%}* * 44^ "I give the/e_ Maaii ; for the founding of a, CoUegi in thi5_ Coloiif Gift of THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY. IRISH RHODE ISLANDERS IN THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. With some mention of those serving in the Regiments of Elliott, Lippitt, Topham, Crary, Angell, Olney, Greene, and other Noted Commanders. THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY, Secretary-General, American-Irish Historical Society. PROVIDENCE, R. L, THE AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY 1903. 'Ctjat tlie rCorlb may KttotD ! " a5 'SS' IRISH RHODE ISLANDERS IN THE AMERI CAN REVOLUTION. I ""HE Irish chapter in American history possesses -*- great interest. The chapter is an essential one, and deserves careful attention, earnest study and high respect. The Irish element forms a basic part of the American people. Consequently, a knowledge of this part is necessary to the proper understanding of the origin, growth and integration of that people. We can, as Americans, pursue this study very profita bly. We may begin the Irish chapter back in the sixth or the seventh century with the reputed advent on these shores of the Irish Brendan.^ Or if we prefer for the time to waive that tradition, we may start at 1620 and the Mayflower. Rev. William Elliot Griffis, in his work Brave Little iSee De Roo's History of America Before Columbus (Philadelphia, Pa., J. B. Lippincott Co., 1900). A work of extraordinary interest and value. Webb's Compendium of Irish Biography (Dublin, 1878). O'Donoghue's Brendaniana. Si. Brendan the Voyager, in Story and Legend (Dublin, 1893). La Navigatio Sancti Brendani. Edita ed illustrata da Francesco Novati (Berga mo, Cattaneo, 1892). Voyages {Les) Merveilleux de Saint Brandan h la Recherche du Paradis ter- reste. Avec introduction par Francisque-Michel (Paris, 1878). Gustav Schirmer's Zur Brendanus-Legende. Probevorlesung iiber Irlands Antheil an der Rnglischen Literatur (Leipzig, 1888). Joyce's History of Ireland (London, 1893). Note to Otway's Sketches in Erris and Tyrawley (Dublin, 1845). North Ludlow Beamish's The Discovery of America by the Northmen in the Tenth Century, -with Notices of the Early Settlements of the Irish in the Western Hemis phere (London, 1841). Holland and what She Taught Us (Boston and New York, 1894), says on page 208: "In the Mayflower were one hundred and one men, women, boys and girls as passengers, besides captain and crew. These were'^pf English, Dutch, French, and Irish ancestry, and thus typical of our national stock." Plymouth was founded in 1620. William Bradford, who became governor of the colony, has left a manu script history of the plantation. This history was recently (Boston, 1898) issued in printed form by the state of Massachusetts. In it is mentioned the arrival at Plymouth colony in i626-'2 7 of a ship with a large number of passengers on board. Bradford says : " The cheefe amongst these people was one M'. Fells and M"^. Sibsie, which had many servants belonging unto them, many of them being Irish." Irish names are found in Virginia as early as 1621. Doubtless there were Irish among the passengers who, in 1630, came to "the Bay" in the ships with John Win- throp. Indeed, Winthrop in his Journal specifically refers to an Irishman — Field — who was at that time, or soon after, a member of the colony. Capt. Daniel Pat rick is believed to have been an Irishman. One histori cal writer states that his surname was originally Gillpat- rick, and that he had gone over to Holland where he followed a military career, and eventually married a Dutch wife. We know from Hotten's Original Lists and other authorities that Irish emigration to Virginia was in pro gress as far back as 1634-35. There were Irish in Maryland at as early a period. Many Irish pioneers were in the West Indies at the same time. A list of people in Barbadoes,^ in 1638, who then possessed more than ten acres of land each, contains a number of typi cally Irish names. We know that William Collins^ led a number of Irish refugees, about 1640, to Connecticut from the West Indies. There were Irish Catholics in New York in 1642. Settlers bearing Irish names are found in Rhode Island in Roger Williams' day. On his return from England, in 1644, Williams brought letters to " leading men of the Bay " in which Irish comers to America are mentioned. The great Irish revolt against England in 1641, and the preceding and succeeding wars exiled thousands of Irish Catholics. Exodus followed exodus during Cromwell's barbarous career. These facts indicate that Irish immigration to the American colonies had, at that period, already attained large proportions. In 1652 Cromwell's commissioners in Ireland|^recom- mended^ that " Irish women as being too numerous now be sold to merchants and transported to Virginia, New England, Jamaica, or other countries." The recommendation was carried out. In 1653 Captain John Vernon contracted with Messrs. Sellick and Leader for 250 women of the Irish nation and 300 Irish men, " to transport them into New England." These were to be secured in the country within twenty miles^ of Cork, Youghal and Kinsale, Waterford and Wexford. Bruodin* expresses the opinion that over 100,000 Irish 1 Narragansett Historical Register. 2 Felt's Ecclesiastical History of New England. 'See Prendergast's Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland ; Thebaud's Irish\Racein the Past and Present; Condon's Irish Race in America; Cullen's Story of the Irish in Boston; Walpole's History of the Kingdom of Ireland ; Thomas D'Arcy Mc- Gee's History of Early Irish Settlers in North America. *Propuguaculum (Pragffi anno i66g), quoted in Condon's Irish Race in America. were then obliged to leave their native land. According to a letter in Dr. Lingard's possession, fully 60,000 Irish people of both sexes were transported in a single year, 1656. These are but a few instances of many conditions and causes under which and for which the Irish early came not only to New England, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and neighboring colonies, but also to the islands of the West Indies. The accession of Charles II did not stem the tide of Irish immigration which has continued to this day. They came then, as they come now, from every province in Ireland — from Ulster, Leinster, Munster, and Connacht. The period of King Philip's war, i675-'76, found many Irish throughout New England. The writer recently compiled a list of Irish ^ soldiers who fought in that war in defense of the colonies, and the material was then by no means exhausted. From 1676 to 1776, a period of one hundred years, great waves of Irish immigration, closely following each other, came to the American col onies. A large part of these sturdy people who thus came to our shores were Roman Catholics, due credit be ing given a host of Irish Protestants who also fled the old land with their Catholic fellow-countrymen. At this late day no argument is necessary to sustain ^ The Irish Soldiers in King Philip's War {Rosary Magazine, New York city, March, 1896). A number of soldiers bearing Irish names came to Rhode Island during Philip's war (i675-'76), from Connecticut and the " Bay." They included: James Murphy, Daniel Tracy, Edward Larkin, John Roach, James Welch and John Casey. Murphy, Tracy, Laikin, Roach and Welch are all believed to have been from Connecticut. Casey was from what is now the town of Brookline, Mass., then called Muddy River. He was wounded in the " Great Swamp fight." Roach was subsequently given, as a gratuity, by the town of Norwalk, Conn., a tract of land "consisting of twelve acres more or less laid out upon the west side of the West Rock, so called." In the Norwalk records, he is spoken of as a soldier in the " Direful Swamp Fight." the assertion that the triumph of our Revolution was in a large measure due to the Irish who bore arms in the cause of liberty. This has been amply testified to by Washington, Lee, Franklin, Custis and a host of other eminent authorities. In England similar testimony has been given by Galloway, Robertson, Mountjoy and a number of other well-informed personages. EARLY IRISH SETTLERS IN RHODE ISLAND. Many Irish settled in Rhode Island long before the Revolution.^ In addition to those arriving from Con necticut and the " Bay," others undoubtedly landed, direct from the Old Country, at Providence, Newport and other points. In his researches, the writer has found the following typically Irish names in Rhode Island as early as the period mentioned in each case : Larkin, 1655; Dunn, 1655 ; Casey, 1663 ; Kelly, 1669; Macoone, 1669; Heffernan, 1671 ; Martin, 1677; Macarte (MacCarthy),^ 1677; Long, 1677; Devett, 1685; Malavery, 1687; Dailey, 1689; Linniken, 1690; Cary, 1693; Dring, 1696; Doyle, 1698; Higgins, 1699; Moore, 1700; Walch, 1703; Mitchell, 1703; Coursey, 171 3; Murphy, 171 8; Lawless, 1720; Carty, 1721; Mackown, 1723; O'Harra, 1728; Phelon, 1730; Shay, 1731; Joyce, 1731; Conner, 1732; Casside (Cassidy), 1732; Gallagher, 1736; Lyon, 1737; Mackey, 1737; Hurley, 1740; McCane, 1740; Sullivan, 1740; Whelen, 1740-41; McGonegal, 1742; Delaney, 1742; Farrell, 1742 ; Mulholland, 1742 ; Rourk, 1742 ; Dempsey, 1743 ; 1 The names of many of them may be found in Arnold's Vital Record of Rhode Island. 2 See pamphlet on Charles McCarthy^ A Rhode Island Pioneer, 1677, by Thomas Hamilton Murray (Somerset, O., igoi). Fitzgerald, 1743; Hanley, 1745; Egan, 1745; McDon ald, 1745; Donnelly, 1747; Tally, 1747; Byrn, 1747; Lanahan, 1750; Maguire, 1750; O'Brien, 1751; Dono van, 1751; Barrett, 1751; Cavenaugh, 1752; Flynn, 1752; Murray, 1752; Hickey, 1752; Hartagan, 1753; McMullen, 1754; Bourk, 1755; Dwyer, 1756; O'Neil, 1756; Ryan, 1756; Magee, 1758; Donohoe, 1758; Sheehan, 1759; Hearn, 1759; McGrath, 1759; Mullen, 1760; Gorman, 1761 ; Lary, 1761 ; Dermott, 1761 ; Fitzpatrick, 1761 ; Dunphy, 1765 ; Carroll, 1768; Roach, 1773; Mahoney, 1774; Rohan, 1774. It is quite prob able that some of the foregoing names are found in Rhode Island even at earlier periods. RHODE ISLAND EARLY RESISTS BRITISH OPPRESSION. Rhode Island was among the first of the colonies to re sent British oppression. In 1765 she vigorously opposed the Stamp Act and denied the right of any power but her own General Assembly to levy taxes on the colony. In 1766 a liberty tree was dedicated in Newport. In 1768 a like event took place in Providence. During the next year a British revenue sloop was at tacked at Newport. In June, 1772, another British vessel, the armed revenue schooner Gasfee, was attacked some miles below Providence, by a patriotic expedition from the latter place, and destroyed. Her commander was wounded and Dr. Henry Sterling, an Irish surgeon of Providence, was called^ to attend him. Deputy Governor Darius Sessions writing to Governor Wanton, under date of Providence, June 12, 1772, relative to the attack on the ^ Dr. Mawney is also mentioned in this respect. Gasfee, says : " P. S. Dr. Sterling, who attends Capt. Dudingston, informed us yesterday that he was in a fair way to recover of his wounds." In 1775 James Black, partner of Alexander Black, an Irishman and leading mer chant, was a member of the committee of inspection for Providence, appointed to maintain trade on an equitable basis. At the outbreak of the Revolution the Irish in Rhode Island were not only numerous but included people of weight and influence. They did much toward fanning the flames of patriotism. Events moved rapidly. Washington visited Providence in April, 1776. On May 4 of that year the Assembly formally renounced allegiance to Great Britain. This was two months before the general Declaration of Independence at Philadelphia. The number of troops^ enlisted from Rhode Island dur ing the War of the Revolution was as follows: In 1775, 1,193 men; in 1776, 1,900; in 1777, 2,048; in 1778, 3,056; in 1779,1,263; in 1780,915; in 1781,464; in 1782, 481; in 1783, 372. KNOX AND SULLIVAN IN THE STATE. At least two generals of Irish parentage were promi nently identified with Rhode Island during the Revolution. They were Henry Knox and John Sullivan. Knox was born in Boston, Mass., and became a member of the Char itable Irish Society of that city, an organization of which his father was a founder. The General also belonged to 1 From the American Almanac, quoted in the R. I. State Manual. Some Rhode Island authorities hold that the number of enlistments was larger than here given. ID the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, of Philadelphia.^ Sulli van was the son of an Irish schoolmaster.^ The latter's name was at one time O'SuUivan, and in the old land the clan had fought English oppression for centuries. It was eminently fitting that an American scion of the family should be found opposing the same power that had per secuted his Irish forefathers. Knox, then a colonel, was in Rhode Island in April, 1776. At the request of Governor Cooke he planned defenses for Newport, of which the governor informed Washington 3 in the following letter : "I prevailed upon ColonelKnox who passed through this town [Providence], on his way to Norwich, to take a view of Newport, and to direct such works to be thrown up as he should think necessary for the defence of the place. He is clearly of opinion that the town of Newport may be secured ; and hath left some directions, which I have ordered to be car ried into execution. They have begun the works, and I believe will this day complete a battery which commands the north entrance of the harbor. To-morrow they begin the fortifications upon Fort Island ; and if it be in our power to complete the works, I have no doubt it will put a total end to toryism in this colony." 1 Quite a number of patriots who attained eminence during the Revolution belonged to Irish organizations. Thus, Hon. Thomas McKean, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, was the first president of the Hibernian Society, of Philadelphia ; Stephen Moylan, the distinguished soldier, was the first president of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, Philadelphia; "Mad Anthony" Wayne belonged to both these societies, as did also John Barry, the famous naval officer. Other members of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, Philadelphia, or of the Hibernian Society of that city were : Gen. Richard Butler, Gen. Edward Hand, Gen. William Irvine, Gen. Walter Stewart, Gen. William Thompson, Col. John Nixon, Col. Sharp Delaney, Col. Charles Stewart, Col. John Patton, Lieut. Col. George Latimer, Lieut. Col. Thomas Robinson and many other gallant men of the Revolutionary period. 