!j«mSi5T^5?s:j:': ^^IfVER^J YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY THE DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE OF THE RIGHT HON. RICHARD HILL, (l.i.d., f. r. s., &c., &c.) ENVOY EXTRAORDINARY FROM THE COURT OF St. JAMES TO THE DUKE OF SAVOY, IN THE EEIGN OF QUEEN ANNE: FROM JULY 1703, TO MAY 1706: SUPPLEMENTAL TO THE HISTORY OP EUROPE, AND ILLUSTKATIVE OF THE SECRET POLICT OF SOME OF THE MOST DISTINGUISHED SOVEREIGNS AND STATESMEN RELATIVE TO THE SPANISH SUCCESSION; OF THE RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES OF THE VAUDOIS, GUARANTEED BY ENGLAND, AND OF THE WARS IN THE CEVENNES, PIEDMONT, AND LOMBARDY, DURING THAT PERIOD. WitJi AutograpJis of many illustrious Individuals. EDITED BY THE REV. W. BLACKLEY, B. A., DOMESTIC CHAPLAIN TO THE EIGHT HONOUHABLE THE "VISCOUNT HILL. PART II. LONDON : JOHN MURRAY, ALBEM.\RLE STREET, 1845, MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 481 From Mr. Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges. Turin, the |th January, ITOi' Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you the 4th inst. S. N., and acknowledged the receipt of your letter, ofthe 17th November. I have been since then at Crescentin to see the wonderful effects of courage, constancy, and resolution. It is this day three months that the Duke of Vendorae is torment ing himself, and us, before Verrue. It is more than five weeks that he is lodged upon tbe counterscarp of the castle, which had no outworks ; in which five weeks, he has not got one inch from us, above ground. We reckon he has fired above 100,000 cannon-shot upon the place, and thrown 20,000 bombs,, besides infinite quantities of stones upon us. He has had time to wear out one set of artillery, and to consume all his powder, and to have recruits of cannon, mortars, and am munition from France. We have had the good fortune to kill him five of his General-oSicers, his chief engineer, and the commander of bis artillery. We have stified a great many of bis miners, andhave reduced five companies of his cannon- iers, which were of 4.5 each to 46 in all. Five of these cannon- iers deserted yesterday, and came to us at Crescentin, and gave for the reason of their desertion, that their officers grew pee vish, and impatient, and charged them a coups de baton, be cause the cannon did not make more impression upon our breaches. We have, indeed, two large breaches upon two of the bastions ; but the care, which we take every night to clear away the rubbish which falls into the ditch, leaves an escarpe of six or eight feet high, which hinders them from attempting to lodge themselves upon these bastions, till they can throw them quite into the ditch by their mines, which they had carried almost under them. We have had the good fortune to spring one of those mines, and to blow up their gallery ; and we are very hard at work to meet with the other. This long laborious defence is very expensive, as you will believe, in all respects, to his Royal Highness ; but the immortal honour which he gets by it; the hindering a superior enemy from taking winter-quarters in Piedmont ; the wearing out an inso lent enemy ; and, above all, the gaining time for a slow ally to come to our assistance, are the great advantages which are due to his Royal Highness's virtue, and patience. Mons. 3o 482 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. Belcastel, who served our late King, [who] is a pensioner ofher Majesty's, and a Major-General in Holland, is with us at Ver rue as a volunteer, and is of great use to his Royal Highness, by his experience, his zeal, and his mettle. I found the soldiers and subjects here all clothed with French cloth, which comes very easily from Lyons hither. I found this commerce was also very much encouraged by the customs and duties which have been always higher upon the English than upon the French manufactures. His Royal Highness has now done us justice, against the malice, the inclination, or the interest, of some people, andby making a new tariff, or book of rates, has made it worth while to our English merchants to send English cloth hither, which, if well pursued, would help to destroy all the woollen fabrics in Languedoc. I do not yet find any recruits coming for the French armies in Italy, except about 40 of the Queen's subjects which are come for the Irish battalions, who are deserters, marauders, or prisoners, from my Lord Duke of Marlborough's armies. It is a great advantage which the enemy has over the allies by re cruiting their troops in Italy by the deserters, or prisoners, which they send from the Meuse, or the Moselle ; and they send our deserters and prisoners from hence down thither, and into Spain. T cannot yet find that the Duke of Vendome does want mo ney to carry on his works at Verrue ; but I am assured, that the French garrisons at Suze, and Ivrea, are very ill paid, and that money does grow very scarce in France. I am well per suaded that Mons. de Chamillard does give 12 per cent for all the money which he sends to Italy, for which he gives assign ments to the bankers of Lyons, Genoa, Milan, or Geneva, up on which assignments he allows one per cent interest per month until they are paid. Besides this, the King loses 20 per cent upon all his expenses made in Italy, because be pays the louis d'or there on the foot of 12 livres, which goes in France for 15. I have been sorry to see the printed gazettes in Switzerland and Italy full of a speech which is supposed to be made in Parliament by the Lord Haversham. Perhaps, no such speech was made : perhaps, it might be a good thing at Westminster ; but sure I am, we had no need of it abroad : no need of it in print: it is good for nothing here. "His " Royal Highness does complain to me sometimes, that his " treaty is not yet signed at the Hague, nor ratified by King MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 483 " Charles the 3d, as it ought to be. I think I may resolve to " go meet P. Eugene so soon as I hear he is coming, and desire " you will please to send me a letter of credence to him from " the Queen, or from the Duke of Marlborough, directed for " me under cover to the Consul at Venice." I find, by the common newspapers, that a gentleman is gone to the Hague, and, perhaps, to London, in very good company, concerning whom I did write to you, the 25th September. I did not give any encouragement to his journey thither, and have no thing to add to what I did say to you concerning him in my said letter. I am, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Duke of Marlborough, Turin, the ^th January, 170^; My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Grace, the 4th inst. ; since then I have been at Crescentin, and Verrue, where our castle holds out bravely still. If I live to see such another siege, and to make such another long campaign as this has been, I shall desire your Grace to give me a commission. I do not trouble your Grace with any account of this famous siege. I leave that to Belcastel, who is still a much better officer than I am, and is so good a man that I hope you will not lose him. I give Mr. Secretary the best account I can of ourselves to day ; but I must tell your Grace a little more. We do not yet feel all the benefits of your Grace's treaty at Berlin. I am a little in pain lest " the exceptions which we " made here to the ratification of that treaty, and the delays " which are made at Vienna to tbe ratification of the same, " should hinder the march of the 8000 men, which can only " save us by their diligence and expedition. His Royal High- " ness will impute all the delays, which are made at Vienna, " to the malice, or impotency of that Court, or to the ill will " of P. Eugene, with whose conduct, for the last six months, " he is very ill satisfied. His Royal Highness makes the most "he can of Comte Guido, and about 4500 of his Germans " who are left ; but I have been afraid to tell your Grace how " uneasy and vexatious these two Generals have been to each " other all this year. It is now come to this, that Guido has " desired his conge from the Emperor, and swears he will be 3o2 484 MR. hill to THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. " gone so soon as the business of Verrue is over with, or with- " out, the Emperor's leave. The Emperor has never sent one " penny hither, and his troops in Piedmont are melted down " from 10,000 to less than 5000 this year ; yet the officers, and " Etat-Major are so great, that besides bread and forage, his "Royal Highness is forced to pay them 10,000 pistoles per " month out of the Queen's money, which is the most liquid " part of his revenues. We are obliged to the Duke of Ven- " dome, and to our defence at Verrue, if we can hold out here " another year. I hope P. Eugene's troops may be in Lom- " bardy, if he pleases, before the Duke of Vendome's recruits. " If that Prince does not make haste to prevent his enemies, " I fear he will come too late. If the Imperialists can, or will, " stir these two months, yet, 1 hope this murderous expensive " war for the French will be kept alive. If not, I do despair " of it." I am, &c. To the Lord Duke of Marlborough, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, ^4^ January, 170^-^ Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you the 14th inst., since when I have not any letters from London ; nor any com mands from you since the 17th November. I have not been at Crescentin this week; the rains, the snow, the frost, and the thaws, which have succeeded each o- ther every 24 hours for these eight days last past, have made the ways thither almost impracticable. The same ill weather has cooled a good deal our enemies' courage before Verrue. They have advanced nothing above ground ; and we have met with, and destroyed, the galleries of two of their mines, which they were bringing under the ditch, and under the two bas tions, where they have been pelting these 10 weeks. In the mean time we have pieced and mended up the two breaches, which were on those bastions, with fascines, earth, and pali sades, and good retrenchments behind them : so that the ene mies must burn a good deal more powder, before they will venture at those breaches. The Duke of Vendome seems to grow weary of his enterprise, or to despair of the success of it by the common forms ; and, therefore, he assembled some MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 485 of his horse and dragoons, making about 2000, and 800 grena diers, wiiich he sent the last week towards Turin, with 5 pieces of cannon, either to fright us here, or to oblige his Royal High ness to abandon Crescentin, for the security of his capital. These troops marched without any resistance within five miles of the town, and have sent some small parties much nearer ; but nothing can force his Royal Highness to leave his dirty little village at Crescentin, where he has stuck fast with wonder ful patience and magnanimity ever since the 29th of April last ; and our good Duchess, who is an admirable Princess, takes such good care of us,here, that even our balls, and the pleasures of the Carnival, are undisturbed. This obstinacy of the Duke of Vendome to wear out his master's troops, in a tedious expensive siege, where he sacrifices every thing now to his own reputa tion, would delight me above all things, if I were not sorry, at the same time, to see the French soldiers more patient, more enduring, and more constant, than is consistent with the genius of that nation. I must now tell you, that this defence of Verrue does " cover Turin, and save the rest of Piedmont : " but it puts us to infinite labour and expense, and melts " down the remains of our little army to nothing, by death, " by sickness, and desertion. The German foot in Piedmont "are now reduced to about 3000, and the horse to about " 2000. The troops of his Royal Highness are not so many ; " the difference is, that his Royal Highness is labouring to " recruit his troops, which is what the Germans here cannot " endeavour to do. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr. Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the j|th January, 170^ Sir, Since my last to you, of the 21st inst., I have received the honour of your letter, of the 24th November. " I am ve- " ry glad the Queen is pleased to send two more frigates to " Villa-Franca. I would gladly hope that they may bring the " powder, and the 3000 arms, which his Royal Highness does " desire. The powder, as I understand, is to be replaced to " my Lord Duke of Marlborough in Holland, and the arms " are to be paid for, as I sent you word, out of the Queen's " subsidies. This provision of powder and arms is absolutely 486 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. " necessary for us." We were ready to believe, three or four days since, that tbe Duke of Vendome was grown weary of his unsuccessful labours before Verrue, and that he would go put his tired troops into quarters. It appears otherwise to day. That Duke has got a new set of artillery, is raising new works, and making new lines, and new batteries, as if he would change his attacks. His Royal Highness is not less resolute in bis defence, has got new cannon and new mortars into the castle, and provisions for 30 days more than were in the place. Tbe only advantage which the enemies have, is that they can reinforce their troops, which we cannot do. Tt'^y drain their hospitals, and their garrisons, and have already got some re cruits from France, which came through Savoy and the Val d' Aoust, which is the advantage the enemies did propose to themselves by the conquest of Ivrea, which secures their communication from France to Lombardy. Our poor Ger mans do desert from Crescentin and Verrue more than is usual, though they are paid by his Royal Highness's care. They are, indeed, tired out with labour, and a campaign that has no end. They have had no winter-quarters these three years, which is the joy and delight of a German. Some French come over to us, and more would certainly come if they knew how to get away when they are here. The detachment ofthe enemies which are got upon our CoUine de Turin, as I told you in my last, within five miles of our gates, are ill neighbours, but they come no nearer to us. They eat up the villages, and sometimes set fire to the empty barns ; but they threaten the utmost desolation to the houses and lands of the Marquis de Prie, of which they are in possession. We hope the late suc cess in Hungary will facilitate Prince Eugene's return into Lombardy, where the Comte de Linange wants his help al most as much as we do here. I just now receive the honour of your letter, of the 1st. December, and with it some bills of exchange for his Royal Highness's use, which are very season able. I am glad the Queen is pleased to give me leave to threaten reprisals against any Irish officers which fall into our hands. What I had abeady ventured to say upon that sub ject had procured the liberty of two French officers in his Royal Highness's service, who were taken this summer in the valleys. P. Eugene does promise to be in Italy by the end of February; ifbe will keep his word, we will expect him. I am, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges, Hill. MR. HILL TO THE MARQUIS DE ST. THOMAS. 487 From Mr, Hill to the Marquis de St, Thomas, a Turin, ce 1 Fevrier, 1705. Monsieur, II y a douze mois que je vois avec beaucoup de tran- quillite un Ministre de S.M.I, qui reside en cette Cour, loge, nourri, defraye, et entretenu aux depens de S.A.R,, et servi par les officiers, les carosses, les equipages, et les livrees de la Cour, qui imposent tellement aux gardes des portes et du Pavillion qu'on y prend les armes toutes les fois que ce Mi nistre y passe. Ce sont des distinctions de parade et d'eclat qui peuvent tirer en consequence, et etre prejudiciablesa I'bonneur de la Reyne, ma Maltresse. II y a douze mois que je ne m' en suis pas plaint, pour ne pas inquieter S.A.R., ni interrompre ses occupations plus serieuses, plus importantes a sa gloire, et aux interets de I'Europe. J'ay eu d'autant plus de patience, puisque je me suis imagine que le depart de ce Ministre, ou sa moderation, ou les ordres de I'Empereur, ou ceux de S.A.R., ou I'usage etabli dans toutes les Cours des Princes pour 1' entretien des ministres etrangers, ou quelqu' autre accident nous auroit ote ce sujet de scandale, ou bien auroit laisse tous les ministres etrangers sur le m^me pied. II est arrive tout autrement. Des mauvais discours de ce ministre, ou des faux rapports, ou des mauvais raisonnements vont etablir une opinion dans cette Cour, comme si les ministres de la Reyne ne devoient pas pretendre aux memes traitements que S.A.R. fait a tout autre ministre du meme caractere. Je me trouve done dans la necessite, pour ne pas manquer a mon devoir, et a mes instructions, de vous prier. Monsieur, de prendre un moment favorable pour faire s9avoir a S.A.R. que j'aye besoin des raisons, que vous me donnerez pour faire excuser a Lon- dres la docilite et I'indolence avec lesquelles j'ay veu faire, pendant si long tems, de si grosses distinctions a un ministre de I'Empereur, qui n'est pas d'un caractere au dessus du mien. Ce n'est pas. Monsieur, que je pretens ^tre a charge a S.A.R. comme il a ete ; la seule pensee me seroit honteuse et crim- inelle. Ce n'est pas que j'envie a un autre les graces et les bienfaits de S.A.R., et les portions qu'elle lui fait donner. Ce n'est pas que j'aye jamais eu en mon particulier le moindi'e sujet de me plaindre de S.H.R., qui m'a toujours fait plus de graces que je ne S9aurois meriter. II n'est question que d' avoir votre reponse pour me justifier aupres de la Majeste de la Reyne, ma Maitresse, qui est si exacte et si religieuse a 488 MR. HILL TO THE MARQUIS DE ST. THOMAS, ETC. • faire donner les memes traitements aux ministres de S.A.R., qu'elle fait donner a tous ceux de toutes les tetes couronnees. Je vous baise tres humblement les mains, et suis, Sec, &c. a Mons. Le Marquis de St Thomas, 8fc, Hill. From the Marquis de St, Thomas to Mr, Hill, a Turin, ce 7« Fevrier, 1705. Monsieur, Je n'ay pas manque de rendre compte a S.A.R., de la lettre qu'il vous a plu de m'ecrire, touchant les traitements qu'on fait a Mons. le Comte d' Aversberg. Sa dite A. R. m'ordonne de vous dire qu'elle seroit bien fachee que vous eussiez lieu de vous plaindre, qu'elle ne croit pas que vous en puissiez avoir aucun sujet de ce qui se pratique a I'egard de Mons. le Comte d' Aversberg, puisqu' il n'a aucun caractere, qu' ainsy il n'y a nul rapport entre vous et luy, et que ce n'est qu'une pure et libre honnetete qui ne pent aucunement tirer a consequence a I'egard des ministres qui sont revetus d'un caractere comme le votre, et encore moins la duree de ces traitements. Ou'au reste lorsqu'il sera question de ce qui est dii a votre caractere, on satisfera toujours tres exactement au ceremoniel etabli s'agissant sur tout du ministre d'une Puissance pour qui S. A. R. a une si haute consideration, et qu'en votre particulier elle se fera aussi un plaisir de vous donner dans toutes les occasions des marques de la veritable estime qu'elle a pour vous. Je suis, &c. a Mons, Hill. De St. Thomas. From M, Fander Meer to the Marquis de St, Thomas, a Turin, ce 2" Fevrier, 1705. Monsieur, II y a deja du tems que je me serois donne I'bonneur de vous ecrire sur le sujet que je le fais presentement, si votre maladie ne m'eut retenu; mais craignant qu'un plus long silence pourroit etre prejudiciable, je suis oblige de vous re- presenter, qu'aiant trouve, a mon arrivee ici, le ministre de S. M. I. loge, et defraye aux depens de S.A.R., et servi de ses carosses, de ses officiers, et de ses valets de pied, je crus que S. A. R. en faisoit user de la sorte parceque le dit minis tre n'attendoit que le retour de Vienne d'un courier avec la M. VANDER MEEtl TO THE MARQUIS DE ST. THOMAS. 489 ratification du traite qu,'il avoit conclu avec les ministres de S. A. R., pour partir incessamment et que du depuis, les En- voyes et renvoyes du dit traite le faisoient rester ici ; mais ayant ete adjuste, a la commune satisfaction il y a sept mois, et le dit ministre restant encore ici pour avoir soin des inter ets de S.M.I, et etant traite de la meme maniere depuis son retour de I'armee, je ne puis m'empecber de vous temoigner, que le dit ministre n'ayant aucun caractere au dessus de celuy dont il a plus a L.H.P., de m' honorer aupres de S.A.R., il semble ne devoir etre a present distingue par aucun traite- ment et autrement considere que comme un ministre faisant les affaires de I'Empereur aupres de S.A.R, et si c'est un maxime re9eu dans toutes les Cours des Souverains de traiter egalement les ministres des autres Souverains d'un egal carac tere, je vous laisse a considerer les consequences du traitement que re§oit le Comte d'Aversbergh, et quelles refiectionsL.H.P., mes Mai tres, pourront faire apprenant que le dit ministre de S.M.I., residant aia Cour de S.A.R., y est traite avec plus de distinction que leur Envoye Extraordinaire, et si je puis man quer de leur en rendre compte et des raisons que S.A.R. pent avoir pour en user ainsi, si elle trouvoit de son service de les continuer. Je vous seray tres oblige, Monsieur, de vouloir communiquer mes considerations a S.A.R., et de vouloir avoir la bonte de me faire s§avoir ce que je pourrois sur ce sujet mander a L.H.P., mes Maitres, et d'etre persuade que je suis, &c. & Marquis de St. Thomas. (Signe) Vander Meer.' From Mr, Hill to the Lord Treasurer. Turin, the j^th January, 170|| My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Lordship, the 10th of December ; and I must now trouble you again to thank you, in his Royal Highness's name, for some bills of exchange which I received the last post, with which I have paid the Queen's subsidies till the 3rd of April next. There never yet was in history so good an ally as her Majesty, and there never was a worse than the good old man at Vienna. • To this letter of the Envoy of Holland to the Marquis de St. Thomas, the same answer was returned as was made to Mr. Hill : see page 488. 3p 490 MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. His Royal Highness does deserve the Queen's protection, and your Lordship's care, and my Lord Duke's care, by his cou rage, his constany, and his sufferings. He has lost almost all his troops, and his best places this summer ; but he has held fast at Crescentin ever since the 29th of April, and has defended himself his castle at Verrue ever since the ^ October. There he is still, and like to be so a good while. We are now contending who can endure cold longest. I am persuaded that the Duke of Vendome will have the worst of it ; though I fear he will get his recruits before we get oiirs. If Prince Eugene can come quickly, and draw the weight of the next campaign down into Lombardy, his Royal Highness will be a useful and active ally again, and keep this holy war alive in Italy for another year at least. I do observe the motions of that Prince as well as I can, and resolve to meet him upon the borders of the Venetian territories. I think we may now be certain, my Lord, and I thank God for it, that the French King's treasury begins to fail him. He is already bankrupt for 25 millions, for which he has given billets de la monnoye, for the discharge of which there are no funds, and which he refuses to take himself. This edict will do more to hinder all commerce by bills of exchange with France, than any thing which could be done at Westminister. Do you continue, my Lord, to beat Mons. Chamillard a year or two more, as you have done, and leave the rest to the Duke of Marlborough. France can have no resource but from Cadiz in her necessities; and the conquest of that place would be, perhaps, the most easy, as well as the most important, if the Duke of Marlbo rough could undertake it himself. Excuse my zeal, my Lord ; I mean very well. I have left the care of the Camisards now to those who will, I hope, do better, because I cannot reach them. I still take care of Cavallier, and labour to enforce ' his little troop. Mons. Flotard has got himself turned out of Geneva. The enclosed note is a copy of all the receipt which I could get from him for a hundred louis d'or, which I put into his hands at Geneva. The States did send 8000 gilders to Geneva, to be remitted to the Cevennes ; but that fund is employed to subsist those who have laid down their arms, and are come out with passports. I fear we are doing the Mares- chal de Villar's business, and disarming his enemies. I ara ' Strengthen. MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. 491 sure we do not do our own ; for one Camisard in the Ceven nes is worth a 100 of them out of France. I am, &c. To ihe Lord Treasurer. Hill. Copie, Compte de L' Employ des cent louis d'or que Mess. Lul- lin et Nicolas me compterent d' ordre de votre Excellence. £1125 argent courant de Geneve font suivant le change en argent de France 1428 15 0 Fait compter aux Cevenols 1217 13 0 Pour tout fraixet provisions des remises a 14|p''c* 211 2 0 Fait £1428 15 0 To the Lord Treasurer. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the 4th February, 170^ Sir, Since my last to you, of the ||th past, I have received the honour of your letter, of the 8th December. I am sorry you had not received the article concerning the pretended Prince of Wales, which I sent to Mr. Ellis at the end of No vember; if it is lost, I will send you a duplicate. I have the counterpart safe, which is signed and ratified by his Royal Highness, which I dare not venture by the post. " We shall " be sorry here, that the ammunition is not sent aboard the " Queen's two frigates to Villa-Franca, for we cannot depend " so much upon the two ships from Holland." The world makes a great difference between the care which the Queen takes of her allies, and that which other people take. We are here almost in tbe same posture, in which we were when I last wrote to you. The great detachment of the enemies hangs over us still within five miles of our gates, and eats up our provisions ; but they are come no nearer. His Royal Highness is still at Verrue, with as much constancy and reso lution as becomes a brave Prince when he struggles for his crown, and is forced to lay hold on it with both hands. The Duke of Vendome seems to be frozen in his quarters this last week, and his trenches are full of snow. He had begun to make several new lines, and to raise four new batteries, which seem to be all intended to cut off our communication be tween Crescentin and Verrue. The great snow which is fall en has interrupted those works for these six days last past. 3p2 492 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. It is very well for us, that our enemies did not think of at tacking Verrue that way, three months ago. Verrue has done miracles, and gives fair play to Prince Eugene, if he will re turn into Italy. His Royal Highness has despatched an offi cer down to Berlin, to solicit and press the execution of my Lord Duke of Marlborough's late treaty there. We begin to feel one good effect of the French king's late frauduleuse ban- queroute ; for since people are afraid of being paid in paper, nobody will undertake to make and furnish such magazines upon our frontiers, as are necessary for the march of so many troops and recruits as will be necessary for his service in Italy the next campaign. But that necessity depends upon Prince Eugene's coming. I did not desire, Sir, your letter to " Flo- " rence with intention to meddle with Sir L. Blackwell's, or " Dr. Newton's business ; but having brought a commission " with me from England, under the broad seal, to treat with " that Prince, if he pleased, I thought to make use of your "letter to feel the dispositions of his Highness, as far as he " would let me." I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the 11th February, 1705. Sir, I have not the honour of any commands from you since the 8th of December. Since my last to you, which was of the 4th inst., we are informed, that Mons. de la Para, an engineer of some reputation, is come post from Paris to direct the at tacks against Verrue, which seem to be all directed against our communication. It is well for us that the Duke of Ven dome did not think that it was easy, or necessary, to be done three months since. The Grand Prior has sent about 30 of his cannoniers to his brother, who have made us sensible of their arrival these three or four days last past. We are also told, that the Duke of Vendome expects four battalions from his brother's army, so little regard have they for the Comte de Linange, and all he can do. His Royal Highness sticks fast at Crescentin still, though indeed he has scarce men enough left to furnish to all the posts. He has put provisions into Verrue for one month more, for fear the commuication should be lost, which is the more to be feared, because ten or eleven of our boats have been already wounded by the enemies' can- MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 493 non. I did tell you. Sir, about four months since, " that his " Royal Highness had declared he would expect the Imperial " succours till January, and no longer. He has been already " better than his word ; but if the Imperialists and Prussians " cannot come before the French recruits, I believe they will " come too late. I must repeat my sorrow and anxiety if the " Queen's two frigates do not bring the arms and ammunition " which his Royal Highness desired. For I can assure you " that we are in great want here of cannon, muskets, ball, and " powder, having worn out, burnt, or lost, all the stores we "had," during this long campaign which is not yet ended here. The detachment of the enemies, which lay upon the hills in our neighbourhood, have eaten up what was in their reach, and are retired : the horse to the Astesan, the foot to the Duke of Vendome's camp. We are told that the French recruits for Italy are now ready to come ; some by sea from Toulon to Genoa, others through Savoy, and the Val d'.Aoust. I shall not be sorry " to see that the enemies do think they are " obliged to send new forces into Italy : I shall be sorry to see "them come so soon." We are told that the enemies have five or six privateers in these seas, and that the French King has lent four ships, of 50 and 60 guns, to a society of Corsairs who are arming at Toulon at the expense of Mons. de Pont- chartrin, and some great ladies at Court. Sure it is the first time that a Chancellor of France was a Pirate. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the ^th February, \1Q^ Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you the 11th inst., and have not any commands from you since. I have been this last week at Crescentin, to make my court to his Royal Highness, and followed him round his castle at Verrue. It was necessary to see the condition the place was in, to do jus tice to the brave Prince who defends it ever since the ^th of December, of the last year. The bastions, which were ex posed to the enemies' cannon, which has now been planted for more than two months upon the counterscarp, are torn in pieces by 120,000 bullets ; and every lodging in the place is beat to powder by above 10,000 bombs, which the enemies 494 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. have thrown into them. However, no art, no industry, no labour, or expense has been spared to repair the breaches ; so that none of them are yet practicable. We believe the enemies are not bold enough, nor strong enough, to venture upon any of the breaches as they now are : if they should, we have prepared mines and powder in every place for them. Mons. de Lapara has not yet shewed us what be can or will do. We know he has found great faults with all that had been done before he came ; but he has not yet done better. He has condemn ed freely a siege which has cost his master twelve millions of livres, and we thank him for that account. I hope he wUl make it up to twenty millions before he has done. We are persuaded that Lapara sent a courier to Versailles, upon his arrival before Verrue, with a perfect account of all he could see, and that he expects the return of that courier before the Duke of Vendome will determine what to do next. In the mean time they are making new batteries, getting fresh can non from Genoa and Casal,. making new provisions of fascines, gabions, planks, &c. We are not idle on our side, and his Royal Highness seems resolved to hold this place with his teeth, if his hands should fail him. What, I think, we want most ill the place is artillery ; for 37 pieces, which we had t'nere four months since, are reduced to ten; and we cannot easily recruit them. His Royal Highness has had no assistance all this time, but from heaven, by some rains, some snow, some frost, and some thaws, and from my Lord Treasurer's great punctuality ; all the rest is owing to his own virtue and cou rage. We had a courier last week from Vienna, who brought some promises, and some letters, in answer to those which his Royal Highness sent thither by Prince Pio, about three months since. The Prince was to come back to his post here, being an Adjutant-General ; but he is detained at Vienna to act the part of a harlequin in some ball, or comedy, which the King of the Romans is preparing. The courier is an honest man, and made great diligence, and brought advice of some bills of ex change ; but the bills were not ready, or were forgot, and he came away without them. However, he brings us hopes, that P. Eugene, with my Lord Marlborough's 8000 Prussians, and 8000 more, either Prussians, Palatins, Danes, or Germans, and some recruits for the Imperial regiments which are already in Italy, wdll be in Tyrol by the beginning of March, and in Lombardy before the end of that month. His Royal High- MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 495 ness, Comte Guido, and myself, are willing, and resolved, to believe all this. Nobody else here will believe it ; though they can believe transubstantiation. I am resolved to meet P. Eugene on the frontiers of the Venetian territories ; and I de sire you will please to send me such a letter for his Highness as I desired of you the ^ January. I must once more ob serve to you, that the Duke of Vendome suffers 6 or 700 of his officers and soldiers to perish in our prisons rather than exchange them for an equal number of our men, who perish in his hands. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the ^Ith February, 170j^ Sir, I have this morning received the honour of your letters, ofthe 5th, and 12th of January. I am sorry so many of my letters to you are lost, though they were most in cipher, and would serve for nothing now, but to mark my constant zeal and diligence for the Queen's service. In one of those letters I had acknowledged the receipt of yours, of the 29th of Sep tember, S. v., with the two letters for Venice, which I also have mentioned to you since. I keep myself in a constant readiness to meet Prince Eugene in the Veronese, or thereabouts. I have done myself the honour to write to you every post since the 10th December, i. e., the ^th, ||th, ^th December, the 4'th, HS^, §TS, it^i' January, and the 4th, 11th, ^th February. I have given you the most exact account I could of the pro gress of our glorious and most important siege of Verrue. It has been a blessed siege for us in many respects. When the Duke of Vendome came thither in the beginning of December, be was in a condition to take quarters in Piedmont for 18 or 20,000 men, and eat us up to the gates of Turin. The good Duke chose rather to wear out his troops before Verrue, and to burn as much powder there as would have served for the siege of this town. If the Imperialists were people to stir for themselves, or their allies, we should yet be saved by the unexpected merits of Verrue. We know not yet whether Mons. de Lapara's courier is returned from Versailles; but he has bestirred himself these two or three days last past, as if the siege was to be carried on with new vigour. He has repaired the old batteries on our counterscarp, from whence 496 MR. hill to MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. he beats the fausse braie, and the repaired breaches, with six teen pieces of fresh cannon. He has begun to fire with five jpieces more upon a little fort which defends our communica tion, and is planting four mortars against the same fort. He has also a battery of four cannon more which play upon our bridge of boats all day, and oblige us to work all night to repair them. This is the condition we are in to day ; and, at the same rate of working on both sides, we may have yet for two or three weeks longer. ' That detachment of the ene mies, which lay upon us lately here so near Turin, consisting of about 2000 horse, and 800 foot, endeavoured the last week to come and take quarters at Alba, from whence they would have stretched to Cerasque, and Fossan, and the most fertile part of our plain ; but they found so much resistance from a detachment of horse, and some militia, which his Royal Highness sent in time to Alba, and the banks of the Tanaro, that they retired to Nizza de la Paglia, and we hope they will be content to quarter in that part of the Montferrat> or the Alexandrin. We have some fresh alarms, as if the ene mies would attempt something upon us this spring at Nice and Villa-Franca ; but I rather believe that all the prepara tions of that kind which are making at Toulon are designed against Gibraltar. The loss of that place is the most sensible blow which the Spaniards have felt this war. They say it is the only blow which old Spain has felt. They care not much what their new allies and Protectors do lose, or suffer. And if my Lord Duke of Marlborough will beat the French this year on the Moselle, as soundly as he beat them the last year on the Danube, the Spaniards will make no bonfires any where ; but they will thank God everywhere. Those very Spaniards which are in the trenches of Verrue, there are but few of them, are well pleased at the Duke of Vendome's mis carriages there, because their ancestors besieged that place in vain about a hundred years since. The Duke of Vendome has yet received no recruits from France to speak of. He has got thirteen companies of grenadiers from the Val d' Aoust, from the garrisons in Lombardy, or from Savoy. The rest of the troops which were in Savoy are marched towards the Rosne, as if their service might be required in Auvergne, where we are assured, that there have been some disorders. We do not yet hear, that the 8000 Prussians are stirring out of their 1 Something is deficient in this sentence. MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES, &C. 497 quarters, though they are the object of our greatest attention. " We begin to be very impatient for the 3000 fusils, and as ma- " ny bayonets, and the powder which his Royal Highness ex- " pects from England, or Holland, because we want them as " much as is possible." I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Archbishop of Canterbury, Turin, the ^th February, 170^ My Lord, I received, by the last post, the honour of your Grace's letters of the 1 1th, and 19th December, and, at the same time, I received a bill of exchange for the value of £400 sterling, which is the effect of your Grace's goodness and charity to the poor Vaudois. I received no directions or instructions from your Grace concerning the distribution of this charity. But since I am informed, by Mr. Nicholas, that the Queen had been pleased to order a payment of 18 months to the minis ters and schoolmasters who are in these Valleys, as well as to those who are settled in Germany, I am, at present, of opinion that these £400 sterling ought to be divided amongst the most necessitous of these poor people, and those who have suffered most by the fury of this present war. I have sent for one of their ministers, whom I esteem the most discreet and charitable, and shall be advised by him, and by the Envoy of Holland who resides here, and will give your Grace an account how this charitable fund shall be divided. I wish no notice had been taken upon the bill of exchange which was sent me, that this money was designed for the Vaudois, * for we had prevailed with his Royal Highness to give bread to these poor people ever since the enemies are in their valleys ; and I fear that charity will cease, if it is discovered that your Grace does send them bread from London. But I will do the best I can. I humbly beg your Grace's blessing, and that you will please to believe that I am, &c. To the Archbishop of Canterbury, Hill. ' The original bill of exchange is now before the Editor ; the following is a copy of it: — a Londres, le 22= Decembre, 1704. £6600 de Pigmond. A Vue payer cette seconde de change, la p'« et troisiesme ne I'estant, 3q 498 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. From Mr, Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, the 4th March, S.N. 1705. Sir, I had the honour to write to you, the ||th past, at which time I gave you an account of the condition in which Verrue stood, which has been the object of all our care, our labour, and attention for these five months past. The scene is altered there since my last letter. The enemies attacked with great vigour a little redoute, which secured our bridge of communication, the last Sunday after midnight ; and by the feeble resistance of the two ill battalions which were in it, they made themselves masters of it, and made the two battalions prisoners of war. His Royal Highness in person, Comte Guido, &c., made very great haste upon the first alarm; but the enemies wisely broke our bridge, and lodged themselves securely in our redoute. The castle of Verrue must now shift for itself. It is provided for a month, and there are 13 or 1400 men in it. His Royal Highness is still at Crescentin, and does not abandon the care of the place, which he holds with his teeth, now his hands fail him. Never Prince made war with so few troops, since old father Abram went into the field with his family. We have no news yet of Prince Eugene, the Germans, or Prussians. We hear that Comte Tawn, who was coming from Vienna with the promises, dispositions, ideas, projects, and orders, for the campaign, and letters of exchange for 100,000 florins, is fallen a Mons. HiU, ou ordre, six mille six cent livres de Piemond valuer de Messrs les Directeurs de la Charit6 pour les Vaudois, &c. A Messieurs Theod : Janssen. Messrs. Colombo et Calcini, S^e i Turin. The letter which accompanied this bill of exchange was the following: — London, 5th January, 170j= Sir, The 22nd of the last month I sent you a first bill of exchange for £6600 of Piedmond, for the use of the Vaudois, &c. I have been since desired to send you also the second. I wish this new year may prove as prosperous to his Royal Highness, and to the poor Camisards, as the last did to the rest ofthe allies, and that you may enjoy during this and many more all manner of satisfaction and happiness, no man being more sincerely than I am Your most obedient humble servant. To Mr. Hill. Theod: Janssen. MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 499 into the enemies' hands near to Savonne. We shall want that gentleman, who was a very good officer. The last week, the Tartar and Newport came safe to Villa-Franca, and bring his Royal Highness all the succours which his allies have sent him these 14 months past, except the Queen's subsidies. " They " bring neither fusils, nor bayonets, nor powder, which we la- " ment extremely ; because we want all those things as much " as is possible." These two frigates left Gibraltar, the -^th February, and left it in a good condition after that the enemies had given two vigorous, but unsuccessful, assaults upon the place, in which they had 3 or 400 men killed, and 40 made pris oners.* We are told that the enemies are gathering a body of troops in Provence, with which they threaten to come and be siege Villa-Franca. We are already invested, and imprison ed in Piedmont on all other sides. If the Queen has been of fended with the indolence and neutrality of the Venetians, or with the partiality of the Genoese, I can now vex, affront, and distress their subjects in these seas, and make a piratical war upon them with her four frigates. Though we shall be very honest, and very modest, until we are bid to be otherwise. Se veral Genoese have already desired passports from his Royal Highness here; but I told him, that the Queen gives no pass ports to any body ; that all her friends and allies need none, and that her enemies deserve none : after this his Royal High nes has given none. I resolve to go to Crescentin to-morrow, and, at my return, shall give you a farther account of Verrue. I am, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill P^ S. Just as I am sealing my letter, we are alarmed with the news of a body of the enemies which are come to a place called Vigon, on this side Pignerol, which will give us great disturbance. From the Prince of D'Armstadt [to Mr. Hill.] Monsieur, Quoique j'aye donne part a V.E. del'etat du siege de Gibraltar par un vaisseau de Livorne parti d'ici le 16* passe, I The Editor has found amongst Mr. Hill's papers, a copy of a letter from his Highness the Prince of D'Armstadt, dated 12th February, 1705. It does not appear to whom it was written: but he presumes it was addressed to Mr. HUl. As it refers to the attack and defence of Gibraltar, he has printed it immediately after this letter of Mr. HUl's to Mr Secretary Hedges. 3q2 500 THE PRINCE OF d'ARMSTADT [TO MR. HILL.] je n' ai pas voulu manquer pour preuve de ma sincere amitie la presente occasion des deux fregates Angloises abordees ici et destinees pour Nize, de lui dire que les ennemis ayant re- §us un secour des troupes Espagnoles et Fraiifoises depuis 14 jours ont pousse le siege avec plus de vigueur, qu'ils ne faisaient auparavant ; et voyant qu' iis ne profiteroient pas de I'attaque formee dans la plaine contre la contrescarpe, iis 1' ont tournee contre le bastion situe au pied de la hauteur, et contre la breche faite dans une ligne de communication ou il est avance a un coup de mousquet. Le 7* du present il fit un vigoureux assaut avec 500 Fran9ois, se rendit maitre au commencement de la breche du dit bastion, et poussa les troupes y postees; mais un moment apres je faisois command er les deux Colonels Moncal et Revel desquels il fut cou- rageusement attaque, et ne pouvant pas soutenir le feu qu'on faisoit de tout cote, il fut chasse de ce poste, et oblige de se retirer en confusion dans ses approches, sur quoi I'ennemi de- manda une treve pour emporter et enterrer ses morts, ce qui lui fut accorde ; selon le rapport des deserteurs dont j'en ai 44, I'ennemi a perdu dans cette occasion quantite des officiers de distinction, et il est a presumer qu' il aie au moins 300 hommes tant tues que blesses par le feu continuel qu'on fais oit des trois cotes par 9 pieces des canons ; nous avons 20 mors et 40 blesses. A tout moment j' attends un assaut general, mais j'espere, avec I'assistance de Dieu, de me maintenir dans la forteresse, la garnison etant encore des 3™ hommes de ser vice, et resolue a une vigoureuse resistance, pourvu que Ton m'assiste en tems avec la munition necessaire, laquelle se con sume par la longueur du siege. Du reste je ne suis pas encore bien informe des projets que Ton fait pour les operations prochaines en Portugal et sur ces cotes ; il y a pourtant appa- rence que la premiere vue sera sur Cadix et d'occuper le detroit, et par consequent de faciliter toutes les autres entre- prises ; principalement comme la fiotte des allies amenera 8" hommes de debarquement. Ainsi j'espere avec I'aide de Dieu de prendre un pied ferme dans la Catalogue d'ou je suis assure des plusieurs bien intentiounes. Au reste je prie V.E. de m' honorer de tems en tems de ce qui se passe en Piemont ; en echange je ne manquerai pas de I'aviser du plus remarqua- ble d'ici, et me recommender dans son souvenir que je suis. Gibraltar, le 12« Fevrier, 1705. THE PRINCE OF d'aRMSTADT [TO MR. HILL.] 501 P. S. Un capitain pris dans la sudite action par les enne mis et echange avec un capitain Fran9ois m'assure que le Due de Tesse est arrive au camp ennemi sans savoir s'il comman- deraen chef et siLe Villedarias a ete reclame par la cour comme Ton dit. En attendant Ton voit par la que 1' ennemi veut continuer le siege. C'est pourquoi j' attends avec plus d' im patience tout ce qui faut pour une vigoureuse resistance. From Mr. Hill to the Lord Treasurer. Turin, March the 4th, S. N., 170i My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Lordship, the 10th of December, and the 30th January, S. N. ; and I took leave to write twice or thrice to bis Grace, my Lord Duke of Marlborough, since he is at London, to let you both see, as plainly as I could, the condition we were in here. I must thank your Lordship to day for a letter you were pleased to write to me, the 5th of January, and that will give me an op portunity to tell your Lordship how it is with us here. Ver rue has done wonders, has given time to the Emperor to think of redressing his affairs in Italy, and has excused us from giving quarters in Piedmont to the Duke of Vendome's army. Verrue and our brave Duke have done wonders ; but the Imperialists are wonderful also. It is with indignation, and resentment enough, that we have seen nothing come from Vienna these eighteen months, but promises, and disappoint ments. It is our sturdy Duke, and your Lordship only, who keep the war on foot in Italy ; and you ought to have all the honour of it. The Queen and her allies will have the ad vantage of it, if you can oblige the enemies to make another expensive campaign in Lombardy. But if the Dukeof Ven dome receives his recruits, and a reinforcement of troops which he expects, before the Germans and Prussians come in to Italy, we cannot find work for them in Piedmont for all the summer. We have now lost our communication with Verrue, and the castle must stand upon its own legs, or, indeed, upon its stumps. We have lost two battalions in a redoute, which the enemies did surprise the end of the last week. If we should lose the garrison which is in Verrue, the Duke of Ven dome will have more of our soldiers in his prisons than our Duke can have in his places. I have been ready these two 502 MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. months to go and meet Prince Eugene on the frontiers of the Venetian territories ; but if that Prince will not come, it is to no purpose for me to go that way. I see nothing yet which ought to determine the Republic to do as we would have them. When the business of Verrue is over, I shall be desirous to write again to your Lordship. I am, till then, &c. To the Lord Treasurer. Hill. March 5th 1705. Mr. Hill wrote to Captain Dolman to acquaint him with the report, that the French designed to besiege Villa-Franca, to order him to keep good guard aboard the Queen's frigates for fear of being surprised in the port, to cruise off of that place to get what intelligence he could of the enemies by sea, and that he, Mr. Hill, would send him whathe should learn by land ; and that he would have him retire to Genoa, or Leg horn, so soon as the enemies should appear before Villa-Franca. Mr. Hill wrote also to Captain Fisher, Captain of the Tar tar, to the same purpose. On the 6th, he wrote to the Pursers of the Lyme, and Mary- Galley, to take care of the provisions made at Nice for the use of the said ships, and to put them aboard the Tartar and Newport, to be carried to Genoa for the Lyme and Mary- Galley. Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Commander ofthe Queen's Frigates, 8fe. Turin, the 6th March, at night. Sir, This is the 3rd letter which I write to acquaint you that the enemies designed to besiege Villa-Franca, and to de sire you to get out to sea, and cruise off of that place, for fear of being surprised in the port ; and that when you shall find that tbe enemies appear, and that it may be hazardous for you to stay off of that place, that then you would make the best of your way for Genoa, or Leghorn. If Captain Dolman is arrived, I hope he will take care to embark the provisions made by the English Consul at Nice for the use of the Lyme and Mary-Galley ; but if he is not arrived, I would have the provisions embarked aboard the Tartar and Newport, so that they may be secured in case the enemies should come to Vil la-Franca. If it should so happen that you cannot possibly MR. HILL TO THE COM. OF THE QUEEn's FRIGATES. 503 get out of the Port of Villa-Franca, I hope you will retire under the Castle, and take what measures you shall judge most proper for the security of the Queen's frigates under your command, either by using all your guns in your ships, or by drawing your artillery ashore and making batteries. If things come to extremities I hope you will get your men, your ar tillery, your ammunition, your stores, victuals, &c., into the Castle of Villa-Franca, and set fire to your ships rather than suffer them to come into the enemies' hands. Pray tell the Pursers of the Lyme and Mary-Galley, that if they cannot ship the victuals which they have prepared, that they carry it all into the Castle of Villa-Franca. I am, &c. To the Commander of the Hill. Queen's Frigates, 8fc. On the 7th, Mr. Hill wrote again to Captain Dolman, Cap tain Fisher, the Pursers, and English Consul to the same pur pose. These letters were all sent by expresses to Nice. The 8th, Mr. Chetwynd wrote to Captain Fisher, by order of Mr. Hill, and sent him a copy of the foregoing letter of the 6th inst., under cover to the Marquis de Carrail, Governor of Nice, &c. On the 9th, Mr. Hill sent an express from Crescentin to Genoa, with letters for the Prince of Hesse, and my Lord Galloway, to acquaint them with the siege of Nice. From Mr. Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, the 11th March, 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you the 4th inst ; since then I have been at Crescentin to wait on his Royal Highness. I found him, I think, less gay, and less cheerful than usual, but as firm, and resolute as ever. I told you, in my last, that we had lost our communication between Cres centin and Verrue ; but his Royal Highness has settled an ea sy, and a constant correspondence between those two places, by putting his orders into an erapty bomb, which is thrown by a mortar from a redoute, which we have by the side of the Po, into the castle ; and the Governor of the castle sends his answers to his Royal Highness by the same couriers, who go 504 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. and come uninterrupted with great diligence in sight of the enemies. We learned, by one of these couriers, that the Duke of Vendome had made a general assault upon the castle, the day after he had taken our redoute, and broken our bridge ; that some of his grenadiers were got up to the top of the breach, but that they were vigorously repulsed. We learn by some deserters, that the enemies lost 27 officers, and 100 grenadiers in that action. We have learned, by our flying post, that the day after, the Duke of Vendorae had drawn all his array into his works and his lines, as if he would give another general assault upon the castle. But all that shew ended in a summons to the Governor to surrender upon honourable conditions, to which the Governor answered, that he did not speak French, and that the Duke of Vendome raust apply hiraself to Crescentin, ifbe grew weary of his work, and had a raind to be off. The last letters which I saw frora Verrue say the garrison was very hearty and resolute ; though they were forced to work hard to repair the breaches as fast as they are widened by the ene raies' cannon and borabs. However, I found his Royal High ness so rauch concerned for the security of the garrison, that I left hira alraost resolved to retire ' alraost all of it in the night, and to set fire to all the raines, to blow up the fausse braie, and the bastions, and only leave 200 men in the Don jon to entertain the enemies as long as they can. Mons. de la Para has ordered four mortars down into the redoute which was taken frora us last week ; and from thence he has bombard ed Crescentin the three nights last past, and will continue that sport, perhaps, till he can dislodge his Royal Highness, or beat his quarters down upon his head. But I found those borabs less terrible at Crescentin, than I find they are here at Turin. The eneraies, with whom we were alarraed this day was se ven-night in the valleys of Lucerne, are not so nuraerous, nor are they yet so far advanced, as was then believed here. They are but nine battalions yet in all, and no horse appears yet. They are not advanced yet so far as Pignerol. A party of 600 was come thither the last week ; but they retired again as far as Villars. We had a warmer alarm, on the 5th inst., from Nice, and Villa-Franca, where La Feuilliade is come to exe cute the designs which he had on those places this time was twelve-month. There we are, indeed, surprised ; for that Duke passed the Var, within three miles of Nice, upon the 4th inst., 1 Withdraw. MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 505 with 17 battalions, and 800 horse, before we knew that he was come into Provence, or that those troops were assembled there. He made so rauch haste to seize on the posts, and passages, that the Governor of Nice has been able to send only one peasant to his Royal Highness since the 4th ; and the officers and engineers who were sent down post thither, upon the very first advice of the eneraies' motions, found the ways stopped. I was not raore lucky, I fear, for I sent five letters to the Com mander of the Queen's frigates, which are in the port of Vil la-Franca, by couriers on horseback, or by peasants a foot ; and 1 ara in pain lest none of ray letters would get into the place. I had advised the Captains to get out to sea, if it was possible, before the enemies should shut up the port, as they intended with eight ships of war, twelve galleys, and three bomb-vessels. If they could not get to sea, I advised the Captains to get their men, their guns, their stores, their victuals, &c., into the castle of Villa-Franca, where men, ammunition, and victuals are wanting. I did hope the Captains would not suffer themselves to be shut up in the port. But I now fear the Tartar and New port are caught there, and must help to defend the castles, when the castles can no longer help to defend their ships. The letters which we have of the 8th, by a peasant, say the enemies had seized on the Capuchins' convent above Villa- Franca, where they were lodging themselves, and raising their batteries, but that the two frigates had beaten the convent and the church upon their heads, and obliged them to retire frora thence. The Lyme and Mary-Galley were out a cruis ing, and I hope they would not come into Villa-Franca to get honour. I have sent expresses to Genoa, and to Oneiglia, to advise them of the danger. The Duke of Vendome has be gun to receive his recruits, which pass by small troops, armed, and clothed, through Savoy, and the Val d' Aoust, and so by Verceil to join the army, where about 1500 are already arri ved. I do not find that so raany Gerraan recruits are come into Italy, in these three years last past. An officer of his Royal Highness, coining the last week frora Vienna, was taken by a Spanish party within sight of Savonne, and his postilion was killed. The officer threw his letters into a hedge, and his Royal Highness has got thera. The bills for the 100,000 florins, which have been so long promised to Comte Guido, are not found ; but they were not lost, I believe, on this side Vienna. Prince Eugene does promise his Royal Highness, by 3r 506 M». HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. those letters, that he should be in a condition to set out from Vienna the beginning of this raonth. It is tirae, for we are sure the enemies are corae, and they work as if they hoped to raake an end with us here before the Germans can pass the Tyrol. How Providence will determine with us here, I can not yet tell ; but this I know, " that his Royal Highness has " not in all the world 8000 raen, Germans, or Savoyards, or " Swiss, to defend Verrue, Nice, and Turin, and the rest of " Piedmont." I have wrote to Lisbon, and to Gibraltar, to give notice that the arms and ammunition which were design ed for his Royal Highness may by no raeans be sent to Villa- Franca. If they are sent to Genoa, we may hope to get them safe frora thence. I am not very forward to leave my post here, which is a post of honour, whilst there is so little hope of doing better service " at Venice. I have all along consult- " ed his Royal Highness, and he is persuaded that the Republic "is not to be moved to corae into any engagements till the " situation of affairs is changed in Lombardy." The Duke of Mantua has been in the Duke of Vendfime's camp before Verrue sorae days, and threatens to come into the field this suramer. If we had no more doughty enemies to deal with than such Italians ! You will see by wbat 1 have said that our campaign for 1705 is begun already here, though that of 1704 is not ended. We are attacked at Verrue, bombarded at Crescentin, besieged at Nice, threatened by the way of Pig nerol on one side, and by the way of Alba on the other. All the succours which his Royal Highness has received from his allies these 15 raonths are frora the Queen's poor frigates, and ray Lord Treasurer. I ara &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Captain Fisher, 8fc. Turin, ^ March, 1705. Sir, This is the third letter that I write to you since I am informed of the enemies' designs against Nice, and Villa- Franca. I hope sorae of my letters will find you, and that you will get out to sea before the enemies' ships and galleys block you up in port, where they will infallibly burn the Queen's ships. I approve of your doing all the service which you are able for the defence of the castle of Villa-Franca ; but it will not be for the Queen's, nor his Royal Highness's ser vice, that you should lose the Queen's frigates ; nor for your MR. HILL TO CAPTAIN FISHER. 507 own honour that you suffer yourself to be shut up in port. I hope, therefore, that you will get out to sea, and raake the best of your way to Leghorn, where you will find Captain Dolraan, and Captain Scot. I desire you will take the Pur sers of the Lyme, and Mary-Galley, who are at Villa-Franca, aboard you, with the provisions provided for their ships ; that is, what they have not delivered into the castles, especially the salt beef and pork. I am, &c. To Captain Fisher, 8fc, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Captain Fisher 3rd I4th -"J."'"-", 1 '"5 Turin, the ,^ March, 170'- Sir, This is tbe fourth letter which I write to you since I heard that the enemies were coming to besiege Villa-Franca ; and I hope some of my letters will come to your hands. It is certain that every thing which you have done, or can do, at Villa-Franca for the service of his Royal Highness is right, and will be approved. But I was sorry to hear, that you had drawn the Queen's ships behind the Darse. I still hope you will do every thing which brave raen ought to do. But I hope you will by no means suffer yourselves to be shut up in the port by the enemies' ships; because you will [have] little then to do, except to burn your ships yourselves, that they may notfall into the enemies' hands. I do, therefore, once more advise and desire you to do all you can possibly for the service of his Royal Highness, and of the Marquis de Carrail, until you find by the winds and weather that the enemies' ships and galleys are coming ; and then I beg of you to get out to sea, if you can, and to make the best of your way to Genoa, where I will advise Captain Dolman to come and meet you. I hope you will carry with you the Pursers ofthe Lyme and Mary-Galley, and the meat which was salted at Villa-Franca for the use of those two frigates, if any of it is left in the hands of the Pur sers. I would have corae down to you, if the way had been open, to run the sarae fortune with my countrymen. What ever you do now, I shall think well done if you do like En glishmen, and men of honour, and not suffer the French to take the Queen's ships. This is the substance of three other letters which I have written to you ; and I wrote to the Consul, and to Captain Dolman, to the same purpose. I am, &c. To Captain Fisher, he. Hill. 3r2 508 MR. HILL TO CAPT. DOLMAN, ETC. From Mr. Hill to Captain Fisher, &c, Turin, the ,f^ March, 170^ 1 1 o'clock at night. Sir, I wrote to you my fourth letter this morning, and this is the fifth that I write to you since I hear that the enemies ai-e at Villa-Franca. If any of my four letters came to your hands, I suppose this letter will not find you in the port of Villa-Franca, or that it will be too late now for you to get out of that port. If it does find you there, I must tell you, that his Royal Highness, the Duke of Savoy, is persuaded that the defence of Villa-Franca must, in a great raeasure, be owing to you, and to your raen. He does, therefore, most ear nestly desire, that, while you have time, you would carry your guns, ammunition, your stores, your victuals, and every thing, into the castle of Villa-Franca; and that when you have hauled your ships into the safest place you can, you would retire with your raen and your officers into the castle, where his Royal Highness does not doubt but that you will do your duty like brave men. In this case you will leave somebody in each ship to set fire to thera, in the last extreraity, rather than to let the enemies take them. His Royal Highness does write to the Queen to justify these proceedings, believing that her Majesty will be well pleased with every thing which we can do for the defence of that place, though it should be with the loss ofher two frigates. The Governor ofthe castle will furnish you with all the hands he can, for the transport ing your artillery, and aramunition, &c., up into the castle, if you desire it of hira. I can say no raore but that I ara, &c. To Captain Fisher, &c. Hill. From Mr, Hill to Capt, Dolman, Sec, Turin ^th March, 170|-- Sir, I did write to you to Leghorn, the 11th inst., so soon as ever I heard that you were corae thither. I advised you that the enemies were come to besiege Villa-Franca, and that the provisions which were ready there for the Lyme and Mary-Galley were delivered to the castle, and that you should, therefore, get what provisions you could at Leghorn, &c. I told you that the Tartar and Newport were in the port of MR. HILL TO CAPT. DOLMAN. 509 Villa-Franca, where they have done very good service ; but I fear they will stay there till the enemies' ships and galleys shut up the port, and then the Queen's frigates will^be lost. I wrote four letters to Capt. Fisher to do all the good service which he could at Villa-Franca ; but I advised him not to suffer hiraself to be shut up in the port. I wrote him yesterday a fifth letter desiring him to set fire to his ships, when he found that he could not get out, and retire with his raen, his artillery, his stores, his victuals, &c., into the castle of Villa-Franca. In my four first letters I desired, if he could, that he would ship the victuals which was prepared for the Lyme and Mary- Galley, and carry it, with your two Pursers, to Genoa, or to Leghorn. I fear he would not receive any of those letters in time. I send this now to raeet you off of Oneiglia. I can give you no directions, because I cannot tell how the eneraies will be posted when you corae there. What I ara sure of is, that you ought, and that you will, do every thing for the service of his Royal Highness. If the way is open by sea to Villa- Franca, you will go thither, and transport, or convoy, any troops, or men which the Marquis de Pallavicini shall desire you ; and so soon as you have landed them, you will, if pos sible, come back to Oneiglia, and take up as many raore. What I earnestly desire of you is, that you would do every thing which you can possibly for the service of his Royal Highness at Villa-Franca, which is certainly for the Queen's service. But I do not desire you to put j'ourself into the eneraies' hands, if their fleet is before Villa-Franca. You will do every thing which an honest, and a brave raan ought to do ; and I can desire no more from you. I am in pain for the Tartar and Newport, and shall be so for you till I hear from you. I wish you were all four together, and had sea-room. I am, &c. To Capt, Dolman, Sec, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Capt, Dolman, Sec. Turin, ^th March, 170^^ Sir, So soon as I heard that you were corae into Leghorn, I sent to you, by all the ways I could possibly, to advise you, that the French were coming to besiege Nice and Villa-Fran ca. I advised you of the arrival of the Tartar and Newport 510 MR. HILL TO CAPT. DOLMAN. at Villa-Franca, where they have done very good service, and I wish, with all my heart, that you had been there too with the Lyme and Mary-Galley. I advised you to get what provisions you could possibly at Leghorn for the Lyme and Mary-Galley, and I left credit for you at Genoa with Mr. Scudamore, in case you chanced to come in there ; because you could no longer depend upon the provisions which we made at Villa-Franca. If the enemies' ships are arrived before that port, I cannot advise you to go in. But I desire you would go as near as you can in prudence, for the service of his Royal Highness, which is the Queen's, and for your own ho nour. I hope you will meet the Tartar and Newport ; and when you are all four together, I hope you will be able to do sorae considerable service, by intercepting the eneraies' con voys, and by keeping their galleys in awe. If a squadron comes, you can retire to Genoa. The Tartar has already ta ken one of the enemies' ships, laden with powder, and military tools. I cannot give you any precise directions or advice from hence ; because the situation of affairs before Villa-Franca will alter daily. But since the Queen did send her four fri gates to serve his Royal Highness at Villa-Franca and Nice, I beg of you to go as near, and to do as much as you can pos sibly. You will find ray letters at Oneiglia to authorize and justify every thing which you shall think fit to atterapt for his Royal Highness's service. I have received yours of Feb ruary 24th and March 1st, S.V., by which I suppose you will be on your way towards Villa-Franca before this my letter can get to Genoa. I have got about 70 English seamen from Toulon |to Genoa, which I hope the Consul would have sent to you to Leghorn, as I desired him. I very rauch approve of the choice you have made of a Lieutenant for the Mary- Galley, and of the other officers which you shall make accord ing to the raerit of the raen, and the rules of the navy, for then I doubt not but they will be confirmed. I must desire you to be kind to Mr. Knight, if he deserves it. I am, &c. To Capt. Dolman, Sec. Hill. From Mr. Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, the .^th March, 170^- Sir, '¦ I did myself the honour to write to you the 1 1th inst.; and the same night I received what you were pleased to write MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 511 to me the 19th, and 26th January. I have constantly con sulted his Royal Highness as you do bid me now, " concern- " ing my going to Venice, and I am ready to go in six hours " after he shall desire me to be gone." His Royal Highness has at last abandoned his post at Crescentin, where he had stuck fast ten months and a half. The Duke of Vendome was asserabling all his forces, and raaking a bridge over the Po, a little above Trin, in order to corae and attack us in Cres centin; but his Royal Highness retired in due time, and brought his troops, artillery, aramunition, &c. to Chivas, which is now to be our frontier. The Duke of Vendome carae into Crescentin hiraself six hours after his Royal Highness was gone thence, has settled a small garrison there, and is making a bridge over the Po, where we had one, in order to have a communication with his troops, which carry on the siege of Verrue still. His Royal Highness has now left that place to itself, after he had defended it in person five full raonths. The Castle is provided for about 25 days yet, and the eneraies seera willing, by their way of working at present, to have the place and tbe garrison by famine, rather than to venture upon an assault. His Royal Highness was resolved to have retired' the garrison, and to have blown up the place, if he could have brought the men safe over the Po. His Royal Highness is corae to Turin, where he was received with all the tender deraonstrations of joy, and affection frora his people. For though our campaign past has been unfortunate, it has been very glorious for his Royal Highness. His presence here, and the last motion which the enemies have made over the Po, near Trin, give us quiet and security here. For all those troops which did threaten us towards Alba being gone from thence, those which were in raotion about Pignerol are busy a retrenching themselves there, and a detachment of horse, which his Royal Highness has sent that way, does keep them in res pect. We raust leave Nice and Villa-Franca to themselves ; for we have no communication by land with those places, and our sea-friends are a great way off. The last letters which we have from thence are of the 13th, which we got by the way of Oneiglia. The French troops were then posted in all the avenues, and had invested Villa-Franca, under the command of Mons. de Narbonne, Lieutenant-General. Mons.de la Feuil- ' Withdrawn. 512 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. Hade was gone back into Provence to hasten the departure of the ships and galleys which are to bring his artillery, ara munition, provisions, and every thing which is necessary for carrying on the siege. The enemies say they will be contented with the castle, and town, and port of Villa-Franca, and will let Nice alone. The Tartar and Newport were very busy, and very useful, for some days in the port ; but, on the 13th, they were got out to sea, and were cruising off of the port, where they took a French ship laden with powder, pick-axes, and shovels. The Lyme and Mary-Galley were come into Leg horn the beginning of this month, S.N. I have taken all the care I can to bring them to the Tartar and the Newport. They keep the French barks, and galleys, in awe, which dare not stir from Antibes and Monaco ; and we shall be masters of the sea till the men-of-war come frora Toulon. Then our frigates must retire to Genoa. Our last letters frora Vienna are of the 28th February, and then Prince Eugene was not set out from thence, nor ready to go. However, the expectation of his coming this way has obliged the Duke of Vendorae, as we are told, to order sorae of those troops, which raade the siege of Verrue, to be ready to raarch towards the Bressan. Corate Guido has, at last, received from Vienna a 100,000 florins, and is promised as much more. The last account which I got frora Toulon, says that 20 ships, or frigates, are already out of that port, sorae of thera gone to Cadiz, and the rest are cruising, except the squadron which is designed for Villa-Franca. They are arraing at Toulon all their great ships, and it is said there, that they are to raeet at Cadiz the ships which are to corae frora West France. I have put the provisions for four months, which I had made at Villa-Franca for the Lyme and Mary-Galley, into the castle there. His Royal Highness is very earnest with me to put the men, ar tillery, aramunition, &c., out of the two frigates which are in that port, which would certainly contribute to the defence of tbe castle, and be of more service, perhaps, to the Queen than the preservation of two frigates. But to burn the Queen's ships until it is not possible to save them ! We are told now that about 2000 recruits are passed to the Duke of Vendome's array through the valley d'Aoust, and about 2000 more are in the Tarentesia, ready to pass so soon as they are clothed. It is just what I desire, to see the French obliged to send their forces this way, and consume them in Italy, provided the Im- MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES, ETC. 513 perialists do not suffer his Royal Highness to be overlaid be fore they will stir out of their quarters in Bavaria. The garrison of Montmelian has raade another fortunate excursion into Savoy, has seized a good sum of money, some clothes, and accoutrements, and carried them all safe into the castle. The French have left no, troops in Savoy now, except 13 companies of Miquelets, or Catalans. His Royal Highness is very busy now, endeavouring by all ways and means to recruit his troops ; and indeed all ways he can find are not too many. I ara, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges. Hill. March i^,, noi; Mr. Hill wrote to the Commander of the Queen's frigates to Oneiglia desiring them earnestly to do all that was possible for the service of his Royal Highness at Villa-Franca, and to do whatever the Marquis de Carrail should desire ; that they should go to Oneiglia if the said Marquis desired it, to trans port some soldiers from thence to Villa-Franca, assuring the said Captains that whatever they did for his Royal Highness was for the Queen's service, and Would be approved in Eng land. From Mr. Hill to Captain Dolman, or Captain Fisher. Turin, 1^ March, 170 i' Sir, I write so oft to you in. hopes that some of my letters will find you. I must remind you once more, that the Queen did send you into these seas for the service of his Royal High ness ; and it will not look well in England, if you do not do something for his service. We do not yet hear that any of the enemies' ships are come before Villa-Franca ; and we are told, that they have landed their mortars and artillery by the protection of four or five miserable galleys, which dare not come in sight of the Queen's frigates. I must, therefore, once more desire and require you, wind and weather permit ting, that you go and cruise off of Nice and Villa-Franca, to intercept the enemies' convoys of artillery, ammunition, and provisions, which come from Monaco, or Antibes, and the ports of Provence. If the Marquis de Pallavicini, Governor of Oneiglia, desires you to carry, or to convoy any soldiers to Nice, or Villa-Franca, I desire you will do it. I do not re- 3s 514 MR. HILL TO CAPT. DOLMAN, OR CAPT. FISHER, ETC. quire of you to battle a squadron ofthe enemies, or to go now into the port of Villa-Franca, if you are in danger of being shut in there by a superior force ; but I earnestly press and desire you to do every thing which good men can do for the service and assistance of his Royal Highness at Nice and Villa- Franca, in the defence of which the Queen's service is very much interested. If those castles can hold out till our fleet can come to their assistance, it certainly will come. I am, &c. To Capt, Dolman, or Capt, Fisher, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Consul Boiler, a Turin, ce 24'^ Mars, 1705; Monsieur, Je vous suis bien oblige de vos lettres du \& et du 2P, et je vous prie de continuer a me donner de vos nouvelles. J'ay ecrit tant de fois a Messrs. les Capitaines Dolman, et Fisher que j'en suis las. Jesuis toujOurs en peine de ces Messrs. Jen'aur- ois pas voulu qu'ils fusserit surpris et brules au port: mais je seray encore plus fache qu'ils ne fissent rien pour le service de Son Altesse Royale. J'espere'qu'ils aurontre9u quelques unes de mes lettres, et je vous prie de leur dire de raa part, que comme La Reyne les ait envoyes dans ces mers pour le service de S.A.R. j'espere qu'ils feront tout ce qu'on doit at- tendre d'eux. Vous donnerez cette incluse a I'un ou a I' autre Capitaine. Je diray ce matin a S.A.R., ce qu'il faut touchant ce que vous m'avez dit a la fin de votre lettre du 2P. Je crois qu'il vaudra raieux erabarquer les soldats Suisses sur des tartanes ousur des barques, que les fregates escorteront, que de les erabarquer sur les fregates ineraes. Je vous ay' ecrit ou fait ecrire par M. Chetwynd le 5% 6% 7% IP, et 13% Mars. Je n'ay pas encore celle que vous dites m'avoir ecrite sous convert de M. Scudamore. Je suis, &c. h Consul Boiler, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the ^th March, 170^ Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you the last week at large ; and since then I can see no alteration in our situation here. His Royal Highness has settled his winter-quarters in MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 515 the arms of his own good Duchess, and in the caresses of his son, the lovely Prince of Piedmont. Devotion, or virtue,'or the weight of his affairs which are very serious, or a campaign of 45 weeks, or the death of a certain person which happened this suraraer, or something, has kept his Royal Highness more at home in his own family these last ten days than ever he was before in his life. La Feuilliade began to besiege Nice in forra, and opened his trenches against that town, the 15th inst. He began with great severity, refusing to let the women of quality, or the nuns, go out of the town. On the 16th he had got two mortars ready to bear into the town, which is easily to be beaten into pieces ; and then he sent a summons to the Marquis de Carrail to surrender Nice, under the utmost extremities of fire and sword. Our Marquis sent him for answer that he knew his duty to his Royal Highness, and was not to be frightened. The bombs began to work, and caused such disorders in a close little town, that the clergy, the monks, and the nuns, came to their Governor with halters about their necks, and upon their knees desired him to capitulate for the town. Our Marquis bid them go to their churches, and pray for his Royal Highness, their Sovereign, whose orders he him self was resolved to obey. The enemies have now dressed a battery of cannons against the town, and with red bullets are finishing what they began with their bombs. The town can not hold out long ; but the castle is a good piece, and will do its duty. The Marquis de Carrail will retire into it when it is time ; and if he had a garrison in it proportionable to the place, I ara persuaded that La Feuilliade would not venture to besiege it with 6000 raen. We hope that about 250 Swiss, of that battalion which his Royal Highness sent from hence, who scrambled over the raountains of Genoa, and got down to Oneiglia, will get in by sea. I do not yet hear that the enemies have any ships of war before Villa-Franca. They have six galleys which come with some barks every fair day from Antibes, and return thither, or to Monaco ; and they bring artillery, amraunition, and provisions to the Duke de la Feuilliade. The Tartar and Newport got out to sea tirae enough in conscience ; the Lyrae and the Mary-Galley are not corae into any danger. Our castle of Verrue holds to gether still, and will do so, I believe, till the last sack of raeal is consumed. The Duke of Vendome receives his recruits apace ; some of them march directly to the Grand Prior, to 3s2 516 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. join their regiments which are with him ; tbe rest go to their regiments which are with the Duke of Vendome still, but will march down to the Oglio, so soon as the Germans come into the Tyrol. The enemies do reckon upon 15,000 recruits for those troops which are at present with the Duke of Ven dome and his brother, with which they count to have 30,000 effective to face Prince Eugene if he comes. La Feuilliade is to make war upon us in Piedmont, as it is supposed : though I do not yet see that he can have above 12,000 men, counting wbat he has at Nice, and in the Valleys de Lucerne, and at Pignerol. We hope the Duke of Marlborough will be so well satisfied with us here, if we find work in Italy for a hundred battalions, and a hundred squadrons, of the Queen's enemies, French or Spaniards, that he will let no more of thera have time to corae this way. I received last night the honour of your letter, of the 9th February, and I will send you, by next post, a state of the old duties, and of the new duties, which are now laid upon our manufactures. His Royal Highness received, about 10 days since, his treaty with the States frora the Hague, and sends it back this week with his ratification. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, HiU to the Duke of Marlborough I ^th Marv.u, x . ^^ Turin, the ^th March, HOj My Lord, I have received your letter, with which your Grace was pleased to honour rae, the 6th of February. I have had no difficulty, nor any merit, in making his Royal Highness sensi ble of the zeal and attention which your Grace has shewn for his deliverance ; and I believe his Royal Highness will tell you so himself by this post. His Royal Highness was forced to leave his post at Crescentin, where he had been 45 weeks, and has left Verrue to itself. The enemies continue to bat ter it still with cannon and mortars, but seem not resolved to make any assault on the place, which they reckon to have by famine in 15 or 20 days ; for which reason the Duke of Ven dome will not suffer any of the garrrison to desert, declaring them already prisoners-of-war beforehand. The Duke de la Feuilliade has opened his trenches, and is besieging Nice in form. He began with great severity, refusing passports to the very nuns who desired to go out. He summoned the MR. HILL TO THE LORD DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. 517 Marquis de Carrail, Governor of the place, to surrender the town ; threatening to use the utraost extreraities of fire and sword, ifbe took the place by force. The Marquis answered that he was not to be frightened from his duty. In two or three days the town was almost ruined by two mortars, and sorae red bullets, and then the monks and nuns came, with halters about their necks, begging the Marquis, on their knees, to surrender a town which was without defence. The Marquis bid thera go to church, and pray for his Royal Highness, whose orders he himself would obey. The castle of Nice is a very good piece, and would make a very long de fence against so small an army as that before it, which does not exceed 6 or 7000 raen, if there was a garrison in it pro portionable to the place. We hope two or three hundred Swiss are got into the place by sea, which scrambled over the mountains of Genoa, and got down to Oneiglia, where they were embarked upon some brigantines. If these Swiss do get in, we shall hope to employ La Feuilliade there, till his Roy al Highness can recruit his troops here, and put himself in some condition to defend the rest of his Piedmont this sum mer. The Duke of Vendome expects 15,000 recruits for the troops which are with hira, or his brother: about 5000 of them are already come through Savoy. If the rest corae, the eneraies will have about 30,000 raen effective to face Prince Eugene, if he should chance to corae at last. If the weight of the war goes down to the Oglio and the Adda this summer, we expect to have to deal with La Feuilliade this suramer in Piedmont, and we do not yet see that he can have above 1 2,000 men, reckoning those who are before Nice, or in the valleys of Lucerne, or at Pignerol. We hope that so soon as your Grace is on this side the sea, you will draw all the atten tion of the eneraies to the Moselle. And if we can find work in Italy for almost 100 battalions, at least the foot of them, and as many squadrons, French or Spaniards, we hope your Grace will suffer no raore to come this way. His Royal Highness has been here these ten days, in his winter-quarters at Turin. He dropt Comte Guido at Chivas, without saying any thing to him. That little Austrian is as fierce and as haughty as a greater Prince ; but he is full of virtue and honour, and will always do well. I suppose your Grace will be now on our continent, and I shall have the honour to give you a constant account of our condition here. I am, &c. To the Lord Duke of Marlborough, Hill. 518 MR. HILL TO THE LORD DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH.- ETC. Mr. Hill wrote, the 25th March, 1705, S. N. to Capt. Dol man advising him to sail westward with her Majesty's ships under his coraraand, and to do all the service he could at Nice, or Villa-Franca. The letter was sent under cover to Sir L. Blackwell, at Genoa. From Mr, Hill to Prince Eugene, Sec, a Turin, ce 26^ Mars, 1705, Monseigneur, II y a quelque teras que j'ay eu les ordres de la Reyne, ma Maitresse, d'aller a Venice, pour offrir a la Repub- lique son amitie, et celle de ses Allies, en cas que le Senat parut dispose a nous ecouter. Je n' ay pu compter sur leur bonne disposition jusques a ce que je voyois votre Altesse pret a retourner en Lorabardie. Comme ce teras est venu, je prends la liberie de ra' addresser a V. A., la priant tres hum- bleraent de me faire s9avoir ses sentiments par rapport a mon ministere aupres de cette Republique. Si V.A. juge que le nora et le credit de la Reyne puissent quelque chose pour les interets de la cause coraraune aupres de ces Messrs., je suis pret a raonter a cheval au premier ordre de V.A., et de me rendre aupres d'elle, pour joindre ses instructions a celles qu' il a plu a la Reyne de me donner. J'aurois aussi au meme teras un sensible plaisir de marquer le zele et 1' attachement tres serieux avec lesquelles je suis, &c. a, Prince Eugene, Sec, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote, March 29th, 1705, to Consul Boiier to de sire, if the Queen's frigates carae to Oneiglia, that he would order them to go to Nice, in case there were no French men- of-war before that place ; but in case the enemies' ships were there, that then the Queen's frigates should cruise as nigh to Nice as they could, to endeavour to interrupt the enemies' convoys. From Mr, Hill to Messrs, Western and Lambert, Sec, Turin, the 1st April, 1705. Sirs, Ifthe Commanders ofher Majesty's frigates, the Lyme, Mary-Galley, Tartar, and Newport are not supplied with credit by some of her Majesty's subjects in your port for what MR-. HILL TO MESSRS. WESTERN AND LAMBERT, ETC. 519 necessaries they raay want, either for the rigging, or provisions for the said ships, I must desire you will assist them, and fur nish thera with what they may want for the said uses, taking their bills on the victualling office, or navy-board, which I doubt not will be readily complied with ; in default whereof I am willing to be answerable to you. I hope you will be so kind as to comply with this request, which is so much for the Queen's service, as also on my account, who am, &c. To Messrs, Western, and Lambert, 8cc, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote, April 1st, 1705, S.N., to Captain Dolman, to give him notice of the aforesaid letter ; to desire he would get out to sea so soon as was possible, and sail westward, as near as he could to Villa-Franca, with her Majesty's frigates under his command ; to desire that if he met with any Ge noese that he would search them very strictly, and take out all the French and Spaniards he should find aboard them, &c. From Mr, HiU to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, 1st April, 1705, S.N. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you the ^th past ; and since I have received what you were pleased to write to me the 13th February. I am very glad to see the good peo ple of England so sensible of his Royal Highness's merit, and so affected with his sufferings. If his other allies had been so just to hira, his merits raight have been greater, and his suf ferings less. I have ventured to assure his Royal Highness, as if by your order, that the Queen will never abandon his interests, nor his satisfaction, whenever any negotiations shall be set a foot for a general peace. I have assured hira, like wise, with very great confidence, that the Queen and her ministers have not yet the least attention towards any such negotiations with which the enemies have supposed that the Marshal de Tallard has been charged, and have raised twenty stories which are too silly to make any impression, except at a great distance. You will please to say what you think fit to Comte Brian9on upon this subject. The French are still raore free when they write and talk of his Royal Highness. Sometimes they suppose his treaty raaking, and sometimes they suppose it made. Soraetimes it is the Duke of Vendome, 320 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. sometimes it is La Feuilliade, who labours in that raatter. Sometimes it is at Versailles, and at Rome, and at Geneva, and at Casal, that this business is carried on. They let us also know, in great good nature, on what conditions his Royal Highness is to be gained. He is to yield Savoy they say to France, for an equivalent in Montferrat and the Milanese. But of all this you will please to say nothing to Comte Brian- 9on. What I know, is, that his Royal Highness does act or suffer bravely for his allies ; that the French would gladly have made an end of this war in Italy before P. Eugene, and the Queen's Prussians, could come ; that the Duke of Ven dorae, and M. de La Feuilliade, and every French General who is employed against us, has been very ready to treat with us : that every Prince, or State in Italy, was very desirous to concur to so christian a work ; that every minister, officer, and subject in Piedmont is ready to give his advice and coun sel, and offer his service ; but his Royal Highness does not consult any one of them. I likewise know that it is time P. Eugene was coming. Till we know that he is in Tyrol, we shall not believe he will come into Italy. We are told still, that the Emperor will be obliged to employ that Prince and his forces this summer against the Hungarians, and the Swedes, who are to come by Silesia to the assistance of Ragotski. The priests, and monks, the politicians, the cowards, and the obser- vators, who make 19 parts in 20 of the people in Italy, lie all on our eneraies' side. Our castle of Verrue does its duty still, and the garrison deserves imraortal honour. It was chance, not choice, which left both officers and soldiers there who are now in the place ; for when we lost our coraraunication we could not relieve, or change any part of the detachment which hap pened to be in tbe place. I believe no officer or soldier there has two shirts, except the Governor, to whora Comte Guido sent one tied to a bomb : they have little bread, and no wine left but for the sick and wounded. Yet the Governor has answered to two suramons, which the Duke of Vendome made to him to surrender, that he understood, no French, and there fore that the Duke of Vendome must raake his addresses at Turin. His Royal Highness has endeavoured to throw some bread and biscuit into the place ; but the rains and the river failed us. He would now gladly save the garrison, and has given them orders, by signals, to beat a chamade, and get an honourable capitulation if they can. If the Duke of Vendome MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 521 will not let the garrison march out, but will have the garrison prisoners-of-war, he is not yet to have either the castle, or the garrison. The siege of Nice goes on slowly. The Duke de la Feuilliade beats the town in pieces with six cannons and four mortars, but has made no breach in the walls. We do not reckon that he has above 6000 men with him, and ill troops. The French ships did not yet appear there the 27th past ; and we have been told that the Comte de Pontchartrin is not so very zealous in assisting by sea the designs and undertakings of La Feuilliade, as his father in law, Chamillard, is to furnish him with every thing by land. The Lyrae, Mary-Galley, Tartar, and Newport were at Leghorn last week, and I have ventured to desire and beg of thera to go to Villa-Franca, or so near as is reasonable, and to do every thing which they can for the service of his Royal Highness, till a squadron of ships shall appear to drive thera away. We are advised from sea that Pointi with his squadron is coming to Toulon from Ca diz ; that it consists of 13 ships, which want men, and victuals, and every thing. If Sir John Leake had orders to follow him, he might destroy that squadron, and save Nice, and clear the coasts of Spain of a great many privateers and cruisers, who have taken a great many merchantmen, English, Dutch, Ve netians, or Genoese. I think I had the honour to tell you, that a party from Final had taken an officer of his Royal Highness's coraing from Vienna, and a banker of this town co raing frora Genoa, upon the territories ofthe Republic. We do not yet see that the Senate raakes rauch haste to demand their liberty. The Queen's ships have as much reason to take out of all Genoese ships and galleys the enemies of her Majesty. The Duke of Tursis's squadron is arming again at Genoa for the service of the two crowns. I am, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr. Hill to Capt, Dolman, Sec, Turin, the 1st April, 1705, S.N,, at night. Sir, I have wrote to you, by all the ways I could possibly, since the enemies are before Nice and Villa-Franca : and I hope some of my letters will find you. They are all to remind you, that the Queen did send you into these seas for the ser vice of his Royal Highness, So I desire you will make the 3t 522 MR. HILL TO CAPT. DOLMAN. best of your way with the ships under your command, and go as nigh to Nice or Villa-Franca as you can possibly, where I hope you will do any thing which the Marquis de Carrail shall desire of you that may be for his Royal Highness's service, in which the Queen's service is much interested . I hear the ene mies have landed all their artillery which they have hitherto made use of, under the protection of five or six miserable gal leys, and that no French ship-of-war has yet appeared off of Nice. Sure you are strong enough to attack these galleys, and I hope you will do it. I would not have you battle a squadron of the enemies' ships, or go into the port of Villa- Franca to be shut up, and burnt by a superior force ; but I earnestly request of you, without loss of time, to do all that in you lies for the assistance and defence of Nice and Villa- Franca. I am not willing to censure, or to blame your conduct ; but I was sorry you went out of Leghorn, the ^^ past, as convoy, when you were so earnestly required to come to Villa-Franca. I fear his Royal Highness will complain in London that the Queen's ships had abandoned their post, when they might have been so useful to hira. I beg of you once raore to do every thing which the Marquis de Carrail can desire of you that is reasonable. If he should desire you to quit your ships, and go into the castle, (as I told Capt. Fisher his Royal Highness did desire,) you will excuse yourselves frora that, in the best raanner that you can. I have sent credit for you to Leghorn for Messrs. Western and Lambert, desir ing them to take your bills on the Navy-board and Victuallers : but I hope you will not have need to go back thither these two raonths. I ara, &c. To Capt. Dolman, Sec, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to the same purpose to Capt. Fisher, Consul Boiier, and to the Marquis de Carrail, and sent all the letters per express, under cover to the said Marquis. From Mr. HiU to Vice-Admiral Sir John Leake, ^c, Turin, 2nd April, S.N., 1705. Sir, I have oft thanked God for the good service you have done lately to the Queen ; and I rejoice with you for the honour which you have got by it. We are told that you are pursuing MR. HILL TO SIR JOHN LEAKE. 523 M. Pointi, and his eight ships eastward. I believe that chase will bring you as high as Toulon. If you could come a little higher you would save Nice and Villa-Franca, which are now besieged by the French ever since the 4th of March, as youhave saved Gibraltar. I do not presume to give you any orders, or any advice, which raay interfere with your other designs, and the services which you are now upon. I can only tell you that the saving of Nice and Villa-Franca would be of in finite service to the Duke of Savoy in the first place, and of great consequence to the Queen, and her allies. The enemies have yet no ships-of-war before Villa-Franca ; but we are ad vised that eight men-of-war, and eight galleys, and three bomb-vessels, are to come with the first fair wind from Toulon. Tbe Lyme, Mary-Galley, Tartar, and Newport are cruising off of Villa-Franca, and keep the French galleys in awe. When the French ships appear, they must retire to Genoa or Leghorn. I send you here an extract of Mr. Secretary Hed- ges's letter to rae, 26th January, 170g-, relating to this siege of Nice and Villa-Franca ; and I raust add, that the last sum mer Sir G. Rooke had orders to come to our relief at Nice, in case I sent him word that it was besieged. I must advise you, in case you should come or send a squadron as high as Nice, that the bay, which opens before the town and castle of Nice, is full of rocks, and has no anchorage. But a little east ward of Nice is the port of Villa-Franca, and a little raore east ward is the bay of St Hospitio, where there is good riding and good anchorage. I must also advise you that the enemies are, or will soon be, masters of the town of Villa-Franca ; so that it is only safe to corae into the bay of St. Hospitio. I can say no raore, but leave our destiny to your consideration ; assuring you that I am, &c. To Sir John Leake, Sec. Hill. Mr. Hill sent this letter per express to Genoa, under cover to Sir L. Blackwell, having given a duplicate to the Marquis de St. Thomas, to send to his correspondent at Genoa. Mr. Hill wrote, 3rd April, 1705, to Capt. Dolman, and Capt. Fisher, to desire them to call at Oneiglia, and St. Remo, to inform theraselves if the enemies' ships-of-war were arrived before Villa-Franca, which if they should find confirm ed, that then they would not go too nigh the said place, but cruise eastward of St. Remo, to endeavour to interrupt the 3t2 524 MR. HILL TO CAPT. DOLMAN. enemies' convoys between Provence and Genoa. These let ters were sent per express, under cover to the Marquis de Carrail. Mr. Hill wrote also to Consul Boiier to the same purpose, and desired him to give the Captains what intelligence he could of the enemies : as also that he would reclaim the Lieut., and 32 men, taken by the French in a tartane going out of Nice. From Mr. Hill to Capt, Dolman, Turin, 5th April, S. N. 1705. Sir, Whereas we are now informed that the castle of Vil la-Franca has capitulated, and that several French ships-of- war are cruising between Monaco and Antibes, I do not now believe that you can do any service to his Royal Highness equal or proportionable to the danger which you raust run : I do, therefore, desire you would now cruise eastward of St. Remo, in hopes you may intercept some of the French convoys, which are to come from Provence to Genoa; or else, that [you] will cruise between Genoa and Leghorn, keeping one of those ports open for your retreat. If you called at Oneig lia, as I desired, and as you proraised me that you would, the Consul would give you advice of the enemies' ships which are about Nice. I shall be glad to hear from you as oft as you have any opportunity from Oneiglia, Genoa, or Leghorn. I am, &c. To Capt, Dolman, Hill. This letter was sent under cover to Consul Boiier at Oneiglia. From Mr, Hill to Fice-Admiral Sir John Leake, Turin, the 8th April, S. N. 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the 2nd inst., to acquaint you that the enemies were besieging Nice and Villa-Franca by land, and the next day I heard that they had six men-of-war, and eight galleys, which cruised and kept the sea between Antibes and Monaco. I did fairly represent to you, as the Duke of Savoy did require of me, that you might corae to save those two places, if the orders you are under, the services you are upon, and the designs which are pursuing, MR. HILL TO SIR J. LEAKE. 525 would give you leave to corae up so high. I must now tell you that the case is altered ; for, on the 4th inst., the eneraies took the castle of Villa-Franca by capitulation ; and though the castle of Nice does hold out still, and vrill raake, I believe, a long defence, yet you can have no coraraunication with it by sea, nor can your ships now corae into the port of Villa-Franca, or the bay of St. Hospitio, of which it is fit I should advise you. I find, by letters frora London, that Vice-Admiral Dilkes has brought to Lisbon a good provision of powder, salt-petre, and lead, for his Royal Highness, which was to be sent to Villa-Franca. I must now desire that you would be so good as to give orders, that they come not to Nice or Villa- Franca, but to Genoa, and that notice be given, upon its arri val there, to the Queen's Consul. I am, &c. To Sir John Leake, Sec, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, 8th April, S. N. 1705. Sir, I did rayself the honour to write to you, the 1st inst. I then told you that the Governor of Verrue had answered to the Duke of Vendome's suraraons, that he must address himself to his Royal Highness. Since then the Duke of Vendorae has raade sorae applications here, saying he would treat with his Royal Highness for the surrender of Verrue, and sorae other things at the same time. To this his Royal Highness raade no answer at all. Upon the 6th, the Gover nor of Verrue did beat a chamade, and offered to surrender his rubbish, upon very reasonable conditions. The Duke of Vendome answered it was too late now, and that he would give the garrison no other quarter than to be his prisoners. The Governor answered it was not yet come to that, and so they began to fire again on both sides. However, it is come to that extremity, for want of bread, that we only expect our sturdy Governor will set fire to all his raines, and blow up all the works, and defences of the castle, and then retire into the donjon; where he and his garrison will offer to subrait at dis cretion. This will happen to-night, or to-raorrow, I believe ; not for want of courage and resolution, but for want of bread. Our castle of Villa-Franca has not done us so rauch good, nor got so much honour. It surrendered to La Feuil- 526 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. liade the 5th day after it had been battered with 26 cannons, and 11 mortars. The poor town of Nice has held out a month, by the virtue and vigour of the honest Governor, though we did not expect it could resist three days. I could not get the Queen's four frigates together before Nice and Villa-Franca, during the month of March that the enemies had no ships in those seas. The 3rd of this month they were all coming westward; but I hope they would find at Oneiglia, the advices which I sent them to avoid six great French ships which are cruising between Antibes and Monaco. The Queen's frigates did take, in their way between Leghorn and Genoa, a French ship richly laden from Alexandria. We had news last week that Sir John Leake had raet with Pointi, and five great ships of his 13 which were coraing frora Cadiz to Tou lon ; that he had taken three of thera, and forced the other two ashore ; and that he was pursuing the other eight along the coasts of Spain. I did, therefore, despatch a tartane from Genoa, with letters for Sir John Leake, advising him of all that was doing at Nice, and at Villa-Franca, leaving him to do what he judged best for the Queen's service. I have since despatched another tartane to let him know, that the cas tle of Villa-Franca is surrendered. I did write to Lisbon, the 1 1 th March, desiring that the powder, arms, &c, which were to be sent thither, for the use of his Royal Highness, might by no means be sent to Villa-Franca, which was then in dan ger, but to Genoa. I write again to the same purpose to my Lord Ambassador Methuen ; but for raore security, I must desire you will please to send the sarae advice to Lisbon. By the last advices which I got frora Toulon, I do not find that they are working there upon their ships of three decks ; nor do I find that they have made, or are making, such provisions as would be necessary, if they designed to send out a fleet to meet the Queen's. We had yesterday a courier from Vienna, who brings assurances to his Royal Highness from the Emper or's own hand, and from Prince Eugene, that the 8000 Prus sians are on their march, and that 8000 Imperialists would certainly march towards Lombardy this month, and that Prince Eugene was at last persuaded to try his fortune once more in Italy. We believe all this to-day, and it is well we do; for we have nothing but this faith to save us. The Duke de la Feuilliade has been reinforced before Nice with two battal ions of Swiss, which came from Languedoc ; and two regi- MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 527 ments of dragoons, which had been employed in that pro vince the two last years, are now coming this way to join La Feuilliade, so soon as his expedition of Nice is over. I fear that our friends in the Cevennes have forsaken us quite ; and that all the troops, which were employed against them, will be upon our backs here this summer. I have wrote to day to Prince Eugene himself to know if my coming to Ve nice will be of any use to him, and to the service of the com mon cause. If his Royal Highness, or that Prince, do per suade rae to go to Venice, I desire you to consider if it raay not be convenient to have a dorraant letter of credit here for Mr. Chetwynd, who will attend upon his Royal Highness in ray absence. If I do not go hence, I shall not make any use of those credentials. We are not yet certain, that La Feijil- liade will undertake the castle of Nice, which may cost him too much time and labour. He has 20 battalions at Nice, and has about 10 more in the valleys of Lucerne, or on their way thither, and he has five regiments of dragoons, or horse, with all which we suppose he is to come into Piedmont as soon as he can. I send you here an abstract of a letter which I got from Toulon. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote, 8th April, S. N., to the Lord Ambassador Methuen, to desire that the powder, salt-petre, &c., sent from England for the use of his Royal Highness, might by no means be sent to Villa-Franca, but to Genoa. Petition of J, Salliens and wife to the Duke of Savoy, Les soussignes Jean Salliens, natif de Montpellier, refugie a Lausanne depuis 15 annees, et bourgeois de Geneve depuis 5 annees, avec Fran9oise Rayne sa femme se jettent aux pieds de V.A.R. luy representant, tres humblement, que le dit Salliens etant venu ici pour son service, et se croyant sous sa protection Rovale, on vient de leur enlever leur enfant Jacques Salliens, age de huit annees, 8 mois, et 16 jours, contre le droit des Gens, et le droit de la nature. Ii faut, Monseigneur, que Ton aye sup pose a V.A.R. plusieurs faussettes ridicules pour colorer une si noire violence ; mais la bonte et la justice de V.A.R. s9auront bien demeler la verite pour faire rendre 1' enfant a un Pere et 528 J. SALLIENS, ETC., TO THE DUKE OF SAVOY. une Mere qui le demandent a genoux. Nous avons ete 8 jours avant que de pouvoir trouver notre enfant, et il y en a tantot 15 qu'il est entre les mains de ceux qui nous I'ont enleve. Mais nous esperons que les le9ons et les cajoUeries, que Ton a peu faire a un enfant de 9 ans ne pourront pas le distraire de I'autorite de son Pere et de sa Mere, qui n'ont pas I'bonneur d'etre nes sujets de V.A.R., et qui sont prets a se retirer en Suisse, si c'est le plaisir de V.A.R., avec leur enfant, qui est ne sujet du Canton de Berne dans Lausanne, ou il a ete bap tise. (Signe) Fait a Turin, ce 10= Avril, 1705. Jean Salliens. From Mr, Hill to the Archbishop of Canterbury. Turin, the ,^ April, 1705. My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Grace, the ^th February. Since then I paid away the £6600 of Piedmont money, value of £400 sterling, which your Grace was pleas- . ed to send me, to the raost necessitous of the poor Vaudois. I did divide that sum as well as I could, by the advice and di rection of the ministers and consistories, I send to your Grace a letter here frora them to the Queen,' by which they 1 A copy of this letter to the Queen the Editor has not met with ; he has been fortunate enough, however, to find the original receipt ofthe Vaudois Pastors for this money. The foUowing is a copy of it : — Nous soussignes Pasteurs et Officiers du Synode des Valines de Pie mont avec les deputes contistes d^clarons et confessons avoir re^eu des mains de S.E., Monsieurle Chevalier Hill, Envoye Extraordinaire deS.M. B., la somme de six mille six cents livres monnoye de Pifiraont, provenantes d'une charite pieuse et Royale de la Reyne de la Grande Bretagne glo- rieusement regnante, qui seront distribu6es selon les ordres de mon-dit Seigneur Envoye, pour sfivenir aux families les plus nicessiteuses au sujet de la presente guerre, tant a I'ggard des originaires des susdites Valines, qu'a I'ggard de celles qui se sontrfifiigiges parminous, et remer- cions avec toute 1' humility, et la reconnoissance, S.M.B. de ce qu'elle daigne de dessus son glorieux Trone jetter I'oeil de ses compassions, a 1' imitation du Roy des Roys dont elle est une image vivante, sur les per sonnes qu'il plait k Dieu de visiter en diverses mani^res. Angrogne le 17e Mars, 1705. Bern : Jahier, Pasteur, Mod&-ateur, et Commis. Gujlle. Malanot, Pasteur, et Mod^rateur-Ajoint, et Commis. P. Reinaudin, Pasteur, Secretaire, et Commis. Francois Brez, Contiste. Joseph Donneand, Contiste. MR. HILL TO THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY. 529 hurably thank her Majesty, as well for the pension which she has been graciously pleased to restore to the ministers, as for this charity to their poor. I am afraid they will feel again the weight of the war this campaign ; for the Duke de la Feuil liade is preparing to come through their valleys into Pied mont so soon as he has done at Nice. I ara, &c. To the Archbishop of Canterbury, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the ^th April, 1705. Sir, I did rayself the honour to write to you the 8th inst. That same day the Duke of Vendome being informed by a deserter frora Verrue what our people were doing in the place, he sent a trumpet to tell them, that if they blew up the works of the castle, he would put the garrison to the sword. The Governor answered him, that he had his orders, which nothing could hinder hira to obey. The same night he set fire to all his raines, and destroyed almost all the works, and retired with his men into the Donjon, from whence he beat a chamade, the 9th in the morning, offering to surren der the garrison prisoners of war, after he had divided the last loaf of bread which was in the place. Thus fell Verrue, with great decency, and with immortal honour to those brave men who had defended it almost six months. At the sarae time the Duke de la Feuilliade raade himself master of the town of Nice, and ofthe castles of Montauban, and St. Hos pitio. By this means the enemies are in full and quiet pos session of the port of Villa-Franca, and all the avenues to it ; and keep the castle of Nice closely invested. The Duke de la Feuilliade is in haste to leave the care of that blockade to Monsieur d' Usson, who is to rest at Nice with eight batta lions, whilst the young General is to corae over the raountains into Piedmont, to raake war upon us this suramer, up to the walls of Turin, as he says. The Duke of Vendome is going down the Po to the assistance of his brother, and will be for ced to carry the greatest part of his troops with him, in pro portion to the number of Germans which are coming into Lombardy. I am now persuaded that all the forces, which were under the command of those two brothers, will have enough to do to face P. Eugene, when he comes ; and I do 3v 530 MR, HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. not see that La Feuilliade can be strong enough to give us any great disquiet here this summer. Yet so it is : whether the loss of Verrue and Nice at the same time, by which means we are closely invested in Piedmont, and have lost all commu nication with the rest of the world, by sea, as well as by land : whether the menaces of the enemies, and the preparations, which are raaking at Fenestrelles and Suze, of artillery and bombs ; whether the natural tenderness for wife and children, and a royal family; or sorae other reason which I cannot penetrate, yet so it is, that for two or three days past, his Royal Highness is not as he was before for the last fifteen raonths. I do not find my hero of Crescentin, and Verrue. We seera to be dismayed and apprehensive just when all our dangers do lessen, supposing that P. Eugene is coming. We are working as if we were to come to an anchor just when the violence of the storm is over. I have ventured to assure the Duke that her Majesty will give orders to her fleet, when it coraes up to the Mediterrainean, to come to the relief of the castle of Nice, if his Royal Highness does desire it ; though I do hope that the operations of the fleet, where it is to act, will bring relief to Nice and Piedmont, and to all the Queen's allies. I believe his Royal Highness will write upon this subject to her Majesty in a few days. I ara, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to the Duke of Marlborough to the same purpose as to Mr. Secretary Hedges, the ^th April, 1705. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, '-^^ April, 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the ^^th, when we were here under some agitation and disquiet of mind more than ordinary. I think the anguish-fit is over, and his Royal Highness has resumed all his vigour and attention, to put himself in the best posture of defence that he can. We are repairing our fortifications of Turin, and are making mines under the contrescarpe, and working hard in our arsenal to replace the artillery which we lost the last year in Verceil, Suze, Ivrea, and Verrue. We are all commanded to have six months' provisions for our family, everyone in his own house. We are labouring at the same time to be in a condition to MR, HILL TO MB. SECRETARY HEDGES, 531 meet the enemy in the field. His Royal Highness has re mounted his horse, and dragoons, and though the Imperialists have here about 800 good troopers a foot, for whora there is no appearance of getting horses, yet we shall be superior to La Feuilliade in cavalry, as rauch as I can yet see. The Duke of Vendome was to set out this day from Casal to wards Italy, to take upon hira the command of the army there, and has already ordered 17 regiments to march that way. We hope a great raany more of his troops will follow him. If he should leave any considerable number of troops to enter into Piedmont on one side, whilst La Feuilliade comes on our backs the other way, we shall be put to it. If we are left to La Feuilliade alone we shall do well enough. We do not yet hear that Prince Eugene is set out from Vienna, though it is high time that he was come. The castle of Nice is closely blocked up now, and must stand upon its own legs. It is provided with subsistence for eight or ten months, and must live upon what it has. Nothing on earth but the Queen's fleet can relieve it. It was tenderness and pity in his Royal Highness to the poor inhabitants of Nice, which determined him to consent to a kind of neutrality between the town and the castle, which the enemies will be able to keep close shut up with four or five battalions, since they are masters of all the posts round about it. I send you here an abstract, as you did coraraand me, of the duties which were formerly paid here, and which are now to be paid here, upon our English fabrics ; and I have made it as plain as I can. I desire to receive her Majesty's commands, or those of his Royal Highness, ray master, concerning the Queen's four frigates which are in these seas. They are of less use to us, and are in raore danger, than they were when we had the port of Villa-^ Franca. They do vex and disturb the enemies still in their convoys between Provence and Genoa, and do interrupt their coasting trade ; and we have the ports of Genoa and Leghorn open to the frigates. Yet I desire to receive your orders concerning them. I ara, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the If th April, 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the 15th, and 3v2 532 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 22nd inst. I told you that the enemies were raasters of the town, the port, and castle, of Villa-Franca, ofthe castles of St. Hospitio, and Montauban, and of the town and county o^ Nice. Nothing is left now there in the possession of his Royal^^ Highness, but the castle of Nice, which is closely blocked up by Mons. d'Usson, who is lodged in the town of Nice, and the Duke de la Feuilliade leaves him eight battalions to secure these new conquests, where nothing can disturb them, but the Queen's fleet, and a good body of redcoats to be debarked this summer on the coasts of Nice. His Royal Highness does now write to her Majesty upon this subject, and sends ample in structions to Count Brian9on, which he will explain to you ; and I may leave this matter to his lively and active solicitations. I have ventured to assure his Royal Highness, that her Ma jesty will give the necessary orders to her Admiral as is desir ed, if tbe projects and destination of the fleet in other places do not oblige the enemies to draw their forces from the comte of Nice, to the defence of their own coasts. " What I have " raore to say is, that I cannot advise the sending of the fleet " out of its way for the sake of Nice and Villa-Franca, if it " has any more important designs to execute upon the coasts " of France and Spain. I think the enemies will have no " troops in Provence this summer, except at Toulon, and those " coasts are accessible from Toulon to Antibes, according to a " description which I sent last year to London, of which Count " Brian9on has a copy. If the fleet does attempt any thing on " those coasts, to draw the attention of the enemies that way, "and then coraes briskly to the coasts of Nice, or can send a " detachment with 5 or 6000 men, and a good train of ar- " tillery, to the bay of St. Hospitio, where they may be landed, " I am persuaded that it will be easy to drive the enemies out " of Villa-Franca, and Nice, and to put ammunition, or victuals, "into the castle of Nice, without which it must fall before " winter. I must add that the assistance which the Queen " should please to send by her fleet is of the utmost conse- " quence to his Royal Highness in particular, who is in a pit, " in a well, and has no communication by sea or land with any " of his allies ; without troops, without arms, without salt- " petre, lead, or gunpowder. The French give out that they " are treating, and have treated, with his Royal Highness. " The condition in which we are, makes every body here be- " lieve it is so. I have no better argument at present for my MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 533 " incredulity, but that it is not possible to believe a Prince " would push his dissimulation so far as to press the Queen to " send her fleet to his relief, if he had already taken his mea- " sures not to want that relief. Yet so it is now, that nobody " makes the provisions for six months which we are ordered " to make, supposing that we raust here be friends, or subjects, " to France in less than six raonths. I have nothing to oppose " to this opinion ofour people, but the honour and resolution " of his Royal Highness ; the arrival in Italy of P. Eugene ; "the zeal and attention of the Queen for our assistance. " But all this has no weight against the desires, the inclina- " tions, and the belief of our people." I have received the honour of your letters, of the 2nd, 9th, and 16th, of March. " I observe well what you are pleased to say of Mr. Mitford " Crowe. So soon as I hear that he is at Genoa, I will put one " or raore ofthe four frigates under his orders as you coraraand " me." I shall not forget what you are pleased to command me in favour of Mr. Ch. Godolphin. If it comes in my way to serve him, I shall do it very heartily. I am desired by his Royal Highness to recoraraend to you the interests of three honest merchants of this town, viz., Roland, Rabagliato, and Rubato, who had several merchandises laden for their account at Lisbon upon a Genoese ship, coraraanded by Capt. Prasca, which was brought into England the last year. I send you here an authentic copy of their affidavit, and humbly desire you to put the Count de Brian9on in the way of doing them justice. We have yet no certain account of P. Eugene's de parture frora Vienna. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Lord Treasurer, Turin, Jfth April, 1705. My Lord, I ara to thank your Lordship for the honour of your letter, of the 2nd March, which I received last post. I did not wonder that your Lordship did then believe the letters which were corae frora Berlin, and Vienna, which affirmed that our succours were in full march. It ought to be so. But I must assure your Lordship that the 8000 Prussians did not stir out of their quarters till the 22nd of March ; nor was P. Eugene gone from Vienna the 12th inst. We do hope that 534 MR, HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. Prince is arrived by this time on the frontiers of Lombardy with those 8000 Prussians, and two regiments of Imperial ists, and that 4000 of the Elector-Palatine's troops will follow in due tirae, as likewise 10,000 recruits for the Gerraans which were in Italy. I will suppose all these arrived. Yet I raust desire your Lordship not to believe that his Royal Highness can be in any condition to act, or stir, this carapaign. The Duke of Vendome does believe, as I find by his letters to La Feuilliade, that he, with the Spanish, or Milanese troops, shall be so superior to Prince Eugene in Lombardy, that he shall be able to leave a considerable number of troops upon the frontiers of Piedmont towards Italy, to act in concert with La Feuilliade, who is to enter into Piedmont by the way of Suze, and Pignerol. My hope, and my belief, is, that Prince Eugene will corae so strong as to draw down all the Duke of Vendome's forces into Lombardy. Yet I cannot flatter my self so far as to believe that we can be equal here to the forces which La Feuilliade will bring into Piedmont. " The com- " mon opinion here, at this time, is, that his Royal Highness " is capitulating, which I should believe if I thought he did " consult any one man in Piedmont. I cannot yet make any "good account ofthe forces with which La Feuilliade does " pretend to besiege, or to bombard us here in Turin ; but I am " sure his Royal Highness cannot bring 8000 men together " to defend his capital; and he is in the greatest want of arms, " lead, powder, and salt-petre. All I did hope was, that his " Royal Highness would hold out so long as to oblige the en- " emies to have 100 battalions, and as many squadrons, in " Italy this summer. Now that is done, I hope my Lord " Marlborough will be the better for it on the Moselle, and " that the Queen's fleet will find the coasts of France and " Catalonia unguarded. And that is all which I dare pro- " raise your Lordship that we shall do for you this summer, " for your 53,333^ crovnis per month. You will please to take " out the rest in our sufferings for you." I hope your Lord ship has, by this time, ordered a new contract to be made for the^ remises to this place. 1 shall be glad if Tourton and Gnigier are not concerned in it. Whoever is to remit hither will have difficulty enough : those gentlemen will have more than some others. I am, &c. To the Lord Treasurer, Hill. MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. 535 From Mr, Hill to the Duke of Marlborough. Turin, the 28th April, 1705. My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Grace, the 15th inst, to tell you in what condition we were then. The case is not yet rauch altered with us since. We have no knowledge yet, that Prince Eugene is corae from Vienna. And if the eneraies are besieging Mirandola, as they say they are, it is plain that they do not expect that Prince so soon in Lombardy, or with such a force, as we have hoped. The Duke of Vendorae has now received about 12,000 recruits for his arraies in Lorabardy ; and I find by an intercepted letter from him to La Feuilliade, ' that he thinks he raay spare some of his army to act against us in Piedmont in concert with La Feijilliade, who is to enter by Suze, and Pignerol, and have enough left to face Prince Eugene. If that should prove to be the case we shall make but a short campaign here. " His Royal Highness, and Count Guido, cannot make out " 10,000 raen of all kinds : out of which we raust garrison Coni, " Chivas, and Turin, and guard several passes : so that I " doubt we shall not have any foot to take the field this sum- " mer. We have not lead, salt-petre, or powder, to furnish " our citadel here for a siege. These, and some other, rea- " sons raake every body here believe that his Royal High- " ness is capitulating, which the French do publish every- " where. I ara persuaded that the honest man is abusing his " friends, or his enemies. I cannot yet tell which. I could " soon resolve the question, if he consulted any one of his " counsellors, or subjects. But the best of it is, he does not " trust, believe, or consult any one of them." I have receiv ed the honour of your Grace's letter, of the 16th past, with one for Prince Eugene, which I shall make use of, when either that Prince, or his Royal Highness here, shall think I can make any good use of it. I am glad of any occasion to let his Royal Highness know what your Grace is pleased to bid me say to him ; because I cannot make my court so well to him, as by letting bira see that you do not forget him. Mons. Bel castel is also very sensible of the honour your Grace does hira. I ara, &c. To the Duke of Marlborough. Hill. ' This letter is chiefly in cipher, and mi^ch damaged ; it is dated Casal, 19th April, 1705. 536 MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. Postcript to the three foregoing letters, in cipher: — " Since I wrote ray letter, I have had a long entertain- " ment with his Royal Highness, who has given me all possible " assurances of his steadiness, and resolution, desiring me not " to be alarmed at any reports which may be raised by the " malice of his enemies, or the fears, of his people." I am, &c. Hill. From Mr, Hill to Fice-Admiral Sir John Leake, 8fc, Turin, the 2nd May, S.N., 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the 2nd, and 8th April. By the first of my letters I desired your help and assistance for Nice, and Villa-Franca ; by the last I told you that it was too late. I told you that we had lost Nice, and Villa-Franca, and that only the castle of Nice does hold out. That will hold out till the Queen's fleet does come into the Mediterranean ; and if it coraes with 5 or 6000 redcoats aboard, they will easily retake Villa-Franca, and Nice ; if the Queen is pleased to give her orders so to do. I send two of her Ma jesty's frigates to seek some powder, salt-petre, lead, and arms, which were sent from England, under the care of Sir Thomas Dilkes, for the Duke of Savoy. We are in such great want of those stores that I must desire you to give all the necessary orders for the immediate despatch of thera to Oneiglia, Savona, or Genoa, by the two frigates which I send on purpose for thera. If those stores are already sent forward to Genoa, you will keep the two frigates with you, and dispose of them as you judge best for the Queen's service. I am, &c. To Sir John Leake, Sec, Hill. From Mr, HiU to Rear-Admiral Sir Thomas Dilkes, Turin, the 2nd May, 1705, S.N. Sir, I received advice from Mr. Secretary Hedges, that a considerable quantity of powder, salt-petre, lead, and arms, were sent from England, under your care and convoy to Lis bon, for the use of the Duke of Savoy. I now send two of the Queen's frigates to seek and to bring those stores to Oneiglia, Savona, or Genoa ; for the enemies have made them selves raasters of Villa-Franca. I raust desire the favour of MR, HILL TO SIR THOMAS DILKES. 537 you to help us all you can in sending away the said stores, which are of absolute necessity for us here. I am, &c. To Sir Thomas Dilkes. Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to the Lord Ambassador Methuen to the sarae purpose, &c. From Mr, Hill to Captain Dolman, Sec, Turin, the 2nd May, 1705. Sir, Whereas the Queen was pleased to send the four fri gates, which are now under your command, into these seas, for the service of his Royal Highness : I do desire and require you, by virtue ofthe power which I have received from the Right Honourable Sir Charles Hedges, Principal Secretary of State, that you will immediately send any two of the frigates, which you judge most proper, to Lisbon, directing the Commander of them to apply himself to Sir John Leake, or to Sir Thomas Dilkes, and to enquire for the powder, salt-petre, and lead, and arms, which were brought from England, under the care of Sir Thomas Dilkes, for the use of his Royal Highness, the Duke of Savoy ; all which provisions of powder, salt-petre, lead, and arms, the said two frigates must bring with all possible dili gence to Oneiglia, if wind and weather will perrait, orto Savona, or Genoa, for the use of his Royal Highness. The two frigates will either convoy the ships, upon which the said provisions were loaded, into the places above named, or they will take the said provisions aboard the frigates, and bring them as the Queen's Admiral, comraanding at Lisbon, shalljudge best. If the two frigates should meet by chance the said provisions on the way, they will return, and strengthen that convoy, and di rect them to come to Oneiglia, to Savona, or to Genoa, advi sing thera to avoid Villa-Franca. If the two frigates, at their arrival at Lisbon, do find that these stores are already sent away frora thence, the two frigates will then put theraselves under the orders of the Queen's Adrairal at Lisbon, or at Gi braltar. If they bring or convoy the aforesaid stores to Oneig lia, they will deliver thera to the Marquis de Pallavicini, Go vernor of that place ; if they bring them to Savona, to Sig. Sapillani, agent for his Royal Highness there : if they bring them to Genoa, they will deliver them to Sig. Molinari, Re sident for the Emperor. The two frigates will call at Gibral- 3w 538 MR. HILL TO CAPT. DOLMAN. tar, where they will deliver the packet which is directed to the Prince of Hesse, and receive his Highness's comriiands for Lisbon ; and the Commander of the frigates will inform himself at Gibraltar, if the aforesaid stores are not already come up the Mediterranean for the use of his Royal Highness. If the two frigates find that they cannot bring all the arms, lead, powder, and salt-petre, which is to come for the service of his Royal Highness ; that in this case they bring the powder aboard the frigates preferable to the other stores. You will recommend the utmost diligence and expedition to the Coramander of the said two frigates which you shall detach for this service. If you think Sig. Caraciolo deserves to be trusted, pray put him aboard one ofthe frigates, and order him to be delivered to the Prince of Hesse ; but let the Prince know that we do not answer for him. I ara, &c. To Capt, Dolman, 8fc, Hill. Mr. Hill sent a duplicate of this letter to Capt. Dolman, the 6th of May, and added what follows, viz : — I am persuaded that the Tartar and Newport will be proper for this service ; but I desire you will call all your Captains together, and re solve with them how to execute these orders, and when it is advisable to send the two frigates out of Genoa, with regard to the six French men-of-war who are now in that road. I am, &c. Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the 6th May, S. N., 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the Ifth past, when our physicians did believe that their patient here was at the last extremity. Since then we have certain assuran ces that Prince Eugene is come into Lombardy ; and he has laid pigeons to our feet, which have given us iraraediate relief, and have drawn down the raalignity of our disteraper from the head. That Prince has not yet raade, at least he has not yet communicated to us, his designs and his dispositions for the campaign. But we can perceive that the eneraies are drawing, in some haste, the greatest part of their forces from our frontiers ; that they are demolishing Verceil, Verrue, and Ivrea, with great diligence, in order to leave only a sraall gar- MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 539 rison in the citadel of Verceil, the donjon of Verrue, and the castillio at Ivrea. If Prince Eugene gets about 35,000 good raen together, as I suppose he will do, by the end of the next month, I believe the Duke of Vendome will then have need of all his troops in Lombardy, and leave the war in Piedmont en tirely to the care of La Feuilliade, who is expected now every day at Suze, where he proposes to assemble his little array, which cannot exceed, I believe, 12,000 men. There is a very great convoy arrived the last week at Genoa, with all raanner of stores and provisions for the Duke of Vendome's army, under the convoy of six large men-of-war. In this fleet were seven teen tartanes laden with corn for the use of the array, which is brought as far as from Burgundy, and will cost the French King, or his raunitionaires, almost twice as much as the same quantity might be bought [for] in Lombardy. But that King will have his soldiers eat their own country-corn. I was contented to find this convoy come with six great ships from 50 to 70 guns, because all their convoys came formerly under the care of one or two small frigates. However, the Queen's four frigates have now lost the dominion of these seas, and were forced to retire into the port of Genoa, where they are safe at present. " The great extremities we are under here, " for want of powder, have raade me consent to let two of "the Queen's frigates go towards Lisbon, to look for, and " bring the powder which was sent frora London for his Roy- " al Highness." The Intendant of Toulon has sent us very honestly the Lieut, of the Newport, and thirty searaen, who were taken by the French galleys off of Villa-Franca ; and he sent us, at the sarae tirae, forty more English prisoners to Genoa, where they got aboard the Queen's four frigates. The French, or Spanish agents have bought up all the gun powder which was to be had at Leghorn, and Genoa, not on ly for their own occasions, but to hinder their neighbours from buying it. General Dawn is arrived safe here from Vienna, and has brought bills of exchange for the value of 90,000 florins for the subsistence of the Imperialists which are in Piedmont. He has not brought any thing for the re mount of about 800 good troopers, which are afoot here. The poor Vaudois have sent their wives, and their children, and their cattle, down into the plains towards Saluzze, where his Royal Highness will give them bread, whilst the fathers, and the husbands, must help to defend the mountains, and the 3w2 540 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. valleys, against the Duke de la Feuilliade. I have now re ceived the honour of your letter, of the 23rd March, and have wrote to the Captains of the Queen's frigates to use all neu tral ships with great tenderness and civility, unless they car ry stores of war for her Majesty's enemies. By the last advi ces which we got from Toulon, it is said, that they were work ing there upon all their great ships ; but that there are not seamen enough to man them out yet. The Duke de la Feu illiade leaves about 2000 men in the county of Nice ; and when he is come on this side the Alps, I reckon that he will leave the coasts of Provence very ill-guarded. I have seen some letters from France, which say, that the ships which are fitting oiit this summer in the ports of West France were not to come into the Mediterranean, but were to be employed up on some design d'eclat nearer home. I have received the ho nour of a letter from Prince Eugene, in which he desires me to stay here till I hear farther frora him ; and I have put my self under his commands. I think I cannot do better than to engage rayself with so brave a Prince who came from Vienna, for our relief, without any money. I am, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges, Hill, From Mr, Hill to the Duke of Marlborough, Turin, the 6th May, 1705. My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Grace, the 28th past, when I feared the fever was getting up to our head. Since then we have heard that your Grace is come on this side the sea, which was a strong cordial for us. We know also that Prince Eugene is corae to the frontiers of Lombardy ; and he has laid pigeons to our feet, which have drawn down the malignity of our distemper. We now leave the Duke of Vendorae, and the greatest part of his army, to the care of Prince Eugene, on the Adige, the Mincio, and the banks of the Po. We are preparing here to deal with the Duke de la Feuilliade, who is coming into Piedmont with about 12,000 men, as near as I can guess. I fear Prince Eugene was forced to come away frora Vienna at last without his bills of ex change ; but I hope they will follow him. I have the honour of a letter frora that Prince, in which he desires rae to stay here till I hear from hira ; and I think I cannot do better than MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH, ETC- 541 to put myself under his commands. If your Grace had any considerations of the prisoners which the enemies keep in their hands in Lombardy, in the convention which is making below, I think it is now too late to give yourself any trouble for us. Of 10,000 men, which his Royal Highness has lost, I believe there are not 1500 of his soldiers left now (besides officers) in the enemies' prisons. The rest are dead, deserted, or gone over to the enemies. I believe Prince Eugene has a sufficient fund in his hands, out of his dividend at Hochstet, to ransom his own men, and ours frora the Duke of Vendome. We have very great attention here to your Grace's motions ; as if we ex pected salvation by your merits, and not by our own works. All we can do is, to employ above 100 battalions, and as raany squadrons, of the eneraies on this side the Alps this year, and let them do as they can. I am, &c. To the Duke of Marlborough, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Prince Eugene, Sec, A Turin, ce 9^ Mai, 1705. Monseigneur, J'ay re9U la lettre que Votre Altesse m'a fait I'bon neur de m'ecrire 1' 1 1° du mois passe, et corarae il lui a plu de rae I'ordonner, je me tiendray ici en repos jusques a ce qu'elle trouve occasion de se servir de moy. Quand V.A. le jugera a propos, je me rendray a ses pieds pour obeir a ses ordres. Je laisse aux autres le soin d'inforraer V.A. de la belle joye que nous avons eu ici de son arrivee en Lombardie ; et de la reconnoissance que nous luy devons tous du secours qu'elle nous porte. Je suis, &c. ^ Prince Eugene, Sec. Hill. Frangoise Rayne to the Duke of Savoy, La soussignee Fran9oise Rayne, femme de Jean Salliens, se jette tres humbleraent aux pieds de V.A.R., demandant pour I'amour de Jesus Christ son pauvre enfant que Madame de St. Agnes lui a ote. Elle se fie a la justice, a la bonte, et a la misericorde de V.A.R., qui doit sentir, et qui sente mieux que personne, ce que c'est que la tendresse des Parents, qui n'est pas moindre dans les coeurs de ceux a qui le bon Dieu n'a pas donne d'autres biens que leurs enfants, qu'elle est aux coeurs des Souverains. Une pauvre mere affligee se jette done encore 542 MEMORIAL OF FRANCES RAYNE. aux pieds de V.A.R., pour luy demander son enfant, que la loi de Dieu, les loix de toutes les nations, et les loix de V.A.R,, lui doivent faire rendre avant qu'elle sort de ses etats. Ne soiez pas insensible, Monseigneur, aux prieres, aux pleurs, et aux geraisseraens d'une pauvre femrae a qui on a voulu oter I'honneur, pour luy oter son enfant, qui sont les uniques biens qu'elle tient de la raain de la Providence, et qu'elle espere de conserver par la justice et par la protection de V.A.R. (Signe) Fran9oise Rayne, femme de J. Salliens. Fait a Turin, ce 8= Mai, 1705. From Mr. Hill to the Lord Treasurer. Turin, the ^ May, 1705, My Lord, I have received the honour of your Lordship's letter, of the 26th March, by the last post. And, at the same time, I received a bill of exchange from Mr. Fox for 106,666| crowns, with which I have paid her Majesty's subsidies here to the 3rd of August next. I am very glad that your Lord ship has been pleased to make an agreement with Sir T. Janssen for six months certain. For now it is known here into whose hands your Lordship's money is to come, his Royal Highness's treasurers can, upon any exigency, value them selves upon the hopes of those bills. But I do not desire your Lordship to be " more good and raore generous than you " have been hitherto." I did myself the honour to write to your Lordship, the 28th past, and if that letter is come to your hands, it will in great raeasure answer what you are pleased to say now, and which Mr. Secretary Hedges did explain to me in his letter, of the 27th March, to which I shall make a dis tinct answer to day. My Lord Peterborough has wrote to his Royal Highness upon the same subject. I doubt his Lordship " will not have so plain an answer as I shall make to Mr. Secretary ; but I am paid to tell the truth; and I must " tell your Lordship that we cannot spare 500 from hence, if "it were to take Toulon." If my Lord Marlborough's good genius, and P. Eugene's successes, and the operations of the Queen's fleet, do break our chains here, I shall be very dili gent, and give notice to Sir Cl. Shovell of what he may expect. The last bill, which your Lordship sent me, is all to be spent MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER, 543 in the repairs of our fortifications here at Turin. I think we are obliged to our good success at Gibraltar, and to the late defeat of Pointi, and to the eneraies' designs at Nice, where they leave eight battalions, that La Feuilliade is not corae by this time into the plains of Piedmont, with troops enough to shut us up close, under the cannon of Turin. If he stays a little longer, till Prince Eugene gets all his pieces together, and obliges the Duke of Vendome to draw all his forces down into Lorabardy, I care not how soon he coraes on this side the Alps. The Duke of Berwick has raade horrid work in Languedoc, as your Lordship will see by the enclosed. I am, &c. To the Lord Treasurer. Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, ,^ May, 1705. Sir, I am to acknowledge the receipt of the letter, with which you did honour rae, the 27th March, in which you are pleased to say, " that the Duke of Savoy had made overtures, " by the Count de Brian9on, for attempting Toulon with his " troops, in conjunction with her Majesty's forces that accom- " pany the fleet, &c. In answer to which, I must tell you, that " I have discoursed with his Royal Highness, who says,he gave " no such orders to his Envoy ; that it is not possible for him " to contribute any thing, at present, for so great, and so good, " a design ; that he has not troops enough to defend his capi- " tal, if he should be attacked, and that all the passages of " Savoy, and the county of Nice, being in the possession of " the enemies, it will not be possible to send any forces from " hence into Provence this year. I never knew his Royal " Highness speak raore plainly ; but he could not speak o- "therwise to me here, whatever his ministers raay say to " you, in hopes to get the fleet up into these seas. However, "his Royal Highness was the raore plain, because he hopes ''to get the fleet up this year as high as Nice, according to "his last projects, which you will have received. What I " hope and desire is, that the Queen's fleet will want no help " frora hence ; for I am sure it must expect none. I hope it " will be eraployed to purpose at Cadiz, or on the coasts of " Catalonia, or, at farthest, on the coasts of Provence, which 544 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. " must be left unguarded, if La Feuilliade comes with an ar- " my in Piedmont. I ara also persuaded, that if the fleet is "seen frora the coasts of Provence, the eight battalions, " which are in the county of Nice, will soon be recalled into " France, for the defence of their own coasts." Mons. d'Usson has offered our Governor of the castle of Nice to raise his blockade, and to be gone, if they would give him 50,000 crowns. I would rather give him 50,000 crowns to stay there all the summer with about 2600 enemies, " who would be more trou- "blesorae to us on the coasts of Provence. If the situation " of our affairs does alter here, as I hope it will, I will be very " careful and diligent to advise Sir Cl. Shovell of it. By our " last letters from P. Eugene, he tells us, that he intended to " take his course towards the Adda. If Providence does con- " duct him thither, we shall do well enough here. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. Mr. Hill to the Duke of Marlborough. Turin, May the ,|[^ 1705. My Lord, I did rayself the honour to write to your Grace, the 6th inst : " since then his Royal Highness has received a letter " frora my Lord Peterborough, who has been projecting with "Count Brian9on a great and glorious design upon Toulon. " I wish to God they could execute it. But I must assure " your Grace, as I have sent notice to London, that his Royal " Highness is not in a condition to contribute any thing to the " execution of such designs this year. We are very busy in " fortifying Turin, and have scarce troops enough to garrison "it. The enemies are also masters of all passages from " Ivrea to Nice ; so that without a very great superiority, of " which we have no hopes, we could not think of raeeting my " Lord Peterborough." La Feuilliade is not yet come on this side the Alps, nor can I yet judge what forces he will have with him, or what the Duke of Vendome will leave to act in concert with him. " What I ara sure of is, that we cannot " think of giving any assistance to my Lord Peterborough, on " the coasts of Provence. If his Lordship comes before Nice, " as his Royal Highness does now desire, we shall be able to "furnish an engineer, and some pilots to advise bis Lordship; " and the castle of Nice will help him to drive the French out MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. 545 " of the town." By our last letters from Prince Eugene, we are raade to hope that he will raarch to the Adda, when his troops are all joined. It will be very glorious for that Prince to force an eneray, equal at least to him in number, which is master of all the posts, and passes, and rivers, and which wants nothing of all those things which Prince Eu gene does want. I ara, &c. To the Lord Duke of Marlborough. Hill. Sir, From Mr. Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, the f^th May, 1705. I did myself the honour to write to you, the ^ inst., in answer to the letter which I received from you of the 27th March. I spoke so plainly to you, in my last, that I should need say no more to you concerning the proposition which you were pleased to make to rae, if my letter, of the j^^, is come to your hands. I told you " that his Royal Highness " denies to have given any such orders to Count Brian9on, at " least this year ; that he is far frora being in a condition to " contribute any thing to so good a design; that he does rather " desire the fleet raay come this year to deliver the castle of "Nice, and drive the eneraies frora thence, &c. What I "hurably desire is, that the fleet raay do the Queen's service, " whatever it is. If the situation of our affairs does alter here, " I shall advise Sir Cl. Shovel of it. But they raust alter a " great deal before the fleet can expect any help frora us here, "even for driving the eneraies out of Nice." His Royal Highness was pleased to communicate the last week to the Envoy of Holland, and to me, the addresses of sorae of his subjects for a raore open, and free trade with France. The Dutch minister could make no opposition to this : I could make little : that little would have been to no purpose. The trade can scarce be raore open than it is already : and I am sure there is no danger of sending any arras, or powder, or salt-petre, from hence into France, Some hemp will go hence into Provence, by the way »f Villa-Franca, now perhaps, which went before by the way of Genoa, I have seen sorae letters from Spain, which say that the magazines of Cadiz were ex hausted by tbe siege of Gibraltar, and that the Queen's forces would have no great work if they come before Cadiz, before 3x 546 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES, that place can be supplied with ammunition from France. I know that Mons. de Tesse had wrote to the P. of Vaudemont, even before the siege of Gibraltar, qu'il fallut un esprit plus qu' humain pour redresser les affaires de la Monarchic Es- pagnole. Our campaign is not yet begun here, and we can only expect and observe the raotions of the enemies. We are told that La Feuilliade was to be at Suze, the 25th inst.; and we are sure that great magazines of ammunition, and pro visions, are making there, and at Brian9on. We are told also that the enemies would form another carap, the 25th inst., on the other side of Piedmont, between Crescentin and Santia ; and we know that they have made magazines, and ovens, in abundance at Crescentin, and at Ivrea. His Royal Highness continues the fortifications of this town, and has drawn almost all his foot into it, except what is left in Chivas, and at Coni. He is sending his horse, and dragoons, as near to the frontiers as they can go ; some towards Suze ; sorae towards .A.st ; the rest to the Doire, towards Crescentin, Count Guido sent out a party of German horse last week : 500 of them passed the Doire, the Sessia, and the Tessin, raised contributions in the Milanese, and carried terror and amazeraent to the gates of Milan. They took the clothing of three French regiments of horse, which they found upon the canal which goes through Milan, with which our troopers made themselves fine. They pierced into the villages, where the equipages of Vendome, Bezons, and several other French Generals lay, in great secu rity, and brought off 80 fine horses. They met in their re turn, about five miles from Pavia, Mons. de Vaubecourt, who had followed them with four regiments of horse and sorae foot frora the garrison of Verceil. Our party charged this little army of the enemies with so much fury, that they broke through thera, or over them, and got clear of them. They raet another strong detachraent ofthe enemies' horse, near the Sessia, whom they charged with the same fury, and the same success : and last night our brave Major Phefercorne carae into his quarters, on this side the Doire, with 450 of his 500 raen laden with booty, and honour, and all the prisoners which were taken in the last action. Those who were taken before were not trusted to be spectators now. This action decides nothing, but that our Gerraans are better raen than the French, and can beat them when they have a mind to it. It will also retard the designs of the enemies for some days, and will let MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 54'7 P. Eugene see that we are still alive, and struggling for life. I must acknowledge the receipt of your letter, of the 3rd April, which brought me a duplicate of yours, of the 27th March, and no other commands. I ara, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the ^th May, 1705. Sir, I think rayself obliged to give you a short account of soraething which has happened here very lately, which you will please to communicate, or not, to the Queen, or her Coun cil, as you judge best. A certain French refugee, who had lived with his family, sometimes in Switzerland, and sometimes at Geneva, came hither about six months since, with his wife, and three children, the eldest of which is about nine, or ten years old. He came hither by contract and agreement with an hospital here, to settle a fabric of woollen stockings ; and served like an honest raan, to the satisfaction of the Go vernors ofthe hospital. It happened, about eight weeks since, that he had lost his eldest son, and, in ten days' search, could discover no footsteps of him. At last a charitable priest, per haps the same who had stolen him from his parents, for a reward of 30 crowns, shewed the poor father the house where his child was. The father and raother went immediately, and begged the mistress of the house to deliver them their child. The godly woraan, whose devotion it seems lies towards the kidnapping protestant children, refused absolutely to deliver the child, upon pretence that he had a mind to be a christian, that is a papist. The poor parents came to me, under very great sense of their affliction, and desired my assistance. I undertook to deliver a petition for them to his Royal High ness ; and I did present it, the 10th April, in the name of the father and mother, of which I send you here a copy.' The Duke was pleased to refer that petition to some of his minis^ ters who reported, that the child had disowned his father, saying he was born of another father, before the marriage of his mother to this husband, and that he had a mind to be a Roman catholic. The father and mother affirm positively that their child has been suborned to say so. The woman says she never had any other husband, and she produces a good contract ' See page 527. 3-X.2 548 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. of raarriage with this present husband, dated almost eleven years since, and the child does not appear to have ten years of age. However, we were condemned to prove our filiation : this we thought hard, because we can do no raore than prove our raarriage, and that we were in possession of our child, had bred hira up, and brought hira into this country, and nobody appeared who did pretend any title to our child. I was then desired to present a petition in the name of the raother alone, concerning whom there is no doubt. I did so, and I send you here a copy of that petition.' I did, at the same tirae, earnestly beseech his Royal Highness to give us our child, as not being at age, according to his own edicts in favour of the Vaudois, nor according to the practice of the Inquisition, the raost se vere of all tribunals, to choose a religion, and under pretence of that choice to be taken from his parents. His Royal High ness told rae, that he had given us an answer already. I re plied that we had an answer to our first petition, by which our child was to reraain in a magistrate's hands till the father had proved his right to him ; but that we found our child was al ready sent back to the person who had stolen him ; and that we could not think him safe in those hands. And, therefore, I desired an answer to this petition of the mother, who would be the best guardian of her own child ; that if he pleased to refer us to the Senate, or to the Inquisition, for an answer, we must subrait to it. His Royal Highness has now sent us to the Senate ; and the poor parents raust go plead there for their child, if they will have hira. They are made to believe that the process will last till the child is twelve years old, and then he may renounce his parents for the Roman catholic religion ; and it is likely that he will do so, since he is to remain in the hands of those who stole him from us, till the process is end ed. I was careful not to name the Queen in ray solicitations ; and I shall not have any thing to do with the Senate, or In quisition, to which I raust leave the poor parents, who are not subjects to her Majesty ; but as they, are poor wandering refugees, under the protection of no Sovereign, and whose sufferings do in sorae measure entitle them to her Majesty's protection, and charity, I must own that I was a little warm in the prosecution of this cause, and I told one of the Duke's rainisters that I had desired this child for his poor parents par voyede grace; that! did desiie him par voyede Justice; but ' See page 541 , MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 549 that I saw little hopes to have him any way ; that I had no orders from the Queen in this matter, and knew not if it was worth her consideration ; but that I thought I had deserved myself so rauch favour frora his Royal Highness, by my zeal and attention for his service, as that he would, for my sake, sur render a poor child to his parents, who were all strangers, and would be gone out of his dominions whenever he pleased ; that I thought his Royal Highness's interest, or glory, or conscience, would not suffer, if there should be, by this act of his goodness, one protestant raore in the world. I was sure that what I said would be told to his Royal Highness, and, therefore, I tell it you very plainly. I think I shall meddle now no raore in this raatter, unless you give rae any directions in it. Perhaps I have done too little ; perhaps I have done too much already ; but I could not in conscience do less, for poor people who carae sometimes to worship God in ray fa mily, and have no other crime that I know of. It is indeed supposed, but it is not proved, that this child had another father, and that is the only reason which is given, why he is taken from his mother. I am &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Lord Treasurer, Turin, the ^th May, 1705. My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Lordship, the ,^ inst., in answer to what you were pleased to say to me in your letter of the 26th March. I did also write very plainly to Mr. Secretary Hedges on the sarae subject ; and I raust once more desire your Lordship to raake no account upon us " here, for any designs, which the Queen's fleet may have this " year, upon the coasts of Provence. I cannot sleep in quiet " until I am satisfied that I have assured your Lordship, that " we cannot possibly think of looking over the Alps this year. " I see nothing which can happen, in the corapass of one cara- " paign, to put us in that condition, I ara so positive in what " I say, not only frora the consideration of our weakness here " at present, and the superiority of the eneraies, with regard " also that they are masters of all the passages on both sides " of the Alps ; but also because the Iraperial troops, which are " with us here, will never be willing to go that way, nor able ; " and his Royal Highness has more tender considerations to- 550 MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. " wards the Montferrat, and the Milanese, than towards Pro- " vence. I did rayself tbe honour to advise your Lordship " the last year, that we shall never want some project here to " get the fleet up into these seas every summer. His Royal " Highness played that game almost every year the last war, " andi he found his account in it." Our campaign begins to open now here, and, by what I can see yet, we shall have to do only with about 14 or 15,000 raen, which the Duke of Vendome can spare, who are assembling at Crescentin. The troops, which La Feuilliade was to bring into Piedmont by the way of Pignerol and Suze, are ordered to march back again into Provence, and Languedoc, and me coasts of Cata lonia. Those fellows in red coats, who are put aboard the fleet, do give disquiet to the enemies from Calais to Nice ; and I hope they will find sorae place unguarded. I am, &c. To the Lord Treasurer, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Lord Treasurer, Turin, the Ifth May, 1705. My Lord, It is now almost two years that I am out of England ; and I hurably desire your Lordship to give me leave to set ray face towards home. It was in obedience to your Lordship, that I undertook this long journey ; and I will not think of leaving my post here, or desiring ray demission from Mr. Secretary Hedges, until I have your Lordship's consent and approbation. I have no thoughts of quitting this service before the end of the campaign, unless the orders which I am under should o- blige rae to go to Venice. It will be two raonths before I can receive your Lordship's orders: it will be two months raore before I can receive the Queen's pleasure frora Mr. Se cretary, and I will not precipitate any thing, which may be contrary to her Majesty's service. I brought a Lieutenant with me hither, Mr. Chetwynd,' a very honest, and a sober gentle man, who is ready upon the place, if your Lordship pleases to let him take up the business when I lay it down. I should be less solicitous for your Lordship's leave to be gone from hence, if my residence here was more necessary to the Queen's ser vice ; and if I had not, and did not, suffer here a great deal ¦ Mr. John Chetwynd, of Ingestre, Co. Stafford; afterward second Viscount Chetwynd. MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. 551 with regard to ray health, which is not able to bear the extrera ities of this cliraate; but in this and every thing else I am, &c. To the Lord Treasurer, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, pth May, 1705. Sir, I ara to acknowledge the receipt of the letter with which you did honour rae, the 10th past. I had no difficulty to persuade his Royal Highness that it was not practicable for Sir John Leake to come to the relief of Nice and Villa- Franca, as Count Brian9on had desired ; since if he had been ordered to come, it is very plain that he would have come too late. " However, his Royal Highness does still hope that be- "fore the end of the summer the fleet will come to drive the " enemies frora Nice and Villa-Franca. The Queen will please " to give what orders she thinks fit. I will give Sir Cl. Shovel " the raost exact account I can of the condition that place will " be in, when he is near these seas." Our carapaign does now begin to open here, and the prospect is not so ill as was ex pected. The enemies are assembling at Crescentin, and have drawn all their troops from the Astesan, and the Montferrat, Verceil, and the Biellois ; which are marching to a carap which is marked for them between Fontanelle and Santia. They do propose to have in this camp about thirty battalions, and forty-five squadrons, which will make about 14 or 15,000 men. This army was to be coraraanded by Mons. de Vaubecourt, who was killed in the late excursion which our Germans made into the Milanese, and it falls now into the hands of Alber- gotti, for want of a better. His Royal Highness is assembling his army near Chivas, in order to hinder the enemies from coming over the Doire. The Duke de la Feuilliade, who was to be at Suze, the 10th inst., and was to besiege, or bombard, us at least in Turin, does not yet appear ; and the troops, which he had already sent to Suze, to Brian9on, and to Pig nerol, which hung over us like a black cloud, are now raarch- ing back into Dauphine, and are to go into Languedoc, Pro vence, and Catalonia, for the defence of those coasts. If any of them can be spared from that service they will be sent, I be lieve, through Savoy, and through the Valley de Aoust, to reinforce their array which assembles near Crescentin, from whence the Duke of Vendome must strengthen his army in 552 MR. HILL TO MB. SECRETARY HEDGES. Lombardy, according to the necessities which Prince Eugene may impose upon hira if he once gets over the Mincio. This is our present posture to day. But it is plain that the ene mies have quite altered their designs in Italy since P. Eugene is come, and since the success of the Queen's arms at Gibral tar has given them great disquiet, and the ten thousand men aboard the fieet in red coats do carry danger with them from the coasts of Normandy to those of Nice. " I ara sorry and " ashamed to tell you, that his Royal Highness will not be "able to bring 10,000 men to his camp at Chivas, though " the enemies should give us bond and judgment not to dis- " quiet us anywhere else." The enemies have been working these ten days past, at Nice, as if they would bombard the castle there : if they do so, I fear the eight battalions, which are now there, will be employed against us somewhere else. His Royal Highness is sensible of the Queen's goodness, in the orders which she was pleased to give to his Grace the Duke of Marlborough concerning the exchange of our Piedmontese prisoners. We have reason to complain of the Duke of Vendome's severity in that case. He looks upon the prisoners which he has made in Italy, at the Seccia, at Verceil, at Ivrea, and at Verrue, as the greatest ornament of all his actions : and he will not part with them, as he says, to pay for the follies which have been coraraitted in other places. He will not strengthen, he says, his enemies in Italy, by the restitution of his prisoners, for the sake of the Mareschals de Villars, and Marcin, who would be the better for the prison ers which my Lord Duke should send home. But what we have most to complain of is, that of more than ten thousand men, whom the Duke of Vendorae has taken from his Royal High ness, there are not left now in the prisons of Italy above 1500 Piedraontese, or Savoyards, besides officers. The rest are perished, or lost, or have taken on with the enemies ; and are sent to Spain, to the Rhine, or to the Moselle. If all the allies had eraployed as much vivacity and attention to make, and to use, all the prisoners they could make, as the Duke of Vendorae has done here, the eneraies would want both sea raen, and soldiers, much more than they do. An officer of his Royal Highness, by order of his master, has kept a cor respondence for twelve months past with a zealous Camisard. It is discovered now that this pretended Camisard was em ployed by the enemies all that while. You will find by the MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 553 enclosed memorial of Capt. Dolman to the Senate of Genoa, and by Consul Kirke's answer to it from the Senate, that the Duke of Tursis, or Duke of Doria, has declared war upon us, even in the port of Genoa. You will please to give what orders you think fit in this matter. In the raean tirae I have sent to Genoa, to desire that the Queen's subject raay be used like a prisoner-of-war at least, not chained to an oar. And I have offered to procure the liberty of the first Spaniard who falls into our hands, if the Duke of Tursis will release hira. His Royal Highness has drawn his garrison out of the citadel at Turin, and has put into it 5 or 600 German troopers, who were on foot. Letters frora Toulon say, they are working with incredible diligence upon all their great ships, and using all means possible to get them manned. I am, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to his Grace the Duke of Marlborough to the same purpose, the ^th May, 1705. From Mr. HiU to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, the 3rd June, S.N., 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the 27th past, and gave you the best account I could ofthe posture we were then ill here. Since then there is little alteration in the situ ation of our affairs. The troops under the command of La Feuilliade, which were at Suze, at Pignerol, and in the valleys of Lucerne, are now all raarching up the raountains, and we believe they will corae through the Tarentese to Ivrea, and so to the camp which the eneraies design to form upon the Doire; which is the army that is to make war upon us this summer in Piedmont, We cannot yet tell how strong that army will be ; because the enemies have changed their designs, and their measures very often, since P. Eugene is corae into Lombardy. They do still threaten to come and visit us here at Turin this suramer; but I can by no means be persuaded that they will be strong enough to execute those designs. We have been told that the Duke of Vendome had desired leave of the King, his master, to finish the conquest of Piedmont this summer ¦ and that his Majesty had graciously consented to it. But since P. Eugene is got on this side the Lake of Guarda, and by that means has no Mincio to pass ; and since the Prince has already a greater array with him than his Royal Highness 3 Y 554 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. has, we hope the Duke of Vendome will think the Prince more worthy, than we are, of all his indignation. The French have received the last week another great convoy of all sorts of military provisions, which came from Provence to Genoa under the convoy of four men-of-war. I have complained to you oft, and I cannot but complain still, that Genoa is tbe place d'arraes for the Queen's eneraies : and the French could not have carried on the war in Italy as they have done, with out the conveniency of that port. However, the French do not use those people much better than their enemies ; for they carried a Genoese ship into Toulon very lately, laden for Ali- cant and Cadiz. I had some account frora Toulon, last week, that the diligence with which they worked there on their great ships was soraewhat slackened, and that the Comte de Thoulouse was not yet arrived there. " I have letters from " the Queen's Arabassador, at Lisbon, of the 23rd April, by " which he says, he would send away the araraunition for his " Royal Highness very quickly, supposing he should get a " convoy frora Sir John Leake. However, I am not sorry " that I have sent the Tartar and Newport to meet those stores, " or to bring them. I have put the Lyrae, and Mary-Galley, " which are cleaning, and victualling, at Leghorn, under the or- " ders of Mr. Mitford Crowe. Our Court is gone into mourn- " ing here for tbe Emperor ; " and I thought I could not ex cuse myself from putting my equipage into the same colour, without demanding the Queen's orders, which I could not receive in less than two months. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges. Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to his Grace the Duke of Marlborough to the same purpose, the 3rd June, S.N., 1705. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Mitford Crowe. Turin, 4th June, 1705. Sir, The person who will deliver you this is sent by his Royal Highness, the Duke of Savoy, to Genoa, to receive about 3000 barrels of powder, some salt-petre, and lead, which will be despatched thither by Mr. Methuen, the Queen's Ambassador at Lisbon. What I humbly desire of you is, that you will assist his Royal Highness's officers in ordering the Queen's people to deliver every thing to them, taking a receipt for every thing which they deliver: of which MR. HILL TO MR. MITFORD CROWE. 555 I must desire you to send me a copy. I believe these provi sions will corae aboard two transport-ships to Genoa, under the convoy of some of the Queen's ships : and it is so rauch for the service ofthe Queen, and her allies, that these provi sions should be sent speedily, and safely, to Oneiglia, that I raust beg of you to help us with your advice, and authority. I believe the Duke of Savoy will send some vessels to Genoa to receive all, or part of, these stores ; but ifthe vessels which come are not sufficient to carry thera all, I believe it will be ne cessary to let the English go as far as Oneiglia with what the Duke's vessels cannot take, and the Queen's ships-of-war raust convoy them as far as Oneiglia, where the provisions are to be landed ; and from thence they may continue their course to the Straits, or where they are ordered. I am, &c. To Mr. Mitford Crowe, Sfc. Hill. Mr. Hill wrote, June 4th., to the ambassador Methuen con cerning the powder, lead, &c ; and sent him an account of the situation of affairs in Italy, and of the castle of Nice. From Mr, Hill to Captain Dolman. Turin, the 8th June, S. N., 1705. Sir, By virtue of her Majesty's coramands, signified to me by the Right Honourable Mr. Secretary Hedges, you are to put the two frigates, the Lyme and Mary-Galley, under the directions of Mitford Crowe, Esq., who is now at Genoa. I do therefore desire you to follow his orders and directions, according to the Queen's intentions. 1 am, &c. To Captain Dolman, 8fC. Hill. From Mr. Hill to Admiral Sir Cl. Shovel. Turin, the 8th June, 1705. Sir, I am ordered by the Right Honourable Mr. Secretary Hedges, to give you the best account I can of our affairs here. I shall obey those orders with pleasure if any thing doth come to my knowledge, which raay be worth your attention, in which case also I shall do myself the honour to write to the Right Honourable my Lord Peterborough. Our carapaign is now begun in Italy. The enemies are yet superior to the allies, and do threaten to corae and besiege, or bombard Turin. But P. Eugene is getting his army together upon the Mincio, 3y2 556 MR. hill TO SIR CLOUDESLEY SHOVEL. and will, we hope, be so strong by the end of this month, that the Duke of Vendorae will be obliged to carry the greatest part of his forces down into Lorabardy, and then we must do as well as we can with the rest here. The enemies are mas ters of the towns of Nice, and Villa-Franca, and of the port there, and of the castles of St. Hospitio, and Montalban. The castle of Nice does still hold out for his Royal Highness, the Duke of Savoy, and it is rather blocked up, than attacked, by eight French battalions, which make about 2,500 men. His Royal Highness has "desired. of the Queen, and does " passionately desire, that the fleet raay come, and drive the " enemies thence. If you have any such orders frora her " Majesty, I believe the execution will not be difficult. I shall " prepare an exact plan of the place, and have an engineer, " and some pilots, ready at Oneiglia for you, if you come so " high. I must own to you that I hope the Queen's fleet will " do rauch greater things this summer, and more important " for the good of Europe, in which also the Duke of Savoy " will find relief. Mr. Crowe is better posted than I am, and " will give you quicker advices than I can. I have put the " Lyme and Mary-Galley under his orders for that purpose." The Duke of Tursis, or Duke of Doria, keeps in chains a gun ner's mate of the Newport, who was so silly as to go aboard his galleys in the port of Genoa. You are like to raeet these galleys this suramer, and I hope you will revenge this affront put upon the nation by the said Duke of Tursis. I am, &c. To Sir C. Shovel, Sec, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the 10th June, S. N., 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the 3rd inst : since then I have received the honour of your letters, of the 17th, and 27th, April. I have already begun to correspond, as you bid rae, with Sir Cl. Shovel by the help of Mi'. Crowe's frigates. I will also write to ray " Lord Peterbo- " rough ; and I ara preparing for him the raost exact plan " I can of Nice, and Villa-Franca ; and I will have an engi- " neer, and some pilots ready, at Oneiglia, for his service, if " the fleet comes up as high as Nice." The eneraies assem bled their army at Crescentin upon the 8th, and inarched that MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 557 very day as far as Zian, and Salugio, and encamped between those two places, on the banks of the Doire. We are told that they have now, or will have, 16,000 foot, and 6000 horse ; which the Duke of Vendome commands himself, as if he thought to make an end with us here, and go down time enough to Lorabardy. Others say the Duke de la Feuilliade, or the Mareschal de Vauban, is to come and command this army, that the Duke of Vendome may go to assist his bro ther beyond the Oglio. His Royal Highness went hence up on the 7th, and drew his little army together on this side Chivas : which post he is fortifying as well as he can. Ifthe enemies will pass the Doire, we cannot help it. Their great est incumbrance will be from their own mighty train of artil lery, their bombs, and their mortars, which have frightened our people of Turin to that degree, that we have need of all the courage, the constancy, and magnanimity of our incom parable good Duchess to keep up their spirits. His Royal Highness has sent an officer to day to Prince Eugene, to give him an exact account of the condition we are in here. The Duke of Vendome has carried his severity to our prisoners one step farther now. He has ordered almost all the sol diers, and a good many officers, to be sent to Genoa, and to be erabarked there for France. The soldiers will serve for recruits : the officers will perish with misery and necessity, or get into the French service also. Some of thera have already taken that resolution, not being able to bear any longer the extreraities of so long a confinement, or not having means to subsist in an enemy's country. If all the allies had used their prisoners everywhere, as the Duke of Vendome has done his in Italy, he would not be in a condition now to use us as he does here. Last night the enemies seized upon all the fords over the Doire. This day his Royal Highness was a horse back at three o'clock, and marked out a line of communica tion between Chivas and the Po, where he will lodge his in fantry with a good retrenchment before thera, on which 1500 raen are working. Our horse are encamped on the other side of Chivas, and are covered by a littie river, and an inunda tion which we have made by the help of some sluices. We have a bridge over the Po, at the end of our line of corarauni cation, to serve us upon occasion. I hear frora Toulon that seven of the biggest ships of three decks are fitted and equip ped, and are already in the road. There are still seven or 558 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES, ETC. eight battalions of the eneraies in the Valley de Perouse, or in Savoy, which are not yet determined, whether they are to come over the Alps, or to go to the coasts of Provence, and Ca talonia. I ara, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to his Grace the Duke of Marlborough at the sarae tirae, &c. From Mr, Hill to Admiral Sir Cloudesiey Shovel, Turin, the ^ June, 1705. Sir, I did rayself the honour to write to you, the 8th inst; and I then gave you a short account ofthe situation of our affairs here. Since then the Duke of Vendome iscome nearer to us here, with an array which is superior to us. He is now within twelve railes of this town, and threatens to bombard, or to besiege us. We must expect relief and deli'Verance from our friends. What I ara to tell you to day is, that the French " are fortifying at Nice, and at Villa-Franca, the places where " it is raost easy to approach by sea, or to land men, or artillery, " as if they did expect you there." I shall take all the occasions which I can to write to you, or to my Lord Peterborough, so soon as I hear of your being come nearer to us. I am, &C. To Sir Cl, Shovel, 8fc, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to his Excellency Mr. Methuen at the same tirae, &c. From Mr, Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges, Turin, the ^th June, 1705, Sir, I did rayself the honour to write to you, the 10th; since then I have received the comraands which you were pleased to send rae to stay here, which I shall obey, &c. On tbe 1 1th and 12th, the enemies marched up the Doire, almost as high as Ivrea, and passed it there. On the 13th, they came down on this side, almost to Chivas, where they were surprised to find that his Royal Highness would abide them. On the 15th and 16th, they raade their bridge over the Doire, and brought up their artillery from Crescentin, which is indeed much greater than would be necessary for the destroying of MB. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 559 Chivas. I came from thence yesterday, and left his Royal Highnes,s in all the tranquillity which a great courage is able to inspire into a Prince. He is resolved to give the Duke of Vendome as much trouble, and as rauch cereraony, as he can at Chivas ;, not only to cov er Turin, but to give time to Prince Eugene to exert himself, for his own honour, and our salvation. His Royal Highness received some letters yesterday from that Prince, which give us great hopes that we should soon hear from him on this side the Oglio. We had need of those let ters, and of those hopes, to keep our ladies from running out of Turin. We are doing everything which we can, to make the best defence that is possible in Turin ; " but we hear ijo- " thing yet of tbe powder, and lead, which should come from " Lisbon," and which is absolutely necessary here. This day tbe enemies are marched up as near as they can to the walls of Chivas ; but they must drive us out of our carap before they can invest the place. An officer, corae lately from Toulon, as sures rae, that there is no appearance of any fleet to go to sea this suraraer, so long as the Queen's fleet is likely to be in the Mediterranean. But they are still working at Toulon, as if they would have a fleet ready for any occasion, at the end of the suraraer. I have told you that the French have left eight battalions at Nice, and Villa-Franca, which block up the castle of Nice. They have soraetimes made a show, as if they would bombard, or attack, that castle. They are now working, as if they raeant only to fortify all the approaches frora sea, as if they expected a visit from Lord Peterborough. It is a cora fortable thing to see the Queen's fleet carry terror along the coasts from Calais to Nice. The next week I may be able to tell you what will be our fate here. I ara, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to the Duke of Marlborough to the same purpose, tbe ,^th June, 1705. From Mr. Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the |fth June, 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the 17th : since then I have no commands from you. I am just come from the camp, which is on the tops of the hills over against Chivas, where his Royal Highness has posted himself, and raost of his 560 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. foot, and dragoons. The Duke of Vendome has spent the last week as we could desire. He carae over the Po, a little below Chivas, with eight battalions, thirty-four companies of grenadiers, a detachment of his carbiniers, and dragoons, with four pieces of cannon. With those forces he thought to drive his Royal Highness from all his posts on the hills, and we thought'he would be able so to do. But he succeeded very ill in his first attempt, where twenty five of our naked starved Heydukes defended themselves so well that fifty good Ger man foot came to their relief, and beat back the enemies with the slaughter of near two hundred ofthe raost eager of them. When the Duke of Vendorae had seen what opposition he was like to find, and looked upon us twelve hours in a constant disposition to attack us, he drew off at last, and went over the Po to his carap before Chivas, leaving only four battalions to secure the posts which he possessed on the other side the Po. Whilst the Duke of Vendorae was busied in those fruit less atterapts, his Royal Highness sent a good detachment of horse to alarm the enemies' camp as near as they could ; which succeeded so well, that four of our squadrons fell so heartily upon four French squadrons, who covered their work men, and were coraraanded by the Prince d' Elbeuf, that they entirely defeated thera, killing that Prince, and about 150 of his men, and cutting in pieces a party of eighty foot, who were coming to the assistance of their horse. Our horse troubled themselves with few prisoners in that action, making great haste to confirm every body in this opinion, that our German horse will always despise, and beat the French, when they can fairly corae at them. The Duke of Vendome is now con tent to carry on his siege before Chivas in the common forms, and his Royal Highness, who has preserved his communication with the place, will defend it as long as he can. In the mean time we sleep quiet in Turin, in full assurance that P. Eugene is raaking all the haste he can to do soraething for our deli verance. We have that Prince's word for it, which nobody can suspect ; and we have taken some letters frora the Grand Prior to his brother, which confirra our faith. I must not forget, that his Royal Highness was exposed to great fa tigues, and to great dangers, whilst he was labouring to defend his mountains. I think he had no better bed for three nights than his cloak, and a fascine. I am, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 561 Mr. Hill wrote to the Duke of Marlborough to the same purpose, the Jfth June, 1705 ; and sent the ratification ofthe private article relating to the pretended P. of Wales, &c., to Mr. Crowe, at Genoa, by Mr. Olivier, director of the posts to his Royal Highness, the ||th June, 1705. Mr, Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, Turin, the 1st July, 1705. My Lord, I received her Majesty's comraands, by Sir Ch, Hedges, to give your Excellency, and Sir Cl, Shovel, the best account I can of our affairs here. And in obedience to those commands I have already wrote twice to Sir Cl, Shovel, the 8th, and ,^ June. I raust now observe to your Lordship, that I find by ray letters from the Cockpit, ofthe 27th March, that " Count Bri- " an9on had made some proposals there, as if his raaster would " send a competent nuraber of his troops to assist your Lord- " ship in the execution of some designs upon Toulon this " year. I was surprised at those advices, and so soon as I " spoke of thera to his Royal Highness, he appeared raore " surprised than I was. He assured rae that he had given no " such orders to Count Brian9on to raake any such proposals " this year, for the perforraance of which he is in no condi- " tion, I did acquaint Mr. Secretary Hedges with this answer " of his Royal Highness, by ray letters of the 2nd, and 9th, " May, S. v., and assured him, at the same time, that it was " not possible to send any assistance to your Lordship from " hence for the execution of so glorious a design." I find now, by letters from Sir Ch. Hedges, of the 15th May, S.V., which I received three days since, " that Count Brian9on has been " making fresh proposals at London to the same purpose, but "in general terms, and upon a supposition of P. Eugene's " progress and success in Lorabardy. I shall write to day to " Sir Ch. Hedges, to let him see that his Royal Highness is " not, nor can be in any condition to send any raanner of as- " sistance to your Lordship in any design upon Toulon. I do " also think rayself obliged in honour and conscience to tell " your Lordship very plainly, that his Royal Highness wants " ten thousand men, to be in a condition to send five hundred to " meet your Lordship ; and that if he had any troops to spare " the enemies are so much masters of all the countries, and 3z 562 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. " ways, and passages, frora hence into Provence, that it is not " possible to think of finding any way of sending either horse, "foot, or dragoons, from hence into Provence, to meet your " Lordship on those coasts. I wish your Lordship raay be in "a condition to undertake, and to execute, any good and " great design with the Queen's forces; and I believe that no- " thing can be better than an attempt upon Toulon." An honest Englishman would be content to lie seven years in pur gatory, to see that town in flaraes. " But I must not suffer " your Lordship to be amused with the hopes of any assistance " from hence." The Duke of Vendorae has been these fifteen days last past, with " an army double to all the forces of his " Royal Highness," within ten miles of the gates of Turin. His Royal Highness has stopped the first fury of his enemies at Chivas, a post fortified in haste ; and we give fair play to P. Eugene, who is on his way to relieve us. "What his " Royal Highness does really desire of the Queen is, that your " Lordship should corae with the fleet, and land-forces aboard, " to relieve his castle of Nice, which is blocked up by the "French, who are masters of the town and county of Nice; " and of the town, port, and castle of Villa-Franca: " concern ing which, I will have the honour to write to your Lordship in my next. Sir Cl. Shovel has a key to the cipher which I make use of, if your Lordship has not. I am, &c. To the Earl qf Peterborough, Sec, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges. Turin, the 1st July, 1705, S. N. Sir, I have received the honour of your letter, of the 15th May, S. v., by which I find some new applications had been raade to her Majesty "by Count Brian9on, as if his master " might be able to furnish some number of horse to co-oper- "ate with the fleet, and the Queen's forces in an attempt " upon Toulon, &c." I hope. Sir, you would receive my let ters, of the ^, and |;th May, before the fleet sailed from St. Helen's, in which I told you very plainly what you might ex pect in that matter. I must now add " that his Royal High- " ness never did, nor does, think of giving this year any assist- " ance to any such attempt. He has not been in any con- " dition, these fourteen months past, to entertain one such MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 563 " thought. He wants, at least, 10,000 men, to be able to " spare 500 for any such design, how good and glorious soe- " ver it may be. And if he had 10,000 men raore than he " has now, I dare still venture to assure you, that he would "not spare 500 of them into Provence : and if he could, or "would, spare 500 or 5,000 men from hence, they can never " find the way to Toulon, whilst the enemies are masters of " Savoy, and the county of Nice." If I could speak more plainly to day I would ; because I fear I may have expressed myself very ill in my letters to you, or else you would very well know that it is not possible to give any kind of a,ssist- ance from hence to my Lord Peterborough, and so I shall advise his Lordship, though the situation of affairs should al ter in Italy as much as we can hope or wish. I have told you formerly, that we sleep still in Turin, by the vigorous and wonderful resistance which his Royal Highness makes at Chi vas. It is a fortnight that the Duke of Vendorae is besieg ing that place with about 20,000 raen. " It is a fortnight " thathis Royal Highness does defend that place with his army, " which consists of 8,000 men, Germans, and Savoyards, horse, " foot, and dragoons," which still maintain a communication with the town. Yesterday the Duke of Vendome came over the Po with a great detachment, and raade three vigorous at tacks upon an advanced post which his Royal Highness had retrenched, but was forced to retire with shame and confu sion, and the loss of 3 or 400 men. We lost a Lieutenant only, and ten raen of Stareraberg's regiraent, which had the honour of the day. His Royal Highness was present all the while with adrairable vivacity. This action will reprieve the fate of Chivas some days ; and that of Turin for as many. In the raean time we give fair play to Prince Eugene : that is sure. However, we are not yet sensible of bis being come to save us. The Duke of Vendorae leans hard upon us still, and leaves his brother to defend the Oglio, The Duke de la Feuilliade is corae over tbe Alps at last, and entered into Piedraont by the way of Suze, with about 3,000 fresh men. He is advanced to a place called Villar, half-way between Su ze and Turin, where he keeps himself close, as if he would look on during the siege of Chivas, and be at hand to act af terwards as he sees occasion. " The best of it is, these troops " with La Feuilliade are now out of the way of being sent to " the coasts of Provence, or Catalonia. My greatest affliction 3 z 2 564 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. " at present, is, that I can bear nothing yet ofthe aramunition " which is to corae from Lisbon, and which we want as much " as is possible." I ara, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. Sir, From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the 8th July, 1705. I did myself the honour to write to you on the 1st inst. The next day I received, what you were pleased to write to me, the 25th, and 28th May, S. V., frora his Royal Highness's courier. I went the day after to Chivas, to wait on his Royal Highness, and found hira very well pleased with the generous expressions of the Queen's goodness, and the care which her Majesty is pleased to take of him, which, he says, he will always deserve. I have wrote, and shall write, as oft as I can to purpose, to ray Lord Peterborough, and to Sir Cloudesiey. But I have desired his Royal Highness to write himself to Lord Peterborough, and he will do so. We are here desirous to get " the fleet as high as Toulon, in hopes " that the troops which are now at Nice, may then be recall- " ed thence for the defence of tbe coasts of Provence : or if " not, we suppose the fleet, when it is at Toulon, will be ea- " sily persuaded to come to Nice, to drive the French from " thence. I have sent two men, by different ways, to Tou- " Ion : if they return, I shall give the Admirals advice of what " they say." It is just three weeks to day, that the Duke of Vendome sups before Chivas. He supposed the Duke of Sa voy would not think of defending that post ; or that he could not hold it six days, and we were to be invested here in Tu rin, the 25th past : and we find that the Duke de la Feuilli ade was designed to come and join with his ten battalions, and three squadrons, before the gates of Turin. Our long resistance at Chivas, and Prince Eugene's good success on the Oglio, have obliged the eneraies to alter those measures; and La Feuilliade is now marched to join the Duke of Ven dome before Chivas. His Royal Highness did all that was possible to hinder that junction. But the Duke of Vendome sent 4,000 horse, and 2,000 grenadiers, to meet La Feuilliade, and to bring hira safe to his carap. A party of our horse, and some foot, went too near to La Feuilliade yesterday, and MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 565 suffered by it. The Duke of Vendome will have to night, if La Feuilliade gets to hira, 50 battalions, and 65 squadrons, before Chivas : he has already 44 pieces of cannon, besides raortars, in battery there, against the town, and against the cassines or cottages, which his Royal Highness entrenched in haste, and which the Duke of Vendome is forced to besiege with as much ceremony as the Prince of Baden besieged Lan dau the last year. We shall hold Chivas as long as we can hold these cottages, which his Royal Highness defends with his presence ; and if he can hold thera a week longer, it will equal in merit, though not in glory, the defence of Verrue. We lift up our heads here at Turin since Prince Eugene is on the Oglio ; but our women will not be quiet, till we hear that the Duke of Vendorae sends a reinforcement to his brother. The French have now in Italy a 110 battalions, and a 118 squadrons, which have been all recruited this winter. The four Irish battalions have been recruited by English prison ers, or deserters ; amongst whom are many searaen, who say they were forced, by misery and ill usage in France, to enlist themselves. Several of these are come hither, and I send all who are not willing to serve his Royal Highness to Genoa, to get aboard the Queen's frigates. Sir, I beg your pardon, if I step out of ray province to day to tell you, that the port of Leghorn is in many respects more commodious for the trade of Italy, and of the .Levant, than that of Genoa. Where one English ship comes to Genoa, I believe 20 do corae to Leg horn. I raust add that Genoa is of infinite advantage to the Queen's enemies in this war of Italy. Leghorn is of equal ad vantage to all sides ; though the inclinations of that Prince are partial to the Queen's enemies. I must add that the at- tachraent which the Genoese have to the two crowns, is founded upon the relation and interests which they have in Spain, and the mortal fear which they have of the French. All this is true in fact ; but I draw no consequences from it. I have seen an Italian Almanack which, at the middle of June, has these words — per capriccio di capitano segue gran disordi- ne. Ifthe anger, and hatred, and indignation, qf mankind is allowed to interpret that almanack, we have found out that ca pricious captain, and no waters can wash hira clean. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote the same day to the Duke of Marlborough. 566 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. Relation of the coasts of Nice, and the adjacent part of Provence, sent by Mr. HiU to Lord Peterborough. Turin, ^ July, 1705. On the easterraost point of Provence lies the town and the port of Antibes, distant about twelve railes frora Nice, or Villa-Franca. It has a pretty good raole towards the sea, which is defended with two little works, one over against the other : the one is an old castle, or citadel ; the other a new fort of four little bastions, (and a donjon in the raiddle,) which has a covered way which serves for a ditch. The said port of Antibes can harbour six or eight galleys at raost. The town is not great ; but the upper part of it is pretty well fortified towards the continent, with two bastions, and half moons ; a dry ditch with a covered way, and a glacis. The lower part of the town is only fortified with a wall, and by a simple par apet, or breast work, and is coraraanded frora sorae hills, which are within cannon-shot of the place. Five railes westward of Antibes by sea, within the cape de Garoupe, or Galeppe, is a great good bay, or road, called Gorgian, or Gulf-John, which is open and unfortified, and capable of receiving any ships ; frora whence there is a very easy descent ashore for all sorts of boats or barks. From this Gulf-John, or Gorgian, by land to Antibes, there are but three miles ; all plain level way ; and it is very easy to attack Antibes this way from the land- side, and by that way to attack the raole, and the works which look towards the sea ; or the lower part of the town which is least fortified. The Gulf-John, or Gorgian, is sheltered by the Isles of St. Marguerite, and St. Honore, which are about five railes westward frora the Cape de Garoupe, but do not hinder the coming into the Gulf. The two Isles are distant about a musket-shot the one frora the other ; each Isle has a sraall castle, or redoubt, capable of a garrison of 200 men : but there is seldom any thing but a few militia, or recruits, or prisoners in either castle. Antibes is a station for the French galleys whenever they go eastward, and there are usu ally four or five of the King's in that port worth destroying. About twelve miles east of Antibes lies the town, and castle, of Nice ; before which is a great open bay, but which is very dangerous for any ships, because it is open to the south-west, and south winds, which are the most violent in those seas, and there is no anchorage for any thing in this bay. A little mile MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 567 eastward of the castle of Nice, is the port of Villa-Franca, which runs deep into the land, and is only open to the south west, or south winds. This port is capable of 30 or 35 ships ; but there is no anchorage near the entry of the port. From the middle of the said port, where there are two little pillars, one on each side, to the bottora thereof, where lies the town and castle of Villa-Franca, there is very good anchorage from 12, to 20, and 30 fathoms of water. The entry into this port was defended by the castle, which lies on the left side, at the bottom of the harbour ; and since the French are masters of it, they have made a small battery a fleur d'eau about the middle of the port, on the left hand as one comes into it, on which they have set five or six guns. The castle of Villa- Franca was beaten almost to pieces by the Duke de la Feuil liade, in the late siege, and is not yet repaired, though the French have begun to work upon it. About a little mile eastward of the port of Villa-Franca lies the bay de St. Hos pitio, a good safe road, and good riding for about 25, or 30 ships. On the point of the promontory, which raakes this bay, is the castle of St. Hospitio, which defends the entry into it, and towards the bottora of the bay is the tower de Bo zo, which the French took at the beginning of the last siege of Villa-Franca; as the Mareschal de Catinatdid, when he be sieged and took Nice in the year 1691. At this place both Mareschal de Catinat, and Mons. de la Feuilliade, landed their artillery, their raortars, and their ammunition, with which they attacked and took the castles of Villa-Franca, and St. Hospi tio. It is to be observed that the French are now in posses sion of the town of Nice, and of all the county ; of the town of Villa-Franca, and of its castle; of the castle of Montalban, which is a little castle of four small bastions, on the top of the hills, between the towns of Nice and Villa-Franca ; as they are also ofthe castle of St. Hospitio, and the tower de Bozo, which they have fortified with three platforms, and fifteen pieces of artillery, and a ravelin, where they can post about 100 men. Lieut.-General Dussone comraands for the French in Nice, and has eight battalions, with which he does garrison all the places which are in his possession ; and keeps the castle of Nice closely blocked up by land; and there are five French gal leys in the port of Villa-Franca, which cruise in those seas, and endeavour to prevent anything coraing into the castle by sea. The castle of Nice is a good piece, and capable of good 568 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. defence, if it had a good garrison, and provisions, and ammu nition in proportion. The Marquis de Carrail is Governor, a very gallant raan, and equal to his trust. His garrison is re duced by desertion, and other accidents, to eight or nine hun dred raen ; which is less than what is required for the defence of the place, if it comes to be attacked with vigour, in due form. There is a place called Lympia, where a little stream falls into the sea, on the east side ofthe castle of Nice, which place being under the guns of the castle, boats, barks, and bri gantines can corae and land there, and disbark any thing on the shore, for the use and relief of the castle ; but there is neither anchorage, nor shelter, nor raooring for any boat there. At this place brigantines, cbaloupes, felouques, and corolines, come from Oneiglia, and the Genoese ports, and run in with the shore, between the easterraost part of the castle, and some rocks which appear, and there they land recruits, provisions, or refreshments, for the use of the castle, under the guns of the castle, and the defence of a small redoubt which the Go vernor has lately made ; in which he keeps a guard of 25 raen. The boats and barks which corae thus to Lympia are obliged to take the advantage of dark nights, or foul weather, to avoid the French galleys, of which five are in the port of Villa-Franca; two of which are constantly abroad when weather does permit. But boats and barks raay run ashore there, and disbark men in the day tirae, under the protection of sorae men-of-war, or frigates, which will keep the French galleys in awe within the port of Villa-Franca. The French have also at present three more galleys which ply between Antibes, Monaco, and Villa- Franca. Mons. Dussone, Governor for the enemies of the town and county of Nice, has reraoved his residence from Nice to Villa-Franca, where he is ordering things for the de fence of that port the best he can, in case the Queen's fleet should corae so high, in order to attack hira, of which he seeras to be apprehensive, according to all the advices from those parts. Mons. Dussone has, as I said before, eight bat talions with hira, which raay raake about 2800 raen, reckon ing 350 per battalion, for the defence of Nice, and Villa- Franca, and the several posts. He usually leaves In the town of Nice, about 1300, In the town and castle of Villa-Franca 600, In the castle of Montalban 100, In the castle of St. Hospitio 200, MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 569 At the tower de Bozo 100, At other posts in the county of Nice 400, 2700. If the Right Honourable, the Queen's Admirals, and Gen erals, do come up as high as Antibes, and to Gulf John, or Gorgian, where the fleet may ride safe, and perhaps attempt something to good purpose upon Antibes, I do then humbly desire that they will despatch one or more frigates eastward to Genoa, where they will find letters from Mr. Crowe, and from me, containing the best intelligence which we can get ; but if the Admirals send any coraraands for me by those fri gates, I desire they will leave thera, as they go by for Genoa, at Oneiglia, which is a little place belonging to his Royal Highness, and lies about thirty railes eastward of Nice. The Governor of Oneiglia, called the Marquis de Pallavicini, if he is required, will send rae those commands by express to Turin ; and my purpose is to go down then to Oneiglia, where I wiU have some pilots ready, whora the frigates may take up at Oneiglia, in their return from Genoa, and carry them to the Queen's fleet. I will also endeavour to have an engineer of his Royal Highness, and sorae officers who are well acquain ted with the situation of Nice, and Villa-Franca, with the best plan of those places which I can get, all ready to corae a- board your frigates off of Oneiglia, to be carried to the fleet. It is the common opinion of all understanding people here, that if the Queen's fleet does come as high as Nice, and can put 4 or 5000 men ashore at Lympia, under the castle of Nice, which is described before, that it will be very easy to drive the French out of Nice, and Villa-Franca, by the help, assistance, and advice of the officers and garrison which are in the castle of Nice. I have sent to the Marquis de Carrail, Governor of the said castle, to have his advice, and a project, or disposition, for the execution of this design, which I will have ready at Oneiglia to send to you by the engineer and pilots. This design of driving our common enemies out of the town and port of Villa-Franca, and out ofthe town and county of Nice, is what his Royal Highness has earnestly recom raended to the Queen's goodness and generosity, not only for the recovery of so rauch of his dorainions, but also to open a coraraunication, by sea at least, with his allies, and the rest of the world. I find his Royal Highness does also believe that 4a 570 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. what he has done or suffered, and what he does now do and suffer, for the coraraon interests, all which he does assert with all the courage, and patience, and magnaniraity imaginable, will have raoved her Majesty to give all necessary instructions to her Admirals for his relief. I raust add that the break ing of that part of his Royal Highness's chains towards Nice, will give a great idea of the Queen's goodness and generosity to her allies, and raise the glory of her Majesty's arms in these parts of the world : and will be of great consequence to the allies for carrying on the war in Italy. By all our advi ces from Nice and Villa-Franca, it does appear, that the French do expect a visit from the fleet, and are preparing for their own defence. But I do not see that they do or can ex pect any raore troops for the security of their conquests there; and those which Mons. Dussone has with hira are not thought sufficient. I ara endeavouring to get assurance from his Royal Highness, that he will send some of his troops and mili£a to attack, or to disquiet, the enemies in the county of Nice, from this side, at the sarae tirae in which the Queen's fleet appears off of Nice. And if our affairs do prosper here in Piedraont, I do not doubt of this assistance frora his Royal Highness, which I shall not fail to solicit. By the last advi ces frora Nice, I find that the brigantines and corolines from Oneiglia had carried 200 recruits, and 700 sacks of meal, to the castle of Nice, all which they landed safe at Lympia the last week. The same advices say that the French do work at Nice and Villa-Franca as if they would abandon those places at the sight of the Queen's fleet ; and it is added that several ofthe French officers have already sent their equipages and baggage frora Nice, over the Vaar into Provence. [ To the Earl of Peterborough,] Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, Turin, the ^^ July, 1705. My Lord, I did rayself the honour to write to Sir Cl. Shovel, the 8th, and 14th June, S. N., and I had the honour also to write to your Excellency, the 1st inst. In ray two letters to Sir Cl. Shovel, I told hira in what posture we were then here ; and in my letter to your Lordship I told you plainly, that you MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 571 mustby no means expect to meet any troops, or any assistance, this year from the Duke of Savoy, for the execution of any design which you raay have upon Toulon. His Royal High ness has no troops to send that way : if he had any to spare, the enemies are so entirely masters of all the passages between Piedmont and Provence, that his Royal Highness can send nothing frora hence thither, until you come and drive the French out of the town and county of Nice. The Duke of Savoy has wrote his own sense, at my request, to your Lord ship, in the enclosed. But his Royal Highness perhaps will scarce speak so plainly as I do ; because he hopes that the appearance of tbe fleet, and your atterapts upon Toulon, or other places on the coasts of Provence, raay chance to oblige the enemies to draw their troops frora Nice, for the defence of their own places ; and because he supposes that when the Queen's fleet is as high as Toulon, it will not then be raueh out of your way, or rauch tirae lost, for you to come, and drive the enemies out of Nice. When I did write last to Sir Cl. Shovel, and your Lordship, we were in expectation of being besieged here in Turin by the Duke of Vendorae, who had his orders, and had an army of above 20,000 men, with artillery, and amraunition in proportion, within ten miles of our gates, prepared to execute those orders. The Duke of Savoy has stopped his enemies, even beyond our hopes, 23 days before a little ill place called Chivas, and has given time to P. Eugene to advance in Lombardy ; and now that Prince is passed the Oglio with great and glorious success, we hope he will flnd work enough for the eneraies to defend the Duchy of Milan : and we begin to sleep in quiet in Turin. That Prince got his troops together, making about 30,000 raen, by the end of June, having got on this side the Mincio in spite of the Grand Prior. By the 1st, and 2nd July, he was got to the Oglio, where he took Palazzuolo, and Ponte Oglio, and raade nine battalions prisoners-of-war. Six of the nine were Spanish battalions ; which we say were sacrificed by the French. The Prince pushes now forward as fast as he can to the Adda ; and Milan is now in as rauch danger frora hira, as Turin is frora the Duke of Vendome. I must not forget to tell you that the Duke de la Feuilliade is come over the Alps to join the Duke of Vendorae with ten battalions, and three squadrons, of those troops with which he besieged and took Nice. This renfort with La Feuilliade is 4a2 572 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. a new weight upon us here, and we do feel it. But I am well pleased with it, since those troops are now quite out of your way, and can give you no disturbance, either on the coasts of Nice, Provence, or Catalonia. We are just now informed that the Duke of Vendome is going himself down to Lombardy, with a great detachment, to the assistance of his brother, against Prince Eugene : and the D. de la Feuilliade is to carry on the war here in Piedmont, where he still remains superior to us in numbers. I would take leave to advise your Lordship, as 1 have done all the Queen's officers when it comes in ray way, that the French have raade cruel war upon us here in Italy by keeping all the prisoners which they have raade with great severity, by which means they have disarmed almost his Royal Highness, and have recruited their own armies with the prisoners which they take from the allies, by sending those which they take in Flanders, or at sea, to Italy, and Spain ; and those which they have taken in Italy, and Spain, down to the Rhine, or the Meuse. I am, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough, Sec, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to his Excellency Mr. Methuen, at the same tirae, concerning the powder, lead, &c. ; and sent him an ac count of the situation of affairs ; which letter, with the one to Lord Peterborough, and one from the Duke of Savoy to his Lordship, Mr. Hill sent to Mr. Crowe, at Genoa, per express, to forward by the first occasion, telling him that they had no news yet of the powder. Mr, Hill to the Earl of Peterborough. Turin, ^, July, 1705.' My Lord, I did rayself the honour to write to your Lordship at large, the ^^ inst. ; and I sent you the best account which I could get then of our affairs. I sent your Lordship a letter from his Royal Highness ; and I sent you a relation of the condition which Nice is now in. I have this day received a farther account frora Nice and Toulon, which I send you here enclosed, just as I receive it. Our little town of Chivas ' Concerning this letter, Mr. Hill writes thus : " N. B. I did not send this letter to my Lord Peterborough, because I wrote to Sir Cl. Shovel." MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 573 does hold out still, and has equal merit, and equal honour, to that of Verrue. In the raean tirae Prince Eugene is raarch ing to the Adda; and we are in great impatience to hear that he has passed that river. The Duke of Vendome went, tbe j^, from Chivas, with about 6000 men, to the assistance of his brother ; and the Duke de la Feuilliade commands now the enemies' army in Piedmont ; which is still superior to that of his Royal Highness. I must repeat to your Lordship, that you must expect no assistance from us here on the coasts of Provence. If you do come as high as Nice, we shall do all that is possible to assist you, and shall be able to do what I proraised in my last, of the ^^. Prince Lewis and his Ger raans disappointed ray Lord Duke of Marlborough on the Mo selle, where his Grace had endeavoured to force the enemies to a battle. When he saw the French would not fight, nor Prince Lewis corae to besiege Saar Louis, our Duke made haste down to the Meuse with the Queen's army to save Liege, and the frontiers of Holland, where the Elector, and Villeroy, were domineering. The French abandoned the town of Liege, and the siege of the citadel there, so soon as they heard that our Duke was coraing. The letters from Spain say, that the French had seized upon the Marquis de Leganez by or der of King Philip, and had sent him prisoner to France. I told your Lordship in my last, that P. Eugene had taken six Spanish battalions prisoners-of-war, who had been abandoned by the French. I must now add that the Duke of Vendome will not suffer the said Spaniards to be exchanged ; because tbe French care not how soon they get rid of all the Spaniards who are in the Milanese. We are in the utraost extremity here for want of the ammunition which has been sent so long since frora London for the use of his Royal Highness. I ara, &c. To the Earl qf Peterborough, Sec. Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Lord Treasurer. Turin, the ,^ July, 1705. My Lord, I am to thank your Lordship for the honour of your letter, of the 1st June, which I received the last post. I am very glad to observe the good disposition of the Queen's fieet, and we expect to hear of thera with great impatience. We 574 MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. now find that Prince Eugene is come indeed into Italy. The Duke of Vendorae is gone at last to the assistance of his bro ther, with a detachraent of about 6000 raen. He has left the war in Piedraont to the care of La Feuilliade, who has brought about 4000 raen to join the array, which Vendome left him before Chivas, That little place holds out still to a miracle, by the courage, and constancy, and obstinacy, of his Royal Highness, who lays his hands, and his shoulders to a village, and to a cottage, and holds them fast. As near as I can now guess the Duke of Vendome, and his brother, are equal to P. Eugene in the number of their troops. They have the ad vantage in the possession of the towns, and passes, and rivers. But I think we have a superiority in the genius, the virtue, and capacity of P, Eugene, La Feuilliade will lean hard upon us here still, unless P, Eugene can do something deci sive ; because he has double the nuraber of troops, which we have, in Piedraont, But we have his Royal Highness, and Corate Guido, on our side. This is our condition here to day ; and therefore I have sent word to my Lord Peterborough that he raust not expect to hear of us this year at Toulon, I send a letter also to day to his Lordship frora his Royal Highness, in which he tells hira now that he can " send him no troops into " Provence, but invites his Lordship to come and drive the ene- " mies out of Nice. I send his Lordship the best account I " can of the state of affairs at Nice, and I do believe that if " the fleet comes up so high, it will not be very difficult to " drive the French frora thence. I shall be only in pain for " one thing, which is, that if the fleet should corae so far " this side Toulon, the eneraies' fleet raay get out thence, and "join the squadron from west France somewhere, and so be- " come superior to the Queen's fleet between it and home, " This consideration is grounded upon the advice I have from " Toulon, that they will have 43 ships there of-the-line ready "to go to sea this summer. But of this the Admirals will "judge best ; to whora I shall continue to send the best ac- " counts I can get, I have sent two raen lately to Toulon by " different ways, and expect them back quickly. If they con- " firm the advices which we have that 43 great ships are armed " there, the equipages and mariners belonging to so raany ships, " is a great garrison to the town, besides the arriereban and " militia of Provence, or sorae troops which are in Languedoc " which would be ready to corae thither upon the first alarm," MR, HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. 575 I must thank your Lordship to day for a bill of exchange, which I received the last week frora Mr. Bridges, with which I have paid his Royal Highness to the 2nd October, inclusive. It is truly from your Lordship that we receive our subsistence. His Royal Highness has lost | of his dominions ; the States are full eight months in arrear of the subsidies, which they ought to pay, taking them altogether, though the Province of Holland does pay a little better than the others. I am desired by his Royal Highness's treasurer here to acquaint your Lord ship, that he should be glad if the bills came hither upon Lullin and Nicolas, whose correspondent in London is Galdi ; because he finds some ease here frora the said Lullin and Ni colas, &c. I did only proraise to advise your Lordship, that if Galdi made an offer to your Lordship to give his bills as cheap as others do offer theirs, I would say that Galdi's bills would be more welcome than other bills. I believe Count Brian9on will say as much to your Lordship. What I know is, that we are much better in your Lordship's hands than we should be in our own. I did myself the honour to write to your Lordship, the ||th May, desiring your leave to petition the Queen, and Mr. Secretary Hedges, for liberty to return from hence, at the end of this campaign ; and I ara forced by the ill state of ray health in this violently hot clot climate, to renew my request to your Lordship, which T do with the more confidence, because I ara. Sec. To the Lord Treasurer. Hill. From Mr, Hill to Admiral Sir Cloudesiey Shovel, Turin, the ~th July, 1705. Sir, I did rayself the honour to write to ray Lord Peterbo rough, the j^, inst, ; and I then sent his Lordship the best account I could get of our affairs. I sent his Lordship a let ter from his Royal Highness, and I sent him a relation of the condition in which Nice is now. I have advised his Lordship that you raust expect " no raanner of assistance from his Roy- " al Highness this year on the coasts of Provence. I advised " you, in my letters of the 8th, and 14th of June, that his " Royal Highness does hope you would corae to drive the " eneraies out of Nice, in the execution whereof we could give " you good assistance frora our garrison which is in the castle 576 MR, HILL TO SIR CLOUDESLEY SHOVEL. " of Nice, I must own to you, that I see little difficulty in " that design, (if the Queen's service, and the instructions " which you have received, do allow you to come so fai',) un- " less the number of ships, which the eneraies pretend to fit " out at Toulon, should be so great as to raake it dangerous "for you to corae on this side Toulon, and give thera leave to " get out, and go westward, to join Coetlogon." I send you here the last accounts which I got from Nice and Toulon,' " That frora Nice I can depend on to be true. I have sent " two raen to Toulon ; if they return, I hope to send you a " sure account of the number of ships which are fitted there " for sea this summer. All the fortifications which the French " are making at Nice and Villa-Franca, will signify little, if " you corae thither, because you raay land 4 or 5000 raen at " the castle of Nice, and raarch thera through the said castle " to attack the eneraies in their retrenchraents, which will be " more easy, if you have a little train of artillery to bring a- " shore with your raen." The French were resolved, and pre pared, to besiege us here in Turin. His Royal Highness has stopped them ten railes off, at a little place called Chivas, There they have been burning their powder a whole month to day, and are there still. In the raean tirae P. Eugene is advancing to the Adda, and we expect, with great impatience, to hear that he has passed that river. The Duke of Vendome went, the j^ inst., with a detachment of 6000 raen to the as sistance of his brother against P. Eugene, and the Duke de la Feuilliade carries on the siege of Chivas, and comraands the French army in Piedmont, which is rauch superior to that of the allies. Prince Lewis, and his lazy Gerraans, have quite broke all the Duke of Marlborough's raeasures upon the Mo selle ; where his Grace had endeavoured to force the enemies to a battle ; or to besiege Saar Louis. When he saw that the French would not fight, nor P. Lewis come to join him in tirae, our Duke raade haste down to the Meuse, where the French had taken Huy, and were besieging the citadel of Liege. The enemies abandoned that siege, so soon as they heard that our Duke was coming. Now the weight of the campaign is carried down to Brabant and Flanders. I told ray Lord Peterborough in ray last, that P. Eugene had taken six Spanish battalions prisoners at Palazzuolo. I raust now ' The accounts here referred to by Mr. Hill, are printed at the close of this letter. MR. HILL TO SIR CLOUDESLEY SHOVEL. 577 add, that the Duke of Vendome will not suffer any of those Spaniards to be exchanged, because the French care not which way they get rid of the Spaniards out of the Milanese ; which they design to keep for themselves. Our last advices from Madrid say, that the French had seized the Marquis de Le ganez, by order from King Philip, and had sent him prisoner to France. I ara, &c. To Sir Cl, Shovel, Hill. De Nice, le 10^ Juillet, 1705. " Les Fran9ois sont ici fort alarraes de peur que la fiotte An- gloise ne vienne les attaquer. lis ont ici 8 bataillons faisant 3000 hommes dans les Villes, de Nice, et Ville-Franche, et dans tous les chateaux qu'ils tiennent. Ilsont raccomraodes les breches, et les parapets au Chateau de Ville-franche, avec de la raa9onnerie ; raais elle est fraiche et ne tiendra pas. lis font deux batteries du cote gauche en entrant au port de Ville-franche: l' une de 7, et 1' autre de 18, canons: et une autre batterie vis a vis de celles-cy a cote droit, en entrant au port de Ville-franche. lis achevent leurs retrancheraens a la Tour de Bozo, et les ont entoures de Palissades. lis ont transporte leurs raortiers et leurs bombes de St Laurent de Nice a Ville-franche: les uns croyent qu'ils s'en veuillent servir contre la fiotte : les autres croyent que c'est pour borab- arder le chateau de Nice : il y en a qui s' imaginent, que c'est pour les renvoyer a Toulon, s'ils voyent que la flotte An- gloise vienne." De Toulon, le 8= Juillet, 1705. "Les Fran9ois travaillant toujours dans ce port a mettre en raer 43 Vaisseaux de guerre, tous de la ligne. Un bon nombre de Matelots est venu ici par terre des ports du Ponant." From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the j|th July, 1705. Sir, I had the honour to write to you, the 8th inst ; since then the scene of affairs is altered here a little. The Duke of Vendorae is gone with about 6000 raen to the assistance of his brother, who has found out, at last, that it was not so 4 B 578 MR. hill to MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. easy to stop Prince Eugene, as he imagined it would be. La Feuilliade is come, with about 4000 at raost, to join the ar my which the Duke of Vendome left him before Chivas : and now we have to do with this young General, whose fa ther-in-law will let him want nothing, which he can furnish to hira. He has been visiting, criticising, and changing the methods, by which his predecessor carried on the siege of Chivas. We shall see in a day or two if he will do better. It is four weeks to day since his Royal Highness has set his shoulders to that little place ; and the enemies cannot force hira frora it. We begin to despise an enemy, though supe rior to us, who cannot tell how to take such a place as Chi vas ; and we begin to think they will not venture upon Turin ; or if they do, we say the defender of Verrue, and Chivas, will never let go his capital. We have no letters from Prince Eugene, since the 8th. He was then preparing to march to the Adda. If he passes that river, we shall send all our fears and alarms, which we have had at Turin, to the town of Mi lan. My greatest fear, and disquiet, is for his Royal High ness's person, which is truly much raore exposed than is conve nient, or reasonable. If any one of those bullets hit him, which have fallen thick about hira of late, there is an end of all our affairs here in half-an-hour. If the Queen is pleased to tell Count Brian9on that her Majesty does not approve of all the vivacity with which his Royal Highness does expose his per son, it will be such a corapliraent as his Royal Highness does deserve. I shall venture to say here, that the Queen has or dered rae to say so rauch. Prince Eugene took six Spanish battalions at Palazzuolo. The Duke of Vendome has decla red that he will not exchange any of our officers or soldiers who are in his hands, for any of those Spaniards. He is wil ling now to exchange Gerraans and Savoyards for the French which we have, or which Prince Eugene has ; but he is glad to be rid of the Spaniards, which were in the Milanese. I have wrote at large to the Queen's Adrairals to give them the best account I can of Nice and Toulon. I have also sent his Royal Highness's letters to ray Lord Peterborough, to Genoa ; and the Lyrae will go away with those letters so soon as the coasts are clear. Corate Aversberg, who served the late Emperor in England, and has resided here these two years with his Royal Highness for the Emperor's service, is dead here this morning of a hectic fever. We are not here MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 579 without some apprehensions that the eneraies raay trust so much to Prince Lewis upon the Rhine, that they may still be at liberty to send a detachment frora thence into Italy. The French raake war upon us now in Piedmont with unusual bar barity and cruelty. The Duke of Vendome's detachraent, which went last week to raeet the Duke de la Feuilliade, spa red nothing which could be the object of the soldiers' appe tites : and a party of their army, which went a foraging yes terday, spared neither churches nor convents. We now hope, and we believe, that Chivas will hold out, till the end of this month. I ara, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. Mr. Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, Turin, the f^th July, 1705. My Lord, I did rayself the honour to write to your Lordship, the 1st and 12th inst, S. N. ; and I wrote to Sir Cl. Shovel, the 8th and 14th June, and the 15th July, S. N. I did advise both your Lordship and Sir Cl. Shovel of the posture of our affairs here, and I advised you both that you raust by no raeans expect to raeet any troops, or any manner of assistance, from his Royal Highness this year in Provence ; for which I gave you the reasons. I sent a letter also, the 12th inst., from his Royal Highness to your Lordship, in which he does sig nify as much himself. What his Royal Highness does desire and hope is, that your Lordship would come as high as Nice, with the fleet, to drive the enemies out of the towns of Nice and Villa-Franca. I sent your Lordship the best account I could get, the 12th instant, of the present situation of the enemies in those places, with a description ofthe coasts of Nice, and Antibes, and ofthe Gulf St. John, or Gorgian. I told your Lordship then that the eneraies had in the towns of Nice and Villa-Franca, in the castles of Villa-Franca, of Montalban, of St Hospitio, the tower of Bozo, &c. about 3000 men. I told your Lordship that the eneraies had fortified the entrance into the port of Villa-Franca, and the bay of St. Hospitio ; but that there was a little post, at a place called Lympia, under the guns of the castle of Nice, where boats, and cbaloupes, may run in with the shore, and land as many men as you please, who would be advised, and conducted, and assisted by the officers 4b2 580 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. and garrison which is in the castle of Nice ; from whence you may raarch, and take the eneraies on the backs of their re trenchraents. I did intimate to your Lordship that the Queen's fieet might ride in Gulf John, or Gorgian, near An tibes, and that the islands of St. Marguerite, and St. Honore, which shelter that Gulf, were without defence ; and that the town of Antibes was to be insulted. I did also advise you that it was believed by some, that if your Lordship did at terapt any thing at Antibes, the forces, which the enemies have at Nice, would be sent to protect the coasts of Provence; and that it was also believed, if your Lordship did come to Nice, that the enemies would not abide you. I did also ad vise your Lordship that the eneraies have five galleys in the port of Villa-Franca, and three raore which ply between An tibes and Monaco; but in spite of thera, the boats, and barks, and brigantines, from Oneiglia, do carry raen, and provisions, recruits, and refreshraents, for the castle at Nice, which they land in the night at that place called Lyrapia under the guns of the castle ; and the boats, and cbaloupes, raay come there in the day-time, if protected by your frigates against the French galleys. I did promise your Lordship that I would have ready at Oneiglia some pilots, and an exact map ofthe coasts of Nice and Villa-Franca. His Royal Highness is now persuaded to send the bearer, Capt. Victorio, in whom he confides much, and Capt. Don Diego Sofi, both good seamen, and perfectly well acquainted with the coasts of Nice and Villa-Franca, where they served his Royal Highness many years, to raeet your Lordship. They carry with them an exact raap of Nice and Villa-Franca, and will explain every thing to your Lordship. These two officers are also, as they say, well acquainted with the coasts of Provence, and Italy. I did send ray letters for Sir Cloudesiey by the Mary-Gal ley, and those which I had the honour to write to your Lord ship by the Lyrae. But this last has been kept in the port of Genoa by three French raen-of-war, which brought a convoy of warlike stores to Genoa, for the use of the French armies in Italy, and which cruise ever since off that port. I sent the Tartar and Newport to Lisbon, the beginning of May, to look after some powder, and lead, and salt-petre, which were sent from England, at the beginning of the year, under the convoy of Sir Thomas Dilkes, for his Royal Highness, of which we yet hear nothing. It is what we do want extremely here, and MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 581 we expect it with the utmost impatience. If your Lordship does please to take any care of it, I hope you will send it to Oneiglia, where the Duke's brigantines, and boats, will bring it ashore ; unless you resolve to bring it with you to Villa- Franca. But I doubt rauch if we can expect it so long. Mr. Crowe has wrote to your Lordship, or to Sir Cloudesiey frora Genoa, by the Mary-Galley, and will also write by the Lyme so soon as she can get out. I have also desired the Queen's consul at Nice, called Mons. Boiier, who is now at Oneiglia, to write to your Lordship, by this Capt. Victorio, and to give you the best account which he has got of what is doing at Toulon. I sent lately two men thither on purpose to see what is doing ; but neither of them is returned yet. I have told your Lordship that the enemies were resolved, and prepared, to besiege Turin by the end of the last month, as they had calculated. His Royal Highness met the Duke of Vendorae ten miles hence at a little place called Chivas, which has defended itself a raonth, and does hold out still, by the wonderful vigour, and courage, of his Royal Highness. In the mean time Prince Eugene pressed forwards in Italy, and is now got to the banks of the Adda : and the Duke of Vendorae is gone down to the assistance of his brother against the Germans, leaving the Duke de la Feuilliade to carry on the war against us in Piedmont, which he does with an array rauch superior to us. I told your Lordship, in my last, that the delays, or caprice, or something else of Prince Lewis had broken all the measures of my Lord Duke of Marlborough on the Moselle. His Grace is gone to the Meuse to repress the enemies there, who were too strong for Mons. d' Auverkerke : and the Gerraans must look to thera selves. We had formed great expectations from my Lord Duke's designs on the Moselle : we now expect ease, and re lief, and deliverance, frora the Queen's fieet ; as well in re gard of the general systera of the war in Spain and Italy, as for the iraraediate interests of his Royal Highness, if your Lordship coraes to drive the enemies from Nice, and opens a coraraunication by sea between Piedraont and the rest of the world. If I do hear of your Lordship's coming up so high as Nice, I will press his Royal Highness very hard to get some few troops, or militia, to be sent towards Nice from Piedmont, to alarm or disquiet the eneraies, at the sarae time that your Lordship shall attack thera frora sea. I ara, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough, Hill. 582 Sir MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the ii^^ July, 1705. I have received the honour of your letter, of the 5th June ; and I shall now deraand the poor child for his parents, as you bid rae, and shall use her Majesty's narae as far as is fit. The state of that raatter is a little altered now, because the parents are gone away from hence to Genoa, having abandon ed one child to save two others, which they thought in equal danger. We hear nothing yet of the Queen's fieet, which we expect in the Mediterranean with greater impatience, since we have been forced to discount for great things which we expected on the Moselle. I had the honour to tell you, that his Royal Highness had wrote " to Lord Peterborough," to tell him, that he could do nothing for him " at Toulon." He now writes again " to that Lord," to invite, and to press him to come " to Nice ;" and he sends these " letters by two sea offi- " cers, in a brigantine frora Oneiglia, that they raay show him " the way to Nice. We have no news yet of our powder " which was to come from Lisbon. I hope it will come with " a good convoy now, if it does corae ; for the enemies have " three ships-of-war, and five or six galleys, which cruise be- " tween Genoa and Savona." I went yesterday to wait on his Royal Highness, and found him in Chivas, visiting the works, and a new retrenchment which he has ordered to be raade at the gorge of the bastion, which is almost beaten into powder. It was but earth and faggots at first, and could not have held so long, if we had not repaired every night the mis chief of the day. The eneraies are lodged now in the chemin couvert, and are very near us ; if they dare venture to give us an assault. They may have work still to the end of the month, if they will only employ their cannons and mortars, and hus band their soldiers, as they have done hitherto. Our last let ters from P. Eugene are of the 13th, when he was raaster of Soncino, which is the first tirae that he put his foot upon the Milanese. The Prince has published a declaration offering the Emperor's protection to the good people of Milan, but says not one word of King Charles the 3rd. That people are so good, or so indolent, that he who wins them may wear them. P. Eugene has great good frora the 8000 Prussians, which ray Lord Duke of Marlborough procured for him. Whoever does, or does not, think of renewing the treaty for MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES, ETC. 583 thera, for another year, I am sure we think of it here. I did insinuate to his Royal Highness, that he would try to have thera for himself, and endeavour to get them into Piedmont. But he thinks thera too dear for him, and would rather have them kept on the foot they are. The last letters from Toulon say, that the Comte de Thoulouse was arrived there, and that he was getting all the ships, which are in that port, ready to go to sea, for which a good .lumber of searaen were come by land from west France. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. Mr, Hill wrote to the Duke of Marlborough, and sent his Grace a letter from his Royal Highness, From Mr, Hill to the Marquis de St, Thomas, a Turin, ce 27« Juillet, 1705, Monsieur, Vous n'ignorez pas les instances que j'ay pris la liber te de faire a S..A..R., il y a trois mois, en faveur du nomme Sallien, &c. J'ay re9u des ordres de la Reyne presentement de renouveller mes sollicitations sur cette affaire : c'est pour- quoy je vous supplie. Monsieur, de trouver un moraent favor able, pour presenter le memoire ci inclus a S.A.R.: c'est ce que je fais d'autant plus volontiers, que j'aye appris par mes dernieres lettres de Londres, que Monsieur le Comte de Bri- an9on ait assure le Secretaire d'Etat de S.M., que S.A.R. etait resolu de nous faire rendre cet enfant. Je suis, &c., &c. a Monsieur Le Marquis de St, Thomas, Hill. Ministre et Premier Secretaire de S,A,R, Memorial of Mr, Hill to the Duke of Savoy, Le soussigne Envoye Extraordinaire et Plenipotentiare de S.M. Britannique represente tres respectueusement a V.A.R,, qu'ayant rendu corapte a la Reyne, de la maniere que le nomrae Sallien et sa femme, touts deux etrangers, et venus ici sous la protection des passe-ports de V.A.R, avoient perdu leur enfant ici a Turin, au mois de Mars passe ; de la maniere qu'ils avoient trouve le dit enfant chez Mad^. de St. Agnes ; des bons offices que je me suis donne I'honneur de rendre a ces pauvres gens ; et de deux requetes que j'avois presente a V.A.R. au 584 MEMORIAL OF MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF SAVOY. nom du dit Sallien, ou de sa femme, et de la fa9on que cet en fant a ete enleve pour la seconde fois par Madame de St. Ag nes, de la raaison du premier President, apres que V.A.R. ra' avoit fait dire par Mons. le President de Gubernatis, qu' il y resteroit, jusques a ce que ses parents auroient produit des preuves de leur mariage, ce qu' iis ont fait, et du bateme de leur enfant, ce qu' iis alloient faire, &c. La Reyne a eu la bonte d'approuver ma conduite et mon zele, et m'ordonne de m'adresser de nouveau a V.A.R., au nom de S.M., pour la prier de faire rendre cet enfant etranger, et au dessous de 1' age de 12 ans a ses malheureux Parents, auxquels j' ay donne de passe-ports afin qu' iis puissent se retirer en Angleterre, avec toute leur faraille. J'ay ordre de plus d'assurer V.A.R., que cet acte de grace, ou de justice qu'elle fera, en consider ation de S.M. sera regarde a Londres coram' une raarque d' attention que V.A.R. aura, pour une si grande Reyne, sa bonne alliee et confederee. Hill. Fait a Turin, ce 27^ Juillet, 1705. From Mr. Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, thefth, July, 1705. Sir, I have received the honour of your letter, of the 12th June. I am very glad you were pleased to approve of the style and spirit of my little Admiral, who is gone now to meet the fleet, and has carried two subjects of Spain with him, as reprisals for the Queen's subject; because the Duke of Doria refused to exchange him. Capt. Dolraan did us a very good piece of service as he was going from Genoa. He took up 100,000 crowns and raore in ready raoney, and landed it safe at Oneiglia, or close by, notwithstanding all the vigilance of the French and Spanish galleys. He went afterwards to Savona, and offered to convoy to Oneiglia a dozen of brigan tines laden with powder, which are kept in there by the Spa nish galleys; but our brigantines could not get out. We have yet no news of the powder which we have expected so long frora Lisbon. I send you here two accounts which I got lately frora Toulon. That of the 11th is frora one who was there on his own business : that of the 18th is from a person whom I sent thither on purpose, and paid well for his MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 585 journey. I have communicated these advices to Mr. Crowe. I was yesterday at Castignet, to raake ray court to his Royal Highness. I left a memorial with the Secretary of State, in which I raade use of her Majesty's narae to procure the res titution of the poor protestant child to his parents. I have desired the Secretary of State to give me answer in writing when he has found his Royal Highness at leisure to give his directions in this matter. I am very glad you were pleased to speak of it to Comte Brian9on ; desire you will continue to speak of it to him, but not to believe all he promises. The last week La Feuilliade sent almost all his horse and dragoons, sustained by twelve battalions and four pieces of cannon, over the Oreo (or Aqua d'Oro), from whence they obliged our horse to retire on this side the Malon. Yester day the same detachment of the enemies passed the Malon, and obliged our horse to retire in haste over the Stura, whicli is but a mile from the gates of Turin. The alarm began to be great here ; but our good Duchess ordered her own coacli- man and horses to draw two field-pieces to the banks of the Stura, where our horse formed themselves ; and the enemy did not attempt to push any farther. The gates were kept shut here two or three hours ; and all was well again. The enemies made this raotion in hopes to draw his Royal High ness frora the defence of Chivas ; but he was not to be moved. It is six weeks this night that the eneraies are there ; and that is a great deal more than we could naturally expect from that place. It must fall at last, if the enemies will have it ; but it will fall with great honour. We have letters from P. Eugene, of the 24th, when he was still on the wrong side of the Adda. He carries on the war in Lombardy I believe in the best manner he can, and for the Emperor's service ; but be does not deliver and redeera us here in Piedmont, " and " his Royal Highness begins to grow very uneasy and impa- " tient, and threatens to take care of himself. He says, if he " is to expect no succours, it is not to be expected that he " will be sacrificed." I send you here a little plan of our famous Chivas, which has got a name in history. I am. Sec.To Mr. Secretary Hedges, 8(c. Hill. Mr Hill wrote to the Duke of Marlborough to the same purpose, the ^th July, 1705. 4 c 586 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. From Mr. Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, Turin, the 2nd August, S.N., 1705. My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Lordship, the ith July, a letter, of which I send a duplicate.herewith. His Royal Highness did write to your Lordship at the same time by Captain Victorio, and Don Diego Sofi, whom he sent purposely to meet your Lordship, to show you the way to Nice, and Villa-Franca, and to raake every thing look easy if your Lordship will undertake to drive the enemies from thence. These two Captains were to carry your Lordship a plan of Nice, and Villa-Franca, and would explain every thing in it to your Lordship. I send your Lordship here a dupli cate of that plan, and of the letters which his Royal Highness did write to you by the Mary-Galley, by the Lyme, and by Captain Victorio. I did give early advice to your Lordship, and to Sir Cl. Shovel, that you must by no means imagine that his Royal Highness did ever think one moment, that he could send any troops to raeet or to assist your Lordship in the execution- of any designs upon Toulon, or the coasts of Provence. He has not been in a condition these twelve raonths past ; and I see nothing which can happen naturally in four raonths to come, which can put hira into a condition to entertain such a thought. What his Royal Highness did all along, and does earnestly desire, is, that your Lordship would come with the Queen's fieet and troops to drive the enemies out of Nice, and Villa-Franca. I have told your Lordship that the enemies were masters of those places, and of every thing in the county of Nice, excepting the castle of Nice, and that they kept possession of the towns of Nice, and Villa-Franca, of the castles of Villa-Franca, Montalban, St. Hospitio, and the tower of Bozo, and of the batteries which they have made to defend the entrance into the port of Villa- Franca with about 3000 men, to which I must now add 200 dragoons. I did advise your Lordship that nothing could hinder you from landing men at a little place called Lympia, under the guns of the castle of Nice. I am now told by the governor of that castle, that all your boats may come ashore on the strand, westward ofthe town of Nice, where the Palion, a little sraall torrent, falls into the sea. But I raust observe that nothing, besides small boats, can corae near that shore. I raust also observe to your Lordship that the coasts of Nice MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 587 have no anchorage anywhere, but in the port of Villa-Franca, or in the bay of St. Hospitio ; and that the S. S.W. winds are very terrible upon those coasts. I did promise your Lordship in ray last, that I would solicit hard to get some troops, or militia, to appear towards the county of Nice at the sarae time your Lordship should appear off at sea. I must now desire your Lordship not to depend upon any such assistance unless the situation of our affairs here in Piedmont should alter a great deal. I did tell your Lordship, the ,^ July, that it was believed by sorae, that tbe enemies would retire ifthe Queen's fieet appeared before Nice. I must now say that they have finished their batteries, and worked so well on the castle of Villa-Franca, and about the tower of Bozo, having brought lately thirty pieces of cannon from Toulon to put on their new platforms, that they seem resolved to abide you. I did tell your Lordship that I had sent two men purposely to Toulon, to see with their own eyes what was doing there ; and I send your Lordship here the relation which one of those men has brought me, though I hope you will have received it already by Capt. Victorio, or from Mr. Crowe to whom I sent it. We hear nothing yet of the powder and salt-petre, which his Royal Highness has expected so long since from London, and last frora Lisbon. We hear nothing of the Tartar and Newport, which went, in tbe beginning of May, to look after it. What we now desire of your Lordship is, if you are pleased to take care of that ammunition, that it may be brought to Oneiglia, and landed there. If your Lordship does write to his Royal Highness, and if you have any commands for me, we may re ceive your letters the same way, and return an answer to them by the same frigates. I did tell your Lordship in my last in what posture the affairs were in Italy and in Piedmont. P. Eugene has been ever since labouring to get forward. But he is not yet over the Adda, where the Duke of Vendome pretends to stop him. The Duke de la Feuilliade continues to press us hard here in Piedmont, with forces rauch superior to those of his Royal Highness. We kept him at Chivas at arms-length forty-two days ; but, the 29th of the last month, his Royal Highness was forced to abandon that place, and retire with all his forces near to Turin for the defence of his capital. His Royal Highness is now in Turin, with all his in fantry. His cavalry is a mile hence, and the Duke de la Feuilliade, with all his forces, is two miles farther. I cannot 4c2 588 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. yet judge whether the intention of the enemies is to bombard or to besiege Turin. The latter will be difficult, though P. Eugene has done nothing yet for our immediate deliverance here. I did tell your Lordship that my Lord Duke of Marl borough was disappointed on the Moselle. He made us amends on the Meuse. His Grace forced the eneraies to retire behind their lines, with great precipitation, and retook Huy in four days. I have news to day, that his Grace has forced the lines, and beaten the eneraies, of which we expect the partic ulars with great impatience. I am, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Lord Treasurer, Turin, the 5th August, S. N., 1705. My Lord, I am to thank your Lordship for the honour of your letter, of the 12th June, and for the assurances which you are pleased to give me, that the Queen will not refuse me leave to come horae, in its proper season. I shall expect a raore proper season to ask that leave. I have not courage to do it now, and have too rauch honour to desire to be relieved, now the eneraies are in sight of our walls. We were forced to abandon Chivas the 29th past, in the night : and ever since the Duke de la Feuilliade has been pressing forward with the eagerness and mettle of a young General, the child of fa vour, who expects to have the baton de Marechal, so soon as his father-in-law is authorized, by sorae action d'eclat, to ask it for hira. He has now been working these six days as if he would come and besiege Turin. His Royal Highness is come in here, and we are very busy to put this town in a posture of defence. I must own I am yet of the sarae opinion with those, who believe that 16 or 17,000 raen are not enough to besiege Turin. La Feuilliade has no more with him. But he has a letter of credit in his pocket from his father-in-law, that if he will undertake the siege, he shall want neither raen nor money to carry it on. His Royal Highness has drawn all his foot under the cannon ofthe town : his horse is not much distant ; and we shall put them all within our works, if the enemies come a little nearer. We have cast a good raany cannon and raortars. We shall want powder, and small arms, and a great many more things, so soon as we are forced MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. 589 to shut our gates. To judge of things by appearances to day, we are to be besieged here, or bombarded, so soon as La Feu illiade can bring his artillery, his ammunition, and the rest of his tools together ; the greatest part of which are to come from Suze, which is above twenty miles hence. His Royal High ness is as active, laborious, and vigilant, as if he were resolved " to abide the utmost extremities here. " Yet I have sorae " reasons to believe that his Royal Highness will yield to the " tenderness which he has for his wife and children, and that " he will capitulate with La Feuilliade, to save his crown, and " his capital." We hear that Prince Eugene came into Italy at the end of April : we hear that he passed the Oglio at the end of June : we do not yet feel that he has done any thing for our relief in Piedmont : what he has done upon the Oglio does reach us yet no more than what my Lord Duke has done upon the Mehaine. The Adda is now fortified ; and nobody can force lines, but the Duke of Marlborough. He fights as I have seen your Lordship play at chess. A great master ly stroke out of the comraon way, which puts his eneray quite out of his play. The Lord reward that glorious man, for the good, and for the honour, which he has done to his country, and to his Mistress : for all, which the Queen, and her people, can do for him, is too little. I am, &c. To the Lord Treasurer, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to the Duke of Marlborough, Sec, From Mr, Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, 5th August, S.N., 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the 29th past. That very night his Royal Highness was obliged to let go his hold at Chivas, and to abandon a post which he had defended with great honour forty-two days, for fear lest the enemies should get between him and Turin. He took this resolution in half-an-hour, and he executed it so well, that he drew out his garrison, his artillery, his ammunition, and did not leave a pick-axe, or shovel in the place. So soon as he had got every thing over the Po, he ordered his bridge of boats to be burnt, and was got safe with his little army the next morning near this town. So soon as the enemies found the gates of Chivas opened by the inhabitants, they left two battalions in 590 MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. the place, and made haste to get up towards Turin, and have been working ever since as if they were to besiege or to bomb ard us here. His Royal Highness is corae into town, has drawn all his troops round this place, and is working with the utmost diligence to put the citadel, and the city, which are both very good, into a posture of defence. We have time to do it, because La Feuilliade has abandoned the Po at present, and is working up towards Suze, so as to bring his artillery, his ammunition, and the rest of his tools frora thence, which is above twenty railes off, and no river or canal to help him. The alarm is pretty warm here ; and we are doing every thing as if we were to be besieged. Yet it is not easy to be believ ed, that the Duke de la Feuilliade will undertake- to besiege such a place as this is, with about 16 or 17,000 raen at raost, wfien we can put about 7000 into our works. If he will needs borabard us, in hopes to get the baton de Marechal for the reward of his services, we raust have patience. We have heard here that P. Eugene came into Lombardy the end of April : we have heard that he passed the Oglio about the end of June. I hope he does the Eraperor's business where he is ; but he has done nothing yet for our relief here in Piedmont. We fear the Adda is now fortified : and nobody can force lines but the Duke of Marlborough. The blows which he strikes are felt everywhere, and the fame of his success upon the Mehaine, does us as rauch good here as all that has passed on the Oglio. We expected good from P. Eugene : we expected good frora the Queen's fieet. We are sensible of nothing yet but of my Lord Marlborough's motions. Wliat I fear most is, that " La Feuilliade has powers to treat with " us before the siege is begun, and that the French may be in " a humour to give us such conditions as we shall not refuse ; " and the want of our powder, which we have so long expect- " ed in vain, will be one reason here, or an excuse, for any "such negotiation." I am, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr. Hill to Admiral Sir Cloudesiey Shovel, Turin, the 8th August, S. N., 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the 8th, 14th, June ; the 15th, and 19th, July; and I did write to my Lord MR. HILL TO SIR CLOUDESLEY SHOVEL. 591 Peterborough, the 1st, 12th, 19th, July, and the 2nd inst; in order to give you both the best idea that I could of our af fairs this side tbe world. The scene is changed a little here in Piedmont since my last ; for so soon as Chivas was taken, the enemies brought the war to the gates of Turin. The Duke de la Feuilliade has been working about us these eight days as ifbe were to besiege us, and we are working here with great diligence, as if we were sure to be besieged, or bombarded at least. What does visibly save us at present, and give us some time to put ourselves in a good posture of defence, is, that La Feuilliade has not above 17,000 men with him, which are not enough to besiege so great and so good a place as Turin. I do not see that the French can send him more forces from any place in time, unless they gather all those troops which were left this summer on the coasts of Guienne, in Languedoc, and in Provence, and send them over the Alps so soon as the sea son of the year shall oblige the Queen's fleet to retire. I have sent my Lord Peterborough a description of the coasts of Nice, with an account of the forces which the enemies have about Nice, and Villa-Franca ; and his Royal Highness has sent two plans of those places, and two of his officers to ex plain those plans to my Lord Peterborough. I can add no thing to what I have wrote to his Lordship ; but I think it necessary " to advise you, that I am not without sorae fears " and suspicions, that his Royal Highness raay be entering " into sorae negotiations with La Feuilliade, for the preserva- " tion of his capital, andthe rest of his places. I cannot ven- " ture to assure you that it is, or that it is not, so ; but it is " necessary to let you know the just apprehensions which I " think I have in this matter, for fear that your zeal and good " will to serve his Royal Highness, and to drive the enemies " out of Nice, should bring you so far out of your way to no " purpose." Perhaps the season of the year which is far advanced ; perhaps the other more iraportant services upon which the fleet is employed ; perhaps the number of ships which are fitted up at Toulon, "and several accidents, may " determine you not to come so high as Nice. If so, you have " no need of being informed of a thing which is yet doubtful. " But it would be of such fatal consequence to the Queen's " fleet to corae into the seas of Nice, and to lose other occa- " sions of doing good to the Queen, and to her allies, if the " Duke of Savoy should take raeasures to have no need of your 592 MR. HILL TO SIR CLOUDESLEY SHOVEL. " help, that I cannot do less than give you this intiraation. " If you have no need of this advice to determine you not to " come so far, I desire you will keep it to yourself; because " his Royal Highness has not yet given any public marks of " his irresolution. I am, &c. To Sir Cl, Shovel." Hill. From Mr. Hill to Admiral Sir Cloudesiey Shovel. Turin, the 10th August, S.N., 1705. Sir, This above is the copy of what I had the honour to write to you, the 8th ; and I have nothing to add to it, because we are to day in the sarae posture here. I ara certainly as sured from Nice, that the enemies have perfected their battery at the tower of Bozo, and have planted fourteen pieces of cannon there. They have also a battery of raortars on the hill, near the fort of Montalban, which, they say, they intend to raake use of against the fieet, if you chance to come there. But those mortars can never hurt you. The French do say, and I think we may believe them in this, that if the fieet come towards Villa-Franca they will abandon the town of Nice, and draw all their troops into the castles and redoubts of which they are possessed. The last advices from Toulon say, that all the ships in that port were cleaned and rigged ; that several of them were out in the road ; that the Comte de Thoulouse was not yet come thither ; that there were not seamen enough there to man out all the ships which are fitted ; that there were no troops in Toulon, besides the equipages of the ships : that the greatest part of the marine regiments, which served the last year aboard the fleet, or at Gibraltar, were quartered in the villages about Toulon, to get the refreshment which they wanted. I am sorry to tell you that we do yet hear no thing of you, or the fleet, since you departed frora Cascais. For we expected great relief here from the execution of your designs. I ara as sorry to tell you, that we hear nothing yet of the powder, and salt-petre, which carae from England with Sir Thomas Dilkes, for his Royal Highness, and which we want more than you can imagine. This letter will come to you I hope by a Genoese Patron, who is, as I am assured, a very trusty raan, and a good pilot on the coasts of Provence, and Nice. I have desired the Queen's Consul, Mr. Joseph Boiier, an honest discreet raan, who resides at St. Rerao, in the MR. HILL TO SIR CLOUDESLEY SHOVEL. 593 river of Genoa, to write to you by the sarae Patron, who car ries this letter, and to give you the best account he can of what he knows frora Toulon or Nice, at the time that his Patron sets sail. If my Lord Peterborough, or you, have any cora mands for me, I desire you will send them to the said Consul Boiier, at St. Remo, who will despatch them to me. I am, &c. To Sir Cl. Shovel. Hill. From Mr, Hill to Sir Charles Hedges, Turin, the ^^ August, 1705. Sir, I did rayself the honour to write to you, the 5th inst : since then I have received the honour of your letters of the 22nd, and 29th June, with the copy of one from Lisbon. The two frigates, which were arrived there frora Villa-Franca, were the Tartar, and Newport, which I despatched frora Genoa the beginning of May, with letters to ray Lord Arabassador Methuen, to Sir John Leake, and to Sir Thomas Dilkes, and with others to the P. of Hesse, and Brigadier Shrimpton, at Gibraltar ; all with a hue and cry after our powder, which we wanted, and expected with so rauch irapatience. When those two frigates sailed from Genoa, Mr. Crowe was not arrived there. We have no certain advice of our fleet yet nearer than Cape Spartel. But by our advices from Nice, Toulon, and Mar seilles, the alarra is great on all those coasts, and all the troops and militia are in raotion. We have advice here to day, that the troops, which La Feuilliade had left in the valley de St. Martin, and La Perouse, which consisted in 600 regular troops, and about 1200 railitia-raen, are gone in great haste over the raountains, as if they were also to raarch down to the coasts of Provence. We are here as we were the last week. The whole war of Piedraont is now reduced under the walls of Turin. The eneraies are caraped at La Venerie, and stretch out their lines this way. They have not yet passed the Doire, though we have nothing to hinder thera. The war is grown on a sudden raore huraane and polite than it had been before. La Feuilliade sent a trumpet to ask leave to buy sorae refresh ments in Turin, and his Royal Highness sent hira two raules loaded. All this was in good forra. But the young General sent for balls, for rackets, and raalesticks ; which seeraed extra ordinary. I believe Turenne never sent to an eneray for ten- 4d 594 MR, HILL TO SIR CHARLES HEDGES. nis-balls. We are working still here with great attention for the security of this town ; and the enemies give us tirae and leisure to do what we will. His Royal Highness desired Count Guido to make a disposition for the better defence of Turin. He refused to do it. And now there is great anger and indignation on one side ; great jealousy and frowardness on the other. His Royal Highness has now raade a disposi tion hiraself, by which it appears that the Imperialists are all in the outworks, and the Savoyards within the walls : even 5 or 600 German troopers a foot, which were in the citadel, are now relieved by a Piedmontese battalion, and are put into a redoubt without the walls. Those who do remember what passed here nine years since ; those who did look upon the putting the Gerraans lately into the citadel of Turin, as a mark of confidence, which his Royal Highness had in them, cannot but observe this sudden alteration. I have received a very slight answer to the raeraorial, which I gave to his Roy al Highness in favour of Salliens, by which I demanded his child in the Queen's name. I shall present a second memo rial in a day or two, and send them to you, with the answers which I receive. I am, &c. To Sir Ch, Hedges, Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Lord Treasurer, [Turin,] August the ^^ 1705. My Lord, I should not have got out of ray bed to day, but to thank your Lordship for the letter, with which you were pleased to honour rae, the 22nd June. In answer to it I raust tell your Lordship that his Royal Highness did show rae the letter which you wrote to him ; and I did take that occasion, as I had done all others, to assure his Royal Highness, that the Queen, and her rainisters, had nothing more pressing in their thoughts, when they resolved to send the fieet into the Mediterranean, than the relief and assistance of his Royal Highness, &c. I did rayself the honour to write to your Lordship, the 5th inst. : what I said then in cipher, I should repeat to day, ifl were able. I have told your Lordship, soraetirae since, that I received bills from Mr. Brydges, with which I paid our subsidies here to the 2nd October. I must now tell your Lordship, that Sir Theod. Janssen's correspondent here is a good man ; but his Royal Highness's treasurer had rather have to do with Lullin MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. 595 and Nicolas, of Geneve, whose correspondent in London is Galdi. I do therefore desire that your Lordship will send me no raore bills on Turin: if you will send rae your orders to let the Duke's treasurer draw bills upon Count Brian9on, or Galdi, for the value of 106,666f crowns of this raoney, and settle in London how much he must draw for in sterling, I will then advise the treasurer here in what raanner he may give his bills for Lullin and Nicolas, or Galdi, or anybody else. "Your " Lordship will easily understand why I propose this expedient " to you to day." I have seen some good letters from Paris, which say, that the Duke of Burgundy is falling into a formal consumption, and that there is little expectation of any more Duke of Brittany. I am, &c. To the Lord Treasurer, Hill. ' From Mr, Hill to the Lord Duke of Marlborough, August the ,^_ 1705. My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Grace, the 5th. I have since done nothing but thank God, and thank your Grace, for what you did the 18th past. Our war in Piedraont is now reduced under the walls of Turin, and, for the last ten days, the enemies have done nothing to disturb us ; so we continue to work upon several new redoubts with great diligence, and no less security. The Duke de la Feuilliade is a raore polite and civil enemy than the Duke of Vendome was. He is content to live and subsist between the Stura, and the Doire, and does not so rauch as send his foragers over the Doire, though we have nothing to hinder him. His Royal Highness has now brought all his foot into the town, or into the outworks, and the horse is encamped under the cannon of tbe place. His Royal Highness did desire the Marshal de Staremberg to raake a disposition for the defence of Turin. The Marshal did refuse to do it, and with so little raanners I This letter is according to a duplicate Mr. Hill sent of it the ll^[j August. The sentence, commencing in the second line of page 595 with the words, " I do therefore desire that your Lordship," &c., stood, as written and sent August j^^ thus : " I do therefore desire that your Lordship will send me no more bills ou Turin : if you will send me your orders to draw my bills upon Mr. Brydges for the value of 106,666f crowns of this money, and settle in London how much I must draw for in sterling, I will then give my bills here in that manner for Lullin and Nico las, or anybody else, whom his Royal Highness's treasurer shall like best." 4d2 596 MR. HILL TO THE LORD DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. and raanageraent that he gave great occasion of offence and anger to his Royal Highness. Our Duke did then make a disposition himself, by which the Germans are all separated, and are all thrown into the outworks, and the Savoyards are within the walls. Even 5 or 600 Gerraan troopers on foot, who were lately put into the citadel, are now relieved by a Piedraontese battalion, and are thrown into a redoubt without the town. I do not yet find that La Feuilliade receives any stores of araraunition, or artillery, proportionable to any design against Turin ; nor do I perceive that any troops are coming from France to reinforce his array. On the contrary, two regiments of dragoons went the last week down from him to wards Lombardy ; and I ara told that another detachment went the same way yesterday. Some few troops also, which have been left by the enemies in the valleys all the last year, are raarched thence yesterday ; and we believe they are gone towards the coasts of Provence. 1 have yet no news frora our fleet ; but all the advices frora Marseilles, Toulon, and Nice, say, the alarra is great upon those coasts. We hear so little of Prince Eugene of late, that we scarce enquire after him. Nobody can force lines but the Duke of Marlborough: we expect it from nobody else. I am, &c. To the Lord Duke of Marlborough, Hill. From the Marquis de St, Thomas to Mr, Hill, a Turin, ce 8* Aout, 1705. Monsieur, J'ay rendu compte a S.A.R. du contenu au memoire que vous avez bien voulu m'adresser touchant les nomraes Salliens. Corarae il s'agit d'une affaire de justice, qui est ce que vous avez deraande vous m.erae, S.A.R. a fait a leurs deux requetes les decrets, qui vous ont ete remis. On avoit tout lieu de croire qu'ils s'en seroient servis pour re9evoir cette justice, qui pent leur etre due. II n'a tenu, et il ne tient encore qu' a eux de le faire. Vous S9avez fort bien, que chaque etat a ses voyes accouturaees et etablies de justice, que Ton doit suivre : ainsi S. A. R. ne S9auroit les interrorapre. C'est ce qu' elle ra' a ordonne de vous dire en reponse du susdit raeraoire, et qu'elle est tres persuadee que S.M.B. a une ame trop equitable pour ne pas entrer dans le juste precede de sa dite A. R. J'ay I'honneur d'etre, &c., &c. A Monsieur Hill, fyc. De St. Thomas. MR. HILL TO THE MARQUIS DE ST. THOMAS. 597 Mr, Crowe left the ratification of the private article relating to the pretended Prince of Wales, &c., in the hands of Mr, Langhorne, at Genoa, the — August, 1705, Mr, Hill wrote a letter to the Coraraander of any of the Queen's frigates that raight appear off of Savona with the powder, &c. for his Royal Highness, to desire and require thera to come with the said powder off of Oneiglia, and not to carry it to Savona, or Genoa. He wrote also to Mr. Crowe to the same purpose the ^ August, 1705. From Mr. Hill to the Marquis de St. Thomas, a Turin, ce 15* Aout, 1705. Monsieur, J'ay re9U la lettre que vous avez pris la peine de m' ecrire le 8*, en reponse, corarae vous dites, au raeraoire, que je rae suis donne I'honneur de presenter a S.A.R., le 27* du passe. Mais je vous deraande pardon. Monsieur, si je crois que votre lettre n'est pas une reponse au dit raeraoire, telle que j e puis prendre sur moy d'envoyer a la Reyne. Je ra' etois adresse par ordre expres de S.M. a S.A.R., par le dit rae raoire pour la prier de nous faire rendre un enfant qui avoit ete ravi du sein de ses Parents, de la maniere que vous S9avez; j'avois supplie S. A. R. de nous faire cet acte de grace, ou de justice, en consideration de la Reyne, qui m'avoit ordonne de le demander a son nom. J'avois eu I'honneur d'inforraer S. A.R., par le meme memoire, que les pauvres Parents, apres avoir sollicite pendant deux mois la restitution de leur enfant, s'etoient retires des etats de S.A.R., en faveur des passeports qu'elle a eu la bonte de leur faire donner, apres avoir presente deux requetes a S.A.R., apres avoir ete examine par Monsieur le premier President, et apres avoir ete aupres de I'lnquisiteur- General, sans qu'il ait paru, que le Senat ou 1' Inquisition ait voulu leur retenir leur enfant. J' avois pris la liberte de faire souvenir a S.A.R., qu'elle a eu la bonte de decreter sur la premiere requete de ces pauvres gens, que leur enfant res teroit entre les mains du premier President. Vous pourriez S9avoir peut-etre, pourquoi on n'ait pas obei a cet ordre : il a ete decrete sur leur seconde requete que le Senat decideroit Soraraaireraent la-dessus : et ces gens ont attendu un raois cette decision: iis se sont retires apres, pour mettre deux 598 MB. HILL TO THE MARQUIS DE ST. THOMAS. autres enfants qu'ils avoient en lieu de surete. C'est apres tout cela, que j'aye eu I'honneur de presenter raon raeraoire a S.A.R., au nora de la Reyne, auquel vous rae repondez, si je vous entends bien, qu'il faut aller a la justice. Permettez moy de vous dire, Monsieur, que je ne crois pas que c'est I'in- tention de S.A.R. d'envoyer la Reyne au Palais, pour plaider contre Mad*, de St. Agnes. II y a la justice de S.A.R,, qui est logee dans son coeur, qui est plus accessible et plus gra- cieuse, que celle qui est postee au Senat, derriere ses retranche raens: et c'est a la premiere que je me suis adresse de la part de la Reyne. II est bien vrai, corarae vous dites, qu'il y a des voyes de justice accouturaees et etablies en chaque etat, qu'il faut suivre. Je les suivray ici volontiers, oil la justice est, autant qu' en Pays du Monde, etablie entre les mains d' un grand Prince, juste, eclaire, et equitable, s'il en fut jamais. Nous avons vu ici, il y a peu de jours, de quelle maniere S.A, R, fit faire justice, avec les applaudissements de tout le raonde, a un bourgeois de Turin, en luy faisant rendre son enfant, qui s'etoit donne a un officier Hungrois, quoique I'enfant voulut renoncer a son Pere. Le cas est fort serablable au notre. Mad*, de St. Agnes ne peut avoir plus de droit a notre enfant, que cet officier Hungrois avoit a celuy que S.A.R. luy fit oter, avec tant de justice, sans forrae de proces, pour le rendre a ses Parents. Si S.A.R. veut agir avec plus de cereraonie dans notre cas, j' espere qu' elle fera inforraer contre Mad*, de St, Agnes, que nous avons denonce corarae Plagiaire, qui sont des gens punis du dernier supplice, par les loix etablies, et les voyes accouturaees de la justice en tout pays chretien. Si S. A, R. veut encore etre plus inforraee, je vous prie de la faire souvenir que, par ses edicts, des enfants de la Religion reformee ne peuvent etre otes a leurs Parents qu'a I'dge de puberte, Ce sont ces raeraes Edicts que S.A.R. a promis de faire observer par le traite que j'ay eu I'honneur de dresser avec vous I'annee passee, lequel a ete ratifie par la Reyne, et par S.A.R., et c'est en vertu de ce raerae traite, que je supplie S.A.R. de nous faire rendre cet enfant. Ces Parents n'estoient pas Vaudois a la verite, ni sujets de S.A.R. ; raais par les voyes accouturaees de la justice universelle des etrangers jouissent toujours de la possession de leurs biens, et de leurs enfants, sous la protection des Princes oxi iis se trouvent. J'ose vous prier encore. Monsieur, de representor a S. A. R., que par les voyes accouturaees de la justice, les pauvres Parents, dont la MR, HILL TO THE MARQUIS DE ST. THOMAS. 