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"I give thefe Books
for the founding of a College in this Colony"

»YALIl«'¥]MII¥IEI^SIIirY''

Gift of
Dr. Hiram Bingham
ofthe Class of 1898
1907

New-Englands Memoriall

Limited to One Hundred and Fifty Copies,
of which this is No. ...<^.Q 

c

0t^ (BuQUnXt^ By
NATHANIEL MORTON

With an Introduction by
Arthur Lord

BOSTON
THE CLUB OF ODD VOLUMES
1903

Copyright, ipoj
By The Club of Odd Volumes

UNIVERSITY PRESS ¦ JOHN WILSON
AND SON • CAMBRIDGE, U. S. A.

Introduction

Stfttotruttion

^ T a court held in Plymouth on the 5th of
/^ March, 1667, it was ordered "that whereas
t ^ a certain Indian appertaining to our juris
diction is now in held at Boston for matter
of fact, and that there is probability of a tender of some
land for his ransom from being sent to the Barbadoes,
that in case the said land be tendered to acceptance
that it shall be improved and expended for the defray
ing of the charge of the printing of the book entitled
' New England's Memoriall.' "
On the 3d of June, 1668, at the General Court of
Elections held at Plymouth " the sume of ^ twenty
pounds in countrey pay was ordered to be improved
by the Treasurer for and towards the printing of the
book entitled New England's Memoriall ; and it was
likewise recomended to the several towns of this juris
diction by their depudes to make a free and voluntary
contribution in money for and towards the procur
ing of paper for the printing of said book." On the
7th of July, 1668, there is this entry: "In reference
unto the printing of the book entided New England
Memoriall, the Court have ordered that the Treasurer
shall indent with the printer for the printing thereof;
and to improve that which is or shall be contributed

SIntrotittrtfon

thereunto with the sume of twenty pounds ordered by
the court to that end, and the sume of five pounds
more if he shall see cause, the said twenty-five pounds
to be paid out of the countrey's stock ; and to indent
with Mr. Green to print it if he will do it as cheap as
the other, and for the number of copies to do as he
shall see cause."
And on the 3d of July, 1669, it was ordered "that
the Treasurer in the behalf of the country is to make
good a barrel of merchantable beef to Mr. Green, the
printer at Cambridge, which is to satisfy what is be
hind unpaid for and towards the printing of the book
called New England Memoriall, which barrel of beef is
something more then is due by bargain, but the court
is willing to allow it in consideration of his complaint
of a hard bargain about the printing of the book
aforesaid." The foregoing orders indicate the interest which was
taken in the " New-Englands Memoriall," and the
importance which the Colony attached to an accurate
history of its first beginnings by one who seemed by
association, relationship, experience and official posi
tion, singularly well qualified for the task. The first
edition was printed in 1669 in Cambridge by Samuel
Green and Marmaduke Johnson for John Usher of
Boston. John Higginson, minister of Salem, and Thomas
Thacher, minister of the Old South Church in Boston,
in the " Preface to the Reader " in the first edition which

Slntrotiuctfon 7

was signed by them, state that " The author is an
approved, godly man, and one of the first planters of
Plymouth. The work itself is compiled with modesty
of spirit, simplicity of style and truth of matter, con
taining the annals of New England for the space of 47
years, with special reference to Plymouth Colony which
was the first, and where the author has had his constant
abode." Nathaniel Morton was the son of George Morton,
and came to Plymouth with his father in the " Ann " in
July, 1623, being at that time a boy of about eleven
years of age. John Davis, in his preface to the fifth
edition of " New-Englands Memoriall," states that
George Morton's wife Sarah was the sister of Gov
ernor Bradford. Later investigations have shown that
George Morton's wife was Julianna, or Julia Ann,
Carpenter, a sister of Alice Carpenter, to whom Gov
ernor Bradford was married in 1623.
George Morton is commonly accepted to be the
G. Mourt whose name appears signed to the Preface
of "Mourt's Relation," which was published in England
in 1622. Possibly to his papers, as well as to the
valuable manuscript of William Bradford, the Governor
and historian of Plymouth, Nathaniel Morton, the son
and nephew, had full access. To that manuscript
history, whose discovery, in the library of the Bishop
of London at Fulham in 1 844, threw a new light upon
the early history of the Plymouth Colony, Morton
acknowledges himself to be principally indebted.

8 ^ntvoWction

In 1635 Nathaniel Morton was admitted as a freeman
of the Colony, but no record exists of the precise time
when he was appointed Clerk of the Colonial Court.
It is only known that he entered his first record of the
proceedings of the Court on the 7th of December,
1647, ^^'^ his first record ofthe town on the 4th ofthe
following March. The office held by him and his
predecessor, Mr. Sowther, was that of " clarke " until
March 5, 1667-8, at which date he for the first time
signed his name as secretary. Like his predecessor, he
kept the town records in his capacity as Colonial Clarke
or Secretary until the 4th of August, 1679, when, as
appears from the record, he was " sworne Clarke of
the Towne of Plymouth for this present yeer." See
Introduction, by William T. Davis, to Vol. i, " Records
ofthe Town of Plymouth, 1636-1705."
In the same Introduction Mr. Davis states that
Nathaniel Morton " lived for many years on the estate
now (late) occupied by Frederick L. Holmes, adjoining
Hob's Hole Brook, but in the latter part of his life he
occupied a house which stood on the easterly side of
Market Street, immediately above the estate of Mrs.
John B. Atwood. His last entry in the town records
is dated May 18, 1685, and he died on the 28th ofthe
following month."
He first married, in 1635, Lydia Cooper, daughter of
John Cooper of Scituate, who died in 1673. He mar
ried second, 1674, Hannah Templar, widow of Richard
Templar of Charlestown, and daughter of Richard

9Intt:otiuctfon

Pritchard, who survived him. He had eight children,
all by his first wife : two sons, who died in childhood, and
six daughters, two of whom died during his lifetime.
Until the publication of the Bradford " Manuscript "
in 1856, Morton's " Memoriall " was the principal source
from which succeeding writers on the early history of
the Colony drew their material.
Prince, who used the " Manuscript " in his " Annals,"
says, " I was from my early youth instructed in the
History of this Country. And the first Book of this
Kind put into my Hand was the New England Memo
rial, compos'd by Mr. Secretary Morton; being the
History of Plimuth Colony from the Beginning to
1668. . . . And here I must Observe, That Mr.
Morton's History, from the Beginning of the Plimuth
People to the End of 1646, being chiefly Gov. Brad
ford's Manuscript abbreviated; from hence it comes
to pass that in many Articles and Paragraphs which I
cite from Gov. Bradford, both Mr. Morton and I
happen to use the same Words and Sentences : Not
that I deduce them from Mr. Morton, but because they
are the original Words and Sentences in Gov. Bradford."
Dr. Young, in his " Chronicles of the Pilgrims," says
that " In part Morton's chief merit is that of a diligent
but not always accurate copyist of his uncle's documents.
He would have done a much greater service by causing
Gov. Bradford's ' History ' to be printed entire. It is
the loss of that work that now gives so much value to
his extracts and compilations."

ID

gintrotiuction

It is evident that the book did not meet the ex
pectations of the writer's friends and townsmen, and
the money contributions to its publication, made by
order of the Court, did not bring that abundant return
which was expected.
Morton clearly recognizes that there was somewhat
of disappointment among his readers. In the preface,
dated January 13, 1680, to his "Ecclesiastical History
of the Church of Christ at Plymouth in New England,"
which history " was originally penned by Mr. William
Bradford, Governor of New Plymouth," as appears by
Morton's Note on the Church records into which it is
copied by Morton, and which is now known to have
been copied from Bradford's History he writes :
" Some years since it pleased God to put an impulse
upon my spirit to do something in an historical way
concerning New England, more especially with respect
to the Colony of New Plymouth, which was entitled
New England's Memorial in which I occasionally took
notice of God's great and gracious work in erecting so
many churches of Christ in this wilderness. But it was
judged by some that were judicious that I was too
sparing and short in that behalf: the consideration
whereof put me on thought of recollecting something
more particularly relating to the church of Plymouth."
And further he writes, " and for that end did once again
repair to the study of my most honored uncle William
Bradford Esquire, deceased, for whose care and faith
fulness in such like respects we stand bound ; as firstly

9Intt;otittct(on

11

and mostly to the Lord, so secondarily to him and
his whose labors in such respect might fitly have been
published to the world had they not been involved in
and amongst particulars of other nature."
Dr. Dexter, in a communication to the Mass. His
torical Society in November, 1881 (Proceedings, Vol.
XIX, p. 108), calls attention to the fact that Hazard,
when he printed the transcript in his " Historical Col
lections," ed. 1792, gave the authorship to Morton
himself, " an error which seems to have been followed
by Judge Davis and Mr. Bancroft; and even Dr.
Thacher in his ' History of Plymouth ' (i 832) does not
lead one to infer that he had any suspicion of its source."
Dr. Alexander Young, in his " Chronicles of the
Pilgrims," 1841, discovered the true author, and pub
lished the transcript from the Church Records as Gov
ernor Bradford's " History of Plymouth Colony."
We have no knowledge of Morton's life and char
acter other than what we can gather from his writings, and
from the offices which he held. It Is difficult to under
stand why Morton failed to preserve and hand down
something more of the life at that time in the Colony.
He must have known well the leaders of the "May
flower " company, — Bradford, Brewster, Winslow and
Standish. As late as 1679, ten years after the publication
of his " Memoriall," twelve of the " Mayflower " pas
sengers were still living.
By personal acquaintance, through tradition and story
as well as in the official records which he kept for forty

1 2 SltittoDuctfon

years, the minute details of the Pilgrims' lives and
labors were in his keeping. Possibly he attached little
importance to the story of those feeble beginnings, or
thought that Bradford's history was sufficiently precise
in its narration of the events and scenes of the early
years of the Pilgrim Colony, and that at no distant day
it would be published, always to remain the authoritative
history of Plymouth.
The need of such a history as his contemporaries
evidently believed Morton would write, was to them
plain and imperative. The story of the settlement of
New England, of the causes which impelled the immi
gration to Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay, and of
the development of the Colonies during the privations
and sufi^erings of their early years, not only had not
been fiilly told, but until Morton published his "Memo
riall" no history of the Colony at Plymouth during the
years subsequent to the first three years of its settlement
had been printed. Bradford and Winslow's "Journal,"
a diary of events from the arrival of the " Mayflower "
to the return of the " Fortune " in December, and usu
ally referred to as " Mourt's Relation," was published in
1622. "Good News from New England," by Edward
Winslow, was published in 1624, and brings the story
down to September 10, 1623. Next is Winslow's "Brief
Narrative of the true grounds of cause of the first plant
ing of New England" [i 620-1 623], which was printed
in 1646 at London, at the end of his answer to Gorton,
entided " Hypocrisie Unmasked."

3Inttoiittct<on 1 3

It is of interest, therefore, to note that at the time
of the publication of Morton's book there was no
narrative history of Plymouth Colony of a later date
than 1623. Even if Morton had assumed that Brad
ford's " History " was to be printed at some date in the
future, there was the story of Plymouth Colony for
twenty years prior to the publication of his " Memoriall,"
which was not included within the limits of Bradford's
" Manuscript." Although the publication of Bradford's " History" has
taken from the " Memoriall " its chief value as a record
of the foundation of the Plymouth Colony and of
the early years of its settlement, the " Memoriall "
will always have a certain curious interest in its numer
ous biographical and obituary notices of the leading
laymen and ministers in both Plymouth and Massachu
setts Colonies, and especially in the anagrams and ele
giac verses commemorative of the lives and deaths
of these ancient worthies of New England.
It is worthy of mention also that the names ofthe
vessels, the " Mayflower " and the " Speedwell," for
ever to be connected with the Pilgrim emigration from
Holland, and the historic and tempestuous voyage
across the Atlantic, first appeared in print in Morton's
book. The fact that the name of the ship which
safely bore the Pilgrim company to their new home,
in the new world, is preserved in the Records of
the Colony in the handwriting of Bradford, forever
sets at rest the disturbing and speculative discussion

14 9ittttoDuction

whether Morton accurately gave the name of the Pil
grim ship.
Dr. Thacher says, " The work, it will be allowed,
contains a rich flind of interesting narrative, relative to
the early events which ought to be remembered, and
every page indicates a mind imbued with the true spirit
of piety and benevolence."
The first edition was published, as before stated, in
1669, at Cambridge. In the " Bibliographer's Manual
of English Literature," by William Thomas Lowndes,
there is a reference to an edition of the " New-Englands
Memoriall," by Nathaniel Morton, printed at London,
1669, and which was sold at the sale of the library of
George Richard Savage Nassau, in 1824, for eleven
shillings. No copy of that edition is now known to
exist, and it is not probable that an edition was ever
printed in London.
John Collins, a mathematician of some celebrity in
his day, who was officially connected with the Council
of Plantations at that time, writing to Dr. Beale, August
20, 1672 (see 6th Vol. Proceedings, Mass. Hist. Society,
page 427), says, " There is a 4to book printed in
New England entitled ' New England's Memorial ' by
Nathaniel Morton, being a history and journal ofthe
settlement and transactions in that Colony." Evidently
the only edition with which this English writer was
familiar was the Cambridge edition of 1669.
The printers of this first edition were Samuel Green
and Marmaduke Johnson. Samuel Green was the

Sititvotiuction 15

successor of Stephen Day, the first printer in New
England, an inhabitant of Cambridge, and who acquired
the printing press which the Rev. Joseph Glover brought
to this country. Marmaduke Johnson, whose initials,
M. J., appear on the title-page of the first edition, was
sent over to the Colony in 1660 as an assistant to
Green, when he was employed to print the Indian Bible
by the Society for Propagating the Gospel.
In May, 1665, upon Johnson's return from a visit to
England, he brought over a new press and letters, and
set up a new printing establishment in Cambridge. It
is very probable that part of the book was printed by
Samuel Green on the old press, and part by Marmaduke
Johnson on the new press. The excellent appearance
of the book is doubtless due to the superior technical
knowledge, to the longer experience, and to the finer
taste of Marmaduke Johnson, aided by an improved
press and a new font of type.
John Usher, for whom the book was printed, was a
wealthy Boston Bookseller, who married in 1668 Eliza
beth, daughter of Peter Lidgett, a rich merchant of
Boston. She died in 1698, and he married for second
wife Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel Allen, Governor
of New Hampshire. Usher was a Councillor of Massa
chusetts, Treasurer of the Province, and employed by
the Massachusetts government to negotiate the purchase
of the Province of Maine from the heirs of Ferdinand
Gorges. He was for several years Lieutenant Governor
of the Province of New Hampshire, but upon the ex-

1 6 9IntroDurtton

piration of his term of office in 1715 he returned to
Massachusetts and retired to Medford, where he died
Sept. I, 1726. His widow sold his estate of a mansion
and five hundred acres of land to Colonel Royal.
There is a striking illustration ofthe amenities ofthe
literature of that date in the references by Morton to
Samuel Gorton, in his " New-Englands Memoriall," and
in the reply by Samuel Gorton to Nathaniel Morton,
dated at Warwick, June 30, 1669, shortly after the
publication ofthe first edition ofthe " Memoriall," which
letter is printed in the " Tracts and Other Papers Col
lected by Peter Force, Washington, 1846, Vol. 4,
No. 7."
Morton refers to Samuel Gorton, who came to
Plymouth from Boston soon after his arrival in Boston
in 1636, as a " proud and pestilent seducer, and deeply
leavened with blasphemous and familistical opinions,"
and bitterly attacks the character, principles and doctrine
of Gorton and his associates. In a long letter to Mor
ton, covering some sixteen pages in Force's " Tracts,"
Gorton replies violently and indignantiy to the charges
made against him, and picturesquely describes Mor
ton's " Memoriall " in vigorous English in the lines "Yea,
your record ariseth out of the bottomlesse pit, the
smoake whereof is as a stifling fog of darknesse in your
booke." The pages of the " Memoriall " which refer to
Gorton, and Gorton's letter in reply, curiously and aptly
illustrate the spirit of those religious controversies of
that day, when the strict orthodox laymen and ministers

3IntroDuctton 17

of the time deal with those who " call the holy Word
and sermons of salvation tales ; the Lord's supper an
abomination and a spell ; baptism, vanity and abomina
tion ; the ministers of the word necromancers ; and by
other opprobrious terms vilify and traduce them," and
who, in later years and less strenuous times, delight
to be described as " advanced thinkers."
Gorton was not permitted to stay in Plymouth, was
imprisoned and whipped in Rhode Island, taken in
Providence and brought to Boston, confined in Charles
town, and then banished from the jurisdiction.
The late Mr. Ellis Ames had for many years a
manuscript copy of the statutes or laws of Plymouth
Colony in 164 long and closely written pages, certified
by and in the handwriting of Nathaniel Morton. This
contained the revision ofthe laws of 1658, with all the
supplements down through the year 1666. In Mr.
Ames' opinion it was the only one in existence of a
number of copies then made to be sent to the several
towns in the Colony, and this particular copy was sent
to the town of Bridgewater.
There were then no printed copies of the laws, and
the duties of the secretary of the Colony seemed to
require that he should transcribe and furnish to the
towns and to others who might desire them, manuscript
copies of these laws in his own handwriting. Mr.
Ames' collection of Massachusetts laws was bought by
Dr. Moore, the librarian of the Lenox Library, for his
own collection. Dr. Moore's best collection of laws is

1 8 3ItttroDuct(on

now in the library of the Historical Society of Pennsyl
vania, and his second best set of laws is in the Lenox
Library, it having been purchased after Dr. Moore's
death. Upon inquiry of the librarians of the Historical
Society of Pennsylvania, and of the Lenox Library, I
am informed that this manuscript copy by Morton of
the Statutes of Plymouth Colony is not now in either
library. If this valuable copy is now in existence its
present location is unknown. The fact, however, that
as late as 1658 it was necessary to laboriously transcribe
the Statutes of Plymouth Colony for the use of the
several towns within its jurisdiction and their citizens,
is a striking illustration of the simplicity and economy
of the early days, and of the laborious duties of a colo
nial secretary. The wearisome days which Morton
must have devoted to this arduous labor of transcribing
the laws, may affiDrd some explanation why his history
is not as full and minute as his contemporaries and their
successors have wished.
The second edition of " New-Englands Memoriall "
was printed In 172 1 at Boston, by John Allen. To
this edition was added a supplement of a few pages.
In which the history was carried to the date of the arri
val of Sir William Phipps at Boston, with the new
charter. May, 1692. The supplement was written
by Josiah Cotton, the son of the Rev. John Cotton,
who held at different times the offices of Clerk of
the Court of Common Pleas, Justice of the same
court. Register of Probate and Register of Deeds. He

SjntroDttctton 19

was the author ofthe " Account of Plymouth Church,"
which was published as an appendix to the sermon
of the Rev. Philemon Robbins, delivered at the or
dination of the Rev. Chandler Robbins at Plymouth
in 1760.
The third edition was printed at Newport in 1772,
by Solomon Southwick. No new notes were added to
that edition.
In 1826 a fourth edition ofthe "Memoriall," con
taining Mr. Cotton's supplement, was printed at Ply
mouth by Allen Danforth, at that time printer of
the Old Colony Memorial, a newspaper published at
Plymouth. The fifth edition, edited by John Davis, a Fellow of
the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Member of
the Mass. Hist. Society, and Judge of the United States
District Court, was printed In Boston In 1826. This
edition Is of great value, containing many full notes
prepared by Judge Davis, and a valuable appendix
of 143 pages. This edition was copyrighted on the
13th day of December, a. d. 1826, by the Pilgrim
Society. The sixth edition was published at Boston in 1855,
by the Congregational Board of Publication. It Is a
thick octavo volume of 537 pages, the tide-page of
which reads " New England's Memorial. By Nathaniel
Morton, Secretary to the Court for the Jurisdiction of
New Plymouth. Sixth Edition. Also Governor Brad
ford's History of Plymouth Colony ; Portions of

20 31tttroDuct(on

Prince's Chronology ; Governor Bradford's Dialogue ;
Governor Winslow's Visits to Massasoit ; with numer
ous Marginal Notes and an Appendix containing
numerous articles relating to the Labors, Principles and
Character of the Puritans and Pilgrims."
In the publication of this facsimile reproduction, the
copies of the first edition belonging to Mr. Frederick
L. Gay and Mr. George E. Littlefield of this Society,
were used by the Committee on Publication. The
copy belonging to Mr. Gay Is specially worthy of
mention as one of the few perfect copies of the first
edition of 1669 now in existence, and as a remarkably
fine specimen of this excessively rare book.
The " Memoriall " will always remain of unique Inter
est as the first Important attempt to write and print In
New England a comprehensive history of the first half
century of the settlement of the Colonies of Plymouth
and Massachusetts Bay. The contributions made by
the Colony Court to Its publication at a time when the
funds of the Colony were apparently more needed in
the bitter struggles necessary for Its existence than in
the publication of Its history, indicate the importance
which the men of that day attached to Morton's work,
and their appreciation of his capacity and special attain
ments for the task. It is a memorial well worthy of
permanent preservation. To the student of New Eng
land's history It will always have a peculiar value as the
first published account by a contemporary writer of the
men who made its history from 1620 to 1669, and of

91tittot»ttrtton 21

the events of those years which, to a judicious and
experienced observer who had a personal and official
knowledge of the men and measures which he described,
seemed the most Important and most worthy of perma
nent preservation In the pages of history. Arthur Lord.
April g, igo3.

MEMORIALS O R,
A brief Relation .of the moft Memcirable and Remarkable
PafTiges ofthe Providence of God, raanifeftedto the
PLANTERS O F
^Hs^'En^md m ^Ammca ^
With fpecial Reference to the firft Colony thereof. Called
N E W^P L I M OUTH.
As alfo a Nomination of divers of tbe moft Eminent Inftrumeots
deceafed, both of Church and Common-wealth, improved in the
firft beginning and afcer-progrcfs of fundry of the rcfpeftive ;
Jurifdiftions in thofe Parts ; in reference unto fundry
Exemplary Paflages of their LIVES, and
the time of their DEATH.

Publiflied for the Ufe and Benefit of prefent and future Generations,
By NATH ANIEL MORTON^
Secretary to tbe Court for the Jurifdidion oi New- Plimouth

' ¦" ' ' ¦ !¦ I ¦'¦ ' ¦¦¦¦r^.i. I — ¦ ¦¦ ' ¦ ¦¦¦—¦ ¦ -¦¦¦^i ¦,(,
Deut.32.1O. Hi found h'm lit a deftrt L.t!td, i/i thsrvafte hoivling Mldcmefj be-icdi)^4
About ; htinftruRedhim, hel^cpt him as thi Apple of his Eye.
Jcrem. i.i,^. i ¦<emmkr thee, thi liiBdnefs of thy youth, th: love of th'm ^IpoufiiSj
vphn thou wt'itefl after me in the rp'ifdcriiefs, in a Lajid that wniMt lo»n,Sc<r.
Deut. 8. i,itf. And ibou (kdt remember alllhe way ivkicbthe lord ihy God led thee
this fO RTY TE ARS in Che W'tUcnefs, &c.

CAMB1{n>GE:
Printed by S.G. and M. f. for John VJher of Bo^on. 1 669..

To the %eader,
T is much to be defired there might be extant A Comleat Bifiorjof
the Vnhcd Colonies of New- England, that God may nave the praife
of his goodnefs to his People here, and that the prefent and future
Generations may have the benefit thereof. This being not attainable for
the prefent, nor fuddenly to be expeded, it is very expedient, that (while
fundry of the Eldeft Planters are yet Jiying) Records and Aiemorids of
Remarkable Providences be preferved and publiflied, that the true Origi
nals of thefe Plantations raay not be loft -, that New-England, in all tirae
to come, may reraember the day of her fmalleft things •, and that there
may be a furniture oi Materials for a true and full Hiftory in after-times.
for thefe and fucTi-Iike Reafons we are willing to Recommend unto the
Reader this prefent Narrative as a Ufeful Piece. The Author is an ap
proved godly man, and one of the firft Planters at Plimouth ; The Work
it felf is Compiled with Modefty of Spirit,Simplicicy of Style,aiTd Truth of
Matter, containing the Annals olNew-Englandiot the fpace of 47 years,
with fpecial reference to Plimouth Colony, which was the firft:, and where
the Author hath had his conftant abode t And yet (fo farre as his Intclii-
gence did reach) relating many Remarkable Paffages in the feveral Co
lonies •, and alfo making an honourable raention of divers of the moft
Eminent Servimts of God that have been amongft us in feveral parts of
the Councry,after they had finifhed their courfe. We hope that the Labor
of this good man will finde a general Acceptance amongft tbe People of
God, and alfo be a means to provoke fome or other in the reft of the
Colonies (who have had the knowledge of things from the beginning)
to Conx.n\>m.ex\\tKOhfirvationszni Memorials alfo ; by wliich means,
what is wanting in this Narrative, may be fupplied by fome others : and
fo in the ifTue, from divers Memorials there may be matter for .t juft:
Hiftory of Nen>-England in the Lords good time. In the mean time,this
mrj i!c!Lniior: & Monument, a;id be defervedly acknowledged as an £^^«-
Es^er, that Hitherto the Lord hath helped tu. ,
Umhi^n 16 6 p, ^ohn Higginson*
Thomas Jhacher.

. -2. -2L. _3L _«£- -S, -2:- ^ «2S. _2L -SL ^ _^
To the Right Worfhipful,
THOMAS 'P'KJJ^CE Efcj;
Governour of the Jurifdi<5i;ion o^Nm Plimottth ;
with the WorJhiffHll, the
MAGISTRATES, His Affiftants in the faid Government :
N. M. "^ijheth Peace and Pre^erity in thit Life, ana
Eternall Happinefs in that Vfhich is to come.
Right Worfhipfull,
THe confideration of the weight of Duty
that lieth upon us, to Commcraorize'to
future Generations the memorable pafla
ges of Gods Providence to us and our Pre-
dcceflbrs in the beginning of this Planta
tion, hath wrought in me a reftlefnefs of fpirir, and ear-
ncft defire, that fomething might be atchieved in that
behalf, more (or at leaft otherwife) then as yet hath been
done. Many difcouragemcms I have mctwith,^ both
from within and without ray felf: but refle<fting' upon
the Ends I have propofed to my felf in fetting out in
this Work, it hath afforded me fome fupport, vt'{. The
A 3 S^o'^3

Th& £ftflle Dedtcatery*

glery ef God , and the goad of f relent and future Genera'
uons. Being alfo induced hereunto, by the confidera
tion thai your felves (efpecially fome of you) are fully
acquainted with many of thc particulars, both conccvnr
ing Perfons and Things, inferred in the following Nar
rative, andean on your own knowledge aflert them for
Truth. Were it fo that any other had travelled m this
kinde, in fuch a way as might have conduced to a brief
and fatisfa^ory intelligence in particulars relating to the
premifts , I would have fpared this labour , and have
fatisfied my felf in perufal of their Works, rather then
to have fet pen to paper about the fame 5 but having
neither feen nor heard of any, efpecially refpe(5Hng this
our Plantation of New-Plimouth, whidvGod hath ho
noured to be the firft in this Land, I have made bold to
prefent your Worfhips with , and to publiib to the
world fomething of thc very frfl Beginnings of thc
great Adings of God in New-England^ begun at Netv-
Plimeuth: wherein, thc greateft part of my^intclligence
hath been borrowed from my much honoured Unclej
Mr. William Bradford., and fuch Manufcripts as he left
in his Study, from, the year 1620, unto 16465 whom
had God continued in this world fome longer time, and
given him reft from his other more important Affairs,
we might probably have had thefe things from an abler.
Pen, and better digc.fted, then now you may cxpeiSL
Certain Diurnals of the honoured Mr. Edward Winflm^
have alfo afforded me good light and help: and what
from them botli, and otherwife 1 have obtained, that I
judged fuitablc for the following Difcourfe, I havc with
care and faithfulnefs related-, and have therein more
foUici-

The Efiftte Dedicatory.

foUicitoufly followed the truth of things (many of which
I can alfo aflert on my own knowledge) then I have
ftudied quaimnefs in expreflions.
I (hould gladly have Ipoken more particularly of the
Neighbouring t/«/Vf^C(?W«, whofe ends and aims in
their Tranfplanting of themfelves and Families , were
the fame with ours, viz. The glory of God, the propagation
of the Gofpel, and enlargement of His Majefties Dominions^
but for want of intelligence, and that I raay not prevent
a better Pen, I fhall onely make mention of fome of
their Worthies that we have been moft acquainted witli.
I (hall not infift upon the Clime nor Soyle of thc
Country, its Commodities or Difcommodities 5 nor at
large on the Natives, or their Cuftomes and Manners:
all which have been already declared by Captain Smith-,
Mr. Higginfon, Mr. Williams, Mr. Wood, and others.
What it is, and what my aims at Gods glory, and roy
good affedions to the place and people of whom I treat,
may make it, I prefent your Worships with 5 Humbly
craving your favourable afped, and good acceptance of
my poor Endeavours % and that my felf and it may
finde protc(5iion and (helter under the wings of your
pious Patronage, to defend us againft fuch criticall and
cenforious eyes and tongues, as may either carp at my
exprefsions, ormifconftrue my intentions. The ample
experience I have had of your undcferved Favour and
Refpcdtto rae, in my many years Service of the Publick*
and my obfervation in that time, that you have defined
fomething of this nature m;ght be done, hath encou
raged me hereunto : your good acceptance whereof,
Ihail ever oblige me to anfwerable returning of grati tude^

The Epiftle Dedicatory.

tude, and adminifter to me further caufe of thankful-
ncfs, That God hath given mc an Habitation under your
juft and prudent Adminiftrations t, and wi(h for a Suc-
ccfsion or fuch as may be skilfull to lead our ifrael in
this their peregrination j and when God (hall take you
hence, to receive the Crown of your labours and travels.
Sopraycih,

Your Worfhips humble Servant,

S\(athamel <i^/Iomn.

TO

TO THE
CHRISTIAN Reader :
Grace and Peace be multiplied 5 With Profit by
this following Narration.
Gentle Reader,
Have for fome length of time looked upon it as a duty
incumbent , efpecially on the immediate Saccejfors of
thofe that have had fo Urge Experience of thoje many
memorable and fignall Demnjlrations of Cods good'
nefs, VIZ. jhe fr(l Beginners of this Plantation in New-
'Esi^^^'^ito commit to ivritinghis gracious difpenfations on
that behalf t, having fo many inducements thereunto , not
onely oihermfe, but fo plenttfitlly in the Sacred Scriptures-'
That fi, what wc have feen, and what our fathers have pfai.78.s14.
told «s,we may not hide from our childrcn,{hewing to the
generations to come thc praifes of thc Lord 5 that efpe
cially the (kcd of Abraham his fervanr, and the children vfai.ioj.s,?.
of ^acob his chofen , may remember his marvellous
works in ths begit^ning and progrefi of the planting of
a New»

To the Chriftian Reader.

New-England, his wonders, andthe judgements of his
Pfjl.?o.s, ?. mouth : Hcrv that God brought a vine into this Wilder-
nefs? ^/&.jf he caft out the Heathen and planted it; that
he made room for it, and caufed it to take deep root,
and it filled the Land -, fo that it hath fent forth its
boughs to the Sea, and its branches to the River. And
net onely fo, bin alfo that He hath guided his people, by
Excd.1j.13. his ftrength to his holy Habitation, and planted them in
the Mountain of his Inheritance , in refpecl of precious
Gofpel'Er>\oy ments. So thutrve may not .onely look back to
.Pfal. 66, 6' former Experiences of Cods goodnefs to eur Predeceffors,
i^houghmany ye&rs before) and frhave our faith ftrength-
mdin the Mercies of God for our times ; that fo the Church
^«»^ owe Numerical Body, might not onely even fer the
Hofea II 4. tififc he fpake with us /» our Forefathers, by many gracious
manifeftationscf his glorious Attributes, Wifdomc, Good
nefs, andXmth, improved for thdr good: but alfo rejoyce
in prefent Enjoyments ef both omvard and fpirituall mer
cies, as fruits of their Prayers , Tears , Travels and La-
bours . That as efpecially God m Ay have the glory of all, unto
whom it is mofi due t, foMfofome rayes of glory may reach the
Names of thofe bleffed Saints that tvere the main Infiru'
ments of the beginmng of this happy Enterprlzc.
So then, gentle Reader, thou mayeft take notice, thit
the main Ends of piiblifJung this fmall Hiftory, is. That
God may have his due praife. His Servants the Inftru
ments have their Names embalmed, and the prefent
and future Ages may have the fruit and benefit of Gods
great work ,. in the Relation of the firft Planting of
New EngUtid. Which Ends, if attained, willbe great caufe
cf rejoycing to the PublifJar thereof, jf God gives himlife.

To thc Chriftian Reader.

life , and oppertunity to take notice thereof.
The Method / have obferved, is (as I could) in fome
meafure anfrverable to ihe ends forenamed, in inferting fome
Acknovpledgements of Gods Goodnefs, Faithfulnefs, and
Truth upon fpecial occafions, with alhfion to the Scriptures^
and alfi taking notice ef fome fpecial Inflrumtnts, and fuch
main and fpecial Particulars as were perfpictioufly remark^
able, in way of Commendation in them, fo farre as my in-
telligence would reach ; and efpecially in a faithful Com".
memorising, and declaration ef Gods wonderful works for,
by ,andto his people, in preparing a place for them, by dri-
n/ingout the Heathen before them; bringing them through a
a Sea of Troubles ; preferving and proteSiing them from^
and in thofe dangers that attended them in their low e flate,
-when they tvere firangers in the Land \ and making this
howlingWildernefs a Chamber ef refi, fafety, and pleajant^
nefs, whiles the ftorms of his Difpleafme have not onely tof
fed, but endangered the overwhelming of great States and
Kingdomes, and hath now made it to us a fruitful Land,
f owed it with the feed of man andbeaft-^ but efpecially in
giving us folonga peace, together with the Gofpel ef peace,
and jo great a freedome in our Civil and Religious Enjcy^
ments ; and alfo in giving us hopes that we may be Inftru
ments in his hands, not cnely of enlarging of our Princes
Dominions, but to enlarge the Kingdome of the Lord ^efus,
in the Converfion of the poor blinde Natives.
And now, CowxtzovtS Reader, thatl may not hold thee
too long in the Perch, i onely crave ef ibeeto reade this fet-
lowingDifcourfe with a Jingle eye, and with the fame ends
as I had in penning it. Let not the fmallnefs ef our Be
ginnings, nor weaknefs ofla^mmQtiKS^maki the thing

To the Chriftian Reader.

feem little, or the work defpicable ', but on the contrary, let
the greater praife be rendred unto God, who hath effeHed
great things by fmall means. Let not the harfhnefs of my
fiyle, prejudice thy ta^eer appetite to the dtfh l prefent thee
with : Accept it as freely as I give it thee. Carp not at
Vfhatthoudsfl not approve, but ufe it as a Remembrance of
the Lords goodnefs, to engage to true Thankfulnefs and Obe
dience 't fo may it be a help to thee ia thy journey through
ihewildernefs of this world, to that Eternal Refi which is
finely to be found in the Heavenly Canaan : which is the
mnefl defre ef

Thy Chriftian Friend,

U^athaniel o^orton.

NElV'

MEMORIAL^ OR,
A brief Relation of the moft Remarkable Paflages of
the Providence of God manifefted to the Planters of
Nero-England in AMERIC A.
And firft , of thc beginning ofthe firft Plantation in iV,£.
CALLED
N E W-P L I M O U T H.

I

'T is the ufuall^nanner of the Difpenfation of the Maje
fty of Heaven, to work wonderfully by weak means
for the effcduating of great things, to the intent that he
may have the more Glory to himfelf : Many inftances
___^ hereof might be produced, both out of the Sacred Scri
ptures, and common Experience ; and amongft many others of
this kinde, the lace Happy and Memorable Enterprize of che
Plandng of that part of America called Nevo-England , de-
ferveth to be Commemorized to future Pofterity.

IN the Year 1602. divers godly Chriftiansof our Englifli
Nation in the North of England, being ftudious of Refor
mation, and therefore not onely wicnefling againft Humane
Inventions, and Addiuons jn the Worfliip of God, but minding
moft the pofitive and praftical part of Divine Inftitutions, they
entred into Covenant, To walk with God, and one with an
other, in the enjoyment of the Ordinances of God, according
B to

Ncw- Englands Memoriall.
to the Primitive Paternin theWordof God. But finding by
expciieace they could not peaceably enjoy their own liberty in
their Native Country, without offence to others that were dif
ferently minded -^ they took up thoughts of removing them
felves and" their Families into the Netherlands, which accord
ingly they ertdeayoured to accornplifli , but met wich great
hinderance: yet after /bme time, the good hand of God re-
niovinffobftruftions, they obtained their defires^ arriving in
HolUrn, they fetied themfelves in the City of Leyden, in the
year 1610, and there they continued divers years in acom-
forcable condition, enjoying much fweet fociety andfpiricual
comfort in the w.-iyes of God, living peaceably among them
felves, and being courteoufly entertained, and lovingly re-
fpeded by the Dutch, amongft whom they were ftrangers, ha
ving for their Paftor lAs.fohnRohinfon, a man of a learned,
polifhed, and modeft fpiric, prious and ftudious of the Truth,
largely accompliflied with fucable Gifts and QnaUficacions- to
be a Shepherd over this Flock of Chrift -, having alfo a fellow-
helper with him in the Elderfliip, Mr. ivilliam Brervfier, a man
of approved Piety, Gravity^ and Integrity, .very eminencly fur
niflied wich gifts futable to fuch an Office.
But notwichftanding their amiable and comfortable carrying
on, (as hath been faid) although the Church of Chrift on
Earchin holy Wric, is fometimes called Heaven-^ yet chere is
alwayes in cheir moft perfed ftace hei'e in this lower world,
very much wanting as to ahfolnce and perfcft liappinels, which
is onely referved for theume andplace of thefdl enjayraeac
of Celeftial Glory : for, although tlris Church w.ts arpeace
and in reft ac this cime, yee chey cook up choughcs of removing
themfelves into America with contmon confcnc •, the Propofi-
tion of removing thither being fee oa foot, and profecoted by
the Elders upon juft and weighty grounds.: for, akhmigb they
did quietly and fweedy enjoy then Church liberties under the
States, yet they foref.n« tijac HoUand would, be no place for
their Chuirch and PofljerJty to continue in comfortably, at
leaft in. that mrafure that they hoped to i^nde abroad; and
that

New-Englands Memoriall.

that for thefe Reafons following, which I fliall recite as received
from themfelves.
Firft, Becaufe themfelves were of a different Language from
the Dutch, where they lived, and were fetied in their way, in-
fomuch chat in ten years time, whiles their Church fojourned
amongft them, they could not bring them to reform the negled
of Obfervation of the Lords-day as a Sabbath, or any other
thing amifs amongft them.
Secondly, Becaufe their Countrymen, who came over to
Joyn wich them, by reafon of the hardnefs of the Country,
foon fpent their Eftates, and were then forced either to return
back to England, or to live very meanly.
, ^ Thirdly, That many of their Cliildren, through the extreme
neceflity that was upon them, although of the beft difpofitions,
and gracioufly inclined, and willing to bear part of their Pa
rents burthens, were oftentimes fo oppreffed with their heavy
labours, that although their Spirits were free and willing, yee
their Bodies bowed under the weight of the fame, and became
decrepid in their early youth, and the vigour of Nature con-
fumed in the very bud. And that which was very lamentable,and
of all forrows moft heavy to be born, was, that many by thefe
occafions, and the great licentioufnefs of Youth in that Coun
try, and the manifold temptations of the place, were drawn
away by evil examples into extravagant and dangerous courfes,
getting the reins on their necks, and departing from their Pa
rents : Some became Souldiers, others took upon "them farre
Voyages by Sea,and other-fome worfe courfes tending to diffo-
lutenefs, and the deftrudion of their Souls, to the great grief of
their Parents, and the difhonour of God . and that the place
being a place of great licentioufnefs and liberty to Children,
they could not educate them, nor could they give them due
corredion without reproof or reproach from their Neigh
bours. Fourthly, That their Pofterity Would rn few generations be
come 27»/fl;,and fo lofe their intereft in the Enghjh Nation; they
being defirous rather to enlarge His Majefties Dominions,
B i and

Ncw-'Englands Memoriall.

and to live under their Naturall PRINCE.
this bath ken Fifthly and laft!y,and which was not the leaft,a great hope and
gracioufly a-n. inward Zeal they had of laying fome good Foundation, or ac
mZl-7hi' '*^^^ ^° make fome way thereunto, for the propagating and ad-
beartfof mr,;y vancetijent of the Gofpel of the Kingdome of Chrift in thofe
ef hh serv.'uits remote ^nns of the World, yea although they (hould be but
to be -jcry 'tn- as ftepping-ftones unto others for the performance of fo great
flmcntal tn ,TY/ork.
this worft, WHO
ccfs,& hopes ef Thefe and fuch like were the true Reafons of their removal,
a further tlcf- and not as fome of their Adverfaries did upon the rumour
fiig in ih,tt re- thereof, caft out Ilanders againft them -, as if the State was
jpefi. weary of them, and had rather driven them out, (as Heathen
Hiftories haye feigned of yI/o/?y and the Ifraelites, when they
went out of Egypt) then that it was their own free choice and
motion. I wil! therefore mention a particular or two, to evince the
contrary. And firft. Although fome of them were low in their Eftates,
yet the Dutch obferving that they were diligent, faithful and
careful of their engagements, had great refped to them, and
ftrove for their cuftome.
Again , fecondiy , the Magiftrates of the Cicy of LeydfK
where they lived, about the time of their coming away, in the
publick place of Juftice gave this commendable Teftimony of
them,in reproof of che ft^alloons who were of theFr^w^ Church
in the City-, Thefe Englljh (Mi ihey) have Uved now among/} us
Ten years, and yet we never had any Suit or Accufation againft
them, or any of them ; hut your Strifes and Quarrels are con
tinuall. The Reafons of their Removal above-named being debated
firft in private, and thought weighty, were afterwards pro
pounded in publick •, and after folemn dayes of Humiliacion
obferved boch in publick and in privace, ic was agreed. That
part of the Church fliould go before their Brethren into Ante-
ytca, to prepare for the reft: and if in cafe the raajor part of
the

Nevv- Englands Memoriall.

the Church did chufe to go over wich the fir ft, then the Paftor
to go along wich them -, but if the major pare ftayed, that he
was then to ftay wich them.
They haying imployed fundry Agents to treat wich fevera!
Merchants in England, who adventured fome confiderable
Sums in a way of valuation to fuch as went perfonally on in
the Voyage- the Articles of Agreement about the premifes
being fully concluded with the faid Merchants, and fundry Dif
ficulties and Obftruftions removed, having alfo obcained Let
ters Patents for the Northern pares of Firginia, of King fames
of Famous Meraory -, All chings were got ready and provided,
a fmall Ship was bought and ficced one in Holland, of aboue fixcy
Tun, called The Speedwell, as to ferve to tranfpore fome of
them over, fo alfo eo ftay in the Country, and attend upon
Fifliing, and fuch other affifirsas mighebefor che good and
benefit of the Colony when ehey came ehieher. Anocher
Ship was hired ac London, of Burehen about Ninefcore, called
The May-flower, and all ocher chings goe in a readinefs : fo
being prepared co depart, chey had a folemn day of Humilia
tion, the Paftor teaching a parcot the day very profitably and ^^^ Text tf
futably to the prefent occafion, the reft of the time was fpenc scripture- was
in pouring out of Prayers unco che Lord wich great fervency, Eziag-n-
mixed wich abundance of cears -, and the cime being come chat
ehey muft depare, they were accompanied wich moft of their
Brethren one of che City, uneo a Town called Delfs Haven,
where che Ship lay ready co receive chem : fo they left that
goodly and pleafane Cicy, which had been their refting place
above eleven years •, but chey knew chat they were Pilgrims
and Strangers here below, and looked noe much on chefe chings, u u
bue lifeed up eheir eyes eo Heaven, their deareft Country, where ^ '^' "*'
God hath prepared for them a City, and therein quieted their
^iries. When chey came to the place, thfcy found the Ship and all
things ready -, and fuch of their Friends as could not come
with them, followed after them, and fundry came from Am-
fierdam to fee them fliipt, and to take their leaves of them.
B 3 One

New- Englands Memoriall.

One nigiie was fpent with little flcep with the moft, but wich
friendly enrertainmenc , and Chriftian difcourfe , and ocher
reall expreflions of true Chriftian love. The next day the
wind being fair they went on Board, and their friends wich
them, where iruely-doleful was the fight of that fad and
mournful parting, to hear what fighs and fobs and prayers
did found amongft them -, what tears didgufli from every eye,
and pithy fpeeches pierced each others heart, that fundry of
the ZJa-^c^ ftrangers that flood on the Key as fpedators, could
not refrain from tears : yet comfortable and fweet it was, to
fee fuch lively and true expreffioris of dear and unfeigned love.
But the Tide (which ftayes for no man) calling them away,
that were thus loth to depart, their Reverend Paftor falling
down on his knees, and they all with him, with watery cheeks
commended them with moft fervent Prayers unto the Lord and
his blefling; and then wich mutual imbraces, and many tears,
they took their leaves one of another, which proved to be the
iaft leave'to many of them. Thus hoyfing Sail wich a profpe-
rous gale of wind, they came in fhort time to Southampton,
, where they found the bigger Ship come from Zfl»^i?«, being
t^^mdT ^^ "l ^^^^ ^^^ ^^ *''^'*" Company, meeting each ocher
July 1610. ^vith ^ joyful welcome and mucual congratulacion.
Ac their pardng, their Paftor Mr. fohn RobinfoK wrote a
Letter to the whole Company, which I thought meet here to
inferc, being fo fruitfull in it felf, and fucable to their occa
fions. Loving Chriftian Friends,
I Do heartily, and in the Lord falute you, as betngxhofe with
^^hom 1 am prefent in~my heft afeSlions, and moft enrnefi long
ings after you, though I ie confirained for a Vshile to be bodily
abfem from, you : I fay, Confirained ; God kflowing how "Willing
ly, and much rather then otherwife, I Cotild have born my part
Vfithyoff in this firfl brant, were I not by ftrong necejpty held back,
for the prefent. Make accnuat of me i» the mean time as a man
dividtdin my felf, Viitb .great paifi, (and as^ Natural bmds fet
aftde)

New-Englands Memoriall.

afide) having my better part with you : And although I doubt not
bnt in your godly mf dames you both forefee and refolve Hpon that
which concerneth your prefent flate and condition, both fever ally
and joyntly -, yet have I thought it but my duty to adde fome further
fpur of provocation unto them who run already.,^ if not becaufe you
need it, yet becaufe J orreit in love and duty. And firft, as we
are daily to renew eur Repentance with our God, eftiecially for our
fins known, and generally far our unknown tre/pajfes : fo doth the
Lord call Hiin a fingfilar manner, upon occafions of fuch difficulty
And danger as lieth upon you, to a both narrow fear ch, and careful
reformation of your wayes in his fight, left he calHng to remembrance
our fins forgotten by m, or unrepented of, taks advantage againft
us, andin judgement leave us to be fwallowed up in tne danger or
other : whereas on the contrary, fin being taken away by earntft
Repentance, andthe pardon thereof from the Lord fealed up to a
mans Confcience by his Spirit, great fliall be his fecurity and peace
in all dangers, fweet his comforts in all diftieffes, with happy de
liverance from all evil, whether in Ufe or death. Now ne.vt after
this heavenly peace with God and our own Confcicnces, we are care
fully ta provide for peace With all men, what in tis lyeth, efpecially
with our Affociatcs ; and for that, Watchfulnefs mufi behad that
•we neither at all in our felves db give, no nor eafily take offence be
ing given by others. Woe be to the world for offences, for al
though it be neceffary, confidering the malice of Satan and mans
corruption, chac offences come, yet woe unco che man, or woman
either, by whom che offence comeeh, /^/V^ C^;-//?, Macch.iS.j.
and if offences in the unfeafonable ufe of things in themfelves in
different, be more to be feared then, death it felf, as the Apoftle
teacheth, i Cor. 9. 1 5. how much more in things fimply evil, in
which neither honour of God nor love of man is thought worthy tu
he regarded ? . Neither yet is it fufficient that we keep our felves
by the grace ef God from giving of offence, except withall We be
armed againft the taking of them when they are given by ottsers :
fcr how iwp:rf(El and lanie is the Work, of Grace in that perfon,
who wants Charity to cover a multitude of offences ? 'as the
Scripture flieakf. Neither are yoie to be exherted to this grace, oftely

8 New-Englands Memoriall.
onely upon the common grounds of Chriftianity, which are, that
perfons ready to take offence, either want Charity to cover offences,
or tvifdome duel) to Weigh humane frailties ; or laftiy, are grofs
though cUfe Hypocrites, as Chrift our Lord teacheth, Mat.7. 1,2,3.
as indeed, in my own experience few er none have been found ^'hicb
fooner give offence, then fuch as eafily take it ; neither have they
ever proved found and profitable Members in Societies, tvhohave
»«/ny^f^ //;;¦/ touchy humour. But be fides thefe, there are divrrs
Motives provoking you above others to great care and confcience
this way -, as firft, there are many of you ftrangers as to the per'
fons, ft to the infirmities one of another, and fo ft and in need of
more Watchfulnefs this way, left when fuch things fall out in men
and women as you expeBed not, you be iyiordinatelj affeUed with
them, which doth require at your hands much tvifdome and Cha
rity for the covering~and preventing of incident offences that Way.
Andlaflly,syoKr intended courfe ef Civil Community, will minifter
continuall occafion of offence, and will be as fewel for that fire,
except you diligently quench it with brotherly forbearance: and
if taking if offence caufiefly or eafily at mens doings, be fo care
fully tobe avoided; how much more heed is to be tak^fi that We take
mt offence at God himfelf?, which yet we certainly do, fooftas wc
do murmure at his Providence in our croffes, or bear impatiently
fuch affliBions as wherewith he is pleafed.to vifit tts. Store up
therefore Patience againft th; evil day ; Without which, we take
offence at the Lord himfelf in his holy and juft works. A fourth
thing there is carefully to be provided for •, viz. That with your
common Imployments, you joyn conmon AffeBions truely bent upon
the generall Good, avoiding as a deadly Plague of your both Com
mon and Special Comforts, all rettrednefs of minde for proper ad
vantage ; and all fingularly aff eBed every manner of way, let every
man reprefs in himfelf, and the whole Body in each perfon, as fo
many Rebels againft the Common Good, all private refpefts of
mens felv.es, -not fortingwtth the general Convenience. And as
men are careful not to have a new Houfe fljaken with any violence,
before it be well fetied, and the parts firmly k^it t fobe you, I
befeeeh yon Brethren, much more carefull that the Houfe of God
(which

New-Englands Memoriall.

