YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Onondaga's Centennial. GLEANINGS OF A CENTURY. EDITED BY DWIGHT H. BRUCE. Volume THE BOSTON HISTORY COMPANY, PUBLISHERS. 1896. CONTENTS-VOL. II. CHAPTER XLIII. THE TOWN OF SALINA __ ..933-961 CHAPTER XLIV. THE TOWN OF LAFAYETTE ...961-977 CHAPTER XLV. THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES 977-1015 CHAPTER XLVI. THE TOWN OF DEWITT 1015-1037 CHAPTER XLVII. THE TOWN OFGEDDES ... 1037-1048 CHAPTER XLVIII. THE ONONDAGA INDIANS AND THEIR RESERVATION 1049-1069 CHAPTER XLIX. GENERAL SUMMARY 1070-1113 PART II-BIOGRAPHICAL. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES _ ?7 1-223 iv CONTENTS. PART III-FAMILY SKETCHES. FAMILY SKETCHES 1-493 INDEXES. PARTI _ 495-530 PART II 530-531 PART III 531-544 PORTRAITS 545-546 ILLUSTRATIONS AND MAPS : 546 PORTRAITS-VOL. II. Abell, Flavel L facing 111, Part I Allen, Alexander H... facing 164, Parti Andrews, Charles 179, Part I Andrews, John Y .facing 69, Part I Baldwin, C. B 203, Part I Barnes, George 84, Part I Beauchamp, Howard C. 202, Part I Bibbens, Clarence H ..207, Part I Bingham, Augustus W. .facing 61, Parti Brand, William F 211, Parti Burdick, Edward H. ..facing 154, Part I Burdick, Hamilton facing 138,, Part I Burhans, Henry N facing 30, Part I Burns, Peter 132, Parti Campbell, Alexander J., Dr facing 158, Part I Clark Elizur 90, Part I Clark, S. E facing 971, Part Collin, David .329, Part II Comstock, George F 176, Parti Cook, Ele facing 144, Part I Cotton, George G facing 56, Part I Davis, Richard R 210, Part I Denton, L... 358, Part II Donohue, Florince O 55, Part I Duncan, William A. ...facing 213, Part I Edwards, Hiram K 338, Part II Gaynor, John F 466, Part III Gere, Robert 169, Part II Gifford, Henry 74, Part II Goodelle, William P. facing 134, Part II Graves, Maurice A facing 32, Part II Graves, Nathan F 60, Part II Hall, Nathan K 1005, Parti Hall, Will T 205, Part II Hanchett, Reuben C. , Dr ,___ facing 26, Part II Hiscock, Frank 141, Pari II Hiscock, Frank H 188, Part II House, Rufus .368, Part III Howlett, Alfred A 63, Part II Hoyt, Ezekiel B facing 1012, Part I Jenkins, Arthur. 196, Part II Jewett, Freeborn G 173, Part II Judson, E. B 53, Part II Kennedy, George N. ..facing 183, Part II Kirkpatrick, William, Dr 143, Part II Knapp, H. J 469, Part III Kyne, John L ..204, Part II Leavenworth, Elias W .112, Part II Legg. John. facing 991, Parti Leslie, E. Norman facing 979, Part I Longstreet, Cornelius T 109, Part II Loomis, Henry H facing 130, Part II CONTENTS. Mabee, Ambrose S 332, Part III McClary, C. E., Dr. ...facing 24, Part II McEvers, William F... facing 160, Part II McLennan, Peter B 186, Part II Mclntyre, Calvin facing 94, Part II Mclntyre, Edward M. ..facing 96, Part II Magee, Charles M., Dr. .facing 73, Part II Maine, F. L._. 206, Part II Markell, Peter V .facing 153, Part II Marlow, Frank W., Dr. .facing 29, Part II Marsellus, John.. facing 64, Part II Marvin, William facing 987, Part I May, Samuel J., Rev 7, Part II Moore, John J., Dr facing 33, Part II Morgan, Le Roy . 177, Part II Moseley, Daniel 172, Part II Munro, David Allen, jr. .facing36, Part II Nash, John F 199, Part II Nichols, Charles facing 1016, Parti Nims, Horace, Dr.. 481, Part III Northrup, Milton H 194, Part II Noxon, James 181, Part II Peck, John J., Gen 107, Part II Peck, M. L 346, Part III Pierce, William K facing 17, Part II Potter, J. Densmore, Dr _ .- facing 167, Part II Pratt, Daniel 175, Part II Raynor, George facing 216, Part II Redfield, Lewis H. . _ 189, Part II Roe, C. A ..209, Part II Ruger, William C 182, Part II Sampson, Ernest S facing 62, Part II Sawmiller, Ignatius facing 34, Part II Saxer, Leonard A. , D. . .facing 27, Part II Sherman, Isaac N. . ..facing 163, Part II Slocum, Henry W., Gen 99, Part II Smith, Carroll E ..192, Part II Sniper, Gustavus 47, Part II Stacey, Alfred E facing 67, Part II Stephenson, J. S. .201, Part II Sullivan, Napoleon B. , Dr. facing 51, Part II Sumner, Edwin V.. Gen, .facing 1, Part II Sweet, John E facing 85, Part II Thayer, Joel facing 1005, Part I Thorne, Chauncey B. . . facing 42, Part II Totman, David M., Dr. .facing 54, Part II Vann, Irving G 185, Part II Wallace, William J 180, Part II Weeks, Forest G facing 128, Part II Wells, Samuel J 350, Part III White, Hamilton 125, Part II White, Horace 121, Part II White, Howard G .197, Part II Wilcox, Asel F. .. 335, Part III Wood, Daniel P.. 119, Part II ILLUSTRATIONS AND MAPS-VOL. II- Alvord Building, the old, in Syracuse. 939 Aunt Dinah, portrait of 1068 Captain George, portrait of . . 1065 La Forte, Daniel T. ...... 1058 Map of Onondaga Reservation ..facing 1049 Sacrifice of the White Dog 1062 Webster, Thomas, portrait of 1060 Onondaga's Centennial. CHAPTER XLIII. THE TOWN OF SALINA. This town, organized March 27, 1809, in its relation to the Military Tract, contained only nine and one-half lots of the tract, taken from the northwest corner of Manlius. They were numbers 1, drawn by Col. Goose Van Schaick; 2, by Joseph Travis; 3, by James Williamson; 4, by Simon Peterson ; 8, by Isi'ael Harriott ; 17, by Christopher Youngs; 18, reserved for gospel and schools; 19, by Col. John Lamb; 27 (in part), by Capt. Benjamin Pelton ; 28, by Nicholas Van de Bogart. In the year 1797, when the State took formal control of the salt springs, the surveyor-general was authorized by a law to lay out a por tion of the Salt Reservation, to provide for the manufacture of salt. Accordingly a part of the marsh lands and the uplands were laid out and mapped and given the name, Salina. In 1798 a village was laid out and called also Salina; and upon the organization of the town, that, too, took the same name. When the county was organized in 1794, the territory which went to form the original Salina town was compre hended in the original townships of Manlius and Marcellus, and after, the town of Onondaga was set off in 1798, and the military township of Marcellus was organized as a civil town (co incident with the county organization), that part of the Salt Reservation not taken into Onon daga and lying on the west side of the lake and creek, was attached to Camillus. For the formation of Salina town, the nine and one-half lots in the northeast corner of Manlius were taken and with the Salt Reservation, formed this town. With the incorporation of the city of Syracuse in 1848, Salina was reduced to its present area by setting off what had been the villages of Geddes and Syracuse, 934 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. The act under which the village of Salina was laid out contains the following: Be it enacted, that the superintendent shall, on the grounds adjoining to the south east side of Free street, so named on the map of the Salt Springs, made by the Sur veyor-General, lay out a square for the village, consisting of sixteen blocks, each six chains square, with intermediate streets, conforming to the streets laid down on the said map, made by the Surveyor-General, and divide each lot into four house lots, and deliver a map and description thereof to the Surveyor-General. The act further provided that no lot should be sold for a less sum than $40, and that no lot on which there was a building worth $50 should be liable to be sold, if the owner or occupant should agree to obtain a deed for it, at the average price of other lots sold. Thus was laid the foundation of what is now the city of Syracuse. Almost simultaneously with the settlement of Major Danforth and Comfort Tyler in the Hollow, the first settlers established their rude houses near the salt springs. The first houses were not only primitive ; they were peculiar. The sills were laid on four posts which were set up with plates on the top. The posts were grooved on the sides facing each other and into these grooves were dropped the ends of sticks laid horizontally one upon the other, forming the rough sides of the building. The outside was then plastered with clay or mud inter mixed with straw, making a comfortable, if a queer looking dwelling. During the year 1789, and possibly in one or two instances in 1788, Nathaniel Loomis, Hezekiah Olcott, Asa Danforth, jr., John Danforth (brother of the major), Thomas Gaston, and a Deacon Loomis settled at Salina, made their homes, and most of them became prominently iden tified with the salt industry. Mr. Olcott became a member of the Fed eral Company, organized only a few years later for the manufacture of salt on a large scale. In 1790 Col. Jeremiah Gould, with his three sons, Jeremiah, James, and Phares, and one daughter, removed from Westmoreland to Salina. This family became prominent in the com munity, and the pioneer has the credit of building the first frame house at Salina in 1792, which was also the first one built in the county. In 1791 Samuel Jerome left his home in Saratoga county, visited the salt springs, and on his return took a little salt with him through the towns of Pompey, Fabius, Homer, and Manlius; reporting to eager list eners that he had found the " promised land." This was the means of inducing other families to settle at Salina. Among these were a family named Woodworth, and another named Sturges, the first names of whom were lost in the scattered records of the village in early times. THE TOWN OF SALINA. 935 On the 2d of March, 1792, Isaac Van Vleck removed to Salina from Kinderhook, N.Y. , with his wife and four children. His was the sixth family to become permanent residents of the place. Mr. Van Vleck is credited with building the first arch for a kettle for salt boiling. He was prominent in the little settlement until his death which took place about 1800. His son, Abraham, was born at Salina October 16, 1792, 1 and is believed to have been the first white child born within the present limits of Syracuse, and the first white male child born in Onondaga county. He was born in what was afterwards known as the Schouten house, which was used later for a blacksmith shop, corner of Exchange and Free streets. Isaac Van Vleck's family consisted of three sons, named Matthew, Abraham, and Henry, and three daugh ters. Henry Van Vleck removed to Illinois and died there; Matthew became a prominent citizen and a large land owner; he held the office of supervisor many years and was a member of assembly in 1833. He was killed while on a hand car in a collision on the Oswego and Syra cuse Railroad. After Isaac Van Vleck's death his wife removed to Pittstown, Rensselaer county, where Abraham learned his trade of tan ner and currier. After following it some years he returned to Salina in 1834 with his family and lived there until his death in 1867. James Van Vleck, of Salina, and Isaac,, of Clay, were sons of Abraham. The late Mrs. O'Blennis, of Salina, was a daughter of the pioneer Isaac Van Vleck. She lived to a great age and was authority for many valuable historical facts. She stated that in 1792 there were in Salina, besides those above mentioned, Josiah Olcott and James Peat. Sometime in the year 1792 Phares Gould built what was known as a mud house. It was constructed by laying up one upon another narrow strips of boards flatwise on the four sides, lapping the ends at the cor ners, and filling between the boards with clay. The roof was made of rough planks split from logs. By the close of the year 1792 there had been built eight or nine dwellings, two of which were of mud (so- called), one frame (Jeremiah Gould's) and the others of logs. Three of these houses stood on what is now Salina street (called in early times Canal street) and as many more on Free street near Carbon, as those streets now appear. No sales of land had yet been made and settlers erected their houses wherever their fancy dictated. i About the time of Mr. Van Vleck's birth an Indian was accidentally drowned at Oswego Falls, and the grief of the dead native's friends bore so heavily upon them that they named Abraham " Ne^un-hoo-tah," meaning sorrow for the departed. He was always called thus by the Indians, whose friendship for him was lasting and unwavering. 936 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. If we leave out of consideration the marsh lots near the lake, the surroundings of which were unwholesome, no fairer spot could be found on which to found a village than the rising uplands of Salina. This rounded, rising lake shore was covered with original forest or with a heavy second growth, from among the shore line shadows of which could be seen the placid lake and the distant wood crowned hill sides, now covered with the dwellings and shops of Geddes. The lake and nearby streams were filled with fish for the table, first among which was the noble salmon, and the forests abounded with game of various kinds. It was fortunate for the pioneers that such was the fact, for provisions in the early years were scarce and difficult to obtain. Such as could be procured came from Tioga, or Herkimer, or Whitestown, and were brought only in small quantities and at irregular intervals. Suffering for necessary articles of diet was not unknown. On several occasions in 1792-3, when there was a scarcity of provisions, boats were sent from Salt Point to Kingston, Canada, by way of Oswego, and re turned with welcome stores. According to Clark, an old resident stated that "they at different times procured bread, biscuits, salted meat, and fish that were made and cured in England, which, though of inferior quality, were nevertheless accepted with a relish which hunger never fails to give. " There was no grist mill nearer than Asa Dan- forth's small affair, on Butternut Creek, and the first corn raised or brought to Salina was pounded into meal in the hollowed top of a stump. But the scarcity of provisions continued only a few years. Deer were then so numerous that they often herded with cows and came home with them at night. Bears, wolves, foxes, coons, and other small animals were also very plentiful. The Indians caught many young bears and traded them to the settlers, who in turn exchanged them with the boatman for provisions. Prominent among the very early boatmen was a man known as Captain Canute, who ran a boat hither from Albany, bringing in provisions, etc., in exchange for salt, furs, young bears and other animals, for which he found a ready market to the eastward. During the year 1793 a number of families joined their fortunes with the little community at Salt Point. Thomas Orman came and brought the first caldron kettle in which to boil salt, and Aaron Bellows a good cooper, was a welcome accession, as he was able to supply the needed barrels for packing the staple product, Simon Phares (followed THE TOWN OF SALINA. 937 in 1796 by Andrew Phares) and William Gilchrist also settled there in that year. The latter has been given credit for having kept the first public house; but it is certain that Elam Schouton kept a tavern earlier (1791-2) and was succeeded by Isaac Van Vleck in 1793. Andrew Phares was justice of the peace from 1808 to 1821, and held office in the militia. He, with his wife and daughter Lois, then one year old, made a journey to New Brunswick, N. J., on horseback in the year 1812, when there was no wagon road over much of the distance. Sometime in the year 1793, Isaac Van Vleck rendered the little set tlement a great service by journeying to Albany and returning with a large grinding mill, which he set up in Mr. Bellows's cooper shop, and thither the settlers brought their corn to be ground. In the same year John Danforth, a brother of Asa, built the second frame house in the the place, and at about the same time Isaac Van Vleck and Asa Dan forth, jr., built better dwellings for themselves. The lumber for these structures was brought, in part at least, from Little Falls in bateaux, and the nails came from Albany. At the close of 1793 there were only sixty-three persons in the community and of these more than twenty were ill. The first settlers discovered at once that they had located amid unwholesome surroundings. The decaying vegetation of the marshes which were alternately overflowed and then left to give out their deadly vapors, and perhaps other conditions not so well under stood, caused an alarming prevalence of fevers of the various types, and the resultant sickness and mortality was frightful. At times there were not enough well persons in the community to properly care for the sick. Under these circumstances the Indians were exceedingly kind and lightened the burdens of many families. Dr. David Holbrook, who had settled at Jamesville, probably as the first resident physician in the county, came over daily and was faithful in attendance upon the afflicted. In 1797 Dr. Burnett settled at Salina and thereafter shared in caring for the sick. The question has been seriously asked whether Salina would not have been depopulated from this cause before the be ginning of the century, had it not been for the stimulating incentive of the probable future importance of the place as a wealth -creating center through the salt industry. By about the year 1800 the prevailing fevers were much reduced by drainage of the low lands, but they were not wholly dispelled until the later lowering of the outlet of the lake. Hon. Thomas G. Alvord states that as late as 1830 he has seen the 118 938 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. canal bridge covered with persons just well enough to get out of doors, leaning on the railings to get the benefit of the sunshine. One of the first settlers at Green Point was Mr. Lamb, who carried on farming. Mrs. O'Blennis related the following interesting incident in connection with this family : In 1793, when Mr. Lamb's daughter was labout fourteen years old, she was left alone in the rude house while he attended to his farm work. Hearing a noise in the house, Mr. Lamb approached and saw an Indian kissing his daughter and taking liberties with her. Mr. Lamb killed the Indian on the spot and fled to Salina. The Indians declared they must have his life, according to their custom. The chiefs were called together, with Ephraim Webster as interpreter, and the facts were nar rated. A council was held (the last one at Salina) and Kiacdote stepped forward, threw off his blanket and commanded attention. He then related the circumstances to the tribe and said it was the first time an Indian had ever been known to insult a white squaw. He declared that the killing was justifiable and that Mr. Lamb must not be punished. This decision was adopted, provided Mr. Lamb would pay to the relatives of the dead Indian, a three-year-old heifer, which was to cement peace and good will between the posterity of both parties forever. Meanwhile settlement began to reach out to other points in the town. John Danforth began making salt in 1794 at Liverpool, and was soon followed by Patrick Riley, Joseph Gordon, James Armstrong, and Charles Morgan. John O'Blennis located at Green Point and was making salt there in 1794. In the same year Elisha Alvord, father of Thomas G. Alvord,1 settled at Salina, whither he was followed four years later by his brother, Dioclesian. Both of these men became prominent citizens and foremost in developing the infant salt industry. Immediately upon the arrival of Elisha Alvord at Salina he began to make his presence felt. He engaged in salt manufacturing and had the honor of erecting the first permanent structure under which salt was made. In 1808 he was appointed to lay out what was known as the "Salt Road, "extending from Salina north through Cicero and on to Sackett's Harbor. In 1808 he and his brother built the first brick building within the present limits of Syracuse, which is still standing on the southeasterly corner of Salina and Exchange streets. The brick for this building were made by David Marshall on the banks of the Yellow Brook near where it crossed South Salina street between Jefferson and Onondaga streets. The stone in the cellar wall were quarried in the line of what is now Center street, in the First ward. The Alvord brothers kept a hotel a few years in this building. i An extended sketch of Hon. Thomas G, Alvord appears on a subsequent page of this work. THE TOWN OF SALINA. '.)?/.) The Old Alvord Builping. Upon the organization of the town in 1809, Elisha Alvord was chosen supervisor; he was also prominent in the early militia and rose to the position of first major. He was conspicuous in the organization of the Federal Company in Salina for the more extensive and systematic manufacture of salt. This company was composed of himself, Jede- diah Sanger of Oneida, Thomas Hart, Ebenezer Butler of Pompey, Hezekiah Olcott, Daniel Keeler, and Asa Danforth. Ow ing to disagreements this company was bought out by the two Alvords about two years later and their interests were thus combined. Mr. ' Alvord removed from the county in 1813, and died in July, 1846, at Lansingburg. Dioclesian Alvord died in Salina March 10, 1868, aged ninety-two years. In 1793 the settlers at Salina became fearful of attack by the Indians. War was still going on between the western tribes and settlers, and the belligerent feeling extended among the Six Nations to some ex tent. Moreover, the condition of things on the northern frontier, where the British still held control, was such as to render an attack from that quarter imminent. The capture of a boat load of stores at Three River Point, which belonged to Sir John Johnson, by a party of thirty or forty men, aroused the ire of the British officers, who de termined that a body of soldiers and Indians under Johnson and Brant, should make a sudden descent upon the Onondaga settlements, where it was assumed most of the party who had captured the boat re sided. The collection of duties on American boats by the British gar rison at Oswego was the prime cause of the attack on Johnson's boat. The British had employed spies to give notice of any boat designing to "run" the fort, and through this agency several had been con fiscated. Two of the spies had been captured by the Americans and publicly whipped at Salina. While no real collision occurred, there was anxiety and foreboding at Salina which extended in lesser degree 940 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. to other points. Many families made serious preparations to leave their homes until the danger was passed. For consultation upon the subject a meeting was held at Onondaga Valley and Johnson Russell was sent to Albany to explain the situation to Governor Clinton. These measures resulted in the erection of the old block-house, a description and the location of which have been given in an earlier chapter. A committee of public safety was appointed consisting of Moses De Witt, Isaac Van Vleck, Thomas Orman, Simon Phares, and John Danforth. The block house was built by Cornelius Higgins and was finished be fore the beginning of 1795. It was made of square oak timbers and was surrounded by a high palisade of cedar posts. The building was about twenty feet high and pierced with port holes. The garrison con sisted of a company of grenadiers, whose headquarters had been at Onondaga Hill. The old block-house was not long used as a military post and subsequently served a more peaceful purpose as a State store house for salt. David Brace settled at Salina in 1794 and became prominent in the community, as also did his descendants. His brother, Horace, was an early settler and both were merchants during many years. While still young, David carried the mail on horseback to Oswego, when he had to find his way by the aid of marked trees. Benajah Byington was prominent among the early salt workers, and spent a great deal of time and money in boring wells on the high ground away from the lake shore. He died February 8, 1854. Oris Curtis was a pioneer as early, probably, as 1795. He was father of Fisher Curtis, who became quite prominent as a merchant and manufacturer, and was at one period in company with Elisha Alvord in mercantile business; he also had a store on the corner of Free and Spring streets. He was elected first president of Salina village in 1824 and was town clerk in 1810. The family was from Farmington, Conn., the former home of the Alvords. Oris Curtis died at the early age of thirty-eight years on January 23, 1804, and Fisher Curtis died at fifty-one years of age on the 27th of April, 1831. To supply the household needs of the settlers Benjamin Carpenter opened a store in 1795, in which he traded in furs, trinkets, ammuni tion, etc., with the Indians, and in general goods with the white fam ilies. Mr. Carpenter died in Salina and his family removed west. Judge William Stevens, the first salt superintendent, lived at Elbridge prior to 1797, when he removed to Salina, and in association with Mr. THE TOWN OF SALINA. 941 Gilchrist and Isaac Van Vleck, took the preliminary steps in the year just named for placing a State duty on salt. Mr. Stevens died in 1801. Rial Bingham was the first justice of the peace at Salina, removing there from Three River Point about 1796. William Kellogg, from Vermont, settled at Salina probably before 1800 and died on the 21st of March, 1819, at the age of sixty years. He was father of Ashbel Kellogg, one of the prominent citizens of the town and an early surveyor, who lived and died on the corner of Bear and Lodi streets. His daughter became the wife of Thomas G. Alvord. Thaddeus Ball, who died January 15, 1815, must have settled prior to 1800. His sons were James and "Jack," the latter of whom held the office of salt inspector. He finally removed to New Orleans and established coarse salt fields there. The widow of Thaddeus Ball mar ried James Matthews, brother of Samuel R. Matthews. Thomas Wheeler was a prominent Salina pioneer at about the begin ning of the century, and died March 30, 1862, at the age of eighty-one years. He was a practical surveyor and also carried on a store on the north side of the canal, in which locality most of the early business was transacted. His wife was a daughter of John J. Mang, one of the first German settlers there. Mr. Wheeler was interested in salt-making. His sister married Dioclesian Alvord. Ichabod Brackett located at Salina about 1800 and became a leading merchant and shipper and accumulated wealth through his business ability and shrewdness. He was also interested in the salt business, and built a dwelling and store combined on the corner of Exchange and Park streets. He died in October, 1832. The foregoing names include nearly all who settled at Salina previous to the beginning of the century and who became at all prominent in the history of the place. Quite a large part of the settlers during this period, and for many years afterwards,- were laboring men, pos sessing little else than sturdy muscles to give them a livelihood. The record of such lives has passed away, except as their labors made an imperishable impress upon the early growth of the community and its great industry. During the first decade of the present century the village increased considerably, keeping pace with the increasing mag nitude of the salt industry; but its most rapid growth was during the succeeding ten years. In the entire absence of the records of this period only brief annals have been collected from the few old residents of the village who are still living. Among the men who settled at 942 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Salina and conducted some kind of business during the period just pre ceding the organization of the town, or soon afterward, may be men tioned the following: Richard Goslin had a store on the north side of Free street, and was for a time a partner with Elisha Alvord. Richard C. Johnson kept a store also in that vicinity and near the pump house. Isham West located early as a hatter, on Salina street; his sister married Fisher Curtis. Davenport Morey was an early merchant and also started a distillery near the site of the Excelsior Mills; he also had a brew ery in association with Ashbel Kellogg, at the foot of Bear street. Still later he established a distillery on the site of the Greenway brew ery. Samuel P. Smith was a cabinetmaker, the first in Salina of any prominence. Thomas McCarthy settled in Salina in 1808 and won the foremost position as merchant and salt manufacturer. His early store was situated on Free street. He became prominent in public affairs, was member of assembly one term, trustee of the village many years, and one of the directors of the first bank in the village. He was father of the late Dennis McCarthy, the leading merchant and active politician of Syracuse. David W. Hollister settled in Salina in 1808, and for a time carried on a bakery. Later he attained a conspicuous position. He built the first saw mill in Geddes where he lived in later years. He held the office of poormaster and was in military service in the war of 1812, at Oswego. He married Ruth Phares in 1815. His son, the late James W. Hollister, who was deputy sheriff from 1865 to 1877, was born in Geddes in 1822. Dean Richmond's father and his uncles, John and Anson Richmond, removed to Salina from Vermont before 1810 and were interested in the salt industry. Anson died of cholera in 1832. Dean Richmond remained some years at Salina and took an interest in boating opera tions; at a later date he was a merchant on Exchange street. He was a man of great capacity and, as is well known, eventually became one of the leading railroad presidents and Democratic politicians of the country, with his residence in Batavia, later in Buffalo. William D. Stewart, son of David Stewart, was one of the noted men of Syracuse. He was born at Salt Point in 1805 and after limited schooling was employed two years in the old Eagle tavern. He then was employed by Philo D. Mickles, who was running a boat between Salina and Oswego. Later he was connected with some of the stage lines. About THE TOWN OF SALINA. 943 1829 he began manufacturing salt, but he soon saw his opportunity in the demand for passenger transportation on the Erie Canal and fitted up a packet boat which he commanded with great success for seventeen years. He then conducted the Welland House in Oswego two years. after which he was proprietor of the old Syracuse House which attained great popularity under his management. In 1865 Captain Stewart was elected mayor of the city by the Democrats and was twice re-elected. He died on August 9, 1874. Russell Buckley was another early boatman and is said to have taken the first load of salt through the Erie Canal from Salina to Utica. His son, Christopher Buckley, was one of the unfortunate victims of the so-called patriot war in Canada and was executed. The community settled around the salt springs and the farmers who had made considerable improvements throughout the town, now felt the need of * town organization with which they would feel a closer identification than they did with Onondaga. The feeling of rivalry between Salina village and the villages in the Valley and on the Hill was rapidly augmenting and exerted an influence towards the formation of the new town. The act organizing the town was passed on the 28th of March, 1809, and at the first town meeting the following officers were chosen: Elisha Alvord, supervisor; Fisher Curtis, town clerk; Rufus Danforth, Martin Wandle, Richard C. Johnson, Henry Bogardus, as sessors; Michael Mead, William Buckley, jr., and Jonathan Fay, com. missioners of highways. The early elections were held one day in Geddes (which town was then a part of Salina), one-half day in Liver pool, closing with a day at Salina; later and down to 1846 they were held one-half day at Geddes, one-half day at Liverpool, one day in Syracuse and one day in Salina. The polls in Salina were long located in the old Eagle tavern. The tax list of the old town of Salina is in existence for the year 1 809, and bears considerable interest and value, as indicating who were the more prominent residents of the town at that early date, and the rate of taxation. It is as follows : Valuation. Tax. Valuation. Tax. Haley Adams, and Ashbel Isaiah Bunce 1,597 9.98 Kellogg.. 1300 1.88 Benajah Byington, and E. and D. Alvord 8,500 53.13 Thad. M. Wood 1,630 10.19 AbijahAdams 200 1.25 Heirs of Brayton _ 200 1.25 Moses Averill 430 2. 69 Robert Brown and Noah Asahel Alvord... 75 .47 Tubbs 300 1.88 944 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Valuation. Wm. Beach 700 Heirs of Bellows 599 Wm. J. Bulkley 1,355 Christopher Bulkley 275 Henry Bulkley 200 Henry Burgess 200 David Blye,'. 400 Ichabod Brackett 1,330 Henry Bogardus 725 Lewis Brown 50 J. and T. Gilbert 700 E. R. Gilchrist 200 Timothy Gilchrist 200 Wm. Gilchrist . _ 650 Leonard Grove 225 James Gallagher _ 300 Francis Hale _ 200 Henry Hughes 125 AbelHawley 275 David Horner 200 David Haynes 275 Joseph Haskin 400 Richard C. Johnson 875 John Lane 142 Peter Lane 470 John Lord 500 George Loomis 100 Jacob Lamberson 100 Samuel Lowell 275 Martin Lamb 50 Samuel G. Bishop 200 Wm. Brown 175 Alanson Bacon 100 John C. Brace 100 Enoch Chambers 450 LutherCpe 120 Fisher Curtis 675 Wm. Culver 100 Samuel Dolson 30 John Dexter, jr 100 David Dear 470 Asa Danforth, jr _ . 600 John Danforth 150 Samuel Danforth _. 225 Rufus Danforth 1,125 Isaac Douglass 75 Tax. Valuation. Tax. 4.38 Wm. Dyckman 75 .46 3.74 Samuel Eaton . ... 450 166 2.81 8.47 Ralph Eaton 1.03 1.72 Jonathan Fay 200 1.25 1.25 Asa Foot ... 200 1.25 1.25 James Lamb 275 1.72 2.50 Caleb Lyon 350 1.56 8.31 James McKillop 255 1.59 4.53 John Jacob Mang 200 1.25 .31 Davenport Morey 600 3.75 4.38 Dennis Mayo 100 .63 1.25 Joseph Mann _ 275 1.72 1.25 Michael Mead 200 675 1.25 4.06 Nicholas Mickles & Co. _ 4.22 1.41 Barney and Patrick 1.87 McCabe... ' 175 1.09 1.25 Gordon Needham 320 2.00 .73 Thomas Ormon 375 2.34 1.72 Ebby Polly 75 .47 1.25 Lemuel Pease _. 50 .31 1.72 Amnie C. Pond 275 1.72 2.50 Alanson Person 200 1.25 5.47 Andrew Pharis 350 100230 2.17 .89 Simon Pharis .63 2.31 Elisha Phillips, jr. . . ... 1.44 3.13 Jonathan Russell _ 830 5.19 .63 Samuel Rogers _. 166 1.03 .63 Cornelius Scouton 627 3.92 1 79 John Sebring 100 .63 .31 Moses S. Sheldon 105 .65 1 25 Nathan Smith 50 175 31 1.09 Israel S. Sampson ___•__ 1.09 .63 John N. Smith 220 1.38 .63 Moses Sutherland 100 .63 2.81 Rufus Stanton 100 100 63 .75 Wm. Sutherland .63 4.20 Adam Trask 1,000 6.25 .63 Sheldon Thrall 100 .63 .19 Henry Taggart 200 1.25 .63 Elijah F. Toles 175 1 09 2.93 John W. Tyler ' 100 .36 3.75 Christian Usenbentz 250 1.56 .93 Jacob Van Tassell 200 1.25 2.03 Thaddeus M. Wood .. 750 4.68 7.03 Abraham and Charles .46 Walton 3,000 18.75 Valuation. Tax. 150 .94 50 .31 50 .31 200 1.25 THE TOWN OF SALINA. 945 Valuation. Tax. Martin Wandell 642 4.01 Peter Wales Thos. Wheeler _. 525 3.28 Joel Wilmer Chauncey and Nathan James Wilson Woodruff 100 .63 Peter Young Wm. Woodruff 175 1.09 Wm. Wentworth.. 175 1.09 Total $53,042 $533.68 Oliver Woodruff 200 1.25 These were living in not only the present town of Salina but also in the village of that name and in the town of Geddes. The figures in clude all of the State, county, and town tax for that year. Twenty- four persons were taxed for personal property on valuations from $25 to $1,500, the total being $5,056. E. and D. Alvord had the highest valuation of personal property, $1,500, and Ichabod Brackett had $1,000. Ten persons were taxed on personal property -alone, the total being $1,050. Fifty-nine were taxed on salt property, indicating the very early importance of that industry. Thirty-four of these had no other taxable property. The lowest valuation of salt property was Samuel Dolson, which was $30. The salt industry, the key to the prosperity of the town, began to as sume large proportions early in the century. That necessary commodity brought a high price during the next four years and the market was practically unlimited. While there was no manufacturing of much ac count in the town outside of salt, that in itself was sufficient to engross the attention of a large part of the inhabitants. Mercantile operations multiplied and a general air of thrift and growth characterized the community. The opening of the middle section of the canal in 1820, and the cutting of a lateral canal to the salt works in the same year gave still further stimulus to the town. The war of 1812 had little appreciable effect on the villages of Salina and Liverpool in a business sense, but it excited the apprehensions of the inhabitants to a considerable extent, who anticipated an invasion by the British by way of Oswego. Communication by water to Lake Ontario was comparatively easy and it was considered extremely prob able that the post at Oswego would be captured. Many American soldiers passed through Salina on their way to the frontier, which tended to further stimulate apprehension. These fears were finally dispelled and progress was more rapid than before. About the year 1820 or a little earlier Henry Seymour, father of Horatio Seymour, and Sylvester Peck built a saw mill in the vicinity of the site of the present chemical works building. The mill was operated 119 946 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. by water brought in a ditch from Onondaga Creek near the Chlorine Springs, where a low dam deflected a part of that stream. The mill had two upright saws and a general lumber business was carried on. This mill was burned in 1840 and a new one erected, which was taken down in 1852 and a steam mill with a gang of upright saws built in its place, with also a circular saw, a planer and other machinery. Elizur Clark, who settled in Salina in 1823, began lumber business under lease from Mr. Seymour in 1834, and for a time was in partnership with Horatio Seymour. In 1846 he purchased the mill and all the accessories and later sold one-half interest to Thomas G. Alvord, and the firm of Clark & Alvord carried on the business until 1863, when it was closed up. The mill property was leased to the Salt Company of Onondaga and was burned about 1876. Mr. Clark became a leading citizen, was identified with the banking interests of Syracuse and was one of the first aldermen of the First ward of the city; in 1863 he represented his district in the Legislature. In 1823 there were about twenty stores in Salina village many of which have been mentioned. One of the leading establishments was that of William Clark, which was on the westerly side of the Oswego Canal, on Free street, where most of the business houses were then congregated. Mr. Clark bought the old brick hotel, described as hav ing been built by the Alvords in 1808. Thomas McCarthy's store was near Mr. Clark's. Ezra M. Knapp located there about 1822 and built a distillery and a flouring mill, which was burned. At a later date he had a store on Salina street. The old Eagle tavern was a famous hostelry and was conducted by Jonathan R. Beach as early as 1810. He was an excellent violin player, and during many years taught dancing and deportment to the early Salt Pointers. He was afterwards a member of the mercantile firm of Beach & Foot. The Eagle tavern was afterwards owned by a Mrs. Field and managed by her son, Albert Field. It stood about opposite the site of the street car barns on Salina street. Richard Sanger, father of Augustus H. Sanger, kept the house a long time and was a prominent citizen. Another hotel stood on the opposite side of S,alina street near the car barn site, which was kept for a period by Augustus H. Scoville. These buildings «and others in the vicinity were burned in the destructive fire of 1856. Alonzo Crippen was a well known citizen, conducted a grocery on Free street, engaged in salt making, arid later built a brick building on the site of the Moyer wagon works. THE TOWN OF SALINA. 947 The firm of Williams & Co., composed of Coddington, Gordon, and Frank Williams, had a store near the canal which they subsequently removed and then built a brick structure on Exchange street which is still standing. Ira H. Williams, a brother of Frank, subsequently bought out the others. Hezekiah Barnes, Noah Wood, Jeremiah Stevens, Richmond, Marsh & Clark, Barnes & Fifield, Hunter Crane, Felt & Barlow, Crane & Risley, Williams & Allen, James Lynch, and others had stores at various periods on Exchange street after it was opened in 1827-8. Most of these men were among the more prominent of the place. Asa Foot and Roger Bates were a firm of early blacksmiths, and later Mr. Foot had a shop alone on the site of the Kearney brewery. Chris topher Nott was an'early wagonmakeron Carbon street, and Albert B. Congdon was a carpenter and builder who lived in later years in the 'central part of the city. He was killed by a runaway horse in Septem ber, 1880. Seth Castle was another carpenter, who died in January, 1872. Burr Burton was for many years one of the prominent salt manu facturers and business men of Salina, where he settled about 1820. A son of Stephen and Olive Burton, natives of Vermont, he was born at Onondaga Hill in April, 1804, and died here at the hands of an assassin, who shot him while he was standing in the front door of his house, May 4, 1865. He also erected a foundry and was interested in various busi ness enterprises. Deacon Stanton P. Babcock removed from Connecticut at an early day and settled at Salina. He possessed wealth and his son, who pre ceded him to their new home, was at one time a partner in mercantile business with Ira H. Williams. Deacon Babcock died April 1, 1857, aged seventy-eight years. Charles O. Holbrook, who was many years a clerk in the stores of Dioclesian Alvord and Thomas McCarthy, settled early in Salina. He was a son of Dr. David- Holbrook, who has been mentioned herein, and lived on the corner of First North and Bear streets in a house that is still standing. . John G. Forbes was the first lawyer of any note to settle in Salina and he became a prominent citizen of Onondaga county. He was act ive in politics and was member of assembly in 1825. He entered the militia as a lieutenant in Col. Thaddeus M. Wood's regiment in May, 1809, and rose by several promotions to the rank of colonel in 1817; he resigned in 1820. He subsequently removed to Syracuse. Enos D. 948 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Hopping practiced law in Salina in the early times. He was a brother- in-law of Dean Richmond, was appointed brigadier-general of volun teers by President Polk, and died in camp in the Mexican war. Before th@ close of the first quarter of the present century the vil lages of Salina and Syracuse were engaged in a spirited rivalry. The opening of the canal through the latter village in 1825 gave it a good groundwork for boasting of its prospects, while the older village prided itself upon its men of wealth, its enormous and growing salt works, and the general solidity of its institutions. Liverpool, too, had become a large and active community, and considerable progress had been made in Geddes, then in this town. The interests of Salina village finally became so extensive and its public affairs of such importance that village incorporation was determined upon. The act of incorpo ration was passed March 12, 1824, and at the succeeding charter elec tion Fisher Curtis, Henry C. Rossiter, James Shankland, and Jonathan R. Beach were chosed the first board of trustees. Fisher Curtis was selected as the first president, and Ashbel Kellogg, clerk ; S. R. Mat thews, collector; Horace Brace, treasurer; John G. Forbes, attorney. The usual village ordinances were put in force, a fire engine was pur chased with other apparatus, new streets were laid out and old ones improved. At a public meeting held April 7, 1826, a resolution was adopted asking the trustees to report the amount and purposes of the expenditures of money for the years 1824-25. Following is the report: A. Whitman for repairing engine. $45 00 L. H. Redfield, printing ordinances, and book 8 75 Samuel Herron, surveying streets _. 2 50 James Shankland, cash pa"id J. P. Rossiter _ 1 50 Ashbel Kellogg, copying assessment rolls _. 3 00 L. Bacon, making and repairing hose 5 75 Wm. Dowd, for drag rope ' 1 17 A. Smith, for two ladders 10 00 A. Foot, iron work on engine and fire hooks 12 86 Ephraim S. Durfee, cash paid on firemen's warrants ..... 75 Wright & Nott, for new wheels to engine _ 6 50 Ephraim S. Durfee, building engine house 45 61 For two notices of incorporation of village _ _. 4 25 Notice of amendment, 1825 4 25 Reuben St. John, notice of application of renewal, 1825 1 75 Same notice in State paper _ 3 00 Wm. Clark, for 31 lbs. iron for engine and hooks 1 44. Total $158 08 THE TOWN OF SALINA. 949 The collector's warrant called for collection of $250 for the year, while this report shows the expenditure of only about $158.08. At a meeting held in April, 1828, steps were taken for opening Ex change street, and William H. Beach, Matthew Van Vleck and John G. Forbes were appointed appraisers. A village pound was built in 1828, by Ashbel Kellogg, at a cost of $59. 89 ; the license fee for grocers was fixed at $20 and about a dozen grocers paid it. In 1829 the old cemetery was given up and block number 43, where the cemetery is now situated, was appropriated for the purpose. It was appraised on June 11, by Ashbel Kellogg, S. R. Matthews, and Roger Bates, at $325. Block" 59 (the old cemetery), was subdivided and sold at auction at prices for lots ranging from $210 to $380. The condition of block 43 at that time may be judged by the fact that Richard Molony was paid about $150 for clearing and grub bing on the lot to fit it for interments. Under date of August 10, 1829, the following appears in the records: "Mr. Tucker: — Please let Mr. Nathaniel Woodruff have his two hogs you have in the village pound by his paying you your fees for impound ing the same." This order was signed by Noah G. Wood, Lyman Brown, and I. West. The first paving of which the records speak was done in 1829 on Canal street. Syracuse street was opened at about the same time, ex tending from "Canal street and running "south to connect at Union Place with the road leading from Syracuse to the Court House." A considerable fire in February of that year was probably the incentive for making additions to the equipment of the fire department. An engine house was erected on land belonging to Thaddeus M. Wood, under lease; it was situated on Salt street and the building was erected by Joel Crane at a cost of $38. A hearse house was also built by Mr. Crane at a cost of $44. For several years after 1830 the receipts by the village treasurer were between $500 and $600 annually. A report of the trustees made in 1834 explains that they had not sold certain lots in the old cemetery, "as real estate is lower than we hoped it would ever be again." It was a time of doubt as to the future of the village, created largely by the then rapid growth of Syracuse. In 1837 the village purchased a town clock of Jehiel Clark, of Cazenovia, costing $300. The financial stringency of that period was then at its height, and for that reason, perhaps, the clock was paid for in installments. 950 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. In 1839 the village appears to have felt an impulse of enterprise and various public improvements were begun. A subscription paper is in existence bearing the names of many prominent citizens, with the amounts they gave towards the public square. An agreement was en tered into between the village and Owen Mackin and Charles Harvey, under which the latter were to excavate and properly fill the "Public, or Center Square." at an expense of $230. Fifty thousand brick for flagging were contracted for and various public improvements were made. In the year 1841 the receipts of the village had increased to $750, while in 1843 the amount fose to nearly $2,000. Streets and sidewalks were greatly extended and improved, the fire department improved, and in their report for the year 1843 the trustees stated: "We believe the improvements of the past two years have had a good effect. " But with all of its efforts, its salt works, its growing manufactures, its hitherto active mercantile business, its energetic men, Salina as the metropolis of Onondaga county was doomed. The older and more conservative part of the community clearly saw that union with Syra cuse could not be far distant, and when the incorporation of Syracuse as a city was determined upon and consummated under act of Legisla ture, dated December 14, 1847, Salina village was made the First ward, with the following defined limits: "All that part of the city lying east of Onondaga creek and north of Division and Pond streets. " On the 18th of March, 1848, the town of Salina was reduced to its present area by the formation of the town of Geddes. Following is a list of the village officers of Salina, as far as they can be collated from the fragmentary records in existence : 1827, trustees, Sylvester F. Peck, Ezra M. Knapp, Thomas McCarthy, Ashbel Kellogg, George Gage ; treasurer, Hamilton D. Risley ; collector, Jacob Burgess. 1829, trustees, William H. Beach, B. Stocker, Anson Richmond, Voltaire Newton, Samuel P. Smith, jr. ; treasurer, Morris Homan ; inspector of wood, Noah Tubbs. 1831, trustees, Noah G. Wood, Erasmus Stone, S. S. Peck, James Beardslee, Hunter Crane; treasurer, James Fifield; collector, Joel Wright. 1832, trustees, James Fifield, A. Richmond, Hunter Crane, Ashbel Kellogg, William Clark; treasurer, James Lynch; assessors, Thomas McCarthy, C. B. Williams, Norris Felt. 1833, trustees, Lyman Clary, James J. Rice, Norris Felt, C. B. Williams ; treasurer, James Beards lee; collector, S. Harroun. 1834, trustees, James Beardslee, Giles Williams, Lyman Bowen, Lyman Clary, James J. Rice; treasurer, James Lynch; collector, S. Black- mar; assessors, Ebenezer Rice, Rhesa Griffin, Elijah Clark; 1835, trustees, B. F. Williams, Elijah Clark, Lyman Bowen, James Beardslee, Rhesa Griffin ; treasurer, Johnson Gordon; assessor, William Clark; collector, William B. Whitmore; 1836, THE TOWN OF SALINA. 951 trustees, Elijah Clark, Rhesa Griffin, John Barron, D. E. Bibbins, James Beardslee; collector, David G. Johnson ; treasurer, Lyman Bacon. 1837, trustees, Ashbel Kellogg, William G. Clark, James Lynch, C. B. Williams, E. D. Hopping ; treasurer, Lyman Bacon; collector, Hiram Harroun; assessors, James J. Rice, Thomas G. Alvord, Elijah Clark. 1838, trustees, Johnson Gordon, Burr Burton, James Beards lee, C. B. Williams, E. D. Hopping; treasurer, Lyman Bacon; collector, Sylvester House; clerk, Thomas G. Alvord. 1839, trustees, E. D. Hopping, L.Y. Avery, Burr Burton, C. B. Williams, Thomas McCarthy; treasurer, Lyman Bacon; collector, Nelson Phillips: assessors, Thomas G. Alvord, Elijah Clark, William Clark; 1840, trustees, James Lynch, Ira H. Williams, Dennis McCarthy, M. W. Bennett, Elizur Clark; treasurer, Lyman Bacon; assessors, Thomas G. Alvord, Elijah Clark, William Clark. 1841, trustees, S. Swaney, Elizur Clark, Alonzo Crippen, Ashbel Kellogg, Patrick D. Lynch; treasurer, Wm. Clark; collector, Charles W. Ladd. 1842, trus tees, Latham Y. Avery, Elizur Clark, Ira H. Williams, Patrick Cooney, Thomas Carraher; treasurer, William Clark. 1843, trustees, Elizur Clark, Ira H. Williams, L. Y. Avery, Thomas Carraher ; treasurer, John Hutchinson ; collector, Dennis Devoy; assessors, William Clark, Benjamin F. Green. 1844, trustees, Ashbel Kel logg, John Barron, A. Crippen, J. H. Swaney, C. A. Nott; treasurer, John Hutchin son; collector, Oliver T. Couch; assessors, Charles Scott, B. F. Green, William Clark. 1845, trustees, Thomas McCarthy, A. Crippen, N. B. Clark, Patrick Cooney, Benajah A. Avery ; treasurer, Patrick D. Lynch ; collector, Roswell Holmes ; asses sors, B. F. Green, Charles B. Scott, Wm. Clark; fire wardens, David G. Johnson, Silas Titus, A. Crippen. 1846, trustees, Elizur Clark, Richard Sanger, Noadiah M. Childs, Voltaire Newton, Thomas Doyle; assessors, William Clark, B. F. Green; collector, A. A. Wheeler. 1847, trustees, Elizur Clark, Thomas Doyle, N. M. Childs; treasurer, Thomas Earll; assessors, I. R. Quereau, C. B. Scott, William Popple; collector, Patrick Gaffney. During the greater portion of the period covering the history of Salina as a vil lage, Thomas G. Alvord was the efficient clerk. In the foregoing pages attention has been chiefly directed to the vil lage of Salina, for here the early settlers most congregated. In fact a considerable part of the commercial and manufacturing interests of the entire county centered in this vicinity during the first quarter century of its history. In the chapter devoted to Cicero appears a list of the prominent residents in the towns of Salina, Cicero, and Clay between the years 1795 and 1825, as preserved by Lewis H. Redfield about 1830, and to it the reader is referred for the names of those who by their industry and enterprise were foremost in developing the territory mentioned. In 1824 Salina village contained about 100 dwellings and sixty salt manufactories. The town, which then embraced the Geddes of that time and Syracuse, contained 1,814 inhabitants, 111 farmers, 362 manufacturers, four slaves, 454 electors, 1,000 acres of improved land, 435 cattle, 172 horses, 297 sheep, a grist mill, one saw mill, an oil mill, two asheries, four school houses, and 484 school children. In that year 952 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1,414 yards of domestic cloth were made in families. A Gazetteer of 1836 gives Salina village one Presbyterian, one Roman Catholic, and one Methodist Episcopal church, three taverns, nine stores, a bank with a capital of $150,000, and seventy- seven salt manufactories, while Liverpool had two taverns, four stores, and about sixty house,s, mostly of wood. The town at this period contained 883 militia, 1,540 voters, 11,407 acres of improved land, 2,423 cattle, 1,239 horses, 2,935 sheep, 3,010 swine, four grist mills, seven saw mills, three iron works, a distillery, two asheries, one tannery, a brewery, seventeen school districts, and 947 scholars. During the year 1835 6,255 yards of domestic cloth were manufactured. In 1845 the town contained 15,804 inhabitants, 1,864 militia, 3,533 voters, 2,353 school children, twenty-six common schools, 14,012 acres of improved land, four grist mills, four saw mills, four iron works, one trip-hammer, two asheries, two tanneries, churches — one Baptist, three Episcopalian, three Presbyterian, a Congregationalist, six Methodist, three Roman Catholic, one Universalist, one Unitarian, and one Jewish, four wholesale and 103 retail stores, seventy- eight groceries, 297 farmers, 130 merchants, 147 manufacturers, 1,003 mechanics, twenty-one clergymen, thirty-three physicians, and forty-one lawyers. These figures took in Syracuse and Geddes as well as the village and town of Salina. Statistics of 1860, after the town of Salina had been reduced to its present limits: Acres of improved land, 6,560; assessed value of real estate, $802,575, and personal property, $32,900; dwellings, 417; families, 497; freeholders, 274; horses, 333; cattle, 394; cows, 427; sheep, 1,557; swine, 674; winter wheat produced in one year, 1,062 bushels; spring wheat, 44,288 bushels; hay, 1,559 tons; potatoes, 15,550 bushels; apples, 4,021 bushels; butter, 44,732 pounds; cheese, 400 pounds; yards of domestic cloth, 94. The completion of the Erie Canal in 1825 and the opening of the Os wego Canal in 1828 contributed materially to the commercial prosperity of this town, and especially to the villages of Salina and Liverpool, which continued to advance until overshadowed by Syracuse in later years. The great salt industry brought into activity scores of other enterprises which gave employment to hundreds of skilled mechanics, but its most extensive auxiliary was coopering, or the manufacture of barrels, which at one time nearly equaled in extent the business that gave it existence. This was largely carried on by Germans, who from their earliest settlement here were noted for their thrift and frugality. Cooper shops of various capacities flourished throughout the town as well as in adjacent territory, and cooperage constituted the chief reve nue and occupation of the masses. The dense forests long furnished abundant material, and being contiguous to the constantly increasing salt operations were utilized for this purpose to a greater extent than elsewhere in the county. This fact explains the absence of asheries, of which only two are mentioned in the preceding statistics. The Oswego Canal gave a marked impulse to the advancement of THE TOWN OF SALINA. 953 Liverpool village, which in early days was called "Little Ireland." At an early period, previous to 1800, it was a sprightly hamlet, where considerable bartering was done. It was a convenient shipping point by water, being situated directly upon the shore of the lake, and but for the miasma which enveloped it in those early years, because of the territory about it being illy drained, it might have continued to con test with Salina its claim to greatest prominence. It was also ambitious to be the peer of Manlius, but it was never destined to become such. The site was laid out as a village by the surveyor-general and given the name of Liverpool by the commissioners of the land office. The earliest settlers have already been given. During the first twenty years of this century it was principally a salt manufacturing point, but as settlers took up their homes within its limits the place acquired considerable mercantile activity. The opening of the canal was the signal for anew era of prosperity, and on April 20, 1830, the village was incorporated by a special act of the State Legislature. The first charter election was held in the school house on the 7th of June of that year, Benjamin W. Adams, presiding, and the following officers were elected : Joseph Jaqueth, president; Saul C Upson, Harvey Kimball, William Wint- worth, Sherman Morehouse, and John Paddock trustees ; Ara Gleason, Zenas Corbin, and Reuben Norton, assessors ; Caleb Hubbard, clerk; Jonathan P. Hicks, treasurer; Aaron Van Ostrom, collector; Sher man Morehouse and Samuel C. Godard, constables. The village pres idents have been as follows : Joseph Jaqueth, 1830 ; Samuel C. Upson, 1831 ; James Johnson, 1832 ; John Paddock, 1833-34; Joseph Hasbrook, 1835; John Paddock, 1836; Jonathan P. Hicks, 1837; John Pinney, 1838 ; E. Ladanis, 1839 ; Jared Bassett, 1840 ; John Mathews, 1841-42 ; Jared Bassett, 1843; Dr. Charles S. Sterling', 1844; James Johnson, 1845-46; John Matthews, 1847^8 ; Jared Bassett, 1849 ; Isaac Sharp, 1850 ; Edward T. Chany, 1851 ; Henry Clark, 1852; Sampson Jaqueth, 1853; P. Barnes, 1854; Stephen Van Alstyne, 1855; Charles W. Cornue, 1856; A. S. Tracy, 1857; C. W. Cornue, 1858; Dr. C. S. Sterling, 1859; T. B. Anderson, 1860; Jared Bassett, 1861-62; T. B. Anderson, 1863; Joseph Jaqueth, 1864; C. W. Cornue, 1865; J. T. Crawford, 1866; A. P. Burtch, 1867; David A. Brown, 1868-69; J. J. Moscrip, 1870; O. C. Gleason, 1871; Tenant Hinck ley, 1872; Sampson Jaqueth, 1873; R. R. Claxton, 1874; D. F. Gillis, 1875-76; Will iam Gleason, 1877; 1878-1884, records lost; William Gleason, 1885-86; Silas Duell, 1887; Edward P. Black, 1888-89; Daniel Mathews, 1890; William J. Cake, 1891; Silas Duell, 1892; Jacob Smith, 1893; James G. Miller, 1894; Charles G. Alvord, 1895. Liverpool in 1836 contained the stores of J. & J. G. Hasbrook, L. & J. Corbin, and Joseph Jaqueth; Drs. Charles S. Sterling and Caleb 120 954 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Hubbard were physicians, Rev. PhineasKamp was the local clergyman, and Joseph Malton presided over the school. A somewhat famous school had been established at a very eary day by one Conner, who taught the children and made salt at the same time. His was consid ered the best educational institution in the county, was denominated " the high school," and was patronized by the residents of Salina and Onondaga Hollow. Schools seem to have kept pace with all other in terests. In 1846 the present brick school house in the village was erected, to which an addition was made in the rear in 1863. In 1874 the Liverpool Union Free school was organized and still continues. The town now contains eight school districts, in each of which is a com modious school house. Joseph and Sampson Jaqueth were for many years leading merchants in Liverpool, and contributed by their enterprise and public spirit to the growth and development of the place. They were both prominent men and left large property interests. Among other merchants were John and Henry Paddock, George and Jared Bassett, John S. Forger, John Acker, Zenas and Justus Corbin, Peter Smith, Israel and Backus Hasbrook, William Manley, Thomas B. Anderson, Aiken & Sons, Lucius Gleason, George H. Russell and his father, George F. Sharrer, Charles Hasbrouck, Moses Folger, Stephen Van Alstyne, Thomas Hand (father of Charles), Miles and Richard Adams; the present ones being Charles Hand, Dinehart & Sharrer, George Shaver, Peter and Jacob B. Smith, William Gleason, and William F. Lee & Son. Among the blacksmiths may be mentioned John Passmore and son William, Peter Moschell, Peter Myers, A. B. Wells, Frank Beuscher, and Henry Beuscher; wagonmakers and undertakers, James Cronkhite, and John G. Boyden; tailors, Tenant Hinckley and Philander Hasbrook (died March 23, 1894, aged eighty-six); shoemakers, Mr. Stilson, George Cockings, and Morris Wintworth; harnessmakers, George Cockings, and Edward Kelly ; physicians, Drs. Charles S. Sterling (died Septem ber 9, 1884, aged eighty), William Seward, J. R. Young, C. S. Hunt ington, A. B. Randall, and R. A. Whitney. Joseph Jaqueth was an early postmaster, and following him in the office were John S. For ger, Jasper T. Crawford, Henry Lynn, George Richburg, and Mar tin Dinehart, incumbent. C. A. Fargo and John S. Forger carried on sash, blind, and casket manufacturing for several years in a building owned by the Jaqueth estate. Hotels and taverns also formed an im portant part of the village, and among the old-time landlords were THE TOWN OF SALINA. 955 Ambrose and George Ingersoll, brothers, who kept a hostelry about where the Globe Hotel now stands. The old tavern was burned about 1870, and George Ingersoll erected the present house near the same site, of which Silas Duell has been proprietor since 1890. The stone hotel was built by Jonathan P. Hicks, and among its occupants were A. B. Wells, Harvey Batchelder, Oscar Bunzey, Harvey Crawford, and Alonzo Godard, who also kept the Globe for a time. During the prosperous period of the salt industry many prominent salt manufacturers lived in and around Liverpool. William Forger, father of John S., was one of the earliest, and commenced his opera tions with a single kettle. Among others were Lucius Larkin, Jason Leonard, William Manley, Thomas B. Anderson, Joseph and Sampson Jaqueth, Tenant Hinckley, John Paddock, John S. Forger, Henry Wycker, George Shaver, Albert Pierce, Jesse McKinley, Peter and Jacob Smith, George and Jared Bassett, Thomas Gale, Daniel Mathews, Thomas Murray, Lewis T. Hawley, James Duell, Lucius Gleason, Duncan W. Peck, Stephen Van Alstyne, Anson S. Lacy (father of Henry), John W. Van Alstyne, Nicholas Timmons, Mr. Hutchinson. Salt manufacturing reached the zenith of its prosperity in 1873, when the tariff on foreign salt was reduced; after that it steadily declined, until great blocks with long rows of kettles which were once valued at vast sums of money became practically worthless, while solar salt manufacturing also declined. Operations in the last block were discon tinued about 1890. But as the salt business decreased, another industry sprung into ex istence and spread over nearly every part of the town. This was the raising of willows for baskets. About forty years ago the willow in dustry was inaugurated on a small scale, principally by Germans, who turned their earnest attention to the cultivation of this now important product and the making" of baskets. After about two decades the business was quite generally and exclusively developed, and at the present time it leads in many sections of Salina all other business in terests. Lucius Gleason was for many years one of the heaviest pro ducers. Among the numerous manufacturers who were instrumental in developing the willow industry may be mentioned John Fisher, George Miller, Philip and Valentine Bond, Frederick Bauer, John Bond, Adam King, Anthony Shauer, and the Biddell brothers. In 1870 there were produced 8,000 dozen of baskets, in 1892 33,000 dozen, the highest number in any one year, and in 1895 about 28,000 dozen were turned out. 956 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Another important industry which created considerable activity in Liverpool was the building and repairing of canal boats, which sprung up very soon after the Oswego Canal was opened. R. B. Claxton and Francis Meloling had a dry dock in the village for many years, while Stephen Van Alstyne, John S. Forger, Charles A. Barnes, and others carried on boat building, etc. At this point it is pertinent to add the names of other settlers and citizens to whose energy is due the conversion of a forest-covered ter ritory into a fruitful and attractive section. The following list is taken largely from the town records prior to 1840, and includes no doubt many who were living in Geddes and Syracuse, which at that period were within the limits of Salina: Henry Lake (justice), Stephen W. Cadwell, Benjamin F. Williams (surveyor), George H. Patrick, Thomas Rose, Henry Case, Noah Wood, William and Elijah Clark, Thomas Bennett, Oliver Teall, Sheldon Pardee, Henry Newton, Simeon Spaulding, Samuel P. Smith, James H. Luther, Israel Hasbrook, James Lynch, Saul C. Upson, Alfred Northam, Clark Hebbard, Noah H. and John H. Smith, James Johnson, Alanson Edwards, jr., Charles L. Skinner, Caleb Hub bard, Thomas McCarthy, Zenas Church, Henry Lamb, Ralph Bulkley, George Siperly, Ovias Abel, Levi Higby, William Schuyler, Jacob G. Willard, Gershom Brown, Asahel Reed, Charles Kilmer, Hugh Gregg, James B. Jerome, James Beards lee, Thomas Rexford, James I. Rice, Henry Devoe, Elijah W. Curtis, David G. Montgomery, Heman H. Phillips, John F. Wyman, Jerome I. Briggs, Thomas Sam- mons, Harvey Kimball, Benjamin F. Green (surveyor), James Bates, John W.Wood ward, George Stevens, John C. Dunham, Ira H. Williams, Darius A. Orcott, David S. Earll (died June 24, 1894, aged over 95), Samuel C. Goddard, Lucius Goddard (born here, and died June 16, 1894, aged 74), John Whitney (died in 1892), Isaac Secor (father of Hulstead), David D. Miller (father of Peter), Willard, Lucius, Will iam, and Orson C. Gleason (sons of Ara), Julius N. Clark, Robert Furman, Jacob Brewster, Rufus Stanton, Freeman Hughes, Isaac Keeler, Jonathan Baldwin, Ira A. Gilchrist, Roswell Hinman, John Hartshorn, James Keith, Hosea Case, David Bonta, Richard Sanger, jr., Abram Harris, Isaac Lewis, Hugh T. Gibson, William W. Tripp, Horace Bailey, Mars Nearing. Among the names which appear on the town records between 1840 and 1850 are: Arthur Ingersoll, Stoddard H. Hinman, Abner Vickery, jr.-, David Leslie, William Barker, Amos Stafford, Norman Morehouse, Wildman Williams, John H. Johnson, George H. Waggoner, William P. Harris, Joseph Wilson, Elisha Marsh, Tenant Hinckley, Henry Henderson. John Adams, William B. and James C. Garrett, Isaac Sharp, Edward Haynes, Isaiah Sparks, James Duell. James Duell moved from Dutchess county to the town of Clay in 1842 and came thence in 1847 to Liverpool, where he died in August 1886. His son, Silas Duell, since May, 1890, proprietor of the Globe THE TOWN OF SALINA. 957 Hotel, was born in Pine Plains, N. Y., October 25, 1840, and served as salt inspector twelve years. William F. Lee, previously mentioned, was born in 1835 in Liver pool, where his father, George Lee, from the eastern part of this State, settled in 1802. George was a caulker by trade, served as a soldier in the war of 1812, and died here in 1857, leaving a widow, Kezia, daugh ter of William Forger, and twelve children, of whom Harry W. , Will iam F., John F., and George W., still survive and reside in this town; of the eight deceased Dorrance B. served in the war of the Rebellion, lost both feet, and died here about 1880. William F. Lee was salt in spector under Vivus W. Smith and since 1865 has been engaged in the meat and grocery business. His mother was born in Pompey in June, 1803, came to Liverpool with her parents in 1804, and has lived in the village ever since, a period of ninety-two years, being the oldest person in the town. She is a pensioner of the war of 1812. Her brother, John S. Forger, long a prominent business man, merchant, postmaster, farmer, brick and salt manufacturer, etc., died here August 27, 1888, aged seventy-seven. Lucius Gleason was born in Liverpool village December 8, 1819, and died there January 3, 1893, being the oldest child of Ara and Mary (Flint) Gleason, who became settlers in 1812. He was for many years extensively identified with salt manufacturing, merchandising, the wil low industry, and various other enterprises, and owned a farm of 250 acres in this town and another of 750 acres in Clay. He was president of the Third National Bank of Syracuse from January, 1871, until his death. John Paddock was born in Herkimer county in 1805, came to Liver pool in 1826, and for many years held a prominent place in the com mercial and moral life of village and town. Duncan Gillis, born in April, 1801, came to Liverpool with his fam ily from Washington county in 1839 and engaged in the salt business. He subsequently became a farmer and died in November, 1889. Dar win F. Gillis, his only child, was born in Sandy Hill, N. Y., in 1838, and has practically spent his life in the village, where he was receiver of salt duties for three years, and where he is now village clerk and a produce dealer. His wife is a daughter of Benjamin Chauncey Brad ley, whose father, Merrick Bradley, married in 1809 Mary, daughter of Benjamin and Mary (Sprague) Colvin, of Skaneateles, who were the grandparents of Mrs. Delia Colvin Hatch. The Bradley family came 958 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. to this town in 1835 and settled on a farm between Liverpool and Salina. B. C. Bradley married a daughter of Elijah Bowen, of Marcellus, and died in 1864, four years before his father, whose death occurred in 1868. Merrick Bradley, besides one son, had one daughter, Mrs. E. A. Will iams of Syracuse. During the war of the Rebellion from 1861 to 1865 the town of Salina contributed generously of her brave and patriotic sons to fill the ranks of the Union armies, and the record which her loyal citizens made throughout that sanguinary conflict graces with imperishable brilliancy the pages of local history. Great credit is also due the women — wives and mothers, sisters, and friends of those heroic soldiers — who cour ageously supported the cause and aided in ameliorating the hardships of those on the field and in hospital. The years immediately following the Civil war witnessed almost general prosperity. Except in the village attention had for some time been given mainly to agricultural pursuits, which proved both profit able and congenial, owing to the easy cultivation of the soil. All kinds of grain, corn, vegetables, hay, potatoes, fruit, etc., were raised in abundance, and the proximity to Syracuse and the two great canals afforded excellent markets and cheap transportation. But another thoroughfare of travel was destined to exert a powerful influence upon both town and village. This was the Syracuse Northern Railroad, which was opened November 9, 1871. Soon afterward the Phoenix branch, striking the main line at Woodard, was completed. These roads gave existence to the little hamlet at the junction, which shortly after acquired the privileges of a post-office, where Allen B. Kinney has officiated as postmaster for several years. Liverpool thenceforward lost much of its former prestige and business activity by having its trade drawn to the city of Syracuse. While sturdy and enterprising settlers were pouring into the town and converting it from a wilderness into a prosperous community the elevating influences of education and religion were not neglected. The former has already been noticed, while the latter, in so far as the sub ject relates to the old village of Salina, is sufficiently treated in the chapter devoted to Syracuse. The inhabitants of the east part of the town and along the northern border have always enjoyed religious services in what is now the city or in Clay, and the reader's attention in this respect is directed to Liverpool, where the chief interests of the present town center. Here the Methodists held meetings prior to 1820 THE TOWN OF SALINA. 959 in which year the first M. E. church of Liverpool was organized with such members as William B. Harris, Calvin Turner, Seth A. Cary, Peter M. Cameron, Jesse Pease, M. R. Judd, and Mrs. Bennett, Hinck ley, Hogan, Bishop, and Keith. In 1826 an edifice was built at a cost of about $1,500. This structure, since repaired and remodeled, is still standing. The Presbyterians held services at a very early day in the second story of the building now occupied by William F. Lee as a meat market, the public school being held during the week on the first floor. This building then stood near the center of Washington Park, and be ginning in the winter of 1828-29 Rev. Phineas Camp preached two years. On November 9, 1829, a church was organized with nine mem bers: John and Martha Dickson, Martha O. Dickson, Nancy Paddock, Eaton E. Griffin, Nancy Hicks, Rebecca Morehouse, Lucinda Sum- merton, and Martha Moschell. Mr. Dickson was deacon for thirty- five years. In 1841 a frame edifice was erected at an expense of $3,000, the builder being James Johnson and the principal financier Jonathan P. Hicks. The present brick structure was built during the ministry of Rev. Chester W. Hawley, cost $11,500, and was dedicated March 4, 1863. Among the pastors have been Revs. Phineas Camp (first), Ezekiel J. Chapman, A. C. Tuttle, Elisha B. Sherwood, Royal A. Avery, R. T. Searle, and H. C. Hazen. Ascension (Episcopal) church was organized in 1840, and the next year an edifice was erected. The first rector was Rev. George D. Gil lespie, and the communicants numbered three or four. This church soon disbanded. In 1852 St. Paul's German Lutheran church was or ganized, and in the autumn of 1853 they purchased the Episcopal edi fice, which they still occupy. The first pastor was Rev. T. W. Reich- enberg. Among the original nine members of this society were Peter Schmidt, John Bahn, and Martin Weimar. This church was preceded by the Salem church of the Evangelical Associatian of North America, which was organized in 1844 with twenty-four members, among whom were George Miller (in whose house services had previously been held), Charles Werner, Jacob Eberling, P. Wilbert, John Backer, L. Traes- ter, and others. An edifice was built in 1844 at a cost of about $1,000. It is now used as a tin shop, having been superseded by a new frame structure about 1886. In 1890 the Roman Catholics erected a neat, frame church, the parish having been organized as an out mission from Syracuse some years previously.. The village of Liverpool has also maintained since August 26, 1862, 960 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Liverpool lodge, No. 525, F. & A. M., which was instituted on that date with nine members: R. J. Chillingworth, W. M. ; W. W. Parker, S: W. ; C. S. Wells, J. W. ; T. B. Anderson, secretary; A. B. Wells, James O'Neil, Thomas Drum, R. B. Claxton, and R. Piatt. About the same year the construction of sewers was commenced on a small scale, and this public improvement has been continued from time to time until now the village boasts a comparatively adequate sewerage system. Some ten years ago the old fire buckets were replaced by the services and equipment of Hook and Ladder Company No, 1, a volunteer fire organization quartered in a building used also for a village hall. No less than three efforts have been made since 1875 to found a weekly newspaper in Liverpool. The first two of these attempts re sulted in the very short life of the Lakeside Press, by Dr. H. E. Van Horn, a dentist, and the Liverpool Times, by John J. Hallock. The Liverpool Telegraph, the first successful journalistic enterprise in the village, was started May 21, 1892, by William F. Brand, who has ever since continued as its editor and publisher, making it a bright and newsy weekly. In recent years Liverpool has acquired a reputation for its cigar man ufacture. Chief among those who have developed and carried on the enterprise may be mentioned Thomas Hand and son Charles, Peter Therre, jr., and Alonzo Godard. In 1880 the village contained 1,350 inhabitants, while in 1890 its population numbered 1,284. The earliest record in the town clerk's office in Liverpool begins with the year 1831. All records prior to that date have been burned or lost, as diligent search has failed in discovering them. From the books in existence and from other sources the names of supervisors of Salina have been obtained as follows : Fisher Curtis, 1825-27 ; E. M. Knapp, 1828 ; Davenport Morey, 1829 ; William Avery, 1830; Ashbel Kellogg, 1831-32; Benjamin F. Williams, 1833-35 ; Joseph Jaqueth, 1836; Matthew Van Vleck, 1837-38 ; Elias W. Leavenworth, 1839-40 ; Rial Wright, 1841 ; Dennis McCarthy, 1842; Matthew Van Vleck, 1843-44; Thomas Bennett, 1845-46; Hiram Putnam, 1847; Miles Adams, 1848; Richard Adams, 1849-50; Joseph Jaqueth, 1851-52; Isaac R. Patten, 1853-55; Samuel H. Hopkins, 1856; George Bassett, 1857'; Francis Alvord, 1858-59; John Paddock, 1860; Sampson Jaqueth, 1861-64; Hiram L.' Hawley, 1865 ; Charles W. Cornue, 1866-70 ; Francis Alvord, 1871-73 ; Sylvester D. Keller, 1874-76; George Bassett, 1877-78; Daniel Mathews, 1879 ; Francis Alvord, 1880-83; William Gleason, 1884; Ignatius Sawmiller, 1885-89; George Baxter, 1890; Silas Duell, 1891; Charles A. Congdon, 1892; William Gleason, 1893; George Baxter' 1894-96, THE TOWN OF LA FAYETTE. 961 The population of the town has been as follows : In 1810, 1,259; 1820, 1,814; 1830, 6,929; 1835, 7,793; 1840, 11,012; 1845, 15,804; 1850, 2,142; 1855,2,580; 1860,2,409; 1865, 2,754; 1870, 2,688; 1875, 2,955; 1880, 2,888; 1890, 3,490; 1892, 3,493. CHAPTER XLIV. THE TOWN OF LA FAYETTE. The town of La Fayette comprises thirty-two lots of the original military township of Pompey, known as No. 10 of the Military Tract, and also twenty-two lots subsequently purchased by the State from the Onondaga Indian Reservation. The first mentioned lots, containing about 600 acres each, were numbered and drawn as bounty lands by soldiers of the Revolutionary war as follows: No. 1, William Dunbar; 2, Cornelius Woodmower; 3, Brig. -Gen. James Clinton; 13, John Snowden ; 14, Lieut. Abraham Hyatt ; 15, John List ; 24, Elisha Harvey ; 25, reserved for Gospel, schools, etc. ; 34, Philip Caldwell ; 35,, Capt. Nicholas Van Rensselaer; 36, Conrad Hilty; 45, Capt. William Stevens; 46, Leonard Chapin; 56, JohnDobson; 57, Lieut. -Col. Frederick Weissenf els ; 58, David Morrison ; 59, Philip Burch; 60, Edward Wright ; 61, Jonathan Briggs; 62, reserved for Gospel, schools, etc.; 72, Samuel Townsend, paymaster; 73, reserved for Gospel, schools, etc.; 74, George Alkyser; 75, Martin Rees; 76, William Dougherty; 77, Col. John Lamb; 87, Henry Elliott; 88, Othaniel Prescott; 89, John Thayer; 90, Abijah Ward; 91, Capt. John F. Hamtramck ; 92, Thomas Willson. While a number of these surnames are familiar in local history, none of the veterans mentioned became an actual settler of the town. Their titles in most instances passed into hands of speculators, often for ridiculous sums, and not infrequently caused much litigation. The pioneers, who came from New England or from the eastern counties of this State, suffered all the privations and hardships of frontier life, yet with true heroism, unfailing courage, and indomitable perseverance they gradually subdued this vast wilderness and converted it into a productive section. Upon every hand are to be seen the results of their arduous labor, and it is proper, therefore, that the present genera tion should for a moment glance backward over a century's history and study the primitive conditions which long ago ceased to exist. The town of La Fayette was for many years a part of the famous 121 962 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Onondaga country, the seat of the central government of the Iroquois Confederacy, and the scene of notable 'Indian gatherings, ceremonies, and traditions, the history of which has been detailed in previous chapters of this work. Adjoining the present Onondaga Reservation on the south and east, to which portions of the town formerly belonged, the territory under consideration is rich in aboriginal lore as well as interesting in missionary and colonial achievements. Ample evidences of former occupancy were discovered by the early settlers, and even after their arrival the Indians often visited the section in quest of game and adventure. The dense forest abounded with bears, deer, panthers, wolves, foxes, and other wild animals, while the two principal streams, Onondaga and Butternut Creeks, flowing northerly through the valleys on the west and east sides of the ridge respectively, together with their small tributaries, supplied plenty of fish. One of the latter water courses, Conklin's Brook, descends 500 feet within the space 6"f a mile. The first settlement in what is now La Fayette, and likewise the first within the military township and the late civil town of Pompey, was made by a Revolutionary soldier, John Wilcox, on lot 13, in 1791, in which year his daughter Amy was born, which was the first white birth in the territory under consideration. He located on Haskins Hill, a little east of an abandoned Indian orchard, which he owned, and which covered about twenty acres of land. This old orchard was in full bear ing at the time of his arrival, and was situated on a commanding eminence, on the place later owned by Cornelius Vandenburg, and on the highway leading from La Fayette to Jamesville, as subsequently laid out, and from it he supplied his neighbors with apples for several years. It produced large quantities of fruit until near the middle of this century, when it went to decay. On lots 76 and 91, in Sherman Hollow, was another old Indian orchard, when the Shermans, James Pierce, and Solomon Owen settled there, and one of the early enter prises in that locality was raising nursery stock for the settlers, even for Otisco and other remote towns, from seeds of the Indian apple trees. The second settler was Comfort Rounds, who came in 1792 and took up his residence about two miles north of the center of the town. He was a plain and pious man and attained the great age of 105 years. The first marriage was that of Solomon Owen to Lois Rounds Com fort's daughter, in 1793, at which time Owen settled in Sherman Hollow. In 1792, also, William Haskins located on and gave his name THE TOWN OF LA FAYETTE. 963 to Haskins Hill. The same year Daniel Danforth arrived and cleared and improved the farm later occupied by his nephew, Thomas Danforth. Another prominent settler of 1792 was Asa Drake, of the fourth gen eration from Benjamin Drake, who migrated from England to America in 1680. Asa Drake was born near Boston, Mass., December 13, 1765, and first visited this section in 1785, when he purchased of Capt. Elisha Harvey one-half of the latter's lot, No. 24, upon which he permanently located in 1794, bringing with him from the east a considerable store of household and other necessities. February 11, 1799, he married Experience Esty and they had six daughters and two sons. In 1806 he built a large frame barn and in 1811 a commodious brick house, the brick for which were burned on his own land, and which is still stand ing. Honest, hospitable, and enterprising, he was long an influential citizen, active in church and school affairs, and died here at the age of eighty-three. His grandchildren are Mrs. Martha Sherwood Edwards and Asa L. Sherwood, of Skaneateles, and the late wife of Gen. R. M. Richardson, of Syracuse, a daughter of the late Hon. Thomas Sher wood, of Jamesville. Another grandson, Capt. John Drake, son of the late E. Stephen Drake, of Jordan, was killed at Gettysburg, while lead ing his company in the 111th N. Y. Vols. In 1793 James Sherman located in and gave his name to Sherman Hollow, in the east part of the town; he kept a tavern in his house and soon afterward built the first saw mill in La Fayette on Butternut Creek. From the time of his arrival the itinerant M. E. preachers found a wel come and a shelter at his home and a willing helper in the person of his wife, Lucina Sherman, They were the parents of Dr. J. De B. Sherman, a prominent physician of Pompey Hill, and of Joseph Sher man, who served as justice of the peace from 1 830 to 1840. Among the settlers of 1794 were Isaac and Elias Conklin, John Hotaling, Amaziah Branch, Benjamin June, James Pierce, Samuel Hyatt, Amasa Wright, and Reuben Bryan. The Conklins located on Conklin's Brook, which was named from them, and on which they soon erected a saw mill and in 1798 a grist mill, which is said to have been the first in the town (then Pompey). Amaziah Branch was a Con- gregationalist from Norwich, Conn., and had studied for the ministry, but was not licensed to preach. Nevertheless, being a man of piety, he held religious meetings in private houses and barns for several years, and was the first school teacher in town. He located in Sherman Hol low and died about 1818. Benjamin June, of French descent, was a 964 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Revolutionary soldier, as was also Samuel Humphrey of later date, and both were pioneers. Mr. Bryan was the father of Hon. John A. Bryan, who served in the State Legislature, was assistant postmaster- general under President Tyler's administration, chargd-des-affaires to Peru, and auditor of the State of Ohio. The first death within the present town was that of Major Moses De Witt, whose, remains are buried near the Jamesville reservoir, between the highway and the railroad track. His grave is marked by a time-wrecked tombstone, which bears the following inscription : Here lies the remains of Moses De Witt, Major of Miltia, and Judge of the County Courts, one of the first, most active and useful settlers of the county. He was born on the 15th day of October, 1766, and died on the 15th day of August, 1794, being nearly 28 years of age. The early settlers found the present town of La Fayette a somewhat attractive and picturesque section, covered with dense forests of hem lock, maple, beech, birch, pine, basswood, ash, etc. , which supplied abundant timber for building and other purposes and long afforded lucrative employment to numerous saw mills and lumbermen. Several water privileges were utilized, even before the opening of the present century, and proved valuable auxiliaries in developing the natural re sources, not only of this town, but of adjacent territory. Wild game abounded and often harassed the settlements, but for many years bounties were offered for the destruction of certain animals, such as wild cats, wolves and bears. Stories of adventure are still extant, not ably one in which Dr. Silas Park figured as a hero, when one of the party was so thoroughly frightened at sight of a huge bear that he actually tumbled down hill and fired his gun in the tree tops. Paul King and Erastus Baker killed a large wolf in Christian Hollow near the Tully line, while George King slew another in the vicinity of Suy- denham Baker's, near the present village of La Fayette. As the for ests receded agriculture superseded nearly all other interests. The soil, composed of calcareous loam intermixed with vegetable mold, proved very productive and easy of cultivation, even -on the highest hills. In various parts of the town iron ore, petrifactions, corals, shells, and other deposits were brought to light, while in several places sul phur springs, some, of them emitting sulphureted hydrogen gas, have been discovered and sometimes used mechanically. These springs were often favorite deer-licks in early days. Early in 1795 Michael Christian, a Revolutionary soldier who had drawn lot 18, Tully, arranged with Phineas Henderson, his neighbor THE TOWN OF LA FAYETTE. 965 in New Jersey, agreeing to give him 100 acres of his grant if he would build on it and begin a clearing. Henderson came in the spring with his wife, one child, horse, cow, and some household goods, built a log house, and commenced making improvements. His location was about a. mile south of the Tully and La Fayette town line. In a few years Christian came to settle on his claim, but first sold the land improved by Henderson and offered the latter another 100 acres on an undesir able portion of the same lot. From Christian is derived the name of Christian Hollow, which extends northward into this town. In 1795 Ebenezer Hill became a settler in the north part of the town. He was a man of powerful physique, a noted hunter, and on one occa sion killed a wolf in Christian Hollow for which he received a State bounty of $18. Among other settlers in or before 1800 were Col. Jere miah Gould, Gen. Isaac Hall, Lemuel Smith, aud Erastus Baker. Col onel Gould erected the first frame house in the town in 1800. General Hall arrived before that year from Great Barrington, Mass. , and settled one mile south of La Fayette village, where he built the second frame dwelling in 1801. It is said that he brought hither a half bushel of sil ver dollars, and for some time was the wealthiest man in all the region. He purchased about 1,200 acres of land, gave his attention to raising stock, and at his death in 1830 left some $70, 000 worth of property. It was his custom to let cows, sheep, etc. , to his neighbors to double. Lemuel Smith was the first blacksmith in the village of La Fayette in 1800 and died there in 1817. His shop occupied the site of the Pres byterian church. He was the father of Rev. Marcus Smith. Deacon Erastus Baker was the father of Charles A. Baker, who was born in Lenox, Mass., in 1798, came here with his parents in 1800, and died in Syracuse in 1881. During the first decade of the town's history little effort was made towards the establishment of passable roads except what became abso lutely necessary from time to time in connecting the several communi ties. Improvised thoroughfares were opened to Danforth's at Onon daga, to Pompey Hill, to Jamesville, and perhaps to a few other nearby points, but it was not until the first years of this century that regular highways were laid out. The settlers arrived mainly over the Indian trail from Utica, previous to the construction of the turnpike, and for some time found their way, through the forests by means of blazed trees. Grain was carried long distances to mill on a man's shoulders or on horseback, and mail and household necessities were brought in 966 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL, and distributed in the same manner. The first routes of travel and many of the subsequent roads nearly or quite conformed to the original Indian trails, which traversed the town in all directions. In 1801 a State road from Cazenovia to Skaneateles, passing through La Fayette Square, as it was then called, and Cardiff, was surveyed and opened, and Colonel Olcott, the surveyor, was suddenly taken sick and died at the house of Erastus Baker. About this same time an epidemic of small-pox ravaged the region, causing a number of deaths in the town. This road afforded the first important means of communication with distant centers of population, and was long the scene of considerable activity. The year 1802 brought to the town of La Fayette many valuable set tlers, among whom were Clark Bailey and his wife Sarah, with several sons and one daughter, several of them married. They came from Rhode Island, and brought thither a fair property. Clark and his son Richard settled on lot 88 in this town, and the other sorts on lot 8, now of Tully. The father laid out, donated, and dedicated the cemetery near by; his son Stephen opened a tavern, 'and soon built and managed the large hotel so long a place of exchange for stages between Syra cuse and Cortland ; John conducted a general store and an ashery, both much needed and prized by the inhabitants, and Richard built and placed in operation the saw and grist mills now known as the Tully Valley mills. The south slope of the hill known as Bear Mountain, on the west side of Christian Hollow, was infested with rattlesnakes, and for many years a party of a dozen or less, generally under direction of Richard Bailey, a skilled hunter, would go to the mountain on a warm summer day in May and carefully examine the flat slabs of stone for snakes, and when one was out in the sun often others were found under loose stones. On one hunt fifteen of the poisonous reptiles were slain. The last one cap tured in that vicinity was by Solomon White in 1854. The opening of the Cazenovia and Skaneateles State road in 1801 was the signal for the systematic laying out of the then hamlet of La Fayette Square, now La Fayette. Upon all sides and upon the site thriving settlers were rapidly subduing the wilderness, and the natural consequence was the founding of a centrally located trading point. In accordance with an old New England custom, Caleb Green and Erastus Baker donated a plot of ground for a public square, which Dr. Silas W. Park cleared of its virginal forest. Around this the village was built THE TOWN OF LA FAYETTE. 967 up. Johnson Hall, son of Gen. Isaac Hall, and Harvey G. Andrews, his partner and brother-in-law, were among the earliest merchants, their store being a part of the present Presbyterian parsonage, and situated on that corner. Dr. Park, who practiced medicine here dur ing his lifetime, lived on the southwest corner of the cross-roads, near where George L. Hoyt resides, while diagonally opposite stood the famous tavern of Orange King, in front of which was conspicuously displayed a sign board with " O King" painted upon it in large letters. This old hostelry was preceded by an inn kept by a Mr. Cheney, as was also the store of Hall & Andrews, by a small mercantile affair opened by Rice & Hill about 1802. In 1803 Thomas Baker settled in Sherman Hollow, and about the same time Amos Palmeter located a mile south of the village. In 1804 came Joseph and Lemuel Baker, of whom the former very soon went on to Otisco and the latter to the far west. The Baker family has long been a prominent one in the town, and much of their landed property is still vested in the name. James, Joseph, and Asa McMillen, brothers, and carpenters, settled about a mile north of the Square at a very early day. Joseph and James built the first frame hotel in La Fayette, which was kept by Stoughton Morse, and which succeeded a log tavern kept by James Higgins. Morse also had a small store, while William Farren was an early blacksmith. Another pioneer carpenter and joiner was Nathaniel Sterling, who built the Baptist church at Pompey Hill, and the Presbyterian edifice in La Fayette village ; took an active part in religious and educational matters, and died in Connecticut. Among the pioneers in the northeast part of the town were Isaac Keeler, Col. Jeremiah Gould, Elkanah Hine and Noah Hoyt (on the farm later occupied by George Bishop), Joel Canfield, Job Andrews, Ezekiel Hoyt, Minnah Hyatt, Ebenezer Carr, Joshua Slocum (where E. V. W. Dox subsequently lived), and Calojius Vinell. In the west part were such settlers as Samuel Coleman, Nathan Park, Ozias and Zenas Northway (tavernkeepers), John and Archibald Garfield, Grandus Cuddeback (whose wife was a niece of Maj. Moses De Witt), William Sniffen, Hendrick Upperhousen, and John Hill. The last two men tioned were Hessian soldiers, who were captured from the British army in the war of the Revolution. In the south part of La Fayette were Gen. Isaac Hall and Amos Palmeter (previously mentioned), Jacob Johnson and son Jacob, William Alexander, Capt. Joseph C. Howe (on what was later the Cole farm), Abner and Rufus Kinney, Peter Abbott, 968 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Elijah Hall, and Obadiah Johnson. In the vicinity of La Fayette vil lage there were the Bakers — Erastus, Thomas, Seth, and Suydenham — all prominent men from Massachusetts, Joseph Smith, Jeremiah Fuller, Daniel Share, Mr. Paine, Dr. Silas W. Park, Joseph S. and Daniel Cole, John Carlisle, Caleb Green, Orange King, Joseph Rhoades, Gershom Richardson, and Paul King. These settlers, imbued as they were with sterling Christian princi ples, early planted the standard of religious worship among the several communities. The arrival of James and Lucina Sherman in 1793 and of Amaziah Branch, a zealous school teacher and gospel worker, in 1794, was the first impulse given to the inception and growth of local Chris tianity, and from that time onward itinerant missionaries held occa sional services in barns, private dwellings, and school houses. Between 1798 and 1805 the central ridge, extending north and south near the center of the town, was settled by a cultured class of citizens largely from Massachusetts. On the 14th of October, 1805, the Columbian Congregational Society was organized. In October, 1809, the Con gregational church (now Presbyterian) of La Fayette was formed by Rev. Benjamin Bell at the tavern of Stoughton Morse where the Tem perance House afterward stood. The society consisted of Deacon Noah Hoyt, Deacon Nathan Abbott, Ezekiel and Philander Hoyt, Polly and Mary Hoyt, Anna and Sally Baker, Apollos Hewitt, Esther Maxwell, Corrinna Abbott, Achsah Johnson, Rebecca Bates, Anna Hewitt, and Sally Danforth. Other early members were the Halls, Porters, and Coles. In 1819-20 a church was erected, to which a session house was added in 1846. The latter was replaced in 1861 by a similar structure costing $1,000, which has also been used as a town hall. The site was donated by Capt. Joseph Rhoades and Erastus Baker. The property is still owned by the Columbian society; the church has been under the "plan of union" since 1808, and the name Congregational was main tained until August 24, 1884, when the First Presbyterian church of La Fayette succeeded. Early in this century a Methodist Episcopal church was organized and a house of worship erected about a mile east of Onativia Station. In 1853 the site was changed and the edifice moved to and rebuilt near that hamlet, where it remains fully equipped for church work. Among those early prominent in this society were Rev. H. A. Case, Enoch Everingham, Lyman Bush, Charles Johnson, Thomas Weller, Lucina Sherman, and Rev. E. M. Mills, D.D. who served as its pastor for three years. THE TOWN OF LA FAYETTE. 969 The war of 1812-15 spread no little excitement among the settlers of this town, yet they were sufficiently distant from the actual scenes of conflict as to escape . the trials which disturbed the more contiguous communities. Richard Bailey, who was captain of infantry for the then west half of Pompey, was twice called out with his command on alarms — once from Oswego, when the company proceeded as far as Oswego Falls, and once from Sackett's Harbor, when ' they reached Ellisburg, some fifteen miles beyond the Salmon River. The sword owned and carried by Captain Bailey is now the property of his grand daughter, Mrs. Rose Rude, of Minnesota. Closely following this war like struggle came the celebrated " cold season " of 1816, which proved so disastrous everywhere to all growing crops and caused wide-spread suffering to both man and beast. Succeeding years, however, revived general prosperity, which has continued almost uninterruptedly down to the present time. Among the first settlers , in Tully Valley, which extends northward into this town, were Clark Bailey and his family from Rhode Island. Regular religious meetings were soon instituted, being often held under the direction of "Aunt Sally,'' a zealous Baptist, as Mrs. Bailey was then called. In 1818 this Baptist group united with others from Tully vil lage and Vesper in constituting the Tully Baptist church and erecting a house of worship at Tully Center. In 1835 a church of thirty-seven members, nearly all from this society, was organized in Tully Valley as the First Baptist Church of La Fayette and held services in a school house near the Tully Valley mills. The pastors were Rev. Randolph Streeter seven years, Rev. Barton Capron two years, and Rev. A. R. Palmer, then a licentiate, about three years. The names prominent on the records of the church are Gaylord, Haynes, Irish, Palmer, and Shue. Both Streeter and Palmer were in great request as teachers of public schools. The church never owned any real estate, and although receiving double the number of new members that it had to begin with, yet in eleven years its membership was diminished owing to a decrease in the population and the settlement of the younger element in other places; so in 1846 the society disbanded, most of the members joining churches either at Tully or Vesper. By the year 1825 the territory under consideration contained about 2,400 inhabitants, and embraced not only the thirty-two lots of town ship No. 10. Pompey, as previously noticed, but also twenty-two smaller lots which had been purchased by the State from the Onondaga Indian 123 970 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Reservation— lots 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, about 4,000 acres, on the east side, on February 25, 1817, and lots 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, 800 acres, from the south end, February 11, 1822. All these lots were sold by the State to white settlers, and excepting the two tracts named the town never comprehended, for civil, judicial, and administrative purposes, any part of the Reservation as originally defined. On the 25th of April, 1825, the State Legislature created the present town of La Fayette by passing the subjoined act : That from and after the second Monday in March next, all that part of the town of Pompey lying west of a line running north and south, on the east line of lots num ber 3, 15, 25, 36, 46, 62, 77, and 92, together with so much of Onondaga as lies south of a line running east and west on the north line of lots number 13, 14, and 15 of the State's purchase of the Onondaga Indians in 1817, and through a portion of land now owned by said Indians to a line running north and south on the west line of lots number 1 and 4 of the State's purchase of the aforesaid Indians in 1822, shall be and the same is hereby erected into a separate town, by the name of La Fayette. Why the south half of the Onondaga Reservation, embracing about 6,400 acres of land, was included within the bounds of this town, as the above law clearly shows, has never been explained, but in following the lines as defined by that act it has always received such recognition by writers, historians, and mapmakers. It is known, however, that the portion of the Reservation alluded to has never been legally considered as a civil part of La Fayette, but has continually existed under the ju risdiction of the State. The present civil town, therefore, contains about 22,200 acres of land, and is bounded on the east by Pompey, on the north by Dewitt, Onondaga, and the Reservation, on the west by Onondaga, the Reservation and Otisco, and on the south by Otisco, Tully, and Fabius. It was named in honor of the Marquis de Marie Jean Paul Roch Yves Gilbert Motier La Fayette, the distinguished general, and friend of Washington during the Revolutionary war, who visited the Onondaga country in June, 1825. The first town meeting was held at the house of Johnson Hall in La Fayette village, on March 14, 1826, thirteen months after the passage of the foregoing act, and Charles Jackson acted a's chairman. The first officers elected were: Charles Jackson, supervisor ; Johnson Hall, town clerk ; Epenetus Hoyt, George Northway, and Thomas Newell, assessors ; David Campbell, Freeman Northway, and Nathaniel Sterling, commissioners of highways; Willard Farrington and Eben ezer Coleman, overseers of the poor; Noah Hoyt, jr., Asa Farrington, and Freeman Northway, constables ; Asa Farrington, collector ; Ezra Dyer, Chauncey Williams, and John Spencer, commissioners of common schools ; Pitt Dyer, Rial Wright, and S. If, CLARK. THE TOWN OF LA FAYETTE. 971 George Northway, inspectors of common schools; Cornelius Vandenburg, John S. Fort, Edmund Morse, James Gould, Erastus Baker, Ebenezer Coleman, Joseph- S. Cole, John P. King, Charles Jackson, 2d, Charles Johnson, Hiram Gilbert, George Northway, Harry Avery, Charles I. Davis, John Talbot, William Westcott, Anson W. Jackson, Ichabod Smith, Grandus Cuddeback, Harry Reed, Joseph Ackles, Sam uel Hoyt, Ira Dodge, Simeon Larkin, William Dean, John Sniffen, John Whitney, Levi Mayhew, and Thomas C. Safford, overseers of highways. These names suggest many prominent early settlers, not hitherto mentioned, while the subsequent list of supervisors contains others of equal worth and enterprise. At this meeting the town voted $300 for the support of the poor and $200 for the support of common schools, and designated Ebenezer Coleman as poundkeeper. At the next town meeting, and for several years thereafter but $150 were appropriated for school purposes. The supervisors of La Fayette have been as follows : Charles Jackson, 1826; Johnson Hall, 1827-31; Charles Jackson, January, 1832, to February, 1832, in place of Jackson, resigned; John B. Miller, 1832; John Spencer, 1833-35 ; Johnson Hall, 1836 ; John Spencer, 1837-38; Conradt G. Houghtailing, 1839- 40; Epenetus Hoyt, 1841; Hiram Gilbert, 1842, Jesse Fuller, 1843-46; Samuel A. Keen, 1847-48; Joel Fuller, 1849; Jesse Fuller, 1850; Valentine Baker, 1851-52; Na than Park, 1853; Robert Park, 1854; Joel Fuller, 1855; Samuel A. Keen, 1856; Caleb B. Jackson, 1857-58; Calvin Cole, 1859-60; Elijah Park, 1861-63 ; Barzilla L. Cole man, 1864; John M. Conklin, 1865-66; Charles Hiscock, 1867-72; Avery R. Palmer, 1873-74; George W. Mclntyre, 1875-78; Avery R. Palmer, 1879; George W. Mcln tyre ; 1880-81 ; George L. Hoyt, elected November, 1881, to fill vacancy, and re elected in February, 1882 ; Homer Case, 1883 ; Willis Alexander, 1884 ; Homer Case, 1885; Frank J. Farrington, 1886-89; Nicholas Aungier, 1890; Henry L. Cole, 1891; Seneca E. Clark, 1892-95. The year 1825 was otherwise eventful in the town's history from the fact that it witnessed the opening of the Erie Canal through Syracuse. That great waterway, although passing some little distance to the north, imparted a new impulse to the growth and prosperity of this section, which had now been largely divested of its heavier forests and more uninviting wilderness conditions. In the same year the Ebenezer Methodist Episcopal church of Cardiff was organized and a house of worship erected, which, in 1857, was burned. A new edifice was im mediately built at a cost of $2,400, and dedicated in December under the pastorship of Rev. D. W. Bristol, D. D. The church is now in a prosperous condition. Another former pastor was Rev. J. P. Newman, D. D. , while not a few persons prominent as missionaries, preachers, and teachers began their religious life here. Among the original or early promoters of the society were John Spencer, Usual Coleman, 972 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Benjamin D. Sniffen, Grandus Cuddeback, Annanias Westcott, Reuben Wright, John Bottle, and the Park and Stearns families. About 1826 the Reformed Methodist church of La Fayette was constituted at Webb Hollow, two miles northwesterly from the village. For many years it had no edifice, but held services in school houses and private dwellings and quarterly meetings in barns. Among its pastors were Revs. James Bailey, Foster Bailey, W. J. Bailey, and Albert Taylor. The society became extinct about 1885, and its house of worship, nearly new, and in good order, passed under control of the Wesleyan branch of the Methodist church. In 1836 the town contained two grist mills, sixteen saw mills, three tanneries, two fulling mills, three carding machines, three asheries, fifteen school districts, and 819 school children, while ten years later there were four grist mills, eighteen saw mills, two fulling mills, two carding machines, two tanneries, one ashery, one clover mill, five taverns, four stores, seven manufactories, sixty-six mechanics, four physicians, 392 farmers, five merchants, 204 militia, 606 voters, thirteen common schools, 737 school children, and 16,857 acres of improved land. The census of 1860 gave 18,004 acres of improved land, 481 dwellings, 473 families, 365 freeholders, twelve school districts, 783 school children, 811 horses, 2,082 cows and other cattle, 3,359 sheep, 1,382 swine, 4,862 bushels of winter wheat, 133,968 bushels spring wheat, 2,528 tons hay, 15,291 bushels potatoes, 36,368 bushels apples, 114,382 pounds butter,_ 6,915 pounds cheese, 606 yards domestic cloth, and real estate valued at $516,045, and personal property at $59,925. The town now has nine school districts and about 375 school chil dren. On April 23, 1836, the La Fayette High School was incorpo rated for the purpose of furnishing a higher education to the youth of the locality. A brick school house was built by Asahel Smith, but after a few years the institution declined and ceased to exist under its corporate privileges, and the building became a dwelling house. About 1838 the hamlet of Cardiff, nearly at the head of the Onondaga valley, began to assume some activity as a business center. The Syra cuse and Tully turnpike, chartered April 16, 1827, and re-chartered in April, 1831, had given it existence, and in 1839 John F. Card erected a large grist mill, which was operated by water power. About 1862 it became the property of Edward Voigt, who added a saw mill and steam power, and in March, 1877, the establishment passed to George Der- mon, under whom it was burned in April, 1878. Since then another grist mill has been erected near the village. Mr. Card also had a store and distillery, and for many years was a leading man. When a name for the hamlet and post-office was sought some favored perpetuating his memory by such designations as Cardville, Cardbury, etc. John THE TOWN OF LA FAYETTE. 973 Spencer, of great influence, and a former citizen of England, suggested Cardiff, from a thriving city in Wales, which was adopted. Here in early days were Isaac Garfield, sr. , tavernkeeper ; Arnold Woodard, merchant; John Spencer, tanner and shoemaker; Volney Houghton, wagonmaker ; and now Henry W. Mclntyre and George Bennett, mer chants, and Sabra Park, widow of Robert Park, a soldier in the Rebel lion, postmaster. Onondaga Creek was long the scene of great activ ity, as far as grist and saw mills, a tannery, and the distillery were con cerned. It was on the farm of "Stubb" Newell, about one mile south west of Cardiff, that the celebrated "Cardiff Giant" was unearthed in 1869. For many weeks the whole country was agitated over that great uncouth statue, which was cut from gypsum in Fort Dodge, Iowa, shipped here and buried, "discovered" while digging a well that New ell had ordered, and foisted upon the public as a petrifaction centuries old. Thousands of dollars were paid by the people to see the mon strous fraud. Many early settlers have been named in the preceding pages, but the names of other pioneers and residents of La Fayette may be briefly noticed at this point : In the east part of the town there also lived before 1840 Frederick Gilbert and his father, Samuel Kean, John Davis, Enoch and Jeremiah Everingham, George and Clinton Whitman, Samuel Sherwood, Cornelius and Andrew Vandenburg (Andrew being a Universalist preacher), Edmund Morse, LeanderHine and others of the name, Charles and Stephen Drake, John Dox, Joel Canfield, Bethuel Shepard (son of Samuel), Joel Morton, James Clute, Amos and Nathaniel Gage, Albert Becker (father of James), Eldert Vandenburg, Lewis O. Hill, Charles Hoyt (son of Isaac), Valen tine Baker (father of Daniel and George), Charles I. Davis, Daniel Share (father of Jere. miah, William, and Andrew), Calvin and Luther Cole (in Collingwood), Joseph and Henry R. Cole, and the families of Gould, Bush, Hotaling, Miller, Sherman, Rounds, Hoyt and others. In the west part there were Augustinus Shue and his three sons, Peter, Matthew, and John, who came from Esopus, Ulster county, in 1808, and settled on lot 88. They brought two colored servants, Jack and Phoebe. On the marriage of the youngest daughter Phoebe was added to the wedding gifts, while Jack was given to the youngest son John, with whom the old people also lived. Phoebe died about 1850, but Jack lived until 1880, and on the fine granite family monument in the Cardiff cemetery is this inscription: "Jack, 27 years a slave in the State of New York." The Shues brought with them several implements of husbandry and books that were manufac tured in Germany and Holland. The illustrated Bible of Mrs. Shue, with maps and notes, is'now the property of a grandson, Avery P. Shue, of Garfield avenue, in Syra cuse. There were also D welly Spaulding and Jacobs. HoUenbeck, William Savery and Henry Pierce, millers ; Joseph Hill, L. L. Benjamin and Arby A. Payne, blacksmiths; and Ebenezer Coleman (father of Barzilla), Russell Green (father of Clark), Joel and 974 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Jesse Fuller, Asel King, Bennett Wooster, Peter Abbott (father of James and John), Ezra Knapp, Charles Jackson (a justice of the peace and father of Caleb and Charles jr.), Turpin Green, and the Ackles, Garfield, Stearns, Seeley, Woodmansee, Northway, Winchell, Baker (Seth, Erastus, Suydenham, Thomas, Lewis, Chester, Quartus, Morris, Luther, Charles A., Rodney, Porter, Dwight, Lyman, and King), Samuel, Hall, and Danforth families. In the village of La Fayette were such settlers as Dorus Porter, (cabinetmaker), Mr. Smith (tailor), Nathaniel Sterling (who built the Presbyterian church), Asahel King (tanner and shoemaker), and Reuben and John King (sons of 'Squire King). Johnson Hall was member of assembly in 1829 and 1830, sheriff in 1832, and assistant judge of the county in 1838. George W. Mclntyre was for two terms county superintendent of the poor. Hiram Gilbert was the first or one of the first justices of the peace, and Abiel Davidson was elected to that office in 1831. Epenetus Hoyt was the father of Harrison Hoyt, the well-known criminal lawyer of Syracuse. Ebenezer Coleman was also justice of sessions. Albert Becker, born in Half Moon, Saratoga county, in 1797, came here in 1828. His son Daniel became a prominent jeweler in Syracuse, and another son, James, is one of the leading citizens of this town. Jacob C. Wilcox was born here in 1814 and died in 1893. Other early settlers were John Shaw (grandfather of George), Mr. Webb (in Webb Hollow, grandfather of Emery Webb), John Morse, Eli Cook (proprietor of a saw mill about one mile east of La Fayette), Joseph Thomas (born in 1797, came here in 1817, and died in 1865, brother of Harrison and Albert), and Avery F. Palmer, who was born in Stonington, Conn., in 1795, came to this section with his father, Rowland, in 1815, married Sarah, daughter of Capt. Richard Bailey, in 1819, and died in 1873. His son, Dr. Stewart B. Palmer, is one of the oldest and leading dentists in Syracuse, while another son, Rev. Avery R. Palmer, of Collingwood, is the oldest Baptist pastor in the county. The latter was at one time superintendent of the penitentiary and has filled various offices of trust. In La Fayette village there have been such physicians as Drs. Elijah Park, Squires, Rial Wright, Ward Bassett, Elijah Park (son of Silas W. and nephew of Elijah), and Lyman Rose. Dr. Silas W. Park practiced his profession here till his death, as did also his son Elijah, who died about 1872. Dr. Rose died here in 1867. Among the merchants may be mentioned Dr. Williams and son Chauncey, whose residence and store were combined; Dunning & Yelverton, just south THE TOWN OF LA FAYETTE. 975 of the present hotel; Andrews & Hall (George W. Hall), of whom Mr. Hall died in Michigan in 1895 ; and Philander Trowbridge. Milton S. Price, later the merchant prince of Syracuse, began his mercantile career in this village, occupying the old store of Andrews & Hall, which forms part of the present hotel. He was followed by his brother, Edwin Price, Charles G. Robinson, George W. Mclntyre, and James J. Conan. The first drug store was started by Dr. Charles A. Gillett. The third store was kept in what is now the Odd Fellows Hall by Asahel Palmer. Still another was opened by Willis C. Newell, now kept by James and Michael Crow. The post-office was kept in the Andrews & Hall store for many years. Later postmasters were Chester Baker, George W. Mclntyre, JohnCary, Asahel Palmer, James J. Conan, and James Crowe. Stephen Weller was long a wagonmaker in the Thomas district, so-called from Joseph Thomas, who owned a large farm there. After, Harvey Robinson had a wagon shop and also made grain cradles. Among the blacksmiths were Morris Clapp, Arthur Westcott, John Matthews, and Jacob Eckert. The school house here was burned October 29, 1894. In 1854 the Syracuse and Binghamton Railroad was opened through the town, with a station known as La Fayette, afterward Onatavia, about one-half mile east of La Fayette village, and the stage business of former years practically ceased. The railroad, while bringing agri cultural interests into closer touch with distant markets, drew much of the trade from the villages of La Fayette and Cardiff, yet these centers continued to maintain quite a thrifty activity even if they failed to in crease in size. Around Onatavia a small and scattered settlement sprang up. The Union armies during the war of the Rebellion from 1861 to 1865 contained many brave and patriotic soldiers from La Fayette, which promptly responded to the several calls with both money and men. The record made by the town in that memorable struggle shines in his tory with imperishable splendor. By this period the hamlet of Collingwood had sprung into active ex istence, mainly through the operation of the Collingwood grist, flouring and saw mills, which were established by Calvin Cole about 1838. They passed in 1862 to A. R. Palmer and in 1876 to J. D. Palmer, the present proprietor, who is also postmaster. Gilbert Vandenburg also has a store here and A. W. Cole a carriage factory. Among the various industries of the town is the old Webb saw and 976 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. grist mill in Webb Hollow, owned by Ira West ; the saw mill of Ira French, south of Cardiff ; the grist mill on Conklin's Brook, operated by Milton Conklin; the saw mill of Daniel Woodford, in the same locality; and the Tully Valley mills, conducted successively by Roswell P. Loomis, Franklin Loomis, and Gideon Seeley. » For several years the Roman Catholics of the town held services in a hall in* La Fayette village, and in 1888 St. Joseph's church was erected there under the pastoral charge of Father Michael O'Reilley. It is now used by a large congregation under Father J. V. Simmons, of Pompey. About 1888 the Syracuse Water Company projected the construction of a reservoir for supplying the, city with water by building a dam 120 feet in height across the narrows at Indian Hill, north of Cardiff. The valley above was surveyed and extensive borings were made in the west hill with a view to ascertaining its formation and safety for the anchorage of a dam. This investigation showed the hill to be com posed wholly of " drift " material, while the east side was solid shale. Eight feet beneath the surface of the earth, on a line across the nar rows, a perfectly flat bed of rock in place was found. These discov eries were of geological interest, since they contributed valuable in formation respecting the theory that the Susquehanna River at one time flowed through the Onondaga Valley, before the Tully hills were formed. The project of a reservoir was, however, abandoned when municipal ownership of the Syracuse water works became an estab lished fact. The population of La Fayette has been of follows: In 1825, about 2,400; in 1830, 2,560; 1835, 2,592; 1840, 2,600; 1845, 2,527; 1850, 2,532; 1855,2,340; 1860, 2,537; 1865, 2,397; 1870, 2,233; 1875, 2,192; 1880, 2,160; 1890, 1,874; 1892, 1,702. THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 977 CHAPTER XLV. THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. Around the northern end of the beautiful lake that makes conspicu ous and adorns the southwestern part of Onondaga county, there clus ters a mass of interesting history, its beginning antedating even the era of white settlement. During its aboriginal occupancy this region was a favorite resort of the Indians, a hunting and fishing place often sought by the Onondagas from the east and the Cayugas and Senecas from the west. Its picturesque scenery and geographical advantages, together with the convenience of its situation on the famous Indian trail over which the great Seneca turnpike was afterwards constructed, made it a much traversed locality by the nearby Iroquois. These same attractions also called hither a most desirable class of white pio neers during the closing years of the eighteenth century. The territory of Skaneateles was embraced in military township No. 9 (Marcellus), and in the civil town of the same name when Onondaga county was organized in 1794. It includes what were military lots Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 27, 28, 29, 30, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 44, 45, 50, 51, 52, 57, 58, 59, 60, 65, 66, 67, 72, 73, 84, 85, 86, and 87. These lots were drawn by the following persons for service in the war of the Revolution : 1, Stephen Baker; 2, John Shepard; 3, Edward Bear; 4, John Moore; 5, William Yarrington; 10, Benjamin Herring (ensign) ; 11, William Lodder; 12, John Gilbert; 13, John Gross ; 18, Jerome Hogelandt ; 19, reserved for gospels, schools, etc. ; 20, Volkert Dow ; 21, Thomas Moore ; 22, reserved for gospel, schools, etc. ; 27, Henry Burrance; 28, Samuel Higby; 29, Samuel Parsons; 30, Thomas Jones; 35, Kenneth Campbell; 36, John Simonds; 37, Capt. John Doughty; 38, Lieut. George Dennis- ton; 39, William Gillaspee; 44, John Shultz; 45, Ephraim Blowers; 50 and 51, re served for gospel, schools, etc. ; 52, Lieut. Hiel Peck; 57, Benjamin Beebe (or Boan erges) ; 58, Peter I. Vosburgh (captain) ; 59, Capt. Jacob Reed ; 66, Henry Luke ; 65, Joseph Halstead; 66, David Pembroke; 67, Jacob Weeks; 72, Peter Sherman; 73, John Brown; 84, John Martin; 85, Robert Casey; 86, Dennis McPeck; 87, Lieut. Henry Dessendorph. In common with those who drew lots in other towns of this county, m 978 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. only one or two of the grantees became settlers on their lands ; nearly all sold their claims for trifling returns. To the few grantees who ever saw the region in its wilderness condition it probably presented few attractions of a practical nature; while it might have been beautiful to the lover of nature, the soldier fresh from the wars or the home-seeker in quest of a place where he could quickly secure a living could not have been very favorably impressed with the prospect. The region was covered with a heavy growth of pine and hemlock forest, which in the lowlands was intermingled with thick underbrush, demanding long and arduous toil to clear and fit it for cultivation. The soil was good, consisting largely of rich sandy and clayey loam, but its character was not well understood by the early comers. They settled mostly on the hills, believing the lowlands would prove to be unhealthy, and that the making of roads there would be difficult. The surface of the town is moderately hilly, rising from the lake shore to a height of from 200 to 500 feet. According to recent surveys the lake itself lies at an altitude of 860 feet above tide water, while Giles Hill rises 1,265 feet, Hoxie Hill 1,198 feet, and Seeley Hill 1,109 feet above sea level. Geograph ically Skaneateles is the southern town on the west line of the county. It takes its name from that of the lake, an Indian name, Skeh-ne-a-iles, which signifies "very long lake," but which by some authorities is said to mean "beautiful squaw," and is supposed to have been derived from the family of a powerful chief who, in legend, lived on the site of Man- dana village with his six wives, several sons, and an only daughter. On very old French maps this lake is recorded as " Lac Scaneateatdle. " The town was erected from Marcellus on the 26th of February, 1830, and on March 18, 1840, a small part of Spafford was annexed, making the present area 23,600 acres. The town records were burned in 1835, which fact precludes the possibility of quoting from them any items of interest respecting the earlier years of the town's history. John Thompson, a Scotchman, has always received the credit of making the first permanent white settlement within the present limits of this town, but painstaking research has developed the fact that that honor probably belongs to Abraham A. Cuddeback, who arrived here with his wife and eight children from Minisink, N. Y., on July 14, 1794, after a journey of forty-three days. Clark and others state that Thompson came in with his family in 1793 and located on lot 18, on the Colonel Lamb farm, near the Cayuga county line, receiving his land as compensation for his services while employed in establishing the nS-ty S.-fCC-aTirA *'.'..¦&• Y- )QAA/Uaaa,0^ DWl/1— CLAA- THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 979 boundaries between New York and Pennsylvania and three successive summers spent in surveying on the Military Tract under Moses De Witt. He also paid five shillings sterling, and his deed is recorded in the county clerk's office in 1794, his tract comprising fifty acres. He was the owner of military lands in adjoining towns, as shown by the records, for several years following this date, and in all his deeds resi dence is given as being in Stillwater, Saratoga county. On October 12, 1801, he purchased a part of lot 88 in Camillus, which he sold on Octo ber 2, 1806. In 1810 is recorded: "John Thompson and Charlora Adams of Marcellus, administrators of the goods arid chatties, rights and credits, of David Groom of Marcellus." June 15, 1819, "John Thompson, of the township of Stillwater," sold a tract of land to Nathan Thompson, of Galway. January 12, 1821, he entered his name for the first time as being "of the town of Marcellus," and sold to Joseph Foster, for $2,090, about .105 acres of lots 18 and 35, in what is now Skaneateles. This same tract was sold by Foster on March 2, 1825, to Joseph Porter and Samuel Jacacks for $2,300, and on April 7, 1836, Mr. Jacacks disposed of the land for $5,000 to David Hall, of Skaneateles. In all these deeds the wife of Thompson is not mentioned, a fact which indicates that he was then unmarried, and it is reasonably certain that, he did not become an actual resident of this town until after 1800. E. N. Leslie, who has gathered a mass of valuable local history, states that Abraham A. Cuddeback first leased lands of Major De Witt on the west shore of the lake, finally purchased his original improvement, and to his grandchildren early said that his nearest neighbor lived at Onon daga Hill. Settlements, however, were made this same year (1794) in Marcellus and also in this town. Mr. Cuddeback brought with him three yoke of oxen, a two-year old colt, and twelve cows, and settled on the premises now occupied by the summer residence of Dr. Hurd. At that time there were five wigwams occupied by Indians where the John M. Nye house subsequently stood. Mr. Cuddeback built the first frame building in town, and the first wheat he raised he carried to Albany, exchanging a part of it for nails, bushel for pound. He was of Huguenot descent, and died October 22, 1831, aged seventy-three years. The first settlers apparently preferred that portion of the town west of the lake and outlet. The pioneer east of this water division was Col. Elijan Bowen, who arrived with his family in 1794, settling in a log house which he had previously built on lot 39. He was born in 980 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Cheshire, Mass., in 1756, and died here in 1807. His children were Valentine, Sophronia, Elijah, jr., Hannah, Delina (who married Dr. David Kingsbury, of Clintonville, in 1802), and Lucina, all born in Cheshire, the latter in 1791. Benajah Bowen, a brother of Elijah, set tled on the farm next east in 1795, bringing with him his wife, five sons, and three daughters. In 1817 he removed to Lysander and died there. Elijah Bowen, jr., born in 1787, died in Wisconsin January 5, 1861. Colonel Bowen was a prominent man in early years, and his house was for a time the first stopping place for incoming settlers, the highway passing it being called the " Bowen road." He was a soldier in the war of 1812,. Another settler of 1794 was a Mr. Robinson, and still another was Bethuel Cole, who was both farmer and blacksmith. The latter lived on the road from Willow Glen to Auburn, about a mile west of the old " Red House." Gen. Robert Earll removed from Whitehall, Washington county, to Onondaga Hollow about 1793, and a year later came to this town, where he died in 1834. He had six sons: Isaac, Robert, jr., Nehemiah H., Hezekiah, Hiram, and Ira. Julius Earll, son of Hezekiah, was long an influential business man and manufacturer, and died July 26, 1876, aged fifty-eight. Hezekiah Earll died here October 29, 1863, aged seventy-four years. Nehemiah H. Earll was born October 5,-1787, studied law with Daniel Kellogg, Thaddeus M. Wood, and George B. Hall, was admitted to the Common Pleas in 1809 and to the Supreme Court in 1812, served in the war of 1812, and became a prominent citi zen of Onondaga county, serving as judge of the Court of Common Pleas from 1823 to 1831, as superintendent of the Onondaga Salt Springs in 1831-35, and as congressman in 1839-41. He died at Mottville August 30, 1872. The Earlls have been both prominent and numer ous in this town and county, all coming from Washington county, N.Y., but originally from Massachusetts. Daniel and Nehemiah Earll, brothers, came to Onondaga Hollow about 1792. Daniel's sons were Jonas, Daniel, jr., Nathaniel, Nehemiah, Robert, Benjamin, Watson, and Abijah. Daniel, sr., died in Skaneateles in 1817, aged eighty- eight. Robert and Abijah finally settled in this town on lot 27, Benjamin and Robert on lot 11, and Jonas in 1802 on lot 19, where Mottville is situated. The latter's sons were Solomon, Jonas, jr., and David. Jonas Earll, sr., died in October, 1847, aged ninety-six. Jonas, jr., was elected sheriff in 1815, served as assemblyman in 1820 and 1821, and State senator from 1823 to 1826 inclusive, congressman in THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 981 1827-31, appointed canal commissioner in 1832, 1842, and 1844, and was postmaster at Syracuse from 1837 to 1841. Gen. Robert Earll probably built the first dam across the outlet at what is now Willow Glen. He erected a saw mill and grist mill there and also established a tannery, all in about 1797. He was the first tanner, currier, and shoe maker in town, and carried on quite a business for those days. About 1800 Robert and Jonas Earll built and operated the first distillery in Skaneateles a little northeast of the old Watson house, on the road from the " Red House" to the creek. William Clift arrived from Vermont with his father in March, 1795, and settled at Cliffs Corners. He died in 1862. His house was kept as a tavern for nearly sixty years and was burned in May, 1885. Jacob Annis, a relative by marriage of the De Witt family, also located in 1795 on the Lapham place on the west side of the lake. Dr. Hall came to Skaneateles as early 1796; in the same year Lovell Gibbs settled here and erected the first frame house on the village site. Dr. Hall built the second frame dwelling. James Porter came here in 1797 and erected and opened the first tavern in town, the timbers of which probably constituted the first raft of the kind ever floated upon the lake. The same year Winston Day, the pioneer merchant, opened the first store where the village of Skaneateles now stands, and John Briggs emigrated hither from Owasco, where he had settled in 1794. David Welch from Fort Ann, Washington county, located on lot 73 in 1798. He was a soldier in the Revolution, was wounded at the battle of Ben nington, and built the first frame barn in Skaneateles in 1800. Benja min Nye, the father of John M., was also a prominent settler of 1798, coming here from Lee, Mass. Being a brickmaker he established a brick yard on the four acres of land he had purchased within the pres ent village limits and continued the business until 1802 or 1803, when he sold his property for $100 per acre, and moved to a 100-acre farm on the east shore of the lake, where he died in an unfinished brick house in 1829. These early settlers came in by the Indian trail previously mentioned, or by the old Genesee road, which was opened soon after the first ar rivals. Suffering from the hardships and privations incident to a new country, and especially from the miasmic conditions of the low, un broken lands, they bore the many trials of frontier life with fortitude. Wolves, bears, and other wild animals were extremely troublesome. Domestic conveniences, too, were crude, and if the fire was allowed to 982 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. go out a journey to the nearest neighbor for a " spark" was necessary. As years passed and the country became more thickly populated, better conditions prevailed, and the pioneers saw their section of country transformed from a forbidding wilderness to fruitful and pleasant farms. The site of Skaneateles village, it will be noticed, was the earliest sought as a field for business enterprise. Its natural advantages and picturesque location, and the fact that it was situated on the great Indian trail, made it a desirable and convenient mercantile center, and around the primitive store of Winston Day and the tavern of James Porter there soon clustered a variety of shops and dwellings. Judge Jedediah Sanger, of Oneida county, very early recognized the future possibilities of the spot, and directed many of the first improvements. He purchased considerable land and a number of mill sites at the head of the outlet, across which he constructed a dam about 1797, a little above the present State dam. About the same time he erected a saw mill and a grist mill at this point. All these structures were built by Jesse Kellogg, into whose possession they subsequently passed. Judge Sanger also soon caused a tract to be laid out into lots, which were usually one hundred feet front by twenty rods deep. The Thayer lot, known as No. 6. was conveyed to Seth McKay, on January 16, 1801, for $5, and sold by him to Norman Leonard, an early merchant, on July 21, 1802, for $200. The latter finally sold it to John Legg. Judge Sanger sold lot 11 to Joseph Pearce for $20, and on October 12, 1801, conveyed a one-acre lot on the west side of the outlet, to Warren Hecox for $10. As laid out these lots were termed "village plots on the north end of Skaneateles Lake." Being one of the commissioners to lay out the Seneca Turnpike, Judge Sanger secured its passage through this village, and in 1800 the Seneca Road Company built the first bridge over the outlet. This structure was twenty-four rods long, twenty-four feet wide, and stood upon fourteen posts; when rebuilt in 1843 its length was reduced to twenty-four feet. The present iron bridge was erected in 1871 by the State, the outlet being a feeder to the Erie Canal. The Genesee Turn pike originally ran east and west through this town, crossing the outlet a mile and a quarter north of the village. The Seneca route, however, became the most popular. In 1807 the Cherry Valley Turnpike was finished, and ran southwesterly from Skaneateles village, where it in tersected the Seneca thoroughfare. THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 983 As soon as a few families'had taken up their homes in the wilderness efforts were made to establish educational facilities, and one of the foremost in this movement at that time was Gen. Robert Earll, who soon after his arrival was instrumental in erecting a school house on the west side of the creek Here Miss Edith Williams was the first teacher. Clark states that Ebenezer Castle had a school in a private house in the village prior to 1798, in which year the first frame school house in town was built in Skaneateles village and in it the' first teacher was Nicholas Otis. Dr. Munger, the first physician, was another early teacher; he subsequently moved to Wellington in Camillus, where he died. He was the father of Dr. Jesse Munger. In educational matters Skane ateles has always held a high rank ; few towns in the State possess a better record in this respect. On the 29th of October, 1801, the Skaneateles Religious Society was organized with sixteen members by Rev. Aaron Bascom. It was in corporated with Ebenezer R. Hawley, Joseph Clift, Judah Hopkins, Peter Putnam, and Daniel Cook as trustees, and was the first organiza tion of the kind in Western Onondaga. Among the first members were Joshua and Aaron Cook, Simon Hosmer, Solomon Edwards, Asa Harwood, Elizabeth and Electa Edwards, Mary and Rebecca Cook, James Porter, Lucretia Hosmer, and Martha Seymour. The society adhered to the Congregational faith until January 1, 1818, when the Presbyterian form of government was adopted under the pastoral charge of Rev. Benjamin B. Stocton. The first stated preacher was Rev. Thomas Robbins; Rev. Nathaniel Swift was the first settled pastor from September 14, 1811, to October 27, 1812; prior to these such missionaries as Revs. Osgood, 'Seth Williston, Jedediah Bushnell, Amasa Jerome, and Mr. Crane labored here. The first church was built on the hill east of the village in 1807-08, and was dedicated March 1, 1809. This was subsequently sold to the Baptists. A new brick edifice was erected in 1830, at a cost of $7,300. The same year Rev. Samuel W. Bush became pastor and remained till 1844. Rev. M. N. Preston was pastor from October, 1862, to November, 1884. Among the deacons of this church have been Eli Clark, Joshua Cook, Samuel Bellamy, James Porter, Ebenezer Warner, Chester Moses, Philip Crosby, Foster and William Clark, Sereno Field, and Henry T. Hooker. On July 25, 1891, the corner stone of the present brick church was laid on the site of the old structure. By the year 1800 a large number of settlers, beside those named, had 984 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. arrived in different parts of the town, among them being Warren Hecox, Jonathan Hall, Zalmon Terrell (on lot 5), John Shepard (on lot 12), a Mr. Sabin (the first blacksmith, who finally sold out to John Legg), and one Lusk, the pioneer carpenter. The latter framed and built the "Red House," in which many of the early religious services were held. Mr. Shepard had settled on his farm about 1797. -One morning he heard his hog squeal in the woods, near the house, and running to the door discovered a huge bear making the disturbance. Catching up a pitchfork instead of his gun he hurled it at Bruin, who turned ferociously upon his assailant and chased him up a tree. Mr. Shepard's cries soon brought his neighbor Terrell to the scene, who afterward maliciously stated that he found his friend (who was his brother-in-law) hugging the tree and trembling like a leaf, with no bear in sight. Mr. Shepard's first child, familiarly known as Major Shepard, was born here July 4, 1798. Warren Hecox came about 1797, had a shoe shop and tannery in -the village on the west side of the mill dam, and died March 29, 1850. His old tannery was burned in August, 1870. Jesse Kellogg moved his family here from New Hartford in the winter of 1799-1800, and soon afterward purchased Judge Sanger's mill property. He was born in Hartford, Conn., in 1758. In 1807 he removed to the Obediah Thorn farm, and finally to the hill, east of Marcellus village, where he died in 1811. Eli Clark came here on foot from Northampton, Mass., in October, 1800, and on January, 22, 1801, purchased fifty acres of lot 35, making a journey on foot to New York city for the purpose; he also bought fifty acres of John Thompson's land, paying $6 per acre for the whole. He was the father of Foster Clark, who was then six years of age. Asa Mason arrived from Berk shire county, Mass., in February, 1800, with his brother, Avery, and purchased 400 acres of lot 68. About the same year Robert Aldridge, Jacob and Rufus Bacon, Benjamin Brooks, William Bales, Aaron Bailey, Levi Clark, Joseph Carr, Christopher. Brackett, and Joseph Cooper became settlers. A man whose genius eventually influenced domestic affairs through out the country made his appearance in this town about 1800 in the person of Amos Miner. He was a son of Dr. John Miner, was born in Norfolk, Conn., November 10, 1776, and learned the wheelwright's trade. In clearing land here he was accidentally injured, and while confined to his bed became imbued with the idea of improving the old- THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 985 fashioned spinning-wheel, then in use in every family. The result was Miner's accelerating wheel-head, which was patented in 1803. On March 8, 1804, he purchased from Silas Bascom twenty-seven acres of land on lot 44, which included a mill site, and here he built a factory, fitting it with machinery of his own invention, and manufactured wheel heads, flails, fork handles, and other wooden utensils for the household and farm. The wheel head was a great invention in those days, a ben efaction to all farmers' families, and was sold in every State in the Union. In 1805 Miner sold his real estate and mill to Daniel Waller. He afterwards established a wheel-head factory at Five Mile Point in company with Amasa Sessions and Davis Deming, but soon sold his in terest there and erected a saw and grist mill about midway between Skaneateles and Otisco Lakes, a mill ever since known as the "pudding mill." About 1816 he located at Mottville, and subsequently at Jor dan, where he manufactured pails, churns, etc. He invented most of the machinery he used, including a machine for making window sash, the Miner pump, etc. He was poor, but he made many rich, and his inventions had a powerful influence upon nearly every local industry. He finally moved to Illinois, where he died June 2, 1842. His sister Anna was the mother of Charles, Aaron, and Allen Pardee, of this town. We now come to the financial founder of the village of Skaneateles, a man whose individuality and marked influence gave the place a de cided impetus. This was Col. William J. Vredenburg, who was born iri New York city, April 13, 1757. He was an officer in the Revolution and a merchant in the place of his birth, and as early as 1791 was a large dealer in soldiers' claims on the Military Tract, visiting this sec tion first in 1799. He removed to Skaneateles village in May, 1803, with his wife, four daughters, and two sons, stopping first under a large elm tree near the corner of Jordan and Academy streets. He pur chased the house and lot subsequently occupied by Charles J. Burnett, from Levi Sartwell, a carpenter, who had bought the site of Judge Sanger in January, 1800, built the dwelling and kept it as a tavern. Soon afterward Colonel Vredenburg purchased of Judge Sanger the unsold portions of military lot 36, upon which the village stands, and selected a commanding eminence of twenty acres for a future resi dence. This site was then the village cemetery, and contained about sixteen graves, all without headstones. The remains were transferred to the then private burying ground of John Briggs (whose wife was 124 986 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. buried there in 1802), which was purchased by the Skaneateles Relig ious Society in 1812 for a public burial place. In 1804 the colonel began the erection of his mansion, which he finished about 1806. The floors were being laid on the memorable "dark day" (June 16) of that year. His dwelling was a veritable palace for those times, and the raising of the frame was the occasion of a vast demonstration. Invita tions were sent to all the inhabitants for miles around. The colonel surrounded his house with one of the finest gardens west of the Hud son River, procuring first a Mr. Dullard, and afterwards Samuel Lith- erland, professional gardeners, for the purpose. He was a man of large means, a liberal, kind-hearted citizen, and an active promoter of the general welfare. At first he had to send to Marcellus twice a week for his mail, but, dissatisfied with this arrangement, he wrote to the post master-general and procured a post-office in Skaneateles in April, 1804, in which he was appointed the first postmaster. He was a member of assembly in 1804-06, and died here May 9, 1813, leaving a large landed estate of several thousand acres in Central New York. His homestead passed to Daniel Kellogg, after whose death it was occupied by his daughter, Mrs. G. F. Leitch, until her decease. The house finally burned down in 1872. Colonel Vredenburg was succeeded as post master by John Ten Eyck, who was followed by Charles J. Burnett, who held the office from 1817 to 1843. About the beginning of the present century quite a settlement had sprung up in the vicinity of what is now Mandana. David and Samuel Welch, the latter the father of Samuel, jr., and a soldier in the war of 1812, very early located in the neighborhood. A log school house was erected on the subsequent tavern site, and in it Daniel G. Burroughs was the first teacher. Later teachers were Misses Hall and Gleason. John G. Garlock, who served in the war of 1812, built and opened a store, in which he was followed by John P. Miles, Jacob Van Houten, Seth Morgan and others. Other early settlers in the vicinity were Israel Sabins (a blacksmith), Tunis Van Houghton, James Gardner, Samuel Robertson, Edward Greenman, and William Watts. Josiah Garlock was a tavernkeeper here ,as early as 1835, and in his house and at the taverns of W. H. Mershon at Mottville and Isaac W. Perry in Skaneateles elections were held in 1836, one day in each, suc cessively. On March 2, 1806, the Skaneateles Library Company was incorpo rated with Elnathan Andrews, Thaddeus Edwards, Warren Hecox, WILLIAM MARVIN-. THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 987 Samuel Porter and Daniel Kellogg, trustees. Mr. Edwards was chair man and Mr. Kellogg was treasurer and librarian, the latter holding these offices till 1816, when he was succeeded by Alexander W. Beebe, who served until 1824. He was followed by Phares Gould from 1824 to 1834, by James G. Porter in 1834-35, and by E. H. Porter in 1835- 41, when the library collapsed. No less than 115 subscribers joined the organization during its existence, and the first manuscript catalogue contained the titles of 308 volumes. On October 20, 1877, the Skane ateles Library Association was incorporated by Joel Thayer, E. Nor man Leslie, Henry T. Webb, John H. Smith, Charles S. Hall, E. B. Coe, John C. Stephenson, George T. Campbell, S. D. Conover, Edwin L. Parker, C. W. Allis, Prof. A. M. Wright, Joseph C. Willetts, John Humphryes, and William Marvin. Rooms were opened in the Legg Block, and in 1880 the present handsome and commodious stone libra ry building was erected. It is one of the chief attractions of the vil lage, and was dedicated February 27, 1890, Hon. William Marvin pre siding. Mrs. Lydia A. Cobane has been librarian for several years. The officers are William Marvin, president; J. C. Willetts, vice-presi dent, and E. Norman Leslie, treasurer. In December, 1834, the Skane ateles Mechanics' Literary Association was formed, and continued in existence until 1842. On May 3, 1838, the Skaneateles Educational Society was organized by Phares Gould, president ; Alfred Wilkinson and William Gibbs, vice presidents; Milton A. Kinney, secretary; Abner Bates, treasurer; Joseph Talcott, J. T.Clark, Stephen E. Maltby, Will iam H. Greene, Dr. Evelyn H. Porter, Luther Pratt, and Archibald Douglass, managers. Committees were chosen to visit the twenty schools in town and report their condition, and by systematic work a new impetus was given to local education. Contemporary with this organization was the Skaneateles Anti-Slavery Society, whose officers were Alfred Wilkinson, president; Thaddeus Edwards and Daniel Tal cott, vice-presidents; James C. Fuller, secretary; Stephen E. Maltby, treasurer; Smith Litherland, James Rattle, John Snook, Chester Moses, Abner Bates, and George Pryor, executive committee. The organiza tion was an able auxiliary to the county society. The west side of the lake was very early settled by members of the Society of Friends, who exerted a wholesome and permanent influence upon the subsequent development of the town. Bringing with them their quiet, ennobling characteristics, they impressed upon the com munity a lasting regard for institutions of an elevating nature, and 988 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. firmly implanted their doctrines among the settlements. About 1812 a society was organized in the community; among its members were Joseph and Russell Frost, Abner Lawton (died January 20, 1855), Warren Giles, Silas Gaylord (died January 31, 1843), and William Willetts ; soon afterward an edifice was erected near the octagon school house. In' 1828 a division occurred, the " Hicksites " retaining this meetinghouse, and the "Orthodox" branch moving their services to Skaneateles, where a meeting house was built on the farm of Richard Talcott, who, with his two sons, Richard and Daniel, were prominent members. This building was torn down in 1873, and another erected. Sarah Talcott was the first minister of this society. The first minis ter of the Hicksites after the separation was Adin Cory. Other prom inent Friends were Valentine Willetts, John Milton Arnold (who with Mr. Willetts engaged in the foundry business in Skaneateles in 1843), and Liva Peck. A few years ago E. M. Leslie obtained a ledger which was kept here by John Meeker, merchant in 1806, and from it he gleaned the fol lowing names of residents (farmers, unless otherwise noted) of this section at that time : Aaron Austin (farmer and clothier), Robert Aldridge, Jacobus Annis (tavern keeper), Jether Bailey, Richard Berry, Elijah Bowen, John Benscoten (on lot 84), Eli Barnes (miller in Col. W. J. Vredenburg's mill), John Burns, Silas Bascom, Benajah Bowen, Aaron Bailey, John Bailey, James Burroughs, Dr. Samuel Benedict, Peter Benedict (brother of Dr. Samuel, killed at Black Rock in the war of 1812), John Bristol (potash boiler for Winston Day), John Brown (stage driver for Sherwood), Asa Bacon, jr. (shoemaker and tanner), Robert Baker (father of R. J., shoemaker), Daniel Briggs (father of W. S.), William Burroughs, jr. (stage driver for Sherwood), Samuel Briggs, Sylvester Cortrite and son Wilhalmus, Samuel Chapman, Joseph Cross, Abraham Conklin, Peter Cuddeback 2d, Roger Carpenter, Joshua Covel, Abraham A. Cuddeback, Owen Cotton (millwright), Amasa Chapman, Timothy Copp, Sheldon Cook, Wareham Cook (inventor of Cook's Salve), Eli Clark, Silas Crandall (innkeeper), William Dascomb (tavernkeeper), Rowland Day (merchant, associated with Norman Leonard), Moses B. Dunning (clerk in Dascomb's tavern, constable, later clerk for John Legg), Asa Dexter (combmaker or peddler with Mr. Glass), Ira De Long, Ebenezer Edwards, Samuel Egglestone, David Earll, jr., Thaddeus Edwards, Nathaniel Eells (farmer and cooper), John Fitzgerald, Benjamin Frisby (chairmaker and painter), Reuben Farnham (school teacher, and later a lawyer at Elbridge), Hezekiah Gunn, Thomas Greves (tailor), Isaac Granger, Michael Gillett (farmer and owner of a saw mill), Edward Greenman (father of Samuel H.), Amasa Gleason (painter), David Granger, Abijah Gilbert (farmer and carpenter), Dan iel Gardner, James Gardner, Benjamin Gumaer (came from Orange county in 1799, father of Harvey), Seth Hall (carpenter and wagonmaker), Timothy Hatch (farmer and tavernkeeper), Dr. Jonathan Hall, Isaac Hodges and Israel Hodges (near Mandana), THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 989 Simeon Hosmer, Asa Hatch, Cyrus Hecox (brother of Col. Warren Hecox), Dr. Judah Hopkins, David Hall (arrived in March. 1806), Samuel Ingham (merchant and clerk for John Meeker), Henry Jones (constable), Elijah Jones (father of Henry), Amos Jones (at Mandana), Bela Kingsley, Amasa Kneeland (schoolmaster), Asa Kneeland (carpenter), Jesse Kellogg (agent for Judge Sanger, and father of Doras- tus), Phineas Keith (tailor), Ezra Lee (owned a sail boat on the lake in 1807), Ezra Lane (school teacher in 1807), Timothy Miller and Elias Merrill (laborers), Ismael Moffett, Daniel McKay (farmer and mason), Henry Milhollen (well digger), Benja min Nye (father of John), Samuel Niles (teamster for Elnathan Andrews), Elijah Price (law student with Daniel Kellogg), Jared Patchen, Alexander Price, Levi Pratt, Elijah Parsons (father of Moses and John), James H. Rathbun (at Five Mile Point), Thomas Reed, William Rose (on lots 35 and 37), Joseph Rhoades, Amasa Sessions, Peter Secoy, Nathaniel Seymour, Briggs Shearman, Phineas Stanton, Samuel Shaw (at Mottville), William Thomas (father of David), John Thompson, Daniel Veal, jr., John Van Arsdale (distiller), Samuel Winchester. Seth Hall came here October 23, 1806, and died in 1833. Deacon Amasa Sessions died November 13, 1838. David Hall at one time owned a large tract of land at Glen Haven. His death occurred June 4, 1865. Thaddeus Edwards was born in Greenfield, N. Y., December 10, 1795, came with his parents to Skaneateles in 1798, and at his death a few years ago was the oldest resident of the town. Aaron Austin came here from Vermont as early as 1796, and established on the out let, near the site of the present State dam, the first cloth-dressing and fulling mill in the county, continuing it until his death in 1836. His old family residence, built about 1810, is now the home of Franklin Austin. Several others were residents of Skaneateles about this period. Dr. Samuel Porter came in soon after Dr. Munger, removed to Wellington, and died June 14, 1893. (See Chapter XXVII. ) Do- rastus Lawrence (son of Col. Bigelow Lawrence, of Marcellus) was a settler in 1801, coming here from Vermont. During the war of 1812 he. marched to Oswego as captain of the militia company which com prised the able-bodied male inhabitants of the territory of Skaneateles and Marcellus. He died February 11, 1862, aged seventy-five. He served in the Assembly in 1830, and was sheriff of Onondaga county in 1834. Joseph Root came in with his son Henry in 1804. Elijah Par sons arrived from Massachusetts in 1805, and died October 25, 1862, at the age of eighty -three. Nathaniel Miller, born in Cherry Valley, N. Y., March 29, 1796, came to Skaneateles in February, 1807, and died March 16, 1875. James Ennis and Timothy Coleman were early settlers on lots 35 and 37. The following were also living in the town in 1815; 990 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Reuben Austin, Miles Allen (mill owner), Isaac Briggs and David Hall (merchants), Abijah Benson (tanner and shoemaker on Benson street), Silas Belding (gatekeeper), Nathan Blodgett (potash boiler for John Meeker), Alexander M. Beebe (lawyer), Myrick Bradley, Amos Benedict, William Burroughs, Stephen Burnett, John Burroughs (father of Alvin), Almeron Bowen, Joseph Bentley, Amos Bacon (Warren Hecox's brother-in-law, shoemaker), Samuel Bellamy, Joshua Bates (farmer and blacksmith), Jonathan Booth (merchant^ died in September, 1840, aged seventy- eight), Daniel Burroughs (farmer and carding machine maker), George H. Cotton (millwright and mill owner in village), John Coe (painter), Noble Coe (tavernkeeper), Coe & Marsh (keepers of the Sherwood tavern), Palmer Cady (tavernkeeper in the "gulf"), Joshua Chandler, Ashbel Chapman, George Coon, Asaph Cleveland, Stephen Chase (blacksmith and hoe manufacturer, moved to Lysander and died there), James Curtis (carpenter), Ezra S. Curtis (law student with Daniel Kellogg), Elijah Cole (owner of the "Community" farm), Philo Dibble (harnessmaker, came in 1812), William B. Douglass, John Dorhance, Samuel Diffins, James Daggett (teamster between Skaneateles and Albany), Daniel Dennison, Solomon Davis, John and Moses Dayley (afterwards Mormons), Abraham Dodge (" had the best farm in Mar cellus") Denie Cotton, Abner Edwards, Alanson Edwards, jr. (schoolteacher, county clerk in 1835-37, and county school commissioner of the southern district in 1843-47), Abijah Earll, William Earll, Earll, Cotton & Lewis (proprietors of the mill in Skan eateles), Horace Ells (cooper, son of Nathaniel), Watson Earll, Joseph Enos, Timothy Foote (father of Perry), Ebenezer Foote (brother of Timothy), Joseph Frost, John Gibson (carpenter), Charles Glynn (well digger), Samuel Green (tailor), Warren Hecox (tanner and shoemaker), Samuel Hecox (of Ludlow & Hecox, merchants in 1812, brother of Warren), Augustus Hecox (tinsmith), Barnabas Hall and son Eli, Gershom Hall and son Loami, Deacon John Hunt, Thaddeus L. Hurd, Nicholas Holt, Stephen Haynes, Henry Harwood (shoemaker for Warren Hecox), Warren Kneeland (almanac peddler), Horace Kneeland (son of Asa), Frederick Lesley (dis tiller), John W. Livingston (U. S. marshal in 1822), Noah Levins (keeper of the old Dascomb tavern) Salmon Lake (bedquilt weaver), Simon McKay (hatter and carpen ter), Levi Mason (justice of the peace), Jeduthan Newton (distiller and proprietor of potashery), Alfred Northam (lawyer with James Porter and Freeborn G. Jewett, and justice of the peace several years), Spencer Parsons (cabinetmaker), Lovisa Pomeroy (milliner), Liva Peck, Perley Putnam (harnessmaker), George Riker (stage driver for Sherwood) Jehiel Rust, Josiah Root, Samuel Rhoades, jr. (father of Lewis), Christian Rice, Sylvester Roberts and Harry Briggs (blacksmiths), Ezra Stevens (shoemaker), David Seymour (brick manufacturer), Eleazer Smith, jr., Ephraim Smith, jr., Adam H. Shaver, Simeon Skeels (carpenters), Isaac A. Selover (carpen ter, built the old meeting house for Elnathan Andrews, the contractor), Miles Sabin (at Mottville), Chester Tolles, Reuben Thomas, Andrew Thompson (son of John), John Ten Eyck (postmaster, merchant, and justice), Jacob W. Van Etten, Ebenezer Warner, Warren Wilder (carpenter at Mottville), Daniel Watson (tanner and shoe maker), and brother Isaac, Jonathan Weston, William S. Wood (goldsmith and watch maker), Daniel Waller, Shubael Wilkinson (cousin of Alfred), Arunah Wightmau. David Seymour and his wife Martha located on lot 37, about 1804. He was a shoemaker, and with him Warren Hecox learned the trade. ^2&r ^S .i'jSw .AO-— THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 991 Barnabas Hall settled at Mile Point, which was first called, from him, " Barney's Point." The first excitement among the early settlers occurred about the be ginning of the present century, when, on a Saturday night, the mill dam partially gave way. It was repaired, however, before sunset on Sunday, under the direction of a missionary, presumably Rev. Isaac Rawson. During the progress of these various settlements there centered in Skaneateles village a business which eventually made it a celebrated stopping place. This comprised the great stage lines and mail routes, of which Isaac Sherwood was the principal proprietor. Mr. Sherwood was born in Williamstown, Mass., October 12, 1769, and died April 24, 1840. It is not definitely known when he came to Skaneateles. His first work in this line was carrying mail on foot from Onondaga Hill westward, and from this he became one of the foremost stage proprie tors of his day. He was long the " Vanderbilt " of the business, in which he was extensively engaged as early as 1818, his headquarters thenceforward being in this village, where he had a popular tavern where the Packwood House now stands, of which his son, John Milton Sherwood, was the active landlord. Mr. Sherwood had mail contracts throughout the State, and owned many of the stages which ran over the routes. He married a sister of Winston Day, the first merchant, and finally moved to Auburn, where he built the Auburn House. A prac tical outgrowth of the establishment of this immense stage business was a large carriage and wagon making industry, that for many years spread the name and fame of Skaneateles throughout the country. The place was also widely known for its blacksmith shops and mechanics. Among the carriage manufacturers were Hall & Miller (James Hall died October 24, 1857), James R. Gillman, George Van Dyke, Davey & Baldwin, Charles Hall, L. S. Worden (son-in-law of Capt. Thomas), John Legg, and John Packwood. The latter was born in England, April 2, 1824, and came with his parents to Auburn in 1830. He pur chased the Packwood House site about 1865, and in. 1871 erected that popular hostelry, which he kept till 1874, when he sold to F. A. & E. A. Andrews. He died in Auburn, July 12, 1890. John Legg came from Northampton, Mass., to Skaneateles in 1804, and started a blacksmith shop on the site of the present Legg block. He attained success as a carriage manufacturer, and died here December 19, 1857, aged seventy- five. 992 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Meantime, the almost unexcelled water power afforded by the outlet1 of Skaneateles Lake had been profitably utilized by a number of mills and factories which had sprung into operation. This stream has always exerted a marked influence upon the growth of the town. From an early day it has been a source of protracted litigation between the mill owners and the State, and more recently between the former and the city of Syracuse. About 1840 the State appropriated the lake for a vast storage reservoir for the Erie Canal. The citizens were aroused over this action, and almost to a man determined to frustrate the plan. On August 10, 1841/ one of the canal commissioners, two engineers, and several others came up to the village to force the gates of the new State dam and let the water off. They were confronted by an enraged populace with a cannon*loaded to the muzzle ; they departed, their errand proving futile. Ever since then, however, the State has used the waters of the lake for supplying the Jordan leve^of the Erie Canal, the entrance being at Jordan. When the waters of the lake were secured for the canal the State expended large sums of money in " chinking " with small stone and grout the bed of the outlet at Lime stone ledge, and in turning the channel of the stream. Previous to this the water at this point would mysteriously disappear. The bill authorizing the city of Syracuse to obtain its water supply from Skane ateles Lake, was enacted June 4, 1889, and on June 29, 1894, the mem orable project was realized, the waters being turned into the 30-inch iron conduit at 11.10 a. m. of that day. A long and bitter legal fight resulted over the damages to the numerous manufacturing interests along the outlet, involving several hundred thousand dollars, and is not yet ended. The mills and factories gave existence to various other industries and three or four busy hamlets. Mottville, originally called "Sodom," and early written " Mottsville," was named from Arthur Mott, son of Mrs. Lydia P. Mott. He located here about 1820, had a woolen fac tory on the site of the old Coleman flouring mill, and was for some time a successful and prominent citizen. He finally succumbed to drink and died in Toledo, O., October 30, 1869, aged seventy-one. The pioneer on the site of Mottville was a "squatter" named Sabin Elliott. In 1836 the place contained about thirty dwellings, a post-office, one furnace, a grist and saw mill, and a tavern kept by W. H. Mershon. iThis stream was called by the Indians "Han-ant-too," or "Hananto," signifying "swift running water through thick hemlocks," or Hemlock Creek. THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 993 Among the merchants here were Earll, Watson & Co., Alanson Wat son, S. L. Benedict, and Benedict Brothers (burned out in October, 1865). Here Putnam, Porter & Leonard built a wheel-head factory soon after 1816, and in 1831 were succeeded by S. C. Wheadon, Erastus Nye, and George P. Adams. George B. Harwood, formerly had a har ness shop at this place. Skaneateles Falls also developed into quite a busy center and finally obtained a post-office. Other hamlets which sprung up were Kellogg's Mills, Willow Glen, and Glenside. The war of 1812-15 caused considerable excitement in this commu nity. On one occasion a detachment of cavalry on its way to the front arrived at the village of Skaneateles and employed John Legg to make a supply of horseshoes and horseshoe nails, an order that required the utmost dispatch. Mr. Legg had all the blacksmiths in the surrounding country working for him to complete the job. In August, 1814, a party of 168 British prisoners, captured at Fort Erie, passed eastward over the Seneca turnpike and bivouacked for a night on the lake shore on the subsequent Roosevelt property. In October following all the able bodied men in this military district were ordered to Oswego. Consid erable attention was given after the war of 1812 to the training of the local militia, every healthy male citizen between the ages of eighteen and forty-five being obliged to report for duty annually. "General training " days became memorable occasions, especially to the younger element, who devoured cider and gingerbread as greedily as they par ticipated in the military maneuvers. This district eventually com prised the 159th Regiment, of which Samuel C. Wheadon was the colo nel. In 1839 he was made brigadier-general, and Augustus Fowler was appointed to the colonelcy. Peter Pell was long *he prominent drum mer; his drum was his solace, and he dignified his calling. About 1844 Captain Fowler organized the Skaneateles Guards, which had an armory, and which was one cf the finest militia companies of its time. The militia system degenerated into a farce, and the trainings were discontinued about 1846. Returning to the subject of schools it is pertinent to notice an insti tution which early gave character and influence to the subject of local education. This was the "Friends Female Boarding School," known as the " Hive," which was established on the Cuddeback farm on the west shore of the lake by Mrs. Lydia P.. Mott, soon after her arrival in about 1818. She was a daughter of Joseph Stansbury, was born on the Atlantic Ocean on February 23, 1775, and> being en route to Phila- 125 994 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. delphia was christened Lydia Philadelphia Stansbury. Reared in the Episcopal church, she subsequently became a prominent member and preacher in the Society of Friends, and was married to Robert Mott, of New York, in 1797. After his death in Whitestown, N. Y., she came to Skaneateles and purchased the Dowling farm, where she resided with her son Arthur, the founder of Mottville. She is described as a sweet, lovely woman, benevolent, sympathetic, and simple, of much refinement, and an admirable teacher. Upon beholding one of her scholars with her hair curled she exclaimed, "Why, Debby, has thee got horns growing?" The "Hive" was the earliest institution of learning for the education of young ladies in Western New York, and during its existence exerted a powerful influence in disseminating knowledge. Its pupils were not confined to the daughters of Friends. As early as 1823 she sold the school to Caleb Mekeel, who gave it the name of the Skaneateles Female Seminary. He was followed by George Pryor, and in the neighborhood of 1838 the institution ceased its usefulness Mrs. Mott died in the Mott cottage in the village April 15, 1862. The families of Gen. Robert Earll, Jonathan Booth, William J. Vre denburg, and Charles J. Burnett, all Episcopalians, early formed the nucleus of their faith in town, and it is believed that Rev. Davenport Phelps was the first missionary in Skaneateles village. Services were held in the Burnett homestead and the " Red House " as early as 1803. On January 4, 1816, St. James's Parish was incorporated with Messrs. Booth and Burnett as wardens, and Edward G. Ludlow, John W. Liv ingston, Zalmon Booth, Stephen Horton, John Pierson, John Howe, William Gibbs, and Samuel Francis, vestrymen. An attempt was made to build a church, but the enterprise was abandoned. On April 19, 1829, the parish was reorganized by Rev. Augustus L. Converse. In 1827 an edifice was erected, and from 1832 to 1844 Rev. Joseph T. Clarke was rector, his predecessors being Revs. Amos Pardee and Al gernon S. Hollister. The building was enlarged in 1847, and in 1873 was torn down. The corner stone of the present stone church was laid May 30, 1873, by Bishop Huntington, and on January 6, 1874, the structure was consecrated. It cost complete over $28,000. Among the prominent members of this parish were: John Daniels, Charles Pardee, Elijah P. Rust, John S. Furman, James M. Allen, Butler S. Wolcott, Timothy Baker, Augustus Kellogg, Samuel P. Rhodes, Spencer Hannum, John M. Aspinwall, Dyer Brainard, J. G. Porter, Nathan Hawley, Dr. E. H. Porter, Nash De Cost, John Snook, jr., Thomas Yates, William M. Beauchamp, THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 995 Ransom Crosby, N. J. Roosevelt, Justin Redfield, D. T. Moseley, Robert I. Baker, James Bench, Samuel Harris, George Francis, Peter Whittlesey, and others, all be fore 1850. Charles J. Burnett was warden of this church for thirty-two years. E. N. Leslie served as vestryman and treasurer from 1856 to 1895, and resigned as treasurer. The State Gazetteer of 1823 speaks of Skaneateles as containing 100 houses, stores, offices, etc., a library, several mills, and a good deal of business, and mentions the fact that the inhabitants of the town manu facture much of their clothing in a household way. The outlet at this time drove fourteen grain mills, four saw mills, three fulling mills, three carding machines, an oil mill, and two trip hammers. Thirteen years later (1836) the village had an academy, the previously described library, five grist mills, making 40,000 barrels of flour annually, four saw mills, as many carding and cloth dressing establishments, two woolen factories, two furnaces and foundries, two machine manufac tories, four tanneries, two extensive carriage factories, a printing-office, two taverns, eight stores, four churches, and about 250 dwellings. The decade between 1825 and 1835 apparently marked the greatest growth of the village. At this time Mandanawas merely an agricultural com munity, having a post-office, while Rhoades was a postal hamlet in the northeast corner of the town. This latter office was subseqently dis continued. In 1835 the town had 396 militia men, 18,326 acres of improved land, real estate assessed at $581,125, a town tax of $1,563, and a county tax of $1,762. It contained 3,218 cattle, 1,196 horses, 8,870 sheep and 3,976 swine, and outside of the village several saw and grist mills, an oil mill, two distilleries, an ashery, woolen factories, etc. , and fourteen school districts with 843 scholars. April 24, 1828, the following business men agreed to pay Phares Gould, Samuel Porter, and John S. Furman the sums designated " to enable them to purchase a lot on the new [State] street laid out by Charles J. Burnett in Skaneateles, and to erect thereon a building with a view to keep a select school therein " : S. Horton, $50; Samuel Francis, $25; S. B. Hopkins, $25; Nehemiah Smith, $25; Daniel Watson, $25 ; A. Douglass, $25 ; S. Porter Rhodes, $25 ; B. S. Wolcott, $25 ; S. Parsons, $75 ; William Gibbs, $50 ; Samuel Rhoades, $25 ; J. M. Allen, $15 ; Will iam Clift, $25 ; John S. Furman, $50 ; David Hall, $100 ; Phares Gould, $100 ; F. G. Jewett, $100; John Legg, $50; Nicholas Thorn, $50; Samuel Porter, $100; Philo Dibble, $100; Daniel Kellogg, $200; Hezekiah Earll, $50; C.J. Burnett, $100; S. and J. Hall, $100; Lewis Cotton, $100; Charles Pardee, $25. Several of these added from $10 to $50 to their subscriptions, pro viding the building was constructed of brick, which was done. This 996 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. led to the incorporation of the Skaneateles Academy on the 14th of April, 1829. In September, 1831, classical and scientific deparments, a good library, chemical and philosophical apparatus, collections of plants and minerals, etc., are advertised. The officers were Daniel Kellogg, president; John S. Furman, secretary; Phares Gould, Spen cer Parsons, Samuel Porter, D.D., Stephen Horton, Charles J. Burnett, Philo Dibble, and Freeborn G. Jewett, trustees. Among the early principals were Robert Bradshaw, S. Rhoades, and Allen Fisk. The building was sold to the Union school district on June 3, 1854. In 1869 it was torn down, and in 1855 a new school house was built. The first newspaper in this town, the Skaneateles Telegraph, * was started by William H. Child, with B. B. Drake as editor, on the 28th of July, 1829, and among the local advertisers during its brief exist ence were : N. D. Caldwell and K. Wallis, proprietors of the Skaneateles House, formerly kept by S. & J. Hall; Porter & Pardee, general merchants; N. Smith & Co., tin and hardware ; Dr. I. Parsell, physician ; Wolcott & Porter, merchants and lumber yard ; John Wetmore, barber ; J. H. Benedict, jeweler in the shop lately occupied by A. W. McKenney; James Miller, barber; S. Francis, hatter, wholesale and retail; Daniel Talcott, proprietor of the Skaneateles furnace, recently enlarged; Isaac W. Perry, salt, provisions, etc. ; Dibble & Miller, harnessmakers ; A. Douglass & J. S. Furman, manufacturers of the Douglass threshing machine ; Stephen Horton (died in 1832), Richard Talcott, Burnett & Rhoades, and Phares Gould, general stores ; R. A. Hicks, " late from England," tailor; and Spencer Parsons, cabinet and chairmaker. The Telegraph was absorbed by or became the predecessor of the Skaneateles Columbian, which was started by John Greves in the spring of 1831. About 1833 Milton A. Kinney became proprietor, and on October 28, 1837, he sold to Luther A. Pratt and Elijah S. Keeney, but continued as editor. On July 1, 1838, the firm of Pratt & Keeney issued also the first number of the Juvenile Depositor}' or Youth's Mental Casket, the editor being Luther Pratt, father of L. A. Pratt. October 26 of that year they dissolved and Luther A. Pratt continued as publisher with Mr. Kinney as editor, and a year later the latter again became sole owner. The Juvenile Depository passed to Luther Pratt and W. M. Beauchamp, who soon after discontinued the publication. January 1, 1851, Mr. Kinney sold the Columbian to George M. Kinney, but still retained the editorial chair, and March 24, 1853, the paper was 1 Several numbers of this paper, a nearly a complete file of the Columbian, and many volumes of other newspapers have been collected, bound, and presented to the Skaneateles Library by E. Norman Leslie. THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 997 discontinued, the subscription list, etc., passing to H. B. Dodge. Milton A. Kinney died March 16, 1861, aged fifty-eight. He came here in 1833, and was elected to the assembly in 1853. The Skaneateles Democrat was started by William M. Beauchamp on January 3, 1840. About 1844 E. Sherman Keeney became the editor and proprietor, and a few years later was succeeded by William H. Jewett. He soon sold out to Jonathan C. Keeney, who was followed on April 1, 1849, by Harrison B. Dodge, who has ever since been its owner. In March, 1853, he purchased the business and good will of the Columbian and consolidated the two offices. E. S. Keeney died August 27, 1847, aged about thirty years, and Mr. Beauchamp's death occurred August 28, 1867, at the age of sixty-nine. On January 1, 1890, Mr. Dodge re tired from the editorial chair and leased the Democrat to Will T. Hall, who makes an excellent and very popular newspaper. Mr. Beauchamp, on May 24, 1844, issued the first number of the Minerva, a small monthly, which he continued two years. Another paper, unique and short-lived, was the Communitist, which was issued fortnightly by the " Skaneateles Community, at Community Place, near Mottville, Onon daga County, N. Y.," and which bore the motto: "Free inquiry — general progression — common possessions — oneness of interest — uni versal brotherhood." Its chief promoter was John A. Collins; it was devoid of advertisements, and was started early in 1844. The Skane ateles Free Press was started by its present publisher, J. C. Stephen son, on March 21, 1874, who has since owned and edited it. It is one of the ablest and brightest weekly newspapers in the county. Among other advertisers in the first numbers of the Telegraph and Columbian, between 1829 and 1834, were: Ansel Frost & Co., who dissolved December 19, 1829, Arthur Mott, the " Co.," re tiring, Ansel Frost continuing the business of the furnace at " Mottsville," manufac turing castings, stoves, potash kettles, the "Douglass patent threshing machines made to order by James McCray,'' and a number of "fine mill sites on the long credit" ; notice dated November 24, 1829, that application will be made to the next Legislature for the division of the town of Marcellus into three towns ; Jacob W. Van Etten, on March 12, 1830, offering six cents reward, for the return of an " indented apprentice boy at the farming business named John Ward Burtees," aged about eighteen; D. Watson, tannery, near the Skaneateles woolen factory; John H. Bishop, " late from the city of New York," steam clothing and cloth dressing estab lishment on the "west side of the old brick still"; John Harbottle and George Hutton, proprietor of the " Mottsville Woolen Factory," April, 1831, about to com mence operations in their "elegant new building erected last fall in Mottsville," manufacturing woolens, cassimeres, etc. ; Joseph Battin, announcing that he will 998 , ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. sell out his general stock of merchandise, as he intends to "relinquish the country business" ; Misses Mead & Cobb, in May, 1831, new millinery shop, opposite the Skaneateles Hotel ; Isaac W. Perry, innkeeper ; James H. Leonard, general mer chant ; Daniel Talcott and Howard Delano, form a partnership and assume charge of the Skaneateles furnace in 1831 ; Augustus Fowler, clothier and tailor, started in 1831; Richard Talcott and Henry W. Allen, form partnership in 1831, as general merchants, and removed to the new brick store, succeeded by Richard Talcott in December, 1832; Watson & Hitchcock, boot and shoe store; William M. Beau champ,1 bookseller from 1834 to 1850; Porter & Pardee, merchants, dissolve October 30, 1834, business continued by Charles Pardee for many years ; Nelson Hawley & Co. ; Gibbs & Burnett, Richard Talcott & Co. (C. W. Allis), and James G. Porter, general merchants; R. I. Baker, and J. R. Becker, tailors, dissolve, February 26, 1835, business continued by Mr. Baker; Warren Hecox & Co. (Edwin Gould), dis solve February 5, 1835, and Mr. Gould and William Lawton continue the boot, shoe, and leather store; John Snook, jr., drugs, established in 1834; Truman Downer, Benjamin Nye, and John H. Earll, proprietors of the Mottville furnace in 1834, were building a brewery at this time ; Butler S. Wolcott & Co. (Samuel H. Yates), general merchants, dissolve December 25, 1834, the business being continued by Mr. Wolcott; William H. Gaylord & Co., dry goods, in 1835; Alfred Hitchcock, boot and shoe manufactory. Several of these just noted are worthy of more mention. Charles Pardee was especially prominent. He built a three story brick build ing in the village, west of the Phoenix block, in 1850, and during his life was actively identified with nearly every interest of the town. He died in Skaneateles, April 9, 1878, aged eighty-two. Col. Warren Hecox was long engaged in tanning and became a leading citizen. His tannery was burned February 20, 1848. John Snook, jr., came here with his father from England. The latter was a physician and the in ventor of Snook's pills, and died in this town December 1, 1857. The son's death occurred in Utica, October 30, 1884, at the age of thirty- one. To them is due the introduction of the teasel in this section about 1835, a business which proved exceedingly profitable. The town was famous for many years for its large production of teasels, by far exceeding that of any other locality in the world. They were neces sary to the proper finishing of fine woolen goods and were in great de. mand at remunerative prices until at last human ingenuity substituted mechanical appliances for them. Charles J. Burnett, of Gibbs & Burnett, who was postmaster from 1817 to 1843, was born in London, England, and died January 15, 1855, aged eighty-three. Isaac W. Perry was for many years the pro prietor of the " Indian Queen" Hotel. Anent the advertisement for a 1 Father of Rev. Dr. W. M. Beauchamp, of Baldwinsville. THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 999 runaway apprentice boy, the following is taken from the Telegraph, and illustrates certain conditions at that period : One Cent Reward. Ranaway from the subscriber on or about the 24th ult. an indented boy to the farming business, named Norman Hodges, aged 14 years. - Whoever will return said boy to the subscriber shall receive the above reward. All persons are forbid harboring him or trusting him under penalty of the law. Marcellus, Jan. 11, 1830. John Carpenter. In 1831 a Universalist church was built at Mottville on ground donated for the purpose and for a school by Ansel Frost. The build ing cost about $1,900, and the first regular pastor was Rev. Jacob Chase. On the 19th of April, 1833, the village of Skaneateles was incor porated and the first election held May 14, of that year, at the tavern of Isaac W. Perry. The following were the first officers : Freeborn G. Jewett, president ; Daniel Talcott, Phares Gould, William Gibbs, Lewis H. Sanford, trustees; Charles J. Burnett, treasurer; Henry W. Allen, collector; George Kennedy, street commissioner; James H. Allen, clerk. This was the fourth village incorporated in Onondaga county. The presidents have been as follows : Freeborn G. Jewett. 1833; Daniel. Kellogg, 1834; Freeborn G. Jewett, 1835; Phares Gould, 1836; George F. Leitch, 1837-38; James Hall, 1839; G. F. Leitch, 1840; Nel son Hawley, 1841; James Hall, 1842; John C. Beach, 1843; Spencer Hannum, 1844; Nelson Hawley, 1845-46; Alexander Horton, 1847; William H. Willetts, 1848; Will iam H. Jewett, 1849; John Davey, jr., 1850; Charles Pardee, 1851-53: William Fuller, 1854; John Legg, 1855; John Barrow, 1856; Freeborn G. Jewett, 1857; Thomas Snook, 1858; Spencer Hannum. 1859; C. W. Allis, 1860; Harrison B. Dodge, 1861-62; Charles Pardee, 1863; Joel Thayer, 1864-65; William R. Gorton, 1866; Newell Turner, 1867; Jacob C. De Witt, 1868; Charles Pardee, 1869; H. B. Dodge, 1870; James A. Root, 1871; Charles Pardee, 1872; Thomas Kelley, 1873-75; William Marvin, 1876; Thomas Kelley, 1877-80; Joel Thayer, 1881; Joseph Allen, 1882-84; William G. Ellery' (first president elected independently), 1885-87; C. R. Milford, 1888-89; Joseph C. Willetts, 1890; N. O. Shepard, 1891; Ezra B. Knapp, resigned May 30, and N. O. Shepard, appointed, 1892-93; Edson D. Gillett, 1894; E. Norman Leslie, 1895. The charter was amended in 1849; the corporate limits were en larged in 1870 to embrace about one square mile; and in 1855 the vil lage was reincorporated under the new State law. In 1870 the site was resurveyed by Rhesa Griffin, assisted by James H. Gifford, of Mandana, who had formerly surveyed the town and village. i 1 William G. Ellery was born in Skaneateles, July 25, 1832; was a merchant, school teacher, and lawyer; served as town clerk from 1H74 to 1885, except one year, and died in November, 1887. 1000 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. The subject of fire extinguishment was considered long before the incorporation o'f the village, and in that act provision was made for an organized department and very soon afterward Fire Engine Company No. 1 was formed. The first record of its actual existence, however, appears in the Columbian February 20, 1835, when James G. Porter as foreman and G. W. Waring as secretary called a meeting for March 4 at the tavern of I. W. Perry. It is certain also that a second fire company flourished at this time, or shortly afterward. In 1858, when there was a fire company and a hose company, new life was infused into the department, and on March 14, 1866, the whole was reorganized, with forty-eight members, and with Jeremiah Shallish as chief en gineer; Thomas Kelley was foreman of the fire company and Henry D. Huxford commanded the hose company. Probably the earliest fire engine used in the village was an old " goose-neck " machine, now in the possession of the department. About 1856 or 1857 a hand engine was purchased, and is still ready for emergencies ; since the introduction of the present water works hose alone has been employed. In 1861 a reservoir was constructed for fire purposes on the academy corner. The fire department now consists of about forty members, organized into two hose companies and a hook and ladder company, with George C. Bench, chief, and J. R. Stacey, secretary. The first fire of importance which the department was called upon to extinguish was the disastrous conflagration of September 28, 1835, when about thirteen stores, shops, etc., comprising the principal busi ness part of the village, were burned, entailing a loss of over $50,000. In this fire the town records, which were in Spencer Parsons's office, were destroyed. Among the buildings burned were Parsons's cabinet shop, Nathaniel C. Miller's saddlery shop, W. M. Beauchamp's book store and bindery, John Legg's carriage manufactory (on the site of Legg Hall), M. A. Kinney's Columbian printing office, the dry goods stores of Charles Pardee, James G. Porter, Phares Gould, Gibbs & Burnett, Richard Talcott & Co., Nelson Hawley & Co., B. S. Wolcott & Co., and Dr. Samuel Porter's block, including Noadiah Kellogg's saddlery shop and a school house occupied by a Mr. Greene With charac teristic energy the lot owners soon rebuilt nearly all the burned dis trict. The next serious fire occurred February 4, 1842, when Dorastus Kellogg's woolen mills, employing about sixty-five hands, Spencer Hannum's machine shop, and Earll, Kellogg & Co.'s flouring mill and storehouse were burned, causing a loss of about $43,000. Earll, Kel- THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 1001 logg & Co. rebuilt the grist mill and placed it in operation early in 1843. On the site of Kellogg's woolen factory Spencer Hannum erected a foundry, which was burned January 6, 1850. He probably rebuilt the Skaneateles foundry, and operated it under the name of Hannum & Arnold; in 1850 it passed into possession of Samuel M. Drake. Mr. Hannum was born in Williamsburg, Mass., in 1799, came here about 1828, removed to Auburn in 1862, and finally returned to Williamsburg, where he died December 25, 1878. Dorastus Kellogg was born on the Obediah Thorn farm January 10, 1808, was engaged in early life in woolen manufacturing in Baldwinsville, settled in Skane ateles in 1834, and died in Oswego Falls, N.Y., February 1, 1885. Notwithstanding the number of distilleries in operation, practical results grew out of the active temperance work performed in the various communities. The Skaneateles Temperance Society flourished before and after 1835, under the secretaryship of Milton A. Kinney. In August, 1856, the Skaneateles Temperance Association was organ ized, with Chester Moses, president; Richard Talcott and Thaddeus Edwards, vice-presidents; Horace Hazen, treasurer; and John Snook, jr., secretary. A fund of nearly $5,000 was subscribed, and vigorous measures were taken to enforce the law. These societies exerted a marked influence throughout the town. About 1836 the Skaneateles Agricultural Society was formed by a number of the leading farmers of the town, and on October 22, 1839, the first cattle show was held in the village. This society was suc ceeded, on December 6, 1845, by another of the same name, which was merged into the Farmers' Club December 30, 1855. Among the leading members of this latter organization were William J. Townsend, William M. Beauchamp, Peter Whittlesey, Chester Moses, Lewis W. Cleveland, William P. Giles, S. Porter Rhoades, Frank E. Austin, E. H. Adams, Willis Clift, Martin C. De Witt, and J. Horatio Earll. The club has held many successful exhibits. In this connection the follow ing statistics of 1844 may be added: Acres of improved land, 20,866; bushels of barley grown, 25,572; peas, 4,592; beans, 409; potatoes, 34,164; wheat, 47,944; corn, 27,615; oats, 38,735; pounds of butter, 113,909; cheese, 28,527; number of sheep, 13,640; number of farmers, 544. The Erie Canal, which had been opened in 1825, was now (1840-45) adding in a perceptible degree to the prosperity of every industry. But the completion of the Syracuse and Auburn Railroad inaugurated a new epoch and marked the beginning of another era of local enter- 126 1002 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. prise. Unfortunately it passed just north of the north line of the town, about five miles from Skaneateles village, and in a measure, in later years, this thrifty center of population suffered from the withdrawal of trade. A project, however, was immediately instituted to preserve the fame and business of the place, and on May 16, 1836, the first Skane ateles Railroad Company was incorporated, with a capital of $25,000, the act naming Freeborn G. Jewett, Daniel Earll, David Hall (chair man), Richard Tallcott, Charles Pardee, and Lewis H. Sanford (secre tary), commissioners. In 1838 the construction of a wooden railroad was commenced between Skaneateles and Skaneateles Junction, the nearest point on the Syracuse-Auburn route, and September 30, 1840, this line was opened for passengers, who were carried over it in a horse car. The first depot in the village stood opposite the Packwood House; this was subsequently abandoned, and a building erected on the site of the present station house. Storrs Barrow was superintendent for many years. This crude railroad was closed August 24, 1850, and gave place to a plank road, which was succeeded by the present steam rail road operated by the Skaneateles Railroad Company, which was organ ized in 1866 with Joel Thayer, president; Leonard H. Earll, vice-presi dent; McKendree J. Dickerson, secretary; Eben Dean, treasurer. The road was completed and placed in operation in 1867. It is about five miles long and is probably the shortest railway line in the United States. Bonds were issued to the amount of $35,000 to aid in its construction. Meantime three religious societies had sprung into existence in Skaneateles village. The Baptists had for several years alternated with their brethren of Elbridge in holding services. About 1832 they formed a separate church and purchased the old Congregational meet ing house, which was moved down from the hill and refitted. In 1842 a new edifice was erected on the site of an old red blacksmith shop. Among the early pastors were Revs. Amasa Smith, Nathan Denison, Charles Elliott, and Henry Bowen. Prior to 1832 the Methodists held services in a school house on West Genesee street, their preachers being the circuit riders. In that year and the next "Father" Bibbins held a successful revival, a society was organized, and in 1834, under the pastorate of Rev. Lyman R. Redington, a church was erected at a cost, including lot and improve ments, of about $3,900. This was enlarged in 1853, and in 1859 David Hall built at his own expense a brick edifice and presented it to the society. The- corner-stone was laid June 7, 1859, and the structure was THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 1003 dedicated Jannary 12, 1860. It cost about $5,000. In 1869 it was en larged and remodeled at an expense of $9,500. In April, 1841, a Congregational church society was organized in pursuance of a call issued by Chester Moses and Thaddeus Edwards, and for several years occupied the Congregational (subsequently the Lyceum) hall. It finally became extinct. The years 1838 and 1840 were memorable in the history of the town. Both were characterized by great political excitement. As a result of the so-called "patriot war" on the border of Canada, some of the citi zens, it is said, were sent to Van Dieman's land in 1838. In 1840 oc curred the eventful Harrison-Tippecanoe campaign. The Whigs raised their log cabin one day, and on the next an effigy of their candi date hung from a tall pole in a conspicuous part of the village, and it remained there several weeks. At this point a number of prominent settlers and residents of the town may be appropriately noticed : Among them were Moses Loss, who came before 1800 and died July 20, 1853; Lu ther C. Lawrence, died November 9, 1851 ; D. Kellogg Leitch, John Barrow, who died in 1874, father of John D. , the artist, and George, a lawyer, at one time mem ber of assembly, and delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1894 ; Peter M. Pell, whose death occurred in 1874: Peter Thompson, who, with John Billings, walked from Windsor, Vt. , to Skaneateles in 1812, and died here in 1874 ; Nicholas J. Roose velt, who arrived in 1831, and died in 1854; Colonel Humphrey, who died in 1850; George F. Leitch, son-in-law of Daniel Kellogg, died in 1855 ; William Hall, died in 1856; Capt. Nash De Cost, a sea captain, died in 1858; Nehemiah Smith, long a tin smith in the village, died in 1859; Philander K. Williamson (harnessmaker), Peleg Slocum, and William H. Jewett (the latter the only son of Hon. Freeborn G. Jewett), all of whom died in 1859 ; James Tyler, stage agent, died in 1864 ; William Fuller, assemblyman in 1841 and 1842, died in 1864 ; Chester Moses, whose death occurred July 11, 1862; Samuel Francis, sr., died in 1865, aged ninety-four; Alfred Hitchcock and Russell Frost, who died in October, 1865 ; Daniel Piatt, died in 1866 ; Ebenezer E. Austin,, died in 1867; Alonzo Gillett, brick manufacturer; William Packwood, brother of John, died in 1883; Howard Delano, born in Rensselaer county in 1804, came here when young, was associated for several years with Spencer Hannum, re moved to Syracuse and founded the Delano Iron Works, and died there March 3, 1883 ; John B. Furman (" Captain Jack "), son of John S. , born here in 1816 and died in 1884; Heman Northrop, from Vermont, who died in 1884; Thomas Morton, born in Scotland in 1830, came to Skaneateles in 1858, was railroad commissioner several terms, and died at Mottville in 1884; Charles J. Elliott, artist; Holcolm Peck, served under Gen. Levi Lusk in the war of 1812, settled here in 1820 ; Lewis W. Cleveland, born in Massachusetts in 1796, came to this town in 1816, whose mother died here in 1861, aged 104; Ezra L. Stiles, born in Otis, Mass., March 11, 1796, came here in 1817, joined the Masons the same year, and became a woolen manufacturer ; John M. Pur- 1004 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. cell, died in 1886 ; Andrew Blodgett, born in Cazenovia in 1808, died at Mottville in 1888; Christopher C. Wyckoff, born and lived in this town, died August 81, 1889, aged sixty-six ; Edward S. Hoyt, died in April, 1891 ; Major Samuel Pierce, died in July, 1850; Alfred Wilkinson, died in July, 1852; George Francis, a long-time hatter, died in April, 1874; Stephen Horton, a leading merchant, died in New York while on business October 23, 1832 ; Dr. Hopkins, died October 7, 1837, being succeeded by Dr. Bartlett ; Francis Flint (colored), who died December 15, 1837, aged 104 ; James C. Fuller, a Quaker, died here in 1847 ; Henry and Moses Cuykendall, the latter an early blacksmith ; and Edward D. Murray, J. B. Stillson, Chester Clark, William L. G. Smith, James H. Fargo, Edward O. Gould, and Henry A. Adams, Capt. Benjamin Lee settled on the Shotwell farm near Skaneateles village in 1821. He was born in England in 1765, became a sea cap tain, and died here in 1828. Between 1824 and 1827 he made a series of systematic soundings of Skaneateles Lake, computing its average depth at 120 feet. Among his computations were: Off One Mile 'Point, 78 feet; off Five Mile Point, 218 feet; off Mandana, 265 feet; off Nine Mile Point 275 feet. He also drew a chart or map, from observation, on which he made the lake resemble in outline a female figure, and which is now preserved in the library. Bishop Burnett, a retired British officer, was a patriotic man and fond of pyrotechnic display. At an early day he procured some fireworks and " the forests were in a blaze of glory, and wheels whirred, and rockets soared, and Mr. Burnett's coat took fire, and there was a grand time generally. " He had a small fish pond back of the subsequent residence of the late Benoni Lee. James Sackett was another character of the times. It is said he came to Skaneateles with about $40,000, and being a bachelor lived a life of leisure. His residence, which he purchased of John Briggs, still stands, in a remodeled form, near the lake shore west of the bridge in the village. Irritable and profane he was Isaac Sherwood's equal, and for several years occasionally moved his barn to and from the front of the latter's tavern. On one occasion it is said he tore a chimney down to get a cricket out. George H. Earll, son of Hezekiah, previously mentioned, was born in this town May 28, 1829, and died October 30, 1873. Upon his father's death he succeeded to the old "Community " farm, and afterward bought the Carpenter farm of his brother Julius. He became one of the largest and best dairy farmers of the county, owning at one time over 800 acres and keeping upwards of seventy-five cows, and with his cousin, Andrew J. Earll, was also an extensive hop grower. He was president of the Hart Lot Paper Company, one of the first stockholders in the Skaneateles Iron Works, at one time owner THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 1005 of the Skaneateles Lime Works, and a director in the Skaneateles Sav ings Bank. In 1871 he built on the outlet one of the largest distilleries in the country. Hon. Nathan Kelsey Hall was born in Skaneateles on the 28th of March, 1810, and became eminently distinguished in State and Nation. In 1826 he went to Aurora, N. Y., and commenced the study of' law with Millard Fillmore, afterward president of the United States, with whom he moved to Buffalo in 1830, where he was admitted to the bar two years later. He was appoint ed first judge of the Court of Co m mon Pleas of Erie county in Janu ary, 1841, and was elected to the State Legislature in 1845 anda member of congress in 1846. On July 23, 1850, he was appointed postmaster-general by President William Henry Harrison. In August, 1852, he received the ap pointment of judge of the U. S. District Court for the northern district of New York, a position he held for several years. Mr. Hall served in all these capacities with conspicuous ability, and attained high rank as a jurist. Other very prominent citizens of Skaneateles were Daniel Kellogg, and Hon. Freeborn G. Jewett, both of whom are noticed elsewhere in this work. Samuel C. Wheadon was born in Marcellus, October 19, 1802, removed to Mottville in 1824, and died in Skaneateles June 8, 1881. He engaged in the foundry and manufacturing business, kept hotel, served as deputy sheriff several years, and in 1848 became a merchant and continued until his death. His children were Orlando D., Edward D., James P., and Mrs. E. F. Barrow. Joel Thayer, born in Ontario county July 18, 1812, came to Skaneateles in May, 1835, and married Juliette, only daughter of his employer, John Legg. He was one of the organizers and for ten years president of the Skaneateles Railroad Company, built the present Legg block in 1866-68, was pres ident of the Bank of Skaneateles and of the Trust and Deposit Com- Nathan K. Hall. 1006 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. pany of Syracuse, vice-president of the Syracuse Chilled Plow and the Central City Railroad Companies, and was heavily interested in many other enterprises. His only child is the wife of Henry T. Webb. Harmon B. Benedict, when he completes his present term, will have served as justice of the peace forty consecutive years, and will then be eighty years old. Mrs. Elizabeth T. Porter-Beach, a native of Skan eateles, attained considerable distinction in literature. She wrote " Pelayo; an epic of the olden Moorish time," in recognition of which the Queen of Spain and Empress Eugenie conferred upon her royal honors. Among the merchants and business men of the village may be added the names of B. C. M. Tucker, cabinet maker ; C. W. Allis, groceries ; J. Day and L. S. Smith & Co. , tailors and clothiers ; L. P. Carter, groceries ; Brinkerhoff & Porter and Phares Gould, general store ; E. A. Sessions (successor to Nathaniel Miller), harness ; David Hilliard, lumber; L. Little, successor to L. P. Carter; Dr. H. R. Lord, dentist; R. M. & S. H. Burnett, booksellers ; Leyden Porter, Bench & Bean, hardware ; Isom & Hall, general merchants ; John Rossiter and Alonzo Gillett, brick and tile man ufacturers; T. J. Gale, bookseller, successor to W. M. Beauchamp; James Bench, hardware; Edward Eckett, baker and cracker manufacturer; and R. M. Stacey, Foote & Nye, Charles N. Hatch, Lyman Hall, William Crozier, and others. Mr. Crosier came here in 1836, and for more than fifty years carried on a furniture and undertaking business. He died December 12, 1889. Between 1825 and about 1850 several select schools were maintained in Skaneateles, notably by Thomas W. Allis from 1818 to about 1832; Revs. Mr. Brower and Mr. Lyman; Miss Pratt, who opened a "Young Ladies Seminary" in her father's residence in 1839; Miss Ann Eliza Humphrey about 1843; and Mrs. E. M. Haven, who opened the "Skan eateles Female Seminary," a private enterprise, about 1850. St. James Institute was started in 1852, under the auspices of Rev. A. C. Patter son, rector of St. James church, with E. N. Leslie, N. I. Roosevelt Dorastus Kellogg, S. M. Drake, and John Snook, jr., managers, and William G., Lloyd, M. A., and Miss Mary Jane Drake, principals. This continued successfully for several years. Community Place had its inception in a meeting held in Congrega tional Hall March 22, 1843, and continued in existence until about 1845. It consisted of thirty or forty men, women and children, all infidels, who lived in common on a farm of 300 acres, two miles north of Skan eateles. Collins was the principal man, and their dictator. About 1845 the town had attained, probably, the height of its pros perity. It contained 867 voters, 386 militia men, six churches, eight een common schools, which cost, with the real estate and improvements THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 1007 $4,400, 903 school children, nine retail stores, four groceries, ten mer chants, forty-four manufacturers, 308 mechanics, four saw mills, three woolen factories, two iron works, a trip hammer, two distilleries, an ashery, two tanneries, one brewery, five taverns, seven clergymen, six lawyers, and six physicians. Of Skaneateles the editor of the Colum bian, on December 10, 1846, says: It is gratifying to perceive, amidst the disasters that have befallen our village for several years past, by fires, removals, and the misfortunes of our business men, that there still remains some portion of its former energetic and thrifty character, and the frequent prophecies of its decrease of population and business there is reason to hope, were at least premature. Situated as we are, at some little distance from the main thoroughfare of travel and business, it cannot be expected that the increase in business and population should keep pace with towns on the line of the canal and railroad. But it would be difficult to give a reason why this village, surrounded as it is by a country unsurpassed in fertility and cultivation, and possessing every requisite for a sound and substantial increase in growth and business, should not at the least retain all its present numbers and thrift. In proof that we are not de creasing in numbers it appears that there is not a dwelling of any description at present unoccupied. Prior to 1843 two school districts comprised the village of Skane ateles; in that year they were united under Union Free School District No. 10, and on November 6 the first term of school opened in the old academy building with Elijah W. Hager as principal. For one full century Skaneateles Lake has exerted a direct, potent, and wholesome influence upon the growth and prosperity of the town, and especially upon the handsome village that bears its name. Its pure cold waters, gushing up from perpetual springs, originally af forded food to the aborigine and subsequently furnished the tables of white settlers and visitors. Large quantities of lake trout and other fish have been taken from its depths, its glistening surface has borne every variety of craft, while its waters have turned the wheels of numerous industries. The beautiful scenery adorning its shores, the purity of its atmosphere, the aquatic pleasures upon its surface, have spread its name far and wide, and attracted hither scores of summer residents. Withiri the last twenty-five or thirty years, and particularly during the past decade, it has become a favorite resort. Its velvety banks, in the village and the immediate neighborhood, have been beautified by a number of pretty cottages, villas, and country seats, while its upper shores are adorned in places with many handsome homes. The majority of travel passes through the village, where a large portion of it ends. This has given existence to a considerable 1008 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. summer business, which constitutes an important source of revenue, and which is destined to become greater as the region is more and more appreciated. As late as 1800 or '10 the land in tfie village now occupied by the Legg block,, Dixon House, and adjacent buildings was without a structure of any kind. Had this condition remained unchanged the value of the lake front would have been greatly enhanced. At a very early day, before a dam had blocked the outlet, the surface of the lake was bewteen eight and ten feet lower than at present. Before the first dam was constructed the land owners along the lake shores signed off all claims for damages which might result from the water overflowing its original banks. This was an individual matter, and was done for the benefit of the water power along the outlet, but one proviso was made, namely, that a carding mill and grist mill should forever be kept in operation in Skaneateles. Both of these enterprises, however, have been discontinued. The lake, according to the State engineer's reports, contains 8,320 acres, and lies 860 feet above sea level and 463 feet above the Erie Canal at Syracuse. The first steamer borne upon its surface was the "Independence," which made her trial trip July 22, 1831. This boat was not a success, and subsequently became the schooner "Constitution." Soon afterward the steamer "Highland Chief" was launched, but this, too, was made over in to a sailing vessel. In 1848 the steamer " Skaneateles" was built and run by Hecox & Reed for a year or two. On May 24, 1849, the " Homer," Capt. Rishworth Mason, was floated. The steam propeller " Ben H. Porter," Capt. W. R. Bailey, was launched in 1866, and continued in use many years. The present steamer is the "Glen Haven." About 1840 annual re gattas were inaugurated, and for many years furnished exciting amuse ment. Sailboats of every variety made the lake a scene of animation, and gave existence to quite a navy, with which Dr. H. R. Lord was permanently identified as secretary. For a short time, in 1853, it also gave birth to the " Naval Bulletin," which was issued from the Demo crat office. Rev. W. M. Beauchamp, of Baldwinsville, brought to gether a series of artistic sketches, with descriptions, from his own pencil, showing the lake and village as they existed between 1840 and 1850, and presented them to the library in 1882. Our allusion to Skaneateles Lake may fittingly close with the following stanza: " Happily named by our Indians bold, Brave Onondagas, red men of the west, Beautiful Squaw! and by connoisseurs old, Fair Lake of Venus! haven of rest." THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 1009 In 1850 and '51 a plank road was projected between Skaneateles and Mandana. Corinthian Lodge, F. & A. M. , Skaneateles, received a dis pensation March 26, 1852, but a few years later it was discontinued. Skaneateles Lodge, No. 522, F. & A. M., was chartered June 12, 1862, with John H. Gregory as W. M. On December 10, 1869, Charles H. Piatt Chapter, No. 247, R. A. M., was organized with nine members under Henry J. Hubbard as H. P. There is also an Odd Fellows lodge of about 100 members in Skaneateles village. About 1845 the Roman Catholics began to hold services in the village, and in May, 1853, a church edifice was commenced. It was dedicated September 7, 1856, and cost $2,500. Rev. William McCallion was pastor until his death in 1864. Rev. F. J. Purcell, the present pastor, assumed charge in June, 1865. Their church was burned May 23, 1866, and on June 30, 1867, another edifice, costing $11,000, was consecrated. This society is known as St. Mary's of the Lake, and connected with it is St. Bridget's chapel at Skaneateles Falls, which was organized and built by Father Purcell, cost $5,000, and was dedicated September 20, 1874. St. Mary's Temperance Society, founded January 7, 1869, has continuously exerted a practical and useful influence along temperance lines, and is one of the few organizations of its kind which have main tained an uninterrupted existence. During the sanguinary war of the Rebellion the town of Skaneateles made a record of which she may well feel proud. At the very open ing of .the struggle war meetings were held and prompt responses were made. About 375 volunteers went from this section, or were born here and enlisted elsewhere, or subsequently resided in the town, and among those who distinguished themselves in the service were Dr. Benedict, surgeon ; Van R. Hilliard, captain ; Mortimer Kellogg, chief engineer U. S. Navy; Lewis H. Mower, captain; Edward E. Potter, brigadier- general ; and Charles Willetts, lieutenant-colonel. On June 25, 1862, the Ladies' Aid Society was organized with Mrs. Anson Lapham, president; Mrs. William H. Jewett, vice-president; Mrs. H. Piatt, secretary: and Miss E. A. Lapham, treasurer, for the purpose of assisting soldiers at the front. They performed a noble work in forwarding clothing and supplies and ameliorating the hardships of army life. In July, 1838, a soldiers' monument associa tion was organized under the auspices of Ben H. Porter Post, No. 164, G. A. R., with Henry T. Webb, president; F. G. Weeks, vice- president ; and George H. Wicks, secretary and treasurer, and May 30, 127 1010 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1889, the corner stone of the present stone memorial in Lakeview Cemetery was laid with appropriate ceremonies. The monument was dedicated September 4, 1895, with appropriate ceremonies, in which G. A. R. posts of adjoining towns participated. The era of the Rebellion also marked the instit :tion of banking in terests in Skaneateles. In March, 1863, the Lake Bank was organized with Anson Lapham, president; Charles Pardee, vice-president; H. J. Hubbard, cashier. It is claimed that this was the first bank in the State to organize under the United States National Banking Act. It was opened May 19, 1863, and in 1865' Mr. Pardee succeeded to the presidency. In 1866 it became the First National Bank, and finally it was merged into Charles Pardee's private banking business, which he continued until his death. The Skaneateles Savings Bank was incor porated April 16, 1866, with the following trustees: John Barrow, president ; Richard Talcott, vice-president ; Henry T. Webb, secretary and treasurer; Anson Lapham, Charles Pardee, Joel Thayer, Henry L. Roosevelt, Caleb W. Allis, Josias Garlock, Henry J. Hubbard, Leonard H. Earll, Ezekiel B. Hoyt, George H. Earll, and Joab L. Clift. The presidents succeeding Mr. Barrow have been Joab L. Clift from November, 1866, to January 14, 1879; John M. Nye to January 9, 1883 ; John E. Waller, incumbent. F. G. Jewett succeeded Mr. Webb as secretary and treasurer in April, 1867; in December of that year he was followed by Josias Garlock, and after him came John H. Gregory, under whom the office was separated, his son, Fred H.r be coming secretary. J. H. Gregory died in September, 1894, and J. Horatio Earll was elected secretary and treasurer; January 1, 1895, Emerson H. Adams became secretary; the vice-presidents are Will iam B. Lawton and Willis Piatt. The trustees are John E. Waller, William B. Lawton, Willis ^latt, Newell Turner, Lewis B. Fitch, Joseph Allen, Emerson H. Adams, J. Horatio Earll, John C. Stephen son, Willis F. Cuddeback, John McNamara, Philo S. Thornton, George D. Cuddeback. The Bank of Skaneateles was incorporated under the State law June 10, 1869, with a capital of $100,000, since reduced to $60,000. The first officers were Joel Thayer, president; Anson Lapham, vice-presi dent; and Benjamin F. Stiles, cashier; Elias Thorn, Benoni Lee, Will iam Marvin, Benjamin F. Stiles, Hiram C. Sherman, Jacob H. Allen, D. C. Coon, Abram Lawton, Augustus P. Earll, James A. Root, and F. G. Weeks, directors. Mr, Stiles, as cashier, was followed succes- THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 1011 sively by C. W. Allis, Henry T. Webb, and (in June, 1880) B. F. Petheram, who has been connected with the bank since January 1, 1871. In 1881 C. W. Allis succeeded Mr. Thayer as president. The vice- president is Joseph C. Willetts, and the directors are Caleb W. Allis, Joseph C. Willetts, Elias Thome, Jacob H. Allen, Abram A. Lawton, B. F. Petheram, James A. Root, William Marvin, Joseph S. Shotwell, Philip Allen, William G. Thorne, William B. Lawton. Referring again to the manufacturing interests we find that a stone mill was built in the village in 1845 by the Skaneateles Mill Company (John Legg and Nelson Hawley). Two years before this Ransom Crosby had started a steam saw mill, and a year earlier still J. M. Arnold and W. H. Willetts purchased the Talcott foundry. The stone mill was operated by John Legg & Co., and Joel Thayer & Co., and Mollard & Irish, under whom it was burned in 1882. It was rebuilt in 1883 by William R. Willetts & Co., and is now used as a storehouse by Stephen Thornton. The Hart Lot Paper Company was organized in August, 1868, the plant being erected in the north edge of this town by J. and G. H. Earll on the site of a distillery, which was built in 1855. The capital was $100,000, and among the owners were Julius H. Earll and John M. Nye. The Glenside Woolen Mills, about four miles north of Skaneateles, were built by the Skaneateles Iron Works Company about 1869 at a cost of $108,000. In 1874 they were sold on foreclosure; in August, 1881, J. McLaughlin's Sons purchased the property for $6,000 and converted it into a woolen mill. They failed, and in December, 1888, the Glenside Woolen Company was incorporated, with a capital of $150,000. The Skaneateles Lime Works were established in 1860 by P. C. Car- rigan, whose later associates were George H. Earll, Eben Bean, and E. B. Coe; subsequent proprietors were E. B. Hoyt & Co. (under whom it received the name of Marysville Lime Works) and P. C. Car- rigan & Co. E. B. Hoyt and Thomas Morton erected a woolen mill at the Falls in 1867 ; in 1875 Mr. Morton became sole owner, and in 1879 the plant passed to his son, Gavin. The Earll distillery, near Mottville, was purchased by F. G. Weeks in 1875 and converted into a paper mill. A little south of this is the site of the oldest paper mill in town, among the proprietors of which were Reed & Case, Ray & Ban nister, Bannister & Hubbard, and in 1871 F. G. Weeks. It was burned on February 9, 1877, and rebuilt on a larger scale. 1012 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. What is known as Long Bridge was called "No God" when the " Community " flourished near by, and at an early day George Cullen had a blacksmith shop here. Afterward the place had a woolen factory, which was burned about 1861, and on the site F. A. Sinclair and Joseph Hubbard built the Union Chair Factory in 1866. In 1867 Mr. Sinclair became, and is still, sole owner. The old Cataract flouring mill was erected by Barnes & Co. in 1869, and among its operators were H. B. Benedict & Son, Nelson Martin, and William Sinclair. At Mottville H. B. Benedict opened a general store in 1858, was joined by his brother in 1860, and was burned out in 1865. In 1866 they built a brick store. Other merchants were David Hall, J. C. S. Spencer, S. L. Benedict, and John Gamble & Co. A brick school house was built here in 1871. Among the postmasters were Henry Hunsiker, S. L. Benedict, Alanson Watson, Mrs. Olive A. Eastwood. Edward Burgess was a shoemaker here in 1837. In 1862 Thomas Alexander, Gavin Morton, sr., and John Stephenson established the Mottville Woolen Mills, of which Thomas Morton finally became pro prietor. In May, 1881, he leased them to his sons, John W. and Thomas, jr. About 1841 J. L. Case had a sash factory here, and here also existed a malt house and brewery, which was long run by Elias and Henry Hunsiker and later by Hunsiker & Hait. William Barber had a large rag warehouse at Mottville, which developed into an ex tensive business. The Mottville flouring mill was formerly a cotton factory. In 1880 it passed to H. C. Sherman. This foundry and machine shop was early operated by Morehouse & Hannum, Howard Delano, and in 1849 by E. B. and E. S. Hoyt, who were also general merchants here. Other owners were E. H. Hoyt, Delano & Hoyt, and 'John M. Nye. The plant was burned September 5, 1867, rebuilt, and is now operated by F. D. Hoyt. Here are also the chair factory of W. J. Moreland and grist mill of N. L. Martin. The Mottville Paper Company was incorporated August 12, 1886, with a capital of $30,000, and with the following directors: Dr. J. W. Brown, president; William Barber, secretary and treasurer; Harvey Brown, Byron Chatfield, and Nelson L. Martin. Between Mottville and Willow Glen, at a place once called Earllville, a mill was built by Abijah Earll in 1818; it w^s burned in 1825, and rebuilt by Cotton, Lewis & Co. Near the site was successively a saw mill, a linseed oil mill, a grist mill, and a distillery, in each of which Mr. Earll was interested. In 1857 the large distillery was established and C? Jo /j-trysfc THE TOWN OF SKANEATELES. 1013 operated for about twenty-five years principally by Daniel Earll and his sons, Augustus P. and Leonard H. About 1882 the property was pur chased by F. G. Weeks, who organized the Lakeside Paper Company, with a capital of $20,000. The Skaneateles Paper Company was formed December 9, 1875, with a capital of $65,000. On this site a grist mill was built in 1830 by Sol omon Earll. About 1840 it was converted into a distillery by Earll & Kellogg, and in 1864 Earlls, Thayer & Co. made it over into a paper mill, which was later conducted by Earlls, Palmer & Co. Willow Glen was at one time the busiest manufacturing place in town. A large woolen mill was built here by Dorastus Kellogg, was later owned by Alexander Horton, M. D. Dickerson, and Bradford Kennedy, now of Bradford Kennedy, Sons & McGuire, of Syracuse, and was burned in May, 1880. Michael Meagher opened a grocery in the place in 1860. On the east side of the lake Jesse Deland built a steam sawmill about 1872, which passed to Absalom Chatham, the boiler of which exploded September 12, 1875, killing B. R. and A. R. Chatham and Darwin Price. Paul & Chorley now own a saw mill in Skaneateles village. During the last few years the boat building industry has given Skan eateles village quite a reputation, and the Bowdish Manufacturing Com pany and the Skaneateles Boat and Canoe Company are entitled to much credit in this connection. Both have turned out a number of handsome skiffs, canoes, and other small craft. Reference has been made to early burial places, the first of which was on the John Briggs farm, near the "Red House." The second was located in the village on the site of the old Kellogg mansion, and from this sixteen bodies were removed in 1803 to the Briggs farm on lot 36, a half acre of which was purchased by the Skaneateles Relig ious Society, May 30, 1808, for $25. This society bought also an ad joining half acre of David Seymour, on January 27, 1812, and these plats constituted the cemetery for the village and vicinity until 1846. The Mottville burying ground was opened about 1819, when some of the bodies were removed thither from the Samuel Briggs farm. On August 21, 1846, Charles Pardee and F. G. Jewett purchased about one acre, adjoining the old burial place, of J. C. Fuller for $392, and laid it out into 224 lots, and on September 14, of the same year, bought of Samuel Fuller an undivided half acre for $360. In May, 1860, the Hall Grove Cemetery Association (named in honor of David Hall, who 1014 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. donated eight and a quarter acres of land on the creek road) was or ganized, with Richard Talcott, David Hall, Chester Moses, Eben Bean, John Gregory, and Thomas Snook, trustees; John Barrow, treasurer; and Thomas Isom, jr., secretary. On August 26, 1871, Lakeview Cemetery Association was incorporated, with William Marvin, chair man ; P. Oscar C. Benton, secretary ; and twelve trustees. They pur chased seven and a half acres adjoining the old cemetery of E. R. Smith, and in September, 1872, secured a deed from the trustees of the Skaneateles Religious Society for the original plat. About 1867 Methodist services were held at Skaneateles Falls, in the house of M. B. Bannister, class leader, and later in the school house and elsewhere. November 2, 1877, an M. E. church was organized and the same year an edifice was erected through the generosity of F. G. Weeks, at a cost of $1,500. It was dedicated February 6, 1878. Mott ville had been a Methodist appointment for several years. In 1872 the old school house was purchased and fitted up for regular services and dedicated January 24, 1873. On September 10, 1885, a new edifice, which cost $4,800, was dedicated. On July 19, 1870, the old Lake House, formerly called the Houn- dayaga House and originally known as the Indian Queen Hotel, was destroyed by fire. It was enlarged in 1858, and for many years con tained the only public hall in the village. It occupied the site of the Shear block, on the corner of Genesee and Jordan streets, which was built in 1881-82. Skaneateles was made a money order office August 6, 1866. The postmasters following Charles J. Burnett (1817-1843) have been: Joel Thayer, appointed July 5, 1843; John Snook, jr., appointed April, 1849; Josias Garlock, May, 1853; Capt. Horace Hazen, May, 1861; F. G. Weeks, May, 1869; John B. Marshall, 1873; Edson D. Gillett, Feb ruary, 1885; J. Horatio Earll, January 24, 1894, incumbent. The Skaneateles Water Company was organized August 11, 1887, by George Barrow, president; J. K. Knox, secretary; B. F. Petheram, treasurer. The supply of water is taken from the lake by pumping. In November, 1889, franchises were granted to the Central New York Electric Light and Power Company by the town and village. The electricity is transmitted to Skaneateles village from the company's plant near Elbridge, which also supplies the villages of Elbridge and Jordan. George Barrow is president and secretary. On September 27, 1890, the corner stone of the handsome brick and stone engine house and village hall was laid. THE TOWN OF DEWITT. 