599 Reyne veut bien que je sois 1' avocat, ne sont pas obliges de prouver leur droit a leur enfant, iii de prouver son age, ni leur filiation : c'est a ceux qui veulent nous I'oter a faire toutes les preuves : il nous suffit de I'avoir nourri, et entretenu toute sa vie, de I'avoir raene dans ce pays, et d'avoir ete en possession. Si S. A. R. veut avoir la bonte de nous retablir dans la possessoire, nous sommes toujours sujets a toutes les voyes de justice, a I'egard de ceux qui veulent nous le disputer. Je fais cette lettre plus longue que je ne voudrois, parceque vous disiez a Monsieur L' Envoye d' Hollande et a raoy, que c'etoit une niaiserie que cet affaire. Nous avions cru veritableraent qu'une affaire qui avoit raerite I'attention de la Reyne, et des Etats-Generaux, et qu'ils avoient coraraandes a leurs ministres de solliciter aupres de S.A.R., n'etoit pas indigne d'un peu de vos considerations. Vous voyez. Monsieur, qu' il s'agit d'un crime capital de la part de Mad*, de St. Agnes; qu'il s'agit de I'observation des Edicts de S. A. R., et des traites faits avec elle : il s'agit aussi de faire un sensible plaisir a la Reyne d' Angleterre, et aux Etats-Generaux. Permis a vous seul. Monsieur, de traiter tout cela de niaiseries. Je vous prie encore. Monsieur, de vous souvenir, de ce que j' ay deja eu 1 'honneur de vous dire, que Monsieur le Comte de Brian9on avoit fait assurer la Reyne, non pas sans ordre apparemraent, que S.A.R., ayant fait consulter des casuistes et des avocats, etoit resolue de nous faire rendre cet enfant. Je vous prie done, Monsieur, de prendre un teras de loisir, un raoraent fa vorable, pour representer tout le contenu de cette lettre a S. A. R., et vous rae procurerez, corarae j'espere, une reponse favorable, qui s'accordera raieux que votre derniere ne fait, a ce que Monsieur le Comte de Brian9on a promis a la Reyne. Je suis, &c., &c. a Monsieur Le Marquis de St, Thomas, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the j^th August, 1705. Sir, I did rayself the honour to write to you the ^ inst. : since then I have received the enclosed letter frora ray Lord Peterborough, which I have coraraunicated to his Royal High ness. But we raust expect those letters which his Lordship proraised to send soon after by a frigate, before we can conclude that his Lordship will or will not corae to Nice. I 600 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. have wrote to his Lordship, the 1st, 12th, 19th July, and the 2nd inst ; and his Royal Highness did write twice or thrice to hira. We sent those letters by the Mary-Galley, or the Lyrae, and I have wrote as oft to Sir Cl. Shovel. His Royal Highness did press hira in all his letters to corae to Nice : I did tell his Lordship, in all ray letters, in what posture we were here in Piedmont, and gave him an account of the strength and disposition of the eneraies in, and about, Nice. I could say nothing which could give his Lordship the least invitation to corae to Toulon, if he was to expect any help frora us. I did say nothing which could discourage his Lordship from coming to Nice, if the Queen's service, and his instructions, do permit hira to come so high. His Royal Highness does write again to day to his Lordship, and so do I, to urge and press his Lordship to make haste up to Nice. His Royal Highness would desire his Lordship, not only to come and drive the eneraies out of Nice, but to leave the Queen's troops there, to help to drive the eneraies out of Piedraont. I told his Royal Highness I thought it would be necessary to have the Queen's orders to his Lordship, before he could leave the troops ashore ; and his Royal Highness will write to her Ma jesty to day for that purpose. " I did take this occasion to " insinuate to the Duke's rainister, that it would be conve- " nient to say soraething in this letter to the Queen, which " might destroy and stifie all the reports which are iudustrious- " Ij encouraged by the eneraies, as if his Royal Highness was " taking other raeasures for his security, and you will see what " assurances he does give her Majesty in his letter. I dare " not say raore for hira than he says for himself. The tran- " quillity and inaction of the enemies these last twelve days ; " the little mischief they do us, and the little provisions they " are raaking to do raore ; the tirae they give us to prepare "for our defence ; the reports of the enemies, and of every- " body who comes from their carap, would raake one suspect " and fear the designs of a Prince less steady and less resolute " than his Royal Highness. It is certain that his situation is "violent, and cannot last long." However, I think we raay sleep very quiet in Turin at present. La Feuilhade has not forces enough to besiege us ; and if he had been resolved to borabard us, he would have eraployed these last fifteen days in fetching his artillery, his raortars, his borabs, and other instruraents of ruin from Crescentin, and Suze, instead of send- MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 601 ing to Turin for rackets and balls. What we have to fear is, that when the carapaign is ended, and the fieet returned home. La Feuilliade may be reinforced by 2000 men frora those troops which he left at Nice ; by as raany frora Languedoc and Pro vence ; by a detachment from the Duke of Vendome's army, &c. ; and then he may make an end of us in the winter, when none of our friends can come at us, unless the Queen is pleased to order my Lord Peterborough to leave his redcoats at Nice. You will observe that we do not reckon rauch upon Prince Eugene's assistance at present. I ara, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr. Hill to Lord Peterborough. Turin, the ^^th August, 1705- My Lord, I have received the honour of the letter, which your Lordship was pleased to write to rae, the 7th July. It was brought to Leghorn by the Godolphin-Galley, and sent to rae from thence. So soon as I received it I wrote to Mr. Crowe at Genoa, to desire bira to receive the letters which your Lordship says you will send to his Royal Highness, and to me, by a frigate, and Mr. Crowe will send them hither immedi ately. I have done myself the honour to write to your Lord ship, the 1st, 12th, 19th July, and 2nd inst. I did endeavour in all my letters to give your Lordship the most exact account I could of what did corae to ray knowledge ; and I was very sorry that I could not promise more for the encouragement of so great and good a design, as the attempting of Toulon. I did send to your Lordship the best accounts I could of the situation of affairs about Nice ; and the two officers, whom his Royal Highness sent to your Lordship, would perfect those accounts. By tbe last letters which I got frora Nice, I find that the eneraies have drawn down to the sea-side the 200 dragoons, and the detachraent of foot which was quartered up in the county ; and Mons. Dussone has declared that he will abandon the city of Nice, and retire with all his forces into the castles, and redoubts, which are in his hands, so soon as the fleet appears. I did comraunicate the substance of your Lordship's letter to me, ofthe 7th July, to his Royal Highness, and to Count Maffei, who was his last minister in England. I have been so ill, and am still so indisposed, that I could not 4e 602 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. go to Court these three days ; but I told Count Maffei, who would tell his Master, that the fears and jealousies, of treaties and accommodations, which are comraunicated to us by the enemies, might come to your Lordship's knowledge, and might divert your Lordship from any thoughts of coming so high as Nice. I did therefore desire that his Royal Highness would write to your Lordship himself, desiring your Lordship to raake haste forward, which would be an assurance that he would expect your assistance, and would stifle all the fears, and suspicions, of any accoraraodation with the enemies ; and his Royal Highness will write to you to that purpose to day. I am sorry the letter, which your Lordship was pleased to write to me, the 7th past, says nothing of the powder, which we have so long expected here for his Royal Highness. I sent the Newport and Tartar from Genoa, to look after this powder, in the beginning of May, and I wrote by Capt, Fisher to the Lord Ambassador Methuen, Sir John Leake, and Sir Thomas Dilkes, desiring thera all to forward this ammuni tion to Genoa, or to Oneiglia. I must still take leave to put your Lordship in raind of it, though we hope it will come ,with the frigate which your Lordship designs to send to Genoa. If your Lordship has not yet sent away this aramunition, I must desire most earnestly that you would direct it to be landed at Oneiglia ; not only because we cannot possibly bring it to Piedmont from any other port ; but because we may be as long in getting it from Genoa or Savona to Oneiglia, as we have been to get it from Lisbon, His Royal Highness has some barks laden with powder in Savona ; but the Genoese Governor will not suffer it to be landed ; and the Spanish gal leys have blocked up his barks there these two months, and still hinder thera from going to sea, I must observe to your Lordship, that the Genoese are ill neighbours of late to his Royal Highness, and are far from observing the rules of an exact neutrality between the Queen's allies and her enemies. Since ray last to your Lordship, there is little alteration in our affairs here in Piedmont, though the weight of the whole war here has been reduced for these last twelve days under the walls of Turin, We are working here with great diligence, as if we would abide the utraost extremities of a siege or a bombardment. But I must not conceal frora your Lordship that the tranquillity and inaction of the eneraies for these last ten days did give rae some fears and suspicions, that his Royal MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH, 603 Highness raight be taking other raeasures than what do appear for the preservation of his capital, I have hinted so rauch to Sir Cl, Shovel, in ray last letters to hira ; but, since nothing is yet concluded or determined, it is probable, that if your Lord ship does appear with the Queen's fleet off of Nice, it will give great encouragement to his Royal Highness to hold firm and steady to his engagements with the Queen, and her allies, and be of the utraost consequence to the interest of the great alliance, by keeping the war alive in Italy, and by saving a Prince who has deserved so well frora the allies. We hear little of late of P. Eugene : he does not come forward so fast as we hoped, or expected. The Duke of Vendome still keeps him on the other side of the Adda, and nobody can force lines it seeras, but the Duke of Marlborough. He has done it to purpose in Brabant, where he obtained a great and glorious victory the 18th past: with the loss of 100 men he forced those terrible lines, killed 1000 upon the place of those who would oppose him, made 2500 prisoners, besides 100 officers, obliged the Elector of Bavaria, and the Marechal de Villeroy, to retire in so great confusion, that 2000 of their men deserted in one day ; and the last letters frora those parts left the Duke of Marlborough in the resolution to attack tbe enemies in their carap near Louvain. His Royal Highness was pleased to corae to rae, just now as I am writing, hiraself, desiring me to write to your Lordship in tbe most pressing terms that 1 can, and to urge your coming up to Nice, as the only succours and assistance which he can expect in the extremity which he lies under. His Royal Highness does write himself to your Lordship, to the same purpose, to night ; and be does also write to the Queen a letter of which he will send a duplicate here enclosed to your Lordship, by which you will see that he hopes, not only that your Lordship will come with the fleet, and drive the enemies out of Nice ; but that you will leave him the Queen's troops to drive them also out of Piedmont. I have told his Royal Highness that I thought you must have the Queen's orders to leave her troops ; but that I believed you had sufficient orders to corae to Nice. His Royal High ness says every thing to assure us, that his constancy and reso lution are greater than his sufferings, and that he hopes his allies will not abandon hira, since he does sacrifice his crown and his estates to the interest of his allies. 1 ara, &c. To Lord Peterborough, Sec. Hill. 4e2 604 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. From Mr. Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, [Turin,] |th August, 1705- My Lord, The above letter is a copy of what I had the honour to write to your Lordship, the jjth, which I sent by the way of St Remo, together with one frora his Royal Highness to your Lordship, in which was a duplicate of a letter which his Royal Highness wrote to the Queen. Here is no alteration in our affairs ; only I hear frora Nice that the 200 dragoons are gone frora thence into Provence, from whence it is believ ed they are to come hither to join the Duke de la Feuilliade. I send your Lordship the enclosed account, which I have re ceived by a man I sent on purpose to Toulon, though I think it is but a slight one. The news of the Count de Thou- louse's arrival there is confirraed to me from other hands, and that, upon his arrival, he gave orders for raising all the militia of the town of Toulon, and county of Provence. I hear also that the enemies have charged the mines under the walls of the town of Nice in order to blow them up upon the arrival of the Queen's fleet, which confirms us in our opinion that they design to abandon that town, as I have already told your Lordship. La Feuilliade lies still within sight of our walls with about 17,000 men ; but he is very quiet and inoffensive. It is certain that he is not strong enough to undertake us here at Turin, and raust let us alone till he can be reinforced, which will depend upon the success of the campaign in other parts. I send this by the way of Genoa to be forwarded by the first oc casion. We hear nothing yet of the frigate which your Lord ship proraised to send to Genoa, I ara, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough, Sec, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges, Turin, i^, August, 1705. Sir, I did rayself the honour to write to you, the j^ inst. ; but the courier, who carried those letters, fell into the ene raies' hands. I did write also to you, the ^th, at the earnest desire of his Royal Highness, who wrote hiraself at the same tirae to her Majesty ; and those letters were sent by an ex press through Savoy. The subject of those letters was to beg MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 605 that the Queen would please " to send her orders to ray Lord " Peterborough, not only to corae and drive the eneraies out " of Nice, but to leave the Queen's troops there, for the ser- "vice of his Royal Highness; without which assistance it is " not possible for him to secure his capital, and keep his foot- " ing rauch longer in Piedraont. The scene is a little changed "in Italy since the^th, by the account which we have frora "the Adda, ofthe ^th, when Prince Eugene raade in vain the "utmost efforts possible to serve the Emperor well, and to " save his Royal Highness. The reports which we have here " of that action are yet iraperfect ; but his Royal Highness " seems determined to believe that he raust now no longer " expect any relief from P. Eugene, or from any body, but " the Queen. His Royal Highness does therefore send ano- " ther courier to day to London, with new and raore pressing " instances to her Majesty, desiring her orders to ray Lord " Peterborough to land the Queen's troops at Nice, and to " march them into Piedraont, which he looks upon as his last " anchor ; and if this does not hold, we raust be lost. I durst "not raake any objections, or raise any difficulties which will " naturally occur, in complying with this desire of his Royal "Highness, for fear he should say, that since he is abandon- " ed by all the world, he must shift for himself. I will not " venture to assure [you], that his Royal Highness does not " ask now, what he does foresee raay chance to be refused ; or, " if granted, will be ordered so late, that my Lord Peterbo- " rough will not receive those orders in time. I durst not so " much as ask, who shall pay those troops, if the Queen should " order them to be left here ; or how they shall be recruited ; " or how they shall ever get home, when they have done, or "not done, their work? I will not observe that I have seen " 12,000 Germans, whom Count Guido brought hither, (hardy " Germans accustomed for three years to tbe sun of Italy) " worn down to 4000 in eighteen raonths. But I must not " conceal from you, that the inaction and indolence of La Feu- " illiade for these 22 days past, in which he has not commit- " ted the least act of hostility ; that his sending the bombs " and araraunition which were at Chivas, and Crescentin, down " the river, instead of bringing them up ; and his not making " any magazines at Suze, or anywhere else, equal to any design " of besieging us here in Turin ; that the moderation of the " eneraies in living quietly between the Doire and the Stura, 606 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. "when they raight so easily pass the first of these rivers, and "live so rauch raore in plenty in the plains of Piedraont;" that the condition we are reduced to in Turin, where all our forces, both Gerraans and Savoyards, cannot exceed 5000 raen on foot, and 2500 horse : I raust not conceal frora you, I say, that these and other such considerations do raake " raost people " here believe that his Royal Highness has sorae way to save " his crown, which we do not yet see. But perhaps his own " letters to the Queen will give you security against all our sus- " picions ; and I raust tell you, that I do verily believe the en- " eraies will not corae up to his price ; or he corae down to " their conditions yet." I raust inforra you raore certainly, that La Feuilliade is not at present in any condition to attack us here in Turin. His array cannot exceed 17,000 men, and 5 or 6000 of them are sick. I hear nothing yet of the frigate, wiiich my Lord Peterborough promised, in his letters to me, of the 7th July, to send to Genoa with letters for his Royal Highness. We hear nothing yet of the unlucky ammunition, which we have in vain expected so long. We hear from the sea-coasts that the Queen's fieet entered the straits, the 2nd inst. ; that the Count de Thoulouse is very busy at Toulon, at land, for the defence of the coasts frora Narbonne to .A.ntibes. He has arraed all the .railitia in Provence and Languedoc, and has drawn five battalions frora Nice, which blew up the walls of that town, the 19th inst., and then raarched into Provence, leaving four battalions to keep possession of Villa-Franca, and the castles about it. If my Lord Peterborough should now come to Nice, he would have no hard task to drive the ene mies thence. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, Turin, the ^^ August, 1705. My Lord, I have done myself the honour to write to your Lord ship, the 1st, 12th, and 19th July, 2nd, 15th, and 19th inst.; and his Royal Highness has wrote to you three or four times. I do write oftener to your Lordship than is perhaps necessary, because I fear all my letters will not come safe, and because our affairs here do often alter very rauch in few days. What does not yet alter, is the ill condition to which his Royal MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 607 Highness is reduced, and which does appear to him more violent than it ever was, since the 16th inst. On that day P. Eugene did make a brave and generous effort to pass the Ad da, for the service of the Emperor, and for the deliverance of his Royal Highness. The success did not answer the Prince's intention, nor our hopes. The battle was sore : each side pretends the honour of the day : but our friends could not pass the Adda. This has renewed his Royal Highness's ad dresses to the Queen ; and he sent another courier to London, the ^ inst. ; by which he again desires her Majesty to send her orders to your Lordship to leave the troops, which are aboard your fieet, at Nice, frora whence they raay come into Piedraont. This is wbat his Royal Highness does look upon as his sheet anchor ; and if it does not hold, we must drive ashore. I must now inform your Lordship, that, since ray last, the Corate de Thoulouse sent to Nice, and called thence, in great haste, five battalions of French, which were there in gar rison. On the 19th they blew up the walls of that town, and then raarched in great diligence to Provence, where the said Comte de Thoulouse was asserabling all the militia, having yet no regular land-troops with him, as I could learn, but one regiment of dragoons. The French have now no troops left about Nice, besides four battalions, which keep possession of the town and port of Villa-Franca, and the castles of Montal ban, St. Hospitio, and the tower de Bozo, &c. These four battalions do not make above 1200 raen. If your Lordship should now corae with the fieet, or should only send a detach ment of the fieet with about 3000 redcoats, it is believed that it would be easy to drive the enemies frora Villa-Franca, and the other posts which they have there. Your raen raay now land much more easily than they would have done whilst the enemies were in Nice. We hear nothing yet of the frigate, which your Lordship proraised to send to Genoa with letters for his Royal Highness. We hear nothing yet of the powder, salt-petre, and lead, which we have expected these six raonths. This araraunition carae from England under convoy of Sir Thomas Dilkes. I sent the Newport and Tartar to fetch it the beginning of May. We had patience for some tirae, because Mr. Secretary Hedges sent us word, that your Lordship would take care to forward it hither. I ara directed by Mr. Secre tary Hedges to put the Tartar, and Newport, and Lyrae, and Mary-Galley, under tbe coraraand of the Queen's Adrairals, 608 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. &c. I did order the two first, which I sent frora Gennes in May, to follow the orders of the first fiag : the two last I put under Mr. Crowe's orders, as I was directed. But your Lord ship will now please to dispose of the four as you think best. I hope your Lordship will leave three or four frigates behind you towards Genoa and Leghorn, and the coasts of Italy, or at Villa-Franca, if you restore that port to bis Royal High ness, where they will be of great use. Three or four raiser able galleys of Tursis, which lie in Savona and Genoa, with the help of the barks of Final, keep all the westerraost coasts of Italy in great subjection. It is fit your Lordship should know that there is some fear and suspicion of plague and in fection at Sardinia, and the ships and barks which come thence have no pratique in the ports of Italy. I ara, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough, Sec. Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Duke of Marlborough. Turin, the ^fth August, 1705, My Lord, This enclosed is what I had the honour to write to your Grace, the ,^, past ; and which is fallen into the ene raies' hands. I did not intend it for thera. I believe La Feu illiade will not publish it ; but I think it is fit that your Grace should see what it is. I was not able to deliver your Grace's last letter to his Royal Highness rayself, by which you gave hira advice of what you had done for the Queen, and for him, the 18th past. He was pleased to corae to me the same night, and to say every thing which was fit upon that occasion. I was not sorry to observe, that your Grace has raised and de served even " the envy and jealousy of great Princes. We "raade no rejouissance for your victory, and when I did de- " sire that our artillery raight be fired, I was told, that we " could not spare so rauch powder. It is true that we do want " powder to a very great degree. But I have raade a provi- " sion now of powder rayself against the next occasion which " your Grace will give us. I was under great disquiet for " fifteen days past. The wonderful inoffensiveness of the en- " emies ; the anxiety of our Duke ; the inaction of P. Eu- "gene; the solicitations of the enemies; the violent situation " we are in ; the tenderness of a wife and children, with ma- MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. 609 " ny other things, which I observed, raade me fear that we " were taking new measures for the security of Turin." I am "a little more at ease to day. We are convinced that La Feuilliade can do us no harm now ; and we begin to hope that your Grace and P. Eugene will not leave the eneraies at liber ty to come and besiege us at the end of the campaign. We see that La Feuilliade is detaching three battalions towards Savoy, and we are told that all the voitures and convoys, which were ordered to be ready at Suze, the 1st September, are now countermanded. We begin to discount the great hopes which we had of the fleet, since it is now the 26th August, and we hear nothing of it yet. His Royal Highness has sent two couriers to London to desire the Queen's orders to ray Lord Peterborough to debark the troops, under his coraraand, at Nice, for the defence of Turin, and the rest ofour Piedraont. This day is arrived an officer from P. Eugene with such an ac count ofthe action, of the 16th, as does assure us that all the advantage was on his side, and to convince the enemies that we do understand it so, we have sung Te Deum, to day. The Marechal de Staremberg has obtained leave from the Emper or to go to Vienna, and has received his orders to be gone. But those orders seem to say, it raust be with the consent and agreement of his Royal Highness; and his Royal Highness says, he will not consent. How this will be adjusted I shall tell your Grace in my next. His Royal Highness says, he will send rae a letter for your Grace to night, and I shall en close it herein. I ara, &c. To the Lord Duke of Marlborough, 8fc. Hill. From Mr. Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges. Turin, the ^^th August, 1705. Sir, I have received the honour of your letter, of the 10th July, coraraanding rae to send the four frigates to the Queen's Admirals, and to leave them under their command, &c. I must inform you. Sir, as I have sent notice to Mr. Clarke, that I sent away the Tartar and Newport the beginning of May, and directed thera to seek Sir John Leake, and to obey his orders. I put the Lyrae and Mary-Galley, as you bade me, under Mr. Crowe's directions, and he sent thera, the one in 4f 610 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES, June, the other in July, to look for the fleet, where they are under the coraraand of the Admirals. I did myself the honour to write to you, the ^ inst. ; and I gave my letter to a courier whom his Royal Highness sent express to London, to desire the Queen's orders to my Lord Peterborough to leave the forces, which are aboard the fleet, at Nice, for the defence of Turin, and the rest of our Piedmont. I can say no more on that subject than I did say, -in my letter of the ^^ We seem to be in raore security here to day than we have been since the loss of Chivas. La Feuilliade is very harmless and innocent still, and we impute it to his impotency to do us raore rais chief. His army melts away apace by sickness, and mortality. He has sent three battalions away to Suze, which we think are designed to go to the valleys. The voitures and convoys, which were ordered to fill the raagazines at Suze, are now countermanded. An officer is corae to day from P. Eugene with such an account of the action of the 16th, that we are assured that all the advantage of that day does lie on our side ; and we have sjmg Te Deum here to day for it. We are per suaded that though he could not pass the Adda that day, he is still in a condition to atterapt it, and we are assured of that Prince's good resolutions. His Royal Highness has a courier frora Vienna also this day, with sorae raoney for the Iraperial- ists who are here, and assurances of constant supplies. The Eraperor has also ordered the recruits, which were left in Bavaria, belonging to the regiraents which are in Italy, to come and join their regiments, which will maintain the superiority which we think P. Eugene has, or oblige La Feuilliade to send sorae of the troops which are left with hira, to reinforce the Duke of Vendorae. As things do stand to day, we are convinced that La Feuilliade does not think of besieging us in Turin during this carapaign ; and we hope that P. Eugene, and ray Lord Marlborough, will not leave it in the enemies' power to attempt us in the winter. The hopes we had of the fieet are now under a great discount, since we hear nothing of it this 26th day of August. " His Royal Highness ap- " pears to me to day very hearty, and very resolute. The " Duke of Marlborough has beat the Queen's enemies in Bra- " bant, and P. Eugene has fought them in Italy very seasona- "bly." lam, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. MR. HILL TO MR. STEPNEY. 611 From Mr. Hill to Mr. Stepney. Turin, the 2nd September, S. N., 1705. Sir, I ara sensibly obliged to you for the honour of your letters, of the 7th, and 8th of August, which I received by the courier the raoraent after I had sent ray letter to you the 26th past. I thank you for the fair prospect which you give rae of what is doing, or projecting, at Vienna, for us here : and I will endeavour to give you the best plan I can of our situa tion here to day. The eneraies did certainly think to corae to Turin the beginning of this campaign : the Duke of Vendome was to besiege us here with the army which he had in Italy : La Feuilliade was to come and join him, and in all appearance they would have succeeded. Our long resistance at Chivas gave time to P. Eugene to come ; and his coraing at last into Italy, stronger and better provided than the eneraies expected, broke their raeasures. They had consuraed before Chivas great part of the magazines which were prepared against Turin ; and the Duke of Vendorae being obliged to go down to face P. Eugene, neither could, nor would, leave forces enough with La Feuilliade to undertake the conquest of Turin. He left forty battalions and fifty squadrons with La Feuilliade, with which he made an end at Chivas ; and then he marched with great mettle up to La Venerie, as if he would attempt us here. Our people and our women were frightened. Our raen believed that La Feuilliade would be obliged to send part of his forces to the Duke of Vendorae to oppose P. Eugene, who had got this side the Mincio, and was passed the Oglio with great skill, and great conduct. We were a little surprised to see La Feuilliade come so near to our gates with his forty bat talions and fifty squadrons ; though we believed that was not enough to attempt Turin ; and we knew that it would require a month's time to prepare his raagazines, his artillery, and ara munition, and to settle his convoy by the ways of Suze, or by the ways of Crescentin, and Chivas, equal to such an under taking as the siege of Turin, and we resolved to employ that month, with great diligence and attention, to fill our raaga zines here, and to repair and to increase our works about the town. We were threatened to be bombarded : and for that we saw no reraedy, if the enemies would atterapt it. So soon as La Feuilliade was come to the Venerie, we were told that 4f2 612 MR. HILL TO MR. STEPNEY. he was very busy in preparing his convoys and his ammuni tion at Suze, and at Chivas, and that he expected a detach ment of 15,000 men from the Rhine, or from Languedoc. But La Feuilliade grew on a sudden so civil and so inoffensive ; and kept his troops in so great order and modesty, between the Stura and the Doire, doing us much less raischief than we did expect : he made so little haste also to fill his raagazines ; or to hinder us frora filling ours, that our people here began to believe that his Royal Highness was taking some new mea sures for the defence of his capital. At this time carae the news of ray Lord Marlborough's progress in Brabant ; of P. Lewis's resolution to act, and assurances frora P. Eugene that he would do le possible, et I'impossible to relieve us. About the sarae time came news that our fieet was got into the Me diterranean, and the Count de Thoulouse alarraed the coasts of Provence, and drew the greatest part of the troops, which were in Nice, down to Toulon. We then concluded La Feuilliade could expect no troops, neither from the Rhine, nor from France, till the carapaign is ended in Flanders, and on the Rhine, and at sea. About this tirae carae the news of P. Eu gene's vigourous attempt to pass the Adda on the 16th past; for which action we have sung Te Deum. If the Prince's victory was not so sure and certain as we could wish, and though he did not pass the Adda, which is what was our point de veue, yet we shall be the better for such a battle. We expected the Duke of Vendorae would draw sorae of the troops down from La Feuilliade, and we heard that the convoys and voitures, which were ordered through Savoy, were countermanded. So we concluded that the enemies will leave us aside here for sorae time in Turin, and carry all their attention towards Lorabardy, where the scene of action lies. We are here of opinion that P. Eugene is equal, if not superior, in forces, to the Duke of Vendorae. The French have indeed the advan tages of the places, the posts, and the rivers ; and the Milanese, Mantuan, Modenese, and Montferrat to supply their occasi ons; besides the infinite supplies of money, artillery, and ammunition, and recruits, which corae constantly frora France: all which are supplied very sparingly to P. Eugene. We see nothing to balance all those advantages, but the raerit, the conduct, and valour of P. Eugene, of which we have here the greatest idea that you can iraagine. I can say little to all the projects, which you mention, of getting more troops for Italy. MR. HILL TO MR. STEPNEY. 613 I wish they raay succeed ; but I fear the Dutch will not spare the 4000 Wirtembergers who are in their pay ; and I believe the 8000 Prussians, who are in Italy, have their bellyful of it already, and will give so ill an account of this climate that none of their corarades will care to follow thera. I hope the Bp. of Wurtzburg, or the Duke of Wolfenbuttle, (the old race of the Gibellines,) may be persuaded to send some thou sand poor raen to perish for thera. I ara sorry to see the good Marquis reduced to his Porto de Speccio, which was in ima gination here the last year, and exploded as impracticable, I have the greatest hopes of what the Emperor can send us from Bavaria, which ought to be your nursery for the war in Italy, and Hungary. Amongst all the projects for supporting the Emperor's interests and honour in Italy, raethinks you should have thought of making peace in Hungary. I am certainly convinced that the Emperor is not able to carry on those two wars together for many good reasons, I raust tell you now that his Royal Highness, and Count Guido, have been uneasy to each other a good while, and raany little subjects of mutual vexation have passed between them not worth remembering. Now the Eraperor has recalled his Marshal, by the most gra cious letter which I ever saw, and has wrote to his Royal Highness to let him begone ; his Royal Highness has taken it into his head to keep him here, as if he was our Palladium. He sent his Secretary of State to me yesterday, (because I was not able to go to Court,) to tell me, as the Queen's rainister, as well as the Marshal's friend, that he should not go before the return of a courier whom his Royal Highness has sent to Vienna upon that subject, and that if he did go, then he, his Royal Highness, protested that he would be no longer charged with the Eraperor's interests in Italy, nor be responsible for what raight happen. This raessage, you may be sure, made me well enough to go to Court, and I have been labouring, as I ought, ever since ; though I fear to little purpose. Perhaps I may tell you more of this at the end of ray letter. I dare not venture to tell you all I know of the dispostions which were raade in London for the operations of the fleet ; but I find the execution has not followed. The cipher which you have sent rae will not easily serve for so long a relation. My Lord Peterborough wrote to rae, the 7th July, and promised to write to rae again speedily, by a frigate which he would send to Genoa ; but I hear notiiing yet of his frigate. I have 614 MR. HILL TO MR. STEPNEY. wrote to his Lordship, or Sir Cloudesiey, about eight times, and his Royal Highness has sent them two of his officers well acquainted with these seas. I raust not forget to tell you that we may hold out here very well two months longer in expec tation of assistance, because La Feuilliade has begun to send some of his troops towards Lorabardy, and sorae raore into the valleys of Lucerne, and the rest do raelt away apace by sick ness and raortality. I cannot get the raeraoires you speak of, for love, or raoney : nobody dares bring thera this side the Alps. I wish you would be so kind as to send thera to me, by the first courier who comes hither. His Royal Highness was so positively resolved not to let the Marshal go before the re turn of his courier, that we were in great pain here, until the Marshal consented to wait so long. We now expect his Ma jesty's orders again to decide the controversy. His Royal Highness has reason to keep him here if he can : the Emper or has reason to send him to Hungary. He has more raerit and capacity, raore virtue and honour, than raost raen, which do, or ought to, weigh down some little passions which render him less agreeable, not less capable, of great things. I am, &c. To Mr, Stepney, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote the sarae day to Lord Sunderland. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the 2nd Septeraber, S.N., 1705. Sir, To make what is to follow more intelligible, I raust tell you, that for sorae tirae past his Royal Highness, and the Marshal de Stareraberg, have been very uneasy to each other. The Marshal is, and ought to be, under the orders of his Royal Highness, who is Generalissirae of the Emperor's ar mies in Italy. But as the Marshal has supposed all along that his Royal Highness did use him with less ceremony than was due to a Marshal of the Eraperor, so his obedience was less raannerly than his Royal Highness required. The solid vir tue and honour of the Marshal, his great merit and capacity, and the services, which he has done in Piedraont, have often prevailed over the passions and resentraents of the one, and the other. When Chivas was lost, and that the appearances were great that we were to be besieged here in Turin, his Royal MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 615 Highness intended to leave the defence of his capital to the Marshal ; but as he had desired to be gone to Vienna, and had some intimation, that the Emperor intended to recall him from hence, he resolved not to be shut up in Turin. Since those contradictory resolutions of the Duke and the Marshal were taken, we have never had one good day betwixt thera. The last week came a courier from Vienna, who brought a letter to the Marshal, a very gracious letter, wrote by the Em peror's own hand, by which his Majesty recalls the Marshal, and bids hira come iraraediately to Vienna, that he raay cora raand his arraies in Hungary. The Emperor sent hira, at the same time, a letter for his Royal Highness, by which he gives hira advice of this, and of the reasons why he does recall the Marshal. When the Marshal delivered the letter to his Roy al Highness from the Emperor, and desired the honour of his commands for Vienna, his Royal Highness showed great dis pleasure, and said he would not consent to his departure, till the return of a courier whom he had despatched to Vienna upon this subject. The Marshal seeraed surprised, and mo ved, at this resolution of his Royal Highness, and desired me to go and to acquaint him, that the Marshal thought himself obliged, in honour and conscience, to obey the Eraperor, his raaster ; but he passionately desired to depart with the con sent, and good-will, and satisfaction, of his Royal Highness. The Marshal left to me the choice of the terras in which I should desire his Royal Highness to give him leave to be gone; and I did employ the raost soft and raost respectful expres sions, that I could imagine. His Royal Highness was not to be moved : he would not consent to let the Marshal go till the return of his courier frora Vienna ; and it was not possible to persuade the Marshal to suspend his obedience to the Eraper or's coraraands till the return of that courier. Whilst things were in this posture his Royal Highness told me, that if the Marshal did leave him in this manner — elle ne repondroit plus des evenemens ; His Royal Highness told Count Tawn, who is to command the Imperialists after the Marshal's depart ure — quelle ne se char geroit plus des interets de L' Empereur : His Royal Highness sent his first Secretary of State twice to rae, to tell rae in good forra, that if the Marshal did go away, without his consent, before the return of his courier — S,A.R, protestoit de tous les evenemens, et que cette affaire auroit des suites fdcheuses, et terribles. I was willing to believe 616 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. that these expressions, and these messages, raeant no raore but that his Royal Highness would frighten the Marshal into a corapliance with his desire, and engage me to labour with the Marshal, as I have done very seriously. I did not know but that these expressions raight signify soraething more, and therefore I assured his Royal Highness that I would employ all the friendship and confidence with which the Marshal did honour me, to persuade him, if I could, to subrait to his Roy al Highness's pleasure ; but if the Marshal should resolve to strict and literal obedience to the Eraperor's coraraands, I ho ped his Royal Highness would not impute to the Queen, and the rest of his allies, any froward and precipitate resolution of the Marshal ; that I hoped his Royal Highness, who had so gloriously supported the difficulties under which he had la boured so long, would not abandon the interests of his own crown, and his honour, as well of his allies, though the Mar shal should be gone, any more than he would have done if the Marshal had been knocked in the head at Verrue, or at Chivas ; that the Queen had never raade any alliance with the Marshal, or perhaps ever heard of hira, but that all her ex pectations were frora his Royal Highness alone. To all which his Royal Highness only said that he would not be affronted or contradicted by the Marshal. What I had reason to fear raost yesterday was, that the Marshal would take a very vio lent resolution ; for seeing that he could not have leave to go, and that he was likely to be stopped, if he went without leave, I feared he was capable of putting hiraself at the head of the Eraperor's forces, vjhich are under his orders and to raarch away with them all, the best way he could, to join P. Eugene ; which would have been sudden death to all the affairs of Piedmont. By good fortune I brought things yesterday to a negotiation. His Royal Highness was persuaded to give the Marshal, in writing, the reasons why he will not consent to his departure, till the return of his courier. His Royal High ness does also promise to charge himself towards the Em peror with the Marshal's delays in the execution of his orders. His Royal Highness does promise to let the Marshal be gone so soon as his courier arrives, unless the Emperor does deter mine otherwise. I think this storm is over now, and the Marshal will expect the return of his Royal Highness's cou rier. I have " been in great disquiet this last week between " two persons, equally capable of the most desperate and vio- - MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES, ETC. 617 " lent resolutions." We begin to feel the effects of Prince Eugene's late action of the 16th past ; in which he certainly had the better, in all respects, except that he could not pass the Adda. The Duke de la Feuilliade is obliged to send a detachment down to Lombardy, and is not strong enough now to do us rauch harra. The letters frora Nice, and the sea- coasts, say, that the Queen's fieet was at Barcelona the 17th past. But I hear nothing yet of the frigate which ray Lord Peter borough proraised to send to Genoa ; nor of the Duke's am raunition. I ara, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Lord Treasurer, Turin, the |^ August, 1705. My Lord, This is what I did myself the honour to write to your Lordship, the j^ inst., which fell into the enemies' hands, and I ara sorry for it. I should scarce repeat it to your Lordship to night, since I must write at large to Mr. Secretary, but to let you see what the eneraies have got from me. Our affairs here are still upon a very uncertain foot. " His Royal High- " ness, I believe, has been negotiating pretty warmly during "all the month of August. Whether he would abuse his " friends, or his enemies, I cannot tell. Whether the French " wiU come up to his terms, or he come down to theirs, I believe "is not yet deterrained. I ara afraid almost of my Lord " Marlborough's victories, and of P. Eugene's battles, which " his Royal Highness will apply perhaps only to the mending " of his bargain." I have received to night a bill frora Mr. Brydges, which will enable me to clear your Lordship's account here till the 3rd December. I could wish I had rather received your Lordship's orders to let the Duke's treasurer draw his bills upon Count Brian9on, or Galdi, for the value of 106,666f crowns, which your Lordship might pay in London after the value was received here. I cannot well tell whether Hugetan has cheated the King of France, or whether those ministers have cheated hira : I think the first. I am told he owes a million of crowns in France ; and thathe cannot pretend above 200,000 crowns from that Court. He has put the Banks of Paris, and Lyons, into great disorder. I am. Sec, To the Lord Treasurer, Hill. 4g 618 MR. HILL TO THE LORD DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. From Mr, Hill to the Lord Duke of Marlborough, Turin, the 2nd Septeraber, S.N. 1705. My Lord, I had the honour to write to your Grace, the 26th past ; and I sent you, at the sarae tirae, a letter from his Royal Highness, by which he did felicitate your Grace upon your glorious success of the 18th July. We feel now the good effects of P. Eugene's late vigourous action on the 16th past. He could not get over the Adda : in all other respects he had all the advantages which we could desire. We reckon that 5000 of tbe enemies fell that day, amongst whora were a dis proportionate number of officers. The Prince had about 4000 killed, or wounded. We could perceive that the enemies were under great consternation after that day. They expect to be beaten whenever your Grace, and P. Eugene, will undertake it. The Duke de la Feuilliade is obliged to send about 4 or 5000 raen down to Lorabardy to reinforce the Duke de Ven dorae ; and what is left here in Piedmont will not be able to do us any harra. If the Duke de la Feuilliade can secure all they have got in Piedraont, and maintain their line of com munication from France to the Milanese, it is all he can do, in the condition he is, whilst one third of his army is in the hospitals. The Emperor has proraised to send 10,000 recruits to P. Eugene's array before winter. I believe 2 or 3000 which are in Bavaria will come. The Emperor's orders, which recall ed the Marshal de Staremberg from hence in order to take upon him the command in Hungary, were very plain and pos itive. But his Royal Highness would not let him go, by any means, till the return of a courier whom his Royal Highness had sent to Vienna on that subject. I was under great dis quiet, till the last night that the Marshal was persuaded, with great raanageraent, to subrait to his Royal Highness's resolu tions. I had the honour to " serve thera both, and dare say " there never were two persons more incompatible, and raore " capable of violent and desperate resolutions. Our affairs " here are still upon a very uncertain foot. His Royal High- " ness, I believe, has been negotiating pretty warraly during "all the month of August. Whether he would abuse his " friends, or his enemies, I cannot tell. Whether the French " will corae up to his terras, or he corae down to theirs, I believe " is not yet deterrained. I ara afraid almost of your Grace's MR. HILL TO THE LORD DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. 619 " victories, and of P. Eugene's battles, which his Royal High- " ness will apply perhaps only to the mending of his bargain." All my letters from the sea-coasts, this last week, say, that the Queen's fleet appeared before Barcelona, the 17th past; and all the advices frora the enemies' quarters say, that the Catelans were ready to receive their friends, which causes great consternation, as well at Paris as at Milan. If P. Eugene is able to push his point, and give the enemies one other blow, like the last, I am persuaded that he will set the state of Mi lan, and the French which are in Italy, upon their heads. I ara, &c. To the Lord Duke of Marlborough. Hill. From Mu Hill to the Earl of Peterborough. Turin, the 3rd Sept. S. N. 1705. My Lord, The last, which I did myself the honour to write to your Lordship, was of the ^ August ; when I gave your Lordship an account of our affeirs here, and of the passion with which bis Royal Highness desired to hear of your Lord ship at Nice. We are still here in the same situation as we were then. The five battalions, which the French drew from Nice, are still employed upon the coasts of Provence, and four more are stiU at ViUa-Franca, and in the castles which defend that port. We do now feel here the good effects of Prince Eugene's action on the Adda, the 16th past. The French lost that day 5000 men, and a great many officers : the Prince lost about 4000. This has obliged the D. de la Feuilliade to make a detachment frora his airay down to the Duke de Ven dorae, and he has not now forces enough left to undertake anything against us here at present, though he has been en camped this month "within sight of our walls. We hear no thing yet of the frigate, which your Lordship promised, the 7th of July, to send with letters for his Royal Highness. Nor do we yet hear anything of the powder and ammunition, which we have expected so long. His Royal Highness does earnestly desire that your Lordship would send that araraunition so soon as is possible, and that you would please to send it to Oneiglia, unless you should resolve to send a detachraent of your fleet and forces to Nice. The season is now so far advanced, that 4g2 620 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. I dare say no more to your Lordship, but to pray for your good success, and to assure you that, I ara, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough. ¦ Hill. From Mr. Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, the 9th Septeraber, 1705. Sir, I had the honour to write to you, the 2nd inst., aild sent ray letter by express to Florence, " because our friends, " as well as our eneraies, have been very curious, of late, to " see all ray letters, which I send, or receive," The Mareschal de Stareraberg does expect the return of his Royal Highness's courier frora Vienna ; but he expects him with great impa tience. I wish he would never come, provided the Mareschal would stay with us here. We shall want hira now ; for the enemies seera to be raore in earnest with us than they have been the month past. The 6th inst. the Duke de la Feuilliade raarched up as near as he could to our walls, for fear of our can non. He can corae no nearer, unless he opens his trenches. However, he does not frighten us yet in the least. He has not above 10,000 foot, and 4000 horse, at most with hira, which cannot suffice for the siege of Turin, which has fourteen good bastions, a good citadel, and good outworks. If he will needs bombard us, we must have patience. Our gates are all open yet, and the Royal family is yet in the palace. The Duke de la Feuilliade has not yet a train of artillery with him, or a stock of amraunition sufficient to so great an undertaking. He expects to be supplied from Chivas, and from Suze : but that will require sorae tirae. He did expect a reinforcement of sorae troops frora Provence, and Languedoc ; but the flarae which is kindled, I hope, in Catalonia, will require all the forces, and all the attention of the eneray that way. In the raean tirae. La Feuilliade is a very ill neighbour, but a very harraless eneray. He sent us word yesterday, that he desires to see no more of our trumpets, and that he will send none to Turin ; and that he has received orders from Court not to hearken to any exchange of any prisoners. Our young Prince of Piedmont has been ill this last week of diarrhea, and has given us more disquiet than the enemies do. All our altars have been set at work for him ; for it is a lovely Prince, and of great expectation. " We are in a very odd situation here ; MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES, ETC. 621 " the eneraies are as near us as they can be ; a little river be- " tween us, over which they have laid two bridges. If their " curiosity brings thera nearer, we fire at them : if we go " to look at them, they fire at us. We are neither invested, " nor besieged, nor straitened on any side, but towards the " enemies' carap. It is neither peace, nor war, nor truce, nor " like any of the three." I am, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Lord Treasurer. Turin, the jgth September, 1705. My Lord, The state of the damned is, they say, eternal despair. A sad condition no doubt. Yet those poor devils know what they have to trust to. Our situation here is worse to day. " I keep the last bill, which Mr. Brydges sent rae, in ray " pocket ; and I say that I have not received it. I shall pro- " duce it tirae enough to be sure : I ara only afraid I shall " produce it too soon. I beg pardon of your Lordship for " having told a lie here. I have no pardon to ask here of any- " body. I shall write raore at large to Mr. Secretary Hedges " to day." I pray you to believe that, I ara, &c. To the Lord Treasurer. Hill. From Mr Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, the ^th Septeraber, 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the 9th. We are here to day almost in the sarae situation we were then. Upon the 9th, the eneraies finished two bridges over the Doire, though it is fordable alraost everywhere, and secured that post with a redoubt, and four pieces of cannon. Ever since the Duke de la Feuilliade has been very busy, as if he were resolved to besiege, or to borabard us. We cannot think that he is strong enough to execute the first of those designs ; but his Royal Highness is not strong enough to prevent the latter. The eneraies have eraployed the last ten days in fortifying their carap, and filling it with artillery, and amraunition, which they bring frora Chivas. They have enough for a borabard- raent. They have not enough, by any means, for a siege. They 622 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. may bombard us from the place where they are. They can not besiege us till they come over the Doire. We are told that the Duke de la Feuilliade is to begin the work so soon as he is ready, and that he is to be reinforced frora other places, when the carapaign is ended. I cannot but observe that the eneraies seem to have dated their resolutions to attack Turin from the 18th August ; when they saw folks would not let the Duke of Marlborough bring succours at one blow to all the Queen's allies. We are even weary of expecting relief from P. Eugene, who has not so much as wrote to his Royal High ness since the 29th past. We think he has been equal at least, if not superior, to the Duke of Vendome all this cam paign ; but we know that he has wanted a great raany things, which have been largely supplied to his enemies. Amongst other things he wants officers, fit and capable to assist him. The Mareschal de Stareraberg is here still, though of little use now to his Royal Highness ; because he only expects the re turn of a courier from Vienna to be gone, which courier might have been here ten days since. " The last night his Royal Highness sent for me, and I had " the honour of a long conversation with hira, which did, by " no raeans, delight me. He said much of the violent situa- " tion, and the extremity, to which he is reduced ; of his suf- " ferings and his sacrifices for the interests of his allies ; of the " inexecution of his treaties ; of the danger he raay run of " being forgotten, at last, at a treaty for a general peace. I " said the best I could, but was in great pain lest his Royal " Highness should explain himself farther. Our conversation " ended in sending another bark to my Lord Peterborough, " earnestly desiring hira to come to Villa-Franca, if it is pos- " sible ; or, at least, to send his Royal Highness his own pow- " der, and amraunition, for which I sent two of the Queen's " frigates in May, and for which I have wrote about ten letters " to the Queen's Adrairals. I did raake another proposal to " his Royal Highness, which is, to send the Mareschal de Sta- " reraberg to P. Eugene, to desire hira to send a detachment " of 8 or 10,000 raen over the Po about Plaisance, if it is pos- " sible, which the Mareschal raay lead, if he pleases, into " Piedmont, the same way that he came hither alraost two "years since. I had made this proposal two months since; " and then the Mareschal did consent to it, but his Royal " Highness would not. Now I fear the Mareschal will make MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 623 " some difficulties, though his Royal Highness does desire it. " We have been at work, since I began to write this letter, and " the Mareschal is persuaded to go to P. Eugene, to carry a " system from hence for our relief, and to assist at the execu- " tion of it." If the Duke de la Feuilliade will be content to bombard us, I may tell you next week that he has begun his work. I hear from the sea-coasts, that the Queen's arras are successful in Catalonia. We hear nothing yet from my Lord Peterbo rough. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to the sarae purpose to the Duke of Marl borough, the ^th September, 1705. From Mr, Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, Turin, the jjth Septeraber, 1705. My Lord, I have had the honour to write to your Lordship, the 1st, 12th, 19th July; 2nd, 15th, 19th, 23rd August; and 3rd inst. ; and his Royal Highness has wrote several tiraes also to your Lordship. I did endeavour to give you always the best account I could of the situation of our affairs here. I did give you the best account I could of the strength of the eneraies at Nice, from whence they drew five battalions down to the coasts of Provence, about the time they expected the Queen's fieet was to be in those seas. I told your Lordship that they had left four battalions at Villa-Franca, which could raake no very great resistance, I believe, if the Queen's service should perrait your Lordship to come up so high with the fleet. His Royal Highness has earnestly desired of the Queen that your Lordship might come thither, and has hoped you would corae, from the advices which Count Brian9on has sent hira frora London. It is upon those hopes that his Royal Highness does despatch this express to your Lordship, to press and solicit you to corae so high. Indeed the condition to which his Royal Highness is reduced does require and deserve all the attention of his allies. The eneraies are now as near to us as they can corae, unless they open their trenches. They have invested us, on one side of Turin, ever since the 6th inst, and have been working very hard these ten days, as if they were resolved to 624 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. t besiege, or bombard us here. The advantages which P. Eugene had, the 16th past, have yet brought him no nearer to us for our relief. The Duke de Vendorae is so well posted on the banks of the Adda, that he thinks himself strong enough, and leaves the Duke de la Feuilliade forty battalions, and fifty squadrons, to carry on the war of Piedmont. The firmness, and constancy, and resolution, of his Royal Highness, to ex^ pect the last extremities, and to give time to his friends to come to his relief, do certainly deserve a great deal. La Feu illiade does not seera strong enough to undertake a formal siege here ; but he expects to be reinforced frora other places at the end of the carapaign. If he will be content to bom bard us, he raay begin his work in two or three days. He seeras to have altered his raeasures several tiraes since he came within sight of Turin ; but for the last ten days he seems to be in earnest, and his Royal Highness seems as resolute to abide the utraost extreraities. His Royal Highness is still raaster of the castle of Nice, from whence he can facilitate your Lordship's designs upon Villa-Franca. It will be of infinite merit to restore the town and port of Villa-Franca to his Royal Highness, which will open him a communication with the rest of the world. I raust always put your Lordship in mind of the powder, and araraunition, which his Royal Highness has so long expected, and which was sent from England so long since, under the care of Sir Thomas Dilkes. We have expected, with great impatience, the letters which your Lordship said you would send for his Royal Highness by the frigates which you promised to send to Genoa. We do impatiently desire to hear of your Lordship's good success in Catalonia, and it will be of great use to us in Italy to hear of it. I am, &c. To the Earl qf Peterborough, Hill. Mr, Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, Turin, the ^th September, 1705. My Lord, I received this day, by Capt. Victorio, the honour of your Lordship's letter, of the 28tli August, to which I must raake the plainest answer that I can in haste ; because his Royal Highness says he will despatch the said Victorio back to your Lordship to night. I am very sorry to find, that any letter of raine should have occasioned a change in the whole MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 625 scene of the war, andhave diverted the fleet, and 10,000 we^i, from the relief of the Duke of Savoy, I ara sure I never meant any such thing. What I did write concerning any as sistance, which his Royal Highness could give this year to the Queen's forces, in any attempt upon Toulon, was all very true, and very necessary for your Lordship's conduct ; and I think his Royal Highness did write as much to your Lord ship, the j^ July. In all the letters which I have had the honour to write to your Lordship since, viz., the 1st, 12th, 19th July ; the 2nd, 15th, 19th, 23rd August ; and the 3rd and 16th Sept., and in my letters of the 8th and 14th June, and 15th July to the Honourable Sir Cl. Shovel, I did en deavour to give your Lordship the truest account I could of the situation of affairs here, and at Nice, which have altered several times this summer ; and I always gave you the best account I could of those alterations. I think I never said any thing which could discourage any designs your Lordship might have upon the coasts of Italy. I ara sure I intended to say everything, which I could say, truly, and with regard to the Queen's service, to encourage your Lordship's coraing to Nice, if the Queen's fieet and troops were not eraployed upon greater services in other places. I told your Lordship how passion ately his Royal Highness did desire the fleet raight come to Nice. I desired that Captain Victorio, and Captain Sofi, might be sent to your Lordship with a plan of Nice, and a descrip tion of those coasts, and to shew your Lordship the way thi ther, if you found it was for the Queen's service to corae. 1 find nothing, in all ray letters, which seeras to have had force enough to turn the Queen's arras to Catalonia, which were designed for Italy, as your Lordship is pleased to say. I said, and did, all I could to invite your Lordship to Nice, with great subraission always to other services. I ara not less sorry at what your Lordship says, that you wonder at my letters which seem to expect to see the fleet on the coasts of Italy, when I had intimated that I hoped they might be employed more use fully elsewhere, 8fc. I only raeant, that I hoped your Lord ship would get honour, and do great service on the coasts of France, or Spain, at Cadiz, at Barcelona, or at Toulon. If all those failed, I should be glad to see the fleet at Nice. The wishes of this nature, which I raade in May, or June, should not appear wonderful to your Lordship, notwithstanding the calms and Levants, &c. ; since your Lordship says, in your 4h 626 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. letter of the 28th August, S. V., that you will come to Nice, which is more indeed than I did expect. I never said, nor could say, rauch to deterraine your Lordship's expedition to Catalo nia. I only knew, as everybody else did, that the people there were disposed to a revolt. I left it to Mr. Crowe, whose business it was, to give your Lordship the best advice he could of that raatter. As to what I raay have said concerning the nuraber of the French which were at Nice, &c., I raust own that it was my opinion, and of every sensible man here, that the 20 battalions, and 18 squadrons, which were at that time with La Feuilliade in the county of Nice, would have been more raischievous to his Royal Highness, if they had come very early this spring into Piedraont. I did also believe they would have been raore in your way, if they had been in Pro vence, or towards the frontiers of Catalonia. The conduct of the eneraies during this campaign has confirmed that opinion. For the Duke of Vendome could not carry on the war in Pi edraont, and secure the frontiers of tbe Milanese, against P. Eugene, till La Feuilliade came to join bira before Chivas with ten of those battalions, and twelve of those squadrons, from Nice, which ten battalions, and twelve squadrons, are now actually in tbe enemies' lines before Turin, and are more troublesorae than when they were in the county of Nice. Be sides this, we saw that so soon as the Queen's fieet came up the Mediterranean, the Corate de Thoulouse sent for five raore of the battalions, and six corapanies of dragoons, which La Feuilliade had left at Nice, to guard the coasts of Provence, and to march, as occasion should be, to the borders of Cata lonia ; and I supposed they would be raore offensive to your Lordship in those places than they would have been at Nice, since I believed that your Lordship would atterapt something on the coasts of Catalonia, or Provence. But be it, as it will, my Lord, I wrote what I thought was for the Queen's service, and according to the different situation we were in here since the beginning of the year. I ara sorry if ray letters did not please your Lordship ; but I desire you would believe, that I could see things here upon the place much clearer than a wiser man could do at a greater distance. I was to write things as they are, not as one would have them to be. I am, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough. Hill. ' I Of this letter, Mr. Hill remarks, that he did not send it to Lord Peterborough. MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 627 Fr(ym Mr. Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, Turin, the |,th September, 1705. My Lord, I received yesterday, by Capt. Victorio, the letter which your Lordship was pleased to write to rae, the 28tli August. I can say nothing but to the latter part of it, which I did comraunicate immediately to his Royal Highness, who will tell your Lordship himself how sensible he is of so great and so seasonable a succour as 6000 foot, and 800 dragoons. He desires me to tell your Lordship, that he hopes you do think of landing them either at Nice, or at Oneiglia ; for Porto Specia is quite out of our way. I can say no raore to your Lordship concerning Nice than I have said in ray former let ters. The castle of Nice is still in his Royal Highness's pos session, and so is the town of Nice now, since the eneraies did blow up tbe walls, and abandon it. They are still raasters of the town, and port, and castle of Villa-Franca, and ofthe tower de Bozo, in all which places they have four battalions ; and they have a detachraent of 300 men at Sospello, which is a pass between the county of Nice, and Piedmont. The first service,- which his Royal Highness would desire from your Lordship, would be to drive his enemies from Villa-Franca, in which action you will have the advice and assistance of the garrison which is in the castle of Nice ; and if it pleases God to give you success in that enterprize, it will be glorious for your Lordship, and of great advantage to his Royal Highness, and of great use to the Queen's troops, to have a port open, and a communication by sea with the rest of the World. If your Lordship does take the castles of Villa-Franca, and of St. Hospitio, and does then desire to leave a garrison of English, and of Dutch, in one, or both, of those places, I hope his Royal Highness will not refuse it. If your Lordship does land at Nice, and drive the enemies out of Villa-Franca, the way is then open frora thence into Piedraont. There is no opposition but only frora the 300 raen at Sospello, which will not abide your coraing thither. I shall endeavour to get bread for your raen on the borders of the county of Nice, ready to be brought to you, so soon as you can open the way from Piedmont to Nice. But I must advise your Lordship that you will find no forage for 800 horse in all the county of Nice, and your dra goons raust raake haste to get into Piedmont ; and if there is 4h2 628 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. any forage left aboard the transport-ships, we must endeavour to get it ashore. I did advise your Lordship, in my letters of the 19th and 23rd past, that his Royal Highness had addressed hiraself to the Queen, and to the States-General, desiring that the fleet might corae as high as Nice, and land their forces there. His Royal Highness has received a favourable answer frora the States, and letters for Adrairal Alleraonde, and Ma- jor-General Scrattenbach, with their orders, agreeable to the desires of his Royal Highness, which orders, the bearer hereof will carry to thera. I have assured his Royal Highness, that your Lordship will bring up his powder and amraunition with you, and he desires, by all means, that it may come to Nice, or to Oneiglia : he has no way to get it from Porto Specia, but by bringing it back again to Oneiglia, or to Nice, by sea. I must also advise your Lordship, that frora Porto Specia there is no coraraunication to be had, as things do now stand, either with P. Eugene, or with Piedraont. I should be very sorry ifl have said anything, in any of my letters, which does not agree with your Lordship's ideas. I always wrote things as I ap prehended thera to be, not as I did wish they might be ; and the face of our affairs has altered here very oft this sum mer, according to which I was to alter my relations. La Feu illiade was at Nice, with 20 battalions, and 800 horse, till the end of April, and it would not have been easy to get ashore there then. He left nine battalions there till the end of Au gust, when five of thera were drawn to raeet your Lordship on tbe coasts of Provence, where they are at present with ten battalions of marines ; aud now your Lordship will find only four battalions at Villa-Franca, and nothing in Nice, unless sorae of those battalions, which are now in Provence, can march faster by land than your Lordship can come thither by sea. The Duke de la Feuilliade lies very close upon us here at Turin ever since the 5th of August. He can come no nearer, unless he opens his trenches. He has spent seven weeks in bringing up his artillery, and amraunition, and fortifying his camp ; but I think he is not strong enough to besiege us. His Royal Highness has spent all that tirae in preparing here for a vigourous defence, and seems resolved to abide the utmost extreraities. The succours, which your Lordship does promise to bring hira, will, in all appearance, break his chains, and set him at liberty. The eneraies have used great art in raaking the world believe that his Royal Highness would not suffer MB. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH, ETC. 629 his capital to be taken, or destroyed ; but the brave Prince seems to have set his foot against the wall, as if he would ex pect your Lordship's assistance. I ara, &c. To the Edrl of Peterborough, Hill. From Mr. Hill to Captain Scot, Turin, the ^th September, 1705. Sir, This is to desire you to receive Captain Victorio aboard you, and to carry hira back to the fieet with the letters which he has frora his Royal Highness, the Duke of Savoy, and from rae, for the Earl of Peterborough. I raust also desire you to make all possible despatch in getting your ship cleaned ; or even to go without cleaning, because the letters, with which Captain Victorio is charged, do require great diligence. I am. Sec, To Captain Scot, Sec, Hill. From Mr. Hill to Captain Scot. 2^th September, 1705. Sir, By my Lord Peterborough's letter of the 28th past, which you brought rae, I ara persuaded that the fleet will be gone frora Barcelona, before you can arrive there. Perhaps it may be coming eastward ; and therefore I desire you will stand in so near with Antibes, and the coasts of Provence, as that you raay be able to discover the fleet, if it should be coming up this way. I ara, &c. To Capt, Scot : to be opened at Sea, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Lord Treasurer, Turin, the il^ Septeraber, 1705. My Lord, I have received the honour of the letter, which your Lordship was pleased to write to rae, the 10th August. I hurably thank you for it, and for the leave which you are pleased to give me to return home, whenever the Queen's ser vice will admit of it. I do desire your Lordship to believe. 630 HR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. that I will not abuse the liberty which you give me. It was indeed with regard to the Queen's service, as much as to my friendship to Mr. Chetwynd, that I desired to leave him behind me here ; since he is well acquainted with this Court now. But he and I shall be entirely satisfied with the Queen's or ders, whatever they are. Three days since I received letters from ray Lord Peterborough, dated the 28th August. He sent thera in the Mary-Galley, by an officer of his Royal High ness whom we sent hence to his Lordship about the " middle " of July, inviting his Lordship to corae up to Nice. My " Lord does tell rae in his letters, that the siege of Barcelona " was irapracticable, and that he was resolved to corae to Nice, " and to land there 6000 foot, and 800 dragoons, which should " stay here aU winter for the service of his Royal Highness." I did comraunicate all this iraraediately to his Royal Highness, whose joy was proportioned to the hopes and assurances " which I could give hira, that ray Lord Peterborough would " raake good his promises, and appear quickly at Nice. His "Royal Highness received letters, the same day, from the " Hague, by which the States consented to let their troops " corae to Nice, and to stay there, provided the Queen was "pleased to let her troops come thither. All which agreeing " with the sense of your Lordship's letter, of the 10th August, " and of my Lord Peterborough's letter, of the 28th ditto, did " give his Royal Highness great encouragement." To add to his satisfaction I gave hira, at the same time, the last bill which I received from Mr. Brydges, with which I have cleared your Lordship's account till the beginning of December. I am now busy in preparing " the best I can for the reception of my " Lord Peterborough, and his redcoats at Nice." I did my self the honour to write to your Lordship, the 31st August, and 16th instant. The fate of Turin does not yet seem' de terrained. I ara verily persuaded that La Feuilliade is not yet strong enough to besiege us ; and perhaps he will not be engaged in such an enterprise till he can be reinforced from other places. At the end of this raonth we shall see what disorder Hugetan has caused at Lyons. I am told the French King has ordered four millions of livres for payment of those who were engaged innocently, and for the King's service, with Hugetan. I ara, &c. To the Lord Treasurer, Hill. MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 631 From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the ^^ Septeraber, 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to ray Lord Treasurer sometime since, desiring that he would give me leave to write to you, in order to obtain the Queen's perraission to come home, when I perceived that her service here would not suffer by my departure. I did, at the sarae tirae, design to recoraraend to the honour of your protection Mr. Chetwynd, who has been here now almost two years, and being perfectly acquainted with this Court, and by his other good qualities, was very ca pable to carry on the Queen's service, and to be ray successor. I have now received the honour of a letter frora ray Lord Treasurer, in which he is pleased to tell rae, that I raay hope to have leave to quit my post here, when the service wiU per mit it ; but that I shall have a successor sent from England. We do both of us acquiesce, as we ought, with great subrais sion to those resolutions : yet I cannot but represent to you, that if Mr. Chetwynd had been left here, having already let ters of credence to his Royal Highness, the Queen's service would have been carried on without any interraission. I can not in conscience say less in favour of an honest and sober Gentleman, who has been very useful to rae here, and who has endeavoured to qualify hiraself so well for the Queen's service abroad. I ara, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Lord Duke of Marlborough, Turin, the ^ Septeraber, 1705. My Lord, I did rayself the honour to write to your Grace, the 16th inst. ; since then I have received the letter which your Grace was pleased to write to rae the 21st past. His Royal Highness is perfectly well convinced of the Queen's goodness, and of your Grace's attention, for his relief and assistance. He does hope that sorae of the proposals, which have been raade at Vienna for reinforcing P. Eugene's army, will suc ceed ; because the Eraperor does seera raore attentive to the war in Italy than his predecessor was. Yet he does not ac count upon any of those projects so much, as he does upon the 632 MR. HILL TO THE LORD DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. troops of Wirtemberg, if the Queen, and the States, do consent to let thera come into Italy. I must here observe to your Grace, that your 8000 Prussians are already reduced to a much less nuraber: if they have neither winter-quarters, nor recruits against spring, they will be very thin : and I believe all their officers are writing to Berlin, that they raay be recalled out of Italy. I doubt the 4000 Palatins are in the sarae condition. I raust also observe to your Grace, that the foot, and establish ment of the troops in Italy, is very great, as you will see by the enclosed list. If they had bread, and arras, and clothes, and subsistance, and recruits, it would not be necessary to send more troops into Italy. The premier plan, the staff, and the officers, are already here, which is the great expense. They want nothing, in my opinion, but recruits of raen, and horses, and general officers, and money to buy bread for those who are to flght, and all the necessary equipages of an army, which is to move, and act, and to pass rivers. It is a melancholy reflection, but it is true, that, in flve years' toil, and labour, the Imperialists have never been able to flx their standards upon the Milanese, unless upon that corner of it beyond the Adda, where P. Eugene is now caraped, and where he has been these three months. I would observe one thing more to your Grace, which is, that we have now here above 1200 German troopers a foot, as good men as ever got a horseback. For 12,000 pistoles they might be mounted ; and these 1200 horse, added to what we have, would give us such a superior ity as would perhaps remove the war from the gates of Turin. Yet such is our misfortune, that the Emperor, and his allies, must be bargaining for raore troops to corae into Italy, to starve and perish out of season ; whilst neither the Eraperor, nor his Royal Highness, will advance 12000 pistoles for a body of old horse, which might be of present use, and to great pur pose. I had letters on the ^th from ray Lord Peterborough of the 28th .August, S. V., in which his Lordship tells me, that, &c., fas in Lord Treasurer's letter — redcoats at Nice,) My Lord, we have been more sensibly affected here with the disappointments, and contradictions, which your Grace has met this suraraer on the Moselle, the Dyle, and the Ische, than your friends could be in London ; because we felt the effects of them. Upon your Grace's retreat frora Gerraany a de tachraent was ordered from thence for Piedmont of 16 bat talions, 4 of which did actually arrive at Suze the last week; MR. HILL TO THE LORD DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. 633 the other 12 were stopped upon the news that your Grace had forced the lines in Brabant. But when you are gone out of the field, I suppose they will corae forward. Our fate at Turin does not seera yet to be deterrained. The Duke de la Feuilliade has fortified and entrenched his carap, as if he were to be besieged ; and is filling it with araraunition, and artillery, as if he were to besiege Turin. However, he is not yet strong enough to undertake such a work, and will stay perhaps till the carapaign is ended in other places, frora whence he raay be reinforced. The Duke of Savoy continues still to prepare everything for a vigorous defence, and seeras now to have set his foot against the wall. I had the honour to tell your Grace, in my last, that his " Royal Highness had consented " to send Count Guido to P. Eugene, to see if he could lead " a detachraent over the Po, and get into Piedraont ; but the "next day he altered his mind, and would not let him go." Count Dawn who serves here as Lieutenant-Mareschal, under Count Guido, has now desired leave frora the Emperor to be gone horae. I hope he will not obtain it ; because he is a very good raan. " Guido and he were in great friendship : " our Duke has raade thera ill together. He would keep thera both, and he will lose the service of thera both. I am, &c. To the Lord Duke of Marlborough, Hill. P. S. His Royal Highness has received letters, of the 12th, frora P. Eugene, in which he says he had at last got sorae bread, and sorae waggons, by the assistance whereof he would be able to raove. From Mr. Hill to Mr, Secretary Harley. Turin, the ^^^ Septeraber, 1705. Sir, I must thank you to day for the letter which you did rae the honour to write to me, the '^ August, which I re ceived yesterday ; and I thank you also for the good letter frora ray Lord Treasurer, which you were pleased to convey to rae. I received the last week a letter frora my Lord Peter borough, of the 28th August, S. V. It is a pretty extraordi nary letter ; but all that I can understand in it is, that he has been where he had no mind to be ; that he could have done better in other places : and that he was coming at last to " Nice." I pray God to send hira success everywhere. He certainly has done us great good here, by drawing a good part 4i 634 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HARLEY. of the enemies' forces, which were in Nice, Provence, and Lan guedoc, down to the sea-side, and to the borders of Catalonia, great part of which were intended to reinforce the Duke de la Feuilliade's camp under Turin, or to besiege the castle of Nice. The carapaign raust now end quickly by sea, and by land in raost places. If La Feuilliade can be reinforced from any of those places, and his father-in-law will do what he can to reinforce hira, we raust expect to be besieged here in Tu rin. The expense, the labour, and the preparations, which La Feuilliade has been raaking these seven weeks past, are too great to be jest. Our sturdy Duke seeras now to have set his foot against the wall, as if he would abide the utmost extreraities. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Harley, Hill. From Mr. Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the ^ September, 1705. Sir, I have done myself the honour to write to you, the 2nd, 9th, 16th, inst,: since then our affairs here go on in the same train. The Duke de la Feuilliade has fortified his camp, as if he did expect to be besieged. He is filling it with artillery, and ammunition, as if he were to besiege Turin. Amongst tbe other instruraents of fury, and destruction, he has got twelve great gridirons to heat his cannon balls. It looks now as if he would not be content to bombard us, which he might have done at his leisure. It looks as if he were preparing to besiege us in form when the campaign is ended in other places, frora whence he may be reinforced. Upon my Lord Duke of Marlborough's retreat from the Moselle, the M, de Villars sent 16 battalions this way : four of them are actu ally arrived at Suze ; the rest are stopped on the way for the service in Catalonia, The five battalions which the Count de Thoulouse drew lately frora Nice, and all the troops, which the Duke of Berwick could draw together in Langue doc, are gone to the borders of Catalonia, The fate of Tu rin to day seeras to depend upon that of Barcelona. If the Queen's arms are successful there, we know the names of 21 battalions, which were designed for Piedraont, which will be eraployed in Catalonia. We have found, by some inter cepted letters, that the Duke de la Feuilliade sent his bro ther-in-law, the Count de Dreux, upon the 18th, to Ver- MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 635 sailles, pour refevoir les dernieres resolutions de la Cour, We can expect his return with great patience. The last cou rier from Vienna brought the Emperor's orders to the Mares chal de Staremberg to reraain in Piedraont for the service of his Royal Highness, and so he does stay. But he stays here at present, only as the Papists stay at Mass, without any zeal or devotion : and the Opus operatura has no raanner of raerit. On the 16th, it was resolved, that the Mareschal should go to P. Eugene, and endeavour to bring a detachment of that army over the Po, and through the Montferrat, into Piedmont, for tbe relief of Turin. But, on the 17th, his Royal Highness had changed his opinion. The next day Count Dawn, who is Mareschal-Lieutenant here of the Emperor's arraies, and a good officer, sent to desire leave to be gone. Great raen have great follies, I mean great passions. On the 19th I received letters from the Earl of Peterborough, dated the 28th August, in which his Lordship is pleased to " tell rae that the siege of " Barcelona was impracticable for raany reasons, but that he " was resolved to corae to Nice, where he would land 6000 "foot, and 800 dragoons, which should stay all winter for the " service of his Royal Highness, or to join P. Eugene. He " adds, that he would bring the Duke's aramunition with him " to Nice, or Oneiglia, or Porto Specia." I did comraunicate the sense of these letters, in great haste, to his Royal Highness, as the assurances of succours which dropped frora heaven. We ordered the sarae officer, who brought these letters, it is an officer of his Royal Highness, to go back to his Lordship, so soon as is possible, with assurances how welcome he will be at Nice, or at Oneiglia ; but to advise him not to think of Porto Specia, as he has any concern for Piedmont. His Royal Highness received letters the same day from the Hague ad vising him that the States will consent to let their troops come to Nice, if the Queen pleases. We are now full of the hopes and expectations of what my Lord " does proraise very posi- " tively : though his success at Barcelona would perhaps have done us as much good here. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Marquis de St. Thomas. a Turin, ce 25* Sept"^* 1705. Monsieur, II y aura bientot trois mois que je me suis donne 1' 4i2 636 MR. hill to the marquis de ST. THOMAS. honneur de presenter un memoire a S. A. R., par ordre ex pres de la Reyne, au sujet d' un pauvre enfant que Madame de St. Agnes avoit enleve a ses malheureux Parents. Vous rae fites la grace. Monsieur, de repondre a ce raeraoire en disant que S. A. R. avoit envoye cette affaire a, la justice. J'ay pris la liberte done le 15* du mois passe de vous ecrire une assez longue lettre pour vous representer notre bon droit, et la justice de notre cause ; recusant corarae de raison de me soumettre a toute autre justice qu' a celle de S. A. R. II y a si long tems que cette affaire traine, que je rae sens oblige de vous prier d' en faire souvenir S. A. R., afin que je puisse rae justifier aupres de la Majeste de la Reyne, en obeissant a ses ordres, et en sollicitant bien la restitution de cet enfant a ses Parents, par toutes les raisons que j' ay eul' honneur de repre sentor a S, A. R. Je prens la liberte aussi de vous envoyer ici r extrait de deux loix qui sont en force dans les etats de S. A. R,, si je ne rae trorape, aussi bien que dans tous les Pays polices de 1' Europe, Je suis. Sec, Sec a Monsieur Le Marquis de St, Thomas Hill, Codicis liber quintus de Nuptiis. Tit. IIII. Si vicinis vel aliis scientibus uxorera liberorura procrean- dorura causa dorai habuisti, et ex eo raatrimonio filia suscepta est : quamvis neque nuptiales tabulae, neque ad natam filiam pertinentes factse sunt, non ideo minus Veritas raatrimonii aut susceptse filiae, suam habet potestatem. Ad Legera Flaviara de Plag, Tit. XXI. Plagiarii qui viventiura filiorum miserandas infiigunt pa- rentibus orbitates, raetalli poena eum caeteris ante cognitis subpliciis teneantur. Siquis tamen hujusmodi reus fuerit oblatus, postea quam super crimine claruerit : servus quidem, vel libertate donatus BESTIIS subjiciatur, ingenuus autem GLADIO consumatur. From Mr. Hill to the Earl qf Peterborough, Turin, the f^th Septeraber, 1705. My Lord, This is a duplicate of what I had the honour to write to your Lordship tbe 20th, which was sent by Captain Vic torio, aboard the Mary-Galley. I can add nothing to it, but only to tell you with what irapatience bis Royal Highness MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 637 does expect you at Nice, according to the promise which your Lordship was pleased to raake in your letter to rae of the 28th August. I raust observe to your Lordship, that his Royal Highness was pressed then : he is raore so now ; because the Duke de la Feuilliade having fortified all the posts where he was then with good redoubts, in which he left ten battalions for their security, he is now corae over the Doire, and extends the rest of his array on the other side of Turin, by which raeans he does now invest one-half of the town. We think he is not yet strong enough to pass the Po, to invest us quite ; but it is high tirae for his Royal Highness to call out for help. P. Eugene is still on the wrong side of the Adda, and on the wrong side of the Po, to give us any assistance. My Lord Duke of Marlborough has taken South Leuve, and deraolished all the lines in Brabant, and I fear the carapaign raust end there with that. My Lord Duke would fain have attacked the enemies in their camp ; but the Deputies of the States, who attended their array, would not consent. I ara, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough. Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Lord Duke of Marlborough, Turin, the 30th September, S. N. 1705. My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Grace, the 22nd inst. ; and I sent you a list of the Emperor's forces which are already in Italy. Since then " his Royal Highness has " received letters from Prince Eugene, by which we find that " Prince is not in a condition to pass the Po, or to send a de- '• tachment over that river ; nor does he desire to have Count " Guido sent to hira to help him, either to pass the Po, or the " Adda." The end of the last week the Duke de la Feuilliade passed the Doire with almost all his army, leaving only nine battalions in nine redoubts, which he had made on the other side that river, which shut us in close that way, and the town is now invested on all sides, except towards the Po, over which we have a stone-bridge, which gives us a coraraunication with the raountain. The Duke de la Feuilliade came to visit the avenues to our gates yesterday-morning, and his Royal High ness chanced to be out a horseback at the sarae time, to view the situation of the enemies ; they carae within pistol-shot of each other, before they were aware. The companies saluted 638 MR. HILL TO THE LORD DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. each other, and nothing else happened, though the enemies had some carbiniers, who raight perhaps have fired upon our corapany, if one of their officers had not taken care to forbid thera. The Duke de la Feuilliade sent his Royal Highness, at the sarae tirae, by the return of a trurapet, a very civil com pliraent, saying, that he had orders frora the King to shew all raanner of respect to his Royal Highness, and to the Royal Fa raily, and therefore when the Duchesses, and two young Princes, were pleased to go out of Turin, he would send an escort to wait on them, if they pleased. The last part of his compli raent we understood to be true French, and impertinent. The eneraies are now working on a new line of circumvallation, which will reach frora the Doire alraost to the Po. But as they have scarce troops enough to guard so long a line, they are going to raake several redoubts there, as they did on the other side of the Doire, in which they are favoured by several houses and gardens, which have good stone-walls, and require little pains to be fortified. We do not yet see that they are opening any trenches, or raising any batteries ; nor do we be lieve they will corae to that until sorae renfort coraes from sorae place to thera. " We hear no raore of ray Lord Peter- " borough since ray last to your Grace. It is now twenty " two days since he said he was coming to Nice. I hope he " raay have found raore success in Catalonia than he did ex- " pect when he wrote to me, the 28th August, which may oc- " casion his stay there. But his Royal Highness has sent two " expresses to his Lordship the last week, to press him to " come to Nice ; and I dare not say how iraprobable it is that " the fieet should corae so high to pass and repass the gulf of " Lyons in October ; because I find his Royal Highness ex- " pects no assistance from Prince Eugene now. When he " does quite despair of any from the fieet, I know not what " resolutions he raay take." His Royal Highness has suffered, and does suffer, and I fear he raust suffer, the enemies to carry on all their works undisturbed, because he has need of all his troops to garrison Turin, and dares not venture to lose a single raan of thera. Nothing but our Hussars have raade war these two raonths, and I now fear they raay grow less use ful to us, since their Colonel, Paul Dyack, tired with fifteen raonths' iraprisonment, is entered into the French service. I must now congratulate your Grace upon the good success of your campaign, which is the only part of the world where the MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. 639 allies have been fortunate. You have the honour of all that has been done ; and you have tbe honour of what others would not let you do. I ara, &c. To the Lord Duke of Marlborough, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote rauch the same letter to Sir C. Hedges, the ^th September, 1705. From Mr, Hill to the Lord Duke of Marlborough, Turin, the 2nd October, 1705, S. N- My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Grace, the 30th past ; and I should not perhaps have troubled you so soon again, but at the instance of his Royal Highness, who sends a courier to Vienna, to represent to the Eraperor, that Prince Eugene not being as yet in a condition to move forward, either for the Emperor's service, or for the relief of Piedmont, his Royal Highness does propose that the Emperor would send a good body of troops into Italy, which are nearest, that is, a body of 10,000 raen, which coraing into Italy this winter would give such a superiority to P. Eugene, as raight enable him to do every thing. What his Royal Highness does desire of your Grace, and of the States, is, that you would let the said num ber of troops be replaced in the Erapire by an equal number of those who are in the pay of the Queen, and the States. I have ventured to assure his Royal Highness, that he would not meet with the difficulties in tbe execution of this project, neither from your Grace, nor from the States ; and his courier is going to Vienna, with orders and instructions to his rainis ters there, to try what raay be done. I hear no raore from my Lord Peterborough since the 28th August. I fear it is an easier thing to clack a whip at Westminister, or at Wap- ping, than it is to command a fleet, and an array. His Royal Highness has letters frora P. Eugene, of the 27th past, in which he proraises that he will do every thing that is possible for the relief of Turin. But a brave Prince, who wants every thing, and is to force an enemy who is well posted and wants nothing, has an ill employment. We are almost invested now in Turin, as I had the honour to tell your Grace in ray last. But his Royal Highness does take such care, and labours with such indefatigable attention for the defence of his capital, that 640 MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. our women, and our burghers, are not yet to be frighted, till we see that the eneraies are reinforced. To the Lord Duke of Marlborough, [Hill.] ' N. B. Just as I was writing this, we received news that Mons. de la Feuilliade was sending back his cannon, and some of his troops, to Suze ; so his Royal Highness did not think it necessary to send this courier. From Mr, Hill to the Duke of Marlborough, Turin, October 2nd, S. N., 1705. My Lord, This morning I had tbe honour to write to your Grace at the instance of his Royal Highness, who was raaking some new proposals to the Emperor for the relief of Turin, which we supposed to be besieged, and it was thought necessary to advise your Grace, and the States, of those proposals. The letters were all wrote ; but before the courier departed we had certain advice frora the Duke de la Feuilliade's quarters, that, upon the return of the Count Dreux frora Versailles, all the preparations for the siege of Turin were superseded. We were assured, at the sarae tirae, that a great train of artillery, and araraunition, which was coming from Suze, and from Chi vas, was returning to those places. We were also informed that three battalions, which were lately arrived frora the Rhine, were marched back again towards Savoy, and that three regi ments of horse were marching towards Lorabardy ; and we were told that more were to follow. We are now all persuaded this night that Turin is in no danger at present. We are not so well informed upon what reasons the eneraies have so suddenly altered all their raeasures. Everybody does reason according to his own sense. " His Royal Highness has en- " deavoured to persuade rae this evening, that he does not know " what has deterrained thera to change their resolutions, and " talks to me of the Queen's protection, and of your Grace's " good will to him, as he used to do. I ara sorry that I cannot " entirely believe all he says." I ara, &c. To the Duke of Marlborough. Hill. 1 This letter Mr. Hill remarks was not sent. MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 641 From Mr. Hill to the Earl of Peterborough. Turin, the 3rd October, S. N., 1705. My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Lordship, the 20th, and 27tb, past ; and I sent those letters by the persons whom his Royal Highness did send expressly to seek your Lordship, with his letters of the same date. We were then in expectation of being besieged here in Turin. We were actually invested on all sides of the town but one, and we thought the Duke de la Feuilliade was preparing every thing to begin a siege, which he was to be enabled to carry on bj- such reinforcements as he could have from other places, when the campaign should be ended. Yesterday we were disabused ; for, upon the return of an officer frora Versailles to the Duke de la Feuilliade, we found that Duke was sending back to Chivas, and to Suze, the artillery, and ammunition, which was coming thence against Turin. At the same time we had cer tain advice that the said Duke had sent three battalions to Suze, which were to go to France, and that he had ordered three regiments of horse, and dragoons, to raarch down to Lora bardy to the Duke of Vendorae. I make all the haste I can to give your Lordship this information, that you raay see that we are not in such danger now at Turin as we thought we were, when his Royal Highness and I did write last to your Lordship. Wbat has deterrained the enemies to alter their measures so suddenly, I cannot tell. We are willing to be lieve, as we do wish, that your Lordship may have had some good success on the coasts of Spain, which raay draw the forces and the attention of the enemies that way. I am, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough. Hill. From Mr Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, the 7th October, S.N., 1705. Sir, I had the honour to receive a letter from ray Lord Treasurer, of the 10th August, in which he was pleased to tell me that the Queen would give me leave to corae horae, so soon as I saw that the Queen's service would perrait it, and that I should receive the honour of her Majesty's coramands frora you in due form. Perhaps you have been so good as to send me those coramands, though I have not been so fortunate as 4k 642 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES, ETC. to receive thera. I have not the honour of any letter from you since the 10th of July ; and the courier, who raight have brought us the last week the London letters of the 20th, 23rd, and 27th August, was taken and plundered on the Genoese territories, and the letters all carried to the enemies. The same fate happened to the courier, who went hence with our letters of the ^ past; and therefore I send you a duplicate of what I had the honour to write to you that day. If I had received any such orders frora you, as ray Lord Treasurer was pleased to proraise rae, I think I ara now in a condition to obey thera ; for I expect nothing to be done here these six raonths. If Turin had been besieged I should not have thought of abandoning his Royal Highness. As things are now here, I raust hurably desire that you will please to pro cure me her Majesty's leave to set ray face towards home; and if you have sent rae already any such orders, I desire you will please to repeat them, and to let your letters be sent to Mr. Stanian, I ara, Sec, To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. From, Mr. Hill to the Lord Treasurer. Turin, the 7th October, S.N., 1705. My Lord, This is what I had the honour to write to your Lord ship the 23rd past, and which is fallen into the eneraies' hands. Since then our situation here is quite changed. We do expect neither to be bombarded, nor besieged, at present. Great part of the enemies' artillery and araraunition is sent back to Suze, and Chivas ; and sorae few troops also are raarched away with thera. If I had now received the orders, which your Lord ship was pleased to promise rae, the 10th of August, I should have thought myself in a condition to obey thera. We hear nothing of ray Lord Peterborough since the 28 th August, S.V., and do expect now to hear no more of him. I ara, &c. I'o the Lord Treasurer. Hill. From Mr. Hill to Mr. Secretary Harley. Turin, the 7th October, S.N., 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you the 23rd past, to acknowledge the favour which you were pleased to do me MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HARLEY. 643 the 10th August. I am now informed that my letter is fallen into the enemies' hands. I am not sorry that they should find the respect and veneration which I shew to you, which is all they would find. But I am sorry that it is so long before I can get ray just acknowledgraents to reach you, I did tell you in ray last, that tbe eneraies had made mighty prepara tions here for the siege of Turin, &c, I raust now tell you that the scene is changed. The enemies are sending back their artillery, and their ammunition, and will let us alone for this winter. I dare not venture to say that there is, or that there is not, some secret and raysterious reason, which has induced the eneraies to alter all their measures here so suddenly ; because nothing is more natural than for wise men to give over a great design, when the execution of it does appear hazardous, and uncertain ; though it was not natural for the enemies to em ploy an array, during the best part ofthe campaign, with infi nite labour, and expense, only to raise a scaffolding against Turin, and to pull it down again on a sudden, just when they were ready to make some use of it. The Duke de la Feuilliade was not indeed strong enough all this time to besiege us in due form. He was in a condition to bombard us, if he had thought fit. I am, Sec To Mr. Secretary Harley. Hill. From Mr. HiU to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, the 7th October, S. N. 1705. Sir. I have bad the honour to tell you, in all my letters of late, what great preparations the enemies were making here to besiege Turin, and with what labour and diligence his Royal Highness was preparing to make a long and vigourous defence. Upon the 2nd inst., we were advised that the Count de Dreux was returned from Versailles to the Duke de Feuilli ade, with orders neither to bombard, nor to besiege Turin at this time. The next day we found that he had sent back to Suze and Chivas some part of the artillery and ammunition which was lately brought frora thence. Three regiraents of horse, or dragoons, and three battalions, were sent away also, at the same tirae, the sarae way. We were not a little surprised at so sudden an alteration in the enemies' designs, which they had been pursuing for two months with infinite labour and ex- 4k 2 644 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. pense. It is sure that La Feuilliade had not forces enough to invest us quite, nor to take the benefit of the Po, and the country beyond it, frora us. It is sure that the place is in a good condition, and the garrison pretty well proportioned to it, since all our array is in the town. It is as certain that the eneraies raust have ruined an array greater than that which lies before us, in the labour and fatigues of a siege, in this season of the year. It is plain also, that it was not safe for the enemies to be engaged in so great an undertaking as the siege of Turin, whilst any good success which Prince Eugene might have in Lombardy would have forced thera to abandon it with sharae, and whilst the terror of the Queen's arms in Catalonia drew those forces that way, with which the Duke de la Feuilliade might hope to be enabled to carry on this work. Such considerations as these might have deterrained the Court of France to give over their designs upon Turin, which were certainly attended with great "difficulties ; yet all Turin im- " puted their sudden deliverance to a stronger cause. They " believed that the peace of Piedraont was concluded, and could "not disserable their joy, nor their belief, though his Royal " Highness was angry with thera, and did what he could to " convince thera ofthe contrary. He has said also a good deal " to me ; but I ara too much a heretic to be converted by le- " gends. His Royal Highness seems soraetiraes to apprehend " that sorae negotiations are set on foot in Holland, or at Aix, " in which, he thinks, he shall not find his account so well as " if he raakes his own bargain." We have no letters frora my Lord Peterborough, since those of the 28th August, of which I gave you an account, though his Royal Highness has sent two expresses to him since then. I have advice frora Nice, that the Queen's forces had taken the fort of Montjoiiy, which would draw on the surrender of Barcelona, as was believed. I hear that the ships at Toulon are all disarraed, except 18, which are to go to sea this winter, and three of them are out already a cruising. TheCountDeThoulouseisgone to Court. lam, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Earl of Peterborough. Turin, the 10th October, S. N., 1705. My Lord, This is what I had the honour to write to your Lord- MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. 645 ship, the 3rd inst. ; and I sent my letter to Gennes, in hopes it would come tirae enough to go thence by the Mary-Galley. Ever since I did write this letter the eneraies have been busy in sending away their artillery, their araraunition, their hos pitals, &c. ; and this day they are all marched away over the Doire, and leave us the use of our gates again. I ara, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough. Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Earl Peterborough, Turin, the ^ October, 1705. My Lord, The other side is what I had the honour to write to your Lordship, the 3rd, and 10th inst. ; and I endeavoured to send those letters tirae enough to go to you by the Mary- Galley, which has stayed at Genoa rauch longer than I ex pected. The last night I received sorae despatches for his Royal Highness frora Mr. Secretary Hedges, in answer to the earnest solicitations of his Royal Highness to the Queen, for the succour and assistance which he hoped your Lordship raight bring hira to Nice ; and his Royal Highness does herewith send to your Lordship a letter for the King of Spain, and the Queen's orders to your Lordship, and Sir Cloudesiey Shovel, duplicates of which were sent to your Lordship from England, by a frigate, the 11th September, S,V. I have only to re present to your Lordship, as I have done in my letters of the 3rd, and 10th inst., that, by the retreat of the French army frora under the walls of Turin, and by their departure from hence, and by a detachment which they have now made for Lombardy, and another which they say is going to France, and towards Catalonia, all our dangers and extreraities here are over, and cannot come again upon us in five or six months ; and therefore there is no reason at all why your Lordship should neglect, or starve, any other service, in which you raay be engaged, for our sakes here ; especially since we shall find relief and advantage here, by the good success which the Queen's arras have had, or raay have, in Catalonia, under your Lordship's conduct. I have so represented this to his Royal Highness, that he will say so rauch, I hope, to you hiraself, in his letters to day. But as his Royal Highness raay fall into the same extremities again, in five or six months, because he has not a body of troops with which he can be able to take the 646 MR, HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH, ETC. field at spring, his Royal Highness does desire that your .Lordship would send hira to Nice those troops which you did proraise to bring thither, inyour letter to rae of the 28th August, in case only that you do not eraploy thera to raore purposes, (as I hope you will do) in Catalonia, We have not the honour to hear frora your Lordship since the 28th .August, S,V, ; but, by the advices which we get frora Nice and Genoa, we have reason to bless God, and to felicitate your Lordship, for great and good successes at Barcelona. I dare say no raore to your Lordship concerning the Duke's araraunition, that is, his pow der, salt-petre, and lead, because I have wrote already so oft about it ; but if you do send it to hira, at last, he hopes you will send it to Oneiglia. The Count de Thoulouse is gone back to Paris, having left orders, as we are told, to disarra all the ships at Toulon, except eighteen, three of which are now gone out a cruising. I ara, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to Lord Galloway, the 3rd, and j^ October, 1705, giving hira an account of the situation of affairs in Pied mont. From Mr. Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the ^ October, 1705. Sir, This is what I had the honour to write to you on my own account, the last week ; and I do repeat it to you, because our posts are very uncertain ; and because I would renew my humble request to you, that I raay now be relieved here, after two years' constant duty ; since the eneraies are now retired, and no danger near us. I raust now tell you, Sir, that if the Queen is pleased to grant rae leave to corae home, I have no way to go but by Genoa, Leghorn, and Venice ; and if you have any commands for me at Genoa, or at Venice, you will please to let rae receive thera. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. Sir, From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, [Turin,] the ^^ October, 1705. I had the honour to write to you, the 7th, giving you MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 647 an account that the enemies had given over all their designs upon Turin, &c. They have been very busy ever since, in carrying off their artillery, and their araraunition ; part of which they have sent to Suze, and the rest is going to Chivas, to Crescentin, and to Casal. On the 9th, the Duke de la Feuilliade raarched off with all his array over the Doire, and so left us the use and benefit of two of the gates of this town, which had been useless to us for sorae days. We do now be lieve that the young General will break up and separate his array in two or three days ; that part of it will raarch to France, and, perhaps, towards Catalonia ; part of it towards the Duke of Vendome ; and tbe rest into winter-quarters, in our Duke's dominions. There was some appearance that the enemies had a design to seize upon Ast again, which place they would have kept, if they had been wise, and his Royal Highness has sent some troops thither to secure that post. I cannot but observe to you, that the conduct of the eneraies for the last two raonths was very raysterious, or very ridicu lous. They raade all the show, and all the preparations ; they were at all the labour, and at all the expense, necessary to begin the siege of Turin ; and they gave it over when they were rea dy to open their trenches ; either because they had not forces enough to carry it on, or for some other reasons which we canot yet see. Sir, I did receive two days ago the packet with which you did honour rae, the 11th Septeraber : what you were pleased to write to rae the 6th is not corae to my hands. His Royal Highness did seem very well pleased with the Queen's letter, and with the care which her Majesty and the States do take for his relief. He was not suddenly deterrained what he should do with the Queen's letters to the King of Spain, and to the Admirals. We are not under the same extreraities now at Turin, which we apprehended, when his Royal Highness did desire from the Queen, and the States, that the fleet, and the forces on board, might be sent to Nice. We have no letters from my Lord Peterborough since those of the 28th August, S.V., of which I sent you an account ; and we know not here in what condition the fleet and forces may be now. If the Queen's arms have all the good success in Catalonia which we are raade to believe they have, by all the reports which we receive frora Genoa, and the sea-coasts, we then be lieve, that my Lord Peterborough will employ all the troops 648 MR. HILL TO MR SECRETARY HEDGES, ETC. which are under his coraraand in that Province. For these and such reasons his Royal Highness did not iraraediately re solve to send away her Majesty's letters ; but he will send an express with thera to day, desiring ray Lord to come to Nice, if the other services in which he is engaged will permit it. He does desire this from ray Lord the raore earnestly, because " he sees no other way open by which he can hope to " be relieved, but by Nice, and because the eneraies do threat- " en to corae back to Nice this winter, to besiege that castle. " I have taken all the care I can, ever since the 2nd inst., to in- " form ray Lord Peterborough that we were no longer in any "present danger here at Turin, that he may take his mea- " sures. I do advise his Lordship to day, that the enemies do " pretend to corae to Nice with sixteen battalions, and two "squadrons of dragoons, which will be at Nice before his " Lordship, if the inforraation which his Royal Highness has "received does prove true and certain." I ara, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, Turin, the ^^ October, 1705. My Lord, Since his Royal Highness did not send away his courier till to day, I have tirae to add this letter, to inforra your Lord ship, that the eneraies do threaten to corae back again to Nice this winter, and to besiege that castle. His Royal Highness is the raore sensible of this alarra, because that it is the only place by which he has, or can hope to have, any coraraunica tion with his allies. I raust also beg leave to put your Lord ship once raore in raind of the araraunition which his Royal Highness has expected so long, and which he wants so rauch. I raust not conceal frora your Lordship, that if the eneraies do corae to Nice now, as his Royal Highness is inforraed they do intend to corae, with sixteen battalions frora Provence, besides the four battalions which are already at Villa-Franca, and two of the sixteen were to be the 12th of this raonth on the Var, near to St. Laurent, and were to be followed by the other fourteen, and two squadrons of dragoons — if this advice is sure and certain — your Lordship will not be able to land your raen anywhere, but under the castle of Nice, at the place called Lyrapia, of which I have given you advice forraerly. I am, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough, Hill. MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF SHREWSBURY. 649 From Mr, Hill to the Duke of Shrewsbury. Turin, the ^ October, 1705. My Lord, I have lost your Grace out of sight ever since the 17th July ; but I have directed my hurable services, as well as I could, to your Grace, to Auxburg, and to Francfort. I ara sure that the last, which I had the honour to write to you the 23rd past, is fallen into the enemies' hands, and I fear some others may have had the sarae fate. I did advise your Grace what preparations the eneraies were raaking for the siege of Turin, &c. At the beginning of this raonth, when they were ready to open their trenches, we saw thera, with great surprise, and equal joy, drawing off their artillery and araraunition, and retiring frora under our walls ; and now they are quite broke up, and separated, and we are out of danger here for this winter. [I am,] &c., &c. To the Duke of Shrewsbury. Hill. Frcrni Mr, Hill to the Lord Duke of Marlborough, Turin, the ^ October, 1705, My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Grace the 7th inst., when I told you that the enemies were retired frora under our walls. They have been ever since sending away their artillery, and araraunition, &c., and are now quite broke up. They have sent eight regiraents towards Savoy, which are designed to go towards Catalonia, as we are told ; though we are also advised that they raay be eraployed against Nice : the rest are raarching down towards Italy, to reinforce the Duke of Vendorae, if he should have occasion ; or to take winter-quarters in our Duke's dorainions, on the borders of the Milanese. I have no letters frora the fleet since the 28th August ; and we do not know for certain that Barcelona is taken. But by all the advices frora France and Spain, we have reason to hope that it is. I did rayself the honour to write to your Grace the 22nd past, and I send you a duplicate of it here, only because it is flt you should know what the eneraies have taken. Your Grace will see that the foot of the troops, which the Emperor, or his allies have in Italy, or in Piedmont, is a 100,000 men. Their effective number is far short, God 4l 650 MR. HILL TO THE LORD DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. knows ; but raethinks it should not be irapossible to recruit them, at least those which are in Lorabardy. My Lord, I have now been here these two years upon an advanced post ; but now that the eneraies are retired, I do hurably desire that the Queen and her rainisters will please to let rae be relieved ; and I do hurably desire your Grace's favour in this matter. I shall be glad to be in some other part of the world, as I have always been here, and everywhere else, with the greatest respect, &c. To the Lord Duke of Marlborough, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Lord Treasurer. Turin, the ^^ October, 1705. My Lord. I did rayself the honour to write to your Lordship, the 22nd past, and 7th inst. ; since then the eneraies are quite re tired out of our neighbourhood, and the war is reraoved, at least for six months, frora the reach of Turin. If I am not mistaken, his Royal Highness will so recruit his troops this winter, and put his affairs into such a posture, that we shall not be in the same danger again the next suraraer. What does still please " rae raore is, that his Royal Highness does " seem to have taken new resolutions of steadiness and con- " stancy to abide by his allies. I did indeed fear that he was " shaken during the two months last past : his enemies and his ""subjects did believe no less. But I do now believe the fit is " quite over. I have his Royal word for it, and all the appear- " ances of things do concur to confirm me in this belief." I did tell your Lordship, in a letter which I had the honour to write to you the j^ August, that the Treasurer-General of his Royal Highness had desired rae to recoraraend Galdi's correspondents here to your Lordship, who would raake sorae advances of raoney here upon occasion, if your Lordship would please to let the bills, which they should draw here, be paid in London. I must now humbly advise your Lordship, that those occasions are over, and that bis Royal Highness will never be so well served any other way as he has been by the method which your Lordship has taken hitherto ; and therefore I do hope that your Lordship will pursue the same method for the Duke's good, and service. The States did consider the ex tremities to which his Royal Highness seeraed to be driven MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. 651 the last raonth, and did therefore order their Minister here to negotiate 200,000 livres for his service. When this sura is paid they will still owe him 600,000 livres. Your Lordship will owe nothing here till the 3rd December. I would also observe, that the Duke does receive only 77 pence here per crown, upon all the Holland payments, instead of 82 pence per crown, which your Lordship's payments do yield. So rauch is your Lordship's alliance better than that of the States. My Lord, I do now expect with sorae irapatience the let ters frora Mr. Secretary Hedges, which your Lordship was pleased to promise me, the 10th August. I am of little use, at present, here, to the service of the Queen, or of his Royal Highness, and therefore I do earnestly desire to be re lieved now. I ara, &c. To the Lord Treasurer. Hill. From Mr, HiU to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the l^l" October, 1705. Sir, I did rayself the honour to write to you the 14th ; and I told you that the eneraies, having raised the siege of Turin, for so we may call it, were marched off. They have continued their march since then by Chivas, by Crescentin, and Casal, and great part of them seera to be going to look for winter-quarters in the Montferrat, on our Duke's territories if they can ; if not, in the Duke of Mantua's dorainions. His Royal High ness has sent alraost all his forces the same way, with a par ticular regard to the preservation of Ast, which the Duke de la Feuilliade abandoned to us very kindly about two months since, we know not why, and which he would gladly retake from us, if be could tell how. Whilst the enemies and we are scramb ling that way for winter-quarters, we are in great quiet and tranquillity here in Turin now; free frora danger, and from the apprehensions of danger for six months. When we come to balance our accounts of the campaign, we can scarce believe that we could come off so cheap. His Royal Highness has lost nothing but Chivas, which is of so little use to the ene mies, that they had thoughts of leaving it, if they had not be lieved that his Royal Highness would have fortified it again be fore the next summer. On the other side, his Royal Highness has recovered Ast, and the country about it, which the ene- 4l2 652 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. mies had seized at the declaration ofthe war : and, to raend that acquisition, our Germans surprised, the last week, a little place called Annone, which is in the Alexandrin, a post of good use, in which we made one hundred and fifty enemies prisoners of war. Our great affair this campaign was the siege of Turin, in the preparations of which the eneraies were at great expense, and tired and ruined their infantry in lines and redoubts, which we are now levelling with great pleasure. The works and reparations, which his Royal Highness has raade about this town, and citadel, will keep the eneraies in respect another tirae. As for all the alarras and disquiet which the Duke de la Feuilliade did give us here, during two raonths, they were all balanced by the joy and satisfaction which we had to see hira march off so dishonourably. Besides this, his Royal Highness has taken so good care all this suraraer for the re cruiting of his troops, that they are stronger now than they were at the beginning of the carapaign ; and his Royal High ness will lay about hira hard to get thera in good order by the beginning of the next campaign. If the Imperialists will do as rauch this winter, to recruit the rest of their troops, which are left here yet, as we hope they will, his Royal Highness may hope to act offensively the next year. I did tell you, in ray last, that the eneraies did threaten to corae to Nice again, which his Royal Highness did seera to believe, because the truce, or cessation, which had been agreed on between the castle of Nice, and those of Villa-Franca, for six raonths, did expire the 10th instant. I raust now advise you, that this alarm is over ; for the enemies have desired to renew that truce for six raonths raore, to which his Royal Highness has con sented. So we are in no pain for the castle of Nice, till after the 10th of April : of which I have endeavoured to advise my Lord Peterborough. We are not so much at ease for the castle of Montmelian, which has been shut up close almost two years, and does now suffer great hardships. " His Royal " Highness has now ordered the Governor of that place to ca- " pitulate, when he finds it necessary, in hopes to preserve the " garrison which does consist of 600 good old men. We have " advice that there are still some disorders in the Cevennes, " which I would gladly encourage, and I ara negotiating with " Col. Cavallier to go thither, to the assistance of his brethren. " His Royal Highness has now deterrained to let the Mareschal " de Stareraberg go to Vienna, and he is preparing to be gone. MB. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 653 " I have had this last week a good deal of conversation with " his Royal Highness concerning the general system, and the " situation of his own affairs. I found he was resolved to con- " vince rae that he would not abandon so good an ally as the " Queen, and he has convinced rae. What he does always " desire is, that the Queen will be as careful of hira at the " tirae of a general peace, as she has been during this war. I " ara now rauch raore at ease upon this subject than I had " been ever since the 6th August. I raust tell you that I see " every day about his Royal Highness a people who are even " sorry that Turin was not besieged and taken, if that would " have procured the peace of Piedmont ; but his Royal High- " ness does neither love, nor trust, nor believe, any one of " those folks." We hear nothing frora my Lord Peterbo rough, since the 28th August ; all we do hear of them by chance is, that tlie Queen's arms are very successful in Cata lonia. I am, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, Turin, the ^ October, 1705. My Lord, I did rayself the honour to write to your Lordship, the 3rd, 10th, 12th, and 14th, inst. In my last I told you that his Royal Highness had received some fresh alarms from Nice, as if the enemies were coraing thither with 16 battalions, and 2 squadrons of dragoons. His Royal Highness did believe those advices, and the rather, because a kind of truce, and cessation, which had been agreed unto for six raonths, be tween the Governor of the Castle of Nice and the eneraies who are at Villa-Franca, was expired the 10th instant. That same day the French Coraraander sent to renew the sarae truce for six raonths, and his Royal Highness has consented to it. So we apprehend nothing now for Nice, till the 10th of April next. I raake all the haste I can to give your Lordship this advice. We have not the honour of any news frora your Lord ship since the 28th August. We raake many hearty vows here for your success in Catalonia, I am, &c. To the Earl of Peterborough. Hill, 654 MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH, From Mr, Hill to the Duke of Marlborough, Turin, the '^ October, 1705. My Lord, I did rayself the honour to write to your Grace, the 7th, and 14th instant, and I raust continue to pursue your Grace so long as you are a this side the sea. We are now once raore in great quiet and security here at Turin, and his Royal Highness is doing every thing which is possible to put him self in a posture against spring, to keep his enemies farther from the walls of his capital. He is recruiting his own troops, with all imaginable diligence ; and we hope the Imperialists will recruit the foot of their troops, which is left in Piedmont, during this winter. We want nothing else, in ray humble opinion, to secure his Royal Highness frora those extreraities to which he was reduced this carapaign, and to make him a very useful ally, even to Prince Eugene, the next summer. His Royal Highness does now consent to let the Mareschal go to Vienna ; and he will see P. Eugene in his way. I fear he will not be very welcorae there ; but we hope he will not be useless in giving the Prince a just idea of our affairs here. "What does please rae more is, that his Royal Highness " does seera to have taken new resolutions of steadiness and " constancy to abide by his allies. I did indeed fear that he " was shaken during the two raonths last past : his enemies " and his subjects did believe no less. But I do now believe " the fit is quite over. I have his Royal word for it, and all " the appearances of things do concur to confirm me in this "belief" The Duke de la Feuilliade is raarched with all his forces towards the Montferrat, as if he would take quarters on our Duke's territories if he can, if not on the Duke of Mantua's dominions. His Royal Highness has sent all our troops the sarae way, and hopes to secure Ast, and Alba, and the country thereabouts, for our quarters. We were alarraed the last week, as if the enemies were resolved to come again to Nice, and to attack that castle. But the French officer, who coraraands at Villa-Franca, sent to the Governor of Nice, to renew the truce, which expired the 10th instant, for six raonths raore, to which his Royal Highness has consented ; and now we are at ease for Nice till the 10th April. We are in pain still for our cas tle of Montraelian, which has been shut up close alraost two years, and does now suffer great hardships. " His Royal MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH, 655 " Highness has now ordered the Governor of that place to ca- " pitulate, when he finds it necessary, in hopes to preserve the " garrison which does consist of 600 good old men. We have " advice that there are still sorae disorders in the Cevennes, " which I would gladly encourage, and I ara negotiating with " Coi. Cavallier to go thither, to the assistance of his brethren." His Royal Highness has told rae, that he hopes your Grace will consent to let the Marquis d' Allegre be exchanged against M. de Hais, who was Lieutenant-General of his troops, and Governor of Verceil, where he was raade prisoner the last year. His Royal Highness says, he has wrote to your Grace on this subject. I ara, &c. To the Duke of Marlborough, Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Tm-in, the ifth October, 1705. Sir, I had the honour to write to you at large, the 21st, to give you an account of our situation here. " I told you that " his Royal Highness had convinced rae of his steadiness and " constancy to run the fortune of his allies ; and I see no- " thing since which can raake rae doubt of his resolution." I did tell you, in ray last, the war was quite reraoved from the gates of Turin, and that we were very quiet here. We then hoped that the eneraies were going into winter-quarters, and we were glad to do so likewise. We are now advised that the Duke da la Feuilliade has sent 14 or 15 battalions towards Lorabardy ; but that he is resolved to be as troublesorae as he can be to us, with the rest of his army. He has sent a de tachment along the mountain to alarm us here, whilst he is working up towards Ast, as if he were piqued in honour to recover that post again frora his Royal Highness. We were in great ease the last week for Nice, under the security of a truce, which was agreed upon, for six raonths, between the Governors of Nice, and of Villa-Franca. About six days after the said agreeraent was signed, the French Governor of Villa- Franca sent notice to his Royal Highness's officers in the castle of Nice, pursuant to one article in their convention, that, in ten days, they must expect to be besieged ; because the King had so ordered. We are now told that the Duke of Berwick was to corae to Villa-Franca, with about 16 battalions, which he was to bring from Provence, and Languedoc, and the borders of 656 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES, Catalonia, to carry on the siege of Nice, and ofthe castle there. We shall be sorry to see the Duke of Berwick, and the troops with him, at liberty to come to Nice, since we had fiattered our selves a good while, that there was work enough for them to wards Catalonia, " His Royal Highness is deliberating to send "once more to ray Lord Peterborough for help, by virtue ofthe " Queen's instructions to his Lordship ; but hearing nothing, " and knowing nothing, of the fieet, since the 28th August, " though we raight have letters here frora Barcelona in 5 or 6 " days, his Royal Highness is not yet resolved to send to his " Lordship." The last courier which is corae frora Vienna has brought his Royal Highness great assurances that P. Eugene shall be powerfully reinforced the next spring, &c, " And "now his Royal Highness is contriving how the Imperial " troops, which are in Piedmont, raay be recruited, which seems " the only means left to secure his Royal Highness, and to put " him in a condition to be of use to his allies," I raust observe to you, that the French have endeavoured with great industry to raake this part of the world believe, that several projects of peace were on the anvil ; that they were alraost sure of a peace in Portugal ; that they had an agent in Holland, and that the States had two agents in Paris ; that great raatters were to be transacted this season at Aix, Sec The Italians were disposed to believe a great deal of this, because their natural jealousy does incline them to believe what is not, rather than what is ; as much as falsehood has more an air of cunning and mystery than truth has. I would also observe to you, that the eneraies have, during the course of this carapaign, changed their de signs and their measures here so oft, and the orders of the Court have been so contradictory, especially in regard of the operations of their fleet at Toulon, and of their designs against Turin, and against Nice, which they would, and which they would not, besiege, almost as oft as a courier could go to Ver sailles, and return back again, that it is plain and easy to per ceive the same order, and vigour, and steadiness, is not in the French counsels, which did formerly make them more terrible. We do not yet hear this way that the French are making any new levies this winter, and we believe they will have great difficulty to recruit the troops which they have. They will want 20,000 men to recruit their armies in Italy, and in Piedraont. The Marquis de Guiscard, whora I had embarked the last MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. 657 year at Nice, carae hither about two raonths since, with let ters of recoraraendation to his Royal Highness frora the States. He stayed here about a month ; but finding that he could do nothing here, and that the enemies lay too near to us, he went hence in order to return to the Hague ; but meeting the Mary- Galley, at Genoa, which was returning to the fleet, he erabark ed hiraself aboard her, and is gone to the fleet, or to Catalonia. Sir, I have not the honour of any letter frora you since the 10th July, excepting that of the 11th Septeraber, which carae by his Royal Highness's courier. I hope sorae ofthose which I have lately wrote to you, by which I have hurably desired to be relieved here, will be come to your hands, and I raust earnestly desire you will please to procure rae a gracious answer to ray request. I ara, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. Mr. Hill wrote to the Duke of Marlborough, to the same purpose, the Ifth October, 1705. From Mr, Hill to the Marquis de St. Thomas, Monsieur, Je suis beaucoup plus fache que vous ne S9auriez I'etre de ce que je rae sents oblige de vous iraportuner si souvent au sujet des norames SaUiens. Si vous aviez eu la bonte depuis 8 mois que ce proces dure de nous faire donner une seule raison pourquoy il doit etre permis a Madame de St Agnes d' enlever un enfant a ses parents, je me serois soumis a cette raison, et rae serois contente de 1' envoyer a Londres : mais comme vous renvoyez les ministres de la Reyne et des Etats au Senat, (qui est ouvert au moindre malheureux qui perde sa vache sans que Ton ait besoin de l' intercession de la Reyne et des Etats), apres tout ce qu'ils ont dit et fait ; apres tout ce qu'ils ont veu, et tout ce qu'ils en S9avent, il leur paroit neces saire de vous faire ressouvenir de ce qui est passe dans cette affaire. Au mois de Mars ces pauvres gens perdirent leur enfant qu' iis avoient raene avec eux en Piedraont. Au raois d' Avril iis decouvrirent en vertu de 25 ecus don- nes a propos a un pretre que leur enfant etoit chez Mad*. de St. Agnes. Le 10* de ce raois la le pere et la raere presenterent une requete a, Son Altesse Royale la suppliant tres hurableraent de leur faire rendre leur enfant, et Son Altesse Royale eut 4 M 658 MR. HILL TO THE MARQUIS DE ST. THOMAS. la bonte de faire transporter l' enfant chez Mons. le Premier President, nous proraettant de le faire rendre a ses parents s'ils prouvoient qu'il etoit a eux, C etoit alors qu'ils se pre senterent et le pere et la mere au preraier President, C'etoit alors que nous allaraes le Ministre de Hollande et moy trouver le raerae president, a qui nous raontraraes le contract de mariage de ces bons gens fait en bonne forrae il y avoit pres d'onze ans. Nous raontraraes aussy au raerae president plu sieurs attestations de plusieurs bourgeois de Lausanne et de Geneve et de Thounon, qui etoient tous prets a venir declarer en justice qu'ils avoient connu ces gens vivants chretiennement enserable depuis 10 ou 11 ans. Nous priaraes alors le Presi dent de faire justice, de faire raettre ces parents en possession de leur enfant, et puis apres de les faire punir s'ils avoient fait quelque crirae, ou quelque supposition, lis etoient deux mois dans cette situation, priant, sollicitant, et poursuivant le Preraier President et l' Inqusiteur-General a fln de faire vuider leur affaire en justice s'il avoit ete possi ble, lis trouverent des difficultes insurraontables, lis ne S9avoient contre qui il fallut instituer leur action, lis ne S9av- oient qui etoit leur parti, ou le trouverent trop fort. lis avoient peur a la fin, ces pauvres gens, pour deux autres enfants, et ne consultant plus que leur peur, iis profiterent des passeports que Son Altesse Royale a eu la bonte de leur faire expedier, et se retirerent hors de ses etats. C etoit apres cela que les rainistres d'Angleterre et de Hol lande eurent ordre d' eraployer les noras de la Reyne et des Etats en faveur de ces pauvres gens. Nous nous joignons en serable pour supplier Son Altesse Royale tres hurableraent de nous remettre cet enfant entre nos mains, proraettant de le gar der encore 6 mois, pour donner le temps aia justice d'agir contre les parents, si on les trouve coupables de quelque fraude ou de quelqu' imposture, Je suis, &c. a Turin, le 30* Octobre, 1705. Hill, Au Marquis de St, Thomas, From Mr, Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, the 4th November, S. N,, 1705, Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you, the ||th past, when we were scrambling with the enemies for winter-quar ters. It is their business to get as near to Turin as they can : it is our labour to keep them as far off as we can. The last MR. HILL TO MR, SECRETARY HEDGES. 