Frances (Stringfel low) Davidson, of South Carolina; great-grand daughter of John and Margaret (Wilson) David son, the former a soldier of the Revolution. Children: 1. John Percy; 2. Catherine David son; 3. Josiah McNeill. Residence: Centerville. KENNEDY, JOHN SPINKS, lawyer, was born in 1818, in Moore County, N. C. In 1825 he was taken to Alabama with his parents who settled in Lauderdale County where his father was a gunsmith and planter. He was educated at LaGrange college, studied law, and was ad mitted to the bar in 1842. He was elected to the State legislature from Lauderdale County in 1841, was re-elected the following year, and again in 1847. In 1848, he was elected solicitor of the Florence circuit, and held that position for nine years. He was an elector for Brecken ridge in 1860; served as a private in the Sev enth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army; and later became commissary of the regiment. He moved to Tuscaloosa in 1863, and helped con trol a cotton factory in that place. After the war, he built a factory for the manufacturing of cotton goods a few miles from Tuscaloosa. Married: to Mary Emiline Kennedy. He had the following, among other children: 1. Logan Paschal, foundryman, b. November 22, 1846, first lieutenant, Tenth Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army, m. March 21 1871, at Louisville, Ky., to Hannah J. Lithgow, resides at Louisville, Ky.; 2. John Robie, planter, b. June 9, 1848, in Flor ence, was graduated, LL. B., from Cumberland university, 1870, secretary and treasurer of the Tuscaloosa Land and Loan Company, and of the Tuscaloosa Building & Loan Association, and a director of the Tuscaloosa Coal, Iron & Land Company, m. in 1871, to Johanna Mc- Lester, daughter of R. C. and Mary T. McLes- ter, resides in Tuscaloosa, child, John Robie, jr.; 3. David Patton, merchant, b. December 18, 1853, d. March 27, 1888, m. Sallie Mitchell; 4. Edward Jennings, musician, b. February 1, 1855, resides at Tuscaloosa. Last residence: Tuscaloosa. KENNEDY, JOSEPH MASON, merchant, was born June 26, 1853, in Hamilton, Lanark shire, Scotland, and died in Montgomery; son Of Absalom Mason and Ann (McQueen) Ken- 966 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY nedy, the surname having been added by him, a native of Hamilton, Scotland, where he was educated and married, came to America in 1854, at the age of twenty-three, locating first in Augusta, Ga., but later settling in Mont gomery, where he engaged in the paint and oil business, fought in the 23rd Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army, at Vicksburg, Miss., was for two terms alderman of Mont gomery; grandson of Alexander and Katherine (McGregor) Mason, of Scotland, the former a soldier of the Crimean and Indian Wars, the latter a direct descendant of the famous Scottish chieftain, Rob Roy McGregor, and of James McQueen, of New York, an author and maga zine writer of that city, prior to removing to Scotland, where he died. Joseph Mason Ken nedy attended Buchan's college, Hamilton, Scot land. At the age of twelve, he ran away from this institution and made his way to the coast with the purpose of joining Admiral Raphael Semmes' Confederate ship, the "Alabama," but was apprehended and returned to the school. In 1867, he joined his father in Montgomery and learned the painter's trade. Later he spe cialized in sign painting and finally became a member of his father's mercantile firm of which he ultimately became proprietor. While a very young man he was possessed of a desire to see the world and became a ship's painter, embark ing at San Francisco and returning home by New York. He was an alderman for Montgom ery, and was for years foreman of the volunteer fire company, before the present department was created. He was an Elk; Knight of Pythias; Odd Fellow and member of the National Union; Presbyterian, and director in the Young Men's Christian Association. Married: (1) in 1877, to Mary A., daughter of Capt. R. L. Irwin, U. S. Army, a native of Illinois; (2) October 8, 1902, to Eunice Estelle, daughter of Edward Butler Thrash, a merchant of Selma; great-grand daughter of Gen. Edmund Butler of General Washington's army. Children: By the first marriage, 1. Absalom M., (q. v.); 2. Leonora Maggie; by the second marriage, Eunice. Last residence: Montgomery. KENNEDY, JOSIAH SPARKS, merchant, was born March 29, 1807, in Moore County, N. C, and died January 25, 1891, in Center ville; son of Alexander Kennedy and wife, a Miss Williamson, the former a gunsmith and manufacturer, who lived at Mechanic's Hill, N. C. His paternal grandfather was a native of Scotland, and a pioneer emigrant to North Carolina. The maternal grandfather, William son, was a soldier of the Revolution, and lived to be a hundred and thirteen years of age. Josiah S. Kennedy removed from his native state to Tennessee and thence to Bibb County, where he built up a successful mercantile busi ness. Before launching upon this career he temporarily undertook farming and was for a while proprietor of a large blacksmith shop. In 1865, he formed a partnership in the mercantile business with J. P. Taylor and two years later bought out his partner, and re-organized, with his son, Edward, as the junior member of the firm. After his death his widow owned and directed the business. He was for many years postmaster and a member of the town council of Centerville, and also proprietor of the Cen terville hotel. He was an old-time Whig and opposed to secession, but after Alabama with drew from the Union and hostilities began he sent four sons into the Confederate Army, later a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: June 6, 1833, to Ann Eliza, daughter of Archibald and Mary (Waddell) McNeill, natives of North Car olina; the former was a farmer and merchant, in early life a school teacher, and held several offices in Moore County, N. C., was a member of both branches of the state legislature, and a member of congress several times, a Whig in politics and a Baptist; granddaughter of Daniel and Sarah McNeill of Scotland who emi grated to North Carolina, and of Edward and Lucy (Birdsong) Waddell, natives of Virginia, who emigrated to North Carolina, and engaged in farming. Children: 1. Louise E.; 2. Wil liam L., bookkeeper and accountant, member Alabama infantry, C. S. Army, m. Annie Lom bard, Mobile; 3. Archibald E., merchant, mem ber Co. C, 4th Alabama infantry regiment, se verely wounded in the first battle of Manassas, m. Ella McCreary, Arcadia, La. ; 4. Margaret E., m. James Lotspeich, cotton broker, Corsicana, Texas; 5. Josiah M., member Co. F., 11th Ala bama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, killed in battle near Richmond, in 1862; 6. Edward, mer chant, member Co. I. 51st Alabama cavalry, C. S. Army, special scout under General Wheeler, m. Mary Crawford, Centerville; 7. Lydia F.; 8. Mary C, m. J. N. Suttle, lawyer and poli tician, Centerville; 9. Annie E. (q. v.); 10. David A., merchant, m. Leila Gary, Selma; 11. John Percy (q. v.). Last residence: Centerville. KENNEDY, SAMUEL P., business man, was bom June 19, 1862, in Knox County, Tenn.; son of Samuel and Margaret Elizabeth (Nail) Kennedy; grandson of Adam Meek and Eliz abeth (Ritchie) Kennedy, and of John and Mary (Steele) Nail, all of Knox County, Tenn. His father and paternal grandfather were farmers and stock raisers. Mr. Kennedy received his early education at Holston academy, Tennessee; entered the railway service with the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia Railway, in the railway department; came to Alabama in 1880 with the South & North Alabama Railroad, and the Selma, Rome & Dalton Railroad, remaining continuously in the railroad business, serving in the roadway, transportation and traffic departments until July, 1900; entered the manufacturing busi ness; is one of the stockholders of the Plant ers' Chemical & Oil Company, fertilizer manu facturers and cotton seed crushers, at Talla dega; and is a stockholder and director in the Talladega Ice & Cold Storage Company; was appointed secretary to the railroad commission of Alabama, March, 1907; and served in that position until his appointment as president of the Alabama public utilities commission by Gov. Charles Henderson, January 19, 1915. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; a Mason; and a Knight Templar. Married: to Mary Pernell, daughter of Col. Henry T. and Mary (Mabry) Dick, of Jefferson County, Tenn. Residence: Anniston. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 967 KENNEDY, THOMAS, lawyer, was born De cember 14, 1831, in Harris County, Ga. de ceased; son of Alexander B. and Elizabeth (Stevens) Kennedy, who moved from Harris County, Ga., to Chambers County in 1836. He attended a high school at Oak Bowery, and was a student at Emory college for several years, leaving college before his graduation because of ill health. He entered the C. S. Army as captain of a company in the Sixth Alabama regiment, Col. Seibles commanding, May, 1861, and after seven months' service, resigned be cause of ill health. In 1863 and 1864, he did post duty in the quartermaster's department at Mobile. He moved to Texas and was ad mitted to the supreme court at Tyler, return ing to Alabama just before the outbreak of the War of Secession. After the close of the war, he practiced law at Opelika; was admitted to the supreme court at Montgomery in 1888; was a member of the State legislature, 1876- 1877, and 1900-1901; and served as commis sioner of the Opelika police board for two terms of two years each. He was a Democrat, and a Methodist. Married: November 15, 1889, at Columbus, Ga., to Mary J. Luckie. Among his children is Minnie Kennedy, of Opelika. Last residence: Opelika. KENNEDY, WILLIAM, soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, age not given, resided in Mar ion County, June 1, 1840, with J. Kennedy. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. KENNEDY, WILLIAM H., physician, was born January 2, 1829, in Tuscaloosa County; son of Reuben B. and Mary (Davis) Kennedy, natives of South Carolina, the former who came to Alabama when a young man and set tled in Tuscaloosa County, where he lived thirty-five years, then migrated to Texas to spend the remainder of his days; grandson of Maxwell and Frances Kennedy, natives of Vir ginia, who come to Alabama when the state was a dense wilderness. He was reared and educated in Tuscaloosa County; was graduated from the Memphis medical school in 1851; practiced medicine until 1861; and entered the New Orleans medical school for advanced studies in the profession. After leaving that institution, he practiced medicine around Ken nedy, Lamar County. He was an extensive planter and also was in the drug business at Kennedy. He was the first successful Demo cratic candidate to the State legislature from his district after the War of Secession. He was a Methodist and a Mason. Married: m 1855, to Eliza C. Cooper, daughter of Mar tin Cooper, of Mississippi. Children: 1. Fan nie, m. W. T. Walker; 2. John O., phy sician, m. in 1888, to Miss Winston, Kennedy; 3. James Thomas, internal revenue service, Kennedy; 4. Mollie, m. Dr. John H. Duncan; 5. Joseph L„ deceased; 6. Eddie, deceased; 7. Elijah, deceased. Last residence; Kennedy, Lamar County. KENNON, W. P., Piolieei''7as^or-lnRA11 ^i3' in TasDer County, Ga., and died in 1885. The Kennon family yi's of. Scotch «^on. the American branch originating in Virginia, ana descending from Pocahontas. He went to Co lumbus, Ga., to study law under the famous Colquitt, but gave up the study of law for that of medicine before he was admitted to the bar. His studies were interrupted by the Indian troubles and he joined a company under Capt. Brown to help subdue the Indians. He took part in several battles in Florida. In 1838, he moved to Oak Bowery, where he resumed the study of medicine under Dr. Tucker, and later practiced his profession there for several years. In 1850, he moved to Wacooche Valley, where he resided on the river-side a number of years, and in 1861, settled in Salem, Lee County. He entered the C. S. Army and served as physician of his company until 1864, when an attack of rheumatism compelled him to withdraw. He practiced medicine for forty years until his death in 1885. He was a Democrat. Married: in 1838, to Elizabeth Story. Children: 1. Dixon, d. in the War of Secession; 2. Warner P., jr., merchant and farmer, conducts an ax and handle factory at Salem, has served as county commissioner, m. in 1871, in Salem, to Margaret Corcoran, children, Mary, William, deceased, Frances, deceased, Stokes, Paul Dun can, Charles, Nellie, and Bernard; 3. Robert; 4. Frank; 5. Mrs. Julia Dunn; 6. Mrs. Louisa White, deceased; 7. Mrs. Samuel Hill; 8. Mrs. Emma Head; 9. Mrs. Frank Hill. Last resi dence: Salem, Lee County. KENT, JAMES, physician, was born January 8, 1830, in Petersburg, Va., and died May 5, 1881, in Birmingham; son of Charles and Sarah Edwards (Walthall) Kent, natives, respective ly, of Boston, Mass., and of Virginia. He was graduated from William and Mary College, Vir ginia, in 1848, and was graduated in medicine and surgery from the University of Pennsyl vania in 1850. He practiced medicine until Alabama seceded from the union, then, as cap tain of the Independent Blues, a volunteer com pany of Selma, was ordered with his company by Gov. Moore, in January, 1861, to occupy Fort Morgan. Later his company volunteered for the war, and left for Virginia, May 28, 1861. While in camp near Richmond, the company was assigned to the Eighth Alabama regiment, and sent to the peninsula, where Gen. Magruder was in command. In 1862, the Forty-fourth Alabama regiment was formed, and Dr. Kent was elected colonel. It was assigned to Long- street's corps, army of northern Virginia. After a few months of service, Dr. Kent's health failed so much that he was forced to resign his command and undergo medical treatment in Petersburg, Va. When Selma was attacked, April 2, 1865, by Gen. Wilson, he served at the fortifications as surgeon. After the war, he resumed the practice of medicine until 1876, when his health failed and caused him to give up his profession. He retired to Shades Moun tain, near Birmingham. He was elected to the State legislature from Jefferson County in 1880, and died the following year. Married: to Mary Grey. Last residence: Shades Mountain. KERR, T. BEN, lawyer, was born June 18, 1871, at White Plains, Calhoun County; son of Andrew Jennings and Josie Margia (Hughes) 968 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Kerr, the former a member of Co. H, 10th Alabama infantry regiment and a South Caro linian, who lived at Piedmont twenty years prior to his death; grandson of John T. A. and Mary (Brown) Hughes, natives of S. C. He was educated in the common schools of White Plains; at the Southern university, Greensboro, 1891-92, taking a special course; read law and was admitted to the bar at Centre, July, 1893; began practice at Piedmont, where he has since resided. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Knight of Pythias; and Mason. Married: December 29, 1909, at Elloree, S. C, to Annie, daughter of John M. and Amanda Weeks. Residence: Piedmont. KERR, WILLIAM, deputy grand master, grand council, Masons, 1864. KETCHUM, CHARLES THOMAS, cotton merchant, planter, colonel C. S. Army, was born December 24, 1815, at Sand Hills, Au gusta County, Ga., and died December 22, 1876, in Washington County; son of Ralph and Chris tiana Colden (Griffith) Ketchum (q. v.) ; broth er of Maj. William H. Ketchum (q. v.), and of Dr. George Augustus Ketchum (Q. v.). He received his early education in the schools of Augusta, Ga., and attended Columbia col lege. He was a cotton planter in Augusta, Ga., until 1870, at which time he moved to Alabama, and became an extensive planter in Washington County. During the War of Seces sion, he served in the C. S. Army as colonel of the Thirty-eighth Alabama infantry regiment. He was reared a Presbyterian, but died in the Episcopalian faith. Married: (1) October 12, 1839, at Sand Hills, Augusta, Ga., to Emily Joyce Sims, daughter of Benjamin and Priscilla (Meade) Sims, who lived at that place, the former a member of the legislature of Georgia in 1798, brother of James Sims, a representa tive from Columbia, Ga., to the State legisla ture, and of Charles Sims, who served at the battles of Red Branch, Fort Mifflin and Fort Mercer, was at Valley Forge, and was a mem ber of the Cincinnati and pall bearer to the commander in chief, granddaughter of Col. William Sims, a staff officer to Gen. Washing ton, and of Col. William Meade„ of Royal For est Place, Bedford County, Va., who fought in the French, Indian and Colonial Wars, gave active service during the Revolution, and was a staff officer under Washington, and a member of the Roll of Honor; (2) July 6, 1843, at Mt. Vernon, to Kate Eliza Ewing. Children: 1. Mary Anna, m. Col. Thomas Kilshaw Irwin, both deceased; 2. Alfred Huntington, m. De cember 22, 1874, to Mary A. Rucker; 3. Charles Colden, m. January 26, 1876, to Sallie E. Wil liams- 4. Jennie, deceased; 5. Sallie, deceased; 6. Kate, deceased; 7. Ralph, d. in infancy; 8. George, d. in infancy. Last residence: Wash ington County. KETCHUM, GEORGE AUGUSTUS, physi cian, was born April 6, 1825, in Augusta, Ga.; son of Ralph and Christiana Colden (Griffith) Ketchum (q. v.); brother of Col. Charles Thomas Ketchum (q. v.), and of Maj. William H Ketchum (q. v.). He was prepared for col lege by private tutors, and was about to enter the sophomore class at Princeton, when his father's failure in business caused him to change his plans, leading him, at the age of sixteen, to accept the position of assistant teacher in the Female academy at Livingston, taught by his former tutor, A. A. Kimball. Later he studied medicine under Dr. F. A. Ross, of Mobile, and was resident medical stu dent in the city hospital for about two years. He took a course of lectures in the Medical col lege of South Carolina, at Charleston, 1844- 1845, and in the spring of the latter year went to Philadelphia, Pa., where he was an interne for four months in the Blocksley almshouse, and a student at the University of Pennsyl vania, from which he was graduated M. D., 1846. He immediately began the practice of medicine in Mobile, and in the yellow fever epidemics of 1847 and 1848, he ventured for the first time in the history of medicine to ad minister large doses of quinine in the early stages of the disease — a practice which after ward became very general in the southern states. He was elected physician to the city hospital in 1848, and during the same year, in conjunction with Dr. J. C. Nott and others, established a private infirmary for the accom modation of sick negroes, which became a pros perous institution and continued in use until the close of the War of Secession. In 1858, he joined with Dr. Nott and others in organizing the