1015 Glen Haven, at the head of Skaneateles Lake, and in Cortland county, is a well-known summer resort. Dr. Jackson established a "water cure " there many years ago under humble conditions. There is now a spacious hotel and many handsome cottages nestled under the high, wood-covered hill, from which a mineral spring amply supplies all with water. Dr. Thomas, associated with Mr. Mourin in the proprietorship, still maintains a "cure;" but the picturesqueness and pure air of the place, situated almost 900 feet above tide-water, are its principal attrac tions. Its patronage is almost wholly from Syracuse and Philadelphia. The supervisors of this town since its organization in 1830 have been as follows: Tunis Van Houghten, 1830-31; Dorastus Lawrence, 1832-33; Chester Clark, 1836 -38; William Fuller, 1839-41; Samuel H. Greenman, 1842-43; James H. Gifford, 1844; Spencer Hannum, 1845^6; William H. Jewett, 1847-48; Aaron Brinkerhoff, 1849-52 ; Daniel T. Moseley, 1853-55 ; John Barrow, 1856 ; Dorastus Lawrence, 1857 ; John Barrow, 1858-60; Caleb W. Allis, 1861-64; John H. Smith, 1865-68; Edward B. Coe, 1869-70; George T. Campbell, 1871; George W. Earll, 1872; Thomas Mor ton, 1873; H. B. Benedict, 1874; Andrew J. Earll, 1875-77; John H. Gregory, 1878- 79; Dennis Bockes, 1880; J. Horatio Earll, 1881; Dennis Bockes, 1882-88; Stephen Thornton, 1889-96. The population of this town in the years named has been as follows: 1830, 3,812; 1835, 3,575; 1840, 3,981; 1845, 3,827; 1850, 4,080; 1855, 3,976; 1860, 4,335; 1865, 4,128; 1870, 4,514; 1875, 5,035; 1880, 4,866; 1890, 4,662; 1892,4,994, CHAPTER XLVI. THE TOWN OF DEWITT. With the exception of Geddes, the town of Dewitt was the last town organized in Onondaga county. It embraces a little more than thirty- six lots of military township No. 7, Manlius, the numbers of which and the names of their grantees are as follows: No. 5, Lieut.-Col. Ebenezer Stephens; 9, John Williamson; 10, Capt. Leonard Bleecker; 11, Moses Darling; 12, Henry House; 20, reserved for gospel and schools; 21, James Cator; 22, Lieut.-Col. Jacobus S. Bruyn; 23, Lieut. Michael Connolly; 29, Christopher Decker; 30, Peter McClusky; 31, William Buckhoudt; 32, John Pierre- pont; 40, John Salsbury; 41, Ensign William Peters; 42, William Ivory; 43, James Adams; 49, Lieut. George Leaycraft; 50, Amassey Allen; 51, Capt. Jacobus Wyn- koop; 52, John McLean; 60, William Knights; 61, Capt. Charles Graham; 62, 1016 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Brampton Hitchcock; 63, John Way; 70, Capt. John Doughty; 71, Benjamin Run- nion; 72, Gershom Smith; 73, Capt. John Sanford; 80, Jacob Wilse; 81, Archibald Elliott; 82, reserved for gospel and schools; 83, Ensign John Marsh; 91, William Godwin; 92, Edmund Robinson; 93, Brig. -Gen. James Clinton; 94, William John son. Besides these, parts of lots 74, 84, and 95 are in the southeast corner of the town, the grantees of which are named in the history of Manlius. It is not recorded that any of these grantees settled on their lands, although some of them were prominent men in this section of the State. On the organization of the county in March, 1794, this territory was included in the civil town of Manlius, and so remained until April 12, 1835, when it was erected into a separate town with its present limits, or 23,400 acres of land. So it is that its early history was made in the town of Manlius. It lies just east of the center of the county and is bounded on the north by Cicero, on the east by Manlius, on the south by Pompey and La Fayette, and on the west by Onondaga, Syracuse and Salina. The north half of Dewitt is nearly level, while the south part is broken and hilly, the declivities being steep in many places, their summits rising to 500 or more feet above the valleys. Along But ternut Creek, which has its head in Pompey and flows northerly and northeasterly through Jamesville to the Erie Canal, to which it is an important feeder, and which being rapid affords excellent water-power, were built some of the earliest mills in all this region. Besides this there are two somewhat famous lakes, one (Green Lake) a mile west of Jamesville and another (White Lake) some two miles northeast of that village. A little south of Jamesville is a picturesque reservoir con structed by the State to sustain navigation on the western end of the "long level " of the Erie Canal, the dam being built of heavy masonry. Below it is one of the most romantic ravines in the county. The entire valley through which the creek passes is interesting and attractive and possessed of much history. The country about Jamesville is pictur esque, "rough, ragged and righteous," as was once written of Gibral tar, with quarries here and there, and lime kilns among them. There are also caves in the vicinity of some importance, notably one about a mile east of Jamesville, which was discovered in 1807 by Nathan Beck- with, while sinking a well. It is some twenty feet below the surface, and in size is about five by seven feet. A small stream of water runs along the bottom. When opened it emitted a strong current of air, Engi-.ivo.il hv J.K Campbell.. N V THE TOWN OF DEWITT. 1017 A story is told of a newly married couple, from Cazenovia, who en tered the cave on a warm day in August to avoid the heat and remained there some three hours. When they emerged they found themselves to be thoroughly chilled, were taken ill, and both died within the fol lowing week. Another and much larger cavern was discovered at a point two miles west of the village, and around it clusters a wealth of tradition. There is an old and improbable tradition that when it was first entered mining tools and a bar of silver, two inches square and eighteen inches long, with a steel point, were found in its mouth, while some twenty rods from the entrance a kettle of money, supposed to have been coined there, was dug up. This led to the belief that a silver mine existed in the neighborhood. Again, while excavating a water trench near the old Dr. Baldwin house the workmen were accosted by a stranger, who said that not many feet away lay the skeleton of a man, which was discovered, and also that the land contained valuable treasures, which were never found, although for several years the vicinity was more or less explored. Another legend runs that when Colonel Van Schaick invaded the region in 1779 a squaw took refuge in this cave until the Onondagas were free from danger. The town also contains other noteworthy features -of more than local interest. The Messina Springs, situated north of where the New York Central Railroad freight tracks cross the extension of James street about three miles east of the city, were so named in 1835 from Messina in Sicily, near ancient Syracuse. The water is strongly impregnated with sulphur and has some claim for medicinal use. At one time they had some notoriety. They were discovered by Lewis Sweeting before the commencement of this century. On lot 81, north of Jamesville, gypsum was found in 1811 and later extensively manufactured into land plaster. Water limestone was also found in 1820 in large quanti ties and has for many years been an important article of manufacture for market. So recent as 1895 discoveries of igneous rock, indicating volcanic eruptions at some remote period, were made by Prof. Philip F. Schneider and formed the subject of a special report by geologists of the United States survey under the title: " New Intrusive Dike at De Witt. " Various eruptive conditions constituting interesting geolog ical studies combine to make this an interesting field for the scientist and lover of nature7. This town was named in honor of Major Moses De Witt, whose re mains are buried near Jamesville, and a sketch of whose life is given 128 1018 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. in Chapter XXIV. His residence was on lot 3, Pompey (now in the northeast eorner of La Fayette), which was drawn by his uncle, Gen. James Clinton. Near his grave is that of his brother Egbert, and the now weather-beaten tombstone bears the following inscriptions : "Moses De Witt, Major of Militia and Judge of the County Courts; one of the first, most active and useful settlers of the county. He was born on the 15th of October, 1766, and died on the 15th day of August, 1794." "Also of his brother, Egbert De Witt, born 25th of April, 1768, died 30th of May, 1793." The latter's was the first white death in the town. Benjamin Morehouse was the first white settler within Dewitt terri tory, where he arrived with his wife and three children on the 26th of April, 1789, a little less than one year after Asa Danforth and Comfort Tyler came to Onondaga Valley. Morehouse built a log cabin on the flats about two miles east of Jamesville and there in 1790 opened the first tavern in the county. This was the house where so many meet ings of various kinds were held in early years and which has neces sarily been so often mentioned in these pages. It was rudely but com- modiously constructed to accommodate "man and beast," a sign read. He possessed all the elements of a popular landlord, and from his general intelligence and his dignified manner became well known as "The Governor." He was first quite alone in the wilderness of that locality. It was seven miles to Danforth's, his nearest neighbor, and privations and difficulties were his daily experience. Clark is authority for this anecdote, which spreads some light on early experi ences: " In 1781 he carried a plowshare on his back to Westmoreland (now in Oneida county), and leaving it there to be sharpened pro ceeded to Herkimer, where he purchased thirty pounds of flour. He returned on foot with both articles. The flour lasted about a year and was the first introduced into his family after their arrival. Like other pioneers he resorted to the stump mortar or mill for his meal." More house came from Fredericksburg, Dutchess county, and followed the Indian trail from Oneida to what was then called by the Indians Kasoongkta flats, where he settled. His daughter, Sarah, born Feb ruary 16, 1790, was the first white child born in this town. Between 1790 and 1800 Morehouse was joined by Dr. David A. Hol brook, Jeremiah Jackson, Roger Merrill, William Bends, Stephen Angel, James and Jeremiah Gould, Stephen Hungerford, Caleb North- rup, Oliver Owen, Benjamin Sanford, Daniel Keeler, Joseph Purdy, Matthew Dumfrie, and others, all of whom settled in or near James- THE TOWN OF DEWITT. 1019 ville. Dr. Holbrook, the pioneer physician, first located on the More house flats in 1792, but about 1800 removed to the village of Jamesville where he continued in practice until his death in November, 1832. He presided at the first public meeting held in this part of the country, at Morehouse's tavern, for the purpose of taking measures for dividing the county of Herkimer. Jeremiah Jackson was a prominent pioneer. The first saw mill in the town as well as the first in this county was that of Asa Danforth, on Butternut Creek, in 1792, in which year he temporarily moved to his newly acquired land on lot 81, a little north west of Jamesville. The mill was originally covered with bark and the saw was brought by Danforth from Fort Schuyler on his back. Near by in 1793 he built a grist mill, the master builder being Abel Myrick In order to raise the frame white men and Indians were gathered from Whitestown, Utica, and elsewhere to the number of sixty-four. The site of these primitive enterprises has long been known as Dunlop's Mills. In 1795 Oliver Owen erected a saw mill near where Josiah N. Holbrook's blacksmith shop now stands in Jamesville village, and in 1798 Matthew Dumfrie built a distillery, malt-house, and brewery on the east side of the creek, where portions of the old walls are still standing. He manufactured the first beer and some of the first whisky made in the county. In 1797 Jeremiah Jackson erected the first frame dwelling in Jamesville and about the same time Joseph Purdy started the first blacksmith shop. On the 29th of December, 1795, several residents of the old towns of Manlius and Pompey met at the house of Daniel Keeler and organized the "First Presbyterian or Church of Bloomingdale, " with Daniel Keeler, Comfort Tyler, Jeremiah Gould, Capt. Joseph Smith, William Haskin, and John Young, trustees. Jeremiah Jackson presided. It does not appear that this society ever erected a house of worship. By the year 1800 quite a settlement had sprung into existence in and around Jamesville, which for some inscrutable reason was called " Sinai." In 1802 John Post, from Utica, started a store on the More house flats, but his efforts to establish a trading center there proved futile. Business operations naturally flowed towards the already developed water-power, which promised brilliant achievements at this time, and there, on the site of the present village of Jamesville, a Mr. Trowbridge opened the first tavern in 1804. Two years later he was succeeded by David Olmsted and under him it was popularly considered the best hostelry west of Utica. About 1804 Benjamin Sanford erected a 1020 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. a flouring mill, Stephen Hungerford started a clothing works, and Robbins & Callighan opened a store. These various enterprises gave the place a decided impetus. Sanford's mill was subsequently run by John B. Ives, George M. and William Richardson, Charles Butts, Conrad Hotaling, and Garrett H. Hotaling, who sold the establishment in 1868 to E. B. Alvord. The latter converted it into a lime, plaster, and cement mill, and was succeeded by E. B. Alvord & Co., who for many years carried on an extensive business. Meanwhile other portions of the town were settled or being settled by the same sturdy class of pioneers. About 1790 John Young, a Revolutionary soldier, came from Saratoga county and located on lot 62, at Orville, his nearest neighbors being at Morehouse flats and Onon daga Hollow. His family consisted of six sons and three daughters, who, attaining maturity, settled around him, and the place came to be known as " Youngsville. " He opened and kept the first tavern in the vicinity, built the first frame house there, and was appointed the first justice of the peace of the town of Manlius, an office he held many years. He was largely instrumental in organizing a Methodist church there, in 1811, the result of meetings held in his house. He gave the land for a church lot and contributed generously to the erection of a chapel. His son, Rev. Seth Young, became one of the earlier preach ers, died aged fifty years, and was buried in the family burial ground, where five generations of the pioneer's descendants sleep side by side. The old homestead built by Rev. Seth Young more than eighty years ago still stands and is owned by one of his relatives. John Young died in 1834, aged eighty-two, and was buried in the plat set aside by him. In 1814 a post-office was established under the name of Orville and the place dropped its old designations of Youngsville and Hull's Landing, the latter name arising from the fact that on the canal feeder half a mile south of the turnpike stood Daniel Hull's grist mill in connection with a landing and shipping place for goods carried by canal, and ac cessible to canal boats. To this point products were brought for ship ment to Albany from the eastern and central part of the county, and distribution of goods bought with such products was made from this point, even into what is now Cortland county. Vast quantities of pot ash were shipped from this point, and not a few of the earlier settlers landed here. Several quarries were located in the vicinity, together with some water lime kilns, which gave employment to boatmen. When the town of Manlius was divided in 1835 Orville was in turn THE TOWN OF DEWITT. 1021 changed to Dewitt, which name it has since borne, yet the former name still clings to it to some extent, though the railroad station at East Syracuse bears this name. The church in Dewitt mentioned above was organized under the ministrations of Rev. Dan Barnes and took the name of ' ' the Youngs Society," the first trustees being John Young, sr., John Young, jr., Benjamin Booth, Peter G. Van Slyke, and Zephaniah Lathrop, who with John and Freelove Russell, Seth and Elizabeth Young, John and Mary Scott, and Daniel Knapp constituted the first class. In May, 1826, the church was reorganized and incorporated as the Methodist Episcopal Youngs Society of. Orville. The original edifice, built in 1819, was occupied until 1863, when it was conveyed to the school district. The Presbyterians, having disbanded, then turned over their building to the Methodists, who repaired it at an expense of some $1,200. John Young was soon followed by Benjamin Booth, Zephaniah Lathrop, Peter G. Van Slyke, John Russell, Jonas Scott, Daniel Knapp, and others. These settlers and the north branch of the Seneca, or the Genesee turnpike, which passed through Orville, as it was then called, contributed to make the hamlet a place of considerable activity for many years. By 1835 the hamlet contained several stores, a tavern, and about thirty dwellings, and George S. Lewis was postmaster. A special act of the Legislature passed April 17; 1815, gave Isaac Osgood and Benjamin Booth authority to build a dam across Butternut Creek at or near this point. , Other residents of the territory now embraced in this town prior to 1820 were William Edgar'; who at an early period opened a law office at Morehouse flats, where he had Moses D. Rose and Luther Badger as students. In 1798 Capt. Samuel Wilcox, an officer and a prisoner in the Revolutionary war, came from Peru, Mass. (where he was born January 2, 1744), and located on 640 acres at what is now Lyndon, west of and near Fayetteville, where he died June 28, 1827. Of his six children, Asel, born in Peru, Mass., April 8, 1784, became one of the largest landowners in the county and was long a prominent business man. He volunteered in the war of 1812, and during that conflict had a contract to furnish parties in Albany with 2,000 tons of plaster in the rock, at the quarry, for $2 per ton. This plaster bed he opened on the Wilcox homestead about 1812; he was succeeded by his son, Asel F., who was born here in 1823 and became prominent in civil affairs. The 1022 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. bed, covering about eighty acres, is now operated by H. H. Lansing. Asel Wilcox had flouring, plaster, cement, and saw mills at High Bridge, now Elkhorn, in Manlius, and was also extensively engaged in boating. But very few families in this country have a longer or more honor able record than the Kinne family, the ancestry of which is traced back to Henry Kinne, who, it is believed, was born in 1624 at Norfolk, En gland, where his father, Sir Thomas Kinne, lived, and settled at Salem, Mass., in 1653. Cyrus, the progenitor of the family in this county, was born in Voluntown, Conn. , August 11, 1746, being one of six children, and removed in 1779 to Rensselaer county, this State. In 1791, while at Troy, he heard of a sale of State lands in Onondaga county, and after examining the map made a journey to examine them, and bought several lots situated in the town of Manlius. Returning home he quickly closed his business, and in the month of March, 1792, he started with his four sons, Ezra, Zachariah, Prentice, and Ethel, and one horse, a yoke of oxen, and a sled laden with some utensils and supplies to oc cupy his purchase. West of Utica they had to cut much of their road and ford every stream, for there were no bridges. They reached what is now Fayetteville early in the following April. In June he returned and brought the remainder of his family to the log cabin which had been built. The nearest grist mill at that date was at Oneida, and Albany the nearest market, and salmon were caught with pitchforks. Pigs and sheep had to be housed at night to save them from the wolves. Cyrus Kinne was the first blacksmith in the town. He was a prominent man among the early settlers, was one of the first justices of the peace and supporters of religious worship, and died where he had lived since coming to the county, August 8, 1808. His chil dren were Ezra, who married Mary Young and had twelve children ; Zachariah, who married Diadama Barnes and had ten children ; Pren tice, who married Elizabeth Kinne and had eleven children; Ethel, who married a Miss Eaton and had five children; Zebulon, who married Lucy Markham and had eight children ; Moses, who married Betsey Williams and reared eight children; Joshua, who married Melinda Leach and also had eight children ; Cyrus, jr., who married Asenath Warner and had four children; Japhet, who married Temperance Palm er and had four children ; Palmer, who married Polly Carr and reared six children ; Rachel, who married William Williams and had four chil dren ; and Comfort, who married Jerry Springsted and had six children. THE TOWN OF DEWITT. 1023 The ten sons each received 100-acre farms. Of these Zachariah, Ezra, and Prentice were settled by their father in what is now the town o'f Dewitt. Ethel, born April 3, 1775, moved to Cicero and died there January 30, 1857, leaving sons, Parsons, Palmer, Jackson, and Harry, and one daughter, Abulah, wife of Jonathan Emmons. Zebulon and Moses, twins, were born January 12, 1780; the former located on a farm of 180 acres where the village of East Syracuse now stands, and died in August, 1865, being the father of James and Rufus R. (who died in 1880). Moses settled in Cicero, and died in Euclid on September 20, 1855; of his children Abigail married Ephraim Soule, of "Sovereign Palm Pill" fame; Moses, jr., born August 15, 1805, was a farmer in Clay, and died July 5, 1852; Albern, born October 17, 1807, married Phoebe Breed, settled in Clay, had children Allen B. and Julia, and died at Woodard, May 12, 1879 ; Harriet married Samuel Lounsbury ; Almira (Mrs. Way) was born October 17, 1813, and died in 1868; Je rome and Ora located in Oswego county ; and Julia and Frank moved to Michigan. Moses Kinne was a member of the Legislature in 1825, and also served his town as supervisor and justice of the peace. Joshua Kinne was born August 31, 1782, moved to Cicero, became a prominent minister of the gospel, and died in Le Roy, N. Y., October 17, 1858, leaving among his children two sons, Niles and Alfred B., who fol lowed their father's profession. Cyrus, jr., remained upon the home stead and died in 1824. Japhet settled in Cicero in 1810, subsequently lived in Cayuga and Oswego counties, and died in Michigan in 1873. Palmer Kinne also located in Cicero, but in 1835 removed to Illinois, where he died in 1869. William Williams, who wedded Rachel Kinne, settled just east of Manlius Center, where both died ; their son, Kinne, moved to Cicero, where Comfort Kinne and her husband, Jacob Spring- sted, also located. Prentice Kinne and Elizabeth Kinne, whose grandfathers were brothers, were married in Plainfield, Conn., January 16, 1800, and very soon afterward commenced housekeeping on a farm in this town. He was born October 16, 1773. He held a major's commission in the war of 1812, and twice went with his regiment to the defense of the Can adian frontier. He died July 19, 1830. His first wife died November 5, 1820, and in 1821 he married Eunice Jones, who died July 19, 1830, . and by whom he had one son, George N., born January 24, 1829; died November 8, 1856. His children by his first marriage were Julius C, born October 19, 1802; Emerson, born February 16, 1804; Marvin, born 1024 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. in 1806, died in 1813; Eunice, born October 22, 1807; Mason Prentice, born November 30, 1808; Elbridge, born May 26, 1810; N. Hildreth, born March 20, 1812; Emily (Mrs. Curran Elms), born December 4, 1813; Salome (Mrs. De Witt C. Peck), born May 8, 1815; Atlas, born May 27, 1817; and Ansel, born May 17, 1820. Julius C. Kinne married Mrs. Rachel Willard, served in the State Legislature in 1845 and 1846, and died August 5, 1857, leaving two sons, Howard A. and Edward D., of whom the latter became a prominent lawyer and mayor of Ann Arbor, Mich. - Emerson Kinne settled in Dewitt, became colonel of militia, and was for many years an active and influential citizen. He was married in 1833 to Janet Luddington. Eunice Kinne, the eldest daughter of Prentice, married, in 1833, Wesley Bailey. He was born in Vermont in 1808, and taught school at Dewitt just previous to his marriage. They had six children, the eldest of whom was E. Prentice Bailey, born August 15, 1834, in the town of Manlius. At the age of nineteen, in 1853, the latter entered the office of the Utica Daily Ob server, with which journal he has since remained, in later years being its principal editor and owner. He is now (1896) serving his second term as postmaster at Utica. Mrs. Wesley Bailey died July 9, 1860. Mason P. Kinne, another and a gifted son of Prentice, married Mary Jane Spaulding, remained on a part of the homestead, and died Febru ary 2, 1890. One son, Charles Mason Kinne, born in 1841, rose to the rank of captain and assistant adjutant-general in the Civil war, while another son, Dr. A. B. Kinne, is a prominent and highly successful physician in Syracuse. Dr. Porter S., another son, is also a physician; he has an extensive practice at Paterson, New Jersey. Elbridge Kinne married Sophronia, youngest daughter of Rev. Seth Young in 1837, and died where he had always lived, December 12, 1895. He was officially connected with the Orville M. E. church for upwards of sixty years. Of his children Theodore Y. became assistant sur geon in the Rebellion, and afterward a physician in Paterson, N. J. ; E. Olin adopted the same profession, and is now a prominent physician in Syracuse; Elizabeth M. married Rev. B. F. Barker, of EastOnon- daga; S. Janet became the wife of W. H. Peck, of Dewitt. N. Hil dreth Kinne removed to Oswego county and later to Michigan. Atlas married Renette Palmer, of Fayetteville, and died in 1845. Ansel E. spent most of his life as a teacher. He married Emma Merrick, of Syracuse, and was the father of Charles W., Lucius M., Mary A., Ki'ttie E., and Chlobelle. THE TOWN OF DEWITT. 1025 Ezra Kinne died in 1829 ; the death of his wife, Mary Young, occurred in 1824. Of their children Hannah married James Van Slyke, and died in 1823; Aaron became first a jeweler, and later a Universalist clergy man, and died in 1846, leaving a son, Thomas Jefferson, who held the commissions of captain and colonel in the Rebellion, and became a prominent officer in the revenue department; Elizabeth married James Breed, and died in 1840. Zachariah Kinne died July 1, 1850. Of his children Diana married Cromwell Cook, settled in Salina, and died in 1840 ; Rite married Polly Strong, located in Dewitt, and died in 1865; Phineas also settled in De witt, was a miller, and died in Manlius in 1865; Esop married Lydia Beebe, located on a farm in Salina, now a part of the First ward of Syracuse, and died in 1871. It is doubtful if another family which can be termed of Onondaga county 'growth has a more numerous and respected progeny than has that of Cyrus Kinne, the original founder. His descendants are re lated by blood or marriage to a very large number of the county's pres ent inhabitants, and for more than one hundred years have been closely identified with every branch of local development. They have occu pied responsible and influential positions in the social, civil, educa tional, and religious life of many communities, especially in Manlius, Dewitt, and Cicero, where the first of that name acquired extensive landed properties, which, in some instances, have been handed down, from father to son to the present generation. David S. Miller, born in Ulster county in 1796, located at an early day on a farm near Messina Springs, and for nine years was proprietor of a hotel in the vicinity of Merrill's mill. He was the father of John, Clark S., Henry J., Chandler S. and Edward F. Miller. The following list of settlers and pioneers of the old town of Man lius, including Dewitt, between 1795 and 1825, was preserved by Lewis H. Redfield, editor of the old Onondaga Register, and is worthy of preservation here : Nicholas P. Randall, Samuel L. Edwards, Alvin Marsh, Dr. H. L. Granger, Dr. William Taylor, Nathan Williams, Azariah Smith, James O. Wattles, Elijah Rhoades, Abijah \ elverton, Henry C. Van Schaick, Sylvanus Tousley, Colonel Sanford. Luther Badger, Colonel Olmsted, Elijah Rust, Dr. Holbrook, William Eager, Will iam Barker, Thurlow Weed, Moses De Witt, Jacob R. De Witt, Leonard Kellogg, Charles B. Bristol, Colonel Phillips, Harvey Edwards, Aaron Wood, Dr. Timothy Teall, the Kinne family, Aaron Burt, Oliver Teall, Elias Gumaer, Benjamin More- 129 1026 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. house, Daniel Keeler, Charles Moseley, Elijah Phillips, Samuel Ward, and Joshua V. H. Clark, the historian. Many of these resided in what is now the town of Manlius, but one and all contributed materially by their sterling worth and enterprise to the growth and development of this section. The first town meeting for the town of Dewitt was held at the tavern of George F. Grinnell in Orville on April 7 and 8, 1835; Elijah C. Rust, justice of the peace for the old town of Manlius, presided and William Eager acted as clerk, and $250 were voted for the support of common schools. The following officers were elected: Zebulon Ostrom, supervisor; William Eager, town clerk; David G. Wilkins, and Adam Harroun, justices of the peace; Jacob I. Low, Joseph Yarrington, and Aaron Chapin, assessors; William Wheeler and John Furbeck, commissioners of highways ; Vliet Carpenter, Edmund D. Cobb, and George Richardson, commissioners of com mon schools ; William Barker, Smith Ostrom and Hiram Holbrook, inspectors of common schools; James Van Slyke, collector; James Sisson, overseer of the poor ; Josiah Millard, Charles Lewis, and William Barker, trustees of town lot ; Calvin C. Palmer, sealer of weights and measures ; and twenty-seven' overseers of highways. Among these names will be recognized many prominent settlers not previously mentioned, but to them may appropriately be added the fol lowing list : Colby Dibble, John and Michael Laden, Enos and Lyman Burk, David A. Sher wood, Benjamin L. Gregory, Alvin and Hiram Church, James Norris, David Merrill, Travis Swan, George S. Loomis, James H. King, Valentine Gifford, Ambrose Smith. Charles and Harvey Annable, Jesse Worden, Joseph Thompson (longthetown clerk), Thomas Green, Henry P. Bogardus (justice of the peace for several years), Dennis Peck, Joseph W. Bostwick, Newton Otis, William Hare, Silas Chesbro, Selah Strong, William Richardson, Thomas Blanchard, Thomas Sherwood, Egbert Judson, Joseph Breed, Franklin Hibbard, Jacob I. Marsh, Gordon Adams, William and Adam Ains- lie, Alva Trowbridge, Clinton Love, John Ostrander, John Reals, Jacob and William Hadley, Benjamin Scott, Lyman W. Higby, Wareham Campbell, Joseph Edwards, Archibald Britton, William and Thomas Shull, Aaron Miller, Joseph and Philander Eaton, William Hotchkin, Larkin Bates, James A. Keeler, John S. Coonley, William Clark, and Gideon Bogardus. Among other settlers prior to 1850 were: George H. Alexander, William B. Sims, Josiah Millard, Edmund H. Bunnell, Jared and Liberty Ludington, George L. Marshall, James Tallman, Hosea Ludington, Philo Eaton, John Putnam, Abram and Richard Sparling, Harvey Spencer, Jeremiah Barnum, De Witt Peck, Jacob Reals, David Potter, Nathan Bunnell, Anthony Ward, Ephraim Bailey, John Wright, Peter Rust, David H. Leonard, John Pinney, Horace B. and Joshua B. Gates, Daniel Hall, John I. Devoe, Nelson and Joseph Yarrington, Oliver C. Gilson, Peter Mosher, Job Slocum, Samuel Wheeler, David Dodge, Addi son Sherwood, Henry G. Hotaling, Levi J. Higley, the family of Holbrooks, Loomis THE TOWN OF DEWITT. 1027 Marshall, William Burrell, Gershom and Jacob S. Hungerford, William Loucks, Moses Chapman, Ebenezer Perry, Peter and Jacob Hausenfrats, Solon Foster, Henry C. Goodelle (town clerk most of the time from 1847 to 1871), Elias B. Gumaer, Will iam S. Smith, Emulus Green, Daniel Gifford, Peter D. Quintard, Stephen Wickman, John Rowley, George Terrill, Solomon Jones, Daniel Hull, Abram Lane, William Hodgkin, Alson Gates, James Hamilton, Martin Smith, Archibald Fuller, Thomas Wands, James Warner, Abram Fillmore, John F. Blodgett, Philip P. Midler, Milo K. Knapp, M. P. Worden, Peter W. Harroun, James M. Barton, Franklin Bronson, George Stevenson, Uriah Phelps, Henry Shattuck, Nelson Butts. Henry L. Pixley, William and Cadmus Clark, Lewis Moss, James Terwilliger, William L. Crossett, Lester Avery, Warren Gannett, Frederick Reals. Jacob L. Sherwood, Charles Annable, H. P. Bogardus, and E. D. Cobb were prominent as early justices of the peace. In 1835 seven licenses were granted to sell spirituous liquors, viz. : to Washington Hamilton, Joseph Thompson, George F. Grinnell, George W. Hol brook, John N. De Groff, James Norris, and Nathaniel Snell. Of the fourteen licenses issued in 1840 eleven were for taverns and three for groceries, and besides the above, permits to sell liquor licenses were granted between 1835 and 1850 to the following tavernkeepers : David Merrill, David S. Miller, Ephraim Hull, Liberty G. Ludington, Alex ander Miller, Henry Shattuck, Bevil G. Wiborn, Amos Bronson, John I. Devo, Nelson Haight, Oliver O. Gilson, Robert Ward, Philip Morris, Solon Foster, Jacob Folk, Walker Knapp, and Thomas Burns. Prominent among other early residents of the town of Dewitt should also be recorded the names of James L Willard, J. Henry Smith, Jonathan Hotaling, Lawrence Van Valken- burgh, Sheldon Sweeney, Josiah P. Wheeler, John B. and Lemuel Hawley, Abram M. Black, Samuel O. Walker, Henry Winne, Abram Hilton, James D. Kent, John W. Beebe, Benjamin P. Baker, Archibald M. Stephenson, Peter Combs, Gideon C. Ferris, Henry G. Dixon, George W. Murray, Sidney Lewis, Joseph Y. Miller, Isaac K. Reed, Joseph Livingston, Hubbard Hymes, Francis F. Allen, Edwin A. Knapp, Edwin Schuyler, Harrison T. Abbott, Leonard P. Mosher, Chapman W. Avery, and Matthew M. Conklin. Returning to the village of Jamesville we find that it continued to grow rapidly during the first quarter of the century. A little east a school, the first in the town, had been established in a building erected for the purpose in 1796, by Polly Hibbard, who was succeeded by Susan Ward. In 1806 a school was opened in the village and three years later (1809) a post-office was established with Thomas Rose as postmaster. He was followed by Moses D. Rose. In 1800 the "Jamesville Iron and Woolen Factory " was incorporated, and from the legislative act creating this concern the place drived its name, which was first 1028 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. published and proclaimed in a great Fourth of July celebration held there in 1810. Since then it has been known as Jamesville. Meantime relig ion had received a marked impulse in the vicinity, the Union Congre gational Society being organized in September, 1805. Scon afterward, between 1806 and 1809, a church was built on the Daniel B. Marsh farm, now owned by Daniel Marsh, about one mile east of Jamesville. After about 1829 the edifice was used as a barn and some fifteen years ago it was burned. Among the early members were Deacons Messen ger, Barnum, Levett, and Hezekiah Weston. Daniel B. Marsh was one of the first preachers. In 1827 the society began holding meetings in Jamesville and in 1828, under the pastorate of Rev. Seth J. Porter, a church was built, which was burned about 1882. In 1892 a new edifice was erected at a cost of $2,000. At the time of the removal the society had 247 members, prominent among them being Isaac W. Brewster, David Smith, Horace B. Gates, Amos Sherwood, and Leonard Hawley. In December, 1843, the society adopted the Presbyterian form of gov ernment and in March, 1870, the name was changed to the First Presby terian church of Jamesville. In 1832 several members seceded from this society and organized a Dutch Reformed church, which survived only five or six years. In 1821 William M. King built a grist, plaster, and cement mill on the creek about one and one-half miles north of Jamesville, and carried on an extensive business for some time. In 1869 A. B. King became proprietor and rebuilt the establishment. The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 marked an important epoch in the history of Dewitt which had now become largely divested of its primitive conditions. During the first quarter of this century the Seneca (south) and Genesee (through Orville) turnpikes were busy thoroughfares of travel. Taverns, country stores, and other enter prises flourished and increased in numbers. Mills and manufacturing interests contributed to the general prosperity, while agriculture ad- venced in proportion as the forests receded. The canal, accessible to Orville by a "side-cut," afforded thenceforward a better route of trans portation and had a wholesome influence upon the town at large. The north part of Dewitt seems to have remained open for later set- lers, among whom were Isaac Carhart, James and Walter Wright, Abraham Delamater, the Britton family, Erastus B. Perkins, Nathan iel Teall, and others. These located in the vicinity of Collamer, which was early known as Britton Settlement. In 1828 an M. E. church was THE TOWN OF DEWITT. 1029 organized there with Rev. Austin Briggs (first pastor), Adam Har- rower, Erastus B. Perkins, Walter and James Wright, John Rowe, Abraham Delamater, and Isaac Carhart, as trustees, all members of a class over which Rev. Seth Young had previously ministered. In 1830 a house of worship was built and about 1841 the society was reorgan ized by Rev. A. E. Munson. In 1857 the church was repaired and re- dedicated as the First M. E. church of Collamer. A post office was established there before 1835, in which year Nathaniel Teall was post master ; more recently James E. Stewart servedin that capacity. Mean while the Presbyterians of this part of the town had instituted services of their denomination, and in October, 1842, the First Presbyterian church of Collamer was organized at the "Britton Settlement School House" with seventeen members, among them being John and Deb orah Furbeck (parents of John I. Furbeck, prominent in his lifetime), Deacons Dwight Baker and Andrew Fuller, Sarah Baker, Prudence Smith, and Elders Porter Baker, Orlando Spencer, Samuel Baker, and John Powlesland. The first pastor was Rev. Amos W. Seeley, who was followed by Revs. A. C. Lathrop, B. Ladd, Marcus Smith, J. M. Chrysler, John M. Perkins, and others. An edifice was erected in 1843 at a cost of $600. Collamer grew into a hamlet of considerable impor tance. Before 1840 two more churches had sprung into existence in James ville. As early as June 6, 1825, Episcopal services were held at the house of Elijah C. Rust, and on July 13, 1831, St. Mark s Protestant Episcopal church was organized there with the following members : John Millen, Hiram P. and Mary Aan Holbrook, John Crankshaw, Mrs. John P. Ives, Mrs. Colby Dibble, Harriet Gillespie, Helen Post, Phebe Wales, Abigail Sal mon, Catherine Littlefield, Mrs. Reed, and others. The first rector, Rev. Seth W. Beardsley, served from 1831 to 1836, and after him came, among others, Revs. Mar shall Whiting, James Selkrig, Charles W. Hayes, Julius S. Townsend, H. H. Loring, M. L. Kern, J. L. Gay, J. E. Barr, J. H. Bowman, Dr. Babcock, and J. E. Pratt. In 1832 a church was erected just east of the Kortright House near the railroad. It was remodeled in 1874 at an expense of about $2,500, and burned in October, 1877. Another frame edifice costing $2,000 was built and consecrated about 1800. The Methodists had for several years maintained class meetings in Jamesville and vicinity. In 1832 they organized a church, known as the "Fourth Society of the M. E. church in Manlius," with Egbert Coleman, Moses Chapman, Darius Sweet, Abraham Van Schaak, and Cornelius Cool as trustees. Soon 1030 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. afterward the present edifice was erected. Among the early prominent members were Harry Avery, Jonathan Hotaling, and Martin Connell. Turning again to the prominent settlers of the town it is pertinent to add the names of John B. Ives, Amos Sherwood, Nathaniel Gillett, Dr. Smith, Dr. E. E. Knapp, Smith Hibbard, George W. Holbrook, B. S. Gregory, Joel Kinne, Thomas and Jacob L. Sherwood, .Robert Dunlop, Enos K. Reed, John Jones, Gorton Nottingham (father of Jacob A. and Benjamin C, of Syracuse), Van Vleck Nottingham, Henry Notting ham, Charles Hiscock, Joel Knapp (died May 15, 1864, aged seventy- one), Dr. D. A. Sherwood (died in 1864 at the age of sixty-four), and Vliet Carpenter, son of Nehemiah, of Manlius. Gorton Nottingham was born in Ulster county in 1809, settled on a farm in Dewitt in 1833, and died January 21, 1890. Van Vleck Nottingham, son of Jacob and Eleanor Nottingham, was born in Dutchess county in 1814, came to this town in 1833, and died in Syracuse in January, 1896, universally respected and esteemed. He left six children : Henry D., of Pompey; Dr. John, Edwin, and William, of Syracuse; Frank, on the homestead; and Thomas W., of Syracuse. He was the first president of the Dewitt Farmers' Club, which was organized January 12, 1861, served as presi dent of the Onondaga County Farmers' Club, and had been a loan commissioner for many years. Robert Dunlop, son of Robert, a native of Ayrshire, Scotland, was born in Albany in 1810, and came to James ville in 1833. He founded the well known Dunlop mills, and was ex tensively engaged during his active life in milling and manufacturing cement, waterlime, plaster, etc., being succeeded by his son Robert Dunlop, jr., who owns five large lime kilns; the Lanark flouring mills, built by Robert Richardson in 1823, and now using four runs of stone and four sets of rolls for grinding; and the old cement and plaster mills erected, one in 1836, the other in 1868. These are all situated on But ternut Creek, north of the village of Jamesville, and on the same stream is also a barley mill erected in 1840. South of the village are the Feeder mills, which were built by Robert Dunlop, sr. , in 1847, at a cost of $10,000. Robert Dunlop, sr., was for many years one of the leading and most enterprising men in this section. He was one of the original directors of the Syracuse and Binghamton Railroad, was presi dent of the old Syracuse and Jamesville Plank Road Company, super visor of the town, and a trustee of St. John's School at Manlius. In 1845 the town contained 267 militia men, 645 voters, 705 school children, 13,076 acres of improved land, three grist mills, two saw THE TOWN OF DEWrITT. 1031 mills, a fulling mill, three carding machines, a tannery, five churches, fifteen common schools, six taverns, three stores, six groceries, 282 farmers, 110 mechanics, seven physicians, and two lawyers. Of these and other enterprises Jamesville had three stores, two tailors, three blacksmiths, two wagonmakers, a harnessmaker, two hotels, three churches, two flouring mills, one lime and plaster works, a plaster mill, and one tannery. The latter, operated by Jacob I. Low, was formerly conducted by Elijah C. Rust. It was located east of the rail road and on the south side of the Seneca Turnpike, southeast of the hotel, and was finally converted into a plaster mill, which was run by Harlow C. Bryant. Portions of the tannery are still standing. Mat thew Caldwell at an early date started a blast furnace and blacksmith shop in a stone building, the walls and ruins of which are still visi ble. The power was utilized in 1892 by the pearl barley mill of Ryan Brothers. Hiram P. Holbrook and Robert Fleming, partners, were early mer chants in Jamesville on the site of Daniel Quinlan & Son's present store and later where the Avery block now stands. Other merchants in that village were Alvin P. Gould, Samuel Hill, Reed & Conklirig, Connell &Co., and Mr. Sanford. Among the present merchants are Daniel Quinlan & Son, Elbert G. Avery, and Abram A. Wright, who was preceded by Wright & Reed and they by Wright & Crofoot. The postmasters since about 1830 have been Isaac W. Brewster, George M. Richardson, Lemuel Hawley, Isaac K. Reed, Dennis Quinlan, Abram A. Wright, and Dennis Quinlan again, incumbent. Of blacksmiths there were Asa Cadogan, Charles Puffete, David Dodge, Mark Pixley, and John Perrett, and at the present time Josiah Holbrook, George W. White, Callaghan McCarthy, and Franklin J. Perrett. Josiah G. Holbrook was born in Pompey on June 24, 1827, and came here in December, 1845. He is a son of Adolphus W., who was born in that town in 1793 and died there in 1849, and a grandson of Josiah, jr., who came to Pompey with his father, Josiah Holbrook, sr. , from Spring field, Mass., in 1792. Josiah, sr., and Josiah, jr., died on the home stead, the former about 1799 and the latter in 1831; both were Revolu tionary soldiers as were also Dr. David A. and Barach, two other sons of Josiah Holbrook, sr. Josiah G. Holbrook was elected collector of Dewitt in 1855 and justice of the peace in 1856, served as assistant assessor of internal revenue from 1862 to 1868, supervisor in 1871-76, and member of assembly in 1878. 1032 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. The old Holbrook tavern in Jamesville was built by a Mr. Hunger- ford on the site of.the present Kortright House, and was rebuilt and kept by George W. Holbrook, son of Dr. David A., until 1852, after which it passed at various times into the hands of Thomas Kimber, Amos Sherwood, Gilbert Truss, Charles A. Chapman, Chapman W. Avery, and Jacob L. Kortright, the latter having been a hotel propri etor here since 1866, building the present structure in 1877-78. The old Hamilton House, just west of the creek, was erected and kept by Washington Hamilton, who died about 1869. Since then it has been leased, the present proprietor being George Goodfellow. The village has had as harnessmakers B. J. Lowry, Wason Wyborn, and R. W. Bristol; as shoemakers Lemuel Hawley, Jehiel Thorn, Jacob L. Sher wood, and Thomas Moynahan; as wagonmakers Benjamin S. Gregory, Thomas D. Green, and the latter's sons, Emulus F. and Erastus S. G. W. Burhans & Son also have a sash and blind factory in operation. Henry D. and Irving A. Weston started a machine shop a few years ago and later built up quite a business in manufacturing bicycle special ties. Henry D. died January 1, 1893, and since then his widow and Irving A. Weston have carried on the establishment. The building was formerly occupied by Colby Dibble as a chair factory. On October 14, 1877, the business portion of the city was destroyed by fire, entailing a loss of $50,000. The conflagration consumed the Kortright and Clark Hotels, four stores, four or five dwellings, a church and five barns The enterprising citizens soon recovered from this serious blow and rapidly restored nearly all the burned structures. Before or very soon after the middle of this century all of the old important stage routes were discontinued. The canal nearly or quite superseded these lines running east and west, and the opening of the Syracuse and Utica Railroad on July 4, 1839, completely wiped them out of existence. This railroad, passing through the town and the present village of East Syracuse, and forming the nucleus of what is now the great four-track route of the New York Central, gave a decided impetus to agricultural affairs, but injured permanently the then promising future of Jamesville and Orville (Dewitt), which had become centers of no little activity. The former, while it never regained its old-time prestige, was benefited in a measure by the completion of the Syracuse and Binghamton Railroad, which was opened through the village Oc tober 23, 1854. But an unexpected reaction turned the volume of trade into "Syracuse and at the same time wrought permanent injury to nearly all the manufacturing and commercial interests. THE TOWN OF DEWITT. 1033 During the war of the Rebellion, from 1861 to 1865, the town made an honorable as well as a conspicuous record by contributing a large number of her patriotic sons to the Union cause. The various quotas were filled with promptness, and quite every citizen took a creditable part in that perilous hour. The village of East Syracuse is the growth of the last twenty-five years or less. In October, 1872, the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad Company purchased from Rufus R. Kinne, Elijah Clark, Eugene Bogardus, and the Carpenter estate 150 acres of land upon which to locate freight yards, round houses, and shops, and there established a division termini station between Albany and Rochester. Several miles of freight tracks were laid, and by the summer of 1873 the place had assumed considerable activity. The inhabitants were largely railroad employees, many of whom erected comfortable and at tractive homes for their families. The settlement, of the village was rapid. Indeed, it sprung up almost as if by magic. Hotels, boarding houses, stores, shops, etc., came into existence, and within a short time a Railroad Y.M.C.A., with a library and reading room, was instituted, and ever since maintained. The First Presbyterian Society of East Syracuse was organized in the district school house on March 8, 1875, under the direction of Ed mund S. Walker, then a missionary of the Presbytery of Syracuse. Elijah Clark was chairman of the meeting, J. Q. Baker acted as clerk, and five trustees were appointed, viz. : John Jones, Eugene Bogardus, John A. Henry, E. J. Evans, and Vlffet Carpenter. In choosing a name for this pioneer religious organization in the place Mr. Clark insisted upon East Syracuse, which was adopted, not only for this body, but for the village. During the following summer a church was built, the funds being raised through the efforts of E. S. Walker and John Jones. The contract was given to John A. Henry for $875, but when com pleted and furnished the edifice cost about $2,000, the lot being donated by Ellis & Upton. At this time the settlement contained but one high way, now Manlius street. On January 27, 1876, the church was or ganized by a committee appointed by the Presbytery of Syracuse, con sisting of Revs. E. G. Thurber, W. S. Franklin, and J. M. Chrysler, and Elders Schuyler Bradley, and E. S. Walker. Three ruling elders were elected, viz. : Edmund S. Walker, E. J. Evans, and John Jones, and on the same day the edifice was dedicated. The first pastor was Rev. J. M. Chrysler from April, 1876, to September, 1878, and since 130 1034 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. November of the latter year Rev. Isaac Swift has been in charge. A new church is now (1896) in process of erection. St. Matthew's Ro man Catholic church was built in 1880, under the pastorate of Rev. Michael Clune. The Methodist Episcopal church was organized in 1881, and among its promoters were H. L. Lawrence, J. E. Richard son, William Powlesland, William Strong, and Alva Burnham. Their church edifice was erected in 1882. Both of these bodies are flourish ing. Emanuel Protestant Episcopal church was built in 1883, the ex pense being borne by the late William H. Vanderbilt, then president of the New York Central Railroad. It has always been a missionary parish. The Young Men's Christian Association was organized in May, 1881, through the efforts of Mr. Stowell, then secretary of the Syracuse rail road branch. In August Charles E. Head was appointed the first regular secretary, the New York Central Railroad Company paying his salary of $600 a year. His successors have been W. T. King, H. S. Parmalee, B. F. Hodges, George J. Buck, S. Charles Greene, and Dana Conklin. The building was erected in 1888, and dedicated April 2, 1889, the railroad company contributing $1,000, and Cornelius Van derbilt at different times $1,000 more. The first school house in what is now East Syracuse was built in the •fall of 1832, the first teacher being John Carhart, and when the rail road yard was established the school numbered -forty pupils. In 1878 the building was enlarged, and in 1884 four more rooms were added, making eight in all. In 1882 Prof. W. J. Jewell organized it into a graded school and continued in charge until June, 1886, when Prof. George E. Milliman was made principal. In March, 1887, the present Union Free School was organized, the board of education being E. S. Walker, president ; Alva Burnham, George M. Weaver, E. M. Wheeler, and Charles Manahan. Prof. S. McK. Smith took charge of the new institution and continued to 1891, and was instrumental in organizing the academic department, which was placed under the Regents in Novem ber, 1887. Mr. Walker was president of the board until September, 1893, and I. W. Allen served as a member from August, 1887, to Aug ust, 1894. The present handsome school building, costing about $36,- 000, was erected in 1891, first occupied January 1, 1892, and completed and dedicated November 28, 1893. The school now has an attendance of 600 scholars and eighteen teachers under Prof. E. H. Chase as prin cipal. A fine reference library for the school and a circulating library THE TOWN OF DEWITT. 1035 for inhabitants of the district, comprising more than 1,000 volumes, has been placed in the academic department at a cost of nearly $2,000. East Syracuse was incorporated as a village on November 21, 1881, the first officers being Charles C. Bagg, president; George M. Weaver, Edward Fitzgerald, and Isaac E. Peters, trustees; Samuel Wills, treas urer; Edmund S. Walker, collector; Leonard Curtiss, clerk. Among those who took an active part in the incorporation were Dr. E. L. Thomas, O. C. Hinman, Alva Burnham, Smith Rice, E. S. Walker, Edward Fitzgerald, Rev. Michael Clune, and A. R. Walker. These were prominent residents, and contributed by their energy and enter prise to the material prosperity of the place. Among others who have likewise aided in local advancement are : Marlow B. Wells, Joseph Bloser, John L. Kyne, William Strong, H. G. Storer, Al- vah Burnham, Melville W. Russell, William Wilcox, Joseph H. Damon, Rufus R. Kinne, E. F. Bussey, Ambrose Ames, Howard Ames, Perry H. Bagg, Andrew F. Behr, John Binning, jr., Frank and Thomas Burke, William W. Bush, Jesse W. Clark, Clinton L. Dean, Norris Eaton, Alexander D. Ellis, John W. Evans, Louis H. Ford, William Fry, George W. and Henry Goodfellow, John G. and Martin Guth- man, Charles Hoard, Gerrit S. Horton, William B. Hudson, Henry Jones, Charles P. Manahan, Dr. Adelbert W. Marsh, Fred A. Marshall, Thomas McDermott, Victor Miller, Rev. Francis J. Quinn, Dr. Herbert E. Richardson, George Roberts, George Sink, Frank N. Snyder, Leroy E. Taber, William H. Temple, Henry Tiffany, Leon ard B. Webb, Lewis H. Woodworth, William Worden, and Elijah Clark. The East Syracuse News was established in December, 1884, by Edwin F. Bussey and John L. Kyne, under the firm name of Bussey & Kyne. In August, 1887, Mr. Kyne became the sole owner, and has ever since continued in editorial charge, making the paper one of the brightest weeklies in the county. He is a prominent citizen, active in all worthy enterprises, has diversified business interests, and has always taken keen interest in the advancement of the village. In February, 1894, the East Syracuse News Company was incorporated with James E. Ratchford, president; A. E. Oberlander, vice-president; John L. Kyne, secretary, treasurer, editor, and manager, all of whom still re tain their respective offices. On March 1, 1891, C. J. Sawdey began the publication of the Onondaga Gazette as editor for a stock company. Afterward it passed to Hon. John A. Nichols, as owner, and Melville W. Russell as editor, and on December 1, 1895, John A. Nichols, jr., son of the above, purchased and still continues the well-edited and popular paper. In 1886 the village contained one dry goods store, a furnishing store, two general stores, two drug stores, one hardware store, a news stand, 1036 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. one jeweler, a confectionery and tobacco store, one shoe store, three groceries, a meat market, one bakery, two milliners, four dressmakers, an undertaker, four shoe shops, four physicians, two coal yards, five hotels, eight boarding houses, two carriage shops, two blacksmith shops, a sewing machine dealer, one steam grist mill, four churches (Methodist Episcopal, Presbyterian, Emanuel Episcopal, and St. Matthew's Roman Catholic), and about 2,250 inhabitants. The popula tion of the village in 1880 was 1,009, and in 1890, 2,331. The large sash, door, and blind factory, planing mill, and lumber yard of A. Ames's sons were started in 1886. This was the first important manu facturing industry in the place. East Syracuse derives its water supply from a reservoir near Jamesville, the mains supplying also the latter village with water for fire purposes. The water system was constructed in 1893 at a cost of about $75,000. The village fire department consists of two hose companies, one engine company, and a hook and ladder company. On February 12, 1873, the present Chenango branch of the West Shore (then the Chenango Valley) railroad was formally opened, giv ing a new impetus to the sparsely populated hamlet of Dewitt Center, through which it passes, as well as contributing to the resources of East Syracuse. For many years Dewitt Center had been quite an impor tant shipping point on the Erie Canal, especially for grain. Stephen Headson, an enterprising citizen, engaged extensively in general mer chandising and in buying grain and produce, and in 1870 built a sub stantial brick business block and warehouse. In 18.71 he became the first postmaster. The recent extension of the Syracuse electric street railway system from James street in that city to East Syracuse village by way of Messina Springs has greatly enhanced the value of property along the route, and at the same time another road between the two places has given existence to the village of Eastwood, which was incorporated April 17, 1895, the first officers being J. L. Jones, president; John S. Gourley, James Simmons, and E. G. Whitney, trustees; Edward Smith, treasurer; and William Boy sen, collector. Messina Springs has never attained proportions beyond those of a small rural hamlet, yet it has acquired considerable popularity as a place for training trotting horses and for out-door sports. Brief reference has been made in foregoing pages to the common schools of Dewitt, which in 1860 numbered fourteen, which were at- THE TOWN OF GEDDES. 1037 tended by 1,089 children. In Jamesville a brick school house was built in 1845 on the site previously occupied by James Young's dwelling. This building was replaced in 1893 by a brick and stone structure, which cost about $8,000. At the same time a graded union school was organized. The East Syracuse schools have kept pace with the growth of the village and the inhabitants now enjoy the union free school system. The town contains thirteen school districts, the school build ings and sites being valued at about $58,225. The supervisors of Dewitt have been as follows: Zebulon Ostrom, 1835; Thomas Blanchard 1836-37; Zebulon Ostrom, 1838; Thomas Sherwood, 1839-42; Robert Dunlop, jr., 1843; Egbert Judson, 1844; Robert Dunlop jr., 1845; Joseph Thompson, 1846; Robert Dunlop, 1847-49; Joseph Breed, 1850; Emerson Kinne, 1851-53; Philip P. Midler, 1854-55; Liberty G. Ludington, 1856; Jared Ludington, 1857-58; Asel F. Wilcox, 1859-61; Elbridge Kinne, 1862-63; Lawrence Van Valkenburgh, 1864-65; Jared Ludington, 1866; J. Henry Smith, 1867; Gideon C. Ferris, 1868-70; Josiah G. Holbrook, 1871-73; Chapman W. Avery, 1874- 76; Josiah G. Holbrook, 1877-78; Matthew M. Conklin, 1879-83; Charles C. Bagg, 1884-,86; Charles Hiscock, 1887-88; John A. Nichols, 1889-91; Smith Rice, 1892; Charles C. Bagg, 1893; Charles Hiscock, 1894-96. The population of Dewitt has been as follows: In 1835, 2,716; 1840, 2,802; 1845, 2,876; 1850, 3,302; 1855, 2,985; 1860, 3,043; 1865, 3,001; 1870, 3,105; 1875, 3,129; 1880, 3,975; 1890, 4,560; 1892, 5,182. CHAPTER XLVII. THE TOWN OF GEDDES. This is the youngest and the smallest town in Onondaga county. Its organization took place on March 18, 1848, and was made to embrace all that part of the town of Salina lying west of the lake and not in cluded in the city of Syracuse. Under a law of May 17, 1886, nearly the whole of Geddes village was annexed to Syracuse as the 9th and 10th wards, and its history thenceforward is embodied with that of the city. The surface of the town is level in the north part, rolling in the south, and constitutes some of the best and most productive farm lands in the county. Nine Mile Creek flows eastwardly across the town and Seneca River forms the north boundary. The soil is generally a clayey and sandy loam. 1038 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. The pioneer of this town and -the man from whom it was named was James Geddes, who was born near Carlisle, Pa., July 22, 1763, of Scotch ancestry. He was well educated for the time, and taught school much of the time until he was nearly thirty years old. In 1793 the spreading fame of the Onondaga salt springs drew him hither and the prospect was so gratifying to him. that he returned home, organized a company for the manufacture of salt, and early in 1794 came on by way of Seneca Lake to the site of Geddes, bringing with him kettles, etc., and began the first operations of the salt industry in that locality. The other members of the company followed in June of the same year, and the little settlement thus formed was given the name of Geddes. The salt works were located near the lake shore, which then overflowed a large area of the present lowlands. In 1798 Mr. Geddes removed to Fairmount, in the present town of Camillus, where he settled upon land acquired by him from the State, which remained his home until his death. Very soon after his settlement, Mr. Geddes was called upon to fill a public station, and from that time forward his energies were almost wholly given to official work of various kinds. Being employed by the surveyor-general as an assistant, he took up that profession and made it his chief lifework, in which he .rendered the State the most valuable services in surveying the canal, as elsewhere described. He was appointed a justice of the peace in 1800 and in 1804 was elected to the Legislature. In 1809 he was appointed associate justice and in 1812 a judge of Onondaga County Common Pleas. In 1813 he was elected to Congress and in 1821 was again sent to the Legislature. After a life of great usefulness he died at his home August 19, 1838. He was the father of seven children. George Geddes was a son of James, and was born on the Fairmount homestead in 1809. He was educated in the Pompey and the Onon daga Academies, and graduated from a military school in Middletown, Mass. He read law for a time in Skaneateles, but did not adopt that profession, preferring to follow his honored father as an engineer. He was directly connected with many important public works in this and other States. His natural qualifications led to his being called to fill many official stations of honor and responsibility. He was twice elected to the State Senate, was superintendent of the Salt Springs seven years, and held other places of trust. He never lost his interest in agriculture and made the home farm one of the most noted in this section. His first wife was a daughter of Dr. Porter, of Skaneateles. THE TOWN OF GEDDES. 1039 Their children were the late James Geddes, and the wife of Davis Cos- sitt, of Onondaga. His second wife was Mary Chamberlain, of Red Hook, N. Y. Mr. Geddes died at his home in 1883. James Geddes was born November 10, 1831. He enjoyed full oppor tunity to obtain an excellent education in the Homer Academy and Cazenovia Seminary, and afterwards studied civil engineering in which profession he became proficient before he was eighteen years of age. He followed this vocation a few years, but his natural love of agricul tural pursuits drew his attention to farming. Under his liberal and intelligent direction the home farm continued to be one of the most beautiful and productive in this county. Mr. Geddes took an active interest in the State Agricultural Society and was a member of the ex ecutive committee. Elected to the Assembly in 1882 and 1883, he was instrumental in the creation and passage of the present game laws. When the State Experiment Station was organized at Geneva, Mr. Geddes was appointed its general manager by the governor. Mr. Geddes was a whole-souled, warm-hearted and generous man, beloved by all who enjoyed his friendship. His death took place May 16, 1887. He left two children, George Geddes and Mrs. W. Judson Smith. It will be noted that the settlement at the head of the lake' was be gun only a few years after that at Salina, and long before any one had thought of a village on the site of Syracuse. At the time ofthe settle- mentj Judge Geddes found a rude road extending from Salina to Onon daga Hollow. This was the only means of communication with either that point or Salina and Judge Geddes and his associates saw the neces sity of connecting with it by a new road. By the aid of a fund then in the hands of commissioners, and by large contributions, a good road was constructed from his settlement connecting with the Salina and Onondaga Hollow road. Mr. Clark in his Onondaga, p. 151, says of another early road attributed to Judge Geddes: One of the earliest, and greatest improvements about the village of Geddes, was the making of a road from that place to Salina. The ground over which the road was to pass was a perfect quagmire, filled with thick cedar timber and low brush wood. It was so miry, so thick with underbrush, and so much covered with water that it was completely impassable and could not be surveyed by the ordinary methods. In this case the surveyor set his compass at the house of Samuel R. Mathews, at Salina, and took the bearing of Mr. Hughs' s chimney, above the trees, and from this observation the route of the road was commenced by cutting brush and laying them crosswise on the line of the road and covering them with earth. The process was slow, but time and perseverance has accomplished the work, and an excellent road, perfectly straight between the two villages, is the result. 1040 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. In these works, which were more or less for the general public good, the people who had located at Salina evinced no interest, and it was recorded that they were somewhat jealous of the incipient salt works of the Pennsylvania Company at Geddes. If this be true it could not have endured long, for the market for salt was soon found to be greater than could be supplied. But the Indians were certainly jealous. They claimed an exclusive privilege of the use of the salt springs at the head of the lake. Through the influence of Ephraim Webster a council was called and Judge Geddes was present. After due deliberation he was adopted into the tribe and given the name of " Don-da-dah-gwah, " thus solving the problem in a peculiarly Indian fashion. The next settler at Geddes was Freeman Hughs, who came from Westfield, Mass. , when eighteen years of age. There was then not a single house in the town of Geddes, except at the salt works, and they had been abandoned. Mr. Hughs became a prominent citizen, especially in the later operations in salt, and was a justice of the peace. He built the house where Col. W. R. Chamberlin now lives. He died in Geddes at the age of seventy-five years, on the 29th of August, 1856. His son James was the first child born at Geddes. In 1807 Judge Geddes made the first map of the village showing the pasture and marsh lots.. This map was made for Dr. William Kirkpatrick, then salt superintendent, and is on file in the surveyor-general's office. It also shows twenty lots on both sides of what is now Genesee street. The village was resurveyed and mapped by Judge Geddes in 1812, and in 1821 the map was enlarged. In 1822 John Randel, jr., laid out the village substantially as it appeared when annexed to the city in 1887. The streets were laid out one hundred feet wide. Isaac Pharis came to Geddes in 1811 while young and afterwards married Lavina Root. He subsequently bought a lot on Emerson avenue (formerly Orchard street), and spent his life there. He died July 14, 1845, aged forty-nine years. His sons were Charles E., Isaac R., Mills P., and Sheldon P. The first three of these have been prominent in the history of Geddes. Mills P. Pharis, who still lives there, was connected with the salt industry nearly forty years, during nineteen of which he was in State employ as inspector. He manufac tured quite largely and built blocks. I. R. Pharis was also prominently identified with the industry and was a man of ability. He died in October, 1889. Charles E. was also in the salt business and one of the leading men in the American Dairy Salt Company. He died Septem- THE TOWN OF GEDDES. 1041 ber 13, 1877, aged fifty-eight. Sheldon P. was engaged in boating a few years, when he went to California. Jacob Sammons, a veteran of the Revolutionary war, lived at Geddes in the early part of the century, and died there in 1815. His son, Thomas, served in the war of 1812, and was a boatman and saltmaker at Geddes. He died in 1876 at the age of eighty-two years. The Root family, into which Isaac Pharis married, had an eventful experience. The father with his family started for the Western Reserve from Connecticut in 1810 with an ox team. Reaching Buffalo, an acquaintance induced them to hire a farm and remain there. Two years later, when the British came across and sacked Buffalo, the family fled to Batavia and Mr. Root soon returned to Connecticut. He after wards went west to the Reserve, but his sons, Jesse, Erastus, and daughters, Nancy, Lavina (who married Isaac Pharis), Sally and Maria settled at Geddes. When the village was mapped the public square was laid out and a lot was reserved for school purposes east of the park. There, in a primitive school house, Nancy Root taught a very early, if not the first school in the village, in 1803. The old school house was displaced ere many years by a brick one and there Simeon Spaulding taught in 1825. Mr. Spaulding was an early resident of the place, was justice of the peace and highly esteemed. James Lamb settled at Geddes in 1803 and built the first frame house in that year and kept a tavern until after the war of 1812. It stood on Genesee street. He came from near Seneca Lake and died in Geddes. Simeon Phares was a soldier of the Revolution and located at Geddes in 1803. He was a brother of Andrew, who settled in Salina. Simeon built a log house on the site of the Lake Shore House, and lived there until his death about the year 1820. His wife was Anna, daughter of James Lamb, the pioneer tavernkeeper. Simeon Phares engaged in salt-making with Thomas Orman, another Salina pioneer. Orman used to go back and forth, as others doubtless did, between Geddes and Salina in a canoe, and the place where he habitually moored his craft near the site of the present pump house, was then called " Orman's Landing." John Y. Phares, who is still living at Geddes, son of Simeon, was born August 22, 1810, and was the second child born at Geddes, and has always lived there, doing business as a shoe maker. He learned his trade with John Sanborn, who was the first resident shoemaker in the place. Andrew Phares, a brother of John Y. , also learned the shoemaker's trade and died at South Onondaga. 131 1042 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. But long before he began shoemaking he taught either the first or the second school at Geddes, in a log house that stood near the site of the present school house. One of the earliest merchants in Geddes was John Dodge, who had a store where Dr. E. H. Flint's house now stands. Dodge afterwards, and before 1824, built a store on the line of the canal, where the Gere block now stands, and carried on business there. He subsequently removed from the place. Charles L. Skinner in company with Joseph Shepard kept a store in the Dodge building after Dodge left it, and in 1831 Skinner built for himself on the site of the Geddes House. In 1825 Sheldon Pardee kept a store at the end of Furnace street (now West Fayette), and in 1831 Charles Pardee, his brother, put up a building on the site of the street railroad building. He was a resi dent, of Skaneateles. Joel Dickinson, son-in-law of James Mann, was an early merchant in the old " Green " store on the canal. He failed and James H. Mann, his son-in-law, joined him and continued the business for a time ; but both finally gave up. David Vrooman was a very early settler. He was a carpenter and hewed the timbers used in the construction of the old salt reservoir before 1812. He married Nancy Root. Noah Smith was another pioneer in the salt industry at Geddes, locating there before 1812. He removed to Phoenix in 1833 and died there in December, 1861. In 1819 a road was opened running from the site of the present Methodist church to Onondaga Hill. This highway was ultimately abandoned. Charles Carpenter came to Geddes first in 1812, but went away and afterwards returned and took up his permanent residence in 1816. He was prominently identified with the salt industry, was inspector for a period, and was a justice of the peace. He first lived in a log house that stood directly in what is now Willis avenue, very near the line of Genesee street. Capt. John G. Terry was an early settler. He had five sons: John, Erasmus, Ralph, Norman, and Griswold; and four daughters named Sabrina, Louisa, Phoebe, and Chloe. Captain Terry died in 1838 at the age of sixty years. We have thus named most of the early settlers and business men of Geddes. The village amounted to almost nothing, except as a station for the manufacture of salt, until the opening of the canal in 1825. This gave it quite an impetus, the population increased, several new THE TOWN OF GEDDES. 1043 places of business were opened, and the limited agricultural area in the town was cleared and prepared for cultivation. William W. Tripp located at Geddes very soon after the opening of the canal and began boat-building. His yard was at the old canal basin. He died at Geddes August 2, 1884, aged eighty-eight years. Harvey Stewart came in at about the same time and opened a grocery in the old brick building near the bridge, where Nathaniel Kelsey, son- in-law of Mr. Stewart, recently carried on business. Mr. Stewart after wards engaged in the salt industry. This building was erected by Mr. Stewart and Simeon Spaulding just before 1850. Joseph M. Willey founded about the first manufacturing industry here, aside from salt, by making the small, round wooden boxes in which fine salt was formerly packed, and he did quite an extensive business in that line. He died in 1857, aged sixty-three years. Joseph Shepard, who died in Geddes in June, 1867, at the age of eighty-eight years, came there about the year 1831. His son Joseph bought the stoneware pottery not far from 1855. This pottery was started some years earlier by William H. Farrar, for the manufacture of "red ware " from the clay found at Geddes. This was afterwards given up and gray ware made from clay brought from New Jersey by boat. The pottery was burned in a recent year. Oliver Barker located in Geddes about 1825 and kept a grocery in a building erected by Mr. Pardee, before alluded to. He lived to be more than ninety years old and died in November, 1888. In the spring of 1824 Robert Gere settled on a farm about one and a half miles west of Geddes village. His two brothers, William S. and Charles, also located there on adjoining farms. At a later date Robert Gere became an extensive manufacturer of salt and engaged largely in the lumber business. In 1835-36 he was a large contractor and asso ciated with Elizur Clark in supplying ties for the railroads of the State. In 1843 he removed to Syracuse and associated himself with William H. Alexander and C. C. Bradley in the foundry and machine shop busi ness. He was superintendent of the salt springs from 1848 to 1851 and also filled other stations of honor and trust. With the late Horace White he founded the Geddes Coarse Salt Company, situated west of the village, of which he was president, and for many years he was widely engaged in active and prosperous business pursuits, and was in every sense a representative citizen. He died in 1887 at the age of eighty-one years. His sons, the Hon. R. Nelson Gere (deceased), George 1044 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. C. Gere, Hon. W. H. H- Gere, and the late N. Stanton Gere, have all been prominently identified with the manufacturing interests of Geddes, Syracuse, and other places. Robert Gere's only daughter is the wife of the Hon. J. J. Belden. For many years the Gere farm, the Geddes farm at " Fairmount " and the celebrated Smiths & Powell Stock Farm, on the lake shore, have been among the best in Onondaga county. The latter farm is on the lake shore a little west of the city line, and was established by William Brown Smith (deceased), and Edward A. Powell. Wing R. Smith and W. Judson Smith are members of the firm, which has a large nursery interest, besides their .heavy importation and breeding of Holstein and other blooded cattle, Perch eron and other select breeds of horses and other stock. A post-office named "Lakeland" is maintained near the head quarters on the farm. Among other farmers of this town who have been prominent in the development of the rural districts should be mentioned John Cowan, James Knapp (father of P. Schuyler and Dr. J. Willis Knapp), Henry Jerome and his son James, Abraham Ward (former owner of land on which has been built the mansion of F. R. Hazard), Silas Babcock and his father, Robert Andrews, William Tanner, Hamlet Worker, Silas Corey, Horace Draper, Myron C. Darrow and his father, M. M. Arm strong, Thomas Dean and others. Capt. John G. Terry was a Geddes pioneer who died in 1838. His fifth son was Griswold Terry, whose widow died in April, 1895, at the age of ninety-four years. Among their children are Guy Terry, who has been a successful farmer and is still living; Mrs. James Geddes, and another daughter living in Michigan. Ferris Hubbell came to Geddes about 1827 and became somewhat conspicuous in the community. He was connected with the salt in dustry and at a later date with other manufacturing interests of the place. He was father of Charles E. Hubbell, president of the Onon daga Pottery Company. He died in Geddes in January, 1885. Charles Woolson was a resident of Geddes and father of Albina Woolson and of Gardner Woolson, who was a contractor. Benjamin Avery took up his residence at Geddes before 1830, and was engaged with Parley Howlett, of Howlett Hill, in buying and slaughtering cattle. His slaughter house stood on the bank of the canal and a large business was carried on. After the canal was opened Mr. Howlett established a packing house opposite the present weigh THE TOWN OF GEDDES. 1045 lock and did a large business there. There are men living who re member his hanging fresh hides on the rude fence then surrounding Fayette Park, but this was soon stopped by the authorities. Cyrus Avery was a son of Benjamin, and his daughter married Col. W. R. Chamberlin. The cattle and packing business was afterward carried on by Alfred A. Howlett, son of Parley, on the site of the Sanderson steel works. Stephen W. Smith who came to Geddes about 1829, kept a tavern soon afterwards, just west of the Methodist church site. He died there in 1864. In 1831 Messrs. Piatt & Durkee built the large brick structure near the canal bridge, with pillars fronting the first story,, This was in tended for stores, but very little was done there in that line. Cyrus Thompson the founder of the so-called " Thompsonian " system of medicine, came to Geddes sometime before 1830 and began his busi ness of manufacturing remedies. He afterwards bought the large building and used it as a sanitarium on his plan, and accumulated wealth. He died in the west, though his residence continued in Ged des until his death. At the same time that this building was erected (1831) Jonas Mann had a large grist mill built where Genesee street crosses the canal, but his death put an end to the enterprise and the was mill never operated. C. T. Longstreet carried on a tailoring business in Geddes for about three years, beginning with 1832. Edwin R. Smith, born in Geddes in 1819, learned his trade with Mr. Longstreet and followed that business down to recent years. The history of the school taught by Miss Root is obscure down to about 1825, at which time Simeon Spaulding was teaching in a brick building which had been erected a few years earlier on the corner 'of School street and Lowell avenue. In 1846 a two-story brick structure was erected, which became and now is a part of the Porter school. The school takes its name from Dr. W. W. Porter, who was in charge of it one year (1851-52) and was an enthusiastic friend of education. Dr. Porter practiced medicine in Geddes from 1853 until near his death in 1885. At the date of the annexation of part of Geddes village to Syr acuse (1887) the town of Geddes was divided into three school districts. In the early history of Geddes village, burials were made in a lot which is now the Sackett Tract. In 1854 a beautifully situated tract on the highlands overlooking the village and the lake was secured and the cemetery established thereon. 1046 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. The village of Geddes was incorporated by act of Legislature passed April 20, 1832. The first election of village officers was authorized to be held on the first Tuesday in June, 1832. All of the village records down to 1850 were destroyed by fire on the night of the 8th of Febru ary, 1850; consequently no proceedings of the village authorities, or list of officers, can be given for the interval of eighteen years. Follow ing is a list of trustees down to the time of its admission to the city, in February, 1887: Trustees. — 1850, Simeon Spaulding, Stephen W. Smith, Isaac R. Pharis, Albina Woolson ; 1851, Daniel D. Smith, R. Nelson Gere, Edgar Vrooman, Daniel W. Coykendall, Albina Woolson ; 1852, Thomas Sammons, Joel F. Paige, Hiram Slade, Sullivan H. Morse, John Whiting; 1853, Joel F. Paige, Albina Woolson, Joseph Shepard, jr., Thomas Robinson, William W. Tripp; 1854, Elijah W. Curtis, Daniel Coykendall, Edgar Vrooman, William J. Sammons, John Y. Phares; 1855, Elijah W. Curtis, Daniel W. Coykendall, William J. Sammons, Mills P. Pharis, William Boulian; 1856, Thomas Sammons, R. N. Gere, Isaac R. Pharis, Henry Duncan, Elijah W. Curtis; 1857, James W. Patten, A. Cadwell Belden, Henry Case, John D. Stanard, Henry Duncan; 1858, B. F. Willey, E. R. Smith, William J. Sammons, Nor man Vrooman, William W. Tripp; 1859, William H. Farrar, Burlingame Harris, R. N. Gere, Francis H. Nye, Ferris Hubbell; 1860, Francis H. Nye, R. Nelson Gere, Gardner Woolson, Harvey Stewart, Joel F. Paige; 1861, Joel F. Paige, R. Nelson Gere, Francis H. Nye, Gardner Woolson, Harvey Stewart; 1862, Joel F. Paige, Harvey Stewart, Francis H. Nye, R. Nelson Gere, Isaac R. Pharis. 1863, Joel F. Paige, Harvey Stewart, Stephen W. Smith, Perry C. Rude, Hiram Slade; 1864, Thomas Robinson, Mills P. Pharis, Richard G. Joy, W. H. H. Gere, William D. Coykendall; 1865, Thomas Robinson, Mills P. Pharis, Richard G. Joy, W. H. H. Gere, W. D. Coykendall ; 1866, Samuel E. Barker, Harvey Stewart, Charles F. Gere, Gilbert Sweet, John Y. Phares. Under New Charter.— R. Nelson Gere, 1867; Mead Belden, 1867 to 1874 inclusive; Samuel E. Barker, 1867-68-69; Charles E. Pharis, 1868 to 1873 inclusive; Reuben C. Holmes, 1870 to 1875 inclusive ; Terrence E. Hogan, 1874 to 1877 inclusive ; Richard Tremain, 1875 to 1878 inclusive; George C. Gere, 1876 to 1884 inclusive; George A. Cool, 1878 to 1881 inclusive ; A. M. Smart, 1879 ; Austin G. Ward, 1880 ; Henry C. Day, 1881-83; Barnard Wente, 1883-84-85; Philip Gooley, 1884-85-86;' James C. Rann, 1885-86; Martin Lawler, 1886. The first town election in Geddes was held on the fourth Tuesday in March, 1848, when the following principal officers were chosen: Supervisor, Elijah W. Curtis; town clerk, Edward Vrooman; justices of the peace, George E. Teft, Henry G. Stiles, James H. Luther. Until after the war of 1861-65 Geddes still remained a small village, having a population of less than one thousand in 1868 ; but the impetus given to all kinds of manufacturing and business operations by the close of the war and the general feeling of confidence incident thereto THE TOWN OF GEDDES. 1047 with shipping and other advantages of the place, contributed to give it a very rapid growth. Its population had reached nearly 7,000 at the date of its annexation to the city (1886-7). Several large manufac tures were founded, among them being the Onondaga Iron Company, the Onondaga Pottery Company, Sanderson Brothers Steel Company, the Syracuse Iron Works, the Sterling Iron Ore Company, and several small companies. Nearly all of these passed into the city limits and are elsewhere described. The annexation of Geddes and territory adjacent thereto was author ized by an act of Legislature passed on the 17th of May, 1886, and embraced all within the following described boundaries : All that district of country being the territory of the village of Geddes and all that part of the town of Geddes in the county of Onondaga which lies east of the line described as follows : Beginning at the intersection of the south line of the town of Geddes and the west line of the highway known as the Geddes and Onondaga road; running thence northerly along the west line of said road to the south line of the village of Geddes ; thence westerly along the south line of said village and the Geddes Cemetery to the southwest corner of the cemetery; thence northerly along the west line of said cemetery to the northwest corner thereof ; thence east along the north line of said cemetery to the west line of said village ; thence northerly along the west line of said village and the continuation thereof so far as to intersect the west line of farm lot number 143; thence northerly along said west line to a point intersecting the con tinuation westerly of the north line of Sixth North street to the west line of Quince street ; thence northerly along the west line of Quince street and the continuation thereof to the intersection of the northerly line of farm lot number 54, and thence easterly along the north line of farm lot number 54 and the north lfne of reclaimed lot number 39 to the low water line on the southerly shore of Onondaga Lake. The building of the great works of the Solvay Process Company a little west of Geddes village in 1881-2, and their immense extension since that time, attracted around them an army of employees, many of whom desired to live nearer their labor. Dwellings began to be built, groceries and shops were opened and the nucleus of a village soon arose, in all of which the company evinced a deep and liberal interest. So'rapidly grew the settlement that in 1893 measures were adopted for incorporation, which plan was carried out and the first village election held May 15, 1894. Frederick R. Hazard was chosen president and is still in the office. The other first officers were William B. Boyd, Will iam Cross, James Matthews, trustees; M. C. Darrow, collector; C. O. Richards, treasurer and secretary. Solvay Union School embraces Districts 2 and 3, and a small part of District No. 1 is in the village. There are three school buildings in the 1048 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Union School, all under C. O. Richards, principal, with fifteen teachers. There are two kindergartens and a graded system from them to the High School. The schools have been under the supervision of the Regents of the University since June, 1894. A water supply has been established, the water being taken from pure springs by pumping, and 100 hydrants protect the village from fire. The post-office was opened March 8, 1889. Emmet Davidson is postmaster. A post-office has long existed in the extreme north part of the town on the D., L. &W. Railroad, under the name of Stiles Station. T. B. Grace is postmaster. Building in the town of Geddes, just outside of the city limits, and at Fairmount has been considerably promoted within the last five years through the operations of several land companies and real estate firms, who have purchased tracts, divided them into building lots, and sold them, if desired, on long time. The summer resorts of Pleasant Beach, Long Branch, Maple Ba3% and others of less note, are situated on the lake shore in the town of Geddes, and attract hosts of visitors from city and country during the season. The following statement shows the population of this town as given in the various census reports: 1850, 2,011; 1855, 2,066; 1860, 2,528; 1865, 3,240; 1870, 4,505; 1875, 5,703; 1880, 7,088; 1890, 1,717; 1892, 1,776. Following is a list of the supervisors of Geddes, as far as they are obtainable : 1848, Elijah W. Curtis; 1849-51, Henry D. Stiles; 1851-53, Stephen Smith; 1853-55, Henry Jerome; 1855-56, James W. Knapp; 1856-59, R. Nelson Gere; 1859-60, Stephen W. Smith; 1860-64,' Joel F. Paige; 1864-71, William H. -H. Gere; 1871-73, Charles E. Hubbell; 1873-80, N. Stanton Gere; 1880-82, Webster R. Chamberlin; 1882-84, Daniel W. Langan; 1884-85, John Scanlan; 1887-92, P. Schuyler Knapp J 1892-96, Frederick M. Power. ONONDAGA RESERVATION 1800. 1§\%. ONONDAGA COUNTY.raW^rORK. ||\. m OnondagaiCastle iLPiost Office Store.Jwg°te' . & 3m The Six-Bodied Elm ON LAND OF SOL0M6N GEORGE Area. 6100 Acres. PbP.1890 494, All Indians iocated and plotted by Henry.B Carrinjjtoii.U.S. A Special Agent II111 Census. THE ONONDAGA INDIANS. 1049 CHAPTER XLVIII. THE ONONDAGA INDIANS AND THEIR RESERVATION.1 The original Reservation of the Onondagas, as denned by a treaty made at Fort Stanwix on September 12, 1788, embraced parts of the towns of La Fayette, Camillus, Geddes, and the city of Syracuse, and all of Onondaga. A second treaty signed November 18, 1793, ceded to the State the most of the town of Onondaga and all north thereof, leaving to the Indians not only their present Reservation and tracts on the east and south, but a narrow strip of land on the west bank of On ondaga Creek extending southward from or nearly from the city limits. This strip was divided near the center by Webster's mile square, lying immediately southwest of Onondaga Hollow, and was purchased by the State by treaty dated July 28, 1795. On February 25, 1817, the Reser vation was again reduced, the State purchasing twenty-seven lots, or about 4,000 acres, on the east side thereof, now included in the towns of La Fayette and Onondaga. At the same time Webster's 300 acres, lying within and just west of the center of the north edge of the pres ent Reservation, and now owned by white settlers, were confirmed to Ephraim. Webster and his heirs. The fourth and last reduction was made February 11, 1822, when the Indians sold to the State 800 acres of their land from the south end of the Reservation and now in the town of La Fayette, leaving their once extensive possessions with an area of 6,100 acres. These various treaties are fully mentioned on pages 172- 179. On February 28, 1829, a treaty made at Albany provided for the payment of all annuities at Onondaga, part having hitherto been paid at Canandaigua. The Onondagas now receive from the State of New York money and goods to the value of $2,430 annually. Probably 1 Chapters III to XVI, inclusive, of the present work, embrace extended accounts of the pow erful Iroquois Confederacy, and of the various nations and tribes which made up that organiza tion. In this chapter it is designed merely to preserve in brief the traditions, customs, laws, sta tistics, and notable events relating purely to the Onondagas and their Reservation from their settlement in the valley of Onondaga to the present time. 132 1050 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. more than this sum, or its equivalent, is every year distributed among the dusky inhabitants of the Reservation, where each of the Six Nations of the Iroquois League is represented. The origin of the Onondagas as well as that of the Iroquois is envel oped in tradition. According to David Cusick 1 a legend which was cur rent among all the tribes ran thus: The holder of the Heavens took the Indians out of a hill near Oswego Falls, and led them to and down the Mohawk and Hudson Rivers to the sea. There th.ey be came scattered ; but their great leader brought six families back to the junction of the Hudson and Mohawk, and then proceeding westerly He planted the Five Nations, the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas, by leaving a family at the location of each, giving them names, and slightly changing the language of each. With the sixth family He proceeded on between mid-day and sun-set, to the Mississippi River, which part of them crossed upon a grape vine, but the vine break ing those on this side traveled easterly to the neighborhood of the ocean, and set tled upon the Neuse River, in North Carolina. This last was the Tuscarora tribe. Continuing the same author says: About one hundred winters since the people left the mountains, — the five families were increased and made some villages in the country. The Holder of the Heavens was absent from the country, which was destitute of the visits of the Governor of the Universe. The reason produced the occasion that they were invaded by the mon. sters called Ko-nea-rau-neh-neh (Flying Heads), which devoured several people of the country. The Flying Heads made invasions in the night ; but the people were attentive to escape by leaving their huts and concealing themselves in other huts prepared for the purpose. An instance : — There was an old woman who resided at Onondaga ; she was left alone in the hut at evening, while others deserted. She was setting near the fire parching some acorns when the monstrous Head made its appearance at the door ; while viewing the woman it was amazed that she eat the coals of fire, by which the monsters were put to flight, and ever since the" Heads dis appeared and were supposed concealed in the earth. After a short time the people were invaded by the monster of the deep ; the Lake Serpent traverses the country, which interrupted their intercourse. The five families were compelled to make forti fications throughout their respective towns, in order to secure themselves from the devouring monsters. Cusick mythically narrates other interesting stories of the Stonish Giants, who invaded the Onondaga fort, devouring the people in every town ; of Atotarho, the hostile chief, who resided there, his head and body ornamented with black snakes, his dishes and spoons made of 1 David Cusick, author of "Sketches of Ancient History of the Six Nations," was the son of Nicholas Cusick, a Tuscarora, who died near Lewiston, N. Y., in 1840, at the age of about eighty- two. David's death occurred a few years later. He possessed a fair education and was esteemed a good doctor. His History passed through three editions, dated repectively 1826, 1828, and 1848. His brother James became a Baptist minister and a noted man, published a collection of Indian hymns, and died in Canada. Albert Cusick is a grandson of James. THE ONONDAGA INDIANS. 1051 enemies' skulls ; of the tree of peace reaching to the clouds of Heaven, which was planted at Onondaga, and under which the council fire was kindled and the chiefs deliberated and smoked the pipe of peace, all of which gave the Onondagas supremacy as the center of government ; of the invasion of their fort by a great mosquito, which was pursued and killed by the Holder of the Heavens near the salt lake Onondaga,! the blood becoming small mosquitoes; of the founding of witchcraft by the Nanticokes and the burning of fifty witches near the Onondaga fort. At a period of perhaps 300 years before Columbus discovered America Cusick credits the Onondagas with 4,000 warriors. Another theory, one upon which more reliance can be placed, is that the Iroquois, as a family, developed in Canada, having with the Hurons their center of population at or near Niagara River, whence the various tribes migrated east and west, and settled. But this migration left the Onondagas in Jefferson county, N. Y. , and early tradition points to the southwest corner of that territory as the probable place of their origin. They evidently came south, however, about the year 1600, for in 1615 Champlain attacked trieir fort in Fenner, Madison county (see p. 42). During the remainder of the seventeenth century they had their vil lages in the town of Pompey, or adjacent territory, and at a point about one mile south of Jamesville, on lot 3, La Fayette, they burned their fort when the French came against them in 1696. This is the town described by Wentworth Greenhalgh in 1677, as follows: The Onondagoes have but one town, but it is very large ; consisting of about 140 houses not fenced ; it is situate upon a hill that is very large, the bank on each side extending itself at least two miles, cleared land, whereon the corn is planted. They have likewise a small village about two miles beyond that, consisting of about 24 houses. They lye to the southward of the west, about 36 miles from the Oneydas. They plant abundance of corn which they sell to the Oneydas. The Onondagoes are said to be about 350 fighting men. They lye about 15 miles from Teshiroque [Oneida Lake]. Soon after the destruction of their town, or about 1700, the Onon dagas located in Onondaga Valley, just southwest of the present village of that name, and there on Webster's mile square, west of the creek, Sir William Johnson built a fort for them in 1756. It was this Indian village that John Bartram visited and described in 1743, as follows: The town in its present state, is about 2 or 3 miles long, yet the scattered cabins on both sides the water are not above 40 in number ; many of them hold two families, 1 The Great Mosquito, Kah-ye-yah-ta-ne-go-na, was killed, it is claimed, at Centerville, which is still called Kah-yah-tak-ne-t'ke-tah-keh, "where the mosquito lies." 1052 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. but all stand single, and rarely above 4 or 5 near one another; so that the whole town is a strange mixture of cabins, interspersed with great patches of grass, bushes, and shrubs, some of pease, corn, and squashes, limestone bottom composed of fossils and sea shells. Bartram continues with a description of their council house, which is reprinted on p, 103, and then gives his first night's experience therein, as follows : At night, soon after we were laid down to sleep, and our fire almost burnt out, we were entertained by a comical fellow, disguised in as odd a dress as Indian folly could invent; he had on a clumsy vizard of wood colour'd black, with a nose 4 or 5 inches long, a grinning mouth set awry, furnished with long teeth, round the eyes circles of bright brass, surrounded by a larger circle of white paint, from his fore head hung long tresses of buffaloes hair, and from the catch part of his head ropes made of the plated husks of Indian corn ; I cannot recollect the whole of his dress, but that it was equally uncouth : he carried in one hand a long staff, in the other a calabash with small stones in it, for a rattle, and this he rubbed up and down his staff ; he would sometimes hold up his head and make a hideous noise like the bray ing of an ass ; he came in at the further end, and made this noise at first, whether it was because he would not surprise us too suddenly I can't say; I ask'd Conrad Weiser, who as well as myself lay next the alley, what noise that was? and Shicka- lamy, the Indian chief, our companion, who I supposed, thought me somewhat scared, called out, lye still John. I never heard him speak so much English before. The jackpudding presently came up to us, and an Indian boy came with him and kindled our fire, that we might see his glittering eyes and antick postures as he hob bled round the fire, sometimes he would turn the Buffaloes hair on one side that we might take the better view of his ill-favored phyz, when he had tired himself, which was sometime after he had well tired us, the boy that attended him struck 2 or 3 smart blows on the floor, at which the hobgoblin seemed surprised and on repeating them he jumped fairly out of doors and disappeared. I suppose this was to divert us and get some tobacco for himself, for as he danced about he would hold out his hand to any he came by to receive his gratification which as often as any one gave him he would return an awkward compliment. By this I found it no new diversion to any one but myself. In my whim I saw a vizard of this kind hang by the side of one of their cabins in another town. After this farce we endeavoured to compose ourselves to sleep but towards morning was again disturbed by a drunken Squaw coming into the cabin frequently complimenting us and singing. In April, 1779, Colonel Van Schaick, in command of 150 men, in vaded the Onondaga country, burned this village and council house, and drove the Indians from the vicinity ; but only temporarily. Soon afterward they moved a little farther south and settled in the pictur esque valley of their present Reservation, where they have lived in peace and security for upwards of one hundred years. Here they built a council house, the successor of which, rebuilt about 1875, is familiar to many visitors to that interesting settlement. Just west of it is a THE ONONDAGA INDIANS. 1053 small council house which formerly stood across the road, north of the long structure, on or near the spot where now rests the remains of Ka-ny-tie-you, one of the founders of the Pagan religion. This Reservation, topographically, is one of the most picturesque sections of the county. Broken into lofty hills and fertile valleys it abounds in varying and attractive scenery, and presents to the scientist and farmer a variety of interesting characteristics. More than 1,000 acres are stony and mountainous, and afford little of value except a poor grade of pasturage, but nearly all the remainder is either well adapted to agricultural purposes or covered with good and sufficient timber for fencing, fuel, etc. Unfailing springs of pure water abound, especially on the hills. The bottom lands are very fertile, and are quite generally cut up into small farms, most of which are cultivated by the Indians. Corn, potatoes, vegetables, and sniall quanties of grain are raised, while both small and large fruit, particularly straw berries, are produced with profit. The majority of the farms, however, produce but little more than is needed for home consumption. It is only within the last quarter-century that the Indians have noticeably thrown off the stoical habits and* customs of their forefathers and adopted, though even in a rude manner, the elevating methods of modern civilization. A number of their ancient traditions, observances, and tribal associations are still quite as strong and active as in the happy hunting days of old, but the examples and efforts of the whites, combined with the progressive influence of a few local enthusiasts, are slowly but surely introducing a new spirit of competition in agriculture. The Onondaga Creek flows northerly and northeasterly through the principal valley of the Reservation, and receives in its course four trib utaries. These streams afford excellent drainage. The main road, running along the east side of the valley from Syracuse, enters the northeast corner of the Reservation at Onondaga Castle post-office, sometimes called the "entrance gate," and runs thence southwesterly through the tract to Cardiff, with a thoroughfare branching off above the council house to South Onondaga. Near this principal highway, on land of Solomon George, stands the somewhat celebrated six-bodied elm. The north entrance to the Reserv^jon is about five miles south of the southern limits of Syracuse. afl The Onondagas have always held the proud distinction of the prin cipal tribe of the Iroquois Confederacy. In 1810 they numbered on this territory about 200 souls. At that period every or nearly every 1054 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. tribe of the League was represented among the inhabitants, and this condition exists at the present time. According to Spafford's Gazetteer of 1824 the present village, in which the council house is located, known as Onondaga Castle, contained "about fifty Indian houses on a street near a mile in length, and about 150 souls — fifty less than ten years ago. Their houses are built of hewn logs, the spaces filled with masoned mortar-work, and are comfortable enough — quite comfortable enough for Indians, though they would not do for our Christian mis sionaries at the Sandwich Islands, in South Africa, and the Lord knows where! " The total strength of the Onondagas at that time was about 500, of which some 350 lived at Buffalo Creek, Allegany, and Upper Canada; in 1835 the tribe on this Reservation had dwindled to about 100 souls. In 1860 there were on the Reservation fifteen frame houses, twelve frame barns, eighteen horse teams, and one yoke of oxen. Very few of the Indians talked in English, and many of them dressed after the fashion of their race — the women in short skirts, with beaded leg gings, short over-dresses of various colors, silver earrings, and brooches and other ornaments around their neck. The population numbered about 350, of which thirty-eight were Christians. A school house in very poor condition and poorly kept stood just south of the present M. E. parsonage. The chiefs were strongly opposed to the children attending it, and were equally strong in their opposition to Christianity, which accounts for the large number of Pagans. At this time the influences of civilization were beginning to be felt. The Reservation now (1896) contains seventy frame houses, twent)'- six frame barns, twenty-six horse teams, eleven single horses, seven yoke of oxen, from three to five grocery stores, one blacksmith, two shoemakers, several carpenters, two ministers, and about 495 inhabitants, more than one-half of whom are Christians. Paganism is rapidly pass ing away under the influences of the excellent State school and the three churches. The chiefs, although mostly Pagans themselves, take great interest in the education of the children and aid as far as consistent with their office in advancing the cause of Christianity. The English language is used almost entirely, the younger element using it exclusively. From the arrival of Father Le Moyne in 1654 to the present time (1896) the Onondagas have been visited by zealous and conscientious missionaries, whose early efforts to Christianize these dusky natives are fully detailed in preceding chapters. But the Indians held tenaciously THE ONONDAGA INDIANS. 1055 to their Pagan doctrines until the latter part of the eighteenth century. During the early years of this century Bishop Hobart exerted a power ful influence among both the Oneidas and Onondagas, administering confirmation to more than 500, while over 1,000 were baptized by min isters of the church. Rev. Eleazer Williams was one of the early mis sionaries here, visiting the Reservation first in 1816, when he was hurried to the council house that the Indians might "hear the words of Him who dwells in the heavens." At this time they were mainly Pagans, earnest disciples of the Peace Prophet, but had learned a little about Christianity from Rev. Samuel Kirkland. "Father" Ezekiel G. Gear, of Onondaga Hill, was also an active and useful missionary, be ginning about 1817, and once, on a raised platform at their village, he baptized several Indians and publicly received some others who had renounced Romanism. Among the converts from Paganism was Abram La Forte, who was long a faithful communicant, but ambition and isolation proved too much for his principles, and he relapsed. After many years of Pagan leadership he finally reverted to Christianity, and died at the Castle in October, 1848, aged fifty-four. He was well edu cated, finishing at Geneva Academy, and first taught a school on the Reservation with considerable success for about three years. Later he became the acknowledged leader of the Pagan party, opposed the Christian religion and schools, and bore a conspicuous part in councils and as master at sacrificial rites. Known as De-hat-ka-tons, he was a son of Captain La Forte, or Ho-ha-hoa qua, a noted Onondaga chief who fell at Chippewa in 1814, and was the father of Daniel La Forte, now principal chief, and of Thomas, a Wesleyan missionary. The Episcopal mission among the Onondagas was thus established by Bishop Hobart in 1816, and Revs. Clarke, Williams, and Gear offi ciated for many years. In 1829 the Methodists appointed exhorters to visit the Reservation, and their missions have been continued ever since with varying success. In September, 1867, Rev. George Morgan Hills,1 of Syracuse, came among the Indians, and with Bishop A. Cleveland •A few days before Christmas, soon after beginning his visits, Rev. Mr. Hills received the following letter, which is self-explanatory: "Rev. George Morgan Hills "I want you come down Christmas Day I want you baptize to little children Philip Jones her son and her girls four he got baptize that day and Another Wilson Reuben her girl and My little girl that be six children he wants you baptize Christmas day "from Yours Truly "Daniel La Forte "Onondaga Castle." 1056 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Coxe re established the Episcopal mission and procured a chapel, which was consecrated September 27, 1870. A mission house was also built and a school instituted, and soon afterward Rev. J. P. Foster became the missionary in charge. Their present church, known as the Church of the Good Shepherd, was originally built by the Wesleyans, who re organized their mission about 1893 and two years later erected an edi fice. Their minister is Rev. Thomas La Forte, a brother of Daniel, the principal chief. The Episcopal minister is Albert Cusick, who was ordained as deacon by Bishop Huntington on October 1, 1891. He is known in his tribe as Sa-go-na-qua-ten, "he who makes everybody mad," and belongs to the Eel clan. He was born in Niagara county in 1848, came to Onondaga county in 1860, and two years later became a warrior chief of the Six Nations. He was subsequently made principal chief, but very soon adopted the teachings of Christianity, and at his bap tism and confirmation by Bishop Huntington renounced all his tribal honors. He is a fluent English scholar, the recognized historian of his tribe, and active in promoting education, religion, temperance, and morality among his people. Half a century ago the Methodists had the only church or chapel on the Reservation. This building was remodeled about 1885 and is still standing. The church is under the Central New York M. E. Confer ence. The Indians, with few exceptions, have never had the same in herent attachment for church membership which characterizes the whites, but often vacillate between the different societies as personal preferences dictate. On this account one body is first strong and then weak according to its popularity. The old school building previously mentioned was finally moved across the road and is now the house of Samuel G. Isaacs. The pres ent structure, located also at the Castle, on the west side of the road, was erected by the State about 1887 at a cost of $500. During school '*? months it has a daily attendance of twelve to thirty-five children according to disposition and the weather. Drunkenness among Indians is too well known to require more than brief mention here. With the white man came liberal quan tities of "fire water," which performed its work of demoralization and not infrequently destroyed the results of missionary effort. Both warriors and squaws, and even young children, developed an insatiable desire for rum and whisky, and unscrupulous whites generously ap peased their thirst. And here allusion may be made to Handsome THE ONONDAGA INDIANS. 1057 Lake, or Contatauyou, the Peace Prophet, a Seneca sachem of the Turtle tribe and half-brother of Cornplanter, who was born near Avon about 1735 and died at Onondaga in 1815. About the year 1800, after a dissipated life, he claimed to have had dreams or visions, through which he was commissioned by the Great Spirit to come to the rescue of his people. His first efforts were to eradicate intemperance. With his teachings, which were termed the "New Religion," he mingled the fancies of his dreams, claiming that he had seen the branching paths which departed spirits trod on leaving the earth. " To a drunkard was given a red-hot liquid to drink, as if he loved it, and as a stream of blaze poured from his mouth he was commanded to sing as when on earth after drinking fire-water." "A woman who sold fire-water was nothing but bones, for the flesh had been eaten from her hands and arms." These and other principles upon which his teachings were founded wrought for Handsome Lake and his successor, Sasehawa, a deep place in the confidence of the old Pagan party. Soon after his death the Iroquois Temperance League was formed among the Six Nations, the organization taking place on the Tuscarora Reservation in Niagara county. Since then the League has held annual meetings, made up of representatives and others from various subordinate lodges on the different Reservations. The Onondagas, as a resident nation, were not represented until about 1891, when the Onondaga Temper ance Society, which had been organized some two years before, was admitted. This local society meets every two weeks, has about seventy- five members, and under the Iroquois League offers sick, accident, and death beneficiaries. Besides this the Onondagas take considerable in terest in Ka-no-sue-nee (Long House) Lodge, No. 777, I. O. G..T., which was organized November 2, 1877, and which has since main tained a flourishing existence. Its oldest charter member in continuous good standing is Albert Cusick, the first marshal and the present lodge deputy. Among other prominent members, past and present, are Rev. Welcome Smith, Elizabeth and Jacob A. Scanandoah, Josiah Jacobs, Christ John Smith, and Elizabeth Thomas. These two organizations have performed noble work in eradicating intemperance and building up morals among the Indians. The combined membership is over 100, and the consumption of whisky, lager, hard cider, and other intoxi cating liquors is less by nearly one-half than twenty years ago. Perhaps the best known organization among the Indians is the On ondaga Indian Band, which was formed in 1862, and which has taken 133 1058 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. a prominent part in many gatherings throughout Central New York, and especially in Syracuse, including the memorable Centennial cele bration in June, 1894. Albert Cusick, the present secretary, has been continuously a member of the band, being for a time its leader. The Onondagas also have a sportsmen's club, which has materially aided in preserving the game and fish on their Reservation. Among the leading Indian farmers are Dan iel La Forte, Jacob A. and Simon Scanandoah, Jaris Pierce, Orris Farmer, Charles Green, Wilson Johnson, Isaac Powless, Wilson Reu ben, Joshua Pierce, Mrs. Avis Hill, Mrs. Eliza beth Thomas, Josiah Jacobs, Elizabeth Scan andoah, John Loft, Mrs. Holly Hill and son Hol ly, jr., Thomas John, Baptiste and Eddy Thomas, John Green, Abram Printup, Hiram and Joshua Jones, David Jacobs, Sidney Isaacs, Lewis Thomas, Moses Smith, Frank Logan, Augustus Brown, Geo. Venevera, Melissa Peck- man, Mrs. Emily Hill, Peter Elm, Lewis Cook, Albert Cusick. Of these Farmer are among the The former Daniel La Forte. Wilson Reuben, Daniel La Forte, and Orris wealthiest and most prosperous men on the Reservation. 1 ' inherited " the farm of his ' ' Aunt Cynthia, " who was a shrewd political manager and financier, and who died at the age of ninety years. About 2,525 acres of land on the Reservation are cultivated. Ownership of land, though not recorded after the manner of the THE ONONDAGA INDIANS. 1059 whites, is acquired by verbal bargains accompanied by payment, and such agreements are respected. No papers ever pass between the con tracting parties. Many of the farms and other lands are leased to white people for a cash rental or upon shares. This is particularly true of the valuable limestone quarries lying, on the east side of the Reservation, a little west of the road to La Fayette, where as many as six derricks have been worked, paying to the nation annually $100 each. Successful agricultural fairs have been held on the Reserva tion for several years, particularly about 1871. The Onondagas, in proportion to their population, played a con spicuous part in both the war of 1812 and the war of the Rebellion. In the former 300 of their- warriors participated under Ephraim Webster, the pioneer, their interpreter, and Indian agent. The enumer ation of 1890 shows that at least sixteen Onondaga Indians served in the Rebellion, viz. : Charles Lyon, Peter Elm, Josiah Jacobs, Jacob Scanandoah, Hewett Jacobs, Samuel G. Isaacs, Henry Powless, Wilson Jacobs, Joseph Green, Thomas John, Martin Powless, Peter Johnson, Alexander Sullivan, William Martin, Eli Farmer, and Moses Jordan. It is quite certain that more than this number entered the service. Some enlisted under assumed names, and hence it is impossible to pre pare a complete list. Every person belonging to the nation has two names, one by which he or she is commonly known, the other representing their Indian nativity. Besides these the chiefs and officers of the tribe have a third, which designates their rank or official position. The names of the Onondaga principal chiefs are Tah-too-ta-hoo (entangled), Ho-ne-sa-ha (the best soil uppermost), De-hat-ka-tons (looking all over), O-ya-ta-je- wak (bitter in the throat), Ah-we-ke-yat (end of the water), Te-hah- yut-kwa-ye (red on the wing), Ho-no-we-eh-to (he has disappeared), Ga-wen-ne-sen-ton (her voice scattered), Ha-he-ho (spilling now and then), Ho-neo-nea-ne (something was made for him and laid down before him), Sah-de-gwa-se (he is bruised), Sa ko-ke-he (he may see them), Hoo-sah-ha-ho (wearing a weapon in his belt), Ska-nah-wah-ti (over the water), and Te-ka-ha-hoonk (he looks both ways) — fifteen in all These principal chiefs have or may have each a warrior chief, whose duty it is to obey his superior in all matters of government. A principal chief may call a council, and can order his subordinate to notify all the other chiefs for this purpose. He accedes to his office by election, has a seat in the Grand Council of the Iroquois, and can not be removed. At his 1060 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1 death the council fire is extinguished, and business is suspended until after condolement. The ceremony of condolence consists of lamenta tions, chanting, speech-making, and a feast. "Until the new chief is raised the horns of his predecessor are said to rest on his grave." The right of inheritance is through the mother; her children can claim only the privileges afforded by the nation to which she belonged. Marriages in the same clans were formerly but not now forbidden. Bur ial customs have often changed. Until recent ly the Onondagas main tained clan burials in rows, and hence a hus band and Wife were not buried together. Usu ally some ornaments or trinkets belonging to the deceased are in terred with the body, but otherwise the funeral ceremony is much like that of a white person. Formerly a dead feast was given by the women ten days after the burial, a kernel of corn accom panying the invitations, and only one man being invited as speechmaker. Pails of provisions were passed around, one be ing given to each per son present, and a dish was set on the table for the deceased ; out of the latter all partook in common. The Onondagas still pound much of their corn — a soft white variety which they esteem highly — in wooden mortars about two feet high, using a wooden pestle four feet long with a handle in the middle. For bread the meal thus produced is mixed with beans. They are quite Thomas Webster. THE ONONDAGA INDIANS. 1061 ingenious in wood work, and make bows, arrows, snow-snakes, baskets, etc. Their wampum, it is said, was originally made of pieces of wood stained black or white. The invention is ascribed to Hiawatha, who gathered white shells and called down a wampum bird for the purpose. Thomas Webster, the Onondaga keeper of the wampum, gives the tra dition thus: "There is a tree set in the ground, and it touches the heavens. Under that tree sits this Wampum. It sits on a log. Coals of fire [council fire] is unquenchable, and the Six Nations are at the council fire held by the tribe. Tah-too-ta-hoo, a member of the Bear clan, is the great chief here. He has a descendant in our tribe to-day. His name is Frank Logan. One of the uses of the wampum is for a symbol in the election of officers. The wampum bearer keeps the treaties of the nation." Frank Logan belongs to the Eel clan and is a Cherokee descendant. Thomas Webster is of the Snipe clan; he is a consistent, thorough Pagan, and interpreter to the Onondagas, who re tain the custody of the wampums of the Five Nations. There are eleven of these historic wampums, each fraught with traditional story of persons and events. Among the Onondagas feasts, sacrifices, and dreams formerly held an important place in their tribal ceremonies, and although a number of these ancient practices are still observed many have passed wholty into oblivion. The Dream feast occurred in January or February and intensified all the follies of the ordinary dream. The False Faces, described by John Bartram, form a sort of secret society and are still a prominent body. Green Lake, west of Jamesville, was the reputed ancient resort for their greatest mysteries. Fairies seldom appeared. but a precipitous bank of bowlder clay in the ravine east of the Castle is regarded as their favorite sliding place. In some of the feasts there is a dance for the Thunders, to whom tobacco is offered in dry seasons to relieve drouth. He-no, the Thunder, figures in several Iroquois stories. The Maple dance, called Heh-teis-ha-stone-tas (putting in syrup), has ceased, owing to the absence of maple syrup. The sacrifice of the White Dog in point of time corresponds to and takes the place of the old Dream feast, and even retains some of its features. It is the most important of "all the Pagan usages. The white dog is now seldom burned among the Onondagas. It is an an cient custom whereby the sins of the people are supposed to be gath ered by the chiefs, who by some vicarious mystery lay them upon the head of a perfectly white dog, without spot or blemish, and organically 1062 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. sound. A single black hair would destroy the efficacy of the victim. The dog is strangled ; not a drop of blood is shed ; it is then fancifully painted and carried into the council house. In the afternoon the sacri ficial ceremonies commence. The accompanying engraving represents the sacrifice which occurred at Onondaga Castle on January 18, 1872, when Captain George was the great chief, arrayed in all the splendor of his office, standing in the foreground. Sacrifice of the White Dog, Jan. 18, 1872, Captain George, High Priest. The feast, when fully carried out, lasts fourteen days, the first three being devoted to religious services and the confession of sins. Then follow three days of gambling, on the last of which the False Faces visit houses and poke in the ashes ; on the seventh and eighth days the False Faces come to the council house in a body. These are known as medicine men, and their function at this time is to go through the ceremony of chasing out witches and devils. On the ninth day, called Koon-wah-yah-tun-was (they are burning dog), the white dog, now strangled and painted, is carried out and burned on a pile of fagots. This proceeding is best described by the following extract from a con temporary periodical : THE ONONDAGA INDIANS. 1063 Captain George, who, as head chief of the nation, acted as high priest, entered the council house and proceeded to array himself in a white tunic, the sleeves of which were bound up with white ribbons. He then girded himself with a belt of beads, and placed upon his head an adornment that might excite the admiration of the most fashionable of milliners — it was so light and feathery. Taking his seat in the center of the room, he waited in solemn silence for a long time. At length the solemn moment arrived, and so impressive were the proceedings that the only white men permitted to be present felt themselves compelled to uncover their heads and cease their labors. Rising slowly and majestically, bearing a long white wand in his right hand, Captain George commenced a chant in the Onondaga language; passing slowly around the typical dog from his position at the east he proceeded to the south, west, and north, and then returned to his former position, where he consulted with one of the chiefs. This proceeding was repeated three times; and then, as if he had gathered all the sins of the people, he approached the dog and uttered a. pathetic lament. After this the body of the victim, which was laid upon a rough bier, was gently lifted up and borne to the place of sacrifice by the hands of the chiefs of the nation. The high priest then, standing at the east side of the altar of sacrifice, solemnly committed the victim to the flames. The sacrifice was completed; the atonement made. The sins of the people were expiated, and general joy was mani fested by the firing of guns and mutual congratulations. Formerly two white dogs were burned, but now only one is sacrificed. When the full ceremony is carried out the tenth day is given up to dancing by the children, who with adopted persons are named ; the eleventh is for the dance for the Four Persons, Ki-yae-ne-ung-qua-ta-ka; on the twelfth are held dances for the Holder of the Heavens, and on the thirteenth occurs the dance for the Thunders. The next morning the men and women take opposite sides in gambling, and if the men win it will be a good season. Between seven and ten days later the False Faces search houses, receive gifts, and dance at the council house. This feast was formerly attended with ceremonies of the most inde cent character, but within recent years it has been shorn of its exces sively objectionable features and materially shortened in the period of its observance. Even many of the rites previously mentioned have been dropped. Since the celebration of 1872 but few burnings of the white dog have occurred at the Reservation. The last one, and the only one of the kind in several years, took place on January 18, 1896. New Year's dances, however, are still continued annually. The Planting dance, Ne-ya-yent-wha-hunkt, occurs just before, plant ing time in April, and is thought to invoke the aid of the Great Spirit in conferring a favorable spring. Next comes the Strawberry feast or dance, Hoon-tah-yus (putting in strawberries), which procures more 1064 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. berries. The Green Bean dance, Ta-yun-tah-ta-t'kwe-t'ka-hunkt (breaking the bellies), has as its idea the protruding of beans in the pod. Then comes the dance of the Green Corn, T'unt-kwa-hank cha ne-kah-neh-host-ha, with which many white people are familiar. This takes place in September of each year ; it is attended by the usual fun and dancing, and more than any other Indian feast of to-day is wit nessed by scores of visitors. The last is the dance for the Harvest, T'unt-kwa-hank cha ne-unt-hent-tees-ah-hunk (all is finished), which is celebrated after the crops have been harvested. The war dance, death dance, and other kindred ceremonies have largely or wholly disappeared, except as they are incorporated with or form a part of the feasts and observances previously mentioned. Witches, too, are no longer known, although as late as 1803 four women were accused of witchcraft: one confessed and repented, and burned her "implements" of incantation; the other three were toma hawked on a hill east of the Castle and buried among the rocks. Brief mention may be made at this point of the distinguished Onon daga chiefs. Dekanissora, prince of Indian orators and diplomatists, flourished from about 1680 to 1730. He is supposed to have followed Garungula, the Nestor of the Five Nations. One of their contempor aries was Kanahjeagah (Black Kettle). Canassetago figures promi nently in the transactions of the League from 1734 to 1783. Oundiaga was the first war chief of the Onondagas during the Revolution, car ried mail between Onondaga and Oswego about 1807, and died near Oneida in 1839, aged ninety-one. Kawhicdota was his contemporary, and the father of Ohhenu (Captain Honnos). Contatauyou (Hand some Lake) has been noticed, as has also Ossahinta (Captain Frost), whose portrait appears on page 182. Among the latter's associates were Ohkaayungk (Onondaga Peter), Kahayent (Captain Joseph), Og- hatakak (Captain Joseph, 2d), Dehatkatons (Abram La Forte), and Uthawah (Captain Cold), the latter for many years keeper of the coun cil fire of the Six Nations, at Tonawanda, where he died in the autumn of 1847, when this sacred symbol was restored to its ancient hearth at Onondaga, to the keeping of Dehatkatons. Ossahinta belonged to the Turtle tribe, and at the time of his death, which occurred at Onondaga Castle on January 24, 1846, at the age or eighty-six, was supposed to be the only person among the Iroquois who perfectly understood their policy of government, the forms of or ganizing their councils, and the usages of their Pagan rites. The nation Photo, by Ryder in 1865. 134 Captain George. Plate Loaned by the H. J. Ormsbee Engraving Company. 1066 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. conferred upon him the honorary title of war captain. He wielded a powerful influence, was strictly temperate, and enjoyed universal re spect and confidence. He was buried in the Indian cemetery at the Castle. The Onondagas have from time immemorial furnished the "king" (Tahtootahoo) of the Confederacy, who has usually resided on their Reservation. Ossahinta (Captain Frost) held this distinguished office for many years, and was succeeded by Abram La Forte, who was fol lowed by Captain George, who married the latter's widow. Captain Samuel George was the last of an illustrious line of chiefs, and held tenaciously to the faith of his fathers, which was Paganism. He served with the Americans in the war of 1812, and on one occasion, without rest or sleep, ran 150 miles to bring an important message to the American army. He was emphatically the leader of his race, enjoying not only their confidence, but also the respect and esteem of the whites. His word was law ; his utterances were unquestioned. He was leading war chief (Zi-wynk-to-ko-noe) of the Onondagas from the death of Captain Cold in 1847 until his death; and for more than twenty years he served also as head chief (Ha-no- we-ye-ach-te) of the Six Nations. Under him the tribe made good progress toward civilization. He died at his home about a quarter of a mile from the council house on the evening of September 24, 1873, aged seventy-eight, and was buried with Christian ceremonies on the 26th. After a brief service at the house, conducted by Rev. James M. Clarke, rector of St. James's church, Syracuse, the coffin was borne to the Church of the Good Shepherd, where it was received by Bishop Hunt ington and placed upon a bier in the open air. The Bishop, standing on the steps of the little edifice, delivered a most beautiful and appro priate address, Daniel La Forte acting as interpreter. The remains were then uncovered that the assembled people, both Indians and whites, might look for the last time upon the departed chieftain, who was clothed in full warrior costume : across his breast was his wampum belt, and upon his head were his cap and feathers. Thence the body was borne by four young braves to a spot near the council house, where it was lowered to its last resting place. The present head chief or "king " of the Six Nations is Frank Logan, of the Wolf' clan, who was born in 1857. The Onondaga nation is governed by twenty-seven chiefs, all but two of whom belong to the Pagan party. The ruling or principal chiefs, fifteen in number, are chosen by the females of the families represented. THE ONONDAGA INDIANS. 1067 The present chiefs of the Onondagas are Frank Logan, Thomas Webster, John Green, Asa Wheelbarrow, Charles Green, William Hill, John Hill, Peter George, John R. Farmer, James Thomas, George Venevera, William Lyon, Billings Webster, Daniel La Forte, George Crow, Baptist Thomas, Charles Lyon, Andrew Gibson, Wilson Reuben, Jacob Scanandoah, George Lyon, Levi Webster, Hewlett Jacobs, Jacob Bigbear, John Thomas, Enoch Scanandoah, and Abbott Jones. The last two are not Pagans. Dinah John, f amiliarly and widely known as "Aunt Dinah," was long one of the most picturesque figures among the Onondagas. She was eccentric, kind»hearted, simple, and frank, and after the age of ninety frequently walked from the Castle to Syracuse and back. When asked as to her church relations she placed her hand upon her head, saying, "I'm 'Piscopal here;" then placing her hand upon her heart, she added, "I'm Methodist here." She was born on the Reservation, where she lived all her life, and died there May 26, 1883. Her remains were buried with Christian ceremonies in the little cemetery at the Castle, where her grave is marked by a tombstone, five feet high, upon which is this inscription : "Aunt Dinah John, died May 26, 1883, aged 109 -years. " This monument was erected by a number of Syracusans and was unveiled July 7 of that year. Many authorities have given her age as 107, and one antiquarian places her birth "early in 1774." The photograph from which the accompanying plate is made was taken by Philip S. Ryder, of Syracuse, when she was 100 years old. Hannah, an Indian squaw, who died on the Reservation in 1861 at the age of 120 years, was probably the oldest person whose death occurred in Onondaga county. She was born, it is believed, in 1741, or earlier, and was honored with a notice in Harper's Weekly for March 23, 1861. For several years a number of the progressive Indians on the Reser vation 'have strongly favored the idea of citizenship, and themselves have taken the initiative. On May 3, 1882, a constitution was reported, providing for a president or chairman, clerk, treasures, marshal, three peacemakers or judges, a school trustee, one pathmaster, and two poor- masters. A provision respecting the disposition of lands in severalty was declared to be dependent upon a three-fourths vote of the males and a three-fourths vote of the mothers of the nation. This constitu tion was adopted at a meeting held May 6, when officers were elected as follows: Daniel La Forte, chairman; Jaris Pierce, clerk; Orris 1068 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Farmer, treasurer; Cornelius Johnson, marshal; Jimerson L. Johnson, Wilson Johnson, and John White, peacemakers; Simon Scanandoah, pathmaster; Joseph Isaacs, school trustee; Baptist Thomas and Wilson Reuben, poormasters. Various other resolutions were adopted at sub sequent meetings, such as "putting a stop to Sabbath breaking," etc. Photo, by Ryder. Aunt Dinah. Plate Loaned by the H. J. Ormsbee Engraving Company. The chiefs apparently did not favor civil government, and from August 3, 1883, to April 26, 1887, no meetings of this description occurred. On the latter date the old rules were substantially revived, but pro- THE ONONDAGA INDIANS. 1069 vided for a governing body of twelve councilors. The Christian ele ment controlled this and other gatherings of that year. October 15, 1889, the struggle was renewed, the constitution of 1882 being re- adopted. On the 21st a new constitution was reported and adopted, but this and subsequent acts looking to the enfranchisement of the On ondagas, " The People of the Hills," promulgated by themselves after the manner of English governments, have fallen to pieces because of their inherent belief in Paganism and ancient tribal relations. Here amid the beautiful hills and valleys of their fathers we leave this small remnant of a once proud and powerful nation. Here around the council fire of the Confederacy, where their historic career is slowly but surely drawing to an inglorious end, this little band is being borne one by one to the Happy Hunting Grounds of the Great Spirit, where immortalized souls of distinguished ancestors await their coming. No more striking example of supremacy and decline can be found in the annals of the world. Hundreds of years ago, when days were suns* and months were moons, the Onondagas, the illustrious People of the Mountain, roamed at will over their vast domain, and numbered their warriors by the thousands. The forests and the beasts thereof, the streams, fish, and game, both great and small, were theirs by right of original occupation. The white man came with his dazzling arts and promises, encroached upon their hospitality, and reduced their lands and privileges piecemeal to insignificant proportions. Wars, famine and other causes wrought devastation, discouragement, and slow but steady decline, while the onward march of civilization gradually tore down their barriers of superstition and tribal practice until to-day ancient usages and customs exist more in tradition than in fact. Though still the distinguished center of what remains of the Iroquois League the Onondagas retain only a shadow of their former greatness and magnificence. Christianity is overpowering Paganism, and civil izing influences are wiping out those romantic but uncouth attributes which formed the foundation of true Indian life. 1070 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. CHAPTER XLIX. The Conclusion— General Historical Review— The Transformations of a Century —The Old and the New— Centennial Celebration— Looking Forward— Was it a Benediction? In looking backward a hundred years, to the time when on March 5, 1794, the county of Onondaga was erected, our thoughts and imagina tion are prone to dwell upon that period, forgetful of the fact that the Republic itself had but just been born ; that a little less than seven years previous the Constitution under which we still live, with some amend ments added, had been adopted; that only five years previous George Washington had been inaugurated president on the balcony of what is now the sub-treasury building in Wall street, New York ; that the great struggle begun in 1689 between the French and the English to deter mine which people should be masters of North America came to an end at that time, April 30, 1789. The Early Period of American history ends with the beginning of that contest; "the Middle Period, of one hundred years' duration, began then. Incidents of both periods in their relation to this locality have been very fully treated, many of them for the first time brought out in connected form, in these volumes. The history of the country from 1789 to 1815 has been called the "Period of Weak ness," for there was much turmoil, and the war of 1812 added greatly to the troubles and apprehensions of the people. For fifty years or more, beginning with the Revolution, there were wars and rumors of wars — rumors of war even in the near present — all disturbing elements in the nation's history, the more important of which may here be re corded : Wars, From To Soldiers. The Revolution April 19, 1775 April 11, 1783 309,781 Northwestern Indian. Sept. 19, 1790 Aug. 3, 1795 8,983 Warwith France July 9, 1798 Sept. 30, 1800 4,593 War with Tripoli June 10, 1801 June 4, 1805 3, 330 Creek Indian War _ July 27, 1813 Aug. 9, 1814 13,781 War of 1812 June 18, 1812 Feb. 27, 1815 576,622 Seminole Indian War Nov. 20, 1817 Oct. 21, 1818 7,911 Black Hawk Indian War April 20, 1831 Sept. 30, 1832 6,465 GENERAL SUMMARY. 1071 Wars. Prom To Soldiers. Florida Indian War Dec. 23, 1835 Aug. 14, 1843 41, 122 Cherokee disturbance _ 1836 1837 9,494 Creek Indian War May 5, 1836 Sept. 30, 1837 13,418 Aroostook disturbance 1836 1839 1,500 War with Mexico April 24, 1846 July 4, 1848 112,230 Apache War 1849 1855 2,561 Seminole Indian War 1856 1858 3,687 Civil War April, 1861 Aug. 1865 '2,772,408 When chaos was in a goodly degree finally superseded by a form and condition of government which seemed to promise stability with Wash ington to administer it, the nation was feeble, only a third rate power. The total population of the Thirteen States numbered scarcely 4,000,- 000 and was thinly scattered. The population of Philadelphia was only about 42,000; that of New York, 33,000; Boston, 18,000; Baltimore, 13,000. Here and there about the sparsely settled country was an old manor, possessed of many comforts, not to say luxuries ; while the or dinary farmer was often .glad to be possessed of an unpretentious-home having a single floor and garret. In the center rose a great brick chimney with an oven attached for baking bread, or pies, or beans. If the home happened to be more than ordinarily spacious, then besides bed rooms there would be a "best room," but seldom known as parlor, opened only for weddings, funerals, Thanksgiving day and on other very rare occasions. There were the polished candlesticks and tallow candles ; there the family portraits if any were possessed ; there the few cherished books. But the pleasantest part of the house was the kitchen, where the great fireplace and swinging crane were most con spicuous; bunches of herbs and strings of vegetables in their season hung about the ceilings to dry; in the corner the spinning wheel. This was the family room where salted meats, potatoes and brown bread with the best of vegetables were served in common with the general comforts of rare home life. Does anybody doubt that there was hap piness in those homes and times? It was from such that the first settlers of Onondaga largely came, for there was a goodly degree of thrift in New England if some of the ter ritory at one time had been sadly ravaged. These pioneers sacrificed more than we shall ever know, when they came here to endure the great hardships incident to the settlement of a new country, where no conveniences were at hand, where the first lodging place was neces- ' Total Confederate army about 600,000. 1072 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. sarily a rude, quickly-constructed hut, not even in a clearing, so prec ious was the time in which to provide a temporary home. These sturdy settlers, possessed of indomitable will and persever ance, were also men of keen instincts and saw from a distance the op portunities which the new country offered for development and the material prosperity of those who would remove its dense forests and open its rich lands to the sun and to the energy and skill of the hus bandman. There was a sort of mingling of the lives of white men with the lives and history of the Iroquois, for Indian life was far from being extinct; it was one of the dangers of the time. But the Indians were generally friendly even though they looked upon the encroach ments of the white man with sadness, if not almost with despair; and it must be admitted that they bore great wrongs with much fortitude, as they saw their lands pass from them and they themselves gradually driven to accept the tender mercies of the State in exchange for what Nature had given them. Is it any wonder that their proud sensibili ties have yielded to forces which they could not resist until those that are left are- broken in spirit and ambition? Taking into account the unusual trials and privations which beset the earlier settlers, the early growth and development of the county was astonishing; not least among the characteristics of the people, too, was their regard for church privileges and educational opportunities, though it will not be said that there was a oneness of purpose and desire in this regard, for there was now and then a settler whose only faith was in his strong arms, whose only desire for education was to know how to reap the largest benefits from his vocation. What volumes of history are hidden in the early cemeteries ! Could the wives and mothers resting in them but speak, what stories would they tell ! ' ' But the glories so transcendent That around their memories cluster, And, on all their steps attendant, Make their darkened lives resplendent With such gleams of inward luster!" The population of the county in 1794 will never be definitely known (seepages 191-92). It may have been 1,000 or more; it may have been less. But whatever it was it was made up of both men and women of bravery, determination, and intelligence. But ninety-eight years later, when the last enumeration was made, GENERAL SUMMARY. 1073 there was then at least 150 people as against each individual in 1794, the population of the county being 150,808, thus divided between the city and the towns: City, 92,283; towns, 58,525. But this enumera tion was never accepted as being correct ; it was considered as being much too low, proven in the city by the count of the directory enu merators who found 100,170. This city population has been increased (1895) to about 120,000. The total vote cast for president in 1892 (33,908), also indicates errors in the enumeration. In 1895 the vote was: Republican, 17,368; Democratic. 12,999; Prohibition, 671; So cialistic Labor, 610; Populist, 68. Total, 31,716. It was a State election, calling out a lighter vote than is given for president. Spafford's Gazetteer, published in 1813, gives this distribution of population among the towns in 1810, also the total vote cast for sen ator in that year, together with "Remarks" which follow the state ment and refer to the towns mentioned as being related to them : Towns. Population. Vote. Remarks. Camillus 2,378 194 Gypsumburg, 60 m. W. from Utica; 157 from Albany. Cicero 252 29 Chittenango Landing and Three River Point; 57 from Utica ; 154 from Albany. Fabius 1,865 134 Ancient Works; 50 m. S.W. from Utica; 147 from Albany. Hannibal... 692 27 Oswego Village (Fulton), 30 houses, P. O. ; 180 miles from Albany. Lysander ... 624 86 20 m. N.W. from Onondaga, 17 from Oswego, 165 from Albany. Manlius 3,127 234 Jamesville P.O. 35 houses and school; Manlius Village 85 houses and school ; Eagle Village. Marcellus... 4,725 387 Skaneateles Village, 60 houses, P.O.; 9 Mile Creek or Marcelius Village, 34 houses. Onondaga _. 3,745 291 Onondaga Hollow Village, 65 houses ; West Hill, c. h. and 40 houses ; 149 from Albany ; Onondaga Castle. Otisco 759 92 7 m. S. from Onondaga ;• 50 m. W. from Utica. Pompey 5,669 484 Pompey Hill, 40 houses and academy, 146 m. ; P. E. Hollow, 149 m. from Albany. Salina 1,259 78 Salina Village, 90 houses and 80 saltworks; Liverpool Village, 80 houses, P. O. erected in 1811. SpafEord Tully 1,092 77 Tully Flats, 14 m. S. from Onondaga; 50 m. S. of W. from Utica. Pop., etc., included with Tully; 13 m. S. 25,987 2,113 from Onondaga. This Gazetteer also gives the following statistics of manufactures and industries in 1810: Number of looms, 1,016; number of yards of woolen cloth, average price 87| cents per yard, 107,470; number of yards of linen cloth, average price 37| cents per 135 1074 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. yard, 196,106; nnmber of fulling mills and clothieries, 16; number of yards of cloth fulled and dressed, average price SI. 25 per yard, 69,790; carding machines, 21; number of pounds of wool carded, average price of carding 50 cents per pound, 96,700; number of yards of cotton cloth, average price per yard 32 cents, 3,909; tanneries, 31 ; number of hides tanned of sole, upper leather, and calf skins, aver age prices, §4.25 and $1.75, 8,931; breweries, 2; number of gallons, average price 17 cents per gallon, 7,732; distilleries, 26; number of gallons, average price per gallon 80 cents, 79,632; paper mills, 1 ; number reams of paper, average price $3 per ream, 1,600; hatteries, 10; number of hats, average price §2.50 each, 5,231; oil mills, 1_ number of gallons of oil, average price, $1,25 per gallon, 300; blast and air furnaces, 1; number of tons of iron, average price $100 and §>120 per ton, 138; bloomeries, 1 ; trip hammers, 2. In 1821, there appears to have been in the county: Fifty-nine slaves (23 of them in the town of Onondaga), 6,968 farmers, 1,640 manufac turers ; 120 merchants and dealers, 208 school districts, 12,866 school children between 5 and 15 years of age, 145,747 acres of improved land, 35,359 cattle, 7,614 horses, 861,167 sheep, 333,375 yards cloth manufactured, 59 grist mills, 99 saw. mills, 7 oil mills, 37 fulling mills, 48 carding machines, 4 cotton and woolen factories, 7 iron works, 8 trip hammers, 45 distilleries, 39 asheries, real estate taxed at §2,814,980, personal prop erty at $137,420. "The first settlement attempted within the present territory of Onondaga county," the same publication states, "was in the spring of 1788, when most of the then settled territory that now constitutes.the Western District was comprised within Montgomery county. Onondaga county was then a small part of Whitestown, now redistricted, bythe rapid progress of population, to a small area around Utica. In 1786 the population of Montgomery county was but 15,057, while the whole population of the State amounted to 238,896. Onondaga county has now 48 or 50 school houses, several churches or houses for public worship, an academy, 34 grain mills, 54 saw mills, 2 or 3 breweries, and too many distilleries. Salt is made here annually to the amount of near a half million bushels, from the salt springs of this county, which afford water more strongly impregnated than that of the ocean, more than 200 miles distant.'' The States have grown in number from the "Original Thirteen" to forty-five. The population of the nation has increased from about 4,000,000 to about 70,000,000; the nation has risen to a first-class power and now only needs the best navy and coast defenses in the world to be able to assert its supremacy over any other nation, and perhaps com bination of nations, of the world. There has been a mighty develop ment for a single century; what will the present century effect? Perhaps a few statistics, condensed from statements in foregoing pages, relative to the growth and resources of Syracuse, will best of all indicate the development which the century has wrought locally. Even the site of the city, it will be remembered, was quite unknown to any but Indians, a very few white men, and armies of adventurers GENERAL SUMMARY. 1075 when the county was erected. Rising out of the mire and forest of scarcely a century ago, there is now a city five by four and one-half miles in dimensions, with 250 miles of streets, several hundred in num ber. Many of them follow old Indian trails, but, curiously enough, but very few of them have Indian names. Of churches, of all de nominations there are eighty-four, and twenty-nine missions, having a total seating capacity of about 50,000. The Syracuse University is at the head of educational advantages, with its 104 professors and tutors and registry of students of about 1,000; its library of 60,000 volumes; its observatory ; its valuation of about $2,000,000. Of free schools there are thirty-one including the High School; all the handsome buildings being of brick. There is a total enrollment of about 17,000 children, with an average daily attendance of nearly 13,000. The City library contains almost 30,000 volumes. The assessors' valuation of the city is $61,334,450; the cost of maintenance of the municipal government, $1,000,000. There are nine commercial banks having an aggregate capital of $1,705,000 and surplus of $1,200,000, and two savings banks, with assets of $20,000,000 and surplus of more than $2,000,000; one trust and deposit company with a capital of $100,000 and surplus of about the same amount. Of the 250 incorporated companies, the Solvay Process Company, manufacturers of soda ash, with its 2,500 employees leads them all. Among the manufacturing establishments almost every industry is represented, and their products are sold in almost every civilized country. There are 130 miles of water mains and 1,200 fire hydrants. Thirty-four newspapers (six daily) and periodicals are published. Sixty-seven miles of track are included in the street rail way system, and 150 railroad trains arrive in and depart from the city daily. Constituted a village in 1826, incorporated as a city in 1847, it is now the fifth city in the State. The Onondaga County Orphan Asy lum, St. Vincent de Paul Orphan Asylum,, the House of Providence, House of the Good Shepherd (hospital), St. Joseph's Hospital, St. Ann's Maternity Hospital, Women's and Children's Hospital, Old Ladies' Home, the Employment Society, German Hospital, Needlework Guild, Women's Union, Shelter for Fallen Women, Bureau of Labor and Charity, Women's Aid Society, many circles of King's Daughters, Dea coness' Home, Charity's Daughters, Society for the Prevention of Cru elty to Animals, are principal among the many charities The Govern ment Court House and Post-office, built of Onondaga limestone ; the County Court House, also of limestone; the City Hall, of the same ma- 1076 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. terial ; the county clerk's and surrogate's department ; the First Pres byterian, St. Paul's and St. Mary's churches, the Onondaga County and Syracuse Savings Bank buildings, the Kirk Building, the Granger block, Bastable block, Dey's and McCarthy's buildings and the Wiet- ing block are among the most imposing structures. The College of Liberal Arts (of limestone) and the college of Fine Arts (of brick) stand by themselves on an eminence in the southeastern part. There are also many expensive private residences, not a few of them presenting perfect architectural appearance. But this will suffice to, in a general way, indicate the character and resources of the city, to show what enterprising men have created out of the wilderness. This growth may not be typical of the growth of the county at large, for an increase in the population of many of the towns ceased years ago when the city began to assume importance. Harvey Baldwin, the first mayor of Syracuse, in a speech he made in 1846, forecast the future of the city in such an amazing manner that he was for the time ridiculed ; but there came a change of sentiment, and his prophecy really made him mayor in 1848. He was not wide of the truth when he said: "Were we permitted to indulge in visions of the future, I would present a view of our village or city, as it is to appear hereafter, when all of us who are now on the busy stage of life shall be slumbering with our fathers. It is universally conceded that we are to become the great inland town of the State, and next in size and im portance to New York and Buffalo — that we are to go on by rapid strides, increasing in population, until we shall number from 100,000 to 200,000. All bordering territory will have been brought into a high and perfect state of cultivation, and our beautiful lake, on all its beautiful shores and borders, will present a view of one continuous villa, ornamented with its shady groves and hanging gardens, and connected by a wide and splendid avenue that, shall encircle its entire waters, and furnish a delight ful drive to the gay and prosperous citizens of the town, who will, toward the close of each summer's day, throng it for pleasure, relaxation or the improvement of health." GENERAL SUMMARY. 1077 o Lysander Manlius Marcellus Onondaga Skaneateles Van Buren Syracuse >-30 si 4- li " " to co [—L Co •— ' co co IC co ti 10 ti (i (i. C^^ii; xjr pJ^JK => Xjiui = tiio_p — _-¦ '— ¦V."~-"-''*r'.V"'— "ii «*"":=> cc~= "Ji"" = ti t 2! - i' ~. — c — - — —: — — =¦ — = - ~ — — - — — - Acres of land. ^ t3 Ji >— l — * JO >— ' to iw^-1 CO ^i M J_1^-ii Assessed value of real estate, in cluding village property and real estate of corporations. ?! wu ^ c:"N>"bi~c: nn — ^ — ' — i- -4- (i -! O"! X CO " 4- X ~ c; ^ --> co •£¦¦ *-'-'JC x co^c: u» "^^^"i" j— i°iDJ:'; i -J^ ~ - . ~ , L. ~ X 4-- CO - > X C> -X X '- (O -J3 CO OI ^"' -1 — ' ~ — — Ci' 4- — ' '-Z: Equalized value of real estate, in cluding village property and real estate of corporations. x ~ _ - ct» — ~ — — ' -.r ac: i - :; = — iii'i-^i-'- oii+.wx- > ar. ; s a ai c s jj c 5 y ; y c y y ;¦ ; "-j — _ jII tji -i CTi — ' i- CO -1 =• X O CO X 3". — <0 -1 X CO co o (awcoxjija u = P.P ~' ~ ' r'-,~_>- j- ,-¦ .-' Total assessed value of personal property. Assessed value of personal prop erty subject to local taxation for all purposes. i (i 4- 4- ^ ~i - 1 » ti - cStsxi-aiiS^ A- -^j tz. ¦ Equalized aggregate valuation, real and personal. Amount of Town Taxes. Amount of County Taxes. Amount of State Tax for Schools. o a -i ?> c •- ^ J- i1 r ^ ,-,¦ .-^ ?. -,- T '^ i! V; j •IS'XOO- «¦' -= -1 — 4- -1 ^> -< ~1 (- — 1 K sssssoc CO CI o i-ioui*-: Amount of State Taxes for Canal and General Purposes, also Stenographers and Shore In spectors Tax, if any. Amount of State Tax for State Care of Insane. Aggregate Taxation. * o r. 2 M ° £ 2 « C K > 1078 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Following is a statement of the purposes for which a tax was levied by the Board of Supervisors, December 14, 1895 (also showing the ex isting county offices), together with the resources of that year: State tax as certified by comptroller $247, 687 01 Stenographers, Supreme Court 3,936 08 County bonds due in 1895 30,000 00 Interest and coupons ... 4,975 00 To pay court orders 30,000 00 Estimated general orders 32,255 29 Contingent fund _ 14,000 00 Headstones and burial deceased soldiers... 1,000 00 Printing journal proceedings 650 00 Printing abstracts ». 920 00 Printing county canvass _. 450 00 Fund for sub-committee poor _. 7,000 00 For superintendent of. county poor 6,228 51 Committee on county bulding, $3, 500, less $2, 600 elevator fund 900 00 Heating and lighting State Armory 1,500 00 Syracuse Institution for Feeble Minded Children _ 480 00 House of Providence 684 39 German Evangelical Orphan Asylum 249 22 Shelterfor Unprotected Girls 615 69 St. Joseph's Maternity Hospital 532 50 Onondaga County Orphan Asylum 1,45136 St. Vincent's Orphan Asylum 1,11176 Mattewan State Hospital 1,231 61 Society for Protection of Destitute Catholic Children of Buffalo 2,446 97 Mt. Magdalen School of Industry, Troy 2, 666 86 Northern New York Institute for Deaf Mutes 390 00 New York Institute for Instruction of Deaf Mutes. 60 00 Brunswick Home 892 00 New York Institution for the Blind _ _ 96 06 Western New York Institute for Deaf Mutes 925 23 Central New York Institute for Deaf Mutes, Rome, N. Y 2,099 17 St. Joseph's Hospital and House of Good Shepherd (estimated) 2,500 00 Women's and Children's Hospital 1,200 00 Library appropriation 100 00 Penitentiary loan and interest thereon. 10,086 12 County judge 4,000 00 . Surrogate w 3,500 00 Surrogate's clerk _ 1,200 00 Surrogate clerk's assistant . 450 00 Surrogate clerk's recorder _ . 400 00 District attorney 3,000 00 GENERAL SUMMARY. 1079 District attorney's assistant 1,000 00 District attorney's clerk - 800 00 County treasurer __ _ 1,000 00 County treasurer's clerk 500 00 County superintendent of poor 1,200 00 County superintendent of poor's assistant 750 00 City overseer of poor 300 00 Librarian Court of Appeals 1,200 00 Assistant librarian v_ _ __ 250 00 Coroner 1,500 00 Janitor Court House and Appeals Library 600 00 Janitor -county clerk's building _ 600 00 Janitor State Armory. _ _ 939 00 Armorer State Armory _ 939 00 Chaplains to County House _ _ _ 400 00 Physician to Indians 300 00 School commissioners 600 00 Total 8437,348 83 RESOURCES. Balance in County Treasury, February 1, 1896, less receipts from county clerk's office S 15,000 00 Transportation of paupers 124 57 State appropriation for Onondaga Indians 300 00 District attorney's receipts (estimated) 1,000 00 Due from school commissioners. 600 00 Returned tax due from city and towns __ 951 75 In hands of county treasurer from county clerk 6,830 41 Estimated receipts from county clerk for ensuing year . 8,000 00 §32,806 73 Total disbursements S427.348 83 Less resources 32,806 73 The rise and fall of the salt industry, dwelt upon at length else where, is a subject filled with interest of every kind. The salt springs served an excellent purpose from the time of their first production under State inspection of 25,474 bushels, up to their largest annual yield of 9,053,874, and even further on; but at last the competition became too strong and property once valued at $14,000,d00 dwindled to a value of less than half a million dollars. The total aggregate pro duction of the salt works, from 1797 to 1895 inclusive, was not quite 362,000,000 bushels. Reference is made elsewhere to the fact that in the time of slavery an "underground railroad" passed through the county, the main sta- 1080 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. tion being at Syracuse. This was a veritable center of real Abolition ism, into which fugitive slaves could come and be passed on to the freedom of Canada with the greatest safety. There were a number of men who in a way were banded together to help escaped slaves, and curiously enough the names of many of them and their plans of opera tions were known among many slaves in the Southern States. The line of escape from the South to Canada was so well established and yet so secretly guarded, that it took the name above given to it. Con spicuous among the men acquainted with its operations were the Rev. Samuel J. May, Gerrit Smith, Wendel Phillips, Beriah Green, Bishop Loguen (colored), and many men of less prominence. The attempt which was made to return the slave " Jerry " to captivity illustrated the strength of the anti- Slavery sentiment which prevailed, for as if out of utter darkness and in a moment came an army of rescuers when the slave was seized by a United States marshal. The government never dared to try a number of men engaged in the rescue and whom it had caused to be indicted, because it feared defeat through the prej udices of any jury which it might be possible to impanel. Many hundred slaves escaped through this county and city and found homes in Canada beyond the reach of the infamous " Fugitive Slave law, "under which it was legal to seize and return to bondage an escaped slave wherever in the United States he might be found. There were slaves in Onondaga county during the first quarter-century, but none of the evils and cruelties of barbarous slavery were practiced, such as are well described in that always interesting book, " Uncle Tom's Cabin," which set the South agog when it appeared, and which deserves to be read by each succeeding generation that the causes which led up to the Civil war may be well understood. A Cemetery Association has recently been formed-, whose object is to gather data and make a record of the many cemeteries and burial places in the county, of which there are a large number. An effort was made to collect the facts relating to them for these volumes, but it was impossible to complete the work in the time allowed. There are several, to which allusion is made in the Town Histories, which are more than one hundred years old ; their records, to be gleaned only by patient and persistent work here and there, would be very interesting. There are comparatively but few tomb stones to tell even their short stories, for in the early times such marks of respect to the memories of deceased friends were not to be had, and many of those set in later GENERAL SUMMARY. 1081 years have crumbled and disappeared. The association can perform an act which the dead of all times deserve, by making as complete a record of the inhabitants of these silent cities as it may be possible to compile. It is noted in the history of the town of Camillus that a meeting was held there in 1852 which became heralded as the first Republican meet ing preceding the organization of the Second Republican party in 1854. The character of the call for the meeting was spread broadcast, and as information of it traveled, its importance was magnified, and in after years it was referred to as being the real origin of the new party, which was led to defeat by John C. Fremont, "the Pathfinder," in 1856. However this may all be, it is certain that that call for and declarations of that meeting were in singular accord with the platform of principles of the new Republican party. The local events of the Civil war were so fully dwelt upon in "The Memorial History of the City of Syracuse" that it was not deemed impor tant to repeat them in these volumes, though ample mention is made in their proper place of the more important incidents and occurrences. It would be impossible under any circumstances to make pen-pictures which would properly represent the stirring scenes of those times, to adequately portray them even to the recollection of those who wit nessed them, and those who did would almost wish to shun the best sketches which could be made, so horrible are the dreams and remem brances of those awful years — years which spilled the blood and took the lives of hundreds of Onondaga's noble men! The county's record is surpassed by none ; to but few others returned the remnants of a regiment bearing the proud honor of being classed among the "Fight ing Three Hundred" regiments of all the great army, the very cream of the army, as were Napoleon's favorites. The 149th bore this envi able distinction — a credit to itself, a credit to the county. Its total losses were 602. Maj. George K. Collins published a very complete history of the regiment. Maj. -Gen. Edwin V. Sumner, nearly all his life a regular army officer, an able soldier and cultured gentleman of the old school; Maj. -Gen. Henry W. Slocum, of well-earned fame; Maj. Gen. John J. Peck, whose previous distinguished services on the fields of Mexico made his return to duty desirable; Maj. -Gen. Henry A. Barnum, of varied attainments, together with that superior soldier and excellent citizen, Brig. -Gen. Gustavus Sniper, made up the local roll of generals. After them came a long list of field and line officers 136 1082 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. each with his honors well and fully earned. But no more loyal were they, if in rank more exalted, than the men they led to battle. Almost from the beginning of the war Syracuse was an important recruiting station under the command of a provost marshal, who had military power over the district and to muster volunteers and assign them to camps for organization, the camp most in favor being at El- mira. There was a camp for the temporary care of recruits at the corner of Cortland avenue and South Onondaga street in Syracuse, before their departure for Elmira, where sometimes men enough to constitute a regiment were gathered. There was a multitude of "recruiting agents" appointed by the Bounty Committee and who received commissions on enlistments, and many who acted independently, dealing so far as they might do safely with "bounty jumpers," that is, men who would enlist and desert and enlist again under another name as often as circum stances might permit them to do so. Every effort was made to detect and punish such men, but not a fe'w succeeded in thus defrauding the government and enriching themselves, some of them to the extent of comfortable fortunes. Capt. Alonzo Wood, of Elbridge, was the first provost marshal, but he was removed, and Capt. Anson Evans, of On ondaga, was appointed to the position. Another vacancy was created by his death, and on the 1st of August, 1864, Col. Webster R. Chamberlin, then of Geddes, was appointed in command of the Twenty-third Congressional district and remained in office until March 1, 1865, when he resigned, after a term of very faithful, efficient, and popular service. Colonel Chamberlin went to the front as captain of Co. B, 122d regiment, in 1862, but was stricken with typhoid fever and was in a hospital for several months; he was discharged from the ser vice in February, 1863, for disability. While he was provost marshal and during the fall of 1864 the 185th was recruited, and by him mus tered into service. Capt. A. A.Yates, of Schenectady, was detailed by Major Haddock, of Elmira, as acting provost marshal to succeed Col onel Chamberlin, and while he was in command the safe was robbed. After his recall Capt. Park Wheeler succeeded him, but only for a short time, for the war was over. The rank of a provost marshal was that of a captain of cavalry. Colonel Chamberlin attained his higher rank through service in the National Guar.d after the war. From pages 249 to 254, both inclusive, some of the incidents or con sequences of the war having special relation to this county are related ; but mention of the committees who had the disbursement of the large GENERAL SUMMARY. 1083 sums of bounty money in charge were inadvertently omitted. The first " Bounty Committee," as it was called, was appointed under a resolution of the Board of Supervisors adopted December 12, 1863, and consisted of Supervisors John Munro of Elbridge, Hamilton Burdick of the Seventh ward, Jacobus Bruyn of the Third ward, Daniel Becker of Cicero, and Luke Wells of Otisco. It was organized by the appoint ment of Mr. Munro, chairman, and Milton H. Northrup, clerk of the board, secretary. This committee organized the work entrusted to it, not altogether satisfactorily, and was continued only until March 29th fol lowing, the political complexion of the board having meantime changed from Democratic to Republican. At a special meeting of the board the committee was discharged' and another and smaller one appointed, consisting of Supervisors John Munro of Elbridge, Norman Hine of the Sixth ward, and Jared C. Williams of Tully. Mr. Hine was ap pointed chairman, and with no secretary to aid him took upon himself quite all the work, both general and detail. At the conclusion of the work of the committee he submitted a very voluminous report in much detail, and was not only complimented by the board but also by County Treasurer Dudley P. Phelps. The detail which attended the administration of the affairs of these committees cannot at this time be measured or appreciated. Their duties were of the most important character, necessitating much planning and travel to procure recruits in near and distant places, for the bounties did not stimulate volunteering to the extent of easily filling the several quotas levied from time to time. At the time when $1,000 in bounty was being paid, about one- sixth of the total population of the loyal States had already been en listed, so that while there was no abatement of patriotism there was really getting to be a scarcity of available population to draw from. Then, too, it was a very dark period of the war; there were many who feared that the Union cause was almost hopeless. The government was beset with parasites more desirous of acquiring fortunes than saving the Union, so that fraud and corruption prevailed to an alarming ex tent, and the resources of the government were severely taxed to meet its expenses of about $3,000,000 a day. Defeats and disasters in the field had done much toward discouraging the people, and it seemed to be quite impossible that order could ever be brought out of the almost appalling situation. But it was only the night before the day, for a little later Grant began to win victories everywhere-, and with his tri umphs, hope and confidence were restored and maintained until the 1084 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. end, which at last came somewhat suddenly and while the second draft had been executed in some places and was pending in others. Nearly all of the men who were drafted under the first order paid the commu tation fee of $300 or procured substitutes ; very few drafted men went to the front, and those who did go were made very unhappy by the contempt in which they were held. Those who were chosen by the second draft were never called upon for service, for the war closed shortly after it was made. It was amazing to witness the transforma tion wrought by the news of the surrender of Lee ; the clouds of war had passed, the sun of peace shone once more ; all that belonged to war was put away. The night following the receipt of the news of the sur render will never be forgotten by the citizens of Syracuse, for there was scarcely one who was not celebrating the event. Soon after the close of the Revolutionary war a number of organiza tions came into existence to perpetuate the comradeship of the battle field and to preserve the memories of those who participated in the great conflict. Among such were the Society of the Cincinnati, Sons of the Revolution, Sons of the American Revolution, and much later the Daughters of the Revolution. After the Civil war, and for purposes similar to those for which their predecessors were formed, there came the Loyal Legion, the Comrades of the Battlefield, Union Veteran Legion, Grand Army of the Republic, the Woman's Relief Corps, Sons of Veterans, etc. The Grand Army and the Relief Corps organizations, however, reached the highest degree of prominence, the former hav ing a total membership in 1895 of 357,639, and the latter of 140,305. There are in the county (1896) eighteen posts of the Grand Army, named for some soldier, with numbers, locations, and commanders, as follows: Allen, No. 54, at Fabius, commander, O. H. Sisson; Ben H. Porter, 164, Skane ateles, Edson H. Gilbert ; R. S. Parks, 172, Cardiff, H. Case ; Moses Summers, 278, Baldwinsville, Sanford F. Weeks ; E. A. Knapp, 340, South Onondaga, Oliver Nich ols ; Joseph Jones, 358, Marcellus Falls, C. L. Rich ; M. Seager, 405, Jordan, William M. Spinning ; Saunders, 457, Cicero, John H. Eggleston ; Goodelle, 593, Tully, W. L. Earle; William Pullen, 595, Brewerton, Frederick Platto, sr. ; George H. Balster, 608, Manlius, G. W. Armstrong ; Anthony Stacey, 647, Elbridge, George Stacey ; Colonel Randall, 648, Liverpool, John R. Young ; R. D. Pettit, 663, Lysander, R. Terpening ; R. B. Hayes, 667, Fayetteville, A. Goodfellow-; Benjamin L. Higgins, 670, East Syracuse, David Stryker; Lilly, 66, Syracuse, Adam Smith; Root, 151, Syracuse, John G. Butler. The Woman's Relief Corps, and the Thomas Merriam and Gustavus GENERAL SUMMARY. 1085 Sniper Camps of Sons of Veterans are associated organizations in this city. It is not possible to ascertain the number of enlistments made in Syracuse; neither can the number of citizens of the county at large who joined home and other regiments be obtained; it is a matter of still deeper regret that it is impossible to ascertain the number of On ondaga's sons who loyally laid down their lives that the Union of States might live ! A most influential ally to the Union army during most of the Civil war was the Union League of America. It existed throughout the loyal States, and its membership was numbered by hundreds of thou sands. Its object, as stated in its ritual, was "to preserve liberty; to perpetuate the union of the United States of America; to maintain the supremacy of the laws and the Constitution thereof against all enemies, foreign and domestic; to secure the ascendancy of American institu tions on this continent; to protect, defend, and strengthen all loyal men and members of the Union League of America in all their rights of person and property; to demand the elevation, and aid in the educa tion, of the labor and laboring men of the whole country; to make our councils [lodges] schools for the prompt and proper instruction of all men in the duties of American citizenship; and for the inculcation of sentiments of true charity and brotherly affection among the members of our order." It was a secret, oath-bound order, ad mission to the councils being had by signs and pass-words. It was of a semi-military character, and there were many councils which had regular military organizations, fitting them for service to quell riots or political disturbances. There were councils in every town in the county; there was one. in the city, with headquarters in Myers Hall, which had a membership of more than 3,000. It had a regimental or ganization, with weekly drills, and at the court house several hundred rifles were stored for its use when necessary, warnings for a speedy as sembling to be given by a certain number of strokes on the city hall bell. There were at one time more than 6,000 members in the county. The usefulness of the League was ended with the war. It was one of the very strong forces which supported the army in the field, by the moral influences it exerted everywhere, and saved the State to Lincoln at the time of his second election. The Union League Club of New York was organized from members of the order and has flourished from that time until the present. 1086 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. There have been recruiting stations for the regular army in Syracuse at various times, when peace prevailed; but it is related that at the time of the Mexican war unusual effort was made to procure recruits here; that the station was in West Water street, in what was later the Smith "dye house," and that Capt. John C. Robinson, of the 8th In fantry, afterwards brigadier-general, and later lieutenant-governor, was in command. It is also related that Gen. Christopher C. Auger, Gen eral Russell, Colonel Kirby Smith, while of subordinate rank were also recruiting officers at the same place. n In early times post offices, like grist mills, were few and much scat tered, while the means for transportation of mails were meager and uncertain. But people in those days were not given to much corre spondence, and then, too, the postal rates were high and money was scarce. Up to 1816, from the time when Benjamin Franklin organized the post-office department, these were the rates: For a single sheet of paper (foolscap, in those days), under 40 miles, 8 cents; under 90, 10 cents; under 150, 12J4 cents; under 300, 17 cents; under 500, 20 cents; over 500, 25 cents. In 1816 these rates were somewhat modified: For 30 miles, Q% cents; under 80, 10 cents; under 150, 12^ cents; under 400, 18^ cents; over 400, 25 cents, and additional rates for every additional piece of paper, and if weighing more than one ounce, four times these rates. In 1845 and 1849 further slight reductions were made, also in 1851 and 1855, and again in 1863 and 1868, and in 1872-75 the present rates were established. Prepayment of ,postage was not required under the earlier laws, but it was subsequently. Stamps were introduced in 1847, the example having been set by Eng land in 1840. In 1789 there were 75 post-offices in the United States, seven being in New York State, at Albany, Claverack, Fishkill, Kinder- hook, New York, Poughkeepsie, and Rhinebeck. In 1793 there were 209 in the United States and 20 in this State. An effort was made to obtain some information in relation to the post-offices of the county in the early period of the post-office department, to which request this unique answer was made, which deserves a place in history, for in 1794 there was but one office, if there was any : Sir: — In reply to your communication of the 23d instant, requesting to be in formed as to the names of postmasters in Onondaga county, N. Y. , in 1794, and names of offices at said date, you are informed that, in consequence of the insuffi- 1 S. Guerney Strong's "Early Landmarks of Syracuse." GENERAL SUMMARY. 1087 ciency of the present clerical force in this office, it will be impossible to comply with your request. Very respectfully, R. A. Maxwell, Fourth Assistant Postmaster General. Post-offices were established as rapidly as the public needs demanded them, so that in 1824, when the progress of the county was continued under the better organized form of government established about that time, there were post-offices at these places: Amber, Baldwinsville, Borodino, Camillus, Cicero, Clintonville, Delphi, Eagle Village, Elbridge, Fabius, Fayetteville, Geddes, Ionia, Jamesville, Liverpool, Ly sander, Manlius, Marcellus, Onondaga (Hill), Onondaga Hollow, Oran, Orville, Otisco, Pompey, Pompey West Hill, Salina, Skaneateles, Spafford, Syracuse, Tully. The list of post-offices and names of postmasters in 1835, sixty years ago, is as follows : Amber, Albert Niles; Apulia, F. J. Higbee; Baldwinsville, Otis Bigelow; Belle Isle, George Kimberly; Borodino, John Baxter; Brewerton, William Bailey, Camil lus, Grove Lawrence; Canal (in Van Buren, later discontinued), Job Nichols; Car diff, John Spencer; Cicero, Hezekiah Joslyn, jr.; Clay, Nathaniel Teall; Delphi, Elisha Litchfield; De Witt, George S. Lewis; Elbridge, Elijah Kendrick; Euclid, Nathan Soule; Fabius, George Pettit; Fayetteville, Henry Edwards ; Geddes, Elijah W. Curtis; Hartsville (discontinued), Elisha Raymond ; Howlett Hill, B. H. Case; Jack's Reef, Zera Shepard; Jamesville, Isaac W. Brewster; Jordan, Frederick Ben son; Kirkville, Clark Hebbard; La Fayette, Johnson Hall; Liverpool, Joseph Ja queth; Lysander, C. C. Hubbard; Mandana, Tunis Van Houghton; Manlius, D. D. Beckford; Manlius Center, John Mabie; Marcellus, Sanford C. Parker; Marietta, Thaddeus Thompson ; Mottville, Leonard Mason ; Navarino, Oren Hall ; Onondaga, Hezekiah Strong ; Onondaga Hollow, Robert Hamilton ; Oran, Daniel Denison ; Otisco, Henry K. Graves; Plainville, John Buck; Pompey, Victory Birdseye ; Pom pey Center, James Dunning ; Rhodes (in Skaneateles, discontinued), John Adams ; Salina, Erasmus Stone; Skaneateles, Charles J. Burnett; South Marcellus, Caleb N. Potter ; South Onondaga, Samuel Kingsley ; Spafford, Zerah Berry ; Syracuse, John Wilkinson; Tully, Henry F. King; Tully Valley (established 1836), John Henderson; Van Buren, Adonijah White; Vesper, Samuel Ashley; Watervale, Ira Curtiss; Wellington (in Camillus, discontinued), William M. Canfield. The list for 1850, eleven years before the beginning of the Civil war, is as follows: Amber, Alanson Adams; Apulia, Edwin Miles; Brewerton, Asa U. Emmons; Baldwinsville, Lucius B. Hale; Belle Isle, E. Shead ; Borodino, Eleazer Fulton; Camillus, G. N. Sherwood; Canal, Abel H. Toll; Cardiff, Isaac Garfield; Cicero, Judson Gage; Clay, Philander Childs; Delphi, W. A. Bates; Dewitt, Henry C. Goodell; Elbridge. John D. Rhoades; Elliston, F. B. North; Euclid, William Coon; Fabius, William P. Jones ; Fairmount, Wheeler Truesdell ; Fayetteville, James Mead ; Geddes, Simeon Spalding ; Hartsville, P. Thompson ; Howlett Hill, Leonard Carter ; Jack's Reef, Harvey Hall; Jamesville, Samuel Hill; Jordan, Justus Hough; Kirk- 1088 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. ville, Obadiah Hubbs; La Fayette, Chester Baker; Lamsons, John H. Lamson; Little Utica, Loran Dunham ; Liverpool, John S. Forger ; Lysander, Chauncey Betts ; Mandana, John S. Fowler ; Manlius, Horace Nims : Manlius Center, John Mabee ; Mar cellus, Elijah Rowley ; Marcellus Falls, George P. Herring ; Marietta, Alanson Hicks ; Mottville, Ezekiel B. Hoyt ; Navarino, John T. Gillett ; Onondaga, Charles D. Easton ; Onondaga Center, Albion Jackson ; Onondaga Valley, A. Pattison; Pompey, C. S. Ball; Pompey Center, Judson Candee; Plainville, B. B. Schenck; Plank Road, Joseph Palmer; Salina, William B. Whitmore; South Marcellus, Caleb N. Potter; South Onondaga, C. Amidon ; Spafford, William W. Legg ; Spafford Hollow, Kelly Case; Skaneateles, John Snook, jr. ; Syracuse, William Jackson; Tully, George B. Hall; Tully Valley, William Salisbury ; Van Buren, Lyman Peck; Van Buren Center, G. W. Marvin; Vesper, Chester M. Clark; Watervale, William Ely; Wellington, L. Tyler; Windfall, David Preston. The Western Union Telegraph Company, whose wires now thread the country to carry the element which Benjamin Franklin experi mented with, with his kite and key, not long before the county was established, had its origin in companies formed as early as 1844, when the first telegraph line was put in operation between Baltimore and Washington. The first line through Central New York was built in 1846, the first office in Syracuse being opened on May 1st of that year. Various other lines have from time to time been constructed by other companies, but the Western Union is now in general control of the telegraph business of the entire United States and Territories, and ex tends into other countries. Its capital is $100,000,000; its revenues about $24,000,000 annually. The old and numerous stage lines now constitute only an incident of the early history, yet they once possessed important interest, for pre vious to the building of the Erie Canal and the Syracuse and Utica Railroad they were the only means of public conveyance. They lined the several turnpikes, particularly the Seneca and Genesee, and crossed the southern as well as the middle part of the county. The coaches were constructed with something of elegance as well as much strength, and were uniformly drawn by four horses, and sometimes, when the roads were heavy, by six. Their model was employed in the con struction of the first railroad coaches. At convenient points there were relays of horses, and changes were made quickly, the driver not leaving his seat by reason of any connection with the change. The mails were for many years carried by these lines of coaches between Albany and Buffalo, and next to the pride of the captains of the ocean steamers of to day was that of the captains of the canal packet boats of yore and of these stage drivers, and they were in fact men of conse- GENERAL SUMMARY. 1089 quence. In the years immediately before the beginning of travel by railroad it was not unusual that thirty or forty, and sometimes more, stages passed along the Seneca turnpike in twenty-four hours. In those times, too, United States troops were moved on foot between their stations, and not infrequently was a company or regiment seen plodding along the pike. These stage lines met with much competi tion from the canal packets, but those which traversed the Seneca and Genesee turnpikes, lying parallel with the railroad, were maintained until after the railroad was opened to travel and then they soon disap peared forever. They were supported on the Cherry Valley and other southern roads until a little later period when they were also discon tinued. New York was reached in those days by stage, to Albany, thence by steamboat; the trip from Syracuse either way would some times require five or six days, when the roads were bad and the stages frequently stalled. It was at best a hardship to endure the best com forts which these stage lines provided. They were, however, of the greatest importance to the early settlers everywhere. A large number of asheries once existed in various parts of the county in which potash was the product. It was generally merchants who entered into the manufacture of it or supplied the wood ashes from which the ash was made. They sent wagons having large boxes about the country to collect ashes, giving in exchange for them prac tical household articles and calicoes which the drivers carried in boxes under their somewhat exalted seats. The ashes were placed in "leeches," large tubs made expressly for the purpose, with a drain at the bottom, and water being turned upon the ashes at the top the product at the bottom was lye, which being boiled for a sufficient length of time was resolved into potash. This was exchanged every spring and fall in New York for goods. Every family had a leech of its own for making soft soap, by adding the lye to old scraps of fat which had been saved for the purpose. The total product of ashes was of course large, for everybody burned wood and plenty of it. The merchants of those times also bought pork, hams, lard, butter, cheese, flax, etc., exchang ing these products for goods, paying for them by "barter," for there was but very little money current in those days, and the little " store bills" were almost invariably paid with products of some kind. New England rum was a staple commodity in the early stores and taverns and its use was very generally indulged in under various physiological theories, not so much for sociability as in later times 137 1090 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. yet almost always offered to* a social caller. It was one of the chief causes of occasional disturbances among the Indians, yet even this un tutored people had sense enough to know the extremes of rioting to which it might take them; and so when a party became possessed of a jug of "firewater" it was their custom to cast lots and thus choose one of their number who should not participate in the carousal to follow, but should be the custodian of all weapons and the "peace captain " of the occasion, to prevent harm to the Indians or to others. Other spirituous beverages came in at a later day, when whisky and tansy were regarded as a universal specific for malarial afflictions, the malady seeming to increase, however, it has been said, after the advent of the remedy. The use of these beverages was not discouraged, neither were they often used to excess, and clergy and laymen gave them like recognition. But the "spirits" of those days were pure. It was not until "high wines " were made nearer by, and spirituous beverages were adulterated, that a specially harmful use was made of them. The "cold season '' has been alluded to in the foregoing pages, the summer of 1816. It was really a disastrous season to agricultural in terests, for crops were almost wholly destroyed, causing much priva tion and not a little real suffering. There was a heavy fall of snow in June, sufficient for tefnporary sleighing, and on the 4th of July ice was formed of considerable thickness. There was at least one frost in every month. The cold in July was so severe that many song birds were frozen to death, the ground in some places under evergreen trees being literally covered with them. Young domestic animals also suf fered severely, many dying. The phenomenal climatic conditions also affected the health of the people, causing much illness. The inhab itants did not recover from the disaster for some time. Seeds of all kinds were very scarce, for crops, and also fruit, had been almost en tirely cut off and seed supplies were mainly obtained at a considerable distance away, where the cold was not so great, and at such cost as was a very serious matter. The litigation in early years over land titles gave profitable employ ment to numerous lawyers, not a few of whom accumulated fortunes from their practice. It was the work of many years in many instances to establish titles, especially in cases where the same land had been deeded by the owner to several different purchasers. There are many people yet living who well remember the canvas- covered, rounded-topped wagons which were so freely used fifty years GENERAL SUMMARY. 1091 ago by "western emigrants." They were looked upon as a venture some class of people who braved serious dangers and great privations that they might acquire western homes. They were pioneers, to be sure, but they pursued easy and comfortable paths when compared with those which the pioneers of Onondaga county trod! The place of women in the history of Onondaga county is every where conspicuous, and especiall}- and commendably so in literature. Some have won world-wide distinction in this sphere, while others are widely known for their achievements in both prose and poetry. In re sponse to the call of Mrs. Florence C. Ives, chief of the Xew York State Board of Woman Managers, at the Columbian Exposition at Chi cago in 1893, Mrs. Frances W. Marlette, of Syracuse, prepared a list of the names of such Onondaga women who with the pen had won more or less fame, for filing in the Woman's Columbian Library. Some of these names were accompanied by an enumeration of works and short biographical sketches. This record, with some additions made by the editor of these volumes, is an honor to the county and to the State. "Grace Greenwood," Mrs. Sarah Clark Lippincott, born in Pompey in 1823, is naturally first mentioned, with a list of her many works. Mrs. Matilda Joslyn Gage has probably delivered more ad dresses on the subject of "Woman's Rights," besides doing a vast amount of writing on this and other subjects, than any other living woman. President Cleveland's sister, Rose Elizabeth, has earned some attention. Others are: Mrs. S. M. Henry-Davis, "The Life and Times of Sir Philip Sidney" (1859), "Norway Nights and Russian Days" (1887); Mrs. Anna Marie Treadwell-Redfield, "Zoological Science, or Nature in Living Forms" (1858); Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Wieting, "Prominent Incidents in the Life of Dr. John M. Wieting, Including His Travels Around the World" (1889); Miss Arria S. Huntington, "Under a Colonial Roof Tree" (1892), "Mazzini and His Message" (quite recently published) ; Mrs. Catherine Reynolds Pickard, "Peter Still," "The Kidnapped and the Redeemed" (1856); Mrs. Ellen M. Mitchell, "A Study of Greek Philosophy'' (1891); Mrs. Josephine Kingsley Brown, "Outlines of Geography," "Keble Tablet"; Mrs. Amelia Royce Bradley, teacher at Manlius in 1831, missionary to Siam, prepared a dictionary of the Siamese language, a volume of hymns, a geography, grammar, and arithmetic and religious tracts in the Siam ese language; Mrs. Izora C. S. Chandler, "Methodist. Episcopalianism" (1889), "Anthe" (1886); Miss Jessie Hurd (aged ten years), "Hoi. 1092 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Horton's Good Fortunes" (1886); Mrs. Anna C. Maltbie, "Gathered Records" (1874), "A Rescript of Treadwell and Piatt Genealogy" ; Miss Caroline M. Congdon, "The Guardian Angel and other Poems" (1856); Miss Mary Elizabeth Beauchamp, "The Emigrant's Quest" (1867), "Handbook of Wells Cathedral" (1856); Mrs. Anna Manning Comfort, M. D., "Woman's Education and Woman's Health," chiefly in reply to "Sex in Education" (1874); Mrs.. Ellen M. Lockwood, "Family Prayers" (1890); Mrs. Celeste Bostwick Fuller, "The Child of the Cov enant, " a memorial sketch of Caroline Mary Fuller (1880), "The Li brarian," compiled by Celeste Parmalee Bostwick (1858); Mrs. Marcelia Ward Hall, "Orthoepy Made Easy "(1888); Miss Alice Edwards Durs- ton, under the nom de plume "Dame Durdin," "Mabel Howard"; Miss Clara French, "The Dramatic Action and Motive of King John," with- a memorial sketch of the writer (1892); Mrs. Ellen E. Dickinson, "New Light on Mormonism," with an introduction by Thurlow Weed (1885), "King's Daughters"; Mrs. Helen Hiscock Backus with Miss Helen Dawes Brown, "Great English Writers" ; Miss Emily Chubbuck Jud- son ("Fanny Forrester"), twelve miscellaneous works; Miss Rosemary Baum, a play entitled "That Box of Cigarettes," and other plays, some in the hands of publishers; Miss Margaret Hicks Volkmann, "Text Book to the Illustrations of the History of Art," a translation from the German; Mrs. Elizabeth Carter McCarthy, "Translation of the Spirit of Education," by M. C. Abbe, Amable Beesau (1881); Miss Emma C. Welch, "Intermediate Problems in Arithmetic"; Miss Mary A. A. Dawson, "Puzzles and Oddities"; Mary E. Duncan (Mrs. J. C. Whit- ford), "The Chautauqua Booklet Calendar"; Mrs. John Lawrence, a dramatization of "The Scarlet Letter"; Mrs. Francesca Cleveland Fuller, "Major Hall's Wife"; Mrs. James M. Belden (Jennie Van Zile Belden), "Fate at the Door"; Caroline M. Congdon, who died in Otisco, aged eighteen, various writings of merit, particularly "Guard ian Angels" ; Mrs. Anna Bagg Halliday, many beautiful poems ; Mrs. Irene Baumgras Hale, newspaper articles on standard subjects; Miss Martha C. Gifford, historical romances, and articles of fact for maga zines; Mrs. Bessie J. Sherlock, who, under a nom de plume, wrote many stories; Mrs. Eureka Lawrence Hood, "Life at the Snowball House,"' and stories in standard publications ; Mrs. Elizabeth Thompson, a highly cultured newspaper correspondent, known in Syracuse as "Chinqui- pin" ; Mrs. L. C. Chandler, also a gifted correspondent to religious and secular newspapers ; Mrs. Fannie Freeman, a popular contributor to cur- GENERAL SUMMARY. 1093 rent literature; Mrs. Mary R. Bagg, one of the most vigorous and original writers; Mrs. Phila Case Thomas, "Nobody's Child," of which more than a million copies have been sold, and many sketches and poems in magazines; Miss Jennie Chapin, historical, poetical, and journalistic; Miss Harriet May Mills, letters, history, and art, and gifted in oratory; others are Miss Jessie Mann, Miss Sarah Otis, Mrs. P. H. Agan, Mrs." Le Roy Vernon, Mrs. Ethel Curtis, Mrs. Eliza Law rence Jones, Miss Frances Dillaye, Mrs. Phoebe Teall Gardner, Mrs. Ruth Huntington Sessions, Mrs. Harriet Jones, Mrs. Amelia F. Barney, Mrs. Mary C. Collin, Mrs. Elizabeth E. Gillette, Mrs. Adelia H. W. Slingerland, Mrs. Harriet D. Wilkin, Mrs. Martha Bridgeman Wright, Mrs. Emma R. Merriam, Miss Sarah Wilkinson, Mrs. Charlotte Birds- eye Miller, Mrs. Isabella Carter Rhoades, A.M., Mrs. Grace Lanckton, Mrs. Henry Daboll, Mrs. Laura Carpenter, Mrs. William S. Andrews, Miss Mary L. Spalding, Mrs. Joseph Seymour, Mrs. Helen M. Curtis, Miss Sarah J. Underwood, Mrs._ Eliza Ostrander Jewell, Mrs. Louise Benson, Mrs. Sarah Sumner Teall, Mrs. Helen Leslie Gage, Mrs. Erminie Smith, Mrs. Amelia Chapman George, Miss Hattie Buell, Miss Noble, Miss Susan D. Nearing. Mrs. Elizabeth T. Porter-Beach, of Skaneateles, wrote an epic, which brought to her honors from the queen of Spain. At the Pompey reunion in 1871, Flora, aged thirteen, daughter of Mrs. C. C. Butterfield, a cousin of Grace Greenwood, read a short and meritorious poem "To the Guests from Abroad." Mrs. Emily Judd-Law gained considerable- prominence at one time by her contributions in prose and poetry to leading magazines. Almira Campbell who died in Pompey in 1823, aged twenty-two, wrote a number of very bright poems. Mrs. Esther Parsons, who came from Massachusetts into Pompey not later than 1802, left a number of poems in manuscript, which were published in a Boston news paper. Mrs. Charlotte Aberdien, who settled in Marcellus or Skan eateles,. was a contributor to the Knickerbocker Magazine. There were writers of some renown connected with the Onondaga Academy in its earlier days, but their names and proof of their work are not now at hand. Not so many men as women have attained prominence in the field of literature, even if the professions are all very largely represented. From this list the clergy, as a class, are excluded, and also lawyers, and the educators, though all have more or less to do with literature. Only those who have published books or standard writings have a place here, and the names of all those cannot be recalled. The Right Rev- 1094 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. erend Frederic D. Huntington, Bishop of the Diocese of Central New York, is doubtless the most prolific author; his books and writings are counted by scores. Of those of earlier times, Wyllys Gaylord, then of Otisco, perhaps leads all the rest. He was an invalid most of his life, and occupied much of his time in the writing of articles on medical and scientific subjects for the magazines and other publications which attracted very wide attention. He also wrote a history of the war of 1812, but it was never published and is still in the possession of some of his descendants. Wyllys and Lewis Gaylord Clark, twins, and cousins of Mr. Gaylord, became conspicuous for their positions and productions. It was while Wyllys was editor of the Philadelphia Ga zette that he wrote the "Ollapodiana Papers" and published them in the Knickerbocker Magazine of which his brother was editor. Both ' were also noted for their very remarkable .memories, either of whom could reproduce a sermon or speech from memory with surprising ac curacy. William Ray, for a time an editor at Onondaga Hill, was a poet of some renown, and William H. Catliff, of Elbridge, published a small volume of poetical descriptions of "Life in a New Settlement." Thurlow Weed added some literary work to his usual routine of labor, and J. V. H. Clark made for himself a lasting reputation by his " On ondaga; or Reminiscences of Earlier and Later Times," in two vol umes (1849). Mr. Clark was a devoted historian and not only a cor respondent of the New York Historical Society but of several others. He was exceedingly painstaking in his work. The Rev. Anson G. Ches ter, though not born in the county, was for some years a resident, published much prose and poetry in magazines and newspapers, and John F. Seymour, born in Pompey, but who spent his life in Utica, was the author of considerable choice and popular literature.. Homer D. L. Sweet published a book of his own poetical writings, which is mentioned as a fact rather than for its finish. A Judd Northrup has written two popular books, "Camps and Tramps in the Adirondacks" and '"Sconset Cottage Life: a Summer on Nantucket Island." He has also done much literary work, besides completing the genealogy of his family, embracing seven or eight thousand names. Vivus W. Smith, and his son, Carroll E., have both shown fine literary cul ture in many happy ways. The Rev. Samuel J. May was one of the foremost writers as well as speakers on the subject of the abolishment of slavery, and his successor in the pulpit, the Rev. Samuel R. Calthrop, has contributed a vast amount of matter to literary journals. Professor GENERAL SUMMARY. 1095 George F. Comfort, late Dean of the College of Fine Arts of Syracuse, is an Onondagan by adoption; he has written numerous text books and educational publications of standard importance, besides being a free contributor to magazines and representative newspapers. Andrew D. White has written a small library, and almost constantly has new books in press. His historical work is standard throughout the world. He stands pre eminent as a litterateur. The Rev. Dr. W. M. Beauchamp of Baldwinsville is an authority on local Indian history and the author of much historical knowledge on this and kindred subjects to which, aside from the pastoral work he has performed, he has devoted much of his life. James Manning Bronson, a leading editorial writer of The Syracuse Herald since November, 1892, inherits and has acquired the best of literary talent ; he comes from a New England family which for a century has been prominent in letters, theology, law and states manship. His mother, daughter of the Rev. Dr. Jeremiah Chaplin, the founder and first president of Colby University, was the author of the well-known "Rainy Day " stories for children. Mr. Bronson springs from the Bronsons and Jeremiah O'Brien of Revolutionary times. His ambition was to become proficient in law, but after brief practice he disliked and abandoned it for journalism in which he has been arid still is successful. He was connected as an editorial writer with the New York press before he came to Syracuse. He had won for himself the very strong commendation of cultured people in the East by his poet ical writings before he came to Syracuse to establish his home perma nently, and since he became connected with the Herald he has occa sionally delighted its intelligent readers with brilliant flashes of his poetic genius, and from time to time contributed valuable special ar ticles on special subjects over the initials "J. M. B." He is shortly to publish a book of his poems. He is not yet forty years old ; his future is indeed full of rare promise. John Albro was peculiarly gifted in versatile versification, being a free contributor to the newspapers. In his later years he published a volume of serious poems, which met with much favor. He was also a successful writer of humorous prose. No man in the county, and but few any where, has had as much experience in historical writing as H. Perry Smith, who has come to be an authority in several counties. He has in this way employed his time for many years, always faithfully and earnestly. Before this he wrote the " Babes in the Woods " (illustrated), an interesting story of the Adirondacks; "Syracuse and its Surroundings" (illustrated), and 1096 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. an illustrated sketch of the founding and first decade of Oakwood Cemetery. He has done much biographical work, and is a well-trained journalist of early experiences. He has also been a popular writer of poetry, and in 1879 a volume of his best productions was published under the. title "A Summer Picture." A limited edition was issued for private circulation only. Edwin R. Wallace has the distinction of not only having made the first " Guide to the Adirondacks," but also the best one, for the public has long esteemed it as being a standard guide, com pelling it to pass through many and frequent editions until it has become as attractive in its illustrations as it is reliable in its text. Mr. Wallace has been a dealer in books and a book-worm all his life. C. W. Bardeen, publisher of the School Bulletin, is a widely-known author, his books and writings being on educational affairs. The Rev. Mr. Cusick, an On ondaga Indian, is the author and publisher of an interesting volume devoted to the Indians, containing much matter which is entirely original. S. Gurney Strong, city editor of the Syracuse Sunday Times, is the author of " Early Landmarks of Syracuse," in which much his toric matter of value is preserved in good form. George Barrow, of Skaneateles, was once an excellent contributor of fiction and facts to standard magazines, particularly the Atlantic, and would have made for himself an enviable reputation if he had pursued a literary life. M. F. Hand left "From a Wilderness to a City," a valuable contribu tion to the preserved history of the city. Professor Willard Fiske, next to Bishop Huntington and Andrew D. White, has had the most brilliant literary career of any Onondagan, and in some respects he is at least the peer of either, particularly in his acquirement of Scan dinavian languages, in which he is an acknowledged and oft-quoted authority. Forbes Heermans is the author of several popular books and numerous successful plays. He devotes all his time- to literary work and enjoys a wide acquaintance among litterateurs. R. R. Ray mond was also well known in literature. Another of the foremost poets and highly-cultured litterateurs not only of this county but the whole country, is Richard Edwin Day, who was born April 27, 1852, at West Granby, Oswego county, N. Y. He spent the years until his majority on his father's farm, and taught district schools for several terms. Preparing for college at Falley Seminary, Fulton, he entered Syracuse University in 1873, and graduated in 1877, taking the degree of A. B. After graduation he engaged for a time in post-graduate work, mostly in metaphysics, and for a year or two he was principal of GENERAL SUMMARY. 1097 Martin Institute, at Martinsburg, N. Y. In 1879 Mr. Day became assistant editor of the Northern Christian Advocate, a position which he held nearly a year and a half; and in November, 1880, he became associate editor and literary editor of the Syracuse Standard. Literary work has occupied most of his leisure moments for many years; and he has published four books of verse: "Lines in the Sand" (1878), "Thor; A Lyrical Drama" (1880), "Lyrics and Satires" (1883), and "Poems" (1888). These works have all received very strong com mendation from the best independent critics in magazines and else where. He has twice been the convention poet of his college fraternity. Mr. Day was married April 22, 1880, to Frances E. Northrop, of Mar tinsburg, N. Y. Prof. Frank Smalley, an ornament to Syracuse Uni versity, is a devoted student of literature, his most conspicuous evi dences of which are several scholarly editions of Roman authors. Alfred Wilkinson is the author of numerous articles on legal and scientific subjects, and the able editor of forty volumes of Reports of Decisions of the Court of Appeals, works necessary in every law library. William Cowie, though never having published a book of his poetical writings, has a sufficient number of them to make a choice volume, many of them being of rare Scottish construction. Charles De B. Mills has contributed a large quantity of very scholarly writings on various subjects, chief among which, perhaps, are his books on Mythology and Oriental religions. May the name of the Editor of the "Memorial History of Syracuse," and of these volumes, be mod estly added to the list? If any omission in the foregoing shall be dis covered, let the explanation be found in faulty recollection, or want of information, for every effort has been made, without much data to refer to — the publication being quite original — to make the list com plete. The Grand Centennial Celebration which occurred in Syracuse dur ing the week beginning June 6, 1894, is mentioned on page 260 and thereafter, but more extended notice of it was reserved for this chapter. Though the date for the event had been named some time previously, the first action taken by the Historical Society looking to an organiza tion was on May 16, when two committees, charged with the duty of making arrangements, were appointed as follows : Centennial Committee — William Kirkpatrick, chairman ; Samuel T. Betts, secre tary; Theodore L. Poole, Carroll E. Smith, Edwin A. Powell, L. D. Sisco. Citizens' Committee— Riley V. Miller, chairman; Charles W. Snow, Austin C. 138 1098 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Chase, J W. Yale, Donald Dey, Salem Hyde, Daniel Rosenbloom, Louis Will, W. H. Warner, Edward Joy, David K. McCarthy, P. R. Quinlan, J. W. Smith, De Forest Settle, Benjamin Stevenson. Sub-committees were appointed, nine in number, and assigned to special duties. It was decided that the celebration should occur on the 6, 7, 8, and 9 days of June, that on the first day, in the forenoon, there should be a grand street parade, of a historic, industrial, and commemorative character. In the afternoon, a grand mass meeting at the armory, to be presided over by the president of the society, William Kirkpatrick. In the evening, an Old Settlers' camp-fire at the Armory, with short addresses. A Loan Exhibition to be opened in two connected stores of the Wieting block in the evening. June 6, 9 — Scenic representations of the more striking historical events, in a series of views and tableaux, at Wieting Opera House, three evenings and two afternoons, under the auspices of the ladies of the Historical Society. These were the general features of the celebra tion, the detail of which was elaborate, satisfying, and appropriate. The time intervening between the appointment of the managing committees and the celebration was busily occupied by a large number of people, under designated leaders, in completing arrangements, in volving an amount of labor sufficient to appall a less enthusiastic and determined army of women and men. Meantime subscription books were generously filled to meet the expenses of the event, and through out the city, and in the towns as well, the deepest interest was every where exhibited. A vast amount of work devolved upon the commit tees, and particularly upon Secretary Betts, who displayed his excellent executive abilities with the best results. Daily announcements appeared in the newspapers of the progress which was being made and from far and near came responses to the committee from invitations desiring the presence of all sons and daugh ters of Onondaga county. On May 29, the marshal and his staff to conduct the grand parade were announced as follows : ¦Marshal-in-chief, Colonel Henry N. Burhans; assistant adjutant-general, Colonel John G. Butler; chief aide, J. Emmet Wells; marshals, Colonel M. B. Birdseye, chief of cavalry division ; Major Thomas Merriam, chief of veterans; Colonel A. C. Chase, chief of industrials; E. W. Haven, chief of uniformed knights; Lt. Col. M. B. Fairchild, chief of Odd Fellows; Philip E. Gooley, H. E. Maslin, W. L. Smith, D. B. Cooper, John L. Kenyon, W. H. Warner, W. J. Gillette, Richard Dunn, D. W. Peck GENERAL SUMMARY. 1099 M. J. McCarthy. Aides, George L. White, Dr. A. S. Edwards, T. T. Clough, James M. Colwell, Louis Mason, Burt Smith, Frank P. Denison, Major Louis F. Powell, Thomas Saile, W. Tabor, J W. Black, Henry Duguid, O. D. Burhans, Andrew S. White, Allan Fobes, Sedgwick Tracy, Charles Umbrecht, Anthony Baumer, Hugh T. Morgan, Miles O'Sullivan, Thomas R. Jordan, William Nye, Harvey D. Burrill, Guerney S. Strong, C. Fred Ackerman, B. W. Moyer, E. J. Eddy, B. Revoir, J. H. McDowell, Daniel O'Brien, John P. Schlosser, Jacob Schilly, Charles Schoeneck, Nicholas Pollman, Julius Gilcher, Edward A. Hunt, B. F. Bauder, Dr. J. F. Kauf man, Colonel W. R. Chamberlin, Charles R. Hubbell, William L. Barnum, J. Frank Durston, Gustavus Van Schaick. The parade, as already stated elsewhere, was the largest and most interesting of any ever seen in the city. The day was opened by' the firing of one hundred guns, and at sunset a Federal salute was fired. Never was a city more profusely or gaily decorated, and never was there a more general suspension of business and participation in a great event. There was bunting everywhere, and many brass bands and fifes and drums conspired with the general success of the day to carry the enthusiasm of the people to a high pitch. It was estimated that there were more than 50,000 people in the streets. An epitome of the scenes and events of the opening day was given editorially by the Jour nal of the following day: Onondaga's centennial was inaugurated yesterday with an enthusiasm even be yond the anticipations of the enthusiastic projectors of the event. Even the skies were propitious, and the cool weather was conducive to the success of the parade. The sun, which for twenty-four days had disdained to shine, brightened the occa sion with its effulgent rays. The day was in every respect all that could have been asked for. The parade which inaugurated the festival of the week, was altogether the most imposing and interesting ever seen in our streets, and it earned the approval and admiration of one and all. The city poured its people out to see it, and all classes united in making a holiday of perhaps the most interesting occasion in our city's history. The character of the monster procession was symbolical of the growth and prog ress of the city and county for an hundred years. Many events typified were his torical. They were therefore in the highest degree valuable as an education to the youth of the day. For comparison was made in the passing show of the methods and customs of the farmer and the artisan of ye olden times with the skillful achieve ments of modern science and invention, which combined to make the laborious ac complishments of our forefathers a wonder almost passing belief. Indeed, the ob ject-lessons presented in the parade yesterday were in the highest degree instructive as well as interesting. The literary exercises in the Armory in the afternoon and the camp-fire in the even ing closed a day big with events in the history of , Syracuse and Onondaga county. They were appropriate supplements to the outward demonstrations of the day: The speakers recounted eloquently in prose and poetry the notable events in our county's 1100 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. history, and graphically portrayed the heroic and self-sacrificing deeds of our sturdy ancestors. The celebration was a glorious success in every particular, and it will still further enhance the fame of Syracuse, the city, and Onondaga, the county. The Historical Tableaux, exhibited at the Weiting Opera House, created the greatest enthusiasm and were seen each time by an audi ence equal to the capacity of the auditorium. They were prepared under the general direction of Mrs. Charles E. Fitch, who was assisted by Henry J. Ormsbee as stage manager. But a large number of women entered into the active work of preparation. The tableaux were ar ranged with exceeding nicety and precision, with conscientious endeavor to make them complete and perfect ; indeed, so well were the arrange ments made that the exhibition almost assumed a professional standard. A local writer aptly described the impressions which it made upon those in the audience : There is something higher and beyond mere stage effect in this entertainment. While we mark the excellent rendition of the lines and the perfect posing in the tab leaux, while we observe the studied effect of the calcium light and admire the scen ery painted specially for this occasion, there are other considerations that engage our thoughts. One does not have to let his imagination play very far to transport himself back to days long gone by, and sitting there in a modern opera house see pass before him living pictures of the past. Oldand young alike are deeply interested. You feel like Rip Van Winkle did when he went back to his old town. You have some familiarity with the scenes and faces about you, yet there is something strangely out of place. You better appreciate Indian nature, you understand the efforts of the Black Robes in teaching the converted Indians, you see a wonderfully realistic party in 1820, you become an abolitionist on the spot, you work at the handles of the old hand fire engine, you laugh at the old school, you cry when the soldiers leave for the front and you cheer when Johnny comes marching home again. Above all it should be remembered that the characters are delineated as far as possi ble, by lineal descendants of those represented. This fact alone lends a wonderful interest to the performance. The first tableau represented the legend of Hiawatha. Part I showed Onondaga Lake near Green Point at the time of the formation of the Iroquois league. The chiefs and sachems were assmbled around the council fire, when Hiawatha arrived in his white canoe. He was greeted by the chief of the Onondagas. Part II depicted Hiawatha's farewell to the assembled chiefs. He entered the canoe amid the lam entations of the warriors, and was translated to the skies, ascending in his white canoe before the eyes of the audience. Realizing it was his final departure he gave the death cry. Mrs. A. Judd Northrup and Miss Frances P. Gifford were the directors of this tableau, and the par ticipants were : GENERAL SUMMARY. 1101 Thomas Vickers, Hiawatha ; Daniel La Forte (chief of Six Nations), Chief of the Onondagas; Andrew H. Green, jr. (Ato-ta-rho), Head Sachem of the Onondagas; Harold Westcott, Chief of the Senecas ; B. M. Sperry, Chief of the Cayugas ; Wm. Sumner Teall, Chief of the Mohawks ; Andrew J. Pendergast, Chief of the Oneidas ; F. K. Smith, Fred W. Pierson, Horace Pierson, T. F. Schneider, Harold Stone, Harry Benedict, Herman Bartells, Henry Denison, Will Esterbrook, Sands Kenyon, John Kenyon McDowell, Joseph Hubbard, Howard Clark, Charles Hyde, Robert J. Sloan, jr., Albert P. Fowler, W. G. Booth, Thomas Woods, Walter W. Magee, George H. May, John C. Hunt, Frank Hall, Allan C. Fobes, Thomas Carson, Mrs. Wm. Shankland Andrews, Mrs. George A. Roff, Mrs. A. M. Smart. Mrs. Charles Preston, Miss' Ethel Lockwood, Miss Florence D. Vann, Miss Lucy Truesdell Ballard, Miss Charlotte Stone, Miss Cornelia Comstock Lake, Miss Alice M. Clark, Miss Catherine Moore, Miss Marie R. Saul. Then came the Jesuit mission scene. The date, 1653. The scene represented Father Le Moyne and missionaries teaching the converted Indians. To them he explained the value and usefulness of salt water, and dispelled their belief in the poisoned spring. A feature was the chapel music, and the Ave Maria by Miss Maria S. Barry. Mrs. L. V. L. Lynch was director of this tableau, and the participants were: Father Le Moyne, John G. Lynch; Garacontre, Alexander H. Cowie; Gahatio, Miss Spalding; Maria, the Saint of the Onondagas (with Ave Maria), Mrs. Maria S. Barry; Nokomis, Mrs. Roff; Outawa, Miss Leontine Molyneux; Indian maidens, Miss Comstock, Mrs. Smart, Miss Palmer, Miss Stone, Miss Durston, Miss Lake, Miss Sedgwick, Miss Grant, Miss Babcock, Miss Stone, Miss Vann, Miss McGuffle, Miss Poole ; Jesuits, Richard Calthrop, O. Wells Clary, Walter Wright, George Ticknor, sang the priests' part of the ' ' Dixit Dominus ; " the St. John's cathedral choir sang the response to the " Dixit Dominus" and the 'Angelus" — Miss McQuade, soprano, Mrs. Barry, contralto, Mr. Foley, Mr. Renaud, Mr. Sullivan, tenors; Mr. La Friniere, Mr. Gilroy, bassos; other Jesuits, E. F. McNulty, John H. McCrahon, Sarsfield Slat- tery, Henry McCarthy, John B. Foley, Charles Mullen ; Indians, Frank Hall, Andrew J. Pendergast, W. S. Teall, Andrew Green, Harold Stone, Charles Hyde, Sands S. Kenyon, Kenyon McDowell, George H. Denison, Robert J Sloan, jr., Frederick T. Pierson, jr., Howard H. Pierson, Francis Preston. Next was the " Song to the Brave Old Oak" by the ^Eolian Quar tette, under the direction of Prof. Ernst Held, and consisting of G. Albert Knapp, leader, Fred Wilcox, Franklyn Wallace and Charles E. Bailey. "Salt Boiling in Early Times " was the subject of the second tableau. The time was 1788, and the scene was to illustrate primitive experi ments in the manufacture of salt. Comfort Tyler and Asa Danforth were present with Indian friends, evidently elated over the success of making salt by boiling water in an old-fashioned kettle. The directors of this tableau were : 1102 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Mrs. C. Tyler Longstreet and Miss Virginia L. Jones, and the participants were: Elizur Clark, John Seymour Clark, Miss Ormsbee, Mrs. Celia Tyler Chamberlain, Miss E. Tyler Chamberlain, Miss Charlotte Stone, Charles Longstreet Skinner, Mrs. Sarah Longstreet Tolman, Miss Hattie Poole, William S. Teall, Miss Florence D. Vann, Kenyon McDowell, Stanley G. Smith. In the intermission Mrs. John R. Clancy sang "The Star Spangled Banner" with chorus by Franklyn Wallace, Joseph Bayette, G. Albert Knapp, E. N. Westcott, Clarence Dillenbeck and X. W. Vandevoort. The next scene was a painting to represent Thomas McCarthy's store in 1805, and the new palatial store of D. McCarthy & Co., in contrast. Following this was an old-fashioned singing school conducted by Prof. F. A. Lyman. The costumes were old-fashioned with a collection of giggling and gum-chewing girls and bashful young men. They sang " Polly Put the Kettle On," and took a pinch of snuff during recess. The school was made up of members of the Good Will chorus, as follows : Mrs. A. B. Merrihew Mrs. Fred A. Lyman, Miss Mayme Robbins, Miss Gertrude Herr, Neanda Springstine, Misses Martha E. Wheeler, Maud Gray Bogardus, Grace Grannis, Adella L. Baker, Edna Dodd, Elizabeth A. Gray, Mrs. Kinney, Mrs. Charles G. Hanchett, Misses Elizabeth C. Markell, Nina Burpee, Cora Burpee, Grace Burpee, Alberta E. Perry, Carrie M. Smith, May Chadwick, Jennie Dunham, Mrs. E. H. Tarnow, Jay C. Morrison, Joseph Cook, Frank A. Chadwick, Harry Slocum, A. B. Merrihew, W. Scott Merrihew, Archibald H. Thompson, Nelson J. Kemp, John L. Bauer, John K. Dean. Then came a quilting party. The guests were supposed to be as sembled at the residence of Lewis H. Redfield at Onondaga Hollow in the year 1820. The furniture was in keeping with the date, and so were the costumes. The quilt was to be sold for the benefit of the Presbyterian church. Mrs. J. L. Bagg and Mrs. Delia Colvin Hatch were the principals. Mrs Hatch related in the manner of the time some of the reasons why her numerous brothers and sisters could not be present. Mrs. Bagg as Aunt Treadwell prophesied the future of the city. Others were silent but thoughtful. Hon. William Kirk patrick appeared as Dr. Kirkpatrick. The post rider delivered the Weekly Register, the news of the day was read, and the scene closed with old-fashioned music and dancing. The saddle bags for traveling on horseback, used by the post rider in this scene, were used by Dr. Kirk patrick before the days of stages, when he mounted his horse and rode to Washington to take his seat as a member of congress during the last years of President Jefferson's administration. The directors of this number were Mrs. James L. Bagg and Miss Ina Bagg Merrill. The participants were : GENERAL SUMMARY. 