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YALE UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY

THE

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ORNAMENT

BY HENRY SHAW, F.S.A.
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i£oinburQb
JOHN GRANT
31 GEORGE IV BRIDGE
1898

PREFACE.

EFORE the appearance of the present work, the
object of which, is to give a selection of the purest
and best specimens of ornament of all kinds and of
all ages, many books on the subject of ornament had
been given to the public ; but, in general, they were
either specially restricted to one class or one style, or
imperfect as giving faulty or inaccurate examples, or
difficult of access to most of those who require them for practical pur
poses, on account of the expensive form in which they were published.
The Author has endeavoured, as far as possible in a work of moderate
expense, to remove these difficulties. It has been his study to give faith
ful representations of authentic models belonging to each particular class
of designs, of affording a direct reference to some of the best examples
of the several styles and periods, and therefore furnishing hints for a
selection of parts which when combined may produce a new arrangement
of equal elegance ; thus constituting a mass of materials from which the
artist or manufacturer may derive a succession of entirely novel designs.
Each style has its peculiar character, and this must pervade all fresh
combinations to make them pleasing and satisfactory. The ornament of
different nations has its distinctive features, and these so vary as to
illustrate particular epochs. A knowledge of these necessary points can
only be attained by an opportunity of studying from the originals them
selves, or from copies drawn with strict adherence to their peculiar
characteristics. On this point the Author trusts that the present Collec
tion will be highly conducive to the enlargement of correct taste in all
branches of decorative art.
Greece and Rome have left us specimens of foliage in which natural

iv PREFACE.
objects have been copied with classical elegance ; but in the Middle Ages
and Oriental examples we find a profusion of ornamental detail, rich in
invention, of a grotesque and fanciful nature. At the period of the
Renaissance, the elegant taste of the ancients was blended with mediaeval
richness and Eastern fancy. We look for the best specimens of painted
glass in windows from the twelfth century to the fifteenth ; for florid
ornamental architecture in buildings of the same period ; for carvings
and engraved ornaments, bindings of books, jewellery, embroidery, orna
mental plate, and furniture, in the sixteenth century. We have elegant
and rich designs of drapery during the Middle Ages. Foliage and scroll
work are peculiarly bold and effective in the twelfth and thirteenth
centuries ; and throughout the fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth cen
turies, arabesques are abundant.
The present Volume contains Examples of most of these Classes, taken
from the period at wliich each was in its greatest perfection, and the
specimens are arranged in chronological order. Architectural Ornaments
are given from works of various dates ; stained glass from York, Durham,
Canterbury, Salisbury, Cologne, Chartres, &c; painted tiles of the thir
teenth and fifteenth centuries, from Westminster, and Great Malvern in
Worcestershire ; carvings in wood and panels of the fifteenth and six
teenth centuries ; rich ironwork of the thirteenth century, from the doors
of the church of Notre Dame at Paris ; ornamental drapery, velvet
hangings, &c, from designs of the fifteenth century ; lace and needlework
of the seventeenth ; bindings of books of the sixteenth century ; and
designs for jewellery, plate, and other ornamental articles, by Hans
Holbein and contemporary artists.
To the practical designer, therefore, this work is offered as a useful
collection of pure studies of ancient works of art ; while the amateur will
find in it a correct series of illustration of the progress of ornamental
•design during a long period of history.