(y^hicb you are, and are to be) be not ibaken with unneceffary No'
z/elties, or other Oppofi tions at the firft fetling thereof.
Laflly, tvhereas yon are to become a Body Politick^, tfflng-O'
mongft your felves Civil Government, and are not -furniflied with
perfons of fl>ecial Eminency above the refi, to be chofen by you into
Offlce of Government ; Let your wifdome and godlinefs appear not
onely in choofing fuch perfons as do intirely love, and will promote
the Common Good j but alfo in yielding unto them all due Honour
md obedience in their lawful Adminiftrations, not beholding in
them the ordinarinefs of their perfons, but Gods Ordinance for-your
good-: not being like the fooliflj multitude. Who more honour the gay
Coat, then either the virtuom minde of the man, or the glorious
Ordinance of the Lord: But you k»ow better things, and that thc
Image of the Lords Power and Authority which the Magiftrate
beareth is honourable, in how mean perfons foever ; and this duty
you may the more Willingly, and ought tlie more confcionably to per'
form,, becaufe you are \at leafi for the prefent) to have them for
your ordinary Governours, Which your felves Pi all make choice of
for that Work.
Sundry other things of Importance I could put you in minde of,
and of thofe before-mentioned in mere Words; but I will not fo far
Wrong your godly mindes, as to thinks you heedlefs of thefe things,
there being alfo divers amongft you fo well able both to admoni^
themfelves and others of what concerneth them. Thefe few things
therefore, andthe fame in few Words, I do earneftly commend unto
your Care and Confcience, joyning therewith my daily andinceffant
Prayers unto the Lord, That He who hath made -the Heavens, and r/pon the «-
the Earth, and Sea, and all Rivers of Waters, and whofe Provi- eeipt of this let-
dence is over all his PVorks, efl>ecially over all his dear Children for t'hthe company
good, would fo guide and guard jouin your Wayes, as tnwardlybj Z%cr:aid''ii
hit Spirit, fo outwardly by the hand of his power, as that both you, waspuhlickh
and we alfo for and with you, may have after-matter of praifing his read amnfff
Name all the dayes of your and our lives. Fare you well in Htm in thei>i,wbich had
Tvhem jou truft, and in whom I reft^ S."".^, i'ctmif-
J. f J „ ... , . . with -Ml, and
M nn;eigiK4 will-wiUer of your happy fuccefs tn this hopsfug Foyage, after fmt with
JOHN ROB IN SOU, tnany,
C Of

10 New-Englands JJ/^wm/j//. Anno 1620.
of the Troubles that befell the firft Planters upon theCoafi
of England, ana in their Vo-ynge in coming over into
New England , and their arrival at Cape Cod,
aliiis Cape James.
ALl chings being got ready, and every bufinefs difpatched,
they ordered and dilhibuted cheir Company for cichcr
Ship, (as they conceived for che beft) and chofc a Governour,
and two or three Afllftants for each Ship, co order the people
hy che way,, and cofeecoche difpoling of che Provifion, and
fiich like affaii'S •, .ill which was noe only v/ich che likirg of che
Maftersof che Ships,' hue accordirg co their defires : which
being done, they fee Sail from Soi'thumptcn che £fch of Axguft,
1620. Bue alas, the beft Enterprizes m;;ee ofccncimes wich
many difcouragcmencs , for chey had roc failed farre, before
Mr. Reyr.olds', che Mafter of che leffer Ship, complained chac he
found his Ship fo leak, as he durft noe put further eo Sea :
on which ehey were forced eo put in ae Dartmouth, 'Mr.fenes
thc Mafter of che biggeft Ship likewife puccing in chere wich
him-, and che faid Icfltr Ship w.is fearched, and mended, and
judged fufficient for che Voyage by che Workmen chac mended
her : On which, both che faid Ships pue co Sea che fecond cime,
bue they had noe failed f.bove an hundred Leagues,"ere the
faid Reynolds again complained of his Ship being fo leak, as
thac he feared he fliould founder in che Sea, if he held on ; and
then both Ships bore up again, and went in ae Plimouth .- but
being chere fearched again, no greac maccer appeared, bue ic
was judged eo be che general weaknefs of che Ship. Bue che
true reafon of che retarding and delaying of macters was not
as yee difcerned : the one of chem refptfting the Ship, (as after
wards was found) was, chac fhe was over-Maftcd, which when
flie" came co her crim m thac refpeft, flie did well, and made
divers proficable and fuccefsful Voyages. Bue fecondiy, and
more efpecially, by the deceit of che Mafter aod bis Company,

wlio

An.i62o. New-Englands i^fW(?r/>//. ii
who were hired to ftay a whole year in the Country ; but now
fancying diflike, and fearing want of Viftuals, they plotted this
ftratagem to free themfelves, as afterwards was known, and
by fome of them confeffed j for they apprehended thac the
greater Ship being of force, and in whom moft of the Provi
fions were beftowed, that flie would retain enough for Iver felf,
whacfoever became of them and the Paffengers : ,Buc fo ftrong
wasfelf-love and deceit in this man, as he forgot allducy and
former kindnefs, and deale thus falfly wieh them. Thefe thitigs
thus falling om, ie was refolved by the whole to difmifs the
lefTer Siiip, artd part of the Company with her, and that the
other part of the Company fliould proceed in the bigger Ship-:
which when they had ordered matters in reference thereunto.
they made another fad parting, the one Ship, (viz.) theleflbir
goingliack for Z5»</o», and the other (z//«.) The May-flower,
'Mr. fones being Mafter, ptoceeding on in the intended Voy
age. -
Thefe troubles being blown over,- and now all being corn-
pad togetlier in one Ship, they put to Sea again with a profpe-
rouswind : but after they had en joyed fair winds for afeafon,
they met with many contrary winds and fierce ftorms, with
which their Ship was fhrewdly fliaken, and her upper works
made very leaky, and one of the main Beams of the Mid-fhips
was bowed and cracked, which put them to fome -fear that fhe
would not be able to perform the Voyage •, on which the princi
pal of che Seamen and Paflengers had ferious confultation what
to do, whether to return or hold on: butche Ship proving
ftrOng under Wacer, by a Screw the faid Beam was broughc ineo
his place again -, which being done< and well fecured by the jf. ^.^^ ^^^
Carpenter, they refolved to hold their Voyage, and (osftey^ pocallid'-atths
many boifterous ftorms in which they could bear nofiiil, but fi,jlby Capt^iit
were forced' to lye at Hull many daye? together ; after long GobioWand
beating at Sea, they fell in with the land ailed* Cape Cod: the''.*' Cm^y,
^' r Anno isot,
oeeaufe they took, much tf that Pifh thire } and afterward Called Cipc James by Captain »ni\h.
^ tbe.Toiiitof theC.ipeis'ciLll:'d Point Car", and luCKcrs Tciiour} aniiby the V( inch And:
^§eh MaiUcar, by miofi of thspmllmis Sbotest
Q .Z ^ which

12 New Englands Memoriall. An. 1620.
which being made, and certainly known to be it, they were not a
little joyful. After fome licde deliberacion had amongft them
felves wich the Mafter of the Ship, they tacked about to ftand
to the Souchward, to finde fome place about Hudfons River^
(according to thdr firft intentions) for their Habitations : But
they had not failed that Courfe above half a day, but they fell
amongft perillousSholes and Breakers, and they were fo farre
intangjed therewith, as they conceived themfelves in great dan
ger .; and the wind (hrinking upon them v/ithall, they refolved
to bear up again for the Cape aforefaid ; the next day, by Gods
Providence, they got into the Cape harbour. Thus they ar
rived ac Of f Co^/, alias Cape fames, in Novernber idio. and
being brought fafe to lund, they fell upon their knees and blef
fed che God of Heaven, who had broughc chem over che vaft
and furious Ocean, and delivered them from many perils and
miferies. Neverchelefs, it is co be obferved, that their putting into
this place was partly by reafon of a ftorm, by which ehey were
forced in, but more efpecially by the fraudulency and contri-
, vance of the aforefaid Mr. fones, the Mafter of che Ship : for,
tl'inthcDitch ^^"1" Intenuon, as is before-noced, and his Engagement, was
andMf. Im?* ^^ Hudfons River; buc fome of che Dutch having nocice of
Jt have hud late their intentions, and having choughcs aboue che fametime of
and certain In- ereding a Plantacion there likewife, they fraudulently hired the
tcllige^cc. faid fo„is by delayes while they were in England, and now un
der pretence of the danger of' the Sholes, &c. to difappoinr
them in their going thieher ; ButGodoue-fhoocs Saean ofeen-
times in his own Bow , for had chey gone co Hudfons River as
before exprcffed, .ichad proved very d.ingerous to them: for
although ic is a place farre more commodious, and che Soil
more fet eile, yee then abounding with a miilcieude of per nicious"
Salvngev, whereby che.y would have been in greac peril of cheir
lives, and fo che work of tranfplanung the Gofpel into thefe
parts, much endangered to have been hindred and retarded s
but God fo difpofed, chac che place where they afterward fecled
was much depopulated lnj a great Mortality amongft the Na
tives.

An.idjo. New-Englands Memoridll. ^3
tives, which fell oue aboue two years before their arrival,
whereby he made way for the carrying on of liis good purpofe
in promulgating of his Gofpel as afo'refaid.
But before we pafs on, let the Reader wich me make a paufe,
and ferioufly confider chis poor peoples prefent condicion, the
more to be raifed up co admiration of Gods goodnefs cowards
them in their prefervation : for being now paffcd the vaft
Ocean, and a fea of Troubles before in their Preparation, they
had now no Friends to welcome them, no Inns to entertain or
refrefli them, no Houfes, or much lefs Towns to repair unto
to feek for fuccour : the Barbarixns that Paul the Apoftle fell
amongft in his Shipwrack ac the Ifle Mclita, fhewed him no fmall ^^^j ^g,
kindnefs ; but thefe Salvage Barbarians when they met wich
them (as after will appear) were readier co fill cheir fides full of
Arrows, then otherwife: and for the feafon, it was Winter,
and they that know the Winters of the Country, know them
to be fliarp and violent, fubjed to cruel and fierce Storms, dan
gerous to travel to known places, much more to fearch un
known Coafts. Bcfides, what could they fee bue a hideous and
defolaceWildernefs, fullof wilde Beaftsand wilde Men? and
what muleicudes of them chere were, ehey chen knew noe : nei
ther could they as ic were go up to the Top of Pifgah, to view
from this Wildernefs a more goodly Country to feed theic
hopes ; for which way foever they turned their eyes (fiiye up
ward to Heaven; theycould have little folace or concencinre-
fped of any outward objed , for Summer being ended , all
things ftand in appearance wilh a weather-beaten face, andthe
whole Country full of Woods and Thickets , reprefeneed a
wilde and falvage-hew ; if they looked behinde them, there was
the mighty Ocean which they had pafTed, and was now as a
main Bar and Gulph tofeparare them from all the Ovil Parts of
the World. The Mafter of the Ship and his Company prcflling
with fpeed to look out aplace for their Settlement at fome near
diftance, for the feafon was fuch as he would not ftir from
thence, untill a fafe Harbour was difcovered by them wich their
Boaci yea, it was fometimes threatned,. that if they wouid not
C 3 get

l/^ New-Englands Memoriatl. An. 1620.

gee a place in cime, that ehey and cheir goods fliould be turned
on (hore, and that- che Ship would leave chem-, the Mafter ex-
prefling himfelf, thac Prorifions fpenc apace, and that he would
keep fulEcient for himfelf and his Company for their recurn.
It is true indeed, chat the love and affedions of their Brethren
they left behinde them in Holland, was cordial and intire to
wards them, but they had little power to help them or them
felves : what could now fuftain them buc che Spitic of God and
his grace? Ought not,and may not die Children of thefe Fathers
FM.107.1r-, rightly fay. Our Fathers Were Englifh-pien , which came over
-i!;^8. this great Ocean, and were ready to perifb in this tP'ildernefs ; but
they cried unto the Lord, and he heard their voice, and looked oa
their adverfity : Let them therefore praife the Lord, becaufe he is
good, andhis mercy endureth forever; yea, let themWho have been
the redeemed of the Lord fliew how he hath delivered them from the
hand of the oppreffdr, when thej wandred in the defert tyilderneft
out of the n>ay, and found no City to dwell in; both hungry and
thirfiy, their foul was overwhelmed in them • Let them therefore
confefs before the Lord his loving ki»dnefs, and his wonderful Workj
before the children of men ?

of the firfl Planters their Combination by entring into a Body
Politick together ; With, their proceedings in difcevery
of a place for their Settlement and Habitation.
BEing thus fraudulently dealt with (as you have heard) and
brought fo farre to the Northward, the feafon being fliarp,
and ho hopes of obtaining their intended Port >, and thereby
their Pa ent being made void <ind ufelefs as to another place :
Being ac C^-js^ Cod upon che Elevench o? November 1620. it
was choughe meec for their more orderly carrying on of their
Affairs, and accordingly by mu-ual confehc they cncred inco^a
folemn Combinacion as a Body Policick, To fubmit toiuch Go-
verrnmenc and Govei-nours, Laws and Ordinances, as fliould by

An.i620. New-Englands Memoriall. IJ

by a general Confent from dme to time be made choice of, and
aflented unto. The Contents whereof followeth.'
IN the Name of God, Amen. We whofe Names '^^^^^f/JH^
are under-written, the Loyal Subjeds of our dread ef the Govern-
Soveraign Lord King ^ames, by the grace of- God of ment of New-
Great Britain, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the P''™<^"'"-
Faith, &c. Having unciertaken for thc glory of God,
and advancement of the Chriftian Faith, and the Ho-
notirof our King and Countrey, a Voyage to plant the
firft Colony in the Northern ^z.x\s,oi Fnginia; Do by
ihcfc Prefcnrs fo!eranly and mutually, in the prefence of
God and one another. Covenant nnd Combine our
felves together into a Civil Body Politick, for our better
ordering and prefervvirion, and furtherance of the ends
aforefaid : and by virtue hereof do cnactj conftitute and
frame fuch juft and equal Laws, Ordinances, Ads, Con^
ftitutions and Officers, from time' to lime, as fliall bs
thought moft meet and convenient for the general good
of the Colony 7*unto which we promife all due fubmif-
fion and obedience. In witneis whereof We have here*^
unto fubfcribed our Names at Cape Cod, the eleventh of
November, in the Reign of our Soveraign Lord King
fames, oi England, /"r-^w^ ' and /rr/W the eighteenth,
andof .Sfo/Z^Wthe fifty fourth. Anno Dom. 1620.
fohn Carver. Samuel Fuller. Edward Tilly.
f^ilUam Bradford. Chriflopher Martin, fohn Tilly.
Edward tvinflow. William MMns. Francis Cook.
PVilUam Brewfter. pyiliiam li^hlte. Thomas Rogers,
Ifaac AUerton. Richard tVafren, Thomas Tinker..
Mil s Standifh, fohn Howland. fohn Ridgdah.
fohn Alden, Steven Hopkins, Edward Fuller., foht

l6 New-EflgJands Memoriall. An.1620.
fohnTurner. Digery Pr'ieft. Richard Clarke
Francis Eaton. Thomas py'iUiams. Richard Gardiner.
fames Chilton. Gilbert tvinflow. fohn Allerton.
fohn Craxton: Edmond Margefon, Thomas Englifli.
fohn Billington. Peter Brown. Edward Doten.
Jofes Fletcher. Richard Bitttridge. Edward Liefer.
fohn Goodman. George Soule.
Mr. Tohn Car- Aft^r jt^js^ they chofe Mr. fohn Carver, a man godly and
"Jfrmr ofTb'c well-approved amongft them, to be their Governour for thac
J^nfdiction of y^^^' , ^ „ , .
New Plimouth Neceflity now calling them to look out a placefor Habita
tion, as well as the Mafter and Mariners importunity urging^
them thereunto ; while their Carpenter was trimming up of
their Boat, fixeeenof their men tendred themfelves to goby
land and difcover chofe neareft places •, which was accepted :
and chey being well armed, were fenc forch on che fixceench of
November 1620. and having marched abouc a mile by che Sea-
fide, chey efpied five Indians, who ran away from chem, and
they followed chem all chac day fundry miles, buc could not
come CO fpeech wich chem : fo night coming on, ehey betook
themfelves to their Rendczvouz, and fee oue eheir Sencmels, and
refted in quiee chac nighe ; and che nexc morning chey followed
the Indians crads, bue could noe finde chem nor eheir dv/ellings,
bue ae lengch lighced on a good quanciey of clear ground near
to a Pond of frefh water, where formerly the Indians had plant
ed Indian Corn,at which place they faw fundry of their graves ;
and proceeding further, they found new Stubble where Indian
Corn had been planted the fame year •, alfo they found where
lately an houfe had been, where fome Planks and a greac Keccle
was remaining, and heaps of fand newly paddled wieh. cheir
hands, which they digged up, and found in them divers fair
Indian Baskets filled wich Corn, fome whereof was in Ears
fair and good of divers colours, which feemed co chem a very
goodly fighc, having feen none before : Of which Rarities they
looii fome to carry CO thy r friends on Shipboard, hke as the
Jfratlitss

An.t620. New-Englands Memoriall. *7
Ifraelites Spies broughc from Eflicoliome of the good frUics of
the Land: but finding liccle that might make for their encou
ragement as to fituation, they returned, being gladly received
by the reft of their Company.
After this, their Shallop being ready, they fet out the fecond
ti.Tiefora more ful! Difcovery of tins place, efpecially a place
that feemed to be an opening as they went into the faid Har
bour fome two or three Leagues off, which the Mafter judged
to be a River •, abouc thirty of them weht out on chis fecond
Difcovery, the Mafter of the Ship going with them : but upon
the more exad difcovery thereof, they found ic co be no Har
bour for Ships, buc onely for Boats. There they alfo found
two of their Houfes covered wich Macs, and fundry of their
Implements in chem ; but che people ran away, and could not
be feen ; Alfo there they found more of their Corn and Beams
of various colours ; the Corn and Beams they brought away, .y^^, ,^^,fj„
purppfing to give them full fatisfadion when they fhould meet ^c"^ f^y rave
with any -of them. And here is to be noted, a fpecial and a them fnU [atif-
grcat mercy to this people, that here they got them feed to faU'wito tht'ir
plant them Corn the nexc year, or ocherwife chey might have "'-""f-
ftarved, for they had none, nor any likelyhood eo gee any, un- ^ jpeddPTo-
till the feafon had been paft (as the fequel did manifeft) neither ^'^'«^^ «/ God
is ie likely chac they had had chis, if che firft Difcovery had not " "" ^ '
been made, for tne ground was now all covered wieh Snow,
and hard frozen •, buc the Lord is nevei; waneing unto thofe
that are his in their greateft needs. Lee his holy Name havc
all the praife.
Having thus difcovered this place, ic was controverted a
mongft them what to do, touching their abode and fetling
there. Some thought it beft for many Reafons to .ibide
there :
I . Becaufe of the Convem'ence of the Harbour for Boats,
though not for Ships.
2. There was good Corn-ground ready to their hands, as
was feen by experience in the goodly Corn it yielded, which
would again agree wich the ground, and be natural feed for the
fame,' D 3. Cape

1 8 'ticvf-Englands Memoriall. Anno 1620.
3. Cape Cod was like to be aplace for good Fifhing, for
they faw daily great Whales of the beft kinde for Oyl.
4. The place was likely to be healthful, fecure,anci defenfible.
5. and laftiy, The efpecial Reafon was, that now the heart
of Winter and unfeafonable weather was come upon them, fo
as they could not go upon Coafting and Difcovery, without
danger of lofing both men and Boat, upon which would follow
the overthrow of all, efpecially confidering what variable winds
and fudden ftorms do there arife^ alfo cold and wee lodging
had fo tainted their people, as fcarce any of themwere free
from vehement Coughs, as if they flibuld connnue long, i^
would indanger the lives of many,and breed difeafes & infedion
amongft chem. Again, chac as yee chey had fome Provifions.buc
they would quickly be fpent, and then chey fliould have nothing
to comfort chem in cheir labour and coyl that they were like to
undergo. At the firft it was alfo conceived, whiles they had
cohipecent Viduals chac the Ship would ftay , buc when that
grew low, they would be gone,'andlec chem fliifc for them
felves. Others again urged to go to Agawam, alias Angawam, a
place about twenty Leagues off to the Northward, which they
had heard to be an excellent Harbour for Ships,' better ground,
and beccer fifhing..
'Secondly, for any ching chey knew there might be hard by
Ahsut this time us a farre- better Seat, and it wOuldbe a great hinderance to
Mrs. Sufanna ^^^^ where they fliould remove again.'
livned 7/1 sill ^^^ ^^ ^^^^ "*^"y Reafons and Replies concerning this mat-
¦wiio was named tcr, it was in the end concluded to make fome difcovery within
Peregrine; he the Bay, butinno cafefofarreas yfM^.ijj'^w;.- Befides, Rohert
wastljt fl-rjidf Coppin their 'Pilot made relation of a great Navigable River,
'^'1-SVn" and good Harbour in the ocher Head-land of the Bay, almoft
E^andfl'/uiitr- '^'S^'^ ^^^"^ againft Cape Cod, being in a right line not much
vivtth.& isthe above eight Leagues diftant, in whicbhe had once been ^ and
Lieutenant of beyond that place they that. were to go on difcovery were en-
tht ^I'llitan joyfled no c to go.
MiSid ^^ Wi^"^ of November being fpent on thefe Affairs, and
i^wrionsisi*- having

An.i62o. New-Englands Memoriall, ip
having mjuch foul weather ; on the fixch of December they con
cluded to fend pue their Shallop again on a third t)ifcoyery.
The Names of thofe that went on chis Difcovery, were Mr.
fohn Carver, Mr. williajn Bradford, Mr. Edward win flow. Ca
ptain Miles Sttmdifh, Mr. fohn Howland, Mr. Richard Warren,
Mr, Steven Hopkins, Mr. Edward Tilly, Mr. fohn Tillj, Mr.
Clark_, Mr. Coppin, fohn Allerton, Thomas Englifli, Ed-
Ward Doten, wieh che Mafter Gunner ofthe Ship, and chree
ocher of che common Seamen ; thefe fet fail on Wednefday che
fixch of December, 1 620, incendingto Circulate the deep Bay
of Cape Cod, the weather being very cold, fo as the Spra of
the Sea lighdng On their Coats, they were as if they had been
glazed^ notwichftanding, that night they got down into the
bottora of the Bay, and as they drew near the fliore they faw
fome ten or twelve Indians, and landed abouc a League off
them, (but with fome difficulty, by reafon of the Sholes in
that place)- where they tarried that night. In the morning
they divided their Company to coaft along, fome on fliore, and
fome in the Boat, where they faw the Indians had been the day
before cucdng up of a Fifh like a Gramptu '; and fo chey ranged
up and down all chat day, buc found no people, nor any place
they liked as fit for their fecdemenc : and chac night they on
fliore met wieh cheir Boat ac a certain Creek, where they made fnh is thwght
them a Barricado of boughs and logs for their lodging that tobe aplace
night, and being weary betook chemfclves to their reft. The J^'^'^f^Na"''"^'
nex't morning about five of the clock (feeking guidance *nd
protedion from God by prayer) and refrefbing themfelves in
way of preparation to perfifi on in their intended Expedition,
fome of thera carried their Arms down co the Boat, .faaving
laid them up in their Coats frora the moiftureof the weather •
buc others faid they would not carry theirs untill they went
themfelves : Buc prefently all on a fudden, abouc the dawning
of the day, they heard a greac and ftrarige cry, and one of
their Company being on board, came haftily m, and cried, 7J;-
dians, Indians, and withall their Arrows came flying amongft
dicm ; on which, all their raen ran with fpeed to recover their
D z Arms

^ I ¦ ¦¦  — — — ^ — ¦
20 New-Englands Memoriall. An.1620.
Arms (as by Gods good Providence chey did.) In che mean
time, fome of thofe chac were ready difcharged cwo Muskets at
them, and cwo more ftood ready ac che enerance of their Ren-
dezvouz, buc were commanded noe eo ftioot, unrill they could
take full aim ae chem •, and che ocher cwo charged again wich
all fpeed, for chere were onelyfour that had Arms chere, and
defended the Barricado which was firft affaulted. The cry of
the Indians was dreadful, efpecially when they faw cheir men
run one of cheir Rendezvouz- cowards che Shallop eo recover
their Arms -, the Indians wheeling about upon them : but fome
running out with Coats of Mail, and Cuccl'e-axes in eheir hands,
ihey foon recovered their Arms, and difcharged amongft chem,
and foon ftayed their violence. Notwichftanding, chere was a
lufty man, and no lefs valianc, ftOod behinde & Tree wiehin half
a Muskee flioe, and lee fly his Arrows amongft chem : he was
feen to fliooc three Arrows, which were all avoided, and ftood
three flioe of a Musket, untilLonetaking full aim ac him, made
Tbis pUce on j^e Bark or Splinters of the Tree fly abouc his ears ; after
thn occafion ^^^ wWch he gave-an excraordinary fliriek, and away ehey wene all
flrllEQccmii. ^'^ them: and fo leaving fomceo keep che Shallop, chcyfol-
tcr. lowed chem aboue a quarcer of a mile, chac ehey mighc conceive
thac chey were noe afraid of chem, or any way difcouraged.
Thus it picafed God to vanquifli their Enemies, and to give
them deliverance, and by his fpecial Providence fo to difpofej
that not any one of them was either hure or hie, chough cheir
Arrows cam^ dofe by chem ; and fundry of cheir Goacs which
hungup in the Barricado were (hot through and chrough : for
which falvaeion and deliverance chey rendred folemn Thanks.-
givingimco the Lord.
From hence they departed, and coafted all along, but difcern
ed no place likely for Harbouf, and therefore hafted to the
place their Pilot Cas aforefaidj told them of, who affured thera
that chere was a good Harbour, and ehey might fetch ic before
night : of which chey were glad, for ic began co be foul wca-»
ther. After fome hours faihng it began- to Snow and Rain, and
abou£

An.i620. New-Enelands A/^OTom//. %i

abouc che middle of che Afternoon che wind increafed, and che
Sea became very rough, and ehey brake cheir Rudder, and it
was as much as ewa men could do co fteer the Boat wich a
coupleof Oars- bucchePiloc bid chem be of good chear, for
iie faw the Harbour : but the ftorm increafing, and night
drav/ing on, they bare what fail chey could co gee in while ehey
could fee : buc herewich chey brake cheir Mait in'chrce pieces,
and cheir Sail fell over-board in a very grown Sea, fo as chey
had like eo have been caft away ; yee by Gods mercy ehey re
covered chemfelves, and having che flood with chem, llruck inco
che Harbour. Buc when ie came co, chcPiloc was deceived in
the place, and faid, Lord be merciful to us, my eyes never faw this xhfi -was bt-
flace before : and he and the Mafters Mace would have run che twm the ploee
Boae aftiore in aCove full of Breakers before che wind, buc a <:''fi'^ theGm -
lufty Seaman which fleered bade chem chac rowed, If they were "<='*N°f^ *"*
men, about With her, e/fe tky Were aU c'afl away ; thc which they tht^'o^thof
did wich all fpeed : fohe bade thera be of good chear, and row piimoiuhfcrfr-
hard, for there wAs a fair Sound before ihem, and he doubted not baiir.
hut they fliould finde one place or other where they might- ride in
fafety. - And although ie was very dark, and i-ained fore, yet in
the end they goe under che lee of a fmall Ifland, and remained ttiis was after-
thereall night in fafety. Buc they knew not this to be an Ifland 'i-vrds called
untill che nexc morning, buc were divided in cheir mindes, fome Claris '^""^»
would keep che Boat, doubeing chey might be amongft' fhe In- ciar'k /foe M.i-
dians, ochers were fo wee and cold chey could noe endure, bvIc (lersMttt firft
goe on fliore, and wich much diffieulcy goe fire, and fo the (feppedtn (htn
whole were refreflied, and refted in fafecy chac night. The thmon.
nexc day rendring thanks to God for his great deliverance of
them, and his continued merciful good Providence towards
them, and finding this to be an Ifland, it being the laft day of
the week,-they refolved to keep the Sabbath there.
On the fecond day of the week following they founded the
Harbour, and found it fit for Shipping, and marched into the
Land, and found divers Corn fields, and little running Brooks,
aplace (as they fuppofed) fit for Situation, at leaft it was the
hd\ that they could finde, and the feafon and their prefent ne-
D 3 cefiliy

2 2 New Englands Memoriall. An.1620.
ceflity made them glad to accept of it. So chey recurned again
to their Ship with this News to the reft of their people, wliich
did much comfort thdr hearts.
On the fifecench of December they weighed Anchor, to go to
the place they had difcovered, and arrived the fixteenth day in
the Harbour they had formerly difcovered, and afterward took
better view of the place, and refolved where to pitch cheir
Dwellings ; and on the Five and twentieth day of December
began to ered the firft Houfe for common ufe, to receive them
and their goods : and after they had provided a .placefor their
goods and common -ftore (which was long in unlading for
want of Boats, and by reafon of foulnefe of the winter wea
ther, and ficknefs of divers) they began to build fome fmall
Cottages for Habicaeion, as Ume would admit-, and alfo con-
fulted of Laws and Orders boch for their Civil ^nd Military
Government, as the neceflity of their prefent condicion did re
quire. Buc that which was fad and lamentable, that in two or
three Moneths cime half of cheir Company died, efpecially in
fanuary and February, being the depth of Winter , wanting
houfes and ocher comforts, being infeded wich che Scurvy, and
ocher Difeafes, which chis long Voyage and cheir incommodace
condicion had broughc upon them, fo as there died fometimes
two, fometimes three on a day in che aforeftid dme, chat of
One hundred and odde perfohs,fcarce Fifty remained. Amongft
others in che cime fore-named, died Mr. william Mullins, a
man pious and well-dcferving, endowed alfo wich a confider-
¦aWe oucward Eftace •, and had ie been the will of God that he
had furvived, might have proved jmufefiil Inftrument in his
place, wich feveral ochers. who deceafed in chis greac and com
mon afllidion, whom I might take notice of to the likeeffed.
Of thofe that did furvive in this dme of diftrefs and calamity
thac was upon chem, there was fomeumes but fix or feven
found perfons, who (to their great commendation be it fpoken)
fpared no pains night nor day to be helpful to the reft, not
fiiunning to do very mean fervices to help the weak and impo
tent, In which Sicknefs the Seamen ftiared alfo deeply, and
many

An.i620. New-Englands Memoriall. ^3
many died, co abouc che one half of them before they went
away. Thus being but few, and very weak, this was an op
portunity for the Salvages to have made a prey of them, who
were wont to be the moft cruel and treacherous people in all
thefe parts, even like Lions -, but to them they were as Lambs,
God ftriking a dread in their hearts, fo as they received no
harm from them. The Lord alfo fo difpofed, as aforefaid,
much to wafte them by a great Mortality, together with which
were their own Civil Diffentions, and Bloody Wars, io as the
twendeth perfon was fcarce left alive when thefe people arrived,
there remaining fad fpedacles of that Mortality in the place
where they feated, by raany bones and skulls of the dead lying
above-ground ; whereby it appeared, that the living of them
were not able to bury their dead. Some of the ancient Indians
that arc furviving at the writing hereof, do affirm, That abouc
fome two or three ye.irs before the firft Englifli here arrived,
they faw a Blazing Star or Comet, which was a fore-runner of This feenmh td
this fad Mortality, for foon after ic came upon them in ex- be the [am that
tremicy. Thus God made way for his people, by removing the J^^J'/^/j^ ""*
Heathen, and plandng them in the Land ; yet we hope in mer- Europe.
cy to fome of che poftericy of chefe poor blinde Salvages, by
being means (af leafl ftepping-ftones) for ochers co come and
Preach the Gofpel amongft thera : of which afterwards in its
more proper place. But to return.
The Indians after their arrival would ftieW themfelves afarjre
off, but when they endeavoured to come near thera, they
would run away. But about the fixteenth of March, i6ii.
a certain Indian called Samofet came boldly amongft them, and
fpake to them in broken Englifli, which yet they could well un-
derftand •, at which they marvelled : buc at lengCh chey under-
ftood chac he belonged to the Eaftern pares of the Country,
and had acquaintance wich fundry of the Engliji Filliermen,
and could name fundry of them, from whom he learned his ,
language. He became very profitable to them, in acquainting
them with many things concerning the ftate of the Country in
thc Eaftern parts, as alfo of the people here j of their Names, Nuni-

'4 New-Englands Memoriall. An.1620.

Number, and Serengch, of their Sicuation, and Diftance from
this place, and who was Chief amongft them : He told them
alfo of anocher Indian called Squanto, alias Tifquantam, one of
this place, who had been in England, and could fpeak beccer
Englifli chen himfelf: And after, courteous encereainmenc of
him, he was difmiffed. Afterwards he came again, wieh fome
other Nacives , and told them of the coming of the greac
Sachem named Maffafoin, who (abouc four or five d.iyes afeer)
carnewith che chief of his Friends and ocher Atcendancs , wich
the aforefaid Sejuanto, wich whom (after friendly encereainmenc
and fome gifes given him) they made a League of Peace wieh
him, which coneinued wich him and his Succeffors co the time
of the-wricing hereof. The terms and Conditions of the faid
League is as followeth :
of this fee L ' I ^Hat neither he, nor any of his, fliould injure or do hurt te
more u the year 1 ^ny of their people.
'**'¦ II. That if any of his did any hurt to any of theirs, he flionld
fend the Offender that they might pnnifli him.
in. That if any thing were taken away from any of theirs, he
fliould caufe it to be reftored ; and they flould do the like to his.
JV. That if any didunjufily tJ'ar agalnfl him, they would aid
hint ; and if any did War again fl the-m, he fliould aid theiw.
V. That he fliould fend to hss Neighbour-Confederates, f cck-
tifie them of this, that they might not Wrong them, but might it
likewife compri fed in thefe Conditions of Peace.
VI. That when his Men came to them upon any occafion, they
fliould leave their Arms (which were chen Bowes and Arrows)
behinde them.
VIL Laftiy, That fo doing, their Soveraign Lord King James
would efteem him as His Friend a-nd Ally.
1
All which he I ked well, and withall ae che fame cime acknow
ledged liimfelf concene co become che Subjed of our Soveraign
Lord che King aforefaid, His Heirs and SuccefTors • and ^av£
unco them all the Lands ad jacenc, to them and thdr Heirs for
eyei;" After

An.i62o, New-Englands A/fwm^//. 25
After thefe things- he recurned co his placc^called Sowams,
abouc fourcy miles diftant from Plimouth, but Squanto conti
nued with them, and was their Incerprecer, and proved a fpe
cial In ftrumenc fenc of God for thdr good beyond expedacion^
he direded thcra in Planting dieir Corn, where to take thdr
pjfli, and to procure thdr Commodity ; and alfo was their
Pilot to bring them to unknown places for their profit, and
never left them untill his death : He was a Native of this place
where Plimouth is, and fear ce any left befides himfel£ He was
carried .iway (with divers others) by one nzxne^Hunt^^i Mafter
of a Ship, who thought to fell chem for Slaves 4n.f/>4/«, but he
got away for ^»^/^W, and was entertained by a Merchant in 'this tietcham
London, and iraployed to Newfound-land and ocher parts •, and -nme wm mr.
at laft brought hither into thefe parts by one Mr. Dermer, a Slaney.
Gentleraan imployed hy Sir Ferdinando Gorges and others, for
Difcovery, and other Defigns in thefe parts: of whom I fliall
fay fomething , becaufe ic is mentioned in a Book fet forch
Anno i6z2. by the Prefident and Cbundl for New- England^
That he made the Peace between the Salvages of thefe parts andthe
Englifh, of which this Plantation (as ic is incimaced) had the
benefit : and what a Peace it was, may appear by what Befell
him and his men.
This Mr. Dermer \n^s here the fame year that chefe pepple
came, as appears by a Relacion wriceen by him, Bearing dace
fune 30. Anno 1620. and they arrived in the. Country in the "^ This name of
Moneh.of November following, £0 that there was but foiir Pl™""'h i"««
Months difference: In which Relation to his honoured Friend, {'"f"lt''"''t
he hach chefe paflkges of chis very^hce\vhex:.e New-Plimouth lire nlwl bit
iS J / will firft begin (faieh he) with that place from, whence alfo becaufe P['i-
Squanco, cr Tifquantam was taken away. Which in Captain.^-^^i'^^-^'
Smiths Map is called * Plimouth, and I would that PJimouth had "^"^ *''¦ ^f.
the liks Commodities. I would that the firfi Plantation might {'^^ J.^V '"
here be feated, if there come to the number of Fifty perfons, or up- comtr,l&iw
wards; otherwife at Charlton, becaufe there the Salvages are that they recel-
lefs to be feared. The PocanaketS, Which live to the Wefi of PJi- ^''^ '»•¦«'>¦ W-
moucb, bear an inveterate malignity to fy&f Englifli, and are of'"S'"ff<'mfom!

26 New-Englands Memoriall. An.1620.
wort ftpength. tiien all the Salvages from, thence ta Panobsktit :
Their- defire of' Revenge Was occafiomdby an Englifli-mani who
having many of them on Board , made great ftaughter of them
with their Murderers and fmall Shut , when (as they fay) they
Nets. offered no injury on their parts, whether they were Enghfn«rw,
it-may be doubted:; yet they believe tkey were' , (er the French ^.^fr
fo poffefi them : for iwhieh caufe. Squanto cannot deny but tlxy would
have: k'ii^d me when I Was at Namaffakct, kad he nof intreated
hard for me. The Soy I ef the Borders of this great Bay, may
be compared to moft of the Plantations which I -have feen in Vir
ginia.. The land is of divers forts ; for Pjtukfet is an heavy but
ftrong Soyl, Naufet<wiSatukket are for themoff part ablackifli
and deep Mould, much like that where groweth the bcfi Tobacco in
Virginia. Tn the bottom of the Bay is great ftore of Cod, Bafs
or Mullet, &c. And above all, he commends Pacannaket for
the richeft Soyl, and much open gn>und, likely and. fit for Englifi
Grain. MafTa'chufetS is about nine leagues from Plimouth^ i{nd
fruate inthe mids : between, both is many IfLinds and. Peninfuls,
very fertile fer the moft pant. With fundry fiich Reladons,
which I forbear to tranfcrjbe, being now beccei^ known then
they were to him^
This Gencleman was taKen Prifoner By the InMans at Man-
namofet, (a placenot facre from Plimouth, now well known)
he gave them what they demanded for his liberty ; but when
they had got what they defired, chey kept lam. ftill, and endea
voured to kill fome of his men, but he was freed by feizing on
fome of them, and-kept chem bound till they gave him a Ca-
nooes load of Corn s Of which fee Purch. lib. 9. fol. 1778,
But this was Anno 1619^
After the writing of the former Relation,, he came to the
N«/f called J^eCapewak^y which lieth South from this place in tire way to
Martins Vine- THrginia, and the aforefaid SquanUhWith him ; where ht going
yrd. on fliore amongft the Indians to trade, as be ufedtoda, was
aflaulKd and betrayed by them, and all his men flain, bur one
that kept the Boat ; but himfelf goton Board very fore wound
ed, and they had cm off his Head upon the Cuddy of the Boar, had

An.1620. Ncw-Engjands Memoriall. ^7

had not his Man refcued him with a Sword, and fo they got
away, and made fhift to get into Virginia, where he died, whe
ther of his wounds, or the Difeafes of the Country, or both,
is uncertain.. By all which it may appear how farre this people
were from Peace, and with what danger this Plantadon was
begun , fiive as the powerful hand of the Lord did proted
thera. Thefe chings were pardy the Reafons why the Indians ke'^t
aloof, as aforefaid, and that it v;as fo long ere they could come
£0 fpeech wieh any of them : Another Reafon Cas afterwards
themfelves made known) was, how chat about three years be
fore thefe firft Planters arrived, a certain French Ship was caft
imnydt Cape Cod, but the men got on fliore, and faved theii'
lives, and rauch of their Viduals and other goods ; but after
wards the Indians heard of it, and gathered together from
thefe parts, and never left watching and dogging them, untill
they got ^idvantage, and kill'd them all buc chree or four, which
they kept and fenc from one Sachem to another to make fporc
wich chem, and ufed them worfe then Slaves ; and they con
ceived chis Ship was now come to revenge it. Two of the faid
French fo ufed were redeemed by the aforefaid Mr. Dermer,
the other died amongft the Indians : and as the Indians have
reported, one of them lived amongft them undll he was able to
difcourfe wich chem, and told them, That God was angry with
them for their wickednefs, and would deftroy them, and give their
Country to another people, that fliould not live like beafls as the)
did, but fliould be clothed, &c. But c^ey derided hira, and faid,
That they were fo many that God could not kill them. Flis anfwer
was. That though they were never fo many, God had many Wayis
to deftroy them that they k»ew. not. Shorcly after his deach came A mmrabli
the Plague, a Difeafe chey never heard of before, andmighcily paffng: of csdi
fwepc chem away, and left chem as dung upon che earch (;as you P">'fM'& "f' ^"^
have heard.) Noe long after came che Englifh to New-Plimouth, fhstZmio'^
and then feveral of the Indians began to minde the French-mans Blafphsmyy and
words, thinking him to be more then an ordinary man. ^ And otfotc ftiis.
as the firft pare of his fpeech had proved true, they began co
E 3 be

28 New-Englands Memoriall. An. 1621

be apprchenfive of che laccer, viz,. The hfs of their Country.
This Relacion che firft PlancersaeP//»?wr^, after chey cameco
be acquainced with chem, feveral of cheni heard' from divers
of cheir ancienc and graveft Indians, and have often feen che
place where rhe French were furprifed and taken ; which place
bearech che Name of Frenchmans Point wich many co chis day.
This Relacion for the verity thereof, bdng alfo very obferve-
able, was thought meet to be here infer ced ; And let me adde
sevcr.it ixflnn. a word hereunto- That it is very obfervable likewife, Thac
cfsof theMo-r- Qod hath very evidently made way for che Englifli, by Iweep-
'f''//j/.%j'f' ingaway che Nacives by fome greac MorealicieSj as firft, by
ffll^ ulja'no- t^^ Tlague here in Plimouth Jurifdidion ; fecondiy , by che
t'ice »f. " Small Pox in the Jurifdidion of the Maffachufets, a very con
fiderable people a liccle before che Englifli came ineo che Coun
try •, as alfo ac CaneEiicot, very full of Indians a lictle before
the Englifli wene ineo chofe pares- and chen the Pequots by the
Sword of the EngliUi'izsmll appear in its pla'ce) and che Coun
try now moftly pofTeffed by the Engliji. I mighc alfo mendon
feveral places in the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth , peopled
wich confiderable companies of proper able men, fince
the firft Planters chereof came over, even in our fighc, before
they were in a capacicy co improve any of cheir land, chac have
by che fiime hand of providence been cue off, and fo eheir Land
even cleared for them, and now fo repleniflied wich thdr Po-
Ex:ii1 15. 18, "i ftericy, chat places aretoo ftraight for them. By little and little
19-p- '' (faith God of old to his peoplej will I drive them out from be
fore thee, till thou be increafed, and inherit the Land.
But before I pafs on, lee che Reader cake notice of a very
remarkable parcictilar , which was made known co the faid
Planters ac Plimouth fome fliore fpace after their arrival. That
thelndians, before they came to the Englifh to make-Friend-
Brhsldhow Sit- fliip'wich chem, chey goe all the Pew<?n»/ in thc Country, who
^ZderZcol' ^^"^ three dayes together in a horrid anddevillifli manner did
fpelfromcoflikg Curfe and Execrate them wich thdr Conjurations : which
HtoN.E. Affembly and Service they held in a dark and difmall Swamp.
Buc to recurn. The

An.i6ar., Ncw-Enghnds Memoriill, 29
The Spring being now come, it pleafed God that the Mor
tality which had taken away fo many of the firft Planters ac
Plimofsth , ceafed , and the Sick and Lame recovered apace,
which was as it were a new life put inco chem ; they having
born this Afflidion with much padence, being upheld by thc
Lord. And thus we are come unto the Twenty fifth of
March) 1 62 1."

I 6 z I,
THis Year feveral of the Indian Sachems (befides Maffafoiet
before-named) came unto the Government of New-
Plimouth, and acknowledged themfelves to be the Loyal Sub-
jeds of our Soveraign Lord King fames, and fubfcribed unto
a Writing to that purpofe with their own hands ^ the tenour
of which faid Writing followeth, with thdr Names annexed
jthereunto. It being conceived by fome that are judicious, thac
it may be of ufe in fucceeding times, I thdiight meec here to
inferc it." September 13. Anno Dom.' i6ii.
KNOW all men by thefe Prefents, That we whofe
Names are under- written do acknowledge our
leivcs to be the Loyal Subje<as of King ^ames. King of
Great Britain, France and Ireland, Defender of thc Faithj
(^c. In Witnefs whereof, and as a Tcftimonial of the
fame, we have Subfcribcd our Names or Marks, as fql-
loweth. Ohijnattiihud,
Cawnacome. Obbatinnua.

Nattdwakunt.

^adaejuina.

Caunbatant.

Huttamoiden.

Chik^atabak.

sip/innow.

E 3

Now

30 New-Englands Memoriall. Anno 1621.
NofP foUoweth feveral Paffages ofthe Providence of God to,
and the further progrefs ofthefrfi Planters at Pli-
mo\Jth, appertatning to the rear i6zi,
THey now began to haften the Ship away, which tarried fo
long by reafon of the neceflity and danger that lay on
them, becaufe fo many died both of themfelves, and the Ships
Company likewife ; by which they became fo few, as the Mafter
durft not put oue to Sea, untill chofe that lived recovered of
thdr Sicknefs, andthe Winter over.
The Spring of this year they Planted thdr firft Corn in
New-England, bdng inftruded in the manner thereof by the
iote-KimeA. Squanto : they likewife lowed fome Englifh Grain
with little fuccefs, by reafon partly of the badnefs of the Seed,
and ilatencfs of the feafon , or foftie other defed not then
difcerned. \a theyiontho^ April in this year, their Governour Mr.
f ohn Carver (ell Rck, and within a few dayes after died, whofe
death was much lamented, and caufed great heavinefs amongft
them-, and there was indeed great caufe. He was buried in
the beft manner theycould, with as mucTi . Solemnity as they
were in a caparity to perform, wich the Difcharge of fome
Volleys of fliot of all that bare Arras. This worthy Gentle
man was one of fingular Piety, and rare for Humility, as ap
peared by his greatcondefccndency, when as this poor mifera-
ble people were in great ficknefs and weaknefs, he ftiunned not
to do very mean fervices for thein, yea the meancft of them :
He bare a fhare likewife of thdr labour in his own perfon , ac
cordingly astheir extreme neceflity required-, who being one
alfo of a confiderable Eftate, fpent the main part ofit in this
Enterprize, and from iirft co laft approved himfelf noe onely
as thdr Agent in the firft u-anfading of things,butalfo all along
to the period of his life, to be a pimis, faithful, and very benefi
cial Inftrument, and now is scaping ti)e fruit of bis labour with
ihe Lord. His

An.i62i. New-Englands Memoriall. 31
His Wife who was alfo a gracious woman, lived noe fi.K
weeks after him : fhce being overcome wich exceffive grief for
the lofs of fo gracious an Husband, likewife died.
In fome fliort diftance of time after chis, Mi-.tyilliam Bradford
was chofen Governour oi Plimouth in his ftead, being not as yet
well recovered of his weaknefs, having bin ac the point of death,
and Mr. Ifaac Allerton likewife was chofen to be his AfiSftanr.
The fecond of fuly in this year they fent Mr. Edward tvinflow
and Mr. Steven Hopkins, unco che greac Sachem Maffafoiet a-
forcfaid, wich a gracuicie co congraculace wich hira, and eo view
his Couhery, and likewife to take notice of what ftrength of men
hcliad, d°r. hmng Squanto (oi' eheir guide: who found his
place CO be about forty Miles from New-PUmonth , his People
few in comparifon of what they had been, by reafon of che
morcalicy amongft che Indians forementioned. Thefe broughc
word upon cheir return of che Narrhaganfets, a People chac li
ved on che ocherfide of chat greac Bay, which are a People
•ftrong and many in number, living compad cogecher, and had
noe ae all been couched with che wafting Plague before-fpecified.
They alfo broughc a full intelligence in reference untoi che par
ticulars chey were fenc abouc, and fo pecurned in fafety,
¦¦ Thus cheir peace being well eftablifhed wich che Natives a-
bouc chem, which was much furehered by an Indian named Ho-
b.^mak., who came co live amongft the Englifli; he being a proper
lufty young man, and one chac was in accoune amongft che /«-
t^/<?«.f in chofe pares for his valour, condnued faichful and con-
ftanc CO che Englifli undl his deach. He wich the faid Squanto
being fenc amongft che /»a'M»x about bufinefs for che Englifli,
were furprized by an Indian Sachem named Corbitant, who was
no friend co che Englifh ; he mee wieh chem ac Namaffaket, and
began co quarrel wieh chem, and offered co ftab Hobamak, who
being a ftrong man , foon cleared himfelf of him •, and wich
fpeed came and gave incelligence co che Governour 0? Plimouth,
f^iying, he feared that Squanco was fiain, for they were both
threacned, and for no ocher caufe, buc chac ehey were friends eo
the Englifli, and fcr viceable to them.'v^ On which ic was rhoughc meet

32 New-Englahds i\/f?w<'>'«'»/^' An.i62o.
I . .1 ri ¦.-.._¦. -  , - ¦ ¦ I ¦ ¦
meec co vindicace thdr Meffengers, and not co fuffer them co
be ehus wronged, and ic was conduded co fend fome men to
Namaffaket well armed, and to fall upon them : whereupon
fourceen men bdng well prepared were fent , under che condud
of Captain Miles Standifli, who when chey came ehieher befec
the houfe, and che faid Capcain entred inco the fame to look for
che faid Corbitant, hut he was fled, and fo they miffed of him j
buc underftood that Squanto was alive ; fo they wichheld, and
did no hurt, fave three of the^ Natives prefTing out of the
houfe when it was befec, were forely wounded ; which chey
broughc home to thdr Town wich them, and were dreffed by
their Chirurgion, and cured.
After chis chey had many Congraculacions from divers Sa
chems, and much firmer peace, yea chofe of the Hie of Capewak^
fent to make friendfliip wich chem, and chis Corbitant himfelf
ufedchemediacionof Maffafoiet to make his peace, buc was
fliie CO come near chem a long dme after.
After chis, on che eigheeench oi September chey fenc oue cheir
Boac to the Maffachufets wich een men , and Squanto for cheic
Incerprecer, to difcover and view chac Bay, and eo crade wich
the Natives ; and found kinde encereainmenc wich chem, who
fxpreffed chemfelves co be much afraid of che Tarateens, a peo
ple in che Eaftern pare of New-England, which ufed co come in
Harveft ume and cake away thdr .corn, and many times kill
fome of thdr people i who afeer chey had accompliflied ehdr
bufinefs, recurned in fafecy, and made report of the place,
Wifliing they had been there feated. Buc che Lord who afligns
to all men che bounds of their habitaeions, had appoinced ie for
anocher end and ufe.
And chus ehey found che Lord CO be wich them in all ehdr
wayes, and eo blcfs thdr out-goings and in-comings : for which
let his holy Name have the praife for ever.
Being now well cecovered in rcfped of health (as hath been
faid) they began to fit up their buildings againft winter, and
received in thdr firft harveft, and had great plenty of fowl and
fifti, to thdr great refrcfliing. About

An.ifizi. New-Englands Memonall. 53
Aboue theninchof iVoww^frcame in a fmall fliipcochem Th'n [hip was
unexpeded, in which came Mr. RobertCufhman, who was boch "^f'' "^^ l-or-
a godly man and an adive and faichful agent, and ufeful inftru- ^^"^^/''p*''^/^
mene in the common incereft of chis firft defign •, and chere Lns't^h'tchwas
came wich him in chat fliip,chirey five perfons, eo remain and one c\vife of a
liveinchePlancaeion : which did noe a little rejoyce che firft ^reat famine
plant-ers.''. And chefe when chey came on fhore, and found all th-n befell tit:
well, and iaw plency of provifions beyond ehdr expedation, ^1'"'^^!'°'' ^L
were alfo facished and no lefs glad : for coming in ac CapeCud r^^.^ ^f^^^,
before they came to PZ/ww/^, and feeing nothing there buc a
barren place • they then began to think what fhould become
of them, if the People were dead or cue off by the Indians;
and began to confult upon fome paffages, which fome of the
Seamen had caft out, to take che Sails from che Yard, left che
(hip fliould gee away andleave chem: hue che Mafter hearing
chereof, gave them good words, and told them. If any thing,
but well fliould have befallen the People at Plimouch, he hoped he had
provifions enough te carry them f<j Virginia, and whiles he had any
-they fliould have their part ; which gave them good fatisfadion.
This fliip ftayed at PAVc^;/) not above fourteen dayes, and
returned J and foon after her departure, the People called the
A^<?>-r/i/!^^»/2'fj aforefaid, fent a mcffenger unto the Plantation,
with a bundle of Arrows, tyed together wieh a Snakes skin,-
which their Incerprecer Squanto cold them was a threaening
and a challenge • upon which che Governour of Plimouth fenc
them a rough anfwer, (viz,.) That if they loved war rather
then peace, they might begin when they would, they had done them no
'\^rcng, neither did they fear them, or fliould they finde them un-
provided: and by anocher MefTcnger fent the Snakes skin back
again wich Bullets in it, but they would not receive ir, but fenc
it back again. It is probable the reafon of this their MefTage
to che Englifh, was their own ambicion, who fince che death
of fo many /w^/'?^/, thought to domineer and lord ic ovcr che
reft, and conceived che .£»^/iy^ would bea barre 'in their way^
and faw that Aiaffafoiet took flielcer already under cheir wings •
but this made the EngUfi} more carefully to look to therafdves,
F fa

34 New En^l&r\dS' Memoriall, An. 1622,
fo as they agreed co clofe their Dwellings wkh a good ftrong
pale, and made Flankers in convenient places, wich Gaccs to
fhuc, which were every nighc locked, and a Wacch kept , and
when need required there was alfo Warding in the day cime j
and the Company was by che Governour and Captains advice,
divided into four Squadrons, and every one had their quarter
appoinced them, unco which they were co.repair : and if chere
fhould be any cry of Fire, a Company was appointed for a
Guard wich Muskets, whiles ochers quenched che Fire^ the
fame eo prevenc Indian Treachery. And herewith I fhalj end
the Paffages of this Year.