1103 Mrs. James R. Lawrence by Miss Virginia Lawrence Jones, Miss Dorwin by Miss Mary Dorwin, Mrs. Cornelius Tyler Longstreet by Mrs. Sarah Longstreet Tolman, Mrs. Comfort Tyler by Mrs. Celia Tyler Chamberlain, Mrs. Victory Birdseye by Mrs. Ellen Wheaton Morgan, Miss Rachel Combs by Mrs. Carrie Ormsbee Patterson, Mrs. Betsey Raynor by Mrs. Mary V. Raynor Garrett, Mrs. Jonas Earll, jr., by Mrs. Carrie Smith Meeker, Mrs. West by Mrs. John Guy Barker, Mrs. Sylvia Kingsley by Miss Marian Kingsley Brown, Miss Sedgwick by Miss Lizzie Sedgwick, Miss Noxon by Miss Cornelia Comstock Green, Mrs. Redfield by Mrs. Ina Bagg Merrill, " Lavoisy " by Miss Jessie Hood, Mrs. Benjamin Colvin by Mrs. Delia Colvin Hatch, Rev. Caleb Alexander by Morris A. Smart, Dr. Kirkpatrick by William Kirkpatrick, Joshua Forman by Dr. Samuel Boyce Craton, Post Rider by Grove Beebe, Miss Patty Danforth by Miss Cornelia A. Baker, Miss Amanda Phillips by Mrs. Lucia Outwater, Mrs. Isabelle Pickard by Mrs. Caroline Coombs Ormsbee, Mrs. Timothy Jerome by Mrs. Emma Jerome Jackson, Mrs. Anna Maria Midler by Mrs. Melissa Sutherland Denison, Mrs. B. Davis Noxon by Mrs. Anna Eliza Ives, Mrs. James Hutchinson by Miss Harriet S. Leach, Mrs. Joel Dickinson by Miss Rosa Dickinson, Mrs. Jasper Hopper by Mrs. Charlotte Beebe Hahn, Miss Ruthy Morse by Miss Sophia Clark, Mrs. John Ellis by Mrs. Caroline Ellis Hargin, Aunt Treadwell by Mrs. Mary Red- field Bagg, Miss Truesdell by Miss Lucy Ballard, Mrs. Grove L. Lawrence by Miss Elizabeth Le Baron Fitch, Miss Wheaton by Miss Flora Marsh Dawson, Miss Eunice Strong by Miss Kate Pauline Knapp, Mrs. John Pattison by Miss Charlotte Pattison, Lewis H. Redfield by George H. Clark, Isaac Jerome (Pompey) by William G. Lap ham, Mr. Seymour by Andrew H. Green, jr. A quartette consisting of Mrs. J. R. Clancy, Mrs. G. W. Loop, Franklyn Wallace and E. N. Westcott sang " Oft in the Stilly Night." The La Fayette scene followed. In the background was seen the old Mansion House. In front of the hotel were assembled a large number of people in costumes of the time. Soon La Fayette entered on horse back, preceded by school girls dressed in white. He was greeted by Joshua Forman (Dr. S. Boyce Craton), who in a speech of welcome ex pressed the appreciation of the people of Onondaga county for the noble efforts of the marquis in behalf of liberty. Dr. Craton is a grandnephew of Joshua Forman, who was president of the village at the time of La Fayette's visit. La Fayette (O. Ware Clary) responded. Mrs. C. Tyler Longstreet presented 'the great Frenchman with a flower just as she did in reality when a little girl. The directors of the La Fayette tableau were Mrs. George N. Crouse and Mrs. Adele H. Durston, and the participants were: O. Ware Clary (Dr. Lyman Clary), La Fayette ; Miss Annie H. Agan (Stevens), Mrs. Mary G. Babcock (Mrs. A. Kasson), Robert McN. Barker (Barkers), Lucian Barnes (Barnes), Mead Van Z. Belden, (Beldens), James M. Belden (Beldens), Miss Edith Belden (Woolsons), Lawrence Beebe (Jasper Hopper), Miss Beebe (Beebes), Mrs. Louise M. Benson, (Manns and Cookes), Christopher C. Bradley, jr. (Bradleys), Mrs. Adele H. Durston (Howletts), James W. Eager (Eager), William H. 1104 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Eager (Wilson), Miss Earll, Skaneateles (Earll), Lawrence B. Fitch (Grove Law rence), Mrs. Mary R. Garrett (Raynors), Robert Gere (Geres), Miss Frances P. Gifford (Mrs. H. Gifford), Mrs. Sarah Clary Gott (Gott), Mrs. Annan T. Halcomb (Tealls), Mrs. W. T. Hamilton (Lawrence), Dr. Juliet Hanchett (Hanchetts), Miss Grace G. Hawley (Geres), Mrs. Lizzie E. Hawley (Ellis and Peck), Lee C. Hayden (Haydens), Alfred A. Howlett, Alfred Ames Howlett, A. Ames Howlett, (three gen erations of Howletts), Mrs. Anne Cheney Hyde (Cheneys), Austin K Hoyt (Hoyts), Mrs. Fanny Noxon Hudson (Cadwells), Mrs. Emma J. Jackson, Mrs. S. G. Lapham, Mrs. Walter Snowden-Smith, Master Walter Snowden-Smith, jr. (four generations of Jeromes), Miss Virginia L. Jones (McLaren), Mrs. Emily Northrup Bruce (Judds), Mrs. L. D. Burton (Bradleys) Allen Pierce Butler (Butlers), Miss Lucie E. Butler (Marsh), Nehemiah M. Childs (Childs), Mrs. Louise M. Clary (Wells), Miss Alice Sabin Clark (Clark), Miss Mary Colvin (Colvin), Nathan R. Colton (Randall), Miss Elizabeth Comstock (Noxon), Mrs. Florence M. Crouse (Marlette), Mrs. Mary L. L. Crouse (Leach), Mrs. Elizabeth Jones (Bradleys of Camillus), William Kirkpatrick (Dr. Kirkpatrick), Miss Louise Kennedy (Kennedys), Mrs. Kate C. Knickerbocker (Lakin), Miss Florence Keene (Keenes), Mrs. Helen M. Keene (Stantons), Miss Kellogg, Skaneateles (Kelloggs), Samuel B. Larned (Johnsons and Larneds), Levi La throp (Lathrops), Herbert W. Lamb (Spragues), Mrs. C. Tyler Longstreet (Redfields), John G. Lynch (James Lynch), Mrs. Flora Yates Mason (Wheelers), James Manning, (Mannings), Mrs. Frances W. Marlette (Wrights), Miss Helen Meldram (Willards), Myron W. Merriman, jr., (Merrimans), Miss Sallie Van K. Noxon (Van Cleek and Noxon), Miss Ursula F. Northrup (Elliotts), Frank J. Ormsbee (Ormsbees), Mrs. Emma C. Pierce (Marshes), Mrs. Hattie W. Pierce (Woodard and Poole), George N. Crouse, jr., (Dr. Rial Wright), Florence B. Crouse (Quackenbush), Dr. Samuel B. Craton (Judge Forman), Frederick Dice Davis (Davis), Miss Flora Dawson (Wheatons), Franklin P. Denison (Dr. H. D. Denison), Mrs. Melissa Denison (Sutherland), George H. Denison (Hurst), Miss Ella H. Denison (Hursts), Miss Florence S. Denison (Delamater), Mrs. Mary S. Dey (Sweets), Marshall H. Durston (Durstons), Mrs. Cor delia H. Raynor (Hall), Miss May Richmond (Richmond), Schuyler Richmond, (Richmond), Edward I. Rice (Rices and Eatons), Mrs. Fanny James Saul (Mrs. Amos P. Granger), Mrs. M. Olivia M. Sage, of New York city (Slocum), Miss Sarah Root (Roots), Mrs. Anna M. Sherlock (Malcolms), Miss Sarah T. Schwarz (Tefft), Mrs. Charlotte L. B. Scott (Bacons), Charles H. Sedgwick (Sedgwicks), Mrs. E. M. Seymour, Miss Margaret Seymour (ancestors entertained La Fayette), Stanley G. Smith (Smiths), Mrs. Mary B. Smith (Smith and Bigelows), Mrs. William A. Sweet (Sweet), Charles C. Truesdell (Truesdells), Mrs. Lucia Phillips Outwater, Miss Emily J. Out water, Frederick D. White and Andrew Dixon White, 2d, four generations (Dan- forths), Arthur C. Wales (Wales), John Wilkinson (Wilkinson), Miss Jeanette M. Williams (Malcolms), Miss Anna Hudson (Hudson). Following the La Fayette scene Prof. Lyman held a singing school, primary class, in costume. They sang the "A-B-C" song with good effect. Then the curtain went up on the school scene in Fayetteville in the year 1845. The school was in charge of Miss Eliza Cole, the same teacher who was in charge that year, when Grover Cleveland was one of her scholars. The scholars taking part were so far as they GENERAL SUMMARY. 1105 could be found descendants of early settlers of Fayetteville and vicinity. First came roll call and then a class in geography. " Stephen Grover Cleveland, what is the largest island in the Pacific?" asked the teacher. " Hawaii," responded Grover promptly, and then he read the follow ing composition on "Time." " Time is divided into seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years, and centuries. If we expect to become great and good men, and be respected and esteemed by our friends, we must improve our time when we are young. George Wash ington improved his time when he was a boy, and he was not sorry when he was at the head of a large army fighting for his country. A great many of our great men were poor, and had but small means of obtaining an education, but by improving their time when they were young and in school, they obtained their high standing. Jackson was a poor boy, but he was placed in school, and by improving his time, he found himself President of the United States, guiding and directing a powerful nation. If we wish .to become great and useful in the world, we must improve our time in school. " The composition was actually written by Grover Cleveland when a boy. Miss Cole preserved a num ber of the youthful efforts of her scholars and recently found this one among them. Ann Augusta Kent gave a recitation, and school closed with the singing of "Come, Come Away:" This number was under the direction of Mrs. Frances W. Marlette, and the participants were: Miss Eliza Cole, in charge. Scholars — Stephen Grover Cleveland represented by Milton H. Northrup, jr., Sarah Amelia Watson by Flossie Ryan, Cornelia Louise Watson by Cora Williams, Margaret Louise Cleveland by Charlotte Smith, Ann Araminta Bishop by Maria Mulvihill, Rosamond Dudley Farnham by Florence Barnes, Maria Hamlin by Alice Ormsbee, Ann Augusta Kent by Mary Gallup, Sarah Maria Reiley by Grace Jones, Mary Louise Tremaine by Blossom Ormsbee, Jane Pratt by Flossie Coan, Mary Pratt by Florence Whedon, George Washington Loomis by Mortimer Williams Raynor, Thomas Jefferson Bishop by G. Fred Hurd, Addison Cole, jr. , by Frank Ormsbee, Henry H. Kent by David Candee Knickerbocker, Rich ard Cecil Cleveland by Herbert Pierson, Charles H. Reiley by Rodman Smith Reed, George Franklin Tibbets by Harry Burhans. The Jerry Rescue scene came next. Time, 1853. Jerry, a slave from Mississippi, was captured in Syracuse by slave hunters, and brought into court, but was rescued by the underground railroad au thorities. The scene was arranged by Osgood V. Tracy, and the par ticipants were Jerry, Mr. James Gray; United States Commissioner, C. A. Weaver; United States District Attorney, Lawrence T. Jones; attorney for prisoner, C. Sedgwick Tracy ; spectators in court room, 139 1106 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL.. William Kirkpatrick, S. N. Holmes, Charles Merrick — all of whom were present at the rescue ; rescuers and others. Before the Jerry Rescue scene was presented the ^Eolean Quartette sang "Way Down upon the Suwanee River." The original Musical Institute, organized in 1849, was next seen, aided by Mrs. John R. Clancy, Richard Calthrop, and a few other younger voices. The others on the stage were Mrs. Van Cleek, Mrs. O. F. Bartlett, Mrs. A. T. Morgan, Mrs. Allen Butler, Miss Anastasia Robinson, Mrs. Stanley Bagg, Miss Clara Babcock, T. Marshall Fry, M. Waldo Hanchett, Henry Babcock, John Low, Seymour H. Stone, Nelson Gilbert, Professor Held, leader. "The Burning of the Wieting block " was a realistic scene. Hanover Square in the winter of 1856 was presented, showing the old wooden canal bridge, the Syracuse House, and the Water street front of the Wieting Hall, erected in 1850. The firemen, many of whom were at the real fire, rushed on with the old hand engine after a cry of " Fire " and showed primitive methods of fighting fire. The scene was under the direction of Mrs. John M. Wieting and Hamilton S. White, and the participants were: L. W. Marsh, Thomas Bopt, Andrew Richards, Henry Rice, Rhoda Hogan, John T. Lighton, Mahlon Munn, George F. Green, Henry Knobel, George McBride, Frank Nelty, E. A. Hud son, Samuel J. Abbott, Anthony Kendall, Ben Hottinger, R. M. Beecher, Frederick Auer, Charles Colwell, Maxwell Parish, Albert Fisher, John Ryan. The man who discovered the fire was the same who discovered the original fire in 1856, Mahlon Munn. The war scenes came last. Part I showed the departure of the first company of volunteers-, Captain Butler's Zouaves. There were farewell demonstrations by enthusiastic citizens, during which Carroll E. Smith presented the company with a flag in behalf of admiring friends of the soldiers. Captain Butler responded with feeling. The drums beat and the Zouaves and 41st Company marched away. Part II showed camp life at the seat of war. It was night and gathered around a camp fire were a number of 41st Company, National Guard, boys with Harry Schell as sentry. George A. Roff, Clarence Dillenbeck, X. W. Vandervoort, and Joseph Bayette sang "Tenting on the Old Camp Ground." Part III showed the return of the victorious troops and the grand reception of the populace. The Zouaves going out were Capt. John G. Butler, Corporal W. G. Tracy, Sergeant F. W. Weaver, Fourth GENERAL SUMMARY. 1107 Sergeant J. M. Snell, Privates Spaulding, William E. Bower, John T. Williams, J. W. Hobert, Theodore Nye, Thomas Bartlett, C. A. Phillips. On the return Captain Butler is a colonel, W. G. Tracy has risen from corporal to brevet major of Slocum's staff, F. A. Weaver is adjutant general of the brigade, and J. M. Snell is acting orderly ser geant. James C. Spaulding was the first man to enlist in the county. The 41st Company was composed as follows : Lieut. Fred Thurwachter, Sergeants Charles C. Clearwater, Philip Kappesser, Gustave Orth, Edmund Schwarz; Corporals Eugene Kerley, Fred Friend, Louis Hall, John Stobo, John C. Hunt; Privates Babcock, Balch, Bergman, Brown, Ben son, Cannell, A. J. Clark, Church, Diel, George E. Friend, C. H. Fox, Freeman, Garry, Hess, Hamlin, Inkster, Leeret, Mangan, McCrahon, McMorrow, Miller, Morris, Park, Puff, Richardson, Ringrose, Schell, Salter, Spoor, Tallon, Torrey, Vuillemot, Yehle, Yeomans, Auer, Bradley, Buckingham, Babcock, Brayton, Pfeifer, Berry. The old soldiers participating in the return were Major T. L. Poole, commanding; aides, Col. John G. Butler, Col. O. V Tracy, Col. George L. Hoyt, Capt. D. E. Hayden, Surgeon C. E. Hill, Capt. A. S. Sheldon. 12th Regiment, under command of Major Edward Drake; 101st Regi ment, under command of Capt. W. H. Warner; 122d Regiment, under command of Col. Silas Titus; 149th Regiment, under command of Major Jacob Knapp; 185th Regiment, under command of Col. T. M. Barber ; artillery brigade and riaval veterans. The Loan Exhibition was opened in two connecting stores, consti tuting one large one in the Wieting Block, on the morning of June 6. There were about 600 entries at this time ; the number was subsequently increased to 988 and catalogued. Each exhibit had historical interest of some kind, and the place of exhibition in some ways resembled a museum. The Loan Exhibition Committee was composed of J. M. Mertens, chairman Mrs. L. V. L. Lynch, Mrs. H. C. Cowl, Benjamin Stevenson ; secretaries, Rev. Jeremiah Zimmerman, Eugene McClell and; superintendents, Samuel J. Abbott, A. D. Perry; clerk, C. E. Adsit. The exhibition was continued into the following week in response to the popular demand and was in every respect not only a great but also a surprising success, for the display was unexpectedly large and of in estimable value, so that it was under the efficient guard of detectives and watchmen both day and night. Mrs. C. T. Longstreet made the largest exhibit, and at the close contributed ninety treasures to the Historical Society. Others followed her example in smaller ways, and 1108 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. the aggregate of such gifts was large and has given the society a splen did nucleus for collections. The celebration in the town of Onondaga occurred at Onondaga Val ley, May 25. There was a large influx of people from Syracuse and the surrounding country, even if the weather of the day was not all that could have been desired. The Valley was in gala-day attire, however, and the old arsenal on the east side displayed the American and French flags. Quite every house in the place was decorated, and glad welcome was given to the people from abroad by the citizens of the town. There was a fine parade under the direction of B. F. Barker, in the forenoon, and an attractive "museum," in charge of L. C. Dorwin, was open all day. The organization for the exercises was made in the Presbyterian church, where, after calling the assemblage to order R. R. Slocum in troduced John T. Roberts, who gave an address of welcome, after which Hamlet Worker, president of the day, was introduced. George B. Clark then announced the following officers of the day : Onondaga Valley — William A. Wilson, John Conklin, Nathaniel Bostwick, C. C. Marlette, Mrs. Cortlandt Hiscock, Mrs. William Sabin, John Stolp, Perry Morton, William P. Forman, Sidney Wood, Charles Pattison, Albert Fowler, John Wells David Chaffee, Josiah T. Northway, Mrs. M. D. Searle, Mrs. Fanny Strong, Stephen Dady, Mary Dorwin. South Onondaga — D. Leroy King, George C. Nichols, Amasa Chapman, M. T. Fowler, Oliver Nichols, Silas C. Fields, Henry C. Fellows, B. F. Hulbert. Geddes— P. J. Schuyler, Myron C. Darrow. Guy Terry, F. M. Power. Camillus — D. Allen Munro, E. D. Sherwood, Mrs. Anna Blake Amidon, Miss Eliza Gere, George Geddes. Onondaga Hill — Merwin Tripp, Oscar Britton, Nelson Co- ville, Mrs. Tamar Knapp, Gordon Hewitt, Hezekiah Ball, John-Boyle, sr., Peter D. Lawrence, Rudolphus Look, Mrs. O. P. Fay, Major Davis Cossitt, Edward L. Nor ton, Denison Robinson. Marcellus — William R. Cobb, Isaac Bradley, Thomas Rhoades, Amos Clark, T. J. Herring. These names were followed by the nomina tion of the list of secretaries presented by T. W. Meacham : John A. Davis, Silas Wright, James Dunlap, Seth D. Gilbert, E. V. Baker, William H. Bishop, Charles F. Adams, Oscar F. Austin, Emmet Coville, Edwin L. Makyes, Luke Huntington, Henry Conklin, Lyman C. Dorwin, Mrs. Jesse Sabin, E. J. Clark, George H. Slocum, E. M. Chaffee, F. N. Dickinson, Walter W. Norris, Mrs. S. L. Tollman, James Hen derson, Mrs. Hattie Hopper, Mrs. Kate Mickles Markham. Rev. William M. Beauchamp then gave a brief address, discussing the relation of the Indians to the pioneer whites. He was followed by Joel Northrup aged 88 (since deceased), who recounted many incidents of life in Onondaga a half century ago. Dr. Israel Parsons of Marcellus discoursed upon the heroism of the women pioneers and the dangers which beset the early settlers. The Centennial poem, prepared for the GENERAL SUMMARY. 1109 occasion and read by its author, Myles Tyler Frisbie, was the feature of the afternoon. Though rather brief, yet it was full of histcry. John T. Roberts spoke of historic sites; Mrs. Caroline Bridgman Clark of the earliest schools: Col. John M. Strong of military history. Mrs. Fanny A. Parsons spoke particularly of the early history of Camillus, and Cyrus D. Avery's paper was made up of interesting reminiscences. R. R. Slocum, Wilson W Newman and Robert McCarthy made short and interesting addresses and were followed by Mrs. Elizabeth Snyder ¦Roberts with the reading of " The Old Arsenal," an anonymous poem. Several short addresses upon local events and reminiscences were given, which were followed by duets by Bessie Chaffee Bassett and Mrs. Alexander Wilson Brown, accompanied by Mrs. William Redding; an Onondaga Indian quartette, Albert Cusick, Marvin Crouse, John Scanandoah and Phebe Jones gave several selections. At a supplement ary, or overflow meeting Benjamin F. Barker presided. Here several short and pertinent addresses were made, which concluded the pro gramme of exercises. A celebration occurred in Baldwinsville, the towns of Lysander and Van Buren joining, May 30. There was a parade in the forenoon under the command of E. P. Clark, marshal, which was quite imposing in spite of the rain. In the afternoon exercises took place at the opera house, which was crowded. The officers of the day were : Presi dent, Dr. J. V. Kendall; vice-presidents, J. T. Skinner, J. L. Voor- hees, L. W. Connell, F. T. Baldwin, B. B. Odell, J. E. Davis, Nathan Somes, A. D. Waterman, B. D. Sprague, D. M. Warner; secretaries, G. B. Wormouth, A. W. Johnson, George Hawley, Asa Abbott, H. K. Porter, William Culver. The exercises were opened by the singing of "America," by L. W. Connell, F. F. Bentley, L. O. Stearns and J. E. Connell, accompanied by the Onondaga Indian band. Prayer was offered by the Rev. H. P. Klyver, after which the Rev. Dr. W. M. Beauchamp delivered an address on the " Early History of Lysander." R. L. Smith, esq., followed on the "Settlement and Growth of the Early Part of the Town of Lysander." Justus Stephens spoke similarly for Van Buren. Hon. Wallace Tappan presented a paper on the " Early History of Van Buren." A. W. Bingham spoke for the. town of Van Buren. Charles B. Baldwin, editor of the Gazette, read a well- prepared and very appropriate poem. J M. Munn of Plainville dis cussed military history and Maynard Ingoldsby of Warners, Edwin F. 1110 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Nichols, B. Abbott, F. W. Turner, Mrs. S. A. Harrington and D. D. N. Marvin interested the audience with reminiscences and observa tions. The meeting was then brought to a close. Elaborate preparations had been made for a joint celebration of the towns of Dewitt, Manlius and Pompey, at the village of Manlius, May 30, in connection with Decoration Day observances, but the weather was so unpropitious that the programme was not fully carried out. A. Cady Palmer was marshal of the day, and in the forenoon, after a visit had been made to the cemetery by a Grand Army Post, and the ritual read amid the falling rain, an address was delivered in the Presbyterian church by the pastor, the Rev. Matthew Gaffnay. The centennial exercises took place in the Methodist church instead of out of doors in front of the large stand which had been erected. E. A. Scoville was appointed to preside and these vice-presidents were chosen: Manlius, A. Cady Palmer, Alvah Woodworth, Dr. H. Nims, D. Collins, N. R. Chapman, Charles Peck, A. F. Plato, Clark Snook, George Brown; Dewitt, Charles Hiscock, C. C. Bagg, P. P. Midler, Henry Dixon, Samuel Sherwood, Elbridge Kinne; Pompey, M. R. Dyer, Victor Birdseye, C. C. Midler, S. C. Lewis, R. Murray, Homer Billings, Mathias Ackerman, H. C. Beauchamp, F. L. Maine, J. L. Kyne and M. W. Russell were secretaries. Prayer was offered by the Rev. E. M. Barber. "America" was sung, and the Rev. Theodore Babcock then spoke on Manlius history. The Rev. C. P. Osbourn of Fayetteville, spoke on the same subject, after which Hiram K. Ed wards and W. H. Peck spoke for Dewitt, and W. W. Van Brocklin for Pompey. The exercises were then appropriately closed. Too few of the aboriginal names of streams, lakes and places have been preserved; it is impossible now to supply the deficiency. Clark saved some from oblivion and his work is herein perpetuated. Onon daga was written in two styles by the Jesuits — Onante and Onontaque ; by the early English, Onantago, Onondago, Onondawgu, and Onon- dauqua. The Indian interpretation of Onondaga is given as "Under the hill at the foot of the swamp," and the " Swamp at the foot of the mountain"; but the best translation is considered to be " Residence of the People of the Hills. " The ancient fathers styled the Indians, " People of the Hills," the " Iroquois Highlanders," " People of the Mountains," etc. Onondaga Lake received the pretty name " Genentaa" from the Jesuits. The natives originally called it Oh-nen-ta-ha; latterly Kotch- GENERAL SUMMARY. 1111 a-ka-too, a lake surrounded by salt springs. Onondaga Creek was called Kah-yungk-wa-tah-toa. , The outlet of the lake was known as So-hah-bee. Onondaga Hollow, now Valley, Teau-aheughwa. Onon daga Hill, Kah-che qua ne-ung-ta. Otisco Lake, Kaioongk; the outlet, Kia-heun-ta ha. Skaneateles Lake, Skehneahties, meaning very long lake. Oneida Lake, Se ugh-ka, striped with blue and white lines, separating and coming together again, probably named when seen from a distance, perhaps from Pompey, from whence at times the surface presents white and blue lines traceable from head to outlet. Fort Brew erton, Osahaungtah-Seugkah, where the water runs out from Oneida Lake. Oneida River, Sah-eh. Three River Point, Te-u-ung hu-ka, where two rivers meet. Cross Lake, Te-ungt-too. Tully and Fabius, Te-kanea-ta-heung-ne-ugh, very high hills, with small lakes, from which water flows in contrary directions. Pompey and La Fayette, Ote-ge ga-ja-ke, a place of much grass. Another name, Ote-queh-sah- he-eh, the field of blood, a place where many have been slain. It is said that Indians abhor the locality. Limestone Creek, Te-a-une-nogh- he, an angry stream, or mad creek. Butternut Creek, Ka-soongh-ta, literally, bark in the water, or a place where bark is placed after being peeled in the spring, that it may not curl in summer and become use less for building huts or cabins in the fall. Green Lake (Dewitt), Kai- yah-koo, satisfied with tobacco. Deep Springs (Manlius), Te-ungh- sat-a yagh, by the fort at the spring, near which at one time was the most eastern settlement of the Onondagas. There, was always stationed a party of warriors, " to hold the eastern door of the nation." Cicero Swamp, Ka-nugh-wa-ka, where the rabbits run — great swamp, plenty of game. Cazenovia Lake, Ho-wah-ge-neh, the lake where the yellow fish swim — perch and bass. Seneca River, Miohero, river of rushes. The French and English also had their own names for many of these places, but most of the present names are derivatives from the Indian. What will be the record of Onondaga county a hundred years hence? Shall it be even more amazing than that which has already been made and recorded? Science is just beginning to release and develop those heretofore great hidden mysteries and forces which must become a power in the land, not only for the broadening of civilization in every way and carrying it onward and yet higher, but there must be a great transformation of the present machinery of the world, that which 1112 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. propels its mighty chain of business and professional affairs. It must be supplemented by the grand products of new science, new develop ment. The generation third from the present one will look back at us with much of the feeling of admiration mingled with pity, that we feel in reviewing the experiences of the pioneers. The Central City may by that time have acquired the population of the New York of to-day ; none shall now dare to estimate the population of the country then, when every available acre shall have been brought under cultivation, when professional, business, and manufacturing industries shall have correspondingly increased. The agents of motion and power, steam and electricity, will have become almost as cheap as air, which itself may before that time become the principal factor in their stead. Great ships will be made to fly the oceans like swift-winged birds, while on land distance shall almost be obliterated if, indeed, aerial navigation shall not be a strong competitor with the fastest railroad train. Why not the telegraph in every business place and private house, with both long and short distance pneumatic tubes for the quick transmission of postal matter and packages? A new philosophy must enter into agriculture if it shall support the untold millions then dependent upon it; " the earth shall yield fruit for all who may dwell upon it." Will not science then read the heavens as an open book, and hold converse with Mars? What shall be its discoveries in outward fields? Shall all mystery, except One, be revealed? There is almost no limit to this subject in the speculative mind, and though it may be an idling of time for the thoughts to dwell upon the possibilities of the century, it is nevertheless fascinating to let the imagination loose. The general principle cannot be denied, however, that all old things will have passed away, that new things, a new life, will have been substituted for those of to-day. Whether we look " backward" or "forward" we see that the same great and unchangeable natural laws are in force to compel the accomplishment of certain results, and we also can judge with much accuracy the tendency of science and the physical forces of mankind generally. If a grander, a better people should come out of the great evolution of the period, a people whose patriotism and moral sense shall be in keeping with their physical and general intellectual advancement, then the century will not have been lived in vain. There is a legend that once there came from his celestial home a personage to dwell among the Onondagas and give them plenti- GENERAL SUMMARY. 1113 fully of his superior wisdom ; that through his instrumentality a council was held upon the shores of Onondaga Lake at which the Iroquois League was formed. Shall we not also accept this as his benediction? when " From his place rose Hiawatha, Bade farewell to old Nokomis, Spake in whispers, spake in this wise, Did not wake the guests, that slumbered ; " I am going, O Nokomis, On a long and distant journey, To the portals of the Sunset, To the regions of the home-winds, Of the Northwest wind, Keewaydin. But these guests I leave behind me, In your watch and ward I leave them; See that never harm comes near them, See that never fear molests them, Never danger nor suspicion, Never want of food or shelter, In the lodge of Hiawatha ! " 140 BIOGRAPHICAL. GEN. EDWIN V. SUMNER. BIOGRAPHICAL. EDWIN V. SUMNER. Gen. Emwin Vose Sumner, the fifth child of Elisha Sumner and Nancy, daughter of Col. Joseph Vose, his wife, was born in Boston, Mass., Jan. 30, 1797, and died in Syracuse, N. Y., March 21, 1863. His paternal ancestors were William and Mary Sumner, who in 1636, emigrated from Dorchester, England, and settled in Dor chester, Mass., where William became a prominent citizen, being a representative to the General Court for thirteen years. From them descended (1) Roger, (2) Will iam. (3) Seth, (4) Seth (5) Elisha, (6) Gen. Edwin V. Job, a half-brother of Seth (4), was the father of Charles Pinckney Sumner, high sheriff of Suffolk county, and the grandfather of Hon. Charles Sumner, the statesman Col. Seth Sumner (4), with four brothers, served through the Revolutionary war with much credit. Col. Joseph Vose, the maternal grandfather of General Sumner, descended from Robert Vose, one of the leading citizens of Dorchester, and an early settler of the town of Milton, Mass. He was chosen colonel of militia in November, 1774, was soon appointed lieutenant colonel of the 25th Massachusetts Regiment, and served with distinction through the war of the Revolution. He had three brothers in the service of whom Elijah became al^o a lieutenant colonel. Elisha Sumner was born in Milton, Mass., April 17, 1760. married Nancy Vose on August 3, 1784, and between 1789 and 1800 was engaged in mercantile trade in Boston. His death occurred at Rutland, Vt. , April 1, 1839; his wife died March 6, 1848. General Sumner spent his boyhood principally in Milton, Mass., his father having returned to that town from Boston, in 1800. He was educated under Rev. Dr. Rich mond of Stoughton, and at the Billerica and Milton Academies, and for several years pursued a. mercantile career with Storrow & Brown, of Montreal, and with Stephen Higginson, jr., of Boston. But his tastes and talents, combined with the inherited military characteristics of a noted ancestry, inclined him naturally to the life of a soldier, and in March, 1819, he entered the regular army as second lieuten ant in the 2d U. S. Infantry, which in May following was stationed at Sackett's Har bor. There, on March 3, 1822, he married Miss Hannah W., daughter of Hon. Thomas and Sarah Pettit (Montgomery) Forster, who was born in Erie, Pa., January 31, 1805. General Sumner, while in the infantry, served at Sackett's Harbor, Fort Niagara, Mackinac, and Salt St. Marie, and at the commencement of the Black Hawk war in 1832 was appointed by General Scott chief commissary for the army in the field. In the following winter Congress authorized the organization of the First Regiment of Dragoons, and Sumner, then first lietenant, was selected by President A 2 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Jackson as second captain of the new regiment of horse, which at that time was an unusual promotion. In 1834 he accompanied General Dodge to the Pawnee villages at the headwaters of Red River, and in 1836 was sent in command of a squadron of cavalry to Milwaukee and Green Bay in anticipation of an Indian difficulty. From 1838 to 1842 he was in command of the Cavalry School of Practice at Carlisle Barracks, Pa., and during the next four years was stationed at Fort Atkinson, la., where he rendered valuable services in putting down Indian warfare. In June, 1846, being ordered to join General Kearney's expedition to New Mexico, he took command of the 1st Regt. of Dragoons, but a few days later was appointed major of the 2d Dragoons and ordered with that regiment to join General Taylor. The short but sanguinary Mexican war followed, and in it Sumner became a con spicuous figure. By order of General Scott he was placed in command of the new regiment of Mounted Riflemen, which was then stationed in New Orleans, and which he took to the Rio Grande, where he instructed it until February, 1847, when it embarked for Vera Cruz. While en route he was engaged in two skirmishes, and by his " skill and coolness," General Twiggs said, "inspired those under his com mand with the fullest confidence." He subsequently led his troops at the battles of Madeline Bridge and at Gerro Gordo, in the latter of which he was severely wounded by an escopette ball on the head. After a month in the hospital he resumed com mand of the 2d Dragoons and participated in the battles of the Valley of Mexico and Molino del Rey. In the latter he was conspicuous for his bravery and cool judg ment and won from General Worth a noble meed of praise: " I would commend to particular notice the conduct of Major Sumner, 2d Dragoons. He managed his com mand with skill and courage ; was always in the right place at the right time ; menacing or repelling superior forces of his own arm. I can not give, nor does that officer need, higher praise." It is safe to say that he more than any other man was instrumental in saving that bloody battle to the Americans. For his services at Cerro Gordo and Molino del Rey he was successively brevetted lieutenant- colonel and colonel. He was also present at the siege of Vera Cruz and the storming of Chapultepec and rendered efficient aid, and later entered the City of Mexico with General Scott, by whom he was placed in command of the Brigade of Horse in occu pation, which post he held until January 14, 1848. On July 18 of that year he was commissioned lieutenant-colonel of the 1st Dragoons. After the Mexican war closed he was placed in command of the Department of New Mexico, where, on the withdrawal of Governor Calhoun, he was the only rep resentative of the government. In 1854 he was ordered to Europe on official business and in 1855 was promoted colonel of the 1st Cavalry. In 1856, being in command of Fort Leavenworth, Kan. , he incurred the displeasure of the secretary of war, Jefferson Davis, by his conduct in the troubles between the free-state and the pro- slavery men, and was removed, and in July, 1857, he led an expedition against the Cheyenne Indians, defeating them on Solomon's Fork of the Kansas River. In 1858 he was made commander of the Department of the West. In February, 1862, Sumner was selected by General Scott to accompany President elect Lincoln to Washington, and on the 16th of March the latter appointed him brigadier-general in place of General Twiggs. This was one of the very first of Lincoln's appointments, and in making it he remarked: " It's the best office in my gift "— not knowing then that bs would soon elevate many others to the same rank. BIOGRAPHICAL. 3 General Bates, the president's attorney-general, afterward stated: " Lincoln said, in the darkest days of the war, ' There's one man we can always trust, and that is Sumner.' " General Sumner was immediately ordered to the command of the De partment of the Pacific, where he rendered important service in preventing the suc cess of secession intrigues, and in which capacity he has often been credited with saving California to the Union. But being anxious for more active duty in the field he was recalled and in March, 1862, was appointed commander of the First Army Corps in the Army of the Potomac. He commanded the left wing at the siege of Yorktown and performed a conspicuous part in all the battles of the Chickahominy campaign, during which he was twice slightly wounded. In recognition of his services under McClellan he was appointed major-general of volunteers to rank from July 4 and brevet major-general in the regular army to date from May 31, 1862. On the reorganization of the army after General Pope's Virginia campaign he was assigned to the command of the Second Army Corps, and with it he participated in the battle of Ahtietam, where he was again wounded. He commanded the Right Grand Division of the Army of the Potomac, which on December 13, 1862, bore the brunt of the battle of Fredericksburg, and on January 25, 1863, at his own request, he was relieved. On March 9 he was assigned to the command of the Department of the West, and while on his way to enter upon the discharge of his duties in that capacity he was taken sick m Syracuse and died on the 21st of the same month. General Sumner was in the military service of the United States for forty-four con secutive years, and during that entire period his love for his profession never diminished, but grew stronger and more intense. He was a true soldier, imbued with the staunchest patriotism, and inspired others to the highest sense of ennoble ment and courage. As a disciplinarian he was never excelled and seldom equaled. He rose by gradual promotion from the rank of second lieutenant to the command of one of the most important armies ever brought together in America, and by im movable respect and obedience to superiors won the confidence and esteem of every comrade. His highest ambition was unswerving adherence to duty, no matter how disagreeable or in his opinion inadvisable. He never questioned the commands of his superior officers, but executed their orders with soldierly promptness and pre- ciseness. His great patriotism is exemplified in General Orders, No. 2, dated at San Francisco September 3, 1861: "No Federal troops in the Department of the Pacific will ever surrender to Rebels." Throughout the Mexican war, the Kansas troubles, and the various Indian uprisings he bore a conspicuous part and covered his name with glor}-. For bravery and heroism, for skill, coolness, and good judgment, he was never known to err, and while others hesitated he promptly and discreetly fol lowed his duty as a true soldier and loyal citizen. At the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion he was the senior colonel of the LT. S. Cavalry, ranking with the famous Albert Sidney Johnston, afterward of the Confederate army. Immediately after the firing on Fort Sumter he was rewarded with a brigadier-general's com mission, and during the early years of that memorable conflict he rendered valuable service to the Union cause. His principal engagements as corps commander were Peach Orchard, Savage Station, Allen's Field, White Oak Swamp, Glendale, Mal vern Hill, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and Fair Oaks. Of the latter Rev. Dr. J. J. Marks, in his "Peninsula Campaign in Virginia,'' says: "When the battle had vigorously begun General Sumner, with the true instinct of an old warrior, compre- 4 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. hended the whole move [of General Johnston], and gave orders for the advance of his corps across the Chickahominy. By incredible efforts he succeeded in urging over before night all his men, and bringing with him several pieces of artillery. After General Sumner had crossed the river he had no other guide to the scene of battle than the cannonading ; but hurrying up he succeeded in reaching the field in time to prevent Johnston surrounding our left wing, and thus saved our honor and the Army of the Potomac. For the four divisions composing this wing of the army would certainly have been overcome by vastly superior numbers, though they had fought with the bravery of Spartans." A. D. Richardson, in his " Field, Dungeon, and Escape," thus speaks of the general: " Hundreds of soldiers were familiar with the erect form, the snowy, streaming hair, and the frank face of that wonder ful old man, who, on the perilous edge of battle, while they were falling like grass before the mower, would dash through the fire and smoke, shouting: " Steady, men, steady ! Don't be excited. When you have been soldiers as long as I you will learn that this is nothing. Stand firm and do your duty.' " His last words on his death bed were: " God save my country, the United States of America." The funeral of General Sumner was one of the most imposing and impressive occasions ever seen in Syracuse. The city was shrouded in the deepest mourning and literally filled with the highest officers of the government, civil and judicial dig nitaries; military organizations, and thousands of visitors from far and near. Rev. Samuel J. May conducted the services at the house — the Teall mansion in Fayette Park — while Rev. Dr. Canfield presided at the First Presbyterian church. He was buried in Oakwood Cemetery, where a handsome tomb adorns his final resting place. The following letter was received from General McClellan : " New York, March 23, 1863. ' ' Hon. D. Bookstaver, Mayor of Syracuse: " Dear Sir:— I regret that my engagements are of such a nature as to render it out of my power to attend the funeral of my lamented comrade, Gen. Sumner. " It would afford me peculiar satisfaction to pay that just tribute of respect to his memory at this particular time, for in him the nation has sustained a. loss it can ill afford at such a juncture as this. • ' All recognized the high honor, loyalty and courage of that distinguished veteran. "He presented to younger men the highest example of unswerving devotion to his country, and of a firm determination to sacrifice everything that might be neces sary in subduing the rebellion, and restoring peace and the unity of the nation, by putting forth all the strength of the country to defeat its armed enemies in the field. " Although the nation has lost his services, we have at least his example left for our imitation. "Please present to the family of Gen. Sumner my sincere sympathy. And believe me to be truly yours, "Geo. B. McClfxlan, Maj. -Gen. U. S. A." Major-General Halleck formally announced the death of General Sumner in this glowing tribute: "War Department, Adj. -Gen's Office, "Washington, March 24, 1863. " General Orders No. 71.] "With profound regret the general-in-chief announces the decease of Maior- General Edwin V. Sumner, United States Army, at Syracuse, N. Y., on the 21st instant. General Sumner entered the army in March, 1819, and it was his fortune to be connected with all the stirring military events which occurred throughout the. BIOGRAPHICAL. 5 long period of his service. His indomitable energy and high-toned military spirit impelled him always to seek assignment to duty in the field. He was twice brevet- ted for gallant and meritorious conduct in the Mexican battles. Subsequently he commanded the Department of New Mexico, and directed important campaigns against the restless tribes within its limits. " At the commencement of the Rebellion, being then a colonel of cavalry, he was appointed brigadier-general in the army, and was then ordered to command on the Pacific Coast. His last urgent entreaty, before departing to that distant station, was that he might be promptly recalled to take part in any conflict which might occur with the rebels in the neighborhood of the Capital. His ardent patriotism and martial fire would not permit him to rest until he was recalled, and assigned to a high command in the Army of the Potomac. The name of Sumner is identified with nearly every fierce struggle in which that army has been engaged, and every page of its history will perpetuate the fame of this noble soldier. His gallantry was acknowledged first by the commission of major-general of volunteers, and then by the brevet of major-general on his army commission. " Having been relieved from duty with the Army of the Potomac, at his own re quest, after the battle of Fredericksburg, he was assigned to command the Depart ment of Missouri. While on the way to St. Louis to enter upon this important com mand, he who had escaped the dangers of so many bullets/fell suddenly a victim of disease. The regrets of the whole army go with him. He will be lamented and re membered, not for his soldierly traits alone, but for his generous and courteous bearing, the offspring of a true and noble nature. "As appropriate military honors to the memory of the deceased general, the several posts within the Department of Missouri will fire thirteen minute guns, com mencing at 12 o'clock m. , and display the national flag at half staff from the same hour until sunset, the day next after the receipt of this order. " By command of Major-General Halleck. " L. Thomas, Adjutant-General." Appropriate resolutions were passed upon the death of General Sumner by the Legislatures of Massachusetts and New York. In Chapter 69, laws of 1863, of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the following is recorded : ' ' Resolved, That it is with the most profound regret and heartfelt sorrow that Massachusetts receives the tidings of the demise of another of her brave and illus trious sons, Maj. -Gen. Edwin V. Sumner, while in the midst of those active and patriotic duties which it was his constant desire and highest aim promptly to per form and faithfully to fulfill. "Resolved, That in the death of General Sumner we feel that the country has lost a noble and patriotic citizen; the government a firm and enthusiastic defender; the army a brave and accomplished officer, whose services and life were devotedly given to the Union, and whose character and deeds will be cherished in the hearts of his grateful countrymen so long as they have a country to love and the honor of its flag to cherish and defend. ' Resolved, That we present to the family of the deceased our sympathetic con dolence, remembering that he for whom they and the country mourn as dead will ever in memory live ; and through the medium of noble example will speak in deeds of heroic valor to the sons of America to the latest generation ; which is a more eloquent eulogy than language can frame, and a more enduring monument than the hand of man can raise. "Resolved, That his Excellency the Governor be requested to transmit a copy of these resolutions to the family of the late Major-General Sumner. " House of Representatives, April 23, 1863. "Passed. Alexander H. Bullock, Speaker. " In Senate, April 25, 1863. " Passed. J- E. Field, President. " April 27, 1863. "Approved. John A. Andrew, Governor." 6 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. The following resolutions were unanimously passed by the Assembly of New York State in March, 1863: " Resolved, That this House has heard with deep regret of the death of Maj. -Gen. Edwin V. Sumner, and as a testimonial of respect for his eminent services in the United States Army, the purity of his patriotism, and the devotion of his life to the cause of his country, we desire in this manner to express the sentiments we feel at the great loss which the nation has sustained by this unexpected event. "Resolved, That copies of these resolutions, properly engrossed, be sent to the president and Congress of the United States, to the governor and Senate of this State, and that they be entered upon the journal of this House." After the adoption of the foregoing resolutions, Hon. Chauncey M. Depew, then assemblymen from Westchester, paid a glowing tribute to General Sumner's mem ory, from which the following is taken : "Our best blood waters every battlefield of the country. Amid the smoke and din of the conflict, has gone out brilliant intellect, and great heart, vigor and youth — intellect which would have added to the greatness of the Commonwealth — vigor and youth, which would have increased its material wealth and its grandeur — noble souls, who would have contributed to its moral elevation. Butof them all, death has claimed for its victim, in this abundant harvest, no nobler soul or no mightier spirit than Gen. Sumner. A half century he has been in arms for his country, and the story of his life is the story of his nation's glory and her deeds. He is connected with every battlefield which is looked upon as an exemplification of American valor, and with every act which adds a bright page to his country's annals. "Wherever the fight was thickest there was he to be found. Wherever the assault was to be carried, he led it ; and where the retreating column was to be protected, he was in the rear — at once the avenging angel of the charge and the protecting panopoly of the retreat. Often and again during the dreadful scenes of the Penin sula campaign, and the seven days' battle, when wearied with marching and over powered by numbers, the shattered columns of the Union were flving in disorder from the field — the bold front of Sumner rushing hither and thither in the thickest of the fight, exposing himself where danger was the greatest and bullets rained fastest, gave heart to the fainting, courage to the weak, strength to the manly, and rolled back again the tide of success. "Sir, at the battle of Antietam it was his efforts which won for us, as much as any other the result there achieved ; and when he stood upon the heights of Fredericks burg, beside the Commanding General, and saw his old column, which had never turned its back toward the enemy, scaling the impassable heights, beating itself vainly against impregnable fortifications, marching up but to be mowed down, with a devotion unequaled in history — the warrior- souled old chieftain longed to be with his comrades, and it required all the orders and the command of his superior officer to keep him from mingling in the hottest of that fray." General Sumner's widow continued to reside in Syracuse for eighteen years after his death, and died at Charlottesville, Va. , December 9, 1880, being buried beside her distinguished husband in Oakwood. She was a woman of singular gentleness and great force of character, and of true patriotic impulses and heroism. Her home life was peculiarly sweet and harmonious. Their children were Nancy, widow of Lieut. Leonidas Jenkins, U. S. A., of Syracuse; Margaret Forster, wife of Col. Eugene E. McLean of New York city ; Sarah Montgomery, wife of Col. William W. Teall, of Syracuse; Col. Edwin Vose, U. S. A., of Fort Grant, Arizona; Mary Heron, widow of Gen. Armistead L. Long, who has served as postmistress of Charlottesville, Va., since Grant's first administration; Col. Samuel Storrow, U. S. A., now at Fort Leavenworth, Kan. ; and three, Elizabeth Heron, Edwin Vose, 1st, and George Wright, who died in infancy. BIOGRAPHICAL. REV. SAMUEL J. MAY. Rev. Samuel Joseph May was born in Boston, Mass., September 12, 1797. His father, Colonel Joseph May, was the son of Samuel May, of Boston, by his second wife, Abigail Williams, of Roxbury. Colonel May was born in Boston in 1760, and died there in 1841. He was a public benefactor, a man of sterling character and in tegrity, a devout Christian, and for many years a member and warden of King's Chapel, In 1785 he was one of the twenty who voted to make those alterations in the Liturgy which separated that society from the Trinitarian communion and from the Episcopal church. He married Dorothy Sewall, daughter of Samuel Sewall, of Boston, by his wife Elizabeth Quincy, niece of Josiah Quincyof Revolutionary fame, and sister of Dorothy, the wife of John Hancock. She was a lineal descendant of Chief Justice Samuel Sewall, who was born in England in 1652, and died in Boston in 1730, and who, because of his participation as junior judge "in the trial and con demnation to death, at Sa lem, of many persons accus ed of witchcraft," afterward strove in various ways "to atone for that early wrong," notably by observing "annu ally, in private, a day of hu miliation and prayer during the remainder of his life, to keep fresh in his mind a sense of repentance and sorrow for the part he bore in those trials." Rev. Mr. May's earlier edu cation was received principal ly in private schools in his native city. In September, 1813, he entered Harvard College and was graduated with a class of sixty-seven in 1817. There he distinguished himself by winning sev eral prizes and achieving high rank as a scholar. In October of that year he went to Hingham and began the study of theology under the Rev. Henry Colman, assist ing also in teaching a small classical school. Not liking this he returned in May, 1818, to Cambridge, where he resumed his theological studies in the Divinity School, then hardly organized, but under the direction of Rev. Dr. Ware, whose counsel and advice had a marked effect upon the subsequent character of Mr. May's life. In 1819 he made the acquaintance of Noah Worcester, D. D., and until the latter's death Rev. Samuel Joseph May. 8 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. enjoyed his warm friendship. Dr. Worcester was the author of "The Apostle of Peace," and in 1814 published his " Solemn Review of the Custom of War," both of which impressed Mr. May, who, in speaking of the venerable author, said, "He was the most holy man I ever knew. The first great Christian reform that I ever em braced was the one inaugurated by him — the attempt to abolish the custom of war." In 1820 he began to preach, first at Nahant, and early in 1821 in Brooklyn, Conn. He had espoused the doctrine of Unitarianism, to which he adhered throughout life. March 13, 1822, he was ordained to the ministry in Chauncy Place church, Boston, and four days later commenced his labors as minister of the First Ecclesiastical Society of Brooklyn, Conn., where, in January, 1823, he began the publication of " The Liberal Christian," a fortnightly paper in .which he expounded the principles of his religion. He was installed pastor November 5, 1823, and officiated in that capacity until 1836, when he was transferred to the church in South Scituate, where he remained six years. June 1, 1825, he married Lucretia Flagge Coffin, second daughter of Peter and Anne (Martin) Coffin, of Boston, who was born in Portsmouth, where her father was a merchant. She was a woman of great force of character, a worthy helpmate and a devout Christian. May 12, 1842, he removed to Lexington as principal of the Normal School, which position he resigned in 1843. In the latter year, while on a journey to Niagara Falls, he occupied the pulpit of Rev. J. P. B. Storer in Syracuse for several Sundays, and upon the death of that divine Mr. May received a unanimous call to become the minister of that young Unitarian church. He began his labors here in April, 1845, and continued almost without interruption until his death, July 1, 1871, a period of twenty-six years. Mr. May was a man universally beloved and revered, and wherever he lived left an indelible impress of his personality upon the entire community. His great, warm heart went out in wholesome, brotherly love to all humanity, and every one, young and old, found in him a friend. His Christianity was manifest in his every action, every word, and diffused itself like a pure, radiant light from the depths of his soul. He won the esteem, respect and confidence, and even the love, of all classes, and his memory still lingers in the hearts of thousands of those who knew him. As a minister of the gospel he was conscientious to a fault. He clearly and fearlessly expounded the doctrines of Unitarianism, and was largely instrumental in elevating that denomination above the prejudices of other sects, not only in Syracuse, but throughout the Eastern States. He was an unswerving advocate of temperance and of peace as opposed to war, and in August, 1826, organized the Windham County (Conn.) Peace Society, of which he was corresponding secretary. On these two subjects he delivered numerous lec tures and wrote several tracts. He also edited the Christian Monitor and Common People's Adviser, and other papers for a time. But it was as a friend and fellow laborer of William Lloyd Garrison that he acquired an almost national reputation in the cause of anti-slavery, which he espoused under the teachings of that eminent liberator, and of Daniel Webster, as early as 1828. In 1835 he became the general agent and corresponding secretary of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society, and for many years lectured enthusiastically, in the face of stubborn opposition and even mob violence, on the subject of abolitionism. He was probably the first Unitarian minister to openly identify himself with the emancipation of the negro. During his long and efficient labors in this field he was the personal friend of Dr. Channing, BIOGRAPHICAL. 9 John Greenleaf Whittier, Gerrit Smith, Theodore Parker and others. Between 1834 and the war of the Rebellion he was one of the most active agents in the "under ground railroad," his house being a conspicuous station where hundreds of slaves fleeing from bondage stopped on their way to Canada. He boldly defied the Fugi tive Slave Law, not only in his pulpit, but wherever he might be, and fearlessly championed the cause of right and justice. He was foremost in the famous "Jerry Rescue" in October, 1851, and at once openly acknowledged the part he took on that historic occasion. During the Civil war he was especially active in helping soldiers' families, securing them pensions, and personally visiting the camps of the Potomac army. He was actively identified with the cause of education, and for a time served as president of the School Board. It was in his honor that May School in the Seven teenth ward and May Memorial church (built in 1885) were named. Mr. May was succeeded by Rev. Samuel R. Calthrop, the present pastor, who was installed April 29, 1868. Mr. May was endowed with a peculiarly courteous demeanor and a disposition of rare sweetness. His admirable traits, his acknowledged abilities and his nobility of character gave him an unusual influence which extended throughont the whole com munity. He died late Saturday night, and when the news was announced from city pulpits Sunday morning the services in many churches were interrupted by sob bings. Colored people put on mourning badges, and everywhere signs of general bereavement prevailed. The funeral, which occurred at the church on July 6, was one of the largest ever held in Syracuse. Twenty-one clergymen, including a Jew ish rabbi, were present. In both pulpit and congregation were representatives of nearly every religious sect in Central New York — of every nationality, Indians, col ored persons, rich and poor, high and low, Roman Catholics and Protestants, all honoring by their presence the beloved friend of all mankind. Mr. May's wife died in 1865. His home life was one long stream of happiness. His sister Abigail was the mother of Louisa May Alcott, author of "Little Women," etc. HENRY DARWIN DIDAMA, M. D., LL.D. Henry Darwin Didama, M. D., LL.D., son of Dr. John and grandson of Dr. Simon Didama, both physicians, was born in Perry ville, Madison county, N. Y., June 17, 1823. His father and grandfather came with the Holland Company from Delft in the latter part of the last century, when John was only thirteen years of age, and located in Trenton, N. Y. His mother, Lucinda, was of the New England Gaylord stock, hence the subject of this sketch is fortunate enough to have the best ancestral com bination possible : Holland Dutch and Connecticut Yankee. He does not remember, as he himself has stated, any exhibitions of remarkable precocity, although he has been assured that he was an excellent silent listener in early life, speaking only two words till he had reached the mature age of four years. He declares that, as there were then no State hospitals for feeble-minded children, he was tenderly but despair ingly cared for under the parental roof. He was sent to the village district school, where the kind mental ministrations and physical administrations of patient teach- B 10 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. ers enabled him to master the English alphabet at seven, and to make "straight marks" — most woeful and wabbling — in his writing book at nine. In the common and select schools, and at the excellent Cazenovia Seminary (which he attended for three years), he acquired in a measure the rudiments of an ordinary education. That these rudiments were fixed in a fairly retentive memory was due, he thinks, to his two winters' experience as a school teacher in 1840 and 1841. In 1842 he became a medical student in the office of his accomplished friend, the late Dr. David A. Moore, of Cazenovia, and later finished his studies under the late Dr. Nelson C. Powers, of this city, attending in the mean time one course of lectures at the Geneva Medical College and two courses at the medical college m Albany, from which latter institution he was graduated in 1846. Locating then in Romulus, Seneca county, he had abundant leisure during his five years' residence there to con tinue his medical studies, as the large majority of the good people in that quiet and healthful locality enjoyed almost uninterrupted immunity from illness, while the sick minority chose the attentions of a venerable and experienced professional neighbor, whose friends actually boasted that he had not looked into a medical book in thirty years! Before leaving Romulus Dr. Didama married Miss Sarah, daughter of Hon. Sherman Miller, of Tompkins county, N. Y., and to her good judgment and faithful devotion attributes in no small measure whatever of success in practice he may have achieved. She has been the mother of three children, all deceased: Amelia Louise (wife of the late William H. Niven), who after her marriage was graduated from the Medical College of Syracuse University and died May 8, 1893, while in Florida ; Sher man Miller, who died in March, 1878, while a student in the Syracuse Medical Col lege; and Henry Darwin, who died in infancy. Dr. Didama came to Syracuse in 1851, and during his forty-five 3-ears' residence in this city has enjoyed an extensive medical practice, having long been recognized as one of the leading members of the profession. He has been or is at present a mem ber of several medical societies and associations, among them the Syracuse Medical Association, Syracuse Academy of Medicine, Onondaga County Medical Society, Central New York Medical Association, New York State Medical Society, New York State Medical Association (in each of which he has served as president), American Medical Association, American Academy of Medicine, American Climatological As sociation, and British Medical Association. He has been one of the physicians to St. Joseph's Hospital in Syracuse since its institution and has served for several years as chief of its staff. He has been professor of the science and art of medicine in the College of Medicine of Syracuse University since its organization in 1872 and is now dean. In 1888 the university conferred upon him the degree of doctor of laws. He is also an officer in the First Presbyterian church of Syracuse and has been a Republican ever since the formation of that party. Dr. Didama is the author of several essays on medicine which, in addition to pub lic addresses, have been published in medical journals at home and reviewed abroad. Over the signature of "Amos Cottle" he has also for many years written for the daily press articles of current interest and letters of travel in foreign lands. His skill and research are dedicated to his fellowmen, and he still finds his highest pleasure in the profession to which his long and active life has been assiduously devoted. Dr. Didama has always been earnestly in favor of a high standard of medical educa tion. In his address at Albany in 1880, while president of the State Medical Society, BIOGRAPHICAL. 11 he urged that, without delay, an entrance examination should be required by each medical college in the State ; that this examination should be equal to that exacted by the best universities ; and that after four years from the new departure each can didate for admission should possess the degree of A. B. In the same address he ad vocated the substitution of a sensible, prolonged three years' graded course of in struction for the prevailing, unnatural, short two winters' course, the second winter being but a repetition of the first. In his address in New York city in 1884, as presi dent of the New York State Medical Association, he reaffirmed his convictions and amplified his arguments regarding entrance examinations and a graded course. In 1888 the State Legislature enacted a law compelling all candidates for admission to a medical college to be subjected to specified mild and elementary examination, and to a final examination for license to practice by an independent board to be appointed by the Regents of the State University. It is remembered with considerable pleas ure that the medical department of Syracuse University had in full force for sixteen years prior to the compulsory legislative enactment, and still has, all and more than all the requirements of the new law. ALFRED MERCER, M. D. Alfred Mercer, M. D., son of William and Mary (Dobell) Mercer, was born in High Halden, Kent, England, November 18, 1820, and came to America with his parents in 1832. The latter were then nearly sixty years of age, imbued with Eng lish social and business habits, and the change to America proved too great for their comfort or enjoyment. They therefore returned to England in the following spring, leaving their youngest son in America with an older brother, who had resided here several years, believing this country, offered better advantages than England for an ambitious young man. The youth spent two years at the Genesee Wesleyan Seminary, studied medicine in the office of Dr. John F. Whitbeck, in Lima, Livingston county, and was gradu ated from the Geneva Medical College in 1845. In 1846 he visited his parents in England, and devoted a few months the study of medicine and surgery in the hos pitals of London and Paris. Returing to America in 1847 he opened an office in Mil waukee, Wis., but in 1848 returned to this State and practiced in Livingston and Monroe counties until 1853, when he settled permanently in Syracuse, where he has since become one of the best known and most skillful physicians and surgeons in the Empire State. While in Europe he wrote a number of interesting professional letters to the Buffalo Medical Journal ; in 1859 he contributed to the same periodical a paper on "Partial Dislocations; Consecutive and Muscular Affections of the Shoulder Joints," and in 1873 he wrote another article on "Relations of Scientific Medicine to Special and Specific Modes of Medication." An abstract of one of his addresses was published in the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal in March, 1879. Besides these he has contributed many other valuable papers on professional subjects to the litera ture of his calling. Dr. Mercer was health officer of the city of Syracuse for many years, and upon the removal of the Geneva Medical College to this city he was made a ^member of the 12 • ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. faculty, in which he long occupied the chair of minor clinical surgery. He has also been a member of the local Board of Health for several years ; was one of the State Commissioners of Health from April 7, 1884, to 1890 ; has been professor of State medicine in the medical department of Syracuse University since 1883 ; was acting surgeon for ten years, and has been since and is now consulting surgeon of the House of the Good Shepherd ; is a member and has been vice-president of the New York State Medical Society; is a member and was for some time president of the Onondaga County Medical Society, in which he has held all the offices except that of secretary, being treasurer for several years ; is now vice-president of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine, and also a member of the American and of the British Medi cal Associations. In 1848 he married Miss Delia, eldest daughter of Aaron Lam- phier, esq. , of Lima, N. Y. , who died in February, 1887, leaving one son, Dr. A. Clifford Mercer, now practicing medicine with his father, and one daughter, Ina, wife of Lepine.H. Rice, of Brookline, Mass. In 1888 Dr. Mercer married Mrs. Esther A. Esty of Ithaca, N. Y. THEODORE E. HANCOCK. Hon. Theodore E. Hancock, attorney-general of the State of New York, is a son of Freeman and Mary (Williams) Hancock, and was born in the town of Granby, Oswego county, N. Y., May 30, 1847. His father, of English descent, was born at Martha's Vineyard and belonged to a family of sailors. His mother's ancestry were French, and she was born in Providence, R. I. Mr. Hancock, as a youth, attended the district schools of his native town, working upon the farm summers. He was graduated first in his class from Falley Seminary in Fulton, N. Y. , in 1867, and then entered Wesleyan University at Middletown, Conn., from which he was graduated with honors in 1871, being the head of his class and the recipient of prizes for pro ficiency in Latin and Greek. At a comparatively early age he evinced a strong in clination for the law as a profession, for which his native faculties and scholarly habits were peculiarly adapted. Upon leaving college he read law in the office of Hon. Edward T. Bartlett, now judge of the Court of Appeals, and also entered Columbia Law School, in New York city, and was graduated and admitted to the bar from that institution in 1873. Immediately afterward he took up his permanent residence in Syracuse, where he has ever since followed the practice of his profes sion, being at different times a member of the firms of Gilbert & Hancock, Hancock & Munro ; Hoyt, Beach & Hancock ; Hancock, Beach & Devine ; Hancock, Beach, Peck & Devine; and Hancock, Hogan, Beach & Devine, his present partners being Hon. William A. Beach, Hon. John W. Hogan and James Devine. As a lawyer Mr. Hancock has won » foremost place among the eminent members of the legal fraternity of the State. His more than twenty years of active and suc cessful practice has gained for him a wide reputation as well as the respect and con fidence of every person with whom he has come into contact. His business in the office and before the courts has been varied and extensive, and the many important cases which he has been called to conduct reflect the highest credit upon his ability as an advocate. He is a student by nature, profoundly versed in the science of law, BIOGRAPHICAL. 13 and is thoroughly equipped for his profession and the important public offices to which he has been elected. In politics he has always been an active and ardent Re publican, and to the welfare and progress of his party he has given valued services consistent with dignity and fairness. In this respect he has ever borne the esteem and confidence of both friends and opponents. In 1889 he was nominated by the Republicans for district attorney of Onondaga county, and at the ensuing election ran about 1,200 ahead of the regular ticket. Mr. Hancock's legal ability and pro found knowledge of the law had now attracted the attention of the ablest jurists of the State, and in the Republican judicial convention of 1891 he came within three votes of being nominated for justice of the Supreme Court, the nomination, had he received it, being equivalent to an election. In 1893 he was nominated by the Re publican State convention for the office of attorney-general of the State of New York, and at the general election in November was triumphantly elected to that exalted position for a term of two years, beginning January 1, 1894. His majority over his Democratic opponent, Simon W. Rosendale, was 21,290. In the fall of 1895 he was nominated and re-elected by the Republicans for the new term under the revised constitution of 1894 for three years from January 1, 1896. At that election he re ceived the highest number of votes on the State ticket, being elected by a plurality of about 95,000. As attorney-general Mr. Hancock's official opinions have com manded universal respect, not only for their sound judicial character, but also for their high literary quality, their clearness and precision. Mr. Hancock was married June 7, 1881, to Miss Martha B. Connelly, daughter of Dr. Joseph Connelly, and a native of Wheeling, W. Va. They have three children: Stewart, Clarence and Martha. WILLIAM B. COGSWELL. William Brown Cogswell, son of David and Mary (Barnes) Cogswell, was born in Oswego, N. Y. , September 22, 1834. His ancestry emigrated from Wiltshire, Eng^ land, and settled in Ipswich, Mass., in 1635. His father died in 1877 and his mother in 1862. During the three years between the ages of seven and ten he attended Hamilton Academy in Oneida county, and later studied in the private schools of Joseph Allen, of Syracuse, and Prof. Orin Root, Seneca Falls, N. Y. In 1848 and 1849 he worked with the engineering party on the survey of the Syracuse & Oswego and Syracuse & Utica railroads, and in this employment evinced a strong inclination for civil engineering as a profession. On May 1, 1850, he entered Rensselaer Poly technic Institute at Troy, N. Y., where he remained three years, and which in 1884 conferred upon him the degree of C. E. Soon after leaving school Mr. Cogswell be gan an apprenticeship in the Lawrence machine shops under the superintendence of John C. Hoadley, and came out three years later with a theoretical and practical knowledge of engineering, mechanics, physics, and allied branches. Coming to Syra cuse in 1856 he was selected by George Barnes to accompany him to Ohio to take charge of the machinery of the Marietta and Cincinnati railroad at Chillicothe, of which Mr. Barnes was superintendent. He remained there three years, when he was made superintendent of the Broadway foundry in St. Louis, Mo. In 1860 he re- 14 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. turned to Syracuse, and with William A. and A. Avery Sweet started what became the works of the present Whitman & Barnes Manufacturing Company, with which he was identified when the Rebellion broke out. In 1861 he received a civilian appoint ment as mechanical engineer in the U. S. navy, and in this position performed an enormous amount of labor fitting up separate repair shops for five stations on the Atlantic seaboard and lived at one of them erected on shipboard at Port Royal, S. C. In 1862 he was transferred to the Brooklyn navy yard and placed in charge of steam repairs, and remained there four years. The following two years he lived in New York city. In 1870 he was given charge of the completion of the Clifton suspension bridge at Niagara Falls, where he continued four years, and at the same time super vised the construction of two blast furnaces at Franklin Iron Works in Oneida county. In all of these responsible undertakings he met with flattering success, which stamped him as one of the foremost civil engineers in the country. He also manifested a remarkable business talent and great executive ability, and won the confidence and esteem of all classes of citizens. He was successful in the broadest sense of the term. The year 1874 may be regarded as the turning point in Mr. Cogswell's career. He was solicited at this time to go to Mine La Motte, Mo., and assume charge of the lead mines of the same name at that place. These mines were and still are owned by Rowland Hazard, of Peace Dale, R.I., who induced Mr. Cogswell to take this step, which he did. He remained there until the spring of 1879, when he returned to Syracuse, where he has ever since resided, retaining, however, to the present time — a period of twenty-one years — the management of the Mine La Motte lead mines. Soon after returning to Syracuse he determined to go to Europe to investigate the soda industry, and through a friend made the acquaintance of Messrs. Solvay & Co. , of Brussels, Belgium, the leading manufacturers in that line in the world. Mr. Cogs well, as a result, was commissioned to inspect the various points in this country where a manufactory would be practicable, and report. After the receipt of the re port steps were taken to form a company for the manufacture of the various soda products, and Syracuse was decided upon as the best place for the works, for Mr. Cogswell believed that rock salt might be discovered in the vicinity. The manufac tory was located here, just west of the city limits, and around it the village of Solvay has sprung into existence. The Solvay Process Company was organized in 1881 with a capital of $300,000 and the following incorporators: Rowland Hazard, president; Earl B. Alvord, William A. Sweet, George Dana; and W. B. Cogswell, treasurer and general manager. The capital has been increased from time to time to keep pace with the growth of the business until now it is $4,000,000 with a total investment of $8,000,000. Around this immense establishment, the largest of the kind in Amer ica, nearly 3,000 people have taken up their residence, and these were incorporated into a village in 1894. Mr. Cogswell held the positions of treasurer and general manager until June, 1887, when Frederick R. Hazard was made treasurer. In the spring of 1894 Mr. Cogswell became managing director and E. N. Trump was pro moted general manager. Several experimental borings for rock salt were made in 1881 and 1883, but with out success; information, however, was obtained which led to the experiments in Tully valley in 1888 and the discovery of two veins of rock salt, each about fifty feet thick, at a depth of 1,200 feet. The Solvay Process Company now receive their en- BIOGRAPHICAL. 15 tire supply, equal to 400 tons of salt per day, from the Tully wells, and have a plant of such capacity that a large quantity of saturated brine can be sold to the salt man ufacturers of Syracuse. This enterprise led to the incorporation of the Tully Pipe Line Company, for conveying brine from the wells, to the works, with a capital of $300,000 and Mr. Cogswell as president; John L King, secretary; and Frederick R. Hazard, treasurer. The Solvay establishment also led to the formation of the Split Rock Cable Road Company with $100,000 capital and John L. King, president; W. B. Cogswell, general manager; O. V. Tracy, secretary; and F. R. Hazard, treasurer. Mr. Cogswell has received ample honors in his profession and evidence of that confidence from business men which is a tribute to his judgment and his business qualifications He is a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, the American Society of Mining Engineers, the American Society of Mechanical Engi neers, the Society of Chemical Industry of England, and the Society for the Ad vancement of Science, and a fellow of the Geographical Society. He is a Master Mason and a member of the Royal Arch Chapter. Mr. Cogswell was married on January 31, 1856, at Lawrence, Mass., to Miss Mary N. Johnson, a native of New Hampshire, who died July 20, 1877, leaving on daughter, Mabel. THOMAS G. ALVORD. Hon. Thomas G. Alvord was born on what is known as the John Hopper farm at Onondaga Hollow, this county, on the 20th of December, 1810. His paternal ances tor, Alexander Alvord, came to this country from Somersetshire, England, in 1634, and first stopped at East Windsor, Conn., but soon removed to Northampton, Mass., of which he was the founder, and where he lived and died. His grandfather, Thomas G. Alvord, sr. , served in the Colonial army in the French and Indian wars, and was present on the frontier at Oswego in 1756, and together with his son, Thomas G. Al vord, jr., was in the artillery service during the war of the Revolution, for which both drew bounty lands on the Military Tract, their claims lying in what was for merly Onondaga, but now Cortland county. They were both present at the sur render of Cornwallis. Elisha Alvord, son of Thomas G., sr. , and father of the sub. ject of this sketch, was born in Farmington, Conn., in September, 1773, and before 1790 brought his father and the family to his father's military claim in the present town of Homer, Cortland county, where the two Revolutionary veterans above men tioned both died. In 1793 Elisha Alvord came to Salina as superintendent for the Federal Salt Company, and in 1798, in partnership with his younger brother, Dio- clesian, purchased the business of that concern, which, together with merchandising, was carried on by the firm of E. & D. Alvord until May, 1813. Elisha Alvord then engaged in the general mercantile and produce business in company with his brother- in-law, Abraham C. Lansing, at Lansingburg, Rensselaer county, which they con tinued until 1825. He died there in 1846. Mr. Alvqrd was the first supervisor of the town of Salina, and was for many years a commissioner appointed to lay out roads, notably the famous Salt road leading to Sackett's Harbor. He married (first) Polly Bush, by whom he had one daughter, Julia V. (Mrs. Elijah 16 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. M. Bissell) who died at the age of eighty-five. His second wife was Helen Lansing, who bore him five children : Hon Thomas G., Cornelius L., Charles B., Elizabeth (Mrs. C. A. Burgess), and Mary (Mrs. Alson D. Hull). Mrs. Helen (Lansing) Alvord was the great-granddaughter of Abraham Jacob Lansing, the original patroon of Lansingburg, Rensselaer county, who came from Holland to New Amsterdam in 1620, and later moved to Fort Orange (now Albany), but subsequently settled upon his patrimony in Lansingburg. Her father, Cornelius Lansing, patroon of Lansing burg, Schaghticoke, and part of Brunswick, was a captain in the Colonial militia, and also served in the Revolutionary war, being in General Schuyler's contingent at the surrender of Burgoyne and the night afterward in command of Fort Edward, where he was the host of Baroness Reidsel and Lady Harriet Auckland, the night after the battle. He was a member of the State Legislature in 1798-99 and a dele gate to the State Constitutional Convention in 1801. Two of his sons, Abraham C. and Jacob C, and three sons-in-law, Gardner Tracy, David Allen and David Rus sell, were members of the Legislature of this State in the early part of this century, while another son, Dirck C. Lansing, was a pioneer clergyman of the Presbyterian church in the town of Onondaga from 1807 to about 1812 and occasionally preached also at Salt Point. Thomas G. Alvord moved with his parents in 1813 to Lansingburg, where he at tended the public schools and the local academy during his boyhood, In 1825 he entered the sophomore class of Yale College, from which he was graduated in June, 1828. After a short time as clerk in the store of his brother-in-law, Mr. Bissell, at Pittsfield, Mass., he began the study of law with his old academic tutor, Hon. George A. Simmons, at Keeseville, Clinton county, and completed his legal studies with Kirkland & Bacon, of Utica, being admitted to the bar at Albany in October, 1832. January 1, 1833, he commenced the practice of his profession in the First ward of Syracuse, then the village of Salina, and continued until 1846, when he turned his attention wholly to business pursuits. For about three years prior to 1842 he had as his legal partner Enos D. Hopping. In 1846 Mr. Alvord formed a partnership with Elizur Clark and his brother, Cornelius L. Alvord, under the firm name of Clark & Alvords, and began the manufacture of lumber and salt on an extensive scale, hav ing a large saw mill on the site of the present chemical works in the First ward. They continued successfully until 1863, when the firm dissolved and went out of busi ness. Meanwhile Mr. Alvord had organized the Salina Coarse Salt Company and the Salt Springs Salt Company, in each of which he has ever since been a director and the moving spirit. With Hon. E. B. Judson he established the Salt Springs Bank, and was elected its first president, and he was also for a short time a director in the old Bank of Salina, now the Third National Bank. He was the originator, with others, of the Salina and Central Square Plank Road Company, incorporated in 1844, which constructed between those two points the first plank road in the United States. This road is still maintained between Syracuse and Cicero. Mr. Alvord has continuously been a member of the board of directors, and for the last two years has served as president of the company. Mr. Alvord's long political record is one of exceptional brilliancy and purity. He was recognized as a man of great ability, of the strictest integrity and of unswerving fidelity to his constituents, and for many years held a foremost place in the councils of his parts. Engrossed as he was with the care of large and varied business inter- ocnX-O' CtAAJL BIOGRAPHICAL. 17 ests, which constituted an important factor in the growth of the city and materially influenced the progress of a thriving community, he nevertheless took an active part in all matters of a public nature ; and contributed both time and money in furthering every movement which met his approval. He affiliated with the Democrats until the firing on Fort Sumter in 1861, when his convictions impelled him towards a more patriotic policy than that represented by Democratic principles. At the Union State Convention, composed of delegates imbued with the same spirit of loyalty, held in 1861, Mr. Alvord presided as both temporary and permanent chairman, and ever since then he has acted unflinchingly with the Republican party. He has ably and conscientiously filled many important offices of trust and responsibility, beginning with that of inspector of common schools in Clinton county, before he had reached his majority. He was clerk of the town and village of Salina several years, and in the fall of 1843 was elected to the assembly, in which he served in all fifteen terms, namely in 1844, 1858, 1862, 1864, 1876-72 inclusive, 1874-75, and 1877 to 1882 inclu sive. He was speaker of the assembly in 1858 and 1864, and the first speaker in the new capitol in 1879, and when not in the chair he was chairman and a member almost continuously of the committees on canals and ways and means. His legisla tive career was characterized by great personal effort in advancing not only the in terests of his own asssembly district, but the welfare of the State at large, and numerous measures of more than local benefit were the result of his untiring labors and wholesome influence. In the fall of 1864 he was elected lieutenant-governor of the State of New York, and in that capacity served with distinction during the years 1865 and 1866. As president of the Senate he presided with dignity, ability and fair ness, and won the approval and respect of every member on the floor. In the fall of 1866 and again in the autumn of 1893 he was elected a delegate to the State Consti tutional Conventions which met in Albany in 1867-68 and 1894, and in each of these bodies he was chosen vice-president. This last service closed the notably eminent political career of Mr. Alvord, and now at the age of eighty-five, living in retire ment, he bears the respect and esteem of all classes of citizens, whose public inter ests were long intrusted to his faithful hands. Throughout an active and useful life he has won laurels which distinguish him among his fellow men and honors that rest with peculiar brilliancy upon declining age. Mr. Alvord was married first in February, 1833, to Miss Amelia Ann Kellogg, daughter of Ashbel Kellogg of Salina, who died leaving one son, Elisha Alvord, now county judge of Otero county, Colorado. His second wife, whom he married in February, 1851, was Mrs. Charlotte M. Earll, by whom he has two children living, viz. . Mrs. Helen Lansing Cheney, who resides in the Alvord homestead in Syra cuse, and Thomas G. Alvord, jr., chief of the New York World newspaper bureau at Washington, D. C. WILLIAM K. PIERCE. William K. Pierce, president and general manager of the Pierce, Butler & Pierce Manufacturing Company of Syracuse, is a living representative of that class of young men of the present generation whose indomitable thrift, energy, excessive en- c 18 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. terprise, and general information combined with an unusual degree of good solid judgment, has placed his company far in the lead of enterprises of a similar nature in this country. He is the youngest son of the late Sylvester P. Pierce and Cornelia Marsh, his wife, and was born in Syracuse on the 11th of May, 1851. His paternal great-grandfather and great-great-grandfather were natives of Plainfield, Conn., and his great-great-grandmother was the first white child born in that town. His grandfather, Dr. Spaulding Pierce, settled in Sauquoit. Oneida county, N. Y., in 1796, and practiced medicine there until his death in 1824. His father, Sylvester P. Pierce, was born in Sauquoit on September 19, 1814, and at an early age became in terested in an active commercial life. In 1839 he came to Syracuse, entering at once upon an extensive business career. In 1849 he laid the foundation for the present Pierce, Butler & Pierce Manufacturing Company, of which he was president until his death, November 5, 1893, a position he also held in the Catchpole Manufacturing Company of Geneva, N. Y. William K. Pierce attended the public schools and afterwards a private school, where he was prepared for college, entering Cornell in the class of 1873 and pur suing his studies in the scientific course. In the completion of such studies his father suggested a European trip, which he quickly .embraced, remaining there nearly two years, studying the French and German languages, and at intervals ac cepting opportunities to travel and study' the people and see the wonders of the old world, all of which tended to broaden and expand his ideas and prepare him more thoroughly for a perfect business education. On his return from Europe he under took the law as a profession, registering and commencing study in one of the law offices in Syracuse. He studied but a short time, however, before deciding to give up law and devote his exertions to business enterprises, and entered the crockery house of S. P. Pierce & Sons, where he remained two or three years, acquiring a general business knowledge. In 1876 he formed a partnership with his father and brother- in-law, under the name of Pierce, Butler & Pierce, doing a general wholesale busi ness in gas, water and steam supplies, steam and sanitary engineering. By faithful and unremitting attention to business, he was able, with the assistance of his partners, largely to increase the business, and in 1886, owing to the retirement of Mr. Butler, he organized the Pierce, Butler & Pierce Manufacturing Company with a capital stock of $200,000; and a year or two later, having purchased the large foundry and machine shop at Geneva, N. Y. , there organized the Catchpole Manu facturing Company, with a capital stock of $100,000. Owing to the great success of these companies through careful management and in order to simplify the business, he brought about a consolidation of the two companies in 1890, under the name of the Pierce, Butler & Pierce Manufacturing Company, with a capital stock of $600,000, the company then doing a business of over $1,000,000 annually, having' built up this large and prosperous company since 1876, the first year having done but $50,000 worth of business. In 1882 he was one of the first who organized an electric light company in Syra cuse, this firm obtaining a franchise and introducing the first electric lights upon the streets and in commercial houses. Afterwards their franchise and electric light business was consolidated with the present Thomson-Houston Electric Light Com pany of Syracuse, this company having now assumed very large proportions from the simple beginning introduced here through Mr. Pierce and his associates. BIOGRAPHICAL. 19 In 1888, enthused with the idea of still further advancing the city's prosperity, he organized the Syracuse Heat and Power Company, with a capital stock of $200,000, this being accomplished almost entirely through his personal efforts. Mr. Pierce is the president of the company. The company furnishes heat and power to residences and business establishments, having obtained a valuable franchise from the city to conduct heat through mains placed in the different streets. This has proven a great convenience and meets with increasing popularity. Reognizing the many advantages to be derived from the consolidation of a num ber of large competitors in the same branch of business whereby a very large ex pense could be saved, Mr. Pierce in conjunction with other large competitive manufac turers, formed the American Boiler Company, they commencing business February 1, 1893, Mr. Pierce selling out his entire interest in their particular branch of the " Florida" steam and hot water business to the American Boiler Company, which was organized with a capital of 81,500,000, with William K. Pierce as president, with the main office at Chicago and branches in all of the largest cities of the United States. This company will do a business of nearly $1,000,000 annually, and its organ- zation is largely due to the enterprise and efforts of Mr. Pierce. Mr. Pierce has always been a conscientious worker and while greatly interested in politics has never found time to devote any personal attention to its intricacies. In 1880 he was appointed captain on the staff of Brigadier-General Hawley, and in 1882 was promoted to major on the staff of General Bruce. No young man has done more to develop Syracuse than William K. Pierce. He has always kept up with, and often been far in advance of the times, and with keen foresight has readily taken advantage of and embraced modern ideas for the ad vancement of whatever he became deeply interested in. He was married on June 10, 1880, to Miss Eleanor B. Rust, daughter of Stiles M. Rust of Syracuse. They have three children, two boys and a girl. CHARLES H. DUELL. Hon. Charles H. Duell is the eldest son of Hon. R. Holland and Mary L. (Cuy- ler) Duell and was born in Cortland, N. Y., April 13, 1850. Hon. R. Holland Duell was born in Warren, Herkimer county, in December, 1824, read law in Pompey with Daniel Gott and in Syracuse with Charles B. Sedgwick, and in 1847 settled in Cort land, where he served as district attorney from 1850 to 1856, county judge from 1855 to 1859, member of congress from 1859 to 1863 and from 1871 to 1875, U. S. assessor of internal revenue from 1869 to 1871, and commissioner of patents in 1875 and 1876. He maintained a large general law practice, with patent law as a specialty, and about January, 1877, opened also an office in New York city under the firm name of Duell, Wells & Duell, which he discontinued when his son, the junior member, re moved to Syracuse. He died in Cortland in February, 1891, widely respected and esteemed. Charles H. Duell was graduated from Cortlandville Academy in 1867 and from Hamilton College as A. M. in 1871, studied law in New York city with Hon. Elihu Root and at Hamilton College Law School, and received the degree of LL. B. from 20 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. that institution in 1872. In June of the same year he was admitted to the bar at Utica and during the next six months practiced his profession in Cortland. In De cember, 1872, he went to New York city and remained there until August, 1880, first in partnership with H. B. Tompkins, having a general practice, and later as the junior member of the patent law firm of Duell, Wells & Duell. While there he took an active part in politics, serving for several years as secretary of the Republican general committee. He was examiner in the U. S. Patent Office in 1875-76 and rep resented the 13th district of New York city in the Assembly in 1878 and 1880. As assemblyman he was a member of various important committees and introduced a bill providing for the appointment of a commission to revise the banking laws of the State. Upon Mr. Duell's request Gov. Alonzo B. Cornell appointed Hon. Willis S. Paine, later superintendent of the State Banking Department, as chairman, and Hon. George B. Sloan, of Oswego, as a member of this committee. Mr. Duell intro duced and carried through for the New York City Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, of which Henry Bergh was president, various acts relating to their humane work, and received from the New York society an engrossed resolution of thanks. He also introduced resolutions calling for facts respecting the appointment of referees and receivers in New York city which largely did away with the corrup tion that had become so evident. In August, 1880, Mr. Duell came to Syracuse, where he has since resided, and where he has devoted his attention exclusively to the practice of patent law. He has had charge of some of the most extensive patent litigation in this State, notably the spring-tooth harrow cases, involving hundreds of thousands of dollars and cover ing a period of over ten years. In these he was attorney for the National Harrow Company and other owners of spring-tooth harrows. He has also had charge of a large amount of electric heating patent litigation, and is attorney for the Klauder- Weldon Company (which controls all the important patents on dying raw stock yarn and knit garments), the National Casket Company, American Ball Nozzle Com pany, Porter Air Lighting Company, Consolidated Telegraph and News Company, and others. He is a trustee of the Onondaga County Savings Bank and is interested in and attorney for the Syracuse Specialty Manufacturing Company, the New Process Rawhide Company since its inception, and the American Electric Heating Corpora tion, of Boston, Mass., which controls substantially all patents on electric heating. He is also interested, both as attorney and director in the Carter-Crume Company, one of the largest industrial concerns in this country, having factories at Niagara Falls, N. Y., Dayton, Ohio, Saginaw, Mich., and Toronto, Can. Since coming to Syracuse Mr. Duell has given his time almost wholly to his extensive legal business. He has, however, attended as delegate several district and State political conven tions, and upon the inception of the new law school of Syracuse University in Sep tember, 1895, he was chosen lecturer on patent law. On November 20, 1879, Mr. Duell was married in Syracuse to Miss Harriet S., daughter of Hon. William A. Sackett, of Saratoga Springs, N. Y., formerly an attor ney and congressman from the Seneca County District and for ten years register in bankruptcy at Saratoga Springs. They have four children: Holland S., W. Sackett, Mary L., and Charles H. , jr. BIOGRAPHICAL. 21 JOHN NOTTINGHAM, M. D. John Nottingham is a son of the late Van Vleck Nottingham and Marie A. Williams, his wife, and was born on the homestead farm in the town of Dewitt, be tween Jamesville and Syracuse, October 28, 1846. Van Vleck, son of Jacob and Eleanor Nottingham, was born in Red Hook, Dutchess county, N. Y., November 25, 1814, removed with the family to Ulster county, and came'thence in 1833 to the farm in Dewitt of which the L. D. V. Smith tract is a part. In 1845 he married Miss Williams, of Canajoharie, formerly of Connecticut, and removing a mile and a half to the east settled upon the land which adjoins the present farm of his nephew, Jacob A. Nottingham. Here were born his six children: Henry D., of Pompey, formerly school commissioner; Dr. John, Edwin, William, and Thomas W., of Syracuse; and Frank, on the homestead. In 1887 Mr. Nottingham came to the city, where he died in January, 1896. He was a brother of Gorton and Abram Nottingham, Mrs. Elenora Van Wagenen, and Mrs. Calvin Colton, mother of Charles E. Colton, the architect. He was originally a Democrat, but staunchly ad hered to the principles of Republicanism after 1856, when he voted for John C. Fremont for president. He took a deep interest in agriculture, was president of the Onondaga County Farmer's club, and became an original member of the First M. E. church of Syracuse. In 1888 he was elected loan commissioner of Onondaga county and held that office until his death. He was a man of rugged honesty, up right in all his dealings, and his word was as good as his bond. Dr. Nottingham spent about two years in Falley and Cazenovia Seminaries, and then began the study of medicine in Paterson, N. J., with Dr. T. Y. Kinne, attend ing a course of lectures meanwhile at the New York Homoeopathic Medical College. He was graduated from the Hahnemann Medical College of Philadelphia on March 4, 1870, and immediately commenced the practice of medicine in partnership with his preceptor, Dr. Kinne, with whom he remained three years. He then went to Brooklyn and took charge of the Brooklyn Maternity, a position he held six months, and in the spring of 1877 settled permanently in Syracuse, where he has built up a large and successful practice. Dr. Nottingham is a member of the American Institute of Homoeopathy and the Onondaga County Homoeopathic Medical Society, and was one of the original in corporators of the new Syracuse Homoeopathic Hospital in December, 1895. He was made a Mason in Ivanhoe Lodge No. 88, F. & A. M., of Paterson, N. J., in 1867, and is now a member of Central City Lodge No. 305, Central City Chapter No. 70, and Central City Commandery No. 25, K. T. On the 1st of February, 1896, he was married to Mrs. E. A. Miller, of Syracuse. JOHN G. K. /TRUAIR. John G. K. Truair, for thirty-five years a respected citizen and prominent busi ness man of Syracuse, was born the son of a Presbyterian clergyman at Sherburne, Chenango county, N. Y. , May 11, 1817, and as a youth was educated with a view to the ministry. He became a member of the first Freshman class of Oberlin College, 22 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Ohio, which he entered in 1834, and was graduated from that institution with honors in 1838. Fifty years afterward he was one of the four surviving earliest graduates who participated in celebrating the semi-centennial anniversary of their alma mater, and one of these, President E. H. Fairchild of Berea College, died twenty-one days before the death of the subject of this sketch. After his graduation Mr. Truair en gaged in academic teaching in New York State and won high rank in the profession. He was principal of Gilbertsville Academy and Collegiate Institute in Otsego county for six years, of the Norwich Academy in Chenango county for two years, and of the Brockport Collegiate Institute in Monroe county for five years, and was also con nected with the Female College at Elmira for a time, In 1853-54 Mr. Truair made a tour of Europe and upon his return became a per manent resident of Syracuse, where in 1855he purchased the Syracuse Journal estab lishment, which had been conducted by his brother, Thomas S. In 1862 he asso ciated Hon. Carroll E. Smith, LL.D., and Edwin- Miles with him in conducting the paper and in 1870 Gen. Dwight H. Bruce was admitted to partnership under the firm name of Truair, Smith & Bruce. In 1885 the Journal passed into the ownership of a stock company and during the next three years Mr. Truair was its efficient busi ness manager. In May, 1889, he retired to private life and on the 23d of the follow ing November died suddenly at his home in Syracuse, leaving a widow, one daughter (Mrs. Charles G. Baldwin), and a brother (Thomas S. Truair), all of this city. His only son, George G. Truair, who for a quarter of a century was editorially connected with the Journal, died July 15, 1888. His father died while filling the Presbyterian pulpit in Fabius in 1843. Mr. Truair was a man of exceptional tastes and rare accomplishments, and throughout life bore an irreproachable reputation for honesty, integrity, and high moral character. As a student and teacher his work was crowned with rich success; in business and social affairs he won universal confidence and esteem ; and during a long and useful career his friendship, counsels, and assistance were widely sought and valued. Every one with whom he came into contact drew a wholesome influ ence from his sterling individuality, and many young men of his time owe much of their success to his generosity and encouragement. He achieved a high position, not only among his associates, but in the community, and filled every station in life with honor, ability, and distinction. As a publisher he exerted an elevating in fluence upon local journalism and literature, and himself was the author of numerous letters of travel and observation of more than ordinary interest. Engaging with eagerness and courage in the new sphere of activity, that of establishing a profitable newspaper and publishing enterprise, his efforts were crowned with gratifying suc cess, and he had the satisfaction of seeing the Journal steadily advance in favorwith the public, increasing rapidly its circulation and patronage, and widely extexnding its prestige and usefulness. He was always deeply interested in public affairs and a liberal promoter of relig ious, educational, and philanthropic movements. From 1855 until his death he was an active and a prominent member of the Park Presbyterian church and frequently its representative in general assembly. He was for many years secretary of the On ondaga County Bible Society, and the Pioneer Society of Central New York, and was also a member, vice-president, and president of the Board of Councillors of the Home Association. He never sought political preferment, but in 1861-62 and again BIOGRAPHICAL. 23 m 1864-65 he served as treasurer of the city, and besides all these was interested in various business enterprises. ALFRED HIGGINS. Conspicuous among the untiring and thorough business men of Syracuse is Alfred Higgins, who was born of English ancestry in Brewster, Barnstable county, Mass., March 31, 1830, his father, Samuel Higgins, being a seafaring man in capacities from cabin boy to commander of merchant vessels, In May, 1837, the family came to Syracuse, where Samuel Higgins engaged in various pursuits and lived an honor able life until his death in August, 1866. His wife, who also possessed high adorn ments of character, died suddenly on June 11, 1866, while attending communion service in the Park Presbyterian church. Alfred Higgins embraced such opportunities for acquiring an education as the times and his circumstances permitted, and after the age of fifteen he engaged in those pursuits that were adapted to his years until the winter of 1848-49, when he became sales agent for a tobacco house. Upon the completion of the Syracuse and Binghamton Railroad in 1854 he was appointed baggage and express agent in this city, a position he held until 1857, when he was assigned to the agency of the express office in Syracuse. At that time Wells, Butterfield & Co. were the proprietors of the business between New York and Buffalo, while Livingston & Fargo controlled the lines west of this State. In 1860 these companies were consolidated and Henry Wells was elected president. He was an excellent business man and an ardent ad mirer of Mr. Higgins's manner of conducting the office, and the people of Syracuse know how wisely he acted when he continued Mr. Higgins as local agent under the new company. The office was located in a building which stood on the site of the present White Memorial building, whence it was subsequently removed to the place now occupied by Loos, Kaufman & Co. , in Vanderbilt Square, and still later in the Kline building on the corner of West Washington and South Clinton streets. From there it was moved in 1895 to its present quarters in South Salina street, less than 100 feet south of its original location. When Mr. Higgins was first appointed express agent in Syracuse the city did not exceed 30,000 population, and the working force of the office consisted of four men and one horse. The contrast between this and the present equipment of thirty-four men and twenty horses is not only a striking one, but shows the wonderful develop ment of the business as well as the growth of the city. Mr. Higgins has been in continuous service of the American Express Company and its predecessors for forty years, and has constantly enjoyed the fullest confidence of his superiors, who have frequently manifested their appreciation of his valuable services by extending to him exceptional favors. His fidelity to his duties during all these years is a most worthy example for emulation, and it is not probable that an agent more popular with the public can be found on any express line. Mr. Higgins has never sought or desired political preferment, but in' obedience to the expressed wishes of his constituency he represented the Sixth ward, in which he lived fifty-one years, eight times in the Common Council, viz., in 1864, 1866, and 24 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1869, and from 1875 to 1879 inclusive. He fully sustained his reputation as an honest and fearless citizen and one possessed of public spirit and devotion to the best in terests of the community. He was appointed a member of the Board of Excise by Mayor Irving G. Vann and held that office three years. Public spirited and enter prising, Mr. Higgins has contributed materially to the growth and prosperity of the city by the excellent management of his agency and his personal efforts in various undertakings, having for their purpose the full development of the community. It may be truly said of him that no man in Syracuse has had a more busy life and it may safely be stated that none outranks him in the line of good citizenship. Of the family of six sons and two daughters of Samuel Higgins, who came to Syracuse in 1837, Alfred, the youngest son, alone survives. The late Col. Benjamin L. and Dr. S. M. were brothers of Alfred. CHARLES E. McCLARY, M. D. Charles E. McClary, M. D., was born in the town of Onondaga on April 29, 1862, and is a son of George H. and a grandson of John H. McClary, who was born in Dunbarton, N. H., in 1795, and married Mrs. Mary (Riddell) Clark, who was born in Coleraine, Mass., in 1800. John H. was one of the early settlers of Onondaga county, coming to the town of Onondaga with his brother David about 1820. He was a farmer, was well known throughout this section, was interested with E. D. Tefft in buying hops, and died aged seventy-nine. His wife's death occurred in 1875. Their sons were Charles W., on the homestead in Onondaga, and George H. of Cicero. The latter was born January 6, 1837, married, first, Lucy Ann Benton, of Oswego county, who died in 1869, leaving two children: Dr. Charles E. , of Syracuse, and Jennie E. (wife of Dr. E. F. Elbridge), of Grand Junction, Col. He married, second, Lucy Hoyt, daughter of David Hoyt, of Cicero, by whom he has three children: Robert R. , Josephine, and Gertrude. Dr. McClary was educated at Onondaga Academy, taught district school in his native town and in La Fayette one winter each, and read medicine in New London, Wis., with his brother-in-law, Dr. E. F. Eldridge. He attended lectures at Rush Medical College in Chicago and was graduated from that institution February 16, 1886. He practiced his profession with Dr. Eldridge one and one-half years and in Bay City, Mich., one year, and in May, 1889, came to Syracuse, where he has since resided, having an office and residence at No. 110 South avenue. Dr. McClary en joys an extensive general practice, which he has acquired by patient effort, careful attention, and that skill and knowledge commanding popular confidence. His edu cation was obtained wholly through his own exertions, his expenses being defrayed with the money earned in teaching and manual labor. The results, accomplished without assistance, are the results of personal endeavor and individual enterprise, and stamp him a self-made man. Dr. McClary served three years (prior to January, 1896), as county coroner's physi cian and in the fall of 1895 was elected school commissioner on the Republican ticket from the 13th Ward. He was a charter member of the Syracuse Academy of Medi cine, and is also a member of the Onondaga County Medical Society, Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A. M., and Prospect Lodge, No. 172, K. P. — t^XCc^ (^^h- Ct& BIOGRAPHICAL. 25 July 27, 1886, he was married to Miss Gertrude M., daughter of Zelotus Dick, of Bay City, Mich., formerly of Onondaga. She died February 10, 1890, leaving one son, Charles R., born October 28, 1888. April 19, 1893, Dr. McClary married, sec ond, Miss Susie E., daughter of George M. Finn, of H. Finn's Sons of Syracuse. D. MUNRO. The township of Camillus, embracing the present towns of Elbridge and Van Bu ren, was peopled mostly with settlers from New England. Among these, in the year 1799, only nine years later than the first white resident of the town, came David Munro, then a lad fourteen years old, born December 8, 1784, and fifth in the line of descent from John Munro, who emigrated from Scotland and settled in Massachu setts at an early period. David accompanied his father, Squire Munro, who had been a soldier in the Revo lutionary war, and who then in the prime of life, being forty-two years of age, came from New England, bringing with him his four sons, John, David, Nathan and Philip A. , all of them since well known throughout the county, and settled near where the village of Elbridge now stands. As David grew up to manhood, he developed into a large and powerful man, fully marked with the characteristic family traits of enterprise, untiring industry, econ omy and" self-reliance. In 1807 he was married to Abigail Carpenter, of the same town, and in 1808 he purchased a farm on lot number eighty, Camillus, and settled where Camillus village now stands, where only two frame houses were then erected. The country was then covered with forests, and Mr. Munro cleared up his farm, which was heavily timbered, doing much of the labor with his own hands. Here he resided for fifty-eight years, enlarging his farm by the purchase of adjacent lands from time to time. He died May 10, 1866, being over eighty years of age at the time of his decease, His wife was six years younger than himself, having been born De cember 3, 1790, and she survived him nearly two years. There were eight children born of the marriage, of whom six still survive, viz. John C. Munro, born October 17, 1809 ; James M. Munro, born November, 13, 1813 David A. Munro, born August 18, 1818 ; Mary A. , wife of Thomas W. Hill, of Elbridge Hannah, wife of Payne Bigelow, of Baldwinsville; and Lydia H., wife of David Porter, of Lysander. Mr. Munro carried on a large and very successful business in farming all the ear lier portion of his life, but the necessity of finding investments for the constantly in creasing results of his foresight, energy and economy, occupied the most of his attention m later years. He was the first postmaster in Camillus village, holding the office from 1811 to 1824, when he was succeeded by James R. Lawrence. He held the office of justice of the peace for many years, and was also one of the associ ate judges of the Court of Common Pleas for a long time, becoming familiarly known to the people of the county as Judge Munro, by which title he was commonly called. He was a member of the State Legislature in 1818, 1819, 1822, 1836, 1841, and again in 1842. d 26 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. He was also a member of the convention which framed the third Constitution of the State in 1846. He was a leading director in, and for a long time president of the old Bank of Salina. He was also an influential director in the Salt Springs Bank from its incorporation to the time of his decease— an excellent portrait of him being engraved on the bills issued by that bank. There was no business enterprise with which he was connected which he did not inspire with the spirit of success. He was constantly in contact with the leading minds of the county, and although his early education was limited, his strong native sense, natural dignity of presence, and the innate force of his character, never failed to make due impression on every one he met. In person he was tall, of full habit, and corpulent in later life — hardy to the last degree, riding or driving barehanded in the coldest weather, and he never post poned a business engagement on account of storms or railroads. Mr. Munro's manner of address was courteous but impressive, and his knowledge of the men and events of the day was unsurpassed. REUBEN C. HANCHETT, M.D. Reuben Caldwell Hanchett, M. D., son of George Mark and Eva A. (Caldwell) Hanchett, was born on a farm in the town of Palermo, Oswego county, N. Y., March 8, 1862. His grandfather, Reuben Tuttle Hanchett, came from Connecticut to that locality among the earliest pioneers. Reuben T. married Maria Sheldon, and for about twenty years officiated as justice of the peace. His maternal grandfather, Captain Tuttle, was an officer in the Revolutionary war, in which struggle Mrs. George M. Hanchett's maternal grandfather, Mr. Baum, also participated; her father was a native of Scotland, but on account of religious persecution fled to Ireland, whence he finally came to America. Dr. Hanchett was educated in the public schools of his native town and at Cen tral Square, and finished with a commercial course at Meads's Business College in Syracuse. In 1881 he entered the medical department of Syracuse University and was graduated from that institution with the degree of M. D. June 12, 1884, receiv ing first honors for scholarship. He then went to London, England, where he took special courses. in general surgery and pathology in St. Thomas's Hospital, remain ing there twelve months. There he acquired a practical as well as varied knowledge of surgical operations and perfected himself in this important profession. Return ing to America he at once began the practice of medicine and surgery in Syracuse, and in October, 1885, was appointed lecturer in physiology in the Medical College of Syracuse University. Three years later he was made lecturer on materia medica, a position he has since held. Meanwhile he has continued in the general practice of his profession, and is one of the leading physicians and surgeons in the city. He is a member of the Onondaga County Medical Society and a charter member of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine, and is also a member of Syracuse Lodge No. 501, F. & A. M., and all the Masonic bodies to the 32° Scottish Rite. In November, 1895, he was elected school commissioner from the Eighteenth ward and is a member of the executive committee of the Board of Education. Dr. Hanchett has been twice married, and by his first wife has one daughter, BIOGRAPHICAL. 27 Elizabeth. September 5, 1894, he married Mattie Viola, daughter of Alonzo Skinner and a native of Ithaca, N. Y. She has one daughter, Geraldine, by her first mar riage. LEONARD A. SAXER, M. D. Leonard A. Saxer, president of the Board of Education of Syracuse, is the only son of Dr. Leonard and Dr. Mary V. (Adams) Saxer, and was born in Lockport, Ni agara county, N. Y., October 30, 1856. Dr. Leonard was born 'in Switzerland in 1826, studied medicine in Zurich and was graduated from the University of Munich, and came to America in 1847. He settled in Syracuse, and excepting three years spent in Lockport remained here in the active practice of his profession until his death in March, 1876. He had a large and successful professional business, and served one term as school commissioner. His wife was a native of New York city, and after his death entered the Medical College of Syracuse University, from which she was graduated as M. D. , in June. 1878. Since then she has practiced her profes sion in this city. Their only daughter, Mrs. Arabella. Listman, died in Decembber, 1895. A few days after her graduation Mrs. Dr. Saxer married for her second hus band Dr. Frederick Glauner, who was killed in a railroad accident at Romulus, N.Y., in 1879. Dr. Leonard A. Saxer, when one year old, removed with his parents to Syracuse, where he has ever since resided. He attended the public schools of this city, and was graduated from the Medical College of the Syracuse University with the degree of M. D. in 1882, since which time he has almost uninterruptedly followed his chosen profession. In 1883 he spent some time in the New York Polyclinic College and Hospital and in 1892 he took special courses in medicine in the hospitals of Vienna, Austria. He was a charter member of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine and an original fellow of the New York State Medical Association, and is a member of the Onondaga County Medical Society. In 1888 he went as a delegate from the State Medical Association to the tenth Medical Congress in Berlin. He is also a promi nent member of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A, M., Central City Chapter, No. 70, R. A. M., Central City Commandery, No. 25, K. T., and Lincoln Lodge, No. 180, I. O. O. F. Dr. Saxer has for several years taken an active interest in politics. He is a staunch Republican, and in 1891 was elected' to the Board of Education from the old Second (now Sixteenth) ward, and has been re-elected at the expiration of each term. In January, 1896, after a long and exciting contest under a Democratic administration, headed by Mayor James K. McGuire, he was chosen president of the board by a flattering vote. As school commissioner he has served with signal ability and won the confidence and respect of all classes of citizens. His work on the board has been characterized as representing the best interests of not only his constituents, but the city at large. On the 2d of April, 1884, Dr. Saxer married Miss Nettie B. Worth, of Canastota, and they have one daughter, Genevieve Henrietta. Their only son, Leonard W., died March 16, 1892, aged six years and eleven months. Dr. Saxer lived and had his 28 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. office at No. 514 Prospect Avenue, 16th Ward, until the spring of 1896, when he moved to his present home at No. 305 James street. CHARLES NICHOLS. Charles Nichols was born in the town of Pompey, near Oran, Onondaga county, July 27, 1816, and was the youngest son by the second wife of Major Browning Nichols, who came to this section of the State from Rhode Island at a very early day. Major Nichols was commissioned captain of militia in East Greenwich, Kent county, R. I., September 12, 1796, and later became major. He died in Pompey in 1836. Charles Nichols was reared on a farm and received his education in the district school at Oran. After his father's death he was employed for a short time in the tobacco works of D. O. Salmon, of Syracuse, and later found employment as fore man on the Erie Canal-enlargement along the Jordan level. Afterward he went to Massachusetts and built by contract the railroads between Salem and Gloucester and from Lawrence to Manchester. Completing these lines he built the old Ohio and Marietta Railroad in Ohio and subsequently had important contracts on the Erie and Black River Canals in this State. He also constructed the four-track line of the New York Central between Rome and Herkimer and in company with Dr. Henry D. Denison built the De Ruyter reservoir in Madison county, besides many other notable structures. In several of these various undertakings he was associated with Horace and Daniel Candee and also with his son John A. In 1867 Mr. Nichols assisted in organizing the Delano Iron Works Company, of which he was elected the first presi dent and served in that capacity for five years. This corporation carried on an ex tensive and successful business in the establishment now operated by the Syracuse Tube Company. He was also interested in the manufacture of salt, being connected with two large companies engaged in that enterprise, and during the latter years of his life devoted his time mainly to the management of his farm just east of the city in Dewitt and to his extensive and varied investments. He died at his home on James street in Syracuse on the 16th of October, 1887. Mr. Nichols was a man of retiring disposition, but keenly alive to the best interests of the entire community. He began life without a dollar and with no means save great energy, untiring activity, and indomitable perseverance, yet he succeeded in accumulating a fine competency as the result of personal application and self- reliance. He was emphatically a self-made man, and throughout a wide section was held in high esteem. His success was due in large measure to frugality and superior business qualifications as well as to great force of character and unswerving in tegrity. In politics he was a Democrat of the Jeffersonian school, but never sought nor held public office. He was an almost unerring judge of real estate values. Every movement which promised general benefit found in him a firm friend and a cheerful supporter. November 14, 1847, Mr. Nichols was married at Gloucester, Mass., to Miss Lucy Ann Porter, who died May 28, 1876, aged forty-eight years. Their only son and child, Hon. John A. Nichols, was born September 13, 1848, occupies the homestead and served as State senator from the 25th district in 1892-93. ---jftfKn oa-A^tu^ BIOGRAPHICAL. 29 GEORGE T. CAMPBELL, M. D. George Truman Campbell, M.D., was born in Camillus, October 13, 1826. He studied medicine, graduating from the Buffalo University February 26, 1851, and for several years practiced his profession in South Butler, Wayne county. In April, 1858, he removed to Skaneateles and for many years carried on a drug store in addi tion to his practice. In 1885 he sold out his drug business and devoted himself en tirely to the practice of medicine, until failing health compelled him to retire. Dr. Campbell was married twice, his first wife dying in 1865, and in 1868 he married again. Besides being a physician of note, Dr. Campbell was a representative citizen, having been president of the Onondaga County Medical Society for several terms, supervisor of the town, and for many years a member and president of the Board of Education in Skaneateles. He died in Skaneateles, February 11, 1882. DR. FRANK WILLIAM MARLOW. Dr. Frank William Marlo w, son of William Marlow, a banker, and Bertha Searle, his wife, was born in Abington, Berkshire, England, July 2, 1858, and received a private school education at Wantage in his native country. Evincing an inclination for professional life he entered St. Thomas's Hospital Medical School in London in 1876. As a student he was clinical clerk to Dr. Charles Murchison until the latter's death and later under Mr. Nettleship in the eye department. In 1880 he became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England and also a licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries of London. During the next four years he held various ap pointments, notably clinical assistant in the Royal Bethlem Hospital, house surgeon and house physician in St. Thomas's Hospital, house surgeon in the Victoria Hospi tal for children at Chelsea, temporary resident medical officer at the Queen Square Hospital for Paralyzed and Epileptic, and finally ophthalmic assistant at St. Thomas's Hospital and clinical assistant at the Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital, Moorfields, to Mr. Nettleship for a period of eighteen months. After a short interval, which was partly filled by acting as house surgeon in the Moorfields Hospital, Dr. Marlow came in September, 1884, to America and settled in Syracuse, where he has since resided. For a time he followed his profession both as an oculist and aurist, but since 1891 has devoted his attention wholly to ophthalmic work. In June, 1885, he obtained, by examination, the degree of M. D., from the Medical College of Syracuse University, and in the following year was made instruc tor in Ophthalmology and Otology in that institution. In 1888 he received the pro fessorship in those branches, which he still holds. He has also served as librarian of the medical department for several years. He is ophthalmologist to the House of the Good Shepherd, Woman's and Children's Hospital, Syracuse Free Dispensary, State Institution for Feeble Minded, and Onondaga County Orphan Asylum, a mem ber of the American Ophthalmological Society, the Ophthalmological Society of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the New York State and Onon daga County Medical Societies, and a charter member of the Syracuse Academy of 30 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Medicine. Dr. Marlow has contributed occasional technical articles to medical jour nals at home and abroad, on subjects relating to ophthalmology. September 24, 1889, Dr. Marlow was married to Miss Laura Bisset Mills, daughter of Frederick J. Mills, of San Francisco, formerly of Brandeston Hall, Suffolk, Eng land. They have three children : Searle Bisset, John Mills, and Juliet. HENRY N. BURHANS. Col. Henry N. Burhans, son of Daniel and Nancy (Carpenter) Burhans, was born in the town of Dewitt, Onondaga county, N. Y., October 12, 1839, and received his education in the district schools, at the Fayetteville Union School, and at the Carey Collegiate Institute in Caryville! N. Y. His early life was not unlike that of other young men of his day, being spent mainly in acquiring substantial knowledge and a thorough business training. On the 18th of September, 1862, when less than twenty- three years of age, he was mustered into the service of the United States as first lieutenant of Co. F, 149th N. Y. Vol. Inf., his commission, dated October 4, to rank from September 8 of that year. Novembr 24, 1862, he was promoted captain with rank from October 21, and on May 11, 1865, hs was commissioned major. On June 7, 1865, he was commissioned lieutenant-colonel to rank from June 11, but was not mustered, being instead brevetted colonel and mustered out of service as major June 12, 1865. About August 22, 1864, he was detached as judge advocate on the staff of General Geary at Atlanta and assigned to duty as provost-marshal at Savan nah. In the absence of Major Grumbach he commanded the regiment as captain from Savannah to Goldsboro. Colonel Burhans experienced nearly three years of active service, participated in all the battles and skirmishes in which his regiment was engaged, and was honorably discharged at the close of that sanguinary war. Returning to Onondaga county he was admitted as member of the firm of Bur hans, Blanchard & Co., lumber manufacturers and dealers, of Fayetteville, and in 1874 purchased their builders' supply house in Syracuse, which in 1876 was merged into Burhans & Black and later into Burhans & Black Company. This is one of the largest hardware establishments in the city, and for many years has been widely and favorably known, its principal headquarters being in North Salina street. Its success is largely due to the personal efforts of Mr. Burhans, who is a representative business man of great energy, enterprise, and recognized ability. In social and fraternal as well as in commercial circles he enjoys a foremost posi tion among the leading men of the community. He is a prominent member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders and past commander of Post Root G. A. R. June 11, 1861, he was married to Miss Sarah J. Blanchard, daughter of Orlo D. and Mar- netta Blanchard, of Fayetteville, and they have three children : Jennie B. (Mrs. Ed ward Hunt), Orlo D., and Harry N. fokfiurl G^lA^? BIOGRAPHICAL. 31 FRANK B. MILLS. Frank B. Mills, was born in the town of Marcellus, Onondaga county, August 3, 1866, and is a son of George C. (see sketch on subsequent pages) and Eliza Mills, who reside on a fine farm at Rose Hill, in the southern part of the town. His early life was passed on the homestead, where he developed a decided inclination for pro ducing and classifying the seeds of various plants and vegetables, at which he be came an expert while yet a mere lad. His spare time from work and school was spent in the garden, where he thoroughly familiarized himself with every plant that chanced to meet his notice. By the time he had finished his education he had ac quired a wide and practical knowledge of almost every seed grown, not only in this country, but in the world, and he at once determined to apply that knowledge to production and distribution. This proved to be the beginning of a business scarcely equaled elsewhere in the State, a business, in fact, that ranks high among the largest concerns of the kind in the country. He had become the possessor of a small hand printing press capable of printing an ordinary page at each impression, and with this, at the age of less than twenty-one, he began, in 1887, to print his first catalogue. He did all the work alone, from setting the type to mailing the modest book, of which about 3,000 copies were issued and sent out. During that year he secured 118 customers. From this small commencement the business has steadily and rapidly increased in volume and extent until it now forms one of the largest and most com plete establishments of its character in the United States. He has now over 400,- 000 customers, whose orders come from every habitable part of the globe — from Can ada, South America, and Europe, from Asia, Africa, New Zealand, and Australia, — requiring about half a million catalogues annually for distribution. Mr. Mills has a number of large and convenient buildings and several greenhouses devoted ex clusively to the business, and all have been erected within the last four or five years. To these and especially to the greenhouses he is constantly adding; each year is in creasing the extent and magnitude of an already mammoth concern. He has a large seed farm, of which several acres are devoted entirely to testing every variety of seed he sells, and nothing is shipped away until it is thoroughly tried and fully equals every requirement. In this way Mr. Mills has established a name and busi ness which ranks him among the few great seedsmen of the United States. It is doubtful if a concern of equal magnitude has ever sprung into existence in the short time in which his has been prosecuted, and all this is due to the indomitable energy, the systematic methods, and the close personal supervision of the proprietor. He is the founder of a business of which not only Onondaga county but the State of New York may be well proud. As an auxiliary to his adopted calling, and as a means of disseminating valuable and practical knowledge among the thousands of gardeners and horticulturists throughout the country, Mr. Mills established in December, 1894, an illustrated monthly entitled "Success with the Garden," which has begun what promises to be an auspicious career. His is strictly a mail-order business, and its requirements were such that the government, on November 5, 1895, established Rose Hill post-office with F. B. Mills as postmaster. He resigned this position in 1892, and was succeeded by his brother William E. Mills. His residence, the finest in the town and one of the handsomest in the county, was completed in 1893, and with all his other buildings is pleasantly located on Fairview Farm at Rose Hill in the south 32 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. part of Marcellus. Mr. Mills was married, June 16, 1892, to Miss Grace Ackles, daughter of Samuel Ackles, of Spafford. MAURICE A. GRAVES. Maurice A. Graves is a son of Abial S. and Elizabeth (Brockett) Graves, a grand son of Benjamin and Mary (Stark) Graves, and a great-grandson of Elijah Graves, who served six years in the Revolutionary war, enlisting from Connecticut. The family came from England, where many of its members were connected with the royal army and navy. Benjamin Graves, whose wife was a cousin of Mary Stark of Bennington fame, came on foot from Connecticut to Westmoreland, Oneida county, N. Y., but soon returned east, brought back a yoke of oxen, and settled there at a very early day. He made frequent trips to Salt Point when the site of Syracuse was largely a swamp, and died March 23, 1868, aged eighty-four. Of his eight chil dren Abial S. , now of Camden, lived in Westmoreland during his active life. His wife's father, Eli Brockett, came from Connecticut to Herkimer county, served as captain at Sackett's Harbor in the war of 1812, and died in August, 1871, aged eighty- five. Maurice A. Graves was born in Westmoreland, N. Y. , April 23, 1846, received a district school education in his native town, and came to Syracuse in September, 1865. He was bookkeeper for the old Fourth National Bank and for the wholesale tea and coffee house of F. H. Loomis three years each, and afterward occupied various responsible positions. In 1875 he became a bookkeeper for John Crouse & Co., the largest wholesale grocery establishment in Central New York, and six months later was made financial manager, having entire charge of the collecting department, a position he held till the firm went out of business in February, 1887. He continued as confidential man to John and-D. Edgar Crouse till the former's death June 25, 1889, and then remained in the same capacity with D. Edgar until his death November 10, 1892. Meanwhile Mr. Graves closed up the estate of John J. Crouse, the business of John Crouse & Co., and the estate of the late John Crouse, all involving extensive interests in Syracuse and elsewhere. D. Edgar Crouse, by his will, appointed him one of his executors, and early in 1893 Mr. Graves com menced, with Jacob A. Nottingham, the settlement of that well known estate, to which he has since largely given his attention. He is also interested in various business enterprises. He was one of the originators in 1892 of the Cosmopolitan Building and Loan Association and has ever since been the treasurer and a director of that successful concern. He was also one of the projectors of the Manufacturers' Lloyds (fire insurance) of New York. In 1895 he purchased of the George F. Com stock estate the Comstock farm of 105 acres, lying just east of the University, and laid out a large part of it into building lots, a number of which are already sold. This tract is known as University Heights, and is one of the largest pieces of city real estate which one man alone ever attempted to develop. Here, on the most ele vated point, Mr. Graves erected in 1895 a handsome dwelling, in which will be stored his valuable library of about 2,000 volumes, many of them very rare and ob tained at great expense. c^. BIOGRAPHICAL. 33 Mr. Graves has never sought political office, but his public spirit and patriotism led him on September 8, 1862, to enlist in Co. I, 81st N. Y. Vols. , in which he served until December, 1864, when he was transferred to Co. I, 10th Vet. Reserve Corps, which was stationed in Washington during the last year of the Rebellion, guard ing the White House, War Department, and other public buildings. He was present at Lincoln's second inauguration, took an active part in the exciting scenes attending the President's assassination, and has in his possession the drum that sounded the call for the first troops on that occasion. He also participated in the funeral obsequies and in other events, including the grand review, when he was sta tioned with his drum corps opposite the grand stand to salute the regimental colors as they passed. He was honorably discharged July 26, 1865, and since September of that year has resided in Syracuse, where he has taken an active part in church and missionary work. He was for many years a deacon and trustee of the Dutch Reformed Church in James street, and for some time was engaged in Sunday school mission work in connection with the Young Men's Christian Association. About 1882 he was elected superintendent of Rose Hill Mission (Sunday school) and con tinued in that capacity for twelve years. In 1886 this mission was reorganized into the Westminster Presbyterian church, largely through the zealous labors of Mr. Graves, who was elected one of the first trustees, a position he held some time. He has also been an elder in that church during the past ten years. He was for several years a member of Syracuse Presbytery, and in 1894 was elected a delegate to the general assembly held at Saratoga. He is a member of the Citizens' Club, Post Root G. A. R., Syracuse Lodge No. 501, F. and A. M., and Central City Chapter, No. 70, R. A. M. January 17, 1872, Mr. Graves married Miss Christina, daughter of Philetus Reed, of Syracuse, and they have three children: Nathan R., Alice R., and Helen B. JOHN J. MOORE, M. D. John Jay Moore, M. D. , son of Apolos and Frances (Reed) Moore, was born in Stittsville, Oneida county, N. Y., on the 21st of October, 1861. His mother died in 1871, leaving two other children : Clarence H. and Jennie (since deceased). In 1872 the father moved with the family to the town of Manlius, Onondaga county, where he spent the remainder of his life, dying in September, 1892, at the age of sixty- four years. Dr. John Jay Moore, the subject of this sketch, was reared upon the paternal farm and finished his literary education in the academy at West Winfield, N. Y. , from which he was graduated in 1875. He inherited those sterling characteristics which distinguished both his father and mother, and early manifested a strong in clination for a professional career. Deciding upon medicine as being peculiarly suited to his tastes he entered the medical department of the University of New York City, and was graduated from that institution with the degree of M.D. in 1882. Immediately afterward he established himself in the practice of his profession in Syracuse, where he has since resided. Dr. Moore has met with unvarying success in his chosen calling, and very soon E 34 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. after his graduation took a prominent position among his fellow practitioners in the city. Imbued with an innate love and zeal for his profession, and endowed with those traits of character that mark the successful man, he has built up a large and remunerative professional business and won a warm place in the affections of his patients. He has always taken a lively interest in public and municipal affairs. He served one term as school commissioner of the Sixth ward and is now completing his second term in that office from the Eighteenth ward. He was a charter member of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine and is also a prominent member of the Onon daga County Medical Society and of Syracuse Lodge No. 501, F. & A. M. Dr. Moore was married in February, 1882, to Miss Emma I. Bethel, daughter of John Bethel, of Syracuse. They have one son, H. Reed Moore, born July 31, 1892. IGNATIUS SAWMILLER. Hon. Ignatius Sawmiller is a native of Germany. He was born at Donaurieden, a place situated near the Danube River, and about five miles distant from the city of Ulm, in the Kingdom of Wurtemburg, May 20, 1844. The first ten years of his life were spent by the blue waters of that river, famous in history and song. At ten years of age he came with his parents to this country, and with them cast his lot in Syracuse. What the possibilities of the new world were for achieving success he knew not, and although his parents were not so circumstanced as to afford large aid in the way of money, yet they had endowed him with something infinitely better, a sturdy character and a well balanced head. Both of these have been potent elements in working out a success against many obstacles. His life in this country began with the struggle for self-maintenance, so he set about doing whatever he could find to do in various kinds of labor. Therefore his opportunities for acquiring an educa tion were necessarily limited; but he made good use of the time he could spare in winter to attend school. At eighteen he took a course in the old Bryant & Stratton Business College, which was then the leading institution of its kind in the State. His evenings subsequently were spent in the office of Mr. A. L. Mason in Syracuse, where he received much valuable training to supplement and put into use the theories taught during his business* education. He spent several years as a worker in the salt fields around Syracuse, until in 1868, he had by industry accumulated a suffi cient amount of money to engage in the manufacture of that product for himself. In 1876 he entered into copartnership with A. L. Mason under the firm name of Mason & Sawmiller for the manufacture of salt, and two years later they added to this the ice business. In 1882 Mr. Sawmiller abandoned the salt industry and Mr. Mason in 1884 retired from the ice trade, thus terminating the partnership. Mr. Mason was at once succeeded by John Sawmiller, and the firm then became Sawmiller Brothers. In 1888 they engaged also in the coal business, establishing a plant and opening an office near their ice houses on the Liverpool road, adjacent to the city. Mr. John Sawmiller some time ago retired from the firm, Ignatius now carrying on the business alone, but that is still the headquarters and distributing point for both ice and coal. Mr. Sawmiller has a large trade in these lines, and the ice business, being, too, one of the most extensive in the city, was built up against an opposition IGNATIUS SAWMILLER. BIOGRAPHICAL. 35 that would have disheartened any man not possessing the courage and business energy of Ignatius Sawmiller. Back in the sixties Mr. Sawmiller was active in the volunteer fire department of Syracuse serving in various capacities, having acted as treasurer of No. 4 in 1866 and of the reorganized No. 2 in 1867-68. In the meanwBile he had taken a deep interest in political matters, and as a Re publican had attained considerable influence in the party affairs in the town of Salina, where he resides. So favorably was he regarded by the citizens of that town that in 1885 they urged upon him the nomination for member of the Board of Super visors of Onondaga county. He finally accepted the nomination and was elected by a surprising majority. The members upon assembling that year found in Ignatius Sawmiller a man of metal, 'of well developed ideas and the courage to stand by them. When the machine began its work in the board it found a Marius in its camp, for Mr. Sawmiller had notions of what was right and for the best interest of his town and county. The board then stood fourteen Republicans and thirteen Democrats, so Mr. Sawmiller, by his independent position, held the controlling power. This was wielded to good effect that year in the appointment of a super intendent of the penitentiary, for the candidate of his naming was finally chosen against an objectionable candidate of the machine. This action on his part, of course, incurred the ill nature of machine Republicans, but Mr. Sawmiller's constituents were pleased and the whole county came in consequence to regard him with much favor. The board honored him that year with the chairmanship of the committee on sheriff's accounts. The Republicans of Salina were so well satisfied with his course that they returned him for four more consecutive terms, during which years he held chairmanships of committees on erroneous assessments, on county buildings and member of the committee on ways and means. Had it not been for his desire to conserve the best interests of the party and to avoid engendering contention he could have been in 1888 chairman of the Board of Supervisors. By his earnest conscientious work of years Mr. Sawmiller had succeeded in changing his town of Salina from a nominal majority of one hundred for the Democratic party to one hundred and fifty majority for the Republicans. During his course in the board a prominent German newspaper of Syracuse saw fit to speak of him in the following terms: " The German people of this county may congratulate themselves upon the posses sion, in the person of Ignatius Sawmiller of Salina, of a representative in the Board of Supervisors who not only knows how to watch over the interests of his constitu ents in the narrow sense of the term, but who also takes pride in doing his German fellow citizens a favor when occasion offers, and in standing up boldly for their rights." It said further, after his action in the board in reference to printing the supervisors' reports: " Representatives of Mr. Sawmiller's stamp are only too seldom met with here. Men like him should be sitting not in the Board of Supervisors, but in the Legislature with ample opportunities for advancing German interests "in general, and for breaking a lance in behalf of individual liberty and equality." As a result of his popularity growing out of a five years' service in the Board of Supervisors, he was in 1889 nominated and elected to the Assembly from his dristrict by over 2,400 majority, a result unparalleled in the district. The liberal element 36 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. both in his party and the others aided largely in the splendid victory. The following year the machine Republicans set about to defeat his nomination, and failing in this, to prevent his re-election. But in spite of this the people returned him by about 1,600 majority. > The position Mr. Sawmiller took in the Assembly in reference to high license again brought him into prominence, for his liberal ideas on those matters met with much spirited opposition from many of his party leaders. He opposed high license, for, as he stated on the floor, there was a law already enacted fixing the license charge as high as $250. Since this law was inoperative why pass another one of the same kind? The wisdom of his action in this matter developed later for at the Repub lican State convention in Rochester in 1892 a resolution was passed by the Republi cans embodying the principle as that put forth by Mr. Sawmiller. Having returned from the Assembly with a creditable record and increased popu larity, Mr. Sawmiller was urged in 1891 to become the candidate of his party for the office of sheriff. After due consideration and assurance of cordial support by the faction, of which he was one of the best workers, he consented to enter the field ; but his evident strength and popularity so aroused the old machine that every means was resorted to compass his defeat in the nominating convention. At the outset the convention stood in his favor, yet when the result was ascertained a combination of factions had nominated a machine man. A prominent leader who had given him promise of support could doubtless explain the reason of this. The treachery played at that time lost the Republicans of Onondaga county two members of assembly and a State senator, and was the means later of losing for this State a United States senator. In 1894 the people of the county still looked to Mr. Saw miller to again become the candidate for the office of sheriff, but he was too shrewd to fall a victim to the old machine, for at once realizing that the desires of the people in the matter were of no avail he stepped aside and permitted the ring element to act its own sweet will. Mr. Sawmiller is now applying his energies to his business interests, endeavoring to recoup himself somewhat for the money and valu able time spent in furthering the interests of the party, Mr. Sawmiller married, in 1868, Miss Josephine Sax, of Syracuse. They are mem bers of the Church of the Assumption on North Salina street. DAVID. A. MUNRO, Jr. David Allen Munro, Jr., was born at Camillus, Onondaga county, November 15, 1844. He was the first in a family of four sons, three of whom are now living in Camillus. His father, David A. Munro, is also a native of that town. David Munro, grandfather of the subject of this sketch and father of David A. Munro, came to Camillus in the early history of the town and county. He was one of the foremost men in that part of Onondaga county, occupying a prominent place in the progress and development of the community. He accumulated a large estate, a liberal amount of which was devoted to various worthy objects. David A. Munro has, too, been one of the most successful business men in Onondaga county. He has for many years been interested in important enterprises that have required DAVID ALLEN MUNRO, Jr. BIOGRAPHICAL. 37 keen judgment and financial ability in their management. He is still actively in terested in business matters besides keeping in touch with the affairs material to the advancement of his native town. David Munro married for his first wife Mary Jane Hill, daughter of Deacon Hill, by whom he had the four sons referred to. David Allen Munro, jr. , was raised in Camillus and received his education there and at the Munro Collegiate Institute at Elbridge. After graduating in 1862, being then only seventeen years of age, he enlisted in the 122d N. Y.Vols. On account of his valiant acts and military proficiency he was soon promoted to first lieutenant and afterwards to aide-de-camp to Colonel Hyde, serving in that position to the close of the war. He participated in many of the important battles of the Rebellion, in one of which (the battle of the Wilderness) he received a gunshot wound. Mr. Munro was not endowed with a robust constitution, consequently he never en joyed vigorous health to a degree that enabled him to engage in business pursuits unmindful of his health, yet he was actively interested in various industries, chief among them being that of agriculture. He owned and superintended several large farms in the vicinity of Camillus. Through inheritance and careful management he accumulated a large estate, consisting of realty and other holdings. Mr. Munro possessed those qualities of mind and heart that insured for him the highest respect and esteem of all who ever had the pleasure of his acquaintance. He was kind, thoughtful and generous in spirit, while his integrity remained unspotted throughout his life. His social and domestic relations were the embodiment of honor and Chris tian uprightness. In 1866 Mr. Munro married Ida J. Stickle, who died in 1875. Two years later he married Emma E. Brown, a native of Geneseo, 111., born in 1852. She was a daugh ter of Frederick P. and Harriet Bennett Brown of Elbridge. Frederick P. Brown was a son of Squire M. Brown, one of the earliest settlers of that town. Frederick P. Brown in 1852 went to Illinois and remained there till his death in 1889. His wife is now living in Iowa. In his political faith David Allen Munro, jr., was as sincere and honest as he was in the tenets of his church. He was a Republican because he believed in its prin ciples, and lent his time, money and influence to advance its interests. In 1892, after being repeatedly urged so to do by the leaders in the party, he accepted the nomination for member of assembly in his district. Except for an error in the ballots, which was taken advantage of by the opposition party, he would have been elected by a splendid majority. As it was he was counted out and thus robbed of the honor which his many friends and constituents had desired to confer upon him. Increasing ill-health began to make inroads upon his constitution in 1894, and on May 6, 1895, after a brave struggle against a fatal malady, he died. He is survived by his wife and two sons: Harry A., aged thirteen; and David Allen, aged eleven. HENRY L. DUGUID. Henry Lyman Duguid was born in the town of Pompey, Onondaga county, De cember 25, 1832. His paternal grandfather, John Duguid, came to America from 38 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Aberdeen, Scotland, to engage in business, near the close of the last century, and later married Eunice Day. His father, William Duguid, was among the many early settlers of Pompey whose industry, thrift, and sterling worth have contributed to give to that town an enviable name. William married for his second wife Miss Eve line Van Buren, a sister of Harmon W. Van Buren, of Syracuse, and daughter of Peter Van Buren, a sturdy Mohawk Dutchman from Kinderhook, and Elizabeth Upham, his wife, of good New England stock. Henry passed his boyhood in the wholesome atmosphere of a, Christian home and there laid the foundation of a character that is worthy of emulation in every respect. He attended the district schools and Pompey Academy, and in 1856 was graduated with honor from Hamilton College, where, besides his regular collegiate course, he read law during his junior and senior years under Prof. Theodore W. Dwight. In 1856 he entered the law office of Hon. Daniel Gott, at Syracuse, and later the office of Judge J. M. Woolworth of Omaha, Neb. , and was admitted to the bar at Council Bluffs, Iowa, in 1857. In 1858 he returned to Onondaga county, and on January 5, 1859, was married to Miss Harriet Eliza Wells, only daughter of John Sellew Wells and Mary Hinsdell, his wife, both of Pompey. Her ancestors were all residents of Onondaga. Her paternal grandfather, Elijah Wells, with his wife, Lucy Sellew, came to Pompey in 1799 from Glastonbury, Conn. Her maternal grandfather, Moses Hinsdell and wife, Rachel Hibbard, daughter of Leah Cronkite Hibbard, 'passed their lives at their home between Jamesville and Pompey. In 1859 Mr. Duguid settled in Syracuse, where he ever afterward resided. Mr. Duguid never began the practice of law, but found business opportunities opening to him which appeared more to his tastes and in which he achieved unusual success. In 1845 Pope & Dawson started the first saddlery hardware establishment in Syracuse, and under various firms it attained a high reputation in business circles. In 1858 Mr. Duguid became associated with Edward S. Dawson in this manufactory, and at a later date, after the retirement of Mr. Dawson, Jacob Brown was admitted to the firm. That concern, like all others that came under the influence of Mr. Duguid's tireless energy and activity, proved remarkably successful, and in 1868 he became the principal owner and senior member of the firm of Duguid, Wells & Co., his brother-in-law, J. E. Wells, having been admitted to a partnership interest. Subse quently the name was changed to Duguid & Wells, and after the death of Mr. Duguid, the Duguid Saddlery Company was organized and incorporated with his son Henry W. as president. The business developed into large proportions, and has continuously exerted a marked influence upon the growth and prosperity of the city. Mr. Duguid's reliability and far-seeing judgment in financial affairs was so gener ally recognized in Syracuse that he was elected in 1883 president of the Syracuse Savings Bank and held that position until his death. Taking a keen interest m pub lic matters, he was brought into considerable prominence in politics as a member of the Republican party, and in recognition of his service and his fitness for the posi tion he was appointed U. S. internal revenue collector for the 23d district of this State and held the office from 1869 to 1873. Upon the organization of the paid fire department of Syracuse he was appointed one of the fire commissioners and served as president of the board in 1877 and 1878. In 1878 he was elected to the State Leg islature and by re-elections served in the Assembly in the sessions of 1879, 1880, and 1881. He rendered effective services as a legislator and took a, prominent part in BIOGRAPHICAL. 39 the labors of that body, being placed on some of the most important committees, in cluding the special railway investigating committee. His liberal education, his great business experience, and his unimpeachable integrity peculiarly qualified him for the duties of the position. In 1880 and 1881 he served as chairman of the com mittee on commerce and navigation and a member of the committee on cities, and in the latter year a member also of the committee on Indian affairs. His most valu able legislative service, however, was rendered in the series of railway investiga tions, which made him favorably known throughout the State. Mr. Duguid and his wife were active members of the First Presbyterian church until 1870, when they went out with others to build up the Fourth Presbyterian church, with which they were connected for seventeen years. At the organization of the Fourth church Mr. Duguid was elected president of its board of trustees, a posi tion he held during his connection with the society. In 1887 he again went out with other workers to organize the Memorial Presbyterian church out of the Scattergood Mission School, in which his late uncle, H. W. Van Buren, had for many years taken a deep interest. Of this church he was also made president of the board of trustees. He was a leading spirit in building up the Syracuse Y. M. C. A. and for two years filled the office of president. He was also president of the board of trustees of the Onondaga County Orphan Asylum for twelve years. He left his mark upon the re ligious life of the city, and his citizenship was fruitful in benefits to the community. His wife died in April, 1888. He died in Tucson, Arizona, December 30, 1888, while on a slow journey to Southern California. Mr. and Mrs. Duguid had three children: Mary Evelyn, who in January, 1894, was married to Donald Dey, a native of Scotland, of Dey Brothers & Co., dry goods merchants in Syracuse, and has one daughter, Harriet Duguid Dey ; Harriet Eliza Duguid; and Henry Wells Duguid, president of the Duguid Saddlery Company, of Syracuse. LUKE RANNEY. Hon. Luke Ranney was born in Ashfield, Mass., November 8, 1815. He with his parents moved in 1823 to Aurelius, Cayuga county, N. Y. His father, William Ran ney, was born in Middletown, Conn., June 30, 1785. His wife, mother of Luke Ranney, was Betsey Alden, born in Ashfield, Mass., 1789. She was a direct descen dant of John Alden, one of the Mayflower passengers to this country and the hero of Longfellow's famous poem, Miles Standish and Priscilla. The members of the fam ilies from the original comer down through the whole line have been people of strong character and bright intellect. Mrs. Ranney died at Elbridge, N. Y. , May 9, 1870. William Ranney, father of the subject of this sketch, came to this part of the State at a time when agriculture was undeveloped, and yet it was about the only industry that received any attention. So he followed that occupation, devoting his energy and much time to the settling and clearing up of his farm. Like the Aldens, Mr. Ranney came from a family noted for high character, marked astuteness and honor. The direct line is followed back to Thomas Ranney who came to this country in 1630 from Scotland. After devoting twelve years to farm life in the town of Aurelius, Mr. William 40 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Ranney sold out and removed to Elbridge, where he spent the rest of his life. He died September 2, 1857. Luke Ranney spent his boyhood on his father's farm, attending the district school during the winter and helping in summer with all his young energy at the farm labor, for in those days idle hands found no place among the pioneers. But as Luke at tained early boyhood his active mind was reaching out for knowledge beyond what could be acquired at the common school. Every shift was made to gratify his thirst for knowledge, and after the close of the long day of toil a great part of the night was given over to reading and study. The scanty library which thefamily possessed was pored over, read and re-read and absorbed by the young boy. Finally in 1834 he was sent by his father to Shelburne Falle, Mass., to school. The mode of reach ing that place, like everything else, was crude, and attended with much delay. The canal boat was the conveyance as far as Albany, and from there the route to his school lay across country, a distance of sixty miles. The stage fare for the trip was $3, but this amount was more than a boy of Luke Ranney' s stamp would consent to expend for the transportation, so he and his companion set out on foot, arriving at their destination footsore and very weary. With the money thus saved he purchased Rollin's Ancient History, which he devoured with gusto, and added one more valu able book to his cherished library. The next fall in response to the wish of his father young Ranney went to Van Buren county, Mich., to aid his brother on a farm, which the elder Mr. Ranney had purchased. The trip was made by boat to Detroit, the the last boat bound west on the lake that fall. From Detroit the journey was made with a yoke of oxen, the distance being one hundred and fifty miles. He arrived at his brother's camp, for the farm house consisted merely of a rude log shanty in which his brother kept "bachelor's hall." Luke Ranney remained there several months, subsisting much of the time on potatoes and pork, and was a good part of the time in this dense solitude without any living companion whatever, as his brother's busi ness took him away for long periods. He had with him, however, a volume of Shakespeare which served to brighten the hours and store his young mind with thoughts and aspirations for a broader life. Through all his life Mr. Ranney has been a diligent reader in the various fields of literature until he is one of the best posted men of the time. After returning from Michigan Mr. Ranney taught school in Troopsville in 1839 and in Port Byron in 1840. Then for the next two succeeding years read law with Messrs. Robinson & Goodwin, but at the end of that time failing health compelled him to abandon his chosen profession and seek a climate more conducive to health. Therefore he went in the fall of 1842 to Kentucky where he again engaged at teach ing school. That was many years before the civil war, but being a close observer of affairs, Mr. Ranney readily comprehended the evils of the slavery question, and pre dicted in unqualified terms what the ultimate outcome of it would be. In reply to a friend in the north asking his opinion on the subject, he returned the following: "When I see the vast amount of evil that originates in this system of slavery, I shudder at future consequences. The day of final judgment may be far distant, but as sure to come as a rock loosened from the top of a mountain is to thunder down to the plain below, and woe, woe to all who are in its path. I may not live to see it, but the seed has been sown, the crop is more than half grown, and when the harvest comes it will be a harvest of death and destruction," The realization of this a little BIOGRAPHICAL. 41 more than twenty years later showed that he foresaw with great accuracy the end of it all. At that time the temperance question was being agitated in Kentucky, and Mr. Ranney's firmly developed principles in that line naturally led him into active participation in its behalf. He was then and always has been an eloquent speaker which was turned to good account among the people there. Through his efforts many converts to temperance were made, as many as one hundred and fifty signing the pledge as the result of one evening's work. In the fall of 1843 Mr. Ranney re turned from the south and the following year married Miss Rebecca Lyon, daughter of Deacon Cyrus Lyon, of the town of Weedsport. For the next five years Mr. Ranney lived on a farm, gradually recovering his health, and adding at the same time a moderate accretion in wealth. In the spring of 1852 they moved to Elbridge where they have since resided. Mr. Ranney's interest and activity in public affairs coupled with his thorough understanding of them at once placed him at the front as a leader in politics. In the spring of 1857 he was chosen to represent the town of Elbridge in the Board of Supervisors. The record he made while a member of the board served to still increase the confidence of the citizens in his integrity and ability. The following year he was elected to represent the First District of Onondaga in the Legislature, and again in 1865 and 1867 he was a member of that body. His superior judgment and ability were here again recognized by his associates placing him on the most important committees of the House. The bill creating the State Board of Assessors was originated and framed by Mr. Ranney, and it was through his influ ence that it became a law. The intent and working of this law was so satisfactory that the State Board of Assessors is still in vogue. It was while Mr. Ranney was in the Legislature and also a member of the select committee on freight rates bill that his memorable fight for the people of the State as against corporations was begun. This bill was defeated and Mr. Ranney had reason to believe that it was brought about by the influence of money contributed by the N. Y. C. Railroad Company, and that at a cost it was alleged of $60,000. Mr. Ranney's speeches on personal liberty and other topics in the House gave him a wide reputation, while his rigid upright ness and loyalty to the people made him feared by corruptionists and monopolies. Another move of the N. Y. C. railroad at that time was to have enacted a law permitting that company to increase its way passenger rates to two and a half cents per mile. This Mr. Ranney vigorously opposed, and proceeded to prove by state ments of the company itself that millions of dollars had at the present rate of fare, been divided among the stockholders. The bill was finally defeated and as the re sult of Mr. Ranney's sledgehammer opposition and merciless expose of the injustice and iniquity of the measure. Every person who has ridden on the N. Y. C. from that day to this owes this saving in rate to that able champion of the right, Luke Ranney. But Mr. Ranney was then, as he always has been, too fearlessly honest in his political acts to walk in the graces of political schemers and jobbers, so the in fluence of that body was afterwards active to prevent his return to the Legislature. Mr. Ranney is now a staunch Republican and although past eighty years of age takes a lively interest in all public matters whether in politics or the moral and religious betterment of the community. When the Constitutional Convention met in 1867 to revise the State Constitution, they appointed a committee to examine and see if they could devise some means to prevent lobby corruption. This committee was empowered to call witnesses from F 42 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL any part of the State. George Opdyke of New York city was chairman. He swore Worcester, treasurer of the N. Y. C, and asked him if he had ever paid any money for purposes of legislation, and he said that he paid $60,000 to defeat the pro rata freight bill, and $205,000 for purposes of legislation the session that had up the in crease fare bill; and this $205,000, it was alleged, was used to buy votes. To judge how those who sold their votes to the railroad company must have felt, the following quotation from Mr. Ranney's speech made at that time is inserted: And now, before I close, what shall I say to such, if any such there be, who have sold them selves to this corporation? Remember, Judas betrayed his Lord, for thirty pieces of silver, and for that act has been held up for execration, scorn and contempt to the outermost bounds of civilization. Gentlemen, turn your minds within and behold yourselves as in a glass, and what do you see? a villain whose company you are compelled to keep and from whose vile companion ship there is no escape, dishonored and scorned by yourself, seeking a hiding place from the goadings of conscience, dying while you live, and living praying for the everlasting rocks and hills to fall on you and hide you from the righteous indignation of a constituency you have be trayed, and a Legislature you have disgraced and a State you have dishonored. Go and return your ill-got gold to the soulless corporation who would accumulate wealth on the ruins of our country! Swear by the living God you -will live and die an honest man, that your garments shall never be smeared with the slime and filth of a corrupt and venal lobby, that swarms around you like carrion crows around a rotten carcase. Then as the crowning star of life sets in the west you can say, I have done something to save and not to destroy my country. Few campaigns have passed during the last forty years that his eloquent voice and energy have not been felt among the people. Mr. Ranney, while carrying on a farm, has also given much time to the settling of estates as executor, administrator, or assignee. In former years he was, too, a surveyor and engaged at that profes sion for many years. Mr. Ranney has for many years been president of the Board of Trustees of the Munro Collegiate Institute, an educational institution of wide and favorable repu tation. As assignee he settled the estate of James M. Munro, of Camillus, whose debts when proved amounted to $124,000. Mr. Ranney has now retired from active business. REV. CHAUNCEY BELL THORNE. Rev. Chauncey Bell Thorne was born in the town of Broome, Schoharie Co., N. Y., April 20, 1833. His father, Thomas J. Thorne, was also a native of that county. When Chauncey B. was six years of age his parents moved from Schoharie Co., to Laurens, Otsego Co., where they bought and for eighteen years conducted a dairy farm. Thomas J. Thorne was a cooper by trade, and for several years prior to settling in Laurens had been employed at that labor. Jesse Thorne, father of Thomas Thorne and grandfather of the subject of portrait and sketch herewith pre sented, was a native of Westchester Co., N. Y., but at an early day moved to Scho harie Co. , where he spent the balance of his life. Mr. Thome's genealogy is traced back to an early period in the settlement of this country. They were of English stock, thrifty, intelligent, and industrious. Thomas J. Thorne married while in Schoharie county, Nancy Bell, born in Albany county in 1803. She, like her husband, Mr. Tborne, was endowed with a sturdy p CHAUNCEY B. THORNE. BIOGRAPHICAL. 43 character, the spirit of independence and a kindly Christian heart. All these ele ments contributed to their successful and exemplary life. In 1857 they disposed of their farm property in Otsego county and removed to Skaneateles, purchasing a farm a little distance south of Skaneateles village. They devoted their lives to the occu pation of farming. Mr. Thorne was born November 30, 1799, and died August 5, 1873. His wife died July 17. 1865. Chauncey B. Thorne began his school days while in Broome, Schoharie county, and continued for several years in-the schools of Otsego county. In the mean time he had become a proficient student of phonography, and had developed a noticeable ability in the art of drawing. Desiring to acquire the art of engraving, at twenty-two years of age he left home to try his fortunes in New York city. There he engaged with Andrew J. Graham, author and publisher of text books in shorthand or stenography. Mr. Thome's rapidly developed skill as an engraver, in connection with some new methods and means of his own devising for the securing of greater accuracy and beauty in the production of printed shorthand, insured to him a permanent place until he had completed the engraving of Graham's Standard Phonographic series of text books. He remained with Mr. Graham, with some intermissions, till 1861, when the need of his aid called him home to the farm. For the next succeeding fourteen years he resided on the farm at Skaneateles, which he purchased of his father. During this time he was a successful farmer, act ively interested in general agricultural matters, occupying a leading position in the work of the several town agricultural organizations, and of the .association of wool- growers of Onondaga county. He continued also to apply himself at spare times to his engraving art ; doing much good work in that line for several authors and pub lishers, James E. Munson, New York, David P. Lindley, Philadelphia, and others. In the line of his art, Mr Thorne has been recently engaged mostly in the making of shorthand drawings for photo-engraving. Mr. Thorne has resided in Skaneateles village since 1875, quitting the farm at that time. In the mean while in 1859 Mr. Thorne married Amelia Ann Hibbs, a daugh ter of William and Elizabeth Holcomb Hibbs of Upper Makefield, Bucks county, Pa. Following in the course of the religious denominational preferences of their parents and grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Thorne in 1869 became members of the society of Friends, uniting with the meeting in Skaneateles, one of the oldest church organiza tions in the town. In 1873 Mr. Thorne was recorded a minister in the Society of Friends, and has continued to occupy that position in the church at Skaneateles. They have had two daughters, one now being deceased. The younger daughter, Luella H., is a teacher of ability and success. She graduated in 1890 at Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania. AMBROSE SADLER. Ambrose Sadler is at present a citizen of the town of Clay, although the greater part of his life has been spent in Cicero. He is a native of the latter town, where he was born, February 20, 1823. His ancestry on his father's side was of sturdy New England stock, and the genealogy of the family extends back to the early days of the foundation of the Massachusetts Commonwealth. Zelotes Sadler, father of the 44 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. subject of the portrait herewith, was a native of that State, born in the last year of the last century. In 1816 his parents, with others of their State, became inspired with the hope of better things and broader opportunities of the westward country, so they emigrated, and after much difficulty and hardship landed in what is now Phelps, Ontario county, this State. . After a residence of two years there they set their face towards the east again, reaching Cicero in 1818, where they bought a farm east of the present village of Cicero, and settled down to carve out a fortune at agri culture. Zelotes Sadler was then a young man of nineteen years of age, but he con tributed valuable aid towards the building of a, home and the development of the farm. He remained with his parents, and devoted his life also to farming. He married Rachael Shepard, of Albany county, who died in 1871, she having survived her husband many years. He died in 1858. Ambrose Sadler received his education at the common schools of Cicero. His school days being over he applied himself to the vocation in which he had been trained, and that he has done so successfully the result clearly shows. He was for many years one of the most prominent farmers in the town of Cicero or, in fact, in the county. Before his father's death he had purchased the homestead. Subse quently, in 1863, Mr. Sadler bought the Merriam farm on the Cicero plank road, which, under his hand, became one of the finest in the county. At present he is the owner of several valuable properties of this kind. Since attaining his majority Mr. Sadler has been an earnest, active Republican, and has been influential in the party's success in his native town. In 1876 he was selected as keeper of the county poor asylum, and continued in that position till 1882. Under his management many important changes were made, and improvements inaugurated which put the institution on a higher plan of service and satisfaction to the citizens of the county. After six years' service in the capacity of keeper of the poorhouse, Mr. Sadler retired, and for the next year was a citizen of Syracuse. He then returned to Cicero and assumed control of his many agricul tural interests there. In 1882 Mr. Sadler was appointed as superintendent of the Onondaga Penitentiary. There were several candidates for the place at that time, but the generally acknowledged fitness of Mr. Sadler to successfully discharge the exacting and multifarious duties of the position rendered him the first choice of the Board of Supervisors as well as the people. The Penitentiary, during Mr. Sadler's sojourn there, housed many noted criminals and was the scene of many a clever scheme on the part of this cult to thwart the law and escape just punishment for crimes. The famous Poucher case was one of the many, whereby his mother came from New York, and through some attorney served a writ of habeas corpus upon the superintendent, and having by this means secured the convict's release, gave bail in $500 for his appearance for trial. The bail, as in tended, was forfeited, and Mr. Sadler's guest departed never to return. Mr. Sadler was instrumental during his term of having the system of heating changed to that of steam, enlarging the hospital and also the farm, besides many other notable inprovements. Since retiring from the Penitentiary in 1886, Mr. Sadler has resided at North Syracuse, exercising simply a supervision of his various agricultural interests. Mr. Sadler married for his first wife Dorothea E. Williams, of Pompey. She died in 1874. His second wife was Mrs. Jennette Dunham, of Cicero. BIOGRAPHICAL. 45 Mr. Sadler has two children, one son and one daughter. The daughter, Georgenna, was born April 27, 1849. She married E. Forest Rouse, a manufacturer of Bay City, Mich. The son, Russell Z. , is engaged in business in Syracuse. He has represented his ward in the Board of Supervisors for three terms. WILLIAM C. RODGER. William C. Rodger was born near Wolcott, Wayne county, N. Y., October 30, 1832. He has, however, spent his life in Jordan, for his parents lived only about one year and a half in Wayne county when they moved to the town of Elbridge, set tling in Jordan permanently. His father, James Rodger, was born in Albany, N.Y. , in 1805, one week after his parents landed in that place from Scotland. They had come direct from Greenock, Scotland, with the intention of making America their permanent home. William Rodger, the father of James Rodger, was a black smith, and carried on the business in Albany until 1818, when the family removed to Madison county, purchased a farm near Quality Hill, which he worked in connection with his trade until 1832, when they removed to the town of Elbridge, purchased a farm about one and a quarter miles north of the village of Elbridge, where they re sided at the time of his death, December, 1822. It devolved on James, who had grown to be quite a boy, together with his mother, to carry on the farm. This they did suc cessfully till James Rodger had grown to manhood, and, in fact, till some years after he was married. He married Olive M. Clark, a native of Vermont, who had become a resident of Elbridge. James Rodger, at the time mentioned, had closed out his interest in the Elbridge place and moved to Wolcott, where William C. Rodger, the subject of this portrait and sketch, was born. After James Rodger returned to Jor dan he entered upon a commercial career, which continued the remainder of his life ; a career that was crowned with success in no small degree. As a boy William C. Rodger attended the Jordan public schools, and later graduated at the Jordan Acad emy. At the age of nineteen he was through with school and ready to start an active life, for he possessed the same quality of metal that had come down from his Scotch ancestors and that comprised energy, pluck and ambition. His father had become a large dealer in all kinds of grain, and was also carrying on the grocery and milling business in Jordan. William C. was.admitted to an in terest in the business, and they together conducted it until James Rodger's death, which occurred in 1885. His wife survived till 1894. In addition to the branches of business mentioned, they had, in 1872, bought the Jordan Bank, which they contin ued to run, and which is still conducted under the style of Rodger & Co. Mr. Rodger is now engaged extensively in buying -and shipping all kinds of grain, and with these lines carries on the coal business in Jordan. He is, besides these, interested in other industries that require much of his time and capital. The success he has achieved places Mr. Rodger amongst the first business men of the county. While Mr. Rodger has been earnest and active in business he has also taken a lively interest in political matters of the town, county and State. As a Republican he has been for many years an influential worker, giving much valuable service to 46 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. the party. In recognition of this he was appointed postmaster at that place in 1862, during President Lincoln's administration, and largely through his efforts the busi ness of the office increased till it became a presidential office. He has been president of the village, and for many years a member of the Board of Education. The fact that Jordan has to-day one of the finest public school buildings in the county was due largely to his push and zeal in the matter. Since 1890, though, Mr. Rodger has been, politically, in the Prohibition ranks, being now as fervent in the interests of this party as he formerly was in the Republican. Mr. Rodger married for his first wife, in 1854, Amelia Buckhout, of Castile, N. Y. , by whom he had three children : Ella, who married Charles W. Laird, of Jordan ; Emma, who married Walter W. B. Rodger, of Greenock, Scotland, where they now reside. He owns a large estate, and is a man of prominence both socially and polit ically. He is the provost of the city, and recently was presented by the corporation with an elaborate silver mounted cradle, with design of municipal building and coat of arms, as a memento of the occasion of the birth of a son, the first one born to a provost while holding the office. The third child and daughter died in infancy. Mrs. Rodger died in 1857. Mr. Rodger's second wife, whom he married in 1862, was Julia Knowlton, of Jordan, who is still living. They have had four sons, three of whom are living, namely: William K. , Charles H., and Winfred C. The two older sons are now associated in business with Mr. Rodger, the youngest, Winfred O, being yet in school. GUSTAVUS SNIPER. General Gustavus Sniper was born in Baden, Germany, on the 11th of June, 1836 His parents emigrated to America when he was but a lad, and soon after landing in this country came to Syracuse from New York and here passed the re mainder of their lives. The father's name was Joseph Sniper and he died in 1862, having earned the respect of his fellowmen. The mother died in 1878. The subject of this sketch obtained his education in the common schools of Syra cuse, improving it as much as he could by attendance at night schools. In the year 1850 the boy began work. at cigar making for George P. Hier, a trade at which he became proficient and at which he worked continually until the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion, nearly all of the time in Syracuse. In early life he developed an ardent love for military study and practice and joined the Syracuse Lightguard about 1854, and afterwards was a member or officer of the Syracuse Grays and of the Davis Light Guards. In 1859-60 he raised and organized a company known as the Munroe Cadets and was made captain of the company, which position he held at the breaking out of the war. Thus from a member or officer in the Fifty-first Regiment of militia, he passed through all the grades from corporal to colonel and brigadier-general of volunteers. With the outbreak of the war the young militia officer was imbued with the fires of patriotism, and through his intense love for military life he saw an opportunity to distinguish himself in that profession. No sooner was a hostile gun fired against the Union than General Sniper took steps to raise a company of volunteers, expecting to BIOGRAPHICAL. 47 join the 12th Regiment. In this he was disappointed, for although his company was filled within a very short time, so rapidly were enlistments made in those early days of the great struggle that he found it impossible to connect himself with the first regiment to leave this county. Nothing daunted, however, by this result, he imme diately formed a new company with the purpose of joining the 24th Regiment of Oswego. In this also he was disappointed for a similar reason. Disbanding his company, he enlisted in the 101st Regiment, determined to at least attach himself in person to a volunteer organization. He then raised about one-half of a company, and was made first lieutenant and soon afterwards captain. Now his perfect mili tary schooling began to show itself, and before the regiment left the State he was promoted to major. After an honorable career in the ser vice the 101st Regiment was mustered out in 1863, General Sniper having in the mean time been promoted to lieuten ant-colonel. He came home with a reputation for military skill, bravery and executive ability that was most flatter ing to himself and his friends. When the organization of the 185th Regiment was resolved upon, General Sniper took a deep and active interest and was, perhaps, more efficient in the final success of the un dertaking than any other one person. When the ranks of the regiment were finally filled he was commissioned lieuten ant-colonel. He was promoted to colonel upon the resigna tion of Colonel Jenney, and when that splendid organization entered upon the closing campaign of the war, in the spring of 1865, participating in several brilliant engagements, General Sniper won for himself a name and fame which were heralded across the country in the news columns and illustrations of all prominent newspapers and periodicals. On the field at Quaker Road, March 29, 1865, after three color bearers had been shot down, in the immediate face of the enemy General Sniper seized the flag, passed to the front, and raising and waving it above his head, led his regiment to victory. For his daring heroism on this field he was brevetted brigadier-general. At the head of his regiment he saw the final scenes of the war and returned home to receive the plaudits and rewards of his deeds at the hands of his fellow citizens. General Sniper never lost his ardor in military matters, and kept it warm by mem bership and official station in various organizations. He was long commander of the Central City Veterans, and was prominent in the Veterans' League, the Grand Army Gen. Gustavus Sniper. 48 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. of the Republic, and also in the Masonic order, the Odd Fellows, the A. O. U. W., etc. He was a member of the Loyal League Military Order of the United States, and president of the German-American Republican Club. The General Sniper Camp Sons of Veterans, No. 166, was named for him. General Sniper's native ability, sound judgment, and good common sense con spired to bring him into prominence in political councils, especially as a representa tive of the leading German element of the city's population. In 1870 he was elected to the Legislature, where his three years' record for sensible legislation and incor ruptibility added to his already high standing as a public servant. In 1876 he ac cepted the position of deputy in the county clerk's office, and in 1882 was elected county clerk, holding the office three years, making a record of nine years in civil office. The responsible duties were discharged by him with fidelity and ability. In addition to the public duties just alluded to, General Sniper was connected in a busi ness capacity with the Rock Spring Brewery, and from 1873 to 1876 was deputy col lector of Internal Revenue. In 1887-88 he was vice-president of the Hinckel Brew ing company of Albany, N.Y. In whatever station he occupied he was accorded the good will and friendship of all with whom he came in personal contact. With his own countrymen he was ex tremely popular arid in a broad sense enjoyed their confidence and esteem. General Sniper was married in 1863 to Miss Catherine Miller. Their issue of this marriage was two children — a son and a daughter. On March 29, 1894, the anniversary of the bloody battle of Quaker Road where he distinguished himself by personal bravery. General Sniper died suddenly, after but a few hours' illness. His unexpected demise threw the whole community, especially those to whom he had become endeared in military and business relations, into a state of earnest sorrow. His funeral ceremonies were impressive in the extreme, and were exceptional in the concourse in attendance. WILLIAM MARVIN. Judge William Marvin was born in Fairfield, Herkimer county, April 14, 1808. He was a son of Selden Marvin, son of Dan, son of Reinold, son of Reinold, Lyme's captain, of Lyme, Conn. Selden Marvin married Charlotte Pratt, of Saybrook, Conn., Judge William's parents moved to Dryden, Tompkins county, N. Y., during his in. fancy. There he grew up on a farm, went to school in the winter, and worked on the farm during the summer. He studied law and was admitted to practice in the courts of the State in 1833. Immediately after being admitted he opened an office in Phelps, Ontario county, and soon acquired a good standing among the distin guished lawyers of that county, among others John C. Spencer, Mark H. Sibley, and Jared Wilson. In 1835 professional business called him to Florida, then a territory. Here he made the acquaintance of Joseph White, who was then the delegate in Congress, and Charles Downing, a leading lawyer of St. Augustine, and on their recommendation he was appointed by President Jackson to the office of United States district attorney for the southern district of Florida. There are probably not half a dozen other men BIOGRAPHICAL. 49 living to-day who hold a commission signed by President Andrew Jackson. Judge Marvin accepted the appointment, and removed to the Island of Key West, Florida. In 1839 he was elected a delegate to represent the counties of Monroe and Dade in the first Constitutional Convention, held at St. Joseph, in Florida. It is believed that he is to-day the only surviving member of that convention, which was com posed of about seventy delegates. In the same year he was appointed by Presi dent Van Buren to be judge of the Superior Court of the district, Judge Webb, his predecessor in that office, having resigned to accept the office of secretary of state under President Lamar in the Lone Star State of Texas. In 1845, the terri tory of Florida having become a State, the Legislature elected Mr. Marvin to the office of circuit court judge, which office he declined, but accepted the office of United States district judge in 1847. He held this office till 1863, when he resigned the judgeship on account of impaired health, induced by over work and long resi dence in a hot climate. The business of the court over which he presided consisted largely in the determination of questions of salvage and other questions growing out of the numerous shipwrecks, which were constantly occurring among the islands and reefs around the southern point of Florida. In the discharge of his official duties he acquired an extensive knowledge of international and maritime-law, and in 1858 he published a Treatise on the Law of Wreck and Salvage, which to-day is cited in the courts of the United States, England, and on the continent of Europe, as a, work of high merit. In January, 1860, Judge Marvin, without resigning the office of judge, became a candidate for election as delegate to the State Convention, which had been called to be held at Tallahassee, to consider the question of the secession of the State from the Union. Although a, Democrat in politics all his life he took decided ground against the secession movement, and did everything in his power to prevent Florida from seceding. He remained quietly at home, discharging his official duties as best he could. The marshal of the district, the district attorney, the clerk of his court, and many of his intimate friends joined the seceders. The last three months of President Buchanan's administration and the first month of President Lincoln's was a period of intense mental agony and suffering on the part of the judge, for dur ing all this time, lover of the Union as he was, it was impossible for him to form any opinion as to whether the government at Washington would recognize the secession movement and let the Southern States go their way or not. His suspense was re lieved only when Sumter was fired upon and war actually commenced. A few days after that event martial law was declared on the island by authority of the presi dent. The rebel flags were pulled down from the houses, and many of the leading rebels made their escape to the mainland. The judge's person and court were now protected by the military and naval authorities. He immediately removed the clerk of his court and appointed a loyal man in his place. The government ap pointed a new marshal and district attorney. His court was now again in a condi tion to transact business, and it very soon became a very important and valuable agency in maintaining the blockade of the ports and coasts of the rebel States. The geographical position of Judge Marvin's court made it a convenient point for the navy men to send all vessels captured by them to his court for adjudication. He de cided a great many prize cases, many of which are leading decisions. The judge re signed in the third year of the war on account of poor health, and removed to his native State. In 1865, the war being then over, he was appointed by President John- G i 50 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. son provisional governor to assist the people of Florida to reconstruct their State government ; he went to Tallahassee and took upon himself the duties of the office. He called together a State Convention to make a, new constitution, and found the members of the convention generally quite willing to adopt a provision in the con stitution abolishing slavery, but they were quite as unwilling to give the negro the elective franchise, or the right to testify in courts of justice in every case where a white man was concerned. The farthest he could get the convention to go in this direc tion was to provide in the constitution that the Legislature should pass no law dis criminating in any way between the two races. This gave to the negroes protection for their civil rights, and at the same time the constitution withheld from them the political right of voting. Florida was at this time in a condition of great poverty and distress. Martial law everywhere prevailed. Their leading men were imprisoned and threatened with prosecutions for treason, and a general feeling of hopelessness everywhere existed. Their slaves had been declared free by the military authorities, but what ideas they were likely to entertain concerning their freedom was quite problematical. Under these circumstances the governor felt it his duty to make sev eral speeches to large numbers of the recently emancipated slaves. On one of these occasions when he was addressing 600 or 700 of them, assembled in Madison, an old man with hair as white as snow approached the place where the speaker stood and, interrupting him, said: "Massa, I wishes to ask you one question." "What is that, my good old man?" responded the governor. "Ask on." "I wish to ask you who is to take care of me in my old age — you tell me that I am now free, and must take care of myself?" It occurred at once to the mind of the governor that there was no system of poor laws in the State ; hitherto the white poor had been cared for by charity, and masters had provided for the wants of their sick and needy slaves. The governor replied: "Why, the good Lord has taken care of you thus far, all the days of your life, and He will not now forsake you in your old age." "Yes, yes," replied the old man; "I know de good Lord is very good; but, massa he take care of me ; he give me food and clothes, and when I am sick he gets the doctor, and now you tell me that he no more do that, and that I must take care of myself," and the old man with a sad and sorrowful look, turned and walked away. The negro population in the South did not generally receive the news of their emancipation with any degree of joy or exultation; to very many of them it brought sorrow and sadness, for they were distressed beyond measure. They knew not how they were to get a living or provide for themselves; they were generally as helpless as children. The Legislature elected the governor to the Senate of the United States, but his credentials were laid on the table and never acted upon by the Senate, that body, together with the House of Representatives, having, under the leadership of Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens, adopted the policy of not allowing the seceded States to be represented in Congress until those States had given to the negro population in their constitutions the elective franchise. The Congress, in pursuance of such policy, passed laws providing for the reconstruction of governments in the seceded States, based on the negro as well as the white vote, Judge Marvin and his political friends did not believe in giving such franchise to the recently emancipated slave ; he therefore ceased to take any further active inter est in the political affairs of Florida, and so withdrew from public life. Judge Marvin has been twice married ; his first wife, Harriet Newell Foote, whom he N. B. SULLIVAN, M. D. BIOGRAPHICAL. 51 married in 1846. was a daughter of Judge Elisha Foote, of Cooperstown, N.Y. By this marriage he had an only child, a daughter, who married Col. Marshall Ludington, U. S A. Judge Marvin married for his second wife, in 1867, Mrs. Elizabeth Riddle Jewett, daughter of John Riddle, of New Castle, Del. , and widow of the late William Jew ett, of Skaneateles, N. Y. This marriage led to his settling down in that village, where he resides in comfort, and in health and vigor at the present day, 1896. In his retirement from a more active public life he has by no means, ceased to feel a deep interest in public affairs and to take an active interest in the local affairs of his village. He served as president of the village one year, often presides at public meetings, and votes at every election. The Democrats of Onondaga county adopted him as their candidate for the senate in 18 — , and again for the Constitutional Con vention in 1894. In politics Judge Marvin is a Democrat, in religion a Catholic, and an Episcopalian in his church relations. He was, with others, very active in securing a public library for the village and town, and has been for fifteen years last past the president of the library association. He has always been a great reader, not only of works relating to his profession, but also ecclesiastical history and theology. In 1885 he published a volume entitled the "Authorship of the Four Gospels." In this work he treats of the external evidences of their genuineness more in the character of a jurist than of a theologian. NAPOLEON B. SULLIVAN, M. D. Dr. Napoleon Bonaparte Sullivan, of Memphis, was born in the town of Ly sander, Onondaga county, N. Y., March 2, 1829. His professional life has been spent in Plainville in the town of Lysander and at Memphis, his present residence. Dr. Sullivan was one of a family of eleven children, he being the tenth in order of birth. The- family comprised five sons and six daughters. Richard Sullivan, father of the subject of this sketch, was a native of Washington county, N. Y., where he was born in 1791. He came to the town of Lysander about 1810, being one of the earliest settlers in that part of the county. He at once engaged in agriculture, doing much toward the development of that industry in the vicinity and also towards the building up and extending the various other interests of the town. Mr. Sullivan had barely become settled in his new home when the war of 1812 broke out. He volunteered his services and was given a commission as captain. He served with distinction during the war and after that closed returned to his occupa tion and business at home. During his whole life he took a lively interest in military affairs, and for years during the early times had charge of the military training which took place on the flats just east of where Memphis is now situated. He was a grandson of General Sullivan of Revolutionary war fame. For generations they had been a race of soldiers and so Richard Sullivan naturally inherited the instincts and qualities neces sary to make a great soldier. In 1836 Mr. Sullivan sold his interests in Lysander and went to Illinois with the view of locating' there permanently, but not finding the surroundings and opportuni- 52 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. ties what he had looked for he soon returned to this State, settling in Seneca county. There he again became interested in agriculture, which he conducted successfully for many years. He was actively identified with the growth and development of that county. In his earlier life he was a member of the Free Soil party, but later be came a Whig and finally a Republican, when that party was organized. While a resident of the town of Tyre, Seneca county, e served almost continuously as justice of the peace and for some time represented his town in the Board of Super visors. While yet in Washington county Mr. Sullivan married Nancy Faulkner, who was also a native of that county. She possessed the same sterling qualities of mind and character as did her husband and these coupled with her energy and industry con tributed greatly to the success which crowned their combined efforts. She died in Seneca county in 1849. At the age of eighteen Napoleon B. Sullivan decided to fit himself for the medical profession. So in view of this he took a course at the Clyde Academy and after wards began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. B. B. Schenck of Plainville. After spending some time with Dr. Schenck he entered the Geneva Medical College, from which he graduated two years later. Upon the completion of his course Dr. Sullivan returned to Plainville and entered upon the practice of medicine with his former preceptor, Dr. Schenck. After the lapse of three years Dr. Schenck retired, leaving the practice in Dr. Sullivan's hands. He continued the business till 1860, being the leading physician in that part of Onondaga county. He then decided to remove to Memphis (then Canton), which he did that year, and from that time to the present he has continued in the practice of his profession at that place. Dr. Sullivan was educated as a "regular school" physician, but just prior to his removal to Memphis he had been drawn into close observation of the efficacy of the Homoeopathic system of treatment, and the many remarkable cures resulting from it induced him to give it a thorough and careful study, finally leading to his adoption of the principles in his practice. So that when he settled in Memphis it was as a physician of the new school. Each year of experience has added to and strength ened his faith in the correctness and value of the system of homoeopathy. Dr. Sullivan has been a lifelong Republican in his political faith, and while he has been active and earnest he has never sought political office. However, in 1862 he was appointed by the governor of the State as commissioner to aid in perfecting the enrollment of all persons liable to military duty. He -was also deputy postmaster under President Taylor, and at another time was appointed by the county surrogate as administrator to settle estates of intestate persons. Dr. Sullivan is a member of the County Medical Society and actively interested in its progress and growth. He is still a close student and wide reader of the best literature outside of that pub lished in the interest of medicine. He married in 1855 Theresa M. Betts, daughter of Alanson and Susan Betts. She died on October 21, 1886. They had two children, one son and one daughter. Emma married Samuel A. Brown of Elbridge, and are now residents of Syracuse. Warren Faulkner, the son, married Myrtle E. Reynolds of Van Buren. They are also residents of Syracuse. BIOGRAPHICAL. 53 EDWARD B. JUDSON. Hon. Edward B. Judson, of old New England ancestry and Connecticut parent age, was born in Coxsackie, N. Y. , January 11, 1813, and received the rudiments of a business training as clerk in the banking house of his mother's brother, Ralph Barker, in his native town. When twenty-two he engaged with his brother, W. A. Judson, in manufacturing lumber at Constantia, Oswego county, and subsequently the two carried on a lumber commission business in Albany for about twenty years. At Constantia he also engaged in the manufacture of iron, and when twenty-four he was elected to the Assembly, serving in the sessions of 1839 and 1841, and being chairman of the committees on cities and villages and the State Lunatic Asylum. In 1849 he came to Syracuse, where he has ever since resided, and in 1850 became one of the or ganizers and the first vice-pres ident of the Merchants' Bank. Two years later he was elected an original director and the first cashier of the Salt Springs Bank. In 1857 he resigned to aid in organizing the Lake Ontario Bank of Oswego, of which he became cashier and chief exec utive officer. This institution was remarkable for the char acter and position of its stock holders, among whom were John A. Stevens, president; C. H. Russell, vice-president; Henry F. Vail, cashier of the Bank of Commerce, New York city; Erastus Corning and H. H. Martin, president and cashier of the Albany City Bank ; Rufus H. King and J. H. Van Ant werp, president and cashier of the State Bank, of Albany ; J. B. Plumb, president of the Bank of Interior, Albany ; Hamilton White, Horace White, John D. Norton, and Thomas B. Fitch, pre sidents respectively of the Onondaga County Bank, the Bank of Syracuse, the Mer chants' Bank, and the Mechanics' Bank, all of Syracuse; G. B. Rich, president of the Bank of Attica, Buffalo; Luther Wright, president of Luther Wright's Bank, Oswego; and Thurlow Weed, John L. Schoolcraft, David Hamilton, John Knower, Frederick T. Carrington, George Geddes, and William A. Judson. When the Federal government, in 1863, perfected and carried into operation the present national banking system Mr. Judson's experience and counsel were sought by Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase, who invited him and a few other prominent bankers of the country to Washington for this purpose. At the request of Edward B. Judson. 54 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. the secretary, Mr. Judson, immediately after his return, organized the First National Bank of Syracuse, which stands as No. 6 in the archives at the nation's capital, and which he has ever since served as president. He was for eleven years, after 1864, chairman of the executive committee of the National Banking Association, and for about eighteen years interested in the manufacture of glass, being for some time president of the Syracuse Glass Company. He was one of the first two vice-presi dents of the Trust and Deposit Company of Onondaga, which was organized in 1869 : has served as trustee of the Metropolitan Trust Company of New York city since its organization ; in 1870 was one of the incorporators and the first treasurer of the Syra cuse Northern Railroad ; was for several years a director in the Syracuse and Oswego Railroad ; was formerly a director in the New York Central Railroad Company, Bank of Syracuse, and American Express Company ; and is a trustee and vice-president of Wells College at Aurora, treasurer of St. Joseph's Hospital, trustee of the Old Ladies' Home, and president of board of trustees of May Memorial church. He is one of the oldest bankers in the State, and still guides the affairs of the institution which he was instrumental in founding. He is, or has been, interested in various business enterprises, including the Salt Springs Solar Salt Company, which he assisted in or ganizing, and has served ever since as a director, and has always taken a keen inter est in the growth and welfare of the city. Mr. Judson has had little time or inclination for political life since his early mem bership of the Legislature, but in 1868 he allowed his name to be presented as a can didate for presidential elector, and was defeated, that being the year Governor Hoffman was elected. October 15, 1846, Mr. Judson married Miss Sarah, daughter of Coddington B. Will iams, of Syracuse, and they have one son, Edward B. Judson, jr., a man of enter prise and thorough business qualifications. DAVID M. TOTMAN, M. D. David Maydole Totman, M. D., is a son of Edsel S. and Anna M. (Maydole) Tot- man and was born in Freetown, Cortland county, N. Y., October 18, 1848. He was graduated from Norwich Academy in 1868, and in the following autumn entered Yale College, from which he received the degree of B. A. in 1872, being a member of Alpha Delta Phi during his collegiate course. Afterward he taught special branches in Norwich Academy at Norwich, N. Y., where he also studied medicine for two years in the office of Dr. H. K. Bellows. He was graduated from the Medical Col lege of Syracuse University in 1876, and for five years thereafter served as house physician and surgeon to St. Joseph's Hospital, establishing at the same time a pri vate practice, which he has developed in a substantial and permanent way. Dr. Totman has been prominently connected with the Syracuse Medical College since 1876, when he was appointed instructor of physiology. He held that position until 1886, when he received the appointment of lecturer on. clinical surgery. The next year he was made professor of clinical surgery and in 1893 was elected registrar of the college, and still holds both positions. He was health officer of the city of Syr acuse from 1889 to 1891 and from 1892 to 1895, and has been surgeon of the fire de- c&^-J 7?l.&&~~^ BIOGRAPHICAL. 55 partment since 1894 and of St. Joseph's Hospital since 1882. Dr. Totmun has not only discharged the duties of these various stations with faithfulness and ability, but has maintained a constailtly increasing private practice, winning the respect and confidence of his associates, his patients, and the public. He has also contributed many valuable articles on medicine and surgery to the leading journals of the country. He is a member of the American Academy of Medicine, the Central New York Medical Association, the Syracuse Academy of Medicine, and the New York State and Onondaga County Medical Societies, and has served the latter as secre tary four years and as president one year. May 18, 1881 Dr. Totman was married to Miss Mary Emily, daughter of Oscar W. Johnson, of Fredonia, Chautauqua county, N. Y. They have had four children : Emily M., Margaret L., Katharine M. (deceased), and Clara J. FLORINCE O. DONOHUE, M. D. Florince O. Donohue, M. D., ex-president of the State Board of Health, was born in Syracuse on October 8, 1850, and as a lad attended the public schools of the city. When he had reached the age of nine years his parents removed to the town of Onondaga, where he went to school winters aud worked on the farm summers until 1869, after which he spent two years in Onondaga Academy . and one year at Cazenovia Seminary, alternating with terms of teaching at Navarino and Onondaga Hill. Being endow ed with mental qualifications of ex ceptional strength and activity, and possessing scholarly attributes of a high order, he had by this time thoroughly equipped himself for college and also earned sufficient money to pay his own way, and hav ing decided upon medicine as a pro fession he entered the medical de partment of Syracuse University in 1874 and remained two years, living in the mean time with Dr. W. W. Porter, under whose able tutelage he supplemented his studies with hard work. In 1876 he entered Long Island College Hospital and was graduated therefrom in 1877 with high honors. Since then he has been m constant practice in Syracuse, where he has won unusual success and wide professional recognition both at home and abroad. Florince O. Donohue, M. D. 56 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Dr. Donohue, being an enthusiast in every branch of his profession, has mastered its mysteries with commendable persistency, and as an obstetrician has, perhaps, gained his highest renown, though his knowledge of medicine and surgery is fully as extensive and practical. He became a member of the New York State Medical Association on November 20, 1884, and in October, 1885, was elected a delegate from that body to the British Medical Association, of which he is also a member, taking part in its deliberations in 1886 and again in 1889. He is a member of the Onondaga County Medical Society and American Health Association, and served as president of the Syracuse Medical Association two years. On October 31, 1889, he was appointed a member of the Syracuse Board of Health, and on November 26 of the same year was appointed one of the State Commissioners of Health by Gov. David B. Hill. His term on the State board expired in February, 1892, and in July following he was reappointed by Gov. Roswell P. Flower. At the first meeting thereafter he was elected president of the board and was re-elected to that position for three successive years, the last time just prior to the expiration of his term of membership in June, 1895. In May, 1894, he was appointed by Governor Flower a member of a special commission of five to investigate the prevalence and distribution of tuberculosis in the milk supply of the State and report thereon. This commission reported and went out of existence in January, 1895, at which time Dr. Donohue was its secretary and chief executive officer. The Legislature then passed a law which provided that two members of the State Board of Health should be appointed to continue the investigation, thus creating the New York State Commission of Tuber culosis, of which he was made chairman, which position he still holds. Dr. Donohue occupies a foremost place among the leading physicians and surgeons in Central New York. He is a writer of force and ability on a wide range of medical subjects and has contributed numerous articles to the leading medical journals of the country. In all official capacities he has been fearless, effective, and useful, and locally he is always alive to the needs of the city, not only from a sanitary stand point, but in a general way. He is public spirited, progressive, and popular, respected and esteemed by friends and opponents alike, and enjoys to the fullest extent the confidence of both the profession and the public. September 27, 1877, Dr. Donohue was married to Miss Lucy A. , eldest daughter of the late William T. Moseley, of Onondaga, and granddaughter of Judge Daniel Moseley, whose career in the jurisprudence of the State, and especially in this county, is detailed elsewhere in the present work. GEORGE G. COTTON. George Griswold Cotton was born on the 10th day of November, 1854, in Roscoe, Winnebago county, 111. During his seventh year his father died and his mother re moved to Onondaga county where he has since resided. His parents were Sanford Dennis and Jane Ellen Terry Cotton. Sanford Dennis Cotton was born August 17, 1815, in Skaneateles, Onondaga county, and was the eldest of eight children born to George Holbrook Cotton and Clarrissa Earll, daughter of Abijah Earll, of Skaneate les, N.Y. George Holbrook Cotton was the sixth child (eleven in all) of Willard and GEORGE G. COTTON. BIOGRAPHICAL. 57 Mary Gallup Cotton, daughter of Uriah Gallup, of Hartland, Yt., born in Hartland, Vt. , July 15, 1789, and came to Onondaga county in 1804 and settled in Skaneateles, N. Y. He married Clarrissa Earll in 1814. From that time he was associated with the firm of Earll, Lewis & Cotton, in the milling business until the year 18 — when he removed to Onondaga Valley and operated the grist mill at that place. Jane Ellen Terry, mother of the subject of this sketch was the eldest of six chil dren born to Griswold and Laura Woodford Terry, daughter of James Woodford. George Holbrook Cotton came to Onondaga county in 1804. Abijah Earll came to Onondaga county in 1804. Griswold Terry came to Onondaga county in 1805. James Woodford came to Onondaga county in 1805, and while Mr. Cotton was born outside of Onondaga county, still having returned at the age of seven and continued here since, and the fact of his family in the four branches having come to the county at the early date of 1804, and continuously living here he may safely consider him self as a production of the soil. Mr. Cotton's early life was spent in the village of Geddes now the Ninth and Tenth Wards of the city of Syracuse. He was gradu ated atthe Porterschool, passed the regents examinationsandreceived their certificate dated May 20, 1870. He entered the Syracuse High school, but at the end of the first year he retired and began an apprenticeship as machinist in the employ of the Brad ley Manufacturing Co. of Syracuse, with which concern he remained five years, work ing in the shop and then representing them on the road. He also represented them at the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia in 1876. He severed relationship with the Bradleys in 1877 and upon their recommendation entered the employ of the Porter Manufacturing Co. of the First Ward, who were doing an engine business. In the ensuing fall the Syracuse Iron Works desired a man to go to Penn Yan, Yates county, N. Y. , to learn the business of manufacturing horseshoes by machinery, and upon the recommendation of George A. Porter, they employed Mr. Cotton, who went to Penn Yan , and not being satisfied with the conduct of the business, recom mended bringing the shops to Syracuse, which removal was made. While erecting these shops in Syracuse and finishing the machinery, Mr. Cotton had the misfortune to lose his left hand, which barred him from the active prosecution of his adopted business. On January 1, 1880, through the influence of Messrs. Charles E. Hubbell and E. B. Van Dusen he was given an appointment in the County Clerk's office, as index clerk under William Cowie. He was again appointed under Mr. Gustavus Sniper, January 1, 1883. In 1884 Mr. Cotton represented the town of Geddes in the Board of Supervisors and served during that term on various committees. On Jan uary 1, 1886, he was appointed Deputy County Clerk under County Clerk J. Emmett Wells, and in 1888 was elected County Clerk and January 1, 1889, assumed control of the office. December 4, 1891, Mr. Cotton was removed from office by David B. Hill, governor of the State. This bold and unprecedented act on the part of Gov ernor Hill brought a whirlwind of wrath from the friends of Mr. Cotton. The storm which had been brewing in the political atmosphere since the election a month be fore now broke out with renewed violence. The efforts of Governor Hill and his party managers to induce Mr. Cotton to swerve from what he regarded as his duty in the premises were unavailing from first to last. The sin of Mr. Cotton, as viewed by these politicians, consisted in his refusing to issue to the Democratic candidate a certificate of election as Member of Assembly for the First District of Onondaga when ordered to do so by the Democratic Board of County Canvassers, P 58 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. On account of an error in arranging or delivering the ballots of the Republican candidates, they were transposed in some of the districts, and of the failure on the part of the inspectors of election to correctly make out the returns, enough of such ballots for the Republican candidate' for member of assembly, David Allen Munro, jr., were thrown out, by which the election was claimed for Mr. Ryan, the Dem ocratic candidate. Mr. Cotton believing that, no matter what the mistakes of the officials might be, the intention of the voter should govern in the matter, and under direction of the Supreme Court, refused to sign the certificate. Charges of " mal feasance in office" were immediately preferred against him. Upon the trial, "malfeasance" not being proven, "misconduct" was substituted, and, in the language of Governor Hill, "found substantially true," and an order removing Mr. Cotton from the office of county clerk was at once issued. At the same time a Dem ocratic county clerk was appointed by Governor Hill, who signed the alleged cer tificate of the Democratic member of assembly. From Governor Hill's decision there was no appeal in law, but the people of the State of New York have stamped their disapproval of the action of those who were instrumental in the stealing of the Legislature in the persons of those who were mostly instrumental in its accomplish ment. Although Mr. Cotton has held no political office since his removal from the county clerkship,- he has continued to take an active interest in the political affairs of the county and State. In fact, ever since he became a voter he has been prominently identified with the Republican party and its fortunes in Onondaga county. In the spring of 1893 Mr. Cotton was appointed general manager of Warners Portland Cement Company. After serving about two years in. that capacity the com pany became insolvent and he was named receiver to close up its affairs. Early in 1895 Mr. Cotton accepted a position in the mechanical department of the Solvay Process Company, which position he still holds (1896). Mr. Cotton married first in 1875 Anna R. Cain, daughter of Lyman and Jane Clark Cain of Elbridge. She died October 17, 1877. He married for his second wife, June 2, 1880, Mary Emily, daughter of Jere S. and Eliza Chatterton Reed, of Penn Yan, N. Y. By his first wife he had one daughter, Frances, and by his second wife one daughter, Laura Emily, and one son, Donald Reed Cotton. CHARLES C. COLE. Charles C. Cole, of Jordan, was born in the village of Weedsport, Cayuga county, September 2, 1851. He was scarcely two years of age when his father, David Cole. died, and in consequence he was early thrown upon his own resources to make his way in life. For several years he made his home at Phineas F. Wilson's, his mater nal grandfather, devoting himself to school and farm life. Mr. Wilson was one of the leading farmers in those days, and also owned what was known as the "Com munity " store in Weedsport, which- was under the management of David Cole up to the time of his death. David Cole was born in Skaneateles, where he spent most of his life previous to his residence in Weedsport. He descended from an old Massa chusetts family that was amongst the earliest settlers in the western part of the BIOGRAPHICAL. 