659 week the Duke de la Feuilliade raarched frora Alexandria, with 1500 horse and dragoons, 600 foot, and twelve pieces of cannon, to drive us frora Annone, which his Royal Highness had taken from his eneraies about ten days before. We had 200 good raen in that post, who suffered two vigourous as saults, in which the eneraies lost 4 or 5uO raen ; but then we were forced to surrender the place, and our raen, at discretion. The Duke de la Feuilliade raade a show as if he would corae forward to Ast ; but the Mareschal was there, and took such care of the place that the eneraies did not venture upon it. We were forced to abandon to thera Censin, Montechari, and Montcalvo. We hope they will leave us Turin, Quiers, and Ast ; and, upon those terms, we are content to be quiet till spring. The rains have been so violent and furious here this last week, that they have imposed a cessation of arras. The truce is expired at Nice ever since the 1st instant ; but we do not yet hear that the Duke of Berwick is come to Villa-Franca, or that the eneraies are ready to atterapt any thing against the castle of Nice. We have no letters frora the fieet since those which ray Lord Peterborough was pleased to send, the 28th August, to his Royal Highness, and to rae, by the Mary- Galley ; but all the advices which we do get frora the fron tiers, and frora the enemies' quarters, do assure us that all Catalonia is revolted, and Barcelona surrendered, though we do not know any particulars. We do expect to feel the ad vantages of that revolution ; because we cannot believe that the French will neglect the interests of Spain, to push on their resentments in Piedmont. We hear that a party of Savoy ards had passed the lake near to Geneva, and had surprised a French convoy, which was carrying about 30,000 pistoles to the French army in Italy. We were obliged to Hugetan, who routed all the bankers who remitted their money to Italy. We shall not be less obliged to those who will hinder the en emies frora sending the subsistence to their armies in specie. Sir, I have not received the honour of any letters from you, since the 10th July, except those of the 11th September, which came by his Royal Highness's courier. I hope you will have received some of ray letters, by which I have raost hura bly desired to be relieved here, to which I do earnestly desire the honour of your answer as a particular raark of your fa vour to. Sir, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. 4m2 660 MR. hill to the duke of MARLBOROUGH, From Mr, Hill to the Duke of Marlborough, Turin, the 11th Noveraber, S.N., 1705. My Lord, I believe your Grace will be inforraed at Vienna, at least by the ministers of his Royal Highness, of every thing which does concern the war of Italy and Piedraont. His Royal Highness does send very distinct relations to his mi nisters ; and they have orders to press not only for an augmen tation of forces for the Emperor's armies in Lorabardy, but for a reinforceraent of the Iraperial troops which are in Pied raont, which have been here now almost two years, and are worn down to the sturaps. All I have need to say to your Grace is easily reduced to these conditions : that the Imperi alists in five campaigns have not been able to make any im pression upon the Milanese ; that the Imperialists would cer tainly have been forced out of Italy almost two years since, ifthe declaration of his Royal Highness had not drawn a great part of the fury and forces of the eneraies back towards Pied raont ; that his Royal Highness has resisted for two years, with great virtue and constancy, all the efforts of the eneraies by the help of those forces which Count Guido brought into Piedmont ; that his Royal Highness has now neither troops nor places left to hold out for another campaign, which will begin in all appearance here with the siege of Turin, if the enemies have the same ardor and attention, and the same forces to carry on the war in Italy another year ; that the six Imperial regiraents in Piedraont are now reduced to about 2000 effective raen : the seven regiraents of horse, and three of dragoons, are brought down to about 1500 on horseback, and troopers, or dragoons, afoot to about 1000; that his Royal Highness cannot have for the service of the next carapaign, of his own troops above 12 battalions, which may be recruited up to 400 effective men, each battalion ; and he may have 2,500 horse and dragoons of his own. So we shall have here in all Iraperial foot 2000 Twelve battalions of Piedraontese 4800 Iraperial horse 1 500 Ditto afoot 1000 Piedmontese horse and dragoons 2500 Total 11,800; that with these forces his Royal Highness will not be able to MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. 661 take the field, or to raake une guerre de campagne ; that if Turin coraes to be besieged, and taken the next suraraer, there is in all appearance an end of the war in Piedraont ; that his Royal Highness could never think of raore than two ways of getting any raore troops to his assistance, which are, either to land sorae of the Queen's troops at Nice, or to get a detach raent frora P. Eugene's array in Lombardy. As to the first of these proposals, my Lord Peterborough did proraise, in his letter to rae of August 28th, that he would corae and land 6000 men at Nice, for which he is, I think, sufficiently author ized by the Queen, and the States. But we must despair of seeing hira now this year, and in all appearance the eneraies will besiege Nice this winter, and take it before the fieet can return into the Mediterranean. As to the second proposal, the Mareschal de Staremberg has made a disposition, in gener al terms, by which he supposes it raay be possible to send this winter into Piedraont, frora P. Eugene's array, to recruit the Iraperial regiraents which are in Piedraont, viz ; foot, 7500, Recruits for the horse and dragoons 1000, and to reraount the Iraperial troopers 1000, 2000; with these recruits, added to what is already in Piedraont, his Royal Highness would be enabled to act offensively the next suramer. For then the army in Piedraont will be, viz : Iraperial foot 9500 Piedraontese foot 4800 Imperial horse and dragoons 3500 Piedraontese ditto 2500 Total 20,300. I have nothing to add, my Lord, but that I think it is not a matter of choice, and of indifference, whether the Emperor will, or will not, recruit his troops this winter which are in Piedraont. It is a thing absolutely necessary, in ray hurable opinion, if his Imperial Majesty will carry on the war in Italy another year, and support his Royal Highness so as to make him an useful ally. We did believe here, that our carapaign was alraost ended, when the Duke de la Feuilliade was gone down to Casal, and had sent a detachraent frora his army down to the Duke of Vendome. We were mistaken. The cam paign seems to be beginning again, by the resolutions which the eneraies have taken, to undertake the siege of Ast, and of the castle of Nice, before winter. La Feuilliade carae before Ast the last week with about 5 or 6000 men, and thought to 662 MR. hill to the duke OF MARLBOROUGH. have taken so ill a place as it is by storm, or by surprise. He was raistaken ; for the Mareschal de Stareraberg is there with the reraains of the Imperialists. If the young General will needs retake this post, which he abandoned so sillily this sum mer, he raust send for raore troops, and raake his approaches with due cereraony. The Mareschal will give orders for the defence of this place, as long as it is reasonable ; but I believe he will not venture to lose the garrison, which is worth more than the place. On the 8th the Mareschal sent out a detach ment of 800 horse, and as many foot, to attack a convoy of artillery and ammunition which was coming to La Feuilliade's army. The eneraies, too well inforraed of the Mareschal's de sign, drew out alraost all their forces to secure their convoy. However, our Gerraans attacked them with great vigour ; and though they could not carry off the enemies' powder and can non, they got honour and reputation enough. But we lost 50 good raen, who were killed ; and we had about 150 wounded. The enemies are preparing at this sarae tirae to corae and be siege the castle of Nice, where the Duke of Berwick is to coraraand. He is corae already to Antibes. He has sent five battalions over the Var, to join four which were left in Villa- Franca ; and we are told that twelve raore are to follow from Provence, and that a great convoy of artillery and ammunition is coraing by sea frora Toulon to Villa-Franca. What does seera strange is, that the French should abandon all their care and concern for the interests of Catalonia, and that they should draw just at this time all the forces which they had upon those frontiers to the siege of Nice. We hear no more of our fleet, since the 28th August, than if it were in Hud son's Bay. His Royal Highness has sent three couriers to my Lord Peterborough, but none of them return. All the advices which we get from France do own that Barcelona was surrendered to King Charles, the 12th, or 14th past. If we were in great impatience this summer till P. Eugene got over the Adda, or the Po, and till he could fix his standards on the Milanese, the Parmesan, or Mantuan, or anywhere upon an enemy's country, which might contribute to the subsistence of his army, we are very sensible now, you raay be sure, of his retreat over the Oglio, and the loss of Soncino, which is the only place he had taken in the Milanese in five campaigns. I am sorry to say it, but it is certainly true, that the Em peror will not be able to carry on a war in Italy, and in Hun- MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH, ETC. 663 gary, at the sarae time with honour and advantage. If your Grace can determine those Gentlemen to make peace in Hun gary, they may continue their war in Lombai'dy. I ara, &c. To the Duke of Marlborough, Hill. From Mr. Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges, Turin, the 11th Noveraber, S.N., 1705. Sir, I did rayself the honour to write to you, the 4th inst. ; and since then I have received what you were pleased to write to me, the 21st Septeraber, S.V. I have already acknowledged what you did rae the honour to send to me, by Count Brian- 9on's courier, the 1 1 th September ; but what you did send the 6th September is fallen into the enemies' hands. I did ad vise you, that his Royal Highness had sent her Majesty's let ters, and instructions, to her Adrairals, by an express, &c. But we hear no raore ofthe fleet, since the 28th August, than if it was beyond the line. We did believe here that our cam paign, &c., {as in the Duke of Marlborough's letter — to the siege of Nice.^) If we were in great impatience this suraraer till P. Eugene got over the Adda, or the Po, and till he could fix his standards on the Milanese, the Parmesan, or Mantuan, or anywhere upon an enemy's country, which raight contribute to the subsistence of his array, we are very sensible now, you raay be sure, of his retreat over the Ogho, and the loss of Soncino, which is the only place he had taken in the Milanese in five campaigns. The Mareschal was to be gone the last week, and had as good as taken leave of his Royal Highness ; but upon the motions of the enemies before Ast, his Royal Highness desired me to try if he would not go once more to Ast ; and I had no great pains to deterraine so good a raan to so good a work. I am, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr. Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges. Turin, the ^th November, 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you the 4th, and the 11th instant; and since then I have received what you were pleased to write to rae, the 28th September. I was very ' See page 661 line 8 from the foot ofthe page to line 28 of page 662. 664 MR. HILL TO MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. glad to receive your coraraands concerning Poussin's iraperti- nence, and the artifice of the eneraies ; because I had already obeyed those orders, as well as I could, having perceived that such idle reports had raade raore impressions here than was reasonable. I had at that time prepared the enclosed raerao rial, ' which I resolved to give to his Royal Highness ; but having had the honour of a long audience frora hira at the same time, I did not think it necessary to give him anything in writing. However, I have now again assured his Royal Highness, with sorae cereraony, as by the Queen's express coraraands, that all the reports of any negotiations anywhere between her Majesty and her enemies were entirely ground less, &c., &c. I told you, in ray last, that the D. de la Feuil liade was endeavouring to retake Ast from his Royal Highness. His endeavours were silly, and unsuccessful. Before he had perfected his batteries, and could bring his cannon to bear, he wanted bread and forage, and found that he had not hands enough to carry on his work ; and he was forced to abandon his design in such haste, that he left his sick and wounded to our raercy, and had rauch to do to save his cannon. So soon as the eneraies were gone from Ast, the Mareschal sent an officer to receive the honour of his Royal Highness's com mands for P. Eugene, and for the Emperor. His Royal Highness was pleased to go and raeet the Mareschal upon his road, and to concert with him what is to be done for Piedraont the next campaign. The Mareschal de Stareraberg carae into this country, about two years since, with a good stock of hon our and glory, and certainly he has lost none of it here. He has left the coraraand of the Emperor's troops to Count Dawn, a good man, and a good officer, and one whom his Royal Highness knows how to make good use of. We know not well what is doing at Nice, because the roads are so broke that the couriers cannot pass. The last advice we have says, that the Duke of Berwick was come to Villa-Franca ; that he had fourteen battalions with him, and expected six more from Provence ; that six ships were arrived at Villa-Franca with stores, and araraunition, &c. The town of Nice can make no resistance. The reparations, which his Royal Highness had made there since the eneraies did leave it, have been washed away by the last floods. The castle is a good piece, has a good Governor, and a pretty good garrison, is well provided, ' See page 665. MR. HILL to MR. SEGR,ETARY HEDGES. 665 and will require a deal of beating. I fear the letter, which you were pleased to write to rae the 6th of Septeraber, S. V., and one which was sent, the 10th Septeraber, S.N., to the Dutch rainister here, did fall into the eneraies' hands. They would see, by those letters, what care and attention the Queen and the States would have to send succours to his Royal High ness, by the way of Nice ; and that might perhaps deterraine thera to think of shutting that door before spring. They reckon that they have already cut off all other ways into Pied raont. So soon as the eneraies were gone out of sight of this town, I did humbly desire to be relieved here ; and I shall renew ray petition to you every post, till you are pleased to recall rae hence. I ara, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges, Hill. Memorial of Mr, Hill to the Duke of Savoy. Le soussigne Ministre de S.M.B. aupres de S.A.R., se trouve oblige de lui representer, corarae il lui represente par ce pre sent raeraoire, que la raalice et I'adresse de I'ennenii corarauu aiant fait repandre des bruits par tout, corarae si les allies pouvoient se resoudre a ecouter des propositions de paix, ou d'accommodement a rins9eu les uns des autres, ce qui ne peut servir qu' a donner de 1' inquietude a tous, et favoriser les desseins de I'ennerai : S. M., La Reine, ra'a ordonne d'assurer V. A. R. qu'elle n'a jaraais songe, et qu'elle ne songera jamais a recevoir aucune proposition de la part de l' ennemi, au pre judice de son honneur, et des engagements dans lesquels elle est entre avec touts ses allies, et en particulier avec V. A. R., et que coram' elle n' a point d' interet particulier dans cette guerre, dont elle soutient un si grand poids avec tant de gloire, elle ne veut chercher les raoyens d'en sortir, que par les succes de ses arraes, et par la benediction du Ciel, et avec les advis et les Conseils de tous ses allies. II m' est ordonne de plus d' assurer V. A. R., que corarae S.M. n'ait rien obrais jusques ici pour le secours et I'assistance de V. A. R., selon les obligations de son traite, aiant raerae passe au dela, par le secours qu'elle a envoie a 1' armee de L' Erapereur en Lorabardie ; que S.M. estant resolue de ne pas raettre des bornes a ses soins, et a ses attentions genereuses pour relever les esperances etles interets de V.A.R., qui s'est acquis tant de gloire, et tant de merite par sa Constance et par 4n 666 MR. HILL TO THE DUKE OF SAVOY. sa ferraete, pendant ces deux annees passees : S. M. espere que V. A. R. ne veuille rien faire, ni souffrir etre fait, qui puisse en aucune fa9on diminuer la conflance enti^re que la Reine et ses allies ont si justeraent prise en un Prince, qui a la coeur et les sentiraents si releves. Fait a Turin, ce 3* Octobre, S.N., 1705. [Hill.J From Mr. Hill to the Lord Treasurer. Turin, the ^th November, 1705. My Lord, I did myself the honour to write to your Lordship the 7th, and 21st past. Since then I have received a bill of ex change from Mr, Cartwright, with which I have paid the Queen's subsidies to his Royal Highness till the 3rd of Fe bruary next. We are now pretty much at quiet here, since the enemies are gone into winter-quarters, at least ten railes from the gates of this town. We may hope to be quiet these six months ; because they want 20,000 raen to recruit their arraies in .Lombardy, and in Piedmont, before they can well take the fleld. His Royal Highness is labouring hard to re cruit his troops this winter ; but unless the Imperialists, which are still left in Piedmont, can be recruited before summer, all our army here will but just serve for the garrison of Turin. We did expect my Lord Peterborough at Nice all the month of September. He had sent rae notice very positively, the 28th of August, that he was coraing. I was very glad that his Lordship was too well eraployed, and to so good purpose in Catalonia ; but bis Royal Highness has it still in his raind, in his thoughts, in his hopes, that the Queen will please to send hira 2 or 3000 raen to Nice, though the eneraies are now ac tually besieging the castle of Nice, as if they were resolved to shut that door before spring. However, Count Brian9on will have orders to solicit the Queen, and her Ministers, on this subject. " Mr. Cavallier is gone disguised over the Alps " to try if he can find the way once raore into the Cevennes. " The eneraies have few or no troops left in Languedoc ; and " if he can once raore get at the head of an array he raay prove " of great use to his friends, which are now in Catalonia. I "have provided hira with 400 louis d'or, half of which I must " require from your Lordship. We do yet conceal his jour- " ney with all the care that is possible," I desire your Lord- MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. 667 ship to give rae leave to put you in mind of the proraise which you were pleased to make to rae, in your letter of August the 10th, because I ara sure now that the Queen's service will permit me to be relieved here. I am, &c. To the Lord Treasurer. Hill. From Mr Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the ^th November, 1705. Sir, I did rayself the honour to write to you the 4th, 1 1th, and 18th, inst. I have since then received what you were pleased to write to rae the 5th October, and have again as sured his Royal Highness, with sorae soleranity, that her Ma jesty has yet entertained no thoughts of any kind of negotia tion with her eneraies ; that when the tirae is come to raake any steps towards any treaty, her Majesty will first consult with her allies, and in particular with his Royal Highness, whose interest and satisfaction will be the care and concern of her Majesty. His Royal Highness was pleased to answer me very graciously, owning that his greatest support and pro tection during this war are from the Queen ; and that his greatest hopes, whenever the time of peace does come, are founded upon the assurances which he has of her Majesty's goodness. I leave Count Brian9on to say the rest. He will have orders to solicit the restitution of the powder, salt-petre, and lead, which were not brought this summer to Nice, as was well proraised. His Royal Highness was forced, about six raonths since, to draw all the powder which he could frora the castle of Nice to this town. He has been now obliged to send it all back again thither. How to replace that powder here is now the greatest difficulty ; but it must needs be replaced before suraraer. I am assured that his Royal Highness has burnt a good deal of powder this year, which had cost him a crown per pound weight. The Duke of Berwick had opened the trenches against the castle of Nice, the 17th ; but he has yet made no impression upon the place. The recruits for the French armies are already beginning to pass the Alps. The first which came were 5 or 600 of the Queen's subjects, sent to recruit the Irish battalions, which are in Lorabardy : and, I believe, they were all prisoners, or deserters, frora ray Lord Marlborough's army. 4n2 668 MR, HILL TO MR, SECRETARY HEDGES. I have raet with such odd and unexpected usage in soliciting the restitution of the Protestant child to his poor parents, that I raust beg your pardon if I ara a little negligent in the exe cution of the orders, which you did send rae the 5tb of Jqne. In all other occasions I ara, &c. To Mr, Secretary Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to ihe Lord Treasurer, Turin, the 1st Deceraber, S.N., 1705. My Lord, I did rayself the honour to write to your Lordship the 25th past. Since then Colonel Hamilton is corae hither frora Barcelona with letters from the King of Spain, and my Lord Peterborough, giving a perfect account of all the great and glorious successes ofthe Queen's arras in Catalonia. My Lord Peterborough has also sent, with four of the Queen's ships, our Duke's aramunition. Three of the said ships arrived safe before Oneiglia, and landed their cargo : we are in pain for the fourth. My Lord does write to rae in very pressing terras to send these ships back to Barcelona, laden with money for the subsistence of the Queen's troops, for the raising of new troops in Catalonia, and for carrying on the war in Spain. The King himself, and his Prince of Lichtenstein, have done rae the honour to write to me upon the same subject : and my Lord Peterborough has taxed me at a £100,000 ster ling. I had rather your Lordship had wrote three lines to me on this subject, than all the Kings in Christendom. My Lord Peterborough has sent rae your Lordship's letter to hira, ofthe 10th September, by which you promise to take care of him, and to send credit for him to Genoa, and Leghorn, so soon as you should know his occasions. I am therefore come to this reso lution. I have proraised the Colonel that he shall not go back erapty ; that whilst his ships are cleaning and victualling, we will expect your Lordship's orders ; that if your orders do not corae by the tirae the ships are ready to sail, I will then go to Genoa, and Leghorn, and help hira to all the raoney I can, which raay be I hope above 100,000 crowns. I believe your Lordship would not have the service in Catalonia starved; but I should have need of all your Lordship's goodness to ex cuse me, if I took too rauch upon rae. We cannot expect your Lordship's orders in answer to this letter ; but if my Lord MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER, ETC. 669 Shannon made haste-with his good news, I believe your Lord ship's orders will be at Genoa, and Leghorn, before the ships are ready to sail back to Barcelona. I am, &c. To the Lord Treasurer, Hill. From Mr, HiU to Messrs, Scudamore, and Co,, ^c, Turin, the 1st December, S. N., 1705. Sirs, I believe her Majesty's ships, the Antelope, Newcastle, the Mary-Galley, and the Lyrae, will all, or some of thera, corae into your port to clean, and to furnish theraselves with provisions, and what else they want, I desire you, therefore, to give the Captains all the advice and assistance you can, and to give them credit for what monies they may want for the said uses : for the payment of which you will take the Cap tains' or the Pursers' bills upon the Navy-board, and the Com- raissioners of the Victualling office, which bills will be readily paid by the said Comraissioners ; in default of which, I do proraise to take care to see thera paid. If there be any offi cer frora the Navy-board, or the Victualling office, in your town, or any other person who has orders frora those boards to furnish these ships, I desire they raay do it ; but if not, I desire you will let the Captains and their Pursers have credit for whatever they want for the Queen's service, and the ne cessities of their ships. I ara, &c. To Messrs, Scudamore, and Co. Hill. [Genoa], and to Messrs, Western, and Co,, [Livomo.] From Mr. Hill to Mr, Secretary Hedges, Turin, the 2nd Deceraber, S. N., 1705. Sir, I had the honour to write to you, the 25th past. Since then Colonel Harailton is arrived here with letters from the King of Spain, and my Lord Peterborough, and with a perfect account of the siege and surrender of Barcelona, and the re duction of all Catalonia, excepting Roses alone. As we do understand this affair here now, it is all very glorious for the Queen's arras, and for those who have had the honour to serve her Majesty : and we do hope the eneraies will be obliged to alter the system of the war the next year, and, by being o- 670 MR. hill to MR. SECRETARY HEDGES. bliged to have another army in Roussillon, we hope they will have less force and less attention towards the war in Lom bardy and Piedraont. My Lord Peterborough has now sent his Royal Highness's amraunition. The Newcastle, Ante lope, and Mary-Galley, with a hired Genoese Tartane, have landed their cargoes at Oneiglia : we are yet in pain for the Lyme, and what was aboard her. I have taken care to clean and victual these ships at Leghorn, and Genoa, that they may go back to ray Lord Peterborough, and carry to his Lordship as much money as my Lord Treasurer shall send to Genoa and Leghorn for the service in Catalonia. The King of Spain was pleased to write to me himself, directing me to go to Ge noa upon this service. His Royal Highness would have me go thither ; and I only delay ray journey in hopes I raay receive some letters from you, or my Lord Treasurer, upon this sub ject. If I do not receive the honour of the Queen's com mands, I shall venture to do the best I can for her Majesty's service, in hopes she will approve and excuse my zeal. The advices which we have from Nice say, that the enemies have now 20 battalions there, with which they carry on the siege of the castle. The Duke de Feuilliade diverts himself at Casal, since his unfortunate expedition to Ast, and leaves us pretty quiet here in Piedihont. But he has sent a detach ment down to the Duke of Vendome, who does pretend to press the Imperialists, and to hinder P. Eugene from esta blishing his winter-quarters, either in the Mantuan, or Ferrar- ese. In the mean tirae both Gerraans and French are on the territories of the Republic. Yesterday our good Duchess made a present to his Royal Highness of a third Prince, to the great joy and satisfaction of this Court. To raorrow we shall make all the public demonstrations of joy for the won derful success of the Queen's arms in Catalonia. I have not the honour of any letter from you since that of October the 5th. I ara, &c. To Mr. Secretary Hedges. Hill. From Mr, Hill to Mr. Secretary Hedges, Genoa, December ^ 1705. Sir, I did myself the honour to write to you the 2nd inst.i when I was almost determined, by the instances of my Lord MR. HILL TO SIR CHARLES HEDGES. 671 Peterborough, by the King of Spain's commands, and by the opinion of his Royal Highness, to come to this place. I am labouring here the best I can to get a good sum of money, which Colonel Hamilton will carry with him to Barcelona for the subsistence of the Queen's forces which are in Catalonia. I am taking also the best care I can here to get raoney and cre dit for the victualling, cleaning, and repairing the Queen's ships which are corae in here, and which do want a great raany things. I do humbly desire you will procure me the Queen's pardon, if I did araiss in coining from ray post at Turin with out your orders. I have no account yet of the Lyrae, which was separated from the three other ships by bad weather : she has some of the Duke of Savoy's amraunition on board her. I have not the honour of any letters frora you since those of October 5th. I did leave Mr. Chetwynd at Turin, who vrill give you an ac count of what passes there in ray absence. Here is some advice frora sea that Roses is surrendered ; but sea-advices are very uncertain. I am &c. To Sir Ch, Hedges, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Earl of Peterborough, Genoa, Deceraber j|th, 1705. My Lord, I did not receive the letter with which your Lordship was pleased to honour rae the 28th October, S.V., till the 28th Noveraber, S. N., when Colonel Hamilton arrived at Tu rin, and brought us a perfect account of the glorious and wonderful successes ofthe Queen's arms under your Lordship's command. We are all obliged to your Lordship for turning the fortune and the advantages of the campaign entirely on the side of the Queen and her allies. I hope your Lordship will now easily forgive all those, who did turn your arras to wards Catalonia : even they who were more desirous that your Lordship should come further will find their account in your Lordship's conquests in Catalonia ; unless the enemies should so far neglect the affairs of Spain, or despair of any success that way, as to carry still all their forces and attention to the war in Italy. That does seem to be the case at present ; for our campaign is not yet ended, either in Piedmont, or Lombardy. The Duke of Vendome is still pressing hard upon Prince Eugene, who was, by our last letters, at Lunato, 672 MR. HILL TO THE EARL OF PETERBOROUGH. and the French at Derensana, upon the Lac di Guarda. The Duke of Berwick is besieging the castle of Nice, ever since the raiddle of last raonth, with all the forces which he could draw frora Provence and Languedoc. But all his army does not raake above 6000 men, and he will have work for a good while. My Lord, I came down hither, so soon as ever I could, with Colonel Hamilton, to labour all I can possibly, to send your Lordship what you do seera to want and desire most. I dare not yet venture to proraise any thing ; but I will do every thing which is possible for rae to do. Whilst the three ships, which are corae in here, are victualling, repairing, and clean ing, I ara endeavouring to get ray packets ready for thera. The Antelope had a battle as she was coraing hither, and will re quire a great deal of repair. The Lyrae is not corae in here ; we hope she raay be returned to Barcelona. If so, I hope your Lordship will please to give sorae new orders about the rest of the Duke of Savoy's aramunition which is aboard her. I venture to send this by a merchantraan, who is bound to Barcelona. I shall have the honour to write raore particularly by Colonel Harailton. In the mean time I pray you to believe that I am, with the greatest respect, ray Lord, Yours, &c. To Lord Peterborough, Hill. From Mr, Hill to the Lord Treasurer, Genoa, Deceraber ^th, 1705. My Lord, I did rayself the honour to write to your Lordship, the 1st. instant. Since then I am come hither in hopes I might get some money here to send to my Lord Peterborough, as he did desire rae. His ships, which carae in here, are not yet cleaned ; and the very foul weather which we have here now does delay the despatch of thera. I do therefore delay ray ne gotiations in proportion, in hopes that we may receive some orders from your Lordship. I am the raore slow here, be cause your Lordship's reraittances raay chance to corae in time, which will be considerably cheaper than the bills which I can draw hence. I do find that ray Lord Peterborough has drawn bills upon Mr. Arundell' for 20,000 crowns, which 1 Arundell and Bates, of Livomo. MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. 673 Mr. Arundell says he will pay. I have agreed, I think, for 50,000 crowns more here, and I hope we may expect your Lordship's orders before I go any farth er . The public advices, by the way of France, do say, that the Spaniards do resolve to turn their arras towards Catalonia, so soon as they can, I find that the French arraies in Italy are paid from this place. The French King allows a 112 louis d'or, or value at Paris, for a 100 louis d' or, or value paid here, and the mer chants are charged with all exchanges, &c, "The King does allow the contractors to export one-third of all these payraents in specie, if it appears that the exchanges will not suffice. These payraents amount to about 400,000 crowns per month, I am, &c. To the Lord Treasurer, Hill. From Mr. HiU to Sir Charles Hedges. Genoa, December ^-ftb, 1705. Sir, 1 did rayself the honour to write to you from hence, the 13th instant, and gave you an account of my being come hither, to serve the Queen's ships, which were come in here from Barcelona, and to serve my Lord Peterborough as far as I could, in helping hira to some raoney frora hence for the subsistence of the Queen's forces which are in Barcelona. I am still here upon the sarae account. The bad weather and accidents will keep the ships up these ten days yet ; and I am desirous to expect, so long as I can, any orders or di rections which my Lord Treasurer raay chance to send to me, or to somebody else, in this matter. But when the ships are ready they shall not stay for me one hour. I fear I must serve the Holland troops also which are with my Lord Peterborough. They have sent assignments by Col. Hamilton for about 50,000 gl, payable at the Hague ; but no body here will meddle with the said assignments. If no or ders do corae frora the Hague in this raatter, by the tirae Col, Hamilton is ready to sail, I will endeavom- to serve the States, and their troops, all I can. The Duke of Berwick does ruin the castle of Nice as fast as he can. His array is very small ; but his artillery is great, and well served. What we shall want in the place is powder, of which I fear you may hear sorae complaints. We hear that the Lyme, which was sepa- 4 o 674 MR. HILL TO SIR CHARLES HEDGES. rated from her company coming hither, is got back to Barce lona ; but that she was forced to throw sorae of his Royal Highness's amraunition overboard. His Royal Highness has sent an officer hither, who has a commission to put a detach ment of 200 men, and some powder, into the castle of Nice, and does require the assistance of the Queen's ships which are here. I have shewed this officer the ships, and that they will not be ready in ten days. If he cannot execute the Duke's orders in that tirae, I have assured his Royal Highness that the Queen's ships will assist hira the best they can. We have no letters frora my Lord Peterborough since Colonel Hamilton carae thence ; but I thought the enclosed letters from Xativa and Alicant worth sending to you. I have received here the honour of your letters of the 23rd October, and of the 2nd November, by which you are pleased to tell rae, that the Queen does give rae leave to return home, for which I do most hurably thank her Majesty. If I had received those orders before I carae hither, I should have taken leave of his Royal Highness before I carae frora Turin. As it is now, I shall go back to Turin when I have done here, if any service for his Royal Highness does require it. But since I did venture ray liberty in coraing hither, and raust run the gauntlet twice raore, if I go hence to Turin, to come hither again, I shall not run all those hazards only to raake a corapliraent, &c. To Sir Charles Hedges. [Hill.] Deceraber 27th Mr. Hill wrote to Mr. Brydges, to give ad vice that he had paid 43,000 crowns to Colonel Harailton ; that he had 27,000 crowns raore ready for hira : that he had drawn a bill, at 60 days' date, on him for £5000 sterling, for Messrs. Western and Lambert, and four bills for Labesse and Lasseur for £140, £160, £200, and £500 sterling, at 60d. sterling per crown, &c. From Mr. HiU to the Duke of Savoy. [a Gennes,] Jan. 2*, 170gj Monseigneur, J'ay re9eu icy les ordres de la Reyne de prendre conge de V. A. R., et de rae rendre aupres de S.M. J'ay ete fort raortifie de n' avoir pas re9eu ces ordres avant que de partir de Turin, puisque j' aurois peu deraander en raeilleure forrae a V. A. R., 1' honneur de ses commandements MR. KILL TO THE DUKE OF SAVOY. 675 a r observation desquels j' aurois jure une attention et une fidelite eternelle. Ce n' est pas ni raon peu de sante, ni la raauvaise saison, ni les difficultes du chemin, qui ra' erapeschent de revenir a Turin pour rae mettre aux pieds de V. A. R. : c' est la necessite de nos affaires qui ra' oblige d'aller jusques a Livorne avant que de pouvoir expedier Mons. Hamilton, qui meprive de cet honneur. Je supplie done tres humblement V. A. R., de m' honorer icy de ses ordres, et des lettres qu'elle veut bien avoir la bonte de rae donner pour la Reyne. Je rapporteray avec raoy a Londres un coeur bien rempli de zele et de devotion pour le service de V.A.R., etje seray toute ma vie avec la plus pure fidelite, et le plus ardent attachement, Monseigneur, De V. A. R., &c., &c. A S. A. R. Hill. From Mr. Hill to the Lord Treasurer. Genoa, January 3rd, S. N., 1706. My Lord, I did rayself the honour to write to your Lordship> the 1st, and 19th past. I should not trouble your Lordship again to day, but to give you quick and short accounts of what I am doing here, for your Lordship's service, I hope, as well as for my Lord Peterborough's. We have no account yet from London that ray Lord Shannon, or B. Stanhope, or any one of the Queen's ships was arrived in England, to tell my Lord Peterborough's story, and his wants. The Queen's ships will be ready to sail hence, if the weather holds fair, as the Captains do promise me, before we can expect any more let ters from London. I have therefore ventured to do as follows : My Lord Peterborough gets for bills which he drew on Mr. Arundell, of Leghorn, crowns 20,000 ; I have given to Colonel Hamilton here 50,000 ; I have provided raore for hira, at Leghorn, where our ships must go, it seeras, to get sorae raain-top-raasts, 20,000 ; I do intend to give to Colonel Hamilton, if I hear nothing from your Lordship, 10,000 ; which will make together £25,000 steriing, or 100,000. 4o2 676 MR. HILL TO THE LORD TREASURER. I am willing to venture so far with regard to their wants and occasions in Catalonia, and because of the difficulties which there will be to send any more raoney to Barcelona, till the -- Hill, Gropello. Je soussigne Conseiller, et Tresorier-General de S. A R confesse avoir eu et regeu de Monsieur Hill, EnvoyeExtra- ordinaire de Sa Majeste Britannique, la sorarae deux cents quatre vingt raille livres, raonnoye de Piedraont, valeur de septante mil escus a quatre vingt solds piece a bon compte des 4v2 724 RECEIPTS FROM AYME FERRERO TO MR. HILL. subsides que la dite A. R. doit regevoir de sa dite Majeste. Pour laquelle somrae de £280,000, valeur corarae dessus je quitte. Fait a Turin, ce vingt-sixieme Avril, mille sept cents et quatre. Pour £280,000. Je soussigne declare d'avoir expedie, et remis a Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, Envoye Extraordinaire de S. M. B. aupres de S. A. R., ma quittance telle que la cy-dessus sous la raerae date, et pour la raerae sorarae ; etayant ete requis par mondit Sieur le Chevalier Hill de la luy donner double, j'ay expedie celle-cy qu' avec 1' autre ne servira que pour un seul payement, et n' apportera aucune duplication pour quel conque cause que ce puisse estre, et ce nonobstant qu' a la dite quittance expedie, et remise comme dessus I'on n'aye fait aucune declaration, ni annotation pour la rendre double. Fait a Turin, ce 14' Mars, 1705. Ayme Ferrero. Je soussigne Conseiller, et Tresorier-General de S. A. R., confesse avoir eu et re§eu de Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, En voye Extraordinaire de Sa Majeste Britannique, la sorarae de cent soixante mille livres, monnoye de Piedmont, valeur de quarante mil escus a quatre vingt solds piece a bon compte de subsides que la dite A. R. doit re9evoir de sa dite Majeste. Pour laquelle sorarae de £160,000, valeur corarae dessus je quitte. Fait a Turin, cinquierae May, raille sept cents et quatre.Pour £160,000. Je soussigne declare d'avoir expedie, et rerais a Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, Envoye Extraordinaire de S.M.B. aupres de S. A. R., raa quittance telle que la cy-dessus sous la raerae date, et pour la raerae sorarae ; et ayant ete requis par mondit Sieur le Chevalier HiU de la luy donner double, j'ay expedie ceUe-cy qu' avec 1' autre ne servira que pour un seul payement, et n' apportera aucune duplication pour quelconque cause que ce puisse etre, et ce nonobstant qu' a la dite quit tance expediee, et remise corarae dessus Ton n'aye fait aucune declaration, ni annotation pour la rendre double. Fait a Turin, ce 14' Mars, 1705. Ayme Ferrero. Je soussigne Conseiller, et Tresorier-General de S. A. R., confesse avoir eu et re9eu de Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, En voye Exti-aordinaire de Sa Majeste Britannique la somme de RECEIPTS FROM AYME FERRERO TO MR. HILL. 725 trois cents vingt-huit raille livres, raonnoye de Piedraont, valeur de quatre vingt rail escus a quatre livres, deux solds piece a bon corapte des subsides que la dite A.R. doit re9e- voir de sa dite Majeste. Pour laquelle sorarae de £328,000, valeur comme dessus je quitte. Fait a Turin, ce huitieme Aoust, raille sept cents et quatre. Pour £328,000. Je soussigne declare d'avoir expedie, et rerais a Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, Envoye Extraordinaire de S. M.B. aupres de S.A.R., ina quittance telle que la cy-dessus sous la raerae date, et pour la raerae sorarae ; et ayant ete requis par mondit Sieur le Chevalier Hill de la luy donner double, j'ay expedie celle-cy qu' avec 1' autre ne servira que pour un seul payement, et n' apportera aucune duplication pour quel conque cause que ce puisse etre, et ce nonobstant qu' a la dite quittance expediee, et reraise corarae dessus l' on n' aye fait aucune declaration, ni annotation pour la rendre double. Fait a Turin, ce 14' Mars, 1705. Ayme Ferrero. Je soussigne Conseiller, et Tresorier-General de S. A R,, confesse avoir eu et re9eu de Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, En voye Extraordinaire de Sa Majeste Britannique, la sorarae de cent neuf raille trois cents trente-trois livres, six solds, et huit deniers, raonnoye de Piedraont, valeur de vingt-six raille six cents soixante six escus et deux tiers a quatre livres, deux solds piece a bon compte des subsides que la dite A.R. doit re9evoir de sa dite Majeste. Pour laquelle somrae de £109,333 6 8, valeur corarae dessus je quitte. Fait a Turin, ce neufierae Aoust, raille sept cents et quatre. Pour £109,333 6 8. Je soussigne declare d' avoir expedie, et rerais a Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, Envoye Extraordinaire de S.M.B. aupres de S.A.R., raa quittance telle que la cy-dessus sous la meme date, et pour la raerae somrae ; et ayant ete requis par raondit Sieur Chevalier Hill de la luy donner double, j'ay expedie celle-cy qu' avec 1' autre ne servira que pour un seul payement, et n' apportera aucune duplication pour quel conque cause que ce puisse etre, et ce nonobstant qu' a la dite quittance expediee, et reraise corarae dessus 1' on n'aye fait aucune declaration, ni annotation pour la rendre double Fait a Turin, ce 14' Mars, 1705. Ayme Ferrero. Je soussigne Conseiller, et Tresorier-General de S, A. R., 726 RECEIPTS FROM AYME FERRERO TO MR. HILL. confesse avoir eu et re9eu de Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, En voye Extraordinaire de Sa Majeste Britannique la somme de cent neuf mille trois cents trente-trois livres, six solds, et huit deniers, raonnoye de Piedmont, valeur de vingt-six mille six cents soixante-six escus et deux tiers a quatre livres, deux solds piece a bon compte des subsides que la dite A.R. doit re9evoir de sa dite Majeste. Pour laquelle somme de £109,333 6 8 valeur comme dessus je quitte. Fait a Turin, ce vingt-troisieme Octobre, mille sept cents et quatre. Pour £109,333 6 8. Je soussigne declare d'avoir expedie, et remis a Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, Envoye Extraordinaire de S. M.B. aupres de S. A. R., raa quittance telle que la cy-dessus sous la raerae date, et pour la raerae somrae ; et ayant ete requis par raondit le Sieur Chevalier Hill de la luy donner double, j'ay expedie celle-cy qu' avec l' autre ne servira que pour un seul payeraent, et n' apportera aucune duplication pour quel conque cause que ce puisse etre, et ce nonobstant qu' a la dite quittance expediee, et remise comme dessus Ton n'aye fait aucune declaration, ni annotation pour la rendre double. Fait a Turin, ce 14' Mars, 1705. Ayme Ferrero. Je soussigne Conseiller, et Tresorier-General de S. A. R., confesse avoir eu et re9eu de Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, En voye Extraordinaire de Sa Majeste Britannique, la somrae de trois cents vingt-huit raille livres, raonnoye de Piedraont, valeur de quatre-vingt raille escus, a quatre livres, deux solds piece a bon corapte des subsides que la dite A.R. doit re9evoir de sa dite Majeste. Pour laquelle sorarae de £328,000, valeur corarae dessus je quitte. Fait a Turin, vingt-septieme Octo bre, mille sept cents et quatre. Pour £328,000. Je soussigne declare d'avoir expedie, et remis a Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, Envoye Extraordinaire de S. M.B. aupres de S. A. R., ma quittance telle que la cy-dessus sous la raerae date, et pour la raerae somrae ; et ayant ete requis par raondit Sieur Chevalier Hill de la luy donner double, j'ay expedie celle-cy qu' avec 1' autre ne servira que pour un seul payement, et n' apportera aucune duplication pour quel conque cause que ce puisse estre, et ce nonobstant qu' a la dite quittance expediee, et remise comme dessus Ton n'aye fait aucune declaration, ni annotation pour la rendre double. Fait a Turin, ce 14' Mars, 1705. Ayme Ferrero. RECEIPTS FROM AYME FERRERO TO MR. HILL. 727 Je soussigne Conseiller, et Tresorier-General de S. A. R., confesse avoir eu et re9eu de Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, En voye Extraordinaire de Sa Majeste Britannique, la sorarae de deux cents dix-huit mille six cents soixante-six livres, treize solds, et quatre deniers, raonnnoye de Piedraont, valeur de cinquante-trois raille trois cents trente-trois escus, six solds, et huit deniers a quatre livres, deux solds piece a bon compte des subsides que la dite A. R. doit re9evoir de sa dite Majeste. Pour laquelle somme de £218,666 13 4, valeur comme dessus je quitte. Fait a Turin, ce vingt-septiesme Janvier, mille sept cents et cinq. Pour £218,666 13 4. Je soussigne declare d'avoir expedie, et remis a Monsieiu' le Chevalier Hill, Envoye Extraordinaire de S. M. B. aupres de S. A. R., ma quittance telle que la cy- dessus sous la meme date, et pour la raerae somme; et ayant ete requis par mondit Sieur le Chevalier Hill de la luy donner double, j' ay expedie celle-cy qu' avec 1' autre ne servira que pour un seul payeraent, et n'apportera aucune duplication pour quelconque cause que ce puisse estre, et ce nonobstant qu'a la dite quittance expediee, et reraise comme dessus Ton n'aye fait aucune declaration, ni annotation pour la rendre double. Fait a Turin, ce 14' Mars, 1705. Ayme Ferrero. Je soussigne Conseiller, et Tresorier-General de S. A. R., confesse avoir eu et re9eu de Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, En voye Extraordinaire de Sa Majeste Britannique, la sorarae de deux cents dix-huit raille six cents soixante-six livres, treize solds, et quatre deniers, raonnoye de Piedraont, valeur de cinquante trois raille trois cents trente-trois escus, six solds, et huit deniers a quatre livres, deux solds piece a bon compte des subsides que la dite A.R. doit re9evoir de sa dite Majeste. Pour laquelle somrae de £218,666 13 4 : valeur comme dessus je quitte. Fait a Turin, ce vingt-septieme Janvier mille sept cents, et cinq. Pour £218,666 13 4. Je soussigne declare d'avoir expedie, et remis a Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, Envoye Extraordinaire de S.M.B. aupres de S.A.R., ma quittance telle que la cy-dessus sous la meme date, et pour la raerae sorarae ; et ayant ete requis par raon dit Sieur le Chevalier Hill de la luy donner double, j'ay expedie celle-cy qu' avec I'autre ne servira que pour un seul payeraent, et n'apportera aucune duplication pour quelconque cause qu' elle puisse etre, et ce nonobstant qu' a la dite quit- 728 RECEIPTS FROM AYME FERRERO TO MR. HILL. tance expediee, et reraise corarae dessus Ton n'aye fait aucune declaration, ni annotation pour la rendre double. Fait a Turin, ce 14' Mars, 1705. Ayme Ferrero. Je soussigne Conseiller, et Tresorier-General de S.A. R,, confesse avoir eu et re9eu de Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, En voye Extraordinaire de Sa Majeste Britannique, la somme de quatre cents trente-sept mille trois cents trente-trois livres, six solds et huit deniers, raonnoye de Piedraont, valeur de cent six raille six cents soixante-six escus, et deux tiers, a quatre livres, deux solds piece a bon compte des subsides que la dite A. R, doit re9evoir de sa dite Majeste. Pour laquelle somme de £437,333 6 8, valeur comme dessus je quitte. Fait a Turin, ce quatrieme Mars, mille sept cents et cinq. Pour £437,333 6 8 Je soussigne declare d'avoir expedie, et remis a Monsieur le Chevalier Hill, Envoye Extraordinaire de S. M.B. aupres de S. A. R., ma quittance telle que la cy-dessus sous la meme date, et pour la raerae sorarae ; et ayant ete requis par raondit Sieur le Chevalier Hill de la luy donner double, j' ay expedie celle-cy qu' avec 1' autre ne servira que pour un seul payement, et n'apportera aucune duplication pour quel conque cause que' elle puisse etre, et ce nonobstant qu' a la dite quittance expediee, et remise comme dessus Ton n'aye fait aucune declaration, ni annotation pour la rendre double. Fait a Turin, ce 14' Mars, 1705. Ayme Ferrero. Lettres de change a moy livrees. Lettre de Theodore Janssen du vingt troisieme Janvier a soixante jours de date, sur Messieurs Colomba, et Calcini, pour £109,333 6 8 Autre de Step. Evance du mesrae jour, sur les dits £109,333 6 8 Autre de Couvreu, Baudouin, Santini, et Seig- noret, de mesrae £109,333 6 8 Autre de Tourton, et G. Guigner, de mesrae sur les dits £109,333 6 8 £437,333 6 8 Je confesse d'avoir re9eu des raains de Monsieur Hill, ces quatres lettres de change endossees a luy par Monsieur Ch. RECEIPTS FROM AYME FERRERO TO MR. HILL. 729 Fox, faisant enserable la sorarae de quatre cents trente-sept mille trois cents trente-trois livres, six sols, et huit deniers, monnoye de Piedraont, valeur de n° cent six raille [six] cents soixante-six, et deux tiers escus, a raison de huitante-deux sols piece a bon corapte des subsides payables a S. A. R., par S.M.B., du quel present re9eu j'en ay fait un double. A Turin, ce vingt et unieme Mars, raiUe sept cents cinq. [Pour £437,333 6 8.] Ayme Ferrero. a Londres, le 23' Mars, 170^. £437,333 6 8, de Piemond. A Soixante jours de date payez cette premiere de change a r ordre de 1' Honorable Mons. Charles Fox, Escu^, quatre cents trente-sept mille trois cents trente-trois livres, six sols, huit deniers, monnoye de Piemond, valeur du dit Sieur. A Messieurs Theod. Janssen. Messrs. Colomba et Calcin, a Turin. Je confesse d' avoir re9eu des mains de Mons. HUl la susdite lettre de change endossee a luy par Mons. Charles Fox, fais ant la somrae de quatre cents trente-sept mUle trois cents trente-trois livres, six sols, huit deniers, raonnoye de Pie mond, valeur de n° 106,666f escus a raison de huitante-deux sols piece a bon corapte des subsides payables a S.A.R., par S.M.B., du quel present re9eu j'en ay fait un double. A Turin, ce douzieme May, miUe sept cents cinq. [Pour £437,333 6 8.] Ayme Ferrero. a Londres, le 23' May, 1705. £426,975 9, de Piemond. A soixante jours de date payez cette premiere de change a r ordre de l' Honorable Monsieur Jaques Brydges, Escu'. quatre cents vingt-six mille neuf cents septante-cinq livres, neuf sols, raonnoye de Pieraond, valeur du dit Sieur. A Messieurs Theod : Janssen. Messrs. Colomba et Calcin, a Turin. Je confesse d'avoir re9eu des raains de Mons. Hill la susdite lettre de change endossee a luy par Mons. Jaques Brydges, fais ant la sorarae de quatre cents vingt-six raille neuf cents sep tante-cinq livres, neuf sols, raonnoye de Piemond, valeur de n" cent quatre raille cent quarante et un tiers escus, a raison de huitante-deux sols piece a bon corapte des subsides pava- bles a S.A.R., par S.M.B., du quel present re9eu j' en ay fait un double. A Turin, ce onzieme Juillet, raille sept cents cinq. Pour £426,975 9, de Piemond. Ayme Ferrero. 4w 730 RECEIPTS FROM AYME FERRERO TO MR. HILL. In respect to this receipt Mr. Hill remarks, N.B. This receipt is for £426,975 9 0 Paid to Mr. Neutin, by warrant, for the freight of aramunition for his Royal Highness, 10,357 17 8 Sum. £437,333 6 8 which make the subsidies for 2 months, ending October 2nd, S.N. 1705. a Londres, le 20' Juillet, 1705. £437,333 6 8, de Piemont. A soixante jours de date payez cette seconde de change, la premiere et troisiesme ne 1' estant a l' ordre de 1' Honorable Jacques Brydges Escu^, quatre cents trente-sept mille trois cents trente-trois livres, six sols, huit deniers de Piemont, va leur du dit Sieur, A Messieurs Theod : Janssen. Messrs. Colomba et Calcin, Tresoriers de Madame Royale, a Turin. Payez le contenu a 1' ordre de Mons. le Tresorier-General, Ame Ferrero. a Turin, ce 22' Sept'' 1705. Rich. Hill. Je confesse avoir re9eu des raains de Mons. Hill, la susdite lettre de change endossee a luy par Mons. Jacques Brydges, faisant la sorarae de quatre cents trente-sept mille trois cents trente-trois livres, six sols, huit deniers, monnoye de Pied mont, valeur de cent six mille six cents soixante-six, deux tiers escus, a raison de huitante-deux sols piece a bon compte des subsides payables a S.A.R., par S.M.B., du quel present re9eu j' en ay fait un double, a Turin, ce 14' Octobre, 1705. Pour £437,333 6 87 Ayme Ferrero. a Londres, le 23' Sepf^' 1705. £437,333 6 8, de Piemont. a soixante jours de date payez cette premiere de change a I'ordre de Mons. le Cap"' Henry Cartwright quatre cents trente- sept raille trois cents trente-trois livres, six sols, huit deniers, raonnoye de Pieraont, valeur du dit Sieur. A Messieurs Theod : Janssen. Messrs. Colomba et Calcin, Tresoriers de Madame Royale, a Turin. receipts FROM AYME FERRERO, ETC. TO MR. HILL. 731 Payez le contenu a I'ordre de Mons. le Tresorier-General, Ame Ferrero. a Turin, ce premier Decembre, 1 705. Richard Hill. Je confesse avoir re9eu des mains de Mons. Hill, la susdite lettre de change endossee a luy par Mons. Henry Cartwright, faisant la somme de quatre cents trente-sept mille trois cents trente-trois livres, six sols, huit deniers, monnoye de Pie mont, valeur de cent six miUe six cents soixante-six, et deux tiers escus, a raison de huitante-deux sols piece a bon compte des subsides payables a S.A.R., par Sa Majeste Britannique, du quel present re9eu j' en ay fait un double, a Turin, ce premier Decembre, 1705. Ayme Ferrero. APPENDIX B. The dismal tempest referred to by Admiral Sir Georoe Rooke, at page 68, is thus noticed in Bayer's Hinory of Queen Anne. " On the 26th of November, between eleven and twelve of the clock in the evening, began the most violent storm that ever was known in England, either in the memory of anv man hving, or recorded in story, the wind, whieh was" west south west, resembhng thunder at a distance, attended with sreat flashes of lightning. It continued with almost an unrelenting fury tiU seven the next morning ; blowing down a multitude of chimneys, tops of houses, and even whole buildint^ ; tear ing up a multitude of trees by the roots, breaking of 'others in the middle, beating several spires off the steeples ; rolling up great quantities of lead, like scrolls of parchment, and blow ing them off the churches, halls, and houses. In this hurri cane, several people were killed in their beds, particularly the pious and learned Bishop of Bath and Wells, and his lady • several others wounded, but abundance more miraculouly pre served. The damage done in London and Westminster was conjectured to amount to one million sterling ; and that of the city of Bristol, to little less than one hundred and fifty thou sand pounds. It pleased God, that this calamity was not uni versal, the northern parts of this island having little felt the effects of it. But yet our losses at land were inconsiderable m comparison with those we sustained at sea: for not onlv several ships of the Royal Navy, besides others belonffinsr to private persons, were cast away, but abundance of brave men 4w2 732 APPENDICES B. and C, irrecoverably lost. Upon this disraal occasion, the House of Commons unanimously resolved, ' That an address be pre sented to her Majesty, expressing the great sense the House had of the calamity fallen upon the kingdom, by the late vio lent storm ; and that they could not see any diminution of her Majesty's Navy, without raaking provision to repair the sarae : wherefore they besought her Majesty, that she would iraraediately give direction for repairing this loss, andfor build ing such capital ships as her Majesty should think fit ; and to assure her Majesty, that, at their next meeting, the House would effectually make good that expense ; and would now give dispatch in raising the supplies already voted, for making good her Majesty's treaties with the King of Portugal, and all ber Majesty's other allies ; and would consider of effectual ways for promoting of trade, forraanaging her Majesty's Navy Royal, and for encouraging the searaen.' To this address the Queen returned a suitable answer ; and not many days after, was is sued out her Majesty's proclamation, comraanding, 'That a general and public fast be observed throughout all England, on the 19th of January ensuing, to iraplore God Alraighty's blessing and favour, and that it would please him to pardon the crying sins of this nation, which had drawn down this sad judgraent, to avert the like judgraents for the future, and ob tain tbe heavenly blessing on the forces of her Majesty and her allies, both by sea and land.' Which fast was accordingly raost religiously observed." APPENDIX C. Flotard; page 82. Boyer, in his life of Queen Anne, alludes to Flotard in the following extract: — " The progress of the Cevennois raade the Sovereigns, in alliance against France, attentive to that insurrection; [the insurrection of the Protestants in the Cevennes, in the south of France, to which they were provoked by the persecutions which they endured;] and the general concern the English nation expressed for a people that fought for the Protestant cause, together with the solicitations of the Marquis de Mire- mont, and other illustrious French refugees in their favour, moved her Majesty, and her Royal Consort, Prince George, to propose the relieving of thera in Council. — The result of several consultations was, that since all ways to relieve the Cevennois were shut up by land, the fieet that was to go into the Mediterranean, under the command of Admiral Shovel, APPENDICES C, AND D. 733 should endeavour to carry them a supply of arms, ammunition, and money ; which resolution was no sooner known than uni versally applauded. — The better to succeed in the enterprize of relieving the Cevennois, who were also called Camisars, several French refugees were by land sent into France, to acquaint thera, both with the Queen's good intentions, and with the signals that the English ships would raake, that they might answer them by other signals, and concur in the en deavours that should be used towards their relief. The only person who had the good fortune either to penetrate into, or return from the Cevennes, was Mr. David Flotard, who was sent by the Marquis de Mireraont : the others were taken at the passage of Pont St. Esprit, and either broke alive upon the wheel, or raade galley-slaves." APPENDIX D. The Duke of Shrewsbury to Mr. Hill. Rorae, 2nd February, 1704. Sir, The last week, as soon as I heard frora Sir Lambert Blackwell that you were arrived at Turin, I took the liberty to trouble you with a letter in his cover. Yesterday I received the favour of yours of the 16th January, frora Consul Kirk, and return these ray raost real thanks by the same channel. Since you have had the kindness to remeraber an old friend so readily, I hope you will continue the favour soraetiraes ; and as for the conveyance of letters, the difficulty lying chiefly between Turin and Genoa, you will be able best to judge what is the safest method ; either in Consul Kirk, or Sir L. Blackwell's cover they will be sent to me ; or, if the Eraperor's minister at Turin has correspondence with his ambassador here, they may corae in his cover, Corate Laraberg having al ready offered me that favour, or to convey raine to you. This town is filled with the expectation of some very great person who is to arrive, and for whom vast equipages and pre parations are making : raost conclude it to be the Queen Dow ager of Spain, and the rather because the minister of Parma has advised with builders for the setting up stables for a vast number of horses, near one of that Duke's Palaces in this city • and he, (you know), married a sister ofthe Queen of Spain's! But I need enlarge no further ; for, if this be so, I suppose you may know it better than we, who only guess. Having nothing further to trouble you with, except to re- 734 DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. peat ray thanks for your so kind reraerabrance, I will conclude with assuring you that as I have always been frora our first acquaintance, so I always will be. Sir, Your raost faithful hurable servant, [To Mr, Hill.] Shrewsbury. Rorae, 16th February, 1704. Sir, This morning I have the favour of yours of the 6th ; and since mine, by the way of Florence, found the way to you so soon, I shall enclose this in Sir L. Blackwell's cover, de siring you will let rae know which way you think raost safe, and expeditious, by the way of Genoa, or Florence. I am apt to believe both are alike. Little doubt can be raade but the King of France is highly exasperated against the Duke of Savoy, and that it would gra tify his vanity and his revenge to mortify his Royal Highness this campaign : on the other side he is too wise to prefer the satisfying those passions to his real interest ; so that at last I conclude he will act as he shalljudge most advantageous to his own affairs, without those angry considerations which his first passionate thoughts raight suggest. By the character the Duke of Savoy has always had, no doubt can be raade but he will do what is possible for a Prince in his circumstances. What he has of his own, and what he is promised frora England and Holland, he raay depend on ; but I rauch question whether he can have the sarae reliance on what is said at Vienna. The want of raoney in those parts is sharaeful, as well as the dissension, to say no worse, araong those rainisters. I was told here the circumstance his Royal Highness is in with relation to his treaty with the Emperor, but could not believe it till now that I have it from so sure hands. The Duke of Savoy was basely used by that officer to whom he entrusted his letter to the Elector of Bavaria ; but I doubt the success that Prince has had, and his knowledge of the Court of Vienna, will not as yet dispose him to hearken to such proposals, though in the end it will probably be worse for him ; for if the house of Austria succeed in the present pretensions, he will be exposed to their just resentraent; if that of Bourbon raaintain the greatness they aira at, he raay be an ally for a- while ; but he and all Europe raust be slaves in the conclusion. Great raatters have been expected from the Venetians, and those hopes I hear are now again renewed. My opinion at first was, and is still, that they are not hearty, but are willing to have a treaty, a sort to conclude, or no, as they shall see the affairs in Spain succeed. DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. 735 The Duke of Modena arrived here some days since. Most people say his business is to entreat the Pope's mediation in his present ill circurastances. What the truth is, I know not; for truth is what one never finds in this town ; and it is won derful at one and the sarae tirae to see such a disposition to lie, and such a facility to believe, as is in this people. They are ac customed to a blind faith in the spiritual, and they practise it in their temporal affairs. It is some raonths that a report has been raised that sorae very great person was to come to Rome ; and people of late generally inclined to believe it might be the Queen-Dowager of Spain. Now they say this is only a cheat of one who pretended to be a Maitre d' Hotel to this family, and has received bribes frora several tradesraen to be eraploy ed. It is certain this went so far that the Duke of Parraa's minister was treated with about the Palace Farnese, and the man who treated was yesterday made prisoner, which gives occasion to believe the Pope has discovered the cheat. But whether it be so, or no, I dare not positively affirm, and will detain you no longer than to assure you that I am, Sir, Your most faithful and hurable servant. To Mr. Hill. Shrewsbury. Rome, 29th March, 1704. Sir, I am rauch obliged to you for the favour of yours of the 19th, and the long letter you sent rae transcribed. It is extreme curious ; and if any part of it be true, it shews that the Prince who writ it is but too well informed of what passes in the Courts of his neighbours. I believe the disputes between this Court and that of Savoy, and the threats [that] have been given out here, are of an ancienter date than that letter. I ara not hard to believe his Holiness is in the wrong in his pretensions. If you or I were to judge any of his deraands of that kind, I imagine we should seldom think him in the right. The worst of it is, having been in the wrong for above 1000 years, amounts almost to the same as being in the right. I presurae his Royal Highness has a genius easily to penetrate the fallacy of these ancient encroachraents ; but the situation of his country raakes it hazardous for hira to raake use of his good sense. I hope little doubt can be made but his Catholic Majesty is arrived at Lisbon, where I wish hira all the success we can propose. The French have had long notice and tirae to pre pare against hira, and if they have not raade it useful to them, the disposition in Spain must be very general and strong in our new King's favour. 736 DUJ£E OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. Upon Lady-day the Pope, after riding with the Cardinals, Prelates, and Nobility in the usual cavalcade, performed the cereraony of professing his brother's daughter a nun : at which her father and raother are rauch concerned, thinking she raight have been disposed of better in the world, and gained an al liance to their faraily which raight have been useful and ho nourable in future tiraes. I ara sorry to hear our difference with the great Duke runs so high, since I should judge an absolute breach would be prejudicial to both nations ; and it seeras to be a raatter of a nature which might be accomraodated. But I conclude our rainisters have their reasons for pushing it so far. Concerning the Ve[netians,] you have raore than once had ray opinion. Arabassadors and good words they will send you as rauch as you please, for neither cost them ranch ; but to enter into a real engageraent I doubt you will find thera very unwiUing. I am. Sir, Your most faithful hurable servant, To Mr. Hill. Shrewsbury. Rorae, 12th April, 1704. Sir, Yesterday I received the favour of yours of the 26th March, and 2nd April : the first under cover frora Sir L. Black- well ; the second frora Consul Kirke. I hope I did not omit acknowledging the receipt of yours with the King of France's letter, which is a great rarity here, and in itself very curious. I was always wishing to see a good answer, but now much more earnestly, since what you hint. I do not conceive what is their raeaning at Vienna to delay concluding a treaty with his Royal Highness, frora which they raight expect so much benefit, and be, at the same time, so hasty to patch up one with the Venetians, by which (as I coraprehend) that Repub lic have gained their point, and the Emperor has little or no advantage. But I am so little inforraed of this matter that I may easily mistake. If Nizza be now besieged, I doubt it is in great danger, if it have no relief to hope but from our fleet ; for, though it should come with more mischievous a mind than it did the last year, it can never arrive in these seas of some raonths, and if it have no port to winter in, you will see it will be forced to be returning home in few weeks after its arrival. This is ray opinion, though I keep it to rayself. The Prior Vahini, brother to the Prince of that name, is lately fallen into the Pope's displeasure upon the following occasion. He has been General of the Galleys at Malta, for these last two years, and having had some dispute with the In- DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. 737 quisitor, who is likewise Nuncio there, he purposely omitted visiting him when he left that Island, which has so incensed the Inquisition and the Pope, that he was ordered to leave Rome in six days, and to be at Malta in three raonths, to visit the Inquisitor. The Prior is already gone on this errand so far as Naples ; but the punishment seeming great for so small a neglect, his friends flatter themselves that his so ready obe dience may incline the Pope to forgive him before he proceed further on his journey. I give you thanks for the song, which one must confess is hu mourous, though it be against us. We are concerned to see letters of the 4th March from Lisbon, and of the 12th from Madrid, which say not one word of our King of Spain. I was not out of hopes that I should have heard no more of the illness of ray breast ; but it is not so well as I thought. However, I have had that benefit, by this warra cliraate, that every relapse has been less than the forraer ; and the bleeding has for these last two tiraes stopped of itself, without any astrin gent remedies, which it never would do in England. I fiatter myself this time it may do the same, though as yet I continue to bleed, but in a raanner that gives rae no great apprehension. I hear Madarae de Richlieu is upon her journey from Ve nice, and is expected here every hour. I ara raost truly, Sir, Your faithful and humble servant. To Mr. HiU. Shrewsbury. Rome, April 19th, 1704. Sir, Now we have the assurance of the King of Spain's ar rival at Lisbon, we grow irapatient to hear some good effect of his journey. I am glad to find, by yours ofthe 9th, that the French are not likely to besiege Nice, nor press his Royal Highness so much as was apprehended. Yesterday my Lord Huntingdon left this place in order to go to Leghorn and Genoa, and thence to Turin, where he designs to raake a considerable stay, if he does not alter his mind. He is a young man extreme studious, and of good parts. He is a hearty well wisher to our Government, though he was weary of the service, and quitted his regiment, I know not whether from any disgust, or the inconstancy of his own teraper. His own quality and merit will be recommendations so strong to your assistance at the Court of Turin, that I should not presume to ask it of you in my narae, but that by his comraands I proraised to do so. Whatever ray huraour was, ray breast is still the same, and 4x 738 DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. continues to bleed, but not violently; so that I hope it will not be long before it stop of itself. When I writ this day sevennight, the Mar. de Richlieu was already arrived, though I did not know it till I had sealed my letter. Her equipage is a valet de charabre, a raonkey, a lap-dog, a parrot, and a Mooress who served her raother, and is eight months gone with child. She is very inquisitive after our fleet, and whether it comes into these seas ; so that I fancy she met with some thing or things in it, she did not dislike. The Constable pretends the Spanish Ambassador will not con sent be should receive her into his house, since she came into Italy with the English fleet, and is so lately arrived from Vienna, where Prince Eugene (another of her cousins) would not permit her to stay long. Her relations shift her off their hands as we in England do vagabonds, sending them, from tithing to tithing. I am ever. Sir, Your raost faithful humble servant. To Mr: Hill. Shrewsbury. Rome, 10th May, 1704. Sir, I have the favour of yours of the 30th April, and con fess ray impatience to hear some good news from Spain one raay rely on. Reports we have enough here ; for no place in the world equals this for inventing false news and believing it. I hoped by this post we should have certainty of our fleets having passed the Straits : but the advices frora Leghorn say nothing of it, no more than your letter, who are likely to be the flrst advised. The fair Marquise is still here in charabre garnie, visited by no women, nor does the Constable take any notice of her. We have had some days of such moist thick English wea ther, that I cannot expect ray bleeding should cease. Upon the return ofthe sun, if it do not stop, I shall apply to ray old friend, Vitriol, that I carry always with rae. This place afford ing no news I will not trouble you, nor ray breast, further than to assure you that I am most faithfully, Sir, Your obedient humble servant, To Mr, Hill, Shrewsbury. Rome, 24th May, 1704. Sir, In answer to the favour of yours of the 13th, this is a coast so ill guarded, and not in itself difficult, that I make no DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. 739 question but Sir George Rooke might do raischief, but with so little good to hiraself, or prejudice to the French, that I should think it not worth the while to attempt [it,] at a time we are raaking our court to so bigot[ed] a nation as the Spa niards. But of this particular I do not pretend to judge, and ara very indifferent, provided I be first out of the way. It is certain that Sir Geo. Rooke sailed on the 20th March frora Lisbon ; but I conceive with an intention only to cruise, since he hoisted his flag upon a 70 gun-ship, and the letters of the 19tb, frora Leghorn, say, that a raerchantraan was ar rived, who, about 30 days before, saw hira with five other men- of-war off of Cape Finistere, and was informed we had two other squadrons cruising in those seas, one of eight, the other of ten frigates. I conclude it will not be thought advisable to venture hira into these parts till his fieet be stronger than that with which he convoyed the King of Spain to Portugal. I hear the Duke of Marlborough is to coraraand a separate array of 40,000, raost English, on the Moselle. I heartily wish hira good success ; but the French have one certain and great advantage, that their troops all depending on one head, they can unquestionably be stronger than their eneraies in any one place where they please ; and therefore I fear it will be hard to raake any considerable invasion into their country, that they will not presently be able to stop, by opposing a greater force. I was in hopes that, before this, we should have heard of sorae greater uproar in Spain than we have yet any advice of. Our Gazette brags of 13 raen deserted. If they do not corae in greater troops, it will be a tough task to drive the young French Gentleman home. I have had tirae to read no other of your prints, but that to the officers, which is well writ. I ara in pain for ray Lord Huntingdon, since I do not hear where he is. Soraetimes be has had thoughts of going towards Asia. I hope he has not put that project in execution. Here is a German, who pretends to have come frora England, your butler. I should be glad to know if you discharged him for any enormous fault : if not, I, having nobody who speaks high, or low Dutch, might perhaps carry him to England with me, for the use of his tongue. I ara. Sir, Your most faithful and hurable servant. To Mr, Hill. Shrewsbury. Rorae, 31st May, 1704. Sir, By the favour of yours of the 21st, which I received 4x2 r40 DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. yesterday, I find it confirmed that Sir G. Rooke had taken 4 of the galleons designed for the Indies. It had been better he had had the good luck to have met with those which were coraing horae, and that, I hear, are got safe to Cadiz. I sup pose the 2 frigates, arrived at Villa-Franca, are come with some advices, or upon some iraportant service. If they stir out of Port before our squadron coraes to scour these seas, they will run a great hazard to be taken. By the news the Spaniards give out here, one would rather believe K. Philip were gone to Lisbon than Madrid, they give out his success so great upon entering the frontiers of Portu gal and taking Salvatierra, and three or four other places. They tell us also tbe Corate de Thoulouse with a good squadron and body of troops is gone for Scotland, which I hope will not prove so easy a raatter to effect there, as it is to report here ; and we raust be in a perfect lethargy in England if we permit such a fire to be kindled in our own house : therefore I will not believe that can be true. I perceive the French are at tempting to pass their troops into Germany, to join the Elector of Bavaria, I wish that do not succeed. Those raotions of the eneray is the reason I presurae our English letters are not corae on. For my part I have none this last post from England, but saw one frora Whitehall, of the 21st April, O. S., which carae by the way of Vienna, and raentions great changes at our Court ; that her Majesty had reraoved the Charaberlain and Coraptroller of her Household, and that ray Lord Notting- hara had attended her Majesty with a desire to lay down the Seals ; but that the Queen would not then accept thera, giving hira more tirae to consider. These are things so usual in an English Court, that I wonder raore when changes are not raade than when they are. I am glad ray Lord Huntingdon is safely arrived at Turin, and you will oblige me in presenting him ray hurable service. We have been told a long while of great raatters the Swiss would do in favour of his Royal Highness ; and it is certain it were absolutely in their power to turn the balance of this war; but I do not find they seein resolved enough to do so good a work. I am. Sir, Your most faithful and humble servant. To Mr, Hill, Shrewsbury. Rome, 7th June, 1704. Sir, Though I have no letter from you this post, yet I cannot forbear troubling you, to tell you my pain, that we yet hear no duke of SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. 741 good news from Portugal. It seems to me an ill sign ; for what is to be done there must be soon, and at a blow ; not inch by inch. The French are so secret and successful in their projects, that I ara in no small concern to know what is the design the Comte de Thoulouse is gone about, and what fortune he has had. We are yet in great uncertainty here, whether the M. Tal lard has joined the Elector of Bavaria : some say he has, and others that he has been repulsed with considerable loss. In this country, where everybody is bred up to a facility of be lieving, they give credit to reports, guided by inclination, not reason. I, who cannot bring myself to so submissive a faith as is in fashion at Rome, often believe what I do not wish, but fear, and too often find rayself in the right. I shall be glad to find myself raistaken now that I doubt it is but too true that they are united, and if so, I take it to be very bad news. The treaty with the raalecontents of Languedoc is very sud den and surprising, and will be of no good consequence for his Royal Highness's affairs in Savoy, leaving a considerable body of troops free to act, who were before sufficiently era ployed. I doubt those poor wretches have but too rauch to say in their excuse, having been little, or not at all, assisted in the great distress they have been in. In short, by what I have yet heard, this carapaign begins ill. I heartily wish it may end better. I ara, Sir, Your raost faithful humble servant. To Mr, Hill, Shrewsbury. Rome, June the 14th, 1704. Sir, I have this post the favour of two of yours : that of the 28th May which ought to have corae last week, and another of the 4th June. I do not believe there is in the world a peo ple who flatter theraselves so easily as the Germans, and there fore are so often disappointed. I always concluded it was upon their wild projects that our fleet came the last suraraer into these seas. I wish they have not this year sent a young Prince of their own a raore unsuccessful voyage. A little tirae I hope will shew ray doubt ill grounded. If it be true that Sir G. Rooke has brought the P[rince] of Darrastadt with some troops to Barcelona, we shall soon see what flarae he can kindle in those parts supposed the best affected to the House of Austria. The French have reported Verceil already besieged. I should think it a difficult enterprise, and hope 742 DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. they might fail if they undertook it, a thing I confess they do but too seldom. They have joined the Elector of Bavaria with all tbe ease iraaginable. I hear P. Lewis proraises to re duce his Electoral Highness this carapaign. When he has done it I shall give him credit, and thanks too : but in the raean tirae I believe you and I think the sarae thing. I ara sorry our friends in Languedoc were so over hasty in their accoraraodation. We have a report that they have taken up arms again. I wish it [may] prove true. I desire you will acquaint ray Lord Huntingdon I imme diately sent his letter to Lord Cardigan, who, if he be not punctual in his answer, ray Lord will consider hira a young man who has many things to do better than writing. I have this rainute seen ray Lord Huntingdon's letter to ray Lord Cardigan, which engages rae to send the enclosed, and at the same tirae acquaint you that he expresses hiraself so in finitely satisfied with your civility that nothing can be more [so], and so pleased with the entertainraents at Turin, that he earnestly invites ray Lord Cardigan and his brother to come, which I incline to think they raay do. If they should, I hope you will join with my Lord Huntingdon to talk to thera sorae tiraes in raillery, rather than seriously, on a point my Lord Huntingdon will mention to you, and is not so proper to ex plain in this letter. I am not without hopes that it may suc ceed for their advantage, and to make them good Englishmen. My bleeding has stopped for two or three days ; but an op pression I have upon ray breast raakes rae fear it raay return. I am ever most truly, Sir, Your faithful humble servant. To Mr, Hill. Shrewsbury. Rorae, 16th August, 1704. Sir. I have been in a course of waters for sorae tirae. At first they did not agree with rae ; though at the same time I had symptoras of wanting them much to refresh me. Since, I have changed the method of taking thera, and they do better with me. This was the reason I did not write the last week, when I had a letter from Mr. Chetwynd of the 30th July, and ara now to return you thanks for yours of the 6th August. I raake no doubt the Duke of Marlborough will do what is possible in Bavaria ; but, having friends and eneraies not easy to deal with, his case is raost difficult, and I earnestly wish he may end that matter according to expectation. An accom modation was what I above all things hoped for, as what would DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. 743 have saved blood and time, the last being infinitely precious in regard to the state of the Court where you are. According to advices frora the Mediterranean it is likely we raay soon hear of action, if the French be gone out with so considerable a fieet as is reported, and Sir G. Rooke rein forced by Sir Cloudesiey Shovel be coraing this way. If they do raeet pray God send us good success ; for a blow at sea in this part of the world raight be of very bad consequence. I am obliged to my Lord Treasurer for his so kindly re membering me. I have troubled him this post with a letter. It is long that I have known the raerit both of that Lord, and of the other who is now so glorious on the Danube, and had ray advice prevailed, raore use had been raade of them raany years ago ; but we have such parties and jealousies in our small kingdom, that they would tire the patience of a Job. The Dutch army in Flanders make such vast preparations, that it is presumed some very considerable enterprise is in tended ; but, between you and rae, we, who know sorae of the beads, may be allowed to suspect the raountain will bring forth a raouse. I wish it raay be otherwise. All letters by the way of Holland confirra the advantage the Portuguese have had in Spain. If that would encourage sorae of Charles the third's friends to appear, soraething raight be done ; but otherwise, I despair that Portugal will be in a con dition to conquer Spain, the French lying far raore convenient to send succours to the one than we to the other. I ara just now told that the JvTuncio at Paris writes by a courier, the letters being not ten days old, that the French Admiral has positive orders to fight our fleet. I doubt the truth of his intelligence, but am certain he has writ to this effect. I am. Sir, Your most faithful and hurable servant. To Mr. Hill. Shrewsbury. Rome, 23rd August, 1704. Sir, I have the favour of yours of the 13th. I confess the delays on the Danube give rae the spleen raore than ever, and confirra rae in what I at first feared, that the Duke of Marlborough would find more difficulty with his friends than his enemies. The vigour he shewed at the first has so well established his reputation, that nobody gives him any share of this late misraanageraent. I know not whether there be any, but must own the change is so great, in my notion of af fairs, that since the declaration of the war, I had never such 744 DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. hopes of a good issue as a raonth ago, and never less than now. All well wishers to the Eraperor here cry out sharae and foul play : but I hear of no raethods used to reraedy it raore than that they discourse of sending the King of the Roraans to the carap. But let them send whom they will, the opportunities lost in this last raonth, to ray ignorance, seem such as are ne ver again to be retrieved. Ifthe Duke of Savoy had as powerful friends in the Court of France, as the world says the Elector of Bavaria has, you will guess where, I should hope he might gain as rauch bene fit by a sham treaty, as we hear the other did in his straits ; but I doubt those your Duke has to deal with will not be so easily amused. I ara raost confident that the Emperor prays very fervently for him, and gives him a noble occasion of shew ing the utraost of his virtue and constancy. If these can sup port him till the Prince of Baden has made an end ofthe war in Bavaria, he will give a notable proof of his steadiness and faithfulness to his friends. I confess I ara in no sraall concern for our fieet ; though, at the sarae tirae, I think the French will hardly engage them ; but if they should, we have so much raore to lose by a bat tle in these parts than we can gain, and a part of our ships have been abroad so long, and must be in so ill a condition, that I cannot be secure of the success, nor be quite at ease upon that subject. Methinks we have many sore places, and but few sound ones, and so I conclude. Sir, Your raost faithful and hurable servant. To Mr. Hill, Shrewsbury. Rome, 30th August, 1704. Sir, I have omitted writing to you, or to Mr. Chetwynd, only one post, which was the 9th of this month, having then taken some waters. On the 2nd I writ to him, and the 16th, and 23rd, to you. I perceive by yours of the 20th, that you had the good news of our great and glorious victory on the Danube, which seeras to fiatter us with very favourable con sequences. I hope in England they will be as well satisfied with the Duke of Marlborough's conduct, as the rest of the world is. He seeras this year to have hit the genius of our nation, and given us good store of fighting, and crowned with success. I hope the posture of affairs in Gerraany will allow thera to raake a large detachraent for Italy, and renew the war here again. In Flanders we seem to run about with a great superiority to little purpose. We might do soraething there, if we knew what we would be at. DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. 745 When 1 writ this day sevennight I was overrun with the spleen. Now, God be thanked, matters are well mended ; and if our fieet could retrieve the glory of the English arras at sea, as our army has done at land, I think we should soon have a happy Peace. The Genoa letters tell us they have taken Gibraltar, and sorae add that we are in treaty with the Moors to take Ceuta to be more absolute masters of those straits. At the same time we are told the French, with 50 raen-of-war, and 24 galleys, are off of Majorca with a resolution to fight. If so a battle I take to be raost certain, and hope with good success. This week Prince Pelestrine raade two faraous serenades, upon occasion ofthe Duke of Brittany's birth, one on St Lewis's eve before the Spanish Ambassador's Palace ; the other on St. Lewis's day before Cardinal Janssen's. The music was car ried in three rich coaches like triumphant chariots, each car rying about twenty persons. The Prince (after the Roman fashion) drove one himself, and the other two had two Roman gentlemen for coachmen, the three postilions being also gen tlemen. They were lighted by about forty flarabeaux, and as raany footmen with rich liveries ; each of thera, as well as ofthe musicians, having a white feather in his hat like the grand Mon arch. Almost all Rome was at this shew, which was very fine, but had so rauch the air pf a funeral, that it put everybody in mind of old Cardinal Barberin, his uncle, who lies half dead and speechless expecting every day should be his last. God send us good news from sea : that at present lies at ray heart. I am. Sir, Your most faithful humble servant. To Mr, Hill, Shrewsbury. I have given Lord Huntingdon's letter to Lord Cardigan. Rome, 6th Septeraber, 1704. Sir, Nothing can be raore glorious for our nation and Ge neral than what has happened on the Danube, and I make no doubt but the consequences will shew us the profit. For ray own part I expect it will have great influence on the affairs in Spain. There is little doubt but it will re-establish mat ters in Germany, and I hope in Italy. I ara only in pain what is to become of our troops this winter, and where they are to have their quarters. The Spanish letters tell us our fieet has taken Gibraltar. I should think it -harder to keep than to take ; unless the Spa niards be so well diverted elsewhere as not to be able to send 4y 746 DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. a force to retake it. We shall see what they will next under take. Tbe season will soon be far advanced to do anything in the ocean, and I doubt there is not rauch to be done in these seas. The Duke of Marlborough shews great modesty to decline the honours the Emperor has offered bira. Every tirae I think how happy and how great he is, I reflect with pas sionate concern on the loss he had in so fine a son, and to have now no issue raale left to inherit the greatness, riches, and glory he raust one day leave behind hira. The waters agree well with rae in the raanner I now take thera ; and I hope it will not be long before I shall be thinking upon ray return for England, being, in all places, raost sincerely. Sir, Your faithful and hurable servant. To Mr, Hill. Shrewsbury. Rorae, 13th September, 1704. Sir, I am extremely thankful for yours of the third, and par ticularly for Lieut-General Luraley's letter, which is by much the most masterly account I have yet seen of the late action, and handsomely reproaches the Fren'ch, the not having profit ed of those advantages they raight have taken upon our mo tions before we could form a line of battle. It is plain our troops have fought as if they would once again conquer France. At present it will be sufficient if they can reduce the Grand Monarch not to conquer others, and give everybody what is their due. All relations agree we have lost raany soldiers and officers ; but yet I could never hear one person naraed, which leaves one in pain for everybody. No doubt can be raade but our Generals will do their utraost to drive the eneray on the other side the Rhine ; in the doing of which it is probable a- nother engageraent may happen. I hope all will end so well that Prince Eugene will be as good as his word, and make baste into Italy, for you seem to stand in need of his speedy assistance. The news of our fleet is so confused, and often false, that I know not what to believe. We have now a report of a great victory they have had ; but the original author being a Friar, I much fear it is not orthodox. If a Frater should this once in his whole life speak truth, it would be a glorious year for England. God send he may ! What you have discovered by the letters intercepted between the Grand Prior and the Duke of VendSrae, has long been be lieved : however, it is of use to know the certainty, and that DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. 747 the Emperor may see who are his friends. I am of opinion the Venetians will not easily be persuaded to burn their fingers at this time, though they give good words on both sides. I am. Sir, Your faithful and humble servant. To Mr, Hill, Shrewsbury. Rome, 20th September, 1704. Sir, I am favoured with yours of the 10th, and must confess the war in Bavaria has gone beyond expectation well, and has gained the Duke of Marlborough such a reputation as truly rejoices rae who have always loved hira, and esteemed him, even when it was a crime to own it, as I ever did. The French give out such terrible news from sea, as I can not believe, but confess, in the doubt, ray beart aches till the contrary be known. God defend us from such a blow as they report. Upon the occasion of the arrival of a courier with this news, there happened yesterday morning, that the Abbe Villeneuve, a certain French gamester here, gave before his door great store of bread and money to the rabble, and, having well fed and paid them, began from his window to cry out. Viva il Re di Francia, and the mob very civilly replied, Viva I'lra- peradore. It is certain this people have a wonderful love for that Prince, if he would give them a good occasion to shew it. I should be glad ray Lord Huntingdon would enter again into the service. I shall send his letter to night after my Lord Cardigan, who went the beginning of this week for Venice and Vienna. Mr. Luraley's letter was sent from Turin hither by divers persons, as well as what you sent me, and has met with such general applause for the exactness and modesty of the account, that everybody refers to that letter, as the standard of truth. I am. Sir, Your most faitliful and humble servant. To Mr, HUl. Shrewsbury. Rome, 4th October, 1704. Sir, I have the favour of yours of the 24th September, and am in the same painful uncertainty about the success of our sea-fight that you are. The enemy say we were 18 ships more than they ; but that they have forced us to retire, which, if true, will be little to our honour. At the same time they confess 748 DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. to have lost many officers and common men, but no ship, though they have sunk two of ours. Their relation is so con fused, and I see thera so little rejoiced with this pretended vic tory, that I am confident when the news from England or Hol land arrives, we shall find the advantage has been on our side. A few days will clear this doubt. I think it is plain great mis chief has been done on neither side. I confess rayself in pain to see that succours corae so slow to, the Duke of Savoy. He deserves raore consideration from the Court of Vienna ; since it is owing to him that the war now subsists in Italy. The Duke of Marlborough continues successful and glo rious. Whilst by land our arras gain such reputation, I hope they will not forfeit it at sea. I ara. Sir, Your raost faithful and hurable servant. To Mr. Hill. Shrewsbury. Rorae, 11th October, 1704. Sir, I give you raany thanks for yours ofthe 1st ; and though I incline to believe we have had the better in the late sea- fight, yet one thing a little startles rae, if it be as the eneraies confidently report, that we have abandoned the Mediterranean. I know the time of the year, and want of provisions, may be good and just causes for such a retreat ; but the time is a lit tle unlucky, and has no good air for the reputation of the fleet of England and Holland . But I suspend censuring till I know raore. My concern for the Duke of Savoy is such that I can hardly express how sorry I ara, to see him, and the war in Italy, so rauch neglected. I know not enough of the secret of affairs to see where the fault lies, but ara confident, if the French can once raake an end of the war on this side the Alps, we shall soon be sensible of the ill consequence of it, in the other parts where we make war. Cardinal Charles Barberin is now in his agony, and it is con cluded will be dead before the post goes. I am. Sir, Your raost faithful and humble servant. To Mr. Hill. Shrewsbury. Rorae, 1st Noveraber, 1704. Sir, This post having brought no letter frora you, and this DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. 749 holy lying city affording no news, I shall have little to trouble you with, unless it be to put you in raind of an humble servant. Sir L. Blackwell writ me word be had a letter frora Prince Eugene of the 26th September, which says, that as soon as Landau was taken he designs for Italy. I hope this is true, and conclude it will be welcome news at your Court, and so I reraain, Sir, Your raost faithful and hurable servant. To Mr. Hill. Shrewsbury. Rorae, 8th Noveraber, 1704. Sir, I ara favoured with yours of the 29th October, and agree the taking, or not taking, Gibraltar is a good raark where the advantage has been of the late sea-fight. It seems to me that the siege of Landau goes on slowly, and I have seen letters frora our camp as though the Germans were not very well skilled in raaking of approaches, and would not be advised by those who know raore than they. I ara in pain till it be ended, and till I see you well succoured in Pied raont. The interest and honour of the whole alliance is nearly concerned to see that effectually done. Here is a French book makes a great noise, and is translated into Italian, pretends to come from an English M.S., and is entitled, England's true interest mistaken. It is grounded on many false arguments, and facts raistaken or raisrepresented. It endeavours to prove the present war we are engaged in, unreasonable, unnecessary, and ruinous to the nation. I can not see the use of publishing such a Libel here ; for if the Pope and all his Cardinals should be so persuaded, it will signify not rauch, whilst her Majesty and her Parliament know that we are ruined if Peace be made till France be reduced, which I hope it is now in a fair way of being. I ara. Sir, Your raost faithful and hurable servant. To Mr. HiU. Shrewsbury. Rorae, 22nd Noveraber, 1704- Sir, I have, in all tiraes, and upon all occasions, been so rauch a friend to Sir G. Rooke, that I am extreme glad he has been well received by her Majesty, who can better judge of his service than the vulgar, who forra their opinion rather by success than reason ; and if the late battle has not answered 750 duke of SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. expectation, I was always sure Sir George would behave himself in a raanner to let no part of the fault lie upon him. By your enclosed newspaper I am sorry to see his Royal Highness is obliged to play at so deep a game, every time the enemy have a raind [to] attack hira. I hope when Landau is taken, now the affairs of Bavaria seem settled, that the Em peror will send iraraediate succours, and happy it is, if they come in tirae. I ara glad that in the Duke of Savoy's straits he has no reason to complain of her Majesty. If the rest of the allies had such a General, and such a Treasurer, as she has, we should see France reduced. I have now, whilst I ara writing, a visit frora 43 Dutch sea men, taken at Naples, and desirous to go to Leghorn. They have been with Comte Laraberg who, a la raode de Vienna, has given them a pass, but no money, so that I ara forced to give thera raoney for their journey, which I will do rather than let the poor creatures starve, or fall into the hands of the con verters, who too often prevail with the necessitous. The general discourse is, that the Pope will raake a promo tion of Cardinals before Christmas, though some very under standing raen very much doubt it. I am. Sir, Your raost faithful and humble servant. To Mr. Hill. Shrewsbury. Rome 29th Noveraber, 1704. Sir, I never doubted but you would have promises from the Court of Vienna ; but if Landau be taken, and the agreement in Bavaria certain, I should hope they would be in a condition to perforra, which their interest, as well as their honour, obliges thera to as soon as they are able. If the news we have frora Leghorn be true, that a squadron ofher Majesty's ships have gone into the port of Gibraltar and destroyed eight French raen-of-war, who lay there to besiege the town by sea, such an advantage will be worth a victory, and come in good tirae to Westrainster, to soften any angry en quiries [which] raay be raade relating to the late battle ; for let a raan be never so innocent, and able to justify his conduct, if others be like rae, they will always find an enquiry an un easy thing. In sorae points one is too tender to endure to be suspected upon ; for who would not be asharaed in a public corapany to be suspected and searched for picking his neigh bour's pocket, though he had not done it, and were sure the stolen goods would not be found upon hira ? This has always been my notion of an enquiry : so that being upon all accounts unfit for a rainister anywhere, I ara the raore so, for this rea- DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. 751 son, in our country. Pardon this digression upon a subject far frora the purpose ; but [it] coraes in ray raind always when I hear any of my friends are like to have a Parliament-enquiry upon them, and occurred now to me upon account of Sir G. Rooke, whora I always have, and do love, and esteera, as I hope he knows ; for I ara sure I have never oraitted any oc casion of shewing it. I have been so well this suraraer and autumn, that I hope I shall be able to continue my resolution of returning home this spring, and convince those who report I am turned Pa pist, that they have too good an opinion of that religion, if they think the nearer one sees it, the better one likes it. The enclosed verses were sent rae frora England, and being just sitting down to dinner with sorae of our English shall drink our General's health raost heartily. I ara sorry you lie in so difficult a corner, that I have little hopes of seeing you before I leave these parts, but desire you will believe rae al ways most faithfully, Sir, Your obedient hurable servant. To Mr. Hill. Shrewsbury. Rorae, 13th Deceraber, 1704. Sir, I was in the right in what I writ this day sevennight concerning the old date of yours I then received. It was of the 12th November ; and that I answered this day fortnight was of the 19th. I cannot tell were it had lain by the way. I have now yours of the 3rd December, which gives comfortable hopes as to the success at Verrue. It will be glorious for his Royal Highness if he can weather out this carapaign, assisted with nothing but his own virtue, and attacked by so powerful an eneray. I hope the allies will not put him to so severe a trial another year. They have published here a raeraorial presented to the Eraperor by the Corate de Prie ; it coraplains, in terras very harsh, of the Court of Vienna; and what I raore wonder at, and makes rae suspect it for a false paper, is that it uses us and Holland under the name of the Potenze Maritime, not with so rauch regard as we seera to deserve, saying, that we in this war having no concern so powerful as self interest, and the preservation of trade, it cannot be expected we should have ranch zeal for the establishing the greatness of the House of Austria, and, having it possibly in our view to conclude this war with sorae treaty like that of the partition, have sraall regard for the war of Italy. The raeraorial I think is pretend ed to be dated in September, and in it are many things so im proper that I can hardly believe it to be of that minister. 752 DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. I have received the letter you sent by Mr. Tuffnaile, and seen the three Gentleraen lately arrived. I will do them what service I can here, and particularly to the bearer, upon account of his relation to yourself; but this a town so very dull, that I fear it will not be in my power to contribute rauch to their di version. I could introduce thera into sorae few conversations or asserablies, but not without danger of play in case they be inclined to it ; so that I ara afraid sometimes of doing them a prejudice, instead of a civility ; for if they play too much, they are in danger of losing their raoney : if they play not at all, they grow tired of the corapany, as ray L. Huntingdon was : and the Ladies of Rorae are so stiff and forraal, that little good breed ing is to be learnt amongst them, the true character of this city being, superstition and bigotry, without devotion ; formality and cereraony, without breeding. I ara. Sir, Your raost faithful and hurable servant, To Mr, Hill. Shrewsbury. A proraotion of Cardinals is still rauch talked of against Christmas, though many the most clear sighted do not entirely believe it. Rome, 20th December, 1704. Sir, I have the favour of yours of the 10th, and as the pas sion and partiality of parties generally put both in the wrong, so it has happened now, as well to those who would censure our friend. Sir George's conduct, as to those who would equal his victory to that at Hochsteten. I see no pretence for one, or tbe other. In short, England is an excellent country for all to live in, except a few, whose fate or arabition hurries them into public eraployraents : and it is not only of late that it has been so, since T reraeraber to have seen a letter frora ray Lord Burleigh, who was Secretary, and after. Treasurer, in Queen Elizabeth's tirae, to his eldest son, dissuading him, for these and other reasons, frora ever engaging in the rainistry. It seeras he was not of the sarae tirae ; for his younger son, since he brought hira into court, and succeeded his father in the two foreraentioned offices, raade hiraself Earl of Salisbury, and his elder brother Earl of Exeter. I hear the Duke of Marlborough has obtained frora the King of Prussia 8000 men for your succour in Piedmont, which, joined with what else is intended you, will, I hope, prove ef fectual, if you can have a little more patience to expect thera. I shall be glad of any occasion of raeeting you, whether it DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. 753 be before I leave Italy, or after. I believe, I guess where, and upon what occasion. Mr. Robinson, since his arrival here, is fallen ill of the small pox ; I hope without danger, though he is worse to day than he has yet been. I am. Sir, Your most faithful humble servant. To Mr. Hill. Shrewsbury. Rome, 14th March, 1705. Sir, I ara truly concerned to find by yours of the 4th, that Verrue is in so agonizing a condition, and ara now more than ever impatient till I hear the Gerraans are in raotion to relieve you. Since ray letter of the 6th Dec. is come to your hands, after so long a delay, it is not impossible but the other, where I enclosed the M. de Prie's raeraorial, raay arrive at last. How ever, I am endeavouring to get another copy against this day sevennight ; but the Gentleman I had raine from being out of Rorae, I cannot be sure. I took only two copies : one I sent you, and the other, Mr. Stepney, leaving none for rayself. When I raade application about the Jesuit, I was well persuad ed it was against that body of raen that I acted rather than for thera; else I ishould not have been prevailed with to write to you as I did ; for I know that young raan, had he found pro tection, had it in his will, and a good deal in his power, to have exposed that Order. However, the matter now is over : he has left thera, and retired to his own friends in the country. One of the chief Jesuits here, a zealous Austrian, but a raore zealous Jesuit, persuaded Corate Laraberg to desist from mov ing in this young man's favour, startling his conscience, that it was a sin to contribute in any kind to encourage this young raan to quit their raost holy company, but more I believe his politics, lest the Jesuits, oranipotent at Vienna, raight resent and revenge the affront : in short, by the project's failing we have lost a very pretty paraphlet upon a subject [which] would not have displeased in England and Holland ; and the Gerraans have given one raore proof that they are little concerned to stand by those who suffer for their sakes ; a raaxira, in my mind, as little politic as honourable. The Queen of Poland has before this raet her daughter at Venice. We raay soon see [what] this interview will produce. Most believe the Electrice returns no raore to Bavaria, but goes to the Elector in Flanders. Though ray bleeding is not yet quite stopped, yet it de- 4z 754 DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. creases considerably ; and I hope in a fortnight to begin my journey towards Venice. I am, in all places, and ever. Sir, Your most faithful hurable servant. To Mr. Hill, Shrewsbury. I forgot in my last to tell you I have seen Sig. Gubernatis, and wish I knew how to be serviceable to him. Venice, 20th June, 1705. Sir, The favour of yours of the 7th finds me still here ; but as ray bleeding decreases so I hope in about a week's time to be in a condition to prosecute my journey, though with so ma ny ugly symptoras for ray lungs that they would be too tedious to repeat. I shall raove very slowly, and rest soraetirae at Augsburg, Nureraburg, and Francfort, so that if you direct to Mr. Consul, or Mr. Williaras there, they will know how to send your letters to overtake rae ; or if you have any straighter and shorter way to write to those parts, at Augsburg, ray raerchants are the heirs of John Santernell, and at Nureraburg, Mr. Jaraes Geiger : a letter for rae enclosed to thera will corae safe to me. At Francfort, Mr. Davenant has offered rae the sarae civility. I hope P. Eugene will soon be in so good a condition to make a diversion in these parts, that you will have nothing to fear in yours. Sir Lambert Blackwell writes to me from Trent on the 15th, that 4000 men that week had passed by to join the Gerraan carap, 2000 of which he hiraself had seen, and they were ofthe Palatine troops. I am a little surprised to hear the French are so brisk in Flanders as to begin with the siege of Huy, and threaten Liege. I hope 'ere long the Duke of Marlborough will make thera pay for their rashness. I have heard no raore of any of the Venetians raore than that Maenigo, brother to the present Arabassador in England, and Cornaro, the designed Arabassador thither, have spoken to the Consul as though they designed rae a visit ; but as I pass the greatest part of the week at Padua, or soraewhere in the country out of this abominable air, they know not when to find me, nor do not rauch care; in which we are heartily a- greed ; for unless there appeared such a disposition as one might do service, I ara not very fond of their ceremonious conversation. I know nor hear no news from these arraies, but what I have from eur Consul : so, if it be worth the troubling you DUKE OF SHREWSBURY TO MR. HILL. 755 with, I conclude he will write to you himself, and I profess myself with great sincerity. Sir, Your raost faithful and humble servant. To Mr. Hill. Shrewsbury. Augsburg, 17th July, 1705. Sir, The favour of yours of the 29th June, arrived here yes terday, much about the sarae time with your humble servant. I have had a tedious journey of eleven days frora Venice, being willing to try if that softly pace would agree better with rae than the violenter motion ofthe post, to which some attributed ray relapse at Venice ; but it has proved all one ; for as soon as I carae into the mists and cold air ofthe Tyrol mountains, I began to bleed, and will stay here some days to patch up a crazy corps I am so weary of, that I hardly think it worth the while any more to mend. But to pass to something more material. What usage has the Duke of Marlborough met with upon the Moselle ! If I were sure this would come to your hands I would say more than I shall write. However, I will send you what Mr. Davenant enclosed to me frora Francfort, which I suppose are the reasons sent him from one of the Duke of Marlborough's Secretaries. I will also direct Consul Broughton to send you a paper of a fresher date, after he has seen it at Venice ; [it] comes frora the same hand. The defence his Royal Highness makes with a handful of men deserves a better support than he has yet found ; but I hope you will soon find relief by P. Eugene's motions. I conclude all his troops are joined hira. Upon the road I came, I saw about 300 or 400 near Trent. Else all the way was clear of troops. At Trent they had left about 20 brass cannon, and some mortars, which the artillery men there at work told me they were getting in order to march with all speed. I perceive our old friend. Sir G. Rooke, is left out in the renewing the commission for the Prince's Council. I had, and have, a real esteem for his merit. I wish he [may] have made himself easy in his fortune ; and, perhaps, he will be happier out of employment than ever he was in it. You will excuse a maimed breast that came hither yester day at noon, writ all that afternoon for England, and this morning for Italy, aud is now tired, though what is in it is truly yours as being part of. Sir, Your faithful humble servant. To Mr. Hill. Shrewsbury. 4z2 APPENDIX E. Treaty between Great Britain, and the States-General, and the Duke of Savoy, Hague, 2Qth October, 1690,' re ferred to pages 388 and 389. Comme Son Altesse Royale de Savoye apres s'estre declaree pour la cause coraraune ne desire rien plus arderaraent que d' entrer dans 1' alliance du Roy de la Grande Bretagne et des Seigneurs Etatz Generaux des Provinces Unies des Pais Bas, et que Sa Majeste Britannique et Leurs Hautes Puissances sont portees a concourrer volontiers au genereux desir d' un Prince qu'elles estiment si particulierement, leurs Plenipoten- tiaires cy bas noramez, apres avoir confere ensemble, ont cru ne pouvoir mieux diriger cette alliance a la plus grande union des puissances confederees qu'en aggregeant et associant Son Altesse Royale au traitte conclu entre Sa Majeste Imperiale et les Seigneurs Etatz Generaux le 12 May, 1689 dans lequel Sadite Majeste de la Grande Bretagne est aussy entree, afin que corarae il ne doit y avoir qu'iin raerae esprit et qu'un raerae interest entre les alliez, il n'y ait aussi qu'un raerae traitte et qu'une raerae alliance qui les unisse. C est pour parvenir a un dessein si avantageux a la cause coraraune qu'ilz sont con- venus de faire les declarations suivantes en vertu de leurs pouvoirs respectifs inserez au bas du present. I. Milord Dursley Envoye Extraordinaire de Sa Majeste de la Grande Bretagne, et les Sieurs Walrave Baron de Hekeren Seigneur de Netelhorst, Grand Baillifde la Corate de Zutphen; Jaques Baron de Wassenaar et Duvenvoirde Seigneur de Duvenvoirde Voorschoten, Veur &c., Grand Baillif et Grand Maistre des Levees de Rhynlande, du corps de Nobles de la Province de Hollande et de Westfrise ; Antoine Heinsius Conseiller Pensionnaire, Garde Sceau et Intendant des Fiefs de la meme Province ; Guillaurae de Nassau Seigneur d'Odyk, Cortgene &c.. Premier Noble et Representant l' Ordre de la Nobfesse dans les Etatz et au Conseil de la Comte de Zelande ; Jean Vander Does Seigneur de Bergestein Depute de I'Ordre de la Noblesse aux Etatz d'Utreyt ; Jean Abraham de Schur- man Bourguemaistre d' Ylst et Depute aux Etatz de Frise ; Gaspar Henry de Leraker Bourguemaistre de Carapen; et Jean Viglius van Heek, Senateur de Groninghen et Omlanden; Deputez des Seigneurs Etatz Generaulx des Provinces Unies ' From the State Paper Office : Treaties, D 34. TREATY BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN, ETC. 757 des Pais Bas, aggregent associent et admettent Son Altesse Royale de Savoye au traitte qui a ete conclu et signe le 12 de May 1689 entre Sa Majeste Imperiale et les Seigneurs Etatz Generaux dont la teneur s'ensuit. NoTUM testatumque sit, quod taraetsi fcedus illud, quod paucis ab hinc annis Sac. Cees. Majestatera inter et Celsos ac Praepoten tes Doraiiios Ordines GeneralesFoederati Belgij Hagae Comitum in rautuara defensionem sancitura est, in suo adhuc dura vigore perraaneat ; nihilominus tam Sac. Cses. Majestas quam dicti Domini Ordines Generales perpendentes communis periculi post novissimam invasionera Gallicam Reipublicae Christianffi impendentis magnitudinem ac lubricam Gallorum in observandis tractatibus fidera necessariura judicaverint prae- dict: foederis leges vetereraque conjunctionem arctioribus firmioribusque vineulis roborare et de efficacioribus simul, tam reducendee quam conservandae pacis et securitatis publicae raedijs rationes inire eaque propter per utrimque ad id consti tutes Plenipotentiaries a parte quidem Sacrae Caes. Majestas per ejusdem consiliarios status intimos Dorainum Leopoldum Guillielmura Comitera in Konigsegg Sacri Romani Imperij Pro-Cancellarium, Aurei Velleris Equitera, et Dora : Theo- dorum Althetura Henricura Coraitera a Stratraan, Cancellari- um Aulicum: et a parte Celsorura ac Praepotent: Dora: Ordinum Generaliura per Dora : Jacobura Hop, Civitatis Arastelodamensis Consiliariura et Syndicura necnon in con- sessu eorundem Dorainorum Ord : Generaliura noraine Hol- landiae et Westfrisias Deputatum commutatis hinc inde Pleni- potentiariura tabulis conventum sit tenore sequenti. 1". Sit maneatque semper inter Sac. Cses. Majestatera et D.D. Ordines Generales Foederati Belgij constans perpetua et in- violabilis araicitia et correspondentia teneaturque alter alter- ius coraraoda sedulo promovere, dararana vero et incoraraoda proposse avertere. 2°. Et cura Rex Galhse, tam Sac. Cffis. S". Majestatem quara D.D. Ordines Generales Uniti Belgij absque ulla legitima causa seu praetextu gravissirao juxta ac iniquissirao bello nuperrirae ad ortus sit, sit eo durante inter partes contrahentes non tantum defensivum sed et offensivum fcedus vi cujus ambffi oranibus viribus contra praedict : Gallias Regera terra marique, ejusdemque fcederatos, qui quidem ad exhortationes cura in finera interponendas sese ab eodera sejungere noluerint, hostiliter agant, deque operationibus bellicis in coraraunis hostis perniciera sive conjunctira sive separatim utilius insti- tuendis consilia identidem comraunicent. 758 TREATY BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN, AND THE 3°. Neutri partiura fas sit, ab hoc contra Galliam bello recedere aut cum ilia illiusve adhserentibus ullam conventionem aut tractatum de pace vel armistitio sub quocunque^deraum prae textu seorsira instituere nisi volente et concurrente altera parte. 4. Nullatenus vero pax ineatur priusquara pax Westphalica, Osnabrugensis et Monasteriensis nee non Pyrenaea comrauni- bus viribus, juvante Deo vindicata, et orania juxta earundem tenorem in Ecclesiasticis et Politicis in pristinum statura res- tituta sint. 5". Institutis autera corarauni consensu pacis aut armistitij tractatibus coraraunicabuntur hinc inde bona fide ea, quae agentur, nee una pars sine alterius consensu et satisfactione quicquara concludet. 6'. Postquara presens bellura corarauni consensu finitum et pax conclusa fuerit, maneat inter Sac. Caes. Majestatera et ejusdera haeredes et sucessores, nee non D.D. Ordines Gener ales Foederati Belgij contra saepius raeraoratam Coronara Galliaa et ejusdera adhaerentes fcedus perpetuura defensivura, vi cujus partes contrahentes oranera operara dabunt, ut pax ineunda constanter perpetuoque duret. 7". Quod si vero contingeret, ut Corona Galliae iterura unara alteramve partem contrahentem aut utramque contra eandem pacem irapeteret, quocunque id terapore fiat teiiebunter hae sibi vicissira, eodem quo nunc raodo, terra raarique oranibus viribus fideliter, assistere et quaracunque hostilitatera et vio- lentiara propulsare, neque ab eo desistere, donee omnia in pristinum statura juxta praedictae pacis norraara redintegrata sint et parti Isesae satisfactura fuerit. 8°. Porro tam Sac. Caes. Majestas omnia jura D.D. Ordinum Generaliura quara hi vicissira jura Sac. Caes: Majestatis con tra Coronam Gallias et ejusdera adhaerentes orani tempore, omnibusque raedijs et viribus tueantur et defendant neque etiara sibi invicera in ijs uUura praejudiciura afferant. 9°. Si quae inter ipsos contrahentes ratione quorundara limit- aneorum dominiorura controversias sint aut infuturura exori- antur, eae per araicabilera coraraissionera aut deputandos ab utraque parte rainistros, omni via facti penitus exclusa amica- STATES-GENERAL, AND THE DUKE OF SAVOY. 759 biliter discutiantur componanturque neque in ijs interea temporis quicquam innovetur. 10°. Ad prsesentis foederis societatem invitentur ex parte Sac. Ca?s : Maj'"** Corona Hispania?, et a D. D. Ordinibus Gener- alibus Foederati Belgij Corona Anglia.^ et admittantur ad illud pariter omnes utriusque partis foederati, quibus eidem accedere visum fuerit. Includitur etiam huic foederi Seren- issimus Lotharingife Dux, conferentque coiifoederati omnem operara consilia et vires, ut et ipse in suos avitos ducatus, ditiones, et jura plenarie restituatur. 11". Ratihabebitur hoc fcedus ab utraque parte intra spatium quatuor sepUnianarum vel citius si fieri potest. In quorum omnium certitudinem ac majus fidei et sin- ceritatis robur bina ejusdem tenoris instinmenta desuper con- fecta et a contrabentiuni Pleuipotentiarijs subscripta, signata- que reciproce commutata sunt. xVctura Vienna? 12 Maij, 1689. L, S, Leopoldus Guillielmus Comes in Kinigsegg. L, S, T. A. Henr : Comes de Stiatman. L. S. J. Hop. Entrant au nom du Roy de la Grande Bretagne et des Seigneurs Etatz Generaux a 1" egard de Sou Altesse Royale dans tous les engagemens sans aucune reserve ni exception, dans lesquels ilz sont entrez avec Sa Majeste Imperiale, obligeant, ainsi que par le present acte ilz obligent Sa Ma jeste Britannique et Leurs Hautes Puissances a I'entiere et inviolable observation du dit ti'aitte selon sa forme et teneur envers Son Altesse Royale comme si elles 1' avoient de nou veau ici stipule et conti'acte avec Sadite Altesse Royale. IL Le Sieur de la Tour, Baron de Bourdeaux, Conseiller d' Etat de Son Altesse Royale, President de ses Finances en Savoye, Intendantde Sa Maison et son Envoye Exti'aordinaire, ayant vu et examine le traitte susdit, I'approuve et le ratifie, recoit et accepte ladite association et aggregation au nom de Son Altesse Royale ; I'obligeant, ainsi que par le present acte il I'oblige a I'observer et faire imaolablement observer aux m^mes conditions garanties et obligations qui y sont portees et qui auront la meme force, que si elles estoient ici de nou veau stipulees entre les parties. III. Sa ]\Iaj"- Britannique et Leurs Hautes Puiss' voulant donner a Son Altesse Royale des marques eftectives de leur 760 TREATY BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN, AND TKE affection et de 1' interest qu'elles prennent a sa conservation, luy etablissent et promettent une assistence de trente raille ecus par mois ; a coraraencer du jour de la signature du pre sent traitte, et a continuer durant six raois a venir, la raoitie de la sorarae pour estre eraployee par Sadite Altesse Royale la ou il conviendra le mieux pour repousser 1' ennemy qui a envahy ses Etatz, et laquelle raoitie sera avancee pour cet effet presentement ; et 1' autre raoitie pour estre employee tant pour I'entretien de ses trouppes que pour fournir a celuy des Vaudois et refugiez Francois, qui ont ete armez aux frais et par les soins de Sa Majeste Britannique et de Leurs Hautes Puissances : de laquelle sorarae de trente mille ecus par mois, le Roy de la Grande Bretagne en fournira vingt- raille, et les Seigneurs Etatz Generaux dix mille, qu'ilz feront payer regulierement et ponctuelleraent. IV. Et corarae Sa Majeste Iraperiale par le traitte qu'elle a fait avec Son Altesse Royale le 4 Juin proche passe, a stipule un article expres touchant la restitution de Pignerol, dont la teneur s' ensuit : Sacra Csesarea, Majestas et Confoederati oranera adhibebunt operara utregali Suae Celsitudini Piner- oliura vel per tractatus vel vi arraorura restituantur, sine ullo taraen praejudicio juriura et possessionis, quas Suae Celsitudini in terris Montisferrati, vigore tractatus Cherusiensis cessa et acquisita sunt. Sa Majeste Britannique et Leurs Hautes Puissances entrant dans toute I'entendue de 1' obligation portee par le dit article, observeront tout son contenu et le feront executer ponctuelle raent. V. Les Sieurs Plenipotentiaires susdits proraettent I'entiere et inviolable observation des articles cy-dessus et s'obligent d'en rapporter les ratifications en deues formes, dans deux mois ou plustost s'il se peut. En foy dequoy ilz ont signe le present acte et a iceluy appose le cachet de leurs armes. Fait a la Haye le vingtieme Octobre mil six cent quatrevingt dix. L,S. Ph. de LA Tour. Gulielmus Tertius Dei Gratia Magnae Britanniae Francise et Hibernias Rex Fidei Defensor &c : Oranibus et singulis ad quos prsesentes litterae pervenerint, Salutera. Quandoquidem corarauni consensu foederatorum oraniura qui atrocissimis injurijs lacessiti, ad salutera publicara suaraque propriam vindicandara bello contra Regera Christianissimum constricti tenentur, necessariura visum fuerit ut ministri a singulis STATES-GENERAL, AND THE DUKE OF SAVOY. 761 foederatorum deputandi Hagae Cora : in Hollandia congrede- rentur, ibideraque consulerent et convenient de ijs raedijs et rationibus quae bello huic efficacissime gerendo, quo maturius ad fcelicera exitura perducatur salutique publicae contra vira oranera et injurias tuendae, foederique non solum conservando, sed arctius, si opus fuerit constringendo utilissime essent. Cumque Celsi ac Prsep : D.D. Ordines Generales Feed. Belgij Provinciarum alios quosque Reges, Principesque rogarint, ut ipsi pariter rainistros suos eodera in loco, operara suam in fi nem collaturos mandarent ; Nos nihil nostra ex parte deesse voluiraus, quo conventus ille quara priraum celebretur, effec- turaque optatum melius consequatur. Sciatis igitur, quod Nos, fide industria et in rebus transigendis experentia dilecti et perquam fidelis nostri Caroli Vice Comitis de Dursley, perdilecti et perquam fidelis Consanguinei nostri Georgij Comitis de Berkeley filij priraogeniti plurimum confisi, eundem nominaviraus, fecimus et constituiraus, ac per praesentes no- minaraus facimus et constituiraus nostrura verura certura et indubitatura Plenipotentiariura ; dantes eidera et concedentes omnem et omnimodara facultatera potestatera et authoritatem, nee non mandatum generale pariter ac speciale, cum Pleui potentiarijs sive rainistris nostrorum contra Christianissimum Regem foedaratorura sociorumve alioruraque Regura Princi- pum aut Statuura qui eadera, quas Nos et foederati nostri consilia araplecti parati sint, sufficienti ad hoc potestatera raunitis, conveniendi etuna cura ijsdera de et super rationibus medijsque quae ad prsesens bellura (Deo adjuvants) proxima praesertim sestate feliciter gerendum salutemque publicara et uniuscujusque procurandara atque vindicandara foedusque conservandara arctiusque etiam, si opus fuerit, constringendura raaxirae pertinebunt aut alias quoquoraodo necessaria corarauni consilio videbuntur ; consulendi tractandi et concludendi atque super ijs articulos, litteras et instrumenta conficiendi, et a Pleuipotentiarijs sive rainistris praedict : petendi et recipiendi, reliquaque oranianecessaria et opportunapraestandi perficiendi- que tam amplis raodo et forma ac nosmetipsi si interesseraus facere et praestare possemus. Spondentes et in verbo Regio proraittentes Nos quaecunque a dicto nostro Plenipotentiario vi prsBsentiura concludi contigerit, rata ea orania grata et accepta omni meliori raodo habituros nee contra ipsorura ali quid aut aliqua contraventuros quin potius quicquid nomine nostro promissura fuerit sancte et inviolabiliter observaturos et observari curaturos. In cujus rei raajorera fidem et testi- raoniura has litteras raanu nostra regia signatas, Magno Anglise Sigillo corarauniri feciraus. Quae dabantur in Palatio nostro de Withal 20 Februarij Anno Doraini 16g, Regnique nostri secundo. Gulielmus R. 5a 762 TREATY BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN, AND THE Les Etatz Generaux des Provinces Unies des Pais Bas, a tous ceux qui ces presentes verront Salut. Comme Son Altesse Royale de Savoye s' etant declaree pour le party des Hauts .Alliez contre la France, nous a tesraoigne le desir qu' elle avoit de cultiver avec nous une sincere amitie et d'entrer en des engagemens plus particuliers pour 1' avancement de la cause commune et les interestz reciproques, et qu'elle a au thorise le Sieur President de la Tour son Envoye Extraordi naire aupres de nous, pour traitter la dessus, ainsi qu'il sera trouve le plus convenable de part et d' autre, et que de nostre coste, nous ne sommes pas moins portez aseurer avec Son Altesse Royale les nceuds d'une amitie indissoluble et a nous unir fortement avec elle ; c'est pourquoy nous avons nomme et depute les Sieurs Walraven Baron de Hekeren Seigneur de Netelhorst, Grand Baillif de la Comte de Zutphen ; Jaques Baron de Wassenaar et Duvenvoirde Seigneur de Duvenvoirde, Voorschoten, Veur &c., 'Grand Baillif et Grand Maistre des Levees de Rhynlande, du corps des Nobles de la Province de Hollande et de Westfrise , Antoine Heinsius Conseiller Pen sionaire, Garde Sceau et Intendant des Fiefs de la meme Province ; Guillaurae de Nassau, Seigneur d'Odyk, Cortgene &c., Preraier Noble et Representant l' Ordre de la Noblesse dans les Etatz, et au Conseil de la Corate de Zelande ; Jean Vander Does Seigneur de Bergestein, Depute de l' Ordre de la Noblesse aux Etatz d'Utregt ; Jean Abrahara de Schurman Bourguemaistre d'Ylst et Depute aux Etatz de Frize ; Gasp: Henry Leraker, Bourgueraaistre de Carapen, et Jean Viglius van Heek Senateur de Groninghen &c., respectiveraent De putez en nostre asserable, de la part des Provinces de Geldres d' Hollande et Westfrise, de Zelande, d' Utregt, de Frise, d' Overyssel et de Groning et Oralanden, pour conferer avec le- dit Sieur President de la Tour sur les raoyens qui pourront le raieux servir a un engageraent et une liaison etroite entre cet Etat et Son Altesse Royale soit par la voye d'une alliance nouvelle ou bien par I'inclusion dans celles qu'on a deja faites avec Sa Ma'' Iraperiale ou quelques autres Rois Princes et Etatz, et nous avons donne corarae nous donnons par ces pre sentes aux d* Sieurs nos Deputez ou la plus grande partie d' iceux, en cas d' absence ou quelqu' autre empeschement des autres, pleinpouvoir, authorite et manderaent special a ce que de nostre part et en nostre nora, ilz pourront traitter, convenir et conclurre de tous les points et articles qu'on trouvera bons et convenables aux fins susdites, d'en passer des actes en bonne et deue forme et d' en recevoir de raeraes, et de faire generaleraent tout ce qu'ilz trouverent necessaire, quand raerae il leur seroit besoin pour cela raanderaent plus special. Proraettant en sincerite et de bonne foy d'avoir pour agreable tout ce que par les dits Sieurs nos Deputez sera con venu et STATES-GENERAL, AND THE DUKE OF SAVOY. 763 signe en vertu de ces presentes et de I'aggree et ratifier en la raeilleure forrae. En foy de quoy nous avons fait signer les presentes par le President de Nostre Asserablee et contre- signer par nostre Greffier et y apposer nostre cachet. Fait a la Haye, le 14 Septerabre, 1690. Etoit signe Van Heek, plus bas etoit ecrit Par Ordonnance des d^ Seigneurs Etatz Gener aux, et contresigne F. Fagel. Victor Arae Second par la Grace de Dieu Due de Savoye, Prince de Pieraont, Roy de Chypre &c. La bonte avec laquelle le Roy d'Angleterre a bien voulu nous assurer sa royale protection, Nous fait esperer que Sa Majeste aura aussi agreable de nous accorder I'honneur d'entrer en alliance avec elle ; C'est pourquoy Nous avons donne au President de la Tour corarae en vertu des presentes signees de nostre main. Nous luy donnons un ample pouvoir de traitter et conclurre avec Sa Majeste Britannique ou avec qui sera depute par Sa Majeste un traitte de ligue avec tels pacts conditions et pro- messes qu'il jugera a propos quand raerae ce seroient choses telles qui exigeassent un plus ample et special mandat que le present pouvoir. Proraettant en foy et parole de Prince d' observer inviolableraent et executer ponctuelleraent tout ce que ledit President de la Tour aura traitte conclu fait et promis et de le tenir toujours pour ferme stable et irrevocable et de le ratifier comme nous le ratifions des a present. En foy dequoy nous avons signe le present pouvoir fait contre- signer par nostre Premier Secretaire d' Etat et y avons fait apposer le Seel de nostre Secret. Donne au Camp de Ca- rignan ce quinzierae Juillet 1690. (Signe) V. Amadeo. Victor Arae Second par la Grace de Dieu Due de Savoye Prince de Piemont, Roy de Chypre, &c. La conflance que nous avons en I'amitie des Hautes Puissances des Etatz Gener aux des Provinces Unies des Pais Bas nous persuade qu' ilz nous en donnerons volontiers un nouveau temoignage concour- rant a I'etablisseraent d'une union indissoluble entre nous, que puisse contribuer a I'avantage de nos interestz reciproques, et au bien commun de toute la ligue. C'est pourquoy envoyant le President de la Tour vers Leurs Hautes Puissances, nous avons voulu luy donner le pouvoir de traitter et conclurre la dite alliance, comme en vertu des presentes signees de nostre raain nous donnons au susdit President de la Tour un ample pouvoir de traitter et conclurre avec les Hautes Puissances de Messieurs les Etatz Generaux des Provinces Unies des Pais Bas et avec qui sera par eux depute un traitte de ligue avec tels pacts conditions et promesses qu'il jugera a propos, quand 5a2 764 TREATY BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN, AND THE raerae ce seroient choses telles qui exigeassent un plus ample et special mandat que le present pouvoir. Proraettant en foy et parole de Prince d' observer inviolableraent et executer ponctuelleraent tout ce que ledit President de la Tour aura traitte conclu fait et prorais et de le tenir toujours pour ferme stable et irrevocable, et de le ratifier corarae nous le ratifions des a present. En foy dequoy nous avons- signe le present pouvoir, fait contresigner par nostre Preraier Secretaire d' Etat et y avons fait apposer le Seel de nostre Secret. Donne au Carap de Carignan ce 14 de Juillet 1690. (Signe) V. Amadeo. L,S. ARTICLE SECRET concernant les Vaudois fait a la Haye entre les Ministres de Sa M*' Brit*^' et de leurs Hautes Puis sances les Etats Generaux des Provinces Unies des Pays Bas d' une part, et Mons' le President de la Tour, Envoye de S.A. R^' le Due de Savoye d'autre part. Son Altesse Royale qui a deja re9eu en ses bonnes graces et remis sous sa protection royale ses sujets Vaudois de la Religion, et qui re9oit journellement des preuves de leur fidelite, et de leur attacheraent a son service declare par le present article, qui aura la raerae force et vigueur que s' il estoit insere dans le traitte ou actes d' inclusion arreste aujourd'huy entre le Roy de la Grande Bretagne, et les Seigneurs Etats Generaux des Provinces Unies des Pays Bas d'une part, et Son Altesse Royale de I'autre, qu'aux instances, et a la consideration de Sa M" Britannique et de leurs Hautes Puissances, elle a revoque, comme de fait elle revoque I'Edit decrete contre les d'^ Vaudois le 31 Janvier 1686, et tous autres Edits ou ordres quelconques donnes en execution d'iceluy, les a releves, et releve de toute contravention a iceux, et leur en accorde a cet effet en tant que besoin est ou seroit, abolition pleine et entiere, sans que jamais ny eux, ny autres qui les auroient aides ou favorises en puissent estre recherches en general ou en particulier de quelconque maniere que ce soit. Qu'elle veut que tous les prisonniers soient mis en liberte, et tous enfans, gar9ons et filles de quelque age et en quelque lieu qu'ils puissent estre, rendus sans payer aucuns frais ou depens, les laissant en pleine liberte de retourner avec leurs parents, et de faire profession de leur Religion; sans qu'on puisse inquieter ny rechercher eux ny tous autres au sujet des abjurations qu'ils pourroient avoir faites. Qu'elle remet et conserve eux, leurs enfans et posterite dans la pos session de tous et chacun leurs anciens droits, edits, coutumes, et privileges, tant pour les habitations, negoce, et exercice de leur Religion, que pour toute autre chose ; les retablit et restitue dans tous leurs biens, fonds, raaisons, heritages, noms, STATES-GENERAL, AND THE DUKE OF SAVOY. 