YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BULLINGER'S DECADES. ®t)t patfut gotietn. JFor tfje ^limitation of t&e ffl2Uorfe0 of t|)e iFatflm anU (Sarlp oearitm of tfic l&eformrtj lEngUftf) €f)urcl). e THE DECADES OF HENRY BULLINGER, MINISTER OF THE CHURCH OF ZURICH. TRANSLATED BY H. I. THE FIRST AND SECOND DECADES. EDITED FOR Cfte $arKer Sonets, BY THE REV, THOMAS HARDING, A.M., OF WORCESTER COLLEGE, OXFORD, AND VICAR OF BEXLEY, IN KENT. CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. M.DCCC.XLIX. The First Decade. The First Sermon 36 The Second Sermon 57 The Third Sermon 70 The Fom-th Sermon 81 The Fifth Sermon 97 The Sixth Sermon 104 The Seventh Sermon 122 The Eighth Sermon 140 The Ninth Sermon 157 The Tenth Sermon 180 Tite Second Decade. The First Sermon 193 The Second Sermon 209 The Third Sermon 237 The Fourth Sermon 253 The Fifth Sermon 267 The Sixth Sermon 298 The Seventh Sermon 323 The Eighth Sermon 345 The Ninth Sermon 370 The Tenth Sermon 393 ADVERTISEMENT. One of the Parker Society's objects, as stated in the first of its Laws, is " the printing, as may appear desirable, of some of the Early English translations of the Foreign Reformers." Accordingly, the re-publishing of the English Version of the Decades of Bullinger was announced, as in the contemplation of the Council of the Society, in a List which was appended to the Second Annual Report ; and the first volume is now, at length, presented to the subscribers. The edition, which is here reprinted, is that of 1587, which scarcely differs at all, in any material respects, from the former edition of 1584, and very little from that of 1577 ; but any important variations between the translation and the original Latin are carefully specified in the notes. The Ver sion was made, as stated in the title-page, " by H. I. Student in Divinitie," — " a person," according to Strype's testimony, "of eminency in the Church1." These Decades, it is conceived, possess a peculiar claim on the regard of the members of the Church of England. For not only was Bullinger " well-deserving of this nation for his kind entertainment and harbour of our divines and scho lars that fled abroad in Queen Mary's reign, and of note for that friendship and correspondence ever after maintained between him and them2;" but several of his writings, as they became known here, were eminently appreciated by our theo logians and religious persons of the era of the Reformation3. 1 Strype, Ann. book n. chap. 10, p. 145, Vol. n. part 2. ed. Oxf. 1824. 2 Strype, Ann. ibid. p. 144. See also Strype, Mem. n. 1, pp. 631, 532, and Zurich Letters, Parker Soc. ed. pp. 41, 111, 127, 205, &c. 2nd ed. 8 See Original Letters, Parker Soc. ed. pp. 5, 9, 54, 70, 618, 620, &c. Zurich Letters, 2nd ed. pp. 39, 110, 205, 468. Strype, Ann. chap. 21, p. 383, Vol. I. part 1, and part 2. chap. 46, p. 195, and chap. 48, p. 221. Jewel styled Bullinger, " oraculwn ecclesiarum." Zurich Letters, No. lxx. 1st series, p. 166. The University of Oxford, also, selected Bullinger's Catechism, as one of those books which the Tutors there were required to use, for the purpose of imparting sound religious principles to their pupils : — " ad informandum in vera reli- Vlll ADVERTISEMENT. And, above all, in the Convocation of the province of Canter bury, held in 1586, among the " Orders for the better increase of learning in the inferior Ministers," introduced by Whitgift, Archbishop of Canterbury, the following direction stands fore most : — " Every minister having cure, and being under the degrees of master of arts, and batchelors of law, and not licensed to be a public preacher, shall before the second day of February next provide a Bible, and Bullinger's Decads in Latin or English, and a paper book, and shall every day read over one chapter of the Holy Scriptures, and note the prin cipal contentes thereof briefly in his paper booke, and shall every weeke read over one Sermon in the said Decads, and note likewise the chief matters therein contained in the said paper; and shall once in every quarter (viz. within a fort night before or after the end of the quarter) shewe his said note to some preacher nere adjoyninge to be assigned for that purpose1." And, agreebly with this order, it is recorded by Strype, Dr. Theophilus Aylmer, Archdeacon of London, acted in his visitation in the early part of the year 1587, — " the Bishop's pious and painful son2." Although a Memoir of Bullinger (together with indexes to the whole work) will be given