Medical college of Alabama, and the fol lowing year was elected professor of theory and practice of medicine, and on the resigna tion of Dr. William H. Anderson, was made dean of the faculty. In 1861, he was one of the four delegates sent from Mobile to the secession convention. He went as volunteer surgeon with the first company of state artil lery to Pensacola, and was there commissioned surgeon of the Fifth Alabama infantry, which regiment was soon ordered to Virginia. On his way through Mobile, he was solicited by Dr. Nott to accept a position as surgeon of an organization formed for the defense of the city, as the people of Mobile were almost desti tute of medical aid. He accepted that post, and continued in that position until the close of the war. Dr. Ketchum was at various times before, during and after the war a member of the Mo bile city council, and in that capacity was one of the deputation which, in 1865, surrendered the city to Gen. Gordon Granger. In 1847, he took part in the organization of the Medical Association of the State of Alabama, and was its first secretary. He aided in the re-organ ization of the association in 1868, was its orator in 1870, its president in 1874, and after that date a member of the board of censors of the committee of public health. He was a member of the Mobile Medical Society from its organization and served as its president several times. He was a member of the Ameri can Medical Association; of the American Pub lic Health Association; was elected president of the Mobile board of health in 1871, and re elected annually for many years; was a mem ber of the Ninth International medical con gress; and was responsible for securing to the JUDGE HENDERSON M. SOMERVILLE DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 971 city of Mobile an abundant supply of pure water. He was author of a number of pub lished papers, among which are "Periodicity of Disease," 1851; "Valedictory Address," 1851; "Report on the Diseases of Mobile"; "The San itary Needs of the State," 1874, all published in the Proceedings of the Medical Association of Alabama. He was a Democrat. Married: in November, 1848, in Philadelphia, Pa., to Susan Burton, a descendant of one of the original Quaker families who came to America with William Penn. Children: 1. a daughter. Last residence: Mobile. KETCHUM, RALPH, merchant, was born January 7, 1780, on Long Island, N. Y., and died in 1852, at Mobile; son of James and Sarah (Burr) Ketchum, who lived in Norwalk, Conn., until they were, with other loyalists, driven out of Norwalk to Long Island during the Revolutionary War, and who moved to St. John, New Brunswick, after the Revolution, and later lived in Kings County and at Wood stock, New Brunswick, the former who fol lowed the sea with his two brothers, all stanch tories, each commanding ships in the West India trade, the latter a sister-in-law of Jona than Sturges, a member of the first congress under the constitution from Connecticut, and a cousin of Aaron Burr; grandson of Joseph Ketchum, 2nd; great-grandson of Joseph and Mercy (Lindall) Ketchum, who lived at Nor walk, Conn., the former the first settler who took out what was called home lots in Nor walk, the latter who lived in New Haven, Conn., prior to her marriage, April 3, 1679; great-great-grandson of Henry and Rosamond Lindall. The origin of the Ketchum family is Welsh, and the name has a coat of arms. Mr. Ketchum was a brother of Richard Ketchum, a lieutenant-colonel of the Carleton County militia, from New Brunswick, War of 1812, and a member of the house of assembly for the county of York, New Brunswick, in 1827. He was educated in New Brunswick, and left that place at an early age and went to New York. In 1800, he accompanied his uncle, Josiah Sturges, to Augusta, Ga., where the lat ter established a commercial house. Mr. Ketchum succeeded to the business, and re mained in Augusta until 1835, when he moved to Mobile. He was a Presbyterian, and an elder in the church for thirty years. Married: in 1807, in Woodstock, New Brunswick, to Christiana Colden Griffith, daughter of Col. Benjamin and Mary (Carson) Griffith, the former an officer in the British Army, who par ticipated in the siege of Savannah, the latter a native of Lancaster, Pa.; granddaughter of George Griffith, bishop; and a lineal descendant of Lewellyn ap Griffith, last king of Wales, beheaded because of his Romanist religion. The Griffith family is connected with the New York Coldens and the Pennsylvania Cadwalla- ders. Children: 1. Rev. Richard Colden, Pres byterian minister, m. to a daughter of Judge A. B. Longstreet; 2. Maj. William H. (q. v.); 3 Col. Charles Thomas (q. v.) ; 4. Capt. John R of the C. S. Army, who died in the de fense of Atlanta in the first battle fought after Vol. ni— 62 the removal of Gen. Johnston; 5. Dr. George Augustus (q. v.). Last residence: Mobile. KETCHUM, WILLIAM H., cotton broker, major, C. S. Army, was born in 1821, in Au gusta, Ga., and died June 25, 1865, in Mobile; son of Ralph and Christiana Colden (Griffith) Ketchum (q. v.) ; and brother of Col. Charles Thomas Ketchum (q. v.), and of Dr. George Augustus Ketchum (q. v.). He was educated in Augusta, Ga., and moved to Mobile with his parents in 1837. He served in the Mexican War as captain of Co. H, First Alabama regiment of volunteers, Col. John R. Caffey in command. He served under Gen. Zachary Taylor at Camp Belknap on the Rio Grande, and was with Gen. Winfield Scott's army at the time peace negotiations were opened. He was elected cap tain of the Alabama state artillery in De cember, 1856, and was commander of a com pany known as the Continentals. At the be ginning of the War of Secession, he went to the front as captain of the famous Ketchum's battery, and took part in the battles of Shiloh and Farmington. He was slightly wounded at Shiloh, and was sent home on sick leave May 25, 1862. After his recovery, he was appointed chief of artillery of Canty's brigade, and com manded three batteries of artillery with the rank of major. While holding that position, he took part in the battles of Resaca, Cassville, and New Hope Church, and was disabled at the latter place. He was sent to Mobile to await orders, and upon his arrival at that place was appointed provost marshal and also com mandant of the post under Gen. Dabney Maury. The duties of both positions proved too ar duous, and the latter was given to Gen. Thomas Taylor. The position of provost marshal he held until the surrender of Mobile and the evacuation of that place. In mercantile life, he was almost always in the cotton brokerage business, and was at different times in his life associated in that business with W. Berry, Col. T. K. Irwin, and Capt. J. H. Pope. Mar ried: twice. Children: 1. Mary Easton, m. Col. B. S. DeLeon, of Atlanta, Ga.; 2. William H., jr., deceased; 3. Adele, deceased, m. to Dr. Montgomery Inge, of Alabama, left one daugh ter, Adele Ketchum, who married John Blocker Thornton, ' of Tuscaloosa. Last residence: Mobile. KETTIG, WILLIAM HENRY, business man and developer, was born August 6, 1863, at Louisville, Ky.; son of Ernest and Josephine Kettig, who came from Germany and settled in Louisville, Ky., the former a merchant at that place for many years. He was educated in the public schools of Louisville, and finished his education at the University of Heidelberg, Germany. On his return to Louisville, he en tered business at that place, starting as office boy for a mill supply house. He was rapidly promoted, and was serving as traveling sales man for the company, when, in 1886, he re signed his position and came to Birmingham. With Maj. Willis J. Milner, he organized the Milner & Kettig Company, which grew in size until it extended through seven states. After being in business for twenty years, the firm, in 972 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 1905, sold out to the Crane Company, of Chi cago, 111. Mr. Kettig retained his connection with the new firm and has been manager of the Birmingham branch of the Crane Company since that time. He was for several years a member of the board of aldermen of Birming ham; was president of the Chamber of Com merce; president of the Country Club; and of the Southern Club. During the war between the United States and Germany, he was actively engaged in assisting the government in all public movements necessitated by the war. He was chairman of the first liberty loan com mittee, and was the active representative of the government in connection with all of the liberty loans. He was a member of the capi tal issues committee appointed by the govern ment to supervise the issuing of all new se curities, and served the government for nearly two years during the war without compensa tion of any kind. He was chief of engineers with the rank of colonel, on the staff of Gov. Comer, of Alabama state militia. The camp of the Fourth regiment, Alabama national guard, at East Lake, was named Camp William H. Kettig in his honor, August 7, 1913. He is a Democrat; a thirty-second degree Mason, a Knight Templar and a life member of the Mystic Shrine. Married: in December, 1891, to Laura M. Moody, daughter of Maj. W. A. and Mildred Moody, who lived at Birmingham. Children: 1. William H. jr.; 2. Mildred; 3. Dorothy. Residence: Birmingham. KEY, THOMAS JEFFERSON, editor, was born January 17, 1831, near Bolivar, Hardeman, County, Tenn., and died April 5, 1908, at Nash ville, Tenn.; son of Chesley Daniel and Nar cissus (Bailey) Key, of Albemarle County, Va., who removed to Kentucky when twenty years of age and located later in Jacinto, Miss., and was probate judge of Tishomingo County; grandson of James Key and wife, Miss Daniels, who lived near Madisonville, Ky., and of Dr. Bailey. Francis Scott Key. author of "The Star Spangled Banner," belonged to the same family, and the paternal grandmother was closely re lated to the line from which Senator John W. Daniels, the eminent Virginia orator and states man sprang. The farm of the Chesley Daniels adjoined the Monticello lands, home "of Thomas Jefferson, and the owner's friendship with his great neighbor led to the name being given to the son. Thomas Jefferson Key removed to Jacinto, Miss., with his parents when a lad and his early education was received in a primitive log school house. He was for a while, 1851, a student in the La Grange college, Alabama. At fourteen years of age he was apprenticed to the publisher of a weekly paper, "The Day Book" at Tuscumbia. In a short time he had mas tered the printer's trade and bought the paper which he had served as an apprentice. Soon thereafter, while in his early twenties, he re moved to Doniphan, Kans.. and began the pub lication of a Democratic paper there. The agi tation about the abolition of the slaves was at its height and the question of Kansas being a free or slave state superinduced great bitter ness between parties and especially among pub licists. He was elected one of the delegates to frame the state constitution, but the United States congress refused, under the leadership of Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois, to admit Kan sas to the Union under this document. Along with other southerners he left that state and located at Helena, Ark., where he edited a Dem ocratic paper. Three years later, 1860, he was elected to the legislature of that state repre senting Phillips County, and was re-elected. While a member of that body the Ordinance of Secession was passed. At the outbreak of the War of Secession he enlisted as a private but was soon made a lieutenant in Calvert's bat tery, Gen. Pat Cleburne's division. Later he was given command of the company, and rose to the rank of major. The command came to be known as "Key's Battery" and it made a glorious record, especially during the hundred days fighting in Georgia and in the Tennessee campaign. After the surrender he returned to his home in Arkansas and farmed. Three years later he removed to Corinth, Miss., and farmed and edited a farmer's paper, "The Model Farmer." His success soon required a broader field and he removed to Louisville, Ky., where he began the publication of the "Southern Agri culturist." On account of the health of mem bers of his family he removed to Montgomery, where he continued to publish the "Southern Agriculturist." While there he was appointed assistant commissioner of agriculture by Gov. Thomas G. Jones and held that office five years. Upon the outbreak of an epidemic of yellow fever once more he removed, carrying his paper with him, and settled in Nashville, Tenn., where he remained until his death. He was a Meth odist; and an Odd Fellow. Married: February, 1852, at Tuscumbia, to Nancy Helen, daughter of Phillip and Mary (Bowen) Palmer of that place; granddaughter of Judge Benjamin Bow en, of Newport, R. I., of Welsh and English parentage. The Palmers were of Scotch descent. Mrs. Key was a graduate of the Tuscumbia female seminary, and assisted her husband in his editorial duties for more than a quarter of a century. Children: 1. Chesley P., farmer, Stewarts, Tenn.; 2. Julia; 3. Emma; 4. Cle burne, printer, Nashville; 5. Pearl. Last resi dence: Nashville, Tenn. KEY, WILLIAM HENRY, lawyer, was born February 8, 1861, at Calhoun, Ga.; son of Wil liam Jasper and Harriet T. (Neal) Key, the former a Georgian, who lived at Calhoun, Ga., was a lieutenant in the C. S. Army, and died from wounds received at the battle of Chicka mauga ; grandson of Pierce and Sarah Key, who moved to Banks County, Ga., from Bedford County, Va., and of William and Luvinia Neal, of Banks County, Ga. He was educated in the rural schools of Banks County, Ga.; was grad uated from the North Georgia agricultural and mechanical college, A. B., 1883; and from a law course at Washington university, St. Louis, Mo. He entered the practice of law at Hamilton, and later moved to Russellville. He served as county solicitor at one time; and was elected to the State senate from the thirty- first district, 1915. He is a Democrat, a Pres byterian, a Mason, a Knight of Pythias, and a DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 973 member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon college frater nity. Married: April 28, 1891, to Josephine Ed wards Wilson, daughter of James Edwards and Josephine Wilson, of Russellville, the former of whom was a Confederate soldier. Residence: Russellville. KEYES, GEORGE, soldier, planter and public man, was born November 8, 1792, in Washington County, Va., and died June 13, 1833, at Athens; twin-son of John Wade and Louisa (Talbot) Keyes (q. v.) of Virginia who came to Alabama Territory and were pioneer settlers of Athens. He was educated in the schools of his communi ty; and at an early age, entered the Indian War, as a captain ; afterward he was made brigadier- general of militia, and bore the title all his life. He was active in all the public affairs of Lime stone County, and wielded much power for good throughout the State. Married: in Ten nessee, to Nellie Rutledge, of that State. Children: 1. Wade, m. Mamie Whitfield, of Florida (q. v.) ; 2. John Washington, m. Julia Louisa Hentz, daughter of Caroline Lee Hentz, author (q. v.) ; 3. George P. (q. v.), m. (1) Fan nie Gayle, of Montgomery, <2) Miss Rivers, of Louisville, Ky.; (3) Jennie S. Rainey; 4. a daughter, m. Judge Henry C. Jones, of Flor ence; 5. a daughter, m. Gen. John Rather, of Tuscumbia. Last residence: Athens. KEYES, GEORGE P., lawyer, editor and pub lic official, was born September 8, 1829, at Athens, and died in Sheffield, but is buried in the Keyes burying plot, near Athens; son of Gen. George and Nellie (Rutledge) Keyes (q. v.); brother of John Washington (q. v.) and Wade Keyes, jr., (q. v.). His educational ad vantages were the best; graduated from La Grange college, in 1847; studied law; admitted to the practice, but relinquished that profession for literary and newspaper work. He edited the "Athens Herald" two years; removed to Montgomery and held office of register in chan cery. In 1861, he volunteered for service at Fort Morgan, Mobile; in 1862, was sergeant- major in Hilliard's legion. Incapacitated in the Kentucky campaign, he returned to Mont gomery and commanded the home guards, to date of surrender. Re-appointed register in chancery, he held that office until ousted by re construction politicians. He was associate editor "Montgomery Advertiser"; in 1880, established "The Alabama Progress;" in 1882, removed to Florence, but later threw his in fluence to the building of Sheffield, being in fluential in inducing capital to invest and de velop the town, erecting the first frame resi dence, and later, the first brick residence there. He promoted many enterprises and was active in all interest of the town, to his death. His editorials and other writings made him widely known He was a Democrat; a Mason; and a Methodist. Married: (1) August, 1859, in Montgomery, to Fannie Gayle; (2) in 1879, in Louisville, Ky, to the daughter of Rev. R. H. Rivers; (3) in 1887, to Jennie S. Rainey, of North Carolina. Last residence: Sheffield. KEYES, JOHN WADE, sr., soldier of the American Revolution, pioneer settler and plant er, was born September 25, 1752, in Mystic, Mass., and died February 13, 1839, at his planta tion home, three miles from Athens; son of Capt. Humphrey and Marcella (Wade) Keyes, of Boston, the former a sea captain, who re moved, about 1775, to Jefferson County, Shen andoah Valley, Va. He was educated in the schools of his community; volunteered in the Revolutionary army, under Gen. John Thomas, of Virginia; was in the battles of Bunker Hill, Trenton, White Plains, Princeton, Brandywine, and King's Mountain. After the close of the war, he settled near Alexandria, Va.; after wards removed to Sullivan County, Tenn.; and later located permanently at Athens, Limestone County, where he was among the founders of that city while Alabama was still a territory. He acquired extensive tracts of land and built a large house, in which he lived and died. He was an ardent admirer of Gen. George Washing ton, and followed him in politics. He and his wife are buried in the old Keyes burying plot, on the old homestead. Married: January 27, 1773, in Alexandria, Va., to Louisa Talbot, a niece of President Monroe. Children: 1. twins, George, m. Nellie Rutledge (q. v.) ; 2. Washing ton. Last residence : Athens.' KEYES, JOHN WASHINGTON, physician and dentist, was born November 24, 1825, at Athens, Limestone County, and died Novem ber 27, 1892, in Florida; son of Gen. George and Nellie (Rutledge) Keyes (q. v.) ; grandson of John Wade Keyes (q. v.) ; brother of George P. (q. v.) and Wade Keyes, jr., (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of Athens; studied medicine; graduated from the Cincinnati dental college, D. D. S., and began practice of dentistry in Montgomery. In 1861, he entered the Con federate service as a member of the Montgom ery rifles; 1862, 2nd lieutenant, Co. A, first