Yale University Library

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HISTORY

SOUTHOLD, L. I

ITS FIRST CENTURY.

REV. EPHER WHITAKER, D. D.,

Pastor of the First Church of Southold, Councilor of the Long Island
Historical Society, Corresponding Member of the New
York Qenealogical and Biographical Society, etc.

SOUTHOLD :
Printed for the Author.
1881.

"^p&O

COPYRIGHT BY
EPHER WHITAKER.

C| 1-^ ^oG

PRESS OF THE ORANGE CHRONICLE,
ORANGE, N. J,

TO
MR. THOMAS R. TROWBRIDGE
AND
MR. WILLIAM H. H. MOORE,
WHO MAY SEVERALLY REPRESENT THE PLACES OF THEIR
BIRTH, THE CENTRAL CITY AND THE REMOTEST
TOWN OF
THE NEW HAVEN COLONY,
AND WHOSE APPRECIATION AND GENEROSITY HAVE CHEERED
THE PREPARATION OF THIS VOLUME, IT IS MOST
RESPECTFULLY AND GRATEFULLY
DEDICATED BY
THE AUTHOR.

PREFACE.
The acquisition of the greater part of the
-knowledge contained in this volume has re
sulted from the duties and necessities of the
Christian ministry in the pastoral care of the,
First Church of Southold for the - last thirty
years. The preparation of the book for the
press has been the rest and recreation of many
a weary hour during most of this ministry.
Various hindrances have resisted the accom
plishment of the undertaking, and caused a
less orderly arrangement of the materials of
the work, as well as a less vigorous and at
tractive style, than could be desired; but the
belief is cherished, that the imperfedlions of
the book, however clearly seen by the reader,
and deeply felt by the writer, should not for
bid its publication. For it is highly desirable,
that the early life and worths — the purpose,

Vi HISTOKfV OF SOUTHOLD.
spirit, circumstances, deeds and sufferings —
in a word, the History of the people of this
Town should be so presented, that its main
features, at least, may be easily known from
generation to generation. The field on which
labor for this end has been expended is the
Past ; but the harvest desired is for the Future.
The work aims to supply the wants of poster
ity not less than to satisfy the requirements
of the present time. He who plants a tree
that will yield good fruit after the sod has cov
ered him, may render an acceptable service
to many, even though not one of his own gen
eration profits by his care and forethought for
the welfare and comfort of his successors ;
and he who provides the means which will
contribute to gratify the wholesome desires
and supply the mental and moral wants of
those who shall live in coming years, may
perhaps not labor^ in vain. It is altogether
fit, that the Christian minister should look
forward. The obje6ls of his chief thought
and concern have the closest relations to the
endless Future ; and it is most reasonable,
that he should take the liveliest interest in the
wants, the prosperity, the comfort, the virtue
and the piety of the generations to come.

PREFACE. VU'
These rhotives have produced this book.
Some parts of it may be found in two Papers,
prepared by invitation of the Long Island His
torical Socie'ty, and read in its meetings, re-
spedlively on " The First Church of Southold,"
and on " The First Pastor of Southold ; " and
in a Paper, prepared by invitation of the New
Haven Colony Historical Society, and read
before it, on " The Early History of Southold."
The latter is printed in the Second Volume of
the Society's Papers.
The subjedl-matter of this History has been
drawn from so many sources, both original
and secondary, that it is impossible to name

Via HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
William F. Whitaker, Pastor of the St. Cloud
Presbyterian Church, Orange, New Jersey,
for his generous aid in conducing the volume
through the press.
It is hoped that the book will be all the
more acceptable by reason of its several en
gravings, which are in the highest degree ef
fective as illustrations.
There are abundant materials at hand for
an interesting History of the Second Century
of Southold ; but whether a second volume
shall be prepared for the press, time must
determine. E, W.
Southold, July 2, 188 1.

CONTENTS.

PART I.— 1640-1672.

CHAPTER I.
The attradlion of historic sources — First Christian In
stitutions in America — The Rev. John Youngs comes to
Southold, L. I. — ^^His former home in Suffolk County,
England — Not Southolt in Hoxne Hundred— Letter from
the Rev. Redlor Frederick French — Letter from the Rev.
Diocesan Registrar Bonsly — Southwold in Blything
Hundred — Youngses in that neighborhood — Rev. John
Youngs at Salem, Mass. — His sojourn at New Haven —
He comes to Southold — Here he gathers his church
anew, 0<fl. 21, 1640 — The fanciful story of thirteen orig
inal settlers — Barnabas Horton — William Wells — William
Hallock — John and Henry Tuthill — Thomas Mapes —
William Furrier, John Cooper and Edmond Farrington —
Matthias Corwin — Robert Akerly — Jacob Corey — John

2 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Conklin — Isaac Arnold — Thomas Moore — Capt. John
Underbill — Barnabas Wines — JohnBudd — Purchase from
the Indians by the New Haven Government, August,
1640 — Lease from James Farrett to Matthew Sunderland,
June, 1639 — Deed from Lord Sterling's agent to Richard
Jackson, August 15, 1640 — Planting of Southold, South
ampton, New- Haven — Purchase of Indian titles by Eng
lishmen in New England — In Plymouth, Wethersfield,
Hartford, New Haven, New York — On Long Island in
Southold, Southampton, Jamaica — Southold the first
Town settled on Long Island — Older than Southampton
in all essential points — Hon. Henry A. Reeves's state
ment — Southold's Indian name — Its early " freeholders
and inhabitants " — Charadler and work of the early set
tlers — Their names — Their religious hfe — Some remove
to other places — Thomas Baker, Jeremiah Meacham and
George Miller to Easthampton — John Tucker, William
Fanley, John Budd, Arthur Smyth, Robert Akerly and
John Frost to Brookhaven — Capt. John Underbill to
Oyster Bay — Letter from h^m — His wife's srater, Han
nah Feke, marries John Bowne — Thomas Stevenson
moves to Newtown — Thomas Benedifl to Huntington,
to Jamaica, and lastly to Norwalk, Conn. — John Bayley
to Jamaica, and perhaps to Elizabeth, N. J. — William
Cramer, John Dickerson, John Haines, William John
son, Jeffrey Jones, Evan Salisbury, Barnabas Wines, Jr.,
and Thomas Youngs to Elizabeth, N. J. — Eminent de
scendants of the early settlers — Youngses, Wellses, Hor-
tons, Dickinsons, Wineses — Letter from the Rev. Dr. E.
C. Wines — Corwins, Swezeys, Sewards — Some of the
early inhabitants restless — Most and best planted for Re
ligion — Rev. Dr. Leonard Bacon's statement — Southold's
first church and cemetery — Southold's choice of the
New Haven Jurisdiflion — Southampton and Easthamp
ton join Conneflicut — Southold's purpose — Determina
tion to maintain its rights — Injuries to the Puritans

CONTENTS. 3
threatened — Puritans often reproached and slandered —
Imaginary code of " Blue Laws " — Falsehoods of the
Rev. Samuel Peters — Southold's love for freedom, vir
tue, piety — Hardships and toils of the settlers — Their be
neficent labors for posterity — The Puritans the authors
of civil and religious freedom in England and America —
Constitution of the New Haven Towns — New Haven
united to Conne(n;icut in 1665 — Removal of Branford to
Newark, N. J. — Rev. John Davenport from New Haven
to Boston — Early laws of the Jurisdiction — Times of the
planting — Thirty years' war — Spain loses Brazil — Makes
acquisitions in Italy — Persecution of Galileo — Scientific
discoveries^Fruitfulness in Literature and Art — Ad
vance in statesmanship — Progress in Civilization — Great
changes in England — Eminent writers — Age of enter
prise — Maritime adlivity and exploration — England a
swarming hive  Page 17-78

CHAPTER II.
Southold's choice of its site — Features of the place —
Increase of the inhabitants — Allotment of lands — Home-
lots of the chief men. Rev. John Youngs, William Wells,
Barnabas Horton, John Budd, Capt. John Underbill,
Thomas Mapes, Barnabas Wines, Thomas Terry, Phile
mon Dickerson, Thomas Moore, Benjamin Moore, Hen
ry Case, Charles Glover, Joseph Youngs, Col. Isaac Ar
nold, Col John Youngs — Chief men of the second gener
ation. Col. Arnold and Col. John Youngs — Town Rec
ords before 1651 lost^Earliest history fragmentary —
Life and local legislation of the place — Division and al
lotment of Calves' Neck, 1658 — Firing of woods to im
prove pasture — Protedlion against burning of buildings —
Regulations for watching and warding — For keeping

4 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
records — For collefting taxes — For assigning seats in
the Meeting House according to rank, age, office, &c. —
For making vice and crime pay expenses — For keeping
Town streets in good condition — For the wharf at the
Head of the Harbor — For pasturing cattle — For building
a wind mill on Pine Neck — Adjustment of boundaries
with Southampton — Sale of a vessel — Price of grain and
provisions — Bequest of children — Laws for boats, canoes, .
skiffs — For prohibiting sale of dogs, rum and arms to
Indians — For paying premiums to destroyers of wolves,
foxes and other " varment " — Eleflion of Seledlmen —
Conditions of selling real estate — Mildness of the crim
inal code — Superiority to old abuses — The Bible the gen
eral law — Less than twenty crimes punished by death
here instead of hundreds in England — Popular knowl
edge of the general law — Bill of Rights — Provisions for
public education — For public worship — Penalties for
disturbing it— Conviftion and punishment of Humphrey
Norton — Sales of property must be recorded — Registry
of births, marriages and deaths — Records open to inspec
tion and transcript — All legal proceedings to be put on
record — Distribution of property among heirs — Two
causes for divorce — Justice and kindness towards the sav
ages — Hostilities and suffering from national wars — Mil
itary regulations — Burdens of the people born for oth
ers — Attempts to invade their liberties — Charadler of
Charles II. — Charadler of the first settler and pastor of
Southold— His death and that of William Wells— The
first pastor's grave — Inscription on his tomb-stohe — In
ventory on his property — Order of administration to his
widow — His children — His theology — Monuments of
early settlers. Youngs, Horton, Wells, Dickinson, Conk
lin, and others — The original cemetery — Site of the first
Meeting House — Strudlure of this building — Its various
usps — Its hallowed associations, . . Page 81-126

CONTENTS. 5
CHAPTER III.
Wars and governmental changes — New Haven united
to Connedlicut — Connedlicut's Committee in Southold
June 1664 — Col. Richard Nicholl subdues the Dutch of
New Amsterdam, 1664 — Claims Long Island for the
Duke of York — Southold and Southampton protest, but
submit — Order for the Towns to eledl deputies — South-
old eledls William Wells, Esq., and Col. John Youngs —
Petition of the Town to Col. Nicholl — Deputies of all
the Long Island Towns meet in Hempstead, March
1665 — The Duke's Laws imposed — Formation of York
shire — Suffolk County its East Riding — Southold's dis-
satisfadlion — Charadler of the Duke of York — Union of
the East End Towns in 1672 to maintain their rights —
Measures that oppressed them — Their protest burned
by the Governor and Council — New troubles — Conquest
by the Dutch, July 1673 — The East End summoned to
submit — These Towns ask Connedlicut for protedlion —
Their appeal to the king in Council, especially in con
sideration of their whaling trade — Petition of the East
End to the Dutch Gov. Colve, August 14, 1673 — Reply
to the petition — Features of the petition and reply —
Connedlicut gives notice to the Dutch that the United
Colonies of New England will protedl Long Island east
of Oyster Bay — The Dutch appoint officers for Suffolk
County — Col. Isaac Arnold of Southold appointed chief
officer of the County — The Dutch require an oath of fi
delity — The Dutch Governor sends Commissioners —
They visit all the Towns — None willing to take the
oath — Southold had already, September 29, assigned rea
sons against it — Southampton, Odl. i, follows Southold ;
Easthampton, Odl. 2 ; Setauket Odl. 4 ; and Huntington,
Odl. 6 — The Commissioners report to the Governor, Odl.
20 — Answers of the Town§ to the Dutch demand — The
I

6 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Dutch send no force, but a second Commission — Hunt
ington and Setauket yield, Odl. 28 — Most worthy Com
missioners sent to the East End and important abate
ments made — Adventures of these Commissioners — They
meet on the voyage Connedlicut Commissioners — Both
come to Southold — Their reception here — Their proceed
ings in this place — The difficulties of the Dutch Com
missioners — They determine not to visit the othei'
Towns — They return to New Amsterdam and report —
The Dutch Governor's bold letter to Connedlicut —
Treaty of peace between the Dutch and English nations
signed Feb. 9, 1674 — New Amsterdam surrendered to the
English Nov. 10, 1674 — Southold thus subjedl again to
the Duke of York — He becomes king in 1685 and his
Province royal — Religion and liberty maintained here
through all these changes — Possessions of the people
here — Their trades and occupations — Their household
furniture and style of living, food, dress, &c. — Their so
cial and kindly disposition — Their hardships and sick
nesses — Their burial of the dead in tenderness, sobriety
and seriousness without funeral solemnities — Their pub
lic and household worship. . . . Page 129-164

PART 11.-1,674-1717.
CHAPTER IV.
The second pastor, Rev, Joshua Hobart — His ances
try—His father. Rev. Peter Hobart, in England, in
America, at Hingham, Mass.— Rev. Peter Hobart's sons
in the ministry— Letter from the Hon, Solomon Lincoln.

CONTENTS. 7
historian of Hingham — His memorandum — Charles B.
Moore's account of the second pastor before his settle
ment in Southold — The Town's arrangements after the
first pastor's death to obtain a Minister — Their provision
for the Rev. Joshua Hobart in lands, dwelling., salary,
May 22, 1674 — Increase of his salary from £80 to ;£ioo.
May 13, 1678 — The greatness of his settlement and salary
— Payments of his salary — Respedlive parts paid by the
East End and the West End of the Town — Letters from
him to the Town Meeting April 3, 1685 — His request for an
exchange of lands granted^The beautiful site of his dwel
ling — He sells the place to the Town in 1701 — After his
death the home of his successors, the Rev. Messrs. Ben
jamin Woolsey, James Davenport, William Throop and
John Storrs — Tax payers at his settlement — Comparative
value of their property. . . Page 167-187

CHAPTER V.
Another attempt to rejoin Connedlicut — Adlion of the
Town, Nov. 17, 1674 — Rev. Mr. Hobart and Mr. Thomas
Hutchinson chosen with power — Cause of this adlion —
Sylvester Salisbury sent hither by Sir Edmund Andros,
the oppressive Governor of New York and of Massachu
setts — Salisbury's notice to the Town — The Duke of
_ York's acknowledgment of its redudlion to obedience by
Andros — Southold's last vain effort to rejoin Connedli
cut, June, 1689 — Events abroad — Changes in England —
Condition of New England — Indian wars — Great mor
tality — Southold appoints Richard Benjamin to be grave
digger — Benjamin Youngs chosen Recorder in 1674, to
succeed Richard Terry, chosen in 1662 to succeed Wil
liam Welles, the first Recorder — The Town accepts a Pat
ent from Gov. Andros — The Patent carefully drawn —
The Patentees convey their patent rights to the Free-

S HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
holders Inhabitants of the Town— No change of the re
ligious liberties of the people— Gradual enlargement of
the territory of the Town by purchase from the sava
ges — Indian Deed for the whole territory of the Town —
Town Patent-Deed of the Patentees to the Freeholders
Inhabitants — Law for the incorporation of the Common
ers — Amendment thereto — The second pastor promi
nent in civil, industrial and medical affairs — The first
medical pradlitioner — Privileges granted to the chief
men — A new Meeting House built in 1684 — The old
House made a County Prison — The Horton house en
larged for a County Court House — Pidlure of the- Hor
ton house — The site of the former church edifices —
Changes indicated by the tax list of 1683 — Names that
disappeared between 1675 and 1683 — New names — Com
parative permanence of family names — The rich more
enduring than the poor — Purchase of John Herbert's
land in 1697 for the use of the Minister — John Herbert
and his father John Herbert — He makes in 1699 a deed
for the land on which stand the present Church and par
sonage — This land in the hands of the Trustees of the
First Church by virtue of their incorporation in 1784 —
Hon. Ezra L'Hommedieu, a member of the Southold
Church, probably the author of the State law for their
incorporation — Provisions of the law — Eledlion of the
first Board — Certificate of incorporation — The earliest on
Long Island — The attesting Judge, Thomas Youngs, of
Southold — The Board perpetual — The property used for
its proper purposes — Gallery built in the east end of the
Meeting House in 1699; in the west end in 1700 — Car
penters' bills — Bills for care of the Meeting House — The
Town's purchase of the pastor's homestead in 1701 —
Probable reasons therefor — This house repaired in 1702 —
Puritans in the Province compelled to be cautious —
Lord Cornbury's government — Attempt to establish the
Episcopal church — Trinity church. New York, opened in

CONTENTS. 9
1697 — Obtains the King's farm in 1703 — Infamous op
pression of the Presbyterians in Jamaica by Gov. Corn-
bury — He repays good with evil — Seizes the property of
Presbyterians — Imprisons their Ministers — His shame
ful profligacy and imprisonment — His father dies, and he
becomes an English Peer, a member of the House of
Lords — Better government under Hunter — Southold
builds a new Meeting House — The roof unsatisfadlory —
"A flatter roof " ordered in 1711 — The people increase
and spread east and west — New houses of worship desir
ed at Mattituck and Orient — Supply of Ministers increas
ing — James Reeve gives land in Mattituck about 1715
for the site of a Meeting House and Burying Ground —
Rev. Joseph Lamb ordained Minister — David Youngs
gives, January i, 1818, a deed for the site of a Meeting
House in Orient — The building eredled in 1718 and 1719 —
Amid these changes the Rev. Joshua Hobart dies, Feb.
28, 1717 — The Town orders his tomb-stone — Accounts
rendered for building his tomb with stone lime — Com
mon lime then made of burnt shells — Inscription on his
tomb-stone — The poetic part by the Rev. Mather
Byles, D. D., of Boston— Rev. Dr. Byles— Copy of the
Inscription — The grave of the Pastor's wife near his
own — Their descendants unknown. . . Page 191-245

PART III.— 1 720-1 736.
CHAPTER VI.
Third Pastor, Rev. Benjamin Woolsey— Relation of
Yarmouth, England, to Southold— Mr. Woolsey's ances
try—Their relations to Rev. Dr. Ames, Rev. Messrs.
Hugh Peters, of Salem, Thomas Hooker, of Hartford,

lO HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
and others— Some of them come to Salem— Mr. Wool
sey's grandfather becomes a resident of New York^
Moves to Jamaica — Chosen Town Clerk, 1673 — Mr.
Woolsey's father, George, Jr., becomes prominent in Ja
maica—George Woolsey, 3d, moves to Pennington, New
Jersey— His descendants there — Our third Pastor born
in Jamaica — His education at Yale College — His mar
riage — Early years of his Ministry in various places —
Complaint against Gov, Hunter for allowing him to
preach in the Episcopal church, Hopewell, N. J. — His
installation in Southold, July, 1720 — Fruits of his Minis
try — Rev. Abner Reeve — His education at Yale^-His
Ministry — His s6ns, Rev. Ezra Reeve and Judge Tap
ping Reeve — Rev. Simon Horton — His education at
Yale — His Ministry ii» Newtown, L. I. and elsewhere —
Rev. Azariah Horton — His education at Yale — Mission
ary to the Indians — His mother Mary (Tuthill) Horton
and her family — His relations to the Edinburgh " Socie
ty for Propagating Christian Knowledge " — Extradls
from the Minutes of this Society — His Journals — His
preparation of the Indians for the Rev. David Brainerd
at Easton, Pa. — His complaints against " the Sepa
rates "^He becomes the first Pastor of Madison, N. J. —
His death — His grave and epitaph — His descendants —
Judge Thomas Youngs — His education at Yale — His
civil and judicial services — His death — His ancestrj' —
His marriage — His home — His large possessions of
land — His son Thomas — His later posterity — Rev. David
Youngs — His education at Yale — His pastorate at Brook-
Haven— His death — Migration from Southold — To Ches
ter, N. J., for example— Historic sketch of that place —
Public worship in Orient— Mattituck Church organized,
1715— Its first pastor. Rev. Joseph Lamb— His removal
to Basking Ridge, N. J.— His relations to the Hon. Hen
ry Southard— a Long Islander— to Hon. Samuel
L. Southard— Historical sketch of Basking Ridge—

CONTENTS. I I
Changes produced by the formation of the Mattituck
Church and public worship there and in Orient — The
Town Meeting in 1720 votes to divide the parish lands
that each Minister may improve the same in proportion
according to the first purchase — Time unknown when
the Town ceased to pay the Minister's salary — No means
of warming the church in winter — Isaac Conklin per
mitted in 1722 to build on the Town-lot a convenience-
house, in which persons attending public worship may
warm themselves before and after the divine service in
the church — The first Meeting House, used as a prison
from 1683 to 1727, ordered to be sold — The Courts met
in Southold and Southampton during these years and
afterwards in Riverhead. , . . Page 249-282

PART IV.— 1 73 6- 1 740.
CHAPTER VII.
Rev. Benjamin Woolsey moves to Dosoris — Descrip
tion of that place — His Ministry for twenty years while
living there — He preaches at his own house — His gener
ous hospitality — He supplies Hempstead — His gratui
tous services^His devotion to his sacred duties — His
death, August 15, 1756 — His character and attainments —
His style of preaching — His conspicuous virtues — His
excellence in all the relations of home life and of socie
ty — Visit to his former home — Part of his residence now
standing — Place of his burial with his father and many
of his kindred — Inscription on his tomb-stone — Geneal
ogy of his descendants — Many of them greatly distin
guished — His son, M. T. Woolsey — His grand-son, M. L.
Woolsey — Letter from Henry Lloyd relating to the mar-

12 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
riages of John Lloyd and Sarah Woolsey — M. T. Wool
sey's daughter Rebekah marries James Hillhouse —
James Hillhouse and his descendants — M. L. Woolsey's
services in the Revolutionary War and thereafter — His
marriage, and connections thereby — His son M. T.
Woolsey in the U. S. Navy — Our third Pastor's second
son, Benjamin — His education at Yale — His marriages —
His children — Their connedlions and posterity — Rev.
Timothy Dwight, D. D., President of Yale College-
William W. Woolsey — His daughter Elizabeth, mother
of Major Theodore Winthrop — His son John M. Wool
sey, father of Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, " Susan Cooi-
idge " — Our third pastor's great grandson, Theodore
Dwight Woolsey, D. D., LL. D., President of Yale Col
lege, son of W. W. Woolsey — President Woolsey's son
Theodore S. Woolsey, Professor of International Law in
Yale College — Rev. Benjamin Woolsey's granddaughter
Elizabeth, daughter of Benjamin, marries William Dun-
lap, the artist — Other descendants in the female lines,
Lt. Gov. John Broome, Chancellor William T. McCoun,
Rear Admiral S. L.. Breese ; Hon. Sidney Breese, Chief
justice of Illinois, U. S. Senator ; Sarah Elizabeth Gris-
wold, wife of Prof Morse, Inventor of the Telegraph ;
Arthur Breese, U. S. Navy ; Mary Welles Davenport,
wife of James Boorman ; George Welles McClure, U. S.
Army ; Henry Welles, Judge of N. Y. Supreme Court ;
Abigail Woolsey Welles, wife of the Rev. Dr. Henry G.
Ludlow and mother of the well known authors Fitszhugh
Ludlow and Helen W. Ludlow — Rev. James Davenport
becomes Pastor of Southold after Mr. Woolsey's resig
nation — His ancestry — His birth in Stamford, Conn. —
His education at Yale — His studies for the Ministry —
His ill health — His Ministry in Southold, 1738-1739 — His
call in 1738 to Maidenhead and Hopewell, N. J. — His
preference for Southold — His remarkable career in the
erratic period of his Ministry — His excellent character

CONTENTS. 13
in his latest years — His death in Hopewell, N. J.— Visit
to the place of his burial — Description of the scene —
Inscription on his tomb-stone — Grave of his wife — In
scription on her tomb-stone — Their children — Ministry
of his son, the Rev. John Davenport — Southold's civil
relations in the later periods of its First Century — Gov
ernors of the Province — Members of the Assembly from
Suffolk — The County Judges — The County Surrogates —
The County Sheriffs — The County Clerks — Shelter Isl
and ceases in 1730 to continue a part of Southold Town —
Names of its twenty voters-^Meeting House built on
Shelter Island in 1733 for a Presbyterian Church — The
congregation incorporated April 26, 1785 — Names of the
Trustees — The church organized in 1808 — Brindley Syl
vester of Shelter Island — His Chaplain, William Adams —
Mr. Sylvester's dwelling, built in 1737, now the summer
residence of Prof E. N. Horsford — Mrs. Horsford's kin
dred — Purchases on the Island by William Nicholl and
George Havens — The Supervisorship becomes in 1694
the chief civil office of the Towns in the State of New
York — Names of Southold's Supervisors in the last
half of its First Century — Condition and character of
the people at the close of the First Century of the
Town  Page 285-327

PART I.
PERIOD OF THE MINISTRY OF THE
REV. JOHN YOUNGS.
I 6 40- 1672.

CHAPTER I.
There is a peculiar attra6lion which draws
the thoughts and affeftions of men to the
sources of any stream, that having continued
to flow from age to age, still spreads its be
nign influences far and wide, ' with ever-in
creasing volume and usefulness. And the ex
plorations of the Nile or the Amazon are not
more charming to some minds than the inves
tigation of the places, conditions, circum
stances and causes of the fountains and cur
rents of those historic movements which have
contributed to shape the destiny and promote
the welfare of our country and our race.

1 8 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
The origin, diredllon and chara6ler of the
smallest streams are full of interest to every
man who would thoroughly understand the
life and wealth which the broader and deeper
river of our national and Christian history now
bears and carries forward upon its ample and ¦
generous bosom.
It may be superfluous to remark, that the
history of permanent Christian institutions, in
this country, before the close of a third of the
seventeenth century, presents only
" The baby figures of the giant mass
Of things to come at large."
It is at this point that we come upon a re
cord which dii-e6lly pertains to the early his
tory of Southold, Long Island. It is in these
words :
"The examination of John Yonge, of St.
Margaretts, Suff, minister aged 35 years and
Joan his wife aged 34 yeares with 6 children
John, Thomas, Anne, Rachel, Marey and Jo
seph are desirous to passe fo Salam in N
England to inhabit
"This man was forbyden passage by the
commissioners and went not from Yarmouth."

JOHN YOUNGS MIGRATES. 1 9
For this record of the royal Commissioners
of Emigration, see Massachusetts Hist. So
ciety's Col. — Fourth Series, vol. i., page loi.
This is a record of 1633, if the record cor-
re6lly gives his age 35 years, and if he was
74 years of age at his death in 1672, as the in
scription on his tombstone relates. But in
the " Indexes of Southold," by Charles B.
Moore, Esq., it is held, that Mr. Youngs's at
tempt to emigrate from Yarmouth occurred
May II, 1637, as stated in the copy of the Eng
lish Record made for Mr. Savage. The Com
missioners of Emigration were appointed, it
is believed, in 1634. See the New York Ge
nealogical and Biographical Record, vol. 4, p.
16. The minister, whose passage from Yar
mouth to Salem the Commissioners forbade
only a few years after the organization of the '
earliest cliurch in New England, seems to
have had no desire to return to St. Margaret's
in Suffolk.
But where was this St. Margaret's ? For
there were more than one St. Margaret's in
Suffolk. We should perhaps most naturally
refer this record to St. Margaret's of Southolt
in the Hundred of Hoxne, Suffolk. The name

20 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
of the place is printed Southold in Camden.
In Lewis's Topographical Di6lionary of Eng
land, fifth edition, 1842, it is described as fol
lows : "SOUTHOLT, (St. Margaret) a par
ish in the union and hundred of Hoxne, E.
Division of the County of Suffolk, 5 .miles
(S. E. by S.) from Eye; containing 211 in
habitants. The living is a perpetual curacy,
endowed with the great tithes, and annexed
to the re6lory of- Worlingworth : the tithes
have been commuted to a rent-charge of
;^237.io. A school is supported out of the
rents of town lands, the proceeds of which,
amounting to about .^100 per annum, are ap
plied to the repairs of the church, and to the
general purposes of the parish." Investiga
tion seems to show, that Mr. Youngs never
had charge of this church and parish. In re
ply to a letter making inquiry as to Mr.
Youngs's incumbency of this St. Margaret's,
previous to his emigration to this country, the
Reverend Redlor of Worlingworth most cour
teously gave the following evidence, that Mr.
Youngs was not at any time during the sev
enteenth century an incumbent of that parish :

SOUTHOLT, SUFFOLK. 21
" Worlingworth Re6lory,
Wickham Market,
Suffolk, February, i8, 1879.^
Dear Sir : — I have been waiting for an an
swer, which I enclose, from the Bishop of
Norwich's Registrar (Mr. Bonsly) as to the
names of the Incumbents at the time you
mention. I am sorry to say Mr. Youngs's
name does not appear. Yet St. Margaret's
and, Southolt — spelt in Camden Southold —
are certainly curious coincidences td say the
least. Trusting you will excuse my long de
lay, I am, Dear Sir, respeftfully, Fred. French,
Re6lor of Worlingworth and Southolt, Suffolk.
To the Rev. Epher Whitaker,
Southold, Suffolk Co,,
New York, U. S. A."
The Rev. Redlor's letter from the Rev. W.
T. Bonsly, the Registrar of the Diocese of
Norwich, is this :
" Diocesan Registry, Norwich, 1
17 February, 1879. j
Dear Sir : — The question in your letter of
the 4th inst. whether the Rev. John Youngs
was Redlor of Southold or South (w) old *
* * * is easily answered in
the negative. * * *
I have referred to Dr. Tanner's list of In
cumbents of Worlingworth with Southolt. It
does not contain the name of John Young.

22 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
The Incumbents, mentioned by him, in the
17th century, are Miles Spencer
1623 Philip Tynck
Tickle turned out 1643.
1 66 1 Hugh Roberts
1 666 John Ward
1673 Thos. Colman.
I return Mr. Whitaker's letter.
Yours faithfully,
W. T. BoNSLY.
The Revd. F. French."
There is another St. Margaret's in Suffolk
in the Hundred of Wangford. It is about
midway between Halesworth and Bungay, and
some six miles from each. It is St. Marga
ret's Ilketshall. But nothing has been found
to show that the Rev. John Youngs was ever
the minister of that place. Thomas Young,
the teacher of John Milton, was from 1630 to
1655 the redlor of Stow-Market, a large bor
ough and polling place in the central part of
Suffolk County, on the line of the railroad
from London by way of Ipswich and Norwich
to Yarmouth. It is most likely that our first
pastor was connected in some way with St.
Margaret's in the village of Reydon, near the
sea-coast, and in the Hundred of Blything.

SOUTHWOLD, SUFFOLK. 23
Wangford is on the great post-road between
Ipswich and Yarmouth, and Southwold is on
the shore of the sea about five or six miles
southeast of Wangford. Reydon is about mid
way between these two places. An important
letter recently sent from New Jersey and plain
ly directed to Southold, Suffolk County, Long
Island, reached its destination in twenty-one
days with the postmarks of both Wangford
and Southwold, England, upon it. In some
books and maps published in the seventeenth
century, and found in the Presbyterian His
torical Society's Library in Philadelphia, South
wold, England, is printed "Southould" and
" Sowolde." On an eminence in Southwold,
so as to look out upon the North Sea, a fine
church edifice was built in 1460 and dedicated
to St. Edmunds. This was a chapel annexed
to the vicarage of Reydon, and the curate of
this chapel was appointed by the vicar of
Reydon, who from 161 1 to his death in 1626
was the Rev. Christopher Young. His suc
cessor, appointed the next year, was the Rev.
John Goldsmith. From this neighborhood it
is highly probable that Christopher Youngs
of Massachusetts came to America, and to this
St. Margaret's of Reydon it may be supposed

24 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
that the Rev. John Youngs belonged when he
purposed to cross the ocean for Salem in New
England to inhabit. He may have ministered
in Southwold as a curate of the vicar of St.
Margaret's in Reydon. Edward Yonges, a
vicar, was in Southwold in 1616. It is stated
by Charles B. Moore, Esq., that our first pas
tor " had the official record of being forbid
den passage in the Mary Ann of Yarmouth —
the vessel in which he proposed to sail in 1637
from Yarmouth to Salem, with Mrs. Ames,
and with his own wife and children. Some ol
his parishoners came in that vessel, and prob
ably his family, for they soon arrived.'' He
may have made the voyage by way of Hol
land. "He appeared at Salem, Massachu
setts, at the same time with ' the widow Ames'
and her sons. Lands were voted to be given
to him if he would stay at Salem, and also to
her, and to the widow Paine, who, with others,
came over in the Mary Ann when he was
stopped. Mr. Youngs did not stay long at
Salem, but appeared soon at New Haven with
Mr. Davenport." See the New York Genea
logical and Biographical Record, vol. 3, p.
164, vol. 4, p. 16. These fa6ls make it high
ly probable that our first pastor was a kins-

HINGHAM, NORFOLK. 25
man of the vicar of Reydon, and that our Pu
ritan town, the oldest on Long Island, was
named Southold on account of his connexion
with Southould or Southwold in England.
The name of the county also was taken of
course from Suff"olk County, England. Un
doubtedly the various modes of writing the
names as Southold, Southhold, Southould,
Southwold, Sowolde, had far more relation to
the written than to the oral use.
After the Rev. John Youngs was forbidden
to sail for New England from Yarmouth just
at the point where England thrusts the coast
line deepest into the German ocean, perhaps
he retired a day's journey direftly inland to
ward the west, and became the ' pastor of a
church at Hingham, in Norfolk County, a par
ish some ten or twelve miles nearly west of
the city of Norwich.
Trumbull, in his History of Connecticut,
says that " New Haven, or their confederates,
purchased and settled Yennycock, [Southold]
on Long Island. Mr. John Youngs, who had
been a minister at Hingham, in England,
came over with a considerable part of his
church, and here fixed his residence. He
gathered his church anew on the 2 ist of Ofto-
3

26 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
ber, [1640,] and the planters united them
selves with New Haven." " Some of the
principal men were the Reverend Mr. Youngs,
Mr. William Wells, Mr. Barnabas Horton,
Thomas Mapes, John Tuthill, and Matthias
Corwin." There is no trace of evidence known to me
that all of these men ever resided in New
Haven. Thompson, in his History of Long Island,
says that the Rev. John Youngs " organized a
church at New Haven, and they, with others
willing to accompany them, commenced the
settlement of this town." But Thompson
gives no authority for this statement, and it is
manifestly unhistorical. It was " here " at
Southold that " he gathered his church
anew;" for it was "here" at Southold that
he " fixed his residence ;" and the church
which he gathered anew was not a church or
ganized in New Haven ; but it was organized
in Southold where he fixed his residence.
Mr. Augustus Griffin, in his "Journal,"
tells a lively story of the settlement of South-
old — how a company of thirteen men with
their families left England about the year
1638 ; after some weeks, arrived at New Ha-

a FANCIFUL STORY, 27
ven, "then a small' village in the then colony
of Connedlicut ;" how they remained there
about two years, until early in the autumn of
1640, when they all embarked in a vessel
with their families, effedis, and provisions
enough to supply them for the coming win
ter, and sailed to Southold and made their
dwellings here. The names of these thirteen
men, Mr. Griffin says, were Rev. John Youngs,
Barnabas Horton, William Wells, Esq., Peter
Hallock, John Tuthill, Richard Terry, Thomas
Mapes, Matthias Corwin, Robert Akerly, Ja
cob Corey, John Conkline, Isaac Arnold, John
Budd. "These men," he adds, "with their
families, were the first of any civilized nation
that had made the attempt to settle on the
east end of Long Island. This took place in
the early part of September 1640."
The venerable man who wrote the above
when he was ninety years of age, was genial,
kindly, and imaginative, and he drew largely
for his fadts upon his fancy in making the sketch
of the settlement and early history of South-
old. No company of thirteen men, including
these whose names he gives, ever crossed the
ocean in the same vessel, or lived two years
together in New Haven, or sailed to Southold

28 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
either at the time or in the manner that he
describes in the first pages of his romantic
narrative ; nor was New Haven at that time
in the then colony of Connedlicut. His
" thirteen adventurers" include men of differ
ent generations, and some of them were
scarcely born in 1640. There is only a tradi
tion that one of them was ever in Southold at
any time.
These fadls are now well known in respedl
to them, namely :
William Wells, Esq., son of an eminent
prebendary of the cathedral of Norwich, who
was also the Redlor of the most magnificent
and splendid church in that city, left England,
it is believed, June 19th, 1635, i" the same
vessel with John Bayley, another of the early
settlers of Southold, who in 1664 became the
first of three purchasers of the Indian title of
Elizabeth, New Jersey. Mr. Wells probably
came here by way of Lynn, Massachusetts,
and not from New Haven. See Moore's
"Indexes of Southold" and Hayes's "Wil
liam Wells of Southold."
Barnabas Horton was not a native of
Hingham in Norfolkshire ; but of Mouseky
in Leicestershire. There is no evidence that

BarNaBas Horto.\. 29
he ever was in Hingham, England, or in New
Haven, in this country, before he settled at
Southold, He may have dwelt in Hampton,
Massachusetts, previous to 1640, See the
Horton Genealogy, by G, F, Horton, M, D,
The following is the inscription on the mas
sive slab of blue slate', imported from Mouse-
ley, that rests upon the walls which surround
his grave :
" Here lieth buried the body of Mr. Barna
bas Horton, who was born at Mousely, Lei
cestershire, old England, and died at South-
old, on the 13th day of July, 1680, aged 80
years. Here lies my body tombed in dust
' Till Christ shall come to raise it with the just ;
My soul ascended to the throne of God,
Where with sweet Jesus now I make abode :
Then hasten after me, my dearest wife,
To be partaker of this blessed life ;
And you, dear children all, follow the Lord,
Hear and obey His public sacred word ;
And in your houses call upon His name.
For oft have I advised you to the same :
Then God will bless you with your children all.
And to this blessed place he will you call.
Heb. XI: 4. 'ile being cle.id, yetspe.aketh.' "

30 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Peter Hallock was probably the father of
William Hallock, and may have come to
Southold ; but there is only traditional evi
dence of it, William Hallock, who died on
the 28th day of September, 1684, '^ft a re
cord, property and posterity here. He
wrote his name Holyoake, But he was pro
bably the ancestor of all the Hallocks and
Hallecks in this country. See the Records
of the Town of Southold, and William Uol-
yoake's will in the " Hallock Genealogy," by
the Rev. William A. Hallock, D. D.
John Tuthill may have come to this place
from Hingham, Massachusetts, whence came
hither Henry Tuthill, the ancestor of all the
Tuthills of Southold. Henry Tuthill settled
in Hingham, Massachusetts, in 1637, where
he had land which he afterwards sold, proba
bly because of his removal to Southold. His
wife survived him, and afterwards became the
wife of William Wells, Esq. See Town Re
cords, Book A, folio 105, and Tuthill " Fam
ily Meeting," pages 31 — 33, printed at Sag
Harbor, 1867. See also New Haven Colony
Records, 2, folio 97.
Richard Terry sailed from England with his
elder brothers Thomas and Robert in 1635.

Terry, I^UrRier, mapEs. 31
Both Thomas and Richard subsequently made
their homes in Southold. But in 1640 Rich
ard was negotiating with Capt, Howe, of Lynn,
Massachusetts, for a settlement on Long Is
land, and Capt. Howe, at that time, was plan
ning to settle Southampton, See Moore's
" Indexes of Southold" and George R, How
ell's " History of Southampton, Long Island,"
Thomas Mapes was here as early as 1657.
He was a son-in-law of William Furrier, who
was settled in Southold before any record
was made to show the presence and interests
of Mr. Mapes in this place. William Furrier
was of Olney, Buckinghamshire, the parish
which Newton and Cowper have made fa
mous. He sailed from England with his wife
and three children on the first day of April
1635, in the " Hopewell," for New England.
John Coopfer and Edmund Farrington of the
same village were his companions on the
voyage, John Cooper settled in Boston,
where he became a " freeman," that is, a
voter, in 1636. He afterwards removed to
New Haven and subsequently became one of
the foremost, wealthy and influential persons
in Southampton, Long Island. He was in
Southold, with his home in Southampton, in

^i MI.'^TORV OF SOUTHOLD,
1673, Edmund Farrington setded in Lynn,
and afterward became interested in the plant
ing of Southampton, L. L Thomas Mapes,
who seems to have come to Southold later
than these Olney men came to Long Island,
made his will in 1686. It was proved the
next year. See Town Records of Southold.
Documents relating to the Colonial History
of New York. Moore's Indexes. Howell's
Southampton. Hatfield's Elizabeth.
Matthias Corwin settled in Ipswich, Massa
chusetts, before he made his home in South-
old. He received a grant of land — probably
a second grant — in that place in 1634. It is
evident that he came to Southold by way of
New Haven, and may have been in Southold
soon after the purchase of the place by the
authorities of New Haven. The excellent
" Corwin Genealogy," by the Rev. Edward
Tanjore Corwin, D. D., refers to the proper
authorities, and says on page 161, that " the
record at Ipswich notes that he emigrated
thence to Long Island." The chapel of the
Presbyterian Church, just across the main
street from the First Church of Southold, now
stands on his house-home lot.
Robert Akerly probably came from Stam-

COREY, CONKLlN. 33
ford or New Haven to Southold early in the
history of this place ; but the precise year is
unknown. Jacob Corey may have been a native of
Southold ; for he died here in 1 706, more
than sixty-five years after the Rev. John
Youngs gathered his church anew in this
place ; and so far as known, his name appear
ed for the first time upon the record here in
1667, when he received a deed for a house
and lot from John Tuthill. He belonged to
the second generation here. See Town
Records. John Conklin doubtless came to Southold
from Salem, Massachusetts, where he re
ceived, as one of its inhabitants, a grant of
four acres of land on the 30th day of May
1649. Before 1655 he removed to Southold
and made his home here, apparently in the
part of the town called Hashamommuck,
though he seems to have retained his lands in
Salem ; for in 1683 he gave his son John a
deed for them. Previous to this date, he had
removed to Huntington, L. I. See Town
Records. Isaac Arnold was born about the time of
the settlement of Southold, and died more

34 HISTORY OF -SOUTHOLD,
than sixty-six years after the organization of
our First Church here. He became a promi
nent citizen of the second generation, after
the Rev. John Youngs, William Wells, Esq.,
Matthias Corwin, Barnabas Horton, Thomas
Moore, Capt. John Underbill, Barnabas
Wines, William Furrier, and other chief men
of the first generation had died.
John Budd was in New Haven in 1639,
and for several years thereafter, as the New
Haven Records show ; and most probably he
continued to live there or in England for the
next fifteen years. He was in the Old
country in 1654. On his return, he concern
ed himself in the settlement of Setauket,
Long Island ; but he became a resident of
Southold prior to 1657. In 1658 he had
much trouble and litigation with some of his
neighbors. The ample records of this year
show that most precious interests and deep
feelings were touched by a protracted investi
gation under the provisions of this Town-law
respecting slander :
" Every such person as inhabiteth among
us and shall be found to bee a common tale
bearer, tatler, or busie bodie in idle matters,
forger or coyner of reports, untruths or lyes,

JOHN BUDD, 35
or frequently using provokeinge, rude, unsav-
orie words, tending to disturb the peace, shall
forfeit and pay for every default lo s."
It was very likely inconveniences arising
from the enforcement of this law against one
of his neighbors, that led Mr, Budd, in 1659, to
sell his house-home lot in this Town, and re
move from the place to the main land. In
1 66 1, he purchased land of the Indians in
Westchester county, New York, where he set
tled, and continued to reside until the time of
his death, which occurred as early as 1670.
See Town Records, New Haven Records,
Bolton's History of Westchester County,
Moore's Indexes, etc.
The fadls on record in respedT; to these
" thirteen men " most thoroughly prove, that
there is no historic foundation whatever for
the story that they came here together in Sep
tember 1640 and settled this Town. The
fadls prove that they never came from Eng
land in company ; that they never were to
gether in New Haven, either in 1640, or be
fore or after this date ; that they never came
to Southold in the same vessel and at the
same time ; that some of therri were elsewhere
for several years after the settlement ; that

36 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
others of them belonged to the second gen
eration of its inhabitants ; that the greater part
of them were never members of the Rev, John
Youngs's church in Hingham, England ; that
they were never organized as a church in New
Haven ; that the story of the settlement to
which Griffin's "Journal" has given currency
is a fidlion.
Thompson says that the Rev. John Youngs
"came to New Haven in 1638;" and this
statement is likely to hold good. He also
states, that " the Governor of New Haven
Theophilus Eaton, and the authorities there
had not only aided the first settlers in their,
negotiations about the purchase of the soil,
but adlually took the conveyance in their own
names, and exercised a limited control over
the territory for several years." These state
ments rest immovably on the New Haven Re
cords. On the 1 8th of June, 1639, Matthew Sun
derland leased of James Farrett lands which
are in the town of Southold. On the 4th of
September, 1639, he took a receipt for rent
paid thereon. The next year he improved the
land and paid rent thereon a second time,
namely, September 9th, 1 640. After his death,

lease, JUNE 1 8, 1639. 37
his widow retained posession of his improve
ments ; and in 1649, having previously mar
ried William Salmon, her second husband and
her children took the personal property and
claimed the land under the lease from Farrett.
See the Town Records. Farrett's first trans
action with the Southampton people was a
year later than with Sunderland — one being
June 18, 1639, and the other being June 12,
1 640, Richard Jackson was appointed in Massa
chusetts, 20th November, 1637, '^^ ^ commit
tee to lay off^ Sudbury. In March, 1638, an
other man, named Oliver, was appointed in
his place. On the 15th of August, 1640, he
obtained a deed from Lord Sterling's agent,
James Farrett, for lands which he had pur
chased in this Town. This was earlier than
Stirling's deed to Southampton. On the 25th
of the Odlober, 1640, he sold this land with
his house upon it and other improvements to
Thomas Weatherby, mariner, for;i^i5 sterling.
Weatherby subsequently sold it to Stephen
Goodyear, the eminent merchant of New Ha
ven ; and Goodyear with title from Weather
by, Jackson, and the Indians, sold it to John
Ketcham, by whom it was conveyed to Thomas
4

38 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Moore, in the possession of whose descendants
and heirs it remains, it is believed, until this
day. See Goodyear's deed in the Town Re
cords. This sale of his land with his dwelling house
and other improvements by Jackson was made
four days after the Rev. John Youngs gather
ed his church anew in this place.
It is not known how many other settlers
were here in 1639 and the following year, be
fore the church was organized on the 21st of
Odlober 1640, In the planting of the adjoin
ing Town of Southampton, it would appear
that some of the men at least were on the soil
several months before the formation of their
church in November, a month later than the
organization of the First Church of Southold,
The church and town here were in the closest
relations with New Haven ; and the first set
tlers of the latter place landed on the site
chosen for their plantation the 15th of April,
1638, (O. S.) ; but it was not until August
2 1st, 1639, that the church was fully organized.
See its Manual for the year 1867. The anal
ogy of the neighboring settlements, the known
fadls, and the nature of the case, leave no
doubt, that some of the early settlers of South-

INDIAN TITLES. 39
old were here many months, and perhaps two
years before the organization of the church
on the 2 1 St of Odlober, 1640. We trace them
on their way hither through other parts of New
England, from 1635 onward. Some of them
removed from other places during the years
1638 and 1639, and probably came here about
the same time.
It was not the custom of the early settlers
of New England and other parts of the coun
try to purchase the Indian title and afterwards
begin the settlement. On the contrary, the
settlements were first begun, and subsequent
ly the settlers engaged in trade with the In
dians ; and when it became convenient, they
purchased the Indian title to the land which
they had already occupied. So it was done
at Plymouth, and Wethersfield, and Hartford,
and New Haven, and New York, and many
other places. So it was done on Long Island
at Southold, Southampton, Jamaica, and else
where. The purchase of Southold was made
of the Indians here as early at least as August,
1640, and. it is simply preposterous to sup
pose that the earliest settlers, the Rev. John
Youngs and his companions, came here and
begun the settlement of the Town at a

40 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
later date. They were doubtless here several
months, and very likely a whole year, before
the purchase of the Indian title in August,
1640, There seems to be all-sufficient evi
dence to support the oft-repeated historic
statement, which is made in the words of the
Rev. Dr. Prime's History, that " Southold was
the first town settled on Long Island,"
Mr, George R. Howell, the historian of
Southampton, has recently presented a claim
to this distinction in behalf of that Town. But
the claim is based upon the unfounded sup
position, that there were no settlers in the
Town of Southold previous to the autumn of
1640, about the time of the organization of
the church in Odlober, (which the Hon. Silas
Wood, in his "Towns of Long Island," seems
erroneously to regard as the settlement of
the Town), or the claim is put forth on the
ground of an imaginary transfer of an imagin
ary church or company of men from New
Haven to Southold, as stated by Griffin, " in
the early part of September, 1640." The
truth is, that the settlement here was so old
in the autumn of 1640, that Richard Jackson,
who had cultivated his land and built his
house and other improvements here, desired

OLDEST L. i. TOWN. 41
at that time to sell, and did sell, his dwelling
house, and all his other improvements, as well
as his land within this Town, only four days
after the date of the organization of the First
Church of Southold.
The fadls show that this Town is older than
Southampton in all the essential and import
ant tests of settlement, namely :
I . Southold is older than Southampton by
the earlier purchase of the territory from the
Indians. 2. Southold is older than Southampton by
the earlier renting and purchase of land from
English owners, and cultivation and improve
ment thereof, by the first dwellers within the
bounds of the Town.
3. Southold is older than Southampton by
its union in Civil Government with the Towns
of the New Haven Jurisdiction at an- earlier
date than the union of Southampton with
the Colony of Connedlicut.
4. Southold is older than Southampton by
the earlier organization of its First Church in
an age when the political and the religious
life and institutions of the people were so
closely interwoven.
Thus the long-continued historical state-

42 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
ment remains good, that " Southold was the
first Town settled on Long Island," It may
be added, that in the year 1640 the New
Haven Colony made a large purchase of ter
ritory on both sides of the Delaware,' or South
river, and sent thither about fifty families.
This purchase seems to have been made after
the New Haven Jurisdiction had secured pos
session of Southold on Long Island across
the Sound from the original settlement. See
Trumbull's History of Connedlicut, Vol. i,
p. 119,
When the Town Records of Southampton
were edited, printed and published a few
years since, the Hon. Henry A. Reeves, a
native of the Town of Southampton and a
resident of the Town of Southold, wrote and
published in his paper, the Republican Watch
man of Greenport, the conclusion which he
had formed on this subject after an examina
tion of the Records, and subsequently also to
the publication of many columns at different
times in his paper for and against the new
claim of priority of settlement put forth in
behalf of his native Town. He said : " Be
sides our interest in this volume as ' a son of
the soil,' we have examined it with some care

OLDER THAN SOUTHAMPTON. 43
in order to find whatever light may be cast by
it upon the mooted question of priority of
settlement as between the towns of Southold
and Southampton, but fail to discover any
positive or very satisfadlory circumstantial
evidence bearing upon the point. Certainly
the claim recently advanced on behalf of South
ampton, in opposition to the long and hereto
fore universally accepted tradition (admitting
that it is not established upon the basis of
exadl historic truth), which has presented
Southold as the oldest town in the State of
New York settled by people of English de
scent, cannot be supported upon mere infer
ences and conjedlures. The earliest writings
in the Town archives, as published in the First
Book of Records, do not furnish any stronger
or other proofs of priority than such as are
stridlly inferential. It may be there are other
grounds on which Southold's precedence can
be disputed, but they have not yet been
brought to our notice."
When Southold became a part of the Juris-
didlion of the New Haven Colony, the people
and government of that plantation sometimes
called this Long Island Town by its Indian
name Yennecock, or Yennecott, and some-

44 History oF southOlD.
times by its English name Southold. When
the people of Southold were about to build a
village at the western end of the territory of
the Town, on Wading River, they voted in
Town Meeting that it should be called West
Hold. See Town Records, Book A.
For nearly thirty years past I have been
carefully making a list of the early settlers,
who left written evidence, (in the Town Rec
ords ; in Deeds conveying lands, or other
property ; in Wills ; on Tombstones, or other
documents,) that they were full grown men
here within the life-time of the first pastor.
Nearly all named In the list which I have
made were not only residents here, but also
landowners. In the words of the Town Pa
tent, they were " Freeholders and Inhabitants."
Of course there were many who left no writ
ten record which has survived them and come
down to us. But the life which they lived
here has gone into the body and soul of those
adlivities and endurances that have formed
the history and the charadler of this place.
Though we know not their names, we never
theless enjoy the fruit of their virtues, and
reap the harvest of their toils. The very fadl
that they are unnamed may be owing to their

EARLY settlers.