59 county of Onondaga. His wife, Catherine, was the daughter of Phineas F. Wilson, previously referred to. Charles C. Cole was one of a family of four children, one of whom, Mrs. George E. Townsend, besides himself, is now living in Jordan. After attending the district school Mr. Cole attended the academy at Jordan, finishing his course there at six teen years of age. For three years thereafter he was engaged as clerk in the store of N. Craner at Jordan. From that time Jordan became his permanent home. He subsequently married Ella D., daughter of Mr. Craner, by whom he has had one son, Wayne U. The habit of thrift acquired during his early struggles to get on unaided, together with his natural characteristic energy, had made it possible during his years of clerkship to accumulate sufficient capital to venture in business on his own account. So after terminating his service for Mr. Craner Mr. Cole embarked in the flour and feed business in Jordan, in which line he continued a considerable time. The success achieved in this business enabled' him to branch out on a broader scale ; therefore on September 1, 1875, Mr. Cole formed a copartnership with Ezra B. Fancher, the former principal of the Jordan school, and at that time superintendent of the Seneca Falls public schools, the line of goods being hardware and all goods pertaining to that line of trade. The destruction of the store by fire one year later brought to a close Mr. Cole's first partnership, for Mr. Fancher then retired. The old building was replaced by Mr. Cole with a new and modern structure, adapted to the requirements of the prosperous business, which, by energy and enterprise he has built up. From 1876 to 1885 the business was conducted by Mr. Cole alone. In the mean time Mr. Cole had been appointed postmaster at Jordan by President Arthur, and this together with the increased cares of the business induced him to receive into partnership A. E. Brace of that place, and thus the firm became C. C. Cole & Co. The firm name since 1894 has been Cole & Brace. Mr. Cole is senior partner in an other firm, C. C. Cole & Co., dealers in agricultural implements, doing a large job bing trade through the several counties. During all the years since attaining his majority Mr. Cole has been no less active and zealous in political affairs than he has been in his own business interests. No campaign, whether local or of wider interest, has passed without his having taken a more or less prominent and influential part therein. His town and the county as well as the State owe much to his unflinching integrity and keen judgment while in their service. That this has been appreciated is evidenced by the fact that his town and district have never wavered in giving him their most cordial support, several times electing him to the most important offices within their gift. In 1886 he was chosen to represent his town in the Board of Supervisors, and served as such representative for three successive terms. During his service as a member of the board he held many important chairmanships, the last year being chairman of the board. In 1894 he was nominated and elected by an unparalleled majority to represent ¦his, the second, district in the Assembly, and was re-elected in 1895. The first year in the Legislature he was appointed a member of the committee on cities, and also had charge of the various Syracuse charter bills which were before the House at the time. He enjoyed the distinction of having successfully got through every bill pre sented to the Assembly during the session. At the convening of the Legislature in January, 1896, Mr. Cole was assigned to chairmanship of committee on trades and manufacture, and made a member of the 60 ONONDAGA'S- CENTENNIAL. ways and means committee. The recent reapportionment act having separated his district from the city of Syracuse, he was necessarily barred from his former position on the cities committee. Mr. Cole's Republicanism is always loyal, but not to the extent of being offensively partisan. NATHAN F. GRAVES. Hon. Nathan Fitch Graves was born in Westmoreland, Oneida county, N. Y. , February 17, 1813. His ancestors came from England in 1736 and settled in Connec ticut. Benjamin Graves, his great-grandfather, was in the war of the Revolution, was wounded m the defense of Fort Griswold, New London, Conn., and soon after died of his wounds. His grandfath er, Elijah, then sixteen years old, enlisted for the war and took his father's place. His father, Benjamin Graves, was in the war of 1812 and was on the march to defend Buffalo, but the place was burned before the company reached their destination. Nathan Graves was reared on a farm, where he labored in sum mer and attended the public school winters ; afterward he at tended a select school and acad emy. When sixteen years of age he began teaching and taught four winters. Deciding to study law he spent one year with J. Whipple Jenkins, esq., of Ver non, Oneida county, and was deputy postmaster of the village. His further clerkship was with Hon. Joshua A. Spencer, of Utica. He was admitted to practice in 1840 and became a partner of Timothy Beecher, esq. , of Oneida Castle. Mr. Graves was married in 1843 to Miss Helen P. Breese, who died in 1844. He afterward married Miss Catharine H. Breese, a sister of his first wife. Some years later Mr. Graves opened a law office in New York and secured a profitable practice. In consequence of impaired health, by the advice of hfs physician, he left New York and settled in Syracuse. The Bumet Bank was organized in 1852 and Mr. Graves was elected president. The name of the bank was changed first to the Fourth National Bank and in 1872 to the New York State Banking Company, but Mr. Graves has continued to be president. Nathan F. Graves. A. W. BINGHAM. BIOGRAPHICAL. 61 In 1872 Mr. and Mrs. Graves made a trip around the world. Mr. Graves was elected mayor of the city in 1874, and has been president of the Board of Education, trustee of Oakwood Cemetery, and trustee and vice-president of the Syracuse Sav ings Bank and the State Institution for Feeble-Minded Children. He has founded two lectureships on missions, one at the Theological Seminary at New Brunswick, N. J., and another at Syracuse University. He has built a fire-proof library build ing for Hope College and aided in supplying books. He had the dtgree of LL.D. conferred upon him in 1895. He is deeply interested in missions. He has one of the finest and largest private libraries in the State; it embraces upwards of 10,000 volumes, including " Audubon's Birds" and many other rare and costly works. His integrity to every trust is most conspicuous, and his will be esteemed a successful life. AUGUSTUS W. BINGHAM. < Augustus Whiting Bingham was born in Coventry, Conn., July 22, 1825. He was the eldest son of Horace Brewster and Emeline Jones Bingham. In 1836 he came with his parents to the town of Van Buren, Onondaga county, and the following year his father bought and settled upon the farm where he spent the rest of his life. He was one of the most progressive and prosperous farmers in the town. Mr. Horace B. Bingham was also a native of Coventry, Conn. , where his ancestry had lived for many years. He was born April 10, 1799, and died in Van Buren November 19, 1867. His wife was born July 18, 1803, and died July 18, 1892. Augustus W. Bingham never married but remained at the homestead, having charge of the farm and the various other interests, caring at the same time for his mother with filial tenderness during her life. Mr. Bingham was a man of the strict est integrity and uprightness in life, respected and loved by all who knew him. He was, too, a man of exceptional business ability which he turned to good account, not only in his own interest, but for many others who sought his counsel and advice in matters of business importance. He received his education in the schools of Van Buren, and for many years thereafter pursued the occupation of teaching school in winter and working on the farm during the summer. The universal confidence in his honesty led many persons in that part of the county to appoint him executor and administrator in the settlement of large estates. In every instance these trusts were discharged with faithfulness and satisfaction to all interested. Mr. Bingham was active and prominent in public affairs, always lending his influ ence for the advancement of the best interests of the community. In 1877 and 1878 he representee! his town as a Republican on the Board of Supervisors, and for the next succeeding three years was inspector of the Onondaga Penitentiary. In 1860 Mr. Bingham was elected justice of the peace of the town of Van Buren and with the exception of two years served in that capacity till his death. He was postmaster at Van Buren for twenty-four years, having received his appointment during Presi dent Grant's administration. He was prominently identified with several societies. January 13, 1850, he became a member of the Mohegan Lodge No. 29, I. O. O. F. and took a deep interest in the 62 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. building up of this order. In 1881 he was elected Grand Master of the State and in stituted twenty-seven lodges during his term of office. He was also District Grand Master for several terms, and it was through this close association with him that all his brethren in the order learned to respect him more with each succeeding year. Mr. Bingham was also a member of Seneca River Lodge No. 160 F. and A. M. Mr. Bingham had three sisters: Lydia M., who married Mr. John J. Mack of Weedsport, who still resides at that place. Mrs. Mack died in 1888. The second was Ann Eliza, who died in 1851, and a brother, Kirk C, who also died in 1851; Frances Augusta, the third sister, married Joseph Howard Palmer, of Yonkers, N. Y. He died June 27, 1892. Mrs. Palmer has three children, two sons and a daugh ter. ERNEST S. SAMPSON, M. D. Ernest S. Sampson, M. D., was born in Mexico, Oswego county, N. Y. , March 31, 1856. His early life was spent on his father's farm, near Mexico, barring a goodly part of it that was devoted to obtaining the foundation of an education in the country school. When he outgrew the common school he went to Mexico and entered the Academy, finally graduating from that institution in 1877. Subsequently he engaged at teaching during the winter while in summer he was employed at various occupa tions to accumulate a fund to aid him in the further prosecution of his studies. He had become inspired with the idea of a professional life, and it was with this end in view that he labored and studied. In the fall of 1877 he went to Aurora, 111., and entered the office of Dr. Abner Hard, a prominent physician and former army sur geon of high standing. After one year of study in Dr. Hard's office he spent nearly another year in Kankakee, Illinois, then returning to Mexico in 1879 he taught school for considerable time at Fair Haven and also resumed the study of medicine with Dr. George P. Johnson at Mexico. In the fall of 18S0 he entered the Albany Medical College, obtaining the degree of M. D. two years later. Thus he prepared himself for a professional life in which he has achieved substantial success. Dr. Sampson came from a family that was among the oldest settlers in Oswego county. He is a son of Asa L. Sampson, one of the leading farmers of the county, who has not only been prominent as an agriculturist but also in public affairs. In politics he has been an active worker and has been honored by several important offices, among them serving as a member of the county Board of Supervisors. Mr. Sampson, sr. , was also a native of Oswego county, born in 1825. His parents came from Massa chusetts and settled near Mexico when but few families had half the courage to un dertake the struggle of establishing a home there. They devoted their lives to clear ing and improving the land in and about Mexico. Asa L. Sampson, father of Dr. Sampson, married Elvira Holmes Porter, who is also now living. Dr. Sampson was the second of a family of eight children, there being seven brothers and one sister. Five of the sons are still living. Dr. Sampson is a member of the Onondaga County Medical Society and also a prom inent member of the Masonic body. He has been health physician several terms, and has been active in Republican politics in the northern part of Onondaga county. ERNEST S. SAMPSON, M. D. BIOGRAPHICAL. 63 Dr. Sampson has practiced his profession in North Syracuse since 1882, having built up a prosperous business In August, 1895, Dr. Sampson married Miss Ruth Tomp kins, daughter of Henry and Emily Tompkins, of Cigarville, N. Y. ALFRED A. HOWLETT. Alfred A. Howlett, grandson of Parley, sr., was born on Howlett Hill in the town of Onondaga on February 17, 1821. Parley Howlett, sr., was one of three brothers who came from England, but sailed from France, and settled in Shaftsbury, Vt. He married Barsheba Parker and in 1797 came to Onondaga county, locating in Onondaga Hollow, whence he removed in the same year to Howlett Hill, where he died in 1803. He had five sons and three daughters, of whom Parley, jr. , born in Shaftsbury June 1, 1784, became a large farmer and a salt manufac turer at Geddes, being the first to ship salt west, via Oswego River and the lakes, exchang- ging. it for horses and cattle, which he brought east ; after the Erie Canal was complet ed he packed his meat in Syracuse, having a packing house opposite the present weigh lock, and was the first in this county to ship beef and pork east by that water way. He married, July 21, 1805, Phebe Robins, a native of Connecticut, and died May 18, 1861. Their children were Solomon R., Horatio G., Myron P., Latitia E., Jane M. , Parley L. , Alfred A. , Celestia S. , Daniel, Francis C. , and Jerome. Alfred A. How lett was reared on a farm, was early employed as collector by Horace and Hamilton White, bankers in Syracuse, and in 1842 purchased the old packing establishment of his father in Geddes. In 1843 he established a packing house in Delphi, Ind. , and later one in Oswego, N. Y., where he also engaged in the elevator, milling, and banking business, being connected with such firms as Spears, Case &Co., at Delphi, and Ames, Howlett & Co., in banking, and Howlett, Gardner & Co., in milling, etc., at Oswego. In 1867 the packing business was discontinued. In 1852 he became a director in the Salt Springs Bank of Syracuse, in January, 1859, he was elected vice-president and Alfred A. Howlett. 64 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. and acted as cashier ; in June following he was made president ; in 1865 the institu tion was reorganized into the Salt Springs National Bank, of which Mr. Howlett has continuously served as president. He was one of the incorporators and first directors and later president of the Syracuse and Chenango Valley Railroad. In 1880 he was elected a trustee at large of Syracuse University. He has been president of the Syr acuse Gas Light and New York Brick and Paving Companies ; a director in the old Syracuse Water Company (forty-two years), and Syracuse-Brewerton Plank Road Company; vice-president of the Charleston, Sumter, and Northern Railroad Com pany; and a trustee of the Onondaga County Orphan Asylum. June 19, 1844, he married Minerva, daughter of Leonard Ames, of Mexico, N. Y. , and they had two children: Alfred Ames Howlett, a director in the Salt Springs National Bank, presi dent of the Carolina Land and Improvement Company, of Sumter, S. C. , and the prime mover in constructing the C. , S. & N. R. R., mentioned above; and Augusta Adell, who married J. F. Durston, of Syracuse, and died January 7, 1896. JOHN MARSELLUS. John Marsellus, one of the prominent manufacturers of Syracuse, is the only sur viving son of Robert Osborne and Maria (Ouderkirk) Marsellus, both of Holland Dutch descent, and was born February 2, 1846, in Schenectady, N. Y., where his father, who was born there April 7, 1824, still lives. His mother was born December 23, 1826, and died June 20, 1895; of her two children Edward, the youngest, died in infancy. His paternal ancestor was Janse von Bommel Marselis, who was bora at Bommel in Guilderland, Holland, married Annatie Gerritse, came to America about 1650, and settled at Beverwyck (now Albany), where he was for many years a farmer and innkeeper. There his children also settled, excepting Ahasuerus and Gerrit, who removed to Schenectady. The latter with his wife and child was killed in the massacre of February 9, 1690; one child, Myndert, was saved and was living in Schenectady in 1709. The line of descent to the subject of this sketch is 1, Janse von Bommel Marselis (the immigrant), of Beverwyck ; 2, Ahasuerus, a cordwainer, who married Sara Heemstraat, and settled in Schenectady about 1698; 3, Johannes, merchant, born June 26, 1698, married Sara De Graaf ; 4, Ahasuerus, born June 26, 1726, married Maria, daughter of Hendrick Vrooman in 1749, served as captain in the Revolutionary war, and was killed at Bemis Heights in Saratoga county; 5, Nicolaas, born August 8, 1766, married Machtelt, daughter of Isaac Rosa, in 1788,' and died August 12, 1848, having had born to him eleven children ; 6. Ahasuerus, born December 28, 1788, married Cornelia, daughter of John C. and Maria (daughter of Cornelius Van Slyck) Barhydt, who was born October 3, 1790, and 'had nine chil dren: John A., Matilda, Maria, Nicholas, Isaac, 7, Robert O., Henry, Cornelius, and James. Of these James, Nicholas, and Cornelius served honorably as volunteers in the war of the Rebellion, as did also Edward Forrest, son of Maria, who became first lieutenant under General Hooker and fell in battle near Chattanooga. On his mother's side Mr. Marsellus descends from: Jan Janse Ouderkirk, a cooper in Beverwyck, known as early as 1664, and prob- BIOGRAPHICAL. 65 ably the earliest settler of this name in or about Albany or Schenectady. He was commonly called " Smalle Cuyper." His son, Pieter Ouderkirk, was married in 1704, in Niskayuna, to Alida, daughter of Johan nes Clute, and their children were Johannes, born in February, 1705 ; Johannes, in January, 1707 ; Bata, in January, 1716, and Pieter in May, 1720. The latter, Pieter Ouderkirk, born May 8, 1720, married Machtelt, daughter of Takel Heem- straat, June 18, 1755. Their children were Alida, baptized April 25, 1756; Takel, June 11, 1758; Maria, November 3, 1760; Petrus, April 20, 1763; Anna, September 20, 1769; Johannes, May 13, 1772; and Isaac. Johannes (or John) Ouderkirk, born May 13, 1772, married Elizabeth Clute December 7, 1793, and had children, Machtelt, baptized November 24, 1794; Peter, born December 25, 1795 ; and Maria, born May 28, 1801. John Ouderkirk died and his widow married a Van Loan, who was an officer in the war of 1812. Peter Ouderkirk, born at Guilderland, Albany county, December 25, 1795, married Susan Maria Winne February 21, 1817, at Schenectady. Their children were Eliza beth O., born January 13, 1818; Follica W., February 9, 1819; Elizabeth, March 20, 1821; John D., May 10. 1823; Maria, December 23, 1826; Follica Ann, July 8, 1828; Edward Walton, April 15, 1831; Daniel David Campbell, January 13, 1833; Mary Ann Winne, September 12, 1836; Isaac Yates, July 14, 1839; Jane Helen Winne, November 15, 1841 ; and Henrietta Yates, September 12, 1844. Peter Ouderkirk served in the war of the Rebellion in 1861 as a soldier in the 134th Regiment N. Y. Vols. His fifth child, Maria, married Robert O. Marsellus, as pre viously mentioned. John Marsellus received his education in the public schools and Classical Institute of his native city and began business life as clerk for John Xavier, a dealer in fancy goods, with whom he remained about three years. He then spent a similar period as bookkeeper for Young & Graham, booksellers, and Andrew Mathews, dry goods merchant. In 1865 he went to New York city to seek his fortune, and entered the employ of Thorne, Carroll & Co. , importers of hosiery and gloves, with whom he re mained seven years, rising from an humble position to the responsible post of book keeper and cashier. In 1872, having acquired a practical experience in commercial affairs, he engaged in business for himself as the junior member in the firm of H. E. Taylor & Co., manufacturers of undertakers' sundries, an industry with which he has ever since been actively and prominently identified. Their operations had de veloped and spread over a wide territory, but Central New York, after about five years, promised additional advantages as a field for manufacture. Accordingly in the spring of 1877 Mr. Marsellus came to Syracuse, then wholly Unoccupied so far as their enterprise was concerned, and on May 1 started a branch of the New York house at old Nos. 79 and 81 South Clinton street. In the following year he purchased the business and became sole owner, and under his able management it proved suc cessful from the start. It was the first and only industry of the kind ever success fully inaugurated in Onondaga county. In 1883 the general manufacture of under takers' specialties and supplies was commenced in the old Gere block in Geddes, the business headquarters continuing in South Clinton street. In 1887, the operations of the concern having outgrown its original and subse quently added quarters, the construction of a commodious brick building was begun on the site bounded by Van Rensselaer, Richmond, and Tracy streets, in the Third J 66 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. ward. It was soon afterward enlarged and has since furnished accommodations for the entire business and manufacturing interests of the establishment. The main building is 60 by 220 feet in size, four stories high, and is connected with a power house, dry kiln, barn, lumber sheds, storehouse, etc. The plant is one of the model institutions of the United States; there are others larger, but none better adapted to the purpose for which it was designed. Mr. Marsellus was chairman of the building committee, and himself was largely responsible for the plans and unexcelled conven iences of this noteworthy plant. Here as many as 100 hands are employed in the manufacture of fine burial caskets, finished in wood and covered with cloth, and of a general line of undertakers' sundries, and in wholesaling cabinet hardware, upholst ery goods, etc. In January, 1888, the John Marsellus Manufacturing Company was incorporated with a capital of $65,000, which was later increased to $80,000 and finally to $100,000. The officers were John Marsellus, president; F. S. Wicks, vice- president; Oscar D. Byers, secretary; Charles B. Kiggins, treasurer, all of whom still hold their respective positions. These are men of recognized business ability, and to them is due a large measure of credit for their individual efforts. The com pany is a member of the National Burial Case Manufacturers' Association, of which Mr. Marsellus is individually an officer, and enjoys a wide reputation for fair dealing, which has been built up on the basis of manufacturing and handling only the choicest, best, and most desirable goods. To Mr. Marsellus is largely due the successful institution and maintenance of this important enterprise, which ranks among the leading manufacturing industries of Syracuse. Beginning with practically nothing save rare business ability and unusual energy he has by his own efforts founded a corporation which exceeds in extent and capacity many similar concerns in the United States and which as a factory equals or excels in completeness any plant of its kind in this country. His good judgment and sound business methods have placed this great industry upon a prosperous basis, building it up step by step from a modest beginning to extensive proportions, with a trade covering many points in New York and adjoining States. Mr. Marsellus for many years took an active interest in politics. While engaged in business in New York he resided in Mount Vernon, a suburb of that city, where he was president of the Young Men's Republican Club during the Hayes campaign, and where he served for several years as secretary of the Citizens' Association, as an officer of the Reformed church and superintendent of its Sunday school, and as a member of the Volunteer Fire Department, in which he became an «xempt fireman. There he was also prominently connected with various organizations of a literary, fraternal and musical character, being also for some time a member of the well known Franklin Literary Society of Brooklyn. In Syracuse he has been identified with the Young Men's Christian • Association during the most of his residence here, serving for two years as its president and continuously as one of its board of man agers. He has also been a member of the State Executive Committee of that worthy body. He has served as elder in the Reformed church in James street since 1878, being one of the youngest men ever elected to that office in that society, and has frequently been a lay delegate to the General Synod of the Reformed Church of America. In fact he has always taken an active and a prominent part in Y.M.C.A., church, and Sunday school work, a calling for which he has a natural taste and in clination, and is vice-president of the City Sunday School Association. He is a ALFRED E. STACEY. BIOGRAPHICAL. 67 member of the Business Men's Association and was vice-president of its predecessor, the old Board of Trade, is an honorary member of the old Sumner Corps, and was the first president of the Commercial Travelers' Branch, a co-operative savings asso ciation organized in 1891. He was also one of the incorporators and for a time a director of the old Empire Mutual Accident Association of Schenectady. He is past regent of Central City Council No. 383, R. A. , member of the Onondaga County Anglers' Association, and senior member of Syracuse of the Holland Society of New York city, which he joined March 30, 1887. He has served as member of various campaign committees and as delegate to several political conventions. He is an enthusiastic outdoor sportsman, an appreciative lover of nature, and finds the keenest enjoyment in the wilds of the Adirondacks. As a speaker Mr. Marsellus has frequently taken an active part at meetings of undertakers' associations and other assemblages, and on the platform has won deserved applause and recognition. His abilities as a writer were manifest at the early age of thirteen, when at Schenectady he was on one occasion reprimanded with others for wearing badges symbolizing patriotism and loyalty. Full of fire and love of country he eould not brook this repression, and wrote a significant article on the subject which aroused general approval. He has often contributed valuable papers to the leading trade journals and is the author of numerous articles on Y. M. C. A„ church, Sunday school, and other topics, many of which have been read be fore conventions and other assemblages. He has never sought political preferment, but finds time during a busy business life to devote to the general interests of the community, and conscientiously aids and promotes all worthy enterprises of an elevating nature. He is a man of strict integrity, upright, honest, and industrious, regardful of the rights and privileges of others, persevering, energetic — traits of character to which he owes in large measure his success and prominence. Mr. Marsellus was married on October 13, 1875, to Miss Sarah A. , youngest daugh ter of Capt. Thomas Brewster Hawkins, of Port Jefferson, L. I. They have four chil dren: Irene Hawkins and May Winne, students in the High School, and John Carroll and Sarah Cornelia, students in Prescott Grammar School. Captain Hawkins, father of Mrs. sMarsellus, is the only yachtsman now living who was a member of the New York Yacht Club in 1852. In 1857 he designed and built the noted yacht Wanderer, which for a time was the fastest sailing craft afloat. He has long been one of the best known sailing masters in America. ALFRED E. STACEY. Hon. Alfred Edwin Stacey is a native of Elbridge, where he now resides. He was born January 20, 1846, and through all his life has been a citizen of this town. Not only has he been a citizen in the ordinary sense of the word, he has been active, energetic, straightforward, and always identified with the town's best in terests. He was one of a family of seven children, all of whom were reared in El bridge, and all remained in the county except James, who went in 1867 to Missouri. As a school boy Alfred E. was educated in the Munro Collegiate Institute, under the instruction of Prof. T. K. Wright, one of the foremost educators of the country. 68 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Upon quitting school at sixteen years of age he accepted a clerkship with A. Wood & Sons, general merchants in Elbridge. After a service of two years in that capacity he resigned and enlisted as a soldier in the 9th N. Y. Heavy Artillery, serving till the close of the war. He was the youngest member of his company, and in point of size probably the smallest, as he then weighed only 106 pounds. Three of his brothers were also his comrades in the Civil war, Anthony in the 19th N.Y. Infantry, afterwards changed to the 3d Light Artillery ; after serving his term of enlistment and being honorably discharged, he re-enlisted in Battery L, 9th Heavy Artillery, with George, a member of Battery L, 9th N. Y. Heavy Art, and James in. the 15th N. Y. Engineers. Alfred, Anthony, and George were with Sheridan at Cedar Creek and afterwards with General Grant at Petersburg and Appomatox. As a result of this service at Cedar Creek Mr. Stacey received two gunshot wounds. After his discharge from the army in 1865 .he returned to Elbridge and again entered the Munro Collegiate Institute, and afterwards engaged as clerk till 1869. At that time he formed a copartnership with Mrs. B. A. Wood and they purchased the stock and interest of A. Wood & Sons and entered into business under the firm name of A. E. Stacey & Co. , this firm conducting the business until 1872. Mr. Stacey then carried it on till 1884. In the meanwhile (in 1881) Mr. Stacey bought the Rowe chair factory at Elbridge and carried on the manufacture of that line of goods. In 1884 he bought and consolidated with this the Sweet chair factory. • So successful had he been in this industry that the old quarters became inadequate, therefore in 1888 he built the large and commodious structure which he now occupies for his factory and woodworking business. Besides this he bought in 1886 the large flouring mill and water power of Mrs. James Munro, and has now one of the most modern and best equipped mills in this section of the State. Energy and good business ability have won for Mr. Stacey success in a large degree. He was a son of Richard and Agnes (Pierce) Stacey, who came from Somerset shire, England, and settled in Elbridge in 1834. They were industrious and respected members of the community in which they lived many years, contributing to its thrift and progress, as well as to its social and religious advancement. Mr. Stacey died in 1863, his wife surviving till 1875. While Alfred E. Stacey has been active and successful in building up and conducting his business affairs he has also given much valuable^ime and service in the interest of public affairs. Every plan that has been on foot for the betterment of the town and county has found him in hearty sympathy with its advancement. As a result of his energy and regard for the best interests of Elbridge, Mr. Stacey has built up the industries of the village, not only by increasing those of his own, but by inducing other manufactories to locate at that place. In politics Mr. Stacey has always been an earnest, active Republican, always zealous in its interest and ever faithful to the trusts that the party has imposed in him. He has been honored at home by having been chosen as president of the vil lage, as well as its clerk for several terms. He has also been its postmaster and was instrumental during his term of introducing the money order system, and increasing its mail service, thereby more than doubling the receipts of the office. Few State or county conventions have been held in recent years that he was not chosen to repre sent his town as delegate therein. In 1886 he was elected to represent the Second Onondaga District in the Assembly, and was re-elected in 1887 by a majority of JOHN Y. ANDREWS. BIOGRAPHICAL. 69 nearly 600 over Hon, W. B. Kirk, after one of the hardest contests on the part of his opponent that was ever waged in the district. During his service as member he was successful in securing the passage of the law which removed the necessity of indigent soldiers or sailors of the Civil war applying to the poormaster for aid or being confined in the poorhouses of the State. This equitable and just law is still in force in New York State. Mr. Stacey was in the Assembly at the time Frank Hiscock was elected United States senator, and, like Grant's famous "306," he was one of the eleven who stood firm and unwavering till it resulted in his candidate's election. He served on the Committee on Railroads, and was also chairman of the Committee on Charitable and Religious Societies. The Anthony Stacey Post, G. A. R. , named in honor of his brother, was organized through Mr. Stacey' s efforts, and it was through his influence it was located in El bridge. Mr. Stacey has taken a deep interest in this organization, and has attended all its conventions. He is also a prominent member of the Odd Fellows, in which lodge he has occupied all the chairs; has been its Noble Grand, and elected to repre sent the lodge in the State conventions. Mr. Stacey's first wife was Ellen, daughter of David Gorham, by whom he had three children, Mabel C, Maud E., and one son. who died in infancy. Mrs. Stacey died in 1881. In 1883 Mr. Stacey married for his second wife Jessie, daughter of S. B. Rowe, of Camillus. They have one son, Alfred Edwin. JOHN'Y. ANDREWS. John Y. Andrews was was born in Clyde, Wayne county, April 30, 1866, but has been a resident of Jordan since he was six years of age. He is a son of Gregory G. Andrews, who was born in Seneca Falls in 1836. Gregory G. Andrews spent his early life in his native town, but as he came to manhood and decided upon an occupation, his inclination led him to that of a locomotive engineer. So he began a service on the N. Y. C. R. R. , and, after the usual preparatory experience, assumed the part of engineer on the main line of that road. He still continues in that capacity, being one of the oldest and most capable engineers in that large force of experienced men. They lived several years in Clyde previous to moving to Jordan, and it was during the residence there that the son, John Y., was born. Mr. Andrews married Ellen Cullen, of Montezuma, Cayuga county, N. Y. After moving to Jordan in 1872 John Y. attended the public school, and finally entered the Jordan Academy and completed a full course in that institution, gradu ating in 1884. For the next two succeeding years he taught school in Elbridge, after which he was employed two years as clerk in the N. Y. C. freight office. He then entered the law office of M. E. & G. W. Driscoll, Syracuse, where for one year and a half he read law. Jn the fall of 1888 he began a course at the Albany Law School, and in 1889 obtained the degree of LL. B. The following six months were spent in the law office of N. C. Watson in Jordan. That fall Mr. Andrews entered the law office of Stedman, Thompson & Andrews, in 70 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Albany, and remained there as a student till 1890. While there he was admitted to the practice, and the next July Mr. Andrews opened an office for the practice of his profession in the village of Jordan. Except for a temporary absence he has devoted himself to the law ever since. Mr. Andrews is fast securing a prominent place in the profession in the county. He possesses native ability in no small degree, and that, together with a large amount of energy and marked integrity, is sure to win for him a position of distinction. While Mr. Andrews has been attentive to his practice he has at the same time been an active participant in the conduct of political affairs in his town. A Republican in politics, and active in the party's interest, he has become one of the recognized lead ers in the town. He was so favorably regarded by the townspeople that in 1891 they elected him to the office of town clerk, and that against a large nominal Democratic majority, and the significant feature of the result was that Mr. Andrews was the only Republican who succeeded at the polls that election. The same year he was elected police jus tice for the village of Jordan, and in 1894 was appointed justice of the peace to fill a vacancy. In 1895 he was chosen as its party's regular nominee for that office, and received the almost unanimous support of the voters of the town Mr. Andrews is also a member of the Masonic body, being identified with Jordan Lodge 386, as its Master. April 20, 1892, Mr. Andrews was united in marriage to Mary A. Broughton, daugh ter of Samuel R. and Mary Broughton of Jordan. Mrs. Andrews received her edu cation at the Jordan Academy. They have two children, Marian Belle, born March 28, 1893, and Milton F., born September 3, 1895. Mr. and Mrs. Andrews are attendants at the Presbyterian church. NICHOLAS PETERS, Sr. Nicholas Peters, Sr. , for many years one of the leading German merchants in Syracuse, is a son of John and Margaretta (Schumer) Peters, and was born in Wad- rill, Rhine Province, Germany, August 24, 1824. He inherited those sturdy and thrifty qualities of manhood which distinguish his race, and which have marked his long and successful life. He remained on the parental farm until the age of eighteen, enjoying such meager educational advantages as the schools of his native village afforded, and afterward worked in grist mills in the vicinity of his birthplace. But his energies sought a wider sphere of activity, while his natural love of personal free dom craved a land of liberty, and bidding adieu to friends and fatherland he sailed for America, landing in New York city unmarried and alone on August 9, 1847. At that period a move of this kind was a. great undertaking, and especially so to Mr. Peters, who was among the first to leave his native village. He came alone and with no means, and found himself in this country among strangers. Going at once to near Boston, Mass., he was employed for one year in the Boston water works. In August, 1848, he settled permanently in Syracuse, where he first found employment with Bennett, Adams & Co. (David S. Bennett and Elisha Adams), storage mer chants, grain dealers, and forwarders in East Water street, with whom he remained BIOGRAPHICAL. 71 twenty-five months. He then purchased a horse and cart and for six years followed carting in this city. His habits of frugality enabled him to lay aside a respectable portion of his modest earnings, and in 1854 he bought of William and Donald Kirk patrick the property on the northeast corner of Lodi and Pond streets. That part of the city was then almost entirely farm land, there being only two houses in the block. He very soon commenced the erection of a brick building, the first on the old Kirkpatrick tract, which comprised four blocks to the north and east. Here in 1856 he opened a small grocery store, which formed the nucleus of the subsequent business of Nicholas Peters & Co., and which credited him, therefore, with being the pioneer merchant in that section of Syracuse. This enterprise proved successful from the start. Within a few years he rebuilt, and from time to time added to the struc ture to meet the demands of his ever increasing trade, the last and heaviest altera tions to the building being made about 1874. Dry goods, then wall paper, and finally clothing were successively added to the original grocer}' business until it be came the largest establishment of its kind on the north side. In 1865 Mr. Peters's half-brother, Jacob Knapp, was admitted to partnership under the firm name of Nicholas Peters & Brother, which continued until 1874, when his eldest son, Henry C. Peters, was given an interest under the style of Nicholas Peters, Brother & Son. Their trade had now spread to all parts of the city and in volume aggregated nearly $500,000 annually, but the small-pox epidemic of 1875 proved dis astrous, not only to them, but to man}- of the best mercantile houses in Syracuse. The firm, however, weathered the general business depression until January 1, 1877, when it went into voluntary bankruptcy and compromised with its creditors for twenty cents on the dollar, receiving receipts in full on that basis. In 1883 Henry C. Peters withdrew from the concern and the old firm name of Nicholas Peters & Brother was restored, but in January, 1884, Mr. Knapp retired and Mr. Peters's son, Nicholas Peters, jr., came in under the style of Nicholas Peters & Co., which has ever since continued. January 1, 1889, another son, Jacob, and a nephew, Nicholas G. Peters, were admitted, and on January 1. 1894, Nicholas Peters, sr. , permanently retired to private life, leaving the old established business in the han.ds of its present owners, Nicholas, jr., Jacob, and Nicholas G. Peters. Before retiring from the establishment he had founded and so successfully con ducted Mr. Peters voluntarily discharged an obligation which few men in like cir cumstances have ever undertaken, and which stamps him par-excellence an honest citizen. After the firm settled with its creditors in 1877 for twenty per cent, of their indebtedness he resolved that, should fortune favor him, he would reimburse them for his share (one-half) of the remainder. With this end in view he laid aside small sums of money from time to time until February, 1892, fifteen years after the failure, he paid in full his portion of the outstanding obligations. This was wholly a vol untary act, and was accomplished at great expense and time in looking up old creditors, many of whom had died or gone out of business. It was the crowning achievement of his long and eventful mercantile career. Mr. Peters has traveled extensively, not only in America, but in many countries in Europe, and has acquired a large fund of general information. Born in Germanv, and inheriting the sterling characteristics of his German ancestors, he naturally re tains an imperishable love for fatherland, but being imbued from childhood with all those attributes of independence and self-reliance which make the successful citizen, 72 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. he has ever been an enthusiastic admirer and supporter of the country of his adop tion, where his most cherished ambitions have been fully realized. His career is the natural product of the sturdy German on Amerian soil, of one transplanted from amid the environments of royalty and favored rulers to the land of liberty and free dom, surrounded by advantages and institutions which develop instead of impover ish, and broaden instead of contract. Love of freedom and liberty is one of the strongest traits of his character, and in a large measure guided him in deciding to emigrate, a step he has never regretted. Thoroughly American in heart and mind, and imbued with unswerving patriotism and loyalty, his love for this country is per haps stronger than that of the majority of native born citizens, for he can intelligently contrast the two governments with their respective perquisites and advantages. Mr. Peters is a man of the strictest integrity, upright, honest, and conscientious, enter prising, energetic, and widely respected. He has always taken a keen interest in the general advancement of the city and especially of the German element, of which he is a leading representative. In politics he is a staunch Republican, but has never sought and only twice accepted public office. He was for one year supervisor from the Second ward, where he has resided since 1851, and during one term served as excise commissioner under Mayor Charles P. Clark. He was elected a trustee of the Syracuse Savings Bank about twenty-five years ago and still holds this position of trust, being one of the oldest directors of that institution in point of service now living. October 24, 1850, Mr. Peters was married in Syracuse to Miss Gertrude Falk, who was born in Haupschwenda, Hesse Castle, Germany, October 3, 1828, and came to America with her brother and sister July 1, 1849. They have had six children: Henry Conrad, born August 3, 1851; Nicholas, jr., born August 27, 1853; Jacob, born September 11, 1859; Frank George, born August 18, 1851, died May 13, 1893; John Matthew, born November 2, 1863; all in Syracuse; and Gertrude Martha, born September 24, 1869, in Dresden, Saxony, Ger-many. Mr. Peters was himself de prived in early life of the advantages afforded by the schools and colleges of this country, and fully realizing by experience the necessity of a classical as well as an English training he has given to each of his children an excellent education, ably fitting them' for the career for which they were best qualified by nature. All attended the public schools of Syracuse and became proficient in the ordinary branches of study. In February, 1869, the parents visited Germany, taking with them Nicholas, jr., Frank G., John M., and Jacob, of whom the latter was then in delicate health. They took up their their temporary residence in Dresden, where Nicholas, jr., re mained two years attending the best schools of that city. Mr. Peters returned in August and his wife with three sons and babe in December. Frank G. , after grad uating from the Syracuse High school, entered Phillips Exeter Academy at Exeter, N. H., and was graduated therefrom in 1882. In September of that year he entered Yale College, passing his examinations with unusual merit, and was graduated from that institution with high honors as A.B. in 1886, receiving the Townsend prize for oratory and literature. There he was a prominent athlete, being a member of the best boat crew and foot-ball team, and serving for one year as captain of the latter organization. After graduating he went St. Paul, Minn., read law with Lusk & Bunn, and was admitted to the bar of that State in 1889. He opened a law office in St. Paul in partnership with Mr. Booth, also a Yale graduate, and practiced his pro- "W^2^-/>4^X^ ^2>. BIOGRAPHICAL. 73 fession there until 1891, when he took charge of the law departments of various busi ness interests in West Superior, Wis., for Henry Minot, of Boston, and continued in that capacity till his death. John M. was also graduated with high honors from Phillips Exeter Academy in 1884, being historian of his class. He entered Harvard Medical College in Boston, received the degree of M. D., was immediately made house physician in Rhode Island Hospital at Providence, and eighteen months later was appointed by Governor Tafft superintendent of that excellent institution, which position he still holds. Gertrude M., the youngest child, is now a student at Barry, Mass. While Mr. Peters was educating these sons and starting them upon careers of usefulness he was also saving sufficient funds to voluntarily pay off his portion of the old indebtedness of the firm. This was accomplished only by continued self- denial and strict economy, but the end fully justified every effort and the fondest hopes. And now at the close of a long and active life, surrounded by a competency created by his own hands, and by children whose futures promise brilliant achieve ments, he views with satisfaction and commendable pride the work of nearly half a century, the fruits of industry, ambition, and personal application, and the proud position of an honest man and respected citizen. CHARLES M. MAGEE, M. D. Charles Marquis Magee, M. D., is a son of Col. John and Marietta (Patchin) Magee, and was born in Groveland, Livingston county, N. Y., on the 6th day of De cember, 1856. The family is of Scotch-Irish descent. His grandfather, William Magee, came with two brothers from the North of Ireland, settled in Livingston countv, N. Y. , and died there; one of the brothers went South, while a son of the other located in Bath and afterward in Watkins and founded that branch of the family. Col. John Magee, son of William, was appointed by Gov. William H. Seward lieutenant- colonel of militia in 1836 and colonel in 1842, and died in Livings ton county. He was also the father of Walter Warren Magee, now a prominent young lawyer in Syracuse. Dr. Charles M. Magee' s early education was received in common schools and in the State Normal School at Geneseo, N. Y. At an early age he decided to become a physician, and with that end in view he entered Bellevue Hospital Medical College in New York city, from which he was graduated with distinction in the class of 1880. Since then he has resided in Syracuse, where by his energy and skill he has won a place in the front rank of his profession. For several years he steadily built up and maintained a large general practice, but his natural ability and untiring persever ance led him into intricate surgical operations, in which he met with uniform success. In 1893, having determined to make abdominal surgery and diseases of women a specialty, he went to New York city and took special instruction under Dr. Florin Krug, the celebrated specialist in gynecology, and returning to Syracuse opened a private sanitarium for women to meet the needs and demands in this line of work. Since then he has devoted his time almost exclusively to the practice of abdominal surgery and the treatment of diseases of women, and during his short career in this direction he has acquired a wide and favorable reputation. He was the first in Syra- J 74 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. cuse to perform total hysterectomy, an operation at once difficult and rare, and was also the first surgeon in this city to perform intubation, which is now quite frequently practiced. Dr. Magee is a charter member of the Syracuse Academy of Medipine, and is also a member of the Onondaga County Medical Society, the New York Medi cal Association, and Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A. M. HENRY GIFFORD. The ancestors of Henry Gifford were of English and more recently ot Norman ex traction, his family records extending back to the time of the Conquest, when Sire Randolphe de Gifforde was rewarded for services rendered at the battle of Hastings with lands in Somersetshire and Cheshire, England. A son of Sir Ambrose Gifford emigrated to Massachusetts Bay in 1630 and founded the family from which the sub ject of this memoir was directly descended. -Henry Gifford was born in Harwich, Mass., September 4, 1801, passed his child hood and early youth in his native town, and while still young moved to South Yar mouth, where, in a leading Quaker family, he formed prin ciples and friendships which were never relinquished, and where he also acquired a prac tical knowledge of the manu facture of salt. This latter bus iness induced him in 1821 to re move, in company with Stephen Smith, of New Bedford, to the then village or hamlet of Syra cuse, more generally known at that time as Cossit's Corners. Here he actively entered into the development of the great salt industry, with which he was so long identified. The Onondaga Salt Company was established through the enter prise of Judge Joshua Forman, and Mr. Smith became its con trolling agent, while Mr. Gif ford superintended the con struction. For more than fifty years after this Mr. Gifford was successfully engaged in salt manufacturing, and though extensively engaged in various other enterprises he never entirely withdrew from his original investment. In politics Mr. Giffqrd was first a Whig, and afterward a Republican of pronounced Henry Gifford. BIOGRAPHICAL. 75 anti-slavery convictions, yet he never sought public office. He nevertheless wielded a powerful influence in the councils of his party and in all movements affecting the general welfare of the community, and this was always exercised on the part of moderation, humanity, and justice. He was extensively identified with the busi ness interests and commercial prosperity of Syracuse, owning considerable real estate in various parts of the city, notably a large tract along Gifford street, which was named after him. He held several positions of trust, and responsibility, being at the time of his death vice-president of the Syracuse Savings Bank (of which he was one of the incorporators) trustee of the Syracuse Water Works Company, and director in the Syracuse Gas Light Company and Salt Springs National Bank. Both he and his estimable wife were very early members of the First Presbyterian church and remained consistent communicants until their deaths. He was one of the build ing committee which erected the present stone edifice, being one of the foremost in that worthy achievement. Mr. Gifford was a true gentleman of the old school, kind, considerate, dignified, and enterprising. He won universal respect and esteem, and during an active career achieved success and lasting reputation. In 1834 he pur chased of the Syracuse Land Company a building lot on the southwest corner of West Genesee and North West streets, the former then the Genesee turnpike, and in 1835 erected thereon the present Gifford homestead, in which most of his children were born and reared, and where three daughters still reside. It is believed that no other house in the city has been occupied during a longer period by the family for whom it was originally built. Mr. Gifford died June 20, 1872, at Avon Springs, N. Y. , whither he had gone in search of health. Mr. Gifford was married in 1826 to Miss Phebe, daughter of Obediah and Mary Thomas (Morse) Dickinson, who was born in Salisbury, Conn., November 20, 1801, became motherless at a tender age, and with an only sister was reared and educated by her maternal grandfather, a staunch and worthy representative of the old time school of gentlemen. They were married at the residence of her aunt, Mrs. Archi bald Kasson, who lived where the old depot subsequently stood, at the western ex tremity of Vanderbilt Square. She was a lady of rare culture and refinement, a good French scholar, a correct artist in water colors, unostentatiously charitable, and a devoted Christian, wife and mother. She also possessed scientific attainments of a high order. She died April 13, 1871, after an illness covering a period of eight years. Their children were Phebe Kelly, Sylvanus Morse, Mary Eliza, Mary Eliza beth (Mrs. J. N. Babcock), Henry Brooks, George Thomas, Francis P., Martha, Helen M., George Sylvanus, and Isabella Grahame, all of whom are deceased ex cept Henry Brooks, of Grinnell, Iowa; and Mrs. Babcock, Frances P., and Helen M., of Syracuse. ANDREW DICKSON WHITE, M. A., LL.D., L. H. D. Almost in the exact geographical center of the State of New York there suns itself in the upper valley of a tributary of the Susquehanna a tidy village on which the impoverished fancy of an official map-maker has set the ancient name of Homer. Ancient, indeed, for its region is the village itself. The settlers from Massachusetts 76 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. and from Connecticut who pushed westward along the valleys of the Mohawk and the Susquehanna, reaching these uplands in the last decade of the eighteenth cent ury, settled here more thickly than elsewhere, and for half a century — till its neigh bor settlement of Cortland, once its suburb but soon its rival, crowded it from the pre-eminence — it was, not only in the number of its citizens, but in their thrift, their piety, and their public spirit, the recognized metropolis of the district. It was here, in the midst of all that is conservative in American life, that on the 7th of November, 1832, was born a man destined in much to be a leader of the fresher thought- -Andrew Dickson White. His grandfather, Asa White, a migrant from southern Massachusetts in 1798, was long the well-to-do miller of the little com munity, but in 1815 a conflagration brought him in a day to poverty, and his eldest son, Horace, the father of Andrew, was forced, though but a lad of thirteen, to turn from the education of the schools to that of business. So well he learned its lessons that before the age of thirty he had not only won a reputation for unusual mercantile sagacity and enterprise, but had already amassed a moderate fortune when in 1831 he married Clara Dickson, only daughter of a village magnate. Her father, the Hon. Andrew Dickson, like the Whites of Massachusetts birth, had come a young man to Homer and wa,s, in the year of his grandson's advent, the representative of his county in the Legislature of the State. The fortunes of Horace White still prospered, and in 1839 he took advantage of the 'new banking law of the State to establish himself as one of the earliest bankers at Syracuse, the rising metropolis of Central New York, then a town of some 5,000 people. There his energy found a worthier field ; identified with all the interests of his city, he rapidly amassed wealth, and all the advantages his own youth had missed he could well afford his son. The earliest tastes of the boy were, however, not bookish ; all his love was for machinery and for the wonders of out of doors; and, though he early picked up the power to read, it was not until after the removal to Syracuse that he was first put into school. Of his education he has himself told the story: "After much time lost in various poor schools, I was sent to the preparatory de partment of the Syracuse Academy, and there, by good luck, found Joseph A. Allen, the best teacher of English branches I have ever known. . He seemed to divine the character and enter into the purpose of every boy.'" There young White perfected himself in spelling, in arithmetic, in geometry, the only mathematical study he ever loved, in grammar, of which he thinks there was too much ; there he gained the rudiments of natural science and even of music, becoming "proficient enough to play the organ occasionally in church." There, too, literature was first opened to him. "Great attention was given to reading aloud from a book made up of selections from the best authors, and to recitals from these. Thus I stored up not only some of the best things in the older English writers, but in spiring poems of Whittier, Longfellow, and other moderns," and the treasures thus gained were never lost. "As to the moral side, Mr. Allen influenced many of us strongly by liberalizing and broadening our horizon. He was a disciple at that time of Channing, and an abolitionist ; but he . . never made the slightest attempt to proselyte any of his students. Yet the very atmosphere of the school made sectarian bigotry and narrowness impossible." But the boy was destined for college, and was now sent to a classical school, where BIOGRAPHICAL. 77 Stoddard, the story writer, was among his fellow pupils, and where, though the methods in classical teaching were imperfect, "the want in grammatical drill was more than made up by the love of manliness and the dislike of meanness which was in those days our very atmosphere." Outside the school his imagination had been stimulated by desultory reading and by pictures of travel, and he had stumbled upon the novels of Scott, to which above all was due the birth of his interest in historical studies. The public meetings of the time, especially those of the anti-slavery party, took also a deep hold upon his mind. He had dreamed of entering one of the great New England universities, but the zealous young churchman into whose hands he was put for his final training per suaded his father to send him instead to the young and struggling Episcopal college at the neighboring town of Geneva. There he matriculated in the fall of 1849. With all his loyalty to his father's church and to his father's wish, the college could not con tent him. Dependent on the wealthy patrons whose sons it sought to educate, its discipline was lax and its means too feeble for the work it undertook. "Only about half a dozen of our number studied at all; the rest, by translations, promptings, and evasions of various sorts, escaped without labor." A year of this was all that he could stand, and when, at the opening of another, his protest was still unheeded, he took French leave of his reluctant alma mater and went into hiding at the home of an old instructor until his father at last gave con sent to his transfer to Yale College. There he was admitted in January, 1851, to what has since become "the famous class of '53." But, even among such classmates as Billings and Davies and Gibson and Lewis and MacVeagh and Robinson and Shiras and Smalley and Stedman, he soon won for himself a high place — not so much by his work in the class-room, though that was good, as by the breadth of his information and of his sympathies, and by his facility with pen and voice. He be came an editor of the college magazine, The Lit., and before his graduation won the first Clark prize for the best discussion of a political subject in the senior class. The Yale literary prize, which he also won, was a gold medal for the best essay, the con test being open to all students in the university. The result of the contest caused some comment, for the victory was generally conceded to the senior class, and the speculation was as to who would take it, no one thinking it would go to the junior class, of which Mr. White was a member. The De Forest prize, which was awarded to him for an oration on "The Diplomatic History of Modern Times," open to all members of the senior class was a medal of the value of $100. Nor were physical and social claims neglected. He belonged to the earliest Yale crew, and he became a member of Psi Upsilon and of the mystic Skull and Bones, as well as of the more lit erary Linonia. His room-mate and bosom friend was his classmate Davies, to-day Bishop of Michigan. Of his college work, perhaps that which left the deepest impres sion upon him was his study of Guizot's Civilization in Europe, under Dr. Woolsey. In December, 1853, he went abroad for further study, having as fellow-traveler his college mate, Daniel C. Gilman (now the well-known president of Johns Hopkins, and at this moment his colleague on the Venezuelan Commission). After a few weeks in England and several months in France, spent in studying French, reading .the French historians (Thierry, Mignet, Thiers, Chateaubriand), listening to lecturers like Laboulaye at the Sorbonne and the College of France, chatting with the old 78 ONONDAGA'S "CENTENNIAL. soldiers of the Revolution at the Invalides, making historical pilgrimages through out the northern and central provinces, everywhere reveling in architecture and music and haunting the old book shops, he was invited by the American minister to Russia, ex-Governor Seymour, of Connecticut, to join that legation as an attache'. Accordingly, in October of 1854 he made his way, via Brussels. Cologne, and Ber lin, to St. Petersburg. It was the stirring time of the Crimean war, and the young diplomat found his attacheship no sinecure. His knowledge of French made him val uable as an interpreter ; he became the companion of the minister in his interviews at court and at the foreign office, and took a most interested part in the ceremonial at tending the death of the Czar Nicholas and the accession of Alexander II. Yet he found much time for study. Huge scrap books were filled with clippings on the progress of the war ; the book stalls afforded rich store for his rapidly growing col lection on Russia and Poland ; and the archives of the legation even gave him ma terial for research in American history. He there, under the inspiration of Mr. Sey mour, became interested in the character and policy of Jefferson, and drew up the nucleus of the study later published in the Atlantic Monthly on Jefferson and Slavery. But he tired of the restraints of official life, and in June, 1855, resumed the career of a student, first wandering in Germany and Switzerland, then matriculating at the University of Berlin. There he heard Boeckh, Lepsius, Friedrich von Raumer, Karl Ritter, and tried in vain to follow the lectures of Ranke. With the Easter vacation he was off for Austria and Italy, and lingered till late spring beyond the Alps, in the company of his fellow student and. close friend, Frieze, the Latinist. Crossing then the Alps, and lingering but a little among the Roman ruins of Southern France, he turned his footsteps homeward, reaching America in time to share the commence ment festivities of his alma mater and to receive at her hands his Mastership of Arts. It was then, with his future profession all undecided, that he chanced to stray within sound of the voice of President Francis Wayland, who was delivering at Yale one of the addresses of the commencement season ; and the orator's plea for the new and growing West as the field for the young scholar sank deep into his mind. The next year he spent in graduate study at Yale, and before its end, declining all other offers, he had accepted the chair of History and English Literature at the University of Michigan. He was but five-and-twenty, and looked a boy, but the vigor of his thought and the finish of his style soon dispelled all doubt as to his maturity. "He came to Ann Arbor," says one who then listened to him, "fresh from European studies, and he entered upon his labor with that peculiar enthusiasm which is instantly caught by students, and is perhaps the most successful element of all good teaching. His in struction in history was a genuine revelation to those who had been accustomed to perfunctory textbook work and the hearing of dry and colorless lectures. The ex ceptional excellence of his instruction consisted largely of the spirit which he infused into his students. He had in a remarkable degree the rare gift of seizing upon the most important principles and causes and presenting them in such a manner as to illuminate the whole course of events with which they were connected. He not only instructed, but, what was even more important, he inspired. While he remained in his chair perhaps no study in the university was pursued with so much enthusiasm by the mass of students as was that of history." BIOGRAPHICAL. 79 In the general development of the university he was like his old friend Frieze, whom, to his joy, he found a fellow member of the Michigan faculty, a loyal sup porter and adviser of President Tappan. And there was work to do outside the in stitution. The university, in order to keep its hold on the State, from which it drew its support, loved to send out its faculty as lecturers into the towns and villages of Michigan, and into this task, too, the young professor of history went with zest and success. On the eve of his going to Michigan he had married, at Syracuse, Mary Outwater, a neighbor's daughter, whom he had known and admired since her childhood. He was fond of entertaining his colleagues and students, and Mrs. White united in her character a sweetness and a dignity which made her the most charming of hostesses. Their home soon became at Ann Arbor, as afterward at Cornell, the very heart of the university's social life. There, in his growing library, amid the .influences of art and music so dear to him, Professor White ministered a hospitality which could have meant hardly less to the culture of those who shared it than did the work of his class room. The death of his father, in 1860, brought upon him the cares of fortune ; his health, never strong, flagged under the accumulated burden. In 1862 he found it wise to ask a leave of absence, and sailed with his wife, for Europe. The civil war then rag ing in America had stirred him deeply, and his had been no slight share in sending to the field the young manhood of the north, Now, arrived in Europe, a new task confronted him. In answer to the pro-Southern correspondents of the London press, who were misleading the English public as to the resources and the character of the north, and bade fair to win for the Confederacy the recognition, if not the interven tion, of Great Britain, he dashed off his A Word from the Northwest, perhaps the most telling defense of the Unionist cause; and this he followed up with effective letters in the journals of England and the Continent. Returning in 1863 to the financial cares which demanded his presence in Syracuse, he found in domestic politics a fresh field for his powers as a writer and orator, and in the autumn of that year was sent by his native county and Onondaga county to the Senate of New York. Of this body, in which he sat till 1867, he was, though its youngest member, from the first a man of influence. Against the peace sympathies of Governor Seymour he was an eloquent and effective advocate of the aggressive prosecution of the war. Though a director of the New York Central Railroad and a resident of the city most dependent on the Erie Canal, he did loyal service as an opponent of the dictation both of railway and of canal ring. His intelligent interest in civic affairs earned him a place on the legislative Committee on Municipal Reform, where he was especially concerned in the organization on its present basis of the Health Department of New York city. But it was as chairman of the educational committee, or Committee on Literature, as it was called, that there opened to him the largest opportunities. He was able to carry through a great extension of the normal school system for the training of teachers. What was more, the beneficence of the national government seemed to put within reach what had long been the dearest dream of his public life. Even while a boy at the Geneva College, as he paced rebelliously the shore of Seneca Lake, he had begun to frame in his thought the great university, worthy of the greatest State of the LTnion, by which New York should some day make needless all petty sectarian institutions. When Gerrit Smith had later talked of endowing a uni- 80 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. versify in Central New York, he had offered the half of his own fortune for such an object. The dream ripened during his years at Michigan. " It is now just about ten years ago," said George William Curtis in 1868, "since I was in the city of Ann Arbor, the seat of the University of Michigan, . . and I sat at night talking with my friend, a New York scholar, professor of history in that institution. There, in the warmth and confidence of his friendship, he unfolded to me his idea of the great work that should be done in the great State of New York. Surely, he said, in the greatest State there should be the greatest of universities ; in Central New York there should arise a university which, by the amplitude of its endowment and by the whole scope of its intended sphere, by the character of the studies in the whole scope of the curriculum, should satisfy the wants of the hour. More than that, said he, it should begin at the beginning. It should take hold of the chief interest of this country, which is agriculture; then it should rise — step by step, grade by grade — until it fulfilled the highest ideal of what a university could be. Until the hour was late this young scholar dreamed aloud to me these dreams." , Now, in the year 1862 an act had passed Congress for the endowment of the higher education throughout the country, from the great landed domain of the nation. Every State was to receive for each of its representatives in Congress thirty thou sand acres of the public land with which each should endow " at least one college," where, "without excluding other scientific and classical studies," such branches as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts should forever be taught. To New York, as the most populous State, came thus nearly a million of acres. This superb fund, provisionally bestowed by the State on a small existing institution, seemed likely in 1864 to fall back into its hands through a failure to comply with the condi tions of the gift. Mr. White strenuously opposed all suggestions for the division of the fund, urging as the only worthy policy for the higher education the concentration of resources. It was in the struggle over this question that he was brought into close relations with his colleague from Tompkins county, Ezra Cornell — a stern, shrewd old man, of Quaker birth and breeding, who had migrated in his youth, a roving mechanic, into Western New York, where, after making one fortune in milling and losing it in farming, he had built up a vaster one through his connection with the spread of the electric telegraph, and now, in his declining years, was casting about for a worthy public use for his wealth. The two men were strangely unlike, and as to the division of the land grant they had been sharply opposed; but each had learned to prize the other, and it was to his young fellow-senator that the old Quaker now turned for advice. The result was the offer, by Ezra Cornell to the State of New York, of five hundred thousand dollars for the further endowment of a great university, if the State would transfer to it the public lands and would locate it in his own town of Ithaca. It is needless here to recount further the tangled story of the establishment of Cor nell University, or to describe the happy policy by which the nation's gift, frittered. away for a song by most of the States, became in time for the New York university the source of millions. Large as was Mr. White's share in securing for it the charter and the land grant, what was peculiarly his own was the educational shaping of the new institution. He was its spiritual founder not less than Mr. Cornell its material a fact too much obscured, perhaps, by the name which he, against Mr. Cornell's pro test, gave to the university. It was he who wrote all but the financial clauses of its BIOGRAPHICAL. 81 charter ; he who drew its plan of organization ; he who took all steps looking to the selection of its equipment and the choice of its faculty. It is not strange that when, in 1866, a head was to be found for it, Mr. Cornell insisted that Mr. White must accept its presidency. It was to turn his back on political ambitions to which he had earned a right. It was to sever his connections with Michigan, where, in the hope that he might yet re turn, the chair of history was still his. Just now, too, there had come from Yale an invitation to take up his home in the " City of Elms" as'director of its School of Fine Arts ; and this, if he must leave his political career, was the life most tempting to a man of his tastes and means, and was especially attractive to his family. But his choice was soon made, and was made once for all. Entering at once upon his executive duties, he remained president of Cornell for nearly twenty years, until ill health compelled his retirement in 1885. The features in which the new university, as planned by him, differed most notably from others of its sort were : (1) Its democracy of organization, uniting the humani ties, the sciences, and the technical arts in a single faculty and in common classrooms under precisely like conditions, and this so effectively that their parity at Cornell has never been questioned; (2) its freedom from all sectarian control — " at no time shall a majority of [its trustees] be of one religious sect, or of no religious sect," and " per sons of every religious denomination, or of no religious denomination, shall be equally eligible to all offices and appointments" ; (3) its parellel courses and its large individual freedom of choice among studies — in this, too, it was a pioneer in American education ; (4) its vital connection with the public schools of its State through the establishment of free scholarships, to be awarded by competition in each Assembly district ; (5) its large recognition of the worth of the modern languages and literatures, both as practi cal and as disciplinary studies ; (6) its system of nonresident professorships, by which it sought to bring both its students and its faculty in touch with eminent scholars whose permanent services it could not hope to win; (7) its assumption that its students are not children, but grown and earnest men, and its attitude toward them as such. Much that was planned at the outset could not, for lack of means, be then or for long afterward carried out. In fact, throughout nearly the whole administration of Mr. White the institution was "land poor" — its vast estates an expense instead of an income. Throughout his presidency Mr. White filled also the professorship of history, and with the same inspiring influence upon historical studies as at the University of Michigan. Though his other duties compelled his restriction to a single course throughout the year, no element of the university's work left a deeper mark upon the whole student body. And his benefactions took often a more tangible form. From his own means he built and furnished upon the university' S grounds the home which he gave to be used, when he should be through with it, by his successors in the presidency. Of his lesser gifts it would be idle to attempt enumeration. No department but felt again and again the help of his ready pocket. The library especially was continually his debtor, and after his retirement he bestowed upon it in 1887 his own noble historical collection, perhaps the richest private library in America. His gifts must aggregate a couple of hundred thousand dollars. In proportion to his income he has perhaps been the university's most liberal donor. K 82 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. But during these years of his presidency he was not wholly divorced from outside activities. His fertile mind and restless temperament could not brook such slavery. He was always in touch with the republic of letters and with the larger interests of State and nation. His open letters and occasional addresses amount to volumes. In 1870 he was appointed by President Grant a member of the commission created by Congress for the investigation of the condition and resources of Santo Domingo, and into his hands fell the scientific direction of the expedition. Though its youngest member, he proved the conservative element of the commission, and it was in deference to his protests that no recommendation as to annexation was made by it. In the fall of 1871 he presided at the State Convention of his party at Syracuse. The next year saw him a delegate-at-large to the National Convention at Philadelphia which nominated President Grant, and a little later the head of New York's delega tion in the Electoral College. In 1876 he was again a delegate-at-large to the Repub lican National Convention, but was hindered from attendance by other official duties in connection with the Centennial Exhibition at Philadelphia,, where he had been made chairman of the Jury of Public Instruction. Soon after this ill-health drove him abroad, and before his return in 1878 he served the United States as its hono rary commissioner in the Paris Exposition, and was there given a place upon the Jury of Appeals. The French Republic, at the ceremonies which closed the Exposi tion, set its seal of approval upon his work when the president of the Republic con ferred upon him the officer's cross of the Legion of Honor, his two American asso ciates in this recognition being Story the sculptor, and Dr. Barnard, president of Columbia College. In the spring of 1879, by appointment of President Hayes, he became American minister to the German empire, and in that post he remained till 1881. After his resignation, in 1885, of the presidency of Cornell, he again crossed the Atlantic, and tarried in Europe till the spring of 1887. Returning, with renewed vigor, he had not yet entered on any serious work when the heaviest blow of his life, the unforeseen and almost instantaneous death of Mrs. White, threw all his plans into confusion. His married life had been singularly happy, and Mrs White his almost constant companion. On the expedition to Santo Domingo he had been forced to le.ave her behind, and after the false rumor of the loss of the commissioners at sea, and the publication of their obituaries in the metropolitan journals, he had come back in safety to find her hair turned to snowy white. Now it was his turn to suffer, and the friends who saw him breaking beneath his grief persuaded him again to go abroad. There he lingered till the late summer of 1889; then, returning, he again took up his home in Ithaca, where — though he had declined the honorary presidency and the deanship of the School of History, which had in turn been tendered him by the university— he was still bound to Cornell by his duties as a trustee. And now, in 1890, there came to preside in his home a second wife, Miss Helen Magill, a daughter of President Magill, of Swarthmore — herself well known as scholar and as educator. In 1892 he was made, by President Harrison, minister of the United States at St. Petersburg, and, retained in that post by Mr. Cleveland, spent at the Russian capital the next two years. It was a pleasing visit, after forty years, to the scene of his earliest diplomatic experiences. His return to this country in 1895, and his appointment in January, 1896, to a place upon the important Commission of BIOGRAPHICAL. 83 Inquiry into the Venezuelan boundary are fresh in the memory of all American readers. In this busy life, so filled with the cares of the teacher, the politician, the man of affairs, there has been little leisure for the research that goes to the making of books ; and few of the literary plans with which he began his career have been realized. His biography of Jefferson was never written. Of his long-dreamed-of history of the French Revolution, for which he collected a material unequaled on this side of the Atlantic, only his admirable little monograph on Paper Money Inflation in France, and his stimulating Bibliography of the Revolution, in the book of Judge Morris, are the visible results Of his inspiring academic lectures on the general -history of modern Europe, but two or three have seen the light as magazine articles; though their topical outlines, printed for his students and by them scattered abroad, have suggested more than one book to younger scholars — as, for example, the excel lent study of Mr. Lewis Rosenthal on America and France. The Manual of His torical Literature which Mr. White had proposed as a joint task to his pupil and suc cessor, Prof. Charles Kendall Adams, had finally to be worked out alone by the latter. It is, indeed, as an inspirer of books that his activity has been greatest. Yet he has remained himself a wide reader and a tireless student; and not alone the addresses and magazine articles in which he has brought to bear so tellingly upon a host of present-day problems the fruits of a ripe historical scholarship, but at least one book of serious proportions will attest the quality of his work. This book, so many of whose chapters are familiar to the readers of the Popular Science Monthly, is his Warfare of Science, or, to give it its full title, his History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom. It was in the troublous early days of Cornell, when the nonsectarian character of the university was bring ing it from its rivals on every side the charge of godlessness, and when Mr. Cornell and Mr. White himself were rewarded for their labors by such epithets as infidel and atheist and by the suspicion of Christian people everywhere, that it first occurred to him to find comfort and assurance in the study of this stage in the history of all the great intellectual movements through which civilization has been won. From its earliest form, as a mere lecture in 1875, it has grown through twenty years to the two stately volumes now about to be published. In the ' gathering of materials, scattered over almost the whole territory of human knowledge, Mr. White has known how to use the aid from time to time of sundry helpers ; but even in this prelimi nary labor his own immediate share has far outweighed all others, and in the diges tion and interpretation of his materials no other hand was ever given a part. Clear as is his statement of its thesis, few books have suffered such misjudgment from careless or unkindly critics. The work was intended not at all as an attack on religion, but really as a defense of it. Its main purpose was to prevent the recur rence of that interference with science, on the part of all well meaning men, which in our century has done great harm to science, but still greater harm to religion. What interested him was never the opinions, normal or abnormal, of forgotten theologians; but their interferences, in the mistaken interest of religion, with that freedom of thought and research out of which alone science can grow. Nor was he actuated by any hostility to religion. A man of profoundly religious nature, im patient of irreverence of any kind, and deeply attached to the Christian communion in which he was reared, he seeks only to lift the timid faith which dares not trust the 84 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. God of the universe to deal truly with the human mind he has made to the loftier conviction that — in his own noble words — "there is a God in this universe wise enough to make all truth-seeking safe, and good enough to make all truth-telling useful." — Prof. George L. Burr, in Popular Science Monthly for February, 1896. GEORGE BARNES. George Barnes was born in the municipal borough of Tenterden, County Kent, England, October 1, 1827, and came to America in April, 1844. In July following he began the study of law with Wilkinson & Bagg, then one of the leading law firms in Syracuse, but that profession was soon abandoned for other pursuits. Mr. Wilk inson was president of the Syracuse and Utica Rail road, and Mr. Barnes early became identified with the management of that line as junior bookkeeper, from which position he gradually rose to the post of superin tendent. He subsequently joined in the preliminary surveys along what was known as the "canal route to Rochester," and was thus intimately connected with the enterprises which in 1853 resulted in the consolidation of the seven roads between Albany and Buffalo into the New York Central and Hud son River Railroad Com pany. In that year, having invested his first accumula tions in a building lot on James street hill, he erected thereon the first house on that now fashionable street, a structure which long stood alone and was illustrated in the first cityDirectory of 1 853. About this time he visited his early home in England, and returning became the proprietor of the Syracuse Even ing Chronicle, which had originally been published in 1852 as the Free Democrat. He adopted the principles of the new Republican party and made the Chronicle the first Republican daily newspaper in the State outside of New York city. In 1855 he sold George Barnes. Johyyx 0. dvu-C£sh. BIOGRAPHICAL. 85 the establishment to Samuel H. Clark, and in 1856 removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, and became superintendent of the newly opened Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad, which shared the fate of so many other western enterprises of that day in the commercial collapse of 1857. In 1858 Mr. Barnes returned to Syracuse and entered upon his active career as a banker, which he pursued until his death, and in which he attained the highest and most honorable positions. He was one of the original incorporators of the Onondaga County Savings Bank in 1855, and served as a member of its board of trustees until 1876. In 1869 he joined with others in organizing and incorporating the Trust and Deposit Company of Onondaga, with a paid-up capital of $100,000, and served as its vice-president several years, and as president from 1876 until his death. In 1873 he was one of the organizers of the State Bank of Syracuse, of which he became presi dent in 1876, serving in that capacity till his decease. In manufacturing enterprises he was equally prominent. In 1860 he formed the acquaintance of William A. Sweet, who in 1858 had commenced the manufacture of mower and reaper knives on a small scale, having one of the only two establishments of the kind in the United States. In 1864 the firm of Sweet, Barnes & Co. was organized to carry on this business in connection with the manufacture of steel, and the enterprise proved successful from the start. In 1864 the steel works were sold to Mr. Sweet, who has since been at the head of Sweet's Manufacturing Company. The old firm name of Sweet, Barnes & Co. was continued until 1873, when it was changed to George Barnes & Co., which in 1877, by a consolidation of the works at Syracuse with similar factories at other points, became the Whitman & Barnes Man ufacturing Company, of which Mr. Barnes was president. The capital of this great corporation finally aggregated $2,000,000, and under Mr. Barnes's able management its business developed into enormous proportions. Their works on Marcellus and Wyoming streets in the Fifth ward were among the largest and most important manufacturing establishments in Syracuse. Mr. Barnes was also one of the originators of the Syracuse Chilled Plow Company, but failing health compelled him to abandon that enterprise. He was for many years treasurer and financial manager of the Onondaga County Orphan Asylum, and annually gave the orphans from that institution a memorable afternoon and evening on the lawn in front of his house. He held various positions and trusts of responsi bility, and always took a keen interest in the advancement of the city. He was in every sense a representative citizen, energetic, enterprising and public spirited, and occupied a conspicuous and honorable sphere in the commercial life of the entire community. He bore the esteem, confidence and respect of not only his associates, but of the public, and won a warm place in the hearts of Syracusans. He was for several years an invalid, and died in New York city October 17, 1892. His wife, whom he married in 1849, was Miss Rebecca S., daughter of Thomas B. Heermans, of Albany, and niece of John Wilkinson, the first lawyer of Syracuse. JOHN EDSON SWEET. The ancestry of the family of which John Edson Sweet is a member is clearly traced back to John and Mary SweSet, who settled in Salem, Mass., in 1631. Horace 86 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Sweet was the youngest son of Timothy and Eunice (Woodworth) Sweet, and was the father of the subject of this sketch. He was born April 1, 1796, and married, November 20, 1817, Candace, daughter of Punderson Avery; he died August 4, 1858, in Pompey, Onondaga county, N. Y., where he was an early settler. He passed his life as a farmer, and, while neither more nor less successful than many others of his class, was a man of intelligence and respected in the community where he lived. His wife came from a family that is well known in many parts of the country, particularly in the field of mechanics, several of its members having been eminent in that line. The children of Horace and Candace (Avery) Sweet were Clarence H., a merchant in Rochester, who died January 10, 1883; Helen L. (Mrs. E. A. Fink), who died in Weedsport, N. Y., April 19, 1842; Anson Avery, a manu facturer in Syracuse, who died June 6, 1894; Homer D. L., a prominent civil engi neer and surveyor, who died in Syracuse on November 16, 1893; Wheaton B. , a farmer on the homestead in Pompey; William A., the well known manufacturer of Syracuse; John Edson, the subject; and Ann E. (Mrs. Charles C. Bates), of Syra cuse, who died in 1878. John Edson Sweet was born in Pompey October 21, 1832, and passed his early years on his father's farm. His opportunities for acquiring an education were lim ited to the local schools, which he attended between the ages of seven and fifteen years, but without developing more than ordinary love for study or aptitude for gaining the knowledge imparted in books. He, however, inherited mechanical genius of a high order, which began to manifest itself very early in his life. Possess ing also a natural love for music, and finding no other way to gratify it at that time, he constructed a small violin when he was twelve years old, with which he was sent to a distant relative to learn to play. His term of instruction continued about two weeks and he came home able to play half a dozen of the olden tunes. The making of his violin simply because he wanted to learn to play it, was typical of one of the traits that has distinguished him in later years. Whatever he may have desired that he could not obtain elsewhere, he has never lacked self-reliance to undertake to pro vide by his own unaided skill; and he has usually succeeded. It was clear enough in his early life that Mr. Sweet would be a mechanic, if he was anything, and he was accordingly apprenticed, in 1850, to the carpenter and joiner trade, fortunately with a man of ability and a noble heart — John Pinkerton, now of Saginaw, Mich., — who faithfully fulfilled his obligation to teach the young man "the art and mystery of his craft." Among the tools bought with his first earnings was the second set of socket firmer chisels ever made, one of which he still retains as a memento. In the winter of 1850-51 he obtained, through the efforts of a former neighbor, a position in the first, and at that time the only, architect's office in Syra cuse, that of Elijah T. Hayden, another man of noble nature. Here making fires and sweeping the office floor alternated with opportunity to see the making of draw ings and to assist in such capacities as untrained fingers could be made useful. Here, in paying his board from his earnings, not for an education, but for an oppor tunity, he has often said lay the best investment he ever made. For ten years his life was devoted to carpenter and joiner work, building, and what was then called architecture, but what was in fact the making of construction drawings for buildings. In this work his designs or plans all bear the stamp of original arrangement and correct construction, again exhibiting another of his later most marked character istics. BIOGRAPHICAL. 87 A second winter as office boy with C. O. Holyoke, a natural artist and a believer in Ruskin, directed the young man's thoughts to the channel of sound construction, and the principle of adapting the construction to the use. He was convinced that, however much he might admire art and wish to be an artist, if nature had given him any faculty worth cultivating, it was not in that direction, but in mechanics. Build ing at that time and within his field of operation was mechanical and not artistic. It wa.s not long after the time under consideration that he built the most unique and best farm barn in the country, which still stands on the old farm in Pompey. The plans for this barn received the first premium in a national competition held by the then leading agricultural journal in the country, the Rural New Yorker. They were repeatedly published in that paper and were followed by a series of articles from his pen on architecture, extending through a dozen years. At the breaking out of the war he was in Selma, Ala., as architect and superin tendent of what was intended should be the second best hotel in the South. Discre tion prompted him to leave one rainy day, and work on the hotel soon ceased. His services as architect being in little demand during those troubled times, he spent some time as patternmaker and draughtsman in the railroad shops in Syracuse. In the summer of 1862 he went to the London Exhibition, spending some months on the Continent and the remainder of that year as a draughtsman in the international patent office of Hazeltine, Lake & Co. An account of his travels was published in a series of letters to the Syracuse Standard. Thirty years ago letters on foreign travel were less common than now and were read with much interest. Securing a patent on a nail machine in which the Patent Nut and Bolt Company, of Birmingham, Eng land, took an interest, he went there and worked for them as draughtsman while superintending the construction of the machines. While there he furnished some short articles to Engineering, a technical journal published in London by Zerah Col- burn. Returning to Syracuse in 1854, he engaged with Sweet, Barnes & Co. as designer and draughtsman. Here he designed a large number of machines, tools and appli ances, introducing some of the features that still mark his designs. During these years he invented one of the pioneer machines aiming to supersede the use of mova ble type, from which the modern linotype machine of Merganthaler is a step in ad vance. This was to become accomplished through the formation of a continuous matrix by means of steel type and dies. Paper pulp, still universally used as matrices, was adopted by him for that purpose. As a piece of ingenuity and perfection of de vices to accomplish its end, the machine was a marvel of mechanical genius, though its principles have since been superseded. It was exhibited at the Paris Exposition in 1867 and later was presented to the Cornell University. Returning to Syracuse from the Exposition he again connected himself with Sweet, Barnes & Co., and for three years had charge of their works. In November, 1870, he was married to Caroline V. Hawthorne, who died on May 12, 1887. From 1871 to 1873 he was chiefly employed in bridge building for Howard Soule, of Syracuse, and during leisure in the fall and winter of 1872 he made the plans and patterns and did most of the work on the first straight-line steam engine. During the same time he contributed a series of articles to Engineering under the title, "Mechanical Refinements," and over the signature, "An English Engineer in America," both title and signature being selected by the editors. 88 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. From 1873 to 1879 was the period of his connection with Cornell University. The mechanical work done in that institution was of a pioneer character. While the Whitworth surface plates and straight-edges were known to a few in this country, their manufacture and introduction to the public date from the Cornell shop. The first standard measuring machine made in this country was made and is now stored there. This machine may almost be called a mechanical classic. It is, without a doubt, equal to any that have followed it, and no less an authority than John Rich ards has testified that its method of correcting the error of the screw is the only one known that is commercially practicable. The equally important problem of neutral izing the effect of wear was solved in an equally successful way, though one that has not been adopted to the same extent. This measuring machine was to have been the foundation of a system of standard gages whose manufacture the Professor hoped to establish in connection with the college shop. This, again, was pioneer work, nothing of the kind being commenced elsewhere until some years later. Other principles which have since come into use — some universally and others partially — were embodied in some amateur lathes and a grinding machine. The first Gramme dynamo produced in this country was built there, and the second straight-line en gine. These, with other products of the shop, were exhibited at the Centennial Ex position. This straight-line engine, now so well known throughout the world, em bodied what was then the novel combination — a balanced valve, a shifting eccentric, and a shaft governor. This has become the accepted type of high-speed engine, and the Centennial engine is fairly entitled to be considered the father of that nu merous family. It should be added that all this work was produced by student labor, no other being employed in the shop. The Professor's chief work, however, at Cornell was not the fashioning of iron, but the molding of brains. The Sibley College of that day as a college department was felt to be an anomaly by the powers that were. The professors, bred in the scholastic atmosphere of languages, mathematics, or pure science, gave it little sym pathy and less support. This feeling was, no doubt, strengthened by the fact that the "theoretical" side of the department, with which they might have had some sympathy, was at a low ebb. In equipment, apparatus, etc., the department was, compared with itself of to-day, a kindergarten, and of its merits as a school the same comparison would hold. True education, however, consists of the training of the faculties and the formation of correct methods of thought and work rather than of the accumulation of information, and these it is the province of the true teacher to impart, largely independent of material aids and resources. Those who came as students under Professor Sweet's influence feel that in this respect they enjoyed a priceless privilege. As a teacher he was one of the few and rare, whose pupils be come disciples. A compliment of the highest character', and one of which he feels justly proud is the following, by John Richards, editor of "Industry," in a lecture before the students of Leland Stanford University. Speaking of Professor Sweet, he styles him, " one of the most successful teachers of constructive engineering that this or any other country can boast." Seeing no prospect of co-operation or support in doing what he felt was possible at Cornell, and what has since been done, he resigned his position and returned to Syracuse. Experimenting with the original straight-line engine and obtaining what appeared to be the maximum of simplicity and perfection of action in the governor, BIOGRAPHICAL. 89 he commenced building the engine in a very modest way. The Straight-Line En gine Company was soon organized, with him as president and general manager, which position he still holds. This engine has gradually made its own market in all countries. While it has not been the policy of the manager to endeavor to build all the engines that could be sold, at a possible sacrifice of perfection, it is a fact that the business has greatly and steadily increased, rendering necessary the building of new works, which were completed in 1890 from Professor Sweet's own plans. Within the last few years he has found time to design a succession of improve ments in the engine itself, many of which are extensively used by other builders, and an improved system of steam distribution universally acknowledged by the profes sion. He has also designed various new machines, one of which, a traversing ma chine, has become a standard tool, besides innumerable special devices for adding to the convenience of construction in the engine and to insure more perfect results. Besides this his opinion has been sought by about every inventor in, and many out of the city, and many patented inventions secured by others owe much to him, and many an industry has profited by his generous advice, Professor Sweet has never aspired to do a large business only. He has preferred to ' ' live upon a small rocky island of his own, with a lake and a stream in it, pure and good," to uphold ideals of his own, far in advance of commercial appreciation. He has never undertaken any task solely for the money that might be made by it, but rather to accomplish the feat or solve the mechanical problem, and of the hun dreds of patentable inventions he has made, he has asked protection for very few. In design he is unique — novelty is found everywhere in his work, though alwavs much more than novelty. As a well known engineer once remarked on examining the straight-line engine for the first time, " I would not have believed it possible to introduce so many novelties and have them good." The influence of his early artistic studies is apparent in every line, not manifested in superfluous ornament, but in that higher, and in engineering" structures, only true beauty^the beauty of perfect fitness. A very expressive remark was once passed on the lines of a machine made up partly from some older work of Professor Sweet's and partly from new designs by others, to the effect that "it was easy to see where the master's hand left off and the cobbler's began in the machine." He has been a prolific writer for the press, usually along mechanical lines, and his peculiar terse, easily-comprehended, yet most expressive style, is readily discovered and warmly welcomed, whatever the appended signature. He exercises the broadest liberality toward the theories, be liefs and works of others, believing that the field of invention and discovery is too broad and its possibilities too great to make it safe for any one person to belittle the efforts of another. Over the door of the straight-line engine works, cut in the stone arch, stands the legend, "Visitors Always Welcome:" there is a good deal of the superintendent's character hidden in the order that placed those words in that place. In 1889 Professor Sweet was married to Irene A. Clark, a woman peculiarly fitted to enjoy the honors that have fallen to her husband and to aid him in obtaining others. Professor Sweet has seen too much of the world and of the work of other peoples and has a too cosmopolitan judgment to feel any sympathy with that spread-eagleism which vaunts our own work in ignorance of others, More than this, he believes it P 90 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. to be in as bad taste for a nation to boast as for an individual to do so. He consid ers it a misfortune that our mechanics should slight instead of study the works of the Old World. With no desire for popularity, yet exceedingly popular ; of unswerving faithfulness to the highest mechanical ideas, yet successful in the business built upon them; with no gift of eloquence, yet never failing to capture and hold his audience; modest to a fault, yet with his merit universally recognized, Prof. Sweet is a reassurance to those who sometimes feel driven to the conclusion that after all brass is better than brains, and that in this world modest merit is the one thing that escapes its just reward. ELIZUR CLARK. Hon. Elizur Clark, whose ancestors were noted for their longevity, was a de scendant of John Clark, who came to America and first settled in Rhode Island about 1644. His father, Beamont Clark, was born in Saybrook, Conn., July 25, 1767, and died at the age of ninety years, in Michigan, in 1857; he came to Cicero, Onondaga county, in the summer of 1823, and followed farming until 1837, when he moved West.. His mother, Nabbe Spencer, was born January 14, 1770, and died in Michigan, aged sev enty-three. Elizur Clark was born in Saybrook, Middlesex county, Conn., October 5, 1807, being next to the youngest in a fam ily of eight sons and three daughters, and came to Cicero, Onondaga county, with his father in 1823. His advantages for obtaining an education were limited, yet he applied himself so assiduously to busi ness pursuits and whatever came in his way that he ac quired a large fund of practi cal knowledge. He followed various occupations until 1834, when he leased of Henry Sey mour the Salina mill property and carried on the lumber business till Mr. Seymour's death in 1837. He then purchased a half interest in the estate, the other half being owned by ex-Gov. Horatio Seymour, and continued until 1846, when he became sole owner. Hon. Thomas G. Alvord then became his partner Elizur Clark. BIOGRAPHICAL. 9] and together they carried on a successful business till 1863, when Mr. Clark retired from the firm and (with the exception of an agency connected with a party to whom he leased the mill property, continuing until 1870) from active life. In 1846 he also interested himself in the salt industry, both fine and coarse, and subsequently became an extensive manufacturer. He was one of the originators and long one of the heavi est stockholders of the Salina Coarse Salt Company. From 1868 until his removal from Syracuse he was a director in the Salt Springs Bank, and also for some time a trustee of the Syracuse Savings Bank. In politics Mr. Clark was an unswerving Jacksonian Democrat, casting his first vote for General Jackson as president. In this respect he differed from his father and grandfather, who were closely allied to the Federal and later to the Whig par ties. He was not an active politician, and regarded principles above party interests-. He was one of the first aldermen after the incorporation of Syracuse, representing the First ward, which he also served as supervisor in 1856. In 1863 he represented his district in the State Legislature. In all these capacities as well as in business and social relations he enjoyed the full confidence and respect of citizens of all classes. He was for many years prominently identified with the history of Salina and Syracuse, and bore a conspicuous part in developing their commercial resources. November 13, 1825, Mr. Clark married Miss Jerusha N. Spencer, of Onondaga county, and of their ten children Harriet E. (Mrs. Augustus Avery) and John Sev- mour Clark, of Syracuse, and MaryD., widow of Edward Manning, of Lyme, Conn., are living. Mrs. Clark died in 1865, and in November, 1869, Mr. Clark married Miss Augusta M., daughter of Charles L. Peck, a native Lyme, Conn., and a de scendant of Dea. William Peck, who was born in England in 1601, came to America in 1638, and settled in New Haven, Conn. She survives him. In 1878 Mr. Clark removed to Lyme, Conn., where he died December 27, 1895. THE McINTYRE FAMILY. The ancestry of this family was Scotch on the Mclntyre side and English through other lines. The family have documentary proof showing beyond reasonable doubt their line of descent from the historical clan of that name which for a thousand years occupied Gleno, Scotland, and was a power in that country. Their English ancestry in one line descends through Sir John Brockett (now usually called Brackett), who had a son John, born in 1610, who came to America and settled in New Haven, Conn. To him there was born Samuel Brockett on January 14, 1652. He had a son John, born in-1685, who married Huldah Ells. A son of this John was born in 1718 and named Christopher, sr., whose son Christopher, jr., was father of Jemima Brackett, who married into the Mclntyre family, as noted further on. Taking up another line of the Mclntyre ancestry, it is found that William Tothill (as then spelled), of Devonshire, England, is recorded as bailiff in 1528 and again in 1548 ; as high sheriff of Devon in 1549, and Lord Mayor of Exeter in 1552. His son Richard married Joan Grafton, daughter of Richard Grafton, author of the " Chron icles of England," and a direct descendant from King Henry the I. This William was the great-great-grandfather of another William Tuttle (as the name is now spelled) 92 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. who came over in the ship "Planter," Nicholas Travice, master, in April, 1635. The passenger list of that vessel contained twenty-five names, seventeen of whom were Turtles (or Tuttels) and represented three distinct families. The one in which we are here interested is known as the Devon branch, and the researches of George F. Tuttle, published in the family genealogy (1883) show a direct line of ancestors back through Richard Tuttle and Joan Grafton to William the Conqueror, andin the fam ily record are the names of many of England's nobility. William Tuttle, the great- grandson of Richard Tuttle and Joan Grafton, came over in the Planter, at which time he was twenty-six years old, was one of the founders of New Haven, Conn., in 1639. He is named on the passenger list a "husbandman," which indicated that he owned his land as well as tilled it. Other records show that he was also a merchant and that during the succeeding twenty-five years he purchased various properties, laid out roads, was prominent in founding churches and schools, and appears altogether to have been a leading spirit in the community. He was born in 1609 and died in 1673. His wife's name was Elizabeth, born 1612, and died December 30, 1684, aged seventy-two years. The fourth child of William and Elizabeth Tuttle was Jonathan, whose baptism is recorded as taking place in Charlestown, Mass., July 8, 1637; he married Rebecca Bell, daughter of Lieut. Francis Bell, one of the prominent men of Stamford, Conn. Jonathan Tuttle settled at North Haven, and became a leading citizen. He built a bridge over the Quinnipiac River at that place, which was long known as "Turtle's bridge," and by court decree was permitted to charge two pence in money or three pence in barter for every traveler (horse and man) passing over it. His death took place in 1705, leaving six children. Armorial Bearings of MacIntyre of Gleno.1 1 Quarterly 1st and 4th Or, an Eagle displayed Gules, Armed langued and Membred Sable; 2d, Argent, a Ship with one Mast, the sails furled Sable, and flags displayed Gules. 3d, A sinister hand couched in Fesse Gules, holding a Cross Crosslet filched Azure. Crest, A dexter hand issu ing from the wreath, holding a Dagger erect, both proper; the last hilted and pomelled Or. Motto, Per Ardua.— [Verbatim as extracted from the Lyon Office, Edinburgh. BIOGRAPHICAL. 93 Jonathan's son, Nathaniel, was born February 25, 1676, married Esther Blakeslee and had seven children. He died in 1728, aged fifty-two years. His seventh child was Capt. Ezra Tuttle, born in 1720, and married Hannah Todd, daughter of Gershom ; she died in October, 1760, and he married second, Susanna, daughter of George and Susanna (Abenethy) Merriman. Ezra Tuttle died June 11, 1793, aged seventy-three years, leaving his widow. He was the father of eleven children, three of whom died before their father. The third child was a daughter named Elizabeth, who mar ried, in 1769, Christopher Brackett, jr., whose daughter Jemima married Abraham Mclntyre, as noted in the first paragraph. Elizabeth Turtle's ancestry on the female side is traced back to Governor Newman, of Connecticut, through Sarah Newman and Samuel Tuttle. Christopher Brackett, jr., was one of the very early settlers in the town of Elbridge, where he located previous to 1807. He was the first merchant in the village, and his account books prior to 1810 are still in possession of the Mclntyre family, showing fine penmanship, the methodical work of a careful and intelligent man of business, as well as many very quaint entries. He was one of the foremost in founding the Baptist church in 1813, and was perhaps the most prominent citizen of early times. Ezra Brackett, brother of Jemima, was one of the early Elbridge merchants and a man of character and respectability. Of the Mclntyre family of which this is a brief chronicle, Joseph Mclntyre, great- great-grandfather of Edward M. Mclntyre, now of Syracuse, was an early settler in Western Vermont, where he was a land owner, and served in the old French and Indian war and in the war of the Revolution. Two of his nephews served in the war of 1812. He died at the age of eighty-seven years, closing a long life of pioneer toil and respected citizenship. Joseph Mclntyre's son, Abram (or Abraham), was born August 12, 1766, and early in his life removed from near Mt. Mclntyre, in Essex county, N. Y. , whither the family had removed, to Onondaga county, settling in the town of Elbridge, some time before 1816. Previous to this time and in the year 1806, he had met and mar ried Jemima Brackett, daughter of Christopher, jr., before mentioned. By a prior marriage he had three children, namely: Harriet, born January 8, 1797, died August 18, 1825; Hiram, bornApril5, 1800, died about 1848; Charles, born June 4, 1803, died in 1893. By the second marriage with Jemima Brackett the children were Calvin, sr. , born February 12, 1808, died September 5, 1870; William, born July 20, 1810, died in 1858. After a long life of usefulness Abram Mclntyre died at his home in Elbridge June 4, 1842. The homestead has always remained in possession of the family and is now occupied by John C. Mclntyre and his sister Harriet. Calvin Mclntyre, sr., was born in Essex county, N. Y., February 12, 1808, and came into Onondaga county with his parents. He was among the leading business men of that period; carried on an early mercantile business at Elbridge in associa tion with Ezra Brackett, and after the opening of the Erie canal engaged extensively in boat building and transportation at Peru. His account books indicate a large business and an active career. He held the office of town assessor in 1851 and post master at Peru, Onondaga county, in 1861, and was often solicited to accept public stations of responsibility. He died Sept. 5, 1870. He married Almeda Corey, born in the town of Elbridge September 16, 1809, died February 21, 1891. She was a daughter of John and Lusina (Rhodes) Corey, and a woman of marked ability, and a highly religious character. Their children were Harriet, born May 12, 1830, now living on 94 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. the homestead; Calvin, jr., born August 18, 1835, died February 13, 1895, noticed further on; Elizabeth, bora December 13, 1837, and John C, born December 13, 1849, living on the homestead. Of these children Harriet received a liberal education, graduating from Munro Collegiate Institute, after having taught several years. She then accepted the position of preceptress of the academy at Gilbertsville, N. Y., where she taught languages and higher mathematics. In the late years of her father's life she returned to the homestead to give him needed care. Elizabeth graduated from the Genesee Wesleyan Seminary, taught school sev eral years, and then removed west to accept the position of preceptress of the high school in Charlotte, Mich. She subsequently married Hon. Norman H. Ryan, a prominent attorney, now of Wellsboro, Pa. ; their children were Stella M. , graduate of Mansfield Normal School ; Frank and Fred (twins), the latter died in infancy. John C. was educated at the Munro Collegiate Institute and married Mary Sher man. They have one child, Irving C, born in 1885, and occupy the homestead. Calvin Mclntyre, jr. (subject of engraving), occupied a conspicuous position in his native town many years. Reared on his father's farm and accustomed from his early life to energetic and industrious labor, he acquired habits which enabled him in later years to achieve success in whatever he undertook. He was given opportunity to acquire a thorough education in the district schools and the Jordan Academy. His business career began two years before he reached his majority, and after a few years of service as clerk in a store in Jordan, he joined with his father in the agricultural business until the latter's death in 1870 and dealt in implements and other commod ities pertaining to that branch of industry. This enterprise afforded him valuable business experience, and in 1878 Mr. Mclntyre removed to the village of Clyde and established the firm of Warner & Mclntyre, grain dealers and maltsters. This busi ness in 1894 was formed into a stock company, Mr. Mclntyre retaining a large share of the stock. In 1884 for the further extension of his operations he formed a co partnership with his son, Edward M., under the name of Calvin Mclntyre & Son, and established malt houses in Lyons. In 1885 they removed their malting interests to Phelps and in 1887 established a, branch in Seneca Falls. He was also a stock holder in the Cayuga County National Bank, of Auburn, N. Y. , all of which connec tions he continued until his decease. In January, 1895, he returned with his family to their native county, locating in Syracuse. Mr. Mclntyre was a Democrat in politics and while he always took an active part in promoting the interests of his party, he never sought political preferment. He was collector of taxes in the town of Elbridge in 1869-70, and held various offices in the village of Clyde. He was frequently sent as a delegate to county and State con ventions, and in 1890, while acting as delegate to the State Convention at Saratoga, he was elected one of the vice-presidents of the convention and supported the nomi nation of Governer Flower. He held a lieutenant's commission in the army of the late civil war, and was a member of the Homestead Club of New York city. Mr. Mclntyre was a man of strong and positive character, in which also were ele ments of a broad and generous humanity. He was self-reliant in all things, never wanting faith in his own capacity to accomplish whatever engaged his attention. While ever ready to grant favors to others, he rarely asked or accepted them him self ; this was true not only in the ordinary affairs of life, but also in the broader field of politics, where he many times exerted his influence to place others in stations ^2^UvV7 BIOGRAPHICAL. 95 which had already been tendered to himself. On many occasions he was earnestly urged to accept of public positions of honor and emolument, but he almost uniformly declined; it was not his nature to either crowd himself forward to stations of promi nence, however well he was equipped for their duties, nor would he consent to be thus advanced through the effort or influence of others. His integrity was unim peachable and he was ever true and generous to his friends. Among these were many of the prominent business men and politicians of Central New York. Mr. Mc- Intyre's death took place in Syracuse, February 3, 1895. The following quotation is from the Clyde Democrat Herald, published after his death, and indicates the esteem in which he was held in that village: "During Mr. Mclntyre's residence in this vil lage he had won a strong and wide circle of friends who share with the family the loss they have sustained. His kindly disposition, pleasing manners and loyal fellow ship will be greatly missed, and his absence will be keenly felt by the great number whom he has befriended." On May 11, 1860, Mr. Mclntyre was married to Frances E. Shaw, born in the town of Elbridge, October 10, 1843, daughter of Nathan Shaw and Laura A. Evans of Elbridge. She was educated at Jordan Academy and Munro Collegiate Institute, is a member of the Presbyterian church, and a descendant of Sherebiah Evans, sr. , who was born in Wales and settled early in Massachusetts. He served long and honorably in the Revolutionary war ; participated in the expedition and battle of Rhode Island in July, August, and September, 1778, as matross, was on duty at Winter Hill, Mass., in Capt. Nathaniel Cowdry's company in the same year; was in Capt. Abram Forster's company, Col. Samuel Bullard's regiment of General Gates's army in the summer and fall of 1777; was matross of Colonel Crane's regiment of artillery, of Vermont, in 1779. He married, January 29, 1795, Elizabeth Dudley, of Wayland, Mass., being at that time a widower. From Castleton, Vt. , he removed to Camillus, N. Y , where he was one of the early settlers. He owned the first grist mill in Camillus village, and another between Ionia and Baldwinsville, in what is now Van Buren. He is remembered as a prosperous, upright and intelligent citizen. Elizabeth Dudley, mentioned above, was a direct descendant of Francis Dudley, who was a relative of Thomas Dudley, the first of the name to come to America, and who was three times elected governor of Massachusetts colony. He was born at Canon Ashby, England, about 1576, and came over with Governor Winthrop in the Arabella to escape persecution as a Puritan. Back of Thomas Dudley the family is traceable more than half a score of generations without a break and to within five removes from Henry I, King of France. Thomas Dudley settled in Roxbury. Francis Dudley, of Concord, Mass., was a soldier in King Philip's war in 1675, and great- great-grandfather of Elizabeth Dudley, who married Sherebiah Evans, sr., as above noted. Among the children of this Sherebiah, and the eldest, was Sherebiah, jr., born in Boston in 1795, and removed to Castleton, Vt., with his parents. In 1816 he married Charicy Scribner, of Poultney, Vt., born April 2, 1795, died March 24, 1872, Mr. Evans removed from Vermont to Orleans county and from there to the town of Elbridge in 1835. He was a prominent business man and a highly respected citizen. He died October 10. 1856. Charicy Scribner, mentioned above, was daughter of Peter Scribner, of Poultney, Vt. , who was a man of wealth and distinction and a noted philanthropist; he was a cousin to Col. Benjamin Scribner, of New Hampshire, and to Isaac Scribner, author of "Legends of Laconia," and to John Scribner, author 96 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. of "Scribner' s Ready Reckoner. ' ' Peter' s father was Samuel Scribner, born in Salisbury, N. H, and his father was another Samuel, who married Hannah Webster, a cousin of Daniel Webster, and was descended from Benjamin Scrivener (later Scribner) and Hannah Crompton, who were married in Norfolk, Conn., in 1683. The latter Samuel was a captive of the Indians in the Revolutionary war and held in Canada two years, and took part in the battles of Bennington and Bunker Hill. Nathan Shaw, esq., father of Frances E. Shaw (wife of Calvin Mclntyre, jr.), was born in Whitehall, N. Y., August 27, 1817, and was educated in Fort Edward. He was an influential business man of high character and more than ordinary intellect ual powers. Removing to Elbridge he was elected justice, but declined to serve. He died November 5, 1875, aged fifty-seven years, having been long an invalid. His father, Benjamin Shaw, joined the army in the war of 1812, when seventeen years old. Laura A. Evans, wife of Nathan Shaw, granddaughter of Peter Scribner, and daughter of Sherebiah Evans, jr., was born at Poultney, Vt, May 5, 1822, and edu cated at Poultney Seminary, Vt. She was an estimable woman in all the relations of life and a member of the Baptist church. They were parents of seven children. The children of Calvin Mclntyre, jr., and Frances E. Shaw are Emma Laura, born in the town of Elbridge June 6, 1862; she received an academical education in Jordan Academy and Clyde High School, and possesses artistic genius, which has been liberally cultivated. In oil painting she received thorough instruction by home artists and in New York city, and her work is commended by competent critics. June 29, 1892, she married David Miller Wright, of Rah way, N. J., now resident in Syracuse. Mr. Wright is a direct descendant of Capt. Richard Skinner of New Jer sey who served in the war of Revolution. Stella Elizabeth, born in the town of Elbridge November 9, 1869, graduated from the Clyde High School and entered Syracuse University in 1888, taking the Latin scientific course and afterwards attended New England Conservatory of Music, Bos ton, Mass. She is an accomplished musician of exceptional ability. She, as well as her sister, are members of the Presbyterian church and is prominent in church work and social circles. Hon. Edward M. Mclntyre was born in Elbridge April 16, 1861. Receivinghiseduca- tion in the Jordan Academy he removed with his parents to Clyde in 1878 and entered his father's office as bookkeeper and general assistant. In 1884 he became a member of the firm of Calvin Mclntyre & Son, with large malting interests in Phelps, Lyons, and Seneca Falls. During the ten years from that time until the death of his father he was constantly and actively engaged, and very much of the detail of their large business fell upon him. Mr. Mclntyre has a natural taste for politics and possesses many of the natural qualifications necessary for success in that broad field. Popularity with all who know him, whether of his own political creed or the opposite, and activity in local politics from his early years, drew the attention of party leaders long before he reached his majority. Where he was best known he wielded an influence that could not safely be ignored. This gave him an extended acquaintance with prominent men with whom his relations have always been intimate and cordial. Living in a Republican county (Wayne) it is a noteworthy fact that he was made candidate for sheriff by the Democratic- party when 'he was twenty-one years old, and wholly with out solicitation or effort on his part. What is perhaps still more remarkable, he was ^fk<^^^^ BIOGRAPHICAL. 97 defeated by only a small plurality, greatly reducing the usual Republican majority. Regarding this candidacy and previous to the election, the Wayne Democratic Press said: "Although young in years, Mr. Mclntyre has been engaged in extensive busi ness long enough to establish a reputation for honesty and integrity. Of conceded ability, pluck, energy, and perseverance, he is the peer of any man in the county in the qualifications requisite to a prompt and faithful discharge of the duties of the chief executive office of the county. Mr. Mclntyre did not seek nor ask for the nom ination. His worth and fitness attracted the attention of the county committee and subsequent facts have firmly established the wisdom of their choice, Where he is personally known he will receive a vote largely in excess of the numerical strength of his party." Mr. Mclntyre has been repeatedly sent as a delegate to State and county conven tions. In the State Convention of 1887, at Saratoga, he served on the Committee on Credentials. In September of the following year he was delegate to the State Con vention at Buffalo and was placed on the Committee on Permanent Organization, and supported the nomination of Governor Hill. During this canvass he declined the nomination for member of congress, which was tendered him by the party leaders of his district. In 1889 he was chairman of the Wayne County Democratic Commit tee and delegate to the State Convention in Syracuse. In 1892 he was elected one of the presidental electors and cast his vote for Grover Cleveland for president in the Electoral College at Albany January 9, 1893. In all of these honorable positions — doubly|honorable when conferred upon so young a man — he has shown that general knowledge of the political situation and the trend of current events, a readiness of resource, a personal popularity and a judgment of both measures and men, which are the most powerful elements of political success. The large and exacting business duties devolving upon him in the settlement of his father's estate have demanded his unremitting attention, since his father's decease. Mr. Mclntyre is liberally educated and has thoroughly studied political economy and contemporary history. He inherits the self-reliance of his father, is quick in perception and judgment, and courteous and affable in his intercourse with others. In his present large business connections he has gained the respect and confidence of all with whom he has come in contact. NATHAN R. TEFFT, M.D. Dr. Nathan Remington TEFFTwas born in Greenwich, Washington county, N.Y. December 25, 1808, his ancestors coming from Rhode Island to this State in 1766. He was reared by his maternal grandfather, who gave him an excellent common school education, which enabled him to early engage in teaching and thus obtain the means to defray the expenses of a course of study at Lansingburg Academy, then in charge of the late Alexander McCall, of Troy, who ranked among the most popular educators of that period. In the fall of 1827 he came to Marcellus, Onon daga county, and entered upon the study of medicine in the office of his brother, the late Dr. Lake I. Tefft, with whom he remained until the spring of 1831, except ing two winters in teaching school in the town of Skaneateles and a few months as M 98 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. a student under Drs. Hopkins and Porter, of that village. Removing to Onondaga Hill in 1831 he continued his medical studies with the late Dr. Samuel Healy, and m the winter of 1822-33 attended a course of lectures at the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York city. In the spring of 1833 he obtained from the New York State Medical Society a diploma to practice medicine and surgery, and returning to Onondaga Hill he formed a copartnership with his old preceptor, Dr. Healy, which continued for two years, when, owing to ill-health and advanced age, the latter re tired, leaving Dr. Tefft his extensive patronage. Dr. Tefft resided there and suc cessfully prosecuted a wide professional business until shortly before his death, which occurred November 19, 1890. He was long one of the best known physicians in Onondaga county, and in hun - dreds of homes his cheerful presence, kindly manner, and words of encouragement were welcomed and revered. His practice covered a wide territory, extending even into the adjoining towns of Geddes, Camillus, Marcellus, Otisco, and La Fayette, and wherever he went his strong personality and personal influence were potential factors. Though unassuming and characteristically modest, he was endowed with rare tact and perseverance, and invariably succeeded in whatever he attempted. He was public spirited, enterprising, and progressive, and took a deep and often an active interest in all that concerned the general welfare. For fifty years he was the efficient physician and surgeon to the Onondaga County Poorhouse and Asylum for the Insane. In 1862 he was commissioned surgeon of the 122d Regt, N. Y. Vols., and remained in active service in the war of the Rebellion for two years, when ill- health forced him to resign. He brought from the war physical ailments from which he never recovered, and which year by year exhausted his naturally strong constitu tion and ultimately impaired his system. He continued, however, in the practice of his profession with the same success that marked his earlier years, and also identi fied himself with the affairs of the community. In 1869 he was elected to the State Legislature from the Second Assembly district of Onondaga and at the ex piration of his term declined a renomination, which was unanimously tendered to him. Dr. Tefft joined the Onondaga County Medical Society on June 11, 1833, and served as its secretary from June, 1838, to June, 1847. At the annual meeting in 1882 the society unanimously adopted the following resolution : " Resolved, In view of the estimable character of our worthy member, Dr. N. R. Tefft, and his having reached the fiftieth anniversary of his membership in this society, we hereby tender to him as a mark of our respect and high regard a public reception and dinner at such time and place as shall best suit his convenience." Dr. Tefft was never able, owing to impaired health, to make that appointment. He was held in high esteem, not only by his professional brethren, but by the public at large, and especially by those with whom he came in contact. He led a very useful life both as - a physician and as a member of society, and was much sought after as an executor for the settlement of estates. He was a close student and an indefatigable practitioner, a man of good ability and of excellent judgment, a courteous gentleman, a skillful surgeon, a. safe physician, and an honest citizen, His integrity was never questioned. He rode in the saddle as long as he practiced medicine, and that was as long as he was able to travel. He was also a member of the New York State Medical Society. BIOGRAPHICAL. 99 In 1834 Dr. Tefft was married to Miss Emily Strong, daughter of the late Hezekiah Strong, of Onondaga Hill, who died in March, 1890. Their life was a peculiarly happy one. She was long an earnest member of the Presbyterian church, with which he united a few years before his, death, but which he always liberally sup ported. Three children survive them: Ellen and Emma, of Fayetteville, N.Y., and Edward S., assistant cashier of the First National Bank of Syracuse. HENRY W. SLOCUM. Major-Gen. Henry Warner Slocum was born in Delphi, Onondaga county, where his father was a merchant, September 24, 1827, and received his earlier education at Cazenovia Seminary. In 1848 he entered West Point Military Academy, and was graduated from that institution, the seventh in a class of forty-two, in 1852. He was made second lieutenant in the First U. S. Artillery and soon went with that organization to Florida to quell the Sem inole Indian disturbances, but two years, later was ordered with the command to garrison Fort Moultrie at Charleston. While there, and chafing under the inact ivity of garrison life, he read law and took up other studies, andon October 31, 1856, he resigned, a first lieutenant, and began the practice of his profession in Syracuse. In 1859 he was elected to the Assembly from the second district of Onondaga, and from that year to 1861 he also served as in structor of artillery to the State Militia, with the rank of colonel. He was also treasurer of Onondaga county in 1860. His five years of civil life at this period doubtless made him a better soldier, as it enabled him to better appreciate the na ture of the volunteer force to which the defense of the Union was to be intrusted. When the war of the Rebellion broke out he promptly volunteered and on May 21, 1861, was appointed colonel of the 27th Regt, N. Y. Vols. The regiment left Elmira for the front on July 10, and at the first battle of Bull Run he was one of two of its officers who were wounded. Before he was able for duty again he was made a brigadier-general, and after recovering was assigned to Gen. William B. Franklin's division of the Army of the Potomac. He participated in the siege of Yorktown, was in the action of West Point, Va. , in 1862, and succeeded to the command of the division on May 16, when Franklin was transferred to the Sixth Corps. He dis- Henry W. Slocum. 100 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. tinguished himself at Gaines's Mills on June 27, by promptly reinforcing Gen. Fitz John Porter at a critical moment, and also rendered important service at Malvern Hill and Glendale. July 4, 1862, he was made major-general of volunteers and in October was trans ferred to the command of the Twelfth Army Corps. He was present at Second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg, where he led the right wing of the army and contributed largely to national victory. In August, 1864, General Slocum succeeded Hooker in command of the Twentieth Corps, and during Sherman's march to the sea he was intrusted witji the leadership of the west wing. He was in every engagement until the surrender of Johnson at Durham Station, N. C. , and when the war closed he commanded- the Army of Georgia. After the war General Slocum declined a colonelcy in the permanent establish ment, and resigning in September. 1865, he resumed the practice of law in Brook lyn, where he lived during the remainder of his life, and where he died April 14, 1894. In 1865 he was defeated as the Democratic candidate for secretary of the State of New York. In 1868 and again in 1870 he was elected to Congress from the Third Congressional district, and in 1884 he was once more elected to that office from the State at large. He was a Democratic presidential elector in 1868 and was president of the Electoral College of that year. In 1876 he was chosen president of the Board of City Works of Brooklyn. He was a commissioner of the Brooklyn bridge and in favor of making it free. His name was often mentioned in connection with the presidency, particularly at the National Democratic Conventions of 1888 and 1892. In 1878 he was made a trustee of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home at Bath, N. Y. , and for many years he served as its president. In 1886 he was one of the commissioners appointed by the governor to determine the positions of the monuments of the battlefield of Gettysburg. General Slocum was a frequent visitor to Syracuse and manifested a keen interest in the progress of the city, after he took up his residence in Brooklyn. His native county and the scene of his first professional ambitions ever had for him an attrac tion which grew stronger as the years rolled by, and Onondaga will forever honor him as one of her most conspicuous, gallant, and distinguished citizens. DR. JOHN M. WIETING. The life and labors of Dr. John M. Wieting will ever adorn with brilliant splendor the annals of Syracuse and grace with imperishable radiance the history of Onon daga. His achievements, preserved to future generations, and worthy of careful study, are, notable examples of native energy, of indomitable perseverance and of thoughtful application. He was prominently and actively connected with Syracuse from 1837, while it was yet a village, until his death in 1888, a period of over fifty years. His grandfather was John C. Wieting, an accomplished linguist and teacher in early life, who was born in Stendal, Prussia, came to America in his youth, took an active part in the Revolutionary war, and subsequently became the pastor of the first Lutheran church established in the United States, a position he held for twenty- BIOGRAPHICAL. 101 two consecutive years, dying in 1817. His father was Peter Wieting, a native of Montgomery county, N. Y., born October 30, 1790, and during the latter part of his life a resident of Syracuse, where he died in 1856. His mother, Mary Elizabeth Manchester, a descendant of the family of that name which came from Manchester, England, and settled in Rhode Island, was born in Washington county, N. Y., in April, 1792, and died in May, 1872. Dr. Wieting was born in the town of Springfield, Otsego county, N. Y. , February 8, 1817. He inherited all the sterling characteristics of his ancestors and acquired in early life the commendable habits of his day and generation. Notwithstanding the meager advantages of the period he resolutely applied himself to study, both at home and in the district school, and readily secured a good knowlege of the ordinary English branches. At the age of fourteen he began his active career of self-support and for four years successfully followed the occupation of school teaching at Deer- field, Oneida county, attending in the mean time Clinton Liberal Institute during the summer, where he had a free scholarship. During that period he laid the founda tions of his after life, which eventually developed into one of rare completeness. When eighteen he engaged as an assistant on the survey of the New York and Erie Railroad. Two years later he became a civil engineer on the construction of the Syracuse and Utica Railway, and continued in that position until about 1826. In addition to these duties he also surveyed and platted Rose Hill Cemetery, and estab lished the grade of several streets in the then village of Syracuse. In these capaci ties he was eminently successful and evinced an aptitude for civil engineering at once thorough and comprehensive. During all this time, however, Dr. Wieting was the mam support of his parents and their family. His father had been a wealthy hardware merchant, but financial disaster and ill health swept away his accumulations and compelled him to rely upon his son for the necessaries of life. Worthily and nobly did the latter respond, fulfilling his duties with filial devotion, and when success had crowned his efforts lavishing upon them all the comforts and luxuries that money could give. In this as in other similar respects Dr. Wieting manifested one of the strongest character istics of his nature. He was pre-eminently a student and a scholar. Boundless indeed was his thirst for knowledge, and tireless to a degree was his search after truth. The sciences and mathamatics had for him a special charm. With extraor dinary shrewdness he mastered their fundamental principles, and by patient toil and exemplary perseverance he acquired a thorough insight into the natural laws govern ing the world and man. By the dim rays of a candle he poured over his books dur ing the cheerless hours of night; unaided and alone he solved many a knotty prob lem and familiarized himself with the difficult studies of development. His work was systematic, his energy indomitable, and in time he became imbued with the idea of expounding the thoughts which filled his active brain. According he commenced the study of medicine in Syracuse with Dr. Hiram Hoyt, and while thus engaged attended here a course of lectures on physiology delivered by Dr. Austin Flint, of New York city, which the latter illustrated with a manikin. This was evidently the turning point in his "life, as it resulted in Dr. Wieting himself becoming a lecturer. He was deeply interested in the subject, and at its conclusion made Dr. Flint an offer for his apparatus, which was accepted. He borrowed the money with which to purchase the outfit, and in the spring of 1843 began lecturing on physiology and 102 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. the laws of life and health in the smaller towns and villages of the Empire State, a career he continued with unparalleled success for more than twenty years. He gradually enlarged his field of public service by pushing himself into the cities and larger centers of population, not only in New York but throughout the United States, and everywhere met with a reception as grand as it was sublime. He also added by purchase to his lecturing apparatus until he possessed the largest and most complete outfit for illustrating these subjects ever owned in this country, it being valued at upwards of $18,000. As a popular, entertaining and scientific lecturer on the laws of physiology and hygiene he may properly be termed the pioneer in America, as he was the first to present the subject in a form attractive and agreeable to the masses. He acquired a national reputation and a foremost place among the eminent public lecturers of the world. Possessing great force of character, unbounded energy, in dustry and perseverance, good common sense, and exceptional brain power, he was a clear reader of human nature and an unflinching adherent to his settled beliefs. An instance which vividly illustrates these characteristics of the man is best told by the following published anecdote: "One evening in the Tremont Temple, Boston, the doctor noticed in one of the front seats a tall, lank, awkward-looking young man with a pair of earnest eyes, intently listening to the lecture. The doctor went thence to Philadelphia, and on the first night of his lecture in that city, in a front seat, sat the same awkward, earnest- looking youth ; and so, night after night, the doctor noticed him, and his interest was awakened. At last, one night after the lecture was over, the young man presented himself, saying, 'I'm a stranger to you, but I've listened to you many nights with much interest. Now, I have mustered up courage to ask a great favor of you. I want to go to California. I have no money. I've not a relative in the world who can help me, and I wish you would let me have one thousand dollars, and I solemnly promise not only to return it to you, but also to give you an equal share in whatever I may have the fortue to make. I feel that I can accomplish something if I can only reach the country and make a beginning.' The gold fever was then at its height, which to some extent accounted for his unwonted enthusiasm and assurance. The doctor looked at him as he made this strange request, and finally said, 'I'm very tired to night and cannot talk on the subject, but you come around to my rooms to morrow and we will talk it over.' When the young man appeared the next day, something seemed to tell the doctor to grant his request. The doctor was a practi cal man, and that he himself should be so impressed to do so uncommon and appar ently risky a thing seemed all the more strange ; but he did. He drew his check for the amount, and handing it to the young man said: 'This money represents so much mental toil on my part. I began poor, but I have achieved success. I can spare this money now. You're a stranger to me, and I leave the matter between you and your Maker. I can lose it, but I shall regret to lose my faith in you.' The young man, with tears in his eyes, took the check and said, ' You shall never regret this act, if God spares my life.' The two parted. A few months later the doctor received a check for one thousand dollars. At various times after that he received other amounts until the sum grew to ten thousand dollars. He then wrote to the young man that he was unwilling to accept more, as the obligation had been trebly discharged. But he received in reply a letter stating that the writer considered it his duty to discharge this obligation according to the terms of the contract between BIOGRAPHICAL. 103 them, and felt that the blessing of God would be withdrawn if he violated his word. He then wrote the doctor asking the further loan of twenty thousand dollars, as he wished to engage in a larger field of operation. Dr. Wieting's mother said to him, 'That's a scheme to get back all he has given you,' and his brothers also tried to dissuade him from granting the request ; but there seemed a bond between the two men that could not be appreciated by others, and the doctor determined to advance the large sum, and did so. No tidings came for some months and he began to get anxious; but at last news came and money began to pour in on the doctor until he was the recipient of at least fifty thousand dollars. Later another letter came stat ing that the doctor would hear from the writer again, but no tidings were ever after received of that faithful soul. It is doubtful if a parallel case, or one even approach ing it in dramatic or human interest, ever occurred." Dr. Wieting was emphatically a benefactor to the city of Syracuse, where he came to reside in 1837, and became a large owner of real estate. On July 9, 1851, a fire destroyed a collection of buildings standing on the site of the present Wieting block between Salina and Clinton streets, and soon afterward the old Malcolm block was erected on the corner now occupied by the handsome brick structure. This building was purchased by Dr. Wieting, who greatly improved it, especially the public hall in the upper story. On January 5, 1856, while the thermometer regis tered several degrees below zero, it was burned to the ground, and at -the time the doctor was lecturing in Boston, the dispatch announcing the news being handed to him a few minutes before he went upon the platform. Walking calmly forward he delivered his discourse as usual, showing admirable self-control; afterwards he proudly and justly boasted that in his twenty years of public life he had never dis appointed an audience nor kept one waiting. Within 100 days a loftier and a handsomer structure rose over the ruins, containing another public hall known as the Wieting Opera House. This became historic in the annals of the city. For many vears it was the scene of State political conventions, and yielded up its popularity only when the great caravansaries at Saratoga bid for patronage. Within its walls resounded the eloquence of voices of national reputation — orators, states men, politicians, lecturers, vocalists, actors, actresses. For twenty-five years it was the chief place of entertainment and public gatherings in Central New York. In vvar times it was often filled with enthusiastic and patriotic supporters of the Union, and during its entire existence was one of the leading attractions of the city. But this, too, was destroyed by fire on the night of July 19, 1881, and on the site Dr. Wieting at once erected the present commodious block, while on an adjoining lot on West Water street he built one of the finest opera houses in the State, and both bear his honored name. The late M. C. Hand, in his interesting volume entitled " From a Forest to a City," 1889, said: " Dr. Wieting was a thoughtful and practical man, and in building his block did what apparently no other man had done in the construction of such buildings that was to study the wants of the people. Previous to the existence of this [the first Wieting] block there was not a public hall with a capacity sufficient for a town the size of Syracuse. He took this into consideration and fully supplied the demand. The ample capacity and elegant finish of the hall met the requirements so essential in places of amusement, for without these an entertainment of high order could not be fully enjoyed. By this course he made the upper part of his building pay him as 104 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. well as the lower portion, and his block has always been a good paying investment. The first Wieting block was burned January 5, 1856. Dr. Wieting's energy would not allow an hour's time to be lost in constructing a larger and more attrac tive building, and in less than a year he dedicated his new hall, which was much more elegant than the first. This second block was burned in 1881. It is to such men as Dr. Wieting that Syracuse is indebted for much of its thrift. He made his money to build his first block by lecturing in other cities. I think I heard the last lecture he ever delivered in his own hall, in which he gave a short history of the struggles and trials of his early life ; how he overcame them all and continued to lecture until he had earned $100,000; and as he was speaking he stepped forward upon the platform of Wieting Hall and raising his voice, with much feeling, said, ' and I have spent the hundred thousand right here.' " In 1875 Dr. Wieting and his estimable wife started on a tour around the world, sailing from San Francisco across the Pacific to Japan and thence to China, the islands of Singapore and Ceylon, India, Egypt, Europe and New York. He was noted as a close observer, and during this trip acquired a vast fund of information. During the remainder of his life he practically lived in retirement, attending to his large estate and enjoying the fruits of a successful career. In 1887, with a view of benefiting his health, he made another European tour accompanied by his wife, and from his return in November of that year until the day of his death he suffered severely from asthmatic and bronchial difficulties. A slight cold developed into pneumonia, and he died February 13, 1888, after one week's illness. His remains were consigned to the massive and handsome mausoleum which he had caused to be erected in Oakwood Cemetery. The press far and near pronounced touching and deserved tributes to his character and individuality, and gracefully acknowledged him one of the foremost men of his time. Two of the local papers contained respec tively the following paragraphs : "Dr. Wieting certainly took a wholesome pride in the city of Syracuse. . . It was at his hands that Syracuse had its first theater and later its first opera house." "Dr. Wieting's keen intellect, his unique individuality, his sturdy physique, made him a force in this community, a noted character wherever he traveled, and seemed to insure length of days and continued active participation in public affairs. . . All that he achieved he owed to his own tireless energy, wisely exerted to useful and successful ends." His philanthropy and his loyalty to Syracuse found expression in the munificent bequests made in his will to the various charitable institutions of the city. Dr. Wieting married Mary Elizabeth, youngest daughter of Hon. Samuel Plumb, of Homer, N. Y., who survives him. The mother of Mrs. Wieting was the daugh ter of Col. William Coley, whose father came, from England to America while William was still a child. He enlisted as a soldier in the Revolutionary war while a mere youth, serving several years and acquiring the rank of colonel in the Ver mont militia. He was one of the company interested in the celebrated Vermont coinage following the close of the Revolutionary war and the records of the time indicate that he cut the dies from which the Vermont pennies were made. He was also one of the founders of the Grand Lodge of Vermont, and its first presiding officer. The closing years of his life were spent in Otselic, Chenango county, N. Y. , where he died in November, 1843. BIOGRAPHICAL. 105 The father of Mrs. Wieting devoted himself for many years to the practice of law in Chenango county, where he resided previous to his removal to Homer, N. Y. He became one of the most influential men of the county. He was an active politician and devoted to the old Whig party. He held the office of postmaster at Pitcher, Chenango county, during a period of twenty years, his resignation being greatly regretted. He was repeatedly elected to the office of justice of the peace and to various other public offices. He was elected representative to the State Legislature in 1840, which was an important period in our political history. He was ever a zealous advocate of all measures promising advancement to public interests. He died in Homer, N. Y. , December 10, 1878. Mrs. Wieting was born in Chenango county, whence her father removed to Homer, N. Y., principally for the purpose of educating his children. There she entered Cortland Academy, at the time one of the leading institutions of learning in the country, the curriculum being most exhaustive and thorough. She was grad uated with the highest honors in both the scientific and classical courses at the age of eighteen. She is an accomplished linguist, an accurate observer, and has traveled extensively in all parts of the world. She is a frequent contributor to the press of Syracuse and to other papers of the State, both in prose and poetry. After the death of her husband she wrote a sketch of his life, together with a history of their tour around the world, which was published in book form by G. P. Putnam's Sons, of New York, solely for private distribution. It is a volume of 250 pages, handsomely illustrated, and received most flattering endorsement by the press. A copy was sent to the Woman's Library of the World's Fair at Chicago, and after ward removed to the State Library at Albany. In the winter of 1893 Mrs. Wieting presented to the College of Medicine of Syracuse University the extensive and valuable lecturing apparatus used by her husband during his public career — the most complete outfit of the kind ever owned in this country. Since his death she has carried on the large estate with marked ability and fidelity to her trust. THEODORE L. POOLE. Hon. Theodore L. Poole, Syracuse, member of Congress, was born in Jordan, Onondaga county, April 10, 1840, and when one year old came with his parents to Syracuse, where he has since resided. He was educated in the public schools of Syracuse, and when the war of the Rebellion broke out was pursuing studies to fit himself for the profession of dentistry. In the summer of 1862 he enlisted in the 122d Regt., N. Y. Vols., as a private in Co. I and when the regiment was mustered into the service of the United States, August 28, 1862, he was appointed quartermas ter-sergeant. In the following September the regiment was assigned to the famous fighting Sixth Army Corps and participated in all its battles from Antietam to the final surrender at Appomattox. Mr. Poole was early promoted to a lieutenancy and at the beginning of the Wilderness campaign was acting-adjutant of his regi ment. For "conspicuous bravery" at Spottsylvania and other battles of the Wil derness and at Cold Harbor he was commissioned as captain and subsequently N 106 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. was brevetted major both by the State of New York and the United States. At the battle of Cold Harbor he was severely wounded and after several months of suffer ing in the hospital it became necessary to amputate his left arm to save his life, but he returned to duty as soon as he "recovered his strength and mustered out with his regiment. Soon after his return from the army Major Poole was appointed as assistant assessor of U. S. Internal revenue and while holding that office was elected county clerk of Onondaga county, serving three years. At the expiration of his term of office he became engaged in mercantile pursuits, first as a member of the firm of Poole & Hawkins and later of the firm of Poole & North and was also for many years interested in the manufacture of coarse salt. He was active in the organization of the Consolidated Street Railroad Company, serving two years as its secretary and general manager ; has been a director of the Bank, of Syracuse since its organization ; is a member of the firm of W. A. Abel & Co. ; is vice-president of the Engelberg Huller Company and president of the Em pire Cotton 'Company. - In May, 1879, Major Poole was appointed pension agent of the northern and western district of New York and held this important office until 1889. In Novem ber, 1894, he was elected a member of the 54th Congress from the Onondaga- Madison district, as a Republican, receiving 24,467 votes, against 16,307 for his prin cipal competitor. Major Poole was one of the first to become identified with the Grand Army of the Republic in the State of New York, has taken part in every department encamp ment, served as a member of the Council of Administration ten years and in 1892 was chosen commander of the Department of New York. He was one of the organ izers of Post Dwight, the first post organized in Syracuse, and was also one of the charter members of Root Post, No. 151. JOHN J. PECK. Maj.-Gen. John J. Peck, son of John W. and Phebe Peck, was born in Manlius, -Onondaga county, January 4, 1821, and died April 21, 1878, in Syracuse. His father served some time at the harbor in New York in the war of 1812. He prepared for college, and in July, 1839, through Hon. William Taylor, was admitted to West Point in a class of over one hundred, of which thirty-nine were graduated one of them being General Grant. In 1843 he served as instructor of infantry and was com missioned a brevet second-lieutenant in the 2d U. S. Artillery. In 1843 and 1844 he was stationed at Fort Columbus, and in 1845 at Fort Hamilton, whence his com pany was ordered to Texas, arriving at Corpus Christi in August, 1845. During the Mexican war which followed he served with bravery and distinction, and won high honors on the battle field. July 27, 1846, he was recommended by General Taylor for brevet promotion for gallantry in the battles of Fort Brown, Palo Alto, and Resaca de la Palma. Being the youngest in rank and years this was the highest honor that could be conferred. April 15, 1846, he was made second-lieutenant, and BIOGRAPHICAL. 107 in March 3, 1847, first-lieutenant. For " gallantry 'and good conduct at Contreras and Cherubusco," he received from the president and Senate the brevet of captain, and for meritorious services at El Molino del Rey he was promoted to the rank of major. His company was among the first to enter Puebla and the city of Mexico. The esteem in which Major Peck was held by his illustrious commander is expressed in the following letter by General Worth : "City of Mexico, December 8, 1847. " My Dear Sirs: "I have desired my young and gallant friend, Lieutenant Peck, to hand you this, and I beg to commend him to your consideration and kind attention. You will find the name and services of this officer in an official account of every battle, save one, from the commencement of this war to the conquest of the basin, as the associate of Duncan or Smith. He is of our State and worthy of it. "(Signed) Very truly yours, W.J.Worth. "To Hons. Erastus Corning, John Van Buren, E. Crosswell, and Mr. Jas. Stevenson." On his return to his native home he was tendered a public dinner and presented with a beautiful sword, on w-hich was the following inscription : ' ' Presented to Major J. J. Peck, by the citizens of Manlius, as a testimonial of respect for his gallant and meritorious conduct in the bat tles of Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Monterey, Vera Cruz, Cerro Cordo, Contreras, Cherubusco, Molino del Rey. Chapultepec, Causeway, and Gate of San Cosme, and City of Mexico." In 1849 the government, through Senator Dix, tendered Major Peck the position of as sistant quartermaster, which he declined. In 1848, 1849, and 1850 he served in the In dian territories, in New Mex ico, and August 30, 1849, was engaged with the Navajoes, in Upper California, and in locating Fort Defiance, his spare time being occupied in preparing a work on artillery and infantry tactics. His sub sequent resignation ended those labors. In the moves for the admission of New Mexico as a State, during the sessions of the convention, Major Peck was active with the committees, and strove to engraft free and liberal institutions adverse to slavery. John J. Peck. 108 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. In 1850 he married Miss Rhobie, the accomplished daughter of Harvey Loomis, of Syracuse. In 1853 he visited his old commander, General Scott, on the matter of his resignation, as he had done in 1850. The General said, ' ' That while he lived (on personal grounds) he regretted the resignation of any officer who had been bap tized with him in fire Mexico." In politics Major Peck was of the school known as Hunker, prior to the union with the Softs in 1856 at the Cincinnati convention, and a strict constructionist of the constitution. He was a delegate to the National Democratic convention at Cincin nati in 1856, and the same year was nominated for Congress and tendered a renom. ination in 1858. In 1857 he was also tendered a foreign mission by Buchanan, but declined. He was a member of the National Democratic convention of 1860, and in 1861 was a member of the committee to escort President-elect Lincoln, from Buffalo to Syracuse on his way to Washington. At the breaking out of the Rebellion Major Peck tendered his services, by letter, to the president, and was also active in calling a Union war meeting in Syracuse. August 9, 1861, he was appointed a brigadier-general, and repairing to Washington was assigned to a brigade in the army of the Potomac. He rendered signal service at the siege of Yorktown, Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, and Harrison's Landing, where he was made full major-general, to date July 4, 1862. For his skillful defense of Suffolk in 1863, he received the highest encomiums from his superiors for his good judgment during the six months in strongly fortifying the place, and for his gallant defense of the same when attacked by a much larger force, led by some of the most distinguished commanders in the Confederacy. In consequence of ill health he returned home, and July 5, 1864, was assigned to duty as second in command of the Department of the East, consisting of New York, New Jersey, and the New England States. In August, 1865, he was mustered out of the service. At the time of the assassination of President Lincoln General Peck issued approriate orders to the department for observing the funeral obsequies, ad dressed the great meeting in Wall street, and paid every respect due to the memory of the late chief magistrate. From the time General Peck assumed command of troops he was the source of justice and of municipal regulations, the protector of private rights of person and property. In his orders he called on Christian men of the north for ministers to give instruction to the living and Christian burial to the dead heroes of the war. On April 12, 1865, the citizens of New York commemorated at the Academy of Music, by appropriate exercises, the raising of the flag of the Union over Fort Sumter by General Anderson. General Peck was the president of the day, and delivered the address. In 1867 he organized the New York State Life Insurance Company, and was made its president. His wife died March 20, 1874. He died April 21, 1878. BIOGRAPHICAL. 109 CORNELIUS T. LONGSTREET. Cornelius Tyler Longstreet was born in Onondaga Valley on the 19th of April, 1814, and died in Syracuse on July 4, 1881. His ancestors were from Holland, the founders of the family in Americabeing three brothers who came over in the seven teenth century and settled in New Jersey. Among their descendants were Judge Longstreet, president of Col umbia College in South Car olina at the breaking out of the Civil war, and Gen. James Longstreet, a distin guished Southern soldier. Cornelius Longstreet, father of Cornelius F., was a native of Onondaga Hill, where he engaged in mercantile busi ness. In 1805 he married Deborah, daughter of Com fort Tyler, the pioneer, and of their family of five chil dren the sub j ect of this sketch was the youngest. The lat ter was scarcely a year old when his father died; his mother's death occurred in 1826. Cornelius T. Longstreet inherited sterling traits of character. He attended school until 1827, when he was apprenticed to a tailor in the then small village of Syra cuse, where he remained for three years. He then followed his trade in Geddes for a year, and at the age of seventeen opened a shop in that place for himself. Three years later he moved his business to Syracuse and formed a partnership with Henry Agnew, then the leading tailor of the village. He soon became sole owner of a large and profitable establishment and was eminently successful from the start. For ten years his business was probably the largest and most prosperous of its kind in the State outside of New York city. But his ambition carried him beyond the confines of a village into the broader field of wholesale operations. In 1846 he went to New York and founded a wholesale clothing house, which he conducted for six years with characteristic energy and success. He was the first person to ship ready- made clothing to California and other Western points. Having amassed a fortune he returned to Syracuse in 1852 and spent about three years in the erection of that landmark known as " Renwick Castle," but in 1855 he again went to New York to Cornelius T. Longstreet. ]10 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. assist in establishing his eldest son, Charles A. Longstreet, in the wholesale clothing business, and for several years was associated with him as a silent partner. During this time, however, he maintained his home in Syracuse, whither he returned per manently in 1862. , In 1863 Mr. Longstreet became one of the first board of directors of the First National Bank, a position he held until his death. He was also one of the original incorporators and for nearly thirty years a director of the Mechanics' Bank of Syra cuse, which was organized in August, 1851. In politics he was a steadfast Repub lican from the formation of that party, though he never sought or desired public office. He was charitable and benevolent, and gave liberally of his means to the founding and support of St. Joseph's Hospital, the Old Ladies' Home, and other beneficent charities of the city. He took a keen interest in the advancement of the community, and upon all matters of public importance his influence was effective. He won and retained warm friendships, universal respect, and high esteem, and his life was exemplary in its every phase. He died in Syracuse on July 4, 1881. Mr. Longstreet married a daughter of Lewis H. Redfield, who with three children —Mrs. Cornelia T. Poor, Charles A., and Edward W.— survived him. Charles A. subsequently died in California and Edward W. in Syracuse. JAMES BYRON BROOKS. James Byron Brooks, son of Nathaniel and Emily (Cutler) Brooks, both of Massa chusetts, was born in Rockingham, Windham county, Vt., June 27, 1839. His mother died in 1847 and in 1853 his father went to California, where he died. James B. was raised on a farm, attended the district schools and one term of the Spring field (Vt.) Academy, and was a student at Newbury (Vt.) Seminary with some inter ruptions, from the fall of 1858 until the breaking out of the Rebellion in 1861, when he enlisted, under the first call of the president for troops, in the Bradford Guards, 1st Vt. Vols., his regiment being stationed at Fortress Monroe and Newport News during his term of enlistment. Returning home he re-enlisted in Co. H, 4th Vt. Regt. and on Sept 12, 1861, was commissioned second lieutenant, attached to the Vermont Brigade, 6th Corps, Army of the Potomac. December 28, 1861, he was de tailed for service in the U. S. Signal Corps, and on January 29, 1862, was promoted first lieutenant of Co. I of his regiment. March 7 he was assigned to active field duty as a signal officer, and served with the Army of the Potomac until August 31, 1863, when by consent of the secretary of war he returned to his regiment. May 5, 1864, he was commissioned captain and on the 6th received a gunshot wound at the battle of the Wilderness. After being confined for some time in the hospitals at George town, D.C., and at Annapolis, Md., he was honorably discharged August 5, 1864, for wounds received in action. He resumed his studies in Newbury Seminary, and in June, 1869, was graduated from Dartmouth College. He read law with Col. Ros well Farnham, later governor of Vermont, at Bradford, Vt. , was graduated from the Albany Law School in 1871 ; was immediately admitted to the bar in this State, and commenced practice in Syracuse on February 1, 1872. In 1873 he became a member of the firm of Fuller, Vann & Brooks, his partners being Truman K. Fuller F. L. ABELL. BIOGRAPHICAL. Ill and Irving G. Vann. and in July, 1874, he entered the firm of Ruger, Jenney, Brooks & French, with whom and whose successors he remained until May 1, 1889. Later he formed the copartnership of Brooks & Walrath. his partner being John H. Walrath. He was alderman from the Eighth ward in 1884-85 and school commis sioner in 1886-88, and on June 21, 1888, was appointed a member of the Board of Commissioners which carried to completion the present municipal water system. He has been a trustee of Syracuse University since 1885 and was president of the Young Men's Christian Association from 1886 to 1895. In June, 1895, the trustees of Syracuse University inaugurated a College of Law at that institution and elected Mr. Brooks dean of the new department. Mr. Brooks is one of the foremost lawyers in Syracuse and has always taken an active interest in the growth and welfare of the city. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. September 7, 1873, he married Miss Caroline L. Jewell, of East Orange, Vt. FLAVEL L. ABELL. Flavel L. Abell was born in the town of Geddes, Onondaga county, now Solvay village, March 21, 1852. He has resided continuously since his birth at the old homestead which his father established in 1830. Lavius H. Abell, his father, came to the town of Geddes in 1830 and bought the farm on the road (then known as the " shunpike") leading directly west from Syracuse. He was born in Connecticut in 1805, and was still a young man when he settled in Onondaga county. The land was mostly unimproved at that time, so he set about the task of clearing and devel oping his farm. He descended from sturdy English stock of strictly upright char acter and withal possessed the ambition and industry which brought success as the years went on. Mr. Abell built the house which now stands upon the property. He married first, in 1831, Elizabeth Ann Frink, who was also born in Connecticut. By this marriage Mr. Abell had two children: Lionel W., who died in Texas in 1895. and one daughter, Ruby, who married Mr. Eli F. Sim, and now resides in Ohio. Mrs. Abell died in 1840. March 14, 1841, Mr. Abell married Margaret Frink, sister of his first wife. They had seven children, three of whom are now living: Flavel L., William F., and Lura A., who married I. U. Doust, the artist in Syracuse. Mr. Abell was a member of the Baptist church of Syracuse for nearly fifty years, and both of his wives were also members. He was so thoroughly christian that his life im pressed itself upon all who knew him as that of a sincere Christian. Lavius L. Abell died in 1880; Mrs. Abell, his wife, resides at the homestead with her son, Flavel L. Flavel L. Abell received his education in the schools of Geddes and after his school days devoted his energies to farm life at home. LTpon the death of his father the farm fell to Flavel L. and he continued to conduct it successfully from that time. The village of Solvay had in the mean time sprung up and spread to considerable dimensions, so that in 1889 the Abell farm, one of the landmarks of the town, fell in the line of the village's onward march westward and a good part of it has been sold and built upon by residents of the village. But with all this influx and building Mr. Abell's moral sense of good citizenship has been impressed upon that section of the town by his rigidly prohibiting for all time the sale of intoxicating 112 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. liquors on the land he sells. This principle so strictly adhered to has been the means of attracting only the best class of the citizens of the place. In 1883 Mr. Abell married Annie, daughter, of Carlos and Mary R. Palmer of Elmira, N. Y. Mr. Palmer was for many years a Christian minister. He died in 1890. His ancestry came from England to this country in 1659. Mrs. Palmer is still living. Mr. and Mrs. Abell have had six children, four boys and two girls. Carlos Palmer, the first boy, died when three years of age. Those living are Earl L. , Mary M., Max F., Leslie H., and Lura A. The family are identified with the Congrega tional church of Geddes. ELIAS W. LEAVENWORTH. Gen, Elias Warren Leavenworth was born in Canaan, Columbia county, N. Y. , December 20, 1803. His American ancestor was Thomas Leavenworth, who came from England to this coun try a little before 1670. David, the father of Elias W. and of the fifth genera tion from Thomas, was born in Watertown, Conn., Sep tember 12, 1796, married Lucinda Mather at Torring- ford, Conn., January 16, 1794, and spent a few years of his early life in the prac tice of medicine. Later he was State printer at Albany, N. Y., and a member of the firm of Leavenworth & Whiting, booksellers and stationers, and in 1806 moved to Great Barrington, Mass., where he engaged in mercantile business with his youngest brother Isaac, and where he died May 25, 1831. General Leavenworth's boyhood and youth were passed among the hills and valleys of Berkshire. In 1819 he entered Hudson Academy, then under Rev. Daniel Parker, father of Judge Amasa Parker. He also prepared for college under Erastus C. Bennett, of Great Barrington, and in 1820 Elias W. Leavenworth. BIOGRAPHICAL. 113 entered Williams College, where he remained one year. He was graduated from Yale in 1824 and took a second degree from that institution in 1827, and while there, in 1823, was elected a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society. September 20, 1824, he began the study of law with William Cullen Bryant, then practicing in Great Bar rington, and on May 16, 1825, he entered the law school at Litchfield, Conn., from which he was admitted to the bar of that State in January, 1827. On Monday, Novem ber 12, 1827, he left Great Barrington for Syracuse, arriving here at sunset on the following Saturday. He was admitted on the motion of Gen. James R. Lawrence in the Common Pleas as an attorney in February term, 1828, in the Supreme Court at Albany as attorney in October term, 1829, and as counselor in 1833. On reaching Syracuse he studied and practiced law with Alfred Northam until February, 1829, when he formed a copartnership with the late B. Davis Noxon, which continued with various members of the family till 1850, when he retired from active practice on account of ill health. In January, 1832, General Leavenworth was appointed lieutenant of artillery in the 147th Regiment of Infantry, and in the same year was made captain of artillery in that regiment. In 1834 he was promoted lieutenant- colonel of the 29th Regiment of Artillery, of which he became colonel in 1835. In 1836 he was appointed brigadier- general of the 7th Brigade of Artillery. He was originally a Whig, and in 1835 accepted the nomination of assemblyman, but was defeated, the county being hopelessly Democratic. In 1835 he was elected a trustee of the village of Syracuse, and in 1838, 1839, and 1840 served as village president, to which position he was again chosen in 1846 and 1847. In 1839 and 1840 he was elected supervisor of the old town of Salina, being the first of an opposing party to defeat the Democrats in more than ten years. During the period in which he was at the head of the village government he carried out many permanent im provements, notably the measures which gave the city Vanderbilt square, Fayette Park, and other valuable features. In the spring of 1849 he was elected mayor of Syracuse, and in that year Armory Park was laid out and became city property. In the following fall he was elected a member of the Legislature, where he served on several very important committees. In 1851 he lacked but six or eight votes of the nomination for secretary of sfate at the Whig State convention, and in the fall of 1853 he was nominated and elected to that office by a handsome majority. In this capacity he was instrumental in causing the removal of the State Asylum for Idiots from near Albany to Syracuse. He was again elected to the Legislature in the fall of 1856, and was chairman of the committee on canals, of the committee on banks, and of the select committee of one from each judicial district on the equalization of the State tax. As chairman of the latter committee he drew the bill which estab lished the Board of State Assessors. In the spring of 1859 he was again elected mayor of the city, and in the fall of the same year was renominated for secretary of state, but was defeated for this office by a very small number of votes through the efforts of the ' ¦ Know Nothing " party. In 1860 he was appointed by the Legislature a member of the board of quarantine commissioners and was elected president of that body. In the same year he was president of the Republican State Convention which assembled in Syracuse. February 5, 1861, he was chosen one of the Regents of the State University, and in 1872 was appointed by the governor and Senate one of the commissioners to amend the State Constitution. In the fall of 1874 he was 114 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. elected a member of the 44th Congress, where he attained high distinction. He de clined a re-election. In all these positions he exhibited rare ability, sound judgment, and a broad and intelligent grasp of important subjects, and, won the confidence and respect of not only his associates and constituents but of all classes of citizens. General Leavenworth always manifested great pride in the advancement of the city of Syracuse, which he served so efficiently and faithfully in various capacities. In 1849-50 he was a member of the building committee of the First Presbyterian church, and it was largely due to his efforts that the site was covered with the beau tiful brown stone gothic edifice instead of a plainer brick structure. One of the wisest and most beneficent services ever rendered to the city was his labor in con nection with the organization of the Oakwood Cemetery Association in 1858-59, in which he was intimately associated with Hamilton White, and which he served many years as president. He was prominently and officially identified with numerous in stitutions, companies, and societies. He was vice-president and later president of the Syracuse Savings Bank until he resigned in 1883, president of the Syracuse Water Company from 1864 till his death, president of the Syracuse Gas Light Com pany, and president of the Historical Society of Central New York. In 1855 he was elected a member of the New England Historical and Genealogical Society of Bos ton and a corresponding member of the American Historical and Geographical Society of New York city. He died November 25, 1887, greatly lamented and uni versally respected. Among the bequests in his will was one giving to the city the handsome fountain at the junction of West Onondaga, Tallman, and Delaware streets and Onondaga ave. A short time before his death he wrote a series of papers on the early history of Syracuse, which have proven a valuable contribution to local annals. General Leaven worth's first wife was Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Judge Joshua Forman, the founder of Syracuse. She died April 18, 1880, and he married, second, Mrs. Harriet Townley Ball, of Elizabeth, N. J. DWIGHT H. BRUCE.i Gen. D wight Hall Bruce was born in Lenox, Madison county, N. Y., June 21, 1834, and descends through both father and mother from a long line of respected and even noble ancestry. He is the eldest son of Benjamin Franklin Bruce, who was also born in Lenox on May 5, 1812, and who died December 21, 1888. Benja min F. was the oldest son of Joseph Bruce, who was born in Roxbury, Mass., Janu ary 6, 1789, and who was the second son of Thaddeus, born at Woburn, Mass., November 14, 1765, the third child of Joseph, also born at Woburn, June 20, 1735, the eighth child of John, born June 18, 1670, the sixth child of George, who came from Edinburg and settled at Woburn. The latter was of Norman ancestry and a lineal descendant of Robert Bruce, or Robert de Bruis, a Norman knight, who accom panied William the Conqueror to England in 1066. The family, for several genera- 1 Contributed by W, Stanley Child. BIOGRAPHICAL. 115 tions, was illustrious in Scottish history, and the motto on their coat of arms is "Do well and doubt not." General Bruce was reared on a farm in Madison county, where his earlier years were passed amid the disadvantages and hard labor of rural life. He inherited those sturdy traits of character which had so long distinguished his ancestors, and which have won for him a conspicuous position in commercial, literary, and military affairs.' By assiduous study and continued effort he obtained not only a thorough common school education, but also a full academic course, which was both broad and comprehensive in its curriculum. He was fitted by special preparation for an advanced college entrance, but he was compelled by unfortunacy to indefinitely postpone a cherished application for admission and continue his studies under other auspices. After an experience in various pursuits he became connected in 1858 with the Oswego Commercial Times as associate editor, and in that capacity acquired a valuable knowledge of journalism during the following three years. While there he also attained considerable prominence in Freemasonry and was regarded as one of the brightest lights of that mystic order. In the mean time his father had been ap pointed canal commissioner in charge of the middle division of the canals of the State, and in January, 1861, General Bruce resigned his editorial chair to accept the post of assistant in that office. Since then he has resided in Syracuse. Meanwhile he was actively identified with the militia of the State, in which he en listed in 1850, when he was only sixteen years of age, and was continuously con nected with that organization for thirty-five years. He rose gradually to the divis ion and staff grades of major and paymaster, colonel and engineer, and in 1878, at the request of Colonel Yale, became inspector of rifle practice of the late 51st Regi ment. From this position he was subsequently promoted by election to brigadier- general in command of the 10th Brigade, which was afterward changed by reduction of brigades to the 7th. In 1884, after a conspicuously lengthy service in the militia, he resigned and retired from the National Guard. His patriotism during the war of the Rebellion is well-known. From the beginning of hostilities to the close of that momentous struggle his enthusiasm for the Union cause knew no bounds, and dur ing the entire period he rendered valuable aid to the government as well as to the Federal armies. He was the organizer and supervisor of the councils of the Union League of America, a secret and semi-military organization for the support of the Union army, from the time of its institution in this State in 1862 until the end of the war. The membership of the councils under his supervision numbered more than 23,000. In politics he has been for many years an active and influential factor. Casting his first vote for John C. Fremont for president in 1856, he has ever since been a staunch adherent of Republican principles and a steadfast supporter of that party, which has honored him with several local offices. During the exciting Lin coln campaign of 1864 he rendered efficient service as secretary of the Republican Central Committee, a position he held for ten consecutive years, or until he would no longer accept it. He was first and last for his country, and above party preju dices and bigotry, and only adhered to partisanship for the country's good. Hav ing the courage of his convictions he boldly and fearlessly stood for the right, and ably managed the local campaigns during and after the war. He declined a commis sion at the front in order to fill responsible positions at home, where he was especially 116 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. active as a member of war committees in aid of the Union armies, a field for which he was eminently fitted. In 1866 and again in 1867, General Bruce was elected supervisor from the Seventh ward of Syracuse, and it was on his motion that the board appointed a committee, of which he was a member, to draft a bill for the Legislature to facilitate the collec tion of county taxes. The bill became a law, and so thoroughly met the approval of the people that it has ever, since remained in effect, besides being adopted by many other counties of the State. At a later date the act was also adapted to the collection of city taxes. He also prepared an apportionment of assembly districts under the census of 1865, which was adopted and not changed until 1895. In October, 1869, he resigned his canal position to accept an appointment, by the secretary of the treas ury, as assistant assessor of internal revenue, to make assessments throughout the 23d congressional district, comprising the counties of Onondaga and Cortland, for all taxes imposed on the manufacture and sale of tobacco, cigars, and snuff. In Janu ary, 1870, he resigned this office to become one of the editors and owners of the Syr acuse Daily Journal under the firm name of Truair, Smith & Co., which in 1874, by a change of interests, became Truair, Smith & Bruce. January 1, 1884, Mr. Truair retired and the firm name was changed to Smith & Bruce, with equal interests. This partnership was continued until August 15, 1885, when General Bruce withdrew. While connected with the Journal he was appointed by President Grant on March 25, 1871, postmaster at Syracuse, and ably filled that position until January 1, 1875, nine months more than the term of appointment. As postmaster he inaugurated the "night service," more than doubled the number of outgoing and incoming mails, and made various other important changes which increased the efficiency of the local postal service. Though the office handled millions of dollars of money dur ing his incumbency, from the fact that it was a sub-treasury for deposit for several hundred other offices and a pay station for railway mail clerks, there was not the slightest difference between his accounts and those of the post-office authorities when he made his final settlement with the Department at Washington. In May, 1885, before he had severed his connection with the Journal, he was elected president and later general manager of the Syracuse Water Company and continued in those capacities until January, 1892, when the water works passed to the ownership of the city. He was continued as manager till August, 1894, when he resigned to give his entire attention to financial institutions with which he was iden tified, and to other business interests with which he was then and still is connected. During his residence in Syracuse he has constantly been in close touch with the ma terial interests and general prosperity of the city. He was appointed receiver for the settlement of the affairs of the old water company when its property was trans ferred. In 1888 he was appointed by Mayor Burns and after much persuasion ac cepted the office of police commissioner, and was elected president of the board ; but a few months later he resigned because of extensive business and other under takings, which fully engrossed his time. In charitable and benevolent matters General Bruce has long been a foremost citizen, being president of several organizations and officially connected with various projects. He effected the first organization in Syracuse for the protection of ani mals in 1872, with which he has been continuously identified either as president BIOGRAPHICAL. 117 or vice-president. In 1893 he was president of the New York State Association for the Protection of Fish, Game and Forests, which he had been instrumental in reorganizing and making more effective. He has also served as president of the Anglers' Association of Onondaga for several years and still holds that position. This is one of the most active and influential organizations of the kind in the State and has upwards of 300 members. His fondness and enthusiasm for nature and for a-field and Adirondack life, are not among the least of his personal characteristics. In this respect his associations cover a third of a, century. For many years he has been a liberal contributor to journals devoted to the protection of not only fish and game, but also the forests, on which subjects he is a recognized authority. He has published many able articles on the Adirondacks, eloquently portraying the beauties of nature in those fascinating regions, and arousing wide reverence for the primitive conditions found there, both in respect to health and recreation. In the field of journalism and general literature General Bruce has long been a conspicuous figure. Possessing talents of a high order, and being a critic as well as a fluent writer, he has won wide distinction and a favorable reputation. "The Easy Chair" for the Syracuse Sunday Herald has been edited by him for several years, and is an exceedingly attractive feature of that enterprising newspaper. He is also a generous contributor to the newspapers on various subjects, and magazines have often sought and published special articles prepared by him. He is an honorary member of two historical societies, a frequent contributor to historical journals, and has a not extensive but choice historical library. In 1891 he edited a "Memorial History of Syracuse," a volume of more than 800 pages, and he is also the editor of the present work, "Onondaga's Centennial," covering the entire county. He is a member of three city clubs and Syracuse Lodge No. 501, F. and A. M., is promi nently identified with social affairs, and at one time gave considerable impetus to music, being president for years of the Mendelssohn Society and prominent in other musical organizations and undertakings. On October 13, 1859, General Bruce was married to Miss Emilie, daughter of Rensselaer and Clarissa (Judd) Northrup, of Canastota, Madison county, and sister of ex-Judge A. Judd and Postmaster Milton H. Northrup, of Syracuse. They have three daughters: Anne, Llola, and Jessica. The eldest was married January 8, 1885, to Frederick D. White, of Syracuse, and has one son, Andrew Dickson White, 2d. JOHN L. HEFFRON, M. D. John Lorenzo Heffron, M. D., was born in New Woodstock, Madison county, N. Y., November 29, 1851, and moved with his parents to the village of Fabius, On ondaga county, in 1852. The family is of Scotch-Irish descent. Dr. John Heffron, his grandfather, was born in Swansea, N. H., in'1786, came to Erieville, N. Y., in 1809, and died there May 29, 1861. He was a graduate of Dartmouth College, a man of recognized ability, a prominent and skillful physician, and a surgeon in the war of 1812. His mother was Lydia Lawrence, a cousin of Capt. James Lawrence of Revolutionary fame. Dr. Lorenzo Heffron, son of Dr. John and father of Dr. 118 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. John L., was born in Erieville in 1810, was educated at Fairfield Medical College, practiced first in Titusville, Pa., and subsequently in several other places, settled in Fabius in 1852, and died there January 1, 1879. He married Mary Ann, daughter of Hon. George Pettit and Jane Upfold, his wife, of Fabius, and had four children. Mr. Pettit, a distinguished citizen of Fabius, served as a member of assembly in 1820-21, 1824, 1835, and 1837, and held various other public offices. Dr. John L. Heffron prepared for college in the High School of Kenosha, Wis., where the family resided for three years, and at Cazenovia Seminary. He was grad uated from Colgate (then Madison) University in 1873 with the degree of A.B., was elected to Phi Beta Kappa, and received the degree of A.M. from Colgate in 1876. He is also a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon. Dr. Heffron taught in Peddie Insti tute at Hightstown, N. J., until 1875, and in the department of sciences in the Newark (N. J.) High School from 1875 to the fall of 1878. He studied medicine in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York city and for two years in the Medical College of Syracuse University, from which latter institution he was grad uated as M.D. in 1881. After studying in the hospitals of Vienna, Austria, and at the University of Heidelberg in Germany for one year he returned to Syracuse and began active practice in partnership with Dr. R. W. Pease, with whom he was asso ciated until September, 1883. Upon returning to this city Dr. Heffron became a member of the faculty of the Syracuse Medical College, first as instructor in histology, then as lecturer on and later as professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics. In the fall of 1894 he re signed this position and accepted the chair of Clinical Medicine, which he still holds. For several years he was visiting physician on the staff of St. Joseph's Hospital and physician to the Woman's and Children's Hospital, and is now consulting physician to the latter institution and physician to the House of the Good Shepherd. He is a member of the Syracuse Acad'emy of Medicine and the Onondaga County Medical Society, which he has served as vice-president and president, and is now a member of the council of the first named organization. He is also a member of the New York State Medical Society, the American Academy of Medicine, the American Public Health Association, the Citizens' Club, and the Business Men's Association. In June, 1895, he was elected the alumni trustee of Syracuse University. Dr. Heffron has written several articles on medicine which have been published in the leading medical journals of the country. He represented the College of Medicine at the convention for the revision of the Pharmacopoeia of the United States in 1890, and at the Pan- American Medical Congress in Washington in 1893, and was delegate to the American Medical Association at Baltimore in 1895. On the 13th of August, 1881, Dr. Heffron was married to Miss Marie A. Marcher, eldest daughter of the late Robert Marcher, of New York city. They have three children : Marian, Emilie, and John Marcher. DANIEL P. WOOD. Hon. Daniel P. Wood, son of Daniel and Sophia (Sims) Wood, was born in the town of Pompey, Onondaga county, November 5, 1819. His father came from BIOGRAPHICAL. 119 Berkshire, Mass., at the commencement of this century and was the pioneer lawyer at Pompey Hill, where he was appointed the first postmaster by President Madison in 1811. Daniel Wood was a man of influence, served as justice of the peace, and in 1807 formed a law partnership with Victory Birdseye. The firm of Wood & Birdseye instructed many who were afterwards able lawyers of the county. Daniel P. Wood was reared on the farm which his father purchased and con ducted, after resigning the honors of his profession largely to his partner. He attended the district schools and later the old Pompey Academy, which was incor porated in 1811, and of which Daniel Wood was a trustee and a member of the pru dential committee. While here, pursuing a classical course, his father died in 1838, and the next year he entered Hamilton College, then under the presidency of Dr. Simeon North, from which he was graduated in 1843. During his collegiate studies his mother died, but al though bereft of parental advice and influence he was at this age fixed in his life purposes and principles. He read law in the office of Hon. Victory Birdseye, his father's former partner, and later with George W. Noxon, of Syracuse, with whom he formed a copartnership on his admission to the bar in 1846. Here he soon ac quired high rank in the pro fession, and when the city received its charter in 1847 he was appointed the first city attorney, a position he filled with satisfaction for two or three years. In 1852 he was elected to the Assem bly on the Whig ticket, and during the session of 1853 served as chairman on the Committee on Salt and as a member of the Committee on the Code. As a legis lative debater he made his mark in the discussion of the improvement of the canals, and during the impeachment pro; eedings against John C. Mather, the canal commissioner, he was one of the Committee of Managers on the part of the House. He was re-elected to the Legislature, and in the next session, as chairman of the Committee on Educational Institutions, was the author of the act creating the De partment of. Public Instruction. He also performed effective work as a member of the Ways and Means Committee. Daniel P. Wood. 120 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. In 1857 Mr. Wood, owing to ill-health, visited the Southern States and returned from South Carolina on horseback. He co-operated in organizing the Republican party, of which he was ever afterward an unswerving adherent, and the first acts of secession aroused his patriotism. He accompanied President-elect Lincoln to Wash ington in 1861, and when the war of the Rebellion broke out he earnestly assisted in the raising of troops, especially for the 12th N. Y. Vols. In 1865 he again served in the Assembly, and was chairman of the special committee appointed to conduct the remains of President Lincoln from New York city through the State. During this and the next session, in which he was also a representative, he was chairman of the Committee on Canals and a member of the Committee on Ways and Means. In 1867 he was elected for the fifth time to the Assembly and served as chairman 'of the last named committee. In 1871 he was elected to the State Senate from the 22d dis trict by a majority of nearly 4,000, and in that body was made chairman of the Com mittee on Finance. In this capacity he was largely identified with the overthrow of Tweed in the politics of the State. At the expiration of his first term he was unanimously renominated by acclamation by the Republican Senatorial Convention and returned to the Senate without opposition, and during the next two years he held the chairmanship of the Finance Committee, and was also the authqr of the banking act of 1875. His career as a legislator was one of the most creditable in the history of the State. He was a bulwark of integrity, of unswerving honesty, and of loyalty to the entire commonwealth as well as to his constituents. He boldly stood up against the corruption which the notorious Tweed ring had so long practiced at Albany, and the measures with which he fought dishonest politicians and schemers were worthy a master's hand. In recognition of his services he was the recipient, from the New York City Council of Political Reform, of a costly sword, with this in scription on the blade : " May this sword be drawn only to enforce righteous laws," and with this engraved on the box: " Presented to Major-General Daniel P. Wood, by the New York City Council of Political Reform, in recognition of his eminent services in 1872, 1873, and 1874, as a member of the State Senate, in favor of reform legislation, especially for the city of New York." This appropriate gift came to Mr. Wood soon after his appointment in 1874, by Gov. John A. Dix, as major-general in command of the Sixth Division of the National Guard of the State, comprising the counties of Broome, Cayuga, Chemung, Chenango, Cortland, Jefferson, Lewis, Madison, Oneida, Onondaga, Ontario, Oswego, Otsego, Schuyler, Seneca, St. Law rence, Tioga, Tompkins, Wayne, and Yates. Mr. Wood was one of the organizers of the Trust and Deposit Company of Onon daga in 1869, was one of its first vice-presidents, and was connected with that insti tution until his death. He was one of the incorporators of the Onondaga County Savings Bank in 1855, and served as its president from 1876 till his decease. He was also a director in the New York State Banking Company, one of the organizers and president of the Highland Solar Salt Manufacturing Company, one of the origina tors and prominently interested in the Genesee and Water Street and the Syracuse and Geddes Street Railroads, and the principal owner, president, and manager of the Metallic Burial Casket Company, of New York city, which presented to the gov ernment the casket for the remains of President Garfield and the cases sent out for the bodies of the De Long Arctic expedition. He was prominently identified with the growth of Syracuse during his active career, and contributed in various ways BIOGRAPHICAL, 121 to the advancement of the city and its institutions. He died at his residence in James street on May 1, 1891. August 24, 1848, Mr. Wood was married to Lora Celeste, daughter of Silas Smith, of Lanesboro, Mass. , whose wife, Eunice Bagg, descended from Joseph Loomis, of Windsor, Conn., who arrived in Boston from England in 1638. Of their children three died in infancy ; the others were Frank ; Mary Clifton, wife of Prof. George Williams, of Johns Hopkins University; and Cornelia Longstreet, who married A. Ames Howlett, of Syracuse, and died May 4, 1890. Mrs. Wood was born in Lanes boro, Mass., August 4, 1821, came to Syracuse in 1830, and died in Baltimore, Md., December 26, 1891. She was a sister of Vivus W., Silas F., Thomas A., and Asahel L. Smith. HORACE WHITE. Horace White, was born in Homer, Cortland county, N. Y., April 19, 1802, the eldest of five children, and spent his boyhood in that village, acquiring a common school education. His fath er, Asa White, was born in the town of Monson, Mass. , in 1774, settled in Homer in 1798, and there in 1800, married Clarissa, daughter of Caleb Keep. At the age of fourteen Horace White was placed in the store of Horace Hill in Auburn, and two years later became a clerk in a store in Albany in which his father was in terested. He soon return ed to Homer and entered the store of Jedediah Bar ber, with whom he remain ed ten years. During these clerkships he won a good reputation for integrity, energy, and excellent busi ness ability, and laid the foundation for a successful and satisfactory career. His health, however, was not robust, and he spent two or three years on a farm, where he regained his physical strength which subsequent ly enabled bim to carry on extensive business operations. In 1838 he removed to p Horace White. 122 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Syracuse, where he joined St. Paul's Episcopal church and remained with it until his death, serving as vestryman from 1839 to 1848 and as warden from 1848 until his death. His life here was marked with great activity and unusual success. In 1839, through the efforts of himself and John Wilkinson, the Bank of Syracuse was organized with a capital of $200,000, and for several years was the leading financial institution of the then thriving village. Mr. Wilkinson was president and Mr. White held the position of cashier, and both were also directors in the Onondaga County Bank, of which Hamilton White, together with Horace, was a director and the cashier. Later Hamilton White and still later Hon. Andrew D. White were presi dents of the Bank of Syracuse, Mr. White was actively associated with Mr. Wilkinson in developing the railroads centering in Syracuse, taking a prominent part in the organization of several com panies and a special interest in the construction of the various lines. He was one of the incorporators of the Syracuse and Binghamton Railroad in 1851, and as treasurer of the company his financial ability was conspicuously displayed in the building of that road, which was opened in 1854. He was also one of the first board of direc tors of the New York Central Railroad Company, under the lead of Erastus Corning, and to the success and prosperity of that great consolidation he contributed not a little. He was one of the founders of the Geddes Coarse Salt Company, in which he was associated with his brother Hamilton and the late Robert Gere, and was also prominently interested in several other local manufacturing industries. As a finan cier he was a man of influence, sagacity, and sound judgment; prudent, enterpris ing and public spirited ; and ever manifested a deep interest in the growth and pros perity of both village and city. Broad and benevolent in principle his gifts for the support of missions and churches, his endowment of a professorship and of prizes at Hobart College, and his gifts to various institutions connected with his denomina tion, were munificent, while his unseen and unknown charities were numberless. Owing to declining health he began to curtail his extensive business operations and withdrew from banking affairs in 1856, and in the same year aided in organizing the Onondaga County Agricultural Society, from which he was sent as a delegate to the New York State Agricultural Society' at Albany. He died September [5, 1860, greatly lamented and respected by all who knew him. His memory will live both in the hearts of those whom he assisted and in the community which he aided in build ing up and improving. His children and those of his brother Hamilton erected the imposing White Memorial building on the spot where their fathers did business so many years. Mr. White was married June 29, 1831, to Miss Clara Dickson, daughter of Andrew Dickson, of Massachusetts, and Ruth Hall, his wife, of Connecticut. Her death occurred August 23, 1882. They had two sons: Hon. Andrew Dickson White and Horace Keep White, both of Syracuse. JAY WINFIELD SHELDON, M. D. Henry Sheldon, father of the subject of this sketch, was of English descent. He was born in South Kingston, R. I., and in 1810 came to Otsego county, N. Y., then BIOGRAPHICAL. 123 called the " Far West," and located upon land still in possession of members of the family. He was a man of sterling qualities, and was possessed of great energy and perseverance. In the pursuit of his occupation, that of an architect and builder, he erected many fine structures, among which were churches, factories, and railroad bridges, several of them remaining as monuments of his skill and industry. He died at the age of forty-seven. His wife, whose maiden name was Mary Knowles, in herited and exhibited throughout her life the sterling and estimable traits of charac ter peculiar to New England. She died in her eightieth year. Of their nine chil dren, one dying in infancy, five sons and three daughters lived to adult age, and, filling responsible positions in life, became a blessing and honor to their parents. Dr. Jay Winfield Sheldon, a son of Henry and Mary (Knowles) Sheldon, was born in Otego, Otsego county, N.Y. , February 12, 1837, and received a thoroughly prac tical English and preparatory education in the schools of his native town. At the age of twenty-one he began the study of medicine in the office of an old-school physician. Later, he became a convert to homoeopathy, and in 1864 was graduated from the Cleveland (Ohio) Homoeopathic Hospital College, now known as the "Cleve land University of Medicine and Surgery." After a short experience in country prac tice he located permanently in Syracuse on January 1, 1865, entering into partnership wht the late Dr. Lyman Clary, one of the pioneers of homoeopathy in Central New York. Dr. Clary practiced medicine in the city for nearly fifty years, beginning when the place was still a small village. Through his ardent love of professional work, and an intense desire to master all its varied details, Dr. Sheldon soon acquired, and for many years has steadily maintained, a large and lucrative practice. He stands pre eminently at the head of the homoeopathic school of medicine in Onondaga county, being one of its oldest representatives and staunchest and most earnest advocates. For over thirty years he has labored assiduously and conscientiously, not for personal aggrandizement, but for the good of his profession, for its lasting honor, and for the permanancy of those principles with which he is so thoroughly imbued. Dr. Sheldon is known in the community where he has so long resided as possess ing keen perception, well-balanced judgment, and rare executive ability, and as a wise and progressive leader. In all questions involving sound judgment and prudent management his colleagues have uniformly found his counsels eminently trustworthy and practical. Hence he has been frequently selected to fill honorable and responsi ble positions. He was appointed assistant surgeon of the 75th Regiment of the National Guard of the State of New York on August 13, 1864, and served in that capacity until the regiment was abandoned. He has been a prominent member of the Onondaga County Homoeopathic Medical Society since 1864, and in 1892 was elected its president. He became an active member of the American Institute of Homoeopathy in 1870, and in 1895, at the expiration of a membership of twenty-five years, a senior member. In 1885 he was elected a member of the Homoeopathic Medical Society of the State of New York and in 1891 became its third vice-president. He was one of the original members of the Syracuse Homoeopathic Medical Asso ciation in 1889, was its first president, and was unanimously re-elected to that office in 1890 and again in 1891. He is also a charter member, a trustee, and a member of the Executive Committee of the Syracuse Homoeopathic Free Dispensary Corpora tion, and in 1890 was elected an honorary member of the Albany County Homoeo pathic Medical Society. 124 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. After nomination by the New York State Homoeopathic Medical Society he was appointed by the Regents of the University, in May, 1891, a member of the State Board of Homoeopathic Medical Examiners, to serve two years from the 1st of September following. On the organization of the examining board he was assigned to the department of therapeutics, practice, and materia medica. He has been for a number of years a member of the committee on medical legislation of the State Homoeopathic Medical Society, and in that capacity rendered very essential service in connection with the various and important matters that came before that committee for decision and action. As a member of that committee his suggestions and active co-operation during the well known seven years' struggle, on the part of the homoeopathic medical profession in New York State, to prevent the representa tives of the old school (allopathic) system of practice from securing a single State medical examining board, were always timely and effective; and his personal influ ence in behalf of the maintenance of medical civil rights constituted, during that memorable period, a potential force of recognized power in all the central portions of the State. During hours of leisure Dr. Sheldon has identified himself with some form of be nevolent or charitable work. One of these, and one in which he has taken a deep interest, is that of encouraging and financially aiding young men who were striving, under difficulties, to obtain a professional education. He has been for many years personally interested in the work of the Young Men's Christian Association, has served as its vice-president and several years as chairman of the finance committee. He is a member of the Citizens Club and of the Business Men's Association, and for many years a member of Central City Lodge, No. 305, F. & A. M. In politics. he is a. pronounced Republican, having been an active member of that party since its organization. He was for several years president of the Onondaga County Repub lican League. By means of untiring energy, unusual sagacity, and enthusiastic devotion to the practice of his profession Dr. Sheldon has, for more than thirty years, been recog nized in Syracuse, and in fact1 throughout the county, as one of the more popular, influential, and reliable of its noted physicians. His gentleness yet firmness of man ner in the sick room, his tenderness of heart and sympathy for the suffering, com bine to secure for him a high place in the affections of his patients, and have con tributed largely to his reputation as a skillful and eminently successful practitioner. He has endeared himself not only to numerous personal friends but to the public at large as well. He is, in the best sense, a self-made man. True manliness of char acter, integrity of purpose and action, cordial frankness, largeness of heart, and loyalty to principle are dominant traits of his generous nature. In the city and com munity where he has so long resided he is held in high esteem as an honorable and upright man, enjoying the confidence and respect of the public; and he is uniformly recognized as one of its most distinguished citizens, Dr. Sheldon was married, September 12, 1860, to Miss Emily J. Betts, of Memphis, Onondaga county. They have one daughter, Susie M., who was born in Memphis on January 7, 1865, and who on October 4, 1887, was married to Albert H. Gleason, a member of the firm of Hastings & Gleason, attorneys, of New York city. BIOGRAPHICAL. 125 HAMILTON WHITE. Hamilton White, son of Asa and Clarissa (Keep) White, was born in Cortland county, N. Y. , May 6, 1807, and received his education in the common schools of his native village, where his parents settled in 1798. By improving every advantage and by diligent reading he was able, at the age of sixteen, to take charge of a school at nine dollars a week and board, which at that time was the usual remuneration. But he soon decided upon mercantile pursuits, and accordingly entered the employ of the Messrs. Ran dall, merchants of Cort- landville, with whom he remained about ten years, rendering valuable service to his principals and lay ing the foundations of a successful business life. Mastering the details of the establishment and having acquired a small capital he took up his residence at the age of twenty -nine in Lock- port, Niagara county, where, during the next three years, he made wise and profitable investments. In 1839 he came to Syra cuse, where hiselder broth er, Horace, had settled the year before, and was made cashier of the Onondga County Bank, of which Capt. Oliver Teall was president. The two were associated in the same office, and as stockholders and directors in this as well as other institutions, until the expiration of the bank's charter in 1854, when he was its natural successor as a private banker. During this period they were intimately identified, by reason of their financial interests, with the commercial growth and prosperity of both village and city, and contributed materi ally to the success of numerous enterprises. Manufacturing industries, business proj - ects, and many other institutions felt their aid and influence. In 1849 Mr. White, Captain Teall, and three others incorporated the Syracuse Water Works Company, and enlarged the water system to meet the demands of the young and growing city. He was also instrumental in forming, with his brother and Hamilton White. 