2 Thomas C. Amory's Master Sullivan of Berwick. ^ Drake's Memoir of Henry Knox. II Knox's letter to Washington concerning the foregoing incident, was as follows : "Norwich, 21 April, 1776. " In passing through Providence, Governor Cooke and a number of the principal people were very pressing for me to take Newport on my way, in order to mark out some works for that place. . . . Knowing your excel lency's anxiety for the preservation of every part of the continent, I conceived it to be my duty to act in conform ity to your wishes, especially as I could get to Norwich as soon as the stores which set out on the 14th. Accord ingly I went to Newport, and marked out five batteries, which from the advantageous situation of the ground, must, when executed, render the harbor exceedingly secure. . . . " Knox also visited Rhode Island at other times. He speaks of being entertained at Newport by the French officers, including Count Rochambeau, the Counts Deux Fonts, Gen. Chastellux, Marquis Laval, and others. He mentions especially Chastellux " at whose fetits soufers I was invited two evenings out of three during when at Newport." SULLIVAN TAKES COMMAND IN THE STATE. Sullivan took command of the Rhode Island department in 1778, conducted the siege of Newport,^ commanded in the subsequent battle and remained in the state until late in March, 1779. Under him at the battle on the island were also his brothers, James ^ and Eben. His forces in cluded many officers and men of Irish lineage. ^Amory's Life of Major-General John Sullivan. * Amory's Life of Governor James Sullivan. 12 Upon the declaration of independence in Rhode Island, the courts of law had been declared to be no longer con sidered as the king's courts. It was forbidden under heavy penalties to pilot any of the king's ships in Rhode Island waters. It was decreed by the General Assembly "That if any person within this State shall, under pre tence of praying or in any other way and manner what ever, acknowledge or declare the said King to be our Lord and Sovereign, or shall pray for the success of his arms, . . . shall be deemed guilty of a high misde meanor." The penalty provided was a fine of £100 and all the costs of prosecution. On May 3, 177S, Governor Joseph Wanton, who was of strong Tory proclivities, was suspended by the General Assembly of Rhode Island, and on Nov. 7, 1775, he was formally deposed. The Irish element — and by this the writer means those of Irish descent as well as of Irish birth — was handsomely represented in the. forces raised by the infant state. The following list of Irish Rhode Islanders who rendered patri otic service in civic, military, or naval spheres during the Revolution illustrates this. Some of the Rhode Island forces did duty as State troops, others as Continentals. The list here presented has been compiled only after careful research and investigation. If by accident, how ever, any names appear here that should not, the writer is convinced that they are more than counterbalanced by names which might be included, but which are not, owing to want of distinctiveness. Thus, without question, there were many Irish Rhode Islanders whose names are not sufficiently typical to indicate their Hibernian origin. There were probably scores of such, which, if added to this roll, would greatly extend it. 13 The authorities consulted in the preparation of the list have been many. They include muster and size rolls of the Revolution, records of the General Assembly, official war correspondence, company and regimental reports, and other equally authoritative sources. The large manu script volumes in the possession of Rhode Island's secre tary of state have been examined, and so, too, has the card index in the office of the R. I. Record Commissioner. Use has also been made of that valuable work, Cowell's Spirit of'jt in Rhode Island. Material has also been received from Miss Virginia Baker, author of The History of Warren, Rhode Island, In the War of the Revolu tion. Mr. Edward Field's work. Revolutionary Defences in Rhode Island, has been consulted, as have Bicknell's History of Harrington, R. I., and like publications. SOME RHODE ISLANDERS IN THE REVOLUTION. Bagley, Dennis Burk, John Barns, Mark Burk, Tobias Barr, Matthew Burke, Edward Barrett, Daniel Burke, Joseph Barritt, John Burke, Timothy Barry, John Burn, Benjamin Bennett, Edward Burns, Peter Bennett, James Burns, Thomas Bennett, Joseph Burns, 'Walter Bennett, Matthew Burns, William Bishop, James Butler, James Black, James Butler, John Black, Samuel Cain, Andrew Boyd, Andrew Cane, Jeremiah Bryan, James Capron, Patrick Bryan, Matthew Carrell, John Buckley, Charles Carroll, Joseph Burk, David Carey, Thomas 14 Cary, Michael Cary, 'WiUiam Casey, Edward Casey, James Casey, John Caton, Patrick Cavan, Francis Clarke, Barney Clarke, Lawrence Conley, John Conner, Thomas Connor, Edward Conway, John Cooney, Michael Corkern [Corcoran ?] , Morris Co wen, John Cowen, Peter Cowen, Stephen Creed, William Crou, William Dailey, James Dailey, Peter Daily, James Daily, Stephen Daley, Peter Dawley, Daniel Dawley, Michael Day, Peter Doherty, Michael Donal, James Donnelly, Edward Donovan, Pierce Doolinty, Philip Dorrance, Alex. Dorrance, George Dorrance, George, Jr. Dorrance, John Dougherty, Michael Dougherty, Thomas Dowd, Daniel Doyle, Luke Driskel, Philip, Jr. Driskel, William Driskill, Cornelius Driskill, John Driskil, Philip Driskill, Richard Dunn, Samuel Dunphy, Patt Duyer [or Dwyer] , Patrick Eagan, Robert Ennis, William Fee, William Fitzgerald, Edward Fitzgerald, Patten Fitzgerrald, Gerrald Flanagan, James Forde, Joseph Foster, James Foy, Patrick Gafiery, Joseph Galligher, Bernard Garey, Thomas Gibbons, John Gleeson, Thomas Griffen, James Griffin, Anthony Griffin, John Griffin, Phihp Hackett, Benjamin Hackmet, Patrick Hagerty, Cornelius Haney, John Hanley, Matthew Hannington, Patrick Hany, James 15 Harrington, Patrick Harrington, Richard Hart, Matthew Hart, Nicholas Hayden, James Hay den, Richard Hayes, James Healy, David Hendly, Matthew Herrick, Martin Hervey, Edward Hervey, William Hickey, John Hickey, Patrick Hicks, Barnabas Hogan, Dennis Hogen, John Hughes, Thomas Huzzey, John Jackson, Bartholomew Jackson, Benjamin Jackson, Daniel Jackson, Thomas Joyce, Alfred Joyce, John Kelley, Daniel Kelley, Eleazer Kelley, Erasmus Kelley, Joseph Kelley, Michael Kelley, Thomas Kelley, William Kelly, Charles Kelly, David Kelly, Duncan Kelly, Eseck Kelly, John Kelly, Oliver Kelly, Stephen Kelly, Timothy Kelly, WiUiam Kenady, Hugh Kennady, Robert Kennedy, John Killey, John Killey, Michael Killey, Stephen King, James Kirby, John Knox, James Larkin, John Larkin, Timothy Lawless, John Lawless, William Lemasny, Daniel Long, Stephen Long, Thomas Lowery, James Lyon, Daniel Mackay, M. Madden, James Mahony, John Mahony, Timothy Malone, William Maloney, Thomas Manning, Joseph Martin, Jeremiah McAfferty, Charles McBride, Alexander McCaffray, Matthew McCall, WiUiam McCartee, Dennis McCartel, Dennis McCarthy, Ensign McCarthy, John McCarthy, Timothy i6 McCavney, Francis McCloud, John McCowan, Hugh McCoy, WiUiam McDermot, Barnabus McDonald, Charles McDonnold, Hugh McDonnold, John McGowan, John McGrath, Edward McKown, Patrick McLaughlin, John McLouth, Lawrence McMillen, Charles McMillen, Peter McMiUion, Joseph McMiUion, Peter McMilon, Joseph McMuUan, Patrick McNamara, Patrick M'Carty, WUUam M'Case, James M'Clanen, John Meloney, Thomas Miller, Daniel MitcheU, James Mitchell, John MitcheU, Thomas MitcheU, William Monks, Daniel Moore, Christopher Moore, John Moore, Michael Moore, William Moran, Joseph Morrigan, Michael Morris, Edward Morris, Peter Morrison, Peter Mullen, Charles MuUigan, Edward Mulligan, Francis Murfee, Edward Murfey, Edward Murphy, John Murphy, Martin Murray, Anthony Murray, John Murray, Thomas Murrey, Joseph Nagle, Arthur Nagle, Peter Noonen, John Norton, Joseph Obrian, Elizabeth O'Brian, John M. O'Brian, Patrick O'Brian t, William O'Brien, William O'Bryan, William O'Daniel, Manie O'Harra, Geo. O'Kelley, John O'Neal, John Parker, William Patrick, James Powers, Edward Powers, Thomas Ragen, John Ray, Stephen Ray, Thomas Read, James Read, Joseph Read, OUver Ready, Stephen Reynolds, James 17 Reynolds, Thomas Tracy, Patrick Ryand [Ryan], John Tuley, John Reily, Terence Wall, Daniel Riley, John Watson, Charles Ross, Edward Welch, James Shields, Richard Welch, John Smith, John Welch, John, 2d SterUng, Henry Whalen, Jeremiah Sullivan, Cornelius, Whalen, Joseph Sullivan, Daniel Whellon, Richard SuUivan, John Wilson, John Sullivan, William Wright, Michael Tracy, John IRISH NAMES, TYPICAL AND OTHERWISE. It is, of course, possible that a few of the foregoing may not have been of Irish birth or extraction. The greater part of those mentioned in the list, however, undoubtedly were. We know, for instance, that James Bishop, William Parker, Henry Sterling, John Wilson, Daniel Monks, and Charles Watson were natives of Ireland ; that Daniel Mil ler, John Smith, James Foster, and John Huzzey were also born there; and that Michael Dawley, John Dorrance, and Thomas Hughes were of Irish blood if not of Irish birth. Further mention of these will hereinafter be found. As for such names in the list as Burke, Casey, Connor, Conway, Dailey, Donovan, Doherty, Doyle, Eagan, Fitz gerald, Flanagan, Hackett, Healey, Hagerty, Hogan, and the like, their national character is at once apparent. The same may be said of other names in the list, such as Kelly, Larkin, Maloney, McCarthy, McDermot, McGrath, Mc Namara, Mullen, Mulligan, Murphy, O'Brian, O'Kelly, O'Neal, Reily, Sullivan, etc. The Rhode Island Revolutionary rolls also contain i8 many names that are as much Irish as they are anything else, but which have not been included in the foregoing list for want of definite information concerning their bear ers. Thus, for example, we find Blake, Bowen, Carr, Cummings, Dring, Ford, Fox, Halley, Harvey, Hines, Jordan, King, Lee, Stewart, Strange, Vaughan, and so on. Most of these names are to-day found in nearly every populous Irish locality, and doubtless some of those here cited were borne by Rhode Islanders of that blood. Company clerks and regimental adjutants frequently made unsuccessful attempts at correctly spelling Irish names, as, indeed, they also did with regard to other names. The names were often written merely as they sounded, and as they sometimes sounded differently to different clerks, one result has been, at times, a variety of spelling for the same name. Much Rhode Island matter relating to the War of Inde pendence has been lost or is so scattered as to be inacces sible. Muster rolls of companies and other documents cannot be found and thus, doubtless, we are deprived of a large number of Irish names which could be added to the roll. These Rhode Islanders of Irish blood must have some descendants living. It would be interesting to know if any of them are comprised in the membership of the patriotic-hereditary societies. A few words now with refer ence to the individuals, or most of them, in the list here given. John Dorrance was of a family from Ireland^ which set tled in the present town of Foster, R. I., about 171 5— '20. He graduated from Rhode Island College, now Brown 'In the Boston Pilot, June 29, 1895, is an interesting article on the Rhode Island Dorrances here mentioned. 19 University, became a member of the General Assembly, a judge, president of the Providence town council for six teen years, and held many other positions of honor. He died in June, 1813. The Providence Gazette in an obit uary notice states that " Judge Dorrance was descended from Irish parentage, but was himself born in Foster, this State. He received a degree from Rhode Island Col lege^ and afterwards became a tutor, and since a member of the corporation of that institution." Continuing, it states that he was of unblemished integrity and undeviat- ing patriotism. THE ARMY OF OBSERVATION. Mention is found in the records of George Dorrance and of George Dorrance, Jr. The latter was, in 1775, appointed ensign of the lieutenant-colonel's company of the Regiment of Providence in the "Army of Observa tion." George Dorrance was, in 1780, appointed lieutenant of the second company of Scituate, R. I. A Capt. George Dorrance appears, in 1 781, in a regiment raised by act of the General Assembly. He was doubtless the same individual. In 1782, George Dorrance, Jr., was com missioned major of the Third regiment of militia in the county of Providence. Alex. Dorrance was a member of the company of " Captain General's Cavaliers." His name appears in a pay abstract for service in " the late expedition to Rhode Island" — July 24 to Aug. 31, 1778. Dr. Henry Sterling, the Irish surgeon already men- 'See The Irish Chapter in ihe History of Brown University {Brown Magazine, Providence, R. I., March, 1896). Some of the earliest funds for Rhode Island Col lege, now Brown University, were raised in Ireland. Rev. Morgan Edwards went there on a collecting tour. His wife was Mary Nunn, of Cork. See Guild's History of the University. 20 tioned, settled in Providence in 1756. He died here in 1 8 10. In a notice at the time of his death, the Providence Gazette states that Dr. Sterling " was a native of a town in the vicinity of Londonderry, in the Kingdom of Ireland." It also states that he " was in hearty sympathy with the Revolution and aided the patriot cause with his advice and professional services." " Capt. Samuel Allin " is mentioned as " son-in-law of the deceased." When Washington ordered the advance of two invading divisions into Canada, Rhode Island men were among the first to respond. Captain Simeon Thayer, of Providence, recruited a company, enlisting every man himself. Many Irish served under him at different periods during the war. Among them were : John Barritt, John Carrell, Edward Conner, Thomas Garey, Patrick Hannington, James Hay den, Cornelius Higgarty, or Hagerty, Edward Mulligan, John Ryand (Ryan), Patrick Tracy, and James Welch. One of the invading divisions was placed under Bene dict Arnold, and the other under Richard Montgomery. The latter was an Irishman, a native of Raphoe, in the county Donegal. He had recently been made a brigadier- general. Before Quebec, Montgomery assumed the chief command. Captain Thayer's company had accompanied Arnold's division. Capt. Samuel Ward, of Westerly, R. I., was also in the expedition with his company, which included Thomas Dougherty and John Hickey. Captain Topham, of Newport, R. I., likewise participated with his company, in which were several Irish soldiers. Another notable participant was Dr. Isaac Senter, of Newport. He was a native of the Londonderry, N. H., Irish settlement. A letter to the writer, a few years ago, from the town clerk of Londonderry states that without much 21 doubt the Senters were from Ireland, as they came to that settlement so soon after the rest. Dr. Senter accompanied the troops to Cambridge as a volunteer surgeon. Later he was appointed a surgeon in the Continental line and as signed to Arnold's division. He was taken prisoner at Quebec but was soon released. Captain Thayer was also captured. PATRICK TRACY KILLED AT QUEBEC. The death of the gallant Montgomery prevented the invasion from attaining the results anticipated. Senter, Thayer and others kept journals of the expedition. To these sources we are indebted for many interesting facts. Patrick Tracy, one of Thayer's men, was killed in the as sault on Quebec. Cornelius Hagerty and Corporal James Hayden of the same company were wounded. In a work^ on the period reference is made to John M. Taylor, " keen as an Irish greyhound," who was Arnold's purveyor and com missary in the wilderness. Lieutenant William Cross is described as a " handsome little Irishman, always neatly dressed, and commanded [on the Isle of Orleans] a de tachment of about twenty men." Later, Thayer was commissioned major and was ordered to Rhode Island to support General Sullivan at the siege of Newport. He did not arrive, however, until three days after the battle that ensued. The Major was so great an admirer of General Montgomery, who fell at Quebec, that when, after the war, he established a hotel in Providence he called it the Montgomery hotel. He also named one of his sons Richard Montgomery Thayer, after the distin guished soldier. 