battalion, Hilliard's Legion; later 2nd lieuten ant, Co. F, 60th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army; resigned in November, 1862, and was assigned surgeon of the 17th Alabama in fantry regiment. In 1867, he removed with his family to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with the Gunter colony, that left Montgomery to settle in that country, at the invitation of Emperor Dom Pedro. He became dentist to the emperor and the royal family, and was succeeded, upon his resignation of the office, by his son-in-law, Dr. John William Coachman. In the later seventies, he returned to Alabama, and later removed to Wewahitchka, Fla., where he re sided until his death. He was a Democrat; a Mason; and a Methodist. Married: November 4, 1846, in Tuskegee, to Julia Louisa, daughter of Nicholas Marcellus and Caroline Lee (Whit ing) Hentz (q. v.). Children: 1. Ellen, m. James Hunter; 2. Jennie Rutledge, m. James E. Davidson; 3. Eula Hentz, m. Dr. John Wil liam Coachman; 4. Caroline Whiting, m. Ole Pickens; 5. Alice, m. Warren Scott; 6. Julia, m. Frank Branch; 7. Dr. William Baldwin Keyes, m. Annabelle Christy, of London, Eng land; 8. Dr. Charles, m. Emily Longstreet; 9. David, m. Elizabeth Stratford; 10. George, m. Jessie Hentz; 11. Martha, d. young. Last resi dence: Wewahitchka, Fla. 974 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY KEYES, JULIA L., author. Deceased. KEYES, WADE, jr., lawyer, chancellor and assistant attorney-general of the Confederate States of America, was born in 1821, at Moores ville, near Athens, and died in Florence, but is buried in the Keyes burying plot near Athens; son of Gen. George and Nellie (Rutledge) Keyes (q. v.) ; grandson of John Wade Keyes (q. v.) ; brother of George P. (q. v.) and John Washington Keyes (q. v.). He was educated by private tutors, entered LaGrange college, and later the University of Virginia. He studied law in Lexington, Ky., and under Judge Cole man, at Athens. After a tour of Europe, he removed, 1844, to Tallahassee. Author: two volumes on legal subjects, the one on chancery practice won him the chancellorship of the Southern division of Alabama, in 1853, he hav ing returned to Alabama in 1851. In 1861, he was appointed assistant attorney-general, C. S. Army, which position he held throughout the existence of the Confederacy. At the close of the war, he resumed the practice of law, and removed to Florence, where he resided to the day of his death. He was a Democrat; a Mason; and a Methodist. Married: in Florida, to the daughter of Gen. George Whitfield, of Tallahasse. Children: 1. Mary, m. Dr. Charles Boaz Whitfield (q. v.), of Demopolis. Last res idence: Florence. KILBURN, JAMES STERLING, business man and legislator, was born March 3, 1862, in Lauderdale County; son of Russell Marion and Martha Beckwith (Martin) Kilburn, the former of Lawrence County, Tenn., the latter of Florence; grandson of Amos Kilburn and of John M. Martin, of Florence. He is of Irish ancestry. He was educated in the schools of Lauderdale County. He is in the real estate business, and was one of the representatives from Lauderdale County in the legislature of 1911. He is a Democrat; Methodist; Elk; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: February 14, 1895, to Tommie, daughter of Thomas W. and Susan (Tidwell) White, of Florence. Resi dence: Florence. KILBY, THOMAS ERBY, banker, manufac turer, State senator, lieutenant-governor, gov ernor, was born July 9, 1865, at Lebanon, Wil son County, Tenn.; son of Peyton Phillips and Sarah Ann (Marchant) Kilby, the former a native of Wilkes County, N. C, successively a resident of Atlanta, Ga., and of Anniston, where he died; grandson of James Wellborn and Rachael (Colvard) Kilby, of Wilkes Coun ty, N. C, and of John and Sarah (Phillips) Marchant, natives of Glamorganshire, Wales, but who emigrated to Polk County, Tenn., in 1852. The Kilby family came from England and settled in Boston, Mass., in the 17th cen tury, whence descendants removed to Virginia and North Carolina. Governor Kilby received his early education in the public schools of Atlanta. Upon reaching manhood he removed to Anniston where he began his business career as agent for the Georgia-Pacific railway. He quickly began to reveal his business abilities, and in 1899, in association with the late Oscar E Smith, organized and operated the Kilby locomotive and machine plant, of which he was president, later acquiring his partner's inter ests. In 1903 he was elected vice-president of the Kilby frog and switch company of Birming ham and became president of the City na tional bank of Anniston in 1905. His interest in civic and political matters was co-incident with his business growth, and in 1898 he was elected to membership in the city council of Anniston, serving two years. During 1900-05, he was a member of the board of education of his town and during 1905-09 was mayor. Upon Governor Comer's election to office he appointed Mr. Kilby as inspector-general, with rank of colonel on his staff, an honor held through 1907-10. While mayor of Anniston he reor ganized the city's finances and dealt with all municipal problems in a constructive way. The business section of the city was paved, forty miles of cement sidewalks were laid, the city's water and light contracts re-written, public service corporations were required to remove tile unsightly wooden poles from the main streets, and place them in the alleys, and a "city beautiful" campaign inaugurated that gave to Anniston the sobriquet of the "model city;" bucket shops and gambling joints were abolished and saloons were, under the local option law, voted out, and the will of the people rigidly enforced on that point. Following this work for his city, Col. Kilby made a trip to Europe to study state and municipal systems in the old world. Upon his return he an nounced his candidacy for the State senate from Calhoun County, to which he was elected serving 1911-15. During his legislative career he brought himself before the people as the earnest advocate of the prohibition laws then upon the statute books, and in 1914 was elected as lieutenant-governor of Alabama, his oppo nents in the Democratic primaries of April 6th being Scott Chestnut and T. A. Curry, and in the fall election, George Beyer, Republican, C. B. Farman, Progressive, and W. H. Chichester, Socialist. Through this position he became presiding officer of the senate. The unbusiness like methods of handling financial matters prac ticed by the legislators convinced him of the need of reforms, which he used every means to inaugurate. The time honored custom of "log-rolling" in the enactment of revenue bills during the last days of a legislative session tvas so revolting to him that he made a budget system the chief plank in his platform when he announced his candidacy for governor in 1918. On assuming the office of lieutenant- governor he won in a contention with the in coming administration to name the senate com mittees. During the Comer administration a prohibition law was enacted which made the state bone dry. During Governor O'Neal's ad ministration these statutes were repealed, and it fell to the hands of the legislature elected with Governor Henderson to restore the state to the bone dry column. Lieutenant-Governor Kilby, as second in command, rendered valiant services towards that end by naming a major ity of prohibition members on every important committee in the senate, and throughout the session his influence went towards the redemp tion of pledges he had made during the cam- DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 975 paign. While making the race for the gov ernorship the eighteenth amendment to the con stitution of the United States was before the people, offering nation-wide prohibition, and in volving in the merits of the question the old States Rights principles so steadfastly adhered to by the people of Alabama and the South. A firm stand in favor of the ratification of the amendment was taken by Governor Kilby with out harmful effect upon his candidacy. His opponents were William W. Brandon, John H. Wallace, jr., and Charles N. Teasley. Governor Kilby's inauguration was an im posing event, taking place upon the portico of the south wing of the capitol, preceded by a parade participated in by columns of sol diers just returned home from overseas serv ice, including the famous 167th regiment, of the Rainbow Division, A. E. F., led by Col. William P. Screws; veterans of the War of Secession, units of the Alabama National Guards, and city, county and state officials. The armistice had been signed only about two months earlier and while the governor was making his inaugural address, January 18, 1919, aeroplanes from Wright's Field encircled the crowd from overhead. The legislature that came into office with Governor Kilby recessed after fulfilling its pledges on the main issues of the times, and reconvened in July. In mid summer of the next year a special session was called, beginning September 24, 1920. Gov ernor Kilby, like Governor Comer, entered upon his duties with a legislature in sympathy with the platform pledges but division arose over the radical reforms proposed by the governor in the reorganization of the State's finances and the business management of the State gov ernment. However the chief executive had enough supporters to enact the important statutes advocated by him. One of the first bills to become a law was that creating a bud get commission, composed of the governor, at torney general and state auditor. This com mittee framed financial legislation whereby the State would live within its income during the four years following, and set aside funds with which to reduce materially, if not eliminate the floating debt estimated at around a million dollars Other constructive measures passed by the first legislature of the Kilby administration was School code through which a State board of education was created and many Progressive changes made in the educational system. A code Commissioner was chosen; good road leg islation was passed, and an amendment to the constitution of the State was ntattodtotta people, permitting the issuance by the State of a twenty-five million dollar bond issue to match thai sum appropriated by Congress through the Bankhead good roads bill : tor high way Improvement, the interest on the bonds to be paid from automobile licenses. The sys tem prodding for three members of a tax equal- zation board for each county was amended to Provide one tax adjuster for each county n the state except Jefferson County, which was Innw J three A new revenue bill was passed creaTteg a new tax system. In drafting this revenue bill, Governor Kilby first recommended a graduated income tax and an excess profit tax. The latter, however, was later withdrawn, leav ing the income tax and a tax of two cents on every ton of coal mined in Alabama to become a law. A workmen's compensation act was passed; an increase in Confederate pensions was made; a bone-dry prohibition law was en acted and a law enforcement department was created; the convict lease system was abol ished to become effective January 1, 1923; tax exemptions in favor of foreign capital devel oping local industries was prohibited for the future; a law was passed requiring State offi cials to reside in Montgomery. A special session of the legislature was made necessary in the fall of 1920 when Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify the Susan B. Anthony amendment to the federal constitution enfranchising women. The legislature amended the election laws so as to enfranchise the women of Alabama, who voted in the presi dential election of that year for the first time. While the legislature was in session the strike of the coal miners in the Birmingham district developed a situation detrimental to the public welfare and State troops were dispatched to the regions of the disturbance. A commission was appointed to study conditions and upon evidence in the report the legislature author ized the creation of a fuel administrator through whose agency it was proposed that all necessary coal for industrial and domestic uses should be available at fair prices. During his administration Governor Kilby has twice visited foreign countries, Canada and Mexico, going to the latter country in 1920, officially to attend the inauguration of Presi dent Obregon. He is a Democrat; Episcopalian; a 32nd degree Mason; Shriner; and Knight of Pythias. Married: June 5, 1894, in Annis ton, to Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Whitfield and Anne Horry (Dent) Clark, of Clayton, Colonel of the 39th Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. A.; granddaughter of John Horry and Mary Elizabeth (Morris) Dent and of James and Harriet (Wise) Clark, of Edgefield District, S. C; great-granddaughter of Capt. John Herbert and Anne (Horry) Dent, the for mer an officer in the U. S. Navy, and of James Whitfield Clark, and of Lewis Jacob Wise, both of Edgefield District, S. C. Children: I. Anne Horry, m. Gilbert E. Porter, III, of Chicago; 2. Oscar Marchant; 3. Thomas Erby, jr., both of Anniston. Residence : Anniston. KILLEBREW, T. J., manufacturer, was born about 1840, in Georgia; son of Marmaduke N. and Maria L. (Wiggins) Killebrew, who were married in 1839, in Warren County, Ga., lived in Sumter County and Clay County, Ga., then moved to Alabama in 1865, settling in Dale County on the Choctawhatchee River, the former a farmer, miller, and woolen manufac turer. He was reared on the farm and edu cated by private tutors. At the outbreak of the War of Secession he entered the state militia for six months, then enlisted in the C. S. Army. He was assigned to the eastern army, and served most of the time during the 976 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY war in garrison duty along the Atlantic coast, though he participated in the three days' battle of Bentonville. He was discharged from the army, April 30, 1865, returned home, and be gan farming. He continued farming for six years, then became engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods with his father in the firm of Killebrew and son. In 1885, he purchased his father's interest and controlled the entire busi ness. He took an active part in securing the railroad through Newton, and is a stockholder in the company. He is a Democrat and a Methodist. Married: in September, 1865, to Martha S. Blocker, daughter of Stephen S. and Rebecca (Rice) Blocker. She was born and reared in southwest Georgia, and was gradu ated with first honors from the Southern Ma sonic female college, Covington, Ga. Chil dren: 1. Oscar D., was graduated from Auburn college, 1889, civil engineer; 2. Ida, was gradu ated from Wesleyan female college, at Macon, Ga., with extraordinary honors; 3. Adus E.; 4. Thomas J. jr.; 5. Emmett S.; 6. Albert R.; 7. Lila. Residence: Dale County. KILLEN, HENRY ALEXANDER, business man, was born January 31, 1837, at Bluewater, Lauderdale County; son of John and Susan (Richardson) Killen, the former a native of Averysboro, N. C, who was a major of militia for a number of years; grandson of James and Nancy (McDougal) Killen, and of John and Catherine (Stubbs) Richardson, of Lauder dale County. The Killens were of Irish de scent; the McDougals, Scotch; the Richardsons, English; and the Stubbs, Dutch. He received a limited education in the country schools; en gaged in farming and merchandising; was elected county commissioner in 1874, and served two successive terms; represented Lau derdale County in the State legislature, 1896, 1898, 1902 and 1906. During the War of Se cession, he entered the C. S. Army as first lieutenant of Co. E, Twenty-seventh Alabama infantry regiment, serving throughout the war. He is a Democrat and a Mason. Married: (1) in December, 1860, to Mary Allen, deceased, daughter of Bluford and Telitha (Harrison) Allen, of Lauderdale County; (2) July 26, 1866, to Sallie A., daughter of John and Marcy (Mayfield) Robinson, of the same county. Children: 1. James Sharp, m. Jennie Peden; 2. Nettie Jane, m. R. F. Williams; 3. Mary Cora, m. John Springer; 4. Birdie Lee, m. Wil liam Lumpkin; 5. Daniel Fisher, m. Maud Mackey; 6. Robert Bruce, m. Velma Hail; 7. Sallie Cleveland, m. Mead Harwell. Residence: Green Hill. KILLOUGH, JOHN NEWTON, physician, was born February 21, 1865, at Woodlawn; son of William and Hulda Parmelia (Pool) Kil lough, who lived and died in Jefferson County, the former a native of Tennessee, a planter who was twice married, and who organized the Five Mile church in the Killough home stead in 1850; grandson of James and Sarah (Mitchell) Killough, who were married in Tennessee in 1797, moved to Alabama in 1820, first locating on a farm near Birmingham, Jefferson County, and moving in 1831 to Huff man, where they established the Killough Place, one of the old time manors of slavery days, and of Mitchell and Mary (Gilbert) Pool, the former a physician, who came to Alabama with a colony from South Carolina, his native state, in 1812; great-grandson of James Killough, who came from Ireland in 1750 with his family and settled in South Carolina. Dr. Killough received his education at Oak Grove high school and at the Kentucky school of medicine, where he was graduated in 1887. He took a post-graduate course in Johns Hopkins university in 1901; began the prac tice of medicine in Huffman; and in 1901 moved to Woodlawn, where he has continued his practice. He is a member of the Jefferson County medical society, of the State medical association of Alabama, of the American medi cal association, and is examiner for several in surance companies. He is a Democrat; a rul ing elder in the Cumberland Presbyterian church; an Odd Fellow; and a Red Man. Mar ried: September 12, 1895, to Mary Lena, daugh ter of B. W. and Mary Eaton (Lett) Tay lor, of Huffman, the former a farmer who served through the War of Secession in the C. S. Army; granddaughter of Thomas and Polly (Brazil) Taylor; great-granddaughter of Rollen Taylor, who emigrated from South Caro lina to Georgia in 1820. Mrs. Killough was graduated from the Alabama conference fe male college at Tuskegee, M. E. L., 1888. Resi dence: Woodlawn. KILPATRICK, JOHN YOUNG, lawyer, planter, was bora January 18, 1835, at Scotch- Irish Township, Rowan County, N. C; son of Rufus Hale and Eliza (Young) Kilpatrick, na tives of Rowan County, N. C, who lived at that place, the former a graduate of Hampden-Sid ney college, Virginia, who devoted his life to teaching, and moved to Alabama after his wife's death, locating in Marengo County in 1844, and at Grove Hill, Clarke County, in 1846; grandson of Rev. Joseph Dickey and Margaret (Dickey) Kilpatrick, who lived at Third Creek church, Rowan County, N. C, and of John and Margaret (Boroughs) Young, of the same place; great-grandson of William Kilpatrick, a Scotch-Irishman who came to America in 1755 and settled in North Caro lina where he was married. His ancestors served with the colonists in the Revolutionary War. He was taught by his father and pre pared for the sophomore class in college when he was sixteen years old. As his father's health failed at that time, he did not enter college, but began to teach school. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in September, 1857, and began to practice in Monroeville, Monroe County, late in that year. He moved to Clarke County in January, 1858; served as sub-elector on the Breckenridge and Lane ticket in 1860; refused to act as a delegate to the se cession convention from Clarke County that same year; was mustered into the C. S. Army as a private soldier, April 1, 1861; was com missioned first lieutenant of Co. I, Adams' regi ment of cavalry, in September, 1861; was pro moted to captain, and served in that capacity until the end of the war. He was elected to WILLIAM J. VAIDEN DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 979 the legislature from Clarke County in 1863, while serving in the army, and was absent from his company only long enough to attend the sessions. He refused to act as a delegate to the reconstruction convention in 1865, but accepted the election to the state senate from Clarke, Monroe and Baldwin Counties in that year. He moved to Camden in 1866, and con tinued serving in the State senate until re moved from office by the reconstruction acts in 1868. He was a Tilden and Hendricks presi dential elector in 1876, and was elected to the State senate from Wilcox County in 1894. He followed the practice of law until he retired in 1903, and for many years controlled farm ing interests. He is a Democrat; a Presby terian; a Mason; Knight of Pythias; and a Knight of Honor. Married: (1) August 28, 1862, in Clarke County, to Virginia, who died November 28, 1864, daughter of Morgan and Elizabeth (Dickinson) Carleton, who lived in Clarke County, the former a native of North Carolina, the latter a native of Virginia and a sister of Hon. James S. Dickinson, member of the Confederate congress; (2) in Decem ber, 1867, to Mary Ellen Phillips, of Dallas County, who died in 1869, daughter of Dr. John B. and Mary (Swift) Phillips; (3) in 1876, to Lizzie Carleton, cousin of his first wife; (4) in 1882, to Mary Carleton, who died in 1900, sister of Lizzie Carleton, daughter of George and A. Maria (Pogue) Carleton. Children: by third marriage: 1. John Y., jr., register in chan cery, m. to Ella Mary Cook, of Camden, child, John Young; 2. Lida May, Camden; by fourth marriage: 3. Dr. George Carleton, physician, Pensacola, Fla.; 4. Rufus Hale, lawyer and rail road man, m. Leila Whitney of Atlanta, Ga., child, George Emmet; 5. Ellen P., Camden; 6. Emmet, teacher. Last residence: Camden. KIMBALL, ALLEN, physician, was born in November, 1803, at Midway, N. C, and died at Waverly, in 1871; son of Abington and Mary (Allen) Kimball; grandson of Bartholomew and Agnes (Gilliam) Kimball of Granville County, now Henderson, N. C. Dr. Kimball graduated from Medical college, Louisville, Ky, 1827; practiced his profession in Columbia County, Ga., near Ware's Ferry, Tallapoosa River; and near Waverly, Tallapoosa County. He served in the Alabama legislature, 1844-45, and in the senate in 1852-3; was a member of the Seces sion convention, 1861, and voted against the Ordinance of Secession but after its passage lent all aid possible to the defense of the State, losing in the war that followed a son and two sons-in-law. He was a Whig until 1855, then a Know Nothing and after the war a Democrat. Married: in 1828, to Mary Ann, daughter of Dr. Nathan and Mary (Marshall) Crawford of Columbia County, Georgia, the former was a native of Virginia, cousin to William H. and George Crawford of Georgia and of Chief Jus tice John Marshall; was a descendant of Rev. Daniel Marshall, chaplain in the Revolutionary War. John Crawford, an early American an cestor came from Scotland and was killed in Bacon's Rebellion. Children: 1. Mary Isabella, m Benjamin Walton, killed in War of Seces sion- 2. Augusta Ann, m. Dr. Robert Rowell; 3. Eugenia Frances, m. Hon. David B. Culber son, long a representative in congress from Texas, and father of Senator Charles A. Cul berson (q. v.); 4. Amaret, died young; 5. Lunsford, m. Nora Bryant; 6. Nathan Craw ford, m. Lula Walton; 7. Aurelia Stella, m. Capt. A. C. Read; 8. Charles Bernadotte, killed in War of Secession; 9. Pamela Jane, m. James Johnson; 10. Rebecca Gertrude, m. Dr. George W. Vines. Last residence: Waverly. KIMBALL, ISHAM, circuit clerk, register in chancery, planter and merchant, was born March 31, 1797, in Warren County, N. C, and died at a very mature age in Clarke County, son of Kimball and the first of his four wives, a native of North Carolina who removed in 1807 with several of his orphan children to the Tombigbee settlement, on the west side of the river, near McGrews reserve; in 1812 he located on Bassetts Creek, four miles east of Grove Hill, where he married his fourth wife, who with his younger children and some of the family slaves were murdered by the Indians just prior to the attempted mac- sacre of Ft. Sinquefield, a blow which he did not long survive. Isham, sixteen years of age, came under the care of R. R. Harwell who ad ministered upon the father's estate and gave the orphan boy a home. In 1815 he engaged in the mercantile business with a Mr. Taylor and later served as postmaster, register in chan cery, and clerk of the circuit court of Clarke County, 1833-49, resigned in the latter year to devote himself to his extensive planting inter ests. Married: in 1821, to Martha T., daughter of Josiah (or John) and Sarah Carney. She was a native of North Carolina who came with her parents to the river settlements about 1812. Numerous descendants survived him. Last residence: Jackson Community, Clarke County. KIMBELL, JOHN C, major, 32nd Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. KIMBROUGH, GEORGE R., lieutenant- colonel, 19th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army. KIMBROUGH, J. R., educator; superintend ent 'of city school, Springville. KINARD, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 82, resided in Randolph County, June 1, 1840, with Barnett Kinard. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p 148. KING, EDMUND RUSH, farmer and public official, was born June 16, 1855, in Tuscaloosa County, and died November 22, 1900, at Tus caloosa; son of Michael A. and Annie S. (Bealle) King, the former a prominent citizen of Huntsville who represented Madison County in the State legislature, 1847, 1849, and 1851; grandson of John S. Bealle, a native of Bal timore and one of the early settlers in Tusca loosa County. Mr. King attended the schools of Tuscaloosa County, the University of Vir ginia, and the University of Alabama. He was a planter; sheriff, Tuscaloosa County, 1888-92; circuit clerk, 1892-93; and U. S. deputy mar- 980 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY shal, 1893-97. Married: Mellie, daughter of Rev. John C. Foster (q. v.). Children: 1. Tosca; 2. Velma; 3. Georgia Annie; 4. John Foster; 5. Robert M. Last residence: Tusca loosa. KING, EDWIN DAVIS, pioneer settler, was born April 12, 1792, in Greene County, Ga.; son of Woodson and Sarah (Cartwright) King, the former of North Carolina, who later removed to Greene County, Ga., the latter of Tennessee; cousin of William Rufus King (q. v.). He was captain under General Floyd's command, in the principal Indian War. He removed to Ala bama while it was yet a territory and became a wealthy citizen. He was a trustee of the University of Alabama, one of the projectors of Howard college and Judson female institute, and president of the board of trustees of the latter institution from its beginning until his death. He was a Baptist. Married: Ann Alston Hunter. Children: 1. Porter (q. v.); 2. William D., m. Rebecca Tait; 3. daughter, m. Mr. Yamport; 4. daughter, m. Mr. Lumpkin; 5. daughter, m. Mr. Lumpkin; 6. daughter, m. Mr. Gore. Last residence: Marion. KING, GEORGE CLARK, planter, public offi cial, was born July 20, 1797, in Bertie County, N. C, and died October 20, 1840, at Summer- field; son of John and Amelia (Slade) King, who lived in Bertie County, N. C, the former who was born and reared in England, and be ing a Whig, came to America. He was the twin brother of William Gray King, and had two sisters, Hester and Barbara King. He was well educated, and was fitted for a surveyor, lawyer and civil engineer. When he was nine teen years old, being an orphan, he asked his guardian for a settlement, and on being re fused, left that part of the state and located near Wilmington. Not long afterward, he moved from North Carolina to Tennessee, near Nashville; lived there for a little more than a year; then moved to Perry County, settling near where Marion now stands on land which they rented from the government. He was elected sheriff of Perry County, and sometime later was elected judge of the county court. In 1837, he moved to Summerfield, Dallas County, where the best girls' school in the state was located, for the purpose of securing an education for his children. Mr. King was very fond of hunting and while on a camp hunt, contracted an illness of malarial nature which resulted in his death in 1840. He was a mem ber of the Methodist church, and was buried at Childers Chapel near Summerfield. Married: July 12, 1817, near Wilmington, N. C, to Eliza beth Downing, daughter of Edward Reasor and Elizabeth (Downing) Byrd, who lived near Wilmington. Children: 1. Edward Byrd, b. October 9, 1819, near Nashville, Tenn., m. Elizabeth Ann Goldsby, of five children born to them, only one survives, Dr. Goldsby King (q. v.) ; 2. William Thomas Carraway, b. May 1, 1822, near Newbern, m. Maria Louise Cole man, had three children who all died young; 3. Ann Amelia, b. October 2, 1824, near Greens boro, m. John Whilfired Lapsley, lawyer, sur viving children, Mrs. Kellar of Miami, Fla., and Mrs. G. B. Deans of Washington, D. C; 4. Jacqueline Louisa, b. October 26, 1827, near Greensboro, m. Dr. C. B. Moore of Summer- field, surviving children, Mrs. H. S. D. Mallory of Selma, Mrs. J. A. O. Riddle of Birmingham, and Rev. Byrd L. Moore of Summerfield; 5. Sophia Clark, b. March 1, 1831, near Greens boro, m. Robert Danniel Sturdivant, planter, had thirteen children, three of whom died in in fancy, and Walter J., of Marion, Mrs. C. E. King of Marion, Mrs. R. S. Browning, sr., of Selma, Juliette, of Felix, Louise Lafayette, of Birmingham, Amelia Lapsley of Felix, Robert Danniel, of Berlin, Sophia Clark, of Felix, Wil liam Gray, of Felix, and Mrs. N. L. Tate, of Summerfield; 6. Alabama, b. October 2, 1834, in Summerfield, d. in 1841; 7. Elizabeth White, b. January 7, 1837, in Summerfield, unmarried; 8. George Faulkner, b. April 7, 1841, unmar ried. Last residence: Summerfield. KING, GOLDSBY, physician and surgeon, was born April 29, 1860, at Selma, and died April 5, 1920, at that place; son of Edward Byrd and Elizabeth Ann (Goldsby) King, the former a native of Nashville, Tenn., a grad uate of the University of Alabama, read law, was admitted to the bar, practiced in Selma until his death, served in Co. B, 8th Alabama cavalry regiment, and was judge advocate on General Clanton's staff; grandson of George Clark and Elizabeth Downing (Byrd) King (q. v.), the former a native of North Carolina, who removed to Alabama, was first sheriff of Perry County, and afterwards probate judge of that county, and of Col. Thornton Boykin and Sarah Smith (Ware) Goldsby (q. v.) ; great-grand son of Edward R. Byrd, who was educated at William and Mary college; great-great-grandson of Edward R. Byrd, sr., of Virginia, who later settled on the Albemarle Sound in North Caro lina. Dr. King received his academic train ing in the private schools of Selma and was graduated from the Medical college of South Carolina, with the degree of M. D., in 1880. After one year's service as house surgeon and physician in the Charleston, S. C, city hospital, he came to Selma in 1881 where he was city and county physician, 1883-84, and for some time surgeon of the city hospital. He spent the year 1885 in Heidelberg in study, and in 1889 was at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Md. On December 6, 1896, Dr. King opened the first private hospital in Selma. The Goldsby King hospital which was still in operation at the time of his death was a splendid institution and one of the best equipped in the State. He was a Presbyterian. Married: October 11, 1883, in Selma, to Annie, daughter of Dr. Chauncey Williams and Mary Rand (Kenan) Graham, of Kenansville, N. C, later of Alabama; grand daughter of Thomas Kenan, representative in congress from North Carolina; great-grand daughter of Gen. James Kenan, of the Revo lutionary army. Both the Kenans and the Grahams were early settlers of North Carolina from Ireland and Scotland respectively. Chil dren: 1. Annie Graham; 2. Dulie Agee; 3 and 4. boys, died in childhood. Last residence: Selma. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 981 KING, GRACE ELIZABETH, author, was born November 29, 1852, at New Orleans, daugh ter of William Woodson and Sarah (Miller) King (q. v.). She was educated in the French schools of New Orleans, and began writing in 1881, achieving success with her first story pub lished in "The New Princeton Review." She is a member of the Louisiana historical society, of which she was for years vice-president, member of the Author's league of America, and the Royal society of arts, of England. Her in terpretation of the Creole life of Louisiana has given her a permanent place in American let ters. Her best known books are "Monsieur Motte"; "Earthlings" ; "Bayou l'Ombre"; "Mad eline Chevalier"; "Alain de Triton"; "Tales of time and place"; "New Orleans: the place and the people"; "Jean Baptlste le Moyne, founder of New Orleans"; "Balcony stories"; "De Soto and his men"; in collaboration with Prof. John R. Ficklen a "History of Louisiana." Unmar ried: Residence: New Orleans, La. KING, HUGH M., lawyer. Deceased. Last residence : Evergreen. KING, JAMES, Methodist minister, was born December 10, 1782, in North Carolina, and died January 12, 1870, in Wilcox County. He joined the Methodist church in 1800; was licensed an exhorter in 1805; licensed to preach in 1806; ordained deacon in Wilmington, N. C, in 1816; and remained in North Carolina until 1818. On April 21, 1819, he removed with his family to Alabama, locating in Alabama Town. He served Alabama Town and Philadelphia, now Montgom ery, being the first licensed minister to preach in the latter city. In the winter of 1819, he removed to Conecuh River, serving two appoint ments, one above and the other below the Flor ida line. The following year he located in the Burnt Corn settlement. He was ordained elder at the Belleville church in 1822 and continued to travel throughout that section until 1834, when he removed to middle Tennessee. In 1835 he returned to Alabama, locating in Wilcox County and serving this and adjoining counties. In 1851 he removed. to the west coast of Florida, later returning to Alabama and serving Lowndesboro District, Dale, Pike and Sumter Counties, and the southern portions of Mis sissippi. Married: (1) in 1802, to Priscilla ; (2) in 1832, to Mrs. Register. Chil dren, by first wife, 1. Sarah Ann, m. Alfred G. Moore; 2. Mary, m. Harvell Armstrong; 3. Drusilla, m. John Sampey, grandparents of John Richard Sampey (q. v.) ; and another daughter and son. Last residence: Wilcox County. KING, JERE CLEMENS, lawyer, was born February 13, 1870, near Greenville, Butler County; son of Thomas Carter and Mary J. (Grand) King, the former a native of Dallas County, who lived at Fort Deposit and Green ville, was first sergeant and later lieutenant in Co. K, Seventeenth Alabama infantry regi ment, C. S. Army, and represented Butler County in the State legislature, 1888-1889; grandson of John and Mary (Day) King, who lived at Three Runs, Butler County, and of James Grant, of Hickory Flax, Chambers County; great-grandson of Allen King, an Eng lishman, who settled in Goldsboro, N. C. Mr. King obtained his early schooling in Butler County; attended the Ft. Deposit institute, Ft. Deposit school, the Highland Home college, and spent one year at the Agricultural and mechanical college, Auburn. He was elected clerk of the circuit court, Butler County, serv ing four years; attended lectures at the law school of the University of Virginia, 1896; was admitted to practice before the supreme court of Alabama, 1897, and the supreme court of the United States, 1901; practiced at Houston, Tex., 1897; at Huntsville, 1898-1903, and during that time was for two and one-half years a member of the firm of King and Bankhead; was elected to the house of representatives from Jefferson County in 1907; and is actively engaged in the practice of his profession at Birmingham. He is a Democrat; a Presbyterian; a Knight of Pythias; and a Mason. Married: December 5, 1900, at Franklin, Ky., to Martha, daughter of Henry and Mary (Summers) Munford, of Glasgow, Ky.; granddaughter of William E. Munford, and of Kirkland Summers. Children: 1. Ruth Munford, d. in infancy. Residence: Birmingham. KING, JOHN JONES, planter, was born February 19, 1855, at McKinley, Marengo Coun ty; son of Dr. Shubal Starnes and Lucy Eliza beth (Crawford) King, the former a native of Madison County, a physician in Marengo County, who served four years in the C. S. Army, in the Forty-third Alabama infantry reg iment, and was wounded at Shiloh; grandson of Col. Henry and Nancy (Wellborn) King, and of Stephen Gibson and Lucy (Bridges) Crawford; great-grandson of Charles King of .North Carolina, a first cousin of William R. King, vice president of the United States. Mr. King received his education in private schools in Marengo County. He is a farmer and a planter; was elected to the lower house of the State legislature, 1884-1885; served as collector of customs at the port of Mobile during Cleve land's second term; represented Marengo Coun ty in the constitutional convention of 1901; and was a State senator, 1907-1910. He is a Demo crat, having served as a member of the Marengo County executive committee for thirty con secutive years, was its chairman, 1894-1896, and a member from the first district of the State executive committee, 1902-1906. He is a Royal Arch Mason, and a Knight of Pythias. Married : May 4, 1884, at Livingston, to Fannie Julia, daughter of Col. Isaiah Chapman and Mary Anne (Bestor) Brown. Children: two adopted; 1. Mary Lucy King, d. September, 1906; 2. Mary Carter Adams. Residence: Consul. KING, JOSEPH, soldier of the American Revolution. "About the 30 ultimo, In Wilcox County, Alabama, Mr. Joseph King, aged about seventy years, and believed to be a native of South Carolina; in which state he officiated as a chaplain during the Revolutionary War. He died seized of considerable