LIST OF PLATES
TO THE ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF ORNAMENT.
Plate 1. The Title, taken from a binding in the possession of George Lucy, Esq., of Charlecote, War
wickshire. .
2. Ante-pendiums, or Altar Cloths, of the date of about 1500, taken from churches in Italy.
These draperies, generally made of rich velvet or brocades, were used for the decoration
of the altars in the churches of the Middle Ages.
3. Arabesque on the lining of a door in the Palace of Heidelberg.
4. Pattern of Grolier Binding j and another formerly belonging to Thomas Wotton, in the
British Museum.
5. Two Patterns of Grolier Binding in the British Museum.
6. Cover of a Book, taken from Erasmus on the New Testament, in the possession of Mr.
Pickering.
7. Bosses from Southwell Church, Nottinghamshire, and from the Passage leading from the
Cloisters of Westminster Abbey.
8. Capital of Pilasters in the Temple of Eleusis at Athens.
9. Capital from the Lady Chapel of Lincoln Cathedral.
10. Capital from Lincoln Cathedral, and from the Library and Chapter Boom of Southwell
Church, Nottinghamshire.
11. Capitals and Entablature from the Facade of the Certosa di Pavia.
12. A Centre Ornament, from an Engraving of Israel van Mecheln.
13. A Circular Ornament in the possession of Thomas Willement, F.S.A., date 1570. This is
executed in a soft metal, similar to that used for printing type, and may have been.
the original design for the interior of a tazza, so frequently found among the utensils
displayed on the sideboards of the gentry in the 16th century.
14. Drapery from a Picture pf the Virgin and Child, by Cima da Conegliano, in the Louvre at
Paris.
15. Ewer, from the Collection of Mr. Frisson, Languedoc.
16. A Finial, from Lincoln Cathedral.
17. A Frame, from a Drawing in the British Museum.
18-19. Designs by Hans Holbein for Goldsmiths' and Jewellers' Work, taken from a very
interesting series of Drawings by Holbein in the British Museum. Additional MS.
5308. These afford many excellent hints for modern jewelry, and might readily be
adapted to numerous purposes.
20. Velvet Hangings. These hangings are composed of crimson velvet and gold thread.
21. Velvet Hangings at Hardwicke Hall, Lancashire, a seat of the Duke of Devonshire.
22. Iron Work from one of the western doors of the church of N6tre Dame, Paris. These
doors exhibit, it is supposed, the finest examples of wrought iron of the 13th century.
The hinge selected is one out of ten, each displaying considerable variety in design,
combined with the most admirable execution.
23. Key-stone, and Ornaments round a Capital, in the church of Pont de l'Arche, Normandy.
24-25. Patterns of ancient Lace-work, from engravings of the date of 1601.

vi LIST OF PLATES TO THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ORNAMENT.
Plate 26. Needlework from the tester of a bed at Lerens Hall, Westmoreland, the seat of the Hon.
Col. F. G. Howard.
27. Wall Ornament on the Tomb of Ibrahim Aga, at Cairo.
28. Ornament from the soffit of an arch in the Gallilee of Durham Cathedral.
29. Ornaments in stone, from Southwell Church and Furness Abbey.
30. Ornamental Tracery, from the Abbey of Jumieges in Normandy.
31. Ornaments on the Box containing the Seal of the Eoyal Hospital of St. Catherine, Regent's
Park.
32. Ornaments on an ancient Chair in St. Mary's Hall, Coventry.
33. Ornaments carved in wood at Hildesheim and Salzwedel.
34. Ornamental Carvings in Wood.
35. O rnaments from the Palace of Heidelberg.
36. Coloured Ornaments from the monuments of Sophia and Maria, daughters of James I.,
and from that of the Countess of Oxford and family in Westminster Abbey. These
ornaments are carved in low flat relief in alabaster, the raised parts being gilt, and
the spaces between filled in black.
37. Ornaments of the beginning of the 17th century, containing a panel with a shield and
coronet, and two inlaid ornaments.
38. Heraldic Panels, in the possession of Thos. Willement, F.S.A.
39. Panels in Marble, from the Facade of the Certosa di Pavia.
40. From a Picture by an early German painter of the date of 1472.
41. From a painted Screen in Worstead Church, Norfolk. This screen is one of the most
interesting examples of painted architecture in England.
42. Pendants from St. Stephen's Chapel, Westminster.
43. Three Sides of a Pilaster in the cloister of St. Sauveur at Aix in Provence.
44. Designs for Plate, from a very valuable collection of drawings by Van Swol, in the Print-
room of the British Museum.
45. Border of Stained Glass in the Royal Abbey of St. Denis, near Paris.
46. Stained Glass in the possession of Thomas Willement, F.S.A.
47-48. Stained Glass from Canterbury Cathedral.
49. Stained Glass from Salisbury Cathedral.
50. Stained Glass from the Chapter House of York Cathedral.
51. Stained Glass from Southwell Church, Nottinghamshire.
52. Stained Glass from the church of Altenberg, near Cologne.
53. Stained Glass from the sacristy of the Cathedral at Chartres.
54. Stained Glass from the entrance to the sacristy of the Cathedral at Chartres.
55. From Stained Glass, and from Needlework. The stained glass from the beautiful window
recently erected in St. George's Church, Hanover Square, and formerly in the Cathe
dral at Mechlin.
56. A Staircase, from a drawing in the possession of C. J. Richardson, Esq., F.S.A.
57. A Design for Tapestry, from a drawing in the possession of C. J. Richardson, Esq., F.S.A.
58. Painted Tiles from the Chapter House, Westminster. From drawings by L. N. Cotting-
ham, Esq., F.S.A., at whose suggestion this beautiful floor was uncovered, Jan. 1st,
1831. One quarter only of each figure is given to allow room for four varieties.
59. Painted Tiles from Great Malvern Church, Worcestershire.