765 raisons, et actions, et tous autres qui se trouverent en nature et qu'ils pourront justifier par tout genre de preuve leur avoir appartenu avant le d' ordre du trente unierae Janvier 1686. Que incontinent apres la ratification du principal Traitte et du present article. Son Altesse Royale fera expedier en conformite du present article des lettres patentes en forme d' Edit en faveur des dits Vaudois ses sujets et autres gents de la Religion qui se veulent etablir dans les dites Vallees en prestant le serment de fidelite accouturae corarae fideles sujets de Son Altesse Royale, lesquelles Sa d' Altesse Royale fera interiner, et verifier au Senat et en la Charabre des Coraptes de Turin, et par tout oii besoin sera, et finaleraentles rainistres de Sa Majeste Britannique et de leurs Hautes Puissances seront instruits et autorises pour regler selon les anciens Edits, droits et concessions avec les Ministres de S.A.R. le detail des choses, et ce qui pourroit rester et estre obrais pour la seurete des d'^ Vaudois dans cet article, corarae aussy pour 1' execution d' iceluy, tant a I'egard des choses concernant leur Religion, que leurs biens, droits et toutes autres. Les dits Sieurs Plenipo tentiaires cy-raentionnes ont prorais, et promettent respect iveraent au nora de leurs Maistres et Principaux de faire invio lableraent observer le contenu du present article et d'en fournir les Ratifications en bonne et deue forrae dans deux raois, ou plustost s'il se peut. En foy de quoy iis ont signe le present article et a iceluy appose le chachet de leurs armes. Fait a la Haye le vingtieme Octobre mil six cents quatre-vingts dix. L. S. Ph : DE LA Tour. APPENDIX F. Edict of the Duke of Savoy, by which the Vaudois were established pursuant to the Treaty of 1690 between Great Britain, the States-General, and the Duke of Savoy.^ See page 389, and from 756—765. VITTORIO AMEDEO II. Per gratia di Dio Duca di Sauoia, Prencipe di Piemonte, Re di Cipro, 8fc, SENDO stati obligati dalle reiterate, e premurose instanze di prepotenza straniera nell' anno 1686 a far publicare gli Editti delli 31. Gennaro, e 9. Aprile contro li nostri fedeli Sudditi Religionarij delle VaUi di Lucerna, Perosa, e San Martino, e 1 Tliis Edict the Editor lias printed from a Broad Sheet in his possession as published and posted in the Valleys of Piedmont, in 1694. ' 766 EDICT OF THE DUKE OF SAVOY delli Luoghi adiacenti, cioe Prarustino San Bartoloraeo, e Roccapiatta, & hauendoci gia inuitati a riceuer li nella nostra buona gratia le proue manifeste di fedelta, & autentici attes- tati di Zelo per il Seruitio nostro, che ci hanno dati, e contin- uaiio a darci li nostri Sudditi Religionarij, corae anche la consideratione in cui sono appr esse di Noi le instanze fatte dalla Maesta del Re d' Inghilterra, e dalle Alte Potenze de Stati generali delle Prouincie vnite de Paesi bassi habbiamo stiraato per questi motiui di non doner diferire piu oltre di far apparire che si trouano intieramente ristabiliti nella nostra buona gratia per raaggiorraente eccittarli a rendersene piu degni. Quindi e che per le presenti, quali vogliarao c' hab- biano forza d' Editto di nostra certa scienza, plena possanza, autorita assoluta e col parere del Conseglio riuocando, & annullando, come riuochiamo, & annulliamo li detti Editti delli 31. Gennaro, e 9. Aprile 1686. e loro Interinationi, com' altresi tutte le Dichiarationi di pene, le Sentenze Ordinanze, e tutti gli altri atti, & ordini fatti in essecutione delli detti Editti in odio de sudetti Religionarij in raodo tale che restino in auuenire di niuna forza & effetto, corae se raai fossero se- guiti. Facciamo a detti Religionarij arapia gratia, & intiera remissione, assolutione, & abolitione in quanto sia, 6 fosse di bisogno di tutte le contrauentioni ai detti Editti, e di tutti gl' altri eccessi, di qualsiuoglia natura, e qualita, per enormi che possano essere, ascritti a medesirai Religionarij, e che richiedessero specifica, & indiuidual raentione, e di tutte le pene dichiarate, & incorse per essi tanto in generale, quanto in particolare ; Restituiarao detti Religionarij e tutti quelli, che hauessero loro prestato aiuto, conseglio, e fauore nel pristine honore, e nella nostra buona gratia, cora' erano auanti le Contrauentioni alii detti Editti, ordinando che tutti quelli de sudetti Religionarij che si trouassero ancora detenuti, siano iraraediatamente liberati, e che tutti li figliuoli dell' vno, e deir altro Sesso di qualsiuoglia eta, & in qualonque luogo si trouino de nostri Stati siano restituiti senza pagaraento d' al- cuna spesa, e lasciati in plena liberta di ritornare con U loro Parenti nolle dette Valli, e proffessarui la loro Religione senza che possano essere molestati, ne ricercati tanto essi, che qualsi uoglia altro per causa di qualche atto della loro Religione, e delle abiurationi, che potessero hauer fatte essi, 6 loro Padri, come seguite per violenza Inhibendo al detto effetto a chi si sia di fraporre alcun impedimento, ne difficolta col nasconderii, od in altra forraa al loro ritorno neile dette Valli, e molto meno di far loro la miniraa violenza, la qual sara parimente vietata a sudetti Religionarij contro quel Cattolizati, che vorranno riraaner in questi Stati, e continuar a professare la Religione Cattolica. Volendo che li nostri Gouernatori, e Giudici de Luoghi siano tenuti d'inuigilare all' essecutione di quanto so- FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE VAUDOIS, 767 pra, e che detti Religionarij dell' vno, e dell' altro Sesso non siano in alcun raodo forzati, ne irapediti d' vsare in questo del loro libero arbitrio, e plena liberta di ritornare neile sudette Valli, Riraettendo li detti Religionarij, e volendo che siano raantenuti con loro figliuoli, e posterita nel possesso di tutti, e caduno di loro antichi dritti, Editti, costurai, vsanze, e priuilegi. tanto rispetto alle loro habitationi, negocio, com- mercio, & esercitio della Religione, che proffessano, quanto d' ogn' altra cosa, niuna eccettuata, cora' erano auanti li sudetti Editti; Ristabiliendo, e reintegrando li Religionarij nel quieto, e pacifico possesso, e godiraento di tutti li loro Beni, Fondi, Case, heredita, norai, ragioni, & attioni, e tutte le altre cose che si troueranno in essere, e natura, e che potranno giustifi- care per ogni sorte di proua hauer loro spettato iraraediata- raente auanti li sudetti Editti, Ordinando a tutti quelli, che potessero esser in possesso sotto qualsiuoglia titolo, de Beni, & effetti c' hanno appartenuto corae soura alii Religionarij auanti detti Editti, che nella sudetta coiiforraita gli riraettano, e ne lascino loro il libero, e pacifico godiraento senza inquietarli ne raolestarli in qualsiuoglia raodo, ne hora, ne all' auuenire sotto qualonque pretesto : Inhibendo loro, & alii sudetti loro adherenti hora, & all' auuenire per conto delle sudette Contra uentioni, annessi connessi e dipendenti, da Magistrati, Giudici, Vfficiali, Fiscali, e da chionque altro fia spediente ogni vlterior molestia si reale che personale, in raodo che non possano raai piu essere ricercati si in generale che in particolare, meno inquietati in qualsiuoglia modo neile loro persone, e Beni per le sudette Contrauentioni, ne per alcun atto della loro Reli gione, e delle abiurationi, che possano hauer fatte per esser seguite corae sopra per attiviolenti, e peroinseguendol'eserapio del praticato anco altre volte in consimili Casi da nostri Antecessor!, Iraponiarao al Fisco nostro, & a chionque altro fia spediente perpetuo, e finale silentio, Dichiarando sin hora nullo tutto cio che venisse a seguir in contrarie ; Proraettendo la nostra Protettione a tutti quelli, che saranno inquietati con tro la presente nostra Dichiaratione. Perraettiamo in oltre ad ogni persona nata nella medema Religione, e quella proffessante, d' andarsi liberamente a stabilire neile sudette Valli, prestando pero prima neile raani del nostro Gran Cancelliere il solito, e douuto giuraraento di Fedelta, e di viuere, & essere buoni, fedeli, & vbbidienti Sudditi nostri, e de nostri Successori alia Corona durante il loro soggiorno neile dette Valli, neile quali potranno possedere fondi fra i liraiti prescritti, e cosi vi goderanno degl'istessi Priuilegi, e prerogatiue niuna eccettuata, delle quali godono, e possono godere gli Religionarij natural! del Paese, eccettuati li Francesi, a fauore de quali questa Concessione si stendera indifferenteraente durante la presente guerra, e doppo fatta la Pace sara solo a fauore di quelli, li 768 EDICT OF THE DUKE OF SAVOY quali saranno vsciti di Francia a causa della loro Religione, e non vi si saranno ristabiliti doppoi ; Di piu quanto a quelli delle Valli di Pragellato, e la Perosa, che professano la stessa Religione, questa Concessione non haura luogo a fauor loro, che per il terraine di dieci anni doppo la Pace ; Dichiarando in oltre che quelli delle dette Valli di Pragellato, e la Perosa, li quali haurranno occasione di venire a stabilirsi in quelle di Lucerna, & altre dipendenti dal nostro Dominio fra le nomi nate nel presente Editto per causa di qualche heredita, sus- titutione, o Matrimonio potranno farlo in ogni terapo, purche vengano astabiliruisi fissamente, lasciando il soggiorno di dette Valli di Pragellato, e la Perosa, volendo pero che li sudetti Religionarij Valdesi, e li forastieri, che fossero per venir sta bilirsi neile dette Valli non possano molestar in verun modo li Cattolici habitanti neile medesirae sotto qualsiuoglia pretes to. Perraettiamo in oltre a tutti li habitanti Religionarij di dette nostre Valli di comprare, Se acquistare senza violenza, ma di buon grade Beni si mobili, che iraraobili siti ne hmiti delle sudette nostre Valli in qualonque raani potessero essere, Mandiamo per tanto, e comraandiarao a Magistrati, Ministri, VfficiaH nostri, & a chionque altro spettera d' osseruar, e far inuiolabilmente osseruare le presenti, & al Senate e Camera nostra di Piemonte d' interinarle, & approuarle in tutto e per tutto come dispongono, senza veruna difficolta ne contradit- tione. Volendo che siano publicate ne modi soliti ne luoghi delle dette Valli, & altri oue sara necessario, accio niuno possa pretenderne causa d' ignoranza, e ch' alia copia starapata dal Stampator nostro Valetta si debba prestar tanta fede, quanta al proprio originale. Che tal e nostra mente. Dat' in Torino li ventitre Maggie raille seicento nouanta quattro. V. Ame DEO. V. Bellegarde. Reg. Gallinati. De S. Thomas. LA CAMERA DE CONTI DI S.A.R. Ad ogn' vno sia raanifesto, che veduto per Noi 1' Editto sopra- scritto, di pugno di S. A. R. firraato in debita forma spedito, sigillato, & sottoscritto De S. Thomas Dat' in questa Citta li ventitre del corrente mese ; Et vdito neile sue Conclusioni il Sig. Conte Pietro Francesco Frichignono di Castelengo, Consigliere Senatore, & Auuocato Generale di detta A. R. al qual e stato coraraunicato, & suo tenor considerate (Per quanto a. questo Magistrate spetta, & appartiene) Habbiarao Interi- nato, Aramesso, & Approuato. Et perle presenti Interiniamo, Aramettemo, & Approuiamo esse Editto con le seguenti FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE VAUDOIS. 769 dichiarationi, cioe che quanto a liraiti, de quali il medemo Editto fa raentione s'intendino quelli, che sono espressi nelli vltimi Editti prescrittiui, & dichiaratiui d' essi limiti, e con cio che le persone, e beni delli habitanti presenteraente, & che habiteranno in auuenire neile Valli, & luoghi enonciati in detto Editto, ed' alia raente del medesimo sijno obligati, & affetti rispettiuaraente a tutti li Carichi, Gabelle, e pesi si & corae restauano tenuti, & obligati verso la raedema A. R. ; e suoi Reali Successori auanti gl' Editti delli 31. Gennaro, & 9. Aprile 1686 & si e come restano, e resteranno obligati gl' altri Sudditi. Et nel resto secondo sua forraa, mente, e tenore. Mandando sij registrato ne Registri nostri, per hauergli ricorso al bisogno. In cui fede habbiamo concesse le presenti. Dat' in Torino li venticinque di Maggio, raille seicento nouanta quattro. Per detta Eccellentissima Camera. Ayme. IL SENATO DI S.A.R. IN TORINO SEDENTE. Ad ogn' uno sia manifesto, che visto per Noi, e letto il soura- scrit' Ordine di S.A.R. Dat' in Torino li ventitre Maggio corrente dalla medema R.A. firraato, debitamente spedito, sigillato, e sottoscritto De S, Thoraas, il suo tenor considerate, e sentito nolle sue Conclusioni il Sig. Conte Pietro Francesco Frichignono Consigliere, Senatore, & Auuocato generale di detta A.R. a cui e stato coraraunicato. Quelle, per quanto a questo suprerao Magistrate spetta, & appartiene, hauerao aramesso approuato, &interinato, & perle presenti araraettemo, approuiamo, &interiniamo con dechiaratione pero, che la reinte- gratione, di qual fa mentione il presente Editto a fauore de Valdesi, 6 sia degli huomini della pretesa religione riforinata, s' intenda coraprender puraraente, e serapliceraente li beni, ragioni, & attioni, de quali sono stati priuati in occasione, e dependentemente dagli Editti promulgati sotto li 31. Gennaro, e noue Aprile dell' anno 1686, e che sijno salue le ragioni che a qualsiuoglia terzo coinpetteuano, ne beni e verso le persone de raederai huoraini auanti li prefati Editti con dechiaratione anche, che rispetto alii beni coraprati, ne' quali restano rein- tegrati detti Religionarij conforrae dispone il presente Editto, s' intend! riseruata ragione alii detti Acquisitori di repetter il prezzo, per li raederai pagato dal Sig. Patriraoniale di S.A. R. ; SI, e corae potra all' istesso di ragione corapetter, il che non potra in qual si sia caso riflettere ne diretta, ne indiret- tamente contro detti Religionarij, e beni loro, e che s' inten- dino li raederai solamente reintegrati, e restituiti nel priraiero stato, in cui si ritrouauano auanti detti Editti, e nel resto in tutto, e per tutto secondo la forraa, raente, e tenore del pre- 5b 770 EDICT OF THE DUKE OF SAVOY. sente Editto, Mandando ad ogni vno, e chi spetti venghi il presente Editto osseruato, e con le presenti ne Registri nostri registrato, Dat' in Torino li venticinque Maggio raille sei cento nouanta quattro. Per detto Eccellentissirao Senate, Dalraazzo, In TORINO, Per Antonio Valetta Starapatore di S,A,R, e deir Eccellentissiraa Caraera, 1694, APPENDIX G, Ratification of the Treaty between England and Savoy, dated at Crescentin, lOth August, n04<,^ and referred to page Victor Arae II, par la Grace de Dieu, Due de Savoye, Prince de Pieraont Roy de Chypre, &c : A tous ceux qui ces presentes verront Salut, Ayant vu le Traitte d' Alliance que le Corate de Vernon Gentilhorame de Nostre Charabre en verteu du pleinpouvoir que nous luy en avons donne a conclu, arreste et signe le quatrieme jour de ce raois, dans la ville de Turin, avec le Sieur Hill, Seigneur de Hawkston et d'Atchara, Conseiller dans I'Arairaute d'Angleterre et Envoye Extraordi naire de Sa Majeste Britannique, muny pareillement du pleinpouvoir necessaire de Sa dite Majeste, du quel Traitte suit la teneur, Comme Son Altesse Royale de Savoye a toujours infiniment estirae I'appuy et 1' alliance de Sa Majeste la Reyne dela Grande Bretagne qui sont d'un si grand poids dans le raonde, et que les conjonctures presentes luy donnent lieu de s'unir plus etroiteraent avec elle en entrant dans le Traitte de la Grand Alliance conclu a la Haye le septieme Septerabre mil sept cents un pour travailler conjointement a pourvoir au repos et a la seurete commune contre la puissance et desseins si vastes de la France qui ne menacent pas raoins que la liberte publique et universelle afin de la reduire dans de justes bornes : Sa dite Majeste Britannique connoissant aussy combien l' amitie et I'union de Son Altesse Royale peut contribuer pour parvenir plus facilement a ce but qui est si necessaire pour le bien de toute la cause commune, a donne a cet effet son pleinpouvoir au Sieur Hill Seigneur de Hawkston et d'Atcham Conseiller dans I'Arairaute d'Angleterre et son Envoye Ex- 1 From the State Paper Office : Treaties K. No. 2. TREATY, ETC. 771 traordinaire aupres de Son Altesse Royale, et Sa d' A. R'' ayant pareillement de son cote donne son pleinpouvoir et raanderaent au Sieur Corate de Vernon, Gentilhorame de sa Charabre, les dits Plenipotentiaires apres s' estre reciproque- ment remis les originaux de leurs dits pleinpouvoirs, ont convenu des articles suivants. Premier Article. Sa Majeste Britannique re9oit et coraprend Son Altesse Royale dans le Traitte de la Grande Alliance conclu a la Haye le septieme Septerabre mil sept cents un, entre Sa Majeste Imperiale, le feu Roy d'Angleterre, et les Seigneurs Etats Generaux, s'engageant envers Sa dite A.R. a I'entiere et inviolable observation du d' Traitte, comme si elle en eust este un des premiers eontractans. Son Altesse Royale de son coste entre sans aucune reserve ny exception dans toutes les obligations et tous les engagements dans les quels sont entrees les Puissances qui 1' ont conclu, portes par le meme Traitte, dont suit la teneur. Quandoquidem mortuo sine liberis non ita pridem glorio- sissirase memoriae Carolo Secundo Hispaniarum Rege, Sacra Sua Cassarea Majestas, successionera in regna et Provincias Regis defuncti, doraui Suae Augustse legitime debere asser- uerit, Rex autera Christianissimus pro nepote suo Duce Andegavensi, earadem successionem ambiens, et jus illi ex testamente quodara Regis defuncti natum esse praeferens, pro modo dicto Duce Andegavensi possessionem universse hasred- itatis sive Monarchise Hispanicae arripuerit, Provincias His- pano-Belgicas, Ducatumque Mediolanensem armis occupa verit, classera in Portu Gaditano paratam teneat, naves plures bellicas ad Indias Hispano parentes miserit, atque hoc modo alijsque plurimis Regna Galliarum et Hispaniarura tam arete inter se uniantur et coalescant, ut posthac non aliter quam pro uno eodemque regno consideranda esse videantur, adeo ut nisi prospectum fuerit, satis appareat Csesareas Suae Ma- jestati abjiciendam esse oranera spem unquam sibi de prseten- sione sua satisfactura iri. Sacrum Romanum Imperium jura sua in feuda quae sunt in Italia, et in Belgio Hispanico per- diturura, Britannis ct Belgis foederatis liberum navigationis et commerciorum usum in Mare Mediterraneum, in Indias, et alibi funditus periturum, unitumqae Belgium destitutum iri securitate, quara ex interpositis inter se et Gallos Provincijs Hispano-Belgicis vulgo Barriere, tenebat, denique Gallos et Hispanos ita conjunctos adeo omnibus formidandos brevi evasuros, ut totius Europae imperium facile sibi vindicaturi sint. Quum autem ob hunc procedendi modum Regis Christ- ianissimi, Cresarese Suee Majestati necessitas imposita fuerit "5b2 772 THE TREATY BETWEEN exercitura in Italiara mittendi, ad conservandum tam sua jura privata, quam feuda Imperij, Rex Magnae Britanniae neces sariura existiraaverit, copias suas auxiliares raittendi, Belgio fcederato, cujus res eo loco sunt, ac si re ipsa jara aggressum foret, et Domini Ordines Generales Uniti Belgij, quorum fines undique fere patent, effracto, et remote obice, vulgo Bar riere, qui Gallorum vicinitatem arcebat, coacte sint ea cuncta pro securitate, et salute Reipublicse Suae facere, quae bello im- petiti facere debuissent vel potuissent, Quumque tam anceps rerum constitutio ipso bello periculosior sit, et hoc rerum statu Gallia et Hispania abutantur, ut se raagis, et magis inter se devinciant, ad opprimendam Europae libertatera et tollendum coramerciorura usura, his rationibus adducti, Sacra Sua Caesa rea Majestas, Sacra Sua Regia Majestas Magnae Britannise, et Celsi et Praspotentes Domini Ordines Generales Uniti Belgij, tantis malis hinc surrecturis obviam tendentes, et pro viribus remedia afferre cupientes, arctara inter se conjunctionem et confoederationera pro depellenda coraraunis periculi magnitu- dine necessariam esse existimaverunt, et hunc in finem man- datis suis instruxerunt scilicet Sacra Sua Csesarea Majestas nobilissimos, illustrissimos et excellentissimos Dominos, Dorainum Petrum Sacri Roraani Iraperij Comitera a Goessen, Dorainura de Carelsberg, Sacrse Csesarese Majestatis Camerari- ura, Consiliariura Iraperialera Aulicura, et ad Celsos et Prsepo- tentes Dorainos Ordines Generales Uniti Belgij Ablegatum Extraordinariura, et Dorainura Joannera Venceslaum Sacri Roraani Iraperij Coraitera Wratislau a Mitrovitz Dominum de Ginetz et Mallexitz Sacrae Roraanae, et Ungaricae Regise Majestatis Camerarium intiraae Cancellariae Aulico Bohemicae Consiliariura et Assessorera, nee non Sacrae Caesarese Majesta tis ad Serenissiraura Magnse Britannia Regem Ablegatum Extraordinariura, Legates suos Extraordinarios et Plenipo tentiaries ; Sacra Sua Regia Majestas Magnae Britannias nobilissiraura illustrissiraura atque Excellentissimum Dorai nura, Dorainura Joannera Comitera de Marlborough Baronem Churchill de Sandridge, Sacrae Regiae Majestatis a Consilijs Intirais, copiarum Pedestriura vulgo Generalem, et summum Exercitus raeraoratae Sacrae Suae Majestatis Regiae in Belgio Prsefectura Legatum ejus Extraordinariura Commissarium Procuratorem et Plenipotentiariura et Domini Ordines Gen erales, Dominos Didericura Ech de Pantaleon Dorainum de Gent, et Erlehum Fredericura Baronera de Rheede Dominum de Lier, Agri St, Antonij de Terlee, Coraraendatorera Burse, unum Nobilium et in Ordine Equestri Hollandiae et West frisias conscriptum, Antoniura HeinsiuraDorainorura Ordinum Hollandiffi et Westfrisise Consiliariura et Sindicura eorumdem Magni Sigilli Custodera ac feudorura Prasidem, Wilhelmum de Nassau Dorainum de Odych, Cortgiene &c, Primum No- ENGLAND AND SAVOY, IN 1704. 773 bilera et Repraesentantem Ordinera Nobilium in Dominorura Ordinum Zelandiae et eorumdem Deputatorum consessu, Everhardura de Weede Dorainura de Weede Dyckvelt, Ratel- es &c., fundi Civitatis Oudewater Dorainum, Capituli S'? Mariae, quod Trajecti ad Rhenura est, Decanum, Consiliariura PriiAarium et Praesidem, Consessus Provincias Ultrajectinae, Aggerura fiurainis Leccas Prasfectura et Praetorera, Wilhel- raura Van Harem Agri Biltani in Frisia Grietraannura, Universitatis Franqueranse Curatorem, a parte Nobilium in Consessu Dominorura Ordinura Frisiae Deputatura, Burchard- ura Justura a Welvelde in Buckorst et Molekate, Toparchara in Zallick et Vekaten, Ysselrauijdani Agri Satrapara, et Wicherum Wichers, Civitatis Groningensis Senatorera, res pective Dorainorura Ordinum Geltias, Hollandiae et West frisias, Zelandiae, Ultrajecti ad Rhenura, Frisias, Transijsulaniae et Groningae et Oralandorura, ad Conventum Dominorura Ordinura Generaliura Uniti Belgij Deputatos, qui vi raanda- torura suorura in sequentes foederis leges convenerunt. Art"^ 1"»- Sit maneatque inter Sacram Cassaream Majestatera Sacram Regiam Majestatera Magnae Britannias, et Dorainos Ordines Generales Uniti Belgij constans, perpetua, et inviolabilis araicitia et correspondentia teneaturque alter alterius coraraoda promovere, damna vero, et incoraraoda pro posse avertere. Art™ 2"^- Sacra Caesarea Majestas, Sacra Regia Majestas Magnae Britannias ; et Doraini Ordines Generales, cura nulla res ipsis raagis cordi sit, quam pax, et tranquillitas generalis totius Europae, judicaverunt ad eam stabiliendam nihil effi- cacius futurura quara procurando Cffisareae Suae Majestati ratione praetensionis suas in successionem Hispanicara satis- factionera asquam, et rationi convenientera, et ut Rex Magnae Britanniae et Domini Ordines Generales securitatem particu- larem et sufficientem pro regnis provincijs ditionibus suis, et pro navigatione et comraercijs subditorura suorum adipis- cantur. Arf^^ 3US. Propterea foederati ante omnia operara dabunt quantara possunt raaxiraara ad obtinendura via araicabili, et per trans- actionem solidam et firmain Cassareas Suas Majestati satisfac- tionera asquam, et rationi convenientera in causa raemoratee, et securitatera raodo indigitatara Regiae Suas Majestati Magnse Britannias et Dominis Ordinibus Generalibus Uniti Belgij irapendentque Foederati in hunc finem omni studio, et absque 774 THE TREATY BETWEEN ulla interraissione spatiura duorura raensium, a die quo rati- ficationura tabulae corarautabuntur nuraerandum. Art"^ 4us. Quod si praeter spera et vota intra terapus praefinitum, res eo quo dictum est modo transigi nequeat, foederati sibi invi cera spondent et proraittunt, se alter alterura omnibus viri bus adjuturos, idque juxta specificationera peculiar! in con ventions deterrainandam, ut ita acquirant satisfactionem et securitatem ante meraoratas. Art™ 5us. Foederati ad procurandara satisfactionem et securitatem antedictas inter alia oranes nerves intendent ut recuperent Provincias Hispano-Belgicas ut sint obex et repagulura, vulgo Barriere, Galliara a Belgio foederate reraovens et separans pro securitate Dorainorum Ordinum Generaliura quemad- raodura ab orani tempore inservierunt, donee Rex Christia nissimus nuper eas railite suo oceupavit, ut et Ducatum Mediolanensem cum dependentijs ejus, tanquam feudura Ira perij, atque securitati Provinciarura hsereditariarura Csesaress Suae Majestatis inserviens, prasterea regna Neapolis et Siciliae et terras atque insulas circa ora Etruriae in Mare Mediterraneo quas sunt ditionis Hispanicas, et ejusdera usus esse possunt, ut et prodesse navigationi et coraraercijs subditorura Regis Magnse Britannis et Belgij Uniti. Art"' gus. Licitum sit Regise Suae Majestati Magnse Britannias et Dominis Ordinibus Generalibus corarauni Consilio pro utili- tate et comraodo navigationis et commercij subditorura suo rura quas poterunt in Indijs Hispanicae ditionis terras et urbes arrais occupare, quidquid autera occupaverint ipsorura raane- bit. Art"' 7ue. Necessitate exigente ut foederati ad obtinendara antedictam Suas Cassareas Majestatis satisfactionera, Regis Magnas Bri tannias ac Dorainorura Ordinum Generaliura securitatem, bellum subire adigantur fideliter inter se consilia coramunica- bunt de operationibus bellicis et de oranibus rebus ad causam hanc comraunem spectantibus. Art"' 8™- Neutrae partium fas sit bello serael suscepto de pace cum hoste tractare, nisi conjunctim, et comraunicatis consilijs cum altera parte, ne pax ineatur nisi adepta prius pro Cassarea Sua Majestate satisfactione aequa et rationi conveniente, et ENGLAND AND SAVOY, IN 1704. 775 pro Regia Sua Majestate Magnas Britannias et Dorainis Or dinibus Generalibus securitate particular! regnorum, Provin ciarum, ditionum, navigationis, et coraraerciorura suorura, et nisi justis cautelis antea provisura sit, ne regna Gallias, et Hispanias unquara sub idera iraperiura veniant et uniantur, nee unquam unus et idera utriusque regni Rex fiat, et speci- atira ne Galli unquara in possessionera Indiarura juris His- panici veniant, nee ipsis ibidera navigatio raercaturse exer- cendae causa sub quocumque praetextu, directe vel indirecte perraittatur, et denique nisi pacta pro subditis Regis Magns Britannias et Foederati Belgij faeultate plena utendi et fru- endi oranibus ijsdera privilegijs, juribus, iraraunitatibus et libertatibus coraraerciorura, terra, marique, in Hispania, Mari Mediterraneo et in oranibus terris et locis, quas Rex Hispan iarura postreraura defunctus terapers mortis tam in Europa, quam alibi possedit, quibus tum utebantur et fruebantur, vel quibus amborura vel singulorura subditi jure ante obi^ura dicti Regis Hispaniarum qusssito, per tractatus, per pacta conventa, per consuetudines, vel per alium quemcuraque rao- dura uti, et frui poterant. Art"' 9"'* Terapore quo dicta transactio, vel pax fiet Foederati inter se convenient de oranibus ijs, quse ad stabiliendura naviga- tionera et coraraercia subditorura Regis Magnas Britannias et Dorainorura Ordinum Generaliura in terris et ditionibus acquirendis, et a postrerao defuncto Hispaniarum Rege pos- sessis necessaria erunt, queraadraodura etiara de raodo quo Domini Ordines Generales per obicera antedictura, vulgo Barriere, securi reddentur. Art™ 10"'- Et quoniara controversias quaedam religionis ergo exoriri possent, in locis a foederatis, uti sperant, arrais occupandis, de exercitio ejus inter se etiara eodera quo supradictura est tempore convenient. Art™ 11™- Foederati se invicem omnibus viribus juvare, et opera ferre contra aggressorera teneantur, si Rex Christianissiraus vel quisquam alius aliquera foederatorura ex causa hujus foederis aggredi sustineat. Art™ 12™- Quod si vel nunc super saepe indigitata satisfactione et securitate transigi queat, vel post susceptura necessario bellum, pax iterum coallescat post talem vel transactionem, vel pacem conclusam, sit, et raaneat seraper inter partes contrahentes 776 THE TREATY BETWEEN fcedus defensivura pro guarantia ejusdera vel transactionis, vel pacis. Art™ 13"'- Ad hujus foederis societatera adraittentur cuncti Reges, Principes et Status qui volent, et quibus pax generalis cordi est ; quoniara Sacri Roraani Iraperij peculiariter interest pa- cera publicara servari, et hie inter alia agatur de recuperandis Iraperij feudis, ad hujus foederis societatera dictum Imperiura speciatira invitabitur, praeterea foederatis conjunctira vel singulis seorsira licitura sit accessionera ad hoc fcedus requir- ere eorum quos requirere ipsis visum fuerit. Art™ 14"'- Ratihabebitur hoc fcedus ab oranibus foederatis intra spa tiura sex septiraanarura, vel citius si fieri poterit. In quorura fidera Nos supraraeraorati Plenipotentiarij praesens fcedus subscriptionibus et sigillis nostris raunivimus. Hagffi Comitura die septirao Septerabris anni raillesirai sep- tingentesirai primi. Signatura erat in singulis instruraentis separatira, scilicet : A parte Cassareas Suas Majestatis, Petrus Comes a Goessen. Joannes Venceslaus Comes Wratislau a Mitrovitz. A parte Regiae Suae Majestatis Magnas Britanniae, Marlborough. Et a parte Dominorura Ordinum Generaliura Uniti Belgij, D. V. EcK. V. Pant™- Heer V. Gent. F. B. V. Rheede. A. Heinsius. V. DE Nassau. E. DE Weede. W. Van Haren. B. J. V. Welvelde, W, Wichers. Appositis sigillis singulorura nominibus. Article Second. Corarae S. A. R. entre, ainsy que dessus, dans tous les engageraents stipules dans le sus dit Traitte de la Grande Alliance Sa Ma*' B^"' proraet reciproqueraent de ratifier et garentir dans tous et un chacun de ses points le Traitte conclu ENGLAND AND SAVOY, IN 1704. 777 a Turin entre S. M" Irap" et Sa d' A. R" le huitierae No- verabre rail sept cents trois, Sa d' M*' B'"' s'engageant gener aleraent, comme elle fait specialement cy apres, a toutes les obligations et garenties portees par le raerae Traitte dont suit la teneur : Postquara Sacra Caesarea Majestas praesens bellura adver sus Domum Burbonicara gravissirais de causis orbi universe affatira notis suscipere coacta fuit et Serenissiraura Principera Dorainura Victorera Araadeura Ducera Sabaudias adjungenda secura arraa efficacibus, et ea potissiraura ratione invitavit, ut proprium successionis jus in monarchiam Hispanicara testa- raento Philippi quarti Regis Hispaniarum gloriosas meraoriae clare stabilitura vindicaret, Sua Celsitudo Regia considerate tura nexu sibi cum Dome Burbonica intercedente, tum situ ditionum suarum ab omni communicatione Iraperiali longe reraotarura hucusque quidem ancipiti deliberatione haesit suspensa, tandem taraen constituit, non solum absque longiori mora invitationem illam et oblatas sibi a Sacra Csesarea Ma jestate conditiones acceptare, verum etiara validissimam ejus dera protectionem expetere adversus improvisara atque inau- ditara violentiam, qua Galliarum Rex contra gentium jura et bonara fidera ejus cohortes Gallias, Hispaniasque in Italia militantes dearmari et captivas attineri, imo et magnam opti- mamque Italic! exercitus sui partem Pedemontium versus movere jussit, ut Regiae Celsitudinis Suae Provincias invadat, eamque penitus oppriraat ; Sua igitur Celsitudo Regia isthoc evident! discriraine et periculoso rerura statu perraota fretaque auxilio a Sacra Cassarea Majestate suo et foederatorura suorum nomine sibi generose oblato. Domino Coraiti ab Auersperg, cui jam a Sacra Cassarea Majestate comraissura erat, Suam Regiam Celsitudinem de perbenigno Sacrse Csesarese Majes tatis erga earadera anirao certiorem facere, suam ineundi cura Sacra Caesarea Majestate, ejusque CoUegatis foederis prompti- tudinera significavit. Curaque ille tam ad assequendam Sacrse Cassareas Majestatis generosara intentionem et infringendos araborura Potentatuum in perniciera Regis Celsitudinis Suae conspirantium primes impetus quam ob proprias, easque luculentissiraas rationes Sacrse Cassareas Majestatis (cujus iraprirais interest Principera qui jara in bello superiori raaxi rae causae coraraunis eraoluraento sese hostium insultibus velut firmum totius Italise murura fortiter objecerat, neque rainus iraprassentiarura utilitatera publicara proraovere et iraprirais ad stabilienda in Italia Augustas Domus Austriacas coraraoda pluriraura ponderis afferre potis est, ab imrainente oppressione servare) sine mora in Pedemontium se contulerit, factum tandera est ut Sacra Caesarea Majestas, et Regia Celsitudo Sua per Plenipotentiarios suos, et noraine quidera Sacras 5c 778 the treaty between Cassareas Majestatis per praedictum Illustrissiraura et Excel- lentissiraura Dorainum Comitera ab Auersperg Sacras Cassar eas Majestatis Consiliariura Status et Caraerariura, ex parte vero Regias Celsitudinis Suas per Illustrissimos et Excellen tissimos Dorainos Marchionera de Prie Ordinis Annuntiationis Beatae Maris Virginis Equitera et Regis Celsitudinis Suae Ministrura Status, et Marchionera de S'" Thoina ejusdem Celsitudinis Regis Ministrum et Primum Secretariura Status exhibitis utrinque Plenipotentiarura suarum diplomatibus in sequentes foederis leges convenerint. Art"' 1™- Erit inter Sacram Cssareara Majestatem et Iraperiura ex una, atque Regiam Suam Celsitudinem ex altera partibus arctura fcedus, unioque firraa ac sincera, et curabit Sacra Cssarea Majestas includi, irao quantura in se est ex nunc proprio, et Imperij nomine includit Regiam Celsitudinem Suam foederi sibi cum .A.nglia, et Dominis Ordinibus Gener alibus Uniti Belgij alijsque Principibus intercedenti ; hu- jusque tractatus scopus principalis erit tuitio seu conservatio justitis, securitatis et tranquillitatis publics, uti et pacis Ryswicensis, ac prscedentium speciatira vero etiara Pyreneae, quo Sua Regia Celsitudo cura Sacra Cssarea Majestate et foederatis in prssenti bello contra Domum Burbonicara, ejus que adhsrentes coraraunicatis consilijs, oranibusque uti infra explanabitur viribus concurret. Art"' 2™- Cura necesse sit in eura finera, et in defensionera Sus Re gis Celsitudinis prster exercitura in Lombardia, ubi bellum omni vigore prosequendum erit per suara Majestatera Cssar eara, alium etiam in Pederaontio congregari. Sacra Cssarea Majestas sine mora tot selectorum et veteranorura railitura suorura agraina in Pederaontiura transraittet prssenti bello durante ibidera perraansura, qus viginti raille horainura nu- raerura constituant, quorura quatuordecira raille pedestres, reliqui vero sex raille equestres existant, qui oranes Sus Re gis Celsitudinis cohortibus uniantur, idque prsstabit Sacra Cssarea Majestas suraptibus proprijs, et de torraentis bellicis, reliquoque apparatu necessario suis copijs providebit. Quod si vero tormenta propter viarura, aliasque diffieultates eo transvehi non possint, Regia Celsitudo sua alia interira hac limitatione subministrabit, ut Sacra Cssarea Majestas de illorum vectura, et officialibus ad ea necessarijs suis impensis prospiciat ; ubi etiara Regia Celsitudo Sua e re fore judica- verit, ut Cssares Copis suis in terris hibernent, Regia Sua Celsitudo illis nihil aliud quara tecta, seu hospitia dare tene- bitur, aliraenta autera, et stipendia a Coraraissariatu Cssareo ENGLAND AND SAVOY, IN 1704. 779 suppeditabuntur, quod ut facilius fieri queat Sua Celsitudo Regia curabit ut prsdictus Coraraissariatus annonam, et coraraeatura pretio currenti coraparare possit. Proraittit e contra Sua Regia Celsitudo se quoque railitura copias usque ad nuraerum quindecim raille horainura in stipendijs habitu- ram, quarura eara partera in carapura educet, quara coraraunis causs utilitas exiget, Suarumque arciura securitas patietur ; quapropter licitura erit Regis Sus Celsitudini in Iraperio railites publice legere, illosque per terras Iraperij secundura raores et leges ibi receptas abducere. Art"' 3™- Supreraura iraperium in utroque exercitu, tara qui in Pederaontio, quara qui in Longobardia aget, habebit Sua Celsitudo Regia, illoruraque raotus et operationes sub auspicijs Sacrs Cssares Majestatis diriget, prout communis utilitas, et necessitas id exegerint ; similiter etiara melioris servitij Cssarei et publics rei promovends ergo Coraraissar iatus Sacrs Cssares Majestatis bellicus in oranibus, et quoad orania a directione Sus Regis Celsitudinis dependebit. Art"' 4"'- Habebit Sua Regia Celsitudo a Serenissiraa Magns Bri tannis Regina et a Dorainis Ordinibus Uniti Belgij conjunc tira subsidiura octoginta millium scutorum vel ducatorum quos de banco vocant, singulis raensibus, quod incipiet currere a die tertia Octobris ut pote qua die Regia Celsitudo Sua rupturara contra Galliara Taurini publicavit : Habebit simil iter Sua Regia Celsitudo a prsfatis Potentijs suraraara centum milliura scutorum vel ducatorum de banco pro prirais belli suraptibus etapparatibus semel tan tura, idque sine dirainutione subsidij menstrui exsolvendum ; quod quidera subsidiura sin gulis quibusque bimestribus, sibi anticipate nuraerabitur, et pro suraraa dictorura Centura millium scutorum, prout etiam pro ea primi biraestris transraittentur litters bancaris sine mora vel Augustara Taurinorum, aut ad alia vicina loca unde raemorats suraras coramode extrabi possint, ut quarapriraum eisdem Sua Regia Celsitudo pro urgentijs uti valeat. Art™ 5™- Sacra Cssarea Majestas in corapensationera dignara egregii fervoris quo Regia Celsitudo Sua status suos, et propriam personam pro rationibus Augustissiras Doraus, et causs coraraunis, tara utili, taraque necessario exponit sacrificio, habitaque consideratione, tura hujus commodi et necessitatis publics, tum etiam renuntiationum a Regia Sua Celsi tudine infra factarura circa Dotera et Dotales pensiones defuncts Infantis Catharins Ducisss Sabaudis eidera Regis Celsitu dini corapetentes, ex absoluta, et plena potestate Cssarea, 5 c 2 780 THE TREATY BETWEEN habito etiam debito respectu ad fortes prstensiones Sabaudis Domus, cedit, et transfert in Regiam Celsitudinera Suam, ejusque descendentes et successores illam Ducatus Montis- ferratensis partem, de qua Duces Mantus investiti fuere, omnesque, et singulas urbes, castella, pages, terras, et loca eo pertinentia cura omni proprietate, dominio, jurisdictione, regalibus, redditibus, ac demum omnibus quibuscumque ju ribus et rationibus eo pertinentibus, vel inde dependentibus sine ulla exceptione sub Iraperatoribus et Sacro Roraano Im perio in perpetuura tenenda et possidenda, prout ea Duces Mantus hactenus tenuerunt et possederunt, aut tenere et possidere valuissent; et Sacra Cssarea Majestas in semet recipit onus prsstandi inderanes oranes qui nunc vel in futu rura in euradera Ducatura Montisferrati prstensionera ali quam forraare possent ita ut Regia Celsitudo Sua, ejusque descendentes et successores seraper in quieta possessione raeraorati Ducatus raanere, neque ullo unquara terapore mo lestia qusdam sub quovis prstextu illis creari debeat. Art"' 6"'- Prsterea Sacra Cssarea Majestas ut reraunerationera suam utilitati ex dicto Sus Regis Celsitudinis sacrificio in Augus- tissiraam Doraura, et causam coramunera redundanti raagis adsquantara reddat, alijsque etiara de causis et raotivis su- praineraoratis ulterius cedit, et transfert in Regiara Celsitu dinem Suam, ejusque descendentes et successores una cura orani proprietate dorainio et jurisdictione Provincias Alexan- dris et Valentis cum omnibus terris intra Padum et Tanarura sitis, itera Provinciara qus dicitur Lumellina et Vallera Selsis cura oranibus urbibus, castellis, pagis, terris, locis, regalibus, redditibus, ac generaliter oranibus quibuscuraque juribus et rationibus eo pertinentibus vel inde dependentibus, nulla re excepta; ita pariter sub Iraperatoribus et Sacro Roraano Iraperio tenenda et possidenda, prout ea defuncti Reges His- panis tenuerunt et possederunt, sive tenere et possidere val uerunt, eura in finera Sacra Cssarea Majestas in perpetuura separat prsdicta territoria et loca a Statu Mediolanensi, ac derogat, in quantum ad hoc requiritur, orani ei quod prsfats cession! et separation! quovis raodo contrarium esse vel censeri posset ; salvo taraen etiara per orania ut supra Iraperij directo dorainio ; et ubi inter prsfatas regiones ut supra cessas aliqui invenirentur pagi vel loca eis coraraixta, aut circumsepta universitatem coraponentia, ab eisdera tamen non dependentia, quatenus non sint ultra quatuor, sub hac etiam cessione coraprehendantur. Quod si quatuor pagorura seu locorum ut supra numerum excedant, congrua de excedentibus fiet perrautatio ex squo arbitrio Commissariorura hinc inde ad id eligendorura. ENGLAND AND SAVOY, IN 1704. 781 Art"' 7™- Et quandoquidem Sacra Cssarea Majestas translationem in Regiam Suam Celsitudinem prsdictarura Provinciarura sive membrorum Status Mediolanensis jam ante secura con- stituerat, euraque in finera Domino Coraiti ab Auersperg mandatura et facultatera dederat vigore Plenipotentis sus prstactas Provincias istas Regis Sus Celsitudini cedendi, hinc nunc etiara proraittit, se intra spatiura triura mensium proxiraorura a Serenissirae filio suo Archiduce Carolo jam proclamato Rege Hispaniarum ratihabitionera hujus tractatus, atque in specie suprameraorats cessionis prsfatarum portio- nura Statiis Mediolanensis, ut pote rei hisce teraporum cir- curastantijs ipsiraet Regi ad scopura, et coraraoda sua conse-: quenda per quara proficus procuraturura. Art"' 8™- Urbes Alexandris et Valentis cedantur una cura raunition- ibus in eo quo nunc sunt statu, fortificationes autera raortaris relicto simplici mure statim a facta pace suraptibus Sus Regis Celsitudinis solo squentur, nee unquara reedificentur ; quod Casaliura attinet, placuit ut perpetuo reraaneat et conservetur eo in statu quo redactura fuit tempore redditionis de anno raillesimo sexcentesimo nonagesimo quinto, ita taraen ut liceat Sus Regis Celsitudini prsdictara civitatem siraplici rauro vallare neque eidera Regis Celsitudini vel successoribus suis alias construere arces in locis prsdictis supracessis licitura esto. De reliquo omnes urbes loca et muniraenta supracessa Sus Regis Celsitudini cura omnibus torraentis bellicis com- raeatu, annona armis et alijs apparatibus railitaribus ad ea loca pertinentibus, nee non docuraentis litterarijs et titulis ilia concernentibus extradantur. Art"' 9"'- Pateat copijs railitaribus ex Statu Mediolanensi Finariara, et versus ditionera Genuensera et vicissira ex ditione Genuensi et Finariensi in Mediolanensera deducendis quoties opus fuerit liber transitus per Montisferratura, idque breviori qua fieri potest via, cui definiends deputabuntur ab utraque parte Coraraissarij qui siraul de norraa ejusraodi transitus quot vi delicet ille copijs, quaque vice concedendus, quantura terapo- ris inter unura alterumve interponendum, et qualiter notifi- catio prsmittenda sit, specialiter convenient, solventque ills Copis transeuntes pro annona et cibarijs pretium currens, et quidquid ad eas pertinens ilia via devehetur, liber quoque reraaneat transitus pro vehendo sale a ditione Genuensi in Statura Mediolanensera et iraraunis perpetuo ab omni vecti- gali Sus Regis Celsitudini debito, ita taraen ut liceat eidem Regis Celsitudini oranimodo prscavere ne sal hujusmodi in Status suos refundatur. 782 THE TREATY BETWEEN Art™ 10"'- Prsdicts cessiones integrum suum sortientur effectum quocumque tempore, et raodo prssens bellura finiatur post subscriptionera hujus Tractatus ita ut qualiscuinque sequatur pax vel corapositio Sacra Cssarea Majestas illas cessiones ex nunc tueri, et prsdicts terrs Sus Regis Celsitudini, ejus que successoribus in perpetuura cesss raanere debeant. Art™ 11™- Teneatur Sacra Cssarea Majestas Sus Regis Celsitudini dare actualera et plenara possessionem, integramque proprie- tatem Statuura supracessorura, quatenus successive occupa- buntur, quod ut quanto citius fiat nullis parcetur viribus, habita seraper juxta dispositionera articuli tertij ratione boni coraraunis et rautus necessitatis. Art"' 12™- Vult quoque Sacra Cssarea Majestas diploma quod Sus Regis Celsitudini die octava Februarij anno supra raillesimum et sexcentesiraum nonagesimo pro acquisitione certorum feu dorura in eo recensitorum concessit, in integro per omnia manere vigore et in perpetuura libero, et plenario gaudere effectu, ita ut ejus tenori nulla unquara ratione prsjudicari debeat; quapropter illud expresse prssenti articulo confirraat, et vi hujus pariter orane jus, aut exercitium juris quod Statui Mediolanensi, sive appendentis, sive alio quocunque titulo in ea feuda competere posset, in Suam Regiam Celsitudinera transfert, earaque siraul orani sre, quod sibi pro concessione dicti diploraatis adhuc deberi ulla ratione potest, penitus liberat, queraadraodura Sua Regia Celsitudo vicissira oranibus qus sibi apud Coraraissariatura Cssareura reliqua esse possent creditis renuntiat. Art™ 13™- Obstringit se Sacra Cssarea Majestas pro se et successori bus suis quod jus successionis Regis Sus Celsitudini in Monarchiara Hispanicara juxta declarationera testaraentariam Philippi Quarti quondam Hispaniarum Regis glorioss me- moris competens integrura ac illssum servare, et nee in bello, nee in tractatu futurs pacis aut compositionis consentire velit, ut ullum ei prsjudicium afferatur neque etiara perraittere unquara, ut prs Sua Celsitudine Regia tertius aliquis in prsfatara Monarchiara aut ullara ejus partera introducatur. Irao pro raajori cautela dictorura juriura, et pro securitate ac conservatione naturalis positionis Sabaudis Derails ejusque ditionura, quarura suramopere interest nunquam ab Augus tissiras Domiis, et Romani Iraperij coraraunicatione disjungi, Sacra Cssarea Majestas in litteris Invstiturs Statuura supra- ENGLAND AND SAVOY, IN 1704. 783 cessorum se recognituram proraittit idem jus iraraediatum Sus Regis Celsitudinis post Augustissiraara Doraura in Monarchiara Hispanicara succedendi, cum appositione clau- suls, quod Sua Regia Celsitudo, ejusque successores nunc pro tunc, quatenus opus fuerit, investiti censeantur et mane- ant. Art™ 14"^- Renuntiat Regia Sua Celsitudo pro se, hsredibus, et successoribus suis omnibus juribus et actionibus qus sibi, et illis ratione dotis, et censuum residuorum defuncts Infantis Catharins fills Cattolici quondam Regis Phillipi Secundi Ducisss Sabaudis competunt, aut competere possunt, de- claratque Sua Regia Celsitudo pro se, et hsredibus suis Dotera istam et residuas pensiones supramemoratis cessionibus plenarie pensatas et solutas esse, adeo ut hoc titulo nee ipse, nee ejus successores ullo unquara tempore a Corona Hispanis quidquam prstendere possint aut debeant. Art™ 15™- Quando benedicente divino nuraine Cssareis et Sabaudicis arrais recuperata fuerit Lombardia Hispanica, omnes adhibe- buntur vires, non tantum ad reliqua in Italia Hispanic! juris regna et provincias recuperandas (permanente tamen seraper ad tutelam Pedemontij, nee non Status Mediolanensis eo exercitu viginti millium Imperiahura, de quo supra in articulo secundo) sed etiam ad ilium tractum acquirendum qui eis Montera Genebrs situs est, quo raagis communis securitas stabiliatur, ac militis Gallics omnis subsistentis locus eis Alpes adimatur : acquisitio autem istius tractus inter Pede montium et Montera Genebrs solius erit Regis Sus Celsitu dinis, ejusque successorum et spondet Sacra Cssarea Majestas tam proprio quam foederatorum nomine in futuris pacis tracta tibus omnem operara adhibitum iri, ut acquisitio hsc Seren issirae Due! integra maneat, et inconvulsa. Art™ 16"" Ratificabit Sacra Cssarea Majestas prssentem tractatum suo, et Imperij nomine, concedetque E^gis Sus Celsitudini ad quamvis ejus requisitionera Investituras Statuura, sive ditionura cessarum juxta tenorera Invesriturarura a Carolo Quinto Regi PhiUipo Secundo, ejusque successoribus, et Ducibus Mantus respective concessarum, cum sola restrictione ad lineam raasculinam, tam Serenissimi Ducis quam Princi- pum hujus Domus, similiter obstricta erit Sacra Cssarea Majestas Regiam Suam Celsitudinem investire juxta earadem forraam, et tenorera Investiturs jara concesss a Ferdinando secundo sub anno millesimo sexcentesimo trigesirao secundo 784 THE TREATY BETWEEN de ilia quoque parte Montisferrati, qus a Sua Regia Celsitu dine ante possessa, et virtute pacis WestphaHcs tractatum Cheracensera confirmantis acquisita est. Art"' 17"'- "Tenebitur insuper Sacra Cssarea Majestas approbationem hujus tractatus reportare a Serenissiraa Regina Magns Bri tannis, Ordinibus Generalibus Foederati Belgij et reliquis principalioribus collegatis, adeo ut in tutelara suam seu guarantiara suscipiant prsdictas cessiones, easque defendant ut integrura sortiantur effectum quocumque raodo sequatur pax vel corapositio, et pro raajori hujus articuli securitate diets cessiones inter conditiones prsliminares sine quibus ad pacis tractationem deveniri non poterit comprehendentur ; obligabunt se pariter diets Potentis eodera raodo et forma qua se obligavit Sacra Cssarea Majestas articulo decimo quinto circa acquisitionera et raanutentionera Terrarura eis Montera Genebrs sitarura in favorera Sus Regis Celsitudi nis, ac ulterius se speciatira velut ad factura proprium obli gabunt, post Augustissiraara Doraura Austriacara jus imrae- diatura in Monarchiam Hispanicara Regis Sus Celsitudini illssum servare, neque condescendere, aut tractatum inire unquara quo huic juri ullo raodo prsjudicetur, seu prs Dorao Sabaudica Princeps aliquis tertius in aliquos ex prs dictis Monarchis Hispanics Statibus introducatur. Art"' 18™- Sacra Cssarea Majestas, ejusque foederats Potestates nullam inibunt pacem conventiones aut inducias, quin Regia Sua Celsitudo in omnia loca et ditiones ab hostibus forte occupandas restituatur, adeo ut hsc restitutio pariter con- ditionibus prslirainaribus, sine quibus ad dictos tractatus procedi nequeat inserenda sit. Art"' 19"'- Queraadraodura Sacra Cssarea Majestas et Potentatus Confoederati nullara oranino inire poterunt pacera compositio- nem, aut nequam sine inclusione Sus Regis Celsitudinis eo quo supradictura est raodo, ita vicissira teneatur Sua Regia Celsitudo inseparabiliter adhsrere, et raanere unita Sacrs Cssares Majestati et corarauni foederi, ejusque rationes armis suis juvare usque ad conclusionem pacis, nee ulla ratione se ab ijs separare illi fas sit. Et hsc est una ex conditionibus prscipuis, ac uti dici solet sine qua non, prsdictarura ces- sionum, qus ultimum suum et plenum demura robur, et effectum ab integra et accurata hujus conditionis executione accipient. Nos Plenipotentiarij supra nominati vi nostrorura respect- ENGLAND AND SAVOY, IN 1704. 785 ive mandatorura prssentem Tractatum conclusimus, et fir- mavimus, eique arraorura nostrorura sigilla apposuimus ; pro raittentes nos nostrorura respective Dominorura Comraittenti- ura ratihabitiones, et quidem Sacrs Cssares Majestatis intra tres septiraanas a Serenissiraa Regia Celsitudine autera intra octiduura procuraturos. Datura Augusts Taurinorura die octava Noverabris anno raillesirao septingentesirao tertio. Il Conte d' Auersperg. Il M^ di Prie. De St. Thomas. L, S, L, S, L, S, Article Troisierae. La connoissance que Sa Majeste Britannique a des irapor- tants services que S. A. R. a rendus, et qu' elle peut rendre a la cause coraraune, la convie a desirer I'accroisseraent de ses Etats et de ses forces, pour qu'elle ait plus de raoyens de luy estre utile, voulant luy donner une preuve plus particuliere du veritable interest qu'elle y prend, s'oblige et proraet ex- presseraent de garentir et maintenir toutes les cessions faites par I'Empereur en faveur de S. A. R'' et ses successeurs en vertu du Traitte susdit du huitieme Novembre rail sept cents trois, s9avoir de la partie du Duche de Monferrat dont les Dues de Mantoue ont este investis, des Provinces d'Alexan- drie et de Valence, avec toutes les terres qui se trouvent entre le Po etle Taner, de la Province de la Loraelline, de la Vallee de Sesia, et des terres qui se trouverent entre les susdits pays cedes, en tout et par tout comme il est porte et explique par les articles cinquierae et sixieme du traitte susmentionne, telleraent que les dites cessions ayent pour toujours leur entier effet, quelque traitte qui se puisse faire de paix, ou d' accomraodement, declarant qu'elles seront coraprinses dans les prelirainaires pour une des conditions, sans les quelles on n'en pourra jamais venir a aucune negociation de paix. Article Quatrieme. En outre Sa Ma" Bi"' proraet de ne jamais donner les mains, ny conclurre aucun traitte de paix, accomraodement ou treve sans que S.A.R. soit entierement retablie dans tous les etats qui pourroient luy estre occupes par les ennemis, la quelle restitution des dits etats occupes devra aussy estre comprise dans les prelirainaires, corarae il est porte par I'ar- ticle precedent. Article Cinquierae. _ Deplus Sa M" B?"' ayant fort a coeur tout ce qui regarde I'lnterest public, et desirant particulierement de contribuer par toutes sortes de raoyens a la seurete des Etats de S.A.R. en ostant a la France le pied qu'elle a en de9a des Alpes, et 5d 786 THE TREATY BETWEEN raettant le Mont Genevre pour barriere contre cette Couronne, s'engage de faire tous ses efforts au traitte de la paix generale pour I'acquisition du pays qui est en de9a du dit Mont Gene vre au profit de S.A.R. en sorte qu'elle et ses successeurs en puissent jouir a perpetuite en toute souverainete. Article Sixierae. Sa Ma" Bi"' S9achant le droit notoire et incontestable qui appartient a S. A. R'' et qui a este declare par le testament du Roy Philippe Quatrieme Roy d'Espagne de glorieuse memoire a la succession de la Monarchic d'Espagne immedi- atement apres la Maison d'Autriche s'engage specialement corarae pour fait propre a le maintenir dans son entier, pro raettant qu'elle ne consentira jaraais a aucun traitte de paix, ou accoraraoderaent ny n'en signera jamais aucun dans le quel on peust donner quelque atteinte au dit droit, et qu'elle ne perraettra jaraais qu' aucun Prince tiers preferableraent a Sa d' A. R. soit introduit, et etabli dans aucun des etats de la dite Monarchic d'Espagne, Article Septieme, Sa M" Bi"' pour donner a S. A. R'' des preuves reeles de son amitie et de I'interest qu'elle prend a sa conservation et luy fournir les raoyens de mieux contribuer au bien de la cause commune, s'oblige de luy donner un secours de soixante six raille six cents soixante six ecus, et deux tiers pour une fois tant seulement pour les preraiers frais de cette guerre, et deplus elle luy etablit un subside par raois de cinquante trois raille trois cents trente trois ecus et un tiers qu'elle proraet de payer toujours ponctuelleraent deux raois d'avance dans la presente ville de Turin, en comptant I'ecus sur le pied de quatre vingts deux sols raonnoye courante de Pieraont et ce a coraraencer dez le troisierae Octobre de I'annee derniere rail sept cents trois jour de la declaration de S. A. R. contre la France, et a continuer durant le cours de la presente guerre, et deux raois apres. Article Huitieme. En consideration du subside specific dans le precedent article, et de celuy de vingt six mille six cents soixante six ecus, et deux tiers, au quel doivent s'obhger leurs Hautes Puissances les Seigneurs Etats Generaux des Provinces Unies des Pays-bas par le traitte que S. A. R. doit aussy conclurre avec eux, le tout faisant la sorarae de quatre vingt mille ecus par mois, Sa d' A. R. s'oblige d'entretenir toujours sur pied un corps de ses propres troupes de quinze mille hommes S9av- oir douze mille de pied et trois mille chevaux, et plus s' il se pourra, durant le cours de la presente guerre, du quel corps ENGLAND AND SAVOY, IN 1704. 787 de quinze mille hommes, elle en envoyera tous les ans en campagne le plus grand norabre qu' exigera I'interest de la cause comraune, eu egard a la seurete de ses places : Sa*' A. R. se charge deplus de faire fournir les arraes, le pain, et les raunitions de guerre a tous les refugiez qui viendront ser vir dans les Vallees durant aussy le cours de la presente guerre, afin qu'ils agissent utileraent pour le service de la cause coraraune. Article Neuvieme. Pour une plus grande marque de la passion que S. A. R. a de cimenter encore par toutes sortes de raoyens cette etroite union et correspondence avec Sa M" Bi"' Sa d' A.R. desirant qu'elle passe aussy entre les sujets de part et d'autre, par I'introduction du coraraerce que Sa d' Ma" a pareillement teraoigne souhaiter pour I'avantage reciproque des nations, proraet de donner toute sorte de protection pour le bon succes du dit coraraerce. Elle ordonnera a cet effet le reglement du Tariffe de la Douane sur les raarchandises d'Angleterre et d'Irlande, qui entreront dans ses Etats, en observant la raerae proportion que pour celles qui viennent de France et autres pays etrangers, par rapport a leur qualite et leur prix, et quant aux raarchandises de transit, on reduira le droit de transit de traitte au tiers raoins de ce qui est porte par le Tariffe. Nous Plenipotentiaires susdits en vertu de nos pleinspouv- oirs respectifs, avons conclu, arreste et signe le present Traitte, et a iceluy fait apposer le cachet de nos arraes, en proraettant respectiveraent I'entiere et inviolable observation, et nous obligeant d'en fournir les ratifications en bonne et deue forrae, s9avoir de Sa Majeste Britannique dans six se- raaines, et de S.A.R. dans huit jours. Fait a Turin le qua- trierae jour du mois d'Aoust I'an de Grace mil sept cents quatre. Rich"' Hill. C. E"- D. Vernon. L, S, L, S, Anna Dei Gratia Magns Britannis, Francis et Hibernis Regina, Fidei Defensor, &c : Omnibus et singulis ad quos prssentes litters pervenerint, Salutera. Cura eo prscipue Consilia nostra orania tendant ut publics totius Europs sa- luti consulatur, euraque in finera raaxirae intersit, ut fcedus arctioris necessitudinis, et intiraioris amicitis inter Nos et Serenissiraura Principera Dorainura Victorera Araadeura Du cera Sabaudis, Principera Pederaontanura, Marchionera Sa- lusss, Cevs, Coraitera Genevs, Dominum Vercells, fratrem consanguineura et amicura, nostrura charissiraum, quampri- mura ineatur et concludatur. Curaque opera viri cujusdam 5d2 788 the TREATY BETWEEN in arduis negotijs versati ad opus tam egregium uti necesss fuerit, sciatis igitur quod nos fide industria experientia et prudentia fidelis et See page 765. 5f 802 SUGGESTIONS FROM FRIENDS OF THE VAUDOIS, ETC. touts les souverains de reclamer leur sujets, lorsqu'on les fait souffrir a son egard. II pourra encore s' informer si Mons. Paul Blachon n' est pas a Turin ; s' il y est il pourra par son moyen faire avertir Mons. le Ministre Malanot, ministre a Angrogne, et le Mi nistre Leger, Doyen des Pasteurs des Vallees, qui estoit pas- teur a Boby, et a present est a Ville Seche dans la Vallee de St. Martin ; ces trois Mess" luy pourront donner des amples inforraations des affaires des Vallees. From Mr, Hill to the Duke of Savoy, Aoust, le 9', 1699. Monseigneur, Le Roy de le Grande Bretagne, raon Maitre, m'envoye aupres de V. A, R.,' pour luy feliciter sur la naissance du Serenissirae Prince de Piedmont : Prince heureux et beni ! qui semble avoir ete donne du Ciel aux voeux, et aux besoigns de plusieurs peuples. S. M. m'ordonne bien expresseraent de raarquer a V.A.R., la joye et la satisfaction toutes particulieres qu'elle a eu dans cette heureuse occasion et de teraoigner au raerae teraps a V.A.R. la part qu'elle prendra tousjours en tout ce qui re garde la gloire et les interets de cette auguste raaison de Sa voye, tousjours araie de la couronne d'Angleterre. Le Roy ra' ordonne aussi de donner a V. A. R., toutes les assurances les plus serieuses de son araitie, de son estirae, et de sa confidence, dans toute leur plus grande etendue. Permettez moy aussi, Monseigneur, de rae rejouir dans raon particulier d'avoir en si belle occasion de faire la reverence a V. A. R., dont la vertu et la raerite, 1' elevation de coeur et la grandeur d' arae, ont attire les regardes, les attentions, et la veneration de toute 1' Europe. From Mr, Hill to the Duchess qf Savoy, le 9' d'Aoust. Madame, Le Roy de la Grande Bretagne, mon Maitre, m'ordonne de faire ses compliraens les plus tendres et les plus respectueux, qu' il rae sera possibles a V. A. R. en luy felicitant sur la naissance du Serenissirae Prince de Piedmont : ou plutot, S. M. ra' ordonne de vous remercier Mad""' d' avoir mis un si beau Prince au raonde, dans un teraps que 1' on eu avoit le plus de besoign. Le Roy veut tousjours temoigner la part qu' il prend en tout ce qui regarde les interets de cette auguste I See page 798. MR. HILL TO THE DUCHESS OF SAVOY, ETC. 803 maison de Savoye : raais S. M. s'interesse encore bien particu- liereraent en ce que V. A. R. fait pour 1' iraraortalite de cette raaison, et de celle d'Angleterre : ce sont ces corarauns interets d'un raeme sang royal dont vous sortez touts deux, et les eclatantes vertus de V. A. R., qui ont attire toute 1' estime et toute la tendresse du Roy, mon maitre, et toute la plus pro- fonde veneration de ses sujets. From Mr, Hill to the Duchess-Dowager of Savoy, le 9* d'Aoust. Madame, Le Roy de la Grande Bretagne, mon Maitre, m'ordonne de faire ses compliraens bien respectueuseraent a V. A. R., pour la feliciter sur la naissance du Serenissirae Prince de Piedraont. S. M. a bien voulu profiter de cette belle occasion, pour teraoigner a V. A. R. la part qu' elle prend tousjours dans tout ce qui regarde les interets de cette auguste raaison de Savoye, et de ce sang iraraortel des Roys Saxons, qui a tous jours uni cette couronne avec celle d'Angleterre. S. M. m' ordonne en raerae teraps de raarquer son estirae (it, sa veneration toutes particulieres pour V. A. R., qui a donne tant de preuves de sa capacite pendant sa regence, et de sa raoderation du depuis : que la force de son esprit et la ginerosite de son coeur puissent donner des raodelles a toutes les Princesses de I'Univers. Mr, Hill's Account of his visit to Turin,^ My Lord, I have now taken leave of his Royal Highness, and of the Court of Turin, and therefore it is tirae that I give your Lordship sorae account of ray journey. So soon as I had re ceived his Majesty's orders, at the Hague, to go and raake the necessary compliments to the Duke of Savoy upon the birth of the Prince of Piedraont, I went the nearest way I could find from Bruxelles, viz., through Champagne, and Burgundy, to Lyons ; from thence, through Savoy by Chamberry, over the Mont Cenis, so to Suze, and to Turin. As I went through France, I could not but observe great raarks of poverty in all • This document, characteristic as it is of Mr. HUl, and exhibiting as it does his habits of business and observation, noticing also sorae political affairs illustrative of the history ofthe times, and ftirnishing a portrait of the Duke of Savoy, is in Mr. Hill's own hand. The Editor, however, fears that it is not complete, bearing neither date nor signature. It is all of it, however, that he has met with. 5f2 804 MR, hill's account of his visit to TURIN, the villages, but great raagnificence in the towns. This is the natural effect of an absolute and powerful governraent, which will not suffer any gentleraan to live at horae in the country ; but it is also, in ray opinion, a raark of great riches to see the whole nobility, and gentry, and dignified clergy, of a great kingdora all crowded into the great towns ; where the houses, the furniture, the equipages, the garaing, and other sorts of luxury require far greater expenses than in country seats. At Rheiras, at Dijon, and at Bonne, I could learn what a prodigious quantity of wines was sent every year, during the late war, into Flanders, and Holland, and Gerraany. And I am persuaded that the buying of wines, and brandies from France, and selling horses to thera during the whole course of the war, was one of the greatest faults which the allies did corarait. I observed in Burgundy great inquisition was raade after sorae who were accused, or suspected, of Quietisra, Several priests were seized ; sorae were escaped. The King's officers, that is procureurs du roy, or Lieutenant-crirainels, not any ecclesiastical judges, were employed in these raatters, Lyons is a very great and beautiful town : the situation is very advantageous for coraraerce by the help ofthe two great rivers which run through it, or by it, and by its neighbour hood to Italy, Switzerland, and sorae part of the Erapire, But Lyons has suffered of late by the loss of several of its Protes tant inhabitants, who have helped to carry away the raanufac- tures of silk to England, Holland, and Switzerland. The late war did not the least damage to this town, excepting only while the English squadrons were in the Mediterranean, which interrupted their trade to the Levant which is very consider able. The last three or four years produced so very little silk, that the poor silkweavers suffered extremely. The war with Savoy was of great benefit to this town, which served for a general magazine for all things which were consumed by the forces which were eraployed that way. The bank of Lyons, which is so faraous, is purely iraaginary, not built upon any real funds, as are those of London, Arasterdam, and Hamburg. The use and convenience of this bank is this, all payments are raade at Lyons four tiraes in the year, i, e., every three raonths. At those tiraes all traders raeet, debtors and creditors. Every one brings an abstract ofthe balance of their accounts, and so they tranfer frora one to another, and pay their debts by rencountering, which is due to every [one:] and this is what they call il giro di banco. If any one does owe more than he finds due to hira, he raust supply that overplus in raoney, or sorae other way. If any one wants funds to dis charge his debts, as it often happens, then he raust get time MR. hill's account OF HIS VISIT TO TURIN, 805 till next payment, i. e,, three months, and raust be content to pay interest for those three raonths according to the cour' price as it happens at the time of payment, which is frora one to three per c' for three raonths. At the tirae I passed, these actions were at three per c', that is, he who was to pay his debts then, and had not wherewithal, raust pay the sarae capital at the next payraent, i. e., three raonths hence, with an interest of 3 per c*, which is at the rate of 12 per c' per an. It seldom hap pens that the interest of the bank runs so high ; and this could not proceed but from a slowness in trade, or a present scarcity of raoney, I could not but observe, as I went through Savoy, that the people were in no great transports of joy at their re turn to the obedience of their natural Prince. They found theraselves well under the French domination, because the great consumption of the arraies filled the country with rao ney. They sold every thing which they could spare at what rate they pleased, and the French Intendants encouraged thera to do so, well knowing how to get it back again frora them : be sides, the Duke of Savoy had taxed, and does tax, this poor people so severely, that they cannot fall into severer hands. When I arrived at Turin, his Royal Highness was gone to the waters of S' Maurice, which is in the country of the Ori sons, where his Highness had drunk the waters the two pre ceding sumraers. I could notlearnfor what indisposition it was, except for the preventing of defiuxions to which his Highness has been always subject. Sorae people I found who do believe these waters raight have contributed soraething to the birth of the Prince of Piedraont : and therefore his Highness raight be willing to try their virtue once raore. Besides, the Physi cians at S' Maurice are wise enough to persuade every body who coraes thither to drink the waters : that it is necessary to drink thera three years together. So soon as I was arrived I sent a corapliraent to the Master ofthe Cereraonies, at least to him who executes that employraentin the absence ofthe Comte de Vernon, who is now ambassador at Paris : and at the sarae tirae, I went privately to make a visit to Mons. de la Tour, Chief Secretary of war, and Intendant ofthe fortifications and buildings. The Master of the Ceremonies came to rae irarae diately, and told rae his Royal Highness had given orders be fore his departure that I should be lodged and defrayed, &c. I raade sorae difficulty to accept these honours in the ab sence of his Royal Highness ; but I was overruled, and sub- raitted. I went to dine with Mons. de la Tour, and thence went to ray own quarters, frora whence the Master of the Ce reraonies fetched me, in one of his Royal Highness's coaches, to the house of Mons. Grondan, General ofthe Household, where I was lodged and treated by his Royal Highness's officers per fectly well, so long as I stayed at Turin ; though there is nei- 806 MR. hill's account of his VISIT TO TURIN. ther beef, nor veal, nor mutton, which an Englishman can eat. My first care was to engage ray Master of Cereraonies to in forra Madarae Royale, or the Duchess-Dowager, and Madame La Duchesse, how impatient I was to have the honour to wait upon their R. R. H. H., and to make my court to them. They were both graciously pleased to give rae private audiences, and to adrait me afterwards every day at noon, and at evening, to be a constant courtier at their circles. Madarae Royale, raother to his Royal Highness, is a Princess of the House of Nevers, contracted first to the last Duke of Lorrain, and afterwards raarried to the late Duke of Savoy. She is sister to the late Queen of Portugal, and during the minority ofher son would fain have raarried hira to the Infanta of Portugal, since deceased, who was then heir apparent to that crown. She was willing to put a crown upon her son's head, and to secure to herself the government of his domin ions during his absence. She has been a beautiful Princess, and is so still. During her regency she lost no occasion to shew her generosity, and raagnificence, which is well reraem- bered by the people, and not forgot by her son. She keeps her Court apart in the old palace or castle ; and a very great and decent Court she has, which costs about ^ livres, of Pied raont, per annura, i. e., about £20,000 sterling. Her High ness has all the satisfactions which she can procure to herself: has the precedence of her daughter-in-law in all rencount ers : visits as raany nunneries as she pleases, but has nothing to do in anything which relates to the public: has scarce leave to choose her own doraestics. The Duchess of Savoy, daughter to the Duke of Orleans by our late Princess [Henrietta] sister to King Charles [II,] and King Jaraes, [II,] is a very virtuous, good Princess, raade up of coraplaisance for the Duke her husband, and of good nature, and indulgence for the rest of the world. She is healthful, and well shaped, and proraises a nuraerous issue. Her Highness was pleased to carry rae to see the young Prince of Piedraont, the subject of ray journey, who is the raost lusty, prosperous, and thriving child that ever was seen. I had also the honour to wait upon Mad' the Princess, second daughter to his Royal Highness, and sister to the Duchess of Burgundy, to whom she is as like as is possible. This Princess is about ten years old, very well shaped, but not likely to be tall. She is bred up with the hopes of wearing a crown as well as her sister. I stayed one week at Turin raaking my court to these Princesses, and to visit the rainister ; and then I went to Milan to visit his Highness the Prince of Vauderaont, now Governor and Captain-general of that country, late General of his Majesty's arraies in Flanders, for whom I always had a mighty veneration. I stayed at Milan six days, where I was MR. hill's account OF HIS VISIT TO TURIN. 807 lodged in the Palace, and treated with such distinctions as I could in no ways expect. I made haste back to Turin, to be there some days before his Royal Highness. So soon as he was corae, I sent the Master of Ceremonies to know when his Royal Highness would give me audience, and to say that if his High ness was any ways wearied or indisposed with his journey, I would stay for my public audience very willingly ; but that I should be impatient till I had, at least in private, had the ho nour to salute his Highness, et de luy faire la reverence. I received for answer, that his Royal Highness would give me audience the next morning, &:c. In pursuance to which or ders, the Master of Cereraonies came to me, but brought no coach, except the sarae coach and two horses, with two foot men of the Court, which always attended on me. In this slender equipage, accompanied by ray own footmen, I went to Court, just as I used to go every day, with this ordy difference, now the coach went softiy, and the footmen walked before the coach, instead of going before and behind it. When 1 carae to Court I found tbe guards below ranged in a hedge, but without arms, and no officers at their head. Above stairs, in tbe first hall, I found the Swiss guards in the same posture, and in the next room the hfe guEirds in two rows, but without arras, or officers ; and no officer, or chamberlain, or gendeman, met me. My Master of Ceremonies only carried me to the very room where his Highness was under his canopy covered. So soon as I began my bows, his Royal Highness uncovered himself, and came down from the Strade to receive rae, and then, returning upon the Strade, made roora for rae to get up upon fhe Strade also, and to make my compliments to his Roy^ Highness, and to deliver his Majesty's letter, &:c. His Highness made me a long answer full of studied and ele gant expressions of great respect, and veneration, and sub raission, for the King our Master, and of raighty acknowledg ments for the protection which he had received frora his Majesty, and which he would always labour to deserve. Af ter this his Highness descended to say many gracious trad obliging things to me : inviting me to La Veneria, where he was to go the next day, and to spend fifteen days. I had audience the sarae evening of the Duchess-Dowager, and of the Duchess, with the same ceremony at their circles, where there were indeed a great raany ladies. The next day I had audience of the young Prince, and of Mad' la Princesse, and of the Prince and Princess de Carignan, of their son and two daughters. The Prince de Carignan is son to that Prince Thomas de Savoy who raade a noise in the forraer wars of Savoy and Piedmont. This Prince- was bom deaf, and by consequence is dumb ; but he was taught in his 808 MR. hill's account of HIS VISIT TO TURIN. youth to know the raeaning of several words, by observing the different motions ofthe organs of those who spake to him, and was taught also to articulate several words. His High ness understands now his own people very well, and they seem to understand his jargon, which is most Spanish, because his Master was a Spaniard. He had, indeed, one of his gentle men by, to interpret wbat I said to his Highness ; and the sarae gentleraan interpreted what his Highness said to me ; for, indeed, I could not understand his Spanish. I think I did plainly understand one or two words, which he pronounced pretty distinctly ; and I believe no man born deaf ever did learn so much as this Prince has done. He does also pass for a wise Prince, of great worth, and virtue, and courage, of which he gave several raarks in his youth. He is reckoned very rich, for he enjoys near ^ pistoles per annum. He never did think of marrying, till his nephew, Mons. le Comte de Soissons married Mademoiselle de Beauvais, whose children raust have inherit ed the crown of Savoy, if neither his Royal Highness, nor this Prince left issue. He raarried, therefore, though well advanced in age, a Princess of the House of Modena, by whom he soon had two daughters and a son, all three very healthful and beau tiful. His Royal Highness told rae that if he had no son, his intention was to raarry one of his daughters to the son of the Prince de Carignan : and that he would not have raarried his daughter to the Duke of Burgundy, if he had not had another daughter, and hopes also of issue raale, for fear that France should one day set on foot the young Duchess of Burgundy's title, and raake Piedraont and Savoy provinces of France. I went, as I said before, to all these audiences ofthe House of Carignan very readily, because the Marquis d'Urso, who carae to raake the French King's compliments on this occasion to the Court of Savoy, had orders to go no farther than to the Duke, the two Duchesses, the young Prince, and the Princess. The Court was alarraed hereat, and gave no audience to Mons. d'Urso till he had sent to Versailles, and had received new in structions to take audience of the House of Carignan. I could not but observe to the Master of Cereraonies, that I thought he led rae very privately to a public audience, with two horses only, and no one officer at Court to receive rae. He assured rae that it was according to the style of their Court, and that the French and Spanish Envoys were treated just in the sarae raanner : so I was satisfied. I found no foreign mi nisters at Turin, except an Envoy from the Duke of Bavaria, who was come on the sarae errand that I was, who being my friend and acquaintance at Bruxelles, we were glad to raeet any how, and anywhere, and lived together like corarades. How ever, he came very kindly to make me the first visit at Turin, MR. hill's ACCOUNT OF HIS VISIT TO TURIN. 809 as being arrived before rae, without expecting any notifica tion of my arrival. The Spanish Envoy, who resides at Turin, Sig'' Carlo di Bassan, did surprise me raore, when I found hira one raorning in ray antichamber, before I had given hira any notice of ray arrival. A Spaniard ; an elderly man ; who has a coraraission in his pocket of Ambassador Extraordinary to the State of Venice, to corae to see rae so cavalierly, was raore than I could expect. I was sensible of his kindness, and found ways to let hira know it. I found him an honest, good natured Spaniard ; of good sense, and good learning, who walks upon the ground like other folks. The French Arabassador was gone with his Royal Highness to St. Maurice ; not that he had business there, but because he has a thousand pistoles extraordinary allowed hira when be follows the Duke out of his dorainions. So his Excellency contrived to go at his ease, by the way of Milan, to St. Maurice, and arrived there three days before the Duke carae away frora thence, and came back to Turin at his leisure. I was a little in pain how to treat with this Ambassador ; because I knew that he would take the hand of rae in his own house, and would expect the title of Excellency from rae, giving rae no title at all. I think indeed that he is in the right, and that Envoys have no rank nor title but what they can get. But I had observed that ray Master's arabassadors had not always taken that advantage of other envoys ; and that envoys are not always in huraour to pay so rauch respect to ambassadors. I found also that the sarae Don Carlo di Bassan, who carae so freely to see me, had never been to visit the French arabassador at Turin. I took occasion therefore to salute this French arabassador for the first tirae at Court, where we passed the first corapliments : and then I told him what haste I would make to visit hira at his own house. However, I set a watch on hira next day, and did not go to his house, till I knew that he was gone out. The next day he returned ray visit, and stayed with me so long, and entered so far into everything which did honour and justice to my Master, that I was willing to have a free conversation with hira. By good luck his Excellency had, or pretended to have, the gout ; so I went to visit hira in the morning, and found him in bed. He ordered me a fauteuil by his bed side, and there we conversed at ease. This am bassador is the Marquis de Briole, an honest, easy, gallant old man, who was forraerly Preraier Ecuyer to the late Prince de Conde, and had always followed his fortunes. As for the Pope's Nuncio, who resides at Turin, I had no raanner of coraraerce . with hira, though he has the reputation of [being] a very good and worthy raan, and is a raan of quality of the house of Sforza. There carae to Turin, before ray departure, a resident 5g 810 MR. hill's ACCOUNT OF HIS VISIT TO TURIN. of Bavaria ; but he sent me no notice of his arrival : so he was not come for rae. The Duke went, as I intiraated before, to La Veneria, a country house built by his Highness's father. Here I had the honour to wait on him, and to be walked almost to death by his Highness, who was pleased to entertain rae with great freedom concerning his own interests, and the interests of Europe ; and to enter into a very exact detail of his forces, his revenue, his places, his magazines, &c. His Highness laboured to make me understand, that, next to the House of Austria, he is called to the succession of Spain, before Lor rain or Portugal, He then supposed that France and the House of Austria, putting a negative one upon the other, might be willing to agree to let the crown of Spain fall on the head of some third person, in which case his Highness would offer hiraself, or his young son, if he could have the consent, and approbation, and protection of the King of England. I could well perceive, by what his Highness said, that he had been endeavouring to raake a party in Spain, but that he had little hopes to succeed, without the help of our King, espe cially because he was to expect all raanner of opposition frora France, and the Emperor also. I could also perceive, that his Highness's fears and apprehensions frora a new King of Spain, or of what might happen upon the death of the present King of Spain, were stronger than any hopes he could have. He is afraid that either France or the Eraperor should corae to be Duke of Milan, and I could scarce perceive for which he has the greater aversion. The French, at present, are more terrible, because they are raore powerful ; but tbe Era peror has so great pretensions upon alraost all the dominions of his Royal Highness, which are certainly fiefs of the Em pire, that he would be the raore dangerous neighbour. It is also to be observed, that the Dukes of Savoy were always used to take investiture of their estates frora the Eraperor until the tirae of the last Duke, who did indeed send to Vienna and de manded investiture of Savoy, and great part of Piedmont, and that part of Montferrat which the Dukes of Savoy possess by the treaty of Chiras. The Emperor was willing to give the Duke investiture of all those fiefs, excepting what his Highness holds in Montferrat; but the Duke refused to admit that exception. So the raatter fell, and he took no investiture at all. Now this Duke never thought fit to ask any investiture at all, and needs it not, unless they corae to be nearer neighbours. But whenever the Duke of Mantua dies, there will be certainly great contestations about his succession. The Duke of Savoy has pretensions upon the rest of Montferrat ; but the Impe rialists have never consented to own his Highness's title to MR. hill's ACCOUNT OF HIS VISIT TO TURIN. 811 that part of the Montferrat of which he is in possession : the French have. For these, or other reasons, I believe the Duke of Savoy would as willingly have the French at Milan as the Imperialists : but would rather see the Turk there than either of thera. His Highness cannot conceal how rauch he is terapted himself to endeavour to seize on the State of Milan, if the death of the King of Spain causes a scramble. And in deed so beautiful a mistress, so rich, and so contiguous to his Royal Highness's dominions, would tempt a less active and raore raoderate Prince ; especially since the conquest does not seera difficult. It is like the nyraph in Ovid, ' Et quia nuda fuit, sit visa paratior illi.' But his Royal Highness is so well known at Milan, and so rauch feared, that he raust not expect the consent ofthe dara- sel. It is not good, ray Lord, to give characters of Princes, and I was not long enough at Turin to be able to draw bis Royal Highness to the life, yet I will venture to draw hira in profile. This Prince is well made, and well shaped, is very fair, and was beautiful until he had the sraall pox, which happened to hira Anno 1693, when he entered into Dauphine, and until the fluxions, to which he was very subject, spoiled all his teeth. His Highness is very vigourous, active, and laborious, and able to undergo any fatigues of raind or body : loving busi ness more than pleasures, or ease. There never was a Prince, I believe, more intent upon his interests, who does study and understand thera better than this does. He enters into the very least detail of his revenues, and of his expence ; of his fortifications, buildings, arsenals, stores, and entertainraent of his troops. He has, properly speaking, no council of State, or privy council. He consults with his rainisters separately, and dispatches everything with thera himself. He has not the reputation, with his own subjects, of being generous, or merci ful : but his mighty economy helps to make his Court great and magnificent, in proportion to his dorainions ; and his troops, his raagazines, and strong places, are in very great nuraber, and greater order, in proportion to his revenues. His chief rainister of State is the Marquis de S' Thomas, who is certainly a wise and able raan ; though in appearance, very slow, inelegant, and morose. This raan had the greatest share in all the raeasures which his Highness took for his coming into the alliance, during the late war, or his going out of it. It is almost a wonder how his Highness came into that alliance considering that all his Court, and officers, and people, were in the interests of France, by the inclinations and influence of the Duchess-Dowager, and of the Duchess ; by the number of the nobility of Savoy, and Piedmont who served in France or were educated there ; by the trade and commerce with 5g2 812 MR. hill's account OF HIS VISIT TO TURIN. France, which is the only trade known to these people. I am persuaded nothing did determine his Highness so much to enter so far into those engagements, as the insolence with which the Court of France, especially Mens. Louvois, did treat his Highness, and the fair prospect which his Highness now had of emancipating himself. How he went out of that alli ance the world knows. The conditions of his treaty with France were glorious for his Highness, if it was honourable for him to treat. But the restitution of Pignerol, and the de- raolition of Casale, which do indeed set his Highness at liberty iu Turin, are a real loss to his subjects, who furnished alraost everything for the subsistence of those two nuraerous garri sons, and for their fortifications, and grew rich thereby. The_ Marquis de S* Thoraas seems to be infirm, and less nimble than Mons. le Corate de la Tour, who is Secretary now of war, and Intendant ofthe fortifications, and buildings, and gardens, and who, by the quickness and vivacity of his genius, and by his knowledge and experience, and a brisk decisive way in business, seeras to be raade for his raaster, and has a great share in his confidence. A third rainister employed and trusted by his Highness is Mons. Gropello, General de Fi nances, a man of no birth or faraily, who was very lately a kind of bailiff, and soraetiraes one of the guards against those who should defraud the gabelles. His skill and industry in finding out new raethods for iraproveraent of the revenues recommended him to the post where he now is. But he must be very cunning indeed, if he finds out any new impositions now ; for I believe all the taxes which are in France, or any where else, are in use here, as tallies upon the land, and upon the persons : gabelles everywhere for salt, as in France, and with equal rigour : excises upon meat, bread, wine, herbs, fowl, and candles. This last is newly raised, and is very vex atious. Nobody can raake or buy candles, but frora those who have the farra from the Duke ; and the penalties are so very great upon the offenders, that nobody dares offend. All the candles which are used in the Duke's dorainions are marked by the farmers to avoid deceit : and it is expected also that every family will be taxed and obliged to take such a number of candles as they are rated for their salt. I could not but ob serve, that the farmers of his Royal Highness's gabelles are Frenchmen, because they give more than any of his own sub jects would give, by 180,000 livres per annura, which is £9000 sterling. For these £9000 sterling 500 French gabellers, or excisemen, or commis, or gardes, are employed in the Duke's service, to the great sorrow and vexation of the subjects. For the sake of these £9000 per annum, these Frenchmen are let into the knowledge of the revenue, and of the country, and of all the passes between Savoy and Piedraont. For the sake of MR. hill's account OF HIS VISIT TO TURIN. 813 these £9000 per annum, all the profit which these farmers make, which is supposed to be great, for they are very exact and alert, is carried away by these strangers quite out of the Duke's do minions ; since it is not supposed that any one of these 500 ty rants will stay there after the expiration of their farm, which was for six years. One great prejudice have these French pub licans caused already to the Duke, and to his subjects, which is thus : formerly all the raerchandises, which passed frora France into Lorabardy, or frora Lorabardy into France, used to go through Piedraont, by Suze, and so over the raount Cenis, and through Savoy. They used to pay custoras at Suze ; and the rauleteers, that is, the raasters of those mules and servants who undertook the transport of all these merchandises backwards and forwards, found some ease in agreeing with the officers at Suze. Now it seems these French coraraissioners at Suze were so severe and untreatable, that the carriers have found another road frora Lorabardy into France, and to Geneva, viz., over the Mount Serapion, and through the country of the Vallesians. By this means the French farraers lose 80,000 livres per annum, which his Highness will never recover ; and the loss of his subjects, who did thrive upon the road, quite from the frontiers of Milan to Pont Beauvoisin, by the great consuraption and employment which was caused by so great and so constant a passage, is much more considerable. I could not but observe another thing, which is, that I saw very little money stirring in the Duke's dorainions, and no good raoney at all ; though forraerly his Highness's coin was good, and the coins of France, and Genoa, were also very current and common at Turin. At present there is no raoney to be seen, but some pieces of 12i* of a very base alloy. The best reasons I could find of this misfortune are these : first, all the gold of this Duke's coin, or of his mother's, during her regency, which were exactly ofthe shape [and] breadth of the French louis d'or, but soraewhat lighter, are certainly all re formed, and marked with the French arms, and stamp, since the French had raised the value of their louis d'or frora 111. to 141. Thus all the Savoy gold went into France, and passes now as French louis d'or. The French were cheated of about 12* on each piece; but the Savoyards have lost the whole species, I raean the use thereof. But there was another oc casion more fatal, and more impolitic than this, which carried away all the good coins both silver and gold. During the late war, when the German troops carae into Italy, they desired that their raoney raight have course in the Duke's dorainions, without which it would not be possible for the said troops to subsist. The Duke did consent to this proposition, but very unskilfully gave course to the Gerraan florins, above their 814 MR. hill's account of his visit to TURIN. intrinsic value. The Duke's rainisters did not consider how rauch the Iraperial coins are debased of late, and gave course to those fiorins, upon the sarae foot which they were forraer ly, i. e., each florin for 52 stivers, Piedraont, so as 6 florins went as far as a pistole. This was a very gross abuse, because a pistole was really worth 7 florins and a half of this debased raoney ; and the Gerraan officers, their agents, or their bank ers, soon bought up all the good species at Turin, and filled the country with their debased coin. The Duke and his rai nisters saw their error too late, and could not reraedy it till the peace was raade. Then those Gerraan florins were indeed decried, but were, by another mistake, put at so low a rate, that those who carried them away got as rauch by thera al raost as those who brought thera in. In this condition are the Duke's dorainions now for their coin, and it will not be easy to find a reraedy, unless they could increase their trade and coraraerce so rauch as to bring in good sums of foreign coin to pay tbe balance of trade on their side. But I see no appearance of that, because they have few manufactures of their own, and are great losers by their trade with France. The raerchants and shopkeepers of Turin are but the factors of those of Lyons, who furnish alraost everything for these countries. The Duke has endeavoured to set up a manufac ture of cloth at Turin, and has brought several workmen frora Holland and Flanders. His Highness has already spent 50,000 crowns upon this project, and his undertakers have raade se veral pieces of cloth, which cost a great deal more than if they had corae frora England, and had paid hira a great custom. The natural produce of this country, i". e,, Piedmont, are corn, wine, rice, hemp ; and of all these there is so great plenty, that one-half raight be exported yearly, if they had conveni ency of rivers, or canals, to get to the sea-side. The English have a treaty of coraraerce with his Royal Highness, and his subjects ; raade in the year 1669, By virtue of which we have freedora frora all irapositions of everything which we bring in and carry out at Villa-Franca, We have a Consul there, who has an establishraent. But I see very little trade driven that way. I see no reason why we do not bring raore of our manufactures thither, since I see they pay very dear at Turin for French cloths and stuffs ; and since we might carry silk, rice, and wines, frora Villa-Franca very cheap. There happened a thing while I was at Turin, which gave rae occasion to speak to his Royal Highness, and to his ministers, at large about our coraraerce. It seeras the Duke has an old pretension to a duty upon all barks and feluccas which pass by Villa-Franca, or Nice, upon account that his Highness should keep an arraed bark always ready for the MR. hill's ACCOUNT OP HIS VISIT TO TURIN, 815 guard and security of these coasts against pirates and corsairs. Now it happened lately that the Duke's arraed boat at Villa- Franca took a French bark, which, refusing to pay that tribute, was brought into port, and sold. The French King ordered his arabassador at Turin to coraplain of this proceed ing, and to deraand redress. Nevertheless, the Duke's officers went on, and confiscated the French boat, and her lading. The King of France was angry, and sent to tell the Duke, that he had well examined this matter in his council, and found so little grounds for those pretensions, that he could not refuse protection to his subjects against such violences, and therefore his Majesty expected that his Highness would iraraediately do hira justice. Upon this message the bark was restored to his owner. Just before I arrived at Turin, the sarae thing happened to an English ship, called the Re becca, going laden from Leghorn for England. She was met at sea by the Duke's armed boat, who carae aboard her. The master and sailors taking this boat of Villa-Franca for a Sallee- man saved theraselves in their boat, and got aboard another English ship, abandoning the Rebecca to the Duke's bark, who carried her into Villa-Franca, pretending they knew not what she was, or to whora she belonged. However, his Ma jesty's Consul, seeing she was an English ship, deraanded res titution of the ship and lading. At the sarae time I received orders frora your Lordship to demand the restitution of her — which I did — I urged that we never were subject to any such duties ; that we did not expect, or require, any protection frora his Royal Highness against pirates; that his Royal Highness might treat' the barks, feluccas, and such sraall boats, as went under the guns of Nice and Villa-Franca, as he pleased, but to send out his boats arraed to sea to attack the ships which passed was against all reason and justice, and what his Majesty could not suffer in honour. I added that if our raerchant ships took this bark for a pirate, it was likely that our raen-of-war might do so too. In fine, our ship was released, and she was with her lading put into the hands of his Majesty's Consul, Mr. Boit. I found another grievance, which is, that the Duke's officers at Nice, and Villa-Franca, had made our raerchants pay two and a half per cent for sorae merchandises shipped off there, which is directly contrary to our treaties. In answer to which they argued that those trea ties were expired, &c. I did therefore press his Royal Highness about the observation of those treaties which were not tem porary : shewing that we did comply with our part thereof exactly : that if his Royal Highness and his ministers did think fit to break off all comraerce with us, I only desired a declaration thereof, that our raerchants raight not be de- 816 MR. hill's account of his visit to TURIN, ETC. ceived under the hopes of such benefits which those treaties promised, &c. His Highness at last assured me, that his in tention was to observe those treaties exactly, and at ray far ther solicitations I obtained a declaration to that purpose from the Marquis de St. Thomas, the original whereof I left in the hands of our Consul. The Pastors and People of the Valleys of Piedmont to Mr. Hill. Angrogne, le 9 Noverabre, 1699. Monseigneur, Je rae donne I'honneur de vous escrire ces lignes pour vous teraoigner mes profonds respects, et en raerae teras pour vous faire savoir, corarae il a plii a S. A. R. de nous envoyer deraander Mons. David Leger, rainistre, et raoy, il y a trois seraaines, et qu' estant alles a Turin avec le Depute politique, Sieur Gantier, qui m' accorapagna lorsque j'eus I'honneur de vous faire la reverence avec luy ; Sa dite Altesse Royale nous entretint fort araiableraent tout seul pendant une heure, et nous donna toutes les raarques de bonte que nous pouvons souhaiter a 1' egard de notre repos, (les charges estant tou jours les raeraes ;) et comrae nous ne doutons nulleraent que ce ne soit une suite heureuse de votre recoramandation, nous en ayant raeme dit une petit raot en passant ; J'ai este charge par notre Synode derniereraent tenu, de vous en teraoigner toute la reconnoissance possible, et de vous supplier d' en re- raercier de notre part S. M. B., pour qui nous ne raanquerons jaraais de continuer nos prieres a Dieu, a ce qu' il lui plaise de conserver sa personne sacree, corarae il a fait jusqu' ici, et de faire heureuseraent reussir toutes ses royales entreprises ; et vous demandant tres instararaent l' honneur de votre bien- veillance et de votre puissante protection, nous soraraes avec toute la souraission possible, Monseigneur, Vos tres hurables, tres obeissans, et tres obliges Serviteurs, les Pasteurs et Peuples des Vallees du Pieraont et au nora de tous, GuiLLAUME Malanot, Pasteur de l' Eglise Evangelique d' Angrogne. a Monseigneur Hill, Commissaire de la Tresorerie, ci Londres. THE VAUDOIS PASTORS AND PEOPLE TO MR. HILL. 817 The Vaudois Pastors and People to Mr. HiU. Des Vallees de Pieraont, le 25 Janvier, 1700. Monseigneur, Nous esperons que V. E. aura receu en son tems celle, que nous nous soraraes donne I'honneur de vous ecrire ci-devant, pour vous reraercier tres hurableraent des soins charitables que vous avez daigne prendre de nos Vallees, aupres de S. A. R., notre Souverain. Cependant nous prenons encore la liberte de vous adresser la presente, pour vous apprendre la continua tion de notre estat, qui est toujours le raeipe, par la grace de Dieu : et en raerae teras nous supplions aussi tres hurableraent V. E. d'avoir la bonte de nous passer vos bons offices envers S. M. B., et ses Ministres d' Estat a ce qu' il leur plaise, s' il est possible, de nous faire tenir, au raoins a la fin de chaque annee, les charitables pensions, dont il plait a sa dite M. B. de gratifier les Pasteurs et Maistres d' Ecole de ces Vallees, qui sont arrerages de quinze raois echus ; car ce long retarderaent nous est d'un notable prejudice, ne pouvant pas par ce raoyen, nous en servir au besoin. Ce sera une oeuvre toute pieuse, et dont nous vous aureus des eternelles obligations. Nous osons nous flatter de votre puissantappuy dans cette rencontre, et dans toutes les autres qui pourront concerner nos Eglises, et prions ardemmentle Seigneurpour la prosperite et longueur des jours de Votre Excellence, estant avec un profond respect, Monseigneur, De V. E., Les tres humbles, tres obeissans et tres obliges Serviteurs, les Pasteurs et Peuples Vaudois, et pour tous, David Leger, Pasteur et Moderatour. GuiLL^ Malanot, Pasteur et Moderateur-Ajoint. d, Son Excellence Monsieur L' Envoye Hill a Londres. The Vaudois Pastors and People to Mr. Hill, Angrogne, le 28 May, 1700. Monseigneur, Nous ne doutons pas que V. E. n'ait receu les lettres que je me suis donne I'honneur de lui escrire ci-devant, au nora des Vallees, tant pour lui teraoigner nostre juste recon- 5h 818 the vaudois pastors and PEOPLE TO MR. HILL. noissance des recoraraandations dont il lui a plu nous favoriser I'annee passee aupres de S.A.R., et dont nous avons ressenti les agreables effets, par les nouvelles assurances de sa protec tion, corarae aussi, pour la supplier tres hurableraent de nous passer ses bons offices a ce que nous pussions recevoir plus exacteraent les charitables pensions, que la feu Reine Marie, de sainte et glorieuse raeraoire, avoit eu la bonte de nous assignor pour douze Ministres et autant de Maistres d'Ecole ; et corarae non seulement nous soraraes en arriere de plus d'un an et deray, et que bien loin de les recevoir a I'ordinaire, nous avons appris par une lettre du Sieur Papon, un des rainistres Fran9ois, qui ont este obliges de se retirer de ces Vallees par ordre de S.A.R., que sept de ces pensions, tant des rainistres, que des Maistres d'ecole, le tout raontant annuellement a la sorarae de raille et cinquante ecus, avoient este assignees pour I'entretien d'un norabre pareil de pasteurs et maistres d'ecole, qui sont establis dans le Wirtemberg et Darrastadt ; et que par ce raoyen il n'en restoit que fort peu pour nous, qui avons pourtant treize Eglises toutes reraplies. Cela nous oblige de nouveau de nous adresser a V. E., corarae a un de nos puis- sans appuis, inforrae de notre estat, et plein de zele pour la conservation de ces pauvres anciennes Eglises renaissantes apres tant de desolations, a ce qu'il lui plaise de nous aider de ses charitables intercessions aupres de S. M. B. ; a fin que les susdites douze pensions, raontant a dixhuit cents ecus an- nuels, nous soyent continuees comrae par le passe, selon I'in- tention de la pieuse et incoraparable Reine, qui les avoit pos- itiveraent destineespour la subsistance desrainistres et maistres d'ecole officiant dans ces Vallees, et pour le soulageraent des Eglises veritableraent Vaudoises, et non pour ceux qui en empruntent le nora, qui en sont dehors, et qui re9oivent des benefices d'ailleurs. Si ce raalheur nous arrivoit, nous pouvons assurer V. E., que la raoitie de nos pasteurs et raaistres d'ecole seroient contraints de quitter ce pais, estant absoluraent ira possible a nos pauvres peuples desoles et accables d'irapots de suppleer a ce defaut. Nous avons pris la liberte d'en escrire a S.M.B., a Monseigneur L'Archeveque de Cantorberi, et a Milord Eveque de Londres. Nous osons esperer des puissans et charitables appuis de ces bons Seigneurs, de raerae que de V.E., la revocation de cela, et la continuation de la jouissance des susdites pensions, et dans cette confiance, nous ne raanque rons pas aussi d'adresser nos prieres a Dieu pour la conserva tion et prosperite de V. E., et de ces grands eraplois, et soraraes avec un tres profond respect, Monseigneur, De V. E., Les tres humbles, tres obeissans, et tres THE VAUDOIS PASTORS AND PEOPLE TO MR. HILL. 819 obliges Serviteurs, les Pasteurs et Peuples Vaudois, et pour tous, David Leger, Pasteur Vaudois et Moderatour. GuiLLAUME Malanot, Pasteur Vaudois et Moderateur-Adjoint. Isaac Senebiee, Genevois Pasteur de I'Eglise de la Tour, Vallee de Luzerne. Joseph Decoppet, Suisse Pasteur de I'Eglise de St. Jean, Vallee de Luzerne. From Friends ofthe Vaudois to [Mr. Hill.]^ II est a propos que Monsieur Hill, ci-devant Envoye de Sa Majeste Britannique aupres de S. A. R., le Due de Savoye, a Turin, soit informe que les Pauvres Vaudois, sujets de sa dite A.R., qui sont sur les Galeres de Marseille, n'ont point encore senti jusques a present les effets des favorables Intentions de leur Prince, pour leur delivrance. On S9ait tres bien que Mons' Son Arabassadeur a la Cour de France, n'a pas manque de faire pour cela les Instances necessaires, conformement aux ordres qu'il en a receu de Son Maitre. On S9ait encore, qu'en suite d'un raeraoire presente par ce Ministre a la Cour de France, et de-la envoye a Marseille, le Secretaire de Mons"^ I'lntendant des Galeres, reclaraa, environ le milieu du raois de Janvier dernier, le norame David Voile, I'un des dits Vau dois; qui fut interroge, savoir s'il estoit des sujets de S. A., parceque sur les Registres de Marseille, il estoit raarque pour estre sujet du Roy, comme il estoit en effet, avant que la Val Perouse, dont il est originaire, fut reraise au Prince, raais presentement par cette remise, il se trouve veritableraent sujet de S. A. R. Cette difficulte qui causa de la contesta tion, jointe a des sinistres impressions que l' on donna contre le dit Voile, a suspendu jusques a present l' effet de sa deliv rance. Cependant, comme on ne coraprend pas, comment le dit Voile auroit este reclame seul, a l' exclusion des Sieurs Jean Musseton, Pierre Bonnet, David Douvier, Jean Berru, Jean Gendre, et Pierre Robert, tous anciens sujets de S.A.R., et norames dans la tres hurable supplication qui luy a este presentee. On a tout sujet de croire que tous les sus norames doivent avoir este compris dans le nombre de ceux qui ont este deraandes par Mons' l' Arabassadeur ; raais que par l' aniraosite des Missionaires, ou par les sinistres Informations I This paper is without date : it probably refers to the same subject as the suggestions page 801. 5h2 820 FROM FRIENDS OF THE VAUDOIS TO MR. HILL. par les quelles on a tache de les noircir dans 1' esprit des Puissances, la chose est deraeuree jusques a present sans effet. Joint que d'autres sujets Catholiques Reraains de S.A.R., qui avoyent este reclaraes le raerae jour que David Voile, ont este depuis actuelleraent mis en liberte, sans qu' on ait rien dit, ni au dit Voile, ni aux autres Vaudois. D' ou il paroit que c'est uniqueraent en baine de la Religion que les dits Vaudois sont laisses en arriere, par les artifices des Mission aires qui les taxent d'obstiner, et qui pour les rendre odieux, insinuent qu'ils ont porte les armes contre le Roy, quoy que tout leur crime ait este d'avoir voulu se restablir dans leur pays, dont iis ont obtenu, de raerae que leurs autres compatriotes, I'abolition, par la genereuse cleraence de S. A. R. sans parler de la punition qu'ils en ont subie pendant passe dix ans de Galere. C est de quoy on a creu devoir informer Monsieur Hill, qui a eu ci-devant la bonte, suivant les ordres de son Glorieux et Auguste Maistre, de s'eraployer en faveur de ces fideles Con- fesseurs, ets'il sepeut, par son raoyen, Sa Majeste Britannique, qui a bien voulu, en diverses occasions, faire ressentir a ces pauvres souffrans, de raerae qu' aux autres de la raeme nation, dans leurs diverses calamites, les charitables effets de sa gen ereuse et Royale corapassion, dans I'esperance que la chose estant representee a Monsieur L' Arabassadeur de S.A.R., le Due de Savoye, aupres de sa dite Majeste Britannique, et s'il en est besoin, par son canal, au Prince son Maitre, — ce Prince, touche de coraraiseration envers ses pauvres sujets, voudra bien donner de nouveaux ordres a Monsieur son Arabassadeur a la Cour de France, pour reiterer ses instances en leur faveur, en dissipant les sinistres irapressions qu'on pourroit avoir don nees contre eux, et empechant que la mauvaise volente des Missionaires, ne prevaille par dessus la Justice des deraandes de S.A.R., afin que ses dits sujets delivres du triste esclavage sous lequel iis geraissent depuis si longteraps, et jouissans de I'effet des favorables intentions de leur Prince, soyent en estat de luy donner de nouvelles preuves de leur fidelite, et de leur zele pour son service. From M, G, Malanot ( Vaudois Pastor) to Mr, Hill. Angrogne, le 24 Avril, 1 704. Monseigneur, Je prends la liberte de profiter de la bonte de Monsieur le Corate Ruffin, notre Coraraandant, pour rae donner I'hon neur d' escrire ces lignes a V. E., pour la supplier tres hum bleraent de continuer, s'il luy plait, ses charitables interces sions aupres de S. M. B., en faveur des Pasteurs de nos Val- M. G. MALANOT, VAUDOIS PASTOR, TO MR. HILL. 821 lees, a 1' egard du charitables secours que nous implorons de sa cleraence Royale ; nous en aureus des eternelles obligations a V.E. Pour ce qui regarde 1' estat present des affaires de 9a haut, Monsieur notre Coraraandant se faira un honneur et un sin- gulier plaisir d'en inforraer V.E,, a quoy je rae rapporte. Je ne feray qu' aj outer ces raots pour luy tesraoigner qu' assure- ment toutes nos Vallees sont tres contentes du choix que S.A.R. en a fait a notre egard ; car, par ses prudens raenage- raens, il S9ait tenir nos peuples dans I'obeissance et dans les autres devoirs qui concernant le royal service. Nous aurions souhaite de tenter le change de nos pauvres esclaves, corarae j'ay deja eu I'avantage d'en escrire a V. E, ; raais il y a eu divers obstacles pour le present ; car d'un coste la Vallee de Pragela ne vouloit absoluraent point convenir de la contribu tion sans le relacheraent de leurs prisonniers. D'autre coste, la Vallee de St. Martin qui confine celle la, se voyant par la fort exposee, elle souhaitoit granderaent cet accoraraoderaent; d'ailleurs on a pressenti qu'il seroit irapossible de faire le dit change avec ces sortes de gens, qui ne sont que de milices. Cependant tout notre raonde l' eut fort souhaite, et se pro mettent aussitot que le tems le perraettra d'en prendre des autres sur qui on pourra raieux center ; ou bien on les pour roit reserver si Ton venoit a faire un cartel avec la France. Je continue raes prieres au Seigneur en faveur de V.E., et de tous ses releves eraplois, et suis avec un profond respect, Monseigneur, De V. E., Tres hurable et tres obeissant Serviteur, [A Mons, Hill,] G. Malanot. From M, J, Jahier f Vaudois Pastor J to [Count Ruffin,] ' D' Angrogne, ce 15 Aoust, 1704. Monsieur, Comrae vous avez este temoin oculaire de notre deso lation, et en particulier de raon raalheur, par I'invasion soud- aine et inopinee des ennerais, qui ra'ont depouille de tout ce que j'avoye dans ce raonde, a la reserve de ce que j'avoye dessus moy, li' ayant eu, corarae a dire, pour butin que raon arae, ce qui ra'a reduit a la derniere misere, comme vous pouvez bien juger, je prends la liberte de vous adresser celle- ci, pour vous supplier instararaent d'avoir la bonte et la char ite de rae procurer par votre puissante intercession quelque bien et quelque consolation tant envers S. A. R., qu' envers • See page 820. 822 M. J. JAHIER, VAUDOIS PASTOR, TO [cOUNT RUFFIN.J Messeigneurs Hill etdc Vander Meer, Envoyes Ex tiaordinaires de la Grande Bretagne et de L. L. H. H. P. P., pour aider a me relever en quelque raaniere de raa misere, en vous souve- nant de la proraesse que vous fites chez raoy, lorsque vous prites la peine d'aller a Pramol pour donner ordre aux affaires, en qualite de Commandant des Vallees, pour S.A.R., a S9avoir, que ceux qui perdroyent quelque chose dans cette occasion, S.A.R. y auroit le due egard; si je n'avoye perdu qu'une partie de ce que j'avoye, comrae d'autres, je ne diroye raot, raais ayant tout perdu absoluraent, sans avoir pu sauver seule ment un drap pour me coucher dedans en raoin besoin, c' est ce qui est fort sensible et affigeant ; ayant pour corable de raalheur aussi perdu environ pour raille livres due d'obliga- tions qui sont restees dans la raalle, que vous aurez veiie sur la table, hors du cabinet, oii vous couchates chez moy ; laquelle ma femrae avoit reraplie de raes cheraises, dans la dessein de les faire transporter au lieu de Peuraean quartier de raon Eglise, ou nous nous separames, et ou j'avoye fait trans porter deux changes du raeilleur que j'avoye, les croyant en seurete, et oii cependant tout a este perdu raalheureusement. Jugez done, raon cher Monsieur, corabien est a plaindre et digne de corapassion, la condition d'une personne telle que moy, avancee en age, qui avoit quelque chose, qui vivoit, graces a Dieu, assez coraraodement et honnesteraent, de se voir depouille de tout en un raoraent, et reduit, s'il faut ainsi dire, a la mendicite, et a aller roulant d'un lieu a un autre, sans avoir quelque fois du pain pour raa familie ; car il faut que vous sachiez. Monsieur, qu'apres nostre desolation, nous avons demeure quelque teras a Bagnols, ou durant huit jours, on nous a donne quelque chose pour subsister : apres on nous a fait retourner dans les Vallees, avec la proraesse qu'on donneroit le pain a nos families; mais tan tost elles I'ont, tautest elles ne I'ont pas, et il y a dix jours de ce raois qu' elles n'en ont point eu : Ce n'est pas que nous doutions de la bonte, et bonne volonte de S.A.R,, mais on s'excuse sur ce qu' en ne trouve pas du bled. Je n'allegue pas ces choses comme si je regrettoye d'avoir fait ce que j ' ai fait ; qu'au contraire, jc seroye prest de le faire de bon coeur s' il estoit a faire pour le service de mon Souverain, et de faire encore plus, si je pou- voye ; raaisseulementpourvous representer la misereoiije suis reduit a present, et le besoin que j'ai de quelque secours. Partant, Monsieur, toutes ces considerations susdites ra' obli gent a vous supplier encore une fois, d' avoir la bonte ct la charite d'eraployer vostre credit envers qui de besoin pour me procurer quelque consolation dans raa misere et dans mon affliction, et je vous en aurai des obligations iramortelles, et cc rae sera un nouveau raotif d' adresser raes voeux ardens au Tout puissant pour la longue prosperite et conservation de M. J. JAHIER, VAUDOIS PASTOR, TO [c'' RUFFIN,] ETC. 823 vostre Illustre personne, et pour un heureux succes dans vos hauts et dignes eraplois ; c' est 1' ardent souhait de celui qui est avec tout le respect possible. Monsieur, Vostre tres hurable, tres obeissant, et tres oblige Serviteur, J. Jahier. Pasteur de I' Eglise de Pramol. Agreez, s'il vous plait, que je vous raarque ce-ci en passant ; c'est qu' estant alle prescher Diraanche dernier au susdit lieu de Peuraean quartier de mon Eglise, ou se tiennent nos gens, pour les exhorter a leur devoir, de la je rae transportai avec une escorte jusques a ma maison, qui n'est qu' a un quart de lieue du Camp des Fran9ais, j'ai trouve tout renverse, tous les raeubles qui sont restes brises et fracasses, et le tout dans un estat qui fait horreur, ce qu'on n'a pas fait a d'autres. From M, G, Malanot ( Vaudois Pastor) to Mr, Hill. Angrogne, le 25 Noverabre, 1704. Monseigneur, Messieurs Jahiers, Pasteurs, estant obliges d'aller a Turin, pour le sujet qu'ils raconteront a V. E., je profite de leur occasion pour rae donner I'honneur de lui faire ces lignes, tant pour supplier V. E. de leur vouloir estre favorable, que pour savoir, s'il luy plait, si elle n'a point eu de reponse d'An gleterre touchant nos pensions, ne doutant point que V. E. n'ait accompagne nostre raeraoire,' de ses charitables interces sions. Monsieur le General de Belcastel, qui prend un grand soin de ce qui concerne nos Vallees, a eu la bonte de s'eraployer en faveur de ces Messieurs, afin qu'ils ne fussent pas contraints d' aller la bas ; mais la chose n'ayant pu reussir, il leur a fallu enfin prendre cette route, quoy que malgre eux. Je ne diray rien a V. E., sur I'estat present de nos Vallees, ces Messieurs Ten pouvant informer de bouche, a quoy me rapportant, je finis par mes voeux ardens en faveur de V. E., et suis avec toute la veneration possible, Monseigneur, De V. E., Le tres humble et tres obeissant Serviteur, [A Mons, Hill,] G. Malanot. From the Churches of the Valleys of Piedmont to ^ De raon refuge, a Pracastel, a la Tour, le 16' Janvier, 1706. Milord, Nos Eglises n'ont pas sitost appris que Messrs. Appia, 1 This Memorial is probably the one inserted page 440 — 448. - The Editor cannot state to whora this letter was addressed. He thinks 824 THE CHURCHES OF PIEDMONT TO par I'incomparable charite de votre Grandeur, sont parvenus heureuseraent au Saint Ministere de I'Evangile du Fils de Dieu, qu'elles se sont reconnues indispensableinent obligees d'en venir porter aux pieds de Votre Grandeur leurs tres hurables reraercieraents, vu que ce que Votre Grandeur a fait envers ces jeunes plantes, nos Eglises le reputent fait a elles meraes, puis que c'est particuliereraent pour leur service qu'ils doivent avoir etre consacres, et ce leur sera un secours tres opportun, car les etrangers ne sauvoyent etre d'une si grande utilite que les nationaux. Votre Grandeur est encore suppliee avec tout le respect et la souraission possible, pour qu'elle veuille continuer ses re gards gracieux et bienfaisants envers nos pauvres et anciennes Eglises, leur continuer les effets de son araour et charite pa- ternelle, sur tout dans ces teras facheux, que la guerre a reduit en cendres et en un raonceau de pierres les coraraunes de Praraol et de St. Gerraain, hors d'esperance de jaraais se re lever si les Saints ne leur tendent la raain. Les habitans de ces deux coraraunes sont disperses dans la Vallee de Luzerne, n' ayant d' assistance que le pain que S. A. R. a la bonte de leur faire distribuer. Les inondations ont fait des grands raaux par tout le pays et raaintenant les pluyes continuees cela cause des ebouleraens de terre affroyables. Le Seigneur nous fasse la grace de pro fiter de ces chatiraens pour I'araenderaent de notre vie. C'est ce grand Pasteur et Eveque de nos araes que nous prions, pour la conservation et prosperite de Votre Grandeur a la quelle nous baisons respectueusement les mains comme etant. Milord, D. V. G. Les tres humbles, tres obeissans, et tres obliges, les Eglises des Vallees de Pie mont, et pour elles, Bernard Jahier, Pasteur et Moderateur. Warrant for £555 to be paid to Mr. Hill for the Vaudois Ministers. Anne R. Whereas, by our warrant, bearing date the 30th day of September, 1704, we did direct (araongst other things) that the following yearly sums should be paid to our trusty and it probable, however, that it was addressed to some English Bishop, by whom the Messrs. Appia, mentioned in it, were ordained. In Dr. Gilly 's " Waldensian Researches," (Edition 1839) page 344, a M. Appia is spo ken of as being ordained in London, about a century before. WARRANT FOR £555 FOR THE VAUDOIS. 825 well-beloved Sir John Chardin,orsuch otherperson, or persons, as we should thereafter appoint, for the uses following, that is to say: — PER ANNUM. To be reraitted by hira, for the use of the £. s. d. Vaudois Ministers, four hundred twenty-five pounds per annura 425 0 0 To be remitted as our bounty to a school at Offenbach, thirty pounds 30 0 0 And for the use of [Henry] Arnaud, one hundred pounds per annura . . . . 100 0 0 555 0 0 And whereas the said yearly suras have been satisfied, and paid to the said Sir John Chardin, to Michaelraas one thou sand seven hundred and nine, and no further, and we being resolved that the sarae shall frora thenceforth be paid unto our trusty and well-beloved Richard Hill Esq"' for the persons and uses aforesaid. Our will and pleasure is, and we do hereby direct, authorise, and coraraand, that out of any our raoney or treasure that is or shall be iraprested to you at the receipt of our Exchequer, you pay unto the said Richard Hill, or his assigns, the said yearly suras araounting to five hundred fifty five pounds frora Michaelmas 1709, for and during our pleasure, in such manner as the sarae was lately paid or payable to the said Sir John Chardin by virtue of our said recited Warrant, which said yearly suras the said Richard Hill is to rerait, or pay over from time to time, for the persons and uses above expressed. And we do hereby direct, that no further pay raents shall be raade upon the said yearly suras, or any of them, to the said Sir John Chardin, or his assigns, for any time beyond Michaelmas 1709, aforesaid ; and this, being first en tered with the Auditors of our Imprests, shall be, as well to you for payraent, as to the said Auditors for allowing thereof from tirae to tirae upon your accounts, a sufficient warrant. Given at our Court, at Windsor Castle, the 20th day of August, 1711. In the tenth year of our Reign. To our trusty and well-beloved By her Majesty's coraraand, Spencer Compton, Esq,, Pay master of divers annual Pen- Oxford. sions and Bounties established by us, and to the Paymaster thereof for the time being. Receipt from Vaudois Pastors and Schoolmasters for the Royal Charity of her Britannic Majesty, Nous soussignes Pasteurs et Maitres d'Ecole des Eglises 5i 826 RECEIPT FROM VAUDOIS PASTORS, ETC. Evangeliques des Vallees de Piemont declarons et confessons avoir re9u de Son Excellence le Seigneur Chetwynd, Envoye Extraordinaire de S. M. S., la Reyne de la Grande Bretagne vers S. A. R. de Savoye, et par les mains de Mons. Loubier, Banquier a Turin, la somrae de trois raille cinq cents dix-sept livres, six sous, onze deniers, je dis 35171iv. 6s. lid. monnoye de Pieraont, provenant de 828. 18, piastres de Genes, de la pieuse et Royale Charite de S. M. B. pour laquelle susdite somme nous quittons et reraercions tres hurableraent toutes les personnes qui sont a quitter et remercier, priant Dieu qu'il soit le reraunerateur de tous leurs soins charitables en vers nous, en foi de quoy nous avons fait et signe la presente quittance, qui etant faite a double ne sert pourtant que pour une. Fait a la Tour, dans la Vallee de Luzerne, le 8' de Decerabre, 1711. P. Reinaudin, Pasteur de I'Eglise de Boby. C. Bastie, Pasteur de I'Eglise de la Tour. C. Appia, Pasteur de I'Eglise de St. Jean. L. Bertin, Pasteur de I'Eglise de Roras. Jaques Leger, Pasteur de I'Eglise de Villeseiche. J. Jahier, Pasteur a Angrogne. P. Appia, Pasteur de 1' Eglise de Rocheplate et Prarustin. J. Bastie, Pasteur de I'Eglise du Villar. J. Malanot, Pasteur de Praraol et Saint Gerraain. P. Leydet, Pasteur de I'Eglise des Prals et Rodoret. Ph. Forneron, Prop, a Maneille et Macel. Jean Pellene, Maitre d'Ecole a Roras. Daniel Blaijnat, Maitre d' Ecole de St. Gerraain. Jacob Perron, Maitre d' Ecole de Praraol. Paul Martine, Maitre d' Ecole a Boby. Barthelemi Appia, Regent a St. Jean. Joseph Reinaudin, Regent de Prarustin. Estienne Bergoin, Maitre d'Ecole au Villar. Michel Puy, Maitre d' Ecole a Angrogne. J. P. PoGNENG, Maitre d' Ecole a La Tour. David Ufranc, Maitre d' Ecole de Villeseche. Jean Bertalot, Maitre d' Ecole des Prals. Order from Messrs, Bastie, 8fc. ( Vaudois Pastors) on Mr. Hill to pay £98, La Tour, dans la Vallee de Luserne, ce 22' Septerabre, 1712. Monseigneur, jours de Nous vous supplions d'avoir la bonte de payer a huit veiie par cette premiere de change a I'ordre de Mons. ORDER from MESSRS. BASTIE ON MR. HILL, ETC. 827 Jean Louis Loubier nonante huit livres Sterling pour valeur re9u du dit Monsieur. Nous soraraes, avec un entier respect, Monseigneur, Vos tres hurables et tres obeissans Serviteurs, C. Bastie, Pasteur et Moderateur. P. Reinaudin, Pasteur, &c. C. Appia, Pasteur et Secretaire. Monseigneur Hill, a Londres. [Indorsement on the Preceding.] Pour raoi payez a I'ordre de Messrs. Loubier Teissier et Gourdon le contenu cy dernier, valeur re9U des dits. Turin, le 27' Septerabre, 1712. Jean Louis Loubier. Re9u le contenu cy dernier, Londres, ce 16' Octobre, 1712. Pour Messrs. Loubier, Teissier, and Gourdon, Francis Gaussen. Receipt qf the Vaudois Pastors for £392 to Mr. Hill, Nous soussignes, pour tous les autres Pasteurs des Eglises Evangeliques des Vallees de Piemont, declarons et certifions avoir re9U de Mons. Hill de Londres, et par les mains de Mons. Loubier, Banquier a Turin, la somme ou valeur de trois cents nonante et deux livres Sterling provenant de la pieuse et Royale Charite de S.M.B., pour laquelle susdite somme nous quittons et reraercions tres hurableraent toutes les personnes qui sont a quitter et remercier, priant Dieu qu'il soit le re raunerateur de tous leurs soins charitables envers nous, en foi de quoy nous avons fait et signe la presente quittance, dans la Vallee de Luzerne, ce 5 Avril, 1714. C. Bastie, Pasteur et Moderateur. P. Reinaudin, Pasteur et Moderateur-Ajoint. C. Appia, Pasteur et Secretaire. Warrant to pay to Mr, Hill and Mr, J, Chetwynd £1000 for the benefit of the Vaudois. Order is taken this 11th of July 1716, by virtue of his Ma jesty's general letter of Privy Seal, bearing date the 29th of Sept., 1 7 14, and in pursuance of a Warrant under his Majesty's Royal sign manual, dated the 6th inst., that you deliver and pay of such his Majesty's treasure as remains in your hands unto Rich* Hill, and Jo: Chetwynd, Esq"^" or to their assigns, the sura of £1000 without account, his Majesty being gra- 5i2 828 warrant for £1000 for the vaudois. ciously pleased to place the said sura in their hands to be eraployed either in building Churches for the Vaudois, or otherwise, to relieve the necessities of the poor and distressed people inhabiting that country, as they in their judgraents and discretions shall think fit. And these together with their or their assigns' acquittance shall be your discharge herein. Will, St Quintin, Torrington, R. Edgcumbe, Exara. Halifax. Memorandum of Mr, Hill's, concerning this £1000. N.B. August 12, 1716. We divided the £1000, raention ed in this Warrant, thus, viz. : To 13 Ministers in the Valleys of Piedmont, to each of them £30 To 13 Schoolmasters at £16 each. . To 7 Ministers in the German Colonies. To 7 Schoolmasters, ditto, £16 each. To the School at Offenbach. . . . To Mons. Jordan, for his journey. . Paid for the Treasury and Exchequer Fees. £390 0 0 208 0 0 210 0 0 112 0 0 18 6 8 30 0 0. 31 13 4 £1000 0 0 Ml-. Rich* Hill received £370 6 8, which he paid by the hands of Mr. Behaghel.' Mr. Chetwynd received £598 0 0. Attached to this paper is a list of the Vaudois Ministers in Germany, as follows : — Les Ministres Vaudois etablis en Alleraagne sont les Sieurs Arnaud, le pere. Arnaud, le fils, GiRAUD, Javel. MOUTOUX. Papon. Jordan. II y a outre cela 7 Maistres d' Escole venus du Piedraont sans corapter celuy d' Offenbach. ' This sum was paid to Mr. Behaghel, by bUl at sight, dated the 12th August, 1716. Mr. Behaghel's order on Mr. HiU bears the date of.Franc- fort, 13th Sepember, 1716. The original bill, the Editor has now before him, signed by Messrs. Hill and Behaghel : also by Messrs. Frederick and VAUDOIS PASTORS TO MR. HILL. 829 From the Vaudois Pastors to Mr, Hill, au Villar, Vallee de Luzerne, le 10 Septerabre, 1718. Monsieur, Les Eglises Evangeliques des Vallees du Pieraont ont ete de tout teras les objets dela rage des ennerais de la verite, qui n'ont rien neglige de ce qui pouvoit avancer leur perte, en excitant contr' elles des persecutions tres violentes. Mais elles ont eu cet avantage dans le plus fort de leurs raiseres d' avoir eu des Josephs, qui touches de leur froissure, ont em ploye toute I'ardeur d'leur zele et de leur piete a les consoler. Nous pouvons dire avec justice que vostre Excellence paroit avec beaucoup d'avantage a la tete de nos Nehemies, puisque, de tout teras, elle a erabrasse avec la derniere chaleur les in terets de nostre pauvre Sion, et que les considerables eraplois qu'elle possede, et dont elle s'acquitte avec une approbation si generale, ne I'ont pas erapeche de jetter les yeux charitables sur nous, nous n'en pouvons pas douter, a la veiie des raouve- raents zeles qu'elle s'est donnee pour que S. M. B. eut la cha rite d'accorder quelque secours a nos Eglises, pour I'entretien de leurs Pasteurs, et Maitres d'Ecole, et nous appr enons, que ce Glorieux Monarque y a donne gracieuseraent les raains. Nous ne doutons point que ce ne soit un fruit de puissantes inter cessions de V. E. Nous nous felicitous d'avoir trouve en elle un si genereux Protecteur, qui ne se lasse jaraais de procurer du bien a ceux qui lui en font naitre l' occasion, et nous luy demandons la grace de croire que la reconnoissance la plus animee est beaucoup au dessous des sentiraents vifs dont nostre coeur est penetre, heureux si nous en pouvions donner des marques a V. E. raais encore plus heureux si nous pouvons nous proraettre d'etre honeres de la continuation de sa Bien- veuillance Paternelle. Nous esperons cette faveur de sa bonte ordinaire, c'est ce qui fait que nous prions V. E. de jetter ses yeux charitables sur le detail de I'etat present de nos Eglises, que nous prenons la liberte de luy presenter. Le 30' Juillet de 1' annee courante, on a public un ordre dans nos Vallees, qui oblige les Religionnaires a observer les fetes, et corarae V.E. est versee dans la langue Italienne, nous prenons la liberte de le luy presenter de la raerae maniere qu' il nous a ete public : — Copie de I'ordre publie dans les Vallees de Pieraont, le 30' Juillet, 1718. Vittorio Araedeo per gratia di Dio Re di Sicilia, di Jeru- Paul Jordis, merchants in London, to whom Mr. HUl was requested by Mr. Behaghel to pay the amount. 830 VAUDOIS PASTORS TO MR. HILL. saleme, et di Cypro, Duca dy Savoye, e Monferrato, Principe di Piemonte, &c: Al prime Usciere, Serviente Generale, o messo j urate richiesto, Sal. Vista I'alligata Supplica Sottoscripta dal Procuratore nostro generale subscripto Rosseto, e suo tenor considerate. Per le presenti si comraetterao e raandi- arao di far coraraandaraento e inhibitione ad ogni persona della Religione Pretesa Riforraata, delle Valli di Luzerna e San Martino, e altri luoghi a quelli conjuncti, o in essi habi tanti niessuna ecettuata, di travagliare, ne far alcune opeie ser- vili neile feste coraraandate da Sancta Madre Chiesa Catholica Apostolica Roraana, alia raente del Capo Secondo del Editto delli 25 Giugno 1620. Come anche di far coraraandaraento, e injunctione alii Catholici e Catholizati di dette Valli, o in essi habitanti di sentire la Messa, e predicha tanto ne giorni di Domenica che altre feste come sopra coraraandate, alia mente del Capo prime del Editto di 18 Decembre 1622. II tutto sotto le pene in detti editti espresso raandando a tal effetto alii ordinarii de respettivi luoghi, in caso di contraventione di prenderne Suramarie et Secrete inforraationi, e quelli chiuse e sigillato transraetter neile raani del detto Procuratore nostro Generale Subscripto per esser contro li delinquenti provisto conforme a ragione e justitia. Dichiarando I'esecutione delle presenti di far si al raodo supplicate Vale che tale nostra mente. Dat in Penerolo li 14 Juglio, e del nostro Regno il quinto. Nous prenons la hardiesse d'inforraer V.E. que d'abord que cet ordre nous a ete publie nous avons pris la liberte de re- courir a S.M., notre Souverain, raais sans succes, ce qui a rais nos peuples dans la derniere consternation, attendu que c'est une infraction raanifeste de I'Edit de nostre retablisseraent fait I'an 1694. V. E. aura la bonte de reraarquer, que corarae nostre pays est domine par I'lnquisition, il y a beaucoup plus de fetes qu'ailleurs a quoy les Cath. Rom, peuvent facilement se soumettre parceque ce n'est pas contre les principes de leur conscience, outre que tous ceux qui demeurent parrai nous sont exerapts de tous Irapots Royaux, pendant qu 'il faut que nous les payions a la derniere rigueur, nous voyons bien que cet Edit n'a en veue que nostre perte, vu I'amende consider able qui est infiigee a ceux qui desobeiront, et qui consiste a 300 Ecublancs pour la premiere fois, et 600 la 2', et ainsi tou jours en doublant, et le tiers de cette somme est assignee au delateur, ce qui fait que les Cath, Rom, courent jusques sur les plus hautes raontagnes, pour en surprendre quelqu'un, et lorsqu'il n' y aura plus de bien, peine corporelle. On enleve tous les jours des enfans dans nos Vallees, sans qu'on ose Ten plaindre, et surtout dans la Vallee de la Perouze, et cela se fait avec r aveu et sous la protection du Corate Picon, connii de celui qui est Agent de nostre Souverain aupres du Roy de la VAUDOIS PASTORS TO MR. HILL. 831 Grande Bretagne. Nous aurions plusieurs autres griefs a pre senter a V. E., raais nous craignons de lasser sa patience, nous la supplions avec toute I'humilite dont nous soraraes capables, qu' elle veuille faire de tout ce que nous avons 1' honneur de luy presenter I'usage que sa prudence consoraraee trouvera a propos, et de croire que nous ne cesserons de pousser des voeux tres ardents au Ciel pour la prosperite de V. E,, et de tous ceux qui ont 1' honneur de luy appartenir, la priant de nous permettre que nous y ajoutions la protestation la plus humble du raonde qui est que nous soraraes avec un profond respect, De V. E. Les tres hurables, tres obeissants, et obliges Serviteurs, les Pasteurs des Eglises Evangel iques de Pieraont, et pour tous, P. Reinaudin, Pasteur et Moderateur, C, Appia, Pasteur et Ajoint, P. Appia, Pasteur et Secretaire du Synode. C. Bastie, Pasteur a La Tour. J. Bastie, Pasteur au Villar. J. ViNC. Arnaud, Pasteur a Angrogne. A S. E. Mons, Hill, From M, J, Signoret f Vaudois Pastor) to Mr, HiU, a Prals, ce 21' Octobre, 1719. Monsieur, et tres honore Bienfacteur, Corarae je vous suis redevable apres Dieu de tout ce que j' ai dans ce raonde, cela rae fait prendre la liberte de vous ecrire de tems en tems, pour vous en temoigner ma reconnois sance ; ce que je ferois plus souvent, si j'osois, et si je ne craig- nois pas de vous incomraoder; puisque je ne me suis pas fait I'honneur de vous ecrire depuis Geneve, il rae serable que raon devoir m'y oblige granderaent a present, pour vous faire savoir raon etat dans ces lieux, aussi bien que le nom et la situation de l' Eglise que je dessers. Premiereraent je prends la liberte de vous inforraer que je suis raarie depuis le coraraeneeraent du mois de Juin passe, et que j'ai I'honneur d'avoir epouse la niece de Mons. Loubier de Turin, et des Messieurs 'marchands a Londres : elle est fille de fu Mons. Bousanquet ' a Schaffhouse : elle a un frere qui deraeure chez Mons. ' a Turin, qui est aussi raarchand. Elle vous assure de ses tres hurables respects par la presente quoiqu' elle n'aie pas l' honneur de vous connoitre, raais entant qu'elle appartient a un de vos tres IMS. mutilated. 832 MONS. J. signoret (vaudois pastor) to MR. HILL. hurables serviteurs. L' Eglise qu'on ra'avoit accordee du teras que jetois en Angleterre et qu'il y a un an que je dessers, s' appelle Prals, et son annexe Rodoret, dans la Vallee de St. Martin ; la plus haute eglise et en meme tems la plus penible que nous ayons dans nos Vallees, puisqu' il me faut traverser une raontagne qui est entre 1' eglise et son annexe, qui est tres dangereuse, surtout en byver, et qu'il arrive tres souvent qu' il est irapossible de la traverser. Mon etat ici n' est pas tout-a-fait corarae on le pourroit souhaiter, puisqu' outre la fatigue que j'ai, je suis tres raai recorapense ; car I'annexe ne m' a signe que 16 livres de Pieraont, qui sont peu de chose corarae vous le savez, en esperance que ces charites que vous (et plusieurs autres bienfaiteurs que nous avons le bonheur d' avoir en Angleterre) nous aviez procurees, viendroient de jour en jour, car autrefois cette annexe accordoit a leur Ministre 150 livres de ce pais, et 1' eglise 300 livres, qui faisoit en tout 450 livres ; et quoiqu' il y aie un an que je suis ici, cependant je n' ai encore tire que 40 livres d' un cote et quatre sacs de bled de I'autre ; ra'etant servi jusques a present de ce que j'avois apporte d'Angleterre, mais corarae cela etait expire, j' ai ete oblige de leur en deraander, pour pouvoir suppleer a raes besoins ; mais iis m' ont tellement touche le coeur quand je leur ai parle la dessus, que je n'ai pas pu insister d'avantage, ra'allegnant premiereraent qu' iis esperoient que ces charites viendroient (car si elles viennent, eux ne ra'accordent puis en tout que 50 livres Eglise [et] An nexe.) En 2* lieu qu'ils n'etoient plus qu'un peu de raonde et que plusieurs qui etoient d'entre eux les ont quittes et se sont jetes [entre les bras] de I'Eglise-Romaine, afin de ne payer ni taille ni rainistres, [car le] Roi leur fait presque toutes les annees grace de leur [taille, et] pour ce qui est de leurs pretres, sa Majeste leur donne une pension de 500 livres toutes les annees, de sorte que corarae vous voyez, nos pauvres gens qui sont charges de grosses tallies et plusieurs autres irapots, ont des tres grandes tentations a surraonter ; puisqu' il faut que tout ce qu'ils peuvent gagner aille a payer leurs tallies &c. Je suis persuade que si vous les voyiez, vous seriez encore plus erau de corapassion envers eux que je ne le saurois etre ; car je connois par experience que vous avez un coeur veritableraent erau envers tous ceux qui sont persecutes pour la cause de Christ ; c'est pourquoi, ne doutant nulleraent que s'il est en votre pouvoir de leur arder en quelque raaniere vous ne le fassiez. Je n'ajouterai plus rien autre pour le present, sinon que je suis avec une tres grande souraission. Monsieur, et tres honore Bienfaiteur, Votre tres hurable et tres oblige serviteur, [A Mons, Hill,] Jean Signoret. the queen of SARDINIA TO MR, HILL, 833 From the Queen of Sardinia to Mr. Hill, M} Hill, Si nous ne fussions autant persuadee, que nous la soraraes de votre partialite pour ce qui nous regarde, les vives expressions que vous nous faites au sujet du raariage du Prince de Piemont, mons fils, nous en seroit une preuve convaincante, Aussi en soraraes nous conviee a vous en teraoigner, ainsi que nous fesons, notre particulier agreraent de raerae que notre dis position toujours favorable pour ce qui vous regarde ; et sur ce nous prions Dieu qu' il vous ait en so sainte garde, a Turin, ce 25 Avril 1722. a M' Hill, Anne. From Mr, Isaac Behaghel to Mr. HiU. Francfort, ce 24' Septerabre, 1711. Monsieur, Mess" les Ministres et Maitres d' Escole Vaudois qui sont dans ces quartiers ayant appris que votre Excellence avoit receu la coraraission de votre grande et pieuse Reyne de leur faire avoir a 1' advenir leur pension et dont deux annees sont eschues, iis ra' ont apporte la lettre cy-jointe et me prie de I'envoyer a votre Excellence et d'y ajouter quelques mots en leur faveur. Je suis bien aise. Monsieur, que cela me donne 1' occasion et r honneur de vous escrire ne doubtant ou votre Excellence se souviendra encore de moy, et de ce que nous avons fait ensemble dans son passage icy ou autrement. Si je suis ca pable a vous faire quelques services en ces quartiers, il vous plaira de me coraraander libreraent, Et si votre Excellence agree qu'apres le depart de M, Davenant je coraraunique ce qui se passe icyje ne manqueray d' observer vos ordres. Quand aux susdits Vaudois s' il y a quelqu' argent pour eux, je vous prie de le payer a raes arais. Mess" Olraius, Banquiers a Londres, et par leur canal je le feray passer en corapte, et je le leur payeray icy. Ou quaud votre Excellence le fasse passer par un autre canal il faut necessaireraent observer le regleraent que j' ay fait entre eux, ces que les 7 Ministres ont 13 Maitres d' Escole, quelques colonies s' estant separe et dont Leur Hautes Puis sances entretiennent des Ministres, Comrae j'ay donne il y quelques annees les esclaircisseraens a ray Lord Archeveque de Canterbury et en general a tous les Seigneurs qui raanient les [recettes] de la collecte, et autres gens pieuses. My Lord Peterborough est icy depuis 3 jours, Hier M, 1' Electeur Palatin arriva icy aussi, et on croit que le 2 Octobre 5k 834 M. ISAAC BEHAGHEL TO MR. HILL. I'Election se fera. Dieulabenie. Cecy en grande hate. Jesuis avec un profond respect, De Votre Excellence, Le tres hurable et tres obeissant serviteur, A Monsieur Isaac Behaghel. Monsieur Hill, Cy-devant Envoye Extraordinaire de Sa Ma jeste Britannique aupres Son Al tesse Royale, te Due de Savoye, cl Londres, Par Couvert. From Vaudois Pastors to Mr, Hill. a Francfort, Sur le Mein, ce 20' Septerabre, 1711. Monsieur, Nous avons appris avec les sentiraens d'une juste re connoissance que votre Excellence avoit bien voulu se charger de prendre soin des entretiens, qu'il plait a notre grande et charitable Reine de continuer aux Pasteurs, qui sont restes dans les Vallees, et aux sept qui en furent exiles en 1698, et qui exercent actuelleraent leur Ministere dans les colonies establies dans le Wirtemberg et aux environs de cette Ville. Nous I'avons aussi appris avec les raouveraens d'une singu- liere joye, puisque nous ne doutons pas que votre Excellence n'ait la bonte de donner ses ordres, non seuleraent afin que nous puissons toucher au plutot les deux annees, qui seront ecoulees dans peu de jours, et dont nous soraraes entiereraent en arriere, mais encore afin que nous puissions toucher les suivantes dans leur teras, et telles que nous les touchions dans le Pieraont, s9avoir cent ecus d'Angleterre pour chaque Pas teur, et cinquante pour chaque Maitre d' Ecole. M. le Che valier Chardin a este ci-devant le canal, par lequel ces entretiens nous sont parvenus, raais son age et ces indispositions, corarae il nous r a teraoigne plusieurs fois, I'erapechant de 1' estre ci- apres, nous avons jette les yeux sur Mess"' Jean et Herman Olraius, et nous avons joint a nos prieres une procuration afin qu'ils suppleent a son defaut, et que ce qui leur sera remis iis nous le fassent tenir, corarae par le passe, par les raains de Mons. Behaghel, leur correspondant, et un de nos raeil- leurs arais. Si votre Excellence jugeoit apropos de se ser vir de cette voye nous lui en serious d'autant plus obUges que nous avons eprouve leur probite et leur exactitude, et que nous soraraes persuades que nous ne serous pas dans la souf- france pour ne recevoir la grace de sa Majeste qu' avec renvois from vaudois PASTORS TO MR. HILL, ETC. 835 et retarderaent. Nous faisons mille voeux pour la conserva tion et la prosperite de votre Exc, et soraraes avec un profond respect, Monsieur, De Votre Excellence, Les tres hurables et tres obeissans serviteurs, pour tous, ' Papon, Pasteur Vaudois. [& Mons. Hill.] J. MouTous, Pasteur Vaudois. From Mr. John Olmius to Mr, Hill, Old Jewry, the 3rd October, 1711. Sir, Your obliging letter of Sunday last carae to hand the day following. Your enclosed for ray worthy good friend, Mr. Isaac Behaghel, was sent hira yesterday. At any tirae when you have raoney to send hira, if you please to let rae know it, ^ penny post, [I] will take care of it, and rerait it him, as [1] usually was wont to do, when Sir John Char din received the pension for the Vaudois, As all Mr. Be haghel's affairs pass through my hands, [I] have frequently occasion to write him ; therefore if you have at any other tirae occasion to write hira, [you] raay please to send rae your letters for hira, which [I] shall send forward. I ara. Sir, Your raost hurable servant, [Mr, Hill,] John Olmius. From Mr, Isaac Behaghel to Mr, HiU, Francfort, ce 29' Octobre, 1711, S.N. Monsieur, J'ai receu il y a trois jours I'honneur de la tres agreable votre du ', et vous suis fort oblige pour les expres sions tres obligeantes d'araitie envers raoy. Je tacheray de les raeriter toujours et j'auray un tres grand plaisir d'avoir quelqu' occasion de vous servir en toutes occasions qui se presenterent. J'attendray toujours avec plaisir vos chers coraraandements. Quand a la coraraission que me donnez. Monsieur, pour payer la pension que notre grande et pieuse Reyne a accouturae de donner aux 7 Ministres et 7 Maitres d'Escole Vaudois refugies dans L' Alleraagne en Wurturaberg, Darrastadt, et a 1' entour d'icy. J'aurois volontiers soubshaite que raa lettre fusse venue I See page 828. ^ Date omitted in the original. 