45

superior modesty and worth, just as a goodly
number of women, — faithful daughters, wives
and mothers, — who have left no written record
here, doubtless surpassed in patience, indus
try, virtue and piety many sons, husbands and
fathers whose names are thus known. They
shall in a future day and thenceforth and for
ever have their proper and honorable meed
when the names, written in the Book of Life,
become known to all mankind.
Here is the list, which is believed to be ac
curate as to all whom it includes :

Robert Akerly,
Isaac Arnold,
Thomas Baker,
John Bayley,
Thomas Benedidl,
Richard Benjamin,
Simeon Benjamin,
John Booth,
Richard Brown,
Richard Brown, Jr.,
John Budd,
David Carwithe,
Henry Case,
Roger Cheston,

Richard Clark,
John Conklin,
John Conklin, Jr.,
Jacob Conklin,
Thomas Cooper,
John Corey,
Jacob Corey,
Abraham, Corey,
Matthias Corwin,
John Corwin,
Theophilus Corwin,
William Cramer,
Caleb Curtis,
Thomas Curtis,

46

history of southold.

Philemon Dickerson,
Peter Dickerson,
John Dickerson,
Thomas Dimon,
Nicholas Edes,
John Elton,
Matthias Edwards,
John England,
Jeffrey Esty,
William Fanley,
Benoni Flint,
John Franklin,
John Frost,
Charles Glover,
Samuel Glover,
Ralph Goldsmith,
John Greete,
Samuel Grover,
Simon Grover,
James Haines,
John Haines,
William Hallock,
Richard Harrude,
John Herbert,
John Herbert, Jr.,
James Hildreth,
Barnabas Horton,

Joseph Horton,
Benjamin Horton,
Caleb Horton,
Joshua Horton,
Jonas Houldsworth,
Richard Howell,
Thomas Hutchinson,
Richard Jackson,
Joseph Jennings,
William Johnson,
Jeffrey Jones,
John Ketchum,
John King,
Samuel King,
Thomas Mapes,
Thomas Mapes, Jr.,
Jeremiah Meacham,
Stephen Metcalf,
George Miller,
Thomas Moore,
Benjamin Moore,
Jonathan Modre,
Nathaniel Moore,
Francis Nichols,
Humphrey Norton,
Thomas Osman,
Isaac Overton,

early settlers.

47

Peter Paine,
John Paine,
John Peakin,
Edward Petty,
William Furrier,
John Racket,
James Reeve,
Thomas Rider,
John Rider,
William Robinson,
Evan Salisbury,
William Salmon,
John Salmon,
Thomas Scudder,
Henry Scudder,
Joshua Silvester,
Richard Skidmore,
Arthur Smyth,
Nathaniel Smyth,
Robert Smyth,
Thomas Stevenson,
Edward Stevenson,
Matthew Sunderland,
John Swezey,
Thomas Terrell,
Richard Terry,
Thomas Terry,

John Terry,
Daniel Terry,
Edward Treadwell,
John Tucker,
Charles Tucker,
Henry Tuthill,
John Tuthill,
John Tuthill, Jr.,
Daniel Turner,
Thomas Tustin,
John Underbill,
Jeremiah Vail,
•Jeremiah Vail, Jr.,
Thomas Weatherby,
William Wells,
Henry Whitney,
Thomas Whittier,
John Wiggins,
Abraham Wiggins,
Barnabas Wines,
Barnabas Wines, Jr.,
Samuel Wines,
John Youngs, pastor,
John Youngs, Jr.,
Thomas Youngs,
Samuel Youngs,
Joseph Youngs,

48 history of southold,
Christopher Youngs, Joseph Youngs, Jr.,
Joseph Youngs, mariner, Gideon Youngs,— 138
There are 138 names in the list.
' It has fallen in my way to learn much of the
history of some of these men and of their de
scendants of the earlier generations; and I
may say, that there is abundant evidence,
from many sources, that the first settlers were
lovers of liberty and virtue, and had intelli
gence, and wisdom, and enterprise, and indus
try, and endurance, and piety enough to make
them, by God's blessing, the worthy found
ers of a permanent and prosperous Church
and Town. Throughout the period of twentj?-
two years from the first planting of the Town,
it was only the men who were Church mem
bers in full communion that could be voters in
the Town Meeting or hold any office of trust
or responsibility in the Town. Their faith and
patience, their foresight and energy, their pure
worship of God, their high moral life through
obedience to His word, and their supreme
trust in His Son, enabled those who knew them
to say: "The wilderness and the solitary place
shall be glad for them ; and the desert shall
rejoice and blossom as the rose," They faith-

REMOVALS, 49
fully accomplished the work which Divine Prov
idence committed to their hearts and hands,
and left to their successors the precious in
heritance that sprang into existence as the
fruit of their virtues and their toils.
Of the full-grown men — at least one hun
dred and thirty-eight — who lived here and left
their record in the annals of this Town during
the period of the ministry of the first pas
tor from 1640 to 1672, not a few removed to
other places, and became important factors and
elements in the settlement and life of other
Towns. Of these, Thomas Baker removed to East
hampton, Long Island. He was one of the
settlers and representatives of that Town who
obtained in 1649 the title from Gov. Eaton and
Gov, Hopkins, these Governors having pur
chased it the previous year from the native
chiefs of Manhanset, (Shelter Island), Mon-
tauk, Cutchogue, and Shinnecock. His name
is first in the list of residents of Easthampton
who in 1660 bought the title of Montauk from
the widow and son of the Chief In this list
are also the names of Jeremiah Meacham and
George Miller, who had been previously in
habitants of Southold,
5

50 history of southold.
John Tucker lived on the site of Mr. Bama-
bus Horton Booth's present residence. His
home and land there gave name to the street
which bounds Mr. Booth's property on the
northeast and east from the main street of the
village to the north road. He became one of
the early settlers of the Town of Brookhaven,
Long Island ; and so did William Fanley, John
Budd, Arthur Smyth, Robert Akerly and John
Frost. John Underbill, the famous Captain, ended
his remarkable career in Oyster Bay Township,
Queens County, Long Island. The early his
tory of New England and New York very
clearly shows how he used his sword. While
he was living in Southold he wrote a letter to
John Winthrop, Jr., a part of which letter may
show how he used his pen. It is this :
"Southould, L. I., )
12 of April 1656. j
Sir I was latli at Flusching. Hanna Feke
is to be marrid to a verri gentiele young man,
of gud abiliti, of louli fetture and gud behafior."
This Hanna Feke was a sister of Capt. John
Underbill's wife, Elizabeth Feke — not " Field,"
as Thomson says in his History of Long Is
land — and, sure enough, she was niarried to

THOMAS benedict. 51
John Bowne on the 7th day of the next month
after Capt. Underbill wrote the above letter to
Gov. Winthrop.
Thomas Stevenson, who came to Southold
and lived here as early as 1644, was in Hemp
stead in 1647, when land was assigned to him
there. He settled in Newtown as early as
1655- Thomas Benedidl was a native of Notting
hamshire, England. He came early to South-
old, and settled in Hashamommuck on the
east side of the creek which derived its earli
est English name from his own. It was first
called Thomas Benedidl's creek, later Thomas's
creek, then Tom's creek, and now Mill creek.
The house in which he lived was not far from
the Sound. His five sons and four daughters
were born in Southold. He subsequently re
moved to Huntington, thence to Jamaica, Long
Island, and afterwards settled at Norwalk, Con
nedlicut. He was a prominent man in each of
these places. See the " Benedidl Genealogy,"
by his descendant, Henry M. Benedidl, Esq.,
of Albany, New York.
John Bayley was born in England in 161 7
and resided at Guilford in the jurisdidlion of
New Haven General Court in 1642. He came

52 history of southold.
to Southold in 1654; sold his dwelling and
home lot here in 1661, and removed to Jamaica,
Long Island, He was the first who signed
the petition to Gov, Nichols for permission to
plant Elizabeth, New Jersey, and the first man
named in the Indian deed for that place. He
was also the first of the four men to whom the
patent was granted by the Governor under the
Duke of York. He probably never removed
from Jamaica to Elizabeth. See the Rev. Dr.
Hatfield's History of Elizabeth.
William Cramer moved from Southold to
Elizabeth, New Jersey, and so did John Dick
erson, John Haines, William Johnson, Jeffrey
Jones, Evan Salisbury, Barnabas Wines, Jr.,
and Thomas Youngs, All these men were
among the early settlers of that place.
The descendants of many of these early set
tlers have been numerous, eminent and influ
ential. Not a few who trace their lineage to the
first pastor are professional men — clergymen,
physicians, lawyers, judges. One of his de
scendants was a Governor of the State of New
York, and was before his election known as Col,
John Youngs.
The "Wells Genealogy" shows the goodly

dickersons. 53
array of the posterity of the earliest Southold
lawyer, and Clerk and Recorder of the Town.
The " Horton Genealogy " is a monument
to the honor of Barnabas Horton, and a noble
record of thousands of his descendants.
Large families of Dickersons and Dickin
sons are descendants of Southold's Philemon
Dickerson. Mahlon Dickerson, Secretary of
the U. S. Navy, (who, during the autumn of
1 85 1, eredled in the cemetery of the First
Church of Southold a massive marble monu
ment to the memory of his ancestors) , and his
brother Philemon Dickerson, Governor of New
Jersey, as well as Daniel S, Dickinson, U. S.
Senator from the State of New York, sprang
from the Southold settler, who came to this
place by way of Salem and of Lynn, Massa
chusetts. The descendants of Deacon Barnabas Wines
include many eminent men, among them Gen.
Wines of New Jersey, prominent in Morris
County during the Revolutionary war, and the
Rev. Dr. Abijah Wines, a native of Southold,
who was born May 27, 1776; married a daugh
ter of the Hon. Benjamin Giles ; had two chil
dren and built his dwelling house on his farm
in Newport, New Hampshire, before he com-

54 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
menced his preparation for Dartmouth Col
lege, from which he was graduated in 1794,
and subsequently became the first Professor
of Systematic Theology in the Seminary now
at Bangor, Maine, To this family belongs also
the late Rev. Enoch Cobb Wines, D. D,, who
was born in Hanover, New Jersey, Feb, 17,
i8q6, and became so well known as College
Professor and College President, author of
many volumes, especially his " Commentaries
on the Laws of the Ancient Hebrews," a work
which is also known in later editions as "The
Hebrew Commonwealth ; " and whose labors
have become famous in all parts of Christen
dom as the foremost advocate of the age in
behalf of Prison Reformation.
The following is a letter from his graceful
and productive pen :
" Irvington, New York, 1
Nov. 5, 1866, I
" My Dear Brother Whitaker:
* * * * I was glad to hear
from you, for I have a very pleasant recollec
tion of our occasional interviews when a pas
tor at the East End," [That is, Easthampton,
L I,]
" I must own to the soft impeachment of
being of the Long Island stock of Wines, and

Wines. 55
I do not feel ashamed of my ancestry, We
are of Welsh descent, a good country to be re
lated to, I am glad you are engaged on so
worthy a work, and hope it may soon appear
from the press,
"I should love to visit you, and look upon
the original homestead of the Wineses, Let
me hear from you again.
"Truly and fraternally yours,
E, C. Wines.
"Rev. Epher Whitaker, Southold, L. I."
The descendants of Matthias Corwin are
very numerous and widely spread. " The Cor
win Genealogy" indicates the names and rela
tions of many worthy persons, among them
Thomas Corwin, Congressman, Governor of
Ohio, U. S. Senator, Secretary of the National
Treasury, U, S. Minister to Mexico. Both of
his grandparents were Southolders.
William H. Seward, Governor of the State
of New York, U. S. Senator, Secretary of State
of the United States during the war to sup
press the great Rebellion, was a descendant of
John Swezey of Southold. Hon. George W.
Seward, brother of the more eminent statesman ,
William H. Seward, and the father of Dr. Sew
ard, of Orange, New Jersey, and of the Rev,

56 history of southold.
S. S. Seward, of New York City, has recently
visited Southold in the interest of this relation
ship. Very many of the earliest comers to New
England, Long Island, and New Jersey were
a restless generation. They were rather ad
venturers and tradesmen than planters and set
tlers. But the most of the first generation of
Southold, and the most substantial part of the
people, came hither and settled here for Re
ligion. They freely placed themselves under
the New Haven Jurisdidlion. They were in
accord with the New Haven ideas and purpo
ses. What were the motives and aims of the
New Haven planters, their first pastor, the
Rev. John Davenport, has unfolded in a mas
terly manner. The Rev, Dr. Leonard Bacon,
the worthy pastor of the same Church, has
also faithfully set them forth in his " Histori
cal Discourses." A paragraph from his ser
mon on the close of the fortieth year of his
pastorate may properly be quoted here. Of
New Haven he says: "Historically, the Town
itself, as an organized community, is a daugh
ter of this Church. It was for the sake of
planting. here a church encumbered by no hu
man traditions, and dependent on no human

purpose of the settlers, 57
authority, that the founders of the New Haven
Colony left their homes in pleasant England,
and their trades and affairs in busy London,
and ventured their all in the enterprise of es
tablishing here a civil commonwealth of Chris
tian men, ' the Lord's free people ; ' and this is
the Church which they planted here before
their settlement had even received an English
name. It was for the sake of gaining for their
church a place and habitation, that all this
beautiful plain, with the surrounding hills and
waters, was purchased of the savages whom
they found here. It was for the sake of their
church that they planned this city, and reserv
ed this central square for public uses, first of
all building here their humble temple, and
then making their graves around it."
What is thus so worthily said of New Ha
ven is equally true of Southold. The first
church edifice was built in the central square
on the highest ground of the settlement, freely
purchased and sacredly reserved for publit
uses. The earliest graves were made around
this public building; and these things were
done by intelligent and pious men, who deem-
> ed religion their chief interest.
Easthampton, Long Island, in the begin-

58 history of southold.
ning of its history, chose to put itself under
the Government of Connedlicut rather than
unite with the Jurisdidlion of New Haven;
and Southampton submitted early to a revolu
tion, in order to exchange the New Haven
ideas and purposes for those of Connedlicut ;
and the pastor, the Rev. Abraham Pierson,
with a considerable number of the best of the
people, abandoned the place and settled Bran-
ford under the New Haven Jurisdidlion ; and
when this was merged in Connedlicut, they
removed from Branford and founded Newark,
New Jersey. But Southold effedlively resist
ed the attempt to accomplish such a trans
formation here, and successfully maintained
its original character.
It was planted mainly for Religion. This
purpose ruled the people of the settlement in
its early years as thoroughly as it controls the
people of the First Church of Southold to-day.
And if this congregation now has a right to
make its own rules, and to pursue its own re
ligious objects, according to its own wisdom
and choice, directed by the Word of God, then
the early settlers here, in their day, had even
a more unrestridled right to the same free
dom. They left their pleasant homes, and

their aim, religion. 59
their dear kindred, and all the advantages
which ages of civilization afforded them in the
country of their birth ; they crossed the ocean,
and plunged into the wilderness, and hid them
selves in its solitudes, and toiled and suffered
to subdue its savage wilderness ; they endur
ed all the unknown and the inevitable hard
ships of such an enterprise, for the sake of Re
ligion. They chose to level the forest and
plant the waste places on repulsive shores, in
order to worship and serve God according to
His word, and to promote the welfare and sal
vation of all those who were willing to share
their lot and were like-minded with themselves.
They did not seek to withhold nor desire to
withhold from those who were unlike-minded,
the enjoyments of the same liberty which
they claimed for themselves. The conti
nent was large. If men supremely desired
other objedls than the religion of the Bi
ble, they could seek those objedls elsewhere.
The wilderness "was all before them where to
choose." They had only to make a new plan
tation in the savage wild, as the Southold set
tlers had done. No man in this place desired
to interfere with them. But the people here
were not willing that others should come hith-

6o history of southold.
er and selfishly destroy the work for which
they themselves had crossed the ocean and
counted the cost and suffered the hardships of
planting in the wilderness a church and a com
monwealth according to the word of God. If
strangers did not wish to labor for religion,
and to live according to the Divine law and
the gracious gospel of Christ, they could go
elsewhere and dig up trees' roots, as the set
tlers of Southold were doing here. No man
would prevent them from planting a settle
ment according to their own mind. And it
was only the selfish and unjust who desired to
thwart the purposes and to seize the posses
sions of the Christian founders of this Church
and Town ; and it is only the selfish and un
just who now wish to asperse the name of the
early settlers, because they were disposed to
maintain the same freedom and rights which
they were perfedlly willing that all others
should enjoy, viz.: the liberty and the right to
plant in the wilderness among savages the
centres and settlements of a new civilization
according to their own minds and hearts, en
lightened by the word of God. It is not un
common in these days for a crowd of idlers,
thieves, vagabonds, rum-drinkers, and loose

interlopers. 6 1
women to swarm out of a steamer or a rail
road train on a pleasant Sabbath, and pour in
to a quiet village near one of our great cities,
and forthwith overrun the grounds and plun
der the gardens and orchards of the industrious
citizens, who have planted the orchards and cul
tivated the gardens for a far different purpose.
But the interlopers most violently resent and
resist any interference with their own doings.
They most stoutly insist, that no one has more
or better right to the fruits of the earth — the
common bounty of all-generous Nature — than
the children of Nature, even themselves, who
seek the supply of their wants and the grati
fication of their appetites in the most diredl and
simple way, by taking what comes to hand.
They have very little charity for the selfishness
and exclusiveness of the Puritans who seek to ,
retain the advantages for which they have toiled
and suffered. It is (these robbers say) quite
too late in the day — it is altogether behind the
age — for any men or company of men to un
dertake to retain for their own use the kindly
bounty of all-producing Nature, or to set up
claims for the sole and personal possession of
property which is fitted to promote the com
fort or gratification of mankind. On these
6

62 HISTORY -OF SOUTHOLD.
principles of loafers and rowdies and thieyqs,
and communists — on Prudhon's famous say
ing , La propriete, cest le vol, (property is rob
bery) — the early settlers of New Haven and
Southold, and other Puritan Plantations are
greatly blamed by the bigotry of base selfish
ness for their efforts to defend themselves in
the posession of the property and the privi
leges for which they suffered and toiled, and
which they made valuable and produdlive by
their own money, labor and hardships. For
their resolute efforts to retain their own, they
are charged with narrowness, selfishness, big
otry, sourness ; and with a disposition to claim
that the saints should rule the earth. The
early settlers of Southold did not make this
claim. Who ever did ? To charge this upon
them is a slander, no matter who makes the
charge. It is the fruit of malice, prejudice, or
ignorance, and, at this day, nearly equally
blameworthy from whichever source it comes.
It is like charging them with enadling and
maintaining "The Blue Laws of Connedli
cut " — a code which never had a real, legal ex
istence, nor any other origin than the mali
cious invention of the spiteful and disrepu
table Hugh Peters, The epithet "blue" was

slanderers. 63
applied to any one who in the reign of Charles
II. opposed the looseness, sensuality and vol
uptuousness of the times. Thus of one's re-
lig^n, it is said in Hudibras :
" 'T was Presbyterian true blue."
"That this epithet," says the New Ameri
can Cyclopedia, "should find its way to the
colonies was a matter of course. It was here
applied not only to persons, but to the cus
toms, institutions, and lavvs of the Puritans, by
those who wished to render the prevailing
system ridiculous. Hence, probably, a belief
with some that a distindl system of laws, known
as the Blue Laws, must somewhere have had a
local habitation. The existence of such a code
of Blue Laws is fully disproved. The only au
thority in its favor is Peters, who is notorious
ly untrustworthy. The traditions upon this
subjedl, from which Peters framed his stories,
undoubtedly arose from the fadl that the ear
ly settlers of New Haven were uncommonly
stridl in their application of ' the general rules
of righteousness.' "
What the people of New Haven, and of
Southold as a part of the New Haven Juris
didlion, did maintain, was, that they had the

64 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
right to hold and rule the settlement which
they had planted in the wilderness for the
sake of religion and liberty under God ; and
that it was their duty to resist every attempt
to rob them of their possessions — their bound-
en duty to thwart every design to hand them
and their plantation over to men from whose
tyranny and vices they had determined and
undertaken to escape by crossing the ocean
and planting their dwellings on unknown
shores; and by their own virtue, industry,
endurance of hardship, and devotion to Grod,
making the wilderness and the solitary places
glad for them, and -the desert to rejoice and
blossom as the rose. For the sake of the
freedom, and the virtue, and the piety taught
in God's word, they had crossed the sea, leav
ing behind them the homes of their kindred
and the graves of their fathers ; they had en
dured the rigors of an unwonted clime ; they
had toiled to change the savage face of the
landscape into fruitful fields ; they had suf
fered from storms and tempests in their lowly
hovels covered only with thatch ; they had
encountered the terrors of strange and wild
beasts, and the more unnatural wildness of
savage and bloody men; they had fallen in

THE fURJTANS. 65
sorrowful numbers under the power of unusual
and destrudlive diseases, without the remedies
and alleviations of the healing art, which are
desired in vain amid settlements planted in
the wilderness. And yet they are blamed,
and abused, and mocked, because they were
unwilling to give up the fruits of such toils
and hardships, and to hand over the govern
ment of their settlements to the same class of
corrupters and oppressors that had caused
them to brave such dangers and endure such
calamities, and to escape from whose domina
tion and wickedness they had crossed the
ocean, plunging into the wilds of America
in order to be free.
Faithful Christian Men ! The haters of lib
erty and of godliness oppressed you then ;
and the haters of religion, virtue and freedom
malign and revile you now. But the freedom
and prosperity which we enjoy to-day, you
won for us in those perilous and suffering
times ; and the land which we love smiles in
the light of the worth and piety which you
made possible, "That the English people
became Protestants is due to the Puritans."
This is the testimony of George Bancroft, our
great national historian; and with equal truth

66 HISTORY OF SOUTMOLD.
it may be said : That the United States be
came a free and independent nation is due
to the Puritans, They are, under God, the au
thors of those principles and virtues which have
conferred upon us our religious and civil liber
ty. It was in the third month of 1643, that the
Puritan Colonies of America formed their
Union and became the United Colonies of
New England. This third month they com
monly called May, for the year then began on
the twenty-fifth day of March ; and on the
19th of May, 1643, the United Colonies said :
" We all came into these parts of America
with one and the same end and aim, namely,
to advance the kingdom of our Lord Jesus
Christ, and to enjoy the liberties of the gospel
in purity and peace," — Bancroft, vol i, page
464, It was to make sure of religious and civil
freedom and purity that the New Haven Gen
eral Court for the Jurisdidlion, on the 27th of
Odlober, 1643, adopted this brief Constitu
tion as the fundamental law of the united
plantations :
"I, It was agreed and concluded, as a
fundamental order not to be disputed or ques
tioned hereafter, that none shall be admitted

THE FUNDAMENTAL ORDER, 67
to be free Burgesses in any of the Plantations
within this Jurisdidlion for the future, but such
Planters as are members of some or other of
the approved Churches in New England; nor
shall any but such free Burgesses have any
vote in any Eledlions (the six present freemen
at Milford enjoying the Liberty with the cau
tions agreed). Nor shall any power or trust
in the ordering of any Civil Affayres be at any
time put into the hands of any other than such
church members ; though as free Planters all
have right to their Inheritance and to com
merce, according to such Grants, Orders, and
Laws as shall be made concerning the same."
[For Articles II., III., IV,, and V,, see
Thompson's History of Long Island, and Lam
bert's History of New Haven. The last arti
cle is this :]
"VI. The Courts shall, with all care and
diligence, provide for the maintenance of the
purity of Religion, and suppress the contrary,
according to their best light from the Word of
God, and by the advice of the Elders and
Churches in the Jurisdidlion, so far as it might
concern the civill power. 2d. This Court
shall have power to make and repeal lawes,
and to require their execution while in force
in all the several plantations. 3d. To impose
an oath upon all the Magistrates, and to call
them to account for breach of the Lawes, and

68 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
to censure them according to offences ; to
settle and levie rates and contribution of the
Plantations for the public service, and to hear
and determine causes, whether civill or crim-
inall ; they to proceed according to the Scrip
tures, which is the rule of all righteous lawes
and sentences. Nothing shall pass as an act
without the consent of the majority of the
Magistrates and of the majority of the Depu
ties, In the Generall Court shall be and re
side the supreme power of the Jurisdidlion,"
The New Haven Jurisdidlion, with its sev
eral Plantations, continued under this Consti
tution until Gov. Winthrop, of Connedlicut,
through his own personal influence with
Charles II., obtained the royal charter which
merged the Jurisdidlion of New Haven in
the Government of Connedlicut, and extend
ed the boundaries of the latter so as to include
most of the territory of New Haven. The
officers and people of New Haven resisted
this union of the two governments for three
years, until the coming of royal commissioners
to determine boundaries caused the dwellers
in the western part of the New Haven terri
tory to fear that they might be placed under
the authority of the Duke of York ; and this
they deemed would be more intolerable than

BRANFORD, NEWARK. 69
the Government of Connedlicut. According
ly, in 1665, the opposition to the charter of
1662 generally ceased. But the Rev. Abra
ham Pierson and nearly all his congregation
at Branford could not endure even the Con
nedlicut Government, and, as we have seen,
they sought a settlement elsewhere, and soon
founded Newark, New Jersey. Dr. Sprague,
in the Annals of the American Pulpit, says of
Mr. Pierson : " He was anxious that the little
colony at Southampton [on its settlement]
should become connedled with New Haven,
as Southold had been [become] ; and was
dissatisfied with the agreement, in 1644, to
come under the jurisdidlion of Connecticut.
He therefore removed, in 1647, ^i^^ a small
part of his congregation, to Branford." " In
the contentions between the Jurisdidlions of
Connedlicut and New Haven from 1662 to
1665, Mr. Pierson took sides with Mr, Daven
port and others against the union ; and so
strong were his feelings on this subjedl that,
when the event took place, he resolved to re
move with his people from the colony. Ar
rangements were accordingly made, and on
the 30th of Odlober, 1666, he, with most of
his congregation and many prominent indi-

70 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
viduals from Guilford, New Haven and Mil-
ford, made and signed ' a plantation coven
ant ' for that purpose ; the first article of
which was ' that none should be admitted
freemen or free burgesses, but such planters
as are members of some or other of the Con
gregational churches, and that none but such
be chosen to magistracy, or to carry on any
part of civil judicature, or as deputies or
assistants, or to have power to vote in estab
lishing laws, making or repealing them, or
to any chief military trust or office.' To ac
complish their purpose, they removed the
next year to New Jersey and planted Newark.
The whole church, with its officers and rec
ords, abandoned their lands and homes, and
left Branford, as Trumbull says, ' almost
without an inhabitant.' " The Rev. Dr. J. F.
Stearns, in his " History of the First Church
of Newark," remarks, that they purposed " to
found a Church upon pure principles, and a
State, which, though separate inits jurisdidlion,
should act in perfect harmony with the Church,
and be governed in all its procedures by the
rules of God's Holy Word." As it was in
Southold, so it was in Newark in the begin
ning, and indeed, according to Dr. Stearns,

THE MAIN object. . 7 1
"during the first seventy years, the Town
transacted all the business of the Congrega
tion ; and the seventh minister, as were all his
predecessors, was called to his office and had
his salary fixed by a vote of the Town in the
Town-Meeting," See " First Church of New
ark," page 2, The Rev, John Davenport also
removed from New Haven, and became the
Pastor of the First Church of Boston, Massa
chusetts, But most of the people of the New
Haven Jurisdidlion, including those of South-
old, believed that their liberties would be safe
under the Connedlicut charter, and according
ly retained their lands and remained in the
homes which they had made for themselves
and their children.
There is need of a clear apprehension of
the main object of the early settlers of this
place. The history cannot be understood with
out it. They did not come here chiefly to
live in ease, nor to accumulate wealth, nor to
acquire fame, nor even mainly to lay the foun
dations of a civil state or a nation. Their
main object was Religion. They came here to
possess and enjoy, to pradlice and promote
the religion which they believed the word of
God required, They planted a Town here for

72 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
the sake of maintaining a church uncontrolled
by men who were unwilling to obey the law
of God, made known in his own word. They
made the Bible their chief code of laws, and
the foundation and standard of all their rules
of government and conduct; and they did
this, because the religion of the Bible was
their chief concern in this life. They did not
wish to admit into their fellowship any man
whose purposes, aims, manners, morals, or be
havior would not accord and harmonize with
the chief ends which they had in view. They
came here while their brethren of like mind
and faith, on the other side of the sea, were
writing the catechism whose first statement is
this, namely: "Man's chief end is to glorify
God and to enjoy Him forever."
They doubtless wished to serve Him in
peace and quietness, free from the conten
tions, oppressions and wars which were then
harrowing the souls and shedding the blood
of their fellow men in all western Europe,
For, at the very time of the settlement of
Southold, the martial forces of continental
Europe, from the remotest cape of Sweden
on the north, to the extreme limits of Spain
and Italy on the south, had already fought

EVENTS OF THE TIME. 73
through more than a score of years for and
against the religious freedom and civil rights
of the northern nations. These nations gain
ed this end after a conflict which made all the
western countries of Europe glow and blaze
with the heat of war throughout a generation,
and reduced the population of Germany from
forty millions to four millions. This struggle
of thirty years' continuance brought the Peace
of Westphalia and secured the freedom of the
Protestants precisely eight years and three
days after the organization of the Southold
Church. It was in 1640 that Brazil, with other Span
ish colonies, became a possession of the Neth
erlands, though it soon after fell into the
hands of the Portuguese. Spain could extend
her influence only within the limits of Italy ;
for there, under the popedom of Barberini,
the inhabitants, having dedicated St. Peter's,
now had to found the College De Propaganda
Fide. Furthermore, the Pope deemed it ne
cessary to punish Galileo for teaching the true
theory of the solar system ; and to condemn
Jansenism, in order to quiet the Jesuits. For
Jansen's " Dodlrine of Augustine" was printed
in 1640, and forthwith added intensity to a
7

74 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
controversy within the Papal Church which
centuries seem unable to end.
The founders of Southold had grown up
from their youth in a remarkable age — one
most adlive and progressive in science and
art, in war and statesmanship, in literature
and religion. The chief men among them
were beginning to show their beard when
Shakespeare died. And it was in their time
that Harvey discovered the circulation of the
blood ; Kepler, the wonderful relations of plan
etary motion ; Des Cartes, the laws of refrac
tion; Torricelli, the weight of the atmos
phere; and Pascal wrote the Provincial Let
ters and expounded the cycloid. Then it was
that Kircher invented the speaking trumpet ;
Gunter, his celebrated scale ; Guericke set up
his gigantic barometer. Then Holland's great
est writer became the champion of the free
commerce of the ocean, and set forth the
Rights of War and Peace, Then Sir Edward
Coke wrote his Institutes of the Laws of Eng
land; Chillingworth, his Religion of Protest
ants a Safe Way to Salvation; Ussher, his
Chronology; Bunyan, his Pilgrim's Progress;
and Milton, his Reformation in England, as
well as all that can be written for the Liberty

PROGRESS OF THE AGE. 75
of Unlicensed Printing. The founding of
Southold was, moreover, in the times of Bo-
chart and Selden, of Guido and Rubens, of Van
Dyke and Domenicheno; but not of these,
and such as these only ; for it was also the
times of Hampden and of Cromwell.
We sometimes boast of our own progress ;
but the last three hundred years have seen no
quarter of a century of greater relative ad
vancement than the years wherein the New
Haven towns were under the government of
the General Court for the Jurisdidlion. The
discoveries, inventions, and improvements,
then, were as remarkable, and as important to
the people, as those which we admire and
praise most highly at the present day.
In England, the people had gained posses
sion of those immense advantages which had
accrued from the marvelous transformation
produced by the publication and lawful use of
the Bible in their own tongue ; and then the
half century from 1638 to 1688 saw the great
uprising of liberty ; the long civil war ; the be
heading of the King, and the overthrow of
royalty ; the formation of the republican com
monwealth ; the abolition of the hierarchy ;
the supremacy of Presbyterianism first, and

76 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
then of Independency in the councils of Church
and State ; the prevailing fear of future insta
bility ; the restoration of monarchy ; the re-es
tablishment of prelacy ; the revival of popery ;
and the consequent and successful revolution
for the banishment of the papal power, and
for the security of civil and religious freedom
in England. Then English literature, advanc
ing from the immaturity and grossness of
Elizabeth's age, disclosed the great names of
Cowley and Milton, Jeremy Taylor and John
Bunyan, Lightfoot and Clarendon, Baxter and
Owen, Barrow and Tillotson, and that other
name, greater than any contemporary prelate's,
that is, John Howe. All these and more were
contemporaries of Southold's first Pastor.
And other influences were at work to affedl
the charadler of men who were most of all
open-eyed, spiritually minded, and fond of
liberty; (and such were the first settlers of
this place); for the country, of which the
British King was a native, had taken the Cov
enanter's Oath two years before Puritanism
struck its roots into the soil of the east end
of Long Island.
The age was full of enterprise. It was in
J 640 that Englishmen gained their first foot-

the spirit OF ADVENTURE, 77
hold in India; and within the lifetime of South-
old, Victoria's present Empire in the East has
grown from a few acres without inhabitants
to a magnitude so vast that the Empress of
India now reigns over one fifth of the whole
population of the globe. It is not always the
case, that
" Westward the course of empire takes its way."
For the English spirit of adventure seeks its
objedls in every diredlion ; and it has never
been greater or bolder than in the days of
Southold's early history, when the frailest
barks that ever sailed the ocean — crafts- of
forty or fifty tons only, (vessels that would
now be called small sloops) ; but manned by
the most daring mariners that ever drew a sail
or turned a rudder — flitted to and fro over the
waves of the Atlantic, like clouds across the
face of heaven, while larger vessels of the
same restless nation were in every commer
cial city and harbor of the world. Among
this energetic people, the spirit of discovery;
the desire of wealth ; the fascination of adven
ture; the social freedom of a new country;
and the conflidls of religious and political par
ties, were all adlive in sending traders and
adventurers, as well as religious reformers and

78 history of southold.
devotees of liberty, to this Western Continent.
England especially was a swarming hive ; and
the most industrious bees that gather honey
can also sting when they are improperly dis
turbed and hindered in their work. Tens of
thousands of these vigorous Englishmen had
already made their way across the ocean to
New England alone, before the meeting of the
Long Parliament, which convened a fortnight
after the Rev. John Youngs gathered his
Church anew in this place. It was a Parlia
ment which proved to be perhaps the most
influential political body that ever assembled
for legislation in Great Britain.

PERIOD OF THE MINISTRY OF THE
REV. JOHN YOUNGS— Continued.
1640 — 1672.

CHAPTER II.
It. was in these circumstances, and subjedl
to these influences, with the best motives, and
pure religion for their chief objedl, that the
first settlers of Southold laid the foundations
of their Church and Town upon the Word of
God. While they were establishing their relig
ious and political institutions, and guarding
their freedom in both their Church and com
monwealth with the utmost prudence, fore
sight and circumspedlion, they were also care
ful and busy in promoting their material in
terests. They had examined the soil under
their feet and the sky above their heads, and
chosen the site of their settlement with the
greatest knowledge and skill. Unlike the
planters of Southampton, they were not con-

82 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Strained to change their location at the end of
a few years. They placed the centre of their
plantation where it is in some measure shel
tered from the winds of the icy winter by the
high bluff" on the north of it, and where the
southern breezes of the summer come to it
not only from the more distant sea, without
its fogs, but also tempered by a succession of
salt water bays and streams. They planted
it where it is conveniently accessible from the
harbor putting up from the deep, broad and
beautiful Peconic Bay, and from the head of
the harbor they opened a road running near
ly north and rising gently to the slightly un
dulating plain, eminently suitable for their
purpose, at no great distance from the water
and extending from Peconic Bay to Long Is
land Sound. Then, at right angles with this
road, they laid out the main street of the vil
lage, running a few points south of west.
The first lot on the south side of the main
street became the minister's house-home lot ;
the one opposite, the lawyer's. The house-
home lots of the other settlers were along
each side of the street, wherever, it would
seem, each man's lot happened to fall. But
the allotment of land was no bar to the sale

PLAN OF THE VILLAGE. 83
or exchange of real property among them
selves. Such exchanges for convenience or
other causes were common. The street ran
almost in a right line about half a mile, and
then making an obtuse angle it continued di-
redlly south, some third of a mile, to the head
of a stream which puts up westerly from the
Town harbor ; but which, at this point, was fed
so freely by fresh springs as to afford sweet
and healthful drink for the cattle. At an ear
ly day, the street was extended eastward from
the harbor road ; and allotments of land for
tillage and of meadow for pasture in summer,
and supplies of hay for cattle in winter, were
made from time time to the freemen ; for the
people increased from year to year. In the
"Historical Sketch of Southold Town" by
Albertson Case, Esq., it is said: "Constant
accessions and additions of new settlers were
occurring in the years immediately following
the first settlement. Of these first years the
Town has no official record. There was a
book of records covering that time as appears
from the records still in existence, but no one
knows aught of it now.
" Liber A of our Town Records begins with
the date 1651, and quite naturally the record

84 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
of each man's home-lot and out lands is the
first subjedl embraced in the book. These
home-lots were • allotted among the settlers,
and most of them are described as contain
ing four acres more or less. Some of the
later allotments were subjedl to the condition
that the grantee should build upon them with
in three years,
"This is the way the record begins : 'Anno
Domini, 1651, Breefe records of all the in
habitants accommodations herein as follow-
eth videt Impris. The Reverend Mr. John
Yoyngs, Pastor of the Church of Christ in
Southold, aforesaid, his home-lot, with the
meadow thereunto adjoyninge, conteyning by
estimation seaven acres, more or less, bound
ed,' &c," This lot was on the southwest cor
ner where the road from the harbor joined the
main street. Just across the street and north
of the Pastor's was the house-home-lot of
William Wells, Esq. Barnabas Horton's lots
were on the northwest and northeast corners
of the main street and Horton's lane, where
Mr, David P, Horton and Ira Hull Tuthill,
Esq,, now live. The Southold Savings Bank
and the Post Office stand on the site of John
Budd's home-lot, now the property and resi-

EARLY HOME-LOTS. 85
dence of Jonathan W. Huntting, the Post
Master and Justice of the Peace of Southold.
Richard Benjamin lived on the south side of
the street immediately west of the church-lot
and burying-ground. He was the first sex
ton. Capt. John Underbill's home-lot was
north of the street and on the hill west of Mr.
David T. Conklin's present residence. The
home-lot of Thomas Mapes, who was a land-
surveyor, was the site of Mr, Gilder S, Conk
lin's present residence, and Barnabas Wines's
home-lot was on the opposite side of the street
near the present residence of Elder Edward
Huntting. Thomas Terry's was south of
Wines's, and Philemon Dickerson's lot was
where Elder Hiram J. Terry's residence now
stands. Mr. William Y. Fithian's residence is
on the original site of Thomas Moore's lot,
and Mr, Moore's son Benjamin bought the
land and probably the present Case House at
the corner of the main street and the north
road to Greenport, Henry Case's lot includ
ed the site of Mrs. Beulah Goldsmith's pres
ent residence. On Charles Glover's original
lot now stands the residence built by J. Wick
ham Case, Esq., at present owned and occu
pied by Col. Thomas Carroll, Register of
8

86 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Brooklyn, On the western branch of the
Town Creek, or Head of the Harbor, seems
to have lived Joseph Youngs, who was, like
Charles Glover, a mariner. The remains of
Glover's wharf were recently in existence ;
and Joseph Youngs also probably built one,
for he was a wealthy shipmaster. Before his
settlement in Southold, he had been adlive, as
the Master of the " Love," in conveying pas
sengers from England to America. He ob
tained lands at Salem, Massachusetts, in
1639; but he became one of the early settlers
of Southold. In his maritime and mercantile
business, he was in the next generation suc
ceeded by Col, Isaac Arnold, whose store
house was at the Head of the Harbor, He
was a ship owner ; was appointed by the Dutch
to be schout or sheriff" of the Five Eastern
Towns of Long Island in 1673, but speedily
resigned; was one of the patentees of the
Town in 1676; and from that time until 1703
a judge or justice of the peace, being the
Judge of the County from 1693 to 1706. He
was in 1691 appointed one of the Judges of
Jacob Leisler, the leader of the popular party
in New York city, who was condemned and
put to death there for adling as Governor of

COL. ARNOLD. 87
the Province after the Revolution in England
and the flight of King James II, Col, Arnold
was probably the earliest slave owner in
Southold. He died November 7, 1706.
Col. John Youngs was Col. Arnold's near
est neighbor. In the second generation of
this place he was the foremost man in South-
old, and no other man on Long Island was so
prominent. He was the eldest son of the
Rev. John Youngs, Minister of the Word and
first settler of Southold. Col. Youngs lived
in the house which he built on the land di-
redlly north of Col. Arnold. It is now owned
and occupied as his residence by Mr. Richard
L. Peters, who some twenty-five years since
took down the northern half of it, and made
some other changes, the better to adapt it to
the present mode of living; but the southern
half of this noble two-story double residence
stands very much as it was eredled more than
two hundred years ago. Col. Youngs was
born about 1623, and died on the 12th of
April, 1697. He early became the master of
a vessel, and was adlive in the hostilities
against the Dutch, and when he was thirty
years old he and his vessel were seized at
New Amsterdam (New York) . Having giv-

88 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
en bonds, he was discharged the next year,
and was appointed by the Commissioners of
the United Colonies of New England to
cruise with his vessel in the North Sea (Long
Island Sound) as a part of the naval force of
the Union. He was adlive in this service for
two years. He subsequently represented
Southold at diff"erent times in the General
Court of the New Haven Jurisdidlion, and
afterwards in the Legislature of the Connedl
icut Colony. He was specially sent to the
latter colony in 1663 to ask aid against the
Dutch. The next year he colledled and orga
nized a force of Southold militia to aid in the
capture of New Amsterdam (New York),
and the following year, 1665, the capture hav
ing been made, he was one of the representa
tives of Southold in the first Assembly at
Hempstead, under the Duke of York, when
the Duke's Laws were formally adopted for
the government of the Province of the Duke.
In 1666 he obtained from the Indians a new
deed for the territory of the Town, probably
including both larger grants and clearer de
marcations tban had been obtained in 1640.
In 1680 he became the Sheriff" of York
shire, which included all Long Island and

Coi.. vouNGs.. 89
Richmond and Westchester counties. Six
years later, he sold to John Youngs, Jr., the
beautiful property known as Calves Neck, ly
ing between the Head of the Harbor and
Dickerson's Creek, now the land owned and
occupied by Col. Thomas S. Lester, on which
the latter built his present residence. Col.
Yoyngs was, at the time that he made this sale,
a member of the Government Council of the
Province of New York under Governor Don-
gan, the most enlightened and far-seeing of
the Royal Governors of the Province. He
was a Member of the Government Council
nearly every year from 1683 to 1697.
He, as well as his nearest neighbor, Col.
Arnold, was appointed by Governor Slough-
ter one of the Judges for the trial of Jacob
Leisler. In 1693, when he was seventy years
of age, he was the Colonel of a militia regi
ment of nine companies, including five hun
dred and thirty-three men. A few months
before he died, he made his will, which was
proved in 1698, the year after he died at sev
enty-five years of age.
The home-lots of many of the early settlers
can now be indicated as we have seen ; but on
account of the loss of the earliest Records our

90 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
knowledge of the history from 1639 to 165 1
is fragmentary. After this date the Records
of the Town are more full and orderly. They
give the most vivid representation of the com
mon and faithful life of the Puritan Plantation.
They show, for instance, how, as the area of
cultivation increased, lands must be divided
by lot among the freemen and common own
ers ; how the meets and bounds of the divi
dends, or divided parts of the land, must be
recorded with their situation, east, west, north,
south, between whom and in what place ; how
they must be cleared and fenced in case the
timber should be cut ; how each man's trees
are legally protedled against the axe of every
other man ; and how lots and fields for culti
vation must be inclosed. For example :
"Januarie 5th 1657, The neck of land
called the calves neck lyinge on part of the
south side of the Towne shalbee layed out and
apportioned to every man his due proporcon
thereof by the first of March next ; and every
inhabitant takeing upp such proporcon, shall
cleere the same, as they usually doe theire
planting land, within a yeare after the laying
out thereof under penalty of forfeiture of the
same to the Townes use,"

Early laws, 91
Under date three months later is this record:
" March the last 1658. Itt was then agreed
upon at a meeting of the ffreemen that Thomas
Mapes shall lay out the Calves neck, every
man his proportion, as it shall fall by lott to
him, and for and in consideration of the same,
the said Thomas shall have his own share and
portion, next at the reere of his own lot."
The Records contain the laws determining
when woods may be fired to improve the pas
ture, and what privileges should be given for
building a mill on the point of Hallock's Neck,
near where Mr. Jonathan Barnes Terry built
and owns the present wharf and landing for
steamers. They show what kind of a ladder
each inhabitant must keep, to enable him
easily and rapidly to reach the top of his
thatch-covered house in case of fire; who
should be free from training, watching and
warding ; how the Recorder must keep a per
manent record of the levies and payments of
the Town ; how the Constable must be paid
for gathering Town and Minister's rates year
by year; and how respect for rank, wealth
and other considerations must control the ac
tion of the Committees appointed from time
to time to seat the Meeting House : that is.