in the last volume, it may be useful here to state briefly, that he was born at Bremgarten, near Zurich, on July 18, 1504 ; commenced his studies at the University of Cologne in 1519; began to unite himself to the divines of the Reformation in the course of 1524 ; was chosen pastor of Zurich, on the decease of CEcolampadius, in the close of 1531 ; dedicated to Rodolph Gualter and others his first volume of the Decades, March 1, 1549 ; and died September 17, 1575, in the 71st year of his age3. N.B. The editing of these Decades having been com menced by the Rev. Steuart A. Pears, the notes which have the initial (P) affixed to them, are due to his research. gione juventutem." Wood. Hist, et Ant. Univ. Oxon. Lib. I. p. 296. quoted in Preface, p. iv. to " Sermons on the Sacraments by Henry Bullinger." Cambridge, 1840. 1 Cardwell's Synodalia, Vol. n. p. 562. Oxf. 1842. Strype's Whitgift, Vol. in. p. 194. App. No. 32. Oxf. ed. 2 Strype's Aylmer, p. 83. Oxf. ed. 3 See Adami Vit. Germ. Theol. in vita Bullingeri; and "Bullinger," in Chalmers' Biograph. Diet. FIFTY SERMONS DIVIDED INTO FIVE DECADES. [bullinger.] F T F T T F GODLIE AND LEARNED SERMONS, DIVIDED INTO FIVE DECADES CONTAINING THE chiefe and principall points of Christian Religi on, written in three severall Tomes or Sections, by Henrie Bvllinger Minister of the Church of Tygvre in Swicerland. WHEREVNTO ARE ADDED CER- TAINE EPISTLES OF THE SAME Author concerning the Apparell of Ministers and other indiffe rent things. WITH A TRIPLE OR THREE-FOLD Table verie fruitfull and ne- cessarie1. Translated out of Latine into English, by H. I. Student in Diuinitie. MATTHEW. 17. This is my beloued Sonne in whom I am well pleased: Heare him. Imprinted at London by Ralph Newberie, dwelling in Fleete street a little aboue the Conduit, Cum gratia 8f priuilegio Regiae Mamtatis. 15 87. \} N.B. Notwithstanding what is here stated, the edition of 1587 has not this Table prefixed to it.] A PREFACE TO THE MINISTRY OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND, AND TO OTHER WELL DISPOSED READERS OF GOD'S WORD. That just cause there is that all spiritual shepherds, and specially these of our time, should see carefully to the feeding of the flocks committed to their charge, may easily appear to him that shall but a little stay his consideration upon this matter. For first, the commandments of the Almighty touch ing this thing are very earnest, the authority of which should greatly enforce. Secondly, the rewards which he proposeth to vigilant and careful pastors are large and bountiful, the sweetness of which should much allure. Thirdly, the plagues and heavy judgments, which he denounceth against slothful and careless shepherds, are grievous and importable1, the terror whereof should make afraid. Then the nature and condition of the sheep over whom they watch, the vigilancy of the wolf against whom they watch, the conscience in taking the fleece for which they watch, and this time and age wherein they watch, being rightly considered, will give them to understand sufficiently, that they have good occasion to watch. How earnestly God commandeth, appeareth, Esay lviii. where he saith, " Cry aloud, spare not, lift up thy voice like a trumpet, shew my people their transgressions, and the isai. ivm. house of Jacob their sins." And Esay lxii. " I have set watchmen upon thy walls, O Hierusalem, which all the day isai. ixii. and all the night continually shall not cease : ye that are mindful of the Lord, keep not silence." And John xxi. "Feed my lambs, feed my sheep, and if ye love me, feed." And John xxi. 2 Tim. iv. " Preach the word : be instant in season, out of season, improve2, rebuke, exhort, &c." How sweetly with 2 mm. iv. rewards he allureth, doth appear in the xii. of Daniel : "They that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament, Dan x». I1 i. e. unsupportable : " importable power." — Spenser. P.] [2 i. e. reprove.] 