126 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Robert Gere, the Geddes Coarse Salt Company and other industries. He took a large share in developing the railway interests centering in Syracuse and became a. director in all the companies on the line between Albany and Chicago except the Cleveland and Toledo. Through the exertions and pecuniary aid of himself and his associates in donating the grounds for the New York State Asylum for Idiots that institution, founded at Albany in 1851, was removed to Syracuse in 1855, and he continued to take a deep interest in its success. He was for many years the treasurer of the Onondaga County Orphan Asylum and long aided in the maintenance of the Old Ladies Home, and both institutions were remembered in his will. He was one of the founders in 1856 of the Onondaga County Agricultural Society and in 1859 of the Oakwood Cemetery Association, and of the latter served as treasurer. He also contributed liberally to his own church and the churches of other denominations in this city and elsewhere, and in every movement affecting the general welfare he took a prominent part. His counsel was often sought as that of a man who deliberately formed his own opinions, though carefully weighing the opinions and interests of others. He was careful in his advice, sound in his judgment,- and unobtrusive in his demeanor, and as a citizen he commanded the highest respect. He won universal confidence both as a financier and as a man of honor, and retained through life warm friendships and valued associations. During the war of the Rebellion he was active in measures for raising troops for the Union armies, and freely gave both time and money. In 1862 he was elected president of the Syracuse National Bank to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John Wilkinson, but the next year was obliged to resign on account of impaired health. He sought recuperation in foreign travel, visiting the principal countries of Europe and the East, and in 1864 accompanied his wife and eldest son to the. West Indies, where he remained until the following June. He died in Syracuse on September 22, 1865. Mr. White was emphatically a public benefactor. H'.s long and successful business career is eminently worthy of emulation, while his private life and many deeds of philanthropy are examples of true manhood. Besides the beautiful monument which adorns his resting place in the cemetery he did so much to create, his children and those of his brother erected the handsome White Memorial building on the spot where their fathers did business for many years. But the most desirable monument is reared to the two brothers in the gratitude and esteem of those whose cares were alleviated or removed by the charity, the sympathy, and the business assistance of these Christian bankers and philanthropists. Mr. White was married in 1841 to Sarah Randolph Rich, daughter of Gaius B. Rich, of Buffalo, N. Y. , who died March 29, 1867. She was a woman of exemplary Christian principles, charitable, kind, and exceedingly hospitable, sympathetic, and benevolent, and was fdr many years prominently connected with the charitable in stitutions of the city. Their children were Jane Antoinette (Mrs. Sherman), Clara Keep (Mrs. Robert L. S. Hall), Hamilton Salisbury, Howard Ganson, Barrett Rich, and Sarah Aphia. BIOGRAPHICAL. ]27 EZEKIEL B. HOYT. Ezekiel Beers Hoyt was born at Ridgefield, Conn., March 24, 1823, the son of William and Esther Beers Hoyt, both natives of Ridgefield. In September, 1823, William Hoyt moved with his family to a farm that he had previously purchased, located on the State road in the town of Sennett, Cayuga county, N. Y. , about three miles east of the city of Auburn. Here the subject of this sketch lived until his eighteenth year, doing such farm work as his age permitted during the summer months, and attending the district school in the winter. There were thirteen chil dren in the family, nine boys and four girls. It was the policy of the parents to have each son learn a trade. One was a cabinetmaker and three others at work at the carpenter or millwright trades. ' Their mother remarked that • 'there are enough wood workers in the family and Ezekiel had better be a mason." So in 1841 he was ap prenticed to the mason trade with Douglas & Billings, of Auburn. During the next three years Mr. Hoyt assisted in the erection of many of the buildings still standing in Auburn and vicinity, including Barber's factory. During the winters, when work was slack, he attended school at the Auburn Academy for about eight weeks each season. Some time after starting out as a journeyman, and while at work on the stone woolen factory in Seneca Falls, he received an injury in the left side by the slipping of a stone from the plank on which it was being moved to its place in the wall. From this hurt he never entirely recovered, at times feeling traces of it during the remainder of his life, and in a measure unfitting him for the active labor of his trade, and causing him to seek a less laborious means of livelihood. He had care fully saved as much of his wages as possible, and in the fall of 1-847 invested his small capital in company with Clark Howland in a little restaurant (or "recess" as they were called at that time) that stood on the corner where Gernand's Hotel now stands opposite the N.Y.C.R.R. depot in Auburn. They made money, but the busi ness was distasteful to Mr. Hoyt, and on November 10, 1848, he sold out to his part ner for what he considered a good price. The California gold excitement began about this time, and our subject seriously thought of joining one of the parties that were so frequently starting for the "Land of Gold," and probably would have done so had his health been what it once was. But instead he purchased, in May, 1849, the general store of Elias Skidmore, at Mottville. Six months later he sold a one- half interest to his brother Edward, and under the firm name of E. B. & E. S. Hoyt they carried on the business for about three years, when they sold to C. T. Potter. On October 14, 1852, Mr. Hoyt was married to Miss Mary E. Delano, of Mottville, and on December 21 of the same year purchased a one-third interest in and assumed the management of the foundry and machine shop established by his father-in-law, Howard Delano, in 1832. On November 3, 1874, he purchased the remaining two- thirds of the property. At the time of his marriage Mr. Hoyt took up his residence in the home where his wife was born, and continued to reside there until his removal to Skaneateles in 1882. Aside from the foundry and machine business at Mottville, Mr. Hoyt was at times interested in other enterprises. In July, 1860, in company with Howard Delano and four others, the Syracuse Iron Works were established for the manufacture of small sizes of bar iron. Receiving advantageous offers, Mr. Hoyt and Mr. Delano sold their stock, and with others, in 128 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1865, built the Delano Iron Works, also in Syracuse. These works were intended for re-rolling railroad rails. But the use of steel rails was becoming more and more general, and thinking that the days of iron rails were numbered, and being offered a fair price for his stock, Mr. Hoyt sold his interest. In 1866 in company with Thomas Morton, of Mottville, he built the Marysville Woolen Mills, about one and one-half miles north of Mottville, on the Skaneateles outlet. On April 7, 1875, he sold his interest to his partner. In March, 1874, in company with P. C. Carrigan and R. B. Wheeler, the Skaneateles Lime Works adjoining the woolen mill property were purchased and successfully operated for a number of years, when Mr. Carrigan bought out both his partners. He was also one of the first stockholders and directors of the Skaneateles Railroad. On January 11, 1867, Mr. Hoyt's first wife died. On July 1, 1872, he married Miss Mary J. Wheeler, daughter of the late Dr. Jared W. Wheeler, of Elbridge, N. Y., who survives him. Mr. Hoyt had one child, a son, Frank D. , who was born January 24, 1854, and who has always lived in the home stead purchased by his grandfather in 1832, where he was born, and where his mother was born and died. Mr. Hoyt died at his home in Skaneateles, November 17, 1895, in the seventy-third year of his age. He was a most methodical man of business — conservative, careful, and strictly honest, and whose family life was be yond reproach. FOREST G. WEEKS. Forest G. Weeks, of Skaneateles, was born in Draycott, Somersetshire, England, August 2, 1832. His parents were Stephen and Ruth Weeks. Forest G. Weeks, the subject of this sketch, was one of a family of eight children, seven of whom came to this country. Forest G. was only seventeen years of age when he left his native country to seek his fortune in the new world. The success he has achieved is evi dence that he possessed the metal and ability to make his way against the many obstacles that beset the road, even of the native born Americans. He came to Skan eateles in 1849 and at once apprenticed himself to learn the blacksmith's trade. His time and talents were devoted to this occupation for the succeeding five years. Then not being satisfied with the education so far acquired he wisely concluded to attend school for a time. This was carried out by taking a course at the Falley Seminary in Fulton, Oswego county, N. Y. The winters in the mean time were spent in teaching school, and thus accumulating sufficient money to defray the ex penses of his course in the seminary. After having completed his course of study at the seminary, Mr. Weeks returned in 1857 to Skaneateles and entered upon a business career that has now continued with remarkable success for nearly forty years. He did not return to the occupation of blacksmith, but at once engaged in the teasel business, which was then an important industry in Onondaga county. Mr. Weeks not only raised this product but carried on a large business as a dealer in teasels. The enterprise proved eminently success ful and so Mr. Weeks remained in that line till 1867. In the mean while energy and good management had enabled him to accumulate money to extend his business in terests in other directions, That year (1867) Mr. Weeks purchased a one-half inter- FOREST G. WEEKS. BIOGRAPHICAL. 129 est in the paper manufactory which is now known as the Brick mill. This mill is situated on the Skaneateles outlet about three and one-half miles from the village The firm name then was Bannister & Weeks, and so continued four years, when Mr. Weeks by purchasing the interest of Mr. Bannister, become sole proprietor. He still conducts this mill, turning out a large product. It was destroyed by fire in 1872 but was at once rebuilt and enlarged with more modern design and equipment. Its output is now from six to seven tons of paper per day. The Draycott Mill was established a little later, the daily product of which now averages five to six tons per day. The third mill, which is now owned by Mr. Weeks, was formerly owned and run by the Skaneateles Paper Co. Mr. Weeks first purchased a minority interest in this company but at the same time bought the en tire product of the mill. This business continued several years when Mr. Weeks also purchased the total capital stock of the company, thus becoming sole owner of the property. This mill too has an output of eight tons of paper per day. In 1882 another extension of the business was made by the purchase of the Earll, Tallman & Co. distillery, which was remodeled and converted into another paper mill. It is run as a stock company and known as the Lakeside Paper Co. In this mill are manufactured mill wrappers, building paper, carpet paper, felts, etc., turning out about six tons per day. These comprise four of the largest mills on the stream. Besides these Mr. Weeks in company with Mr. Edwin R. Redhead established what is now known as the Victoria Mills Paper Co. at Fulton, Oswego county, N. Y. The company a little later bought the upper power on the Fulton side of the falls and erected thereon a large wood pulp mill, now producing thirty-five tons of pulp per day. In 1890 Mr. Weeks and Mr. Redhead separated, Mr. Redhead taking the Vic toria Mills and the former the Upper Falls Pulp Mill, which he still owns. Thus it will be seen that Mr. Weeks is one of the largest manufacturers of the paper product in the United States. 'Associated with Mr. Weeks in his many business enterprises are his three sons, Charles G., Forest G., jr., and Julius S. Besides these there is Mr. H. L. Paddock, formerly of Wolcott, Wayne county, N. Y., who married Mary L., eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Weeks, She is a graduate of Cazenovia Seminary. They also have another daughter, Sara L. , who graduated at the Syracuse University. Mr. Weeks married in September, 1859, Sarah A. Monell of Mexico, Oswego county, N. Y. Mr. Weeks is also a stockholder and director in the Thousand Island Park Asso ciation at which place he together with his family spend the summer. He is a mem ber of the Methodist Episcopal church and represented the same in the General Con ference of 1880. He is, besides this, one of the trustees of Syracuse University and Cazenovia Seminary. The deep interest he has always taken in educational institu tions, and especially those named, has been backed by his upbuilding influence and a generous 'contribution of money. Mr. Weeks has always been an active, earnest Republican in politics and had he been so inclined would have been honored by an election to almost any office within the gift of the citizens of Onondaga county. In this as in all other matters he has the confidence and esteem of all who know him. 130 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. HENRY H. LOOMIS. The progenitor of the Loomis family in America was (1) Joseph Loomis, a woolen draper by trade, who was born in Braintree, Essex county, England, about 1590, and sailed with his wife, five sons, and three daughters from London, April 11, 1.638, in the good ship Susan and Ellen, which arrived in Boston on July 17 of that year. They settled in the town of Windsor, Conn. , and purchased land there in 1640. His descendants to the subject of this sketch are (2) Joseph, a native of England; (3) James, who was born in Windsor in 1669; (4) Nathaniel, born in Windsor in 1712; (5) Jabez, born in Coventry, Conn. ; (6) Ebenezer, born in Westmoreland, N. Y., in 1765; (7) Chester, born in Westmoreland in 1785; and (8) Henry H. The preserva tion of the records of this family was due to the invaluable labors of Elias Loomis, LL. D. , professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy in Yale College, whose ex cellent book, " Genealogy of the Loomis Family," published at New Haven in 1870, contains the names and residences of 4,305 descendants of the original American ancestor. Chester Loomis (7) married Abby Adams and moved from Westmoreland to Cen tral Square, Oswego county, where he settled on a farm, and where seven children were born to them. In 1823 they removed to the town of Cicero, Onondaga county, and purchased and located upon a farm of 150 acres, on which a Mr. Lynch had built a house in 1809. There his parents spent the remainder of their lives, and added five more children to their previous family of seven, all of whom they reared to ma turity, giving them every advantage and many of the luxuries which the period afforded. That they succeeded beyond the average is manifest by the honorable careers that these children wrought for themselves, as all have filled a conspicu ous sphere in life and taken an active part in the community in which they resided. Chester Loomis^died on the homestead September 7, 1851 ; his death occurred Janu ary 28, 1860. Henry H. Loomis, the youngest of this family of twelve children, was born in Cicero on the 20th of April, 1833, and spent the early years of his life amid the blessed surroundings of a good home, where his impulsive, buoyant boyhood ex panded into youth and rounded into manhood. He attended the old-fashioned dis trict school and finished with a few terms at the Homer Academy, and possessing a nnturally bright intellect he acquired, by diligent study and close observation, a large fund of varied knowledge, to which he has never ceased to add valuable infor mation upon the current events of the day. In 1854 he married Miss Clara Merriam, of Cicero, and the same year, in company with his brother Addison J., purchased the interests of the heirs in the paternal homestead. Ten children were living, two daughters having died before their father, one of whom left a family. The two brothers ran in debt for nine-elevenths of the estate, but within five years they paid every dollar, a fact which they viewed with commendable pride. In 1859 Mr. Loomis sold his interest in the farm to his partner-brother, Addison J., and left the home stead upon which the first twenty-six years of his life had been so happily spent. He then started for Pike's Peak, traveling with a party of seven by rail to Jefferson City, Mo., from there to Kansas City by a Missouri River steamboat, and thence by ox- teams to Denver, Col., then a settlement of five sod houses. The latter portion of BIOGRAPHICAL. 131 the journey occupied seven weeks. Everywhere in that western wilderness he met swarms of adventurers eagerly seeking fortunes among the mountains of America's Eldorado. With pack horses and mules the party traveled one hundred miles farther to the mines, where they joined the ranks and dug for gold. They met with only modest success, and on the approach of cold weather in the fall Mr. Loomis returned home, bringing a little more money than he had when he started and much experi ence of practical value. During the next fifteen years he followed farming in his native town. Meanwhile he had become prominently identified with politics, and in the fall of 1875 was elected superintendent of the poor for Onondaga county on the Republican ticket, which caused his removal to Syracuse, where he has ever since resided. In 1878 he was re-elected to a second term, which expired December 31, 1881. His service in this capacity was characterized by rare faithfulness and great executive ability. In 1887, while still discharging his official duties, he interested himself in the canning industry, and forming a company, built a large canning factory at Cic ero and afterward another in Syracuse, in both of which he is still interested. In 1882 he formed a partnership with Hoyt H. Freeman, under the firm name of Free man & Loomis, and engaged extensively in the manufacture and sale of willow baskets, an industry in which theirs soon outranked any similar enterprise in the State, and which they still conduct on a constantly increasing scale. Making a sec ond trip to Colorado in 1889 Mr. Loomis became deeply interested in the rich mining lands there, and organized the Oro Mining and Milling Company at Breckenridge, of which he has since been the president. He was also for some time president of the American Bleach and Chemical Company, the Onondaga Coal and Oil Company, the Eastern Building and Loan Association of Syracuse, and the Onondaga County Loan and Trust Company, and for four years — from 1882 to 1885 inclusive — he served most efficiently as president of the Onondaga County Agricultural Society. Mr. Loomis has long taken an active interest in the progress and welfare of the city, and especially in the material advancement of the First ward, where his home and business interests are mainly centered. In benevolent and charitable affairs, and in all matters affecting the general public, his means and personal influence are potential factors. He is liberal, public spirited, and enterprising, and is eminently endowed with all those sterling qualities which make the successful man. Mrs. Loomis's wife, a lady of rare attainments, died in 1888, leaving three chil dren : Edwin L. , a prominent business man of Syracuse ; Dora, the wife of Dr. Dwight H. Murray, of this city ; and Anna Grace, at home. In July, 1892, Mr. Loomis was married, second, to Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Wheeler, widow of Dr. W. A. Wheeler and eldest daughter of the late Thomas Nicholson, of Syracuse. PETER BURNS. Hon. Peter Burns only child of David and Mary (Dempsey) Burns, natives of Dublin, Ireland, was born in that city July 30, 1814, and in the spring of 1819 — his mother having died the year previous — came with his father in a merchant vessel to America. After a stormy passage the vessel was wrecked off Sandy Hook, but 132 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. nearly all the passengers were saved. They located in Delaware county, N. Y. , on the east branch of the Delaware River, where the lad remained for several years, most of the time in a French family, his father returning to New York city to follow his previous business of brewer and distiller. Five years later David Burns settled in Ulster county, where he died in 1850, and where he was joined by his son when the latter had reached the age of twelve. Mr. Burns, during his boy hood and youth, enjoyed only the very limited advant ages for obtaining an educa tion which the new and un settled country afforded. He early learned to speak the French language fluently, and later, upon going to Ul ster countv, spent five years in a family of Hollanders, working on a farm and ac quiring such knowledge of books as fell in his way, but obtaining by experience well- formed habits of industry, economy, frugality, and per severance, as well as careful discipline in the doctrines of the Reformed Dutch church. From this period of five years in that model family he dated the real beginning of his subsequent career. When seventeen he was ap prenticed to the saddlery trade in Ulster county, and remained there and at Wood stock, N. Y. , until he attained his majority, when he went to New York to still further perfect his mechanical skill. In 1836 he came to Syracuse, where he spent the remainder of his life, and where he died June 20, 1895. After following his trade as a journeyman until 1840, and returning from a west ern tour he spent two years in Onondaga Academy and obtained a teacher's di ploma, but instead of teaching he was induced to accept a position as bookkeeper in a saddlery hardware store in Syracuse, where he remained five years. He then started a small "saddlery hardware store for himself in the old Granger block and successfully continued business until 1853, when he formed a copartnership with the late Kasson Frazer, and began the manufacture of saddlery hardware, which the firm conducted with steadily increasing success until the death of Mr. Frazer in 1876, when it had become one of the leading industries of the kind in the county. One Peter Burns. BIOGRAPHICAL. 133 year later Mr. Burns retired, leaving his son, Hon. Willis B., in full possession of his interest. Mr. Burns was originally a Whig and afterward a staunch Republican, and after filling several positions of trust in the city he was elected to the Legislature, where he served on various important committees during the sessions of 1871 and 1872. As a member of the Committee on Railroads he was instrumental in effecting legisla tion of much importance, notably the preparation and passage of the Open-Cut and Viaduct bill, which gave the New York Central Railroad Company its present en trance to the Grand Union depot in New York city from Harlem. He was super visor of the Sixth ward of Syracuse in 1859 and 1860, several years chairman of the board of inspectors of the Onondaga County Penitentiary, and one of the first police commissioners of the city, and as chairman of that board assisted in organizing the present police force. He was for more than thirty years a director in the Merchants' National Bank long a director and at one period vice-president of the Trust and Deposit Company of Onondaga, and for several years a trustee and member of the executive committee of Syracuse University. He united with the Reformed Dutch church at the age of twenty, but upon coming to this city joined the First Presbyte rian church, and for a time served as its Sunday school superintendent. He was one of nine persons to organize the James street Reformed Dutch church, contrib uted liberally to the erection of the present Plymouth church, and for more than thirty years was president of the board of trustees of the last named society. He was also president of the board of trustees of the Onondaga County Orphan Asy lum, and gave to this and various other charitable institutions of the city continued watchful care and much pecuniary aid. He largely supervised the construction of the Orphan Asylum building. He was a consistent Christian gentleman, esteemed, and honored, and exerted in the community a wide and wholesome influence. He was charitable, energetic, and progressive, and took great pride in the city's material and moral advancement. May 9, 1850, Mr. Burns was married to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Joshua and Jane (Philips) Bates, both natives of Chesterfield, Mass. They were the parents of two children: Hon. Willis B. Burns, ex-mayor of Syracuse, and Flora E. , wife of Lyman C. Smith, of this city. WILLIAM PREVOST GOODELLE. Hon. William Prevost Goodelle was born in the town of Tully, Onondaga county, N. Y., on the 25th day of May, 1838. His father was Aaron B. Goodelle, and his mother was Eleanor A. Prevost. His father was a successful farmer, and the son passed his boyhood and youth on the homestead, where arduous labor alternated with attendance at the district school. Evincing an unusual aptitude for the acquire ment of knowledge from books, he supplemented his school duties with one year in the Homer Academy, at the close of which he entered Cazenovia Seminary as one of the only two to take a five years' course, the period being from 1854 to 1860. In the spring of 1861 he entered Dartmouth College as a sophomore and graduated in the class of 1863 with highest honors. 134 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Returning from college with a mind well stored and1 ambition boundless, Mr. Goodelle was urged to accept the principalship of an academy at Moravia, N. Y., which he did and filled the position one year. He then, as he believed, began his continuous life work with the study of law in the office of L. H. & F. Hiscock, in Syracuse ; but his reputation as a teacher and as the head executive in the academy mentioned above had followed him, and after a few months of law study he was earnestly solicited to go out to Onondaga Valley and take charge of the historic academy, which was then in sore need of reorganization and improvement. Mr. Goodelle somewhat reluctantly accepted the charge and remained there two years, continuing his law study in the mean time as far as practicable. When he retired from the old academy at the close of the year 1866, he took with him the highest re spect and confidence of the authorities, and left the school on a vastly higher level of efficiency than he found it. Returning to his law studies he continued in the office where he began until Octo ber, 1868, when he was admitted to the bar and immediately began practice, remain ing with the Messrs. Hiscock one year thereafter. He then engaged in independent practice for three years, and in the fall of 1871 had attained a position at the bar and a degree of confidence among his fellow citizens which led to his nomination and election to the office of district attorney of Onondaga county. In that office of oner ous labor and high responsibility Mr. Goodelle made a record which is still well re membered. At the expiration of his term of three years, with reputation widely extended, with experience valuable and varied in character, thrice armed with con fidence devoid of conceit in his own powers, he now returned enthusiastically to the profession in which he has attained such an exalted position, particularly as acriminal lawyer. Immediately after the expiration of his term as district attorney the New York Central Railroad Company, attracted by his record made in that office, retained him as its general criminal counsel and attorney (this field of labor extend ing from Buffalo to Albany), which position he filled until his appointment on the State Board in 1894, as hereafter noted. Mr. Goodelle was, and is, peculiarly adapted by nature, and especially so by study and experience, to deal with the criminal class ; this is clearly shown by his early notable career as district attorney— a fact that may be stated here without disparagement of any other incumbent of the office. At the present time it stands to Mr. Goodell's high credit that he has placed within prison walls about half a thousand criminals of various" types. In that connec tion Mr. Goodelle has come in contact with all shades of crime and all sorts of crimi nal characters, as well as with many of the ablest lawyers in the State acting in their defense. There is scarcely a county in the State of New York, and certainly none along the line of the Centrail railroad, where he is not well known as a lawyer and where his eloquent voice has not been heard in behalf of peace and safety from crime. So effective have his efforts in this direction been that it is now a well known and acknowledged fact that crimes against the railroad company within Mr. Goodelle' s jurisdiction have almost disappeared. While in the district attorney's office it was Mr. Goodelle's good fortune, if it can be called such, to conduct the prosecution of many famous cases, among which were several of a capital character; his term was conspicuous in this respect beyond that of any other in the history of the county. The most prominent of those cases was that of Owen Lindsay, who was charged with the murder of Francis Colvin, and & M Sy h ES. Williams WBtb M BIOGRAPHICAL. 135 whose trial began in Syracuse on the 25th of January, 1874. The proceedings in this remarkable trial are published in book form and the details cannot, of course, be given here; but it may be stated that it involved the most persistent work, untiring research, patient investigation, and general legal ability of the highest order to bring it to a successful issue. The perplexing question of distinguishing human from an imal blood stains was prominent in the case and under peculiarly harassing condi tions; it was, moreover, introduced into the criminal jurisprudence of this State for the first time by Mr. Goodelle. It is an evidence of his thoroughness in his profes sional work and the importance of this element in the case, that he spent two weeks in Philadelphia with eminent experts in making himself familiar with the subject. In the defense of Lindsay the prosecuting attorney was opposed by such eminent counsel as Charles B. Sedgwick, Frank Hiscock, and others. Linds ay was hung. Mr. Goodelle, received the most enthusiastic congratulations from his brethren of the bar and from the public press for his masterly work in this case. In alluding to the close of the trial a local paper said : Mr. Goodelle's address to the jury was a most fitting close of his untiring labors as a public officer of Onondaga county. During the delivery, not only the jury, but the entire audience gave that attention which demonstrated the power of the learned counsel's eloquence and the strength of his argument. Mr. Goodelle often rose to the height of impassioned eloquence. He forgot his associates; he forgot the audience hanging upon his words; he forgot all but his case and the jury. His presentation of the people's evidence was perfect. . Taken altogether, the effort of Mr. Goodelle, in its plain statement of the work the people had to perform, in its minute tracing of the testimony, in its final welding of the circumstantial and direct evidence into an unbroken chain and fastening the same about the prisoner, formed one of the most masterly forensic efforts ever made at the bar of this county. Another paper said, in alluding to the importance of the question of detecting blood stains in the case: "This blood test was the great battlefield of the trial, and when Messrs. Goodelle and Sedgwick crossed swords on this point, there was a dis play of forensic eloquence and ability rarely seen." Another important case which may properly be alluded to was that of Mary J. Holmes, charged with poisoning her husband, in which Mr. Goodelle defended the prisoner. This trial continued six weeks and attracted wide-spread attention both from the public and from the attorneys of Onondaga and surrounding counties. Pre vious to the trial the general belief in the public mind was that the woman was guilty. This was largely changed by the proceedings of the trial. Mr. Goodelle secured the acquittal of the prisoner. A local newspaper on the last day of the trial printed the following, which indicates the public interest in the case and at the same time pays Mr. Goodelle a deserved compliment: The last tick of the parting day was almost simultaneous with the final words of an argument for the prisoner which had consumed seven mortal hours. The Counselor's face bore the plain evidences of the mental and physical strain to which he had put himself. A masterly effort had been expected from Mr. Goodelle, whose acumen and learning are a source of pride to the bar of this county. Never in the criminal history of Onondaga county was a more comprehen sive defence made of a human life. Mr. Goodelle's impassioned style of oratory put into grace ful language his logical deductions from an investigation of the case as viewed from the side of the defence. Every point was covered one by one, but at no time was there a break in the continuity of the argument. It was probably the longest argument ever offered in a. court of justice in Syracuse. The celebrated Greenfield murder case, also, was another with almost a national reputation, particularly for the persistency with which the defence clung to every 136 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. straw and adopted every device which would postpone the end or possibly acquit or modify the punishment of the prisoner. This case was before the courts six years and was tried three times. Mr. Goodelle was engaged in Greenfield's defence, with Judge S. C. Huntington, of Oswego county, and in a critical time in the case the latter broke down, leaving the whole burden of the latter and most important part of the trial upon Mr. Goodelle. His address occupied nearly four hours; it need not be added that he acquitted himself with great credit and distinction. It is unnecessary in this place to follow further the details of the numerous im portant cases success in which has given Mr. Goodelle his high standing both as a civil and criminal lawyer. He has had the conduct of some twenty capital cases and in them all has exhibited the same high qualities as a lawyer that marked his efforts in those described. In the examination of witnesses, and especially m his pleadings before court and jury, his peers in Central New York are few. His reputation has necessarily and without effort on his part, extended over a wide extent of territory. For years past he has been called in as counsel by the ablest attorneys in many of the counties of this State, in cases of great importance, both civil and criminal. So common are such occurrences that in some years more than half of Mr. Goodelle's practice is outside of his own county Mr. Goodelle is a Republican in politics though not an ardent partisan, and had he chosen to enter the political field in view of the alluring prospects often held up before him by party dictators, he might have filled several of the higher State offices ; but such a course meant for him the division of his energies, the partial abandon ment of his high professional aspirations, which he has always believed can bring to any man sufficient fame, as well as adequate material return. Ever ready with eloquent and forceful speech to aid the political party with which he affiliates, or to advance the interests of any worthy candidate, he has been called to give liberally of his powers in this direction on the public platform. Being so frequently called upon to address the public during the past twenty years, upon a variety of subjects as broad as the ordinary experience of mankind, Mr. Goodelle has perforce made himself familiar with them all. It is a conspicuous element of his popularity, a qual ification that has called out both admiration and surprise on more than one occasion, that he has been able at short notice to discuss with intelligence, power, and mas terly eloquence subjects generally little understood by the lawyer who is apparently absorbed in his profession. But Mr. Goodelle is a student as well as a lawyer; and his retentive memory, quick grasp and accurate comprehension of any subject en able him to become its successful exponent. These various qualifications have brought Mr. Goodelle high honors outside of the professional and the political fields. It is not too much to say, perhaps, that no higher State honor can fall to any man than his selection as a member of a conven tion to revise the constitution. Upon the acts of such a convention rests the effi ciency of the organic law; the records of their work become widespread and are ac cepted or rejected as parts of the constitutions of other States. Many of the best men, men with the highest character and the strongest mental powers have been called to serve in the several constitutional conventions in this State. The last New York State Convention was held in 1894 and Mr. Goodelle was elected one of the five delegates-at-large from Western New York, was appointed by President Choate chairman of the Committee on Suffrage, numbering among its members men of na- BIOGRAPHICAL. 137 tional repute, such as John Bigelow, Gideon J. Tucker, Thos. G. Alvord, De Lancey Nicoll, Edward Lauterbach and others. Mr. Goodelle's position as chairman of this committee, was, next to the speakership, perhaps, the most conspicuous in the convention, and his appointment assumed the possession of the highest quali fications for the consideration of a subject of such vast importance. He was also second on the Committee on Powers and Duties of the Legislature, and was promi nent in most of the important proposed amendments. The proceedings of that as semblage of eminent men are still fresh in the public mind. No measure of greater - importance, of more sweeping consequences, of more uncertain possibilities, was ever brought before a convention in any State, than the proposed amendment to the constitution giving woman equal suffrage with man, and none was ever more widely discussed. It attracted attention throughout the whole LTnited States and the out come of the discussion was watched with the deepest interest. It can properly be said right here that Mr. Goodelle has never shown himself in any degree whatever deficient in chivalrous sentiment towards woman ; the absolute contrary is true. But he has never believed that the right of suffrage could result in good of any kind ; and least of all to woman herself. This fact was not, however, permitted to become public until the committee had in large part concluded its deliberations. As chair man of this most important committee he assumed responsibilities that can scarcely be appreciated except by those who closely watched the proceedings and read his final address on the subject. From the time of his appointment he was besieged with letters and appeals pro and con, while his desire to do entire justice to the sub ject and to win approbation that did finally almost overwhelm him, prompted him to the most strenuous efforts to master every detail of the question. If anything earthly could have influenced him to act against his convictions in the matter it would have been the appearance and arguments before the committee of a score of the women of America who have made their names as household words in the cru sade for what has been inaptly called "woman's rights." Mr. Goodelle closed the debate on the evening of August 15 in what was perhaps the greatest and most suc cessful effort of his life, both as an exhibition of eloquent and powerful oratory and as an argumentative and logical display. Mr. Francis, editor of the Troy Times, and himself an able advocate and a member of the convention, pronounces the address "the most classical and finished that had been made before that body." The Times of August 17 printed the following: The argument of Mr. Goodelle is exhaustive. It covers the whole ground of objection. And it is so grounded in common sense and so grandly sustains the most chivalrous sentiment and conception of woman's true relation to society and the State, that it may be pronounced un answerable. Sophistry may assail it and personal ambition decry it, but as a just and accurate presentation of woman's cause, a summary of her rights achieved through the steady advance of civilization, the high position that has been accorded her because of the recognized and steadily growing importance of her position in the State, it is complete. This is high praise indeed, and it was echoed throughout the State and country, from press and individuals that were not blindly bound to opposite views. Imme diately after the address reached him Bishop Doane sent a congratulatory telegram to Mr. Goodelle, which was followed by scores of others by mail and in person from eminent men and women. So, also, of the work done by Mr. Goodelle in the other committee to which he was assigned; it was of the highest value and the committee felt the influence of the B 138 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. master mind in all of its deliberations. Of his labors as a whole the following is quoted from a prominent journal: William P. Goodelle, delegate-at-large, took a prominent part in the convention, and he left an enviable record. Unlike most of the delegates, he did not press the amendments that he in troduced personally, but rather, he confined himself early in the session to his arduous duties as chairman of the Committee on Suffrage. Here he handled with great tact the delicate subject of woman suffrage, and for his work he had the commendation Of all the delegates, and of President Choate himself. So large a proportion of the amendments finally adopted came from his committee that Mr. Goodelle will see the fruits of his work in the organic law if the amend ments are approved by the people. Later on, after his committee labors were over, Mr. Goodelle advocated all of the leading measures that were passed. His speeches were always to the point. carried great weight and were listened to with rapt attention. His judgment and advice were constantly sought, and he early became one of the leaders in the convention. In December, 1894, there was appointed by the Court of Appeals a State Board of Law Examiners, whose office is the examination of all applicants for admission to the bar of the State, with full and absolute authority to accept or reject them. Previous to that time there had been an examining committee in each judicial district, and Mr. Goodelle had served several years on the committee in this district. These com mittees ceased to exist with the creation of the new board. Mr. Goodelle was further honored with an appointment on this board, which began its term of service in January, 1895, and is now its president. The other members are Hon. Austen G. Fox, of New York, and Hon. F. M. Danahar, of Albany. In commenting upon this appointment a prominent newspaper said : Mr. Goodelle has served for years on the committee of examination in this department, and has, therefore, besides his splendid legal equipment, a valuable experience for the work before him. To be selected as one of three from the whole bar of the State for this highly responsible and important duty is a rare tribute and compliment. Mr. Goodelle was several years ago chosen president of the Onondaga County Bar Association, an honorable position which he still holds. He has been four years president of the Beaver River Club, an organization having pleasure seeking pro clivities in the Adirondacks. He is one of the incorporators of the Commercial "Bank of Syracuse. Now, in the prime of life and the full plenitude of his versatile powers, he merits and receives the esteem and respect of all who know him, and modestly accepts from them the title of an eminent lawyer and a thorough gentleman. Mr. Goodelle was married September 8, 1869, to Miss Marion H. Averill, of Bald winsville, N. Y. , and they have one daughter, Una Mae, who was born October 28, 1877. The family occupy a prominent place in the highest social circles of Syracuse', and the doors of their beautiful and hospitable home on James street are always open to their many friends. HAMILTON BURDICK. Hamilton Burdick, the oldest practicing member of the bar of Syracuse, was born in West Winfield, Herkimer county, N. Y., February 11, 1816, and is a son of Adam Burdick, whose birth occurred at Hopkinton, R. I., December 31, 1759, and who at the age of sixteen entered the army of the Revolution, serving three years in the !~~1l //f>?. In these various capacities he won a high reputation for ability, fidelity, and integrity. May 17, 1S70. he was elected associate judge of the reorganized Cotrrt of Appeals and began his term on July 1st of that year. When Chief Judge Charles J. Folger retired to accept the secre taryship of the Treasury in November. 1-?1, he was appointed his successor by Governor Cornell, and in the fall of lt-S'2 was a can didate for this exalted office on the Republican ticket, but was defeated by the late William C. Ruger, of Syracuse. November 4. 1 S>4. he was re-elected as sociate judge for a second lerm of fourteen years, having been nominated with the late Judge Charles A. Rapallo by both political parties- Iti the fall of IS^i he was elected to his pres ent position as chief judge of the Court of Appeals in place ot Judge Ruger, de ceased. Meanwhile Ham ilton and Columbia Col leges had conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL. D. As a jurist Judge Andrews has o dictated with great dignity, ability . and jtsti.e. and has won the conddenee and esteem of cot only his associates on the bench but the respect of both the members of the bar and the publia His opinions are models of judicial logic and reasoning, and command wide attention. Endowed with qualifications of a rare order, and possessiiig a profound knowledge of the laiv. he ranks high in the -urispruderce of the State, and occupies a foremost position in the bar. Indge Andrews was married in 1S5-5 to a daughter of the .ate Judge VTilliam H. Shankland. of Cortland. N. Y., and has two sons: Charles W. and William S. both tromment lawvers of Svracuse. Chaf.les Amsiv.;. 180 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. WILLIAM J. WALLACE. Hon. William James Wallace, judge of the United States Circuit Court for the second judicial district since April, 1882, is a son of E. Fuller and Lydia (Wheelwright) Wallace, early settlers of Syracuse, and was born in this city April 14, 1838. He was prepared for college with the view of entering Dartmouth, from which his father was graduated, but having decided upon the law as his profession he pursued a course of preparatory studies under Hon. Thomas Barlow, of Canastota, which oc cupied a period of three years, when he began the study of law. After reading law one year he entered the law department of Ham ilton College, of which Prof. Theodore W. Dwight was then the pre ceptor, and was gradu ated and took his degree from that institution in 1858. He was then ex amined and recommend ed for admission to the bar by a committee con sisting of Hon. Roscoe Conkling, Hon. Ward Hunt, and Hon. J. Wy- man Jones^ and on this occasion made the ac quaintance of Senator Conkling, which ripened into an intimate friend ship that lasted until the death of that eminent statesman. On the day he became twenty-one years of age, Judge Wallace com menced the practice of his profession in Syra cuse in co-partnership with Hon. William Por ter. Later he was asso ciated withLevi W. Hall, Hon. William C. Ruger, and Edwin S. Jenney. In 1873 he was elected mayor of the city on the Republican ticket, running against the late Hon. Elizur Clark, the Democratic nominee. In March, 1874, President Grant appointed him a judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York to succeed Hon. Nathaniel K. Hall, ol Buffalo, but a native of Skaneateles, who received the appoint ment to the place while Postmaster-General in the cabinet of President Fillmore. In April, 1882, Judge Wallace was appointed by President Chester A. Arthur judge William J. Wallace. BIOGRAPHICAL. 181 of the United States Circuit Court for the second judicial district, comprising the States of New York, Vermont, and Connecticut, which exalted office he still holds. He succeeded Hon. Samuel Blatchford, who was elevated to the bench of associate justice of the U. S. Supreme Court. Judge Wallace has exercised the duties of his judicial positions with great dignity, honor, and credit, and has won not only the respect, confidence, and esteem of his associates on the bench, but of both the bar and the public. He is one of the most illustrious sons of Onondaga, which will ever honor him as one of her conspicuous and distinguished citizens. In 1876 Hamilton College conferred upon him the de gree of LL.D. and in 1883 Syracuse University presented him with a similar honor. Judge Wallace married for his first wife Miss Josephine Robbins, of Brooklyn, N. Y. She died in 1874, and in 1878 he married, second, Alice Heyward Wheelwright, of New York city. Judge Wallace and his family have resided in Albany since 1882. JAMES NOXON. Hon. James Noxon, justice of the Supreme Court from 1875 to 1881, was a son of B. Davis Noxon, a prominent member of the bar of Central New York, and was born at Onondaga Hill in 1817. He was educated at Pomeroy Academy, spent two years in Hamilton College, and was graduated from Union College in 1838. He read law in Sy racuse in his father's office, and after his admission to the bar entered the firm of Noxon, Comstock & Leavenworth. Later he became connected with the firm of Noxon & Put nam, and in 1843 formed a copartnership with his brother, B. Davis Noxon, jr. Subse quently he was associated in practice with Sidney T. Fair- child, of Cazenovia, and with George D. Cowles. He became prominent as an able, con scientious lawyer, a safe coun selor, and a thoroughly honor able gentleman. He was elected State Senator from Onondaga county in 1856, and re-elected to that office in 1858. In September, 1875, Judge Noxon was nominated for office of justice of the Su- James Noxon. 182 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. preme Court from the fifth judicial district of the State, and at the following election in November was elected by a handsome majority to succeed Judge Le Roy Morgan. He was chosen for a full term of fourteen years, but died January 6, 1881, when only a third of it had expired. Judge Noxon was a faithful, hardworking, and conscientious jurist, and was highly esteemed for his affability of manner, his kind and generous sympathy, and his many excellent traits of character. He will always be remembered by those who knew him with kindness and respect. WILLIAM C. RUGER. Hon. William Crawford Ruger, chief judge of the Court of Appeals from 1883 until his death in 1892, was born in Bridgewater, Oneida county, N. Y., January 30, 1824, his father being John Ruger, a prominent lawyer of that place, whence he removed in 1847 to Syracuse, where he continued the prac tice of his profession and died in 1855. He received a classi cal education at the Bridge- water Academy and began the study of law in his father's office, where he remained until July, 1845, when he was ad mitted to the bar under the old Supreme Court at Utica. He practiced in his native vil lage until 1853, when he fol lowed his father to Syracuse and formed a partnership with him under the name of John & William C. Ruger. From the time of his father's death until his elevation to the bench he was in constant practice in this city, being at various periods a member of the firms of Ruger & Lester, Ruger & Jenney, Ruger, Wallace &Jen- ney, Ruger, Jenney, Brooks & „ „ French, and Ruger, Jenney, Brooks & Marshall. He was a life-long Democrat, and held several positions of trust and responsibility. He was a delegate to the famous Hunker Convention of 1849, the first State Judicial Convention in 1870, the National Convention of 1872 and the State Convention of 1877. In 1863 and again in 1865 he was the candidate of his party for member of Congress in a Republican stronghold and in the face of cer- William C. Ruger. BIOGRAPHICAL. 183 tain defeat. He was the first president of the Onondaga Bar Association in 1875 and held that office three years, when he was succeeded by Judge Daniel Pratt. He was also president of the first State Bar Association, held in Albany in ISTti, and was re elected to that position in 1882. In the fall of 1882 he received the nomination of his party for the exalted office of chief judge of the Court of Appeals of the State of New York, his Republican opponent and eventually his successor being Hon. Charles Andrews. Judge Ruger was triumphantly elected, and ably discharged the duties of that post until his death on January 14, 1892. He officiated with great dignity, ability, and credit, and won the confidence and respect of not only his associates on the bench, but of the pro fession and public everywhere. He was the third chief judge elected to the present Court of Appeals. On the 2d of May. I860, Judge Ruger was married to Miss Harriet, eldest daugh ter of Hon. Erastus S. Prosser. of Buffalo, N. Y. , and they had one son, Crawford Prosser Ruger, who was born November 8. 1861, and who adopted his distinguished father's profession. GEORGE XELSOX KENNEDY. Hon. George Nelson Kennedy was born in Marcellus, Onondaga countv, Sep tember 11. 1822. and descends on his mother's side from the Puritan settlers of New England. His paternal grandfather. George Kennedy, sr., emigrated from Ireland to America in 1760 and with his maternal grandfather, Ebenezer Dibble, partici pated in the Revolutionary war and in the battle of Saratoga, where his mother's grandfather was killed. His father, George Kennedy, jr., came from Saratoga countv to Marcellus about 1S16 and in 1831 removed with his family to Skaneateles, where he remained three years that his children might have the advantages of the academy there. When eighteen George N. was thrown upon his own resources, and his fortune and honorable career have been achieved through his own unaided exertions. He read law with Edmund Aikin in Marcellus, and was admitted to practice in the Court of Common Pleas of Onondaga county in 1842 and in the Supreme Court in 1844. He followed his profession in Marcellus until 1854. when he removed to Syracuse, where he has ever since resided. Here he formed a copartnership with Charles B. Sedg wick and Charles Andrews under the style of Sedgwick. Andrews 5: Kennedy, which became one of the strongest law firms in Central New York, and which conducted an extensive professional business until Mr. Andrews was elected to the Court of Appeals bench in 1870. In November, 1867, Mr. Kenned}- was elected to the State Senate from the 22d (Onondaga and Cortland) district and served in that bodv by re-election during the sessions of 1868. 1869, 1870. and 1871, or two terms. He was chairman of the committee on Salt and on Privileges and Elections and a member of the committees on Municipal Affairs, Indian Affairs, Salt, the Erection and Divis ion of Towns and Counties, and others, and served with rare credit and distinction. He inaugurated the idea of withholding all public moneys from private, parochial and sectarian schools, and introduced a resolution to that effect, the main elements 184 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. of which, after nearly twenty-five years, were embodied in the new State Constitu tion of 1894. At the expiration of his last term as senator he resumed the practice of the law as a member of the firm of Sedgwick, Kennedy & Tracy, which subse quently became Kennedy & Tracy. November 6, 1883, he was elected justice of the Supreme Court of the Fifth district of New York and served in that capacity from June, 1884, to January 1, 1893, when he retired on account of the age limit. Dur ing most of the term Judge Kennedy was upon the bench he was the only Supreme Court judge doing nisiprius work located at Syracuse, where a considerable portion of the business of the district of that character centers, and it is but just to say that the same was disposed of by him in a manner satisfactory to the public as well as with credit to himself. - Retiring from the bench he formed a copartnership with William G. Tracy, A. M. Mills, and Charles F. Ayling, as Kennedy, Tracy, Mills & Ayling, and thus contin ued his professional business until May 1, 1895, when he withdrew from the firm and retired from active practice of the profession. Judge Kennedy cast his first presidential vote for James K. Polk in 1844 ; in 1848 he was a member of the Buffalo Convention, which nominated Van Buren and Adams as the Free Soil candidates ; afterwards he acted with the Democrats until 1854, when he joined with others who opposed the extension of slavery into the territories in organizing the Republican party, with which he has ever since affili ated. In 1856 he went as a delegate to the National convention which nominated John C. Fremont for president. From 1858 to 1868 he was the Republican leader in Onondaga county and officiated as chairman of the county committee during most of that period. As a lawyer Judge Kennedy conducted many important cases in the courts of On ondaga and adjoining counties, and won an enduring reputation as an able, conscien tious, and brilliant advocate and counselor. As a jurist his opinions and decisions were characteristically just, dignified, and clear. On the bench and in the office, before a court, or in private life, he has always sustained a courteous demeanor, and enjoys the confidence and respect of not only his associates and clients, but of all classes of citizens irrespective of party affiliations. IRVING G. VANN. Hon. Irving Goodwin Vann, judge of the Court of Appeals, was born in the town of Ulysses, Tompkins county, N. Y. , on the west shore of Cayuga Lake, January 3, 1842. His great-grandfather, Samuel Vann, was a. native of New Jersey and a lieutenant in the Revolutionary war, and his grandfather, also named Samuel Vann, died in 1878, aged 106 years. His father, Samuel R., who was born in New Jersey, was a well-to-do farmer and spent most of his life in Ulysses, where he died in 1872. On his mother's side he descends from Richard Goodwin, his great-grandfather, who was born in New England, and whose son Richard, a native of Pennsylvania, settled early in the present century at Goodwin's Point, near Taughannock Falls, on Cayuga Lake. Joseph Goodwin, son of Richard, jr., served in the war of 1812, and BIOGRAPHICAL. 185 was the father of Catherine H. Goodwin, who married Samuel R. Vann, the subject of this sketch being their only child. Judge Vann spent his boyhood and youth upon his father's farm, engaged alter nately at work and study. He received careful instruction from his mother, and pre pared for college at Trumansburg and Ithaca Academies. In September, 1859, he entered the freshman class of Yale College and was graduated from that institution in 1863. During the next year he was principal of the Pleasant Valley High School near Owensboro, Ky., and although successful and urged to continue he resigned to begin the study of law, upon which he had determined as a profession. He entered the law office of Boardman & Finch, of Ithaca, and in the spring of 1865 was graduated from the Albany Law School. After spending a few months as clerk in the Treasury Department at Wash ington he resigned and in Octo ber, 1865, came to Syracuse, where he has ever since resided. Here he first became a clerk in the law office of Raynor & Butler, and in March, 1866, began to prac tice his profession. Later he be came at different periods a mem ber of the firms of Vann & Fiske, Raynor & Vann, Fuller & Vann, and Vann, McLennan & Dillaye. He acquired an extensive client age, and won the reputation of being one or the ablest lawyers in Central New York. He was one of the founders of the Onon daga Bar Association, became successively its second and first vice-president and finally its president, and was also one of the founders ef the New York State Bar Association. In politics Judge Vann has always been a liberal Republican. He has been active in several political campaigns, making speeches throughout the county, and in February, 1879, was unanimously nominated mayor by the Republicans and elected by nearly 1,000 plurality. His administration was characterized by the lowest taxes the city had known in many years and the lowest it has ever known since. He retired from office with every debt contracted during his term fully paid, and de clined a renomination. In 1881 he was unanimously nominated by his party and elected a justice of the Supreme Court for the Fifth Judicial District. He ably and creditably discharged the duties of that office from January 1, 1882, until January, 1888, when he became, by the designation of the governor, a judge of the Court of Appeals, second division, which position he filled during the existence of that Irving G. Vann. 186 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. tribunal. In November, 1895, he was re-elected to the Supreme Court bench, but subsequently resigned to accept the appointment on January 6, 1896, of judge of the Court of Appeals in place of Rufus R. Peckham, who was elevated to the United States Supreme Court. Judge Vann organized Woodlawn Cemetery and has continuously served as its president. He was one of the founders and for several years has been president of the Century Club, and has served as president of the Onondaga Red Cross Society since its inception. In 1882 Hamilton College conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL.D. He has a choice library of several thousand volumes, is fond of fishing and outdoor sports, and spends much of his leisure in the Adriondacks. In 1870 Judge Vann married Florence, only daughter of the late Henry A. Dillaye, an old resident of Syracuse. They have two children : Florence Dillaye, born July 31, 1871, and Irving Dillaye, born September 17, 1875. PETER B. McLENNAN. Hon. Peter B. McLennan, justice of the Supreme Court since 1893, was born in the town of Lyndon, Cattaraugus County, N. Y. , December 3, 1850, and is a son of Collin and Ann (Frazer) McLen nan, who came from Strathpef- fer, Rosshire, Scotland, in 1846, and settled on the homestead farm in Lyndon, where they have since resided. He is the second of six children, four of whom are sons following profes sional careers in Syracuse. He remained on the farm and at tended district school until the age of sixteen, when he entered the academic department of Alfred University in Allegany county, from which he passed to the regular college course and was graduated in 1873. This collegiate training was the result of his tireless energy of mind and body, and was obtain ed by teaching school in winter and working on the farm in summer, using the money thus earned to defray the expenses of the autumn and spring terms that he attended. He early decided upon a professional career, and accordingly in September, 1873, came to Syracuse to read law in the office of Bookstaver & Kingsley, but after two Peter B. McLennan. BIOGRAPHICAL. 187 months taught school in Geddes for a term of four months, when he resumed his law studies in the office of Fuller & Vann, with whom he remained until his admission to the bar at Rochester on October 6, 1876. He began the practice of his profession in Syracuse alone, but' three months later formed a partnership with Major E. O. Farrar, which continued one year. He was then a member of the law firm of Vann, McLennan & Dillaye until the election of its senior partner, Hon. Irving G. Vann, to the Supreme Court bench in 1881, when he organized the firm of Waters, Mc Lennan & Dillaye, which continued until 1882. Judge McLennan had now attained a wide reputation as an able lawyer, an im passioned speaker, and a skillful examiner of witnesses. In all parts of the State he had an extensive practice in the trial of important cases and earned a measure of success of which he may well be proud. In 1882 he was appointed general counsel for the New York, West Shore & Buffalo Railroad Company, with headquarters in New York city, and continued in that capacity until the West Shore lines were con solidated with the management of the New York Central. He then returned to Syr acuse and practiced alone until Judge Forbes was elevated to the bench, when he became a member of the firm of Tracy, McLennan & Ayling, which continued until January, 1893. In November, 1892, Judge McLennan was elected a justice of the Supreme Court from the Fifth Judicial District and has filled that exalted office with ability and dignity since January 1, 1893. Judge McLennan has always been a staunch Republican. In 1888 he was ap pointed by Mayor W. B. Kirk one of the special commissioners to report upon the best source of water supply for the city, and in 1889 he was continued as one of the regular board of commissioners to acquire the plant of the old water company and to construct and establish the present Skaneateles Lake system. He has also been counsel for the New York, Ontario & Western, the Syracuse, Ontario & New York, and the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburgh Railroad Companies. In December, 1881, Judge McLennan was married to Miss Belle Barron, of Addi son, Steuben County, N. Y. They have one son and three daughters. FRANK H. HISCOCK. Hon. Frank H. Hiscock, justice of the Supreme Court of the Fifth Judicial Dis trict, was born in the town of Tully, Onondaga county, April 16, 1856, and moved to Syracuse with his parents when he was two years of age. After attending the pub lic schools of this city he entered Cornell University when only fifteen years old, and was graduated therefrom with the class of 1875, taking one of the six commencement honors. In the following autumn he began the study of law with his uncle, Hon. Frank Hiscock, and was admitted to the bar as attorney in 1878 and as counselor in 1879. He commenced practice as a member of the firm of Hiscock, Gifford & Doheny, which upon the retirement of William H. Gifford became Hiscock, Doheny & Hiscock, consisting of Hon. Frank Hiscock, George Doheny, and the subject of this sketch. Judge Hiscock conducted a large part of the firm's heavy business, and as attorney for the creditors succeeded in setting aside the general assignment and 188 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. other transfers of the former banking firm of Wilkinson & Co. In many other cases he also demonstrated his ability as a lawyer, and won the confidence and respect of both clients and opponents, as well as the esteem of the public. Judge Hiscock is an unswerv ing Republican, and has for many years taken an active in terest in politics, being for a time until his appointment as judge a member of the Republican State Committee from this district. He was ap pointed by Governor Morton justice of the Supreme Court of the Fifth district of the State of New York in January, 1896, for the remainder of that year, in place of Hon. Irving G. Vann, who was elevated to the Court of Appeals. In all probability Judge Hiscock will be nominated and elected to his present judicial position under the State Constitution of 1894 for a full term of fourteen years from January 1, 1897. He was an alumni trustee of Cornell University for five years from 1889, and is a trustee of the State Bank of Syracuse and the Trust and Deposit Company of Onondaga, and a director in the Straight Line Engine and Whitman & Barnes Manufacturing Companies. Judge Hiscock was married in 1879 to Miss Barnes, only daughter of the late George Barnes, of Syracuse. Frank H. Hiscock. IN closing the Biographical Department of these volumes it seems appropriate to add brief sketches of the various journalists of Onon daga county, whose fluent pens and business talent are guiding the political, moral, and social affairs in their respective communities at the close of the first century of the county's history. This collection in no wise represents the entire field of journalism; it preserves, however, a fairly complete account of the leading editors and publishers of the several daily and weekly newspapers which popularly mirror public opinion and events, and which reflect from day to day and from week BIOGRAPHICAL. 189 to week the trend of contemporaneous thought, sentiment, manners, customs, and literature. Efforts were made to present with each sketch an engraving of the subject, but unfortunately in a few instances suit able photographs for this purpose could not be readily obtained. The whole, however, is tendered at no little expense and labor as a fitting tribute to a profession whose members are necessarily endowed with rare talent, tact, energy, perseverance, discrimination, and adaptability. LEWIS H REDFIELD. Lewis Hamilton Redfield, the pioneer printer and publisher of Onondaga Valley and one of the leading journalists of early Onondaga, was born in Farmington, Conn., November 26, 1792, and moved with his father, Peleg, to Suffield about 1794. Peleg Redfield was a soldier in Washington's army during the Revolutionary war, and in 1799 came with his family to near Clif ton Springs, Ontario county, N. Y., which then consisted of a solitary log cabin. There they suffered all the vicissitudes in cident to frontier life. Lewis H. Redfield, during his youth, shared in the labors on the farm, and attended such transient schools as were opened in the neighborhood, but he was his own chief instructor and read every book within his reach. He was apprenticed by his parents as a printer to James D. Bemis, publisher of the Ontario Reposi tory at Canandaigua, and at the end of a period of six years had thoroughly mastered the trade and acquired a large fund of general information. He then sought a place for a business opening and finally decided upon Onondaga Valley, or Hollow, as it was then called. This village and that on the Hill were then among the chief business cen ters in the county, and contained many eminent men and residents, who gave the young printer every encouragement. With their support and with the aid of his former employer, Mr. Bemis, he began the publication of the Onondaga Reg ister on September 17, 1814, the printing office being purchased of or through Mr. Bemis for $1,400. The Register was an exponent of Jeffersonian Democracy, and Lewis H. Redkield. 190 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. being successful in supplying news of the war it reached what was then a large cir culation. Mr. Redfield practiced strict economy, and by his industry, perseverance, and ability soon won a. wide prestige, and at the end of the first year the office was free from debt. After the war closed he found a still more interesting topic for dis cussion in his columns in the projected canal from the Hudson River to Lake Erie. Judge Joshua Forman, then living at the Valley and one of the most powerful advo cates of the enterprise, wrote a series of articles for the Register in its favor, and at the same time Mr. Redfield's pen was eloquent and untiring in its behalf. In view of these stirring events it is not too much to say that the Register was for sev eral years nearly or quite at the head of the country newspapers of the State in char acter and influence. But the canal favored neither the Valley nor Salina by passing through one of those points, as Judge Forman at different times advocated, and in submission to the wonderful changes produced by its construction through the then village of Syr acuse, which sprung into existence and in 1825 was incorporated, and the subsequent (1829) removal of the county seat from the Hill to that place. Mr. Redfield trans ferred his newspaper to Syracuse and consolidated it with the Syracuse Gazette (be gun by John Durnford in 1823) under the name of the Onondaga Register and Syra cuse Gazette. For its accommodation he erected a four-story building on the site of the present Onondaga County Savings Bank, where he also conducted a book store. In 1832, owing to impaired health, he disposed of his newspaper property to Sherman ^& Clark, who changed the name to the Syracuse Argus and about two years later suspended publication. Mr. Redfield continued the book business twelve years longer, when he retired with a competency. At intervals thereafter he devoted his attention to various enterprises and profitable real estate operations. Mr. Redfield in many ways exerted a wholesome influence upon the growing vil lage, and was enthusiastic in its adornment and improvement. He was elected its president in 1834, and was instrumental in the securing and establishment of Forman Park. He seldom permitted his name to be used for public office, but in 1872, at the age of eighty years, he was complimented by the Democratic vote of the State for presidential elector. He was for thirty years a director in the old Bank of Salina and later held a similar position in the Salt Springs National Bank. He never ceased to take pride in the fact that he was a practical printer, and in the printing offices of the village and city he was always welcome. As a journalist he left a lasting imprint of his remarkable individuality upon the local profession, which time will render more brilliant and enduring. An ardent lover of nature he continuously held to the faith that there were few fairer spots than the beautiful valley wherein he passed most of his life. He died at the residence of his daughter, Mrs. James L. Bagg, in Syracuse, July 14, 1882, aged nearly ninety years, and was buried in Oakwood Cemetery beneath a shaft bearing this inscription, prepared by himself: " Lewis H. Redfield, printer— a worn and battered form gone to be recast more beautiful and perfect." Mr. Redfield was married February 7, 1820, to Miss Ann Maria, daughter of Na thaniel H. Tredwell, of Plattsburg, N. Y. , and they were the parents of four daugh ters and three sons: Mrs. Cornelius T. Longstreet, Mrs. James L. Bagg, Mrs. Will iam H. H. Smith, Jane K., George Davis, Lewis H., jr., and Charles T. Mrs. Redfield was born in the village of L'Original, Upper Canada, January 17, BIOGRAPHICAL. 191 1800, and died in Syracuse on June 15, 1888. She was educated under Miss Emma Willard and took a post-graduate course at Clinton, N. Y. , and was preceptress of the Onondaga Academy for a time. She was the author of a popular work, ' ' Zoolog ical Science, or Nature in Living Forms," a book commended by Professor Agassiz as one that "would do credit to a majority of college professors." She was one of the best known women in Central New York, and for more than sixty-five years watched with interest the growth and development of Onondaga and Syracuse. VIVUS W. SMITH. Hon. Vivus W. Smith, one of the foremost of early Syracuse journalists, was born in Lanesboro, Berkshire county, Mass., January 27, 1804. His grandfather, Jared Smith, was a Revolutionary soldier ; his father, Silas, who died about 1824, came from a family whose history is prominently connected with that of New England, and whose descendants have wielded a potent influence in the civil and political life of their respective communities. Vivus W. was one of seven sons and two daughters, and spent his youth upon the parental farm, obtaining such education as the schools of the time afforded. During the last year of his minority he read law in the office of George N. Briggs, of Lanesboro, and after a short experience on a newspaper in Westfield, Mass. , he came to Onondaga Hill and purchased of Cephas S. McConnell the Onondaga Journal, which had been established in 1816 by Evander Morse as the Onondaga Gazette. Upon the removal of the county seat to Syracuse in 1829 Mr. Smith moved the paper to this then thriving village, and with John F. Wyman as a partner, consolidated it with the Syracuse Advertiser under the name of the Onon daga Standard. Mr. Smith continued as editor until 1832, when Mr. Wyman retired, aad soon afterward he withdrew. March 20, 1887, he started the Western State Journal, a Whig paper, his partner being his brother, Silas F. This paper subse quently became the Syracuse Journal, and has almost continuously remained wholly or partly in the family down to the present time. In 1841 Mr. Smith went to Columbus, Ohio, and spent three years as editor of the Ohio State Journal, a Whig publication, and returning to Syracuse was elected in the fall of 1846 clerk of Onondaga county for a term of three years. February 14,, 1855, he was appointed by Governor Clark superintendent of the Onondaga Salt Springs, an office he filled with great credit and ability until 1865, when he was suc ceeded by George Geddes. On January 24, 1873, he was appointed by Gov. John A. Dix one of the three canal appraisers of the State,' and held that position until Jan uary, 1880. This was the last public office he filled. He died in Syracuse Febru ary 7, 1881. Mr. Smith dissolved his connection with the Democratic party in 1837, and identi fied himself with the Whigs, whose political principles he advocated in the columns of his paper for several years. But he early became imbued with the principles of Republicanism and for about a quarter of a century wielded a controlling influence in local politics, stood foremost among the party leaders, and ardently advocated a platform of purity, economy, and reform, and exercised a large influence in Onon daga county appointments by the State authorities. He always manifested a deep 192 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. interest in the prosperity of the village and city, and materially aided in promoting various measures of local importance and public benefit. Mr. Smith was married, first, in February, 1832, to Miss Caroline, daughter of Hon. Jonas Earll, of Onondaga Hill. She died in April, 1835, leaving an only son, Hon. Carroll E. Smith, and in June, 1839, he married for his second wife Miss Theodora, daughter of Davenport Morey, of Syracuse. They had three children: Fillmore M. Seward V., and Florence A. CARROLL E. SMITH. Hon. Carroll E. Smith, editor of the Syracuse Journal, the only son of Vivus W. and Caroline (Earll) Smith, was born in Syracuse, where he has always resided, De cember 25. 1832. He spent his youth in the local schools and in the old Sy racuse Academy, and in 1852 was graduated from Seward Institute at Flori da, N. Y. He early learn ed the various branches of the printer's trade in the office o.f the Syracuse Jour nal, and when nineteen entered upon his life-long journalistic career in a sub ordinate capacity, becom ing local reporter for the Daily Journal before he had reached his majority. Later he was associate editor of the Daily Chron icle, and in 1860 assumed editorial charge of the Journal, of which he has ever since been the guid ing spirit. In 1862 his partners were John G. K. Truair and Marcus M. Miles, the firm name being Truair, Smith & Miles. The firm of Truair, Smith & Co., con ducted the paper from 1868 to April 21, 1876, when it became Truair, Smith & Bruce, which continued until August, 1885, when a stock company was formed with Mr. Smith, president; J. G. K. Truair, vice-president and treasurer; and Eugene M. Grover, sec- Carroll E. Smith. BIOGRAPHICAL. 193 retary and superintendent. Mr. Truair died October 23, 1889, and soon afterward the company was reorganized with Carroll E. Smith, president and treasurer, and Charles C. Smith, secretary, who have since held their respective offices. On March 14, 1891, the entire Journal establishment, inoluding a new Hoe web perfecting press and an extensive job printing and bindery plant, situated in East Washington street, was destroyed by fire, but through the energy and indomitable perseverance of Mr. Smith not a. single issue of the paper was missed. On the 23d of the following month (April) the Journal was moved into its present handsome and commodious quarters in James street, where its veteran editor is assisted by a staff of able news paper writers: Mr. Smith is the oldest journalist in point of active service in Onondaga county. For thirty-five years he has exerted a stronginfluence in local newspaperdom, promot ing the highest interests of the community by fearlessly upholding the causes of religion, morality, and temperance, and advocating the best phases of political and public policy. Careful in his editorial statements, but outspoken in all matters affecting the general welfare, he goes to the foundation of the subject under comment and clearly and concisely presents it in a way peculiarly his own. Original, simple, and thorough, his writings are models of the keenest logic and invariably impress both friend and opponent. Though tenacious of his own rights he carefully respects those of others, and in the printed page or on the platform commands the closest attention and universal respect by the vigor of his presentation and logical reason ing. He is naturally kind and sympathetic, firm in his friendships, energetic, per severing, and progressive, strightforward, and honest. He possesses a strong indi viduality and a rare insight into human motives and character, and ranks among the ablest editors in the State, enjoying as such the esteem and confidence of the fraternity as well as the public. He has made the Journal a synonym for truthful ness and morality, and has thoroughly imbued it with his own high ideal of the newspaper as a public educator — the perfect abnegation of self in its conductors, with the highest development of news enterprise and the most perfect devotion to the interests of State and people. Mr. Smith has always been an unswerving Republican, and has faithfully served his party in various important capacities. He has probably drafted more political platforms than any other man in the State, and has frequently been a delegate to county, district and State conventions. He was city clerk from 1854 to 1857, and took an active part in framing the charter of the city that has ever since been the basis of its municipal law. In 1865 he was elected county clerk for a term of three years, and in 1876 and 1877 represented his district in the State Legislature, where he served on various important committees including the Committee on the Affairs of Cities and the Committee on Apportionment. He was also chairman of the Com mittee on Public Education, and in that capacity rendered valuable services in the interest of popular education. He has been a member of the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York since 1888. For six years he was president of the Associated Press and for twenty-two years served as one of its board of man agers. October 17, 1889, he was appointed by President Harrison" postmaster at Syracuse and custodian of the government building, and held those positions for nearly four years. He has also been prominently connected with various local as sociations and enterprises, both of a business and public character. He has always T 194 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. taken a deep interest in the preservation of local history, has been for several years an active member of the Onondaga Historical Association, and in January, 1896, was elected its president. He was especially prominent in bringing about and making successful the memorable Centennial Celebration of March and June, 1894. In June, 1895, Syracuse University conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL.D. Mr. Smith was married in 1854 to Miss Harriet E. Horton, and their children are Charles C. (managing editor of the Journal), Vivus G. , Mrs. A. V. Meeker, and Mrs. J. C. Auchampaugh, all of Syracuse. MILTON H. NORTHRUP. Milton Harlow Northrup, postmaster of Syracuse and editor of the Syracuse Evening News, is a son of Rensselaer and Clarissa (Judd) Northrup and was born on a farm in Smithfield, Madison county, N. Y., April 3, 1841. He is the fifth of nine children, the eldest being Hon. A. Judd Northrup, ex-judge of Onondaga county. He was ed ucated at Peterboro Academy and Hamilton College, gradu ating with high honor from the latter institution in 1860. He went South to teach, and at the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion was principal of the preparatory department of Oglethorpe University at Mil- ledgeville, Ga. Coming to Sy racuse at the outbreak of hos tilities, he conducted a private classical school for a couple of years, meanwhile studying law, and, in 1863, at the age of twen ty-two, was admitted to the bar. In the fall of 1863 he was chosen clerk of the Onondaga Board of Supervisors. In the summer of 1864 he was appointed aid-de camp, with rank of captain to Brig.-Gen. John A. Green, jr,, in charge of the defense of the northern frontier of the State. In 1865 he went to the oil regions of Pennsylvania, where he speculated in oil and practiced law. It was while there that he first began his newspaper work, his correspondence to the New York World and other papers attracting wide attention. In 1867 he was the Albany legislative correspondent of the New York Express, and in the fall Milton H. Northrup. BIOGRAPHICAL. 195 of that year was transferred to Washington as its correspondent at the national capital. In 1868 he spent several months in Europe, and in the winter follow ing accepted the Albany agency of the New York Associated Press, succeeding Hon. Daniel Manning. At the close of the legislative session he became night agent for the State Associated Press in New York city. In the Legislature of 1870 he was the clerk of the Committee of Ways and Means, and also furnished corres pondence to various journals. He had become meanwhile part proprietor of the Syracuse Courier, and at the close of the session went to Syracuse to assume edi torial control. In 1879 he also became business manager. The winters of 1875-76 and 1876-77 he spent in Washington as clerk of the Committee on Banking and Currency by invitation of "Sunset" Cox, then its chairman. He also served as clerk of the joint committee, on the part of the House, that framed the famous bill creating the Electoral Commission in the memorable Tilden-Hayes controversy. He was the Democratic candidate for State senator against Dennis McCarthy in 1883, and in the spring of 1888 was appointed by President Cleveland postmaster of Syra cuse. From 1873 to 1876 he was an excise commissioner of Syracuse by appoint ment of Mayor Wallace. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Conven tion at Baltimore in 1872, and has frequently been delegate to State Conventions of his party, among them the State convention of 1882, which put Grover Cleveland in nomination for governor and David B. Hill for liautenant-governor, and the con vention of 1891 which nominated Roswell P. Flower for governor. He was president of the New York State Associated Press in 1892-93. In May, 1893, he was again appointed by President Cleveland postmaster at Syracuse, and still holds that posi tion. In the winter of 1894 Mr. Northrup severed his connection with the Courier, and a few months later became and is still editor-in-chief of the Syracuse Evening News. On October 25, 1871, Mr. Northrup was married to Miss Elizabeth McCammon, of Albany, and they have five children: Lillian, Alice Elizabeth, Jessie, Milton Harlow, jr., and Frederick Bruce. ARTHUR JENKINS. Arthur Jenkins, principal owner and manager of the Syracuse Evening and Sunday Herald, was born of English parentage in Buffalo, N. Y. , on the 23d of July, 1851. In 1855 he went with the family to Milwaukee, Wis., where he received a common school education, which he completed in his fifteenth year. He then be gan to work for his living in the once famous commission offices of Van Kirk & Mc- Geogh, and afterward obtained employment in various other capacities, including a brief experience in a bank and later in a drug store. But the fire of ambition, and those native characteristics which even then gave promise of a bright and suc cessful future, prompted him to settle upon something permanent, and accordingly, in 1868, he entered one of the Milwaukee printing offices to learn the printer's trade. He soon went to Chicago and subsequently worked as a journeyman in many of-the Western States, visiting the principal cities along the Mississippi and Ohio rivers. On March 28, 1871, he came to Syracuse and entered the Journal office, where he not only held a case, but did "sub-editing" for that paper. 196 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Air. Jenkins was industrious, energetic, and self-reliant, and rapidly acquired a leading place among the best compositors in this city. But his ambition and alert ness soon led him to conceive the idea of branching out in business for himself. In 1876 he saw the possibility of starting a. cheap, live, and enterprising newspaper open before him, and with true journalistic instinct convinced himself that its suc cess was merely a question of conduct and proper management. On January 15, 1877, having severed his connection with the Journal, he founded and issued the first number of the Evening Herald from the job printing office of Arthur White in West Fayette street. It was a four- page, six-column sheet, but it immediately filled a conspicu ous sphere in the field of local journalism. In starting the enterprise he had a little less than §300 borrowed capital, and during the first year the struggle to keep on foot was both hard and continuous. But the paper gradually se cured a firm hold upon the public, its prospects brighten ed, and on June 3, 1878, The Herald Company was incor porated with Mr. Jenkins as president, a position he has ever since retained. May 16, 1880, The Sunday Herald was started and is now the lead ing Sunday newspaper in Central New York. On May 1, 1883, the establishment took up its permanent quarters in the Crouse block in Warren street and on May 30, 1892, was moved one door north to its present location in the Herald building, where it occupies conspicuously fine and well equipped offices. On Sunday, June 12, of that year, The Herald appeared as the first 24-page paper ever printed in Syracuse. Mr. Jenkins was one of the organizers and for a time manager and member of the board of directors of the United Press. Later The Herald became connected with the Associated Press and Mr. Jenkins is now a member of the Eastern Advisory Board. He was also largely instrumental in organizing the Business Men's Asso ciation of Syracuse and is a member of its board of managers. He is a member of the Century and Citizens Clubs, the Syracuse Athletic Association, the Elks, the Republican Club of New York city, the Onondaga Sportsmen's Club, the Anglers' Association of Onondaga county, and the Adirondack League Club. He has always exerted a wholesome influence in advancing the standard of local newspaper work; and The Herald, moulded after his idea of what a family journal ArthurJJenkins. BIOGRAPHICAL. 197 should be, has ably mirrored public sentiment and championed the best interests of the city. Mr. Jenkins was married on the 11th of June, 1874, to Miss Emma Hogan, of Geddes. They have one daughter, Mary Emma. HOWARD G. WHITE. Hon. Howard Ganson White, proprietor and publisher of the Syracuse Standard, is a son of the late Hamilton White and was born in Syracuse on the 5th of May, 1856. He was educated in the public schools of his native city, in St. John's School at Manlius, and at Cornell Uni versity, then under the presi dency of his cousin, Hon. An drew D. White. It was soon found, however, that long- con tinued' study in college would break down his naturally deli cate health, and after a year or two at the latter institution he was obliged to relinquish the idea of a full collegiate training and turn his attention to other and more robust pursuits. He then spent two years in travel abroad in company with Prof. Horatio S. White, and at the end of that period returned to the growing city of Syracuse, which has always engrossed his thoughts, and which became the field for the exercise of his varied talents. He first directed his attention to manufacturing, taking up the old established business of Burr Burton and F. R. Porter, which consisted originally of making castings for the salt works and afterward embraced mill machinery of various kinds, steam pumps, cotton presses, and steam engines and boilers. This was conducted under the Porter Man ufacturing Company, which was organized by Mr. White and others in 1877 with his brother, Barrett R. White, president ; Robert Townsend, vice-president ; George A. Porter, treasurer; and D. H. Gowing, secretary. In 1880 Howard G. White was elected to the presidency, and it was under his efficient management that the com pany laid the foundation for the world-wide celebrity of its portable engines and boilers which it subsequently achieved. During this period he also carried on a stock farm (now the Palmer tract) of sixty-five acres, upon which he had some of Howard G. White. 198 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. the finest strains of Norman Percheron horses in this country, many of them being imported and celebrated for their size and strength for heavy work. There he also had a fine stock of Holstein cattle, in which he took great pride and pleasure. In 1885 he sold his stock to New York and Rochester parties and the farm to the Onon daga County Agricultural Society. In 1883 Mr. White's attention was called to the Syracuse Standard property as an investment which promised a specially congenial field for his talents. He had at this time begun to take an active part in city and county politics, and believed that a better newspaper than the Republican party then had would prove satisfactory and serve a good purpose. With John H. Durston and others he purchased the plant, and soon afterward acquired all other interests except that of Mr. Durston's. On April 7, 1887, he became sole owner of the establishment, and thenceforth gave it his undivided attention. Under his sagacious management the Standard was thor oughly improved, its circulation extended throughout Central, Southern, and North ern New York, and one of the finest and best equipped newspaper offices in the State fitted up in East Genesee street for its occupancy. Mr. White has for many years taken an active interest in the councils of the Re publican party, not only in Syracuse and Onondaga county, but in the State. In 1889 and again in 1890 he was elected to the Assembly from the First Onondaga dis trict, and before entering upon the duties of that position resigned as president of the Porter Manufacturing Company. During both sessions of the Legislature he was a member of the committee on cities, to which in 1890 the Syracuse water bill was re ferred ; and he was largely instrumental in securing its passage against the strenu ous opposition of the canal counties. Mr. White is a man of deliberative judgment, refined tastes, and progressive ideas, of high culture, enterprising, and public spir ited. He has always taken a keen interest in the welfare of the city, and his talents and ability eminently fit him for journalistic as well as political spheres. September 25, 1879, Mr. White was married to Miss Emma Sawyer, daughter of Hon. Philetus Sawyer, ex-United States senator, of Oshkosh, Wis., and their wed ding tour consisted of a trip around the world, including a visit to almost every country. WILLIAM A. JONES. William A. Jones, editor of the Syracuse Post, was born in Camden, Oneida county, N. Y. He is a son of the late Rev. William Jones, who was for many years a well-known member of the Central New York Conference of the Methodist Epis copal church. Mr. Jones was educated at Cazenovia Seminary and Wesleyan Uni versity, graduating from the latter institution in 1881, having his home in Syracuse at that time. After graduation Mr. Jones went West, where he taught Latin and Greek for two years, and afterwards practiced law and engaged in the newspaper business. He returned to Syracuse in April, 1893, and resumed the practice of law. At the time the Syracuse Post was established he became its managing editor, and later its editor-in-chief. He first became a resident of Onondaga county in 1861, when his father became the pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church in Baldwins ville, and he has been identified more or less with the interests of this county ever since. BIOGRAPHICAL. 199 JOHN F. NASH. John Francis Nash, president of the Syracuse Courier Company, and editor of The Courier, began his journalistic career on the Albany Argus, first as correespondent from Plattsburg, N. Y. , his home. After completing a course in the Albany Law School he was placed in charge of the legal department of the Argus, which was an important feature of that paper under its old management. He was made associate editor in 1891, and upon the retirement in 1893 of the Hon. Eugene T. Chamberlain, the editor, to accept the position of United States commis sioner of navigation, Mr. Nash was placed m charge. In 1894 he began negotia tions for the purchase of the Syracuse Courier, which was purchased early in 1894. A stock company was formed and the occupancy of the Courier plant assumed on February 5, 1894, with the following executive staff : John F. Nash, editor-in- chief; Herbert F. Prescott, managing editor; Austin N. Liecty, business manager; Frederick H. Johnson, man ager of the job department. The officers of the company are: John F. Nash, presi dent; Herbert F. Prescott, vice-president ; A. N. Liecty. secretary and treasurer. Mr. Nash, although comparatively a new factor in Onon daga journalism, has already won a prominent place among the leading journalists of the city. John F. Nash. MOSES B. ROBBINS. Moses B. Robbins, general manager of the Times Publishing Company, publishers of the Syracuse Sunday Times, was born July 10, 1841, in Union, Broome county, N. Y., where his father, Gen. Ephraim Robbins, jr., was a general merchant. Gen eral Robbins was for many years a brigadier-general in the old State miiitia, several years postmaster at Union, and died there in 1859, at the age of fifty-eight. Moses B. Robbins was educated in the common schools of his native town and at 200 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. the Susquehanna Seminary in Binghamton, graduating from the latter institution in 1859. In 1860 he was graduated from the Binghamton Commercial College. Meanwhile he had acquired a practical knowledge of the printing business, a trade he finished in the office of the Binghamton Republican under William Stewart, and after completing his education commenced active work at the case. But the war spirit, which drew forward many of his associates, proved too strong to resist, and with ardent patriotism and an overwhelming desire to share the honors of battle he enlisted in August, 1862, as first lieutenant of Co. E, 109th N. Y. Vols., which he assisted in raising in Binghamton. He accompanied the regiment to the front, par ticipated in its engagements, and in 1863 was promoted captain. He was severely wounded at Cold Harbor, June 4, 1864, and was discharged from the service for dis ability in October of the same year, after participating in the battles of the Wilder ness, Spottsylvania Court House, North Anna, Cold Harbor and others during Grant's campaign of the Potomac. Returning from the army with his health shattered and constitution impaired Mr. Robbins spent some time in recuperating, and during that period made a tour of the West. In May, 1868, he purchased the Union News in his native village and suc cessfully continued as its publisher until April, 1875, after which he was connected with the Binghamton Daily Times for a few months. In October following he pur chased the Canastota (N. Y.)Herald, which he published till April, 1889. On the 27th of July of that year he came to Syracuse, bought the Sunday Times and organized the Times Publishing Company, of which he has since been the general manager. Mr. Robbins is one of the ablest newspaper publishers in the county, and has been uniformly successful throughout a long and active career. He has placed the Times upon a sound financial basis, and has added materially to its equipment, notably a fine engraving department. Endowed with business qualifications of a high order he is systematic, thorough, and practical, and as a citizen is alive to the welfare of the community. Public spirited, enterprising, and progressive he takes a keen in terest in all movements promising general benefit, and personally aids and promotes every worthy project. He has been a Mason since 1863 and a Royal Arch Mason since 1873. He is a member of Central City Lodge, No. 305, F. & A. M., a member of the Knights of Honor, a charter member of Canastota Lodge, No. 90, A. O. U. W., and its representative in the Grand Lodge for seven successive years, a member of Root Post, No. 151, G. A. R. and of the Citizens Club, and president of the Boule vard Land and Improvement Company since its organization in 1893. Mr. Robbins was married on May 4, 1863, at Deposit, N. Y., to Miss Nettie V., daughter of Peter P. Youmans, of that place. JOHN C. STEPHENSON. John Charles Stephenson, founder and editor of the Skaneateles Free Press, is a son of John and Mary (Mason) Stephenson, and was born in Elbridge, Onondaga county, November 3, 1853. His father was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1819, and was married in Dedham, Mass., in 1851, to Mary Mason, a native of County Kerry, Ireland. Both came to America in 1849. In 1852 they located in Elbridge, whence BIOGRAPHICAL. 201 they removed in 1857 to Skaneateles, where John Stephenson died September 18, 1894, and where his wife's death occurred December 31, 1890. Of their five children one is deceased; the others are Matthew M., John C, Eliza J., and Mary A., all resi dents of Skaneateles. John C. Stephenson was educated in the district school of Mottville, and at the age of fourteen entered the office of the Skaneateles Democrat to learn the printer's trade. His progress was so I rapid that he soon assumed practical charge of the paper. Later he was night editor and foreman of the Auburn Morn ing News for one year. On March 21, 1874, he began the publication of the Skaneate les Free Press, of which he has ever since been the editor and proprietor. His first edi tion numbered400 copies; now the paid circulation amounts to nearly 1,600. For twenty- two years he has never been absent from the office a half- day on account of illness ;• has never failed to be present and superintend the issue of the | paper on every publication day ; has read the proof of every column of type set up in the establishment; has never been absent from the I printing office more than sev enty-five consecutive hours at a time; and has never missed a publication day nor issued less than a full four-page or eight-page paper. This is a record of which any publisher might well feel proud. By perseverance, careful business management, and increasing application he has placed the Free Press among the leading weeklies of the county. As a newspaper it admirably reflects local public sentiment, ably fosters the privileges and interests of the community, and carries weight of argument and an epitome of current events wherever it goes. Mr. Stephenson takes a lively and often an active interest in the affairs of the vil lage and town. He is a member of Elbridge Lodge, No. 275, I. O. O. F., of Skan eateles, and in 1889 was largely instrumental in organizing the Onondaga County Press Association, of which he was chosen president. He was married on October 16, 1882, to Miss Louisa E., daughter of James Nolan, of Skaneateles. They have two children: John C, jr., and Louisa N, John C. Stephenson. 202 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. HOWARD C. BEAUCHAMP. Howard C. Beauchamp, editor and publisher of the Fayetteville Recorder, is the only son of Rev. W. M. Beauchamp, of Baldwinsville, and was born in Ravenna, Ohio, October 7, 1865. His parents were then residents of Baldwinsville, Onondaga county, and there he was educated in the public schools and academy, graduating from the latter institution in 1884. In the fall of that year he entered Cornell Uni versity, from which he was graduated as B. L. in 1888, with special distinction in his torical work. While in college he was, a part of the time, one of the chief editors of the Cor nell Magazine, and in that capacity received a practical training which proved of value in after years. Mr. Beauchamp' s first work m the printing office was on the Baldwinsville Gazette, where he early formed an in clination for~ a journalistic career. In this he derived no little inspiration and enthu siasm from the fact that his paternal grandfather founded and for a time conducted the Skaneateles Democrat, the oldest weekly paper in Onon daga county outside of Syra cuse. After graduating from Cornell he accepted a reporto- rial position on the New York Tribune and a year later en tered upon similar duties in Rochester on the Post-Express. Two months afterward, however, he became a reporter and did general department work on the New York Press, with which he remained one year. During the ensuing year he filled various positions in Syracuse, and on June 1, 1891, purchased of A. W. Wilkin the Fayetteville Recorder, of which he has since been the editor and proprietor. He has made the Recorder a bright, reliable, and successful family newspaper, one of the oldest and best weeklies in the county. He is a member of the Fayetteville Lodge, No. 578, F. & A. M., and takes a lively interest in the welfare of the community. June 29, 1893, Mr. Beauchamp was married to Miss Lillian Frances, daughter of Frank A. Weed, then of Baldwinsville, but now of Syracuse, They have one daugh ter, Elizabeth. Howard C. Beauchamp. BIOGRAPHICAL. 203 CHARLES B. BALDWIN. The subject of this sketch was born in Syracuse, N. Y., October 26, 1858. and was the son of Charles and Laura Woodworth Blanchard. The father had died shortly before the birth of this son, and the widowed mother was left to care for three chil dren, two sons and a daughter. The youngest son, Charles, was adopted in Septem ber, 1S62. by Mr. and Mrs. Sylvester Baldwin, most worthy people of Baldwinsville, X. Y. , and taking their name has since resided in the land of his adoption. A com mon school education, with Regents' diplomas in these completed his school work, and after a season of work by the month on a farm he in 1875 went to learn the printing business with George S. Clark, then editor of the Gazette. In 1876 Mr. Clark, his employer, was compelled, much against his inclination, to reduce the ex penses of his establishment and Mr. Baldwin found himself temporarily out of em ployment. He returned to his former vocation and worked for several years for one of the prominent farmers of Lysander. J. F. Greene having succeeded to the ownership of the Gazette, he offered Mr. Baldwin a position which was accepted. Under Mr. Greene's management and encouragement he was promoted to various positions of trust until January 1, 1888. he was taken into the firm, the members then being J F. Greene, James A. Ward, and C. B. Baldwin, under the title of the Gazette Publish ing Company. This copart nership existed until 18&4, when W. F. Morris, one of the most prominent citizens of the village, purchased the in terests of Messrs. Greene and Ward, the firm name continu ing the same until May 1, 1895, when the business was incor porated under the title of W. F. Morris Publishing Com pany, with W. F. Morris, pres ident; C. B. Baldwin, vice- president; W. W. Lewis, sec retary and treasurer. The Gazette is one of the oldest and best country weeklies in Central New York The editorial and other departments are conducted with a thorough system which makes it a progressive purveyor of local happenings, and is clean and stands for everything which is pure and good. The paper was established as the Republican in 1844 and as the Gazette in 184t>. and this year (1896) will appro priately celebrate the semi-centennial of its existence. C. B. Baldwin. 204 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. JOHN L. KYNE. John L. Kyne, editor and general manager of the East Syracuse News, was born on a farm in Marcellus, Onondaga county, June 19, 1855. His father, Thomas, came to America from Ireland about 1840, settled in Marcellus, and died there February 28, 1895, aged seventy-nine years. Mr. Kyne was educated in the common schools of his native town and was graduated from the Clinion Liberal Institute at Clinton (now at Fort Plain), N. Y., in 1879. He then went to Albany and entered the employ of the Albany Telegraph, where he remained eight years, ris ing from the position of can vasser to that of general man ager. In December, 1884, he formed a partnership with Edwin F. Bussey, under the firm name of Bussey & Kyne, and started the East Syracuse News, with which he has ever since been connected. Two years later he became sole owner, and in February, 1893, he organized the East Syra cuse News Publishing Com pany, of which he has since been the secretary, treasurer, and general manager. Mr. Kyne, through his own personal exertions, has placed the News among the leading weekly newspapers of the county. Its extensive circula tion and influence are wholly the result of his individual enterprise and able business management. As an editor he is shrewd, capable, and efficient, a fluent writer, and a talented critic. Possessed of unusual energy, and endowed with striking native characteristics, he is a close observer of both events and human nature, and his political and other articles have gained for him a wide and favorable reputation. He is also prominently identi fied with the growth and prosperity of the village, to the building up of which he has given both time and money. For many years he has been quite largely inter ested in real estate, and besides has taken an active part in furthering the general welfare of the place. He was one of the chief promoters of the Syracuse and East Side Street Railway between the city and East Syracuse, was one of the incorpo rators of the company, has been continuously a member of its board of directors, and was for a time superintendent of the line. He was also an incorporator and has since been a director of the Central City Building and Loan Association of Syracuse. John L. Kyne. BIOGRAPHICAL 205 In November, 1895, he was made assistant general manager of the Auburn City Radway, which position he still holds, besides attending to the duties of his editorial work and other interests. He is a staunch Republican in politics and has very creditably filled a number of local offices. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., the K. of P., and the A. O. U. W. WILL T. HALL. Will T. Hall, editor and publisher of the Skaneateles Democrat, the oldest weekly newspaper in the county outside of Syracuse, was born in Skaneateles vil lage February 28, 1862. His grandfather, Capt. James Hall, a native of Massachu setts, came to Skaneateles at a very early day and died there in 1857, aged about sixty-five. He was for many years engaged in the manufacture of carriages and wagons in partnership with his brother, Capt. Seth Hall, their establishment being situated on the site of the Dixon House, and about where the Kelley blacksmith shop in Jordan street now stands. Capt. James ac quired his title in the old State militia. He was twice married, his second wife being Pergis Miller, who died in lS&n at the age of ninety-three. Their chil dren were William, of Skane ateles; Edwin, deceased; Ade line (Mrs. Orrin Terry) of New York city; Sarah (Mrs. George A. Hamlin), of Jersey City, N. J. ; Sanford, deceased ; Henry, deceased: and Allen of New York city. William Hall suc ceeded his father in the carriage business and continued for sev eral years under the firm name of Hall & Porter. He married Mary A. Whitfield, of Newark, N. J., and has two sons: Will T. Hall and Warren H. H., both of Skaneateles. Will T. Hall was educated in the public schools of his native village, where, at the age of fifteen, he entered the Democrat office and learned the trade of printer. After working as a journeyman on the dailies of Syracuse and Philadelphia he returned to Skaneateles in 1SSS, and on January 1, 1890, assumed charge as editor and publisher Will T. Hall. 20G ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. of the Democrat, succeeding the venerable Harrison B. Dodge, who for nearly forty years had been its efficient conductor. Mr. Hall has since carried on the establish ment, keeping the paper up to its former high standard and improving it in various departments. He is a Republican in politics, thoroughly alive to the needs of the community, and keenly interested in every project promising general benefit and advancement. He is a member of Skaneateles Lodge, No. 532, F. & A. M. Mrs. Hall was married on the 16th of October, 1895, to Miss Leila S. Odell, daughter of Levi Odell, of Moravia, N. Y. FRANK L. MAINE. Frank L. Maine, editor of the Manlius Eagle, was born in Fenner, Madison county, N. Y. , February 20, 1853. His father, Asa R. Maine, was a prominent resi^ dent and farmer of that town, was for many years supervisor, justice of the peace, etc., and at the time of his death in 1862 was collector of internal reve nue. Mr. Maine was educated in the common schools of hisnative town and at Cazenovia Semin ary, taught school for eight years, and entered the Law Department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, from which he was graduated with the degree of LL.B., in 1880, and where he was admitted to the bar of that State at the same time. Prior to this, how ever, he had been admitted to the bar of Indiana, and in April, 1880, he was admitted to the New York bar at Ithaca. He practiced his profession about three years in copartnership with N. R. Chapman, of Fay etteville, and was attorney for the Farmers' Bank of that place, until it ceased existence. In 1NN3 Mr. Maine took charge of the Fayetteville Recorder, which was then owned by a stock company, and conducted it as editor and manager for about two y"ears. When that paper passed into the hands of W. A. Wilkin he remained in the office about three years as foreman. On December 21, 1887, Mr. Maine started The Frank L. Maine. BIOGRAPHICAL. 207 Eagle in Manlius village, making " the thirteenth paper established in that place, ' and has since been its editor and publisher. Mr. Maine is a Republican in politics, and has served as a justice of the peace in Manlius since 1886 and as justice of sessions one term. He is also a surveyor and civil engineer, and has done considerable work in this line in his own and adjoining towns. He is a member of Military Lodge, No. 93, F. & A. M., Manlius, was master of Fayetteville Lodge, No. 578, F. & A. M., for five successive years, and is a member and for three terms was noble grand of Limestone Creek Lodge, No. 245, I. O. O. F. , Fayetteville. He takes a lively interest in the welfare and progress of the commu nity, and as an editor is able, progressive, and influential. February 2 1881, Mr. Maine was married to Miss Sarah E., daughter of Henry (J. King, now of Phelps, Ontario county. They have three children : Eloise G. , Paul H. , and Murray A. CLARENCE H. BIBBENS. Clarence H. Bibbens, editor and publisher of the Jordan Times, is the eldest son of the late Dr. E. Weed Bibbens, and was born on a farm in Spafford, Onondaga county, December 20, 1859. Dr. Bibbens was born in Weedsport, N. Y., September 4, 1836, and was a grandson on his father's side of one of six brothers, all of whom were Methodist min isters, and who was one of the early circuit riders of western Onondaga and adjoining terri tory. He was educated in his native village and at Fort Plain, N. Y., and early in life settled on a farm in Spafford, whence he went a few years later to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he took up the study of medicine and where he was graduated from the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical College in 1867. He practiced his profession in Weedsport about one year, was in Clark- son, Monroe county, about the same period, and practiced med icine in Brockport, N. Y. , about three years, and then returned to his native village, where he continued successfully until about 1887, when he removed to Syracuse, where he died March 10, 1896. There he also engaged in the drug business for a time- He mar- Clarence H. Bibbens. 208 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. ried Miss Cornelia E. Barnes, of Weedsport, who survives him, as do also their four children: Clarence H., of Jordan; Dr. Stewart S. , of Syracuse ; Mrs. L. C. Sherman, of Savannah, Wayne counry ; and Susie C, who resides with her mother in Syracuse. Clarence H. Bibbens was educated in the Union Free School and Academy of Weedsport, and in 1880, soon after completing his studies, came to Jordan, Onon daga county, where on February 1st of that year he purchased the Jordan Intelli gencer, which he published about two years. He then changed the name to the Jordan Times, beginning a new volume, and has continued ever since as its editor and publisher. He is a Republican in politics, and has made the Times not only a power in local affairs, but one of the brightest and ablest country weeklies in the county. He was for five successive years clerk of the village, and is a member of Jordan Lodge, No. 386, F. & A. M. He takes a lively and often a prominent inter est in the welfare and prosperity of the town and village, and is keenly alive to all that affects the community. Mr. Bibbens was married on June 12, 1884, to Miss Luella M., daughter of James R. and Mary J. Loomis, of Brewerton, but now of Fulton, N. Y. They have two children: Leola H. and Llewellyn C. CHARLES P. CORNELL. Charles P. Cornell was born in the village of Skaneateles, N. Y., April 15, 1861, son of Horace and Amy Cornell. He was educated at the academy in Skaneateles. In 1877 he entered the employ of Harrison B. Dodge, then editor and proprietor of the Skaneateles Democrat, and after serving an apprenticeship of three years, se cured a position in the job department of the Auburn Advertiser, where he re mained* but a short time, when he was promoted to assistant foreman. After leaving the employ of the Auburn Advertiser, where he stayed four and one half years, he secured a situation in the job department of the Rochester Post-Express. He was next employed as superintendent of the Auburnian, and when that paper was consolidated with the Auburn Bulletin, he secured the position of sup erintendent of the Morning Dispatch office in Auburn, where he remained for some time, when he resigned his position in order to establish the Baldwinsville Era, which he started in November, 1885, the first issue of the paper bearing the date of November 21, 1885, and has ever since been its sole proprietor and editor. There had been several attempts to start a second paper, but each proved a failure, until Mr. Cornell started the " Era," which has always been a good paying invest ment and is accorded a large trade. He was also the promoter and first president of the Onondaga Press Association. August 4, 1881, Mr. Cornell married Miss E. May Royce, of Moravia, N. Y. BIOGRAPHICAL. 209 C. A. ROE. Cary A. Roe, editor and publisher of the Marcellus Observer and Camillus Enter prise, is a son of Rev. Andrew Roe, a prominent clergyman of the M. E. church, and was born in Gouverneur, N. Y., August 5, 1861. His earlier education was ob tained in the public schools in the towns where his father held pastorates. He was graduated from Cazenovia Seminary in 1880, and the same year entered Wesleyan University at Middletown , Conn. , from which he received the degree of A. B. in 1884, and which in 1887 conferred upon him the honorary degree of A. M. There he at tained special distinction in natural science. After graduating he taught Latin for two years in Dickinson Sem inary at Williamsport, Pa., and natural science one year in the High School of Sara toga, N. Y. Mr. Roe came to Marcel lus, Onondaga County, in 1887, and in March of that year purchased of the late A. de L. Rogers the Marcel lus Observer, of which he has since been the editor and proprietor. On January 1, 1894, he started the Camillus Enterprise, printing it at the Observer office, but issuing from the village of Camillus. Mr. Roe is one of the ablest country editors in the coun ty, and has made his two papers powerful factors in the communities which they represent. The Observer especially, under his ener getic and business-like man agement, ranks high among the leading weeklies of Onondaga. He is a Republican in politics, takes an active interest in local affairs and all worthy movements, and served the village of Mar cellus in 1894, as president. In June, 1886, Mr. Roe married Mary L., daughter of Joseph Coats, of Watkins, N. Y., and they have one son, Ralph Coats Roe. C. A. Roe. AA 210 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. RICHARD R. DAVIS. Richard R. Davis was born in Prince Edward county, Ont., July 21, 1853, and came with his parents to Cape Vincent, N. Y., in 1859, becoming a citizen of the United States before he was sixteen years of age, by the naturalization of his father. He was educated in the pub lic schools of Cape Vincent, N. Y., and in the high and model schools at Picton, Ont. He learned the printing trade in the office of the Picton Ga zette, and was associated for a time during 1875 with W. H. Ashley as editors and propri etors of the Owen Sound Comet. The following year, in companj- with R. W. Well- banks he published the Picton Sun. In 1879 he founded the Saved Army Trumpet, a paper published in the interest of the Saved Army of Canada, resigning the editorial and business management of the Trumpet in 1881 to accept a position in the Government Printing Office at Ottawa, Ont. February 1, 1888, he entered into partnership with Frank R. Slayton, publisher of the Tully Times, assuming full management of the business. The firm of Slayton & Davis continued four years, and was dissolved on February 1, 1892, Mr. Slayton selling his interest in the office to the present proprietor, R. R. Davis. Richard R. Davis. WILLIAM F. BRAND. William F. Brand, editor and proprietor of the Liverpool Telegraph, was born in EUicottville, Cattaraugus county, N. Y., September 4, 1861, and is a son of Charles E. and Harriet M. (Hill) Brand. He was educated in the public schools and acad- BIOGRAPHICAL. 211 emy of his native village, graduating in 1883, and learned his trade in the Patriot office in Cuba, Allegan}' county, and in the office of the News in EUicottville. In 1886 he became editor and proprietor of the last named paper. In the spring of 1888 he removed to East Syracuse, Onondaga county, and for four years held the position of associate editor of the East Syracuse News under John L. Kyne. In May, 1892, he came to Liverpool and on the 21st of that month establish ed the Liverpool Telegraph, which he has developed into a bright and progressive week ly newspaper. It is non-par tisan in politics, and ably represents the best interests of the village and inhabitants. Mr. Brand is a member of Liverpool Lodge, No. 525, F. & A. M. , and takes a keen interest in the material ad vancement of the commu nity. William F. Brand. RT. REV. FREDERIC D. HUNTINGTON, D.D., LL.D., L.H.D. Rt. Rev. Frederic Dan Huntington, D.D., Bishop of the Diocese of Central New York since its organization in 1869, is the youngest of eleven children of Rev. Dan and Elizabeth (Phelps) Huntington, and was born in Hadley, Mass., May 28, 1819. Rev. Dan Huntington was of colonial Connecticut stock, and John Warner Barker, in his "Connecticut Historical Collections," gives the following quaint in scription copied from a monument in the ancient burial ground at Norwich : " Here lyes inter'd ye remains of Deacon Christopher Huntington of Norwich, November 1st, 1660, and ye first born of males in ye town. He served near 40 years in ye office of a deacon, and died April ye 24th, 1735, in ye 75th yr. of his age. Memento mori." A grandson of the founder of the family removed to Lebanon, where, after two generations, Rev. Dan was born, the seventh of a large family of children. He en tered Yale College at the age of sixteen, and after his graduation became a tutor there. He entered the ministry, was married on New Year's day of the present century, and in 1816 removed to Hadley, Mass., to live on his wife's estate. Here 212 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. he carried on the extensive farm with the aid of his sons, and was also for some time preceptor of Hopkins Academy, where the future bishop was prepared for college. Each of his children received a thorough education, three of the sons being sent to Harvard and the daughters to Mrs. Willard's Female Seminary in Troy. Bishop Huntington entered Amherst College in 1835 and was graduated from that institution as the valedictorian of his class. He spent his vacations in teaching, his leisure in reading and study, and imbibed those sturdy principles of New England life which distinguish so many sons of that generation. The family faith, originally that of strict Puritan type, was that of Congregationalism, under which the Rev. Dan exercised his ministry, but during the reaction from Calvinism both he and his estimable wife became impressed by those teachings which dwelt upon mercy rather than wrath. In the cause of the slave, of temperance, and of universal peace the mother found her delight. Dr. Channing, at this period, was ably representing the doctrines of Unitarianism, and under these influences it was natural that the future bishop should seek the ministry of that denomination. After leaving college he spent three years in the Cambridge Divinity School and then settled in Boston at the South Congregational church, where his inspiring influence was felt beyond that body, and where he also achieved a brilliant reputation as a public lecturer. In 1855 he was called to the Plummer professorship of Christian morals in Harvard College and as preacher to the university, and in these capacities acquired even greater fame through the fearless and candid spirit of his teachings. In 1860 a number whose spiritual life had been quickened by his religious devotion organized Emanuel church, Boston, and of this he became rector immediately after his ordination to the priesthood of the Protestant Episcopal church. Many of his sermons preached during his rectorship there are collected in two volumes entitled ' ' Christ in the Christian Year." The Diocese of Central New York was formed in 1868, and at a special convention held in St. Paul's church, Syracuse, on January 13, 1869, the spirited rector of Emanuel parish, Boston, was elected its first bishop on the third ballot. In a letter dated January 25 he signified his acceptance of the election, and on April 9 of the same year the ceremonies of his consecration to this sacred office occurred in his church in Boston in the presence of ten bishops and a large number of clergymen and laymen. The twenty-fifth anniversary of the consecration was celebrated by union service at St. Paul's cathedral on April 8, 1894, the Rev. Dr. Joseph M. Clarke officiating. For twenty-seven years Bishop Huntington has presided over the diocese with the utmost care, visiting its nearly 150 parishes and missions for confirmation, discipline, etc., and winning the love and reverence and esteem of not only the mem bers of his own denomination but the adherents of other faiths and societies. Simple, plain, and unassuming he enjoys a warm place in the affections of thousands, of people, whose spiritual devotions have been created or quickened by his prayers, his words of encouragement, and his innumerable acts of charity and benevolence. Bishop Hnntington's first literary work of importance was the publication in 1856 of " Sermons for the People," which was followed in 1860 by " Christian Believing and Living." Among his other works are " Helps to-a Holy Lent," " Forty Days with the Master," " Human Society: Its Providential Structure, Relatipns, and Offices" (Lowell Lectures), the " Bohlen Lectures," and two collections of poetry, " Lyra Domestica " and " Elim, or Hymns of Holy Refreshment." While in the ' AA/iyC OL'Vl BIOGRAPHICAL. 213 Unitarian ministry he had editorial charge of the Monthly Religious Magazine ; later he aided in establishing the Church Monthly, and in his own diocese he has had charge of the Gospel Messenger. He has also contributed many articles to various other periodicals, including the Forum, The North American, The Independent, The Churchman, etc. He has been an indefatigable worker, not only in literature, but in advancing all worthy causes and enterprises, in building up churches and parishes, and in promoting institutions for education, for charity, and for humanity. His vacations have always been spent on the ancestral farm at Hadley, Mass., upon which the old homestead was erected by his great-grandfather, four miles from Amherst College, the bishop's alma mater. Six successive generations of his ma ternal ancestors have lived and died in this dwelling. September 4, 1843, Bishop Huntington was married in Boston, Mass., to Miss Hannah Dane Sargent, daughter of Capt. Epes Sargent, of Cape Ann, and a sister of Epes Sargent, the poet. Of their seven children two died in infancy ; the others are Rev. George Putnam, rector of St. Thomas's church, Hanover, N. H.. and author of " The Treasury of the Psalter," a devotional study of the Psalms; Rev. James Otis Sargent, widely known as Father Huntington, and a member of the Order of the Holy Cross; Mrs. Ruth Huntington Sessions, of Brooklyn, author of " Roger Ferde's Faith," which was published serially in The Churchman ; and Miss Arria Sargent and Miss Mary Lincoln, of Syracuse. Miss Arria S. Huntington is the author of " Under a Colonial Roof Tree," a. charming book descriptive of the family home at Hadley and its traditions, and is also well known for her benevolent and charitable work. She wasears. In 1875 he formed a partnership with John Q. Ramsey, and engaged in the clothing business on North Salina street in Syracuse, and two years later the firm became Lieberman & Stevenson. He was subsequently the local 40 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. manager for Owen Brothers, of Utica, and one year (1887) later became a member of the firm of Owen Brothers & Co., which consisted of Mr. Stevenson, J. Irving Free man, J. Henry Olcott, Harlow A. Pierce, and Owen Brothers. This was the incep tion of the well-know Star Clothing House. Six years afterward the partnership expired by limitation, and for one year, Mr. Stevenson was again local manager for Owen Brothers. In May, 1894, he purchased their interest with W. S. Peck Co. as special partners. This is one of the most extensive clothing establishments in Cen tral New York, and their stores in the Kirk Building are among the largest and hand somest in the country. Mr. Stevenson is prominently identified with the growth and prosperity of Syracuse, and is a member of the K. P., and the Business Men's Asso ciation. Jan. 1, 1871, he married Nettie, daughter of Hon. John I. Furbeck, of Col lamer. Schillinger, William, Syracuse, is a son of Solomon (who came to Syracuse from Bavaria, Germany, in 1859, had born to him fourteen children, and died here in Nov., 1893), and was born in this city Nov. 24, 1862. Educated in the common schools, he began the support of himself in the tobacco business, and for ten years was in the employ of Nicholas Lattener. In 1885 he started the Globe Steam Laundry, of which he has since been the proprietor, building up from a small beginning an extensive and successful trade. He has been for thirteen years a member of the C. M. B. A. , and was a charter member and one of the organizers of the German Catholic Young Men's Association, which has enjoyed for fifteen years an existence marked with un interrupted success. He was also a charter member and first treasurer of Syracuse Lodge S. F. I., and is prominently connected with other organizations. June 18, 1889, he married Margaret A., daughter of Daniel Carroll, of Syracuse, and they have had three children: William Carroll (deceased), Agatha Violet, and Margaret Hazel. ScoviUe, Wilfred M., Syracuse, was born in New Hampshire, on Oct. 6, 1846. James Scoville, his grandfather, was born in Connecticut, Aug. 11, 1772, married Lydia Hall, who was also born in that State, July 29, 1778, and came to Pompey in the fall of 1795, settling about one-half mile north of Oran village, where they died — he on Aug. 5, 1847, and she on March 31, 1853. Their children were Hiram, born Jan. 3, 1795; Timothy H., born Nov. 8, 1796; James A., born Aug. 6, 1798; Amasa, born Feb, 10, 1800; Lydia, born Nov. 15, 1801; Julia, born Oct. 3, 1803; Athildred, born Jan. 20, 1806; Anna, born Jan. 27, 1808; Selinus, born Sept. 17, 1809; Mary, born Jan. 15, 1811; Stephen, born Feb. 13, 1813; Hezekiah I., born Jan. 9, 1814; Harriet N, born Jan. 14, 1817; Joseph Albert and Benjamin Alfred (twins), born March 5, 1819; and Sally, born Feb. 13, 1821. All attained maturity except Stephen and Sally, who died in infancy, and of the number Julia, Hezekiah and Harriet are living. Joseph Albert Scoville was a farmer, and became a well-known contractor on the Erie Canal enlargement, being one of the firm of Denison, Scoville & Co. March 24, 1841, he married Eliza Bowers, in the fall of 1845 they removed to New Hampshire, and returned to Pompey in 1847, and he died at Oran Sept. 24, 1881 ; his wife's death occurred Sept. 6, 1854. They had three children, of whom two died in infancy. Their only surviving son, Wilfred M., was educated at the Manlius Acad emy, and in the Rural High School at Clinton, under the Rev. D. A. Holbrook. In 1871 Mr. Scoville married Miss Elva M., daughter of Charles Severance, of Oran, FAMILY SKETCHES. 41 and they had four children: Lewis (who died in infancy), Albert W. , Charles S., and Frank. He remained on the homestead farm until the age of twenty-seven, when he moved to Manlius and engaged in the coal and lumber business as a mem ber of the firm of Hart & Scoville, where he continued nine years. The firm also acted as station agents. Mrs. Elva Scoville died March 25, 1885, and in Dec, 1885, Mr. Scoville came to Syracuse and engaged in the merchant tailoring business, which he conducted two and one-half years, and since then he has occupied various posi tions. He was a clerk in the money order department of the Syracuse post-office during M. H. Northrup's first term, and under Carroll E. Smith he was superintend ent of the same for a few months. July 15, 1893, he was appointed superintendent and still holds that position. Saunders, William F., Syracuse, is a son of Perry H. and Sarah (Emerson) Saun ders, and was born in Cuyler, Cortland Co., July 20, 1853. His grandfather, Dear born Saunders, emigrated from Connecticut and settled in the present town of Cin- cinnatus, X. Y., in 1794. and shortly afterward his wife, craving a visit to her old New England home, made the entire journey through the forests on horseback, car rying a year old baby in her arms. Perry H. was born in Cincinnatus on May 10, 1811, and died in Cortland Co. in 1890. He was one of the prominent citizens of that locality, and assisted in building several churches. William F. Saunders was educated in the schools of his native town and at De Ruyter Academy, and remained on his father's farm until the age of twenty-one, when he engaged in the nursery business as salesman for Lyon & Fisk, of Rochester, in which he continued for six years, traveling over this and the New England States. In 1879 he established himself in the livery business in Homer, N. Y., and successfully conducted that for eleven years. While there, being a staunch Republican and active in the councils of his party, he served as village trustee one year, as delegate to the Cortland Co. conventions for ten consecutive years, and as a member of the county committee for some time. He was also a trustee of the Homer Baptist church for nine years. Early in 1891 he came to Syracuse and on April 13, purchased the large livery establishment owned by the the Burns Brothers, which he has since carried on wTith great success. He was one of the foremost originators of the Syracuse Carriage M en's Protective Association, which was organized Sept. 27, 1892, and which he has continuously served as secre tary and treasurer. This society has for its purpose the regulation of fees for carry ing passengers, making the prices uniform throughout the city, and also the eleva tion of general livery business to a higher standard. It shows that about seventy-five carriages and coaches suitable for funerals, weddings, etc. , are now in active use in Syracuse, exclusive of a larger number of coupes, broughams, and similar vehicles, against about fifteen in operation some twenty years ago. June 17, 1880, Mr. Saun ders married Ellen M. , only child and daughter of William G. Skinner, of Taylor, Cortland Co., and they have three sons: Wallace W., Cass E., and Sherman V. Single, John, Syracuse, son of Simon (who came from Germany in 1838, settled in Syracuse in 1846, and still lives here), was born in this city October 14, 1860, being one of five children : Herman. John, Frank, Mrs. Lee Jacobs (deceased), and Mrs. Louisa Schwarz. His father was a cabinetmaker. He was the first apprentice on the Evening Herald and held cases on the Journal for several years. In 1887 he started business on his own account in North Salina street as a. job printer and f 42 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. wholesale and retail dealer in paper. In 1890 the John Single Paper Co., Ltd., was incorporated with a capital of 8100,000, and with Clarence G. Brown, president; Joseph Bondy, vice-president; and John Single, treasurer and manager. 'J he latter has continuously held that position, the other officers being Frank Hopkins, presi dent, and D. J. Hogan, secretary. Dec. 8, 1893, their establishment in West Water street was destroyed by fire, and the concern was then moved to its present location in West Fayette street with a wareroom in Walton street. This is one of the largest houses of the kind in the State, and enjoys a trade which extends throughout the east. They handle all grades of wrapping paper, blank books, office stationery, etc. , and do general book and job printing. They also sell the entire product of the Delphos Paper Mills of Delphos, O., of which Mr. Single became the owner in 1892. Oct. 23, 1883, Mr. Single married Emma L. , daughter of John Keehner of Syracuse. and their children are Laura E., Jessie, Edna, and Pauline. Schnauber, Frank J. , Syracuse, a native of this city, born Sept. 14, 1865, is a son of Justus Schnauber, who came to this city from Germany in 1831, and still resides here. He was graduated from the Syracuse High School in 1884 and from the Syracuse University in 1888, and immediately became topographical draftsman for the Water Commission, a position he held until the preliminary work was completed, He then accepted a post as rodman with A. R. Hill on the* Brooklyn elevated railway con struction until August, 1889, when he returned to Syracuse in the employ of the Water Board. In March, 1890, he was appointed assistant engineer under City En gineer H.W. Clarke and has remained in the city engineer's office to the prseent time, being principal office assistant since 1893. Shea, John T., Syracuse, son of Maurice, who came to Onondaga Co. when very young, was born in this city, Feb. 25, 1872, and was educated in the schools of the city, and in 1888 entered the real estate office of E. B. White. In 1890 he established his present real estate business, in which he has been very successful. Sawyer, James Emery Cochrane, Syracuse, was born in Boston, Mass., Aug. 12, 1842, his ancestry on both sides being of old New England stock. In May, 1861, he left Phillips Exeter Academy, N. H. , to volunteer in the 4th Maine Regiment. In 1863 he was received into the East Maine Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church. From that time he gradually rose to prominence as a preacher and to recognition as a clear and vigorous thinker, an able lecturer and a strong and grace ful writer. His ministerial labors record marked success in such appointments as Beacon Street church, Bath, Me. ; Broadway and Chestnut Street churches in Providence, R. I. ; the First Methodist Episcopal church, Saratoga Springs ; Ash Grove church, Albany; Plattsburg, and the State Street church, Troy. He was also four years presiding elder of the Albany District, and for over four years was pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church of Pittsfield, Mass. -Dr. Sawyer was a member of the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, held in Philadelphia in May, 1884, in which he introduced a resolution that the Committee on Episcopacy be instructed to carefully consider and report upon the desirability of having two of the bishops assigned to reside in foreign fields. The resolution was favorably reported upon by both the Committee on Missions and the Committee on Episcopacy, and led to many days of very able debate. It was finally defeated by a small margin for FAMILY SKETCHES. 43 want of a concurrent vote of the two orders , but the discussion resulted in the election of William Taylor at that session of the General Conference as missionary bishop for Africa, and four years later in the election of J. M. Thoburn as missionary bishop for India and Malaysia. Dr. Sawyer was one of the special speakers at the Centennial Conference, held in Baltimore in Dec, 188.4, his theme being "The Mission of Methodism to the Extremes of Society." At the Centennial of New England Methodism, held in Boston in Oct., 1890, he was assigned to speak on "Limitations to the Pastoral Term," and produced a profound impression by his strong advocacy of the removal of the time limit from the pastorate. The General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church, at its quadrennial session in May, 1892, elected him editor of the Northern Christian Advocate, which is published for the denomination by Hunt & Eaton, Syracuse, and is one of its most important periodicals. While a pastor in Providence, R. I., he was on the editorial staff of the Providence Journal, and for many years he was a frequent contributor to several prominent periodicals, including The Christian Advocate, Zion's Herald, and the Albany Journal. His literary and poetic taste, manifested in his writings, sermons and lectures, together with his Christian spirit, his genial manner, his wide information, and his thorough acquaintance with the spirit and economy of Methodism, naturally and easily fit him for the position of editor of an influential denomination journal. He is a member of the Sons of the American Revolution, of the American Institute of Christian Philosophy, and of various charitable organizations, and is a trustee of Wesleyan University. He is also an enthusiastic member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and is chaplain of the veteran organization of the 4th Maine Regiment and the 2d Maine Battery. As a lecturer on educational and patriotic occasions and at religious conventions, he is in great demand. The degree of D. D. was conferred on him in 1888 by Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. He was married, March 9, 1862, to Lucy A. Sargent, of Searsport, Me. They have had two daughters, one of whom died in childhood. The surviving daughter is Mrs. Flora L. Turknett, of Syracuse. Stillman, Albert A., D. D. S., Syracuse, is a son of Samuel R.. and a native of De Ruyter, N. Y., and was educated at select schools and at De Ruyter Institute. In 1880 he entered the dental office of Dr. Alexander Bain, afterwards the famous boat builder, of Clayton, N. Y. , and was graduated from the New York College of Dentistry in 1882. He began practice at Geneva in March of that year in partner ship with Dr. Charles A. Slocum, whom he succeeded in 1883. In Feb., 1884, he came to Syracuse, where he has since resided and followed his profession. While a student in the dental college in New York Dr. Stillman received honorary mention, standing second in the graduating class of about forty members. As a devotee of rifle practice he has acquired a world-wide reputation, and his interest in this sport dates from his youth, although his active rifle practice commenced about 1888. He is recognized as one of the finest marksmen in the State and as the best in Central New York. At the World's Fair shoot at Chicago in 1893 he won third in two matches of three shots each. He is a member and for several years was president of the Syracuse Rifle Club, was the organizer and the first president of the Syracuse Indoor Shooting Club, and is a member of the Knights of Pythias, of which he is past chancellor and past district deputy grand chancellor. He is also a director of the Boulevard Land and Improvement Co. of North Tonawanda, N. Y., and is connected 44 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. with the Central City Brick Co., and the Syracuse Post. In 1883 he married Miss Sarah Louise Graley, of Oneida, who died in 1889 Solomon, Samuel D., Syracuse, son of David and Molly Solomon, was born in Mohawk, N. Y., March 22, 1863, came with his parents to Syracuse in 1872, and was graduated from the Syracuse High School in 1882, after which he took a six months post-graduate course in that institution. In the fall of 1882 he entered Syracuse University and was graduated in the classical course in 1886. He studied law with Costello, Ide & Hubbard, with Henry L. Schwartz, with Baldwin & Kennedy, with Baldwin, Lewis & Kennedy, and at the Columbia Law School while Prof. Theodore W. Dwight was warden, and was admitted at Utica in April, 1888. He was manag ing clerk for Baldwin & Kennedy until the autumn of 1889, when he opened an office at No. 36 Wieting Block and in Aug., 1890, removed to his present address No. 1 Empire Block. He was a member of the Order of the Iron Hall, in which he has held several offices, being delegate to Indianapolis in Sept., 1892, and to the supreme sitting in Philadelphia in May 1893. He is a member of the Home Circle, of which order he is a delegate to the Grand Lodge of this State. He belongs to the Society of Select Guardians, in which order he was at one time a member of the Supreme Council; and of the A. O. F. of A. and of the German order of Harugari. He is prominent in the Masonic fraternity, being senior warden of Salt Springs Lodge, No. 520, F. & A. M., a member of Central City Chapter No. 70, R. A. M., also of Central City Council No. 13, R. & S. M., and is secretary of the Masonic Board of Relief of Syracuse and a member of the Masonic Hall Association of Syracuse. He is un married. Soldan, Charles G. , Syracuse, was born in Buffalo, N. Y. , in 1846, and when six years old moved with his parents to Detroit, Mich. In the spring of 1861 he came with the family to Syracuse, where his father, the Rev. Charles F. Soldan, was pastor of the German Evangelical Lutheran church on Butternut street about fifteen years ago, taught German and Latin in the High School for a time, and died in March, 1875. The death of his wife occurred herein 1869. They had eight children, of whom four are living. Charles G. Soldan received his education in what is now Prescott School, in Syracuse, and at the age of sixteen became clerk for Edward Griswold, hatter. Later he held similar positions with C. W. Cornell, bookseller A. C. Yates & Co., clothiers, two years each, and in 1868 he took a clerkship with C. & J. B. Hubbard, druggists. J. B. Hubbard died that year, and when Charles Hubbard and J. B. Moore formed a partnership in 1874, Mr. Soldan became a mem ber of the firm under the name of Charles Hubbard &• Co. This style was changed upon Mr. Moore's death in Jan., 1892, to the present style of Soldan &• Hubbard. Mr. Soldan is a Mason in the Knight Templar and Mystic Shrine degrees, and is in terested in the progress and advancement of the city of his residence. Oct. 19, 1871, he married Elizabeth Arheidt, of Syracuse, and has six children: Harriet, Flor ence, Maud L,, George Frederick, Charles Lewis, and Walter De Forest. Soper, Bradley W., Syracuse, born in Harrisburg, Lewis Co., Sept. ec. 10, 1879, he married Alice E. Merritt, by whom he has three children: James Floyd, born in 1880; E. Morritt, born in 1885; Blanche E., born in 1886. James W. Larkin is a hay shipper. His wife's name was Alice E. Merritt. Mogg, Cornelius, Cicero, was born in the town of Clay, Dec. 28, 1820, son of Jared Mogg, who was born in Greene Co., and came to Clay in 1812. At present there are about nine of the old family living. ' The father was a farmer and died at the age of 73. He married Laney Young, who was a pioneer of Clay. They had fourteen chil dren. In his early life Cornelius engaged in farming, which he followed for twenty years. The next eighteen years he was engaged in carpenter work and the saw mill business. He now devotes his time to farming and has a fine farm, of eighty-two acres. He married first, Lovina Andrews. The children were Levi N., now a FAMILY' SKETCHES. 125 bookkeeper in the Crown Mills at Marcellus; Curtis E.. a minister of Ithaca; and Elmer E.. a dealer in agricultural implements. He married second, Abie Jane Goodwin. Mr. Mogg was justice of the peace twelve years, and was again elected -ustice of the peace in 1888 and has filled many minor offices. Powell, William J., Cicero, was born in West Hebron. Washington Co., April 14, 1842. son of Mason Powell, who was also born in Washington Co. Mason followed farming. He married first Maria Dann. of Scotch descent. After her death he married Maria Babcock, by whom he had one child, William J. William J. has Uved in various parts of the country and followed various trades. For a number of years he followed coopering, then became a railroad boss in New Orleans, and for the last t.ventv-nve years he has devoted himself to farming and now owns a fine farm of thirty acres. He married first Hannah Love, by whom he had two children: Jane M. and Margaret C. He married second Lavinia, daughter of Charles Frank, of Cicero. Platto, Frederick. Cicero, was born in Albany, Sept. 15. 1845. son of Frederick. who was bom in Guilderland, Albany Co.. Dec. 25, 1795. The father was a carpen ter and builder, which business he followed up to his death, Aug. 8. 1851. Alexan der Platte, his grandfather, was an officer in the English army. He died about 1800. Frederick, the father, married first Basheba Chapman in 1817. by whom he had Sve children, two of whom are still living. Alexander F., who resides at Manlius Station. and Jacob V. V. , residing at Milwaukee. Wis. Losing his wife. Basheba, by death in 1828. he then married Caroline Thorn, by whom he had ten children. Frederick being the only one now living. Frederick ¦ subject, attended the district schools until thirteen years of age. then entered the academy. At the age of fifteen years and eleven months he enlisted as a private in the 14th U. S. Int. and served during the war of the Rebellion from Aug.. 1861. to May, 1865. Twenty months and ten davs of this time he was confined in Libby, Salisbury and other Confederate military prisons. He was engaged in the battles of Second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericks burg. Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg, besides numerous minor affairs. After re turning from the war he entered the Medical Institution in Cincinnati, from which he graduated in 1870. and practiced up to witnir the last ten years. He is now con ducting a hardware store in the village of Brewerton. He married Cynthia M. Newton, of Kirkville, by whom he has five children: Edith. Frederick, jr.. Lulu. Hattie, and Laura. Frederick, jr.. is a carpenter and builder. Mr. Platto is the or ganizer of William Pullen Post No. 595. G.A.R.. of which he is now serving his sixth term as commander. He is also a member and master of Fort Brewerton Lodge No. 256. F. & A. M. Shepard, George H.. Cicero, was born March 2. 1851. son of Harvey Shepard. who was born Oct. 26. 1825. They were both born on the farm where George H. now lives. The grandfather. Benjamin, was the first to settle this place, he having cleared the old homestead farm. Harvey married Augusta Elwood, by whom he had three children: Elton. Adella, and George H. George H. was educated in the dis trict schools. His farm consists of of ninety-seven acres. He married Hattie, daugh ter of Elias Wells, an old and respected resident of Cicero. Sweet, Benjamin F.. Cicero, one of the pioneer settlers of Cicero, was born at 126 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Bradford, Vt. , July 10, 1807. On both his father's and mother's side, he was of Eng lish extraction. His grandfather, Silas Sweet, fought under Washington in the war of the Revolution and his musket is to this day treasured as an heirloom in the old homestead at Bradford.- His mother, Rebecca Chadwick, was a daughter of Lieut. John Chadwick, who served in the same war. Before Benjamin had reached his eighth year he lost both parents and started out in the world to make his own for tune. About 1835 he settled in Cicero, where he continued to reside until his death. In early life he was a cabinetmaker, which occupation he later abandoned for survey ing. As a surveyor he attained great success and won a reputation for skill and accuracy which spread into the adjoining towns. His natural ability and tempera ment, however, finally led him to the study of the law, to the practice of which he gave the last twenty-five years of his life. During all this time he enjoyed the repu tation of being a sound adviser, a safe counselor and a successful and able advocate. Although naturally averse to political life, he was induced by his townsmen to serve for an almost unbroken period of twenty-four years in the capacity of justice of the peace. He was also chosen supervisor of his town and served in the Board of Supervisors of Onondaga Co. with ex-U. S. Senator Frank Hiscock and other scarcely less distinguished members. With these exceptions Mr. Sweet steadfastly declined repeated offers of political preferment. Mr. Sweet died at Cicero on May 26, 1892, at the ripe old age of 84 years. Scott, Thomas H., Cicero, was born Aug. 2, 1835, and was of Scottish and Dutch parentage. The family located in Waterford, N. Y'., about 1640. The grandfather, Hugh Scott, with his family settled in Albany in 1795. Stewart Scott, the father, came to Onondaga Co. in 1831 and settled in Clay. Here Thomas H. began his ed ucation and ended it at Richmondville Seminary. He is now considered one of the best read men of the county. He married Harriet M., daughter of William H. Webb, of Syracuse, by whom he had the following children : Stewart, a graduate of the Syracuse University, now a teacher of mathematics; Laura, Thomas H., jr., Edwin, and Hawley. Mr. Scott was elected county clerk in 1876 and has served as super visor of Clay for six years. He enlisted in 1862, serving until the close of the war, receiving the rank of second lieutenant. He is a member of Saunders Post, No. 457. For several years 'he has devoted much time to the subject of harbor defense and devised and perfected three different plans for steel clad forts. Whiting, Nathan, Cicero, was born in New Hampshire, Nov. 7, 1814. At the age of sixteen he came with his parents to the town of Cicero. His father, Nathan A., was born in the town of Temple, N. H., April 20, 1787. He was a farmer, as was the grandfather before. He bought a farm of 145 acres in the town of Cicero, but has continually added to it until he now owns 289 acres. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Francis Blood, by whom he had four children: Elizabeth, deceased, Oliver, Alvira, and Nathan. Nathan has spent his life at farming and now owns a farm of 308 acres, all under cultivation. He makes a specialty of hay. He married Matilda, daughter of David Ball, of Cicero. Dayid Ball was one of the original settlers of the town. He died in Michigan in 1858, at the age of 74 years. His wife, who was Lucy Belding, died in Michigan in 1862, at the age of 73. Mr. Whiting is a representative citizen of the town, where he now resides at the age of 80 years. FAMILY SKETCHES. 127 Ainslie, John F.. Clay, was born in the town of Clay, Sept. 6, 1855, and is the only child of William and Emily Ainslee. The father, William, was born in the town of Clay, Aug. 4. 1833. and died Aug. 24. 1858, and Emily (Bellows) Ainslie, his wife, was born in the town of Lysander, Aug. 3, 1837, and died Sept. 8. 1858, leaving their little son but three years old in the care of his grandparents, John and Marga- rette Ainslee, and being their only grandchild he was tenderly cared for and reared to manhood on the same farm where he was born and his parents died. The grand parents bought and settled on the same farm in the year 1830. arriving from James ville in the town of Dewitt, where John Ainslie, sr., had lived with his parents from the year 1804, being six years old when his parents came there from Northumber land, England. In the year 1820 he married Margarette Martan of Dewitt, who died aged 71 years, leaving her husband, who survived her nine years and died in 18*4. aged 86 years, leaving John F. and family owners of the farm. In 1875 John F. married E., daughter of Thomas and Mary Nelson, a farmer and highly respected family of Cicero. They had four children, two of whom are living: Julia Frances, aged fourteen years, in school at Phoenix Academy, and Royal Franklin, aged four years. A grandmother of Mrs. Ainslie, Eva Bellinger, lived to the age of 114 years; her sight and mind being remarkably good; her gray hair had come out and in its place were beautiful tresses like a girl of sixteen ; she was of Holland parentage, had a pleasnt face and bright blue eyes, and willing heart and hands to help the needy and care for the sick : she was a good singer in both Dutch and Eng lish, and a true follower of Christ. She died July 1, 1890. Anthony, J. M., Clay, was born July 17, 1841, a son of Adam and Elizabeth An thony. This family were among the early settlers of Clay. At the time the father came to the present farm it was a wilderness. They own as fine a farm as there is in Clay. On the mother's side the family were among the oldest settlers, her father, Jacob I. Y'oung, being born in Schoharie Co. and moved to Onondaga Co., on the farm now owned by Peter J. Y'oung. Adam Anthony came to this town June 1, 1841. They have two children: J. M., the subject, and Catherine, now Mrs. Harris, who lives near the parents on one of their farms. The subject married Juliet Patrie, May ,3, 1865, and owns a farm of 145 acres mostly all under cultivation. Bettinger, Aaron A. , Clay, was born in the town of Clay, on the farm he now owns, Nov. 25, 1850. He is the son of Abraham and Margaret Bettinger, who came to Clay about 1830. The parents were born in Montgomery Co. The father died at the age of seventy-two years, and the mother is now living with the subject. She was a Miss Corkinbush. The children of this family are Mary Eunice, James, Carrie, and Aaron A. Aaron A. owns a farm of 170 acres. He married Elma, daughter of Andrew Patrie, an old and respected citizen of the town. The result of this union was five children, John A., Harvey H., Caroline May, Howard E., and Mary Eadeth. Our subject is a member of the Masonic lodge, Liverpool, No. 525. Bettinger, James E., Clay, son of Abraham and Margaret Bettinger, was born Jan. 27, 1844. Mr. Bettinger has been very successful at farming, owning now 150 acres mostly all under first-class cultivation. His wife is Mary Eckerson, by whom he has three children: Lester A., Floyd E., and Charles J., all on the farm at pres ent. Mr. Bettinger is district clerk. 128 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Bunzey, Mrs. Eliza A., Clay, widow of the late Nicholas Bunzey, who was born April 27, 1807, son of Henry and Elizabeth Bunzey, who resided at Schoharie Co. Mr. Bunzey came to Clay about 1843, and settled at Clay Corners. He carried on the business of wagon maker until within four years of his death, which occurred six years ago at the age of 82. He was a respected citizen and married Eliza A. Lown, by whom he had five children: Oscar, Leonard, Isaac, Sarah and Adelia. All the sons are mechanics. Browne, L. Harris, Clay, was born in Van Buren, this county, Nov. 2, 1839, son of Hamilton and Jane (Harris) Browne, natives of this State. The grandfather, Will iam Browne, was from Scotland. This family was one of the early settlers. The father, Hamilton, was a minister of the gospel, preaching in the M. P. church. Their children were L. H. and Henry H. Our subject in early life was a teacher in the district schools, and finished his education at Fulton. He married first Josephine Baum andsecond Wealthy J. Sherwood. Mr. Browne has been prominent in poli tics, and is a member of the Masonic fraternity, Centreville Lodge, No. 648. They have one daughter, Lena J. The ancestors of Mr. Browne's mother were very early and prominent settlers on the Hudson River. Collins, William H., Clay, was born in Washington Co., in Dec, 1824, a son of William and Maria Collins, the former born in 1797, in Connecticut, and the latter in Rhode Island in 1803. The subject was the youngest of six children. William Collins was a cooper and farmer, until he came to Onondaga Co. , when he engaged solely in farming, moving to the town of Cicero in the spring of 1847. His death occurred in 1853, aged 56 years. William H. was educated in the public schools, and followed lumbering for fifteen years, working in a saw mill (which he conducted) up to 1868, when he began farming, at which he has worked since. In 1850 he married Elviza A., daughter of Asa Stearns, an extensive lumberman. Of their two daugh ters, Eva married Frank McChesney, who is now deceased. She holds the office of postmistress at North Syracuse, and with Anna May, the youngest daughter, resides at home with her father, the mother having died in 1884, aged 55 years. Mr. Collins served as collector one year, postmaster four years, and justice of the peace about two years. In politics he has always been a Democrat. Cheney, Augustus B., Clay, was born in Madison Co., Aug, 7, 1829, son of Lucius A. and Sarah Cheney. The father was originally from Vermont, and came to On ondaga Hill, and then to Syracuse, when our subject was one and a half years of age. A. B. Cheney is a carpenter and joiner, which trade he has followed many years. He married first Sarah Green, and their children were Carrie, Mattie, Lillie, and Georgia. The oldest died at the age of nine years. He married second Anna Loucks, a widow, who had three children by her first husband: George, William and Emily. Mr. Cheney has held the office of assessor for eight years and is prominent in politics. Dorschug, John, Clay, was born in Germany, Sept. 25, 1836, came to this country and landed in New York city Sept. 17, 1857. He was a blacksmith by trade, which business he followed from 1857 to 1867. He then bought in 1874 a farm, his first start being with but little stock, but by strict attention to business he prospered and was able to pay for his farm in full in ten years. He married in 1863 Margaret Otte- FAMILY SKETCHES. 129 man of Clay, and they had two daughters, Armina, and Myrtie, who is at home with her parents. Dunham, Horace S. and Homer, Clay, twin brothers, were born in the town of Pompey, June 24, 1833. Their father was Mosely and their mother Sarah Dunham, the former born in Pompey, Sept. 17, 1805, and the latter in Hoosick, Rensselaer Co., March 28, 1802. The grandfather was S. H. Dunham, who came from Vermont to Pompey, and cleared a farm of 150 acres, where he settled in a log cabin. He was the father of five children, of whom only one survives. The family settled in the town of Clay in 1836, where our subjects now reside. The Messrs Dunham have been twice married. Horace married first Jane, daughter of William Weller, an old and respected resident of Clay, now living at the age of 93. His children by her were Walter M., Spencer M., and Albert H. He married second Mary Weller, a cousin of his first wife, and a daughter of Thomas Weller of Lysander, by whom he has one daughter, Emma J. Homer married first Harriet Crain, and second Sarah Chapman, of Granby, Oswego Co. He has one daughter, Cora E., wife of M. W. Newcomb. Both families are active in church work. Haner, Andrew, Clay, was born in Schoharie Co., N. Y. , Nov. 27, 1834. He is the son of Philip Haner, who was born in Dutchess Co. Philip came to Onondaga Co. in 1834 and settled on the farm where our subject now lives. He married Margaret Patrie, of Schoharie Co., by whom he had three children: Andrew, Eva A. and Jane. Andrew, like his father, chose farming and now owns the homestead of 157 acres. Andrew married Mary, daughter of Abraham and Margaret Bettinger, by whom he has five children: Sarah M. , Adaline, Amelia, John and Mary F. Mr. Haner is a member of the Grange. Lawrence, J. Warren, Clay, was born In Berkshire Co., Mass., June 14, 1829, son of Josiah and Nancy Lawrence, born in the same county. The grandfather, Joshua Lawrence, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, the subject being a namesake. The family are of healthy parentage, the grandfather having lived to be 96 years. They were all farmers, and Josiah settled in Onondaga Co. in 1832 in the town of Onondaga, now a part of Syracuse. In early life the subject was a teacher, which he followed for forty terms. He then took up farming which he has since followed, now owning a farm of fifty acres mostly under cultivation. Mr. Lawrence is one of four children by the first wife, Nancy Wilbur, of Massachusetts. He was educated in the public schools and Onondaga Academy, and finished at Falley Seminary, Fulton. He married H. Elizabeth Tompkins, of Cicero, by whom he had three children: Byron D., Gardner W., and Emily E., deceased. Mr. Lawrenee has been prominent in politics, and was for many years school commissioner, and is a member of the Masonic fraternity, Centerville Lodge No. 648. McQueen, R Bruce, Clay, was born Dec. 15, 1844, in Clay, son of Robert and Nancy McQueen. The father was born in Liverpool, Onondaga Co., Jan. 31, 1821. The family are of Irish ancestry, the grandfather, John McQueen, coming from Ire land and fought in the war of 1812. Robert and Nancy (West) McQueen were mar ried in Clay, and had three children: R. Bruce, Josiah, and Nathan B. R. Bruce McQueen in early life boated on the Erie Canal nine years, since which time he has followed farming. He now owns, with bis brother Josiah, a farm of forty-five acres, 1 30 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. nd they make a specialty of grapes. He married Amanda Tinkham, of Clay, and hey have four children : Asa N. , a veterinary surgeon in New Orleans ; George A. , lobert B., and Grace. , Mr. McQueen has held the offices of commissioner of high ways, and for five years overseer of the poor. Price, Edward T. and Joshua, Clay, were born in England, Edward, May 18, 1822, md Joshua, Sept. 10, 1834. They came to this country with their parents in 1839, ,nd settled in Syracuse where they lived one year. The father bought a farm in Clay ater on. Edward T. bought the farm and the father returned to England, where he lied. The mother died in this county at an early age. The subjects were two of :ight children who emigrated to this country with' their parents. Their occupation las been farming except while in the late war. They enlisted in the 15th N. Y. Cavalry in 1862, served until the close of the war and were in several battles. They ire members of Randall Post. Edward T. married in March, 1869, Martha Smith, if Clay, daughter of Joshua Smith, and their children are Irving and Agnes. He vas educated in the common schools and Herkimer Academy. Joshua married in Sfov., 1867, Mary, daughter of John and Sarah Leiff, of Salina, and they have three hildren: Lillian, Sidney and Jessie. Paulk, Arthur, Clay, was born in Clay, May 27, 1836, son of Noah and Roxanna Webster) Paulk. Noah Paulk was born in Springfield, Mass., and first settled in he town of Salina, where he worked at his trade of carpenter and joiner, which lusiness he always followed. He removed about two years later to Clay, where he led. His wife died in Syracuse. They had six children: Roxie, Noah, Arthur :he subject), Alvira, Loring, and Henrietta, all living except Noah. The life of the ubject has been spent at farming. He married in 1865 Viola A., daughter of Loring lould, of Cicero, and they have seven children: Jennie, James, Ettie, Irving, Alvy, lary, and Mina. Several members of the family were in the Revolution. Reese, Evan F. , Clay, was born in Oneida Co. September 28, 1828, a son of John md Mary Reese. The father born in Herkimer Co. in 1791, a son of John Reese, Iso of Herkimer Co., who was of German parentage. John Reese came to this ounty when it was a wilderness and to Syracuse when it was a swamp. He was a ilacksmith and farmer, and in 1847 settled in the town of Clay, where he died in 864, aged 73. He married Mary Wagner, of Herkimer Co. , and they had thirteen hildren, of whom the subject was next to the youngest. He is a farmer and has erved as justice of the peace, justice of sessions, commissioner of highways, etc., aking a promident part in local politics. In 1849 he married Emily, daughter of Nathaniel Cornell, of Van Buren. His second marriage was with Mary A. Tirrell if Clay, daughter of Jacob Tirrell, one of the oldest settlers of this town. Mr. Reese s a Mason, being a member of Centerville Lodge No. 648. He has three sons and me daughter, viz. . Burton J. , who has been in the railway mail service for thirteen 'ears; Bradford L., a clerk in a clothing house in Syracuse since 1886; Mary A., vife of Edward A. Newcomb, of Syracuse; and Frank B., at home. Shepard, J. Wesley, Clay, was born in Cicero, Onondaga Co,, Nov. 30, 1845, son f Daniel Shepard. He is one of five children: Nelson, Laura, James M., J. Vesley, and Anna. James died while serving his country in the late war from ex- iosure. He enlisted in the 101st N. Y. Vols, as orderly sergeant. ' The life of FAMILY SKETCHES. 131 J. Wesley has been spent at farming except while in the war. He enlisted in the ' 2d N. Y. Harris Light Cavalry and served in the 1st Brigade, Third Division, under Sheridan. In 1868 he married Miss Madama A. Schoolcraft, and their children are William D., Lillian M., and Frank C. Mr. Shepard is at preseut supervisor of Clay, having been elected for two years, and is prominent in politics. He is a member of Sanders Post No. 456, G. A. R., also a member of the Masonic fraternity, Center- ville Lodge No. 648. Sterns, Charles L., Clay, was born in Clay Jan. 20, 1831, son of Asa H. and Mary Sterns, the former born in Y'ermont in 1799, and the latter in Albany Co. Jan. 28, 1803. When they first settled in this town it was a wilderness, and the father cleared the farm on which the subject now lives. The grandfather, Asa H. Sterns, was in the Revolutionary war. Their children were: Mary J,, Charles L. , the sub ject, Eliza A., and Henry H. Subject has always been a farmer, and now owns a fine farm of 100 acres. He married in 1864 Sarah J., daughter of Edward Newport, of England, and their children are Elmer L., Arthur H., William N., Mary A., Eva M., and Charles T. Mr. Sterns was assessor eighteen years, supervisor in 1884, and has also been collector. Y'an Epps, James M., Clay, was born Jan. 1, 1836, in Schenectady Co. , son of Robert and Phoebe Y'an Epps of the same county. They came to Onondaga Co. in 1868, settled near where the subject now lives, and were early settlers here. The sub ject is one of five children : Alexander, James M. , Samuel, Fisher Fonda, and David, who was deputy sheriff for some twelve or fifteen years. The subject is now a practicing veterinary surgeon, and has been very successful in this profession. He was, a student under Mr. Snell of Montgomery Co. He married Lydia A. Van Planck of Montgomery Co. , who is now an invalid. They have six children : De Forest, now in the Onondaga county clerk's office; Ella, William, Eliza, Lydia, Harriet and Grace, who died aged 29 years. The subject is a member of the Masonic fraternity, Fort Brewster Lodge No, 256. Wright, William W., Clay, was born in South Onondaga, Feb. 22, 1824, son of John and Mary R. Wright. The grandfather, Reuben, came to this county from the east when it was a wilderness. John Wright, born in March, 1800, was a clothier, x which business he followed several years, then went into the hotel business, first in South Onondaga and later came to Centerville, now North Syracuse, where he con ducted a hotel for three years, since which time he has lived retired, until Sept. , 1880, when he died. He married Mary Reynolds, and their children were: William Wallace, Elijah B., J. Frank, now principal of New York Grammar School No. 7; Abijah J., Willis, Willard H., Lucretia, Sarah, Louisa, Mariette and Betsey Ann. The subject was traveling on the road for seventeen years, and for a number of years conducted a bottling business in Syracuse. A few years ago he traded that business for a farm, which he now owns in the town of Cicero. He married, April 2, 1851, Charlotte L. Cox, by whom he has one son, William W., jr. The subject was deputy sheriff fifteen years and revenue collector, also is a member of the Masonic fraternity, Centerville Lodge No. 648. Wetsel, Christopher, Clay, was born in Schoharie Co., Feb. 24, 1831, son of Daniel and Marie Webster, born in the same county. When Christopher was about nine 132 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. years of age his parents came to Onondaga Co., and in 1840 to Clay. At that time it was a forest, they being obliged to clear the land to begin farming. The mother of Mr. Wetsel is still living at the advanced age of 92 years, being born March 18, 1803. She is the mother of three children :. Maria, David, and Christopher. The latter spent twelve years at the carpenter and joiner trade, but is now a farmer. He married Oct. 13, 1853, Emer L., daughter of Peter and Elizabeth Young, among the oldest settlers of the town. They have three sons: Henry, born Dec. 5, 1854; Ruel, born Oct. 22, 1861; and Arthur L., born May 15, 1869. Waterhouse, Edwin R., Clay, was born in Clay on the farm' he owns, Oct. 14, 1842. Manning Waterhouse, his father, came from Massachusetts, first settled in Constantia and then in Clay, where he bought the farm the subject now owns. He married Esther A. Thayer, and went to Indiana as surveyor in the land office. Here he worked about two years at surveying and map drawing, then returned to Clay and took up farming, which business he followed until his death. He followed farm ing in the summer and taught school during the winter. They had five children. The subject has always followed farming. He married, Feb. 18, 1866, Harriet P. Leach, of Hanover, Mass. He has held the office of poormaster and collector, and is a gentleman of high standing in the community. Whitcomb, Rev. Charles F.,' Clay, was -born in Stuttgart, Germany, March, 26, 1841, and came to this country with his parents at 11 years of age in 1853. They at that time had a family of seven, six of which died in one night, leaving our sub ject an orphan at eleven years of age. His first start in life was in a drug store (New York city), being there for some time, which gave him thirst for books ; attended school one year, and at an early age became converted and soon fitted himself for the ministry. He enlisted at Aug. 22, 1861, at Romeo, Mich., in the 7th Regt. Vols. (Inft.), was disabled at the battle of Ball's Bluff, and discharged from the service Dec. 22, 1861, for disability. In 1865 he went to Germany and attended school in Berlin, then traveled for three months through the Holy Land. Returning to America in 1872, again attended school to fit himself for the work of the ministry and was ordained as a Baptist pastor June 25, 1879. He has filled many very important charges: Eastport, Me., four years, one of the largest churches in the State; Skow- hegan, Me. ; Canton, Mass., First Baptist church, North Syracuse, N.Y. , and is now in charge at Euclid, N. Y. , having held his present field four years. He married Diantha Baldwin, of Ira, N. Y. , by whom he has one child, Gracy B. Subject is a member of the K. of P. and the G. A. R. Post of Cicero. Young, Peter J., Clay, was born on the farm he now owns Aug. 24, 1822, the son of Jacob and Isabella Young. The father served in the War of 1812. The grand father Young fought in the Revolutionary war. The occupation of the family has been farming, which business subject has followed from early life. He is one of four children, and married in 1845 Catherine Somers. They have two children : Au gustus, who is a practicing physician in Newark, "Wayne Co. ; Theodore, farmer in Oswego Co. Subject married second, June 19, 1884, Caroline Petrie, of Herkimer Co. Mr. Young has held the office of assessor and other minor offices in thfe town, and has a farm of 85 acres mostly under cultivation. Ames, Austin .0. , Dewitt, of A. A. Ames's Sons, dealers in lumber, and manufact- FAMILY SKETCHES. 133 urers of doors, mouldings, blinds, sashes, etc. , was born in Steuben Co. in 1849, son of Ambrose and Sophronia (Bliss) Ames, natives of Massachusetts. The father built at Addison, N. Y'.. the first factory to make sash, blinds and doors by machinery in this country. He was for many years in the manufacturing and lumber business at various places in the State, and also in the dry goods business at Rochester for a while. He has now retired from business and makes his home with his children ; the mother died in 1893. Mr. Ames remained in business with his father until 1895, then established the business here, building and furnishing the entire plant with new machinery. They usually employ about 100 hands. Howard, a brother, is the other member of the firm. In 1872 Austin O. married Martha Chapin, of Whitehall, N. Y. They reside in Syracuse. Avery, Darius C, Dewitt, was born in La Fayette ir? 1817, son of Henry and Polly Avery, who came from Massachusetts about 1815, and died in La Fayette in 1869 and 1896 respectively. Mr. Avery resided on a farm in Pompey for twenty years, but since 1875 has resided in Jamesville. His wife, Mrs. Laura A. Eggleston Wheeler Avery, is a native of Jefferson county. His first wife was Permelia Keene, who died in Aug. , 1889. Allen, Irving W. , Dewitt, came from Madison Co. to East Syracuse in 1883, pur chasing the Orchard Hill farm of 160 acres and herd 6f Holstcin cattle from W. C. Bray ton. In the following year he imported fifty head of thoroughbred Holsteins and has since built up a profitable trade in that breed of cattle in connection with dairying, shipping many head annually to various States of the Union. His herd at present consists of ninety head of finely bred registered stock. In 1884 he won all the first prizes, also first and second for best herds at the Onondaga Co. Fair. Mr. Allen was born in Madison Co. in 1851. He has been a member of the Board of Ed ucation for six years, and president of the board for one year. Mrs. (Buckingham) Allen is from Madison Co. They have one child, Albert S. Burnham, Alvah, Dewitt, was born in Cortland Co., N. Y., in 1835, son of James and Lois (Johnson) Burnham, of New Haven, Conn., who died in Cortland Co. Mr. Burnham clerked in a dry goods store for two years in Kalamazoo, Mich. , then spent several years with his father on the farm in Cortland Co. He was afterward in the dry goods trade at Cortland, then resided five years in Fulton, N. Y., removing from there to East Syracuse, N. Y., in April, 1874. He at first engaged in the coal, wood and lumber business, and in the fall of 1875 established the business of dry goods and boots and shoes ; being the first dealer in the place in the above lines. At the establish ment of the post-office, May, 1875, he was appointed postmaster, serving nine years; and was the express agent at East Syracuse, representing the American Express Co. since Aug. 18, 1884. His wife was Lena Moore, of Fulton,. Oswego Co., by whom he has one son, Herman L. Bausinger, John G. , Dewitt, was born in Germany in 1842 ; his parents, Casper and Catherine, lived and died in Germany. He came to Syracuse when nineteen years of age. He was in the drug business six- years, candle manufacture six years, and in 1872 he located on his present Dewitt farm of 100 acres, where he successfully fol lows general farming and dairying. In 1866 he married Elizabeth S. King, a native of Syracuse. 134 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Curtiss, Leonard, Dewitt, was born in West Camden, Oneida Co., in 1831, and came from Oswego to Syracuse in 1864. He was interested in the glass manufacture at Oswego and helped to start the glass works in Syracuse. He is now engaged in the undertaking business together with agricultural pursuits. By his first wife, Betsey Titus, who died in 1884, Mr. Curtiss has one son, Israel J. His present wife, Julia E., is a daughter of Elijah Clark, who was born in 1803 near Onondaga Hill. In 1808 the latter moved with his parents to Salina, now the First ward of Syracuse, and engaged in the manufacture of salt. He was a member of the cavalry company which, commanded by Captain Rosseiter, escorted General La Fayette through Salina ;. he was the first president of the village of Salina, and was instrumental in organizing the first fire company there, of which he was captain. Mrs. Curtiss has one of her father's fire buckets used by him while captain of this first company. He was in the Jerry Rescue also. He held the office of assessor many years, also that of overseer of the poor, constable, and deputy sheriff. He moved to East Syracuse in 1870. In 1876 he was elected justice of the peace. He died in 1889. His wife, Elizabeth B. Clark, was born in Saratoga Co. in 1805 and died in 1890. Mrs. Curtiss's first husband was Rufus R. Kinne, one of the pioneers of East Syra cuse. He was a son of Zebulon Kinne, who came from Connecticut about 1805, locat ing in the wilderness where Mr. and "Mrs. Curtiss reside. Zebulon Kinne and his wife, Lucy (Markham) Kinne, both died in 1865. Rufus R. was a farmer and con tractor, and was one. of the foremost promoters of the interests of the place. He died in 1880, aged 61 years. He had two children, Nelson, who died, aged two years, and Gertrude B. , who resides with her mother, representing the third genera tion of the Kinne family as residents of Mr. and Mrs. Curtiss's home place. Candee, William W., Dewitt, was born in Pompey in 1846, son of William and Elmina (Woodward) Candee, natives of Connecticut and Herkimer Co. ; she died in Pompey in 1847 and he in Dewitt in 1889. Mr. Candee was raised on a farm ; was five years postmaster at Manlius. In 1869 he married Frances Benson, of Pompey, by whom he has two children, Mabel E. and William B. He located on his present farm of 208 acres in 1891, following general farming and dairying, also quarries sev eral thousand tons of gypsum. William B. Candee is extensively engaged in the poultry trade, raising Plymouth Rocks and Black Leghorns. Edwards, Hiram K. , Dewitt, was born in Dewitt in 1828, son of Joseph and Electa (Wilcox) Edwards. Samuel, the paternal grandfather, came from Connecticut to the town of Manlius (now Dewitt), and taught the first district school there ; he was also justice of the peace. He died in 1893. The maternal grandfather was in the war of 1812, and lived and died within the town of Dewitt. The father, Joseph, died in 1839, at the age of 35. Hiram K. Edwards married, in 1851, Phrinda R. Hotchin. They had three children, Alice L., wife of Dr. Ira L. Harris, physician to the mis sionaries in Syria; Metta, wife of Ambrose B. Dean, of Pittsburg, and Ernest C. Mr. Edwards held the office of tax collector ; in 1860 was appointed deputy sheriff; in 1863 was appointed inspector of cigars and tobacco, which position he filled about six years. He then served as government ganger for eight years, and in 1877 was appointed under sheriff, filling this position three years, and then was elected sheriff of the county^ He has traveled extensively in this country, has been newspaper correspondent, lecturer for the Fayetteville and Pomona Granges, and edited the FAMILY SKETCHES. 135 Grange department of the East Syracuse News. Mr. Edwards died at his home in Dewitt, Sunday morning, March 31, 1895, at the age of 67 years. Ellis, A. D., Dewitt, son of Albert and Jane Wells Ellis, was born in the town of Onondaga in the year 1835. The paternal grandfather, Major Levi Ellis, came from Connecticut about the year 1805, locating upon and clearing the farm where the two later generations of the Ellis family were reared. In 1819 he organized the first Sunday school at South Onondaga. In his subsequent public service and church work he became quite generally known as a high-minded, consistent gentleman. The parents, the father and mother of A. D., were active, industrious, upright citi zens ; they were successful at farming. Their home was ever hospitable and cheer ful, and-they lived contentedly in the town of Onondaga all their lives. The father died at the age of 72, and the mother at the age of 68 years. Both were buried on the family lot in Oakwood Cemetery. There were five children born to their family circle upon the old homestead ; the three next as the order of their birth, now living, are James D. Ellis, Fanny Ellis Upton, and Jenny Ellis Hinsdale. They were edu cated in the public schools and the academies at Onondaga Valley and Homer, N.Y. A. D. Ellis was for several years associated as a member of the firm of Beers, Ellis & Soule in the publication of local historical works, maps and atlases, in the city of New York. He is a partner of W. S. Roe in the banking house of Roe & Ellis at Wolcott, N. Y. In the spring of 1874 he, with Charles S. Upton of Rochester, N.Y., purchased a considerable tract of land lying along the N. Y. C. and H. R. Railroad in the town of Dewitt, which lands, the following year, they laid out liberally in blocks, lots, streets and avenues, indicating the proposed town site. In the winter of 1875-76 Mr. Ellis prepared and published a map, the first that had been made of the hopeful hamlet, and suggesting a name, placed in the title " East Syracuse." In the year 1881 he, with Rhesa Griffin, C. E., made a survey defining the lines of the rapidly growing town, which were duly adopted by the citizens and incorporated as a village in the memorable name as above. From the first he has been active, pro gressive and truly loyal to the best interests of East Syracuse. The several churches and the school owe much of their present advantages and prosperity to his efforts add liberality. Latterly his stock ranches jn Kansas and his orange lands in Cali fornia share his attention and require frequent visits to those localities. Ferris, Gideon C, Dewitt, was born in Connecticut in 1829, son of Gideon and Caroline Ferris, who lived and died in Connecticut. In 1852 he married Phebe C. Selleck of Connecticut, and in 1855 they came to Dewitt and located on his present farm of 114 acres. He has filled the office of assessor, supervisor, inspector of the Onondaga Co. Penitentiary, president of the Farmer's Club, and was either trustee or clerk of his district for over thirty years ; he has also been president and secretary of the Dewitt Cemetery Association for many years. He has three sons: Joseph S., Fred A., and Charles C, and two daughters, Emily Frances and Phebe Annie. Fry, William, Dewitt, contractor and builder of East Syracuse, was born in 1857, son of George and Magdaline (Oot) Fry, natives of Germany and Lorraine. The parents both came to Syracuse when young and were married there. The father was a cabinetmaker, and died in Saginaw, Mich., in 1863, at the age of 41 years; the mother died in Manlius in 1892, at the age of 66. Mr. W. Fry learned the car- 136 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. penter trade in early life and has always followed it. He owns considerable prop erty in East Syracuse. In 1881 he married Sarah Ebb, of Cicero. He has filled the office of trustee, has been a member of the Water Board since its organization, and is at present a member of the School Board. Ferris, F. A., Dewitt, brother of Gideon C, was born in 1826. In 1847 he located on the farm where he has since resided. In 1848 he married Mary J. Lockwood, who died twelve years later, leaving two children, Emma J., wife of Charles Mead, of Syracuse, and G. C. Ferris, .also a resident of Syracuse. Mr. Ferris afterward married Laura W. Lockwood, by whom he had two children, Mary C. , wife of E. S. Merrill, and Gracia L. Mr. Ferris has a farm of 102 acres. Kimber, William A., Dewitt, was born in Dewitt in 1857, son of Ambrose and Mary A. (Hiscock) Kimber, natives of England. The parents came to America in 1855, locating in Onondaga Co. The father died in 1882 at the age of 61, and the mother in 1887 at the age of 64. William A. was raised and educated in Syracuse. In 1886 he rv.arried Elizabeth A. , daughter of Anson Smith of Manlius, by whom he has four children, Ray L., Gladys H., G. Harold, and Leland F. His present resi dence is Dewitt Centre, N. Y. Kimber, James, Dewitt, son of Ambrose Kimber, was born in Dorsetshire, Eng., in 1847. At an early age he came to this country with his parents. In 1872 he mar ried Mary J Hewitson, of Syracuse, by whom he had four children, viz.': Eva May, Florence M. , James Irving, and Harvey Clifford. In 1894 he purchased a farm of 85 acres in Lyndon, near Fayetteville, where he now resides, making farming his general occupation. Kinne, Elbridge, Dewitt, was born in Dewitt in 1810, son of Prentiss and Elizabeth Kinne. In 1791 the grandfather, Cyrus Kinne, came from Connecticut to Manlius, where he purchased large tracts of land. The place now owned, by Elbridge was one of the tracts. Prentiss Kinne located on it in 1801, having built a log house the year before. He returned to Connecticut the same year and was married there. Cyrus was chairman of the first town meeting in Manlius, and was magistrate for many years. He died in 1808. Prentiss -also filled many town offices; he was first major under Gen. Thaddeus M. Wood. He died in 1830, aged 57, and his wife died in 1820, aged 44. In 1837 Elbridge married Sophronia Young. Their children are Dr. T. Y. Kinne, of Paterson, N. J. ; Eliza M., wife of Rev. B. F. Barker, of East Unondaga; Sophronia Janette, wife of Willard H. Peck, of Dewitt; and Dr. E. O. Kinne, of Syracuse. Mr. Kinne is the oldest native resident and one of the most respected citizens of his town. Loos, William, Dewitt, was born in Germany in 1838, and in 1861 located in Syra cuse. He followed gardening in the town of Onondaga for eleven years, and in 1874 located on his present farm of twenty-one acres. In 1863 he married Mary Richert, a native of Germany, by whom he has two children. He runs a market wagon from February to December, and during the winter supplies green house goods from two large green houses. McCarthy, Calvin, Dewitt, was born in Ireland in 1850. In 1851 he was brought to Jamesville by his parents, Eugene and Mary McCarthy. The father was a FAMILY SKETCHES. 137 shoemaker. In 1868 they removed to Oswego Co., where the father died in 1890, aged 75, and the mother still resides in that county. Mr. McCarthy, remaining at Jamesville, worked on a farm and taught school winters from 1868 to 1872. He was principal of the Hart Lot School from 1873 to 1879. He clerked a short time in Skaneateles Falls, for the firm of P. C. Carrigan & Co. , in the lime business, and in the fall of 1880 went to Binghamton to manage a lime business there. In 1884 he returned to Jamesville and became associated with Mr. Dunlop. In 1880 he married Kittie E. Esser, who died in 1881. He afterward married Ella L, Cook, of Bing hamton, by whom he has one child, Mary L. Mr. McCarthy has held the offices of trustee, justice of the peace, and was for seven years clerk of his school district. He has been a member of the Prohibition party since 1873, and has been the candidate of that party for several offices. He was nominated in 1893 by his party for justice of the peace, and was endorsed or nominated by the Republicans and Democrats, being unanimously elected. He has been a Good Templar since 1870, and was a member of their board of managers from 1883 to 1887. Peck, De Witt C, Dewitt, was born in Oswego Co. in 1813, where he lived until he was seventeen years old. He then moved to the town of Pompey with his parents, Dennis and Mary (Halliday) Peck, who were natives of Connecticut and Massachusetts. From Pompey they moved in 1832 to Mr. Peck's present place in Dewitt. The father was justice of the peace for many years and at one time coroner of Oswego Co. He died in 1852 at the age of 72, and the mother in 1867 at the age of 81. De Witt C. is one of a family of six children, he and two sisters sur viving. In 1840 he married Salome Kinne, by whom he has five children : Herbert D., of Iowa; Albert D., of Montana; Clinton G., of Iowa; Willard H. ; and Mary E. Willard H., who resides on the old homestead with his parents, was born in 1854, and educated at the Syracuse High School, He is the present commissioner of high ways, serving his second term ; president of the Onondaga County Farmers' Club, and one of the directors of the Onondaga Co. Milk Association. He also has lumber ing interests in Iowa (conducted under the firm name of W. H. Peck & Co.), where he resided from 1880 until 1891. In 1882 he married S. Nettie Kinne, daughter of El bridge Kinne, "by whom he has had two children, L. Theodore and Raymond De Witt. Quinlan, Dennis, Dewitt, postmaster and of the firm of Quinlan & Son, of James ville, was born in the town of Dewitt in 1856, son of Daniel and Mary Quinlan, of Ireland. The parents came from Ireland when young, and the father followed his trade of carpenter and millwright for many years, and for the past twenty-two years has been a general merchant at Jamesville, although he has now retired from active business. In 1880 Mr. Quinlan married Ellen T. Sheedy, by whom he has three sons and two daughters. He has been postmaster during both of Cleveland's ad ministrations. Sherwood 2d, Bradford, Dewitt, was born in La Fayette in 1830, son of Samuel A. and Lucinda E. (Campbell) Sherwood. Samuel A. was one of the younger of a fam ily of eight sons and one daughter, who, with their father, Bradford 1st, came to this county in 1813, and for one year lived near Oran. In 1814 they bought and set tled on a farm in the town of La Fayette, where he remained until 1849, when Sarn.- 138 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. uel A. and his family moved to Jamesville. The grandfather, Bradford 1st, died in 1858. Samuel A., who lived with Bradford 2d, died March 28, 1895, aged 91 years 4 months and 13 days. He left two sons, Bradford and Homer C. In 1855 Bradford Sherwood married Adelaid Wyckoff, by whom he has two children : Dr. Bradford W. , and Adelaid M. Mr. Sherwood is the owner of the homestead comprising 200 acres. Schweizer, Henry, Dewitt, is a native of Switzerland, born in 1838. In 1863 he married Frederika Fauth, and in the same year he came to Utica, where he resided two years. He then moved to Rensselaer Co., and in 1870 to Syracuse, following the rope maker's trade. From 1876 he worked for Charles Nichols twelve years. In 1889 he purchased his present farm of fourteen acres, and built the house and barn the same year. In 1890 set out fruit trees of all kinds. Swift, Rev. Isaac, Dewitt, of the First Presbyterian church of East Syracuse, was born in Geneva in 1845, son of Isaac and Rebecca D. (Dimmick) Swift, natives . of Cape Cod, Mass., who were married there and afterward removed to Geneva, where the father was for many years principal of the public schools of the city. The father died in 1890, aged 89, and the mother in 1888, aged 77. Mr. Swift was edu cated in Orange Co. and at the Union Theological Seminary, graduating in 1869. He has since been engaged in ministerial work at Midland, Mich. , Oakfield, N Y. , Akron, N. Y., and East Syracuse, coming there in 1878. In 1869 he married Emma Jaynes, of Steuben Co., by whom he has two children, Lulu and Willie R. Tiffany, Henry, Dewitt, a groceryman of East [Syracuse, was born at La Fayette, Onondaga Co., in 1858, son of David and Charlotte Tiffany. David Tiffany came to Onondaga Co. about 1796, locating at Pompey. He enlisted in the war of 1812. He died in 1874 aged 80 years. When about ten years old Henry entered a grocery store in Syracuse as clerk, and followed clerking for a number of years at the follow ing places: Dewitt Centre; Lansing, Mich.; Rochester, N. Y, ; Detroit, Mich.; and Los Angeles, Cal. He was then in the employ of an elevator company in New Or leans. In 1884 he returned to Syracuse, and from there he came to East Syracuse in 1888, establishing his present business. In 1886 he married Helen F. Hunt, by whom he has two children. He is a member of the School Board. Van Schaick, William F. , Dewitt, was born in Manlius in 1836, son of Josiah R. and Levina (Kimball) Van Schaick, natives of Schoharie Co. and the town of Man lius. The father was a mechanic and contractor, and died in 1848, and the mother in 1888. William F. and a brother, Charles H. of Manlius, are the only surviving of of seven children. Mr. Van Schaick was raised on a farm, but followed the carpen ter's trade until 1861, then farmed until 1872, at which time he embarked in the oil business in Pennsylvania, and resided there until 1883. In 1886 he sold his Manlius farm and has since resided on his 80 acre farm in Dewitt. He is also still interested in the oil business. Charles Y^an Schaick lives on his farm at Manlius Station. Jo siah F. Van Schaick died in Aug. , 1893, the youngest of the seven children. Hollon D. Van Schaick was born in the town of Manlius, Feb. 5, 1843, a son of Josiah Robbins a mechanic. Hollon D., the fourth of a family of five children, was educated in the common schools, a select school, and the Meads Business College at Syracuse. After leaving school he was for several years a clerk in Walrath's store at Manlius, then FAMILY SKETCHES. 139 engaged in the oil business at Titusville, Pa. , where he was employed for nearly thirty years. In 1879 he returned to Manlius and settled on a farm near Fayette ville, where he was engaged in fruit culture and general farming until his death, which occurred May 20, 1892. Mr. Van Schaick was at one time supervisor of the town and was one of the most persistent workers for the success of the building of the Union Free School. He was a member of the Masonic order, also of the I. O. O. F., and was the. founder of Fayetteville Grange No. 610. April 28, 1872, Mr. Van Schaick married Frances L. , daughter of Hiram Wilcox, formerly a teacher of this town. An adopted daughter, Sarah Lucile, lives with Mrs. Van Schaick. Worden, William, Dewitt, president of the village of East Syracuse, was born in Warners in 1844, son of Ambrose and Rebecca (Armstrong) Worden, natives of On ondaga Co. His parents on both sides resided and died in Onondaga Co. , and the maternal grandfather, Marvin Armstrong, was in the war of 1812. Mr. Worden has in the past been interested in canal boating. He located in East Syracuse in 1886, since which time he has owned and managed the Hotel Ames. He also built and owns a number of business blocks, the Worden block being the best business building here. He does a general brokerage business and has taken a deep interest in the progress and improvement of East Syracuse. He has served as president of the village and is now treasurer of the school district. His wife was formerly Cor nelia Bovee, of Onondaga Co. Weston, Dwight H., of Jamesville, was born in 1855, son of David E. and Lucelia (Plaisted) Weston. The father died in 1885, aged 55, and the mother is a resident of the town of Dewitt. Mr. Weston was raised as a farmer, but since 1885 has been interested in the manufacture of water lime, quick lime, and plaster with E. B. Alvord & Co. In 1879 he married Frances Reed of Dewitt. Andrews, John Y., Elbridge, son of Gregory G. and Ellen (Cullen) Andrews, was born in Clyde in 1866. a grandson of John Y. , who came from New England when a young man and settled in Seneca Falls, living for many years in that vicinity. In 1838 he went to Clyde, where be conducted a tannery until his death in 1860, his widow still residing in that place. They reared seven children : Gregory G. was born at Seneca Falls in 1837, and has been almost continuously in the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. since its construction. He removed to Jordan in 1872, where his family is living at this date. His children are : Charles G. , Flora B. , Albert, Gregg, and the subject of this sketch. The latter was educated in the Jordan Free Acad emy, studied law at Syracuse, and received his degree of LL.B. from the Law School at Albany in 1890, in which year he opened an office in Jordan. He was elected town clerk in 1890, and police justice of the village, both of which positions he filled for two years, and in 1894 he was made justice of the peace. He married Mary A., daughter of Samuel R. Broughton of Jordan, and they have one daughter, Marian B., and one son, Milton F. Curtis, Alonzo Mead, Elbridge, was born in 1817, and educated in the village acad- omy. He was twice married; first to Louisa Gleason, by whom he had three chil dren, Arthur, Jennie and Edward. She died in 1864. In 1866 he married Electa A. Townsend, of Brutus, by whom he had these children: Heman Di, Clara, now Mrs. M. E. Curtis, both of California, Jessie W., Fred M. , Allen, Frank and Caroline. 140 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Mr. Curtis had always been active in political affairs and he and his family were at tendants of the Presbyterian church. He served as collector for fourteen years. He died in May, 1890, after a long suffering, the result of injuries received by a runaway team. After his death Mrs. Curtis carried on the farm of 122 acres with marked success. The Curtis family were among the very early settlers of Elbridge, the first of the name being Josiah, who came from Vermont in 1793. He built the first frame house in Elbridge, on Main street ; it is in a good state of preservation, and owned by M. Dewaters. He had seven children. Mead Curtis was the youngest son. Carpenter, Fred C. , Elbridge, was born in Elbridge in 1868, a son of Charles L. , of Marcellus, who married Cynthia, daughter of Dr. Titus Merriman, one of the early residents of Elbridge. Charles L. came to this town and conducted the Munro House from 1867 to 1874, and was engaged in the livery business till his death in 1887. There were seven children in the family, four of whom died in infancy. One son, Merriman B. lives in Elbridge, and a daughter, Mrs. Harry B. Bond, in Jordan. When Fred became of age, being discontented in the livery business, he took what property was his, and started a boot and shoe business in the store of E. W. Emmons, and three years later bought out Mr. Emmons, and has since conducted the business successfully. He married Carrie, daughter of C. A. Van Vechten of this town, a descendant of a Knickerbocker Dutch family. Cottle, William G., Elbridge, was born in England in 1852, a son of William and Mary (Pearson) Cottle, who came to Skaneateles in 1852, where they remained ten years, then went to Sennett. The father was a contractor. His family consisted of five sons and three daughters, all settled and now living in that vicinity except George, who was killed by a tramp named Cooper at Skaneateles Junction in 1892. William was the oldest of the family, and was educated in the Munro Collegiate In stitute, in which he was tutor in mathematics and English several terms. He taught district school a number of winters, working on the farm summers, and later opened a store (1878) at the Junction. In 1881 he bought out his competitor, and has a very thriving trade. In 1889 he took his brother John P. into partnership, the firm name being Cottle Bros. He married Rhoda B., daughter of Winchester Howe, one of the very early settlers of Marcellus. They have five children: M. Lulu, NinaW., Rhoda E., William C. and Edith H. Mr. Cottle has served as postmaster fifteen years, supervisor four years, and takes an active interest in all local affairs, as well as in religious matters, having been prominent in the support of the latter. Farnham, J. A., Elbridge. — The first of this name to settle in this county was Amasa, who came from Vermont in 1790 at the age of fifteen, with Colonel Bigelow Lawrence and family. ' His father, Reuben, with the remainder of the family, con sisting of wife, six sons and three daughters, came a fewyears later, and settled in what is now known as Skaneateles, a part of the original town of Marcellus. Reuben was born in the State of Connecticut, he being directly descended from one of three brothers who came to this country at an early date from the north of Ireland, and settled, one in Connecticut, one in Maine, the other in the State of Massachusetts. Reuben was a soldier of the Revolution. Amasa having founded a home in Skan eateles, lived there until his death, which occurred in 1855 at the age of 70, leaving FAMILY SKETCHES 141 at his death three sons and one daughter, named Alice, Hiram, Perry, and John, all of whom excepting Hiram removed to the State of Illinois about 1850. The brothers and sisters of Amasa all settled and lived in this and Oswego counties, leaving fam ilies of children. Hiram, eldest son of Amasa, spent his life in Skaneateles, and married Mary Van Auken from Delaware county, leaving at his death, which took place in 1889 at the age of 77, five sons and three daughters, residing, Henry, in Camillus; Edward, Skaneateles; Mrs. Webb, Skaneateles; Amasa, Hope, Kansas; Mrs. Henry Maxon, Marcellus; John A., Elbridge; Dyer H., Alaska; Hattie, Chicago. Garrison, William C, Elbridge, was born where he now resides in 1818. He married Esther Patterson in 1839 at Livingston, N. Y. Their son, Charles J., was killed at Petersburg, serving in the 9th N. Y. Heavy Artillery ; James H. , died in Beuna Vista, Colorado; George W. , of Ripley, N. Y. ; Harrison W. of Aspen, Colo rado; Frank, of Elbridge, N. Y., William Newton, of Rochester, N. Y. ; Mary J., now Mrs. Thaddeus Smith, of Corning, N. Y. William resided in Genesee Co. for several years, returning to Elbridge in 1864. After following the blacksmith busi ness for fifty years, in 1884 he erected a feed mill. Capt. Jacob J. , his father, came to Elbridge in 1814, after serving in the war of 1812. Hannah Waldron, his mother, of Haverstraw, had four sons and two daughters. William C, of Elbridge; John, of Ohio; Edward H., of Elbridge; Charles, died 1834; Susan, died in 1844: Mrs. Catherine Smith, died 1893. Hubbell, Theron S., Elbridge, a native of Roxbury, Delaware Co., was born Aug. 10, 1816. His parents were James and Desire Holdridge Hubbell of Connecticut, who came into Albany Co., and from there to Delaware Co., where they died. Of their six children all but Theron S. arid Samuel lived and died in that section of the State. At the age of twenty Theron S. came to Elbridge and worked at farming five years, then went to learn the trade of marble cutting. He started in business for himself in 1844, and after fifty-one years finds his business second to none in Cen tral New York. In 1842 he married Catherine Warn of Sennett, and their children are Mary Adelaide (who died in infancy), Ellen D., Elliston E. , and Carloss E., who died in Eustis, Fla., in 1886, aged 29 years. Elliston E., oldest son of T. S. Hubbell, was born in 1852, received his education in the Munro Collegiate Institute, and en tered into partnership with his father in 1875, the firm being T. S. Hubbell & Son. He married Emma C, daughter of Nathan and Martha Gorham, of Elbridge, who died May 29, 1893, leaving one son, Lester A. Elliston E. married for his second wife, in 1895, Carrie, only daughter of Richard and Mary Niles, of Jordan, N. Y. E. E. Hubbell is a 32d degree Mason. Hall, Harvey, Elbridge, was born in Greenville in 1821, a son of Abram Hall. His father married a Miss Dubois, of a French and Dutch family, and they came to this town in 1830. There were five sons who grew up and were educated at the academy. One of them, William, was' in the army. Harvey married Gratia C, daughter of Jonathan and Nancy (Paine) Dickinson. Jonathan was a son of Thomas Dickinson, who came from Massachusetts to Aurora, Nancy Paine (daughter of Gen. Edward Paine) was twice married, first to Dr. John Frisbie, and second to Jonathan Dickin son, as above, in 1812. They had five children, two daughters surviving. Mr. Dickinson died in 1855 and his wife in 1858. Mr. Hall went to Idaho in 1870, where 142 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. he was doing business at Florence City. The last heard from him, he was going to Boise City, having been elected assemblyman from his district. He reached there in safety, although it was a ten days' journey and the Indians were unfriendly. Word was received of his arrival, since which nothing has been heard of him. There were three Hall children: Edward D., of Elbridge, Mrs. John H. Calhoun, of Auburn, and J. D., who died March 3, 1888. Edward married Mary Lyon and has one son, Will iam M. Mrs. Harvey Hall lives on the Dickinson homestead. Irish, OsbertE. , Elbridge, was born in 1835 in Otsego Co., a son of John and Elizabeth (Jennings) Irish, who moved into Oswego Co. in 1838. Their family of ten children grew up in that county. In 1866 Osbert moved to Syracuse; and worked for the Salt Company^ as foreman of the coopering factory for eight years and con ducted also a shop of his own. He married Emma, daughter of Henry Smith, and in 1872 moved to Skaneateles Junction, continuing in the coopering trade. He manufactured flour and fruit barrels. Mr. Irish has a family of two children, John and Flora. His family are connected with the M. E. church. Kent, Ira, Elbridge, was born in the town of Bensons, Vt. He came to Cayuga Co. at an early day, before the war of 1812, by the aid of blazed trees. After the war he sailed on the lakes. His wife was Lucretia Goodridge, who was born in the Susquehanna valley. They had five sons and five daughters, all of whom settled near the old home. Asher Kent was born in 1826, grew up in Cayuga Co. , went as a driver on the canal until his father sired for his wages, when he ran away and en listed in the United States Navy as second-class apprentice. He was in the navy at the time Captain McKenzie was in command of the U. S. brig Somers, when he hanged midshipman Phillip Spencer, boatswain's mate William Cromwell, and seaman Elisha Small at the yard arm for mutiny. He ran away from the navy, returned home and bought his time of his father. His wife was Angeline Sarle of Saratoga Co. ; they settled on a, farm near Jack's Reefs, afterward removing to a farm near Jordan. His children are Mrs. James McBurney of Jordan ; Seymour W. of Roch ester, who married Mary Mawhiney of Jordan; William S. of Chihauhau, Mexico; Thomas F., who married Nellie Rodger of Syracuse and resides on the home farm, and is in the railway mail service. Laird, Charles W., Elbridge.— The Lairds are one of the noted old families of the town of Elbridge. The first to locate there was John, who came from Charlton, Saratoga Co., in 1798, and died in 1837. , His wife was Polly Boyd, and they had a family of three sons and two daughters: Chauncey B., Ira, John, Sophronia and Jane. Chauncey married Sally, daughter of Squire Adams of Skaneateles, for his first wife, by whom he had seven children: John S., living in Savannah, Wayne Co., N. Y. ; and James A., in Mohawk, N. Y. ; Saxton A., the oldest son, died in Elbridge in 1892 ; two daughters died in 1860 and the other children when quite young. _The mother died in 1844, and Mr. Laird married second Lucretia, daughter of Samuel Mills, who came to Elbridge from Albany Co. in 1827. There were five sons and six daughters in the Mills family, but two now living: Mrs. Laird and Mrs. David Par sons. William, a well-known farmer and contractor, died in 1877, and Ann S. in 1891. By this marriage there were five children: Mina E., who died in 1872 at the age of 28; Julie E., wife of Rev. J. C. Nichols of Syracuse; two died young. The FAMILY SKETCHES. 143 father died in 1873. He was an active and influential man in town and county affairs. He was noted for his broad hospitality and liberal support of all good works. Our subject, Charles W., married Ella, daughter of W. C. Rodger of Jordan. They lost their only daughter, Bertha A., in 1892, aged 14; they have one son, Rodger William, born March 25, 1895. Lankton, Alonzo, Elbridge, is a son of James B. , who came from Monroe Co. about 1810, and the latter was a son of James of New Jersey. James B. married Maria Cox of New Jersey, and they had nine children: John, Clark, Alonzo, Lyman, James B., jr., Lydia Ann, Mary, Marcia and William. All live in Elbridge and vicinity except William, who resides in Michigan, and Lyman, who lives in Monroe Co. Alonzo married Mary, daughter of Anthony and Elizabeth Johnson, of Massa chusetts and Rhode Island, respectively. They moved to their present farm of 220 acres in 1852. Their children are as follows: Mrs. John Cox of Hannibal; Emma; Elizabeth, died young; James B. , who married Grace Quereau, and has one daugh ter, Mary ; Mrs. George Young of Onondaga Valley, who has one daughter, Lora May; and Clara. James B. , sr., died in 1835, and his wife in 1881. Mr. Lankton has served as road commissioner nine years, and as excise commissioner the same length of time. He holds the latter office at the present time. Markell, Peter Y'., Elbridge, was born at Jack's Reef, town of Elbridge, Jan., 1857. His father, John, was reared at Fort Herkimer and belonged to an old German family; his mother, Priscilla Boyce, of Snell's Bush, same county. They came to Elbridge in 1830. The father of John was Henry, whose father was John, whose father was Jacob Markell, a native of Germany, who with his two brothers, John and Andrew, swore allegiance to Great Britain, and under Sir William Johnson came to America in 1738 and settled some time afterwards, John in Schoharie, Jacob in Montgomery; Andrew went to Prescott, Canada, where he settled, and their descendants have remained in the same locality, with a few exceptions, ever since. Regarding the Elbridge family, Priscilla Boyce was the wife of two brothers Mar kell, Henry and John. By the first marriage there were four children: James C. , who married Sarah Killmer and lives in Jordan ; Mrs. John Crawford of Plainsville ; Mrs. Richard Kelsey of Jack's Reef; Andrew, who married Alice Sayles of Lysan der, and resides in Van Buren. Henry Markell died in 1850, and his brother John married his widow. They had two children: John H., who married Mary Marvin of Van Buren, and Peter V., who was educated at Jordan Academy, learned the jeweler's trade, at which he worked in Jack's Reef, Lysander and Syracuse. He married Minnie A. Borke of Erie Co., and their children are Ella May, James P., Frances A., Edith P. and Reynold B. He moved to Jordan in 1883, and has been interested in the cigar and tobacco trade, and carries on a drug and jewelry business at the present time. Nicholson, Enoch C, Elbridge, was born in Elbridge in 1826. His father was William, son of John Nicholson, a native of Londonderry, Ireland, born in 1779. His parents came to Philadelphia about 1748, and afterwards went to Nova Scotia. In 1790 Will iam went into the British Navy, and deserted to join the Americans, serving two years. He then shipped as a whaler, and later engaged in the West Indies trade; The ship, of which he was third owner, was captured as a prize by the British dur- 144 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. ing the war of 1812, and he escaped by swimming four miles to an American vessel. After this he served on an American privateer, and was captured the second time. He lay in Halifax jail eleven months, and came to Elbridge, then Camillus, in 1818. He married first Jane Boothby, who died soon after coming to this town, and his second wife was Sally Goodrich, by whom he had six children, all now deceased ex cept John, who lives in Wisconsin, and Enoch. His second wife died in 1830, and William married again Mrs. Isabel Stevenson, who died in 1864, William having died in 1857. Enoch was reared in Elbridge, and has always resided here. He married first Eliza Morgan, and had three children, one of whom, Chauncey E., lives in Kan sas. Enoch spent four years in California in the mines, returning in 1857. He mar ried second Jane Carrier, and they had these children : Elizabeth, who died aged 18 ; ' William G. , who married Edna Holway, and lives on the homestead ; and Louise, a graduate of Syracuse University, who is preceptor of the high school at Somerset, Ky. Mr. Nicholson has served as assessor eighteen years. He is a member of no church but a Presbyterian in sentiment, and is greatly interested in the Onondaga Historical Society. Pickard Family, Elbridge. — Joseph Pickard brought his family from Germany in 1790, and settled in Newburgh, this State. Twenty years later he came to Elbridge, and was the ancestor of all that name who have since lived in the town. He reared five sons and three daughters, all of whom settled about the old home, in the north east part of the town. The parents died here. Reuben, the oldest son, was born in Jan., 1793, while his parents were living in Newburgh. He married Katherine Kel ley, and reared seven children. Of these Abraham and William live at Peru ; Mrs. Lewis Remington in Van Buren ; Mrs. Harlow Holcomb in Michigan ; James died in 1856; Mrs. Abram Spaulding died in 1864; and the parents died in 1852 and 1838 re spectively. Abram Pickard was born in 1826, and always lived in the town of Peru, attending district school with his brothers and sisters. He married Mary J,, daugh ter of Henry Markell, and of his children Henry married Lucy Whipple and lived at Peru, and had two children, Abram and Jenny ; and Lewis married Mina Fenner, and had two sons, Myron and Lewis. William K. Pickard married Margaret A., daughter of Jacob Halstead. He reared one son, Francis E., who became a member of the firm of Pickard & Co. , which had a large farm and a general grocery and pro vision store, with a good canal trade. Francis married Cynthia Chappel of Cato. William K. lost one daughter in infancy. The Pickards are all Republicans. Will iam was postmaster under Hayes and Arthur, and Francis under Harrison. Myron S. , son of Abram and Mary (Markell) Pickard, was born at Peru, town of Elbridge, in 1849 and has always lived there. He married Mary Wolfe, a native of Germany, who came when a child with her parents to Peru. Her father, William Wolfe, died there in 1858, and her mother in 1867. Mr. Pickard has a farm and a cider mill, which does a large business. Rickard, Jbhn, Elbridge, was born in England in 1827, and reared on a farm. His parents were Benjamin and Hannah Rickard. They spent their lives in England, and had five children besides our subject: Mary, Elizabeth, William, George, and Benjamin, the latter three comiug to Jordan prior to 1850, in which year John came. All had good farms east of the village, that of our subject comprising 140 acres. The latter married Maria, daughter of John Durston of Lysander, by whom he had four FAMILY SKETCHES. 145 children, one daughter dying in infancy. Horace D. fitted himself at Jordan Acad emy and Oneonta Normal School for the teacher's profession, Herbert J. and Clara staying at home. The Richards support the Episcopalian church. Skutt, George A., Elbridge, was born in Elbridge in 1860, a son of Ezra, also born and reared in this town, whose father was William, who married a Miss Hobart and came to this State about 1820 from Massachusetts, settling in Jefferson Co. Ezra married Melissa Davis, by whom he had five children: William, George, Ezra, and Mrs. Edward Y'an Dusen, all living in this town, and Arthur, who resides in War ners. Ezra moved to Cayuga Co. in 1893; George married Carrie, daughter of Will iam Cooper of Elbridge, her mother being a daughter of Dr. David Wilson, well known to all older residents. Mr. Skutt has a good sixty-acre farm, and his family consists of two sons, Clarence and David. The family are Presbyterians. Salisbury, Charles F. , Elbridge, son of Levi and Nancy (Taylor) Salisbury, was born in Oswego in 1852. His father came to Jefferson Co. , and was a farmer by occupation, having a family of four sons and two daughters. He died in Nov., 1878, and his wife in Jan., 1881. Charles F. came to Elbridge in 1878 and in Jan., 1888, married Minnie, daughter of Newman Crossett. She was born and reared in this town, and the Salisburys live on the old Crossett homestead. Newman Crossett came from Oswego Co. to Elbridge in 1832, and there died. Mr. and Mrs. Salisbury have four children : Mary Louise, Newman C, Carl Levi, and Edith E. The family attend the Baptist church. Stevens, W. T. , Elbridge, was born near Jordan, town of Elbridge, in 1844, a son of Thomas Stevens, born in Washington Co. in 1803, and came with an uncle to On ondaga Co. in 1816, driving a team there. He spent the most of his last 70 years in the town of Elbridge. In 1831 he married Eliza Clark of Skaneateles, daughter of Eli Clark, and their five children were Mrs. H. B. Daggett of Brookfield, Mo. (de ceased); Edmund B., who died in the army at Winchester Hospital; one son and daughter died in childhood. Thomas Stevens's farm was situated two miles north east of Jordan, and there he died in 1885. His first wife and the mother of his chil dren died in 1847. In 1849 he married Martha J., daughter of Brigham Mills of Skaneateles, formerly of Massachusetts, who died in 1893. W. T. Stevens was reared on his father's farm, and in 1871 married Kate, daughter of Harmon Parmelee, and reared four children: Edmund P., George T. , Eliza M. , and Sarah K. Simmons, Albert W. , Elbridge, was born in Chemung Co. in 1827, a son of Jacob and Mary (Hewitt) Simmons, natives of Rensselaer Co., who came to Skaneateles in 1828. There they resided and in Niles, Cayuga Co. , until 1860, when he removed to a farm in the southwest part of Elbridge: They reared three sons and three daugh ters, all of whom grew to maturity. Albert married Margaret Sinclair, of a Scotch family living in New Hope, town of Niles, and they had five children: Mrs. James Barber, of Fulton; Mrs. Edward Newell, of Skaneateles; and Orville H., Jacob, and Margaret, all at home. Mr. Simmons enlisted in 1861 in the 75th N. Y. Vols., and served through the Virginia campaign, over three years. He draws a good pension. Mr. Simmons has a fine place of fifty-four acres. Tyler, Jared W., Elbridge, was born in Marcellus in 1816, a son of Samuel and a, 146 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. grandson of Samuel, sr. , who came from Connecticut in 1794. There was a large family of sons of Samuel, sr., three of whom went to Michigan, the others spending , their lives in Marcellus. Samuel, sr. , died in 1825. Samuel, jr. , married Tabitha Whiting of Connecticut in 1810, whose family had settled near Split Rock. Of their five sons, Ralph died in Ohio, John, a physician, died in Massachusetts in 1845, George died in Michigan in 1890, Giles died when a child. The parenfs died in 1844 and 1864 respectively. Jared lived in Marcellus until 1855, when he came to El bridge and bought a farm north of Jordan. He was the last of his family to live at Tyler Hollow in that town. He married Grace L. Whitney in 1840, and they had three children: John H., who has two daughters, Grace A., and Bertha M., of Jor dan ; George S. , a railroad man at St. Louis, and Alvaretta, who died in 1865, aged twenty-three. His, wife, who was born in Marcellus in 1818, died in 1865. Mr. Tyler's second marriage was with Julia A. Perine of Ira, in 1867. He remained on his farm till 1884, then sold it and retired to Jordan. Tucker, Dr. Charles F., Elbridge, was born in Jordan Feb. 3, 1864, a son of Charles H., a native of Jefferson Co., and a son of Dr. Samuel Tucker, whose father was a British naval officer. Dr. Samuel Tucker married a Miss Laura Pardee of Sharon, Conn., and was for many years a U. S. army surgeon, being stationed at Sackett's Harbor,. N. Y. In 1821 he was living at Rutland, Jefferson Co., N. Y., where Charles H. was born. Later he came to Elbridge village and conducted a hotel until 1838, when he moved to Jordan and opened a drug store, resuming prac tice in 1843. He died in 1857, and Charles H. succeeded him in the business. He married Silvana Northrup, whose father was for many years rector of Christ church, Jordan. Their children were: Mrs. John W. Stewart, of Dulufh, Minn., and Dr. Charles F. He married Laura Newell, daughter of Asa Newell, who died within a year after marriage in 1888. In 1890 he married Mrs. Mary E., widow of Robert Dykes of New York. She had a son Robert. Dr. Charles F. Tucker was educated in the drug business, after finishing his common school education at Jordan Acad emy. He attended the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons one session and graduated in medicine from the medical department of the University of Buf- »falo in 1894. He is an Odd Fellow, and a Mason as also was his father and grand father, and he and his family belong to the Episcopal church. Tullar, Simon R., Elbridge. — His grandfather moved from Mohawk /Flats, near Utica, to Mexico, Oswego Co., in 1809, when Oren Tullar, Simon's father, was eight een years of age. Oren married Polly Kelsey of that town, and raised a family of six sons and four daughters. Two of the sons came to this county, Chasl F. settling in Syracuse, and Simon, who was born in 1819, came to Jordan in 1844. He after wards lived in Weedsport five years, and married Sarah J. Clark, of Brutus. He then returned to Jordan. The Clark family were among the early settlers of Onon daga Y^alley, and came to Jordan in the forties. The family of Simon Tullar con sisted of Chas. H., who went to Michigan; John D., who married Julia, daughter of Nelson Mills, of the Mills family in Marcellus, and is a commercial traveler, living in Jordan; and Mrs. Jared H. Whiting of Jordan. Mr. Whiting died in 1893. Mrs. Simon Tullar died in 1888. Mr, Tullar began voting for "Tippecanoe" Harrison, and has lost but one vote since, FAMILY SKETCHES. 