5k2 836 M. ISAAC BEHAGHEL TO MR. HILL. 15 jours plutot entre vos raains a fin qu'auriez peu payer 1' argent a Mess" Olraius, raes correspondants, pour que je 1' aurois peu payer aux dits Messieurs sans autres obstacles, et sans qu'ils ayent souffert la moindre perte, car je leur ay tou jours paye I'argent selon le change d'entre icy et Londres, sans leur corapter la moindre provision. Ainsi d'abord que Mons. le Chevalier Chardin les avoit paye a M, Olraius, et que j' avois receu I'advis I'argent a este pret icy pour eux. Presenteraent je trouve 2 choses a vous dire et a proposer. Sans I'esclaircisse- raent de celuy je ne pourray pas faire la distribution corarae j' ay dit a M. Papon, un des Ministres, auquel j'ay fait vos cora- pliraents, et qui vous en remercie par cette de tres bon coeur. Prera"'- Votre Excellence raarque qu'ils avoyent receu £359 sterling pour une annee de pension que desirez que je leur bienifie. Mais, Monsieur, je crois qu'il y en a abus dans la somrae. Car iis n'ont receu que pendant 6 ou 8 ans pas d'avan tage que £229 sterling par an de M. le Chevalier Chardin, c'est a dire pour les 7 Ministres et leur 7 Maitres d'Escole, (pourtant faut il S9avoir que puisque les colonies sont dispersees et qu' iis n' ont peu deraeurer ensemble dans les raerae village qu' iis ont eu besoins 13 Maitres d' Escole, auxquels on fait avec leur approbation et consenteraent la distribution pour les 7, a 13 Maitres d'Escole. Maiscelanedonnerienalachosecapitale. Et le corapte reste toujours sur le raerae pied de 7 Ministres et autant de Maitres d'Escole) qui sont exiles dans I'Alleraagne corarae susdit. II y en a encore quelques uns restes en Pie raont dont le norabre est, si je ne rae trorape, 5 Ministres et 5 Maitres d'Escole et M. le Chevalier Chardin leur a fait corapter leur portion par la voye de Geneve, il rae serable, par le canal de M. Callandrini, ce que le dit M. Chardin vous pourra dire ; car si vous rae voudriez envoyer, comme il serable, aussi 1' argent pour ceux des Vallees, je n'en peu avoir coraraodite icy, pour le leur faire avoir. C est vray ces Messieurs Ministres et Maitres d' Escole d'icy sont en arriere de 2 annees eschu a la St. Michel passe, et les 2 quittances sont aussi entre les raains de Messieurs Olraius, raais le norabre de £359 ne suffit de payer pour deux annees 2 fois £229, qui font £458, ce seroit £101 trop peu; et c'est trop pour une annee seule, telleraent qu'il faut que j'aye un esclaircisseraent, sans quoy je ne pourrois rien payer 2'. Le second obstacle est celle-cy, et dont il y en aura un grand abus, dans la reraise de l' argent, car le change d' icy ^ Londres est presenteraent25 pour cent, et ces Messieurs Santini et Seignoret ne bienifient que 14 pour cent ce qui differe 1 1 pour cent ce qui ue peut pas etre, s'ils vouloyent avoir § ^ct. pour eux et |^ct. pour M. Couvreur, ce que leur faut pour la provision ordinaire corarae aux raarchands la differ- M. LSAAC BEHAGHEL TO MR. HILL, 837 ence seroit pourtant encore 10 pour cent, ce qui ne peut pas etre et je n'oseray pas les leur porter en corapte de cette raa niere, car iis s' imagineroyent que je leur en voulois faire du tort, dont Dieu ra'gardera. Et pour vous faire raieux cora- prendre la chose je vous I'expliqueray corarae suit, Vous dites avoir paye a M. Santini £359 sterling, et dont iis vous avoyent donne la lettre de change de r. 1817, raonnoye a la charge de M. Couvreur, qu' il a-t aussi acceptee, £359 sterling selon le change d'icy pour Londres sur lequel pied je les aurois aussi paye a eux quand auriez fait le paye raent a Messrs, Olmius a 25 ^ ct., doit rendre r. 1994 40 ; Ou bien s' iis vouloyent rabattre pour leur provision un pour cent le change devroit etre compte a 24 ^ct. qui fait r. 1978 47. Mais iis ne comptent que 14 ^ ct. et ainsi 10 ^ct. trop peu, et £359 a 14 ^ ct, font r, 1818, 8, qui est un abus notoire, et que vous. Monsieur, sans doute, n'entendiez pas, et par cette raison je vous I'explique, et vous en informe. Car la difference est r, 177 sur la partie qui ne peut pas aller comrae cela. Vous leur pouvez faire voir la copie de ce que je vous raande a fin qu'ils vous en fassent bienifier I'erreur ou I'abus. En attendant j'ay cru faire bien laisser recevoir I'argent. M. Couvreur ra'a prorais de le payer deraain. Je luy ay fait voir cet abus, raais il rae dit que ce n'etoit point son affaire, qu'il n'en avoit que la siraple provision, et qu' il ne se raeloit point. J'etois d'inten- tion au coraraeneeraent de vous renvoyer la lettre de change, raais ne connoissant pas ces Mess" Santini et Signoret on a cru faire bien que je prenne I'argent chez raoy. En attendant votre esclaircisseraent sur ces 2 points et obstacles. J'envois cette lettre par I'envelope de Messrs. Olraius ou- verte, parceque vous m'avez aussi envoye la votre par leur canal ouverte afin qu'ils puissent voir ce que se passe et de vous expliquer I'affaire du change si peut-etre ne le pourriez comprendre et vous assister que M. Santini vous en donnent raison. M. le Baron de Forstner a envoye chez moy il y a 12 jours pour me parler. Je luy ay envoye mon cousin. II luy disoit de vouloir etre inforrae par un rainistre de I'etat des Colonies. Je luy ay envoye M. Papon, mais il ne luy a pas trouve chez luy, et en apres il est parti sans que je I'ay peu parler. Je n'y a per sonne icy ny ailleurs. Monsieur, qui vous puisse esclaircir sur les affaires des colonies, puisque j'ay eu la peine de la part de l' Angleterre par ordre de Mr. d'Herwart de faire conjoncteraent avec Mr. Volkeraer de la part d'Hollande, les etablisseraents, ce qui ra'a cause une telle peine et perte de teras que je ne voudrois plus le faire pour beaucoup d'argent. J'espere que Mr, Davenant sera bientot expedie avec une bonne somrae d'argent pour payer ses creanciers icy, qui rae 838 M. ISAAC BEHAGHEL TO MR. HILL. viennent solliciter tous les jours. Sans doute Mr. Zollnoffre retournera avec lui. My Lord Peterborough nous a quitte, et est alle a Augsbourg. Je vous recoraraande a la protection divine, et suis de tout mon coeur avec tout le respect, De Votre Excellence, Le tres humble et tres obeissant Serviteur, & Monsieur Isaac Behaghel. Monsieur Richard Hill, Esq,, Cy-devant Envoye Extra ordinaire, de Sa Majeste Britan nique vers Son Altesse Royale, le Due de Savoye. ci London — Richmond. Par Couvert. From Mr. Isaac Behaghel to Mr. Hill. Francfort, ce 24' Decembre, 1711. Monsieur, J' ai bien receu 1' honneur de votre tres agreable lettre du 13' Novembre. La raison pourquoy je n'ay pas repondu plutot est que je n'ay peu venir a, bout avec Mons. Couvreur touchant la difference du change des £359 remise, puisqu' il voulut escrire auparavant a ses amis a Arasterd[ara] pour S9a- voir comraent regler I'affaire. C'est seuleraent aujourd'huy que I'affaire fut finie a la place de 14 ^ct., environ a 24^ ^ct., telleraent qu' il ra' a paye encore r. 169|, qui est environ corarae le change estoit alors que I'argent fut rerais. Enfin la chose est regie. Et je suis bien aise qu'il est torabe entre raes mains pour decouvrir I'abus pour le bien de ces pauvres gens. Quand a la distribution j' ay commence de la feire de puis hier a ceux qui sont dans le voisinage d' icy. Et Mess" Papon et Jordan joindront un petit billet cy-joint pour vous le dire eux-meraes. Maintenant il rae faut escrire a tous les autres colonies esloignees pour leur donner part receu de I'ar gent et de s9avoir par quelle place iis les veulent avoir rerais et pour vous faire raieux coraprendre la distribution de ces £229. Corarae cela a este regie depuis 12 ans et plus avec grande peine principaleraent touchant les Maitres d'Escole des quelles il y a plus que 7, puisque les Vaudois sont disperses en d'autres Villages a s9avoir 12, et encore a Holsappel une petite colo nic qui fait la 13'. Je vous envois icy-joint une specification avec les noras des Ministres et les lieux oii iis demeurent avec leurs Maitres d'Escole. Vous comprendrez fort aisement M. ISAAC BEHAGHEL TO MR. HILL. 839 comrae la chose se fait. Si desiriez s9avoir encore autre esclair cisseraent mandez le raoy. Monsieur, et je vous le marqueray. Quand aux £100 sterling pour M. Arnaud, il est toujours en vie ; il ra'a ordonne de les payer icy a un arai ; raais il ne m'en- voie point de quittance, ce que pourtant j'avois deraande de luy. J' en procureray une ; et vous la remettrai. Touchant les £30 sterling pour 1' Escole d' Offenbach, M. Brbske le Preraier Ministre de la Comte est bien aise de s9avoir I'argent entre mes mains. II le viendra querir apres les fetes. lis ont este en grande peine pourquoy M. le Chevalier Chardin ne leur a pas repondu. Je vous enverray aussi sa quittance. Les Ministres Vaudois esperent qu' on leur remettra bientot d' autre argent puisqu' iis sont encore une annee en arriere. S' il y a quelque chose, vous le pourrez payer seulement a Mess" Olmius s'il vous plait, et il sera bien paye. Avant-hier le Roy des Reraains fut couronne icy pour I'Erapereur Charles VI, et graces a Dieu le tout s'est passe sans la raoindre desordre. Le Bon Dieu luy veuille donner une heureuse et salutaire regno. C'est un prince fort deux et de grande esperance. My Lord Cornbury, M. S' John M. Watkins, et autres Messieurs Anglois I'ont vu aussi a leur contenteraent. My Lord Peterborough retournera d' Augs bourg p[ar] Turin, et ne viendra pas icy. Mr. Davenant sera encore a Londres ; nous luy attendons avec une bonne sorarae d' Argent pour payer ses dettes. Je suis de tout raon coeur avec beaucoup de respect. Monsieur, Votre tres humble et tres obeissant Serviteur, Isaac Behaghel. Corarae j'ay debourse beaucoup de ports de lettres en soli- citant cet argent, et qu'il faut escrire a tous les colonies qui conte du moins 8 ou 9r., je compte au net 24^ct. de la distri bution, corarae je suis convenu avec eux. Je ne charge point de profit, et ay fait la peine depuis 16 Annees de I'etablisseraent (corarae Mons. d'Herwart S9ait, qui ra'en avoit donne la Com mission de la part d'Angleterre) et distribution des deniers ; mais je ne dois pas avoir de la perte non plus, telleraent qu'il est juste qu'ils rae reraboursent le port des lettres debourse cela pour votre gouverne[raent.] & Son Excellence, Monsieur Richard Hill, Esq., Richmond. Les £229 sterling que Son Excellence Monsieur Richard Hill, Esq"^' m' a remis pour compte des 7 Ministres et Maitres 840 M. ISAAC behaghel to MR. HILL. d' Escole Vaudois, en date Noverabre, 171 1, ont este distribues de la raaniere suivante. Ces £229 sterling font fl526 40 Pour le change entre icy et Londres a 24 ^ ct. f 366 24 Faysant enserable f 18934' Lesquelles doivent etre partage, Les I pour les 7 Ministres Vaudois fl262 0 J pour les Maistres f 631 4 fl893 ~l Les sept Ministres Vaudois sont Au Paysr M. Henry Arnaud, a Dirraents f 180 17 Wirtem-}^- ^^^^ GiRAUD, a Wiertheira f 180 17 berg"*' J ^- SciPioN Arn AUD, a Knitlingen f 1 80 17 f M. Jaques Javel, a Heyinsheira f 1 80 17 PaysdeDarmstad,M. Jaques Papon, a Meerfelden f 180 17 de Romberg, M. David Jordan, a Horabourg f 180 17 de Darmstad, M. Jaques Moutoux, a Rosibach f 1 80 18 fl262 0 Les Maitres d'Escole sont partage en loge dans 13 diverses Villages a S9avoir : Celuy de Dirraents f 50 de Wiertheira f 50 da Knitlingen f 50 de Heyinsheira f 50 de Meerfelden f50 de Horabourg f 50 de Rosibach f 50 Dans ces Col- /^ de Braskenheira f 50 onies L,H P.y jg Siraersheira f 50 'MMstres''>" Wurraberg f 50 avec encore ]deWeechtenbich,Manclieblay &c.f 50 divers autres /de Waldenberg 50 ViUages. ^ de Holtsappel, le reste 31 4 631 4 fl893 4 Francfort, ce 24 Decerabre, 1711. Isaac Behaghel. From Vaudois Pastors to Mr. Hill. a Francfort, ce 23' Decerabre, 1711. Monsieur, Nous ne saurions assez vous remercier, pour nous et Mess" nos Collegues de ce que vous avez eu la bonte de nous faire center, par Mons. Behaghel, £229 sterling, ou la juste VAUDOIS PASTORS TO MR. HILL, ETC. 841 valeur. Cette somme estant pour I'entretien des Pasteurs et des Maitres d'Ecole, pendant I'annee qui a fini le P Octobre, 1710, vous jugez assez qu'elle a eu son eraploi beaucoup a- vant la reception, et que nous aurions besoin d'en toucher une pareille, pour I'annee suivante, qui a fini le P Octobre der nier. Nous osons esperer. Monsieur, que vous voudriez bien y tenir la raain, afin que nous puissions subsister par la, sans qu'il nous faille venir a des emprunts. C'estoit environ dans ce tems ici, que Mons. le Chevalier Chardin retiroit nos entretiens pour r annee echue, et qu' il nous les envoyoit sur nos quittances, et ce que nous soraraes restes tant en arriere a este apparemraent un effet de son age et de son estat. Nous ne vous reitererons pas. Monsieur, que dans le Piemont nous retirions cent ecus d' Angleterre chaque Pasteur, et 50 chaque Maitre d' Ecole, et que depuis que nous sommes dans ce pays, nous n'avons jamais retire la raerae chose, nous raanquant annu- elleraent plus de 30 pieces sur le total. Si cela pouvoit se redresser par vos soins charitables, nous vous en aurions les dernieres obligations. Nous avous appris avec une juste dou- leur vos indispositions, et nous faisons raille voeux, afin que Dieu vous en delivre par sa grace, et vous rende une Sante entiere et longue, vous corablant et les votres des benedictions les plus precieuses. Nous soraraes avec respect, et avec recon noissance. Monsieur, Vos tres hurables et tres obeissans Serviteurs, Pour S. Exc. Papon, Pasteur Vaudois. Mons. Hill, Sfc. D. Jordan, Pasteur Vaudois.' Receipt from Mr. John Olmius to Mr. Hill. July 28th, 1712. I confess to have received from the hands of Mr. Hill, for 6 months' payment of the Pension which the Queen is pleased to allow to the Vaudois in Germany, viz : For the several Ministers, £114 10 For the Schoolmasters at Offenbach 15 0 And for Monsieur Arnaud 50 0 £179 10 together one hundred seventy and nine pounds ten shillings, which I do promise to remit to them, by the hands of Mr. Isaac Behaghel, of Francfort. I say received For Self and Brother, John Olmius. 1 Dr. Lloyd, Bishop of St. Asaph, considered the killing of the two Witnesses, (Rev. c. 11), the destruction, by the French, and the Duke of Savoy, of the Cevennes Protestants, and the Waldenses and Pyrenean 5l 842 RECEIPT OF M. ARNAUD FOR THE ROYAL PENSION. Receipt of Mons. H, Arnaud for the Royal Pension. Le soussigne confesse avoir receu des raains de Mons. Isaac Behaghel, Marchand Banquier a Francfort sur le Mein, la sorarae de cinquante livres sterling, ou la juste valeur, que Son Excellence Mens. Hill a eu la bonte de lui faire center, et c'est par ordre de la glorieuse et charitable Reyne de la grande Bretagne, qui honore raa familie dc sa Pension Royale, dontje re9ois la raoitie pour I'annee raille sept cent et dix, avec des vifs ressentimens, et de voeux continues pour sa sacree personne, et des heureux succes pour toutes ses entreprises. Fait au Lieu de Tirments, Pays de Wirteraberg, ce 30' Aoust 1712. Henry Arnaud,' Pasteur des Vaudois. From Directors of Offenbach School to Mr. Hill. Offenbach, le 3' Septerabre I'an 1712. Monsieur, Par I'avertisseraent de Mons. Isaac Behaghel, a Franc fort, nous Savons de nouveau les soins que votre Excellence a eraploye pour I'interest denotre Ecole etnousn'avons pasvoulu raanquer de vous signifier que nous avons bien receu les quinze livres derniereraent envoyees, et de vous en remercier tres humbleraent, ajoutant en raerae teraps la quittance ordinaire. Et nous prions votre Excellence de nous conserver les Graces Royales, et celles des Messeigneurs les Prelats du Sacre College, avec les votres. Cependant nous ne laisserons pas de sollici ter le Ciel, qu' il preserve a nous et a toute la Chretiente Sa Majeste I'incoraparable Reyne, de la Grande Bretagne et qu' Christians, who had kept the primitive faith, if not from the times ofthe Apostles, from a very early period. And so persuaded was he of it, that he encouraged two Refugee Vaudois Ministers to return to their country, and furnished them with £20 towards their journey, at the very time when nothing but universal destruction was to be expected, assuring them, and shewing them from the Apocalypse, that their countrymen should be returned safely to their country before they arrived. On their return they heard the joyful news of the deliverance and restitution of their country. The name of one of those Ministers was Jordan, as mentioned by Bp. Newton, in his Dissertations on the Prophecies. The Editor be lieves that individual to be M. D. Jordan, who writes to Mr. HiU, as above, in conjunction with M. Papon. ' The Commander of the intrepid band of 800 exiled Vaudois, who left the Swiss territory on the 16th of August, 1689, and, entering Savoy with their swords in their hands, recovered their ancient possessions, from which they had been driven in the dreadful persecution of 1686. He afterwards wrote an account of the glorious enterprise, under the title of La glorieuse rentrie des Vaudois dans leurs ValUes. The work has been translated into English by Mr. A eland, and forms with its illustrations a beautiful volume. DIRECTORS OF OFFENBACH SCHOOL TO MR. HILL. 843 il prenne toujours en sa sainte protection la personne et 1' illustre familie de votre Excellence. Deraeurant sans cesse, Monsieur, De Votre Excellence, Les tres hurables et tres obeissans serviteurs, Matthias Stork, Conseiller, et Directeur de l' Ecole, Conrad Broske, Ministre de Cour, et Directeur de I'Ecole. Receipt for Royal Pension for the School at Offenbach, Quindecira libras sternlingorum, Serenissirase ac Po- tentissiraae Annse Magnae Britanniae Reginae raunificentia, per Dominum Richardura Hill, Equitera generosissimum, hue transmissas, e manibus Doraini Isaaci Behaghel, Mercatoris Francofurtensis, tanquara diraidiura salariura anni MDCCXI usque ad annum MDCCXII, ad sustentationem Scholas hujus loci, nos bene accepisse, hisce testaraur. Offenbaci ad Maenura die 3 Septerabris anno MDCCXII. Matthias Stork, L. S. ' Consiliarius Isenburgius, et Curator Scholas. CoNRADUS BroSKENIUS, Pastor Aulicus, et Curator Scholae. From Mr. Isaac Behaghel to Mr. Hill. a Francfort, ce 22 Mars, 1714. Monsieur, J'ay bien receu I'honneur de la chere votre du 22 Fev rier S. v., et suis bien aise de voir la continuation de votre bonne sante. Dieu vous conserve pour longues annees, et rae donne occasion de vous pouvoir etre utile en quelques choses en ces quartiers. Vous avez. Monsieur, fort rejoui les Ministres et Maitres d'Escole Vaudois de leur avoir rerais ou donne esperance de reraettre quelque argent pour eux de la Pension Royale. J' ay envoye la lettre de change de £150 sterling au Wirtera berg pour y etre signe ou endosse, comme aussi celle pour Mons'' Arnaud de £100 sterling ; et d'abord que je les auray receu de retour je vous les enverray; mais comrae ces gens deraeurent disperses dans quelques villages assez eloignes l' une de I'autre, il faudroit bien avoir quelque seraaine pour le ravoir. Vous aurez meux fait d'avoir paye cet argent a Mess" I On the Seal is inscribed A[lma Master Britannia. Sigillum Scholcp. Offenbaciensis. 5l2 841 M. ISAAC BEHAGHEL TO MR. HILL. Olmius, et je le leur aurois peu payer icy dans notre procbaine foire. Mais puisqu' il vous a pleu autrement j' en suis con tent ; et si le voudriez faire encore, je vous promets de vous envoyer leur quittances, ou votre lettre de change d'abord receue. Les £100 sont pour M. Arnaud, sur quoy il n'y a rien de dire; mais, Monsieur, c'est necessaire que je sache comment distribuer les £150. Apparemraent iis seront corame d' ordinaire f , ou £100 pour les 7 Ministres Vaudois, et 5, ou £50 pour les Maitres de Escole, sur quoy j'attends votre ordre positive en approbation. Vous pourriez donner seuleraent votre lettre de response aux dits Mess" Olraius. Je vous a'y voulu escrire I'etat des colonies; raais puisque M. Papon, un des Ministres, a fait la cy-jointe lettre, et rae prie de la vous envoyer je rae refere a icelle. Quand a la lettre de change de £30 sterling pour I'Escole d'Offenbach, je l' ay fait signer par Mess" les Regents, et Cu- rateurs de I'Escole, et leur ay raerae paye la valeur sur leurs fortes sollicitations. J' envoye la lettre de change a Mess" Olraius endossee en leur faveur, et vous prie de leur payer les £30 steriing. J' attends 1' honneur de votre reponse, et suis de tout raon coeur. Monsieur, Votre tres hurable et tres obeissant serviteur, a Monsieur Hill. Isaac Behaghel. Ce n'est pas besoin de rae recoraraander ces pauvres gens ; car iis rae sont fort a coeur, puisque j'ay fait par ordre de M. d' Herwart la distribution Anglaise des collectes. Quand M. Valkeraer en faisoit leur etablisseraent, et grands et petits ont journelleraent leur recours a raoy. From, .Mr. Isaac Behaghel to Mr. Hill. a Francfort, ce 13' Septerabre, 1716. Monsieur, J'ay bien receu par voye de Hanover, et par les raains de Monsieur Robeton, I'bonneur de la tres agreable votre du 12' Aout, comrae aussi celle de Monsieur Chetwynd. J'ay veu comrae on avoit trouve bon de disposer des £1000 sterling, que Mons. d'Herwart avoit rerais a la Tresorie.' Les £340 6 sterling ra'ordonnez de payer aux Ministres et Maitres d'Escole Vaudois, corame aussi a I'Escole de Offenbach, et a M. Jordan pour les despens de son voyage, seront exacte raent paye, et d'abord que je pourray avoir les quittances iis vous seront envoye pour votre decharge, et pour la mienne. ' See page 828. M. ISAAC BEHAGHEL TO MR. HILL, 845 J'ay envoye votre lettre de change a Mess" Jaques, Fred'' et Paul Jordis, Marchands a Londres, endosse en leur faveur, vous priant de la leur payer. Je rae recoraraande a I'honneur de vos bonnes graces, et suis de tout raon coeur avec tout le respect. Monsieur, Votre tres hurable et tres obeissant serviteur, [a Mons. Hill.] Isaac Behaghel, Je salue de tout raon coeur Mons, Chetwynd. APPENDIX I. ( Translations.) (Mr, Hill's Credentials to the Duke of Savoy : see p, 1,) Anne, by the grace of God, Queen of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c : to all and several to whora these presents corae, greeting. Whereas it is the chief aira of all our Counsels, that provision be raade for the general weal of all Europe, and to this end it is raost expedient that a treaty of closer alliance and more intiraate friendship be entered upon and concluded as soon as possible between ourselves and his most Serene Highness, the Sovereign Prince, Victor Amadous, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piemont, Mar quis of Saluzzo, of Coni, Count of Genevois, Lord of Vercelli, our brother, kinsman, and very dear friend. And whereas for so notable a work it is needful to employ the services of sorae raan that has had experience in negotiations of great impor tance : — Know therefore, that, having the utraost confidence in the good faith, diligence, experience, and prudence of our faithful and well-beloved Richard Hill, Esquire, our Envoy Extraordinary to the aforesaid raost Serene Prince, we have named, created, and appointed hira, and by these presents do hereby narae, create, and appoint hira, our true, certain, and undoubted Deputy, Coraraissary, and Plenipotentiary, giv ing and granting hira all and every title, power, and authority, and a warrant as well general as special, for agreeing, treating, and concluding for us and in our narae with the aforesaid raost Serene Prince, Duke of Savoy, or his Minister, or Ministers, he or they being also authorised with a full warrant, upon all and several raatters that shall pertain to entering upon a treaty of closer alliance and raore intiraate friendship of the aforesaid 846 TRANSLATIONS. kind between us and the above mentioned most Serene Prince, and for signing in our name, and exchanging copies of whatever shall be so agreed upon and concluded, and for perforraing and corapleting all things, that shall be needful and expedient to be done for this end, in forra and manner as perfect as we ourselves could do and perforra thera, if we were present : engaging and proraising upon our Royal word, that, whatever particulars shall happen to be concluded by our said rainister Plenipotentiary by virtue of these presents, all these we will hold confirmed, approved, and taken always in the best sense ; and that whatever shall be promised in our narae, we will observe and cause to be observed sacredly and inviolably. For the greater assurance and proof of which thing, we have caused these letters, signed with our Royal hand, to be con firraed by our great seal of England, Given, at our Royal Castle of Windsor, on the 26th day of July, in the year of our Lord, 1703, and the second of our Reign, Anne R, (Queen Anne to the Duke of Savoy : see page 7,) Anne, by the grace of God, Queen of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c : to his raost Serene Highness, the Sovereign Prince, Victor Amadous, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piemont, Marquis of Suluzzo, of Coni, Count of Genevois, Lord of Vercelli our brother, kinsraan, and very dear friend, greeting. Most Serene Prince, brother, kinsraan, and very dear friend : Seeing that we have nothing so rauch at heart as for tbe friendship which exists between our selves and your Highness not only to be preserved uninjured, but, raoreover, to be further advanced, and the present state of Europe seeras to require that those raeasures be adopted, by which its general safety raay be provided for, which will be to the interests and advantage, no less than the security, of your Highness ; we have thought good for this noble end to send on an extraordinary mission to your Highness, our well- beloved, and trusty, Richard Hill, Esquire, of Hawkstone, and Atchara, a Counsellor of his raost Serene Highness, Prince George of Denraark, our raost dearly beloved Consort, and the LordHigh Admiral of England, Ireland, &c., as beingaraan that has always been eraployed with honour and faithfulness in negociations of the utmost weight, and has been distinguished for the sarae character in your Highness's Court.' And so we beg your Highness very lovingly, that you will be pleased to place perfect confidence in hira in everything that he shall 1 See page 798, TRANSLATIONS. 847 say in our name ; but most of all when he assures you of our sincere friendship for your Highness, of which we shall ever be ready to afford the best proofs of any kind what ever. For the rest, we heartily coraraend your Highness to the protection and care of the Most High and Blessed God. Given, at our Royal Castle of Windsor, on the 26th day of July, in the year of our Lord, 1703, and the second of our Reign. Your Highness's Good sister, kinsworaan, and friend, Anne R. (Queen Anne to the Duchess of Savoy : see page 8,) Whitehall, 29th July, 1703. My Sister, Having coraraanded Mr. Hill to repair forth with to ray brother, the Duke of Savoy, as ray Envoy Extra ordinary, I did not wish to allow hira to depart without writing to testify the sincere friendship and affection which I bear to you, and the pleasure with which I shall avail rayself of all opportunities to give you proofs of them. Of this I have ex pressly charged ray said Envoy to assure you, and I pray you to give full confidence to hira in all coraraunications which he will raake to you frora rae, and to believe that I ara, with the greatest esteem. My Sister, Your affectionate sister. To the Duchess of Savoy. Anne R. (Queen Anne to the Duchess-Dowager of Savoy : see p, 9,) Whitehall, July 29th, 1703. My Sister, I do not wish to despatch Mr. Hill to my brother, the Duke of Savoy, as ray Envoy Extraordinary, without taking the opportunity of assuring you of the great regard and friend ship which I have for you, and which I shall be well pleased to find raeans of proving by their effects, as ray aforesaid En voy will raore fully inforra you in person according to the orders which I have given him for the purpose. I pray you to give hira full confidence on this subject, and to believe, that I ara. My Sister, Your affectionate sister, To the Duchess-Dowager Anne R. of Savoy, 848 TRANSLATIONS. {Count D' Aversberg to Mr, Stepney : seepage 10.) Turin, July 14th, 1703. I arrived here on the 12th with rauch difficulty. I ara lodged at the house of the Marquis de Prie with incredible secrecy and precaution ; for if ray abode were discovered the conse quence raight possibly be disastrous to the house and person of the Marquis, who is actuated by great zeal for the adjust- raent of our affair. Yesterday I was visited by the Duke of Savoy, who carae alone at eleven o'clock at night, and who appeared to rae so well inclined to enter into the alliance, that I hope to accoraplish ray business in a little tirae, notwith standing the difficulties which he has started. These are the guarantee of the English and Dutch, and this raay be an effect of the project of peace which is said to have been forraed in Holland by the minister of Sweden. {See page 11.) The second is the demolition of fortresses. {See page 11.) The third, as to the tirae of declaring himself. I, flatter ray self that I shall raanage the whole favourably, since the esti mation in which the Duke holds the Marquis d' Ailleurs, who is besides appointed as ray Coraraissary for the elucidation of those points, raakes rae hope for every sort of facility in this business. It is necessary, therefore, that you should exercise your zeal in whatever relates to the guarantee, and the subsi dies, which the Duke of Savoy does not claira until after he shall have drawn the sword against France. {See page 11.) The Duke of Savoy is actuated by a very eager desire to throw hiraself for ever into the arms of the Emperor. On your side proraote the affair with the Queen, and be fully persuaded that this union will have raore consequences and results for the public good than can be iraagined. {Count D, Aversberg to Mr, Stepney : see page 14.) You will doubtless be astonished at receiving another letter from me frora hence after ray having written to you by the last post ; but know. Sir, that the Duke of Savoy had in deed caused the concerted articles to be reduced to writing ; but he has not yet reviewed thera, nor coraraunicated thera to rae, demanding a further delay of two days. We shall see what will come of it: however, he will find it difficult to escape, and I hope that in the raean tirae you will have written for TRANSLATIONS. 849 your full powers in order that you raay be able to coraplete thera on your side as soon as the decisive step has been taken. Great advantages will be derived frora it. I can see that sorae erabarrassment has arisen frora two circurastances ; one the inaction of Prince Louis : this difficulty I fiatter myself will be ended soon : the other is, how he can withdraw his troops from the array of France, because he receives letters from all quarters telling him that the treaty, which he is going to raake with the allies, is public. However, be not erabarrass- ed on your part, if you have despatched your raan whora you were keeping in readiness. Information has been received from a good quarter, that as France is persuaded that the Imperial Court raight still take the resolution of sending the Archduke to Portugal by way of England, all the arraed ves sels which are now in the Mediterranean are to sail into the Atlantic in order to oppose the Archduke's passage. {Count D' Aversberg to Mr. Stepney : see page 24.) The treaty in question is not yet signed, the Duke of Savoy having raade new difficulties on the article of execution, after he had received news from the Erapire of the action of De la Tour ; I cannot doubt that it will be accoraplished, since his word has been pledged. The Duke of Savoy is not well, and I think his illness partly caused by the great agitation he is in. I ought also to inforra you, that you should take care that Mr. Hill do not corae here until you hear further frora me, and until this treaty is ripe for execution, otherwise he would not be re ceived ; for it is certain, that if we do not conduct this affair very delicately the Duke of Savoy will be destroyed by France before we should be in a state to succour him. {Count D' Aversberg to Mr. Stepney : see page 31.) August 25th 1703. Sir, In reply to your letter of the 4th instant, I will in form you, in a few words, that the treaty is broken ; that a pa nic terrror has seized the Duke ; and that I have never seen a raan so suddenly reduced to a state of perplexity.' I beg you will coraraunicato this inforraation where it is proper to do so. As I hope to see you soon I will then tell you the particulars. 1 More literally : a man who has so completely lost sight of the pole- star all at once, 5 M 850 TRANSLATIONS. {In ,Mr. Aglionby's letter to Mr. Hill : see page 33.) He says that he guesses, that the Duke has utttered raany re proaches against the Count in consequence of the thing hav ing becorae so public. {Count D' Aversberg to Mr. Stepney : see page 37.) Sir, I did not write to you by the last post for want of tirae. I doubt not that you have learnt that the Duke of Savoy has difficulty in breaking. However, the flattery of France makes him believe, that there is so great a necessity of being gained by one side or the other, that he does not doubt but be will bring his affairs to an advantageous con clusion. I await with irapatience the orders which will be given to rae, for I ara very weary of tbe life I lead, and of acting the Political Hermit. Meantime, I can assure you, that the Duke of Savoy has a good intention towards us ; but the fear of being swallowed up by France before he can be succoured makes him observe a line of conduct which does not appear to rae too skilful; time will tell us the rest. No news have been received of Mons. Shovel's having entered the Mediter ranean, it is known only that he passed the heights of Cadiz on the 1 5th of August. {Count De la Tour to Mr. Hill: see page 37.) Chamberrv, Septeraber 25th, 1703. Sir, On ray arrival in this country I received the letter which you did me the honour of writing to me frora the Hague, and I sent it in the first instance to his Royal High ness in order to inform him raore accurately concerning all that you have taken the trouble to raention to rae on the sub ject of your destination to our Court. I ara to assure you sin cerely that he entertains a high esteera for you, and that he would be delighted, if the conjuncture adraitted of it, to see again, near his person, such a rainister as you, particularly coraing from a Queen whom he infinitely honours : but the engagement, which he bas entered into with the two crowns, and all the other reasons which bind him so strongly to their in terests, do not perrait hira to receive the honour which her Britannic Majesty was pleased to confer upon hira, and for which he wiU for ever feel grateful. Your wisdora wiU easily shew you, that our Court cannot take any other resolution, al though it has araostrespectful attachraent to your great Queen. I hope that we shall not cease to raaintain the intercourse of TRANSLATIONS. 851 our ancient friendship, which I esteera above all things in the world. I ara very rauch annoyed in this city by a violent Rheuraa- tism, of which I wish to cure myself by the use ofthe Sulphur baths which we have at Aix. I feel a particular consolation in conversing with you, and in assuring you of the inviolable attachment with which I shall continue all ray life to be, &c. To Mr, Hill, De la Tour. {In Mr, Aglionby's letter to Mr, Hill : see page 39.) In that part dated, Zurich, 8th Septeraber, 1703. The Duke of Savoy wishes rae to write to you to tell Mr. Aglionby that, as all letters, and even the newspapers, say, that Mr Hill was not only appointed to corae here, but was be lieved even to be on his way, — if the said Hill has set out for Switzerland, he is not to proceed further towards this place until he hears frora rae. I will tell you the reasons in person. {Count D' Aversberg to Mr. Hill: see page 40.) Turin, Sept. 22nd, 1703. Sir, Having had the pleasure of seeing a letter which you wrote, on the 24th of August, frora the Hague to learn, frora a certain personage of your acquaintance, what you should do in the present conjuncture as to your journey, and [to say], that you would reraain at Francfort until you received an answer : — I ara to tell you, that the sarae personage will an swer you in a raanner frora which you will easily judge, that the best thing would be that you should go back ; but the sarae person, who causes the letter in question to be written to that personage, wishes rae to inform you in this letter that you will stay where you are until you hear from rae, which will be shortly after this letter, and that you will break off all epistolary correspondence with your friend, because in the present affair we do not trust to hira frora his being inviola bly attached to those who do not wish it to take place. I should wish that time and place enabled rae to give you raore lively testiraony of the pleasure which I have in raaking you reraeraber rae, but necessity obliges rae to defer it. Mean- tirae I entreat you will believe that I ara ardently. Your very hurable and very obedient servant. To Mr, Hill. Constantin. 5m2 852 TRANSLATIONS. {From Count D' Aversberg to Mr, AgTionby : see page 40.) Turin, Sept. 11th, 1703. Sir, I did rayself the honour of writing to you in Switzer land, on the 4th instant. I now inforra you that I await with irapatience an answer to my letters from Vienna, as it will decide my lot. I have read, in a Gazette, that Mr. Hill had already arrived at the Hague in order to proceed to Turin ; at which I ara surprised, because I think I have heard that the Duke of Savoy has not yet forraed his resolution, being a Prince full of difficulties, so that there raight be obstacles to the reception of the said Mr. Hill. I beg you will give me your opinion on the subject. It is even said that considerable letters of credit have arrived at Geneva for Mr. Hill. It is also said that France, havingbeen alarraed by the report, which was current, that the said Duke of Savoy wished to be in the grand alliance, is also making offers to him which he raight possibly be inclined to listen to, thinking, at the sarae time, that, by that raeans, he might raake a better choice, and being convinced that necessity will raake France act with good faith. Sept. 18th. I perceive by the letter which you have done rae the honour of writing to rae on the 1st instant, which I have re ceived by the last post, that you had not received my letters, although I failed not to write to you several tiraes. However, I hope this will have a better fate than the preceding ones. I will therefore inform you, that I have executed what her Ma jesty the Queen commanded rae. It has been received as it ought ; however, you will observe, by ray last letter, that the whole affair requires a little delay, of which I will inforra you very shortly, either in person or by letter : a difficulty is felt in forming a resolution, although the intention is always good ; a wish is entertained, but with a desire for the least possible risk ; so that I expect a further answer, — from whence you may think — which cannot be delayed longer. Sept. 22nd. I take the liberty of sending you this letter for Mr. Hill, because he had written to a certain raan here to know frora hira in what raanner he was to act in order to execute the orders of the Queen : that little raan ' was once very friend ly to us ; but he has so turned frora white to black, that the person raost interested was much astonished by the occurrence, and as it is desired not to comraunicate to hira the true inten tions, he has been ordered to write to Mr. Hill in such a 1 That little bit of a man. TRANSLATIONS. 853 raanner as that he may believe that he would only have to re trace his steps. However, I am to remedy this by the present letter, and I am to tell Mr. Hill not to be alarraed, but to wait where he is until he has heard from rae. I pray you to send hira this enclosed, and to explain to him what sort of a person Constantin is, and if you do not know his address at Franc fort, where he intends to await the answer, he wishes his let ter to be put under cover to Mons. Couvreur, at Francfort. {Count D' Aversberg to Mr, Stepney : see page 43.) Sept. 22nd, 1703. I did not write to you by the last post, because there was nothing particular to inform you of. I have since received a letter from Mr. Aglionby informing rae that the Queen had written to hira to order rae, on her part, to tell the Duke of Savoy, that Mr. Hill has been appointed to corae here fur nished with full powers with orders to consent to all that the Duke of Savoy could reasonably expect. I have^executed ray coraraission which has been received as it ought. How ever, the subsequent raeasures of the Court of Vienna are awaited. Letters frora France say, that the pretended Prince of Wales is to be King of Scotland. Mr. Hill having written to Mons. de la Tour to know when he can corae here, and what conduct he will pursue, this circurastance has extremely dismayed the Duke of Savoy, because the Count de la Tour is more a Frenchman than a Savoyard, and he fears that he will discover the whole raystery, and that Mr. Hill (thinking to do well) will write to hira, that I ara here. I encourage hira as rauch as I possibly can, and I have told hira that Mr. Hill will have received your letter, which will give hira inforraation of the true state of the case. It is said that the Duke of Vendorae will be recalled, and as the Prince of Vauderaont no longer unites with hira, it is necessary that he should be assured of the loss of the other. The Count of Thoulouse is on his return frora Toulon to Paris, and they are disarraing the vessels to such an extent that the fleet of the allies raay have fair play. {Marquis St, Thomas to Mr, Hill: see page 113.) Carap at Crescentino, June 4th 1704. Sir, I have received the letter which you took the trouble of writing to me the day before yesterday, with the contents of which I have raade his Royal Highness acquainted, and he was glad to learn that you were about to depart for Nice. 854 TRANSLATIONS. He coraraands me to tell you so, and to inform you that he has also received inforraation which confirms the report that his most Chi-istian Majesty has ratified the proraises of Mar shal Villars to the Caraisars ; but as the sarae accounts mention only Cavallier with his troop of 5 or 6 hundred men — when it is known from other sources that there was a rauch greater nuraber with other chiefs, of whora nothing is said — a belief is created that this affair is not quite surpressed, and that sorae of thera still hold out ; consequently his said Royal Highness is still of the sarae opinion that it is very desirable to put the concerted project into execution, trusting entirely to your care and perseverance towards that end, provided there reraain to you the slightest gliraraering of hope, and that there raight be only sorae one of the said Camisars with whom one raight join; and his Royal Highness fiatters hiraself that you will exert yourself in the matter, as soon as you are at Nice, with all iraaginable attention, and without any delay, which raight also produce a good effect with reference to the descent which the fleet of her Britannic Majesty raeditates raaking on the coasts of Catalonia, his Royal Highness having learnt with as rauch satisfaction that which you point out, as he has been annoyed by the ill success of what has passed in respect to Bavaria. Nothing new has transpired since your departure, I beg you to believe that I ara, with perfect regard. Sir, Your raost obedient hurable servant. To Mr, Hill, Vict. Thomas. {Marquis St, Thomas to Mr. Hill : see page 114.) Carap at Crescentino, June 7th, 1704. Sir, The execution of the project, which you know of, is an object very near to the heart of his Royal Highness, It appears that there is roora to undertake it, and the business adraits of no delay. His Royal Highness hiraself writes to you on the subject, and has coraraanded rae to add to his let ter, that it is necessary to press the Marquis de Bettencour in order to raake hira erabark as soon as possible ; and to inforra you in confidence, that he seeras to be one of those persons that require a little raanageraent. I beg you to believe that no one can be with raore sincerity than I ara. Sir, Your raost obedient hurable servant, To Mr, HiU, Y. Thomas. TRANSLATIONS. 855 {The Duke qf Savoy to Mr, Hill : see page 1 14.) Carap at Crescentino, June 7th, 1704. Mr. Hill, I was glad to learn your departure for Nice. The news received respecting the Camisars, by the last post, is to the effect, as doubtless you will have learnt, that Cavallier and his troop alone have accepted the amnesty, and that the other Chiefs would not adhere to his line of procedure. Hence it appears, that it is still raore iraportant than ever to put the concerted project in execution. You know the consequences of it ; and I flatter rayself that you will give all your attention to it, without loss of tirae, which raust be used to the best advantage, being indeed raost precious. Your zeal for the service of her Britannic Majesty, and for the good of the cora raon cause, persuades me that you will forget nothing to ef fect this expedition, which may be rendered raore easy by the enterprise of the enemy against Suse, and by the approach of the fleet off the coasts of Catalonia. The day before yesterday, the enemy invested Verceil, and on the side of Suse posts have been taken and retaken. But the superiority of the eneray's artillery raade the troops retire frora the post of La Brunette, because the intrenchraents were not proof for want of earth. I ara truly, Mr. Hill, Your most sincere friend. To Mr. Hill, V. Amede. {The Duke of Savoy to Mr, HiU; see page 116.) Carap at Crescentino, June 9th, 1704. Mr. Hill, I received, frora Turin, by the hands of your Secretary, the news which arrived by the last courier respecting the Camisars. Doubtless he has sent them to you also. You will observe frora thera that the affairs of the Cevennes, far frora being set at rest, are reviving with more heat than ever : Cavallier even having not only again taken up arms, but suc cessfully attacked the troops of Marshal de Villars, so that the conjuncture becomes still raore favourable for the project ed expedition. It is iraportant to accomplish it iraraediately ; for, considering the situation in which affairs are there, very considerable consequences must be anticipated frora thera in favour of the coraraon cause. The knowledge which you have of thera will but aniraate raore and more your zeal not to lose a raoraent of tirae in the execution of that design. I ara persuaded that your penetration will enable you to devise 856 translations. the raeans of putting sorae raoney, in the course of the busi ness, into the hands of Mons. de Betancourt : since it will be needful, in order that he raay always act with the raore suc cess ; and as be is a person rather difficult to deal with, as you are aware, I think it will be proper to endeavour to satisfy hira in the best way you can. You will have learned by my last, that the troops have withdrawn from La Brunette, and afterwards come down into the valley of Suse. But I now wish to tell you, that this happened only through the confusion of those who corararaanded. They have now advanced to Veillane to raake head on that side against the enemy sta tioned about Bussolin. The Vaudois are likewise in raotion on the side of Suse. It is to be hoped that heaven will favour us in repairing this disadvantage, which has been truly disastrous. I ara very truly, Mr. Hill, Your raost sincere friend, To Mr, Hill, Vict. Amede. {M, Vander Meer to Mr, Hill: see page 117,) Turin, June 12th, 1704. Sir, I am very rauch obliged to you for the letter which you have done rae the honour to write to rae on the 10th of this month, which was delivered to rae yesterday. You will have received that which I sent you last Monday by Mens'- Calde bert and Mens'- de Betencourt, and thereby will have becorae acquainted with the situation in which affairs are in Langue doc. This day the confirraation of it has been received. I accordingly send you, as you desire, by the courier Carignan, the two thousand Louis d'or, which you have asked of me, because you had not found sufficient raoney at Nice. To day also will set out two refugees, designed to be officers in the troop of Mens'- de Betencourt frora the Valleys, to repair ira raediately to you. It will be necessary, if possible, to profit by the fieet to secure the passage of the said troop, as I think. The Fort of Suze, although strongly attacked and cannonaded, still holds out. A deserter frora that quarter has reported, that on the news of the Caraisars taking arras, 8 battalions were ordered to return to Langfuedoc ; but it is very possible that the arrival of the fleet on the coast of Provence may have con tributed also to cause that detachment . You have now had 5 posts frora England, and, perhaps, the news which you have received raay raake our Adrairals resolve to reraain still some translations. 857 days in those seas. I was told that j'ou were not very well. Perhaps, the fatigue of travelling raay have a little injured your health ; but I hope that a little rest will restore you, as I wish, and that you will be fully persuaded that 1 am, very truly. Sir, Your raost hurable and obedient servant. To Mr, Hill, Vander Meer. If you send any express-messenger to the fleet, I beg you will send by hira, the enclosed, for our Adrairal. {M, Vander Meer to Mr, Hill: see page 117.) Turin, June 16th, 1704. Sir, The letter, which you have done me the honour of writing to rae on the 13th instant, was delivered to me yes terday. I have never doubted the difficulties which you have encountered, and am rauch pleased that you have, notwith standing, advanced things so far as you have had the kindness to inforra rae. The news frora Languedoc leaves us in the same uncertainty respecting the treaty of the Caraisars, as you will see by the subjoined news which has been sent to rae. I have had no letter frora M. de la Croix. You will have that which Mr. Nicolas has received. The manuscript of France does not say a word of it this post, as I ara inforraed ; but I have not seen it. It seeras that a good augury raay be taken frora it, and that it raay be conjectured that there is division araong the Caraisars, and that Mons. de Villars only seeks to profit by it, to disunite thera in order to attain his ends. Mons. de Auverkerk has forced the lines at Wasegera. Mr. Chetwynd will tell you the rest. The Governor of Suse has been sent to the Citadel. It seeras that his Royal Highness is not satisfied with his conduct, and that he acted on his own judgraent in surrendering the Fort, which he raight have continued to defend for 3 or 4 days. I have raade your com- pliraents to the whole asserably, and ara coraraissioned to re turn you thanks (and particularly by the little Countess) and to salute you. Everybody is rejoiced at your good health, and I in particular have learnt it with pleasure, and ara, very truly. Sir, Your raost humble and obedient servant, To Mr. HiU. Vander Meer. 5n 858 TRANSLATIONS. P. S. The Duke of Marlborough is coraing by the Moselle with a body of Danish and Dutch, and was, on the 5th, not far from Cologne. The Duke de la Feuilliade has at Suse 22 battalions, and 4 regiments of dragoons ; good troops as I ara inforraed. {The Duke of Savoy to Mr. Hill: seepage 118.) Carap at Crescentino, June 17th, 1704. Mr. Hill, I could not but be grieved to hear that the diserabark- ation of the fleet of the allies on the coasts of Catalonia has not answered the expectation which was entertained respect ing it. It is to be hoped that it will be raore successful in the enterprise which has influenced it to return back in order to prevent the junction ofthe Count of Thoulouse with the squadron which is ready in the port of Toulon. The Prince of Darrastadt has written to me to the same effect as you have done, and I inform hira that since, after this new expedition, the fleet will still have sufficient tirae to under take anything advantageous to the coraraon cause, I think it advisable that it should repair to the coasts of Italy, going to those of Genoa, and Tuscany, to oblige the Republic, and that Prince, to furnish the subsidies necessary for the main tenance of the arraies of Italy, of which you know the want ; and the enemy not having abandoned the design of attacking the strong places of Nice and of Villa-Franca, which they still threaten to do this campaign, the approach of the fleet raay divert thera frora it, which will be only following out the first object of its coming into the Mediterranean. During that time I purpose to write to his Iraperial Majesty to know the views which he raay have in respect to the kingdoras of Naples and Sicily, which the fleet will be raore within reach of seconding, according as it shall be judged raost proper to act therein. I doubt not that the raaritirae powers will adhere to this opinion, in order not to lose the fruit of the very consider able expenses which they have been at to bring that fieet into the Mediterranean, which I ara persuaded you will support on your side, having so rauch zeal as you have for the interests of the League. I believe the erabarkation is now ready, and that perhaps the Marquis de Betancourt raay have already set out. There is no need of urging you to this expedition. You are natur ally disposed to it of yourself, frora the knowledge which you have of the iraportant consequences that depend on it. There are some accounts which say that the affair of the Caraisars is terrainated ; but there are others affirraing the contrary. You will exaraine both, as I doubt not that you are particu- TRANSLATIONS. 859 larly inforraed respecting it ; and as long as the affair is not quite at an end, and there is still some hope, I am still con vinced that the project should not be abandoned, and that, on the contrary, it should be put in execution as soon as possible. It is still uncertain whether the eneray have opened the trenches before Verceil. Those who are in the direction of Suse have raade themselves masters of the Fort after five days' defence. I ara truly, Mr. Hill, Your most sincere friend. To Mr, Hill, V. Amede. {The Duke of Savoy to Mr Hill : see page 120.) Carap at Crescentino, June 19th, 1704. Mr. Hill, I have just learned frora M. Vander Meer the agree able news that the Caraisars have not subraitted. I refer to what he will hiraself write to you on the subject. I confine rayself to saying that it is advisable not to lose a moraent in the projected expedition, without recapitulating to you the powerful raotives for it, as you know thera yourself; and your zeal convinces me that you will forget nothing respecting it. I am even willing to believe that, by this time, the Marquis de Betancourt will have set out. I write also by this conveyance to the Marquis de Carail to have you supplied with every thing you may deera necessary. I ara truly, Mr. Hill, Your most sincere friend. To Mr. Hill. V. Amede. {M. Vander Meer to Mr. Hill: see page 121.) Turin, June 20th, 1704. Sir, Not having received ray letters frora Geneva yesterday, until after the departure of the express which Mr. Chetwynd despatched to you, 1 had not the honour of sending you a copy of the letter of Mons. de la Croix. I considered that Mr. Chetwynd's coramunication to you was sufficient to make you decide, and that there was no need to despatch a second courier for that purpose. But afterwards, Mons. Flotard having come to find me with two letters which he had receiv ed from Roland, I thought the last (of which I subjoin a copy) important enough to comraunicate to his Royal High ness, and I ordered Mons. Flotard to go to the army, from 5 n2 860 TRANSLATIONS. which he returned this morning with the enclosed letters which his Royal Highness desires rae to send to you by an express ; this coraraand I was unwilling to delay coraplying with, although I ara persuaded that, if the wind has been fa vourable, you will have made the troop set out, and that thus I shall soon have the advan tage of seeing you here, and of being able to repeat personally, that 1 ara. Sir, Your raost obedient humble servant. To Mr. HiU. Vander Meer. ( The Duke of Savoy to Mr. Hill: seepage 122.) Carap of Crescentino, June 22nd, 1 704. Mr. Hill, I received your letter of the 20th instant ; frora which I learn that the erabarkation had not yet taken place, for the reasons which you explain. You will have seen by my last, written on the 19th, that it is beyond doubt that the Carai sars, far frora having laid down their arras, are raore inspirited than ever, as M. Vander Meer will have confirraed to you at greater length. It is of the last importance not to lose a rao raent in the expedition. I flatter myself that I shall soon learn that M. de Betancourt has at length set out, for even if it should be true that the greater part have laid down their arms, it would be sufficient if some still retained them in order to make all the others resume them, when they saw themselves supported by the execution of the project ; and even, in the raere uncertainty whether they have laid down their arms or not, I think the best course is to atterapt the enterprise ; but a further delay, however sraall it raay be, raay be highly pre judicial to it. Your judgraent will doubtless lead you to agree with rae on this point. I write to the Marquis de Carail, to speak to the officers and soldiers, destined for this expedition, in such a raanner as raay be calculated to animate them to it, being persuaded that on your part you will orait nothing to make thera appreciate the glory which they will not fail to acquire, and the great advantage which they will derive frora it. We have no important news here ofthe siege of Verceil. I ara, truly, Mr. Hill, Your raost sincere friend. To Mr. HiU. V. Amede. TRANSLATIONS. 861 {M, Roland to M, Flotard : see page 123.) Anduse, May 22nd, 1704. My very dear brother, I have received that which you took the trouble of writing to rae from Turin on the 21st April, which only an swers mine of the 10th of March. It has given rae and all our brethren rauch joy. I raust inforra you, ray dear brother, that, since that, I have written three to you, two by Lyons, and the other by Marseilles, which will inform you fully of every thing. You cannot conceive our annoyance at not having heard from you. I have sent yours to brother Cavallier, who will be able to answer you, and to give you the particulars of his battles. Meanwhile, I will tell you that, thanks to the Lord, they have always been favourable to us, and it seems (what we have no doubt of) that the Lord fights for us. Bro ther Cavallier has fought raore than 30 of them with wonderful successes, except in that, of which you will have heard by my last, near Nisraes, in which he lost a considerable nuraber of his raen, having been enclosed amidst three or four parties coraraanded by the Marshal de Montrevel on the eve of his departure. He had 5 or 6 thousand raen, dragoons or infan try, having fought during six hours. I have told you that the loss was pretty equal. The battle, of which you desire of me the particulars, preceded the latter by 15 days, near Uses, where the same brother Cavallier defeated a battalion of vessels,' and some corapanies of dragoons commanded by M. de , Colonel of that regiraent. Alraost all the officers fell, except the Colonel, and thirty of his people with out arras or clothes. Cavallier lost only one of his soldiers, and sorae wounded. This has struck terror into the eneray, who dare not raarch without 15 or 16 hundred raen as an escort. Since Marshal Villars has been here he has con tinually caused incursions to be made, as well into lower Languedoc, as into our Cevennes, without (thank God) having produced any effect ; which has obliged hira to send us proposals for peace, which appear suspicious to us. Hence we do not at all intend to agree to them, although we have written to the Marshal, and raade our legitiraate deraands, naraely, the coraplete restoration of the Edict of Nantes, the liberation of all prisoners, and that all those who are out of the Kingdora raay be restored to their property, and all other legitiraate deraands ; which is rather to procure rest for our troops, who are rauch fatigued ; and besides to await the ho nour of your answer as soon as possible, which has given rise to a suspension of hostilities until the end of this raonth, du ring which tirae we shall be able to bring all kinds of supplies 1 Probably, a battalion of vassals; but vaisseaux is in the original. 862 TRANSLATIONS. into the towns. It would seera that they wish to eraploy elsewhere the troops which we detain ; but be assured that, even were tbe King to grant us all our deraands, we will do nothing without your approbation. In the name of God do what you can to deliver us, and to have both restored to our properties. We iraplore this of our brethren who take any part in the affliction of the Church. I raust inforra you that, on the eve of that truce, I was near St. Gerraain de Calberte with ray people. An unfortunate person, of the narae of De Viala de St. Jean de Cardonenque, was being escorted by a detachraent of the regiraent of Tournon la Boure, and some militia, of whora, by the help of the Alraighty, I left on the field 300 raen. Most ofthe officers fell, except a Captain, and sorae soldiers, whora I took, and whose lives I spared. The unfortunate De Viala fell there. He was Subdelegate of the Intendant, and the author of the burnings in the country of the Cevennes, and of the pillage of lower Languedoc. His son, who was a Lieutenant, also fell there, and by the opera tion of the Alraighty Power of God, I had but one man kil led there, and that was done very innocently by our own people. The engagement took place in a flat country. We took there 20 horses, and sorae loaded raules. This was on 13th of this raonth. I have given you the particulars of ray other engageraents. Be assured, that we will do nothing but under your advice, and we will detain the troops here as long as possible. In God's narae, be diligent, and answer sjjeedily. 1 ara. My very dear brother. Your raost obedient hurable servant. To M. Flotard, Roland. {M, Vander Meer to Mr, Hill: seepage 129.) Turin, June 26tb, 1704. Sir, I learned yesterday, through your Secretary, that you would not return here so soon as your last had raade us hope, and the reasons which obliged you to stop at Nice, which grieves rae rauch : the raore so, as the annexed letters will show you the necessity of the execution of the design ; and as I fear that longer delay raay raake it still raore public than it has already done. For there are already here letters which speak of the erabarkation accoraplished, and ofthe General who has been proposed to thera, and the colours which have been distributed to thera, although your letters have raade no raen tion of it. However, I hope that a good wind will reraedy all, and will soon procure for rae the pleasure of erabracing you, and of being able to regulate with you whatever the situation TRANSLATIONS. 863 of the affairs of the Cevennes may require, and the interests of our Masters demand, I have written to Mons' de la Croix that he raay send his raan to R,, to aniraate his friends, and proraise thera that they will be supported and aided on the part of the allies ; and that I await your return to regulate respecting the raoney which he deraands for the Caraisars : and as to the reward, that it will depend on the generosity of our raasters, who will know how to adjust it conforraably to the services which he shall have rendered, as I shall have the honour of shewing to you more fully on your return, I send you the original of the letter received last post, and a copy of that to day. As to the forraer, you will have the kindness to restore it to rae on your return, Mons"^ de Belcastel set out frora Francfort on the 17th, and he raust be now in Switzerland. The Duke of Marlborough will coraraand an army on the Danube, the Prince of Baden another, and the Prince Eugene that which is on the Rhine against M. de Villeroi and Tallard. I wish you perfect health, and am, very truly. Sir, Your raost obedient hurable servant. To Mr. Hill. Vander Meer. {From M, Flotard to Mr, Hill : see page 138.) Geneva, August 2nd, 1704. Sir, By three letters of M. de Vander Meer which I have received all at once, I regret to see that your Excellency persists in wishing to exact frora me a thing which it is ira possible for rae to afford you, that is, the names of ray corres pondents in Cevennes, to whora I have taken an oath not to reveal thera to any one whatsoever. It seeras to rae that your Excellency wishes a thing, the knowledge of which can be of no use to you ; whereas, Sir, 1 offer you a certain and positive guarantee by giving you here a surety for the sums to be con fided to rae until I produce well authenticated receipts of the Chiefs of the Cevenols. It is even easy for your Excellency to order the person, whora you have caused to be sent into Cevennes, to obtain the signatures of the Chiefs, and to send them to you, in order that you raay be more fully assured, Sir, that good faith is the foundation of all that I undertake, and that I am not unworthy of the con fidence which our Sovereigns have done rae the honour of reposing in rae. I have done everything possible for rae to do to exhort the Cevenols to perseverance. Nothing has pass ed, which I thought could confirra them either by hope or by 864 TRANSLATIONS. fear, that I have not comraunicated to thera. Therefore, if they yield I shall have nothing to reproach rayself with. I have, on the other hand, sufficiently represented to your Excellency the necessity which exists of sending thera some subsidy of money, which would, as I think, have obviated many casualties. I doubt not that your Excellency has very strong reasons to act otherwise, which I cannot penetrate. God grant that the whole raay succeed to the advantage of the High Allies, and to the glory of God. I ara, with profound respect. Your Excellency's Most obedient humble servant, To Mr. Hill. Flotard. {From M. Flotard to Mr. Hill: see page 140.) Geneva, August 9th, 1704. Sir, I had the honour of writing to your Excellency, on the second of this month, to represent to you the irapossibilty of giving you the naraes of ray correspondents. By to day's courier, I have just received a letter frora the Cevenols, of which I considered that I ought to send you a copy, in order that, reflecting on their state, it raay please your Excellency to raake use of such raeans as you raay judge the most secure to put sorae raoney into their hands, while waiting for better, without dwelling on things of no consequence. You will please to observe. Sir, that the Cevenols, seeing no effect frora ray proraises, have arrived at the conclusion that I am raaking a fortune of what ought to have been sent to thera, as they are unable to iraagine that England and Holland would abandon thera to that degree. You know. Sir, whether they do rae injustice. I ara very unfortunate that after ray having made every effort to procure subsidies for them, in one way and in another, they should have such an opinion of rae. I I cannot however blarae thera, as it is very difficult to per suade oneself that the Protestant Powers should have neglect ed so vital an affair to the extent that their Ministers refuse to venture paying a few thousand livres to the Cevenols. However, I cannot suffer thera any longer to believe rae ca pable of so black an action, and I see rayself constrained to give thera an exact narration of all that I have done ; by whom, and under what pretext the delay has occurred in send ing thera raoney. This, however, I will defer until I have the honour of your answer, as it would be rauch better to avoid entering into such a detail by sending thera soraething. I know not who the irapostor is, who has spoken to the Ce- TRANSLATIONS. 865 venols as coming frora England, and how he learned my name. I will take care to undeceive thera. I ara annoyed that they had not yet received four letters which I wrote to thera frora this place, any raore than I have received theirs of the 18th, of which, please the Lord, I shall soon receive in forraation. I have not time to send a copy of the enclosed to his Royal Highness, and accordingly beg of your Excellency to comraunicate it to hira, and to M. de Vander Meer. Above all I shall here await your orders with rauch irapatience, in order that I raay conforra to thera. The courier frora Ger many failed us yesterday. We are in expectation of receiving great news frora thence. May God vouchsafe to make them favourable, in order that his Royal Highness raay be put in a condition to oppose the French forces. It is said that the allied fleet is in the Mediterranean, off the coasts of Spain. If it could join M. de Tholouse, who is at sea, it would be a great stroke. I ara, with profound respect. Your Excellency's Most obedient hurable servant. To Mr. Hill. Flotard. Since ray letter was written, I have received inforraation frora one of ray correspondents, that all ray letters were iu good hands. I hope to receive that frora the Cevenols of the 18th July. (From, M. Flotard to Mr. Hill : see page 144. ) Geneva, August 20th, 1704. Sir, I have just received the letter, which you did me the honour of writing to me on the 14th instant, enclosing the bill for 100 louis d' ors on Messrs. Lulin and Nicolas, The louis have increased here by 2 sous each, and as Mr, Nico las fears that you would not wish this increase included in his account, he wishes rae to abate it. That will not prevent our doing business ; I will give hira a receipt only for what he pays me, and by Saturday's courier I will despatch it, and, with God's help, it will give satisfaction to your Excellencies.' For the provision of those into whose hands this matter is to pass I will take the best raeans possible, and I calculate that, all expenses being defrayed, 15 per cent French raoney will exonerate us in the business. Your Excellency will be satisfied with the security which I give, I ask your pardon. Sir, if there has appeared to you to be a little too rauch heat in ray letters ; but I beg of you to put yourself into my place, I have exposed my life for the I Mr. Hill and M. Vander Meer. 5o 866 translations. service of the High Allies, and for ray country, without having required for so doing any conditions relating to ray own ad vantage. When I returned frora the Cevennes, I learned that certain persons, who would not have had the courage to take that journey, have endeavoured to start a doubt of the reality of mine. This imposture was no sooner dissipated than I see myself suspected of one still raore black, by ray fellow-countrymen, for whora I have exposed rayself, and every day expose myself, and all ray faraily. Let your Excellency judge of what you would have done yourself in such a case. Your not having positive orders on the subject does not affect my position. 1 have written several times thereon to England and to Holland, and I have always been directed in reply to address rayself to your E.xcellency, as having the necessary orders in the business. I have always offered to give you. Sir, a guarantee for the security of your Excellency. I will ask of the Chief Roland an account of the hundred louis of which you speak. I have written to him this morning to communicate the signal victory gained in Bavaria, with all the circumstances, and to confirra what Mons. Roqueirol told them. What had raade rae believe that he had imposed on them was, that he told thera that he had spoken to me, and carae frora England. Not knowing hira, I feared it was some stratagem of France to learn our com munications. That being very dangerous, it is good to take the necessary precautions. I even wrote to thera in answer, to subject the deserters who carae to thera to a strict exami nation, fearing lest they should be sent by our enemies to betray thera, or to get rid of the Chiefs by poison ; for there is nothing of which they are not capable. By the last post I received a letter frora St. Ipolite, frora whence I learn, that the Baron d'Aigalieres is to raise a regiment of Protestants on the foreign footing with liberty of conscience. The view of France is to depopulate this country, and to weaken the troops of the Caraisars. In my letter of to day I represent to them its poison, concealed under deceitful appearances, and by that which I shall next write I will continue to assure thera that efforts are raaking in the levying of troops, intended for their aid. It was Mons. la Croix that undeceived rae on the subject of Mons. Roqueirol. I was at Merges, expressly to inforra rayself on it. Your Excellencies raust be persuaded that I will neglect nothing of what I shall think useful to the coraraon cause. I beg of you. Sirs, to continue to rae your good opinion, and to grant me the honour of your protection. I ara, with profound respect, Your Excellency's Most obedient hurable servant, To Mr. Hill. Flotard. translations. 867 I was oraitting to tell you. Sir, that Monday's manuscript said, that the Chief Roland had died while dining at a Chateau. Private letters do not raention it. We shall be informed to morrow. {From M. Flotard to Mr, Hill : see page 148.) Geneva, August 23rd, 1704. Sir,, Last post, I replied to the letter, which I had the ho nour of receiving from you, ofthe 15th, and immediately after wards I went to Mess" Teisser and Coubier, who gave me their bill of guarantee. On Thursday I took it to Mr. Nicolas, who was very well satisfied with it, but as I was going to re ceive the raoney, I received my letters from France, among which I found one from one of ray correspondents at Nismes, which confirras the news which 1 have already comraunicated to your Excellency of the death of the Chief Roland, and of the capture of Messrs. Malplach, Secretaire, Malien, and one or two others, so that fearing lest they shall be compelled by torture to speak, or lest sorae one of my letters may have been found with them, by which my correspondence should be discovered, I have considered that it would be imprudent to send them that money, until after we have been fully in formed of the issue of that unfortunate affair ; and with that view I have written to the other Chiefs, by tbe way which I think the surest, that I had money in my hands to send to them, but that that disaster prevented me frora daring to for ward it to thera before receiving news frora thera to know if I could still raake use of the same ways ; that, as soon as I had their reply, I would send it to them ; that that would be followed by raore as we should receive their receipts, and fi nally, that the utraost efforts were making to raise a good bo dy of troops to aid them, exhorting them always to keep firm. While awaiting their answer, I have left the 100 louis with Messrs. Lulin and Nicolas, to whom I comraunicated my opin ion, which he [they ?] approved of. Indeed it would be putting his [their ?] money to too much risk, and might give trouble to many people. Tbe death of that Chief is disastrous at the present conjuncture. I hope, however, that the others will not fail to do their duty, and to put a trustworthy man at the head of that Chiefs troop. Of the rest I shall have the honour of giving inforraation to your Excellencies.' After this you will have a copy of the letter in question, which unhappily is 1 Mr. Hill and M. Vander Meer. 5o2 868 TRANSLATIONS. confirraed by many others. I am, with profound respect. Your Excellency's Most obedient humble servant, To Mr. Hill. Flotard. Since writing my letter I have just received another from Nismes, more circumstantial than tbe first, informing rae of the execution of the five prisoners. The testiraony which it gives rae of their exeraplary death induces rae to hope that ray correspondence will not suffer from it, on which 1 shall soon, please God, be fully inforraed. Nisraes, August 18th, 1704. Sir, You will doubtless have learned what is going on in the affair of the Camisars, who are producing such troubles in Languedoc. I raust inforra you that on the 13thof this raonth, Roland being in the neighbourhood of Brignon, with a dozen of his troop, when they had supped, a raan frora Uses, whora he did not suspect, said to thera : " Sirs, you should go and rest at the Castle of Castelnau, and sleep there while I go and get sorae fish during the night for you to carry to your troop." Roland believed what this man told him, and went to Castelnau with his people to sleep, but this raan, instead of fishing went to Uses, to give inforraation to the troops. M. de Peral, who coraraands there, collected as raany dragoons as he could, and sent thera straight to Castelnau, which is three leagues frora the said Uses ; where they arrived on Thursday the 14th, at six o'clock in the raorning; and, as the Castle coraraands an extensive prospect, it is said that Roland, and the rest, perceived thera, but too late ; for as the troops were coming at a gallop, or a sharp trot, they had not tirae to mount their horses. They had only time to get out of the Castle, and being pursued Roland was killed, and five others taken. On Friday they were brought here with the corpse of Roland. On Saturday the 16th, the trial took place, as well of the prisoners as of the corpse, which did not give the proceedings rauch opposition. They were conderaned to be broken alive, and to die on the wheel, which was executed the sarae day. The dead body of Roland was drawn on a hurdle to the foot of the scaffold, and afterwards burnt. The five, who were broken on the wheel, are said to have died an exemplary death. It is also said that Roland's troop has ranged itself under the other Chiefs, whora this execution has made furious. It is to be feared that they will soon take re venge for it. I thought I should give you pleasure by enter ing into this little detail, and am, [Sec] TRANSLATIONS. 869 Your Excellencies will see hereby that the death of that Chief will not have any raore disastrous results as to the gen eral affair. The risk of 100 louis would not be much for England and Holland, while waiting for the answer of the other Chiefs ; but, as I ara surety for thera, and as the loss of thera would be too considerable for rae, if your Excellencies think proper to risk thera on account of our Sovereigns, you have but to give me an order to that effect. I will take all possible raeasures to secure success, and I think the matter would turn out well for us. In this I subrait myself to your will and judgraent. (From M. Roland to M. Flotard: see page 150.^ (Copy.) Dusfort, August 1st, 1704. Sir, and dear brother. By ray last, of the 18tli of last raonth, I answered your three last, of the 20th, 24th, and 27th of June. You have not inforraed rae of the receipt of those of the 12th and 24th of June, in which I raentioned to you our constancy and firraness, notwithstanding all the efforts of our persecutors, who harass us rauch, which shews the necessity of receiving the aid, which you have always given us reason to hope for, and which ought to have arrived long since. However, we have not seen or felt anything of it. I thought that during this fair of Beaucaire, we should have had the honour of see ing you, or sorae one frora you, with raoney to enable us to raake sorae provision of corn, and other things necessary for our support. On this point I fiattered rayself, as well as ray co-adjutors, whora I have always encouraged to the utraost of ray power. Our persecutors practise such cruelties that we need to be well fortified and aided by the Lord not to fall under the teraptation. The Baron d'Aigalieres has returned frora Paris. He pressed us rauch to confer with him on new means of peace by order of the King. I did not wish another conference. However, ray friends advised rae to it, and I as sented. He told rae, that the King would by no means per rait tbe liberty of our religion in France, but that if we would depart with all the Protestants, he would give us a Province with as rauch property as we have here. This I refused, tel ling hira that I would remain in ray native land, perforraing the sarae functions as at present to the last breath of ray life ; and of all ray brethren's ; and that we were all ready to sa crifice our lives, since nothing else reraained to us, our goods being burnt and pillaged ; and that henceforth it would be of no use to make such propositions ; that even if the King 870 TRANSLATIONS. should grant us the public exercise of our religion we expect to have England and Holland as guarantees. Thus we strong ly rejected this new temptation, by the grace of God. I leave you to think of the cruelties which they practise. They car ry ofl' all the relations of those who are with us, and drag them to dungeons, without, however, (thanks be to the Lord) making any of ray people think of surrender. May it please Hira to strengthen us to perseverance to obtain that Crown of Life which he reserves for his people. I must inform you that a gentleraan named Roqueirol carae here to us, saying, that he was of Castres, and had corae frora England, to see in what state we were, and to tell us not to be disraayed, since aid was getting ready for us, but that it could not be given so effectually this carapaign as was desired, but that as for rao ney we should have sorae iraraediately. I would not listen to hira without his giving rae the word which you left rae ; but he told rae your narae, and said he had spoken fully to you, but that you would not give hira the word. He even returned and said that he would speak to you. I pray you to inforra me on the matter. If we had not flattered our selves with receiving money, which has been of great injury to us, we should have taken other means, to make some pro vision of corn during the harvest which is about to be finish ed, which will enable our oppressors to oppose us raore vigour- ously. We should have a great nuraber of deserters; we have sorae as it is ; and even sorae old Catholics, and some English. I must say, ray dear brother, that we have reason to coraplain of your proraises from never having felt any ef fect from them. We fear lest those who raight assist us want first to establish themselves. However, being all raerabers of the Church of Jesus Christ, they ought to reflect that they are bound in conscience to sacrifice their lives and properties for our deliverance, as we have supplicated thera to do with all the earnestness in our power ; and as we do still, as does also the Marquis of Mireraont, our General, and all our other brethren who have fled frora France. They are chiefly those who ought to be influenced by an ardent desire to return to their country, and to deliver their brethren frora so hard a slavery. We fight and will do so to the last breath ofour life to free ourselves frora it. The Clergy are enraged, and think theraselves lost : they see the rairacles which God perforras in us, and would wish to have all those who are detained in the towns slaughtered. We dread that fatal spectacle after this carapaign. They even boast of it, and it is certain that they will fill all this country with troops in order to practise these last cruelties. We have always after us their troops in detachraents of 2 or 3 thousand raen each. Through the grace of God we keep so TRANSLATIONS, 871 well on our guard, and on the alert, that they have hitherto been unable to surprise us. I conclude by conjuring you, by the Lord's narae, to give us sorae succour. (Signed) Roland, {Credentials of Mr, Hill to the Republic of Venice : see page 161,) Anne, by the grace of God, Queen of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, Sec : to his Most Serene Highness, Prince Silvester Valerius, Duke of Venice, and to the Most Serene Venetian Coraraonwealth, our very dear friends, health and prosperity. Most Serene Prince, and Commonwealth ; Whereas we have deemed it fit that you, who are illustrious for the character of prudence, should be con sulted with on certain matters, which, in our opinion at least, tend very greatly both to the general good of Europe, and also to the particular interests of yourselves and your Cora raonwealth, we have resolved that a person should be selected suited to t'nis excellent work, and have judged it best to send to you, and to your Coraraonwealth, with the honourable title of our Envoy Extraordinary, our faithful and beloved Richard Hill, Esquire, Lord of Hawkstone and Atchara, a counsellor of his Most Serene Highness, George, Prince of Denraark, our raost exceedingly dear husband, and Lord High Adrairal of England, and Ireland, a raan of whose diligence and pru dence in carrying on matters of importance we have already had thorough proof ; and so we hope that his arrival will be acceptable to you, and we beg you to be pleased to give hira a favourable hearing, and to repose full confidence in him, in all raatters which be shall bring forward in our narae, but especially in every discourse by which he shall endeavour to express our especial favour towards you, and your Common wealth, and the highest friendly feeling. For the rest, we heartily coraraend you, and your Commonwealth, to the pro tection of the Divine Providence. Given at our Castle of Windsor, the 29th day of the raonth of September, in the year of our Lord, 1704, and in the 3rd of our Reign. Your good friend, Anne R. {Credentials of Mr. Hill to the Republic of Venice : see page 162,) Anne, by the grace of God, Queen of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c. : to his Most 872 translations. Serene Highness, Prince Silvester Valerius, Duke of Venice, and to the Most Serene Venetian Coraraonwealth, our very dear friends, health and prosperity. Most Serene Prince, and Coraraonwealth ; Whereas we have deemed it fit that you, who are illustrious for the character of prudence, should be con sulted with on certain matters, which, in our opinion at least, tend very greatly both to the general good of Europe, and also to tbe particular interests of yourselves and your Coraraon wealth, we have resolved that a person should be selected suited to this excellent work, and have judged it best to send to you, and to your Coraraonwealth, our faithful and beloved Richard Hill, Esquire, Lord of Hawkstone and Atchara, a counsellor of his Most Serene Highness, George, Prince of Denraark, our raost exceedingly dear husband, and LordHigh Adrairal of England, and Ireland, a raan of whose diligence and prudence in carrying on raatters of iraportance, we have already had thorough proof; and so we hope that his arrival will be acceptable to you, and we beg you to be pleased to give hira a favourable hearing, and to repose full confidence in hira in all raatters which he shall bring forward in our name, but especially in every discourse by which he shall endeavour to express our especial favour towards you, and your Cora raonwealth, and the highest friendly feeling. For the rest, we heartily coraraend you, and your Commonwealth, to the pro tection of the Divine Providence. Given at our Castle of Windsor, the 29th day of the raonth of Septeraber, in the year of our Lord, 1704, and in the 3rd of our Reign, Your good friend, Anne R. {The Duke of Marlborough to Mr. Hill : see page 169.) Carap, before Landau, Noveraber 13th, 1704. Sir, The Marquis de Prie having told rae that an opportu nity offered of writing to Turin, I gladly avail myself of it to send you these few lines, and to inform you, that, as my pre sence is of little utility here at the siege, which raay still be protracted for some days, I have resolved to visit Berlin for the purpose of endeavouring to obtain some speedy aid from the King of Prussia for the Duke of Savoy. You will easily perceive that nothing but ray zeal for the service of his Royal Highness could induce rae to take such a journey at this season, and when you know that ray presence is so necessary in En gland. I set out to raorrow, very early in the raorning, and I beg of you to raake use of the first opportunity to assure his Royal Highness of my raost hurable respects, and that no one TRANSLATIONS. 873 in the world can be more devoted than I am to his interests, of which I hope soon to find raeans to convince hira by the results. I ara very sincerely. Sir, Your very humble and very obedient servant. To Mr, Hill, The Duke of Marlborough. {Prince Eugene to Mr, Hill : see page 194.) Vienna, April 11th, 1705. Sir, I had much pleasure in receiving your letter, of the 26th of March last, since by that raeans I have found the op portunity, which I had wished for, of raaking your acquaint ance, and of receiving, besides, the honour of your correspond ence. Now, as I ara on the eve of setting out for Italy, I will tell you. Sir, ray thought respecting the coraraission which you have frora her Majesty the Queen, your raistress, and I think it would be better to undertake nothing thereupon un til I shall have arrived in Italy, and also until the auxiliary troops may be collected there. I will not fail to inforra you when I arrive on the frontiers; and then we will concert, at a less distance, the raeasures to be adopted in the affair, in which the intention of her Majesty the Queen is as laudable as useful for the coraraon cause. Meantirae, I beg you to be lieve, that I am. Sir, &c, To Mr, Hill, Eugene of Savoy. {Queen Anne to the Duke of Savoy .- see page 203.) My brother and cousin. The signal affection and zeal which you have ex hibited for the defence of the common cause, have given rae the highest opinion of your courage and your prudence, al though you have not yet had the success which you deserved. I assure you that I will give you all the assistance, as well by my fleet as by landing troops, that can be expected frora rae, in order to restore to your subjection the cities of Nice and Villa-Franca ; and I have sent orders to my Envoy Extraor dinary at your Court, to inform you of all the measures con certed for your service, having no doubt that you will take, on your side, those which will be most suitable to co-operate with ray forces for the object which I propose to myself, as 5p 874 TRANSLATIONS. well for your particular advantage as for that of the common cause. I ara, with rauch truth, and affection. My brother and cousin. Your affectionate sister and cousin, Kensington, May 22nd, 1705. Anne R. To the Duke of Savoy, My Brother and Cousin. {Marquis St. Thomas to Mr. Hill: see page 215.) Carap at Castagnitto, July 29th, 1705. Sir, His Royal Highness has thought proper to write a new letter to the Earl of Peterborough, and to send hira a copy of the preceding ones. He wishes thera put into cipher, and as he believes you had one with the Earl, I send M. Merel to Turin with the rainutes, begging that you will let hira make use of your cipher, and order one of your Secretaries to dic tate to bira, at your residence, for the sake of expedition. I have the honour to be. Sir, with great sincerity. Your raost obedient humble servant. To Mr. Hill. Vict. Thomas. {Queen Anne to the Duke of Savoy : see page 223.) Windsor, 10th Septeraber, 1705. My brother and cousin, I have received your letter of the 16th of August ; and I feel very sensibly all that so closely relates to the interests of your Royal Highness. I will not lose a raoraent in giving the orders, necessary to satisfy the deraands which you raake on me, in everything that depends on rae ; and you may be assured that nothing on ray part will be wanting to give you an aid as speedy as possible. With that view I can flnd at present no better raeans than to enter into the excellent reso lution of ray good friends and allies, the States-General; which I ara doing with great ardour, having sent a letter to the King of Spain to shew hira the utility of that expedition ; and or ders to ray Adrairals to accoraplish it. And you may be per suaded that I will raake every effort for the support of an ally who has so rauch signalized hiraself by his actions and by his sufferings for the comraon cause. I have always resolved never to enter into any project of peace, without a particular regard being had to the interests of your Royal Highness. I observe with much pleasure the assurances which the States- General have given you on this subject. I promise you not TRANSLATIONS. 875 only to concur with thera there, but also to do everything I can to keep them firm to a resolution so just and so laudable. I am, with much truth, and affection. My brother and cousin. Your affectionate_ sister and cousin, Anne R. {From M, Cavallier to Mr, Hill: see page 227.) Camp of Turin, October 13th, 1705. Sir, I do rayself the honour of sending this, having learnt, from a raan who came from Languedoc, the raanner in which things are going on there. I would not fail in transmitting the inforraation to your Excellency. I wished to send him to you ; but he would not go for fear of being recognised. He assures rae that the raaii named Claris had 200 men with hira. This raan was one of ray troop ; and a man named Portefrajeue as many. As they make all men, great and small, march for Catalonia, they are increasing daily. There are even many Papists who are joining them every day. I hope your Ex cellency, seeing this, will have the goodness to obtain leave for me, from his Royal Highness, to go to Switzerland. I am making efforts to find a good nuraber of raen to go thither, the opportunity being so raanifestly favourable. I would go to join the Marquis de Guiscard iu Holland, as they are disa greeing much with the Marquis de Mireraont. It is known that they will do nothing ; and the time will still slip away without any succour being given to the poor people. As for rae, I have the honour of informing you that, at the peril of my blood and life, I will do everything I can, to go and join them, wherever I may be, whether here, or elsewhere. If I see no sign of diligence, I will, on my side, do everything I can, with God's help ; and I hope I shall not lose my time. I am fully persuaded that your Excellency will have the goodness to give your assistance and approbation thereto ; since it is for the deliverance of the poor and oppressed, and for the glory of God, that I act. I again beg your powerful protection, since I am ever, with profound respect. Sir, Your Excellency's raost obedient hurable servant. To Mr, Hill, Cavallier. {Charles III, King of Spain, to Mr, Hill: seepage 228.) Mr. Hill, The news which we have will not be disagreeable to you ; all the strong places in Catalonia being taken or surren- 5p2 876 TRANSLATIONS. dered, except Roses. This is a success beyond all hope, and it only reraains to sustain it, and to profit by such a piece of good fortune. To complete ray satisfaction, I desire only to re ceive good news frora you, and to learn that, the Duke of Savoy is in a state to maintain his ground this winter. I doubt not that it is the last proof of his firmness, and that in the coming year he will enjoy the glory of so many distinguish ed actions, since in the month of April the naval armament will be in our seas, destined by the allies for the support of his Highness, and of ray interests. We want but money to enable us even to advance into the territories of France. Roussillon has almost the same inclination as Catalonia, and in the Cevennes the fit moraent is awaited in order to begin again. You will see by the letters of Lord Godolphin, that Crowe has orders to comraunicate to you the intention of the Court to send the necessary credit to Genoa and to Livorne ; but raeantirae we shall be lost; and we cannot raake any raoveraent for want of money, as well for the Dutch as for the English troops. For this reason I pray you to go to Ge noa, and to Livorne, and to support the efforts of Mr. Crowe with the Consuls of the two nations at Genoa and Livorne, and to request all the raerchants to give raoney on the bills of the Earl of Peterborough. Without this all is stopped here. The Queen's Arabassador has done the sarae thing at Lisbon, and has received the applause and thanks of your Court. I recommend to you the public interest on this oc casion ; and I shall always acknowledge your zeal, praying you to act with vigour to find wherewithal to sustain the troops in this extremity. Barcelona, 27th October, 1705. Charles. ( The Prince Liechtenstein to Mr. Hill : see page 229.^ Sir, Tbe frigate which was to convey, by express frora the King ray raaster, to his Royal Highness of Savoy, the news of the taking of Barcelona, and the restoration of all Catalo nia, except the city of Roses, having been detained until the present tirae, I have no doubt that this agreeable news will have reached you through France or otherwise. His Catho lic Majesty, believing, for this reason, that the successful ex pedition of Catalonia will be already published throughout all Italy, although we have not sent it to any one, has con sidered it superfluous to send a courier with news which will be old everywhere. I shall not dwell on the particular fea tures of the expedition to Catalonia, knowing that the whole will be coraraunicated to you by the Earl of Peterborough. TRANSLATIONS. 877 We have received very agreeable news from the Kingdom of Arragon. We want only an aid of troops, and particularly money, to take advantage of these favourable circurastances, and to carry our arms into the heart of Spain. I have not heard whether, after the death of Count Aversberg, his Im perial Majety has now another minister at the Court of Tu rin ; which makes rae take the liberty of begging you to have the goodness to present the King's letter to his Royal High ness, accorapanied by the assurance of his inviolable and perfect attachraent to his interests. You would give rae rauch pleasure, if, at the same tirae, you would bear ray very hurable respects to his Royal Highness, assuring him, that I have no higher arabition than to testify to hira on all occasions ray ardent desire to render to him my most obedient services. Of this truth I have assured his Royal Highness in several let ters which I have had the honour of writing to hira frora the Hague, and frora Lisbon, although I have reason to belie ve, that they have raiscarried. The news, which has reached us by the last post frora Vienna, of a great auxiliary force marching and destined for Italy, has given us very great consolation. I hope the allied fleet will appear in the Mediterranean, as early as we are assured of, in order to push our conquests, and to de liver Italy, and particulary his Royal Highness, frora the arras of France, which he has opposed with so ranch glory, and so much service to the comraon cause. I ara. Sec, To Mr, Hill, The Prince Liechtenstein. {Queen Anne to the Duchess-Dowager of Savoy : see p. 235.) My Sister, Having perraitted Mr. Hill, ray Envoy Extraordinary at the Court of my brother, the Duke of Savoy, to return hither, I did not wish that he should depart without giving you new assurances of the great esteera, and particular affection, which I have for you ; of which I shall be well pleased to give you essential proofs on all occasions. My said Envoy will raore fully explain to you ray sentiraents thereupon ; and I pray you to place full reliance upon hira, and to believe that I ara. My Sister, Your affectionate sister, St, James's, Anne R. Qth November, 1705. {From M. Delescheraine to Mr. Hill: see page 236.) Sir, I cannot be consoled for being deprived of the satis- 878 TRANSLATIONS. faction of bidding you farewell, and of renewing in person my assurances of the most tender and solid attachraent that can be ; but, since for that there is no remedy, permit me to seek sorae consolation in the hope which I entertain, that you will continue to rae your dear and valuable friendship, and that, whithersoever your raerit and the orders of your great Queen may call y-ou, you will always preserve for rae a sraall part in the honour of your reraerabrance. Do not fear that on ray side I should forget ray best and most estimable friend. If it is true that meraory is in the heart, your kindness, your uprightness, your polished and conciliating raanners have produced an irapression in mine which can never be effaced. I send you Madarae Royal's answer to the Queen's letter. You will find in it raarks of the confidence which her Royal Highness reposes in your zeal and affection ; which you could net testify to her, in a raanner raore useful, raore agreeable, and raore effectual, than in assuring her Majesty of the senti raents which you know that Princess to have for her. I ara desired to write to you, on her part, that she infinitely regrets not having been able to bid you farewell, or testify to you personally the consideration which she will have, during her life, for a raan like you, whose approbation she values so high ly. She is sure that you will do her thereupon all the justice which she ought to expect frora ber good intentions, and your exact discernment. As for rae, Sir, who was attached to you frora the heart, and frora so raany other raotives, I can but weakly express to you how I ara affected by your departure ; for which I can be inderanified only by sorae opportunities of rendering to you ray very hurable services, and of convincing you that I ara in reality and for ever. Sir, Your raost obedient hurable servant, Turin, 18th January, 1706. Delescheraine. {Duchess-Dowager qf Savoy to Queen Anne : see page 237.) Madara, I have received with due respect the letter with which it has pleased your Majesty to honour rae on the subject of the departure of Mr. Hill, your Envoy to this Court. I flat ter rayself that he, who has been witness of ray conduct, and who is perfectly acquainted with ray sentiraents, full of grati tude and adrairation for your Majesty, will give you a parti cular account of them, and will aid rae by his good offices in preserving your esteem and kindness. That rainister, so wise, an^ so generally loved and respected in this country, has very translations. 879 worthily maintained the idea which is entertained of your governraent, which is so just, and so discreet in all its elections. I beg of you also to believe, that I unite, with the assurance of ray zeal, which he will convey to you, those sincere pro testations of attachraent, and veneration, with which I ara, Madara, Your Majesty's Very hurable and affectionate cousin and servant. Turin, \8th January, 1706. (The Duke of Savoy to Mr, Hill: see page 237.) Mr. Hill, Mr. Chetwynd having told rae that you have written to hira to go and join you, in order to withdraw with you, I have not considered it expedient that he should yet set out, as it appears to rae to be conducive to the interest of the Queen, and of the coraraon cause, that, for every thing that raay relate to it, sorae one should reraain here until the arri val of the person whora her Majesty shall have appointed in your stead. This view I have coraraunicated to him, and have desired to raake you acquainted with it, not doubting that you will agree with the opinion. I ara truly, Mr.. Hill, Your best friend. Turin, 25th January, 1706. V. Amadeus. ( The Duke of Savoy to Mr, HiU : see page 238.) Mr. Hill, This letter will be delivered to you by Mr. Boiier, who will coraraunicato to you frora rae the coraraission with which I have charged hira. I beg you will assist hira with your wise directions, and take such raeasures as raay be ne cessary for the safety of the convoy in question, in order that, at any price whatever, this business raay be fully accoraplished. You will know its importance ; and the zeal which actuates you for the interest of the coraraon cause, as well as the af fection which you have always raanifested in every thing that relates to me, assures rae that you will forget nothing on an occasion of such consequence ; which will raake me retain a particular reraerabrance of it, and be raore and raore truly, Mr. Hill, Your best friend. Twin, 25th JanuMry, 1706. V. Amadeus. . 880 translations. {Mr, Hill to Count De la Tour: see page 239.) The Hague, August 24th, 1708. Sir, Having come here to transact some little business with the authorities of the Adrairalty, I cannot be on this side of the water without desiring to renew with you an intercourse, frora which I forraerly derived so rauch pleasure ; but as I never could speak or write to you otherwise than with open heart, and the utraost sincerity, I raust inform you, that on the urgent representations made at our Court, on the part of the Eraperor, the Queen has ordered rae to extend ray jour ney to Turin, and to put myself at the feet of his Royal High ness if he will perrait me. I therefore beg of you. Sir, to make rae acquainted with the intentions of his Royal High ness, in order that I raay do nothing which could displease him, or coraproraise the reputation and honour of the Queen, ray mistress. I think I shall begin ray journey to Francfort in 3 or 4 days, where I shall anxiously await your orders. If you do rae the honour of writing, you will please to address your letter to rae under cover to M. Couvreur, banker, Franc fort. 1 will stop there, or hasten on, according to the advice I receive frora you. My zeal and ardour for the service will insure the utraost expedition on ray part, if necessary, and I shall be influenced by nearly equal eagerness to give you new proofs of the inviolable attachraent with which I am, &c. To M, the Count de la Tour, Hill. {Propositions given in by Mr, Hill to the Pensioner qf Holland: see page 258.) The Queen of England offers to the States-General to furnish the Eang of Portugal with 4000 raen, as the Eraperor's third; and also to pay one-half of the subsidies, which his Ira perial Majesty was to pay according to the treaty, on condition that the States furnish the other half. Thus dividing the whole of the Eraperor's third into four parts, her Britannic Majesty will furnish three of them, on condition that the States furnish the fourth. The Hague, Sept. 7th, 1703. {Count D' Aversberg to Mr. Stepney : see page 259.) Turin, August 1 1 th , 1 708. We sign the treaty to night, or to raorrow, without fail, on the footing which I have communicated to you by my TRANSLATIONS. 881 letter of the 28th ult. The great point is secrecy ; and I pray you also to recoraraend it at horae, since France already knows raany particulars ofthe raatter; and the Marquis de Torcy has already spoken strongly on the subject to the Arabassador of Savoy, who is at Paris ; and it is to be feared that France raay ruin that Prince before we are in a state to succour hira, or he to aid us. I hope soon to see you again. All the Ga zettes are full of the stateraent that Mr. Hill is to come here; but I have already told you that you ought to get full pow er sent to Vienna as well as that of Holland ; and the Duke of Savoy will send his thither also, in order to conclude with us if it be found suitable. {Mr, Hill to Count D' Aversberg : see page 275.) The Hague, November 2nd, 1703. Sir, I have not hastened to thank you for the letter which you did rae the honour of writing to me, on the 22nd of Sep tember, because you said that 1 might still expect letters frora you which were to follow that very speedily ; and fur ther, because 1 did not know your address. I have therefore contented rayself with remaining at rest here, awaiting news from you, and the orders of his Royal Highness. We have now just seen the upshot of your affair; and we see with indig nation the raanner in which the King of France intends to treat a Sovereign Prince. I have seen the letters which his Royal Highness has addressed here to the States and to the Duke of Marlborough, and I await irapatiently here the or ders and instructions which will be given to rae frora London respecting that which his Royal Highness has written to the Queen. I ara sure that succour will be ardently given in that quarter to a Prince too rauch exposed to the coraraon eneray who is as cruel as insolent. In the States of Holland here pretty vigourous resolutions have just been taken, which will doubtless be followed by the other Provinces. I ara la bouring here to have sorae one with rae on the part of the States-General, in case I receive orders to go to Turin. If I receive thera, as I expect to do very soon, I will exert the ut raost diligence to repair to ray post ; since ray heart is full of zeal for the interests of the coraraon cause, and for the service of his Royal Highness. I shall be glad to flnd you still at Turin on ray arrival, in order that I may testify to you with how rauch sincerity, I ara, &c. To Count D' Aversberg, Hill. 882 translations. {Mr, Hill to M. Vander Meer .• see page 294.) The Hague, Nov, 27th, 1703. Sir, I have received orders frora the Queen to repair to Turin, to the aid of his Royal Highness. I ara inforraed here that you will speedily have similar orders frora the States. This has given me true pleasure ; and I wish very much that we raight travel together frora Francfort. We are both to give our utmost attention to advancing the interests of his Royal Highness ; and I most anxiously wish we could raake M. Arnaud pass with his troop of Vaudois into the Valleys. You and I are to furnish the means of enabling hira to set out on his march ; and I beg of you to forward the business. When I arrive at Francfort I will pay the two-thirds of what is necessary for hira. You are to furnish the other third on account of the States. Have the goodness to coramunicate this to M. Arnaud as soon as possible, so that we raay be able to conclude with him on my reaching Francfort. I am glad to have this opportunity of assuring you that I am. Sec To M, de Vander Meer, Hill. Memorial of Mr, Hill to the Deputies of the Admiralty at the Hague : see page 299.) Memorial of Mr. Hill, Lord ofthe Adrairalty of England, &c : As it has pleased her Majesty, the Queen of England, to order 30 vessels-of-the-line of her fleet to be united with the 18 vessels of their High Mightinesses at Lisbon, &c : her Majesty has ordered me to represent to the Directors of the Adrairalty of the United Provinces, that she thinks it abso lutely necessary to the purposes of the two nations that their High Mightinesses should speedily equip 18 other vessels-of- the-line to be joined with 30 other vessels of tbe Queen at Portsmouth, with a proportional nuraber of frigates, in or der that they raay be able to act in concert, whether in an noying the eneray, or in checking the cruises of their pri vateers, or for the security of the channel, and of the coasts of England, Holland, and Zealand, or in watching the pri vateers of Dunkirk, Ostend, and St. Malo. The undersigned further states, by order of her Britannic Majesty, that she wishes that the convoys of the raerchant- vessels of the two nations, going to Lisbon, raay be united both going and returning, which may easily be done, by their meeting at the Downs, or at Spithead ; and further, that the convoys of the two nations, going to the Sound and to Russia next year, raay have orders to return together. The undersigned states further, that the Queen will cause translaiions. 883 to be equipped 8 ships-of-the-line, or frigates, to blockade the port of Dunkirk, or to watch and pursue the privateers of that port, in case they should corae out ; and her Majesty wishes the States to furnish six of their ships for the sarae service, and desires that those 14 vessels may act in concert. I beg the authorities of the Adrairalty to comraunicate to the Queen their intentions on these articles, through M. de Vryberge, who is in London. Done at the Hague, Hill. this 28th of November, 1703. {Mr, Hill to M. St. Thomas : see page 303.) Turin, January 14th, 1704. Sir, The Dutch Envoy and I arrived here this evening. I should be rauch raortified at not having found his Royal High ness at Turin, if his great designs for the common interests did not console rae for everything. I however address your Excel lency, as soon as possible, to beg of you to let me know the intentions of his Royal Highness, whether I am to await his return here, or whether he will permit rae to go and put ray self at his feet at his Carap, or else will appoint sorae Coramis- sioner here to whom I may comraunicate the orders which I have received frora the Queen of England, my mistress. I have corae with a heart full of zeal and ardour for the service of his Royal Highness. I am, &c. To M. St. Thomas, 8fc. Hill. {Mr. Hill to the Envoy of Bavaria : see page 322.) Turin, February 20th, 1704. Sir, I am much grieved at having been prevented from see ing you here at Turin, as I very much wished to do ; but I cannot know of your departure from this Court without beg ging of you to lay ray raost hurable respects at the feet of his Electoral Highness. I had conceived so perfect a veneration for the person of that Prince, and so high an idea of his raerit, during the tirae I had the honour of serving with him in Flanders, that all the ill which he has done to us could not weaken them. I did not indeed think that his Electoral High ness was ever to draw bis sword against the Emperor, and the Erapire, nor that he would have pushed his resentraent so far. It is still impossible for us good people to think that his Electoral Highness should wish to carry things to the last extreraity. For this reason I have been ordered by the Queen, 5q2 884 translations. ray raistress, to seek every possible raeans of offering to his Electoral Highness her friendship, and that ofthe States-Ge neral, with the raediation of those two powers with his Ira perial Majesty, and their guarantee in all that which that Court raay do or proraise to his Electoral Highness. I have powers sufficiently ample to pledge her Britannic Majesty and the States-General to do all that his Electoral Highness raay demand of thera. I beg of you to raake your raaster under stand this, and that I ara ready to receive here the honour of his coraraands, or to go for them to Genoa, Venice, or else where ; although I could receive them in this city with all iraaginable secrecy. I wish you a good and happy journey, and pray you to honour rae with a word in reply, when time suits. I ara, &c. To the Envoy of Bavaria. Hill. {From Mr. HiU to the Consul at Nice : see page 366.) Turin, May 30th, 1704. Sir, As I have learned that there are sorae English sailors and raasters of raerchant-vessels in the prisons at Toulon, and that they are perishing there, at the expense of his Most Christian Majesty, I pray you to raake it known to the offi cers of his said Majesty at that port, that, in case they will be so good as to send thera to Nice, I engage myself, in ho nour and conscience, to cause to be liberated, from the prisons of the Queen, as many French of the same quality, and of the sarae rank, as those who shall corae to Nice. The French Gentleraen have only to send thera back, raaking two lists of thera ; of which they will send one to Brest or Dunkirk, and the other to you, which I will forward to London, where the officers of the Queen will charge theraselves with the ac count. It is a work of charity which we are going to do, if the French there will consent. I am &c. To M, the Consul, at Nice, Hill. {Major-General Belcastel's Instructions: see page 3^,) Extract frora the Register of the Resolu- Secret. tions of the High and Mighty Lords, the States-General, ofthe United Provinces of the Low Countries. Tuesday, April 29th, 1704. After having heard the report of Mons. de Essen, and the other Deputies of their High Mightinesses for Foreign translations. 885 affairs, respecting their conference with the Duke of Marlbo rough, Arabassador Extraordinary of her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, upon the aid that could be given to the people of the Cevennes, and upon all that could be done in their fa vour, in which conference the Duke declared her Majesty's de sire to co-operate, by the contribution of two-thirds, in all that could be done in favour of the people of the Cevennes, — and after deliberation had thereupon, — It was resolved that Major- General Belcastel be ordered, and he is hereby ordered accord ingly, to repair as soon as possible to Switzerland and Pied raont, and having arrived there to exaraine, in conjunction with the Ministers of her Majesty, and of their High Mighti nesses, what can be done in favour of the people of the Ceyen- lies ; and particularly whether in Switzerland, or in the adjoin ing Provinces, 3000 men could be levied at the expense and for the services of England and the State, in aiding of the people of the Cevennes : and, if that should be found possible and feasible, to expedite the business as rauch as possible, and to give iraraediate information to their High Mightinesses, in or der that more particular orders may be sent to hira according to the exigency of the case : that this shall be coraraunicated to M. Vander Meer, Envoy Extraordinary of their High Mightinesses at the Court of the Duke of Savoy, and that he be inforraed, that the aforesaid General will confer with hira when he arrives, and that both of them, in conjunction with Mr. Hill, Envoy Extraordinary ofher Britannic Majesty, and also with the Duke of Savoy, or his Ministers, will concert the raeans of accoraplishing the levy of the 3000 raen, and will consider in what raanner, raost effectually to annoy the ene my, the 3000 raen should act in the execution of whatever they raay jointly deera best to be done ; and that, provisionally, and as far as possible, they will assist in effecting the necessary arrangeraents ; of all which they will give iraraediate inforraa tion to their High Mightinesses. That an abstract of these Resolutions of their High Mighti nesses shall be sent to M. Van Vryberge, Envoy Extraordi nary of their High Mightinesses at the Court of her Britannic Majesty, and that he be inforraed of whatever raay be advan tageous, and that he request that similar orders may be sent to her Majesty's ministers in Savoy. Signed Randuyck, President. {Seepage 398.) Estimate of the levy of 3000 men on the Swiss footing, in Piedmont, and of their maintenance. 886 translations. The raising of 3000 raen, according to tbe Swiss livkes. capitulation, at 20 crowns per man, raakes 60,000 crowns. 240,000 Pay of these 3000 raen, at 20 livres, of Pied mont, a raonth, raakes 60,000 livres per raonth, and for a year 720,000 The Queen and the States are to undertake, by the capitulation, to support these troops for 3 years. Thus the pay for 2 raore years will amount to 1,440,000 The gratuity of ten per cent, which it would be necessary to grant to the Captains on the pay of the effective men, supposing the corps to be always complete, will amount for one year to 72,000 The sarae for two raore years 144,000 The Etat-Major' of these 3000 raen is regulated in Holland at f 3000g. per raonth, being f36,000g. per annura 57,600 The sarae for 2 raore years 1 15,200 Three thousand rauskets and 3000 bayonets will cost 3000 louis d'or, being 48,000 600 tents will cost 3,000 Powder, ball, and aramunition for this corps. It will cost 2,771,800 These are gratuities, ^Allowances, waggons, gran ted by capitulation, f Ten days' pay for recruits, which I cannot calculate. T A month's furlough^ for recruits, 3 A month's pay after a victory. To the Lord Treasurer. {Mr, Hill to M, Flotard : see page 404.) Turin, August 14th, 170 <•. Sir, I received the letters which you took the trouble of writing to rae on the 2nd, and 9th ; but I confess I feel a dif ficulty in corresponding with you frora your taking things so warraly, and that on suppositions which are soraetiraes un founded. I inforraed you that I acted in a subordinate capaci ty, and could not dispose of the Queen's raoney ; that the sources of aid to the Cevennois were in London, and at the Hague ; that the projects of the arraies under the coraraand of the Prince of Hesse, and ofthe Marquis de Mireraont, were good and excellent, but that the Cevennois would not be con soled by thera ; that we ought to subrait to the orders of our 1 The list of the general officers. ° It means probably a month's leave before joining. translations. 887 superiors. I informed you, that I thought a pecuniary sub sidy the most speedy, and I asked of you the means of affording it to them. You have not explained thera to rae in such a manner as to raake thera appear to rae practicable. You had inforraed rae that you were bound by oath not to reveal the naraes of your correspondents. After that I never asked for them, nor ever wished to learn them. I asked you for your project in writing, and I forwarded it. It was not deemed se cure; and I have received no orders thereupon. I had money, arms, &c., which I expected to send to them by sea : that failed. An attempt was made to convey money to them through mer chants, both before and after your arrival in this country, but with no better success. It is not, I repeat, the naraes of your correspondents that forms the difficulty ; it is the little securi ty which attends the execution of your project, and the fear of denial, after having been already deceived in such trials. Both the Dutch Envoy, and rayself, are much surprised at finding by brother Roland's letter, of the 1st of August, that he did not receive 100 louis d'or, which we sent hira at the beginning of July ; but if you will give, as you say in yours of the 2nd, a surety at Geneva to guarantee the sums to be in trusted to you, until you produce the receipts of the Chiefs of the Cevenols, we will request Messrs. Lullin and Nicolas to pay you at Lyons the sum of 100 louis d'or, in specie, on such security. The man called Roqueirol was sent into Langue doc more than three raonths ago, to advise Cavallier to dwell on your refusal to go there. He has not succeeded in infiu- encing Cavallier ; but he has been with brother Roland, and has brought us letters frora hira to be on our guard with you : " I beg of you to consider the raan as an impostor." He has been ordered to assure them that those means will be requir ed of them until troops are levied in England under the or ders of the Marquis de Mireraont ; and on this side under the orders of M. de Belcastel. These levies are now raaking ; and I beg you will inforra your friends of it. You will find here a letter on Messrs. Lullin and Nicolas, for 100 louis d'or, and on your giving us the receipts which you proraise, we will supply you with raore. I ara &c. To M, Flotard, Geneva. Hill. {Mr, Hill to Messrs, Lullin and Nicolas : see page 410.) Turin, August 19th, 1704. Sirs, As the Minister of the Finances has thought proper to send you letters of exchange, which he draws on Count Brian9on for 106,666| crowns, the value of which he wishes to receive here through your hands, I have entered into his 888 translations. views and reasons, which are very just; and I have undertaken to inforra the Queen of thera, and I have this day written to my Lord Godolphin to apprise hira of those drafts on M. de Brian9on, and to request hira to provide for the payraent of that sura in London. I ara quite sure he will do so, since it is a raatter of indifference to hira, whether be raake a remit tance hither, or pay those letters of exchange in London, on the Queen's account, and as his Royal Highness finds it more convenient to have letters of exchange drawn than to wait for remittances, I have no doubt that ray Lord Godolphin will so far oblige him. No provision has yet been made here for the payraent of the subsidies which will be due at the begin ning of October, and our letters will reach London in time to have them paid to the orders of the Count de Brian9on. I am, &c. To Messrs. Lullin 8f Nicolas, Hill. Bankers, Geneva, (Orders ofthe States to M, Belcastel: seepage A25.) Secret. Extract from the Register of the Resolutions of the High and Mighty Lords, the States-General, of the United Provinces of the Low Countries. Tuesday, September 2nd, 1704. In accordance with the foregoing deliberation, it has been re solved, that orders shall be written to M. Vander Meer, Envoy Extraordinary of their High Mightinesses, at the Court of the Duke of Savoy, also to Major-General Belcastel stationed in Piedraont, to the effect that their High Mightinesses have seen by their despatches the little probability there exists of corapleting the levy of the 3000 raen who were to be assera- bled by General Belcastel for the known purposes, and the difficulties which are made therein ; that the Queen of Great Britain being disposed to send frora thence Mons. Mireraont, who will proceed with sorae Refugees, whora he will be able to assemble in England, and on his route, M. Vander Meer and General Belcastel will proceed no further in the levy of the aforesaid 3000 men, and will provisionally discontinue it. But if the consent of England be not given, this order is to be otherwise understood, in order that the parties may not act in opposition to each other. Signed, S. W. Vaeyen, President. And lower down, Examined with the Register. T. Fagel. translations. 889 (Mr. Hill to M. Flotard : see page 432.^1 Turin, Septeraber 25th, 1704. Sir, I was rauch shocked by the loss of Roland and his friends ; but I hope you will find raeans to re-establish some correspondence with the new Chiefs of the Cevennois. It seems to rae, that Ravanal is at present the raost accredited of thera. Messrs, Lullin and Nicolas will still give you the 100 louis d'or on the bill which I sent you as soon as you shall have found the means of getting thera to our brethren, I expect Cavallier here in a few days, and I beg you will tell rae in strict confidence, if you think we raay fully trust him. Mons, de Riquerole has done and said so rauch, in order to be eraployed to carry raoney to the Cevennois, that the Dutch Envoy and I have not ventured to trust hira in that ; know ing that he was with Mons, de La Lande after being with Roland, You perhaps have heard that the Marquis de Mireraont is going to Holland with 800 good Caraisards, and calculates on having so raany as 6000 for the aid ofour friends, whora you will be good enough to inforra of it, I return thanks for yours of the 23rd ultimo ; and if you learn anything of the state of those poor people in the Cevennes, I beg you will inforra us of it, while the roads are open, I hope that the great successes, with which Alraighty God has blessed us this carapaign, will give courage to all our friends who are in France. I ara, &c. To M, Flotard. Hill. {State of the Churches of the Valleys : see page 440.) Meraoir on the Constitution of the Evangelical Churches, (comraonly called Vaudois Churches,) in the Valleys of Pied mont. Those Valleys which still raake profession of the Holy Gospel are three : that of Luserne, of La Perouse, and St. Martin, with two coraraunes annexed, naraely, Rocheplate, and Pa- rustin, situate between the Valleys of Luserne and La Perouse, and constituting a Church of the sarae narae. The Valley of Luserne has also the Churches of Angrogne, St. Jean, La Tour, Roras, Villar and Boby. This Valley, in the year 1655, sustained a great dirainution by the depriva tion of the possession and occupancy of Luserne, Lusernette, Bubiane, Feril, Carapillion and other places ; frora which the people of this religious persuasion were excluded and driven in the year 1663 ; and in 1664 the coraraune of St. Jean was deprived of every kind of public exercise of the Religion, and 5 R 890 TRANSLATIONS. of the dwelling of the Pastor and Schoolmaster : and that church was obliged to build its teraple and the house of the Pastor and of the Schoolmaster on the lands of the Coraraune of Angrogne ; and in the sarae year St. Jean was deprived of the district called Des Vignes, which forraed part of the sarae church of St. Jean. In the sarae year, 1664, several worthy inhabitants of the said St. Jean were exiled on divers pretexts, and their lands confiscated, in order by that raeans to force us within narrower liraits. Further, in the sarae year, desolation having been spread in several districts, the Valleys were conderaned to a contribution of 60,000 livres, besides the ordinary and extra ordinary imposts, and, raoreover, forbidden to hold any Synod without his Royal Highness's perraission, and the intervention of a coraraissioner delegated by hira, generally the Intendant of the Province ; who by the heavy journeys causes great ex penses which the churches are corapelled to defray for himself and his retinue ; and they have to pay for his time whatever he pleases. The Valley of La Perouse is divided in the raidst by the river Cluson, which flows through its whole length. One part has always been retained by the Dukes of Savoy, naraely the eastern part ; and the other, which is of considerable raagni- tude, was ceded to France with the City of Pignerol, in the year 1630. The latter part had three fine churches, naraely Pinache, Villar de St. Gerraain, and La Chapelle, or Perouse, which, up to 1685, were always spiritually united to those of the other Valleys. The other, which is the sraaller part of that Valley, has Praraol, a church situated on the top of the raountain ; St. Gerraain, a church annexed to that of Villar, and Le Poraare, a church annexed to that of La Perouse or La Chapelle. The latter church has not yet been able to build a Teraple, neither has that of St. Gerraain, which as well as the township of Praraol were entirely reduced to ashes by the French in the present war of 1702. The districts which have always been under the rule ofthe Dukes of Savoy ; naraely, Praraol, St. Gerraain about Pinache and about Les Portes, and Poraare, and many individuals of other districts had the best of their lands in the other dis tricts which belonged to France, and it is of these lands and possessions that they now are, and since 1686, have been, de prived, although that country at present belongs to his Royal Highness. In that year, 1686, his Royal Highness caused an Edict to be published forbidding every kind of exercise of our Holy Religion in the three Valleys, and enjoining our Pastors to TRANSLATIONS. 891 quit thera within 15 days, on pain of death ; and after sorae plottings, the Valleys having been attacked by the troops of France and those of the Duke of Savoy, a good number of our people perished by the sword, and the rest having been led into captivity also perished, the greater part by their suf ferings in the prisons ; and many young children were taken frora their fathers and raothers ; so that of 18,000 souls, which we nurabered at the tirae our raisfortunes began, there were found only about 4000 at the tirae of the last re-establish ment ; and, during the captivity, France confiscated the lands which belonged to us in the Valley of La Perouse, and they still reraain confiscated. In the year 1685, France wishing to coraplete the destruc tion of the churches which reraained in her dorainions, cora pelled the three churches ofthe Valley of La Perouse to bend the knee, and very few having found raeans to depart, these poor people were constrained in their conscience until the year 1693 ; when the army of the allies having corae to bombard the city of Pignerol, and having ascended as far as La Perouse, the poor people, who had groaned and sighed until then, pro fiting by the opportunity, and under the sanction of his Roy al Highness, took refuge in the churches of the other Valleys, after having been plundered, and [their houses] burnt. France, having repulsed the allies, resumed possession of the Valley of La Perouse, and invited the people to return thither under promise of great advantages ; but as they could accept these offers only at the expense of their conscience, and therefore rejected thera, France then confiscated their property, of which they have been deprived. Although these people have almost always borne, and now bear, arms ior his Royal Highness, and as that Valley is on the frontiers, it is the interest of the Duke of Savoy that it should be re-inhabited, and re-peopled, by his ancient good and faithful subjects ; instead of being as it now is occupied by the dregs and scura of several people who have long borne, and of whora raany still bear, arras against his Royal Highness. In 1694, his Highness by an Edict re-established the Val leys in all their property, charges, privileges, and honours, but in several things only in narae and words, on account of the rainisters of his said Royal Highness and of the clergy. And by the sarae Edict it was perraitted to the Refugees frora the Valley of La Perouse to reraain in the Valleys for 10 years after the peace. Perraission was also given to the other Re fugees then in those parts, who had borne arras for his Roy al Highness, to establish themselves on taking the oath of fi delity. However a few years afterwards, that is in the year 1698, and iraraediately after the oath of fidelity had been 5r2 892 TRANSLATIONS. taken, in order to weaken the Valleys, his Royal Highness issued an order to the poor people to quit his States. This order was executed, and these new exiles were, by the char itable and pious care of the Powers of our Religion, esta blished in Wirteraberg, and elsewhere ; and the patrimonies and inheritances of those of the Valley of La Perouse were given to the Count de Piecon in payment of a sura due to him by his Royal Highness; and the Count raade several fine farras of thera. The Valley of St. Martin is coraposed of several sraall dis tricts, and has three churches, namely, Ville-Seche, to which are annexed Rivelaret, Tact, and others ; Prals, to whieh Ro doret is annexed ; and Macel, to which is annexed La Mar- ceille. In this Valley there were seven teraples, four of which were sraall raean dwellings, now alraost corapletely deraolished. The people are obliged to asserable in raiserable huts, and being in the lowest state of poverty are unable to rebuild those teraples, or to provide for the support of their Pastors. At present we have five churches without Ministers, frora inability to raaintain thera, and the others officiate in their stead and visit everywhere. We have also the Valley of Pragelas or Cluson, which his Royal Highness gained by conquest. The whole of it for raerly belonged to our Religion, and was united to the Synod of Dauphine. There were six handsorae, large, and well- attended churches, naraely, Le Mean, the sraallest, annexed to La Chapelle, Le Roure or Villaret, Mantoulle, Fenestrelles, Le Seaux, and that called the church of Pragelas. This Valley was the strongest both by the nuraber of inhabitants and by its situation. It is to the north of the Valley of St. Martin ; of the inhabitants, sorae are established in foreign countries, others bear arms in the Valleys for his Royal Highness, and a considerable number groan and sigh for the re-establishment of liberty of conscience ; in the absence of which they wish to depart while the opportunity of doing so reraains. However, that re-establishraent would extreraely strengthen the Valleys. There would be a strong barrier between France and Pied raont, and the interest of his Royal Highness is rauch con cerned in it. In the great and frightful desolation of the Valleys by the troops of France and Savoy in 1686, a great nuraber of young children were carried off, and have been brought up in the Roraish religion ; and as these children re cover the inheritance of their fathers, and establish theraselves araong us, a great raixture is produced in the Valleys, which will not fail to bring new raisfortunes on thera, as those peo ple openly acknowledge and threaten. It may therefore be remarked, as the histories ofthe churches TRANSLATIONS. 