I 6 Z 2^
AT the Spring of this Year (the Englifh having certified the
Indians of the Maffachufets chac chey would come again
unto them) they accordingly prepared. co go ehieher ; buc up
on fome rumours which chey heard from Hobamak. their friend
fore-named , who feared chac the Maffachufets were joyned
ivith the Narrhaganfets, and mighc beeray chem if chey were
not careful; and inriroaced. alfo his jealoufies -of .S*^«;?.vr(?, by
what he gachered from fome privace whifperiugs becween him
znd other Indians, chat he was noe really cordial to the Englij'b
in whac he pretended, made chem caueelous. Nocwithitand-
ing, they fenc out their Boat wich ccn of ehdr principal raeri
abouc the beginning of April, and boch Squanto and Hobamak
with chem, in regard of the jealoufie between them : buc chey
had noe been gone long., ere chac an Mian bdonging co
Squanto's i^trnily fume running, feeming to be in greac fear,
and cold them that many of the Narrhaganfets, wich Corbitant,
(and he choughe Maffafoiet) was coming ag.iinft chem: At
which they betook them to thdr Arms, and fuppofing chac the
Bpat was not as yet out of call, chey caufed a Piece of Ord
nance to be difcharged, tcixaU thera in again: Buc this proved otherr

An.'i622. New-Englands Memoriall. 35

otherwife, for no Indians came. After this they went to the
Maffachufets, and had good Trade , and recurned in fafety,
God be praifed.
4 But by che former paffages and things of like nacure, tbey
began to fee thit Squanto fought his own ends, and played his
owngame, by pucdng che Indians in fear, and drawing gifts
from thera co inrich himfelf j making them believe he could ftir
up war againft them when he would, and make peace for them
when he would -, yea he made them believe, that the Englifh
kept the Plague buried in the ground ; and could fend ic a- Tliis was faid
mongft whom they would, which did much terrific the Indians; to be a bamlef
and made them raore depend on him, and feek more to him then f*^"j- *"/;).
to their great Sachem Maffafoiet ; which procured him envy, .j-j^^^j^
and had like to have coft him his life : for afeer the difcovery of
thefe pradifes, the faid Maffafoiet foughe ic boch priva'tely and
openly ; which caufed him to ftick clofe to the Englifli, and
never after durft go from them untilhis death. They alfo
made good ufe of the emulation that grew between Hobamak,
and hira,which made them both carry more fquarely-, and the
Governour feemed to countenance che one, and thdr Captain
the ocher • by which they had the better intelligence, and it
made them both the more diligent.
Abouc the latter end of May they efpied a veffel at fea,
which at the firft they thought to bea French-man,h\it it proved
one that belonged to Mr. Thomas wefton a Merchant ; which
came frora a (hip which he and anocher had fent out on fifhing
to a place called Damarels Cove, in the Eaftern pares of N. E.
this boat brought feven men, and fome letters, buc no provi
fions to them, of which chey were in concinual expedadon
from England, which expedacions were fruftrated in that be
half ^ for they never had any fupply to any purpofe after this
Wme, but what the Lord helped them to raife by their induftry
amongft themfelves : for all that came afterwards was too
fhort for the paffengers chat came with ic.
After this the fame year, ' the above-named Mr. Thomas
Wefion, who had forraerly been one of the Merchanc-ad^ven-
F 2 'turers

56 New-Eagland5*^f/w0''w//.\ An. 1622.

turers to the Plantation of New-Plimouth ( but had now bro-
Thi one named ken off and deferted the gener.^1 concerns thereof) fent over
the Sparrow, two fhips on his own pardcular. incereft ; in thc one of them
the other the j^^e fjxcy lufty men, who were to be put on fliore at Plimouth,
Cjaucy. £^j. ^jjg jyjjp ^jj ^^ gQ ^j^jj Qj.{^gf paffengers to Virginia ; thefe
were courteoufly entertained (wich che feven men fore-named
bdonging to the faid ;^^/b», at Plimouth aforefaid) until the
fliip recurned from.^j>|-/«V,.which was the moft part of thac
Summer^ many of them being fick, and all of them defticuce
of habicadon, and unacquainced wich this new beginning : at
the fhips "retiu^n from Virginia, hiy the diredion of the faid
Mr.^^f/aacheir Mafter, or fuch as he had fet over them, they
removed incache Maffachufets Bay , he having got a Pattent
for fome part there, yee they left all cheir fick folk ac Plimouth,
uneil ehey were feded and fitted for houfing to receive them :
Thefe were an unruly company, and had no good government
over thera, and by dilbrder feliinto many wants, as afterwards
will appear.
But before I pafs on,^ I may not omit the mentioning of a
courteous Letter that came in the veffel above-named, in which
the above-faid feven men came, bdng direded to the Gover
nour oi Plimouth, wich refped unco the whole Plantation, from
a Capcain of a (hip at the Eaftward, who came thither on a
fifhing voyagfr; thfe whichfor the ingenuity of the man, and
his courtefie therein expreffedj may noe unfitly be here infer ced,
being infcribed as followeth.
To all his good Friends at Plimouth.
FRiends, Cofintry-men and Neighbours, I falute ym, and wifli
you all health and happinefs in the Lord: I make bold with
thefe few lines to trouble you, becaufe, unlefs I Were inhumane, Ica>%
do.no lefs. Bad news dothfitreadit felf too far, yet I will fo far in
form, that my fielf with many good friends in the South Colony of
Virginia have received, fuch aMw, that four hundred perfons large
Ycill net make good oue iojfes. Therefore I do intreat you, although ttot

An.i622. New-Englands Memoridh 37
not knowing lou , tliat the oldrule which I learned when I went to
fchool, may be fufficient, what is, happy is he who ocher mens
harms doch make CO beware ; and now again and again, Wifliing
all thofe that willingly would ferve the Lord, all health and happi
nefs in this World, and ever la fling peace in the World to come :
I reft, yours
foHN HVDSTON.
In the fame Veffel the Governour returned a thankful An- Although this
fwer, as was meet, and fent a Boat of thdr own wich chem, was not much a.
which W.1S piloeed by them; in which Mr. Edward winflow mongll them all,
was fent to procure what Provifions he could of the Ship, who ¦''^^ ": "^"if
was kindly received by the aforefaid Gentleman, who noe onely lilnij^'iffpl
fpared what he could, butwroceto ochers co do the like; by piy,' they being
which means the Plantation had a good quantity of Provi- now in a low
fions. iondit'ion for
This Summer they built a Fort with good Timber, both '^'"'"'^^''"^'
ftrong and comely, which was of good defence, made wich a
flat Roof, and Bacriemencs ; on which Fort their Ordnance
were mounted, and where they kept conftant Watch, efpecially
in dme of danger : It ferved thera alfo for a Meecing-hoiife,
and was ficced accordingly for chac ufe. Ic was a greac Work
for them to do in thdr weaknefs, and times of want •, but the
danger of the time required ic, there bdng continual rumours
of the Indians, and fears of their rifing againft them, efpe
cially the Narrhaganfets ; and alfo the hearing of that great
and fad Maffacre in Virginia above-named.
It may not here be omitted, that notwithftanding all their
great pains and induftry ,and che great hopes they had of a large
Crop, the Lord feemed to threaten them with more and forcr
Famine by a great Drought, which condnued from the third
week in May, untill the middle of fuly , without any Rain,
and wich great heat of Weather for the moft part, infomuch
as their Corn began to wither away, although it was planted
F 3 with

3^ New-Englands Memoriall. Anno 1622.
wichFifh, according to their ufual manner in thofe times ; yee
ac lengch ic began co languifli fore, and fome of tbe dryer
grounds was parched like withered Hay, part whereof was
never recovered. Upon which chey fee aparc a folemn Day of
Humiliation, to feek che Lord by humble and fervent Prayer
in this greac diftrefs ; and he was. pleafed co give chem a gra
cious and fpeedy anfwer, boch co their own and che Indians
admiracion chac lived amongft chem ; for all che raorning, and
greaceft pare of che day, ic was clear weacher, and very hoc,
and not a Cloud nor any fign of Rain co be feen, ycc towards
evening ie began CO ovcrcalT, and fliortly after co Rain, wich
fuch fweec and gcncle fhowers, as gave chem caufe of rejoycing
and blefling God : ic came wichouc either Wind or Thunder,
or any violence, and by degrees in chac abundance, as thac thc
Earth was throughly wet, and foaked therewith, which did fo
apparently revive and quicken che decayed Corn and ocher
Fruics, as was wonderful, and made che /W/rf»/ £}ftonifhed co
behold. A liccle before the Lord fent this Rain of Liberali
ties upon his people, one of chem having occafion to go to the
houfe of the afore-named Hobamak^ the Indian , he the faid
Tne peffon that Hobamak, faid unCO him, / am much troubled for the Englifh,
made thu Rda- j^y. j ^^^ afraid they will lofe all their Corn by the Drought, and
tm_ts fiill fur- J , .j^ y^ i^ fiarved • as for the Indians, they can fliift better
frinctpal man ^hen the Englifh, for they can get Fifli to help themfelves. But
i/i the Jimfd't- afterwards che fame man having occafion to go again to his
Bisn cf Ncvvr houfe,be faid to him, Now I fee that the Englifh- mans God is a
Piimouch. ^^g^ Q^^^ y^j, ^^ f^^jj^ heard you, and fent you Rain, and that
without Storms, Mtd Temptfts, and Thunder, which ufually We
havewith our Rain, which breaks down our Corn, but your ftandt
whole and good ftill ; furely your God is a good God : or with
ivords to the like cffed.
And after this gr.icious recurn of Prayers in this fo feafon-
ableablcffingof che,Rain, che Lord fenc them fuch feafonable
fhowers, wich incerchange of warm weather, as (through bis
bleffing) caufed in its time a fruitful and liberal Harveft, to
their great Comfort and Rejoydng : for which Mercy , in
time

An.i6z2. New. Englands Memoriall. 3P
time convenienc,.ihcy, alfo folemnizcd a Day of Thankfgiviftg
unco the Lord.
Now the welcome Harveft approached, in the which all had
fome rcfrefhraent, buc ic arofe buc co a hede in comparifon of
a whole years fupply ; pardy by reafon ehey were noe yet well
acquainted wich the manner of the Husbandry of the Indian
Corn, (having no other) and alfo thdr many ocher Imploy-
mencs-, buc chiefly their weaknefs for wane of food, fo as to
appearance Famine was like to enfue, if not fome way pre
vented • Markets there was none to go unto, but onely the
Indians ; but they had no Trading-ftuff. Buc behold now an- Awthtr good
ocher Providence of God •, A Ship came inco che Harbour, one pfo'^idena of
Capcain /om bdng chief in her, fet oue by fome Merchancs to [^^j^ ^j [if/? "
difcover all the Harbours between C^/jeCo^ and F/>x/«/rf, and
to Trade along the Coaft. This Ship had ftore oi Englifli Beads,
(which were then good trade) and fome Knives, buc would fell
none but 'at dear races, and alfo a good quancicy together ; yee
they were glad of the occafion, and fain to buy at any race :
they were fain to give after the rate of Cent, per Cent, if nor
more , and yet pay away Coat-Beavet at three fliillings per
pound. By this means chey were ficced again to trade for Bea
ver and other things, and fo procured what Corn they could.
But here let me take libercy to make a litde digreflion :
There was in the Ship fent by Mr. wefton fore-named On which
his Men caraej a Gentleman naraed Mr. fohn Porey, he had
been Secretary in Virginia, and was now going home Paffenger
in this Ship. After his departure he wroce a Leecer to che
Governour of Plimouth, in the Poftfcript whereof he hach
thefe expreflions following ;
*' To jour filf and Mr. Brewfter / muft humbly acknowledge
"wy felf. many wayet indebted, whofe Books I Would have yoti
*' think, very well beftowed, who efteems them fuch fewels. My
*' ha^e would mt fuffer me to remember, much lefs to beg Mr.
*^ hmffjorths elaborate Workmen the five Books of Mofes ; both
*' hpi and Mr, Robinfons do highly commend the Authors, as being
"¦moft

40 New-Englands MemOjioH- An. 1622.
" moft converfant in the Scriptures of all others : ^fd "^hat good
•' who knows it may pleafe God to Work^ by ihem throughmy hands,
" though moft unworthy, who finde fuch high content in them. God
" have you aH in his keeping. Your unfeigned and firm Friend,
fOHN PORET.

Auguft 28.
1622.

Weymourfi.

Thefe things 1 here inferc, partly for the honours fake of
the Authors memory, whidi chis Gencleman doch fo inge-
nuoully acknowledge, and alfo che credic and good chac he
prociured uneo che Plancacion of Plimouth after his recurn, and
thac amongft chofe of no mean Rank. Buc co recurn.
Mr. weflons people fore-named, who were now feaced in
the Bay of che Maffachufets, at a place called by the Indians
Now by tbi En- Wefagufquafet, and by diforder (as ic feemed) had made havock
ji;^ culled of their Provifion , they began now to conceive that wane
would come upon them •, and hearing thac their Neighbours
at Plimouth had bought Trading-ftuff, as aforefaid , and in
tended to Trade for Corn, they wrote to the Governour, and
defired that they might joyn wich them, and' they would im
ploy cheir fmall Ship in chis fervice •, and alfo requefted co lend
or fell chem fo much of cheir Trading-ftuff as cheir pare might
come to: which was agreed uneo on equal cerms^ fo chey
wene out in the Expedition, wich an incencion to go about Cape
Cod to the Southwards, but meedng with crofs Winds, and
other Croffes, went in at Mannameik, where the aforefaid
Squanto, being thdr Guide and Interpreter , fell fick., and
within a few dayes died i A little before his death, he defired
the Governour of Plimouth (who then was there} to pray for
him, that he might goto f^e Englifh-mans Ged in Heaven; and
bequeathed divers of his things to fundry of his Engliji
Friends, as Remembrances of his love : of whom thcy had a
great lofs.
Here they got a confiderable quantity of Cprn, and fb re
turned.

Squanto's Vtitb.

An.i623. New-Englands Afewm/i//.  4*
turned, ^fter chefe chings fohn Sanders, who was left chief
over Mr. pfeflons men ac ivefagufquaflt, in che Month of Fe-
b^ruary fenc a Meffenger, fliewing che greac wants chey were
fallen inco, !^n6i would have borrowed Corn of che Indians,
bucchey would lend him none; and defired advice whechcrhe
mighc cake ic from chem by force co fuccour his men, uneill re
turn from the Eaftward, whither he was now going :Buc che Go
vernour and che reftdiffvvaded him by all means from ic, for
ic piighc fo exafperace che Indians, as mighc endanger ehdr
fifecy, and all of chem mighc fmarc for ic i for chey had al
ready heard how chey had wronged che Indians, by ftealing
their Corn, &c, fo as the Nacives were much incenfed againlt
them : yea , fo bafe were fome of their own Company, as
they went and cold che /»i;^;Ww, chac ehdr governour was pur-
pofed CO come and take their Corrt by force, which wich other
things made chem eneer inco a Confpiracy againft che ^;?f///?'.
And herewich I end the Relacion of the moft Remarkable' Paf
fages of Gods providence cowards the firft Planters, which fell
out m chis Year.

I 6 z ^.

M

¦R.;Ff/?fl«j people fore-named, nocwichftanding all helps
t ehey could procure for fupply of Provifions, fell inco
greac Excremicy, which wasoccafioned by cheir exceflive ex-
pence while chey had it, or could gee ic; and after chey came
inco want, many fold away ehdr Cloches and Bed- coverings.
others were fo -bafe as they- became fervantsto the Indians]
and would cot them Wood, and fetch them Wacer for a Cap
full of Corn ; ochers fell co ftealing boch nighc and day from
the Indians, of which they grievoufly complained. In the end
thcy came to thac mifery , that fome ftarved and died wich
hanger ; and one in gachering of Shell-fifli was fo weak, as he
u.uck faftinthe mud, and was found dead m the place- and
G moft

42 New Englands Memoriall. An. 1623.
moft of chem left ehdr Dwellings, and were fcaccered up and
downin the Woods by che Water-fide, where chey could finde
Ground-nuts and Clams, here fix, and there ten, by which
thrir carriages they became contemned and fcorned of che In
dians, infomuch as chey began greatly to infult over them in a
rnoftinfoleiK manner, fo as if chey had fee on fuch Viduals as
they had gotten to drefs ic, when it was ready the Indians
would come 3nd eat it up: and when Nighc came, when as
poffibly feme of them had a forry Bla'nkec, or fuch like, co lap
themfelves in, che Indians would cake it, and lee the ocher lye
all nighc in che cold, foas their condition was very lamencable ¦,
and In che end chey were fain co hang one of their Company,
whom chey could noe redami from llealing, to give che In
dians concene.
Whiles chings wene on in chis rnanner wich them, che Go
vernour and People of Plimouth had nocice chat the Sachem
Maffafoiet their Friend was fick, and near unto deach, and chey
fenc CO vific him, and fent him fome comforcable chings, which
gave him concene, and was a means of his recovery: Upon
which occafion he difcovered che Confpiracy of chefe Indians,
how chey were refolved co cue off Mr. weftons Company, for
the concinual Injuries, ehey had done chem, and would now
take opportunity of cheic weaknefs, and do it- and for chac
end had confpired wich ocher Indians cheir Neighbours there-
abojjcs: and thinking t<he. People here would revenge cheic
death, they therefore thought to do the like by them, there-^
fore to prevent it, and that fpeedily, by taking fome of the
. chief of them before it v?as coo lace, for he aflured them of the
nSt^r?h\. "luh thereof.
jieHas Pratt, This did much trouble them, and they took it intoferious
who both penned confideration, and found upon Examination, and other Evi-
the'part'iciiUr dences CO give lighc cherdnto, Thac che macter was reajly fb
I'f v""7 ^^ ^^^ ^^^ '^"'''"^"^ ^^'^ ^°'*^ '^^"'- ^" ^^^ "'^^'^ """^ ^^^^ ^"
fomttbe^tfinis * ^'%^i^'^^>^^'i'^^<^'>& Maffachyfets, from clifl faid Company
rtiat'ing to this '" >rufery, as hach been above-related, with a fmall pack ac his
Tragedy.: back -, and although he knew not a foot of the way, yet he
got

-An.i623. l^Qw-En^hnds Memoriall. 43
goe fafe hither, buc loft his way, which was well for him, for
lie was purfued by two Indians, who by Gods Providence mif
fed of him by chac means ; and he related how all chings ftood
with chem chere, and thac he durft ftay no longer', for he ap
prehended by whac heobferved chey would beall llain ere long.
This made chem make che more hafte, and chey difpacched a
Boat away wich fome men under che condud of Capcain Stan-
dijh, who found chem in a miferable cpndition ; 6ue of which
he refcued chem, .md helped chem co fome relief, cue off fome
of the chief Confpiracors againft them, and according cohis
Order- offered CO bring them ^\l to Plimouth, to be there Uneill
JAr.weflcname, or fome other way fliould be prefented for
their help : they thanked him and the reft, but they rather de
fired chac he would help chem with fome Corn, and chey would
go wich their fmall Ship co che Eaftward, co look out for a
way for themfelves, either to have relief by meeting whh Mr.
Wefton, or if not to work wich che Fifhermen for thdr fupply,
and thdr paffage for England: fo they fhipped what they had
of any worth, and he helped them with as much Corn as he
could, and faw them out of che Bay under fail, and fo came
home, nor caking the worth of a peny of any of them.
This was the end of thefe/hat fometimes boafted of thdr
ftrength, being all able, lufty men, and whac chey would do and
bring co pafs, in comparifon of che people ac Plimouth,v/ho had
many Women and Children, and weak ones ; and faid at their
firft arrival, when they faw the wanes at Plimouth, Thac they Hire fie tun
Would take another courfe, and net fallinto pich a condition as this eff'£l »/ P''<if
fimple people were come to: but a mans way is noe in his own iidyain-glory.
power, God can make the weak to ftand ; -Let him that thinketh
he ftandeth (in fUch refped as well as ocher) take heed left he .
fall. Shorcly after Mr. wefton came over wich fome of che Fifher
men, where he heard of the Ruine of his Plantacion, and got
a Boat, and wieh a man or two came to fee how things were ;
but by the way (for want of skill) in a Storm he caft away his
Boa^ in the bottome of the Bay , between Merrimack, and
G 2 Pafcataqua,

44 Nevv- Englands Memoriall. An,i623:
Pafcataqua, and hardly efcaped wich life •, and afterwards fell
into thehinAsoi thelndians, who pillaged bim of all that he
had faved from che Sea, and ftripped him of all his Cloches co
his Shire. At Mthe got to Tafcataqua, and borrowed a Sure
of Cloches, and goe means and came co Plimouth. A ftrange
alceraeion chere was in him, eo fuch as had feen and known him
in his former flourifliing condition ; fo uncercairt are all chings
of ehis uncereain world.
Buc CO recurn CO che ftace and condition of thc 'Plancers at
/"//'ww/^, all this while no fupply heard "of, fo chey began to
think how they might r^ife. IS much corn as they could, fo as
they mighc not languifli in mifery as formerly they had done,
andatcheprefenccheydid, andic was choughe the beft way,
and accordingly given way unto, chac every one fhould plane
Corn for his own particular, and in chac regard provide for
themfdves, and in other refpeds continue the general courfe
and w.iy as before: & fo they ranged all their youth under fome
family, and fet upon fuch a courfe, which had good -fuccefs, for
!C made all handsyery induftrious, fo as much Corn was plan
ted. This courfe bdng fecled, by that -time all thdr Corn was
planted, all thdr viduals was fpenc, and they were only to reft
on Gods providence ; many times ac nighe,- noc-knowing where
to have anything co fuftain-nacure che-nexc day, and fo ( as one
wdl obferved) had need co pray chac- God would' give chem
their daily bread, above all peoplein the world ; yet they bare
thofe wanes wich greac patienceand alacrity of fpirir, and that
tor fo longa time as the moft-parrof two years.
u bis firfl De- Which brings ro minde what Peter Mdhyr writes • m-magni-
Cide, p zo8 fyjng of the Spaniards -, They ( faid he ) led a miferable life for
five dayes together^ with parched gram of Maize only, and that not.
tofatiety; and then concludes, that fuch- pains, fuch labours, he
thought none living, which is not a Spaniard,'Co«W ha'ae indured.
But alas, thofe raen when they had Maize ( thai is-Indian
Corn ) they thought it as good as a feaft ; and wanted not only
for- five dayes together, buc foraecimes for tvVoor. three months
togedier

An.i623-' New-Englands Memoriall, 45
together, and neither had bread, nor any kinde of corn.
Indeed in another place m his fecond Decade pag. 94. He
mentions hoW others of them Were worfe put to it, where they were
faine to eat Dogs, Toads and dead Men, and fo almoft all of them
died. From thefe extremities.^the Lord in his goodnefs prefer
ved both cheir lives and healths, lee his Holy Name have che
praife -, yee lee me here make ufe of his condufion, which in
fome fore may be applied co this people-. That with their mi
feries they 'opened a way to thofe new_ lands : and after (forms with
what eafe other men came to inhabit in them, in refpefi of the cala
mities thefe men fuffered; fo as they feemed to go to a bride feaft where
all things are provided for them, i
They having one boac left, and fhee none of the beft, wich a
net which chey boughc, improved chem for che taking of Baffe,
which proved a good help to them, and when thofe failed they
were fain all hands to go dig fhdl-fifli Our of thefands for thdr
living J in the winter- feafon ground-nuts and fowl was the
principal of their refrefhing, until God fent more fetied and
fuicable fupplies, byhis blefling upon ehdr induftry.
J-; Ae lengch chey received -fome leecers from che adven cur er5,
which gave chem incelligence of a fhip- fee oue, to cotne hicher
nntoPUmeuth, named the Parr agon.;. This fhip was boughc by
Mr. fohn Pierce; and fet oue on his own charge, upon hopes of
gr-eat maccers ; the paffengers and goods, the Company fent in
,her he took in for fraight,- for which they agreed with him to
be delivered here : this was hein-whofe narae theii: firft Patent
was taken, for this place where Plimouth is- by.- reafon of ac-
quainttinceand fomeallyance that fome of their friends had
with him, but his name was only ufed in truft; but when he
faw thcy were here hopefully feated, and by the fuccefs God
gave them, had obtained the favour of the Council' of iVw-
England,he goes & fuesto"^che faid^ Council for anocher -Patent
of much larger extent in thdr names, which wareafily obtained,
,but he meant to fceepictohimfelfi and to allow them what he
pleafed to hold of him as tenants^ and fue to his Courts as
?;bief Lord: buc the Lord ijiarvelouily crofled hira in his pro
ceedings.

46 New-Englands iW^?»u;-/(j/7, Anno 1623.
ceedings ; for when his (hip above-named fee oue from che
Zfcrfwf r, fhe fprang a leak by chac time fhe goe co che Downs,
a-nd alfo by reafon of a chop chat accidentally befel one of her
Cables, itbrakeina ftrcfsof wind while fhe chere rode, and
was in danger eo have bin driven oa the fands, and chereupon
wasconftrainedcoreturnb.ickcoZ<)Wo», and chere arrived in
fourteen dayes after, and was haled up into che Dock, and an
hundred pound more beftowed on her co mend .her leaks and
bruifes, which fhe received in che aforefaid ftorm; and when flie
was again ficced for che voyage , fie peftered his fliip, and cakes
in more paffengers, and thofe fome of them not very good, to
help to bear his loffes, and fees oue the fecond time ; and when
he was half way or chereaboucs co New-England was forced
back'againby anexeremecempeft, wherein 'che goodnefs and
mercy of God appeared in cheir prefer vaeion,bdng one hundred
and nine fouls. This fliip fuffered che greaceft excremicy at
fea, ae her fecond fecting forch, as is feldome che like heard of.,
Ic v/as abouc the middle of February chac the ftorm began, and
ic continued for che moft pare of fourceen dayes, buc for cwo or
three dayes and nighes cogecher in moft violent excremicy-; at
the beginning of che ftorm, ehdr boac being above-decks, was
chrown over-board ; they fpent ehdr Main-maft, ehdr Round-
V)is KtUtion houfe was beacen off wich che ftorm, and all che upper works
liTvj-lv ^^ ^^ ^'^^''^ ^'P • ^^'^^^^ ^^^^ to give diredion, for the guiding of
Pierce the^ her before the fea, was made faft, to prevent his ,wafhing over-
Mifln of the board, and chefeas did fo over-rake them, as chac many times
faid fhip, and thofeupon the deA^knew not whether they were wichin-board
feme of the paf. or.WichouCy and by her extreme leaking, being a very rotcen
mdk. '^'P.> ^"'^ ^^^ ^^^''^ increafing, flie was once very near founder-
ingintbefea, foas they thought fhe would never rife again \
Notwichftanding.theLord was pleafed of his great mercy to
preferve them ¦; and after greac weacher-beating and excraordi
nary danger, they arrived fafe at Fortfmouth in Hampfhire^to
the wonderment of all chat beheld in what condition they were,
and heard what they had endured.
Upon thc recurn of the faid W.fohn Pierce for England;
.- (he

,An.i623. New-Englands Mernoriall.. a^f
( he bdng perfonally in chis his fhip in che fo fad florin ) che
ocher Merchanc Advencurers, got himto aflign over che grand-
Patent to the Company, which he had taken in his own Name,
and made quite void their former Patent.
Abouc che lacter end of fune, came in a fhip ac Plimouth with This iv^s the
Captain Francis tveft, who had a Commiffion co be Admiral oi {h'lp called rhe
NeW-En^land, CO reftrain Incerlopers, and fuch fifliing fhips as P>"8'^'^ «/<"''¦-
came co hfll and crade wichouc licencefrom che Council of A^fiv- j"' '
England, for which they fhould pay a great fupi of money ,
but he could do no good of chem, for chey were too ftrong for
him, and he found che- fifhermen co be refradory, and theic
owners upon complaine made co che Parliament, procured an
order, thac fifhing fhould be free. He cold the Governour of
Plimouth thac chey fpake with a fhip ac fea, and were on board
her, chac was coming co the faid Plantation of Plimouth, in
which were fundry paffenger^, and they marvelled fhe was noe
arrived, fearing fome mifcarriagc; for they loft her in a'ftorm
chac fell fhorcly after chey had been on board: which relation
filled them full of fears, yee mixed with hope. The Mailer of
this fhip had two Hogfheads of Peafe to fell, buc feeing cheir
wanes, hdd'ehem ac Nine pounds flerl'mg an Hogfhead, and un
der Eighe he would noe take, and yee would have Beaver ac art
under-racc; buc chey cold' him they had. lived- fo long without,
andw^uld do ftill,. r^ttherjhen give fo unreafonably : fo the f^iid-,
Ship went- from Plimouth to Virginia.
About fourteen dayes after ce-me in the Ship called The Anri,
whereof Mr. william- Pierce was 'Miiier : two of the prindpal
Paffecigeus- that came in/this Ship were Mr. Timothy Hatherly
flnd yir. George Mirtm; the former, vih. Mr. Timothy Ha
therly., foon afcec^ his- arrival met with fome crofs . Providences-
by the bur ning of his Houfei whereby he was much impove-'
rifhad, and much difcouraged, and returned the Winter fol
lowing for England: and afterwards the Lord was pleafed to
renew his Eftate, and he came again into New-England, and
proved a very profitable and beneficial Inftruraent both in
Church and Coraraoa-wcalth, being one of the firft beginners, and

48 New-Englands Memoriall. An.1623.
and a good Inftrumenc to uphold che Church and Town of
Situate; and alfo ferved God and che Jurifdidion of /'//?«»»;/.>
in the place of Magiftracy, and retained his Incegriey in che
Profeflion of thc wayes of Chrift unco old Age ; ftill fur
viving ac the penning hereof.
Thc laccer of che cwo fore-named, viz. Mr. George -Mor ton,
was a pious gradous Ser vaneof God, and very faichful in whac
foever publick Imploymenc he was beerufted wichall, and an
unfeigned well-wil!cr,& according co his Sphere and Condition,
a fucable Promocer of che Common Good and Growch of
the Plantation of iVrw-PZ/wiiwyr^,' labouring to ftill the Difcon-
tencs chac fometimes would arife amongft fome fpirics, by oc
cafion of che Difficulcies of chefe new beginnings : buc ic plea
fed God CO pue a period co his dayes foon after his arrival in
New-England, noe furviving a full year after his coming afliore,
Wieh much comforc and peace he fell afleep in che Lord in che
Monch of fune, Anno 1624.
Abouc een dayes after the arrival of the Ship called The Ann
above-named, there came in another fma^ll Ship of about forty
four Tun, named the fames, Mr. Bridges bdng Mafter there
of ^ which faid Ship, the ^»» had loft at Sea by reafon of foul
Weather : fhe was a fine new Veffel, built to ftay in the Coun
try. One of the principal Paffengers that came in her was Mr.
fohn fenny., who was a godly, though ocherwife a plain man,
yee fingular for publicknefs of fpiric, ' feccing himfelf co feek
and promoce che Common Good of che Plancacion of Ne-w-
Plimouth ; who fpent not onely his part of this Ship (bdng
part Owner thereof) in the general Concernment of the Plan
tation, but alfo afterwards was alwayes a Leading-man in pro
moting the. general Incereft of this Colony: He lived many
ye:irs in New-England, and fell afleep in the Lord Anno. 1644.
In the twb Ships laft named, came over . many ocher perfons
befides chofe before redced, who proved of good ufe in thdr
places. Thefe Paffengers,feeing the low and poor condicion of thofe
that were here before them, were much daunted and difmaycd, and

An.i623. i^cw-Enghnds Memoriall , 4P
and according co cheir diverfe humours, were diverfly affeded.
Some wifhed chemfelves in England zg-Ain ; ochers fell on weep
ing, fancying cheir own -mifery in whac chey faw m ochers j
ocher-fome pieying che diftrefs chey faw ehdr Friends had been
long in, and ftill were under. Inaword, all were full of fad-
nefs ; onely fome of ehdr old Friends rejoyced co fee chem,
andchaeic was no worfe wich chem, for theycould not exped
ie fhould be heccer,- and now hoped ehey fhould enjoy beccer
dayes cogecher. And cruely ie was no marvel ehey fhould be
thus affeded, for they were in a very low condition, both in
refped of Food and Clothing ac chac cime.
To confider ferioufly how fadly che Scripcure fpeaks of the
Famine in facobs time, when he faid co his Sons, Go, buy its food,
that We may live and not die ; and chae the Famine Was great and
heavy in the Land, and yec chey had greac Herds, and ftore of
Caccel of fundry kindes, which befides their flefh, muft needs
produce ocher ufeful benefics for food , and yee ie was accounc-
ed a foreafflidion : Buc che mifery of the Planters at Plimouth
at che firft beginning, muft needs be very greac cherefore, who
HOC onely wanced che flaff of Bread, buc all che benefics of
Caccel, and had no Egypt eo go co, buc God fed them out of
the Sea for the moft part ; fo wonderful is his powerful Pro
vidence over his in all Ages : for his Mercy endureth for
ever. About the middle of September arrived Capcain Robert Gorges
in the Bay of thc Maffachufets, with fundry Paffengers and Fa
milies, intended thereto begin a Plantation, and pitched upon
thac place which Mr. ivefton fore-named had forfaken. He had
« Commiflion from che Council of New-England to be Gene
ral Governour of che Counery .- and chey appoinced for liis
Council and Afliftancs, Capcain Francis iveft\X\es,ioreizt.iih.6.-
miral, Chriflopher LevetEfq; nnd the Governour oi Plimouth
for che cime being : Alfo chey gave him Auchoricy to Choofe
fueh other as he fhould finde fie, Alfo chey gave by eheir
Comrniflion full Power to him andhis Affiftants, or any three of
them, (y/hereof himfelf wa6 alwajes toieone) To Jo and execute
H ^yvhat

50 New-Eriglands Memoriall. An. 162J,
what to them fhould feem good, in all Cafes, Capital, Criminal,
and Civil; wich divers other Inftrudions: Of^ which, andhis
Commiflion, ic pleafed him to fuffer the Governour of Pli
mouth to take a Copy.
He meeting with che aforefaid Mr. Weflon at Plimouth, called
bim before him and fome ocher of the Affiftants, with the Go
vernour of Plimouth aforefaid, and charged him with the ill
carriage of his Men at the Maffachufets, by Which means the
peace of the Country was difturbed, and himfelf and the people
which he had brought over to plant in that Bay, thereby much pre
judiced. To which che faid wefton eafily anfwered. That what
was done in that behalf, was done in his abfence, and might have
befallen any man : He left them fufflcientlj provided, and conceived
they would have been well governed; and for any errour committed,
he had fufflciently frnarted.
Tilt fa'idMr. Anocher particular was, An abufe done to his father Sir Fcr-
'^^°' ^Jj, °? dinando Gorges, and to the State. The ching was this : He
^ir'tsl anda ufed him and Others of chc Conncil oi New-England, topro-
^erchm of cure him a Licenfefor che Tranfporting of many greac Pieces
good account in of Ordnance for iVfji'-.p^^/W, precending greac Fortification
London Sow- herein che Councry ; for which when he had obcained, he fold
tune after thefe ^^^^ beyond Sea for his privace profit : At which the&ate was
/or England, niuch offended, and his Father fuffered a fhrewd check, and he
andd'iedin the had Order to apprehend him.
city i/BrifloI ; The faid wefton excufed it as well as he could, but could not
fe proved bat a y,f,olly deny it ; but after much fpeech abouc it, by the Media-
ihePlMUtion' tion of the Governour of Plimouth, and fome other Friends,
ef- Plimouth. the faid Captain Gorges was inclined co gendenefs, (though he
apprehended the abufe of his Facher deeply) which when che
faid Wefton perceived, he grew the more prefumptuous, and
gave fuch cuccing and provoking fpeeches, as made che faid Ca
pcain rife up in greac indignation and diftemper, vowing. That
he would either curb him , or fend him home for England: At
which che faid Wefton was cbunted, and came privacely co che
Governour of PJimouth, to know whethr they Would fuffer him
to fendhim forV.e^^^nd'i Ifwas aiifwered him, Thiy could mf
hinder

An.i623' New-Englands MfwmW/. 5»
hinder it ,- and much blamed him, chac after they had pacified
things, he fhould thus break out by his own folly and ralTinefs,
and bring trouble upon himfelf and ochers. He confeft it was
his paffion, and prayed che Governour aforefaid t<i intreat for
him, and procure a pacification for him, if he could: the which
ae laft he did obcain wich much difficulcy. So he was called
again, and che faid Capcain Gorges was concene co cake his own
Bond CO be ready ro to make further anfwer, when either he
or the Lords of the Council fhould fend for him ^ and at laft
he took onely his own Word, and fo there was a friendly part
ing on all hands.
Soon after this, the faid Captain Gorges took his leave, and
went to the Maffachufets by land, being very thankful for his
kinde Entertainment. His Ship ftayed at Plimouth, and ficced
for CO go CO Virginia, having fome I'affengers to deliver there:
and with her recurned fundry of thofe from Plimouth, which
came over on their particular account j fome out of difconeenc
and diflike of the Country, and others by reafon of Fire that
burnt their Houfes and all their Provifions, fo as they were
neccflitated thereunto. This Fire was by fome of the Seamen, ^*"'j«ws tht
thatwereRoyftering in an Houfe where it firft began, making ^/'^."-^ No-
a great Fire, the weather beingcold, .which brake out of the ^^"^ ^^ '^**'
Chimney into the Thatch, and burnt three Houfes, and con-
fumed all their Goods and Provifions. The Houfe in which it
began, was right againft their Store-houfe at PUrnouth, which
they had much ado to fave j in which was the Common Store
of the Provifions of the Plancacion, which had ic been lofl:, the
fame had been ovefrhrown : but through Gods mercy it was
faved, by che diligence of che pesple, and care of the Gover-
tiour and thofe about him. Some would have had che Goods
thrown out,but if they had, there would have been much loft by
the rude Company belonging to the two fore-named Ships,
which were almoft all on fhore at chis rime ^ buc a crufty Com
pany were placed wiehin, as well as fuch as were mean-while
imployed in quenching the Fire without, chat if neceflicy re
quired they might have them .all out. with fpeed:;; for they
H , 2v iufped«d

52 Now Englands Memoriall. An.1623.
fufpeded fome malicious dealing, if noe plain Treachery • and
whecher ic was ondy fu fpcdcd Or no, God knows : hut chis
is certain, that when tbe Tumult was greateft, there was a
voice heard (but from whence ic came is uncertain) chat bade
them look, '^cll about them, far all Were not friends that Were
then about them ; and foon after, when the vehemency of the
abUTrehrva- R'^e was over, fmoke was feen to-arife wiehin a Shed that was
tion. joyned to the end of the aforefaid. Score- houfe, which was
waccled up wich boughs, in the withered leaves whereof the
fire bdng kindled, which fome running to quench, found a
long Fire-brand of about an Ell long, lying under the wall on
theinfide, which could not comethither by cafualty, buc muft
belaid chere by fome hand, in the judgement of- all thatfafl;
it. But God kept thera from this danger, whatever might be
intended. Bijic to return again to fpeak fomething of" che aforefaid
Capcain Gorges, after he had been at the Eaftward and ex-«
pedited fome occafions chere, he and fome chac depended up
on him recurned for England , haying fcarcely faluced the
Country in his Government, finding the ftace of things not
to anfwer his quality and condition •, his people difperfed them-J
felves, fome went for ^'w^/^K^^ others for Virginia, fome few
remained, and were hdped withflipplies from Plimouth: a-
mongft the reft, the faid Capcain broughc over a Minifter with
him, one Mr, Moral, who recurned for E->igland about a year
after him, he cook fhip ac Plimouth, and had a certain power
and authority of fuperincendency over ocher Churches grant
ed him, and inftrudions for charend-, bucheneva- fhewed it,
or made any ufe of ic, but only fpake of ic to fome of Plimouth
at,his going away. This was in effed the end of the fecond
Plantacion, in che aforenamed place called Wefagufquafet.
There were alfo fome fcaccering' beginnings made in ocher
places^ as ztFafcataqua, by Mr. David Thompfoh ; and at Mon-
hegin, and fome ocher places, by fundry ochers.

1624.

An.T624« New-Englands Memori&ll. 5 3

I (5 i 4.
THe cime of new Eledion of Officers bdng come for chis
year ac Plimouth, che number of their people being in
creafed, and their troubles and occafions therewith •, che Go
vernour defired chem co change che perfons, .ns well as renew
the Eledion, and alfo co adde more Affiftants co che Governour
for help and counfel, and che beccer carrying on of publick af
faires, (hewing chae ie was neceffary ic fliould fo be ; for if it
were any honour or benefic,ic was fie chac others fhould be
made parcakers of ic ; if ic was a burden ( as doubtlefs ic was )
ie was bue equal chac others fliould help co bear ie, and chac chis
was che end of yearly Eiedions,
i The conclufion was, chae whereas chere was before buc one
AfTiftanc, chey now chofe five, giving che Governour a double
voice-, .and afterwards chey encreafed chem co feven, which
courfe'hach continued in chac Colony until chis day.
In die monch of March, in this year Mr. Edward winftoiv
arrived at Plimouth in New-England, having bin imployed as
agent for that Plantation, on fundry occafions, wich che Mer
chanc Advencurers in England, who broughc a confiderable
fupply wich him, che fhip being bound on a fifhing voyage ; and
wieh hinicame Mr. fohn Lyford a. Minifter, which was fent over
by fome of the Adventurers.
There came over likewife in this fhip three Heifers and a Bull, Tee'firlf Heat
which was the firft Neat Cattel - that came ineo New-England. C^ttd that
The .iforefaid fohn Lyford, when he came firft on fhore, falu- ^'^'"^ '<> ^-^
ted them ofthe Plantacion of Plimouth wieh chac reverence and
humilicy, as is feldome to be feen ; and indeed made them a-
fliflmed, he fo bowed and cringed unco them, and would have
kiffed thdr hands if they would have fuffered him : yea he wept
and flied many tears, blefling God that had broughc him co fee
iheir faces -, and admiring the things they had done in their
wanes, as if he had been made all of love, and the humblefi
H 3 perfon

54 New-Englands i»/a/2m/j//. Anno 1624-
perfon in the World : but in che end proved more like chofe
Pfal 10.10. mentioned by che Pfalmift, that crouched and bowed, thac he.ips
of the poor may fall by them : or like uneo diffembling Iflimael,
Jsr.4[.^. who when he had IXixn Gedali'^h, wene oue weeping, and met
thofe chac were coming co offer Incenfe in che houfe of che
Lord, faying , Come to Gedaliah, when he meane co flay chem.
They gave him che beft eneertainment they could, in all fimpli
city, and as their Governour had ufed in all weighty affairs, to
confult vvith their Elder Mr. Brewfier, together with his Afli-
ftancs ; fo now he called Mr. Lyford ilfo on fuch like occafions :
after fome fhore time, he defired co joyn himfelf a member co
thdr Church, and was accordingly received^ he made a large
confeflion of his Faieh, and an acknowledgemene of his former
diforderly walking, and his bdng intangled wich many Corrup
tions, which had bin a burden to his Confcience, and bleffed
God for this oportunity of freedome and libercy, with many
more fuch like expreffions ; in fome fhort time he fell into ac
quaintance wich Mr. fo^ O/^^rfw, who was a cop.ircner wich
him in his after courfes.-, noe long after, boch Oldham and he
grew very perverfe, and fliewed a fpiric of greac malignancy,
drawing as many inco a fadion as they could : were they never
fo vile or prophane, they did nourifh and abet them in all
thdr doings, fo they would but cleave to them, and fpeak a-
gainft the Church : foas there was nothing but private meet
ings and whifperings amongft chem, they feeding chemfelves
and ochers, wich what they fliould bring to pafs in England by
* That is, fome tbefadionof their * friends there ; which brought others as
ofthe Aiventii- well 3s themfelves into a fools Paradice, yet they could not car-
rcYs,whoproved j.y [q ctofely , but both much of. their doings and fayings
v'li'arie's^ftbi ^^"^^ dtfcovered , although outwardly they fet a fair face of
Plantation. things. At length, when the Ship he came in was ready to return for
£»^/<««/, and it was obferved that Z^/ors/ was long in writing,
and fenc many Letters, and could not forbear co communicace
to his Intimaccs fuch things as made them laugh in their fleeves,'
and thought he had done their errand fufflciently: .^The Go
vernour

An. 1 6^24. New-Englands Memoriall. 55
vernour and fome of his friends knowing how things ftood in
reference to fome known adverfaries in England, and what hurt
thefe things might do , took a boat and went oue wich the ftiip,
a league or two to fea, and called for all Lyfords and Oldhams
Letters, Mr. ivilliam Pierce bdng Mafter of the fhip, and knew
wellthdr evil dealings, (both in England ^nd here) afforded
them all the afliftance he could; he found about twenty of
Lyfords Letters,"* many of them large, and full of ilan
ders and falfe accufations, tending not only to their prejudice^
but ruine and utter fubverfion^ moft of them they let pafs,
only took copies of thera, buc fome of the moft material, they
fent true copies of them and kept the originals, left he fhould
deny them, and that they might produce his own hand againft
him ; amongft thefe Leecers they found the copies oif two
Leecers, which were fent in a Leecer of his to Mr. fohn P ember'
ton a Minifter, and a great oppofite to the Plancacion •, thefe two
Leecers of which he took the copies, were the one of them
writen by a Gencleman in England to Mr. Brewfter here, the
other by Mr. winflow to Mr. Robinfin in Holland; ac his
coming.away, as the fhip lay at Gravefend, they lying fealed in
the great Cabbin, whiles Mr. ?^/»/Z,aTP was'bufie abouc the af
faires of the fhip, this fly Merchant opens them, takes copies
of* them, and fcals them up again, and not only feals the copies
of them thus. To his Friend and their Adverfary, buc addes
thereto in the Margent many fcurrilous and flouting Annoea-
tions. In the evening the Governour recurned , and they
were fomewhac blank at it • buc after fome weeks when they
Iieard nothing, they then were as brisk as ever, thinking no
thing had heen known, buc all was gone currant, and thac
the Governour went oue buc to difpatch his own Letters.
The reafon why the Governour and the reft concealed thefe
things, was to let things ripen, that they mighc the better dif
cover thdr intents, and fee who were thdr adherents ; becaufe
among chc reft,they found a Leecer of one of ehdr confederaces,'
in which was wriecen,that Mr. Oldham, and Mr. Z^for^i/intended
3 reformation in Church and Goinmon-wealth.an^ as foon as
che

5 6 New-Englands MemortalL An.1624.
theihipwas.gon? they intended CO joyn cogecher and have the
Sacrament ; few of Oldhams Leecers were found in the afore
faid fearch, being fo bad a Scribe as his hand was fcar.ce legible,
yec hs Vfsis as deep in the mifchief as the ocher ; and thinking
they were now ftrong enough, they began to pick quarrels ac
every thing. Oldham bdng called co wacch(according to order)
refufeth CO come, fell oue wieh che Capcain, ca.lledhira Rafcall,
and beggarly Rafcall, and refifted him,and drew his knife ac him,
chough he offered him no wrong, nor gave him any ill terras,
but wich all fairnefs required him to do his duty -, the Gover
nour hearing the tumult, fenc to quiee ie ; but he ranted wich
greac fury, and called chem all Traitors : buc bdr^ commicced
to Prifon, after a while he came eo himfelf, and wich fome flight
punilhraenc was lee go upon his behaviour for furcher Cenfurcj
buc to cue chings fhort, at length it grew to this iffue, thac Ly
ford mth his accomplices, wichouc deher fpeaking one word
eicher co che Governour,. Church or Elder , wiehdrew them
felves, and fet up a publick meeting apart on the Lords-day,
wich fundry fuchinfolenc carriages too long here to relate, be
ginning more publickly to ad chat which thcy had been long
plotting. It was now thought high time to prevent further mifchief, to
call them to account •, fo the Governour calfed a Court, and
fummoned the whole company togher, and they charged Lyford
and 0/.!^^;«?» with fuch things as they were guilty of refpeding
the premifes ; buc chey were ftiff, and ftood rcfolucely upon che
denial of moft things, and reqcured proof; they firft alledged
what was writ, compared with their pradifes here ; that it w.is
evident they joyned in plotting againft chem, and difturbed cheir
peace in ehdr Civil and Church-ftace, which was moft injurious,
for boch they and all the world knew they came hither to enjoy
the liberty of their Confcicnces, in the free ufe of Gods Ordi
nances, and for that end had ventured their lives, and paffed
f hrough fo much hardfhip hitherto, and they and their friends
had born the charge of thefe beginnings, which was not fmall,
and that he (viz,) Lyford, for his part was fent over on this
charge.

An. 1624. Ncw- Englands Jt/fworM/A 57
charge, and both he and. his greac family was maincained on the
fame; and for him to plot againft them, and feek their ruine,
was moft unjurt and periideous.
Buc Z^/ori denied, and made ftrange of fundry things faid
to his charge. Then his Letters were produced, at which he
was ftruck mute. Oldham began to be furious, andcorage,'
becaufe chey Iiad incercepced their Leecers, provoked che peo
ple co Muchiy in fuch words as chefe ; My Mafters, where are
your hearts? now (hew youf courage: you kave often complained
to me fid and fo, now is the time, if you Will do anything, I will
ftand by you, &c. thinking that every one knowing his hu
mour that had fooled & flattered him, or ocherwife; or thac in
thdr Difcontenc uttered .nny thing unto him, would now fide
wich him in open Rebellion: Buc he v/as deceived, for noe a
man opened his mouch, all were filenr.
Then the Governour took pains in Conviding Lyford 0? /lis
Hypocnfie and Treachery, in abufing his friends, in taking Co
pies of their Letters in an under-hand way, and fending them
abroad to their difgrace, &t. and produced them, and his own
Letters under his own Hand, which he could not deny, and.
caufed themto be read before all the people; at which alf hii
Confcdratcs were blank, and had not a word to fay. But after
awhile he began to fay. That fundry had made fame Complaints
unto him, and informed him of divers things: which being there
prefent, and the particulars named to them, theydenied.
Then they dealt with him abouc his Diffembling in the
Church, and thac he profeffed to concur with them in all chings,
and whac a large Confeflion he had made ac his admiecance -
and tbat he held not himfelf a Minifter, till he had a new Cal
ling, <^f. and yet now he contefted againft them, aud drew a
Coinpany apart, and fcqueftred himfdf, -and would go about
to adminifter the Sacraments by his former Calling, without
ever acquathcing them ivith it. In conclufioji he was fully
convided, and burft out into tears, and con&ft he feared he
was a Reprobate, his fins were fo great, that he do&bted that God
yfouUnet pardon them, he Was nnfavomy fait, &c. and that he
X had

58 ]:>ie\v-Eng\an6i Memoriall. An.1624.

had fo Wronged them, as he could never make them amends ^ con-
fefiing all he had written aga'mfl them wa.f falfe and naitghf, both
formatter and manner : And all this he did wich as much fulnefs
as words and tears could exprefs.
After thdr Trial and Convidion, the Coure fencenced chem
to be expelled che Plantation ; fohn Oldham prefendy co de-
pare, chough his Wife and Famiy had libercy co ftay all Wiiiffr,
or longer, uneill he could make provifion co remove chem com
fortably. Lyford had libercy co ftay fix Monchs ; ic was with
fome eye co his rdeafe, if he carried himfelf well in che mean
rime, and chac his Repencance proved found. Lyford acknow
ledged his Cenfure was farre lefs chen he deferved, and after
wards he confeffed his fin publickly in che Church wich cears,
more largdy then before. I fhall here relate it as I finde it
penned by fome who took it from his own mouth as liimfelf
uccered ic.
Acknowledging, That he had done very^ evil, and fianderoufiy
abufed them ; and thinking mofl of the people would take part with
him, he thought to have carried all by violence and flreng hand
agalnfl them , and that God mi^ht jifftly lay innocent blood to his
charge, for he knew not what hurt might have eame by thefe his
Writings, and bleffed God that thcy Were fiayed; and that heffared
not to take knowledge from any of ^ evj that Was fffoken, but
fl^ut his eyes and ears againfi all the good'; and that if God /hould
make him a Vagabond tn the earth, as Was Cain, it was but jufi •
and he confeffed three things to be the caufes qf this his doings.
Pride, Vain-glory, and Self-love : amplifying thefe Heads With
many ocher expreflions in the particulars of them, fo as they
began to conceive good thougncs of him upon his Repencance,
and admicced him co teach amongft them as before ; yea fundry
tender-hearted perfons amongft them were fo taken tyich his
fignsof Sorrow and Repencance, as chey profeffed. chey would
fell upon their knees to have his Cenftif e remitted and rdeafed^
Buc thac whkh made chem all ftand amazed in the end (and may
do all others that fhall come to hear the fame, for a rarer pre-*
fideht can fcarcely be named) was, that after two Months tiraft

An.1625. New-Englands Memoriall. 59
time all his former Confeffions, Convidions, and publick Ac-
knowledgemencs, boch i.n che prefence of God and his Church,
and che whole Company, with fo many Tears, and fad cenfures
of himfelf, he .{hould go again co ju'rtifie whac he had done;
for fecrecly he wroce a fecond Leecer co che Advencurers in The copy of thin
England, in which he juftified all his formeii.>Wricings, fave in i-ttt'.r u extant^
fome things which cended eo their damage. ^j"^*^* itfMtl

1625.
AT che time of thdr Eledion Court, fohn Oldham came
again amongft them'; and though ie was a pare of his
Cenftire for his former Mutiny, Not to return without leave
firft obtained, yee he prefumed wichpue leave ac all co come, be
ing fee on and hardened by the ill counfel of others ; and noe
onely fo, buc fuffered his unruly pafl[ion to run beyond tha
bounds and limits of all Reafon and Modefty, infomuch thac
fome ftrangers that were with him were afhamedof his out
rage, aiid rebuked hira : bue all Reproofs were but as Oyl co
the fire, and raade the flame of his choller the greater. ' He
called chem all co naughe in his fury, an hundred Rebels and
Traytors : bue in condufion, chey Commicced him untill he was
tamer, and then appointed a Guard of Musketeers, which ha
was to pafs thorow, and every one was ordered to give him
a blow on his Hinder-parts wich the Butt-end of his Musket,
and then he was conveyed to the Water-fide, where a Boat was
ready to carry him away, with this Far ewel I, Ga and mend yotir'
Manners. After the removal'of his Family, he fell into fome ftraighcs,
and abouc a year after incendcda Voyage to Virginia: and fo
it pleafed God, that himfelf and fundry paffengers being in the
Barque, they were in greac danger, fo as chey defpaired of life,
and fell co Prayer, and co Examinacion of thdr Hearts and
Confciences, and confeffed fuch fins as raoft burthened them;
I 2 and

6o New-Englands Memortali. An.1625.
andthe (aid fohn Oldham did raake a free and large Confeffion
of the wrongs he had done to the Church and People at Pli-
wff^f^ in many particulars ; that as he had fought their Ruine,
fa God had now met wilh him, and might deftroy him ; yea, he
feared that they all fared the -worfe for his fake : He prayed God
to forgive him, and made Vows, That if the Lord fpared hrs
life, he would become otherwife. "This was reported by fome of
good Credit not long fince living in the Maflachufets Bay, that
were themfelves partners in the fame danger, which was on
the Sholes of Cape Cod.
It pleafed God to fpare thdr lives, buc chey loft their voyage;
mwas itrnxA and in time afterwards the faid Mr. fohn Olaham carried him-
fdtflrirkel ^^'^ '^^''^^y towai-ds chem, and acknowledged che hand of God
and extremelj ^^ he wich them, and feemed to have an honourable refped of
paffmate, them, and fo far made his peace wieh them, as he had liberty to
wh'tch marred go and come at his pleafure, and in fome time after went on tra-
rfhtmm Sing in a fmall veffd amongft the Indians, and bdng weakly
mm ofthm.' ^^^^^^, '^pon fome quarrel betwixt them, they flew hftn with
an hacchec: this his deach bdng one ground of the Pequot war,
of -which afterwards in its proper place.
Tiie time bdng expired that Mr. fohn Lyford his Cenfure was
CO cake place, he was fo far frora anfwering thdr hopes by a-
mendmcne, as he had doubled his evil, as before-mentioned.
Bue firft behold che hand of God concerning him, wherein chat
PfaJ.? IJ oi the Pfalmift is verified, he hath made a pit and digged it, andis
fallen into the pit that he made: bethought to bring fhame and
difgrace upon them, bue inftead of that, opens hisown to all the
world; for his wife who was a prudent fober woman, taking
notice of his falfe and deceitful carriage about the premifes, in
grief of minde exprcffed her fears, that God would bring upon
himfelf and his family, fome fad judgement for thefe and other
his wicked pradifes, and related thac he had a Baflard by ano
ther woman, before marriage with her, which he denied to her
with an oach, but it afterwards appeared to be fb : and another
mifcarriage of the like nacure, more odioully circmnftanced,
was alfo difcovered, for vAich he was forced to leave Ireland; and

An.i(525^ New-Englands Memori&U. <5i
andfo CAmeNerv- England to be troubled with him. Bdng
banifhed hence, he went firft co Nantasket, then to Salem, and
after co Virginia, where he fhorcly after died.
I have been too tedious in my relacing'the plots of thefe
wicked Machavillians : But to conclude, the Reader may take
nofice, that God obferved and brought to nought their wicked
devices,was a defence to the innocent, and caught them in the
fnares they privily layed for them,punifhing one fin by another,
until he had accompliflied the freedom of his Ifrael, by the
overthrow of his and their enemies ; for which his. mercy, let
his holy Name be praifed for evermore.
This ftorm thus blown over, yet fundry fad effeds followed;
for the company of the Merchant Advencurers brake in pieces
hereupon, and che greaceft pare wholly deferced the Colony,buc
yec God took care of it ; for alchough fundry of them fell off
and adventured no more cowards che fupport thereof, buc ra
ther proved manifeft adverfaries thereunto then otherwife -. and
the reft, partly becaufe chey were grown ( fome of chem ) low
in ehdr eftaces, and chere bdng fmall hopes of recurns co cheir
expeddtions ; alchough courceous in words and well wifhes,
yee afforded lictle or no help after this, fo that the Plancacion
was fain CO ftand on cheir own legs, being indeed marvelloufly
fupporced by che Lord, for ic pleafed him. fo to blefs their en
deavours, as that they raifed great crops of Indian Corn (abouc
this cime ) fo as chey had enough, and co fpare, and began co
have choughcs of improving pare of it in a Way of trading
wichche/W/<rw, and having only two fhallops, and no bigger
veffels,theylaid a deck oft the one of them in chemidfliips,to pre
ferve che corn dry from weacher, & fo fenc her laden wich corn
to a place call'd Kenebek,d.hout fifty leagues offeo thcEaftwards:
and nocwichftanding chey were ftrangers CO che way, and place
of crade, and CO che people, and having no feamen co go wich
them, and ae chat feafon, bdng che laccer end ofthe year and
drawing on.to winter , yet ic pleafed God to preferve them,
and fo to blefs thdr endeavours, as that they recurned in fafecy,
and with good fucccfs,ic bdng die firft enterprife they atchieved
I 3 in

62 New-Englands Memoriall. An.1625.
in chis kind (ac leaft ) fo far, and ic proved an inlec CO a further
trade, which was greatly beneficial co them afterwards.
And herel may noe omic the obfervable difpenfation of Gods
providence, refpeding his dealing wich the Advencurers fore-
mentioned, in reference unco cwo fhips chey fenc unto Chefe
pares abouc that cime, on a fifhing voyage only upon cheir own
accoune, having left che Plantation co fliift for themfelves ; one
of thefe fliips was a fmall one ( viz. ) the fames forenamed,
Zoo weight of which was well J.iden with good Cor fifli, and in her a greac
^"¦''^"¦> '*^"'' quantity likewife of Beaver and other furs, which was fent by
*« 'dwaltiti ^'^^ Plancacion to the Advencurers, and returned for England :
the ocher fhip was alfo laden wich good dry fifli, and fhe alfo
recurned with her ; bdngchuswell fraighced, they went to
gether lovingly snd joyfully away, the greater fhip towing che
leffec at her ilern all the way over-bound, and had fuch fair
weather, as diey never caft her off, till they were fhot deep
into the EngUfli Chanel, almoft wicliin fighc oi PLmouth, and ycc
therefhe was unhappily caken h^iTurkj-man of war, & carried
inco Sally, where the Mafter and Men were made Slaves, and
many of the Beaver-skins were fold for four pence a piece.
Thus were all ehdr hopes daflied in ehis refped, and the joy-
full News chey wene co carry home, turned inco heavy Tidings.
Some choughe chis a Hand of God for fome unkindnefs fhewed
to the Plantation, by exadion upon chem in reference co a par
cel of goods chey a liccle before had fenc over co chem on ex
treme Races: Buc Gods Judgements are unfearchable, neither
ougheweco be coo bold cherewith. Euc however, ic fhews
useheuncercainty of all humane things, and whac little caufe
there is in joying in them, or crufting co chem.
In the bigger of thefe Ships Capcain Miles Stand'ifli went
ovcr as Agent in the behalf of thePjantation, in reference un
to fome particulars yec depending bccwixe them and the Ad
venturers ; as alfo CO the Honourable Council of New-Eng
land: and nocwichftanding fome Difficulty he mee with in his
occalions, by reafon of che Peflilencc which was then fo hoe
\n che City of London, yec he accomplifhed his bufinefs io, as
he

An. 1 626. New-Englands Memoriall. 63
he left chings in a fair way for fucure Compofition betwixe the
faid Merchant-AdvencurerS and che -Plancacion : and he fpake
alfo with fome of the Honourable Coundl afore-named, who
promifed all helpfnlnefs co che Plantation chac lay in chem.
About chis timeic picafed che LordJikewife to give chem pc^ce,
health, and good fuccefs on ehdr endeavours, his holy Name^
be praifed.