property, which, as he had no kin in the county, must escheat to the State, unless his relatives supposed to 982 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY reside in Upper Alabama and South Carolina, present their claims within the time prescribed by law." — Southern Advocate, Huntsville, Ala., June 30, 1826. "~~ KING, PORTER, lawyer, was born April 30, 1824, in Perry County, and died January 3, 1890, in Atlanta, Ga.; son of Gen. Edwin Davis and Ann Alston (Hunter) King (q. v.). He was educated at the University of Alabama, and attended Brown university, Providence, R. I., 1842-1843. He began to study law in 1843 under Col. Thomas Chilton in Marion, was admitted to the bar in 1845, and began the practice of law. He was elected to the legis lature from Perry County in 1847, served one term, and spent the following two years on his plantation. After that time, he returned to his law practice in Marion, and in 1850 was elected judge of the circuit court. He served as judge until in the early part of 1861, when he called his grand jury together, and handed in his resignation as judge in order to enter the C. S. Army. He proceeded at once to Marion, and was made captain of a company of volunteers, composed mainly of students from Howard college. The company became part of the Fourth Alabama infantry regiment, and Judge King commanded it for one year. At the end of that time, he was re-called to his post of circuit judge, and continued on the bench until ousted by Military Governor Par sons in 1865. From that time until his death, he devoted his attention to his planting and financial interests. In 1877, he was appointed judge of probate, but resigned that position two years later. He was a director in the Central City insurance company and the Commercial bank of Selma, and was instrumental in the construction of the Selma, Marion and Mem phis railroad, of which he was president until succeeded by Gen. Forrest. He was for many years a trustee of the State university and of the hospital for the insane; was a member of the board of trustees of Howard college for twenty years; was president of the board of trustees of Judson female institute for twenty years, succeeding his father in that position; was vice president and treasurer of the Edu cational, land and development company of Florence; was leading deacon and superintend ent of the Sunday school of the Siloam Baptist church; was a Democrat; and a Knight Tem plar. Married: (1) February 25, 1849, at Greensboro, to Margaret Erwin, who died in 1850, daughter of Col. John Erwin, a dis tinguished lawyer of Greensboro; (2) February 19, 1852, at Athens, Ga., to Callender Mc Gregor, daughter of Joseph Henry and Cal lender (Grieve) Lumpkin, the former of whom was chief justice of the supreme court of Geor gia. To his second marriage, eight children were born, five of whom died in infancy; the following survive: 1. Joseph Henry Lumpkin, lawyer, Anniston; 2. Porter, b. November 24, 1857, in Marion, was graduated from Howard college in 1876, was admitted to the bar, prac ticed in Opelika, then in Atlanta, Ga., for twenty years, was a member of the law firm of King and Anderson, member of the city coun cil 1890-1891, mayor of Atlanta, 1895-1896, cap tain on the staff of the colonel of the Fifth regiment, Georgia national guard, member of the Georgia legislature from Fulton County, two different times, deceased, m. November 21, 1883, in Talladega, to Carrie Elston, daugh ter of David Hamilton and Nettie Caro line (Elston) Remsen, children, Remsen and Callender; 3. Thomas, connected with the Bes semer steel works, Troy, N. Y. Last residence: Marion. KING, ROBERT HANSFORD, farmer, teach er and legislator, was born June 7, 1866, at Cedar Plains, Morgan County; son of John Mc Millan and Mary Frances (Speak) King, the former a native of Morgan County, enlisted July 5, 1862, in Co. I, 5th Alabama infantry regiment, C. S. Army, served through the war under Gen'ls. Wheeler, Forrest and Roddy; grandson of Burton and Susan (McMillan) King, the former came to Alabama in 1844, but in 1851 removed to Missouri, and of Wiley and Elizabeth (Murphey) Speak, the former fought under Gen. Andrew Jackson and as sisted in subduing the Indians in Alabama and Florida; great-grandson of John Henry King and of William Jasper Speak, the former came to America from Ireland and settled in Illinois, the latter a native of England, who settled near Mecklenburg, N. C. Mr. King was educated in the public schools of Cedar Plains and Hartselle. He is a farmer and teacher, having followed his profession since 1880. He represented Morgan County in the legislature of 1915. He is a Democrat. Unmarried. Resi dence: Falkville. KING, SIBLEY PAUL, business man, was born June 5, 1860, at Sibley Mills, Baldwin County; son of Nathaniel and Salome Eliza beth (Sibley) King, the former a native of Montevallo, later resided at Enterprise, Miss., returned to Montevallo, where he died Novem ber 19, 1863, graduate South Carolina college, member Alabama legislature; grandson of Ed mund and Nancy (Ragan) King, and of Origen and Elizabeth (Barlow) Sibley; great-grandson of Edmund and Elizabeth (Woodson) King, of Virginia. He received his early education from governesses and later attended Barton academy, Mobile, and afterward the Mobile military academy. He has taken interest in military matters since his school days, holding office in the Alabama national guard. His business con nections are numerous and include real estate, banking and manufacturing interests. He is a Democrat; an Odd Fellow; a Hoo Hoo; and a member of all leading business and civic or ganizations of his city. Unmarried. Residence : Birmingham. KING, WILLIAM HUGH MEANS, lawyer, editor and teacher, was born May 28, 1832, near Madison, Morgan County, Ga., and died June 5, 1914, at Evergreen, Conecuh County; son of William Torian and Louisa Hammond (Means) King, both natives of Morgan County, Ga.; grand son of Dr. William and Mary (Torian) King, of Greensboro, Ga., but later residents of Tuske gee, and of Hugh and Winifred (Hammond) Means, of Morgan County, Ga. The original an cestors of the Kings, Torians and Hammonds DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 983 emigrated to America from England and set tled in Virginia. The Means were of Scotch- Irish descent and lived first in South Carolina. William Hugh Means King attended the neigh borhood schools during his boyhood and entered Franklin college, now the University of Georgia at Athens, in August, 1850, graduating first in his class three years later. He read law in the office of Francis Stebbins Bartow, who later became brigadier-general, C. S. A., and entered upon the practice in 1854, in Colum bus, Ga. Later he removed to Hamilton and finally to Bainbridge, Ga. Following the war period, he located in Tuskegee but removed to Evergreen. He was elected mayor of Bain bridge, Ga., in 1860, and in 1892 was mayor of Evergreen, holding the office three terms. He was principal of the academies at both Green ville and Evergreen. He enlisted as a volunteer for Confederate service and was elected cap tain of the Hardee Rifles, which became Com pany H, 5th Georgia infantry regiment. He served as a special aide to Gen. R. H. Ander son and was complimented for gallantry in the attack on Santa Rosa Island; was promoted to major on the staff department, C. S. Army, and served as brigade adjutant under General An derson, and also under Generals Kirby Smith and Braxton Bragg. In February, 1863, he was ordered by General Bragg to report to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, with the rank of colonel, with instructions to collect eight unattached cavalry companies and form a regiment, which he was to command. The exigencies of the times in military matters made it impossible to assemble these troops as they were scattered over several states, and he remained with General Wheeler, ranking staff officer. He served throughout the war, taking part in a number of the greatest battles and in eighty-five smaller conflicts and was wounded three times. Realizing at the end that surrender was inevitable he left the army for his home, the day before General Lee met Grant at Appomattox. He was a Democrat; and a Mason. Editor: "Bainbridge Argus," Bainbridge, Ga.; "Macon Mail," Tuskegee; "The Evergreen Star," Evergreen. He wrote various short articles and a number of poems for the current press, and outlined a history of Ala bama which he never completed. Married: (1) December 20, 1856, in La Grange, Ga., to Janie, daughter of William and Sabrina (Watson) Varner, of Tuskegee; (2) January 11, 1870, to Elizabeth, daughter of John Hunt and Lydia (Moore) Gordon, of Opelousas, La. Children: by the first wife: 1. Vesta; by the second wife: 2. Ethel; 3. Pauline; 4. Hugh M., jr.; 5. Dr. Gordon, New Orleans, La. Last residence: Evergreen. KING, WILLIAM RUFUS, lawyer, diplomat, and vice-president of the United States, was born April 7, 1786, in Sampson County, N. C, died April 18, 1853, at Cahaba, Dallas County, and is buried in Selma; son of William and Margaret (Devane) King, the former of Samp son County, N. C, who rendered important serv ice to his country during the Revolutionary War was a member of the convention which was 'called to adopt the federal constitution, and was often a delegate from his county to the general assembly; grandson of Thomas De vane, of Huguenot stock, and of William and Mary (Woodson) King, of North Carolina; great-grandson of Drury and Lucy (Christian) Woodson. His early King ancestors came from the north of Ireland, and settled on the James River, in the colony of Virginia. He was edu cated in private schools and graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1803. After wards he studied law in the office of William Duffy, of Fayetteville, N. O, and was admitted to the bar in 1805. Locating at Lincoln, in his native county, he opened an office and in 1808 was elected a member of the state legislature; was reelected but resigned after his election as solicitor of the Wilmington district. At the age of twenty-four, in 1810, he was chosen to the United States congress, continuing as a member and supporting the measures of the Madison administration until 1816 when he was offered the position of secretary of legation to the American embassy at Petersburg. He re mained abroad for two years, traveling a great deal, and being closely associated with William Pinckney, the envoy-extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Russia. When he returned from abroad the territory of Alabama was being organized and he soon determined to locate in this section of the country. He secured a resi dence and plantation near Cahaba, in Dallas County, and in 1819 was elected from this county as a delegate to the convention which framed the first constitution of the State. He was a member of the sub-committee which drafted that instrument. When the first general assembly met in 1819 he was almost unani mously chosen to one of the seats in congress to which the State was entitled, was twice re elected, and served from December 14, 1819, until April 15, 1844. During the latter year, the relation of the United States with the for eign powers had become very sensitive in con sequence of the proposed annexation of Texas and he was prevailed upon to accept the mission as minister to France where he rendered extra ordinary service to his country and where he remained until 1846 when he resigned and re turned home. In the summer of 1848 he was appointed by Governor Chapman to the seat in the United States senate left vacant by the resignation of Arthur P. Bagby. He was re elected, serving from July 1, 1848, to January 18, 1853, when he resigned and was elected presi dent pro tempore of the senate, May 6, and July 11, 1850, resigning as president pro tempore, December 11, 1850. He was nominated for the vice presidency on the ticket with General Pierce in 1852 and was elected to this office by a large majority. While serving in the senate he contracted tuberculosis and in 1853 was forced to spend the winter in Cuba. By a privilege extended by special act of congress, he took the oath of office, in Havana, Cuba, on March 4, 1853. As there was no improvement in his health he returned to Alabama, arriving in Cahaba the day before his death. He was un married. Last residence: Cahaba. KING, WILLIAM WOODSON, lawyer, was born January 1, 1813, in Griffin County, Ga., and died at New Orleans, La., in 1881; son of Ed- 984 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY mund and Nancy (Ragan) King, grandson of Edmund, sr., and Elizabeth (Thomas) King, and of Jonathan Ragan of Georgia. Mr. King's father removed to Alabama in 1817; in their journey the family were protected and guided by the Indian chief Weatherford, and settled on the site of the present Montevallo. At the age of four, he could read and was educated by a private tutor in a schoolhouse built by his father. In 1830 he entered Transylvania col lege, Lexington, Ky., graduating in 1833 with first honors in a class which contained Cassius Clay, John Breckenridge, Joe Bullock, and Alex ander B. Meek. He entered the University of Virginia where he studied law for two years, and after completing that course made a long visit to Washington, guest of his relative, Sen ator, later Vice-President, William R. King, who introduced him to may of the intellectual giants of that day. In December, 1835, he set tled in New Orleans; was admitted to the bar opened an office for the practice of law in partnership with his friend and classmate, Wil liam A. Elmore. In 1859 he retired from the practice with a *large fortune and became a sugar planter, but his estates were swept away by the war, and he returned to New Orleans in 1865 penniless, with a large family to sup port. Although at first debarred from practice on account of the rigors of the "Ironclad Oath" demanded by the Federal authorities he soon overcame obstacles and established himself and family in comfort. He was sent to the Louis iana senate in 1854, and was made reporter of the supreme court. He wrote volumes V and VI of the Louisiana annuals, 1850-1851. He was a Democrat; and a Baptist. Married: (1) May 18, 1840, to Catherine Drish, of Demopolis; (2) in 1848, to Sarah Ann, daughter of Branch W. Miller of New Orleans. Children: by the first wife: 1. John R. D., who served through the War of Secession as captain of an Alabama com pany, and afterwards became a Methodist min ister, deceased; 2. Edmund, who served in the Confederate artillery at Fort Morgan, later be coming a Presbyterian minister and lived at Enterprise; by second wife, 3. Frederick D., presiding judge of civic district court of New Orleans; 4. Grace Elizabeth (q. v.) ; 5. Annie Ragan; 6. Nina Ansley; 7. Branch M., de ceased; 8. William A., deceased; 9. May Ford, deceased, m. Franklin Brevard McDowell. Last residence: New Orleans. KINGHAM, HENRY, Episcopal clergyman, for a number of years a resident of Alabama, was born in the parish of Ellesborough, Buck inghamshire, England, March 13, 1864, and died about 1908 at Scroon Lake, N. Y.; son of Joshua and Sarah Kingham. Rev. Mr. Kingham re ceived his preparatory education at Christ church school, Luton, Burfordshire, and St. Paul's college, Burgh; entered St. Augustine's college, Canterbury. 1885, and in November, 1887, received the college diploma, hood and benediction after passing the examinations for entrance into the ministry of the Church of England. He came to the United States the same year. He has served churches in the west and east and accepted a call to Trinity church, Florence, in November, 1896. Resi dence: Scroon Lake, N. Y. KINNARD, JOHN, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 70, and a resident of Marengo County; private S. C. Militia; enrolled on Sep tember 5, 1834, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $20. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in vol. xiv, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. He resided in Marengo County, June 1, 1840, aged 77. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 149. KIRBY, ANDREW J., soldier of the Ameri can Revolution, aged 25, resided in Jackson County, June 1, 1840, with John McReynolds. — Census of Pensioners, 1841, p. 148. KIRBY, ATTICUS DICKSON, merchant, was born June 16, 1868, at Summerville, Chat tooga County, Ga.; son of Francis Andrew and Harriet Ann (Shropshire) Kirby, the former a lawyer, who served in the State legislature, 1854-1860, was judge of the superior court of the Rome circuit in 1868 and 1870, and resigned to take a position in Washington, D. C, which he had to give up because of ill health; grand son of Francis and Mary Barry (Lawson) Kir by, and of Wesley and Nancy (Swanson) Shropshire, all of Chattooga County, Ga.; great-grandson of Spencer and Frances (Pollard) Shropshire, the former the son of an English clergyman, Wingfield Shropshire, who first came to Boston, thence to Halifax County, Va. Mr. Kirby obtained his early schooling in Summerville; attended Emory college, 1889-1890; served as town councilman of Summerville, 1901; was occupied as a trav eling salesman, 1893-1901; entered the mer cantile business in West Huntsville, 1901; rep resented Madison County in the State legis lature, 1907. He is a Democrat; an Odd Fel low; and an Elk. Married: April 2, 1901, to Zaida, daughter of Jesse Edward and Virginia E. (Wood) Brown, of Scottsboro, the former a soldier in the C. S. Army, and the latter a granddaughter of Jeremiah and Mary A. (Wil liams) Brown. Residence: Huntsville. KIRBY, EPHRAIM, first superior court judge of Mississippi Territory, was born Feb ruary 23, 1757, at Judea Society, Ancient Wood bury, Conn., and died October 20, 1804, at Fort Stoddert; son of Abraham and Eunice (Stark weather) Kirby, who were married May 31, 1756; grandson of Roger and Martha Kirby, the former born 1698; great-grandson of John Kirby; great-great-grandson of Joseph Kirby of Hartford, Conn., who emigrated from War wickshire, England, early in the seventeenth century. Judge Kirby was educated at Yale college but left without taking a degree. In 1787 Yale conferred upon him an honorary de gree of Master of Arts. After the Revolu tionary War he entered the law office of Rey nold Marvin in Litchfield, Conn., and after dili gent study was admitted to the bar. He prac ticed law for several years in Litchfield and represented that district in the Connecticut legislature from 1791 until 1801 when he was THOMAS H. MOLTON DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 987 appointed by President Jefferson, supervisor of internal revenue and direct tax for the State. In 1803 he was made land commissioner. He was one of the original thirty-five proprietors of the Western Reserve in Ohio and one of the first board of directors of that company. He was appointed by President Jefferson, first su perior court