'Henry. 22 John McCarthy and Cornelius Sullivan were soldiers of Colonel Elliott's regiment, which was raised in accordance with a recommendation of the " Committee of the New Eng land States " for the defense of Rhode Island. John McCoy, Daniel Lyon, and John Conway also belonged to the regi ment. In September, 1776, Captain Hoppin's company numbered in its ranks Edward Murfee and John Driskill. This latter name is now commonly written DriscoU. James Donal was a member of Captain Dyer's company, in Col. Christopher Lippitt's regiment. His name is found in a "Pay abstract" for September, 1776. Cor rectly, the name may have been O'Donnell or, possibly, McDonnell. Benjamin Burn [Byrne or Burns?] was in September, 1776, of Captain Arnold's company, in Lip pitt's regiment. It is likely that, in some instances, men from other states enlisted in Rhode Island regiments and that men from Rhode Island enlisted in regiments belonging to other states. This, however, does not materially affect our general perspective. THE GALLANT THOMAS HUGHES. Thomas Hughes, a gallant Rhode Island soldier, was of Irish descent. He was the only son 1 of Joseph and Mary Hughes and was born May 30, 1752. He was a captain in the Revolution, and a major in the War of 18 12. He was a sincere patriot, an accomplished officer and a credit to his Irish ancestry. 1 1 am indebted for the facts here given concerning Thomas Hughes to Miss Mary A. Greene of Providence, R. I., and Mr. Henry L. Greene of Riverpoint, R. I. Miss Greene is descended from Thomas Hughes in her mother's line and from Col. Christopher Greene on her father's side. Mr. Henry L. Greene is a great-grandson of Col. Christopher Greene. 23 In the Rhode Island Colonial Records he is mentioned as of Freetown, Mass. His name first appears in the Revolutionary Records of Rhode Island in October, 1776, when he is mentioned as second lieutenant in Col. Israel Angell's battalion. In February, 1777, Hughes was chosen to be first lieutenant, and at some time between August and October, 1777, he was raised to the rank of captain. He served with Col. Israel Angell's regiment throughout the war. He was, therefore, present at the brilliant defense of Fort Mercer at Red Bank when the Hessians under Count Donop were repulsed by Captain Hughes's future father-in-law and commanding officer, Col. Christopher Greene. Hughes was with the Rhode Island troops at the battle of Rhode Island, Aug. 29, 1778, and also in May, 1781, when Col. Christopher Greene was murdered by De Lancey's Loyalists in Westchester coun ty, N. Y. Captain Hughes was at that time paymaster. In 1 79 1 the Rhode Island General Assembly appointed Col. Jeremiah Olney and Capt. Thomas Hughes agents for the proprietors of the Anaquacut farm in Tiverton, R. I., which was set off to the officers and soldiers of the late Continental battalion commanded by Colonel Angell. These agents successfully petitioned the General Assembly to make up a considerable deficiency demanded of them by the purchasers to whom they sold the land, and a resurvey was consequently ordered. Thomas Hughes was one of the original members of the Rhode Island Society of the Cincinnati, and appears on that society's record thus : " Capt. Thomas Hughes 1st R. I. Continental Infantry." His Revolutionary rec ord, as compiled by Heitman, in his volume. Officers of the Continental Army, is as follows: 24 " Hughes, Thomas, (R. I.) 2nd Lieutenant nth Con tinental Infantry 1st January to 31st December, 1776; 1st Lieutenant 2nd Rhode Island, ist January 1777; Cap tain, 23rd June 1777; transferred to ist Rhode Island ist January 1781, and served to close of war." Thomas Hughes also served throughout the War of 18 12, with the rank of major, and his widow drew a pen sion till her death in 1844. He died Dec. 10, 1821, at his home at CentreviUe, R. I., in the northwestern part of the town of Warwick, R. I., and was buried in a family burying ground near by and later transferred. In April, 1896, his second burial place was abandoned and the bodies were removed to Greenwood cemetery, Phenix, R. I., including the remains of Major Hughes, his wife and maiden daughter Sally. A marker of the Sons of the American Revolution has been placed at his grave, his being among the first fifty names drawn by lot by the Rhode Island Society of the Sons of the American Revo lution. THE CHILDREN OF THOMAS HUGHES. Thomas Hughes married Feb. 27, 1782, Welthian (born Nov. 19, 1757; died, 1844), eldest child of Col. Christo pher and Anne (Lippitt) Greene of CentreviUe, Warwick, R. I. The children of Thomas and Welthian Hughes were: I. Mary, born Jan. 4, 1783, married Burrows Aborn, and had eight children, all of whom died unmarried. 2. Christopher Greene, born July 9, 1785 ; died at New Orleans, La., July 22, 181 5, unmarried. (A sea cap tain.) 3. Phebe, born Sept. i, 1787, married her mother's first cousin, Jeremiah, son of (Judge) WiUiam and 25 Welthian (Lippitt) Greene of Occupasnetuxet, Warwick, R. I. Her issue, viz., three grandchildren and two great grandchildren, are the only living descendants of Thomas Hughes. 4. Katy, born Aug. 16, 1789, died in infancy. 5. Sally, born Dec. 15, 1790; died unmarried (1845). 6. Elizabeth, born Feb. 2, 1792; died in infancy. 7. John Luther, born Nov. 2, 1795 ; died Jan. 14, 1863. The latter was a prominent merchant and manufacturer in Rhode Island, and as a member of the common coun cil of the city of Providence was actively instrumental in devising, framing and establishing the public school sys tem of the city. He was the first secretary of the Rhode Island Mutual Fire Insurance Company. He had a refined literary taste, inherited from both his parents, and a large pubhc spirit. He married EHza, daughter of (Col.) Jere miah and Anne (Keene) Whiting, and had several chil dren, all of whom died young. Thomas Hughes, the subject of this sketch, was a man of great energy and much executive ability, and had a fondness for good literature. SEVENTEEN SOLDIERS OF LIBERTY. Mention of the following seventeen soldiers who served in Rhode Island commands, during the Revolution, is found in a report of the secretary of war (1835), relative to the pension establishment of the United States : David Kellj'', a private in the Rhode Island Continental line. He was still living in 1834, in which year he was placed on the pension roll. Jeremiah Whelan, a private in the Rhode Island line ; placed on the pension roll in 18 19. 26 Stephen Long, a private in the Rhode Island line ; placed on the pension roll in 1818. Philip Griffin of the Rhode Island Une. He died May 9, 1832. Daniel Dawley, a private in the " Rhode Island Mihtia" ; placed on the pension roll. He died in 1832. Thomas Powers, of the Rhode Island line; placed on the pension roll in 18 18. Malachi Green, a private in the "Rhode Island Militia" ; placed on the pension roll in 1834. Stephen Kelly, placed on the pension roll in 1833; a private in the Rhode Island militia. Martin Murphy, a private in the Rhode Island militia; placed on the pension roll in 1833. John Welsh, 2d, a sergeant in the Rhode Island line ; placed on the pension roll in 1821. Matthew Hanley, of Angell's regiment; died May 26, 1804. This may have been the soldier who is elsewhere mentioned as Matthew Hendly. Martin Herrick, of the Rhode Island hne ; placed on the pension roll in 18 19. Thomas Gleeson, of the Rhode Island hne ; died Aug. S, 1833- John Larkin, a private in the Rhode Island militia; placed on the pension roll in 1833. Matthew Bennett, of the Rhode Island line ; placed on the pension roll in 18 19. Joseph Bennett, of the " Rhode Island state troops and militia"; placed on the pension roll in 1833. James Bennett, of the Rhode Island Hne ; placed on the pension roll in 1833. 27 OTHER NAMES IN THE RECORDS. Mention is also found in official records of the Revolu tion of Jeremiah Martin, of Providence county. He is credited with service in the Rhode Island militia. He was still living in 183 1. Joseph Carroll, another pen sioner, was living in 1833. He is described as of Kent county, and is credited with services in the militia. Thomas Long, described as of Providence county, was a mariner and served in the Continental navy. He died in 1 82 1. The Irish name Moore was borne by a number of Rhode Islanders in the Revolution. Christopher Moore was a private in Col. Lippitt's regiment. Later, a Christo pher Moore belonged to Capt. Humphries company of Col. Angell's regiment. John Moore was of Capt. Carr's company in Col. Richmond's regiment. In 1776, Wil liam Moore and Thomas Ray are mentioned as of Col. Elliott's regiment. The records likewise speak of Thomas Carey, a "recruit from Tiverton," 1782 ; of John Cowen, an ensign, as early as 1776, in Col. Lippitt's regiment; of Sergt. Peter Cowen who was of Col. Archibald Crary's regiment, and of Stephen Cowen who was in Capt. Hoppin's company of Lippitt's command. William Ennis became a sergeant and is mentioned as of Col. Sherburn's command. The rolls of Col. Topham's regiment include the names Lieut. Daniel Wall, Corp. Thomas Reynolds, James Reynolds, Stephen Rany, James Knox, and Richard Hayden. The rolls of Col. Israel Angell's regiment in clude the names Joseph Manning, Benjamin Jackson and others herein mentioned. John Conley of Providence, was, in 1777, mentioned as enhsted in Capt. Lewis' company 28 in the Continental service. It is likely that some men after their term of enlistment had expired, reenlisted into other regiments, as we frequently find the same name in different commands. In some cases, of course, it may have been borne by different individuals. WiUiam Parker, John Wilson, and James Bishop, of the list^ here given, were, as has been stated, natives of Ireland. In 1775 they were members of Captain Top- ham's company, of Col. Thomas Church's regiment, which was recruited in Newport and Bristol counties, Rhode Island. Parker was born in County Waterford, Ireland, and at the time of his enlistment was about forty-one years of age. He is described in a return as a laborer, and as having brown hair and brown eyes. His height was five feet, four and one half inches. Wilson was born in County Kilkenny, Ireland. He was a trunk maker. His age is given in the return as twenty-two years. Bishop was a native of Dubhn, a carpenter by trade, and was aged twenty-six years. He had dark hair and blue eyes. Dennis Hogan, Tobias Burk, William Crou, and Philip Doolinty — all Irishmen — were likewise members of Cap tain Topham's company in Church's regiment. Hogan was a native of Limerick, Ireland. He was by trade a " limner." In a return his age is given as twenty-four years. He had black hair and gray eyes. In the return mentioned his name is incorrectly spelled " Hogain." He was probably the Sergt. Dennis Hogan of whom 'See roll of Capt. John Topham's company, as published in the New England Historical and Genealogical Register. 29 mention is frequently made. Burk was also a native of Limerick, Ireland. He was a weaver, had light hair and blue eyes, and in 1775 was about twenty years of age. In a return his first name is given as "Tobiat." Cor rectly, this was doubtless Tobias. Crou was a native of County Waterford, Ireland, twenty years of age, a mari ner, and had light hair and blue eyes. The name Crou is an odd one. The correct form may have been Crowe or Carew. Philip Doolinty is mentioned as a native of "Tamonas Town, Kileaney," which was probably the company clerk's best attempt at writing Thomastown, Kilkenny.^ Philip was a laborer, had brown hair and blue eyes and, in 1775, was aged twenty-two years. A SOLDIER OF CAPTAIN FIELD'S COMPANY. Manie O'Daniel was a soldier of Capt. John Field's company in Colonel Hitchcock's regiment. He is later mentioned as of Capt. Simeon Thayer's company as the latter was made up from different commands near Boston for the expedition to Canada under Benedict Arnold. This odd name — Manie — is a form of Manus. James Hayden, as mentioned elsewhere, was a corporal in this company of Thayer's. David Healy (also spelled Healey) served, in 1776, in •Kilkenny — a county from which have come a number of prominent Rhode Islanders. George Berkeley, the brilliant Irishman who arrived at Newport, R. I., in 1729, was a native of the county, and was known as "the Kilkenny scholar." Stephen Jackson, a native of Kilkenny, was born in the year 1700, and came to this country about 1724. In 1745 he was a resident of Providence, R. I., where he is mentioned as a " schoolmaster." One of his descendants, Charles Jackson, became governor of Rhode Island. Rev. James Wilson, who for many years was pastor of the " Round Top " church in Providence, R. I., is also stated to have been from Kilkenny. Hon. Thomas Davis, who was elected to Congress from Rhode Island in 1853, was a Kilkenny man, and so was the late Roman Catholic Bishop Hendricken of Providence. 