92 Hl.STORV OF SOUTMOLD.
to assign to each person his seat in it accord
ing to rank, age, dignity, office, &c. — which
continued to be done as lately at least as
A. D. 1797. They also make known in what
kind of meetings of the freemen the constable,
seledlmen, and other officers were annually
eledled ; how any particular duties must be
performed by those to whomsoever the seledl
men should assign them ; how Sabbath-breach
must be fined seven and a half bits of nine
pence each ; swearing, one and a half bits — a
second offence, three shillings; and how at
length this sliding scale made one offender's
fine eight shillings; for the people of those
days, though not knowing how to exclude
evil entirely, yet well knew how to make vice
and crime pay taxes, and not press as a heavy
burden upon the shoulders of the virtuous.
It is one of the lost arts. The early Records
also disclose how slander was punished, and
how the place was kept free from the bodies
and odors of dead animals ; though I find no
law in relation to the removal of dead fish
from the surface of the ground.
The Records make it plain how the Town
street was maintained in good condition and
other highways kept in order; how proper

COW KEEPING, 93
regulations were made for the wharf which
John Youngs, mariner, was permitted to build
at the Head of the Harbor, near the present
residence of Mr, Francis Landon,
The following is a specimen of the local
legislation, as well as an illustration of the
record thereof:
"July 1659, It was then in like manner
ordered that from the publicacon hereof no
working cattle bee putt to foode on the com'ons
to disturbe the cowes, and for prevencon
thereof, they are to go under the hand of a
sufficient keeper, and in case any doe other
wise, they are thereby lyable to pay for one
ox so taken every tyme 12 d. The same to
continue until the'nd of Indean harvest, this
yeare and every other yeare hereafter from
the beginninge of cow keepinge till the'nd of
Indean harvest under the same penalty until
a pasture be provided to prevent the aforesaid
inconveniency." The Records show that on the 3d of April
1679 the Town voted a site for a wind mill to
Joshua Horton, Abraham Corey and Daniel
Terry, the mill to be at Pine Neck, upon the
hill [now the property of Mr. G. Wells Phillips]
over against Peter Dickerson's house [now

94 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
^e site of Elder Hiram J. Terry's dwelling].
That is, the mill was to stand where the wind
mill of Mr. Rene Villefeu stood when it burn
ed down, a few years since.
On the nth of March, 1667-8, there was
an adjustment of boundaries made with the
Town of Southampton, See Town Records,
Book A, page 135,
On the 13th of March, 1 670-1, John Budd
sold to Isaac Arnold one-eighth of the ketch
" Thomas and John " for forty-five pounds of
current pay, .Said ketch was on a voyage to
Barbadoes, The burden of the ship was rated
at forty-four tons. See Book A, page 143,
There were few men in Southold at that time
who severally had an estate worth as much as
this sloop of forfy-four tons burden. Two
years later, and probably at this date, the price
of merchandise or produce often used in barter
was in Southold as follows :
Barrel of pork ^03-10-00
Barrel of beef 02-05-00
Bushel of summer wheat 00-04-06
Bushel of pease 00-03-06
The Records show some curious transac
tions. For instance: May 15th, 167 1, Edward
Petty, son-in-law of the Minister, bequeathed

local STATUTES. 95
his son James, aged nine years, to Thomas
Moore, Senior, and his son Joseph, four years
of age, to Nathaniel Moore. Book A, page
146. The Town Records also make known what
laws were enadled for the preservation and
control of boats, canoes and skiffs, as well as
for pasturing cattle, sheep and goats ; re
straining hogs ; prohibiting the sale or gift of
dogs to Indians, and also rum and arms with
out an order from a magistrate and a full rec
ord of the whole transadlion. They also show
what premiums were paid for killing wolves,
foxes and other kind of " varment," and that
these premiums year by year made a conspic
uous figure in the financial estimates and ex
penses of the Town.
The; local enadlments on record also pre
scribe the way in which the ratables must be
presented to the proper officer by each inhab
itant, and payment be made within fourteen
days after the publication of the rate.
The laws of the place were evidently made
by and for a pious, virtuous, prudent, indus
trious and forehanded community. They stalte
how the Montauk Indians must be protedled>

96 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
and how trespassers with guns must have
their guns seized and forfeited.
These specimens give an idea of the local
legislation of the place while it was under the
New Haven Jurisdidlion from 1640 to 1662,
and while church members only were voters,
that is, while the Church which founded the
Town also governed it. The earliest eledlion
of Townsmen or Seledlmen of which I have
found a record, was made on the eleventh day
of December, 1656, At that time " William
Wells, Esq., Lieut. John Budd, Barnabas Hor
ton, William Furrier, and Matthias Corwin
were appointed to order Town affairs accord
ing to order in that case provided until the
appointed time for a new eledlion."
A few years later the number of the Seledl
men was enlarged so as to include the Con
stable and eight chosen men.
How carefully they guarded their religion
and their liberty and their morals may be
seen in this record, namely :
"Januarie 19th 1654. It was then ordered
and agreed that no inhabitant in Southold
shall lett or sett or sell wholly or in part any
of his accommodacons therein or within the
utmost bounds thereof to any person or per-

SELF-PROTECTION. 97
sons not being a legall townsman, without the
approbation of the fifreemen in a public meet
ing of theires, as also that the Towne have
the tender of the sale of house or land and a
full months space provided to return an an
swer." They thought the open and unoccupied
continent broad enough for the habitation of all
disturbers, without the intrusion of unwel
come men into the harmonious communion of
these faithful worshippers of the Lord Jesus
Christ. And who shall gainsay their right to
protedl their own freedom and prosperity in
the midst of the wilderness to which they had
come for the sake of pure religion and civil
liberty ? Happily, they knew their rights and
how to defend them, and so they soon made
the wilderness glad for themselves and for
their posterity, and the solitary place to show
its fruitfulness under the culture of a pious
and prosperous congregation.
The Highest Authority says, that "Man
shall not live by bread alone, but by every
word of God ;" but History shows that people
and nations, even in Christian lands, rise very
slowly and gradually to the standard of life
and condudl which God's Word requires.
9

98 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
There is not only the depressing power of
every man's evil heart ; but there are also the
hindrances of the old, unjust and perhaps
heathen prejudices, associations and institu
tions. Precedents and lisages and customs,
which have no foundation in righteousness
and godliness, often obstrudl tbe improve
ment of the people, and hinder the advance
ment of virtue and piety in human hearts and
human society. He is a benefadlor of man
kind who takes these impediments out of the
way, and opens a fair field for the progress of
men in knowledge, comfort, justice, and
heartiness in the worship of God and service
of humanity.
The early settlers of this place and their
associates made an immense step in this di
redlion when they determined that in all their
civil affairs, to which it was applicable, as well
as in their religious duties and worship, they
would be governed by the Word of God.
By making the Bible their rule of judica
ture, in preference to the English statutes, or
the Roman code, they gained the great advan
tage of a body of laws most excellent for
many other qualities, and especially for mild
ness and intelligibleness. They reduced cap-

ADVANTAGES OF THEIR CODE. 99
ital offences to less than twenty crimes. How
great the change is seen in this fadl, that even
so recently as the time when Sir Samuel
Romilly, about 1807, began his efforts to
ameliorate the criminal laws of England, these
laws made nearly three hundred offences pun
ishable with death; and no longer ago than
1785, the eminent moralist, William Paley,
thought it not unworthy to employ his ut
most genius and skill in apologizing for this
sanguinary barbarity.
Furthermore, their adoption of the Bible
for the rule of their condudl with each other
in their civil affairs, gave them many other
benefits besides this of diminishing the num
ber and the severity of punishments. For in
stance, it afforded the people generally a
knowledge of the more important laws. For
almost every man in Southold doubtless had
the Bible in his house, and read it, or heard
it read, every day ; but it is not likely that
more than one of the early planters here had
a trustworthy knowledge of the statute laws
of England. They might, while living under
these statutes, commit any one of a hundred
capital offences without knowing that it was
such a crime; but with the Bible in their

lOo History of southold.
hands, and heads and hearts, they were not
likely to be guilty of idolatry, witchcraft,
blasphemy, murder, beastiality, sodomy, adul
tery, incest, rape, man-stealing, false witness
in a capital case, treason, incorrigible dis
obedience to parents, incorrigible burglary or
theft, and high-handed and presumptuous pro
fanation of the Sabbath. Most certainly they
were not likely to commit these offences
through ignorance of their evil charadler; yet
it seems that these fifteen adls of wickedness
and vice are the only offences which the laws
of the Bible ever regarded as capital crimes.
What a contrast between the Bible's fifteen
and the English statutes' three hundred !
How carefully these Puritan Christians
guarded the rights and promoted the welfare
of men may be seen in what may be called
the Bill of Rights, which they adopted for the
protedlion of every man within the bounds
of the Jurisdidlion. This law declares, that
" No man's life shall be taken away, no man's
honor or good name shall be stained, no man's
person shall be imprisoned, banished, or other
wise punished, no man shall be deprived of
his wife or children, no man's goods or estate
shall be taken from him under color of law or

EDUCATION. lOI
countenance of authority, unless it be by vir
tue or equity of some express law of this jur
isdidlion, established by the General Court,
and sufficiently published, or for want of a
law in any particular case, by the word of
God. No man shall be put to death, for any
offence, without the testimony of two wit
nesses at least, or that which is equivalent
thereto." Public Education is one of three or four
main interests of the people which will prob
ably decide the next Presidential eledlion in
the United States, and affedl the history of
the whole country for good or evil during
many years to come. On this subjedl, we
may all go to school to the first planters of
Southold and their associates, and learn from
them some wise and Christian lessons to
guide our condudl in these days. Their lib
eral and enlightened charadler is held forth in
the fadl, that all parents and masters were re
quired to improve such means "that all their
children and apprentices, as they grow capa
ble, might through God's blessing attain at
least so much as to be able duly to read the
Scriptures, and other good and profitable print
ed books in the English tongue, being their

102 HISTORY OF SoUTHOLD,
native language ; and, in some competent
measure, to understand the main grounds and
principles of Christian Religion necessary to
salvation ; and to give a due answer to such
plain and ordinary questions as might, by
proper persons, be propounded concerning
the same," If parents and masters failed to
do this, their children and apprentices were
taken from them and committed to persons
who would be faithful to the parents' or the
masters' trust, as we do now in the case of lit
tle negledled vagrants, and in the case of chil
dren whose parents put them prematurely or
excessively into fadlories to perform unhealthy
tasks. Furthermore, the founders of this place urge
their posterity to the performance of duty by
their zeal and labor for the higher and spirit
ual welfare and education of the people. They
had a law to this effedl : The word of God, as
it is contained in the Holy Scriptures, is a
pure and precious light, by God in his free
and rich grace given to his people, to guide
and diredl them in safe paths to everlasting
peace. The preaching of the same in a way
of due exposition and application, by such as
God doth furnish and send, is, through the

SCRIPTURAL WORSitlP. IO3
presence and power of the Holy Ghost, the
chief ordinary means appointed of God for
conversion, edification and salvation. None
shall behave himself contemptuously toward
the word preached, or any minister thereof,
called and faithfully dispensing the same, in
any congregation. Every person, according
to the mind of God, shall duly resort and at
tend thereunto upon the Lord's days, at least,
and also upon days of public fasting and
thanksgiving. Provision was also made for the organiza
tion of additional churches wherever needful,
and also that the ordinances of Christ might
be upheld, and a due maintenance of the min
istry continued, according to the rule : " Let
him that is taught in the word communicate
unto him that teacheth in all good things."
Should this fail to be done in a free way with
out rating, then every inhabitant must be as
sessed according to his visible estate, with due
moderation, and in equal proportion with his
neighbors. Under this law an interesting case arose in
the early history of the Town, On the 6th of
October, 1657, the Court of Plymouth, New
England, banished Humphrey Norton, He

t04 MISTORV OF SOUTHOLD.
came hither ; but on account of his gross mis-
condudl in Southold he was soon after sent
away from this place to New Haven, His
trial commenced there on the loth of March,
1657, old style — 1658 new style.
The charges preferred against him were :
I, That he hath grievously and in manifold
wise traduced, slandered and reproached Mr.
Youngs, Pastor of the Church at Southold, in
his good name and the honor due to him for
his work's sake, together with his ministry
and all our ministers and ordinances,
2, That he hath endeavored to seduce the
people from their due attendance upon the
ministry and the sound dodlrines of our re
ligion settled in this colony.
3, That he hath endeavored to spread sun
dry heretical opinions ; and that [too] under
expressions which hold forth some degree of
blasphemy, and to corrupt the minds of the
people therein.
4, That he hath endeavored to vilify or
nullify the just authority of the magistracy
and government here settled,
5, That in all these miscarriages he hath
endeavored to disturb the peace of this juris
didlion. On these charges, he was tried and found
guilty ; sentenced to pay ten pounds ; to be

Records required, 105
otherwise punished ; and excluded from the
Jurisdidlion, The founders of Southold were far in ad
vance of their age in respedl to public records.
At the present time, soldiers and sailors only
can make noncupative wills. The sale of
real estate cannot be made without a written
deed and a record of that deed in the proper
office. The sale of a large amount of per
sonal property cannot be made without a writ
ten agreement, or the delivery of the goods
by the seller to the buyer in whole or in part.
But there was no requirement of this kind in
England when Southold was settled. Real
estate could be sold there, and any man could
make his will, without a scrap of writing, as '
lately as the reign of Charles II. It is there
fore remarkable that the Jurisdidlion to which
Southold freely joined itself and firmly ad
hered, required every bargain, sale, grant,
conveyance, mortgage of any house, land,
rent, or other hereditament, to be acknow
ledged before some court or magistrate, and
recorded by the proper officer in a book kept
for the purpose. We should moreover be
grateful, that it was also ordered, that every
birth, marriage and death should be recorded

lo6 history of SOUTHOLD.
within a month after the event; and every
man had liberty to record, in the public reg
ister of any court, any testimony given upon
oath in the same court, or before two magis
trates, or any deed or evidence legally con
firmed, there to remain in perpetuam rei
memoriam. Every inhabitant had liberty to
search and view any such public records or
registers, and to have a copy thereof, attested
by the proper officer, on paying the due fee.
It was also a law that every trial or legal pro
ceeding should be briefly and distindlly re
corded, the better to prevent after mistakes
and other inconveniences.
The Christian men who came hither into
the wilderness for Religion, had no mean and
narrow views of the nature and requirements
of religion. It was, for example, a part of
their religion to make a better distribution of
property among heirs at law than had been
previously made. When a man died without
a will, they gave at least one-third of his es
tate to his widow, if he left one, and two-
thirds, at most, to the children, the eldest son
taking a double portion, unless otherwise or
dered by the court. When the heirs were a
widow and one child, each took a third, and

DEALINGS WITH INDIANS. 107
the Other third was divided between them in
whatever parts the court deemed best. But
the scriptural causes for divorce were allowed.
The laws in respedl to the neighboring
heathen show a kindly and generous Christian
disposition ; and this, too, though the pres
ence of the savages was a great inconvenience
in many ways. No private person was allow
ed to purchase or truck any land of any Indian
on the Island. The people in common paid
the Indians for every acre of land which they
occupied, and all private dealing with the red
men in real estate was stridlly forbidden. No
one could sell implements of war to them with
out an order of court for a certain quantity
at a specific time and on plain terms ; and a
full record of every such trade, with all the
particulars, must be made by the magistrate
who gave the leave to trade. If any one took
a pawn or pledge of any Indian, as security
for anything sold or lent, he could not sell
the pawn without the consent of the Indian or
an order of the court. In all dealings with
the heathen, intoxicating drinks were put on
the same footing with weapons of war. The
fathers knew that rum was the leader in riot,
robbery, revenge and murder.

I08 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
But all their prudence and precautions did
not save them from the expense of much time
and money, in order to defend themselves, es
pecially in times of national war between
Dutch and English. They found it needful
to require every man from sixteen to sixty
years of age to have a good serviceable gun,
always kept fit in every way for use, with all
the needful accoutrements, including a good
sword and plenty of ammunition. It was the
duty of the chief military officer of the Town
to see that every man was well furnished with
arms, and that every man trained at least six
days each year. One fourth of the whole
number were required to attend public wor
ship fully armed every Lord's Day; and such
as could come, on Ledlure Days ; to be at the
meeting house at latest before the second
drum had left beating, with their arms com
plete, their guns ready charged, their match
for their match-lock guns, and flints ready fit
ted to their fire-lock guns, with shot and pow
der for at least five shots, beside the charge
in their guns. The sentinel also, and they
that walk the round, were required to have
their matches lighted during the time of the
public worship, if their guns were to be fired

HONOR DUE TO PARENTS. IO9
with matches and not with flint locks. Dur
ing the religious service in the church building,
their guns were placed in racks standing near
the door. One of these racks, used here two
hundred years since, has been presented to
the Long Island Historical Society, and may
be seen among its choicest antiquarian pos
sessions. It was under these and other heavy burdens,
that the fathers worshipped here. It was not
without faith, and fortitude, and prayer, and
peril, that they prepared this place for our
comfort and enjoyment. But there are some
children who care very little for their parents'
toils in their behalf, or even for their parents
themselves. They are only eager to please
and gratify their own selfishness with what
their parents have earned and given them.
But such meanness and baseness will be far
from every noble soul ; and honor should be
given to the fathers, that the land which they
made produdlive and attradlive, and fruitful
for the sustenance and delight of their poster
ity, may remain to support and bless their
children for ever. If we reproach those who
are ungrateful and negligent towards their
natural parents, how much more should we
10

I lO HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
reproach ourselves unless we show gratitude
and honor towards our spiritual ancestors !
The holiest motives had impelled them to
flee from oppression, and to acquire liberty
and purity of religion for themselves and their
children, no matter at what cost of hardships
and suffering, nor how carefully they must
guard the boon. For the sake of so great a
good, they were determined to be unceasingly
vigilant, and to close every avenue whereby
their foes might enter and gain a foothold
among them. That their precautions and
watchfulness were judicious, and even neces
sary, is all too evident. Here are, for instance,
the Private Instructions which Charles II.
gave, on the 23d of April, 1664, to Nichols,
Carr, Cartwright, and Maverick, Commission
ers to subdue the Dutch, to establish bounda
ries, and to transadl other important matters
in America, Among other equally detestable
things, the king says: "Nobody can doubt
but that we could look upon it as the great
est blessing God Almighty can confer upon
us in this world that He would reduce all our
subjedls in all our dominions to one faith and
one way of worship with us,"
This statement of the monarch accords with

CHARLES ii. in
the general charadler of this voluptuous king.
For, " Sworn to maintain Protestantism, he
signed a secret treaty at Dover by which he
pledged himself to make public profession of
the Roman Catholic religion," and when he
was almost in the article of death, he declared
himself a Roman Catholic, and received ex
treme undlion, and the last rites of the papal
church, at the hands of a proscribed priest,
who was introduced by a secret passage, in
disguise, into the king's bed-chamber. See
New American Cyclopedia, Vol. 4, p. 729.
His desire to make all his subjedls fully con
form to his own faith and worship also accords
with the St. Bartholomew's fraud and infamy
twenty months previous to his sending the
Commissioners, and many other adls of op
pression at the time, whereby the people were
deprived of the services of thousands of the
best and purest Christian Ministers, who were
compelled to leave their homes and churches,
because they could not with good conscience
obey the new and wicked laws. The King,
through his Secretary of State, in his Private
Instrudlions to the Commissioners, speaks of
the Puritans in the New World as " persons
who separated themselves from their own

112 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
country, and the religion established, princi
pally (if not only) that they might enjoy an
other way of worship, presented or declared
unto them by their own consciences." See
Brodhead's New York Documents, Vol. 3,
P- 59-
To the same class of conscientious and faith
ful ministers, the Rev. John Youngs undoubt
edly belonged. He came here to minister
the word of God free from the control of un
godly and despotic men, and to enjoy with
devout Christians of the same faith the liberty
of the gospel in purity and peace. He and
his people did not come without a purpose
into a country whose only inhabitants were a
few wild and roaming savages. They did
not come into such a country with the inten
tion of oppressing, injuring, or even disturb
ing any human being. They came to find a
shelter from wrong, and to provide a peaceful
home for those who were like-minded with
themselves. To Mr. Youngs, as the leader
of the advance guard, his home-lot was as
signed near the centre of the Town, and con
venient to the church edifice, which was built
in the central square and on the highest
ground of the settlement, as well as near the

FIRST pastor's death. H^
homes of the principal citizens. His posses
sions were ample, in comparison with those of
his neighbors and parishioners. His name^
as we have seen, with the description of his
real estate, is entered first of all in the Rec
ords of the Town,
Shortly before his death, he conveyed most
of his lands to his children. His library at
the time of his death was nearly half as valu
able as all his household furniture, and one
sixth as valuable as his dwelling house and
lands. He died February 24, 1672, of the new
style. It would seem that his venerable friend,
the good Barnabas Horton, and the saintly
Deacon Barnabas Wines, as well as his well
beloved wife, Mary, and we may suppose
some or all of his children, were with him at
or near his death. One faithful friend, his
nearest neighbor for thirty previous years,
William Wells, Esq,, the Sheriff of Suffolk
county, could not be present, though he had
long held his Pastor in high regard, as the
beautiful Records which he has left us most
thoroughly attest, Mr, Wells departed this
life three months and eleven -days before the
minister died. What a void was made in

114 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Southold by the death of these two men in
the same winter! Death has never made
here, in so brief a time as one winter, another
bereavement relatively so great.
The first Pastor's grave was made near the
church edifice, and on the sunny side of it.
The wall which surrounds the grave is sub
stantial, and supports a massive horizontal
slab, which bears the following inscription :
m" iohn yongs minister, of the word and first setler
OF the CHVRCH of CHRIST IN SOVTH HOVLD ON LONG ISLAND
DECEASED THE 24 OF FEBRVARY IN THE YEARE
OF OVR LORD 167^ AND OF HIS AGE "] \
HERE LIES THE MAN WHOSE DOCTRINE LIFE WELL KNOWEN
DID SHEW HE SOVGHT GRISTS HONOVR NOT HIS OWEN
IN WEAKNES SOWN IN POWER RAISD SHALL BE
BY CHRIST FROM DEATH TO LIFE ETERNALLY

FIRST PASTOR S E.STATE. I 1 5
The following copy of legal papers presents
a pidlure of the early times in Southold :
"The Inventory of pastr Youngs estate.
In wooden ware & 2 old bedsteads, ) £. s. d,
& old cheist & 3 chayers 2 tables > 02-00-00
& a forme & boute & tray J
2 kettles 2 potts hake & pot hook 03-00-00
in peuter 02-00-00
2 old beds & boulsters blankets
one rugg & curtins & valancings 04-00-00
lyning & sheets & pillobans 02-10-00
5 oxen & one tame steire & one cow
& 2 of 2 year old, and one half ^
steere of one yearling 27-10-00
one horse 03-00-00
24 sheepe 12-00-00
3 small swine 02-00-00
3 chaines plow yrons & cart yrons 04-00-00
house and land 30-00-00
old books by Mr. Hubard prised at 05-00-00

£ 97-00-00
Barnabas Winds
John Curwin
Joshua Horton
Jacob Core
A true copy pr me Henry Pierson, Clark."
"At a Court of Sessions held in Southold
for ye East riding of Yorkshire on Long Is
land by his Maj'ties authority in ye eight &
twenty yeare of ye reign of our sovereign

1 1 6 SlSTOfeY OF SOUTHOLD,
Lord Charles ye second by ye grace of God
of great Brittaine France & Ireland King De
fender of ye faith &c & in ye yeare of our
Lord God 1675. Whereas an Inventory of
the eff"edls of Mr. John Yongs past : of the
Church of Christ at Southold deceased was
presented to ye Court as also affidavit was
made by Mr. Barnabas Wines & Mr. Barna
bas Horton, makeing faith yt ye sd Mr. John
Yongs at or nere his death left all his estate
to ye sole dispose of his wife Mris Mary
Yongs also shee makeing sute to ye Court
for power to administer of ye sd estate, &
having put in sufficient standing security to
ye Court according to law, in yt behalf : These
are to certifie all whome it may concerne, yt
ye sd Mris Mary Yongs, weidow & relidl of
him ye sd Mr. John Yongs deceased is by ye
sd Court admited & confirmed to all intents
& purposes Administratrix of all & singular
¦ye goods & chatties & whatsoever estate or
Invent he ye sd Mr. John Yongs died seased
off", or any maner of way, rightly appertaineing
to him & ye sd Mris Mary Yongs hath hereby
full power as administratrix to despose of ye sd
estate or any p'rcill therof, as shee hath occa-
tion and ye laws of this Government alloweth.
In ye name & by order of ye Court pr me
Henry Person Clark of ye Session of ye
East riding.
The Rev. John Youngs had six children by

FIRST pastor S CHILDREN. 1 1 7
his first wife Anne, whose names have already
been given, namely John, Thomas, Anne,
Rachel, Mary, and Joseph. These were born
in England. He subsequently married a sec
ond wife, Mary, who was probably a widow
when he married her. She survived him,
and became by his desire the sole administra
trix of his estate, as we have the legal records
to attest. Besides the six elder children, he
had a son Benjamin, who was the eldest by
his second wife, perhaps a son Samuel, and
certainly a son Christopher, his youngest son.
The Rev. John Youngs was undoubtedly a
student and teacher of the Pauline type of
theology, though he seems to have been
closely allied in disposition to that disciple
whose name he bore, and whom our Lord
specially loved. The first Southold Pastor, in
common with many Ministers and other
Christians of his age, in New England and else
where, greatly felt the influence of an able
writer of the previous generation, the Rev.
William Perkins, who "wrote in a much bet
ter style than was usual in his time," so that
his writings were soon translated into German,
Dutch, French, Spanish, Italian and Latin,
Our first Pastor owned and used the copy of

Il8 HISTORY OF SOUTrtOLb,
Perkins's Works which was conveyed by a
citizen of this place to Mr, Thomas R. Trow
bridge, of New Haven, and presented by this
gentleman to the New Haven Colony Histor
ical Society, for preservation among its treas
ures. It was printed in London, by the print
er to the University of Cambridge, in 1616,
eleven years after the author's death. There
is a declaration in the Records of the First
Church of Southold, made in the earlier half of
its history, that this church had been " Calvin-
istical time out of mind," This was the sys
tem of Perkins, and doubtless it was this system
that our first Pastor taught, and herein he has
been followed by all his successors in the pas
toral care of the First Church.
A few feet north of the grave of the first
Pastor is that of his eldest and most eminent
son. Col. John Youngs, and immediately
south of it is that of his grandson Benjamin,
who was for many years one of the most
prominent citizens of the Town,
Several yards westward are the graves of
two others of the earliest and most intelligent,
eminent and wealthy settlers, namely : William
Wells, Esq,, and Mr, Barnabas Horton, each
marked by a massive horizontal tomb-stone.

TOMB OF WILLIAM WELLS. 1 2 1
For the use of the engraving of the tomb
stone of William Wells, Esq., the most grate
ful acknowlegments are due- to the Rev.
Charles Wells Hayes, Redlor of Saint Peter's
Church, Westfield, New York, and to his
brother, Mr. Robert P. Hayes, of Buffalo,
Auditor of the U. S. Express Company, these
gentlemen being the owners of the copyright
of the splendid volume by the former, entitled
" William Wells of Southold and his Descend
ants." The accomplished author of this beau
tiful and richly illustrated Genealogy says,
page 31:
" In the old Burial Ground of Southold, near
the edifice (Presbyterian) which occupies the site
of the first meeting house, and not more than ten
or twelve yards from the west end of the Ceme
tery, is the tomb of William Wells, a substantial
stru6lure of brick and covered with cement, and
now (1876) after the lapse of two centuries, in
perfeft preservation, thanks to the reverent care
of his descendant in the sixth generation, the late
William H. Wells, of Southold. The top of the
tomb is a single slab of dark-brown stone, five
feet by two and a half, and four or five inches in
thickness, completely filled by the curious inscrip
tion, a fac-simile of which is here given, photo
graphed from the rubbing taken by me 0£l. 13,
1875." tl

122 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Barnabas Horton was often a member of the
General Court for the Jurisdidlion- — the Legis
lature of the Colony. His tomb-stone of blue
slate was imported from Mouseley, Leicester
shire, England, the place of his birth. Mr.
Theodore K. Horton, of Brooklyn, when he
visited Mouseley, was much interested to find
the tomb-stones in the cemetery there made
of the same blue slate that marks the grave
and attests the godly charadler of his first an
cestor in America. Near the graves of Wells
arid Horton is the broad and heavy horizontal
tomb-stone of John Conklyne, and not far
away stands a large marble monument which
was set up in the autumn of 185 1 by the Hon.
Mahlon Dickerson, of New Jersey, Secretary
of the Navy in President Jackson's Cabinet, to
commemorate Peter Dickerson and his sons, of
Southold, from whom have descended not only
Mahlon and his brother Philemon Dickerson, '
Governor of the State of New Jersey, but
also the Hon. Daniel S. Dickinson, United
States Senator from New York, as well as oth
er conspicuous citizens of our country bearing
the name of Dickerson or Dickinson.
The Clevelands came later. See " Geneal
ogy of Benjamin Cleveland, Chicago, 1879,"

The cemetery. 123
The original cemetery here might well be.
called God's acre, for it contained about one
acre of land and was devoted to the holiest
purposes. It was the site of the Meeting
House for public worship, as well as the hal-'
lowed place for the burial of the dead. Used
by men whose chief objedl was religion, the
Meeting House and the place of burial were
not desecrated by their use for any of the
more common and inferior purposes of the
people. The cemetery, with the church edi^
fice near its northeast corner, was the centre
of the village, as well as the highest ground in
the settlement. It was on the south side of
the main street. There was formerly a street
south of the burying ground, or central square,
which was early devoted to the public uses of
worship and burial. This original public
grave yard is now the northwest corner of the
present Church cemetery, which has been en
larged from time to time until it now includes
some eight acres, about five acres having been
added within the last thirty years.
Near the northeast corner of this acre the
first settlers built the first church edifice.
The site is now marked by a locust post
standing in a depression of the soil two or

124 history of SOUTHOLD.
three feet deep. This depression indicates
the place of a subterranean cell which was
made when the edifice was converted into a
prison, in 1684. This conspicuous indication
in the very surface of the ground pointing out
the site of the first Meeting House, and of
the County Prison that once stood in this
place, and in use here for many years, has
lost half its depth within a score of years, and
is likely to disappear entirely at no distant
day. It is not known that any description of the
first Church edifice is in existence. Possibly
it was built of logs, hewn and squared ; but
most probably it was a frame strudlure with
windows of leaden sash and diamond glass, or
merely wooden shutters without any glass in
the windows. In connedlion with the second
edifice, there is mention in the Town Records
of " cedar windows," which intimates that the
sash of the first Meeting House was made of
lead, if it contained any sash and glass at all.
The first house must have been a substantial
building. It was the place for all public meet
ings of every kind which Puritan Christians
desired to hold in order to promote the gen
eral welfare, safety, comfort and prosperity of

the old GRAVE-YARD. 125
the Town. All the interests of the people for
time and for eternity, for earth and heaven,
wefe faithfully considered in it; for it was
both their temple of worship and their tower
of defence. Their relations and duties to
their Maker, Redeemer, and Comforter, as
well as to their fellow men, were considered
and determined in this place of divine worship
and of public deliberation. It stood on the
ground that was consecrated by no words of
priestly benedidlion, but by the tender burial
of the dead and the hopes of the Christian resur-
redlion, in the confident expedlation that what
was sown in weakness would be raised in power ;
that the mortal would in due season be immor
tal ; and in every year, from that first year of the
fathers, when the first grave was opened to re
ceive the first seed for the illimitable harvest, the .
precious sowing has continued until the pres
ent year of grace. Here, around the spot
where the subduers of the wilderness lifted up
their prayers and praises together unto God,
now rest the old and the young, the gentle
and the strong, waiting for that day when all
that are in the graves shall hear the voice of
the Son of God, as He has most impressively
said, "and shall come forth; they that have

126 history of southold.
done good, unto the resurredlion of life ; and
they that have done evil, unto the resurredlion
of damnation."
The congregations that worshipped in that
Meeting House have passed beyond our sight
and observation ; but our indebtedness to
them for their example of courage, patience,
endurance, self-denial, faithfulness, and Christ
ian devotion has not ceased. They commend
to us the religion for the sake of which they
became pilgrims and exiles from the land of
their birth and the graves of their fathers
while they sought here an abode where they
could enjoy the gospel in purity and peace ;
and while they sought, beyond their chosen
place on earth, a better country where they
could enjoy perfedlion and blessedness for
ever more. They rest from their labors, and
their works do follow them. Their posterity
may well emulate their virtues in faith and de
votion to the honor of God and to the welfare
of mankind ; and in due season join them in
that better country to which they travelled —
the land of immortal beauty and eternal fruit-
fulness.

PERIOD OF THE MINISTRY OF THE
REV. JOHN YOUNGS— Continued.
1640 — 1672.

CHAPTER III,
Among the calamities and distresses which
fell to the lot of the upright man of Ur, he ex
perienced the miseries of changes and war.
These deprived him of his sons and despoiled
him of his wealth. They turned into foes the
very members of his own household.
The changes and war which spring from a
restless, unjust and unstable government, are
among the worst evils which the church has
to meet and suffer in this world, while she is
• compelled to make her way, and, through the
divine strength, to push forward her benign
work, in her militant state. The First Church
of Southold experienced the trials and hard
ships of changes and war while she was laying
the foundations of the subsequent history of
this Church and Town.

t30 History of southold.
We shall better appreciate the advantages
conferred upon us by the zeal, deyotion, piety
and hardships of our fathers, and by the favor
of our God in protedling them, and permitting
us to possess the inheritance which they pre
pared for us, if we properly understand those
changes and wars which caused them so much
uneasiness, discomfort, trouble and suffering
in the early years of our history. We shall
see reasons for gratefulness -in their condudl,
and find motives, in their supreme regard
for religion, to increase our love for God's
word, and our obedience to his law,- and our
devotion in his worship.
The planters of Southold were permitted to
retain their union with the New Haven Juris
didlion for twenty-two years. Then Gov,
Winthrop obtained for Connedlicut the royal
charter which Charles II. granted on the 30th
of April, 1662, Tills charter extended the
government of Connedlicut over the territory
of the New Haven Jurisdidlion, including
Southold. It guaranteed to the colonists the
rights of English citizens ; authorized the
General Assembly eledled by the people to
make laws, to organize courts, to appoint all
necessary officers for the public good, regu-

southold under CONNECTICUT. I3I
late military aff'airs, provide for the public de
fence, and control other public interests. Its
charadler was so general, and it conferred
such ample powers, that no change was nec
essary when Connedlicut became, in 1776, in
dependent of Great Britain and subjedl to the
United States ; and so the same charter con
tinued without amendment as the constitution
of the State until 18 18.
The people of Southold judged that their
religious and civil liberty would be safe under
its protedlion. They accordingly recognized
the authority of the government of Connedli
cut, which claimed Long Island as one of the
" adjacent islands " mentioned in the charter.
IJnder this claim, on the 12th of May, 1664,
Connedlicut appointed a committee, includ
ing the Governor and Captain John Youngs
of Southold, to settle the English plantations
on the Island, according to the instrudlion
given them ; and ordered them "to do their
endeavors so to settle matters, that the people
may be both civilly, peaceably and religiously
governed in the English plantations, so as
they may win the heathen to the knowledge
of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ by their
sober and religious conversation,"

132 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
This Committee were adlive on the Island
in June 1664, and did something to accomplish
their purposes.
But in August of this year. Col. Richard
Nicholls came with a naval force and took
possession of New York, including Long Is
land, according to a patent which Charles II.
had given, on the 12th of March, 1664, to his
brother James, Duke of York and Albany, in
which Long Island is particularly named.
Under this grant, the Duke of York made
Richard Nicholls Governor of his province ;
and Robert Carr, George Cartwright, and
Samuel Maverick were appointed commission
ers with him to take possession of the coun
try, determine boundaries, and regulate other
affairs throughout the territory extending from
the Connedlicut river to the Delaware. These
Commissioners sent a proclamation to the in
habitants of Long Island, and promised that
all who would submit to the British King
should be protedled in his laws and justice,
and peaceably enjoy whatsoever God's bless
ing and their honest industry had furnished
them with, and all other privileges of English
subjedls. At the close of August, the Dutch
authorities at New York surrendered to thq

THE DUKE OF YORK S PATENT. 1 33
English, and as soon as Gov. Winthrop, of
Connedlicut, saw the patent given to the Duke
of York, he informed the people of Long Isl
and that Connedlicut had no longer any
claim to the Island. The Commissioners heard
Mr. Howell of Southampton and Capt. Youngs
of Southold give the reasons why Long Island
should be under the government of Connedl
icut. But on the 30th of November, they de
cided that Long Island must belong to the
Duke of York. See Gov. NichoUs's letter to
Mr. Howell and Capt. Youngs. Town Rec
ords, Book B, pp. 38, 39, 53.
On the 8th of February, 1665, the Govern
or sent forth a proclamation ordering each of
the Towns on Long Island to eledl two dep
uties to attend a general meeting at Hemp
stead, on the last day of that month, in order
to make a more formal submission to the
Duke, and to accept a new body of laws.
William Wells, Esq., and Capt. John Youngs
were chosen by the people of Southold to rep
resent them, and to carry with them to the
Governor the following petition, namely :
These are to certifie our honored Govern
or Coll. Richard Nicholls Esqr that according
to his command and in persuance of his sage
13

134 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
and sound advice the freemen of Southold in
a plenary meeting made eledlion of mstr Wil
liam Wells and Capt. John Youngs and them
invested with full power to conclude any cause
or matter relating to all or any of the several
townes comprised in the Grand Charter and
to that end to waite uppon your honor at the
time and place assigned by your letter of the
eight of this present february 1664.
I. That there may be a law inadled that we
may injoy our lands in free sockadg we and
our heirs for ever.
2. That the freemen may have their choyse
every yeare of all their sivell officers.
3. That every trained souldier may have
his free choys of theire millitary officers year
ly if they see ocatione and that we may not
pay to any forttification but what may be with
in our selves : because we are Remott from all
other townes : and that the fotte soldieres
may not be injoyned to trayn without the
p'cincks of the towne.
4. That we m*ay have three courts in the
towne of Southold in a year & that there may
be chosen by the freemen on or two assistants
to sitte in Court with those that shall be mag
istrates and that they may have power to try
all causes and actiones except Cappitall mat
ters and that they may tottally end all rnatters
to the value of five pounds without any apelles.
5. That because the Gennerall Courts and

TrtE duke's LAWS; 135
meettiiigs are verry Remott from us that
therefore we may have some mittygatione in
our charge.
6. That not any magistrate may have any
yearly maintainance,
7. That there be not any Ratte Levy, of
Charge or mony Raised but what shallbe with
the consent of the major part of the Dep-
utyes in a Gennerall Court or metting.
On the first of March, all the deputies of
the several Towns signed an address to the
Duke, and promised, for all the people, sub
mission to his laws, and support of his rights
and title, according to his patent from the
King. The same meeting made a body of laws
for the government of the province, or rath
er accepted a code already prepared for them.
These are known as "the Duke's Laws." At
the same meeting, a shire, or county, was
formed; and after the model of Yorkshire in
England, it was divided into Ridings, East,
North, and West. The towns in the present
county of Suffolk formed the East Riding of
Yorkshire on Long Island.
The people of Southold were greatly dis
satisfied with the adlion of their representa
tives, and still more so with the Duke's gov-

136 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
ernment. But Messrs. Wells and Youngs
undoubtedly did their best for the people
here, and as well as any other persons in
Southold could have done. But the early
settlers left no means tinused that gave any
promise of restoring them to Connedlicut,
and of releasing them from the authority and
laws of the Duke. It could not be other
wise, in view of the contrast between the
charadler, life and purposes of the Town, on
the one hand, and the disposition, aims, and
history of this specimen of the Stuarts, on
the other. He was the second surviving son
of Charles I. and Henrietta Maria, daughter
of Henry IV. of France. He was born in
1633, called Duke of York forthwith, and
patented as such in 1643. He was eight
years old when the civil war commenced.
He saw the first great battle of that war at
Edgehill, Odl, 23, 1642, where the forces of
the king got the advantage of their foes. He
was at the siege of Bristol the next year;
was taken prisoner at Oxford in 1646; es
caped in 1648, and went to Holland and Flan
ders ; in 1649, to Paris and Jersey, and thence
returned to the Netherlands. In 165 1 he en
tered the French army ; but he had to leave

THE duke's life, 137
France four years afterwards, and then he en^
tered the Spanish army. In 1660, his elder
brother was recalled from his exile and made
King of England as Charles II. The Duke
shared in the good fortune of his family, and
married Anne Hyde, daughter of the Earl of
Clarendon. She died in 1671, and two years
afterwards, when he was forty years old, he
married an Italian lady aged fifteen years.
He had become a Papist while on the conti
nent ; but he did not own it until the death of
his first wife. He became the head of his
brother's administration in Scotland aYid was
exceedingly cruel to the Presbyterians, who •
were then, as now, the most and the best of
the people of that country. His brother died
and he became the King in 1685. His par
liament was the most slavish and his pun
ishments the most bloody ever known in
English history; but he dismissed the parlia
ment, and undertook to overthrow the consti
tution, and hand over the government to the
papacy. He went from bad to worse for three
years. On the loth of June, 1688, his Italian
and papal wife bore a son to him. The pros-
pedl of this son's succeeding him was enough.
Twenty days later, his daughter Mary and her

138 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
husband William, Prince of Orange, were in
vited by the real representatives of the Eng
lish people, to take the throne. WiUiam came
with 15,000 men, and James fled to France.
The next year, he passed over to Ireland and
headed a rebellion which received its death
blow at the battle of the Boyne, July, i, 1690.
He then returned to France, said prayers to
the saints, and plotted the assassination of
William III. He died of apoplexy in 1701,
This is the man to whose authority and laws
the people of Southold had to submit in
1665. The Town was allowed to eledl its
constable and assessors, and these officers
could make orders concerning some local in
terests of the people, and they were required
to appoint every year two of the assessors
to make the rate for building and repairing
the church, maintaining the minister, and sup
porting the poor. But the governor of the
Duke's appointment was in effedl law-maker,
judge, and executive officer. The delegates
of Southold, Southampton and Easthampton
met in Southold in 1672 in order to unite for
the maintenance of their rights.
One instance of the Governor's arbitrary
rule was this: he gave orders, on the 19th

TtlE duke's GOVERNORS. 1^9
day of July, 1667, to the officers of Southold,
and of other eastern Towns on Long Island,
that one-third of the militia, which were in
foot companies, should fit themselves with
horses, saddles and such arms (either pistols,
carbines or muskets) as they had, and be
ready, at an hour's warning, to obey his orders
whenever he should command them to a ren
dezvous, All civil and military officers were
required, upon their allegiance, to promote
this service strenuously and diligently.
The first Governor, however arbitrary, was
a man of intelligence and wisdom ; but he re
turned to England in 1668, and four years af
terward was killed in a naval engagement in
a war against Holland. He was succeeded
by Col. Francis Lovelace, who soon proved to
be a far less worthy governor than Col. Rich
ard Nicholls. For Lovelace was the man who
ordered one of his deputies to impose such
taxes upon the people as might give them
liberty for no thought but how to discharge
them. In 1670, he ordered Southold and
other towns on Long Island to pay taxes to
build or rebuild a fort at New York, and for
other purposes. The towns of Southold,
Southampton and Easthampton appointed

140 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
delegates who met here in Southold to con
sider the matter ; and after full consultation,
these Puritan towns declined to pay the tax
es, unless they could have the rights and priv
ileges of the people of New England. They
united with other towns of the Island in pro
testing against the despotism of the Governor.
The result was, that the Governor and his
council ordered the protests to be publicly
burned. These transadlions most deeply moved the
people of Southold, who were nearly all of
them members of the church, and with whom
their purity and liberty in religion were their
chief concern. The Duke's government was un
congenial and even irksome from the first day
of its imposition. It was steadily becoming
more uncomfortable and even hateful.
In these circumstances a new source of ag
itation was opened. It was humiliation to
them as Englishmen ; but relief to them as Pur
itan Christians and devoted lovers of liberty.
On the 28th of July, 1673, a Dutch fleet of
armed vessels came inside of Sandy Hook,
and two days thereafter sailed up to New
York and took possession of the place without
the firing of a gun to resist them.