judge for the Mississippi terri tory on April 6, 1804. He immediately pro ceeded to his post, Fort Stoddert, on the Ala bama River, near the present Mount Vernon, where he died a few months later. At the outbreak of the Revolution he joined a com pany of volunteers and fought at Bunker Hill, later enlisted in a volunteer cavalry company, December 24, 1776, and was discharged Au gust 7, 1778. In the engagement at Elk River he received seven sabre cuts on the head. At one time he was a lieutenant in Rhode Island company. He was in nineteen battles and skir mishes and received thirteen wounds. After the war he was colonel of the 17th regiment Con necticut militia. He was a staunch Democrat, an Episcopalian, and first general grand high priest of the Royal Arch Masons of the United States, 1798-1804. He compiled and published in 1789 the first volume of law reports ever issued in America, reports of cases adjudged in the su perior court of the State of Connecticut from the year 1785 to May, 1788. He wrote the pledge and organized the first temperance so ciety in America. Married: March 17, 1784, in Litchfield, Conn., to Ruth, only daughter of Judge Reynold and Ruth (Welch) Marvin. Children: 1. Frances Kirby, m. Joseph Lee Smith, son of Elnathan Smith and Chloe Lee, both of New Britain, Conn., parents of the famous Confederate, Gen. Edmund Kirby Smith, m. Cassie Selden, daughter of Samuel Marshall and Caroline (Hart) Selden; 2. Har riet, died in infancy; 3. Reynold Marvin, m. (1) Harriett W. Larned, (2) Mary Barclay; 4. Edmund, m. Eliza Brown; 5. Ephraim; 6. Harriet, m. Frances S. Belton; 7. Helen, m. Benjamin A. Putnam; 8. Catherine, m. Joseph P. Russell. Last residence: Ft. Stoddert. KIRK, DOLLY WILLIAMS, teacher and author, was born October 28, 1863, at Tusca loosa; daughter of George Hamilton and Julia Anne (Owen) Kirk, the former a native of Burlington, Ind., who later lived at Cincinnati, Ohio, Tuscaloosa, and New Orleans, La., com ing South when young, was southern in sympathies during the War of Secession, and engaged in the manufacture of gunpowder for the Confederacy; granddaughter of James and Margaret (Somerville) Kirk, both natives of Scotland, and of Thomas and Dolly Payne (Williams) Owen of Tuscaloosa; cousin of Thomas M. Owen (q. v.). Many of her ancestors were prominent in the early his tory of Virginia and North Carolina, one of them, Richard Owen, was commissioner of Guilford County, N. C, during the Revolu tion She received her education in Mande- ville and New Orleans, La., graduating with first honors from the high school in the latter oitv She attended Sophie Newcomb college for a session, and later after adopting the teaching profession, studied at Chautauqua, N. Vol. Ill— 63 Y., the University of Michigan and at Columbia university. She began teaching in the gram mar schools of Montgomery in 1894; was ap pointed to the high school force, and made head of the department of English in 1917. On account of ill health she later resigned her connections with the public schools. She is a member of the Tintagil club; the Frances Marion Chapter, D. A. R. Author: jointly with Frances Nimmo Greene, of "With Spurs of Gold, heroes of chivalry and their deeds," 1905; also a number of poems, produced in the current press and magazines. Unmarried. Residence: Montgomery. KIRK, JAMES THOMAS, lawyer, was born April 7, 1858, near Russellville, Franklin County; son of James Thomas and Louisa M. (Cleere) Kirk, of Franklin County; grandson of James M. Kirk, a North Carolinian, who moved to Franklin County, and served through the Seminole War, and of George D. Cleere, a planter and merchant of Lawrence County. He was educated in the common schools of Frank lin and Lawrence Counties; began to study law in the office of J. B. Moore of Tuscumbia; was admitted to the bar in 1880; engaged in the practice of law at Tuscumbia, 1880; formed a partnership with E. B. Almon under the firm name of Kirk and Almon, 1886; was a delegate to the constitutional convention of 1901, from Colbert County. He is a Democrat, and a Pres byterian. Married: December 16, 1886, at Tuscumbia, to Ella P., daughter of Gen. John D. Rather. Residence: Tuscumbia. KIRKLAND, WILLIAM, soldier of the American Revolution, aged 72, and a resident of Autauga County; private S. C. State Troops and Militia; enrolled on January 11, 1833, under act of Congress of June 7, 1832, payment to date from March 4, 1831; annual allowance, $72.33; sums received to date of publication of list, $217. — Revolutionary Pension Roll, in Part 3, vol. xiii, Sen. doc. 514, 23rd Cong., 1st sess., 1833-34. KIRKLAND, WILLIAM WASHINGTON, lawyer, was born April 7, 1864, near Abbeville, Henry County, and died February 19, 1906, at Ozark, Dale County; son of Washington and Martha Ann (Murphy) Kirkland, the former a soldier in the C. S. Army, who was killed in bat tle near Columbus, Ga. He attended summer school at old Oak Grove, Baptist church, Henry County; farmed and merchandised for some time; studied law and was admitted to the practice in 1891; began the practice of law at Ozark, 1891; served as mayor of Ozark, 1897-1899; represented Dale County in the con stitutional convention of 1901; was on the na tional Democratic electoral ticket from the state at large, 1900; was a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: near Echo, Dale County, to Laura, daughter of James M. and Mary J. Mathews. Residence: Ozark. KIRKMAN, SAMUEL, merchant, cotton ex pert and race horse breeder, was born in 1832, in Florence, where he died, and is buried in Nashville, Tenn.; son of Thomas and Eliza- 988 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY beth (McCulloch) Kirkman, the former a na tive of Belfast, Ireland, of Scotch-Irish an cestry, the latter from Tennessee, whence they removed to Florence, in 1821, where he mer chandised for forty years, in addition to hav ing an interest in an iron furnace on the Cumberland river, in Tennessee, a plantation in Mississippi, and with his uncle, James Jack son, was interested in "The Forks," where race horses were bred and which interest im ported from England, "Leviathan," "Glencoe," and other famous horses, during the three dec ades included in the twenties, thirties and forties, and later became sole owner of the turf interests of the firm, which included "Peytona," who in 1844 won the great race over the eastern horse, "Fashion," at the Long Island race course for a purse of one hundred thousand dollars; grandson of Thomas and Ellen (Jackson) Kirkman, who migrated from Ireland, and settled at Nashville where they in vested largely in lands, and where they estab lished a wholesale mercantile business with a branch house in New Orleans; great-grandson of Major Kirkman of the British Army and his wife, Barbara Carroll, niece of the Bishop of Ely, and who in their old age joined their son in Tennessee, and are buried in Nash ville, in the family plot where five generations of the family sleep. Mr. Kirkman received his education in the public schools, entered at eighteen the senior class of Harvard university from which he graduated in 1850. Upon re turning to Florence he entered his father's store as a clerk, but soon located in St. Louis, Mo., where he became the senior member of the commission firm, Kirkman and Luke. Eight years later he returned to Florence. He invested a considerable sum in a cotton factory in Tuscaloosa which was burned with its contents of seven hundred bales of cotton by the Federal troops under General Wilson's orders, 1865. After the close of the War of Secession he engaged in cotton buying and be came a cotton expert and statistician. He was a Democrat; Presbyterian; and a member of the Phi Beta Kappa college fraternity. Mar ried: in 1858, at Nashville, Tenn., to a daugh ter of Mr. James Wood. Children: 1. Eliza beth, m. Emmett O'Neal (q. v.) ; 2. Susie, m. Vaughan. Last residence : Florence. KIRKPATRICK, CLIFTON, planter, was born April 29, 1863, near Cahaba, Dallas Coun ty; son of Samuel McCurdy and Sarah Cath erine (West) Kirkpatrick, who lived at Selma, the former of whom was born at Valley Creek, Dallas County, and lived at that place until moving to Fort Deposit, who later moved to Cahaba, entered the C. S. Army, August 25, 1862, serving throughout the war, and who was a member for two terms of the court of county revenues for Dallas County.; grandson of William Laird and Mary (McCurdy) Kirk patrick, who lived at Sandy Ridge, Lowndes County, and who had come to Alabama from Georgia, and of John and Maria Louisa (Mc Lean) West, who also came from Georgia, and lived at Burnsville, Dallas County. The great- grandparents came from Scotland and Ireland and settled in North Carolina. Mr. Kirkpatrick is a brother of Samuel Kirkpatrick (q. v.). He received his early education in the common schools of the vicinity, and was graduated from Moore's Southern business university, Atlanta, Ga., 1884. He became a planter in Dallas County; was one of the first to advocate the building of modern highways in the county and was largely instrumental in bringing about the system of good roads in Dallas County. He is a life member of the Alabama good roads association; was president of the Dallas County good roads association at the time the cam paign was on in Dallas County for a bond issue for good roads; was president of the Black belt live stock association in 1912 when an active effort was made to introduce state-wide tick eradication which resulted in the legislature enacting into law a state-wide statute; was precinct chairman for the various war loans, Y. M. C. A., and Red Cross drives, and an active member of the Dallas County patriotic society during the World War. .He is a Democrat; a member of the Dallas County executive com mittee; is a Presbyterian, a deacon in the church; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: October 23, 1897, at Selma, to Minerva, daughter of Hamilton Claverhouse and Mary Jane (Moseley) Graham, of Selma. Children: 1. Alma, Selma; 2. Mabel, teacher in Dallas academy, Selma; 3. Graham, student in Castle Heights military academy, Lebanon, Tenn., and recently appointed to West Point by Senator Bankhead; 4. Samuel McCurdy, Selma; 5. Clif ton, jr., Selma. Residence: Selma. KIRKPATRICK, JOHN ALEXANDER, law yer, was born October 17, 1844, at Gainesville, and died January 24, 1915, at Montgomery; son of Rev. John L. and Mary (Turner) Kirk patrick, the former a Presbyterian minister; grandson of James Hutchinson and Ann (Parks) Kirkpatrick, and of Rev. William Leftwich and Ann (Alexander) Turner; great- grandson of Thomas Kirkpatrick and wife, a Miss McKee, of Capt. Hugh and Mary (Davis) Parks, the former an officer in the Continental Army who fought in the battles of King's Mountain and Hanging Rock, and of Archibald Alexander, of Rockbridge County, Va., captain of the rangers in the Sandy Creek expedition against the Indians and for whom Alexander hall, Princeton college, is named, and of Rev. James and Sallie (Leftwich) Turner, the for mer a Presbyterian minister of Bedford County, Va.; great-great-grandson of Robert McKee, of Walter and Mary (Lycan) Davis, of Hugh, sr., and Margaret (Young) Parks, all of Mecklen burg County, N. C, and of William Leftwich, captain of militia; great-great-great-grandson of Augustine Leftwich, an officer in the British Army. John A. Kirkpatrick received his early education in Charleston, S. O, where his father was a Presbyterian minister. He graduated from the academic department of Washington and Lee university and also received his law yer's degree there. He began the practice of his profession in Opelika where he was at one time in partnership with T. M. Chilton and later with Render Dowdell. In 1878 he was made register in chancery of Lee County and in 1893 he resigned and removed to Mont gomery, where he continued his practice. In DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY the War of Secession he entered the Confed erate Army at the age of seventeen as a mem ber of Walter's battery of South Carolina. He organized the Lee County light infantry in 1882 and was its first captain. He was a Democrat; Presbyterian; and a Knight of Pythias. Married: in January, 1881, in Mont gomery, to Carrie, daughter of Gen. James T. and Mary B. (Cowles) Holtzclaw (q. v.). Chil dren: 1. Mary, play writer, of New York City; 2. James Holtzclaw, graduate, University of Alabama, Rhodes scholar, m. Lilla, daughter of Thomas Worthington (q. v.) ; 3. John Alex ander, graduate, University of Alabama, play writer of New York City. Last residence: Montgomery. KIRKPATRICK, JOHN LYCAN, Presbyter ian minister in Alabama; served the Gaines ville church; died and is buried at Lexington, Va. KIRKPATRICK, M. L., lieutenant colonel, 5th Alabama Partisan Rangers, C. S. Army. KIRKPATRICK, SAMUEL, physician, was born August 19, 1865, near Orrville, Dallas County; brother of Clifton Kirkpatrick (q. v.). He was educated at Southern university at Greensboro, and at the Alabama polytechnic institute at Auburn, where he was graduated in 1885; and was graduated from the medical department of Vanderbilt university, 1888. He began the practice of general medicine in Selma, 1888; took post-graduate work in the eye and ear department of the New York poly clinic hospital, 1895-1896; and after that time returned to Selma and specialized in diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat. He is a member of the county and state medical societies, of the American medical association, is a fellow of the American academy of ophthalmology and oto-laryngology, a member of the Ameri can association for the advancement of sci ence, of the Southern medical association, is oculist and aurist of the Southern railway and of the Vaughan ¦ memorial hospital at Selma. He is a contributor to the medical press. He is a Democrat, and a Methodist, and serves on the board of trustees of the church. Married: March 23, 1898, to Mary Myrtiline, daugh ter of Alfred Nicholous and Mary Lavinia (Wiglesworth) Hall, who were born and mar ried in Autauga County, and lived there until 1888 when they moved to Selma, the former a large land owner and planter, who was engaged in the cotton warehouse and commission busi ness at the time of his death in 1911. Chil dren: 1. Mildred; 2. Myrtiline; 3. Marie. Res idence: Selma. KIRKSEY, FOSTER M., planter and mer chant, was born June 10, 1817, at Tuscaloosa; son of Jehu and Nellie (Foster) Kirksey, na tives, respectively, of North and South Caro lina, the former of whom came to Alabama in 1804, and settled on a plantation in Madison County, who moved to Tuscaloosa in 1816, to Greene County in 1822 where he settled at Erie, and to Greensboro in 1824; grandson of John Kirksey, sr., a Scotchman who emigrated to America before the Revolution, and took part 989 hV»rfLW?,r- H.e received the greater part of inn*™ M£1(m S* Erle' and in lg39 moved to his We Wh/6 h6 re8lded for tne remainder o? chann^'w 7a? en8?fBd in Panting and mer- ?w?t ^i?t°n' of Indiana, daughter of Jona- rtr™ i\, « V"1' a lawyer of that state. Chil dren, by first marriage all deceased; by second ruarva2g8e:i87iUst0n; \Robert Elishafb Feb ruary 28, 1871, was graduated from the South western Presbyterian university, A B 189? Planter at Eutaw; 3. Harold; 4. Margaretta Last residence: Eutaw. *<"fcdreiia. KITTRELL, ROBERT NORMAN, physician was born in Camden, Wilcox County; son of TnarJ\ r^m „Jones and Elizabeth Martha (Came) Kittrell, natives, respectively, of North and South Carolina, the former a graduate of the University of North Carolina and of the ¦ ,oa,ma medical college at Mobile, who died in 1863 at Camden. The Kittrell family came from England, and the Cames originated in £"5"?; ,Dr- Kittrell is brother of Benjamin * ¦ Kittrell, physician at Black Hawk, Miss who was surgeon of a Mississippi regiment dur ing the War of Secession. He was reared and educated in the common schools of Camden went to Black Hawk, Miss., where he clerked in a mercantile establishment, 1873-1878; en tered the University of Mississippi, 1878, and was graduated in 1882. After his graduation, he taught school for a year in the Female synodical institute at Talladega; from Talla dega, returned to Mississippi and taught a term at Meridian; took up the study of medi cine at Black Hawk, Miss., in the summer of 1884; and was graduated from the Vanderbilt university, taking first honors, M. D., 1886. He remained on duty at the city hospital in Nashville, Tenn., 1886-1887; then settled for the practice of his profession at Gadsden. Mar ried: in March, 1887, at Black Hawk, Miss., to Cora, daughter of Dr. R. D. Meek, of that place. Residence: Gadsden. KLINE, CHARLES DAVID, lawyer, was born January 26, 1874, at Opelika, Lee County; son of Theodore David and Ida Eugenia (Hoist) Kline, the former a native of Columbia, S. C, who lived at different places in South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Georgia, Texas and Mexico, living during the War of Secession in Columbia, S. C, where he did service as a locomotive engineer between Columbia and Charlotte, went to New Orleans before the ca pitulation of that city, and brought several lo comotives from there to Columbia, S. C, having to change the gauge several times, and saved all of the machinery of the railroad machine shop at Columbia when Sherman took the city, removed it to Chester, S. C, where it was operated successfully until the surrender, and was general manager of the Central of Georgia railroad at the time of his death; grandson of Christian David and Sarah (Farmer) Kline, of 990 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Columbia, S. C, the former of whom moved to that place in 1830 from Wurtemburg, Ger many, where his family . had for generations been prominent in business circles, and of Charles Ferdinand and Ida G. (De Rosenval) Hoist, of Chester, S. C. Mr. Kline was educated in public and private schools at Columbia, S. C; Richmond, Va.; Macon, Ga.; at the Meth odist mission school, Laredo, Tex., 1887-1888; the Agricultural and mechanical college, Auburn, 1888-1890; the University of Georgia, at Athens, 1890-1894; graduating in law, LL. B. He began the practice of law at San An tonio, Tex., but owing to illness, returned to Georgia, and traveled for four years with his father; located at Savannah, Ga., for a time; later moved to Anniston; and was elected to the State senate from the seventh senatorial district, 1915. He is a Democrat; a Presby terian; an Odd Fellow; a Knight of Pythias; and a Knight Templar; and a member of Phi Delta Theta college fraternity. Married: Oc tober 10, 1901, in Washington, D. C, to Edna Severa, daughter of Edwin I. and Louvinia Rogers (Denham) Bachman, the latter the descendant of a common ancestor with George Washington, through his mother's line, the Balls, and was also related to Benjamin Frank lin. Residence: Anniston. KLINE, WILLIAM FAIR, artist, for some time a resident of Alabama, was born May 3, 1870, at Columbia, S. O; son of Theodore David and Ida Eugenia (Hoist) Kline, and the brother of Charles D. Kline (q. v.). Mr. Kline was educated in the public schools of Rich mond, Va., and Macon, Ga.; studied art at the National academy of design, New York, and Academie Julien, Paris. He has been awarded many medals for his paintings but he is better known for his mural decorations and stained glass windows. He conducts an art school in New York City. Unmarried: Residence: New York City. KNIGHT, WILLIAM HENRY, planter, was born February 5, 1868, at Greensboro; son of William Newton and Eva (Happel) Knight (q. v.). Mr. Knight received his early educa tion at home, from his mother. He attended the Southern university, at Greensboro, and the University of Alabama. He is a planter; was elected a representative in the State leg islature from Hale County, 1915; is a Demo crat; a Methodist Episcopalian; and a Wood man of the World. Married: April 17, 1901, at Greensboro, to Sarah Inge, daughter of Wil liam and Sarah (Herndon) Smaw, of that place. Residence: Greensboro. KNIGHT, WILLIAM NEWTON, planter, was born February 18, 1840, in Russell County; son of Ephraim and Mary J. (Medley) Knight, the former a native of Lawrence District, S. C, who was a cotton planter, moved to Russell County in 1837, just after the Indians left; grandson of Ephraim and Catherine Knight, of Law rence District, S. C, and of James Medley, of Stony Point, S. C. He was educated in the schools of Russell County, and was prevented by the War of Secession from getting a college education. He served as first lieutenant in Co. C, Thirty-sixth Alabama regiment, C. S. Army; was promoted to captain and was in command of the company until the surrender. After the war, he engaged in cotton planting on a large scale; served as sheriff of Hale County for four years; county commissioner of Russell County for several years; represented the county in the State legislature, 1886-1887, 1888-1889, 1890-1891; was a member of the Alabama con stitutional convention of 1901, from Hale County. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and a Mason. Married: December 27, 1865, at Greensboro, to Eva, daughter of Philip and Mary (Johnson) Happel, of that place. Chil dren: 1. William Henry (q. v.); 2. Thomas E., lawyer. Residence: Greensboro. KNOX, ANNA OCTAVIA (LEWIS), patri otic worker, was born in 1808, and died in June, 1890, in Montgomery; daughter of Col. Joseph Joel and Mariam (Eastham) Knox, the former a native of Albemarle County, Va., who early settled in Surry County, N. C, com manded a company at the battle of King's Mountain, in 1784, represented Surry County, N. O, in the house of commons, removed to Nashville, Tenn., in 1789, served as a member of the convention of 1796 that framed the con stitution of Tennessee and was in 1796 and 1799 a member of the State senate, the latter the niece of Lord Fairfax; granddaughter of William Terrell and Sarah (Martin) Lewis, the former a native of Hanover County, Va later a resident of Surry County, N. C, rep resented this county in the general assembly, 1781, 1783, 1785, 1786, and 1788, and a captain in the Revolutionary War; great-granddaugh ter of David Lewis and wife, a Miss Terrell, the former a native of Hanover County, Va., who removed to Albemarle County, and at one time a merchant; great-great-granddaughter of John Lewis, one of the original brothers that emigrated from Wales to America and who died in Hanover County, Va. For thirty years Mrs. Knox taught a Sunday school class for negroes at Court Street Methodist church. She was one of the most prominent and zeal ous workers of the Ladies' memorial associa tion. For a number of years she lived in what is now called the White House of the Confed eracy. Married: William Knox (q. v.). Last residence: Montgomery. KNOX, JAMES CROLL, physician, was born March 28, 1812, in Jackson County, Ga. and died March 27, 1877 in Talladega; son of Sam uel and Mary (Montgomery) Knox, jr., the for mer a native of Oglethorpe County, Ga., born October 6, 1789, who served in the War of 1812, and commanded a company under Gen. Floyd in the campaigns against the Creek In dians; grandson of Samuel and Mary (Luckie) Knox, the former who was born January 1 1747, was married in 1774, and died in 1835, in Jackson County, Ga., a farmer, who was a sol dier in the Revolution, and after the war, built Knox's fort in the state of Georgia for protec tion against the Cherokee Indians, and of Col Hugh Montgomery, a prominent man in Jack son County, Ga.; great-grandson of John and Jean (Gracy) Knox, who emigrated to America DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 991 from Coleraine, Ireland, about 1740, in com pany with Mrs. Knox's brother, Patrick Gracy, and others, and settled first, it is thought, in Pennsylvania, before going south to Carolina, where they were among the first settlers of Rowan County, N. C, the former a native of Scotland, born about the year 1708, who went from Scotland to Ireland with other Scotch emigrants, by invitation of the King of Eng land, to constitute a balance of power against the insurgent Irish Catholics, the latter a daughter of Jean Sinclair, a relative of the mother of John Knox, the Reformer, who was a Sinclair. Dr. Knox studied medicine and was graduated from Transylvania university, Lex ington, Ky., M. D., 1834. He settled in Talla dega in 1835, and became a physician of dis tinguished ability, especially eminent in the de partment of surgery. He was a thorough anatomist, and a master of the science of medi cine in all its branches. During his forty years of activity in the medical profession, his prac tice extended through adjoining counties and to other parts of the state. Soon after locating in Talladega, he was elected a ruling elder in the Presbyterian church, and held that office for about forty years. He was especially de voted to the educational interests of the church, and was influential in the establishment of the Synodical female institute, finally succeeding, in connection with others, in placing the school upon a permanent and prosperous basis. Married: (1) July 18, 1837, at Talladega, to Mary Jane Bowie, who was born October 27, 1816, at Abbeville, N. C, and died June 8, 1857, daughter of Chancellor Alexander and Susan (Barnett) Bowie (q. v.) ; (2) April 14, 1858, to Mary Elizabeth Barnett, who died in 1870, first cousin to his first wife; (3) in Octo ber, 1872, to Mrs. Margaret E. (Johnston) Rice, who was born March 29, 1836, in Mecklenburg County, N. O, a descendant of the Alexander and Morrison families of North Carolina, who was married while in her teens to Rev. Mr. Rice, then pastor of the Presbyterian church in Palestine, Tex., was left a widow in a few years, during which time she taught in Marion sem inary, and died May 15, 1894. Children, by first marriage: 1. Alexander Bowie, b. June 15, 1838, served as major of the Forty-second Alabama regiment, C. S. Army, was mortally wounded at the battle of Corinth, d. January 29, 1863, unmarried; '2. Samuel Luckie, b. March 21, 1840, brigadier-general, C. S. Army, killed in the battle of Franklin, Tenn., December 21, 1864, unmarried; 3. Laura Cynthia, b. April 9, 1842, m. James Gillespie, resides in Nashville, Tenn., children, Samuel, Mamie, Julius, Alice, James, Rosa, Hendrick, and Fannie; 4. Mary Jane, b. July 29, 1843, m. John McDaniel of Livingston, children, Belle, Lila, Henry, John and Louis; 5. Rosa, b. July 13, 1845, m. Lewis Brown of Sumterville, Sumter County; 6. James Croll, jr., b. September 11, 1847, at Aber deen, Miss.; 7. Susan Jack, b. June 11, 1847, d. May 20, 1855; 8. William Andrew, b. March 23, 1851, d. October 22, 1892, m. January 16, 1879, to Mary Belle Wardsworth, his cousin, whose mother Rosa Bowie, was a daughter of Gen. John Bowie, two children, Rosa Belle and James Croll, after his death, his widow m. March 20, 1894, James F. Rogers of Covington, Ga.; 9. Jabez Madison, b. May 29, 1853, d. August, 1888, unmarried; 10. John Barnett (q. v.); by second marriage: 11. Anna Margaret, b. March 4, 1859, m. Dr. Patillo Simpson of Laurens, S. C, children, Mary, Lucia, Knox and Annie; 12. Lillie Belle, b. August 21, 1860, m. A. W. Cockrell, jr., of Jacksonville, Fla., children, Susan, Jane Knox, Nathan, Lucia and Augustus William; 13. Lucia Barnett, b. No vember 7, 1861, d. May 12, 1889, was the first wife of A. W. Cockrell of Jacksonville, Fla.; 14. Zannie Bowie, b. May 27, 1864, m. Dr. William F. Thetford, Talladega; 15. Susan, d. at Talla dega, unmarried. Last residence: Talladega. KNOX, JOHN B., merchant, was born May 1, 1850, in Upson County, Ga.; son of O. F. and Susan (Kendall) Knox, natives of Georgia, the former a physician and a member of the leg islature in 1859-1860, who died in 1873 in Pike County. He was educated in the schools of Pike County, and at the age of seventeen began business as a clerk in a mercantile establish ment at Brundidge, later becoming a partner in the business. In 1880, he moved to Troy and engaged in the millinery and dry goods business. He became secretary of the Alabama terminal and improvement company, which had the contract for building the Alabama mid land railroad; was secretary and a large stock holder in the Troy fertilizer company; and was one of the directors of the Troy normal school. He is a member of the Methodist Epis copal church, South; of the Knights of Honor; and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Married: February 6, 1873, at Brundidge, to Lula Margaret, daughter of Edward and Lucy (Perry) Dinkins, of Midway. Chil dren: 1. Edward O.; 2. Mabel; 3. John B.; 4. Cephus Kendall, b. August 1, 1882, attended the University of Alabama, and enlisted in the U. S. Navy, 1901; 5. Evelyn, attended the Uni versity of Alabama, m. Herbert McLeod, of Troy; 6. Lucy; 7. Susan. Residence: Troy. KNOX, JOHN BARNETT, lawyer, was born February 16, 1857, at Talladega; son of James Croll and Mary Jane (Bowie) Knox (q. v.). He was educated in private schools at Talla dega, and after the War of Secession, when his father's health had failed and his fortune had been swept away, he began to work by day and continued his studies by night. After de ciding to adopt the law as his profession, he entered the office of Judge John T. Heflin of Talladega as a student, and was admitted to the bar in 1878. He practiced law at Talla dega in partnership with Frank W. Bowdon in the firm of Bowdon and Knox, until the death, a few years later, of Mr. Bowdon. He moved from Talladega to Anniston in December, 1888, where he has continued to reside and to prac tice his profession. He is associated with W. P. Acker, J. K. Dixon, M. H. Sims and Niel P. Sterne, in the law firm of Knox, Acker, Dixon and Sterne, of Anniston and Talladega. Mr. Knox was a delegate at large from Alabama to the Democratic national convention in 1892 and 1896; was chairman of the state executive committee; and managed Johnston's campaign. 992 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY He was elected to membership in the state con stitutional convention of 1901 as one of the four delegates from the state at large, and on the assembling of the convention was elected president of that body. He was prominently connected with the reform of the suffrage in Alabama, had taken part in the movement from the beginning and spent many years endeavor ing to induce the legislature to submit the ques tion to the people. Mr. Knox closed the de bate upon the question of the majority report of the committee on suffrage at the request of Judge Thomas W. Coleman, chairman of the committee, and successfully answered four of the most prominent and leading opponents of the measure, including ex-Gov. Jones, ex-Gov. Oates, Hon. Frank S. White, chairman of the Morgan campaign committee, and Hon. Robert Lowe, chairman of the State Democratic com mittee. The constitutional convention of Vir ginia, which convened some months prior to the Alabama convention, was considering three re ports on a suffrage plan to be adopted by the body at that time. Members of the Virginia convention took the stenographically reported proceedings of the Alabama convention, pub lished each morning, to enable the former to keep up with the work and progress made by the latter on suffrage and other matters. The argument which Mr. Knox made on that occa sion by unanimous resolution was ordered read from the clerk's desk before the constitutional convention of Virginia, and by that conven tion was ordered to be printed in full in its proceedings, a compliment which was extended to no other address made before the Alabama convention. Furthermore, the Virginia conven tion abandoned the plan they were working on and practically adopted the Alabama plan of suffrage. Mr. Knox was twice offered a posi tion on the supreme court bench of Alabama and was twice nominated for congress in his own district, but declined both positions each time. He is a Presbyterian; a Knight of Pythias; and an Elk. Married: February 13, 1884, to Carrie Egleton, daughter of Dr. Rob ert Greene and Mary Elizabeth (Ewing) Mc- Clure, who lived at Lewisburg, Tenn., the for mer a prominent citizen of Marshall County, Tenn., of Scotch-Irish ancestry, the latter of English ancestry, whose parents came from Amelia County, Va. Children: 1. Carrie Mc- Clure; 2. Mary Lyle, d. September 16, 1898. Residence: Anniston. KNOX, ROBERT H, member of the constitu tional convention of 1875, from Montgomery County. KNOX, SAMUEL L., major, 1st Alabama in fantry regiment, C. S. Army. KNOX, WILLIAM, sr., banker and planter, was born December 22, 1800, in-Strabane, Ire land, and died in Montgomery, June 9, 1869; son of Joseph and Isabel (Henderson) Knox, of County Tyrone, Ireland. He had a brother J. Henderson Knox, also born in Strabane, Jan uary 24, 1802, and died at Montgomery October 1, 1855, having at least one child, J. H. Knox, jr., who died the year after the father. Mr. Knox settled in Winchester, Tenn., removed to Montgomery in the thirties; established the Central bank of Alabama, erecting the bank building at the northeast corner of Dexter avenue and Court Square; and built the resi dence on the corner of Lee and Bibb streets, now known as the first white house of the Con federacy, where his family lived for some years, later removing to a home on Perry street, which was noted for its hospitality. Mr. Knox was active in civic affairs, the first money paid into the treasury of the Confederacy was bor rowed from the Central bank, February 26, 1861, to supply food and blankets for the vol unteers. He was a Methodist, but late in life became a Catholic; a Democrat; and ardent Secessionist. Married: November 7, 1827, at Winchester, Tenn., to Anne Octavia (q. v.), daughter of Col. Joseph Joel and Miriam (East- ham) Lewis, the former an officer in the Revo lutionary Army who was wounded at the battle of King's Mountain. Mrs. Knox was famed for her energy, charity and patriotism. She or ganized the women of Montgomery into the Ladies aid association for service to the Con federacy; was a charter- member of the Hos pital association and after the close of the war, in 1866, a charter member of the Ladies mem orial association. The private purse of Mr. Knox was placed at the service of the associa tion. Children: 1. John H., d. young; 2. Joel Joseph, d. unmarried; 3. William C. Claiborne, deceased; 4. Myra Eulalie, b. December 3, 1831, m. Thomas J. Semmes of New Orleans, and is still living; 5. William Hickman, deceased; 6. Anna Isabel, m. (1) Wm. S. Donnell; (2) John Paul and had a daughter, Lucy, who married a Fitzpatrick, and lives at Pollard; 7. William K., jr., Confederate soldier, and now an inmate of the Soldiers' home, m. Annie, daughter of Robert E. Coxe (q. v.) ; 8. John Haywood, de ceased; 9. Robert H. (no facts); 10. George, deceased; 11. Robert Henderson, clerk in the Central bank, member Washington artillery, C. S. Army, lawyer, Republican member of house of representatives, 1871-72, and State senate, 1876-77, and member of the constitutional con vention 1875, from Montgomery County, solici tor Montgomery County, 1872-76, consul to Hamilton, Ont, 1877, and delegate to Republi can convention at Cincinnati, 1876, that nomi nated R. B. Hayes, m. Ada, daughter of John and Sarah (Parker) Herron, and died at Clan ton in 1916; 12. Mary Louisa, d. in infancy; 13. Mary Ann, d.; 14. Hickman Lewis, deceased. Last residence: Montgomery: KOLB, REUBEN FRANCIS, business man, was born April 16, 1839, at Eufaula, Barbour County; son of Davis Cameron and Emily Frances (Shorter) Kolb, the former a native of Cheraw, Cheraw District, S. C, who lived at Eufaula, and at Apalachacola, Fla., engaged in general merchandising and in the cotton commission business; grandson of Jesse and Susan Kolb, of Cheraw, S. C, and of Reuben C. and Mary (Gill) Shorter, of Eufaula. His great-grandfather Kolb came from Germany to America when a young man, was a major in the Revolutionary war, and was killed on Pedee River, in South Carolina, on which spot a HENRY B. GRAY, Sr. DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 995 monument, erected by the government, stands today as a memorial of his devotion to his adopted country. Capt. Kolb was educated in the common schools of Eufaula, and at the University of North Carolina, graduating in June, 1859. He enlisted in the C. S. Army as sergeant in Co. B, First Alabama regiment for twelve months; then raised and commanded Kolb's battery of artillery through the re mainder of the war, during the last year, be ing in command of a battalion. After the war he engaged in farming; was commissioner of agriculture, 1886-1890; was the unsuccessful candidate for governor in 1890 and 1892; and was again commissioner of agriculture, 1911- 1915. He is a Democrat and was for twenty- five years on the executive committee of Bar bour County; and is a Baptist. Married: Jan uary 3, 1860, at Eufaula, to Calledonia, daughter of Thomas and Louisa Ann Cargile, of Eufaula. Children: 1. Emily Frances, m. Lucius J. Richardson; 2. Reuben, deceased, m. Pearl Hollifield, five children; 3. William Howard, m. Edith May Snow. Residence: Montgomery. KORNEGAY, ROBERT RUTLAND, mer chant, was born July 28, 1863, at Van Dorn, Marengo County; son of Charles and Flora Louisa (Rutland) Kornegay, the former a native of Goldsboro, N. C, who served one year in the C. S. Army, then returned home on ac count of ill health, and was appointed by the commissary department to collect supplies for the army; grandson of Bryan and Margaret (Williams) Kornegay, Goldsboro, N. C, and of Ben and Mary (Pickett) Rutland, of North Carolina, and later, Mobile, the former a direct descendant of the Duke of Rutland, England, and the latter a first cousin of Albert Pickett, the Alabama historian. He was educated in the private schools at Demopolis; at Howard college, Marion; and at Moore's business college, Atlanta, Ga. He