147 Watts, John P., Elbridge, is a native of Westchester Co., where he was born in 1858. His father, John S. , was born in Northampton, England, and his mother was Martha Pexton, of Yorkshire, England, both of whom came to this county in 1850 and settled in Westchester Co. Several years later the family went to Illinois where they engaged in farming, and where the father died after about a year in that State in 1860. The mother with her two children, John P. and daughter, now Mrs. Fred Arnold, returned to Syracuse, and the mother married Cornelius Cooper of Jordan, and died in 1887. John P. lived in the Cooper family for a time. He married Annie, daughter of William Rickard and their children are: W. Herbert, Frances and Mary Elizabeth. In 1881 Mr. Watts bought the Dr. Hamilton farm of seventy- one acres, where he now resides. Wright, Truman K. and Norman F. , Elbridge, were twin sons of Preserved and Jemima (King) Wright, and were born in Vermont in 1815, the youngest of twelve children. Their father died when they were eight years old. In spite of difficulties they secured a good common school education, and at the age of seventeen both were teaching. Three years later both entered Middlebury College, from which they graduated with honors. Since then Truman has taught in New Hampshire seven years, in Pompey six years, in Jordan five years, and for thirty-four years was principal of the Munro Collegiate Institute, at Elbridge, N. Y., retiring in 1892. In 1846 he married Martha Bridgman of Hanover, N. H. Their children are: E. C, a lawyer of Syracuse; Dr. H. B., of Skaneateles; Ada, a teacher in the High School at Syracuse ; and Fred T. , a medical student. At the seventieth anniversary of the birthday of himself and brother, who had also followed teaching all his life, a recep tion was given them at Houghton Seminary, Clinton, N. Y. The following letter was received from the Chancellor of the Regents of the University of the State of New York: Albany, March 26, 1885. Messrs. T. K. and N. F. Wright, Gentlemen: The Board of Regents have learned with great pleasure of the remarkable meeting proposed to be held1 at Clinton on the 27th of March inst. , being the 70th birthday of you and each of you. They are deeply interested in the well being of every man who is actively engaged in the work of education ; much more for two twin brothers who have served- so faithfully, and at this advanced age still have the vigor of manhood, the pleasure of continued service, and the reward of well doing. Dr. Watkins, the assistant secretary, will represent the Board, and will bear with him our hearty congratulations and grateful recognition of your valuable services in the cause' of education, and will in behalf of the Board present you with a very slight testimonial of our regard. I am, gentlemen, with profound respect, Your obedient servant, H. R. Pierson, Chancellor. Professor Wright is held in high esteem by the hundreds of students he has in structed in Onondaga Co. during the forty-five years of his administration, and by the entire community where he has lived. Bramer, Lewis, Fabius, was born in Fabius, Dec. 20, 1840, a son of Lewis and Mary (Wallis) Bramer, the former a native of Orange Co., born in 1803, and the lat ter born in Rensselaer Co. the same year. George, the grandfather of Lewis, jr., 148 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. was born in Germany, and with his wife Sally came to America, settled in Orange Co., where he died; his wife died in Fabius several years later. Lewis, father of our subject, was a worker in wood, and came to Fabius from Madison Co. in 1837, where he died Sept. 20, 1868, at the- age of 65, and his wife nearly three years later, aged 68. Lewis, jr., lived most of the time in Fabius until the breaking out of the war in 1861, when he enlisted as a musician in the 12th N. Y. Vols., serving until July 18, 1862, when he was discharged. He also spent a year in the oil regions of Pennsylvania. Early in life he learned blacksmithing, which he followed several years. In Jan., 1868, he married Lydia A., daughter of Daniel and Mabel (Andrews) Joslin. In Jan. , 1869, he moved to Little Falls, where he was engaged in the manu facture of the Warrior mower until Jan., 1873, when he went to Prescott, Ontario, where he remained four years, taking charge of the works of the Warrior Mower Co. of Canada. In 1877 he returned to Fabius and engaged in the manufacture of agricultural implements, which he followed for two years, when he sold out and went to Detroit, Mich. , to take charge of the machinery in a large cheese and barrel hoop mill, but the business not being to his liking he returned in the fall, bought a half in terest in the hardware business of Thomas McElligott, and in the spring of 1880 bought the other half, which was destroyed by fire in Dec. , 1882. The next season he rebuilt, carried on the business until Oct., 1889, when he took as a partner his son, John L. , and the business has since been carried on by them under the firm name of L. Bramer & Son. Mr. Bramer was one of the first trustees of Fabius vil lage, and has been elected three terms as president and several as treasurer. He was also town clerk frpm 1879 to 1885, and is now serving his second term as justice of the peace, to which he was elected in 1889 for four years and re-elected in 1893. He is a member of the G. A. R. , having been for several years commander of Allen Post No. 54; he is also a Mason. He has had four children: John L., born Nov. 18, 1868 ; Charles E. , born Aug. 20, 1870, who died May 17, 1878 ; Arthur J. , born March 29, 1875, now a druggist of Norwich, N. Y. ; Irving D., born July 17, 1887. Blaney, John J., Fabius, was born in Tully, Sept. 8, 1838, a son of John and •Charity A. (Finch) Blaney, he born in Rensselaer Co., town of Nassau, in 1806, and his wife born in the town of Sandlake in 1812. The grandfather was David Blaney, a captain in the war of 1812. The father of our subject came to Tully about 1830, and ten years later came to what is now Summit Station. He owned a grist mill, and a farm of 200 acres. He gave an acre of ground for the railroad station, and assisted largely in building the road. He served in many of the local offices, and was a prominent man of his town. It was through his influence that the first post- office was established, and he served as supervisor of his town. His death occurred in 1871 and that of his wife in 1880. Our subject was two years old when he came to Summit Station, and he was reared on the farm and worked in the grist mill, learning milling, which he followed several years. About 1860 J. J. and his father established a flour, feed and grocery store in connection with the mill, the firm being Blaney & Son. This continued several years and until 1870. when John J. bought the store and engaged in the mercantile business, and has had a very successful busi ness ever since. Mr. Blaney owns a fine place near Summit Station and follows gen eral farming also. In 1864 he married Emma Morehouse, who died in 1872, and in 1874 he married H. Minerva Skeele, and has had one son, Edwin J., born Jan. 20, FAMILY SKETCHES 149 1882. Mr. Blaney has always been a Republican, and has served as postmaster for over thirty-two years up to 1894, being the only postmaster the place has ever had. He was elected justice of the peace, but resigned after a year's service. He has also served nine years as supervisor, and was elected chairman of the Board of Super visors for the year 1882, and was a member of the committee on county roads in 1894. Barnard, James G., Fabius, was born in Cazenovia, Nov. 14, 1844, a son of Gurdin and Polly (Gage) Barnard of Cazenovia, and Oneida Co., respectively. The former died June 11, 1878, aged 63 years, and his widow survives him, living at Cazenovia. The grandparents of James G. were William and Polly (Chapman) Barnard of Oneida Co., where William died, his widow having died in Cazenovia. Our subject was educated in the public schools, and in 1868 married Judith L., daughter of George and Polly (Merrill) Wallace. Ephraim, father of George W. , was one of the pioneers of Fabius. George Wallace died in 1889, and his widow resides with Mr. Barnard. The latter and wife have had four children: George L., who is a clerk with D. McCarthy & Co. of Syracuse, being manager of the hat department. He married Charlotte, daughter of Dr. H. T. Dana of Cortland, and has one son, Dana W. ; Mae C, married Jan. 7, 1895, to John Arthur Fuggle, son of Robert Fuggle, a farmer of Pompey; both father and mother came from England; James F. and Edith M., who reside at home. Mr. Barnard was engaged in farming at Cazenovia until 1870, when he moved to Fabius. He owns one farm of 165 acres, and another of seventy-five acres, mostly devoted to dairying. He has served as assessor sixteen years. Collins, S. P., Fabius, was born in Fabius, March 22, 1816, son of Sylvanus and Wiloby (Horton) Collins, natives of Vermont, who came to Fabius in 1800. Their children, were S. P., Polly (Collins) Tenny, died in 1842, aged 38 years; Anna (Collins) Rowley, died in 1871, aged 66 years; Hiram Collins, died in 1881, aged 71 years ; Anson Collins, died in 1878, aged 65 years. Sylvanus died at the age of 86, and his wife at the age of 78. S. P. Collins was educated in the public schools and has been engaged in buying and selling produce for forty years, but his chief occu pation has always been farming, owning seventy-six acres. In 1839 he married Sarah E. Wheelock, daughter of Bradshaw and Lydia Wheelock of the town of Fabius, and they had three children: Mary, wife of Hiram Clark of Summit Station, who has one son, Arthur; Sarah, widow of James Miles; Millie A., wife of W. B. Waters, of Syracuse. James Miles was born in Tully in 1844, a son of Piatt and Roxanna (Gilbert) Miles, natives of Fabius and Tully, respectively. The father of Piatt was Nathaniel Miles, mentioned elsewhere in this work. Piatt resided in Fabius, but spent his last days in Tully, and his wife died in Summit Station. The oldest child of Nathaniel Miles was Cynthia, born in Manlius in 1796. James Miles was reared to farm work, educated in the public schools and was a Republican in politics. He died Aug. 28, 1873. Clark, Hiram, Fabius, was born in Fabius, March 21, 1838, a son of Isaiah and Olive (Kinney) Clark, natives of Onondaga >Co., the grandfather having been one of the early settlers of the locality. Hiram Clark was reared on the farm, educated in the common schools, and is possessed of 103 acres of fine farming land, together with 150 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. a house and lot at Summit Station, where he has resided seven years, having been engaged with W. H. S. Green in the chair factory. In 1861 he married Mary C, daughter of S. P. Collins, and they have one child, Arthur D. Mr. Clark enlisted in Co. A, 23d N. Y. Vols., served three months, and. was discharged on account of sickness. Clark, Lyman W. , Fabius, was born in Fabius, Nov. 14, 1841, a son of Lyman and Delilah (Woodruff) Clark, natives of Fabius and Connecticut, respectively. The grandfather, Simeon Clark, also of Fabius, was a son of Ransom Clark, the first set tler of the town. The father of our subject died in Fabius in 1841, aged 35 years, and his wife in 1889, aged 82 years. Lyman W. is a carpenter by trade, but has chiefly followed farming. He has taken an active part in local affairs, and has served as constable. He is also serving his second year as poormaster. In 1866 he mar ried Emma F. Sears of Lagrange Co., Ind., daughter of Solomon and Charlotte (Whedon) Sears of Onondaga Co. The father of Solomon was Daniel Sears, who came to Camillus in an early day, and later to Fabius, where he died. Solomon Sears died Jan. 9, 1872, his wife having died eight days previous. The great-great grandfather of Lyman W. was a native of Scotland, from which country he came with a brother and settled in Connecticut in a very early day. Clark, Henry H., Fabius, was born in Fabius March 5, 1823, son of William and Clarrissa (Webster) Clark, both natives of Fabius. The mother died in 1826, and the father in 1873. The grandfather, -William C, was a native of Connecticut, and one of the first seven who came to the town of Fabius, and helped cut the road from Pompey Hill to Fabius; he owned land near Fabius village, where he died. He was a soldier in the Revolution. Henry H. was reared on a farm and has always followed farming, now owning about 1,000 acres of fine land, besides property in ¦Syracuse. He has a half interest in the grist mill at Fabius, and an interest in the creamery, being president of same. He has taken some interest in politics, having served as supervisor two years. In 1849 he married Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel and Charlotte (Godden) Sherwood, of Connecticut and New York city respectively, but early settlers of Otisco, where Mrs. Clark was born in 1823, and of which locality her grandparents, Bradley and Catharine Sherwood were pioneers. Mr. and Mrs. Clark have had these children: Rosella J., wife of Wilson M. Wallace who have one daughter, Ina E., and one son George H. C. Wallace; George W., who married Ida E. Soule, have two daughters, Maud E. and Pearle ; Myron H. Clark married Eliza Corcoran, they have two daughters, May B. and Louie E. ; Louis H. married Ella M. Galpin, he is engineer in J. C. Carter's building, Syracuse, and they have one son, Henry H. and daughter, Margueritta. Chase, Henry W. , Fabius, was born in Fabius, Jan. 6, 1853, a son of Darius and Amy (Coon) Chase, natives of Connecticut and Madison Co. respectively. The great grandfather of our subject was Samuel Chase, who came from Massachusetts, and settled on Arab Hill, being one of the very first settlers of the town. He lived to an old age, and died in 1858. George Chase, grandfather of Henry W. , was a carpen ter, and erected the house now owned by our subject. He married Laura Cowles, of Cowles Settlement. Darius Chase followed farming, and his death occurred in 1883, and his widow married J. C. Bailey. Henry W. was educated in Delphi High School and De Ruyter Academy, and at the age of seventeen years began teaching FAMILY SKETCHES. 151 school, which he followed seven years. He now owns 100 acres of land, making a specialty of raising hay. In 1880 he married Melinda, daughter of Edward Bryant of Ontario, Canada, and they have two children, Annie Maud and Ella May. Mr. Chase is a member of De Ruyter Lodge, No. 692, F. & A. M. Dwyer, Dennis, Fabius, was born in Truxton, Cortland Co., June 6, 1860, a son of John and Margaret (Corcoran) Dwyer of Ireland, who came to America in 1850 and settled in Fabius. The grandparents of our subject were Thomas and Kate (Cor coran) Dwyer, of Ireland, who emigrated to this country and settled first at James ville, and later in Fabius, where they died. Dennis has always followed farming, his property consisting of 250 acres, mainly devoted to dairying. Sept. 8, 1881, he married Johanna Heffern of Fabius, and they have had eight children : Maggie F. , born Aug. 1, 1882; Ella L., born Sept. 14, 1883; John D., born Nov. 8, 1884; Daniel M.. born March 29. 1886; Mary Louis, born Jan. 8, 1888; Edward, born Feb. 12, 1889; Leonard, born Jan. 21, 1891; and Thomas J., born Oct. 2, 1892. Squire, Erskine, Fabius, was born in Fabius, Sept. 8, 1825, the youngest of ten children of Jonathan and Johanna (Holmes) Squire, he a native of Massachusetts, and she of Truxton. Mr. Squire came to Fabius on foot from Massachusetts, being one of the first settlers, and here he died in 1858, and his wife in 1836. He married after ward a Mrs. Polly Hills, by whom he had one daughter. Erskine Squires was edu cated in the common schools, and has followed farming, owning sixty acres of land. In 1846 he married Maria Stannard, a native of Fabius, and a daughter of Jesse and Caroline Stannard, the former of Herkimer Co,, and the latter of Fabius. Mr. Stan nard came to Fabius at the age of twelve years and here died in 1869. His wife died March 4, 1894, aged 83. Mr. and Mrs. Squires have had three children: a daughter who died in infancy, Warren E., a farmer of La Fayette, and Clarence, who is man ager of the Tully Creamery. French, D. Webster, Fabius, was born in Tully, Aug. 19, 1847, a son of Russell C. and Fidelia (Mosher) French. The grandparents were Andrew and Amy French, early settlers of Tully, where they died. Russell C. served his town as assessor twelve years. He came from Tully to Fabius and resided on the farm now owned by Mrs. Ella Mills, and finally came to the place now occupied by his son D. Webster, where he died March 22, 1876, and his wife March 2, 1859. Our subject was educated in Cazenovia Seminary and Cortland Academy, and after finishing his studies took up farming. He owns a fine place of 104 acres, where he follows farming and dairying. He erected the building on his place including the residence, and in 1868 married Elvira Wilcox, a native of Oswego Co., by whom he has one child, Berdena, born Aug. 7, 1877, who lives at home. Mrs. French was a daughter of Jacob and Harriet (Wood) Wilcox, natives of La Fayette and Oswego Co. respectively. Her father died in La Fayette in 1893, and his wife in 1879. Gallinger, Noah W., Fabius, was born in Niagara Falls, Canada, Dec. 15, 1844, a son of Henry and Sarah A. Gallinger, mentioned elsewhere. He came with his pa rents to Fabius at the age of nine, and at the age of thirteen began work at the car penter trade, which he has always followed, being now a contractor and builder. In 1864 he married Amelia Woodruff, adopted daughter of John Daniels of Fabius, and they have had seven children: Annie B.. who died in infancy; George H., 152 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. who also died in infancy; Elizabeth, who was educated at Fabius High School and Cortland State Normal School, and is teaching at Cold Spring, Putnam Co. ; John H. , a contractor and builder of this town ; Hattie, who at the present time resides with her sister at Cold Spring; Robert L.. also a carpenter by trade, who is attending the High School at Fabius; and Nora, who resides at home, The family are members of the I. O. G. T. Gallinger, Reuben, Fabius, was born in Ontario, Canada, March 10, 1832, a son of Michael and Margaret (Cryderman) Gallinger of Cornwall, Canada, where they died. The family is of German extraction, the parents of Michael having been George and Catharine Gallinger, natives of Johnstown, N. Y. , who removed to Canada after the Revolution and received a grant of land, for loyalty to the crown. Reuben was reared on a farm in Canada, where he began his business career as a farmer, the place comprising 190 acres. In 1874 he settled in Fabius, buying the old Moore farm. This he sold later and bought the Hamilton place of 540 acres. This he sold to his sons, S. R. & F. Gallinger (mentioned elsewhere), and went to Cortland to educate his children in the Normal School. Four years later he returned to Fabius and purchased 330 acres, where he has since lived, keeping a large dairy. He mar ried Ellen M., daughter of Samuel and Catharine (Cook) Weagant, and they have had eight sons: Charles M.,born in 1854, Herman S. , who died young; Wallace A., who died in 1881 aged twenty-three; Franklin, born in 1860; Samuel R. , born in 1863 ; Ernest, born in 1865 ; Herbert P. , born in 1869, a graduate of Amherst Col lege, and now principal of Oxford Academy, Chenango Co. ; Reuben, born in 1872, who is in the general mercantile business in Apulia. Gallinger, S. R. & F., Fabius, sons of Reuben and Ellen Gallinger, mentioned elsewhere, are both natives of Ontario, Canada, Samuel born Jan. 8, 1865, and Franklin, born, Nov. 8, 1860. They were both reared on a farm and educated in the High School of Fabius. They took up farming, and later bought their father's farm of 540 acres, which they conducted jointly. S. R. Gallinger married Cora Newman, daughter of Carleton and Emma Newman of Pompey and has one son, Wendell N. Frank married Mary Chase, widow of W. A. Gallinger, his brother, and they have had four children : Floyd D., Mabel E., Gertrude A., and Mary E. The brothers make a specialty of dairying and hay growing for market, and are also extensive dealers in hay, handling from one to two thousand tons annually, which they press and ship,1 and keeping a dairy of fifty cows. They are attendants of the M. E. Church, and take an active interest in local affairs. Greene, William H. S., Fabius, was born in Schenectady Co., Feb. 10, 1839, the youngest of six children of Israel R. and Rebecca (Coley) Greene, natives of Dutch ess and Schenectady counties respectively. The grandfather was Robert Greene, a native of Rhode Island, who was related to General Greene of Revolutionary fame. The father of our subject went to Schenectady county when a boy and engaged in the manufacture of lumber and also of woolen goods, having had an extensive busi ness. He was prominent in local affairs, and about 1848 served as member of assem bly. He died in 1857, and his wife in 1870. William went to Fulton county after completing his studies, and engaged in lumbering, and soon after went to Wisconsin. remaining a year. He enlisted, from Chicago, in Aug., 1862, in Co. C, 3d Marine Artillery, serving eight months. He returned to Schenectady county after this, and FAMILY SKETCHES. 153 then went to Spafford, thence to Summit Station, where he worked at lumbering again, and later rented the mills of Mr. Skeele. They were burned but rebuilt in 1871. Mr. Greene built his present mills and engaged in the manufacture of lumber and cheese boxes, firm Miles & Greene. Mr. Miles sold his interest to Mr. Sturde- vant, and in 1875 they began the manufacture of Excelsior chairs the firm being known as Greene & Sturdevant. In 1879' the latter sold to Hotaling & Clark. After various changes the firm is now known as Greene & Hotaling. They average about 25,000 chairs yearly and employ about forty hands. In 1868 Mr. Greene married Frances O., daughter of Abner Miller of Summit. She died in 1891. Hapgood, Charles H., Fabius, was born in Butler, Wayne Co., in 1848, a son of George G. and Marcia (McGraw) Hapgood, he a native of Petersham, Mass., born in 1804, and she born in Vermont. The grandfather, Eber Hapgood, was a native of Massachusetts, and there lived and died. The father of our subject was a teacher and also a preacher, being a graduate of Schenectady College. He taught school in Cazenovia six years and was principal of the Mexico Academy several years. He was afterwards professor in Belleville Seminary and Albert University, Canada. There he remained seven years, when he accepted a position of professor in Syracuse University. He was a very talented man, and translated the Bible into English from many of the ancient languages. He died May 19, 1876, and his wife died in - 1854. He was presiding elder of the Syracuse district from 1851 to 1854, and of Os wego district in 1855. Our subject was educated in various towns, his father being a minister, and began life as a clerk in Norwich, Chenango Co. He next clerked in Syracuse for a time, and then engaged in the dry goods business there for two years. In 1876 he came to Apulia and opened a general store, and excepting for two years continued there. He served as postmaster fifteen years. Mr. Hapgood died Jan. 8, 1895, of apoplexy. Hamilton, William L., Fabius, was born in Fabius June 21, 1856, a son of Hiram A. and Arvilla (Whitmarsh) Hamilton, natives of New Hampshire and Fabius re spectively. The grandparents were James and Rebecca Hamilton who came from New Hampshire and settled near Apulia, N. Y., in the town of Fabius. He finally settled in Chittenango, Madison Co. , and died at the age of 94. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. Hiram A. came to Fabius with his parents, where he was a suc cessful farmer, and died Jan. 9, 1886, at the age of 63 years, and his wife July 22, 1888. He was drafted in the war of the Rebellion, and furnished a substitute for three years in said war. He held the town office of assessor for nine years in succession. William L. was reared to farm work, educated in the common schools in Fabius and the Cazenovia Seminary, graduating from the latter in 1874, and taught school two years, after which he clerked one year in Apulia and four years in Fabius. He was for two years bookkeeper for Andrews Bros, in Syracuse, but at the death of his father took charge of the homestead of 186 acres, which he has since owned. He keeps a dairy of forty cows, which he lets with the farm. He is one of the stockholders, and is secretary and treasurer of the Fabius Creamery Co. , which manufactures both butter and cheese in large quantities and does a large business. He also holds the town office of justice of the peace. In May, 1888, Mr. Hamilton married Annie B., daughter of EJrnore and Ann (Stevens) Wheaton, and t 154 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. they have these children : Carlton H., born May 12, 1889; Irene E., born June 1, 1891 ; and William Elmore, born Nov. 23, 1893. Knapp, Thomas P., Fabius, was born in Monroe Co., Sept. 28, 1819, a son of James and Salina (Lamunyon) Knapp, of New York and Rhode Island respectively. He came to Monroe county in an early day, where he died in 1828, and his wife in 1867. Thomas P. was reared on a farm, and educated in the public schools. He went to Stockbridge, Madison Co. , and purchased a farm, and after fourteen years came to Fabius and bought the farm he now owns of 137^ acres, where he resided until 1882, when he came to Apulia and bought a place of three acres and built the house where he now lives. March 7, 1843, he married Hannah M. , daughter of Jonathan and Joanna (Holmes) Squires, early setters of Fabius, where the former died in 1857, and the latter in 1835. They had ten children. Mr. and Mrs. Knapp have had six chil dren: Leman and Lyman (twins), the latter deceased, William H., Emma, Frank W., and Sarah E., the latter dying in 1891. Knapp, E. H., Fabius, was born in Spafford, Sept. 20, 1847, the oldest of ten chil dren of S. C. and Elizabeth (Smith) Knapp, he born in Spafford in 1816, and she in Skaneateles in 1824. The paternal grandparents were Peter and Sabra (Babcock) Knapp, early settlers of Cortland Co. He died in 1875, and she in 1868. S. C, father of our subject, has always followed farming, except during ten years residence in Syracuse whither he went to educate his children. He now lives in Fabius. E. H. Knapp was educated in Cazenovia Seminary and Cortland Normal School, and for ten years taught school, then engaged with his brother in the poultry business. This continued several years at their first location, then E. H., buying a farm of 110 acres north of the village, fitted this second farm up in good condition as an addition to their former business, their large business in the fancy trade demanding this addi tion to their already extensive business. His specialties in fowls are White Leg horns and White Wyandottes. They also ship market eggs in large quantities. They took first prize on the highest scoring bird of any variety, at the World's Fair, and first and second premiums on breeding pen. They have taken highest award at thirty-two shows. Their trade extends all over this country and in foreign fields also. In 1872 he married Helen L. Potter, of Cuyler, ami they have had two chil dren: Walter C. and Jessie A. He has also served twelve years as justice of the peace. Knapp, William H., Fabius, was born in Stockbridge, Madison Co., July 28, 1848, a son of Thomas P. mentioned in this work. He was educated in Cazenovia Semi nary, after which he clerked in a store, taught school, then followed clerking in Apulia. He has also engaged in farming, which is his chief occupation, his land be- 'ing mainly devoted to fruit growing. He has taken a prominent part in local poli tics, having served as commissioner of highways, census enumerator, etc. In 1871 he married Sarah J. Robinson, born in Pompey, a daughter of John P. and Olive R. (Johnson) Robinson. Mr. and Mrs. Knapp have one son, Henry J., born in 1883. McEvers, William F. (deceased), Fabius, was born Oct. 8, 1841, in the town of Fabius, a son of James and Fidelia (Clark) McEvers, of this county, where they lived and died. William F. was reared on the farm and educated in the common schools, was a farmer, and owned sixty-two acres in Fabius. He married Victoria, FAMILY SKETCHES. 155 daughter of Russell C. and Fidelia (Mosher) French (see biography of D. W. French). Mr. McEvers died October 10, 1880, his widow residing in Summit Station, where she is a member of the M. E. church of that place. Her youngest brother, Clayton, was born Feb. 21, 1859, educated at the Onondaga Academy, and follows farming, owning eighty acres of fine land. Oct. 23, 1879, he married Mary Cole of La Fayette, and they have three children: Robert C, Russell H., and Ray V. Mason, H. D., Fabius, was born in Madison Co., Dec. 15, 1838, a son of Seth P. and Mary Ann (Ferrin) Mason, of Connecticut and Madison Co. respectively. The grandparents, Harvey and Esther Mason, were pioneers of Madison Co. where they died. Seth P. Mason died in 1890, aged 84, and his widow resides in Iowa. H. D. Mason was educated in the schools of Madison Co., and at the age of nineteen en gaged in farming. In 1866 he married Clara D. Glass of Fabius, and they have two sons, Fred G. and Charles H. Mr. Mason engaged in the bee business in 1865, which has continued ever since. He was in the drug store in Fabius one year, and carried the mail three years, on the route from Fabius to Summit, this being in con nection with his regular business. In 1886 he began breeding fine poultry, which he also now continues, in company with his two sons. They carry on farming in a small way, making a specialty of breeding Golden Wyandotte chicks. They have exhibited at the N. Y. State Fair five years and also at other fairs and poultry shows, and have taken more first premiums than all other competitors combined. They ship their honey to the out of town markets largely. Mrs. Mason has been in the millinery business since 1865. Miles, J. Monrovia, Fabius, was born in Fabius, Feb. 18, 1833, the oldest of six children of Smith and Polly (Wilcox) Miles, both of Fabius. The grandfather, Na thaniel, was born in Connecticut, and came to Fabius in an early day, about 1795, where he bought 640 acres of land, less fifty acres, and there he died. The great grandfather was Nathaniel Miles, of Revolutionary fame. Smith Miles died March 19, 1893, and his wife in April, 1865. Our subject was educated in the common schools, and owns 121 acres of land, including forty of the old homestead. In 1855 he married Marcutt Stannard of Fabius, by whom he had three children: Jessie, who died in infancy, Lincoln S., and Jessie 2d. Phillips, Job, Fabius, was born in Woodstock, Madison Co., Dec. 21, 185.4, only son of Harlo C. and Lovina (Whitmarsh) Phillips, he a native of Truxton, born No vember 23, 1819. The parents of Harlo were Joel and Patience (Seamons) Phillips, he of Massachusttts, and his wife of Vermont. The former was an early settler of Cuyler, and died in 1853. Harlo Phillips is a resident of the village of Fabius, where he has been in the meat market business, but is now retired, and his son Job is engaged in farming. The latter was reared on a farm, and has always been en gaged in that occupation and stock dealing, except for seven years, when he was in the meat market business. He now engages extensively in the dairy business, own ing about 150 cows, and makes a specialty of winter dairying. He has two silos of about 600 tons capacity. He also deals in horses. He married in 1876 Mary, daugh ter of Jonathan and Charlotte Wilcox of Fabius, and they have four children : Har low, Mabel, Lulu, and Myrtie. Rocks, F. W., Fabius, was born in Fabius, Feb. 16, 1853, a son of Jacob and 156 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Cynthia (Babcock) Rocks, both natives of Fabius. The grandfather of our subject was Jacob Rocks, who came to Fabius in an early day, where he lived and died. Jacob Rotks, jr., enlisted in 1864 in Co. C, 185th N. Y. Vols., and served till the close of the war, being present at Lee's surrender. He was a musician of the 5th Corps. F. W. Rocks was educated in Tully and -Homer, and has followed farming since leaving school. He owns 224 acres of farming land, and keeps a large dairy. At the age of eighteen he went to Kansas, remaining twelve years, and engaging in farming. In 1874 he married Josephine McBee, a native of Missouri, and a daugh ter of Phillip McBee, a native of Maryland, Mr. and Mrs. Rocks have had three children: Myron B., Florence B., and Philip J. The maternal grandfather of Mr. Rocks was Hiram Babcock of Rensselaer Co. , who came to Tully with his parents in 1802 and spent most of his life in Fabius, dying in Tully in 1871. His wife was Polly, daughter of Nathaniel Miles, who came into Fabius in 1796. Schoonmaker, Gilbert, Fabius, was born in Rosendale, Ulster Co., March 21, 1855, the oldest of five children of Frederick J. and Hannah L. (Thompson) Schoonmaker. , When the family came to Onondaga Co. our subject was six years of age. He re ceived his early education in Syracuse, and later learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked with his father for a number of years. They were also engaged in teaming and farming. Gilbert Schoonmaker died October 2, 1895, aged 71 years, 7 months and 15 days. In 1887 Mr. Schoonmaker took the mail and stage routes from Fabius to Summit Station, and from Fabius to Cuyler, which he has since con ducted. He also has a livery and is prepared to do anything in the line of teaming. He carries on a small farm near Fabius village. Sept. 7, 1889, he married Minnie E. (Cornue) Woodford, of Summit Station, a daughter of Rensford and Sallie (Lewis) Cornue. The maternal grandparents of Mrs. Schoonmaker were Harry and Mar garet (Waterbury) Lewis, both natives of this State, and the parents of Mr. Lewis were William and Sallie (Harris) Lewis, William having come from Vermont at the age of seven with his father, Jonathan, who bought a large tract of land in Fabius, where he spent his last days. H. H. Lewis, when young, was engaged in the cloth ing business, later took up farming, but now lives retired, His second wife was Lydia B. (Gilbert) Cooper, widow of Charles Cooper, who died Aug. 18, 1895. Our subject and wife have had four children: Harry F., Walter C. , Florence E., and James G. Stebbins, Edgar C, Fabius, was born in Fabius, Jan. 21, 1850, a son of Ebenezer and Betsey (Woodford) Stebbins, natives of Pompey, who came to Fabius in 1850, settling where Edgar C. now lives. Here the father died in 1859, and his widow, who has been twice married since, resides in Fabius at the age of 72. Our subject was reared on the farm, educated in the public schools, and is a Republican. In 1871 he married Hattie Johnson, a native of Pompey, by whom he has three chil dren: Charles, Carrie, and Flora. Mrs. Stebbins, mother of our subject, married Mr. Truman Penoyer, who was born in Fabius in 1816. Thayer, William D., M.D., Fabius, was born in Otsego Co., town of Otego, Feb. 8, 1830, and died in Fabius in 1887. He was a son of Chester and Sarah (Parsons) Thayer, both natives of Otsego Co., where they lived and died. Chester was a mill wright by trade, and also owned a large farm on which he spent his last days. The FAMILY SKETCHES. , 157 grandparents were pioneers of Otsego Co. Dr. Thayer was educated at Worcester Mass., and began practice at Skaneateles. After a year there he attended another course of lectures, and was then for twelve years located at Woodstock, where he has an extensive practice. He came to Fabius in 1866 where he practiced his profes sion with great success until he died. In 1851 he married Adaline D., daughter of Clark and Sarah (Allen) Morse of Laurens, Otsego Co. Her grandparents were Rufus and Rebecca Morse, and her great-grandparents came from England and set tled in Otsego Co. Mr. and Mrs. Thayer had two children: Adaline, who died in infancy ; and Emily, wife of. Miles Cummings, a druggist in the city of Syracuse. Mrs. Cummings resides in Fabius, carrying on a general drug business, which was left her at her father's death. In politics the family are Republicans, and in relig ion, Friends. Samuel Allen was once captured by the Indians, but on putting on his coat they recognized his faith, and he was released. Wheaton, Charles H., Fabius, was born in Fabius, June 12, 1849, a son of Elmore and Ann E. (Stevens) Wheaton, he a native of Tully, born in 1814, and his wife of Pompey, born in 1822. The grandfather, Sylvester Wheaton, was a native of Con necticut, born in 1783, married Avis Piatt and came to this State and to Tully in an early day, where he died in 1854, and his wife in 1858 respectively. The father of our subject left home at the age of eighteen and learned tailoring. In 1839 he came to the village of Fabius, and worked at his trade until 1852, when he engaged in mercantile pursuits. He was active in town affairs, serving as justice of the peace twenty-four years. He died Oct. 3, 1890, and his wife Nov. 18, 1879. Our subject was reared in the village and has always lived in the house he owns. He was in business with his father until March, 1884, when he bought his father out and has since conducted the business alone. He has served two terms as postmaster and always taken an active interest in political and town affairs. He also takes a lead ing part in church affairs, being a trustee and steward as well as a teacher in the Sunday school of his church, which is the M. E. The brothers and sisters of Mr. Wheaton are as follows: Mary, who married Rev. A. J. Lyon, a Baptist minister; Julia F. , who married Melvih Estes and removed to Nebraska, and later to Colo rado ; George F. , who married Minnie Brown, and resides in Jersey City ; and Annie B., who married William L. Hamilton, of Fabius. Mr. Wheaton is also president of the Fabius Cemetery Association, and has been notary public sin6e 1875. Webster, Howell N., Fabius, was born in Fabius, Jan. 7, 1839, a son of Lewis H. and Harriet (Negus) Webster, both of this town. The grandfather, Abel Webster, was born on Lake Champlain and about 1794 came to this town, where he died in 1853. His wife was Lydia Kinney, and theirs was the first white marriage in the locality. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. Lewis H. was a shoemaker by trade, and he and wife both reside in Fabius, where they celebrated their golden wedding some years ago. All their children and grandchildren except one are now living. Howell N. was reared in Fabius, educated in the common schools and Cazenovia Seminary, and worked on a farm till the age of twenty-one. He went to Chicago and graduated from the business college, and engaged as book-keeper for three years, after which he came to Fabius and engaged as cheesemaker with his father. After a short time he removed to Missouri, resided there for several years, then re turned to Fabius and lived on a farm for eighteen years, during which time he and 158 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. family traveled in Central New York as musicians, they being the well-known "Webster Family." In 1893 he came to the farm he now owns, comprising 100 acres, and owns also 175 acres near by. In 1865 he married Sarah Winegar, by whom he had six children : Anna B. , who was educated at Syracuse University, and graduated in 1889 ; Alice, who studied music in Syracuse, and the violin under Eich- burg of Boston, and Dr. Schultze of Syracuse; Mabel, also educated at Syracuse University, who studied the harp under Messrs. Chatterton of Chicago, and the violin under Conrad Becker, of Syracuse; Louis, who is now in Chicago; Mary and Grace, are at home. Mrs. Webster died March 10, 1891. Wallace, Wilson M., son of George and Polly Wallace, was born in Spafford, Jan. 19, 1846. He came to Fabius with his parents at the age of eight years and has lived in this town ever since. He received a course of instruction at the Ames Business College in Syracuse, but soon after took up the occupation of farming which he has since followed. In 1870 he bought a farm comprising 304 acres, upon which he is now located. At the age of eighteen he was drafted into the State militia, and served as lieutenant. May 12, 1866, his regiment was consolidated with another. Mr. Wallace has served as highway commissioner and taken an active interest in local affairs. In 1870 he married Rosella Jane, daughter of Henry H. and Elizabeth C. Clark, early settlers of Fabius. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Received her final school education at Onondaga Academy, at Onondaga Valley. Mr. and Mrs. Wallace are the parents of 'three children: Ina Elizabeth, born March 6, 1871, who was married to William Herbert Thomas, June 7, 1893; G. Clark, born Nov. 30, 1872, who died June 16, 1873 ; and George Henry Clark, born April 19, 1875. Mr. and Mrs. Wallace are the grandparents of Walter Herbert Thomas, born March 13, 1894. Wallis, Edward G. , Fabius, was born in Fabius, Sept 20, 1857, a son of George and Polly (Merrill) Wallis, he a native of Cazenbvia, born Sept. 2, 1814, and she of F'abi- us, born August 5, 1819. The grandparents of our subject were Ephraim and Judith (Cottrell) Wallis, the former born in Hoosac in 1793, who became a pioneer of Caze novia, but came to Fabius in an early day, where he bought a farm. His father was Elijah Wallis, born in Fairfield, Conn., 1749, married Dorcas Burdick, born in 1759. The father of our subject was the owner of 230 acres of land and was a prominent citizen of his town. He died May 17, 1889, and his wife survives him. Edward G. was born and reared on the farm and educated in the common schools and Skan eateles Union School. He has followed clerking in Decatur, Mich., and in Tully, but is now engaged in farming, owning 140 acres which he devdtes to dairying. He also takes an interest in local affairs, and is now serving his seventh term as as sessor. In 1879 he married Estella, daughter of James Cummings of Preble, whose father was one of the first settlers of that town. The wife of James Cummings was Cornelia Miles, daughter of Smith Miles, mentioned in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Wallis have one son, George J., 'born Jan. 3, 1882. Alexander, Smith, La Fayette, was born in La Fayette Jan. 28, 1827, a son of John and Maria (Smith) Alexander, born in 1806 and 1807 respectively. The grandfather was John Alexander, of New Marlborough, Mass., who came to La Fayette about 1795 and settled near where our subject now lives, where he died in 1845. His wife was Rachel Hine, who died in 1847. The father of our subject died Oct. 12, 1889, FAMILY SKETCHES. 159 and his widow is now living with our subject at the age of 88. Smith Alexander was educated in the public schools, and has always followed farming, now living on the homestead. John and Maria Alexander have three daughters: Polly, wife of John Hughes, of La Fayette; they have one son, Irvin A. ; Dolly M., wife of J. M. Babcock of West Niles, Cayuga Co. ; they have two children, Etta, deceased, and Jay A. ; Clarissa, who lives at home. Our subject is a Republican in politics. Bush, Ferdinand E., La Fayette, was born in La Fayette Dec. 11, 1849, only child of Lyman and Lucinda (Sutton) Bush, the former born in Steuben Co. in 1823. The grandfather was John, of Pompey, and his father was Conrad C. of Germany, who participated in the Revolutionary war, for which he received a grant of 640 acres in Pompey, where he settled. Lyman Bush died April 6, 1892, and his widow now re sides with our subject. The latter was educated in Pompey Academy, is engaged in farming, and now owns 195 acres. In 1876 he married Sarah L. , daughter of Hiram and Almeda H. (Benjamin) Hill, and they have had two children: Barton L. , born Feb. 2, 1878, and Burdette F., born in Feb., 1883. Bishop, Marshall A., La Fayette, was born in La Fayette, Aug. 5, 1859, a son of Thomas and. Jane (Harnden) Bishop, mentioned in this work. Our subject was ed ucated in the public schools, and for five years was employed as driver and conductor on the Salina street car line in Syracuse, but has chiefly followed farming, now own ing ninety-eight acres. Sept. 25, 1885, he was married on the Onondaga Co. Fair Ground, by Rev. T. E. Clapp, to Emma, daughter of Charles M. and Maria (Alexander) Knapp, early settlers of this town, where the father died Feb. 12, 1881. Mr. and Mrs. Bishop have three children: Frank A., born Feb. 6, 1887; Ernest M., born May 14, 1888; and Mildred V., born Feb. 17, 1894. Bishop, Thomas, La Fayette, was born in Kent, England, Feb. 15, 1821, a son of Samuel and Margaret (Hills) Bishop of England. Thomas was educated in the common schools, and came to La Fayette in 1852, and engaged in farm work, finally accumulating a, first-class property of his own, consisting of 265 acres. In 1852 he married Jane Harnden, who was born in Kent, England, Sept. 29, 1834, a daughter of George and Amy (Theobald) Harnden. Mr. and Mrs. Bishop have had eight children; George A., born June 27, 1853, married Nellie Price, and has three chil dren, William H., born Oct. 11, 1855, married Sophia Falch and has two sons; Marshall A., born Aug. 5, 1858, married Emma Knapp, and has three children: Lizzie J. , born Oct. 9, 1860, married Myron Baker,1 and has one daughter ; Raymond S., born Dec. 16, 1864, married Clara Scott, and has one child; Charles E. , born April 25, 1870; Emma A., born Sept. 25, 1872; and Jessie M., born July 17, 1876. Becker, James, La Fayette, was born in Saratoga, town of Half Moon, April 10, 1818, a son of Albert and Catharine (Goeway) Becker, the former, born in 1797, in Half Moon, and the latter in Saratoga. They came to La Fayette in 1827 where he settled on a farm. After the death of his wife he came to the village, and finally to Syracuse, and engaged in the jewelry business with his son, Daniel, but retired in 1854. He took a prominent part in politics, serving as justice of the peace and town clerk. Our subject was educated in La Fayette, and engaged in farming, finally purchasing the homestead of 100 acres, where he lived until 1854, when he went to Syracuse and engaged in the jewelry business with his brother Daniel, where be 160 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL remained ten years. About 1863 he and E. G. Lathrop formed, the company of Becker & Lathrop, but after a few years he sold again to his brother, and came to this town, where he has since resided. In 1841 he married Esther H. Bryant, of Chesterfield, Mass., born in 1816, by whom he had two children: Albert, born in 1843, a manufacturer of woolen goods in Syracuse ; and Florence, born in 1849, died in 1852. One son, Charles C, died in infancy. Mrs. Becker died in 1875, and he married second Cordelia E., daughter of Charles and Unity (Gage) Andrews of La Fayette. Clark, Ansel K., La Fayette, was born in Fabius, June 24, 1826, a son of Isaiah and Olive (Kinney) Clark. Ansel K. was educated in the common schools and re sided in Fabius most of his life. In 1877 he came to his present farm of eighteen acres, and also owns thirty-five acres in another place, where his son now lives. In 1850 he married Helen Jones, and they had one son, Irving J., now of Jamesville, a carpenter by trade, who married Clara Egar. His first wife was Maggie Van Vrankin, by whom he had one child, Helen. The first wife of Ansel K. died in 1852, and in 1854 he married Emeline Abbott of this town, a daughter of James and Clarissa (Baker) Abbott of La Fayette. James was a son of Peter Abbott of Massa chusetts, who came t6 this town in 1797 and settled the farm where our subject now lives, where he died in 1852. Mr. and Mrs. Clark have had one son, Elbert A., born Nov. 29, 1859, in Fabius, who was educated in the common schools, and married Alice June, of Tully, by whom he has two daughters, Lena L., and Dora B. The brothers of our subject are Hiram, mentioned in this work, Nelson, who resides in Groton, Tompkins Co. ; Harvey, who lives in Syracuse; Harrison, of La Fayette; Isaiah, of La Fayette ; the sisters are as follows : Jane, who married Benjamin Scammell of Syracuse ; Betsey, wife of Charles Hoyt of this town ; Celestia, wife of L. G. Scammell of Fabius. The brothers and sisters of Mrs. Clark are Gilbert, who lives with his sister, Mrs. Clark; Mary Emmons of Spafford, deceased; Frances Worden of Syracuse (deceased) ; and Melvma King, deceased wife of Russell King. Clark, Seneca E. , La Fayette, was born in La Fayette May 6, 1848, a son of Henry E. and Hester A. (Ketchum) Clark, he a native of Onondaga, born in 1818, and she of Cortland, born in 1822. The grandfather was Edward, of Halifax, Vt., who came to Onondaga in 1818, where he died. His wife was Rachel Taggert, of Greenfield, Mass. Henry E. served at one time as poormaster. He died in 1893, and his widow now lives with Seneca E. The latter was educated in Cortland Academy, and has followed farming, also dealt in wool and produce for a number of years. He owns 275 acres of land, and follows general farming and dairying. He is now serving his third term as supervisor, and is a member of the Odd Fellows and the A. O. U. W. In 1870 he married Rose E., daughter of William H. and Eliza M. (Cole) Jones. The father of Mrs. Clark died in 1871 and the mother in 1890. Mr. and Mrs. Clark have had three children : Clifford J., Belle, wife of Harvey T. Weller of this town; and Jessie. Cole, Jerome J. , La Fayette, was born in Pompey, Dec. 28, 1814, a son of Ele and Catharine E. (Carmine) Cook. The father of Ele was William Cook, who came to Pompey in an early day, and was one of the first settlers. The father of our subject came to this town in 1815, and here spent his life until 1833, when he went to Onon- FAMILY SKETCHES. 161 dagfa, and his last days were spent in La Fayette. The father of our subject was in the war of 1812. Cole, Henry L., La Fayette, was born in La Fayette Oct. 25, 1836, a son of Luther and Nancy (House) Cole, he a native of Massachusetts, born July 9, 1798, and she born July 27, 1804. The Cole family trace their ancestry to two brothers who came about 1637 from Wales. The grandfather, Joseph S., was born in Massachusetts, and came about 1801 to La Fayette, where he died in 1833. He built the turnpike from Binghamton to Newburgh. His wife was Sarah Rhodes, who died here in 1837. Luther Cole was a farmer and died in La Fayette Dec. 21, 1880/ and his wife Jan. 23, 1885. Henry L. was educated in the schools of Pompey and Homer, and engaged in the manufacture of the scythe snath, of which his father was patentee. This business'he followed until 1884, for thirty years, then built the shop he now occupies. He also manufactured carriages, wagons, etc., for a number of years. He also conducts his farm of fifty-two acres, and also is an extensive dealer in pro duce. He has served as justice of the peace since 1873, and in 1894 was elected justice of sessions. In 1857 he married Theresa Northrup, and they have had three children: Jennie M., born Sept. 14, 1858; Alton W., born Aug. 10, 1861; Mary H., born Nov. 17, 1862. Mrs. Cole died April 23, 1880, and Oct. 4, 1882, our subject married second Mrs. Mary J Richardson, who died Dec. 31, 1890. Feb. 16, 1892, Mr. Cole married Mary Tanner, of Harford, Pa. Dodge, Daniel, La Fayette, was born in La Fayette May 23, 1822, a son of Ira and Lucy (Roberts) Dodge, natives of Connecticut. The grandfather, Hezekiah, came from that State to Pompey in 1796 and died about 1830, and the father came to La Fayette when a young man, where he died in 1885 and his wife in 1886. He owned 160 acres of land, and was a prominent man in the town. Daniel was educated in the common schools, has followed farming, and owns 160 acres of land. In 1847 he married Emeline Ayres, born in Cicero in 1827, daughter of Abner and Abigail (Tayler) Myers, of this town. The mother of Mrs. Dodge in 1843, and her father in 1881. Mr. and Mrs. Dodge have had three children; Leroy, who married Alice Mills, and has two sons, Clarence and Claud; Frances, wife of Millard Bush of Pom pey, by whom she has four children, Irvin, Clara, Gertrude, and Clarence; and Charles, who married Lois Boutwell of Chautauqua Co. Felter, William A., La Fayette, was born in Orange Co., March 27, 1846, a son of Adam and Matilda (Eckhert) Felter, who came to this town in 1847, and later went ~to Binghamton, where they died. William A. was reared on a farm, educated in the public schools, was a Democrat, and held various town offices. He was one of the elders of the Presbyterian church at La Fayette, where his widow now attends. In 1876 he married Rhoda, daughter of Edward and Jane Weller, natives of England, who came to Onondaga in 1829, and later to this town. Aug. 6, 1894, the father died in Onondaga Valley, and his wife died Oct. 14, 1874. Mr. and Mrs. Felter had three children: Jennie L., Ella P., and Edward E. Mr. Felter died Jan. 10, 1893. Hiscock, William, La Fayette, was born in Dorsetshire, England, Sept. 22, 1830, a son of Lazarus and Mary (Tucker) Hiscock of that place, who came to America and to Onondaga Co. in 1849, and in 1851 to La Fayette, where Mrs. Hiscock died in 1853, at the age of 51. The father then went to Syracuse, where he died Feb. 17, 162 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1888, aged 82. William came to Onondaga with his parents at the age of nineteen, and after completing his studies engaged in farming, now owning 145 acres. He has served as justice of the peace four years, and assessor eighteen years. Mr. His cock and wife are members of theRoyal Templars of Temperance, No. 84, of Colling wood, and also of La Fayette Grange No. 471. In 1858 Mr. Hiscock married Amelia, daughter of Hiram and Amelia Kent, a native of Manlius, whose parents were na tives of New England, and came to this locality in an early day. The father died in La Fayette in 1884, aged 86, and the mother in 1870, aged 72. Mr. and Mrs. His cock have had six children: Charles V., George K., Algena M., Elva A., Ida L. and William A. Hoyt, George L. , La Fayette, was born in Syracuse, Nov. 28, 1836, a son of Thomas B. and Minerva (Baker) Hoyt, the former born in Connecticut in 1804 and the latter in Massachusetts in 1803. The grandfather was Caleb Hoyt, of Connecticut, who was the blacksmith on the first cotton gin manufactured in the country. He came to Salina in 1816 with his family, where he died in 1867. His wife was Melissa Odell, born in Norwalk, Conn., and died in 1862. The father of our subject came to Syra cuse about 1825, and spent his life, as a manufacturer of carriages, owning what is now known as the Jervis building. He died March 23, 1847, and his wife Sept. 6, 1886. Our subject was reared with his uncle, Caleb B. Jackson, educated in Nor walk, Ohio, and came with his uncle to La Fayette about 1854. At the latter's death our subject fell heir to forty acres, to which he. has added sixty, and has followed agriculture, his specialty being the breeding of Shropshire sheep. He has served as town clerk, supervisor, and justice of the peace, which latter office he now holds. In 1870 he married Eliza Densmore of Monroe Co. , and they have a daughter, Orpha A., a graduate of Andover Academy. They are members of the Presbyterian church, of which Mr. Hoyt has been a deacon for twelve years, and elder for eight years. In 1861 he enlisted in Co. I, 12th N. Y. Vols., and served two years. He was at Hanover Court House, Siege of Yorktown, Mechanicsville, and Gaines Mills, Va. He was wounded at the latter place on June 27, 1862, taken prisoner, and con fined in Libby prison, but was finally exchanged Nov. 10, 1862. Mr. Hoyt is treas urer of Uncas Lodge, I. O. O. F., No. 161, and has held all the offices in the lodge. He is also a Granger, and a member of the G. A. R., being commander of R. S. Park Post, No. 172. Jones, William, La Fayette, was born in Wales, Dec. 19, 1819, a son of David and Catherine (Alexander) Jones, natives of that country, where the father died, and his widow came with her family to America, locating in this town. Later she removed to Syracuse, and there died. William was educated in Wales, and came to this town at the age of seventeen. He was educated for a physician, but soon gave up his pro fession, choosing farming, at which he continued until his death, Oct. 20, 1876. In 1850 he married Elizabeth Osborn, a native of Tompkins Co. , a daughter of Horace and Waitstill (Dunham) Osborn, who removed from Tompkins Co. to Michigan, where they died. Mr. and Mrs. Jones had five children : Horace, who died aged 12 years; Myra, wife of Frank B. Rowland, of Collamer; Edwin, who is a farmer; James G. and Henry S. (twins), and reside on the homestead. Morgan, Le Roy A., La Fayette, a son of Willard and Celia (Scammell) Morgan, was FAMILY SKETCHES. 163 born in Tully, June 13, 1843. He was educated in the common schools and is a farmer. He came to his present farm of ninety acres in 1870. In 1868 he was united in mar riage to Elizabeth D. Cross, who was born in Fabius, Nov. 13, 1848. She was a daughter of Luther L. and Saphronia (Bronson) Cross of New England and this State respectively. Mr. and Mrs. Morgan have had the following named children : Mary Luella, born Jan. 4, 1870 ; Lillian Gertrude, born Sept. 28, 1871 ; Merritt Cross, born May 26, 1873; Jennie, born Jan. 15, 1875; Clifford Willard, born Sept. 28, 1882; and Edith Dora, born Feb. 15, 1884. Of these four are living, Mary Luella having died at the ageof 12 and Jennie in infancy. Lillian is a teacher and is now teaching at Sum mit Station. Merritt was married to Mary Cornue Jan. 12, 1893, and is now living at Summit Station, where he is working in the chair factory. Mowris, James A., La Fayette, son of Abraham and Anna (Roosa) Mowris, was born in Ulster Co., N. Y. , Aug. 2, 1825. The grandfather, Peter Mowris, was of Holland descent, adopted the cause of the colonists and served creditably as a soldier in the Revolution. He died in said county in 1835 aged 90. Abraham Mowris de ceased in 1854 aged 59, and his widow some two years later at about the same age. James A. was educated at Kingston Academy and at Westfield, Mass., pursued teaching for several years, then studied medicine with Dr. Dawes, entered the Col lege of Physicians and Surgeons, New York city, and graduated from Albany Medi cal College in 1854. He practiced his profession in his native county and in 1862 en tered the United States service as surgeon, serving nearly three years, till the close of the war. In the service, he became brigade surgeon on staff of Gen. N. M. Cur tis, and later, till final muster-out, served as surgeon in chief of 2d Division, 13th A. C, on staff of Gen. Adelbert Ames. On the dissolution of the command he was chosen regimental historian, and in response issued an octavo volume of nearly three hundred pages, entitled "The History of the 117th Regiment (4th Oneida) New York Volunteers, Infantry," a work highly prized by the members of the organ ization. The command was mustered out in the city of Syracuse, June 8, 1865 ; the doctor adopting this city as his home, here resumed and pursued his chosen vocation till 1875, when he moved to La Fayette village, his present place of residence, and where for several years, he was the only physician within the township. Mclntyre, George W., La Fayette, was born in La Fayette, July 10, 1840, a son of Rensselaer and Lydia Mclntyre, mentioned elsewhere. George was educated in Onondaga Academy, and for a time clerked in Syracuse, where he remained until his enlistment in the army in 1861. He was in Co. I, Lincoln's Cavalry, and served during the war. At the close of the war he came to Cardiff and engaged in the mercantile business with Robert Park, later selling to Mr. Park and engaging in business by himself. In 1871 he came to this town, where he again engaged in the 1 mercantile business, continuing until 1885. He has served as town clerk, overseer of the poor, and supervisor. In 1881 he was elected county superintendent of the poor, and re-elected in 1887, serving in that capacity at his death, Nov. 22, 1889. He was an Odd Fellow, a Mason, and a member of the K. of P. In 1866 he married Mary S., daughter of William and Angeline (Coats) Hoyt, and they had six children: Eva, wife of E. J. Chapman of Syracuse, who have two children, Fred and Edna ; George F., a telegraph operator; Minnie, wife of N. T. June of Apulia, who have two children, Leslie and Harold ; Carlotta, Daisy, and William, the latter three liv ing at home. 164 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Price, John W., was born in Otsego Co., Nov. 1, 1813, the second of ten children of John and Mary (Wiley) Price, both born in this State, who came to Otsego Co. in an early day, then removed in 1814 to Homer, Cortland Co., where they died. The father was in the war of 1812. The grandfather, Jonathan, married Sallie Sweet ; she died in Otsego Co., and he married a Widow Cheney, some years before he re moved to Cortland, where he died. John W. was educated in the common schools, and came to La Fayette in 1833, and engaged in farm work. He now owns 107 acres, and engages in general farming. He has taken an active part in town affairs, having served as assessor, poormaster, etc. In 1837 he married Hannah Cook, by whom he had eight children, five of whom grew to maturity: Lafayette M., Willis G:, John G., Sarah J., and Nellie M., of whom Sarah is deceased. Park, Homer C, was born in La Fayette, Sept. 19, 1838, a son of Thomas and Matilda (Cuddeback) Park, of this town. Homer C, having lost his mother when only two years old, was given to his mother's sister, Mrs. Fannie Northway. But she, also, was taken from him by death, in one short year, but he remained with his uncle, H. G. Northway, until he was thirty-three years of age. H. G. Northway set tled on the farm he now owns in 1857 ; he died in 1889, and his wife Fannie in 1842. Homer C. Park married in 1872 Ellen L. Hunt of Navarino, Onondaga Co., and a daughter of David and Jenett (Terry) Hunt, who were born in Onondaga Co. , but located for a time in Oswego Co. , returning, however, to their native county later, where the father died in 1875. The mother is at present with this daughter. Palmer, Avery R., La Fayette, was born in La Fayette, June 29, 1820, a son of Dr. Avery F.vand Sally (Bailey) Palmer, he a native of Stonington, Conn., and she of Massachusetts. The grandfather was Rowland Palmer, also of Connecticut, and came with his wife Sabra in 1815 to La Fayette, where they died in 1836 and 1850 respectively. The father of our subject was for forty years a veterinary surgeon in successful practice, and a prominent man of his town. He died in 1873 and his wife in 1865. Avery R. was educated in Cortland Academy, and studied for the ministry at his home. He managed his father's farm until he was twenty-seven, then took the pastorate at Marcellus Baptist church, where, his health failing, he went to Ster ling, Cayuga Co. , where his health grew worse. He then came to Tully, and in 1853 was elected supervisor, serving four years, and in 1856 was appointed superin tendent of the Onondaga Penitentiary, serving three years. He was also justice of the peace in Otisco. In 1863 he came to his present place, and has been supervisor of the town for 1873-74-79. He has also served twelve years here as postmaster, and has been notary public four years. During all these years our subject has been supplying as minister, and in 1891 took charge of the Apulia church, and was also in charge of the church in Vesper six years. Mr. Palmer has done an extensive busi ness in settling estates in this part of the county. He is an ardent temperance worker, and a member of the Royal Templars, being chaplain of the Grand Council. In 1847 he married Elizabeth Henderson, a native of Tully, born Jan. 12, 1828, a daughter of Peter Henderson, the first white child born in Tully, whose father, Phineas, was among the very first settlers' of the town. Mr. and Mrs. Palmer have had one son, Jirah D., born in 1848, who is now proprietor of the Collingwood grist and saw mills. He married in 1867 Viola S. Miner, who died in 1885. In 1887 he married Marian Van Antwerp, and they have had four children: George F., Avery FAMILY SKETCHES. 165 R., Edna and Edith. Jirah D. is an Odd Fellow, and one of the trustees and mem bers of the managers of the Odd Fellows' Home Association at Lockport, and post master at Collingwood. The Palmer family date their ancestry to one Walter Palmer who came with his brother Abram from Nottinghamshire, England, in 1629, and settled in Stonington, Conn., while Abram went to the West Indies. Rounds, Asahel, La Fayette, was born in La Fayette, in Aug., 1810, a son of Daniel and Hannah (Lee) Rounds of New England, who came to this town in an early day. The grandfather, Comfort Rounds, was one of the first farmers in La Fayette. Asahel Rounds was reared on the farm, educated in the public schools, then became a prosperous farmer in La Fayette, and in 1847 married Ora Phelps, a native of Camillus, born in 1818. Her parents were Azor and Phcebe (Hanchett) Phelps of Connecticut, who came to Pompey, where they lived and died. Mr. and Mrs. Rounds had five children: Harvey L., an insurance agent at La Fayette, who married Libbie Newman; Baxter A., who married Mary A. Gage and has two chil dren, Ora A. and Chester A. ; they live in Monroe Co. ; Mary L. (deceased) ; Hannah P., who married William H. Mathews, a native of Canada, son of Thomas and Mar garet Bennett Mathews of that locality, who came herein 1871, where they died; Mr. and Mrs. Mathews have two children, Ernest F. and Carlotta M. ; Elzada L., who married Robert Maddox and has one daughter, Ora A. ; they Hve in Colorado. The maternal grandfather of Asahel Rounds- was Levi Lee, a soldier of the Revo lution. Stearns, Benjamin A., La Fayette, was born in Shaftsbury, Vt., Oct. 16, 1816, a son of George and Hannah (Bailey) Stearns of Rhode Island, he born in 1772, and she in 1776. They came to La Fayette in 1817, where they died in 1862 and 1853. The grandfather was Ebenezer Stearns, who died in Vermont. The maternal grandfather was Philip Bailey, a native of England, who came to Vermont in an early day. Benjamin A. was an infant when he came to La Fayette, and was here reared and educated. He follows farming, owning sixty-eight acres of land, and makes a specialty of butter for Syracuse consumers. In 1842 he married Eliza E. Kinney of Onondaga, born in March 21, 1821, a daughter of Hansel Kinney, and his wife, Laura Palmeter. Mr. and Mrs. Stearns have had four children: Ruby, wife of George W. Sims of this town, by whom he has two children, Burton and Edith R. ; Jason L., who married Mary Bishop of England, and has two children, Elmer E. and Benjamin A.; Frank L., of Syracuse, who married Nellie Donahue, and has two children, Emery J. and Frank M. ; Maben, who died in infancy, Thomas, Albert, La Fayette, was born in La Fayette, Feb. 14, 1829, son of Joseph Thomas. Albert was reared on the farm and educated in the common schools. After leaving school he engaged in farming and owns 132 acres of land. He is a member of La Fayette Grange. Dec. 27, 1854, Mr. Thomas married Phoebe A., daughter of Joseph G. Doughty, a native of Poughkeepsie. Mr. Doughty came to La Fayette in 1834, where he died Oct. 11, 1891, aged 84 years. His wife was Maria Brinkerhoff, a native of Fishkill-on-Hudson, who died Nov. 8, 1891, aged 78 years. Mr. Doughty was a tailor by trade, but was engaged in farming in his later days. Of a family of five children, three are living: Mrs. Miller of La Fayette; Susan Thomas, also of La Fayette ; and Mrs. Albert Thomas. The latter was educated in La Fayette and Onondaga Valley Seminary and followed teaching for several years, 166 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. beginning at the age of sixteen years. Joseph Thomas, father of Albert, was born in Orange Co., Jan. 2, 1797, and came with his father, Simeon T. , to La Fayette in 1817. Jan. 21, 1819, he married Laura daughter of Paul King, by whom he had ten children. His father gave him fifty acres of land, to which he added 350 acres. He planted the first apple orchard in the town of La Fayette. He died May 29, 1865. Van Denburgh, Howard W., La Fayette, was born in La Fayette, June 3, 1860, a son of Maus Van Denburgh and Adeliza Gould; he was born in Saratoga in 1810, and she in this town in 1824. The grandfather was Andrew Van Denburgh, who came from Saratoga here about 1811. His wife was Diana Miller, born in 1784, who spent her last days in Virginia, and died at the age of 102. The father of Howard W. came here when a child, remaining till 1874, when he went to Virginia, He re turned to this town in 1887, and died in 1890. Howard W. received his education in the public schools of La Fayette and private school of Virginia, after which he en gaged in farming. He owns sixty acres, part of his father's farm, where he follows general farming. June 3, 1890, he married Florence, daughter of Daniel and Sarah (Wicks) Snow of this town, and they have two children, Hazel A., born Jan. 12, 1592, and S. Agnes, born Jan. 19, 1894. Woolsey, Henry O. , La Fayette, was born in Delaware Co., Feb. 14, 1814, a son of Daniel and Susan (Halsted) Woolsey, natives of that county, to which locality the grandfather came from England, during the Revolution. He went afterwards to Oneida Co. , where he died. The father of our subject came to Syracuse in 1822, and soon afterwards to Onondaga Hollow. Later he went to Ohio, and died in Illinois. Our subject was educated in the common schools, owns 175 acres, and follows gen eral farming. In 1838 he married Sarah A. Abbott, of La Fayette, a daughter of Thomas and Sabra (Chadwick) Abbott. Our subject and wife have had these chil dren: Charles W-. horn July 15, 1839, located on the home farm; Aaron P., born July 2, 1842; Harmon E., born Oct. 25, 1844; Caroline J., born Sept. 26, 1846, wife of Dolph L. Hoag; Frances A. (wife of Edson J. Stearns) and Celia M., (wife of Robert Ackels), twins, born March 1, 1849; Sabra Adell, born June 28, 1853, wife of Samuel Neil; Augusta F., born Jan. 4, 1862, wife of Albert E. Burt. Wright, Ebenezer C. , La Fayette, was born in La Fayette, March 20, 1839, a son of William and Eliza M. (Coleman) Wright, mentioned in this work. Our subject was reared in this town, and learned carpentry, but also follows farming, having twenty-eight acres of good land. Aug. 20, 1862, he enlisted in Co. L, 1st N. Y. Mounted Rifles, serving two years, re-enlisting Sept. 1st, 1864, and serving till Nov. 29, 1865. He participated in the following battles: Siege of Suffolk, Drury's Bluff, Cold Harbor, and all the battles of the 18th Corps during the campaign of 1864, and many minor engagements. Mr. Wright has served as deputy sheriff, census enume rator, etc., and has been justice of. the peace since 1880. He is a K. of P., and a member of the Grange, also, of the G. A. R. In 1867 he married Jane French, a native of Oneida Co., and a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Houek) French, who died in 1881 and 1878 respectively. Mr. and Mrs. Wright have one daughter, Alta E., born March 23, 1879, and one adopted son, Groyer W. French, a son of Wallace W. and a brother of Mrs. Wright. His great-grandfathers Wright and Northway were Revolutionary soldiers, and his great-grandfather Samuel Coleman was one of FAMILY SKETCHES. 167 few who escaped from the Indians at the great massacre in Pennsylvania in Revo lutionary times. Weller, Stephen H., La Fayette, was born in England, Oct. 18, 1833, a son of Stephen and Elizabeth (Harmon) Weller, of Sussex, England, the former born in 1809 and the latter in 1814. Stephen was a son of William Weller, who came to La Fayette in 1840, being a wagonmaker by trade. He died Oct. 26, 1881, and his wife March 18, 1868. Stephen H. was reared in the village of La Fayette, and began work on a farm. In 1885 he bought sixteen acres, and in 1893 added ten acres, at his father's death buying out the other heirs, and taking possession of the old home stead. His land now comprises sixty-seven acres, and.he makes a specialty of farm ing. He has been inspector and excise commissioner. In 1890 he married Ada A. Clark, born Dec. 18, 1855, a daughter of Charles W. and Arvilla Clark, he a native of Onondaga and she of La Fayette. The grandfather of Mrs. Weller was Edward Clark, who is mentioned in this work. Our subject and wife have one son and one daughter: Harmon S., born July 24, 1891 ; and Esther Elizabeth, born Feb. 20, 1895. Wright, Silas W., La Fayette, was born Feb. 28, 1843, one of eleven children of William and Eliza (Coleman) Wright, the former born in Westchester in 1804, and the latter a native of La Fayette, born in 1810. The grandfather was Reuben Wright, born in 1769, who came from Westchester about 1813, and died in La Fay ette in 1854. His wife was Elizabeth Anderson, born in 1795, and died in 1861. The father of Silas W. was a carpenter by trade, though he followed farming. He as sisted in the erection of some of the large buildings in Syracse. He was active in town affairs, having served as poormaster. He died Sept. 26, 1882, and his widow now resides with our subject. The latter was reared in Cardiff, educated in the public schools, and followed farming, now owning ninety acres. In 1862 he enlisted as bugler in Co. L, 1st N. Y. Mounted Rifles, and served until Dec, 1865. He was on detached service as an orderly, and was present at the siege of Suffolk, Peters burg, Drury's Bluff, Cold Harbor, etc. He is a member of Tully Grange, and form erly belonged to the K. of P. In 1866 he married Fannie J., daughter of Lyman Baker of La Fayette, and his wife, Sarah L. Beach. Mr. and Mrs. Wright have one son, George L. , born Feb. 23, 1870. He married Adelia, daughter of Clark Estey, of La Fayette, and they have one son, Milton W. Mr. Wright is a teacher of in strumental music, and at present is engaged in a shoe store in Syracuse. Weller, Spencer D., La Fayette, was born in Onondaga, May 18, 1838, a son of Thomas and Susan (Connell) Weller, he a native of England, born in 1804, and his wife of this county, born in Onondaga, to which locality her father, Peter Connell, came from Scotland. The father of Spencer D. came to Onondaga Co. about 1830 with his parents, William and Elizabeth (Kate) Weller. He was a farmer in La Fayette until 1867, when he removed to Little Utica on another farm, after which he kept a grocery store at Lysander, and served his town as poormaster. He died in 1889, and his widow now lives in Lysander. Spencer D. was educated in Caze novia Seminary, and has since followed farming. He came to this town at the age • of three years, and now lives on his father-in-law's farm of 246 acres. He owns seventy acres adjoining, and follows general farming, keeping fifteen cows and 200 sheep. He has served his town as highway commissioner. In 1867 he married Gertrude L. Dodge of La Fayette, daughter of Harvey C. and Eliza (Cole) Dodge, 168 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. born in this town in 1819 and 1823 respectively. The father died in 1881, and the widow resides with our subject. Spencer D. and wife have had five children, as follows: Nellie, born June 11, 1869, educated in Pompey Academy and La Fayette select schools ; she married James A. Thurston of Cazenovia ; Harvey T. , born March 11, 1870, married Belle Clark of this town ; Theodore, born March 21, 1872, now a student at Cazenovia ; Charles S. , born Nov. 27, 1874, who died Aug. 12, 1893 ; De witt Clinton, born Aug. 11, 1876, now at Meads's Business College. Gates, A. R., Lysander, was born in Dewitt, Onondaga Co., Aug. 31, 1852. His father, Alson Gates, came to Lysander in 1869, where he held a prominent place throughout his life. A. R. Gates laid the foundation of his education in the common schools and has added much to it by his well chosen reading and close observation. . In 1875 he married Polly, daughter of Jidal Button, who was born in Van Buren, Onondaga Co., Aug. 6, 1855. Mr. Gates resideson part of hislate father's estate and makesaspe- cialty of handling dairy salt and salt fertilizers and agricultural implements. In 1893 he was elected commissioner of highways, and in 1894 he was re-elected commissioner of highways. Thorn, R. F., Lysander, was born in Albany Co., April 24, 1836. His father, Beecher H. Thorn, was also a native of Albany Co., born July 9, 1813. The family came from England about 1650 and were among the pioneer settlers of Albany Co. Beecher H. married Caty Ann, daughter of Franklin De Long, by whom he had nine children, seven of .whom are now living. He was engaged in farming both in New York State and Ohio. In 1852 he came to Onondaga Co. and settled in the town of Lysander. R. F. Thorn was educated in the common schools. In 1861 he enlisted in Battery B, 1st N. Y. Artillery, and took part in the battles of Gettysburg, Antietam, Chancellorsville and several other great battles. He went out as a pri vate, but returned with a corporal's commission. He received an honorable dis charge Sept. 1, 1864, returning to Baldwinsville and resuming his farming. In 1876 he engaged in the tobacco trade, in which he still continues. In 1859 he married Harriet M., daughter of Abner I. Brown. They have one son, Lewis F. Mr. Thorn is one of the representative business men of his town. Wormuth, Solomon, Lysander, was born in the town of Mindon, Montgomery Co., Jan. 1, 1812, son of William Wormuth, a native of the same county. The family trace their ancestry back to William Wormuth, who came from Baden, Germany, in 1650, and was of the nobility of that country. William Wormuth moved to Ira, Cayuga Co. , in 1847. Solomon came to Onondaga Co. in 1840 and settled in the town of Clay, and in 1844 he moved into the town of Lysander. He married Kate, daughter of Garrett Youngs, who died in 1850. He afterward married Mrs. Char lotte Pierce, daughter of Daniel Robinson ; he had seven children, five by his first marriage and two by the second, as follows: Mrs. Mary C. Bauder, Myra, Ezra, William F., Levi Y., Mrs. James Schenck and Mrs. Daniel Cramer. Mr. Wormuth is one of the leading men of the town. Adams, Herbert A. , Manlius, was born in Dewitt, Nov. 7, 1858, son of William W. , a farmer. His grandfather, Ahijah Adams, one of the first settlers in Dewitt, came from Connecticut about 1800 and took up a soldier's claim about four miles east of Syracuse on the Genesee Turnpike. He was engaged in raising " road horses" and FAMILY SKETCHES. 169 fruit culture, having at one time fifty acres of apple tre'es in bearing. His mother was of English descent, being the daughter of William King, who came to America in 1814, settling at Cicero, N. Y. Herbert A. attended school in the winter, being obliged to earn the means during the summer. After graduating from Madison school in Syracuse, he fitted himself to teach by taking a course in the Normal train ing class at the Onondaga Academy. He then taught school for twelve terms in the district schools of Dewitt and six terms in Eagle village, town of Manlius. In 1883 Mr. Adams married Ida A. , daughter of Charles F. Gere of Manlius. Mr. Adams then bought a farm of eighty-eight acres in Manlius, which by his perseverance and industry he has increased to 160 acres, which is in a fine state of cultivation. He is a successful farmer, always alive to the interests of the farmer. He is 'active in the ranks of the Republican party and in furthering the best interests of his town. Adams, Lorenzo Wentworth, Manlius, was born in the town of Pompey, March 30, 1813. He was. educated in the common schools and at the old Syracuse Academy. He was employed as a clerk in a Syracuse store and was captain of a line packet on the canal for a few years, and about 1835 he located in the village of Kirkville, being employed as a clerk in Hibbard's store until 1842, when he bought the goods of this store and conducted the business for himself. He died Sept. 10, 1858. Five years previously he had retired from business on account of failing health and traveled in hopes of regaining strength. He lived in Syracuse about four years, and only re turned to Kirkville a few weeks previous to his death. Mr. Adams was elected supervisor of his town, and in his early life held several minor town offices. In 1840 he married Julia E., daughter of Derrick Adams, a farmer of Bridgeport, Madison Co., by whom he had five children, of whom two died in infancy. The others are Jennette, widow of James Austin Munroe, who died July 9, 1880; Julia Elizabeth, wife of Dr. Gary, a physician and farmer of Vernon, Oneida Co., and Mary E., a Christian Scientist, who makes her home in Utica. Two children of Mrs. Munroe are members of this family: Lena Belle, a teacher in Bolivar Academy in Allegany Co., N. Y., and James A., a student of Fort Plain Military Academy. Armstrong, Ethan, Manlius, was born in Bennington, Vt., April 24, 1810, and came to New Y'ork State when a young man, engaging in the mercantile business at Troy. In 1851 he married Mariam Collin of Fayetteville, but continued to live in Troy until 1862. He then made his home on a farm three years, then moved to the village of Fayetteville, where he made his home until his death, which occurred March 6, 1878. He was the father of four children, three of whom are now living: Collin, financial editor of the New York Sun ; Augustus T. , a farmer and business man of Fayetteville, and one daughter, Geneva. Allen. Nathan D., Manlius, was born in Cobleskill, Schoharie Co., April 18, 1822. Both his paternal and maternal ancestors were natives of Columbia Co. William Allen was born in Copake, Feb. 6, 1790, and moved to Schoharie Co. when a young man, where he lived until 1825, when the family moved to Oneida Co., locating in the town of Rome. In the fall of 1836, he removed to Onondaga Co., and later moved into the town of Sullivan, where he died Jan. 11, 1854. His wife, Catherine Young, died in 1868, aged 78 years. They had six children : Jeremiah, of Michigan, died Dec. 10, 1893 ; Margaret, wife of Isaac Haywood, of Michigan, died in 1860 ; 170 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Hannah, wife of Levi Thompson, died in 1853; Mary A., died in infancy ; William born Sept. 22, 1831, is married and living in Saint Joseph Co., Mich. ; and Nathan D. The latter was educated in the common schools. He was a resident of Sullivan until 1861 and in 1862, he bought a farm of twenty-acres in Manlius, where he has since made his home. Mr. Allen was assessor in 1873-74-75. He has been con nected with the Methodist church since 1840 and is trustee and steward, also assist ant superintendent of the Sunday school. Dec. 12, 1847, Mr. Allen married Julia A., daughter of the late William D. Little, of Clay. They have two children : Harriet, wife of George A. Cook, of Kirkville ; and Etta J. , a teacher in the common schools, now living at home. Alvord, Grove E. , Manlius, was born in Syracuse, Feb. 13, 1854, son of James Dwight Alvord, also a native of Cortland Co. James Alvord, the grandfather, was a native of Connecticut. Grove was the second of a family of nine children, and was educated in the schools of Syracuse. After leaving school he engaged in the occupation of his ancestors, farming, which he has since followed. He was employed with his father on the homestead for a short time and was then employed with his brother in the butchering business for nine months. In 1878 he came to Manlius. where he has since made his home, conducting the farm of Peter W. Harrower. Mr. Alvord has held some of the minor offices of the town. He is trustee of North Man lius Grange No. 598. In 1877 Mr. Alvord married Mary, daughter of the late Hiram King, miller, of Dewitt Mill. They have four children : Ella B. , a student of East Syracuse High School ; Helen Clara, a student of North Manlius School ; James W. , in the common school ; and Grove Dean, aged three years. Butts, Reuben Lee, Manlius, was born on the old homestead in the town of Man lius, Feb. 8, 1861. George, his father, was born in Dutchess Co. in 1823, and came with his parents to Onondaga Co. in 1834. His father, Reuben, settled on a tract of land on lot 99, and it was here that George was reared and educated in the common schools and Manlius Academy. He was for ^years assessor of the town and was for a number of years trustee of the school and church. At the age of 30, March 1, 1854, he married Cornelia, daughter of Orren Lee, a farmer of Pompey. She was born at Southington, Conn., Nov, 20, 1824, and came with her father to Manlius in May, 1826. She was of the sixth generation descended from John Lee, who came from Colchester, England, in 1634 and settled in New England. Mr. and Mrs. Butts had two sons : George F. , a real estate agent, of Omaha, Neb. , who was born at Manlius, in May, 1864, and married in May, 1887, Celia A., daughter of Asel and Celia Wilcox, and Reuben L. The latter was educated in the common schools, Manlius Academy, and the Meads's Business College, at Syracuse. He taught in the latter school forsix months and was also a teacher in the common schools for two terms. He is now conducting the farm that has been in the possession of the family for three genera tions. George Butts died Sept. 14, 1891. Brown, James A., Manlius, was born near Evans Mills, Feb. 16, 1835. George Brown, his father, was born in Dolgeville, Herkimer Co., in 1811. He was a tanner, currier, and shoemaker in early life, and afterwards a farmer and merchant. In 1837, he came to the town of Manlius, and established a shoe shop and store on the old canal. He lived at Pool's Brook about ten years, then returned to Kirkville, where he has since made his home. He has served as deputy sheriff for this district, FAMILY SKETCHES. 171 and is still living at the age of 83 years. He married Maria Crouse, sister of the late John Crouse of Syracuse. They had eight children, four of whom are now living. James, the second son, was given a good common school education. He then worked on the canal for a while, but soon went to work in a canal store for Jacob Crouse, at §14 per month. At eighteen years of age, he became a partner of the firm of George Brown & Son, and has ever since followed the mercantile business, now carrying a stock of over 815,000, with an annual sale of $50,000. Mr. Brown has held the office of justice of the peace, for fourteen years, had been justice of sessions, postmaster, and deputy postmaster for three terms, and notary public for a number of years. He is a member of the Masonic Lodge, a member of Fayetteville Lodge, No. 578. He is also a member of Kirkville Lodge I. O. O. F. , and a charter member of Chit tenango Lodge A. O. U. W. In 1859 Mr. Brown married Marian Hoag, daughter of Joseph, a shoemaker and dealer, of Kirkville. They have one child, Marian E. , wife of Major Burton Coe, of Kirkville. Beard, Beach, was born in Huntington, Conn., May 8, 1791. His mother died when he was three years of age and he was reared and educated by his grandparents. On reaching his majority he came to New Y'ork State on horseback, locating in the town of Pompey. Shortly after, he bought a small farm, which he increased to 600 acres, where he lived until 1850, then located in Fayetteville, where he had many interests for twenty years previously. He had a store in Pompey at this time. In 1854 he built the Beard Hotel Block. He afterwards built the flour mill, known as Beard's Mill, and conducted by Huntington. His principal interest was in the Led- yard Dyke and two water powers are still owned by the family. He had a plaster mill and saw mill'at High Bridge, and was also a grain shipper. His home was on Clinton street. In 1816, Mr. Beard married Frances Curtiss, of Madison, Madison Co. They had the following children : Beach C, merchant in Fayetteville, died in 1891 ; Henry, paper manufacturer in Fayetteville, died in 1888 ; Morris, farmer in Pompey; Ira, merchant in Fayetteville, died in 1844; Huntington, miller in Fay etteville; Frances (Mrs. N. B. Gardner) of New York city, died in 1862; Randolph, in Cortland ; Ellen (Mrs. Robert Crouse) of Fayetteville. Boland, Frederick, Manlius, was born in Lincklaen, Chenango Co., Nov. 4, 1844. Albert F., his father, was born in Sharon, Dutchess Co., N. Y., March 12, 1797. His father was a blacksmith and farmer and his ancestors occupied a tract of land in this county for 150 years. Albert learned the blacksmith's trade in his native place and in 1839 he moved to Homer in this State, where he opened a blacksmith's shop, which he conducted for eleven years there and in Cortland. In 1840 he moved to Linck laen, where he continued his trade and also farmed on the property of his father-in- law, Joel M. Darling, who was a native of Burlington, Vt. , and came to Chenango Co. at a very early date and carried on trade with the Indians and became one of the leading business men of the county. The Boland family lived in Chenango Co. , until 1854, when they removed to Cazenovia and Mr. Boland took charge of another of Mr. Darling's farms. They made their home here until 1867, when Frederick came to Onondaga county. Mr. Boland also lived in Watervale from 1858 to 1863. He died Jan. 20, 1877. His wife, Annis Darling, died Jan. 28, 1872. Of this union seven children were born, four of whom are now living. Frederick was educated in the select schools and Cazenovia Seminary. His principal occupation through life 172 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. has been blacksmithing. Aug. 1, 1862, he enlisted in the 127th N. Y. Vols, and served with them until after the battle of Gettysburg. He was then transferred to the flagship "Hartford," with Admiral Faragut and participated in the battle of Mobile Bay. After this he was transferred to the steam launch "Loyal," used to convey messages from one vessel to another in the bay. He was also three weeks aboard a pilot boat. The " Hartford returned to New York and Mr. Boland was discharged at the Brooklyn Navy Yard in March, 1865. He returned to Cazenovia and after spending one year in the Seminary, in Oct. , 1867, he located in Manlius village and for one year was employed in the mill, and on a farm for two years. In 1870 he returned to his old trade, seven years later becoming the proprietor of a business he has since followed. He has been trustee of the village since 1891 and is president of the Water Board. He has been a member of the School Board for ten years and is one of the stewards of the M. E. church, of which he was Sunday school superintendent for six years and five years treasurer. In Dec. 1866, he married Mary Shannon, of Madison Co., and they have five children: Minnie, wife of Henry Whitney, a machinist of Manlius ; Egbert M., a clerk in the store of C. W. Brown, of Manlius; John C, a graduate of Cazenovia Seminary, class of '95; Earl F., a student of Manlius Graded Union School ; and La Verne H., also a student, athome. Bucher, Peter, Manlius, was born in Germany, Sept. 11, 1848. Joseph, his father, was a native of France and came to this country in 1859. He located in the town of Manlius and began farming with twelve and one-half acres, which by his perse verance and industry he increased to twenty-five acres. He died here Oct. 28, 1883, aged 73 years. His wife, Barbara, is still living, now aged 82 years. Peter's early education was limited, but he has greatly improved that by bis well-chosen reading and natural ability. He has increased the old homestead farm to seventy-five acres, and has erected a good residence and outbuildings. Mr. Bucher is a member and trustee of St. Mary's church at Manlius Station. May 1, 1877, Mr. Bucher married Rosina, daughter of the late Joseph Phillips, a farmer of Cicero. They have two children: William P., student in the Manlius Station school, and Ada M., a student in the common school. Bell, George M., was born in the town of De Peyster, St. Lawrence Co., Aug. 16, 1850, son of Bela Bell, also a native of that county and a farmer. He died in the spring of 1891. His wife, Abby P. Martin, died in Jan., 1892. Ten children were born of this union, eight of whom are now living. George M. was educated in the common schools and the Gouverneur Wesleyan Seminary. After leaving school he remained on his father's farm until reaching his majority. He then entered the employ of J. W. Wilson, one of the leading merchants of Ogdensburg, as a clerk, with whom he remained three years. He then spent three years with the firm of D. & A. McGruer of Ogdensburg. In 1877 he became a partner of James E. Chaf fee, under the firm name of J. E. Chaffee & Co., and engaged in the hardware busi ness for one year. In 1878 he established a general store in Heuvelton, which he conducted for three years. In 1881 he removed to Onondaga Co., and in partner ship with F. P. Emmons bought out the firm of Champlin & Emmons, dealers in gen eral merchandise. This firm existed for eleven years, but in 1892 was dissolved, Mr. Bell buying out the firm of Brown & Monk on the north side of 'the street in the Seeley block, where he has since continued in business. He is a member of the I. O. FAMILY SKETCHES. 173 O. F., I. O. G. T. and the S. F. I. He has acted as school trustee, is an officer of the M. E. church and has been Sunday school superintendent. In Oct. , 1875, he mar ried Jennie Garlick of Potsdam, by whom he has two children: Leslie R., student of Potsdam State Normal school, and Lillian M., a student of Manlius Graded school. Buechner, Gottfried, Manlius, was born in Bavaria, Germany, Jan. 15, 1840, and came to this country in 1862. He first located in Albany, and while there, Sept. 17, 1862, he enlisted in Co. I, 43d N. YT. Vols. He was in the battle of Fredericksburg, Dec. 12-15, 1862; at Marye's Heights on May 4, 1863, he was taken prisoner and con fined at Belle Island two weeks and two weeks in Libby Prison, when he was ex changed, and joined his regiment in time to get into^the battle at Rappahannock Station ; he was in the Wilderness campaign, at Spottsylvania, and at Cold Harbor was wounded in his right arm ; he returned to the field from the hospital to engage in the fight at Winchester, and was engaged at Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek and in the Petersburg campaign until Lee's surrender. After his discharge he returned to Al bany, and then went to Schenectady to work on a farm. In 1866 he went to Iowa, but soon returned to Syracuse and was employed with Mayor Noxon. The next spring he commenced work for himself, buying a farm in the town of Clay. In 1880 he exchanged this farm for the old Tibbitts farm of 110 acres in Manlius, where he has since made his home. He has added twenty acres and had made many improvements, when in 1891 his buildings were totally destroyed by fire. He soon rebuilt, however, and now has one of the finest homes in the county. Aug. 11, 1867, Mr. Buechner married Katrina Myer, a native of Baden, by whom he has five children: William, George, Jacob, Emma M. and George Gottfried. Mr. Buech ner and family attend the Baptist church. Brown, Orrin W., Manlius, was born in Manlius, Jan. 12, 1854. Ira L., his father, was also a native of this town, born Feb. 4, 1823. He was always engaged in farm ing. At the age of twenty-eight he married Caroline, daughter of Elikum Smith of Manlius, by whom he had two children : Alice, married James Marcy of Manlius, and died in Aug., 1882; and Orrin W. The latter was educated in the common schools, then remained on the farm with his father until reaching his majority. In 1876 he engaged in mercantile business in partnership with J M. Kent at Manlius Center, which partnership existed two years. He then engaged in speculation until 1884, when he engaged in the store again, which he has since conducted alone. Nov. 17, 1884, he was appointed postmaster of Manlius Center, and has since held that position. In July, 1882, he married Carrie Matteson, born at Utica, by whom he has one daughter: Mabel Grace, now aged twelve years. Mr. Brown and his family at tend the Baptist church of Fayetteville. Cook, George A., was born in the town of Manlius, Dec. 14, 1847. Erastus D., his father, was also born in Manlius in 1814. Almon, father of Erastus, was a na tive of Massachusetts and one of the earliest settlers in the town of Manlius. He was a carpenter by trade. Erastus, the oldest son, was given an education in the common schools, then engaged in farming. He married Mary C. Ransier of Man lius, by whom he had two children: Marriette V., married Renslow Bennett of Mad ison Co., and died in 1868, aged 28 years; and George A. The latter was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming, which he has always followed. 174 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. The family moved to Kirkville in 1857, where Mr. Cook has since conducted a farm of over 100 acres. Oct. 3, 1866, he married Hattie E., daughter of Nathan D. Al len, a farmer of the town, by whom he has three children: Fred R. , who was mar ried in 1888 to Minnie Robinson, daughter of S. Robinson, an extensive farmer and fruit grower of Madison Co. ; J. Mabelle, wife of E. C. Walrath, son of Frank Wal rath, wholesale grocer of Syracuse, whose children are Inez E. , Floyd W. and Edna B. ; and Miss M. Evelene Cook, who is a teacher in Madison Co. Carhart, Peter S., Manlius, was born in the town of Coeymans, Albany Co., July 22, 1826. Isaac Carhart, his father, was a native of Westchester Co., descended from Thomas Carhart, who came here -from England, Aug. 25, 1683, as private secretary to Col. Thomas Dongan, governor of the colonies. Isaac was born Nov. 4, 1789, and moved to Albany Co. with his parents when five years of age, where he followed the trade of tanner and farming until 1827. He then located in Manlius, where he bought a farm of 100 acres, where he made his home up to the time of his death, March 17, 1845. He was one of the founders of the M. E. church of Collamer. His wife, Hannah Rowe, was a native of Coeymans, Albany Co., and was of German descent. She died Oct. 23, 1867, aged 77 years. Of this union nine children reached maturity, of whom two are still living: Peter S. and Hannah M., who makes her home with Peter. Peter S. was given a good common school education, then as sisted his father on the farm. After this he learned the millwright's trade, which he followed for eight years. In 1854 he moved to Akron, Ohio, where he built a barrel factory for Everet & Bishop of New Haven, Conn. He then went to Mar tinsville to erect a factory for Strong & Wood. In 1857 he returned to the home stead. He has always been interested in manufacturing, and is the designer of four articles, on which he has six patents: Carhart portable fence; Carhart vertical feed- work for sewing machines, now used by the Davis Sewing Machine Co. ; Carhart's two-horse cultivator, of which he manufactured 1,300, then sold to Bradley & Co. of Syracuse, and Carhart's reversible harrow, which was manufactured by Bradley & Co. under royalty, and is now manufactured by Farquhar of York, Pa. Mr. Carhart has held some of the minor town offices. His home, which is one of the most beautiful in the town, is of his own architecture. June 26, 1867, he married Lucia, daughter of the late Addison Hulburt of North Manlius, by whom he had six children : Herbert A. , a photo engraver, Snow Building, Syracuse, editor and pub lisher of the American Invention ; Angie E. , living at home ; Raymond H. , a stu dent of mechanical engineering; Elmer H., a student of East Syracuse Union Free School ; Orletta L. , a student of Syracuse High School, and George C. , a student of the East Syracuse School. Chapman, Nathan Randall, Manlius, was born at North Stonington, Ct, April 21, 1809, son of Nathan, and whose mother's name was Hannah, a daughter of Eld. Peleg Randall and Hannah Palmer, connecting N. R. with the numerous families of Randalls and Putnams of Connecticut. In 1818 his father removed to Lexox, N. Y., and in 1830 he entered Homer Academy, and in 1832 entered Sophomore class in Hamilton College, from which he graduated in 1835, and received a Master's degree in 1838. He entered the law office of Nicholas P. Randall in Manlius village in 1835, teaching three hours daily in the academy, and in spring of 1836 the law office of Judge Watson of Fayetteville (still teaching some), and from fall of that year to 1839 FAMILY SKETCHES. 175 he was principal of Fayetteville Academy, during which time he fitted a number of young men for advance entries in both Hamilton and Union Colleges. He then completed his law studies in the office of Col. Stephen Chapman, of Clarkville, N. Y. , and was admitted to the bar at Utica in 1840. In 1842 he married Sarah Cather ine Evans, by whom he had a son, Thomas D. Chapman, a veteran of the war of the Rebellion, now in Fayetteville, and she died in 1847. He afterwards married M. Maria Tibbitts, by whom he has three children, Sarah Fidelia, now at home with her parents ; Ella Lucinda, a graduate of Syracuse University, and for the last two years preceptress of Kingston Academy, Pa., and her twin brother, Levi Snell, also a graduate of said university and now (in 1895) a practicing attorney in Syracuse and a member of the Assembly, representing the Third District of Onondaga Co. Mr. Chapman is eighty-six years old and has been notary public for over six years and is the oldest practicing lawyer of Onondaga Co. Cole, Charles M., Manlius, was born in the village of Manlius, May 5, 1821. This is one of the oldest families in the town of Manlius. Garrett, the grandfather, was a native of Columbia Co. and came to this county in 1812. His son, Garrett, father of Charles, was also born in this town. He was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming. He died in 1823, aged 48 years, leaving nine children, of whom Charles M., the youngest, alone survives. Charles was educated in the com mon schools. At the age of fourteen he began an apprenticeship at the mason's trade, which he has since followed. In 1857 Mr. Cole bought a farm of 147 acres, where he has since made his home. The farm is conducted by his son, while Mr. Cole continues his trade. He was for a number of years a member and officer of the Methodist church, but now belongs to the Congregational Society. In 1848 he mar ried Catherine C.,. daughter of the late David Mabie, a farmer of this town, by whom he has two children: David M., who conducts the farm, and Gideon W., in the em ploy of the West Shore R. R. Co. Coon, Nathaniel, Manlius, was born in the town of Hillsdale, Columbia Co., June 22, 1826, and came to this county in 1852. He was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming. He settled in the town of Manlius and was for two years located on different farms on the Chittenango Turnpike, but in 1854 he leased a farm of forty-four and one-half acres, which he purchased in 1875 and where he made his home. He was a member of the Baptist church for over thirty years. In 1854, Mr. Coon married Martha J., daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Eaton) McLyman, both of whom died of cholera in Syracuse in 1833. Mr. and Mrs. Coon had six children : Stella, died in 1870, aged 12 years; Augusta, died in 1867, aged 11 years; Julia, died in 1882, aged 7 years; Frank, died in 1864, aged 18 years; Arthur M., of the firm of Coon & Potter, merchants of Fayetteville, and Lillian M. , wife of Frank A. Vedder, on the old homestead. Mr. Coon died March 1, 1890. Curtiss, Dr. Milton A., Manlius, was born in the town of Mexico, Oswego Co., N. Y. , March 18, 1855, second son of Harlow and Mercy M. (Shumway) Curtiss. He was educated in the common schools and the Mexico Academy. After leaving school he was engaged in mechanical work with his father for three years. In 1875 he en tered the medical department of the Syracuse University, graduating in June, 1878. He was then for one year in Bellevue Hospital and attended lectures at the medical department of the University of New York. In 1879 he opened an office in Kirk- 176 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. ville, where he has built up an extensive and profitable practice. In connection with 1 his practice the doctor conducts a drug store. Dec. 20, 1881, Dr. Curtiss married Julia A., daughter of Jerusha Hardy, of Syracuse, by whom he has one son: Clar ence, born Nov. 1, 1890. The doctor and his family attend the Methodist church. Cheney, Stephen, Manlius, was born in county Kent, England, March 19, 1831, and came to this country with his father in 1839. James, his father, was a gardener and located in Syracuse. He was killed by his horse at the first State Fair. His wife died in England in 1838, leaving four children : Edward, a machinist, of Chicago; Ransley, a farmer, of Neenah, Wis. ; Mrs. Mary A. Pierson, widow, of Neenah, Wis. ; and Stephen. The latter was educated in the common schools and followed various employments until he became of age. He then went as an apprentice with A. C. Powell to learn the machinist's trade, with whom be remained until 1861. That year he came to Manlius to take charge of Russell & Tremain's mower and reaper shop. He was employed as superintendent of these works until 1866, then became a part ner with K. H. C. Preston, manufacturing reapers and mowers. This firm existed until 1868, then as Preston, Cheney & Snook, carried on business until 1870, and was then Preston & Cheney Bros., until 1873. They sold out in 1874, retaining the foundry business. At that time Stephen bought his brother's interest and conducted the foundry alone. The firm became S. Cheney & Son in 1877. Mr. Cheney has served as a member of the Excise Board, and is trustee and steward of the Methodist church. In 1856 he married Mary M. Pierce, of Syracuse, who died May 8, 1865, leaving two children: Walter W. , and Mrs. Joseph Baker, of Syracuse. In 1866 Mr. Cheney married Mary L.. daughter of Horatio Lawrence, of Syracuse. Carhart, Nicholas, Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, April 3, 1836. Nicho las, his father, was a native of France, born in province Lorraine," Dec. 6, 1799, and came to this country in 1835, bringing his wife and three children. He was educated in France and was a mechanic of considerable merit in his own country. He was for many years engaged in making clocks. He settled at Manlius Center after ar riving in America. He was employed a short time on the railroad and after this was engaged in boiling salt in Syracuse for a number of years. He was then en gaged on leased farms until 1852, when he bought thirty-six acres in the town of Manlius, 'where he died Feb. 24, 1876. His wife, Anna Craner, died Sept. 8. 1878, aged 85 years. Six children were born of this union, two- of whom are now living: Emma, widow of George Hullar, of Manlius, and Nicholas. The latter was edu cated in the common schools of his native town. He was first employed on a farm, where he remained until 1862, when he entered the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. Co. as a day laborer, but in 1870 was promoted to the position of section foreman, which position he held for six years. On the death of his father, he returned to the old homestead, where he has since made his home. He now has a farm of fifty-eight acres on which he has erected a beautiful modern house, besides various other im provements. Nov. 26, 1861, he married Mary A., daughter of John Gerthoffer, by whom he has six children: Flora E., of East Syracuse; Julius F., died Sept. 11, 1873, aged six years; Ida A., wife of Frederick Bell, fireman, N. Y. C, living at East Syracuse; Bertha M., living at home; Augusta M., also living at home ; and Clar ence N., born July 31, 1882, and died Aug. 15, 1888. Dawley, William W., Manlius, son of Elisha and Mary Dawley, was born in FAMILY SKETCHES. 177 Lyons, Wayne Co., N. Y., Nov. 21, 1833, and came to Onondaga Co. when fourteen years of age. After attending the Munro Collegiate Institute at Elbridge he entered the rnachine shop of Ebenezer Daggett in Jordan as an apprentice and mastered the machinist's trade, after which he worked in the shops of the New York Central Rail road and still later as an engineer. Abandoning the business of a machinist in 1874 he engaged in farming near Elbridge until 1889, when he purchased the old Barber farm of 104 acres near Fayetteville, in the town of Manlius, where he now resides. In 1861 he married Miss Charlotte A., eldest daughter of Sterling and Olive (Crocker) Lamson, by whom he has one son, Frank E. , who was born Sept. 10, 1863. The Lamsons are of Scotch descent and trace their lineage to Ebenezer Lamson, sr., whose ancestry settled in Maine in 1600. His son, Ebenezer, jr., was the father of Benjamin Lamson, a Revolutionary soldier, who came with his family to Cedarville (then called "Terry Hollow"), Onondaga Co., in 1809. With him came his son Sterling, who on April 1, 1821, married Miss Olive, eldest daughter of Benjamin" Crocker, a soldier in the Revolutionary war, whose wife Hannah, was a daughter of Ephraim and Olive Wheeler. Their children are Myron H. Lamson, of Toledo, O., born Feb. 25, 1823; Milton G., of Onondaga, born July 14, 1824; Charlotte A., born Nov. 13, 1825; Caroline H., of Fayetteville, born July 8, 1834; and H. Amelia, of Maitland, Mo., born April 30, 1836. Sterling Lamson died Dec. 8, 1869, and his wife, Olive, on March 15, 1870. Frank E. Dawley was educated in the common schools of the county and attended the Munro Collegiate Institute in Elbridge for a few terms ; finishing there he was employed for a short time in a dairy store in Syracuse. He then followed the business of a commercial traveler for four years. Meanwhile, in fact during his active career, he has taken a laudable interest in de veloping and raising thoroughbred poultry, having always large flocks of his own, and lecturing upon the subject throughout this and many other States, giving an average of 200 lectures a year. He is one of the foremost speakers on this topic in the country, and the success he has' attained is forcibly attested by the constant de mand for his services. He is a pleasing, witty and brilliant orator, presenting his remarks in a thoroughly masterful manner, and holds his audiences in perfect har mony with the subject. At the Farmers' Institutes, at Grange meetings, and every where that agricultural subjects are discussed, his presence is constantly sought. He is a practical farmer. For six consecutive years he was secretary of the New York State Poultry Society, the largest association of its kind in the world, and for years has served as "superintendent of the horticultural department of the State Fair. He has also been secretary of the Central New York Pomona and master of the Syracuse Granges, and is an authority on dairying, poultry, stock raising, and kindred mat ters pertaining to the farm. For fourteen months he was the editor of the poultry department of the Rural World, and when the New York Homestead was started he became editor of that journal, which position he held until the paper was consoli dated with the American Agriculturist and moved to New York city. In every capacity he has been eminently successful, and especially as an exhibitor at State fairs and various poultry expositions, where he has secured many important prizes. Both William W. and F. E. Dawley are largely interested in the breeding of thor oughbred registered Jersey cattle, and are quite extensively engaged in fruit culture. and have originated some valuable varieties. At the World's Fair in Chicago in 178 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1893 he won a number of first prizes on both fruit and stock. June 16, 1891, Mr. Daw ley married Miss Carrie L., daughter of Zelotus C. and Catherine A. Barnes, of Syracuse, and they have had two children: Marian B. , born April 2, 1892, and Laura A., born March 30, 1895. Erkenbreck. Stephen, Manlius, was born in the town of Johnstown, Jan. 27, 1838. Frederick, his father, was born at Livingston's Manor, Columbia Co., July 8, 1805. The family are of Dutch descent and first came to this country in 1732. Their an cestors were soldiers in the French and Indian war, also members of the Continental army under General Washington. Frederick was five years old when his father Jacob, moved to Fulton Co. and engaged in farming and lumbering. He was edu cated in the common schools, then engaged in farming. In 1856 he moved to Onon daga 4o., buying a farm of seventy-six acres in the town of Manlius, where he died July 31, 1886. His wife, Gertrude Snell, died in May, 1882. They had four children, two of whom are now living, Sanford, a farmer of this town, and Stephen. The lat ter was given a good common school education and made a special study of mathe matics, studying at Cliff Hill, also in Illinois. After leaving school he engaged in farming and remained with his father until 1863. In 1865 he bought a farm of fifty- three acres, where he has since made his home. Mr. Erkenbreck has served as trustee of the schools. Jan. 7, 1863, he married Polly A. Van Tassell, of Manlius, who died June 28, 1872, leaving two children: Cora, wife of William Diefendorf,- and Kate, wife of Burt White. In 1874 Mr. Erkenbreck married Maria Metz, of Manlius. Ebeling, Frederick, Manlius, was born in Hohnhorst, Prussia, Nov. 10, 1822, and came to this country in 1849. He was educated in the common schools of his native land and spent three and one-half years in a school of mechanics, in which he learned the shoemaker's trade. After coming to this country he followed his trade in New York city until May of that year, then removed to Syracuse, where he lived a short time. In Oct. , 1849, he entered the employ of George Taylor, esq. , at Fayetteville, with whom he remained one year. In 1850 he began business for himself at Manlius Center, which he conducted very successfully for twelve years. In 1855 he bought a farm of forty acres in the village of Manlius Station, on which he erected a com fortable residence and outbuildings, and has made his home since 1860, conducting his farm successfully during that time. In politics Mr. Ebeling is a staunch Repub lican. He has been a member of the Masonic order since 1853, and an officer of the Evangelical church at Manlius for a great many years. On June 14, 1850, Mr. Ebeling was married to Miss Dorothy Meier, of Syracuse, and nine children were born to them, three of whom reached adult age : Charles Henry, born in 1852, died in 1853; Frederick H., born in 1855, educated in the common schools and business college, then entered the employ of the Salt Springs National Bank, of Syracuse, N. Y., where he remained eleven years. In 1883 he went into the seed and hard ware trade under the firm name of A. D. Perry & Co., continuing until 1892, when he purchased his partner's interest in the business, and has since conducted the same alone; and George E., born in 1858, who is in the meat trade in Fayetteville, N. Y. Everson, David, Manlius, was born in Manlius, Nov. 8, 1828. His father, David, was also born in. Manlius, April 22, 1799. John Everson, the grandfather, was of FAMILY SKETCHES. 179 Holland ancestry, living for a short time in Pennsylvania, then in Herkimer Co. and then became one of the first settlers in this town. David learned both the shoe maker's and carpenter's trades, but became a general mechanic, which business he always followed. He died in December, 1874. His wife, Huldah Carr, was also a native of this county. She died in 1890, aged 84 years. Of this union eleven chil dren were born, nine of whom are now living. David, the second son, was edu cated in the common schools of the day. He then engaged in farming. In 1852 he bought sixty-eight acres, but only lived on that farm for one year, then bought 270 acres on lots 89-79, where he has since made his home. In 1866 the barns were destroyed by fire and after being rebuilt were again destroyed in 1887. Since then Mr. Everson has built still better ones and now has a fine home. He has been a member of the Methodist church for thirty years. In 1850 Mr. Everson married Elizabeth, daughter of John Everson. third son of John Everson, the original settler. They have two children: Laura J., an artist and student of medicine, living at home; and Giles B., a graduate of Syracuse University class '81. He then studied two years with P. B. McLennan and Waters, and was admitted to the bar in 1884. He married Emma J. Fuller, of Brewertoii. Emmons, Frank P. , Manlius, was born in the town of Tully, May 25, 1852. Will iam A., his father, came to the town of Manlius in 1880, where he engaged in farm ing. He died in 1884. Frank was educated in the common schools and the Onon daga Academy, after which he was employed as a clerk in the establishment of Ormsbee & Co., of Syracuse, with whom he remained for two years. He then en tered Oberlin Academy of Ohio, from which he graduated in 1875. He was then employed as telegrapher on the D., L. & W. R. R. In 1878 he located in Manlius and became a partner in the general store of Champlin & Emmons. This partner ship existed for three years, when Mr. Champlin sold his interest to George M. Bell, which partnership lasted for ten years. Since 1891 Mr. Emmons has conducted the large store alone, in the building erected by Emmons & Bell in 1890. Mr. Emmons was president of the village for two terms, during which time the jail was built and the sidewalks on the south side of the street were built. He was also trustee for three years. He is a member of the Military Lodge No. 93, F. & A. M., also chap lain of the lodge. April 18, 1892, he was appointed postmaster, which position he still holds. In 1872 Mr. Emmons married Addie, daughter of James Johnson, a farmer of Manlius. They have five daughters: Marian A., Dena J., Frankie D., Minnie V., and Gladys M. Ecker, John A., Manlius, was born in Fayetteville, April 16, 1847. Henry, his father, was a native of Canajoharie, Montgomery Co. He was a tailor by trade and in 1832 he came to Fayetteville and opened a shop, which he conducted until 1879. He died April 16, 1887, aged 75 years. He served as postmaster in the village from 1861 to 1879. His wife, Adelia Tompkins, was a native of Dutchess Co. , and is still living. They had six children, three of whom are now living: Frank T.. a telegrapher of Chicago ; Jessie, of Syracuse ; and John A. The latter was educated in the common schools and Fayetteville Academy. After leaving school he went into the post-office with his father, where he remained until 1870, then became book keeper of the National Bank, holding that position until 1879. He then spent three years in Washington, D. C, as secretary and treasurer of the National Dredging 180 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Co. In 1882 he returned to the bank, where he remained until appointed postmaster, July 1, 1892. Mr. Ecker was supervisor of the town in 1888-89-90. In 1889 he was elected chairman of the Board of Supervisors. He is a member of the Masonic or der. In 1872 Mr. Ecker married Ida, daughter of Beach C. Beard. They have four children : J. Orville, a student at Princeton College ; John B. , Lewis C. , and Natalie. Fabing, Casper, Manlius, was born in France, Oct. 14, 1813, and came to this country in 1845. He bought a farm of sixty acres in the town of Manlius where he made his home up to the time of his death, which occurred Nov. 30, 1875. April 5, 1839, he married Maria, daughter of Lawrence Harter, by whom he had eight chil dren, five of whom are now living: Catherine Ball of Minnesota; John, blacksmith, of Fayetteville ; Hattie Ball of Dewitt, wife of a farmer ; Casper, a blacksmith of Or ville, and Joseph L. , who conducts the homestead farm. Mrs. Fabing was born Jan. 30, 1818. Joseph L. was born July 26, 1861. Nov. 22, 1880, he married Cath erine, daughter of Jacob Greiner, by whom he had five children: Joseph, born May 5, 1882; George, born Feb. 14, 1884; Mary, born Dec. 3, 1888; Catherine, born Aug. 19, 1892, and Margaret, born April 13, 1894. Frier, David, Manlius, was born in Fayetteville, July 19, 1852. Anthony Frier, his father, was a native of Germany and came to this country when a young man. After coming here he was employed in the construction of the Utica & Syracuse Railroad. In his later years he followed farming and is a resident of the town of Sullivan. David is the second of seven children. He was given a good common school education, and after leaving school he returned to his father's farm, where he remained until thirty years of age. In 1875 he built a cider mill in the town of Sul livan. In 1882 he bought of his brother, George L. Frier, a lot in the town of Man lius. In the same year he built a store and rented two years. In 1883 he removed his mill to Pool's Brook, in the town of Manlius, and in 1884 he stocked his store ¦with a general line of merchandise. In 1894 he discovered a bed of clay in the town of Sullivan called buff ; in 1895 he built a trial brick kiln and it proved a success. Dec. 21, 1882, Mr. David Frier married Margaret A. Case of Sullivan, by whom he has four children: Clayton A., born Jan. 16, 1884; Mabel C, born May 14, 1886; Olive F., born May 17, 1891, and Esther A., born Aug. 6, 1893. Garlock, Hiram, Manlius, was born in Canajoharie, Montgomery Co., June 1, 1830. The Garlock family is one of the oldest and most prominent in Montgomery Co. They are of German descent. Peter, father of Hiram, was the father of thirteen children, two of whom are now living. Hiram was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming. At the age of nineteen he learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed in Montgomery Co. until 1860, at which time he moved to Bridge port. He remained here four years, then moved to West Monroe. In 1874 he moved to Fayetteville, where he has since made his home. He has been engaged in con tracting for forty years and has built some of the finest houses in the town. He was also contractor of the Catholic church at La Fayette, M. E. church of Bridgeport, stone school, etc. In 1853 Mr. Garlock married Martha, daughter of Abram Miller, of Minden. They have had two children : Phoebe Catherine, died May 16, 1872, aged 17 years, and Elnora, died at the age of 3 years. Gardner, Fred D., Manlius, was born in Marcellus, Onondaga Co., Oct. 11, 1854. FAMILY SKETCHES. 181 His father, Ariel L. Gardner, was a farmer, and in his early days a manufacturer of cloth. Fred D. was the youngest of a family of six children. He was educated at Onondaga Academy, Syracuse High School and at Professor Bridgeman's select school in Syracuse. After leaving school he entered the law office of Smith, Mark- ham & Smith, as a student, being admitted to the bar at Rochester on Oct. 6, 1876. He remained with above firm about a year after he was admitted to the bar. He was a resident of Onondaga Valley all this time, and in 1877 he opened an office with Damon Coates in the Syracuse Savings Bank building, remaining there until March, 1881, when, on account of failing health, he bought a farm of 100 acres on the town line of Pompey, thirty acres of which he still owns in the town of Manlius. He opened an office in the village of Manlius, in 1884, which he still conducts. In 1894 Mr. Gardner began a speculation in real estate in Manlius, having erected fifteen houses, and is now building an opera house, office and store building, 66 by 80 feet. The first floor will contain three stores, second floor for offices and a large hall that will seat 700 people. January 24, 1877, he married Mary E. Huntington of Onon daga Valley, and they have two daughters : M. Gertrude and Marjorie H. , both students of Manlius Academy. Gridley, Daniel Webster, M^anlius, was born in the town of Cazenovia, Jan. 8, 1841, only son of Timothy and Elizabeth (Hessler) Gridley. He was educated m the common schools and Cazenovia Seminary. He afterwards took a course in the Meads Business College in Syracuse. After leaving school he conducted his father's farm for two years, then went to Pennsylvania, where he was engaged in the oil and lumber business for a year and a half. In 1868 he moved on to a farm in Hartsville, near Mycenae, where he has since made his home. The farm is called Cold Spring, and on it Mr. Gridley has one of the most beautiful homes in eastern Onondaga. The residence was erected in 1870, and in the following year improvements were made on the outbuildings, and since then a creamery, grain barn and tobacco barn have been built. The farm contains 312 acres and is devoted to grain and tobacco cultivation, also very fine fruits. The principal feature is the dairy. Mr. Gridley has ninety head of stock. They make large quantities of butter on the farm, which is marketed in Syracuse. He is a member of Fayetteville Lodge No. 508, F. and A. M., and Fayetteville Grange No. 610. He is a director of the Syracuse and Fay etteville Plank Road, also director and extensive stockholder of the Pomona Ex change of Syracuse. March 23, 1864, he married Helen M. , daughter of Daniel and Lany (Ehle) Gates of Chittenango, Madison Co., by whom he has four sons: Oliver G., born Jan. 11, 1865, educated at Chittenango Graded School, conducts the farm; Francis W. , born June 20, 1868, educated at Chittenango, teller of Salt Springs Bank of Syracuse; Willis T., born Jan. 10, 1870, educated at Chittenango and Cornell Uni versity, class of '92, now of the firm of Miller, Gridley & Pratt of Syracuse, admit ted to the bar in 1893, and George L., educated at Chittenango, spent one year in the Agricultural department of Cornell and graduated from Cleveland Homoeo pathic Medical College in March, 1894. He now has an office in the Kenyon block, Syracuse. Gillett, Nathaniel M. , Manlius, was born in the town of Pompey, Feb. 6, 1820. Nathaniel, his father, was a native of Litchfield Co., Conn., and came to this county early in the nineteenth century. He was a strict; upright business man. There are 182 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. five children now living: Mrs. Eunice Hendricks of Manlius; Mrs. Malita Nash of Cazenovia; Emeline, widow of Allan H. Avery of Manlius; Angeline, widow of Nelson Coope of Oil City, Pa. , and Nathaniel M. The latter was educated in the com mon schools and Pompey Academy, then engaged in farming. In 1842thefamilymoved to the town of Dewitt, and in 1864 Nathaniel M. came to the town of Manlius and bought a farm of thirty-two and one-half acres, where, in 1867, he built a beautiful home. He has given up active farming and deals in wool, tobacco and hops. In 1849 Mr. Gillett married Harriet Beebe of Pompey, who died in 1867, leaving two children: Amos, who lives at home, and Sarah, wife of Charles Collin, a farmer of Manlius. In 1874 Mr. Gillett married Elizabeth H. Ecker of Manlius. Harter, James, Manlius, was born in Manlius June 3, 1822. Henry, his father, was born in Columbia, Herkimer Co., in 1796, and came to the town of Manlius with his parents when six years old. Lawrence, grandfather of James, bought 300 acres on lot 46 in Manlius ; where he made his home. He died in 1832. During the Rev olutionary war he was taken prisoner by the Indians and English and taken to Canada, where he was held for two years. Henry Harter held various town offices, having been road commissioner, also collector. He was the father of eleven children, six of whom are now living. He died Oct. 30, 1863. His wife, Hannah Reals, died Jan. 6, 1852, aged 51 years. James has always engaged in farming and has resided on his present farm for 38 years. He was collector of the town in 1862, overseer of the poor in 1863-64, besides various minor offices. March 30, 1851, Mr. Harter married Eliza A. Chango, of Sullivan, Madison Co., who died March 19, 1894, aged 71 years. They had two children : Annis Amelia, died Sept. 23, 1859, aged 7 years ; and Elmer E., born June 19, 1861, educated in the common schools and married Sept. 21, 1887, Ida A. Fry, by whom he has two children: Willie J., born Jan. 9, 1890; and Irene M., born June 10, 1892. Howard, John J. , Manlius, was born in Upper Canada, March 25, 1848. He was given a good common school education after which he engaged in farming, which he followed until 1870. He then removed to New York State, settling in Syracuse, where he was employed for a short time as a day laborer, but soon learned the mason's trade and was for six years engaged in that work. In 1877 he located on a small farm near Centreville, where he was engaged in gardening until 1881. He then returned to Syracuse and was for thirteen years engaged in masonry on some of the best buildings in the city. His. last work at the trade was as foreman of the mason work on the Bastable block. In the spring of 1894 he bought a farm of 103 acres in the town of Manlius, where he is engaged in farming. In 1870 Mr. Howard married Ellen Pollard, of Nova Scotia, by whom he has four children : Cecelia, died Feb. 4, 1884, aged 14 years; Joseph, assists on the farm; James S., lives at home; and Nellie, also living at home. Haar, George, Manlius-, was born in Germany, province Lorraine, Oct. 14, 1839, and came to this country March 27, 1867. Jacob, his father, came to this country June 25, 1867, and bought a farm of 53 acres in the town of Manlius, where he made his home up to the time of his death, which occurred May 10, 1888, aged 73 years. His wife, Mary A. Burgan, is still living on the old homestead at the age of 77. Ten children were born of this union, eight of whom are now living: George, Mrs. Mary A. Heigel, Mrs. Magdalin Snyder, Nicholas, Mrs. Hannah Greiner, Louis, Adelia, FAMILY SKETCHES. 183 widow of Louis Greiner, and Jacob. The boyhood of George was passed in his native country, where he was educated and spent seven years in the regular army. He learned the trade of cutting glass in his native land, but on his arrival here he was employed on the railroad for three years, then spent three months in New York city. He was then again employed on the railroad. Jan. 9, 1870, he married Mary A., daughter of Stephen Zion, also a native of Lorraine. After his marriage, Mr. Haar worked different farms on shares and in 1871 he bought eight acres and then in 1876 bought 50 acres, which he sold in 1887. In 1888 he bought 61 acres, which he has since increased to 65 and now has a fine farm with good residence and out buildings. In 1893 he erected a horse barn which is a great improvement. Mr. and Mrs. Haar have two children: Mathias, now with his father on the farm, and Rosa Isabella, who also lives at home. Mrs. Haar is the mother of five children by a former marriage, of whom Sylvester Myers forms a part of Mr. Haar's family. Hinsdale, David H., Manlius, was born in the town of Pompey, April 25, 1814. Moses Hinsdale, his father, was born in Lenox, Madison Co., and came to Pompey about 1790. He started with only 50 acres of land but by his industry and perse verance, he acquired over 600 acres. He also owned about 500 acres in Yates Co. His wife, Rachel Hibbard, was a native of Connecticut. They had a family of ten children. David, the third son, was educated in the common schools and Cazenovia Seminary. After leaving school he was engaged with his father in farming until 22 years of age. In 1836, David was started, as was all the other children, with S2.000 in land and continued to live in Pompey until 1854. He then bought two farms in Manlius. The home farm has 90 acres and Mr. Hinsdale has opened up three quar ries on the farm, which are considered the best in the land. The limestone used in Grace church was from these quarries. He also burned lime here for twenty years. He married Sophia Noyes, of Otsego Co. , by whom he has four children : Sarah E. , wife of Frank A. May, of Syracuse; Henry D., of Scranton, Pa. ; Carrie S., wife of Elijah Stanton, of Manlius; and Charles A. Holzworth, Edward A., Manlius, was born in Lyons, Wayne Co., Aug. 1, 1870. Andrew, his father, was a native of Wurtemburg,' Germany, andcame to thiscountry in 1854. He was educated in the German schools and when he came here gave up the shoemaker's trade and took up the study of theology. He has been preaching about thirty years in the German Evangelical churches of this State. He came to 'Manlius in 1877. He was for sixteen years presiding elder of the Albany district and for the last year has had charge of the Evangelical church at Geneva, N. Y. Ed ward A. is the youngest of a family of six children. He was educated in the common - schools, then engaged in farming. Rev. Andrew Holzworth has been for a number of years conducting his farm of 85 acres as a fruit farm and m 1892 the whole 85 acres were set off for Edward A., which is known as the " Manlius Station Fruit Farm." He has about four acres of strawberries, one acre and a half of red rasp berries, twenty-five peach trees, and the same number of plum, pear and prunes, the annual output of the farm being about one thousand dollars worth. Dec. 81, 1891, Mr. Holzworth married Elizabeth, daughter of John Fisher, of Attica, N. Y. They have one son, Ralph Edward, now four months old. Hueber, Louis, Manlius, was born in France, July 19, 1832, and came to this country in 1852. He was educated in German, Italian and French in his native land. 184 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. He lived in Syracuse a short time, also in Dewitt, but in 1854 located in Fayetteville, where he bought a farm of seven acres and set out a vineyard, which was the first to be set out in the town. He has followed fruit culture and carpentering ever since. In 1854 Mr. Hueber married Agnes Sherrhart, of France, by whom he has eight children : Oliver, Frank, Louis, leading contractors and builders, of Syracuse; Charles, merchant of Fayetteville ; Rev. S. P. Hueber, C. M. , of St. Louis, Mo. , pastor of St. Vincent De Paul church ; Mary A. ; Louise Agnes ; and Gertrude R. Louise is the organist of the church of the Immaculate Conception, of Fayetteville. Heifer, Albert, Manlius, was born at Manlius Station, Feb. 28, 1862. Joseph, his father, a native of Germany, was born in 1823 and was only five years old when his parents came to this country. His father, Ignatius, is remembered by the older residents as a violinist of considerable merit. Joseph has also furnished music for numerous parties in this section. He was reared on a farm, then went to Syracuse to learn the cabinetmaker's trade, which he followed until 1861. He then returned to Manlius Station and started a hotel on the west side of Main street, where he re mained for one year, then had the Flick place for two years. In 1863 he bought a place adjoining and established the hotel he has since conducted. In 1876 the hotel was destroyed by fire but was soon rebuilt. The following year Albert became a partner. The firm of Heifer & Son handle groceries, provisions, dry goods, etc., and are now conducting a bupiness of extensive proportions. The hotel is of modern style, artistic architecture, and can furnish accommodation for twenty guests. Mr. Heifer is secretary of Branch 32 of the C. M. B. A. Oct. 9, 1888, Albert Heifer mar ried Nellie Paltz, of Manlius, who died Aug. 1, 1889, leaving one child: Clarence Joseph, aged five years. May 24, 1893, Mr. Heifer married Anna Litchisson,' of Bridgeport, by whom he has one child: Leo Charles, born April 27, 1894. Kippley, Charles, Manlius, was born in Manlius, Feb. 10, 1840, son of Sebastian and Katherine Kippley. He was given a good common school education and after leaving school he engaged as teamster for two years. He was then employed with Ashbel Bell for four years. In 1862 he engaged with Jacob Amos to work on his canal boat and followed canalling until 1864. Sept. 21 of that year he enlisted in Co. G, 2d N. Y. Cavalry. He served with this regiment until the close of the war and was discharged at Alexandria, Va., June 5, 1865. He then returned to his native town and entered the employ of Robert Shoemaker for one year. March 26, 1866, he married Frances, daughter of George Butler, of Cicero. He then bought a farm of 95 acres in partnership with Mr. Shoemaker. The next year he sold his interest to his partner and bought fifty acres on Lot 36. The next year he sold this farm and bought the old homestead farm to which he has added until he now has a fine farm of fifty acres, good residence and all new out buildings. Mr. Kippley is a member of Bolster Post, No. 608, G. A. R. and a member of St. Lucy's church. Mr. and Mrs. Kippley have two children : Grace, wife of Charles B. Reed, a farmer of North Manlius ; and Charles S. , an employee of Peter Snyder. Loomis, Lorenzo, Manlius, was born in Berkshire Co., Mass., Feb. 19, 1808. The family trace their descent back to Joseph Loomis, who came from Braintree, Eng land, in 1638, and settled in Windsor, Conn., in 1639. Hezekiah Loomis, the father of Lorenzo D., was born in Westfield, Mass., and oame to New York State in 1817 and settled at Oran, where he spent the balance of his life, dying in 1852. Lorenzo FAMILY SKETCHES. 185 D. , the youngest of the three sons was given a good education and as soon as old enough engaged in the mercantile business at Oran, where he also filled the position of postmaster for many years. In 1851 he removed to Syracuse, where he engaged in contract work on railroads, etc., which profession he followed for many years. He died in Troy, Dec. 20, 1871. Mr. Loomis was a member of the Masonic Lodge for a great many years. In 1835 he married Sarah, daughter of Artemus Jackson, by whom he had three children. One child died in infancy, Chandler H. is president of the Atlantic Dredging Co., of New York city; and Harriet, widow of the late C. B. Morse, a civil engineer of considerable fame. Lewis, Edward, Manlius, was born at Manlius Center, Aug. 21, 1851. Jabez, his father, was a native of Montgomery Co. and was one of the earliest settlers in the town of Manlius. On his arrival here he took up a large tract of land and was influ ential in having a large part of the northern portion of the town settled and culti vated. He established a store at Manlius Center, which at that time was one of the most extensive in the county. He represented his district twice in the State Assem bly and was supervisor of the town a number of times. He died Oct. 27 1872. He was the father of eight children, five of whom are now living. Edward, the third son, was educated in the common schools. After leaving school he engaged in farming until nineteen years of age. He then went west and entered the employ of the Union Pacific R. R. Co., as fireman, where he remained two years. Returning to New York State, he entered the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. Co. In the fifteen years he has had charge of an engine, he has had but one accident. He is a member of Division 14, Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and also of the Royal Arcanum Lodge No. 383. Jan. 16, 1875, Mr. Lewis married Susan E., daughter of Capt, David P. Johnson, of Milton, Delaware. They are the parents of three very bright children and they intend to give them the highest education within their reach. They are Eva May, Seward E., and Esther Olive. Murray, Blake A., Manlius, was born in Collamer, town of Dewitt, Aug, 15, 1858. George Murray, his father was born in Albany Co. in 1824, where he made his home until his marriage, which occurred, when he was twenty-one years old. He then moved into Cicero, where he lived for a few years, then moved to Collamer, where he made his home until April, 1867. He then returned to his native town, where he remained until the April preceding his death, which occurred June 20, 1872, then moved into the town of Dewitt on a farm of 140 acres, which he bought in 1870. The old homestead containing 100 acres, was purchased in 1867 and is still owned by the family. The wife of George, Harriet J. , is a daughter of Robert Knox, a native of the town of Manlius. She is now living in Syracuse at the age of sixty-eight years. Of this union seven children were born, three of whom are now living: Cassius W. , a farmer of South Bay ; Robert A. , who conducts a sale stable in Syracuse and is manager of the old homestead farm ; and Blake A. Blake was given a good com mon school education. He then engaged' in farming and lived on the farm of his parents until 1877. At the division of the farm, after his father's death, he took the 45 acres on the south side of the road, and after his marriage in 1877, he conducted that for two years and then sold to his brother. He then conducted a farm at Cicero Center for ten years, then the Rood farm in Manlius for one year. In 1891 he took charge of the Stephen M. Clement farm, working it on shares. This is a fine farm 186 , ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. of 155 acres on which a general line of farming is followed, making specialties of tobacco, grain and hay. Mr. Murray has held several minor town offices. Nov. 1, 1877, he married Sarah A., daughter of John R. and Sarah A. (Hamilton) Lowe. John R. Lowe was a native of England, born in Tenterden, Kent Co., in 1824, and came to this country in 1843. He died Jan. 10, 1894. Mr. and Mrs. Murray have eight children: John L., aged 16; Harriet J., aged 14; George W, aged 12; Fred A., aged 10; Willie B., aged 8; Mabel E., aged 6; and Frank R., aged 4 years, and Hazel M., aged 5 months. Maine, Marvin T., Manlius, was born in the town of Sullivan, Madison Co., Sept. 1, 1842. Paul P., his father, was a native of Madison Co., and a farmer. He died Jan. 4, 1845. His wife, Parmelia Barber, also a native of Madison Co., is still living, aged seventy-seven years. Marvin was educated in the ^ommon schools, Cazenovia Seminary and Fayetteville Academy. After leaving school he lived with his uncle on a farm until twenty-two years of age. He then went to Illinois with his mother, returning to this section in 1876. In 1882 he bought the Gardner farm of four and one-half acres on the Syracuse road, where he devotes his attention to the cultivation of fruit. He is a Republican, but has never aspired to public office. Mabie, Oliver, Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, April 4, 1826. David Mabie, his father, was born at Stone Arabia, Montgomery Co., May 18, 1796 He had a good business education and always followed farming. In 1817 he came with his father, Abram, to Onondaga Co., locating at Hartsville, where Abram bought 100 acres of land and made his home for ten years. He died in 1832. In 1827 David bought sixty acres one mile north of where Oliver now lives. He died Feb. 10, 1856. His wife, Catherine Bellinger, was a native of Palatine, who died Nov. 14, 1888, aged 93 years, Of this union nine children were born, six of whom are now living. Oliver, the second son, was given a good common school education. He has in creased the ancestral acreage to 300 acres and owns 218 acres in Sullivan, Madison Co. , making him one of the leading landholders in the county. Mr. Mabie and his family attend the Universalist church of Kirkville. Nov. 26, 1861, he married Re becca A., daughter of the late Stephen F. Chaffee, a manufacturer of Cazenovia. They have three children: Catherine J., wife of Jacob A. Link, a farmer and hop grower of Sullivan; Oliver C. , assists his father on the farm, married March 30, 1891, Flora Bull of Sullivan, by whom he has one child, D. Edgar, born Feb. 1, 1894; and Henry E. , eighteen years old, student of Wells College, now living at home. Moulter, Oliver W., Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, Feb. 22, 1838. David Moulter, his father, was born in Madison Co. , in 1805. His first farm in this town was on the Salt Springs road, where he made his home for twenty years, then settled in Manlius village, where he died June 29, 1887. His wife, Catherine Negus, was a native of Rhode Island and died Feb. 25, 1895. Four children were born of this union : Mrs. Jane Bangs of Fayetteville ; Hiram, also of Fayetteville ; Mrs. Sarah Steel of Wichita, Kansas, and Oliver. The latter was educated in the common schools of his native town. , After leaving school he was engaged in farming for a time, but afterward engaged in dealing in. stock; then returned to farm work. In 1861 he bought a farm of 108 acres in Manlius, but removed to the village of Man lius in' 1885, where he now makes his home. Mr. Moulter is agent for the Adrience Piatt Machine Co. , also Solid Comfort Plow Co. of South Bend, Ind. He is a mem- FAMILY SKETCHES. 187 ber of Lime Stone Creek Lodge, I. O. O. F., and has passed all the chairs. In 1873 Mr. Moulter married Ella, daughter of Horace Chapman, a farmer of Pompey. She died July 9, 1891, leaving two children: Grace E. and Nellie E. Mason, Wilbur W., Manlius, was born in Michigan, Oct. 23, 1864. The family trace their descent back to Mason of the " Mason & Dixon Line" fame. Three gen erations of the family were natives of Michigan. John Q., father of Wilbur, died in De Ruyter, Madison Co. , March 17, 1892. His wife, Mary S. Sweetland, was a na tive of De Ruyter and is now living with Wilbur, the only surviving child of this union. He was educated in the city schools and Syracuse High School. After leav ing school he was employed with Pierce, Butler & Pierce of Syracuse for six years. He then established a flour and feed store, which he conducted for two years. In 1890 he bought the Eugene Pratt farm of sixty acres in Fayetteville, making a spe cialty of fruit culture, having thirteen acres devoted to grapes. In 1884 Mr. Mason married Elizabeth J. Nicholson of Port Byron, Cayuga Co. , by whom he has two children: Wilbur W. /jr., aged 8 years, and Katherine Sweetland Mason, aged 2 years. McLyman, Nathan, Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, April 4, 1826. His father, Jacob, was a native of New York State, probably Oswego Co. He was a cooper by trade and was for a number of years employed in Salina. At the time of the cholera epidemic in Syracuse, in 1832, both parents of Nathan were stricken and died. As Nathan was only eight years of age, he for a time made his home with his uncle, Nathan ; also with his grandmother McLyman. When nine years of age he went to live with David Collin, with whom he remained until twenty-three years of age. January 1, 1849, he married Annie C, a daughter of David Castleman, a farmer of Manlius. After his marriage he settled on one of Mr. Collin's farms, where he made his home for ten years. In 1859 he moved to the Oak Grove farm, where he spent two years ; then moved on to the Ambrose Clark farm, where he re mained for three years. In 1864*he bought a farm of eighty-seven acres on Lot 67, where he made his home two years, then sold and bought a farm of seventy-three acres on Lot 67, where he has since made his home. He has greatly improved the property, and has now one of the pleasantest homes in the town. Mr. McLyman has been a member of< the Baptist church for thirty years. He has five children living: Lucy, wife of George L. Taylor ;" Ellen, wife of Byron Brower of Dolgeville, Herki mer Co. ; Sarah, wife of Adelbert Rasbach of Dolgeville; Ambrose, a farmer of Man lius, and Mary, wife of Albert Daniels of Hartsville. Moore, La Fayette T., Manlius, was born in the town of Marshall, Oneida Co., May 9, 1836. Thomas A., his father, also a native of Marshall, was born Jan. 19, 1812. He was educated in the common schools and always took a great interest in medicine. When thirty-three years old he went to study with Dr. George Sheldon of Cazenovia, with whom he studied about one year, and at the death of Dr. Buckly of Manlius in Dec. , 1845, Dr. Moore moved to Manlius and engaged in the practice that was destined to make him one of the most reputable and distinguished physi cians of the county. In 1850 he took lectures at the Syracuse Medical College, and was given a diploma with the degree in 1851. In 1834 Dr. Moore married Fidelia Maltby of Sauquoit, Oneida Co. , who died April 30, 1852. He then married Mary Robertson of EUicottville, Cattaraugus Co. Dr. Moore died March 10, 1885. The 188 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. children of the first marriage were : Verdine, died 1838, aged 2 years and 10 months ; Rosamond F., died in 1852, aged 14 years; Julia, died 1840, aged 9 months; Edgar" A., merchant of Manlius; and La Fayette. The latter was educated in the common schools and Manlius Acadenfy. After leaving school he engaged in farming, which he followed until twenty-one years of age. He was then engaged in mechanical pursuits and farming intermittently until 1866, when he bought a blacksmith shop in the village of Manlius, of which he was proprietor nearly seven years. The win ter of 1872-73 he spent at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., as engineer on government con tract. In the latter part of 1873 he bought a farm of sixty acres in Manlius, where he has since made his home. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity of Military Lodge No. 93, also a member of the choir of the Congregational church of Kirkville. In Sept., 1856, Mr. Moore married Lovina, daughter of Harvey Eaton, a farmer and manufacturer of Manlius. They have had five children; Ida L., wife of Furman Sponberg of Manlius ; Rosamond F. , wife of Jasper Hopper of Hannibal ; James E. , of the U. S. Army, now farming ; Leon, clerk in dry goods store at Utica, and Helen M. , a massage treater of Syracuse. Moore, Dr. Thomas Atherton, Manlius, was born in the town of Marshall, Oneida Co., Jan. 26, 1812. The family are of Scotch and English descent. Amos Moore, his father, was a native of Salem, Mass., and an early settler of New York State, coming here at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Betsey Atherton, his wife, was also a native of Massachusetts. Thomas A. was the seventh of a family of eleven children. He was educated in the academy at Waterville and in a select school in Marshall kept by Prof. Ingersoll, father of Robert, of theological fame. Having a natural faste for medicine, he began reading while yet a student of twenty years of age. He taught school, assisted on the farm and was engaged in various ways during his early years. In 1839 he went to Cazenovia, where, after a few years on a farm, he returned to the reading of medicine with Dr. Sheldon. In 1849 he located in the village of Manlius, and in the fall of that year entered Central Med ical College, from which institution he received a diploma Feb. 1, 1850. He con tinued his practice in Manlius thirty-five years and died March 10, 1885, respected by all who knew him. In 1834 Dr. Moore married Fidelia Maltby of Oneida Co., who died in 1851, leaving three children. He then married Mary, daughter of Clark Robertson of EUicottville, Cattaraugus Co., N. Y. One child of this union survives him: Frank R. , a graduate of Colgate University, now beginning his thirteenth year as principal of No. 34 Grammar School at Brooklyn, N. Y. Nolta, William H., Manlius, was born in Germany, Nov. 3, 1817, and came to this country in 1856. He was given a good education in the Lutheran schools of his native land, and when he came to the United States he located in Chittenango, en tering the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. Co. He followed railroading until 1858, then removed to Chicago, where he remained one year, then returned to this State. After spending three years more in Chittenango, in 1861 he bought a farm of twenty- four and one-half acres in the town of Manlius, making other purchases until he had a fine farm of fifty-eight acres, where he died, Dec. 23, 1873. Mr. Nolta was an offi cer of the Evangelical church of Manlius. In 1848 he married Dorothy Herman, by whom he had six sons: August, a locomotive engineer on the N. Y. C. R. R. ; Fred erick H., conducts a blacksmith and wagon shop in East Syracuse; William, a farmer FAMILY SKETCHES. 189 of Kirkville ; Otto conducts the old homestead farm in partnership with his brother John ; and Frank, also a farmer at Kirkville. Mrs. Nolta is still living at the age of 74 years in feeble health. Osborn, Ozias, Manlius, was born in New Hartford, Oneida Co., N. Y., April 7, 1825. Ozias, his grandfather, was a native of Massachusetts. He was drowned in his native State in 1794. Ozias, his son, was born in Massachusetts in 1794, and at the age of eighteen he was serving in the Continental army, located at Sackett's Harbor. He came to New Y'ork State when a young man and located in Oneida Co. He married Lucy, daughter of Ira Porter, of Oneida Co. , by whom he had four chil dren, of whom Ozias was the youngest. Ozias, the father, was killed in 1828, while digging a well. Mrs. Osborn died in 1877, aged 72 years. The' boyhood of Ozias (our subject) was spent in Oneida Co., and he was educated in the common schools. After leaving school he engaged in coopering, which he followed for six years, then took up the carpenter and joiner trade, which he worked at for six years. In 1868 he bought the Bridgeport cheese factory, which he conducted for eleven years, and in 1879 he bought the Marcy farm of sixty-six acres in the town of Manlius, which he has since conducted as a fruit and grain farm. He has two and one-half acres of grapes, one acre of strawberries, and other fruits. In 1880 he built a cheese factory on the farm, which he conducted for four years. Mr. Osborn has never as pired to political office, although he has been voluntarily offered such at different times. Jan. 1, 1849, he married Mary C. , daughter of Prof. Henry Herbener, by whom he had six children: Charles H., a musician, died Sept. 1, 1872, aged 20 years; Frank C, a graduate of Syracuse University and inventor of the Osborn cash regis ter, now resides in Detroit, Mich.; Augustus R., a machinist of Smith Typewriter Works of Syracuse ; Theresa C. , wife of George Crownhart, of South Bay ; Ida, Wife of Frank Tuttle, of Madison Co., died May 21, 1885, aged 23; and Elmer, a postal clerk on the Auburn division of the N. Y. C. R. R., now 36 years of age. Palmer Family History, Manlius. — One of the oldest families of this town is of the above name. We learn that Elias Sanford Palmer of Stonington, Conn., 'pur chased a soldier's right of 600 acres, lo£ 64, in the town of Manlius, and in 1805, July 4, his son Charles settled on one-half of the same, and in 1812, Sanford, another son, located here, and the farm was divided between them and has since been occupied by their descendants. Charles Palmer was the father of five sons and two daugh ters. Henry D., the father of our subject, was the third son. He was born on the old homestead farm in 1809, and after his marriage to Harriet Cady of Madison Co,, was located in Oneida Co. near Oneida Castle for a short time, and it was here that A. Cady was born. But one other child was born to this union, Beatrice Palmer of Fayetteville. A. Cady Palmer was educated in the common schools and at Chitte nango Polytechnic School, graduating from the latter institution as a civil engineer. He was one of the surveyors of the Erie Canal at the time of its enlargement, and was engaged on Western railroads at the time of the breaking out of the war. In July, 1861, he enlisted with the engineer corps of the 50th Regiment and was in the army service three and one-half years. He went out a second lieutenant and the next year was made first lieutenant and soon after was given a captain's commis sion. After his return he followed contracting for a few years and then settled down on the old homestead, making his home in the house built by his grandfather in 190 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1825. Mr. Palmer has always been a staunch Republican and a hard worker for his party, and is now serving his sixth year as supervisor of the town. He was first elected to that office in 1883, serving three successive terms with great credit to him self as the advocate of all that pertained to the best interests of his constituents. His second term (1884) he was given the honor and distinction of being chosen chairman of the Board of Supervisors. After a period of five years' rest he was again chosen chief executive of his town, and is now serving his fourth successive term. Such is the record of a man who has many friends and few enemies. The other descendants Of Charles Palmer living in Onondaga Co. are Luther J., Sara A., Zada E. , Kate A., and Mrs. Elizabeth Erkenbeck of Fayetteville, and Mrs. Ella E. Barber of Manlius, children of Jerome B. Palmer, and Mrs. Mary W. Nichols of Fayetteville. Sanford Palmer came from Stonington. Conn., in 1812, with his family of five sons and three daughters, and located in Manlius, near the present village of Fayetteville. He died Oct. 4, 1828. Sanford Billings Palmer, his oldest son, was born in 1793, and married Polly Chapman of Stonington, and they were the parents of two sons and two daughters. In politics Mr. Palmer was in early life a Whig, but afterward promi nently identified with the anti-slavery movement,~at the time of his death acting with the Republican party. His son, Byron R. Palmer, was a prominent and suc cessful business man and was at the time of his death, in 1886, the president of the National Bank of Fayetteville. The only surviving member of the family is Mrs. Fidelia Eaton, widow of Dan Hibbard Eaton, who was a prominent member of the old transportation line between Syracuse and Oswego. He is remembered as an active member of the Second Baptist church of Syracuse. Denison Palmer, the third son of Sanford Palmer, was born Dec. 2, 1800. In 1812 he came to Manlius, and until 1830 his life was spent upon the farm ; afterward for some years he was en gaged in milling and mercantile business. .Until 1850 he acted with the Democratic party, then joining the Free Soil movement, he became, and continued until his death, an ardent Republican. Though never an aspirant for public office, he was in duced, by reason of his strong interest in the cause of popular education, to fill for many years offices of trust connected with the public schools. . He died July 22, 1874. He was married May 2, 1829, to Almira, daughter of Amasa Martin, who located in 1809 where Dewitt now stands. The only child of this union was Sophia L. Palmer, who was married Nov. 13, 1856, to Thomas B. Robinson, and who resides at the homestead in the village of Fayetteville occupied by the family since .1831. Phillips, Willard J., Manlius, was born in Copenhagen, Lewis Co., Feb. 8, 1857. Amos Phillips, his father, was a native of Vermont and came to Lewis Co. .when a young man of fifteen years of age, where he learned the miller's trade and followed it for over fifty years. He was also engaged in the manufacture of plows and cheese boxes. He died in the town of Manlius (where he removed in 1885) Oct. 9, 1890. His wife, Freelove Carr, died May 14, 1893. Willard, the youngest of a family of five children, was educated at Martin Institute in Martinsburg and when seventeen years of age he entered his father's mill, with whom he remained until he became-of age. In 1887 his father left the mill and Willard established a flour and feed store in Martinsburg, which he conducted for a year, then leaving his father to conduct the store, he accepted the position of head miller of Bradway & Crofoote Steam Flour Mill at South Butler, Wayne Co. , which position he held for four years. In 1885 FAMILY SKETCHES. 191 Peter Snyder (see his history) offered him an increase of salary to come to Manlius Station and he was in his employ for three years, and then conducted his mill one year as proprietor. In 1887 he bought the old stone mill at Manlius, which he has greatly improved. Mr. Phillips has filled the office of trustee for two years and in 1894 was elected president of the village, and was re-elected in 1895. He has been a member of Military Lodge No. 93 for five years, also is a member of the M. E. church, of which he is steward. Platto, Alexander F., Manlius, was born in Guilderland, Albany Co., July 17, 1819. Frederick Platto, his father, moved to Onondaga Co. in 1836, locating near Syracuse He was by trade a mechanic. He had previously bought 160 acres of land in Sulli van, Madison Co., where he removed in 1837, leaving Alexander employed at his trade of carpenter and joiner in the village of Kirkville; was educated in the city schools of Albany previous to his coming to this county, and followed his trade until fifty years of age, building many of the residences of the town. He was a member of the I. O. O. F. Mr. Platto was elected justice of the peace in 1857 and with the exception of four years, has held that position continually ever since. He has been a resident of Manlius Station since 1863 and has been trustee of the school many years and is now clerk of the district. In 1847 Mr. Platto married Marion Blanch ard of Dewitt, who died June 29, 1849. The present Mrs.' Platto was Sarah A. , daughter of the late Michael Kellar of Dewitt. Marion Blanchard Platto, wife of Edwin A. Smith, a boot and shoe manufacturer of Spencer, Mass. , is a daughter of his second wife, Delia A. Blanchard. Their son, Cortland C. Platto, died in 1887, aged 26 years. Rowland, Frank B., Manlius, was born in the town of La Fayette, near Cardiff, Nov. 12, 1859. The first of the Rowland family to come to this country was Isaac, grandfather of Frank B., who was a native of Vermont and came here when a young man. Harlow" O., father of Frank B., was born in La Fayette, June 30, 1825, and has always followed farming in that town. His wife, Malora N. Newell, is also a native of this county and is still living at the age of 60 years. Six children were born of this union, of whom Frank B. is the oldest. He was educated in the com mon schools, also by his well chosen reading- and close observation. After leaving school, he engaged in farming, which he has always followed with the exception of one year (1891) when he occupied the position of superintendent of the Eureka Plaster Co. at Syracuse. In 1886 he bought the Martin Murray farm of 160 acres in the town of Manlius, where he carries on a general line of farming. March 10, 1886, Mr. Rowland married Myra E., daughter of the late William Jones, a farmer of La Fay ette. They have one daughter, Elizabeth M. , aged eight years Mr, Rowland is the inventor of the Rowland Plow Wheel, patented Feb, 7, 1894. Richman, Charles L., Manlius, was born in Manlius^, Sept. 24, 1825. He received a good common school education and remained on the farm with his parents until he reached his majority. In 1846 he entered the employ of the Syracuse and Utica R. R. Co., as foreman for ballasting preparatory to the laying of the first heavy railroad. In the fall of 1846 he was employed with his brother, Thomas I. , who had , a contract for the construction of a part of the Ogdensburgh and Rouse's Point R. R., now the Central Vermont. He was there only a year when he returned to Man lius and entered the employ of of Crouse, Bassett & Candee, building a section of 192 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. the Erie Canal. He remained in their employ for two years, then began contracting in partnership with his brother for the western division of the N. Y. C. R. R. They were engaged in this two years, when Charles went to Canada, building a road from-' Port Hope to Lindsay, which took him four years. He then retired from this line of work and settled on a farm of 52 acres, division No. 3 of Lot 44, Manlius. In 1847 Mr. Richman married Kate Eaton, who died Feb. 6, 1865, leaving five children: Charles S., died Dec. 11, 1883, aged 35 years; Ellen, wife of Richard McKinley, coal dealer, Syracuse; John, railroad man of Galveston, Texas; Frank, farmer of Kansas ; and Kate, wife of George Moore, of Syracuse. The present Mrs. Richman was Laura B., daughter of Simeon Klock, They have two sons: Judson E. and Claude G., students in East Syracuse Academy. Remlinger, Nicholas, Manlius, was born near Manlius Station, Oct. 8, 1833. Michael, his father, was a native of Alsace, now a part of Germany, and came to this country in 1832, locating on a piece of timber land of 25 acres in the town of Manlius, where he reared his family of seven children and spent the balance of his days. He died in Dec. 1852, aged 71 years. Nicholas, the youngest, and Mrs. Rauch, of Syracuse, are the only children now living. Nicholas was given a good common school educa tion, then engaged in farming, which he has since followed with the exception of a few years spent on the railroad. In 1863 he took charge of the Henry Reals farm of 200 acres at Manlius Center, which he has since conducted. Mr. Remlinger and his family are members of the Catholic church at Manlius Station. In 1861 he married Jane Walk, who died Sept. 22, 1869, leaving two children: Amelia, wife of Frank Cesters, a railroad man of Manlius Station; and Charles A., a railroad man, of Geneva. April 8, 1870, Mr. Remlinger married Elizabeth Cesters, of Auburn, by whom he has seven children; Augusta J., Jennie, John, Frank and Fred, twins, Willis and Matthew, all living at home. Shandorf, John, Manlius, was born in Lorraine, now a part of Germany, March 18, 1834. He was educated in his native land, and after coming to this country as sisted on the farm, where he remained until reaching his majority. He was then employed for a short time on the railroad, but soon engaged in farming again, which he has since followed. He was employed for twenty-eight years on a farm by Coon- rad Shoemaker, starting at thirteen dollars per month, but for the last ten years the farm was conducted on shares. In Feb. , 1882, he bought the old Marcus Worden farm of eighty-nine acres, where in 1883 he built a beautiful residence and greatly improved the barns and outbuildings. He moved on to this farm in March, 1884, where he has since made his home. In March, 1857, Mr. Shandorf married Pauline, daughter of Leo Cramer, by whom he has five children: Francis, died Dec. 25, 1891, aged 34 years; John, switch tender in the Dewitt yard, lives at Manlius Station; Charles, fireman on the N. Y. C. R. R. ; and Flora, who lives at home. Mr. Shan dorf and family attend St. Mary's church. Slingerland, Dr. Israel Madison, Manlius, was born in Schodack, Rensselaer Co., April 10, 1856, son of Solomon, a farmer of that town. The doctor was educated in the common schools of Saratoga and Albany counties, Albany Normal School, and then spent about two and one half years in teaching. In 1880 he entered Albany Medical College, graduating March 7, 1883. He is also a post-graduate of Chicago College. He was a student of Dr. Swinburn's during his attendance at school and FAMILY SKETCHES. 193 stayed with him until Aug., 1883, when he located in Fayetteville, taking the prac tice of Dr. Ira Harris, in the village. In 1887 he bought his present commodious property, where his office is located. In 1883 Dr. Slingerland married M. Virginia Y'oung, of New Salem, Albany Co., who died July 9, 1889, leaving two daughters: Ethel M., and Virginia. Nov. 26, 1891, he married Mrs. Adelia H. Wilson, of Fay etteville, who was' school commissioner of this district. Schepp, Frederick, Manlius, was born on a farm in the town of Manlius, Dec. 1, 1845, third son of Marcus and Hannah Schepp. He was educated in the common schools and then engaged in the occupation of his ancestors, farming. He made his home with his parents until his father's death, then in company with his brother, Peter, assumed charge of the old homestead of 113 acres. He has made many val uable improvements on the place. In 1886 he erected a large barn and in the year following he built a modern residence, one of the finest in the northern part of the town. Mr. Schepp is a member of Branch 132 C. M. B. A. May 17, 1877, he mar ried Mary E., daughter of George Sutter, a farmer of Manlius, who died April 18, 1885, leaving three children: Ernest F., aged 16 years ;_ Herman L. , aged 13; and Irving G. A. , who makes his home with his grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Sutter. Snook, Wallace W., Manlius, was born in the town of Lenox, Madison Co., Aug. 7, 1856. The Snook family are descendants of the early German settlers in this country. William A., father of Wallace, was a native of Schoharie Co., where he married, Jan. 16, 1850, Sarah A. Stevens. From there he came to Madison Co., where he conducted a store in Lenox for five years. He was also on the road a num ber of years for some of the manufacturers of Syracuse. In 1870 he bought a farm of forty acres in the town of Manlius, which is still in possession of the family. Will iam A. became a member of the firm of Hasbrouck, Farmer & Co., which firm ex isted for three years, then was changed back to Dunn, Salmon & Co. Mr. Snook- was also a partner of Wells, Snook & Cook, dealers in boots and shoes. This firm dissolved partnership in 1885, and in 1886 Mr. Snook organized a stock company for the manufacture of gloves and mittens at Fayetteville, known as the Snook Manu facturing Co. This company existed until Oct., 1891. William A. died May 12, 1890, aged 61 years. His wife, Sarah A. Stevens, was also a native of Schoharie Co. They had two children : Mary Frances, died Jan. 7, 1868, aged 17 years, and Wallace W. Mrs. Sarah A. Snook died March 28, 1862, and Mr. Snook afterwards married Eliza beth M. Morrison, by whom he had one child, who died in infancy. Mr. Snook was a member of the Masonic fraternity, of Oneida Lodge and the Utica Commandery. Wallace W. was educated in the common schools, Whitestown and Cazenovia Semi naries. After leaving school he was for three years in the office of H. H. Warner of Rochester. He was then a commercial traveler for Dunn, Salmon & Co. of Syracuse for three years. . In 1882 he began the manufacture of gloves and mittens at Man lius Station, which was merged with the Snook Mfg. Co. in 1886, of which company Wallace W. was president and William A. 'secretary and treasurer. At the dissolu tion of the firm in 1891 Mr. Snook again engaged in commercial traveling. In 1882 he married Ella C, daughter of Martin Gentner of Manlius. They have three chil dren: Hulbert W. , aged 12 years; Minnie R., aged 9 years, and Gladys E. , aged 7 years. 7 194 . ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Smith, Piatt H., Manlius? 'was educated at the Yates Polytechnic Institute, Chit tenango, N. Y. In 1857 he engaged in the mercantile business at Camillus under the firm name of Knapp & Smith, which they conducted for four years. He then re turned to Fayetteville, where he conducted a general store from 1862 to 1892. He was the president of the Board of Water Commissioners during its construction and up to the present time. Has been a director of the National Bank of Fayetteville since 1879, and on the winding up of the bank by voluntary liquidation was made cashier to close its affairs. June 8, 1862, Mr. Smith married Katharine, daughter of Levi Snell, a prominent merchant of Fayetteville, who died Oct. 23, 1886, aged, 76 years. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have two sons: L. Bertrand and Harry H., manufac turers of jewelry at No. 53 Maiden Lane, New York city, under firm name of L. B. & H. H. Smith. Staring, Benjamin Franklin, Manlius. was born in the town of Manheim, Herki mer Co., Dec. 11, 1829. He was educated in the common schools of his native town, Little Falls Academy and one year at Fairfield Academy. After leaving school he was employed in a wholesale and retail grocery store for ten years in Little Falls. Aug. 28, 1862, he enlisted in Co. F, 152d N. Y. Vols. This regiment was out nearly two years before going to the front, and Mr. Staring was honorably discharged on account of serious disability. Upon his return he engaged in farming, which he fol lowed a short time, then took up a mercantile line of work for a brief period. In 1869 he engaged in the manufacture of cheese, and the same year became a resident of Manlius and engaged with Elisha Hoag. He remained here two years ; since that time he has been engaged in different places manufacturing cheese, until Feb., 1889, he bought the Kirkville factory, which he has since conducted. The annual output is between eighty and ninety thousand pounds. Mr. Staring has twice taken first prize at the Manlius and Pompey Fairs. In 1869 he married Melinda Terwilliger, daughter of the late Jesse Powell, a farmer of Collamer, by whom he has three chil dren: Ada L., wife of E. J. Brown of Syracuse; Rollin J., who assists his father in the factory, and Maud W. Snyder, Peter, Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, Sept. 14, 1835. Peter, his father, was a native of Lorraine, now a part of Germany, and came to this coun- ' try in 1832. He was a cabinet maker by trade, which business be followed but a few years in this country. In 1835 he engaged in the carpenter' and joiner's trade, which he followed in this town until 1836 ; then entered the employ of the late Henry Gif ford, as foreman and builder of the salt vats of his works on the reservation. He was in the employ of Mr. Gifford until 1852, then for four years he followed general building. He then gave up mechanical pursuits, devoting his time to farming the rest of his days, dying Aug. 13, 1884, aged 81 years. His wife, Catherine Miers, died Sept. 12, 1889, aged 85 years. Five children were born of this union, three of whom are now living: Mrs. Anna Suiter of Manlius Station ; Mrs. Helen Balsley of Manlius Station, and Peter. The latter was educated in the common schools of fifty years ago, but has since followed an extensive course of reading. He followed the plow until twenty years of age, then engaged with his father in the carpenter's trade for one year. On reaching his majority he was with Wells Pierce for two years, then became a contractor, following this until 1878. In 1865 he had bought Kinney's saw mill on Limestone Creek, which he conducted during the winter of his mechan- FAMILY SKETCHES. 195 ical life. His last contract was the residence of Conrad Shoemaker at Manlius Sta tion. Since 1878 his time has been entirely taken up with manufacturing. He be came extensively interested in lumbering, and in 1882 built a flouring mill adjoining his saw mill, with three runs of stone, and in 1889 he remodeled it into a full roller mill with ten pair of case rollers. The mill now has a capacity of fifty barrels of flour per day, a market for which is found within a radius of twelve miles of the mill. 1888 Mr. Snyder added a planing mill, and these two establishments now occupy his whole attention. In 1868 Mr. Snyder was elected highway commissioner. He has twice been the candidate of his party in the Third District for member of assembly. He has been for several years trustee of School District No. 2. In 1894 Mr. Snyder built near his mill a beautiful modern residence. In 1859 he married Katie, daugh ter of Theobold Shandorf. They have had seven children, three of whom died in infancy: Frederick L. was drowned in a mill race in 1839, aged 6 years; John C. was drowned in Cross Lake in 1878, aged 17 years ; William R. is employed in a paper manufacturing establishment in Brooklyn, and Ada M. lives at home. In 1885 he made an extensive trip to Europe, traveling through Holland, Germany, France, England and Switzerland, returning home very much pleased with the sights in Paris and London and the great natural scenery in Switzerland. Shandorf, Jacob, Manlius, was born in Lorraine, now a province of Germany, Dec. 10, 1831. Theobold Shandorf, his father, emigrated to this country in 1844, bringing his wife and six children. He settled in the town of Manlius, where he bought a small farm of twenty-two acres. Here he reared his family and spent the balance of his life. He became one of the representative farmers of the section, honored and re spected by all who knew him. He at one time was trustee of the Catholic church at Manlius Station. He died March 5, 1854, aged 52 year$. His wife, Anna M. Greiner, died April 8, 1879, aged 68. Until twelve years of age Jacob had the ad vantage of the best German and one year of French instruction. Having a natural desire for mental improvement, he was a close observer and improved every oppor tunity for reading. He was first employed as a water carrier for the construction gang on the N. Y. C. R. R. , and from that time on he has always been an employee of that company. He was then employed on the gravel train, and in 1852 he was made locomotive fireman, which position he held for two years. ¦ Oct. 20, 1854, he was promoted to the position of engineer. While to-day the second oldest engineer of this division, his engine hauls one of the best trains on the road. He was first freight engineer, then accommodation, and for three years the Chicago Limited was his run. He has one distinction strictly his own, that no matter what the weather has been, he has always made his time. Mr. Shandorf inherits the agricultural tastes of his ancestors and makes his home on his farm of forty-four acres, where he has a most comfortable residence and good outbuildings. Aug. 8, 1857, he married Catherine Mosthizer, a native of Prussia, whose parents came to this country when she was six months old. Mr. and Mrs. Shandorf have seven children: Josephine G., wife of Joseph B. Gaunder, in the insurance business at Buffalo; Mary E., wife of Louis Haar, locomotive engineer of East Syracuse; Elizabeth C, wife of George Seeland, tailor of Syracuse; EmmaM., wife of John P. Klotz, general traveling agent for the Bartel Brewing Co. ; Louis T. , who conducts the farm ; Rosalia A. , who lives at home, and Peter H. , also living at home. 196 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Sutter, George, Manlius, was born in province Baden, Germany, March 13, 1823, and was only five years old when his parents came to this country. Matthias Sutter, his father, settled in the town of Manlius, where in 1828 he bought ten acres of land. Soon after he moved to High Bridge, where he was engaged in farming up to the time of his death in 1858, aged 88 years. His wife died March 4, 1870, aged 84 years. George had the advantage of a few years schooling, then engaged on various farms until 1845, when he went to Syracuse and was one year with Major Forman. In 1846 he went into partnership with his brother, conducting a farm of 180 acres, which continued for two years, when he hired the farm alone for a year. In 1848 he bought a part of his present farm, which he has by his industry added to until now he has" a fine farm of fifty acres with a most pleasant residence erected by his father-in-law in 1856, and in 1853 he erected a good barn. June 8, 1848, Mr. Sutter married Ann, daughter of Peter Snyder, by whom he had ten children : Joseph, died in infancy ; Magdalene M., wife of Joseph Phillips, of Bridgeport; George, died Jan. 1, 1875, aged 22 years ; Mary, wife of Fred Schepp ; Barbara, wife of Peter Bullion, switch man on the N. Y. C. R. R. , lives in East Syracuse ; Theodore S. assists his father on the farm; Frank A., a commercial traveler for Eckerman & Will, of Syracuse; Ju lia, wife of George Zink, with Grant & Dunn, Syracuse ; Augusta,, wife of Elmer Osborn, of the U. S. Postal Service, East Syracuse ; and Anna F., living at home. Smith, O. Duane, Manlius, was born on his present farm in the town of Manlius, April 24, 1849. Orson Smith, his. father, was a native of Massachusetts, born in Whately', Aug. 20, 1800. Orson was six years of age when his father, Jonathan, re moved his family to Haywood's Corners, town of Sullivan, Madison Co., N.Y. When seventeen years of age, Orson returned to his native State and remained five years. He then returned and located in the town of Manlius. He accumulated consider able property here and the homestead farm contained 190 acres. Nov. 30, 1828, he married Margaret Crans, of Cicero, who died Feb. 10, 1832, leaving two children : Hon. Anson Smith, twice supervisor of Manlius; and Harriet, wife of C. D. Cun ningham. In 1832 Mr. Smith married Marcia Coan, of Parish, Oswego Co., by whom he had four children, one dying in infancy; Jane A., wife of Darius Harter, died Dec. 26, 1893 ; Margaret married Albert Crittenden, of Manlius Station ; and O. Du ane. The latter was educated in the common schools and the Meads Business Col lege. In 1884 he married Elizabeth Kimber, of Syracuse, who died May 30, 1887, leaving one child: Harlow D. In Jan., 1894, Mr. Smith married Hattie, daughter of the late William Plopper, a farmer of Cicero. Scoville, Elijah U., Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, Nov. 29, 1837. The first of the family to come to Onondaga Co. was James Scoville, grandfather of Elijah U. Amasa Scoville, father of Elijah, was born in the town of Pompey in 1800. He was reared on a farm but followed various employments during his life. His wife, Eliza Gridley, was a native of Manlius. They were the parents of eight children, Elijah being the youngest. He was educated in the common schools and at Cazenovia Seminary. After leaving school he taught for one winter, then was engaged in farming a number of years. He then lived in Syracuse one winter. After this he bought a third interest in the Manlius Agricultural Works. After two years Mr. Scoville and Mr. Losey bought the interest of Mr. Woodworth and the firm of Sco ville & Losey existed until Aug. 27, 1874, when he bought out Mr. Losey and made FAMILY SKETCHES. 197 his brother, Washington L. , a partner, under the firm of E. U. & W. L. Scoville and existed as such until April 1, 1879, when Elijah became sole proprietor and has since conducted his business alone. The manufacturing of Perfection oil and molasses gates is the main business of the establishment. This is a device patented by Mr. Scoville July 8, 1884. He has been president of the village three terms, also was trustee for several years. He is president of the. Board of Education, also trustee of the Presbyterian church. He is a member of Military Lodge No. 93, F. & A. M. and Manlius Chapter No. 72, R. A. M. He is past master of the Blue Lodge and high priest of the Chapter. In 1863 Mr. Scoville married Mary O. Dennison, of Oran, by whom he had two children: Emer D. died Oct. 24, 1868, aged five years; and Florence L... who lives at home. Taylor, George L. , Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, Jan. 10, 1844. Oliver L. , his father, was born in Fayetteville, June 1824, where he was engaged in farming. His father, George L., was a native of Albany Co., and one of the first settlers in the town of Manlius. He was a shoemaker by trade' and conducted a shop in Fay etteville nearly all his life. He was also a tanner and-conducted the tannery in that village. He died in April, 1865. His wife was Phoebe Teal, and they had eleven children, three of whom are now living: A. Jackson, of Fayetteville; Mrs. Hiram Mercy, of East Syracuse ; and Mrs. Maria Nichols, of Norwich, Conn. Oliver Taylor was the fifth son. His father gave him a farm, where he always made his home. He died Oct. 17, 1889. His wife, Laney Row, was a native of Albany Co. They had one son: George L. Mrs. Taylor died Feb. 8, 1892, aged 67 years. George L. has always lived on the farm where he was born. He was educated in the common schools, and at the age of twelve years he engaged in farming. Dec. 31, 1867, he married Lucy T. , daughter of Nathan McLyman, of Manlius, by whom he has two children: George O. and Lucy L. George O., married Hattie E. Taylor, of Manlius, by whom he has one child, Geneva Bell. Townsend, Lemuel S., Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, June 19, 1833. The family are of Holland Dutch descent. Socrates Townsend, his father, was born in Manlius, June 4, 1816. He always followed farming. July 14, 1831, he married Rosina Hildredth, also a native of Manlius, by whom he had five children : Warren E., farmer of Madison Co. . Marcia L., wife of George Dayharsh, died in Dec, 1874; Laura L.. wife of Andrew Chawgo, died Jan. 9, 1877; Charles M., born Aug. 1842, lived thirteen months ; Socrates Townsend died Feb. 15, 1880. Mrs. Townsend is still living at the age of 78. Lemuel was educated in the common schools and Fay etteville Academy. He was a boatman on the Erie Canal for fourteen years. He was then overseer of a farm for seven- years, and in 1864 he bought a farm of 114 acres, where he has ever since resided, following a general line of farming. Dec. 23, 1857, he married Martha J. Dayharsh, of Manlius, by whom he has five children : ' Adelia M., wife of Levi Debaul, a farmer, of Sullivan: Seraph S., wife of Alton Rogers, farmer, of Lyon Co., Iowa; Martha E., bookkeeper, of Candor, . Tioga Co. ; David S. , student of Fayetteville Academy ; and Addie G. , also at the academy. Tripp, Gilbert H., Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, Oct. 23, 1856. Alfred A., his father, was born in Dutchess Co., in 1822 and came to Onondaga Co. in 1852. The family located in Aurora, Cayuga Co. , in 1822, where Alfred A. was educated in the common schools. He learned the carpenter's trade and when he came to Manlius 198 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. became a partner with Hustus Butts in wagonmaking. In 1854 he moved on to a farm of sixty acres, which he afterwards increased by purchase to 100 acres, where he resided up to the time of his death, which occurred March 27, 1880. He served as school trustee a great many years. His wife, Sarah YVheeler, was a native of the town of Onondaga. They were married in 1849 and had four children, of whom Gilbert H. is the only one now living. He was educated in the common, Manlius graded school and at Cazenovia Seminary. After leaving school he remained on the farm until twenty-nine years old, then went into partnership with Charles Hart in the coal and lumber business at the Station. Mr. Hart died in 1890 and since then- Mi. Tripp has been station agent and proprietor of the coal and lumber yard. The an nual output of coal is about 1,000 tons and the lumber yard is without opposition in the town. Mr. Tripp has been a member of the Board of Education for the last seven years. He has been master of Military Lodge No. 93 for three years and is captain of the host of Manlius Chapter No, 72, R. A. M. Dec. 8, 1877, he married Emma E. , daughter of Lorin W. Brown, a farmer of Georgetown, Madison Co. They have two children : De Ette B. , aged 12 years ; and Jay Gilbert, aged 4 years. The second child died Oct. 23, 1885, aged one year and six months. Van De Mark, Jacob, was born in the town of Hurley, Ulster Co., Sept. 16, 1820. His father, Jacob, a farmer, came to the town of Manlius in 1837 and bought a farm of 130 acres, where he died in June, 1840. His wife, Susan Kimbark, was also a native of Ulster Co. , by whom he had three sons and eight daughters. Jacob was educated in the common schools, then assisted on the farm and at his father's death assumed the management of the farm and became owner in 1848. In 1873 he bought a farm of eighty-five acres east of the homestead, where he lived four years, when the buildings were destroyed by fire, with a loss of $15,000. In the following June, he laid the foundation of what is now the finest farm residence and buildings of the town. While on the homestead Mr. Van De Mark did quite an extensive business in burning lime and dealing in limestone. In 1849 he married Caroline Chapman, of Dewitt, by whom he had five children, two of whom are now living: George C, a farmer living at home; and Winfield J., a railroad man of California. Van Schaick, Charles H. , Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, July 4, 1839, second son of Josiah R. and Lavena (Kimball) Van Schaick. Josiah R. was born in Schoharie Co. His father, Josiah, was of Holland Dutch descent and was one of the first settlers of the town. Josiah R. was a carpenter and bridge builder in his early life, but he followed boating in his later days. Charles H. was educated in the com mon schools and Cazenovia Seminary. He then engaged in farming, which occupa tion he followed until 1860, when he became a station keeper on the canal at Roches ter. He was also at Lockport for a while. After this he went to Michigan, from there to Wisconsin, where he was in a store one summer, and from there to Minne sota. He then went to the oil regions of Pennsylvania. Here he gradually worked up from driller to superintendent and speculator and producer, 'and remained here until 1880. That year he returned to New York State, spending two years in Syra cuse and one in Fayetteville, then moved on to a farm he had purchased during one of his successful oil ventures. In 1881 he built a handsome barn and one of the most beautiful residences in this section. Jan. 1, 1873, Mr. Van Schaick married S. Josephine Ellsworth, of Mannsville, Jefferson Co., by whom he had two children: FAMILY SKETCHES. 199 Hortense B. and Forest C, both students in the Fayetteville graded school. Mr. Van Schaick and family attend the Baptist church at Fayetteville. Wheeler, Horace, Manlius, was born in the town of Pompey, June 14, 1819. Franklin, his father, was a native of Dutchess Co. and came to this county when a young man and settled on a farm in the town of Pompey, where he spent his life. He married Miss Carr, of this county, by whom he had three children, of whom Horace alone survives. Franklin Wheeler died in 1874, aged 70 years. Horace was educated in the common schools of his native town, then engaged in farming. He lived on the old homestead until 1867, then purchased a farm of 200 acres in the town of Manlius, where he has since made his home. In 1843 Mr. Wheeler married Ellen Aldridge, of Pompey, by whom he had nine children : James (deceased) and Jane, twins; Julia, wife of Hollister Reed, of Pompey; Myron J., of Savannah, Ga. ; Clara, wife of William Hoag, of Fayetteville; William, a farmer of Pompey; George, employed on the public works; Hattie, wife of David R. Stafford, of Syracuse; Eva, wife of J. Edwin Scoville, postmaster and mill owner of Chittenango, Madison Co. ; and Ella B., wife of Willard B. Griffiths, in the real estate and loan business a't Grand Rapids, Mich. Mrs. Wheeler died Aug. 16, 1867. Mr Wheeler married for his second wife Caroline L. Bangs, daughter of Reuben H. Bangs. Mrs. Wheeler graduated with honors at the Troy Female Seminery. She died April 10, 1895. Wood, Charles W. H., Manlius, was born in Georgetown, Madison Co., May 12, 1830. Ira F. his father, was also a native of Madison Co., 'born in 1808. He came to Onondaga Co. with his parents when about nine years old, living here until 1826. He then located in Georgetown, where he lived until 1831, when he moved to West Winfield, Herkimer Co. In 1842 he moved to Clay ville, Oneida Co., where he left in 1844, settling in Pompey, Onondaga Co. , where he spent the balance of his days, dying July 15, 1891. He was a blacksmith by trade, as the family have been for three generations. He was also a maker of edged tools. Charles was educated in the common schools and the Manlius Academy. As soon as old enough he went to work in his father's shop and in 1851 he became the proprietor of the custom shop and after two years, a general partner. In 1856 he became sole proprietor and en gaged in the manufacture of' edged tools until 1864. He then came to Syracuse and was employed in the shop of Whitman & Barnes, but in 1866 he returned to Pom pey, where he was engaged in farming and conducting the shop until 1876. The same year he removed to Manlius and has since conducted his business here. He manufactures hollow augers, spoke pointers, and light machinery. Mr. Wood held the office of commissioner of highways for three years in Pompey. He was a dele gate to the State Convention in 1860. He has been a member of the Masonic ,order since 1857, is a member of Military Lodge No. 93, Manlius Chapter No. 72, and Syra cuse Commandery No. 25. In 1864 Mr. Wood married Anna M. Ketchum, of Pom pey. An adopted daughter, Lizzie, is a student in the common schools and is a young lady of more than ordinary ability and intelligence. Worden, Palmer, Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, June 21, 1843. John Calvin, his father, was also born in Manlius, August 26, 1812, and always followed farming. Palmer was the oldest son of a family of seven children. John C. was a member of the Baptist church all his life. He died March 10, 1878. His wife, Abigail Breed, died Oct. 6, 1873. Palmer was educated in the common schools and 200 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Fayetteville Union School, and had just finished school when the war broke out, Aug. 6, 1862, he enlisted in the 122d N. Y. Vols. , and served until the close of the war. After his return he engaged in fruit culture on the old homestead farm. Mr. Worden has made grape culture a special study and is the authority on that subject for the town of Manlius. He is a member of the Baptist church. In 1883 he mar ried Emily Hope, who died April 3, 1885. Sept. 22, 1890, he married Elizabeth A. Bell of England. They have two children: Walter H. and Helen E. Woodward, Ephraim E., Manlius, was born in Springfield, Otsego Co., April 22, 1828. His father died when he was a child of five years of age and he was thus early obliged to shift for himself. His education was derived in the public schools and Cherry Valley Academy. He followed teaching in his native county for eight years, and after spending about five years in the schools of the Mohawk Valley, in 1853 he removed to Onondaga Co., locating at Manlius Station. He entered the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. Co. as freight agent, with whom he remained two years, then re turned to his teaching. For a whole generation he was principal of the Manlius Sta tion school. In 1868 he returned to the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. Co., being foreman of construction and having charge of the gr,avel and wood trains with over forty men under his supervision. In 1872 he left the company and has since been engaged in gardening. In 1890 he was elected assessor of the town, serving three years, and July 10, 1893, he was appointed postmaster, which office he now holds. Mr. Woodward was for eighteen years superintendent of the Sunday school and is at present steward and recording secretary of the church. July 4, 1853, he married Elizabeth Hagar, of Manheim, Herkimer Co., by whom he has six children: George M., passenger conductor on the N. Y. C. R. R. ; Adelaide, wife of Charles J. Paine, express messenger, East Saginaw, Mich. ; Nellie, widow of John Green, of Syracuse; Bessie, wife of Dr. George J. Gladman, of Syracuse; Edwin E., a musician, living at home, recently of Vanburg's Band and Orchestra of Buffalo; and Minnie, a sten ographer, a graduate of Miss Henley's Shorthand and Business College. Wands, Edward H. , Manlius, was born in Sing Sing, Sept. 17, 1863. He was ed ucated in Gloversville Academy, to which place his parents moved when he was six years old. After leaving school, he was employed with A. C. Churchill & Co. for six years. In 1885, he came to Fayetteville, where he entered the employ of the Snook Glove Mfg. Co. He was machine operator for two years, then salesman on the road. In 1890, he went into business for himself and is now proprietor of the E. H. Wands Glove Manufactory. Mr. Wands is a member of the order of Recka- bites and is at present grand chief of the State. He is also a member of the M. E. church. In 1883, Mr. Wands married Anna E. Moree, of Gloversville, N. Y. "^"illiams, Joseph, Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius," Aug. 6, 1799. He followed farming nearly all of his life, but was for many years landlord of the old temperance house on the Cazenovia road, two miles from Oran. He married Calista Barnes, who was born Nov. 7, 1802, and they had eleven children, six of whom are now living. Mrs. Williams died April 19, 1855, and April 2, 1856, he married Harriet Upham, daughter of John Smith, by whom he had one child; Harriet, wife of N. B. Patrick, of Manlius. Mr. Williams was a strong Baptist, being a direct descendant of Roger Williams, who was one of the first Baptists in the country. Mr. Williams was a man universally respected and esteemed by all who knew him. He died Jan. , FAMILY SKETCHES. 201 17, 1874, and Mrs. Williams died Oct. 26, 1889. Nathaniel B. Patrick was born in Truxton, Cortland Co., May 28, 1852. His father, Stephen, was born in Saratoga Co., Sept. 17, 1811, and came to Cortland Co. with his p'arents in 1812. He was of Scotch and English descent. Stephen was given a good education and fitted to teach, which occupation he followed for a nnmber of years. He was in the employ of the D. & H. Canal Co. for six years. In 1836 he married Angelina, daughter of Jesse and Matilda Dickerson, of Sullivan Co. In 1838 he purchased a farm in Trux ton, where he lived up to the time of his death, May 9, 1890. He was the represen tative of Cortland Co. in the State Legislature in 1866 and was the father of the Cortland Savings Bank Bill. Mr. Patrick was the father of eight children, of whom Nathaniel B. was the fourth son. He was educated in the common schools and Homer Academy. After leaving school, he went to Pennsylvania in the employ of the D. & H. Canal Co., remaining with them six months, then entered the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. Co., being an engineer on that road for four years. He then engaged in farming, which he followed for nine years. In 1884 he went to Des Moines, Iowa, where he was employed in railroading, also in the the employ of the Chicago & Milwaukee Elevator Co. , as engineer. He returned to New York State in 1886 and located at Manlius. He was for three years engineer for S. Cheney & Son and two years later went as an engineer on the Sault Ste. Marie canal lock con struction, where he was employed for three years. He returned in 1893 and was employed on State work at Baldwinsville until Jan. 18, 1894. He was also employed on the Syracuse reservoir for Van Wagner & Belden until June, 1894. Since then he has had the inspectorship and general management of the putting in of the Man lius Water Works. Mr. Patrick was for three years a member of the Board of Edu cation in Manlius. He is a member of Military Lodge, No. 93, F. & A. M. Jan. 18, 1875, he married Harriet J. Williams, by whom he had nine children: Kate El- dora, George Barker, John Allen, Nelson Stephen, Richard Montgomery, Rollo Joseph, Nathaniel Earl, Alvah Trowbridge, and Lionel Williams, died Sept. 7, 1894, aged nine months and five days. Worden, Jay C. , Manlius, was born on a farm in the town of Manlius, May 27, 1860. Leander, his father, was also a native of Manlius and the grandfather on the paternal side, Jabez, was a native of Vermont. Jay was educated in the common schools and Phoenix and Baldwinsville Academies, and Meads's Business College, in Syracuse. After leaving school, he taught for one term. He then went to Sag inaw, Mich., as an agent for the Keystone Hardware Co. and clerked for John P. Derby. He was a resident of that State for one year, but in 1883 he returned and took up farming in the town of Manlius for two years. He then made another trip west and was engaged in ranching in Colorado and in the railroad business in Mon tana. He continued in this line for about one year, then again engaged in farming for two years. In April, 1891, he entered the employ of the N. Y. C. R. Co., as agent at Kirkville, where he remained until Aug. 1, 1894. In the spring of 1892, Mr. Worden was elected justice of the peace, which position he still holds. He is a mem ber of Manlius Lodge K. of P. and attends the Congregational church at Kirkville. In 1884, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Elmanson Knapp, of Baldwinsville, N. Y. She died in 1885, leaving one child, Ray, who died at the age of four months. In 1890, Mr. Worden married Anna, daughter of John Haberes, a farmer and dairy- 202 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. man of North Syracuse. They have three children : Grace, aged three years ; and . Ella M., aged two years; also one boy, named William H., born Nov. 15. 1894. Woodworth, Alvah, Manlius, was born in Lenox, Madison Co., Jan. 2, 1809. His paternal grandfather came from New England, and with his uncle was in the Rev olutionary war. John Woodworth, his father, was born in Connecticut, Feb. 24, 1775. He served in the war of 1812. He was a farmer and settled in Madison Co. about 1800. The last eighteen years of his life he lived with his son Alvah, in Man lius, where he died December 20, 1856. He was the father of seven children, two of whom are now living: Mrs. Mary Barber of Rome, Mich., and Alvah. The early life of Alvah was spent in Madison Co., and he was educated in the common schools of seventy-five years ago. He worked on the State road for three years, then entered the iron foundry at Lenox. In 183i-33, he was employed in the Lines & Avery foundry in Syracuse. He then returned to Lenox, where he remained until 1837, when he located in the village of Manlius and was first employed by Sumner Whit ney, but in 1844, he became the owner of the foundry and carried on the manufacture of agricultural implements until 1876. He now lives a retired life in the village. Mr. Woodworth has a wonderful faculty of remembering dates and persons. Feb. 10, 1833, Mr. Woodworth married Arvilla Kern, of Lenox, who died Dec. 20, 1876, leaving one child, Mrs. Sarah Potter, of Manlius. Jan. 2, 1878, he married Mary Avery, of Manlius. Walrath, Marcus C, Manlius, was born on a farm in the town of Sullivan, Feb. 24, 1839. His boyhood was spent in his native town and he was educated in the schools of Sullivan and Manlius, where he removed in 1852. After leaving school he engaged in farming. In 1867 he removed to Bridgeport, where he remained for one year, then removed to Michigan where he was engaged in farming fourteen years. In the spring of 1882 he reterned to Onondaga Co. , living in East Syracuse for three years. In 1886 he came back to Manlius and in 1888 he bought the Hindes farm of eight acres, where he has one of the prettiest homes in this section. Mr. Walrath and his family attend the Methodist church. In 1866 he married Lucy E. Nichols, of Sullivan, who died Dec. 20, 1886, leaving four children : George H., living at home; Asa C, living at home; Mary E., wife of Edward Moyer, merchant and farmer of Hartsville; and Lulu M., now in school. Feb. 21, 1894, Mr. Walrath married Nellie E., daughter of George M. and Helen M. (Wilcox) Hatch, of Chitte nango, Madison Co. Wilbur, Dr. Nelson, Manlius, was born in Unadilla, Otsego Co., Feb. 18, 1840, only son of Daniel C, a farmer of that town, who died in 1887. Nelson was edu cated in the Owego Academy and Dartmouth College, entering in 1860 and gradu ating with the degree of A. B. in 1864. He taught school for three years, then took up the study of medicine with Dr. Allen, of Owego, and attended lectures at the medical department of the University of Buffalo, graduating in 1870. He then be gan practice at Sidney Center, Delaware Co., where he remained four years. July 21, 1874, he located in Fayetteville, where he has built up a very extensive and suc cessful business. Dr. F. M. Byington retired at this time and Dr. Wilbur took his place. The doctor is a member of the School Board and was chairman of the board in 1893. In Sept. , 1875, the doctor married Helen M. , daughter of Horace Smith, of Norfolk, Va. They have two children : Clara and Anna* Dr. Wilbur has been a FAMILY SKETCHES. 203 member of the Onondaga Medical Society since 1882 and was president of the society in 1893. Alvord, Richard Warren, Marcellus, was born in Edinburgh, Saratoga Co., Jan. 26, 1826, a son of Calvin and Rebecca (Gibson) Alvord. Calvin was a tanner and shoe manufacturer, and also conducted a farm. Our subject was educated in Edin burgh, worked for his father for a time, then came to Borodino, and then to Marcel lus, where he engaged in staging, running a line from Borodino to Marcellus, and also to Marietta and Amber, for a period of thirty years. He also conducted the Alvord House. Selling his stage line, Mr. Alvord has since engaged exclusively in the hotel and livery business, of which he has the largest patronage in town. Our subject married first Esther Cleveland, and had two children : Frank C. and Lucina. Mrs. Alvord died in 1865, and he married second Eliza Chadfield, by whom he has one daughter, Flora. Frank C. Alvord is engaged in the business of supplying skins for glove manufacture in Gloversville. Lucina married Purdy Case and lives in New York city. Flora resides at home. Our subject is one of ten children, the youngest being 55 and the oldest 83, all now living. Anderson, Alanson J., Marcellus, was born in Clayville, March 12, 1868, a son of James Anderson, a veteran of the Civil war, who participated in many of its princi pal battles, and a sketch of whose career appears elsewhere. Alanson J. was edu cated in the public schools of this town, then engaged in the woolen business, hav ing been employed for the past eight years as foreman in the spinning department of the Crown Mills, a position .occupied by his father before him. He married Nellie A. Sarr, daughter of James Sarr, the builder and merchant, a sketch of whose life is noticed elsewhere. Avery, Lewis J., Marcellus, was born July 2, 1865, a son of Jared and Sarah Avery. He was educated in the public schools and first worked in the Empire Mills at Clayville, then went to Woonsocket, R. I. , having had considerable experience in the woolen business before he came to this town (1889). He went into the weaving room at the Crown Mills, soon being promoted foreman of that department, which position he now holds. He married Anna Manwaring. Baker, Warren, Marcellus, was born in Marcellus Oct. 12, 1836, a son of Benjamin and Sylvia Baker. Benjamin was born in Amherst, Mass., in 1778, came to Marcel lus in 1801 and in 1806 settled on the homestead, where he remained until his death in 1864 at the age of 86. Warren Baker was educated in Marcellus, Onondaga Y'al- ley and in Cortland ; he taught school in the town of Van Buren, and has since fol lowed farming, conducting his farm in Marcellus. He married Ellen M., daughter of George W. Maxon of Jefferson Co., and has one child, Lizzie E., who is living at home with her parents. Baker, Chas. H., Marcellus, has charge of the finishing for the upper Crown Mills. Came to Marcellus Oct. 24, 1891, as finisher for same. Coon, Daniel De Forest, Marcellus, was born in Marcellus, May 30, 1848, son of Daniel G. and Betsey C. Coon. Daniel G. was born Sept. 5, 1814, in Adams, Jeffer son Co., where he was educated and lived till 1841. He then moved to Skaneateles, and after one year to Marcellus. He rented for a few years a distillery at Marcel- 204 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. lus Falls ; forming a company composed of Norton, Parker, Coon & Olney, after ward buying out Norton and Parker. The firm of Coon & Olney did business for several years. Here he was located for nearly twenty-five years. Mr. Coon's business was a large one, and the distributing point of his product was Syracuse. After selling out his distillery he retired from active business and devoted his time to cultivating, a fine homestead farm that he owned, on which he resided in the vil lage of Marcellus until his death, March 4, 1893. He married in 1839 Betsey C, daughter of Zenas and Polly (Gore) Barney, of Gilford, Windham Co., Vt., where Mrs. Coon was born. Zenas Barney was a salesman by occupation and at the time of the gold excitement went to California, where he died. Mrs. Betsey C. Coon is still living on the family homestead and in good health. Our subject was educated in Marcellus and Cazenovia, and after leaving school went into the cheese business, then engaged in the drug business for two years, and then engaged in farming. Mr. Coon's farm consists of 130 acres under a good state of cultivation. He married April 6, 1871, Adelle Rhodes, of Camillus, by whom he had two children: Bertha C, and Daniel Rhodes. Mrs. Coon died Feb. 16, 1892. On Oct. 3, 1895, he married Josephine Woodford, of Marcellus. Curtis, James L., Marcellus, was born in Marcellus, Nov. 20, 1825, son of Jason and Polly Curtis. Jason Curtis was born in Connecticut and came ^to Marcellus in 1811, where he resided until his death in 1856, at the age of 79 years. Our subject was educated in Marcellus and has always followed farming. Mr. Curtis takes an active interest in all political affairs. He married Esther J., daughter of William Webber, of Marcellus, by whom he has had two children : Katie, who died, aged 18, and Ward R., who was born in 1867, educated in Marcellus and operates the home stead farm for his father. He married Mary, daughter of George Eggleston, of Marcellus. Cobb, William, Marcellus, came from Shaftsbury, Vt., and settled in this town in 1794, taking up a full section of land, where he was the first settler. He had three sons, Daniel, Stephen and William. The former, Daniel, married Betsey Tinkham, in Vermont, whom he brought here after he had erected a log cabin, he and his wife making the journey on horseback. He was born in 1776 and died 1852. He had two sons, one dying in infancy, and supposed to have been the first white child born in the town. The other son was Stephen, born April 29, 1799, who bought his father's farm and cared for his parents until their death. His father died in 1852 and the mother in 1856. Stephen Cobb was married to Temperance, daughter of Rev. David Holmes, in 1818. To them were born ten children, five sons and five daughters, seven of whom grew to adult age, four sons and three daughters. The eldest, Rev. Daniel Cobb, D.D., after more than fifty years of active and successful labors in the ministry in New York, Minnesota and California, died in Los Angeles, Dec. 25, 1894. Belus S. became a snccessful physician and died in New Jersey in 1880. William R., the third son, also became a minister, and with Daniel belonged to the Methodist itinerary, in which he preached thirty-eight years. Ill health compelled him to retire in 1888, and he settled on a farm adjoining the old homestead farm. The fourth son, D. Holmes Cobb, died in his twenty-first year. The daughters, Mary and Lu cretia, married two brothers, John and Corydon North. Mary is still a resident of this town ; Lucretia died in 1887. The third grown-up daughter died in 1857, in FAMILY SKETCHES. 205 young womanhood. Stephen Cobb was a local preacher in addition to farming. Wil liam R., son of the preceding, was born on the old homestead farm and educated at Cazenovia Seminary and began preaching in 1850. In 1855 he married Rhoda J. , daughter of Mr. John Stillman, one of the earliest settlers of Co.rtland, N. Y. He has three children living: Jennie F. , who married Prof. W. H. North, now of Skan eateles; Hattie M., wife of Prof. C. H. Smith, of -Chicago; and Rev. Stephen S. Cobb, pastor of the M. E. church, Newport, Herkimer Co. , N. Y. He has also a grand son, William R. North. Stephen Cobb at the time of his death was the oldest resi dent born in the town. Donahue, Maurice H.. Marcellus, was born in the town of Onondaga, Sept. 13, 1848, a son of Michael and Catharine Donahue, the former a farmer of Onondaga until his retirement in 1880. He was born in 1796, and is now living at the age of 98 years, a vigorous man yet for his age. He has had eleven children, of whom six sons and three daughters are now living Maurice H. was educated in the town of Onondaga and assisted his father on the farm, then taught winter school, farming during the summer. This he continued in all for twenty-three terms, then went into the woolen mill, where he remained twelve years, resigning to take charge of the post- office in this town, in which position he is universally liked for his gentlemanly bear ing and business efficiency. Our subject married Anna, daughter of William Dolan, of Marcellus, and they have three children : Ida, James and Cora. Edwards, Samuel H., Marcellus, was born in Madison Co., Aug. 24, 1851, son of John and Jane Edwards, who came from Wales and settled in Eaton, Madison Co., where he was engaged in manufacturing, and in 1861 moved to Marcellus and bought a farm which he conducted to the time of his death, Jan. 22, 1889. S. H. Ed wards was educated in Marcellus and Waterloo, and is engaged in farming on the old homestead. Mr. Edwards has been elected tax collector and is now serving as assessor. He married Lizzie, daughter of Nathan Button, of Rome, by whom he has two children, Samuel Le Roy and Clarence Nathan, aged three and one respectively. Griffin, John E., Marcellus, was born in Montezuma, Cayuga Co., April 2, 1865, a son of Stores M., and Lucy (Ebbon) Griffin. Mrs? Lucy (Ebbon) Griffin died in Marcellus May 9, 1891. Stores M. Griffin still resides in the village. John E. Grif fin came to Marcellus with his parents, at the age of three years, where he was edu cated, "and later began work in the woolen mills, serving as Apprentice five years. He has since been employed by the Crown Mills, and has worked his way up in the woolen business until he now has charge of the wool sorting department in the Crown Mills. He takes a prominent part in politics, and ran for trustee of the vil lage on a ticket pledged for general improvements, sidewalks, streets, etc. How well Mr. Griffin discharged his trust is shown by the fact that the sidewalks of Mar cellus are superior to those found in any other place of equal size in the county. After serving four years as trustee, Mr. Griffin was elected in 1894 president of the village. Hooper, Samuel C, Marcellus, is the son of Charles and Esther Hooper, of Stroud, Gloucestershire, England, and was born Jan. 23, 1819. He was educated in Eng land and learned cabinetmaking. In 1848 Mr. Hooper came to this country and direct to Marcellus, where he has since resided, conducting during this period cabinetmak ing and the manufacture of coffins and caskets. He has seen many changes in the 206 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. business, in the early days he made all his goods himself, but now much of it is pur chased from large factories. His business has taken in Marcellus, and the bordering towns. There is only one man living in the corporation now who was an adult at the time Mr. Hooper came here. Our subject married Clara Gallup, by whom he had four children : Charles, James, Henry, who died aged eight, and one who died in infancy. Charles is a cabinetmaker in Norfolk, Va., and James is a carpenter and joiner, also raises fruit, being located in San Diego, Cal. Our subject married second, Adelphi Balcombe, a native of the town of Onondaga. Kennedy, John C. , Marcellus, was born in Syracuse March 5, 1846, a son of John and Catherine Kennedy. The family moved to Marcellus in 1861, when our subject began work in the woolen mills. He has been engaged in farming, railroading, and teaming, in addition to his experience in the woolen business. He is now foreman in the finishing room of the lower mills of the Crown plant. Mr. Kennedy married Catherine Conry, by whom he has five children: Charles J., Mary E., Catherine J., William F.' and George H. May, Richard B., Marcellus, was born in Marcellus, July 11, 1849, a son of Sayles R. and Louisa May. The former was born in Cazenovia, Feb. 4, 1805, where he fol lowed farming ; he afterwards moved to Marcellus and died Oct. 2, 1876. Richard B. May was educated in Marcellus and Onondaga Valley, then engaged in farming, at which he has worked ever since. The homestead has been in the family for three generations and is in a good state of cultivation. Mr. May is prominent in local politics and takes great interest in the events of the day. He married Susan Ed wards of Marcellus, by whom he has two children, Lucina, aged 16, and Sayles R., aged 15. Mills, George C. , Marcellus, is a son of Timothy and Polly (Wilsie) Mills and was born in Marcellus, where he has always lived, April 9, 1843. Timothy, son of Isaac Mills, was a native of Saratoga Co. , N. Y. , and came to Marcellus with his parents when a mere child. He died here Dec. 4, 1888; his wife's death occurred in Feb., 1892. Isaac Mills was a soldier in the war of 1812. All were farmers and repre sentative men of their time. George C. Mills married Eliza J. Finch and had born to him three children : Frank B. , whose portrait and biography appears elsewhere in this volume; William E., who is now postmaster at Rose Hill; and George, who died in infancy. Mr. Mills is a substantial farmer at Rose Hill in the southern part of the town of Marcellus. Merrill, Andrew J., Marcellus, born Sept. 11, 1864, in Marcellus, son of Jason and Lovina Merrill. Jason Merrill was born in Otisco, Aug. 20, 1828, and died July 29, 1891. He was a resident of Marcellus forty-one years. He was always interested in church work, was ordained deacon in the Presbyterian church in 1873, and held that office until his death in 1891, and was also Sunday school superintendent or teacher during his entire residence in Marcellus. He was justice of the peace and noted as a sheep raiser in addition to conducting a large farm, raising the Spanish merino, full blood, registered. These sheep were a very valuable grade and Mr. Merrill was known throughout the State for the value of his product. Andrew J. Merrill was educated in Marcellus and Canandaigua and finished in Munro Collegiate Institute in Elbridge. He now conducts the farm which his father made noted for fine sheep. FAMILY SKETCHES. 207 He is also raising some good cows in full blood Jersey stock. Mr. Merrill married Maud F. Armstrong, of Syracuse, by whom he has two children : Ethel Maud and Henry Jason. Mogg, L. N. , Marcellus, was born in Clay, Aug. 10, 1849, a son of Cornelius and Lovina (Andrews) Mogg. Cornelius operated a steam saw mill and conducted a farm at Euclid. He was born in Clay, Dec. 20, 1820, and is now retired from active business. Our subject was educated in Clay and at Falley Seminary, Fulton, and began teaching in Clay. He next taught in Howlett Hill, then at Brewerton, and then became principal of the school in Marcellus, which position he occupied seven years. Resigning in 1881 he entered the manufacturing business, and the same year engaged with the Crown Mills, as bookkeeper and paymaster. Mr. Mogg had a long experience in this village as an educator, becoming widely and favorably known as. such, and has been equally successful in his business life. He married Marie, daughter of John Strong, of Turin, and they have one daughter, Elizabeth Lovina. Merrill, James Watson, Marcellus, was born in New Hartford, Litchfield Co., Conn., Dec. 21, 1823, son of Andrew Merrill and Amanda Dowd. Andrew was born in ¦New Hartford Co. , Conn. , where he lived until he was twenty-eight years old, when he removed to Syracuse and was burned out, losing all his effects. He then began selling fanning mills at which he was very successful and also conducted a farm at the same time. He was justice of the peace and also associate judge. He died Feb. 9, 1875, aged 75. James M. Merrill was educated in Onondaga Valley and Homer, and then went to manufacturing fanning mills, at which he continued ten years. He then engaged in farming, purchasing the farm where he now resides. Mr. Mer rill raises some fine stock in Jersey and Guernsey cows, and his farm is a fine pne, all under a good state of cultivation. He married Mary Celestia. daughter of Clark Bentley. Mr. Merrill was married in the village of Fayetteville by President Cleve land's father. He has three children: Emma, Clark, and May. Morton, Hugh, Marcellus, was born in Darwell, Scotland, Dec. 5, 1842, and came to Waterloo at the age of about four years. Arriving at maturity he learned the trade of dresser, and worked in Seneca Falls, Skaneateles Falls, Waverly, Skaneate les, arid Marcellus. Later he went to Vedersville, Va. , where he followed farming for a short time. F'or the past fifteen years he has worked in the Marcellus Woolen Mills as dresser. He also owns a farm, which he conducts in addition to his busi ness. Our subject has one son, Ade'lbert S., aged 21, and one daughter, Gertrude, aged 17. Northrup, Joel G., of Marcellus, is one of the most prominent mechanics and a highly respectable citizen. He was born Feb. 8, 1807, in Woodbridge, New Haven Co., Conn., and is descended through Benjamin, Job, John, Daniel, to Ester, on the maternal side from Samuel Sherman,, who came from England in 1634 and was the ancestor also of the late General Sherman and his brother, United States Senator Sherman. By trade Mr. Northrup was shoemaker, but had a taste for me chanics also. He came from his native place to Cortland Co., this State, in April, 1828, where he pursued his trade -for about sixteen years. In 1844 he removed to Syracuse, and thereafter engaged in mechanical pursuits. In 1851 his attention was 208 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. called to an offer by Mr. Bruce of a prize of $1,000 for the construction of a printing press. Our subject had previously invented a press, while working at his trade in Cortland. He determined to enter the lists, being convinced that he could do so successfully, and the result proved his conviction good. His press more than equaled the conditions of the offer, printing 1,000 copies per hour instead of the 500 specified in the paper, and Mr. Northrup received the certificate, which was signed by many of the leading men of the time, and appeared in full in the New York Tribune, with editorial comments by Horace Greeley. The result of this was, that before our sub ject could get a company and one press built, he had thirty orders for presses. After continuing the manufacture of this press in Oneida until 1855, he went to Bridgeport, Conn., and began the same manufacture, remaining three years, selling his presses to the most prominent newspaper offices in the country, his trade extending also to Canada. In 1858 Mr. Northrup bought a farm at Marcellus, where he has since lived, and where in 1885 he built his web perfecting press. Mr. Northrup has one daughter, Mrs. James D. Mather. Mr. Northrup's father was Hezekiah, son of Joel, whose father was Joel a captain in the Revolution. This carries the family back to 1691. ' Rich, Curtis L., Marcellus, was born in Medina Co., Ohio, Sept. 2, 1838, son of Edward and Lorette A. Rich. Edward came from England when eighteen years of age. Lorette A. Rich was the daughter of Col. Dorastus Lawrence. Edward Rich settled on the town line west of Marcellus and continued to reside in the county till his death. Curtis L. , the subject, was educated in Marcellus, and Skaneateles and Jordan Academies, then volunteered in the late Civil war and went to the front with Co. F, 122d Regiment, and served till the close of the war. Mr. Rich was in twenty- four engagements and skirmishes, among others being Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg and in the Valley under Sheridan, taking in many of the principal bat tles of the war. Mr. Rich was wounded but once. After the war he engaged in farming. He married Celia, daughter of Joel Dunbar, by whom he has two children, Edward D. and Annie M. Edward is at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute at Troy, and Annie is living at home. Rhodes, Thomas, Marcellus, was born in Cambridge, Washington Co. Feb. 4, 1807, a son of John and Hester (Jackson) Rhodes. The former was a manufacturer, and conducted a woolen mill in Marcellus. He was born in 1760 and died in 1826. Thomas, our subject, came to this town at the age of nine years, went to Cazenovia to school, and supported himself, paying his own way through school. He first went to work in the woolen factory at Marcellus after completing his studies, and later bought a half interest in a mill at Marcellus Falls. This he conducted four years, sold out, and bought a farm in Jordan. Here he remained twenty- eight years, then sold his farm at a profit of $11,000. He has speculated largely in real estate, espe cially farming lands, and also dperated in railroad stock. For the past twenty-five years Mr. Rhodes has been out of active work, though he enjoys fair health and a mind of unimpaired vigor. April 17, 1831, he married Emily, daughter of Andrew and Charity Shepard, by whom he has six children: Thomas W., of Milwaukee; Antoinette, who married Albert Howland ; Frances, who married Cyrus Sweet, a former surrogate of Syracuse, since deceased ; Theodore F. , who is president of the Citizens' Bank of Frankfort, Kan. ; Mary, who married Dr. John Coles, of Cam- FAMILY SKETCHES. 