WHALE FISHING, 14I
They left Capt. Anthony Colve as Governor,
and took away with them, on their return. Col.
Francis Lovelace, whom they carried back to
Europe. Capt. Manning, the English officer who had
command of the fort at the time, was after
wards tried for treachery and cowardice, pro
nounced guilty, and condemned to have his
sword broken over his head, casting him out
of the army in disgrace. Gov. Lovelace was
deprived of his estate, which was given to the
Duke of York.
Capt. Colve, the new Dutch Governor of
the province, was a man of energy, and began
forthwith to restore the Dutch authority and
institutions. As soon as he had brought the
city into a good condition of order and indus
try, he issued a proclamation, August 14, 1673,
to the several towns on Long Island, requir
ing each of them to send two deputies to New
York with full power to submit to the Dutch
authority. The Towns on the West End sub
mitted. But Southold, Southampton and Easthamp
ton eagerly sent their deputies to Connedlicut
to ask for its government and protedlion.
Their request was referred by the General

142 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Court to a committee, authorized to grant it,
with the concurrence of the Governments of
Massachusetts and Plymouth. The committees
took these three towns under the Connedlicut
Jurisdidlion, made them a county, organised a
county court, appointed judges, and commis
sioned other civil and military officers.
These towns adopted other means also to
accomplish their purpose, as it appears from
the following Order :
"At a Court at Whitehall, the 3d of July,
1672. " Present — the King's Most Excellent Maj
esty in Council.
" Upon reading this day at the Board the
humble petition of his Majesty's subjedls in
three villages at the East End of Long Island
in America, called Easthampton, Southamp
ton, and Southold, setting forth that they
have spent much time and pains and the
greater part of their estates in settling the
trade of whale fishing in the adjacent seas,
having endeavored it above these twenty
years, but could not bring it to any perfedlion
till within these two or three years last past.
And it being now a hopeful trade at New
York in America, the Governor and the Dutch
there do require the petitioners to come under
their patent, and lay very heavy taxes upon

RELATIONS WITH THE DUTCH. 1 43
them beyond any of his Majesty's subjedls in
New England, and will not permit the peti
tioners to have any deputies in Court, but being
chief, do impose what laws they please upon
them ; and, insulting very much over the pe
titioners, threaten to cut down their timber,
which is but little they have to [make] casks
for oil, although the petitioners purchased
their lands of the Lord Sterling's deputy,
above thirty years since, and have been till
now under the government and patent of Mr.
Winthrop, belonging to Connedlicut patent,
which lieth far more convenient for the peti
tioners' assistance in the aforesaid trade. And
therefore most humbly praying that they may
be continued under the government and patent
of Mr. Winthrop, or else that they may be a
free corporation as his Majesty's subjedls for
the further encouraging them in their said
trade, otherwise they must be forced to re
move, to their great undoing, and damage of
sundry merchants, to whom they stand in
debted for their trade."
The King ordered the Council on Foreign
Plantations to consider this petition, and re
port their opinion thereon, with all convenient
speed, and also to give notice to the Commis
sioners of the Duke of York, that they may at
tend when the same shall be under considera-

144 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
tion. See Brodhead's Documents, Vol. 3, pp.
197, 198.
The representations of this petition are
touched at one point by a statement which
Gov. Nicholls made a few years previously,
when he wrote to the Duke of York in these
words :
" The people of Long Island are very poor,
and labor only to get bread and clothing, with
out hopes of ever seeing a penny of monies."
See Brodhead's Documents, Vol. 3, p. 106.
On the day that Gov. Colve appointed for
the Puritan Towns to submit to the Dutch
authority, the Delegates from these English
Towns presented to the Dutch Council the
following writing :
"Jamaica, August the 14th, 1673.
" Whereas we the inhabitants of the East
Riding of Long Island (namely, Southampton,
Easthampton, Southold, Setauket and Hunt
ington,) were sometimes rightly and peaceful
ly joined with Hartford Jurisdidlion to good
satisfadlion on both sides ; but about the year
1664 Gen. Richard Nicholls coming in the
name of his Majesty's Royal Highness the
Duke of York and by power subjedled us to
the government under which we have remain
ed until this present time, and now by turn of
God's providence, ships of force belonging to

PRIVILEGES DESIRED. 1 45
the States of Holland have taken New York
the 30th of the last month, and we having no
intelligence to this day from our Governor,
Francis Lovelace, Esquire, of what hath hap
pened or what we are to do, but the General
of the said Dutch force hath sent to us his
declaration or summons with a serious com-
mination therein contained, and since we un
derstand by the post bringing the said declar
ation that our Governor is peaceably and re-
spedlfully entertained into the said fort and
city ; we the inhabitants of the said East Rid
ing, or our deputies for us, at a meeting this
day do make these our requests as follows :
Imprimis, That if we come under the Dutch
government, we desire that we may retain our
ecclesiastical privileges, namely, to worship God
according to our belief without any imposition.
Secondly. That we may enjoy the small
matters of goods we possess, with our lands
according to our purchase of the natives as it
is now bounded out, without further charge
of confirmation.
Thirdly. That the oath of allegiance to be
imposed may bind us only while we are un
der Government ; but that as we shall be
bound not to adl against them, so also not to
take up arms for them against our own nation.
Fourthly. That we may always have liber
ty to choose our own officers both civil and
military. Fifthly, That th^se five towns may be a cor-
13

146 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
poration of themselves to end all matters of dif-
erence between man and man, excepting only
cases concerning life, limb and banishment.
Sixthly. That no law may be made or tax
imposed upon the people at any time but such
as shall be consented to by the deputies of
the respedlive towns.
Seventhly. That we may have free trade
with the nation now in power and all others
without paying custom.
Eighthly. In every respedl to have equal
privileges with the Dutch nation.
Ninthly. That there may be free liberty
granted the five towns abovesaid for the pro
curing from any of the United Colonies (with
out molestation on either side) warps, irons
or any other necessaries for the comfortable
carrying on the whale design.
Tenthly. That all bargains, covenants and
contradls of what nature soever stand in full
force, as they would have been had there been
no change of government.
Easthampton, Thomas James.
Southampton, John Jessup,
Joseph Raynor.
Southold, Thomas Hutchinson,
Isaac Arnold.
Brookhaven, Richard Woodhull,
Andrew Miller.
Huntington, Isaac Piatt,
Thomas Skidmore. Deputies,"

Privileges granted. 147
The Records of the Dutch Council proceed :
" The Delegates from Easthampton, South
ampton, Southold, Setauket and Huntington
requested an audience, and entering, delivered
in their credentials with a writing in form of a
petition. They further declared to submit
themselves to the obedience of their High
Mightinesses the Lords States-General of the
United Netherlands and his Serene Highness
the Prince of Orange, etc. Whereupon, the
preceding petition having been read and taken
into consideration, it is ordered as follows :
On the first point. They are allowed free
dom of conscience in the worship of God and
church discipline.
Second. They shall hold and possess all
their goods and lawfully procured lands, on
condition that said lands be duly recorded.
Third point regarding the oath of allegiance
with liberty not to take up arms against their
own nation is allowed and accorded to the pe
titioners. Fourth article is in like manner granted to
the petitioners : to nominate a double number
for their magistrates, from which the eledlion
shall then be made here by the Governor,
Fifth, It is allowed the petitioners that
the magistrates in each town shall pronounce
final judgment to the value of five pounds
sterling, and the Schout with the General
Court of said five towns, to the sum of twenty

148 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
pounds, but over these an appeal to the Gov
ernor is reserved.
Sixth, In case any of the Dutch towns
shall send deputies, the same shall, in like
manner, be allowed the petitioners.
On the seventh and eighth articles it is or
dered, that the petitioners shall be considered
and treated as all the other subjedls of the
Dutch nation, and be allowed to enjoy the
same privileges with them.
Ninth article cannot, in this conjundlure of
time, be allowed.
Tenth article, 'Tis allowed that all the
foregoing particular contradls and bargains
shall stand in full force,"
The first noticeable feature of this business
is, that the first of the deputies was a minister,
the pastor of Easthampton, and that the first
article of the ten included in the provisions
has reference to the chief concern of these
Puritan Christians, namely, religion. Their
goods and lands were held secondary to this
chief interest. It shows the charadler and ob
jedls of the men who were adlive here two
hundred years ago ; and it manifests their re
ligious devotion in a most impressive way.
It leaves no doubt as to the godly charadler
of the men who have laid us under obligations
for the inheritance which we enjoy. It plainly

bUTCH COMMISSION. 149
shows us also how broad, and liberal, and
comprehensive was the nature of their relig
ion. It was no mere matter of feeling — no
narrow experience of sentiment or emotion,
But it embraced all their important interests
for this life as well as for that which is to come.
Ten days after these transadlions, the Gov
ernment of Connedlicut gave the Dutch Coun
cil plain notice, that the United Colonies of
New England would, through the assistance
of Almighty God, maintain the liberty of the
English on Long Island eastward of Oyster
Bay, and keep them as a part of New Eng
land, The Dutch instantly replied to this
notice with spirit and defiance, declaring that
Southold and the other eastward towns be
longed to the Dutch government, and would
be retained by arms, should there be any need
of force to retain them.
On the 8th of September, the Council eledl
ed officers for the County and for the several
towns from the nominations submitted. For
Schout, that is. Sheriff of the County, Isaac
Arnold of Southold was chosen, and for Mag
istrates of this town, Thomas Moore and Thom
as Hutchinson, At the same time the oath
of fidelity to the Dutch government to be

t50 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
taken by all the inhabitants of these eastern
towns was modified somewhat, with a view to
make it less unacceptable to them.
The Dutch Council of War in New York
were certainly very considerate and generous
in their dealings with these towns. But it is
not wonderful that their efforts to conciliate
and keep them were in vain. They could not
overcome the force of language and grateful
associations. But on the ist of Odlober, Gov. Colve com
missioned Capt. William Knyffe and Lieut.
Anthony Malypart, with the Clerk, Abraham
Varlett, to call a Town meeting in each of the
eastern towns, to administer unto the inhab
itants thereof the oath of fidelity, and to make
a true return thereof.
The business of Capt. Knyffe and his asso
ciates did not prosper. He visited all the
towns, called meetings, and proposed to them
the oath. But the several ToTjvns declined to
take the oath. Southold had already met,
and on the 29th of September said :
" The reasons following show why we the
major part of the Town of Southold aforesaid
do forbear to adl further than we have adled
upon the summons sent us by Mr. Isaac Ar-

DUTCH JURISDICTION DECLINED. t^I
nold." No less than seven different reasons
are enumerated and stated, the first being
that they had understood that the Schout and
Magistrates only were to take the oath, and
the second that they would be debarred the
freedom of conscience granted in the first ar-
.ticle of the Order made on the 24th of August.
They close their statement with these words :
"We have been left without government
about a month, which hath been prejudicial
to some and caused fear in others, we lying
open to the incursion of those- who threaten
us daily with the spoiling of our goods if we
take any oath of fidelity to you ; and now you
coming amongst us, without power to settle
either civil or military government, we not
withstanding are willing to submit ourselves
to your government, (during the prevalence
of your power over us) provided you perform
those articles you first promised us, and also
establish a firm and peaceable government
among us, protedling us from the invasion of
those which daily threaten us."
Southold was followed by Southampton,
Odl. I ; by Easthampton, Odl. 2 ; by Setauk
et, Odl. 4 ; and by Huntington, Odl. 6 — all
declining the Dutch Jurisdidlion.
On the 20th of Odlober, Gov. Colve sub
mitted to the Council the report of Capt.

1S2 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Knyffe and Lieut. Malypart, and the answer^
of the Towns, and proposed whether it would
not be necessary to send a considerable force
thither to punish them as rebels. He request
ed the advice of the Council hereupon. After
divers debates, the majority judged that in
this conjundlure of war it was not advisable
to attack them by force of arms, and thereby
afford them and the neighboring colonies oc
casion to take up arms against the Dutch.
They judged it better to send a second dele
gation. Captain Knyffe and Ensign Vos were suc
cessful in this second visit with Setauket and
Huntington, and on the 28th of Odlober gave
the list of names in those two towns to the
Governor, having sworn Joseph and Isaac
Piatt for magistrates of Huntington and Rich
ard Woodhull for Setauket.
On the 30th, the Governor sent hither to
the most eastward towns a most worthy delega
tion, with instrudlions to dispense with the
oath, if needful, except on the part of the mag
istrates, Isaac Arnold, the Sheriff", having al
ready taken it ; to give them a double number
of magistrates, should they desire it ; to assure
them that the instrudlions sent to the Schout

delegation FROM THE GOVERNOR. 1 53
and magistrates should in no wise conflidl with
the order formerly granted on their petition ;
that they should have the right to trade with
the neighboring Colonies on as good terms as
anybody; that they shall have the nomination
of their own magistrates, and whatever they
ask in fairness ; and that refusing obedience
will be their ruin. The Commissioners sent
with these instrudlions were the Hon, Corne
lius Steenwyck, who was the Governor's chief
Councilor, Capt, Charles Epesteyn, and Lieut,
Charles Quirynsen, Councilor Steenwyck had
been Mayor of the city for several years under
the English Government and became Mayor
again after the restoration of the English rule.
For a time, he had been appointed Governor
of the Province in the absence of Gov. Love
lace. He was a merchant of the highest
charadler for honesty and worth, one of the
richest and most popular and influential men
in the colony. There was living no better
man for the Governor to appoint as the chief
of the commission ; for both Dutch and Eng
lish had unbounded confidence in him.
But he did not prosper in his enterprise.
He and his fellow commissioners sailed Odl.
31, in the naval sloop or snow the Zee-hond

154 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
(Seadog) about noon on Tuesday ; but were
thrown ashore by the current near Corlear's
hook. But they warped off and sailed to Hell-
gate, where they met the flood and had to re
turn and anchor near Barent's Island.
Wednesday. The wind blew hard from the
east, They could not sail ; rowed to Barent's
Island ; returning, touched a rock near the
Pot ; almost upset the boat, and were in im
minent danger.
Thursday, they broke their rope and lost
their anchor.
Friday, they passed the White Stone and
reached Minnewit's Island.
Saturday, they sailed near Falcon's Island
and met a complete hurricane.
Sunday, they reached the riff of the Lit.
tlegatt, but lost their boat.
Monday, they pursued a sail from Pluymgat
to near Silvester Island. It proved to be a
vessel conveying Capt. Winthrop and Mr.
Willis, Commissioners of Connedlicut. There
was a showing of commissions on each side.
Mr. Silvester sent his son with a boat, and
the Commissioners went on shore and passed
the night with him, [on Shelter Island].
Tuesday, Nov. 7. The Connedlicut Com-

DUTCH OR ENGLISH. 1 55
missioners gave a copy of their commission to
the Dutch Commissioners, and requested
them to proceed no further with their busi
ness ; but answer was made that the Dutch
commission must be executed. Whereupon
the Connedlicut Commissioners hoisted the
King's jack, and rowed up toward Southold
in the boat belonging to Mr. Silvester's ship,
with the King's jack in the stern. The Dutch
commissioners immediately followed in a boat
they had borrowed from Capt. Silvester, with
the Prince's flag in the stern. At 2 p, m.,
coming near Southold, they heard the drum
beat and the trumpet sounded, and saw a sa
lute with muskets whenever the Connedlicut
gentleman passed by. Meanwhile, the water
being low, and the tide on the turn, the boat be
ing slowly dragged along by the sailors, the
Commissioners were obliged to land. Coming
nearer, they saw a troop of cavalry riding
backward and forward, four of whom advanc
ed to the Commissioners, dismounted, and
courteously placed the Commissioners on their
own horses ; whereupon the Commissioners
ascended the heights, where they met Capt,
Winthrop and Esquire Willis with a troop of
twenty-six or twenty-eight men on horseback,

156 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
So they rode on towards the village. [" The
heights " are the bluff" at the lower end of Bay
Avenue. The road formerly ran in a some
what curved line, and farther east than Bay
Avenue, from the Main Street to the bluff,
and led down to the beach eastward of the
bluff", west of the present Bay Farm of Elder
Stuart T. Terry]. When they reached the
village, they found about sixty footmen in
arms. They went to the house of one Mr.
Moore, and dismounting, they were invited to
enter. This house of Mr. Moore is the pres
ent Case house. After a little while, Mr.
Steenwyck requested that the inhabitants
might be called together to hear why they had
come and to hear also the commission of the
Governor. Then the Connedlicut Commis
sioners answered, that the inhabitants of
Southold were subjedls of his Majesty of Eng
land, and had nothing to do with any orders
or commission of the Dutch ; and then said
to the inhabitants : Whoever among you will
not remain faithful to his Majesty of England,
your lawful Lord and King, let him now speak.
Not one of the inhabitants made answer. Mr.
Steenwyck replied thereupon, that they were
subjedls of their High Mightinesses the States-

departure of THE DUTCH. 1 57
General and his Highness the Prince of Or
ange, as appeared by their colors and consta
ble's staff", by the nomination of their magis
trates, presented by them to the Governor,
and by the eledlion subsequent thereon. He
further requested, that the eledled persons
might be called. Thomas Moore appeared ;
but Thomas Hutchinson absented himself,
and ¦ could not be found. Said Moore would
not accept the eledlion of Gov. Colve ; but
said he had nothing to do with it. Then Isaac
Arnold, who had already been sworn in as
Sheriff [he was in New York when the Dutch
took the place] declared, that he had already
resigned his office of Sheriff, because it was
not in his power to execute that office, having
been already threatened by the inhabitants
that they would plunder his house. Mr.
Steenwyck again asked the people, most of
whom were present, if they would remain
faithful to their High Mightinesses and take
the oath? Not one answered; signifying
plainly enough by their silence that they
would not. After some further efforts, the
Dutch Commissioners left the place. On
leaving, some inhabitants of Southampton
were present, and John Cooper, (Ruling El-
H

158 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
der of the Southampton Church), told Mr.
Steenwyck to take care and not appear with
that thing at Southampton. He repeated
this more than once; for the commissioners
had intended to yo thither the next morning.
Whereupon Mr. Steenwyck asked, what he
meant by that word "thing," to which the
said John Cooper replied, " the Prince's
Flag." Then Mr. Steenwyck inquired, if he
said ?o of himself, or on the authority of the
inhabitants of Southampton. He answered:
" Rest satisfied that I warn you, and take care
that you come not with that Flag within range
of shot of our village."
The Connedlicut commissioners asked the
Dutch what village they would visit next, and
intimated that they would be present at every
place which the Dutch commissioners should
vi.sit. The latter thereupon entered their boat and
rowed back toward Shelter Island, and resolv
ed not to visit the other two villages, as they
clearly perceived that they would be unable
to effedl any thing, and rather do more harm
than good.
They reached Shelter Island at ten o'clock
in the evening, and there spent the night.

a VIGOROUS LETTER. 1 59
The next day, Wednesday, Nov. 8 th, they
sailed with the ebb at noon, and passed
through Plumgut, when the sun was an hour
high, with a spanking breeze ; saw two sails ;
spoke one, belonging to Achter Kol, that is,
Elizabeth, New Jersey.
The next evening at 8 o'clock the commis
sioners reached the Fort in New York and
reported to the Governor, who sent, on the
1 8th, a bold and vigorous letter in answer to
a note received on the 5 th from the Governor
of Connedlicut. In this letter he said :
" It is sufficiently notorious and can also
appear by their requests, that the inhabitants
of the East End of Long Island have submit
ted and declared themselves subjedls of their
High Mightinesses, delivering up their colors,
constables' staves, making nominations for
Schout, Magistrates and Secretaries ; where
upon their eledlion also duly loUowed. Fur
thermore we have been requested by their
deputies to excuse the eledled Magistrates
from coming hither to take the oath, but as it
was necessary to send commissioners thither
in order to bring the people under oath, that
they may be qualified to administer the same
to the magistrates in like manner, which we
were pleased to grant them, and which would
undoubtedly have been complied with by

l6o historV of soutHolD.
them, had not some evil disposed persons
gone from you and dissuaded them. I am
here to maintain the right of their High Might
inesses and His Serene Highness, the Prince
of Orange, my Lords and Masters ; therefore
give little heed to your strange and threaten
ing words, knowing to put, with God's bless
ing and the force entrusted unto me, such
means into operation as will reduce rebels to
due obedience, and to make those who up
hold them in their unrighteous proceedings
to alter their evil designs."
But nothing more was done through the
winter to bring the people of Southold under
the power of the Dutch ; and with the return
of Spring it became known that a treaty of
peace between England and the Netherlands
had been signed at Westminster on the 9th
of February, restoring New York to the form
er in exchange for Surinam in South America,
though it was not until theioth of November
that the Dutch formally yielded up the pos
sessions on the Hudson and the neighboring
waters which they had held first and last for
nearly sixty years.
Thus Southold was reludlantly drawn back
into subjedlion to the government of the
Duke of York. It remained a part of his

fruits of peace. i6i
province until he became the King of Eng
land by the death of his brother, Charles II.,
in 1685. Then the province itself became a
royal one ; and it so continued until the War
of Independence.
Though suffering greatly from changes and
war, the early settlers laid here the foundations
of liberty and religion. The lands which they
had purchased from the savages, they endeav
ored to bring under the fruitful influence of
culture ; to improve the place by their own
industry and piety ; and to enrich it with
Christian homes. They desired to possess
the freedom of commerce as well as the fruits
of their own toil in every field of labor, and
all the privileges which they had inherited as
freemen of England. But in all their aims
and plans, they gave religion the chief place.
This was the sacred ark in the midst of the
host, whether the tribes were on the march or
in the camp. They made everything else
subordinate and subservient to the worship of
God according to his word. Their example
is a constant incitement to their posterity to
emulate their faith. They lived here as pil
grims ; for they desired a better country, even
the heavenly. Their possessions on earth
were few, and their aspirations for the riches

162 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
and honors of this world restrained within
narrow limits. The inventories of their goods
disclose to us the property which they held
and used, and the style in which they lived.
They had lands, houses, barns, fences,
horses, cattle, sheep, swine, and fowls of vari
ous kinds. They used a few rude utensils for
the cultivation of the soil — carts, ploughs, har-
fows, hoes, forks, scythes, sickles, axes, &c.
A few of the inhabitants were mechanics
and artisans, such as carpenters, blacksmiths,
weavers, and shoemakers. But far the great
er part of them wrought diredlly upon the
land or the water.
Within their dwellings they used tables,
chairs, desks, drawers, chests, bedsteads, beds,
bedding, shovels, tongs, andirons, trammels,
pothooks, pots, pans, knives, wooden ware,
pewter ware, especially plates and spoons,
and sometimes a little earthen ware, and per
haps a few pieces of silver, as a tankard and
a cup. Nearly all had guns, and some had-
swords and books. But stoves, tin ware,
plated ware of every kind, china, porcelain,
queens ware, and all kinds of fine work of
the potter's art seem to have been unknown
among them. So were table-cloths, and es
pecially table-forks, which were used in Italy

moDe Of life. 163
as early perhaps as the settlement of South-
old, but not in England until many years
thereafter. They had no carpets, and few
had any pidlures, clocks, watches, musical in
struments, or works of art for the adornment
of their homes. Some had candlesticks, but
few had lamps. Some had simple implements
for the manufadlure of flax and wool into
cloth, and the families generally had scissors
and needles sufficient for making the homely
garments which they wore.
They had little food, or even condiments,
brought from beyond the Town — no coffee
nor tea. They were able to gather a scanty
supply of wild fruits ; but they had little or
no other. They greatly depended upon the
mortar and pestle to prepare their grain for
cooking. Their resources, employments, im
plements, furniture, food, manners and habits
were unlike our own to a degree which we
cannot easily understand.
They had nets and boats for fishing and other
purposes ; but how unlike those now in use !
Land was cheap; but domestic animals
were dear ; and wild beasts and Indians' wolf
ish dogs preyed upon them destrudlively.
In the experience of many privations and
hardships, the early settlers were social, kind-

t64 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
ly and helpful to each other, bearing each
other's burdens, and so fulfilling the law of
Christ. There was much need of it ; for they
were destitute of many advantages and con
veniences which we deem indispensable.
They had the ministry of God's word for their
spiritual comfort and improvement ; but for
the relief of their physical maladies in cases
of sickness and accident they could not ob
tain the benefit of the services of an intelli
gent and skillful physician. When death
came, they buried their dead with all serious
ness ; but they did it without funeral solemni
ties in order to protest against wakes, masses,
prayers for the dead, and the whole round of
superstitious rites and ceremonies which are
practiced in some places without the authori
ty of the word of God.
The head of the household condudled the
family worship day by day, and the minister
condudled the public worship and explained
and applied the Scriptures on the Sabbath,
and on ledlure, fast and thanks-giving days.
The people were in a high degree obedient
to God and just to each other. They lived at
peace among themselves, and were in a good
degree prosperous as well as contented and
thankful.

PART II.
PERIOD OF THE MINISTRY OF THE
REV. JOSHUA HOBART.
1674-1717.

CHAPTER IV.
The second pastor of the First Church of
Southold was the Rev. Joshua Hobart. He
was the eldest son of the Rev. Peter Hobart,
and a grandson of Edmund Hobart.
His grandfather came from England to
Massachusetts in 1633, and settled in Charles-
town ; but removed two years later to Hing
ham, where he lived eleven years and died in
1646. From 1639 to 1642 he represented
the Town of Hingham in the General Court.
He lived in England in a place where the
people generally were very wicked ; but he
and his wife were excellent Christians, and
took care to train up their children in the
knowledge and pradlice of the true religion.
Their son Peter was born in Hingham,
Norfolk county, England, near the close of

1 68 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
the year 1604. While he was very young,
they sent him to a grammar school near where
they lived, and in this school he advanced rap
idly in his studies. They sent him afterwards
to the free school in Lynn ; and when he had
gained the needful preparation, he went to
the University of Cambridge. He pursued
his studies in the University until he became
a Bachelor of Arts, During his whole college
course, he maintained a high charadler as a
diligent, sober and pious person.
After his graduation, he taught a grammar
school, and lodged in the house of a clergy
man of the Established Church, This redlor
was not friendly to the Puritans, but he some
times employed young Hobart, the pious
teacher, to preach for him. This continued
for a time, and then the young man returned
to the University and took his degree of Mas
ter of Arts, Thereafter, he preached in sev
eral places as he had opportunity ; and having
married an excellent wife, discreet and frugal,
like himself, he became at length a successful
minister at Haverhill, on tbe western border
of Suffolk county, and fifteen or twenty miles
southeast of Cambridge, He remained in
England two years after his parents, brothers

IIEV. PETER HOBART. 169
and sisters had found a new home in Massa?
chusetts. They were urgent for him to join
them in the new world. Their persuasions,
and the difficulties which he experienced on
account of his Puritanism, induced him to
cross the ocean. He embarked in the sum
mer of 1635, with his wife and four children.
They had a long and tiresome passage, and
were sick nearly all the voyage ; but at the
end of it they reached Charlestown in safety,
where his kindred were ready to meet them
with a joyful welcome. Several churches
soon invited him to become their minister ;
but he preferred to make with his friends a
new plantation. They did this, and called
the place Hingham. Here he gathered a
church and continued to be its industrious
and faithful pastor for about forty years.
Soon after he came to this country his wife
died. This was a great bereavement and sor
row to him. But he afterwards married an
other, who proved to be, like the first, a great
blessing to him.
After he had been settled some time in
Hingham, the church in Haverhill, whence he
had come, earnestly invited him to return and
become their pastor again, He felt the at-

170 ' HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
tradlions of the old country; but all things
being considered, he thought it best to decline
the call.
In the spring of 1670 he was very ill and
likely to die ; but he had a strong desire to
live longer, especially to make some diredl
efforts in behalf of the youth of his congrega
tion, and to superintend the education of his
own younger children. God granted his de
sire, and he lived until January 20, 1678-9,
when he was in the seventy-fourth year of his
age. In the mean time he preached many
sermons to the young, and made other spe
cial efforts for their benefit. He had eleven
children — eight sons and three daughters.
Four of his sons became Ministers of the Gos
pel. Joshua was born in England, came to
this country with his parents, pursued the
college course of studies and was graduated
at Harvard College in 1650; was ordained the
Pastor of Southold, Odlober 7, 1674, and
died February 28, 1716-7. Jeremiah was
born in England, April 6, 1631 ; was gradu
ated at Harvard with his brother Joshua in
the class of 1650 ; was ordained atTopsfield,
Massachusetts, Odlober 2, 1672 ; was dismiss
ed September 21, 1680; was installed the

rev, peter hobart's sons. 171
Pastor of Hempstead, Long Island, in 1683;
was dismissed thence about seventeen years
thereafter ; was installed the Pastor of H ad-
dam, Connedlicut, November 14, 1700; and
died March 1715, aged eighty-four years.
His wife, Elizabeth Whitney, was a descend^
ant of Joan of Acre, daughter of Edward I. of
England, and one of the ancestors of the dis
tinguished lawyer, Jeremiah Mason, of Boston.
[See Walworth's Mason Genealogy. 15 N.
E. Genealogical Register], Gershom, another
son of the Rev, Peter Hobart, was born in
Hingham, Massachusetts; was graduated at
Harvard in 1667; was ordained Pastor of
Groton, Massachusetts, November 26, 1679;
and died December 19, 1707, aged sixty-two
years. Nehemiah was born in Hingham, No
vember 21, 1648; was graduated at Harvard
in the same year as his brother Gershom. He
preached two years at Newton, Massachusetts,
and was then ordained there, December 23,
1674, and died August 25, 17 12, aged sixty-
three years. Another son, Japheth, also grad
uated in the same class with Gershom and
Nehemiah. He was born at Hingham in
April 1647; graduated when he was twenty
years old, went two years afterward to Eng-

^72 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
land as the surgeon of a ship, intending to
proceed thence to the East Indies ; but noth
ing more was ever heard of him.
The Hon. Solomon Lincoln, the historian
of Hingham, Massachusetts, and President of
the Webster National Bank of Boston,- has
generously given me the benefit of his knowl
edge in respedl to our second pastor. He
writes : " Webster Bank, 1
(39 State Street and 2 Congress Street,) >
Boston, June 27, 1862. )
Rev. Epher Whitaker,
Dear Sir: * * * I have devoted a good
deal of my time to the early history of the
Town of Hingham in which I was born, and
have copious notes respedling it, which I have
colledled with a view (perhaps not soon to be
realized) of publishing a more extended his
tory of Hingham than is contained in the
small volume which I published some thirty-
five years since.
I suppose I can give as much information
relating to the Hobarts as can be procured
elsewhere, and shall be very willing to corre
spond with you respedling them.
* * * I have long desired to
trace the descendants of Joshua Hobart and
to ascertain the precise line of the Bishop's
ancestors.

kEV. JOSrtUA HOfiART. i;^^
* * * John Sloss Hobart, the
judge, was a son of Rev. Noah Hobart, the
distinguished minister of Fairfield, Connedli
cut. Noah was a son of David, a farmer of
our Hingham, and David was a son of Rev.
Peter Hobart."
Subsequently Mr. Lincoln wrote me and
said: " I enclose a memorandum of some fadls
connedled with the history of Rev. Joshua
Hobart, of Southold, which may be of use to
you. I have given the authority for all my
statements." The following is the memorandum mention
ed above.
" Rev. Joshua Hobart, son of Rev. Peter
Hobart, the first minister of Hingham, Massa
chusetts, was born in England, and came to
this country with his father, mother and three
other children in 1635, (see Hobart's Diary,)
was graduated at Harvard College in 1650,
(College Catalogue,) went to Barbadoes in
1655, (Manuscript of President Stiles,) and
there married Margaret Vassal, daughter of
William Vassal. Thence he went to London.
He returned to New England in 1669, (Stiles.)
His wife Margaret having deceased, he mar
ried Mary Rainsford at Boston, January 16,
1671-2, (Stiles.) He was settled in the min
istry at Southold, Long Island, Odlober 7,

174 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
1674, (American Quarterly Register, Vol. viii,
p. 336,) and died there the ' latter end of Feb
ruary 1 716-7,' (Hobart's Diary). He surviv
ed all who were educated before him at Har
vard, and it is believed all who were graduat
ed before 1659, (Am. Quarterly Register,
Vol. viii, p. 336). Excepting Thomas Cheev-
er, it is believed that he obtained the greatest
age of any of the sons of Harvard during the
first century of its existence, (Am. Quarterly
Register, Vol. viii, p. 336). Of him Presi
dent Stiles remarks : ' He was an eminent
physician, civilian and divine, and every way
a great, learned, pious man.' How many
children he had (if any) by his first wife is
uncertain. In an account of his family fur
nished to Rev. Dr. Stiles by Rev. Noah Ho
bart of Fairfield, (a nephew of Rev. Joshua,)
he says he thinks Rev. Joshua left three chil
dren by his first wife. This could not be ; for
he was married to her April 16, 1656, and in a
deed dated July 18, 1657, she is called his late
wife, (Stiles). By his second wife, he had
several children, namely: 'twins born Odlo
ber, 1672 — one died; the other was called
Aletheia [that is. Truth;] Irene [that is,
Peace,] born at Boston, April 1674; Peter
[that is. Stone,] born February 28, 1675-6 at
Southold,' and perhaps others, (Stiles). Ac
cording to Rev. Noah Hobart's account, his
uncle. Rev. Joshua, died at Southold ' some
time in the winter of 1616-7,' (Stiles)."

VASSAL RELATIONS. 1 75
Charles B. Moore, Esq. in his remarkably
comprehensive, accurate and priceless " In
dexes of Southold," says that our second pas
tor sailed for Barbadoes July, i6, 1655 ; ar
rived in London, July 5, 1656; and returned
to New England September 5, 1659.
Mr. Moore states, in respedl to the first
wife, Margaret Vassal, that William Vassal,
the father, was deceased, and that Nicholas
Ware was adling executor. He adds :
" The dates arranged appear thus :
1656. March 3. Deed signed by Margar
et and Mary Vassal for interest in lands in
Massachusetts. April 16. The marriage at Barbadoes, of
Joshua Hobart and Margaret Vassal.
May 8. The above deeds not yet deliver
ed in Massachusetts, and thus affedled by the
marriage. Power of attorney by Nicholas
Ware, executor, to Capt. Joshua Hubbard, of
Hingham, to sell property in Massachusetts.
1657. July 18. Deed of this date, signed
by Joshua Hubbard, Judith Vassal and her
husband, and Adams, husband of another sis
ter, stating that J. H. signed it 'on behalf of
his late wife.'
Enough is not shown of this deed or release
to know when or where it was signed by J.
H., nor whether by the Captain, under a pow
er of attorney, or the clergyman as husband ;

176 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
if the latter, probably not until after Septem
ber 1659, when he returned. Prof. Stiles's
MSS., which give the precise date of his re
turn, state that he had three children by his
first wife, and that she died four days after
his return, which would be on the 9th of Sep
tember, 1659; and if she died, as was too
common in child-birth or with a young child,
after a sea voyage, there is no discrepancy in
having three children ; nor anything very re
markable in the dodlor's charge for services,
or in the mere date of a deed prepared to be
signed by others first, and waiting such return
for her signature, then altered and signed by
the husband for his late wife. (See 17 N. E.
Reg., p. 58)."
This theory includes all the known fadls,
and therefore has the advantage of every
other which fails to give each the position
that seems to be its proper place.
The Rev. John Youngs died on the 24th
of February 1672. The people of Southold
were thus providentially bereft of pastoral
oversight and care. But they were not will
ing to remain destitute of the ministry of
God's word. On the contrary, they were
prompt in their efforts to obtain a well quali
fied pastor. This is clearly manifest in the
light of their adlion which is recorded as fol
lows in the Town Records, (Book B, p. 87).

An HONEST, GODLY MAN. 1 77
"April ye i, 1672.
At a plenary meeting then held in South-
old it was votted then and agreed that the
inhabitants wold provid themselves of an
honest godly man to performe the offis of a
minister amongst them and that they wold
allowe and pay to the said minister sixty
pounds sterling by the yeare : and yt this pay
should be Raised Ratte wise by estates as
other Rattes are Raysed uppon all the inhab
itants. To which end it was agreed upon by
vote that Captain John Youngs should go in
to the bay and usse his best indevor for the
obtaining of such a man above menshoned to
live amongst us : and also agreed that he the
said John Youngs should have five pounds for
his labors and to dispach this his Trust some
tyme be twixt the date hereof and the 29 of
the next September — the which he promised
to doe."
"The bay" into which the eldest son of
the first pastor was authorized to sail, in order
to obtain a worthy, honorable, godly minister,
was of course the Massachusetts Bay, in which
colony the only college at that time in America
had been doing its work for thirty-four years.
The result of this eiifort to obtain a suitable
pastor appears in the Town Records under
date of May 22, 1674, (Book A, p. 159), as
follows :

178 HISTORY OP SOUTHOLD.
"Southold 22nd May 1674.
" In a publique meeting the day & yeare
abovesaid was voted & agreed by the Inhab
itants of the aforenamed place, that the Revd
Mr. Joshua Huberd should heave & hould for
his own his Heirs & Assignes use for ever a
Tradl of land which said land is part of the
Neck called Hallocks-neck & lyeth between
the comon on the east & the land of Symon
Grover, Nathan Moore and John Core senr
on the west. And thirty acres of Woodland
lying towards the North Sea & joyning to the
inclosed land of Mr. John Elton. And all the
meadow lying in the Neck sometimes called
by tlie name of Pooles neck. And a second
lot of comonage. — Also the said Inhabit, have
agreed & doe here promise to lay out one
hundred pound upon a dwelling house for the
said Rd Mr. Huburd. And have further
agreed and concluded that the constable and
seledlmen shall see that their Ministers due
from the people be brought in to him yearly.
"The Neck within named always was and
is known by ye name of little Hogg-neck &
not Poles neck though so worded through a
mistake. And the name Pols neck is altered
to ye ainciant name Little Hogg-neck by a
clear voat at a Town meeting held ye 2d of
April 1680. Also at the same meeting ye
Town did engage to secure ye meadow.

MR. HOBARTS SETTLEMENTS. 1 79
" Memorandum. " That in ye yeare one
thousand six hundred seventy four it was
agreed yt Mr. Hubart & his heirs & Assigns
shall possess & enjoy for ever ye land form
erly in ye possession & occupation of John
Core sen : bounded northward with Nathaniel
Moore, & on ye westward with ye kreek."
On the third of April 1674, (See Town
Records, Book A, p. 57,) it was voted by the
people that Mr. Hobart's yearly payments
should end about the 25th of March, which
was the beginning of the civil or legal year
throughout England and the British dominions
until the change from old style to new style
in 1752.
On the 13th of May, 1678, it was voted at .
a Town Meeting that the twenty pounds
promised Mr. Hobart to be added to the four
score agreed to before he came hither, should
be ratefied and paid to him as the other four
score. It is evident that he had a liberal settlement
and support. A shilling then was worth
about a dollar now, and a pound at that time
nearly equivalent to a double eagle to-day.
He received for his own forever, a settlement
of some hundred acres of land, and a house

l8o HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
relatively as good as a dwelling worth four
thousand dollars at the present day. This
would be so valuable that only a few in the
parish would equal it. His salary for the first
four years was eighty pounds a year. This
was relatively more than three thousand dol
lars would be now ; arid, four years after his
ordination, it was increased to one hundred
pounds annually, equivalent to four thousand
dollars a year at the present time. The Town
Records contain many transcripts of his re?
ceipts for his salary, which was nearly always
paid to him promptly at the end of each yezir
during the forty-three years of his pastorate.
It appears from his receipt for the year 1690,
that seventy pounds and eight pence of his
salary were paid by the people living west of
Thomas Benedidl's creek — now called Mill
Creek — and twenty-nine pounds, eleven shil
lings and four pence were paid by those who
lived east of Thomas's Creek. The town and
parish at that time extended westward to
Wading River, and the population had spread
farther in that diredlion than the present lim
its of the town. On each side of Tom's creek
there has been perhaps since that year some
twenty fold increase of population; byt pq

EXCHANGE OF LAND. l8l
¦which side the greater relative increase, it
'might not be easy to determine with preci-
:sion. Closely connedled with the settlement of
the second pastor is a letter which he wrote
.to his people, April 3, 1685, namely:
" To my beloved friends and neighborsi
the inhabitants of this Town, now assembled
together at their Town Meeting : Salutation.
Sirs: These lines are to request you to
¦do me the like favor that you have often done
to others since I came to this place, that is,
to exchange the land that you gave me at the
North-sea lots for the like value of land on
Pine Neck where I have already a small rec
ompense, instead of such meadows as were
promised elsewhere, but could not be obtain
ed, which as it is situated yields me no benefit
at all. So are also the other lands at North-
sea lots wholly unuseful to me, the parcels
being so far distant from each other. But if
you would please to grant me this exchange,
then I might make some advantage on Pine
Neck that might satisfy me. But if you de
ny me, as I hope you will not, for it will make
both parcels altogether unprofitable to me,
which I hope none of you do design. I shall
take it as a great testimony of your love and
respedl to me if you grant me this my desire,
which if you shall do, then if you please to
choose one man in behalf of the Town to join
16

iSi HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
with another Of yourselves whom I shall de
sire in my behalf for to estimate and effedl
this matter between us, your so doing will
oblige me who am already and still to remain
your friend and servant, Joshua Hobartt."
The people promptly granted his request,
and appointed Jonathan Horton, the youngest
son of Barnabas Horton, to adl in the matter.
This exchange of land put him into the pos-
SeSiion of all the more beautiful portion of
Pine Neck-^-^the lower part^-extending the
whole way across from Dickerson's Creek —
now jockey Creek — to Goose Creek. This
part was the more convenient to him ; for his
dwelling was built on Hallock's Neck, north-
Ward of the cove in which Dickerson's Creek
arid Young's Creek unite to flow into the Pe
conic Bay. Along the sand -bar between this
cove and the bay, teams can pass at low tide
from Hallock's Neck to Pine Neck and return
without difficulty, while boats can pass from
one of these Necks to the other with ease at
any stage of the tide.
His dwelling was built a few rods southeast
of the site of the present dwelling of Mr.
Robert Linsley. Fragments of the materials
of the chimney, now mingled with the com-

THE OLD PARSONAGE. I S3
:mpn soil, marjc the spot ; and the old well is
able at this day to supply an abundance pf
sweet water, as it did two hundred years agp.
I have often thought, while standing on the
site of this old parsonage, that it was built in
the most beautiful place for a residence with
in the bounds of the parish. It is the central
point of a scene of land and water, and fields
and woods, that never loses its charm from
age to age. It is not less salubrious than
pidluresque. The first master of the house
lived in it for nearly a score of years after he
had attained the proverbial three-score and
ten. He retained the ownership pf it for
twenty-seven years, until he was more than
seventy years of age, and then he sold it to
the people of his charge, that it might remain
a parsonage forever. This sale took place
1 70 1, and the last payment for the property
was made to Mr. Hobart two years later. It
was subsequently the home of these pastors
who succeeded him, the Rev. Messrs. Benjam
in Woolsey, James Davenport, William Throop
and John Storrs, until 1787.
There is an official list of the tax-payers of
the Town made within a year of the second
pastor's settlement. This gives us the names

184 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
of the chief men and two of the women who
were under his pastoral care at the beginning
of his ministry. It is as follows :

John Paine
Wm. Robinson

;^II9 ios
92 IG

John Greete
Caleb Curtis

124 GO
ig6 go

Walter Jones

68 GO

Giddion Yongs
Abraha. Whithere

141 IG
159 GO

Tho. Terry
John Tuthill
Richard Browne

129 IG
2G6 IG
370 GO

Samll King
Joseph Maps
Samll Grouer

169 IG
2G IG
37 GO

Tho. Moore Junr

186 GO

Jonathan Moore
Capt. John Youngs
Mr. John Youngs Jr
Peter Simons

147 IG
225 00
148 00
18 GO

Mr. John Conklin
Jacob Conklin
John Cory
Richard Clark

358 10
130 00
44 GO
. 62 GO

John Booth
John Curwin
Barnabs Horton

147 GO
228 IG
305 OG

Jonathan Horton
Richard Beniamin

171 IG
247 GO

Beniam. Moore

118 GO

TAX LIST.

Mr. John Bud

3PG GO

Abraham Cory

64 10

_ oshua Horton

197 GO

! Barnabas Wines

152 GO

Isaac Ouenton

232 GO

Mr, Tho. Hucisspn

176 IG

Jacob Cary

93 OG

Tho. Reeues

137 10

John Reeues

54 10

Thomas Rider

160 IG

John Franklin &

John Wigins

176 GO

Jeremy "Valle

152 00

Edward Petty

95 OG

Simon Grover

70 OG

Nathall Moore

32 GO

Mr. Thos. Moore Sr

127 GO

Joseph Yongs

78 GO

Isack Reeues

30 GO

Samuel Youngs

72 GO

Stephen Bayley

69 OG

Mr. John Youngs marinr

53 00

Samll Glouer

75 10

Beniam Yongs

142 GO

Christopr Yongs Sr.

120 IG

Peeter Paine

58 GO

Dainell Terry

126 OG

Peeter Dicisson

250 IG

Richard Cozens

22 GO

Nathall Terry

219 GO

Samll Wines

78 10

^85

1 86 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Mrs. Mary Welles 217 10
Simieon Beniam 106 go
WiirColleman 59 00
Calib Horton 282 00
Tho, Maps Jr, " 99 go
Thomas Tusteene 64 go
Thomas Maps Sr 227 10
Thomas Terrill 109 oo
James Reeues 244 10
Will Reeues 69 lO
John Swasie Sr 200 oo
John Swasie Jr 62 10
Joseph Swasie 66 oo
Will Halloke 361 10
John Hallok 82 00
Richard Howell 77 00
Thomas Osman 194 oo
Will Poole 114 00
Christopher Yongs Junr 56 00
John Sallmon 26 go
James Lee 10 00
Benin Horton 232 10
Sarah Yongs 72 10
On this list it is written ; " Mr, John Bud
not being at home is lumpt at by ye last year
accopt." The list contains eighty-two names. To
these must be added twenty-five more, for
those cases in which there were more than
one adult male in the family ; and then taking

WEALTHY MEN. 1 87
away two for Mrs. Wells and Mrs. Youngs,
the number of full grown men appears to be
one hundred and five. Most likely a few
were not put into this list.
As to their possessions, let the shilling then
be considered equal to the dollar now, and the
Southold tax list of 1675 compares favorably
with the last one made — that of 1880. Of
the more wealthy men, Richard Brown is tax
ed for ;^37G ; William Hallock, 361 10 ; John
Conklin, 348 ; Barnabas Horton, 305 ; John
Budd, 300. Below these figures we see Ca
leb Horton, 282; Peter Dkkerson, 250;
Richard Benjamin, 247 ; James Reeve, 244 ;
Benjamin Horton, 232 10; Isaac Overton,
232; John Corwin, 228 10; Capt. John
Youngs, 228; Thomas Mapes, Sr., 227 lo;
Nathaniel Terry, 219; Mrs. Mary Wells, 217;
John Tuthill, 206 10 ; and John Swezey, Sr.,
200. Barnabas Horton and four of his sons
are assessed for ^i 188. Ten of the Youngs
es are assessed for ;/^ii 11 IG. According to
this list more of the property in the town be
longed to Barnabas Horton and four of his
sons in 1675 than to all the inhabitants of any
other family name.

PERIOD OF THE MINISTRY OF THE
REV. JOSHUA HOBART— Continued.
1674-1717.