I 6 1 6,
ABouc the beginning of April, they heard of Captain
Standi^ his arrival, and fenc a boac co fetch him home ;
welcome he was, buc che news he broughc was fad in raany re
gards, not only in regard of the forementioned loffes which
their friends had fuffered, and fome of them dead ofthe Plague,
buc alfo chac Mr. ^0^^ Robinfon cheir Paftor was dead, which cMr. John-
ftruck chem with much forrow and fadnefs, as they h.id great Robinfon's
caufe : his and ehdr adverfaries, had been long and continually '*'"'''•
plotting, how chey mighc hinder his coming meo New-England,
bue now the Lord had appoinced him to goa greacer joufncy,at
lefs charge, co a beccer place.
Bucbeforel pafs things concerning this Worchy Servant" of
Chrift Mr. ^o^» Robinfon, I fhall here infert the honourable
teftimony "that Vlr. william Bradford fenior hach left behinde
him, concerning him, bdng gl^atly acquainted with his worth
and excellency,
Sskhhe, fuch was'ihe mutual luve and reciprocal refp'efl that
this worthy man had to his fiock, "-^^ ^¦^ ffockto.him, that it rhight
be faid of them, as it was once of that famous Emperour.^MarCns
Aurelius and the people of Rome, That it was hard h judge
whahir he delighted more in hav ing fif cha People, qr they in having
^chA Paftor. Hue to return.
V Captain J'^Wij® likewife brought the fad news of the death ^ ^ , ^t-
"Oi Ux.jRtbert Cujh^((n,xheit ancient friend, whom the Lord ^^^ Robert
IQOk.Cuiliman.

^4 New-Englands MemonaU. An. 1627,
took away alfo this year (about the fame time) who was as
their right hand with cheir friends che Advencurers, and for di
vers years had done and agicaced all thdr bufinefs with them to
their greac ad v.intage, of whom occafionally chere hach been
honourable mention formerly made in chis Book.
Abouc chis cime they received divers Letters frora their
friends zt Leyden in Holland, full of fad lamencaeion for their
heavy lofs by the deach of cheir Paftor Mr. Robinfon above-
named; and alchough ehdr wills were good to come over to
thdr brethren in New-England, yet ehey faw no probabiliey of
raeans how ie might be effeded, but conduded ( as it were ) that
all their hopes was cut off, and many being aged, began to drop
away by death. All which things before rdated, bdng well
weighed and laid together, ic could noe buc ftrike them wich
greac perplexicy, and co look humanely on che ftate of things
as they prefented themfelves at this time , ic is a marvel ic did
not wholly difcourage and fink chcm,but chey gathered up their
fpirits, and the Lord fo helped thera ( whofe work they had in
hand ) as now when they were very low, they began to rife a-
gain ; and being ftripped ( in a manner ) of all humane helps
and hopes, he brought things aboue otherwife in his divine
providence, fo as they were not only upheld and fuftained, buc
their proceedings both honoured and imicaced by ochers, as by
the fequel will appear.

I 6 Z J.
THis Year they fent Mr. Ifaac Allerton for England, and
gave him order to make a Compofition with the Adven
turers, in reference unto fome particulars betwixt the Planta
tion and them, which Captain Standifli had begun, as is before
hinted, and ac thc ordinary feafon of the year ( for the expe
dation of fhips ) he returned with fome fuccefs in the bufinefs
he was imployed in. Ukcwife

An.i527. New-Englands .A/fwm'/i//. ^  ^5
Likewife chis Year chey began to make fome diftribution of
Lands, having had hitherto buc co every perfon one Acre al
lowed him as co propriety, befides tiidr Home-fteads, or Gar-
den-plocs ; che reafon was chac chey mighc keep cogecher, both
for more fafecy and defence, and che beccer Improvement of
the general Imployraehcs : which condicion of theirs brings to
minde that which may be read in Phny oi the Romans firft be- ^^-^^ ^^j, ^j
ginnings in Romulus time, how every raan contented himfelf (^yp I.
with two, A,cr6s of Land, and had no more afligned them: and
chap. 3. ft was thought a great Reward to receive at the hands of
the People of Rome a Pinte of Corn ; and long after, the great
eft Prefent given to a Captain that had got a Vithry over their E-
nemies. Was as much ground as he could Till ino^eday^ and he
was not accounted a good, but a dangerous man, that Vnouldnot
conten.t himfelf witb feven Acres of Land ; as alfo how they did
pound their Corn in Mortars, as thefe people were forced to do
many years before thcy could get a Mill.
Nocwichftanding as abovefaid, fo fmall a portion of Land
ferved chem ac the firft, yet afterwards for divers Reafons
moving thereunco,ehey were ncceflicaeed co lay oue fome larger
Proportions to each perfon ; yec refolving to keep fuch a mean
in diftribution of Lands, as fhould not hinder their growth by
ochers coming co chem , and therefore accordingly allotted to
every one in each Family Twenty Acres co be laid out , five
Acres in breadth by the Water-fide, and four Acres in
lengch, I may noe omic che infercing of a p.irticular thac fell oue this
year, in reference uneo a Ship wieh many Paffengers in her, and
fome confiderable goods, which was bound for Virginia, who
had loft chemfelves ac Sea, deher by the infufficiency of the
Mafter, Or his illnefs (for he was fick, and lame of the Scurvy,
fo as he could hue lye in the Cabbin-door and give diredion,
pnd ( ic fliould fccm ) was badly aflifted cither wich Mace or
Marriner.s) or elfe che fear of, and che unrulinefs of che Paf
fengers was fuch, as they made them fteer a Courfe between
theSolJthweftandNorthweft, that they might fall wich fome
K Land.

66 N^w-Englands A^fwor//i//. An. 1627.
Land, whatever ic was they cared not, for they had- been fix
weeks ae Ses and had no Beer, nor Wacer, nor Wood left, buc
had burnt up all cheir (=mpcy Cask, ondy one of the Company
had a Hogfhead of Wine or cwo, which was alfo almoft fpent,
foas chey feared chey fhould be ftarved ac Sea, or confumed
with Difeafes, which made chem run this defperace Courfe,
Buc ie pleafed God, chac although they came fo near thc Sholes of
Cape Cod, or elfc ran ftumbling over chem in che nighc chey
knew noe hov/, chey came before a fmall Harbour chsc liecfi
abouc die middle of Mamamoiet Bay, co che Souchward of
Crff^Cc^, and wich a fmall gale of wuid, and about a high wa-'
ter, couched upon a Barre of Sand chac lieth before ic, buc h,id
no hurt, the Sea being fmooeh fo chey laid oue an Anchor ;
buc cowards EvCEing che wind fprang up ae Sea, and was fo
rough as brake cheir Cable , and beac chem over the
Barre into che Harbour, where they faved cheir Lives and
Goods : for although wich much beacmg chey had fprung a
butc-end of a Plank, yec chey foon goe over, and ran upon a
dry f lace within che Harbour clofe co a Beach, and ac a low
water got oue ehdr Goods, and were noe a liccle glad thac chey
had faved thdr Lives. Buc when chey had refreflied chem
felves, not knowing where chey were, nor whac to do, were
much troubled , buc foon after faw fome Indian: come towards
them in Canooes, which made them ftand upon thdr guard,
but when they heard fome of them fpeak Englifli, chey were
noe a liccle revived , efpecially when chey heard chem ask whe
ther they were noe che Governour of Pllmouths Men , oi-
Friends, and chac chey would bring chem co che Englifh houfes,
or carry thdr Letcers : snd when they had feafted thefe In
dians, and given chem many gifts, chey fenc cwo men and a Let
ter wich them to the Governour oi Plimouth,hy which he had in
telligence of ehdr condition, and tookordcr for ehdr fupply, 1
they hoping by mending of their Ship co recover hercogo to
Sea again, and accordingly did mend her ; buc afterwards ha-
viag but bad Moring, W.1S put on fhore ag.iin, and fuffered fo
much fliipwrack as fhe never got off more , but all die Com pany

An.i:6z7. New-Englands Memeriall. 67
pany were forced to repair to PAw5»r^, where they continued
the beft part of a year, being tour ceou fly entercained, and fo
were difperfed.: The greaceft pare of them went co' Virginia,
and fome remained in the Country. The chief amongft chem
were Mr. Fells, Mr; Sibfey, and che Mafters Name was fohnfton
a Scotfman. This Year the Plancacion of Plimouth received Meffages the Batch IM
from the Dutch Plantation, fent unco chem from the Goyer- trading in theft
nour there, wriceen boch in Dutch and French: The fum q.^ Southern parts
the Leecers forementioned were. To Congraculace che Z'b^///;^ f'mtktnU^
here, taking notice of much that mighc engage thera to a friend- clL, but ^hiy
ly Correfpondency and good Neighbourhood, as, Thepropin- began no Tliin.
quicyof ehdr Native Counery, Their long continued Friend- tation until af.
fhip, d-c. and defired to fall inco a way of fome Commerce ^^ t^' ^^^J'l^
and Trade with chem. / - Zre'CT
To which thc Governour and Council of P//?wfl«r/5i returned
.anfwcrable courteous acceptance of their loving Propofitions,
refpedingcheir good Neighbourhood in general, and particu
larly for Commerce : And accordingly che Dutch noe longafter
fenc cheir Secrecary Mr. Ifaac de Rofier with Leecers and goods,
who laid the foundation of a Trade thac coneinued between
them many years after , to thdr mutual benefit. They alfo
brought the £k^///^ acquainced wich the trading of wampv.m-
pf^^jUncill chen luclc known co us, nor efteemed by us, bue was
after of good valuacion, and proficable. Alchough for the fpace
of 20 years ic was of greac efteem amongft' che Natives in divers
pares of che Country, fo as ic made the Indians in chefe pares
Rich, Proud and "Powerful , yec untill they had ftore of it, chey
could not accain EngUffi Ammunition, buc were fain co im
prove eheir own Artillery of Bowes and Arrows : Bue when
as ehey learned co make ftore of wampam, chey furnifhed chem
felves wich Guns, Powder and Shoe, which no Laws can re
train, by reafon of che bafenefs of fundry unworchy pei'fons,
both Englifli, Dutch and French, which may turn to thc ruine
of many: for hitherto the Indians oi chefe pares had no
pieces, nor other Arms but thdr Bowes and Arrows and Clubs,
K 2 nor

68 New-Englands Memoriall. An. 162 8,

nor of many years after ;neither durft they fcaree handle a Gun,
chough out of kelter, itwas a terrour to them : but thofe /«-
dians to the Eaftern parts which had Commerce wich the
French, gofPieces of them, and they in the end made a com
mon Trade of it ; and in tirae our Englifli Fifhermen, led with
the like Coyecoufnefs, followed thein example for thdr own
gain : buc upon Complaint againft them, it pteafed the Kings
Majefty to prohibit- che fame by a ftrid Proclamation, Com
manding that no fort of Arms or Ammunition fhould by any 0/
His SubjeEls be Traded With thsm.

r\

I tf 2 8.
*His Year died Mr. Richard warren, who hath been men
tiooed before in this Book, and was an ufeful Inftrumenr,
and during his life bare a deep fliare in the Difficulties and
Troubles of the- firfl Settlement of the Plantation oi New
Plimouthi,
tbii Gentle- Whereas about three years before this timethere came over
tmoSmlh <>?fi ^Pt3'" '^'"'^#'»i a man of confiderable parts, and with
ufe'd&althaugh ^^^ ^hrct Or four more of fome Eminency, who-brought with
hecmeontr 'in them a great many Servants, with Proyifions, and ©ther Re-
year i6ii- yst quifices for to b^ifl 3 Plantation, and picched themfelves in a
thefe paffages place wichin the Maffachufets Bay, which they called after-
mnZTeUoiit pi^ds by thdr Optains Name, Mount wollaflo»; which place
about this year, '^ fincc-calledby the Name of Braintry. And amongft ochers
and' therefore- that Came with him, there was one Mr. Thomas Morton, who
referred to this it fhould feem had fome fmall Adventure of his own or other
place. tnens amongft them, but had Uttle^refped, andwas flighted by
the meaneft Servants they kepr. They having continued fome
dme in New-England, and not finding things to anfwfir thdr
Expedation, rnor Profit to arife as tbey looked for, the faid
Captain Woltafton takes a great part of the Servants, and tranf-
pwtsihan £0/<7r^/»w, and difpofed of thcnvchere, and writes back.

An. 1 628. New-Englands Memoridll. 69
back to one Mr. Rafdale,one of bis chief partners, (& accounted
their Merchanc ) co bring another pare of chem co Vir
ginia likewife, ineending co pue them off there, as he had done
che reft ; and he wich the confenc of che faid Rafdale, appoinced
one whofe Name was Fikher co be his Lieuccnane, and co go
vern the remainder of the Plantation , uneill he or Rafdale
fhould cake funher order cher.eabouc.
Buc the aforefaid Morton ( having more craft then honefty )
h.iying been a Petty- fogger at Furnivals Inne ; he in the others
abfence watches an opportunity (Commons being buc hard a-
niong them) and got fome ftrong drink, and other junkecs, and
made chem a feaft, and after chey were merry, he began to cell
them he would give chem good Counfel .- you fee (faieh he) thac
many of your fellows are carried co Virginia, and if you ftay ftifl
until Rafdales recurn, you will alfo be carried away and fold for
flaves with che reft ; cherefore I would advife you eo chruft out
this Lieuccnane F;7f^fr, and I having a pare in the Plantacion,
will receive you as my parcners and confotiaees, fo may you be
fr'eefromfervice, and we will Converfe, Plane, Trade and live
together as equals ( or to thc like effed ) This counfel was eafi- ^/iJ^'M ^f'
ly followed, fo they took opportunity, and thruft Lieucenant Jf^fei^li.
Filcher out oi doors, and would noe fuffer him to come any cnentment.
more amongft them, bue forced him co feek bread co eat, and
ocher neceffaricsamongft his neighbours, till he could get paf
fage for England.
After this they fell to great licentioufnefs of life, in all pro-
phanefs, and the faid Morton became Lord of mifrule, and main
tained ( as it were ) a fchool of Atheifm, and after they had got
fome goods ineo thdr hands, and got much by trading wich che
Indians, they fpent it as vainly, in quaffing and drink
ing both Wine and ftrong Liquors, in great excefs (as fome
have reported) Ten pounds worth in a Morning, fecting up a
May-pole, drinking and dandng about ic, and frisking abouc ir,
like fo many Fairies or Furies rather ,yea and worfe pradifes, as
if they had anew revived and celebrated the feaft ofthe Romans
Goddcfs Flora, or chc beaftly pradifes of the mad Bacchana
K 3 lt*»f>

IO New-Englands Memoriall, An. 1628
Urns. The faid Morton likewife to fliew his Poetry, compofed
fundry Rythnies and Verfes, forae tending co ladvionfncfs, and
others CO rhe detradion and fcanda! of feme perfons naraes,
which he affixed co his Idle or Idol May-pole : they changed alfo
the name of their platre, and inftead of calling ic Mount wol-
lafton, chey called ic che Merry Mount, as if chis jollicy would
have lafted alwayes. Bue chis continued not long, for fhorcly
afck, chac'Woiihy Gencreman Mr. J^o^ff -Ew^/cor, wlio brought
overa Pacent under che Broad Seal of England fox che Gover n-
rnenc of che Maffachufets , vificing thefe parts , caufed thac
j^/^r-p/e to be cut down, and rebuked them for their propha-
nefs,and admonifhed them to look eo it chae chey walked beccer;
fo the name was again changed, and called Mount Dagon.
Now to maintain this riotous Prodigalicy and profufe
expence, the faid Morton thinking himfdf lawlefs, and hearing
tvliat gain the Fifhermen made of trading of Pieces, Powder
and Snot ; be as head of this confortfhip, began the pradice
of thefamein thefe pares : and firft he caught che Indians how
toufechem, to charge and difcharge them-, and what propor
tion of powder to givethe Piece, according to the fize or big-
nefsof the fame, andwhat fhot CO ufe for Fowl, and what for
Deer: andhaving chus inftruded" chem, he imployed fome of
them'CO-Hunc and Fowl for him ; foas ehey became fomewhac
more adive in that imploymenc chen any of the Engliflr, by
reafon of cheir fwifcnefs of foot, and nimblenefs of body, being
alfo quick-fighted, and'by continual exercife, well jinowing che
hauncef all fores of game; ib-as when chey faw the execution
thac a Piece would do, and the benefit chat mighc come by the
fame, ehey became very eager after thera-, and would not ftick
to give any price they could attain to for them ; accounting
cbeir Bows and Arrows buc babies in comparifon of t,hem.
And here we may take occafion to bewail the -mifchief whif h
came by this wicked man, and others like unto hirayin that
notwithftandirjg all laws,for tl;^reftraint of felling Ammunition
to the Natives, that fo far bafe covetoufnefs prevailed, and dof^
ftill prevaili as chat the Salvagei\>w^xt.e amply fumiihed with
Guns,

An.i628. New-Englands Memoriall. 71
Guns, Powder, Shoe, Rapiers, Fiftols, and alfo well-skilled in
repairing of defedive Arms : yea fome have not fpared to
tell them how Gun-powder is made, and all the materials in
It, and that they are to be had in their own Land ; and would
(no doubt, in ca-fe they could attain to che making oi Salt-Peter)
teach them to make Powder : and whac mifchief may fall out
unco the Englifli m chefe parts chereby, lee chis pdHlenc fel
low Morton (aforenamed) bear a greac pare of che blame
and guile of ic co fucure Generations. Buc left I fhould hold
the Reader too fong in the relation of the particulars of his
vile adings ; when as the Englifh chac then lived up and down
about the Maffachufets, and in other places, perceiving the fad
confequences of his trading, (o s.s the Indians became furniflied
with che Englifh Arms & Ammunition, and experc in che impro
ving of chem,and fearing chey fhould ac one time or anocher gee
a blow chereby ; and alfo caking notice, thac if he were lee a-
lone in his way, chey fhould keep no fervanes fcr hini , becaufe
he would eneeueain any how vile foever : Sundry of the chief
of che ftragling Planeations mee cog.eeher, and agreed by mu
tual confenc co fend to Plimouth, who were then of more
ftrength to joyn wieh them, to fupprefs this mifchief: who
confidering the particulars propofed to them to joyn together
to take fome courfe wich him, and finding thera weighty, agreed
together CO cake fome fpeedy courfe, to prevenc (if ie mighc
be ) the evil that was accrewing towards them ; and refolved
firft to admonifh him of his wickednefs refpeding che premifes,
laying before him che injury he did co their common fafety, and
thac his ading concerning che fame, was againft che Kings Pro
clamation: buc heinfolendy perfiftedon inhis way, and faid,
the King was dead, and his dif pleafure With hi'm, and threatned
them that if they came to moleft him, they flould lookto themfelves ;
fo chac they faw chere was no way buc to take him by force : fo
they refolved CO proceed in fuch a way, and obtained of che
Governour of Plimouth, co fend Capcain Standifli and fome
ocher aid with him, co cake che faid Morton by force, the which
accordingly was done ; but they found him to ftand "ftifly onhis

7i New-Englands Memoriall. An. 1628-

his defence, having made faft his doors, at med his Conforcs, fet
Powder and Shoe ready upon che Table , fcoffed and fcorned
ac them, and he and his Complices bdng filled with ftrong
drink, were dcfperate in cheir way .- buc he himfelf coming oue
of doors CO make a fhoe ac Cflptain Standilh,he ftepping co him,
pue by his Piece and cook hini, and fo liccle hure was done ; and
fohc was broughc Prifoner CO fZ/wtf////', and continued in du
rance until an opporcunicy of fending him for England, which
was done ac ehdr common charge, and Letters alfo with him, co
the honourable Council for iVf^-J^B^/^W, and recurned again
inco che Counery in fome fhore cime, with lefs punifhment then
his demerits deferved ( as was apprehended. )
ThcYcar following he was again apprehended, and fent for
E*>gland, where he lay a confiderable time in E.xeter Goal : for
befides lusmifcarriage here in New-England, he was fufpeded
to have murehered a raan chat had veneured monies wich him,
\Mhenhe amefix^'mto New-England; and a warrane was fenc
Q^er iromthe Lord Chief fufiice to apprehend him, by virtue
whereof, he was by che Governour of chc Maffachufets fent
ineo England, and for other of his raifdemeanors amongft
them in that Government, they demolifhed his Houfe, that ic
might no longer be a rooft for fuch unclean Birds ; Notwith
ftanding he got free in Z'»^/;««i/ again, and wroce an Infamous
and Scurrilous Book againft many godly and chief men of the
Country, full.of lies and flanders, and full fraught wich pro
phane calumnies againft ehdr Names and Perfons, and che
wayes of God. Buc to the intent I may not trouble the
Reader any more with mentioning of him in this Hiftory : In
fine, fundry years after he came again into^ thc Country, and
was imprifoned ac Bofton for the aforefaid Book and other
things, but denied fundry things therein, affirming his BooJc
was adulterated. . And foon after bdng grown old in wicked
nefs, at laft ended his life at Pafcataqua. But I fear I have held
thcReader too long about fo unworthy a perfon, but hope it
may be ufeful to take nocice how wickednefs was beginning,
and would liave furcher proceeded, had ic noe been prevented
timely. 1629.

An.r629. New- BngUnds MemortalL  73
I 6 z 9.
THisYear fundry ships came out of England, and arrived
ac Neumkeakf where Mr. fohn Endicot had chief Com- Wjw caUtd
mand; andby Infcdion thac grew amongft the Paffengers at Sakra.
Sea, ie fpread alfo araong thera on fhore, of which many died,
fome of liteScurvy, and other of infedious Feaver s. Mr. En
dicot undcrftanding that there was one at Plimouth that had
skill in fuch Difeafes, fenc thither for him ; at whofe Requeft
he was fent unto them : And afterwards, acquaintance and
Chriftian love and Correfpondency came on betwixt the faid
Governour, and the faid Mr. Endicot ; which was furthered
by Congratulatory Letters that paffcd betwixt each other : one
whereof, becaufe it fliews the beginning of thdr Chriftian fd
iowQiip, I ftiall here infert.
The Copy of a Letter from Mr. Endicot ro
Mr. Bradford^ as followeth.
Right Worjhipfull Sir.,
TTisathingnotufttall, that Servants to one M^dct, W ;J/£"Jj,{t"J
-«¦ ofthe fame HoafhoU, Jhould be firangers-., l ajfitre you Afr! Bradford.
/ defire it not : nay, to fpeak more plainly 1 1 cannot be fo to
you. Cods People are all marked mth me and the fame
mark, and have for the main one and the fame heart, guided
by one and the fame Spirit ef Truth ; and where this is 3 there
can be no dtfcord, ntyhere mufi needs be a fmet harmony :
andthe fame requefi iyviih yotf) j make unto the Lord, that
we as Chriftian Brethren bs united by an heavenly and un
feigned teve^ bending all our heart 5 and forces in furthering
« Work^ beyond our firength^ with reverence and fear j fafi-

L

mng

74 New-Englands MemonaU. An. 1629.
ning our eyes alwayes on htm that u onely able to direci and
pTofper all our wayes, / acknowledge my felf much botind
to- you for your kinde love and care in fending Mr. Fuller
amo*}gB tu , and rejoyce much that 1 am by him fatisfed
touching- ymir fudgement of the Outward Form of Cods Wor-
jhfp : It is {as farre as I can gather) no eiherthen is war
ranted by the Evidence of Truth, and the fame which I have
frofeffedand maintained ever fince the Lord in mercy rC'
vealed himfilf mite me, being farr^ from the^common RC"
port' that hath been fpread cf you touching that particular :
but Gods children mufl^ not look^for lefs here below ; and ii
is a great mercy of God that he firengtbneth them to ga
through it. ' / ^ali net need at this time to enlarge.- unto you^
fir {God willifig) / pttrpofe to fee your face fliortly : in the
mean time I humbly takf my leave cfyou^ commuting you
to the Lords blefling and pretenfion, and reft
Ndumkeak', May t r . Tour affured hving Friend,
I 629- JOHN ENDICOT.
In the three Ships thac came over this year to Ji!?/fw in the
Month of 7««f ,. befides many godly Chriftiaxis, there came
over three Minifters ; two of them, Mr. Skelton and Mr. Hi^
ginfan, were Non-conformifts, who having fuffered much in
their Native Land upon thac account, they came over with a
profcffed intention of pradifing Church-Rdbr mation : rhe
third Minifter Mr. Bright Was a Conformift, who not agredng
jn judgement wich the other two, he removed to Charlftown,
where alfo not agreeing wich thofe godly Cltriftians chere that
were for Reformation, after one years ftay ia the Country he
recurned for England. But Mr. Higginfon and Mr. Skelton,
in purfuance of che ends of their coming over into chis Wil
dernefs, acquainted the Governour Mr. Endicot, snd the reft
of the godly People whom they found Inhabitants of the place, 'and

An. 1 629. >icw-E{\§\ands ^Memoriall. 7^
and the chief .of the Paffengers thac came over with them, with;
thdr profcffed inccncions , and confuleed wich them about
feeling a Reformed Congregation; from whom they found a
general and hearty Concurrence,fo thac afeer fome Conference
together abouc chis matter, they picched upon the^f'i oi Auguft
for their entring inco a folemn Covenane wieh God,and one an
other, and alfo for che Ordaining of theii- Minifters ; of which'
they gave nocice to the . Church of Plimouth (chat bdng che
onely Church chatwas in theCountry before them) the people
made choice of Mr. Skelton for their Paftor, and Mr. Higginfon
for 'their Teacher. And accordingly it was defired of Mr.
Higginfon to draw up a Confeflion of Faieh and Covenane in
Scripcure-languagC; whidi being done, was agreed upon^
And becaufe chey fofefaw chac this Wildernefs mighebe looked
upon as a place of Liberty, and therefore might in time be
troubled wich erroneous fpirics, therefore they did put in one
Article inco the Ow/fj^oK.o/ Faith on purpofe about the Duty
and Power of the Magifirate in Matters of Religion. Thirty
Copies of the forcfaid Cfl»/fj^o» 0/ Faith and Covenant bdng
written out for che ufe of thirty perfons who were to begin the
Work. When thc fixch of Auptft came, it was kepe as a day
of Fafting and Prayer, in which after the Sermons and Prayers
of che two Minifters, in the end of theday^ the forcfaid Con
feffion of Faith and Covenant bdng folemnly read, the fore-
named perfons did folemnly profefs their Confent thereunto:
and then proceeded to the Ordaining of Mr. Skelton Paftor,
and Mr. Higginfon Teacher of the Church there. " Mr. Brad
ford the Qosernonr oi Flimostth, and forae others with him,
coming by Sea, were hindred by crofs winds that they could
not be chere at the beginning of the day, buc they came inco
thc Affembly afterward, and gave chem the right hand of fel-
lowfhip, wifhing all profpericy, and a bleffed fuccefs uncofucfi
good beginnings. After wliich, ac feveral times many ochers
joyned co chc Church in che fame way. The Confeffion of
Faith andCovenant.^orementioned, was acknowledged ondy
as 3 Diredion pointing unto chac Faieh and Covenant concatned

76 New Eng)ands Memoriall. An. 1629.
incheholy Scripture, and therefore no man was confined untO
that form of words, but onely to tbe Subftance, End and Scope
of the matter contained therein : And for the Orcumftantia!
rnanner of joyningto the Church, it was ordered according
to che wifdome and faichfulnefs of the Elders; together with
the libercy and abilicy of any pafon. HeUcc it was, that fOme
were admitted by exprefltngtheir Confenc to that Written Con-
frffion of Faith and Covenant ; Others did anfwcr to qucftions
abourthe Prindples of Religion that were publickly propound
ed to them ; fome did prefent their Confeffion in writing;
which was read for them ; and fome that were aWe and wil
ling, did make their Confeflion in thdr own words and way :
A due refped was alfo had unto the Converfations of men,
vtK,. that they were without Scandal. But fome of the Paf<-
fengers that came over at the fame time, obferving that the
Minifters did not at all ufe the Book of Comrmn-Pneyer; and
that they did adminifter Bapcifm and the Lords Supper without
the Ceremonies, and that they profcffed alfo to ufe Difcipline
in the Congregation againft fcandalous perfons, by aperfoiial
application of thc Word of God as the cafe might require,
and that fome tbat were fcandalous were denied admiflion into
the Church, they began to raife fome trouble : of thefe -Mr.
Samuel Brown and his Brother were the chief, the one being a
Lawyer, theocher a Merchanc, boch of them amongft the nnm-
ber of the firft Patentees; men of Eftates, and men of Parts
and port in the place. Thefe two Brothers, gathered a Com
pany together in a phceiiiftind from the publick Affembly,and
there fundry times the Book of Comman-Prayerw^s read unto
fuch as reforted thieher. The Governour Mr. Endicot tafif!^
notice of the- dillurbance that began togr ow amongft the peo
ple by this means, he convented the two Brothers before him.
Thcy accufed the Minifters as departing from the Orders .of tbe.
Church of England, thai they were Separatiffs, and Would
be Anabaptiflf, &c. but for themfelves, they \\>eufd hold te tie
Orders of the Church of England. The Minifters anfwcred
for themfetves, They were neither Separactfts nor AnabaptiftSjf

An.i<S29. New-Englands Mernoridl. 77
they did not feparate from the C/'//rc/jo/" England, mr from the
Ordinances af God there, but onely from the Corruptions and Dif
order s there; znd that thej came away from the Common- Prayer
and Ccremonies,and had fuffered much for their Non-Conformity ¦
iyt their Native Land, and they ef ore being in a place where they
mighthave their liberty, they neither could nor would ufe them, be
caufe they judged the impofnionof thefe things toSe finful Cor-
ruptioKs in the worpiip of God. The Governour and Council,
and the generality of the people, did wdl approve of the Mi
nifters Anfwer : and therefore finding thofe two Brothers tO
be of liigh Spirits, and their fpeeches and pradifes tending to
Mutiny and Fadbn, the Governour told them. That New-
England iv^/ noplace for fuch ai thcy; and therefore he fenC
them bothback for England ac thc recurn of ch6 Ships che fame
year: and chough chey breached oue Threatnings boch againfl
tbe Governour and Minifters there, yet the Lord fo difpofed
of all, that there was no further inconvenience followed up
on it.
ThetwoMi.nifters there bdng ferioufly ftudious of Refor
mation, they confider ed of the ftate of their Children, together
with thdr Parents ; concerning which, Letcers did pafs between
Mr. Higginfon, and Mr. Brewfier the reverend Elder of the
Church of Plimouth, and tbey did agree in thdr judgements,
*-/<,. concerning the Church-M ember fiip of the Children wich
thdr parents, and that Baprifm was a feal of rhdr Member fhip,
only when they were Adult, thcy bdng not fcandalous ,, they
were to be examined by the Church-Officers, and upon thdr ap
probation of thdr fitnefs, and upon the Childrens publick and
perfonal owning of the Covenant, they wef e to be recdved
uncDche. Lords Supper, Accordingly Mr. Higginfon'i eldeft
Son,-beirigabone fifteen years of ape, was owned co have ten
-recdved a member together with his Parent's, andybdng pri
vately examined by the PaftorMr. Sl(^elten:,a\iOmb{s knowledge
in the prindples of Religion, he did prefent hiiri befor^r the
Church when the Lords Supper was to be Admhiiftred, and the
Cbilde then publickly and .perfonally owning the Covenant of
L 3 the

78 New- Englands Memoriall. An. 1629.
the God of his Father, he was admitted unto che Lords Supper:
it being then profeffcdiy owned, according eo i Cor. 7, 14. thac
the Children of che Church arc holy unto che Lord as wdl as
their Parents, .accordingly the Parents owning and retaining the
Bapufm, which chey themfdves received in thdr Infancy, in
their Native Land, as chey had any Children born, Baptifm was
adminiftred unto them, ¦z'f'c. to the - Children of fuch as were
members of that pacticular Charch.
Mr. Higginfon lived but one year after the fetling of cfie
Church chere, deparced this life abouc che fame time tbe next
year,in the-Monchof Augufl, 1630. Mr. Skelton lived until
the year 1634- when he alfo cjuieclyflepc in che Lord, and were
boch buried at Salem. As it is an honour to be in Chrift be
fore ochers, as in Rom. 1 6. fo alfo to be firft in the Lords work,
and CO be faithful in it, as chefe cwo holy men were ; who made
fuch a beginning in Church-reformation , as was afterwards
followed by many ochers.
In che year 1654. Mr. Roger Williams removed from
Plimouth CO Salem : he had lived abouc chree years ac Plimouth,
where he W.1S well accepted as an affiftaiic in che Miniftryto
Mr. Ralph Smith, then Paftor of the Church there, but by de
grees venting of divers of his own fingular opinions, and feek
ing eoimpofe chem upon ochers, he noe finding fuch a concur
rence as he expeded, he defired his difmifllion co che Church of
Salem, which chough fome were unwilling co, yec through the
prudent counfel pf Mr. Brewfler (the ruling Elder there)
fearing that his continuance amongft them might caufe divi-
fions, and chere being then many able men in che Bay, thcy
would better deal wich him chen chemfelves could, and forefee-
ing(wh3C he profcffed he feared concerning Wlr .williams,which
afterwards came eo pafs ) chac he would run the fame courfe
of rigid Separation and Anabaptiftry,which Mr. fohn Smith the
Sebaptift at Amflerdam had done; the Church of Plimouth
confenced to his difmiffion, and fuch as did adhere eo him wQ'e
alfo difmiffed, and removed wieh him, or noe lone after him co
Salem. He came co Salem in the time of Mr. Skehns weaknefs, wha

Art. 1 629. New-Englands Memoriall'. 79
who lived noe long after Mr. Williams was come, whereupon^
after fome time, the Church there called him co office; but he
having in one years tirae, filled that place wich principles of
rigid feparation, and tending to Anab.iptiftry ,' the prudent
Magiftrates of che Maffachufet s'^.wriidiStion, fenc to the Church
of .y^fOTjdefiring them to forbear calling hira co office, which
they not hearkening to, was a caufe of much difturbance ; for
Mr. Williams had begun, and then being in office, he proceeded
more vigoroufly to vent many dangerous opinions, as amongft
many ochers thefe were fome ; That it ts not lawful for an m-
regcnerate manto pray^nor to take an Oath, and in fpecial, not the
Oath of Fidelity to the Civil Government ; ner was it lawful for a
godly tfMn w have communion either in Family Prayer, or in an.
Oath With fuch as thej judged unregenerate : and therefore he
himfelf refufed che Oath of Fidelity, and caughc ochers fo co do:
alfo. That it was not lawful'fo much as to hear the godly Minifiers
of England, When any occafionally went thither, & therefore he ad-;
monifhed any Church-members thac had done fo, as for hainous
fin : alfo he (pake dangerous words againft the Patent , which
was the foundation of the Government of the Maffachufets
Colony: al{o he iiSirmed,That the Magiftrates had nothing to
do in matters of the firft Table, but only the fecond ;and that there-
fhould be a general and unlimited Toleration of all Religions, and
fer any -man tobe punifljed for any matters of his Confcience, 'was
perfecution.'^ And further he procured the, Church of Salems
confent unto letters of Admonition, which was wriceen and
fent by him in their name,to the Churches at Bofton,Charlflc-wn,
New-town ( now Cambridge ) &c. accufing the Magiftrates thac
wereracmbersof the refpedive Churches, of fundry hainous
offences which he laid Unco cheir charge, and though divers did
acknowledge thdr error and gave fatisfadion, yec Mr'.'' wil-
iia/ns himfelf, notwichftanding all che pains thac was caken with
him by Mr. Cotton, Mr! Hooker,^nd many ochers, co bring him
to a fighc of his errors and mifcarriages, and noiwithftanding
allthe Courts gentle proceedings wich him, he noe only per-
fiHed, but grew more violent in his way, infomuch as he flaying ac

8o New-Englands Memoriall. An.1629.
at home in his own houfe, fent a Letter, which was delivered
and rcad in the publick Church affembly, the fcope of which
was CO give chem notice. That if the Church of Salem Would not
feparate not only from the Churches of Old-England, but the
churches of l^ew-Enghnd too, he Would feparate from them : the
more prudene and fober pare of che Church bdng amazed ac
his way, could noe yield unco him: whereupon he never came co
the Church Affembly more, profefling feparation from chem as
.Ancichriftian, and noe only fo, buc he withdrew all private re
ligious Communion from any chac would bold Communion
with che Church chere, infomuch as he would noe pray nor
giveehanksac meals withhis own wife nor any of his family,
becaufe chey wene co the Church Affemblies : divers of the
weaker fore of che Church-members, chflc had been ehroughly
leavened with his Opinions, of which number were divers wo
men chac were zeajous m eheir way, did by degrees fall off co
him, infomuch as he kepe a meeting in his own houfe, uneo
which a numerous company did reforc, boch on che Sabbach
day and ac ocher cimes, in w.iy of feparacion from, and oppofi
tion to the Church Affembly there ; which thc prudent Ma
giftrates underftandino, and feeing things grow more and more
towards a general divihon and difturbance, after all other means
ufed in vain, they paffed a fencence of Banifhmenc againft him
out of the Maffachufets Colon'y, as againft a difturber of che
peace, boch of che Church and Common-wealch.
After which Mr. Williams fac down in a place called Provi
dence, out of chc Maffachufets'jnriidiAion, and was followed by
many of che members of che Church of Salem, who did zea-
foufly adhere eo him, and who cried out of the Perfecution chat
was againft him: fome ochers alfo reforced to him from ocher
pares. They had noe been long chere together, but from rigid
feparacion they fell co Anabapeiftry, renoundng the Baptifm
which they had received in their Infancy, and taking up anocher
Bapcifm, and fo began a Church in chac way; bue Mr. Williams
flopped noe there long, for after fome time he told the people
thac had followed him, and joyned wich him in a new Baptifm, chac

An.1629. New-Englands AffworM//.  8^
thit he iv as out of the Way himfelf, and had mif-led them, for he
did not finde that there Was any upon earth that could adminifter
Baptifm, and therefore their lafl Baptifm was a nullity, as well as
their prft ; and therefore they muft lay dciwn all, and wait for the
coming of new Apoftles : and fo they diffolved themfelves, and
turned Seekers , keeping that one Principle , That every one
fhould have liberty to Worfhip God according to the Light of their
own Confciences ; but otherwife not owning any Churches or
Ordinances of God any where upon Earth.
Thus much was thought meet to be inferted here concern
ing the great and lamentable Apoftacy of Mr. Williams , that
it may be a Warning to all others to take heed of a gradual
declining from, and forfaking the Churches of Chrift, and Or
dinances of God in them, left they be left of God to run fuch
a.cour fe as he hath done ; trherefore let him that thinks heftands,
take heed left he fall, i Cor. 10. 12. As alfo to be a Motive
CO the Saints , to remember him unto God in thdr fervent:
Prayers for his return , he having been fometimes an able
Difpenfer of the Word of God, and (in feveral refpeds) of
an exemplary Converfation.
And yet that there may be a ftanding Evidence of the Care
that was had in thofe times to prevent thc growth of Errours,
and of theexcrdfeof the Communion of Churches for that
end, it is thought meet fiirther to infert this paffage : That be
fore the putting forth of the Civil Power of the Magiftrate for
the removing of Mr. Williams from Salem, and befides other
means alfo ufed, there was a publick Admonition fent in wri
ting from the Church of Bofton to the Church of Salem, for
the redudng of Mr. Williams , and the erring part of the
Church. The Title of the Writing was,

M Errours

Si New-Englands Memoriall. An.i629.-'
Errours in Do^rine maintairied by fome ef the Brethren.
ofthe church of Salem, tending to the diflurbance
ef Religion and Peace in Family, Church and Com
mon wealth; viz.
i,'T°'^3t itis'not lawful to call upon an unregenerate
¦*¦ man to pray for himfclf.
2. It is not lawful for a regeneraw man to pray with
his carnal Family.
3. itis not lawful for Magiftrates to take an Oath of
Fidelity from unregenerate men.
4. Itis not lawful forMaglftratcstotakean Oath of
Fidelity from thc body of their Subjedls, though rege
nerate, and Members of Churches.
5. Ir is not lawful for Magiftrates to punifh the
breaches of the firft Table, unlefs thereby the Civil
Peace of thc Commonwealth be difturbed.
whence alfo it foSows, and is confeffed,
That a Church wholly declining into Arianifm, Pa*
fifm, Fatnilifm-, or other Herefies, being admonilhcd,
and convinced thereof by other Churches, and not re
forming, may not be reformed by the Civil Magiftrate
in D way of Civil Jufticcj .unlefs ic break thc Civil
Peace. Thefe Errours ivete foIidJy confuted , and the contrary
Trudis affer ted by the Word of God, in that Writing which
was Subfcribcd by
fohnCottonTe^cher oi the Church of Bofton.
Thomas Ohver U\dasoi the fame Church.
Thomas Leveret)^
Mr. Wi^«» the Paftor of the Church being at that timeablent
upon a Voyage to England.
1630

.^T-i-i   Lunmrnm — i u  " "" ¦"  '> '  -
An.i6}0. New-Englands Memoriall. QJ
I d J O.
THisVesiP it plenfed God of his rich gfa?? to Tranfpon
over intpcheB^y of the Maffachufets divers honourable
Pcrfonagcs, and many worthy Chriftians, whereby thc Lord
began in a manifeft manner and way to make known the great
thoughts which he had of Planting che Gofpel in chis remote
and b.irbarous Wildernefs, and honouring his own Way of
Infticueed Wor fhip, caufing fuch and fo many co adhere chere-
uneo, and fall upon chc pradice thereof: Among the reft, a
chief one amongft them was chae famous P.icern of Piecy an.d
Jvi'XiQeMr.fohtt winthrop, che firft Governour of thac Jurif
didion, accompanied wkh divers ocher precious Sons of Sion,
which mighc be compared eo the moft fine gold. Amongft
whom alfo I might name that Reverend and Worthy man, Mr.
fohn wilfon , eminene for Love and Zeal ; he likewife came
over chis year, and bare a greac fhare of che difficulties of
thefe new beginnings with greac chearfulnefs and alacrieyof
fpiric: They came over wich a Flecc of ten Ships, three of them
arriving firft ac Salem, \n which feveral of the chicfeft of
them came, who repaired fundry of them in fome fhort time
into the Bay of the Maffachufets; the ,other feven Ships ar
rived at C.harlftown, where it pleafed the Lord to exerdfe them
with much ficknefs, and being defticuce of houfing and fhelrer,
and lying up and down in Boochs, fome of them languifhed
and died ; yea, ic pleafed God to take away amongft the reft,
that blefled Servauc of Chrift Mr. Ifaac fohnfon, wich his Lady,
fooH after thdr arrival, wieh fundry ocher precious Saincs.
This ficknefs being heavy upon them, caufed the principal of
them to propofe to the reft to fee a day apart to feek thc Lord
for the affwaging of his difplcafure therein, as alfo for dire
dion and guidance in the folemn enterprize of entring into
Ghurch-fellowfhip ; which folemn day of Humiliatjpii Vfzs
obfer^'cd by all, not onely of themfelves , but alfo by their
M z Brethren

84 New Englands Memoriall. An. 1630.
Brethren ae Plimouth in thdr behalf; and che Lord was in-
treaced noe onely CO affwage che ficknefs, buc alfo encouraged
their hearcs eo a beginning, and in fome fhore cime after co a
furcher progrefs in che greac Work of Ereding a way of Wor-
fhipping of Chrift in Churdi-fdiowfhip, according to Primi
tive Infticucion. Thofe choice and eminent Servants of Chrift
did not defpife their poor Leaders and Fcllow-fouldiers thjc
they found in che fame Work of che Lord wich chem ac PH^
mouth, buc created chem as Brechren, much pitying cheir greac
ftraitsand hardfhips chey had endured in che firft beginning of
Planting chis Wildernefs, promifing all helpfiilnefs even oue of
their own EftaceS according co their power ; and their fnid
Brethren at Plimouth were perfwaded they fpake as they
thought in thdr hcircs : for, fuch was che fimphcicy of chofe
times, as that divers faces were not carried under a hood -;
Pride, Covecoufnefs, Profanenefs, and -finful .Self, wercaflia-
tned CO be fecn,excepc in obfcure places and perfons. Oh poor
New-England, confider whac chouwaft, and whacehou now
ai'C ! Repent , and do thy firft workj, faich chc Lord-; fo m-iy
li'a 4?.. 18) 19- thj peace yet be as a river, and thy righteoufnefs as the Waves of
the fea. So be ie. Buc co recurn.
"The firft tfeat began in the work of the Lord above-men
tioned,, were thdr honoured Governour Mr. fohn winthrop,
Mr. fohnfon forcTnamed, chac rauch honoured Gencleman Mr.
Thomas Dudley, and Mr. fohn wilfon aforefaid-; .'Thefe four
were che firft chac began that honourable Church of Bofton,
unco whom there joyned many ochers. The fame year alfo
Mr.George Philips (who was a. worthy Servane of Chrift^ and
Difpenfer of his-'Word) began a Churdvfellowfhip ac water-
towii ;' as did alio Mr. Maverick and Mr. tyareham ac Dcr-
chefler the fame year.
Thus out of fmall beginnings greacer things have been pro
duced by his hand thac madeallthingsof nothing: and as one
fmall Candle may light a thoufand; fo the Light here- kindled
hadifliaae unto many, yea in fome fort to our whole Nation,
Let the gloriousName aifehevah haveall the praife in all. Ages:

An.t631.52. New-Englands Memori&ll. "85
THis Year the Reverend and Ufefull Inftrument Mr. fohii
Eliot came ovcr, and not long after Mr. weld, who be
gan a Church-Society at Ro.vbury ; as likewife good old Mr.
Maverick^ and Mr. wareham began one .it Dorchefler.
1 (J 5 Z.
THis year one. Sir, Chriflopher Gardiner (bdng as himfelf
faid ) defcended of the houfe of Gardiner Bifliop of win-
chefter, whowas fogrcataPerfecutorof Gods Saints in Queen
Maries d^yes, arrived in New-England ; he being a great tra
veller received his firft honor of Knight-hood at ferufalem, he-
in^ made Knight ac chc Sepulchre chere: became inco thefe
parts in preeence of forfaking che World, and co live a privace
life in a godly courfe, noe unwilling co put himfelf upon any
mean imployment, and take any pains for his living, and fome
times offered himfelf to joyn to the Church in fundry places :
he broughc over vvith hini a fervanc or two, and a comely
young woman whom he called his Coufin ; but it was fufpeded
(that after che /m//^« manner) fhe was his Concubine.- he
living at the Maffachufets , for fome mifcarriages for which
he fhould have anfwered, fled away frora Auchoricy, and goe a-
mongft che Indians in the Jurisdidion of New-Plimouth; che
Governmenc oitheMaffachufets fent after.hira but could not gee
him. and promifed fome reward co thofe chae fliould finde him ;
the Indians came to thc Governour of Plimouth and told where
Iie'w^s, and asked if they might kill him, but the faid Gover
nour told them iio, they fh(:)uld not kill hi'm by no means, but
if they could take him alive and bring him to Plimouth, they
fliDuId be payed for thdr pains ; they faid he had a Gun and a
Ms' -Rapier,

86 New-Englands Memoriall. An. 163 2.
Rapier, and he would kill chem if chey wene abouc ic, and che
Maffachufets Indians i^\d they Yn\^t\C\\l him, btic the Gover
nour aforefaid told chem no, chey fhould noe kill him, buc watch
their opportunity and take him, and fo chey did ; for when chey
lighc on him by a River fide, he got inco a Cannoo co get from
them, and when chey came near him, whiles he prefeneed his
piece ac chem CO keep chem off, che ftream carried the Cannoo
againft a Rock,and chrew boch him and his Piece and the Rapier
inco che v./ater, yec he goe our, and having a lictle dagger by his
fide, chey durft noe clofe wich him ; bue gecting long poles, ehey
foon beat his dagger oue of his hand : fo he was glad co yield,
and they broughc him to che Governour ac Plimouth, bue his
hands and arms were fwelled and very fore with the blows they
had given him, fo he ufed him kindly, and fent him to a lodging
where bis arms were bathed and annoineed, and he was quickly
wdl again, and blamed che Indians for beating him fo much:
they faid they did buc a liccle whip him wich fticks. In his
lodging chofe thac made his bed, found a lictle Noce-book that.
by accidene bad flipped oue of his poc)<ee or fome privace place,
in which was a memorial whac day he was recondled co the
Toff and Church of Rome, and in whac Univerficy he cook his
Scapula, and fuch and fuch a Degree ; it being broughc co the
Governour, he kept ic, and fenc ic to chc Governour of the
Maffachufets With word oi his caking, who fenc for him; buc
afterwards he wene for jE«j'/<?W and fhewed his malice againft
New-England, buc God prevenced him ; of which 1 choughe
meec co inferc a Leecer from Mr. winthrop Governour of the
Maffachufets to Mr. Bradford the Governour of PUmoiith ( in
reference to this maccer ) as alfo the Copy of an Order rela
ting to the fame as followeth. And firft of the Leecer.
SIR,
UPon a Petition exhibited by Sir Chriftopher Gar-
dintrj5/> Ferdinando Gorges,C4/^^/»MalonjC^V.
agaipftyou andw^ the caufe was heardbefore the Lerds ofthe
Privy

An.i632. New-Englands MemoriaJl. 87
Privy Council, and afterwards reported to the King; the
f»cc(f wher-sof makes it evident to alfthat the Lordhaihcare
of his peoDple here ; the paffages are admirable at d too latfgto
write : I hearlily wi^for an opportunity to impart them unto
you, being many fheets of Paper -, but the condufion wasy
againfi all mens expedation, an order for our encouragement,
and mttcb blame and difgrace upon tbe adverfaries, which
calls for much ihankfulnefi from us\ all which we pttrpofe- (God
willing ) to exprefs in a day of thanhfgiving to eur merciful
God, I doubt not but you will confider if it be not ft for you to
joyn lit it ', who as he hath humbled us by his late corre^ion,
fo he hath lifted us up by an abundant njoycing in our dehve
rance out of fo defp crate a danger; fo as that which eur
enemies built their hopes upon to ruine us by, he hath merci
fully difpofed to our great advantage, as I flidl further ac
quaint you tvhen occafion fliall fervi.
Tlie Copy of the Order follows.
At the Court at Whitehall, ^nuary 19. 1^32.
SigiUtim Crefcent,
Lord Privy-Seal. Mr. Trevers.
Earl of Dorfet. Mr. Vice-Chamberlain,
LordVicount Falkland. Mr. Secretary Cw'^.
Lord Bifhop of London. . Mr. Secrecary windebank.
Lord Cottinton.
WHcreas his Majefly hath lately been informed of
great diftraiflion and much diforder in the Plan
tations in the parts of America called New England,
which if thcy be true, and fuffered ro run on, would tenet
to thc dirtionour of ..this Kngdome, and utter ruine of
that

88  Nev/-Englands 'Memorinll. An.r632-

thac Piancation: tor prevention whcreof,& for the orderly
fetling of Government, according ro the intention of
thofe Pa-entswhich have been gtanted by his Majefty^ &
from his lace Royal Facher King ^ames ; It hath pleafed
his Majefty thac the Lords and others of his raoft honou
rable Privy Council fliould take thc fame into confidera
tion : Their Lordfliips in the firft place thought fit to
makca Committee of this Board, to take examination of
the matters informed : which Committee having called
divers of the principal Adventurers in that Plantation,
and heard thofe that - are complainants againft them ;
moft of th^ things informed being denied, and refting
tobe proved by parties that muft be called from that
place, which required a longCKpence of time, and ac
prefent their Lordfliips finding thcy were upon difpatch
of Men, Viduals and Merchandife for that place, all
which would be at a ftand- if the Adventurers fliould
have di'fcouragementjOr take fufpition that the State here
had no good opinion of that Plantation ; their .Lordfliips
not laying the faultjor fancies (if any be) of ibme particu
lar men upon thc General Government, or principal Ad-
ventufcrsj which in due time is further to be enquired
into •, have thought fit in the mean tirae to declare, that
thc appearances were fo fair, and hopes fo great, that the
Country would prove both beneficial to this KingJome,
and proficable to the particulars, as that the Adventurers
had caufe to go on cheerfully with their undertakings,
and reft affured, if things were carried as was pretended
when the Patents were granted, and accordingly as by
the Patents it is appointed , His Majefly would not only
maintain the Liberties and priviledges heretofore granted)

An.i633- New- Englands ii/fwm^//. 89
granted, but fupply any thing further that might tend
to the good Government, profperity and comfort of
His people there of that place, &.c.
William TromML

r

His Year Mr. Edward winftbw was Chofen Governour
of thejurifdidion of iVw-P//wwf^ : And
Mr. tVilliam Bradford, n
Capcain Miles Standifli,}
uS:"ilif UreChofen<ob=h!sAffiaa„,s
Vr 3.;... -r>... / in Governmenc.
Mr'

r. fohn Dove, i
r. Stepkn Hopkins, tc\
X. William Gtlfon, -^

The Plantation of Plimouth having had fome former coft^-
ver fe with the Z)»/fJ&, as hath been hinted, they feeing tJiicm
feaced in a barrenciuarcer, told them of a River called by them
the Frefli River, which thcy often commended unto them for J^hlch is tie
a good place, boch.foc Plancacion and Trade, and wiflied chem ^rone&'Qt
to make ufe of ic ; buc cheir hands bdng full ocherwife, chey ^y^^,
let ic pafs: buc afterwards there coming a company oi Indians
inco thefe parts, that were driven out of thdr Country by the
potency of the Fequots , thcy follicited them to go thieher.
Thefe Indians not feeing them very forward to entertain the mo-
tfqn, which they moved with great ardency, they follicited them
oi the Governmenc of the Maffachufets iri like fort ; buc
they being then not fie co encercain the motion, in refped thac
they were newly come into the Country, did not much regard
.N ic,

90 New-Englands Memoriall. An.i63j.
it. Nocwichftanding , fome of the chief made a motion to
Joyn with fome here in a way of Trade at the fame River • on
which a meeting was appointed to treat concerning the ^ame
matter, and fome of Plimouth appointed to give them meeting,
which they did ; buc chey caft irt che way many fears of danger
and lofs, a'nd the likCj on which they of the Maffachufets de
clined the thing, and did not proceed therein. Whereupon,
thofe of Plimouth went on alone, and prepared a Frame of an
Houfe, and ftowcd if inco a Barque^ ready to rear at thdr land
ing, and went up the faid River, and reared their Houfe, and
fenced ic abouc wich a Pallifado, which was done wich great dif-
ficulcy, noe onely of the Dutch, but alfo of the Indians.
Notwithftaiiding', thc place they pbffeffcd themfelves of, was
fuch as the Dutch had nothing to do wich, and likewife was
lawfully pnrchafed of the Indians which chey carried wich
them. And ehis was Plimouths enerance there, who deferved'
to have held ic, and noe by friends to have been tfiruft out, ^s in
a fore chey afterwards were.
This year ic pleafed Gbd co vifit Plimouth wich an infedious
Feaver, of which many fell very fick, and upwards of twcncy
died, men, women and children, and fundry of chem were of
thdr ancient Friends j amongft the reft, Mr. Samuel Fuller
then died, after he hacl much helped others, and was a comforc
to them : hcwas their Chirurgion and Phyfician, and did much
good in his place, bdng not onely ufefull in his faculcy, buc
ocherwife as he was a godly man, and ferved Chrift in the
Office of a Deacon in che Church for many years, and forward
to do good inhis place, and was. much miffed after God re
moved him out of this world.
This ficknefs caufed much fadnefs amongft them, and accord
ing to theif duty they befought the Lord by Fafting and Prayer,
and he was intircatedof them, and towards Winter the fick
nefs ceafed. This ficknefs being a kinde of a pcftilent Feaver,
fwept away alfo many of the Indians from many places near
adjoyning to Plimouth.
It is to be obferved, Thac the Spring, before this ficknefs," there

An.i633. New-Englands Memoriall. pi
there was a numerous company of /"/iw, which were like for strange avdnn.)
bignefs unto tvafps or Bumble Bees, they came' out of liccle ^'"^'^'^ ^Htsa,
holes in the ground, and djd eat up the green things, and made &n% ihit
fuch a conftant yelling noife as made all the Woods ring oi.fui/o-Jd
them,, and ready to deaf the hearers ; they were not any of
them heard or feen by the Englifi in the Country before this
time : but the Indians told them thac ficknefs would follow,
and fo ie did very hot in the Months of fune, fuly and Auguft .
of that Summer.
This year there arrived in New-England thofe three worthy jjwt. Cotton ,
Inftruments, Mr. fohn Cotton^ Mr. Thomas Hooker, and Mr. Mr. Hooker,
Samuel Stone, who were Gofpel-Preachers of excellent worth |^ ^^'¦•Samtiel
and ufe in thdr places, untill God took them out of the world -fl^^^ ""'^"^
unto himfdf.
This year likewife Mr. william ColUer arrived with his Fa- c;wr. Colliers
tnilyin^New-England, who as he had been a good Bencfador dmju/wN.E.
to the Colony of New-PUmouthheiore he came ovcr, having
been an Adventurer uneo ic acics firft beginning; fo alfo he
approved himfelf a very ufeful Inftrumenc in that Jurifdidion
after he arrived , being frequently Chofen , and for divers
years ferving God and the Country in the place of Magiftracy;
and lived a godly and holy life untill old Age, which to him is
a Crown if Glory, being found in the way of Righteouf
nefs.