farmed for two years; was a wholesale grocer at Selma for three years, and is now engaged in the merchandise brokerage and commission business in Selma. He served as a member of the city council of Selma for two years; and represented Dallas County in the State legislature, 1907. He is a Democrat; a Baptist; and an Elk. Married: July 30, 1889, at Selma, to Mamie, daugh ter of Robert and Mary Daniel (Montague) Bates, of Perry County, and a direct descend ant of Drago de Montague, who figured con spicuously in the service of William, Duke of Normandy, in his conquest of England in the eleventh century. Residence: Selma. KUMPE, GEORGE ERNEST, physician and surgeon, was born September 12, 1818, at Hes- sen Kassel, Germany, and died at Leighton, August 29, 1887. He came to America when he was twenty-two years of age; attended the med ical school, at Louisville, Ky., and University of Pennsylvania, graduating in 1847. In 1846 he began the practice of medicine at La Grange, later moved to Leighton in 1855 where he prac ticed until his death. He joined the State med ical association in 1869, was president, 1872, and again in 1873; afterwards member of the board of censors for six years. He was a Lutheran while in Germany, but joined the Methodist church when he came to America; a Democrat; and a Mason. Married: December 2, 1847, at La Grange, to Rebecca Frances, daughter of Major James and Rebecca Kennerly of La Grange. Children: 1. Joseph Martin, physician; 2. James C. Kumpe (q. v.) ; 3. George E. Kumpe, jr., physician, Washington, D. C; 4. Henry P. Kumpe, druggist, Leighton; 5. Catherine, deceased; 6. Edward W., deceased; 7. John W.; 8. Carlos, deceased. Last residence: Leighton. KUMPE, JAMES C, lawyer and judge, was born May 27, 1852, at La Grange, Colbert County; son of George E. and Rebecca F. (Ken nerly) Kumpe (q. v.). He was educated in the schools of La Grange and Huntsville, and at Cumberland university law school, Lebanon, Tenn., graduating June 4, 1874, with the degree of LL. B. He immediately entered upon the practice of his profession at Moulton on Septem ber 8, 1874, continuing until November 1, 1886, when he was elected probate judge of Lawrence County; was re-elected 1892-1898, 1904, 1910, and 1913. He is a Democrat; a Methodist; and Knight of Pythias. Married: March 14, 1878, at Moulton, to Mary A., daugh ter of John W. and Susan Allen, who lived at Pebble. Children: 1. Irene, m. Dr. Thomas H. Irwin; 2. Sue, m. James M. Irwin; 3. May, m. H. D. Jones of Russellville; 4. J. E., m. Lily ; 5. Ola, Moulton. Residence: Moul ton. KYLE, JAMES ALFRED, public official, was born February 28, 1862, at Bellefonte, Jackson County; son of Nelson and Mary Jane (Rob inson) Kyle, the former a native of Madison County, who lived at Bellefonte and Scotts boro, was salt agent during the War of Seces sion, served as sheriff of Jackson County, 1865- 1868, as deputy in the probate office, 1868-1874, as county treasurer, 1870-1874, as judge of pro bate, 1874-1880, and as register in chancery from 1880 until his death, September 19, 1886, at Scottsboro; grandson of John and Mary Jane Kyle, who lived at Kyle's Spring, Jackson County, and of Nelson Robinson, a lawyer of Bellefonte. He received his early education in Bellefonte and Scottsboro, and attended the Ala bama agricultural and mechanical college at Auburn, 1877-1878, and Moore's business col lege in Atlanta, Ga., 1882. He assisted in the probate judge's office in Jackson County for some time previous to 1880; clerked in stores until 1883; became a partner to his father and was a merchant for two years; went to Texas in 1885, and remained there about a year; re turned to Jackson County in 1886; was ap pointed register in chancery in that year, and continued in that office until 1916; was elected assistant secretary of the Alabama senate in 1901; was elected secretary of the senate in 1906, and was re-elected in 1911; acted as spe cial agent for the government in 1907 in gath ering marriage and divorce statistics. He is a Presbyterian; a Mason; an Odd Fellow; a Knight of Honor; a Knight of Pythias; and a 996 DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY Woodman of the World. Married: March 24, 1885, in Chattanooga, Tenn., to Vula Sabine, daughter of Dr. Constantine Blackman and Duanna Ann (White) Sanders, of Scotts boro, the former a Presbyterian minister for more than forty years. Children: 1. Mary Du, b. January 17, 1886, m. Marion Montgomery Wingfield, child, Vula Abbott, residence, Rome, Ga.; 2. Vula Sidney b. October 29, 1887, m. Russell Land Telford, child, Mary, residence, Louisville, Ky.; 3. Victoria Robinson, b. Octo ber 31, 1889, m. Hugh Boyd, Scottsboro; 4. Ruth, b. March 26, 1891, m. Elwood Price Oli ver, child, Vula, residence, Reform, Pickens County; 5. Thomas Cobbs, b. December 9, 1892, engaged in concrete construction, Louisville, Ky.; 6. Fred Simpson, b. August 4, 1898, Scotts boro. Residence: Scottsboro. KYLE, OSCEOLA, lawyer, was born February 26, 1837, at Wetumpka, Elmore County, and died March 13, 1888; son of William Sheridan and Janetta (McClung) Kyle, the former a Vir ginian; grandson of Henry and Elizabeth Mc Clung; great-grandson of Archibald Alexander of Princeton, N. J. The McClungs and Kyles came originally from Scotland. During the early part of the War of Secession, he served as captain of a company in the Forty-seventh Ala bama regiment. Two of the years of the war he was imprisoned on Johnson's Island; and at the time of the surrender, held the rank of colonel. He was admitted to the bar at Rock ford; practiced law in Wetumpka, 1882-1885; and had a law office in Birmingham. He was a Democrat and at one time refused the nom ination of his party as candidate for congress; was a Mason; and was author of a series of articles, "Old Wetumpka and its Surround ings." Married: (1) November 26, 1869, at Nashville, Tenn., to Mary Jane, daugh ter of James and Mary Jane (Taylor) Met calfe, of that place; (2) June 16, 1876, at Wetumpka, to Eliza, daughter of Charles M. and Judson (Holman) Cabot, the former of Brattleboro, Vt., and the latter of Wetumpka. Children: 1. Mary Janetta, m. Rev. Harold Baldwin; 2. Ola, m. John Harvey Grant; 3. Margaret Virginia; 4. Thomas Williams, de ceased; 5. Elizabeth McClung; 6. William Ca bot. Last residence: Wetumpka. KYLE, OSCEOLA, lawyer, was born January 9, 1862, at Tuskegee, Macon County; son of Ponsonby and Martha Adaline (Tranum) Kyle, the former of New York city, who came South at the age of twenty, served as assistant surgeon in the C. S. Army, joining the 47th Alabama regiment, was in Hood's army of the invasion of Tennessee, the latter who spent her childhood with the Indians, and could speak fluently the Creek language; grandson of Wil liam and Sophie (Henklus) Kyle, who lived in New York city, the former who was a large merchant, operating at the same time stores in New York, Charleston, S. C, and Fincastle, Va., and of Thomas and Sallie (Rice) Tranum, of Montgomery County, the former of English descent, who was one of the early pioneers of Montgomery County, was related to the Toombs of Georgia, to Gov. Ben Fitzpatrick, and to the Fitzpatricks of Montgomery County. The Kyles and Henkluses are of Irish descent. Col. Osceola Kyle (q. v.), was a cousin of Judge Kyle. Judge Kyle received his early education in the schools of Tuskegee, Macon County, and attended the University of Alabama for one year. He studied law in the office of Brewer and Brewer in Tuskegee, and was admitted to the bar on April 1, 1881, by the circuit court of Macon County, Judge James E. Cobb presiding. He worked in various capacities until 1883, re moving to Opelika at the time of the "Opelika War." He again took up the study of law under Gen. George P. Harrison, of Opelika. In 1885 and 1886, he was city attorney for what was then the "District of Opelika," and rep resented Lee County in the legislature of 1886-7. He removed to Decatur in 1887 and at several different times was city attorney for Decatur and New Decatur. In the years 1894-5, 1896-7, and 1898-9, he represented Mor gan County in the State legislature; in 1899 was appointed associate railroad commissioner, by Gov. Joseph F. Johnston; in 1900 was ap pointed circuit judge for eighth judicial cir cuit, by Gov. Jelks; in 1904 was appointed Fed eral judge on the Isthmian Canal, by President Roosevelt, resigning this office in 1905 to take up the practice of law in Decatur. He was first lieutenant, Gateway Guards, 1887-1888; captain of Joe Johnston Rifles, in the War with Spain; major, third Battalion, first Alabama U. S. Volunteers infantry, 1898. He saw six month's service at Miami and Jacksonville, Fla., and was mustered out in Birmingham in 1898. On the reorganization of the regiment as part of State militia, he was elected lieu tenant coloneL He is a Democrat and a Christian Scientist. Married:. February 19, 1889, to Wilhelmina, daughter of William Chap- pel and Sallie Fannie (Toomer) Ross, of Ope lika. The Toomers were from Virginia and the Ross family was of English descent. Children: 1. Virginia, m. Robert S. Brown; 2. Frances, m. Victor J. Heard; 3. Ponsonby. Residence: De catur. KYLE, ROBERT BENJAMIN, business man, was born May 24, 1826, at Leaksville, Rock ingham County, N. C; son of James and Eliza beth Lee (Jones) Kyle, who lived at Leaks ville, N. C, the former a native of County Tyrone, Ireland, who came to America in 1812, and after several years of adventure, located in Leaksville, N. C, where he engaged in mer chandising and the manufacture of tobacco, and who died at Leaksville in 1836; grandson of Benjamin and Sarah Jones, who lived near Martinsville, Henry County, Va., the former an officer in the continental army, who com manded a company at the battle of Agua Creek, near the city of Washington, defeated the Brit ish, and saved the city from capture at that time. He was reared by his stepfather, Col. Joseph Kyle, at Columbus, Ga., attended school in Leaksville, N. C, in Russell County, in Columbus, Ga., and at Edge Hill, preparatory and commercial school at Princeton, N. J. In 1845, he was engaged as clerk in the dry goods store of J. and J. Kyle, and in 1846, was taken into copartnership. He sold his interest in that business in 1850, and entered the wholesale gro cery business under the firm name of Grimes, DICTIONARY OF ALABAMA BIOGRAPHY 997 Kyle and Thornton. In the spring of 1853, he moved to Cherokee County and engaged in planting on the Coosa River. He left his farm and moved to Gadsden in September, 1857, and became a merchant and banker. Gadsden at that time had a population of but one hundred and fifty people, and contained three small stores. He organized a company and built a steamboat for the Coosa River and its tribu taries, and at the outbreak of the War of Se cession, Gadsden had become a large cotton mar ket, and Mr. Kyle had built up a good business. He opened the first recruiting office for enlist ments in regular army of the Confederate States of America in Alabama in 1861, and in 1862, in connection with Capt. I. P. Moragne, organ ized a company of volunteer infantry. In the organization of the company he was elected first lieutenant, and when the regiment was or ganized at Talladega, the Gadsden company became Co. A, Thirty-first Alabama volunteers. Mr. Kyle was elected quartermaster of the regiment, and served as such until before the battle of Taswell, when his health failed and he was sent to Columbus, Ga., to recuperate. As he was not able to resume active duty in the field, he was assigned to duty with Maj. Frank Dillard, division quartermaster, with head quarters at Columbus, Ga. He remained in that service until the end of the war. After the surrender, he returned to Gadsden and entered the mercantile business. Soon after he under took the construction of the Alabama and Chat tanooga railroad, and later, in connection with W. P. Hollingsworth, built the Gadsden branch from Attala. He engaged in the lumber busi ness in 1870, and from that time until 1912, successfully operated a sawmill at Gadsden. In 1887, he was one of the corporators of the Gadsden furnace company; was one of the cor porators of the Gadsden pipe and foundry com pany; and of the Gadsden car and machine com pany. In 1887, with Capt. J. M. Elliot, jr., he built the Elliot car company plant, and was connected with that company until it was sold to the Southern car and foundry company. He was president of the Gadsden land and improve ment company, and held a directorship in al most every other incorporated institution at Gadsden. He was the first mayor of Gadsden, and was a member of the constitutional con vention of 1901. He was a Democrat; a Bap tist; and a Royal Arch Mason. Married: (1) December 5, 1848, at Columbus, Ga., to Mary Allen Thornton, who died in 1855, in Cherokee County, daughter of Dozier Thornton, a plan ter, who represented Cherokee in the State leg islature, 1858-1860; (2) October 2, 1856, at Co lumbus, Ga., to Mary Virginia, daughter of Nathaniel Nuckolls, a planter, civil en gineer and contractor; (3) September 30, 1894, at Atlanta, Ga., to Mrs. Sarah H. Huguly, daughter of John White, of Pulaski, Tenn. He had two children by his first marriage, both of whom are deceased; and twelve by his second marriage, of whom the following survive: 1. Nina, m. James M. Elliot, jr.; 2. Thomas Stone wall, vice-president of the First national bank of Gadsden; 3. Edith Kyle, m. E. E. Thompson of Anniston; 4. Bessie, m. W. J. Beggs of Gads den; 5. Robbie, m. F. F. Smith of Salisbury, N. C. Last residence: Gadsden. KYLE, RUBY BERYL, author. Deceased. Last residence: Birmingham. KYSER, JAMES KEATLY, merchant and legislator, was born March 29, 1862, at Belle ville, Conecuh County; son of George W. and Frances (Andrews) Kyser, of Belleville, the former was a merchant and served as county commissioner for eight years; grandson of Simeon and Nancy (Smith) Kyser, and of Henry M. and Elizabeth (Watts) Andrews, all of Belleville, but natives of South Carolina. The father of Simeon Kyser came from Ger many. He was educated in the common schools of the state; and is a merchant at Burnt Corn, where he began business in 1890. He was a delegate to the St. Louis convention which nominated Alton B. Parker for the presidency, 1908. He represented Monroe County in the legislature of 1915. He is a Democrat; Metho dist; Mason; and a Shriner. Married: Feb ruary 9, 1887, to Cora, daughter of John G. and Mary Eliza (Salter) Betts, of Evergreen, the former served in Hilliard's Legion, afterwards the 23rd Alabama battalion of sharpshooters, and while serving under Gen. Archibald Gracie and Col. J. W. A. Sanford was shot in the mouth and lost part of his lower jaw. Resi dence: Burnt Corn. KYSER, JOSEPH MADISON, associate in spector of convicts, was born January 1, 1872, at Pine Apple, Wilcox County; son of Philip and Margaret Annie (Melton) Kyser, the for mer was born at Belleville, Conecuh County, served in Co. B, 3rd Alabama cavalry regi ment, C. S. Army, under Gen. Joseph Wheeler; grandson of George and Lucinda (Nored) Kyser, of Belleville, and of Joseph and Nancy Jane (Ptomey) Melton, of Pine Apple. On his father's side he is of German descent, on his . mother's, English. He was educated in the common schools of Wilcox County; at Monroe academy; attended Howard college, East Lake, 1889-1890, and the commercial business college of the Kentucky university, where he grad uated in 1890. In that year he became a mem ber of the faculty of his Alma Mater; in 1892, a member of the faculty of the Rome business college; and was with the Sullivan and Crich- ton business college, Atlanta, 1895-96. From 1897 to 1915 he was engaged as a bookkeeper, and later was engaged in the fertilizer and cotton oil business, being general manager of a number of companies in Alabama and Mis sissippi. From 1907 to 1914, he was alderman of Albertville. On April 12, 1915, he was ap pointed by Gov. Charles Henderson, associate inspector in the convict department, holding this place throughout his administration. He is a Democrat; Baptist; Mason; Elk; and a Woodman of the World. Married: December 16, 1896, at Atlanta, Ga., to Flora Belle, daughter of Prof. James Russell and Mary Cook (Winship) Glenn; granddaughter of • Isaac Winship, founder of Winship machine shops, Atlanta, Ga., and his wife who was a Miss Cook, sister of Gen. Phil Cook, at one time secretary of State of Georgia. Children: 1. Menton Winship; 2. Russell Glenn; 3. Mary Lucile; 4. Irene Gray; 5. Flora Belle; 6. Joseph Madison, jr. Residence: Albertville. INDEX TO PORTRAITS VOLUME III Ashcraft, J. T. 793 Inge, H. T. 713 Baldwin, B. J 761 Barker, P. D 753 Beauchamp, G. A 601 Bradley, L. C 569 Brewer, Willis 473 Broadus, S. S 409 Browne, S. B 297 Bryce, Peter 273 Bush, T. G 65 Caldwell, H. M 433 Carmichael, J. M 321 Chadick, W. D 169 Clark, L. V 553 Clayton, H. D 89 Cobb, R. W 105 Cody, Michael 121 Coffee, John 137 Comer, B. B 657 Copeland, B. G 745 Crum, B. P 945 Crumpton, W. B 441 Cunningham, R. M 225 Davis, W. E. B. Dent, S. H DuBose, F. G. . Eyster, J. C. Farley, J. G. Forney, W. H . . Foster, H. B . Frazer, T. H.. 777 849857 529 305265 417 633 Gaines, V. P 665 Garth, Jesse W 113 Garth, W. W 193 Glenn, R. L 25 Goode, Rhett 585 Gray, H. B., Sr 993 Grayson, J. W 737 Greene, J. B 561 Hanson, V. H 329 Harrison, G. P 209 Harsh, G. R 729 Hartwell, H. T 313 Henderson, Charles 145 Hillman, T. T 817 Hoff, G. A 289 Houghton, M. B 593 Houghton, W. R 689 Jelks, W. D 177 Jemison, Robert, IV Joiner, G. A Jones, T. G 881 361 Q-| Jordan, M. H 545 Kaul, J. L 617 Kettig, W. H '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 641 Lancaster, J. A ggj Lancaster, W. L 913 Lane, A. O gg^ Leedy, W. B ¦¦..............'. 841 London, A. T ' 153 Lovejoy, T. E 705 McAdory, I. W 281 McAdory, W. P 401 McCormack, G. B 4gx Martin, W. L [[[ 697 Milner, W. J 449 Molton, T. H 985 Morrow, Hugh g09 Mudd, W. S 393 Norwood, Joseph 185 O'Neal, Emmet 129 Owen, T. M '.'.'.'.'. 49 Partlow, W. D. Pearson, R. H. Powers, J. K. . Pratt, Daniel, Jr. 425 833 33 937 Pratt, Daniel, Sr 921 Pratt, M. E 953 Prude, J. O, Sr 257 Pugh, J. C 385 Pugh, J. L 369 Ramsay, Erskine 57 Robinson, E. M 465 Roden, B. F 865 Rogers, C. B 345 Rucker, E. W 41 Rushton, Ray 649 Samford, T. D 489 Samford, W. J 217 Sevier, Landers 801 Sheehan, W. T 905 Sherman, S. S 721 Sibley, B. D 505 999 1000 INDEX TO PORTRAITS Sibley, J. W 673 Sims, W. H 9 Skeggs, W. E 353 Smith, A. P 825 Smith, E. A 233 Smith, H. T 873 Smith, J. C 521 Smith, McQueen 897 Smith, S. P 929 Somerville, H. M 969 StoUenwerck, Frank, Sr 97 Talley, D. F 889 Taylor, R. V 577 Thach, a C 785 Thomas, C. E 457 Thomas, W. H 73 Trawick, Henry 337 Turner, Horace 377 Tutwiler, E. M 809 Tyson, J. R 625 Underwood, W. T 497 Vaiden, W. J 977 Vandiver, W. F 537 Walker, H. P 513 Walker, L. P 161 Watts, T. H 17 Weakley, S. D 201 Wiley, A. A 241 Wilson, J. H 769 Wyman, W. S., Sr 249 YALE UNIVERSITY !867i*Ub