CHAPTER V.
Only six weeks after the ordination arid set
tlement of the second pastor in Southold, the
people here made another earnest effort to
regairi a firrii and permanent tiriioft with the
Colony of Cbnriedlicut, whose charter gave
the freemeri niore desirable privileges and
larger liberties than any other charter granted
by an English Sovereign to an American
Colony. Accordingly, they niet in Town
meeting on the 17th of November, 1674, and
took the adlion of which the following is the
record in Book B, p. 53 :
" Southold, November 17, 1674.
" First. We the inhabitants of sd towne be
ing legally mett together doe unanimously re
solve and owne, that we a^'e at this present
time under the governnierit of his majestys
Colony of Connetticut, and are desirous to

192 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
use all good and lawfull means so to continue.
" Secondly. We doe unanimously voat, and
desire, that all spedy application be made to
the government under which we are, that we
may obtain their counsell and diredlion how
we are to answer the demands of the Honored
Edmund Andres Esquire Governour of New
York. " 3ly. We doe voat & determine, that some
men among us be constituted and appointed
a standing comitty in trust for this Town,
during these transadlions, to manage the af
faires of concern 't to & about our lands and
birth right priviledges, that may be urgent
upon us eyther with Conneticutt our present
government to whom under God we own our
selves indebted for our protedlion & defence,
and also with New York if we shall become
under that government, this town being very
remote which comitty shall have full power to
adl all things that may be to our better inable-
ment for his Majesties service, & to joyne
with a like comitty of South or East Hampton.
"Entd here the day & year above
"Expressed per me Benjamin Yongs Reed
Mr. Joshua Hubard & Mr. Hutchson were
chosen Comittee by & for said Town the
day and year aforesaid,"
Autograph of Benjamin Youngs in 1674,

EAST END SUBMITS. 1 93
We can very well understand the occasion
of these proceedings on the part of Mr. Ho
bart and his people when we call to mind that
the Dutch recovered New York on the 30th
of July, 1673, ^•"•^ thereupon the Towns on
the East End of Long Island asked and ob
tained protedlion from Connedlicut.. But as
soon as the Dutch, on the loth of November,
1674, surrendered New York to the English,
the Duke of York, through his Governor, re-
"quired these Towns to submit themselves
again to his authority. Andros was not back
ward to fulfil his commission in this matter.
For this purpose, he sent hither Sylvester
Salisbury, who subsequently became high
sheriff' of Yorkshire. When he reached
Southold, he called the^ people together, and
gave them the following notice :
"December 10, 1674. Gentlemen:
Know yee, that I am empowered by" ye hon
ored Governer of New "York, to receive the
return of this place into the colony of New
Yorke, and the government thereof, pursuant
to his Majesty's royall graints to his Royall
Highnesse ye Duke of Yorke. Where upon I
doe declare to all, that I doe receive and ac
cept of ye return and surrender of this place
from under ye Collony of Connedlicut, by
whose protedlion they have been secured
17

194 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
irom ye Dutch invasion, unto the obedience
of his Royall Highnesse. As witness my
hand at Southold the day and year above
sayd. Silvester Salisbury."
The contest between the people of South-
old and the Duke's government was an une
qual one, and the result of it is indicated by
a paragraph in a letter of the Duke to his
governor. Major Edmund Andros, dated " St.
James's 6 Aprill 1675," as follows:
" I shall lett you know that I am well sat-
isfyed with your proceedings hitherto and yt
you are in quiet possession of yt place, but
more especially at your condudl in reducing
to obedience those 3 fradlious townes at ye
East end of Long Island," &c. [Brodhead's
Documents, Vol. Ill, p. 231].
The connedlion with New York became
more tolerable after the attainment of a Colo
nial Assembly, which had been long resisted
by the Duke, but which was at length gained
in 1683, when Gov. Dougan succeeded Gov.
Andros. But the desire for union with Con
nedlicut was not dead ; and it revived again
six years later, when the English Revolution
of 1688, the flight of the king, and the conse
quent dissensions in New York between Leis-
}er and his opponents gave hope of restoration
to the New England Colony. Therefore th^

EUROPEAN AFFAIRS. 195
people of Southold in June, 1689, made their
last vain effiort for this end.
Great changes were taking place abroad on
the larger field as well as in the narrow limits
of Southold. London had been terribly af-
flidled by the great plague in 1665, and the
great fire in 1666. The invading Turks, who
were taking possession of the fairest portions
of Europe, had received a check in Hungary
iij 1664, but in 1669 they conquered Candia.
Among the nations of Western Europe, the
English had gained some advantage over the
Dutch upon the sea.
Colbert had raised France to the greatest
height in military power and industrial pros
perity. His financial enterprise and skill both
filled the public treasury and improved the
condition of the people. Spain was humbled.
But the revocation of the Edidl of Nantes,
Odlober 18, 1685, expelled from the country
the best half-million of people that France
contained. They included the most skillful
artisans. England and America received many
of them. They formed twenty-two Protestant
French churches in London alone, and there
were eleven regiments of them speedily enroll
ed in the English army.
England, in the year of the Rev. Joshua

196 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Hobart's ordination and settlement, lost one
of her worthiest sons, greatest statesmen, and
most eminent writers, by the death of John
Milton, But John Dryden and John Locke
had now reached middle life, and Addison was
two years old, Bunyan had come forth from
his twelve years' imprisonment in Bedford
jail ; but it was not till 1678 that his Pilgrim's
Progress came forth from the press and began
a career of immortality among men.
In 1674 Jeremy Taylor had been dead seven^
years ; but Isaac Barrow lived three years af
ter this date, which was the very year wherein
Richard Baxter published his . Method of The
ology, and he lived seventeen years thereafter.
In New England, the first generation were
passing away. As they closed their eyes up
on the work of their hands in the new world,
they saw it prosperous and peaceful. There
were more than fifty thousand people in the
Puritan colonies ; and the founders of these
colonies, who passed into the unseen world
with John Davenport and John Youngs, were
gathered to their fathers, " closing a career of
virtue in the placid calmness of hope, and la
menting nothing so much as that their career
was finished too soon for them to witness the

INDIAN RAVAGES. 1 97
fullness of New England's glory." [Bancroft,
Vol, II, p. 92].
But the first and second years of Mr. Ho
bart's pastorate were years of New England's
adversity. Its prosperity was arrested by In
dian wars. The savages burned villages,
spoiled the frontier towns, tortured and killed
all classes, and pursued the contest with the
bloodiest determination for two years, until
they were thoroughly overcome and King
Philip was dead. The people of New Eng
land lost about 600 men, Who were in the war,
and as many houses, that became fuel for the
flames kindled by the savages. One in twen
ty of the men perished, and one-twentieth of
the families became houseless, while one-tenth
of the property of the whole people would no
more than meet the expense of the war.
Danger from the savages was always a hin
drance and a burden in the early history of
Southold. It was needful, in Mr. Hobart's
day, as well as in previous years, to be ever
vigilant. That the people maintained a care
ful defence appears in such records as this in
1674: " Deacon Barnabas Wines and Richard
Benjamin, Sen,, are frieed from training,
watching and warding."

1 98 HISTORY OF SOUTriOLD.
Both of these persons may have been freed
on account of their office, as well as their age ;
for in the same year that the second pastor
was settled, the people in Town Meeting ap
pointed a grave-digger. They eledled Rich
ard Benjamin, whose home was immediately
west of the church and cemetery, his land in
cluding that now occupied by Richard Car
penter, the present Sexton of the Church, and
Richard S. Sturgis, the present Constable of
the parish, and extending towards the resi-
denice of Deacon Moses C. Cleveland. Mr.
Benjamin was authorized to receive eighteen
pepce for the grave of eSfch adult and twelve
pence for that of each child. See Town Rec
ord's, Book A, p, 162.
In this year Mr. John Elton was chosen
Constable, and Benjamin Youngs, Recorder.

3

WELLS AUTOGRAPH. I99
In the circumstances of the time and place,
the Recorder was the most responsible civil
officer of the Town. The reader will be pleas
ed to see the fac simile of the signature of
William Wells and of Benjamin Youngs. For
the use of the engraving which presents the
handwriting of William Wells,, special and
grateful acknowledgment is due to the au
thor and copyright owners of the scholarly
and elegant volume entitled "William Wells
of Southold and his Descendants." It will be
perceived that the dots are omitted over the
" ij " in the genitive of the word Februarius,
which Mr. Wells wrote " Februarij," and not
February. William Wells, Esq., had been Recorder
until 1662, and from that time Richard Terry
held this important office until the eledlion of
Benjamin Youngs, who filled the place from
1674 until 1687.
In the course of 1675 and 1676 it became
evident, that the people here could- not retain
their union with Connedlicut and enjoy the
advantage of its liberties, the fellowship of its
religion, and the protedlion of its charter and
government. For a long period, they had de
clined to accept a patent confirming the title

200 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
to their lands under the Duke's authority, and
they continued to withhold their submission
until Andros threatened to treat them as en
emies who persistently refused to own the au
thority of their lawful sovereign. Thereupon
they consented to accept a patent, and on the
31st of Odlober, 1676, the Governor gave
them one. It names as the patentees Isaac
Arnold, Justice of the Peace ; Captain John
Youngs ; Joshua Horton, Constable ; and
Barnabas Horton, Benjamin Youngs, Samuel
Glover and Jacob Corey, Overseers of the
Town, These persons received the patent
for themselves and their associates, the free
holders and inhabitants of the Town. The
patentees, in accepting this patent, took care
to exclude from its privileges two classes of
persons : first, those who were only transient
ly here and Had no ownership in the soil — all
who had rights under the patent must be own
ers of land. Another class that they took care
to 'exclude consisted of all those who were
freeholders but not inhabitants. They knew
the evils of the proprietorship of non-resi
dents, and they were careful to guard against
them. Hence they made it sure, by the pat
ent itself, that all who should possess the

PATENT ACCEPTED. 20I
rights and privileges which it granted, must
be not only freeholders, owners of land, but
also dwellers in the Town.
The patentees, by their deed on the 27th
of December, 1676, fulfilled the intention of
the patent, and extended their rights under it
to all the freeholders and inhabitants of the 1
Town. This patent did not avowedly disturb nor
diminish the religious rights and liberties of
the people. They continued to transadl the
business of the Church in the Town Meeting.
Soon after the issue of the patent, they in
creased the Minister's salary to the sum of
;i^io6, and continued to assess and colledl it
as a part of the regular tax upon all the tax
payers of the place on the same principle
that the tax for public schools is now assess
ed and colledled, the Minister being on every
Sabbath and many other times the chief and
most important Teacher of the people of the
Town. In preceding pages it has been said that
the settlement of the Town had become per
manent and so far advanced by the summer
of 1640 that the Indian title was purchased at
that time. This purchase did not cover the

202 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
whole territory afterwards included in the
boundaries of the Town, and hence a second
purchase was made of the Indians in 1649.
This purchase included Cutchogue, Mattituck
and Aquebogue, west of the first purchase.
Subsequently another purchase was efifedled
and the deed was drawn so as to include the
whole territory of the Town. It was written
as follows :
To all people to whom this present writing
shall come, greeting. Know ye, that whereas the
inhabitants of Southold their predecessors or
some of them, have in the right and behalf of
the said Inhabitants and Township, purchased,
procured and paid for, of the Sachems and Indi
ans our Anncestors, all that traft of land situate,
lying and being, at the Eastward end of Long
Island, and bounded with the River called in the
English toung the Weading Kreek, in the Indian
toung Panquaconsuk, on the West, to and with
plum Island on the East, together with the Island
called plum Island, with the Sound called the
North Sea on the North, and with a River or arme
of the sea wch runneth up between Southampton
Land and the aforesaid tra6l of land unto a certain
Kreek which fresh water runneth into on ye South,
called in English the Red Kreek, in Indian Toy-
onge, together with the said Kreek and meadows
belonging thereto, and running on a streight line
from the head of the aforenamed fresh water to
the head of ye Small brook that runneth into the
Kreek called panquaconsuk, as also all necks of
lands, meadows. Islands or broken pieces of mead
ows, rivers, Kreeks, with timber woods, and wood-

INDIAN DEED. 2G3
lands, fishing, fouling, hunting, and all other com
modities whatsoever, unto the said Trafl of land,
and Island belonging or in any wise appertaining,
as Corchaug and Mattatuck and all other Tradls
of land by what names soever named or by
what name soever called ; and whereas the
now Inhabitants of the aforenamed town of South-
old, have given unto us whose names are under
written, being -the true successors of the lawful and
true Indian owners and proprietors of all the
aforesaid trail of land and Isleand, fourty yards of
Trucking cloth, or the wourth of the same, the
receipt whereof and every part of the same we
doe hereby acknowledg, and thereof acquitt and
discharg the Inhabitants their heirs successors or
assigns, and every of them by these presents.
Now these presents witnesseth, that we whose
names are under written, for the consideration
aforementioned, hath given, granted, remised and
confirmed, and doth by these presents, grant, re
mise and confirm unto Capt. John Yongs, Barna
bas Horton and Thomas Mapes, for and in behalf
of the Inhabitants and Township of Southold, and
for the use of the aforesaid Inhabitants, according
to their and every of their severall and perticular
dividends. To have and to hold to them and
their heirs forever, by virtue of the afore recited
bargain, bargains, gifts and grants of what nature
or kind soever, made with our predecessors, we
under written doe confirrne all the aforenamed
Tra6l or trafls of land, contained within the
aforementioned bounds, as also plum Island, with
warranty against us, our heirs, or any of us or
them, or any other person or persons, claime, from
by or under us, them, or any of us or them, as
our, theirs, or any of one or their right, title or
interest, as witness our hands and seals this

2G4

HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.

seventh of December, 1665, in the Seventeenth
yeare of ye reigne of our Soveraigne Lord
Charles, by the grace of God, of England, Scot
land, France and Ireland, King, defender of the
faith, &c. Noroumreg, x his mark,
Washham, x his mark,
Tontowish, x his mark,
Ahambantowack.x his mark.

Ambuscow, x iiis mark,
Hamniatuks, x iiis mark,
Fanckeyuon, x ills mark,
Kaheuminash, x ills mark,
Sowwannous, x iiis mark,
Ounso<jnquat, his mark,
Tiscom, X his mark,
Pancamp, x his mark,

HalchedouS. x his mark,
Hasscgonhock, x his mark,
Passecoquin, x his mark,
Ou.ivuoton, X his mark.

Matvvackeom, x his mark, Patoyiiamhis, x his mark,
Pimsham, x his mark, Secquannut, x his mark,
Kinebounch, x his mark, Meikesump, x his mark,
Aganchu, x his mark, Opscett, x iiis mark,
Antakquasen, x his mark, Panmantanhis, x his mark,
Namlyam, x his mark Keepcombhis, x his mark,
Webinaug, x his mark, Odsay, x his mark,
Quahso, X his mark, Maryack, x his mark,
Winhayten, x his mark, Twones, x his mark,

Jamacasse, x his mark,
Cantnsquan, x his mark,
Anquapine, x his mark.
Chackeason, x his mark,

Tanghus, x his mark,
Sanysond, x his mark,
Posuassuck, x his mark,
Wegotaguati, x his mark,
Munonex, x his mark.
Sealed and delivered in ye presence of us,
BENJAMIN YONGS,
BENONI FLINT.
The following is the text of the Town
Patent :
Edmund Andross, Esq., Seigneur of Sansmares,
Lieut, and Governour Gen'll under His Royal high
nesse James, Duke of Yorke and Albany, and of
all his territory in America.
Whereas there is a certain Towne in the East
Riding of Yorke Shire, upon Long Island, corn-
only called and known by the name of South

INDIAN DEED, 205
Hold, scituate, lying and being on the North side
of the said Island, towards the Sound, haveing a
certain Traft of land thereunto belonging, the
Western bounds whereof extend to a certain
river or Creeke called the Wading Creeke, in the
Indian tongue Panquacunsuck, and bounded to the
Eastward by Plumb Island, together with the said
Island on the North with the Sound or North Sea,
and on the South with an arme of ye Sea, or river
which runneth up between Southampton Land and
the aforesaid Tract of Land, unto a certain Creek
which fresh water runneth into called in English
the Red Creek, by the Indians, Toyongs, together
with the Sd Creek and meadows belonging there
unto, (not contradifling the agreement made be
tween their Towne and the Towne of Southton,
after- their Tryall at ye Assizes,) So running on a
straight line from the head of the aforementioned
fresh water, to the head of the small brook that
runneth into the Creek called Panquacunsuk, in
cluding all the necks of Land and Islands within
the afore described bounds and limitts, now for
a confirmacon unto the present ffreeholders In
habitants of the said Towne and precints.
Know yee that by virtue of his Ma'ties Letters
Pattfents and the Commission and authority unto
me given by his Royal highness, I have Ratifyed,
confirmed and granted, and by these presents do
hereby Ratify, confirme and grant unto Isaack Ar
nold, Justice of the Peace, Capt. John Young, Josh
ua Horton, Constable, Barnabas Horton, Benjamin
Young, Samuel Glover and Jacob Corey, Overseers
as Patentees, for and on the behalf of themselves
and their associates, the ffreeholders and Inhabi
tants of the Sd Towne, their heires, Successors and
Assigns, all that aforemenconed Tra6l of land,
with the necks and Islands within the Sd bounds,
18

206 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
sett forth and described as afores'd, To^.ether
with all Rivers, Lakes, waters, Quarry'es, Timber,
woods, woodland, Plaines, meadows, broaken
pieces of meadows. Pastures, Marshes, ffishing,
hawking, hunting and ffowling, and all other pro-
fifits, commodities, emoluments and hereditaments
to the sd towne, trafl of land and premises, with
in the Limmitts and Bounds aforemenconed, de
scribed, belonging, or in ahy wise appertaining ;
To have and to hold, all and singular the sd lands,
hereditaments and premises, with their and every
of their Appurtenances, and of every part and
parcell thereof to the Sd Patentees and their As
sociates, their heirs. Successors and Assigns, to
the proper use and behoofes of the said Patentees,
their Associates, their heirs. Successors and As
signes forever. The tenure of the Sd Lands and
premises to bee according to the custome of the-
manner of East Greenwich, in the County of
Kent, in England, in free and Common Soccage,
and by fealty onely. Provided, allwayes notwith
standing, That the extent of the Bounds before
recited, do no way prejudice or infringe the par
ticular propriety of any person or persons who
have Right by Patent, or other Lawfull claime to
any part or parcell of land or Tenements within
the Limitts afores'd, onely that all the sd Lands
and Plantacons, within the sd Limitts or Bounds,
shall have relacon to Towne in Generall for the
well government thereof ; and if it shall so hap
pen that any part or parcel of the Sd Lands, with
in the bounds and Limmitts aforedescribed, be not
allready Purchased of the Indyans, it may bee
purchased (as occation) according to Law. I do
hereby likewise confirme and grant unto the Sd
Patentees and their Associates, the heires. Succes
sors and Assignes, all the priviledges and Immuni-

INDIAN DEED. 207
tyes belonging to a Towne within this Governm't
and that the place of their present habitacon and
abode shall continue and retaine the name of
South Hold, by which name and stile it shall be
distinguished and knowne in all bargains and sales,
Deeds, Records and writings. They making im
provement on the Sd land, and conforming them
selves according to law, and yielding and paying
therefore, yearly and every year, unto his Royall
highnesse use as a Quit Rent, one fatt Lamb, unto
such officer or officers there in authority, as shall
be empowered to receive the same. Given under
my hand, and Sealed with the Sea.le of the Prov
ince in New York, the 31st day of Oftober, in the
28th yeare of his Ma'ties Raigne, Anno of Domini,
1676,
E. ANDROSS.
Examined by me,
MATTHIAS NICOLLS, Sec'y.
The deed of confirmation was drawn as follows :
To all Christain people greeting. Know yee
that we ye underwritten, haveing this yeare receiv
ed a patent from Sr Edmond Andross, Knight,
Governor for his Royall Highness the Duke of
York and Albany, and dated at New-York in ye
31 day of Oflober, in ye yeare 1676, in the behalf
of our selves and of all the freeholders Inhabitants
of this Towne, who are therein called Associats,
wherein is conl ained a confirmation of all ye Lands
pertaining to, and now in the possession of the re-
spe6live freeholders of sd towne of Southold, with
all such rights, liberties and properties, as are
more at large iti sd patent contained. All which
freeholders, we doe fully own, admitt and declare
to be our onely associats in sd patent, and no
others, to whom we do hereby give full power to.

208 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
To have and to hold, possess and enjoy, to them
selves, their heirs and assigns for ever, all such
comon rights as are contained in sd patent, and all
such perticular shars and allottments, which are
now in their possessions, as fully, amply and free
ly, as if they and every of them had been therein
named. And in further confirmation of all their
properties, and shares in the premises, to such our
Associats, their heirs forever, we have caused to
be recorded in the page next following, all such
perticular rights, trails, and parcells of Land, as
doe of right appertaine and belong unto them,
their heirs and assigns in sd patent and Township.
In testimony whereof, we the patentees, have
hereunto affixed our hands and seals, in Southold,
ye 27 day of December, in the 28 yeare of the
reigne of our Soveraign Lord, Charles the 2d, of
England, Scotland, France and Ireland, King, de
fender of the faith, Sec, and in ye yeare of our
Lord, 1676.
ISAAC ARNOLD,
JOHN YONGS,
JOSHUA HORTON,
BENJ. YONGS,
SAMUEL GLOVER,
JACOB COREY.
Sealed and delivered in presence of these wit
nesses,
JOHN GARDINEil,
LION GARDINER.
The heirs of the " Freeholders and Inhabi
tants," who held under the foregoing Patent
and Deed of Confirmation subsequently ob
tained the enadlment of the following laws :

LAND LAWS. 2O9
An Aft relative to the comon and undivided
Lands and meadows in Southold, in the County
of Suffolk. Passed the 8th of April, 1796.
I. Whereas the proprietors of the comon and
undivided Lands and meadows in Southold, by
their petition to the Legislature, have requested
Legislative aid, to enable them more advanta
geously to improve their said lands and meadows;
Therefore, Be it ena6led by the people of the state of New-
York, represented in Senate and Assembly : That
it shall and may be lawful for the said proprietors
to meet on the second Tuesday in April next, at
the house of Moses Case in Southold aforesaid,
and annually thereafter on the second Tuesday of
April, at such a place as a majority of them shall
direft, and at every such meeting the said prepri-
etors or a majority of them who shall be present,
may make such prudential rules and regulations
for the better improving and managing their said
common and undivided lands and meadows, as
they shall judge proper ; which rules and regula
tions shall be entered in a book, to be provided
for that purpose by a clerk to be chosen at every
such meeting.
2. And be it further enadled. That the said pro
prietors at every such meeting, may eleft three
Trustees, to have the superintendance and man
agement of their said lands and meadows, accord
ing to such rules and regulations as aforesaid to
be made at such meetings. And be it further en-
afted, That the said trustees, or a majority of
them, or the survivers of them, may sue for and
recover for the use of the said proprietors, all such
penalties as shall be made for the breach of the
said rules and regulations, so to be made as afore
said. Provided always that no penalty for any

ilO HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
one offence shall exceed the sum of three pounds.
And be it further enadled. That the said Trustees
may call a special meeting of the said proprietors,
whenever they shall judge the same to be neces
sary, by advertising the same at three different
meeting houses in Southold aforesaid, six days
previous to the meeting, and the proceedings of
such meeting shall be as good and valid as if they
were done at the annual stated meetings, as afore
said. 3. And be it further enadled, That the votes of
the said proprietors at such meeting as aforesaid,
shall be counted, according to the number of rights
owned by each proprietor who shall vote at such
meeting. An Adl- to amend the adt, entitled " An Adl
relative to the common and undivided lands and
meadows in Southold, in the County of Suffolk,"
passed April 8, 1796. Passed November 26, 1847.
The People of the State of New- York, repre
sented in Senate and Assembly, do enadl as fol
lows :
I. The trustees mentioned in the adl entitled
" an adl relative to the common and undivided
lands and meadows in Southold, in the County of
Suffolk," are authorized and empowered to prose
cute and maintain in their own names, with the
addition of their name of office, adlions of ejedl-
ment for the recovery of the common and undivid
ed land in Southold ; and adlions of trespass for
injuries thereto or entries thereon, and for proper
ty taken therefrom, for the use of the proprietors
of the said land.
2. No suit commenced by said trustees as afore
said, shall be abated or discontinued by the death
of said trustees, or either of them ; but the court
in which such adlion is pending, shall substitute

REV. MR. HOBART S ACTIVITY, 2 1 1
the names of the successors upon the application
of such successors of the adverse party.
3. The said Trustees whose names shall be used
for the prosecution of any such suit, at the time
any judgment shall be rendered therein, s^all be
personally liable for the payment of all costs which
may be recovered against them in such suit ; and
execution for the colledlion thereof may be issued.
Mr, Hobart was prominent in the civil and
industrial interests of the people from the be
ginning of his ministry. He was not only
the chairman of the committee with full pow
er on the political relations of the Town to
Connedlicut and to New York ; but he was
also executor of wills and referee in cases of
disagreement as to transadlions and accounts
in ordinary business. He was adlive in the
introdudlion and establishment of new
branches of manufadlure and the mechanic
arts in the place. [Town Records, Book D,
page 116.] He engaged more or less in the
pradlice of medicine. He seems to have been
the first person to whom the people entrusted
the care of the poor, giving him due compen
sation therefor. See Town Record, Book D,
page 1 1 . During his pastorate the sphere of
religion and of its ministry was eminently
biblical and liberal. It included within its
range every important interest of the people

212 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
for time and for eternity — for earth and for
heaven. Mr. Hobart was a citizen as well as
a Christian, and every thing that concerned
the public or the private welfare of the people
concerned him.
Thus the tide of human life here flowed on
ward. The rights of all were most faithfully
regarded by the people generally, and every
man was expedled to keep in his own place
and to do his duty in it. Advantage or dis-
tindlion was not to be grasped without ability
and merit, nor at the expense of the public
justice or welfare, or in disregard of the rights
of any person.
This respedl for the proper standing and
just claims of all persons most conspicuously
appears in the proceedings of the Town Meet
ing whereof the records are as follows :
"Southold, Feb. ii, 1683-4,
" Voted, that Capt. Youngs and Mr, Isaac
Arnold should have liberty to set up a pue at
the west end of the pulpit for themselves and
families," See Town Records, Book D, page
106, Capt, John Youngs, the eldest son of the
first Pastor, was at this time the most promi
nent and influential citizen in civil affairs on

SEATING THE MEETING HOUSE. 213
Long Island ; and Mr. Arnold in the same re
lations within the limits of Southold was sec
ond to no other than Capt. Youngs. They
were, moreover, nearest neighbors to each
other. It was on these considerations doubt
less that the liberty was granted them to
make for themselves a place of distindlion and
preference in the Meeting House. A few
weeks after the privilege was conferred upon
them, the Town took its usual course to as
sign every other man his proper place and
the record thereof was made as follows :
" Southold, April 3, 1684.
" Chosen Thomas Mapes Senr Mr, Thomas
Moore Senr John Tuthill & Caleb Horton to
seate ye Inhabitance of this Town in ye meet
ing house," See Town Records Book D, p.
107. Another record of special interest in the
history of the Church is this, namely :
" Desimber ye 15th 1684.
"Ther was Then by vote Samuell Youngs
and Thomas Clarke both carpender to vewe
and apprize ye old meeting hous, in order to
make a county prison of said house, and upon
theire return they gave in they valued the
Body of the house at Thirty-five pounds."
" Ye four Seder windows left out of ye new

214 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
meeting house was sold to Jonathan Horton
for three pounds in town payment." Town
Records, Book D, page io8.
These dates fix the time, or at least indi
cate the year, when the first Meeting House
was converted into a County Jail ; when the
second Meeting House was eredled ; and
when the two-story part of the Horton house
was added to the original edifice built soon
after the settlement of the Town by Barnabas
Horton. This addition was made by Jonathan
Horton, youngest son and chief heir of Bar
nabas Horton. This house is on the north
side of the street and faces south. Through
the courtesy of the Messrs. Harper & Broth*
ers an artistic pidlure of this house is repro
duced on the opposite page, from Harpers'
New Monthly Magazine, Vol. 57, No. 341, p.
715, The oldest part is the west end. It is
the east end, the highest part, that was built
in part for the use of the County Court, whose
sessions for many years were held in this
most ancient and pidluresque building. The
Court of Sessions for Suffolk County was
holding its term at Southampton in 1683-4
when it ordered a prison to be construdled in
Southold, The people here with wisdom and

CHANGES OF POPULATION. 2 1 7
thrift turned their old fortification-like Meet
ing House into the required prison, and eredl
ed a new edifice more appropriate for their
public worship and other uses in less warlike
times. See Town Records, Book D, p. 219.
They probably built this on the north side of
the street, nearly opposite the first one, which
had now become a jail. The Third meeting
House, which immediately preceded the pres
ent one, stood on the north side of the street
and opposite the site of the first.
For a few years after the building of the
new meeting house, in 1684, no events of im
portance known to us marked the peaceful
history of the pastor and his flock in their Isl
and home. There were, of course, the cease
less changes of this transient life — one gener
ation was passing away and another generation
coming. Some were seeking new homes in
other places ; and others were fixing their
habitations here. Some of these changes are
indicated by a comparison of the tax-lists of
1675 and 1683.
TheHst of 1683 contains ninety-eight names,
as follows :
Mr. John Budd /350 00 s
Jeremiah Vail Sr, 74 00
19

2l8 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.

John Paipe Jr

40 00

Jasper Griffing

III 00

Henry Case

35 00

Lot Johnson

19 00

Simon Grover

73 00

Nathaniel Moore

46 00

Thomas Moore Sr

49 00

Joseph Youngs

98 00

Samuel Youngs

84 00

Peter Paine

56 00

Christopher Youngs

80 00

Stephen Bailey

103 00

John Bailey

18 00

John Youngs, mariner

58 00

Benjamin Youngs

123 GO

John Salmon

41 00

Mr. John Booth

131 00

John Carwine

131 06

Thomas Prickman

42 00

Jonathan Horton

440 13

Richard Benjamin

133 00

Benjamin Moore

80 10

Jeremiah Vail Jr

103 00

John Hallock

80 00

Abraham Corey

76 00

Ann Elton

']^ 00

Joshua Horton

173 00

Isaac Oventon

100 10

Barnabas "Wines

122 GO

Jacob Corey

92 00

Theophilus Case

1 09 GO

TAX LIST OF 1 68

3-

The widow Terry

97 oo

John Reeve

76 00

Daniel Terry

141 00

Peter Dickerson

121 00

Thomas Dickerson

83 00

Joseph Reeve

65 00

Nathaniel Terry

73 00

William Wells

85 00

Josiah Wells

81 00

Samuel Wines

82 00

Simeon Benjamin

117 00

Gershom Terry

84 00

John Goldsmith

121 00

Thomas Mapes Jr

128 00

Caleb Horto'n

350 00

Benjamin Horton

267 00

William Coleman

78 00

William Reeve

100 00

Thomas Tuston

66 00

Theophilus Curwin

84 00

Thomas Mapes Sr

244 00

James Reeve

228 00

Thomas Terrill

105 00

Peter Aldrich

40 00

Thomas Osman

228 00

William Hillock

236 00

Thomas Hallock

81 00

John Swazey

202 00

Joseph Swazey

99 00

John Franklin

33 00

Thomas Rider

166 00

Jacob Conklin

loi 00

219

220 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.

John Hopson

83 00

John Conklin

321 00

William Hopkins

46 00

John Racket

57 00

Jonathan" Moore

202 00

John Youngs Jr

225 00

Christopher Youngs

44 00

Timothy Martin

57 00

John Wiggins

68 00

Thomas Moore Jr

137 00

Richard Brown Sr )

Richard Brown Jr >

386 00

Jonathan Brown )

John Tuthill Sr

239 00

John Tuthill Jr

99 00

Samuel King

150 00

Abraham Whittier

180 00

Thomas Terry

139 00

Gideon Youngs

173 00

John Paine Sr

94 00

Edward Petty

62 00

John Loring

76 00

Samuel Glover

104 00

Caleb Curtis

108 00

Cornelius Paine

81 00

Richard Howell

q8 00

Thomas Booth

45 00

John Liman

18 00

Ebin'e. Davis

30 00

Richard Edgecomb

18 00

John Booth Jr

18 00

Jonathan Reeve

30 00

ADDITIONAL TAX PAYERS.

221

On the list of 1675 are some twenty names
which do not appear on that of 1683, namely :

Richard Clark
John Corey
Richard Cozens
John Greete
Samuel Grover
Barnabas Horton
John Halloch
Thomas Hutchinson
Walter Jones
James Lee
Thomas Moore Jr

Joseph Mapes
William Poole
William Robinson
Isaac Reeve
Thomas Reeve
John Swezey Jr
Peter Simons
Mrs. Mary Wells
Capt, John Youngs
Sarah Youngs

On the other hand, the list of 1683 con
tains the following names which are not found
in " the estimation " officially attested eight
years earlier, namely:

Peter Aldridge
John Bailey
Richard Brown Jr
Jonathan Brown
Thomas Booth
John Booth Jr
Henry Case
Theophilus Case
Theophilus Corwin-
Thomas Dickerson
Ebenezer Davis
Ann Elton
Richard .Edgecomb

Lot Johnson
John Loring
John Liman
Timothy Martin
Thomas Moore Jr
John Osman
Thomas Prickman
Cornelius Paine
Joseph Reeve
Jonathan Reeve
John Rackett
Joseph Swezey
The widow Terry

222 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Jasper Griffing Gershom Terry
John Goldsmith John Tuthill Jr
Thomas Hallock Jeremiah Vail Jr
John Hopson William Wells
William Hopkins Josiah Wells
Thus it seems that in the course of eight
years the names of twenty-one tax-payers had
disappeared from the list and in the same
time thirty-six had been added. These fadls
make it evident, that in the first part of the
second pastor's ministry, his people were in
creasing at the rate of two families or tax pay
ers a year.
These lists of two hundred years ago indi
cate also that the richer men of the seven
teenth century, to a greater extent than the
poorer ones, have sent dovim their family
names and perpetuated them in the old Town
until the present day ; for instance, those of
Benjamin, Brown, Budd, Conklin,^ Corwin,
Dickerson, Hallock, Horton, Mapes, Overton,
Reeve, Swezey, Terry, Tuthill, Wells, and
Youngs, nearly all, remain here; and these
are all that are assessed for more than two
hundred pounds each in the earliest list ;
while the names of Cozens, Coleman, Lee
and Tusten, together with Johnson, Prickman,

. I JOHN HERBERT. 223
Hopson, Hopkins, Martin, Loring, Liman,
Edgecomb, have, I believe, utterly vanished
away ; and the estates of these latter were
estimated at comparatively small amounts.
In 1697, the people, in their Town Meeting,
appointed four men to agree with John Her
bert upon a price for his house-home-lot, be
ing two acres in Calves' neck, and two lots of
meadow in Cutchogue, and two lots of undi
vided commonage. They agreed for seventy-
five pounds in silver. And on the loth of
November, 1697, it was ordered, that this
house-home-lot land in Calves' neck be and
remain to be for such minister or ministers as
may be chosen and accepted by the major
part of the inhabitants for the future.
This John Herbert was the son of John
Herbert, a shoemaker from Northampton,
England, who probably came to America in
1635, when he was twenty-three years of age.
He was living in Salem, Massachusetts, in
1637, and was there admitted a freeman the
next year. His wife's .name was Mary, and
their daughter Mary was baptized in Salem on
the 29th of March, 1640, and their son John
born on the 15 th of Odlober, 1643. The fam
ily removed to Southold as early as 1652.

224 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
The next year, the father was at New Haven
with Thomas Moore; and he was there in
1655 also, with John Budd and others. He
had business in that place, in this latter year,
about the will of James Haines, to which he
had been a witness in 1652, He is said to
have died in 1655. Letters of administration
were granted to his widow, Mary Herbert,
His estate was appraised on the 5th of Sep
tember, 1658, by William Wells and Thomas
Moore, and the inventory amounted to ^^249
19s, His widow lived at least three years
after the death of her husband, [Moore's
" Indexes,"] The Rev, John Davenport wrote
on the 4th of August, 1658, to the right wor
shipful John Winthrop, and said, among other
things : " Mr Harbert of Southold is so ill at
Manhadoes that there is little if any hope of
his life." See Rev, Dr. Bacon's Historical
Discourses, page 373. If this was -our John
Herbert of the first generation, and there
seems to have' been no other of the name
known to have been here, he must have died
in 1658.
The son John owned land at Orient, " Oys
ter Ponds," in 1665, and gave a quit-claim to
the inhabitants of the Town for several par-

CHURCH TRUSTEES. 225
eels in 1693. In 1699, he delivered deeds for
lands t© Jonathan Paine and Joseph Swezey,
and in 1 700 he gave a deed to John Tuthill
for one hundred acres in Orient. He was
then living in Reading, Massachusetts.
Twelve years later, he sold fifty acres on the
Sound to John Paine. It was in 1699 that he
made the deed for the land whereon the pres
ent church edifice, as well as the parsonage,
now stands. This property and all other
property which the Church was using passed,
of course, into the hands of the Board of
Trustees of the Church when the State of
New York, soon after the close of the Revo-
lutionaty war, on the 6th of April, 1784, in
the seventh session of the Legislature, held in
the city of New York, enadled a law, to ena
ble all the religious denominations in this
State to appoint Trustees, to be a Body Cor
porate, for tbe purpose of taking care of the
temporalities of the respedlive congregations,
and for other purposes therein mentioned.
The preamble of this law recites the thirty-
eighth article of the Constitution of the State,
and declares the duty of Government to en
courage virtue and religion. The first article
of the adl makes it lawful for the male persons

226 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
of full age in the congregations to eledl Trust
ees. The second sedlion prescribes the mode
of eledlion. The third sedlion requires the
officers of the eledlion to file a certificate duly
attested to be recorded by the Clerk of the
County in a book to be kept by him for the
purpose. The fourth sedlion enadls " that
the said persons so to be eledled, returned,
and registered shall be and hereby are declar
ed to be the trustees for the said church,
congregation or society for which they shall
be so chosen, and shall be and hereby are au
thorized and empowered to, take into their
charge, care, custody and possession all the
temporalities belonging to the said church,
congregation or society, for which they shall
be eledled trustees, whether the same consist
of lands, tenements, hereditaments, goods or
chattels, and whether the same shall have
been given, granted or devised diredlly to the
said church, congregation or society, or to any
persons in trust to and for their use ; and al
though such gift, grant or devise may not
have stridlly been agreeable to the rigid rules
of law, or might on stridl construdlion be de
feated by the operation of the statutes of mort
main," This fourth sedlion also enadls that

HON, EZRA l'hOMMEDIEU, 227
the said trustees shall be a body corporate
and " shall lawfully have, hold, use, exercise
and enjoy all and singular the churches, meet
ing houses, parsonages, burying places, and
lands thereunto belonging, with the heredita
ments and appurtenances heretofore by the
said church, congregation or society held, oc
cupied or enjoyed by whatsoever name or
names, person or persons, the same were pur
chased and had, or to them given or granted,
or by them or any of them used and enjoyed
for the uses aforesaid, to them and their suc
cessors, to the sole and only proper use and
benefit of them the said trustees and their
successors forever, in as full, firm and ample
a manner in the law as if the said trustees
had been legally incorporated and made capa
ble in law to take, receive, purchase, have,
hold, use and enjoy the same at and before
the purchasing, taking, receiving and holding
of the said churches, meeting houses, parson
ages, burying places, and lands thereunto be
longing, and lawfully had, held, and enjoyed
the same ; any law, usage, or custom to the
contrary hereof, in any wise notwithstanding,"
This law, it is highly probable, was written
by the Hon, Ezra L'Hommedieu, a member

228 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
of the First Church of Southold, He was the
most prominent member of the church and
the most eminent citizen of the town, and per
haps of the county, at the time. He had rep
resented the Island in the Congress of the
United States as a member from the State of
New York during the course of the Revolu
tionary war, four years from 1779 to 1783 ;
and after the establishment of peace and in
dependence, he deemed it his duty to enter
the Senate of the State and take the chief
place in the Legislature, in order most wisely
to shape the great body of legislation which
the condition of the country and the circum
stances of the time demanded. He was a
member of the State Senate sixteen consecu
tive years, from 1784 lo 1799 except one year
in 1792-3. He bad been a member of all the
Provincial Congresses of New York, including
the Fourth, which framed and adopted at
Kingston the First Constitution of the State,
in the Spring of 1777. He was in 1801 a
member of the celebrated Convention which
was eledled to interpret some of the parts of
the Constitution of the State, and to deter
mine how many members there should be in
each house of the Legislature, He was re-

CHURCH LAWS OF NEW YORK, 229
peatedly a member of the Council of Appoint
ment which had the power until 182 1 to se-
ledl nearly every civil, military and judicial
officer of the Commonwealth. He was the
foremost of all men who had lived all their
life from birth to death in Southold, From
1787 till his death, Sebtember 28, 181 1,
he was a Recent of the State University. He
did much to give prominence to Gen, William
Floyd, whose sister was his wife. As the
Chairman of the Judiciary Committee of the
Senate, he wrote many of the laws which were
enadled by the Legislature, after the establish
ment of peace, when the State of New York
began the most magnificent career of en
terprise and prosperity under the operation of
these laws. Among the most beneficent of
these wise and salutary enadlments was this
statute for the eledlion of Trustees of Church
es, According to the power and diredlions
of this general law, the First Church of South-
old was the earliest in Suffolk County — the
earliest on Long Island also — to eledl its trus
tees and file its certificate of incorporation,*
* Flatbush elefled Trustees of its Reformed Dutch
' Church, July 31, 1784. Furman's, " Antiquities of Long
Island," pp, 125, 126.
29

230 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
See Book A of Certificates of Religious Cor
porations, page I, in the County Clerk's of
fice for the first certificate recorded as follows,
namely :
" We, William Horton and Freegift Wells,
the Deacons of the First Church, Congrega
tion or Society in Southold, do by these pres
ents certify, that on Tuesday the twenty-ninth
day of June at two o'clock in the afternoon
of the same day an eledlion was held at the
meeting house of the said first congregation
or society in Southold for the purpose of
choosing Trustees for taking the charge of
the estate and property belonging to the said
congregation agreeably to an Adl of the Leg
islature passed the sixth of April 1784 enti
tled ' an Adl to enable all religious Denomin
ations in this State to appoint Trustees,' &c.
Which said meeting holding the said eledlion
being duly notified at the said time and place,
the eledlors present qualified to vote by a
majority of voices did eledl Deacon Freegift
Wells, Jared Landon, Esquire, and Major
Joshua Goldsmith, Trustees of the Temporal
ities of the first congregation or society in
Southold "That immediately after the said eledlion the
said Trustees were divided by Lott into three
classes, and the seat of Jared Landon, Esquire,
being- the first class, becomes vacant at the
expiration of the first year ; the seat of Major

CHURCH TRUSTEES. 23 I
Joshua Goldsmith being the second class be
comes vacant at the expiration of the second
year ; and the seat of Deacon Wells being the
third class becomes vacant at the expiration
of the third year,
" That there being no. elders or church war
dens belonging to the said congregation, we
the above named William Horton and Free-
gift Wells, Deacons as aforesaid, presided at
the said eledlion and are the returning officers
thereof as diredled by the said adl.
William Horton.
Freegift Wells."
"Southold, June 29, 1784.
Suffolk County; ss.
" Personally appeared before me Thomas
Youngs, Esquire, one of the Judges of the
Inferior Court of Common Pleas in and for
the said County, William Horton and Free-
gift Wells, Deacons of the First Church, Con
gregation or Society in Southold, and acknowl
edged the within certificate to be their adl
aiid deed, and I having examined the same
do allow it to be recorded.
" Attest : Thomas Youngs, Judge.
" Recorded the 4th of April 1785.
E. L'Hommedieu, Clk."
Our worthy church-member who probably
wrote the law for the appointment of Trustees,
most likely wrote also the certificate of the

232 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
eledlion of the Trustees of Southold, as well
as recorded it. He was the Clerk of Suffolk
County for twenty-seven consecutive years
from 1 784 to 1 8 1 1 , except the year 1 8 10. The
Judge who attested the certificate of the elec
tion of the trustees was also a member of the
Southold congregation. Major Joshua Gold
smith succeeded Freegift Wells in the office
of Deacon on the death of the latter.
It is the distindlive quality of a corporation
that it never dies, and so the Board of Trust
ees have continued uninterruptedly for nearly
an hundred years past to hold and use accord
ing to law and justice all the property of every
kind that was in the possession and use of
the Church, or had been purchased or given
for its support or benefit, at the time when
the law of the State required them to take
the said property into their hands ; and so in
due season the church edifice and parsonage
were built on the land purchased from Her
bert for religious purposes.
The increase of the people, or some other
motive, caused them in 1699 to build a gallery
in the west end of the Meeting House ; and
the next year, they built one in the east end.
See Town Records, Book D, pp, 9, 113,

CHURCH BILLS. 233
The bill for the latter is found in the Town
Records thus in D. 5 :
" The Town of Southold Dr.
To Samuel Clarke for
building ye gallere ^15 los
Received of Samuel Clarke for boards
and nails left of ye gallere ^00-04
Paid Jacob Conklin for banesters ;^ 1-05-00
Samuel Conklin for bringing
ye banesters 0-06-09
Joshua Wells for carting
timber for ye gallere, nine shillings,"
Other expenses at this period are made
known by these bills, namely :
" Paid Seargeant John Corwin £5 for sweep
ing the Meeting House the year 1790."
[Town Records, Book D, p. 9.]
" 1701, Hannah Corwin, sweeping Meeting
House and tending with ye Baptissm bason
^2-01-08." " 1702. The same."
The year 1701 was marked by a transac
tion whose causes are not distindlly indicated.
This was the Pastor's sale of his home to the
people — the same home which they had con
veyed to him on condition of his settlement
as their pastor twenty-seven years previously.
Why he wished to sell, or they wished to pur
chase, at this time, can only be inferred from

i$4 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
the known fadls in the case. He did not be
gin his ministry until he was forty-five years
old, and had nearly reached the period of life
in which many congregations at the present
day are inclined to deem a minister too aged
to continue in the pastoral work. He had
been the pastor nearly twenty-seven years in
1 70 1, and had two years previously reached
his three score and ten years. It was not to
be expedled that he would be able to cultivate
bis farm and also perform his ministerial du-
tfies without embarrassment for a much longer
period. It evidently seemed desirable to the
people that he should be relieved from the
care and labor and business of his farm, and
continue his pastoral adlivity in his extreme
old age free from this burden. They seem to
have always most thoroughly considered his
wants, esteemed his ministerial charadler, and
appreciated his pastoral services. Though
he had passed beyond the Psalmist's line of
three score years and ten, they sustained him
in his old age with all the more tenderness,
and with the reverence due to the hoary head
that is in the way of righteousness. They ac
cordingly bought his dwelling and the farm '
on which it stood, and determined that it

CORNBURY. 235
should be perpetually the parsonage for him
self and his successors, and so it proved to be
for nearly an hundred years. They raised
the money to pay for it in the same way that
they assessed and colledled taxes for other
public uses.
The next year, they gave it ' the repairs
which more than a quarter of a century's dur
ation and use had caused it to need.
For some years from this date, it was nec
essary for the people of Southold to adl with
caution. A new Governor reached New York
in May, 1702. This was Edward Hyde, Lord
Cornbury, eldest son of the Earl of Claren
don. He was a reckless adventurer, without
¦principle or virtue, who had fled from his na
tive country to avoid his creditors. He was
eager to gain wealth from his office, and cared
nothing for justice. He received many in
strudlions from his cousin, Queen Anne ; but
he was careful to follow those only that suited
his own inclinations. He was diredled among
other things to tolerate all. forms of religion,
but to do his utmost to make the Church of
England tbe Established Church of his Prov
inces. In the Province of New York previous
to 1699 the Church of England had but one