N 2 I 6.3 4.

9* New-Englands Memoriall. Aii.iej^.
THis Year Mr. Thomas Prince was Chofen Governour of
the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth : His Affiftants in Go
vernment were ¦ Mr. william Bradford,
Mr. Edward winfiow,
j Captain Miles Standifh,
Mr. William Collier,
fMr. fohn Alden,
Mr. fohn Howland, and
-Mr. Stephen Hopkins.
Aljeit fickrtefs In the Spring of this Year there fdl a. very great ficknefs of
fin:onifltht"in- the Small Pox amongft the Indians, fo as they died moft mi.
dim. fcrably of ic ; for a forer Difeafe cannot come amongft them,
and they dread ic more then the Plague it fdf, for ufually thofe
of them lyhich have this Difeafe, havc thera in abundance, and
for want of Bedding and Linen, and ocher Neceffaries, they
fall into a lamencable condition; for as they lyc on their hard
Mats, the Pox breaking and running one inco at^other, their
skin cleaving by reafon thereof to the Mats thcy lye on, when
they turn them, much of their skin will flay off ac once, and
thcy will beall on a gore blood, moft fad and grievous to be
hold ; and then being very fore, what with cold and ocher dif-
tempers, they die like rotten flieep.
' This Year one Captain Stone, who had fbmecimes fivcd at
Chrifiophers in the weft-Indies , came inco thefe parts ; of
whom I haye noching to fpeak in way of commendation, but
rather the concrary. After he had been to and fro in che
Country, he recurned towards Virginia with one Captain Norr
ton; andfoitwas, tftat as they recurned they went in at C*-
neHicot Kiver, where the Indians killed .the faid Stone as he
lay in his Cabbjn, and threw a Covering over him; jbeylike- wifis-

An.i6j4. New-Englands MemorsnU. 91.
wife killed all the reft of his Company but the faid Capcain
Norton, he defending himfelf a long time in the Cook-room
©/ thc Barque, untill by accident the Gunpowder took fire,
which for readinefs he had fet in an open thing before himy
which did fo burn and fcald him, and blinde his eyes, as he
could make no longer refiftance, buc was llain alfo by them, and
they made a prey of his goods.
Iris to be obferved. That the faid .ffow bdng at the Dutch
Plantation in the fore-part of this year, a certain Barque of
Plimouth being there likewife on Trading, he kept company
with the Dutch Governour, and made him drunk, and goe
leaveofhiminhisdrunkcuncfsto take the faid Barque, with
out any occafion or caufe given him; andfo taking his time
when the Merchant and fome of the chief of the men were
on fhore, wich fome of his own men, made the reft of them
weigh Anchor, and fet fail to carry her away to r/^^;'»/^ .- buc
fome of the Dutch Seamen, who had been at Plimouth and
received kindnefs, feeing this horrible abufe, got a Veffel or
two and piwrfued them, and broughc them Ijack. After this
he came inco the Maffachufets Bay, where they commenced
Suit againft him ; hue by the mediation of fome it was taken
Dp, and afterwards in the comp.^ny of fome Gentiemen he
came to Plimouth, and was kindly encercained: but Revengs
boiling in his breaft, (as fome conceived) he watched a fea
fon to have ftabbed the Governour, and put his hand co his
Dagger for that end, buc by Gods Providence ordering the
vigilance of fome tliat were about him, he was prevented :
but God met with him for thefe and other wickedneffes, aa
bach been before related.

N 3 i^iS'

94 New-Englands Memoriall. An.iiSjs.
THis year Mr. william 'Bradford was chofen Governour of
the Jurifdidion of NeW-Plinmth. And
Mr. Edward winflow,
Mr. Thomas Prince,
Mr. William Collier, I r<(,/^^._ ,« u,. i,-.
Captain JrWiT^, >= Were Chofen to be his
^^^ a„i.-- 4/ji r Afllftancs in Government.

apcdiii oii^naiju, ^
[r. ^o't'^ Alden, V
[r. fohn Howland, and \
[r. Stephen Hopkins, J

Mr.
Mr. Stephen Hopkji
This Year Mr. jE^w^K^i w'»yZo» took a Voyage for England,
on publick occafions, and ic cameto pafs that he had occafion to
anfwer forae Complaints made againft the Country, ac thc
Council Board ; more chiefly concerning the Maffachufets
Jurisdidion, which he did to good effed, and furcher profecuccd
fuch things as might tend to the good of the whole : m par-
ticular he preferred a Petition to the Right Honourable the
Lords Commiffioners for the Plantations in America, in rcfe-
vence uneo fome injuries done by the French and Dutch unto
the Country • whidi Petition found good acceptance, and was
in a way to a fatisfadory Anfwer : but fundry Adverfaries
interpofed, whofe ends were the fubverfion and overthrow of
the Churches, at leaft to difturb thdr peace, and hinder their
growth - but by Gods providence it fo fell out in the end, thac
alchough thofe Adverfaries croffed che Petition for taking any
further effed in thc end principally intended in it ; yet by this as
a means, the whole plot was difcovered, and thofe Adverfaries
came to nodiing : the particulars whereof, are too fong here
to be infer ted.
This Year, on Saturday, the fifteenth day of y^ugi^ft; was
fuch a mighty ftorm of Wind and Rain, as none now living m
* ' thefe

An.i633r. New-Englands Memoriall. 95
thefe parts, either Englifli or Indian had feen thc like, bdng like
unto thofe Hirracanes or Tufflns that writers mention to be
fometimes in the Indies. It began in the morning a liccle before
day, arid grew noe by degrees, buc came wich greac violence in .Tfif .r"' ""'''^
the beginning, to che gr6ac amazemenc of raany ; Ic blew down "'' H"^''"'^
fundry houfes, and uncovered divers ochers: divers Veffds
were loft at Sea in it, and many more in extream danger. Ic
caufed the Sea to fwdl in fome places to the fduchward of
Plimouth,^ that it arofe to twenty foot right up and down, and
raade many of the Indians to climb inco trees for cheir laf<?ty :
It threw down all the Corn to the ground, which never rofe
more; the which through the mercy of God, ic bdng near
harveft time, was not loft, though much thc worfe: and had
the wind continued wichouc fliifting , in likelfhood ic would
have drowned fome pare- of the Counery. Ie blew down many
hundred thoufands of Trees, turning up the ftronger by thc
iwots, and breaking the high Pine Trees and fuch like in the
midft, and the tall young Oaks, and Walnuc Trees of good
bignefs, were wound asa Wyth byic; very ftrange and fear
ful to behold : It began in the Soucneaft, and veered fundry
wayes, but the greaceft force of ic ac Plimouth, was from the
former quarter, ic continued noe in excremicy above i\ve or fix
hours, ere the violence of it began to abate; the marks of ic
will remain this many years, in thofe parts where ic was foreft ;
the Moon fuffered a great Eclipfe two nights after it.

16^6.

^P  New-Englands Memoriall. An.i636'

T

His Year Mr. Edward winfiow was chofen Governour
of the Jurifdidion of Plimouth : And
Mr. William Bradford, \
Mr. Thomas Prince, )
Mr. William Collier, I , . ..-.«.
Mr. fohn Alden, ^were chofen to be bs Afli-
Mr. Timothy Hatherly, ( ftants m Government.
Mr. fohn Brown, \
Mr. Stephen Hopkins, -^
T^his Year the Towns on the River ot ConneBlcot hegzn to
be planted, and in tranfporting of Goods thither, from the,
Maffachufets Bay, two ftiallops were caftaw.iy (Ipaden wi'iK'
Goods to go thither ) in an Eaftcrly ftorm, at the mouth of
Plimouth Harbour ; the Boats men were all loft, not fo much as
^"^ u^^cartT- ^^y °^ ^'^^"' ''^'*'" fo""'l for burial, they being five in number
^ooper ' in boch the Boats: the Principal ofthem was one Mr. ;^»//m?«
Cooper, an antient Seaman of known skill, having formerly been
Mafler of a fliip, and had gone great Voyages to the Eaft-Indies
and to other parts, but the nighc bdng dark and ftormy, they
ran upon.che skirt of a flat that liech near thc raouth of the
harbour, and fo were over-raked ; thc goods came on fliore
along the Harbour, and the Governour caufed a careful courfe
to be taken for^he prefervation of them in the behalf of the
right owners, who afterwards received fo many of them as
were faved.
ne delation of Now followcth the Tragedy of the War thac fell
tht Pequot betwixt the Englifli and the Pequots, which I will relate accor-
''pyau^ ding to my beft intelligence ; in or'dcr whereunto I thought:
good to mention fome particulars firft, that by difcerning the
whole matter, inthe feveral parts and circumftances, the more of

An.1636. New- Englands ,A/fwo>'Mi7.  97_
of the mercy and goodnefs of God may be taken notice of, to
his praife,for deftroying fo Proud and Blafphemous an Enemy.
In the Year 1634. the Pf^««/, a ftouc and war-like People,
i^^hohad made War wich fundry of thdr Ndghbours, and being
puffed up with many Vidories, grew now ac variance wich che
Narrhagatifets, a greac People oordcring upon them ; thefe
Narrhaganfets held correfpondence .and tearms of friendfliip
ViiththeEngUflioi the Maffachufets t now the Pequots being
confciou.s of the guilt of Capcain Stones deach, whom they
knew to be an .E«^/;y& w^K, as alfo thofe thac were wich him.;
and being fallen oue wich the Dutch, left they fliould have
over many Enemies at once, fought to make friendfliip wieh the
!Englifli of the Maffachufets, and for that end, fent both meffen-
,gers and gifts unto them, as-appearsby fome Letters fent from
the Governour of the Maffachufets to the .Governour of
Plimouth, as followeth.
Dear and Worthy Sir.,
TO let you know fomething of eur afairs ; you may un
der ftand that the Vcquoxs have fent fome of theirs to
tts, to defire eur friendfhip, and offered much Wampam and
Beaver, d'C. The frlf meffengers were difmiffed without
anfwer', with the next we had divers dayes conference, and
taking the advice of fome of our Minifters, and feeking the
Lord in it,we concluded a peace and friendjhip wiih them,
upon thefe conditions, that they fhould deliver up to us
tho/e men who were guilty o( Stones death, &c. and if
we defired to plant in Connt£t\cot,they fhould give up their
right to us, artd we would fend to trade with then* as our
friends, which was the chief thing we aimed at : they being
now in War with the Dutch andthe reft of their Neighbours^
To this ihey readily agned^and that we fhtmld mediate a peace
O between

9? New''- Englands Memoriall. An.^636.
between them and the Narrhaganfets, for which end they'.
were content we fhotdd give the Narrhaganfets />4r/' of thi
Prefent they would beftow on us ; for they flood Jo much on
their honour, as they wouldnot be feen to give any thing oj
themfelves ; dsfor Captain Stone, they told us there were
but two left of thofe who had any hand in his death, and th:it
they killed himinafuji t^fsarrel^fot ( faid they ) he furpri
zed two of our men and bound them, to make them by
force to flisw bim the way up the River •, and he with two
other coming on fliore, nine Indians watched them, and
when they were afleep in the night, they killed them, to
deliver their own men J and fome of thcra gomg after
wards to the Barque, it was fuddenly blown up : We are
flow preparing to fend a Barque unto them. And in another
Letter hefiithyOm Barque is lately returned from the Pe-
q'mS) and our men put off but little Commodities, and
found them a very falfe people, fo as we mean to have nq
moretodowuhtheip. Tours ever affaredi
Bofton March 12.- ., x^34.. fohn Wihthropr
J<ot long afcec thefe things, Mr. fohn Oldham ( of whom
much is fpoken before ) bdng now an inhabitant of che Maf
fachufets, went wich a fmall veffel and flcnderly manned on
trading on chofe fouch parts ,• and upon a qnarrel between him
Ur OlSms and the Indians,viis cut off by them in fuch manner as hath been
death.. Z fore-noted, at an Ifland called by the Indians Mahniffes, but by
tt^Engltfl> Bhekzlftand; this with the former aboucthe deatfl
oi Stone, znd the baffling ofthe Pequots with the Englifh ot
the Maffaehttftts , moved them tb fet ont fome to tak? revenge,
and require fadsfedion for thofe wrongs: but it took littU
cffcdjfome ofthe murderers of. Mr. Oldham fled to the Peqnetf, and

An.i637' New-Englands Memoriall^ 99
and alchough the Englifh wene co the Pequots, and had fome
parly with tiiem, yec they did but delude them ; and che Englifh
recurned without doing any ching co purpofe, being ftuftrace of
thdr opportunity by their deceit : After thc Englifli of the
Maffachufets were recurned, thc Pequots took their time and
opportunity CO cue off fome of the. Englifh ac Connedicor, as
they paffed up and down upon cheir occafions ; and corcurcd
fome of chem in putting them to death,in a moft liorrid and bar
barous manner : and moft Blafphemoufly in this ehdr cruelty,
bad chem call upon their God, or mocked and derided them ^/„-^/j b/*/-!
when they fo did ; and not long afeer affaulced them ac theU' ^J^^^y^
houfes and habitations, as will appear raore fully in the cnfu-
ing Relation.

X d 5 7.
IN the fore-part of this Year, thc Pequots fdl openly upon the
Engli(h at ConneElicot , in the lower pares of the River, and
flew fundry of them as they were at work in the fields, boch
men and women, to the greac cerror ofthe reft ; and wene away
in greac pride and eriumph wich many high threats: chey alfo
affaulted Saybrook Fort, at the mouth of the River of Conne-
Hicot, although it was ftrong and well defended : ic ftruck chem
wich much fear and aftonifhmenc, co fee cheir bold accempts in
thc face of danger, which made chem in all places co ftand upon
thdr guard, and to prepare for refiftance, and earneftly to
folicice cheir friends and confederaces in theMaffachufets Bay,to
fend them fpeedy aid, for chey looked for more forceable
affaulcs : Mr. Fane bdng chen Governour of chac Jurifdidion,
wric from cheir General Courc co che Governour and Court
of New-Plimouth, to joyn with them in this War, to which
they were cordially willing : In the mean time, before things
could be prepared for to fee oue, che Pequots (as chey had
done chc winter beft)re) foughe co make peace wich che Narrha-
O z ganfets

100 New Englands Memoriall. An.1637.
ganfets, and ufed many pernicious Argumencs to move thera
thereunto, as That-the Englifh were ftrangers, andbegan to over-
fpread their Country, and Would deprive them thereof in time, if
they were fuffered to grow and increafe ; and if the Narrhaganfets
did afiift the Englifh to fubdue .them, that did but make way for
their own overthrow ; for if they' Were rooted out, the Englifli
Wo,uld foon take occafion to fubjugate them , and if they Would
hearken to them, they fhould not need to fear fhe ftrength of the
Englifli: for they-Would not come to open Battel with them, but
fire their Iloufes, kill their Cattel, and lye in ambufh for them as
they went abroad upon their occafions ; and all this they might eafily
do with little danger to themfelves : the which courfe being held,
they Well faw the Englifli would not long fubfift, but they Would
either beflurved With hunger, or forced to for fake the Country ;
wich many like chings ; inforauch chac che Narrhaganfets were
once wavering, and were half rainded co have made peace wich
them, and joyned againft the Englifli ; buc again when they
confidered how much wrong they had received from the Pe
quots, and ivhat an opporcunicy chey now had by helping che
Englifli , to right themfelves, revenge was fo fweec to chem, as
ie prevailed above all che reft ; fo as chey refolved to joyn with
with the Englifli againft them, and fo did. The Courc of
Plimouth agreed to fend fifty men ac cheir own charge, and wich
.IS much fpeed as pofli bly they could get thcra in. a readinefs,
under fufficient Leaders, and provided a Barque to carry their
provifions, and to tend upon thera on all occafions, and when
they were ready to raarch wich a fupply from the Bay, they had
word fent them to ftay, for the Enemy was as good as van-
quiflied and there would be no need.
J fliall not take upon mecxadly to defcribe their Proceed
ings in this War, becaufe poifibly it hath been done by them
fdves that were Adors therein, and beft knew the Circum
ftances of things : I fhall therefore fet them down in thc main
and generiji, according to my beft Intelligence.
From ConeBicot, who were moft fenfible of the hure
fuilained and the prefent danger, thcy fet out a party of men, and

An.iS37' New-Englands Memoriall. loi
and another party race thera from the Maffachufets Bay ac the
Narrhaganfets, who were to joyn wich chera. The Narrha
ganfets were very earneft to be gone, before the Englifh were
well refted and refreflied, efpecially forae of thcra which came
laft : It fliould feem thdr delire was to come upon the Enemy
fuddenly and nnexpededly. There bdng a Barque of Plimouth
newly put in there, .which was come from Coneh'icot, they did
encourage thera to lay hold of the opportunity of thelndians
forwardnefs, and to fliew as great forwardnefs as they, for it
would encourage them, and Expedition mighc turn to their
great advantage : So they went on , and fo ordered their
march, as the Indians brought them to the Fort of their Ene
my (in which moft of their chief men were) before day :
They approached the fame with great filence, and furrounded
it both wich Englifh and Indians, tliat they might not break out,
and fo affaulted them wich great Courage, fhootipg amongft
them, and entred the Fort with great fpeed; and thofe that
firft entred found fliarp refiftance from the Enemy, who both
fliot and grapled wich them : Ochers ran inco ehdr houfes, and
brought oue fire and fet them on fire, which foon took in their
Macs, and their houfes ftanding clbfe together, with the wind
all was foon on a flame, and thereby more were burnt to death
then were otherwife ilain. It burnt thdr Bow-ftrings, and
made them unferviceable. Thofe thac efcaped the Fire were
flain with thc Sword ; fome hewed to pieces , others run
through with thdr Rapiers, fo as they were quickly difpatched,
and very few efcaped: The Number they thus deftroyed, was
.ifonccived tobe above Four hundred. Ac this time is was a
Vcarful fight to fee them thus frying in the Fire, andtheftrcams
of Blood quenching the fame ; and horrible was the flirtk and
fcent thereof: but theVidory feemed a fweet Sacrifice, and
they gave the praife thereof to God, who had, wrought fd
wonderfully for thcra, thus to endofe thdr Enemies in thdr ?'j'/'^'*'^' •,
hands, and give thera fo fpeedy Vidory over fo proud, infult- i^Jtlcvina^
ing,'3ndhfafphemous an Enemy. The Narrhaganfets all this
wbiij.ftood round abouc a loof off from all danger,- and left
O 3 the

Joz New-Englands Memoriall.' An.1637.
the whole Execution to the Englifh, except ic were che flopping
any that brake away, infulting over thdr Enemies in their
mines and mifery, when they faw them dancing in the Fire-
calling by a word in their own Language, fignifying O brave
Pequots! which they ufed familiarly amongft themfelves in
their own praifes, in Songs of Triumph after, their .Vido
ries. After this Service was thus happily accompliflied, the Enrhfl
marched to the water-fide, where they met wieh fome of their
Veffds, by whom they were refreflied, and fupplied with Vi
duals and other Neceffaries : But in thdr march, the reft of
the /'i?j//i!o?j' drew ineo a Body, and followed them, thinking co
have (omc advantage againft them by reafon of a Neck of
Land; buc when they faw the Engli^ prepare for them, they
kept aloof, fo as chey ndcher did hurt, nor would receive any.
And after the Englifli their refreftiing, and repairing together
for further Counfel and Dircdions, they. refolved to purfue
thdryidory, and follow the War againft the reft : but the
Narrhaganfets moft of them forfook them, and fuch of them
as they had with them for Guides or otherwife, thcy found
very cold or backward in the bufinefs, dther out of envy, or
that they thought thc £'»^/i/5 would raake more profit of chc
Vii^ory chen chey were williiig ehey Ihould, or elfe deprive
them of that advantage that they defire^ in making the Pequots
become Tributaries unto them, or thc like.
For the reft of this Tragedy, I ftiall onely relate the fame
as it is in a Leecer from Mr. winthrop to Mr. Bradford, '.as
followceh :
fVorthy Siy,
I Received your loving Letter, but ftraightnefs of time fofbids
me : for mj defire is to acquaint you with ihe Lotds great
mercy towards w, in our prevailing againfl his and our Enemies,
that you may rejoice and pf-aife his Name With us. About four-
fcore of our men having coafted along towards the Ducch PlayfU-
tion, fometimes by Water, but moft by land, met bere and there With
form

An.1637. New-Englands Memoriall. 103
/oOTf Pcquocs, whfm they fiew or tookTrifoners. 2'TPa Sachems
they took, and beheaded ; and not hearing of SafacuS the chief Sa
chem, they gave a Prifoner his life to go and finde him out : He
went, and brought them Word where he was ; but Szincns fufpefling
him ti be a Spy, after he Was gene, fied away with fome twenty
more to the Mohawks, fo our men miffed of him : yet dividing
themfelves, and ranging up and down as the Providence of God
guided them, for the \ndiins were all gone fave three or four, and
they knew not whither to guide them, or life would mt ; Vpon the
thirteenth of this Month they lighted upon a great Company, viz.
Eighty ftrong men, and two hundred Women and children, tn a
fmall Indian Town faft by a hideom Swamp, Vfhich they allfiipped
into, before our men could get to them. Our Captams were not
then come together f but there Was Mr. Lndlow and CaptainM^-
fon, with fome ren of their men, and Captain Vitrick -with fome
twenty er more of his,wha fheoting at the Indisins, Captain Tr^sk
with fifty more cime fpon in at thestoife. Then they gave order to
furround the Swamp, it being about a Mile round ; but Lieutenant
Davenport and fome twelve more, net hearing that Command,
fell into the Swamp amongft the Indians : The Swamp Was fo
thick, Wlthflirubs, and Boggie Withall, that fome ftuck, faft, and
received many fliot. Lieutenant Davenporc was dangeroufty
Wounded about his Arm-hole, 'and another flat in the Head, fo as
fainting they were in great danger to have been taken by the Indians,
iut Sergeant Riggs and Sergeant Jeffery, and two or three more,
refcued them, and flew divers of the Indians w'lth their Swords.
After theywere drawn out, the lndi:ins defired Parley, and were
offered by Thomas Scancono^r Interpreter, That if they would
come out and yield themfelves, they fliould have their lives that
had not their hand In the EngKfti Blood, whereupon- the Sachem of
the place came forth, and an old man or two, and their Wives and
children, and fo they fpake two hours, till it was night : Then Tho-
ttias Stancon was fent to them again, to call them forth, but they
faid they would fell their lives there; and fo fliot at him fo thick,
Ai if he had -not been prefently relieved and refcued on hts crying
out, they Would have^ flain him, Then our mn em off a place of
Swamp

1P4 New-Englands Memoriall. An.1^37.
Swamp Vftth their fwerds, and -cooped, up. the Indians into a nar
row compafs, fo as they could eafter kill them through the thickets :
fo they cont tnued all the night, ftandtng about twelve foot one from
another, andthe Indians coming up clofe to cur men, fliot their
Arrows fo thick,, as they pierccatheir Hat brims, and their fteeves
^fid fleckpis, and other parts of their Clothes , yet fo mirack-
loufly did the Lord preferve them^ as not one of them Was wounded,
fave thofe. three who rafhly Went into the Swamp as aforefaid. tvhen
it was near day it grew very dark-, fo as thofe of them iha^ "were
left, dropped away, though they , ftood but twelve or fourteen foot
eifunder, and Were prefently difcovered^andfome killed in-thepurfiiit.
In the fearching of the Swamp the next moming, they found nine
fiain, and fomethty pulled up, whom f/!)e Indians had buried in
¦the Mire : (0 as thej do think, thai of all this Compiny not twenty
did. efcape, for they after found fome who died in thepght of their
•wounds received. Xhe Prifoners were divided, fime to thofe of
f^e River,- andthe reft to us of thefe parts.. We fend the Male-
children to Bermuda's by Mr. William Pierce,'-.*^^/ ihe women
and Maid-children are difpofed about m the Towns. There have
been new fiain and taken in- all, about Seven hundred, ihe reft are
diflierfed, andthe Indians in all quarters fo terrified, as all their
friends are afraid to receive them. Two of the Sa.chems of Long-
Ifland came to Mr. Staughton, and tendred themfelves to be under
our Proteflion ; and two of the Nepannee Sachems have been
with me to feek our -Friend/hip. Among the Prifoners we Jiave
ihe wife and children of Mononoceo, a woman of averymodefi
countenance .and behaviour : It was iy her mediation that the two
Englifh Maids Were fliared from death, and were kindly ufed by
her ; fa. that J have taken charge of her. One of her firft requefls
Tv-w, Thac the-£»^//y& would not abufe her body, and that her
Children might not be caken from her. Thofe which Were
Wounded we' fetched foon off by John Gallop, who came withhis
Boat in an happy hour to bring them Visuals, and to carry their
Tvounded men te the Barque , where our chief Chirurgion was.
With Mr. Wilfon, being about eight leagues off. Our people '-Are
all in healthy the Lord he praifed; And although they had marched id

An.i637- Ncw- Englands Af^wjof-W/. to5
in their Arms all the day, and had been in fight all thi night ; yet
they prof effed they found themfelves fo, as phey could willingly have
gone to fuch another . bufinefs : the Captains report we have flain
thirteen Sachems, but Safacus and Monocco are fiill living , this
is the fubftance cf -xihat I have received, though I am forced to
omit many confiderable circumflances : fo being in much ftraight-
aiefs'of tifne, fhe (hips-being ti> depart within this four dayes, and in
them the Lord Lee and Mr., Vane ; 7 here break, off, and with
hearty Salutation, &c. / refi Your affured Friend,
fuly a8. 1637. fohn Winthrop.
To condude the difcourfe of this matter: This Safacta the
Pequot Sachem, being fled co the Mohawks, they cut off his head,
;and fome other of the chief of thera, whecher to fatisfie the
Englifli, or rather the Narrhaganfets (who as 1 have heard
hired them to do it) or for their own advantage, I know nor.
And thus this War took end ; the body of this People were
wholly fubdned, and their Country taken from them, and fuch
pf its Inhabicancs as had efcaped thc heat of our revenge, by
fire and fword, being neverthelefs ac the difpofe of the Con*
querers, were by tbe EygUfb appointed fome to the Narrhagan-
fets,znd fome to the Monhegens under ZJKkas thdr Sachem,who
had been faithful and ferviceable to them in this War: yet the'
,Narrhaganfets were not pleafed that themfelves had not the
fole Government of the Captives, and have fince been continu
ally quarrelling with the Monheags, and have fometimes been
plotting againft the £»^///S alfo ; but to conclude, the Peouotg
have finqe been taken under the immediate Government of the
Englifh Colonies, and live in thdr own Country, being Gover-
.nedbyfuchof their own, as are by the f^^/e/^ fubftituted and
appointed for that purpofe,

This

io6 New-Englands Memorial!. An. 1637.
This year Mr, ^/7//<j«b 3?W/o?"^ was chofen Governour- of
thejurifaidionof N^W-Plimoutht. And
Mr. EdisMrd winflow:, -v
Mr. Timothy Hatherly, j
Mr. William Collier, ( ^, ^ , .
Mr. Thomas Prime, ) Were ChOfenhiS Afliftantsr

Capt. A/y les- Standifli, ( '" Government.
And
Mr. fohn fenny.

This Year Mr. Theophilus Eaton and Mr. fohn Davenport, ac
companied with divers other 'Chriftians of fpecial eminency, be-
cdleA k fk- gan the four eh of the United Colonies in /v'fB^£«f/4/>^, called
Dutch New-Hxven, where tbey creded a Church of Chrift-, which
pocabert rtwi fOj^tinQe in Gofpd Order until chis day, in an amiable and
^^ufnnjphltr e^«"^P^fy manner < nocwithftanding they have met wich di-
*^ ^ ' vers loffes and crofles, both of eminent and ufeful Inftnmiencs,
as alfo of a great part of thdr eftates, as in fpecial by the lofs
of Mr. Lambertons ftiip. Of which faid Plantation and Colony,
Ihavelitiletoinfcrf, for want of more full and certain intcl-
figence. ; About this time there arofe great troubles in the Country,
efpecially at Bofhn, by the broaching of A>nimmian and Fami-
liflical Opinions; the chief fed-leader thereof, was one Mrs.
Hutchinfon '. thefe carried on thdr abominable Tenets, with
fuch fubtilty, under a pretcjKe of advancing ft ee- grace, and
crying up the Covenant of Grace, and down tbe Covenant of
Works ; as thoy took away (by their afferctons ) Grace from
the CovsnattC', yea fo clofe was this myftery of Jniquicy carried
on, as that fome of the prudeneeft of che Orthodox parcy,
could notdifocrn tc at che firft ; buc at length, the folly of thofe
that" were principal therein was made manifeft unco all men;
the evil confequences thereof faced very fadly, fo a? it influ
enced inco cheir Civil Scace, and caufed greac difturbance : buc
by Gods bleflTing on the improvemenc ofthe faithful endeavours cf

Aai637. New-Englands iy^wwrf//, 107
pf his.Servancs,theMeffengers of the Churches, who were
called together as a Synod to help in the cafc; ibgeehcr wich
tlic prudence andinduftry of fundry principal ones amongfi
them, boch in Church and State a'c ocher cfmes : a righc undcr
ftanding of fomefewtfiings, in difference amongft the fincere
and godly, was proa'ted. The Ring-leaders of the Fadion
bdng thus deeeded were cenfured, noe only hy the Cburch,
but by the Civil power,and were alfo condemned to exile ; who
not knowing Where they mighc fie down fafdy, made requcfts
uneo che Governmenc of Plimouth, tiiac thcy might be ac an
Ifland, chac ehey had noe hicherco improved, called by the In
dians Aqueinet, ( and by the Engliflr inhabiting ie Roaf-jfland)
which che Governmenc of Plimouth afbre;faid, confidering chey
Werceneir Coufitry-men aud fellow Snbjeds thac were chus,
diftreffcd, and defticuce bf habitation, although chey fiad cheir
errors in as greac diflike as chofe from whence they came,, yei
pitcying-ehem in their prefene ftraighcs , granted ri'idr re
queft : fo thefe having chere feated themfelves, and finding
tnat ic w.« a very fruitful and pleafane place, (fuch indeed, as
thac Colgt^y or Jurisdidion hach noe any che like left within
their Pacene.) chey foon drew many more uneo cnem, noe only
to fill up chae liUnd, bue have alfo feated cwo more Towns on
the Main; therein ( as is. judged ) incroaching upon the juft
rights of the .iforefaid Colony of Plimouth, and have of lace
through mif information obcained a Patene, noe only for che
placesforemencioned, buc have alfo extended ic i/ico che heare
and bowels of the known & poffeffcd rights of che faid Colony .-
enddvoring co requite thdr kindnefs,as fometimes ic is faid the
Hedge-hog did by che friendly Coney. Bat ic is our great hap
pinefs, thac as God cakes notice from on high of che unrighte-
pufncfs and oppreflion of the fons of men, fo hehach given us
a gracious Prince, who mindes che peace of His meaneft Sub-
jed.s/rom whofe Juftice and Prudence we do confidencfy exped
relief, and on that affurance do refolycby Gods help to contain
our felves from feeking to vindicace our wrongs in ftich a way
a J their injurious dealings mighc provoke unco.-
P.2 This

io8 New-Englands Memoriall. An.1637.
This Year there w.is'a hideous Alonfter born at Bofton in
New-England, oi. One Mrs. Mariy Dyer, a Co-parcner wich the
faid Mrs. /:/«;fAi»/o«, in the aforefaid Herefies ; the Cdd Mon-i
fltr ( as it v/as related to me) // was jfiithout Head, but Horns
like. a Beaft, Scales or a rough skin like the fifli called tbe Thorn-
back, it had Leggs and Claws like a Fovel, and in other ¦ refpeHs as
nWomanChilde: the Lord declaring "his deceftation 'of their
Monftrous errors ( as was then thought by fome ) by this pro
digious Birth.
Not long before thefe Troubles, tnerc arrived at Bofton one
SamuelGorton, who from tliencc came to Plimouth; andupOn
his firft coming thieher, gave fome hopes that he would have
proved an ufeful Inftrument, but foon after, by liccle and little,
difcovered himfelf to bea proud and peftilenc Seducer, and
deeply leavened wich blafphemous- and Familifiical Opinions':
and obferving fuch Fidions co be fpread by fome of his Spirit
already in the Country, he takes his opporcunicy to begin to
fowe fuch feed at Plimouth, whereby fome werefeduced, ia
fpecizl one fohn Weeks znd his Wife, who in fome fhort time
became very Atheifts, looking for no more happinefif then this
world affords, noe onely in pradice-fucb, buc alfo in opinion.
Buc che faid Gorton falling inco fome Controvcrfie with one
Mr. Ralph Smith, was. fummoned to the Courr'hdd-at PH-
moHth the ionrthoi- December 1638, to Anfwer the faid Mr;
Smiths Complaint; and -there he carried fo mucinoufly and
fedicioufly, as chat he was for the fafne, and for his turbulent
carriages towards both Magiftraces and -Minifters in the de
fence of the Court, Sentenced to finde Sureties -for his good
Bdiavioar, during che time he fliould ftay in the Jurifdidion,
which was limited to fourteen dayes , and alfo Artrerced copay
a confiderable Fine. In* fome fliort time after he departed to
Road-Ifiand, and in like manner or worfe demeanea himfelf
there, fo as they were forced to Sentence him to fuffcr Cor
poral Puniftiment by /*'j?i/^;);k?, and they BimThed him' likewife
off thc Ifldnd. And from thence he with divers of his* Ac
complices went to Providence, and there he a^nd they carried Co
in

An.i637. New-Englands Memori&lL ' oP
in oucragc and riocoufly, as chey were in danger to havc caufed
Bloodthedj foas the Inhabicancs fome of tiiem, vi<.. Mr. Roger
Williams and ochers, were conftraincd co follicice the Govern
menc of the Maffachufets for aid, and help them againft thdr
Infoiencies : And for chae end, fome of chem defired to come
under thdr Jurifdidiou,and were accepted. Moreover, fevcnal
of the poor Ndghbouring Natives were fo injurioufly wrong-'
ed by them the faid (7orf»» and his Company, they feeking to
bereave them of thdr juft Righcs of Lands by furrepcitious
wayes ; in fpecial, Pomham znd Sokanoko, two petty Sachems theAnfmrof
living noe farre off from Providence, v/ho were bereaved of ^»^EW inflow
their juft Rights in Lands by improving the Tyranny of Mi- ^^g^ffl'
antonmpk_, the then chief Sachem of the Narrhaganfets, tor sj,ppiicitifs
the procuring thereof, which neccflficaced che feid under- dcfenaaganft
Sachems co make cheir Appeal to the Court of thc Maffachu- the feven hea.
/?if/ for help in thdr oppreffed condition, fubjcding themfdves '^¦^^Kl'^'^l^
and thdr Lands unco thdr Jurifdidion likewife : which caufed ^Jj'^n J, ' ,j_
the faid Government to Require thdr Appearance ac Boflon, cuUrmteligace
to Anfwer the Complaints of thofe opprelTed Englifh and In- cenccrn'm^ all
dians. But notwichftanding chey feveral tiroes fenc to chem (he iriinfaa'ms,
witii all gendenefs and courteous expreflions, they neither ap- f/^°/-l^^'ulf
peared, nOr fenc fatisfying Reafons for thdr abfence; buc in X/r'r/.iwM^e
flead tliereof, many infolenr, proud, railing, opprobrious Ke- ettoits.
turns : fo that the faid Government faw there was no remedy,
but to fend force toconftrain them to come ; which they ac
cordingly peiformcd, andCommicted the did Gorton and fe
veral of 'them to Ward: and during the time of their Impri-^
foriment, they carried ftill very proudly and audacioufly to
wards all in place of Authority, fparing not to reproach, abufe
and traduce tbe moft Honourable and Reverend boch in Church
and State ; and which is yec worfe, fpared noe blafphemoufly
tb fly upon the Lord Jefus himfdf, his Word and Ordinances,
mf^hs mafiher a^ fcarce in any Age any Herecicksor Apo-
rtatcs have done the like : Not ondy ab.indoning and rejeding
all Civil Power and Authority, (except moulded according to
their own Fancies) bat belching oue errours in cheir Famili-
V 3 flical

Iio New-Englands .A/f«jom//. An.1637.
fticall Allegories (if I may fo call them) as (to fpeak With holy
-I'cver ence) they rendred the Lord Chrift no ocher then an
7w^|i»^;;o«; ftiunning not blafphemoufly CO faiy, T'ferC/iy//?
HomhlePam- Was but a fliadow andrefimhiance'-of what is done in every Chri-
plmyZ'iiiy-^^'''^ ' -Thac C)?^;-//? Was Incarnate in Adam, And was that Image
were fpttl(enb^, °f God Wherein Kd^taWas created; and, That his being berr
aid d'lffer Utile afterwards of the Virgin Mity, and fuffering, was but a mani-
'fron tbe (nrfed fieflation of his- fuffering in Adam; That Man's lofing Cods
doameofikle j^^g^ ^^j the Death of Chrifl; That Chrifi is the Covenant
KyNicoTsV^'J^f''^/; and. That Faith and Chrifi are all one: They call the
rrt«n<:.r,ri Nick. ;. J ^^'V Word , and Sermons of Salvation,^ !?'^/i*j;-the Lords-
SUpper,. An, Abomination, .^nd A Spell ; Baptifrt, Vanity and
Abomination ; th6 Minifters of the Word, Necromancers: and
by other; opprobrious terms villifi^ and rraduce thern. Much
-more might be fpoken and mentioned of tWs fluff,' which they
have Aot been afhanied to divulge.^but a little' is enough :
fayebutto give the "Readert^ fee' the Lords goodnefs towards
his pbor peoplein iVif;-J5'-^«|^/^«'(S?, (hac hath delivered- uS, and
faved us of his grace from' ehdr pernicious d'eftrudive wayes,
and hach fo deeeded thdr folly, as ic is made manifeft to all
men. In fine, the faid (7e>'AOT and his fellow- Prifoners were
fever.il of them Sentenced to remain in durance in feveral
Towns of the Jurifdidion of the Maffachufets for fix Months,
and afterwards Banifhed.
He was arfiibtile Deceiver,, courceous in'his carriage coall
at fometimes (for his own ends) buc foon moved wich paflion,
and foloil that which he gained upon the fimple. - To fhuc up
what I have-to-fay conteniing him, which is fad; He is fince
become a fordid man in b*s. lift, as he hath been deda'red tobe
in his ctirfed Priihciples and Opinions, and hath not fliunned to
fay and affirm. That all tbe felrcicy we are like to have, we
rmift exped in this life, and no more: and therefore advifed
one withWbom'he had fome fpeech, to make much of her fiVf
fir-Jhe'mufh txpefl'no More bsit what fhe could en'yoy in this life
or words to.che fame effed.- Thus evil nien' and deceivers grow
Worfe andf'^or.fe, deceiving and being deceilied, 2 Tim, 3. 1 3.
1638.

An.i63R« New- Englands Memoriall. in
I <^ 3 8,
THis Year Mr. Thomas Prince was Chofen Gover ftour. of
the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth :
Mr. William Bradford,
Wr. Edward winfiow,
'- - ' f^ vernment.

Mr. fohn fenny,
Mr. fohn Atwood
Mr. fohn Brownf

This year three men were Executed for Robbing and Mur-
theringan /w^'i" near PnroiVfwf, which befides the Evidence
that came againft them," they did in fubftance Confefs againft
tliemfdves, and were Condemned by Legri Tryal. Some have
thought it great feverity, to Hang three Englifh for one Indian;
but thc more Confidcratc will eafily fatisfie themfelves for the
Legality of it : and indeed, fliould we fuffer their Murtherers
to go unpunifhed, we might juftly fear that God would fuffer
thera to take a raore fharp Revenge. By fuch Arguraents was
the Government of Plimouth moved by the Government of
the Maffachufets to do Juftice in tlie cafe. And here may be
noted, That the Maffachufefs rcfufcd this Tryal, as bemg com
micced in thc JyUrifdidion of Plimouth; and they of Road--
//Z<j»^ having Apprehended them,- ddiveredthem tothcafore-
hiid Jurifdidion of Plimouth on the fame^grbunds.
This Year, about thc fecond of j'/^wf, there was a great and
fearful Earthquake : It was heaid before if came with a
rumbling NoiVe, or low murmure, li^eunto remote Thunder.
ht came from the Nonhwards, iund paffed Southwards : .as the
Noife* approached near, the Earth began to quake ; and ic
came at length with that violence, as caufed Ptecers, Difliey, and

112 New-Englands J^^^wmj//. An.1639.
and fuch like things which ftood upon Shelves, to clatter and
fall down ; yea, people were afraid of their Houfes ; and it
wasfo, as that fome bdng without doors could noe ftand, buc
were fain to catch hold of Pofts and Pales co prevenc them
from falling. About half an hour after, or lefs, came anocher
Noife and fhaking, buc noe fo loud nor ftrong as thc former.
It was not onely on che Land, buc ac Sea alfo ; for fome Ships
thac were on che Sea coaft were fhaken by ic : (o powerful is
the mighty hand of the Lord, as to caufe both the Earth and
Nihvirn i. Seato flake, andthe Mountains to tremble before him .- His way
3.4 ' T ^' is in the whirlwind, andthe fform andthe Clouds are the dufi of his
feet; the Rocks are thrown down before him : who can fland before
his indignation ? and Who can abide in the fiercenefs of his anger ?

16^9.
THis Ycai: Mr. william Bradford was Chofen Governour
of Plimouth :
Mr. Thomas Prince,
Capcain Ildiles Standifh,
Mr. fohn Alden,
Mr. fohn Brown, ^ were Chofen Afiiftants.
Mr. ivilliam Collier,
Mr. Timothy H,itherly,
Mr, fohn fenny,
ThisYear HARVARD COLLEDGE wasErcdcd
ac Cambridge in New-England , which was fo called in Re
membrance of 3 worchy Gentieman , who liberally Concri-
buced cowards the Charge of the Ereding of ic.
This Year the great Sachem Woofamequen, fometimes called
Maffafoiet, and Mooanam his Son, came inco the Court held
at Plimouth in New-England, on the Five and twentieth day of

An.1639^. Ncw-Englands Menaortall. *'3
t^ September, in thdr own proper perfons, and defired that
the andent League and Confederacy formerly made with the
Government of Plimouth siiovefaid, (wherein he acknowledged
himfelf Subjed to the King of England and his Succeffors )
may ftand, and remain inviolable : And the faid woofamequen
ahd Mooanam his Son, for themfelves and their Succeffors, did ue thit here is
faithfully promife to keep and obferve the Covenants and Con- ctHed^ Mooa-
dicions cherein exprcffed and contained, which on thdr parts ^^^'V^^^^^
Are likewife to be kept and obferved. And che faid woofame- J^^s lal^^ -
qucn , and Mooanam his Son , did then alfo promife to the wamfnwa ; it
whole .Court aforefaid. That he nor they fhall nor will need- bfixg^iffuaU for
lefly or uti juftly raife any quarrels, or do any wrong to other -the indmsta
Natiycs,to provoke them to War againft him; and. That he nor ^^^S^« /fc"*"
they fliall not Give, Sell or Convey any of his or thdr Lands,
Terricorics or Poffelfions whacfoever, to any perfon or perfons
whomfocver, wichouc the privity and confent of the Govern
menc of P//«?o«f A aforefaid, ocher then to fuch as the faid Go
vernment (hall fend or appoint. All which Conditions the
faid Woofamequen, and Mooanam his Son, for themfelves and
thdr Succeffors, did then faithfully promife to obferve and
keep. And the whole Courc , .in the Name of the whole
Government, for each Town refpedively, did then likewife
Ratifie and Confirm the aforefaid ancient League aud Confe-
"deracy ; and did alfo further promife to the faid JVoofamequen,
and Mooanam his Son, and their Succeffors, That they ftiall
and Wilt from time to time defend the faid Woofamequen, and ^^ *^'^ ^^^
Mooanam hts Son, and their Succeffors, when need and occafion y^^'''^'
fhall require , againfl all fuch as fliall unjuftly rife up againft
them to Wrong or opprefs them unyuftly.

1640,

114 New-Englands Af^wm^//. An.164041.

1 6 i\. o>

M

K. William Bradford was Eleded Governour of the
Jurifdidion of Plimouth'-.

Mr. Thomas Prince,,
Mr. will am Collier^
Mr. fohn Brown,
Captain Milts Standifli,
Mr. Timothy Hatherly,
and
Mr. Edmond Freeman,

>v/cre Eleded AfTiftantJ.

J

Hjs Year Mt..wllHam Bradfoi^d was HIeded Governour
of the Jurifdidion' of New-Plimouth;

*Tr*'

Mr. Edward Winfiea^,
Mr. Thomas Prince,
Mr. William Collier,
Captain Miles Standifli,
Mr. Timothy Hatherly,
Mr. fohn Brown, and
Mr. Edmond Freeman,

were Chofen Affiftants
to him in Governmenc,

1642,

An. 1641. New-Englands Memoriall. II5

T

His Year Mr. william Bradford was 'Eleded Governour
of the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth .-
Mr. Edward winfiow,
Mr. Thomas Prince,
Mr. William Collier, r-i £l j » rrn
\t,. rr- I zj .1 I were Eleded Affiftants
Mr. Timothy Hatherly, s \ ¦ ¦ r^
xK.. a • T> r tohiminUovernmenc.
Mr. fonn Brown, I
Mr. William Thomas, and I
Mr. Edmond Freeman, J
In reference unto the three years laft fpecified, although I
havc no fpecial Providence to take notice of, particularly co
affign CO each of them, lave the continuance of Gods mercy
and goodnefs in the Annual Eledion of godly and able Ma
giftrates in che Jurifdidion of Plimouth, as is before-noted ;
yec nocwichftanding we are co cake notice of thc coneinued
Peace and Plency, wieh which not onely thefe three years (re-
llridivcly confidered) but alfo for many years cogecher both
before and after them , New-England was fo marvelloufly
gratiaecd. Buc chac which is more, thac abouc chefe times
thc Lord was picafed of his great goodnefs richly to accora-
plifh and adorn thc Colony of Plimouth (as well as ocher Co
lonies in New-England) wieh a confiderable number of god
ly and able Gofpel-Preachers , who chen bdng difperfed
and difpofed of co chc feveral Churches and Congregations
thereof, gave Lighc in a glorious and refplendcnc manner, as
burning and fhining Lights : Which mercy and cranfcendenc
favour, had noe Sin and Saeans envy interpofed, mighc have
rendred chem greatly happy and profperous ; ic being ob
ferved, Thac where Gofpcl-difpenfacion flourifhech, there
1*rofperjry in other refpeds may ufually be expeded.
CLz In

1 16 New Enghnds A/f /»«"¦/''/''• An.1643.
Inrefercnceunto the honour of God, and due refpeds un
to fuch worthy Inftruments, I thought meet CO nominate fome
of che fpedaileii of chem ; viz.
Mr. Charles Chauncy, Mr. Samuel Newman,
Mr. Willthn Hook, Mr. William leverich,
Mr. Nicholas Street, Mr. Richard BUnman,
Mr, ^ohn Lay t hop, Mr. Edward Bulkly^
M.t-^'hn Mayo, Mr. fohn Miller,
Mr. fohn Reyner, Mr. Marmaduke Matthews,^
Mr. Ralph Partridge,
Wich fome others chat mighc be named. Thefe fome of them
ftayed noe long ere they removed, fome inco thc Neighbour-
Colonies, (omsinto Old- England, and others co their Eternal
Reft, whereby che faid Jurifdidion was wanting in a greac mea
fure for fome time of fuch a Blefling ; Howbeit, the Lord hath
fince gracioufly raifed up a fupply co divers of che faid Congre
gations, and raore may be expeded according co his Promifes.