1—2 THE PREFACE. and they that turn many to righteousness shall shine as the stars for ever and ever." And 1 Tim, iv. " Take heed to thyself and to doctrine ; in them occupy thyself continually. For in so doing thou shalt save thyself and them which hear thee." How fiercely also he urgeth and driveth on the sluggish and careless shepherds with terrible plagues and whips threatened unto them, appeareth, Ezechiel iii., where he saith, " Son of man, I have made thee a watchman unto the house of Israel : therefore hear the word of my mouth, and give them warning from me : when I shall say unto the wicked, thou shalt surely die, and thou givest him not warn ing, nor speakest to admonish the wicked of his wicked way that he may live ; the same wicked man shall die in his ini quity, but his blood will I require at thy hand." And Ieremie i. ver. 17 : " Thou therefore, truss up thy loins, and arise, and speak unto them all that I command thee : be not afraid of their faces, lest I destroy thee before them." And 1 Cor. ix. ver. 16 : " Though I preach the gospel, I have nothing to rejoice of1 ; for necessity is laid upon me, and woe is unto me, if I preach not the gospel : for if I do it willingly, I have a reward : but if I do it against my will, notwithstand ing the dispensation is committed unto me." Now the sheep, whereof spiritual shepherds have under taken charge, are not beasts, but men : the very images of God himself endued with everliving souls, citizens with the saints and blessed angels, clothed with God's livery, beautified with his cognizance and all the badges of salvation, admitted to his table, and to no meaner dishes than the body and blood of the undefiled Lamb Christ Jesus ; bought also and redeemed out of the wolf's chawes2 with no less price than of that same blood more precious than any gold or silver. Sheep also of that nature they are, that, being carefully fed and discreetly ordered, they prove gentle and loving towards their shepherds, and serviceable towards the chief Shepherd Jesus Christ : but being neglected and left to themselves, they degenerate into bloody wolves, watching ever opportunity when they may rent in pieces their shepherds, and all other sheep which are not degenerated into their wolfish nature. As for the spiritual wolf, against whom they watch, which t1 So Tyndale's Versions, and Cranmer's Bible, 1539.] [3 Ohawes : jaws. P.] THE PREFACE. is Satan, "He," as the apostle Peter witnesseth, 1 Epistle, i Pet. „. cap. v. "never resteth, but as a roaring lion walketh about, seeking ever whom he may devour." And for that cause also is he called, Apoc. xx. ver. 2, "a dragon," which beast is Rev. xx. naturally very malicious crafty, and watchful : so then, if the spiritual shepherd must watch whiles the spiritual wolf doth wake, he can promise unto himself no one moment of security, wherein he may be careless. God by his prophet Ezechiel, cap. xxxiv. saith : " Woe Ezek. xxxiv. be unto the shepherds of Israel that feed themselves : should not the shepherds feed the flocks ? Ye eat the fat, and ye clothe you with the wool ; ye kill them that are fed, but ye feed not the sheep." This sentence should awake the sleepy and careless consciences of many shepherds. For as the priest that serveth the altar is worthy to live upon the offerings, and the soldier that vehtureth is worthy his wages, and the husbandman that toileth is worthy the harvest, and the shepherd that feedeth the flock is worthy to be fed with the milk, and clothed with the wool ; so, questionless, the priest that serveth not is worthy no offerings, the soldier that fighteth not is worthy no wages, the husbandman that loitereth is worthy of weeds, and the shepherd that feedeth not can with no good conscience require either the milk or the fleece : but his due reward and just recompence is punish ment, for that through his default the sheep are hunger- starved and destroyed of the wolf. But let the ministers of our time well weigh the condition and manner of the time; and then, no doubt, they shall see that it is high time to bestir them to the doing of their duties. This time succeedeth a time, wherein was extreme famine of all spiritual food, so that the sheep of this time can never recover themselves of that feebleness whereinto they were brought, but by some great and extraordinary diligence. This time succeedeth a time, wherein the multitude of wolves and ravenous beasts was so great, and their rage and fury so fell in every sheepfold, that the good shepherds were either put to flight, or pitifully murdered ; so that the sheep, being committed to wolves, did either perish, or degenerate into wolves : so that to regenerate them again into sheep requireth no small labour. The church in this time is like land that hath lain, time out of mind, unmanured, uncompassed, untilled; THE PREFACE. by reason whereof it is so out of heart, that it requireth arms of iron and legs of brass to recover it again : or like a ship so worn with winds and tempests, so rent with rocks, so crackt and utterly decayed, that it seemeth a