30 Capt. Loring Peck's company of Colonel Lippitt's regi ment. John Mitchell was in Capt. Benjamin Hoppin's company of the same regiment. Edward Murfee, Philip Morris, and John Driskill also served in Captain Hoppin's company of Lippitt's regiment. Joseph Burke was of Capt. John Whipple's company "doing duty on Rhode Island," March, 1 781. Stephen Daily, Edward Morris, Joseph Norton, Robert Kennady, and Joseph Gaffery saw service in Col. John Topham's regiment. Solomon Dailey was of the fourth company of Colonel Hitchcock's regiment of the army of observation. John Conway, John McCloud, Anthony Murray, Thom as Hart, and John McCoy served with fidelity in Col. Robert Elliott's regiment. Lawrence McLouth, Barney Clarke, John Lawless, and William Lawless belonged to Col. Archibald Crary's regiment. William Lawless became a captain, Edward Bennett was of Capt. Jeremiah Olney's company, Hitchcock's regiment, 1775. William McCoy was quartermaster sergeant in Capt. Thomas Cole's company in Col. Christopher Greene's command. James Daily was in the same company. Peter Daily is mentioned as of Capt. E. Lewis' company, in Col. Christopher Greene's regiment, in i779-'8o. The following mention is made of this company on one occa sion: Newport, 6'" Jan'y, 1780. Mustered then the 3"* Com pany as specified in the above Roll. Danl. S. Dexter, Commiss. of Muster, Pro tem. 31 Andrew Boyd, who is stated to have been of Irish extraction, was a charter member, 1774, of the Kentish Guards of East Greenwich, R. I. On the morning after the battle of Lexington, the Guards, numbering no men, rank and file, left East Greenwich on the march for the scene of action. They had proceeded as far as Pawtucket, R. I., when they received an express informing them of the result of the battle. They, thereupon, returned to East Greenwich, but continued on duty, there. The Boyds were a numerous family in East Greenwich, R. I., and vicinity. Some of them were born in Ireland ; all are believed to have been of Irish blood. The given name Andrew frequently occurs in the family. One Andrew Boyd of Rhode Island is mentioned as a native of the County Antrim, Ireland, of which place his mother, Sarah (Moore) Boyd, was also a native. Another Andrew, probably the one mentioned in the charter of the Kentish Guards, is thus referred to in the records of the General Assembly, October, i 'j']6 : "In council was read the return of Andrew Boyd, clerk of the company of Kentish Guards, choosing Christopher Greene, of Warwick, son of Nathaniel, second lieutenant of said company, in the room of Thomas Holden, who refused." Edward Casey served in Col. Archibald Crary's regi ment. Oliver Kelly and Duncan Kelly are mentioned as Barrington, R. I., soldiers who served under Capt. Thomas Allin. Corporal William Kelley was of the Barrington militia guard in 1778. Among the residents of Warren, R. I., in May, 1778, when the town was raided and pillaged by the enemy was the Rev. Erasmus Kelley. He had gone to Warren from Newport when the latter place was taken possession of by 32 the British under Pigot. During the raid on Warren, Rev. Mr. Kelley lost nearly all his household effects, which were taken or destroyed by the foe. Many other residents of Warren suffered in like manner. JOHN O'KELLEY OF CAPTAIN ORMSBEE'S COMPANY. John O'Kelley was in 1776 a member of Capt. Ezra Ormsbee's company^ of mihtia in the town of Warren, R. I. Among others in the company were Daniel Kelley and Joseph Kelley. The General Assembly, in 1782, gave " Mrs. Elizabeth O'Kelley of Warren, widow and admin istratrix of John O'Kelley," permission to sell certain real estate. In 1794, a Kelly was empowered by the General Assembly " to erect a toll bridge over Kelly's ferry in Warren." Joseph McMilon was a member of Capt. Ezra Orms bee's company, of Warren, in 1776, while among the Warren soldiers in 1777 were Joseph McMiUion (probably another form of the name) and Peter McMiUion. This name McMiUion may have been McMillen, McMaUon, or McMullen — all three of which are found in Ireland. In a deed dated June i, 1798, Peter McMillan and his wife, Sarah, are shown to have been at that date residents of Galway, Saratoga county, New York. Peter McMillen was of the crew of the privateer General Stark of Warren. Whether he was the soldier mentioned as Peter McMiUion the writer is unable to state. The General Stark was of some 130 tons burden and carried fourteen guns. William O'Brien and John Killey were members of Capt. Curtis Cole's company, 1781, in Col. iMiss Virginia Baker's History of Warren, Rhode Island, in the War of the Revo lution. (Warren, R. I., 1901.) 33 Nathan Miller's regiment. O'Brien and Killey were both probably of Warren.^ The former sometimes appears as O'Briant and O'Brient. BRIEF MENTION OF EIGHTEEN IRISHMEN. Michael Wright was a native of Mountmellick, Queen's county, Ireland. He is described as a ribbon weaver. He enlisted at Providence, January, 1 781, and served in a Rhode Island regiment of the line. He may have also served in other organizations in campaigns previous to 1 78 1. He is mentioned in a return as 42 years of age and as having his residence in " Seacunnet," R. I. His enlistment here mentioned was for three years. Mark Barns who also served in the Rhode Island Con tinentals was born in Waterford, Ireland, and at the time of his enlistment resided in Providence, R. I. His age is given as 28 years. He was by trade a " wine cooper." He enlisted " for the war" and is described as having brown hair and a " fresh complexion." James Foster was a native of Dublin, Ireland. He enlisted at Coventry, R. I., was 47 years of age, had 1 The town of Warren, R. I., was named in honor of an Irishman, Sir Peter War ren. Several pages in O'Hart's Irish Pedigrees are devoted to the Warrens of Ire land. A copy of the work can be found in the Providence Public Library. Edward Warren served the Stuart cause in Ireland and at one time had command of the cit adel of Belfast. After the fall of Limerick he went to France. A Patrick Warren is mentioned in 1559. Capt. Edward Warren was among the Confederated Catholics, at Kilkenny, in 1646. In 16S9, Capt. John Warren was a member of the Irish parlia ment. Anthony Warren, a son of Sir William Warren, married the widow of Sir Cahir O' Dougherty, Knt. Col. Henry Warren was among the Catholic defenders of Drogheda during the siege of the latter, in 1649, by Cromwell. The Irish War rens became so prominent that Warrenstown, in the County Meath, was named after them. Bearers of the name were also found in Dublin, Carlow, Queen's, Kildare and other Irish counties. Some of the Clan O'Byrne took the name Warren. In 1774, a Captain Warren was with the Irish brigade in France and held a commission in the Regiment of Dillon. A Lieutenant Warren served in the Irish Legion organized by Napoleon Bonaparte. 3 34 " gray hair " and a " fresh complexion." The date of his enlistment is given as January, 1781, and was "for the war." Like others, he may have been a veteran of pre vious campaigns. James Hayes was born in Cork, Ireland. He is de scribed in the roll as 25 years of age, and a "mariner." He enlisted at Bristol, R. I., January, 1 781, for three years. Cornelius Driskill was a native of Kinsale, County Cork, Ireland. He became a resident of Providence, R. I., and is referred to as a " mariner." He is mentioned in the roll as 18 years of age. He enlisted into the Rhode Island Continental line, in January, 1781, "for three years." James King was born in Dublin, Ireland, and resided in Providence, R. I. He was a tailor by trade, had black hair and a light complexion, and enlisted at Providence " for the war." The regimental rolls mention him as 25 years of age. John Huzzey was a native of Armagh, Ireland. He enlisted in January, 1777, "for the war." His age is given as JO years. He had gray hair and a light com plexion. Matthew Hendly was bom in Limerick, Ireland. He was a barber by trade. His age is given on the regi mental rolls as 30 years. Michael Killey [correctly, probably Kelley] was a native of Limerick, Ireland. He was a barber, 5 ft. 6 in. in height and had dark hair and a dark complexion. He resided in Newport, R. I. His age is given in a return as. 36 years. 35 Daniel Monks was a native of Ireland, a barber by trade and resided at Newport, R. I. He enlisted at New port " for the war." His age is given as 64 years. He is mentioned as a private in Capt. Thomas Hughes' com pany, of Angell's command, and also as serving under Olney and in " Col. Greene's Regiment of Foot." Daniel Miller was a weaver. He was born in Ireland, had light hair and a light complexion and enlisted at Providence, R. I., Jan. i, 1777, "for the war.'' He is mentioned as 30 years of age. Charles Watson, a weaver, was born in Ireland. He enlisted Jan. i, 1777, "for the war." He appears on the rolls as 25 years of age. Peter Burns, another Irishman, enlisted at North Kings town, R. I., in January, 1777, "for the war." He was 43 years of age. Michael Doharty [also spelled Doherty] was a native of Donegal, Ireland, and enlisted at Providence, R. I., in April, 1777, "for the war." He was a young man, 22 years of age. Edward Fitzgerald of Newport, R. I., was born in Tip- perary, Ireland, and is mentioned as of the Rhode Island Continentals when he was 19 years of age. He is spoken of elsewhere herein. Peter Morrison, who is mentioned as from " Ireland," served in Col. Israel Angell's regiment. James Madden, from " Ireland," likewise served in Angell's regiment. John Mahony, from " Ireland," is mentioned as of the second battalion of Angell's regiment. 36 OTHER NAMES IN THE RHODE ISLAND RECORDS. Timothy Mahony is spoken of as serving under Captain Sprague in 1777. Patrick McMuUan is mentioned in the Rhode Island records as a marine aboard the sloop Providence, Conti nental navy. He entered Jan. 5, 1776. Patrick McNamara was a marine aboard the ship Alfred, Continental navy. The Rhode Island records mention him. John McLaughlin was a marine and served on the Columbus of the Continental navy. Hugh McCowan was also a marine and served on the Columbus. He is mentioned as early as 1776. Matthew McCaffray was a marine aboard the sloop Providence, Continental navy. He entered in 1776. The Rhode Island records state that he was " Left sick at Providence, fever." Dennis McCartel is mentioned as a private in 1776 and is also referred to as having had " previous service." Patrick Harrington was a private in Capt. Simeon Thayer's company and went with Thayer in the expedi tion to Canada and was taken prisoner at Quebec. He may have been the soldier mentioned elsewhere as Patrick Hannington. Hugh Kenady was a soldier credited to West Green wich, R. I. The name is also found spelled Kinady, Ken nady, etc. Peter Cowen was a sergeant in Col. Archibald Crary's regiment. Barnabus Hicks served under Col. William Richmond. 37 John Sullivan and William Sullivan, both of Rhode Island, are mentioned in the Massachusetts records as serving on the ship Deane. John's age is given as i6 years, and William, aged 25 years, is mentioned as a " volunteer " on the ship. H\\^ Deane was commanded by Elisha Hinman. WILLIAM MC COY OF GREENE'S REGIMENT. The records also mention a William McCoy. He was quartermaster sergeant in Capt. Thomas Cole's company of Col. Christopher Greene's regiment. John Murray^ and Samuel Dunn ^ were members of " the Providence Com pany of Cadets," under Colonel Nightingale, stationed at Pawtuxet, R. I., from Jan. 7 to Feb. 7, 1777. A partici pant named Dunn is mentioned in connection with the Gas-pee affair. In one place his given name is stated to have been Benjamin. Another authority, however, in clines to the belief that it was Samuel. John Welch, at first an ensign in Captain Hoxsie's 1 The Irish Murrays trace descent from a remote period, and have produced many people of distinction. The name derives from O'Muireadhaigh ('' Muir," Irish : the sea ; and " eadhach'' or " eadhaigh," a protector or garment). The Irish form has been anglicized O'Murray, Murray, Murry, etc. The prefixes Mac and Kil are also found in Ireland in connection with the name, i. e., MacMurray and Kilmurray. A Clan O'Murray was at one period in Irish history prominent in the territory of Bref- ney, which included the modern counties of Cavan and Leitrim and parts of Meath and Sligo. Also prominent in Brefney were the clans O'Rourke, O'Reilly, O'Car- roll, O'Fay, MacDonnell, MacHugh, MacManus, MacCogan and others of note. O'Murrays were also chieftains of Ceara, in Mayo, and of the Lagan, in Mayo. The name Murray at present abounds throughout Ireland. Whether the Murrays of Scot land are kin to the Murrays of Ireland is a topic often discussed. It is possible that both had a common Gaelic origin going back to the days when Ireland (Scotia Major) was the mother country of Scotland (Scotia Minor). 2 Dunn, a typical Irish name ; from the Irish O'Duin, anglicized O'Dunn, Dunn, Dunne, Dun, and Doyne. Some of the Irish Dunns may have derived their name irom dun — a fort — illustrated in the Irish names Dun-luce, Dun-more, Dun-manway etc. 38 company, of a Rhode Island regiment, became a lieu tenant in Colonel Topham's command, and was later attached to Col. Jeremiah Olney's regiment. He re ceived a staff appointment as quartermaster. It is a well-known fact that a project was undertaken during the Revolution to raise a regiment of Rhode Island slaves. Those enlisting were thereby to be made free, and their former masters were to be compensated by the state. James Burk of Providence had a slave who thus enlisted. He was named Africa Burk, and his master valued him at ;i^i20. The General Assembly in March, 1781, refers to the farm in Exeter, R. I., " lately belonging to Samuel Boone," leased to Michael Dawley by the state for £gi. This was one of the Irish Dawleys, a family that became quite numerous in Rhode Island. Many of its descend ants are still found in the state. Boone, just mentioned, was a loyalist, and his farm had been confiscated. It was provided by the General Assembly that Dawley should pay the rental in produce for the troops. Michael Dawley is mentioned^ as belonging to a militia company during the Revolution. He was still living in 1834. John Herrington (or Harrington) was made an ensign in Capt. Stephen Sheldon's company, in November, 1776. The company formed part of Colonel Sayles' regiment. Maj. John Clark ^ who, for quite a period during the Revolution was an aide to Gen. Nathaniel Greene, was the grandson of an Irish weaver. On one occasion, having captured a British standard, he was ' In a report of the secretary of war relative to the pension establishment of the United States (Washington, D. C, 1S35). 2 Not known to be a Rhode Islander. 39 offered .