I d 4. 3.
THis Year Mr. William Bradford' vi^^'elt&KdQoverinOMT-
of the Jurifdidion of New- Plimouth x And
Mr, Edward tvin flow

Mr. Thomas Prince, j

Mr. William Collier / ^^^^^^ , ^.^ . ^^Iftancs
Mr. Timothy Hatherly, ^ j^ Government.
Mr. fohn Brown, t
Mr. Edmond Freeman, \
And Mr. william Thomas, -J
This Year about the eighteenth day of April died Mr. Wil
liam

An.i643. "Ntw-Enghhds Memoridff 117
liam Breuifter, the Ruling Elder of the Church of Chrifl at
jP/iwowf/E? ; concerning whom, I could fay much of mine own
knowledge; buc I fliall content my felf, only to infert the ho
nourable Teftimony (hat Mr. ^///;rf;» Bradford deceafed, hath
left wriceen wich his own hand, concerning him.
Saich he, My dear Friend Air. William Brewfter was a
mart that had done and ft, ffered much for thc Lord feft.u, and the
Cofpels fake, and hath born his part in weal and y¥oe. With this poor
perfecuted Church, above thirty fx years, in England, Holland,
and in this Wildernefs ; " and done the Lord an^ them faithful fer
vice in his place and calling : a-nd notivithftanding the many troubles
and forrows he paffcd through, the Lord upheld him to a great age ; ,
he-was four fcore and four years ef age whin he died; he had this y^tt iwih of
bleffing added by the Lord to all the reft, to dye in his bed in peace a- ^'"- ^''''!«^
mongfl the midft of hu friends , who mourned and Wept over him, '
and mlniflred what help and comfort they could unto him ; and he
again recompenfed them whiles he could : his fic}<r,efs was not long^
and until the laft day thereof, he did not whdly keep his bed, his
fpeech continued until fomcwhat more then half a day before his
death, andthen failed him, afid about nine or teii of the clock '^"^^
evening he died without any pangs at all; a few hours before, he
drew his breath fliort, and fome fe-iv minutes before his laft, he drew
his breath long, as a man fallen into d found fieep. Without any pangs
sr gaf ping, arid fofweetly departed this life unto a better. ' '*'
' / Would now demand of any, what he "ieas the Worfe for former
fufferings? what, do I fay worfe? no, he was the better,' andthey
now added to his honor ; Ic is a manifeft token (faith the Apoftle ) 1 Th«(r.~i.
of the righteous Judgemene of God, thac we may be counced 'i^^'i-
worchy of che Kingdom of God,for which we alfo fuffer; feeing
ic is a righceous thing with God, to recompence tribulation to
them chae crouble you, and CO you who are croubled, reft with
us when the Lord Jefus fliall be revealed from Heaven, with his
mighcy Angels ; and if you be reproached (faith the Apoftle iP«.viv
Peter ) for thc Name of Chrift, happy are ye, for the Spi
rit of God and of Glory fhall reft upon you : what' though he
waxied the riches and pleaf ures of the World in this^ life f and, Pom-
Q^ 3 poM

ii8 Ncw-Englands iWfw^Jr/d//. An.1643.
powmonumeuts of his Funeral? yet the memorial of the Juft
Prov. 10 17. Chaii [j(. bleffed, when the name of the wicked fliall roc .( with
their Alar ble Monuments.) He was well educated in learning,as at
inferiour Schools, fl alfo at the Vniverfity ; and from thence -went
to the Court, a-/id there ferved Air, Davifon a godly Gentleman,
and Secretary of State to £lucen Elizabeth, and attended him on his
Etnbaffage intoWolhnd, a-nd was imployed by him in matters of
greateft truft ; as in keeping of the Keys of the Cautionary Towns
delivered up to him for her Majefly, and things of the like nature ;
his Mafler Would alwayes in private confer with him as a friend or
equal: he afterwards lived 'in good efteem in his own Country, and
did much good, until the troubles of thofe times enforced his remove
intoHoWund, and fo inio'Hiew-'Ei'nghnd, and'^as in both places of
flngular ufe and benefit to the Church and Teople of PlimOuch
^fereof he was ; being eminently qualified for fuch workas the
Lord had appointed him unto, of which flould I /peak particularly
as I might, Ifljould prove tedious : I flaU content my.^ felf therefore
only to have made honorable mention in general of fo worthy a
mark. And here I mighc cake occafion eo mention with admiration,
the marvellous providence of God, chac nocwichftanding the
many changes and hardfhips that this people, viK- the firft Plan
ters ac New Plimouth wene chrough,and che many Enemies they
had,and difficulties they met withal,chac fo many of chem fhould
live uncil'very old age : Ic was not only this Reverend mans
condition, but many more of thcrri did thc like ;' fome dying
liefore and abouc this time, and fome living, who accaincd eo
fixty years of age, and to fixty five, divers to fevency, and fome
to more then eighty as he did : It muft needs be more chen or
dinary, aad above naturaHeafon that fo it fhonid bc; for ie is
found in experience, chae changing of Air, Famine, and un-
wholfome Food, much drinking, of Water, Sorrows, and
Troubles ^c. all of them are enemies to health, caufes of
much difeafes, confumers of naeural vigor, and che bodies of
men, and fliorcners of life; and yec of all chefe chings they
had a large and long pare, and fuffered deeply in che fame: they

An.1643. New-Englands Memoriall. 119
Kheywentirom England to HolUnd, where they found both
worfe Air & DieT,clien thac chey came from; from chencc,cndu-
ring a long imprifonmenc in the fliips ac Sea inco New-England;
& how it hach been with them here hath already been fliewn, 8c
what croffes, troubles, fears,wancs and forrows they havc been
liable unto, is eafily to be difcerned, fo as in fome fort chey may
fay wich che Apolile, they were !» fourneys often, tn perils 0/ i Cor. n.
Waters, in perils of Robbers, in perils cf their own Nation, f«/*.*7.
perils amongft the Heathen, in perils in the Wildernefs, in ^perils iri
theSea, in perils amongft falfe Brethren, in Wearinefs\ in painful-
Kefs,inwatching often, in hunger, thirft, tn fa fling often, in cold
'and nakednffs : Whac was le chen chae upheld chem? It was
Gods vification chac preferved their fpirics ; he chac upheld che Jobio.it.
Apoftle,'uphtld chem : They V/ere perfecuted bur'not forfaken, caft 2. Cor.4 9.
down bp;t per'ifhed not, as unknown and yet known, as dying and be- 2 Cor. 9^.
hold we live, as chaft ened and yet not killed.
God ( ic feems ) would have all men behold fuch works of
his Providence, as chefe are cowards his people, thac chey in
like cafes mighc be incouraged co depend upon him in their
trials, and alfo blefs his Name when they fee his goodnefs to
wards others; Man lives not by bread only : It is not by dainty Deut. 8 3.
fare, peace, reft and hearts eafe, in enjoying contentments and
good chings of this World only, chac preferves healch and pro
longs life: God (in fuch examples) would have the World
take notice, that he can do ic wichouc chem; and if che World
will fhuc ehdr eyes and cake 'no notice chereof, ycc he would
have his people co fee and confider ic : Daniel could be in beccer
liking wich Pulfe, chen wich che Kings daincies; facob, though he
went from one Nation to anocher People, and paffed through
Famine, Fears and many .nfflidions, yet he lived until old age,
and died fwcecly and refted in che Lord,35 many others of Gods
fervanes have done, and ftill do through Gods goodnefs, noc
wichftanding all che mahce of their enemies; when the hr.wch Job jj.p.
ef the -wicked fliall be cut off before his day, and the bloody and de- Ffal. jj.ij.
aitful man fliall not live cut half his dayes.
By reafon of the plotting of the Narrhaganfets eyerfmce the:
PeqUfi

UO New-Englands i^f«?c;'/rt//. An.i64j.
PequQt War , che Indians were drawn into a general confpiracy
againft che £'«^/<)?' in all parts, as was in pare difcovered che
year before, and now made more plain and evident, by many
difcoveries and free confeffions of fundry Indians, upon feve
ral occafions, from divers places, concurring in one ; with fuch
other concurring circumftances, as gave che Englifli lufRciencly
tounderftandthetruchchereof, and cochinkof means how to
prevent thc fame. In which refped, together with divers other
and more weighty reafons , thc four Colonies ( viii. ) the
'Maffachufets, Plimouth, ConeBicot and NeW-Haven, , entred
into amorc near Union and Confederation the nineccench day
of May 1643. and the Articles of the faid confederation were
1 figned by the Commiffioners of thc faid Jurifdidions refpe
dively, by which were Authorized thereunto. ' viz.
fohn winthrop Governour of the Maffachufets.^
Thomas Dudley.
Edward Winflow.
William Collier.
Edward Hopkins.
Thomas Grigfon.
Theophilus Eaton.
George Fenwick.
The faid Articles at large, with fundry other particulars ap
pertaining thereunto, together wieh the particulars concerning
the plotting, concrivemencs, menadngs and infoiencies of the
Narrhaganfets againft the Englifli, together with the provifion
See Ails of the and preparation made by the jE«^/«/^ for an expedition againft
CommifTioners them, with the yieldings and compliajice of the faid Narrhagan-
for nhe United y^, ^^ [q the Englifh, and the Compofition and Articles of agrce-
coionies of tiE. ^ent made with them, ^r. thefe are all to be feen as tbey are
f/'f!'^''*" at large extant in the Records of tbe Commiffioners for the
"* United ..Colonies rof/i\rfw-J?»^/<?»^,iWhercunco I refer tlw
Reader.'
1644.

An.i644. New-Englands Memoriall. l^t_
1^44,
THis Year Mr. Edward winfiow was Eleded Governour
of the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth:
Mr. William Bradford,
Mr. Thomas Prince,
Mr, William Collier, , t-i « ¦ t. . /s-n
Mr. Timothy HathenA""''^ Eleded his Affiftants in
Mr. fohn Brown, ( Govcrnmenr.
Mr. William Thomas,
Mr. Edmond Freeman,,
This Year Mr. fohn Atwood died, he was a godly man, fingu
larly endowed with the grace of Patience, and having a large
eftate became a ufeful bencfador to the Colonie of New-
Plimouth ; he departed this life,expreflling great Faith in Chrift,
and a cheerful expedation of the reftoration of his body at the
general Refurredion in Glory.
, This Year many ot the Town of Plimouth, by reafon of
fome ftraights thac were upon them, took up thoughts of re
moving to fome other place for thdr better accommodation,
and for that end made a n^ore exad and particular difcovery of
a place called by the Indians, Namfet; which place being purcha-
fcd by them of the Indians, divers of the confiderableft of the
Church and Town removed thieher,and creded a Town, which
is oow called by the name of Eaftham.

R t6i\i

122 New-Englands Memorials An. 1645.
I 6 fip f,
THiis year Mr. wHlfam Tudford ms Eleded Governour
of the Jurifdidion of Nc^'PHmoutb. And
Mr. Edward winfiow, "^
Mr. Thomas Prince, J
Mr. William Collier,. ( ,„ „,«...
Cnpt. Myles Standifh, > Were Eleded his Afliftants
Mr. Timothy HathertyA «n Government*
Mr. fohn BroWn, &\
Mr. Edmond Freeman, *^
The Commiifioners of the \Xtkei Colonies of New-Eh-
gUftd were called together this Year, before their ordinary
. . timeof meeting, partly in regard of fome differences between
wfsh!ldtki2 tf'ePmcA andthe Governmenc of the Maffaehufets, aboue
of Inly, ii4f. their aiding of Monfilr Latere z^infk, Monfeir de Aulney, and
partly .ibouc the /W/<i«/, who had broken their former agree
ments about tbe peace concluded the year before ; as concern
ing fuch conduiions and determinations which paffcd in this
meeting, in reference to the premifes, I fliall refer the Reader
unto the Ads of the faid Commiflioners for that Year, as they
are recorded at large.

1646.

An.1646. New-Englands Memoriall. 123
I 6 j^. €,
* His Year Mr. William Bradford was Cliofen Governour
of the Jurisdidion o? New-Plimouth :
Mr. Edward Winflow, ^
' Mt. Thomas Prince,' J
Mr. William Collier, f , „ , ,
Captain Miles Standifli, Vwere Eleded his AfllftantS
Mr. Timothy Hatherly, C m Government.
And \
Mr. Eidmond Freeman, -J
About the raiddle of /^^yr this Year, there came three Men
of War into Plimouth Harbour, under the command of Capcain
Thomas Cromwel, who had taken feveral Prizes frora the
Spaniards, by Commifliion from the Earl of Warwick,-, chey
Averc full of monies, filks, and ocher rich goods, fome of which
they left behinde thera. They were a company of lufty ftout
men, but very unruly and hard to govern ; nocwichftanding
thecareand vigilance, both of fuch as were in Auchoricy of
Plimouth, and alfo of tlieir own Commanders, who could hardt
ly reftrain thera, efpecially frora. inordinate drinking rand quar
relling : It proved, fatal to one of them, who bdng quarrelling
wich one of their own company, and being commaHded, by
thdr Captain to forbear, he giving veiry provoking Language,
and alfo atterapting to" draw upon his Captain ;, he took his
Rapier from him, and ftruck hira on the head, with the Hilc, of
which wound,chree or four dayes afeer he died: the Capcain was
tried by a Council of War, andacijuittedby the largenefs of
his Coramiflion.
ThisYear Mr. Edward VVinflow> went for England, upon
occafion that forae difcontented perfons, under ^e Govern
ment of the Maffachufets, fought to trouble their peafe, and
R Z difturb

'^4". Ncw-Englands Memoriall. An. 1647.
'difturb, if not innovate their Government, by laying many
fcandals upon them, and intended to profecute againft them in
England, by Petitioning and Complaining to the Parliament.
Alio Samuel Gorton and his company, made complaint agiiinfl
them ; fo as they made choice of Mr. Winfiow to bc their
Agent to make their defence, and gave him Commiffion and
Inftrudions for that end : in which he fo carriedhimfdf, as did
well anfwer their ends, and cleared them from any blame and
difhonour, to the fhame of thdr Adverfaries. After this he
fell upon other imployments in England, which detained him
there, foas he returned not again to New-England any more,
whofe abfence hach been much to the weakening of the Go
vernment of New- Plimouth, who had large experience of his
help and ufefulnefs amongft chem in Governmenc, dr. of whom
;I havc more CO inferc in honour of fo worchy a Gencleman in
its more proper place.'

M^

I 6* 4 7.
R.- williamXBradford Was Eleded Governour of the
Jurifdidion of iV(ri}7-P//»;9«^^ ;
Mr. Edward winflow,
Mr. Thomas Prince,
-Mr. William Collier, 1 ^i^^^j ^j^ . ^^^^

'Mr. Timothy Hatherly,
Captain Miles Standi^,
Mr. f ehn Brown, And
Mr, William' Thomas,

ftantsiaGoyernmente

This

iMr; Hool^cr.

An.1647. New-Englands Memoritlf iiS
This Year che whole Land, buc more efpecially the Church
and Town of Hartford on ConeUicot, fuftained a great and
more then ordinary Lois; by the Death of that moft eminent
Servane of Jefus Chrift Mr. Thomas Phoker , who in ihc '^^'^."'^"^^^^f^
Monch of fuly in this year changed this Life for a better ''^'
Concerning whofe Piecy, Learning, and fingular dextericy in
Preaching chc GofpcLwich anfwcrable fuccefs, the many Souls
wrought upon by his Miniftry in both Old-England and New,
do give forth a large Teftimon y ; and withall, .is an addition
to che former,, thofe Learned and Profitable Works penned
by him for the Refutation' of Errour,- and guiding and * con
firming of the Saincs in- thc Wayes of Chrift: In which re
fpeds, with ochers, hisName will live, and is Embalmed -.and
doth remain, and will bc as a- precious Oyntmene in che Chur
ches, and amongft che Saincs, in prefene and fucure Ages,
This fpedal Servane of Chrift, as he ferved his Mafter.wich
great Zeal, Love, Wifdome, and Sincericy ; fo he ended his
Life wieh much Comfort and Serenity ; fo as ie is rare that WaS
faid of him", That the peace which, he had in believing thirty
years before bis death. Was firm and not touched by the Adverfary
untill the period of his life: And with much joy and peace in
believing he fell afleep in the Lord, and was honourably buried
at Hartford on Conetlicot.
In whofe Memorial, I fhall here fhfcrt the Funeral Elegies of
two erainent Divines, wriceen upon his Deach.
On my Reverend and dear Brother, Mr. Thomas Hooker,
Lace Paftor of the Church at Hartford on ConeFlieet,
TO fee three things Was holy Auftins Wijh,
Rome in her Flower, Chrift feftu in the Flefh,
Andfauli'th Pulpit : Lately men might (ee.
Two firfi, and more, in Hookers Miniftry.
Zion in Beauty, is a fairer fight.
Then Rome in Flower, rvith all her glory dlght :
R 3 'yet

ii6 Ncw-Englands Memoriall. An. 1647.
Tet Zions Beauty did moft tiearly fline
InUookers Rule, andDoElrine: both Divine..
chrift in the Spirit, is more'then Chrifl in Flefli,
OurSouls to quicken, and our States to blefs ?
Tet Chrifl in Spirit brake forth mightily.
In faithful Hookers fearching Miniftry.
-Paul *> the Pulpit, Hooker could not reach ^
Tet did He Chrift in Spirit fo lively preach.
That living Hearers thought. He did inherit
A. double. Portion of PaulS-' lively fpirit.
Prudent in Rule, in Argument quick., full :
Fervent in Prayer, tn Preaching- powerful! :
Thai Well did learned Ames record bear.
The like to Him he never Wont to hear.
'Twos of Geneva's worthies faid^ Keith Wonder,
(Thofe Worthies Three:) Farell was wont to Thunder',
Virec, liks R^i»t on tender g/afs to ftiorver ;
ButQa\\in, litiely Oracles to pour.
All thefe in Hookers ffirit- did remain :
A Son of Thunder, and a Shower of Rain,
A pourer forth of Lively Oracles, ¦
In faving Souls, the fum of Miracles.
NowbleffedHooket, thou art fet en high.
Above the thankfefs World, and cloudy skjee
Do thou of all thy labour reap the Crown,
whilft We here Hap the feed which thou baft. fown.

J. c.

Aft,i547. New-Englands ^f«?<?r/rfi^, 127
A Lamentation for the Death of thac Precious and Worthy Mi
nifter of Jefus Chrift, Mr. Thomas Hooker, who died fuly 7,
1647. as che Sun was Setting : thc fame hour ofthe day
died bleffed Calvin, thac glorious Light.
COme fighs, come forrows, let's lament this Rod,
which hath bereav'd m of this Man of God :
A Man ef God, which came from God to men.
And now from them is .gohe to God agen.
Bid foy depart, bid Merriment be gone ;
Bid Friends fiand by, fit forrcwful alone.
But ah ! what farrow can bt to fuffce.
Though Heaven and Earth were filled with our cries.
The Clouds were turned into drops of tears.
The Mourning for to laft an Age of Tears ?
'Twere all too little to lament his death,
whofe life fo precious Was for Heaven and Earth.
Job wifh'dhis day might quite forgotten me,
which brought him forth this Worlds light firfi to feet
0 let not the day numbred be i'th Tear,
Thattook,this Light out of our Hemifphere.
A fatal day, a day of fad prefage
To us furvivers of this prefent Age :
The hour of thy deeeafe When Sun went down,
when light turn'd dark-, Vi>hen heavens began to frowns
^Tis ominotiJ to us who faw hii light.
That Grace provoked fhould turn eur day to night ;¦
AndG off els light which fhineth from on high.
Should clouded be, and darned in our skie.
O happy dayes, -when fuch Lights fliine on Earth .'
O bitter dayes, "whm they are hid beneath 1
This is our grief. He which lat'efliin'd on high
Js hid in grave, and now beneath doth lye.
Let}\irtioxd figh, and fay, I've loft .iTrcafure;
Zct all New-England mourn at Gods Dijpleafure, In

12.8 New- Englands ^W^'»«'-/rf/if. An, 1647,
In taking from us one more gracious.
Then is the Gold of Ophir precious.
Sweet was the f»vokr -mhich his grace did give,
It feafon'd allthe place where he did live :
His Name did as an Oincmenc give ic's fmell.
And all bare witnefs that it favour'd well.
Wifdome, Love, Meeknefs, Friendly Courtefie,
Each Moral Vir cue, With rare PieCie,
Pure Zeal, yet mixt with mildeft Clemency,
Did all conjpirein this one Breaft to lye.
Deep was his Knowledge, Judgemene was acute %
His Dodirine folid, which none could confute.
To Minde he gave light of intelligence.
And fearch'dthecorners of the Confcience .-
To Sinners fiout. Which no Law. could bring under.
To them he was a Son of dreadful Thunder,
when all firong Oaks of Baflian sts'dto quake.
And fear i^iWLcbanus his Cedars fliake ;
The flout eft Hearts he filled full of fears.
He clave the Rocks, they melted into tears.
let to fad Souls,- with fenfe of Sin caft down.
He Was a Son of Confolation.
Sweet peace he gave to fuch as Were csntriie ;
Their darknefs fad he turn'd to joyous light.
Of Preaching he had leam'd the righteft Art,
To every one dividing his own pare.
Each Ear that heard him faid. He fpake to me. :
So piercing Was his holy Miniflrie.
His "Llie did fliine. Times Changes ftain'dit not.
Envy it felf could not there finde a jpot.
Had he furviv'd to finifli Works begun,
T had been a Bleffing to all Chriftendomc :
Then fliould the World have known what God hadftiow^d him,
And what themfelves for all his Works had ow'd him.
But. this unthankfull Age is now cut fion
Of that rich Treafure, 'caufe they car'dmt fer't. Othitt

An.i647- ^cwEughnds Memoriall. i^9
O that his love may turn ui, yet to prize
The bleffings yet enjoy* d : herein he wife ;
Lefi that which he not long ago foretold.
Be now in us fuifil'd, as 'twas of old.
That Wamon-nefs cf Churches, Would bereave
Them of their Minifiers, Without thur Heave.
God plaguing this his meffengers contempt.
With this foul-ftroying Plague and Puniflimint
But Whatfoever wrath doth us abide ,
whatever plague for fn doth us betide,
Tet thou,0 bleffed Saint, art now at reft,
I'th bofom of thy Chrift which is the beft
Bathing tn rivers of divine pleafure,
which is at Gods right hand, mofl fweet and pure-,
Tafting the fruit cf all thy labours fper,t.
To honour God which was thy whole intent.
From God thou came ft forth, who fent thee hither
And now hath call'dihee backto live together ;
Him didft thou ferve, while lite and breach did Uft,
with him now bleft, while hie and breach // paft,
Senfe of our lofs Would c^ll thee back_ again,
But out of love, we bid thee there remain.
Till We yet left behinde our courfe fulfil,
To meet thee on the top of Zion hill ;
when thou andWe flail both reyoyce together.
So faft united as no death flail fever ;
Both to fing praifes to our heavenly King,
who hath us faved from deaths poifonotts ftin^,
And will reftore our bodies from the erave,
which them to duft of death confumed Ti.ive ;
Making them ftiine,like brightnefs of the Sun
with Glory, ne'r to end when once begun.
Let Heaven, and Earch, Angels, and Men him f raife.
Sounding his Glory pafi all length of d^yes.
S P. 8

ijo New-Englands Memoriall. An. 1648.40.

T

I <J 4. 8.
ms Year Mr. William Bradford was eleded Governour
of the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth'. And
Mr. Thomas Prince, \
Mr. William Collier, J
Qi^tain Mies Standifli, (_^gre ehoftn his Affiftants
Mr. Timothy Hatherly, ( in Governraenc.
Mr. fohn Bre-wn,
Mr. William Thomas,

\

I 6 4 p.
His Year Mr. tvUliam Bradford was Eleded Governour
of the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth :

T

Mr. Thomas Prince,
Mr. William Collier,
Csptain Miles Standifli
Mr. Timothy Hatherly,
Mr. fohn BrowH^ And
Mr. William Thomas,

were Chofen his Afll
ftancs in Governmenc.

This Year Mr. fohn jvinthrop Governour ofthe Jurifdidion
of che Maffachufets deceafed, che ewenty fixch day of March,
^ abouc een of thc clock. He was fingular for Piecy, Wifdom,
Mr winthrop. ^ °^ ^ publick fpiric ; he broughc over a greac eftace inco che
Counery, and parcly by his libcralrcy,& partly by the unfaichful-
ncfs of his Baily,fpenc the raoft part of ic , fo as when he died.he was

An.i649- New-Englands Afwm<j//. 131
was buc low in chac refped ; and yec nocwichftanding, very
much honoured and bdovcd of the moft, and continued in the
place of Governour for the moft pare until his deach, which
was much lamenced by many. He was a man of unbyaffed
Juftice, paciene in refped of perfonal wrongs and injuries, a
greac lover of chc Saincs, efpecially able Minifters of che
Gofpd ; very fober in defiring, and cemperaee in improving
earelily coneencments ; very humble, courceous, and ftudious of
general good. His body was wich greac folemnicy and honour,
buried ac Boflon in New-England, the third of April, 1649.
This year fome parts ofthe Country was much croubled wich
numerable hofts of Caterpillers, which deftroyed che fruits of ^^ -imitie'raile
the earth in divers places; and did eat off the leaves of the company of ent-
trees, fo as they looked as bare as if ie had been wincer : and terp'ilUrs in
in fome places did eac che leaves from off che Peafe ftraw, and i"'"' f^'^ "-^
did noe eac chc Peafe. Ie pleafed God co give chem a clicck, and '^' ^'"""'¦>-
a rebuke, foas chey hure buc in fome places, and of his good
nefs in fliort time reraoved them.
This Year y//^^»j? 25. thac faithful and eminent fervanc of
Chrift "Mr. Thomas Shepard died, who was a foul-fearching
Minifter of theGofpel, andP.iftor of the Church of Chrift ac
Cambridge. By his death not only diac Church and people, but
alfo all A''£)i'-.E«^/rf«i fuftained a very great lofs : he not only
preached che Gofpel proficably and very fucceflively, buc alfo
hach left behinde him divers worchy works of fpecial ufe, in
reference unco chc clearing up che ftace ofthe foul co God- ward;
the benefit thereof,thofe can beft experience, who are raoft con
verfant in the improving of thera, and have Gods bleffing on
them therein to their fouls good. His body was honourably
buried at Cambridge in Nexf- England.
Bleffed are the dead that die m the Lord, for their Works follow
them. Rev. 13. 13.
This Year there paffcd an Ad of Parliaraent in England, for
the promoting and propagating the Gofpef of Jefus Chrift a-
mongft the Indians in New-England ; in reference unto the
furtherance and advancement of fogooda work, a Corpora-
S 2 tion

'32 Ne~w-Engfands'J^^»?<!rM//. An.1649.
Tion of fixceen Seled'men were appoinced, confifting of a Pre
fident, Treafurer, and Aflrftancs, called by the name of the
Prefident and Sodety for the propagation of chc Gofpd in
JVfa'-.EK^/rf«,!^, to rccdve fuch funis of money, as frora time to
time was, or fhould be collcded and raifed by the liberal con'-
tributions of fuch as whofe hearts God was pleafed to -ftir
uptofo.gloriousawork; and it was by the fame Parliament
Eoaded, thac the Commiffioners for the United Colonies of
Nern-England, for the time being, by chemfelves or fuch as chey
fliall appoine, fhail have Power and Auchoricy to receive and
difpofe ofthe faid monies broughc in & paid CO the fiid Treafurer
for the time bring; or any other Monies,Goods oc Commodities
acquired and delivered by the care of the faid Corporation ac
any chile: whofereceipcor recdpcsof fuch Perfon or Perfons
fo Auchorized by them, (hail be a fufRcicnc difcharge to che
faid Corporation and .Treafurer. . The particulars, of fuch
Orders and Inftrudions,' wich which the faid -Ad is invefted ,•
the Reader may be raore aniply fatisfied in, by the perufal
thereof, as it is extanc bearing dace, fuly 27. 1 649.
Moreovcr,Iec thc Reader take-notice of the fpedal favour of
Almighty God; in moving the heart oithe Kings Majefty, fince
his Reftitution to his Crown and Regal Dignity, particularly
of his Royal Favour CO countenance this work, and to fecure
wh-at hath been, and whac may be given toward thjs work, by a
leg.il fectiemenc, which before was wanting ;*' fo as -the. faid
glorious defign hach been vigoroufly carried on, both in* Old
Englandznd in New, by fuch adiveand faithful Inftruments as
God hath raifed up and improved therein,"' wich fome confide
rable fuccefs. t; The work coming on to fuch pcrfedion^^s thac
the Holy Bible is Tranflated and Printed in the Indian Language^
whereby the glad tidings of the Gofpel is, and may be commu
nicated to them wich chc greacer facilicy : fome fouls alfo of
thera bdng gained ( as may be hoped ) to believe on the Lord
Jefus for life everlafting ; and daily hopes of furthcr'and
greacer fuccefs in that bchalf,for which unfpeakable riches ofhis
gr ace,lec his Holy Name have all the pcyife throughout all ages; The

-^.^650'  New- Englan ds Memoriall: 133
The Principal Inftruments improved in Preaching
the Gofpel of Chrift unto the Indians, are
Mr. ^ohn Eliot Senior.
Mr. ^ohn Eliot Junior.
Mr. Thonfas Mayhew.
Mr. Pi erf on
Mr. Brown.
Mr. fames.
Mr. Cotton.
Befides.. divers of their own Nation, whofe Names and
number I know not.

I d 5 o.
THis Year Mr, william Bradford was Eleded Governour
-of the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth:

Mr. Edpard Winfiow,
Mr, Thomas Prince,
Mr. William Collier^
Captain Miles Standifli, s ^'^^^5? AHiitants^t
Mr. Timothy Hatherly, ^ Government.
Mr. fohn Brown, apd
Mr. William Thomas, j

Chofen Afllftahts^to hiin

This Year there was more then ordinary mortality in the
Country, •efpecially about Boflon, and moftly amongft thcii.^
Children; fince which time, feveral difeafes have heen in the' ^'^ff'^.'^f"
Country more frequently then for merly; as namdy, gripings '_ Ifff-'
m the bowels, Wich Violenc Voraicirtg and Purging, which hath
taken away many : as alfo a difeafe in the Mouch or Throat,
S 'i which',

134 New-Englands Memoriall. An. 165 1.
which hath proved morcal co fomei'n a very fliore cime ; as alfo
greac diftempers of Colds, ere. which oughc co be awakening
difpenfations, cogecher wich ochers, to caufe us to confider and
examine, whether wc have not provoked the Lord with fome
general and unwonced fins ; inafmuch as he is pleafed to exer
cife the Country ofc-cimes wich unwonted afHidlons. and pu-
nifhmencs.

T

1 6 ^ u
His Year Mi*. William Bradford was Eleded Governour
of che Jurisdidion oi New-Plimouth :
Mr. Thomas Prince,
Mr. William Collier.

. )
Capcain Miles Standifli, I
Ir. \^

Mr. Timothy Hatherly, ' Were Chofen his Affiftants
Mr. fohn Brown, ( 'n Governmenc.
Mr. fohn Alden,
Capcain Thomas willet.

\

ThisYear Mr. William Thomas expired his nacural life, in
much peace and comforc : he ferved in thc place of Magiftracy
in the Jurisdidion of Plimouth divers Years ; he was a wdl
Thom^ir ^PP^"<*vec| and a well grounded Chriftian; well rcad in the
deuh. Holy.^Scriptures, and other approved Authors,aiid a good lover
and approver of Godly Minifters and good Chriftians, and one
that had a fincere defire to promote the common good boch of
Church and Scace. He died of a Conlumpcion, and was ho
nourably buried at Marfifield, in the Jurifdidion of New-
Plimouth,
1652.

An. 1 65 2. New Englands Memoriatf. 135

T

I 6 ^ i^
'His year Mr. william ^r^jdf/oj-^ was Eleded Governour
' of the Jurifdidioh of NeW-Plimouth. And
Mr; Thomas Prince,
Cape. Myles Standi fif;

Mr, Timothy Hatherly, (

Mr. fohn BroWn, }¦ Were Chofen fiis Affiftants
Mr. fohn Alden, ( »" Government.
Capwin Thomas willet, ic \
LieucT/jow/w Southworth-^
This Year that bleffed Servant of God, Mr. fohn Cotton
died; he was fometimes Preacher of Gdds Word at Boflon in of Wr. Cot-
Lincolnpiire, and from thence came over ineo New-England, in tons ttfe,- Mr:
the Year i633,andv</aS chofen Teacher of the firft Church of ^o"".*' ^^..j,
Chrift ac Bofton : for which Fundion and Ofiice, he was grcacly Xlmto 1 n-^
enriched with gifts &abilities,bdng an able expounder ,and faich- ftr tht Re^lt
ful applier of tne' Word of G6d ; furniflied alfo With wifdom and far "ion fM
prudence to go before the Chtoch, in the ©rdermgdf the af- ^t^*''"" "^ *'''
fairs thereof; endowed alfo with meeknefs Of fpiric, 'wfjereby ^'""^'
he was fitted to compofe fiich differences as did at any lime arife
amongft thetn: he was very patient alfo in refped unto per
fonal wrongs ot injuries done unco himfdf, yea, towards his
fliarpeft Antagoniftsi Aninfluettce of good, noe onty flowed
from him uflto the Church ove¥ whom he was fet, buc atfb into
all thc Churches in Nevi^En^tand ( as neceffiey required, ) a Com«r fm
About the time of bis ficknefs, there appe.ited in the Heavens, at ihe iim« oj
over New-England, iComei, giving a dim Ifght ; and fo waxed '^''- ^ouon,
dimmer and dimmer, antilil btcaiti^ quite extract and went Out, ^^'^'t/'^'Ju^i
which time of. its being cxtind, waifoon after Tit&.time of the ,„f^(f},^ <jfi(fri
period of his life; if bdng a Very fignrfl teftlniony; chat God
had then removed a bright Scar, a btrrning anil /hTr)in.g^nghc out of

13^ Ncw-Englands Memoriall, An.tejz.
of che heaven of his Church here, uneo Ccsleftial glory abovK
He was buried ac^o/cw in Nevn-England, with greac Honour
and Lamencaeion, in che Year above written.
Upon whole never enough deplored deach , were made
thefe Verfes following.
A Funeral Elegie upon che death of che crudy Reverend
Mr. fohn Cotton, lace Teacher of che Church of Chrift
ac Bofion in New-England,
ANd <i/«r Winthrop's, Hooker's, %hetpzr[d'tHerfe,
Doth Qottori S'death call for a mourning Verfe ?
Thy will be done : yet Lord Who dealeftihus,
Make this great death expedient for us,
Lucher puli'ddownjhe'Vojpe, Calvin the Prelate fiue t
of Calvin's Lapfe, chief cure to Cotton's due.
Coccon whofe Learning, Temper, Godluiefs,
The German PhcEnix lively did e.vprefs.
Melandhon's all, may Luchers word hut pafs ;
Melandhons all, in our great Cotton Was.
Thn himin fie fl, fcarce fl-mielt a better one:
So great' s our lofs. When fuch a Spirit" s gone.
whir.fi He Was here, Uie Was more Life to me ;
Now He is not, Deuh henci lefs D&tth fhall be.-
That Comecs, great Mens deaths do oft forego,
This prefent Comec 'doth too fadly ftiow.
This Prophet dead,yet muffin's Dodrine fpeaks
This Comec faith, elfe muft New-England bieak.
What ere it be, 'the Heavens avert it far.
That Meteors flould fucceed onr greateft Star.
In BoftonsOr^ Winthrop 4W Coccon w^'rf ;
Thefe Lights extinEl,darkis our Hemifphere.
In Boflon once how muchfhin'dof our glor].
We no-u> lament, poftericy will ftory. Let

An.i647- \>iew-B.nghnds Memoriall. 137

Let Bofton live, who had, and faw their worth :
And eiid them Honttur, both in life and death.
To him New.-England-f;-///? in this diftrefs,
who Will net have his e.xiles comfortUfSi

In.

Upon che TOMB of the mo^KeverendMr. fohn Cotton,
late Teacher of che Church of Boflon in New-England,
HEre lies magnanimous Humility,
Majefly, Meeknefs ; Chriftian Apathy
On foft AffeElions : Liberty in thrall ;
A Noble spirit. Servant unto all.
Learnings great Mafter-piece ; who yet would fit
As a Difciple at his Schollars feet.
A fimple Serpent, or Serpentine Dove,
Mads up of wifdome. Innocence, and Love.
Neatnefis Embroider'd with ic felf alone ;
And Civils Canonized in a Gown :
Embracing old and young, and low and high ;
Ethicks imbodyed in Divinity :
Ambitious to be lowefi, and to raife
His Brethrens Honour on his own Decayes.
Thus doth the Sun retire into his bed.
That being gone, the Stars may flbew their head.
Could Wound at Argument without Divifion.;
Cat to the quicks and yet make no Inciflon ,•
Ready to Sacrifice Domeftick, Notions
To churches Peace, and Miniflers Devotions.
Himfelf indeed ( and fingular m tkot ^
whom all admired, he admired not.
Liv'd like an Angel of a Mortal Birth,
Convers'd in Heaven while he was on Farth :
Though not (as Mofes) radiant 'if ith Light,
whofe Glory dnziU'dthe beholders fight ;
T Tet

138 New-Englands Memoriall, An. 165 2
Tet (0 divinely -beautifi,'d, youN count
He had been born and bred upon the Mvunt.
A Uving breathing Bible : Tables Vtlhere
Both Covenants at large engraven -were;
Gofpel and Law in's Heart had each its Cohtme
His Head an Index to the Sacred Volume.
His -very Name a Title Page; and next.
His Life a Commentary on the Text..
O what a Monument of glorious Worth,
when in a New Edition he comes forth
rvithout Erraca's, may We thinks hee'll be.,.
In Leaves and Covers of Eternitie I
A man of Might at heavenly Eloquence,
To fix the Ear, and charm the Confcience j
As if Apollos ypere reviv'd in him.
Or he had learned of a Seraphim.
Spake many Tongues in one : one Voice and Senfi
Wrought f.oy and Sorrow, Fear and Confidence.
Rocks rent before him, Blinde receiv d their fight ,
Souls kvell'd to the dunghil, flood upright.
Infernal Furies bm-fl With rage to fee
Their Pris'nerx captiv'd into Libertie.
A Scar that in our Eaftern England rofe,
Thence hurry* d by the Blafi of ftup'id foes,
whofe foggy Darknefs, and benummed Senfes,
Brooked not his darling fervent Influences.
Thus did he -move on Earth from Eafi to weft ^
There he Went dawn, and up to Heaven for Reft,
Nor from himfelf, i»hil ft living doth he vary.
His Death hath made him an Ubiquicary .
where is his Sepulchre is hard to tell,
who in a thoufand Sepulchres doth dwell ;
( Their Hearcs, / mean, whom he hath left behind,)
In them his Sacred Relitjue's now Enfhrirfd.
But let his Mourning Flock, be comforted, ,
Though Moies be, yet Jofhua is not dead: Jmetii

An.i653' New-Englands Memoriall. »3^
/ mean Renowned NORTON; Wion^y See.
Succeffor to our MOSES it to bee,
O happy Ifrael in AMERICA,
In fuch aMQS'E.S fuch a JOSHUA. B. W.

I 6 ^ I.
MR. William Bradford was Eleded Governour of the
Jurifdidion of Ne^-Plimouth :
Mr. Thomas Prince, 1
Captain Miler Standifh, 1
Mr.Timotl^ Hatherly, Lgrc Chofen his Aflt-
Mr\\tAZ: \ «-«-<5-—
Captain Thomas Willet, & )
Lieut. Thomas Southmirth,. J
Mr. Thomas Dudley, who was a prindpal Foundet and Pil
lar of the Colony of the Maffachu fits in New-England, and
fundry times Governour and Deputy Governour of that Ju
rifdidion , died ac his houfe in Roxbury , July 31. in the
fevcnty fevcnth Year of his age : he was a perfon of quick un
dcrftanding, and folid Judgement in the fear of the Lord ; he
was a lover of(i) Juftice. (2) Order. (3) the People. (4) Chri
ftian Religion ; the fupream. virtues of a good Magiftrate.
J. Hislovcto Juftice appeared ac all times, and in fpecial upon
the Judgement feat, without refped of perfons in Judgement :
and in his own particular tranfadions, with all men he was
exad and exemplary. 2. HiszealcoOrder appeared in con
triving good Laws, and faithfully executing chem upon criminal
offenders, Hereticks, and Underminers of true Religion. He
had a pier dug Judgeraent to difcover thc Wolf, chough doached
T 2 with

^49 Ncw-Englands Memoriall. An.1653.
wich a lheep-skin.3.His love to the People was evident in ferving
chem in a publick capacicy many Years, ae his own coft, and chac
as a nurfing Facher co che Churches of Chrift. 4. He loved
the crue Chriftian Rdigton, and che pure Worfliip of God, and
cherifhed as in his bofom,all godly Minifters and Chriftians : he
was exad in che pradice of Piecy, in his perfon and family all
his life; m a word, he lived defired, and died lamented by all
good men.
The Verfes following were found in his Pocket after his deatii,
v/hich may further illuftrace his Charader, and give a tafte of
his poetical fancy : wherein ( ic is faid ) he did excel.
Dim Eyes, deaf Ears, cold ftomack.fhev3
My diffolution is in view.
E levett times feven near liv'd have I,
And now God. calls, I willing die t
My Shuttle's fliot, my race is run.
My Sun is fet, my Deed it done ;
My Span is meafur'd. Tale is teld.
My Flotver is faded and grown old.
My Dream is vanifh'd, Shadow's fled.
My Soul with Chrifl, my Body dead.
Farewel dear wife, Children, and Friends,
Hate Herefie, make bleffed ends-.
Bear Poverty, live with good men.
So fhall we meet With joy agen.
Let men of God in Courts and Churches Watch
O're fuch aS do a Toleration hatch ;
Zefi that ill Egg bring forth a Cockatrice,
To poyfon all With Herefie and Vice,
If men be left and otherwife combine.
My Epitaph's, I dy'd no Libertine, .
ThisYear Mr. fohn Laythrop did put off his Earthly Taber
nacle 1 He was fometimes Preacher of Gods Word in Egerton iq

An.T654> New-Englands Memori&ll. '4*
in Kent, from whence he went co London, and was chofen Pa
ftor of a Church of Chrift cherc; he was grcacly troubled & im
prifoned for wicncfiTing againft che errours of che times* during
the time of his imprifonmenc, his wife fell fick, of which fick
nefs fhe died. He procured liberty of the Bifhop to vifit his
Wife, before her death, and commended her to God by Prayer,
who foon after gave up the ghoft: ac his return eo Prifon, his
poor Children being many, repaired to the Bifhop to Lambeth,
and made known unto him thdr miferable condition, by reafon
of thdr good Father his being continued in clofe durance ;
who commifcrated their condition fo far, as to grant him his
liberty, who foon after came over into New- England, and fecled
for fome cime ac thc Town of Scituate, and was chofen Faftour
of theii Church, and faithfully difpenfed the Word of God
amongft them : and afterwards the faid Church dividing , a
part whereof removing to ^^zw/zj^/f, he removed with them,
.md there remained until his death. He was a man of an
humble and broken heart and fpirit, lively in difpenfation of the
Word of God ; ftudious of peace, furnifhed with godly con
tentment ; willing CO fpend and to be fpenc for chc Caufe and
Church of Chrift. He fdl afleep in the Lord, .^0^.8.1653,-

I (^ 5 4.
THis Year Mr. william Bradford was Eleded Governour
of the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth :
Mr. Thomas Prince, -\
Captain Miles Standifh, j
Mr. williamCollUr f Chofen Affiftants to him
Mr, Timothy Hatherly,\ j^ Government,
Mr. fohn Brown, I
Mr. fohn Alden, and \
Opt. Thomas Willet, -^

J 4* Ncw-Englands Memoriall. An. 165 5
1 6 s f,
THis Year Mr. william Bradford was Eleded Governour
of the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth :
Mr. Thomas Prince,
Captain Allies Standi]^
Mr. William Collier, ^, . . ^„
Mr. Timothy Hatherly, >'""J ^-^^j^" Afliftants
Mr. fohn Brown, j to him ra Government.
Mr. fohn Alden, and J
Capcain Thomas willet, J
Tbe death of This year that Worthy and Honourable Gentleman Mr Ed-
m^t. Winnow, ward winfiow deceafed ; of whom I have had occafion to make
honourable mention formerly in this Difcourfe. He was the
Son of Edward Winfiow Efq; of the Town of Dr.mghtwich
m the County of worcefter : He travdiing into the Zow-
Countreys, in his Journeys fi^ll into acquaintance with the
Church of Leyden in HolUnd, unto whom he joyned, and with
whom he continued until they parted to come into New-Eng
land, he coming wich thac pare chae came firft over, and be
came a very worchy and ufeful Inftrumenr amongft them, boch
sn che place of Governmenc and otlierwife, until his laft
Voyage for Eng^land, being fenc on fpedal Imployment for che
Governmenc of theMaffachufets, as is forementioned in ehis
Book ; and afterwards was imployed as one of che grand
Commifiioners in chac unhappy Defign againft Domingo in
Biffaniola, who caking grief for che ill fuccefs of thac eIiccc-
prize ; on- which,cogether wich fome other Infirmities that were
upon him, he fdl fick at Sea bccwixc Z)oOT/»^«-3nd ^rfw^Ar;?, and
died thc eighth day of May fwhitah was about the Sixty firft
year of his life, and his Body was honourably cominicccd to
the Sea, with the ufual Solcmuicy of the Difcharee of Fourty
two Piece of Ordnance, One

An. 1655. NcW-'Efiglands Memoriall. I43
Oneof the Company who was imployed in taking notice of
the Particulars of that Tragedy, gave fuch Teftimony of the
faid Mr. Winfiow,^ as followeth in this Poem :
The Eighth of May, Weft from 'Spaniola /hore,
Godtoo\from us our Grand Commifiloner,
Winilow by Name, a. man in Chiefefi Truft,
Whofe Life Was fweet, and Converfation juft j
VVhofe Parts and wifdome me ft men did exceU :
An hsnour to his Place, as all can tell. '

1 6 $ 6.
"'Flis Year Mc williAm Bradford was Chofen Governour
of the Jurifdidion of NewPUmouth :
Mr. Thomas Prince, -s.
Mr. WiUiam Collier, )
rl; ^'""A ^^fZi t^ere chofen to be hi^ Aflift-
C^^t^in Miles Standtfli, ^ ancs in Governnrent.
Mr. fohn Alden,
Cape. Themias Willet, Sc
Cape fames Cudworth,
This Year Captain Miles Standifli expired his mortal lire-
He was a Gentieman, born in Lancajhire , and was Heir- T^^'denth of
Apparent unto-a greatEltete of Lands and Livings, furrepti- capt.%xind.\tt),
tloufly detained from hira ; his great Grandfather bdng a Se
cond or Yonngec Brother from the Houfe of Standi^. In his
younger time he went over into the Lew-Countreys, and was a
Souldier there, and came acquainced with the Church of Ley
den, and came over into New-England with fuch of iliem as at
the firft fet out for the Planting of the Plantation of New- Pli
mouth, and bare a deep fhare of their firft Diflicultics, and was
alwayes

»44

Ncw Englands MemoriaR,

An.t657

alwayes very faithful co thdr Intereft : He growing an-
denr, becarae fick of the S torn or Strangullion; whereof, after
his fuffering of much dolorous pain, he fell afleep in theLord,
and was honourably buried ac Duxbury.

1657*
pHis year Mr. Thomas Prince was Chofen Governour of
the Jurifdidion of NeW-Plinmth.

Jhls.MlcHton yras en the fifth
of June itff7.
<&• M William
Erjdfonl died
the ytb ef Miy
i* this yearke-
fore this Ek-
Mieit.

Mr. William Collier.
Mr. Timothy Hatherly,
Mr. fohn Alden,
C^pbiinThowas Wilfet,]
Capt. famesCvdworth,
Capt. fofia^ Winflow,
Lieut. Tho: Southworth

i
th, (
th. J

Were Chofen his Affiftants
in Goyernment.

This Year ic pleafed God to put a period to the life of his
ppcdous Servant Mr, /^r/Z/J^w Bradford,, who was the fecond
<5overnoui; of the Jurifdidion of Plimouth, and continued in
thc fame place for the moft part of his time, with little inter-
miffion. Concerning whom, the following Poems made, the
one by himfdf, and the other by fuch as Were well acquainted
with his Worth and Excellency, will give a large Teftimony
thereof. Certain yerfes left by the Honoured William Bradford Efq;
Governour of .the Jurifdidion of Plimouth, penned by his
own hand, declaring thc gradous difpenfation of Gods
Pi:;ov.idence towardshimjn the time of his Life, and his
preparation and fitte&iefs for Dcadi.

\Rom my years yestn^ i» dayes of Touti,
Coddidmakf known to. me hig Truth,

And

An.1657. New- Englands Aff«7f/jt4l7. 145
And call'd me from my Native place
For to enjoy the Means of Grace,
In Wilderneis he did me guide,
Andin ftrange Lands /c/rwe provide.
In Fears and Wants, • through Weal and Woe,
As Pilgrim />«/? / to and fro:
Oft left of them whom I did truft ;
How^ain it is to reft on Duft I
A man of Sorrows I have been.
And many Changes / have feen.
Wars, Wants, Peace, Plency have I known ;
And fome ^.dvitnc'd, others thrown down.
The humble, poor, cheerful and glad;
Rich, difcontent, fower and fad :
When Fears with Sorrows have been mixt,
Confolations came betwixt.
Faint not, poor Soul, in God fiill truft.
Fear not the things thou fuffer muft •
For, whom he loves he dothchaftife.
And then all Tears wipes from thdr eyes.
Farewell, dear Children, whom I love.
Tour better Father is above :
When I am gone, he ean fupply ;
To him I leave you when I dye.
Fear him in Truth, walk, in his WaycS.
And he Will blefs you all your dayes.
Myd.iyes are (pent. Old Age is come.
My Strength it fails, my Glafs near run :
Now I Will Wait when Work, is done,
ZJntill my happy Change fhall come.
When from my labours I fliall reft
With Chrifl above (or t-o be bleft.

u By

Ncw-Englands il!/^»j<?m//. An.i657_
By the honoured, M^^or fpfiat winftow, on the the (aid Mr.
William Bradford, as followeth
WILLIAM BRADFORD. Anagr.
I made Law for Bridl*.
For Law I made Bridi*.
SEe how God ho-nouredhath this worthy's Name,
To make it fpell his Virtue, g-nd proelame
His rare Endowmencs, us'd for God and Us :
Now fuch as honour God, hee'll honour thus.
Both Juft, and Gentle ; Merdfirii end Juft ,
And yetaMin, a^(t yet leompos'dof Duft ?
Tes, Godwithin.thefe .Render walls C4n finde
A Noble, Virtuous, Studious, Adive Minde.
Ood Was f^f Guider of his Ch}ldhQod,Youch j
God dtdpreier\e himev^rinthe Truth,
And gave iim grace t/i own Bm Vf hen but VOUg,
whom afterward he made a Champion ftrong
For to defend his People, andhis Ciufe,
By Wifdome, Juftice, Prudence,, 4«d by Laws j
And moft of all if his own good Example,
A Paccrn fit to ifnitate msfl ample.
If We flotilfl. tjeacehimfrotnthejirft, we fiwpi
He flies his Country, leaves his V,riends hhin^e.
To follow God, jinjdto profefs hu Wayes,
-^<//«>'eencouQters,Hardfl]ips mat^. dayes.
He u content (Wiih Mofes) if Gok pleafe,
(Retfouncing Honour, Profic, Pleafure, Eafe)
7s fitffer Tolfings and Unfetclemencs,
And, (if their R^ge doth rife) to Baniflimencs He

An.i657. New Englands Mffwom//. H7
He Weighs it not, fo he may ftill preferve
His Confcience clear, and With Gods People/rrw
Him frcelj, 'cording to his winde and will ;
If »fff /» one place, hee'll go forward ftill
If God have Work for him i'th' Ends of th' Earth,
Safe, Danger, Hunger, Colds, nor any Dearth,
A howling Wildernefs, nor Salvage men,
Difcourage him, hee'll fellow God agen,
And how Gpdhath made him an Inftrumenc
T'd'us of ^uiet Peace <««<;? Scttieiiienr,
I need not ffeak^; /^f eldeft, ypiingefti^wiy
Cod honowr'^d him with greacer Work then Jo.
Ta fum up all, in this ftill he ftient hence,
Thte man was wholly God's : His Recompence
Remains beyond exprrefiian, and he is
Goife to poffefs it in Eternall $lifs.
Hee s happy, happy thrice ; unhappy We
That ftill remain more Changes here to fee
Let's -not lament that God hath taken him
From Troubles hence, in Seas of Joycs to fwim.
Let's not lament hisgradows Life isendedt.
AndhetoLiie oi Glory Is attended ;
Nor let us grieve that now Gods Work is done.
In making him a happy hleffed one.
But let's bewail that We have fo negleBed
Duty to God ; or men have difreffeUed,
With earneft Lamencacions let's lament,
Attd whiles We may let's firioufty Repent,
U 2 That

New-Englands Memoriall. An.1657.

That "We have not improved as We might.
For God, and for our felves, this Worthy Wigjit j
Arid now that God hath Mofes tiCneaway,
Let's pray that he Would give tisjofhaa.
To go before the Camp, and to fubdue
God's ^W^/x People's foes ; whatever Crew
Oppofe o«r Journeys /fl ^^<?t Land of Reft,
which till obtain'd. We're neverltuelyhlek.
And for x>ur better progrefs in this courfe.
Let now our greac Nccelfity enforce
Each man to andy VcAce, and to improve
His greateft ftrettgth to re-unite in Love
The Hearts andthe Affedions of us all,
Lefi by our fault Gods Work to th'ground fliould fall,
W hy mourns the People thus for me, fiitce I
I « Heavens dwell fhall to Eternity ?
L ft not fo many Tears fall from my Friends j
L ive holy, happy, God Will recompenfi'
I uto your bofomet all ymr love again,
A nd your affeUions tvhiles I did retpain
M cngft you, but now you mufi refrain,
B Ear up your hearts, dear hearts, when thoughts of me
R un in your mindes. With thi/. The time wtllbe,
A nd every hower brings it on apace,
D ear friends, whenwe for ever fliall imbrace.
F arewellbut for a feafon then, farewell;
O ur next Embraces ftiall the reft excell.
R efi happy. Children, Friends, and Tender Wife,
D eath Iut begins the godlfjt happy Life.