rare piece of cunning to make her take the seas again. No remedy, then, but the ministry of this time, if there be any love or fear of God in them, if they would not have all things run to ruin, if they regard either God, themselves, or their brethren, must forthwith, without further delay, set themselves to feed their flocks, to teach, to exhort, to strengthen, to bind up, to build, to plant, to water, to set, to graff, to leave nothing undone that appertaineth to the feeding and fatting of the Lord's flocks, to the planting of the Lord's paradise, tilling of the Lord's husbandry, dressing of the Lord's vineyard, raising and rearing up of the Lord's temple. What great want there is in many to discharge their duties in this behalf, is very lamentable, and by some means (as much as is possible) to be supplied and remedied, rather than to be made a common theme and argument of railing, which at this day many do : wherein they shew themselves like unto those which find fault at other men's garments, not for that they love them, or mind to give them better, but for that they are proud of their own, and would scornfully shame and vex other. The cause of this great want needs not here to be disputed : but in very deed, any man may judge how unpossible it was for so populous a king dom, abounding with so many several congregations, to be all furnished with fit and able pastors ; and that, immediately after such a general corruption and apostasy from the truth. For unless they should have suddenly come from heaven, or been raised up miraculously, they could not have been. For the ancient preachers of king Edward's time, some of them died in prison, many perished by fire, many otherwise ; many also fled into other countries, of whom some there died, and a few returned, which were but as an handful to furnish this whole realm. The universities were also at the first so infected, that many wolves and foxes crept out, who detested the mi nistry, and wrought the contempt of it everywhere : but very few good shepherds came abroad1. And whereas, since that f1 See Zurich Letters, reign of Q. Elizabeth, 2nd ed. Parker Soc. pages 24, 38, 42, 55, 61, 101, 104, 115, 427.] THE PREFACE. time, now eighteen years, the universities being well purged, there was good hope, that all the land should have been over spread and replenished with able and learned pastors ; the devil and corrupt patrons have taken such order, that much of that hope is cut off: for patrons now-a-days search not the universities for a most fit pastor ; but they post up and down the country for a most gainful chapman. He that hath the biggest purse to pay largely, not he that hath the best gifts to preach learnedly, is presented. The bishops bear great blame for this matter, and they admit (say they) unworthy men. See the craft of Satan, falsely to charge the worthiest pillars of the church with the ruin of the church, to the end that all church-robbers, and caterpillars of the Lord's vine yard, may lie unespied. There is nothing that procureth the bishops of our time more trouble and displeasure, than that they zealously withstand the covetousness of patrons in re jecting their unsufficient clerks. For it standeth them upon of all other, that the church of God doth prosper, in the decay and fall whereof they cannot stand, but perish. But howsoever it cometh to pass, certain it is, that many are far behind in those gifts which are necessary for their function ; and small likelihood is there yet that the church shall be served with better, but rather with worse : for it seemeth not that patrons hereafter will bate one penny, but rather more and more raise the market. The case standing thus, their labour surely is not worst bestowed, neither do they promote the glory of God or profit the church least, which to that end apply their endeavour, that the ministry which now is in place may come forward, and be better able to do their duties : I mean such as either set forth godly and learned treatises, or expositions of the holy scriptures, compiled by themselves in our mother tongue ; or else such as translate the worthy works of the famous divines of our time. Both these sorts of men, no doubt, do much edify the godly, and do greatly help forward all those ministers which either not at all, or very meanly, understand the Latin tongue : so that amongst them are found many, which, by painful industry and diligent reading of such books, do God good service in the church ; and so might all the rest