2 3,6 HISTORV OF SOUTHOLD.
minister except the chaplains of the nlilitary
forces, and in the Province of New Jersey not
one. Trinity Church in New York city was
built in 1696-7, under the Governorship of
Benjamin Fletcher, who arrived in New York
in 1692, and who had two chief objedls in
view, namely : the promotion of his own per
sonal interests and especially the increase of
his wealth, and secondly, the introdudlion of
the English Church into the Province. In
1693 he induced the Assembly to pass an adl
providing for the building of a church in the
city of New York, another in Richmond, two
in Westchester, and two in Suffolk, and the
settlement of a Protestant minister in each of
those churches with a salary that might
range from forty to an hundred pounds — the
whole expen.se to be paid by a tax laid on all
the inhabitants. Provision was also made for
the division of all the province into parishes.
The Governor restridled the word Protestant
and wrested it to mean Episcopal, and under
this adl the building of Trinity Church was
begun in 1696 and was opened for public wor
ship February 6, 1697. The minister was the
Rev. William Vesey, who had been an Inde
pendent minister in Queens county, and who

THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 237
never had a very desirable reputation ; but
he succeeded in 1 703 in obtaining for this
church a gift of the King's farm, which laid
the foundation of the millions of wealth now
belonging to Trinity church. He complained
in 1699 of the discomforts of his new situa
tion. He did not find the favor with the Gov
ernors Bellamont and Hunter that he desired,
and the former described him "as capable of
any wickedness, base, unchristian ; his wick
edness is plain ; he wants honest}^" He was
not the only Episcopal minister in the Prov
ince when Lord Cornbury became Governor
in 1702. There were also two others, Messrs
Stuart and Barton. It was with these three
Episcopal ministers only in the Province that
the Governor determined and attempted to
establish the Episcopal Church as the State
Church, Soon after he came from England
a terrible disease (probably yellow fever) was
brought to New York from St. Thomas, West
Indies. It spread rapidly, and proved fatal
in nearly every case. The inhabitants of the
city fled in every diredlion, and especially to
Long Island. The Governor and his Council
sought to escape the pestilence by fleeing to
Jamaica. This was a prosperous village of

238 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Presbyterians. They had recently built a
beautiful Church and had bought a house and
glebe for their minister. There were more
than one hundred families of them, " exem
plary for all Christian knowledge and good
ness." Their Church was worth six hundred
pounds, and the manse and glebe twice as
valuable. Indeed, the manse was the best
house in the village.. The minister was the
Rev. John Hubbard, a native of Ipswich,
Massachusetts, who graduated at Harvard in
1695. When he heard of the Governor's
coming, he removed to a smaller dwelling,
and offered the use of the parsonage to Lord
Cornbury, who accepted the hospitality and
repaid it in a very peculiar way, namely : by
turning the pastor and his flock out of the
Church and handing it over to an Episcopal ,
minister named Barton. Nor was this all.
For when the Governor returned to New
York, he put the Episcopal minister into pos
session of the parsonage also, which was oc
cupied, thenceforth, as his residence ; and the
Presbyterians had to carry on a law-suit for
twenty years before they recovered the pos
session and use of their Church, Cornbury
also ordered the Sheriff unlawfully to take the

PRESBYTERIANS IMPR'iSONED. ^$g
parsonage-land away from Mr. Hubbard; to
divide it into lots ; and to lease it for the ben
efit of the Episcopalians. This was done,
and its owners deemed it too dangerous even
to ask for the redress of their wrongs. This
was the same Lord Cornbury who imprisoned
for two months the Rev. Messrs. HampJ:on
and Makemie, two Presbyterian ministers, for
preaching in New York city and in Newtown,
After living for years in the most shameless
profligacy, he was at length deprived of his
governorship by his kinswoman. Queen Anne.
His creditors immediately seized him and
kept him in prison in the City Hall on Wall'
Street, until the death of his father raised him
from his cell to the peerage of Great Britain,
and gave him a seat in the House of Lords,
During this Governor's administration, the
Rev. Mr, Hobart and his puritan people in
Southold had to walk softly ; and we find
nothing here to chronicle in those years. ?
On the arrival of Governor Hunter, a
Scotchman, aff'airs assumed a different aspedl
in New York city, and throughout the prov
ince. The people of Southold seem to have
improved it to build a new meeting house ;
but the new strudlure, however satisfadlory in

240 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
most respedls, did not please the people in
the pitch of its roof. Hence they voted, in
171 1, to take it down and build "a flatter
roof upon the Meeting House ; " and in the
following year, order was taken to seat the
people in this house according to rank, digni-
tyi official duties, and other considerations,
[Town Records, Book D, page 11 7. J
For more than three score and ten years
now the people of the town had been spread
ing abroad, and especially eastward and west
ward, from the meeting house. Some of
them were more than ten miles away from it
in one diredlion, and others were equally dis
tant in the opposite quarter. The minister
was midway between eighty and ninety years
of age. The people were increasing in num
ber and in wealth, as well as in the occupation
of the soil in the parts of the town remote
from the centre. Both in the east and the
•west, there began to be indications of a de
sire for public worship at points nearer than
the site of the original settlement. The sup
ply of rninisters was also increasing. In the
creation of this supply, Yale was now effedl
ively supplementing the good work of Har
vard, In 1702, the only graduate of the Coo-

NEW CHURCHES IN SOUTHOLD. 24 1
nedlicut College became a minister. The
case was the same in 1703. Ten of the
twelve graduates of the next three years be
came ministers, including Jonathan Dickinson,
the first President of the College of New Jer
sey, while the class of 1 709 yielded five cler
gymen, including Benjamin Woolsey, who
eleven years later became the third pastor of
Southold ; and all the graduates of the years
1713, 1715, 1716, and 1717 became ministers.
The class of 1715 included Nathaniel Mather,
who was afterwards settled at Aquebogue,
within the limits of this town, and the class of
1 717, Joseph Lamb, who became the pastor
of Mattituck, which is also in the Town of
Southold, In these circumstances, it is not surprising
that James Reeve, about the year 17 15, gave
half an acre at Mattituck for the site of a
meeting house, and one acre and a half ad
joining for a burying ground ; and here the
Rev. Joseph Lamb was ordained the minister
soon after his graduation from Yale College
in 1717.
On the first day of January 17 18 — not in
1700, as Griffin says — David Youngs gave a
deed for the site of a meeting house at Orient,
?i

242 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
"Oyster Ponds," on which an edifice was
eredled in that and the following years.
[Town Records, Book C, p. 67. Gardner's
Historical Sketch of the Church, page 21.]
It was in the midst of these changes that
the Rev. Joshua Hobart closed his long life
and ministry on the last day of the winter,
p-ebruary 28, 171 7.
Ten years later, the Town voted that a
tomb-stone be purchased to mark his grave
and honor his name. In the pecuniary ac
counts of the Town, with the date of Odlober
31, 1732, appears the bill against the Town
for " the Building Mr, Hobart's tomb with
stone lime & tendence i6s i id," [Town Rec
ords, Book " Righteous & Holy."]
The lime commonly used here, in that day,
was obtained by burning the shells of oysters,
scallops and other sea-fish ; and a charadler-
istic specimen of the mortar made with it may
now be seen beneath the tomb-stone of Col.
John Youngs, the eldest and most eminent
son of the first pastor and the friend and con
temporary of Mr. Hobart.
These .tomb-stones are heavy horizontal
slabs of sandstone. The inscription on Col.
Youngs's is still legible. That of the second

SECOND PASTORS TOMB STONE, 243
pastor's was on a tablet which was set into the
upper surface of the stone. The tradition is,
that this tablet was destroyed by the British
during the war of Independence, There are
two branches of the tradition — one, that the
inscription was cut upon a tablet of lead,
which the British troops took for military
uses; the other, that the material was mar
ble, which was ruthlessly broken and destroy
ed by them. The former seems the more
probable ; for there are, in thp oldest part of
the grave yard, several other tomb-stones
from which the inscription-tablets are gone.
After full twenty years of diligent search
for a copy of the inscription on Mr, Hobart's
tomb-stone, I was providentially able to ob
tain one which is well attested. It is partly
in prose, and partly poetic. The latter part
was written by Mather Byles, A, M., and it
may be proper to say a word here in respedl
to the author.
He was born in Boston, March 26, 1706, of
good parentage, his mother being a descend
ant of John Cotton and Richard Mather. He
was graduated at Harvard College^ in 1725,
two years before Southold ordered the tomb
stone for Mr. Hobart and seven years before

244 history of southold.
the Town paid for building the tomb. He
became the first pastor of the Hollis Street
Church, in Boston, when he was ordained
Dec. 26, 1733. The College of Aberdeen,
Scotland, made him D,D, in 1765. Early in
his ministry, he became widely known as a
poet, a wit and a preacher, Alexander Pope,
Lord Lansdown and Rev. Dr. Isaac Watts
were among his correspondents in England.
The inscription was this :
"the rev. joshu*. hobart,
born at hingham july 1629,
EXPIRED IN SOUTHOLD FEB. 28th I716.
He was a faithful minister, a skillful physician, a gen
eral scholar, a courageous patriot, and to crown all an
eminent Christian.
Beneath the sacred honors of this tomb.
In pensive silence and majestic gloom,
The man of God conceals his reverend head
Amidst the awful mansions of the dead.
No more the statesman shall assert the laws
And in the Senate plead his country's cause :
In the sad Church no more the listening throng
Gaze on his eyes and dwell upon his tongue :
No more his healing hand shall health restore,
Elude the grave and baffle death no more.
In Eden's flowery vales his spirit roves
Where streams of life roll through the immortal groves.
Fixed in deep slumbers here the dust is given
Till the last trumpet shakes the frame of heaven.
Then new to life the waking saint shall rise,

SECOND PASTORS WIFE, 245
And gay in glory, glitter up the skies.
,With smiling joys and heavenly raptures crowned,
Bid^ndless ages wheel their never ceasing round."
His wife's grave is beside his own, and cov
ered with a monument in every respedl sim
ilar, except that the inscription is cut into the
stone itself. She died nineteen years earlier
than his own death, the date of her decease
being April 19, 1698, and her age fifty-six
years. It has not been possible to trace their de
scendants. Irene married Daniel Way of
Southold, but this family name here has long
since: disappeared.

PART III.

PERIOD OF THE MINISTRY OF THE
REV. BENJAMIN WOOLSEY.
1720-1736.

CHAPTER VI.
The third Pastor was the Rev. Benjamin
Woolsey. Here again maj'^ be seen the inti
mate relation between this old Church and
Town on the one hand and Yarmouth and its
neighborhood in England on the other ; for
the grandfather of our third Pastor was
George Woolsey, born in Yarmouth, Odlober
27, 1 6 10. The place of his birth is the most
eastern borough of England. The peninsula
on which Great Yarmouth is built is remarka
ble for its peculiar geological formation ; for
it is the bed of a former estuary. The place
is also note-worthy for its antiquities, its
quay, and its fisheries. Its Church of Saint
Nicholas [Santa Claus] was founded eight
hundred years ago. Its quay extends for a
mile north and south on the east or left bank
of the Yare, and parallel, to the sbore of the

250 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
sea, so that the streets of Great Yarmouth
which run east and west stretch across the
peninsula from the broad waters of, the Yare
. on the west to the far broader waters of the
North Sea on the east.
George Woolsey was a son of the Rev.
Benjamin Woolsey and a grandson of Thomas
Woolsey of. Yarmouth. It appears from the
investigations of Charles B. Moore, Esq., that
he had resided with his parents in the city of
Rotterdam, in Holland, and that his father
was for a time a minister in that city, where
he had been preceded by another clergyman,
previously of Yarmouth, the Rev. Dr. William
Ames. This celebrated minister was born in
Norfolk county, England, in 1576. He was
educated^ in Christ's College at the University
of Cambridge. His religious principles and
life made him the objedl of persecution and
compelled him to leave the University. He
left his native country also, and removed to
the Hague, the capital of Holland. He be
came the Professor of Theology in the Uni
versity of Franeker in Friesland, and perform
ed the duties of his office satisfadlorily for
twelve years. He then removed to Rotter
dam, aild became a pastor in that great com-

REV. DR. AMEl 25 1
mercial city, where he had very many English
hearers, and lived until his death in 1633.
The Rev, Hugh Peters, afterwards of Salem,
Massachusetts, and the Rev. Thomas Hooker,
the founder of Hartford, Connedlicut, were
some time his assistant ministers. He was
an able and spirited controversial writer
against Cardinal Bellarmine and others. His
Medulla Theologies was famous in its day.
He was a member of the celebrated Synod of
Dordrecht, which held its memorable sessions*
in the year 16 18-9, and defined the faith of
the , Reformed Dutch Church on the five
points of eledlion, redemption, depravity, ir
resistible grace, and perseverence in the
Christian life. In this Synod there were rep
resentatives of the English church and of other
Reformed communions, and it settled the doc
trine and order of the Church in the Nether
lands as well as in the numerous and popu
lous colonies thereof.
After the death, of the Rev. Dr. Ames, his
widow with his daughter and his two sons re
turned to Yarmouth, whence they sailed in
May, 1637, on board the Mary Anne, for Sa
lem in New England. Mr. Moore holds that
this vessel probably'brought over at that time

25^ HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
the family of the Rev. John Youngs, our fir^-
Pastor, and that it was with reference to the
voyage of the Mary Anne that the Commis
sioners of Emigration examined the Rev.
John Youngs, his wife Joan, and their six
children and forbade his passage.
It is very likely that the Rev. Mr. Youngs:
himself crossed over the North Sea to Hol
land and from that country came to America.
It is believed that George Woolsey came
over in a Dutch vessel with Dutch emigrants-
in 1623, during his thirteenth year, and went
to Plymouth in New England. It is to be
remembered, that the pilot or navigator, of
the Mayflower was a Hollander, or Dutchman,
and that the Mayflower company desired and.
intended, when they left the harbor at the
mouth of the Ply in England, to make their
home in America near their Dutch friends on
Manhattan Island. Most of them had been
intimate with the Dutch in Holland, and were
grateful for the protedlion and freedom which
had been granted to them in that country.
George Woolsey became a resident of the
Dutch metropolis at the mouth of the Hud
son, and a trader in partnership with Isaac
AUerton, who had come to Plymouth in the

GEORGE WOOLSEY. 253
Mayflower three years earlier than himself.
He was a witness before the Governor and
Council on the 23d of July, 1647, ^^^ gave
his testimony on a charge afifedling the char
adler and official condudl of the chief financial
officer of the colony. On the loth of August,
1647, he bought of Thomas Robertson a
house and plantation in Flushing, L. I. On
the 9th of December, in the same year, he
was married at the Dutch Church in New
York to Rebekah Cornell, a sister of Sarah
Cornell, whose first husband was Thomas
Willett, formerly of Bristol, England, and
whose second husband was Charles Bridges,
of New York city. George and Rebekah
(Cornell) Woolsey had a daughter Sarah,
who was baptized at the Reformed Dutch
Church, New York, August 7, 1650. Their
son George, born Odlober 10, 1652, received
baptism three days later, one of the sponsors
being Elsje, i. e., Alice Newton, wife of Gov
ernor Stuyvesant's celebrated military officer,
Captain Bryan Newton, who became one of
the patentees of the Town of Jamaica, Long
Island, where George Woolsey, Jr., became a
prominent citizen, and where in 1680 he made
an arrangement with Captain and Mrs, New-
22

254 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
ton to care for them in their old age and to
own their land after their death. See Charles
B. Moore's Bryan Newton in New York, G.
and B. Record, July, 1876.
In 1648, George Woolsey and three others
were appointed fire-wardens of the city of
New York, with large powers of inspedlion
and control. See Booth's New York, p. 133.
He became the owner of land at Jamaica by
deed from the Town, February 15, 1664. He
was one of the Patentees, and, as one of its
first settlers, this was probably the place of
his residence for more than thirty years. He
was chosen Town Clerk in 1673, and his hand
writing is plainly legible in the Town Records.
He made his will on tbe 2nd of November,
1 69 1, and died August 17, 1698, being nearly
eighty-eight years of age. The proof of his
will was made on the 22d of February, 1699,
and the record of it is in the Queens County
Records, Vol. A, p. 132, He bequeathed to
his eldest son, George, his land at Beaver Pond,
to his son Thomas fifteen acres on the west
of the home-lot of Anton Waters, to his son
John thirty acres by the Little Plains, an out
fit to his daughter Mary on her marriage or
when she attains the age of eighteen years,

New JERSEY WOOLSEYS. ^55
and the rest of his estate to his wife Rebekah.
At her decease, the lands and tenements in
her use to be equally divided to his three sons,
and tbe goods and chattels to his three daugh
ters Sarah (Hallett) , Rebekah (Wiggins) , and
Mary Woolsey. When he died, his grandson
Benjamin Woolsey, our third Pastor, was in
his eleventh year.
His son George Woolsey, Jr., became a
prominent citizen of Jamaica. He was made
Captain in 1696. His wife's name was Han
nah. They had two sons — George and Ben
jamin — named after their paternal ancestors.
George Woolsey, the elder of these sons,
was born in New York, Odlober 10, 1682,
and removed in bis early manhood, between
1700 and 1 7 10, from Jamaica to Pennington,
New Jersey, where he bought two hundred
and eighteen acres of good land, which he
made his homestead. He died before March
II, 1762, when his will was proved. See the
Rev. Dr. George Hale's History of the First
Presbyterian Church of Pennington. His de
scendants have been eminent generally for
their religious charadler and moral worth.
His homestead has never ceased to be the
home of his male descendants, and is now

256 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
(1876) the homestead of his great-grand-son,
George Woolsey, a Deacon of the First Pres
byterian Church of Pennington, who was for
three years a senator of the State of New
Jersey, and whose son, Theodore Freling-
buysen Woolsey, with his wife and six chil
dren, lives on the homestead with his aged
father. Benjamin, the second son of Captain George
Woolsey, Jr., and his wife Hannah, was born
at Jamaica, November 19, 1687. They sold
to this son in 1722, while he was our third
Pastor, the land at Beaver Pond, Jamaica, on
which they were then living, for three hundred
pounds sterling.
After the removal of our pastor to Dosoris
in 1 736,, his aged father lived with him, and
died there, January 19, 1 740-1, where his
tomb is to be found to this day.
The Rev. Benjamin Woolsey was graduated
at Yale College in the class of 1 709, midway
between the origin of the College and its re
moval from Saybrook to New Haven. His
class numbered nine graduates, and in respedl
to social standing, which was the principle of
arrangement in the Catalogue at that time, he
held the central place in the class. Yale had

REV. MR. WOOLSEY. , 25/
graduated seven classes previous to the grad
uation of Mr; Woolsey's ; and according to
tbe latest General Catalogue of the College, .
these seven classes numbered altogether
twenty-two graduates ; of whom eighteen be
came ministers. The first sixteen classes of
Yale numbered sixty-one graduates, and all of
them became ministers except fourteen. The
graduates of this College in those years be
came ministers in nearly as large a proportion
as the graduates of the best Theological Sem
inaries do now.
This shows the charadler of Mr. Woolsey's
fellow students and associates in College.
He had attained his twenty-second year when
he was graduated, and five years later he was
married to Abigail Taylor, a daughter of John
Taylor of Oyster Bay, Long Island, and of
Mary (Whitehead) Taylor. John Taylor died
in 1735, and left to Mrs. Woolsey a valuable
estate of several hundred acres near Glen
Cove. Soon after his graduation at Yale College,
Mr. Woolsey began the work of the ministry
and preached in several places. One instance
of his preaching became famous. This occur
red while he was visiting his elder brother,

25-8 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
George, in Hopewell, now Pennington, New
Jersey, where, as we have seen, the Woolseys
were, as they have been from the beginning
and are now, among the most worthy, pious,
and influential people. He preached in the
Episcopal church in Hopewell, and his being
allowed to do this was one of the charges of
wrong doing brought in 1712 against Gov
ernor Hunter by the Rev. Jacob Henderson,
an Irishman, who had been sent to this coun
try in 1 7 10 by the Church of England Socie
ty for the propagation of the Gospel in For
eign Parts. The controversy between Gov
ernor Hunter and the Episcopal ministers who
supported his administration in religious af
fairs on the one side, and on the other side
the ministers of the same denomination who
opposed his proceedings, was sharp and bit
ter, each flatly contradidling the other's state
ments. See Documentary History of New
York ; documents pertaining to the Colonial
History of this State ; Webster's History of
the Presbyterian Church, page 353 ; Sprague's
Annals of the American Pulpit, Vol. 5, p. 34.
But whatever the consequences of his minis
try to himself or to others, Mr, Woolsey did
not cease to preach the gospel. On the con-

PASTORS AUTOGRAPH. 259
trary,. he proclaimed the divine word when
ever he was providentially called to utter Lt
as the minister of Jesus Christ. In this way
it came to pass that he was installed the Pas
tor of the First Church of Southold in July,
1720-.

'^•¦•^^

Autograpli of the Rev. Benjamin Woolsey in ifzV.
Here he fulfilled the duties of his office for
sixteen years. He had the satisfadlion of see
ing the intelledlual and spiritual life of the
Church and Town flourish under bis ministry.
Among the fruits of this life was the pro-
dudlion of several pious and aspiring young
men who were an honor to their native place
and a benefit to other parts of the country in
which they lived during their later years.
Abner Reeve, a son of Thomas Reeve, was
born in Southold in 17 10. He acquired a
liberal education. Having finished the course
of studies in Yale College, he was graduated
in the class of 1731, when he was twenty-one
years of age. He studied theology three or
four years, and was licensed in Southold to

26o HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
preach the gospel, in 1735. He settled in
the same year at Nesaquake in Smithtown.
He was the first minister who ever resided in
that town. His disposition was amiable and
bis scholarship excellent ; but bis habits wete
somewhat eccentric, and the social customs of
the times led him into the intemperate use of
strong drink, so that he was for a time laid
aside from the ministry, after he had served
as a licensed preacher at Smithtown, Fire
Place, and Huntington for ten or twelve years.
He returned to his native place in Southold,
and here, under the faithful ministry of our
fifth pastor, the Rev. William Throop, he was
restored to sobriety and the life of godliness.
The people of Moriches and Ketchabonnach
obtained his services, and on the sixth of No
vember, 1755, the Presbytery of Suffolk, in
"the Western Meeting House," organized
the church of Moriches and ordained and in
stalled him as its Pastor. At his request, the
Rev. William Throop, of Southold, was invited
to preach the sermon ; and accordingly Mr.
Throop preached from this text, I. Cor 9: 27.
" But I keep under my body, and bring it into
subjedlion: lest that by any means when I

REV. ABNER REEVE. 26 1
have preached to others, I myself should be a
castaway." Mr. Reeve was the Pastor of Moriches for
eight years. Having been dismissed in 1763,
he settled in Blooming Grove, Orange Coun
ty, New York. He withdrew from the Pres
bytery of New York in 1770, and afterwards
became the minister of Burlington, Vermont,
where he remained until his death, in 1795, at
the age of eighty-five years.
The Rev. Ezra Reeve was the eldest son of
the Rev. Abner Reeve, and was born in 1733,
and honors the Town of Southold, the place
of his birth. He prepared for College in his
boyhood and having finished the regular
course he was graduated at Yale in 1757, be
ing in the same class with the eminent Judge
and United States Senator John Sloss Hobart
and the famous Gov. Edmund Fanning, who
was a Southold man. Mr. Reeve was ordain
ed and installed the first Pastor of Holland,
Hampden county, Massachusetts, September
13, 1765, the year that the Church was organ
ized. He fulfilled his ministry faithfully, and
died there April 25, 181 8, aged eighty-five
years. The Rev. Abner Reeve's wife was Mary

262 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Topping ; and one of their sons was named
after her family ; but in his case. Tapping has
become the established spelling. It was
while his parents lived at Fire Place, in the
Town of Brook Haven, that Tapping Reeve
was born in Odlober 1744. He prepared for
College, studied in Princeton, and was grad
uated in 1763, the same year that his father
was released from the pastoral care of Mo
riches. While he was in Princeton, he form
ed an acquanitance with the only daughter of
the President of the. College, the Rev. Aaron
Burr, and in due season, be married her.
She was a grand-daughter of Jonathan Ed
wards, the father-in-law and successor of Mr.
Burr as President of the College of New Jer
sey, and her only brother was the third Vice
President of the United States.
Tapping Reeve settled in Litchfield, Con
nedlicut; founded the celebrated Law School
of that place ; and became the Chief Justice
of the State. He was the head of the School
for nearly forty years, and taught a larger
number of the most eminent lawyers in the
United States than any man of his own gener
ation or of any previous age. On his death,
Dec, 13, 1823, his pastor, the Rev, Dr, Ly-

REV, SIMON HORTON, 263
man Beecher, said of him : " I have never
known a man who loved so many persons
and was himself beloved by so many." He
was the first lawyer of prominence in this
country who labored to make a change in the
laws controlling the property of married
women. Another of the boys who grew up under
Mr. Woolsey's ministry was Simon Horton.
His parents were Joshua Horton, Ensign,
and Eliza or Elizabeth (Grover) Horton.
His mother was a daughter of Simon Gro
ver, whose wife was Elizabeth, daughter of
Thomas Moore. Joshua Horton, Ensign,
was a son of Joshua Horton son of the orig
inal Barnabas.
Simon Horton was born March 30, 171 1.
'According to the tradition of the family, both
himself and his second cousin, the Rev, Aza
riah Horton, were born in the dwelling of
their great-grandfather, the old Barnabas
Horton house, which is still (1876) occupied,
though more than two hundred and thirty
years old,* He was graduated at Yale in the
*Torn down in Oiflober and November, 1878. The
new one on the old site is now, (1878) owned and occu
pied by Mr. David P. Horton,

264 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
same class with his townsman, Abner Reeve,
in 1 73 1. He pursued his theological studies,
most likely with his pastor, for a few years,
and some time between September, 1 734, and
September, 1735, he was ordained by the
Presbytery of East Jersey, and installed as
the first pastor of Connedlicut Farms, four or
five miles from the city of Elizabeth, New
Jersey, His parish covered a large extent of
territory, and included the present parish of
Springfield, New Jersey, . He belonged to
the New Side in the Presbyterian church, as
might h6 inferred from his associations. He
removed from Connedlicut Farms in 1746,
and was succeeded there by Southold's fourth
pastor, the Rev, James Davenport, while he
himself was installed as the successor of the
Rey, Samuel Pomeroy in the pastoral office
at Newtown, Long Island,
Here he fulfilled the duties of his office
until 1772, when he resigned, and thereafter
resided with his son-in-law, Judge Benjamin
Coe, of Newtown. During the later years of
his life, he was sent by the Presbytery yearly
to supply the East and West Houses on Stat-
en Island, He died May, 8, 1786, He was
twice married — first to Abigail Howell, who

REV, AZARIAH HORTON, 265
died May 5, 1752, and secondly, January 7,
1762, to Elizabeth Fish. His only child was
Phoebe, who became the wife of Judge Coe .
Throughout the War of Independence, he was
an earnest and adlive patriot, and was driven
with his son-in-law from his home by the Brit
ish. They found a refuge in Warwick, Or
ange County, New York.
The Newtown congregation was so thor
oughly scattered by the war, that only five of
its communicants remained at the return of
peace. The British and Tories had utterly
ruined the Church building.
The Rev. Simon Horton was a man of me
dium size, good charadler, devoted piety, and
.solemn deportment.
His successor at Newtown in the pastoral
office was the Rev. Nathan Woodhull, a native
of Brook Haven, Long Island.
A few years younger than Simon Horton,
and born in the same old Barnabas Horton
house, was Azariah Horton, a son of Jonathan,
whose father was Jonathan, the youngest son
and principal heir of Barnabas, succeeding
him in the possession of the homestead.
Azariah's mother, the wife of Jonathan Hor
ton, Jr., was Mary Tuthill. Her family was
23

266 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
one of the earliest in the Town, John Tuthill
being the chief executive officer thereof in
1642 by appointment or recognition of the
General Court for the Jurisdidlion of the New
Haven Colony, including the Town of South-
old ; and the members of the Tuthill family,
descendants of Henry Tuthill, are now more
numerous, and together possess more taxable.
property, than those of any other family in the
Town. Azariah Horton was born March 20, 17 15.
His boyhood was bright and virtuous ; and
having prepared for College, he entered Yale,
and pursued the full course of studies. He
was graduated in the class of 1735, being
ranked in social standing second below Pres
ident Burr and sixth above the Rev. Dr. Bell
amy. He prepared himself after his gradua
tion more particularly for the ministry, and
was ordained by the Presbytery of New York
in 1 740. He received a call to settle in a de
sirable parish on Long Island ; but he declin- -
ed this call, in order to labor for the more
destitute heathen, especially the Shinftecocks
in the Town of Southampton ; and for nine
years, from 1741 to 1750, he was a mission-.
ary among the Indians of Long Island,

REV. AZARIAH HORTON, 267'
There was in Edinburgh, Scotland, a " So
ciety for Propagating Christian Knowledge ; "
and it was this Society that supported the
Missionaries David and John Brainerd, as
well as Azariah Horton, in their labors for the
Indians, Here is an extradl from Minutes of
this Society :
"Edinburgh, 2d November, 1749,
" The Correspondents at New York had
likewise sent hither journals of the Rev'd Mr.
John Brainerd, from the ist May, 1748, to 7th
September, 1 749, and of Azariah Horton from
tbe 26th August, 1 748, to the 9th April, 1749,
as Missionary Ministers employed by this So
ciety for the conversion of the infidel Indian
natives living upon the borders of the Provinces
of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania,
bearing their diligence and success in their
mission." See Rev. Dr. Thomas Brainerd's
Life of the Rev. John Brainerd, pp. 157, 158.
Some of Azariah Horton's Journals, thus
kept for the Scotch Missionary Society that
employed him, were printed, and qijotations
from them are found in Prime's History of
Long Island and in Furman's Antiquities of
Long Island.
He went in 1742 to the Forks of the Dela
ware (Delaware and Lehigh rivers at Easton,

268 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Pa.), to prepare the Indians there for the
ministry of Brainerd. Like his cousin Simon
Horton, he was a New Side man in his sym
pathies and associations.
In a letter written at Southampton, Sep
tember 14, 1 75 1, he speaks of the annoyance
which " The Separates " were causing him,
and the same spirit causes annoyance in these
days to the faithful, intelligent and worthy
ministration of the gospel for the spiritual
welfare of the Shinnecock tribe.
When his work among the Indians, as a
missionary to the heathen, became essentially
accomplished, he withdrew from the "field, and
became .the first Pastor of the Church of Mad
ison, New Jersey, in 1 75 1 , this church having
been formed by taking a part of Hanover for
the purpose in 1748, He faithfully served
this church for twenty-five years, and then re
signed his charge in November, 1776, On
the 27th of March in the next year, he died.
The inscription on his tomb-stone in the old
church yard is this :
" In memory of the Rev, Azariah Horton,
for 25 years Pastor of this Church. Died
March 27, 1777, aged 62 years."
The volume of Barber and Howe's Histori-

JUDGE THOMAS YOUNGS. 269
cal Colledlions of New Jersey, page 377, gives
this inscription. Some twenty years since,
an unknown gentleman appeared in Madison
and set up a more beautiful monument at the
Rev. Azariah Horton's grave. Mr. Horton's
only son died in Philadelphia.
The Rev. Theodore L. Cuyler, D. D.., is
one of the descendants of- the Rev. Azariah
Horton. See Horton Genealogy by George
F. Horton, M,D., Philadelphia, 1876, p. 184,
Thomas Youngs, another of the lads under
Mr. Woolsey's ministry, was born here in 17 19.
Having prepared for College and pursued the
course df studies in Yale, he was graduated
in the class of 1741, a class eminent for the
ability of its members, containing Governor
Livingston of New Jersey, Rev. Drs. Mans
field, Hopkins, Buell, Sproat, and Welles, with
Rev. Messrs. Stephen Williams, David Brain
erd, Thomas Lewis, David Youngs, and other
distinguished men.
Thomas Youngs became the Judge of his
native County, and a member of the State
Legislature, in which he served his country
from 1784 to 1786. His death occurred on
the 19th of February, 1793. He was a son
of Judge Joshua Youngs, who was a son of

270" HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD;
Zerubbabel, whose father was Col. John
Youngs, the eldest son of the first Pastor.
Thomas Youngs married Rhoda Budd, and
made his home in that part of the Town
which was then called Stirling, and near the
present Stirling Creek. He owned about his
house some five hundred acres of land,, east
of Greenport,. and extending from Long Isl
and Sound , to Gardiner's Bay. He held his
land firmly,, and his son Thomas, who became
its possessor after the death of the Judge, fol
lowed his example. It is now the property of
the fudge's grand-sons and their heirs, and
of the Hon. David G. Floyd, and the' heirs of
the Hon. Frederick W. Lord, A.M., M.D.
David Youngs, a kinsman of Judge Thomas
Youngs, and born in the same Town and in
the same year, 17 19, was a fellow student in
the same class and received his degree from
Yale at the same time. The Rev. Dr. Samu
el Hopkins, of Newport, Rhode Island, his
College class-mate, commended him as excel
ling Brainerd and Buell in fervency of spirit
and Christian zeal. He became the Pastor of
Brook Haven. This Congregation, on the
29th of May, 1742, besought the Presbytery
of New Brunswick to ordain him, and the

REV. DAVID YOUNGS. tfX
Presbytery granted the request, and ordained
him on the r2th of Odlober, 1742, In 1746,
the year after the formation of the Synod of
New York, the Presbytery of New Brunswick
gave him leave to join the Presbytery of New
York on account of its being more convenient
to him to be a member of the latter body.
In May, 1749, he became a member of the
Presbytery of Suffolk by vote and diredlion
of the Synod of New York, He died before
May 27, 1752 ; for on this day the Presbytery
of Suffolk made a record of his death as fol
lows :
"Since our last session, [September 18,
1 751], the Rev. Mr, David Youngs of Brook
Haven departed this life," See Suffolk Pres
bytery's Records, p. 20.
" The Separates " had greatly weakened
his congregation, and the consequences are
visible within the bounds of the Setauket par
ish until this day.
Migration from Southold westward bas
never ceased from tbe earliest years of our
history till the present time. Every State of
the Union most likely contains families or in
dividuals whose ancestors went forth from
this swarming hive. The more westward

272 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Towns of Long Island ; Orange County, New
York; Elizabeth, New Jersey, and the region
about it ; and several places in Morris County,
New Jersey, received many inhabitants from
this place during the first century of its his
tory. The Town of Chester, Morris County,
New Jersey, for example, may be regarded as
a colony from the East End of Long Island.
The founders of the Presbyterian Church
were , mainly from the Hamptons. The Con
gregational Church shows a preponderance of
Southold names. The Town of Chester was
territorially formed from Roxbury in 1799.
Barber and Howe say :
" The first permanent settlement in the
Township was made by emigrants from Long
Island, who founded the Presbyterian Church."
See Historical Colledlions, page 379.
The Rev. Frank A. Johnson, Pastor of the
Congregational Church of Chester, in a Cen
tennial Historical Discourse, on the 2d of
July, 1876, makes this quotation :
" The tradl of land now constituting the
Township of Chester was surveyed and run
into lots in 171 3 and 17 14, and began soon
after to be settled with emigrants from South-
old, Longlsland,"
He adds : •-

SOUTHOLD EMIGRANTS, 273
" It was in their hearts to do as their fathers
had done : plant a church of the same faith and
form of government as that in which they had
been baptized and to which they owed so
much," The Pastor of the Presbyterian Church of
Chester, New Jersey, as well as the Congre
gational Pastor, has kindly given me informa
tion in respedl to that Town and its settle
ment. The Presbyterian Pastor is the Rev, James
F. Brewster, a descendant of the Rev. Na
thaniel Brewster, the first Pastor of Brook
Haven, Long Island, who was a grandson of
William Brewster, the Ruling Elder of the
Pilgrims who came to Plymouth in the May
flower. In the Historical Sermon which the Rev.
James F. Brewster preached in the Presby
terian Church of Chester, July 2, 1876, he
said: " More than a century and a quarter ago a
little band of Presbyterian pioneers from the
eastern end of Long Island — a sedlion which
has ever L>een a stronghold of Presbyterianism
— brought among these hills the faith and
worship of their fathers, and, like the ancient
patriarch, they built their altar and called

274 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Upon their. God, on the spot which they had
made their home, as soon as they. were strong
enough to unite themselves." " The founders
of the church, with their children and their
children's children, are sleeping in the dust,
but their work, by God's blessing, still stands ;
the glorious gospel still is proclaimed, through
which, as we trust, hundreds upon hundreds
have here obtained salvation, and from among
these hills have ascended to Heaven."
The church of Chester seems to have been
divided about 1745, and a part of it to have
accepted the sentiments of " the Separates,"
and to have maintained fellowship with this
division of tjie Congregationalists on Long
Island. The part that continued to cherish
and maintain the views and principles of the
churches of the standing order in New Eng
land and on Long Island, became Presby
terians ; and having called a pastor, the Pres
bytery of New Brunswick ordained and
installed him in the autumn of 1752.
There was an effort made, during the latter
years of the Revolutionary war, to reunite the
two churches. The effort continued indeed
for six years, and throughout this period both
churches had the same minister. But the
attempt was not permanently successful.

CHESTER, NEW JERSEY. 275
About 1785, the separatical church was dis
solved ; but the members of it for the most
part formed themselves not long afterwards
into the present Congregational Church of
Chester, which is deemed the oldest Congre
gational Church in New Jersey, and dates its
organization 1747., It may be regarded as
tbe legitimate successor of the Separatical
Congregation, and the Presbyterian Church
as, the outgrowth of the Congregation that '
retained the tellowship of the New England
churches of " the Standing Order."
The first pastor of the Congregational
Church was the Rev. Samuel Swezey, who
continued to fulfil the duties of the office for
twenty years until the Revolutionary war was
about to sweep the country with its storms.
The church edifice during the war became
an hospital for sick and wounded soldiers of
the National Army under Washington, whose
headquarters were ten or twelve miles distant ;
and public worship in it was discontinued
throughout the years 1777 and 1778. In
consequence of the deprivation of Christian
instrudlion and restraint, the moral and relig-
' ious habits of the people were greatly impaired.
The Rev. James Youngs was ordained and

276 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
installed as the pastor, of the new Congrega
tional Church. He bore an early Southold
family name, like his predecessor, the Rev.
Samuel Swezey. His ministry continued un
til his death in November, 1790, at the early
age of thirty-two years. His death was
greatly lamented.
The church, for more than ten years there
after, bad only such irregular supplies as it
was able on occasion to obtain from Long
Island, But on the i6th of June, 1801, the Rev.
Stephen Overton was ordained and installed
as the Pastor. He was by birth or ancestry
a Southolder. Under his ministry a new
house of worship was built in 1803, the same
year that the First Church of Southold eredled
its present church building. The new edifice
of Chester was forty by fifty feet in size, with
front and side galleries,^ steeple and bell,
somewhat smaller than the present Southold
church edifice.
Mr. Overton's ministry continued for twen
ty-seven years, and only two years and a half
after his release from the pastorate, he died,
on the 1 8th of September, 1830.
Within the last fifty years, this church of

NEW CHURCHES. 277
Chester has had several pastors and supplies.
The Rev. James S. Evans, D.D., formerly
pastor of Middletown, Long Island, and sub
sequently of Setauket, Long Island, and more
recently the Long Island Synod's Superin
tendent of Home Missions was the pastor
from 1867 to 1 87 1, and while he labored with
them in the gospel, the congregation built a
parsonage. But the old Church and Town of Southold
under Mr. Woolsey's ministry were not only
planting their colonies abroad-; they were also
forming new centres of growth and new con
gregations of worshippers at home.
It was in the early part of 1 7 1 8 that David
Youngs gave a lot of land at Oysterponds
(now Orient), for the purpose of having at
some future time a Meeting House eredled
upon it. See Town Records, Book C, p 67.
In 1725 the Meeting House was built, and it
continued to be a place of public worship till
18 18. But there was no regular organized
church in that part of the Town until many
years after the building of the Meeting House.
It was on the 6th* of December, 171 7, that
the Rev. Joseph Lamb was ordained as the
*The Salmpn Record says the 4th, which is an error,
24

278 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Minister of Mattituck by the Presbytery of
Long Island, which met, organized, and began
its existence at Southampton on the 17th of
April, 17 17, The Mattituck Church was or
ganized in 1715, two years before the ordina
tion of its Pastor ; and two years after his
ordination it asked to be taken under the
care of the Presbytery, and its request was
granted. Its first Pastor received ordination
the same year that he was graduated at Yale
College, His class numbered five graduates ;
all became ministers — another indication which
shows how thoroughly Yale in its early years
was a Theological Seminary, The year of his
graduation was the year of the removal of the
College from Saybrook to New Haven. Like
the Rev. Benjamin Woolsey, who was grad
uated eight years earlier, Mr. Lamb occupied
the centre of the class in respedl to social
standing. He remained at Mattituck many years, and
his wife died there in April, 1729. He re
moved to Baskingridge, Somerset County,
New Jersey, previous to 1744, and on the
24th of May in this year he became a mem
ber of the Presbytery of New Brunswick.
Soon after his settlement in New Jersey, h^

LAMB, SOUTHARD, 279
received into his congregation the Hon. Henry
Southard, who followed him from Long Island
to Baskingridge, which became the birthplace
of the Hon. Samuel L. Southard, one of the
most eminent and accomplished of the states
men of New Jersey, who in the Cabinet of the
Nation successively performed the duties of
the Secretary of the Navy, of the Treasury,
and of War — who was successively Attorney
General and Governor of his native State;
and was repeatedly eledled United States
Senator, and President of the Senate.
When Mr. Lamb became the Pa,stor of
Baskingridge, the worshippers met from Sab
bath to Sabbath in a log-house, the first
church edifice ever eredled in the place. But
the people under his ministry put up in 1749
a frame building far more commodious than
the old one ; and this new strudlure contin
ued in use for ninety years until 1839, when
it gave place to a stately brick edifice with a
tall and graceful spire. Mr. Lamb, however,
did not live to minister for many months in
the frame building. He died within the year
of its dedication, 1 749.
The formation of the Mattituck Church and
the settlement of its Pastor and the prospedl-

28o HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
ive formation of a Church at Orient made an
essential change in the ecclesiastical condition
of the people of the Town, The citizens were
not unmindful of this change.
Accordingly, in the Town Meeting of 1720,
it was voted that three men be chosen to di
vide the parish lands proportionable, that each
Minister may improve the same in proportion,
according to the first purchase. Captain
Reeve, Captain Booth and Benjamin Youngs
were chosen. See Town Records, Book D,
page 119, The Town Records do not indi
cate the method and effedl of the division.
But we may well suppose that there was as
signed to the Mattituck Minister such a part
of the parish lands as the prpperty of his par
ishioners bore to the whole property of all the
people who made the purchase and the e^rly-
improvement of the Town. This was to be
determined in some way by the conditions of
the first purchase of the soil of the Town by
its founders.
There seems to be in the Town Records
no statement which marks the precise time
when the Town ceased to colledl and pay the
minister's salary, or when the Town Meeting
ceased to discipline church offenders. There

CONVENIENCE-HOUSES. 2 B I
was doubtless a gradual preparation for the
change whereby the church ceased to be a
Town Church and became an Independent
Church. It did not become a Congregational
Church, in the present meaning of this term,
until a later period of its history.
No means of warming the church building
in cold weather had yet been provided and
used. Before the commencement of the pub
lic worship in the forenoon, as well as between
the forenoon and the afternoon services, and
sometimes also before the return home
towards the close of the Sabbatb,, the people
resorted to the private residences near the
church edifice, or to "The Public," in order
to warm themselves m front of the large and
open fire-places which a generous hospitality
kept Veil filled with blazing wood whenever
the temperature out of doors was low. But
the inconvenience of this bountiful hospitality
could not fail to be felt as a burden. Some
better method was requisite to enable those
who needed the use of food and of fire to
supply their wants at their own expense. It
was 'therefore voted by the Town Meeting to
allow Isaac Conkling to build a house for
convenience on the Lord's Day on the Town

282 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
lot. This was one of the reforms accomplish
ed in the early part of the Rev. Mr. Woolsey's
pastorate ; for this permission to build on the
Town lot a convenience-house was granted in
1722. See Town Records, Book D, page
119. These convenience-houses became in
later days comparatively numerous around
the church building.
During the Rev. Mr. Woolsey's ministry
the original church building ceased to be
needed and used for the purpose to which it
had been converted many years earlier ; and
hence it was, that in 1727 the Town Meeting
voted to sell the Prison House.
The edifice for public worship had now
ceased to be also a fortification, and subse
quently a jail, and the expense of the public
worship was soon to be no more a tax as
sessed, colledled and paid by the Town.
The County Court had been held once a
year in Southold and once a year in South
ampton for some forty years from the forma
tion of the county in 1683 ! but about 1727 a
court house, or county hall, was built at Riv
erhead, which was formerly in Southold, and
the court met in the new building for the first
time, March 27, 1729.

PART IV.

period after the ministry of
The rev. benjamin woolsey.
1 736-1 740.

chapter VII,
In 1736, the Rev, Benjamin Woolsey re
moved from the Southold parsonage to the
estate of his wife, in Oyster Bay township.
Queens county, on the shore of Long Island
Sound, It is a place of exceeding beauty.
The gentle hills and slopes ; the quiet valleys
of no great extent ; the fertile fields, rich with
growing grain, or tinted with flowers of vari
ous hues, or enameled with luxuriant grasses ;
the magnificent trees, scattered here and
therp, or forming clumps of woods, or even
considerable forests ; and the bright, smooth
lakes and bays, with the larger spaces of wa
ter visible on the Sound, all unite to present
charming prospedls in every diredlion, Mr.
Woolsey called the place Dos uxoris, (the
wife's dower), and by this name, contradled
into Dosoris, it has ever since been known.

286 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
It is nearly two miles north of the village
of Glen Cove, and immediately south of Mat-
inecock Point on Long Island Sound. The
original tradl contained one thousand acres.
It was bought of the Matinecock Indians by
Robert Williams, who sold it to Lewis Morris,
of the Island of Barbados, a brother of Rich
ard Morris, the first owner of Morrisania,
Westchester County, New York. Morris sold
it, August lo, 1693, for ;!^390, to Daniel
Whitehead, of Oyster Bay, who conveyed it
for the same price to his son-in-law, John Tay
lor, of Oyster Bay. . Mr. Taylor bequeathed it
to his only daughter, Abigail, whose husband
named it in her honor, and she was well wor
thy of his supreme appreciation. He lived
there at the head of a most generous and hos
pitable family for the last and best twenty
years of his life, from 1736 to 1756. At his
death, he devised three-fifths of it to his son.
Colonel Melandlhon Taylor Woolsey, and
two-fifths to his son, Benjamin Woolsey, Jr.
Nathaniel Coles bought the whole estate in
1760, paying ^4,000 for the larger share and
;^3,6oo for the smaller.
Mr. Woolsey was in his thirty-third year
when he settled in Southold, and in his forty-

REV. BENJAMIN WOOLSEY. 287
ninth when he removed to Dosoris. For the
. next twenty years he ministered the gospel
at his own expense in various parishes. He
often preached in his own house, giving a
dinner also to the worshippers who came
from distant places. During a part of these
twenty years he supplied Hempstead on the
Sabbath, Hi&.gratuitous services were abund
ant not only in preaching on the Lord's Day,
but also in ministering to the sick and in con-
dudling the solemnities at the burial of the
dead. His devotion to his sacred duties is illus
trated by the incident which the Rev, Dr.
Prime relates in the History of Long Island,
page 282, to attest the punctuality of this
good man to his engagements, and his un
willingness to disappoint the expectations of
the congregation. During his ministry at
Hempstead, he was bereaved of a son, whose
death took place on a Saturday, Being una
ble to procure any person to supply his place
in the Hempstead pulpit, he deemed it to be
his heavy duty to leave his afflidled family on
the Sabbath, in order to fulfil his engage
ments. He did so, and- performed his usual
services for the Hempstead congregation.