A few

An.i657' New-Englands Memoriall. i^9
A few Verfes more added by one that wa^ well acquainted
with thc Worth of the faid Mr. william Bradford.
THe Ninth of May, about Nine ofthe Clocks,
A precious one God out of Plimouth took :
Governour Bradford then expir'd his breath.
Was call'd awa-i by force of cruel Death.
A man approv'd in Town, in Church, in Court,
who fo behav'd himfelf in godly fort
For the full fpace of Thirty feven years.
As he Was means of turning many fears
Away from thee, poor Plimouth, where he ffent
The better part of time that God htm lent.
Well skill' d he Was in Regulating Laws,
S^ as by Law he could defend the CauQ
Of poor difireffed Plaintiff, when he b-rought
His Cafe before him, and for help befought.
Above all other men, he loved thofe
who Gofpel truths moft faithfully unchfe,
who were With Grace and Learning fully fraught.
Such as laborioufly the Gofpel taught ,•
willing alfo to own in his due place
The meaneft Saint, expreffing gifts of grace.
Sweet Brewfter he is gone fome time.before.
Wife Winflow whofe death we lament fo fore.
And faithful Standifh freed from horrid pain,
Tobe with Chrifi, in truth the greateft gain:
Now bleffed holy Bradiord, a Succeffor
Of bleff^ed holy Bradford the Confeffor,
Is gene to place of Reft, with many more
Of precious ones, whom I might name great ftore.
And Commendation of each one have given ;
But what needs that ? thdr Names are writ in Heaven.
And now, dear Lord, let us eur time improve.
To be With thee in Prayer much above.
U-3 Oh

iSO New-Englands Memoriall. An.1657^
oh fave fny People, help in time of need;
when all means fails, he thou in room and ftead
of other helps, who fail when needed moft
when grcatefi need, they then give up the ghoft.
And let thy Servants their time ftill imploy.
That in the end they may attain fuch joy
As may a fruit of true Believing bee.
That We Wtth Chrift may reign Eternallie.
This Worthy Gencleman was interred wich the greateft fo-
leranicies chac chc Jurifdidion to which he belonged was in a
capacity to perform : many deep fighs, as well as loud volleys
of flioc , declaring that the People were no lefs fenfible
of their own lofs, who were furviving, then mindful of the
wprch and honour of him chac was deceafed; you might now
eafily difcern a heavy heart in the mournful countenance of
every fober minded and confidcratc man : for as you have
Iieard in the three or four Years laft paft, God was .pleafed
greatly co weaken chis poor coccering Colony of Plimouth, by
taking away feveral of tbe m.ofF' ufefull Props thereof,
both in Church and Civil Scale ; fome ochers who had been
of fingular uie, now flooping under che infirmities of old age,
could noe be fo ferviceable as in times paft; and others removed
fo far from- che cencer of the Governmenc, tliat chey could
not wichouc greac difficulties aceend their publick concerns,
nor could poffibly fo conftancly as our ncceffities required ,
which did greatly aggravate our troubles^ we were becom.e
weak, when wc had need of greaceft ftrength ; had loft many
of our Chieftains, when we flood in need of the beft condud
snd guidance : for befides the troubles and changes that then
aceended our Native Counery, and m^ht call for great dr-
cumfpedionin our waUting in relation unco thera ; we had alfo
atthis very time, fomeamongft us that growing weary of the
long peace andconcord that we had enjoyed, and hoping to
fifli beccer in troubled waters, when their bait might be taken in,
and thchook not eafily difcerned., would willbgly have been
ringing

An.j657. New-Englands Memoriall. 151
ringing the Changes in this Jurifdidion alfo, pretending a
greac zeal for libercy of Confcience, buc endeavouring to in
troduce fuch a liberty of Will,as would have proved prejudicial,
if noe deftrudive co Civil and Church focicties : and ac che fame
time there arrived in the faid Colony many of thac pernicious
fed called ,^<?%r.f, whofe Opinion are a compofition of many
errors, and whofe pradices cend greatly to the difturbance
both of Church and Scace ; many unftable people amongft us
were leavened wich cheir errors, and proved very troublefome
to this as well as ocher Colonies in New-England. But the
Lord many times delighcech to appear in the Mount of his
Peoples miferies, diftrcffes and troubles, that his power and
wifdom may appear when thcy are weakeft, and that they may
know 5hat cheir falvaeion is^from him. Ac fuch a cime,&. when che
condition of chis Colony was fuch as hach been declared, God
was pjeafed to minde it, even in its low eftate, and when he had
taken to himfelf not only our Mofes,h-at many ofthe Elders and
Worthies of our Ifrad,he hath noe hicherco left us wichouc a fa-
fliua CO lead us in che remaining pare gf our pilgrimage. When
che ufual time for the renewing of ourEledion of fuch as (hould
goyerti U5 c?me, Mr. TAuiR^ Prince was by unanimous voce
chofen Governour ; and-alchough mens fpirits were fo diftem-
pered as I have rclaced, and ie mighc have been expeded thac
they would have been much divided in thdr choice ; yet God
( who difpofeth the lot that is caft inco thc lap ) fo difpofed thac
all thdr voces centered there : a good demonftration that he
was chofen of God for us, and by his bleffing made an Inftru
ment of much peace and fectleraene in this place, and to this
people , in thefe times of trouble and confufion. The Lord
alfo direding the Freemen of this Jurifdidion ac che fame time
in their Eledion to the choice of a difcreee and able Council, to
be aififtant unco our faid honoured Governor in chis fo weighcy
Workjdivers qf them bdng defcended of feveral ofthe honour'd
Magiftrates deceafed ; not only bearing thdr Names,buc having
a large meafure of thdr Spirit beftowed on them, befitting them
for fuch Work; fo as through the goodnefs of God, ihofe
ftorms

^5^ New Englands Memeriall, An. 1657.
ftorms that fe'em'd to threaten the fubverfion of our All,and did
ac firft prevniie, to thc diftnrbing and fhaking of many Towns
and Chnrches, and to the great difcouragemenc of the Mini
fters in divers places, do feem to be preccy well blown over ;
fuch uncomfortable jarrs ( as have been fometimes choughe un-
cureabie) feem to be throughly reconciled and healed, our
Towns for the moft pare fupplied wieh godly and able Mini
fters, and we fie under our Vines and Figcrees in peace, enjoy
ing boch Civil and Religious Liberties : For which goodnefs of
theLord, lee his holy Name be praifed; and may he grant us
fo to improve our prefent opportunities, as he may have fome
fuicable recurns, and we may have caufe to hope in his gcice
for the continuance of fuch favours.
This Year that much honoured and worthy Gentleman, Mr.
Theophilus Eaton, Governour of New-Haven, deceafed ; who
was very Eminent boch on a Religious and Civil account : His
death proved a greac blow co chat Jurifdidion, and was fe-
conded (not long after) wich the lofs of another predous man
amongft them, viz. Mr. Francu Newman.
In this year 1657, in the moneth of November, Mr. Garret
fet fail on a Voyage for England irom Bofton; in whofe Ship,
amongft many confiderable Paffengers, there went Mr. Tho-
mas Mayhew junior, of Martins-Vineyard, who was a very pre-
Carreis SA;> '^''^"^ ™^" • ^^ ^^^ "^^" skill'd, and had attained to a great pro
ficiency in the Indian Language, and had a great propenfity upon
his Spirit to promoce Gods glory in their Converfion, whofe
Labours God bleffed for the doing of much good amongft
them ; in wliich refped he was very much miffed amongft
them, and bewailed by thera : as ^Ifo in reference unto the
Preaching of Gods Word araongft the Englifh there. The lofe
of him was very great. Many other fad loffes befell fundry
others in tbe Country by the lofs of that Ship, both in their
Eftates and dear Relations, to the great grid and fedoing-bf
ibe hearts of many.

1658.

An.1658. New-Englands Memoriall. 153
I d 5 8.
THis year Mr. Thomas Prince was Eleded Governour of
the Jurifdidion of NeVf-PUmoiith. I

Mr. William Collier,
Mr. fohn Alden,
C3pt<iin Thomas Willet,
Ci^t.fofias Winflow, \ Were Eleded his Affiftants
Ueat. Tho: Southworth, C in Government.
Mr. William Braaford,8c\
Mr. Thomas Hinkley, J
This.Yearthere wasa very great Earthquake in iVfw-^wj
land. Alfo Mr. Ralph Partridge died in a good old Age, having for
the fpace of fourty years difpenfed the Word of God with
very liccle irapedhnenc'by ficknefs*. His pious and blaradefslife
became very advancagious to his Dodrine; he was much ho->
noured and loved by all that converfed with him. He was of a
found and folid judgement in the main Truths of Jefus Chrift,
and very able in Difputation to defend them ; he was very
fingular in this. That notwithftanding the pauficy and povercy
of his Flock, he continued in his Work amongft chem to che
end of his life, v He wene to his grave in peace, as a /hock of
Corn fully ripe, 'and was honourably buried at Duxbury.
In whofe Remembrance, one who was a true Admirer of liis
worch, prefented thefe ac his Funerall.
Not Rage, but Age ; not Age, but Gods Decree,
Did call me hence, my Saviour Chrift to fee.
And to embrace, and from his hand receive
My Crown of Glory; Oh who would mt leave
A ftattiring World, nay Friends, or what's moft dear.
The Saincs Comhiunion that's enjoyed htre,
X Ai

154 New-Englands Memoriall, An.1658.
At ence to have God, Chrift, Saincs, Angels all.
To make compleat, and fum our foyes totall ?
Now I behold Gods Glory faCe to face ;
Now I fit down With Chrifl, who've run my Race -,
New I flng praife to God, and to the Lamb
Now I Companion to the Angels am ;
NoW i behold With greateft joy my Sons
And Daughters all ; I mean Converccd ones,
which I Was inflrumentall in my place
To bring to God, but all of his Free-grace.
Haw am I Changed I that of late was weak,.
Above the farce of Satan how to break.?
How am I Changed' Son of forrow late.
But now triumphing in my heavenly flate.
Howwas Ivex'dwith pains, with griefs moleft ed\
Hem in a moment am I now Invefted
with Royal Robes, with Crowns, with Diadems,
tf^ith Gods Eternall Loves ? Such precious Gems
Hehathin fiore for them his Saints that Are;
For fuch indeed he counts his fewels rare.
Oh Brechren, Sifters,Neighbours,Councry,Friends,
Tme now above you : Hark, to them God fends _
As yet furviving in their Worthy Charge,
whofe ivsrk, iris Gods Vineyard to enlarge.
God and my Confcience, your experience knows,
whiles I was with you, I Was one of thofe
That labcur'd faithfully Gods Vineyard in.
Sawing his Seed, and plucking up of Sin.
Now is the Harveft to my felf indeed;
Thc Lord grant a fupply of one to feed
Tour Souls with heavenly food, and one te lead
Inwayes.of God, untill his Caw^s you. tread.
Next to Gods htie, my Elock, /ow me another;
And-next to Chrift, preferve love' to thy Brotheri,
Let ever precious be in your efieem
Gods holy Word -, and fkch as fii^it, deem Of

An. 1658. New-Englands Memeriall, 155

of Serpents brood : whatever they pretend.
By no means to fuch Blaftthemies attend.
Decline all wanderings, left from all you firay ;
If flept a fide, return in this your day :
Keep clofe to God, fo he that is Mofi High
Shall you preferve as Apple of his Eye.
And give you peace, on Earth Tranquillity,
Manfions in Heaven to Eternity ;
Where We that Death doth for a time now fever.
Shall meet, embrace, and ftiall not part for ever.
R un is his Race,
A nd his Work done ;
L eft Earthly place,
P artridge is gone,
H e's With the Father andthe Son.
P ure joyes and conftant do attend
A // that fo live, fueh is their end.
R eturn he fiall with Chrift. agen,
T 0 fudge both 'juft and finful men.
R ais'd is this Bird of Paradife :
I cy Heaven e-ntred breal^ the ice.
D eath under foot he trodden hath ;
G raet it to Glory flraitefl Path,
E ver en'joyes Love free from wrath.
This year, on the laft day of fuly, ic pleafed God chac by
Thunder and Lighcning one fohn Philips of Marfifield, in che
jurifdidion of New-Phmouth, was fuddenly flain.
Alfo in che moneth of Auguft ic pleafed God to take away
by death Mr. WilUam Paddy, who was a predous Servant of
Chrift, endued with a meek and quiet Spirit, of a courteous
behaviour to all men, and was very careful to nourifh an in
timate Communion with God : He was inftrumental in his
place for common good both in thc Church, (being fomeci-mes
X 2 by

156 New-Englands '.MfwmW^ An.1658.
by Office a Deacon of the Church of Chrift ac Plimouth) and
in ocher refpeds very officious as occafion did require. He
having a greac Temporal Eftace, was oceafioned thereby to
have abundance of bufinefs upon him : but when he was to
put off this his earthly Tabernacle, he laid afide all his earthly
Incumbrances and Occafions, even as one would have taken
off a garment, "and laid ic down ; and wichouc any, crouble of
Spiric (on chac behalf) prepared himfdf for his Journey co the
Everlafting Manfions, prepared for him by his Lord and Ma
fter in the highcft Heavens, whereof he was well affured ; as
to the like efftd- he fpake fome words to Mr. Norton, near
unco che period of his life: and fo falling afleep in che Lord,
he was buried ac "Bofton with honour and great lamencaeion, in
the year and monech above-mentioned.
'Gnewho was well acquainced wieh his Worth and gracious
Endowments, prefented this following as a Teftimoniallof his
good refpeds of him.
W eep not dear Wife,Cliildereni nor dear Friends,
I live a life of foyes that never ends.
L ove God, and fear him to end of your dayes :
L ive unto him, but die to fin alwayes.
I « heavenly place of Blifs my Stul doth reft
A 'mong the Saints and Angels I am blefi ;
M uch better here,' then in the world at befi.
P raifing my God is now 'my f great imploy,
A bove fuch troubles as did me annoy.'
D id but my friends know what I here poffefs,
D oubtlepit would caufe them to m'ourn the lefs :
Y our Souls with mine ere long ftiall meet in ilifi.

X659.

An,i6$9. New-Englands ii/fwpm//." 157
1 d 5 p.
^H/sYear Mr. Thomas Prince wis Chofen Governour of.
ihc Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth :

MrT William Collier,
Mr. fohn Alden,
CaptainThomas willet.
Major fofias winflow,
Lieut. Thomas Southworth,
Mr. VVilliarh Bradford, Sc
Mr f Thomas Hinkley,

^were Chofen Affiftants
to him in Government.'

_ Having noted before. That in the Year 1657." there arrived
in thc Colony of New-Plimouth many of tliat pernicious Sed
called fakers'; t.he Reader may ..take notice. That by this
iime,?indior^iomeye^rsziteif New-England (in divers pares
of ic) laboundcd wichchem, and they fowed ehdr corrupc and
damnablej,Dodrines, both by word and writings,' almoft in
every Town of each Jurifdidion; fome whereof were. That
all men ought to'attend to the Light within themto be the Rule of
their Lives and Actions .; and, That the holy Scriptures were not
for fhe inlightning of man, nor a fetied a-nd permanent Rule of
life. They denied the Manhood of theLord Jefus Chrift, and
zSirtnedf That'as Man he is not in Heaven,"^ They denied the
Refurredion from the dead. Thcy affirmed. That an abfilute
TerfeElion in Holinefs or Grace is attainable in this life. '-¦ Thcy
placed their Juftification upon their Patience and Suffering for
their Opinions, and on their righceous life, and retired derou-
ricy, and affeded fingutaricy boch in word and gefture.
As to Civil accoune, they allowed not nor pradifed any civil
refped to man, though fupcriours, cither in Magiftratical con
fideration, orasMafters, or Parents, or the Ancient, neither
by word nor gefture. They deny alfo the ufe of Oaihes for
X 3 th^

158 New-Englands Memoriall. An. 1659.
the deciding of Civil Controverfies ; with other abominable
Opinions, Dreams, and Conceits, which fome of them have
exprcffed, tending to grofs Blafphemy and Athdfm.
This efficacy of Delufion became very prevalent wich many,
fo as che number of chem increafed, to the great endangering
of che fubverfion of che whole, boch of Church and Common-
wealch, nocwichftanding che endeavours of thofe in Authority
to fupprefs the fame, had not the Lord declared againft them,
by blaftingthdr Enterprizes & Concrivements, fp as they have
of lace wicliered away in a greac meafure; fundry,of thdr
Teachers and Leaders which have caufed them to erre, are de
parted the Country, and we truft the Lord will make thc folly
of the remainder manifeft to all men more and more. Errour
is not long-Uvcd ; the day will ded.ire it. Let our deliverance
from fo eminent a danger, be received amongft the principal of
tne Lords gracious Providences, and merciful loving kindneffes
tow'irds New-England; for the which let prefent and future
generations celebrate his Praifes,
This year that Learned and godly Servant of God , Mr.
Henry Dunfter, fell afleep in the Lord. He was fometimes Pre
fident of H^f'^'i^^ Colledge ac Cambridge in New-England, in
which heapproved himfelf to the fatisfadion of fuch as were
in thofe Affairs concerned. Afterwards he came into the Ju
rifdidion of New-Plimouth, and lived awhile in the Town of
Scituate, and was ufeful m hdping to oppofe tbe abominable
Opinions of the fakers fore-mencioned, and in thc defend
ing of the Trjuch againft them. He dcceafing in the faid Town
oH Scituate^ his Body was embalmed, and removed unto Cam
bridge aforefaid, and there honourably buried.

16 6 Q*

An.i66o.6i. New-Englands Memoriall. I5P
I d ^ o.
THis Year Mr. Thomas Prince was Chofen Governour of
the Jurisdidion of New-Plimouth :
Mr. William Collier,
Mr. fohn Alden,
Capcain Thomas willet, f -m.^-. . »,„
Major fofias trinfiow, y%9 ^"J^^" Afliftancs to
c4t.Thi: Southiorth, < him in Governmenc.
CApt.VVilliam Bradfordjec
Mr. Thomas Hinkfiy,
This year fames Pierce, a yomig man that belonged to Bo
fton comingon Fiftiing, and upon occafion putting inco Pli
mouth Harbour, ic pleafed God that a ftorm of Thunder and
Lightning arofe, and by a blow thereof he was flain of a fud
den, bdng much fcorchcd and burnt thereby, alchough his
Cloches were made faft and clofe abouc him : fo ftrange
was this great work to the wonderment of all thac beheld ic.

I 6 6 \»
''His Year Mf. Thomas Prince was Chofen Governour
of the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth;
Mr. William Collier, ")
Mr. fohn Alden, j
Capcain Thomas VVilkt, \ j, (.. ^ ^^^^^^^ ^
rX'lf , f'^'^ in Governmenc.
Cape. Thomas Southworth,
Capt. WiHiam Bradford, 8c
Mr. Thomas Hinkley,

150 New* Englands Memirh/l, An. 1662.

M

1 d 5 2,
R. Thomas Prince was Chofen Governour of the Ju-
rifCfidionof NeW-Plimouth:

Mr. William Collier.
Mr. fohn Alden,
Captain Thomas Willet,
Major fofias winfiow,
Capt. Thomas Southworth,
Cape. William Bradford, &
Mr. Thomas Hinkfey,

were Chofen his Affi-
ftancs in Governmenc.

This Year upon occafion of fome fufpitioa of foq^e ploc in
tended by the Indians againft the Englifh ; Philip the Sachera of
P ocanakjt, otherwiie ciWed Metacom, made his appearance ac
the Court held at Plimsuth, Auguft 6. did carVieftly defire the
continuance of that amity and friendfhip that hath formerly
been between the Governour of Plimtuth and bis deceafed Fa
ther and Brother : and to thac end chc faid Philip doth for him
felf and his fucceffors defire, chac they might for ever remain
fub Jed to che King of England.his^ heirs and fucceffors ; and
doch faithfully promife and engage, that he andhis, will truely
and exadly obferve and keep inviolable, fuch conditions .is for
merly have been byhis Predeceffors made; and particularly,
that he will not at any time, needlefly or unjuftly, provoke or
raife War with any of che Natives ; nor ac any cime give, fell,
or any way difpofe of any Lands (co him or chem appereaining)
to any ftrangers, or co any wichouc our privicy or appoincmenc;
buc will in all chings endeavour to carry peaceably, and inoffen-
fively cowards che Engl'ifti,
And the faid Courc did chen alfo exprefs cheir willingnefs co
continue with him and his, cheabovcfaidfrienctfliip, and do on
thdr pare promife. chac they will afford chem fuch friendly af-
fiftanct

An.i662. New Englands Memoriall.  l6T
fiftance by Advice and otherwife, as they juftly may : And we
will require our EngUfli at all times to carry friendly towards
them. In witnefs whereof chc faid PhiUp the Sachem hath fee
to his Hand, as alfo his Uncle, and Witneffed untolby fundry
iocher of his chief men.' "
witnefs, John Saufamen.,
The mark, tn 0/ Francis The mark, O^ 0/ Philip
^ the Sachem of Naufec. hUds Meeaco'm,,
,.This year,- on thc 26 of fanua>yj'at che fhucting in of che
Evening,' cherc was a very greac Earthquake in New-England,
andchcfame nighc another, ..^alchough fomething lefs chen che
lormcr.'^ /And again, on che 28 of che fame monech chere was another
ibouc Nine of the clock in the morning."
"Forafmuch as I have had fpedal occafion feveral times in this
Hiftory to mention divers Earthquakes that have heen in New-
England, they bdng great and eerrible works of God, and are
ufually ominous eo fome ; ftrokcs and vificacions of his hand
unco places and peoples where chey arc; and fometimes the
Lord in'the very ading of his power in them, hach declared
his feverity to the childrcnof men, to thdr^ great overthrow
and confufion :
I thought ic neceffary, before I pafs on.'a little co poinc ac
fome^few particulars, co work and induce uscoa profitable
remembrance of chem ; it bdng very confiderable chat is faid
by a ufeful Author, in caking notice of che Wifdome of God,
in preparing thc Earth CO be a fit Habitation for man to dwell
in, jaddeth withall. That as if man Were not alwayes Worthy to
tread upon fo fllid a foundntien , We fee it oft-times ejuak^ and
fhakf^and rock, and ''^"'^ it felf, as if it fhewed that he which
made it threatned by this trembling the Impiety of the. World, and
the ruine of thofe that dwell on the Earth.
\ In order^ unto thac which I have nominaced in this behalf,
and more prindpally intend, lee us cake notice, TlW Writers
have rendred the caufe of Earthquakes to be. That when it
Y ^ baf^entth

i6z Ncw-Englands Memoriall. Art.1662.
happeneth that Air and Windy Spirits and Exhalations are Jhut up
in the Caverns of the Earth, or have fuoh paffage as is too nar
row for them, they then ft riving to break, their prifons, fliake the
Earth, and m.ike it tremble. Tbey fpeak likewife of the feve
ral kindes of them : as
Firft, When che whole force of che Wind driveth to one
place, there being no contrary motion to let or hinder it;
many Hills and Buildings have been rufhed down by this kinde
of Earthquake, efpecially when the Wind, caufing it was ftrong:
for if ic be a feeble Wind, ic onely loofencch or unfaftenech
Foundations ; if lefs feeble , chen wichouc further harm the
Ei^rth onely fliakes, like onefick.of an Ague.
Secondly, The fecond kinde isafwdlingof the E.irch; the
which, when thc Wind is broken out of its prifon, the Earth
recuxns co its place again.
Thirdly, A chird kinde is, A gaping, rending, or cleaving of
the Earth one part from anocher to thac fometimes whole
Towns, Cities, Rocks, Hills, Rivers, and fome parts of the
Sea hath been fwallowed up, and never feen more.
Fourthly, Afourchkinde is, Shaking thac caufeth finking,
Tn^s yyas the and is farre different from the forijier ; for now the Earth
AtlmtrckOce- fpiitt^th not, but finketh; this being in fuch places where
Tsf^./MPhro though the furface of che ground be folid, yec ic hach hue a
affirmcth , who falc foun'datiQn,which being moiftened by wacer driven through
lived ^66 )ears it by thcforcc of the fhaking Exhalation, is turned into water
btfare Chriji glfo.
yf^hrn. Fifthly, A fifth kinde of Earthquake isconcrary to thc for
mer ; for as before the ground finks down, fo now ic is caft
up, like as in che fecond kinde already meneioncd: onely chis
is che difference, that now ic rctumech not to its place again,
but remains a great Mouncam. And noce, chat if fuch a Rifing
be in the Sea, it not ondy cauf^ch overflowings, bue produceeh
likewjfemany Iflands, fuch as were never feen before.
Thefe particulars are crcaced of ac large by approved Au
thors, and here onely hinted, to the intent that we may take
notice of ihc fpecial Providence of God to New-England in
chis

An.i662. New- Englands" Affwrn^//. "53

this behalf, tbat we havc not as yet felt the mifery of the wor ft
of the kindes of Earthquakes forenamed, nor fwallowed up in
them, but thofe we have been fenfible of have been racher
gencle Warninss unco^us , co fhake us oue of our eafchlji-
raindednefs, fpiricual fecurity, and other fins, left the Lord
docomeagainftus with Judgements of this kinde incheforcft
and worft fort of them, or otherwife by removing the pre
fent bleffing of godly Govcrnrtient from us,
Notwichftanding that which hath been faid , the Efficient
Caufe is Supernatural, as either principally 6^(j^, or inftrumen
tal ly the v^»f*/f, .ilthough nacurally the Wind fhiic upwic|iin
the Pores and Bowels of tne Earth, ks is before-noced.
If theEficdsof them ufually are fudi, as by thera is fome- Exod. 19. 18.
rimes a difcovery of theChannds of Water, and Foundations Pf>'-*9<f- ^
of thc World, thc Removing of Mountains from one place Ma{tf\\i.i.
to another, the Cleai'ing of Rocks, and opening of Graves pfal.ig.ij.
and of Gates, yea the chrowing down of many famous Build- Zech.144.
ings and Cities, and fome fwallowed up, and raany thoufands R^".^ 11,14,
of people deftroyed thereby • the turning of plain Land inco Jpt^^J^.
Mountains ; the throwing down of Mountains , arid raifing
up of Iflands in che Sea, the breaking out of Riverswhere
there were none before ; die difcovery of burning Mountains
where there were none feen before -, Famineand Pellilcncc : (of
which particulars divers inftsnces might be produced out of the
Sacred Scriptures,and feveral ocher Authors ; ) Ought we not
then CO fear and cremble before fo greac a God, who (as one
faith) by his Handnraid Nature doth fo terribly fliake the Etarth,
AS no Land can be fure, no place fo ftrong that can defend us .?
Nay, the moreflrojig, tbe raore dangerous^ for,, the higher,
the greater fhe fall. LcC us therefore fay wich the Wife-man;. Ecclcf.j 14,
/ know that whatfoever Cod doth, fiall ftand for ever ; nothing
can be put to ity nor Oty thtUg tak^n from it : and God doth it that
men fhould fear before hini.
ThisYear Mr. /o^w Brc-pin ended this life; in his younger
Years traveling into the low Countries, he came acquainted
with , and took good liking to the Reverend Paftor of the
Y z Church

*64 New-Englands Mcmetiall. An. 1663.

Church of Chrift at Leyden as alfo fo fundry of the Brethren
of thac Church; which. ancient amity induced him (upon his
coming over to Nerv England) to feat himfdf in the Jurif
didion of New-Plimouth in which hcwas chofen a Magifirate:
in which place he ferved God and the Country feveral Years;
hcwas well accompliflied with abilities, to both civil and reli
gious concernments, and accained chrough Gods grace unco a
comfortable perfwafion of thc love and favour of God to him ;
befalling fick of a Fedver,with much ferenicy and fpiricual com
forc, fell afleep in the Lord , and was honourably buh'ed at
wannamoifet near Rehoboth, in the fpring of the Year above
faid.

T

I 6 6 ^,
His Year Mr. Thomas Prince was Chofen Govcrnour of
the Jurifdidion of New-Plimouth :
Mr. William Collier, »
Mr. fohn Alden, 1
Capt. Thomas WiUet, /^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^ ^^ ^j^. ^^f^.
Major 7./^ w^flow, y ^^^^ .^ Government.
K^pt. Thomas Southworth,{
Cape. William Bradford \
Mr., Thomas Hinckley, J
This'yeur Mr.- Samuel. Newman, Teacher of the Church of
chrift at Rehoboth, changed this life for a beccer. He was
fomeciraes Preacher of Gods V^ord ac Weymouth in the Jurif
didion of the Maffachufets, and frora thence removed to Re
hoboth, where he continued in the Work of the Miniftry untill
tbe end of his dayes. He was a lively difpenfer of the Word
of God, and of a pious life, very hofpieable, and at the clofe
of his life very full of joy an^ eomfort ; and with chearfalneft of

An. 1 66 J. New-Englands Memoriall. i6s
of fpiric refigned himfelf up co the Lord, and his Spiric inco
arms of his bleffed Redeemer, defiring chac thc holy Angels
miglit do their office in cranfporcing his Soul into everlafting
bl/fs and happinefs. He fdl afleep in the Lord on the the fifth
of f,.ly 1663.
This year alfo it pleafed God to put a- fpeedy period to the
life of Mr. fohn Norton,who was a burning and a fiining Light ;
and although the Church of Bofton in a more fpecial manner
felt thc fmarc of this fudden blow, yec ic rcflcded upon the
whole Land. He was fingularly endowed with thc Tongue of
thc Learned, inabled to fpeak a word in due feafon, not onely
to che wearied Soul, buc alfo a word of Counfel co a people in
neceflicy thereof, beine not onely a wife Steward of the things
of Jefus Chrift, buc alfo a wife Stacefman ; fo that the whole
I,and fuftamed a great lofs of him. At his firft coming over
into New-England, be arrived, at- Plimouth, where he abode
the beft part of one Winter, and Preached the Gofpel of the
Kingdome unto them ; and ever after to his dying day retained
a good affcdion unto them : From thence he went co Bofton,
and from thence to Ipfwich in New-England, where he was
chofen the Teacher of their Church ; and after the deach of
worthy Mr. C«f/o« he was foHidted, and at length obtained to
return to Bofton j and there ferved in that Office untill his
death. He was chofen by the Jurifdidion of the Maffa
chufets, together with the much honoured Mr. Simon Brad-
flreet, to go over into England it Agents in the behalf of that
Jurifdidion, unco Flis Majefty and the Privy- Coimcil, upon
Bufinefs of greateft Truft and Concernment ; and foon after
his Return, it picafed God fuddenly and trnexpededly to take
hira away by death on the fifth day of April, 1 663. His Body
was honourably buried at Bofton, On whofe rauch lainentcd
death take this following Elegie.

Y 3 An

166 Ncw-Englands Memoriall. Aa.1663.
At\ Elegie on the Death of that Eminent Minifter of
the Gofpel , Mr. ^ohn Nortov , the Reverend
Teacher of the Church of Chrift at Eo({ort, who
exchanged this hfe for abctter./^/»'/V5. iddj.
Ask, fat the reafon why Tears are our meat.
And none but Mourners feen in ev'ry fireit ?
Our Crown (alas) is fain frora our head ;
we finde it off: Woc tO US, NORT O N's dead'.
Our breach is like the Sea, no healing's known :
To comfort Sions daughter is there none ?
oh teach your daughters Wailing every one.
Their Neighbours deepeft Lamentation /
Oh that mine eyes a Fountain were of Tears !
I'd day and night in Mourning fiiend,my years.
My Facher ! Facher ! IfradsChariocs chou
And Horfcraen wer'c ! So-nsof the Prophetsnow
Weep, fince your Mafter from your head is caken :
This Father of the Mufes hath forfaken
His Study here, not liking our. dark, Roome,
Doihcliufe thofe Manfions in his Fathers Home.
The Schoolmen's Dodors, Whomfoe're they call
Subtile, Seraphick, or Angclicall :
Dull Souls ! their Tapers burnt exceeding dim
They might to School again to learn of him.
Lombard mufttout of date : We ncw profefs
Noreon r^f Mafter of the Sentences.
Scotus, a Du-nce to him : Should We compare
Aquinas here, none to be named are.
of a more heavenly flrain his Notions Were,
More pure, fublime, Schelaftical and cleare
More like the Apoftles Paul and John I Wift,
was this our Orthodox Evangclift. AftJ

An. 1653. New-Englands Memoriall. 167
And though an Exile from his Native Land,
.rf^/ John j« Paemos Vl?4/ ; yet here the hand
Of Chrifl leads forth more clearly to eft>y
The New-Jcrufalcm in her bravery.
who more Acute in Judgement Was then he ?
More famous too for Heavenly Policie ¦.
He Was a wife and faithful Counfellor,
One of a thoufand, an Interpreter.
Mighty in Word and Prayer, who could have
whate're almoft from Heaven he did crave :
On him, with things Without (which I'le not name)
The care of all the Churches daily carae.
He ear'dthus naturally : Oh hear that Rod
which us bereav'd of fueh a Man of God I
.Zealous for Order ; very Criticall
For what was truely Congregationall.
A Pillar of our Church andStite was he ;
But now No more, no raore his face we fee !
who thought more fit of all his Tribe to ftand
Before our King, for favour for our Land
Lately ? but now tranflated is to Reft
This Agent of New-Englands Intereft.
When laft he Preach'd, he us the Vitern gave
Of all that Worfhip Chrift in's Church Would have 1
God then him up into the Mount did call.
To have the Vifion Beacificall.
As Thomas to the Twelve faid [Come, let's go
And die with him] Td almoft faid fo too ;
yie yet awhile in Tears fowe, that I may
With him in joyful Reapings live for ay, A Tomb

J|£^  New Englands Memeriaft. An.1663.
A Tomb now holds his Souls beloved Shrine,
Of th Holy Ghoft a Temple mofi divine.
And Well Ncw-Englands Heart raay renc at this 1
Wonder not. Reader, I fo greatly mifs
Fit words, his Wforth, our lofs and ^riei to fame^
When as woEpicaph can declare the. fame,
T.S.
Not long after, viz.. in the moneth of fuly, followed the
death of thac Eminene Servane of God, Mr. Samuel Stone,
who w^s another Star of the firfl Magnitude in the Firmament
oi New-England. He was a learned, folid, and judicious Di
vine, equally able for the Confirmation of the Truth , and
Confucacion of Errours. His Miniftry was wich much Con-
yidion and Demonftration, and when he fee himfdf eo Appli
cation , very Powerful. . He was Teacher eo the Church of
Hartford fourteen years together with Mr. Hooker, and fixceen
years after him, Thircy years in all : He died on the zoih of
f/tlyf and was honourably buried at Hartford,
A.Threnodia upon our Churches fecond dark Eclipfe,
b2ppen[ng ^uly 20. 1665. by Deaths Imerpofitlon
between us and thar Great Light and Divine Planr,
Mr. Samuel Stoue^ late of Bartfordin New-Euglattd,
LAfl Spring this Summer may be Autumn flyl'd.
Sad withering pall our Beauties which dejpofl'd :
Two choicefi plancs, our Norcon and eur Scone,
Tour Jufts threw down ; remov'd, away are gone.
One fear brought Scone and Norton to their Mother
In one Tear April July them did fmother,.
Dame Cambridge Mother to this darling Son ;
Emmanuel, Nortbampt that heard this one, Effex.

An.i663. i^ew-B.nglzi\ds Memoriall. 169
Effex, our Bay, Harcford, m Sable clad.
Come bear jour parts in this Threnodia fad.
In lofing One, Church many loft : O then
Many for One come be fad fingmg men.
May Nacure, Grace ^«/ Arc be found in one
So high, as to be found in few or none ?
In him thefe Three with full-fraught hand contefied
With which by each he (hould be moft tnvefted.
The Largefs of the Three it Was fo great
On him, the Scone Was held a Lighc compleac :
A Scone more then the Eben- ezer fam'd ;
Scone fplendent Diamond, right Oricne nam'd ;
A Cordiall Scone, that often cheared hearts
Wtth pleafant Wit, with Gofpel rich imparts ;
Whec-Scone, that Edgifi'd th' obtufeft Minde ;
Load-Scone, that drew the Iron Heart unkfnde ;
A Ponderous Scone, that would the Bottom found
of Scripture-depths, and bring out Arcan's found ;
A Stone for Kingly David'j ufe fo fit.
As Would not fail Goliah'j front to hit ;
A Stone an Ancidote, that brake the courfe
of Gangrene Errour by Convincing force ;
j^ Stone Acure, fie to divide and ftjuare ;
A Squared Scone, iecame Chrift s Building rare ;
A Peter*/ Living lively Scone, (fo Reared)
As live, WAS Haretords Ufe ; dead, death is feared.
In Harcford old. Scone firft drew Infant breath ;
Ivt^ew tffxs'dhis Uft : O there beneath
His Corfs are laid, near to his darling Brother, Hooker
Of '^hom dead oft he figh' d. Not fuch anocher.
Heaven is the more defireable (faid he)
For Hookjr, Shepard, and Haynes Company. E.B.
Z 1664.

J70 New-Englands .MfTTiOf/flZ'. An.1664,
I d d 4..
THisYear Mr. Thomas Prtttee was Chofen Governour of
|he Jurisdidion of New- Plimouth :
Mr. William Collier, -v
Mr. fohn Alden, j
' C^pmn Thomas Willet, (^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^j^p^^^^^ ^^
mprf fas winflow \ hira in Governmenc.
Cape. Tha- Southworth, I
Capt.VVilliam Bradf«rd,Sc\
Mr. Thomas Hinkley, -^
This yezr 2 Blazing-Star or Comet appeared in New- Eng
land, in thc Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, and che beginning of the
Twelfth Moneth : Concerning which it hath been obferved.
That fuch was its motion, thac in all likelihood ie wasvilibleeo
all che Inhabicancs of che Earth ; and that alfo in its mocion
the Blaze of ic did cum co all the quarters of the World ^ and
thac by ics curning according co die feveral x\fpeds ic liad co che
Sun, ic was no fiery Mercor caufed by Exhalation, buc chac ic
was fent immediately by God co awake chc fecure World.
I willingly clofe wich that which Mr. Samuel Danforth hach
Religioufly obferved, as cothe Theolngical Application oi this
ftrange and notable Appearance in the Heavens, That indeed
i>y the Teftimony of the Sacred Scriptures, and the common H ifio-
ries of former Ages, Comets do ufually precede, and portend great
C-alamities, and notable Changes.
To adde a few more Inftances to chofc che faid Audior hath
well obferved.
When the Emperour f avian attained to the Empire, (fuc
ceeding che Apoftaca fuUan, under whom thc Church fuffered
much Perfecution ) and chac under him borh Church and
commonwealth were hke to havc had a flourifliing time, had he

An.1664. Ncw Englanas A/cwflrw//. 171
he not been taken away by fudden deach ; Then alfo, appeared Socrates, lib.
aComet, fhewmg chac further crouble was yet to be expeded ^'Cap.n.
to che Church.
Again , other Authors make mention of a ftrange Comet
chatwas feen in the year of Chrift 410, bdng like a Two-
edged Sword, which portended many Mifchiefs and Calamities
thac happened boch in the Eaft and Weft, and fuch greac
flaughters of men were about thofe dayes, as no Age ever
afforded the like: All Europe was in a manner undone; no
fmall part of Afia was affngheed ; and Africa alfo was noe
void of chofe Evils, as -War, Famine, Droughe and Peftilcnce.-
all of chem ftrove as ic were co crouble che whole World.
Alfo in che Years 1400, 1401, 1402, 14OJ, Comets ap
peared , and gi-eac Calamities followed ; fundry unheard-of
Difeafes were fele. Rivers dried up, and Plagues were increafed;
Tamer lain. King of the Scythians and Parthians, wich an in- R'ade Csrior,
numerable Hoft invaded Afia, calling hivaieli The Wrath- of ^'^¦^¦f'^^^'i'
God, and DefoUtion of the Earth.
Alfo in the Year 1 5 ig appeared four Comets ; and in the
Years 1530, 1532, and 1533, were feen in each year one.
Lansjuet faith. That there were chree wichin the fpace of
two years, upon which chefe and the like Calaraities followed ;
viz. A great Sweating Sicknefs in England, which took away.
greac multitudes of people ; The Turk in the quarrel of fohn-
Vuavoyda, who laid Claim co che Crown of Hungaria, cncred
the faid Kingdome with Two hundred and fifty thoufand fight
ing Souldiers, committing againft chc Inhabicancs chereof moll
barfhand unfpeakable Murchers, Rapes, Villanies and Cru-
dcies. Greac Famine and Dearch in Venice, and the Countries
thereabouts, which fwepc away many ; The Sweating Sicknefs
in "Brabant, and in a greac part of Germany.
Greac Wars likewife aboue che Dukcdome of MUlain, be-.
twccn the Emperour Charles the Fifth, and Francis chc French
King. About that time alfo all Lufitania or P-o-rtugal was ftruck
Z 2, wkh

i?^ Ncw-Englands Memoriall. An.1664.
wich an Earchquake, infomuch chat ac VUfippo, or Lisbon, above
a Thoufand Houfes weie chrown down, and Sixcy more fo
fhaken chac chey were ready co fall : wich many ocher Evils
that befell thofe pares abouc chac cime.
And CO obferve whac hath fallen oue fince this laft Comet ap
peared, will noe be unufeful, eicher in Europe, or in /America.
\n Europe, the great Conceit becween our own Nation and
s.me the wn- ih^. Dutch, which hach chreacned bloody War; and whac will
^thhe hive been ^^ in checonclufion, is known onely co God; Befides ocher
Jademaqtmenis Conccfts bet^weenihe Dutch 3nd fome orher of chcir Ndgh-
tittwntihe two bours ; as alfo chc Fcltilence very hoc both in England and
Nat'tons, and Holland.
mch Bkod In America, the late and fad blow that our Countrymen at
'^'^' the liicChriflophers received iromthe French. And as to our
felves in New-England, akhougli through the mercy of our
good God there IS no breaking in, nor going oue inco Capci-
vicy, nor complaining in our ftreecs; yec wc havc been ehreat-
ned wich Invafion by Forreign Force, and foraecimes in cx-
' pedation thereof, as alfo we arc noe co flighe chc hand of
God in his lace fore Serokes in taking away fo many by Thun
der and Lighcning, co che greac amazemenc and ccrrour of
many : as alfo Gods c<^ncinued ftrokes in Drought, Blafting,
and Mildew, wich which much of chc Fruits of thc Earth havc
been deftroyed. All which confidered, ought to induce us to
fearch and try our wayes, and to enter inco a ftrid and ferious
exammacion of our hearcs and lives, and having found out
whac thofe fins are thac are moft provoking ro thc Majefty of
Heaven, we may reform them, whether in Church, in State,
in Family, or m Perfons , that fo he may not fiir up all hif
Pft.l 78 38- wrath, but yet may delight over m to do us good, from the begin
ning of the year to the end thereof.
This year it pleafed God to fmitc the Fruits of thc Earth,
viz, the Wheat in fpecial, with Blafting and Mildew, whereby
much of It was uccerly fpotlcd, and became proficable for no
thing, and much of ic worch liccle, bdng lighc and cmpcy.
This w-is looked- ac by thc judicious and confcienuous of the
Land,

An.1664. New-Englands Memorieill. J 73
Land, asa fpeaking Providence againft thc Vnthankfulnefs of
many for fo great a mercy, and thdr Murmuring exprcffed in
their words, by fighting and undervaluing terms of it : as alfo
againil Volupcuoufnefs, and abufe of the good Creatures of
God by Licentioufnefs in Drinking, and Fafhions in Apparel ;
for the obtaining whereof, agrcatpareof this principal Grain
was oftentimes unneceffarily expended. This fo fad a Difpenfa
tion, wieh ocher particulars, oceafioned the obfervation of fome
dayes in a way of Humiliation before theLord, fomewhat more
frequentiy chen ordinary. Lee ic alfo be obferved. That yec ;«
judgement he remembred mercy, by affording a plentiful Har veft of
ocher fores of Grain, fo as che Counery fuffered noe in refped
of che wane of Bread chis year, buc bad plency chereof.
This year alfo His Majefties Commiffioners, viz. Colonel
Richard Nicolls, Sir Robert Carre Knighc, George Cartwright
Efq; arid Samuel Maverick^ Efq; Arrived ac Bofton in New-
England in che monech of fuly : The tenour of whofe Com-
rriflionwas in fpecial, To reduce theT>ntch at the Minhito's to
His Majefties Obedience ; which in fome fhore time was accom
plifhed, and che Place and Jurifdidion thereof furrendrcd up
unco liis Majefties faid Commiffioners, who ftyled ic by che
Name of New- lark,, and placed a Governmenc over ie of His
Majefties Subjcds, che aforefaid honourable Colonel Richard
Nicolls bdng Governour -in chief cherc. And whereas they
were likewife Commiflionaced To hear and determine fuch Dif
ferences as might be amongft the Colmies, in refpeEl unto the Bounds
of their JurifdiHions ; Some fuch Differences were by them
heard, and in fpecial bccwixe Plimouth and Road- 1 ftand, and fuch
Secclemenc therein concluded as they were capacitated unco. As
alfo fiindry Propofitions were by chem made co feveral of che
refpedive Jurifdidions , which together wieh che AgicacionS
concerning them, and the Anfwers unto them, are elfewhcre
excanc. They likewife prefented thc honoured Govcrnour of
the Jurifdidion of PUmeuth (as eo chac Colony) wich a gradous
Leecer frora His Majefty ; Thc Coneencs whereof arc as fol
loweth.-
Z i To

^74 Nrw-EngJands Memoriall. An.1664.
To Our Trufty and Well beloved. Our Governour and
Council of New-Piimoiithj greet,
CHARLES REX.
TRufty and well- beloved. We greet you well. Wc
need not mlargc upon Our Care of, and AffciSbon
to that Our Plantation of New- Plimuth , when Wc
give you fuch a Teftimony & Manifeftation of it, in the
fending of thofe Gentlemen, perfons well known unto
Us, and deferving from us. Our trufty and welt- beloved
Colonel Richard Nicolls, Sir Robert Carre Knight, George
Carttvright E q; and Satt;sud Maverick Efq-, our Commif
fioners to vifir you, and other our Plantations in thole
parts of New-England, and to giveus a full and particu
lar Information and account of your prefent ftate and
condition , and how the fame may be advanced and
imprqvcd by any further Adts of Grace and Favour
frora us towards you •, ^nd that both you and all the
world m:?y know and take notice. That we take you in
to our immediate prorcdion, and will no more fuffer you
to be oppreffed or injured by any foreign Power, or ill
Neighbours, then we would fuffer our other Subjects
that live upon the fame Continent with us, to be fo in
jured and oppreffed. And as our Care and Protccfiioii
will (we doubt not) bc fufficient with Gods bleffing to
defend you from foreign force ; fo our Care and Cir-
cumfpedion is no lels, tha.r ypu may live in peace a-
mongft your felves, and with thofe our other Subje^s
who have planted themfelves in your neighbour Colo
nics, with that Juftice, Affej^ton, and brotherly Love,
which

An. 1 664. l^cw Englands Memoru/l. 175
which becomes Subjcds born under the fame Prince,
and in the fame Country, and of the fame Fahh and
Hope in thc Mercies of our Lord and Saviour Jefus
Chrift. And to the end there may be no Contentions
and Differences between you, in refpeiS of the bounds
and Jurifdidion of your feveral Colonies*, the hearing
and determining whereof we have referred to our Com
miffioners, as rhe, Righc appears by clear Evidence and
Teftimony before them , or that thcy can fettle ic by
yoar mucual Confjnt and Agreement^ otherwife, in
eafes of difftcuhy, they (hall prefent the fame to us, who
will determine according to our own Wifdome and Ju
ftice. Thc Addtefs you foftncrly made to ifs, gave us
fo good fatisfadion of your Duty , Loyalty a^id Af-
fediontous, that wc have notthelealt doubt that you
will receive thofe Commifsioners in fuch manner as be
comes you , and as may manifeft your refped and af
fcdion towards us, from whom they are fent. They
will let you know the refolution we have to preferve all
your Liberties and Priviledges, both Ecclefiaftical and
Civil, without the leaft violation ; which we prefumc
will difpofe you to manifeft by all wayes in your power,
Loyalty and Affcdion to us , that all the world may
know that you do look upon your felves as being as
much our Subjed-, and living under the fame obedience
under us, as it you continued in your natural Countiy.
And fo Wc bid you farewell.
Given at Our Court at Whitehall, ^pril 23. 1 664.
in the Sixteenth Tear of Our Reign.
By His Majefties fpecial Command t
HENRY BENET.
After

176 New Englands Memoriall. An. 1665
After che faid His Majefties Commiffioners had vificed fe
veral of che Jurifdidions of New-England, and were coiirce-
onfly encercained in everv of thera, the liiid honourable Co
lonel Richard Nicolls is fetied at New-Tork, for che prefene, be
ing Governour chere, as is before-noced: Geerge Cartwright
Efq; wene for Englandin the laccer end of che year wich Mr.
. Benjamin Gillam, -And was takenhy the Dutch, and aiterwirds
"^ohitlcitte wich fome difficulcy arrived in England: Sir Robert Carre is
fine that went ^c che prcfcnc ac Delaware , and Mr. Samuel Maverick^ ac
for England, Bofton.
in the year 67-
Ht ar-f'ivedat^T\([o\, anddiedihe-<e]we\. the next day after he ame afhore. Aboatthal
time it was thought by fuch as were judicious, That through the infl't^at'ion ef tbe faid M»verlck,
(whofe fphit was full of CM al'i^Aty a^mfl the Country) aur both Civil Md RiligioiK Liberties^
werr much e-udaitgcred ; and the rather, for thfit probx'obj there would have been a CuneurreMCC of
divers lll-affeiltdin thc Land, had not the Lord prevented.

1669.
THis year Mr. Thomas Prince was Eleded Govcrnour of
the Jurifdidion of Ne"^- Plimouth.
Mr. William Collier, 1
Mr. fohn Alden, I
Major ^y;.. winflow, \ ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^
?*"¦ VT,f- 77// J to hira in Governraent.
Capt. VVtlltam Bradfora, J
Mr. Thomas Hinkley, & j
Mr. James Brown, J
In the Spring of this Year , thac honourable Gencleman
Mr. John Endicot, Governour of the Jurifdidion of the Maf-
fachufets,chnnged this life for a beccer. He was a very vireuous
Gentleman, and was greatly honoured and loved of che moft,
as he well deferved. He arrived ac Salem ia the year 1028, and

An.1665. i^cvj-Enghnds Memoriall. IJJ
and had che chief Command of chofe chae ae che firft chere
feaced, and bare a deep fhare of che Difficulties of chofe firft
beginnings , which were greac , by reafon efpecially of che
greac Sicknefs and Mortality chac was chen amongft chem, as
hath been before-noced : There he coneinued, uneill che jurif
didion of che Maffachufets faw reafon eo defire his removal
to Boflun, for thc more convenient Adminiftration of Juftice,as
Governour of the faid Jurifdidion, to which he was frequent
ly Eleded for many years together wich liccle intermiifion ;
and in which honourable Service he ferved God and che Coun
try, uneill old Age, and che Infirmities chereof, coming upon
him, he fdl afleep in ehe.Lord, and was wich great honour and
folemnicy Inccrred ac Boflon.
This year it pleafed God co caufe a fad difpenfation of his
hand co pafs before us, in reference eo chc fudden deach of
Capcain Davenport, who in che Monech of fuly was flain as
he lay on his Bed wich a blow of Thunder and Lighcning. He
was a raan of forae Eminency, being beerufted wieh che Com
mand of the CnHle in the Mafl'achufets ; at which faid Caftle
he was flain as aforefaid : The raore ought this fo fad ftroke
of God to bc confidered, and laid to heart, and improved for
our humiliation, and che amendmene of our lives before che
greac and eerrible God, who fo aloud fpake unco us in ehis fo
fad and awing a Providence.
This year ic pleafed the Lord again eo ftrike che Whcic of
chis Counery in a more general way then the laft year, wich
Blafting and Mildew, whereby che greaceft pare of ic was
fpoiled, and che Plowmans hopes (in chac refped) very much
fruftrated. Howbeic, che Lord ftill mixed wich chis afflidion
very much mercy, in fparing che ocher Grain, whereby che
Counery was in fome good meafure fupplied.