of them do also, if sloth and worldly affairs did not hinder them. Some of that sort complain, that Calvin's manner of 8 THE PREFACE. writing in his Institutions1 is over deep and profound for them : Musculus also, in his Common Places, is very scholas- tical; the Commentaries of Marlorat2 upon John, of Peter Martyr upon the Judges, of Gualter upon the small Prophets, and other many are translated and extant3 ; which altogether do handle most points of christian doctrine excellently well : but this sort of ministers for the most part are so bare bitten of their patrons4, that to buy them all would deeply charge them. Therefore, questionless, no writer yet in the hands of men can fit them better than master Bullinger in these his Decades; who in them amendeth much Calvin's obscurity with singular perspicuity, and Musculus' scholastical subtlety with great plainness and even popular facility. And all those points of christian doctrine, which are not to be found in one, but handled in all, Bullinger packeth up all, and that in good order, in this one book of small quantity. And whereas divers of the ministry which lack knowledge, and some also which have knowledge but yet lack order, discretion, memory, or audacity, cannot, by reason of their wants, either expound, or exhort, or otherwise preach, but only read the order of service ; the Decades of master Bullinger in this respect may do more good than shall perhaps at the first be conceived. For in very deed this book is a book of sermons ; sermons in name, and in nature ; fit to be read out of the pulpit unto the simplest and rudest people of this land : the doctrine of them very plain, without ostentation, curiosity, perplexity, vanity, or superfluity; very sound also, without popery, Ana- f1 An English translation of this work, The Institution of the Chris tian Religion, appeared for the first time in 1561. See Introductory Notice to Calvin's Institutes, ed. Calv. Soc. p. lii.] [2 Marlorat was a Protestant minister born in Lorraine : he wrote commentaries on Genesis, Psalms, Isaiah, and the New Testament, and was executed at Rouen by order of the Duke of Guise in 1562. — Mo- reri. P.] [3 Cf. Zurich Letters, Second Series, Parker Soc. ed. p. 148.] [¦* " Burton similarly complained, in his odd way, that if our greedy patrons hold us to such hard conditions as commonly they do, they will make most of us work at some trade, as Paul did ; at last turn taskers, maltsters, costermongers, grasiers, sell ale, as some have done, or worse." — Anatomy of Melancholy, Preface, quoted in Sermons on the Sacraments, by Henry Bullinger, Preface, p. v. note 6. Cambridge, 1840.] THE PREFACE. baptism, Servetianism5, or any other heresy ; and in number fifty, every Decade containing (as the word importeth) ten ; so that they may easily be so divided as there may be for every Sunday in the year one. Neither is it material what those fanatical fellows say, which can away with no homilies or sermons, be they never so sound, pithy, and effectual, to be read in churches. They are like physicians which forbid their patients all those meats which they may have and would do them good ; and appoint them only such, as by no means they can obtain : for it will not yet be, that every parish shall have a learned able preacher resident and abiding in it. And in the mean time it cannot be denied, but that an homily or sermon, penned by some excellent clerk, being read plainly, orderly, and distinctly, doth much move the hearers, doth teach, confirm, confute, comfort, persuade, even as the same pronounced without the book doth. Perhaps some hearers, which delight more to have their eyes fed with the preacher's action, than their hearts edified with his sermon, are more moved with a sermon not read : but to a good christian hearer, whose mind is most occupied on the matter, there is small odds. Better is a good sermon read than none at all. But nothing (say they) must be read in the open congregation, but the very canonical scriptures6. That rule is somewhat strait and precise. Then may not either the creed, called the Apostles' creed, or the Nicene creed, or the creed called Athanasius' creed, or any prayers which are not word for word contained in the canon of the scriptures, nor any contents of chapters, be read in the con gregation. The church and congregation of the Colossians were enjoined by St Paul, Col. iv. ver. 16, to read amongst them the epistle written from Laodicea ; which epistle (as Calvin thinketh7) was