Date about 1500.

ANTE-PENDIUMS.

AKABES4JUE ON THE LINING OF A ©OOB..
Palace of HeidelbeTg

Date, 1534.

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SPECIMENS OF BINDING.

Date, 16th Century.

SPECIMENS OF BINDING.

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iato the Chapter House, Westminster AVbey:
Drawn & Engraved by Henry Shaw.

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CAPITALS ANB EHTABIATBIIE IB" MARBLE,
from the Facade of the Ceitosa di Pavia,

Date the t>e ginning of the '16 . Century.

From an Engraving hy Israel Van Meeken, Born Died 1503.

Date 1570.

SAME SIZE AS THLE ORIGINAL

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From the Collection of Tho5 Willemenl F.S A

Drawn & Engraved by Henry Shaw.

Date the begining of the 16 \h Centuiy:

D B A P E B Y,
From a Picture in the Louvre,
hy Cmifl. da Coneghano,

Htohl "the CoUection of Mons1'' "frisson., Langu-edor.
Bate - the T-ipfri-rrm-na of the 1/ft1 Century.

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Date til- lattei part offttR R^Century.

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A FINIAl,
From Lincoln Cathedral.

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in a M.S. in the Biittah Tvfnsenm.
F^oyal U. S. Ih.'TJ. 40.
Date "Uie "beginnikg of tlie 16- Century.

Date th.e time of Henry

IESIG¥S FOR GOIDSMITK8
by Hans Holbein,
hi the British Mhs etnn, AiditioiLal Ml.S. 530

Date fhe time of Henry 8*1

l.ESI&NS FOR GOLD SMITHS
by Hans Holbein.
In the British Mnseum. Additional M.S. 5308.

Bafe, the 16 "? Centiny,

VELVET HA1" &IH"

Date, the end of the 16 7^ Century:

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At Hardwicke Hall Derbyshire.

Date the 13 tK Century

From the Door of Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris.

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Date 1518,

Key Stone & oimimts
round a Capital in the Church of
Pont de 1' arche, Normandy

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in S! Mary's Hall, Coventry.
Date the latter part of the 15 *r Centuiy.

Date the tegmomg of The 16 . Centary

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N° 3. From the Monument of the Counted of Oxford and Family
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Date, 1472.

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In Wfcrstead Church,. Norfolk.

Date the tegimrJ of the .16 ^ Century

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Capital developed. Royal Ahhey of Sl Denys, 11* Century.

Ttbiir.ee Sides of a Pilaster,
In the Cloister of S*Sa.uveur at Aix, in Provence,
Date the ha Century.

Bate 1637

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of S' Denys. near Paris.

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From Canterhnry Cathedral

Date the latter part of The 12^ Century.

Date the 13™ Cent?

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from Se.'Hs'b'mv Cathedral

STAINED GLASS,
From tit? Chapter House of Tork Cathedral.
/^ full size.

Date the beginning of th© 14.1? Century:

TAINED GIAS

From Southwell Church, Nottinghamshire

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STAINIEO ©LASS,
From the Sacristy of the Cathedral of Chartres

L'a*.e 'oc 15 V Centary

H.Soan

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From tie entrance to the Sacristy rrf the Cathedral of Chartres .

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E°2 A Desagc for See&le -wort.

Bate , the latter part of the 17 'r Centmy:

A S TABR C A SS

Fratn a Brasjing in the pofsefsion of
C.J. Fh-chaTdsoii E sq_e. Arch.1:

IJ9K' the latter part oX the 37* Centnrv

A BEgl&I IFOK. TAPE S TIT,

From a JJ-ca_-wrnd jn the pofsefsion of
C. J.Hichardson Esq;! Arch1

Date, the 13th Century.

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PAINTED TILES.
FROM THE CHAPTER HOUSE, WESTMINSTER.
ONE-THIRD FULL SIZE.

PAIS" TED TILES,
in. Ov Malvern Church, "Worcestershire.

Date the latter part of the 15 '^ Centojry.

PAI^TEB TI3LE S,
From. Great Malvern CrnircrL , "Wore e s ter sbie

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