£'200 to return it, but rejected the proposal with scorn. EDWARD BURKE, LIEUTENANT OF MARINES. Edward Burke was a lieutenant of marines, and served on the ship Columbus, Continental navy. He entered Dec. 29, 1776. Was discharged at Newport, R. I., Oct. 19, 1777. Timothy Burke served in Capt. James Parker's com pany, of Col. Christopher Smith's regiment. He enlisted February, 1777, for fifteen months. George O'Harra was "armorer's mate'' on the ship Alfred, Continental navy, 1776. Peter Morris was a marine, and served on the ship Columbus, Continental navy. He was discharged at Newport, R. I. Joseph Moran served in Capt. Robert Carr's company, of Col. Nathan Miller's regiment of mihtia. Moran is supposed to have belonged in Warren, R. I., or vicinity. A Joseph Moran is mentioned as of Barrington, R. I. He may have been the same. Ehzabeth Obrian [O'Brian] was a nurse in a hospital during the Revolution. She is mentioned in a pay abstract covering the period from Jan. i, 1778, to Nov. i, 1778. John M. O'Brien was a Rhode Island Continental sol dier. He served in Capt. J. Dexter's company, of the "Late Col. Greene's regiment." He enlisted on Feb. i, 1 78 1, for a term of three years, and died on Nov. 19, 1 78 1. He was doubtless the soldier who is elsewhere 4° mentioned in the Rhode Island records as John Morris O'Brien. Patrick O'Brian was a marine, and served aboard the Alfred, being later transferred to the Columbus. William O'Brient [O'Brien] is mentioned as of Sergt Nathan Barden's company, town guard at Warren, R. I. The name William O'Bryan, probably the same indi vidual, is found in a military account book, 1778, Warren, R. I. William O'Brient [O'Brien] served in Colonel Angell's Rhode Island regiment of Continentals, having enlisted "for the war." Whether he was the William O'Brient referred to as of Warren, R. I., is not known. Charles Kelly is believed to have been of Richmond, R. I. He was taken prisoner at Fort Washington, and is referred to as " a prisoner upon parole." Richard Harrington was " drafted by Jonathan Matti- son from alarum companies " in the town of Coventry, R. I.. 1778. Thomas Kelley was a "tender, general hospital," 1778- 79- William Kelley, elsewhere referred to herein, was a cor poral in Sergt. Josiah Humphry's guard of militia sta tioned at Barrington, R. I., 1778. TIMOTHY KELLY OF CAPTAIN WEST'S COMPANY. Timothy Kelly served as a private in Capt. Benjamin West's company, 1777. Thomas Cary was a sergeant in Captain Fenner's com pany, of Colonel Lippitt's regiment, ^776-77. A 41 Thomas Carey, perhaps the same, was a sergeant in Capt. Joseph Sprague's company, of Colonel Brown's regiment, Rhode Island militia, in 1779. William Cary appears as a private in Capt. William Lawless' company, of Colonel Crary's regiment. Bernard Galligher served on the sloop Providence, Continental navy. Entered Sept. 4, 1776. Taken from the Favourite. PhiHp Driskel, Jr., served in 1776, in Captain Joseph Pendleton's company of militia. Westerly, R. I. Richard Driskill was a matross in Colonel Elliott's regi ment of artillery, 1779. Michael Moore is mentioned as a private of marines on the ship Alfred. John Riley was a matross in Colonel Elliott's artillery regiment. He enlisted July 17, 1779. Daniel Jackson is mentioned in a return, 1777, as ma jor of the Independent Company of Light Infantry, Provi dence county, R. I. John Joyce belonged to a militia company of Warwick, R. I. He is credited with service in 1777. Patrick Hickey served in Angell's regiment. In one place he is reported as sick at Warren, R. I. Patten Fitzgerald of Providence enlisted here June 22, 1780, and served in the Continental line. David Burk is mentioned as of Capt. James Parker's company, in Col. Christopher Smith's regiment. He was enhsted by Captain Parker April 3, 1777, for fifteen months. John Burk, from " Ireland," served in the second bat talion of Colonel Angell's command. 42 Matthew Bryan served under Captain Dexter during the war. James Bryan is mentioned as " In 6th Company, signs receipt to Daniel S. Dexter, Py'mr, Dated May 28, 1781." A James Bryan is also mentioned as " Musick," 5th Com pany in R. I. Regiment of Foot, July, 1782. MICHAEL KELLEY OF COLONEL GREENE'S REGIMENT. Michael Kelley is mentioned in a return of Colonel Greene's Regiment of Foot, March 22, 1781, as " on com mand on the lines." Eleazar Kelley was a corporal at one period in Col onel Crary's regiment. James M'Case, was born in Ireland, and resided at New port, R. I. He was a private in the " Ninth Regiment of Foot, U. S. service, Col. Crary commanding." Stephen Killey was a private in " Col. Fry's regiment at Warren," R. I., 1777. Gerrald Fitzgerrald [Gerald Fitzgerald] was a "Quar ter-Gunner " aboard the ship Columbus. He entered Jan. 7, 1776. He was discharged at Newport. John Griffin is mentioned as of an " Invalid regiment." His name appears in a "copy of order for payment of wages, etc., allowed for services while in I [Invalid] regi ment. Dated Constitution Island, June 15, 1783." James Griffen was a private in Captain Springer's com pany, of Colonel Topham's regiment. In one place he is mentioned as " Sick in Gen. Cornell's hospital at Tiver ton," R. I., 1779. William Driskill was of Capt. Joseph Pendleton's militia company, of Westerly, R. I., 1776. 43 Joseph Forde served as a private in Lieutenant-Colonel Smith's regiment. He was enlisted by Lieut. Henry Alex ander, of Captain Parker's company, Dec. 23, 1776. Daniel Sullivan was a private in Captain Whipple's com pany, in Col. Christopher Olney's regiment. David Dowd served in the second company of War wick, R. I., under Squire Millerd, captain. Thomas Burns was surgeon's mate aboard the ship Columbus. He entered Jan. 18, 1776. William Burns was a seaman on the Alfred. He "ship ped at Rhode Island," Dec. 29, 1775. John M'Clanen, from " Ireland " served in the second battalion of Colonel Angell's command. John McGowan was rated as a landsman aboard the ship Columbus. He entered Jan. 4, 1776. Charles McDonald served as a seaman on the Colum bus. The Rhode Island records also mention a native of Ire land named Johnston — first name not given — who was a resident of Bristol, R. I., and served in the " Ninth Regi ment of Foot, U. S. service," under Colonel Crary. Edward Bennett was of Colonel Hitchcock's regiment. He is mentioned as having sustained the " loss of left arm above elbow in action with enemy at Harlem Heights, on Fort Island, Sept. 10, 1776." OTHER MENTION IN THE RECORDS. Peter Nagle, who came from " Ireland," served in Col onel Angell's regiment. Peter Nagel, doubtless the same, is credited with service in Capt. Stephen Olney's company of the regiment. He enlisted March 18, 1777. 44 Arthur Nagle was a marine on the ship Columbus, Con tinental navy. James Casey served as a private in the company of Capt. Billings Throope. Mention is made of him in the records of Rhode Island. Thomas Murray, a marine, served on the Columbus . He entered Dec. i8, 1775. Joseph Murrey was a private in Colonel Elliott's regi ment. Patrick Capron served in Col. Angell's regiment of Con tinentals. So did Edward Murfey who is recorded as from "Ireland." In 1777, Murfey (also spelled Murfy), was of Capt. Stephen Olney's company in the regiment. All the commanders of Rhode Island regiments from the opening until the close of hostilities — Church, Top ham, Elliott, Crary, Sayles, Angell, Sherburn, Olney, Greene, and the rest — had, no doubt, many Irish at all times in their respective commands. Samuel Black is believed to have been related to Alex ander and James Black, Irish merchants of Providence. In 1776 he was ensign in Capt. Asa Kimball's company of Colonel Sayles' regiment. In 1779 he was lieutenant in Capt. David Howell's company of Providence, and in 1781 was lieutenant in Capt. Benjamin Hoppin's artillery com pany of Providence. Patrick Foy and James Lowery, of the list here pre sented, were from Hopkinton, R. I., and enlisted in Colonel Smith's regiment, the former in 1777 and the latter the year previous. Lawrence McLouth and Anthony Murray are names found on the muster rolls of Col. Archibald 45 Crary's regiment. And so the subject grows in interest as we proceed. In July, 1778, "A return of the soldiers enlisted for the town of North Kingstown " included Patrick Duyer (possi bly Dwyer), John Duyer, WiUiam Harvey, John Kennedy, and John Hogen. In March, 1780, there was made "A return of all the matrosses in Colonel Robert Elliott's regiment of artillery." The return contains such names as McCarty, Morris, Mur ray, and McCoy. In another place appears the enlistment into the same regiment of Cornelius Sullivan, already mentioned. Luke Doyle also joined the same regiment, and among others in the command were John Barry, Patt Dunphy, William Fee, Charles Mullen, Thomas Conner, Michael Dorothy (probably Doherty), Edward Donnelly, and Matthew Barr. From which it is evident there was plenty of Irish blood in the command. Ensign M. Carthy (doubtless intended for Ensign McCar thy) appears in "A weekly return of the Second Battalion of Foot, raising for the state of Rhode Island, and com manded by Colonel Israel Angell." John Tracy, men tioned in the hst, was an aide-de-camp on the staff of General Glover at the operations on the island of Rhode Island under Gen. John Sullivan. The appointment was announced Aug. 15, 1778. WiUiam M'Carty also served in SuUivan's forces at that period. M'Carty took part in the siege of Newport and the battle that ensued. " THE BEST FOUGHT ACTION OF THE WAR." This engagement was pronounced by Lafayette to be " the best fought action of the war," and the Congress tendered SuUivan, son of the Irish schoolmaster, and his 46 officers and men its warm thanks for their fortitude and bravery displayed in the action of August 29, in which they repulsed the British forces and maintained the field. Sullivan was also complimented by the states of Rhode Island and New Hampshire. In addition to two of his brothers — James and Eben — there also served under Sul livan in that engagement Lieutenant-Colonel Hackett, Edward Phelon, and other officers of Irish lineage. On his retirement from the command of the Rhode Island department in 1779, General Sullivan was presented a number of addresses. He was entertained at a banquet in Providence, and on leaving town was accompanied some distance by Generals Glover and Varnum, officers from each corps of the army, and many leading citizens. An artillery salute of thirteen guns rounded out the farewell. William M'Carty, just alluded to, upon returning with Sullivan's forces to Providence from the island of Rhode Island, is mentioned,^ together with Captain Hodgkins and Lieutenant Pierce, as having taken up quarters at the house of Captain Frazer's wife, whose husband was then at sea. Patrick McKown was a wagoner attached to the quarter master-general's department at Providence. Alfred Joyce, a native of Warwick, R. I., enhsted into a Massachusetts regiment at West Point. He enlisted April 13, 1779, and had perhaps seen previous service. His first name is sometimes rendered as Alford. William Lawless was made a captain under Colonel Crary in 1778. A year later he was "captain-lieutenant" of the colonel's company in the first battalion of infantry. Edward Ross was an ensign in the Second Infantry com pany of Westerly. William Creed became a captain. It 1 New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol. VII, page 138. (Foot note.) 47 is a matter of record that the deputy-governor once lent him " twenty-five three-pound shot, a ladle and worm." Terence Reily's name appears in a return made in 1780. He was probably the schoolmaster of the name resident in Providence, of whom mention ¦* is elsewhere found. James Flanagan and Edward Fitzgerald, elsewhere re ferred to, are mentioned in the " Muster and Size Rolls of Recruits Enlisted for the Town of Newport for the Cam paign of 1782." Flanagan and Fitzgerald were at one time stationed at Ticonderoga. They were enlisted for nine months, though both had seen service in previous campaigns. In Colonel Topham's command, 1776, are found John Casey, Benjamin Hackett, Joseph Gaffery, Stephen Daily, James Read, Robert Kennedy, Edward Morris and Charles McMillen. In Colonel Crary's regiment were included Lawrence Clarke, Edward Casey, William McCoy, Eseck Kelly, John Lawless, and others whose names are indicative of Irish lineage. Joseph Read, James Martin, David Healey, Peter Mc MiUion and Edward Murfee were, at one time, members of Colonel Lippitt's regiment. Corp. Daniel Hayden and Michael Cooney were, in 1779, of Captain AUen's company, in AngeU's regiment. Cooney is mentioned in a " List of Officers and Men who have died in, or been honorably discharged from. Colonel Angell's regiment." James Butler of Cumberland and ^Irish Schoolmasters in the American Colonies, 1640-1775, with a Continuation of the Subject During and after the War of the Revolution. (Washington, D. C, 1898.) Early Irish Educators of American Youth. (The il/oK(' Bernard Magennis, lieutenant, 1757 ; James P. O'Flannagan, lieutenant-colonel, 1766 (a chevalier of St. Louis); Joseph L. O'Hurley, captain, i756-'8o (a chevalier of St. Louis); Patrick O'Kelly, captam, i774-'79 (a chevalier of St. Louis); Daniel O'Carroll, captain, i775-'79 (a chevalier of St. Louis) ; Le Baron Bernard O'Neill, captain, 1777 (a chevalier of St. Louis) ; Lieutenant-Colonel O'Mahoney, 1778 (a chevalier of St. Louis) ; Daniel O'SuUivan captain, 1778; Denis O'SuUivan, captain, 177S; P. F. McGuire, captain, I779-'S3 (a chevalier of St. Louis) ; Michael McDermott, captain, 1779 (a chevalier of St. Louis). Some of the latter of these officers may have been in Rhode Island with our French allies. 57 Ireland, and was born in 1757. He was killed at Savannah, 1779. O'Farrell, of the Regiment of Dillon^ was wounded in the assault on Savannah. Mullens, of the Irish-French Regiment of Berwick, saw much service in America, and was at one time a " Captain des Guides." Stone, in Our French Allies, mentions an officer named MuUins, who was at Newport with Rochambeau's forces in 1780. He had quarters there, at the house of Mrs. Mumford, and the fact that he is described as a " Captain des Guides " leads to the conviction that he and the Cap tain Mullens here mentioned were identical. MacdonnaU, of the Regiment of DiUon, took part in the movement against Savannah. At one time during the operations he had command of a picket of sixty volunteers. TWO OTHER NOTED IRISH-FRENCH SOLDIERS. Two other noted soldiers who served in America under Rochambeau were Charles Geoghegan^ and James O'Moran. The former was an Irishman, a native of the County West- meath. He received the decoration of the Cincinnati from the hands of Washington, returned to France and was made a general.