not written by Paul, but by the church of Laodicea, and sent to Paul, and is not contained in the canon of the scriptures. The church of Corinth also, and other churches of the godly, soon after the apostles' times (as [fi Michael Servetus published his heretical work on the Trinity in 1531 ; he was burnt at Geneva in 1553. P.] [« See Hooker's Eccles. Pol. book v. § 20.] p Palso putarunt a Paulo scriptam esse. Non dubito quin epis- tola fuerit ad Paulum missa. — Calvin. Comment, in loc] 10 THE PREFACE. appeareth out of Eusebius, Lib. iv. cap. 23 x, and the writers of the Centuries2, Cent. n. cap. 10) did use to read openly, for admonition sake, certain epistles of Clement, and of Dio- nysius, bishop of Corinth. Master Bucer, in his Notes upon the Communion Book in king Edward's time, writeth thus: " It is better, that where there lacks to expound the scrip tures unto the people, there should be godly and learned homilies read unto them, rather than they should have no exhortation at all in the administration of the supper3." And a little after he saith : " There be too few homilies, and too few points of religion taught in them : when, therefore, the Lord shall bless this kingdom with some excellent preachers, let them be commanded to make more homilies of the prin cipal points of religion, which may be read to the people by those pastors that cannot make better themselves4." And that worthy martyr, doctor Ridley, bishop of London, speak ing of the church of England that was in the reign of king Edward (as he is reported by master Foxe, in his book of Acts and Mon., To. ii. page 1940) saith thus5 : " It had also holy and wholesome homilies in commendation of the prin cipal virtues which are commended in scripture, and likewise other homilies against the most pernicious and capital vices that use, alas! to reign in this church6 of England." So long, 1} 'Ev airy Se rainy (ejrioroAg) Kai rrjs TSXij/ievros Tvpbs Kopivdiovs liefimyrai (Aioj/ucrtoj) c7rioroX^y, SrjXav dvfKadev i% ap^alov edovs eVi ttjs eKKkr)v itoltjt^v. Kcu els eva ILvplov lrjaovv XptaTov, rbv Ylbv tov Qeov, yevvvBevra eK roO Ilarpoc, p^voyevij, rovreaTiv en rrjs ovaias tov Harpos- Qeov ck Qeov, (pms eK TOS, Qebv aKrjBivbv eK Qeov d\rj- Bivov- yewrjdevra, ov irotr/devTa- opoovawv t<5 Tlarpt- Si' oS ra Trdvra eyeveTO, rd re iv to> oipavm, kal rd ev ttj yrj- rbv 8t r)p.as tovs dv- Bpdmovs Kal hta Tr)v r]perepav aayTqplav KareXdovra, Kal crapKatBevra, evav- BpanrjO-aVra, iradovra Kal dvaordvra Ttj Tplrr) r)pepq, ave\86vra els tovs ovpavovs- ep\6pevov Kplvai £5>VTas kal veKpovs. Kal els to Hvevfia rb "Ayiov. Tois 8e Xeyovras tjv iroTe ore ovk i)v, r) ovk rjv irplv yevvr/drjvai, r) e£ ovk ovtoov eyevero, rj e£ erepas xmocrrdo-eas rj ov&ias (pdtrKovras elvai, rj ktio-toV, t) rpeirrbv f) dWoicorbv, tov Ylbv tov Qeov, tovtovs dva- 8epaTi£ei r) KaBokiKr) Kal diroo-TokiKr) tov Qeov 'EKKKr/aria. Socr. Hist. Eccl. Lib. i. c. 8. ed. Reading. Cantab. 1720. P.] 16 OF THE FOUR GENERAL SYNODS OR COUNCILS. THE CREED OF THE COUNCIL HELD AT CONSTANTIN OPLE, TAKEN OUT OF A CERTAIN COPY WRITTEN IN GREEK i AND LATIN2- I believe3 in one God, the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible. And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, born of his Father before all worlds, light of light, very God of very God, begotten, not made, being of the same sub- P Ili.o-Tevop.ev els eva Qebv, Tiarepa iravroKparopa, noir)Tr)v oipavov Kal yrjs, oparav re irdvTOiV Kal aoparav. TLal els eva Kvplov *Ir](rovv Xpis eK Trjplav KarekBovra eK twv ovpavav, Kal o-apKcodevra eK Xlveiparos 'Ayiov, Kal Maptas rrjs irapQevov, Kal evavBpajirrjfravra- aravpcoBevra re virep r]pa>v ewl Hovriov TLikdrov, koa rraBovra, Kal Tavras Kal veKpovs- ov tj)s fiaaiXeias ovk eo-rat TeXos. Kal els to Hvevpa to "Ayiov, to Kvpiov, ko.1 to faonoibv, to eK tov Harpos eKiropevopevov, to o~vv Harpl Kal Yla frvpirpoa-Kwovpevov, Kal crvvbo^a^opevov, to XaXTjaav Sid rav 7rpor)v tov peXXovros alcovos. Aprjv. P.] [2 Credimus in unum Deum Patrem omnipotentem, factorem coeli et terrae, visibilium omnium et invisibilium : Et in unum Dominum Jesum Christum, Filium Dei, natum ex Patre ante omnia secula, Deum verum de Deo vero, natum, non factum, consubstantialem Patri : per quern omnia facta sunt, qui propter nos homines et salutem nostram descendit de coelis, et incarnatus est de Spiritu Sancto ex Maria vir- gine, et inhumanatus est, et crucifixus est pro nobis sub Pontio Pilato, et sepultus est, et resurrexit tertia die, ascendit