A a \666*

178 Ncw-Englands Memoriall. An.i666,

T

1666.
His Year Mr. Thomas Prince was Chofen Govetnour of
the Jurifdidion of New-PUmeuth :
Mr. fohn Alden,
Major faflas Winfiow,
Cw.Thomas Southworth,! , . , ,, ^,^
Capt. William Bradford V^^^ "^^^^X^ ^^ ^^ ^'^ Aftlft-
Mr. Thomas Hinckley, { ants m Government.
Mr. fames Brown, &
Lieut, fohn Freeman,
Tliis year it pleafed God to go on in a manifeflacion of his
difplcafure againft New-England, in a very remarkable man
ner, by ftriking dead in a momene by a blow of Thunder, chree
perfons in the Town of Marflficld in che Jurifdidion of New-
Tlimouth, in chc monech of fune, viz. one named wiUiam
Shirtlif, and a Woman and a Youth ; which fad Difpenfation
of Gods hand , bdng confidered wich fome Circumftances,
gave caufe to the beholders to bc much aftonifhed : the faid
Shirtliff having his Wife by thc hand, and fitting by her eo
chear her, in refped chac che faid ftorm was fo fierce, hcwas
flain, and fhe preferved, chough in fome meafure fcorchcd wich
che Lighcning ; yea, he had one of his Children in his arms,
and himfdf (lain, and chc Childc preferved. We have likewife
received incelligence of four raore that about that tirae were
flain by Thunder and Lightning abouc Pafcataqua, and divers
more hurt. At the time of this ftorm of Thunder and Light
ning, in the which thofe of Marfhfield died, there arofe like-
wife a very great Whirlwind, that where it came it tore up
Trees by the Roots, though through mercy ic did hccic ocher
hurt It was a great while, and many years fpent fince the Engliflr came

An. 1 666. New-Englands Memoriall. 179
came inco chefe p.ircs, before any very confiderable hurt was
done by Thunder and Lighcning co eicher man, or beaft ap
pereaining CO chem, alchough fomeciraes very fierce ftorms of
that kinde, as frequently as in thefe times : hue now how doch
thcLordgoongradually in this, as in other Judgements here
in New- England f firft by ftriking Caccel, and chen one perfon
at a time, and this year divers, to the number of feven, be
fides fome Cattel alfo.
Thus God thundereth marvelloufly with his voice, he worketh Job ^j. f,
great things Vthich V/e k^iow not : He can fend the Lightnings that & 38. } j.
they may Walk, and'^fay, Lo here we are. Hath any an arm like *°'^'
God ? or can any thunder with a voice like him ? By this his ter
rible Voice he breaketh the Cedars, and divideth the flames «/ Pf'il'i? f>7-
flre ; which he commiffionaccs co do his pleafure, fomeciraes
noe onely ftriking Cedars, buc greac Oaks in a wonderful man
ner, fometimes Beafts, fometimes Men and Women. If Gods
fudgements have chus been abroad in the Earth, how ought -the Ifiiah 25. 9.
Inhabitants ( of New- England) to learn righteoufnefs ? How
eafily can che Lord flam the pride of our glory wich a ftroke of
his hand i Lce noe the familiar nefs or frequency of fuch Pro
vidences, caufe them to be negleded by us, to improve them ss
God would have us, to fear before him, and to eurn from fuch Ecclef.g 13.
iniqaicies efpecially as are moft difpleafing unco him, and eo
hold our lives in our hands, and eo bc in a readinefs for his
plcifurc, leHknowing not orr time, as the fifhes that are taken Ecclef.9,11.
tn an evil net, and as the birds that are caught in the fnare , fo
wc {hall be fnarcd in an evil cime, wJicn ic falicch fuddenly
upon us.
This year chc Lord threacned the Country wich thac infe
dious and concagious Drfcafe of chc Small Pox, which began
ac Bofton , whereof fome few died : buc through his great
mercy It IS ftayed, and none of late have died chereof.
This year che Lord likewife chreacned, and in fome meafure
cxecuced his difpleafure upon cheCouncry by Droughe ; but
through his mercy hath of late fent plenty of Rain, for chc
recovering of the fruics of the earch. Alchough ic is to be
Aa 2 obferved,

i8o Ncw-Englands Memoriall. An. 1666.
obferved, Thac foon after a day of Humiliation was obferved
by fome Congregations , for thc blefling of Rain in the
Drought above-mentioned , thac fad ftroke by the Thunder
7ix\dU^hir\\n^^t Marfhfield fell ouc : fo thac we may fay with
Pfa! 6^^. the Pfalmift unco the Lord, By terrible things tn Righteoufnefs
thou hfifl anfwered HI, O God of our Salvation.
Alfo chis year there hach been fome ground of fear of In
vafion by Forreign Enemies ; buc hicherco che Lord hath
kept us.,
This year much of che Whcac is deftroyed with Blafting
and Mildew, as alfo fome ocher Grain by Worms, and che
Droughe aforementioned ; buc che Lord hath fenc much Rain
for che recovery ot the remainder, through his greac mercy.
This year, abouc che middle of ful-j, Mr. Thomas Prir.ee
Governour of che Jurifdidion oi^PUmoutk, Captain Thomas
Southworth, Mr. fohnElictfenior, Mr. fohn EUot iunior, Mr.
Samuel Arnold, Mr. fohn Holmes, Mr . William Bnnfmead, znd
Mr. Thomas Cuflman.^ gave meeting co Mr. Rich.ird Bourn of
Sandwich, in reference co che caking nocice of whac proficiency
,•< fpcci4 Mt- the Indians under the Inftrudion of the faid Mr. Bourn havc
¦ifrjiatio.t of attained unto, in che knowledge of God in Chrift, and their
^'if E^hm'^ incereft in liim by Faith ; and co make fuch Profeflions or
!5o"t-'srt/-I'/tf« Confeffions as chey fhould openly make chereof, co che glory
'rithe Jm(di- of God, and the fatisfadion of chc Samcs, in order unco cheir
//iaso/ Ncrt- joyning into Church-fellowfhip.
/vliinontn, '^^^^ ^^^^ Lord was pleafed co come m unco fome of them, fo
as thcy gave good fitisfadion unto the faid honoured and ju
dicious perfons forenamed, then affembled in reference to the
premifes: So thatic was concluded by chem, Thac whac had
paffed from the /»iw;«/ in that behalf, fhould be drawn up in
writing, and Copies thereof exhibited to the Churches of the
Jurifdidion of Plimouth, fuch of them as arc neighbouring
near unto thera ; and if nothing fhould be chen objedcd, chac
then in due and convenient time thcy fhould bc perm icted and
encouraged to enter inco Church-fellowfhip as aforefaid.
Now alchough I doubt noe buc the Paffages of thefe things will

An. 1666. New-Englands Memoriall. i8i

will be in due cime publifhed by a better Pen , yec I have made
bold here co inferc fo much as 1 have been informed of chem,
in regard thac chey are che firft-fruits of the Jurifdidion of
New- Plimouth, thac have come on co fo good perfcdion in
this kinde.
This year, in the moneth of December, it pleafed God co
take unto himfelf by deach thac worthy Servant of Chrift Mr.
William Thompfon, who was a lively difpenfer of thc Word of
God, and very afftdionate in the delivery thereof. Ic pleafed
God eo blefs his Labours to che Converfion of many Souls.
He was fometimes, cogecher with Mr. AT »cWm, fenc ut\io Vir
ginia by che Elders of chc Churches of che Maffachufets, bdng
requefted by a Meffage fent by fome of Virginia for fome help
in Preaching Gods Word amongft chera : Thefruic and benefic
of whofe Labours chcrcin, ftill remainech upon the Souls of
fome eminene in chis Land. He was Eleded and Ordained to be
Paftor of the Church of Chrift at Braintry in New-England ;
in which Office he ferved Chrift many years, untill old Age
coming upon him, and thc prevailing of his Melancholly dif-
temper, did in a manner wholly difable him from that Service ;
and Satan taking advantage thereby, he was under fad defcr-
cions and trouble of Spirit : At which time thc Reverend El
ders, and others of the aforefaid Jurifdidion of tbe Maffa
chufets, were very officious for his Recovery, and in fenfe of
his fad condition offered up many Prayers to God for him, and
in Gods good time thcy recdved a gr.icious anfwer; fo as in
his weaknefs and ficknefs ic pleafed God to come in unto his
Soul, and to remove che Cloud of darknefs chat was upon bis
Spirit, fo that wich much peace and comforc befell afleep in
theLord, and his Body was honourably buried at Braintry.
Mark_ the upright man, and behold the juft ; for the end of that
man is peace.

A a 3 \6&j.

iSz

New-Englands Memoriall,

An. 1 667.

1 6 6

M

R. Thomas Prince was Chofen Governour of the Ju
rifdidion of Ne\\p-Plimouth.

Mr. fohn Alden,
Major fofias Winfiow,
Cape. Thomas Southworth,
Capt. WilUam Bradford,
Mr. Thomas Hinkley,
Mr. /oA« Freeman, &
Mr. Nathaniel Bacon,

^

Chofen Affiftants tohi.m
in Government,

This year on the laft day of November, being che laft day of
thc nexc week, chere was heard feveral loud Noifes or Re-
pores, as if ic had been Gun^ difcharged in ch'e Air, firft one
diftindly, and in a fhore time as ic had been a Volley of Shoe
difcharged -. Ic was efpecially heard and obferved ac Nantasket,
and relaccd by fundry of chem of good Credit.
In che Spring following, in chc beginning of March, there
appeared a Sign in thc Heavens in thc form of a Spear, fome
thing thicker in the middeft then at eicher end, of a whicifh
brighe colour ; ic was^ feen feveral nighes together in the
Weft, abouc an hour wichin thc nighc : ic ftood ftooping, and
the one end pointing co che fecting of chc Sun, and fo fecled
downward by liccle and liccle , untill ic quicc vanifhed , and
defcended bencach our Horizon. God awaken us, chac we be
noe heedlefs fpedacors of his wonderful Works.
This year, on che fevcnth of Auguft, ie pleafed the Lord co
call home to himfelf thc Reverend, Ancienc, and godly Paftor
of the Church oi Bofton, Mr. John irilfon : He was a trueiy
Reverend and holy Man of God ; he came to New-England in
the year 1630. He was inftrumental in thc firft beginnings of
the Ch\XTi.hoi. Bofion, having been thc Paftor of ic chrceyears before

An.i<567. New-Englands MimoruU, 183
before Mr. Cotton, Twenty years.^vith hhn, Ten years' with Mr.
Norton, and Four years after him ; Thirty feven in all : And
in all thc Changes of Times that paffed ovcr him, he was fiill
of Faith and Prayer, and eminent- for Sincerity and Humilicy,
(being ever low iii his own eyes ; ) and for the grace of Lovci
tie h:^ largenefs of heart as the fand of the Sea, to do good CO
all. He was very charicable, 'where there was any figtis. and
hopes of good; and yet wichall very zealous againft knowxi
and manifeft evils. . He was QrthodoJtin his Judgemene,- and
very holy in his Converfation : Very lew that ever went out
of the world , fo generally beloved and reverenced as this
good raan. He was a g«pd man indeed, and full of ihe holy
Ghoft' He lived to il gtuleld age, and "^as full of dayes, and
full of honour, bdng in the Seventy ninth year of his Age,
when the Lord took bim to himfdf. He was Interred with
much Honour and Lamentation.
In the time of his languiftiing Sicknefs he was vifited by the
Elders round about, efpecially on the Sixteenth of May, the
day after the Court of Eledion,. when there bdng a general
meeting of all che Elders of che Churches ac his hoiifc, they
requefted Mr. wilfon (becaufS: chey knew noe whecher ever they
ihould have the like opppr tunity to hear him fpeak again, and
having been from the firft a Pillar amongft chem, and of mudh
Experience in his obfervation of the flate of things) That he
would folemnly declare to them, what heconcdved co he chofe
fins amongft us^ which provoked the difplcafure 'of God a-
gamft the Country. He then told thcra. That he had divers
stmes, and loxg feared thefe fins fetUwing, as chief amen^ ethers,
•which GodWas greatly provoked With ; viz.
1. Separation.
2. Anabaptifm.
3. Corahifm.
This latter he- did explain thus ; viz.. When, people rife up, as
Corah, againfi their Minifiers or Elders , as tf they took, too
much upon them. When indeed they do but Rule for Chrifi, and
according to Chrifi ; yet (faith bc) .it it nothing for a Brother to

184 Ncw-Englands Memoriall. An. 1667.

to ftand up, and oppofe without Scripture or Reafon, the Dodrine
and Word of the Elder, faying, [I am not fatisfied] dtc. And
hence, if he do not like the Adminiftration, (be it Baptifm, or the
like) he will then turn his back^ upon Ged and his Ordinances, and
go away, &c. And (faieh he) for our negleU- of baptizing the
Children of the Church, thofe that fome c<?// Grandchildren, I
think, God is provoked by it.
4. Another fin 1 take to be. The making light of, and not
fubjefling to the Authority of Synods, Without which the Chur
ches cannot long fubfifi. And fo for the Magifirates being
GMio-Uke, either not caring for thefe things, or elfe not ufing
their Power and Authority for the maintenance of the Truth, and
Gofltel, and Ordinances of our Lord and Saviour fefus Chrifl,
and for the bearing thorough witnefs againft the contrary :
Should the Lord leave THEM hereunto, how miferable a people
fhould We be /
Ac nighc che Affembly bdng difmiffed wieh Prayer , Mr.
wilfon did (being defired by chem fo co do) in a folemn man
ner blefs che Elders, raaking a fliore Prayer, faying, / am not
like long to be with you ; the Lord pardon us, and heal us , and
make us more Heavenly , and take us off from the world , and
make us burning and finning Lights, by our heavenly Doilr'ine and
Example. And I befeeeh the Lord with aU my heart to blefs you,
and to blefs his Churches, and to blefs all his People, and to blefs
all your FamiUes, and to blefs your wives, and to blefs all your
Children, and your Childrens Children ; and make us all more
and more meet for our Inheritance, (tnd bring us all to it in his
good time, &c. Thcfc words, wich forae few ocher, he fpake
wich greac affcdion, and wieh tears.- and all the Minifters
wept wich him, and they took their leave of him, even as Chil
dren of thdr Facher , who having bleffed chem was abouc
10 die.

Upon

An.i667. New- Englands i/mmW/. 185
Upon thc Death of ihat Reverend, Aged, Ever- honour
ed, and gracious Servant of Chrift, Mr. ^ohn wilfon^
Paftor of a Church in Boflon : Interred Augufi 8,
166 y.
AH ] now there's -none who does not kftortf
That, thn day in our Ifrael
// fall'n a great and good man too,
A Prince / might have faid as Well !
A man of Princely Power wieh God,
For Faieh and Love of Princely ffint •
Our Ifraels Chariocs, Horfemen good,
.S; Faich <j»<^ Prayer, though not byMer\,t.
Renown'd for Pradick Piety
In Englands both, from Youth to Age,;
In Cambridge, Inns- Coure, Sudbury,
And eath place of his Pilgrimage.
As humble as a little Childe,
when yet in real! worth high-grown :
Himfelf a Nochmg //// he flyPd,
when Cod fo much had for him done.
In Love a None- fuch : as the Sand
Wich largeft heart God did him flll-^
A bounteoHs Minde, an open Hand,
Affcdion fweet, all Jweetmng ftill.
Love Was his Life ; he dy'd in Love ;
Lo\e doth embalm his Memory;
Love is his Blifs and Joy, above*
ffith God now Who is Love for ay.
8 h A eitrp^

1 85 New-Englands Memorial. An. 1667.

A comprehending Charity
To all, where ought appear'd of good ;
And yet in Zeal Was none more high
Againft tifappareHt Serpents Brood.
To Truth he ever conftant Was,
In Judgemene wondrous Orthodox -,
Jn Trueh's Caufe never fearing face.
As if he Were another Knox.
The Pr daces and their Impoficions >
Did never him Conforraift make ;
But to avoid thofe Supcrfticions,
Great Worldly Hope^s did he forfakf.
When in New-England Errours Winde
From fundry other Quartets blew ;
No one could him Conforming finde.
Nought from the I^neef Truth him drew.
Firm fiood he 'gainfi ihe Familift,
And Antinoraian fpirit firong ,
He never lov'd' the Separ'cift,
Nor jet the Anabaprifts throng.
Neither the Toleracor's ftrain.
Nor Quakers Spiric could he irook,{
Nor bow'd to the Morellian Train,
Nor Childrens Righc did over-look,.
Nor did he flight Our Libercics
In Civil and ist Church-concerns,
But precious Were they in his eyes
who fiood among their fixed friendr.

Grave

An.j667. Ncw-Englands Ar^zwrna/ir. 187
Grave Saint ist England twice did give
This farewell Word to hint ^ While you
Shall in chat place (New-England) live
No hurt (haQ- happen thereunto.
Strange Word, and firangely verify- d 1
He this day goes. to*s Grave in peace.
what Changes fad fhall us bttide
^ow he it gone.f We-eamat guefsi
what Evil are We hafiening to !
Lord fpare thy People , but awaken ;
when fuch trway da from us go.
That yet We may not be forfaken '.
He a. fin ft Corncr-ftone- Was laid
In poor New-England's BoftonV wall:
Death pulls this out ; the breach, is wide ;
Oh let it not mv/ tumble all!
Hte's now at Reft, and reigns in Blifs ;
In Conflids We are left behinde.
In Fears and Scraies ; How fiall we mifs
His Faich, Frayer, Zeal, <?W peaceful Minde.
Lord pour a double portion
Of his fweet, gracious, pious Spirit
On poor Sur vi vers ! let each one
Somewhat thereof at leaft inherit!
Gaius our hoft, ah now is gane !
Can We e're look, fo^ fiioh another ?
But yet there is a Manfion
where We may all turn-in together,
Bb 2. No

1 88 New-Englands Memoriall. An. 1667.

No moving Inne, but Refting-place,
where his bleft Soul is gathered ;
where good men going are apace
Into the Bofome cf their Head.
Ay thither let tu hafle away,
Sure Heaven Will the fweeter bee
(If there We ever come to ftay)
For him, and other fuch as hee I

I M.

Upon the Death of that moft Reverend Man of God,
Mr. ^ohrt Wilfofj, Paftor of thc firft Church in
Bofton, in New-England ^ whofe deceafcwas Aug. 7.
1667. fOHN wilfon
John WILSON.
Oh change it not ! no fweeter Name or Thing
Throughout thc World within our cars fliall ring.
\7\T Hofo of Abr'am, Mofes, Samuel rcads^
V \ Orof Elijah, or Eliftia'/ deeds.
Would furely fay their Spirit and Power Was his.
And think, there Were- a Mccempfychofis.
Tea, like Jolin Bapeift in the Wildernefs,
So was our John in Pacmos here, no lefs.
John the Divine, refembling therefore rather.
And of Uew-Enghnds Prophets was the Father.
John

An.1667. New-Englands MtmoriiU. 189

John the Divine, whofe Life a Revelation'
Of Faith, and Love, and Chrifl to admiration.
Johnrhe Divine, whom JeCas lo\'d mofi dear,
Sweetned -with leaning on his Bofome here :
This is that John, whofr Death Vidso doth not moan.
Hath fure no heart of fiefl, but one of fione.
He had the Countries Faich; and Love, and Zeal,
Even Grace enough for-Churchand Common-weal-;
.whereby was propt up all the Fabrick. fiill.
That elfe had tumbled dtrwn our Sion Hill.
of meirly Men deferving glory mOre,
Tou'll finde nor Marcyr, mr a Confeffor,
Infpir dhe was with the- Prophetick^ Spirit
of all the Prophets, which he did inherit.
'Twixt an Apoftle and Evangclift,
H'is Order fiandeth'.in the Heavenly Lifii
If Paul himfelf among us dead had heen.
More tears or forrew could not have been feen.
They Weft not morr for this, that they fliould fee
His face no more, then now we Mourners bee.
For Heavenly -Voeias, mofi Angelical!,
Compo fing Volumes' With delight : were all
But gathered up in one. We fhould efl>y
Enough -to fill an Univerficy.
And were another Pfaltn-book made by thee
[[Midahi of JohnT] their Title it flould bee.
As aged John th'Apefilt us'd to blefs
The People, which they judg'd their happinefs :
So we did count it worth our Pilgrimage
Vnto him,, for- his Blefilngin his Age :
Tet then, no Babe more longing for -the Br eafi.
Then he to take within the .Church- his refl.
To have the fincere Milk, of Gpd'j good.Word,
which to his Soul all comfort did aford :
Not Heat, nor Cold, nor Rain, norSmw tmtfi bar ;
But every where becomes' an -Auditor.
Bb 3 who

J90 Ncw-Englands Memoriall. An. 1 668.
who ever, labour' d in the Minifiry
Move given, then he, to Hofpitality ?
To Strangers, Widows, FacherlefsW/s/Zj
To Friends and Foes he wa^moft liberall.
Of all his Prayers, Sermons, Travds, Pains,
He is afcsnded Heaven to reap the gains.
Oh for 3. double portion of thy Spirit I
No richer Treafure would wc all inherit.
Mafttif. apftfuit, T* S.

I 6 6 S.
THis Year ic pleafed God to viftt New-Engl/Jid with the ma
nifeftation of his difplcafure, by the death of. three Emi
nent Inftruments: The firft whereof- was that worchy Servant
of Chri'^'Mt. Samuel Shepard, Paflorof the Church of Chrift
ac Rowley in New-EngUad,. who deceafed in tbe Spring of this
year, in thc midft of his dsyts, and, in the^heginnmg of his
Work in the Miniftry; The fecond, tJiar worthy Man of God
Mr. Henry Flint, Tcachti* Of the Churclrof Chrift ac Braintry
in New-England, who ended his mortal life thc 27 of April in
this year; a man of known Piety, Gravity, and Integriyr, and
well accomplifhed wich oihcr QHalifications fie for. che Work of
the Miniftry. The chii-d and laft, but. noe the leaft; thot^Supcr-
cminene Minifterof the Gofpel (rightly fo called) Mi'., Jona
than Mitchel, Pjft.ir of the Church of Chriflr^- C-amhridge ia
New-England, who laid down' his Eanthly Tab^nackon the
Ninth of July in this year : Of whofe rate Endcnvmsnts, ' and
the great Lofs the whole Laiid fuftained by Iiisdcatil, take
this following brief Account.
Mr. fendthan MitcheU was horn ac HaUfax xn York:fbiye
hu England, o( fious and wealthy Parents, who comingover to

/*An.i668. New-Englands MemonaU. rpi
xo New-England, broughc him over young; his Education in
Learning was perfcded ac Harvard Colledge in Cambridge,
where he atcained to fu(;h a degree in knowledge, chac he was
foon called" tQ bea Fellow ofthe Colledge, and within few
years after his luftre did fofhmc, that the Church ae Hartford
upon Co^Micet River made applicacion to him m order to fup
ply the place of that Eminent Servant of Chrift Mr. Thomas
Hooker, a httle before deceafed ; but the Church at Cambridge
(by the Advice of their Paftor Mr. Thomas Shepard, then living)
nor willing'to part with fo great a Treafure, became Compe
titor wich Hartford, and gave him a Call to chem. Tliis loving
Snrife becween the cwo Chm^ches of Hartford and Cambridge
abouc him, wasMnafhore time decicjed by thc awfullhand of
God, in the death of that Eminent and Glorious Sear, Mr. Tho
mas Shepard, Paftor ac Cambridge , which place bdng wholly
defticuce, and Har-tford being fupplied wich a Teacher, naraely^
thac Worchy of theLord, Mr. Samuel Stone, the Ballance was
c»(i(ot Cambridge, and in the year 1650 he was Called and
Ordained their Paftor. Ic was an erainene favour of God to
thac Church, co have ehdr greac Breach chus made up, witii a
manfomuchof ebe Spiric and Principles of cheir former Pa
ftor, andfo excellently qualified wich refped CO chc Colledge:
for, Reafon and Prudence requirech, .chac che Minifter of that
¦ place bc more then ordinarily endowed with Learning, Gra
vity, Wifdome , Orchodoxncfs , Ability , fweet and excdlcnc
Gifts m Preaching, chac fo che Scholars which arc devocedancf
fee aparc in order to be Preachers of the Gofpd, raight be fea-
foncdwith thc Spirit of fuch an £/j;4A; In which regard, this
holy Man of God was eminencly furnifhed, and his Labours
wonderfully bleffed ; for very raany of chc Scholars bred up in
his cime (as is obferved) do favour of his Spiric, for grace and
manner of Preaching, which was moft accradive. He lived
Paftor of the Church abouc Eighceen years, and was moft in-
lenfe and faichful m declaring mudi of the Counfel of God.
He went through a great pare of che Body of Divinicy ; -made
a very excellcnc Expofitton of die Book of Genefis, and pare of
Exodus :.

191 Ncw-Englands Memoriall, An;i668.
£jri)iw ,. and delivered many fruitful and profitable Sermons
oncbeiour firft Chapters of fohn-, andtin his Monithlj Le-
flures , which were abundantly frequented , he Preached of
Mant Mifery by Sin, and liecovery by Chr.ift fefus ; and died
in che chird pare of it, viz. concerning Motfs -Obedience in
chrift • befiues many ocher excdienc Truths -by him caughc
upon divers occafions. In all his Labours God was wonder
fully prefene with him. He was a perfon chac held yery near
Communion wich God ^ Eminent in Wifdome,,Piety, Humility,
Love, Self denial, and of ,a compaffionace and cciider heare ;
furpaffing in Publick-fpiricednefs ; a mighcy man in Pr-iyer,
and Eminene ac ftanding in che Gap ; he was zealous for Or
der, and faithful in afferting chc Truch againft all Oppugners
of ic. In a word, he was a man whora God had richly fur
niflied, and eminencly ficced for his Work ; lived defired, and
died lamenced by all good Chriftians chac knew him» Icpleafed
God upon chc Ninch of /^/y, 1668; in a hoc and burning fea
fon, (buc much more hoc in che Heae of Gods Anger to New-
England) to take him to Reft and Glory, abouc che 43 year
of his Age. His Race was but fliore, buc the Work he did
was very much. The Elegies following may give the Reader a
furcher accoune of whac efteem he was.
Upon thc Death- of that truely Godly, Reverend, and
Faithful Servant of Chrift., Mr., ^onathart Mitchell^
Paftor of the Church at Cambridge., who deceafed
^uly 9. 1668
\T\rHat flsallwe fay ? Of fad EffeBswhat fear?
V V Four ^^ItndentSttArsextinguifh'd in one year:
2"woOld, one Young, <r»^r^»Vo/'Middle AgC;
A brighceft Lighc, moft eyes who did ingage.
The Iv&rd in's Temple is, Earch filence keep;
Difliute.not over-bold this Judgemene deep.
A Mourning great, each Eye diftilling Streams ;
Sad Sighs and Sobs in mofi men's mouthes their Theamt: And

An.i668. lAcw-Enghnds Memeriall. 19}
And who can blame it f for this we toell may.
If Love, if Fear, »/ Temple-fliakes bear fway.
The Wife hath loft her Head ; four hopeful Seems
>i Facher •, Cambridge too their Crowning Gems ;
Ndghbours, a ufeful Lighc ; Elders, a Broehcr,
whofe Head and Mouch made him to mofl a Facher.
J<i</ Cambridge, when thau lofl thy Thomas dear,
God pitied th'ee, and gave a right Compeer;
This Jonachan thy Micchcll, .one . in whom
Was Much-of-EL, a Michael judg'd by fome.
Right ftrong in School, in Desk of brighteft fliine ;
Arcift, ^oort Linguift, high Orthodox Divine ;
Of Judgemene ^fi?/?.; of Memory how large i
Invention ^uick,,, .grave, pleafant ; who can charge
T hee4n.ihy 'theory or Vt2i&ick with dark. fail?
Humble, Sincere, whofe Love-^cords did avail.
Much good by him you Cambridge have receiv'd:
He gone, by you his Rclids fee reliev'd.
./f Royal Qn-sre 'twas, wlien }oni.thzn dead,
.<^»^ Royal Ad, Jonathan's ,S tem to feed,, E.B.
To thc Memory of the Learned and Reverend, Mr.
Jonathan Mitchell , late Minifter of -Camhrtdge in
N, E. Inhumed fuly lo. 1668.
^icquid agimm , quicquid Patimur venit ex Alto.
THe Countries Tears, be ye my Spring ; my Hill
A g-eneral Grave ; let Groans infp'ire my ^fuiH
With an Heare-rending Senfe, drawn from the Cries
<?/ 'Orphan Churches, and the Deftinies
Of a Bereaved Houfe : Let Children Weep
They, fcarce k»ow why ; and let the Mother fteep

194 Ncw-Englands Memoriall, An. 1 668
Her Ufelefs Wo-pes in "Brine ; The Privace Friend
O'rewhelm'd Whh grief fairer his Comforcs tnd.
By a Warm Syrapathic^ff Feavcrifh Heat
Raamthroughmy Verfe vnf een ; and a Cold Sweat
Limning Defpair, attend me ; Sighs dif ufe
Convulfions through r/iy language, fuch m ufe-
To type a Gafping Fancy ; Laftiy flreeui
Religions Splendor jw « Mourning Cloud,
Replete With Vengeance for fuccee-ding Times
Fertile in Wocs, more fertile in thdr Crimes.
Thefe are my MufeS ; Thefe inflfire the Sails
Of Tancyi^th their Si^hs inftead of Gales.
Reader, reade Rtv'rend Mitchcrs Life, and then
Cronfefs the Wortd a Gordian Knot agen.
Reade his Tear- dclug'd Grave, andthen dnree
Our prefent Woe, and fucure Miferie.
Scars falling Jpeak^ a Scorm ; when Samuel diet,
SAulnmyexpeil PhilfftiaV Cruelties.
So when Jehovah's brighter Glory fied-
The Temple, Ifrael was Captive led.
Geneva')' Triple Light mnde- one Divine ;
Buthere that vafi Triumvirate covibine
By a blefi Mccempfycofis, to take
One Perfon fer their larger Zodiake.
Tn Sacred Cenfures, Farrels dreadfuU ScrOUl
Of Words, ir'oke from the 'W\l^\t to tht^o^v^.
£lndulgenp Vdrenis wh^nthey fpirc, they fpoylc;
<?/«/ Wouiids need Vinegar as weU as Oyle ;
Difiaftful Caces Withyf\ierie% do fuit ;
The Pafch'al Lamb was cat With biccer fruic.]]
In, B^my Comfants, Virfecs Geniu) came
.?¦/»»> /.^'wrinkiecl Alps/o wooethe WeftcrnDamC;
AndC<>ur.tingC^mbt\dge, qidckly toik fromtheme^-
Herhh Degrees of Rhctorick -«;«f Senfe.
Calvin*/ La<o'mc)^0rrough his DoArine /pred,
4nd ,Qaldren'S Children mth their -Manna fed; m

An. 1 668. New-Englands Memoriall. i95

His Expofition GeneCiS begun.
And fatall Exodus EcUps'd his Sun.
Some fay that Souls oft fad Prcfages give t,
Deach-breaching Sermons taught us laft to live.
One fowes another reaps, may truely be
0«r Grave-Inftrudion, and bis Elegie,
His Syftem of Religion half unheard,
Full double in his Preaching Life appear'd.
Happy that place where Rulers Deeds appear
Tth' Front o'th' Battel, and their Words 'i'th' Rear,
He's gone, to whom his Counery owes a love
Worthy the prudenc Serpent, and the Dove.
Religion's Panoply, the Sinners Terrour,
Death fummon'd hence fure by a Writ oi Errour.
The Quaker trembling at his Thunder, fled ;
And with Caligula refum'd his Bed.
He by the Motions of ^Nobler Spiric
Clear'd Men, and made their Notions Swine inherit.
The Munfter Goblin by his holy flood
Exorcis'd, like a chin Phancafma ftood,
Brown'j Babel fl^atter'd by his tightning, fell;
And with Confufed Horrour packed to hell.
The Scripcure with a Commencary bound
(Like a loft Calicc) inhis Heare was found.
when he was Sick, the Air a Feaver took^.
And thirfiy Phoebus ejuaft the Silver Brook :
when Dead, the Spheres in Thunder,Clouds & Rain
Crean'dhis Elegium, Mourn'd and Wept our Pain.
Let net the Brazen Schifmacick.rf^/V^ ;
Lot'j leaving Sodom, left them to the Fire.
'Tis true, theEet's now dead, but yet his Sting
Death's to their Dronifh Dodrines yet may bring.

Cc 2 Eplcaphium.

196 New-Englands Memeriall. An.i668.
Epitaphium.
HEre lyes toithin this Comprehenftve Span,
The churches, Courts, and Countries Jonathan.
He that speaks Mitchell, gives the Schools the Lk 5
Friendfhip in Him gain'd att Uhiqtiity,
Vivet poft Funera Virtus, F. D,
An Epitaph upon the deplored Death of that Super-
eminent Minifterof thc Gofpel, Mr. fonatlun Mjtchll,
HEre lyes the Darling of his time,
Mitchell, Expired in his prime ;
fi^ho four years fhort of Fourty feven
Was found full Ripe, and pluclffd for Heaven.
Was full of prudent Zeal, and Love,
Faich, Patience, Wiidome from above :
New-England's Stay, next Ages Story ;
The Chwrchcs Genrne ; the Colledge Glory,
Angels .may fl^eak. him; Ah! n«t I,
(ttyhofe Worth's above Hyperbole)
But for our Lofs, Wer't in my power,
i'de weep an Everlafting Shower. J. S.
A fourch Minifter chat died chis year, was Mr. fohn Eliot
Junior, horr\at Roxbury in New-England, Eldeft Son of the
Reverend Mr. fohn Eliot, Teacher of the Church there. He
WisEducaied (at Cambridge) in the Latine School, and in the
Colledge, uneill he became Mafter of Arts ; and a few years
afeer was called co be Paftor of a Church within che Bounds of
Cambridge, upon the South fide of Charles River. He was a.
perfon cxcellencly endowed,- and accompliflied. wich Gifts of
Nature,^

An.i668. New-Englands MemondL 197
Nature, Learning, and Grace ; of comely Proporcion, ruddy
Complexion, chearful Couneenance^ of quick Apprchenfion,
folid Judgement, excellent Prudence ; Learned both m Tongues
and Arts for one of his time, and ftudioufly incenfe m acquiring
more knowledge. His Abilieies and Acccpeacion in thc Mini
ftry did excell ; His Piecy, Faith, Love, Humihcy, Self deniall,
and Zeal, did craincntly fhinc upon all occafions. He had (un
der che condud of his Facher) by his diligence, induftry, and
zeal (tor che good of Souls) accained to fuch skill in the Indian
Language , that he Preached to the Indians fi^ndry years ;
Travelhng many miles in a day once a Forcnighc co difpenfe che
Gofpd eo chem. Thc Indians have qfcen faid, that ks Preach
ing to them wm precious and defireable; and confequencly cheu"
lofs, and chc obftrudion in chae Work, much co be lamenced.
In a word, there was fo much of God in him, thac all the
Wife and godly who knew him, loved and honoured him in the
Lord, andbcwailed his death; which fell upon the 13 day of
CSlober 1668. and of his Age about 3 5. years.
I Shall clofe up this fmall Hiftory with a voord of Advice to
i/;f Rifing- generation, That as now their godly Prede-
ciffors have had large Experience ofthe goodnefs and fatth-
fulnels of God, lor the fpace ef near Fourty fix years {fome
cf them ) and have paffed under various Dtfpenfmons,
fometimes tinder great Afflidions , other while the Sun
fliinmg upon their Tabernacles//; wayes of^tzceand
profperity, and yet notwithftanding, through the grace of
chrifl , the moft cf them have held their integrity in his
Wayes-. Ihat fo , juih as fucceed them would follow their
Examples , fo farre as they have followed Chrifl ; that it
might not be faid of them, as tt uto be feared it may ^f , by
what yet appears amongft many of them. That indeed Goa
did once plant a Noble vine in New- England, but it is jerem.i u..
degenerated into the plant of a ftrange vme. It were well
Cc ^ thst.

^^^^^'***°^™^— '*""~'°"~  1 iBiiii II II wii^MMM   I iii^nni  I I I - -
_^ff  New-Englands MemorialL An.i<568.
- rt, *i^*if »*k^i he laid, th^t the Rifing- generation did ferve
join, Z4.jf. the Lord all the dayes oi fich as in this eur Ifrael are as
Jo/hua's mongn «y, and the Elders that over- lived him ,
which have known all the works of the Lord which he
mth done for their Fathers. But if yet mtwithfianding
Kftenvards fuch fhall forget, and not regard thofe his greac
Works here prefented hefore them {heftdes matiy more that I
. %^ h fi)me others may come to their view) be they ajfured,
mU2.i, ^Q jyin deftroy them, and not build them up. oh there
fore, let the truely godly in this Land be incited hythe ex
ample pf Moks, as the mouth of the Clmrch , to pray earneft
ly and inceffantlyunto the Lord, That his work raay yet
P|il.g3.i<y. appear to his fervants, and his glory unto their children -,
iui.4^.3,4. ^^j^ jj^,j|. j^g ^Q^y pour out his Spirit upon his Church
md^&Q'^X^ in New-England, and his bleffing upon their
offspring, that they may fpring up as among thc grafs,
and as the willows by the water- courfes ; That fo great
occafion there may be thereby of taking notice thereof in fuc
ceeding generations , to the praife and glory of GOD*
So be it.

FINIS.

L«S. ..S- .JSi -S- ..SL. -.31 «i2E* -<SL
^/^ 'Bfief ChromlogMl Table,
Of the principall PASSAGES contained m
NeiP Fnglands Memoriall.
In the Teay of Chrifi I 6 i O.
Sundry godly Chriftians of che EngUfl Nation remove ouc
of the North of England into u\6 Netherlands, and ga
thered a Church at Leyden,. where they continued untill the
year 162O. Page 1,2.
1620.
For fcvcral Reafons tht Englifli condude on a removal from
thence into America, pag.z, J,4
Letccrs-Pacencs were obtained from King fitmes of Faraous Me
mory for chc Norchsrn pares of Virginia, p, 5
fuly 2, fundry of rhe EngUfl) fee Sail from Holland for Seuth-
hamproir. Ac their departure Mr. fohn Rob\»fon Paftor of
the EngUfl) Church at Leyden mites thcra a p:^r ting Letter,
p. 6,&c.
Auguft 5. they fee Sail from Southampton for Anrerifai Many
difcouragcments hapned on the Voyage, ' /». 10, 1 1
i^ovember 1 1 . thcy Arrived at Cape Cod, p. J z
And there they entred into a Body- Policick, p. 14
And Chofe Mr. fohn Carver thdr Govcrnour- for the prefent
year, p. 16
Difcovery is made for a fie place for Habication, ibid.
In che Difcovery the Engliflf' are affaulced by the Barbarous
Natives, f.19
A place

A brief Chronological Table,

A place difcovered, and there they fecJed, which was called
New-Plimouth, p,ll,2.Z
In fanuary and /'f^w<r7 was a Morcality amongU.the Englifli,
which fwepc away about half che Company, _ p, ^^
Several Articles of Peace were drawn up betwixt the En-
gUpj and thc great Indian Sachem Maffafoiet, willingly
fubmicting himfelf and his People to become the Loyal
Subjeds of the Kings of England, P- 24
A certain Indian named Sejuanto, who had formerly been in
England, became the Indian Incerprecer for che EngUfl, and
proved an Inftrument of much good co the firft Planters, f. 25
I 62 I.
Several Indian Sachems willingly fubmicced themfelves to the
Governmenc of New-PUmeuth , and volunearily acknow
ledged chemfelves and cheir People CO be che Loyal Subjeds
of the Kings of England, y. 29.
/«^/'rf« Grain planced, and Ek^Z/T^ Grain fowed by the Engli/b
this year, buc wich lictle fuccefs. In April Mr, fohn Carver
Governour oi PUnmth dkd, his Wife not fucceeding him
above fix weeks, P-SO,?!
Mr. William Bradfora was Chofen Govcrnour in his ftead.
Mr. Edtvard Winflow and Mr. Stephen Hopkins give che great
Sachem Maffafoiet a Vific, p. 3 1
The EngUfl view the Mafl'achufits Bay, bdng courceoufly en
cercained by the Indians che Nacives thereof, p. I i
In November one Mr. Robert Cuflnman arrived ai New-Plimouth,
who brought ovcr 3 5 Paffengers, p.ll
The Narrhaganfet Indians fend the Englifi} a Challenge, which
the EngUfli anfwer wich another, buc chey would noe accepc
of It, ibid.
1622.
The Englifh hold Correfpondency wich the Indians of the Maf
fachufets Bay by trading with thetn, p. 3 4
By reafon of daily rumours of the Indians Infurredion, the
Englifi} build them a ftrong Fort , in which were feveral greac

A brief Chronological Table.

great Pieces of Ordnance mounted, p. 37
greacDrought hapned chis fummer,from/I^«<^ 3. until the mid
dle of fuly chere was no Rain, fo thac the Corn began co wi
ther away, buc che Lord reraarkably anfwered the Prayers of
his people even co admiration, /'•375 38
A remarkable Providence of God, rending co che relief of ths
firft Plancers bdng in greac excremicy, p. 39
Here arrived chree Ships from one Mr^ Thomas jyefton Mer
chant, wieh 67 lufty men, who feaced chemfelves in in a part
of the Maffachufets Bay, now called Weymouth, p. 3 S ? 3 ^
Weftons unruly Company fall inco greac wanes, p.40
I 62 3.
The /«^;rfw, by reafon of weflons diforderly Company, fteal
ing away cheir Corn,^c. carry ic very infulcingly over chem,
and enter inco a Confpiracy to cut off the EngUfl ; which
Confpiracy being occafionally difcoverfd by the Sachem Maf
fafoiet, was prevenced by che Englifh, p.4i,&c.
Weftons Piancation wholly ruinated, p.43
Mr. fohn Pierce in his Voyage to New- England, was by reafon
of leaks and great ftorms twice driven back to England, in
whofefhip was 109 perfons, p.45)4<5
In fune one Cape. Francis Weft, who had Corarniflioh to be Ad
miral of N.E. arrived ac Plimouth, but by reafon of difcou-
ragemcncs he quickly left the Country, p.47
Two fliips, the A-nnc and fames, arrive in Plimouth, /'.47j48
Cape. Robert Gorges arrives in Plimouth, begins a fecond Pianca
tion of che Mafl'achufets Bay, which quickly brake in pieces.
Cape. Robert Gorges bad Commiflion from che Coundl of
N.E. CO be che General Governour ofthe Counery; he
broughc over wich him a Minifter, on Mr. Morre!, chac had
a Superincendenc Auchoricy over other Churches granted
him : buc chey both bdng difcouraged , quickly recurned
home to England, p.49 w 52
A Fire which did confiderable damage at Plimouth. Several of
the Inhabitants through difconeenc and cafuakies, remove
into Firgir4a, P'5^
Dd 1624.

A brief Chronological Table.

1624.
The Nuraber of Magiftrates increafed to 5 at Plimouth, p 53
The firft Neat Cattel brought into the Country, ibid.
Lyford and Oldham, for their treacherous undermining the Go
vernment of Plimouth, and fetting up a Schifmatical Church,
are both Banifhed that Jurifdidion, p-53i'^o„
1625.
Remarkable Judgements of God upon thofe two MachaviUans
Lyford and Oldham, p. 5 9,(^c.
Many of the Merchant- Adventurers prove open Adverfaries to
the Plantation of Plimouth, p.6i
A remarkable Providence of God on the Merchant- Adventu
rers, p. 6z
Succefsful Trading wich thc Indians of Kenebek, , p.6i
Cape. Miles Standifli goes over to Erigland as an Agent in che
behalf of the Plantation of New-Plimouth, p.6z
1626.
In April Capt. Standifh arrives in Plimouth, brings fad tidings
of Mr. fohn Robinfons, and Mr. Robert Cuflmans death, p.6i
They receive divers Letters from their friends in Holland] p. 64
1627.
Mr. Ifaac Allertsngoes over for England Agent for the Planta
tion wich the Merchant- Adventurers, p. 64
The firft diftribution of Land amongft the Inhabicancs of Pli
mouth, p. 6')
A fhip wich many Paffengers in her, hoand for Firginia, was
caft away atthe middle of Mannamoiet Bay, buc chey faved
their lives and their goods, and were courteoufly encercained
at Plimouth, p.6$,&c.
The Dutch Piancation defire Commerce with Plimouth, which
they grant them, and fo they held mutual and proficable cor
refpondency togechcr. Thc Dutch acquainc the Englifli wich
the tr adi ng of wampam-peag, p . 67
1628.
Morton for his Athciftical and licentious Pradifes, is appre
hended by Cape. Standifli^ & fent home to England, p.(>%,&c, Mr.

A brief chronological Table.

Mr. fohn Endicot arrives, bringing with him a Patent under tht
Broad-Seal of England, for the Government of the Maf
fachufets, p.-yo
I 6 19,
Three fhips arrive at Salem, bringing agreat number of Paf
fengers frora England: Infedious difeafes amongft thcm,;i.73
Mr. Higginfon, Mr. Skelton, Mr. Bright, Minifters,arrive, jp.74
Upon Aug.%. was the firft Church in the Maffachufets Colony
gathered, viz.. at Salem,, p.y^
The Book of Coraraon-Prayer pleaded for, and pradifed" in
Maffachufets Colony by two of the Patentees, p.76
Buc was c[uickly prohibited by che Auchoricy chere, p.77
1630.
Mr. Higginfon Teachcr of Salem Church died, p.78
A Flecc of een fhips arrived in the Mafl'achufets Colony, in
which came ovcr many worthy Inftruments, Mr. fohn win
throp, and Mr. Thomas Dudly MagiftraeeS; Mr. Ifaac fohnfon
Efq; and Mr, fohnVFilfon,Mr.George.7'hiUps,Mr, Maverick
and Mr. Wareham, Minifters, arrived. Mr. Ifaac fohnfon
Magiftrace of che Maffachufets , and his Lady, foon after
thdr arrival, died, p.8.3
(^Bofton, by Mr, John Wilfon, ^
Churches gatheredyvVatertown, by Mr. Philips, i g
this year at '^Dorchefter,hy Mr.MaverickS "'
t and Mr. Wareham, J
1631. A Church gathered at Roxbury by Mr. John Eliot
and Mr. Weld, f- 85
1632.
Sir ChriftopJier Gardiner (a ftrong Papift) arrived in N.E. who
for forae mifcarriages left the Country, and returned home
to England, and there proved an open Adverfary to the
Country, .,P-^5'.86
The Lords of the Kings moft honourable Privy- Council favour
the Plantations of iV.£. by their encouraging Order, p.87,88
1653.
The number of Manflrates ac Plimouth inzxtaftd to ftyen,p.^9
Dd 2 An

A brief chronological Table.

An infedious Feaver amongft the Inhabicancs of Plimouth,
whereof many died, P-po
Greac fwarms of fti-ange Flies up and down the Country,which
was a prefage of chc following raorcality, p-9i
Mr. fohn Cotton, Mr. Hooker, and Mr. Stone, Minifters, arrive
inN. E, il'id.
Mr. WilUam Collier, a liberal Benefador to the Colony of New-
Plimouth, arrives in N. £» il'id.
1 <5 3 4.
Mr. Skehon Paftor to che Church ac Salem died, p-7^
A greac morcalicy amongft- che Indians by thc Smalt Pox, p.9z
Capt. Stone turns "Pirat at the Dutch Plantacion, and there feizes
on a Plimouth Barque chac was cherc crading, p.9}
The cruel Maffacre of Cape. Stone and Capf . Norton ac Con-
»eSkot River by che Peefuot Indians, p.92,93
Mr. Roger PVilUams lamencable Apoftacy, p.yS,&c.
He is Banifhed by che Maffachufets Colony, ibid.
I 6^3 5.
Mr. Edroard winflow fenc Over to England as a publick Agent
for che Counery, p.91^
An Hirracane which did greac damage both by fea & land, p.9%
I 636.
ConeUicot Colony pJanced ehis year by many worthy Inftru
ments. Two Ihallops loaden wich goods were caft away in
the mouch of Plimouth Harbour, chc goods were faved, ccn
men drowned, p.96
Mr. fohn Oldham murchcred in his Barque by che Indians of
Block: I fland, P-92
1637.
The Pequot Wars ; in which War che Englifli flew and took Pri
foners abouc 700 Indians, and flew 13 Sachems, to the great
terrour of all che Natives, p.99
New-Haven Colony began chis year, p. 1 06
Antinomian and Familifiical Errours arc broach'd in- the Coun
try, efpecially ac Boflon, ibid,
h Synod is called, which condemned thefe Errours out of the
Word

A brief Chronological Table.

Word of God, p. ^07
Mrs. Hutchinfon andErr ours are banifhed hythe' Magifirates
of the Maffaejhufets Colony," ibid.
A hideoasMonfier born at Bofion oi one Mrs. MaryDyer,p.ioZ
I 6 3. 8.
Three EngUfl-men were pue eo deach ac Plimouth for robbing
and murchcring an Indian-r\ear Providence, p.iii
fune 2. a greac and fearftil Earchquake in che Counery, ibid.
Gorton, a peftilencSeducer, and blafphemous Achefft,is banifhed
Plimouth Colony, Whipc and banifhed frora Road-Ifiand, ba
nifhed the Mafl'achufets Colony, p:ioS,&'c:
1639.
Harvard Colledge founded ac Cambridge by Mr. fohn Harvard
of worthy memory, p.tiz
Articles of Peace renewed wich Maflafout Sachem, and his Son
Mooanam, by che Governraenc of Plimouth, p. 1 1 2,eJ'r,
1642.
Tliirteen able godly Minifters ac this time in Plimouth Jurifdr-
dion,fliined as bright Stars in the ChurchesFirraamene,/'.! 16
1643. '
Mr. wiUiam Brewfier, Ruling-Elder in che Church of Plimouth
died in che 84 year of his Age, p. 1 17
May 19. was the firft Combination of the four United Colo
nies of iV.^, p.izo
1644,
Mr. fohn Atwood, an eminent Benefador to the'CoIony of Pli^
mouth, died, p. 121
The Town of Eaftham erededhy divers confiderable perfons
of Plimouth, ibid.
1646.
Three men ofWar arrived in Plimouth Harbour under the cora
mand of Capt.T^o.- Crom-wel,richly laden. A murijrty amongft
the Seamen, whereby one man is killed, p. 1 23
Mr. E^w. winfiow goes over into England Agent for che Mif'-
fachufets Colony, co anfwer the complaints of fuiidry difcon
tented perfons, but returned no more to N. E. p. 124
D d 3 1647..

A brief Chronological Table.

I 647.
Mr. Thomoi Hooker, Paftor of che Church at Hartford, refted
from his labours, P-^25
1649.
March 26. Mr. fohn Winthrop Govcrnour of the Maffachufets
deceafed, p. 130
An innumerable company of Caterpillers in fome pares of the
Country deftroyed che Fruics of thc Earch, p. 1 3 r
Augufi 25. Mr. Thomas Shepard Paftor of Cambridge Church
died, ibid.
An Ad of Parliam.enc pafled in En£lartd for promoting and pro'-
fagating the Gofliel amongft the Indians in N.E. In reference CO
which, an Indian Corporation was chere eftablifhed. Able In-
flrumencs encouraged co preach che Gofpd eo the Indians in
i\?.£.cheBihIe was tranflated inco thelndian Language by Mr.
fohn Eliot, and (in 1 664.) was prineed ac Cambridge, p. 1 3 1
1650.
A great morcalicy amongft Children ehis year, ^.133
I 6 5 r.
Mr. wil: Thomas Magiftrate of Plimouth Colony died, p. 1 34
1652.
Mr. fohn Cotton Teacher of BofionChurch died. A Comec was
feen ac the time of his ficknefs hanging over N. E. which
went oue foon after his deach, p.i 35)<^r.
1653.
fuly 31. Mr. Thomas Dudly Governour of che Mafl'achufets
died, abouc che 77 year of his Age, p. 1 39
1655.
¦Plimouth hears fad news of che death of Mr. Edward winflow,
who had fometimes been cheir Governour, p. 1 42
1656.
Capt. Miles Standifli Magiftrate of Plimouth died, P- 1 4 5
1657.
May "i. Mr. William Bradford Governor of Plimouth died,p. I44
The C^iakers (thac curfed Sed) arrive ac Plimouth, p. 1 5 ^
Mr. Theoph: Eaton Governor of Newhaven Colony died,p. 1 5 *
Mr.

A brief Chronological Table.

Mr. Garret caft away in his Voyage from Bofton to England,
which was a great lofs to the Country, P-'^'S'^
1658.
A great Earthquake was heard in N.E. p-tjs
Mr. Ralph Partridge Minifter at Duxbury deceafed, ibid.
John Philips oiMarfli field Hain by Thunder & Lightning, p. 1 5 5
Mr. wiU'iam- Faddy Deacon of Plimouth Church died, ibid.
1659.
The damnable Opinions of the Quakers arc vented up and
down the Country, p. 1 57
Tvlr. Henry Dunfier, firft Prefident of Harvard Colledge, de
ceafed, p. 158
1660.
James Pierce flain by Lightning at Plimouth, p. 1 59
I Od 2.
In January feveral Earthquakes wereheard in N.E. p,\6i
Philip Sachera of Pokanaket-xenfws the- Articles of Peace roade
betwixt the Governmenc of Plimouth; and his Father & Bro
ther, p. 1 60
Mr. John Brown Magiftrate of Plimouth Colony ended this life,
p.163,164
1663.
Mr. Samuel Newman feather of Rehoboth died, p. 1 64
Mr. John Norton Teacher of Boflon died fuddenly, p-i^S
Mr. Samuel Stone Teachcr of Hartford deceafed, p; 16S
I 664.
A greac and dreadful Comet appeared in New-England for che
fpace of chree-moneths, which was accompanied with many
fad Effeds, ;>.i70
Greac mildew and blafting in the Country, p, 1 72
The Kings Commifiioners arrived at Bofion in N.E. p. 1 73
Manado's .iiirrendred up to His Majefty, and called New-lork^^ P-J73
Colonel Cartwright on his Voyage to England was caken by
the Dutch. Sir Robert Carre died the nexc day after his ar
rival in Brifiol, p.r76
I 6 6 5.

A brief. Chronological Table.

I 66$.
Mr. fohn Endicot Governour of che Mafl'achufets, died, p. 1 76
Capt^ Davenport Kxlled wich Lighcning as he lay on his Bed ac
che Caftle, p. 1 77
Wheat exceedingly blafted and mildewed, ibid.
1666.
Three killed in a moment by a blow of Thunder ac MarflfieU,
and four ae Pifcataqna, and divers hure. A greac Whirlwind
ac the fame time, p. 1 78
The Small Pox ac Bofion, p. 1 7^
The mildew and blafting of the Corn ftill continued, ibid.
A remarkable manifeftation of Gods goodnefs co fome poor
Salvages in che Jurifdidion of PUmeuth, p. 1 80
The deach of Mr. William Thompfon Minifter ar "Brfiifrtry, ¦ 1 8 1
1667.
Several Volb'es of fhoe heard difcharged'in che Air ae Nantaskft.
In March there appeared a Sign in'the Heavens in the form
of a Spear, pointing diredly to the Weft, p. 182
Mr, fohn wilfon, who had been Paftor of Bofton Church 37
years,r efted frora his labour.s in the 'jg year of his Age,p. 1 8 j
1668.
Mr. Samuel Shepard'?&f[or of Ro-aley Church died, p. i9o
April 27. Mr, Henry Flint, Teacher at Braintry, died, ibid.
July 9. Mr. Jonathan Mitchel, Paftor of the Church at Cam
bridge, dece&fed, p. 1 90,67" r.
OHobens. Mr. John Eliot junior, PaftOr of a Church wichin
the Bounds of Cambridge,- deparced chis life, p. 196, 197
The Condufion of the Hiftory, with Advice co che Rifing gene
ration, p. 1 97, 1 98

FINIS,

YALE UNIVERSITY

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