^ O'Moran was also an Irishman, ^ Pronounced Gay-gen. ^ Many thousands of men of Irish blood have served in the armies of France. In 1690, France having forwarded seven battalions to James II, in Ireland, the latter sent a number of Irish regiments, including Dillon's, O'Brien's and Mountcashel's, to the French King. Eventually each of these regiments comprised i ,600 men, di vided into 16 companies. Finer corps were never seen in Europe. This was the first Irish brigade in the service of France and was commanded by Mountcashel (Justin MacCarthy). After the fall of Limerick, in 1691, nearly 20,000 Irish troops enlisted in the French service. In 1695 there were in France about a dozen Irish regiments, including some of the finest cavalry in the service. For more than a cen tury the Irish brigades reflected glory upon the shamrock and the lilies. Many of the Irish commanders attained eminent rank in the French service. High orders were conferred upon them. Thus, Count Patrick Darcy became a Knight of St. Louis and of St. Lazarus ; Count Arthur Lally became a Knight Grand Cross of St. Louis ; 58 born in 1739, and attained eminence in France. He, like wise, was enrolled in the Cincinnati. At the close of the war in America he returned to France and became a major-general. He was brought before the revolutionary tribunal in France and perished, hke Dillon, at the hands of the Terror. Whether Geoghegan and O'Moran were ever in Rhode Island the writer cannot say. If not at Newport, it is possible they may have accompanied the French army on its return through Rhode Island from Yorktown. M. de McCarty was another Irish-French officer at Newport, R. I. He was attached to the battleship Le Con quer ant, ^ d.nd is recorded as an "Ensigne de Vaisseau." Some of the chaplains who accompanied the French forces to America were also Irish, selected because of their abil ity to speak the language of the country. The names of two of these — Lacy^ and Whelan^ — have come down to us. Whether they were at Newport is not known, though it is by no means improbable. Maurice MacMahon, a Knight of Malta ; Jacques Francois Edouard Sarsfield (de scendant of Patrick Sarsfield), a Knight of the Golden Fleece ; Charles O'Brien, a marshal of France. One soldier of Irish descent — MacMahon — became, even in our own day, president of France. 1 Stone's Our French Allies. "Journal of Claude Blanchard. ' The Rev. Charles Whelan was an Irish Franciscan. At the close of the Revo lution he ministered to a congregation in New York city, and subsequently labored on the Kentucky mission. He died in Maryland in 1809. MEN FROM MASSACHUSETTS SERVING IN RHODE ISLAND. TV /r ANY soldiers of Irish extraction came to Rhode -'-'-'¦ Island from Massachusetts, and saw service here, at various periods during the Revolution. The rolls in the Bay state archives ^ bear evidence of this fact. In some instances these men are spoken of as respond ing to " an alarm " from Rhode Island, as assembUng for " a secret expedition " to the state or as being stationed here as a portion of the patriot army under General Sullivan and other commanders. RoUs signed by State or Continental " Muster Masters " are still in existence and may be consulted relative to this subject. Pay abstracts " sworn to in quarters at Prov idence " or elsewhere are also found as well as muster rolls " dated Providence " and at other places. In fact, the Massachusetts records contain a great deal of valuable data in this respect. Reference has already been made to Hon. James Sulli van, a brother of Gen. John Sullivan, who participated with the latter in the battle of Rhode Island, August 29, 1778. James was then a judge of the superior court of Massachusetts, and subsequently became governor of that state. Brown University conferred upon him the degree LL. D. 1 See Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of ihe Revolutionary War. A Compila tion from the Archives, Prepared and Published by ihe Secretary of ihe Common- ¦wealth. (Boston.) 6o Lieut. Patrick Phelon was of Col. David Henley's Mas sachusetts regiment, and is mentioned in a return dated Providence, September ii, 1778. He was transferred to Jackson's Massachusetts regiment in April, 1779, and early in 1 78 1 was transferred to the Ninth Massachusetts, serv ing in 1783 in the Third Massachusetts. He was a captain in the Second U. S. Infantry, I79i,and was killed Novem ber 4 that year in an engagement with Indians at St. Clair's defeat near Fort Recovery, Ohio. Ensign Edward Phelon, of Henley's regiment, was in camp at Pawtuxet, R. I., October 10, 1778. He subsequently served in Jackson's regiment and in other Massachusetts commands. He is mentioned as a lieutenant, October 14, 1 78 1, and as captain September 30, 1783. He died Jan uary 7, 1 8 10. Lieut. John Phelan, another Massachusetts officer, was at Providence in 1778 and 1779. His name is also spelled Phelon. He participated in the battle of Rhode Island and was wounded in that engagement. He served to November 3, 1783, and died in September, 1827. Timothy Sullivan, of Captain Cushing's company. Col. Joseph Vose's regiment, was stationed at Providence in 1779. John O'Brian, a Massachusetts soldier, was in an " expe dition to Rhode Island," in 1778. Sergt. James O'Bryant (probably O'Brien or O'Bryan), was of Capt. Ezra Lunt's company, Henley's regiment. His name appears in a return sworn to at Providence, September, 1778. Thomas Obryan, of Capt. Abraham Hunt's company, Vose's regiment, was stationed at Providence in 1779. Ralph O'Daniels, of Capt. Ephraim Lyon's company, 6i Colonel Wade's regiment, is credited with service " at Rhode Island" in 1778. Lieut. John Gilpatrick was of Capt. Joseph Pray's com pany. Wade's regiment, stationed in the state of Rhode Island, 1778. Lieut. John GiUpatrick, Jr., was a Massachusetts soldier located with his company at East Greenwich, R. I. He was a grandson of Thomas and Margaret Gillpatrick, who came from Ireland in 1720, and settled in what is now Kennebunk, Me. Richard Shean was of Captain Pray's company, in Colonel Wade's regiment, and was serving in Rhode Island during the latter half of 1778. John Welch was also of Wade's regiment, serving in the same company as Richard Shean, just mentioned. Eben, or Ebenezer, Sullivan, brother of Gen. John Sul livan, took part in the battle of Rhode Island and acquired an honorable record as an officer during the war. He had been educated for the bar, but early enhsted in the military service of his country. He was a captain in Scammon's Massachusetts regiment, May to December, 1775, and was, later, a captain in the Fifteenth Conti nental infantry. Taken prisoner at the Cedars, May 20, 1776, he was exchanged in 1778. The following is a list of SOME MASSACHUSETTS MEN SERVING IN RHODE ISLAND. Barr, Hugia Blake, James Barrett, James Blake, Jeremiah Barrey, John Blake, John Bennett, Jeremiah Brown, Patrick Bennett, Joseph Boyle, John 62 Burk, Anthony Burk, John Burk, Richard Burk, 'William Burns, 'William Cane, John Cary, Daniel Casady, 'William Casey, Edward Casey, John Cassady, Michael Cochran, John Conery, Peter Conner, John Connolly, 'William Connor, Joseph Conway, 'William Cook, Matthew Cowen, Patrick Crowley, Abraham Curry, Henry Daily, David Daily, Lewis Daley, Daniel Daley, Nathaniel Daley, Peter Donnagan, Cornelius Dowd, Isaac Driskill, Joseph Dunn, John Dunn, Thomas Fay, Thomas Fitz Gerald, Michael Fitzgerrl, James Flood, Stephen Ford, Benjamin Ford, Mark Ford, Robert Gilligan, Matthew Gilligan, Thomas Gilpatrick, John Gillpatrick, John, Jr. Gillpatrick, Nathaniel Ginness, Benjamin Gleason, Daniel Gleason, John Gleason, Joseph Jordan, John Jordan, Martin Keef, William Keley, David Keley, Hugh Kelley, John Kelley, Morris Kelley, Robert Kelley, Stephen Kelly, David Kelly, Timothy Kelly, WilHam Kenedy, John, Keney, Samuel Kennedy, John Kennedy, William Kennelly, Alex Kenney, Daniel Kenney, John Kenney, Stephen Kenney, Timothy Kenney, William Kenny, John Kenny, Thomas Knox, Henry Lane, Daniel Larkin, Edmund Linihan, William Long, Matthew 63 Lyon, Michael Madden, Michael Mahan, John Mallon, James McBride, William McCarty, Dennis McCormick, James McCoy, Barnabus McCoy, Peter McCurtin, William McDermit, Patrick McElroy, Robert McGlaughlin, Owen McLarey, James McLouth, Lawrence, Jr. McLouth, Lewis McLouth, Peter McLouth, Solomon McMickel, James McMullen, John MciMuUen, William McNeal, Francis McNeal, John Melony, John Moore, Timothy Obryan, Thomas O'Brian, John O'Bryant, James O'Daniels, Ralph Phelan, John Phelon, Edward Phelon, Patrick Shean, Richard Sullivan, Ebenezer Sullivan, James Sullivan, Timothy Sullivan, William Welch, John WAS IN "GARRISON AT PAWTUXET.' Patrick Brown, of the foregoing list of Massachusetts men, is mentioned as of Weymouth, Mass. He saw much service at different points during the war. He was in Col. Henry Jackson's regiment. At one time (April, 1779) his name appears in a muster roll dated "Garri son at Pawtuxet." His name also appears in a return dated Providence, July 8, 1779, and in a return from the "Camp at Providence," Dec. 31, 1779. Anthony Burk was at one time of a company raised " for a secret expedition to Rhode Island," the company's service at that time being given as thirty-seven days. He also served during the war in other commands. His occu pation is given as "husbandman," and his nationality, " Irish." 64 John Burk, of Brookfield, Mass., was a Continental sol dier. He is mentioned in a pay abstract for November, 1778, "sworn to in quarters at Providence." He was of Colonel Sheppard's regiment, and his name also appears in a muster roll for March and April, 1779, " dated Provi dence." Edward Casey was of Col. Ebenezer Thayer's regiment (Suffolk county, Mass.). He served three months and eight days "at Rhode Island." He enlisted July 26, 1780. John Casey enlisted Aug. 13, 1779. He was of Capt. Edward Hammond's company. His period of service "at Rhode Island " is given as one month and seven days. Michael Cassady, of Boston, served in Col. Joseph Vose's Continental regiment. He was at Valley Forge and, later, at Providence. His name appears in a muster roll for November, 1778, "dated Providence"; also in an "order for gratuity," dated Providence, Feb. 13, 1779, and in a muster roll for March and April, 1779, "dated Providence." John Conner served in Col. John Fellows' regiment and likewise in that of Col. William Sheppard. He was in Providence in 1778 and 1779, and perhaps at other periods. He was of the Continental line. Joseph Connor was a private, and served in Rhode Island under Major William Rogers. At various periods during the war he was of Capt. Jonathan Poor's company, and also of that of Capt. Benjamin Pike. WiUiam Connolly, of Boston, served in Col. Henry Jackson's regiment, and is mentioned as of Lieutenant Bayley's company of grenadiers in that command. His name appears in various returns in 1778 and 1779, dated " Camp at Providence," and Pawtuxet. 65 Patrick Cowen, of Dedham, Mass., served in Col. Ben jamin Hawes' regiment. In 1777 his company partici pated in a " secret expedition to Rhode Island." He also served in Col. Samuel Pierce's regiment. In 1779 Cowen was on duty at Tiverton, R. I. He was likewise, during the war, of Col. Nathan Tyler's regiment, and is also men tioned as of Major Nathaniel Heath's "detachment of guards." Martin Jordan, of this Massachusetts list, was a native of Cork, Ireland. He became a resident of West Spring field, Mass., and served in Col. Joseph Vose's regiment. His name appears on muster rolls " sworn to at Provi dence," 1778-79. Timothy Kenney was detached from Colonel Gill's regiment for service under Capt. John Armstrong on an expedition to Rhode Island. Thomas Kenny was a drummer; served in Col. Calvin Smith's regiment; was at Valley Forge. He is mentioned in a pay-roll, 1778, "sworn to at Providence," and in a muster roll, March and April, 1779, "dated Providence." Stephen Kenney responded to " an alarm at Rhode Island." He was of Capt. Jonathan Woodbury's com pany, in Col. Jacob Davis' regiment, 1780. Daniel Kenney's name appears in a list, dated Boston, Feb. II, 1779, detached from Col. Jacob Hatch's (Boston) regiment by Brig. -Gen. Lovell to serve at Providence. Cornelius Donnagan, a matross in Col. John Crane's artillery regiment. The name appears in muster rolls, 1779, dated Providence and Tiverton. He enhsted March 24, 1778, for three years. Joseph DriskiU, a lieutenant in Col. John Crane's artil lery regiment ; also in Stevens' corps of artillery. Lieu- S 66 tenant Driskill is mentioned in a " return for gratuity dated Greenwich, Nov. ID, 1779." Thomas Gilligan, of Colonel Wigglesworth's regiment ; his name appears in a muster roll dated Providence, March and April, 1779. He was of Western (Warren), Mass., and enlisted March 6, 1777, for three years. Micah [Michael?] Fitz Gerald, a private in Captain Howard's company. Roll dated Bridgewater, Mass. The company " marched to Rhode Island on the alarm of July 30, 1780." The Massachusetts rolls also mention Michael Fittsgereld, Michael Fitz Jerrell, Michael Fitz- jerld, Michael Fitzgerold and Michael Fitzjerrill. These names may have referred to the same individual. Matthew Gilligin, credited to the town of Western (Warren), Mass.; served in Col. Calvin Smith's regiment ( " late Wigglesworth's " ) ; Gilligin's name appears in a muster roU, July, 1778, "dated Camp Greenwich," and in one for March and April, 1779, dated Providence. NEW HAMPSHIRE MEN IN RHODE ISLAND. THE most prominent New Hampshire man who ren dered service in Rhode Island during the Revolution was, of course. Gen. John Sullivan. He was commissioned a brigadier-general by the Congress, took part in the siege of Boston and by his own exertions raised 2, GOO New Hampshire men, who also participated in the siege. The British evacuated Boston on St. Patrick's Day, March 17, 1776. Soon after this event, Sullivan, with his brigade, was ordered to Rhode Island to repel a threat ened attack by the enemy. Sullivan and Greene, the lat ter a native of Warwick, R. I., were commissioned major- generals on the same day, became close friends and were associated on many important occasions. On the recommendation of Greene and Washington, General Sullivan was appointed by the Congress to suc ceed General Spencer as commander of the Rhode Island department. Under date of Providence, March 30, 1778, Gov. Nicholas Cooke of Rhode Island thus wrote to Sul livan : " Sir: — I am favored with yours of the 26th informing me of your appointment to the command of the troops in this state. I have the pleasure of informing you that the appointment is highly satisfactory to us, and we hope will prove equally beneficial to the public and glorious to you." In May, 1778, the General Assembly of Rhode Island " Resolved, That it be recommended to the Hon. Major- 68 General Sullivan, to take up all persons who are suspected or known to be unfriendly to the state, or to the United States in general, that he shall think proper, and proceed against them according to the known practice in such cases in the army under the immediate command of His Excellency General Washington." Many officers and men from New Hampshire, of Irish blood, served in Rhode Island at different periods. In the roll of Lieut.