209 bridge, Neb. ; and J. Edson, a Methodist clergyman, of Skaneateles. His father died April 4, 1895, of apoplexy within one hour from the time he was taken. Just before the stroke he had written a business letter and the address on the envelope gave no sign of sudden dissolution, his mind being good till stricken. He was 88 years 2 months old. Rutherford, William, Marcellus, was born in Galashiels, Selkirkshire, Scotland, in May, 1852, a son of James Rutherford. He learned the trade of dyeing in his native town, celebrated for its woolen manufactures, and passed through the various grades up to that of head dyer. This district of Scotland has supplied to the woolen manu facture of this country some of its principal artisans. Mr. Rutherford now conducts and has sole charge of the dyeing department of the celebrated Crown Mills of Mar cellus. He married Mary Ann Grant, and they have six children living: James Charles, Elizabeth, Ann Ethel, Austin Grant, Mabel Scott, and Mary Beatrice. Slocombe, Sidney, Marcellus, was born in England, Dec. 18, 1856, son of Samuel and Elizabeth Slocombe. Subject came to Marcellus in the spring of 1873, began as an apprentice and spent three and one-half years as an apprentice and journeyman at his trade of tinsmith. He then started in business in Marcellus for himself, and his business has gradually increased every year. He has a large store containing a fine line of stoves, agricultural implements and hardware, also has large store rooms in addition to his large store. Mr. Slocombe' s trade is a large one and extends all through the town. He married Urena Nettleton, daughter of Samuel Stafford Net- tleton, of Arnprior province of Ontario, Canada. They have four children : Chester A., Blanche, Frederick S. and Mary E. Seeley, George T., Marcellus, was born in Skaneateles, Nov. 8, 1832, a son of An son and Mary (Talbot) Seeley, aunt of Charles Thomas Talbot of Lowell, Mass. An son Seeley was born in Dutchess Co., then moved to the town of Skaneateles where he always lived, and owned and conducted a farm in that town until the time of his death, May 18, 1856. His wife died April 11, 1881. George T. Seeley was educated in Skaneateles and came to reside in Marcellus in 1864, where he bought the farm on which he has since resided. Mr. Seeley's farm consists of fine land under a high state of cultivation, but it may more properly be called a stock farm, as he raises Percheron horses and also French coach. There is nothing finer in this line than the stock Mr. Seeley raises, of which he sells a considerable number each year. He married Sarah, daughter of John Davey of Skaneateles, and they have had four chil dren: Edward Anson, a graduate from Harvard College, who was born in Marcellus in 1863 and died March 10, 1891, in South Dakota, aged 28; Ida E., who is living at Rose Hill; Frank Talbot and Hattie M., who are living at home. Share, I. A., Marcellus, was born in La Fayette, Dec. 13, 1846, son of J. D. Share. The latter is a farmer, residing on a farm one mile west of the village. Our subject began life at farming and then went into the furniture business, and was superin tendent of Hooper's furniture factory, located first at Marcellus and afterward re moved to Fort Edward. He married Nellie F. Jones, and has two children, Minnie May and Mabel L. Mrs. Share died in Feb. 1883, and Mr. Share married Nellie Burlington of Marcellus. In 1891 he gave up the furniture business and returned to Marcellus and engaged as machinist in the Crown Mills No. 2. 210 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Stearns, John N., Marcellus, was born in Sheldon, Franklin Co., Vt. April 13, 1856, son of George H.. who was born in Sheldon in 1826 and died in 1860. John N. Stearns came to Marcellus in 1880 and commenced business in a small drug store. This business has gradually increased, until at the present time Mr. Stearns occupies the two largest stores in Marcellus. He carries a full line of drugs, paints, oils, etc., while adjoining and communicating with this store is^ another equal in size, where Mr. Stearns carries a full line of dry goods, groceries, hardware, etc. This business, among the largest to be found in any village of Onondaga Co., has been built up by our subject in the comparatively short time of fourteen years. He has been twice elected to the office of town clerk, and is now serving his second term. He is also treasurer of the corporation. He married Emma C. , daughter of B. D. Bacon of Essex Co. , and has two children Jessie B. and J. Maxwell. Stuckey, George, Marcellus, was born in Keinton, Somersetshire, England, Sept. 17, 1829, son of William and Mary Stuckey. The family came to Skaneateles in 1842 and engaged in farming. The following year they removed to Onondaga Valley and lived two years, then returned to Skaneateles, where they remained for three years, and then settled in Marcellus where William Stuckey died. Subject was edu cated in Onondaga Valley and Skaneateles, then went to farming and finally pur chased his present homestead in 1854. By additional purchases he has increased the size of his farm to over 200 acres, most all under a good state of cultivation. He married Fidelia Royce of Marcellus, who died in Jan. 1892. He has three children : Ida, who married J. F. De Coudres of Syracuse; William W., who is conducting a a farm for his father, and Lewis S. , who assists his father on the homestead. Sarr, Frank L., Marcellus, was born in Marcellus, March 31, 1860, a son of James Sarr, the retired builder, and one of the chief merchants of this town, whose sketch appears elsewhere. Frank L.,was educated in Marcellus, then began work at car pentry. Leaving this line, he engaged in the woolen mill, where he remained ten years. He is foreman of the carding department of the lower mills of the Crown plant. Mr. Sarr married Belle, daughter of James Anderson, one of the veterans of the late war, who participated in many of its principal battles, and a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Sarr have two children : Fred J. and Edna. Sarr, James, Marcellus, was born in Cayuga Co., May 2, 1831, a son of William and Sarah (Van Waggoner) Sarr. William was born in 1803 in Sullivan Co. , went to Skaneateles in 1822, and from there to Otisco, later removing to Marcellus, where he died in 1882. His father, John, was a Revolutionary soldier. Our subject was edu cated in the public schools and at the age of fifteen came to Marcellus, where he learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked for several years, then began building. He built the Methodist church at Marcellus, the Episcopal church (since burned), the large grist mills located at the Falls, also the Crown Mills, a fine brick edifice which will rank among the largest in the county, and has also put up many structures in different parts of the county. After building for about twenty-five years he retired and engaged in the sale of general merchandise, which he has fol lowed far the past sixteen years, having the largest and oldest business in the town of Marcellus. Mr. Sarr has served on the School Board for sixteen years, and also as justice of the peace. He has been deeply interested in education, and it was FAMILY SKETCHES. 211 largely through his efforts that the new school building and high school department were established. The structure is a fine one, and the school is graded into eleven departments. Mr. Sarr's efforts in behalf of this school are highly appreciated by his townspeople, and he has been elected president of the Board of Trustees. He married 'first Alice Carr, and had four children : William H., Robert J., Frank L. , and Nellie A. Mrs. Sarr died in 1885 and he married second Mrs. Julia Jackson. Wiltsie, Frank A., Marcellus, was born in Marcellus Aug. 26, 1845, son of Marsh and Julia S. YViltsie. John Wiltsie, father of Marsh, was among the first settlers in the county, before there were any roads, when every farmer carried his grain on his back and blazed the trees to mark paths. He cleared the farm on which his son Marsh resided and cultivated to the time of his death. One-half of his farm is now owned and conducted by the grandson of John Wiltsie. Our subject was educated in Skaneateles and Homer Academy, and then engaged in farming. Mr. Wiltsie has a fine farm under excellent cultivation. The family is among the oldest and best known in the county. Woodford, Justus Monroe, Marcellus, was born in Pompey, July 17, 1820, son of Hervey M. and Candace (Beach) Woodford. Hervey ~W. was born in Connecticut and moved to Pompey when he was sixteen years of age, where he residrd till his death in 1876, aged 82. Subject was educated in Pompey and removed to Marcellus in 1844, and has always followed farming. Mr. Woodford's farm consists of 193 acres, under a fine state of cultivation. He married Almeda, daughter of Oliver Hovey of Marcellus, by whom he has five children : Henrietta, Josephine, Dwight B., who is in the real estate business in Syracuse; Alice, who married Homer Austin of Onondaga, since deceased ; and Hervey M. Mr. Woodford is very active in Re publican political affairs, and works very hard for the success of his party. White, William B., Marcellus, was born in Marcellus, April 14, 1826, a son of Jeremiah G. B. and Lois White. The former was a native of Washington Co. and was a hatter and also a farmer in this town. He was born in 1794, came to the town of Marcellus about 1818, and died here Nov. 23, 1873. William B. was educated at Marcellus, and at the academy in Jordan, and started in the stove and tin business in this town in January, 1848, which he has ever since conducted, being the oldest merchant in Marcellus. He married Catherine, daughter of David Bonta, of Syra cuse, and has three children: Harry B., Fred G., and Howard, all now in school. Welsh, Robert, Marcellus, was born in Galashiels, Selkirkshire, Scotland, June 22, 1861. He went into the woolen manufacturing business in the world renowned man ufacturing center of Galashiels, working his way through all the departments of the woolen manufacturing business up to designer, m which he had a large experience in some of the principal manufactories in the south of Scotland. In Sept., 1888, he came to Marcellus and went to work in the Crown mills, as designer and assistant superintendent. He married in the old country Mary Scott, also a native of Scot land, and has four children, James, Henry, Agnes Helen and Mary Roberta. Mrs. Welsh is a daughter of Henry Scott of The Burn, Lilliesleaf, Selkirkshire, Scotland. Mr. Welsh takes an interest in religious matters, and is superintendent of the Pres byterian Sunday school in Marcellus. Abbe, Hart, Onondaga, was born in Solon, Cortland Co., in 1817, and when two 212 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. years old his mother (Nancy Welch) died and he went to live with his grandfather Welch. He settled in this town in 1853, coming to his present farm about 1870. His father was Charles Abbe, a native of Connecticut, who was one of the early settlers of Cortland Co. He was a stone cutter by trade, and died in Canada about 1827. His children were : Phineas, Henry C. , Miranda and Hart. Hart married Catharine Fisher, and their children were : Ida, George, Chester, Jennie and Lucius, of whom George is married and the father of three children, Ethel M. (deceased), Eloise and George P. ; Ida who married, and died, leaving six children, Myron H. , Erwin C. , Roy W., Elsie L., Garth A. and Florence. C. Sherman; and Jennie has one child, Alfred Fay. Mr. Abbe is the owner of a fine place of 100 acres, devoted to grain raising. Bowen, Edgar, Onondaga, the owner of a fine farm of 113 acres, was born in Mar cellus in 1841 and came to this town about 1870. He is a son of Rensselaer Bowen, a native of Marcellus, born in 1812, who died in 1857. He was a son of Col. Elijah Bowen, of Connecticut, who settled in this county early in its history. The father of our subject married Mary J. Rathburn, and their children were: Le Roy, Juliette, Edgar, William K., and Laura. Edgar married Amelia, daughter of Otis and Rosina (Hall) Annable, whose children are: Amelia, Hannah, Ruby Mary, Emma, Ella. Orin and Julius. Mr. and Mrs. Bowen have children as follows: William K., Laura, Jennie, Le Roy, and Ralph. William K. married Anna Belle Smith, by whom he has two children : Pearl and Floyd; Jennie married William Hannam and has one child, Edgar. Broad, William G. , Onondaga, keeper of the Onondaga County Poorhouse, was born in this town. In Nov. 1861, he enlisted in the 3d Missouri Cavalry, serving three years. He received an honorable discharge Nov. 23, 1864, and was appointed to his present position Jan. 1, 1894. He is a son of Robert Broad, a native of Eng land, who settled in this town about 1835. He married Florence D. Tucker, a daughter of John N. Tucker, who printed the first newspaper ("The Star") published in Syracuse. Gad M. Lawrence, Mrs. Broad's maternal grandfather, a native of Massachusetts, settled in this town in 1809 and helped to build the Genesee Turnpike when he first came here. Mr. and Mrs. Broad have four children : C. Elma, George B., Irving J., and William R. Broad. Clark, George B., Onondaga, farmer and builder, was born in this town May 4, 1831, a son of John F., and grandson of John Clark, who came to this town from Adams, Berkshire Co., Mass., in 1803, with his wife and two boys, John F. and George B., aged five and three years. In 1812 John Clark was captain of a company called out to protect our frontier. George B. died in 1825. John F. married Minerva Reed and they had five children: Jane A., George B., Augustus R., Franklin B., and Elmer J. John F. Clark was chosen to the State Legislature in 1850, serving one term. George B. Clark was president or secretary of the board of education of Onondaga Academy about fifteen years, and served as justice of the peace about eight years. He married Caroline D. Bridgman and they have had five children, the youngest of whom, Arthur B., is the only one living. He is professor of architecture in the Leland Stanford University, California. Tney have also two grandchildren : Roger and Lucy Wells, children of their oldest daughter, Lucy. FAMILY SKETCHES. 213 Clift, Joseph Forman, Onondaga, was born in Onondaga, Sept. 2, 1841, eldest son of liemuel Clift and Hannah M. Forman, his wife, both natives of this town. Joseph Clift, was one of the pioneers of this town, coming from Vermont, alone, at the age of seventeen (about 1800). Hannah M. Forman was born in Onondaga Y'alley, July 13, 1816, a daughter of John and granddaughter of Deacon Joseph Forman, also pioneers from Dutchess Co., N. Y. Joseph Forman Clift married Caroline A. Garfield, of Cardiff, in 1864, who died April 9, 1874, leaving five children: Gertrude E., Irving D., Jesse F., Caroline A., and one who died in infancy. He married Sarah H. Rude, of Onondaga Valley, July 4, 1885, only daughter of Norman Rude, the pioneer of the San Bias Inter-oceanic Canal route, and Harriet E. Forman, his wife. Judge Joshua Forman, brother of John Forman (the father of Hannah M. and Harriet E.) was the one who originated the idea of the Erie Canal, and introduced the bill to the Legislature at Albany for the appropriation for the first survey. Joseph F. Clift has a factory at Elmwood with all kinds of wood work ing machinery, also a cider mill. Cleaveland, Lewis S., Onondaga, was born in Skaneateles, Aug. 18, 1829, and set tled in this place March 1, 1867. He has served as justice of the peace for the past eight years, and was re-elected in 1894 for four more years. He married Mary J. , daughter of John Cook, of Marcellus, and they have five children: Maltby J., Lewis YY'., Edwin L., Beulah P., and Charles S. Lewis S., our subject, is a son of Lewis W., who married Lucy Burrill and had these children: Russell H., Edwin N., Lucy A.. Lyman B., Charles S., and Maltby P. The latter was a soldier in the late war. having enlisted in the 15th N. Y. Cavalry, and died from illness acquired in the ser vice. The wife of Lewis W. died Oct. 27, 1839, and he married second Mrs. Amelia Hubbard YVarner, by whom he had two children : Hubbard W. and Willis. The father of Lewis W. was Nehemiah Cleaveland, a native of Williamsburg, Mass., a Revolutionary soldier, and he was a son of Nehemiah, whose father was Henry, and whose grandfather was Moses Cleaveland, a native of Ipswich, Suffolk Co., Eng land, who came to America in 1635 and settled in Woburn, Mass. Grover Cleveland is one of the descendants of Moses Cleaveland. Fowler, Moses, jr., Onondaga, son of Moses and Elizabeth Fowler, was born in the town of Onondaga, Feb. 9, 1830. He was the youngest of four children, namely : Maxwell T. , Samantha C, and Gideon D. Gideon served in the Rebellion and fell a victim to the strong hand of disease at Baton Rouge, July 3, 1863. Maxwell T. and Samantha still survive and are living on the same place where their parents died. On the 17th of July, 1867, Moses, jr., was married to Augusta H., daughter of Melvin and Almira Seymour, of Marcellus. She was one of seven children, namely: Addi son M., Edwin M., Frank M., Augustus M., John M., and Orville M. Seymour, all of whom are living in the town of Marcellus but Edwin (deceased). By the union of Mr. and Mrs. Fowler they had three children : Gideon M. , Max T. , and Kittie E. Moses Fowler, jr., was reared on a farm, always lived in this town, where he served as highway commissioner six years. He died Feb. 28, 1886. Fenner, Elias B. , Onondaga, wagon manufacturer, was born in this town in 1842, the son of Abbott Fenner, whose father was Turner Fenner, a native of Rhode Island, and one of the first to come to this town. Abbott Fenner was born in Onon daga Dec. 14, 1807, and" died Dec. 20, 1881. He married Elmina Bradley, and they 214 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. had these children: William H., Turner, Sarah, Edgar, Almeron, Elmina, Elias B., Phoebe, and Nancy. Elias B. married^Sarah Bailey, and they have two children: Almeron and Edith. Mrs. Fenner died Nov. 28, 1875. The grandfather of Elias B. , Turner Fenner, came to this locality in 1799, one of the first settlers here, and kept a hotel at Budlong Corners, also built the first saw mill in the town. Fowler, Maxwell T., Onondaga, is the owner of a fine farm of 260 acres, devoted to general farming and dairying. He is a son of Moses Fowler, a soldier in the war *of 1812, who was at Sackett's Harbor. He received a grant of 160 acres of land for his services. His father was Thomas Fowler, one of three brothers who came from Scotland and settled in Dutchess Co. Thomas settled in this town when it was all wilderness, and built a log house, where he resided until his death at the age of 40. Moses Fowler was four years of age when he came to this town with his parents. He married Elizabeth Pierce, and they had four children, Maxwell T. , Samantha C. , Gideon D., whd was a soldier in the late war (Co. G, 75th N. Y. Vols.), and died at Baton Rouge from illness contracted in the service ; and Moses, who died Feb. 28, 1886. Gideon D. died July 30, 1863. Moses Fowler, father of our subject, was born in 1793, and settled in this town in 1797, dying Jan. 10, 1888. His wife, Elizabeth, was born March 3, 1801, in Brattleboro, Vt., and died Dec. 7, 1872. Hunt, George W., Onondaga, was born in England, and came to America, settled in the town of Cicero, in 1839, in Geddes in 1844, Onondaga Valley in 1846, and Jamesville in 1851. From there he went to Dewitt in 1854, and in 1857 settled on the farm where he now lives. This is a part of the 300 acre tract taken up by Ephraim Webster, and was the first settlement made in Onondaga Co. He lived first in a log house, then erected the frame house, which burned down in 1891. The house was sixty-five feet in length and was straight and plumb at the time of* the fire, at which time many relics were burned. George W. was the son of Austin and Phoebe Hunt, whose children were Austin J., George W., Mary, Edmund, John, Harry, Elizabeth and Charles. George W. married Frances A. Olcott, and their children were Phoebe and Frank. Phoebe married Frederick Kimber, and has three children, Edna, Buelah, and Howard; Frank Hunt married Florence Gibbs. Our subject married second, Ellen Chamberlin, a daughter of Edward S. and Maria K. Chamberlin, and they had four children, Myron H., Ellen A., Sarah A., and Joseph E. Joyce, Thomas, Onondaga, was born in Ireland in 1837, and settled in this town in 1852. He is a veteran of the war of the Rebellion, having enlisted in 1862 in Co. D, 122d N. Y. Vols., under Captain Cossitt, who succeeded Cornell Chrysler as captain of that company. Mr. Joyce received his honorable discharge June 23, 1865, at the close of the war. He was married in 1858, and had one son when he went to the war. He married Mary, daughter of Cheney Amidon, who died Feb. 11, 1863, in the eightieth year of his age. He was born in Connecticut, and came about, 1802, al ways residing on the same farm until his death. He became a man of wealth, and the father of a numerous family. Thomas and Mary Joyce have two children, Charles Henry and Chloe May. The latter is married and has three children. Rex, Harold, and Mary Austin. The father of our subject was Thomas, and the mother Ann Joyce, whose children were John, Mary, Thomas, James, Luke, Catherine. Mat thew, and Michael. FAMILY SKETCHES. 215 Kenyon, Thomas C. , Onondaga, was born in this town in 1829 and settled on his present farm in 1870. He is a son of Rausel S. Kenyon, a native of Rhode Island, who settled in this town in 1816, married Elizabeth Card, and had eleven children: Joseph C, Enoch, Catharine, Augustus C, Susan A., Polly, Joshua C, Amanda, Rausel S., Thomas C, and William M. Thomas C. married Eliza, daughter of Zina Chapman, a native of this town who has these children: Charlotte A., Adelia A., Alfred, Emerson D., Julia G., Lucia M., Marcia S., George, Mary E., Adelbert and Pauline A. Our subject and wife have these children: Burnet C, H. Grant, Gertrude, Avery P., Rossie R. Mr. Kenyon is a member of the M. E. church of Cedarville, and has filled the position of class leader about fifteen years, and that of Sunday school superintendent for about twenty years. He is the owner of 100 acres of fine farming land in Cedarville, and has served his town as commissioner of high ways. King, V. Leroy, Onondaga, was born in South Onondaga Aug. 22, 1830, and set tled on the farm where he now lives in 1839. His father, Volney King, was a native of Vermont and came with his father (Thomas King)and settled in Marcellus about 1805. The children of Thomas were as follows: Zina, Volney, Timothy, Rufus, Thomas, Ruth and Naomi. Volney married Salina Chapman, by whom he had these children : S. Augusta, Dewitt C. , V. Leroy and George T. V. Leroy married Patience M. Case, by whom five children were born, viz. . Mary V., Sara M., Lydia E., George R., and Cornie A. Sara rnarried Addison Abbott and has eight children : Milton L., Frank W., S. Rena, Elva A., Ethelbert K, Leon A., Wilfred L. and Howard Dayton. Lydia E. Krakan has these children: T. Irving, Leroy K. , Lena J., Lina C, Volney J and Orson R. The children of George R. are as follows: B. Lucille, J. Leroy and Harold J. Cornie married John Hitchings, and their children are Horace King, Gladys I. and George Clifford. The subject of this sketch married and moved to Otisco in 1853, where he lived thirty-four years. He was elected supervisor of the town in 1870, and nearly always held some town office. Lathrop, Charles G., Onondaga, is a veteran of the war of the Rebellion, having enlisted in Co. D, 122d N. Y. Vols., August 3, 1862, and received an honorable dis charge on account of wounds on July 5, 1865. He was first wounded Sept. 19, 1864, near Winchester, Va., and second near Petersburg, March 25, 1865. He was born at Onondaga Hill, March 29, 1840, a son of Gibson Lathrop, who enlisted in a Cay uga regiment in 1862, and served till his death, having been killed on the gunboat "Diana." Charles G. Lathrop married Frances Bronson, and they have two chil dren, Mary A. and Nellie E. Marlette, C. C, Onondaga, a farmer now retired, was born in the town of Milford, Otsego Co., May 23, 1823, and March 5, 1847, settled in Onondaga Valley. He mar ried Mary Ann Hopkins, by whom he has one daughter, Watie E. Haight. Our subject has served as town clerk, and was postmaster under Cleveland's first admin istration, having also served as president of the Board of Education for eight years. He is a son of Peter Marlette, a native Of Charleston, Montgomery Co., whose father was Gideon Marlette, a major under Washington in the Revolution. Mackeyes, Edwin L., Onondaga, was born in the town of Onondaga, Sept. 30, 1842 and has resided here all his life. He owns a farm of 178 acres of good land. 216 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. His father was Edwin Mackeyes, also a native of this town, whose father, Stores Mackeyes, was born in Connecticut and became one of the first settlers here, having taken up the land where Jonathan Randall now lives, which he cleared and im proved, and where his son and grandson were both born and reared. Stores married Miss Rhoda Smith of Connecticut, and their children were Smith, Stores, jr., Diana, Amos and Edwin. The latter married Martha Lawrence, a daughter of Gad M. Lawrence, and they had two children, Edwin L. and Nellie M. Jewell. Edwin L. married Emma L. Moseley, daughter of Charles W. Moseley, and granddaughter of Judge Moseley. Mr. and Mrs. Edwin L. Mackeyes have two children. Edwin L. , jr., and Albert C. Edwin L. , jr., married Isabelle Welch, daughter of Henry Welch of Onondaga. Randall, Jonathan, Onondaga, was born in the town of Marcellus in 1832, a son of Levi, native of Massachusetts, who settled in this country about 1810, and the latter's father was Jonathan, one of the very early settlers and a native of Massachusetts. Levi Randall married Margaret Chrysler, and their children were George, Harriet, Clarissa, Elias, Jane, Jonathan and James. Jonathan married Elizabeth, daughter of Seba and Lana (Lower) Whitford, and they had these children: Jane, Helen, Martha, Elizabeth, John, Eleanor and William. Lana Lower was a daughter of John, one of the first children born in the town of Manlius, and he was a son of Con rad Lower, one of the first settlers of that town, coming from the Mohawk country. The family is of German descent. Russell, Charles H., Onondaga, was born in Lowell, Mass., Jan. 24, 1847. He came here in 1878 and bought the stone quarry in 1881, the product of the quarry being mostly used for building purposes, though some of it finds its way to the soda ash works. The stone is a fine quality of Onondaga limestone, and the lower down they work the better is the quality. Mr. Russell furnished stone for the founda tion of the Crouse block in Syracuse, the May Memorial church and St, Joseph's church, as well as for many other prominent buildings and dwellings. The quarries formerly belonged to H. G. Alvord. Mr. Russell is a son of Harrison E., whose father was Amos Russell of Gilmanton, New Hampshire. Charles married Anna T. Ring, and they have two children, Grace M. and Jessie M. Russell. Mrs. Russell is a daughter of Samuel G. Barker, who came to this county from New Hampshire in 1851, and who died in Jan., 1892. Stolp, John, Onondaga, was born in Marcellus, June 14, 1813, and settled on the farm where he now lives in 1828, coming here with his parents, his father being John Stolp, sr., who was born in 1777, near Hudson, N. Y. , and settled in this county in 1803. He was a son of Peter Stolp, who came to America from Germany with his parents at the age of twelve and settled about ten miles east of Hudson on a farm. He married Catharine Chrisler, and their children were George, John, Peter, Fred erick, William and Joseph, and one daughter, Elizabeth. John Stolp, sr., married Rebecca Gordon at Florida, Montgomery Co., N. Y., 1802, and had these children: Eliza, Harriet, Catharine, Mary, John, jr. , and George. Our subject married Lydia Wolcott, now deceased, in Michigan, Jackson Co., in 1837. They had one child, who died in infancy. John Stolp is the owner of valuable real estate adjoining the city on its southerly line, and was one of the builders of the Fifth Ward Railroad, being connected with T. B. Fitch, Judge Morgan, Judge Northrup, Dudley Phelps and FAMILY SKETCHES. 217 others, being the second street railroad built in Syracuse. Mr. Stolp came to the town of Onondaga at Navarino in 1821 ; he removed to the present Elmwood in 1828, and has since resided there. Mr. Stolp has been identified with the material inter ests of the county for about three-quarters of a century, and has probably outlived every resident of the town when he came into it. His life has thus far been well spent; he has accumulated a handsome property in a thoroughly legitimate manner, and has the respect of all who know him personally or by reputation. Strong, Carlos A., Onondaga, was born in Otisco, May 3, 1831, and moved to On ondaga Valley in 1858. He was born and reared on a farm where he always lived. His father was Phineas Strong, a native of Southampton, Mass., who married Fanny Pomeroy, a daughter of Samuel Pomeroy, and they had four children: Fanny T., Carlos A., Edwin A., a teacher in the State Normal School at Yypsilanti, Mich., and Horace E. , of Osage City, Kan. Phineas settled in Otisco in 1826 and died June 9, 1875, aged 70 years. Spalding, George W., of East Onondaga, was born in Otisco, Feb. 26, 1830, and settled in Spafford in 1836, residing there until 1867, and where he held the office of superintendent of schools. Mr. Spalding is a civil engineer by profession, but has followed farming most of his life. He has served as supervisor of East On ondaga, road commissioner, and taken a prominent part in the affairs of the town. His father was George Spalding, and his grandfather Jeremiah, who was a soldier in the Revolution, and was present at the surrender of Lord Cornwallis. George W. married, Oct. 16, 1853, Francis M., daughter of Daniel Sherwood, of this town. She had three children, two now living, George W., jr., and Fannie C. The oldest daughter, Libbie M., died Dec. 3, 1893, aged 34 years. Tolman, Hon. Harvey P., M.D., Onondaga, was born in Pompey July 12, 1823, and graduated from the medical department of Columbia College, New York city, in 1848. He was in practice for about thirty years, since which time he has made farming his occupation exclusively. He has a farm of 245 acres in Pompey, and owns fifteen acres of land at the Valley, which is devoted to fruit raising and garden produce. Dr. Tolman has been active in public affairs, having served as supervisor of this town, member of assembly from the second district, etc. He married Rhoda Clapp of Pompey, who died in May, 1879, aged 56 years, leaving two children, Mrs. Florence A. Skellinger and Mrs. Sarah E. Vincent. Dr. Tolman married, second, Sarah L., daughter of Charles L. Skinner and his wife, Jane Longstreet (who was a grand daughter of Comfort Tyler). Dr. Tolman is a son of James Tolman, a native of Sharon, Mass., whose father, William was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. The old homestead of 200 acres has been in the Tolman family for over 200 years. Turner, Wm. H., Onondaga, was born in 1851 in the town of Marcellus, and settled in this town in, 1883. He is one of the five sons of Oren and Rhoda Turner, the others being Charles E., Oscar, Theodore and George A. William H. married Ida R. Potter and they have two children, Edna L. and Luzerne V. Mrs. Turner was a daughter of S. Angeline Briggs, and she was a daughter of James Redway, one of the first settlers of the town of Otisco. Mrs. Turner's father was Edwin Potter, a soldier in the war of the Rebellion, who died from disease while in the service. William H. Turner was educated in the public schools of the town of Mar- 218 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. cellus and at Falley Seminary, Fulton, N. Y. At the age of eighteen he began teaching school in the district schools of his native town, teaching winters and work ing upon the farm summers, continuing for twelve consecutive years, since which time he has been engaged in farming. He held the office of justice of the peace for one term in the town of Marcellus and was elected supervisor of the town of Onon daga in 1893, and re-elected in 1894 for the term of two years. He has taken an ac tive part in all the important proceedings of the board of supervisors since he has been a member, and it was in consequence of a resolution 6ffered by him that the "Good Roads" committee of 1893-94 was appointed by the board. Tucker, James, Onondaga, superintendent of St. Agnes Cemetery, was born in Ireland, June 28, 1838. He came to America and settled in this county in April, 1850, and has held his position of superintendent since 1877. Oct. 8, 1861, he enlisted in the navy, U. S. Marine Corps, at the Boston Navy Yard, and his first cruise was made on the "Kearsage," on which steamer he served thirty-four months. He next served seven months aboard the receiving ship "New Hampshire" at Port Royal, S. C, and was discharged Nov. 11, 1865, at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, returning to this town. James is a son of Bartholomew and Bridget Tucker, who had four chil dren who came to this country, Patrick, John, James, and Peter. James married Margaret McGrath, and they have two sons, Peter J. and William P. Mr. Tucker was a guard at Auburn Prison for three years. Tilden; Willet H., Onondaga, was born on the farm of 97 acres, where he now re sides, Aug. 25, 1837. He is a son of Elisha Tilden, a native of Easton township, Mass., who came to this farm at the age of twelve years, with his father, David. The latter had three children: Elihu, David and Susan. Elihu married Mary Lowns- bury, who was born on a farm near Schenectady, N. Y. , and their children were : Charles L., of Afton, Ind., Jane, Willet H., and John N., of Peekskill on the Hud son. Willet married Amanda Wilcox of his native county, and their children are Giles W., John B., Elihu, Mary L., David, Herbert Eben, and Evert V. ; the latter died Feb. 24, 1893, in his eighth year. The grandfather, Elihu, was for many years a member of the Independent Rifle Co. of Onondaga, taking much interest in military affairs of the day and who died April 5, 1885, aged 83. Mrs. Mary Lowns- bury Tilden died Jan. 29, 1891, aged 84. David Tilden died in April, 1847, aged 81. Tucker, Patrick, Onondaga, was born in 1834, settled in this county in 1850, and has resided here ever since. He settled on his present farm of 130 acres in 1883. His father was Bartholomew Tucker, who married Bridget Fleming, and their chil dren were John, James, Peter (now in San Francisco), Patrick, who married Ellen Carlin, by whom he has eight children, Fabian J., John H., George F., Ellen, Mary J., Jessie A.1, Alice L. and Julia E. Tucker. Van Benschoten, E. S., of Onondaga Valley, is a son of James and Nancy Van Benschoten, who had six children, as follows: Ellen, Edwin S., John G., Palmer R., Nancy and Louise. James was a son of John, formerly of the, Mohawk valley. Ed. win S. married Sarah C. Eliot, a daughter of Andrew and Sarah A. Eliot of Geddes, and they have one child, Eliot. Mr. and Mrs. Eliot have these children : Jane A. , Mary E., Sarah C, and one who died in infancy, Lewis H. The family came from Ulster Co, Mr. Eliot was the first policeman of Geddes, and helped draw the stone FAMILY SKETCHES. 219 for the first pavements of Syracuse. Our subject has served as road commissioner two years, and one year as collector of the town of Spafford. He enlisted in Decem ber, 1862, in the late war, Co. C, 12th N. Y. Vol. Cav., and was discharged Septem ber 4, 1865, serving as first sergeant. Wilcox, Charles A. , Onondaga, was born in Oxford, Chenango Co. , N, Y. , in 1838, and settled on this farm about 1868. He is the owner of a cider mill, a feed mill and a saw mill. These mills were erected by Aaron F'ay about 1810, but haye been re built and enlarged by Mr. Wilcox, and are now doing a fine custom business. Our subject is a son of John L. and Eliza M. Wilcox, their children being Edgar C, Charles A. and Nancy E. Charles A. married Sarah Haines, a daughter of Albert and Lydia A. Haines of Penn Yann, N. Y. Wyckoff, Hon. Jonathan, Onondaga, was born March 20, 1846, at Navarino, this county, a son of Austin G., who was born in Montgomery Co., April 10, 1813. The latter was a son of Jonathan Wyckoff, who settled in Skaneateles about 1817. He married Sarah Beard, and they had these children: Austin G., Angeline, Anguanna, Annette, Christopher C. , Julia A. and Delilah. Austin G. married Rebecca Eggles- ton and had these children: Helen, Jonathan, Austania R. and Austin G., jr. Jona than married Emma Janette Beebe, and has two children, Helen A. and Effie R. The family have descended from Cornelius Gleu, who was one of the colony that first settled New Amsterdam, now New York city in 1612, coming from Amsterdam, Holland, on the ship "Good Frau." Our subject, Hon. Jonathan Wyckoff, has taken a prominent part in affairs of his town and county. He served as supervisor during 1884-5, was a member of assembly in, 1893-94, and has otherwise taken a leading position among his townsmen. In 1890 he was sent to Washington by the New York State Tobacco Growers' Association to represent them before the Ways and Means Committee. The object was to petition for tobacco legislation, and in this Mr. Wyckoff was successful, having also succeeded in getting legisla tion very favorable to the farmers while in the Assembly. . Wilson, William A. , Onondaga, was born at Onondaga Hill in 1826, a son of Abner Wilson, a native of Connecticut, who came here about 1804. He and his wife, Elmira, had four children, Julia, Catelin, Warren K, and William A. The latter married Eliza Arnst, and they have two children living, William A., jr., and Sophie M. William A. , jr. , married Mary I. Kinney, and they have one child, Helen Irene. Mrs. Eliza Wilson's father, Daniel Arnst, was one of the first settlers. Wilcox, Benjamin F. , Onondaga, was born in this county, and is now a farmer of South Onondaga. He has served as collector of this town, and is a veteran of the late war, x having enlisted in Co. E, 149th N. Y. Vols., on March 28, 1864. He was wounded July 20, 1864, at Peach Tree Creek, his right foot being amputated on the field, and he went to Chattanooga, where he remained a week, then to Nashville, Tenn., two months at College Hill Hospital No. 2, came home on a furlough. He then went to Rochester St. Mary's Hospital, Dec. 12, 1864, remaining until July, then went to Ira Harris Hospital, Albany, being discharged Aug. 8, 1865. He mar ried Alice L. Eaton, who died Feb. 28, 1889, aged 38. They had 'eight children, as follows: Eva B., Joseph H., George L., Hattie P., Fred C, Mariette A., Lina A.,. and Frank E. Our subject was born July 4, 1842, a son of Cheney, a native of this place, who was a son of Stutley Wilcox, one of the earliest settlers of this town. 220 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Abbott, Addison, Otisco, was born in Otisco, Sept. 11, 1852, a son of Warner and Sophia (Eastman) Abbott, both natives of Connecticut. The paternal grandparents were Amos and Sally (Gregg) Abbott, who came from Connecticut and settled on the farm of our subject. Warner Abbott held various town offices, was justice of the peace, etc. , and was also member of assembly in 1844. He was born in 1801 and died in 1868. Mrs. Abbott was born in 1807, and died in 1882. Our subject was reared on the farm and attended school at .Onondaga Academy. He has always fol lowed farming, having a place of 171 acres of fine land. In 1875 he married Sara M. , daughter of Leroy and Patience (Case) King, farmers of Otisco, now residents of Onondaga. Mr. and Mrs. Abbott have had three children: Milton L., Frank W. , S. Rena, Elva A., Ethelbert K., Leon A., and Howard D. Mrs. Abbott's grand father, Rufus Case, was one of the first settlers of the town. He was born in the town of Chester, Berkshire Co., Mass., March 5*, 1779. In 1819 he came to Otisco and settled on the farm adjoining Mr. Abbott's, where he lived to the advanced age 98 years. Burroughs, Seymour H., Otisco, was born in Otisco, Feb. 16, 1827, a son of Ira and Marinda Billings Burroughs. Our subject was reared on the farm which occu pation he has always followed, farm having been cleared by his father and consist ing of 142 acres, devoted to general agriculture and beekeeping, chiefly the latter. In 1849 he married Betsey A. , daughter of Maxson and Delia (Gardiner) Woodmansee of Tully. Mr. and Mrs. Burroughs have had five children .- Ladelpha, widow of De Forest Bishop, who died in 1879. She has four children: Wirt N, Glen H., Mildred A., and Daisy E. ; Zoresta, who died aged three years; Melva, wife of Henry Row land of Grand Ledge, Mich., and has had seven children: Lu Ella, Ralph, who died aged six, Harry, Mamie, Vida, Seymour, and Seyforth, who died aged eight months ; Jennie, wife of Anson Churchill of Borodino, hotel keeper. They have three chil dren: Iva G., Nina M., and Ruby K. ; Ida, wife of A. L. Dennis, of Genoa, who has one child, Ruth P. Mr. Burroughs has served as assessor of this town a number of years, is also a member of the Grange and has been director eight years in the On ondaga Co. Patrons Fire Relief Association. Case, John, Otisco, was born in Potter, March 21, 1818, a son of Perez and Mary (Cook) Case of Saratoga Co. , the father born in 1793, and the mother born in 1795. They first came to Potter, and in 1828 to Otisco, where they settled on the farm of our subject. Perez died Jan. 20, 1876, and his wife June 15, 1873. John Case was reared on the farm, which occupation he has since followed. In 1840 he married Mary, daughter of Warren and Martha (Wilson) Briggs of McLean. Mrs. Case was left an orphan when quite young, and was reared by Eleazer Slocum of this town. Mr. and Mrs. Case have two children: Hersel, a farmer of Otisco, who married and' has had four children : Frank, Leo, who died aged nine, Winnifred and Floyd. The daughter, Elizabeth, is the wife of Erastus Miller, mentioned elsewhere. French, Ashbel, Otisco, was born in Otisco, Feb. 20, 1830, a son of Ashbel and Louisa (Brooks) French, of Massachusetts, who came here in an early day with their parents. The paternal grandfather was a soldier in the Revolution. Ashbel, sr. , died in 1879, and his wife in 1851. Our subject was educated in Onondaga Acad emy, and later purchased the farm of fifty-seven acres where he now lives, to which he has added forty acres. In 1852 Mr. French married Jane R., daughter of Thomas FAMILY SKETCHES. 221 and Rebecca (Baker) Edwards of Marcellus, and they have had five children: Louisa I., who died aged four years and six months; Edgar, who died aged two years and six months; J. Dwight, who died aged two years; Delia, wife of Harry Tuffly of Tully, who has one son, Henry A. Tuffly; and Dora J., who is at home. Mr. French has been active in local affairs, and has served his town as assessor. He and family are members of the Reformed M. E. church, and also of the Grange. Hoyt, Guernsey, Otisco, was born in Tully in 1852, a son of Ebenezer S. and Mary (Sowles) Hoyt, of this county. The grandfather, Alpheus, came from Connecticut to this locality in an early day. They were farmers and basket makers. Ebenezer was reared on the farm, which occupation he has always followed. He came with his parents from the east when the country was new. He was a Republican in poli tics and the family were members of the Congregational church. Mr. Hoyt died in 1888 and Mrs. Hoyt in 1892. Guernsey H. was educated in the common schools, and in Otisco and Onondaga Academies. His first business was carpentry and join ing, which he followed six years, then engaged in the bee business at Otisco. He has a small farm, which he is setting out to small fruit, and his business is now bee keeping and fruit-growing. In 1878 he married Louisa, adopted daughter of I. T. and Mary J. Frisbie, of this town. Mr. and Mrs. Hoyt have had one son, Tyler F. , born in 1879, who is now in school. Mr. Hoyt is a Republican in politics. They attend and support the Congregational church in Otisco. Judson, Lester, Otisco, was born in New Woodstock, Cazenovia, March 20, 1840, a son of Nathan and Elmina (Gibson) Judson, both of Cazenovia. The grandfather, Abner, came from Connecticut, and was one of the pioneers of Cazenovia, where he followed farming, and there died. Nathan Judson died in 1857 Lester spent his early life on the farm, was educated atv Cazenovia, and in the fall of 1861 enlisted in Co. F, 76th N. Y. Vols., and was wounded at the second battle of Bull Run. being in hos pital from August to January, when he was honorably discharged. He then engaged as clerk in Otisco, and six years later, in 1869, set up in business for himself, having perhaps the finest and largest country store in the county. In 1865 he married Anna Vinal, and they had one son, Dumont, who died in infancy, and two daughters, Maud B., wife of F. M. Ryan, a clerk in Mr. Judson's store, who has three children, Judson L. , Howard and Mildred ; and Lillian N. , wife of J E. Lamb. Mr. Judson has served as town clerk for a number of years, also as supervisor. He has served several years as postmaster. Kinney, Warren J., Otisco, was born in the town of De Ruyter, in 1834, a son of Jeffer- and Mehetable (Cook) Kinney, he a native of Tolland Co. , Conn. The grandparents, Alpheus and Lucy (Eaton) Kinney, came from Connecticut and settled in De Ruyter in 1816, where they lived and died. The father of Alpheus was Nathan, who died in Connecticut. The maternal grandparents of Warren Kinney were Nathaniel and Sabra (Baldwin) Cook, who came from Connecticut to Easton, N. Y., and then to Cortland Co., where they died. Jefferson Kinney died in 1836, and his wife's death occurred in 1883. Our subject came to Otisco in 1854, where he has since lived. In 1859 he married Safety Adelia, daughter of David and Betsey (Sweet) Kinney of Madison Co., David having come there from Connecticut, and later to Allegany Co., where he still resides. Mr. and Mrs. Kinney have had four children: O. Edson, Gertrude May, Hattie, and Orra D. 222 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Munson, Jerod G., Otisco, was born in the town of Middlebury, Conn., Feb. 18, 1813, the only survivor of two sons and two daughters of Lambertonand Sarah (Gris wold) Munson, both natives of Connecticut, who came to Otisco in 1819, and settled on a farm. Later they went to Geneva, where both died. Both paternal and ma ternal grandfathers were in the Revolutionary war, one of them being captain of a sailing vessel. Our subject has always followed farming. He bought the place of 100 acres he now owns in 1852, but has now retired from active work. In 1839 he married Anna, daughter of William and Hannah (Cleveland) King, the Cleveland family being remarkable for its longevity, many of its members living to be over 100 years old. The Munson family has celebrated its 250th anniversary in this country. The great-grandfather of our subject, Thomas Munson, gave the ground on which Yale College was built. Mr. and Mrs. Munson have had these children : Julia, wife of Frederick Wilcox of Cortland Co. ; William K. Munson, a fruit grower of Grand Rapids, Mich. ; Edward A. Munson, manufacturer of edge tools of Grand Rapids, Mich. ; Sarah A. , wife of Peter R. Edinger. Mrs. Munson is now deceased. Munson, Willis W. , Otisco, was born in Otisco, Aug. 13, 1841, a son of Alfred and Lucina (Case) Munson. The grandparents, Aaron and Susanna (Thomas) Munson, came from Connecticut and 'settled in Otisco about 1804, where they died in old age. Willis W. was reared on a farm, was educated in his home district school and Homer Academy, and for several years engaged in teaching school. In Aug., 1862, he en listed in Co. E, 44th N. Y. Vols., and served three years, receiving his discharge in Aug. , 1865. He at once re-enlisted in the general service, and continued in the War department at Washington until 1871. During this latter time he was a student in the medical department of the Columbia University, and graduated in 1869. While in active service he participated in the following battles: Fredericksburg, Chancel lorsville and Upperville, Va. Mr. Munson located in his native town in 1871, where he has since practiced, meeting with marked success. He married Alma Kenyon, and has one son, Harry, born in 1874, now in Nebraska. Dr. Munson is a member of several medical societies, the Morning Stair Lodge No. 524, F. & A. M., and of Knapp Post, G. A. R., at South Onondaga. > Pomeroy, Byron, Otisco, was born in Otisco, March 21, 1849, a son of Stephen D. and Lucy A. (Lyon) Pomeroy, and the only one living, Kate, a daughter having died aged 30, in 1881. The grandparents were Stephen and Polly (Clapp) Pomeroy, who came from New England to this town with their aged parents, Ebenezer and Expe rience Pomeroy. The family came to America in the seventeenth century. Stephen came to Otisco in 1806 and was one of the first settlers, where he became a pros perous farmer. Of his large family but two now survive, Dr. T. C. Pomeroy of Syra cuse, and Fannie, wife of Mr. Willson, of Auburn, N. Y. He died Dec. 24, 1863, and his wife in 1852. Stephen D., father of Byron, was a miller and built two large flouring mills, was also a surveyor and farmer, and was colonel of militia. He died Sept. 9, 1866, and his wife Feb. 2, 1863. Byron was reared to farm work, and at the age of fourteen went to work on his own account at agriculture. When only fifteen he enlisted in Co. E, 193d N. Y. Vols. , serving till the close of the war. In 1881 he engaged in the hotel business in Otisco, and purchased the building in 1883. Several years later the old buildings burned, and he rebuilt in four months, having now a fine hotel. In 1871 he married Jane, daughter of William and Mary Gay, and they FAMILY SKETCHES. 223 have had two sons, Hugh, born in Aug., 1874, and Gay, born in May, 1876. Mr. Pomeroy has served as constable, collector, etc. Rice, Edwin, Otisco, was born in the town of Otisco, May 2, 1836, one of nine chil dren of Levi and Catherine (Reed) Rice, both natives of Massachusetts, he born in 1799. The grandparents of Mr. Rice were Jonah and Mary (Hoyt) Rice, both natives of Old Malby, Mass., where they were married. They went to Ashbornham, thence to Otisco, where they spent their lives. Levi Rice came to Otisco about 1821, and after about six months returned to Massachusetts, returning with his wife to Otisco Valley, where they engaged in farming and there spent their lives. Mrs. Rice died in 1838, and Mr. Rice was afterwards twice married, first to a Miss Wheeler, by whom he had two children, also adopting one making twelve in all, and second to a Mrs. Austin. Mr. Rice died in 1889. Our subject was educated in Homer Academy, and in 1862 he bought the farm of sixty-one acres where he resides, and which he has increased to 115 acres. In 1859 he married Lizzie A. Wheeler, and had one daughter, Nettie E. , who died aged ten. His wife died March 1, 1862, and in 1863 Mr. Rice married second Harriet L., daughter of Ansel and Nancy Bacon of Cort land Co. They have had four children : Walter A. , who was educated at Onondaga Valley Academy and is now a practicing lawyer at Grand Rapids, Mich., married Nellie A. Munson, daughter of William K. Munson, a fruit grower of Grand Rapids, and has two children, Carleton E, and Leland M. ; Jonas M., was educated at Onon daga Valley Academy, now engaged in newspaper work in Syracuse ; Minnie E. , who is blind, attended school at the State Institution for the blind, at Batavia, N.Y. ; and Emma L. is now attending the High School at Grand Rapids, Mich. Williams, Samuel, Otisco, was born in Marcellus, Oct. .22, 1841, the first son of Solomon and Abigail (Steuben) Williams (second son, Henry, deceased), both of Massachusetts, where the grandparents, Dudley and Catharine Williams resided, the latter settling later in South Otselic Dudley W. was a soldier in the Revolution. Solomon W. came to Marcellus, and was married there about 1838 and engaged in farming, where they lived till 1841 and then went to Otisco and died there, he in 1881 and his wife in 1892. Samuel was reared on the farm, and that has been his chief occupation. He learned the blacksmith's trade when young, at which he worked one year in Syracuse. > In 1873 he bought his present farm, and makes a specialty of tobacco raising. Mr. Williams secured the post-office at Zealand, and was special carrier for some time. Aug. 28, 1862, he enlisted in the war and served until June 30, 1865. He participated in the battles of Antietam, Hancock, Williams- port, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, etc, ; was taken prisoner May 11, 1864, and confined in Andersonville and Florence prisons until April, 1865. when he was released. In 1866 our subject married Mary E., daughter of L. L. D. and Ada- line N. (Allen) Clark of Otisco. Mr. Clark was a physician by profession, educated at Hartford, Conn., and came to this town in 1840. Mr. and Mrs. Williams have had eight children : Lorenzo E., Elnora A. (who died aged sixteen), Carrie L., Samuel A., Homer E., Jessie L., Jennie (who died in infancy), and May Frances. Wilson, David, Otisco, was born in England, Nov. 13, 1848, a son of Samuel and Sarah (Brownell) Wilson, both of England, who came to America in 1849 and settled first in Otisco Center. He died in 1891 and his wife 1892. Our subject has been en gaged in farming, having purchased the homestead on the death of his father ; 1876 224 ONONDAGAN CENTENNIAL. he married Alvira, daughter of Ward and Harriet (Littlefield) Churchill of Spafford. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson have four children. H. ,Claudine, Jessie lone, Sarah J. and Marion B. Bagg, Thomas A., Pompey, was born in Pittsfield, Mass., Feb. 21, 1816. His parents were Josiah W. and Sallie (Burt) Bagg of Massachusetts, who came to Oneida Co. , where they died. The grandfather, Martin Bagg, was born in Massa chusetts, and also died in Oneida Co. Thomas A. was educated in the public schools and began work on the farm at an early age, his mother dying and the maintenance of the family devolving largely upon him. He owned a farm in Boonville, Oneida Co., which he sold in 1866 and came to Pompey, where he bought 130 acres, but in 1881 went to Buelville, remaining six years, then returned to his farm and resided five years, but in 1892 he retired permanently to Buelville, where he now lives. In 1841 he married Susan Markham, born in West Turin, Lewis Co., July 25, 1819, a daughter of Titus Markham. Mr. and Mrs. Bagg have had three children, Sina A., wife of Garrett Baker of Boonville ; Lucian, who married Genevieve Miller of Michi gan, and T. Jefferson, who resides in Syracuse and is employed in the Yates Hotel. Berry, Matthias, Pompey, was a native of Berlin, Rensselaer Co., was born in 1815, a son of Clark and Sarah (Whitney) Berry, he a native of Rensselaer Co. and she of Hancock, Mass. The grandparents were Elisha and Phoebe (Clark) Berry, who settled in Rensselaer Co. before the Revolution. Clark Berry came to Pompey in 1816 and took an active part in town affairs, being deputy sheriff in Rensselaer Co. , and taking a prominent part in the affairs of Pompey. He died in 1844 and his wife in 1852. Matthias was educated in the public schools, and has devoted his attention chiefly to farming and carpentry. In 1836 he bought his present place of fifty acres, where he has since lived, and has added to it until he owns 180 acres, making a specialty of sheep and dairy farming. In 1836 he married Sylvia Osborn, daughter of Josiah and Mehetable (Judd) Osborn, and they have had eight children: Cornelia, who died aged 20; John C, a farmer of Pompey; Morris O., also a farmer of Pompey ; Frank of Manlius ; Fannie, wife of John Hughes of La Fayette, a farmer and cheesemaker ; Emma, wife of Grant Andrews, a farmer of Fabius ; Adelbert, a lawyer in Hammondsport, Neb. , and Fred, a farmer and machinist, of Manlius. Mrs. Berry died in May, 1891. Mr. Berry was major of the 98th N. Y. State Militia, and trustee of Pompey Academy. Crossley, Jesse, Pompey, was born in Kings Co. , near Toronto, Canada, Oct. 28, 1843, a son of John and Elizabeth (Cloak) Crossley, he a native of Philadelphia, Pa., born in 1798, and she born at Pekin, N. Y. , in 1813. The maternal grandparents of our subject were born in Germany, and the paternal grandparents, Samuel and Polley Crossley, were born in Pennsylvania, and were Quakers. Samuel came to this State when young and settled near Lockport. John Crossley was a cooper by trade, and after his marriage went to Canada, where he engaged in farming, but spent his last days in this State. Our subject was educated in the schools of Canada, and came to New York State at the age of twenty-seven. He was for twenty years in the lumber business in Oswego Co., then learned the painter's trade, which he followed eight years in Syracuse, and which he still continues, though in connection with farming. In 1894 he came to Pompey, and has a place of fifty-two acres. In FAMILY SKETCHES. 225 1866 he married Sarah M. , daughter of Francis and Sally (Cooper) McLean of Wash ington Co., N. Y. Her father was born in 1797 and died in 1877, and her mother was born in 1798 and died in 1884. Mr. and Mrs. Crossley have had seven children: William F., born in 1867, died in 1888; James S., born in 1869, a machinist of Syra cuse, married Grace Bristol and has one son, Royal; George D., born in 1871, a painter at Syracuse ; Henry E. , born in 1874, a teacher in Oswego Co. ; Warren I. , born in 1876, in the farming business at High Ridge ; Andrew A. , born in 1878, and Morris R., born in 1881. Dibble, Dr. O. G. , Pompey, was born in Cortland, Oct. 28, 1840, the fourth of six children born to Horace and Emeline (Scranton) Dibble, who came to Cortland Co. in 1830. He died in 1890 at the age of 88 years, and his wife died in 1894 at the age of 87. Dr. Dibble obtained his preliminary education in the public schools and Cortland Academy. After the age of ten until he finished his academic course he paid his own tuition and bought all his school and other books' with money earned by himself in various ways. He then entered Yale college, from whence he gradu ated in 1864. He came to Pompey in September of that year, and was principal of the Pompey Academy three years, in this way paying his college indebtedness. In 1868 he entered the medical department of the University of the City of New York, graduating in 1869. After this he went to McGrawville, where he practiced a short time, then came to Pompey in January, 1870, where he has since had a suc cessful practice. He has taken an active interest in local matters, and has served as town clerk two years. In 1875 he married Frances A., daughter of O. Jarvis Whea ton, one of the early settlers of this town. Dr. Dibble received the degree of M. A. in 1867 from Y'ale. Fenner, James R., Pompey, was born in Lysander, Aug. 12, 1836, a son of Fred erick W. , a native of Pompey, born in 1813, and his wife, Eleanor Schenck of Lysan der, born in 1815. The grandfather was James L. , a millwright, of Rhode Island, born in 1777, whose wife, Betsey Perry, was born in Dighton, Mass., in 1780. James L. came to Manlius in 1801 and assisted in building the first mill there. He came to i Pompey in 1804, removed to Lysander in 1818, where he owned a large tract of land. He was a volunteer in the war of 1812. He died in 1851 and his wife in 1849. They were the parents of nine children, many of whom attained prominence in their local ities. The father of James R. was the first town school superintendent of Lysander, and he taught school for a number of years. He died in 1876, and his widow is now living in Salina. Our subject was educated in Cazenovia Seminary and Falley Semi nary, and at the age of nineteen began teaching, which occupation he followed for many years. He has been principal of the Camillus School, Oswego Falls School, New Woodstock Academy, and has taught in Liverpool and in the Delphi School. He was school commissioner of the first district of Onondaga Co. In 1866 he came to Delphi and engaged in mercantile pursuits, buying an interest in the store of Bates & Blowers, with whom he remained until 1870, when he purchased the stock and later the store, taking up his residence in Delphi, where he has had a very success ful business. Mr. Fenner has served as postmaster for eighteen years. In 1859 he married Ellen A. Savage of Cazenovia, and has two children, James E. and Florence E. The former, born June 4, 1862, was educated at Pompey Academy and Munro Col legiate Institute ; excelled in mathematics ; by profession a surveyor. He married 226 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Lucia A. Pinckney and has had three children : Fred M. , Harry and Frank (de ceased). Florence E. is in Cazenovia Seminary, and was born Feb. 18, 1877. Humphrey, George Wilmot, Pompey, seventh generation of the principal Hum phrey family in America, was born April 13, 1817, in Washington Co., N. Y., son of Harry and Hannah (Hammond) Humphrey, who moved to Pompey in 1819. He died in 1852; his wife in 1848. His father was born in New Hartford, Conn., 1780, and was the son of Capt. Elijah Humphrey, who sailed from New London and was lost, in a third shipwreck, in 1788, on a voyage to the West Indies. He was the son of Capt. Ezekial Humphrey, son of Ensign Samuel, son of Lieutenant Samuel, son of Michael Humphrey, the emigrant ancestor of our branch of the Humphrey family in America, who settled at Winsor, Conn., in 1643, and married Oct. 14, 1647, Pris cilla, daughter of Matthew Grant, who was the emigrant ancestor of Gen. U. S. Grant. George Wilmot Humphrey was reared on a farm, taught school for a time and then engaged with J. Monroe Taylor, selling goods in a country store in Delphi, the third year having entire charge of the store. After this was contractor on the enlargement of the Oswego Canal ; he then again engaged with J. Monroe Taylor, with whom he has been associated in business nearly fifty years. During this period he designed and superintended the building of five different factories for the manu facture of Bicarb. Soda, Gold Medal Saleratus, Cream Yeast Baking Powder, and other chemicals. He is the inventor of special valuable processes in the manufac ture of these goods. As a mark of esteem and appreciation J. Monroe Taylor left him a legacy of 81,000. ,He has never drank a glass of spirituous liquor, smoked a pipe or chewed tobacco, and is now a man in his seventy-ninth year. He was mar ried Nov. 10, 1847, to Miss Sylvia P. Pease, daughter of William and Obedience (Stone) Pease, who were among the oldest and most respectable inhabitants of Pom pey Hollow. They had four children, one of whom (Walter H. , aged five,) died. The three living ones are: George Clarence, who married Emma Losey, resides in Syra cuse and has two children, George Archibald and Bessie; Florence V. married Leverriere O. Bush, resides in Syracuse and has one child, Humphrey Leverriere ; Y^alencia O. married James K. Moore, who is salesman for Rogers, Peet & Co., in the largest clothing house in New York, and has one child, James Humphrey. In politics Mr.. Humphrey is a staunch Republican, was a Whig delegate from Phoenix, . Oswego Co. , to the State Convention at Syracuse in 1856, which changed the name Whig to that of Republican. He is a strong protectionist for all American products and manufactures, and strongly opposed to the free coinage of silver, as the greatest curse that could befall this country, and holds our country guilty of a great crime as a counterfeiter in stamping 412 grains of silver one dollar, when only worth $0.46, and compelling the people to take such silver is certainly a great fraud on the people of the United States, and for which he fears condign punishment awaits our beloved country. Hayes, Ephraim D., was born in Delphi, May 11, 1830, a son of Homer andZilpha Hayes, mentioned elsewhere in this work. Our subject was reared in Delphi, edu cated in the common schools and engaged in farming until eighteen years of age, when he learned the harness business, and was located at Pompey Hill fifteen years, then went to Cazenovia and engaged in farming two years, when he came to Delphi, and in 1871 went on a farm for seven years, and then took up house painting, paper FAMILY SKETCHES. 227 decorating, etc. He has taken an active part in local affairs, having served as town collector, constable, etc. Sept. 1, 1864, he enlisted in Co. G, 2d N. Y. Light Cavalry, but spent most of the time in hospital caring for the sick. In 1850 he married Calista C. Huddleston, a native of Lincklaen, born Oct. 6, 1831. She was a daughter of Jonathan and Polly (Ackley) Huddleston of that town. Mr. and Mrs. Hayes have had these children: Emma J., wife of John D. Ackley of Rosburg, N. Y., who have three children ; Charles, who married Emma Sergeant, and second Victoria Haswell ; Cora, who died in infancy. Mr. Hayes has been an Odd Fellow since 1853, and dis trict deputy grand master of Onondaga district, and a member of the Grange. Hurd, Charles, Pompey, was born in Dutchess Co. , Nov. 10, 1830, and died in Syra cuse in 1873. He was a son of Curtis and Sarah (Burt) Hurd, both of Fayetteville, and early settlers of Dutchess Co. , from whence they came to Fayetteville, where they died. Mr. Hurd was a physician, and four of his sons chose that profession also. Charles was educated at Fayetteville and Homer Academy, and was in the county clerk's office sixteen years; and was appointed clerk of court, after which he was elected county clerk. Soon after this he died. In 1861 he married Charlotte L. , daughter of David and Polly (Hopkins) Bliss. Her grandparents, Allen and Sarah Bliss, came from Massachusetts and early settled in Cortland Co. Mrs. Hurd spent her young days on the farm and attended the school at Pompey Hill, also the Caze novia Academy. She taught school seven years in Pompey and twenty-six years in Syracuse, and was eminently successful in her work. She gave up teaching on ac count of ill-health and now resides in Pompey. Mr. Hurd was a member of the Masonic fraternity. Jones, Zenus A., Pompey, was born in Fenner, Nov. 23, 1809, a son of Rev. Zenus and Electa (Bliss) Jones, who came from New England to Pompey in an early day, and the former was the pioneer minister of the town. Zenus A. was reared on the farm, educated in the common schools and served in many important town offices. He was justice of the peace nearly thirty years, loan commissioner, etc. He married first Betsey A. Safford, by whom he had four children. She died in 1843, and in 1844 he married Harriet E., daughter of Eleazer and Hannah (Goodrich) Rice of Pompey Hollow. She was born in 1823. Mr. and Mrs. Jones had two children: Helen A., born April 11, 1845, who married E. K. Bicknell, and has two daughters, Nellie and Beatrice ; and Riley, born June 15, 1848. Mrs. Jones was reared in Pompey, which has always been her home. She was educated in the public schools and Fayetteville Academy. In 1878, soon after the death of her husband, Mrs. Jones began writing hymns, many of them being published in the papers, and still later composed with the view of having them set to music. Her hymns are now used in the leading hymn books throughout the United States. Mrs. Jones is a strong prohibitionist and tem perance worker. Loomis, I. N. , Pompey, was born in Pompey in 1818, a son of Isaac N. and Abi gail (Close) Loomis, the farmer a native of Bridgewater, born in 1795, and the latter born in Pompey in 1799. The grandfather, Joseph Loomis, was born in Connecticut in 1771, and died in Bridgewater in 1841. His wife was Lucy Root, of Coventry, Conn., who died in 1826. In 1815 the father of our subject came to Manlius, and in 1817 his marriage occurred, they coming to the farm now owned by I. N. Loomis. He died May 7, 1881, and his wife Jan. 29, 1881. Our subject was educated in Man- 228 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. lius Academy, and at the age of twenty-one entered Colgate University, from which he graduated in 1845, and spent one year as a resident graduate, at the same time having charge of the music of the university. He next taught in an academy in Tennessee, and later was professor of Greek in the university of Lewisburg, Pa,, where he took the first class through Greek that graduated there. He also taught in the Academy at Lock Haven, Pa. , and the high school at Harrisburg, and in 1860 returned to the homestead of 100 acres, where he now resides. He also taught in the Manlius Academy four years, and has taught music continually. In 1850 he mar ried Agnes Heron of Pottsville, Pa., a daughter of David and Janette (McGee) Heron of Scotland, who came to this country and settled in Iowa. Mr. and Mrs. Loomis have had four children: H. Taylor, born in 1851, who is practicing law in Cincinnati; Jennie, who died aged 2 years; Yettie R., born in 1854, widow of Rev. C. E. Harris of California; Mary, born March 3, 1861, wife of Frank H. Broadfield, whose parents were William H. and Mary (Jewett) Broadfield, he born in Connecti cut, and she born in Fenner, N. Y. Lowrie, John B., Pompey, was born in Cornwall, Litchfield Co., Conn., in 1794, the only son of six children of Shubael and Rachael (Bradford) Lowrie of that State. He married in 1815 Lovisa Deming, who was born in 1796, and by whom he had eleven children: Lurinda, widow of David Smith; John C, who married Martha Miller; Mary A., who died in 1846; Byron J., who married second Olivia Smith; Shubael, who married Jane L. Hewitt; Ellen R., who lives on the old homestead; Julia M., who died aged 8; George H., why married Susan White; Edward, who married Almira Helmer; Clarinda, who lives at home, and Emma J., also on the old homestead. John B. came to Pompey in 1836 and bought the Elder Baker farm, where he died Nov. 26, 1877, and his wife July 6, 1880. Byron J. , who resides on the old place, enlisted in 1861 in Co. B, 1st N. Y. Mounted Riflemen, and was later appointed regimental saddler sergeant, and served four years, participating in the battles of the Wilderness, Siege of Suffolk, Petersburg, Richmond, Weldon Rail road, etc. The grandfather of our subject was Shubael Lowrie, whose father came with three brothers to this country in an early day. They were of Scotch-Irish descent. Lewis, Benjamin V., Pompey, was born in Pompey, May 7, 1846, a son of Morgan M. and jane (Van Wert) Lewis, the former born in Pompey in 1816, and the latter in Saratoga Co. in 1825. The grandfather, Benjamin D. , was born in Connecticut in 1781, and married Polly Miller, born in 1790. He was a soldier ill the war of 1812, where he served as fife major. He died July 5, 1847, and his wife Dec 4, 1878. Mor gan M. was reared in Pompey, and became a large dealer in cattle and sheep. He has taken a prominent part in local politics, having served as assessor, justice of the peace, etc. He died Dec. 12, 1894, and Mrs. Lewis died May 13, 1888. Benjamin V. was educated in the Cazenovia Seminary, and followed teaching for a short time, but farming has been his chief occupation, and he owns a fine little place of fifty- four acres. In 1875 he married Adelle F. Taylor, who was born in Otselic, Che nango Co. , a daughter of Isaac and Betsey M. (Bowen) Taylor, he a native of Ed- monston, Otsego Co. , and she of Pennsylvania. She died in Pompey in 1887, and he resides in Pompey at the age of eighty years. Benjamin V. and wife have had two children, a son, George Morgan, born March 14, 1876, now a student in Cazenovia FAMILY SKETCHES. 229 Seminary, and a daughter, Jennie A., born May 9, 1877; died Feb. 27, 1879. The great-grandfather, Thomas W. Lewis was born in Connecticut in 1747, and married Hannah Johnson, born in 1746. He followed teaching for a short time, but came to Pompey, where he took up a tract of land consisting of about 300 acres, a portion of which remains in the family at the present time. He died, in Pompey in 1831. His wife died in 1830. Leet, Charles, Pompey, was born in Orange Co., Vt., Sept. 4, 1843, and traces his ancestry to William Leet of England, whose father was one of the justices of the King's Bench. William came to Connecticut in 1639, and was prominent politically in colonial times for a period of forty years. He was the first governor of Connecti cut (1661-64), and was again elected (1676-83), dying in the latter year. He was bred to the law and served as clerk in the Bishop's court in Cambridge, England. Benja min, grandfather of our subject, was born in Vermont, but spent his life as a lum berman in Connecticut, where he was an extensive dealer. Charles is the oldest son of nine children of Charles, a native of Orange Co., Vt. , born in 1811, and Sarah Jackman, a native of New Hampshire, born in 1817. Charles, sr., was a drover, and spent most of his life in Vermont, but died in Lisbon, N. H., in 1877, and his wife in Vermont in 1866. Charles, jr. , was reared on the farm and educated in Vermont. In 1863 he enlisted in Co. D, 1st Vermont Cavalry, and served till June 1, 1865, when he was thrown from his horse, and has since been unable to do manual labor. Re turning to Vermont he sold out his property and went to Illinois, returning to Y'er- mont after a year, during which he was engaged in the milk business. He engaged in lumbering, and then went to Warren, N. H., where he was in the meat business. He next went to'Dakota, to Duluth, and in 1884 came to Syracuse, and engaged in the barber business six years, also having charge of a shop at Thousand Island Park four seasons, when he went to southern California, and took up the same business. Mr. Leet owns property in East Syracuse and in Delphi. He was delegate to the County Convention in 1893, to the Congressional Convention in 1894, district collec tor in 1893 and a member of the Board of Inspectors in 1894. While in the army he was assistant quartermaster four months in Baltimore, and at Alexandria, Va., six months. He is an Odd Fellow, K. of P. and a member of the G. A. R. He was delegate to the State encampment of the G. A. R. in 1884; an honorable member and past commander of Brighton Lodge, S. F. I. , Syracuse ; was representative of Pleasant Valley Lodge, I. O. O. F., of Delphi to the Odd Fellows Home Association of Central New York. He is also a Mason. In 1888 he married Florence L., daugh ter of Joel C. and Almeada S. Rogers of Delphi, and a descendant of Rev. John Rogers, a martyr, who was burned at the stake in 1555 by order of the Popish queen, in the presence of his wife and nine children. A cousin of our subject, Col. George K. Leet, was private secretary on General Grant's staff, and another cousin, Dr. James M. Leet, received his degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1861, and was commissioned successively assistant surgeon, surgeon and medical director in the army. He was made lieutenant colonel for gallant services during the battle of Shenandoah Valley, and is now practicing in St. Louis. Many other relatives of our subject have achieved distinction in the army. Newman, Carleton B., Pompey, was born in Pompey, Dec. 22, 1843, the youngest of eight children of Orace and Lovina (Wilson) Newman, he born in Pompey in 230 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1800, and his wife of Colerain, Mass., born in 1801. The grandparents were Amos and Elizabeth (Jones) Newman, who came from Vermont to this town, where they settled in an early day. The father of Carleton B. died March 21, 1891, and his mother May 19, 1885. Carleton was educated in the public schools and Cazenovia Seminary, and has followed farming. He "owns a place of 110 acres, devoted to gen- enral farming and dairying, according to the most approved methods. In 1867 he married Emma C. , daughter of Hiram S. and Lucinda (Waters) Denison of Fabius, her maternal grandfather having been a pioneer of that town, and also a soldier in the war of 1812. Mr. and Mrs. Newman have had two children, Cora A. , born Feb. 5, 1868, wife of Samuel R. Gallinger, and Ralph D., born Sept. 18, 1875, who resides at home. Pease, William B. , Pompey, was born at Lenox, Madison Co. , Aug. 7, 1842. He is a son of Alexander and Polly (Snell) Pease, who came from Herkimer Co. to Madi son in an' early day. The grandfather was William Pease, who died in Madison Co. He was a soldier of the war of 1812. Our subject was reared on a farm, educated in the public schools, and has followed farming, owning a fine place of seventy-five acres on which he settled in 1890. He spent nine years in Cortland Co. and seven years in Onondaga Co. In 1862 he enlisted in Co. G, 157th N. Y. Vols. , and participated in three battles, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. At the latter battle he was wounded in the lung and leg, taken prisoner and after seven days re captured. In 1862 he married Charlotte A. Conrad of Madison Co., a daughter of Peter and Fanny (Scott) Conrad, natives of Connecticut, and early settlers of Madi son Co., where Mrs. Conrad died. Mr. Conrad died at Fairfax, Va., in Dec, 1862, during the late war. He was a member of Co. I, 157th N. Y'. Vols., serving four months. Mr. Pease and wife had six children: Fred F., born March 27, 1867; Nellie B., born April 23, 1870, wife of Fred M. Andrews of this town; Rosella, born July 11, 1874, wife of Geo. F. Chase; Florence M. (deceased), and Florence A., born March 23, 1884. Palmer, Edwin, Pompey, was born in Stephentown in 1829, the eleventh of nine teen children of Shubal and Rhoda (Hinckley) Palmer, who came to this town in 1837 and spent their days. Edwin was educated in the common schools, was a blacksmith by trade, but had followed farming chiefly, coming to the farm now owned by Mr. Palmer in 1869, where he died in 1881. He married Sarah J., daughter of Homer Hayes, and they have had four children : Oscar, who married Georgia Lemm, and has three children, Frank, Elmer and Dena; Edgar, who married Lillian Lemm, and has one child, Albert; Dewitt, who married Mary Miller; Mary, wife of Willis Richer, telegraph operator at Fulton. They have one child, Hugh Spaulding. Potter, J. Densmore, M.D., Pompey, was born in Taylor, Cortland Co., Jan. 14, 1884, a son of Paris and Nancy (Jones) Potter, he born in Rhode Island in 1796 and she in Otsego Co. in 1801. The grandfather was Pardon Potter, also of Rhode Isl and, who died in Cortland Co., aged 87. His wife was Rhoda Carver, who died in Otsego Co. where they lived for a time. The father of our subject was an active politician, and known as "Odd Hickory.' He was a mason by trade, and also a local preacher, and his death occurred Feb. 23, 1876, and that of his wife in 1864. J. D. Potter was reared on the farm, educated in the district school and select school at Union Valley, and also at De Ruyter Academy, from which he graduated in 1861. FAMILY SKETCHES. 231 He then taught school twelve years, one year in Illinois, after which he studied medicine with Dr. S. S. Clark of De Ruyter, and graduated at the Buffalo Medical College in 1866. In Aug., 1862, he enlisted in Co. C, 157th N. Y. Vols., and served till Jan., 1863, being commissioned second lieutenant. Dr. Potter began the practice of medicine at De Ruyter, but soon came to Delphi, where he has since had a very successful practice. He is an Odd Fellow, a member of the State Medical Society, of the Central Medical Society, and of Onondaga County Medical Society, of which he was president in 1881. In 1893 he was made pension examining surgeon of Syr acuse. In 1866 he married Hattie E. Thompson of Delphi, Onondaga Co., and they have had four children: Densmore E., who married Alice House in 1889; Bates D., who died aged eight years; Fred W., who died in infancy; and H. Lillian, born in 1880. She is now studying music in Syracuse. Pease, William, Pompey, one of the earliest settlers of Onondaga Co. Born in Canaan, Columbia Co., N. Y., Oct. 29, 1752. Removed to Pompey Hollow, then an unbroken forest, in 1793. He purchased land? cleared away timber, built house and barn. Sebsequently removed to Illinois where he died in 1823. His wife's maiden name was Rhoda Tolls; born also in Columbia Co. His son, William Pease, jr., also born in Canaan, Columbia Co., March 4, 1781, at the age of twelve removed with his father to Pompey Hollow, 1793. At that early day there were no roads or bridges in Central N. Y. Settlers from the East were obliged to follow marked trees and the Indian trail as a guide to their destination. On reaching the location where the city of Syracuse now stands, then nearly an uninhabited wild and cattail swamp, here they obtained refreshments at the Indian Inn of the " Pine Tree." and then concluded their journey to Pompey Hollow. William remained with his father until the age of 21, assisting him in clearing up and improving his land. He then purchased and cleared the land now owned by Isaac Bumpus in Pompey Hollow. At the age of 27 he married Obedience Stone, a lady of culture and refinement, born in Columbia Co., Sept. 10, 1787. He built the house 70 years ago where Isaac Bum- pus now resides, which for those days was quite a stately residence. To them were born 8 children: Amanda M., born Oct. 6, 1810, married John M. Beach, Jan. 19, 1830; William G., Sept. 8, 1811, married Electa Coburn, Nov. 15, 1832; Emily M., April 21, 1814, married Wm. Munson; Mahala E., June 22, 1816, married Joseph Hanchett, March 16, 1836; Lucia A., July 6, 1818, married Sanford C. Lewis; Marcia C, Dec. 20, 1820; Juliaette, May 30, 1823; Sylvia P., Dec. 11, 1825, married Geo. Wilmot Humphrey, Nov. 10, 1847. Marcia and Juliette Pease, unmarried, live to gether in Delphi in their own comfortable home where they have resided the past twenty-five years, dispensing charities in a generous manner, respected by all who know them. William Pease, jr., who died Sept. 20, 1868, was a man of sterling in tegrity, industry, truth, honesty, and justice were his prevailing characteristics, their fruitage contentment and prosperity. In his son William G. Pease was found friendship without pretense, charity without ostentation, patriotism with no hope of reward, and in addition all the true and noble traits that stamp man the crown and glory of creation ; the poor, the sick, and the afflicted ever found in him a helping hand, and want never went empty from his door. Reynolds, Niles, Pompey, was born in Chenango Co., April 22, 1843, a son of Ira and Hannah R. (Money) Reynolds, the former born in Rensselaer Co. in 1808, and 232 ' ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. the latter in Rhode in 1804. The grandfather was Carey Y. Reynolds, who married Catherine Richer, also of that State. They came to Chenango Co. in 1810 and there died. The mother of our subject died August 28, 1882, and the father now resides with his son. Niles engaged in farming until nineteen, when he learned the coop er's trade, and later worked at carpentry. In 1873 he came to Delphi, and in 1882 engaged in the undertaking business. In 1873 he married Margaret A. , daughter of Joel and Nancy M. Richmond, and they have had three children : Ella M. , born Oct. 26,1876, wife of Frank Ferdinand of Canastota; Elmer B., born in 1881, who died in 1884; Hoyt I., born Aug. 28, 1883. Aug. 11, 1862, Mr. Reynolds enlisted in Co. I, 114th N. Y. Vols., and served till the close of the war, participating in the battles of Bisland, Cane River, Port Hudson, Pleasant Hill, Sabine Cross Roads, Winchester, and Cedar Creek, losing his leg at the latter battle, Oct. 19, 1864, and remaining in hospital until June 12, 1865. Sutherland, Bert W., Pompey, was born in Pompey, July 23, 1863, a son of W. E. and Celia (Wilcox) Sutherland. He was educated in the common schools and St. John's Military School, and has followed farming. Although young in years he now owns and operates 319 acres of land and is considered one of the progressive farmers of the county. He has taken a lively interest in the affairs of the town, and was delegate to the Republican State Convention in 1894. He belongs to the Military Lodge No. 93, F. & A. M., and Manlius Chapter No. 72, R. A. M. and also to the Grange. In 1891 he married Anna Lora, daughter of George and Minnie Hopkins, . of Pompey. Mrs. Hopkins was a daughter of Col. Ralph Reed, who bought and settled where our subject now lives. Mr. Sutherland and wife are active members of the M. E. church, and are prominent in Sunday school work, and the former has been an officer of the town Sunday School Association since its organization. He is also a frequent contributor to the agricultural journals of the State and aids the local press by frequent contributions. Wallace E. was born in Pompey in 1832, a son of Hiram and Laurie (Woodworth) Sutherland; he born in Manchester in 1798 and she born in Pompey in 1803. The grandfather of Wallace was Reuben, born in 1773, who came to Pompey about 1800, and settled on the farm where his daughter, Min nie Robinson now resides. His wife was Sally Jones of Manchester, Vt. , born in 1779. The father of Wallace was a boy when he came to Pompey; he returned to Vermont and lived with his grandparents until he was thirteen, then returned to Pompey, where he died Jan. 3, 1889, and his wife resides with her son Wallace at the age of 91. Stocking, Isaac C. , Pompey, wasborn in Camillus, Nov. 30, 1836, only son of Jirah and Jurusha (Chauncey) Stocking, he of Connecticut and she of this county. The grandfather was Benjamin Stocking, who came from Connecticut, and settled in Fabius, where he died. He was a preacher in the Methodist church, and a ship builder by trade. Jirah Stocking was a farmer, and a prominent man in town affairs. He died in 1877 aged 77, and his wife in 1886 aged 87. I. C. Stocking was reared on the farm and educated in the common schools, Syracuse Institute, and Syracuse High School. He has always followed farming and now owns the old Chauncey homestead of 140 acres. In 1873 he married Emma Schuyler, a daughter of John and Julia (Belding) Schuyler of Charlestown, Montgomery Co., and of their four children three died in infancy, the oldest, Gerald, living to be twenty, when he died very sud- FAMILY SKETCHES. 233 denly at school, Feb. 17, 1894. He was a fine student, and loved by all who knew hirh, and was educating himself for scientific farming when he met his death. Thompson, E. V., Pompey, was born in Cortland Co., Jan. 6, 1846, a son of Murphy and Joanna (Tracy) Thompson, he a native of Cortland, born in 1809, and she of Delphi, born in 1813. The grandfather, Luther Thompson, early settled in Cortland Co. and there lived and died. The father of our subject came to Delphi when a young man, and later went to Cortland Co. , where he owned a farm and a sawmill. He died in Cayuga Co. in 1855, and his wife died at Delphi in 1884. E. V. Thomp son was reared on the farm in Cayuga Co., and came to Delphi in 1858 and learned the cooper's trade. He was a soldier in the war of 1861. In 1879 he moved to Cort land, but returned to Delphi in 1881, where he has since resided. In 1893 he en gaged in the grocery business which he now continues. In 1863 he married Matilda Lansing, a daughter of Lyman W. and Cornelia (Webster) Lansing, of Cazenovia, and they have one son, Homer E., who was educated in the Cortland Normal School and clerks for his father. He married Nellie L. Howe, and has two sons, Clifton A., born June 21, 1886, and Lewis E., born June 15, 1890. Woodford, Israel L. , Pompey, was born in Pompey, April 28, 1816, the youngest of six sons and four daughters of Israel and Lowley Woodford, natives of Connecti cut, where the grandfather of our subject settled at the age of sixteen, coming from England. Israel Woodford, sr. , came from" Connecticut to Saratoga Co. , where he remained a year, then removed to Pompey, where he died at the age of 83. He was one of the founders of the church at Pompey Hill, and was for forty years a deacon. Our subject began work as a farmer at the age of sixteen, and when twenty-five bought the homestead farm, where he has always resided. In 1842 he married Pamelia, daughter of Abraham and Pamelia Northrup, early settlers of Pompey. Mr. and Mrs. Woodford have had two sons and a daughter: Lucian, a farmer on the homestead, who married Cornelia Birdseye; Florence, wife of Lucian Case, who is in the employ of G. Thalheimer, of Syracuse; and Clinton N., who died at twenty years of age. The family are members of the Congregational church. Carpenter, Major, Pompey, was born in West Monroe, Oswego Co., N. Y., Dec. 7, 1822, a son of Nathaniel and Lucy (Gage) Carpenter, who with five other brothers, settled in Cazenovia, Madison Co., in 1803. He passed to spirit life in 1863, aged 86 years, his wife passed to spirit life in 1860, aged 72 years. The grandparents were Ezekiel and Anna Carpenter of Connecticut. Ezekiel was one of the first to resist the collection of church tax, it was connected with the State tax, at that time, thus beginning the separation of church and state, for it was decided in his favor. The grandparents on the mother's side were Elisha and Olive (Underwood) Gage. His great-grandmother Underwood died on the 4th of July, 1776. She had ten children, all of whom had large families; her blood descendants number about 8,000 at this date. The subject of this sketch came with his parents to Pompey, N. Y., in 1826; by occupation he is a farmer and builder, has built six houses to lease, in the last twenty-four years, in Cazenovia. In 1844 he married Abigail Babcock, daughter of John W. and Amanda (Canfield) Babcock ; he passed to spirit life in 1875, aged 75 years, she passed to spirit life in 1872, aged 88 years. Mr. and Mrs. Carpenter cele brated their golden wedding on Aug. 18, 1894. They have had seven children, three dd 234 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. of which have passed from the mortal, the other four are as follows: Jerome H., born May 28, 1848, he married Deetta Brown. They have three children: Ernest, Ella and Major B. ; Gilbert, born Aug. 20, 1852 ; he married Josephine Lytle, they have one child, Jessie May; Fannie, born on Oct. 21, 1858. She married Frank B. Taylor, a carriage painter, they have two children, Eva and Bayard; Austin B., born July 81, 1861. He married Anna Fitzgerald, they have two children, Jennie and Blanche. He has been deputy sheriff in Madison Co. for ten years. Mr. and Mrs. Carpenter have been life-long workers for temperance, having never used liquor or tobacco in any form. He was formerly a Republican, is now a Prohibitionist, is in favor of Woman's Rights, or equal rights for all ; is opposed to murder for murder, or capital punishment. He was a Universalist formerly but now believes in spirit communion as a demonstrated fact. Is a worker for all reforms, by the great principle of evolution. Progress by a survival of the fittest. Congdon, Charles A., Salina, was born in 1847, at Syracuse; is a son of the late Albert B. Congdon, of Connecticut, and is the only surviving member of a family of seven children. His father came to Onondaga Hill with his parents when but one year old, and at the age of seventeen settled in Syracuse. He was an architect and builder. He built the old Reform church, Hon. Thomas G. Alvord's house, Major Burnet's house, and many other well known buildings of Syracuse. He died in 1880. Mr. Congdon married Lillie D. Huntley in 1875, by whom he has four children, Helen L., Alfiert B. , Lillie H., and Eunice B. He has a farm of 100 acres (on which he has resided since he was six years old) and follows dairying and gardening. He was elected supervisor of the town of Salina in 1892. Hopkins, Samuel L. , Salina, was born in Onondaga Co. in 1825, son of Luther and Alma (Cooley) Hopkins, natives of Washington Co., N. Y., and West Springfield, Mass. , who located at Camillus about 1822. The father was for eight years keeper of the Onondaga Co. Poorhouse. He came to Salina in 1847, and died in 1849, the mother in Onondaga in 1832. Samuel L. taught school for many years in different parts of the county, and at the death of his father took charge of the home farm, where he has since lived. He was for many years a justice of the peace, and has filled various town offices. He is unmarried. ' Hinsdell, Perry H., Salina, one of Salina's most practical, progressive and success ful farmers, was born in Pompey in 1820, son of Moses and Rachael (Hibbard) Hins dell, natives of Connecticut, who died in Pompey. The father died in 1857 at the age of 79 and the mother in 1841 at the age of 57. Mr. Hinsdell, after attaining his majority, spent one year in Michigan, then returned easf and spent a season codfishing on the Greenland Banks. In 1847 he married Sarah Adams, and has since devoted his time to agricultural pursuits. His first wife died in 1877, leav ing five children, two surviving, Cora E. and Samuel W. Me afterwards married Mrs. Ellen S. Fenner. Politically he was a Republican, until in 1876 he became convinced that the principles of the party were not what they should be, and since he has worked faithfully for the promulgation of the principles of the Prohibition party, feeling sure that what our great country needs is the votes of honest men to save the youth of our land by giving a death blow to the rum traffic. He hopes the day is not far distant when every saloon door will bear the notice "Out of business," FAMILY SKETCHES. 235 and will then feel he has not lived in vain, hoping his action in life may have had some influence in bringing about such a reformation. Michael, Nicholas C. , Salina, was born in Madison Co. in 1859, son of Peter and Jane (Godfrey) Michael, natives of Germany and Loraine, who resided in Syracuse. Mr. Michael was raised on a farm and has been in the dairy business since 1881, keeping fifty cows. In 1881 he married Lena Spohr of Salina. He has recently been elected justice of the peace. Overacre, Daniel R., Salina, was born in the town of Clay in 1849, son of Solomon and Lydia (Johnson) Overacre, natives of Herkimer Co. The parents came to Clay in 1849, and died in 1872 and 1881, aged 49 and 63. Mr. Overacre was raised on a farm, and since 1866 has resided on his present farm of one hundred and thirty-five acres. In 1877 he married Sarah E. McNeil of Cicero. He was town assessor in Salina for five years. Phillips, John, Salina, was born in Onondaga Valley in 1842, son of John and Emeline Phillips, who came from England and settled in Syracuse. Mr. Phillips has a farm of seventy-five acres on the Brewerton road near the city limits, and follows general farming, making hay a specialty. He has a sister, Fanny, now the wife of Jeremiah Quackenbush, and a brother, James W. Ross, Benjamin C, Salina, was born in Vermont in 1822, son of Seth and Hannah (Chapman) Ross, who lived and died in Vermont. In 1845 Mr. Ross came to Syra cuse. He was engaged in the manufacture" of belting, etc. , in Rochester from 1847 to 1851, then returned to Syracuse and engaged in the drug and medicine and iron business several years, since which time he has been interested in agricultural pur suits and real estate. In 1850 he married Mary M. Gumaer, by whom he has two children : Elias B. and Benjamin M. He now lives on the premises he purchased soon after he came to Syracuse. Austin, Henry, Skaneateles, son of Jacob Austin, was born in Sheffield, Mass., Dec 26, 1770, was married Nov. 10, 1791, to Prudence Ensign. He died Aug. 24, 1829. At Owasco, N. Y., in 1895, was celebrated the 100th anniversary of the arrival of Henry Austin from Sheffield, Mass. , the family being among the oldest and much respected settlers in Owasco. Ebenezer Ensign Austin, son of Henry Austin, was born in Owasco, May 2, 1796, and married Sarah Harvey, March 20, 1821. He died May 24, 1867. They first settled on a farm one mile west of Skaneateles vil lage, which was the family homestead and is still retained in the family. Here were born Sarah Ann Austin, Jan. 14, 1823 ; Harriet Austin, April 14, 1826 ; George Aus tin, Jan. 5, 1828; Caroline Austin, April 11, 1824; Mary Austin, Dec. 14, 1830; Cor nelia Austin, Oct. 14, 1833; Franklin Ensign Austin, Aug. 5, 1836. In the year 1838 E. E. Austin purchased in the village of Skaneateles, Onondaga Co. , the Aaron Aus tin farm and home now owned and occupied by Franklin Ensign Austin, where he has always lived and worked the farm. F. E. Austin married Lovisa P., daughter of John and Amy (Brown) Rice of Elbridge. John Rice was a farmer and was born in Cheshire, Mass., Jan. 8, 1799, and died June 20, 1875. Mr. Austin has one son, Clarence M. Austin of Seattle, Washington. He was born Nov. 17, 1861. He grad uated from Amherst, Mass., then went into the loan and investment business at Seattle. 236 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Austin, Orland J., Skaneateles, was born in Skaneateles in 1852, son of Joab Aus^" tin, of Niles, Cayuga Co. Mr. Austin has always followed farming, and his farm is one of the finest in the township, and his residence is a very notable one, being one of the handsomest in the town. He married Delia A., daughter of Selah Thompson of Skaneateles, by whom he has two children: Genevieve, aged ten, and Ivan B., aged seven years. Selah Thompson w.as one of the oldest settlers in the town, being born in 1800 and dying in 1882. His wife, Peninah, is still living at the age of 77. Both families are among the oldest and best known in the town. Barber, John A. , Skaneateles, was born in England and came to Skaneateles in 1857 and engaged in farming. Aug. 31, 1864, he enlisted in Co. L, 9th N. Y. Heavy Artillery, and served until the close of the war. He was wounded in the battle of Cedar Creek, and was with the Army of the Potomac in front of Richmond at the time of Lee's surrender. He then returned to Skaneateles and resumed farming. Mr. Barber married Mary A. Staddon, by whom he has two children: Edwin A., in the paper manufacturing business, and IdaM., living at home. Mr. Barber is one of the best known farmers in the town and is a prominent Grand Army man. Brown, John Wing, Skaneateles, was born in the city of New York, April 17, 1852, and was the only child of Harvey Brown, a well known resident of the town of Skaneateles. The latter was born in the town of Oppenheim, Fulton Co., in 1818, and at eighteen years of age went to the city of New York, where he lived until 1860. Owing to impaired health he then removed to the village of Brockett's Bridge, now Dolgeville, where he remained until June, 1876, when he removed to the home of his only child, Dr. J. W. Brown of Mottville, where he died April 22, 1894. He had but recently celebrated his golden wedding. Harvey Brown's wife, Margaret Sands (Wing) Brown, was born in Duchess Co., N. Y., Oct. 30, 1820, and died in Mottville, Jan. 17, 1895, about eight months after her husband's death, having never been separated, but always residing together as an unbroken family. Dr. Brown's childhood was passed at Brockett's Bridge. His education was obtained in the private schools, New York city, and village school and academies in Pu laski and Fairfield, varied during vacations by clerkship in. his father's store. Leaving school he entered the office of Dr. A. G. Barney in Dolgeville at the age of nineteen. He attended lectures at Ann Arbor in the winter of 1871 and 1872, and with less than two year's study received the degree of M. D. March 26, 1873, from the University of Michigan. He married M. Alice Youker of Dolgeville, April 9, 1873, and the following month formed a partnership with his preceptor, which continued until December, 1875, when he removed to Mottville and began what has proved to be his life work. A bitter struggle with adversity and pov erty for a few years and perseverance and energy won the large and lucrative practice he now enjoys. He early adopted this motto, "Qui, non proficit, deficit," and developing ability with obstetrical cases (a record of 989 with four fatalities), his advice is sought for miles around. Recognizing that the growing importance of nervous and special ills of women were not alone the province of the special ist, a large and growing "clientele" is the result of this study and foresight. Dr. Brown is the type of the thorough all-round general practitioner, and is noted for his cheerful demeanor and personal magnetism. His robust physique alone enables him to withstand the arduous duties of the country doctor. Located in FAMILY SKETCHES. 237 a manufacturing community the major and minor surgical work has been his for years, and operative gynecology is of frequent occurrence. His adoption of wood pulp as a dressing for fractures was original, and his claim of priority is uncon tested, as its advantages have been ably stated by him at county, State and na tional medical meetings. He has been health officer of his town for years. Early attaining a membership in the Herkimer County Medical Society, he united upon his removal with the Onondaga County, and was its president for the year 1891. He is also a member of the Central New York Medical Association, New York State Medical Society, American Medical Association and Ninth International Med ical Congress. His meagre contributions to medical literature are a report upon diphtheria in American Journal of Obstetrics, and subsequent report to American Medical Association Transactions ; "Wood Pulp as a Surgical Dressing;" "A Plea for the General Practitioner versus Gynecologist," American Medical Association Journal ; presidential address upon "Decadence of American Families," and report upon "Electrocution," Medical Record. His restless activity early led to his organ ization, with others, of the Mottville Paper Company, Limited, of which he has al ways been president and resident manager with the unfortunate result that his entire savings of twenty years were swept away by the complete destruction of the plant by fire upon March 5, 1894. He is not a communicant of any church or identified with any sect, but an earnest believer in Christianity, unbiased by doctrine but with char ity for all. He has always been a member of the Republican party, but is in no sense a politician or aspirant for honors or notoriety. He is a member of Skaneateles Lodge, No. 522, F. & A. M. Is High Priest of Charles H. Piatt Chapter, No. 247, R. A. M. ; a Sir Knight of Central City Commandery (Syracuse) No. 22, K. T. ; has obtained the 32d degree A. A. S. R., and is a Noble of Ziyara Temple, A. A.'O. N. M. S. (Utica). With a family consisting of wife and daughters, Jessie Wing, Mar garet Shaffer and Carrie Alice and an only son, Harvey John, residing in one of the finest residences in the town upon a farm which he successfully manages in addition to his professional work. Possessing a library which is one of the best in the county, he is well equipped by a large personal experience to fully enjoy the results of appli cation, and hopes to long retain his place among the workers of his chosen profes sion, and leave the record "well done" as a heritage to his family, with the knowledge that life may be made worthy the living by conscientious work in the practice of an exacting profession. Brown, Robert, Skaneateles, is a native of Canada, who came to this country in 1870 and found work in a paper mill, which he has ever since, with some exceptions, continued, being machine tender of one of the mills at Skaneateles Falls. In 1882 he bought the residence of the late Colonel Lamb, it being a large, handsome, stone building. ' Bockes, Dennis, Skaneateles, son of Smith and Olive (Smith) Bockes of Saratoga Co. , N. Y. , was born in Philadelphia, Jefferson Co. , in 1839. At the age of fifteen he removed with his parents to Scott, Cortland Co. He studied at Cortland Academy at Homer, graduating in 1860, and for the next ten years he was engaged in teach ing. He then bought a farm of 140 acres southwest of Skaneateles, and has since devoted himself to its cultivation. Mr. Bockes, who is a Republican, was elected supervisor in 1880. In 1882 he was again elected, and continued in office seven sub- 238 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. sequent terms. In 1886 he was unanimously elected chairman of the Board of Su pervisors. In 1865 Mr. Bockes married Charlotte M., daughter of John S. Haight. They have four sons: Edgar L. , engaged in farming; Harry S., connected with the milling business; George L., in Cornell University, and John W., in Williams Col lege. Mr. and Mrs. Bockes are members of the Reformed Church of Owasco. Chapman, James S. , Skaneateles, was born in England, April 14, 1824, a son of William and Johanna (Spratt) Chapman, who lived and died in that country. The grandfather, John Chapman, and his wife, Mary Spencer, both died there also. James S. was reared to farm work, educated in the public schools, and came to Skan eateles in 1846. In 1851 he came to his present farm, where he has since resided. The place comprises seventy acres. Our subject married in 1849 Elizabeth Weeks, a native of England, and a daughter of James and Ann (Barnard) Weeks, and Mr. and Mrs. Chapman have had twelve children, of whom seven survive: George S., who married Francis Gould, and has six children, George, Ann, Elizabeth, Frances, Harry and Francisco; Eliza J., wife of Henry Harwidge, who has five children, Mabel, Willis, Charles, Allen and Daisy ; JElizabeth, wife of John Joice, who has seven children, Olive, Frank, Lottie, Ernest, Mertice and Levin ; Sylvia Ann, wife of Charles Milford of Skaneateles who has six children, Roscoe, Leslie, Florence, Earl, Ivan and Charles; Nephthalem, who married Alice Horsing, and has two chil dren, Rena and L. J. ; Thomas J., who married Lillie Carver, and had one child who died in infancy; and Uriah, who married Kate Coon, and has three children: Abbie, William and Eugene. Cuddeback, George D., Skaneateles, was born Jan. 18, 1858, was the son David, son of Jacob, son of Abram, who was one of the first settlers in the township, coming here with six boys who were all farmers. David was born in 1811, died in 1875; he followed farming all his life. Geo. D. was educated in Skaneateles and in 1876 he married Lettie M. Thornton by whom he has two sons, Willis D. and Eugene A. In 1882 he purchased a farm on the Lake road, where he now lives ; it being one of the best located in the county. He comes of one of the oldest and best known fami lies in the county. Daniels, Willard W., Skaneateles, was born in the town of Butler, Wayne Co., July 4, 1834. When he was twelve years of age moved with his parents and two brothers and five sisters to the town of Skaneateles, Onondaga Co. , and settled on a farm near Mottville, where he has since resided with the exception of two years, in which he lived in Bremer Co., Iowa, and about two years in Cayuga Co., N. Y., now own ing and occupying a portion of the old homestead where his parents, Ammon and Sally (Vail) Daniels died, the former on Dec. 31, 1880, aged 78 years, the latter Aug. 27, 1858, aged 54 years, also the grandfather, Stephen Daniels, who died April 16, 1859, .aged 83 years. In 1856 he married Ann E., daughter of Moses and Nancy (Putnam) Moreland of Sennett, Cayuga Co., N.Y., with whom he has raised two chil dren: Alice A., wife of Frank Wilkes of the town of Ira, Cayuga Co., who have five children, namely, Willard, John, Clare, Anna and Jennie; and Carrie A., who died Dec. 3, 1874, aged 7 years. The wife's parents were natives of this State, and died, he in 1884, she in 1893, each at the age of 84 years. On the 16th day of March, 1865, our subject was enrolled in the Union army to serve one year, but was discharged on the 11th day of May, 1865, at the end of the war. FAMILY SKETCHES. 239 Dewitt, Hiram, Skaneateles, was born in Cayuga Co., Aug. 12, 1832, son of Jacob Dewitt, who was a farmer, born Dec. 16, 1808, and died Aug. 3, 1880. Hiram re ceived a common school education in Cayuga Co., then went to farming, and in 1861 bought the farm where he is now located, which is in a fine state of cultivation. Mr. Dewitt is one of the best known farmers in the township. In 1861 he married Mary M. Pardee, who belongs to one of the oldest and best known families in the town. They have one boy, Maxwell P. , who carries on the farm for his father. They also have an adopted daughter, Mabel, who is now attending school. Dewitt, M. C, Skaneateles, was born in Skaneateles, Sept. 7, 1839, son of Charles W. Dewitt. He follows farming, owning the largest farm in the corporation, con sisting of 245 acres. Mr. Dewitt was road commissioner for twelve years. He has also run a milk route in the village for twenty-four years. He is one of the best known men in the town. He married Elizabeth A. Hockey, of Skaneateles. Their children are Frank G., John S., Warren B., Charles P., Robert H., Edward T, Car rie A., Mary E., Laura B., deceased, George M., and Florence A. Earll, J. Horatio, Skaneateles, was born in Skaneateles, Feb. 18, 1850, son of Col. Daniel and Caroline (Peck) Earll. Colonel Earll was born in 1803 on the old home stead which his father, Abijah, cleared.- At the death of his father he assumed charge of his father's business, which consisted of the farm, saw mill, and grist mill. The business gradually increased until he was the owner of seven grist mills, at that time being the principal privileges of the stream. In 1850 he became interested in a distillery with is two sons, Augustus and Leonard, and Charles Tallman of Syracuse, the firm name being Earlls & Tallman. This continued until 1870, when Mr. Earll retired from active business to his farm, where he died in his eighty-sixth year. J. Horatio still owns and resides on the old homestead. He is interested in breeding thoroughbred stock, consisting of cattle and merino sheep. Mr. Earll has been supervisor of the town, and has also acted as postmaster, and is treasurer of the Skaneateles Savings Bank. He married Belle M., daughter of George Gregory, of Skaneateles, by whom he has one daughter, Carrie B. , who took part in the tableau of La Fayette reception of Onondaga's Centennial. Evans, Reuben, Skaneateles, was born in Somersetshire, England, in 1829, came to Skaneateles in 1848 and followed farming until his trip to California. While there he engaged in mining two years, then returned to Skaneateles, and in Aug. , 1862, enlisted in Co. G, 149th N. Y. Vols. , serving till the close of the war. He was for two years in the Army of the Cumberland and a year with the Army of the Potomac. He participated in the battles of Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Winchester, Lookout Mountain, Ringgold, Dalton, Ga., etc., and was wounded' in the battle of Resaca. Mr. Evans has seen very active service, and was in some of the most important en gagements of the war, being with Sherman on his "march to the sea." After Lee's surrender Mr. Evans returned to Skaneateles and resumed farming, in which he is still engaged. He married Eliza Smith, and has one son, who assists his father on the farm. Fitch, Louis Benjamin, Skaneateles, was born at Sherburne, Chenango Co., July 27, 1842. The following year his father, Jacob B. Fitch, moved to Pennsylvania, where for many years he was connected with the Delaware & Hudson Canal Co. 240 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. His grandfather, Benjamin Fitch, served in the war of 1812, and was wounded at the battle of Bridgewater while commanding his company and bearing aloft the colors of his regiment. L. B. Fitch was educated at Clinton Liberal Institute, after which he was in the employ of the Delaware & Hudson Canal Co. until 1871, when he went to Syracuse as sales agent for that company. In 1876 he came to Skaneateles as sec retary and treasurer of the Skaneateles Paper Co., remaining with them until 1889, when he retired from active business, but still retaining some manufacturing inter ests. He served on the Skaneateles School Board fifteen years, and was its presi dent for six years. In 1869 he married Laura Clift of Skaneateles, by whom he has two daughters: Mary Clift and Lucy Aldrich Gillett, Edson D., Skaneateles, was born in Solon, Cortland Co., N. Y., April 5, 1842. He is one of six children born to Sophronia A. and Alonzo Gillett, who came to Skaneateles in 1850. At the age of nineteen years he enlisted in the 19th N. Y. Infantry, in response to the call of President Lincoln for the first seventy-five thou sand. After twenty-three months' service he was discharged by reason of physical disability. After recovering his wonted health, he re-enlisted in Aug., 1864, in the 9th N. Y. Heavy Artillery ; was with the 6th Corps under Sheridan in the Shenan doah Valley, going from thence to Petersburg, where he remained during the win ter of 1864-65 ; was an active participant in the engagements before Petersburg, and from there on to Appomattox; was discharged from the service in July, 1865. Re-~ turning to civil life, he engaged for a time in the manufacture of brick and tile and afterwards in contracting and building. In Feb. , 1885, he was appointed postmaster by President Arthur; served through President Cleveland's term, and was reap pointed by President Harrison, his term of office expiring Feb. 14, 1894, making nine years consecutive service, under two Republican and two Democratic administra tions. This he regards as -a peculiar political distinction, inasmuch as his Repub lican principles were always to the front. At the present time he is a justice of the peace and doing a general collection and loan agency business. He was married Jan. 1, 1867, to Helen M. Gregory, by whom he had one son: Frank H., now living in Skaneateles. Harwood, George B., Skaneateles, was born in South Onondaga, N. Y. , March 28, 1841. He is one of four children, born to Charles and Jane E. Harwood. He learned the trade of harness making. In Aug., 1862, he enlisted in Co. G, 149th N. Y. Vols., and was in the battles of Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Lookout Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, and all the battles of his regiment ; was with Sherman on his famous march to the sea. On June 12, 1865, he was mustered out of the service, Return ing to the pursuits of civil life, he engaged in harness making in Skaneateles, which he has followed, except two years in the internal revenue service of the United States. He has been honored with the office of collector of his town, and by the county at large with the office of county treasurer. In Feb. , 1867, he married Eliza beth Samuels, by whom he has one son, George G., a pharmacist. Jones, James D. , Skaneateles, was born in Somersetshire, England, son of Henry and Ann Jones. Henry died in Syracuse in 1886. The family were amQng the early settlers in Skaneateles. The grandfather of James D. came there in 1832 and died in 1841. James D. has always been engaged in farming. He bought his pres ent farm, one of the best known in the township, seven years ago. He married FAMILY SKETCHES. 241 Mary J. B. Adams, by whom he has three sons : Frank O. , in the paper business at Lockport; Charles W., and William A., who is engaged with his father on the farm. Mr. and Mrs. Jones are members of the Methodist church in Skaneateles. Kellogg, John, Skaneateles, son of Daniel and Laura (Hyde) Kellogg, was born at Skaneateles, N. Y. , April 12, 1807, where he died Feb. 7, 1883, and was buried there-, leaving a widow, Paulina Wood, and six children surviving, viz. : Daniel, Caroline Wood, John, Mary, Helen, William Wood and Jennie Louise. He was married at Ithaca, N. Y., Oct. 24, 1837, to Lucy Coburn, daughter of John and Mary (Piatt) Coburn, and granddaughter of Jonathan Piatt of Nichols, N. Y. ; she died Sept. 15, 1845, at Skaneateles. He was married (second) June 14, 1848, at Aurora-on-Cayuga Lake, N. Y., to Paulina Wood, daughter of Leddra and Caroline (Seeley) Wood, and granddaughter of Hon. Walter Wood of Aurora. In his early life Mr. Kellogg was a merchant at Trumansburg, N. Y., and later had a wheelbarrow factory, flour mill and distillery at Jordan, N. Y. ; early in the sixties engaged in the brokerage busi ness in New York city, being a member of the firm of Jerome, Kellogg & Co., No. 23 Exchange Place ; for about twenty years previous to his death was engaged in no active business. Milford, Charles R., Skaneateles, was born in Skaneateles, Nov. 13, 1859, son of George F. and Louisa Milford. He was educated in Elbridge, then started the prac tice of law and went into partnership with William G. Ellery, who died within two years, leaving Mr. Milford alone. He now conducts a large and successful practice. He is a staunch Republican, and in 1886 was elected town clerk, and has been re elected each succeeding year. Was elected president of the village in 1888. He married Sylvia, daughter of James Chapman, of Skaneateles, by whom he has five children, George Roscoe, Leslie, Florence, Earl, and Ivan. Padelford, M. E., Skaneateles, was born in Savannah, Ga., resided in New York city for a number of years, but later settled in Skaneateles. In 1892 he married Mrs. Frances Woolsey, of New York city. Parish, John, Skaneateles, was born in Mandana, Skaneateles, May 23, 1827, son of Joseph and Betsey Fowles Parish. Joseph, who was a farmer, was born in Ca yuga Co., but he went to Ohio where he bought a farm and settled. He served in the war of 1812 and was lieutenant under General Harrison. He was born in 1791 and died in 1844. John received a common school education in Skaneateles and then learned the trade of building at the age of sixteen. He has worked at that trade for thirty-six years. He has built numerous buildings throughout the county, also in the surrounding counties. He married first, Anna Howlett, who died in 1881. His second wife was Jennie E. Hatch, widow of Warner A. ; her maiden name was Jennie E. Sperbeck. He has four daughters by his first wife; Adelia, wife of W. Cutterback, of Niles, Cayuga Co. ; Amy A. , wife of G. P. Lawrence, of Skaneateles, Hattie M., and Bertha B. Smith, E. Reuel, Skaneateles, was born in New York city, Feb. 2, 1829, son of Reuel Smith, an old New York merchant who, early in the present century, estab lished the house of Smith, Mills & Co., a prominent firm until the time of its dissolu tion, when, in 1849, he came to Skaneateles where he bought land and built the family, homestead. E. Reuel Smith, after graduating from the Georgetown College, 242 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. District of Columbia, entered the scientific department of Yale College, now known as the Sheffield School. While there he received an appointment to the United States Naval Astronomical Expedition to Chili under command of Lieutenant Gillis. On the return of that expedition, Mr. Smith made a trip among the Araucanian In dians in Southern Chili, and the Harpers published a work on his travels among these Indians. He subsequently studied painting in Rome and at Dusseldorf, and has occasionally contributed pictures to the exhibition of the National Academy of Design, the N. Y. Water Color Society, and the Etching Club. He was a member of the Board of Education for years and at one time held the position of instructor in languages and natural sciences. He is proficient in half a dozen languages. He married Elizabeth De Cost Burnett, of Skaneateles, by whom he has five children : Leslie, De Cost, Celestia, Burnett, and Sedgwick. De Cost is an artist. He studied his profession at the New York Art Student's League, and at the Academie Julian, Paris. His work, both as painte'r and illustrator, consists almost exclusively of sub jects studied from Indian and Western life. His pictures have appeared at the prin cipal exhibitions of New York, Philadelphia, and other cities of the United States, as well as at the Paris Salon, the Exposition Universelle of 1889 and the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago. Sinclair, F. A., Skaneateles, was born in 1834, son of James Sinclair a woolen manufacturer. James was born in Paisley, Scotland, in 1804, and died, in Skaneat eles in 1892. F. A. Sinclair learned the trade of chair making and started a shop at Mottville in 1859. In 1862 he volunteered with the 138th Infantry, afterwards the 9th Heavy Artillery, and served two years and four months. He was wounded at Petersburg June 9, 1864. He was in the continuous engagements that took place that summer. He went out as a private and came back as a captain. He had four brothers that served in the war, and a remarkable fact is that they all returned from the war. This is a distinguished war record for one family. Mr. Sinclair resumed the business of chairmaking in 1865. He did all the work pertaining to his business, being boss, journeyman and everything himself. But through perseverance and energy he has increased his business until he had from twenty-five to thirty men working for him, and had extended his trade to all parts of the United States and Europe. His goods secured a solid reputation, based on the fact that every piece of goods made by him is turned out upon honor, and it is stated by the dealers who handle his goods that not a single complaint has ever been received. Mr. Sinclair has numerous medals awarded him for excellence in quality and stability, of manu facture. He married Loretta M. Taylor, of Aubuan. They have three daughters: Ella A., Fanny M., who married Fred W. Avery (deceased); and Lillian G., wife of John W. Reynolds, of Jordan. They also have an adopted son, Fred N. In politics Mr. Sinclair is an out and out Prohibitionist. Stacey, Richard M. , Skaneateles, was born in Sullivan Co. near Newburgh, Sept. 18, 1831, son of Richard Stacey, a farmer. He came to Skaneateles in 1858, where he started as a merchant. He bought the building in which he is now located in 1862. In 1870 he built the stone grist mills on the stream, which he has run ever since ; it also has a large attachment built on, which is used as a cider mill. He also has another large attachment built on for wood working. He was the originator of the public ice delivery. In addition to these varied interests he runs a general store, FAMILY SKETCHES. 243 carrying a complete line of groceries and provisions. Mr. Stacey is the oldest mer chant who has been continuously in business in Skaneateles, and is regarded as one of the foremost business men of the place. He married Mary A., daughter of James W. Stearns, of Saratoga, by whom he has six children. Willitt M. is a physician practicing at Magee's, Seneca Co. The others are Carrie A., wife of C. L. Mead, superintendent of the female department of Auburn State prison ; Jerome R. , Alfred M., Don C, and Florence M. Thorne, Chauncey B. , Skaneateles, was born in Schoharie Co. , April 20, 1833. He was educated in the common schools. Mr. Thorne has made a specialty of engrav ing or reproducing short hand for book work. Mr. Thorne has methods that he de vised to facilitate his work that have secured renown for their superior accuracy. He has been engaged in this work for over thirty years. Mr. Thorne is a minister in the Society of Friends. He married Amelia A. Hibbs, by whom he has one daughter, Luella H. Thorne. Waller, John E., Skaneateles, was born in Walden, Orange Co., April 15, 1852. His father, Samuel Waller, was a soldier in the Mexican war. His colonial ancestor, from whom he is seventh in descent, was Cadwallader Colden, lieutenant governor of New York before the Revolution, surveyor of the lands of the colony, master in chancery, with a seat in the King's Council. Mr. Waller is also a descendant of Edward Elmer, who came from Chelmsford, Essex, England, in the ship Lion, 1632, and who was killed by the Indians during King Philip's War, 1676. Mr. Waller's Revolutionary ancestors were Nathaniel Elmer, captainof Florida Co. under Col. John Hathorn of Warwick, and Ensign Daniel Drake, a signer of the Committee of Safety, in Goshen, N. Y. John E. Waller came to Skaneateles in 1874. He married the daughter of Julius Earll, for years one of the most honored citizens in Onondaga Co., and a grandson of Robert Earll, who came to Skaneateles in 1794. Their chil dren, born in Skaneateles, are: Winifred, Julius, Percy, Reginald, Earll and Har- court. Mr. Waller is a lawyer by profession.- He is president of the Skaneateles Savings Bank and of the Skaneateles Railroad. He bought the controlling interest in this road in 1879. At that time the road was heavily in debt and was not paying dividends. Mr. Waller improved the service, and since 1880 the town has received dividends on the stock. He is also interested in the manufacture of paper and pulp on the Skaneateles Outlet. Weaver, Joseph, Skaneateles, was born in Somersetshire, England, and came to Skaneateles in 1854, purchasing his present farm in 1865, which he has since brought to a high state of cultivation. His wife was Mrs. Caroline Dalton, who died Jan. 25, 1894, leaving two sons: Henry Dalton and James Weaver. James, who now resides on the farm, married Miss Gertrude Gardner of Mottville, Jan. , 1889. They have two daughters: Ethel May and Caroline Adelle. Wright, Herbert B., M. D., Skaneateles, was born at Pompey Hill, May 1, 1851, son of Truman K. Wright, who is one of the best known educators in the State, having devoted his life to that profession, and only retiring when he was seventy- five years of age. He now lives in Elbridge in retirement. Dr. Wright was edu cated at the Elbridge Academy, then graduated from the Syracuse Medical College. He was medical superintendent of the Onondaga County Insane Asylum at Onon- 244 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. daga Hill for three years. From there he came to Skaneateles, where he is now the oldest practicing physician in the place, having a large and profitable practice. Ackles, Samuel, Spafford, was born in the town of La Fayette, in Christian Hol low, May 20, 1819, a son of Horton and Mary Ackles. The grandfather, William, came from Orange Co. to Cayuga Co., and later to La Fayette, in company with five brothers and a sister, John, Charles, Brant, Richard, Tartulus and Sarah, and there lived and died. Another brother was in the Revolution. The father of our subject was a farmer, and lived and died in Christian Hollow, his death occurring about 1880, and that of his wife in 1883. Samuel was educated in the common schools and followed farming, coming to Spafford about 1840 with his parents, who returned to Christian Hollow. Mr. Ackles bought 114 acres, on which he has resided forty years. In 1865 he married Mary Harvey, a native of Spafford, and a daughter of Paul Harvey. Mr. and Mrs. Ackles have had two children : Grace, born March 4, 1868, wife of Frank B. Mills of Marcellus, and W. Harvey, born Oct. 22, 1870, who resides on the home farm. Bennett, L. C, Spafford, was born in the town of Virgil, Nov. 20, 1831, third of seven children born to Stephemand Waity (Hill) Bennett, he a native of Connecticut and she of Rhode Island. Stephen Bennett came to Virgil and from there to Spaf ford in 1837, engaging in shoemaking, going from house to house. He followed this trade throughout his life in connection with farming. He served three years in the war of 1812. He died in 1847 and Mrs'. Bennett died in 1841. L. C. Bennett was reared on a farm and now owns 130 acres of land, for which he paid a high price. In 1855 he married Lucy, daughter of Col. Phineas Hutchins, who cleared the farm L. C. now owns. He died in 1870. Mrs. Bennett was born and married on this farm, and lived here until her death, which occurred in 1882. In 1885 Mr. Bennett married Eliza, daughter of Alexander and Matilda Gordon, natives of the north of Ireland, of Protestant parentage, who came to America in 1845 and settled on a farm in Spafford. Mr. Gordon died in 1885. Mrs. Gordon now lives with her daughter, Mrs. Eliza Bennett. Mr. and Mrs. Bennett have three children: Vella E., Gordon L. and Clair H. Mr. Bennett has been assessor for ten years. He and his family attend the M. E. church. Craig, Abram, Spafford, was born in the town of Truxton, Feb. 19, 1846, second of a family of four children born to William H. and Hannah (HoUenbeck) Craig, he a native of Wells, Hamilton Co., and she a native of Truxton. The grandparents, John and Polly Craig, lived and died in Hamilton Co. The maternal grandfather was a pioneer of Truxton, and of Dutch descent. William H. came to Truxton and engaged in farming. Mrs. Craig died in 1852 and he married Phoebe Ann Brown, by whom he had four children. He removed to Glenville in 1854, and from there to Spafford in 1867. He died at Cold Brook in November, 1890. Abram Craig was ed ucated in the Cortland Academy, then engaged in farming. He now owns a fine farm of 328 acres, making a specialty of breeding horses and growing potatoes. In June, 1868, Mr. Craig married Mary J. , daughter of Robert and Mary Ann (Fay) Randall, early settlers of Spafford. To Mr. and Mrs. Craig have been born four children : William, a farmer of Spafford, married Jennie Weeks, and has two chil dren, Olive E. and Ralph; Ella J., Robert and Mary E. Mr. Craig has been assessor FAMILY SKETCHES. 245 of the town. He is a member of the Grange. He and his family attend the M. E. Church. Hall, Arthur F. , Spafford, was born in Sempronius, Cayuga Co. , March 3, 1840, son of Asa and Laura A. (Babcock) Hall. Asa was born in Mayfield, Jan. 28, 1812, and Mrs. Hall was born in Spafford, Feb. 27, 1818. Asa came to Sempronius with his parents, Samuel and Elizabeth (Macumber) Hall in 1818. He was a miller and carpenter. They were Quakers in religion. The parents of Samuel were Rufus and Annie (Hoxie) Hall. Asa was a carpenter and miller, and worked in Syracuse. He spent his last days on Palmer's farm in Spafford, where he run the mill. He died on Feb. 11, 1882. Mrs Hall died Sept. 30, 1845. After the death of his mother, Arthur F. was reared by Reuben Palmer, who made him his heir. Mr. Hall still resides on the farm, where he carries on general farming. In 1869 he married Clarissa A., daughter of John L. and Clarissa (Loss) Ripley, he a native of Rensselaer Co. , born in 1799, and she of Skaneateles. The parents of John L. _ Jonathan and Ruth (Corey) Ripley, came to Spafford in 1810, settling on Ripley Hill, where he died in 1848, and Mrs. Ripley in 1862. John L. Ripley was a farmer and made a specialty of breeding fine horses. He died Sept. 27, 1887, and Mrs. Ripley died Nov. 29, 1891. Mr. Hall and family are members of the Baptist Church at Thorn Hill. Mason, James S., Spafford, was born Feb. 9, 1852, in Spafford, a son of Mortimer and Esther P. (Vail) Mason, he born in Cheshire, Mass., a son of Hiram Mason, mentioned in this work. The father of our subject came to Spafford when young, and was a teacher for a number of years. He was also prominent in local politics. His wife died June 1, 1894, and he now resides in Skaneateles. Our subject was reared on a farm, educated in Skaneateles and the Munro Collegiate Institute, and followed teaching for some time. He is also a surveyor, and has some business in the county, but is chiefly occupied in general farming, owning a place of 104 acres. Mr. Mason is now serving his second term as assessor. He is a member of Borodino Grange. In 1883 he married Emma L., daughter of John and Emeline (Kinyon) Burns, the father having come to Marcellus with his father, Eleazer Burns, about 1801. Mr. Burns was one of the leading men of his town, an active politician, and for many years a justice of the peace. He died in 1858 and his wife in 1857. Maxson, John, Spafford, was born in Scott, N. Y., June 17, 1823, fourth of eight children born to John and Eunice (Brown) Maxson, natives of Rensselaer Co. The grandparents, Silas and Maxson, came from Scotland, settling at Petersburg, N. Y., being engaged in farming. The maternal grandparents, Nathan and Esther Brown, came from England, settling in Hoosick. John Maxson was a pioneer ,of Scott, Cortland Co. , where he was engaged in running a barrel factory in connection with his farming. He did in 1834, and Mrs. Maxson died in 1875. John, our sub ject, was reared on a farm and has always followed farming. He came to Spafford in 1848, settling first on Ripley Hill for four years, then moved to the farm he now owns in South Spafford. He has 265 acres of land, which he now lets. He has been a sheep raiser, but of late years has given his attention to dairying. In 1848 Mr. Maxson married Mary Jane (born in 1828), daughter of Zebulon and Hannah (Ames) Davis, natives of Washington Co. Zebulon Davis came to Marietta in 1830, then re moved to Skaneateles, engaging in farming. Here Mrs. Davis died in 1835, and he spent his last days with John Maxson. He afterwards married Pollie Gale, who also 246 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. lived with John, and died in 1869. Mr. Davis died in 1871. To Mr. and Mrs. Max son have been born three children : Byron and Faron, twins, born in 1849, and Eva, born in 1853. Faron married Florence Brockway, by whom he had one child, Edith J. He died in August, 1888. He was a partner with his brother in the lumber and coal business in Homer and Cortland. The firm is now known as Maxson & Starin. Byron married Lottie Stephens, by whom he had one son, John. Eva is the wife of Irving W. Smith, hardware merchant at Auburn. They have two children, Eva J. and Georgia H. Mr. Maxson has served as assessor and road commissioner. McCansey, Charles, Spafford was born in Washington Co., Jan. 13, 1816, son of James and Lydia (Mitchell) McCansey, both natives of Connecticut. They came to Washington Co. , then moved to Spafford, and afterwards removed to Oswego Co. , where they died. The maternal grandfather, William Mitchell, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war The paternal grandfather, James McCansey, was a Tory, and his farm of 600 acres was confiscated. He died in Washington Co. Charles lived on the farm until twenty-one years old, then went into the milling business, which he followed until his health failing in 1863, he bought the farm he now owns. He worked for one man, Josiah Carter Miles, fifteen years. In 1841 Mr. McCansey mar ried Mary Watts of Skaneateles, by whom he had three children : George H. , dentist, of Janesville, Wis. ; James, whereabouts unknown, and Helen, wife of Charles Will iams, lives on the old homestead. They have one son, Leroy, born in Dec, 1892. Mrs. McCansey died in 1859, and he married Harriet Coon, who died in 1870. He then married in 1861, Mary, daughter of Elisha and Amanda (Luce) Kinney of Fa bius. Mr. McCansey is a member of the Borodino Grange, the I.O.O.F. of Borodino, Lake View Lodge, No. 684, and has been a member for twenty-four years of the Skaneateles Lodge No. 622, F. & A. M. Mason, Jerome, Spafford, was born in Spafford, March 11, 1832, a son of Hiram and Maria (Green) Mason, natives of Cheshire, Mass., and of Stephentown, N. Y., respectively. The grandfather, Hezekiah, spent his life in Cheshire, where he was a man of influence and wealth in the community. The father of our subject was in the war of 1812, and came to Spafford in 1833, settling on a farm, where he died June 9, 1877, 83 years of age, and his wife Feb. 24, 1890, aged 91. Jerome engaged in farm work after completing his studies, and afterwatds bought the homestead of fifty acres, to which he has added until he now owns 142 acres. -This he'sold in 1894, and bought the farm he now owns, of ninety acres. He has served as assessor and taken an active part in local affairs. He is a member of the Grange, . and also of the Alliance. In 1870 he married Julia A. Hill, born in Spafford, June 18, 1847, a daughter of William and Mary J. (Vincent) Hill, he of Washington Co. and she of Saratoga Co. , coming to Spafford in 1840 on the farm now owned by Jerome. Here the father died May 3, 1877, and his widow resides with her daughter. Norton, Permenas A., Spafford, was born in Truxton, Nov. 18, 1836, son of Stephen and Elsie (Ripley) Norton. Stephen was born in Chenango, May 9, 1807, and Mrs. Norton was born in Spafford Feb. 9, 1807. The parents of Stephen were David and Dinah (Welton) Norton, natives of Connecticut, who came to Chenango Co., and from there to Spafford where David died in 1860, aged 87 years. The father of David was Ozias, a Revolutionary soldier. Stephen Norton was a farmer of Truxton, FAMILY SKETCHES. 247 where he died in Jan. , 1844, and Mrs. Norton in Jan. , 1844. Permenas A. was educated at the Cortland Academy and was for a time engaged in teaching. In 1874 he mar ried Sarah Viola, daughter of Thomas and Mary (Bowman) Rice, of Fitchburg, Mass. Sept. 14, 1861, Mr. Norton enlisted in Co. D, 76th N. Y. Vols., and was honorably discharged in Dec, 1864. He was in the battles of Bull Run in 1862, Fredericks burg, Mine Run, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, etc. He was wounded May 8, 1864, in the battle of the Wilderness, also at Weldon R. R. Aug. 21, 1864, which resulted in the loss of his left arm. Mr. Norton has served as collector in Spafford. He and his wife are active members of the M. E. church, Mr. Norton holding an exhorter's license in the same. Patten, George A., Spafford, was born in Spafford, Dec 30, 1842, only son of Will iam and Elizabeth (Davis) Patten. William Patten was a native of Oneida Co., and Mrs. Patten was a native of Onondaga Co. The grandfather, William, was a Revo lutionary soldier from Massachusetts. The father was born in Oneida Co., and from there came to Spafford in 1817, where he engaged in a woolen mill two years with Elijah Manley, when he bought out his partner and took Edward Weston in as part ner. He died March 15, 1872, and Mrs. Patten in 1853. George A. went to work for himself at the age of fifteen, working on farms, while attending school. In 1868 he married Lovilie, daughter of Peter and Charity Churchill. Peter came with his parents, James and Hannah (Dobbs) Churchill, from Rensselaer Co. James Churchill settled in 1816 on the farm now owned by Mrs. Patten, where he died in 1818, when his son, Peter, took the farm. Peter died in 1876 and Mrs. Churchill died in 1869. To Mr. and Mrs. Patten have been born two children: Alton W., at home; and Flora E., wife of Emmett L. Gordon, clerk in Preble. Aug. 9, 1862, Mr. Patten en listed in Co. D, 122d N. Y. Vols., and was honorably discharged July 5, 1865. He was in the following battles: Antietam, Williamsport, Fredericksburg, Deep Run, Gettysburg, etc. He was with Grant in the Potomac campaign, and was wounded in the battle of the Wilderness. Patterson, Marcus, Spafford, was born in Spafford, April 7, 1847, son of Chester and Caroline (Hutchins) Patterson, natives of Spafford. The grandfather, Calvin Patterson, was a native of Burlington, Otsego Co., and came to Spafford in 1812. The maternal grandfather, Phineas Hutchins, came to Spafford in 1806, settling on a farm, where he died in, 1870. He was known as Colonel Hutchins and was in the war of 1812. Chester Patterson was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools. He always followed farming, with the exception of a few years he spent in Homer. He died in Skaneateles in 1887, aged 77 years. His wife, born Sept. 12, 1812, died in Dec, 1891. Mr. Patterson was at one time assessor of the town, also poormaster. He was one of the leading farmers of the town, owning a farm of 260 acres. Marcus was educated in the common schools and the Homer Academy. He then engaged in farming and has lived on the farm he now owns of 130 acres since he was nineteen years of age. He breeds Jersey cattle and makes a specialty of making butter. Mr. Patterson was supervisor of the town in 1891-92-93, was asses sor six years and highway commissioner for two years. He is a member of the Boro dino Grange and of the Alliance. In 1870 Mr. Patterson married Attaresta Prindle, a native of Spafford. Her father, Rensselaer Prindle, was a native of Rensselaer Co. and came to Spafford with his parents, Joseph and Elizabeth Prindle, among the 248 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. early settlers. Mr. Prindle now lives in Spafford. 'Mr. and Mrs. Patterson had one son: Ellis C, born April 23, 1873, educated in Skaneateles Academy, and now en gaged in farming. Mrs. Patterson died May 18, 1874, and in 1880 Mr. Patterson mar ried her sister, Mary E., by whom he has three children: Frank, born July 4, 1882; Grace, March 22, 1884, and Blanch, Oct. 11, 1888. Roundy, Uriah, Spafford, was born in Spafford, July 24, 1819, seventh of nine children born 'to Capt. Asahel and Hannah (Weston) Roundy, he a native of Rock ingham, Vt. , and she of Fitz-William, N. H. Captain Roundy was born July 29, 1784, and came to. Spafford on horseback among the early settlers' in 1807. He built the Spafford Hotel in 1820 and was its proprietor until 1843, at the same time run ning a farm of 100 acres, which he owned. He was the first postmaster, first justice of the peace and second supervisor of Spafford. He was supervisor from 1812 to 1821 and one term afterwards. Captain Roundy commanded a company in the 98th Regt., N. Y. Militia (Lieut. Col. Christopher Clarke), in the war of 1812, and served for a short period in the fall of 1814, in an expedition to Sackett's Harbor, N. Y., and was discharged with his company at Smith's Mill, Nov. 22, 1814. Mrs. Roundy was the first teacher in Spafford. A brother of Uriah, Prof. C. O. Roundy, was a teacher in Syracuse for twenty years, and first principal of the Syracuse High School. Cap tain Roundy died Feb. 1, 1857, and Mrs. Roundy died Oct. 22, 1855. The grand parents, Uriah and Lucretia (Needham) Roundy, resided in Rockingham, Vt. , he a native of that State and she of Norwich, Conn. Uriah, our subject, began business as afarmer in Spafford, but sold out in 1864 and spent one year in Michigan. He then returned and again engaged in farming, but in 1868 he engaged in the mercan tile business, which he sold in 1890. April 3, 1842, Mr. Roundy married Mary A., daughter of Russell and Mary (Cook) Tinkham, he a native of Vermont and she of England. She came to America with her parents when eighteen months of age and settled in Otsego Co. Russell came to Spafford when eight years old with his parents, Capt. Daniel and Ada Tinkham. Mr. and Mrs. Roundy have two sons and had one adopted son. The latter served three years in the late war, in the 76th N. Y. Vols., and died July 10, 1865. Adelbert Roundy is a merchant in Salt Lake City. He has' four children: Mary, Florence, Jay C. and Dorotha. Jay C. is a rancher of Freemont Co., Idaho. He has three children: Pearl, Frank and Adelbert. Uriah Roundy has been supervisor of Spafford three terms, justice of sessions two terms, was appointed excise commissioner, but resigned after one year's service, and was for two years loan commissioner. He has been justice at Spafford for the last twenty- five years. He was appointed postmaster in 1878, which, office he held until Cleve land's first administration. He was again appointed under Harrison, but resigned Dec. 30, 1893. The subject of this sketch came of gobd Revolutionary stock, his grandfather, Uriah, having served in that war, and is able to trace his ancestry in this country back to the first settlers in New England in the fore part of the seven teenth century; and some of his kin, lineal or collateral, have taken part in all the wars of the land of their adoption from King" Philip's War to the present time, and he takes pride in the patriotic impulsesof the family to which he belongs. Stanton, Samuel, Spafford, was born in Spafford, April 10, 1821, son of Benjamin and Amy (Perkins) Stanton. Benjamin came from New England to Spafford in 1806, where he purchased fifty acres of land. He died here in 1871, aged 91 years. Mrs, FAMILY SKETCHES. 249 Stanton died in 1872, aged 89 years. Mr. Stanton was for several years assessor of the town. His father, John, was a native of Rhode Island. Samuel was reared on the old homestead, where he has always resided. He had 306 acres, but sold fifty acres to his son, Mark. In 1844 Mr. Stanton married Sarah, daughter of Calvin and Sarah (Thompson) Patterson of Spafford, formerly of Otsego Co. Mr. Stanton has been supervisor, assessor, and has filled nearly all of the minor offices of the town. To Mr. and Mrs. Stanton have been born eight children: Calvin P., of Luddington, Mich. ; Emmett E., farmer, of Spafford; Mark, farmer, also of Spafford, elected jus tice of the peace; Elmer E., lawyer, Grand Rapids, Mich., publisher of Lawyers' Directory and Diary for different States ; Alice, wife of John Purchase, farmer, of Spafford ; Annette, wife of W. F. Fairbanks, register of deeds, Mason Co. , Mich. , and Laura, wife of Milton Emmons, a farmer, of Borodino; and Frank Stanton, who died in 1876. Sweet, James, Spafford, was born in Schoharie Co., Jan. 24, 1856. He was a son of Joseph N. and Margaret (Nesbit) Sweet, he a native of Charlestown, born Sept. 17, 1827, and she of Ireland, born April 22, 1830. The grandfather, Benjamin Sweet, was born in Rhode Island and came to Charlestown about 1820. He was in the war 1812, and was wounded at Lundy's Lane, He died in Schoharie Co. in 1858. Joseph N. was a stone mason by trade, but has been a dealer in stock most of his life, and now resides in Schoharie Co. James was reared on the farm and came to Borodino in 1876, where he has since lived. In 1884 he engaged in the meat business in con nection with a grocery, in which he has been very successful. He was appointed postmaster July 10, 1893, andhe is a member of the Odd Fellows and of the Alliance, also of the I. O. G. T. In 1883 he married Minnie, daughter of William and Char lotte (Hunt) Taylor of England, early settlers of Spafford. Mr. Taylor died July 2, 1882. Mr. and Mrs. Sweet have had one son, William J., born July 11, 1886. Schuyler, William S., Spafford, was born in Throopville, Cayuga Co., Oct. 9, 1858, a son of Franklin and Sarah (Miller) Schuyler, natives of Cazenovia and Throop ville, who later went to Auburn, where both now reside, the former being a mill wright by trade. Our subject was reared in Throopville, where he was educated and learned milling, at which he worked three years there. In 1882 he came to Marcellus, and three years later went to Camillus, and after a residence of three years there he removed to Spafford, and in 1894 purchased the Willowdale Mills, which he now conducts successfully. In 1886 he married Carrie E. Kennedy of Mar cellus, and they have one child, John J., born July 4, 1892. Woodworth, Perry F. , Spafford, was born in Spafford, May 17, 1844, son of J. C. and Sallie (Eadie) Woodworth. She was a native of Rensselaerville, Rensselaer Co., born in 1808, and J. C. was a native of Mayfield, Fulton Co., born in 1808. James, grandfather of Perry F. , was a native of Connecticut and came to Fulton Co. in the early days. From there he came to Spafford in 1821, where he died in 1858. His wife, Hannah Fisk, also died in Spafford, in 1854. J. C. Woodworth died in Spaf ford Nov. 30, 1873, and his wife died June 10, 1884. Perry F. was educated in the common schools and Homer Academy. At the age of eighteen he enlisted in Co. F, 122d N. Y. Vols. , and served three years. He was a musician and remained with that regiment throughout the war. Feb. 14, 1866, he married Martha M, Norton, It 250 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. daughter of Seymour and Sallie (Lyman) Norton. Mr. Norton was a native of Smyrna, N. Y., and came to Spafford in 1846, where he still lives at the age of 82. Mrs. Norton was a native of Potter Co., Pa., and still lives in Spafford at the age of 81 years. Mr. and Mrs. Woodworth have four children : Lucretia, deceased ; Ger trude I. , graduate of Cortland Normal School, now a teacher ; Joel C. , deceased ; and Olin F., at home. Mr. Woodworth owns ninety-eight acres of land and follows general farming. He was assessor of the town for two terms and collector one term. In 1884-85-86 he acted as supervisor of the town. He is a member of Scott Post, G. A. R., No. 157. His great-grandparents were Cyrus and Abigail (Chatfield) Woodworth, natives of Connecticut. His maternal great-grandparents were Jonathan and Mercy (Robinson) Fisk, natives of Montgomery Co. His maternal grandparents were James Eadie (a native of Scotland, was a merchant in the early days in the city of Albany, Albany Co., N. Y.) and Martha (Smith) Eadie, a native of Albany. Carr, Sullivan A., Tully, was borii in Tully, Jan. 21, 1843, one of twelve children of Almon and Arathusa (Morse) Carr, he a native of Ashfield, Mass., born in 1800, and she of Weathersfield, Y't. , born in 1804. The father of Almon was Amos Carr, a native of Litchfield, Conn., who moved to Massachusetts and in 1842 came to Tully, where he spent his life, dying in 1843. His wife was Mary King, of Hartford, Conn. , who died in Tully in 1858. The father of our subject was a mason by trade, which occupation he followed most of his life. He also owned a farm which our subject now possesses. He married in March, 1824, Arathusa Morse, of Vermont, daughter of Asa and Anna (Bowman) Morse, both of Massachusetts. The founder of the Carr family in this country was Amos, the great-grandfather of Sullivan A., who was stolen from Ireland and brought to this country when four years old. Mr. and Mrs. Almon Carr had these children: Erasmus T., Emeline, Chloe A. , Eliza J., Francis E., Amanda A., Melvina A., Mary S., Sullivan A., Albert C, Martha F., and Addie L. Sullivan was educated in the schools of Y^esper, and at the age of nineteen went to Kansas, where he had charge of the government transportation during the war, after which he followed boating on the Missouri River, being captain of a steamboat between St. Joseph, Mo., and Omaha, Neb. He has been in different parts of the territories of this country, and visited Salt Lake City, New Mexico and Denver on horseback before the time of the railroads. Mr. Carr came here in 1871 and bought the homestead of fifty acres, to which he has added and now owns 170 acres devoted to general farming. He is a prominent man in politics and has served as supervisor, etc He married, in 1871, Jenette, daughter of William and Salinda Churchill, of Spafford, and they have one child, William A., a student in Onondaga Academy. Chase, H. B., Tully, was born in Tully on the old Chase homestead, Feb. 13, 1858, one of four children born to Russell F. and Mary (Blaney) Chase, the former born in 1818 in Tully, and the latter born in 1822 in Rensselaer Co. Their children were: Esther U., born in 1853; George W., born in 1855; Quincy A., born in 1856; and Heman B., born in 1858. Mr. Chase died Nov. 5, 1885, and his wife Feb. 2, 1888. H. B. Chase was reared on the farm, and educated in the common schools of Tully. He owns 160 acres of land, and follows dairying chiefly. October 15, 1885, he mar ried Lillian Strail, born in Tully, May 31, 1864, a daughter of J. P. and Emma Strail, of Tully. They had one daughter, Mabel, born June 12, 1887, and died March FAMILY SKETCHES. 251 28, 1888. Mrs. Chase is a member of the M. E. church, the family attending that church also. Estey, Lester, Tully, was born in Lake Pleasant, Hamilton Co., June 1, 1841, one of five children of William and Sarah J. (Courtney) Estey. The father was born in Hillsborough, Y't. , in 1814, and the mother at Lake Pleasant in 1816. They came to La Fayette in 1882, where they now reside. William is a son of Jason Estey, a native of Vermont, who died in Hamilton Co. Lester was born and reared on the farm, educated in Lake Pleasant schools and came to Tully in 1867, where he bought a farm near Y'esper, on which he lived eleven years, then came to his present farm of seventy-six acres, on which he has made improvements. He is a member of Tully Grange and of the G. A. R., Goodell Post. Mr. Estey married in 1869 Lucy J., daughter of John Willis, one of the early settlers of this town, and their children are : Elvin J. ; Fred, who died aged three years ; and Archelaus. Mr. Estey enlisted in Co. D, 142d N.Y*. Vols., and served till the close of the war, participating in many en gagements. Graham, Hugh, Tully, was born in Buffalo, April 7, 1840, the eleventh of a family of fifteen children born to James and Agnes (Callihan) Graham, both of Ireland, Co. of Derry„ who came to America in 1826 and settled in Buffalo, whence they re moved to Michigan in 1866, where they spent the latter part of their lives. Mr. Graham was a gardener. He died in 1868, aged 78, and his wife in 1867, aged 67. Hugh G. was reared in Buffalo, educated in the common schools of that city, and enlisted in the war of the Rebellion, participating in the battle of Bull Run. He was then detained North as guard until his discharge in July, 1863. In 1866 he mar ried Margaret, daughter of John and Nancy (O'Neil) McKendrie, natives of Co. Connaught, Ireland, who came to America in 1840 and settled at Union Mills, Pa., where they died, the father aged 35, and the mother aged 65. Mr. and Mrs. Graham have had five children : James, who died aged 20 months ; Annie, who died aged 2 years ; Willie, who died aged 17 ; Charles, born in Sept. , 1867, who married Mary Hackett of Warsaw in 1887, and has four children: Margaret, James, Hugh, and Bessie; and Hugh, jr., born in 1876, who is engaged with his father in the Solvay Process Company as driller's helper. He married Clara Pople, of Otisco, in 1894. After returning from the war in 1863 Mr. Graham engaged in the oil business at Titusville, Pa., for about twenty years, then Went to Warsaw and engaged in drilling salt wells until 1888, when he came to Tully and put down the wells of the Solvay Works, of which he has since had charge. Charles Graham is a salt well driller with his father at Tully. Hayford, C. D., Tully, was born in Spafford, Oct.-18, 1840, a son of Benjamin and Mercy (French) Hayford, he a native of Connecticut, born in 1812, and she also of New England stock. The maternal grandfather, Titus French, came to Spafford in an early day, and later settled in Buchanan, Mich., where he died. Benjamin Hay ford was one of the earliest settlers of the town of Spafford, and was a prominent citizen and large land owner. He married first Eliza French, by whom he had three children, ; second, Mercy French, by whom he had two sons, C. D., our subject, and Orrin H., who is a farmer on the homestead place in Spafford; she died in 1856; and third, Mrs. Loretta Baker, who is still living ; they had two children, both of whom died in infancy. Benjamin Hayford died March 24, 1887. Our subject remained on the farm until the age of twenty-one, and a year later engaged in the wholesale 252 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. notion trade on the road, which occupation he followed eleven years. He then fol lowed the mercantile business in Tully for two years, since which time he has travelled for the firm of Neal & Hyde of Syracuse. In 1875 he married Mary Schoonmaker, daughter of Moses and Sarah (Barker) Schoonmaker, both born in Caroline, Tompkins Co., in 1824 and 1827, respectively. They came to Tully in 1850, where the father died Sept. '2, 1878, and the mother still resides in Tully. They had three daughters: Mary, Adell and Allie. Mr. and Mrs. Hayford have had two daughters: Blanche, born Nov. 14, 1877, died Aug. 8, 1878; and Alice M., born July 5, 1879. Houck, John, Tully, was born in Tully, May 18, 1832, the oldest of three children of Garrett and Pauline (English) Houck, of Rome and Ithaca respectively. The father of Garrett was John Houck, who resided in Oneida Co. Garrett came to Tully in an early day, where he died. His wife was a daughter of Andrew English, a captain in the Revolution. John Houck was educated in the common schools and followed farming. He owned seventy-nine acres in Tully Valley, which he sold to the Solvay Process Company, and after his death, Dec. 7, 1889, Mrs. Houck bought fifty-three acres where she now lives. They have both been for many years mem bers of the M. E. church. In 1869 he married Emily Dunning, a native of Ham ilton Co. , and a daughter of Amos and Angelina (Carnrike) Dunning, natives of Hamilton Co., who came to Oneida and finally to Onondaga Co., where Mr. Dun ning died in 1891, and his wife resides at the Valley. Mr. Dunning was supervisor in Hamilton Co. and also served as justice of the peace twenty years. Mr. and Mrs. Houck have had five children : Mary, wife of William Vandenburg, of Preble, who has' one daughter, Haze} E. ; Angelina, wife of Frank Riehlman, by whom she has two children: Ralph H. and Leroy F. ; Jefferson H., Leroy E., and Norris J. Hayford, Frank C, Tully, was born in Borodino, town of Spafford, April 3, 1854, the elder of two children of Myron W. and Lucy C. (Clinton) Hayford. The grand father of our subject was William Hayford, who came to Borodino in 1857, where he lived and died. His wife was Asenath French. The father of Frank C. was a practical tinner and a hardware merchant in Borodino a number of years. In 1856 he came to Tully and engaged in the same -business, selling out to Frank C. in 1888 and engaging in the crockery and clothing business, which he continued till his death in 1891. His wife died in 1894. He was a member of the Masonic Fraternity and a Knight Templar. Our subject was reared and educated in Tully, where he has always resided, but later attended the Cortland Normal School. He learned the tin ner's trade of his father, with whom he was in company until he bought his father's interest. Mr. Hayford is a member of Homer Lodge, F. & A. M. and of K. of P. Tully Lodge. In 1876 he married Esther U. Chase, daughter of Franklin Chase of Tully. Morgan, Henry, Tully, was born in Tully, June 25, 1839, one of nine children of William and Celia Scammell of Vermont, who came with their parents to Tully in an early day. The paternal grandparents, Henry and Polly (Brooks) Morgan, settled in Tully in 1804. Willard Morgan died in 1880 and his wife in 1887. Henry Morgan was educated in the academies of Cortland and the common schools of Tully, and Dec. 22, 1864, married Althea, daughter of Milton Newell of Wisconsin, by whom he has two daughters : Verdine L. , wife of Jerome Doud, a farmer of Tully ; and Marion FAMILY SKETCHES. 253 C. , who lives at home, all of whom are members of the church of Christ. Mr. Mor gan owns 123 acres of land, which he bought in 1885, and where he carries on gen eral grain farming and dairying. He is a member of Tully Grange. The great grandfather of Henry (Eliakim Brooks) was born in Montague, Mass., about the year 1728. He entered the Revolutionary army at Valley Forge as Sergeant about the 1st of April, 1778, and died July 15, 1778, leaving his wife Elizabeth and seven children. His wife died June 3, 1800. His son, Jonathan Brooks, served in the Revolution as private three years. Millard, Ira W., Tully, was born in Tully, Jan. 17, 1861, the oldest of six children of Nelson and Phoebe (Moss) Millard, he a native of Manlius and she of Tully. Mr. Millard came to Tully about 1850, where he died May 1, 1892, and his wife resides at Summit Station. Our subject was reared on a farm, educated in the common schools, and is the owner of a farm of 255 acres of land, following general farming. Sept. 29, 1888, he married Bertha, daughter of Avery C. James, born in Truxton, Cortland Co., in 1824, who was one of eleven children of Sheffield James, a native of Rhode Island who came to Madison Co., then to Sennett, then to Tully, and finally to Truxton, where he died in 1847. The father of Sheffield was Paul James, of Rev olutionary fame. Avery C. James came to Tully in 1854, and here he has since re sided. In 1850 he married Melinda Wilson, and they had three children. He mar ried, second, in 1871 Mary E. Handy, a native of Fabius, and a daughter of Loren and Nancy (Clark) Handy. The father of Loren was Ebenezer Handy, one of the first settlers of the town. Mr. Millard and wife have had two children, Frank E. and Floyd J. Slayton, James M., Tully, was born in Oswego Co., town of Parish, Nov. 9, 1853, the oldest of three children of Reuben W. and Eliza F. (Fyler), natives of New York State. The father engaged in the lumber, milling and mercantile business, and in 1878 came to Tully and purchased the Empire House, and in 1885 built the Hotel Slayton, of which he was proprietor a short time, then went to Philadelphia, Pa. , and engaged in the produce business, which he conducted successfully until his death in 1893. His widow survives him. He was a Mason and an Odd Fellow. Our sub-' ject was reared in Parish and educated in the Oswego High School and Mexico Academy, supplemented by a course in the Bryant & Stratton Business College at Syracuse. He later engaged in the produce business in Philadelphia with his father, and in 1892 came to Tully, where he and his brother, Frank R., bought the Hotel Slayton, March, 1893. Frank R. died January 29, 1894, and James M. became sole proprietor. He is also conducting the Tully Lake Park Hotel. He is a member of Lodge 323, F. & A. M. In 1872 he married Kittie L. Myers, who died in 1874. Trowbridge, Robert -C, Tully,. was born in Tully, Oct. 14, 1823, oldest of four sons of Milo and Phebe (Cravath) Trowbridge, the father a native of Florida, N. Y., born in 1795, and the mother a native of Preble, N. Y. , born in 1798. The grandparents of Robert were born in Sheffield, Mass. , Seth Trowbridge and Lucretia Spore, his wife, by whom he had thirteen children, only one of whom is now living, Miss Polly Trowbridge of Clinton, Wis. The other twelve all lived to marry and rear families. Seth and wife moved to Williston, Vt., and from there came to Florida, N. Y., and in 1800 came to Tully, where they spent their lives. Seth died in 1836, aged 73 ; his wife died in 1856, aged 90 years. The father of our subject married Phebe Cravath, 254 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL by whom he had seven children, three now living. He was five years of age when he came to Tully, followed farming for a living, was an active church member, and for many years a deacon of the Presbyterian Church. Milo died Aug. 28, 1882, aged 86; his wife died Nov. 1, 1838, aged 40. He married, second, Lucy H. Cone, by whom he had one child, Samuel Cone, who died in Minnesota. .Robert C. was reared on the farm, educated in the common schools, and has chiefly followed farming, but for a time was engaged in the lumber business, served as supervisor of the town one year and was one of the keepers of the Onondaga County Penitentiary under Mr. J. C. Williams for more than five years. In 1868 he came to the village to reside, and in 1869 built the residence whichhe now occupies. In 1850 he married Betsey R. Wooster, a native of Middlebury, Conn. , born in 1828, a daughter of Murray and Betsey (Richardson) Wooster, also of that place. Of the four children of Mr. and Mrs. Trowbridge, three died in infancy, and one survives, Charles F. , born Aug. 3, 1854; is now living in Parish, N. Y. ; was supervisor of the town one term, and post master for a number of years. Charles F. is now railway postal clerk, and has been in the service about ten years. He married Sarah A. Snell of Parish, and they have one daughter, Bessie B., born March 5, 1888. Robert takes no stock in the various. religions of this age, believing their teachings to be delusive and impoverishing to the people, who would be happier and better off in this world without them. He has strong faith that righteousness — right doing — which exalteth a nation, if practiced, will improve the individual. During more than seventy years of life has found noth ing nobler or better ; therefore, he strives to take good care of and make the best of this life, and will of the next after leaving this if he shall find one, which he does not expect to. As the intelligence in man is the result of this bodily organization, and dependent on it, so when the body fails it goes to God, or the unknown, from whence it came. Gods being the unknown, or imaginary beings, according to men's fancy never manifesting themselves under any circumstances to mankind to assist us in this life, we have no sufficient reason to think they will meddle with us after we are well dead, and nothing but a malicious fiend would, if in his power, keep us alive tp torture us, or permit us to be tortured by a devil. A God must be just to all his creatures, and all he asks or expects of God or man is to deal justly. Winchell, Martin, Tully, was born in Tully, Sept. 10, 1833, one of six children of Hiram and Sally (Gordon) Winchell, the former a native of Tully, born on the farm our subject now owns, and his wife a native of Y'ates Co. The father of Hiram was Joseph, a native of Connecticut, who removed to this town, where he died. His wife was Abigail Winchell, who died in 1819, and they were among the prominent and wealthy people of. the locality. Hiram Winchell died in 1857, and his wife in 1893 at the age of 84. Martin was reared on the farm he now owns, educated in the public schools and has followed farming. His farm consists of about forty acres of fine land. In 1860 he married Louisa D welly, a native of Camden Co., and a daughter of Nelson Dwelly, who spent his last days in Tully, having been killed by a train at Cumming's Crossing in 1877. Woodmansee, Joseph, Tully, was born in La Fayette, Nov. 28, 1819, one of four children of Joseph and Hannah (Murnford) Woodmansee, both of Rhode Island. His parents came to La Fayette in 1817, and to Tully in 1822, where they settled on the farm, then an unbroken wilderness, now owned by Osborn L. Woodmansee, son of FAMILY SKETCHES. 255 our subject. Here the father died in 1870, and his wife in 1872. Joseph was reared on the farm now owned by his son, educated in the public schools, and has always followed farming, owning at present a fine tract of 300 acres. In 1849 he married Lovancia, daughter of Ira Burroughs, one of the early settlers of Otisco, and Un purchased the farm where they now reside. They have had four children: Osborn, Anna, Euretta M., and Grace B., all of whom are living. Bingham, Augustus W., Van Buren, was born near Hartford, Conn., July 22, 1825. Horace B. , his father, came to Onondaga Co. in 1836, and in 1837 purchased the property where his descendants now reside. He married Emmline, daughter of Daniel Jones, by whom he had five children, two of whom are now living. Mr. Bing ham was a prominent man of his town and filled many offices of trust. He died in 1867, aged 67 years. Augustus W. engaged in farming, raising large amounts of hay, grain, stock and tobacco. He filled the offices of supervisor three terms, justice of the peace twenty-six years, and postmaster for twenty-three years. He was ap pointed inspector of the Onondaga Penitentiary for six years. He held a State teacher's certificate and was recognized as being a man of superior education. Mr. "Bingham was a prominent member of the I. O. O. F., of which he was grand master at the installation of officers at New York and Buffalo. Augustus W. Bingham died Nov. 1, 1894. Bentley, Russell, Van Buren, was born in the 'town of Van Buren, July 26, 1834, son of Russell D., a native of Rhode Island. Russell D. came to Onondaga Co. with his father, Nathan Bentley, in 1804 and settled in Pompey. In 1808 Nathan Bentley, with bis family, moved to Van Buren and purchased the Bentley homestead, which has been in possession of the family for eighty-six years. Russell D. Bentley was married in 1823. Russell Bentley was educated in the common schools. In 1858 he married Fannie, daughter of P. Byrnes, by whom he has one son, Frank P. Mr. Bentley has filled various offices of trust in his town and is one of the leading men. Barnes, Elias D., Y'an Buren, was born in Van Buren, June 28, 1836. Asa Barnes, jr., his father, was a native of Albany Co. and came to Onondaga Co. with his father, Asa, and settled at Oran in 1793. Asa Barnes, jr., came to Van Buren in 1820 and settled on the farm where his descendants now reside. Elias D., the third son, was educated in the common schools. At the age of twenty-eight he married Clarissa, daughter of Sidney Blanchard, of Baldwinsville, by whom he has three children: James R., Ellis A., and Stella H. Mr. Barnes is a leading farmer of the town, raising large amounts of hay, grain, stock, and making a specialty of tobacco. Clark, Isaac R., Van Buren, was born in the town of Camillus. He was educated in the common schools and was a man of great force of character. He was enter prising and energetic and was for years a leading manufacturer of wagons and sleighs, also a blacksmith. His first wife was Elizabeth English, who died in 1856. In 1851 he went to California. In 1884 he married Kate, daughter of John Freeman, a native of Albany Co. , who came to Onondaga Co. in 1820, settling at Howlett Hill. Mr. Clark was a man greatly respected by all who knew him. Crouse, Lee, Van Buren, was born in Fayetteville, May 19, 1863. Henry Crouse, his father, is a son of George Crouse, who was one of the prominent pioneer mer chants in Onondaga Co. , and his sons have extended the business until their name 256 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. is one of the best known in the grocery and dry goods line in Central New York. Henry Crouse came to Memphis, N. Y. , in 1866 and established a general store, and is now carrying one of the largest stocks of dry goods, boots and shoes and groceries in Onondaga Co. He married M. Louise Ransford of New Berlin, N. Y., by whom he had seven children. Mr. Crouse has held many offices of trust and was post master for years. Lee Crouse, the eldest son .(now living), as general manager, assisted by his brother, Guy Crouse, have extended the business into the neighbor ing counties, and justly merit the large patronage they enjoy. Dixon, William H., Van Buren, was born in the town of Camillus, May 27, 1827. His father, George Dixon, was a native of Yorkshire, England, and came to the United States in 1816, settling in Dutchess Co. In 1817 he came to Onondaga Co. and settled in Salt Point, and in 1823 he bought the farm where his descendants now live. William H., the third son, was educated in the common schools. In 1853 he married Lucinda A., daughter of R. D. Bentley, by whom he has two sons: David M. and Orrin S. Mr. Dixon is one of the leading men of the town. He served as asses sor for ten years and commissioner of highways, three years. Davis, Warren, Van Buren, was born in Shortesbury, Mass., Dec. 30, 1804. There being a large family of children, he was at an early age sent to live with his grand parents and uncle. He received his education in the common schools of those days. He early learned the habits of industry and frugality which characterized his future life. In 1831 he came to Cazenovia, N. Y., and in 1833 he purchased a farm in the town of Van Buren. The following spring he married Sophia E. , daughter of Oramel Shapley of Cazenovia, N. Y. , and settled upon his farm, where he lived until his death, which occurred in the spring of 1882. His only descendant was an adopted nephew, John E. Davis, who was born in Cazenovia, Oct. 6, 1846. Fisher, Elmer E., Van Buren, was born at South Granby, Oswego Co., N. Y., March 4, 1861 ; was married Feb. 9, 1879, to Mabel, oldest daughter of Henry Becker of Phcenix, by whom he has two daughters: Maud E. and Mabel A. Luther Fisher, father of Elmer, was born at Springfield, N. Y. , May 1, 1817, and lived in that vicin ity until 1854, when he moved to South Granby, Oswego Co., N. Y., where he lived uhtil his death, which occurred May 2, 1878. His father was Seth Fisher, who was one of the first settlers of Dedham, Mass. , and whose wife was Polly Stone, who was the daughter of Captain Stone of Cheshire Co. , N. H. , of Revolutionary fame. Luther Fisher was married twice, Elmer being the only child by the last marriage. He married Miss Elizabeth Moul, daughter of Frederick and Lada Moul of Rensse laer Co. Elmer was educated at Baldwinsville Academy and started the creamery works in Baldwinsville in 1894, using in that year over 1,200,000 pounds of milk. Since he and his partner have made a combine creamery and cheese factory, and are doing a very large and thriving business, using all of the latest and most improved machin ery, and being the first to introduce and use the Babcock Test in this part of the State. Frawley, Matthew G., Van Buren, was born in the town of Fowler, St. Lawrence Co., Aug. 16, 1867. His father, Matthew, was a native of Ireland, and came to the United States in 1842. He has been identified through life as a farmer and brick manufacturer. Matthew G. was educated in the common schools and the Phoenix FAMILY SKETCHES. 257 and Fulton Academies. Since that time he has taught school, serving as principal of the Warners, Euclid and Roosevelt schools. In 1893 he was elected school com missioner, having about 150 teachers under his supervision. In 1889 he married Myrtle, daughter of Chauncey M. Soule, and they have one son, Clinton B. Mr. Frawley is one of the most popular men of that town and has filled many offices of trust in the towns of Clay and Van Buren. Fickeisen, George, Van Buren, was born in Syracuse, Feb. 22, 1863. His father, Peter, was a native of Germany, and came to the United States in 1852 and settled in Syracuse, where he was a well known contractor and builder. He married Barbara, daughter of Christian Green. Mr. Fickeisen was one of the first volunteer firemen of Syracuse, N. Y. George Fickeisen was educated in Syracuse. In 1880 he went to Baldwinsville and opene'd tonsorial parlors. At the age of twenty-two he married Mary E., daughter of Nicholas White, and they have two children: William C. and Barbara A. Mr. Fickeisen was elected town clerk in 1894, and is one of the leading men of the town. Haynes, William, Van Buren, was born in the town of Van Buren, Feb. 21, 1837, son of Thaddeus, a native of Salina. The family came from England and settled in Salina in 1805, where they engaged in boiling salt. Thaddeus bought a tract of woodland on lot 12 in Van Buren, where his descendants now reside. His sister Betsey was the first white child born in Van Buren. He was a prominent man of the town, receiving the title of colonel in the militia. He served as supervisor for several years. He married Elizabeth Howe for his first wife. He afterwards mar ried Harriet Howe, both daughters of Samuel Howe. Thaddeus died in 1887, aged 80 years. In 1885 William Haynes married Amelia, daughter of Isaiah Harrington, by whom he has four children : La Verne, Hillis, Thaddeus, and Millie. Mr. Haynes is one of the representative farmers of the town. Harrington, Almon W., Van Buren, was born in Van Buren, June 11, 1851. His father, Isaac Harrington, was a native of Otsego Co., and came to the town of Van Buren in 1822, when eight years of age, with his father, Allan Harrington, who was a mason by trade. Isaac Harrington married Celinda, daughter of Simon Rouse, and they had nine children, five of whom are now living. In 1854 he bought the Radford property, to which he afterwards added the adjoining property, where his descendants now reside. Isaac served as poormaster for sixteen years. He died Nov. 4, 1880. Almon, the eldest son, was educated in Baldwinsville and has fol lowed in the footsteps of his father. He was elected poormaster in 1886 and is still filling that position. Harrington, Martin, Van Buren, was born in the town of Van Buren, June 12, 1840. His father, Isaiah Harrington, married Mary J., daughter of John Earll. The family were among the pioneer settlers of Onondaga Co. , and were representative farmers. Martin was educated in the district schools of the town. In 1863 he mar ried Calista, daughter of Alexander and Mary Ann Crum, also of the town of Van Buren, his wife living only about one year and a half. In 1868 he married Margaret, daughter of James and Sarah Sample, by whom he has four children : Mary, Martin, Sarah, and Lois. In 1867 he purchased the Saxon farm near the village of Bald winsville, and has added considerably to it since, and is one of the leading farmers gg 258 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. of the town. In politics he is a Republican, and has taken quite, an active part in town affairs for several years, serving as overseer of the poor for four years and then as assessor for seven years. . In 1893 he was elected supervisor of the town and in 1894 was again elected to serve a term of two years. Hawley, George, Van Buren, was born in Westbury, Wayne Co., April 23, 1839. His father, George, was a native of Albany, and with his father were proprietors of the Eagle Hotel of Albany city for years, the property still being in the hands of his descendants. George Hawley, sr., came to Onondaga Co. in 1820, and having learned the carpenter's trade he engaged in building and for years he took a portion of his pay in grain. He afterwards moved into Wayne Co. and engaged in the mer cantile business at Red Creek and Westbury and was one of the leading business men of the country. He afterwards went to Baldwinsville and was one of the or ganizers and founders of the Baldwinsville State Bank, serving as president up to the time of his death, at the age of 93 years. Geerge, his son, married, in 1863, Ellen Weaver, who died in 1879. Their sons, Frederick, Stephen, Albert, and George, still survive her. In 1880 he married Mrs. Alice Hungerford, daughter of John M. Shoudy, formerly of this town, but now of Kalamazoo, Mich. One child was born to this marriage, Harry J., and Hattie Jane Hungerford, a stepdaughter, died June 16, 1894, aged 18 years. Mr. Hawley is one of the representative farmers of the town, making a specialty of raising tobacco. Isbell, Charles, Van Buren, was born in Garveston, England, in 1839, and came to the United States in 1856. He settled in Marcellus in 1858 ; he then went to Onon daga Hill, where he remained until 1870. He then came to Warners and purchased the John Tylea property, where he now resides. He afterwards purchased part of the Alvah Spaulding property. He married Sarah Matthews, by whom he has one son, Charles M. Mr. Isbell is one of the representative farmers of the town. Ingoldsby, Maynard, Van Buren, was born in the town of Rutland, Jefferson Co. . N.Y., Oct. 23, 1821. Eber Ingoldsby, his father, was a native of Shrewsbury, Mass., and with his parents moved to Washington Co. in 1791. The family trace their descent back to Ebenezer Ingoldsby, who lived in Massachusetts and was of English descent. He was born in 1730 and was a lieutenant in the French war of 1755-61 and afterwards he was a captain in Colonel Cushing's regiment during the Revolutionary war. Eber Ingoldsby held the rank of lieutenant in the war of 1812. He married first, Esther Kniffin, who died in 1816. He then married Zeruiah Phipps. He had a family of eleven children, four of whom are living. John Ingoldsby, the father of Eber, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, serving nearly six years, taking part in the battle of Lexington and others. He came to Onondaga Co. in 1812 and bought the north half of section 27, in the township of Camillus, in 1828, where he was engaged in farming. Maynard Ingoldsby was educated in the common schools and finished at the Baldwinsville Academy, after which he was engaged in farming. In 1861 he married Eliza D., daughter of Girardus Spaulding, and they have four children: Walter, a soldier in the 9th Regulars, U.S.A.; Mrs. Mary Crans, Mrs. Zeedie Taylor, and Irene M. Mr. Ingoldsby is one of the leading farmers of the town. Kennedy, Thomas, Van Buren, was born in Ireland, in the Mount Island Manor, FAMILY SKETCHES. 259 county Tipperary, in 1837 ; came to this country in 1858. He married Miss Johanna J. Kinney, Oct. 10, 1860. In 1868 he bought part of the J. J. Glass estate, where he now resides. In 1893 he bought another farm, and is now one of the most promi nent and successful farmers in Onondaga Co. Mr. Kennedy is a man of sterling character ; although starting in a poor boy, he has by his ability achieved success and accumulated a competence. Kelly, Joel F., Van Buren, was born in the town of Lysander, July 23, 1837. His father, Daniel J., was a native of Massachusetts. He married Nancy Crane. Joel F. was educated in the common schools but has added much by his well chosen read ing and observation. In 1863 he married Ruth M., daughter of Martin L. Weaver. Mr. Kelly is a man of sterling character and takes an active interest in school and church work. He has held the office* of class leader for over twenty years, and first vice-president of the Epworth League since its organization. La Due, Duane, Van Buren, was born in Van Buren, Feb. 12, 1845, son of Brink- erhoff La Due, a native of Dutchess Co. The family are descended from three broth ers who came from France about 1790. Brinkerhoff married' Susan, daughter of J. H. Lamerson, and they had eight children, six of whom are now living. He was en gaged in farming, also was a copper, tin and sheet iron worker. He died in 1883, aged 76 years. Duane was educated in the common schools. In 1877 he married Alice A., daughter of John Kellogg, by whom he has two daughters: Flora and Hattie. In 1885 he moved into the village of Warners, where he has erected 100 or more houses and is one of the most prominent builders and contractors in Onon daga Co. Larkin, Albion J., Van Buren, was born in Ballston, Saratoga Co., N. Y., Oct. 25, 1779. The family were of Scotch descent and came to the United States in 1750. He married Deborah, daughter of Miles Bennett. He came to Onondaga Co. in 1829, and in the following spring purchased a farm. He also learned the carpenter's and builder's trades. He served as supervisor and assessor for several terms. He died in 1877, aged 77 years. In 1868 he and his son, Reuben, purchased the John Lamer- son farm at Warners, where the son now resides, he being the sole survivor of three brothers; he has two sisters living: Mrs. Ann Earll, of Warners, and Mrs. Sidney Blanchard, of Baldwinsville. Lamerson, Sears, Van Buren, was born in the town of Van Buren, July 29, 1828. John H., his father, was a native of Connecticut and one of the first settlers in the town of Van Buren. He married Tammie, daughter of John Sears. John H. learned the blacksmith's trade, which he followed together with farming. Sears Lamerson was educated in the common schools and finished at the Cortland Acad emy. In 1859 he married Sarah L., daughter of William D. Allen, of Palermo, Os wego Co., N. Y., by whom he' has three chiidren: Sears A., John H., and Elmetta. In 1861 Mr. Lamerson purchased the Judge Norton property, where the family now resides. He was a prominent farmer and a well known dealer in live stock. He ,took an active part in school and political works in the town where he resided. He died April 28, 1866, mourned by all who knew him. Marvin, George W. , Van Buren, was born on the homestead farm in Van Buren, Nov. 17, 1842. George W., his father, was a native of Hebron, Conn., and was of 260 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. English and Scotch descent. He came to the town of Van Buren in 1812 and pur chased the farm where his descendants now reside. He married Laura, daughter of Abijah Hudson, by whom he had six children, only two of whom are now living: George W., and Mrs. Emily D. Sherburne. He held many offices of trust and was justice of the peace for many years. Feb. 1, 1872, George W. , jr., married Martha Bisdee, who died in 1890. They had three children: George B., who died in 1892, at the age of 18 years; Warren D., who died in 1881, at the age of 3 years, and Clara L. , who is still living. In 1894 he married Mrs. Mary Gould, daughter of F. L. Em mons. Mr. Marvin is one of the representative men of the town. He has held va rious offices of trust and has served as assessor. O'Brien, Thomas, Van Buren, was born in the southern part of Ireland, Aug. 20, 1838, and while he was still a child his mother died and he removed with his father and sister to Kingston, Canada. They remained only a short time in Kingston and soon settled in Oswego, N. Y. During 1854 the family removed to Baldwinsville, N. Y., where Thomas was educated in the common schools and Baldwinsville Acad emy. In 1864 he enlisted as sergeant in Co. H, of the 185th N. Y. Vols., and served till the close of the war. In 1865 he married Catherine, daughter of Col. Thaddeus Haynes. At the close of the war he returned to the town of Van Buren, and has since devoted his time principally to farming, paying special attention to the raising of tobacco. Mr. O'Brien has served the town of Van Buren as commissioner of high ways and as supervisor. In 1890 he was appointed superintendent of section 1, Oswego Canal, which office he held three years. Spaulding, S. Alonzo, Van Buren, was born in the town of Elbridge, April 13, 1840. His father, Caleb, a native of Connecticut, was one of the first settlers in the town of Elbridge. He married Sophronia, daughter of John Laird. In 1867 Alonzo Spauld ing married Rowena, daughter of Orrin Brewer, who came to the town of Camillus in 1821. Mr. Brewer married Keziah Marshall. The Marshall family came to Ca millus in 1800 and settled on the farm where their descendants now reside. Mr. Brewer was a prominent man of the town and held many offices of trust. In 1890 Alonzo Spaulding purchased the Jerome Whitney property in the town of Elbridge, and in 1892 he purchased the J. Skinner property in the town of Van Buren and now owns over 300 acres of the best farming land in Onondaga Co. Sears, Fred L. , Van Buren, was born in the town of Van Buren, Sept. 21, 1850. His father, James Sears, was born in the town of Van Buren, Dec. 26, 1822. His mother was Hannah (Nichols) Sears, daughter of Rev. Browning Nichols. The Sears family trace their descent back to Richard Sears, of Yarmouth, Mass., who landed there in 1638. They have a full genealogical tree, tracing their . history for nine generations to English ancestry in the year 1500, and were prominent in the early history of Van Buren. Fred L. was married Aug. 29, 1878, to Eunice A.,. daughter of Daniel P. Peck, a man of purity and uprightness, who died June 19, 1879, at the age of 52 years, and Betsey Foster Peck. She was a granddaughter of Peter Peck, who by his genial and sympathetic manner was uncle to all. He came to this town from Sturdy, Vt., by way of Pompey where the family lived for a few years, and at an early age surrounded his home with over 400 acres of valuable land, uniting in marriage with Eunice Beckwith. On the maternal side the grandfather of Mrs. Sears, Delanson Foster, who by reason of his military relations was called FAMILY SKETCHES. 261 captain, was one of the early settlers who helped make the town. Two little girls, Flora and Fanny, are in the home at Warners ; Mrs. Peck also resides there. Mrs. Sears was graduated from Cazenovia Seminary in the class of 1876, taking with her a pleasant souvenir for literary work done in that institution. Mr. Sears was a deep thinker and a fine scholar, for while debarred by reason of ill health from active pur suits, he used thoroughly the means at means at hand for heart and mind culture. His temperance principles were very pronounced and his Christian principles had an every day using. He died March 8, 1889, aged 39 years. Snow, Charles M., Van Buren, was born at Warners, N. Y., May 7, 1838. His father, Franklin Snow, anative of Madison Co., came to Memphis about the year 1830, and learned the blacksmith trade and afterwards moved to Warners. He mar ried Eunice M., daughter of Phineas Barnes, one of the early settlers of the town of Van Buren, and who erected the first frame dwelling house in the present limits of the town. Charles M. was educated in the common schools, supplemented by some instruction at the Munro Collegiate Institute and Jordan Academy. In 1861 he mar ried Marian, daughter of Jonathan Baird, of Lysander, by whom he had three chil dren, two of whom are now living: Frank J. and Mina A. His first wife having died in 1886 he was again married in 1890 to Lucy M. Snow, of Cleveland, Ohio, who died three years later. Mr. Snow is one of the representative men of his town, hav ing held the offices of commissioner of highways, assessor, and supervisor for two terms. Sprague, Benjamin D., Plainville, was born in the town of Van Buren, Oct. 27, 1828, son of Eli, a native of Deerfield, Mass. Eli Sprague married Polly Pulsifer, of the same town, by whom he had five children, two of whom are now living: Stephen, of South Butler, and Benjamin D., of Plainville. In 1812-13 Eli Sprague engaged in the manufacture of salt at Salt Point. He afterwards removed to Warners and engaged in the manufacture of potash. In 1831 he purchased the Nelson Costen property, where his son now resides. He died in 1875, at the age of 84 years. B. D. Sprague married Cordelia, daughter of David Brink. Mr. Sprague is one of the representative farmers of the town. Somers, J. Dean, Van Buren, was born in Clay, June 3, 1862. Joseph M., his father, was a native of Massachusetts and came to Oswego Co. in 1822, but in 1850 came to Onondaga Co. He married Mary B. Knapp, by whom he had four children : Mrs. Dora P. Moyer, Artemus L., Mrs. Harriet H. Van Doren, and J. Dean. J. Dean Somers was educated in the common schools. In 1883 he married Bena, daughter of Jacob Pink, by whom he has two children : Lloyd D. and Frances. Mr. Somers is one of the representative farmers of the town. In 1884 he bought the William Reed farm, making a specialty of dairying and raising tobacco. He is a man of sterling character and takes an intelligent interest in the leading events of the town. Tappan, Lemuel, Van Buren, was born in Y'an Buren, Sept. 7, 1834, a son of Stephen W., a prominent farmer in Van Buren. The family were among the first settlers of the town, coming there in 1750. Stephen W. married Mary A. Pelton, by whom he had seven children, two of whom are now living: Mrs. Noah Resseguie and Lemuel. He died in 1848, aged 45 years, sincerely mourned by all who knew 262 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. him. Lemuel Tappan married Dora M. , daughter of Adam Klotz, by whom he has one daughter, Eunice M. Mr. Tappan resides on the old homestead, which has been in possession of the family for sixty years. He is one of the leading men of the town, taking an active interest, in school work. The subject of this sketch, Michael Tobin, was born in the village of Camillus, county of Onondaga, Sept. 21, 1837. His father, Richard, was a native of the county Cork, Ireland, and came to the United States in 1832 and engaged in the construction of the railroad from Syracuse to Auburn ; he also followed farming. Michael was educated in the public schools within the boundary lines of the present Ninth and Tenth wards of Syracuse which the village of Geddes then embraced and to which the family moved when he was a mere child. He was also tutored in the select schools of Prof. A. G. Salisbury and Henry A. Barnum in the city of Syracuse, after which he became engaged in the tobacco and cigar business with George P. Hier, with whom he remained for eight years. In 1860 he was appointed an officer on the police force of Syracuse, which then only consisted of eight officers and a chief of police. In 1863 he engaged in the manufacture of cigars and was appointed by Secretary of the Treasury William P Fessenden inspector of tobacco and cigars for the 27th Congressional District, then consisting of the counties of Onondaga and Cortland. He was again appointed under Secretary Hugh McCullough, holding the position until after the assassination of President Lincoln, when he resigned, as he could not agree with President Johnson in his famous quarrel with the United States Senate. In 1867 he was appointed one of the Board of Police Commissioners of the city of Syracuse. During his service in office he affirmed that the growth of the city demanded a change from the system then in vogue and through his efforts the pres ent system was organized in the year 1869. In 1882 he moved to Baldwinsville and engaged in the leaf tobacco trade and in the year 1883 erected the large tobacco warehouse bearing his name on Oswego street. In 1885 he was elected president of the New York State Tobacco Growers' Association and was re-elected annually for nine years. Mr. Tobin was called to Washington while the McKinley bill was in course of preparation and drew the section of the tariff bill covering the importation of leaf tobacco and it was endorsed by the Ways and Means Committee. He is an authority on tobacco and an ardent supporter of the interests of tobacco growers. He has done much toward helping them. Mr. Tobin has been a persistent advocate of the principle of protection to American industries since early life, and when the Republican National Convention in 1856 ingrafted that principle in their platform he took a very active part in the campaign for the election of Fremont and Dayton, although he was not old enough to vote, and has been a staunch Republican ever since, frequently representing his party in county and State conventions ; also as chairman of Assembly and County Committees. He has for years devoted more or less of his time to campaign work, endeavoring to advance the interests of his party and uphold its principles. Van Hoesen, Jacob, Van Buren, was born in Preble, Cortland Co., May 18, 1826. His father, Jeremiah, was a native of Athens, Greene Co., N.Y. He married Chris tine Van Denberg, by whom he had seven children, two of whom are now living: Mrs. Eliza Van Camp and Jacob. He followed, farming up to the time of his death in 1870, at the age of 86 years. Jacob was educated in the common schools. In FAMILY SKETCHES. 263 1858 he married Sarah Purdy, by whom he had three children: Frank P., Edwin C, and Anna L. In 1866 Mr. Van Hoesen bought the Abraham Cornell property, where he now resides. He is one of the leading farmers of the town. Brooker, John E., Pompey, was born in Whittenden, Oneida Co., Dec. 22, 1851. a son of Edward and Eleanor (Edwards) Brooker, he a native of England. Edward Brooker came to America in 1844 and settled in Lowell, Mass. He came to Pompey in 1855 and bought the farm now owned by John E. In 1880 he went to Manlius, where he died in 1882 and his wife in 1886. John E. was educated in the Manlius High School and studied telegraphy at Oberlin, O. He made a trip west, but after a year returned and bought the homestead, where he has since been engaged in farming. In 1880 he married Delia A., daughter of James and Mary Tyte of Auburn. The grandparents of .Mrs. Brooker were Thomas and Betsey (Britton) Tyte, who came to New York in 1832 and settled at Leechport. Mr. and Mrs. Brooker have had these children : Arthur G., born in 1881; Bessie G., born in 1883; and Jessie May, born in 1889. Corning, Edwin A., Clay, was born in Columbia Co., April 16, 1831, son of Edwin and Cynthia Corning, the former born in Norwich, Conn, and the latter in Provi dence, R. I. They came to New York State in an early day, and first settled in Columbia Co. The father was a cabinetmaker by trade, which he gave up and bought a farm in Hastings, Oswego Co., in 1837. He remained there until 1863, when he came to Clay and settled on the farm now owned by our subject. He died in 1874, aged 76 years. Our subject always followed farming, now owns a farm of 107 acres, and keeps a dairy of twenty head of cattle. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, Fort Brewster Lodge No. 256, and also of the Grange. Crane, Merritt, Clay, was born in Cicero, March 20, 1840, son of Timothy and Mary A. Crane, the former born in Connecticut, and the latter in Washington Co. At twelve years of age the father came with his parents to Onondaga Co. and settled in Cicero, where he worked at coopering, which business he followed most of his life, and died at the age of 48 years. Our subject is one of three children and now resides on a farm of seventy-five acres of fine land. He married in 1871 Barbara Bard of Cicero, and they have two children: Ada and Myron C. Coughtry, Jacob W., Clay, was born in Albany Co., Jan. 3, 1829, son of John W. and Margaret Coughtry, the latter born in Herkimer Co. and the former in Albany. This family on both sides were old and representative families. Our subject is one of a family of five children: Elizabeth, Arvina, Catherine, Susan and our subject. For thirty years our subject was a manufacturer of cigars.^and at some times em ployed as many as 100 hands. He was compelled to give up that business on account of allowing so much stock to go on credit. He now devotes his time to farming. Subject married first Catherine Ostrander of Herkimer Co., daughter of Henry Ostrander, and they had one son, John W., now in Syracuse. He married second Henrietta, daughter of John Somers, a farmer. Our subject was supervisor of Clay three years. Casler, George S. , Camillus, was born in Herkimer Co., in 1819. He moved to Oswego Co. with his mother when he was eight years old. He learned the black smith trade in Monroe Co., and in 1839 came to Camillus and followed his trade the 264 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. greater part of his life. In 1872 he moved to his present home. His father, Christo pher, died in Herkimer Co. in 1822, and his mother in Elbridge in 1870. In 1841 he married Sarah Losey, of Elbridge. George H., his eldest son, a resident of Chicago, was for about a year in the rebel prison at Andersonville. Florence and another son died in the hospital at Annapolis. Chase, Dr. B. F., Dewitt, was born in Cooper Co., Mo., in 1859, son of Ames W. and Helen (Worden) Chase, natives of Onondaga Co. The father resides at Fayette ville. Dr. Chase graduated from Fayetteville Academy in 1877, from the medical department of the Syracuse University in 1881, and has since been practicing at East Syracuse. He is a member of the Onondaga Co. Medical Society and of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine. In 1886 he married Fanny Belding, who died Dec. 15, 1893, their only child, Glen N. , preceding her Dec. 3, 1893. He was a member of the School Board for three years, during the building of the new school house. Cornell, M. E., Dewitt, proprietor of the Messina Springs Hotel, training stables and track, was born in Onondaga Co. in 1844. He served the last year in the war in Co. A of the 185th Regt. After the war he returned to Syracuse, and was in the hardware business a few years at Fulton and in the livery business also. After this he was trainer at the eighth ward track for several years and in 1890 came to Messina Springs. He generally handles about twenty-five or thirty head of trotting horses. Card, Samuel H. , Onondaga, was born in Columbia, Conn. , in 1830, and came to this town with his parents in 1837. He is a son of William G. and Sophronia Card, who resided in this town until their death. Their children were Mariette, Emeline, Louisa and Samuel H. The latter married Elizabeth Card, and their children are Frank, Marcena and Serenus. Mrs. Card is a daughter of Joseph and Emily Card, whose children were Elizabeth, Mary, Sarah and Celia. Our subject settled on this farm in 1865. Cummings, Joseph W. , of Navarino, is the owner of a fine farm of 114 acres on which he was born (1851). He is a son of Charles and Chloe Cummings, his father having also been born on this farm, and his mother a native of Spafford. Charles was a son of Oliver Cummings of Connecticut, who was the first settler on this farm, coming to this locality about 1790. The barn erected by him is still partly standing, having been in use for 100 years, and was the first frame barn in this part of the county. The farm is now occupied by the fourth generation. Charles and Chloe Cummings had four children : Edward, Esther, Flore and Joseph. The latter mar ried Mary Fellows, by whom he has two children, Mark and Willis. One son is de ceased. Charles Cummings died Dec. 12, 1882, and his widow resides in Michigan. Mrs. Mary Cummings is a daughter of Pulaski and Margaret Fellows, whose children were Henry C, Mark H., George T., Ellen, Giles E., Mary, Alexander, Giles, and Etta. Pulaski Fellows is a son of David, who was among the early settlers. Cossitt, Major Davis, Onondaga. — The first of this family came to America during the seventeenth century from France, and one branch of the family settled in Con necticut. One of his descendants, Martin, grandfather of our subject, settled in Mar cellus in 1794. He was known as Major Cossitt, and his son, Rufus, came to this town in 1818, He was a graduate of Hamilton College, and read law with B. Davis FAMILY SKETCHES. 265 Noxon. He was admitted to the bar and entered into partnership with Mr. Noxon, the firm being Noxon & Cossitt, which partnership continued until the removal of the county offices, when Mr. Noxon went to Syracuse. Major Davis Cossitt was ' born on the farm where he now lives, Oct. 15, 1825, and has always been a resi dent on the place. He bought this farm at the age of seventeen, at heavy expense, and by strict economy and attention to business, cleared the estate of incumbrance entirely through its own proceeds, without outside speculation. He held the office of supervisor of this town three years in succession. In Aug. , 1862, Mr. Cossitt en listed in Co. D, 122d N. Y. Vols. , being the first man to enlist in that company, which he with a few others, was instrumental in raising. He was mustered into the service as lieutenant, which position he held four months, when he was promoted to captain, and was wounded July 12, 1864. He was brevetted major for meritorious Service, and received his discharge in Dec, 1864. Major Cossitt has never fully re covered from the effects of his wound, and was unfit for active work for two year's after the war. He married Mary, daughter of the Hon. George Geddes. She died April 25, 1891, aged 57 years. Case, Seymour, Onondaga, was born in the town of Spafford in 1850, and came to this town in 1870. He is a son of William and Asenath Case, the former a son of Isaac, who came to this county at an early date. Isaac had seven children, as follows: Eunice Olmstead, William, Betsey Howe, Lydia Pickett, Catherine Ide, Aaron, Arvilla Nichols. The children of William and Asenath Case were: Sidney, Martha, Mary, Margaret, George and Seymour. The latter married Elnora Hall, and they have three children: Jesse D., Margaret L. , and Avery D. Case. Case, Frederick H. , Onondaga, was born in this town, educated in the common schools, and is the owner of a farm of seventy-three acres. His father was Alanson Case, who came from Connecticut, and whose father was Daniel Case. Daniel and Marcia, his wife, had three children : George, a physician ; Lucia Eliza, and Laura, who married Holmes Case, who came here from Connecticut in 1810, a son of Amri Case, who built the homestead in 1818. Holmes was the last of that branch of the Case family. Alanson and Phoebe A. Case had these children: George, John, Mary, James, Frederick and Augusta. Frederick Case married Janette Browning, and their children are Holmes, Dempster and Eliza. Mrs. Janette Case is a daughter of Welcome and Eliza Browning, who had these children: Janette, Adelbert, Delphine, Dempster and Mary. Welcome Browning was a son of Hazard, a native of Rhode Island. Cowles, Theodore S., Tully, was born in Fabius, one of three children born to Sedgewick and Mary (Chase) Cowles, the former a native of Connecticut, born in 1797, and the latter of Rhode Island, born in 1800. The paternal grandparents were Isaac and Mary Ann (Brookins) Cowles, and the maternal grandparents were Samuel and Susanna Chase. All were pioneers of the town of Fabius, coming from New England. Isaac Cowles died in 1859. The father of our subject was a child when his parents came to Fabius, and at the age of sixteen he began work at the carpenter's trade, which was his chief occupation through life. In 1848 he bought eighty acres of land in the town of Tully, where he resided about fifteen years, then took up his residence in the village, where he spent his last days, dying Jan, 6, 1880, hll 266 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. His wife died Jan. 15, 1876. Theodore S. was reared on the farm, and this occupa tion he has followed ever since, together with dealing in agricultural implements. He owns the homestead farm, which he rents, and also seventy-five acres which is worked by his son, Elmer. Mr. Cowles remained on the home farm, which he and Lis son carried on in connection with the above mentioned business, until 1890, when he moved into the village of Tully, where he is extensively engaged in handling all kinds of farm tools and machines. He has been for fifteen years engaged with the Falkner & Sweet Co. , but can furnish all makes of implements or machines. In 1863 he married Mary E. Waters, born in Fabius in 1842, a daughter of David Waters, an early settler of that town. They have had one son, Elmer, born Oct. 18, 1868, who married Bertha A. Bliss, and has one son, Ralph E. ; and Ella May, born Dec. 17, 1865, wife of William Hall, a postal clerk, of Syracuse. They have two daughters, Marion and Elma. Mrs. Cowles died in 1886, and he married second Susan, widow of Hiram Abbott, of Tully. Clark, Erastus, Tully, was born in Fabius in July, 1837, one of ten children of Erastus and Almira (Kinney) Clark, who came from the New England States to Onondaga Co. with their parents when they were young, Jabez and Lydia Clark having been pioneers of the town of Fabius, settling in what has since been known as Clark Hollow, where they died. Erastus, our subject, was educated in the com mon schools of Fabius, and followed farming in La Fayette, where he was located four years. He then lived a short time in Tully, and in 1867 bought the farm of 105 acres in this town, where he now lives. In 1862 he married Ann Eliza, daughter of Samuel and Rachel Willis (see biography), and they have had three children: Nettie, wife of Adelbert Fellows, who has one son, John ; George E. , who married Harriet Moon and has two children: Ralph and Mary A.; and Samuel, who lives at home. Clark, William H., Spafford, was born in Spafford, March 31, 1840, a son of Amasa P. and Lydia (Bingham) Clark, the former of Northampton, Mass., and the, latter of Solon, N. Y. Amasa P. came early to Cortland Co., and in 1836 came to this town, where he died in 1874, aged 75 years. His wife died in 1875, aged 75 years. The maternal grandfather was Judge Johnson Bingham, born in Canterbury, Conn., in 1874, who came to Cortland Co., where he died. His wife, Anna Johnson, also of Connecticut, died in Solon, N. Y'. , in 1865, aged 102 years 11 months and 15 days. Judge Bingham planted the first apple nursery in the county. He died in 1843, William H. Clark followed farming until 1886, when he engaged in the hay and pro duce business, also handling fertilizers. He came to Borodino in 1890, where he has served as highway commissioner and taken a prominent part in local affairs. He is an Odd Fellow and an Alliance man. He married in 1860 Christiana Barnes, daughter of Harvey and Avalinda (Holmes) Barnes, of this State, the father having come to this town in his youth, and the mother came with her parents in an early day. Harvey Barnes died in 1891, aged 87, and his widow lives with her daughter, Mrs. Clark, at the age of 8.4 years. Callender, Francis R. , Spafford, was born in Marcellus, Feb. 24, 1863, a son of Richard and Mary A. (Flicks) Callender, he a native of Marietta, born in 1822, and his wife of Dutchess Co., born in 1826. The grandfather, Richard Callender, was a native of Ireland, who came to America when a boy, and spent most of his days in Henrietta, where he died. Richard, jr., resided in Marcellus, and there died May FAMILY SKETCHES. 207 12. 1891. and his widow resides with Francis R. The latter was educated in Munro Academy, at Elbridge, and has engaged in agriculture, now owing 300 acres of fine land, where he has resided since 18>4 He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and of the Alliance at Thorn Hill. In 1*88 he married Jennie M. Tripp, who was educated at Skaneateles, a daughter of Dr. Y. D. Tripp of Spafford, and their chil dren are: Flora M., born Dec. 17. ls8*. and Russell V., born Sept. 24. 1890. Clough, William A., Pompey, was born in Fabius, April 20, 1817, a son of Daniel and Lucy i Andrews) Clough, also of Fabius. The grandparents were Abel and Sallie Clough, who came from Connecticut, and were early settlers of Fabius. Daniel died in 1864, aged 64, and his wife in 1873. aged 72. Our subject. William C was edu cated in the public schools and engaged in farming, but about 1864 sold his property in Fabius and came to Pompey. buying 100 acres. This he sold later and bought the farm of 200 acres which he now owns. Mr. Clough has been a successful farmer, following dairying chiefly. He retired from farming and went to Fabius. residing there ten years, but at the death of his wife returned to Pompey, and still resides there. April 19, 1843. he married Elizabeth Thompson of Fabius, by whom he had four children: Emma, who died aged 16; Thaddeus. general insurance agent, at Syracuse, and now supervisor of the Eleventh ward. He married Kate Loomis. and has three children : Marian, Frank and Ernest. Charles is a farmer on the home stead farm, which he works, and is also an insurance agent. He married Kate Grimes, and has five children: Arthur, George, Mary, Roy and Leslie. William M. is a farmer in Pompey. He married Nellie Jennings, and has five children: Louise, Ralph, Earl, Daniel and Mark. Mrs. Clough died Nov. 5, 1857. and he married, second, Clarissa Chancey, who died Sept. 26. 1887. aged 81. Carpenter, Henrv S., Pompey was born in Pompey, March 2u. 1S:!9. a son of Elisha and Louisa A. (Duguid) Carpenter, and a grandson of Nathaniel. Elisha came to Pompey at the age of eight years, and there lived and died. -He was a painter, and one of the leading farmers of Pompey, serving as assessor and collector. Our sub ject was reared on the farm, educated in the common schools, and has devoted his time to farming, having 143 acres of land, which he purchased in 1875, and keeping a dairy of twenty-five cows. At present he resides in Manlius village. In 1869 he married Hannah, daughter of William Hunt of Pompey, and they have had three children: Delmer H. , who is now working his father's farm; Lena M. and Louie. Mr. Carpenter has been trustee of schools for about fourteen years, and both himself and wife are members of the Grange. He is a breeder of standard bred horses, Hambletonians, Morgans and Normans. Clark, Jerome, La Fayette, was born in Fabius, Feb. 8. 1831, a son of Erastus and Almira (Kinnev) Clark, mentioned in this work. Jerome was educated in the public schools, and remained at home until about the age of twenty -three, when he began farming on shares, and in 1863 came to La Fayette, and bought his present farm of 180 acres, where he follows general farming and dairying. In 180U he married Nancy, daughter of Darius and Charlotte (Everingham) Hamilton. Mr. Hamilton came from Massachusetts in an early day, and died here in 1878. Mr. and Mrs. Clark have had two children: Edwin, born Nov. 8. 1801. who married Y'iola Green, and has three children: Ella, Claud and Elmer. He lives in Fabius; and Emma J., born 268 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Sept. 13, 1872, married Albert Gage of this town, and has one daughter, Ethel, born in 1894. Case, Isaac, Fabius, was born in Pompey, April 13, 1819, a son of Norris and Martha (Olcott) Case of Connecticut, the former having come to Pompey when a young man, and engaged in farming, where he died April 18, 1819, and his widow Sept. 23, 1848. He was one of the pioneers of Pompey, where he cleared a farm out of the wilderness. At one time he had a desperate encounter with a bear, which threw him to the ground. He succeeded in keeping the animal from injuring him seriously until a man by the name of Canfield Marsh came and killed the bear with an axe. He was also a soldier in the war of 1812. Our subject lost his father soon after his birth. They remained on the farm eleven years, then removed to La Fayette, where Isaac was successful in obtaining employment and accumulating the nucleus of his future fortune. He bought and sold various property, but has also met with many losses, one fire damaging him to the extent of $7,000, and he has also lost money through trying to assist others. He has been three times married, first in 1840 to Selora Olcott, by whom he had one son, Janies, a farmer in Fabius. He married Mary Hagerty, and they had six children : Frank, who died in infancy ; Frank (sec ond) who died aged 6 years ; Isaac, Ella, Sumner and Owen. Mrs. Case died in 1866, and he married (second) Margaret Hagerty, who died a few months afterward (April 26, 1868). He married (third) Sylvia (Beach) Bellinger of North Norwich, and they have four children : Lydia J. , wife of M. Davenport, who has a daughter, Edith ; Eva, Roscoe, and Ada M., a teacher at North Norwich. In politics Mr. Case is a Republican, and the family are members of the Baptist Church. Campbell, Fred P. , Fabius, was born in Fabius, Nov. 15, 1869, a son of Charles and Martha (Paul) Campbell, natives of Chenango Co. and Fabius respectively. The grandfather, Squire Campbell, resided in Chenango Co., where he died. Charles Campbell came to Fabius in 1867, where he resided until 1894, then removed to Spaf ford, where he now lives. Mrs. Campbell died in 1879. Fred P. is the owner of 122 acres of fine land, and follows farming, keeping twenty cows, and devoting most of his time to dairying. The maternal grandfather, Robert Paul, a native of Dublin, Ireland, came to America in 1834, and his widow now resides with our subject, at the age of 82 years. Corey, Millard F., Fabius, was born in Cuyler, Cortland Co., March 11, 1841, ason of Wanton and Mary A. (Blanchard) Corey, he a native of Cuyler, born in 1817, and she born in 1827. The grandfather, Wanton Corey, sr. , came from Connecticut to Cortland Co. when a young man, and he married Deborah Morse, the ceremony being the first to take place in Cortland. Deborah was a daughter of David Morse, a soldier of the Revolution, who received a grant of 640 acres of land in Cortland Co. Wanton Corey, sr., died in Cortland Co. at the age of 94. His son, Wanton, jr., was a prominent citizen, and served in various town offices. He died in 1893, aged 76, and his wife in 1888, aged 61. Our subject was reared on a farm, educated in De Ruyter Academy, and has taken up farming, though he followed his trade of cheesemaking for fifteen years. In 1885 he came to Fabius, where he has since re sided. He owns 150 acres of land, devoted to dairying, and also owns his father's place in Cuyler, comprising sixty acres. He served as collector and constable in Cuyler. Dec. 24, 1872, he married Melora Thompson, born in Otselic, Chenango FAMILY SKETCHES. 269 Co., Sept. 13, 1844, a daughter of William and Irena (Fifield) Thompson. Mr. and Mrs. Corey have had three children : Fred W. , born Feb. 16, 1845 ; Rena M. , born June 18, 1876; and Bertie E., born Jan. 12, 1882. Clark, Myron H., Fabius, was born in Fabius, March 28, 1857, a son of H. H. and Elizabeth (Sherwood) Clark, mentioned in this work. He was reared on the farm, educated in the common schools and Cazenovia Seminary, and has followed farm ing since completing his studies. He owns 103 acres and is also engaged with the Fabius Creamery Company. In 1887 he married Eliza Corcoran, of Fabius, a daugh ter of Michael Corcoran, and they have had two children : May B. and Louie. Couch, Orel D. , Fabius, was born in Fabius, Dec. 25, 1848, one of twelve children of Leonard and Nancy (Patrick) Couch, natives of Connecticut and Pennsylvania, respectively. The grandfather was Chester Couch, who came to Fabius in 1814, married, and reared six children. Leonard died in Fabius in 1871 and his wife in 1887. Orel D. was born and reared on the farm, educated in the public schools, and is a cheesemaker by trade. He followed this business until 1888, then purchased the farm of 115 acres which he now owns and devoted his attention mainly to dairy ing. He married first Frances M. Waters, by whom he had two children who died in infancy. Mrs. Couch died in 1874 and he married second, Josephine Fairbanks of Fayetteville. Mr. and Mrs. Couch adopted one child, Ethel P. Fairbanks, who died at the age of 7, in 1891. Conrad, Charles H., Van Buren, was born in Lysander, Feb. 3, 1860. His father, John, was a native of Germany and came to the United States in 1846, and engaged in farming and the manufacture of cigars. Charles H. was educated at the Bald winsville Academy, after which he returned to his father's farm. In 1891 he came to Warners and purchased the store owned by A. L. Spaulding, and is now carrying one of the largest and best selected stocks of dry goods, boots and shoes, imported and domestic groceries, in Warners. In 1881 he married Cynthia, daughter of Daniel Peck, by whom he has one daughter, Grace E. Mr. Conrad is the leading business man of the town. Crego, Ira L., Van Buren, was born in Onondaga Co. in 1824. His father, Stephen, was one of the first settlers of Onondaga Co., and followed farming. In 1849 Ira L. married Charlotte, daughter of John Bowman, who was one of the first settlers of Y^an Buren. They have two sons: Allan B. and Burton I. Ira L. died in 1865, aged 40 years, leaving his wife and children to carry his many plans to completion, which with unexpected business ability they have been able to do. His death was not only a loss to his family, but to all who knew him. Crego, Allan, Van Buren, was born in Y'an Buren, March 1, 1858. His father, Ira L., was one of the early settlers and prominent men of the town. Allan Crego was educated in the common schools. In 1883 he married Emma, daughter of Isaac Harrington, and they have four sons: Howard, George, Bowman, and Harold. In 1885 he bought the Rufus Sears property, where he now resides. Mr. Crego is one of the representative farmers of his town, taking an active interest in church and school work. Clark, C. W., Skaneateles, was born in Skaneateles in 1863, a son of Edwin, one of 270 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL the oldest settlers in the town, who came here in 1835. Edwin Clark married Esther Parsons, of Northampton, Mass., by whom he had three children : Edward L., Nellie P., and C. W. The former is a teacher, the daughter resides at home, and C. W. Clark is engaged in farming. He is also secretary of the Farmers' Club of Skaneate les, in which he fakes an active interest. He married Agnes Gibbs of Skaneateles, and has four children: Annie M., Mary E., Charles P. and Ellen E. Mr. and Mrs. Clark are both members of the Presbyterian church of this town. Conover, S. D., Skaneateles, was born in Skaneateles, Feb. 27, 1833, son of Zail and Mary (Shuler) Conover. Zail Conover was a farmer and one of the earliest set tlers in Skaneateles. He died at the age of 72. S. D. Conover received a common school education and then went to farming, which he has since continued. He re tired from his farm in 1875 and came to live in the village of Skaneateles. He now merely superintends the cultivation of his farm. He has served as assessor, town anditor, and was appointed by the State superintendent of public works to look after the State property and to regulate the flow of water for the use and benefit of the Erie Canal. He married Harriet E. Berry, of Borodino, by whom he has three chil dren: Frank B., Jennie and Carrie. Crum, Thomas B., Baldwinsville, was born in the town of Van Buren, July 17, 1841, son of Daniel, a native of Haverstraw, Rockland Co. , N. Y. The family came origi nally from Scotland. Daniel Crum married Roxana Phinney, and settled in Camil lus in 1825. Here he purchased a farm, where he remained until his death. Thomas B. Crum was educated in the common schools. At an early age he was obliged to take charge of the farm on account of his father's ill health. In 1874 he came to Baldwinsville, still conducting the farm business. In 1880 he engaged in the lumber and coal business, but in 1888 he disposed of his interest in the lumber business, and now devotes his time entirely to the coal business, handling 2,500 tons per year. He married Josephine, daughter of William Albright, by whom he has one daughter: Mabel L. Mr. Crum is one of the representative business men of the town. He is actively engaged in school and church work. Clark, Napoleon B., Baldwinsville, was born in the town of Onondaga, Nov. 20, 1816. His father, James Clark, was born at Windsor, Conn., Nov. 20, 1765, and in 1800 came to the town of Marcellus and engaged in farming. In 1820 he went to the town of Salina and engaged in the manufacture of salt. Jan. 3, 1792, he married Eunice Payson, who died in 1805. He afterward married Sarah Crane and of a large family of children, N. B. is the only one surviving. Napoleon B. is a self-made and self-educated man. He spent his early years at Salt Point, being engaged in the manufacture of salt. In 1843 he came to the town of Lysander and purchased a wood lot, which he cleared and still owns. He married Alpha A., daughter of Russell Adsit, and they have three children: Reuben C, J. Arthur, and Mrs. Alice O. Adsit. Mrs. Clark died Dec. 16, 1887. In 1875 Mr. Clark retired from farming and came to Baldwinsville, where he purchased the block now known as the H. B. Clark block. He has been assessor for a number of years. Clark, Elijah Park, Baldwinsville, was born in the town of Onondaga, April 1, 1843. His father, Lemuel G., was a native of Vermont and came to Onondaga Co. in 1812, settling near the Indian -Reservation. He married Lavina, daughter of John FAMILY SKETCHES. 