893 of the Valleys prove, that we forraerly enjoyed the exercise of our Religion even at Turin, at Quiers, at Raconis, at Drou- ers, at Paysane, at Pravilelra, and in various other places, as well in the Marquisate of Salluces, as in other provinces of Piedraont, where there were persons and families of the first quality belonging to our Religion ; — that the eneray insensibly gained all that territory, besides several parts of the Valleys, (very lately that of La Perouse, and previously Pragelas,) so that the body having becorae useless, and as it were only a hand reraaining, and of that hand only three fingers, viz., the Valley of Luserne, a little of the Valley of La Perouse, and the Valley of St, Martin, it is not possible, humanly speaking, that these churches can long subsist, unless the Protestant Powers, and particularly her Majesty, the Queen of Great Britain, lend us a hand, besides the Noblemen who are in these parts, and other good souls, whora the zeal of God's house inspires. It is, I say, to be feared, that, at length, the successors of his Royal Highness will no longer "know Joseph," and that the little light of those ancient churches will be at length obscured by the thick darkness which sur rounds it, and extinguished by all the storras which we foresee. We have in the present state of the Valleys but 13 churches, which for the support of their Pastors have only 5 pensions frora England, of 100 crowns each ; and as the people can contribute nothing, or very little, the Pastors are in misery, and, like so many slaves, depend on the raercy of the people ; because for the raost part the Pastors are not provided for ; and since the Pastors are dependant on the people for their scanty subsistence various ill results arise, particularly a certain relaxation of ecclesiastical discipline. Whereas, if they had their stipends frora other sources, the people would be subject- and submissive to their Pastors, who would put the churches on a good footing in every respect ; so that, instead of the ministers depending on the people, the people would depend on their Pastors. The late Queen of England, of pious, glorious, and trium phant meraory, shortly after the re-establishment of the Val leys, charitably appropriated 1200 crowns to the annual sup port of the Pastors, and 650 crowns for the Schoolmasters. Yet, from the year 1698 to the present tirae, we have receiv ed frora England only 750 crowns for both Ministers and Schoolraasters, which was divided amongst all ; and besides that, pay or stipend is bestowed on the Regent of the Latin school, and a thirteenth pension for the thirteenth Pastor. Itis therefore of primary importance for the preservation of the Truth in the Valleys, 1 , That the Valley of La Perouse be re-established. 894 TRANSLATIONS. 2. That the re -establishment of the Valley of Pragelas be al so effected ; and that in case this Valley reraains to his Roy al Highness on the peace, as is probable, there should be full liberty of conscience ; and that tbe state of things which ex isted before the revocation of the Edict of Nantes should be restored. 3. That we perform the exercises of religion in the most convenient place and church in each coraraune; and hence that it be perraitted to the church of St. Jean to build a tem ple and Pastor's house where they please, and the same with respect to the churches of La Tour and Prarustin, and that they may build and raise their buildings as they please, which is now forbidden to them. 4. That in the Protestant Academies, and particularly in England, Holland, &c., there may be sorae place or pension for such natives of the Valleys as are devoted to the Holy Ministry ; and that there be some fund to assist them while they are studying their humanities in the Valleys, without which it is irapossible for the Valleys to be provided with as raany and as good Ministers as are desired. 5. That the wives and farailies of the Pastors have sorae little support to prevent thera from falling into destitution after the death of the Minister, as is almost always the case, both because the araount of property is trifiing where the cul ture of the earth is very laborious, and because the stipends of the Pastors are so inconsiderable, that nothing can be re served. Hence scarcely any one devotes a son ' to the Minis try, as it is devoting hira to raisery ; and thus the Churches are alraost always without the requisite nuraber of Ministers. 6. That all arabiguity and restriction in the Interination " of the last Edict be reraoved, particularly as to the perraission of acquiring within the extent and liraits of the Valleys pro perty and stock, in whatever hands they raay be. 7. That according to our ancient privileges no difficulty be raade, either by cavilling objections, or otherwise, in adrait ting the notaries and attornies of our religion. 8. That the Coraraissioner whom his Royal Highness may please to send to be present at the Synods be not chargeable to the Valleys, which he now, without scruple, puts to great expenses ; but that his charges be defrayed as used to be done in France at the King's expense. 9. That bis Royal Highness's subjects of the Valleys be treated equally, instead of exempting the Roman Catholics frora all taxes. These exeraptions (according to the design of 1 Literally "any one." ' A legal term signifying the final ratification of the Edict under the Sign Manual. TRANSLATIONS. 895 the clergy) make individuals and families araong us, infiuen- ced by poverty and by promises, at length take the false step, which goes directly to the ruin of our religion in these parts. 10. That, if possible, the Pastors, to the nuraber of thirteen, the Schoolraasters, and the Regent of the Latin school, re ceive their full pensions frora the Powers, and charitable souls, 11. That the people in the Valleys may have as many de votional books as is desirable ; whereas they now get thera with difficulty, and raost are without thera, either frora poverty or the irapossibility of obtaining thera, which is a cause of igno rance. The reraains of the poor Churches of the Valleys, in the person of their Pastors, hurably supplicate her Majesty, the Queen of Great Britain, to deign to cast her eye on this Me- raorial, in order to make on it the refiections which her great enlightenment and wisdora raay suggest for the benefit, re pose, and consolation of those Ancient Churches. Sir, [Mr, Hill to M, Cavallier : see page 456.] Turin, October 12th, 1704, I received the letter which you did rae the honour of writing to rae on the 10th ; and I send ray reply by the bear er of yours. I applaud your zeal and your attachraent to the interests of our religion, and of our friends ; and I pray that God will bless your diligence and attention. I very rauch approve of your design of sending a trusty raan into Languedoc, being satisfied that you will give hira good instructions. He raight assure our friends in the Cevennes, that they will never be abandoned, that great exertions will be raade to reach thera in the spring, and that the Marquis de Mireraont is assera bling troops in England and Holland for that purpose. Their Chiefs may be told that several persons have received orders to convey raoney to thera ; and if they will let me know the naraes of persons at Nisraes, Anduze, or any other city, to whora money might safely be given for them, 1 will pay it to them. Your raan on his return will bring rae news of thera. I have given 10 louis d'or to Mons. de la Feuterie, to defray the expenses of his journey. I will speak to his Royal Highness to give an order, if he thinks proper, in order that the Refugees, who are in the Val leys, raay be able to enrol themselves in your regiraent. I will also make arrangements concerning the expense incurred at Turin. 896 TRANSLATIONS. Letters can no longer go frora this place to Switzerland, or Geneva, by the Valley of Aost ; but if you send rae your let ters for those places, I will forward thera by Genoa, and by Venice. I ara glad you have already thought of extending your views into Dauphiny. I hope you will thereby find a path to the establishraent of affairs in France, [I ara, &c,] [To M, Cavallier,] [Hill,] {M, Cavallier to Mr, Hill : see page 456 : note 1 ,) Sir, I do rayself the honour of writing to assure you of ray most hurable respects, and to beg you to continue your favour and protection. I have just found a raan who offers to go to the Country. He is one whora I know, and on whom I can rely. He asks no reward, and proraises to bring rae an answer in six weeks. If your Excellency thinks proper to give hira anything, I beg you will send it to rae by the bear er of this. I shall forget nothing in the raatters relating to our country, and to the Divine Service. I have already pe netrated into Dauphiny. I hope to go and raake a little ex cursion there very soon, in order to observe the disposition of the people and the country. I hope God will bless all our enterprises, I venture to ask of your Excellency to send rae word whether letters can pass for Switzerland or Geneva. I assure you that no one can have more pleasure than I have in the honour of subscribing rayself, raost respectfully. Your Excellency's Most obedient hurable servant, Luzerne, Cavallier. lOth October, 1704. Sir, There are here several Refugees who would wish to take part with rae, but their officer requires an order to that effect. I beg of your Excellency to write to his Royal High ness for the purpose — I shall have the honour of obeying his orders — also as to the expense at Turin. {Mr, Hill to the Marquis St, Thomas : see page 487.) Turin, February 1st, 1705. Sir, For 12 raonths I have silently observed a Minister of his Iraperial Majesty residing at this Court, lodged, supported. TRANSLATIONS. 897 franked, and entertained at the expense of his Royal High ness, and served by the officers, carriages, equipages, and liveries of the Court, which have so imposing an effect on the guards at the gates, and at the pavilion, that they present arms whenever that Minister passes. These distinctions of parade and display may have consequences prejudicial to the honour of the Queen, ray raistress. For 12 raonths I have refrained frora coraplaint, in order not to disturb his Royal Highness by interrupting his more serious occupations, which are so important to his own glory, and to the interests of Europe. I was further induced to be patient from imagining that the departure of that Minister, or his raoderation, or the Emper or's orders or those of his Royal Highness, or the usage ob served in the Courts of all Princes for the entertainraent of Foreign Ministers, or sorae other circurastance, would reraove frora us that subject of scandal, or would put all the Foreign Ministers on the same footing. The result has been quite dif ferent. Some improper expressions of that Minister, or false reports, or mischievous reasonings, are originating an opinion at this Court as if the Queen's Ministers should not expect the same treatraent as his Royal Highness bestows on every other Minister of the sarae rank. I am therefore under the necessity, in order not to be wanting in my duty and instruct ions, of begging you. Sir, to take a favourable opportunity of informing his Royal Highness that I stand in need of the reasons ; with which you will furnish me, to excuse myself in London for the indolent acquiescence with which I have so long witnessed such marked distinction paid to a Minister of the Eraperor of a diplomatic rank not superior to mine. It is not. Sir, that I want to be chargeable to his Royal High ness, as he has been ; the mere thought I should consider sharaeful and crirainal. It is not that I envy another the fa vour and benefits of his Royal Highness, and the allowances which he bestows upon hira. It is not that I have ever had in ray own person, the least subject of coraplaint against his Royal Highness, who has always favoured rae raore than I could deserve. My only object is to obtain your answer in order to justify rayself with her Majesty the Queen, ray rais tress, who is so exact and scrupulous in treating the Minis ters of his Royal Highness in the sarae raanner as those of all crowned heads. Hurably kissing your hands, I am, &c. To the Marquis St, Thomas, Hill. The Marquis St. Thomas to Mr, Hill : see page 488.) Turin, February 7th, 1705, Sir, I have not failed to lay before his Royal Highness the 898 TRANSLATIONS. subject of the letter, which you have been pleased to write to rae, respecting the treatraent afforded to the Count d' Avers berg. His Royal Highness commands rae to say, that he would be sorry you should have any cause of coraplaint, but that he does not think that you can have any, arising frora what is done in reference to tbe Count d'Aversberg; since he holds no diplomatic appointraent, and consequently no rela tion subsists between you and hira ; and since it is no raore than a mere gratuitous attention, which cannot originate any consequence with respect to the Ministers who are invested with a diplomatic character such as yours, and still less can the continuance of such treatraent. Further, that when what is due to your diploraatic character is in question, the established cereraonial will always be rigidly coraplied with, raore espe cially when it relates to the Minister of a Power for which his Royal Highness has so high a consideration ; and as to your self it will be a pleasure to hira to give you proofs on all oc casions of the sincere esteera which he has for you. I ara, &c. To Mr. Hill. De St, Thomas, {M. Vander Meer to the Marquis St. Thomas : see p. 488.) Turin, February 2nd, 1705, Sir, I would have written to you some tirae since on the subject of my present letter, if I had not been withheld by the circurastance of your illness. Fearing, however, that a long er silence might be prejudicial, I ara obliged to represent to you that, having, on my arrival here, found the Minister of his Imperial Majesty lodged and provided at his Royal Highness's expense, and served by his officers, footmen, and carriages, I considered that his Royal Highness so acted, because that Minister was only waiting for the return of a courier frora Vienna, with the ratification of the treaty which he had con cluded with the Ministers of his Royal Highness, to depart immediately ; and that, afterwards, the sending of the treaty back and forward caused matters to reraain in the sarae state. But as the treaty was adjusted, seven raonths ago, to the rau tual satisfaction of the parties, and that Minister still reraains here to take care of the interests of his Iraperial Majesty, and is treated in the sarae raanner since his return frora the army, I cannot avoid stating to you my irapression that the said Minister, not being in a character superior to that with which it has pleased their High Mightinesses to honour rae at the Court of his Royal Highness, ought not now to be treated translations. 899 with any distinction, or considered otherwise than a Minister perforraing the Eraperor's business at his Royal Highness's Court. And, if it is a received raaxira in the Courts of all Sovereigns to treat with equality the Ministers of other So vereigns of equal diploraatic rank, I leave you to judge ofthe consequences ofthe treatment received by the Count D'Avers berg, and what reflections their High Mightinesses, my mas ters, raay raake, on learning that the said resident Minister of his Iraperial Majesty at the Court of his Royal Highness is treated with more distinction than their Envoy Extraordinary, and whether it is possible for rae to fail to give thera an ac count of it, and of the reasons which his Royal Highness raay have for so acting, if he should deem the continuation of thera advantageous. 1 shall be much obliged to you. Sir, to com municate ray views to his Royal Highness, and to have the goodness to inforra rae, what I raay convey on the subject to their High Mightinesses, ray masters, and to believe, that I am, &c. To the Marquis St. Thomas. Vander Meer. (See page 491.) Account ofthe expenditure of 100 louis d'or paid to me by Messrs. .LuUin and Nicolas by your Excellency's order. 11251., in money current at Geneva, make, according to the exchange of French money, liv. 1428 15 Paid to the Cevennois 1217 13 Expense and Provisions for the transraission at 14| per cent 211 2 Total. . . .1428 15 {Copy ofthe letter of his Highness the Prince of Darm stadt [to Mr, Hill] : see page 499.) Sir, Although I coraraunicated to your Excellency the state of the siege of Gibraltar by a Leghorn vessel, which left this place on the 16th ultirao, I did not wish to raiss the pre sent opportunity, arising frora the arrival here of two English frigates on their way to Nize, of proving ray sincere friend ship, by telling you that the eneray, having received a re-in- forceraent of Spanish and French troops, have for the last 14 days pushed the siege with raore vigour than they did before • 5s2 900 translations. and, seeing that they would not profit by the attack formed in the plain against the counterscarp, they have turned it against the bastion, situated at the foot of the height and over against the breach raade in a line of communication, which it ap proaches to within musket-shot. On the 7th instant, the en eray raade a vigourous assault with 500 French, and at the coraraeneeraent raade hiraself raaster of the breach of the said bastion having repulsed the troops posted there ; but a raoment afterwards I put in command the two Colonels Moncal and Revel, by whora the eneray was courageously attacked, and, being unable to sustain the fire poured frora every side, dri ven from that post, and obliged to withdraw in confusion within their approaches. Whereupon the eneray demand ed a truce, to remove and inter their dead, which was grant ed to them. According to the report of the deserters, of whora I have 44, the eneray lost on that occasion raany dis tinguished officers, and it is to be presumed that they had at least 300 men killed or wounded by the continual fire poured from 3 sides by 9 pieces of cannon. We have 20 killed, and 40 wounded. I ara in raoraentary expectation of a general assault; but I hope with God's help to maintain rayself in the fortress, the garrison still consisting of 3000 efficient raen resolved on a vigourous resistance, provided I ara assisted in time with the necessary supplies which the length of the siege is consuming. For the rest, I am not yet well informed as to the projects forraed for the next operations in Portugal and on these coasts ; it seeras, however, that the first view will be on Cadiz, and to occupy tbe Strait, and consequently to fa cilitate all the other enterprises, particularly as the fleet of the allies will bring 8000 raen for diserabarkation. Thus I hope with God's assistance to take a firra footing in Catalonia ; frora whence I am assured of raany well-intentioned persons. Fur ther, I beg your Excellency to honour rae frora time to time with what passes in Piedraont. In return I will not fail to inforra you of whatever is raost reraarkable here, and to re raind you that I ara, [&c.] Gibraltar, February 12th 1705. P.S. A Captain, taken by the eneray in the above-raention- ed action and exchanged for a French Captain, tells rae, that the Duke of Tesse has arrived in the eneray's carap with out knowing whether he will command in chief, and if Le Villadarias has been claimed by the Court, as it is said. In the meantime it appears thereby that the enemy raeans to continue the siege. Hence I await with the raore irapatience all that is needful for a vigourous resistance. TRANSLATIONS. 901 {Mr. Hill to Consul Boiier : see page 514.) Turin, March 24th, 1705. Sir, I am much obliged for your letters ofthe 1st, and 21st ; and I beg you will continue to let me hear of you. I have written so often to Captains Dolraan and Fisher, that I ara tired of doing so. I ara always in trouble about those gentle raen. I should not have wished thera to be surprized and burnt in the port ; but I shall be still raore grieved if they do nothing for the service of his Royal Highness. I hope they will have received sorae of my letters ; and I request you will tell thera frora rae, that as the Queen has sent thera into these seas for the service of his Royal Highness, I hope they will do all that is to be expected frora thera. Give the enclosed to either of the Captains. I will, this raorning, say what is necessary to his Royal Highness about what you have told rae at the end of yours of the 21st. I think it will be better to raake the Swiss soldiers erabark in tartanes or barks, which the frigates will escort, than to put thera on board the frigates themselves. I have written, or got Mr. Chetwynd to write to you, on the 5th, 6th, 7th, 11th, and 13th of March. I have not yet received the letter you tell rae you sent rae under cover to Mr. Scudaraore. I ara, &c. To the Consul Boiier, Hill. {Mr, Hill to the Prince Eugene: see page 518.) Turin, March 26th, 1705- Monseigneur, It is now sorae tirae since I received the coraraands of the Queen, my mistress, to repair to Venice, for the purpose of offering to the Republic her amity, and that of her allies, in case the Senate should appear disposed to listen to us. I could not calculate on their good disposition until I saw your Royal Highness ready to return to Lorabardy. As that time has arrived, I take the liberty of addressing your Royal High ness humbly requesting you to inform rae of your sentiraents respecting ray raission to that Republic. If your Royal Highness is of opinion that the name and influence of the Queen can do anything for the interests of the coraraon cause with those gentleraen, I am ready to get on horseback, at your Royal Highness's flrst order, and to wait on you in order to unite your instructions with those which the Queen has been pleased to give rae. I should also at the sarae tirae have great pleasure in testifying the warra zeal and attachraent with which I am, &c. To Prince Eugene 8fc. Hill. 902 TRANSLATIONS. {Petition to the Duke of Savoy : see page 527.) The undersigned, Jean Salliens, native of Montpellier, refu gee at Lausanne for 15 years, and citizen of Geneva for 5 years, with Fran9oise Rayne his wife, throw themselves at your Royal Highness's feet, humbly representing that, the said Salliens having come here for your service, and believing hiraself under your Royal protection, their child Jaques Sal liens, aged 8 years 8 months and 16 days, has just been taken away from them, contrary to the law of nations, and the law of nature. Many ridiculous falsehoods. Sir, must have been imposed upon your Royal Highness to give colour to so black an act of violence ; but your Royal Highness's goodness and justice will know how to arrive at the truth, in order to cause the child to be restored to a father and raother, who on their knees demand hira. We were 8 days before we were able to flnd our child, and he has been alraost 15 days in the hands ofthose who have taken hira away. But we hope that the lessons and wheedling, to which an infant of 9 years old raay have been subjected, will not have power to wrest hira frora the author ity of his father and raother, who have not the honour of being born subjects of your Royal Highness, and who are ready to withdraw into Switzerland, if it is your Royal Highness's pleasure, with their child, who was born a subject of the Can ton of Berne, in Lausanne, where he was baptized. Signed, Jean Salliens. Done at Turin, this 10th of April, 1705. {Receipt of Vaudois Pastors for £400 sterling : see p. 528.) We the undersigned. Pastors and Officers of the Synod of the Valleys of Piedraont, with the Financial Deputies, declare and acknowledge to have received, frora the hands of his Ex cellency the Chevalier Hill, Envoy Extraordinary of her Bri tannic Majesty, the sura of 6600 livres, raoney of Piedraont, bestowed by the pious and Royal Charity of the Queen of Great Britain gloriously reigning, which shall be distributed according to the orders of his aforesaid Excellency the Envoy, for the relief of the farailies reduced to the greatest necessity in consequence of the present war, as well the natives of the aforesaid Valleys, as the farailies which have taken refuge araongst us ; and we thank, with all huraility and gratitude, her Britannic Majesty for having deigned frora her glorious throne to cast the eye ofher corapassions, according to the ex araple ofthe King of Kings, of whora she is a living iraage, on translations. 903 persons whora it pleases God to visit in divers ways. An grogne, March 17th, 1705. Bern : Jahier, Pastor, Moderator, and Coraraissioner. Guill' Malanot, Pastor, Moderator-Assistant, & Corarais. P. Reinaudin, Pastor, Secretary, and Coraraissioner. Francois Brez, Financial Deputy. Joseph Donneand, Financial Deputy. {Mr, HiU to the Prince Eugene : see page 541.) Turin, May 9, 1705. Monseigneur, I received the letter which your Highness did rae the honour of writing to rae on the 11th ultirao ; and, as it has pleased you so to order rae, I will stay here tranquil until you flnd occasion to make use of rae. When your Highness thinks proper I will repair to your feet to obey your orders. I leave to others the care of inforraing your Highness of our lively joy here at your arrival in Lombardy, and of the gratitude which we all owe to you for the aid you bring us. I ara, &c. To Prince Eugene, 8fc, Hill. {Fran^oise Rayne to the Duke of Savoy : see page 541 .) The undersigned, Fran9oise Rayne, wife of Jean Salliens, hurably throws herself at your Royal Highness's feet, de manding, for the love of Jesus Christ, her poor child, whora Madame de St. Agnes has taken frora her. She trusts in the justice, goodness, and raercy of your Royal Highness, who ought to feel, and who does feel, better than any one, what is the tenderness of parents, which exists no less in the hearts of those to whora God has given no other goods but their chil dren, than in the hearts of Sovereigns. A poor afflicted rao ther again casts herself at your Royal Highness's feet to de raand of you her child, whora the law of God, the laws of all nations, and the laws of your Royal Highness, ought to cause to be restored before she goes out of your States. Be not insensible, Monseigneur, to the prayers, the tears, and the groans of a poor woraan, from whom they have sought to take her honour, in order to deprive her of her child, they being the only goods which she has received frora the hand of Pro vidence, and which she hopes to preserve by the justice and protection of your Royal Highness. (Signed,) Fran9oise Rayne, wife of J. Sallien. Done at Turin, this 8th of May, 1705. 904 translations. {See page 577.) Nice, July 10th, 1705. The French here are much alarmed for fear lest the En glish fleet should come and attack thera. They have here 8 battalions, making 3000 raen, in the cities of Nice and Villa- Franca and in all the fortresses which they hold. They have repaired the breaches and parapets in the castle of Villa-Franca with masonry ; but it is fresh and will not hold. They are raaking two batteries on the left side of the entrance into the port of Villa-Franca, the one of 7 and the other of 18 guns ; and another battery opposite these on the right side as you enter the port of Villa-Franca. They are corapleting their intrenchraents at the Tower of Bozo, and have surrounded them with palisades. They have conveyed their mortars and their borabs of St. Laurent from Nice to Villa-Franca. Some think they intend to use thera against the fleet ; others for the borabardraent of the castle of Nice. Some iraagine that the object is to send thera to Toulon, if they see the English fleet coraing. Toulon, July 8th, 1705. The French are still engaged at this Port in preparing for sea 43 ships-of-war, all of the line. A considerable nuraber of raariners have arrived here by land frora the ports of the West. {Mr, Hill to the Marquis St, Thomas : see page 583.) Turin, July 27th, 1705. Sir, You are not ignorant of the applications which I took the liberty of raaking to his Royal Highness three raonths ago in behalf of the person naraed Sallien, &c. I have now received the Queen's orders to renew ray solicitations in that business. I therefore earnestly request you. Sir, to take a favourable opportunity of presenting the enclosed note to his Royal Highness. I do this the raore willingly as I have learned by ray last letters from London, that the Count de Brian9on has assured her Majesty's Secretary of State, that his Royal Highness was deterrained to cause the child to be restored. I ara. Sec, Sec, To the Marquis de St, Thomas, Hill. Minister and Chief Secretary of H,R,H, {Memorial of Mr, Hill to the Duke of Savoy : see page 583.) The undersigned. Envoy Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary TRANSLATIONS. 905 of her Britannic Majesty, raost respectfully represents to your Royal Highness that, having given an account to the Queen of the manner in which the man naraed Sallien and his wife, both foreigners, who carae here under the protection of pass ports frora your Royal Highness, lost their child here, at Turin, in the month of March last ; of the manner in which they found the said child in the house of Madame de St. Agnes ; — of the good offices which I had the honour of rendering to those poor people ; and of the two Memorials which I pre sented to your Royal Highness in the name ofthe said Sallien, or his wife, and of the manner in which the child was carried off a second time by Madame de St. Agnes from the house of the first President, after your Royal Highness had informed me, through the President de Gubernatis, that it should remain there until its parents should have produced proofs of their marriage, which they have done, and of the baptism of their child, which they were going to do, &c. ; — the Queen had approved of my conduct and zeal, and orders me again to ad dress your Royal Highness, in her Majesty's name, to beg of you to cause the restoration of this child, a foreigner, and under 12 years of age, to its unhappy parents, to whom I have given passports, in order that they may withdraw to England with their whole family. I am moreover ordered to assure your Royal Highness, that this act of grace or of justice, which you will do in consideration of her Majesty, will be regarded in London as a mark of attention from your Royal Highness to so great a Queen, your good ally and confederate. Hill. Done at Turin, this 27th of July, 1705. {The Marquis St. Thomas to Mr. Hill: .see page 596.) Turin, August 8th, 1705. Sir, I have reported to his Royal Highness the contents of the note which you thought proper to address to me respect ing the persons named Salliens. As the question relates to a raatter of justice, which you yourself have demanded, his Royal Highness raade, on their two petitions, the decrees which were transmitted to you. There was every reason to think that they would have made use of them to obtain the justice which may be due to thera. It rested, and still rests, only with them to do it. You are fully aware that every State has its customary and esta blished ways of administering justice, which ought to be fol lowed. Accordingly his Royal Highness cannot interrupt them. He has ordered me to give you this answer to the said 906 TRANSLATIONS. note, and to express his persuasion that her Britannic Majesty has too equitable a mind not to enter into the just proceed ing of his said Royal Highness. I have the honour to be, &c., &c. To Mr. HiU, §¦£-. De St. Thomas. {Mr. Hill to the Marquis de St, Thomas : see page 597.) Turin, August 15th, 1705. Sir, I received the letter which you took the trouble to write to rae, on the 8tli, in answer, as you say, to the note which I had the honour of presenting to his Royal Highness on the 27th of last raonth. But I ask your pardon. Sir, if I think that your letter is not an answer to that note, such as I can take upon rae to send to the Queen. By the express coraraand of her Majesty I addressed that note to his Royal Highness, to beg of hira to cause to be restored to us a child which had been torn frora the bosom of its parents, in the raanner which you are aware of. I besought his Royal Pligh- ness to do us that act of grace or of justice in consideration of the Queen, who had ordered rae to ask it in her narae. I had the honour of inforraing his Royal Highness, by the sarae note, that the poor parents, after having for two raonths solicited the restitution of their child, had withdrawn frora the States of his Royal Highness, by raeans of passports which he had the goodness to grant to thera, after having presented two petitions to bis Royal Highness, after having been exarained by the First President, and after having been before the In quisitor-General, without any appearance on the part of the Senate, or Inquisition, of a willingness to restore their child to thera. I took the liberty of reminding his Royal Highness that he bad the goodness to decree, on the first petition of these poor people, that their child should remain in the cus tody of the First President. You raay perhaps be aware why that order was not obeyed. It was decreed on their second petition that the Senate should decide suraraarily thereupon ; and these people awaited the decision for a raonth. They af terwards withdrew in order to put their two other children in a place of safety. After all this I had the honour of present ing ray note to his Royal Highness, in the narae of the Queen, to which you answer, ifl understand you aright, that recourse raust be had to justice. Permit me to inform you. Sir, that I do not think his Royal Highness's intention is to send the Queen to the Palace [of Justice] to plead against Madame de St. Agnes. A more accessible, and raore gracious, justice is to be found in his Royal Highness's heart than behind the intrenchraents of the Senate. It was to the forraer that I translations. 907 addressed rayself on the part of the Queen. It is very true, as you say, that there are custoraary and established ways of ad- rainistering justice in every State, which it is necessary to fol low. I will follow thera willingly here, where, as rauch as in any country on earth, justice is established in the hands of a great Prince, upright, enlightened, and equitable, if ever a Prince was so. We saw here, a few days since, in what man ner his Royal Highness caused justice to be done, amidst uni versal applause, to a citizen of Turin, by restoring him his child, which had coraraitted itself to an Hungarian officer, although the child was willing to renounce its father. The case is very similar to ours. Madame de St. Agnes can have no more right to our child than that Hungarian officer had to that which his Royal Highness caused to be taken frora him, with so rauch justice, without forraal process, in order to be restored to its parents. If his Royal Highness will act with more ceremony in our case, I hope he will direct a prosecu tion against Madarae de St. Agnes, whora we have charged with kidnapping, which, by the customary and established ways of administering justice, is a capital crime in every Christian country. If his Royal Highness wishes for raore information, I beg you will remind him that, according to his Edicts, children of the Reformed Religion cannot be taken from their Parents before the age of puberty. These are the very Edicts which his Royal Highness proraised should be observed by the Treaty which I had the honour to prepare with you last year, which was ratified by the Queen and by his Royal Highness ; and it is by virtue of that Treaty that I beseech his Royal Highness to cause the child to be re stored to us. These poor people were not, indeed, Vaudois, nor subjects of his Royal Highness ; but, by the custoraary ways of universal justice, foreigners always enjoy possession of their children and property under the protection of the Princes in whose territories they raay be. I also venture to beg of you, Sir, to represent to his Royal Highness, that, by the custoraary ways of justice, the poor parents, of whora the Queen has raade rae the advocate, are not bound to prove their right to their child, nor to prove its age, nor their filia tion. It is for those who wish to take it frora us to find proofs. It is enough for us to have brought it up, and sup ported it all its life, to have brought it into the country, and to have been in possession. If his Royal Highness will have the goodness to restore possession to us, we are still araenable to the Court of Justice in respect to those who wish to dispute it with us. I have written at raore length than I wished, because you said to the Dutch Envoy, and to me, that this business was a piece of sil- 5t2 908 TRANSLATIONS. liness. We really bad thought that a transaction which me rited the attention ofthe Queen and the States-General, in behalf of which they had coraraanded their Ministers to soli cit his Royal Highness, was not unworthy a little of your con sideration. You perceive. Sir, that the question relates to a capital crirae on the part of Madarae de St. Agnes, — to the observance of the Edicts of his Royal Highness, and of the Treaties made with hira — and to conferring great pleasure on the Queen and the States-General, To you alone. Sir, is it perraitted to treat all this as a piece of silliness. I beg of you also, Sir, to re meraber, as I have already had the honour of telling you, that the Count de Brian9on conveyed an assurance to the Queen, evidently not without orders to that effect, that his Royal Highness, having taken the opinion of Casuists and Jurists, had determined to have the child restored. I beg, therefore. Sir, that you will take a leisure time, a favourable moment, to represent the contents of this letter to his Royal Highness ; and you will, as 1 hope, obtain for me a favourable answer, more conformable than your last to the Count de Brian9on's promise to the Queen. I am, &c,, &c. To the Marquis de St. Thomas. Hill. {Mr. Hill to the Marquis de St, Thomas : see page 635.) Turin, Septeraber 25th, 1705. Sir, It is nearly three raonths since I had the honour of presenting a note to his Royal Highness, by the Queen's ex press coraraand, relative to a poor child whom Madarae de St, Agnes had carried off frora its disconsolate parents. You did rae the favour. Sir, of replying to that letter, by saying that his Royal Highness had referred that business to justice, I therefore took the liberty, on the 15th ultirao, to represent to you our right, and the justice of our cause, rea- .^onably refusing to submit to any other justice than that of his Royal Highness. This affair has been protracted so long that I am under the necessity of requesting you to remind his Royal Highness on the subject, in order that I may justify myself with her Majestj', the Queen, by obeying her orders in earnestly soliciting the restoration of the child to its pa rents for all the reasons which I had the honour of laying be fore his Royal Highness. I take the liberty also of sending you herewith an extract frora two laws which are in force, if I raistake not, iu his Royal Highness's States as well as in all the civilissed coimtriea of Europe. I am, &Ci, &c. To the Marquis d( St. Tkomo,!^, Hii.ii. IRANSLATIONS. 909 The fifth book of the Code concerning raarriages. Tit. IV. If you have bad a wife living with you in your house for the procreation of children, to the knowledge of the neigh bours or others, and frora that raarriage a daughter has been begotten, although no contracts have been drawn up either for the raarriage or with regard to the birth of a daughter, this is to be no bar to the consequences which properly follow frora the reality of the raarriage, or of the bringing up of the daughter. On the Flavian Law of Kidnappers. Tit. XXI. Kidnappers, who bereave parents in a wretched manner of children yet alive, are to be kept to the punishraent of the raines, together with the other kinds of punishraent before noticed. But if anyone is found guilty of this sort of act after be bas become a notorious offender — if a slave or freed- man he is to be thrown to the BEASTS, and if freeborn to be killed with the SWORD. {Mr. Hill to the Marquis St. Thomas : see page 657.) Sir, I ara rauch raore annoyed than you can be frora ray feeling obliged to iraportune you so often on tbe subject of the persons naraed Salliens. If you had had the goodness, in the course of the 8 raonths during which that suit has lasted, to coraraunlcate to us a single reason why Madarae de St. Agnes ought to be allowed to take a child frora its parents, I would have acquiesced in that reason, contenting rayself with transmitting it to London. But as you refer the Ministers ofthe Queen and of the States to the Senate, (which is open, without requiring the intercession of the Queen and of the States, to the meanest person who loses only a cow), after all that they have said and done ; after all that they have seen, and all they know on the subject, it appears to them neces sary to recall your attention to what passed in that business. In the month of March, those poor people lost their child whom they had brought with thera to Piedmont. Ill the raonth of April, they discovered, by vU'ttte of 25 crowns judiciously bestowed on a priest, that their child was with Madame de St. Agnes. On the 10th of that month, the father and mother present ed a petition to his Royal Highness hurably supplicating hira to cause their child to be restored to thera ; and his Royal Highness had the goodness to cause the child to be conveyed to the house of the First President, proraising us to have it restored to its parents on their proving that it belonged to them. The Minister of Holland and I then went to the 910 TRANSLATIONS. said President, and shewed hira these good people's contract of raarriage raade out in due forra nearly 11 years before. We also shewed hira the certificates of several citizens of Lausanne, Geneva, and Thounon, who were ready to corae and declare forraally, that they had known these people living to gether christianly for a period of 10 or 11 years. We then begged the President to do the justice of putting these parents in possession of their child, and to punish thera afterwards if they had coraraitted any crirae or substitution. They were two months in this situation, praying, soliciting, and pursuing the First President, and the Inquisitor-General, in order to have their business settled judicially if possible. They knew not against whom to comraence proceedings. They knew not who their opponent was, or they found him too strong for thera. In the end these poor people becarae alarraed for two other children, and listening only to the dictates of their^fear they availed theraselves of the passports which his Royal Highness granted thera, and then withdrew frora his States. Subsequently the Ministers of England and Holland re ceived orders to use the naraes of the Queen and the States- General in behalf of these poor people. We unite in hura bly supplicating his Royal Highness to put the child into our hands, we undertaking to keep him 6 months longer, in order to give time for prosecuting the parents if they are guilty of any fraud or imposture. I ara, &c. Turin, October 30th, 1705. Hill. To the Marquis de St. Thomas. {Memorial of Mr. Hill to the Duke of Savoy : see page 665.) The undersigned, Minister of her Britannic Majesty at the Court of his Royal Highness, feels hiraself obliged to repre sent to hira, as by the present Meraorial he represents to hira, that the raalice and address of the common enemy having dis- serainated reports everywhere, as if the Allies would listen to proposals of peace or accommodation, without each other's knowledge, which cannot but tend to the uneasiness of them all, and favour the designs of the eneray : Her Majesty, the Queen, has ordered rae to assure your Royal Highness, that she has never thought, and never will think, of receiving any proposal on the part ofthe eneray to the prejudice of her ho nour, and ofthe engageraents into which she has entered with all her allies, and in particular with your Royal Highness, and that as she has no private interest in this war, of which she sustains so great a weight with so rauch glory, she seeks no raeans of relinquishing it otherwise than by the success of TRANSLATIONS. 911 her arras, and by the blessing of Heaven, and with the coun sel and concurrence of all her allies. I ara further ordered to assure your Royal Highness, that, as her Majesty has hitherto omitted nothing for the aid and assistance of your Royal Highness, according to the obliga tions of her Treaty, having even exceeded thera by tbe aid which she sent to the Eraperor's army in Lorabardy ; and as her Majesty is resolved to set no bounds to her generous care and attention to raise the hopes and interests of your Royal Highness, who have acquired so much glory, and merited so much by your perseverance and firmness during the last two years ; — Her Majesty hopes that your Royal Highness will do nothing, nor suffer anything to be done, which could, in any degree, diminish the full confidence which the Queen and her allies have sq justly reposed in a Prince whose heart and whose principles are so excellent. [Hill.] Done at Turin, October 3rd, N.S., 1705. {Mr. HiU to the Duke of Savoy : see page 674.) [Genoa,] January 2nd, 170|. Monseigneur, I have received here the Queen's orders to take leave of your Royal Highness, and to repair to her Majesty's Court. I am deeply grieved at not having received this order before setting out from Turin, as I might have more forraally asked the honour of your Royal Highness's coramands, to the fulfil ment of which I should have sworn eternal fidelity and at tention. It is neither ray indifferent health, nor the unfavourable season, nor the difficulties of the road, that prevent rae frora returning to Turin, to put myself at your Royal Highness's feet, but the necessity of our afiairs, which obliges me to go to Leghorn before being able to despatch Mr. Hamilton, that deprives rae of that honour. I therefore raost humbly request your Royal Highness to honour rae here with your coraraands, and with the letters which you raay wish to intrust to rae for the Queen. I shall convey with rae to London a heart filled with zeal and devotion for the service of your Royal Highness, and during ray whole life, I shall be, with the purest faithfulness and raost warra regard, Monseigneur, Your Royal Highness's, &c,, &c. To his Royal Highness. Hill. 912 Sir, TRANSLATIONS. {Mr, Hill to M. Vicetti : see page 677.) Genoa, .January 6th, 1706. I have no orders frora the Queen, nor any coraraission, to address your raost Serene Prince, for whora I feel only just respect and veneration ; but I cannot refrain frora addressing you, Sir, to solicit your attention to a circurastance which gives rauch pain to the whole English nation, and in which I ara bound to take a part in order to give an account of it to her Majesty. Six or seven raonths ago a slave escaped frora the Duke of Doria's galleys to a vessel of the Queen, where he was received and treated as a deserter, and he was set at liberty at the first port which the vessel entered, with a passport to go where he pleased. To indemnify the Duke of Doria for the loss of his slave, his people invited the bombardier of another vessel of the Queen to corae aboard their galley, and they put him in chains. We had hoped that, after the first feelings of displeasure, the Duke of Doria would have sent back the Queen's subject, who had in no way contributed to the escape of his slave, and who was guilty of no offence, and who had moreover been captured by a base and infamous trick, invited and requested to go aboard the galley, in order to be put in irons when he got there. We had hoped that his Serene Highness would not permit his subjects to corarait such an act of violence in his port under pretext of a foreign flag. We had thought that even if the Duke of Doria wished to keep the Queen s subject as a prisoner of Spain, although he was taken in an unworthy raanner, he would have been treated as a prisoner of war, and according to the rules of war, and not as a slave, a Turk, and a Crirainal. We know not to whora to coraplain of this barbarous and brutal act of the Duke of Doria, except to his Sovereigns ; particularly since he does not leave your ports, and coraraits this affront to the Queen, and offers this indignity to her subjects within sight of your Palace, and under the protection of your guns. I beg of you therefore to represent this transaction to his Serene Highness, who will, I hope, have that respect to the Queen and our nation, not to perrait the subjects of the Re public to corarait so cruel an outrage upon us within the lim its of bis port. To Monsieur Vicetti, Hill. Secretary of State. TRANSLATIONS. 913 {Mr, Hill to the Duke of Savoy : see page 678.) Genoa, January 17th, 1706. Monseigneur, I yesterday received the dispatch, with which your Royal Highness was pleased to honour me on the 10th, and I have given to Colonel Harailton those which were for hira. I was deeply grieved that Nice was destined to be unable to await the succour which was in preparation. But there was no remedy against the excessively bad weather that has been here. I hope the resolutions of the Court of Vienna will ar rive before the Queen's vessels sail. But when they are ready to sail, I fear that the service in Catalonia will not per mit me to detain thera here. These vessels are under the orders of ray Lord Peterborough, and he has ordered the Coraraandant to return to Barcelona as soon as Mr. Harailton should be provided with what was necessary for hira. I have written to the Earl of Peterborough, and I will write to day to London, to pray of the Queen to send some frigates into these seas for the service, and under the orders, of your Royal Highness. [To his Royal Highness.] [Hill.] {Mr. Hill to Charles III, King of Spain : see page 685.) [Genoa, February 5th, 1706.] Sire, On receipt of the orders, which your Majesty was pleased to send to me by Colonel Hamilton, I carae here in order to put them in execution. I have now dispatched the Colonel with a good sura of raoney for your Majesty's ser vice. We should have raade it larger if we had ventured to detain the Queen's ships here until we received orders frora London. But the Gentlemen in coraraand were eagerly im patient to repair to Spain for your Majesty's service. I ara rauch grieved at not being able to accorapany thera otherwise than with the ardent prayers which I offer up for the success of all your Majesty's glorious designs. I think Providence, whose intervention has been so visible, will soon finish his work. I put rayself at your Majesty's feet with the raost profound respect and subraission, &c. [Hill.] {Receipt for 50,000 crowns, as paid by Mr. Hill to the Treasurer-General of the Duke of Savoy : see page 722.) I, the undersigned, Councillor and Treasurer-General of his 5v 914 TRANSLATIONS. Royal Highness, the Duke of Savoy, acknowledge to have had and received frora Mr. Hill, Envoy Extraordinary of her Britannic Majesty, the sum of fifty thousand crowns at four livres, two sols each, currency of Piedmont, on account of the subsidies to be received by his said Royal Highness from her said Majesty. For which sura of fifty thousand crowns, as aforesaid, I hereby give ray acquittance. Done at Turin, 29th January, 1704. For 50,000 crowns. I, the undersigned, declare that I have executed and de livered to the Chevalier Hill, Envoy Extraordinary of her Britannic Majesty to his Royal Highness, ray receipt as above, under the sarae date, and for the sarae sura, and having been requested by the said Chevalier Hill to give hira a duplicate, I have executed this (which with the other will serve but for one payraent, and will indicate no second act of any kind what ever), notwithstanding that no declaration or understanding has been entered into for the purpose of doubling the said acquittance raade and delivered as above. Done at Turin, this 14th of March, 1705. Ayme Ferrero.' Treaty between England and the States-General, and the Duke of Savoy. Dated at the Hague, 20th October, 1690 : {see page 756.) Whereas his Royal Highness of Savoy, after having decla red hiraself for the common cause, desires nothing more ar dently than to enter into the Alliance with the King of Great Britain, and the Lords the States-General of the United Provinces of the Low Countries, and that his Britannic Ma jesty and their High Mightinesses are willingly dispossd to concur with the generous wish of a Prince whom they esteem so particularly, their under-named Plenipotentiaries, after having conferred together, thought it best to make this Alli ance conducive to the greatest union of the confederate Pow ers to aggregate and associate his Royal Highness to the Treaty concluded between his Iraperial Majesty and the Lords the States-General, the 12th of May, 1689, into which his said Majesty of Great Britain is also entered ; to the end that as there ought to be but one and the sarae raind, and one and 1 The other receipts (from page 722 to 731) are so similarly worded,- excepting the sums, that the Editor has scarcely thought it needful to give translations of them aU. TRANSLATIONS. 915 the sarae interest araong the allies, so there raay be but one and the ^awe Treaty, and one and the sarae alliance to unite thera ; and for the attaining to a design so advantageous to the coraraon cause they have agreed to raake the following decla rations in virtue of their respective powers inserted at the end of these presents. I, My Lord Pursley, Envoy Extraordinary frora his Majesty of Great Britain, and the Sieurs Walrave, Baron of Hekeren, Lord of Netelhorst, Great Bailiff of the County of Zutphen ; Jaraes Baron of Wassenaar and Duvenvoirdj Lord of Duven- voird Voorschoten Veur, &c.. Great Bailiff and Great Master of the Dykes of Rhynland, one of the body of Nobles of the Province of Holland and of West Frize ; Anthony Heinsius, Councillor, Pensionary, Keeper ofthe Seal, and Intendant of the Fiefs of the sarae Province ; William of Nassau, Lord of Odyk, Cortgene, &c,, First Noble and Representative of the Order of Nobility in the States, and in the Council of the County of Zealand ; John Vander Does, Lord of Bergestein, Deputy frora the Order of Noblesse to the States of Utrecht ; John Abrahara de Schurraan, Burgoraaster or Ylst, and De puty to the States of Frise ; Gaspar Henry de Leraker Burgo master of Carapen ; and John Viglius Van Heek, Senator of Groninghen and Oraland : Deputies from the Lords the States-General ofthe United Provinces ofthe Low Countries, do aggregate, associate, and admit his Royal Highness of Sa voy to the Treaty which was concluded and signed the 12th of May, 1689, between his Imperial Majesty, and the Lords the States-General of the tenor following : Be it known and declared that though the Treaty conclu ded at Hague a few years ago, between his Sacred Majesty and the High and Mighty Lords the States-General of the United Provinces for their mutual defence, remains yet in its full vigour ; nevertheless, as well his Sacred Majesty as the said Lords the States-General, considering the greatness of the comraon danger that threatens all Christendora since the last French invasion, and the bad faith of the French in ob servance of the aforesaid Treaty, have thought it necessary to strengthen the same and the former union, by stricter and firmer bands, and also at the same time to consider of more effectual ways as well for restoring as j)reserving the public peace and safety, and therefore the Plenipotentiaries for that furpose constituted by both parties, naraely, on the part of his rnperial Majesty by his Privy Counciriofs of State, Leopold William Count of Konigsegg, Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire, Knight ofthe Golden Fleece; and Theodore Althete Henry Count Stratraan, Chancellor ofthe Court; and 5v2 916 TRANSLATIONS. on the part of the High and Mighty Lords the States-General by Jaraes Hop, Councillor and Syndic of the city of Ainster- dara and Deputy for Holland and Westfrise in the Assembly of the States-General, after mutual exchange of their full powers, have agreed as follows : — 1. There shall be and reraain for ever between his Sacred Iraperial Majesty and the States-General of the United Pro vinces a constant, perpetual, and inviolable friendship and correspondence, and each of thera shall be obliged to promote diligently the other's interests, and to do as much as in them lies to prevent all damages and inconveniences thereto, 2, And as the French King has lately attacked, without any legitiraate cause or pretext, as well his Sacred Imperial Ma jesty as the Lords the States-General, by a most grievous and unjust war, there shall be between the contracting parties not only a defensive but an offensive alliance, by virtue whereof both of thera shall act in hostile raanner against the said French King with all their forces by sea and by land, and against such of his allies as upon warning to be given for that purpose shall refuse to separate frora hira ; and they shall also coraraunlcate one to the other their advices for the better carrying on the operations of the war either jointly or sever ally for the destruction of the coraraon enemy. 3. It shall not be lawftd for either party to withdraw from the war against France, or to enter separately upon any convention, treaty of peace, or armistice with France, or its allies, upon any pretext whatever, without the consent and concurrence ofthe other party. 4. There shall by no raeans be any peace concluded before the peace of Westphalia and those of Osnaburgh, Munster, and the Pyrenees have by coraraon force and the aid of God been vindicated, and all things both in Church and State restored to their forraer condition, according to the tenor of the same. 5. And if any negotiations of peace or truce shall by comraon consent be entered into, all things treated on shall on both sides be coraraunicated bona fide, nor shall one party conclude anything without the consent and satisfaction of the other. TRANSLATIONS, 917 6, After the present war shall by coraraon consent be ended and a peace concluded, there shall reraain between his Sacred Imperial Majesty his heirs and successors and the States- General ofthe United Provinces a perpetual defensive alliance against the often raentioned crown of France, and its adhe rents ; by force whereof the contracting parties shall use their best endeavours that the peace to be raade raay reraain firra and perpetual. 7. That if it shall happen the crown of France shall again attack one or other of the contracting parties, contrary to the said peace, at what tirae soever the sarae shall be done, they shall be obliged faithfully to assist each other with all their forces the sarae as now both by sea and by land, and to resist all hostility and violence, and not to desist until all things are restored to their forraer state according to the aforesaid peace, and satisfaction given to the party injured. 8. Furtherraore, his Sacred Imperial Majesty shall at all times protect and defend the rights of the States-General, and they the rights of his Imperial Majesty, against the crown of France and its adherents, by all the ways and raeans in their power, nor shall they do any prejudice to each other in their said rights. 9. And if between the contracting parties any controversies shall be as to the liraits of their dorainions, or that any such should arise hereafter, they shall be discussed and coraposed in a friendly raanner, either by coraraission or deputies on both sides, without any raanner of force, and nothing in the raean tirae shall be innovated therein. 10. There shall be invited into the society of this present alli ance on the part of his Iraperial Majesty, the crown of Spain ; and on the part of the Lords the States-General of the United Provinces, the crown of England ; and there shall be in a sirailar manner adraitted into the sarae all the allies of either party who shall think fit to enter into the sarae. The raost Serene Duke of Lorraine is also included in this Treaty, and the allies shall use all their powers that he shall be fully reinstated in the Duchy, dominions, states, and rights of his ancestors. 918 TRANSLATIONS. 11. This Treaty shall be ratified, on both sides, within the space of four weeks, or sooner if it raay be. In witness whereof, and for confirmation of the credit and sincerity hereof, two instruments of the same tenor are raade, signed, and sealed by the Plenipotentiaries of both parties, and are reciprocally exchanged. Done at Vienna, the 12th of May, 1689. L. S, Leopold Williara, Count of Kinigsegg. L, S, T. A. Henr. Count of Stratraan. L, S, J. Hop. And in the narae of the King of Great Britain, and of the Lords the States-General, we enter, with regard to his Royal Highness, into all those engageraents, without any reserve or exception, into which they are entered with his Iraperial Majesty, obliging, as by the present act they do oblige, his Britannic Majesty and their High Mightinesses to the entire and inviolable observation of the said Treaty according to its forra and tenor towards his Royal Highness, as if they had over again hereby stipulated and contracted it with his said Royal Highness. The Sieur de la Tour, Baron de Bourdeaux, Councillor of State to his Royal Highness, President of his Finances in Savoy, Intendant of his Household, and his Envoy Extraor dinary, having seen and exarained the treaty aforesaid, approves and ratifies it, and receives and accepts the said association and aggregation in the narae of his Royal Highness ; obliging him, as by the present act he does oblige hira, to observe and cause to be inviolably observed the sarae conditions, guaranties, and obligations as are therein contained, and which shall have the sarae force as if they were hereby over again stipulated between the parties. III. His Britannic Majesty and their High Mightinesses being willing to give his Royal Highness effectual raarks of their affection, and of the interest which they take for his preser vation, do establish and proraise hira an aid of thirty thousand crowns a raonth, to coraraence on the day of the signing of the present Treaty, and to continue during six raonths to corae ; the raoiety of which sura to be employed by bis said Royal Highness where it shall be raost convenient for repel ling the eneray who has invaded his dorainions, and which moiety shall therefore be presently advanced to hira for that purpose ; and the other raoiety to be eraployed as well for TRANSLATIONS. 919 subsisting his troops as for raaintenance of the Vaudois and French refugees who have been armed at the expense, and by the care, of his Britannic Majesty and of their High Mighti nesses : of the which sura of thirty thousand crowns a raonth the King of Great Britain shall furnish 20,000 and the States- General 10,000, which they shall regularly and punctually cause to be paid. IV. And whereas his Imperial Majesty, by the treaty he raade with his Royal Highness, the 4th of June, last passed, stipu lated an express article, touching the restitution of Pignerol, of the tenor following : — His Sacred Iraperial Majesty and the Confederates shall do all in their power, that Pignerol shall be restored to his Royal Highness, either by treaty or force of arms, but without prejudice to the rights and possessions ceded to and acquired by his High ness in the territory of Montferrat by virtue of the Treaty of Cherasco : — His Britannic Majesty and their High Mightinesses, enter ing into the whole intention of the obligation imposed by that article, will observe all its contents, and cause it to be punc tually executed. V. The above-mentioned Plenipotentiaries promise the entire and inviolable observation of the foregoing articles, and oblige themselves to return the ratifications thereof in due forra in two months, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof, they have signed the present act, and have thereto affixed the seal of their arms. Done at the Hague, the 20th October, 1690. L, S, (Signed) Ph. de la Tour. Williara the Third, by the grace of God, King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c. : To all and singular to whora these present letters shall corae. Greeting. Whereas it was by coraraon consent thought ne cessary by all the Confederates, who, having been provoked by the raost flagrant injuries, are obliged to defend both theraselves and the public by a war against the raost Christ ian King, that Ministers, to be deputed from each of the Con federates, should have a Congress at the Hague, in Holland, there to consult and agree on such ways and means as raight be raost conducive for the raost effectual prosecution of this war, to the end it raight sooner be brought to a happy issue, and for protecting the public against all violence and injuries, and for not only preserving the league, but also, if need should 920 TRANSLATIONS. require, for making it more strict and binding ; and whereas the high and mighty Lords the States General of the United Provinces have also desired other Kings and Princes, that they would in like raanner send their Ministers to the same place to unite their endeavours for that end, we were resolved on our part that nothing should be wanting to the end that the said Convention should be held as soon as possible, and the better to attain its desired effect : Know ye, therefore, that we, having full confidence in the fidelity, diligence, and experience of our right trusty and well beloved Charles Vis count Dursley, eldest son of our right trusty and well-beloved cousin George, Earl of Berkeley, have norainated, raade, and constituted, and by these presents do norainate, make, and constitute hira our true, real, and undoubted Plenipotentiary, giving and granting to hira all, and all raanner of licence, power, and authority and coraraand, both general and special, to meet the Plenipotentiaries or ministers ofour confederates against the said raost Christian King, or ofthose that are fully authorized frora other Kings, Princes, or States, who are ready to embrace the sarae counsels as we and our Confederates, and to consult, treat, and conclude with the same of the ways and means for the happy prosecution of this war, by God's help, in the en suing suraraer, for procuring the public safety, and for that of every other person ; and also, if need be, for raaking the league raore strict, or any other matters that shall be thought neces sary by the joint counsel of the parties, and to draw up, de raand, and receive all articles, letters, and instruraents there upon frora the said Plenipotentiaries or Ministers aforesaid, and to do and perforra all other things necessary and becoraing, in as araple raanner and forra as we ourselves, if present, could do and perforra thera : Proraising and engaging, on the word of a King, that whatever particulars shall happen to be con cluded by our said Plenipotentiary, by virtue of these presents, we will ratify and approve the sarae in the best raanner, and that we win not contravene any part thereof, but will on the contrary religiously and inviolably observe, and cause to be observed, whatever in our name shall be proraised. In witness whereof, we have caused these letters, signed with our Royal hand, to be sealed with the Great Seal of England. Given at our Palace of Whitehall, 20th February, in the year of our Lord I655, and in the second of our Reign. William R. The States-General of the United Provinces of the Low Countries ; to all to whora these presents shall come, Greeting : Whereas his Royal Highness of Savoy, having declared hira self for the High Allies against France, has testified to us the TRANSLATIONS. 921 desire he has to cultivate a sincere friendship with us, and to enter into more particular obligations for advancement ofthe coraraon cause and the reciprocal interests, and that he has authorized the Lord President de la Tour, his Envoy Extra ordinary to our States, to treat thereupon, according as it shall be thought raost convenient on both sides ; and whereas we on our part are no less inclined to enter into strict bands of friendship with his Royal Highness, and to unite strongly with hira ; we have therefore naraed anddeputed the Sieurs Wal rave Baron de Heheren, Lord of Netelhorst, High Bailiff of the County of Zutphen: Jaraes Baron de Wassenaar and Duvenvoirde, Lord of Duvenvoirde Voorschoten, Veur, &c. High Bailiff and Great Master of the Dykes of Rhynlande, of the body of the Nobles of the Province of Holland and of Westfrise ; Anthony Heinsius, Counsellor, Pensionary, Keeper of the Seal and Intendant of the Fiefs of the sarae Province ; Williara de Nassau, Lord of Odyk, Cortgene, &c., Preraier Noble and Representative of the Order of Nobility in the States and the Council of the county of Zeland ; John Van der Does, Lord of Bergestein, Deputy of the Order of Nobil ity of the States of Utrecht ; John Abrahara de Schurraan, Burgoraaster of Ylst, and Deputy of the States of Frize ; Gaspar Henry Leraker, Burgomaster of Carapen ; and John Viglius van Heek, Senator of Groninghen, &c. respectively Deputies in our Assembly for the Provinces of Gueldres, of of Holland and West Frise, of Zeland, of Utrecht, of Frise, of Overyssel and of Groningen and Oraland, to confer with the said Lord President de la Tour, on such raeasures as will serve best for an engagement and strict union between this State, and bis Royal Highness, either by way of a new alli ance, or else by Including him in those which have been already made with his Imperial Majesty, or other Kings, Princes and States ; and we have granted, as we do grant by these presents, to the said Lords our Deputies or to the raost part of thera in case of absence or any other hinderance to the others, full power, authority and special coraraand, that on our part and in our narae, they raay treat, agree, and conclude all points and articles that shall be thought fit and convenient to the ends aforesaid, to pass acts in good and due forra and to re ceive the sarae, and In general to do all that they shall think necessary without their having any raore special order for that purpose. Proraising sincerely, and of good faith, to agree to everything that by the said Lords our Deputies shall be agreed on, and to approve and ratify In the best forra what ever shall by thera be signed by virtue of these presents. In witness whereof, we have caused these presents to be signed by the President of our Assembly, and countersigned by our 5 w 922 TRANSLATIONS. Greffier, and to be sealed with our seal. Done at the Hague, the 14th of September, 1690. Being signed Van Heek, and written underneath, by order of the said Lords the States- General, and countersigned F. Fagel. Victor Araedeus the Second, by the grace of God, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piedraont, King of Cyprus, &c. The good ness with which the King of England has been pleased to as sure us of his Royal-protection gives us hope that his Majesty will also be pleased to grant to us the honour of entering Into alliance with hira. For this end we have given the President de la Tour, as by virtue of these presents, signed with our hand, we do give hira full power to treat and conclude with his Britannic Majesty, or with such as shall be deputed by his Majesty, a treaty of alliance with such covenants, conditions, and proraises as he shall judge proper, though the same be such things as might require a raore araple and special autho rity than the present power. Proraising on the faith and word of a Prince inviolably to observe, and punctually to ex ecute, all that the said President de la Tour shall treat, con clude, perforra and proraise, and to hold the sarae always firm, stable and irrevocable, and to ratify It, as we do ratify it by these presents. In witness whereof we have signed this pre sent power, caused It to be countersigned by our Chief Sec retary of State, and caused our Privy seal to be affixed thereto. Given at the Carap at Carignan, this 15th of July, 1690. (Signed) V. Amedeo. Victor Araedeus the Second, by the grace of God, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piedraont, King of Cyprus, Sec The con fidence that we have In the friendship of their High Mighti nesses the States-General ofthe United Provinces of the Low Countries assures us that they will give us a fresh testiraony thereof, by concurring in the establishment of an indissoluble union between us that may contribute to the advantage of our reciprocal Interests, and the comraon good of all the League. For this purpose we have sent the President de la Tour to their High Mightinesses, and have given hira power to treat and conclude the said alliance, as by virtue of these presents, signed by our hand, we do give the aforesaid Presi dent de la Tour full power to treat and conclude with their High Mightinesses the Lords the States-General of the Uni ted Provinces of the Low Countries, or with such as shall be deputed by thera, a treaty of alliance, with such covenants, conditions and proraises as he shall judge proper, though the TRANSLATIONS. 923 sarae be such as might require a raore araple and special au thority than the present power. Promising on the faith and word of a Prince, inviolably to observe, and punctually to execute, all that the said President de la Tour shall treat, conclude, perforra, and proraise, and always to hold firm, stable, and Irrevocable, and to ratify as we do hereby ratify the sarae by these presents. In witness whereof we have signed this pre sent power, caused it to be countersigned by our Chief Sec retary of State, and have caused our Privy Seal to be affixed thereto. Done at the Carap at Carignan, the 14th of July, 1690. (Signed) V. Amedeo. SECRET ARTICLE concerning the Vaudois, concluded at the Hague, between the Ministers of his Britannic Majesty and their High Mightinesses the States-General of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, on the one part, and the Presi dent de la 'Tour, Envoy of his Royal Highness the Duke of Savoy, on the other part. His Royal Highness, who has already taken those of his subjects who profess the religion of the Waldenses Into favour, and received thera under his Royal protection, and who every day obtains fresh proofs of their fidelity and attachraent to his service, declares by the present Article, which shall have the sarae force and validity as if It were inserted in the treaty, or In Its annexes, concluded this day between the King of Great Britain and the States-General of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, on the one part, and his Royal Highness on the other, that at the instance and in consideration of his Britannic Majesty and of their High Mightinesses, his Royal Highness has revoked, and hereby does revoke the decree Is sued against the said Vaudois, dated the 31st January 1686, and all other edicts or orders whatsoever given for the execu tion of the above decree ; has exempted, and does exempt thera frora the consequences of all contraventions of those ordinances, and grants thera for this purpose, as long as it is or shall be necessary, full and entire pardon for thera, so that it shall not be lawful to sue, generally or separately, in any raanner whatsoever, either theraselves or any others that raay have assisted or abetted thera. ' That his Royal Highness de sires all prisoners to be set at liberty, and that all children of both sexes and of all ages, and in whatsoever place they raay be, shall be restored without paying any costs or expenses, and shall be left at full liberty to return with their parents, and to profess their religion ; nor shall It be lawful to disturb or prosecute either thera or others, on account of any abjura tion which they have raade. That his Royal Highness pre- 5w2 924 TRANSLATIONS. serves and replaces them, their children and their poster ity. In the possession of all and of each of their ancient rights, edicts, usages and privileges, as well in regard to their abodes, their trade, and the exercise of their religion, as to every other purpose ; re-establishes them in, and restores them to all their property, estates, houses, inherltaiices, claims, interests, and actions, and In and to all other objects in being, and which they raay be able to substantiate by any proof to have belonged to thera previous to the said Order of January 31,1 686. That iraraediately after the ratification of the prin cipal Treaty, and of the present Article, his Royal Highness will, in conforraity with the present Article, cause to be pro- raulgated letters patent, in the shape of an Edict, in favour of the said Vaudois his subjects, and of other persons of that re ligion, who shall be willing to settle in the said Valleys, on taking the accustomed oath of fidelity as loyal subjects of his Royal Highness, which letters patent his said Royal High ness will cause to be entered and authenticated by the Senate, and by the Board of Accounts at Turin, and wherever It shall be necessary ; and finally, the Ministers of her Britannic Ma jesty, and of their High Mightinesses, shall be instructed and authorized to regulate, according to the ancient edicts, rights and concessions, with the Ministers of his Royal Highness, the particulars of things, and whatever raay have been left out and omitted. In order to provide for the security of the said Vaudois under this Article, as also for the execution of the same in respect of raatters concerning their religion, and re lative to their property, rights, and all other objects. The said Plenipotentiaries just raentioned have proraised, and do pro- raise respectively. In the narae of their masters and principals, to cause the contents of the present Article to be inviolably observed, and to procure ratifications of them. In good and due form, within two months or sooner. If possible. In faith of which they have signed the present Article, and affixed to It the seals of their arms. Done at the Hague, the 20th of October, 1690. L, S, Ph. de la Tour. {Edict for the re-establishment ofthe Vaudois in 1694: see page 765.) VICTOR AMEDEUS IL, By thegrace of God, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piedmont, King of Cyprus, Sfc: Having been obliged by the reiterated and pressing urgency of foreign Powers, in 1686, to issue the Edicts ofthe 31st January, and 9th April, against our faithful subjects TRANSLATIONS. 925 the Religionists of the Valleys of Luzerna, Perosa, and St. Martino,andof theadjacent places, namely, Prarustino, S' Bar- tholoraeo, and Roccapiatta, and being now disposed to re ceive thera into our good favour by the raanifest proofs of fi delity and authentic testiraonies of zeal for our service, which have been, and continue to be, given to us by our subjects, the Religionists, as also the regard which we pay to the represen tation raade by his Majesty the King of England, and by their High Mightinesses the States-General ofthe United Provinces of the Low Countries, we have considered that, from these raotives, we should no longer delay declaring that they are en tirely re-established In our good favour, the raore to excite them to render theraselves worthy of It: Wherefore, by these Presents, which we wish to have the force of an Edict, of our certain knowledge, full power, and absolute authority, and by the advice of the Council, revoking, and annulling, as we do revoke and annul, the said Edicts ofthe 31st January, and 9th April, 1686, and their Interination,' as also all declaration of penalties, sentences, ordinances, and all other acts done in ex ecution ofthe Edicts, In hatred ofour subjects, the Religion ists, so that they raay be for the future of no force and effect, as If they had never been. We grant to the said Religionists araple pardon, and entire remission, absolution, and aboli tion, as far as it is or was requisite, for all contraventions of the said Edicts, and for all other excesses, of whatever nature and quality, however enormous, that raay be ascribed to the sarae Religionists ; and which raight require specific and Individual mention, and of all the penalties declared against and incurred by them, as well in general as in parti cular. We restore the said Religionists, and all those who raay have afforded thera aid, counsel, and favour, to their pris tine honour, and to our good favour, as they were before the violations of the said Edicts ; Ordering that all those of the said Religionists who raay still be detained, be forthwith liber ated, and that all their children, of both sexes, of whatever age, and In whatever place of our States they raay be, be re stored without payraent of any cost, and left at full liberty to return with their parents to the said Valleys, and there to profess their religion without any one having power to molest or prosecute them, as well they as any other person, on ac count of any act of their religion, or of the abjurations which they or their fathers may have made, as obtained by violence ; forbidding for that purpose all persons whatsoever to offer any Impediraent or difficulty, by concealing thera or otherwise, to their return to the said Valleys, and rauch less to do them the least injury, which will be likewise forbidden to the said ' Interination signifies the final ratification under the sign manual, 926 TRANSLATIONS. Religionists against those Catholics who wish to remam in these States, and continue to profess the Catholic religion : Desiring that our Governors and Local Judges be bound to watch over the execution of what Is above [ordered], and that the said Religionists, of both sexes, be not in any raanner forced nor hindered from using. In this raatter, their free j udgraent, and full liberty, of returning Into the aforesaid Valleys : Restor ing to the said Religionists, and desiring that they may be maintained with their children and posterity in possession of, all and each of their ancient rights, edicts, custoras, usages, and privileges, as well In respect to their habitations, business, commerce, and exercise of the religion which they profess, as of every other thing without exception as they were before the aforesaid Edicts : Re-establishing and re-instating the Religonists in the quiet and peaceable possession and enjoy raent of all their goods, farras, houses. Inheritances, naraes, rights, actions, and all other things which raay be found in existence and nature, and which they may be able to justify by any kind of proof, to have belonged to them iraraediately before the aforesaid Edicts; Ordering all those who raay have corae into possession, under any title of goods and effects which belonged as above to the Religionists before the said Edicts, that. In conforraity with the foregoing, they return them to them, and leave thera the free and peaceable enjoyraent of thera, without disturbing or raolesting thera In any raanner whatsoever, either now or hereafter, under any pretext : For bidding to them and to their aforesaid adherents, now and here after, on account ofthe aforesaid contraventions annexed, con nected, and dependent, from raagistrates, judges, officials, fiscals, or any other person whom It raay concern, all fur ther raolestation, whether real or personal, so that they can no longer be prosecuted, either In general or In particular, nor In any raanner disturbed in their persons, and goods, on account of the aforesaid contraventions, or of any act of their religion, or of the abjurations which they may have raade In consequence of persecutions; and therefore, following the exaraple furnished In sirailar cases by our predecessors, we irapose on our Fiscal and every other per son,' perpetual and final silence : Declaring up to the pre sent tirae everything null that may have occurred to the contrary ; Promising our protection to all those who may be disturbed contrary to our present declaration. We further permit every person born In the same religion, and any per son professing it, to go freely and establish himself in the aforesaid Valleys, first taking before our Grand Chancellor the due and usual oath of Fealty, and to live, and be good, faithful, and obedient subjects to us, and to our successors to I Literally, to whom it is expedient, i, e., whose office it may be. TRANSLATIONS. 927 the crown, during their sojourn in the said Valleys, in which they may possess property within the prescribed liraits, and so raay enjoy there the sarae privileges and prerogatives with out exception which are and raay be enjoyed by the Religion ists, natives of the country, excepting the French, in whose favour this concession shall be extended indifferently, during the present war, and after the making of peace It shall be on ly In favour of those who shall have quitted France on ac count of their religion, and shall not have re-established them selves there afterwards. Moreover, as to those ofthe Valleys of Pragellato, and Perosa, who profess the same religion, this concession will take place in iheir favour only for the term of ten years after the peace ; Declaring further, that those of the said Valleys of Pragellato, and Perosa, who shall have oc casion to corae and establish theraselves In those of Luzerna and other dependencies of our dorainions araong those naraed In the present Edict, on account of any inheritance, substitu tion, or marriage, may do It at any time, provided they corae to establish theraselves perraanently, ceasing to reside In the said Valleys of Pragellato and Perosa ; Desiring nevertheless that the aforesaid Valdenslan and Foreign Religionists, who raay corae to establish theraselves in the said Valleys, do not raolest. In the least degree, the Catholics residing in the sarae under any pretext. Further, we perrait all the Religionist inhabitants of our said Valleys to purchase and acquire with out violence, and by peaceful raeans, property, both raove- able and iraraoveable, situated within the liraits of our said Valleys in whatever hands they raay be. We order there fore and coraraand our raagistrates, rainisters, officials, and all other persons concerned, to observe, and cause to be observed, inviolably these presents, and our Senate, and Charaber of Piedraont, to ratify and confirra thera. In all and by all, as is requisite, without any difficulty or contradiction. Desiring that they be published In the usual raodes In the districts of the said Valleys, and others where it shall be necessary, so that none raay pretend Ignorance of them, and that a printed copy by our Printer Valetta is to have the same validity as the original. Such Is our intent. Given at Turin, the 23rd May, 1694. V. Amedeo. V. Bellegarde. Reg. Gallinati. De S. Thoraas. Chamber of Accounts of his Royal Highness, Be it known to all, that we having seen the foregoing 928 TRANSLATIONS. Edict, confirmed by his Royal Highness's signature, in due form, prepared, sealed, and signed " De S. Thomas", given in this City the 23rd of the present raonth, and heard thereupon Signer Count Pietro, Francesco Frichignono di Castelengo, Counsellor, Senator, and Advocate-General of his Royal High ness, to whom it was coraraunicated, and Its tenor considered (as to that Magistrate belongs and appertains), have ratified, admitted and approved It. And by these Presents ratify, ad mit, and approve that Edict, with the declarations following, viz., that as to the liraits of which the said Edict raakes raen tion, those are understood which are expressed In the last Edicts, prescriptive and declarative of those liraits, and with this, that the persons and goods of those dwelling now, and who shall hereafter dwell. In the Valleys and places raention ed In the said Edict, and in the Intent of the sarae, be bound and affected respectively by all the charges, imposts, and bur dens. In the same raanner as they were held and bound to his Royal Highness, and his Royal successors, before the Edicts of the 31st January, and 9tli April, 1686, and as his other subjects are and shall be bound ; and in every thing else ac cording to Its forra, Intent and tenor ; Ordering that it be re gistered in our registers, in order to have recourse to It when requisite. In testiraony whereof we have granted these Presents. Given at Turin, the 25th of May, 1694. By the raost excellent Charaber. Ayme. The Senate of his Royal Highness, sitting in Turin, Be It known to all, that we having seen and read the above Order of his Royal Highness, dated at Turin, the 23rd of May instant, subscribed by his Royal Highness, duly pre pared, sealed, and undersigned " De S. Thomas", having con sidered its tenor, and having heard upon It Signer Count Pi etro Francesco Frichignono, Counsellor, Senator, and Advo cate-General of his Royal Highness, to whora It was corarau nicated. As far as to this Supreme Magistracy belongs and appertains, we have admitted, approved, and ratified, and hereby admit, approve, and ratify it, declaring, however, that the restoration, of which the present Edict raakes mention. In favour of the Valdenses, or of the raen of the pretended re formed religion. Is Intended to comprehend purely and simply the goods, rights and claims of which they were deprived, on the occasion, and in consequence of the Edicts promulgated on the 31st of January, and 9th April, in the year 1686 ; and that there be excepted the rights contested by any third person in the goods or against the persons of the same men before the aforesaid Edicts. Also with tbe declaration that TRANSLATIONS. 929 with respect to purchased property, to which the said Reli gionists are restored, according to the present Edict, a right be understood as reserved to the said purchasers to recover the price paid for the sarae frora the Patriraonlal Lordship of his Royal Highness, on establishing their right, which is in no case to be reflected directly or indirectly against the said Reli gionists and their property ; and that the sarae be understood only to be restored and reinstated in the original state In which they were before the said Edicts, and In the remainder. In all and for all, according to the forra, intent, and tenor ofthe pre sent Edict: Coraraanding every one whora it concerns to ob serve the present Edict, which, with these Presents, is regis tered In our registers. Given at Turin, the 25th^of May, 1694, By the Most Excellent Senate. Dalmazzo. Turin : Antonio Valetta, Printer to his Royal Highness, and the Most Excellent Charaber, 1694. {Ratification of the Treaty between England and Savoy, dated at Cresentin, \Oth August, 1704 : see page 770.) Victor Araedeus II, by the grace of God, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piedraont, King of Cyprus, &c. To all to whom these Presents shall come. Greeting : Having seen the Treaty of Alliance which the Corate de Vernon, Gentleman of our Chamber, in virtue of the full power which we have given hira to that end, has concluded, agreed and signed, the fourth instant at Turin, with the Sieur Hill, of Hawkstone and Atchara, a Lord ofthe Adrairalty of England, and Envoy Ex traordinary of her Britannic Majesty, likewise empowered with necessary full powers frora her said Majesty, the tenor of which Treaty followeth : Whereas his Royal Highness of Savoy has always Infinitely esteeraed the support and alliance of her said Majesty, the Queen of Great Britain, which are of so great weight In the world, and as the present conjunctures give hira cause to unite hiraself raore straitly with her by entering Into the trea ty of the Grand Alliance, concluded at the Hague, the 7th of Septeraber, 1701, to act conjointly, to provide for the com- nion peace and safety, against the power and ambitious de signs of France, which threaten nothing less than the public and universal liberty. In order to reduce It within just bounds : Her said Britannic Majesty, knowing also how rauch the friendship and union of his Royal Highness can contribute to attain the raore easily that end which is so necessary for 930 TRANSLATIONS. the good of the whole coraraon cause, has given for that pur pose her full powers to Sieur Hill, Lord of Hawkstone and Atchara, a Lord of the Adrairalty of England, and her Envoy Extraordinary to his Royal Highness, and his said Royal Highness having on his part given bis full powers and author ity to the Corate de Vernon, Gentleraan of his Chamber; the Plenipotentiaries aforesaid, after having reciprocally de livered the originals of their said full powers, have agreed to the Articles following: First Article. Her Britannic Majesty receives and includes his Royal Highness in the Treaty of the Grand Alliance concluded at the Hague, the 7th of September, 1701, between his Impe rial Majesty, the late King of England, and the Lords the States-General, engaging with bis said Royal Highness to the entire and inviolable observation of the said Treaty, as if he had been one of the flrst parties thereto. His Royal High ness on his part enters, without any reserve or exception, into all the obligations and all engageraents. Into which the Powers have entered who have concluded It, borne by the sarae Treaty, the tenor whereof follows : Forasrauch as Charles II, King of Spain, of raost glorious meraory, having died, without issue, not long since, his Sacred Iraperial Majesty has clairaed the succession to the Kingdoras and Provinces of the deceased King as legitlraately pertaining to bis august House, but the raost Christian King seeking the sarae succession for his grandson, the Duke of Anjou, and pre tending a right to have accrued to him by a certain will of the deceased King, has seized the possession of the whole inheri tance, or Spanish Monarchy, for the aforesaid Duke of Anjou, has forcibly occupied the Provinces of the Spanish Low Coun tries and the Duchy of Milan, keeps a fieet ready fitted In the port of Cadiz, has sent many ships-of-war to the Spanish West Indies, and by this means and raany others, the Kingdoms of France and Spain are so closely united between themselves and ceraented that they appear not to be hereafter considered otherwise than as one and the sarae Kingdora, so that unless it be foreseen. It sufficiently appears, that his Iraperial Ma jesty must abandon all hope ever to be satisfied for his pre tension ; The Sacred Roraan Erapire will lose Its rights In the Fiefs which are in Italy, and in the Spanish Low Countries; The British and the United Provinces will entirely lose the free Intercourse of navigation and coraraerce In the Mediter ranean sea. In the Indies, and elsewhere ; And the United Provinces will be destitute of the security which, frora the Provinces of the Spanish Low Countries being interposed be- TRANSLATIONS. 931 tween thera and the Ftench coraraonly called a barrier, they enjoyed; And finally, the French and Spaniards being thus united will In a short time becorae so forraldable to all, that they will easily challenge to themselves the whole Erapire of Europe. But since, on account of this method of proceeding of the most Christian King, a necessity is imposed on his Im perial Majesty of sending an army into Italy as well for the preserving of his private rights as the Fiefs of the Empire, the King of Great Britain has deemed it necessary to send his auxiliary forces to the United Provinces, whose circumstances are In such a situation as If they were actually Invaded, and the Lords the States-General of the United Provinces, whose frontiers lie in a raanner exposed on every side, by the break ing and taking away of the fence coraraonly called the barrier, which screened thera frora the neighbourhood of the French, are compelled for the safety and defence of their Republic to do all those things which they ought or could have done if they had been engaged in war : and since so doubtful a state of their affairs is more perilous than war Itself, and France and Spain take advantage of this state of affairs to unite thera selves raore and raore to oppress the liberty of Europe, and take away the freedom of coraraerce, by these reasons indu ced, his Sacred Iraperial Majesty, his Sacred Royal Majesty of Great Britain, and the High and Mighty Lords the States- General ofthe United Provinces of the Netherlands, tending to obviate so great evils as raight arise therefrora, and desir ing as rauch as in thera lies to provide reraedles, have thought a strict union and confederacy between themselves necessary for repelling the magnitude of the comraon danger, and to this end have given orders and Instructions, naraely, — His Sacred Imperial Majesty to the raost noble, raost illustrious and raost excellent Lords, the Lord Peter, of the Sacred Roraan Era pire, Count of Goessen, Lord of Carelsberg, Charaberlain of his Sacred Iraperial Majesty,Counsellor ofthe Iraperial Court, and Envoy Extraordinary to the High and Mighty Lords the States-General of the United Provinces, and the Lord John Venceslaus, of the Sacred Roraan Erapire, Count Wratislau of Mitrovitz, Lord of Ginetz, and Mallexitz, Charaberlain of his Sacred Royal Majesty ofthe Roraans, and Hungary, Coun sellor and Assessor of the Privy Chancery ofthe Court of Bo hemia, and Envoy Extraordinary of his Sacred Iraperial Ma jesty to the Most Serene King of Great Britain, his Arabas sadors Extraordinary and Plenipotentiaries : His Sacred Royal Majesty of Great Britain to the most noble, raost illustrious, and raost excellent Lord, Lord John Earl of Marl borough, Baron Churchill of Sandridge, of the Privy Council of his Sacred Royal Majesty, General of the Foot, and Com- 5x2 932 TRANSLATIONS. mander in chief of the array of his aforesaid Sacred Royal Majesty in the Low Countries, his Arabassador Extraordi nary, Coraraissary, Procurator, and Plenipotentiary : And the Lords the States-General to tbe Lords Dideric Ech de Panta leon, Lord of Ghent, and Erleh Frederic Baron of Rheede, Lord of Lier, of the District of St. Anthony de Terlee, Com mander of Bura, one of the Nobles, and of the order of Knighthood of Holland and West Friesland, Anthony Hein sius, Counsellor and Pensionary of the Lords the States of Holland and West Friesland, Keeper of their Great Seal and President of the Fiefs, — William of Nassau, Lord of Odych, Cortgiene, &c.. Chief Noble and, Representative in the Order of Nobility in the Assembly of the Lords the States of Zea land and of their Deputies ; Everhard de Weede, Lord of Weede Dyckvelt, Rateles, &c.. Lord of the soil of the city of Oudewater, Dean of the Chapter of St. Mary at Utrecht, on the Rhine, Prime Counsellor and President of the Assem bly of the Province of Utrecht, Prasfect and Praetor of the Dykes of the river Lech, Williara Van Harera, Steward of the district of Biltan In Friesland, Chancellor of the Univer sity of Franquer, Deputy of the Nobles in the Asserably of the Lords the States of Friesland, — Burchard Just a Welvelde in Buckhorst and Molekate, Lord in Zallick and Vekate, Lord Lieutenant ofthe county of Ysselrauyd, and WIcher Wichers, Senator of the city of Groningen, Deputies respectively of the Lords the States of Gueldres, Holland and West Fries land, Zealand, Utrecht on the Rhine, Friesland, Overyssel and Groningen and the Omlands to the Asserably of the Lords the States-General of the United Provinces, who by virtue of their raandates have agreed on the following Articles of Alliance : Article 1. That between his Sacred Iraperial Majesty, his Sacred Royal Majesty of Great Britain, and the Lords the States- General of the United Provinces, there shall be and continue a constant, perpetual and inviolable friendship and correspon dence, and that each shall be obliged to proraote the advan tages of the other, and to avert injuries and inconveniences as rauch as in hira lies. Article 2. His Sacred Iraperial Majesty, his Sacred Royal Majesty of Great Britain, and the Lords the States-General, as nothing is raore pleasing to them than peace, and the general tran quillity of all Europe, so have they judged nothing would be more efficacious for establishing it than procuring a just and reasonable satisfaction to his Imperial Majesty, in considera tion of his pretension to the Spanish succession, and that the TRANSLATIONS. 933 King of Great Britain and the Lords the States-General should obtain a particular and sufficient security for their Kingdoms, Provinces and Dominions, and for the navigation and comraerce of their subjects. Article 3. Therefore the Confederates, above all things, shall endea vour to their utraost to obtain, in a peaceable way, and by solid and firra agreement, a just and reasonable satisfaction to his Iraperial Majesty in the cause afore said, and the security before raentioned to his Royal Majesty of Great Britain, and to the Lords the States-General ofthe United Provinces, and to this end the Allies will labour diligently and without any inter mission for the space of two months, to be counted from the day on which the Instruments of ratification shall be ex changed. Article 4. But if, contrary to their hope and wishes, within the tirae limited, the raatter cannot be transacted in the way aforesaid, the Allies engage and proraise each other, that they will help each other with all their powers, and that according to a spe cification to be determined in a peculiar convention, that so they raay acquire the satisfaction and security before re hearsed. Article 5. The Allies, to procure the satisfaction and security afore said, araongst other things, shall exert all their powers to re cover the Provinces of the Spanish Low Countries, that they may be a fence and rampart, coraraonly called a barrier, re- raoving and separating France from the United Provinces for the security of the Lords the States-General, as they have served at all tiraes, till lately the raost Christian King occu pied thera with his soldiery, as also to recover the Duchy of Milan, with Its dependencies, as a Fief of the Empire, and serving to the security ofthe hereditary Provinces of his Im perial Majesty, together with the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily, and the lands and islands on the coasts of Tuscany, in the Mediterranean sea, that belong to the Spanish dorainions, and raay be of the sarae use, and also will be of advantage to the navigation and comraerce of the subjects of the King of Great Britain, and of the United Provinces. Article 6. That It be lawful for his Royal Majesty of Great Britain, and for the Lords the States-General, by common consent, for the use and advantage of the navigation and commerce of 934 TRANSLATIONS. their subjects to occupy with their arms whatsoever lands and cities of the Spanish possessions in the Indies they shall be able, and whatever they may so occupy shall remain In their possession. Article 7. Should necessity require, that the Allies, for obtaining the aforesaid satisfaction to his Imperial Majesty, the security of the King of Great Britain, and ofthe Lords the States-Gene ral, be compelled to engage in war, they shall faithfully com municate to each other their designs, both for warlike opera tions and for all things relating to the coraraon cause. Article 8. That it shall not be lawful to either of the parties having once taken up arras to treat of peace with the eneray, but jointly and having comraunicated their designs with the other parties, that peace be not raade unless there first be obtained for his Iraperial Majesty a just and reasonable satisfaction, and for his Royal Majesty of Great Britain and the Lords the States-General a particular guarantee of their kingdoras, provinces, dorainions, navigation and coraraerce, and unless it be provided beforehand by fitting securities that the king doras of France and Spain never come under the same govern ment and be united, and that one and the same person shall never be King of both kingdoras, and especially that the French never corae to the possession of the Spanish Indies, and that navigation thither for the sake of traffic be never permitted thera directly or indirectly, under any pretext whatsoever, and lastly, unless full liberty be granted to the subjects ofthe King of Great Britain and the States-General to use and enjoy all those privileges, rights, imraunities and liberties by sea and land. In Spain, In the Mediterranean sea, and in all the lands and places which the late deceased King of Spain possessed at the tirae of his death, as well In Europe as elsewhere, which they used and enjoyed, or which the sub jects of both or either of thera, by right, acquired before the death of the said King of Spain, by treaties, by agreements, by customs, or by any other raeans raight have used and en joyed. Article 9. At the tirae when the said agreement or peace shall be raade the allies shall agree between theraselves as to all those matters which shall be necessary to the strengthening of the navigation and coraraerce ofthe subjects ofthe King of Great Britain, and of the Lords the States -General In the lands and dorainions which they raay acquire, and which were possessed TRANSLATIONS. 935 by the late deceased King of Spain, as also of the raanner whereby the Lords the States-General shall be secured by the aforesaid fence coraraonly called the barrier. Article 10. And because certain controversies In religion raay arise In places to be forcibly occupied by the allies, as they hope, they will also agree araongst theraselves concerning the exercise thereof at the sarae tirae as Is aforesaid. Article 11. The allies are bound to assist and aid one another respect ively with all their powers against the aggressor, if the Most Christian Bang, or any other should atterapt to Invade any one of the allies on account of this Treaty. Article 12. But If either now an agreeraent can be raade concerning the often-raentloned satisfaction and security, or after the ne cessary coraraeneeraent of war, peace shall again be made, after such either agreement or concluded peace, there shall always be and remain between the contracting parties a de fensive alliance for guarantee of the same agreement or peace. Article 13. All Kings, Princes, and States who shall desire, and to whom a general peace Is dear, shall be admitted to tbe partici pation of this Alliance, and because it is of great interest to the Sacred Roraan Erapire, that the public peace should be preserved, and here, araongst other things, the recovery ofthe Fiefs of the Erapire is discussed, the said Erapire shall be specially invited to the participation of this Alliance : raore over. It shall be lawful to the Allies conjointly, or separately apart, to require the accession to this Alliance of those whora they shall think fit to require. Article 14. This Treaty shall be ratified by all the Allies In six weeks, or sooner If It can be done. In confirraation whereof, we, the aforesaid Plenipotentiaries, have secured the present Treaty with our hands and seals. At the Hague, the 7th day of Septeraber, In the year 1701 . It was signed in the several instruraents separately, as fol lows: On the part of his Imperial Majesty.Petrus Comes a Goessen. Johannes Venceslaus Comes. Wratislau a Mitrovitz. 936 TRANSLATIONS. On the part of his Royal Majesty of Great Britain, Marlborough. On the part of the Lords the States-General of the United Provinces, D. V. Eck. V. Pant™- Heer V. Gent. F. B. V. Rheede. A. Heinsius. V. DE Nassau. E. de Weede. W. Van Haren. B. J. V. Welvede. W. Wichers. With seals affixed to the naraes of each. Second Article. As his Royal Highness enters as above into all the engage ments stipulated in the aforesaid Treaty ofthe Grand Alliance, her Britannic Majesty proraises reciprocally to ratify and gua rantee in all and each of Its points the Treaty concluded at Turin between his Iraperial Majesty and his said Royal High ness, the 8th of Noveraber, 1703; Her said Britannic Ma jesty engaging herself generally, as she does specially hereaf ter, to all the obligations and guarantees borne by the same Treaty, the tenor of which follows : After his Sacred Iraperial Majesty was corapelled to under take the present war against the House of Bourbon for raost weighty causes sufficiently known to the whole world, and had invited the Most Serene Prince Lord Victor Araedeus, Duke of Savoy, to join arras with hira for effectual causes, and particularly with the view of vindicating his own proper right of succession to the Spanish Monarchy, clearly established by the will of Philip IV, King of Spain, of glorious raeraory ; His Royal Highness, considering both the alliance which ex ists between hira and the House of Bourbon, and the situation of his dorainions far reraoved from all coraraunication with the Empire, has hitherto indeed remained undecided in doubt ful deliberation ; at length however be has determined not only to accept without longer delay that invitation, and the conditions offered him by his Sacred Imperial Majesty, but also earnestly to desire his raost powerful protection against the unexpected and unheard of violence ofthe King of France, who, against tbe laws of nations and good faith, coraraanded his troops of France and Spain, warring In Italy, to be disarraed and detained captives ; and further coraraanded a great and the best part of his Italian array to advance towards Piedraont in translations. 937 order to Invade the Provinces of his Royal Highness, and en tirely enslave the sarae ; therefore his Royal Highness, being raoved by this evident danger, and perilous state of affairs, and relying on the assistance raost generously offered to hira by his Sacred Iraperial Majesty, In his own and in the name of his Allies, has signified his readiness to enter into theLeague with his Sacred Iraperial Majesty, and his Allies, to the Count d' Aversperg who had been coraraissioned by his Sacred Ira perial Majesty to certify his Royal Highness of his Sacred Imperial Majesty's very friendly mind towards his same Royal Highness. And since he, as well for complying with the gen erous Intention of his Sacred Imperial Majesty, and quelling the first efforts of both the powers which conspire for the da mage of his Royal Highness, as on account of the proper and clear reasons of his Sacred Imperial Majesty, whom it con cerns especially to preserve from imminent oppression, a Prince who in the last war, to the great benefit of the com raon cause, bravely opposed hiraself as the firra barrier of all Italy to the attacks of the eneray, and who is no less able at the present tirae to proraote the public benefit, and Is able to afford advantages of great weight for the establishraent of the august House of Austria In Italy, has repaired without delay into Piedmont, at length it has been brought to pass that his Sacred Imperial Majesty and his Royal Highness by their Plenipotentiaries, viz., In the name of his Sacred Ira perial Majesty by the aforesaid most illustrious and most excellent Lord Count d' Aversperg, Counsellor of State, and Chamberlain to his Sacred Iraperial Majesty, and on the part of his Royal Highness by the raost illustrious and raost excellent Lords, the Marquis de Prie, Knight of the Order ofthe Annunciation of the blessed Virgin Mary, and Minister of State to his Royal Highness, and the Marquis de St. Thoraas, Minister and Principal Secretary of State to his said Royal Highness, — the diploraas of their full powers being reciprocally exhibited, — agreed on the following articles. Article 1. There shall be between his Sacred Imperial Majesty on the one part, and his Royal Highness on the other, a strict treaty and firra and sincere union ; And his Sacred Iraperial Majesty will take care to have Included, yea and, as rauch as in him lies, will henceforth In his own and in the narae ofthe Erapire Include his Royal Highness In the treaty which exists between hira with England and the Lords the States-General of tbe United Provinces and other Princes ; And the principal scope of this Treaty shall be the defence or preservation of public justice, security and tranqullhty, like that of the peace of 5y 938 translations. Ryswick, and the preceding treaties, especially that of the Pyrenees, to which purpose his Royal Highness joining in council with his Sacred Iraperial Majesty and his allies shall unite with all his forces in the present war against the House of Bourbon and Its adherents as shall be explained below. Article 2. Whereas It Is necessary to that end, and for the defence of his Royal Highness, that in addition to the array In Lombardy, where the war will be prosecuted with all vigour by his Ira perial Majesty, another should be asserabled in Piedmont, his Sacred Imperial Majesty will send without delay into Pied mont, to reraain during the present war, so raany corapanies of his choice and veteran soldiers as shall amount to the num ber of 20,000 raen, whereof 14,000 to be infantry, and the re maining 6000 cavalry, who all raay be united to the regiraents of his Royal Highness, and that his Sacred Imperial Majesty shall furnish his own forces at his own cost, and shall supply them with cannon, and other necessary munition. But if the artillery raay not be able to be transported thither on account of the roads and other difficulties, his Royal Highness shall in the mean tirae supply others with this llraitatlon, that his Sacred Iraperial Majesty shall undertake at his own expense their car riage and necessary attendants : And where his Royal Highness has judged it possible that the Iraperial forces may winter in his dorainions, his Royal Highness shall be bound to give them nothing else than shelter or lodgings; but rations and pay shall be supplied frora the Imperial Commissariat ; for the raore ease whereof, his Royal Highness will take care that the afore said Coraraissariat raay procure corn and provision at the cur rent price. On the other hand his Royal Highness proraises that he also will keep In pay forces of soldiers to the number of 15,000 raen, whereof he will draw out into the field that part which the service of the comraon cause shall require, and the security of his fortresses suffer : Wherefore it shall be lawful to his Royal Highness to recruit soldiers publicly In the Erapire, and to conduct thera through the territories of the Erapire according to the custoras and laws there received. Article 3. His Royal Highness shall have the suprerae command in both armies, as well that which is In Piedraont, as that which is employed In Lombardy, and shall direct their movements and operations under the auspices of his Sacred Iraperial Ma jesty, as the coraraon service and necessity shall require it ; likewise for proraoting the better service of his Imperial Ma jesty and the comraon cause, the Comralssariat of war of his translations. -939 Sacred Iraperial Majesty shall depend in all things and In all raatters on the direction of his Royal Highness. Article 4. His Royal Highness shall receive frora the raost Serene Queen of Great Britain, and frora the Lords the States of the United Provinces jointly, a subsidy of 80,000 crowns, or ducats de Banco as they are called, per raonth, which shall begin to be current frora the third day of October, as from the day on which his Royal Highness published his breach with France at Turin. His Royal Highness shall have like wise from the aforesaid Powers the sura of 100,000 crowns, or ducats de banco, once for all, towards the first expenses and appointraents of the war, and that to be paid down without diminution of the monthly subsidy, which subsidy shall be iraprested to hira every two months ; and for the sura of the aforesaid 100,000 crowns, as also for that of the first two raonths, bank-bills shall be transraitted without delay, either to Turin, or to other neighbouring places, whence the said sums may be conveniently drawn, that bis Royal Highness may be able to lay them out for his occasions as soon as pos sible. Article 5. His Sacred Imperial Majesty, as a corapensation worthy of the great zeal with which his Royal Highness has exposed his States, and his own proper person, for the Interests of his most august House, and of the common cause, so useful and so ne cessary a sacrifice, and In consideration as well of this public advantage and service, as also ofthe renunciations of his Royal Highness raade below, as to the dower and dotal pensions of the late Infanta Catharine Duchess of Savoy to his said Royal Highness pertaining, of his absolute and full Iraperial power, and with due respect to the strong pretensions of the House of Savoy, cedes and transfers to his Royal Highness, his heirs, and successors, that part of the Duchy of Montferrat with which the Dukes of Mantua were invested, and all and every the towns, castles, villages, lands, and places thereunto pertaining, with all property, dorainion, jurisdiction, royalties, rents, and all rights and Interests whatsoever thereto pertaining, or there on depending, without any exception ; to be held and possessed for ever under the Eraperors and Sacred Roraan Erapire, as the Dukes of Mantua forraerly held and possessed thera, or should have held and possessed thera; and his Sacred Iraperial Majesty takes upon hiraself the burden of Indemnifying all who raay now or hereafter raake any pretension to the sarae Duchy of Montferrat, so that his Royal Highness, and his heirs, and suc- 5y2 910 translations. cessors raay always reraain in peaceable possession of the said Duchy, and that they be not hereafter ever molested on any pretence whatever. Article 6. Furtherraore, his Iraperial Majesty, to render his remunera tion the raore adequate to the service redounding to his raost august House, and the coraraon cause, by the said sacrifice of his Royal Highness, and also for other causes and motives beforeraentioned, cedes and transfers to his Royal Highness, bis heirs, and successors, together with all property, dorainion, and jurisdiction, the Provinces of Alexandria and Valenza with all the lands lying within the Po and the Tanaro, also the Province which is called Luraelline, and the Valley of Sesia, with all the towns, castles, villages, lands, places, royalties, rents, and generally all rights and Interests whatsoever per taining thereto or dependent thereon, nothing excepted ; so likewise to be held and possessed under the Eraperors and Sacred Roman Empire, as the late Kings of Spain held and possessed the sarae, or should have held and possessed them ; to which end his Sacred Iraperial Majesty separates for ever the aforesaid territories and places frora the State of Milan, and derogates, as rauch as is for this required, frora all that which may in any raanner be or be thought contrary to the aforesaid cession and separation, still saving throughout the direct dominion of the Empire as above ; and where araongst the aforesaid regions ceded as above, sorae villages or places may be found intermixed with them, or boundaries Including the whole, but not depending on them, so as they be not a- bove four, they shall be comprehended under this cession ; but If the number exceed four villages or places, a reasonable ex change shall be made for those which exceed by a just arbi tration of Commissioners for that purpose by both parties. Article 7. And whereas his Sacred Iraperial Majesty had already de terrained with hiraself the transfer to his Royal Highness of the aforesaid Provinces or members of the State of Milan, and to that end had given Instruction and authority to the Count d'Aversperg, by virtue of his full powers, to cede those afore said provinces to his Royal Highness; He now further pro mises that he will procure, within the space of 3 months next ensuing, from his Most Serene son the Archduke Charles, al ready proclaimed King of Spain, the ratification of this treaty, and in particular of the abovementioned cession of the afore said portions of the State of Milan, as to a thing at this con juncture of the tiraes very profitable to the King and his jreneral interests. translations, 941 Article 8. The towns of Alexandria and Valenza are to be ceded, to gether with the fortifications. In the state in which they now are, but the fortifications Immediately on the conclusion of peace shall be razed to the ground at the expense of his Royal Highness, leaving only a simple wall, and shall never be re built ; as regards Casal, It Is thought advisable that It shall always reraain and be kept In that state to which It was redu ced at the tirae of its surrender In the year 1 695 ; however It shall be perraitted to his Royal Highness to intrench the afore said city with a siraple wall, but It shall not be permitted to his said Royal Highness, or his successors, to erect other for tresses In the aforesaid ceded places. For the rest all the towns, places, and forts above ceded shall be given up to his Royal Highness with all the cannon, victual, corn, arms, and other military stores belonging to those places, and with their official records and archives. Article 9. A free passage shall be open through Montferrat, as often as need shall be, for conducting military forces from the State of Milan to Finale, and towards the dominion of Genoa, and by turns frora the dorainion of Genoa and Finale to Mi lan, and that by the shortest way possible, to define which Coramissioners shall be deputed from each party, who shall together specially deterraine on the regulation of such passage, namely, to what forces and whither tending It shall be granted, how long time shall Intervene between two passages, and how the notification Is to be forwarded. Such forces shall pay as they pass for their food and entertainraent the current price, and whatever belongs to thera shall be conveyed by that way. There shall also remain a free passage for conveying salt from the dominion of Genoa to the State of Milan, and for ever free from all custom due to his Royal Highness ; so however that It shall be lawful to his said Royal Highness by all raeans to prevent such salt being expended in his States. Article 10. The aforesaid cessions shall take their full effect whatever tirae and raanner the present war be finished after the sign ing of this Treaty, so that whatsoever peace or coraposltion follow, his Sacred Iraperial Majesty shall defend those ces sions, and the aforesaid lands shall reraain for ever ceded to his Royal Highness and his successors. Article 11. His Sacred Iraperial Majesty shall be bound to give to his Royal Highness actual and full possession and the entire pro- 942 translations. perty of the states above ceded, as they shall successively be occupied, for obtaining which with all expedition no forces shall be spared, always having regard to the common good and mutual necessity according to the disposition of the third article. Article 12, His Iraperial Majesty willeth also that the diploraa which he granted to bis Royal Highness, the 8th of February in the above year 1690, for the acquisition of certain fiefs therein set forth, shall remain throughout in Its entire force, and take Its full effect, so that no prejudice be ever done to the tenor thereof on any account ; wherefore he expressly confirms it In the present article, and by virtue hereof likewise transfers to his Royal Highness all right or exercise of right in those fiefs which may fall to the State of Milan by any prescription or title whatsoever, and at the sarae tirae fully releases his Royal Highness frora all debt which he may by any means still owe to bira for the concession of the said diploma, as likewise his Royal Highness on his part renounces all debts which raay remain due to hira frora the Iraperial Comralssa riat. Article 13. His Sacred Iraperial Majesty engages for himself, and his successors, that he will preserve the right of his Royal High ness to the succession of the Spanish Monarchy, according to the testamentary declaration of the late Philip IV, King of Spain, of glorious meraory, competent, entire, and untouched, and that he will not consent, in war or in treaty of future peace or composition, that any prejudice be offered thereto, nor will ever perrait that before his Royal Highness any third claim ant be introduced to the aforesaid Monarchy, or any part thereof. But for the greater security of the said rights, and for the security and preservation of the natural position of the House of Savoy and Its dorainions, and as it Is of the greatest importance that the communication between thera and his most August House and the Roraan Erapire should never be severed, his Sacred Iraperial Majesty proraises that In the let ters of Investiture of the above ceded States he will recognise the sarae right of bis Royal Highness to succeed to the Spa nish Monarchy, as iraraediate after his raost August House, with addition of a clause, that his Royal Highness and his suc cessors be now, so far as is needful for such event, considered and reraain as invested therewith. Article 14. His Royal Highness renounces for hiraself, his heirs, and successors all rights and actions which accrue or raay accrue to hira and them by reason of the dowry and residuary reve- TRANSLATIONS. 943 nues of the deceased Infanta Catharine, daughter of the late Catholic King Philip II, Duchess of Savoy ; and his Royal Highness declares for hiraself, and his heirs, that dowry, and residuary pensions to be fully corapensated and paid by the abovementioned cessions ; so that under this head neither he nor his successors at any time whatsoever raay or ought to de raand anything frora the crown of Spain. Article 15. When, by the blessing of Divine Providence, Spanish Lora bardy shall have been recovered by the arras of the Erapire and Savoy, all the forces shall be eraployed, not only in reco vering the other Kingdoras and Provinces of the Spanish Do minion In Italy, (reserving however continually, for the safe guard of Piedmont and of the State of Milan, that array of 20,000 Iraperialists, whereof above In the second Article,) but also In acquiring that district which Is situated on this side Mount Geneuro, whereby the coraraon security raay be the more confirraed, and every place for the subsistence of the French array on this side ofthe Alps taken away, but the ac quisition of that district between Piedraont and Mount Gen euro shall belong to his Royal Highness only, and his succes sors; and bis Sacred Imperial Majesty, as well in his own name as In that of his allies, proraises to use all diligence iu future treaties of peace that this acquisition may remain en tire and unshaken to the most Serene Duke. Article 16. His Imperial Majesty shall ratify the present Treaty In his own and In the name of the Erapire, and shall concede to his Royal Highness, on his request, the investitures ofthe States and dominions ceded, according to the tenor of the Investi tures granted by Charles V to Philip II, and his successors, and the Dukes of Mantua respectively, with the sole restric tion to the male line, as well of the Most Serene Duke as of the Princes of this House ; In like raanner his Sacred Iraperial Majesty shall be bound to Invest his Royal Highness, accord ing to the forra and tenor of Investiture already granted by Ferdinand II, in the year 1632, with that part of Montferrat also which was before possessed by his Royal Highness, and was acquired by virtue of the peace of Westphalia confirraa- tory of the Treaty of Cherasco. Article 17. Furtherraore, his Sacred Iraperial Majesty shall be bound to obtain the approbation of this treaty frora the Most Serene Queen of Great Britain, the States-General of the United 944 TRANSLATIONS. Provinces, and the other allied Princes, so tiiat they may take the aforesaid cessions into their care and protection, and de fend thera so as they raay corae to full effect, by whatever raeans peace or agreeraent shall follow ; and for the greater security of this article, the said cessions shall be included in the prellralnary conditions, without which no treaty of peace shall be entered upon ; Likewise the said Powers shall engage themselves In the same manner and form as his Iraperial Ma jesty has engaged hiraself In the 15th Article concerning tiic acquisition and raaintenance of the lands situated on this side Mount Geneuro in favour of his Royal Highness ; and fur ther, they shall oblige themselves specially as to their proper deed to preserve the Iraraediate right to the Spanish Monarchy inviolate to his Royal Highness after the august House of Austria, and never to condescend unto or enter upon any treaty, whereby this right shall be in any raanner prejudiced, or any third Prince introduced before the House of Savoy into any of the aforesaid states of the Spanish Monarchy, Article 18, His Sacred Imperial Majesty and his allies will enter Into no peace, conventions, or truces, except his Royal Highness be restored to all places and dominions which haply may be occupied by the eneray, so that this restitution shall be inser ted likewise In the preliminary conditions, without which they shall not be able to proceed to the said treaties. Article 19. Whereas his Sacred Iraperial Majesty and the allied power shall be quite unable to enter into any peace, agreeraent, or anything else, without Including his Royal Highness in the raanner aforesaid ; so, on the other hand, his Royal Highness shall be bound to adhere Inseparably, and to reraain united to his Sacred Iraperial Majesty and the coramon alliance, and to aid their cause with his arras, till the conclusion of peace ; nor shall it be lawful for him, on any account, to separate him self from them. And this Is one of the principal conditions, and as It Is called a sine qua non of the aforesaid cessions, which shall receive their ultiraate and full force and effect only from the entire and accurate accomplishment of this condition. We, the Plenipotentiaries aforesaid, by virtue of our res pective instructions, have concluded and confirmed the present treaty, and thereto have affixed the seals of our arms ; pro mising that we will procure the ratifications of our respective raasters authorizing us ; that of his Sacred Iraperial Majesty within 3 weeks, and that of his raost Serene Royal Highness TRANSLATIONS. 945 within 8 days. Dated at Turin the 8th day of November In the year 1703. Il Conte d'Auersperg. Il Me di Prie. De St. Thomas. L, S, L, S, L, S. Third Article. The knowledge which her Britannic Majesty has ofthe im portant services which his Royal Highness has rendered, and may render, to the coraraon cause, induces her to desire the extension of his dorainions and of his forces, that he raay have further raeans of being useful thereto, and wishing to give hira a raore particular proof of the great Interest she takes therein, obliges herself and proraises expressly to guarantee and raaintain all the cessions raade by the Eraperor in favour of his Royal Highness, and his successors, by virtue of the a- foresaid "Treaty ofthe 8th of Noveraber 1703, viz., of the part of the Duchy of Montferrat with which the-Dukes of Mantua were forraerly Invested, of the Provinces of Alexandria and Valenza with all the lands which lie between the Po and the Tanaro, of the Province of Luraelline, of the Valley of Sesia, and of the lands which shall be included within the aforesaid ceded countries, in all and throughout as It Is set forth and explained by the 5th and 6th articles of the aboveraentioned treaty, so that the said cessions shall always take their full effect, whatever be the treaty of peace or agreeraent conclu ded, declaring that they shall be included in the preliminaries as one of the conditions, without which a negociation for peace shall never be entertained. Fourth Article. Furthermore, her Britannic Majesty promises never to have a hand In or conclude any treaty of peace, agreeraent, or truce, unless his Royal Highness be entirely re-established In all the States which the eneray raay occupy, which restitution of states so occupied shall also be coraprised in the prellrainarles as Is set forth In the preceding article. Fifth Article. Moreover, her Britannic Majesty, having all that concerns the public interest rauch at heart, and particularly desiring by all raeans to contribute to the security of the States of his Royal Highness, by depriving France of the footing which she has on the hither side of the Alps, and raaking Mount Geneuro a barrier against that crown, engages herself to use all her endeavours In the treaty of general peace for the ac quisition of the district which Is on the hither side of Mount Geneuro to the advantage of his Royal Highness, so that he 5z 946 translations. and his successors raay enjoy the whole sovereignty thereof for ever. Sixth Article. Her Britannic Majesty, aware of the known and Incontest- ible right which belongs to his Royal Highness, and which was declared by the will of Philip IV, King of Spain, of glo rious raeraory, to the succession of the Spanish Monarchy, iraraediately after the House of Austria, engages herself spe cially, as to her proper deed, to maintain it Inviolate, promi sing that she will never consent to any treaty of peace or agreement, and will never sign any, whereby any prejudice shall be done to the said right, and that she will never permit that any third Prince be Introduced before his Royal Highness and established In any of the dorainions of the said Spanish Monarchy. Seventh Article. Her Britannic Majesty, to give his Royal Highness some real proof of her friendship, and of the Interest which she takes for his protection, and to furnish hira the raeans of bet ter contributing to the good of the coramon cause, obliges herself to give him a subsidy of 66,666 crowns and two-thirds at once, solely for the first expenses of this war, and further, she settles on hira a raonthly subsidy of 53,333 crowns and one third ; which she proraises always to pay punctually two raonths in advance In this present city of Turin, coraputing the crown at the rate of 82 sols current raoney of Piedraont, and that to coraraence frora the 3rd of October last 1703, the day of the declaration of his Royal Highness against France, and to continue during the course of the present war, and two raonths after. Eighth Article. In consideration of the subsidy specified in the preceding article, and of that of 26,666| crowns, to which their High Mightinesses, the Lords the States-General of the United Provinces of the Low Countries, shall oblige themselves by the Treaty which his Royal Highness shall also conclude with thera, raaking In all the sura of 80,000 crowns per raonth, his said Royal Highness obliges hiraself always to keep on foot a body of his own troops of 15,000 raen, viz. 12,000 foot and 3,000 horse, and raore If he shall be able, during the course of the present war ; of which body of 15,000 raen, he shall eraploy yearly in the field the greatest nuraber which the Interest of the coraraon cause shall require, having regard to the security of his fortresses. His said Royal Highness further undertakes to cause arras, victual, and araraunition to be furnished to all the refugees who shall come to serve translations. 947 in the Valleys, also, during the course of the present war, so that they raay be usefully eraployed to the service of the common cause. Ninth Article. As a greater mark of the zeal which his Royal Highness has to cement raore firraly by every raeans this strict union and correspondence with her Britannic Majesty, his said Royal Highness, desiring that It raay pass also araong the subjects of both parties, by the Introduction of commerce, which her said Majesty has likewise indicated that she wished for the reciprocal advantage of both nations, proraises to give every protection for the good success of the said coraraerce. He will to that end coraraand the regulation of the tariff of the customs on merchandize of England and Ireland which shall come into his States, observing the same proportion with respect to thera as for those wares which corae frora France and other foreign countries. In consideration of their quality and their price ; and In respect of transit goods, he will reduce the transit impost to a third less than Is set forth by the tariff. We, the Plenipotentiaries aforesaid, by virtue of our res pective full powers, have concluded, agreed, and signed the present treaty ; and have set thereto the seal of our arras, promising respectively the entire and Inviolable observation thereof, and undertaking to supply the ratifications thereof, in good and due forra, viz., that of her Britannic Majesty In six weeks, and that of his Royal Highness In eight days. Done at Turin, the 4th day of the raonth of August, in the year of Grace 1704. Rich" Hill. C, E'' D. Vernon. L. S, L, S, Anne, by the Grace of God, Queen of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c, : To all and singular to whora the present letters shall corae. Greeting. Whereas all our counsels tend especially to that end, that the public safety of all Europe be considered, and thereto it is of the utraost iraportance, that a treaty of more strict alliance, and more Intiraate friendship, be with all possible speed made and concluded between us, and the raost Serene Prince Lord Victor Araedeus, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piedmont, Marquis of Saluzzo, Ceva, Count of Geneva, Lord of Vercelli, our dearest Brother, Cousin and Friend ; And Whereas the pains of one well versed In arduous affairs raust necessarily be eraployed in so excellent .a work ; Know ye, therefore, that we, having very great confidence in the fidel ity, industry, experience, and prudence of our faithful and 5z2 948 translations, beloved Richard HIU, Esq,, our Envoy Extraordinary to the aforesaid most Serene Prince, have norainated, raade, and constituted, and by these presents do norainate, make, and constitute hira our true, certain, and undoubted Proctor, Coraraissary, and Plenipotentiary, giving and granting to hira all, and all raanner of license, power, and authority, and a coraraand both general and special, for us and In our narae, with the aforesaid most Serene Prince the Duke of Savoy, or his Minister or Ministers, furnished also with full power in all and singular the things which shall appertain to the en tering upon such treaty of raore strict alliance and intimate friendship between us and the aforesaid raost Serene Prince, to agree, treat, and conclude, and whatsoever shall be so treated and concluded in our narae to sign, and mutually to exchange, and all other things which it shall be requisite and convenient to do to that end to execute and perform. In as ample manner and forra as we ourselves if we were present could do and perforra thera : Proraising and engaging on the word ofa Sovereign that whatsoever by our said Plenipotentiary by virtue of these presents shall be concluded, we will ratify, approve, and acceptin the best raanner possible, and that what soever In our narae shall be proraised, we will religiously and Inviolably observe, and cause to be observed. For the greater witness and testimony whereof we have caused these letters, signed with our Royal hand, to be sealed with our great seal of England. Dated at our castle of Windsor, 26th July, A. D., 1703, and of our Reign the second. Anna R. L, S, Victor Araedeus II, by the grace of God, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piedmont, King of Cyprus, &c. Having nothing raore at heart than at the present conjuncture to unite our selves In the strongest raanner with her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, by entering into the treaty of the Grand AUi- ance concluded at the Hague, 7th Septeraber, 1701, and to act in concert with her for peace and the coraraon safety a- gainst the violences and vast designs of France, we have given, and give, by these presents signed by our hand, to the Count de Vernon, Gentleraan of our Charaber, whose zeal, fidelity, and ability are known to us, an araple and full power to ne gotiate, agree, and conclude with the Sieur HIU, Seigneur of Hawkstone and Atchara, a Lordof the Adrairalty of England, and Envoy Extraordinary of her Britannic Majesty, likewise erapowered with necessary full powers frora her said Majesty, a Treaty of Alliance between her said Britannic Majesty and us, and that under such conditions, compacts, and conventions as shall be respectively and generaUy expedient, to negotiate translations. 