-Col. Joseph Senter's force, of the Gran ite state, which was " marched to Rhode Island " in 1777, we find such names as Samuel Haley, William Kelley, Arthur MoUoy, Humphrey Flood, John Gowen, James Neal, Eliphalet O'Conner and a number of others that might be cited. Under date of Warwick, R. I., Nov. 18, 1777, Colonel Senter wrote to the New Hampshire authorities, stating that he arrived at Providence, R. I., Sept. 12, that year, and waited upon General Spencer, who gave him .an order Sept. 14 to march to Warwick and serve under Cornell. The latter at once put Senter's force at work building a fort and guarding the shore. On Sept. 21 Cornell in formed Senter that an expedition was planned against the enemy at Newport. He then ordered Senter to take com mand of the post and to collect all the boats on the shore from East Greenwich to Pawtuxet and put them in repair. Senter was also ordered to supply the militia, as soon as the latter came in, with cartridges and flints and to send the militia across the Providence river at night, that the movement might not be discovered by the enemy. On Oct. 8, 1777, Senter with his men crossed the river to Warren, R. I. Oct. 10 he marched to Swanzey; Oct. 12, to Tiverton ; Oct. 14, to Little Compton. The expedi- 6^ tion, however, was a failure, owing to its premature dis covery by the British. Gen. John Stark was another distinguished soldier who served in Rhode Island. His father was a native of Scot land, who went over to Ireland, where he married Eleanor Nichols, a native of the Irish province of Ulster, and sub sequently came to America. John, the future general, was born in the Irish settlement of Londonderry,! N. H., Aug. 28, 1728. Mackenzie, a biographer of General Stark, in speaking^ of the latter's victory at Bennington, calls special attention to the fact that the general was the " son of an Irish mother." GENERAL SULLIVAN WRITES TO THE CONGRESS. On May 3, 1778, General Sullivan, then in command of the Rhode Island department, wrote to the Congress, saying : "As the number of troops destined for this department will be so incompetent to defend it against a sudden attack, I think that the two State galleys, if prop erly fitted, would be of great advantage. ... I also beg Congress to order Gen. Stark, who has returned to New Hampshire from Albany, to me at this place, as I shall need two brigadiers when the troops arrive ; and the more so, as the extent of country to guard will be so great." General Stark was accordingly ordered to Rhode Island, and late in 1778 reached Providence. He was cordially I Rev. James MacSparran, an Irish Protestant clergyman of Rhode Island, writ ing in 1752 and referring to New Hampshire says , " In this province lies that town called London-Derry, all Irish, and famed for industry and riches." 2 William L. Mackenzie's The Sons of the Emerald Isle or Lives of One Thou sand Remarkable Irishmen ; including Memoirs of Noted Characters of Irish Par entage or Descent. (New York city, 1844.) 70 welcomed and was soon assigned to take post at East Green wich on the west shore of Narragansett Bay. Here he became very popular with the militia, who admired his soldierly and democratic qualities. Upon the close of his duties at that point, he went back to New Hamp shire to raise recruits and needed supplies. He came to Rhode Island again in the spring of 1779, and was ordered to watch the coast from Providence to Point Judith on the west side of the bay, and from Provi dence to Mount Hope on the east side. He was almost constantly in the saddle and seldom rested more than one night in the same place. Upon the evacuation of New port by the British, General Stark marched in and took possession. A New Hampshire brigade, under Gen. William Whip ple, came to Rhode Island in 1778. Among the officers accompanying it were : Col. Moses Kelly, Capt. James Gilmore, Capt. Daniel Moore, Lieut. Robert McMurphy, Lieut. James Garven, Lieut. James Hackett and others bearing Irish names. Colonel Kelly commanded a regi ment in the brigade. He belonged in Goffstown, N. H., and owned mills there at the locality now called "Kelly's Falls." Lieut. James Hackett, just mentioned, was a ship builder at Portsmouth, N. H. He was second in command of a company of Light Horse that volunteered for this ex pedition to Rhode Island, John Langdon being captain of the company. The latter numbered forty-six men, rank and file. COLONEL MOONEY'S NEW HAMPSHIRE REGIMENT. Early in 1779 a New Hampshire regiment, commanded by Col. Hercules Mooney, was ordered to Rhode Island. 71 Colonel Mooney was of Lee, N. H. He was a member of the Committee of Safety, 1 778-1 779, and in 1782 was a member of the New Hampshire legislature. Among the officers of his regiment when the latter was ordered to Rhode Island were : Major Daniel Reynolds, Quarter master Timothy Gleason and Lieut. Samuel Kelly. Capt. WiUiam Scott, another New Hampshire officer of Irish descent, served under General Sullivan in Rhode Island and remained with the army until 1781, when he entered the naval service. Among those who served in Rhode Island as members of Col. Moses Nichols' New Hampshire regiment were : Thomas Curry, John Moore, James Johnson, John McClure, Moses Welch, Thomas Cowen, Daniel Kenney, Daniel Downing, Joseph Johnson and Thomas Moore. In Col. Enoch Hale's New Hampshire regiment serving in Rhode Island, there were among others : John Mellen, Charles McCoy, John McBride, and WiUiam McCoy. In Colonel Kelly's New Hampshire regiment, during its service in Rhode Island, were : Thomas Mitchell, John Cochran, Philip Johnson, John Burns, WiUiam Moore, John McClary, William Burns and John McMillan. Lieut.-Col. Stephen Peabody's regiment, raised by the state of New Hampshire " for the Continental service at Rhode Island," 1778, included Joseph Tate, Daniel Lary, Paul Blake, James Lane, and William Kelly. Of these, Lary, Blake and Kelly were in Capt. Samuel Dearborn's company of the regiment. Among other New Hampshire soldiers who served in Rhode Island, mention is found of John McCarty, Joseph Welch, WiUiam Boyd, Nathaniel Kelley, Neal McGee and Jeremiah Neal. CONNECTICUT MEN IN RHODE ISLAND. THE Connecticut troops serving in Rhode Island also included, like those from Massachusetts and New Hampshire, many who were of Irish birth or extraction. Col. Samuel Chapman's regiment from Connecticut took part in the battle of Rhode Island, August 29, 1778, serv ing in the brigade of Gen. John Tyler. In the rolls of Chapman's regiment appear such names as Richard Butler, Denis Fling, Daniel Miles, James Morrison, Timothy Buck ley and others indicative of Hibernian origin. Butler, Fling and Miles were of Captain Pomeroy's company of the regiment, while Morrison and Buckley were of Captain Olcott's company. Col. Obadiah Johnson's Connecticut regiment was sta tioned in Providence, R. I., early in 1778, and had in its ranks a number of men bearing Irish names. Among these were : Michael F"lynn, Stephen Brady, Matthew Reed, David Kenedy, James Keeney, William Carey, Thomas Raney, James McClure, Thomas Day and others. Thomas Melona [Maloney], a Connecticut soldier, was killed in the battle of Rhode Island. This name appears in the rolls of Col. Samuel B. Webb's Connecticut regi ment. The latter cornmand wintered in Rhode Island in 1778-79, and remained in the state until the fall of 1779, when it marched to winter quarters at Morristown, N. J. The regiment was raised for the Continental line. John Riley, of Wethersfield, Conn., was a captain in the regiment ; Stephen Buckley was a sergeant, and among others in the command were : Thomas Quigley, Benjamin Mack, Peter Butler, Thomas Doyle, Timothy Fay, Daniel Gilmore, George O'Bryan and Timothy Higgins. SOME INTERESTING GENERAL MENTION. IN December, 1777, the General Assembly of Rhode Island appointed John Reynolds agent for the cloth ing department " agreeably to the request of James Mease, Esq., Clothier-General of the Continental Army." Mease was an Irishman, a native of Strabane, and became promi nent as a merchant in Philadelphia. In June, 1780, he subscribed ;^5,ooo in aid of the patriot cause. John Jenckes and Welcome Arnold, a committee, reported to the Rhode Island General Assembly in May, 1780, [that among other goods in the stores of the state were " thirty yards and one quarter of Irish linen." The Rhode Island records of that period mention a number of interesting facts relative to people of Irish birth or descent. In 1777, Thomas Burke was a member of the Marine Committee of Congress which sent a communication to Rhode Island's Council of War urging promptness in getting to sea the frigates of the state. Daniel Carroll of Maryland, cousin to Charles Carroll of CarroUton, was appointed president of the Congress in November, 1781, during the iUness of the regular presiding officer. On that and other occasions he had more or less official relations with Rhode Island. In i782-'83, Rhode Island refused to vest congress with power to levy an impost tax of five per cent. Daniel Carroll was on a com mittee to consider Rhode Island's claim in this respect. The distinguished naval officer, John Barry, was in Rhode Island at various times during the Revolution. Barry was a native of County Wexford, Ireland, his boy hood's home standing close by the sea. In 1775, the Con gress gave him command of the Lexington. In 1778, he 74 received the rank of commodore. He defeated the British in various engagements, and received the thanks of Wash ington and of the Congress. In July, 1783, he is noted as departing from Providence on his frigate the Alliance, for Virginia, from whence he proceeded to Europe. Blair McClenachan, another patriot of Irish birth, sub scribed ;^io,000 in aid of the Revolution. He was a leading merchant in Philadelphia, a member of the Hi- bernia Fire company, of that city, and of the Hibernian Society. In a discussion with David Howell of Rhode Island, who was a member of the Continental Congress,. 1782 to 1785, McClenachan warmly praised Rhode Island's course in the impost matter. (See Staples' Rhode Island in the Continental Congress.) McClena chan became a member of the Pennsylvania Assembly, and of the National House of Representatives. He died in 1812. Nathaniel Greene, John Sullivan and Henry Knox, the two latter of Irish parentage, were intimate associates in the camp at Cambridge, Mass. Mrs. Greene, Mrs. Knox and the wives of other officers brightened the camp by their presence. There were many enjoyable social events. A note written at the time reads : " General Greene and lady present their compliments to Colonel Knox and his lady, and should be glad of their company to-morrow at two o'clock." On one occasion, while General Sullivan was in com mand of the Rhode Island department, General Greene wrote him as follows : " By a letter this moment received from Major Cortland, I find I am not to have the pleasure of your company to dine with us to-day. Should be glad to know when you can make it convenient." 75 Gen. Anthony Wayne, whose father was a native of Ireland, was a great friend of Gen. Nathaniel Greene, and was by the latter's bedside when General Greene died in June, 1786. After Greene had passed away, Wayne wrote : " My dear friend. General Greene, is no more. He was great as a soldier, greater as a citizen, immaculate as a friend. Pardon this scrawl; my feelings are too much affected because I have seen a great and good man die." General Wayne was a member of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, Philadelphia, Pa., and of the Hibernian Society of that city. AN INDEX OF PLACES. Albany, N. Y., 69. American Colonies, 5,6. Antrim, Ire., 31. Armagh, Ire., 34. Bahamas, 53. Barbadoes, 5. Barrington, R. I., 13, 31, 39,40. " Bay," The, 4, 5. Belfast, Ire., 33. Bennington, Vt., 69. Berwick, Me., 10. Boston, Mass., 4, 9, 48, 49, 55, 59, 64, 65, 67. Brefney, Ire., 37. Bristol, R. I., 28, 34.43. 51- Bridgewater, Mass., 66. Brookfield, Mass., 63. Brookline, Mass., 6. Cambridge, Mass.,2X, 74. Canada, 20, 29, 36. Carlow, Ire., 33. CarroUton, Md., 73. Cavan, Ire., 37. Ceara, Ire., 37. CentreviUe, R. I., 24. Connacht, Ire., 6. Connecticut, 5, 6, 7, 72. Constitution Island, 42, 50. Cork, Ire., 5, 19, 34, 65. Coventry, R. I., 33, 4°- Cumberland, R. I., 47. Dedham, Mass., 64. Donegal, Ire., 20, 35. Drogheda, Ire., 33. Dublin, Ire., 28, 33, 34. Dunluce, Ire., 37. Dunmanway, Ire., 37. Dunmore, Ire., 37. East Greenwich, R. I., 31, 61, 65, 66, 68, 70. England, 5, 7, 51. Exeter, R. I., 38. Fort Island, 10, 43. Fort Mercer, 23. Fort Recovery, O., 60. Fort Washington, 40. Foster, R. I., i8.- France, 33, 55, 56, 57, 58. Freetown, Mass., 23. Galway, N. Y., 32. GofFstown, N. H., 70. Harlem Heights, 43. Holland, 4. Hopkinton, R. I., 44, 48. Ireland, 6, 17, 19, 20, 21, 28, 31. 32. 33. 34. 3S. 37. 41. 42, 43, 44, SS. 56, 57. 61, 69. 73- Jamaica, 5. Kennebunk, Me., 61. Kent County, R. I., 27. Kentucky, 58. Kildare, Ire., 33. Kilkenny, Ire., 28, 29, 33. Kinsale, Ire., 5, 34. Lee, N. H., 71. Leinster, Ire., 6. Leitrim, Ire., 37. Lexington, Mass., 31. Limerick, Ire., 28, 29, 33, 34, 57. Little Compton, R. I., 68. Londonderry, Ire., 20, 51. Londonderry, N. H., 20, 69. Maryland, 4, s8, 73- 78 Massachusetts, 4. 37, 59, 6o, 6i, 65, 72. Mayo, Ire., 37. Meath, Ire., 33, 37. Morristown, N. J., 72. Mountmellick, Ire., 33. Muddy River, Mass., 6. Munster, Ire., 6. Narragansett Bay, 70. New England, 5, 6, 22. New Hampshire, 46, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72. New Orleans, La., 24. Newport County, R. I., 28. Newport, R. I., 7, 8, 10, 11, 20, 21, 28, 29, 31, 34, 35, 39, 42, 47, 48, 49. 50. SI. S3. SS. S6, S7, S8, 68, 70. New York, S. S^- North Kingstown, R. I , 35, 45. Norwalk, Conn., 6. Norwich, Conn., 10, 11. " O'Larkin's Country," The, 48. Orleans, Isle of, 21. Oswego, N. Y., 49. Paris, France, 55. Pawtucket, R. I., 31. Rawtuxet, R. I., 60, 63, 64, 68. Pennsylvania, 6, 74. Phenix, R. I., 24. Philadelphia, Pa., 9, 10, 48, 54, 73. 74. 75- Plymouth Colony, 4. Plymouth, Mass., 4. Point Judith, R. I., 70. Portsmouth, N. H., 70. Providence, R. I , 7, 8, 9, 10, II, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 27, 29. 33. 34. 3S. 36, 37. 