in ccelos, sedet ad dex- teram Patris, iterum venturus est cum gloria judicare vivos et mortuos, cujus regni non erit finis : Et in Spiritum Sanctum, Dominum et vi- vificantem, ex Patre procedentem, cum Patre et Filio adorandum et conglorificandum, qui loquutus est per sanctos prophetas : Et unam sanctam catholicam et apostolicam ecclesiam : confitemur unum bap- tisma in remissionem peccatorum; exspectamus resurrectionem mortuo- rum, vitam futuri seculi. Amen. — Routh, Scriptor. Eccles. Opuscul. Vol. I. pp. 398, 9. Oxon. 1840.] [3 Bullinger's copy reads Credo; confiteor j and exspecto; and Spi ritum Sanctum Dominum viwficatorem.] OF THE FOUR GENERAL SYNODS OR COUNCILS. 17 stance with the Father, by whom all things were made : who for us men, and for our salvation, came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Ghost and the virgin Mary, and was made man. He was also crucified for us under Pontius Pilate. He suffered and was buried: and he rose the third day, according to the scriptures. And he ascended into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God the Father : and he shall come again with glory to judge the quick and the dead ; whose kingdom shall have no end. And (I believe) in the Holy Ghost, the Lord and giver of life, who, proceed ing from the Father, is to be worshipped and glorified to gether with the Father and the Son ; who spake by the prophets : in one catholic and apostolic church. I confess one baptism for the remission of sins. I look for the resurrection of the dead ; and the life of the world to come. THE CONFESSION OF FAITH MADE BY THE SYNOD AT EPHESUS. Inasmuch as because here I note all things briefly, I could not in writing place with these that large synodal epistle written by St Cyril to Nestorius4, wherein is contained the full consent of the general council held at Ephesus. I have therefore rather chosen out of the 28th epistle of the same Cyril a short confession sent to the synod, and allowed by the whole council. Before the confession are set these words : " Even as in the beginning we have heard out of the divine scriptures, and the tradition of the holy fathers; so will we briefly speak, not adding any thing at all to the faith set forth by the holy fathers in Nice. For that doth suffice as well to all knowledge of godliness, as also to the utter forsaking of any heretical overthwartness." And a little after this, the confession is set down in these words : " We acknowledge our Lord Jesus Christ, the only- begotten Son of God, to be perfect God and perfect man, of a reasonable soul and body ; born of the Father according to his Godhead before the worlds, and the very same according to his humanity born in the latter times of the virgin Mary [4 See Routh, Scriptor. Eccles. Opusc. Vol. n. p. 17, &c. The epistle was written a.d. 430.] 2 [bullinger.] 18 OF THE FOUR GENERAL SYNODS OR COUNCILS. for us, and for our salvation : for there was made an uniting of the two natures. Wherefore we confess both one Christ, one Son, and one Lord. And according to this understanding of the unconfounded unity, we acknowledge the holy virgin to be the mother of God, because that God the Word was incarnate and made man, and by the very conception ga thered to himself a body taken of her. But for the speeches uttered by the evangelists and apostles touching the Lord, we know that the divines do by reason of the two natures divide them, so yet as that they belong to one person ; and that they do refer them, some, because they are more agree able to the Divinity, to the Godhead of Christ, and other some, (because they are) base, to bis humanity." To this confession Cyril addeth these words : " When we had read these holy words of yours (even in the synod to which the confession was sent), and did perceive that we our selves were of the same opinion (for there is one Lord, one faith, and one baptism), we glorified God the Saviour of all (men), rejoicing together in ourselves, for that the churches both ours and yours do believe agreeably to the scriptures of God and tradition of the holy fathers1." \} .... cos aviodev eK te to>v deicov ypacpcov e< re rrjs irapaSocreas toiv dyicov narepcov TrapeiXr/cpoTes eax^Kapev, Sid ftpaxeav epovpev, ovbev to avvokov wpoo-Tidevres ttj to>v dyicov narepcov tcdv ev Nwccu'o eKTedelrrrj •nia-rei- us yap ecpBrjpev elprjKOTes, rrpbs nao-av e£apKel Kal evcrefteias yvcocriv, irdorjs Kal alperiKrjs KaKoSo^ias dnoKrjpv^iv. . . . 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