949 and conclude everything which shall be deemed Instrumental to the abo^esaid effect, and to sign the said treaty In our narae, with the sarae authority as we could or should do it ourselves if we were present thereat In person, though there should be some things which raight require a raore special coraraandraent than Is expressed herein : Proraising, on the faith aud word of a Prince, to accept, ratify, and confirra all which shall have been done, proraised, concluded, agreed, and signed by the said Count de Vernon, and to approve and ratify It article by article in the terras In which It shall be concluded, without Infringing the sarae, or perraltting that It be Infringed directly or indi rectly in any raanner whatever. In witness whereof we have signed these presents, and thereunto caused our secret seal to be affixed. Given at the Carap of Crescentin, this 27th July, 1704. V. Amede. L, S, Audiberti. We, liking well the abovesaid Treaty In all and every one of the points which are therein contained and declared, have ac cepted, approved, ratified and confirraed, and do accept, ap prove, ratify and confirra the same, and proraise In the faith and word of a Prince to fulfil and observe the whole invio lably, without going or coraing to the contrary directly or Indirectly, or perraltting It to be Infringed In any way and manner whatsoever. In vritness whereof we have signed these presents with our hand, and have caused the seal of our arras to be set thereto. Given at the Carap of Crescentin, the 10th day of the raonth of August, the year of grace, 1704. (Signed) V. Amede. (Signed) Audiberti. Victor Araedeus II, by the Grace of God, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piedraont, King of Cyprus, &c.. To all who shall see these presents. Greeting. — Having seen the secret articles which the Corate de Vernon, Gentleman of our Charaber, in virtue of the full power which we have given hira, has conclu ded, agreed, and signed the 4th day of this raonth, in the City of Turin, with the Sieur HIU, Lord of Hawkstone and Atchara, a Lord of the Adrairalty of England, and Envoy Extraordina ry of her Britannic Majesty, likewise erapowered with the ne cessary full powers of her said Majesty, the tenor of which articles follows. Besides the treaty which has this day been^concluded and signed between her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, and his Royal Highness of Savoy, by their Plenipotentiaries, viz., on the part of her Britannic Majesty by the Sieur HIU, and 950 translations. onthe part of his Royal Highness by the Sieur Comte de Ver non, the sarae Plenipotentiaries have agreed on the following secret articles. First Article. Her Britannic Majesty, having undertaken by the said treaty, signed this day, to ratify and guarantee the treaty concluded between his Iraperial Majesty, the 8th Noveraber, 1703, con descends to proraise also, as she does proraise by this present article, likewise to ratify and guarantee, as well generally, as specially, as she does hereafter, the secret articles which were concluded the same day between his said Imperial Majesty, and his said Royal Highness, whereof the tenor follows. Besides the treaty of alliance between his Sacred Imperial Majesty, and his Royal Highness the Duke of Savoy, this day concluded and signed by the Plenipotentiaries of both parties, viz., on the part of his Sacred Imperial Majesty, by the most illustrious and most excellent Lord the Count of Auersperg, and on the part of his Royal Highness, by the most illustrious and raost excellent Lords the Marquis de Prie, and Marquis de St. Thoraas, the following secret articles have been agreed upon. Article I. Where in the fourteenth article of the above said treaty, which treats of the renunciation to be raade by his Royal Highness of all and every the rights and pretensions or inter ests in the dowry which raay accrue to hira frora the most Se rene Infanta Catharine, daughter of Phihp II, late King of Spain, Duchess of Savoy, for certain causes it was thought good to orait the exception below written : It Is here special- ly declared that the sura of 200,000 crowns of gold be except ed frora the sarae renunciation which was assigned out of those dues and dotal revenues of the raost Serene Infanta Catharine, of .raost pious raeraory, by bis Royal Highness to his second daughter, the raostS erene Princess Louisa Gabriella, for a dow ry, and so that the dowry shall always reraain whole to this Princess, and the pledge reraain secure which was given to her for security of the said dower in the marriage treaty of 1701, July 23. Article II. Whereas his Royal Highness, besides the cessions expressed byjthe aforesaid treaty of alUance, desired to have the province or dorainion of Vigevano, comraonly called Vigevinasco, and besides five towns situated in the Novarese territory, namely, Prarola, Palestro, Rivoltella, Rosasco, and Langosco, transfer red to hira and his successors, but certain difficulties arose with respect to these places; hisSacred ImperialMajesty,raind- ful of the generosity and constancy with which his Royal TRANSLATIONS. 951 Highness exposed and incessantly exposes hiraself to the great est perils and losses for the coraraon cause, and desiring to confer on the sarae more ample effects of his munificence, declares^ that he will cede and assign to the sarae and his successors, not only for the abovesaid five towns, but also for the territory or province of Vigevinasco, other places of the sarae value and estiraatlon, but having respect as well to the nuraber of villa ges and subjects, as to the araount of the revenues, and to the space and extent of the places, in the state of Milan, and in situations contiguous to the territory of his Royal Highness, and that with the full transfer of the property, dorainion, and jurisdiction In the sarae forra and raanner In which the other cessions were raade ; .A.rticle III. It seemed likewise good here to declare, that, under the name of principal allies, who by virtue of the I7th article of the aforesaid treaty are to be called to the guarantee thereof, his Royal Highness understands the Electors of the Sacred Roman Erapire allied with his Sacred Iraperial Majesty, so his Sacred Imperial Majesty, In case his Royal Highness shall think it pertinent, shall both Invite the aforesaid Lords Elect ors to the said guarantee, and also earnestly exhort them with all his infiuence and authority to undertake it. Article IV. Where In the second article of this treaty his Royal High ness took upon hiraself the obligation to keep up a force of 15,000 raen in his own pay, nevertheless he shall be deemed free and exerapt frora that obligation, according to equity, as often as by the occupation of his States which raay befal hira during this war the execution of the sarae obliga tion shall becorae irapossible to bira, nor shall such involuntary and constrained dirainution be considered In any even the least defect or non-perforraance of his obligation, nor deprive his same Royal Highness of any of the cessions proraised to hira by this treaty, as also on the other hand It shall not be Irapu ted or accounted as a fault to his Sacred Iraperial Majesty, If haply he shall not be able to increase bis forces, now stationed in Piedmont, by the necessary relnforceraents to the nuraber expressed in the Treaty, on account of the ways being occu pied by a superior force, in which case, however, his Sacred Imperial Majesty shall nevertheless be bound to hold the said contingents ready In Lorabardy, and furnished beforehand with all the raeans for the transit, that when occasion serves they raay be able to be led over into Piedmont without delay. 952 TRANSLATIONS. Article V. When Lorabardy and the two Sicilies shall be recovered, his Sacred Iraperial Majesty, together with his Royal High ness, will turn their arras against France, and whatsoever shall be occupied in Franche Corate, or the Duchy of Burgundy, shall belong to tbe Most August House of Austria ; but what soever shall be acquired In Pragellas, Dauphiny, and Provence, or elsewhere, that he will cede to his Royal Highness ; and his Sacred Iraperial Majesty proraises, as well In his own narae, as in that of tbe Erapire and of the Allies, that all diligence and endeavours shall be eraployed In the future pacification, that his Royal Highness shall be raaintained In these acqui sitions. Which articles we, the aforesaid Plenipotentiaries, by vir tue of our coraraissions, have concluded and signed, and they shall have just the sarae force and effect as the treaty itself this day signed. Proraising likewise to procure the ratifica tion of our respective Masters who coraraissioned us ; that of his Sacred Iraperial Majesty within three weeks, and that of his Royal Highness within eight days. Dated at Turin, the 8th day of November, in the year, 1703. Il Conte d'Auersperg. Il Me di Prie. De St. Thomas. L. S. L, S, L. S, Second Article. The motive which has Induced her Britannic Majesty to oblige herself expressly by the third article of the said treaty, signed this day, to guarantee and maintain all the cessions made by his Imperial Majesty In favour of his Royal Highness, by the fifth and sixth articles of the abovesaid treaty, of the 8th of Noveraber, 1703, induces her said Britannic Majesty to pro- raise, as she promises expressly by the present article, to gua rantee and maintain the declaration of his Iraperial Majesty, raade by the second of the said secret articles concluded be tween hira and his Royal Highness In favor of his said Royal Highness, that he would cede and assign to hira for the coun try or province of Vigevinasco, and for the five estates therein mentioned, an equivalent as it Is set forth by the sarae article. Third Article. Furthermore, her Britannic Majesty, obliges herself expres sly by this present article, that in case by the fortune of war they should succeed in obtaining Pragelas, Dauphiny, and Pro vence, or a part of those countries, to use all her efforts at the first treaty for a general peace, that his Royal Highness and bis successors may reraain in the peaceable possession and free sovereignty of the said conquered Provinces. And even in TRANSLATIONS. 953 case that, by the fortune of arras, his Royal Highness should not have obtained the said countries, her Britannic Majesty engages herself further to use the sarae efforts, that the said countries may be restored to his said Royal Highness, and particularly that portion which is situated on this side Mount Geneuro, on account of the great necessity there is for the safety of his Royal Highness, as well as for the coraraon safety, that the said Mount Geneuro should serve as a barrier against France, and that there should no footing reraain to her on this side the Alps, as It Is set forth by the fifth article of the said treaty signed this day. His Royal Highness proraises on his part to permit all those of the Protestant Religion, who have been obliged to depart from the abovesaid countries, to re turn thither, and again Inhabit and enjoy the goods which they shall therein acquire, with the free exercise of their religion, as they exercised the same before their departure, his said Royal Highness granting the sarae privileges to all others of the said Religion who shall come to inhabit the said countries, with the condition, however, that neither one nor other of them shall attempt, In any manner, to pervert the CathoUcs in their religion, nor to cause them any damage in their goods, of whatsoever nature they be.- Fourth Article. His said Royal Highness obliges himself also to confirm, as he does confirm, by this present article, the Secret Article of the 20th October, 1690 hereinafter recited, as well as the Edict of May 23rd, 1694, relative to the restoration of the Vaudois ; which Edict shall have all the same force and va lidity with the said Secret Article, as if it were likewise in serted here word for word. SECRET ARTICLE concerning the Vaudois, concluded at the Hague, between the Ministers of his Britannic Majesty and their High Mightinesses the States-General of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, on the one part, and the Presi dent de la Tour, Envoy of his Royal Highness the Duke of Savoy, on the other part. His Royal Highness, who has already taken those of his subjects who profess the religion ofthe Waldenses Into favour, and received thera under his Royal protection, and who every day obtains fresh proofs of their fidelity and attachment to his service, declares by the present Article, which shall have the sarae force and validity as If it were inserted in the treaty, or in its annexes, concluded this day between the King of Great Britain and the States-General of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, on the one part, and his Royal Highness on the other, that at the Instance, and In consideration of his 6a ^S^i TRANSLATIONS, Britannic Majesty and of their High Mightinesses, his Royal Highness has revoked, and hereby does revoke, the decree is sued against the said Vaudois, dated the 31st January 1686, and all other edicts or orders whatsoever given for the execu tion of the above decree ; has exempted, and does exempt, them from the consequences of all contraventions of those ordinances, and grants thera for this purpose, as long as it is or shall be necessary, full and entire pardon for them, so that it shall not be lawful to sue, generally or separately, in any manner whatsoever, either themselves or any others that raay have assisted or abetted thera. That his Royal Highness de sires all prisoners to be set at Uberty, and that aU children, of both sexes and of all ages, and In whatever place they may be, shall be restored without paying any costs or expenses, and shall be left at full liberty to return with their parents, and to profess their religion ; nor shall it be lawful to disturb or prosecute either thera or others on account of any abjura tion which they have raade. That his Royal Highness pre serves and replaces them, their children, and their poster ity, in the possession of all and of each of their ancient rights, edicts, usages and privileges, as well in regard to their abodes, their trade, and the exercise of their religion, as to every other purpose; re-establishes thera in, and restores thera to all their property, estates, houses, inheritances, claims, interests, and actions, and In and to all other objects In being, and which they raay be able to substantiate by any proof to have belonged to thera previous to the said Order of January 31, 1686. That iraraediately after the ratification of the prin cipal Treaty, and of the present Article, his Royal Highness will, in conformity with the present Article, cause to be pro mulgated letters patent, In the shape of an Edict, in favour of the said Vaudois his subjects, and of other persons of that re ligion, who shall be willing to settle in the said Valleys, on taking the accustomed oath of fidelity as loyal subjects of his Royal Highness, which letters patent his said Royal High ness will cause to be entered and authenticated by the Senate, and by the Board of Accounts at Turin, and wherever it shall be necessary ; and finally, the Ministers of his Britannic Ma jesty, and of their High Mightinesses, shall be instructed and authorized to regulate, according to the ancient edicts, rights, and concessions, with the Ministers of his Royal Highness, the particulars of things, and whatever may have been left out and oraitted. In order to provide for the security of the said Vaudois under this Article, as also for the execution of the sarae in respect of raatters concerning their religion, and re lative to their property, rights, and all other objects. The said Plenipotentiaries here mentioned have promised, and do pro- TRANSLATIONS. 955 raise, respectively, in the name of their raasters and principals, to cause the contents of the present Article to be Inviolably observed, and to procure ratifications of thera. In good and due form, within two months, or sooner If possible. In faith of which they have signed the present Article, and affixed to It the seals of their arms. Done at the Hague, the 20th of October, 1690. L, S, Ph. de la Tour. We, the above Plenipotentiaries have, in virtue of our res pective full powers, concluded, agreed upon, and signed the present articles, which shall have the sarae force and validity as those of the treaty signed by us this day, and have caused the seals of our arras to be affixed to thera ; proraising also, respectively, entire and inviolable observance, and binding ourselves in the sarae raanner to furnish the ratifications of them in good and due form, namely, from her Britannic Ma jesty within six weeks, and frora his Royal Highness in eight days. Done at Turin, the 4th day of August, in the year of our Lord, 1704. Rich". Hill. C. El de Vernon. L, S. L. S. We, liking well the abovesaid articles In all and every ene of the points which are therein contained and declared, have accepted, approved, ratified, and confirraed, and do accept, approve, ratify, and confirra the sarae, and proraise In the faith and word of a Prince to fulfil and observe the whole Inviola bly, without going or coraing to the contrary directly or indi rectly, or perraltting it to be infringed In any way and raanner whatsever. In witness whereof we have signed these pre sents with our hand, and have caused the seal of our arras to be set thereto. Given at the camp of Crescentin, the 10th day of the raonth of August, the year of grace, 1704. (Signed) V, Amede. (Signed) Audiberti. {Ratification ofthe Separate Article between Great Bri tain and Savoy, Crescentin, 2lst Nov,, 1704.- see p, 795.) Victor Araedeus II, by the grace of God, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piedraont, King of Cyprus, &c. To all persons who shall see these presents. Greeting. Having seen the se parate article which the Corate de Vernon, Gentleraan of our Chamber, in virtue of the full power which we have given to 6a2 956 TRANSLATIONS. him for that purpose, has concluded, agreed, and signed, the 18th day of this month, in the city of Turin, with the Sieur HIU, Seigneur of Hawkstone and Atchara, a Lord of the Ad miralty of England, and Envoy Extraordinary of her Britan nic Majesty, likewise erapowered with the necessary full powers of her said Majesty, the tenor of which article follows : Whereas, In the Treaty of Alliance made and signed at Turin by the Plenipotentiaries of her Britannic Majesty, the Queen of Great Britain, and of his Royal Highness of Savoy, the 4th day of August, 1704, certain articles ofthe treaty ofthe Grand Alliance, raade and concluded at the Hague, the 7th Sep teraber, 1701, between his Imperial Majesty, his Britannic Ma jesty, and the States-General ofthe Low Countries, were inser ted as an essential part of the sarae Treaty, raade at Turin the 4th August, 1704, and whereas there was an Article added to the said Treaty ofthe Grand AUIance, made at the Hague the seventh of Septeraber, 1701, to the observation whereof the Emperor, the Queen of England, and the States-General have mutually obliged themselves, by the signatures of their Pleni potentiaries, and by their proper ratifications In the year 1702, Be it known unto all that we, the undersigned Plenipotentia ries of her Majesty, the Queen of Great Britain, and of his Royal Highness of Savoy, have added the sarae article to the abovesaid Treaty, raade at Turin the 4th August 1704, as an essential part thereof, in the terras and tenor following : Forasrauch as since the Treaty between his Sacred Imperial Majesty, his Sacred Royal Majesty the late deceased King of Great Britain, and the High and Mighty Lords the States- General of the Low Countries, raade and signed at the Hague the 7th day of the raonth of Septeraber, 1701, the raost Christain King has arrogated so rauch to hiraself as to acknow ledge the pretended Prince of Wales, and to declare him King of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and by that deed has offer ed an Intolerably grievous and sharaeful Insult to the said de ceased King, to the Queen of Great Britain, and to the whole British nation ; It is therefore agreed and concluded between the aforesaid allies, his Sacred Iraperial Majesty, her Sacred Royal Majesty, the Queen of Great Britain, and the High and Mighty Lords the States-General of the Low Countries, by this present Article (which shall be of like and fully equal power, efficacy and force, as If it had been Inserted from the first In the abovesaid Treaty) that no peace whatsoever shall be raade with France, before reparation raade to her Sacred Majesty, the Queen of Great Britain aforesaid, for the sarae atrocious Insult. To the participation of the present treaty, the Kings and TRANSLATIONS. 957 Princes, who have already acceded to the treaty Itself, or shall hereafter accede to It, shall be invited. This Article shall be ratified within the space of one month, or sooner If possible. In testimony whereof, in the sarae raanner as In the above- said treaty, six instruraents of this article were prepared, two whereof the underwritten Plenipotentiary of his Sacred Ira perial Majesty, one at London, the other at the Hague, two others the Plenipotentiary of her Sacred Majesty, the Queen of Great Britain, and the two last the Deputies of the Lords the States-General have subscribed, and confirraed with their seals. At the Hague, the 12th day of April, In the year 1702. Petrus Comes a Goessen. L, S. Joannes Wenceslaus. L. S. Comes Wratislau. We, the Plenipotentiaries abovesaid. In virtue of our res pective full powers, have concluded and signed the present separate article, and have caused the seal of our arras to be set thereto, proraising to supply the respective ratifications thereof; viz., that of her Britannic Majesty in six weeks, and that of his Royal Highness In eight days. Done at Turin, this 18th Noveraber, 1704. L. S. Richard Hill. L. S. C, E^ D. Vernon. We, liking well the abovesaid separate article, in all its con tents, have accepted, approved, ratified, and confirraed, and do accept, approve, ratify, and confirra the sarae ; promising in the faith and word of a Prince to keep and observe it Inviolably, without going or coraing to the contrary, directly or Indirectly, or perraltting it to be Infringed In any way and manner what soever. In witness whereof we have signed these presents with our hand, and have caused the seal of our arras to be set thereto. Given at tbe Carap of Crescentin, the 21st day of the month of November, 1704. (Signed) V. Amede. (Signed) Audiberti. {The Duke of Savoy to King William III: see page 797.) Turin, March 16th, 1697. Monseigneur, I flatter myself that the hurable duty which I have had the honour of paying to your Majesty, and ray faithful assurances of the part which I shall always take in your glory and advantage, will not be effaced frora your generous heart ; but that, on the contrary, I may hope that your Ambassadors 958 translations. and Plenipotentiaries for the general peace will support my interests tiierein, and the representations of those, whom I shall send to advocate thera, since that they will ask nothing but what is reasonable and founded on treaties. I raost res pectfully and earnestly entreat your Majesty to give them orders to that effect, and to continue to me the honour of your powerful protection, which I will always endeavour to merit by every care and duty, being, with the greatest respect and truth. Your Majesty's Most humble and affectionate servant and cousin. {King William III to the Duke of Savoy: see p, 799.) Williara the third, by the Grace of God, King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender ofthe Faith, &c., to his raost Serene Highness, Lord Victor Araedeus, Duke of Savoy, Prince of Piedraont, Marquis of Saluzzo, of Cena, Coimt of Ge neva, Lord of Vercelli, our brother, kinsraan, and very dear friend. Greeting : Since those events, raost Serene Prince, our brother, kinsman, and very dear friend, which prosperously befal your Highness, affect us with no ordinary pleasure, the occasion for offering our congratulations which it has pleased the Most High God to furnish, by Increasing your raost Serene HIghness'sfamily, with the birth ofa son, has been exceedingly agreeable to us. In order that your Highness raay be better certified how rauch we have shared in your rejoicing, we have thought fit to send to you our well beloved and right trusty Richard Hill, Esquire, with the title of our Envoy Extraordi nary, to give you a more full detail, as well of our great joy upon this special raark of the favour of heaven, as of the warm and lasting friendship with which we regard yourself. And we do not doubt that your Highness will be pleased to repose full and entire confidence in bira, as one that is to express the feeUngs of our mind more at large. For the rest, we heartily pray the God of all goodness and greatness, that your dear offspring may be preserved to your Highness, and be an object of the 'greatest delight for your most Illustrious line to be extended frora hira to a remote descent of posterity, as it has already proceeded frora a long series of ancestors : And offer ing up our vows for everything else auspicious and prosperous for your Highness, we coraraend you to the Divine protection. Given at our Palace of Kensington, the 31st day of May, in the year of our Lord 1699, and the eleventh of our reign. Your Highness's Good Brother, Kinsraan, and Friend, William R. translations. 959 {King William III to the Duchess of Savoy : see page 800.) My Sister, I take so rauch interest in all that concerns you, that I could not learn the happiness with which Heaven has just loaded you by giving you a son, in whora his illustrious an cestors will live again, without feeling peculiar pleasure, which nothing could Increase but the satisfaction which I experienced by hearing, at the sarae time, of the good state of your health. I have chosen Mr. Hill to go expressly, as my Envoy Extra ordinary, to congratulate you in ray narae, and to assure you, that I desire nothing raore ardently than to see every kind of prosperity continue In your faraily. I beg you will on this subject give full credit to my Envoy, and believe that I am, with true sentiments of friendship and esteem. My Sister, Your affectionate Brother, Kensington, William R. May 3\st, 1699. {King William to the Duchess-Dowager qf Savoy ; see page 800.) My Sister, I have experienced true joy In hearing of the birth of the son, whora it has pleased God to give to the Duke of Savoy, my brother, and I could not dismiss Mr. Hill, whom I send to hira in quality of ray Envoy Extraordinary on that occasion, without ordering bira to congratulate you on ray part, and to assure you how sensibly I feel the happiness which comes to your Illustrious house, and how rauch satisfaction I shall derive frora witnessing the daily increase of Its benefit and prosperity. I have no doubt that you will place full con fidence in all that ray Envoy will say thereupon, as well as when he assures you ofthe regard which I have for your person, and the esteera with which I ara. My Sister, Your affectionate Brother, Kensington, William R. May 3\st, 1699. {Suggestions to Mr, Hill from some friends of the Vau dois : see page 801.) The Hague, 21st June, 1699. Mr. Hill, the Envoy Extraordinary, having arrived at Tu rin, Is requested to reraeraber that there are aboard the French 960 TRANSLATIONS. galleys eight Vaudois out of twelve who were sent to them in 1688, when their fellow-countrymen entered the Valleys of Luzerne. These people have hitherto failedin obtaining their Uberty : — 1. On account of the war, because, not having been made prisoners during the war, they did not receive the benefit of the exchange of prisoners. 2. Because, when peace was made in Piedmont, our repre sentations were not strong enough to effect their deliverance, or an indisposition existed to lay stress on individual interests amidst important general concerns. But his Royal Highness having by his Edict forgiven the Vaudois the past, that par don ought to extend to those unhappy captives ; and the said Vaudois, having been sent to the galleys by sentence of his Royal Highness's judges, which sentence was revoked and quashed by an Edict, would have been liberated Iraraediately If the said eight Vaudois had been aboard the galleys of his Royal Highness ; and since the peace enables his Royal High ness to deraand the restoration of his subjects, which be could not do during the war, Mr. HIU is requested to use all possible urgency on the subject with his Royal Highness ; and to ena ble hira the better to influence hira, and to surraount any dif ficulties which may be started, he Is requested to reraeraber that the Court of France, on the representation of his Britan nic Majesty, and their High Mightinesses, released from the galleys sorae French refugees, who had been taken during the war and sent to the galleys, for having been found In arras a- galnst the Sovereign of whora they were born subjects ; so that having released persons born his subjects, he will have the less difficulty In releasing those not born his subjects, and sent to the galleys by order of his Royal Highness, or his judges. Besides the dignity of all Sovereigns is concerned In claiming their subjects when they have suffered treatment inconsistent with it. He will be able also to ascertain if M. Paul Blachon is at Turin. If so, he will be enabled by his means to comrauni cate with M. Malanot, rainister at Angrogne, and M. Leger, Dean of the Pastors of the Valleys, who was Pastor at Boby, and Is now Pastor at Ville-Seche In the Valley of St. Martin. These three Gentleraen will give him araple information res pecting the affairs of the Valleys. {Mr. Hill to the Duke qf Savoy : see page 802.) August 9th, 1699. Monseigneur, The King of Great Britain, my master, has sent me TRANSLATIONS. 961 to your Royal Highness to congratulate you on the birth of the Most Serene Prince of Piedraont. Happy and blessed Prince ! who seeras to have been granted by Heaven to the wants and prayers of raany nations. His Majesty coramands rae expressly to assure your Royal Highness of the peculiar joy and gratification which he feels on this happy occasion ; and at the sarae tirae to testify to your Royal Highness the Interest which he will ever take in all that concerns the glory and prosperity of the Illustrious House of Savoy, which has always been In alliance and friendship with the Crown of England. The King orders rae also to give your Royal Highness e- very assurance of bis cherished friendship, and of his esteera and confidence to the fullest extent. Perrait me also, Monseigneur, to rejoice In ray own person at enjoying so favourable an opportunity of paying ray res pects to your Royal Highness, whose virtue and raerit, whose greatness and elevation of soul, have attracted the regard, at tention, and veneration of all Europe. {Mr, Hill to the Duchess of Savoy : see page 802.) August 9th, [1699;] Madara, The King of Great Britain, my master, coraraands me to offer his raost affectionate and respectful corapliments to your Royal Highness, congratulating you on the birth of the Most Serene Prince of Piedmont ; or rather, his Majesty orders rae to thank you, Madara, for having brought such a Prince into the world at a tirae when he was most needed. The King wishes to testify the part which he takes In all that relates to the Interest of the august House of Savoy ; but his Majesty is also peculiarly interested in what your Royal High ness does for the iraraortality of that House, and of that of England. The coraraon Interests of the sarae Royal blood, frora which you both have sprung, and the brilliant virtues of your Royal Highness, have created the esteera and affection of the King, ray raaster, and the raost profound veneration of his subjects. {Mr, Hill to the Duchess-Dowager of Savoy : see p, 803.) August 9th, [1699.] Madara, The King of Great Britain, ray raaster, coraraands me to present his raost respectful corapliraents to your Royal 6b 962 TRANSLATIONS. Highness, congratulating you on the birth of the most Serene Prince of Piedmont. His Majesty Is anxious to avail hiraself of this happy oc casion to assure your Royal Highness of the Interest which he takes in all that concerns the august House of Savoy, and the iramortal blood of the Saxon Kings, which has always con nected that crown with that of England. His Majesty coraraands me, at the sarae tirae to express his especial esteera and veneration for your Royal Highness, who gave so raany proofs of capacity during your Regency, and of moderation since. May the strength of your mind, and the generosity of your heart, serve as models for all the Princess es in the world. {The Pastors and People of the Valleys of Piedmont to Mr, Hill: — see page 816.) Angrogne, November 9th, 1699. Monseigneur, I have the honour of writing to you to testify my profound respect, and at the same time to inforra you that it pleased his Royal Highness, three weeks since, to send for Mons. David Leger, Minister, and me, and that on our going to Turin with M. Gantier, the political deputy, — (who accora panied rae when I had the honour of paying ray respects to you with hira,) — his Royal Highness conversed alone with us very araicably for an hour, and gave us every raark of kindness that we could wish for with reference to our repose, (the iraposts being still the sarae) ; and as we have no doubt that this was a happy consequence of your recoraraendation, since we even mentioned it slightly in passing, I have been charged by our Synod, lately held, to express to you all possible gratitude for It, and to beg of you to convey our thanks to bis Britannic Majesty, for whora we shall never cease to offer up our prayers to God, that it may please Hira to preserve his sacred person, as He has hitherto done, and give success to all his Royal un dertakings. Earnestly soliciting the honour of your good wiU, and powerful protection, we are, with all possible submission, Sir, Your raost hurable, obedient, and obliged servants, the Pastors and People of the Valleys of Piedraont, and in the name of all, GuiLLAUME Malanot, Pastor of the EvangeUcal Church of Angrogne. To Mr, Hill, Lord ofthe Treasury, London, TRANSLATIONS. 963 {The Vaudois Pastors and People to Mr, Hill : see p, 817.) Valleys of Piedraont, January 25th, 1700. Monseigneur, We hope that your Excellency received. In due time, the letter, which we had the honour of writing to you heretofore, to thank you raost hurably for the charitable care which you condescended to take of our Valleys at the Court of his Royal Highness, our Sovereign. However, we again take the liberty of addressing you, to inforra you that by God's grace our condition reraains tbe sarae ; and at the sarae tirae we also hurably beg of your Excellency to have the kindness to grant us your good offices with his Britannic Majesty, and his Ministers of State, in order that it raay please them, if possible, to enable us to receive, at least at the end of each year, the charitable pensions with which it pleases his said Majesty to present the Pastors and Schoolraasters of these Valleys, who are in arrear 15 raonths that have corae due ; for the long delay is very prejudicial to us, by our being unable to use the money as need requires. It will be a raost pious work, and one for which we shall owe eternal obligation to you. We venture to proraise ourselves your powerful sup port on this occasion, and all others which raay concern our Churches, and we earnestly pray the Lord for your Excellen cy's prosperity, and long life, being, with profound respect. Sir, Your Excellency's Most obedient, hurable, and obliged servants, the Vaudois Pastors and People, and for all, David Leger, Pastor and Moderator. GuiLLAUME Malanot, Pastor and Assistant-Moderator. To his Excellency the Envoy Hill, London, (The Vaudois Pastors and People to Mr, Hill : see page 817.^ Angrogne, May 28th, 1700. Sir. We doubt not that your Excellency received the letters, which I had the honour of writing to you heretofore. In the narae of the Valleys, as well to express to you our well-founded gratitude for the recommendations which you 6b2 964 translations. were pleased last year to give In our favour to his Royal Highness, and of which we have felt the agreeable effects, in new assurances of his protection ; as also to beg of you, most humbly, to grant to us your good offices, in enabling us to re ceive raore punctually the charitable pensions, which the late Queen Mary, of holy and glorious raemory, kindly assigned to us for twelve Ministers, and as many Schoolraasters ; and as we not only are In arrear raore than a year and a half, but, far frora receiving thera as usual, have learnt, by a letter frora M. Papon, one of the French rainisters who were obliged to with draw frora these Valleys, by his Royal Highness's order, that seven of those pensions, of rainisters as well as of schoolraasters, the whole araounting annually to the sum of 1050 crowns, had been assigned for the support of as raany Pastors and School raasters, who are established at Wirteraberg, and Darrastadt, — by which raeans but very little was left for us, who never theless have 13 churches all filled, — we are corapelled again to address your Excellency, — as one of our powerful supports, inforraed of our condition, and full of zeal for the preserva tion of these poor ancient churches, rising again after so rauch desolation, — that it may please you to assist us, by your cha ritable Intercessions with his Britannic Majesty, to the end that the said 12 pensions, araounting annually to 1800 crowns, may be continued to us as heretofore, according to the Intention of the pious and incomparable Queen who had positively destin ed them for the subsistence of the Ministers and School raasters officiating In these Valleys, and for the relief of the churches really Vaudois, and not for those who borrow their narae, who are out [of the Valleys], and who receive benefi ces elsewhere. If this raisfortune were to happen to us we can assure your Excellency, that half of our Pastors and Schoolraasters would be corapelled to quit this country, as it is absolutely Impossible for our people, despoiled and loaded with imposts, to supply the deficiency. We have taken the liberty of writing on this subject to his Britannic Majesty, to my Lord the Archbishop of Canterbury, and to the Lord Bp. of London. We venture to hope frora tbe powerful and chari table support of those excellent Lords, as well as from your Excellency's, the revocation of that [change In the destination of the funds], and the continuation of our enjoyment of the said pensions. With that confidence, we shall not fail to ad dress our prayers to God for the preservation and prosperity of your Excellency, and your high eraployraents ; and we are, with profound respect. Sir, Your Excellency's Most obedient, hurable, and obliged servants, the Vaudois TRANSLATIONS. 965 Pastors and People, and in behalf of all, David Leger. Vaudois Pastor and Moderator. GuiLLAUME Malanot, Pastor and Assistant-Moderator. Isaac Senebier, Genevese Pastor of the Church of La Tour, Valley of Luzerne. Joseph Decoppet, Swiss Pastor of the Church of St Jean, Valley of Luzerne. {From Friends of the Vaudois to Mr, Hill: see page 819.) It Is fitting that Mr. Hill, forraerly Envoy of her Britannic Majesty to bis Royal Highness the Duke of Savoy, at Turin, should be inforraed that the poor Vaudois, subjects of his said Royal Highness, who are In the galleys at Marseilles, have not to the present tirae felt the effects of the favourable inten tions of their Prince for their deliverance. They are aware that his arabassador, at the Court of France, has not failed to make the necessary representations In their behalf. In pur suance of the orders received frora his raaster. They also know that In consequence of a raeraorial presented by that rainister at the French Court, and frora thence sent to Marseilles, the Secretary of the superintendent of the galleys, about the raid- die of last January, sent for David Voile, one of the said Vau dois, and interrogated hira to ascertain if he were a subject of his Royal Highness ; because. In the registry of Marseilles, he was described as a subject of the King ; as indeed he had been before the Val Perouse, where he was born, was ceded to the Prince ; but now, by virtue of that cession, he Is really a subject of his Royal Highness, This difficulty, which gave occasion to a dispute, being coupled with unfavourable ira pressions conveyed respecting the said Voile, has up to the present tirae suspended his liberation. However, as It is not understood why the said Voile alone should have been called upon, to the exclusion of Messieurs Jean Musseton, Pierre Bonnet, David Douvier, Jean Berru, Jean Gendre, and Pierre, Robert, all forraer subjects of his Royal Highness, and naraed In the hurable petition which was presented to him — There is every reason to beUeve that all the abovenaraed ought to have been coraprised in the nuraber of those deraanded by the Ambassador ; but that, by the animosity of the Missionaries, or by the unfavourable Inforraation with which endeavours have been made to blacken them in the minds of the Powers, 966 translations. the matter has continued up to the present without result. To this It Is to be added, that other subjects of his Royal Highness, Roman Catholics, who were clairaed on the same day as David Voile, were actually set at liberty, without any thing being said either to the said Voile, or to the otiier Vau dois. Whence It appears that it Is solely from hatred to their religion that the said Vaudois are left behind, by the artifices of the Missionaries, who tax thera with contumacy, and who, to render thera odious. Insinuate that they bore arras against the King, although their only crirae was having wished to re establish themselves in their country ; for which they, as well as their other fellow countrymen, obtained an aranesty by the generous cleraency of bis Royal Highness ; not to mention the punishment they have undergone in the galleys for the last ten years. For these reasons It has been thought right to give infor mation on the subject to Mr. HIU, who formerly had the good ness, in obedience to the orders of his glorious and august master, to exert himself In behalf of those faithful Confessors ; — and if possible, by his raeans, to his Britannic Majesty, who on raany occasions has raade those poor sufferers, and others of their countryraen feel, in their calaraltles, the charitable effects of his charitable and Royal corapassion ; — In the hope that, on the raatter being represented to the Arabassador of his Royal Highness, the Duke of Savoy, at bis Britannic Ma jesty's Court, and if need be, through him to the Prince his Master, — that Prince compassionating his poor subjects, will give further orders to his Ambassador at the French Court, to repeat his applications in their favour, removing the unfavour able impressions which raay have been given against thera, and preventing the 111 will of the Missionaries frora prevailing over tbe justice of his Royal Highness's deraands, — in order that his said subjects being delivered frora tbe said slavery under which they have so long groaned, and enjoying the effect of the fa vourable intentions of their Prince, raay be enabled to give him new proofs of their fidelity, and zeal for his service. {From M. G. Malanot, Vaudois Pastor, to Mr. Hill : see page 820.) Angrogne, April 24th, 1704. Honoured Sir, I take the liberty of profiting by the kindness of Count Rufiin, our Commandant, to do myself the honour of writing to your ExceUency, to beg of you raost hurably to continue your charitable intercessions with her Britannic Ma jesty in favour of the Pastors of our Valleys, with reference translations. 967 to the charitable aid which we Implore of her Royal clemency. We shall feel eternal obligation to your Excellency for It. As to the present condition of affairs up here, I refer to the information which our Coraraandant will have the honour and pleasure of giving to your Excellency. I will say no raore than to assure you, that all our Valleys are fully satisfied with the choice which his Royal Highness has made with regard to us ; for by his prudent raanageraent he knows how to keep our people In obedience, and In the other duties which con cern the Royal service. We could have wished to atterapt the exchange of our poor slaves, as I have already written to your Excellency ; but at present there are divers obstacles : for, on the one hand, the Valley of Pragelas would by no raeans agree to the contribution without the release of their prisoners ; and, on the other, the Valley of St. Martin, which is contiguous to it, seelngltself thereby rauch exposed, great ly wished for that arrangement. Besides, It has been foreseen that It would be impossible to effect that exchange with this sort of people, who are only railitia. However, all our people wish It very much, and promise theraselves, as soon as tirae permits, to take others on whom we may count better ; or else they raight be reserved in case a cartel should be raade with France. I continue ray prayers to the Lord for your Excellency, aud all your high eraployraents, and ara, with pro found respect. Sir, Your Excellency's Most obedient hurable servant, [ To Mr, Hill,] G. Malanot. {From M. J. Jahier, Vaudois Pastor, to [Count Ruffin :] seepage 821.) Angrogne, August 15th, 1704. Sir, As you were an eye-witness of our desolation, and, in particular, of ray raisfortune, by the sudden and unexpec ted Invasion of the eneray, who despoiled rae of all that I had in the world, with the exception of what I had on me, having escaped only with my life,' which has reduced rae to the ut most misery, as you may well judge, I take the liberty of ad dressing you, to beg earnestly of you to have the kindness and charity to procure for me some benefit and consolation, by your powerful intercession with his Royal Highness, as weU 1 Literally, perhaps, "having, as the saying is, gamed no plunder but my life." 968 translations. as with their Excellencies Messrs. Hill and Vander Meer, the Envoys Extraordinary of Great Britain, and their High Mightinesses, to help rae to recover In sorae way from my destitution, reraerabering the proraise which you raade at my dwelling, when you took the trouble of going to Praraol, to set raatters in order. In the capacity of Coraraandant of the Valleys for his Royal Highness, naraely, that bis Royal High ness would have due consideration for those who should lose anything on that occasion. If, like others, I had lost but a part of what I had, i would not say a word ; but having ab solutely lost all, without being able to save even a sheet to lie down In In my distress, I feel the affliction very keenly ; having also, to corapleteray misfortunes, lost securities (for about 1000 livres) which remained In the trunk that you saw on the table outside the closet where you slept at my house. My wife had filled it with my shirts, to be sent to Peuraean, in the neigh bourhood of ray church, where we parted, and whither I had sent two changes of the best I had, supposing thera to be safe, and where, however, all unhappily was lost. Judge then, ray dear Sir, how deplorable and how worthy of corapassion Is the situation a person like rae, advanced in age, who had some thing, and who lived, thank God, In tolerably easy and res pectable circumstances, to see himself in a raoraent stripped of everything, and reduced, if I raust say It, to mendicity, and to go wandering' frora place to place, sometimes without having bread for ray faraily. For I must inforra you, Sir, that after our desolation, we lived for some time at Bagnols, where sorae raeans of subsistence were given to us for 8 days. After that we were raade to return to the Valleys, with the proraise that bread should be given to our farailies ; but sorae tiraes they receive it, soraetiraes they do not, and on ten days during this raonth they received none. Not that we doubt tbe kindness and good-will of his Royal Highness, but the excuse offered is, that corn cannot be got. I do not state these things as if I regretted having done what I have done. On the contrary, I should be ready to do it willingly, if it were to be done for ray Sovereign's service, and to do still raore if I could, but only to represent to you the raisery to which I ara re duced at present, and the need I ara In of some aid. There fore, Sir, all these said considerations oblige me to beg of you, once more, to have the goodness and charity to use your in fluence, with those who have It in their power, to procure for rae sorae consolation In ray wretchedness, and in my affliction, and 1 shaU owe you imraortal obligation for it ; and It will be a new motive for rae to address ray ardent prayers to the Almighty for the long prosperity, and preservation of your 1 Literally, rolling. translations. 969 illustrious person, and for a happy Issue in your high and wor thy employments. Such is the ardent wish of him, who is, with all possible respect, Sir, Your raost obedient hurable servant, J. Jahier, Pastor of the Church of Praraol. Allow rae. If you please, to mention by the way, that, last Sunday, having gone to preach at the before-mentioned Pen- mean quarter of my church where our people are placed. In order to exhort thera to their duty, I proceeded frora thence with an escort to ray house, which Is only about a quarter of a league frora the French Carap. I found it quite topsy-turvy, all the furniture that we left broken and dashed to pieces, and the whole in a terrible state, which was not done to others. {From M, G. Malanot, Vaudois Pastor, to Mr, Hill : see page 823.) Angrogne, Nov. 25th, 1704. Monseigneur, Messrs. Jahiers, Pastors, being obliged to go to Turin on the business which they will coramunicate to your Excel lency, I avail myself of the opportunity of sending a few lines by thera, as well to beg of your Excellency to be favourable to thera, as with a view to learn whether you have received any answer frora England respecting our pensions, not doubt ing that your Excellency accorapanied our meraorial with your charitable intercessions. The General de Belcastel, who takes great interest in all that relates to our Valleys, had the kindness to eraploy hiraself In those gentleraen's favour, In or der that they raight not be corapelled to go down ; but as he did not succeed, they have at length been obliged, against their Inclination, to take that road. I will say nothing of the present condition of our Valleys, but refer your Excellency to the In forraation which those gentleraen will give you by word of mouth. I conclude with ardent prayers for your Excellency, and am, with all possible veneration, Monseigneur, Your Excellency's Most obedient hurable servant, [To Mr, Hill.] G. Malanot. 6c 970 TRANSLATION?. {From the Churches qf the J'alhgs of Piedmont to : see page S23.) From my Refuge, at Pracastel, La Tour, Jan. 16th, 1706. My Lord, As soon as our Churches learned that Messrs. Appia, by your Lordship's rare charity, had been happily inaugurated into the Holy Ministry of the Gospel of the Son of Crod, they deemed it their indispensable duty to bear to your Lordship's feet their most humble thanks, considering what your Lordship has done for those young plants as done for them selves, since it is to their service they are to be peculiarly de voted. It will be a most seasonable help to them, as foreigners could not be of so much utility as their own countrjrmen. Your lordship is also, with aU possible respect and submis sion, suppUcated to continue your gracious and beneficent regard towards our poor and ancient churches, to continue to them the effects of your paternal love and charity ; especiaUy in these sad times, when war has reduced to a heap of ashes and stones the communes of Pramol, and St. Germain, beyond aU hope of restoration, imless the Saints stretch forth a helping hand to them. The Inhabitants of those two communes are dispersed in the valley of Luzerne, having no assistance, except the bread which his Royal Highness has had the goodness to order to be distributed. The inundations have done great mischief throughout the countrv : and now the continued rains cause frightful falls of earth. May the Lord give us grace to profit by bis chastise- raents, for the amendment of our lives. We pray to that Great Shepherd and Bishop of our Souls for your Lordship's safety and prosperity, and respectfuUy kiss your hand, as being, my Lord, Your Lordship's Most humble, obedient, and obliged, the Churches of the VaUeys of Piedmont, and for them, Bernard Jahier, Pastor aud Moderator. (Receipt from Vaudois Pastors and Schoolmasters for Royal Pension : see page 825.) We, the undersigned Pastors and Schoolmasters ofthe EvangeUcal Churches of the ^'alleys of Piedmont, declare and ^ TRANSLATIONS. 971 acknowledge to have received from his Excellency Mr. Chet wynd, Envoy JExtraordinary from her Sacred Majesty, the Queen of Great Britain, to his Royal Highness of Savoy, and by the hands of Mons. Loubier, Banker at Turin, the sura of three thousand five hundred and seventeen livres, six sous, eleven deniers, I say 3517 liv., 6s., 1 Id., currency of Piedraont, the proceeds of 828. 18 piastres of Genoa, frora the pious and Royal charity of her Britannic Majesty, for which aforesaid sura we discharge and thank raost hurably all persons who are to be discharged and thanked, praying God to reward all their charitable cares towards us. In testiraony whereof we have signed the present discharge, which being done In duplicate is yet to be taken as single. Done at La Tour, in the Valley of Luzerne, Deceraber 8th, 1711. P. Reinaudin, Pastor of the Church of Boby. C. Bastie, Pastor of the Church of La Tour. C. Appia, Pastor of the Church of St. Jean. L. Bertin, Pastor of the Church of Roras. Jaques Leger, Pastor of the Church of Villeseche. J. Jahier, Pastor at Angrogne. P. Appia, Pastor ofthe Church of Rocheplate and Prarustin. J. Bastie, Pastor of the Church of Villar. J. Malanot, Pastor of Praraol and St. Gerraain. P. Leydet, Pastor of the Church of Prals and Roderet. Ph. Forneron, Pro-Pastor at Maneille and Macel. Jean Pellene, Schoolraaster at Roras. Daniel Blaynat, Schoolraaster of St. Germain. Jacob Perron, Schoolmaster of Pramol. Paul Martine, Schoolmaster at Boby. Barthelemi Appia, Regent at St. Jean. Joseph Reinaudin, Regent at Prarustin. Estienne Bergoin, Schoolraaster at Villar. Michael Puy, Schoolraaster at Angrogne. J. P. PoGNENG, Schoolmaster at La Tour. David Ufranc, Schoolraaster of Ville Seche. Jean Bertalot, Schoolraaster of Prals. {Order from Vaudois Pastors on Mr, Hill for £98 ; see page 826.) La Tour, Valley of Luzerne, Sep. 22nd, 1712. Monseigneur, We beg you wiU have the goodness to pay, at eight days' sight, by this first of exchange, to the order of Mons. 6c2 97i TltANSLATIOX*. Jean Louis Loubier, fS^S sterUnc. for value from him rtceived. We are, with high respect, Monseigneur, Your most obedient humble servant, C. B-vsTiE, Pastor and Moderator. P. Rkixavpin. Pastor. &c C. Appia. Pastor and Secretarv. Mr. H:!!, LoM.i:'!. [ I^dorsemfmt of the prtctdiMg.] Pay the within to the order of Messrs, Loubier. Teis sier, and Gourdon. V.tlue received. Turin. Sept. ^'Tth. 171,', Jean Lons Loi?bier. Received the eonteiits, London, October 16th, 171 v?. For MtssKs. LovBiER, Teissier, and Govrikin. Francis Gavssen. (Re.dt of r Pastors to M-. Hill for £3Qi: m ,, :,. S,>T.) We, the undersijnied. for all the other Pastors of tbe Evansrelical Churches of the Valleys oi" Piedmont, declare and cerdfv having received from Mr. Hill, of London, and by the b.i'.-.c.s of Mous. Loubier, Banker at Turin, the sum or value of £;J9^, sterling, issuing from the pious and Royal Charity ot her Britannic Majesty. For which aforesaid sum we dis charge and thank most humbly aU the persons who are to be discharged .'.:'i th.iukt\l, prayiuir God to be the remuneratiHr of all tlTeir charitable c.vres towards us. In tesdmoDj whereof we have done and sicned the present discharvre. in the Valley of Luzerne, this 5th of AprU, 17 l-k C. Bastie. P.vstor and Moderator. P. Reinaudin. Pastor and Assistant-Moderator. C. Appia. Pastor and Secretarv. {^From Vami i.< Pastors to Mr. HiU: St^e page 839.) \'lllar. Valley of Luzerne, Sep. lOth, ITIS. Sir. The Ev.u.^elical Churches ot the VaUeys of Piedmont have always been the objects of the iiage ofthe enemies ofthe truth, who have neglected nothins that could lead to their TRANSLATIONS. 973 destruction, exciting raost violent persecutions against thera. But they have had this advantage, that in the depths of their miseries they have possessed Josephs, who, corapassionating their bruises, have applied all the ardour of their zeal and of their piety to console them. We may say with justice that your Excellency appears with much advantage at the head of our Neheralahs, since you have always espoused with the warraest zeal the interests of our poor Sion, and since the im portant employments which you hold, and (the duties) of which you fulfil with such general approbation, have not prevented you frora casting your charitable eyes upon us. Of this we can have no doubt when we see the energetic efforts which you have raade In order that his Britannic Majesty raight have the charity to grant sorae aid to our Churches, for the raaintenance of their Pastors and Schoolmasters ; and we learn that that glorious Monarch has graciously assented to It.' We have no doubt that this was in consequence of your Excellency's pow erful intercessions. We congratulate ourselves for having found in you so generous a protector, one who is never weary of doing good to those who give you the opportunity of It ; and we beg of you to believe that the raost aniraated expres sions of gratitude are inadequate to the deep feelings with which our hearts are penetrated ; happy (should we be) If we could give your Excellency proofs of them, but still more so if we raay proraise ourselves a continuation of your paternal benevolence. We hope for that favour, from your usual kind ness ;. and hence we pray your Excellency to cast your charit able eyes upon the details of the present state of our Churches, which we take the liberty of submitting to you. On the 30th of July, in the present year, an order was pub lished In our Valleys obliging the Religionists to observe the [Roman Catholic] Holydays, and, as your Excellency is versed in the Italian language, we take the liberty of presenting it to you in the sarae forra as it has been published to us. Copy of the order published in the Valleys of Piedraont, July 30th, 1718. " Victor Amedee, by the grace of God, King of Sicily, of Jerusalem, and of Cyprus, Duke of Savoy and Montferrat, Prince of Piedmont, &c. To the Chief Usher, Servitor Gen eral, or Deputy Jurisconsult, Greeting : Having seen the en closed Petition, signed by our Attorney-General, subscribed ' Rosseto,' and its tenor considered ; by these presents we enjoin and coraraand you to give orders and prohibition to aU persons of the pretended Reformed Religion, of the Valleys ' See copy of Royal Warrant, page 827. 974 TRANSLATIONS. of Luzerne and Saint Martin, and other adjoining places, or dwelling in them, without exception, against labouring or do ing any servile work on the Holydays enjoined by the Holy Mother Church, Catholic, Apostolic, and Roman, according to the intent and meaning of the second chapter of the Edict of the 25th of June, 1620. As also to coraraand and enjoin the Catholics, and Catholclzed, of those Valleys, or in them dweUing, to hear mass and preaching on Sundays, as well as on other Holydays according to the intent ofthe 1st Chap, of the Edict ofthe 18th Dec, 1622. AU this under the penalties in the said Edicts expressed ; coraraanding, to such end, the authorities of the respective places, in case of disobedience, to take suraraary and secret informations thereof, and to send them enclosed and sealed to our said Attorney-General, In order that the delinquents raay be dealt with conforraably to reason and justice. Declaring the execution of these presents to be done after the raanner petitioned. Farewell : for such is our Intent. Given at PInerolo, the 14th of July, and In the 5th year of our Reign." Perrait us to inforra your Excellency, that on the publica tion of this order, we took the liberty of having recourse to his Majesty, our Sovereign, but without successs, which has thrown our people into the greatest consternation, seeing that it is a raanifest infraction of the Edict for our re-establish ment, raade in the year 1694. Your Excellency will have the goodness to reraark, that as our country is governed by the Inquisition, there are raany raore holydays than elsewhere, to which the Roraan Catholics raay easily conform, since it is not against the principles of their consciences ; and since all those who remain among us are exempt from all Royal im posts, which we are obliged to pay with the utraost rigour. We see clearly that this Edict has in view nothing but our destruction, In consequence of the considerable fine inflicted on recusants, viz., 300 crowns for the first tirae, 600 for the second, and so on doubling ; and, as the third part of the pen alty is assigned to the Inforraer, the Roman Catholics run even to the tops of the highest raountains in order to surprise some one. When no more property shall be left, corporal pun ishraent Is inflicted. Children are daily carried off from our Valleys, and no one dares to coraplain, particularly in the Valley of La Perouze, and this is done with the cognizance and under the protection of Count Picon, an acquaintance of hira who Is charge d'affaires of our Sovereign at the Court of the King of Great Britain. We raight subrait several other grievances to your Excellency but we are afraid of wearying your patience. We supplicate you, with all the huraility of which we are capable, to make what use your consummate TRANSLATIONS. 975 prudence shall judge proper of all that we have the honour of stating to you, and to believe that we shall unceasingly offer up to Heaven most ardent prayers for the prosperity of your Excellency, and of all those who have the honour of being connected with you, begging you to permit us to add the most hurable protestations in the world, that we are, with profound respect. Your Excellency's Most hurable, obedient, and obliged ser vants, the Pastors of the Evangelical Churches of Piedmont, and for all, P. Reinaudin, Pastor and Moderator. C. Appia, Pastor and Coadjutor. P. Appia, Pastor and Secretary of the Synod. C. Bastie, Pastor at La Tour. J. Bastie, Pastor at Villar. J. ViNC. Arnaud, Pastor at Angrogne. To his Excellency Mr. HiU, {M, J, Signoret, Vaudois Pastor, to Mr, Hill : see page 831,) Prals, October 21st, 1719. Sir, As I am indebted to you, after God, for all I have in the world, I take the liberty of writing to you from time to time to. testify my gratitude, which I would do oftener. If I could venture on it without fear of troubling you. As I have not had the honor of writing to you since (I left) Geneva, it seeras now ray bounded duty to do so, in order to let you know my state in these parts, as well as the name and situation of the Church where I officiate. I will first take the liberty of inforraing you that I have been married, since the beginning of last June, to the niece of Mons. Loubier, of Turin, and of Messrs. Merchants of London. She Is the daughter of thelate Mons. Bousanquet, of Schaffhouse ; and has a brother residing with Mons. at Turin, also a Merchant. Although not having the honour of knowing you, she presents her humble respects, as the wife of one of your most hurable servants. The Church which was assigned to rae when I was in England, and in which I have officiated for a year. Is called Prals, and its annex Rodoret. It -is in the Valley of St. Martin, and Its situation is the most elevated in our Valleys, and at the sarae the most Inconvenient ; since I am obUged. to cross a raountain, lying between the Church and its annex, very dangerous, particularly in winter, 976 TRANSLATIONS. and often impassable. My condition here is not what might be wished for ; since, besides the fatigue I undergo, I am most scantily recompensed ; for the annex subscribes only 16 Pied montese livres, (which is but little, as you know,) in the hope, frora day to day, that the charity, which you (and several other benefactors, whora we have the good fortune to have in Eng land,) had procured for us, would arrive ; for that annex used formerly to pay their Minister 150 livres of this country, and the Church 300 livres, making in all 450 livres ; and, although I have been here a year, I have as yet drawn only 40 livres on the one hand, and 4 sacks of corn on the other, having hitherto made use of what I brought from England ; but as that was exhausted, I was obUged to ask thera for sorae, to enable rae to supply ray wants ; but they affected ray feelings so rauch when 1 spoke to thera on the subject, that I could not press thera further. First, they alledged that they hoped the cha rity would corae, (for if it coraes, they would pay me in all for both Church and its annex only 50 livres) ; secondly, that their number was much reduced, several who were among them hav ing quitted thera, and thrown theraselves into the arms of the Romish Church, In order to pay neither tax nor Ministers, for the King almost every year excuses them from taxes ; and as to the priests, his Majesty gives them an annual pension of 500 livres. So that you perceive our poor people, who are loaded with heavy taxes and several other Iraposts, have very great teraptations to overcorae, since all they can get must go to pay their taxes, &c. I am sure, that if you saw thera you would be still more touched with pity towards them than I was ; for I know by experience, that you have a heart truly com passionate for all those who are persecuted for Christ's sake ; and hence I have no doubt that. If it is in your power to aid them in any manner, you will do so. I will add no more at present, except that I ara, with the deepest respect. Sir, and very honoured Benefactor, Your most obedient humble servant, Jean Signoret. [To Mr. Hill,] {From the Queen of Sardinia to Mr, Hill: seepage 833.) Mr. HiU, If we were not as fully persuaded as we are of your attachment to our interests, the Uvely interest which you ex press on the subject of the marriage of the Prince, my son, would afford a convincing proof of it. Accordingly we are desirous of assuring you, as we do, of the gratification which TRANSLATIONS. 977 It has given us, as well as of our very favourable disposition in all that relates to your welfare. We pray God to have you In his holy keeping. Turin, 25th April, 1722. To Mr, Hill. Anne. {From Mr. Isaac Behaghel to Mr, Hill : see page 833.) Frankfort, Sept. 24th, 1711. Sir, The Vaudois Ministers and Schoolraasters who are in these parts, having learned that your Excellency had received a coraraission frora your great and pious Queen to let thera have their pension In future, of which two years are now due, have brought me the annexed letter,' begging me to send It to your Excellency, with a few words In their favour from rayself. I ara gratified. Sir, with this opportunity of having the ho nour of writing to you, not doubting that your Excellency will still reraeraber rae, and what we did together on your journey here,'' or elsewhere. If I can render you any service In these parts, you will please to coraraand rae freely. And if your Excellency pleases, that, after Mr. Davenant's depar ture, I should coramunicate to you what passes here, I will not fail to observe your orders. As to the aforesaid Vaudois, If there be any money for thera, I beg you will pay it to ray friends, Messrs. Olraius, bankers, In London, who will transfer It to ray account ; and I will pay the raoney here. Even If your Excellency transralts It by another channel, it will be necessary to observe the arrangeraent which I have raade a- mong thera, and that the 7 Ministers have 13 Schoolraasters, sorae colonies having separated, and their Ministers being maintained by their High Mightinesses ; as I explained sorae years ago to ray Lord the Archbishop of Canterbury, and In general to all the gentleraen who have charge of receipts of the collections, and to other pious persons. My Lord Peterborough has been here for the last three days. Yesterday the Elector Palatine also arrived here ; and It is thought that on the 2nd October the election will take place. God prosper it. In great haste I ara raost respectfully. Your Excellency's Most obedient hurable servant. To Mr, Hill, late Envoy Extraor- Isaac Behaghel. dinary ofher Britannic Majesty to his Royal Highness the Duke of Savoy, London, 1 Inserted immediately after this. 2 This probably refers to a fund which Mr. Hill and M. Vander Meer 6d 978 TRANSLATIONS. {From Vaudois Pastors to Mr, Hill : see page 824.) Frankfort on the Maine, Sept. 20th, 1711. Sir, We have learned with feelings of just gratitude, that your Excellency had undertaken the care of the maintenance which our great and charitable Queen is pleased to continue to the Pastors, who have reraained In the Valleys, and to those seven who were banished frora them In 1698,' and who now exercise their ministry In the colonies established In Wirteraberg, and in the environs of that city. The inforraa tion has also given us extreme gratification, since we have no doubt that your Excellency will kindly give orders that we may not only receive as soon as possible the allowance for the two years which in a few days will have expired, and of which we are wholly In arrear,^ but also receive that for the subse quent years, at the due times, and such as we used to receive It in Piedraont, viz., 100 English Crowns for each Pastor, and 50 for each Schoolraaster. The Chevalier Chardin has heretofore been the channel by which this raaintenance has reached us ; but, his age and Infirraities, (as he has often as sured us), preventing hira frora being so for the future, we have cast our eyes on Messrs. Jean and Herman Olmius, and have accorapanied our request to thera, with an authorization to supply his place, and to convey to us whatever is reraitted to them, as before, through Mons. Behaghel, their correspondent, and one of our best friends. If your Excellency should think fit to make use of this channel, we shall be so much the raore obliged, as we have experienced their probity and punctuality ; and as we are persuaded that we shall not suffer frora not receiving her Majesty's Grace, without repeated application and delay. We continually pray for your Excellency's safety and prosperity, and are, with profound respect. Your Excellency's Most obedient hurable servants, for aU, Papon, Vaudois Pastor. [To Mr, Hill,] J. Moutous, Vaudois Pastor. {Mr, I, Behaghel to Mr, Hill : see page 835.) Frankfort, October 29th October, 171 1 , S. N. Sir, I had the honour of receiving three days ago your wel- established, at Frankfort, for Vaudois and French refugees who might go into the Valleys of Piedmont : see page 300. The fund was probably lodged in Mr. Behaghel's hands. ' Probably these seven banished Ministers were those mentioned page 828, as established in Germany. 2 See these arrears referred to in the Royal Warrant, page 824. TRANSLATIONS. 979 come letter of the , and am much obliged for your kind expressions of friendship towards rae, I will always en deavour to deserve them, and shall have the greatest pleasure in serving you on all occasions that present theraselves. I shall always gladly await your esteemed comraands. As td the coraraission which you give rae. Sir, to pay the pension which our great and pious Queen Is accustomed to give to the 7 Vaudois Ministers, and 7 Schoolraasters, who have taken re fuge In Gerraany, Wirteraberg, Darrastadt,' and In this vicin ity, I wish ray letter had reached you 15 days sooner, in order that you raight have paid the raoney to ray correspondents, Messrs. Olraius, in order that I raight have paid it over to those gentleraen without further obstacle, and without their suffering any loss ; for I have always paid the money, according to the exchange between this and London, without charging them the least coraraission. Accordingly, as soon as the Che valier Chardin had paid It to M. Olraius, and I had received the advice, the raoney was ready for them here. I have now two things to mention and propose to you. Without an ex planation on these points, I shall not be able to make the dis tribution, as I told M. Papon, one of the ministers, to whom I gave your corapliraents, for which he hereby cordially thanks you. 1. Your Excellency observes, that they had received £359 sterling for a year's pension, which you desire rae to give thera the benefit of. But, Sir, 1 think there is a mistake in the a- raount ; for they have not received, for 6 or 8 years, raore than £229 sterling a year from the Chevalier Chardin, i.e., for the 7 Ministers and their 7 Schoolmasters; — (However, It should be remarked that since the colonies were dispersed, being unable to remain In the same village, they require 13 School masters ; araong whom by their consent and approbation, the raoney intended for seven Schoolraasters is distributed. But this does not affect the sura total, and the account still remains on the same footing, naraely 7 Ministers and as raany School raasters); — who are exiled In Germany as before-mentioned. There are also sorae reraaining in Piedraont, whose numbers are, Ifl mistake not, 5 Ministers and 5 Schoolraasters, and the Chevalier Chardin has transraitted their share to thein by way of Geneva, I believe, through M. Callandrini, which M. Chardin can tell you : for if you wish, as you seera to do, to send also to me the money for those In the Valleys, I could not find here a convenient channel to transmit It to thera. It is true that the Ministers and Schoolmasters here are In arrear two years which fell due at MIchalraas last, and the two receipts are also in the hands of Messrs. Olraius ; but £359 Is not sufficient to pay, for 2 years, twice £229, which makes 6d2 980 TRANSLATIONS. £458, being £101 too little; and for a single year It is too rauch; so that without explanation I can pay nothing. 2. The second obstacle In this : there raust be a great rais take in the transraission of the raoney, for the exchange be tween this place and London is now 25 ^ cent, and Messrs. Santini and Seignoret give thera the benefit of only 14 c^ cent, which differs by 1 1 ^ cent, which cannot be frora their charging J ^ cent for theraselves, and J ^ cent for M. Couv reur, required as the ordinary commission for merchants ; for the difference would still amount to 10 ^ cent, which is im possible ; and I shall not venture to carry It to their account in that raanner, for they would think I Intended to wrong thera, which God forbid. To make you understand the raatter the more clearly, I will explain It as follows : You say you paid M. Santini £359, for which they gave you a bill of exchange for r. 181 7 on M. Couvreur, which he ac cepted. £359 sterling, according to the exchange between this place and London, on which footing I would have paid It over to them, if you had paid it In to Messrs. Olraius, raakes, at 25 ^ cent, r.l994. 40 ; or else. If they wished to deduct for their coraraission one ^ cent, the exchange should be reckon ed at 24 ^ cent, which makes r.l978. 47; but they count only 14 t^ cent, and accordingly 10 '<^ cent too little, £359 at 14 ^ cent being r. 1818. 8., which Is a plain raistake, which you. Sir, raost probably did not observe, and which I therefore explain to you, for the difference is r.l77 on the past, which cannot amount to this. You can shew thera a copy of this stateraent. In order that they raay rectify the error. In the mean tirae I have thought proper to let thera have the raoney. M. Couvreur has promised to pay It to-morrow. I shewed him the mistake ; but he said he had nothing to do with It, as he had nothing but his coraraission, and would not Interfere. At first I Intended to send you back the bill ofexchange, but not knowing these Messrs. Santini and Signoret, it was thought better I should secure the raoney. I await your explanation of these two obstacles. I send this letter open, under cover to Messrs. Olraius, (be cause you sent yours to rae through thera open). In order that they raay be able to see what Is doing, and explain to you the nature of the exchange, if you should happen not to under stand It, or assist you in getting an explanation of it frora M. Santini. M. le Baron de Forstner sent to rae, 12 days since, desiring to speak with rae. I sent hira ray cousin. He told him he wished to be informed, by a Minister, of the state of the co lonies. I sent M. Papon to him ; but he did not find him at TRANSLATIONS. 981 horae, and he afterwards took his departure without ray being able to speak with bira. There is no one here, or elsewhere. Sir, who can give you better inforraation on the state of the colonies, since I had the trouble on the part of England by order of M. d'Herwart to effect the estabUshraent of them, in conjunction with M. Volkeraer on the part of Holland, at the expense of so much tirae and pains as I would not again en counter for a good deal of raoney. I hope M. Davenant will soon be dispatched with a good sura of raoney to pay his creditors here, who corae to dun rae daily. Doubtless M. ZoUnoffire will return with hira. Lord Peterborough has left us for Augsburg. I recoraraend you to the Divine protection, and am, with cordial respect. Your Excellency's Most obedient humble servant. To Mr, Rich, Hill, late Envoy Isaac Behaghel. Extraordinary of her Britan nic Majesty to the Duke of Savoy, — Richmond, London, {From Mr, I. Behaghel to Mr, Hill : see page 838.) Frankfort, Deceraber 24th, 1711. Sir, I had the honour of receiving your welcorae letter of the 13th of Noveraber. The reason of my not replying sooner was that I could not arrange with M. Couvreur about the difference of exchange for the £359 reraitted, as he wished first to write to his friends at Arasterdara, to know how to re gulate the business. It was only to-day that It was corapleted, at 24| ^ cent. Instead of 14 ^ cent ; so that he paid rae back r. 169^, which is about the rate ofthe exchange at the time the money was remitted. The affair is at length settled. And I am glad that I had the opportunity of discovering the error for the benefit of these poor people. As to the distribution, I yesterday began to raake it to those who are in this neigh bourhood ; and Messrs. Papon and Jordan will add to this a Uttle note to inforra you of It theraselves. I raust now write to all the reraote colonies, in order to give thera their share of the raoney, when they inforra rae through what place they wish it reraitted to thera, and in order the better to explain to you the distribution of this £229. As that was arranged more than 12 years ago with great difficulty, principally res pecting the Schoolmasters, of whom there are more than 7, since the Vaudois are dispersed in other Villages, that is to say, 12, and still at Holtsappel, a Uttie colony, which makes 982 TRANSLATIONS. the thirteenth. I send you annexed a specification, with the naraes of the Ministers, and the places where they live, with their Schoolraasters. You will easily understand how the busi ness is arranged. If you wish for further explanation, inform me. Sir, and I will afford It. As to the dPlOO for M. Arnaud, he Is StiU living, and orders rae to pay it here to a friend, but he has not sent a receipt, although I wrote to hira for one. I will get one and send It to you. As to tbe £30 for the School of Offenbach, M. Broske, the chief rainister of the county, is well pleased to learn that the raoney is in my hands. He will come for It after the fete. They were much grieved at not having had an answer from the ChevaUer Chardin. I will also send you his receipt. The Vaudois Ministers are in hopes that more money will soon be remitted to thera, as they are still a year in arrear. If there is any, you will have only to pay It to Messrs. Olmius, If you please, and It will be punctually distributed. The day before yesterday, the King of the Roraans was crowned here for the Eraperor Charles VI, and everything thank God passed over without the least disturbance. God grant hira a happy and useful reign. He is a kind and hopeful Prince. Lord Cornbury, Sir I. M. Watkins, and other En glish gentleraen, witnessed the cereraony with great satisfac tion. My Lord Peterborough will return frora Augsburg, [by way of] Turin, and will not corae here. Mr. Davenant also Is still in London. We expect bira with a good sura of raoney to pay his debts. I ara, with cordial respect. Sir, Your obedient humble servant, Isaac Behaghel. As I have paid many postages of letters. In soliciting this money, and as It Is necessary to write to all the colonies, which costs at least 8 or 9 r. I reckon the distribution at 24 ^ cent clear, as I have agreed with thera. I charge no profit, and have, for 16 years, taken the trouble of the establishraent, (as M. d'Herwart knows, as he gave rae the coraraission for it, on the part of England), and the distribution of the funds. But neither should I be a loser ; and therefore It is proper that they should reimburse me the postage money, as that is ex pended for your Governraent. To his Excellency Richard Hill, Esq, Richmond, The £229 sterling, which his Excellency Richard Hill, Esq. remitted me on account of the 7 Vaudois Ministers, and the TRANSLATIONS. 983 Schoolraasters, under date of Noveraber, 1711, has been dis tributed as follows : This £229 sterling raakes f 1526 40 Exchange between this and London, at 24 ^ ct. f 366 24 Making together fl893 4 Which was to be divided thus : I for the 7 Vaudois Ministers f 1262 0 ^ for the Schoolraasters f 631 4 f 1893 4 The 7 Vaudois Ministers are : In the r M. HenryArnaud, at Dirraents f 180 17 ^abo^ur }^- "^^^^ GiRAUD, at Wiertheira f 180 17 Wirtem- jM. SciPioN Arnaud, at Knitlingen 180 17 berg, f M. Jaques Javel, at Heyinsheira f 1 80 17 rtadtc?aXyiM. Jaques Papon, at Meerfelden f 180 17 I'erfoounTy^^- ^^AVID JoRDAN, at HoraboUrg f 180 17 ll.Tcmuni'^- Jaques Moutoux, atRosIbach flgO 18 fl26;e 0 The Schoolraasters are lodged in 13 dif ferent Villages, naraely : The Schoolraaster of Dirraents f 50 Wiertheira f 50 Knitlingen f 50 Heyinsheira f 50 Weerfelden f 50 Horabourg f .50 Rosibach f 50 In these Col-/ Braskenheira f 50 nTgh'Migh't-N^™^^'^^™ f 50 inesses pay IWurraberg f 50 the salaiy. of N-Weechtenblch, Mancheblay, &c.f 50 '^frl:iJf-}^e^-^erS f50 several otherV. Holtsappel, le rcste f31 4 631 4 villages also. £2 ggg 4 Isaac Behaghel. {From Vaudois Pastors to Mr, Hill : see page 840.) Frankfort, December 23rd, 1711. Sir, We cannot sufficiently thank you, for ourselves and our colleagues, for your kindness in causing to be paid to us, by Mons. Behaghel, £229 sterUng, or the value thereof. 984 TRANSLATIONS. This sura being for the support of the Pastors and Schoolraas ters during the year ending October 1st, 1710, you raay well beUeve that it has been expended by anticipation long before its receipt, and that we must stand in need of a sirailar sum for the subsequent year, which ended on the 1st of last Oct. We venture to hope, Sir, that you will lend a hand to ena ble us to subsist by the allowance without the necessity of bor rowing. It was about this time of the year that the Cheva lier Chardin used to draw our pensions for the year fallen due, and send them to us on our receipts. Our having now been so long In arrear we attribute to his age, and the state of his health. We will not repeat to you. Sir, that In Piedmont we used to draw 100 English crowns for each Minister, and 50 for each Schoolraaster, and that since we have been in this country we have never received so rauch, there being an an nual deficiency, on the whole amount, of more than 30 pieces. If that could be redressed by your charitable intervention we should owe you extreme obligations. We have, with just grief, heard of your indisposition ; and we offer up constant prayers that God raay deliver you frora It by his grace, and restore you to coraplete and lasting health, granting to you and yours the most precious blessings. We are, with respect and gratitude. Sir, Your most obedient humble servants, Papon, Vaudois Pastor. D. Jordan, Vaudois Pastor. To his Excellency Mr, Hill, {Receipt qf M, Henry Arnaud for Royal Pension ; see page 842.) The undersigned, acknowledges to have received, from the hands of Mons. Isaac Behaghel, merchant and banker at Francfort on the Maine, the sura of £50 sterling, or the value thereof, which his Excellency Mr. Hill has had the goodness to pay to hira, by order of the glorious and charitable Queen of Great Britain, who honours ray faraily with her Royal pen sion, of which I receive the half, for the year 1710, with deep gratitude and constant prayers for her sacred person, and for the happy issue of all her undertakings. Done at Tirraents, in Wirteraberg, August 30th, 1712. Henry Arnaud, Pastor of the Vaudois. {From the Directors of the Offenbach School to Mr, Hill : seepage 842.) By the information of Mons. Isaac Behaghel, of Frankfort, translations. 985 ire are again asured of the care iiMch your Sxeellent^ has b^towed on the interests of our School ; and we are anxioos to ac^owledge the receipt of the £15 last sent, and to Tetnin our most hmnble thanks, adding at the same time the usoal discharge ; and we h^ of jonr ^J^ceOeney to preserve for ns tiie Rojal &TOiDr, and that of my Lords the Beverend Bench of SSsliaps, as well as your own. On our part we shall not fidl fo praj Heaven to preserve for ns. and for all Christendom, her Mnesty, the inctmparable Queen of Great Britain, and to bkss all ber good intentions, and to take jbor Sxcellencj and your HJiisfiions &nuly into bis boly protection. Ever re- mainmg. Sir, Your Excellency's Most obedient bumble servants, Matthias Store, Connsellor, and Director of tbe School. CoHBAD Broske, Court Minister, & Director of tbe School. (Reee^yar Reyai Pensiaii to the Offimbach School: see page 84S.) We bexebj acknowledg to have dnij received, b j die mn- mficraice of die most Serene and potent Anne, Queen of Great Britain, fifteen pounds stedii^ remitted by die most excel- kaott gendeman, Mr. Biehard TTiTI, and paid to us by !Mt. Isiac BebagbeL, mercbant of F^cankfort, as balf die aDowanoe fiiir the year 1711—^1% for die support of the school of this place. Of^ibacb on die Maine, September Srd, 171.t?. Matthias Stork:, Counsellor of !^nbui^, and Director of tbe School. CoiiBAD Broskr, Court Pastor, and Director of tbe SebooL (From Mr. I. Behaghel to 3Ir. BSil : see page 843.) Frankfort, March ^aA, 1714. Sr, I bad the honour of duly receiiing your welcome &- vour of die S^d of Febmaij, OJS., and am bappy to bear of your continued good bealtb. If&iy God preserve yon for ma ny years, and grant me die oppfirtnnity of being useful to you in these parts. You bate aSbrded much gratification. Sir, to tbe Yaudois Ministers and Schoobnasteis by remitting^ or ^ring hope of rramttiog, to them some of die Boyal pennon. T have sent 6e 986 TRANSLATIONS. the bill ofexchange for £150 sterUng to Wirtemberg to be signed or indorsed, as also that for M. Arnaud of £100 sterling. I will send them to you as soon as they are returned to rae ; but as these people are dispersed in villages, at a good distance frora one another, it will be about a week before I can get thera back. It would have been better for you to pay the money to Messrs. Olmius, and I might have paid thera here at our next fair. But since it has pleased you to do other wise I ara content. If you wish to do so on another occasion I promise to send j'ou their acquittances, or your bill of ex change as soon as received. There Is nothing to be said about the £100 which Is for M. Arnaud ; but It is necessary for rae to know how to distribute the £150. I presume there is to be as usual f or £100 for the 7 Vaudois ministers, and ^ or a £50 for the Schoolmasters. On this point I await your pos itive orders. You have only to give your letter In reply to Messrs. Olmius. I Intended to write to you respectingher state of the colonies ; but since M. Papon, one of the minis ters, has written the annexed letter, which he begs rae to for ward to you, I refer to that. As to the bill of exchange for £30, for the School of Offen bach, I have had It signed by the Governors and Managers of the School, and have even paid thera the value on their strong soUcitations. I sent the bill of exchange to Messrs. Olraius indorsed in their favour, and I beg you will pay the £30 to thera. Awaiting the honour of a reply, I am raost cordially, Sir, Your obedient hurable servant. To Mr. HiU. Isaac Behaghel. There is no need of recoraraending these poor people to me for I have their Interest at heart, having by M. d' Herwart's order distributed the English collection araong thera. At the tirae that M. Valkeraer was establishing thera, they all, great and sraall, had recourse to rae daily. {Mr. I. Behaghel to Mr. Hill : see page 844.) Frankfort, Septeraber 13th, 1716. Sir, I have duly received, by way of Hanover, and by the hands of M. Robeton, the honour of your welcorae letter of the 12th of August, also that of Mr. Chetwynd. I have seen how It was thought proper to dispose of the £1000 sterling,' which M. d'Herwart had remitted to the Treasury. ' See page 827. TRANSLATIONS. 987 The £340. 6s. sterling,' which you order me to pay to the Vaudois Ministers and Schoolraasters, also to the School at Offenbach, and to Mr. Jordan for the expenses of his journey, shall be punctually paid ; and as soon as I can obtain receipts they shall be sent to you, as your discharge and raine. I have sent your letter of exchange to Messrs. Jaques, Fre derick, and Paul Jordis, Merchants, London, endorsed in their favour, requesting you to pay it to them. Comraending rayself to your favour, I ara with all ray heart, and perfect respect. Sir, Your raost obedient hurable servant, Isaac Behaghel. [To Mr, Hill,] My cordial respects to Mr. Chetwynd. APPENDIX K. Containing a specimen of the cipher as referred to page ix, of the preface. March, 3rd, 170|. S-^ I have rec* y'^ of \f^ Se 5"" of Febr : & you will see by ray last of w"*" I enclose a copy how extreraely welcome they were, &I have nothing to adde In answer to y"^ last but that his B. H. may de pe n d upon all that 1 ment ion ed 321 105 62 482 161 221 83 38 990 415 539 780 655 636 164 on our part both for the secur it y Ni ce & the at te 502 805 669 573 448 388 1112 329 134 212 153 728 279248 m p t on Toulon onely I must observe to you the K- of the 79 95 115 502 1822 666 336 780 484 951 250 556 1209 Rom : that though there may be some difficulty & re all iu 644 539 1124 843 482 146 692 1316 135 568 232 415 465 convenien ce in em ha r king five or six thousand men 1029 153 465 441 145 103 332 762 214 529 1541 483 on ho ard of our fleet though Sr. G. R. should take with him 502 149 413 215 805 1043 1124 1924 971 695 852 632 into the Medi: some tr an sp o r t ships as 922 388 1782 692 383 278 374 89 108 120 972 110 140 he will be order'd to do & lesse than that number will 585 1276 1088 165 2.50 296 568 788 696 539 1308 1278 1 See page 828. 6e2 988 specimen of the cipher. not be sufficient for this at te m t yet we ap pre 146 1673 118 448 538 279 248 78 119 4€6 260 280 362 he n d his H : will find great er difficulty in march ing 185 84 35 321 63 399 760 766 168 1316 134 465 936 638 his tr o op s by la n d and there will be still 321 383 89 354 112 284 199 84 40 568 843 1276 973 great er difficulty in just ing the meeting of 766 168 1316 135 465 143 778 638 388 652 638 215 our fleet & these tr o op s at the sa me time 805 1043 568 840 383 89 354 112 279 388 238 205 698 with out which the at te m p t cannot bo made with 852 665 1136 388 279 248 80 94 120 885 146 795 852 pro ha bi li tv of success for either will al arm the 508 145 148 201 385 215 1254 448 755 399 415 565 388 French & there upon they will prepare for a defen ce which 1466 568 843 990 701 399 1235 448 20 1458 153 1136 Ihey cannnot so well make if they are su r pr is ed 701 885 241 549 793 326 701 416 242 105 359 328 165 with 8 fleet & Army at on ce I do not sa 852 21 1043 568 1011 279 502 153 780 296 489 238 y this to diver t his H : from such me sures as 135 538 250 891 119 321 64 763 688 205 1538 109 140 he thinks best but to propos e an other mo th 185 984 11) 878 570 250 1096 45 278 1090 205 386 od of effect ing this great enterprise if the other should 393 215 754 638 538 766 1600 671 326 388 1090 971 be im pr ac ti c able & that the pre fe re 146 468 359 141 249 29 869 568 539 388 362 173 232 ce may be give n to that which is d as si est 153 482 146 623 83 250 539 1136 328 41 140 240 442 & most effect u all of which his R, H, is to judge .568 651 754 123 415 503 1136 321 104 62 328 250 779 and the the r be cause the flfty thou : pounds which 728 271 388 106 146 739 388 1184 1541 813 109 1136 vet are to ofi'er when you find it necessary depend on tha 406 416 250 949 994 556 960 329 1365 1175 502 388 uccess your propos all in your 's of the is entirely 1254 719 1096 415 465 719 109 215 388 f, 328 1176 336 approve d to o & what you desire will be done vi 569 255 35 250 88 568 854 556 890 1276 436 42 256 z the Comn s, by the next po st the money you ex 136 388 1445 109 .571 800 223 243 388 1530 556 304 pe n d in it will be all o we d nay the Queen 221 85 39 465 322 1276 415 90 260 35 210 134 678 is con ten t to be are two th ir d s if 238 428 535 415 250 14« 416 536 386 325 39 112 326 specimen of the cipher. 989 the St : Genl. s cr u pi e one ha 1 f the f 388 1929 110 291 124 360 45 666 184 73 51 388 52 ri ga te s sent with all ex pe di tion with 179 248 111 Sec 531 852 415 304 221 162 1120 852 orders to follow yr. orders & shall br ing five 1088 112 250 1750 719 1088 113 568 691 420 638 762 hundred fire lo c s & as many ba y on e ts with 1480 1189202 30 109 568 140 940 145 134 502 44 252 852 twenty ha 1 ba r d s it is observ'd here that the 1261 184 73 145 103 39 114 923 951 38 463 539 388 letters from Paris take notice of the Savoy Amb rs: be 1213 113 763 953 625 1903 215 388 1928 1712 111 146 ing stUl there you are not to press for his re vo ca 638 973 84^ 556 416 489 250 811 448 321 232 391 152 tion least it should lo o k like susp it ion hut ti' 1120 790 329 971 202 89 71 478 689 329 636 570 249 8 wish t he were re ca 1 le d 113 709 120 185 710 232 152 73 203 39 you do ex treamly well to observe the English Physician lately corae to Turin. In all probability not only the K. of Spain but the convoy also with the last Troops Is safely arrived at Lisbon, for the wind has been constantly fair since their departure. I ara Your raost hurable servant, Nottingham. Whitehall, 7th July, 1704. Sir, of the danger the Duke of Wee are sensible here 503 388 1312 388 746 215 Savoy if not su p port ed tak 1928. wIU be In 326 489 242 93 511 165. and are 695 ing best me a su re s for his en co u 638 the 878 205 15 242 232 109 448 321 303 155 122 ra ge men t Sr. G, R. and Sr. C. Sho : 231 180 483 115thereIsnodoubtbut 1924 568 1810 are joy ne d con te n ts of 416 635 211 35, and according to the 428 246 83 252 215 Sr. G. R. s last letter s he is re tu r ne d 1924 119 475 1213 110 185 328 232 251 103 211 41 into the Mediterranean good couut en ane 922 1782 which will give you 769 600 303 563 e as necessary to provi de 48 on that side but it seeraes 140 1362 250 954 161 also for some help an im mediat e su p port 448 692 619 either by 278 468 1361 46 242 96 511 or 990 specimen of the cipher. by way of di ver tion in Italy of 284 400 503 162 846 1120 465 1065 and In case 215 success in Bavaria the Elector can be gain ed cither 1254 465 1578 and that 388 1319 429 146 625 165 755 by force or tr e a ty to 284 904 219 383 42 21 385 the next work wUl be 250 at te m p t dr i pi ing the French out of 279 248 82 96 118 299 65 222 638 388 1166 665 503 Italy di ver t my Ld Marie : from 1065 and I believe nothing will 162 846 120 1900 763 that design service of so much consequence as 539 1219 there being no 1532 215 241 794 1858 153 140 the assisting German ing the D. of Savoy 388 1014 638 1816 638 388 746 503 1928. Count Maf fei goes on board to raorrow. I ara S' Y'' raost humble servant, C. Hedges. FINIS. WHITCHURCH, SALOP : PRINTED BY 3. WALFORD. LIST OF WORKS PUBLISHED BY MR. MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET, LONDON, publisheh to the admikaliy and boabd of longitude. HISTORY. STATE PAPERS DURING THE REIGN OP KING HENRY VIII. PubUshed by AuihorUy. 5 vols. 4tOt 20;. each. CORRESPONDENCE AND DESPATCHES OF THE GREAT DUKE OP MARLBOROUGH, from 1702 to 1712. Recently discovered at "Woodstock. Edited by Sir Gborob Murray, G.CB. Vol. I. to III. 8vo. 20s. each. "A discovery has recently been made, the interest of which it is not possible to overrate. In a house near the town of Woodstock, there had been lying for many years certain boxes, supposed to contain deeds and papers apper taining to the Marlborough estates, whose dust nobody had ever thought of disturbing, and the existence of which was unknown to Archdeacon Coxe when he had the ransacking of all the documentary stores of Blenheim. 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"These laborious and highly meritorioui investiga- tioni."— Jffcan^e/ttfa/ Magazine, [January, 10^5.] Mr. MURRAY'S LIST OF BOOKS.— Biotrapny. BIOGRAPHY. LIFE OF LORD CHANCELLOR ELDON ; including hfa Corrcspondonce, and Snicctlons from hfs Anecdote Book. By Horach Twiss, Esq., ono of Her Majesty's CounseL With Portraits. Second Edition. 3 vols. Svo, 42f. "This is a sterling work and will Vive,"— Quarterly Review. " Mr. Twiss has just crowned a literary life more laborl ouB and more important in its labours than the world i; perhaps aware of, by a biographical work, which, in point of interest and permanent value, is not surpassedby .inyof tho class to which it belongs."— Worning- Chron. " Cannot fail to stand amongst tho sterling additions to our higher biographical literature, as the memorial, by a candid, cultivated, and discreet mind, of one of the most remarkable men in the later English annals."— Jlfomin^ Post. " This work will live with postprlty, and he esteemed aa one of the most valuable contributions to the standard literature of the age. . . ."—Times. "These volumes abound in capital anecdotes— possess passages of very effective writing— and form a work which ought to be in the library of every lawyer, statesman, and English gentleman.*'— ^/acXrwood, MEMOIRS AND CORRESPONDENCE OF LIEUT. GEN. SIR HUDSON LOWE. Edited by his Bon. 8vo. In the Press. "These Memoirs embrace an Account of Fubllo Affhlra in the Mediterranean from 1792 to 1812| tho most Im portant Events in the Liberation War In Germany {18IS), and in the Campaign of France (1814) leading to tho Downfall of Napoleon ; the political and military Trans actions in tbe Netherlands, immediately previous to tbe Campaign of Waterloo • and public and personal Proceed ings during the Detention of Napoleon at St. Helena." III. LIFE OF LORD HILL. Commander op the FoRCBS. From Authentic Documents supplied by his Family and Friends. Dy Rov. ED\ns Siunby. 6vo. Nearly ready. CORRESPONDENCE OF THE RIGHT HONOURABLE RICHARD HILL, Envoy Extraordi nary from tbe Court of St. James to tho Duko of Savoy, In tho reign of Quocn Anne. By Rev. W. Blacksy, B.A. 2 vols. Svo. Nearly Ready. MEMOIR OF WILLIAM TAYLOR, OF NORWICH, Including his Correspondence with Southoy. By J. W. RoBBBRDS, Esq. Portrait. 2 vols. Svo, 30f. " The narrative is that of an able man— and the corres pondence as Interostingasany we are likely to see revealed for many years to come." — Quarterly Review. LIFE OF DR. ANDREW BELL, Author of the System of Mutual Tuition. VoL 1 by Robert Southey, LL.D. Vols. 2 and 3 by tho Rev. C. C. Southey. 3 vols. Svo, 421. "A posthumous work of the late Mr, Southey cannot fail to excite interest. A Life from his pen of Dr. Bell, for whom and whose system he was known to feel so marked a respect, illustrates tbe veneration which greatness has for greatness." — Atheneeum. VII. LIFE OF SIR DAVID WILKIE ; With his Letters, Journals, and Critical Remarks on Works of Art, during bis tours in France, the Netherlands, ttaly, Spain, Germany, Turkey, Egypt, and the Holy Land. By Allan Cuhninoilah, Esq. Portrait. 3 vols. Svo. 42«. " Mr. Allan Cunningham has done justice to his subject, and produced a work of great interest and utility,"— Gen- tteman*s Magazine, VIII. LIFE OF ROBERT BURNS. By J. G. locurABT, Esq, Fourth Edition^ fcap. SrOi 6#. Qd. \ LETTERS FROM EARL DUDLEY TO THE BISHOP OF LLANDAFF. Second Edition. Portrait Svo, 10*. dd. "A more Interesting volume has novor Issued IVom (ho press."— Iii/e/nry Qaxette, LIFE OF SIR SAMUEL ROMILLY, written by Himself, with hla LKTrnnH nnd IVtr.iricAL DiAnv, edited by lils Sons. Third i:dmon. Portrait. 2 vols. fcp. Svo, \'2s. "A narrative singularly touching and striking."— Athenwum, xt. MEMOIRS OF LOUD SYDENHAM; with Ills Administration in Canada, and his Corn'spondcnco. By G. Poulrtt BcnopE, Esq., M.P. Second ICdition, abrii1f/ed. Portrait. Svo, i)s. Gd. "\\c have risen trom the perusal of this work with much satisfaction. Our Interest in tho biographical nar rative never Q.batcd."—FraBer*a Magatine. LIFE OP BELISARIUS. By Lono Maiion, M.P. WItha Mop, Svo, 19i. " A valuable contribution to tho history of a must Into* resting era."— Lonrfon Magaxine. "An able and valuable performanco."—ilfon/A/^iI(ru(tfur, LIFE OF EDWARD GIBBON, with Solectlons from his Corrospondonoo, deo., nnd Notos. By Rov. IL IL MrLMAN, Minister of St. Mnrgnrot'i, and Prebendary of ^^'o9tmlnste^. Portrait. Svo, 9s. " Tho present volume Is a valuable nnd noccssary com- finnlon to tho Decline and FaU. No ono who (k'Blros to bo nformed In tho niost engaging and dlgninod manner of tho most Important eras In tho world's annals onn allow himself to remain unacquainted with tho Ilfo and oorrui- pondoncooflta very remarkable rxMUxot."— Monthly Raoiew. XIV. LIVES OF GALILEO, TYCHO BRAHE, AND KEPLER, the Martviib oir Scikncm. By Sir David BRKWBTim, LL.D. 12mo, It, " A pleasant contribution to our sclentlflo biography,"— AtheniEum. *'A very delightful performance, containing gom-Uko portraitures of three extraordinary geniuses."- Xj/srar^ Qaxette. XV. CORRESPONDENCE OP Dr. BENTLEY, Mastor of Trinity College, Cambrldgo. By tho Rov. Chris- Toi'KKn Woudbwortii, D.D., Prebendary of WestmlnBtor, With Notes and Illustrations. 3 vols. 8vo, 42#; " Maintains Bentley's high character for erudition."- Athenatum. XVI, MEMOIR OF WILLIAM SMITH, LL.D., The Geologist, Author of the Map of tho Strata of England and Wales. By bis Nophow and Pupil, JoHjr PiiiLLri'S, F.R.S. Svo, Is. 6d. " A grateful and gratifying recollection of tho Father of English Geology," — Literary Qaxette, XVII. LIFE OF LORD BYRON, WITH HIS LETTERS AND JOUUNALS. By Thomas Moorb, Esq. New and cheaper Edition. Portrait and Vlgnotto. Complete in ono volume, royal Rvo, 15s. LIFE OF CRABBE THE POET, With his Letters and .Journals. ByhlsSoK. New Edition. Plates, fcap. Svo, 7'. Qd, XIX. LIFE OF JAMES WATT. By M. Abaoo. Translated from the French, by J. P. Muuhxad, M.A. 8rO| s«. ea. MB. MUTKKAY'S lilST OF BOOKS.— Sellgion. RELIGIOUS LITERATURE. ' THE BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER, Cabbfully Annotated. With Illustrations, Illumi nations, Initials, Borders, Vignettes, &o. By Owen Jones, Architect. With Useful and Instructive Notes by a careful Editor. Svo. Nearly Ready. The Historical Illustrations are selected frotn the Works of the Pure Artists ofthe early Italian and German Schools. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE LITURGY AND RITUAL OP THE CHDBCH, being Sei-mons and Discourses of eminent Divines of the Seventeenth Cen tury.- By James Broodkn, M.A. 3 vols, post Svo, 27s. " A most valuable addition to every parochial clergy man's, and indeed toevery churchman's library. "—BtsAop tif Exeter's Charge. " Mr. Brogden's useful Collection of Discourses on the Liturgy and Ritual of the Chmoti."— Bishop of London's Charge. TIT. CATHOLIC SAFEGUARDS AGAINST THE ERRORS, CORRUPTIONS, AND NOVELTIES OP THE CHURCH OP BOMB. Selected from Emi. nent Divines of the Church of England. By James BaooDEN, M.A. 4 vols. Svo. (In the Press.) SERMONS PREACHED AT WHITEHALL. By the Rev. W. J. Convbeare, M.A., Principal of the Collegiate Institution, Liverpool, and one of her Majesty's Preachers. Svo, 9f . BIBLICAL RESEARCHES IN PALES TINE, MOUNT Si:SAI, AND ARABIA PETRjEA, being a Journal of Travels, undertaken in reference to Biblical Geography. By the Rev. Dr. Robtnson and Kev. Eli Sjhtth. With new Maps and Plans. 3 vols. 8vo, 46j. " We have found more solid and important information on the geography and topography of the Holy Land, than has accumulated since the days ot 'S.ela.ni.."— Quarterly Beoiew. " The most important contribution to Biblical Geography which has appeared since the days of St. Jerome." — Atheiueum. "By far the most important contribution to Biblical History and Geography made in our time." — Examiner. " To the religious world and the Biblical Scholar this work will be one of high interest."— Spectator. VT. DIALOGUES BETWEEN A BRAHMIN AND A CHRISTIAN ON THE EVIDENCES OF CHRISTIANITY. By William Sewell, B.D., late Pro fessor of Moral Philosophyat Oxford. Feap. Svo, 7s. 6d. " Ably, and in general satisfactorily, treated ; the style animated and eloquent." — Gentleman's Magazine. THE BOOK Of'tHE CHURCH, With Notes containing References to the Authorities, and an Index. By Robert Southev, LL.D. Fifth Edition. Svo, 12>. " I offer to those who regard with love and reverence the religion which they have received from their fathers, a brief but comprehensive record, diligently, faithfully, and conscientiously composed, which they may put into the hands of their children."— Pr^ace. VIII. THE THEOGONY OF THE HINDOOS, with their systera of Philosophy and Cosmogony. By Count Bjornstjbrna, 8v.o. HYMNS FOR THe' CHURCH SERVICE, arranged for every Sunday. By Bishop Hebeb. Eleventh Edition. 16mo, 2s. The public estimation of the Plan of this little work is shown by the fact of Eleven Editions having been called for, and the sa'-e of upwards of Twelve Thousand Copies, PARISH SERMONS ; On the Lessons, the Gospel, or the Epistle, for every Sunday and Principal Festival in the Year. By the late Bishop Heber. Fifth Edition. 2 vols, post Svo, 16s. " I believe that these Sermons will add a new interest and lustre to the name of Reginald Heber, and will awaken a fresh regret for his loss." — 5tr Robert Ingtis'a Preface. XI. SERMONS PREACHED IN ENGLAND. - By the late Bishop Hbbbr. Second Edition. Svo, 9s. Qd. XII, JOURNEY THROUGH ARABIA PETR^A to MOUNT SINAI, and the Excavated City of Petra,— . tho Edom of the Prophecies. By M. Leon de Laborde. Second Edition. AVith 65 Plates, Woodcuts, and Maps. 8vo, ISs. " A publication of extreme value and interest to every Christian."— jUriiisA Critic. " All ministers and students should possess themselves of this splendid volume."— JSoan^efeai Magazine. xiii. PASTORAL LETTER TO HIS CLERGY ON THE OBSERVANCE OF THE RUBRIC IN THE BOOK OP COMMON PRAYER. By the Bishop OF Exeter. Fcap. Svo, 3rf. XIV. A CHARGE DELIVERED TO HIS CLERGY, at his Triennial Visitation, in 1842. By the Bishop op Eikter. Second Edition, Fcap. Svo, 2s. XV.' A LETTER TO HIS CLERGY ON THE OFFERTORY. By the Bishop of Exeter. Svo, ed. XVI. AN ORDINATION SERMON PREACHED in the Cathedral Church of Exeter. By the Bishop op Exeter. 12ino, Is. "A brief and earnest manual of sound church doctrine." — Morning Post. 'xvii. THE WIDOW'S MITE ; a Sermon preached n behalf of the National Society ; with a Pastoral Letter to the Inhabitants of Plymouth. By the Bishop of Exeter. 12mo, 6 Second Edition, Plates and Woodcuts. Imperial Svo, 28*'. DISCOVERIES IN 'ancient LYCIA; b^Ing a Journal kept during a Second and more Recent Excursion in Asia IMinor in 1840. By Charles Fellows, Esq. Plates and Woodcuts. Imperial Svo, 21. 2s. "Our author has discovered eleven ancient Lycian cities, and has allowed the learned world to perceive that Lycia is amine of antiquarian treasures, of which he bas only Boraped the surface.".— ^M^ntsum, A SHORT ACCOUNT OF THE XANTHIAN MARBLES, discovered by! Charles Fellows, Esq. in Asia Minor, and now deposited in the British Museum. Plates. Imperial Svo, 5s. RESEARCHES in ASIA MINOR, PONTUS, AND ARMENIA ; with some Account of the Antiquities and Geology of those Countries. By W. L. Hamilton, Esq., M.P., Secretary to the Geological Society, Map, Plates. 2 vols. Svo, 38*. "Mr. Hamilton's archseoTogical researches and his nar rative in general, have our warmest commendations." — Athemeum, XSgrypt and tbe East. XXll. MODERN EGYPT AND THEBES : being a,I»esoription of Egypt; with Information for Trayel- lera in that Coimtry. By Sib Gardner Wilkinson. Woodouts and Map, 2 vols. Svo, 42*. " No one should visit Egypt, or take the overland pas sage to India, without availing himself of this work as his traveUing Companion. It should be used as a Hand-book by all who travel to India, or make the Tour of Egypt and 'XheheB."— Evangelical Magazine. "An invaluable guide to all who visit the valley of the Mi.">—Athen(Bum. XXIII. MANNERS AND CUSTOMS OF THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS, derived from Hieroglyphics, Soulptiire, Paintings, &c., still existing, compai-ed with Ancient Authors. By Sir Gardner Wilkinson. Second , Edition. With 600 lUustrationg. 6 vols. Svo, 6?. 8*. "Sir Gardner Wilkinson has done more to make the people pf the Pharaohs known to us moderns Ihau any contemporary mitei.^'—Athcnaum. CAIRO, PETRA, AND DAMASCUS ; from Notes made during a Tour in those Countries. By John G. Kinnear, Esq. Post 8vo, 9s. 6d. ''Short, pleasant, and interesting; we find ourselves, when we close the book, in a tolerable state of familiarity with Eastern manners." — Times. _" Mr. Kinnear writes extremely well, and his descrip tions proclaim hira a good ohseiyer."~-Examiner, Polynesia and tbe Soutb Seas. VOYAGE OF DISCOVERY AND' RE- SEARCH, IN THE'l SOUTHERN AND ANTARCTIC SEAS; during 1839-40-41-42-43. By Captain Sir James Clark Ross, Knt. Plates and Maps. 2 vols. Svo. In the Press. " These volumes will contain an Account of Kergnelen Island, Van Dieraen*s Land, Campbell and Auckland Island, New Zealand, Falkland Islands, Cape Horn, and New South Shetland, The Discovery of a Southern Con tinent named Victoria Land, and the determination of the South Magnetic Pole." XXVI. TRAVELS IN NEW ZEALAND, By Routes through the interior. With contributions to the Geography, Geology, Botany, and Natural History of the Islands. By Ernest DiBFFENBACH, M.D., Naturalist io the New Zealand Company. Plates. 2 vols. Svo, 24*. "Incomparably the best work which has yet appeared." — Christian Remembrancer. *' A book from which the reader will draw a vast deal of information and amusement." — Glasgow Argus. Africa. XXVII. FIFTY DAYS ON BOARD A SLAVE- VESSEL IN THE MOZAMBIQUE CHANNEL. By Rev. p. G. Hill, Chaplain of H. M. S. Cleopatra, Map. Fcap. Svo, 3s. 6d. " We hope this little hook will have a wide circulation. We can conceive nothing so likely to do good to the righteous cause it is intended to proraote." — Examiner. ** Mr. Hill is a pleasant, unaffected, and elegant writer, with a fund of good sense, and his brief and popular work is well adapted for public circulation." — Spectator, Central and Soutb America. XXVIII. INCIDENTS OF TRAVEL IN YUCATAN. Being a Second Visit to tho Ruined Citiea of Central America. By John L. Stephens, Esq. 120 Engravings. 2 vols. 8yo, 425. INCIDENTS OF TRAVEL IN CENTRAL AMERICA, CHIAPAS, AND YUCATAN. By John L. Stephens, Esq. 58 Engravings. 2 vols. Svo, 32f. "At once so amusing in tiieir details and so instructive in their inquiries."— iiierar^ Qaxette. " These delightful volumes 1 It is grievous to quit a store so brimful to overflowing of what we like best." — Athenaum. '• The pleasantest and best work that has lately ap peared." — Spectator. Of these Travels 15,000 copies have been sold. LETTERS ON SOUTH AMERICA; Cora- prising Travels on the Banks of the Parana and Hio de la Plata. By J. P. and W. F. Robertson. 3 vols, post Bvo, 28s. 6d. XXXI. RAPID JOURNEYS ACROSS THE PAM PAS and among the AnJes. By Sir Francis B. Head, Bart. Third Edition, post Bvo, 9*. 6d. XXXII. BUENOS AYRES, AND THE PROVINCES OP mo DE LA PLATA, By Sir 'Woodbinb Parish, K.C.H. Map. Bvo, 18i. Mb. MXTRRAY'S LIST OP BOOKS.— Voyage* and TraveU. xxxin. JOURNAL OF A PASSAGE FROM THE PACIFIC TO THE ATLANTIC, crossing the Andes in the Northern Provinces of Pern, and descending the great River Maranon. By Henry Lister Maw, R.N. Bvo, \2s. ITortb America. XXXIV. TOUR THROUGH THE SLAVE STATES, from the River Potomac, by Baltimore in Maryland, to Texas and the Frontiers of Mexico. By G. W. Fbathkr- BTONiuuGH, Esq. With Plates. 2 vols. Svo, 26;. "His notices of the natural history of the districts through which he passed are novel and interesting, particularly his account of the mines, and his other geological memoranda : and his occasional pictures oftheheroes of thejbowie knife, the gentleman slave breeders, and various strange species ofthe genus Aomo he met with during his travels are re in arkably characteristic and entertaining.*' — New Monthly Magazine. XXXV. ' A YACHT VOYAGE TO TEXAS, AND THE GULF OF MEXICO, during the Year 1843. By Mrs. HoDSTOUN. With I^lates. 2 vols, post Svo. 21s. "Worth a cart-load of modern travels." — Morning Chronicle. "A work which every one should read." — Times, XXXVI. FOREST SCENES AND INCIDENTS IN THE WILDS OP CANADA. By Sm George Head. Second Edition. Post Svo, 10;. XXXVII. BACKWOODSMAN'S ACCOUNT OF UP PER CANADA : for the Use of Emigrants. Third Edition. Fcap. Svo, 1*- 6d. XXXVIII. EXCURSIONS IN NEWFOUNDLAND; With an Account of the Cod Fishory— Fog Banlis— Sealing Expedition, ^c. ; and a Geological Survey of the Island. By J. B. Jukes, Esq. Map. 2 yols. post Bvo, Zls, LETTERS FROM CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES. Written during a Journey in North America. By J. R. Godley, Esq. 2 vols, post Svo. 16/. " Here is at least one English book of which the Ame ricans cannot reasonably complain." — Atheneeum. •' The production of a sensible and intelligent traveller." .— Eclectic Review. OREGON, CALIFORNIA, AND OTHER TERRITORIES ON THE N.W. COAST OP AMERICA. By Robert Greenhow, Librarian to the Department of State of the United States. Map. Bvo. 16/. Europe. xu. RUSSIA ITNDER NICHOLAS THE FIRST. From the German. By Capt. A. C. Sterling. Fcap. Bvo. 5/. " Lively and comprehensive." — Athentsum. •' A record of worth and utility." — Literary Gazette. XLII. DOMESTIC MANNERS OF THE RUSSIANS. Described from a Year's Residence in that Country, chiefly in the Interior. By the Rev. R. Lister Venables, M.A. Post Bvo, 9». 6d. xtiii. NORWAY AND HER LAPLANDERS; with a Few Hints to the Salmon Fisher in Norway. By John Milford, Esq. 8vo, 10*. 6d. XLIV. PORTUGAL AND GALLICIA, Descrihed from Notes made during a Journey to these Countries. By the Eari, of Carnarvon. Second Edition. 2 vols, post Bvo, 2U. "A work of superior ability, interest, and value."— United Service Journal. "These lively and various pages."— .dMenaum. BIBLE IN SPAIN; Or the Journeys, Adventures, and Imprlsonmonts of nn Englishman in an Attempt to circulate the Scriptures In the Peninsula. By Qkoroe Borrow, Esq. Fourth Edition. 3 vols, post Bvo, 27*. " Mr. Borrow has come out bs an English Author of high mark. We are reminded of Gil Bias, in the narrative! of this pious, single-hearted man."— Quarterly Review. Also a Clieap EdUion for the Colonies, Post Buo.Sj. GYPSIES OF SPAIN ; Their Manners and Customs, Religion and Language. By George Borrow, Esq. Third Edition. 2vols. postBvo, I8». " A curious, a very curious work, aud contains some of the most singular, yet authentic descriptions of the gipsy race wiiich have ever been given to the public." — Literary Gazette. '• Evidently the work ofa man of uncommon and higlily interesting endowments." — Quarterly Review. XLVII. NARRATIVE OF TRAVELS IN AUSTRIA. With Remarks on the Social and Political Condition of that Country. By Peteb Evan Turnbull, Esq. 2vol8. 8vo,24<. XLVIII. TOUR IN AUSTRIAN LOMBARDY, NORTHERN TYROL, AND BAVARIA. By JoHK BADRotv, Esq. Woodcuts. Post Bvo, 10/. S<(. "Agieeably written, faithful and minute." — Athenaum. XLIX. BUBBLES FROM THE BRUNNEN OF NASSAU. By An Old Man. Sixth Edition. ]6mo, 6i. " Just suited for the pocket and for the llhino Travel. lers. "—Athenaium, DATES AND DISTANCES; Showing what may he done In a Tour of Sixteen Months upon tho Continent of Europe. Post Bvo, 8/. 6d. LETTERS FROM THE PYRENEES ; OR, THREE MONTHS' PEDESTRIAN WANDERINGS amidst tho wildest Scenes of the FRENCH and SPANISH. MOUNTAINS. By T. Clifton Paris, B.A. Woodcuts. Post Bvo, 10*. 6d. " Contain better descriptive passages, strikingly pic turesque, and without the least strain and cflbrt, than wo recollect in any book of the same light pretension."— Examiner, 'lii. A RIDE ON HORSEBACK THROUGH PRANCE AND SWITZERLAND. TO FLORENCE; described in a Scries of Letters. By A Lady. 2 vols.' Post Bvo, 18*. liii. AN ARCHITECTURAL TOUR IN NOR- MANDY, with some Remarks on Norman Architecture. ByH.G.KmoHi,M.P. Second Edition, Plates. Post Bvo. 9>.6c;. iiv. LETTERS FROM ITALY. With Sketches of History, Literature, and Akt. By Catharine Tavloh. Second Edition. 2vols. postBvo, 17/* " A more pleasant and instructive book, to assist in that higher branch of education, cannot he imagined."— Britannia. LT, LETTERS FROM THE BYE-WAYS OF ITALY. By Colonel and Mrs. Stibted. With Illustra tions. Bvo. Nearly ready, Lrr. THE MANUFACTURING DISTRICTS OP ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND, Including the Channel Islands and Isle of Man. By Sir Oeoboe Head. Third Edition, 2 vols, post Bvo, lis. Me, MURRAY'S LIST OF BOOKS.— Hand-books. HAND-BOOKS FOR TRAVELLERS, detailed cmd precise Information respectmg Steamers, Passports, Moneys, Cfmdes and Servants, with bvrections for Travellers, ami Hints for Tcmrs. 12. HANDBOOK FOR EGYPT AND THEBES. With all the necessary information for Travellers in that Country, and on the Overland Passage to India. By Sir Gardner Wilkinson. WoodcutsandMap. 2 vols. Bvo, 42s. 13. HAND-BOOK FOR SPAIN, ANDALUSIA, GRANADA, CATALONIA, MADRID, &o. Maps. Post Bvo. Nearly Ready. 14. HAND-BOOK FOR ENGLAND— THE NORTHERN AND MIDLAND COUNTIES; CUMBER LAND, YORKSHIRE, NORTH and SOUTH WALES, DERBYSHIRE, the MANUFACTURING DISTRICTS, &e. Map. Post Bvo. Nearly ready. 15. HAND-BOOK FOR ENGLAND— THE SOUTHERN AND WESTERN COUNTIES. Map. Post BvOi In preparation. 16. HAND-BOOK FOR LONDON, PAST AND PRESENT ; a Complbte Guide to Stranoers, alphabeti cally arranged, to facilitate reference. Map. Post Svo. ¦ In preparation, 17. HAND-BOOK FOR THE PUBLIC GAL LERIES OP ART in and near London. With Catalogues of the Pictures, accompanied hy Historical and Biographical Notices. By Mrs. Jameson, Post Bvo. 18. HAND-BOOK FOR HAMPTON COURT and NEIGHBOURHOOD ; a Road-Book to the Palace and Guide to the Picture Gallery and Gardens. By Edward Jesse, Esq. Fifth Edition. Woodcuts, Fcap. Bvo, '.Is, 6d. 19. HAND-BOOK FOR WINDSOR and ETON, a Guide to the Palace, Picture Gallery, and Gardens. By Edward Jesse, Esq. Second Edition. Woodcuts. Fcap. Svo, 2s. 6d. 20. HAND-BOOK FOR WESTMINSTER' ABBEY; its ART, ARCHITECTURE, and ASSOCIA TIONS. By Peter Cunninoham, Esq. Woodcuts. Fcap. Bvo, is. 6d. 1. HAND-BOOK FOR HOLLAND, BELGIUM, PKDSSIA, NORTHERN GERMANY, and the RHINE, from HOLLAND to SWITZERLAND. Map. Post Svo, 12>. 2. HAND-BOOK FOR SOUTH GERMANY. BAVARIA-AUSTRIA — TYROL — SALZBURG — The AUSTRIAN and BAVARIAN ALPS, and the DANUBE, trom ULM to the BLACK SEA. Map. Post Bvo, 10s. 3. HAND-BOOK FOR SWITZERLAND, the ALPS ofSAVOY and PIEDMONT. Map. PostBvo, IDs. 4. HAND-BOOK ILLUSTRATIONS FOR NORTH AND SOUTH GERMANY AND SWITZER LAND. A Series of Maps and Plans of the most fre quented Roads, Cities, and Towns, &c. Engraved and coloured. 3 vols. PostBvo. Vol. 1,12s., vol. 2, 9s., vol. 3, 6s. 5. HAND-BOOK FOR NORTHERN EUROPE, DENMARK, NORWAY, SWEDEN, and RUSSIA. Map and Plans. Post Bvo, 12s. 6. HAND-BOOK FOR THE EAST, MALTA, the IONIAN ISLANDS, TURKEY, ASIA MINOR, and CONSTANTINOPLB. Maps. Post Bvo, 15s. 7. HAND-BOOK FOR NORTHERN ITALY, SARDINIA, GENOA, the RIVIERA, VENICE, LOM BARDY, and TUSCANY. Map. Post Bvo, 12s. 8. HAND-BOOK FOR CENTRAL ITALY, ROME, the PAPAL STATES, and CITIES of ETRURIA. Maps. Post Bvo, 15s. 9. HAND-BOOK FOR SOUTHERN ITALY, SICILY, AND NAPLES. Map. Post Bvo. Nearly ready. 10. HAND-BOOK OF PAINTING. ITALY. Being a short and easily intelligible guide, pointing out to the unlearned the leading styles of Art. "From the German of Kuoler, Post Bvo, 12/. 11. HAND-BOOK FOR FRANCE, NORMANDY, BRITTANY, the RIVERS LOIRE, SEINE, RHONE, and GARONNE ; the FRENCH ALPS, DAUPHINE', rilOVENCE, aud tho PYRENEES. Map. PostBvo, I2s. Critical capinioniS 011 tlje '^m^^^aaki, " Mr. Murray's series of Handbooks seem destined to embrace all the sights of the world." — Spectator. " The useful series of Handbooks issued by Mr. Murray." — Examiner. " Mr. Murray's excellent series. Compiled with great care. The information full and satisfactory." — Athenaum. " Well considered, well arranged, and well compressed. They combine every practical information, with satisfac tory descriptions and extracts from the most accomplished travellers, unencumbered with long historical details, wiiich not unfrequently are uselessly intruded into these manuals." — Gentleman's Magaxine. "An immense quantity of minute and useful information respecting all places of interest, presented in a plain miostentatiousandintelligiblemanner."- CTniVeiiSn-Sice eo«c«e. ' " All the information a traveller requires ; and supplies an answer to every dificulty which can possibly aiise." "An exceUent plan, and contains much in little compass, and is an amusing resource when the road is dull and out companion has fallen asleep."— 4sia«!c Journal. " A world of useful information."— ari«sft Magaxine. ''Capital guides I A man may traverse half the continent of Europe with them without asking a question." —LUerary Qaxette. <= ¦» n„'In"'V\!."'''"?''""'^"''"''°**''^"'*''^"™Senient, the specific character of their directions, the quantity and quaiuy o[ the matter they contain, as well as for the style and finish of the literary workmanship."-.SjDec<«y W. B. HAMU.TON, F.B.S. 2 Yds. post Svo, 4s. ed. each. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE LIFE OF THE ANCIENT GREEKS. Translated from the German of Henry Hase. Fcap. Svo, 5s. 6d, ''Some work appeared to be wanting on Grecian Anti quities, which, without being unnecessarily diffuse, should give a notion of the discoveries of modern scholars, and particularly of German scholars."'— Pre/ace. XIII. ESSAY ON THE PRONUNCIATION OF THE GREEK LANGUAGE. By G. J. Pennington, M.A. Late Fellow of King's College, Cambridge, Svo. 7s. 6d. XIV. SPECIMENS AND FAC-SIMILES OF ANCIENT WRITINGS discovered on the Walls and Streets of POMPEII. By the Rev. Christopher Words- WORTH, D.D. With Woodcuts. Svo, 5s. XV. INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OP THE GREEK CLASSICAL POETS. By Henry Nelson Coleridge, M.A. Second Edition, Fcap. Svo, 7s. 6d. XVL LATIN GRAMMAR FOR SCHOOLS, ' or KiNQ Edward the Sixth's Latin Grammar. New Edition, revised. 12mo, 3s. 6d. xvii. GREEK GRAMMAR. FOR SCHOOLS. Abridged from Matthije by Blomfield. New Edition, revised hy Edwards. 12mo, 3s. " The Editor has endeavoured to substitnte shorter and more simple definitions and explanations than those which are contained in the original work."— iJisAop of London's Preface. xviii. IGR^C^ GRAMMATICiE RUDIMENTA MINORA. 12mo, Is. 6<2, Part 2, including the Syntax. 12ma, 2s. ENGLISH NOTES for LATIN ELEGIACS ; designed for early proficients in the Art of Latin Versifica tion, with Prefatory Rules of Composition in Elegiac Metro. By the Rev. W. Oxenham, M.A., Second Master of Harrow School, 12mo, 4s. XX. GREEK VERBS, THEIR FORMATIONS, IRREGULARITIES, AND DEFECTS. By A. N. Car- MicHAEL, Classical Master in the Edinburgh Academy. Second Edition, Post Svo, 8s. Sd, " The author has displayed rauch industry and scholar ship, and left few sources of information unexplored. To the authorities for particular verbal forms, he has contri buted largely, and has rendered his book a storehouse of facts of the utmost value to the student and critic."— Tail's Magaxine. " Little leas than a complete lexicon of the language, in so far as the verb is concerned. Those who possess it will scarcely require any other dictionary to explain the mean ing or unfold the parts, or discover the diiferent construc tions of this the most essential element of speech." — Scot tish Literary Gaxette. XXI. • SIMPLIFIED LATIN GRAMMAR, Including Exercises and Vocabularies. By the Rev, Walter P. Powell, M.A., Head Master of th© Grammar School at Clitheroe. 12mo, 3s. Qd. ' XXII. GRAMMAR OF THE GERMAN LAN GUAGE, fur Beginners as well as the more advanced Learner. By G. M. Heilner. I2mo, Ids. " An exceUent practical introduction."— 5;>ec/a^ar. 10 Mr. MURRAY'S LIST OF BOOKS.— Education and Art. INSTRUCTION & ENTERTAINMENT FOR THE YOUNG. MRS. MARKHAM'S HISTORY OF ENG LAND, JVom the First Invasion by the Romans, to the Accession of Queen Victoria. For the Use of Young Persons. Eleventh Edition. Woodcuts. 12mo, 7s. 6d. MRS. 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PHILOSOPHY IN SPORT MADE SCIENCE IN EARNEST ; or the First Principles of Natural Philo sophy inculcated by Aid of the ordinary Toys and Sports of Youth. F(/Ui Edition. Woodcuts. Fcsp. 8ro, 8». " We know of no other book which so charmingly blends amusement with instruction. No juvenile book has been published in our time more entitied to praise." — Examiner. LITTLE ARTHUR'S HISTORY OF ENG LAND. By tbe late Lady Callcott. Seventh Edition, Woodcuts. 18mo, 3>. " This little History w.is written for a real little Arthur, and I have endeavoured to write it as I would tell it to an intelligent child. 1 well remember what I wanted to be told myself in addition to what I found in my lesson- books when first allowed to read the History of England." — Author's Preface, " Lady Callcott's style is of the right kind ; earnest and simple." — Examiner, vii. STORIES FROM THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, FOR CHILDREN. Thirteenth Edit, 18mo,3s. ADDRESS TO THE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW. By Sir RoDBRT PsEt. Seventh Edition, Fcap. Svo, is. 6d, ELEMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY FOR CHILDREN. By the Author of " Stories fob CniLuniiN." Third Edition, 12mo, :s. GOSPEL STORIES. An Attempt to render tho Chief Events of the Life of Our Saviour intelligent and profitable to Young Children. Second Edition, ISmo, 3s. 6(f, XI. PUSS IN BOOTS ; Suited to the tastes of Little and Grown Children. By Otto Spkckteb. With 12 Illustrations. 4to, 7s. Crf. "Twelve designs full of excellent humour."- ^xaininer. " Not mere sketches, but complete pictures, and tell tbe story with dramatic force." — Spectator. "These designs tell the story excellently well."- A thentsum. " A book for kindly remembrances."— ii/o'ary Gaxette, YEAR BOOK OF NATURAL HISTORY, FOR YOUNG PERSONS, Arranged for each Month. By Mrs. LouooN. With 40 Woodcuts. ISmo, 4s. " It must he agreeable to many parents to know Ihat Mrs. Loudon has begun to apply her excellent talents and extensive knowledge of natural history, to the seivico of the young. This is the first volume she has Kiven to tho juvenile world, and it is a very delightful one." — Chambers' Edinburgh Journal, HISTORY OF THE LATE WAR : With Sketches of Nelson, Wellington, and Napoleon ; in tha style of" Stories poii Ciiilduen." ISmo, is. Qd, XIV. GARRY OWEN ; on, THE SNOW WOMAN AND POOR BOB THE CHIMNEY-SWEEPER. By Maria Edoeworth. Woodcuts. 2s. 6d. "These talcs display the same interest and truth to na ture which have raised Miss Edgeworth to the head of all writers for children." — Westminster Review, XV. SENTENCES FROM THE PROVERBS, In English, French, Italian, and German. For the dally U.c of Young Persons. By a LAnv. ]6mo, 8s. 6(2. "The design of this volume is excellent."— /<«a«. "An exceUent ieiiga."— Literary Qaxette, ART. ' FRESCO DECORATIONS AND STUCCOES OF THE CHURCHES AND PALACES IN ITALY, during the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. Taken from the principal "WorkB of the greatest Painters, never before engraved. With English Descriptions, by Louis Ghtweb. "With Forty-five Plates, Folio. Plain or Co loured. " This work is exactly what -we raost required, reflecting tbe highest honour upon Mr. Gruner, and is likely to create a complete revolution in British decorative design. "We shall now have opportunities for enjoying and studying the brightest gems of decorative art." — Mr. Crabbe's Lecture. LEGENDS OF SAINTS AND MARTYRS, their Lives, Acts, Characters, Attributes, &c., as Illus trated by Art, from the earliest Ages. Ty Mrs. Jameson. Post 8yo. In the Press. HISTORY OF PAINTING— ITALY; From the Age of Constantine the Great to the present Time. Translated from the German of Kuglbr. By a Lady ; and Edited, with Notes, by C. L. Eastlakk, R.A. *• Intended as a short and easily intelligible guide, pointing out to the unlearned the leading styles of Art."— Pre/ace. THE ANATOMY OF EXPRESSION AS CONNECTED WITH THE FINE ARTS. By the late Sm Charles Bell. A New and Enlarged Edition, with Engravings and Woodcuts, Imperial Bvo, 2U. " The artist, the writer of fiction, the dramatist, the man of taste, will receive the present work with gratitude, and peruse it with a lively and increasing interest and delight." — Christian Remembrancer. Mr. MURRAY'S LIST OF BOOKS.— Science, iratnral Bistcrr, &c. n SCIENCE. CHEMICAL MANIPULATION ; Being Instructions to Students in Chemistry, on the Methods of performing Experiments of Demonstration or Research, with accuracy and success. By Michael Fabadav, F.R.S. Third Edition, Svo, 18s. " No student should think of commencing the study of practical chemistry without having previously possessed this indispensable guide." — Provincial Medical Journal, u, NINTH BRIDGEWATER TREATISE. By Chablks Baebage, Esq. Second Edition, 8vo, 9s. 6d. ni. THE ECONOMY OF MACHINERY AND MANUFACTURES. By Charles Babbage, Esq. Fifth EdUion, Fcap. Svo, 6s. TABLE OF THE LOGARITHMS OF THE NATURAL NUJUBERS from I to 108000. By Charles Babbaoe, Esq. Second Edition. Royal Svo. 6s. THE CONNEXION OF THE PHYSICAL SCIENCES. By Karv Somerville. Sixth Edition, Fcap. Svo, 10s. 6 Edition. Fcip. Svo, fir. IV. THE JEWESS : A Tale op the Baltic. By A Lady. Second Edition. Portrait. Fcap. Svo, 4i. 6d. "So much life and reality." — .ithenaiim. " Told in an unaffected manner, and the characters are well drawn.*' — Spectator. HAWKESTONE ; a Tale of and for Euglimd In tbe Year IM— . i vols. fcap. Sro. RESULTS OF READING. By J. Stamfohd Caldwell, Esq., M.A., Barrlstor-At>Law, Svo, I Oi. Bd, " The common- place book of an intclllf^nt, wcll-rcsd man. We cannot imagine more dallKhtful or profitatkl. reading for those whcso access to books, or time to devota to them, happens to bo limited." — £4-orfiiti.r. MASSACRE OF BENARES. A CImptev from British Indian History. By J. V. Davis, Esq. Fcap. Svo, 3s. Bd. "Tho whole of tliis spirit. stirring little volume Is well entitled to perusal."— A'oun* anil Military Qaxette. _, VIII. ESSAYS ON TIIE CONDUCT OF LIFE: I. Family Life; i. Social Life; 3. Studious Life i 4. Active Life; «. Polilloal Life ; G. Moral Life j 7. Roll- gionsLlfe. By GacAoK Long, lOsq. Post Ovo. AN ESSAY ON THE MORAL NATURE OF MAN. By GEniiou LoNO. Post Svo, Bt. ENGLISH SYNONYMS DISCRIMINATED. By tho late William Tavloh, of Norwich. New Edition, revised and augmented. By J. W. Ronniinus, Esq. Ovo, In Preparation, MEDICAL LITERATURE. POPULAR ESSAYS AND ORATIONS On Some op the Most Important Dirsases. By Sin Henry Halpord, BarU, M.D. Third Edition, Fcap. Sro, Bs.Bd. THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE. With an Account of the best Places of Resort for Invalids. By Sir Jahbs Claik, Bart., M.D. Third Edition, revised. Post Svo, lOf. Bd, III. PRACTICAL ESSAYS. 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Bvo, 12*. *' A masterpiece of lucid arrangement, of logical state ments, aud of vigorous reasoning.''— ijaminn-. til. ESSAY ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH AND O.N SOURCES OP T.VXATION. Ily Richard Jones, M.A., Cuius College, Comtrldgo. Second Edition. l'ostSvo,;<. Ctl. REGULATIONS OF CURRENCIES, and tho Working of the New Bank Charter Act. Djr JOMM FULLARTON, Esq. Sccond Edition, Svo, Is. ed. V. SPEECHES ON THE RENEWAL OF THE BANK CHARTER, AND THE STATU OP THIS LAW RBSPECTINO CURRENCY AND BANKING. By Sir Rodbrt Peel. 8vu, 3s. PROGRES.S AND PRESENT POSITION OF RUSSIA IN THE EAST. iVfic ;?i/i(/on. with aMop showing the Encroachments of Russia. Bvo, Bs. Miu MTRKAY'S UST OF BOOKS,-nomestic Eeonoxny. 13 DOMESTIC AND RURAL ECONOMY. DOMESTIC COOKERY ; A ne^ s^xtm^ scSt^ td tbe praant adruiced state et the ¦itjlattibaBded vptva |Hted|»ka of econoray md praeiicAl ]aiot«d to dke use of Prirste T^uiilies. itr jm Indian C»»keT^ By Emma Robs rts. Fcajv. Sto, 6t. *«* Qf <&is »«ri' S} 0,000 co^iet Affne ^-cn «o2^ *• One flf the most practiraill;^ oseftU l>ooks ^tre Mtc s^'cn en ibe s^^ocst.''— JSiraiJsi Critic **1%is $s 1^ stcfv-amenjft editaon of t3ie cel^nted v^ ^ )te. Raud^ i^ch b&s sow so leng bem tbe stwidard wait. «if 3«j^«ace in eveiy private ftanil^ in Ei^lish Sorjety. The urw edition has large ftd^uons siu^e to Si, consistaii -witb flie spirit wbich ga^re popti- luJCj' to tbe wartu''' — Wtavx^trsAire Gtuir^im.. •ThiswMiwms eo^nally compiled l(y Mrs. Rundell, solely tat &e use »f her own daas;ktC3%, bat, like other {;aod im^tis, it was not destined ita^ to be xmd^a- a boB^t^f xad she accepted SOM fnineas ftvm Mx. Murray, and jrave !ber reoerots ^ ^e pn^^c*^ — Sull Advertiser, ThSs papTdarooafceis^JMwk is rendered & oomplete grnide ibr XDodern cm^ (^ liie addition «f n^Iy a thccns&nd Tr^'e^ts, suited to t^e present advanced state of the six." —lin^y Mt^arJier. *• In point ef exoellence as to ooci^iy, axtd econimiy in cj^enditnn, leavK no room to anv rival, Hie present vffilsr bas added nesrly lOOfi entireJj' ^^^ Kecelr^s, ^rm In a pla^ concise^ and ocplidt maaACi,'' — Xeane> Saik JowraaZ. •• Xp boBse^eeper onjjht to Iw without tbas book;, which is adapted lo eveiy irrade t^sodetj' — the licii, the i^ddle ctasses, KnA the poor.** — Ihcrkam AslttertistT, '• S.-imt time back ve noticed if^f.j^-cightl edition of Mi£.Itandeirb excell^t Svstbm of Domrstic Oookkbt. IO have now reoci^^d the sis^sencmti — a Statement, we presntQC, sufficient in itself. Tbe preseait editress has added nmneroTis recwpts, which hare ixapaited to the ordinal w^ok all the unproTement of which it was c&patda.^^ — BriglitOK Gaactte. FAMILY KECEIPT-BOOK ; A CoQectaon ^f nere &aD a Thocsuid xmiy raloablc IteM^pu in rarioos ^^ancbcs of I>iifaest3c Economy. New *^* raiforro idjI ** Domestic Coofccrs^" •Aiaijer i^prsntity of tmSy Talvia^e jnatier than any boi^ cd* Ihe sune kind evtr oontained,'"— JBn£is% Critic '*' There are few ^ings """hKai the reader can seek for on whinh he wSl not find some usefblinfonn^iiiaTi."— Jfoa£]!i^ FREXCH COOKERY, Wj M. C&uan, some time Qati oi the Kitchcs to hi^^ X^eiity G«oi^ IV, Translated hs ^"uxiaH Hjlxx. fitomd Edititm. 'Wil^ 73 Flates, Sro, 1S<. MY KXITTING^OOK, GDDtKinins fixunpJe? sheeted wi3i the ctTcatcst care, md amoipod so as to render tb«n rji^r to a Novice in the Alt. ^ Miss LasBsaa-, Feurtk Edit^ofu Ifimo, 1*. 6^ MY CROCHET SAMPLER; lianc 2?ew and Caioiee Examples ttf Crochet, arraagea with tbe greatest care. Bj Miss Ijj»bejit. Si>c03td BdnHon^ WwAaOs. }€mo. i:^- 6(£> I GARDENING FOR LADIES. Practical Instroctions and Directions for every Month 3n the Yoar ; wifli a Calendar of Operations. By Mia. LotDOs. Surlh Edition. Woodcats. F^p. Sva. fit "This charming Ettie book owght to find its way into eveiy cottage and mansion in the eonnby,**— j|£b» ** Thoroughly practical, and distiacuisfaed by ir«at cood sense,"— C?«wcp.'!fCT' CiromeZe. * * •' A JBost valuable littie book,"— Bati Chrojode, ** Mrs. London's littie rohime fulfils ererr promise, and is a perfect trade mecum of the art in all its branches," Literary Gaisottc. •' Mrs. Loudon (the v^ of tht otiehrated wHter) bas ¦written a most useful and agreeable Manual for Ladies oa Gardening, which cannot be too exteuMvely known.** Salopian JoumaL ** Writtoi with siK^i simjtle eloquence and truth, it is moogh to make one ikll in love with gardeniog and flowenu'* — IhthUv Monitor, ** This Tdume is a faithful and intelligent poide. Mrs. Loudon gives tiie result of ten years* instructions hy her husband, the weU-known horticulturist; and hertrarkis conseqnentiy the fhiii of long practice and exiJeiieice.'*— Editihvrgh EveniTig Post* FARMING FOR LADIES. Plain Instmctioins for Hearing all Sorts of I>om«Aic I\ni2- try ; with the best Mode of Managirit; the Dairy and Ptg- reiy. By the Authcff of *' British Husbandly." Woodcuts, Fcap. (Sir A.) TlwtA Ban «¦ Sanvrtag . SQtKHi'^ (Lsrt) Waiti . — . l^te . Cu»wmu*s Rwnlte tt ttmiXbu 0«wlMa\ BitUak Potts Ckwdi .... Cknm% FMKh Co«)MMk GeioiMH*^ Sonsoat Cnbtel FooUoa Woria — Uk . . . CunBlnthwa^ 1.M ot vnud* Datib and ObUnna Smbon «b Agrioittunl Ckua« D«vl>MJ. F.) Bniini . DMtatMA^ No«l«i»ad . DoDHalie Ceokwj DouclM on Now OuonMjr . Ditelnnittr'a She* ot Gnmltar Dnuomoad'* Ai^mltunU duMa Ovdloy^ (Urt) LMtan . Duttuoy OB Hot Atr BuwM'a (L0M>) UfO . KIpUJMtoM^ ludi* . Sxottr'i (Bd. of) Soniiona Syra*! AfinnnlalMi Facts ia vsiioua SdoiMW Ftmtly Rooolpl Book Fukdn'* MuitpnliiUon . Fumon AMoiuit Uook . FumiocltHr LudlM F , Oooelt on Woman . Ortat'i Naatorhma Onanhow'a Ongou Qroavonot'a (LMjrl Tojpag* Grusar'a Fraaooaa . Hauohd's Baaixa • . BaUam'a BngUmd , . — Lttantui* ot Sunpt .n ,u .u . 8 .U . c .u. U . a .u. 3 . « . S . a . c .u. la . 8 . & . la . >i . IS .H . a . 11 . a , 1 . s . 4 . 11 . 13 .11 . 14 . 13 . 8 . 5 . la . la . 14 . B . 14 . 8 .la. 4 . 6 . 6 . 10 .la. 1 .13 INDEX. ML«al HudHM>«BlMM)aB . 4 - AslklllMt. . . 9> . » . r H««>»>tw».>»i>» . < .« — (1«kU 1& . . , X W . a . a. IMMia«-$ VaatM . , . • *f . « nvrt'sAniQrU^ . . . . 14! . » H«Kl-S PVMIOB .... . » — rimst^Mwn . . . « — IImmTaw . . . 8 Otter's (I^) Si«nMM . . . S — IwUk . . . 1» — F««agtl\r«(ia . . S — HJWM . . a Btaa«r>a QtnMn CnamiM' . . !> iMTMHlMAiiMJn'TMtTttt . .1.N JAtuiawt^i 't^f^ ^ ^*'*^ . I« Juwa , 4 . II — CottSttyUlk . . . U Jt««>s (Tte), » IM* . . . .u Ja (LMd) CtttM . . JoMaoa\Vt*Hh . . . . 4 .ja Josi*k.UM«CT«t . . . JmuwaotnNMxinUat . . . 4 . II . 8 K)XMit*n^ Oktro . . . « Knight's Nonnindy . . . . 8 LAMMUtt'* Anbl* PttNM . . 3 LMutertt Nttdhmtk , . . IS Undltmtntit . . . 14 , 1 LtWtn Own Mkdnia . . . , 4 — thtUnnto , . .M .la Mn>s New South XN'altt .18 ,18 MttOtnl's Norway . . . « MUumn's ChrisUaDlty , 1 — aibbon . . . . 1 - IHwUml Works . 8 Mllman-t UfS of nUibou . . a , tt Moonroft and I'roliMk . . , 4 Mooia's Lift of Kyroa , , , 8 MMk MMHNri ta FSMtM* . HarMRMt a Ii**m^ « KAmvAt. tTInk AkwaMxk . Xan tTtet IM . . iivvteM^t Malarm . , « XkiM«d«atk«n*>a . tXxci««AM>t UjtnK Kmomac* fAam' INiaaits* , , , I'Aaav'awntliMaisIs )^alM^>OM«• . . . . rvat^i (Str R.) A>Mtw* %» SMWit — t>awl>«t Ftilt't ^G«4(jr)iM . l[N«»iiw(«« «a tlKWk . i\«n1s Maxtaa «»d lltat* l'mi|«' l»*)a«MnttM . — Wtolwy . PMI»s««>k!r ta sW< IVvtU** lAiia (<(»MKMir l>i»!t«r>ne«k tttaiataaM l«|Mt «t R«nM Rmx*^ CkarnvtaristlM at l>lattit -> aad ¥ajrh»^ I'TaudathiM R*l*((*d (Ttel Addnsvn . ttMtt«in«n«w* , , Hoteitaoat'l^oalh Aattrtna , Rohtaaoat MkUm Riwawkt* M|vl«r* i(Sb' Smuvitl) Itosa^s tJStr Jamta) Vo.vam KnmM)^ UoaMalfe C«<>k»» HankktattMKaat . . Salt's (Lady) Joamat . , Senp* «a u««r Stalktnt > . — MnMwFtsMaK . !>tnl*a«ta ttont Dit t>f«x«ra% (ttxrallt rhriattantty . . ^Islwl's Italy . , . SmtUi'S(Mlas)Ft«nnta«t - (l^rTVMON . . Soitttntt on tht Sttlits* , . SoiuwrvllltonMtint . . ^Itwllh's Mtnhii Mwtuni . ^uthtyt Uook ot tht Chtnah , — Cr«ni«*ll and lluiuaa — Mlkotl>t.Utn . Statt Pantr* (Tht) ^nnton^i China . , , Sttiihant' CVntral Ani«rl«a . Silerllndt Uaasia , , , Sttvaas on Patathw <2wm , ettorttt Ibr ChlMiaa . , , aydtnhnin's (Uidi Mswolia , TAVi«K'« (MiM) nabr , — (WwiMtnolita . — — Synonyms , Tiatia and m«ita «^ Nmto lih, to M.O.ltwIs . , . . u TwIss'sUlbotLordKldm . . a VaNAni.**' Rusda , , . , 8 WATTt(Janits)Ulb. . . . a >Vllbtr(M«t on rhuiA Courla . 8 WtlMt^KlHrllavId) Ulb . . I Wilkinson's Kiynt , , , t Williams's UoinM\n , . , • Wood's lUnnvt of Un Onus . . 4 Wordsworth's AUttns . , , ( — InsorluUsni — I.attaunmmitr — Ula«tQ(NkQ(«ui»ar asAarvRv *.sii svam. MmrMt, wHi?.vki*»l. -*/' 3 9002 00585 9328 l|l||iPpii^;-iH'.;u^