38, 41, 44, 46, 47, 49, 50, 52, S3, 54, 59, 60, 63, 64, 6s, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 72, 74. Quebec, Can., 20, 21, 36. Queen's County, Ire., 33. Raphoe, Ire., 20. Red Bank, 23. Richmond, R. I., 40, 49. Riverpoint, R. I., 22. San Francisco, Cal., 47. Saratoga County, N. Y., 32. Savannah, Ga., 56, 57. Scituate, R. I., 19. Scotia Major, 37. Scotia Minor, 37. Scotland, 37, 69. " Seacunnet," R. I., 33. Sligo, Ire., 37. Strabane, Ire., 73. Swanzey, Mass., 68. Thomastown, Ire., 29. Ticonderoga, 47. Tiverton, R. 1., 23, 27, 42, 65, 68. Ulster, Ire., 6, 6g. Valley Forge, Pa., 65. ¦Virginia, 4, 5. 6, 74. Warren, Mass., 66. Warren, R. I., 13, 31, 32, 33, 39, 40, 42, 68. Warrenstown, Ire., 33. Warwick, R. I., 24, 25, 31, 67, 68. Waterford, Ire., 5, 28, 29, 33, 54. Westchester County, N. Y., 23. West Indies, 4, 5,6. Westmeath, Ire., 57. West Point, N. Y., 46, 54. West Springfield, Mass., 65. Westerly, R. I., 20, 49. Wethersfield, Conn., 72. Wexford, Ire., 5, 73. Weymouth, Mass., 63. Youghal, Ire., 5. Yorktown, 50, 55, 58. AN INDEX OF NAMES. Aborn, 24. Alexander, 43. Allen, 47. Allin, 20, 31. Almy, 56. Amory, 10, 11. Angell, 23, 27, 35, 41, 43, 44, 45. 47. 49. 50. 54- Armstrong, 65. Arnold, 7, 20, 21, 22, 29, 73. Bagley, 13, 49- Baker, 13, 32. Barns, 13, 33. Barr, 13, 45, 61. Barrett, 8, 13, 50, 61. Barritt, 13, 20. Barrey, 61 . Barry, 10, 13, 45, -Ji. Bayley, 64. Beamish, 3. Bennett, 13, 26, 30, 43, 61. Berkeley, 29. Bicknell, 13. Bishop, 13, 17, 28. Black, 9, 13, 44. Blake, 18, 61, 71. Blanchard, 58. Boone, 38. Bourk, 8. Bourke, 56. Bowen, 18. Boyd, 13.31. 52. 71- Boyle, 61. Bradford, 4. Brady, 72. Brendan, 3. Brown, 41, 61, 63. Bruodin, 5. Bryan, 13, 42. Buckley, 13, 51, 72. Burk, 13, 28, 29, 38, 52, 62, 63. Burke, 13, 30, 39, 54, 73. Burn, 13, 22. Burns, 13, 22, 35, 43, 49, 50, S3, 61, 62. Butler, 10, 13, 47, 50, 72. Byrn, 8. Byrne, 22. Cain, 13, 49, 52. Cane, 13, 62. Capron, 13, 44. Carey, 13, 27, 41, 72. Carr, 18, 27, 39. Carrell, 13, 20. Carroll, 8, 13, 27, 73. Carthy, 45. Carty, 7. Cary, 7, 13, 14, 40, 49, 62. Casady, 62. Casey, 6, 7, 14, 17, 31, 44, 47, 62, 64. Cassady, 64. Casside, 7. Cassidy, 7. Caton, 14, 49. Cavan, 14, 50. Cavenaugh, 8. Chapman, 72. Church, 28, 44. Chastellux, 11. Clark, 38. Clarke, 14, 30, 47. 8o Cochran, 62, 71. Cook, 62. Cooke, 10, II, 67. Cole, 30, 32, 37. Collins, s. 50. Columbus, 3. Condon, 5. Conery, 62. Conley, 14, 27. Conner, 7, 14, 20, 45, 62, 64. Connolly, 62, 64. Connor, 14, 52, 62, 64. Conway, 14, 17, 22, 30, 62. Cooney, 14, 47. Corcoran, 14. Cornell, 42, 53. Cortland, 74. Coursey, 7. Cowell, 13. Cowen, 14, 27, 36, 62, 64, 71. Crane, 65. Crary, 27, 30, 36, 41, 42, 43, 44. 46, 47- Creed, 14, 46. Cromwell, S, 33- Crou, 14, 28, 29. Crowley, 62. CuUen, 5. Cummings, 18. Cummins, 52. Currey, 52. Curry, 62, 71. Gushing, 60. Custis, 7. Dailey, 7, 14, I7- Daily, 14, 30, 47, 62. Daley, 14, 62. Darcy, 57. Davis, 29, 65. Dawley, 26, 38. Day, 14, 51, 72. Dearborn, 71. DeLancey, 23. Delaney, 7, 10. Dempsey, 7. Dermott, 8. DeRoo, 3. Deux Ponts, 11. Devett, 7. Dexter, 30, 39, 42. Dillon, 33, 55, 56, 57. 58- Doharty, 35. Doherty, 14, 17, 35, 45. 5°- Donal, 14, 22. Donnagan, 62, 65. Donnelly, 8, 14, 45. Donohoe, 8. Donop, 22. Donovan, 8, 14, 17. Doolinty, 14, 28, 29. Dorothy, 45. Dorrance, 14, 17, 18, 19. Dougherty, 14, 20. Dowd, 14, 43, 52, 62. Downing, 71. Doyle, 7, 14. 17. 45. 52, 53. 72. Doyne, 37. Drake, 10. Dring, 7, 18. DriscoU, 22. Driskel, 14, 41. DriskiU, 14, 22, 30, 34, 42, 49, 52, 62, 65. Driskle, 50. Dudingston, 9. Dun, 37. Dunn, 7, 14, 37, 62. Dunne, 37. Dunphy, 8, 14, 45. Duyer, 45. Dwyer, 8, 14, 45. 52. Dyer, 22. Eagan, 14, 17. Edwards, 19. Egan, 8. EUiott, 22, 27, 30, 41, 44, 45. Ennis, 14, 27. FarreU, 7. Fay, 62, 72. Fee, 45. Fellows, 64. 8i Fells, 4. Felt, ;. Fenner, 40. Field, 4, 13, 29, 52. Fitton, 54. Fittsgereld, 66. Fitz Gerald, 56, 62, 66. Fitzgerald, 8, 14, 17, 35, 41, 42, 47- Fitzgerold, 66. Fitzgerrald, 14, 42. Fitzgerrl, 62. Fitzjerld, 66. Fitz Jerrell, 66. Fitzjerrill, 66. Fitzpatrick, 8, 49. Flannagan, 14, 17, 47. Fling, 72. Flynn, 8, 72. Flood, 62, 68. Ford, 18, 52, 62. Forde, 14, 43. Foster, 14, 17, 33, 54. Fox, 18. Foy, 14, 44. Franklin, 7. Frazer, 46. Gaffery, 14, 47. Gallagher, 7. Galligher, 14, 41. GaUoway, 7. Garey, 14, 20. Garven, 70. Geoghegan, 57, 58. Gibbon, 49. Gibbons, 14. Gill, 65. Gilligan, 62, 66. Gillpatrick, 61, 62. Gilmore, 70, 72. Gilpatrick, 49, 61, 62. Ginness, 62. Gleason, 62, 71. Gleeson, 14, 26. Glover, 45, 46. Gowen, 68. Gorman, 8. Green, 26, 53. Greene, 22, 23, 24, 25, 30, 31, 35. 37. 38, 39. 42. 44. 5°. 67. 74. 75- Griffen, 14, 42. Griffin, 14, 26, 42, 50. Griffis, 3. Guild, 19. Hackett, 14, 17, 46, 47, 70. Hackmet, 14. Hagerty, 14, 17, 20, 21. Hale, 71. Haley, 68. Halley, 18. Hammond, 64. Hand, 10. Haney, 14, 50. Hanley, 8, 14, 26, 49, 50. Hannington, 14, 20, 36. Hany, 49. Harrington, 14, 15, 36, 38, 40. Hart, IS, 30, 50. Hartagan, 8. Harvey, 18, 45. Hatch, 65. Hawes, 64. Hayden, 15, 20, 21, 27, 29, 47. Hayes, 15, 34, 50. Healey, 17, 29, 47. Healy, 15, 29. Hearn, 8. Heath, 65. Heffernan, 7, 52. Heitman, 23. Hendly, 15, 26, 34. Hendricken, 29. Henley, 50, 60. Herrick, 15, 26. Herrington, 38. Hervey, 15. Hickey, 8, 15, 20, 41. Hicks, 15, 36. Higgarty, 20. 82 Higgins, 7, 73. Hines, 18. Hinman, 37. Hitchcock, 29, 30, 43. Hodgkins, 46. Hogan, 15, 17, 28, -50. Hogen, 15, 45. Holden, 31. Hoppin, 22, 27, 30, 44. Hopkins, 52. Hotten, 4. Howard, 66. Howell, 44, 74. Hoxsie, 37. Hughes, IS, 17, 22, 23, 24, 25, 35- Humphries, 27. Humphry, 40. Hurley, 7. Huzzey, 15, 17, 34. Irvine, 10. Jackson, 15, 27, 29, 41, 48, 51, 60, 63, 64. Jenckes, 73. Johnson, 52, 71, 72. Johnston, 43. Jordan, 18, 62, 65. Joyce, 3, 7, 15, 41, 46. Kaine, 52. Keef, 62. Keene, 25. Keeney, 72. Keley, 62. Kelley, 15, 31, 32, 34, 40,42, 62, 68, 71. Kelly, 7, 15, 17, 25, 26, 31, 32, 40, 47, 49, 50, 51, 54, 62, 70, 71. Kenady, 15, 36. Kenedy, 62, 72. Keney, 62. Kennady, 15, 36. Kennedy, 15, 45, 47, 52, 53, 62. Kennelly, 62. Kenney, 63, 65, 71. Kenny, 62, 65. Killey, 15, 32, 34, 42, 52. Kilmurray, 37. Kimball, 44. Kinady, 36. King, 15, 18, 34. Kirby, 15, 50. Knox, 9, 10, II, 15, 27, 62, 74. Lacy, 58. Lafayette, 45. Lally, 57. Lanahan, 8. Lane, 62, 71. Langdon, 70. Larkin, 6, 7, 15, 17, 26, 46, 48, 52, 62. Lary, 8, 71. Latimer, 10. Laval, II. Lawless, 7, 15, 30, 41, 47. Leader, 5. Lee, 7, 18, 52. Lemasny, 15. Lewis, 30. Lingard, 6. Linihan, 62. Linniken, 7. Lippincott, 3. Lippitt, 22, 24, 25, 27, 30, 40, 47- Long, 7, 15, 26, 27, 62. Lowery, 15, 44- Lovell, 65. Lunt, 60. Lynch, 55. Lyon, 7, 15, 22, 60, 63. Macarte, 7. Macdonnall, 56. Mack, 72. Mackay, 15, 51. Mackey, 7, 54. Mackenzie, 69. Mackown, 7. Macoone, 7. 83 MacCarthy, 57. MacCogan, 37. MacDonnell, 37. MacHugh, 37. MacMahon, 58. MacMallon, 32. MacManus, 37. MacMiUen, 16, 32, 47. MacMuUen, 8, 32, 63. MacMurray, 37. MacSparran, 69. McAfferty, 15, 50, 51. McBride, 15, 63, 71. . McCaffray, 15, 36. McCaU, 15, 50. McCane, 7. McCartee, 15. McCartel, 15, 36. McCarthy, 7, 15, 17, 22, 45. McCarty, 16, 45, 46, 58, 63, 71. McCavney, 16. McClary, 71. McClenachan, 74. McCloud, 15, 30. McClure, 71, 72. McCormick, 63. McCoy, 16, 22, 30, 37, 45, 47, 52, 63, 71. McCowan, 16, 36. McCurtin, 63. McDermit, 63. McDermot, 16, 17. McDermott, 56. McDonald, 8, 16, 43. McDonnell, 22. McDonnold, 16, 50. McDonold, 52. McDonough, 56. McElroy, 63. McGee, 15, 7i- McGlaughlin, 63. McGonegal, 7. McGowan, 16, 43. McGrath, 8, 16, 17, 51. McGuire, 56. McKean, 10. McKown, 16, 46. McLarey, 63. McLaughlin, 16, 36. McLouth, 16, 30, 44, 63. McMickel, 63. McMiUan, 32, 71. McMiUion, 16, 32, 47. McMilon, 16, 32. McMullan, 16, 36. McMurphy, 70. McNamara, 16, 17, 36. McNeal, 63. M'Case, 16, 42. M'Clanen, 16, 43. Madden, 15, 35, 54, 63. Magee, 8, 52. Magennis, 56. Maguire, 8. Mahan, 63. Mahoney, 8. Mahony, 15, 35, 36. Malavery, 7. Mallon, 63. Malone, 15, 51. Maloney, 15, 17, 50, 72. Manning, 15, 27, 49. Martin, 7, 15, 27,47, 52- Mattison, 40. Mawney, 8. Mead, 52. Mease, 73. Melally, S3- Melona, 72. Meloney, 16. Melony, 50, 63. Miles, 72. Miller, 16, 17, 33, 35. Millerd, 43. MitcheU, 7, 16, 30, 49, 50, 71. MoUoy, 68. Monks, 16, 17, 35. Montgomery, 20. Montlezun, 55. Moran, 16, 39. 84 Mooney, 70, 71. Moore, 27, 31, 41, 50, 52, 63, 70, 71. Morrigan, 16. Morris, 16, 30, 39, 45, 47. Morrison, 16, 35, 72. Mountjoy, 7. Moylan, 10. Mulholland, 7. Mullally, 53. Mullen, 8, 16, 17, 45. Mullens, 56, 57. Mulligan, 16, 17, 20, 51. MuUins, 57. Mumford, 57. Murfee, 16, 22, 30, 47. Murfey, 16, 44. Murfy, 44. Murphy, 6, 7, 8, 16, 17, 26, 51. Murray, 7, 8, 16, 30, 37, 44. Murrey, 44. Nagel, 43. Nagle, 16, 43, 44. Neal, 68, 71. Nichols, 69, 71. Nightingale, 37. Nixon, 10. Noonen, 16. Norton, 16, 30. Nunn, 19. Obrian, 16, 39. Obryan, 60, 63. Olcott, 72. Olney, 23, 30, 35, 38, 43, 44, 49, 50, 51. Ormsbee, 32. Otway, 3. O'Brian, 16, 39, 40, 60, 63. O'Briant, 16, 33. O'Brien, 8, 16, 17, 32, 33, 39, 40, 57. 58. O'Brient, 33, 40. O'Bryan, 16, 40, 60, 72. O'Bryant, 60, 63. O'Byrne, 33. O'Callaghan, 55, 56. O'Carroll, 37, 56. O'Conner, 68. O'Connor, 56. O'Daniel, 16, 29. O'Daniels, 60, 63. O'Donnell, 22. O'Donoghue, 3. O'Dougherty, 33. O'Dunn, 37. O'Farrell, 57. O'Fay, 37. O'Flannagan, 56. O'Harra, 7, 16, 39. O'Hart, 33. O'Hurley, 56. O'Kelley, 16, 32. O'Kelly, 17, 56. O'Larkin, 48. O'.Mahoney, 56. O'Moran, 57, 58. O'Muireadhaigh, 37. O'Murray, 37. O'Neal, 16, 17, 50. O'NeU, 8, 56. O'NeiU, 56. O'Reilly, 37. O'Rourke, 37. O'SuUivan, 10, 56. Parker, 16, 17, 28, 39, 41. Patrick, 4, 16, 49. Patton, 10. Peabody, 71. Peck, 30. Pendleton, 42. Phelan, 60, 63. Phelon, 7, 46, 60, 63. Pierce, 46, 65. Pigot, 32. Pike, 64. Pomeroy, 72. Poor, 64. Powers, 16, 26, 50. Pray, 61. Prendergast, 5. 8s Quigley, 72. Ragen, 16, 49. Raney, 72. Rany, 27. Ray, 16, 27, 52. Read, 16, 47, 51. Ready, 16, 51. Reed, 72. ReiUy, 56. Reily, 17, 47, 54. Reynolds, 16, 27, 71, 73. Richmond, 27, 36. Riley, 17, 41, 72. Roatch, 6, 8, 52. Robertson, 7. Robinson, 10. Rochambeau, 11, 56, 57. Rohan, 8. Rogers, 64. Ross, 17, 46. Rourk, 7. Ryan, 8, 20. Ryand, 20. Ryley, 52. Sarsfield, 58. Sayles, 38, 44. Scammon, 61. Schirmer, 3. Scott, 71. S^gur, 55. Sellick, 5. Sessions, 8, 20, 21, 68. Shay, 7. Shean, 61, 63. Shee, 56. Sheehan, 8. Sheldon, 38. Sheppard, 64. Sherburn, 27, 44. Sheridan, 56. Shield, 49. Shields, 17. Sibsie, 4. Smith, 17, 39, 41, 43, 44, 65, 66. Sprague, 36, 41. Spencer, 67. Stack, 56. Staples, 74. Stark, 69, 70. Stafford, 49. St. Clair, 60. Sterling, 8, 9, 17, 19, 20. Stevens, 65. Stewart, 10, 18, 27. Stone, 51, 55, 57, 58. Strange, 18, 52. Stuart, 33. SuUivan, 7, 9, 10, 11, 17, 21, 22, n, 43. 45. 46, 5°. 59. 61, 63, 67, 68, 69, 71, 74. Sweeney, 52. Taaffe, 56. Tally, 8. Tate, 71. Taylor, 54. Thayer, 20, 21, 29, 36, 64. Thebaud, 5. Thompson, 10. Throope, 44. Topham, 20, 27, 28, 38, 42, 44, 47- Tracy, 6, 17, 20, 21, 45. Tuley, 17, 49- Tyler, 65, 72. Varnum, 46, 53. Vaughan, 18. Vernon, 5. Viomesnil, 56. Vose, 60, 64, 65. Wade, 61. Wall, 17, 27. Walpole, 5. Walsh, 55. Wanton, 8, 12. Ward, 20. Warren, 33. Washington, 7, 9, 10, 20, 57, 67, 68,75. Watson, 17, 35. 86 Wayne, lo. Webb, 3, 72. Welch, 6, 17, 20, 37, 51, 52, 61, 71- Welsh, 26. West, 40. Whalen, 17, 51. Whelan, 25, 58. Whelen, 7. Whellon, 17, 51. Whelon, 51. Whipple, 30, 43. Wiggles worth, 66. Williams, 5. Wilson, 17, 28. Winthrop, 4. Woodbury, 65. Wright, 17, 33, 50. PAPERS BY THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY, RELATING TO RHODE ISLAND. Reminiscences of Life along Narragansett's Shores (Providence, R. I., 1890). Rambles in Rhode Island's South County (Provi dence, 1 891). Some Early Irish Members of the Society of Friends in Rhode Island (Providence, 1 894) . The Dorrance Purchase — A Leaf from Rhode Island History (Boston, Mass., 1895). The Irish Chapter in the History of Brown Uni versity (Providence, 1896). The Irish Soldiers in King Philip's War — Including Reference to the " Great Swamp" Fight (New York city, 1896). Five Colonial Rhode Islanders (Providence, 1897). Early Irish Schoolmasters in Rhode Island (Washington, D. C, 1898). Rev. James MacSparran, Irishman, Scholar, Preacher, and PhUosopher, 1680-1757 (Boston, 1900). [Over] 88 Matthew Watson, An Irish Settler of Barring ton, R. I., 1722 (Boston, 1900). The Romance of Sarah Alexander — Mother of Commodore O. H. Perry (New York city, 1901). Charles MacCarthy, A Rhode Island Pioneer, 1677 (Somerset, O., 1901). Thomas Casey of Ireland and Rhode Island, 1636-1719 (Boston, igoi). Gen. John Sullivan, and the Battle of Rhode Island (Providence, 1902). OTHER PAPERS BY MR. MURRAY. The Libraries of Boston : Public, Semi-public, and Private (Boston, Mass., 1882). The Old Schoolmasters of Boston (Boston, 1884). The Mason Name in New England History (Boston, 1884). The Thayers in America (Boston, 1884). A Nation's Individuality (Boston, 1888). The Irish Element in the State of Connecticut (Boston, 1888). From Dawn to Revolution (Boston, 1889). Thirty Historic American Families (Boston, 1889). 89 Concerning the McGuinness, McGinnis, Name (Providence, R. I., 1895). The Dunlevy Family in Irish History, Mention of the Clan's Patrimony in Old Ulidia (Lawrence, Mass., 1895). David O'KiUia [O'Kelly], The Irishman; A Pioneer Settler at Yarmouth, Mass., as Early as 1657 (Boston, 1895). The Dempsey Name, Old and Puissant (Den ver, CoL, 1896). The Irish Morrisons ; Eminent in Ancient Mediaeval, and Modern Times. A Glance at the Origin of the Clan Name, Together with Refer ence to the Family's Patrimony in the Ancient Kingdom of Connacht (Lawrence, Mass., 1896). The First Regiment, Pennsylvania Line (Phila delphia, 1896). Some Patricks of the Revolution (New York city, i896-'97). No Entangling Alliance with England (Albany, N. Y., 1898). The Objections to an Anglo-American Alliance (Boston, 1898). Some Facts Concerning the Irish Washingtons (Boston, 1898). The French Chapter in American History (Bos ton, 1899). 90 The Irish at Bunker Hill, 1775 (Boston, 1900). The Moss Gatherers of Scituate, Mass (New York city, 1900). Paul Revere vs. The King (Boston, 1901). A Point Made Clear — The Brecks of Dorches ter, Mass. (Boston, 1901). Irish Settlers, Previous to 1742, in Portsmouth, N. H. (Boston, 1901). Early Irish in the Plymouth Colony (Boston, 1901). The Story of Miss Fitzgerald (Boston, 1901). The Voyage of the Seaflower — from Ireland to Boston — 1741 (Boston, 1902). A Glance at the Vanguard — Irish Pioneers in Colonial Massachusetts (Boston, 1902). Hugh Gaine, Irishman, New York Publisher, 1752-1809 (Boston, 1902). Richard Dexter, A Forgotten Irish Pioneer of Boston, 1641 (New York city, 1902). The American not an "Anglo-Saxon" People (Boston, 1902). Early Irish Educators of American Youth (San Francisco, Cal., 1902). The Nationality of Michael Bacon, a Pioneer of Dedham, Mass. (Dedham, 1902). 3 9002 00866 8387 ¦jv^f;^ IV 4 * » * r 4t> » V ^/ i>i I