288 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
The Rev, Benjamin Woolsey died on the
15th of August, 1756. A few days later there
appeared in "The Mercury "of New York,
edited by Hugh Gaine, a tribute to his worth
in which it was said, that "his intelledlual
powers were much above the common level,
and were improved by a liberal education. His
universal acquaintance with sacred literature .
rendered his public performances peculiarly
edifying and instrudlive. His sentiments
were just, noble and proper ; his reasoning
was clear and conclusive, and his pulpit elo
quence manly, nervous and strong. The zeal
and pathos that animated his discourses added
peculiar grace and dignity to his address, and,
while it engaged the attention of his hearers,
discovered the sincere piety and fervent de
votion that warmed and governed his own
heart. He loved good men of every profes
sion, and owned and admired sincere piety,
under whatever form or denomination it ap
peared. Justice, charity and condescension,
hospitality and public spirit, were virtues to
which he paid the most sacred regard. In the
discharge of the various duties which constitute
the tender and affectionate husband, kind pa
rent, the mild and gentle master, the obliging

DOSORIS. 289
neighbor, the sincere, faithful and unshaken
friend, he had few equals and no superiors."
He was buried at Dosoris, in the family
cemetery, where fifteen years earlier he had
buried his venerable father.
It was a fair, bright, lovely morning on the
twenty-second day of May, 1872, when I vis
ited Dosoris. for the purpose of seeing the
home of his later years and the place of his
burial. During the previous night I had en
joyed by invitation the hospitality of the Rev.
Benjamin L. Swan and his charming family,
in the parsonage of the Presbyterian Church
of Oyster Bay. He now gave me a seat in
his carriage and became my guide to the spot
which I desired to see. The drive from Oys
ter Bay to Dosoris, amid the exuberant life of
the spring-time, with the air full of the fra
grance of early flowers and vocal with the
songs of rejoicing birds, is exceedingly de
lightful, especially in the company of a gen
tleman overflowing with courtesy, kindness,
congeniality of taste and spirit, and great in
telligence. So was my generous host. This
made the day memorable. There is on the
way an unceasing succession of various and
attradliye scenes of natural beauty — hills,
25

29G HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
vales, fields, forests and streams, lakes and
bays, with here and there the wider prospedls
of water on Long Island Sound, bearing upon
its peaceful bosom the shining sails of pleas
ure and of commerce ; and on the right hand
and the left many tasteful residences and cul
tivated grounds, crowning the hills, basking
on the slopes, and nestling in the valleys,
give animation and human interest to the
views. The heavens also, during all that day,
were in harmony with the earth. The great
er part of the sky was a perfedl blue ; but
some spaces were flecked with clouds of ethe
real forms and soft and gentle tones and hues.
The light breeze gave them wings, -and their
graceful movements imparted, on this glori
ous day of spring-time, the charm of life and
adlivity to the ever-changing aspedls of both
earth and heaven. So many forms of beauty
can at once be rarely seen.
Dosoris was then owned and occupied by
Mr. George James Price. This gentleman
was that day absent from his home ; but every
kind attention was shown by his family, and
especially by his father-in-law, Mr. Martin E.
Thomp.son, a very intelligent and adlive octo
genarian, the arcbitedl of the former Mer-

REV. MR, woolsey's DWELLING, 29 1
chants' Exchange of New York City and other
handsome buildings which adorned the me
tropolis of the new world in the earlier stages
of its wonderful life and growth in business,
wealth, population and greatness, Mr, Thomp-.
son holds, with the utmost confidence, that
notwithstanding the great changes made in
the dwelling in 1842, the west end of the
¦ present large double two story-house, with a
wide hall from south to north through the
centre, must be^ from the style, charadler and
age of the architedlure, and of the various
carved-wood adornments, the very dwelling,
in part at least, which was the home of the
Rev. Benjamin Woolsey during the last twen
ty years of this good Minister's life. It was
easy and grateful to yield one's mind and
heart to the benign influence of the hallowed
associations of the place.
The cemetery made sacred by the graves
' of many members of the family is in a grove
of locusts trees on a knoll northeast of the
residence. The land makes on the knoll, and
the lower lines of many of the inscriptions
are now some inches below the surface of the
soil. Under the intelligent diredlion of Mr.

292 HLSTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Thompson,* we read not a few of these in
scriptions with living interest. The following
is the inscription at the head of the most at
tradlive grave :
SACRED TO THE MEMORY
OF THE rev'd. MR. BENJAMIN WOOLSEY
WHO
in the Vnited Character of the Gentleman, the Christian, the Divine
Shone with distinguish'd Lustre
and adorn'd every Station of public and private Life
with Dignity and Vsefulness.
Early devoted to the worlc of the Gospel Ministry,
Endow'd with the Gifts of Nature and Grace,
He employ'd his Superior Talents
In the service of his Divine Master
With Fidelity and Zeal.
After a shineing Course of Disinterested Labours
To promote the Cau.5e of True Religion
He exchang'd the Ministry of the Church Militant on Earth
For the Reward of the Church Triumphant in Heaven
August 15th AD 1756 M 69.
An excellent and remarkably complete ge
nealogy of the descendants of the Rev. Ben
jamin Woolsey, by Benjamin W. Dwight, Ph.
D., one of his posterity, was published in the
New York Genealogical and Biographical
Record. See the fourth and fifth volumes,
July 1873 — July 1874. This publication is
*This accomplished and venerable gentleman died at
Dosoris, July 24, 1877, in the ninety-first year of his
age. See New York Weekly Evening Post, August i,
1877.

WOOLSEYS. 293
the authority for many of the statements in
the following notices of some of his descend
ants. Only here and there in this country
has lived a man whose descendants have been
connedled by blood and marriage with so
many persons of great worth and distindlion.
He had two sons and four daughters who
grew up and married. His eldest son, Me-
lancthon Taylor Woolsey, born June 8, 171 7,
married Rebekah Lloyd, and his eldest daugh
ter, second of these children, Sarah Woolsey,
born a year or two years before his settle
ment in Southold, married John Lloyd.,
These Lloyds were children of Henry and Re
bekah (Nelson) Lloyd, and their father had
the ownership and occupancy of Lloyd's Neck,
about three thousand acres between Cold
Spring Harbor and Huntington Harbor, pat
ented by Governor Dongan in 1685 ^ith the
rights and privileges of a manor named
Queen's .Village. Henry Lloyd was a son of
James Lloyd, of Boston, and his wife Greselda
Sylvester, of Shelter Island, whose lover, Lati
mer Sampson, gave her by his will one half
of this tradl of three thousand acres. After
her marriage to James Lloyd, her husband
bought tbe other half. After his death, his
son Henry became the owner of the whole of

294 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
the peninsula and made it his home, in 171 1,
It remains in the ownership and possession
of his descendants. The following letter of
Henry Lloyd, it has been said, discloses the
charadler both of persons and of times.
"Lloyd's Manor, Odl, 10, 1741.
" Sir : — As my son John bas sometime made
suit to your daughter. Miss Sarah, I conclude
it is with your and Mrs. Woolsey's approbation ;
and, at his request, I hereby signify mine —
hoping if they come together, it may be to
their mutual happiness and with the good
liking of all concerned. His circumstances
being such as to enable him to live comforta
bly without any immediate dependence on
me, I think little need be said on that head,
only thus far — as he is my son and has much
of my affedlion, I have, in the disposition of
what estate I possess, considered him as such,
without being over-concerned to make an el
der son to the disinheriting of the younger
children. And I shall trust that Mrs. Wool
sey and you will provide for Miss Sarah, as
your daughter.
I pray our best regards may be acceptable
to yourself and lady — not forgetting your
young lady,
I am, sir, your very humble servant, H, Lloyd,
To the Rev, Benjamin Woolsey,
Dosoris, Long Island,"

M. T. WOOLSEY, 295
Melandlhon Taylor Woolsey entered the
iarmy during the war against the French and
Indians, had the rank of Colonel in the cam
paign of 1758, and died in the military service
of his country at Crown Point, New York,
September 28, 1758, in his forty-second year.
He and his daughters Abigail, Elizabeth and
Mary were buried at Dosoris. His daughter
Rebekah, born August 22, 1755, married,
Odlober 10, 1782, James Hillhouse of New
Haven, whose father was Judge William Hill
house and whose mother, Sarah, was a sister
of the first Governor Griswold of Connedli
cut. His grandfather was the Rev. James
Hillhouse, whose wife was a granddaughter
of the Rev, James Fitch, of Saybrook, and
Priscilla, daughter of Capt. John Mason, the
hero of the Pequot war.
Rebekah Woolsey's husband was graduated
at Yale in 1773, a member of the State Leg
islature, Treasurer of Yale College fifty years,
from 1782 to 1832, member of the U. S,
House of Representatives six years, from
1790 to 1796, and thereafter U. S, Senator
fourteen years, until 18 10, He planted the
elms which have, given to New Haven the
name of "The Elm City." His first wife was

296 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Sarah Lloyd, daughter of John Lloyd and
Sarah Woolsey. She was born in 1753. The
husband of these two descendants of our third
pastor — 'being cousins — died December 29,
1832, aged 78 years. Probably no other man.
has ever done as much for the beauty and
prosperity of New Haven as he did. His
wife Rebekah died December 30, 181 3.
Among the Hillhouse descendants of our
third pastor were James A. Hillhouse, author
of "Percy's Masque," "Hadad/' and other vol
umes ; and Rebekah Woolsey Hillhouse, first
wife of the Rev. Nathaniel Hewit, D, D., and
mother of the Rev. Nathaniel Augustus Hew
it, D. D., an eloquent and celebrated preach
er of the order of Paulists in the Roman Cath
olic Church.
Melancthon Lloyd Woolsey, son of Col.
Melancthon Taylor Woolsey and Rebekah
Lloyd, was born at Queen's Village, now
Lloyd's Neck, May 8, 1758. He became an
officer of the Revolutionary army as an aid to
Governor George Clinton. During the war,
on March 23, 1779, he married Alida, daugh
ter of Henry Livingston, of Poughkeepsie,
whose wife Susan was a daughter of John
Conklin. Alida Livingston was a sister of the

M. L. WOOLSEY. 297
Rev, John H, Livingston, D, D,, who was '
the first Professor of Divinity of the Reform
ed Dutch Church and opened their first reg
ular Theological Seminary in the United
States, in 1795. This Institution of sacred
learning began its beneficent work at Bedford,
Long Island, In 1807 his Professorship was
united to Rutgers College at New Brunswick,
New Jersey, and he was continued in his office
of Professor of Theology and also chosen to
be the President of the College. His sister
Alida, the wife of Gen, Woolsey, was the
granddaughter of Gilbert Livingston, a
grandson of the Rev. John Livingston, an
energetic Minister of the gospel, who for the
purity and excellence of his preaching was
driven by the persecutions of the prelatical
party from Scotland to Holland in 1663, and
whose son Robert came to New York about
1675 and in 1686 received from Gov, Dongan
the title to a large tradl of land, including a
great part of the present counties of Dutch
ess and Columbia, still known as Livingston
Manor; for in 1715 George I, eredled the
manor and lordship of Livingston with the
privilege of holding a court leet and a court
baron, and with the right of advowson to all

298 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
the churches within its boundaries. Gen.
Woolsey retired from the army in 1780, but
afterwards became a Major General of the
State militia. He made his home at Cumber
land Head, near Plattsburgh, was for many
years the CoUedlor of the customs for the
Plattsburgh Distridl, and also the Clerk of
Clinton county. He died at Trenton, New
York, June 29, 18 19, His widow died at Os
wego, July 12, 1843, aged 85 years,
Melandlhon Taylor Woolsey, the first-born
of their eight children, six of whom grew up
and married, was born June 5, 1780. He en
tered the Navy of the United States in 180G,
fought under Com. Decatur against Tripoli,
and against England under Com, Chauncey in
the war of 18 12. He commanded the U. S,
force at Oswego when the British were gal
lantly repulsed at that point. He was after
wards transferred to the larger field of the
ocean service and commanded at the West
India Station, Pensacola, Fla,, and subsequent
ly commanded the Brazilian Squadron, He
married, Nov, 3, 1817, Susan Cornelia Tread
well, daughter of James Treadwell, of New
York, He died at his home in Utica, New
York, May 19, 1838, She died at Stamford,

BENJAMIN WOOLSEY, JR, 299
Connedlicut, March 13, 1863, in her sixty-
seventh year. They had seven children, in
cluding Capt, Melandlhon Brooks Woolsey, of
the U, S, Navy, and Quartermaster Richard
Lansing Woolsey, of the U, S, Army, as well
as Alida Livingston Woolsey, wife of the
Rev. Isaac Pierson Stryker, of New York
City, and Mary Elizabeth Woolsey, wife of the
Rev. Frank Windsor Braithwaite, of Stamford,
Connedlicut. Our third pastor's second son, Benjamin,
was born Feb. 12, 1720, the year of his set
tlement in Southold. This son was graduated
at Yale iii 1744, second in his class of fifteen,
and next above the celebrated William Sam
uel Johnson, Judge of the Supreme Court of
Connedlicut, U. S. Senator, and President of
Columbia College, New York City. Benja
min Woolsey, Jr,, succeeded his father in the
possession and occupancy of Dosoris, and
was a magistrate of the colony for many years
previous to his death, September g, 1771.
He married first Esther Isaacs, daughter of
Ralph Isaacs, a merchant of Norwalk, Conn.,
and Mary Rumsey, daughter of Benjamin
Rumsey, of Fairfield, Conn, Esther Isaacs
Woolsey died Inarch 29, 1756, aged twenty-

3GG HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
five years, about seven years after her mar
riage. Mr. Woolsey married a second wife,
Ann Muirson, daughter of Dr. George Muir-
son of Setauket and Anna Smith, daughter
of Judge Henry Smith, eldest son of William
Smith, Governor of Tangiers, Chief Justice of
New York, President of the Council and adl
ing Governor of the Colony. Benjamin
Woolsey, Jr., had three children by his first
wife, namely, Sarah, who married Moses Rog
ers, one of three brothers, each of whom
founded a great mercantile house that con
tinued forty years in New York, and two of
whose sisters were wives of eminent and
wealthy merchants in that city. Moses Rog
ers was Governor of the New York Hospital,
Diredlor of the U. S. Bank, Treasurer of the
City Dispensary, Vestryman of Trinity Church,
and adlive in the Benevolent Societies of the
city. Their daughter Sarah Elizabeth Rogers
married the Hon. Samuel Miles Hopkins,
Member of the U. S. Congress, and founder
of the village of Moscow, New York, whose
children include William Rogers Hopkins,
Professor of Chemistry in the U. S. Naval
Academy at Annapolis, Maryland ; and the Rev,'
S, M. Hopkins, D. D,, who was graduated at

ROGERS, HOPKINS, 3OI
Amherst College in 1832, and at Auburn
Theological Seminary in 1836, Pastor of the
Presbyterian churches of Corning and of Fre-
donia. New York, and since 1847 Hyde Pro
fessor of Ecclesiastical History and Church
Polity in Auburn Theological Seminary.
One of his sons is the Rev. Abel Grosvenor
Hopkins, who was graduated at Hamilton
College in 1866 and at Auburn Theological
Seminary~in 1869, and is the Professor of the
Latin Language and Literature in Hamilton
Colleger Benjamin Woolsey Rogers, son of
Moses and Sarah Woolsey Rogers, was a
large importer of hardware in New York,
thirty-eight years a Governor of the New
York Hospital, and one of the founders of
the Bloomingdale Asylum. His daughter
Sarah married William P. Van Rensselaer,
son of Stephen Van Rensselaer of Albany,
the Patroon. His son Benjamin Woolsey
married a daughter of Dr.' Richard Kissam
Hoffman, a celebrated surgeon of New York
City, and their son Hoffman married a daugh
ter of the Hon, John Ferdon, of Piermont,
New York. Another son of Moses and Sarah
Woolsey Rogers, Archibald Rogers, married
ifi daughter of Judge Natbaniel Pendleton, ^i;
36

302 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
intimate friend of Alexander Hamilton and
his second in the fatal duel with Aaron Burr.
Archibald Rogers's son Edmund Pendleton
Rogers is the proprietor of the " Quintard
Iron Works " in New York, and his daughter
Susan Bard Rogers is the wife of Herman,
son of John T. Livingston, who owns a line
of steamers hailing from New York.
Benjamin, son of Benjamin and Esther
Isaacs Woolsey, died in his fifth year.
Their daughter Mary married the Rey.
Timothy Dwight, D. D,, President of Yale
College, She died Odlober 5, 1845, aged
ninety-one years. President Dwight was a
son of Major Timothy Dwight and Mary,
daughter of the Rev. Jonathan Edwards, D.
D., President of the College of New Jersey.
He was born May 14, 1752, and died January
II, 18 1 7. Among their very many de.scend-
ants are the Rev. Edward Strong Dwight,
Pastor of Hadley, Massachusetts ; Benjamin
Woolsey Dwight, M. D., Treasurer of Ham
ilton College, and his celebrated sons, Ben
jamin Woodbridge Dwight, Ph. D., who was
graduated at Hamilton College in 1835, the
distinguished teacher, author and genealogist,
and Theodore William Dwight, LL. D., who

DWIGHTS. 303
was graduated at Hamilton College in 1840,
the learned and eloquent Professor in the
Law Department of Columbia College, New
York city; the Rev. Timothy Dwight, D. D.,
who was graduated at Yale in 1849, the Pro
fessor of Greek Exegesis in the Theological
Department of Yale College and one of the
Revisers of the New Testament ; the Rev.
Sereno Edwards Dwight, D. D., who was grad
uated at Yale in 1803, married in 181 1, Susan
Edwards, daughter of Judge David Daggett,
of New Haven, and was President of Hamil
ton College ; the Rev. William Theodore
Dwight, D. D., who was graduated at Yale
in 1 8 13, and was for thirty- two years pastor
of the Third Congregational Church of Port
land, Maine ; Henry Edwin Dwight, M. D.,
who was graduated at Yale in 1852, a promi
nent physician of Philadelphia, Pa. ; Thomas
Bradford Dwight, who was graduated at Yale
in 1859, a lawyer of Philadelphia, Pa.
Our third pastor's son Benjamin had seven
children by his second wife. Of these children,
Esther, born at Dosoris, December i, 1759,
married Capt. Palmer of the British army
and died at Raphoe, Ireland, March ;5, 1807.
William Walton Woolsey, son of Benjamin

3O4 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Woolsey, Jr., and his second wife, Ann Muir
son, was born September 17, 1766, and mar
ried April 2, 1792, Elizabeth Dwight, sister
of President Dwight of Yale College, whose
wife, Mary Woolsey, was a half sister of Wil
liam Walton Woolsey. He was a prosperous
merchant of New Haven, Connedlicut, and
had the charge of many trusts and filled many
public offices. He had seven children, and
his posterity include Mary Anne Woolsey,
who married Jared Scarborough, a graduate
of Yale and a merchant of Hartford, Connedl
icut, whose son William Woolsej'^ Scarbor
ough is a merchant of Cincinnati and Presi
dent of the Bank of the Ohio Valley, Jared
Scarborough died in 1816 and his widow
married for a second husband the Hon.
George Hoadley, who was graduated at Yale,
a lawyer of New Haven, Mayor of the City
and President of the Eagle Bank. When he
was nearly fifty years of age he became in
1830 a resident of Cleveland, Ohio, and be
came the Mayor thereof. He died there in
1857, aged 75 years. Their daughter, Mary
Ann Hoadley, married Thomas Fuller Pome
roy, a graduate of Union College, and a phy
sician of Detroit, Michigan. Another daugh-

HOADLEY. 305
ter, Elizabeth Dwight Hoadley, married the
Hon. Joshua Hall Bates, a graduate of West
Point, Lieutenant in the U. S. Army in the
Florida war, and Brigadier General from April
to August, 1 86 1, in the war against the Rebel
lion. Their son George Hoadley was graduated
at the Western Reserve College in 1844, a law
yer in Cincinnati, Ohio, twice Judge of the
Supreme Court of Hamilton County, and
since 1864 Professor of Commercial Law in
the Cincinnati Law School.
Elizabeth Woolsey, daughter of W. W.
Woolsey and Elizabeth Dwight, married.
Francis Bayard Winthrop, Jr., a graduate of
Yale and a lawyer of New Haven, Ct. Their
son. Major Theodore Winthrop, was gradua
ted at Yale, an author, an officer in the late
war, and killed at Big Bethel, Va., June 10,
1 86 1. Their son, Major William Woolsey
Winthrop, was graduated at Yale, a lawyer,
and Assistant to Judge Advocate Holt in the
late war. Their daughter, Sarah Chauncey
Winthrop, married in 1861 Theodore Weston,
a graduate of Yale, a civil engineer in New
York, employed on the Croton Water Works.
John Mumford Woolsey, son of W. W.
Woolsey and Elizabeth Dwight, was gradua-

306 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
ted at Yale in 1813, married a daughter of
Dr. John Andrews of Wallingford, Connedli
cut, and was a hardware merchant in New-
York, and subsequently a capitalist in Cleve
land, Ohio, He died at New Haven, Con
nedlicut, July II, 1870, aged seventy-four
years, and was buried at Dosoris, Long Isl
and. His daughter Sarah Chauncey Woolsey
is the popular writer known as " Susan Cool-
idge," His other daughter, Jane Woolsey, is
the wife of the Rev. Henry Albert Yardley, a
graduate of Yale, tutor there, and subsequent
ly Professor in the Episcopal Theological
Seminary at Middletown, Connedlicut.
William Cecil Woolsey, twin with John
Mumford Woolsey, was graduated in the
same class with him at Yale in 18 13, and mar
ried in 1829 Catharine Rebekah, daughter of
Gen. Theodorus Bailey of New York. He
was an auctioneer in New York. His daugh
ter Ann Eliza married Samuel Fisher Carm-
alt, a large land owner at Lake Wyalusing,
Pa. His son William Walton Woolsey, M.
D., studied medicine at Yale and became a
physician at Dubuque, Iowa.
Laura Woolsey, daughter of Wm. W.
Woolsey, married Samuel William Johnson, a

PRES. WOOLSEY. 307
graduate of Union College, a resident of
Stratford Conn. Her son Samuel William
Johnson was graduated at the College of New
Jersey in 1849 and at the Law Department of
Harvard College in 1851. Her daughter
Laura Woolsey Johnson married Dr. William
Henry Carmalt, a brother of the husband of
her cousin Ann Eliza Woolsey. Her son
Woolsey Johnson, M. D., was graduated at
the College of New Jersey in i860 and at the
New York Medical College in 1863. He is
a physician in New York City.
Theodore Dwight Woolsey, D. D., LL.
D., son of W, W. Woolsey and Elizabeth
Dwight, was born Odlober 31, 1801, grad
uated at Yale in 1820 and then tutor there
three years. After studying theology in
Princeton and New Haven, he gave several
years to study and travel in Europe until
1830. The next year he became the Profes
sor of the Greek Language and Literature in
Yale College and continued in this Professor-'
ship twenty years. For twenty-five years he
was President of Yale, and then resigned the
Presidency, but continues to give instrudlion
in three of the departments of the college.
He is a voluminous author. President of the

3o8 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Evangelical Alliance, and President of the
New Testament Revisers of the Bible. His
daughter Agnes is tbe wife of the Rev. Ed
gar Laing Heermance, Pastor of the Presby
terian Church of White Plains, New York,
who is a son of the Rev. Henry Heermance
of Kinderhook, New York." President Wool
sey's son, Theodore Salisbuiy Woolsey, LL.
B., is Professor of International Law in Yale
College. President Woolsey's sister Sarah married
Charles Frederick Johnson, a lawyer by pro
fession, an amateur farmer by occupation,
at Owego, New York. Their eldest son,
Charles F"rederick, was graduated at Yale in
1855, was assistant Professor of Mathematics
in the U. S. Naval Academy from 1865 to
1870, and is the Superintendent of the Bristol
Iron Works, Owego, New York. He mar
ried a daughter of the Hon. William J. Mc
Alpine, of Pittsfield, Massachusetts.
The second son of Charles Frederick and
Sarah Woolsey Johnson is William Woolsey
Johnson, who was graduated at Yale in 1862,
Assistant Professor of Mathematics in the U.
S. Naval Academy from 1864 to 1869, then
Professor of Mathematics in Kenyon College,

DUNLAP, HOWLAND. • 3O9
Gambler, Ohio, and since 1872 Professor of
Mathematics in St. John's College, Annapolis,
Maryland. Elizabeth Woolsey, daughter of Benjamin
Woolsey, Jr., and Ann Muirson married Wil
liam Dunlap, who bore the colors of the 47 th
Regiment, " Wolfe's Own," on the Plains of
Abraham, when Wolfe gained the great victory
and died. William Dunlap was a voluminous
author, and among his books are a Biography
of Charles Brockden Brown, The Arts of De
sign in the United States, and The History of
tbe New Netherlands. He was a pupil of
Benjamin West, and is best known as a painter.
Our third pastor's grandson, George Muir
son Woolsey, son of Benjamin, married Abby,
daughter of Joseph Howland. He was large
ly engaged in shipping in New York, owned
Green Hook, Long Island, and died at his
country-seat in Newtown, Long Island. His
son Charles William Woolsey perished in the
Lexington on Long Island Sound, January
13, 1840, leaving a widow and eight children,
the eldest twelve years old. His daughter
Mary Elizabeth Watts is the wife of the Rev.
Dr. Robert S. Howland, Rector of the Church
of the Heavenly Rest, Fifth Avenue, New

310 ^ HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
York, His daughter Georgiana Muirson is
the wife of Francis Bacon, who was graduated
M. D, at Yale, and is the Professor of Sur
gery in that College — a son of the Rev. Leon
ard Bacon, D. D., L.L. D. Charles Wm. Wool
sey's daughter Eliza Newton married Col-
Joseph Howland, an author and amateur
farmer at Matteawan, New York. Another
daughter of the same family, Harriet Roose
velt, married Dr. Hugh Lenox Dodge, L.L.
D., Professor in the Medical Department of
the University of Pennsylvania — the brother
of the Rev. Charles Dodge D. D., LL. D.
Another daughter, Caroline Carson, married
Edward Mitchell, a graduate of Columbia
College, a lawyer of New York, son of Judge
William Mitchell of that city. The son of
Charles William Woolsey, Col. Charles Wil
liam Woolsey, married Arixene Southgate
Smith, eldest daughter of Henry B. Smith,
D. D., LL. D., Professor of Theology in the
Union Theological Seminary, New York City,
one of the foremost of American scholars,
thinkers, authors, and his wife Elizabeth Lee,
his biographer, daughter of William Allen, D.
D., President of Bowdoin College. Col.

WOOLSEYS. 311
Woolsey is a gentleman farmer at Briar Cliff",
near Sing Sing, New York.
Our third pastor's grandson George Muir
son Woolsey had a son, Edward John Wool
sey, who married Emily Phillips Aspinwall,
sister of William H. Aspinwall and John
Lloyd Aspinwall, New York, and who died at
Astoria, Long Island, June 30, 1873, aged 71
years, leaving to his-son Edward John Wool
sey, Jr., one hundred thousand dollars and his
real estate in Newtown, Long Island, with
the furniture, books, pidlures, wines, crops
and farm utensils and stock, and a farm and
island adjoining, with other property ; and to
his wife all the rest of his real and personal
estate, including a country seat at Lenox,
Massachusetts, one of the finest in the State.
Our third Pastor's second daughter, Hannah,
married Samuel McCoun of Oyster Bay,
Long Island.
The third daughter, Mary, married, firsts
Piatt Smith, and, after his death. Dr. George
Muirson of Setauket, Long Island.
The fourth daughter, Abigail, married the
Rev. Dr. Noah Welles, a celebrated divine and
author, the redlor of the church of Stamford,
Connedlicut.

312 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
But two of Pastor Woolsey's children who
married were sons. Most of his descendants
are in the feminine branches of the family,
and these are perhaps not less eminent and
fruitful than the male branches.
Among the distinguished names in these
branches are those of Lt. Gov. John Broome ;
Dr. James Cogswell ; Chancellor William T.
McCoun ; Hon. Samuel McCoun ; Rear-Ad
miral Samuel Livingston Breese, U. S. Navy ;
Hon. Sidney Breese, Chief Justice of the Su
preme Court of Illinois, U. S, Senator; Sarah
Elizabeth Griswold, wife of Samuel Finley
Breese Morse, LL, D,, inventor of the tele
graph ; Susan Breese, wife of the Rev, Dr,
Pierre Alexis Proal ; Arthur Breese, U, S.
Navy; Hon. Peter W. Radcliff"; Mary Welles
Davenport, wife of James Boorman of New
York ; Rev. John Sidney Davenport ; Julia
Davenport Wheeler, wife of Selah Brewster
Strong, Esq., of St. George's Manor, Setau
ket, L. I,; Rev, James Radcliff Davenport;
Dr. Benjamin W'elles ; Rev. Benjamin Welles ;
George Welles McClure, U. S, Army ; Henry
Welles, twenty-one years Judge of the Supreme
Court of New York ; Sarah Haight Welles,
wife of the Hon, Thomas A, Johnson, Judge

WOOLSEY KIN, 313
of the Supreme Court of New York ; Mary
Eliza and Helen Lydia Welles, successively
wives of William Johnson, President of the
New Haven City Bank and of the New Ha
ven and Northampton Railroad ; Abigail
Woolsey Welles, wife of the Rev, Dr. Henry
Gilbert Ludlow, and mother of the well known
authors, Fitzhugh and Helen Welles Ludlow.
After the removal of the Rev. Benjamin
Woolsey to Dosoris; the church of Southold
was destitute of a pastor for two years ; but
on the 26th of Odlober, 1738, an ecclesiasti
cal council ordained and installed the Rev.
James Davenport as its Pastor.
His great-grandfather had been a celebrat
ed minister in London, England, and also in
Holland, was the chief founder of the City
and the Colony of New Haven, where he was
the first Minister of the Church; After the
New Haven Colony became identified with
that of Connedlicut, under the charter of the
latter, a union which he had most strenuously
resisted on behalf of the New Haven Colony,
and which was very unsatisfactory to himself.
he accepted a call to be the Pastor of the
First Church of Boston, Massachusetts, in
which office he died. He was one of the
?7

314 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
greatest, best and most influential men in the
early history of New England.
The father of our fourth Pastor was the
Rev. John Davenport, who was graduated at
Harvard College in 1687 and ordained and
installed the Pastor of Stamford, Connedlicut,
in 1694, and died in this office on the fifth of
February, 1731, aged sixty-one years, having
been an eminently faithful and useful minis
ter, and so familiar with the original languages
of the Bible that he was accustomed to use
them, and not a translation into English, in
his family worship.
His son James was born in Stamford, when
his father had become forty years of age, in
1 7 10, was graduated at Yale College in 1732,
second in social position in a class of twenty-
three, of whom nine became Ministers of the
Gospel, During three years of his College
course, two Southold men pursued their stud
ies with him in Yale, namely, Simon Horton
and Abner Reeve, who were graduated one
year preceding him. Though he was twenty-
two years of age at the time of his graduation,
he continued to reside in New Haven for sev
eral years thereafter, and during this period
he pursued his preparation for the gospel

DAVENPORT, 3 1 5
ministry with so much ardor and devotion
that his health was greatly impaired. He put
himself under the medical treatment of Dr,
Hubbard of that city, but this physician's
skill seeming to be inadequate to the case, he
went to Killingworth, Connedlicut, and be
came a member of the family of the Rev. Dr.
Jared Eliot — justly celebrated both as a phy
sician and a minister — in order that he might
have the benefit of his medical knowledge
and prescriptions. In this way, after a few
months, he so far recovered his health that he
was able to return to New Haven and resume
his studies. But this early breaking down of
his health prepared the way for subsequent
ailments and diseases which greatly affedled
both his body and his mind, and caused most
unhappy and painful consequences to himself
and to others during the later years of his
pastoral relation to the Church of Southold,
from which he was not released until 1744.
Throughout the two earlier years of his min
istry here, there was little departure from the
orderly and faithful attenti.on to his pastoral
duties and little want of the satisfadlory per
formance thereof; for in these earlier years
there was no serious failure of his health — no

3i6 History of southold.
prostration of his reason and judgment by
overpowering mental and physical maladies.
When the first century of the Histoiy of
Southold closed, in 1740, he had not become
deeply involved in those erratic and irrational
proceedings for which he has been severely re
proached, and somewhat unjustly blamed, be
cause sufficient allowance has not been gen
erally made for the effedls of the diseases
from which he was suffering in mind and body,
and which rendered him in the just judgment
of the Civil Court of Boston non compos mentis,
and therefore not guilty, even though it was
evident that he had, in the denunciation of
good men, committed offences which a per
son of sound mind could not have committed
without making hirnself worthy of condemna
tion and liable to punishment.
In the spring of 1738 his ministry was de
sired at Maidenhead and Hopewell, now Law-
renceville and Pennington, New Jersey, and
the Presbytery of Philadelphia wrote to him
in behalf of those congregations ; but, as the
Rev, Dr, Sprague says in his " Annals of the
American Pulpit," Vol, 3, p, 81, "he received
a call from Southold, Long Island, about the
same time, to which he gave the preference.

FOURTH pastor's ordination, 317
Southold was the oldest town on the Island,
and had been left vacant, in 1736, by the re
moval of the Rev, Benjamin Woolsey, His
ordination took place on the 26th of Odlober,
1738, Among the ministers composing the
council was his brother-in-law, the Rev, (after
wards Dr,) Stephen Williams of Longmead-
ow," The Rev, Richard Webster, in his " Histo
ry of the Presbyterian Church in America,"
makes essentially the same statements re
spedling Mr, Davenport, thus : " He seems
to have preached in New Jersey in the close
of 1737; for Philadelphia Presbytery gave
leave, March 12, 1738, to Maidenhead and
Hopewell, (Lawrence and Pennington,) to
send for him, and also wrote a letter for them
to him. He' preferred to settle at Southold, '
the Oldest town on Long Island, left vacant
in 1736 by the removal of Mr, Woolsey, ahd
was ordained by a council, Odl, 26th, 1738,"
The remarkable career of this famous man
in the later years of his pastoral relation to
the First Church of Southold, is worthy of
full and careful narration ; but the narrative
does not properly belong to the history of the
First Century of this place, and must wait for

5 1 8 history of southold..
another volume. It will for the present suf
fice to add, that his wayward and turbulent
course continued as long as he was under the
control of those maladies, which made him,, in
the judgment of good sense and charitable
construdlion, not responsible for his enthusi
asm, bitterness, fanatical errors and unjust
denunciations of good men, in all of which he
followed in the footsteps of Whitefield, but
not with equal rashness and culpability.
The latest years of his life were marked by
humility of heart, sweetness of disposition,
and a becoming sobriety of temper and judg
ment. And it should not be overlooked, that
these latest years were devoted to the spirit
ual welfare of " the people of Maidenhead and
Hopewell " in the very place where his servi
ces were desired twenty years before the date
of his death and just before his settlement in
Southold. He died while he was the pastor
of the New Side Presbyterian church of Hope
well, whose house of worship stood about a
mile west of Pennington. He was buried in
the cemetery which marks the site where this
church edifice, now gone, formerly stood.
On the eighteenth of May, 1877, I visited
this hallowed ground. By the kindness of

NEW SIDE GRAVE YARD. 319-
the Rev George Hale, D. D.„ former Pastor
of the First Presbyterian Church of Penning
ton and now Secretary of the General Assem
bly's Board of Ministerial Relief, I became
the guest of the Rev. Daniel R. Foster, the
present Pastor of that church, whose abund
ant hospitality included a drive in bis com
fortable carriage to this old cemetery of the
" New Side " Presbyterians of the neighbor
hood in Colonial times. The day was warm
for the month of May, the temperature being
90° in the shade. Tbe cemetery fronts towards
the south or southwest. There is a bluff a
few feet high between it and the carriage
way in the public road that passes by it. On
the same general level with the top of this
low bluff is the greater part of the burying
ground, which slopes down very gently
towards the east. In front of the cemetery
is a substantial wall as high as a man's waist,
and distant perhaps two rods from the edge
of the bluff at the side of the road. This
space of ground between the edge of the
bluff and the wall, and extending the whole
length of the cemetery, is beautifully covered
with natural sward, in which grow a few large
and noble trees — a maple, two or three white

320 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
oaks and as many black walnuts. The effedls
of age and of storms can be seen upon the
maple. There are also a few fine trees with- -
in the sacred grounds. North or north-west
of Mr. Davenport's grave — a rod distant from
its side — is a magnificent elm. Another
somewhat more remote from the foot of the
tomb lifts its noble form high into the air.
The marble over the grave is a large horizon
tal slab, and the inscription is carefully and
neatly cut. The marble rests on a substrudl-
ure of brick-work, in which a few of the bricks
at the head of the grave have become dis
placed. On the south of tbe grave is that of Mrs.
Davenport, marked with a vertical stone at
the head, which is towards the west, and the
inscription is on the west face of the stone.
The lettering is neat and legible.
The land on every side for a mile away is
fertile and well cultivated. Many single trees
stand here and there in fields, or along the
lines of fences ; enough to give to the scene
in a warm day the aspedl of retirement, fresh
ness and repose. The effedl is heightened
by the circumstance, that but few dwellings or

Davenport inscriptions. 321
other buildings stand nearer than half a mile
from the cemetery.
The inscriptions are as follows:
IN MEMORY 'OF
The Revd. JAMES DAVENPORT
WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE
NOVR. lOTH 1757,
AGED 40 YEARS.
Oh Davenport, a Seraph once in Clay,
A brighter Seraph now in heavenly Day,
How glow'd thy Heart, with sacred Love and zeal !
How like to that thy kindred Angels feel !
Cloth'd in Humility, thy Virtues shone.
In every eye illustrious but thine own.
How like thy Master, on whose friendly Breast
Thou oft hast lean'd, and shalt forever rest !
IN
IN MEMORY OF
PARNEL WIFE OF
THE REVD
JAMES DAVENPORT
WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE
AUGUST 21ST 1789
AGED 60 YEARS.
Mr, Davenport had one .son, John, who
was born at Philippi, New Jersey, August 1 1 ,
1752, graduated at the College of New Jer
sey in 1769, being a classmate with the Rev,
Dr, Matthias Burnett, Gov. John Henry of
Maryland, and the Rev. Dr. Samuel Stanhope

322 ¦ HISTORV OF SOUTHOLD.
Smith, President of the College. He studied
for the ministry under the Rev. Dr. Joseph
Bellamy, of Bethlehem, Connedlicut, and also
under the Rev. Dr. Samuel Buell, of Easthamp
ton, Long Island. In his early life he was
an intimate friend of Aaron Burr, and while
pursuing his theological studies under Dr-
Buell, he wrote to Burr, who was residing
with Dr. Bellamy, and made known his desire,
that this ambitious man would give himself to
the ministry of the gospel. He said : " I
hope you are by this time fully resolved to
engage io the sacred work of the ministry,
and that you see your way clear to do it.
You are placed under a very judicious as well
as pious divine, whose instrudlion and con
versation have, I hope, proved to your spirit
ual benefit. I rejoice to find you are pleased
with your situation, and wish it may continue."
John Davenport' was ordained at Easthamp
ton, Long Island, by the Presbytery of Suf
folk County, on the fifteenth of June, 1774.
The Rev. Messrs. John Storrs, Ebenezer Prime,
Samuel Buell, James Brown, Joshua Hart and
David Rose took part in the service. He re
mained in the Presbytery of Suffolk County
until April 12, 1786, when he was dismissed

CIVIL GOVERNMENT, 323
to accept a call to be the Pastor of the church
at Bedford, Westchester County, New York,
While he remained on the Island he minister
ed chiefly at Mattituck, After his ministry at
Bedford, he was installed as the Pastor of the
church in Deerfield, Cumberland County,
New Jersey, August 12, 1795, and was releas
ed on account of ill health in Odlober, 1805.
He returned to the State of New York in
1809, and died at Lysander, Onondaga Coun
ty, July 13, 1 82 1, in the 69th year of his age.
He had a sister older than himself. Her
name was Elizabeth. She married Mr. Enos
Kelsey, a merchant of Princeton, New Jersey,
where they lived and died. Their graves are
in the Princeton cemetery.
Throughout the later periods of the First
Century of Southold the civil government was
orderly and peaceful. The royal province,
after the departure of Cornbury, was under
the administrations of Gov, John Lovelace,
1 708-1 7 10; Gov. Robert Hunter, 17 10-17 19;
Gov, William Burnet, 1720-1727; Gov. John
Montgomerie, 1 728-1 731 ; Gov. WiUiam Cos
by,, 1 732-1 736; Lieut. Gov. George Clarke,
1 736-1 743. The members of the Assembly
from Suffolk were William Nicholl, 1701-

324 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
1723, Speaker, in 1702-1716; Samuel Mul-
ford, 1705-1720; Samuel Hutchinson, 172 1-
1737; Epenetus Piatt, 1 723-1 739.

Autograph of Samuel Hutchinson in 1721.
For the county administration in this pe
riod the County Judges were successively Jo
seph Fordham, who succeeded our Isaac Ar
nold, and Henry Smith. The Surrogates, Jo
seph Fordham, Jekamiah Scott, Brindley Syl
vester and Henry Smith. The Sheriffs were
Richard Floyd, 1 708, John Brush, Daniel Sayre,
Joshua Hortolti, Joseph Wickham, Daniel
Youngs, Samuel Dayton, William Sell, Joseph
Smith, David Corey, Jacob Conklin, and in
1740, Thomas Higbie. The County Clerks
were Andrew Gibb, C. Congreve, Samuel
Hudson and William Smith. In this period
Shelter Island became detached from South-
old in the civil administration of Town affairs.
It had hitherto been a part of the Town of
Southold in political organization as well as

SHELTER ISLAND, 325
in church relations. But in 1730 it was eredl
ed into a separate corporation, having at that
time twenty men who were of full age, namely :
Joel Bowditch, John Bowditch, Daniel Brown,
Thomas Conklin, Edward Oilman, Edward
Havens, George Havens, Henry Havens,
John Havens, Jonathan Havens, Joseph Hav
ens, Samuel Hopkins, Samuel Hudson, Syl
vester L'Hommedieu, William Nicholl, Abra
ham Parker, Elisha Paine, Brindley Sylvester,
Noah Tuthill and Samuel Vail. Some of
these persons, e.specially William Nicholl and
Brindley Sylvester, like wealthy men on all
parts of Long Island, owned many negro
slaves. Their first Town Meeting was held
April 7, 1730, and-William Nicholl was chos
en Supervisor ; John Havens and Samuel
Hudson, Assessors ; Edward Havens, CoUedl
or ; and Edward Oilman, Clerk.
In 1733 they built a church edifice with a
view to the uses of the Town and the forma
tion of a Presbyterian Church. The congre
gation was incorporated under the law of the
State on the 26th of April, 1785, when John N.
Havens, Sylvester Deering and William Bow
ditch were eledled Trustees ; but the church
was not fully organized until 1808. Brindley
28

326 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Sylvester, son of Nathaniel Sylvester, was a
grandson of that Nathaniel Sylvester, who in
1674 became the owner of the whole of Shel
ter Island. This Brindley Sylvester maintain
ed his own private Chaplain, the Licentiate
William Adams, a son of the Rev. Eliphalet
Adams, of New London. But Mr. Sylvester's
church membership was in the Southold
church and here he worshipped habitually,
and his family also, every Sabbath day. His
boat was rowed for this purpose by four men
or by six men according to the condition of
wind, tide and weather. On the death of Mr.
Sylvester, whose funeral was condudled by
the Rev. William Throop, Pastor of Southold,
and the sermon printed in Boston, the Licen
tiate William Adams became in 1752 the
Chaplain of Thomas Deering, son-in-law of
Mr. Sylvester. It was in 1737 that Mr. Syl
vester eredled his dwelling, which is now the
summer residence of Prof. Eben N. Horsford,
Mrs. Horsford, a daughter of the late Samuel
S. Gardiner, Esq., being an heir through the
Havens and the L'Hommedieu families. It
was in part built of materials imported from
England and used in the construdlion of hi&
grandfather's residejiqe iri 1670, In 1695^

supervisors. 327
Brindley Sylvester's uncle Giles Sylvester
sold one fourth of the Island to William
Nicholl for ;^50G, and by will in 1720 he
gave him another quarter of it. In 1695,
also, Brindley Sylvester's father sold one
thousand acres in the centre of the Island
to George Havens, a Welshman.
This separation of Shelter Island fromi
Southold in its political organization was the
chief event in the civil affairs of the old Town
in the later periods of its First Century.
From 1694 until the present day the prin^
cipal civil officer of the Town has been the
Supervisor. During the first half of the last
century this office was filled successively by
John Tuthill, Benjamin Youngs, Thomas
Mapes, James Reeve, Samuel Hutchinson,
Samuel Beebe, James Fanning, Thomas
Reeve, Joshua Youngs, and Samuel Landon ;
by the latter from 1739 to 1752.
In these orderly and peaceful times, the
people were virtuous, diligent and prosperous,
increasing in number, intelligence and wealth.
They well maintained the good charadler of
the Church and Town.

INDEX

Adams, William, the chaplain of Brindley Sylvester, 326.
Akerly, Robert, came early to Southold, 32, 45 ; removed
to Brook Haven, 50.
Allerton, Isaac, 252.
Ames, Rev. Dr. William, widow and children of, in Salem
and lands there voted them, 24 ; his life and char
adler, 250, 251.
Andros, Major Edmund, thanked by the Duke of York
for compelling the East End to submit to his gov
ernment, 194.
Aquebogue, purchase from the Indians of, 202.
Arnold, Isaac, born about 1640 and died in 1706, a chief
man of Southold in the second generation, 34; here
before the death of the first pastor, 45 ; a merchant,
ship-owner, patentee of the town, judge of the coun
ty, judge of Leisler, 86 ; slave-owner, 87 ; site of his
bouse, 86, 87 ^ appointed in 1673 schout of the east
end towns, 149; declined the office, 157; authorized
to have a pew in the Meeting House, 212.
Autograph of Benjamin Youngs, 192 ; of William Wells,
198; of Benjamin Woolsey, 259; of Samuel Hutch
inson, 324,
Bacon, Rev. Dr. Leonard, " Historical Discourses " of,
56 ; quotation from his pen, 57.
Baker, Thomas, an earl^ settler of Southold, 45 ; removed
to Easthampton, 49.
Bancroft, George, testimony of, to the Puritans, 65.

330 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Banisters of the Meeting House gallery, bill for, 233.
Baptism basin, bill for tending with, 233.
Barbadoes, trade of Southold with, 94.
Barberini, popedom of, 73.
Barrow, Isaac, contemporary with the founders of South-
old, 76.
Baskingridge, N. J., 278, 279.
Baxter, Richard, contemporary with" the founders of
Southold, 76 ; published his Theology in the year of
the Rev. Joshua Hobart's ordination, 196.
Bayley, John, an early settler of Southold, removed to
Jamaica, first of the patentees and of the purchasers
of the Indian title of Elizabeth, N. J., 28, 45, 51.
Bellamont, Lord, Governor of New York, 237.
Bellamy, Rev. Dr. Joseph, 266.
Bellarmine, Cardinal, 251.
Benedidl, Henry M., author of the " Benedidl Genealogy,"
51-
Benedidl, Thomas, an early settler of Southold, 45 ; his
nine children born here, removed to Jamaica and
then to Norwalk, Ct., 51.
Benjamin, Richard, an early settler of Southold, grave-
digger, site of his house, 85 ; freed from training,
etc., 197.
Benjamin, Simeon, an early settler of Southold, 45.
Biblical code, advantages of, 98-100.
Blue Laws of Connedlicut. an imaginary code, 62.
Board of Church Trustees in Southold. first eledled, 230.
Bochart, Samuel, 75.
Bonsly, Rev. W. T., Diocesan Registrar of Norwich,
letter'of, 21.
Booth, John, an early settler of Southold, 45.
Boundary Commissioners merge New Haven in Con
nedlicut, 68, 69; private instrudlions to, no.
Boundaries between Southold and Southampton ad
justed, 94.
Bowne, John, described by Capt. John Underbill, 50;
married Hannah Feke, 51.
Brainerd, Rev. Messrs. David and John, and Rev. Dr.
Thomas, 267.
Branford, people of, removed to Newark, N. J., 69.
Brazil in 1640 acquired by the Netherlands, 73.
Brewster, Rev. James F., pastor of the Presbyterian
church of Chester, N. J., quotation from, 273.

INDEX. ' ii^
British troops in Southold during the war of Independi-
ence, 243.
Brook Haven submitted to the Dutch, 1 52.
Brown, Richard, an early settler of Southold, 45.
Brown, Richard, Jr., an early settler, 45.
Budd, John, sketch of, 34, 35, 45 ; site of his Southold
home, 84.
Bunyan, John, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 74; publis^hed in 1678 the Pilg'rim's Pro
gress, 196.
Burr, Rev. Aaron, 262.
Burr, Aaron, Vice-President of the United States, 262.
Byles, Rev. Dr. Mather, author of Rev. Joshua Hobart's
epitaph, 243, 244.
Calves' Neck, allotment of, 90, 91.
Carpenter, Richard, residence of, 198.
Carroll, Col. Thomas, residence of, 85.
Carwithe, David, an early settler, 45.
Case, Albertson, Esq., quotation from his " Historical
Sketch of Southold," 83, 84.
Case, Henry, an early settler, 45 ; site of his home-lot, 85.
Case, J. Wickham, built the residence now on Charles
Glover's original home-lot, 85.
Cemetery of the First Church, 123.
Changes and- war, 129.
Changes of the Southold tax lists in eight years, 221, 222.
Chapter I., 17-78 ; II., 81-126 ; TIL, 129-164 ; IV., 167-187 ;
v., 191-245 ; VI., 249-282 ; VII., 285-327.
Charles II. desired to oppress the Puritans in America,
1 10 ; his charadler, in; his death, 161 .
Chester, N. J., migration to and sketch of, 272-277.
Cheston, Roger, an early settler, 45.
Chief Concern of the east end towns, 148.
Children bequeathed, 94.
Chillingworth, William, contemporary with the founders
of Southold, 74.
Church ceased to be a Town church and became an In
dependent church, 281.
Church edifice, first in Southold, where built, 57 ; second,
third, fourth, 217.
Church goers in cold weather, 281.
Clarendon, Earl of, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 76 ; father of Lord Cornbury, 235.

332 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Clark, Richard, an early settler, 45.
Clarke, Samuel, bill of, for building the Meeting House
gallery, 233,
Clerks of the county, 324.
Cleveland, Benjamin, Genealogy of, 122..
Cleveland, Deacon Moses C, residence of, 198.
Code, Biblical, knowledge of, in Southold, 99.
Coe, Judge Benjamin, 264, 265.
Coke, Sir Edward, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 74.
Colbert, statesman of France, 195.
Colve, Capt. Anthony, Governor of New York, charadler
and administration of, 141 ; his authority declined by-
the East End, 141, 142; letter of, to the Governor of
Connedlicut, 160.
Commerce in the early years of Southold, 77,
Commissioners of Emigration, 18, 19.
Commissioners of the Dutch visit the East End, 158 ; and
return to New York, 159.
Common and undivided lands, laws relating to, 209-211.
Commoners' incorporation, 209, 210.
Conklin, David T., residence of, east of Capt. John Un
derbill's original home-lot, 85.
Conklin, Jacob and Samuel, bills of, for Meeting House
banisters, 233.
Conklin, Jacob, an early settler, 45,
Conklin, John, an early settler, removed to Huntington,
33. 45-
Conklin, John, Jr., an early settler, 45 ; tomb-stone of,
122. ' .
Connedlicut, boundaries of, extended over the New Haven
Colony, 68 ; charter of, 130 ; appointed its Governor
and Capt. John Youngs of Southold to settle the
English Plantations on Long Island, but soon dis
claimed these towns, 131-133.
Convenience houses, 281, 282.
Cooper, John, an early settler of Southampton, 31 ; in
Southold warns the Dutch, 157, 158.
Cooper, Thomas, an early settler of Southold, 45.
Corey, Abraham, an early settler, 45.
Corey, Jacob, born perhaps in Southold, 33 ; lived here
before pastor Youngs's death. 45; an appraiser of
the pastor's estate, 115 ; and died here in 1706.
Corey, John, an early settler, 45.

INDEX, 333
Cornbury, Lord, persecuted the Presbyterians, 237-239.
Corwin, Rev. Edward Tanjore, D. D„ "Corwin Gene
alogy " of, 32. '
Corwin, John, an early settler, 45 ; appraiser of the first <
pastor's estate, 115.
Corwin, John and Hannah, bills of, for sweeping the
Meeting House, 233.
Corwin, Matthias, came early to Southold, 32 ; contem
porary with the first Pastor, 45 ; ancestor of many
_ eminent men, 55.
County of Suffolk formed, 282.
County Court, where held, 282,
County Court House built at Riverhead, 282.
Cow keeping, 93.
Cowley, Abraham, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 76. ~
Cramer, William, an early settler, 45 ; removed to Eliza
beth, N. J., 52.
Criminal laws, mildness of the Biblical code, 99.
Cromwell, Oliver, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 75.
Curtis, Caleb, an early settler, 45.
Curtis, Thomas, an early settler, 45.
Cutchogue, purchase from the Indians of, 202.
Cuyler, Rev. Dr. Theodore Ledyard, a descendant of the
Rev. Azariah Horton, 269.
Davenport, Rev. John, first Pastor of New Haven, set
forth the purposes of the jurisdidlion, 56 ; removed
to Boston, 71.
Davenport, Rev. James, ancestry, birth and education of,
313 ; called to Maidenhead and Hopewell, N. J., 316 ;
ordained Pastor of Southold, 317 ; his remarkable
career, 318; removes to Connedlicut Farms, N, J.,
264 ; becomes Pastor of Maidenhead and Hopewell,
and dies there, 318; description of his burial place
and inscriptions on the tomb-stones of himself and
his wife, 319-321.
Davenport, Rev. John, son of Southold's fourth pastor,
321-323.
Dealings with the Indians, 107.
Deed of Confirmation, 207, 208.
De Propaganda Fide College founded, 73.

334 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
Des Cartes, contemporary with the founders of South--
old, 74.
Dickerson, John, an early settler, 46; removed to Eliza
beth, N, J., 52.
Dickerson, Malilon, eredled in Southold a monument to
the memory of his ancestor Philemon, and Phile
mon's sons, Peter and Thomas, and the latter's sons
who removed to Morris county, N. J., 53. 122,
Dickerson, Peter, an early settler, 46.
Dickerson, Philemon, an early settler, 46, 53 ; site of his
home-lot, 85.
Dickerson, Philemon, Governor of New Jersey, a de
scendant of Philemon Dickerson of Southold, 53, 122,
Dickinson, Daniel S., Senator of the United States, a de
scendant of Philemon Dickerson of Southold, 53, 122,
Dickinson, Rev. Jonathan, first President of the College
of New Jersey, 241.
Dimon, Thomas, an early settler, 46.
Division of the parish lands, 280.
Domenicheno, Zampieri, contemporary with the founders
of Southold, 75.
Dongan, Thomas, Governor of New York, the East End
under the Government of, 194.
Dordrecht, Synod of, 251.
Dosoris, description of, 285-291.
Dryden, John, contemporary of Rev. Joshua Hobart, 196,
Dutch ai"med vessels recapture New York, 140; leave
Capt. Anthony Colve, Governor, and carry Gov.
Lovelace to Europe, 141.
Dutch Government grants privilege to the East End
towns, 147 ; appoints officers for Southold, 149.
Dutch and Connedlicut Commissioners encounter in
Southold, 155.
Dwight, Dr. Benjamin W., the " Woolsey Genealogy "
of, 292.
Dwight, Rev. Dr. Timothy, husband of Mary Woolsey,
and their descendants, 302, 303,
Early settlers of Southold, virtues of, 44 ; life and works,
161 ; their household furniture and farming utensils,
162 ; had no physician, 164; their household and pub
lic worship, 164.
East End asks protedlion for the whale fishing, 142; re
quired but declined to swear fidelity to the Dutch,

index, 335
150; under the administration of Gov. Dongan. 194;
effedl of the English Revolution of 1688 on, 194.
'East Riding of Yorkshire on Long Island asks the Dutch
conquerors for privileges, 144.
Edes, Nicholas, an early settler, 46,
Education required in Southold early, loi.
Edwards, Matthias, an early settler, 46.
Elizabeth, N. J., migration to, 272.
Eltouj John, an early settler, 46.
Emigration, Commissioners of, forbid Rev. John Youngs's
passage, 18; when appointed, 19.
England, John, an early settler, 46.
English in New England when Southold was settled, 78.
Episcopal Church, introdudlion of, into New York, 235-
237-
Esty, Jeffrey, an early settler, 46.
Europe, condition of, in the earlier part of the Rev.
Joshua Hobart's ministry, 195.
Evans, Rev. Dr. James S., 277.
Exchange of land for the Rev. Joshua Hobart, 181.
Fac Simile of the writing of William Wells, Recorder,
198; of the signature of Benjamin Youngs, 192; of
the signature of Benjamin Woolsey, 259 ; of the sig
nature of Samuel Hutchinson, 324,
Fanley, William, an early settler, 46 ; removed to Brook
Haven, 50.
Farrett, James, leased land in Southold to Matthew Sun
derland June 18, 1639; gave a receipt, September 4,
1639, for rent paid thereon, and September g, 1649,
another receipt for the second year's rent, 36 ; this
lease granted a year earlier than his first transac
tions with the settlers of Southampton, 37 ; gave to
Richard Jackson a deed for land in Southold, August
15, 1640, earlier than his deed for land in Southamp
ton, 37.
Farrington, Edmund, promoted the settlement of South
ampton, 32,
Feke, Elizabeth, wife of Capt. John Underbill, and sister
of John Bowne's wife, 50.
Feke, Hannah, prospedlive marriage of, made known to
Gov, Winthrop, 50,
First Church of Southold eledled Trustees earlier than
any other on Long Island, 229,

336

HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,

First settlers of Southold, names of many, unknown,
virtues of, 44 ; names of many, 45-48 ; charadler of,
48 ; some removed, 49; graves where made, 57,
Fithian, William Y., residence of, on the original home-
lot of Thomas Moore, 85.
Flatbush, Reformed Church of, eledled its first Trustees
later than First Church of Southold did, 229.
Fletcher, Benjamin, Governor of New York, 236.
Flint, Benoni, an early settler, 46 ; witness of the Indian
deed, 204.
Floyd, Hon. David G., 270.
Franklin, John, an early settler, 46.
French, Rev. Frederick, Redlor of Worlingworth and
Southolt, letter of, 21.
Frost, John, an early settler, 46 ; removed to Brook
Haven, 50.
Fundamental order or constitution of the New Haven
Colony, 66-68.
Galileo, Galilei, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, persecuted, 73.
Gallery built in 1699 at the west end of the Meeting
House and in 1700 at the east end, 232 ; bill therefor,
333.
Gardiner, Samuel S., 326.
Glover, Charles, an early settler, 46 ; site of his home-
lot, 85.
Glover, Samuel, an early settler, 46.
Goldsmith, Beulah, residence of, on the original home.
lot of Henry Case, 85.
Goldsmith, Major Joshua, one of the original Board of
Trustees of the First Church, 230; succeeded Free-
gift Wells as Deacon, 232,
Goldsmith, Ralph, an early settler, 46.
Goodyear, Stephen, bought land in Southold of Thomas
Weatherby and sold it to John Ketcham, 37.
Governmental changes caused trouble and suffering, 129;
transferred Southold from New Haven to Connedli
cut, 130; and from Connedlicut to New York, 132.
Graves of the first settlers, where made, 57.
Grave-digger, first, Richard Benjamin, 198.
Greete, John, an early settler, 46.
Griffin, Augustus, "Journal "of, contains a fanciful story
of the settlement of Southold, 26; names of his

INDEX, 337
"thirteen adventurers," 27 ;' his. charadler, 27; his
narrative romantic, 28 ; his thirteen adventurers in
clude men of different generations, 28,
Grotius, Hugo, ciontemporary with the founders of
' Southold, .74.
Grover, SamueK an early settler, 46.
Grover, Simon, an early settler, 46.
Guericke, Otto von, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 74.
Guido, Reni, contemporary with the founders of South-
old, 75.
Gun-racks in church, 109.
Haines, James, an early settler, 46.
Haines, John, an early settler, 46 ; removed to Elizabeth
JS. J., 52.
Hallock, Peter, probably father of William, 30.
Hallock, William, an early settler, ancestor of Halliocks,
Hallocks, (including Gerard, Rev. Moses, aijid other
eminent men), Hallecks, (including Fitz-Greene,
Major General Henry Wager, and others), wrote his
name Holyoake, 30, 46.
Hallock, Rev. Dr. William A., author of the " Hallock
Genealogy," 30.
Hampden, John, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 75.
-Hampton, Rev. John Presbyterian Minister, persecuted
by Lord Cornbury, 239,
Harrude, Richard, an early settler, 46.
Harvey, William, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 74.
Havens, George, of Shelter Island, 327.
Hayes, Rev. Charles Wells, author of " William Wells of
Southold arid his descendants," 121. ^
Hayes, Robert P., 121.
Henderson, Rev, Jacob, 258.
Herbert, John, an early settler, 46.
Herbert, John, Jr., an early settler, 46 ; land of, bought
for the use of the Minister, 223 ; present church
edifice and parsonage on it, 225.
Hildreth, James, an early settler, 46.
Hillhouse, James, and his kindred, 295, 2^6.
Hingham, England, 25,
29

338 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Historical Society of Long Island has the Southold
Church's gun*rack, 109.
Hobart, Edmund, grandfather of Southold's second pas
tor, 167.
Hobart, Rev. Gershom, birth, life and death of, 171.
Hobart, Irene, daughter of Pastor Hobart and wife of
Daniel Way, 245.
Hobart, Dr. Japheth, birth, life and death of, 171, 172.
Hobart, Rev. Jeremiah, birth, life and death of, 170; his
wife and her kindred, 171.
Hobart, Rev. Joshua, ancestry of, 167; his birth, educa
tion, and ordination in Southold, 170; settlement
and salary, 178-180; cost of his house, time of the
yearly payment of his salary, relative value of his
dwelling and salary, 180; site of his dwelling, 182;
its charadler, and bis successors in it, 183; exchange
of land of, 181, 182 ; prominent and active in political
affairs, in the introdudlion of new manufadlures and
mechanic arts, in the pradlice of medicine, in the
care of the Town poor, in the settlement of estates,
in the adjustment of disagreements, 211 ; sells his
house and farm to the Town for a parsonage, 233-
235 ; his death, 242 ; his tomb-stone and epitaph,
242-245.
Hobart, Margaret (Vassel), wife of the Rev. Joshua Ho
bart, 173.
Hobart, Mary (Rainsford), wife of the Rev. Joshua Ho
bart, marriage of, 173; her death, grave, tomb-stone,
245.
Hobart, Rev. Nehemiah, birth, life and death of, 171.
Hobart, Rev. Noah, nephew of the Southold pastor,
statements of, respedling the family, 174.
Hobart, Rev. Peter, father of the second Pastor of
Southold, sketch of, 167-170.
Horton house, enlargement of, for a county court house,
214; pidlure of, 215.
Horton, Rev, Azariah, sketch of, 265-269; born in the
old Horton house. Missionary among the Indians at
Shinnecock and at the Forks of the Delaware, 266-
268 ; first Pastor of Madison, N. J. ; death, grave,
and inscription on his tomb-stone, 268; monument
to and descendants of, including the Rev. Theodore
L. Cuyler, D. D., 269.
Horton, Barnabas, born in Mouseley, Leicestershire,

iNDfix, 339
England, 28 ; after 1640 lived and died in Southold,
29; an early'settler, 46; site of his home-lots, 84;
description of his tomb-stone, 122.
Horton, Benjamin, an early settler, 46.
Horton, Caleb, an early settler, 46.
Horton, David P., residence of, on the original home-
lots of Barnabas Horton, 84.
Horton, George F., M. D., author of the "Horton Gen
ealogy," 29.
Horton, Jonathan, Jr., father of the Rev. Azariah Hor
ton, 265.
Horton, Joseph, an early settler, 46.
Horton, Joshua, appraiser of the first Pastor's estate,
IIS-
Horton, Rev. Simon, born in the old Horton house, 263;
sketch of, 263-265.
Horton, Theodore K., visit of, to Mouseley, England. 122.
Horton, Deacon William, presided at the first eledlion of
Trustees of the First Church, 231.
Hospitality in winter to Church-goers, 281.
Houldsworth, Jonas, an early settler who removed to
Huntington, 46.
Howe, Capt. Daniel, a planter of Southampton, 31.
Howe, John, contemporary with the founders of South-
old, 76,
Howell, George R., historian of Southampton, 31 ; un-
; historic claim of, that Southampton is the oldest
Town on Long Island, 40.
Howell, Richard, an early settler, 46.
Hubbard, Rev. John, of Jamaica, generosity and suffer
ing of, 238.
Hunter, Col. Robert, Governor of New York, arrests
persecution and gives Southold an opportunity to
build a new Meeting House, 239; controversy with
Episcopal Ministers, 258.
Huntington submits to the Dutch, 152.
Hutchinson, Samuel, member of Assembly, etc., auto-
, graph of, 324.
Hutchinson, Thomas, an early settler, 46; delegate from
Southold to confer with the Dutch conquerors, 146 ;
declined to be a magistrate of Southold under the
Dutch government, 157.
Huntting, Edward, residence of, on the original hon>e-
lot of Barnabas Wines, -85.

340 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Huntting, Jonathan W., residence of, on the original
home-lot of John Budd, 85.
Hyde, Edward, Lord Cornbury, Governor of New York,
charadler and administration of, 235-239.
Incorporation of the Commoners, 209; of the First
Church, 229-232.
Indian name of Southold, 25, 43.
Indian Deed, 202-204.
Indian names of the sellers of the land of the Town, 204.
Indian title purchased in August, 1640, after the settle-
pient of Southold, 39 ; older than Southampton's, 41,
Indian wars and ravages, 197.
Indians, Rev. Azariah Horton's Mission to, 266-268.
Indians, sale of dogs to, prohibited, but on certain con
ditions rum and arms allowed, 95 ; dealings with,
107.
Inscriptions on the tomb-stones of Barnabas Horton, 29 ;
the Rev. John Youngs, 114; William Wells, Esq.;
120; the Rev. Joshua Hobart, 244; the Rev. Ben
jamin Woolsey, 292 ; the Rev. James Davenport and
his wife, 321.
Interlopers, 61.
Intrusion needless, 97.
Isaacs, Esther, wife of Benjamin Woolsey, Jr., and her
kindred, 299-303.
Jackson, Richard, an early settler, obtains a deed for land
in Southold August 15, 1640, and Odlober 25, 1640,
sells his land, house, etc., 37, 46.
Jamaica, Long Island, Cornbury's robbery of the Presby
terians in, 237-239.
James, Rev. Thomas, delegate from Easthampton to con
fer with the Dutch conquerors, 146.
Jansen, Cornelius, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, Dodlrine of Augustine of, 73.
Jennings, Joseph, an early settler, 46.
Jessup, John, delegate from Southampton to confer with
the Dutch conquerors, 146.
Johnson, Rev. Frank A., Pastor of the Congregational
Church of Chester, N. J., quotation from, 272.
Johnson, William, an early settler, 46; removed to Eliza
beth, N. J., 52.

INDEX, 341
Jones, Jeffrey, an early settler, 46 ; removed to Elizabeth,
N.J., 52.
Judges of Suffolk County, 324.
Kepler, Johann, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 74.
Ketch, value of, 94.
Ketchabonnach, first Minister of, a Southold man, 260.
Ketcham, John, an early settler, sells land to Thomas
Moore, 38, 46.
King, John, an early settler, 46.
King, Samuel, an early settler, 46.
Kircher, Athanasius, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 74,
Knyffe, Captain, and others sent by the Dutch to ac
cept the submission of the East End, 150, 152.
Ladder to be ready for use, 91.
Lamb, Rev. Joseph, in 1717, first Minister of Mattituck,
(where his wife died), removed to Baskingridge, N,
J,, 24L, 278.
Land, who might buy in Southold, 96.
Landon, Francis, residence of, on the site of Col. Arnold's
dwelling, 93.
Landon, Jared, one of the first Board of Church Trustees,
230.
Laws of New York respedling church property, 225-229;
of Southold made by and for a virtuous and thrifty
people. 95.
Lester, Col. Thomas S., residence of on the original
Calves Neck, 89.
L'Hommedieu, Hon. Ezra, sketch of, 227-230.
Lightfoot, John, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 76.
Lincoln, Hon. Solomon, historian of Hingham, Mass.,
letter of, 172-174.
Lloyd, James, and his descendants, 293, 294.
Locke, John, contemporary with Rev. Joshua Hobart,
196.
London, great plague and fire in, 195.
Long Parliament met two weeks after the organization
of the Southold Church, 78.
Lord, Hon. Frederick W., M. D., 270.
Lost art, to make vice and crime pay their expenses, 92.

342 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Lovelace, Gov. Francis, charadler and administration of,
139 ; burns the protests of Southold, Southampton
and Easthampton, 140.
Mackemie, Rev. Francis, Presbyterian Minister, perse
cuted by Lord Cornbury, 239.
Manning, Captain, surrenders New York, 141.
Mapes, Thomas, an early settler, 31, 32 ; site of his home-
lot, 85 ; appointed to lay out Calves Neck, 91.
Mather, Rev. Nathaniel, Pastor of Aquebogue, 241.
Mattituck, purchase from the Indians of, 202; reasons
for the organization of the Church of, 240-242 ; first
Pastor of, 241 ; Church of, admitted to the Presby
tery of Long Island, 278.
Mayflower, intended place of settlement of the passen
gers in the, 252.
Meacham, Jeremiah, an early settler, 46 ; removed to
Easthampton and prominent there, 49.
Meeting House, first, a substantial building, site and uses
of, 123, 124; hallowed associations of, 125; former
congregations of, 126; second, 124; first, made in
1684 a county prison, 213, 282; four cedar windows
of the new, sold, 213 ; date of the building of the
second, 214; sites of the first, second, tliird and
fourth, 217; a "flatter roof" in 171 1 put on the
third, 240.
Metcalf, Stephen, an early settler, 46.
Migration from Southold, 271.
MiUtary precautions and defences, 108.
Mill on Hallock's Neck, 91.
Miller, Andrew, delegate from Brook Haven to confer
with the Dutch conquerors, 146.
Miller, George, an early settler, 46 ; removed to East
hampton, a chief man there, 49.
Milton, John, pupil of the Rev. Tliomas Young, 22 ; con
temporary with the founders of Southold, 74; died
in the year of the Rev. Joshua Hobart's ordination,
196.
Moore, Benjamin, a nearly settler, 46; bought the land
on which the Case house now stands, 85.
Moore, Charles B., Esq., author of the invaluable "In
dexes of Southold," 19, et at.
Moore, Jonathan, an early settler, 46.
Moore, Nathaniel, an early settler, 46.

INDEX.

343

Moore, Thomas, an early settler, 46 ; site of his home-
lot, 85 ; in 1673 appointed magistrate of Southold
by the Dutch, 149; declined the office, 157.
Moriches, first Church of, organized, and first Minister
of, a Southold man, 260.
Morris county, N. J., migration to, 272.
Muirson, Dr. George, and his kindred, 300-311.
Nantes, effedl of the revocation of the edidl of, 195.
Navigation in the early times of Southold, 77.
Newark, N. J., settlement of 69-71.
New England at the close of its first generation,. 1-96.
New Haven in August, 1640, purchased the Indian title
of Southold, 36; settlement of, 38;, purchased in
1640 lands on the Delaware, 41 ; constitution of the
Jurisdidlion of, 66-68.
Newton, Capt. Bryan and his wife Elsie, 253.
"Newtown, L. I., Rev. Simon Horton, Pastor of, 264;
Church of, ruined by the British, 265.
New Year's Day, 25th of March, old style, 179.
Nicholl, William, 323-326.
Nichols, Francis, an early settler, 46.
J^icholls, Col. Richard, takes possession of New York
and Long Island for the Duke of York, 132; char
adler and administration of, 138; 139.
Norton, Humphrey, early in Southold, 46 ; punished for
disturbing the peace thereof 103-105.
Oldest Town on Long Island, 40, 41.
Orange county, N. Y., migration to, 272.
Orient, land in, given in 1718 by David Youngs for the
site of a Meeting House and reasons for building the
edifice which was eredled in the following years,
240-242, 277.
. Osman, Thomas, an early settler, 46.
Overton, Isaac, an early settler, 46.
Overton, Rev. Stephen, Pastor of Chester, N, J., 276.
Owen, John, contemporary with the founders of South-
old, 76.
Paine, John, an early pettier, 47.
Paine, Peter, an early settler, 47.
Paine, widow, came to Salem, 24.
Parents, honor due to, 109.

344 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Parishes, Province of New York divided into, and
churches to be>built in, 236.
Parish lands of Southold, division of, 280.
Part I., 14-164; II,, 165-245; III., 247-282; IV., 283-327.
Pascal, Blaise, contemporary with the founders of South-
old, 74.
Patent for the Town, 199-207.
Patentees of the Town, 200, 201.
Patentees' Deed, 207, 208.
Peace, treaty of, at Westminster between Dutch and
English, 160.
Peakiin, John, an early settler, 47.
People of the Town increase, 240.
Perkins,, Rev. Dr. William, charadler of the writings of,
117 ; Rev. John Youngs's copy of the works of, 118.
Peters, Rev. Hugh, inventor of the imaginary "Blue
Laws of Connedlicut," 63,
Peters, Richard L., residence of Col. John Youngs's
former home, 87.
Petition of Southold to Col. Richard Nicholls, 133-135.
Petty, Edward, an early settler, 47 ; bequeaths his chil
dren, 94.
Phillips, G. Wells, owns the site voted in 1679 for a Wind
Mill, 93.
Pierson, Rev. Abraham, first Pastor of Southampton,
removed, and settled Branford, Conn., and subse
quently Newark, N. J., 58.
Pierson, Henry, Clerk of the East Riding of Yorkshire
on Long Island, 115. 116.
Planters in New Haven, Southold, Southampton, etc.,
before the organization of their respedlive churches,
38.
Piatt, Isaac, delegate from Huntington to confer with
the Dutch conquerors, 146.
Pomeroy, Rev. Samuel, preceded Rev. Simon Horton at
Newton, L, I., 264.
Pope, Alexander, 244.
Population and wealth east and west of Thomas Bene
didl's creek, i8o, 181.
Post office in Southold on the original home-lot of John
Budd, 84.
Presbytery of Long Island organized April 17th, 1717, at
Southampton, 278.
Price, George James, owner of Dosoris, 290.

INDEX. 345
Prices of produce in early years of Southold, 94.
Prime, Rev. Dr. Nathaniel S., historian of Long Island,
statement of, that "Southold wasj;he first Town
settled on Long Island," 40.
Prison for Suffolk county made of the first Meeting
House of Southold, 213.
Progress, hindrances to beneficent, 98.
property, distribution of to heirs by law formerly in
Southold, 106.
Property of Churches, laws of the State respedling'
225-229.
Provincial Governors, 323.
Prudhon, famous saying of 62.
Pew for Capt. Youngs and Mr. Isaac Arnold, 212.
Purchase of the Rev. Joshua Hobart's house by the
Town for a parsonage, 233-235.
Puritans conferred civil and religious liberty, 66.
Purrier, William, an early settler, father-in-law of
Thomas Mapes, 31, 47.
Queen Anne, instrudlions of to her cousin. Lord Corn
bury, 235.
Racket, John, an early settler, 47.
Rainsford, Mary, second wife of Pastor Hobart, 173-176.
Raynor, Joseph, delegate from Southampton to confer
with the Dutch conquerors, 146.
Recorders, William Wells, Richard Terry, Benjamin
Youngs, 199.
Records of Southold begin with 1651, earliest lost, 83;
make known the life of the place, 90 ; what must be
entered in, 90, 105.
Reeve, Rev. Abner, sketch of 259-262.
Reeve, Rev. Ezra, sketch of 261.
Reeve, James, an early settler, 47 ; gave in 1715 land for
a Meeting House and Burying Ground in Mattituck,
241.
Reeve. Judge Tapping, sketch of, 261-263.
Reeve, Thomas, father of Rev. Abner Reeve, 259.
Reeves, Hon. Henry A., statement of that Southold is
the oldest town on Long Island, 42,43.
Religion the chief purpose of the settlers of Southold
generally, 56.
Reydon, Suffolk county, England, village, chapel and

346

HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,

vicarage of 22; Rev. Christopher Young, vicar ofi
and Rev. John Goldsmith, his successor, 23 ; Rev.
John Youngs probably connedled with, 24.
Rich men perpetuate their names, 222, 223.
Rider, John, an early settler, 47.
Rider, Thomas, an early settler, 47.
Rights, bill of 100 ; of all carefully regarded in Southold,
212.
Riverhead becomes the county seat, 282.
Robertson, Thomas, 253.
Robinson, William, an early settler, 47.
Rubens, Peter Paul, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 75.
Saint Margaret's of Southolt, Suffolk, England, 19;
Rev. John Youngs not an incumbent of, 20; St.
Margaret's, of Ilketshall, 22 ; of Reydon, 22.
Salem, New England, Rev. John Youngs desired to pass
to, 18; he and others in, and lands voted them, 24.
Salisbury, Evan, an early settler, 47 ; removed to Eliza
beth, N. J., 52.
Salisbury, Sylvester, received the return of Southold
from the government of Connedlicut to that of the
Duke of York, 193, 194.
Salmon, John, an early settler, 47.
Salmon, William, an early settler, married the widow of
Matthew Sunderland, 37, 47.
Savings Bank of Southold on the original home lot of
John Budd, 84.
Scudder, Henry, an early settler, 47.
Scudder, Thomas, an early settler, 47.
Seating the Meeting House, 91, 213, 240.
Second Pastor to be obtained. 177.
Selden, John, contemporary with the founders of
, Southold, 75.
Selectmen, names of the first mentioned, 96.
Settlement of Southold at a time of great progress, 75 ;
of the Rev. Joshua Hobart, 178-180.
Settlers in Southold here in 1639, how many unknown,
38 ; did not claim that the saints should rule the
earth, 62; would maintain their liberty, 64 ; blamed
by the unjust, 65.
Seward, Hon. William H., and his kindred of Southold
ancestry, 55.

INDEX. 347
Sexton, first, Richard Benjamin, site of his dwelling, 85.
Shakespeare, William, contemporary with the founders
of Southold, 74.
Shell lime, 242.
Shelter Island set off from Southold and made a Town,
324 ; first Town Meeting, citizens of, at the time,
324; officers first eledled, 325 ; first Meeting House,
325 ; congregation incorporated and church formed,
325-
Sheriffs, 324.
Skidmore, Richard, an early settler, 47.
Skidmore, Thomas, delegate from Huntington to confer
with the Dutch conquerors, 146.
Smith, Chief Justice William, arid his kindred, 300-311.
Smithtown, first resident Minister in, a Southold man,
260.
Smyth, Nathaniel, an early settler, 47.
Sm)fth, Robert, an early settler, 47.
Society for Propagating Christian Knowledge sent Rev.
Azariah Horton to the Indians, 267.
Southampton, settled later than Southold, 42 ; preferred
Connecticut to New Haven, 58; boundaries adjusted,
94; preferred Connecticut'sgovernment to the Duke
of York's, 133.
Southard, Henry, and his son, Samuel L., 279,
Southold, probably named from Southould, now South
wold, Suffolk county, England, 25 ; purchased and
settled by New Haven, 25 ; Rev, John Youngs on
the 2ist of Odlober, 1640, gathers his church anew
in, 25; Indian name of Yennecock, 25 ; planters of
united with New Haven, 26; were on the ground
many months before Odlober 21, 1640, and some of
them perhaps two years previous, 39 ; oldest Long
Island Town, 36-43; Indian name of, 25, 43; early
settlers of 44-48 ; rights and purposes of the found
ers, 56-60 ; they did not claim that the saints should
rule the earth, 62 ; what they desired, 63-68 ; why
they came, in 1662, under the jurisdidlion of Connec
ticut, 71 ; why they made the Bible their chief code,
72 ; events of the time of the settlement, 72-78 ;
planting of a time of great literary and artistic
progress and excellence, 74-76 ; in an age full of en
terprise, 76; at the beginning of the British empire
in India, ^^ ; spirit of the English people at that

348

HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.

time, ^^ ; the Town's early care for its prosperity,
8i ; the site intelligently chosen, 8i ; advantages of
the site, 82 ; description of the early settlement,
82-87; knowledge of its history from 1639 to 1651
fragmentary, '90 ; early laws of 91-93 ; intrusion in
to, needless, 97 ; knowledge and other advantages
of its Biblical code, especially the mildness of its
criminal laws, 99; required public records, 100;
made provision for education and scriptural worship,
101-103 ; its nlilitary precautions_ and defenses, 108.
109 ; site of its Meeting House and Burying Ground,
123-126; under the New Haven jurisdidlion twenty-
two years, 130; then accepted the government of
Connedlicut, 131 ; dissatisfied with the government
of the Duke of York, 133; its whale fishing, 142,
143; declines fidelity to the Dutch, 151, +57; life
and works of its early settlers, 161 ; their property
and employments, 162; tax payers of 1675. 184-186;
wealthy men, 187; claims in November, 1674, to be
under the government of Connedlicut and appoints
Rev. Joshua Hohart and Mr. Thomas Hutchinson
with full power, 191, 192; last vain effort of for
union with Connedlicut, 195 ; its Indian deed, 202-
204; its patent, 204-207; deed of confirmation, 207-
208; its commoners, 208-211 ; tax payers of 1683,
217-220 ; purchase of land for the minister or minis
ters, 223-225 ; its first Church Trustees, 225-232; its
purchase of the Rev. Joshua Hobart's farm, 233-
235 ; sends forth settlers of other places, 271-277;
multiplies churches, 277-280; divides parish lands,
280; produces worthy men, 227-232, 257-299.
Southolt, England, description of 20-22.
Southwold, England, description of 23, 24.
Stearns, Rev. Dr. Jonathan F., statement of in his "Hisr
tory of the First Church of Newark, N. J.," 70, 71.
Steenwyck, Cornelius, and other Dutch commissioners
senjt to Southold, 153-157.
Stevenson, Edward, an early settler, 47.
Stevenson, Thomas, an early settler, removed by way of
Hempstead to Newtown, L. I., 51.
Stiles, Rev. Dr. Ezra, President of Yale College, manu
script of respedling the Hobarts, 173-176.
Stirling Creek, 279,

INDEX. 349
Sturgis, Richard S., residence of on the original home
lot of Richard Benjamin, 198.
Style, change of from old to new, 179.
Suffolk county formed in 1683 and court house built in
-Riverhead some forty-four years later, 282.^,;
Sunderland, Matthew, on the i8th of June, 1639, rented
land in Southold, and cultivated it, paying rent in
September, 1639, and in the next September, 36, 37,
Supervisors, 327.
Surinam exchanged for New York, 160.
• Surrogates, 324.
Swart, Rev. Benjamin L., hospitality of 289.
Sweeping the Meeting House, bill for, 233.
Swezey, John, an early settler, 47 ; ancestor of the Hon.
William H. Seward and others, 55.
¦ Swezey, Rev. Samuel; pastor at Chester, N. J., 275, 276.
Sylvester, Joshua, an early settler, 47.
Sylvester, Capt. Nathaniel, of Shelter Island, hospital
ity of 154, 155.
Tax lists, 184-187, 217-220.
Taxes, how assessed and paid, 95.
Taylor, Jeremy, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 76.
Taylor, John and wife, 257.
Terrell, Thomas, an early settler, 47.
Terry, Daniel, an early settler, 47.
Terry, Hiram J., residence of on the original home lot
of Philemon Dickerson, 85.
Terry, John, an early settler, 47.
Terry, Jonathan B., wharf of 91,
Terry, Richard, an early settler, 47 ; Recorder, 199.
Terry, Stuart 'T., residence of 156.
Terry, Thomas, an early settler, 47 , site of his honie lot
south of Barnabas Wines's, where Patrick May
now lives, 85; came in 1635 with his brothers
Robert and Richard from England, 30.
Thirty years' war, 73.
Thompson, Benjamin F., statement of 26.
Thompson, Martin E., courtesy of 290 ; death of 292.
Throop, Rev. William, fifth pastor of Southold, sermons
of 260, 326.
^Tillotson, John, contemporary with the foynijers of
Southold, 76.
30

350 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD,
Town Patent, 204-206.
Torricelli, Evangelista, contemporary with the founders;
of Southold, 74.
Towns of Long Island ordered to send deputies tOi
Hempstead, 133 ; accepted the Duke of York's laws.
and became part of his Yorkshire, 135 ; pass from
his government to Connedlicut, but find it neCessar-
ry to return, 193.
Training, watching and warding, 197.
Treadwell, Edward, an early settler, 47.
Trinity Church, New York, 236, 237.
Trowbridge, Thomas R., presented the Rev. John^
Youngs's copy of Perkins's Works to the New-
Haven Colony Historical Society, 118.
Trustees of the First Church, 225-232.
Tucker, Charles an early settler, 47.
Tucker, Johii, an early settler, 47 ; site of his residence,.
whence the name of " Tucker's Lane," before he re
moved to Brook Haven, 50.
Turks invading Europe in the early years of Southold,.
195,
Turner, Daniel, an early settler, 47,
Tustin, Thomas, an early settler, 47.
Tuthill, " Family Meeting" pamphlet, 30.
Tuthill, Henry, an early settler, 30, 47; ancestor of all'
Southold's Tuthills, 266.
Tuthill, Ira Hull, Esq., residence of on one of the origi
nal home lots of Barnabas Horton, 84.
Tuthill, John, an early settler, 47 ; in 1642 chief officer
of Southold, 266.
Tuthill, John, Jr., an early settler, 47.
Underbill, Capt. John, an early settler of Southold, 47 ;
letter of from Southold, to Gov. Winthrop, 51 ; site
of his dweUing, 85.
United Colonies of New England formed for religion and
liberty, 66 ; in 1673 claim the East End towns, 149.
Ussher, James, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 74.
Vail, Jeremiah, an early settler, 4.7.
Vail, Jeremiah, Jr., an early settler, 47.
Van Dyke, Antony, contemporary with the founders of
Southold, 75.

INDEX, 35 r
" Varment," premium for killing, 95.
Vassel,, Margaret, first wife of the Rev. Joshua Hobart,
173-176.
Vesey, Rev. William, first Minister of Trinity Church,
New York, 236.
Vessel, value of 94.
Villefeu, Rene, wind mill of burnt, 94.
Wading River village at first named West Hold, 44.
Wangford, England, Hundred and Village of 22, 23.
Watts, Rev. Dr. Isaac, 244.
Way, Daniel, husband of Irene Hobart, 245,
Wealthy men of 1675 and of 1683 shown by the tax lists,
184-187, 217-220,
Weatherby, Thomas, bought, October 25, 1640, the house
and land of Richard Jackson, 37.
Welles, Rev. William, Prebendary of Norwich Cathe
dral,, ancestor of Southold's Wellses, 28.
Wells, William, an early settler, 28, 47 ; Clerk and Re
corder of the Town, 52, 53 ; site of his home lot,
84; Seledlman, 96; Sheriff of Yorkshire on Lon^
Island, 113; death of 113; place of his grave, 118,;
pidlure of his tomb-stone, 120 ; beautiful Genealogy
of by the Rev. Charles Wells Hayes, and quotation
from it, 121 ; delegate from Southold to the Duke of
York's convehtion at Hempstead, 133, 136.
Wells, Freegift, Deacon, presided at the first eledlion of
Trustees of the First Church and eledled one of
them, 230, 231.
Wells, Joshua, bill of for carting timber for Meeting
House gallery, 233.
Wells, William H., repaired the tomb-stone of William
Wells, 121.
West Hold, the original name of Wading River village,
44-
Whitney, Henry, an early settler, 47.
Whittier, Thomas, an early settler, 47. ""
Wickham Market, 21.
Wiggins, Abraham, an early settler, 47.
Wiggins, John, an early settler, 47.
^yind Mill, site for at Pine Neck, 93.
Wines, Rev. Dr. Abijah, native of Southold, first Pro
fessor of Theology in Bangor Seminary, 53, 54.
Wines, Deacon Barnabas, an early settler, 47 ; descen-

352 HISTORY OF SOUTHOLD.
dants of 53; site of his home lot, 85.; appraiser of
the estate of the Rev. John Youngs, 115, 116; freed
from training, watching and warding, 197.
Wines, Barnabas, Jr., an early settler, 47 ; removed to
Elizabeth, N. J., 52,
Wines, Rev. Dr. Enoch Cobb, descendant of Deacon
Barnabas Wines, 54 ; letter of 55.
Wines, Samuel, an early settler, 47.
Winthrop, John, Jr., Governor, obtains the patent for
Connedlicut, 68.
'Wood, Hon. Silas, erroneous statement of respedling
the settlement of Southold, 40.
Woodhull, Rev. Nathan, Pastor of Newtown, L. I., 265.
Woodhull, Richard, delegate from Brook Haven to con
fer with the Dutch conquerors, 146.
Woolsey, Rev. Benjamin, great-grandfather of the third,
pastor of Southold, 250.
Woolsey, Rev. Benjamin, ancestors of 249-255 ; birth.
of, 256 ; graduated at Yale, 256 ; his marriage, 257 ;
his ministry in different places, 257, 258 ; his auto
graph, 259; fruits of his ministry, 259-271, 281, 282;
removed to Dosoris, 285 ; subsequent ministry, 287 ;
his death, 288 ; his charadler, 288, 289; place of his
burial, 291 ; inscription on his tomb-stone, 292; his
descendants, 293-313; eminent descendants of his
daughters, 313.
Woolsey, Benjamin, son of pastor Woolsey, and his
kindred, 299-311.
Woolsey, Benjamin, grandson of Pastor Woolsey, 302.^
Woolseyj George, grandfather of Southold's third pas
tor, 249-251 ; marriage of to Rebecca Cornell, 253;
fire warden of New York ; land owner of Jamaica,
patentee of that place. Town Clerk, 254 ; his death,
will and bequests, 254.
Woolsey, George, father of Southold's third pastor,
birth and baptism of 253 ; his wife Hannah and their
sons George and Benjamin, 255 ; his death and
grave, 256.
Woolsey, George, brother of Southold's third pastor,
settled in Pennington, New Jersey, founder of the
family there, 255, 256.
Woolsey, George Muirson, grandson of Pastor Woolsey,
and his descendants, 309-311.
Woolsey, Melandlhon LJoyd, and his kindred, 296-298.

INDEX. 353
Woolsey, Col. Melandlhon Taylor, and his kindred,
293-295.
Woolsey, Commodore Melandlhon Taylor, and his kin
dred, 298-299.
Woolsey, Theodore Dwight, D. D., LL. D., President of
Yale College, and his descendants, 307, 308.
Woolsey, William Walton, grandson of Pastor Woolsey,
and his descendants, 303-309.
Worlingworth and Southolt, letter of the Reverend Rec-
tor of, 21.
Worship, public, disturbance of 104; and punishment
of the disturber, 105.
Yale College, early graduates of, 240, 241.
Yarmouth, England, Rev. John Youngs desired with
his family to emigrate from, 18; his passage forbid
den, 19, 24; most eastern part of England, 25; de
scription of, 249, 250.
Yennecock or Yennecott, Indian name of Southold, 43.
York, Duke of, charadler and life of 136-138.
Yorkshire on Long Island, 88, 89.
Youngs, Anne, daughter of the Rev. John, 18.
Youngs,- Benjamin, son of the Rev. John and Recorder
of the Town, grave of, 118; witness of the Indian
Deed, 204.
Youngs, Christopher, son of the Rev. John, 48.
Youngs, David, in 1718 gave land in Orient for the site
of a Meeting House, 241, 277.
Youngs, Rev. David, sketch of 270, 271.
Youngs, Gideon, son of the Rev. John, 48.
Youngs, Rev. James, Pajtor at Chester, N. J., 275,276.
Youngs, Joan, wife of the Rev. John, 18.
,Youngs, Rev. John, of St. Margaret's, Suffolk, desired
with his family to pass to New England, 18 ; he was
• forbidden, 18 ; not an Incumbent of St. Margaret's,.
Southolt in Suffolk, 20 ; moved from Salem to New
Haven, 24 ; said to have been the minister of a
church in Hingham, England, 25 ; gathered his
church anew, Odl. 21, 1640, in Southold, 25 ; fixedi
his residence in this place, 26; dwelt here before the
purchase in August, 1640, of the Indian title, 39;
many descendants of, influential and eminent, 52 ; his
name first on the Town Records, 84; site of his
home, 84'; his possessions, 112; his death, 113; his

354 HISTORY" OF SOUTHOLD.
grave and the inscription on his tomb-stone, 114; in
ventory and administration of his estate, 115, 116 r
names of his children, 117 ; theology of himself, his
church, and his successors, 117, 118; his copy of
Perkins's works, 118 ; place of his long sleep in the
midst of his people, 118; hisfamily probably came
to America with the widow and children of the Rev.
Dr. William Ames, 250, 251.
Youngs, John, Captain, Colonel, Judge, eldest son of the
first Pastor, 18 ; an original settler, 47 ; his charac
ter and life, 87 ; his dwelling now a good one more
than two hundred years old, 87 ; the foremost man
on Long Island in the second generation, sketch of
his life, '87-89; his death, 87; his grave, 118, 242;
appointed to obtain an honest godly man to be liis
father's successor, 177 ; authorized to have a pew in
the Meeting House, 212 , his tomb-stone, 242.
Youngs, John, mariner, permitted to build a wharf 93,
Youngs, John, Governor of the State of New Yorlc, a
descendant of the eldest son of Southold's first
Pastor, 52.
Youngs, Joseph, son of the Rev. John, 47.
Youngs, Joseph, mariner, an early settler, 48 ; notice of
86.
Youngs, Judge Joshua, 269.
Youngs, Mary, wife, widow and administratrix of Rev.
, John, 116.
Youngs, Mary, daughter of Rev. John, 18.
Youngs, Rachel, daughter of Rev John, 18.
Youngs, Samuel, son of Rev. John, 47.
Young, Rev. Thomas, Redlor of Stow Market and teach
er of John Milton, 22.
Youngs, Thomas, son of Rev. John, an early settler; re
moved to Elizabeth, N. J., 18, 47, 52.
Youngs, Judge Thomas, allowed the certificate of the
eledlion of the first Trustees of the First Church
to be recorded, 231 ; sketch of his charadler and
life, 269, 270.
Youngs, Zerubbabel, so" of Col. John, father of Judge
Joshua, who was the father of Judge Thomas, 270.

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