271 Riddell, having a family of eleven children, seven of whom are living. Lemuel G. was a prominent farmer and hop dealer of the town, he died in 1867 in his 93d year. Elijah P. was educated in the Onondaga Academy. In 1862 he enlisted in the 3d N. Y. Cavalry under Captain Cole, afterwards General Cole, it being the first regiment of cavalry to be mustered into the service. He took part in the battles of Ball's Bluff, Winchester, and was wounded at Cold Creek' and afterwards at Kingston. He was discharged June 17, 1865, returning to his father's farm. At the age of twenty-three he married Zilpha, daughter of Stephen Mercer, and they have three children: Stephen L., Mrs. Mary L. Walker, and Josephine C. Clark. In 1858 Mr. Clark en gaged in the milling business at Onondaga Valley. In 1880 the firm of Clark, Mer cer & Co. was formed, merchant millers, of Baldwinsville. He has been identified with the best interests of the town. In 1891 he was elected president of the village. Clement, Ozias, Manlius, was born near the village of Kirkville, June 26, 1823. The paternal grandfather was Stephen Clement, who was a native of Dutchess Co. and came to Bridgewater, where he lived a few years and from there removed to Jefferson Co. He was the father of four sons and one daughter. Frederick, the fourth son and father of Ozias, was born in Bridgewater, June 27, 1799, and came to Onondaga Co. in 1820, settling where Dewitt now is, where he remained one year. In the spring of 1825 he bought a farm near East Syracuse, where he lived for six years. After this he kept a store at Manlius Center for two years and then bought fifty acres on lot 45, where he remained two years. He then sold tnis to take charge of work on construction of the N. Y. C. R. R. In 1845 he moved on to the farm where Ozias now lives, and died June 21, 1881, aged 82 years. The maternal great grandfather, Silas Patten, bought 100 acres of land in 1798, which is still in posses sion of his descendants. The grandfather of Ozias, Burr Malley, then resided on the place and his daughter, Olive, was the mother of Ozias. Frederick and Olive Clement had seven children, of whom Thomas B., president of the First National Bank, at Faribault, Minn. ; and Ozias, are the only ones living. Ozias was educated in the common schools of his native town and at Cazenovia Seminary. After leav ing school he was constable for one year. He followed farming on the old homestead until 1870, when he was elected supervisor. He was re-elected the following year and again in 1880-1. He conducted a store in Fayetteville m 1855, then resumed farming. He is the only one of the commissioners of the soldier's monument now living. May 3, 1870, he married Jennie, daughter of Thomas Flint, of Manlius. Mr. Clement has a lieutenant's commission granted over fifty years ago by Silas Wright and one from Governor Fenton as captain in the Home Guards. Cropsey, Smith D. , Manlius, was born in the town of Cazenovia, March 27, 1827. John G. , his father, was a farmer, and Smith was reared on a farm. John G. was twice married, and Smith was the youngest of six children of his first wife. Smith D. was educated in the common schools of his native town. He has always been en gaged in farming. For two years he conducted a farm in Dickson, 111., but returned to New York State in 1855. Dec. 20, 1856, he married Melvina, daughter of George Woodworth, a farmer of Madison Co. In 1857 he bought a farm of 170 acres in the town of Manlius, where he ever after made his home. He has made many improve ments, and now he has one of the nicest homes in the county. He and his family always attended the Baptist Church at Fayetteville. He died May 27, 1894, leaving 272 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. his wife and one daughter to mourn his loss. His daughter is the wife of John Har wood, a wood engraver of Syracuse. Mrs. Harwood is one of the leading soprano singers in Syracuse. Chase, Barndwill, Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, Feb. 24, 1817. Na than, his father, was a native of Schoharie Co. , born in the town of Duanesburg. He was educated in the common schools, then worked on his father's farm. He had a farm of fifty acres, which he sold in 1798, and came to Onondaga Co. He located in the town of Manlius, where he bought and cleared twenty-five acres of land. In 1803 he turned this farm in trade for the purchase of 100 acres, where he lived up to the time of his death, which occurred Dec. 20, 1826, at the age of 58 years. Always a hard worker ; he has often put up seven cords of wood from sunrise to sunset. Mary C. , his wife, was a daughter of George Crownhardt, aide-de-camp to General Washington. She was born April 26, 1772, and died Aug. 20, 1858. Seven children were born of this union, of whom Barndwill is the only one now living. He was educated in the common schools, and has added much to his knowledge by an ex tensive course of reading. He lived on the old homestead until 1858, when he sold it, and the next year bought a small place adjoining, which by his industry he has increased until now he has a fine farm of twenty-eight acres. He has always fol lowed farming, with the exception of five years devoted to boating. June 11, 1861, Mr. Chase married Margaret, widow of Gilbert Shall. She died May 20, 1889. Mr. Chase conducts a general line of farming and finds a market for his produce in Syra cuse. Coe, Ralph E., Manlius, was born in Oneida, Madison Co., July 9, 1853. Eli A., his father, was born in the town of Smithfield, Madison Co., April 1, 1820. He was educated in the common schools, and has made his principal business farming. While living in Oneida he conducted a bakery and candle manufactory for three years. In 1865 he came to the town of Manlius, where he bought a farm of 110 acres, which he increased to 141 acres. He is still living in Kirkville. His wife, Nancy Ellen wood, was also a native of Madison Co., and died in 1867. Four children were born of this union : Minnie A , wife of David S. Hoag, a farmer of Manlius ; M. Bur ton, merchant and farmer, of Kirkville; Dr. Milton F., was a physician of Chicago at the time of his death, which occurred at the age of 30 years, and Ralph E. The latter was educated in the common schools and at Cazenovia Seminary. After leav ing school he engaged in farming. He was a partner of his father when on the farm, but is now proprietor of the farm. This is one of the best farms in Manlius, and in 1877 Mr. Coe erected a beautiful residence, which makes it one of the most delightful homes in the county. t He is a member of Fayetteville Grange No. 510. In 1877 Mr. Coe married Jennie F., daughter of D. B. Dean of Manlius, by whom he has two children: R. Guy, aged 14 years, and Milton D., aged 12 years. Carr, Parker Starr, Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, March 11, 1842. He was educated in the common schools and Oneida Conference Seminary of Cazenovia. After leaving school he entered the law office of Sedgwick, Andrews & Kennedy, with whom he remained until 1866. He was admitted to .the bar Oct. 5, 1864. He practiced one year in Cazenovia, then became a partner with Stephen D. Dillaye in Syracuse. This firm existed for one year, then Mr. Carr removed to Fayetteville, where he has been in active practice. In 1869 he was elected school commissioner, FAMILY SKETCHES. 273 which office he held for six consecutive years, being re-elected in 1872. Nov. 17, 1888, he was appointed justice of the peace, which office he has since held. In 1894 he was appointed member of the Board of Education. Mr. Carr has acquired a rep utation as a lecturer with illustrations second to none. He has traveled extensively through Europe and the United States. He is a member of the Masonic order. He is trustee and treasurer of the Fayetteville Cemetery Association, also trustee of the Baptist Church. In 1869 Mr. Carr married Frances P. Kingsley of Madison Co., by whom he has one daughter, Florence E. Cramer, Jacob, Manlius, was born in Syracuse, Sept. 11, 1841. Leo Cramer, his father, was a native of Germany, and came to this country in 1839, bringing his wife and two children, locating in Syracuse. He was a blacksmith by trade, but engaged in boiling salt. He died Sept. 13, 1841. His wife, Martha Sharer, a native of Ger many, died December 13, 1866, aged 64 years. Of this union four children were born : Catherine, married Peter Afolder of Manlius, and died in 1854 ; Pauline, wife of John Shandorf, a farmer of Manlius Station ; Laney, wife of Pierce Ball, a farmer of Dewitt, and Jacob. The last two named are twins. Jacob was educated in the common schools of Manlius. He then engaged as water carrier on the railroad. From that he advanced to brakeman on the work train, and in Sept., 1862, he be came a fireman, which position he held for five years. Jan. 7, 1867, he was made engineer, which position he has held ever since. He has worked his way up gradu ally, first being on the freight, then accomodation, from that to express, and now takes care of the crippled cars in the Dewitt yard, one of the most desirable positions of the N. Y. C. R. R. Mr. Cramer is a member of Division 14 of Utica Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. Feb. 20, 1865, he married Mary A. , daughter of Joseph and Caroline Christ, of this town. They have four children: William L., fireman on the N. Y. C. R. R. ; Martha N., living at home; Joseph J., also fireman on the N. Y. C. R. R., and Carrie A., a student of Manlius Station school. Mr. Cramer has run an engine for this company since 1867, and has never had an accident, never called before the company and never discharged or suspended. Bench, James, Skaneateles, was born in England, in Oct., 1822, son of William and Ann Bench. He came to Ira, Cayuga Co., when twelve years of age, then came to Skaneateles and learned the tin business, at which he continued until 1848, when he went into the hardware business. Since that period his business has been increasing continuously, until now he occupies the finest and largest store in the town. He carries a full line of builders' and blacksmith hardware, also paints, oils, etc. He also carries on the plumbing and gas fitting business, and manufactures goods from tin, sheet iron and copper. This business was built up entirely through the energy and enterprise of Mr. Bench. He is considered as one of the foremost business men of Skaneateles. He has two children, Mary F., and George C, who is in business with his father. Bright, William J., Skaneateles, was born in Pennsylvania, Aug. 31, 1844, son of William J. and Susan C. Bright. He received a common school education in Oneida Co. He then enlisted in the 146th N. Y. Vols, and served until the close of the war. He was in twenty-one engagements. After the close of the war he went to New York and engaged in business there for twenty years. In 1886 he came to U 274 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Skaneateles, where he is now engaged in farming. Mr. Bright has been successful in getting up a soldiers' monument, having secured the necessary subscriptions to complete it. It now stands a monument to the soldier, the people who erected it, and to Mr. Bright, whose energy carried the enterprise through. He married Belle Eggleston, of Marcellus Falls, by whom he has one daughter, Bessie B. Barrow, John D. , Skaneateles, was born in New York city. He has maintained his residence in Skaneateles since 1844. Mr. Barrow has taken great interest in the history of the county and town, and has collected considerable and valuable historical matter. He delivered the centennial address July 4, 1876. Mr. Barrow is an artist, both in portraiture and landscape, although at the present time he has virtually retired from active work. He has never been married. Button, S. K, Cicero, was born in Montgomery Co., N. Y., Oct. 17, 1821, son of Hamilton Button, who was born in this State. Hamilton came to Cicero from Van Buren in 1832. He was a tanner and currier, but later he devoted his time to farming. He died at the age of 45. He married Elizabeth Cloud, by whom he had eight children, four of whom are living, Catherine, Elizabeth, Crowell, and S. K. , who has always followed farming, owns a farm of seventy-two acres, mostly under cultivation. He married Maria Van Wagner, by whom he has two children : Eliza beth and Cornelia. He has been town assessor for eighteen years. He enlisted Sept. 5, 1864, in the 15th N. Y. Engineers and served until the close of the war. He is a member of Saunders Post, G. A. R. Baum, Benjamin Franklin, Cicero, one of ten children of Isaac and Mary (Dox- tater) Baum, was born in the town of Cicero on the farm which he now owns, April 15, 1837. Isaac was one of the foremost men of the town, having been supervisor of the town, also superintendent of the penitentiary for six years. He was born in Danube, Herkimer Co. Benjamin F. first married Elsie Van Alstine, who died soon after. He then married her sister, Mary. They were the daughters of Daniel Van Alstine. By his second wife Mr. Baum had these children: Nellie, Elsie, Johanna and Franklin. Blynn, Frances, Cicero, is a widow of the late Dr. Blynn, of Cicero, who was born in Columbia Co. N. Y. When a small boy his parents moved to Rose, Wayne Co. , where he attended the district schools. From here he went to the academy at Sand Hill, Washington Co. ; after graduating from there he entered the Medical College at Albany. Later he entered the Long Island Hospital College, from which he graduated and received his diploma in 1866. He began his practice in Cicero in 1868, where he remained until his death in 1883. He enlisted as a private, but was promoted to major. In 1870 he married Frances Douglass, daughter of Joseph Douglass, of Cicero. Dr. Blynn was a member of the Masonic Lodge 648 at Center ville. At his death he was examining surgeon of the Empire Mutual Aid Asso ciation. Barker, Rev. Benjamin F., Onondaga, retired (M. E.) clergyman and farmer, is the owner of one of the representative farms of the county, a place consisting of 160 acres. He was born in Berkshire, Tioga Co. , May 10, 1829, and was educated in Onondaga Academy, Cazenovia Seminary, and graduated from Yale College with Chauncey M. Depew, Judges D, H, Brown and David J. Brewer, of the U. S. Supreme FAMILY SKETCHES. 275 Court. He has been principal of Fayetteville and Onondaga Academies, and in 1859 joined the Oneida Conference. He was presiding elder of the Oswego District pf the Northern Conference. He spent the summer of 1878 in European travel, and retired from active ministry in 1883, since which he has devoted much of his time to the care of his farm. His parents were Cicero and Mary (Satterly) Barker, who had four children: John S., Esther L., Benjamin F., and William H. The father was one of the first settlers of the town, and a son of John Barker, a soldier in the Revolution. Rev. B. F. Barker married Eliza M. Kinnie, daughter of Elbridge Kinnie, of Dewitt, and they have four children: Albert F. , Vincent K., Grace E., and Elbridge. Balcomb, John J. , Onondaga, son of John, who early settled in this county. He is a veteran of the war of the Rebellion, having enlisted in 1861 in Co. C, 3d Minne sota Vols., from which he was discharged on account of sickness in 1862. He re- enlisted afterwards in Co. F, 15th N. Y. Vols., serving till his honorable discharge at the expiration of his term of service. Mr. Balcomb is a Mason of Lodge 552, Marcellus, and is the owner of the Cedarvale Roller Mills. These mills were form erly known as the Allen mills and later as the Grout mills. John, father of our sub ject, purchased them of a Mr. Montfeeder, and later they passed into the hands of John J. Balcomb. The latter was one of a family of eight children, as follows: George, Edelfida, John J., Albert, Marcus, Arthur, Mary, and Irving. Our sub ject married Edna E. Beebe, and they have two children : Edith and Bertha. Ballard, William J. , Onondaga, was born in Onondaga in 1847, a son of William Ballard, a native of England, who settled in this town in an early day. William and Harriet Ballard had these children: Jane, Stephen, Alfred, and William J. The latter married Franc White, a daughter of George A. and Hannah C. White, whose children were as follows : Franc, George A. , and Charles G. Mr. and Mrs. White were among the first settlers of this town, the grandfather, Royal White, hav ing been the first to settle on the farm now owned by our subject. He came from Connecticut and took up a large tract of land. Butler, Thomas I., Tully, was born in Preble, Cortland Co., Aug. 26, 1867, the third of four children of Roscoe and Catherine (Gleason) Butler, he a native of Preble, born in 1835, and his wife a native of Ireland. The grandfather of Thomas I. was Thomas, a native of Connecticut, who came to Preble in a very early day, and there lived most of his days, though he died in Tully. The father of our subject was prominent in local affairs, having served as assessor fifteen years, besides other offices. He died in 1886, and his wife resides in Cortland. Thomas I. was educated at the Homer Academy, and followed farming until 1890, when he engaged as a clerk in Tully for P. K. Barker and W. L. Stone, and in 1894 purchased the store he now owns of W. L. Stone, where he carries a full line of groceries and crockery. Mr. Butler is a Good Templar, and has always been an ardent temper ance advocate. Blaney, Seward H., Tully, was born in Tully, July 27, 1843, a son of Lewis H. and Elvia L. (Chase) Blaney. Lewis H. was born in Nashua, Rensselaer Co., in 1813, and his wife in Tully in 1814. The paternal grandparents, John and Sarah Blaney, were early settlers of Rensselaer Co. , where the former died, his wife having died 276 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. later in Homer, where she resided with her son William. John was a soldier in the war of 1812. The father of our subject came to Tully in 1835 and settled on the farm now occupied by Seward H. Here he died in April, 1889, and his wife in 1894. Seward H. was reared on the farm and educated in the common schools and Homer Academy. He has followed farming with the exception of a short time spent in the meat market at Tully. He and his sister, Marcia F. , now possess the homestead, where they carry on general farming. Both are members of the Grange, and he be longs to the K. of P. Bliss, William Y., Tully, a native of Georgia, Vt., was born April 17, 1853, one of four children of Cornelius V. and Marion (Newman) Bliss, the former a prominent merchant of Georgia for about thirty-five years. He was also a leading politician of that town, where he held many offices of public trust, including that of sheriff. He died July 9, 1872, and his wife resides on the old homestead, which has been in the possession of the family for over 100 years, the place being now owned by her son, Fred W. William was reared in the village of Georgia, Vt., where he attended the academy and the Johnson State Normal School of Vermont and he followed teaching twelve years, being superintendent of schools in Georgia four years. He attended the Medical University of Iowa one year and graduated from the University Medical School of Vermont in 1879, practicing in Hyde Park from 1879 to 1885, after which he located at Borodino and was endorsed and approved by Syracuse University in 1885. In 1889 he came to Tully and took the place of Dr. George W. Earl, having now a fine practice. He is a member of the K. of P. of Tully, No. 246. In Jan., 1885, he married Fannie W. Barrows of Waterville, Vt. , by whom he has two chil dren : Lulu M. and Carol F. Barker & Leonard, Physicians and Surgeons, Tully. — This firm is composed of George E. Barker and William H. Leonard. Mr. Barker was born in Spafford, May 2, 1848, a son of William C. and Betsey A. (Knapp) Barker. William C. was a son of Cooper Barker, who came from Washington Co. to Spafford in an early day. Dr. Barker was educated in Homer Academy, and graduated from the Cleveland Homoeopathic Medical College in 1875, beginning practice in his native town. Soon, however, he went to Truxton, where he practiced seven years, and later went to Tully, where he has resided ever since. He is a member of the Odd Fellows, Preble Lodge, K. of P., No. 246, of Tully. In 1872 he married Helen E., daughter of Owen Westcott, now the oldest citizen in the town of Tully. Mrs. Barker died in Feb. , 1892. Dr. Leonard was born in Ithaca in 1868, a son of William H. and Sarah A. (Miller) Leonard of Ithaca. The father of William H. was Levi, a son of one of the earliest settlers of that town. Dr. Leonard graduated at the Keystone Academy of Factory ville, Pa., and in 1891 from the New York Homoeopathic Medical College. He practiced in Cortland for a year, then came to Tully and formed a partnership with Dr. Barker, the firm having continued since that time. Sept. 2, 1891, he mar ried Susie E. Hankins, of Hankins, Sullivan Co., N.Y., her great-grandfather having been one of the earliest settlers there, where he was killed by the Indians. Burroughs, Smith, Tully, was born in Otisco, Nov. 28, 1822, the oldest of four children of Ira and Marinda Burroughs, natives of Saratoga Co. and of Massachusetts re spectively. He was a son of Porter Burroughs of Connecticut, whose father was John Burroughs, a Scotchman who settled there in an early day, and came to Otisco FAMILY SKETCHES. 277 in 1812, where he died. He served in the war of 1812. The father of Smith also lived and died in Otisco, his death occurring Jan. 1, 1881, at the age of 81. His wife died in May, 1880, aged 84. Our subject was educated in the common schools and has always followed farming. He owns 164 acres of land, and has resided in the village of Vesper for thirteen years, living retired. Jan. 15, 1845, Mary, daughter of Amos Goodell became his wife. Her father was a soldier of 1812, and an early set tler of Otisco. Mr. and Mrs. Burroughs have had these children: Ophelia A., who resides in Rutherford, N. J. ; Celestia A., who died at Ohio aged 44; Ella A., who re sides in Maryland; Emerson A., who died in 1874, aged 20 years; and Genellus G., a farmer of Tully. Burt, Charles M., Otisco, was born in Dorset, England, Nov. 25, 1813, a son of Thomas and Sarah (Mead) Burt, both of England, where they died. In 1849 our subject married in England, Ann, daughter of George and Eliza Mathews. Her parents came to America in 1850, and there died in 1869 and 1871 respectively. Mr. and Mrs. Burt came to America in 1854 and settled on a farm in this town, where they now reside, the place comprising 135 acres. Mr. Burt has made one visit to his native country. They have had seven children : George T. , Albert E. , Ann Eliza, John F. , and Robert, who died aged two years. Bardwell, Irving W., Otisco. — The Bardwells are one of the pioneer families of Belchertown, Mass. , where Jonathan Bardwell was a captain in the Revolutionary war, and was at the battle of Bunker Hill. The grandparents were Zenas and Polly (Steward) Bardwell, who came from Massachusetts, and were pioneers of this town, where they died. The parents of Irving were William and Lavina (Cogswell) Bard well, he born at Belchertown in 1803, and she at Pittsfield in 1811. He was a very suc cessful business man, owning also the largest dairy farm in Otisco. He died April 4, 1888, and his wife Dec. 6, 1894. Irving W. was educated at Onondaga Academy, and for two years was a speculator in the oil regions. For three years he kept a meat market in Wabash Valley, Ind., being a butcher by trade, but now carries on farming in Otisco, where he owns SCO acres of land, and where he is also a stock holder and a director of the creamery. In 1876 he married Sarah A., daughter of Samuel and Janette (Barnes) Gilbert. Her father was a prominent farmer of this town, and died in 1860, aged 37. Her mother died in 1864, aged 34. Mr. and Mrs. Bardwell have had two children : Frankie Janette, born Nov. 9, 1877, and Clifford J. , born in Dec. ,' 1889, both now attending the Onondaga Academy. Mr. Bardwell is a Mason and a Granger. Bell, George, Elbridge, was born in Jordan in 1840, a son of Gabriel and Eliza (Hastings) Bell. The family at the time of George's birth resided in the Tracy house. Gabriel Bell was a mason and builder, and made the first locks on the Erie Canal. George was educated at Homer Academy and married Mary, daughter of Thomas Stone. He got a farm out of ninety acres out of a 200-acre tract his father bought and cleared north of the village, and has another ninety acre farm at the lock. He has two sons, Frank and Thomas, who were both educated at the academy, and Thomas went through Syracuse University to fit himself for a teacher. His success as principal at Salamanca began in 1891, but Frank has chosen farming for a livlihood. 278 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Barnard, Rufus G. , Elbridge. — The grandfather of our subject, Rufus, and the father, Asa, were both natives of Vermont, who came to Otisco about 1814. There were four sons and four daughters in the family, Asa being the second son. He was reared in Otisco, married Rowena French, and their children were Rufus, Franklin D. of Weedsport, Mrs. Pratt Campbell of Memphis, and Mrs. William Curtis of this place. Rufus married Betsey, a daughter of Jonathan Paddock of Camillus. He served through the war of the Rebellion, enlisting first in the 101st N. Y. Vols., and was transferred to the 37th Irish Infantry, and the 40th Regiment of New York. He was wounded at Chancellorsville, taken prisoner and again wounded at the battle of the Wilderness. He was mustered out in 1864. He came from Cato in 1874 and bought a farm of sixty-four acres two miles east of Jordan, where he now resides. Brown, William E., Elbridge, was born in Elbridge in 1830, and has always re sided in this locality. His parents were Deacon Samuel and Hannah (Curtis) Brown, early settlers of the town, and active members of the Baptist church. Deacon Brown died in 1864. He and wife had seven children: William E., who married Emma J. Look, of Oneida, who died in 1886, leaving three children; Albert E., of Elbridge, Dewitt, of Jordan, and one who was afterwards killed in the Electric Light Works. Frances E. Simmons, daughter of Persus and Mary (Crofut) Simmons, he a soldier in the war of 1812, married John Cole, of Brutus, who died in 1864, leaving one son, William D. , who died from an accident with a scythe in 1874, at the age of 15 years. In 1865 Mrs. Cole married second Nathaniel Hunter, who died in 1885, leaving two children, John E. and Arthur D. Mrs. Hunter and William E. Brown were married in 1887, and have since resided on the Hunter farm in the western part of the town. Both are members of the Baptist church. Brown, Melvin P., Van Buren, was born in Baldwinsville, April 5, 1850. His father, Seth Brown, was a pioneer of the Mohawk Valley, and came to Baldwins ville in 1832, and first settled at Van Buren. He was a millwright by trade, and was employed in erecting the mills that have made Baldwinsville famous. In later years he was engaged in the furniture and undertaking business. He married Jane M. Drace. He died in 1885, aged 64 years. Melvin was educated at Bald winsville. He then learned his father's trade, but later he learned the machinist's trade at the Phoenix Foundry in Syracuse. In 1873 he purchased a steamboat, and engaged in freight and passenger trade between Syracuse and Baldwinsville. He built his first boat, the William B. Kirk, in 1887; in 1889, the McMullin, and in 1890, the M. P. Brown. He now has two others under construction. In 1872 he married Ellen King, and they had two sons Clarence E. and Howard M. Mrs. Brown died May 29, 1894. Mr. Brown is one of the leading business men of the town. Butler, John, Onondaga, market gardener of Onondaga, was born in 1836, and settled in this town in 1853. He is a a son of William and Mary Butler, who were the parents of these children: Joseph, William, Michael, Patrick, John and James. John Butler married Julia Murray, and they have six children: Mary, Sarah, Anna, William, Nellie and Margaret. Mrs. Butler was a daughter of Pat rick and Mary Murray, who have three children: Patrick, Julia and Anna. Brown, J. L. , Fabius, was born in Lincklaen Chenango Co., Feb. 3, 1833, a son FAMILY SKETCHES. 279 of David and Eliza (Peterson) Brown, he of Connecticut and she of Lincklaen. The grandfather, Samuel Brown, died in Connecticut. The maternal grandfather, John Peterson, came from Germany, and settled in Madison Co. , but removed to Chenango Co., where he died. David S. died April 20, 1884, and his wife in Oct., 1879. In 1884 our subject settled on the farm of 245 acres, which he now owns, and carries on dairying, keeping about thirty-three cows. In 1857 he married Mary J. , daughter of John B. and Marihda (Hills) Scullen. The great-grandfathers of both Mr. and Mrs. Brown participated in the Revolutionary war. They have had these children. Eliza, wife of Jeremiah Smith, of Fabius ;Alfonzo J., a cheesemaker, in Keeny Settlement; David, who died in 1883; Marvin, a farmer; Alice, wife of Madi son Elmore, of Georgetown ; George, a farmer ; Mary L. and Gertrude F. , both at home. Blaney, Henry C. , Fabius, was born in Fabius, May 7, 1858, a son of John Blaney, mentioned in this work. Our subject was reared on a farm, educated in the common schools, and is the owner of a farm of thirty-six acres, being part of the homestead place. In 1883 he married Ada Craft, who died in 1884, and in 1886 Mr. Blaney mar ried (second) Almira M. Miles, a native of Fabius, and a daughter of Smith and An- geline (Aldrich) Miles, mentioned in this work. Henry C. and wife have had these children: John M., born Aug. 25, 1890, and Webster F., born July 16, 1893. William F. Blaney, a brother of Henry, resides with him. He was born in Fabius, April 9, 1842, and also owns a farm. The family all attend the Methodist Church. Bailey, Charles H., Fabius, was born in Fabius in 1869, the only son of John C. and Charlotte (Sherwood) Bailey. Mr. Bailey, by a previous marriage to Caroline Kinney, has three children. He married (third) Amy Chase, widow of Derius Chase. The grandparents of our subject were Lewis and Betsey (Collins) Bailey, and the former died in Fabius in 1872. The great-grandfather, Enoch Bailey, was a soldier in the Revolution. He came from Massachusetts and settled in Madison Co. , but died in Tully. John Bailey has spent eleven years in Michigan, and has also clerked in Apulia, but he has chiefly followed farming. Our subject was reared on the farm and educated in the school at Fabius. In 1890 he married Minnie L., daughter of Irving and Vernie (Ball) Crozier. Mr. and Mrs. Bailey have one daughter, Rena C. , aged two years. Mr. Bailey followed farming one year, and in 189J. rented the farm of 335 acres of H. H. Clark, which he has since carried on, keeping a dairy of fifty cows. He has a farm of twenty acres in the town of Fabius also. Bell, Ephraim J., Fabius, was born in Glen, Montgomery Co., Feb. 18, 1851, the older of two children of John H. and Catharine (Fisher) Bell, natives of Montgomery Co., where the mother died Feb. 21, 1891, and where the father now lives. The grandfather of our subject, Roland H., was an early settler of Montgomery Co. His wife was Dorothy Bell, and they both died in Portland, Mich. The father of our subject is a leading man of his town, and has been supervisor and highway commis sioner. Our subject was reared on a farm and educated in Syracuse High school, and at the age of about twenty-three entered the employ of the D. L. & W. R. R. In 1878 he came to Apulia as station agent, and has since held that position. He owns property in the village of Summit Station, about fifteen acres with a house and lot. Mr. Bell has also been an extensive hay dealer for some time, and handles all 280 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. the coal of the place. In 1875 he married Clarissa Schuyler of Glen, by whom he has these children: Floyd S. , Maud K. and Jasper F. He has been supervisor for three years, being elected over a Republican, though the town is largely of the latter class. He is a Mason of Homer Lodge No. 352. Benedict, Newton F., Fabius, was born in Pompey, March 25, 1857, a son of George and Helen (Sherman) Benedict, he a native of Pompey, born Feb. 18, 1820, and his wife born in Cazenovia March 22, 1829. The grandfather was Walter Benedict, who came to Pompey from Massachusetts in an early day. George, father of Newton F., resides in Delphi. Our subject was educated in Delphi village and Cazenovia Seminary, and engaged in teaching school, having taught in all the principal villages in the southern part of the county. He came to Fabius in 1887 and engaged in the furniture and undertaking business in partnership with his father-in-law, and also in the insurance business, representing the Home of New York, the Caledonia of Scot land, the Glens Falls of New York. In 1887 he married Hattie A., daughter of Will iam Estes and his wife, Louisa Robinson. The former in 1884 bought out the fur niture and undertaking business of Thomas Dakin, and in 1887 formed a partnership with our subject. Mr. and Mrs. Benedict have had one child, Hazel E. He has served as town clerk, school commissioner, etc., and taken an active part in local affairs. Blaney, D. Webster, was born in Fabius, July 1, 1844, a son of John and Charity N. Blaney, mentioned in this work. D. Webster was reared on the farm he now owns, educated in the common schools, and Cazenovia Seminary, and later attended the Commercial College in Syracuse. He has devoted his time and attention to farming, owning thirty-five acres of the old homestead. In 1867 he married Mary F., daughter of Elisha Peck of Fabius, who came to this town when a child with his parents, Moses and Hannah Peck, of Massachusetts. Moses assisted in the erection of the Presbyterian church, in which he was deacon many years. He died in 1860 and his wife in 1874. Elisha Peck was one of the leading dairymen of the county, was a prominent man, and was present at the Jerry Rescue. Elisha Peck died Feb. 1, 1880, and his wife April 24, 1883. Bagg, C. C, Dewitt, was born in Berkshire Co., Mass., in 1828, son of James and Abigail (Fish) Bagg, both of Massachusetts. After arriving at the age of twenty-one C. C. engaged in the lumbering and cattle trades in Michigan for about six years. He was then for several years interested in the sheep and wool industry in Missouri, and in 1870 he came to Syracuse, locating in East Syracuse in 1872. He has here been principally interested in farming and real estate investments. He was the first village president and has served three terms since. He has been supervisor four terms and is now on the Board of Water Commissioners. Benedict, James A., Dewitt, was born in Fabius in 1834. The parents, Alexander and Eliza (Smith) Benedict, natives of Pompey and La Fayette, died in 1840 and 1893. In 1866 Mr. Benedict married Celestia A. Killmer, who died in 1877, leaving four children, Oscar, Clifford, John, and George. His present wife was Henrietta M. Killmer. He has held the offices of town collector and inspector of elections. Ichabod Smith, the maternal grandfather of Mr. Benedict, died in 1876 in La Fayette at the age of 100 years, eight months and some days. FAMILY SKETCHES. 281 Burt, Arthur T., Dewitt, was born in Paris, France, in 1864. His parents, J. Otis and Helen (Moulton) Burt, were natives of Syracuse and Oneida Co. The father was a Harvard graduate and completed a medical course in Paris. He practiced in Syracuse a number of years and was a professor in the Syracuse Medical College, He afterwards located on the farm where Arthur T. now resides, in Dewitt, where he died in 1894. Arthur T. has always followed agricultural pursuits, locating on his present farm in 1886. In 1885 he married Emma J. Hunt, of Dewitt. Badgley, Jacob JR.. , Dewitt, was born on the place where he has always resided in Dewitt in 1831, son of Egbert and Elizabeth (Ryder) Badgley, natives of Albany and Ulster counties. They were married in 1818, and in 1819 they came to James street, in the present limits of Dewitt, and in 1830 located on the present farm of Jacob R. The parents died here in 1836, aged 47, and in 1862, aged 71, respectively. In 1857 Jacob R. married Emily Welch, a native of England, by whom he has fonr children: Dr. Coburn Badgley, of Fayetteville ; Ida J. , a teacher in Brooklyn ; Sarah E. , wife of Belden L. Scott, of Dewitt; and William J., a veterinarian. Barton, Frank L., Dewitt, brother of Irving W., was born in Dewitt, in 1854. In 1878 he married Elizabeth Gower, whose parents, Stephen and Elizabeth (Vincett) Gower, were natives of England. Mr. Barton has a farm of forty-eight acres and follows general farming. Bates, Malvern S. , Dewitt, was born in Dewitt in 1861, son of John W. and Bridget E. (Scott) Bates, natives of Dewitt and England. The paternal grandfather came from Dutchess Co. , and lived and died in Dewitt. The maternal grandfather, Richard Scott, located in Dewitt when the mother of Malvern was eight years old. The father was poormaster, road commissioner, and filled other local offices. He died in 1889. The mother still resides on the homestead with Malvern. In 1889 Mr. Bates mar ried Joanna Stever. He has a farm of 140 acres and follows general farming. Barton, Irving W., Dewitt, was born in Dewitt in 1863, son of W. H. and Cornelia (Lawrence) Barton, natives of Dutchess Co. and Massachusetts. The father located in Dewitt about 1840 and soon after married and settled on the homestead now owned by Irving W. He filled various town offices and died in 1894, aged 58. The mother died in 1894, aged 58. They raised three children: Frank, of Dewitt; Irving W. ; and Eva, wife of Edwin Schuyler, of Dewitt. In 1889 Irving W. married Bertha G. Mosher. He has a farm of ninety acres. James, the paternal grandfather, came from Dutchess Co., and lived many years here, but died in Syracuse, at the age of 93. Blumer, John P., Dewitt, was born in Syracuse in 1841. His father, Gabriel, was a native of Switzerland, and a carpenter by trade. He resided for many years in Syracuse, where he died in 1883, aged 75. In 1873 Mr. Blumer located on his present farm of forty-nine acres in Dewitt. In 1869 he married Adele Tiffany, a native ot Pompey. Ball, Jacob P., Dewitt, was born in Dewitt in 1847, son of Bumgratz and Elizabeth (Ties) Ball, natives of Switzerland, who were married there and soon after came to Onondaga Co. and located in Dewitt, where they died in 1853 and 1885, respectively. In 1869 Mr. Ball married Christiana Siley, of Syracuse. They located on their pres- 282 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. ent farm of thirty-four acres in 1872. He has filled the office of overseer of the poor, excise commissioner and census enumerator. Bethka, A. C, Dewitt, dairyman and farmer, was born in Germany in 1861, son of William and Caroline Bethka. When A. C. was about nine years old, the father died, and in 1872 the mother, with a family of six children, came to Madison Co. , and in 1885 located in Dewitt on their present farm of 121 acres. He has a milk route in Syracuse and keeps thirty head of cattle. In 1890 he married Louise Hiller, a native of Cicero. Bronson, Selah M. , Marcellus, was born in Navarino, this county, June 13, 1852, a son of Hiram and Alvina (Rosier) Bronson. Hiram was born in Oswego Co., and' came to this town when a boy, starting at farming. He conducted a farm here up to the time of his death. Mrs. Bronson was the daughter of Worthy Rosier of Mar cellus. Selah M. was educated in both Marcellus and Syracuse, after which he en gaged in milling, which he continued seventeen years, when ill health compelled him to retire from active business. Mr. Bronson owns the chief business block in the village, known as the Gallup block, and consisting of stores, offices, lodgerooms, etc. He married Cynthia L., daughter of Daniel and Joanna Jenison, of Lockboro, Wayne Co. Mr. Bronson's family is among the oldest settlers of the town, and his great-grandfather, Joel Camp, was among the very first. Bishop, William, was born in Marcellus, March 19, 1840, son of Ira and Sarah (Stage) Bishop. Ira came to the homestead where his family have since resided when he was nine years old. He was educated in Marcellus, and was supervisor of the town several terms. Our subject was educated in Marcellus, and has always followed farming on the homestead. Mr. Bishop married Martha M. Sedeker, by whom he has two chil dren, Charles and Caroline, both living at home. Baker, Edward V. , Marcellus. was born in 1841 in Onondaga, son of George B. and Harriet (Clark) Baker. George B. was born in Marcellus in 1816, then moved to West Onondaga where he carried on a blacksmith business until 1854, when he moved to Onondaga Hill. He was a prominent anti-slavery Whig, and died in 1870. Our subject was educated in Marcellus, then carried on the blacksmith business here for seventeen years. He then went into the drug business, and then removed from the village to the homestead farm one mile west of the village, where he now resides. Mr. Baker enlisted in the late Civil war as a private and came home as a sergeant. He went to the front with Co. F, 122d N. Y. Vols. , and served till the close of the war. He was in seventeen battles and skirmishes, was wounded at Cold Harbor", also at Fisher's Hill and in the valley under Sheridan. Mr. Baker served on county and town committe, and three years as county treasurer. He has served two years as supervisor and is now serving his second term. He married in 1866 Julia De Coudres of Marcellus, by whom he has three sons, Thomas B., Charles D. and Edward V., jr. Brown, Frank, Clay, was born in Hampton, Va., Feb., 1858, son of Carlos and Grace Brown, who were slaves to a Mr. Todd in Virginia. Both died in slavery, leaving three sons, Manual, John and Frank. Our subject came to Herkimer Co. about fifteen years ago, where he lived for five years, afterward coming to Clay. He now owns a farm of about fifty-two acres, ¦ He married a Miss Johnson of Can- FAMILY SKETCHES. 283 ada, by whom he has one child, Arthur. The family are members of the Morgan M. E. church. Bender, John O., Manlius, was born in Hartsville, Jan. 9, 1837. John W., his father, was a native of Smithville, Madison Co. , born April 27, 1800, and came with his mother to the town of Manlius in 1806. In his early days he learned the shoe maker and tanner's trades, which he followed until forty years of age. In 1840 he bought a farm of 100 acres, where he made his home until he died, Jan. 5, 1881. His wife, Nancy Ehle, was also a native of Madison Co. Eleven children were born of this union, four of whom are now living: Mrs. Anna Shultz, of Fayetteville ; Helen A., living on the old homestead; Marcus F., a druggist of New York city; and John O. The latter was educated in the common school but at the age of sixteen took up farming. He has always resided on the old homestead with the exception of four years spent- in the town of Pompey, where he conducted a farm. Mr. Bender was for two years commissioner of highways in the town. He is a member of Military Lodge, No. 93, F. & A. M. In 1863 he married Jane E. , daughter of David Hamb- lin, of Fenner, Madison Co. They have two sons, Ira W. , a farmer of Eagle Village, and Hubert H., who lives at home. ' Mrs. Bender died March 14, 1894. Mr. Bender is the inventor of the Bender Transplanter, patented April 29, 1890. Since that time over 100 machines have been manufactured and two patents have been taken out, Oct. 20, 1891 and Jan. 31, 1893. This machine took the highest award at the World's Fair held at Chicago. Bangs, EliT., Manlius, was born in Fayetteville, Dec. 29, 1825. Reuben H., his father, was born in Massachusetts and came to this county in 1813. He was a con tractor and assisted in the building of the first Erie Canal and was one of its division superintendents. He also assisted in building the Chenango Valley Canal. He established the business of manufacturing hydraulic cement in Fayetteville and also conducted a saw mill and lumber manufactory. He was one of the founders and early directors of the State Bank, now the National Bank. Of his five chil dren, three are now living: Mrs. Horace Wheeler, Myron, and Eli T. Celestia Bangs married Warrington Gilbert, and was the mother of two daughters. Eli T. was educated in the common schools and Fayetteville Academy. After leaving school, he took up jobbing, and his first work was the building of the aqueduct of Limestone Creek. He has always been engaged in this line of work. In 1860 the firm of Bangs & Gaynor was formed and Mr. Bangs was the originator of the system of laying foundations for jetties, and the United States government are now using them. Since that time Mr. Bangs has been connected with and done alone from twelve to fifteen million dollars' worth of government contracting. In 1851 Mr. Bangs married Jane Elizabeth, daughter of David Moulter, and they have one son, Anson H. , a member of the firm of Hughes Bros. & Bangs. Beahan, James, Manlius, was born in Chili, Monroe Co., April 20, 1834, the oldest of five children of John Beahan, a farmer. He was given a good common school education and spent his youth in his native county until he attained his -majority. He then spent seven years in Canada. In 1865 he located in Onondaga Co., settling in Syracuse, where he entered the employ of a railroad company. In 1868 he re moved to Jamesville, where for five years he was engaged with Earl Alvord in his lime works. In 1873 he came to Manlius and was first employed with Mr. Thomas 284 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. in his lime works, and in 1878 he bought the interest of George J. Champlin, of the firm of Champlin & Burhans, the firm name being Beahan & Co. until 1882, when Mr. Beahan bought the interests of Mr. Burhans and thereafter conducted the busi ness alone. In 1880 this firm established an office for the sale of lime in Syracuse. In 1892 he purchased the coal yard on the corner of Canal and N. Crouse avenue, which also proved a financial success. Mr. Beahan, died Nov. 8, 1894, leaving a wife and one daughter, Hannah. He served in the war as a member of Co. C, 3d Regt. Michigan Cav. He received an honorable discharge Oct. 16, 1864. Baird, Henry L., Manlius, was born in the town of Millbury, Mass., May 23, 1840. Charles Baird, his father, was also a native of Massachusetts and has been associated with railroad work nearly fifty years, being one of the early engineers of the country. He also learned the gunsmith's trade. Henry is the fifth of a family of ten children. He was educated in the common schools and city graded schools and was about eleven years of age when his father came to New York State. He first made his home in Saratoga for three years, but in 1854 moved to Syracuse and Mr. Baird entered the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. At the age of sixteen Henry began working on the railroad, first a fireman in the yard for one year, then he became fireman on his father's engine, with whom he remained three years and was then three years on a passenger engine. In March, 1863, he received an appointment as engineer, which he now is. He ran a passenger train for ten years, then was on the emigrant for eight years, and is now the engineer on the grade helper. He was the engineer of the first big engine on the road. In 1859 Mr. Baird married Barbara A. Van Hoesen, of Syracuse, by whom he has two sons: William E., a traveling man engaged with C. J. Fisher; and Charles H., an engineer on the N. Y. C. R. R. In 1885 Mr. Baird bought a small farm on Lot 36, where he now makes his home. Brown, John, Manlius, was born at East Kent, near London, England, Nov. 9, 1830, and came to this country in 1854. His father being a farmer, and having a family of sixteen children, John's educational facilities were very limited. On his arrival here he entered the employ of Bullard Bros. , maufacturers of scythe stones, at Vernon Oneida Co. He remained with them about six months, then went to Honeoye Falls, Monroe Co. , where he engaged in house painting. In the spring of 1856 in partnership with his brother, he engaged in the butchering business and located in Vernon. The firm of Brown Bros, existed for three years and then George B. removed to Massachusetts, while John spent a year alone in the market and then spent a year painting. He was then employed with George Sand, of New London, for five years, then for two years he and George Bartlett conducted a market in that village. Mr. Sand sold out to Mr. Snook, with whom John was employed for one year. In 1867 he entered the employ of Lighton & McKeever, in Syracuse, where he spent two years. He then spent a short time with Eph. Edwards, also with Baumgrass, then spent four years as proprietor of a market in Delphi. In March, 1875, he removed to Manlius village, buying the market of Silas Smith, where he still carries on business. He has been a trustee of the village four years, also of the cemetery at Manlius. In Nov. 1858, Mr. Brown married Mary P. Poyle, of Vernon, Oneida Co., who died Oct. 28, 1885. They had four children, two of whom are now living: Charles W., a general merchant of Manlius, and Frank H., a partner in the market. In 1885 Mr. Brown made a trip to his native land, leaving Feb. 5, and re turning April 5. FAMILY SKETCHES. 285 Badgley, Dr. Coburn, Manlius, was born in Collamer, July 25, 1856, son of Jacob R., a farmer of that town. The doctor was educated in the common schools and in 1881 graduated from Chittenango Union Free School and Academy. After leaving here he spent one year with Dr. W. E. Duell, of Chittenango, and in 1882 entered the Chicag'o Homoeopathic College, graduating Feb. 26, 1885. He then opened an office in East Syracuse, where he spent one year, and in 1886 he took Dr. Baker's office in Syracuse, where he spent one year, then went to Astoria, Ills., where he remained until Nov., 1888, when he located in Fayetteville, taking the place of the late Dr. Charles Baker, and since continued in practice here with great success and credit to himself. June 17, 1885, Dr. Badgley married Hattie L., daughter of Martin Smith, of Collamer, and they have two children : Roy Smith Badgley and Gregory Badgley. Burhans, William E. , Manlius, was born in Jamesville, Aug. 2, 1852. Daniel, his father, was born in Truxton, Nov. 29, 1809. He was a mechanic and came to the town of Dewitt in 1837. In 1838 he married Nancy Carpenter, and remained in that town until 1855. He established a sash and blind factory in Jamesville in partner ship with his brother, Lydertius, and conducted it until he moved to Fayetteville. He then became a partner of O. D. Blanchard in the same line, which partnership existed until his death, June 22, 1887. Mr. Burhans was for thirty years officially identified with Trinity church. He was a member of the Masonic Lodge. Of his eight children five are now living: Henry N., hardware dealer, of Syracuse; Mrs. W. H. Maltby, of Fayetteville; Henrietta, of Fayetteville; William E., and Myra of Fayetteville. William E. was educated in the common schools and Fayetteville Academy. After leaving school he was for seventeen years employed in his father's factory. After his father's death he continued in the lumber business, manufacturing packing cases, window frames, etc. Mr. Burhans is a vestryman of Trinity church. He is a member of the Masonic order. In 1878 Mr. Burhans married Bell Hubbs, of Fayetteville, by whom he has one son: Daniel R., a student in the academy. Brown, Jacob, Manlius, was born in the town of Sullivan, Madison Co., May 3, 1838, third son of George and Maria (Crouse) Brown. He was educated in the com mon schools. After leaving school he engaged in boating at the age of eighteen, which line he followed for twenty years. He then went to Smith Center, Kansas, and took up a farm of 320 acres, where he remained for five years. On his return he stopped at Buffalo and bought another canal boat and was a captain until Aug. , 1885. At that time the family came to Manlius, where he bought a farm of thirty acres and has since made his home. He also has charge of his father's farm of fifty-five acres, In Sept., 1857, Mr. Brown married Samantha Gage of Canandaigua, who died Feb. 18, 1865, leaving one son, Orville G., who was given a good education and after farming it a few years, took up railroading and was killed at Lyons, Feb, 12, 1894, aged 33 years. Mr. Brown was again married April 7, 1865, to Mary E., daughter of Andrew D. and Laura J. (Goodfellow) Collins of Manlius. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have two children : Mary Elldwina, wife of William Raymond, a farmer of Perry ville; and William J., a student of the public school, aged 12 years. Mr. Brown is a member of the early family of that name in this town and is one of the heirs to the Crouse estate. Bellen, William J., Baldwinsville, was born in Rome, N. Y-, Oct. 26, 1856, son of John Bellen, a native of Switzerland. William J. was educated in the common 286 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. schools and by private tutors. In 1882 he entered the law office of Fred A. Marvin, and was admitted to the bar in 1885. In 1886 he opened an office in Baldwinsville and engaged in general practice. At the age of thirty-five he married Mary L. , daughter of Bartholomew Mack, of Syracuse. Mr. Belkn has served as village at torney for three years, also as clerk of the corporation. He is one of the representa tive men of the town. Barnes, Orson, Baldwinsville, was born in Pompey in 1801, son of William, a na tive of Stockbridge, Mass. The family are descended from the nobility of England, having their coat of arms traced back to William Barneis of the reign of Richard I in 1203. Orson Barnes married Eliza, daughter of Horace Phelps of Simsbury, Conn., whose family came from England in 1820. They had five children, three of whom are now living: William, of Albany; Lucien, of Syracuse; and Mrs. Sarah E. Russell, of Baldwinsville. In 1826 they came from Pompey to Baldwinsville and purchased a farm on Chestnut Ridge. He was a well known railroad contractor and builder. He was the first superintendent of the public schools in Onondaga Co. He died in 1851 sincerely mourned by all who knew him. Bentley Floyd F. , Baldwinsville, was born in Little Utica, town of Lysander, Sept. 27, 1851, son of Edward, a native of Albany Co., and came to Lysander. The family were of English descent and settled in Massachusetts at an early date. Ed ward was engaged in farming and shipping potatoes, hay and grain. He married Mary, daughter of Reuben Coffin. He died in 1881, aged 55 years. Floyd F. was educated in the common schools and finished at Fairfield Seminary. He married Jeanette, daughter of Jenks Perkins, by whom he has six children : Edward, Floyd, Frederick, Sidney, Nellie, and Lena. In 1886 Mr. Bentley came to Baldwinsville and engaged in the railroad business with the S. & B. Division R. R., acting as agent, superintendent, manager, and receiver. In 1891 the railroad passed into the hands of the D. , L, & W. and he was appointed agent for the U. S. Express Co. Mr. Bentley is one of the energetic and successful business men of the town. He has been organist of the Presbyterian church for fifteen years. Buck, L. F., Baldwinsville, was born in the town of Hannibal, Oswego Co., N. Y. , Sept. 28, 1825. His father, Daniel Buck, was a soldier in the war of 1812. He came to Oswego in 1815 and married Rebecca Follett. He afterwards removed to Ira, Cayuga Co. , where he followed contracting, building and farming. L. F. Buck was educated in the common schools and the academy at Jordan. He married Sarah, daughter of Peter H. Rodgers, and they have four children, three of whom are now living: Hurlburt M., of Syracuse; Mrs. Alice Wight, and Mrs. N. A. Hughes of Phoenix. In 1844, L. F. came to Baldwinsville and learned the carriage maker's trade, which he has carried on for fifty years. Mr. Buck is one of the leading men of the town having served as trustee three years, also as president of the village. Beecham, Rev. P. H, Baldwinsville, pastor of St. Mary's Catholic church of Bald winsville, was born in Queens county, Ireland, and is a nephew of Rev. William, late pastor of St. Peter's church, Rome, N. Y. He was educated at St. Patrick's Col lege, Carlow, and finished his theological studies at St. Joseph's Provincial Seminary, Troy, N. Y. We was ordained in 1872. His first mission was at Hudson : he was next assistant to the present Bishop Bourke of Albany. After this he was at Cam- FAMILY SKETCHES. 287 den, where he established churches at Williamstown, Sand Bank and Pulaski, spend ing ten years in that labor. He then was moved by the late Bishop McNierney to take the parish at Baldwinsville and Phoenix. Under his guidance the church has been practically rebuilt and enlarged, having double its original capacity, the mis sion being in a flourishing condition. Amidon, J. D., Marcellus, was born in Marcellus, Dec. 21, 1852, son of William and Clarinda (Jackson) Amidon. William Amidon was born in Onondaga in 1827, son of Jacob, who was among the earliest settlers. William died in 1889. Our subject was educated in Marcellus, and since then has followed forming. He married Ella M., daughter of William T. Davis, who died in June, 1889. They had five children, two of whom survive: Frank J. died in 1890, aged 16; Grace died in 1893, aged 16; Lottie I. died in infancy ; Eva W. is living at home ; Clara also lives at home. Mr. Amidon married Lottie J., daughter of John and Sarah Hamilton. Anderson, James, Marcellus, was born in Scotland, July 12, 1836, son of James and Agnes (Montgomery) Anderson, who came from Scotland to Thompsonville, Conn. He spent ten years in New England, then removed to New York State and settled in Marcellus in 1872. Mr. Anderson volunteered in the late Civil war, and went to the front with the 2d N. Y. Artillery, serving three years and one month. He was1 in sixteen engagements and skirmishes: 2d Bull Run, Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Fredericksburg, Mile Run, Randall's Farm, Petersburg and three different engage ments at Deep Bottom, also at Weldon Railroad, Reams Station, and various skirm ishes being wounded but once. He married Florinda, daughter of Orlanson Roff, of Oswego, by whom he has had these children: Isabel, who married Frank Sarr, who is engaged in the woolen business ; Jennie, who lives at home ; Alanson, who is en gaged in the woolen business ; Alice, who married Charles Higley ; Flora, who resides at home ; Edwin, who is a farmer, and one who died in infancy. Armstrong, H. T., Marcellus, was born in Rensselaer Co., March 8, 1852, son of Henry L. and Catharine T. Armstrong. Henry T. was born in Bennington, Vt., in 1821, and died in 1889. He came to Marcellus, where he settled on the homestead farm, on which his family has resided since the spring of 1858. He was school trus tee at one time. Our subject was educated in Marcellus and conducted the old homestead farm since he was old enough. He married Susan E., daughter of Charles Sherman of Bennington, Vt., by whom he has three children: Edith, Le Roy and Lena, all living at home. Armstrong, James C. , Marcellus, was born in Canada, March 24, 1859, son of Wil liam and Louisa Armstrong. He engaged in the woolen business in Cornwall, Ontario, Canada, where he served an apprenticeship of thirteen years, then came to Marcellus in Aug., 1891, and entered the employ of the Crown Mills, where he is in charge of the carding department of the upper mills of the Crown Plant. He married Agnes Adams of Cornwall, and has one daughter, Elodia. Abbott, Asa H., Clay, was born in Clay, Dec. 16, 1842, son of Ira and Catherine Abbott. Our subject is a namesake of the grandfather Asa, who was born in Scho harie Co. , but early came to Clay, where the parents of our subject were born. Ira and Catherine (Salisbury) Abbott had five children : Hiram, Jeremiah, William, Eliza beth and A. H. , our subject, who was very prosperous, now owing a farm of 1 14 acres. 288 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. For a few years he made a specialty of raising tobacco. He married in 1864 Hannah Sophia Botsford, of an old and respected family of Clay, being among the early settlers. They have had three children: Cicely, now Mrs. Hall; Edward, a tele graph operator on the R. W. & O. R. R., and Ira. Mr. Abbott is a member of the Masonic. fraternity, Centreville Lodge No. 648. Abbott, E. P. , Clay, was born in Clay, Oct. 20, 1838, son of Henry and Mary Ab bott. This family came to Clay from Schoharie Co. at an early day, and cleared a farm of over 100 acres. At present our subject has fine buildings erected, consisting of a brick mansion and elegant barns. He is one of six children: Asa M., H. C, Maria, William M. , Moses, E. P. Johnson and Amanda, all now living. Mr. Abbott, in connection with his ability as a farmer, has proven himself to be a trustworthy representative of the town, being elected supervisor in 1886. He owns 120 acres, mostly all under cultivation. He married in 1868 Mary Frayer of Jefferson, Ohio, and their children are: Ralph C. and De Forest. The older son, Ralph, is employed at present as bookkeeper ; the younger is attending school at Euclid. Avery, H. L., Dewitt, merchant and postmaster at Dewitt, was born there in 1847, son of Lester and Eunice (Crossett) Avery, natives of the town of Manlius. The pater nal grandfather, Moulton Avery, came from Connecticut about 1820, locating in De witt. The maternal gradfather, William Crossett, also came from Connecticut at an early date. Lester Avery filled the office of commissioner, and also that of collector. He died in 1887 at the age of 70 years. Mr. Avery was shipping clerk for a number of years for the Syracuse Glass Co. , and in 1880 established his present business at Dewitt, and in 1881 was appointed postmaster. In 1866 he married Angie Billard, by whom he has one child, Julia. Andrews, Burnett B., Dewitt, was born in Cortland Co. in 1863, son of H. P. and Phoebe (Brown) Andrews. The mother died in 1870, and the father still resides in Cortland Co. In 1887 Mr. Andrews purchased his present farm of ninety-seven acres in Dewitt. The same year he married Lizzie Frances of Otsego Co., and has since resided here, following farming and dairying. They have one child, Marion A. He is a member of the Onondaga Co. Milk Association. Allen, Joseph, Skaneateles, was born in Otsego Co., N. Y., in 1820, son of East wood C. Allen, who was a farmer in Otsego Co., and later a resident of Skaneateles, conducting a farm there. Eastwood Allen died at the age of 72. Joseph was a far mer in his early days, then he went into the lumber business. He continued in this line for twenty years, when he retired from active business. Mr. Allen was one of the most prominent business men of Skaneateles, and is one of its best known citi zens. He married Amanda Bowdish of Otsego, by whom he has three children : Samuel N. ; Mary M., wife of Dr. Snow of Syracuse, and Emma, wife of John Ney of Syracuse, manufacturer of cash registers. Adsit, J. Russell, Baldwinsville, was born in Lysander, July 3, 1859, son of John Ad sit, a native of Saratoga Co. John came to Onondaga Co. in 1834, and married Mar garet Wideman. He was engaged in farming. J. Russell Adsit was educated in the common schools, but he has added considerably to his knowledge through his well chosen reading. He married Mary, daughter of Cornelius Bowen, by whom he has one son, J. Leonard. Mr. Adsit is one of the representative farmers of the town, making a specialty of tobacco. He was elected road commissioner in 1891. FAMILY SKETCHES. 289 Anthony, Albert G., M. D., Y'an Buren, was born in Paris, 111., Oct. 13. 1859. His father, John M., was a native of Aberdeen, Scotland, and came to the United States in 1845, settling in Pittsburg, Pa. In 1858 he went to Paris, 111., where he was a well known builder and contractor. He married Mary, daughter of John Waggoner, of Carlsruhe, Germany. Albert G. was educated in the common schools, and in 1876 he entered the Wesleyan University of Ohio, where he remained for two years. He then entered the Cleveland University of Medicine and Surgery, graduating in 1880. He practiced for a year in the City Hospital, and in 1882 came to Warners, N. Y"., and established a general practice, making a specialty of surgery. In 1882 he mar ried Ada M., daughter of James Spaulding, by whom he has two sons, Fred H. and Albert J. Dr. Anthony is a member of the Onondaga County Medical Society. Alexander, Eugene H., La Fayette, was born in La Fayette, May 7, 1856. a son of Harvey C. and Maria (Nichols) Alexander, he a native of La Fayette, born in 1828, and she born in Ohio in 1830. The grandfather, Gilbert, was born in La Fayette in 1801. and his father was one of the first settlers of the place. Gilbert married Me- linda Clark of Massachusetts, and they died in 1863 and 1861 respectively. Harvey C. went to Michigan in 1864 and there now resides. The death of his wife occurred in Aug., 1892. Eugene H. was born and educated in this town, and learned the painter's trade, which he has followed since. He has served as overseer of the poor for the past six years. He is a member of the A. O. LT. W. of La Fayette. In 1882 he married Flora, daughter of Mark Johnson of this town, and they have had two children, Nina C, born Aug. 16, 1887, and Mark C, born Nov. 14, 1892. Adsit. Lewis P., Manlius, was born in the town of Otisco. May 23, 1838. His father, George L., a blacksmith, moved to Hastings, Oswego Co., from there to Salina and then located in Watervale, town of Pompey, in 1844. He was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming, which he followed in the town of Pompey until 1884. April 1, 1.8^4. he came to Manlius and bought of Henry Stewart the express line between the village and Syracuse, which he still conducts. In 1893 he, with George A. Fowler, bought the hardware store in Main street, which busi ness is now conducted by Mr. Fowler and his son, William. In 1864 Mr. Adsit mar ried Anna, daughter of the late Richard Heath, a shoemaker of Pompey. Mrs. Adsit died Aug. 9, 1880. Of this union six children were born: William R., hard ware dealer, of Manlius ; Hattie I. ; George L. , druggist in the store of A. L. Wright, of Auburn; Ella M., assistant to postmaster of Manlius; Anna C, bookkeeper in the hardware store; and Lula M., a student of Manlius Graded School. Armstrong, Jacob S. . Manlius, was born in Glenmore, Oneida Co., Sept. 8, 1862. Charles L., his father, was born in New Baltimore, N. Y\ , Dec. 11, 1820, and was of Quaker parentage. He was educated in the common schools, and in 1844 removed to Illinois and took up land near where Chicago now is. At the breaking out of the California gold fever, Mr. Armstrong went to California, where he spent four years very profitably. In 1853 he returned to his native State, living at New Baltimore until 1860. when he removed to Oneida Co., where he bought a farm and conducted it until 1864. He then sold out and after spending one year in Oneida he bought seventy-seven acres of land in Manlius, and later bought the W. Easton farm, mak ing 111 acres in this farm. He sold the farm in 1881, but made his home there until kt 290 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. his death, March 22, 1882. His wife, Sarah A. Clough, a native of Greene Co., died Sept. 17, 1891. Of this union four children were born: Benjamin, teamster of Syra cuse; Elwood, employed with John Bedford; Fannie, wife of Clarence Billings, farmer, of Chittenango; and Jacob. Jacob was educated in the common schools and made his home with his parents until 1888. He then moved on to a farm of twenty-four acres, where he has since made his home. April 2, 1888, he married Mary A. Carney, of the town of Dewitt. They have one child, Myrtle Florence, born April 19, 1892. Mr. Armstrong makes a specialty of raising garden vegetables, for which he finds a market in Syracuse. Amidon, Lewis, Onondaga, was born in this town in 1840. He is a veteran of the war of the Rebellion, and was in the 122d Regiment, Co. B, being promoted sergeant. He was wounded at the battle of Cold Harbor, and was sent to the Chestnut Hill Hospital at Philadelphia, June 3, 1863. He was also wounded at Petersburg in April, 1864. He was discharged July 3, 1865. His father, Lewis, was a native of this county, and a son of Jacob Amidon, born in Connecticut, who settled in this locality about 1800. Lewis married Alvira Hull, and has six children: Minnie, John J., Eva, Fanny, Bessie, and Grover C. The children of Lewis and Amanda are Lewis, Mary and Charity. Amidon, Fayette, Onondaga, was born in Chautauqua Co., Jan. 18, 1832, and came to this county with his parents when an infant. He has served as collector of his town two terms, and one term in the town of Otisco. He is a carpenter and builder by trade. Dec 4, 1861, he enlisted in Co. I, 12th N. Y. Vols., was wounded at the sec ond battle of Bull Run, and taken prisoner, but was paroled on the field, then went to Finley Hospital, where he remained till his discharge Oct. 29, 1862. He married Martha C. Howe, and they have six children: Abner Jerome, Porter H., Elmer E., Warren Fenton, Lucy E. and Flora M. One daughter, Miriam T. , died Nov. 3, 1863, aged two years and a half. Porter H. has two children, Blaine F. and Blanche C. ; Elmer E. has five children, Herbert J., Hannah M., Eva B., Harvey F. and Miriam E. ; Warren has one daughter, Emma; Flora M. has two children, Burdette F. and Blanche C. Williams. Fayette Amidon is a son of Samuel and Adelia Amidon. The latter came here in 1803, and was the first teacher in the common schools of this town. Amidon, Henry F. , Onondaga, was born in this town in 1839, and is a veteran of the war of the Rebellion, having enlisted in Co. D, 122d N. Y. Vols., in 1862. He was honorably discharged June 24, 1865, at the close of the war. He never lost a day, having been in all the engagements with his regiment. His father was Henry G. Amidon, and there were four cousins in the same regiment. Henry G. was born in this county, where he lived until his decease. His children were Lydia, Julia, Harriet, Henry F., George, Hiram and Samuel. Henry F. married Mary L. Bennett, and they have three children living: Willard, Sarah and Arthur. One son, Burney, died Sept. 10, 1885, aged three years and a half, and another son, William Howard, died June 18, 1890, aged 30 years. Amidon, George, Onondaga, the owner of a fine farm in Onondaga, comprising forty-three acres, was born in this town, a son of Henry G., a native of this county born March 13, 1804, who died Jan. 20, 1884. The latter was a sou of Jacob Amidon FAMILY SKETCHES. 291 who came here from Connecticut with his family, by ox- team, being one of the first settlers of this county. Henry G. married Elizabeth Vinton, by whom he had seven children: Lydia, Jane, Harriet, Henry, Hiram, George ,and Samuel, all of whom grew to maturity. George married Frances L. Fenner, a widow with one daughter, Nettie E. , who is now teaching. Mr. Amidon has served as road commissioner, col lector, constable, etc., and is a veteran of the late war having enlisted in Co. D, 122d N. Y. Vols., Aug. 9, 1862. He was wounded three times at the battle of Cold Har bor, June 1, 1864. Dorchester, Reuben, Marcellus, was born in Cheshire, Conn., in 1804. He was the father of eleven children who grew to maturity. The youngest son, Eliakim, the father of our subject, came to Marcellus with his father when two years old, and spent his life here. He was justice of the peace here for eighteen years, and died in 1863. His widow, Caroline (Griffin) Dorchester, still lives in good health. Their son Robert E. was born in this town Nov. 6, 1842, educated in the common schools, and followed farming. He has also been engaged in the grain and produce business. He is prominent in local politics, having served as supervisor ten terms. Sept. 27, 1866, he married Lucy A., daughter of John and Lucy Coon of Jefferson Co., and of their four children three survive : Robert De Forest, Earl H. and Horatio Seymour. Homer A. died at the age of twenty months. Daye, John, Marcellus, was born in Tillicoultry. Clackmannanshire, Scotland, and from there went to Canada in 1872. In 1879 he started in the woolen business in Cornwall, Ontario, where he acted as designer and assistant superintendent. From there he went further west and took the same position in Streetsville, Ontario, where he remained until coming to Marcellus to assume a similar position in the Crown Mills. Mr. Daye is assistant superintendent in the upper mills of the Crown plant. He married Catharine, daughter of William Good of Shrewsbury, Quebec, and they have one son, John. Delany, James, Camillus, was born in Ireland in 1832. Coming to Americain 1848, he located at Canandaigua for three years, in the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. Co. He remained in their employ for twenty years, being transferred to different points on the road. In 1867 he located on his present farm of 145 acres. He married Anne Dwyer, of Ireland, by whom he has six children. Dixon, Isaac, Camillus, was born in Camillus in 1834, son of George and Ann (Moro) Dixon, natives of England and Ireland, who died on the old homestead in Camillus. The father was a general contractor. He dug the Onondaga ditch and the feeder at Camillus. Isaac married Caroline Harder, and located on his present place of 155 acres in 1890. Dunlop, 'Robert, Jamesville, was born in Dewitt in 1837, son of Robert and grand son of Robert Dunlop, who came from Scotland and attained wealth in Albany and Troy. Robert, the father, came here about 1831 and started and operated until his death the manufacturing and quarrying interests which contributed largely to the upbuilding of Jamesville. These interests were the cement and plaster works, grist and saw mills and oil mill. He also dealt extensively in grain, and in 1836 built two miles of railroad from his mills to the head of the feeder. He was several times supervisor, and died in 1882, aged 72. Robert, jr., who has always resided near 292 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Jamesville, began operations for himself in 1863 in the cement and plaster business. At his father's death he came into possession of his various interests here, and now owns about 800 acres of land, containing valuable lime and plaster quarries, from which he ships annually about 2,000 tons of plaster and nearly 100,000 bushels of water lime. He also owns the Dunlop full roller mills of fifty barrels per day capac ity, and barley mills of 250 bushels per day capacity. Mr. Calvin McCarthy has an interest with Mr. Dunlop in the lime, plaster and flour industries. Deline, Oscar, Dewitt, was born in Syracuse in 1849, son of Adam and Catherine (Johnson) Deline. The mother now resides with Oscar, and the father died in 1865. Mr. Deline was formerly in the lumbering business in Wisconsin, then he followed railroading for a while, and has been on his present farm since 1879. In 1883 he marrie Sarah M. Garrott, nee Tallman, who died in 1891, leaving one child, Willis. Mr. Deline afterwards married Alice Johnson. He has a farm of 82 acres, and fol lows general farming. Davis, D. H., Baldwinsville, was born in Cazenovia Co., May 17, 1837, son of Joseph Davis, a native of Franklin Co., Mass., who came to Madison Co. in 1826. Joseph married Mary, daughter of Asa Adams, by whom he had ten children, eight of whom are now living. Dwight H. came to Onondaga Co. in 1850 and entered the employ of Benjamin F. Davis, one of the earliest manufacturers of brooms. He mar ried Fannie, daughter of Warren Marvin, by whom he has three children: Charles F. , Mrs. C. W. Sizeland and Lucia Davis. Mr. Davis is one of the representative farmers of the town. Dunbar, Seth, Baldwinsville, was born in the town of Marcellus, Feb. 23, 1815. His father came from Boston, Mass., to Marcellus in 1796. He married Annie Mc- Culler, and died in his 90th year. Seth Dunbar was educated in the common schools, and finished at the Oneida Conference Seminary, after which he returned to his father's farm. In 1846 he removed to the town of Camillus and engaged in the hard ware and tin business. In 1852 he sold out and removed to Baldwinsville, where he engaged in the same business. He married Eliza, daughter of Salmon Erskine, by whom he has two children : Seth, and Mrs. Mary J Cramer. In 1891 Mr. Dunbar purchased the drug store on Main street, and also carries on an extensive hardware business at Oneida. Mr. Dunbar is one of the representative business men of the town. Dewey, W. A., Tully, was born in Madison Co., March 13, 1849, one of twelve children of Marcus and Ann M. (Norton) Dewey, natives respectively of Connecticut and Pompey, N. Y. They went to Madison Co. in an early day and settled on a farm, where Mrs. Dewey now resides, and where Mr. Dewey died Aug. 26, 1875. The grandfather of our subject was an early settler in Madison Co. , and a prominent minister of Pompey Hollow for many years, where he died. W. A. Dewey was reared on the farm, educated in the common schools and Cazenovia Seminary, and worked on a farm until the age of 27, when he went to New York city and engaged in the grocery business. After three years he returned to Pompey and engaged in the meat business, and two years later in the produce business, which he has con ducted successfully ever since. In 1876 he married Minnie Burdick, a native of Lan sing, Mich., and a daughter of Russell W. and Julia Burdick, of Chenango Co. and FAMILY SKETCHES. 293 Otsego Co. respectively. They went to Lansing, Mich., and returned in 1866 to De Ruyter, coming to Tully in 1877, where they have since lived. They have had three children: Lena R., Arthur B. and Carrie B. Mr. Dewey was appointed post master of Tully, Jan. 1, 1894. Evans, Charles R., Marcellus, was born in England, May 17, 1858, moved to Mar cellus in 1864, son of Charles and Mary Evans. Charles R., our subject, was edu cated in Marcellus, and has since followed farming. Mr. Evans has a fine farm under a high state of cultivation. He married Bessie M. Chave of Skaneateles, by whom he has two children : Maud C. and Spencer C. Mr. Evans is prominent in political affairs. Driesback, Mrs. Elizabeth, Cicero, widow of James C, was born June 23, 1844. Mr. Driesback was born May 31, 1831, in Montgomery Co. He came to Cicero with his parents when he was three years old. They settled on a farm near South Bay. Mr. Driesback, by his enterprise and energy, acquired a considerable amount of property. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Noah Frazier, a well known hotel keeper of Cicero. They had three children : George H., Eva and Francis. George H. is at present taking a business course in Syracuse ; the others are in school in the village. Diffin, Charles, Cicero, was born in the town of Cicero, Jan. 3, 1843, son of John and Louisa (Moulton) Diffin, who were both born in New York State. They came to Cicero in 1852. They had two children: Georgian a and Charles. Charles has always followed farming, now owning a farm of 68 acres, mostly under cultivation. He married Silvia E., daughter of William Welsh of Cicero, a descendant of the old pioneer settlers. They have two children, Edwin L. and Irving L. , both farmers. Ellis, Rodney M., Pompey, was born in Pompey, Jan. 13, 1818, a son of Clark and Thirza (Benson) Ellis, natives of Amsterdam and Pompey respectively. Clark was 16 years of age when he and his brother Samuel came to this town and bought and built a log cabin, making a home for the rest of the family, who came the next year, and here spent their last days, the father dying in 1844 and the mother in 1831. Rod ney M. was 13 years of age when his mother died, and he lived with Mr. Sharp of Pompey for four years. He has been an active and energetic man, and a successful one. In California he was in the shingle business ; in Fabius he was engaged in the grocery and meat market business, and he has also dealt in lumber somewhat ex tensively. He spent some time in Illinois, where his first wife died. He next lived in Greenwich two years with his daughter, then came to Pompey and married (sec ond) Maria A. Mulliner of Pompey. Mr. Ellis's first marriage was with Sabina M. Crandall, by whom he had five children : Monroe F. , who was for two years in the employ of the express company at Albany, then went to Cleveland, O. , where on ac count of ill health he was forced to throw up a fine position and go to Texas, where he was in the sheep and wool business. This he sold and went to Minneapolis ; later to North Galveston and opened a company, of which he was stockholder and presi dent. The second child of Mr. Ellis is Threnie, who is in California, and a musician by occupation; the third child is Egbert; the fourth, C. F., who is at Pittsburg, in the employ of the railroad as general manager; and the fifth is Eva, wife of W. Paul of Shenandoah, O. 294 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Eldridge, John, Pompey, was born in Pompey, Oct. 10, 1821, a son of Clark and Rhoda Eldridge, natives of Connecticut, who came to Pompey in an early day, where they spent their lives. John Eldridge was a farmer and owned 160 acres of land. He married in Fabius, Oct. 30, 1849, Mary A. Stebbins, a native of Pompey, born in 1829. She was a daughter of Oliver and Margaret (Warner) Stebbins, of Massachu setts. Mr. and Mrs. Eldridge have had five children: Fred, born Aug. 4, 1850, who married Ida Bellinger, and has two children: Eddie and Alice; Frank, born Oct. 25, 1852, who married Julia Brady and has seven children: Jennie, Willis, Susan, Clara, Florence, Frank and one unnamed ; Mary E. , born Jan. 30, 1859, who died June 30, 1865; William E., born Aug. 6, 1864, who was educated in Cazenovia Seminary, 'and is now in the treasury department at Washington, D. C. ; he married Mary Barnes, of that city, and they have two children : John and one unnamed ; and Carrie A. , who was born Feb. 17, 1867, wife of Richard Moss, of Pompey; they have four children, Flora, Ruby, Laura and one not named. Eadie, Frank, Spafford, was born in Spafford, Sept. 4, 1852, a son of James and Zeruah (Monk) Eadie. The grandfather was James Eadie, of Scotland, who came to this town, where he settled north of Borodino first, and later bought the farm now occupied by Arlo Woodworth, where he died. His wife was Martha Smith. James Eadie spent his days in this town, and died in 1883 at the age of 65, his wife having died in 1888, aged 57. Frank was educated at the Cortland Academy and followed teaching three years, when he came to Borodino and entered the store of H. A. Olton as clerk, remaining three years and continuing with Mr. Churchill, who bought out the store later. After a time Mr. Eadie and Mr. Churchill's two sons, Arthur and Edward, bought the business, the firm being Churchill & Eadie. At the end of a year Arthur Churchill retired, and the business was continued by Ed ward and Mr. Eadie for ten years, when Mr. Eadie bought out his partner's interest and has since carried on a very, successful business, with a fine line of general mer chandise, and making a specialty of butter and eggs and seeds. He has served as town clerk for several terms, and is an ardent temperance advocate. In 1878 he married Eva A. Bass, daughter of William and Catherine (Eglin) Bass, of Hamilton Co., who came to this town about 1873. Mr. and Mrs. Eadie have one daughter, Linnie, born Sept. 6, 1885. Dearman, Alfonzo, Spafford, was born in Tompkins Co., May 19, 1848, a son of - William and Diantha (Batchelor) Dearman, of Tompkins Co., where the father died, and the mother married again, and resides in Cortland Co. The grandfather was William, one of the earliest settlers of Cortland Co. and a native of Holland. William Dearman was a capenter and a wagonmaker by trade. The subject was reared on a farm and began life as a clerk at the age of 16 at Cortland, and seven years later engaged in the grocery trade for himself in that town. After three years he sold out, and soon after went to Freetown, where he had charge of a store for John Hub bard, and later Hubbard Brothers, and then engaged in business for himself in that place for four years. In 1886 he came to Borodino, and went into the general mer cantile business, in which he has been very successful, occupying a two-story building and carrying a fine line of general merchandise. He has served as town clerk in Preston several years and postmaster for five years. He is an Odd Fellow of Cort land and married in 1874 Angenette Andrews of West Eaton, Madison Co., by FAMILY SKETCHES. 295 whom he has two children, Pearl C, born July 14, 1876, and Ethel G., born July 3, 1891. Earll, Andrew Jackson, Skaneateles, was born in Skaneateles, March 15, 1838, son of Hiram and Cynthia Earll. Gen. Robert Earll, grandfather of Andrew J., was one of the earliest settlers in the township. Andrew J. has always been engaged in farming, and owns one of the principal farms in the town, consisting of over 21)0 acres. He is also interested in the lumber business. Mr. Earll has been very prom inent in politics and has served as supervisor three terms. He married Harriet Brown of Elbridge, and they have three children living: Edwin C. , conducting his father's farm ; Bessie E. , married Frank R. Austin of Owasco, and Gladys I. , at home. Mr. Earll is one of the most prominent farmers in the county. Davey, Edward J., Skaneateles, was born in Skaneateles, March 23, 1846, a son of John and Betsey (Jay) Davey of England. The grandfather, John, was born in Eng land and came in 1830 to this country, settling in Skaneateles, where he died. The maternal grandfather, James Jay, a local Methodist preacher, was also born in Eng land, and came to this town in 1830. John Davey was a carriage maker by trade, and came to the farm now owned by our subject and brother in 1856. After about ten years he retired to the village, where he died in 1892. Edward J. was reared to farm work; was educated in the Munro Collegiate Institute. He owns 120 acres of fine land, and follows general farming and the breeding of Hambletonian horses. He is a member of Marcellus Lodge No. 628, I. O. O. F., and also of the Grange. In 1872 he married Mary, daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth (Browning) Tucker of this town, and they have had these children: Edith; Nina M., who died, aged 1 year; Roy W. , and Theodore. Erkenbeck, Sanford, Manlius, was born in Johnstown, Fulton Co., Nov. 20, 1841. He was educated in the common schools of Fulton Co., two years of study while in Illinois and the common schools of the town of Manlius. After leaving school he en - gaged in farming, which he has since followed. He made his home with his parents until his father's death; then became manager of the farm. He has increased the farm to 76 acres, and has made many valuable improvements on the residence and outbuildings. For many years he made a specialty of the cultivation of hops and tobacco, but now carries on a general line of farming. Mr. Erkenbeck and family attend the Baptist church of Fayetteville. Oct. 17, 1883, he married Mary E., daugh ter of Jerome B. Palmer (see family history). They have one son: Frederick Palmer Erkenbeck, a student at Fayetteville Academy, aged ten years. Eaton, Norris, Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, Nov. 18, 1826. Daniel, his father, also a native of that town, was born July 2, 1794. In the latter part of the eighteenth century three brothers came to this town from Connecticut: Thomas, Asel and Aaron. Aaron, the grandfather of Norris, born June 12. 1763, and died June 27, 1816, was the father of five sons: Hezekiah, Daniel, John, Joseph, Reuben and Burr. Mrs. Aaron Eaton was born April 2, 1774, and died March 3, 1829. Daniel was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming on lot 33, in Manlius. He died Aug. 5, 1829. His wife Catherine, daughter of Adam and Catherine (Houser) Reals, died July 8, 1885. She was born Sept. 25, 1800. Of this union five children were born that reached adult age: Aaron, died Jan. 31, 1887, killed by the 296 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. cars in Syracuse; Norris; Joseph D., farmer of Manlius; Triphanice, wife of George Kessler, died Oct. 5, 1855, and Angelina, makes her home with Norris. Norris was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming on his father's farm until 1855, when he entered the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. Co. for two years and a half as brakeman, and in 1858 was promoted to conductor, which position he continuously held until 1878. Mr. Eaton left the road in 1878, and in 1880 bought the old' Chase farm of 75 acres, and has eleven acres on the opposite side, which he has since made his home. In 1888 he was elected commissioner of highways. He has served as trustee of the school three years. He is a member of the Masonic Lodge, joining with Central City 305, in 1860. In 1853 he married Augusta Dibbles, who died Jan. 8, 1867, leaving one child, John J. , locomotive engineer, of Buffalo, N. Y. Feb. 26, ' 1873, Mr. Eaton married Lillian, daughter of Orange Burrows, retired merchant of Buffalo, who died in 1874. Drumm, Philip, Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, July 13, 1857. Jacob, his father, was a native of Germany and came to this country in 1847, locating in Syracuse, where he followed the trade of coopering for a short time ; then moved to Manlius, settling on a farm, where he spent the balance of his days. Before com ing to Manlius Mr. Drumm visited the West, and was engaged in coopering in Wis consin, where he bought a farm of 80 acres, which he sold in 1855. In 1856 he bought 30 acres of land in the town of Manlius, and in 1864 he bought 40 acres more, and in 1866 bought four acres. Since his death his son has still increased the size of the farm, buying 15 acres in 1883, making 89 acres in the farm. Jacob Drumm died April 9, 1867, aged 55 years. His wife, Catherine Klink, a native of Germany, died Sept. 23, 1890, aged 74 years. They had three children : Katherine, wife of George Pfeifer, a farmer of Manlius ; Jacob a farmer on the old homestead, and Philip. Jacob and Philip were both given a good common school education, and later Philip became a student of Onondaga Valley Academy, and also took a course in the Meads Business College in Syracuse. In 1891 he was elected collector of the town. The following year he was elected excise commissioner. He and his brother attend the Presbyterian, church at Collamer. Mr. Drumm has been the representative of the Mutual Reserve Fund Life Association of New York for five years, but has now given up the agency. Dunham, Rufus, Manlius, was born in Truxton, Cortland Co., Aug. 26, 1825. His father, Rufus Dunham, was a native of Massachusetts and came to Cortland Co. when a young man, where he made his home up to the time of his death at the age of 91 years. Rufus, our subject, was the fourth of a family of ten children. He was educated in the common schools, after leaving which he engaged in farming in his native town, remaining on the old homestead until 26 years of age. In 1853 he bought a farm of 60 acres on lots 88 and 99, where he has since made his home. He has been a member of the Baptist church for twenty years, In 1848 he married Sarah Bryant, a native of Massachusetts, and they have two children: Jennie, wife of Dr. N. H. Curtis, of Manlius, and Henry B. , general freight agent for the Colum bus, Hocking Valley and Toledo R. R. Co., now located at Columbus, Ohio. Dwelly, John P., Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, Aug. 9, 1832. Jona than P. Dwelly, his father, was born in Tiverton, R. I., Feb. 9, 1795, and came to this county with his parents when seven years of age. His father, Richard, took up FAMILY SKETCHES. 297 a tract of land at Eagle Valley and it was there that Jonathan was reared and spent the most of his days. Jonathan P. married Lucy Williams, of Manlius, by whom he had eight children, two of whom are now living: Mrs. Esther Stedman and John P. John P. spent his boyhood on the old homestead and was given what education the common schools of fifty years ago afforded. He assisted his father on the farm until 41 years of age, but in 1873 he bought a farm of 80 acres on lot 98, where he now re sides and carries on a general farming. Jan. 20, 1857, Mr. Dwelly married Lucy P. , daughter of Anson K. Safford, a native of Pompey, who built the present residence of John P. Anson K. Safford was born in 1815 and died June 7, 1868. Mr. and Mrs. Dwelly have had six children, of whom one died in infancy: Anson J., is a farmer in Illinois; Eva L. , wife of Jacob Schaeffer of Syracuse; William T., is a conductor on the cable road of Chicago; Cora is the wife of George L. Carter, of Manlius; -and Minnie is the wife of Edward Norton, a farmer of Pompey. Everingham, Albert, of South Onondaga, is the owner of 196 acres of fine land, devoted to dairying and grain farming. He was born in the town of Fabius July 24, 1840', and settled on this place in 1850. He is a son of Jeremiah Ever ingham, a native of Cazenovia, who moved into the town of Pompey with his father, Jonathan, at the age of two years. Jonathan was a native of Connecticut, and one of the first settlers of the county. Jeremiah married Sophia French, and their children were William, Mary J., Charles, Marcy, Lucy, Nancy and Albert. The latter married Helen, daughter of Martin and Amy Bailey, and they have three chil dren, William, Kittie and Arthur. Kittie married Guy West, and has two children, Clarence and Bertha. Arthur married Clara Ackels, and they have two children. Dorwin, Lyman C, Onondaga, is the youngest son of Thomas M. and Waity (Adams) Dorwin of Massachusetts, who settled in this town in the early days of the county. John Adams kept the principal hotel between Albany and Buffalo, during the war of 1812, and came to this farm in 1823. Thomas M. Dorwin bought the farm where he resided until his death in 1860. There are now living of this family two sons, and a daughter, Thomas M., Lyman C, and Mary M. Lyman C. married Sarah E. Hare, and now owns a farm of 150 acres, also a stone quarry, a sand bed, and the Dorwin Springs. He has served as clerk in the provost marshal's office, and also filled the quota for the town of Onondaga. He was deputy canal collector and clerk in the office three years, and after this was deputy treasurer of the city of Syracuse for two years. He then embarked in the merchant tailoring business with Chester Hair for about six years, and in 1875 received the appointment of city clerk, which position he held nine years, by virtue of which position he was clerk of the Board of City Auditors, of the Board of Health, secretary of the Police Commission ers, clerk of the Board of Excise, registrar of vital statistics and commissioner of deeds. Jan. 1, 1889, he was appointed clerk of the police justice's court, which position he held six years. Thomas M. Dorwin raised a company in Vermont, of which he was appointed captain, and led his company at Oswego in the war of 181& Lyman C. was in Springfield, O., when the late war broke out, and joined the Clark County Brigade, Co. A, Captain Brown, commander, in defense of Cincinnati, against the attack of John Morgan, the guerilla. Bennett, George E., La Fayette, was born in La Fayette, June 11, 1845, a son of U 298 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Ora and Mary (Dewitt) Bennett of Cortland and Ulster counties respectively. They came to this town in 1840, where Mr. Bennett died in 1853, and his widow now re sides in the village of Cardiff. The grandfather was Ebenezer Bennett, who came to La Fayette in an early day, but died in Michigan. George E. was reared on the farm and educated in the public schools, and for a year sold farm wagons on the road, after which he went to Geddes. where he formed a partnership with George Card, remaining fifteen months, after which he traveled for three years. In 1883 he came to Cardiff and engaged in the mercantile business, where he has been very suc cessful. In 1875 he married Helen Snuffins, daughter of William Gay and wife, early settlers of Otisco, and they have had one daughter, Lena G. , who resides at home. Munro Family, Elbridge. There stands in the eastern cemetery at Elbridge, a monument erected by Daniel C. Munro, upon the surface of which are these inscrip tions: Squire and Mary Munro; Hon. Squire Munro, born 1757, died.March 18, 1835; his wife, born 1755, died 1845. Their children': Betsey, John, Squire, Daniel, Roily, Hannah, Nathan, Elisha, Roily E. and Philip. Deacon John Munro, son of above, born in Rehoboth, Mass., 1781, died m Elbridge in 1860; his wife, Hannah Coman of Lanesboro, Mass., their children, Mary, Betsey O, Mercy L. , Hannah J., Daniel C, Nathan, Louisa and two infant sons. Daniel C. was born in 1819 and died in 1893. His wife was Elvira and their children were : Elmer, who married Fanny Med- ill of Ohio, lives on the old Munro farm, and has one child, William M. ; Howard and Elvira, who live at the Daniel C. Munro homestead; Mrs. Seward Hale, deceased; Hannah, deceased, and Squire, who married Katie Hodge, and has four children : Lillian, Egbert, Czarina and Daniel. Squire Munro, the first of this name, and one of the earliest settlers in the county, came from Rehoboth, Mass. , in 1794, and settled on lot 81, town of Elbridge. He had been a soldier in the Revolutionary war. He exchanged his farm in Massachusetts for one of 300 acres, including the "Daniel C. Munro farm." The county was at this time altogether new. Mr. Munro was a sur veyor, and laid out most of the roads of his section. He had a store, and kept hotel. He was known as Judge Munro, being connected with the County Court. He was a Democrat, as are all of his descendants, and was always interested in the political affairs of his town and county. He was a leading man of the county in all that the term implies. He had, at the time of his death, about 1,500 acres of land. Tohn, his son, was born in Massachusetts, and married Hannah Coman, was a farmer, and held a colonel's commission in the war of 1812. He occupied the old homestead dur ing the active years of his He. At his death he had 1,400 acres of land, 900 of which were in the family possession in 1894. John Munro, son of the above, has always lived on the Munro farm. He was educated at Munro Institute, graduated from Madison University, taking his degree from Columbia. He lived at home until his marriage with Evaline M. Page of Sennett, by whom he had seven children : J. Page, deceased ; Frank, in Le Roy ; Wood, a lawyer in Minneapolis ; Eva M. , deceased ; Fred, of Colorado, and one child that died in infancy. The mother died in 1875, and Mr. Munro married Martha Ranney, who died in 1890. He married, the third time, Mrs. John Titus, a widow of Connecticut. Her maiden name was Sarah West. John Munro has served his town in many public capacities, from 1859-75 as supervisor, and as clerk, assessor and justice of the peace. He has 200 acres in his home farm FAMILY SKETCHES. 299 and 600 in Le Roy. He is a director of the National Bank of Auburn, of which his father and grandfather were also directors. Squire Munro was one of the organizers of the bank. Graham, A. G., Elbridge, was born in the town of Mentz, Cayuga Co., in 1817. His grandfather Graham came from the north of Ireland and settled in Orange Co. , N. Y. Henry, father of our subject, was born and reared in Orange Co. , and mar ried Lydia Greene of Ulster Co. in 1793. They moved to Cayuga Co., where they always made their home. In 1868 Henry died at Port Byron in the town of Mentz, aged 93 years, his wife following him in 1880, aged 104 years, 6 months, always in good health, reading her Bible without the aid of glasses. Shortly before her death. a dinner was given at which representatives of five generations were gathered. A. G. Graham is next to the youngest of twelve children. He left home at the age of sixteen and lived at Port Byron, where he was engaged in the mercantile business. Later, dissolving his interests there, he went to Syracuse, and held a prominent position in the wholesale store formerly know as A. Woodard & Son. In 1852 he went via the isthmus to California, where he remained two and a half years. Later he went to Wisconsin, where he purchased a farm, also invested in real estate in Iowa, returning to Elbridge in 1866. In 1844, at Elbridge, he married Marie E. , only daughter of Col. John Stevens, whose wife was Mary Van Vranken of Schenec tady. Colonel Stevens served through the war of 1812. He inherited his love for military from his father, Col. William Stevens, who was an officer through the whole of the American Revolution, entering at the age of twenty-six years. He being qualified in military discipline, was given the commission of captain of the 51st regi ment of light artillery of Boston, Mass. ; he was connected with the Boston tea party, which occurred in 1773, as that historical city was his first home in this new country, where he was engaged in mercantile pursuits. His wife was Elizabeth Garney of Dedham, Mass. In 1793 he emigrated to what is now Elbridge, where he had re ceived in consideration of his services a large portion of the 3,600 acres of land which he owned in the western part of this town. He was one of the first supervisors in this county, in 1794. He held many prominent offices in Onondaga Co. The repre sentatives of three generations still succeed these worthy ancestors in this village. Mr. and Mrs. Graham had three sons: John H., died in the Union army; James R. of Iowa died in 1889; Charles E. of Elbridge, died in 1867; and three daughters: Anna M., Libbie I. and Mrs. Oscar Stokes of Pasadena, Cal. Mr. Graham has always been an active and influential man in his town, and is a great party worker. He has served as president of the village, and is now in his third term as town assessor. Gorham, Aaron, Elbridge, a son of Nathan and grandson of Ephraim of Benning ton, Vt. , was born in a log house, where his parents' handsome residence now stands, in 1816, and has always lived on the same farm, never having married. His brother, Nathan, married Martha Yates, and the two brothers lived together till Nathan's death in 1875. His widow, with her sons, Emmett G. and Paige M., have since lived with Aaron on the home place. Nathan, father of Aaron, was born in 1780, and married Triphena Harmon, coming to this town in 1803, when the county was a wilderness, and took up a lot of 190 acres near the present junction. This he after wards sold and bought 150 acres on the Jordan road, to which he added by different purchases until he had over 700 acres at his death in 1846. Of his seven sons the 300 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. youngest died in infancy ; Gaius died in 1847, aged 47, and the others were : Nathan, Moses, Aaron and David. Greene, Robert E., Elbridge, is a native of Jordan, a son of Salmon and Amy Edmunds Greene, who came from Cheshire, Mass., to Jordan in 1820. Salmon Greene's business was contracting and building, and he also belonged to the firm of Daggett & Greene, who manufactured pumps and had a foundry and machine shop on the site of what is now Warner's 'malt house. In 1848 he moved to Seneca Falls, where he died in 1850. There were seven children : Eli, a physician, who died in Vermont; Frances, who died in 1838; Mrs. J. C. Frisbee of Fredonia; Mrs. I. N. Waldron of Sennett ; Mrs. J. G. Buck, whose husband was a merchant in Jordan for some time, died in 1864, and T. Benton Greene of New York city. The mother died in Jordan in 1873. Mr. Greene was educated in Jordan and engaged in the drug business five years, after which he was in Buffalo three years and then in New York three. In 1878 he married Kate Peck of Afton, Chenango Co. , and has two children : Amy K. and Clara E. In 1872 he went in Sperry's bank as clerk, continuing with Roger & Co. , who succeeded Sperry. He became a partner in 1878, since which he has been the active man of the concern. Mr. Greene has served as village president and treasurer for many years, and is also a member of the School Board. Skeele, Irving D., Fabius. — William Skeele, grandfather of Duane, came from Schoharie Co. in an early day and settled in Preble ; was a prominent man of Preble and one of the largest contributors to the building of the Presbyterian church of that place, and in 1849 he moved to Beloit, Wis., and died there in 1860. Samuel and Harriet (Winslow) Skeele, parents of Duane, the former a native of Schenectady, born in 1799, and the latter born in Schoharie Co. in 1805, and died in Preble, 1848. Samuel came to Fabius in 1850 ; followed farming and mercantile business in Fabius ; later came to Summit Station. He served as town clerk, and he and family were members of the M. E. church. He afterwards married Mrs. Martha Joice in 1851, who died in 1892, his death occurring in 1884. Duane Skeele, son of Samuel and Harriet, was born in Preble, Aug. 13, 1833, was educated in the common schools and learned the carpenter's trade; he came to Fabius at the age of sixteen, where he has since lived ; in 1857 he married Abbie Connine, daughter of Leonard and Statira Connine, and they have three children: Ida B., born Sept. 5, 1858, wife of I. R. Greeneof Geneva; Alice D., bornjan. 7, 1861, wife of Melvin Blasierof Canastota, and Irving D. , born Sept. 4, 1866, who was educated in the public schools, and has fol lowed contracting and building. Munro, John C, Camillus, born in 1849 in Camillus, is a son of John C. and Emily (Bennett) Munro, natives of Camillus and Connecticut. The gran dparents were David Munro and James Bennett. The parents located at Bell Isle on Mr. Munro's present farm. The father was justice of the peace for twenty years, and supervisor at one time. He died in 1889, aged 81. The mother, who was born in 1809, resides with Mr. Munro. Henry S. Munro of Camillus and Sarah, Mrs. E. R. Hill of Elbridge, are brother and sister of our subject. In 1879 Mr. Munro was elected supervisor, serving six years, and justice of the peace five years. He has over 300 acres of the home place. Fischer, George, Manlius, was born in the town of Salina, Dec. 4, 1852. John, FAMILY SKETCHES. 301 his father, was a native of Germany and came to this country in 1851. He came direct from New York to Liverpool, and shortly after took up coopering, making salt barrels for the factories near that village. He was the father of the willow industry in that town. At first the baskets were made from natural growth willows, and sold by peddling through the country. Mr. Fischer has continued in the business and now finds a market for his products in the wholesale houses of our large cities. He is now aged 83 years, and is as hale and hearty as some of his younger friends. His wife, Mary Rislee, was also a native of Germany. They have had eight children, five of whom are now living. The eldest son died in April, 1894, aged 52 years. George, the third son, was educated in the common schools. He remained with his father until 18 years old, but has followed various employments since. He was engaged in boating several years, then in farming for 14 years. Of this time he spent four years in Illinois and nearly two years in Grand Haven, Mich. He came to Manlius in 1883, and April 1, 1894, he came to Manlius Station to conduct the gen eral store and coal yard for R. W. McKinley, and has made the business a grand success. Mr. Fischer held the office of town collector in 1893. In 1881 he married Lena Kneller, of Newark, Wayne Co., by whom he had three children: one died, by choking to death, on its second birthday; Leslie George, aged 13, and Clara E., aged 8 years. Fout, John F., Manlius, was born at Manlius Station, April 25, 1852. Charles Fout, his father, was a native of Germany, who came to this country in the early '40's. He was a shoe and basket maker by trade, but when he came to this coun try .he entered the employ of the Syracuse & Utica R. R. , now the N. Y. C. , where he remained the balance of his life. The last twenty years of his life was spent in the freight house at Manlius Station. He died July 28, 1871, aged 59 years. His wife, Angeline Hardendorf, died Oct. 21, 1893. They had six children: Charles, a shoemaker of Syracuse, died Jan. 1, 1889; Mary, wife of John Gayring of Manlius died Nov. 8, 1879; Amelia, wife of Peter Mittendorf, a cabinet maker, died April 1, 1870; Louise, wife of Conrad J. Fisher of Manlius Station; Hanrel H., in the insur ance business in New York, and John F. John F. was educated in the common schools. He first worked on a farm, where he remained two years, then worked for a year on the work train of the N. Y. C. R. R. He then engaged with C. J. Fisher, in the ship ping of country produce ; after this he went on to the railroad again, but for the last 15 years he has been in the produce business again. In 1894 he bought a farm of over fifty acres, on lot 44, town of Manlius, which he has greatly improved. May 5, 1875, he married Jennie S., daughter of John T. Plank, who died Jan. 19, 1892. She left one child, Elmo Le Grande Fout, a student in the East Syracuse Academy. He is now 18 years old. Gregg, John, Manlius, was born in Ayrshire, Scotland, Dec. 8, 1840, and came to this country in 1869. He first located in St. Johnsville, Montgomery Co., where he was engaged in cheese making for three years. He was then engaged in the same business in the town of Sullivan, Madison Co., for one year. He then located in Kirkville, where he bought a cheese factory and conducted it for 10 years. In 1883 he took charge of the S. C. Gardner farm, where he has since resided. In 1894 he bought a farm of 131 acres in the town of Dewitt, where he expects to spend the bal ance of his days. He is a member of Fayetteville Grange, No. 610. Feb. 3, 1863, 302 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL Mr. Gregg married Jane, daughter of Stephen Griffiths, a native of England, by whom he has eight children: George C, died in 1864, aged three months; Mary J., wife of Dr. Abner C. Downer of Princeton, 111. ; Agnes J., who lives at home; Sarah A., dressmaker, of Syracuse; Minnie M., professional nurse in the Women's and Children's Hospital, Syracuse; Lillie L. , teacher in Hartsville; Palmer W. H. , assists his father on the farm, and Helen E., a student in the Fayetteville Academy. Grove, Horaces., Manlius, was born in Fayetteville, July 12, 1843. Adam, his father, was a native of Palatine Bridge, Montgomery Co., and came to the town of Manlius when a young man. He first settled in the town of Pompey, where he mar ried Eliza Hoag, but soon after he settled in Fayetteville. He was a tailor by trade, and conducted a business here a great many years. He died July 4, 1877, aged 69 years. Mrs. Grove died Jan. 28, 1883. Eight children were born of this union, seven of whom are now living. Horace S. , the oldest son, was educated in the common schools. After leaving school he followed a mechanical business for five years. In Jan., 1864, he enlisted with Scott's Nine Hundred, afterward consolidated with the 11th N. Y. cavalry, and remained with them until the close of the war. After his return he opened a billiard hall in Fayetteville, which he conducted for one year, then bought a canal boat, following that line of business for five years. After this he conducted a grocery and confectionery store in the Goodrich place for two years. In 1874 he bought the old Rowley property, and made of it what is now the commodi ous Grove Hotel. He has made this one of the finest country hotels in the county. Mr. Grove is a member of Fayetteville Lodge 578, F. & A. M. In 1867 he married Augusta Jenks of Fayetteville, by whom he has two children: Glen A., a senior of Hamilton College, and Mrs. Grace Matthews of Minneapolis, Minn. Gerthoffer, Oliver, Manlius, was born in Alsace, France (now a part of Germany), May 24, 1831. John, his father, came to this country in 1847, locating in the town of Manlius, where he bought a farm of 41 acres. He died here Feb. 27, 1876, aged 90 years. His wife, Elizabeth Abeck, died Dec. 9, 1865, aged 70 years. Nine children were born of this union, four of whom are still living. Oliver had the advantage of both French and German instruction in his native land. He was employed on the railroad for three years, then engaged in farming. He had 10 acres of the home stead farm, which he exchanged in 1861 for 41 acres on the same lot, where he made his home until 1869. He then moved on to a farm of 70 acres, where he has since made his home. He has made many valuable improvements to the place, and -now has a fine farm of 145 3-4 acres. He also owns 62 acres on lot 33. Feb. 8. 1864, Mr. Gerthoffer married Anna, third daughter of the late Anthony C. Seymour, a farmer of this town. Seven children were born of this union: Oliver Andrew, a farmer; Al bert Anthony, a fireman on the N.Y.C.R.R. ; Victor Alexander, lives at home; F'rarik Augustus, who lives at home ; Herman Joseph, also at home ; Agnes Anna, at home, and Vernie Julia, died Nov, 17, 1887. Fay, E. C, Onondaga, is a grandson of William Fay of Great Barrington, Mass., who was a soldier in the war of the Revolution, in which he served seven years. For his services he received a military tract in the town of Onondaga, where he settled in 1796, bringing with him his sons, Aaron and Augustus. The latter resided in this town 74 years and died here. He had five sone, one of whom, Orris P., was born and lived here until his death, aged 73, in 1891. Edward C, our subject, was born FAMILY SKETCHES. 303 in 1843, and enlisted in Co. E, 149th N. Y. Vols., in 1862. He was wounded at Chan cellorsville, and still carries a bullet in his left shoulder. He was honorably dis charged Feb. 4, 1864. His wife was Lottie C. Hazzard, and they have two children : F. Sinclair Fay, M. D., of Syracuse, and George E. Fay, a trained nurse of Bellevue Hospital, New York. Fellows, Adelbert C. , Tully, was born in Tully, May 25, 1853, the only child of John W. and Marcia E. (Outt) Fellows, he a native of Tully, born July 31, 1829, and his wife born in Tully, March 13, 1833. The father of John W. was Hiram Fellows, born in Otisco in 1798, who was a son of John G. Fellows, one of the first settlers of Otisco, who died in 1813. Hiram Fellows died in Otisco in 1865, and his wife, Edith, died in 1876. John W. kept a hotel at Tully four years, and at Cardiff two years. He died April 3, 1881, and his widow survives him, residing with Adelbert C. The latter was reared on the farm, educated in the common schools and Onondaga Acad emy, and has always followed farming, now owning 50 acres, which he bought after selling 301 acres to the t- olvay Process Co. Mr. Fellows has taken some inter est in politics, having served as highway commissioner several years. He is a mem ber of Tully Grange No. 246, and a K. of P., also belonging to the Good Templar fraternity. He married, Feb. 25, 1890, Jenette, daughter of Erastus Clark, and they have one child, John C. , born June 22, 1892. Fellows, George R., Van Buren, was born in Van Buren, Sept. 18, 1836. His father, David G. , was a native of Otsego Co., and the family came from England in 1740. David G. married Mary Knapp, and they had six children, five of whom are now living. George R. married Cleora M., daughter of Joseph Hart, and they have four children: William Y., George R., jr., Nellie L. and Mary L. In 1893 Mr. Fellows bought the Ouderkirk property, where he now resides, and is now considered one of the leading farmers of the town. Failing, Josiah, Van Buren, was born in Montgomery Co., Dec. 22, 1842. His father, Elijah Failing, came to Onondaga Co. in 1847, where he was a well known carpenter and builder, having assisted in erecting the flour mills which have made Baldwinsville famous. Josiah was educated in the schools of Baldwinsville. In 1862 he enlisted in Co. A, 122d N. Y. Vols., and took part in the battles of Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg and the Wilderness, receiving an hon orable discharge at the close of the war. In 1885 he married Flora, daughter of Seth Brown, by whom he has one daughter, Clara O. Mr. Failing is one of the represen tative men of the town, taking an active interest in church and school work. Foster, Isaac H., Van Buren, was born in Van Buren, Feb. 1, 1843. His father, Joel Foster, was a native of Onondaga Co., and was engaged in farming. He mar ried Lydia A., daughter of Peter Peck, by whom he had five children, two of whom are now living: George, of Auburn, Ind., and Isaac. He died in 1851, at the age of 38 years. Isaac H. was educated in the common schools, but has learned much through his well chosen reading and close observation. In 1862 he enlisted in Co. G, 149th N. Y. Vols., and took part in the battles of Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, Look out Mountain, Atlanta, and numerous others. He was mustered out of service in June, 1865. In 1868 he married Ida, daughter of John Crego, by whom he has eight children: Joel S., Daniel P., John A., George T., Isaac H., Lydia M., Ora E. and 304 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Ida. In 1866 Mr. Foster bought part of the Daniel Peck property, and in 1867 he bought the farm adjoining. In 1885 he bought the Crego farm, where he now re sides. He is one of the representative farmers of the town. Green, Job, Salina, was born in Marcellus in 1839, son of Job and Sarah (Holgrove) Green, natives of Rhode Island, who came to Lysander in 1810, the father dying in 1869 at the age of 94, and the mother in 1859, at the age of 74. Mr. Green has farmed it all his life in Onondaga Co., and located on his present farm of 160 acres near Liverpool in 1871. In 1855 he married Mrs. Mary A. (Gowdy) Johnson. They have three children : Elizabeth, Holden C. and Francis A. Gower, John, Dewitt, was born in Geddes in 1855, son of Stephen and Elizabeth (Vincent) Gower, natives of England. They located in the town of Salina about ten years, then moved to Collamer, where the father, died in 1876. The mother resides in Dewitt. In 1878 Mr. Gower married Mary D- Soule, by whom he has three chil dren: Stephen A., YVillhelm and Bessie. Galloway, Henry, Pompey, was born in Pompey, April 11, 1840, a son of Thomas M. and Alma (Wooley) Galloway, the former born in 1803, and the latter in 1809. The grandfather, Thomas, came to Madison Co. in 1806 and removed to Pompey, where he died in 1845. Our subject was reared on the farm, educated in the pub lic schools and has followed farming, owning the homestead of 130 acres, keeping 15 cows. In 1868 he married Harriet A. Hitchcock, of Woodstock, who "died in 1875. He married second, in 1877, Mrs. J. J. Schutt, widow of R. W. Partridge, by whom he had two children: Leslie, who died in California in 1891; and Hiram A., who died in 1864, aged three years. Mr. and Mrs, Galloway have had three children: Charles H., born in 1869; Fred T., born in 1871; and Edward E., born in 1873. Giddings, David B. , Baldwinsville, was born in the town of Granby, Oswego Co. , Nov. 19, 1836, son of Isaac B. , a native of Sherman, Fairfield Co., Conn. The family are of English descent and came to the United States in 1635 and settled in the town of Ipswich, Mass. Isaac B. married Eunice Stewart, by whom he had three children, of whom David B. is the only one now living. David B. married Martha, daughter of David Tappan, by whom he has four children: Bert L., Fay M., Mrs. May E. Taylor, wife of Henry L., principal of the Canandaigua Academy, and Anna C. In 1862 Mr. Giddings came to the town of Lysander and purchased a part of the Gott estate, and in 1878 bought the Warner D. Wells estate. He is now one of the largest growers of Niagara grapes, vegetables, and small fruits in Central New York. He is one of the leading men of the town, taking an active interest in church and school work. Fairbanks, Erwin, Baldwinsville, was born in Jefferson Co., Sept. 22, 1832. His father, Hiram, was a native of Colerain, Mass., the family being of Scotch descent. He married Effie Caswell, by whom he had five children, four of whom are now living. He moved to West Bend, Wis., where he died at the age of 84 years. Erwin was educated in the common schools, after which he taught school for ten years. In 1864 he came to Baldwinsville and engaged in contracting and moving buildings. In 1870 he engaged in the coal and lumber trade, in which he still continues, He married Julia Brown, who died in March, 1888. In Sept., 1889, he FAMILY SKETCHES. 305 married Sarah Johnson. The only son died when 10 years old. He has been president of the village, assessor, trustee, and was one of the projectors of the Baldwinsville water system. Mr. Fairbanks is one of the representative men of the town. Hall, Horace G., Y'an Buren, was born in Van Buren, April 2, 1831. Amos Hall, his father, a native of Connecticut, moved to Pompey with his parents in 1790. He served in the war of 1812. Amos married Lucinda. daughter of James Scoville, by whom he had five children, four of whom are now living. Horace G. was educated in the common schools. At the age of 23 he married Martha, daughter of Elias Lanfare, by whom he had five children : Fred A. , Harvey E. , Mrs. Harriet Lambert, Mattie, and Mrs. Emma Dysinger, who was drowned at St. Paul, Minn. Mr. Hall is one of the leading farmers of his town, and is especially interested in breeding horses. Hunt, Charles, Dewitt, was born in Cicero in 1846, son of Austin and Phoebe (Rike) Hunt, natives of England. The parents were married in England, and soon after located in Cicero. After residing in various parts of the county, in 1856 they located on the farm where Charles now resides. The father died in 1861, aged 59, and the mother in 1885, aged 80. In 1887 Mr. Hunt married Miss Chamberlin, by whom he has two children : Pearl and Phoebe M. He owns a farm of 72 acres, and follows general farming and dairying. Horton, Alsan W. , was born in the town of Onondaga in 1829, a son of Benjamin and Almira (Osmer) Horton, natives of Orange and Onondaga counties. Benjamin came to the town of Onondaga in 1800. He was a mason by trade, and helped to build the first brick building in Salina, the trowel he used being now in the posses sion of Alsan W. He spent his last years in Syracuse, and died there at the age of 86. In 1866 Alsan located on his present farm in the town of Dewitt. The original stock of the Horton family in the county came from England in 1640, locating on Long Island. Mr. Horton's first wife was Electa Ainsley, who died leaving five children. Her father, William Ainsley, was the original settler of Mr. Horton's homestead. He painted the first church erected in Syracuse. Headson, Lester C. , Dewitt, a merchant at Dewitt Center, was born there in 1865. His father, Stephen, was born in France, and located with his parents at Manlius Station, where the grandparents of Lester C. died. The father was in the mercan tile business at Dewitt Center for more than 40 years. He died in 1887 at the age of 56. Since the death of his father Mr. Headson has successfully carried on the busi ness which his father established In 1887 he married Sadie Overacre, daughter of Silas J., by whom he has two children, Ruth and Stephen J. Hunt, Edmund, Dewitt, one of Dewitt's substantial farmers, was born in England in 1836. When seventeen years of age he came to America with his father, Thomas, and located in the town of Dewitt. Thomas died in 1882, aged 74. Edmund was married in 1863 to Margaret Fazackley, of England, by whom he has four children : Nellie, wife of Henry Tiffany, of East Syracuse; Minnie, George, and Bessie. He located on his present farm of 47 acres in 1884. Harrower, P. W. , Dewitt, was born in 1816 on the place where he now resides. He pjm 306 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. is a son of Adam and Mary (Ward) Harrower, natives of Albany Co., the father being of Scotch parentage. The parents located here in the woods in 1813. The father died in 1844, at the age of 60 years, and the mother in 1870, at the age of 75. In 1844 Mr. Harrower married Mary King, and they have always resided on the same place. Hubbard, Daniel S., Manlius, was born in Lisle, Broome Co., Feb, 6, 1817. Daniel, his father, was a native of Steuben Co., and came to Broome Co. and engaged in the lumber business. He also owned a large tract of land and conducted a farm in Broome Co. He was the father of twelve children. Daniel S. was educated in the common schools and Homer Academy. After leaving school he was engaged in farming for two years. At the age of 23 he established a general store at Cameron, Steuben Co. , to which he added the lumber manufacturing and marketing busi ness, which he conducted for 11 years. Returning to Broome Co., he built two saw mills, which he conducted a number of years, and in 1864, in partnership with Mr. Sherley, he established a lumber yard in Syracuse. One year 5,000,000 feet of lum ber was shipped from his mills in Broome Co. to this yard. He was afterward senior partner of the firm of Hubbard & Lyon. The firm existed three years, then became D. S. Hubbard & Son. This firm continued until the son's death. Business reverses caused the suspension of business and in 1889 Mr. Hubbard bought a farm of 65 acres at Manlius Center, where he lives a quiet retired life. He has been twice mar ried, first, June 17, 1839, to Mary A. Parsons, of Whitney's Point, Broome Co. They were the parents of five children, of whom only two reached maturinty: Lorenzo P., who became a partner in the lumber business, died in Syracuse, aged 27 years; and Fredericks., a ranchman of Wyoming. Nov. 22, 1881, Mr. Hubbard married sec ond, Emily, daughter of Chauncey P. Hubbard, of Cameron, Steuben Co. Hill, B. Franklin, Manlius, was born in the town of Pompey, July, 30, 1833. Elijah Hill, his father, was also born in Pompey, in 1804. His father was the first of the family to come to Onondaga Co. , coming from Pittsfield, Mass., among the early settlers of the town. He took up a tract of 300 acre's, which has ever since been in the possession of the family. Elijah, father of Franklin, was the oldest of a family of four children. He was given a good common school education, then en gaged in farming. He married Anna, daughter of Jonathan Farnham, of Cazenovia, by whom he had five children, three of whom are no% living : Philo, a farmer of Delphi; Cornelia, wife of Allan Lonsberry, a manufacturer of mountings for fine jewelry; and Franklin. Martha became the wife of Avery Soper, of Pompey, but later removed to Michigan, where she died in 1873; and Preston, a farmer of Pom pey, died in May, 1878, aged 43 years. F~ranklin made his home in Pompey until 1880, then removed to the town of Fenner, Madison Co. , where he lived for two years. He then lived in Cazenovia for two years, then in Collamer for two years, but in 1887 he bought a farm of 36 acres in the town of Manlius, where he has since made his home. Nov. 14, 1860, Mr. Hill married Sarah L., daughter of Elisha Carpenter; a farmer of Pompey, by whom he had four children: one died in in fancy; Addie L., married Frank Elliot, -a glove cutter, of Fayetteville; Morton J., collector for the Singer Sewing Machine Co., of Syracuse; and Minnie C, married William J. Badgeley, a veterinary surgeon of Fayetteville. Hale, John J. , Manlius, was born in England, Nov. 14, 1839, second son of Will- FAMILY SKETCHES. 307 iam and Elinor Hale. He was educated in the common schools of England and New York State. After coming to this country he was engaged on the Erie Canal and followed canalling for three years. He then took up farming, which he has since followed with the exception of one year spent in the construction of the mac adamized road from Whitesboro to Hampton. He was employed on different farms for about eight years, then purchased a grocery and blacksmith shop at Chittenango Falls, which he owned for three years. In '1869 he bought a farm of 96 acres in the town of Manlius, which he owned for two years, then sold. He conducted the Brayton farm at East Syracuse for five years, but in 1875 he bought 50 acres in Collamer and other pieces of land, making 105 acres owned in that town. In 1884 he bought the Carr farm and the Walter farm in the town of Manlius, consisting of 174 acres, where he has since made his home. He also owns 96 acres in the town of Cazenovia, which is conducted by his son, Warren G. Mr. Hale and his family are members of the Methodist church at Manlius. In 1864 he married Susan, daugh ter of Eli C. Stacy, a native of Connecticut, by whom he has nine children : the two oldest are twins, Ida, wife of William Mann, a farmer of Pompey, and Eda, wife of Newton Miller, of Manlius; Homer, a farmer of Manlius; Warren, on the Cazenovia farm; Susan, wife of Fred McClinthen, of Manlius; Flora M., living at home; George, living at home; Anderson, with his brother Warren ; and Lyman, living at home. Hoag, Charles, Manlius, was born in Kirkville, Sept. 1, 1833. Joseph, his father, was born in the town of Root, Montgomery Co. , June 14, 1807. He was given a good common school education, then learned the trade of shoemaker, tanner and currier. In 1827 he moved to the town of Manlius, where he built a tannery and conducted a shoe shop and store for many years. He was justice of the peace for over 20 years, postmaster for 25 years and justice of sessions for two terms. He died Nov. 22, 1884. His wife, Nancy Sponunburgh, was also a native of Montgomery Co. She died Aug. 18, 1881, aged 74 years. Five children were born of this union, three of whom are now living: Marian, wife of James A. Brown; Maria, wife of George Lawes of Kirkville, and Charles. The latter was educated in the common schools, and after leaving school learned the shoemaker's trade, which he followed for 15 years. In 1875 he added to his shoe store dry goods, notions, etc., and now has a general store, carrying all lines of goods. He is also interested in farming, superintending his farm of forty acres in Kirkville. Mr. Hoag was appointed postmaster in 1885, which position he held until 1889, and was again appointed in 1893. He is a member of Fayetteville Lodge No. 578, F. & A. M. Oct. 10, 1855, he married Helen M., daughter of the late Jacob Lower of Chittenango, by whom he had one daughter: Ella Viola, who married Harlow A. Smith of Kirkville. Mr. Smith died April 9, 1883, and Mrs. Smith married C. Frank Getman of Kirkville. She died July 13, 1892, aged 34 years, leaving one child: Leila E. Getman. Hill, Joseph, Manlius, was born in the town of Fabius, April 15, 1834. Russell, his father, also a native of this county, was descended from one of the old Connecti cut families. He was a wagon maker by trade and conducted his business in the town of Fabius until 1845, then bought a farm in the'town of Pompey, where he died, April 21, 1863, aged 56 years. His wife, Nancy Brown, also a native of this county, died in March, 1890. They had five children, three of whom are now living : Hiram 308 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. A. , a farmer of Fabius ; Miranda, wife of Asa B. Daggett, a farmer of Fabius, and Joseph. The latter was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming. Until 1884 he was a resident of Delphi, then spent four years in the village of Man lius, but in 1888 bought his present farm of 90 acres. In 1859 Mr. Hill marriedAnna Pease of Pompey. Their adopted daughter, Mrs. Robert M. Benedict, lives on the old homestead farm at Delphi. Hoag, David S., Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, Dec. 19, 1855. Royal N, his father, was also a native of Manlius, born Sept. 7, 1824. David Hoag, the grandfather, was one of the earliest settlers in the town and was the builder of the first frame house of the section. He was a farmer, and purchased a large tract of land on lot 39, and here reared his family and spent the balance of his days. David was the father of four children, of whom Royal N. was the youngest. Royal was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming. He made his home in the village of Kirkville until 1870, and after one year spent conducting the custom flouring mill at Pool's Brook he moved on to the farm, where he now lives. He mar ried Mary C. Overhiser, by whom he had three children : Hattie, wife of Charles Haskins, ex-alderman of Syracuse ; Barney, who died, aged 6 years, and David S. David was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming. He assisted his father until he was 18 years of age, then became a partner of his father in con ducting the farm. In 1886 he built a beautiful residence a short distance from the paternal residence, and with other improvements has made this one of the finest country homes in this section. He is a member of Sullivan Lodge No. 148, F. & A. M., also a member of the S. F. I. Dec. 24, 1879, Mr. Hoag married Minnie A., daughter of Eli and Nancy (Elenwood) Coe of Manlius. They have two children : Daisy May, born Sept. 28, 1884, and Royal Eli, born May 20, 1889. Hale, George, Manlius, was born in England, May 7, 1837. William Hale, his father, was also born in England, near Bristol, in 1817. He learned the shoemaker's trade, which he followed until 1852, when he came to this country. He first located near, Utica, where he remained for five years, then moved to the town of Manlius, conducting a shop in Hartsville. In 1859 he traded his property for a farm in Wis consin, where he spent the balance of his days, dying in 1877. His wife, Elinor Hil- lard, was also a native of England.' They were married in 1836 and were the parents of nine children, seven of whom are now living. She died in 1891. George was educated in the common schools of his native land and New Y'ork State. After leav ing school he engaged in farming, which he still follows. His first farm was bought in 1861 in the town of Cazenovia, where he remained for two years. He then owned various farms in the towns of Cazenovia, Fenner and Nelson until 1871, when he bought 224 acres on lot 89, which he still owns. In 1884 he bought 225 acres on lot 69, where he now resides, making him one of the largest landholders of the town. In 1859 Mr. Hale married Priscilla Wildan of Chittenango, who died in 1877, leaving eight children : William E. , a farmer of Dewitt ; Andrew F. , of the same town ; Har rison, a farmer of Manlius ; Charles, of Dewitt ; Daniel, of, Dewitt ; Theodore, of Dewitt ; Rosa, wife of Frank Reynolds of Manlius, and Mary, who lives at home. The present Mrs. Hale was Elizabeth, daughter of George A. Alsop of Dewitt. Harter, Patrick, Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, Nov. 30, 1814. Law- FAMILY SKETCHES. 309 rence, his father, was a native of Herkimer Co. and one of the early settlers of the town. Patrick, one of a family of eleven children, was given a good common school education, then engaged in farming. In 1841 he purchased a farm of 10 acres, which he gradually increased to 60. Here he reared his family and spent the balance of his life. He died March 20, 1883. In March, 1838, Mr. Harter married Rachel Worden, by whom he had three children : Alzina M. , wife of Blakely Dean, a farmer of Manlius; Harriet, married Edward Johnson of Manlius, and died June 18, 1862, aged 22 years, and James, who died Sept. 28, 1865, aged 22 years. Mr. Harter was a member of the Methodist church of Kirkville a great many years. Mrs. Harter still occupies the old homestead and is now 74 years of age. Hitter, Henry, Manlius, was born in St. Johnsville, Montgomery Co., May 29, 1850. John, the father, was a native of Germany and came to this country when 18 years of age. He engaged in railroading and has always followed that line of work. He died in 1881, aged 65 years. He was for thirty-one years foreman of the section between Oneida and Canastota. He removed with his family to Oneida in 1850, where he reared his family of seven children, and spent the balance of his life. His wife, Christina Yawne, was also a native of Germany. She is still living at the age of 66 years. Henry was educated in the common schools, but has added much to his knowledge by close observation and well chosen reading. He was first employed as water boy on the section, but has gradually risen from one position to another until he now holds the position of freight agent at Manlius Station. At the age of 21 he acted as clerk in the freight office in Oneida and in April, 1875, was promoted to his present position. In 1894 Mr. Hitter was elected trustee of the common school, which position he has filled with great credit to himself and to the best inter ests of the community. He has been a member of the Masonic Lodge since he was 21 years old, a member of Oneida Lodge No. 270 and Oneida Doric Chapter No. 193. In 1876 Mr. Hitter married -Francis Y'orkey of Syracuse, by whom he has two children: Jessie M., a graduate of East Syracuse Union School; and Vida Louise, who died May 3, 1893, aged 8 years. Hulburt, John R., Onondaga, carpenter and builder, was a soldier in the late war having enlisted in Co. G, 75th N. Y. Vols., in 1861. Sept. 19, 1864, he was wounded at the battle of Winchester, and was taken to the Chestnut Hill Hospital, Philadel phia, thence transferred to the Naval School Hospital at Annapolis, and thence to the Jarvis Hospital, Baltimore, from which he was discharged Nov. 21, 1865. Mr. Hulbert was born in this town in 1844, a son of Walter, a native of Tompkins Co. , who settled in this town about 1836. John R. married Charlotte Lewis, daughter of Peter and Sarah Lewis, and they have one daughter, Cora. The father of our sub ject married Wealthy , and their children were: B. F., Harriet, Nancy, Julia John R., and Mary J. Hunt, Edmund, of Onondaga Hill, is the owner of a fine farm of 100 acres, de voted chiefly to dairy purposes and grain raising. He was born in England, came to America and settled in this town about 1842. He came with his parents, Austin and Phoebe Hunt, also natives of England, whose children were: Austin J., George W., Mary, Edmund, John, Harry and Charley, who are now living, and Elizabeth, who died in 1852. Austin Hunt died in April, 1861, and his wife in 1886. Our sub- 310 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL ject married Louisa D. Olcott, and they have one son, William Hunt, who married Ellen Randall, and has four children: Eva, Edward, Homer and Lula. Louisa (Olcott) Hnnt was a daughter of Orville and Anna Olcott, whose children were: James H., Frances A., Louisa D., Charles P., Mary J., Myron H., Fidelia E., Julia A., and Joseph E. Hannam, George, of Onondaga Valley, is the owner with Thomas Stokes of a fine farm of 81 acres, one of the ten representative farms in the town. It is a farm of the old Ephraim Webster estate, which was one of the first settled farms in the county. George was born in Dorsetshire, England, in 1840, and came to America, settling in Ontario Co. in 1859, coming here in 1865. His parents were Joseph and Mary Hannam, who had these children : Wiliam, Jonathan, Elizabeth, John, George, Job, and Joseph. George married Mary Stokes, and they have four children: Charles, William, George and Eva. Charles married Minnie Abbey ; William mar ried Jennie Bowen and has one child, Edgar. Mrs. Hannam was a daughter of George and Leah Stokes, who had five children: Charles (deceased), Thomas, Mary, John and James, Thomas being an equal owner with George Hannam. Hazzard, John, Onondaga, wagonmaker, was born in Spafford, Sept. 2, 1823, and settled in the town of Onondaga in 1845. He was excise commissioner two years, and is a son of Sylvester Hazzard, a native of Vermont, and one of the early settlers of Spafford. In 1846 John married Emeline Webster, daughter of Hallen, and grand daughter of Ephraim Webster. She died Feb. 15, 1894, aged 67 years, leaving two children, Oliva Fay, and William W. Hazzard. The latter married a Miss Carr, and has one child, Minnie C. Hitchings, Grant G. , of South Onondaga, was born in this town July 5, 1863, was educated in the common schools, and married Grace E. Clark by whom he has two children, Raymond C. and Harold R. Mr. Hitchings is a son of Horace N., anative of this town, and for many years a prominent citizen here, where he has served as supervisor and held other positions of public trust. He married Elvira M. Rich Jan. 5, 1855, and they had four children: Mary E., Ella J., John R., and Grant G. Horace N. Hitchings died Jan. 8, 1870. His father, John, was a native of Connecti cut, who settled in this town about 1800, where he always made his home. He took a leading part in the affairs of his town, and was one of the first justices, a position which he held many years Hencle, Frank C, Baldwinsville, was born in Upper Canada, Nov. 26, 1839. His father, Harvey, came from Prussia to Canada in 1819 Harvey Hencle married Maria Fisher. Frank C, the third son, came to Lysander in 1865. He married Eliza Davis, by whom he had four children : Miles S. , a well known teacher in On ondaga Co. ; , Leonard B., Frank C, jr., and Fred J. In 1882 Mr. Hencle purchased the Peter Hann preperty of 100 acres, making a specialty of tobacco. He is one of the representative farmers of the town. Hall, Charles K. , Baldwinsville, was born in the town of Dewitt, Sept., 22, 1841. His father, Daniel Hall, was born at Onondaga Valley. He married Sarah, daugh ter of Gideon Olin, by whom he had five children : Charles K. , George W. , Augus tine K. , Daniel, and Caroline, of whom Daniel and Charles K. alone survive. Charles K. was educated in the common schools and finished at Onondaga Valley Academy, FAMILY SKETCHES. 311 after which he returned to his father's farm. In 1863 he enlisted in Co. K, 9th. N.Y. Heavy Artillery and served until the close of the war, returning to the homestead near Jamesville. In 1872 he came to Van Buren and purchased the David Voorhees farm. In 1883 he came to Baldwinsville and established his present hardware busi ness. He married Alice, daughter of Henry Marvin, by whom he has two children: Charles H. and Edith C. Mr. Hall is one of the representative business men of the town. Holihan, James Baldwinsville, was born in Belle Isle", Aug. 3, 1852. He was edu cated in the common schools. At the age of 24 he married Nora, daughter of Will iam Sullivan, by whom he has two children: James J. and Nora. Patrick Holihan came to the United States in 1850 and settled in Belle Isle. In 1856 he went to Van Buren Corners, where he followed his trade of blacksmithing. James Holihan came to Baldwinsville in 1870 and entered the employ of William Luck & Son. He after ward entered the employ of Hilton & Eggleston, but in 1877 he went into partner ship with Byron Y'eeder, engaging in blacksmithing and general work. In 1878 he purchased a site on Syracuse street and continued this business, to which he added the livery business in 1882. He held the office of collector in 1888-89. He is one of the representative business men of Van Buren. Hickey, John, Pompey, was born in Ireland, Dec. 25, 1837, the oldest of three chil dren of James and Elizabeth Hickey, natives of that country, where both lived and died. Our subject was reared on a farm, educated in the common schools, and when a mere lad came to America and settled in Fayetteville, where he at once began farm work. By industry and economy he saved money, and coming to Pompey he bought 100 acres of land where he has since resided, being recognized as one of the leading farmers of the town. In 1869 he married Bridget McDermady, a native of Ireland, born Dec. 22, 1842, and a daughter of Thomas and Catherine (Lee) McDer mady of Ireland, where the former now lives, his wife having died in 1894. Mr. Hickey and wife have these children: Joseph, born Aug. 21, 1882; Libbie, born May 12, 1874; David, born July 20, 1876; Katie, .born July 20, 1878; Anastasia, born Nov. 14, 1880; and Julia, born Oct. 12, 1883. Hall, Warren K, Pompey, was born in Amber, Jan. 3 1828, a son of Mr. and Mrs. Freeman Hall, natives of Massachusetts and Connecticut respectively. The grand father was Ezariah Hall, a native of Rhode Island, who came to this county in an early day, but 'died in Cattaraugus Co., as did also his son, Freeman, and wife. Warren K. was reared on a farm, educated in the common schools, and has always followed farming, besides keeping a hotel at Fabius three years. He has also dealt somewhat in lumber. He resided in Fabius 12 years, and has lived 26 years in this town, but spent his early life in Cattaraugus Co. In 1849 he married Fidelia Perry, by whom he had one child, Ordelia, who died in 1852. In 1854 he married second Mariette Kenyon, by whom he had six children: Frank (deceased), Adel, Charlotte, Nellie, Hattie (deceased), Willie (deceased). His second wife died in 1867 and in 1870 he married Mariette Albro, of Cuyler; they have four children: Frank, born in 1872, educated at Cazenovia Seminary, Homer Academy, and the Eclectic Medical College, now a student at Baltimore Medical College; Bertha, born in 1874, who died in infancy; George, born in 1878, who died in 1890; and Effie, born in 1880 who died in 1893. 312 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Heath, William, Pompey, was born in Rochester, April 13, 1843, a son of Richard and Jane (Hon'eysett) Heath, natives of England, who came to America about 1835 and located in Rochester, where he worked at his trade of shoemaker and carpenter. He settled at Pompey Hill in 1844, and died in Michigan in 1880. Our subject has always devoted his attention to farming, coming to his present place of 54 acres in 1872. He takes an active interest in town affairs, and has served as assessor three years. June 6, 1867, he married Martha A., daughter of Jabez and Anna (Craft) Burgess, early settlers of Chenango Co., who came from Massachusetts to. Pompey, and died on the farm where William Heath now resides, the father in 1880 and the mother in 1890. Mr. Heath enlisted in 1861 in Captain Jenney's Battery F, 3d N. Y. Light Artillery, serving three years, participating in the engagements at Kingston, N. C, White Hall and Blunt's Mills, where he was wounded April 9, 1863. The grandfather of our subject was George, a native of England, who came to America, and died in Geddes, this county. Hungerford, Henry G. , La Fayette, was born in La Fayette Sept. 29, 1823, a son of Jesse and Jane (Emery) Hungerford, of Dewitt and Vermont, respectively. The grandfather came to Dewitt in an early day, where he erected the first carding ma chine and the first plaster mill in the town. He died at the age of 75, and was the father of 15 children. He served as justice of the peace, and was a prominent man in the locality. Henry G. was educated in the common schools, and has always fol lowed farming, now owning 500 acres of land, and village property in Jamesville, being one of the wealthiest men of the town. In 1852 he married Louisa Knapp of La Fayette, daughter of Thomas and Polly (Raymond) Knapp of this town, where they died. Hughes, John E., La Fayette, was born in Richfield, Otsego Co., Jan. 8, 1842, a son of Hiram and Phoebe (Eaton) Hughes, natives of Charleston, Montgomery Co., where he was born in 1806, and she in 1813. They removed to Oswego, Co. , where the father died in 1886, and his widow resides in Pompey. The grandfather was John Hughes, who lived and died in Charleston, Montgomery Co. His wife was Lydia Jameson. John E. was educated in the common and select schools of his native town, and engaged in farming. Coming to Pompey in 1869 he engaged in the manufacture of cheese, and in 1872 came to his present place. He built the Col- linwood Cheese factory in 1872, and manufactured about 35,000 pounds of cheese an nually. In 1875 he married Polly Alexander, by whom he had one son, Irvin A. , born Aug. 18, 1876. Harvey, Job, Spafford, was born in Spafford, Dec. 22, 1826, a son of Peter and Sallie (Hiscock) Harvey, he born in Fort Ann, Vt., in 1794, and his wife born in Au gusta, Madison Co. , in 1797. The former came to Onondaga Co. with his parents in an early day, and was in the war of 1812. He cleared a large part of the land now owned by Job, and there died in 1852, and his wife in 1880. Our subject was reared on the farm and educated in the common and select schools. He was mar ried in 1849 to Chloe A. Mason, a native of Spafford, born in 1825, a daughter of Asa and Anna (Sheldon) Mason, born in Rensselaer Co., N. Y., and Cheshire, Mass., respectively, who came to this town about 1800, where the father died in 1864 and the mother in 1866. Our subject has been president of the Patron's Fire Relief As- FAMILY SKETCHES. 313 sociation of Onondaga Co. since its organization in 1883. The grandfather of our subject had 12 children, of whom but one is now living, Isabelle Harvey, of Chicago. Hall, Arthur C, Clay, was born in Belleville, Jefferson Co., Jan. 9, 1853. The parents, Daniel and Armina, were born in the same county, came to Clay in 1865, and settled on the farm where subject now resides. The father was a miller by trade, which business he followed until he came to Clay, where he took up farming and fol lowed it until his death. He married Armina M, Booner, and their children are: Alice, A. C. , Jessie and Hattie. Our subject has always followed farming, owns 121 acres mostly all under cultivation, and has always taken an active part in politics. He married in 1877 Emma L. , daughter of Henry Goodwin of Lysander, and they have one child, Ernest A. , now attending school in Phoenix. Mr. Hall is a member of the Grange. Hamlin, Prosper S. , Clay, was born in Clay, Aug. 8, 1835, son of David who came from Connecticut in 1823, and first settled in Clay where they lived until they died. The occupation of the family has been farming. David Hamlin married Louanna J Orvis, by whom he had 11 children, subject being the fifth. He now owns a fine farm of 55 acres, all under first class cultivation. He married Melissa A., daughter of Alex. Blanchard, an old and respected gentleman of this town, who lives with Mr. Hamlin and is now 85 years of age, having lived in Clay since 23 years old. Subject has five children: Frank, E. Albert, Alberta, George and William. Hamlin, James M. , Clay, son of Samuel Hamlin, was born Oct. 19, 1861, and is a descendant of the family of Hamlms who emigrated to this country from England. Our subject in his younger days was engaged in farming. In 1885 he started in the general merchandise business at -Gilbert's Mills at which place he continued for three years, but for the last six years he has conducted a large store in Euclid, where, be ing a man of push and energy, he has built up a large trade. He married Carrie, daughter of Tunis Sitterly, a farmer, by whom he had two children, Grant M. and Mabel A. They are members of the M. E. Church. Huntley, William, Salina, was born in Salina in 1856, son of Washington and Cor delia (Goodrich) Huntley. The father, who died in 1873, was a native of Kirkville ; and the mother, a native of Vermont, resides on the homestead in the town of Salina, near the First ward. The Huntley tract of 32 acres was taken off the homestead, leaving 28 acres. Mr. Huntley married Ethel Berey, of Syracuse, by whom he has two children, Hazel and William B. Hay, Mrs. Julia, Camillus, is a native of Camillus. Her father, Asher Isham, came from Herkimer Co. at an early day locating at Belle Isle, where he lived and died. She married the late Luther Hay in 1839, whose father came one of the early settlers from Vermont, located near Belle Isle where he died. Luther Hay was a merchant at Belle Isle and dealt largely in grain. He was also in the mercantile trade in Syracuse several years, and died on the farm still owned by Mrs. Hay in 1888. He was once supervisor. Mrs. Hay has four children: Delvin L., Gralia A., Ida M., and Mrs. J. Anna Dayton. Hamilton, John, Marcellus, was born in La Fayette May 8, 1824, son of Durias and Charlotte Hamilton. Durias was born in Ware, Mass., came to Onondaga Co, liu 314 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. when a young man and bought a farm in La Fayette, which he conducted until his death at the age of 93. John Hamilton was educated in La Fayete and moved to Marcellus in 1865, where he bought the farm on which he has since resided. Mr. Hamilton has two farms, one consisting of 100 acres and the other of 74, both under a fine state of cultivation. He married Sally, daughter of James Clark, of Fabius, by whom he has three children, James, who is married and conducts one of his fath er's farms; Lottie, who married John D. Amidon, and Belle, who lives at home. Henderson, James, Otisco, was born in Stowe, Scotland, Dec. 24, 1830, a son of James and Elizabeth (Shiel) Henderson who came to America from Scotland in 1855, stopping in Syracuse for one year, then removing to Upper Canada, where he en gaged in farming, and there died. Our subject came to America in 1853, settling in Otisco in 1854, where he has since resided. He learned the tailor's trade in Scot land, and on coming to Otisco engaged in that business, having an extensive trade. In 1880 he gave up that business and engaged in general store keeping, which he sold in 1890, and retired. In 1863 he married Francis M. , daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Keevil) Hill, he of Somerset and she of Devonshire, England. Mr Hill came to America in 1833 with his parents, Timothy and Johanna (Stephens) Hill, the former a blacksmith by trade, who died in Marcellus in 1868. Joseph settled in Otisco in 1844, where he has been engaged in general blacksmithing, Mr. and Mrs. Henderson have had nine children : Joseph, who died at the age of six years ; Lizzie, who died in 1889, wife of M. T. Frisby of Syracuse ; William J. , a farmer of Otisco ; Catharine L., wife of L. M. Ellis of this town; Robert H., a clerk of Tully; John K. of this town ; George A. , who resides at home. Mr. Henderson has been an active man in local affairs, having served as supervisor, town clerk, and for eighteen years postmaster. Kneeland, Dr. Jonathan, Onondaga, was born Feb. 10, 1812, in a log cabin in Marcellus, between Skaneateles and Otisco lakes. His father, Warren Kneeland, born in Connecticut in 1771, was a country schoolmaster for twenty-seven years, teaching chiefly in Saratoga and Onondaga counties. Jonathan is the fifth in descent from Edward Kneeland, who came to " Boston Bay " from Scotland in 1732 and left in Haddam, Conn., five children: Deacon John, Warren (above mentioned), Asa, Amasa, and one other. Amasa died in Marcellus in 1845. He came to this county about 1797 and was the father of Hon. Samuel Stillman Kneeland, of Skaneateles, who was born in April, 1811. Deacon John was an architect and builder, while Asa followed farming, teaching, and tanning. Both reared large families, and after liv ing here many years went west, where their children are well-known citizens. War ren came to Pompey from Saratoga county at a very early day to teach in a log school house which the Sweets, Hiscocks, and others erected for the purpose. Dr. Jonathan was a precocious youth, devouring everything he could find in the way of literature. When eleven years of age he became a student in medicine under Dr. Jeremiah Bumpus Whiting, of Sempronius, Cayuga Co. , but soon returned to his father's log house. When sixteen he again left home, this time without leave, and attended district, select, and academic schools. He now weighed ninety pounds. He taught two winter terms of school of four and five months each, and experienced all the questionable delights of "boardin' 'round." When eighteen he entered Lane Seminary in Ohio, and after teaching for a time entered the collegiate department FAMILY SKETCHES. 315 under Dr. Lyman Beecher. Here after faithfully nursing his schoolmaster through the disease he suffered an attack of Asiatic cholera, which left him an invalid for nine years. Fighting bravely through his weakness and ill-health, however, he con tinued to pursue his medical studies, and in 1842 was licensed by the Onondaga County Medical Society as a physician. He then opened an office in Vesper, a little village in the town of Tully, but in 1843 removed to Thorn Hill in Marcellus, where he was married on Feb. 7, 1845, to Miss Miriam, only daughter of Moses Martin Dwelle, of Onondaga. After several years' practice there he settled in South Onon daga, where he has since resided. Dr. Kneeland's children, all born at Thorn Hill, were Frank Joel, born in Dec, 1845, who has been for thirteen years an active busi ness man in Fergus Falls, Minn. ; Martin Dwelle, D.D., born Sept. 24, 1848, pastor of the Knoxbury Presbyterian church, of Boston, Mass. , ; and Stella, born Feb. 20, 1854, wife of Fred Colburn, of Syracuse. These have borne him eight grandchil dren. In 1854 the New York State Medical Society conferred upon Dr. Kneeland the degree of M.D., and in 1856 he received a similar honor from the Regents. These honors came entirely unsought, but were conferred for well-known merit. During his extensive and succcessful practice, covering a period of about fifty years, Dr. Kneeland sought to keep abreast with the best men in his profession, not only by constant study, but by attending lectures in both Philadelphia and New York city, and by service in hospitals and dispensaries, as well as by faithful attendance at the various county, State and national medical societies to which he belonged. He was a delegate to the State Medical Society for four years and an active member for twenty years, and has been for thirty-six years a member of the American Medi cal Association. He has contributed to various medical journals, some of his writ ings having been published in magazines in other countries, attracting wide atten tion. He has filled various offices of trust and honor with scrupulous integrity. He served as coroner eighteen years, as superintendent of the Onondaga Indian school twenty-five years, and as physician to the Onondaga Indians ten years. As a vol unteer surgeon in the Civil war he did valiant work in the special corps, and his services were appreciated and honored. His career is strewn with acts of kindness, with numerous warm, admiring friends, and with no enemies. His has ever been a profitable life, filled with deeds imperishable, graced by that precious attribute — an approving conscience. Dodge, Levi Woodbury, Syracuse, second of three sons of William and Eunice (Newell) Dodge, was born in Whitefield, N. H., July 21, 1834. His parents, of sub stantial old Puritan stock, were pioneers of that historic town in the White Moun tains, one of the last chartered by the grace of King George III to his "dutiful sub jects " in 1774. William Dodge was a merchant and postmaster, served as town clerk many years, representative at General Court, and early and always identified with the cause of education. Levi W. was left fatherless in 1837, and under his guardian and stepfather his life until early manhood was that of most farmers' boys among the granite hills of New England. He attended the public schools of his na tive village, and like many young men of that section passed the winters after his sixteenth year in school teaching, with marked success. In 1854, with misgivings born of poverty and a not over strong constitution, he entered Newbury (Vt.) Semi nary to prepare himself for a college education and a professional life, but at the 316 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. completion of this course failing health compelled him to abandon the idea of a col legiate training and look for the bettering of his physical condition. Drifting west ward in 1862 Mr. Dodge was induced to stop at Syracuse, which he has ever since claimed as his residence, and for twenty-five years has been the trusted manager of the retail department of the coal trade of the D. , L. & W. R. R. Co., with office in Clinton street. Dec. 17, 1864, Mr. Dodge wedded with Caroline Wilson Webb of Utica, N. Y., a woman of strong character, industrious, careful and conscientious. Two children resulted from this union: William Henry Dodge, D. D. S., and Beulah Chase Dodge. The immigrant ancestor of this ancient Anglo-Saxon family was William, who landed at old Naumkeag, now Salem, Mass., in 1628, where he estab^ lished himself upon " Cape Ann Side," afterward set off as Beverly. The ancient records of the two towns show that William Dodge and his two sons, John and William, took prominent parts in the affairs of church and state. The father was familiarly known as ' ' Farmer William" and was one of the founders and deacon of the first church there in 1667. The sons were noted Indian fighters, for the ' ' King Philip's War " was on. In the first book printed on this continent — "Hubbard's Indian Wars" — William Dodge is thus mentioned. 1675, Jan. 21, "Capt. Prentice, his Troop being abroad, met with a Party of the enemy of whom they took Two prisoners and killed nine : in which exploit something hap'ned very remarkable for one W. Dodge of Salem riding in company with another friend: they hap'ned to meet with two Indians: the said Dodge being better horsed than his friend made after the foremost leaving his friend to deal with the hindermost: but his pistol missed firing: whereupon the Indian tak ing him by the leg, turned him off his horse and getting upon him was about killing him with his knife: which Mr. Dodge by chance espied and came time enough to do his business also by that means he did Three good offices at once, saved the life of one friend and slew two of his enemies." Doctors, lawyers, warriors, clergymen and statesmen have been scattered all along the line from William the immigrant to the eighth generation (Dr. William, of Syracuse, son of Levi W.). The first appearance of this name in history is from an ancient Patent of Arms found in the Herald's Col lege, London, written in Norman French and under date of 1306, or 34th of Edward the First, .granted to Pierre Dodge, who fought under Edward in his Scottish wars to punish John Baliol, his liege, who he appointed king of Scotland, but who re volted and became a public enemy. The barony of Coldingham, granted to Pierre Dodge as a reward for valor in arms, was located in the southeast of Scotland, about twelve miles from Berwick and in the vicinity of Melrose Abbey, but on account of the fortunes of war the grantee probably never entered upon his Scottish heritage, and it was afterward granted to the Earl of Bothwell, again confiscated, and became the estate of Lord Hume, in which title it remains to this day. Levi W. Dodge has strong literary tastes, and is the author of many magazine articles and historic sketches, among which are "In the Footprints of the Pioneers," " Cooashauke," "Along the John's River," " Col. Joseph Whipple," and " Summer Saunterings," to gether with many published notes of travel and an unpublished •' History of White- field" from 1774 to 1850. His line of American ancestry through eight generations is: (1) William Dodge, the immigrant, passenger by ship "Lyon's Whelp" in 1629 from Devonshire, England; (2) Capt. William, born 1640, wife Mary, daughter of Roger Conant, second Joanna, daughter of Dea. Robert Hale ; (3) Col. Robert, born 1686, wife Lydia Woodbury; (4) Dea. William, born 1732, wife Mary Baker, of Wen, FAMILY SKETCHES. 317 ham, second wife Mary Trask; (5) Simeon, born 1755, wife Mary Balch, of Beverly, a part of ancient Salem; (6) William, born 1795, wife Eunice Newell, Mason, N. H. ; (7) Levi Woodbury, subject of this sketch. Simeon Dodge (5) was a soldier of the Revolution and an active participant in the battles of Concord and Lexington, fol lowing the British back to Boston. He was in Colonel Tupper's Regiment until Feb ruary 13, 1780. Beverly by the sea was the ancestral town where four generations of the Dodges joined homestead to homestead, and where within the silent city called "Dodges Row" they are still side by side. Levi W. Dodge joined the Masons at Lancaster, N. H., May 17, 1859, uniting with North Star Lodge, No. 8. He is a de voted adherent of the fraternity and strongly interested in its prosperity. April 24, 1862, he received the Chapter degree in Franklin Chapter, Lisbon, N. H. He be came a member of Central City Council, Royal and Select Masters, Sept. 7, 1892, and was knighted in Central City Commandery July 28, 1893. In 1894 he received the Scottish Rite degrees in the bodies of the rite located in the valley of Syracuse, N.Y. to and including the 32d degree or Sublime Prince of the Royal Secret. In the vari ous bodies of American Rite he has served as chaplain for several years. Mr. Dodge's political tutor was an old time abolitionist, a friend and follower of John P. Hale and worshiper at the political shrine of Henry Wilson, Charles Sumner, and William Lloyd Garrison. His first vote for president was cast for John C. Fremont in 1856. Rapp, Gustav Albert, Syracuse, was born in Vaihingen am Ae Anz, kingdom of Wurtemberg. Germany, April 8, 1842, and is a son of Christian Wilhelm Rapp, a combmaker. He was educated in his native city until the age of fourteen, when he learned the tailor's trade, which he followed there for three years. He then traveled in Germany as a journeyman, and when twenty-one entered the National army as a member of the 8th Regt. Inf., in which he served one and one-half years. He then continued his trade in Germany until 1866, when he came to America, landing in New York on the 2d of May. Coming direct to Syracuse, whither his brother, Will iam A. Rapp, late sergeant of the police force, who died Dec. 9, 1895, had preceded him, he engaged in tailoring about three years, and following this, spent eighteen months in Boston, Buffalo, and Illinois. In 1873 he established himself as a merchant tailor at No. 624 South West street, where he has ever since carried on a successful business. He is a charter member of Ossahinta Lodge, No. 153, A. O. U. W., and a member of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A. M. Feb. 23, 1871, he was married to Miss Margerith Pruger, by whom he has two children: William L. and Gustav B. Collins, Dr. John, was born at Brookfield, Madison Co., New York, Feb. 10, 1804; graduated from the Medical College at Castleton, Vt. , in 1829 ; came to Spafford in 1830, and practiced medicine there until his decease which occurred Aug. 15, 1853. On his paternal side he was of the seventh generation in a continuous line of succes sion of Johns from Henry Collins, starchmaker, and Ann his wife who came in the ship "Abigail" with their three children and five servants June 29, 1635, from Step ney Parish, London, and settled in Essex street, Lynn, Essex Co., Mass. Henry Collins was possessed of property ; was a man of influence and more than ordinary intelligence, and his name is often spoken of in connection with the early transac tions of Essex Co. He was at one time a member of the General Court; was one of the men in charge of the public lands, and his name on one or two occasions is 318 ' ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL spoken of as an advocate employed in the defense of persons tried in court for public offences. By his wife Ann he had four children, Henry, John, Margery and Joseph; the latter probably born on shipboard during the passage to America, as his name is not mentioned in the Custom House Clearance bill or in public records of Essex Co. John Collins (son of Henry and Ann) was a shipowner and was lost at sea with a son bearing his father's name. By his wife Abigail Johnson he had sixteen chil dren, twelve of whom survived him. The name of the youngest, a young child still in the arms of the mother, was on the death of the father changed by her from Will iam to John and afterwards so called. This John, who was a Quaker, married Susan nah Daggett and, probably on account of religious persecution, moved to Rhode Island, and with five others took up a tract of 3,000 acres of wild land in what is now the northeastern part of the town of Hopkinton, Washington Co. Of Susannah Daggett tradition has handed down this story which years ago found its way into print. When a small child she was taken to the wigwam of an Indian chief by his squaw who found her lost in the woods. Late at night the chief returning home told the squaw of a plan adopted to exterminate the whites. She cautioned him saying that there was a little pale face sleeping in a bed of skins in the wigwam. The chief then told her the child must die, to which she remonstrated saying that she had promised to take her home in the morning. The chief passing a firebrand over the face of Susannah and observing no signs of consciousness spared her life and she was able afterward to give her friends timely warning and thwart the plans of the Indians. From John and Susannah are descended all or nearly all the numerous Collins families who have resided or originated in YVashington Co., R. I. Their de scendants have been scattered to all parts of the Northern States and every where have been classed among the reputable men and women in the communities in which they have resided. They have been represented in all professions and business pursuits, and, notwithstanding the Quaker stock, in times, of war they have contributed gen erously of their numbers to the armies and navies of the United States. This John by his wife Susannah had ten children, of whom John, the great-grandfather of the sub ject of this sketch, was a Quaker preacher of unusual talents and great power and in fluence in the denomination to which he belonged. According to the custom of this sect his remains and that of his wife, Mehitable Elizabeth Bowen, now repose in unmarked graves in the "burial yard " surrounding the little Quaker church one mile west of the village of Hopkinton, R. I. To John and Mehitable were born nine children, six in Hopkinton and the three youngest in the town of Stonington, Conn. John, the first born of John and Mehitable, had a large family of children, among whom was John Collins, born at Hopkinton April 18, 1771, who moved to Brookfield, Madison Co. , N. Y. , before 1796 with a party of first settlers in that town from Washington Co., R. I., and Stonington, Conn. After arriving in Brookfield the last named John was united in marriage with Lucy Burdick, daughter 'of Thompson Burdick, another first settler from Stonington and a Revolutionary soldier in the 1st Regiment of Continentals of the Rhode Island Line. Lucy Burdick, wife of John Collins, was of the fifth generation by descent from Robert Burdick, one of the first settlers in the town of Westerly, and one of the first deputies for that town in the General Court of Rhode Island and who came from England between 1633 and 1650 and prior to coming to Westerly was a freeman at Newport. Dr. John Collins, the subject of this article, was the fifth child in a family of eleven children, nine of whom arrived at maturity, FAMILY SKETCHES. 319 who were born unto John Collins and Lucy Burdick his wife, of Brookfield. Owing to intermarriage of his ancestors for several generations with well known families of Washington Co. a full account of his lineage would involve the recital of nearly every tradition and nearly every early transaction of the State of Rhode Island, which is not within the province of this article, but of him it can be truthfully said, whether to his credit or not, that every drop of blood in his veins was English pure and simple in the strictest and narrowest sense of the word. His boyhood was spent on the farm of his father in Brookfield and was subject to all the hardships and depriva tions of pioneer life, yet with indomitable pluck and perseverauce he was able to ac quire an excellent education for his time and far above the average of the community in which he lived. Like many other young men he taught school several winters to obtain the means to meet expenses for a higher education. Soon after settling in Spafford he acquired an extensive practice in his chosen profession of medicine and ever led an active life ; commanding respect from all, and by merit alone was able to retain possession of his chosen field of labors against the encroachments of all new comers. He was never an aspirant for office, and was loath to accept public prefer ment when offered, yet for several years he acted as school commissioner and post master, because the first was congenial to his tastes and the latter involved no part of his personal attention. He was one of the founders of the Methodist Episcopal church at Spafford, and generally supported and advocated any good and worthy cause which he believed would advance the moral interest and material welfare of his townspeople. On the 4th day of April, 1832, Dr. Collins was united in marriage with Mary Ann Roundy, daughter of Capt. Asahel and Hannah (Weston) Roundy of Spafford, by whom he had eight children, three only arriving at maturity. One of his sons, Capt. George Knapp Collins, is now (1896) an attorney and counselor at law in practice in the city of Syracuse, and served as captain in the 149th N. Y. Vols. during the war of the Rebellion. Dr. Collins at an early date joined the Onondaga County Medical Society and was generally respected by his fellows for his social and professional attainments. After a lapse of more than forty years his name is still treasured in nearly every household embraced within the scope of his labors with affectionate regard. Hanchett, Milton Waldo. — One of the very oldest residents of Syracuse, and prob ably of Onondaga Co., now living, is Mr. M. W. Hanchett, son of Dr. Wilkes Han chett, and grandson of Capt. Oliver Hanchett, who was a son of Lieut. John Han chett, son of John, son of John, son of Deacon Thomas Hanchett, who landed at Nantasket in 1630, having reached that port in the good ship Mary and John from Plymouth, England. This long line of descent, establishing, if anything can, an American lineage, contains several names to which honorable deeds have been cred ited. The head of the family, after serving as deacon or selectman in a number of the oldest towns of New England, finally became one of the original landholders of Suffield, Conn. Here all of the succeeding line have lived for longer or shorter periods, and here most of them were born. Lieut. John was a hero of the Indian wars, and trained his son Oliver in that love of freedom and country that distin guished the good men and true of 1776. Oliver Hanchett, when but twenty-four years of age, and fifteen days after George Washington was commissioned comman der-in-chief of the American army, received from Congress, signed by John Han- 320 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. cock, a commission as captain in the 33d Regiment of the army of the United Colo nies; and in Oct. of that same year, he set out with Benedict Arnold, on the latter's expedition to aid General Montgomery in the siege of Quebec. It is related of him that he succeeded with five or six men, in forcing an entrance into the city and into the presence of its commander, who, supposing him to be supported by the army, yielded at first to Captain Hanchett's demand, and surrendered his sword. Finding, however, that but a handful of men, more brave or venturesome than their fellows, had broken through the defenses, he promptly turned the tables upon his captors, and placed them in prison, where Captain Hanchett remained for about a year in company with a number of his command of soldiers. Here he was fortunately able, out of his private purse, to alleviate somewhat the distress of his fellow prisoners, making advances which were subsequently refunded to him, by order of the Legisla ture, after he had obtained liberty through an exchange of prisoners of war. After the colonies had secured their independence, Captain Hanchett became deputy sheriff of Hartford Co., and built a house in Suffield which is still standing, occupied, and in excellent condition. He had several children, the fourth of whom was his eldest son, Dr. John Wilkes Hanchett, well known to many of the older inhabitants of Syr acuse, where he spent most of his days, and died in Oct., 1844. When the subject of this sketch was but two years old, Dr. Hanchett removed to Onondaga Valley, and two years later removed to Syracuse, which, by reason of the opening of the Erie Canal, seemed likely to prove the more advantageous location from a business point of view. Since 1826 then, with the exception of four or five years in the neighbor hood of 1850, Mr. Hanchett's whole life has been passed in the city of Syracuse, whose growth and progress he has watched for almost seventy years. He began his business career as a small manufacturer, became a druggist soon after, still later he studied and practiced dentistry, being associated with Dr. Amos Westcott, and for a time during the latter's incumbency of a chair in the Baltimore College of Dentistry, had charge of his office and practice. But about forty years ago he became an un derwriter, and has continued in that business until the present time. He has also been actively interested in the New York State Banking Company, of which he has been vice-president for a number of years; and, having most remarkable mechanical skill, he has taken out several patents for useful inventions. As a lad he was con nected with the old First Presbyterian church, but with his parents helped to organize the First Congregational church, and afterward was a prime mover in the organiza tion of Plymouth church. In this church he has been active for years as an organist and director of music, as superintendent of the Sunday school, and as clerk; and it was there he began the work which afterward grew into a decidedly conspicuous success— the work of Bible study, and directing the research of a large class of adults into unfamiliar lines of scriptural investigation. He was also temporarily connected as organist and musical director, with the Salina Presbyterian church, and with St. Paul's church. He was twice elected president of the Young Men's Christian Asso ciation, whose recent activity and whose employment of a paid secretary, date from his incumbency. Mr. Hanchett's mind is peculiarly alert and far-seeing, and he re tains with remarkable distinctness and accuracy, the impressions of a lifetime. He often speaks with the greatest interest of his recollection of seeing La Fayette on his visit to this country as the guest of the nation in 1824. He recalls the first railway train that ever appeared in Syracuse, and he has recently completed for the Histori- FAMILY SKETCHES. 321 cal Society, drawings, made from memory, of a number of the buildings which were conspicuous in the early days of the village of Syracuse. These drawings have sat isfied many who have seen them of their accuracy, and afford the only means now available for recalling the appearance of the old First Presbyterian church, the old Mansion House, and other buildings that are remembered with affectionate interest by early settlers. Mr. Hanchett married, in 1848, Martha Anna, daughter of Jared Huntington, of Owego, Tioga Co., N. Y. , and sister of Mrs. Jared F. Phelps, who was at that time a resident of Syracuse, but who removed with her husband to Caze novia more than forty years ago. His children were a daughter who died in infancy ; Dr. Henry G. Hanchett, a musical artist and teacher of New York city and Brook lyn; and Miss Addie Elvira Hanchett, deceased. Jayne, William, Elbridge, is a son of A. L. Jayne of Tioga Co., and Charlotte Robinson, his wife, who was born in Tioga in 1843. The family is of English de scent, and came from Orange Co. A. L. Jayne died on his farm in 1892. Our sub ject received his education in Tioga, and acted as clerk in various stores, being one year with McCarthy in Syracuse, and came to. Jordan in 1867, where he has since lived, and had a position in J. W. Dye's store. He married Lucie, daughter of George W. Wright, whose family was one of the early ones of the town. Mr. Jayne was president of the village in 1893. He and family are influential members of the Presbyterian church. James, Job, Onondaga, was born in England, and came to America, settling in Onondaga. His father was Isaac, and his mother Mary James. Our subject mar ried Mary Emsbury, who died Dec. 8, 1888, leavingthree children : Louis, Arthur, and Florence. Mr. James owns a fine place of 48 acres under good cultivation, and is a veteran of the late war, having enlisted in 1864 in Co. C, 9th N. Y. Heavy Artillery. He was taken prisoner at Frederick City, Md., but escaped from the guards. He was wounded and taken prisoner again, but recaptured, at the battle of Cedar Creek, and was sent to the hospital at Baltimore. June, Martin, was born in Fabius in 1841, one of nine children of Josel and Elvina (Moray) June, natives of Hudson and Vermont respectively. Mr. June came to Onondaga Co. when there were but a few houses where the city of Syracuse now stands. He settled in Fabius, where he died in 1839. His widow died in 1891. Ben jamin, grandfather of Martin, died at the age of 103 years in Fabius. He came from Hudson, near Albany, his father having come from Scotland to that place in an early day. Martin June has always followed farming, and has been for twelve years on the Peck farm in Fabius, a place of 321 acres, where he carries on general' farming and dairying, keeping about fifty cows. In 1862 he married Frances Vaill of Tully, and they have three children: Olive M., wife of Elmer Neal of Fabius, by whom she has one daughter ; Grace Elvira, wife of Clarence Fellows, a farmer of Fabius, by whom she has one son, June Fellows; and Mabel, at home. Ide, Francis, Spafford, born in Spafford, Sept. 29, 1837, a son of Henry and Har riet (Colton) Ide. The father was a native of Washington Co., born in 1809 and his wife born in this town in 1811. The grandfather was Roger Ide, who came to Spaf ford from Washington Co. He was a Free Will Baptist minister, and a farmer. His death occurred in 1863. His wife was Esther Ide, who also died in Spafford. The 322 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. father of our subject was a farmer, and spent most of his life in this town, where he drove a stage in the early days, from Jordan to Homer. He was a prominent farmer, and owned 220 acres of land, also buying and selling fine horses. He was also a veterinary surgeon of merit. He was a Baptist as was also his wife, and he was deacon in the church for many years. He died Dec. 22, 1892, and his wife Dec. 13, 1871. Francis Ide was educated in the public schools, and followed farming after completing his studies. He now owns 117 acres in Borodino, and has made a specialty of the breeding of fine horses. He has served as justice twenty years and is a member of the Grange and Alliance. In 1860 he married Mary J. Olmstead of this town, a daughter of Isaac Olmstead, and they have had these children : Hattie, born October 5. 1860, who died Jan, 19, 1876; and Grant, born Nov. 16, 1869. Jones, Allen M., Camillus, was born in Syracuse in 1844, son of Morris R. and Elizabeth (Little) Jones. The father was a millwright and built every salt mill on the reservation up to date of his demise in 1874, and was also the inventor of all the principal improvements in the manufacture of salt. Mr. Jones followed his father's trade till 1881, when he located on his farm on Genesee street. In 1873 he married Anna M. Hitchcock, and has one daughter, Myrtle. He is the present assessor for Camillus. Johnson, Henry P., a native of Camillus, born on the farm where he now lives in 1847, is a son of Abram and Lucy M. (Ladd) Johnson. The grandfather, Peter John son, located on the same farm in 1811, and died here when 88 years old. His old home built by him still stands. Abraham and a brother Joseph purchased a farm near the old home place, afterward dividing it, and Abraham sold his part to the State Asylum for their Fairmount tract. Subject's father died in 1895 aged 86, and the mother resides with Mr. Johnson. In 1882 Mr. Johnson married Ida M. Lusk, a native of Germany. The original Johnson tract consisted of 84 acres, of which Mr. Johnson has 64 acres. Kingsley, Cyrus H., Van Buren, was born in Connecticut and came to Onondaga Co. in 1811. He married Hannah, daughter of John Sears, by whom he had five children. Mr. Kingsley was a prominent man of his town throughout his life. He held various offces of trust, among which were those of supervisor and justice of the peace. He was a man of sterling character and received the respect of all who knew him. He died in 1878, aged 90 years, a loss not only to his family but to all who knew him. Johnson, Stephen G., was born in the town of Y'an Buren, Nov. 8, 1825. James Johnson, his father, came to Onondaga Co. in 1818 and purchased a farm on lot No. 8, where his descendants now reside, and which has been in the family nearly 80 years. He married Catherine Wright, by whom he had nine children, three of whom are now living. James Johnson was a man of means and was able to pay down for" his farm, which was something unusual in these early days and from the time of purchase to the present there has never been a mortgage or blot on the title. Stephen was educated in the common schools. In 1851 he married Chloe Loveless, by whom he had six children. Mr. Johnson is one of the best farmers of the town, and is rec ognized as a man of sterling character. Kendall, Stephen, Manlius, was born in the town of Dewitt, June 5, 1863. George, FAMILY SKETCHES. 323 his father, was born in England in Feb. , 1833. He received a common school educa tion. He came to the United States when 18 years of age and engaged in farming. In Oct., 1861, he was married and settled on a farm in the town of Dewitt, where he lived until 1866. He then moved to Onondaga Valley, making his home in the town of Onondaga for 16 years. He then spent two years in Dewitt, but in 1884 bought a farm of 52 acres in the town of Manlius, where he died July 6, 1887. His wife was Mary Cams, of Ireland, who is still living at the age of 58 years. Six children were born to this union, three of whom died in infancy: Stephen, the oldest; AnnaM., died Nov. 15, 1874, aged nine years; and Harriet M., wife of Peter Thomas, a blacksmith, of Manlius Station. Stephen was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming. On the death of his father, he took charge of the farm and has since con tinued its management. He is a member of St. Matthew's church, of Dewitt. Johnson, Peter, Manlius, was born in Clifton Park, Saratoga Co., Aug. 16, 1795. He was eight years old when his parents moved to Schoharie Co., where he was reared and educated. In 1830 he moved to Oneida Co. and engaged in boating for five years. He then made his home in Manlius for three years, but returned to Scho harie Co. , where he lived sixteen years. In 1854 he moved to Manlius and bought a farm of 150 acres, which he conducted for 14 years. He then removed to a farm of 21 acres, where he has since made his home. Mr. Johnson enjoys the distinction of , being the oldest man in the county. He is of English and German descent. He has held some of the minor town offices. In 1816 he married Abigail Crane, of Weathersfield, Conn., who died in 1830, leaving three children: William C. , a farmer, of Caledonia, Livingston Co.; John, a farmer of Roy, Greene Co.; and Mary A., widow of L. W. Dibbell. In 1831 Mr. Johnson married Eliza A. Perry, of Rome, Oneida Co., by whom he had three sons: Henry, died at the age of 21 years; Byron C, conducts the farm; and Edward, a manufacturer of Zanesville, Ohio. Kipperle, Andrew, Manlius, was born in Alsace, France, now a part of Germany, Aug. 23, 1825. His parents came to this country July 4, 1832. His father, John Kipperle, in partnership with Sebastian Kipperle, Joseph Brosia, and a Mr. Trow, bought 100 acres of land m the town of Manlius, of which John Kipperle was to have 30 acres, and it was on this farm he reared his family and lived up to the time of his death, which occurred Oct. 18, 1870. His wife, Catherine Snaveley, died March 12, 1882. Eight children were born to this union. Andrew, the second son, had very little chance for education in his early days, but has learned much by his well chosen reading and close observation. He assisted his father on the farm until 24 years of age. In 1849 he went to Syracuse and entered the employ of Clark & Alvord, with whom he remained 16 years. In 1864 he returned to the town of Manlius and the next spring bought a small place, which by his industry and perseverance he has in creased to a fine farm of 73 acres. Nov. 17, 1851, Mr. Kipperle married Elizabeth, daughter of John Gerthoffer, by whom he has three children : Mary, wife of William Miller, a machinist in the Smith Gun Works, at Fulton ; Caroline, wife of John P. Snyder, a farmer and railroadman, of Manlius; and Elizabeth, wife of Peter Greiner, a farmer, also of Manlius. King, Caleb E., Spafford, was born in Tully, Feb. 23, 1863, a son of Caleb and Elizabeth (Bennett) King. Caleb, the father, was born in West Greenwich, R. I., and Mrs. King in Tully. Mr. King came to Pompey when a young man, but soon 324 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. after went to Preble, where he remained two years. He then went to Tully and en gaged in farming, where he died Feb. 22, 1863. Mrs. King died in 1873. Caleb E. was educated in Vesper School and Homer Academy. At the age of 21 he came to Spafford, where he engaged in the mercantile business. Mr. King carries a full line of general merchandise and commands nearly all of the trade in the place. In 1886 he married Mary E. , daughter of John and Marian Landphier, of Scott, N. Y. Mr. and Mrs. King have one daughter: Ruth E. Mr. King was postmaster for two years under Cleveland's first administration and was again appointed to that position in Oct., 1893. Kelley, Thomas, Skaneateles, was born in Mount Morris, Genesee Co., N. Y., son of John Kelley, a farmer. He came to Auburn, Cayuga Co. , where he received a common school education, then went to work on a farm, and from that he went to blacksmithing, at which he has since worked. He volunteered in the late war and went to the front with the 15th Regiment of Engineers, N. Y. S. Vols., and served until the close of the war. Mr. Kelley first came to Skaneateles in 1854, and is one of the best, known citizens in the town. He has been a member of the Board of Edu cation, is a trustee of the Presbyterian church, and has been trustee of the village for 20 years. He married Emily Cornell, of Skaneateles, by whom he had one son, Frank. She died in 1879. Mr. Kelley afterward married Martha Patterson, of Skaneateles, by whom he has two daughters, Maud C. and Mabel S. Kellogg, Daniel, Skaneateles, a lawyer, son of Samuel Kellogg, of Williamstown, Mass., where he was born April 19, 1780, studied with Abraham Van Vechten, of Albany, N. Y., where he was admitted to the bar in 1800. He settled in Auburn in 1801, but in 1803 he moved to Skaneateles where he resided until his death, May 4, 1836. In 1813 he was appointed district attorney for the counties of Cayuga, Che nango, Cortland, and Onondaga, the duties of which he discharged with character istic ability for three years. In 1818 he was elected president of the Bank of Auburn, which position he held for 18 years. In 1802 he married Laura Hyde, who was born at Sharon, Conn., March 32, 1786. His death was regarded as a public calamity by business men who knew him and could appreciate his worth. He left the following children: Augustus, a lawyer, admitted as an attorney to the courts of New York State, born July 3, 1803, died Oct. 30, 1861; Mary A.; John, born in April, 1807; Catherine, born July 27, 1814; and Daniel, born Nov. 22, 1817. Thomas C. and Walter H. Kellogg, known as the Kellogg Brothers, sons of the preceding, first started in the teasel business in a small way. In the fall of 1876 they begun to do business as Kellogg Bros., and since that time the business has shown a steady in crease in the face of the fact that the sale of teasels has generally decreased, owing to the introduction of machinery to be used in the place of them. This industry has contributed largely to the prosperity of Skaneateles and Marcellus. Thomas C. was born April 8, 1858, and Walter H., April 28, 1860. Walter married Jennie L. Kellogg of Skaneateles. Kortright, Jacob L., proprietor of the Kortright House at Jamesville, was born in Dewitt in 1835. His parents, Matthew and Angeline (Townsend) Kortright, came from Ulster Co. to Onondaga Co. , where they died. The father died in 1884, aged 73, and the mother in 1876, aged 78. Mr. Kortright was raised on a farm. In 1857 he married Loretta A. Dunlop. In 1867 he located at Jamesville and started the FAMILY SKETCHES. 325 hotel business. In 1877 his buildings were destroyed by fire, but the next year he erected his present commodious and conveniently arranged hotel, which is two stories high and consists of 25 large well-furnished rooms. King, Charles H., Dewitt, manufacturer of cider and cider vinegar, was born in Dewitt in 1853, son of James H. and Caroline (Church) King. Until he reached the age of 15 he resided on a farm, and then worked in the grist and plaster mills. After this he was engaged in the hotel business with his father for three years in Canada. He began his present business in a small way in 1872, and now makes from 2,000 to 5,000 barrels per season. In 1890 he married Jennie Buckman of Madi son Co. Kelly, T. D. , Baldwinsville, was born Aug. 7, 1848, son of Daniel J. , who came to Lysander in 1820 from Dutchess Co. T. D., who was the youngest of nine children, was educated in the common schools and finished at Falley Seminary, Fulton, N.Y. , after which he returned to his father's farm. He married Alice, daughter of Alexander Coenn, by whom he has three children: Frank M., Maud A., and Mary A. Mrs. Kelly died in 1887. In 1888 he purchased the Mills property, raising large amounts of hay, grain, stock, and tobacco. He is one of the representative farmers of the town. Keller, James H., Baldwinsville, was born in Cicero, Feb. 19, 1828, son of Abram Keller, a native of Minden, Montgomery Co., who came to Cicero in 1825. Abram married Eva Slingerland, by whom he had five children, three of whom are now living. Mr. Keller followed farming up to the time of his death, in 1874, aged 71. James H. was educated in the common schools. At the age 23 he married Fanny Bowman, who died July 1, 1865. In 1867 he married Margaret, daughter of Thomas S. Martin. They have three children: Charles, Mrs. Mabel Fenner, and Mrs. Ophelia Hayes of Madison, Minn. Mr. Keller has served as poormaster for five years. He is one of the leading farmers of the town. Kelley, James M., Baldwinsville, was born in Lysander, March 7, 1844, son of Daniel J., anative of Dutchess Co. Daniel J. came to Lysander in 1820, and mar ried Nancy Cram. He was one of the most successful farmers of the town until his death in 1877, in his 73d year. James M. was educated in the common schools. He married Elizabeth Johnson, of Liverpool, by whom he has one son, Daniel. Mr. Kelley resides on the Kelley homestead, which has been in the family 75 years. He is trustee of the school and excise commissioner. He is one of the representative farmers of the town. Kaple, J. D., M.D., Baldwinsville, was born in Otsego Co., Sept. 30, 1848, son of Bela J. Kaple, also a native of Otsego Co. The family came from England in 1650. Bela J. was a prominent farmer of his town. He married Sallie Coffin and they had six children, three of whom are now living. J. D. Kaple was educated at Westford Institute, attended medical college, and graduated. He married Martha, daughter of Charles Goodrich, of Littlefield, Otsego Co., and they have one son, Edward B., who is attending college at Cleveland, O. Mr. Kaple is one of the leading men of the town. Brewer, Sylvester, Manlius, was born in Duanesburg, Schenectady Co., June 14, 1845. John, his father, was a farmer of that county and died in the city of Schenec- 326 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL tady in Jan., 1882. Sylvester, second son of six children, was educated in the com mon schools. He then worked on his father's farm until 15 years of age, then began railroading as section hand on track repairs on the D. & H. C. Co. R. R., with whom he remained seven years. In 1871 he was made foreman of the section and has since occupied that position, although not always with the same company, having been employed on the D. & H., West Shore, and N. Y. C. R. R. Nov. 2, 1887, he was made foreman of Section 17 of the N. Y. C. and removed with his family to Manlius Station, where he has since made his home. In 1864 Mr. Brewer married Hannah Van Wormer, of Glenville, Schenectady Co. , and they have had eight chil dren, five of whom are now living: William, an employee of the N Y. C. R. R. ; Oliver, also a railroad man ; Clarence, who conducts a livery and sale stable at Man lius Station; Anna, wife of Richard Fulom, yard master at Schenectady; and Minnie, wife of Charles Baily, bridge inspector for the United States government, now a resident of New York city. The other three children died in infancy. Beecher Robert Malcolm, Syracuse, was born in Pleasant Valley, Dutchess Co., N.Y'., Oct. 19, 1830. His grandfather was Samuel Beecher, a native of Connecticut, born in New Haven, Nov. 26, 1750, and died Aug. 24, 1834. His wife was Tem perance Beecher, whom he married June 3, 1777; she died Sept. 9, 1841. They had four children, one of whom was David Beecher, born in Connecticut, and a lawyer by profession. He graduated from Williams College, and began practice in Caneseraga, Madison Co. , N. Y. , became prominent in politics, and was elected to the Assembly in 1814. He was also connected with the local militia and rose to the rank of colonel. On Nov. 17, 1806, he married Sarah M. Thompson, who was directly descended from Lady Mary Butler, while he traced his ancestry back to the Duke of Ormond. They settled in Dutchess Co. in 1827. His children consisted of Thomas W., born at Rhinebeck, Oct. 4, 1807, died Feb. 8, 1878; Samuel Theodore, born at Sullivan, Jan. 6, 1810, died Feb. 1, 1865; Laura, born at Sullivan, May 19, 1813, died Nov. 25, 1838; Catherine T., born at Sullivan, April 8, 1815, died June 7, 1847; Will iam A., born at Sullivan, Nov. 19, 1817, died June 8, 1860; David, jr., born at Sulli van, Oct. 26, 1821, died July 20, 1857; Robert M., the subject, born at Pleasant Valley, Oct. 19, 1830. David Beecher died Nov. 6, 1845, and his wife died Dec. 27, 1841. Robert M. Beecher received his education in common schools in New York city and New Haven, Conn. He left school at about fourteen yeears of age and served in a shipping office in New York city whence emigrants were returned to their homes. In 1847 he located in Syracuse, served one year in a dry goods store, where bis health failed, and he engaged as bookkeeper in the old Star newspaper office for Kinney & Masters, where he remained four years. He then learned daguerreotyping and with his instructor opened a gallery in Broadway, New Y'ork. During the succeeding years up to 1857 he served in a New York wholesale office about two years ; as bookkeeper in Port Byron one year ; in Syracuse one year in a dry goods store ; in Cardiff as proprietor of a general store about two years, when he again located in Syracuse in the spring of 1857, accepting a position in the canal col lector's office and remained in that connection one year under the late William L. Palmer, and the following as assistant weighmas'ter under the late Col. B. L. Higgins; succeeding which he served about two years in the canal superintendent's office under Philip P. Midler. He then served two years in the canal engineering family sketches. 327 department in clerical work. In the latter part of 1861 he assumed charge of the D., L. & W. coal business, shipping yards at Geddes, which he conducted until the spring of 1863. Mr. Beecher has always been a stalwart Democrat in politics, and in recognition of his party fealty, and his clerical ability and well-known integrity, he was elected city clerk in 1863. At the close of his term he engaged as bookkeeper for the Onondaga Salt Company for two years, after which he was assistant secre tary of the company under the late John W. Baker until 1872. He associated him self with Henry M. Bancroft in general insurance business, in which he continued about three years exclusively, and a few years longer in connection with other busi ness interests. In 1881 he took charge of the office business of Pierce, Butler & Pierce, continuing it until his appointment as cashier in the internal revenue office under William A. Beach in 1886. He remained nine months with Mr. Beach's suc cessor, after which he was idle for a time, and later took charge of the office of C. A. Wheeler & Co., and remained there until his appointment as chief deputy in the in ternal revenue office under William A. Beach, Sept. 15, 1894. For the arduous and responsible duties of this position no man could be better equipped than Mr. Beecher, and in all the various capacities here briefly mentioned he has shown sterling busi ness qualifications, unswerving integrity, and unflagging fealty to the interests com mitted to his care. He made a brilliant though unsuccessful run for county clerk in 1872, and another for assessor seven years later, his defeat following necessarily through the usual Republican majorities. He was the organizer and captain of the first Flambeau club in Central New Y'ork — the McClellan Redcoats. He has many times served as a member of ward and city committees, and once as secretary of the . County Committee. He was conspicuous in the conduct of the local Cleveland-Hen dricks campaign in 1885. He was honored in 1885 with election as supervisor of the Seventh ward, when he received 185 votes over a popular Republican candidate in a ward that was usually 170 Republican. In that office he was made chairman of the committee of judge's and surrogate's accounts, and member of the committees on highways and roads, and equalization and jurisprudence. Mr. Beecher is one of the original members of the old Syracuse Citizens' Corps, served fifteen years in the National Guard, and had the rank of major on Gen. D. H. Bruce's staff. On March 16, 1863, Mr. Beecher married Malvina E. Park Cuddeback (adopted daughter of the late Joshua C. Cuddeback, her uncle), daughter of Thomas Park, now of Michigan. She was born Aug. 4, 1832. and through her grandmother on her mother's side, Jane Coleman, is descended from De Witt Clinton. In the best of social circles of Syra cuse Mr. and Mrs Beecher have long been warmly welcomed. They have had five children: Eva L., born March 8, 1854, married George W. Baxter, jr., and has two children: Robert A. and Caroline N. ; William N., born Sept. 13, 1857, died March 14, 1878; Philip M., born July 8, 1861, married Nellie Hoyt, and has four children; Frank Carroll, born Jan. 14, 1864, married Ellen Crabtree ; and George W., born Jan. 28, 1866, died Aug. 28. 1866. Morse, Harvey, Manlius, was born in New Haven Co., Connecticut, June 15, 1824. Street H., his father, was a native of Connecticut and came to this State when Harvey was a child, locating in Chenango Co. He afterwards moved to Madison Co., where he died. He was a farmer. Harvey, the tenth of a family of eleven children, was educated in the common schools and Weathersfield Academy. After leaving school he followed various employments until 1839, when he came to this 328 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. county and after a short time spent in a hotel, he engaged as foreman on public works in the State of Maine. He remained there four years, then was a contractor on the Binghamton Railroad for three years. He then engaged in the manufacture of wagons for one year, then spent a year furnishing wood for the N. Y. C. R. R. Co. In 1855 he bought a farm of 10 acres in the town of Manlius, which he has by his good management increased to 20 acres. All the buildings on the farm are of his erection. He pays special attention to the cultivation of fruit and tobacco. In 1854 Mr. Morse married Sarah M. Crandall, of Manlius, by whom has one child: Nettie L., a graduate of Fayetteville Academy. Munroe, George YV. , Manlius, was born in Kirkville, Jan. 5, 1856. William H. ? his father, was a native of the town of Sullivan, son of a farmer, George Munroe. William H. was given a good common school education and was for a number of years clerk and bookkeeper in a store at Kirkville. At the age of thirty he took up the trade of blacksmith, which he followed up to the time of his death, which occur red Feb. 27, 1867. He was for a number of years constable of the town. He was four times married and George W. was a son of his third wife, whose maiden, name was Irene Rose. After her death, which occurred in March, 1860, he married Sarah M. Steele, widow of James, who died June 1894, aged 73 years. George W. was given a good common school and business education, then entered the store of James A. Brown as clerk, with whom he remained until 17 years old. He was then for one year at Chittenango Station and was also with Stephen Headson for one season. After one year with I. H. Leyden, clothier, of Syracuse, in company with James C. Otman, he bought the Kirkville Hotel, which was then called the Munroe House. They conducted the hotel until April 1, 1892, when they sold out to Charles A. Plop- per. After selling the hotel, Mr. Munroe was for seven months a conductor on the People's Line in Syracuse, but since that time has devoted himself to the care of his property. He was appointed census enumerator in 1892. He is clerk of the Univer- salist church, also clerk of the district. Lansing, H. H., Manlius, was born in Greene, Chenango Co., and came to Fay etteville in 1884. His father, Peter Lansing, came to the town in 1883. Mrs. Lansing was a daughter of Asel Wilcox and at the settling of the estate, she took the mill and plaster bed as her portion of the property. The mill is located in the town of Dewitt, capacity about 7,000 tons per year, and, employs twenty men when running. The plaster bed has an area of about 24 acres, opening on both sides of the hill. The mill is about one mile and one-half from the bed. They also furnish other mills with the rock for grinding. Mrs. Lansing supplies all of John Behan's, part of Bangs & Gaynor, and other mills. Mr. Lansing was for five years engaged in the mercantile business in Chicago. Leach, Mortimer W., Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, April 17, 1847. George Leach, his father, was a native of Poughkeepsie and came to this town early in the forties, where he followed the shoemaker's trade. Mortimer W., the second of a family of four children, began for himself at the age of fifteen, working in a nursery for eight years. He then bought a farm containing 115 acres, the greater portion of which was devoted to the cultivation of nursery stock. He made his home on this farm up the time of his death, which occurred Aug. 16, 1892. Mr. Leach was at the time of his death warden of the Trinity church. He held many FAMILY SKETCHES. 329 offices of trust and honor, was for two years road commissioner, and one term collector of the town. Sept. 11, 1879, Mr. Leach married Lena A., daughter of Lucius Hub bard, a farmer, now a resident of Fayetteville. Loomis, Luther M., Manlius, was born Aug. 10, 1797. April 27, 1824, he married Emeline Steadman. He followed farming and made his home at Oran until after the close of the war. He then moved to Erie, where he remained for a few years, and then moved to Buffalo, where he died in Feb., 1875. His wife died March 12, 1887. Mr. and Mrs. Loomis had five daughters, all of whom are living: DianthaM., wife of Elijah E. Smith, of Manlius; Lydia S., widow of Julius Candee; Elizabeth E., widow of Benjamin S. Benedict, of New York; Maria J., widow of William Cum mings, of Buffalo; and Julia A., widow of Dr. John A. Frey, of Buffalo. Collin David, Manlius. One of the early pioneers of Onondaga Co., was David Collin, of Hillsdale, Colum bia Co., N. Y., who in 1817 brought his bride, Anna Smith, into the western for est and settled upon a mili tary tract purchased by his father, David Collin, in 1797. Of Huguenot descent, a man of indomitable will and per severance, untiring industry and acute foresight, he soon became the possessor of thousands of acres in this and other States, and not unmindful of the public wel fare assisted in many busi ness and manufacturing enterprises, being also one of the few to build the first church in Fayetteville. He was the father of six chil dren: Caroline, wife of Syl vester Gardner, of Manlius: Lucy B., wife of Porter Tre- main of Columbia Co.; David, the subject of this sketch; Harriet, wife of Nathan Seward, of Oneida Co.; Miriam, wife of Ethan Armstrong, of Vermont; and Anna S., wife of Samuel J. Welles, of Orleans Co. David Collin, 3d, subject of this sketch, was born on the old homestead in Manlius, in 1822, was graduated from Troy Rensselaer Institute in 1843, and has followed to some extent the career of his father. Pursuing his course with unflagging zeal, holding since his majority positions of trust, with enthusiastic interest furthering every public good, a man of strict integrity and uprightness, and PP David Collin. 330 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. of firm, moral courage, he is one whose impress upon the community cannot be erased by the shifting sands of time. In 1845 Mr. Collin married Clara Park, of Otsego Co., who died in 1881. Of nine children born to them, seven attained majority and fill spheres of usefulness: Edward, a manufacturer of Fayettevilje ; Clara Park, wife of Niles H. Hand, of Kansas City, Mo. ; Roswell Park, a physician, who died in New York in 1891 at the age of thirty-nine, having already attained a position of prominence ; Charles Lee, a lumber dealer and land owner of Fayette ville; Miriam, at home; William Taylor, a fruit grower and farmer; and David Francis, a manufacturer, of Kansas City, Mo. Mr. Collin still resides in the old homestead built by his father in 1824 — endeared to him by a lifetime of memories and associations. Morgan, Henry B., of South Onondaga, is a veteran of the war of the Rebellion, having enlisted in Co. F, 122d N. Y. Vols., and served till his discharge at the close of the war. He was born in the town of Skaneateles in 1839, and settled in this town about 1851. He married Rosa A., daughter of William Newman, of Amber. Mr. and Mrs. Morgan have three children living : James, Harvey, and Fred, having lost one daughter, Eva, who died June 11, 1894, aged 21. William Newman was born in this county and was a son of Ezekiel, a native of Connecticut. Lees, James, Onondaga, was born in the north of Ireland, came to America, and settled in this town in 1869. He has served in various offices of public trust, being now a member of the Board of Education, and is also a member and present commander of the Lodge S. F. I. Mr. Lees is also trustee of the Presbyterian church of Onondaga Valley. His father was John D. Lees, who was a son of James Lees, a native of Edinburgh, Scotland. John D. married Mary Jane , by whom he had these children: Eliza, William, John D., Anna, James, Joseph, and Thomas. James married Nancy Maxwell, by whom he has two children, Fred S. and William. Mrs. Lees is the daughter of Christopher C. and Mary (Smith) Maxwell, who had these children : Thomas, James, David C. , Nancy, Margaret A. , Hannahette, William" A., Mary J., Fenton M., and' Maxwell. Lawrence, Col, Porter D. , Onondaga, was born on the farm where he now resides, a son of Usebius and Orpha (Averill) Lawrence, who came from Vermont. The grandfather was Joab and the great-grandfather Col. Bigelow Lawrence, a soldier of the war of 1812. Usebius Lawrence had six children, as follows: Wells E., Porter D.,Mrs. Mary Woodford, Frances, Robert, and Cynthia Fellows. Porter D. married Harriet M. Morse, and they have one child, Frank. Mrs. Lawrence is a daughter of Amasa Morse, a native of Massachusetts. Frank, son of Porter D. , married Lillian Hayes, and they have two sons, Grove E. and Howard L. Our subject was colonel of the 147th New York Militia, his father having been colonel of the same regiment. Lord, John E., of South Onondaga, was born on his present farm in 1845, a son of Lorenzo Lord, a native of Connecticut, who came here with his parents at the age of seven years. He was a son of Theodore Lord, who, with his family, was the first settler of this farm about 1813, all improvements having been made by the three generations of the family who have occupied it. Theodore had three children: Brazil, Attaresta, and Lorenzo. The children of Lorenzo and Polly Lord were Ralph E., Theodore, Antoinette E,, John R. and Elizabeth B. John R. and Lois Lord FAMILY SKETCHES. 331 have these children : Lena G. , Pearl L. , Hazel K. , Artie L, , and Isa. Mrs. Lord is a daughter of John T. Nichols. Lansing, Col. William, Fabius, was born in Truxton, Sept. 14, 1824, a son of Alex ander and Fanny (Wood) Lansing, natives respectively of Albany and Vermont, the former having served in the war of 1812. He died in 1862 in his 86th year. Our sub ject was educated in the common schools, and learned the cooper's trade, and later wagonmaking, having a shop in Truxton. In 1872 he engaged in the railway mail service which he continued 14 years. In 1847 he married Mrs. Nancy M. Jeffers, a native of Truxton, by whom he had five children, three now living: H. J. Lansing, a postal clerk on the route from New York to Chicago, which position he has filled 22 years, and resides at Onondaga Valley ; Flora, wife of William Clark, train dis patcher on the E. , C. & N. R. R., with headquarters at Cortland; and Emma, wife of Stephen Turtelott, manager of the Wayne Building and Loan Association, who resides in Syracuse. Mr. Turtelott is a graduate of Amherst College. Our subject organized Co. G, 76th N. Y. Vols., at Cortland, and went to Washington with his regiment, where he was discharged on account of disability, on a surgeon's certifi cate, in April, 1862. In August, 1863, he was authorized to raise a regiment of in fantry in Cortland Co. of National Guards of the State of New York, was commis sioned colonel, and remained commander until the rank and file of the regiment was mustered out in 1868. Col. Lansing went from Truxton to Syracuse in 1873 where he resided eight years, then came to Apulia and bought 27 acres known as the Squire Miles property, where he and wife have since lived. Loveless, Robert, Van Buren, was born on the Loveless homestead, April 10, 1844. His father, Daniel, was one of the first settlers in Onondaga Co. He learned the carpenter's trade and built the larger part of the houses and barns in his neighbor hood He married Anna, daughter of David Parish. He died at the age of 67 years. Robert Loveless was educated in the common schools. In 1869 he married Clara, daughter of Abram Hiller, by whom he had five children :_ Lester, Burt, George, Belle, and May. Burt is now a student in the Philadelphia Medical College. Mr. Loveless is one of the most prominent and suxessful farmers of his town. Lockard, Charles A. , Van Buren, manager of the Empire Portland Cement Co. , Warners, N. Y., was born in Salem, O., July 5, 1864. His father, L. B. Lockard, a native of Ohio, and one of the representatives of his State, is now superintendent of the Producers' Consolidated Land & Petrolenm Co., with headquarters at Bradford, Pa. He is also Supreme Protector of the Knights and Ladies of Honor. Charles A. was educated in the public schools of Franklin, Pa. After leaving school he entered the employ of the Galena Oil Co. at Franklin, where he remained until 1890. In the same year he came to Warners and assumed charge of the cement works, one of the largest plants of its kind in America. In 1887 he married Mary E. , daughter of Col. L. D. Rogers, of Franklin, Pa. They have two sons, John C. and Charles A., jr. Lake, O. F., Tully, was born in Brownsville, Neb., Oct. 10, 1861, one of two chil- dred of Oscar F. and Emily A. (Wood) Lake, natives of Tully and Chenango Co. , respectively. The father of Oscar F. was Wilmott Lake, a son of Daniel, born in 1873 in Connecticut, who came to Tully in 1811 and settled on the farm now owned by his grandson, Seth J. Here Daniel died Aug. 10, 1848, and his wife, Marinda 332 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Wheaton, died Aug. 30, 1834. Wilmott Lake was born in Connecticut in 1802 and came to Tully at the age of nine, living here all his life. His death occurred Jan. 25, 1879. His wife, Maria Beers, died here July 9, 1873. They had four children. The father of our subject followed various occupations, and in his youth went west, where he engaged in speculating. He died in 1862, aged 28 years, and his wife and family returned to Tully, where they have since lived. Our subject was reared on the farm he now owns, of 85 acres, and was educated in the common and Cortland Normal schools, entering the latter at the age of 16, and graduating from Meads's Business College of Syracuse in 1871. He followed farming till 1892, since which he has trav eled for Williams & Bowers, dealers in granite, marble and statuary, and located in Dryden. Mr. Lake is a member of the Masonic fraternity, K. of P., etc He mar ried, May 25, 1872, Alice J., daughter of Lewis and Ellen Willis, and they have had five children : Mabel A. , Lewis E. , William H. , Orville H. (deceased), and Blanche. Mabee, Ambrose S. , Manli us, was born in the town of Palatine, Montgomery Co., N. Y., June 3, 1821. Cornelius Mabee, his father, was a native of Schenectady Co. and a mer chant in Albany, and was after ward engaged in business at Palatine Bridge and St. Johns- ville. He died Dec. 6, 1869. aged 77 years. He was a prominent member of the Democratic party, a member of the State Legislature in 1832, and a candidate for mem ber of Congress in 1848. His political influence brought him in personal friendship with Van Buren, Marcy and Sey mour. He officiated as Post master of Palatine for twenty - three years, served in the war of 1812, and was the oldest and wealthiest merchant west of Albany on the Mohawk river. His wife, Elizabeth Fox, the eldest daughter of a large owner of Mohawk river lands, whereon, it is histori cally said, is located the site of the home in which Washington stopped and dined in his passage up the valley, was a native of Montgomery Co., and they had two sons and four daughters: Dr. Jerome Mabee, of Newburg, who successfully practiced his profession in Dutchess and Orange counties, and, moreover, in his student days, was an honored contributor to the literature of his time, as shown by letters from Willis Ambrose S.- Mabee. FAMILY SKETCHES. 333 Poe, and Prentice; Ambrose S., of Manlius; Mrs. Amelia Loomis, of Palatine Church; Ann Margaret; Mrs. Christina L. Ayres, wife of Judge Ayres, of Kansas (deceased); and Emily, second wife of Judge Ayres. Mrs. Cornelius Mabee died Nov. 15, 1837, and Mr. Mabee then married Maria, daughter of Lawrence Cross, a merchant. They had two children : Albert, a commission and loan broker, of New York, and one who died in infancy. She died Jan. 4, 1880. Ambrose S. Mabee was educated in the common schools, at a select school in New Berlin, Chenango Co., and under the tutelage of Prof. Charles A. Smith. After leaving school he was engaged in the mercantile business with his father until 1848. He was elected a major in the State Militia in 1843 and still holds that title. Mr. Mabee has represented the Demo cratic party in numerous State and county conventions. He came to Manlius in 1848, engaged in farming, and is one of the largest landholders in this section, owning over 600 acres of land conducted as a dairy and grain farm. The Mabee House, of Mycenae, formerly known' as Hartsville, is also his property. Oct. 18, 1848, Mr. Mabee married Sarah A. , daughter of Elisha Mabee, a farmer near Hartsville. They have had five children: Annie, at home; Emily G., wife of Allen Avery, of Jer sey City, N. J.; Amelia M., wife of S. E. Avery, of Syracuse; Florence N., wife of C. L. Tremper, of Brooklyn; and Margaret B., who died in 1880, aged 12 years. Mengel, Jacob D., Dewitt, was born on the place he has always resided on, and is a son of Philip and Elizabeth (Newman) Mengel, natives of Germany, who were married in Dewitt. The mother still resides with Jacob D. on the homestead. The paternal grandfather lived and died on the same place. The father died in 1872. Mr. Mengel is one of a family of five children: Philip, a resident of Dewitt; John (deceased) ; Mary, wife of John Muth ; Jacob D. ; and Charles L. , a resident of Syr acuse. Myers, Mrs. Mary C, Dewitt, ^-as born in Manlius in 1837. The parents, John and Mary (Bockenstraus), were natives of France. They located in Manlius in 1830, and in 1837 on Mrs. Myers's present farm of 30 acres. They died in 1886, aged 94, and in 1879, aged 78, respectively. Mrs. Myers was married in 1856 to John Myers, anative of Germany, who died in 1882, aged 58. Mrs. Myers has four children: Mary C, wife of Horace Stetson; Charles; Florence, wife of Fred Wilson; and William. Lewis, Sidney, Dewitt, was born in Renssaeler Co. in 1826, and came to Dewitt in 1849, locating on his present farm of 96 acres. He also owns 24 acres in another tract. In 1855 he married Martha Wilcox, after which they spent three years in Steuben Co. , and then returned and purchased the farm he at first worked. He was one of the original members and directors of the Onondaga Co. Milk Association. He was commissioner of highways for four terms, assessor for three terms, and over seer of the poor five terms. When Mr. Lewis was young his parents moved to Monroe Co. His father was a blacksmith by trade, and resided consecutively in the counties of Monroe, Oneida, Lewis and Steuben, where he died in 1861, aged 62. The mother died in 1871, aged 65. Luddington, Lucien, Dewitt, was born in Dewitt in 1848, son of Jared and Mary (Gates) Luddington, natives of Manlius and Vermont. The father was super visor two terms and justice of the peace four terms in the town of Dewitt. He died 334 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL in 1877 at the age of 67. Mr. Luddington was raised on a farm, but in connection with his farming is interested in the salt business. In 1871 he married Elizabeth Sweeney, who died in 1891, leaving one daughter, Katie. Leahy, Thomas, Salina, owner and proprietor of the Sub Rosa Hotel, was born in Ireland in 1852. He came to America in 1857 and located in the town of Clay with his parents, Thomas and Bridget Leahy. In 1875 he located where he now is and in 1881 opened the Sub Rosa. He is also engaged in growing small fruits and gar dening. He has held the offices of excise commissioner and road commissioner. In 1880 he married Mary Sphore, of Salina. Morris, Edwin, La Fayette, was born in Kent, England, Nov. 10, 1816, a sou of George and Mercy (Turk) Morris of that country. They came to Syracuse in 1828, and later to Onondaga Valley, where they resided until the death of the wife in 1846, when he went to Syracuse and followed gardening for Philip Rust, A. C. Powell, and Charles H. Sedgwick. He died in Syracuse. The grandfather was Thomas Morris, of England, where he died. Edwin was educated in the public schools, and came to Syracuse in 1828, going with his parents later to Onondaga Valley, where he re mained until 1853, lived at Onondaga Reservation until 1861, when he came to the farm he now owns, which he bought in 1860, comprising 62 acres. Mr. Morris served as assessor three years. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., and established a lodge at Onondaga Valley, in 1849. He has been twice married, first in 1841 to Mar garet A. Laird of Onondaga, by- whom he had five children : Henry N., Mary E., Helen L. (deceased), William C. (deceased), and Louisa J. Mrs. Morris died in 1863 and he married second Phoebe D. Houghtaling of La Fayette. Morton, Johnson E., La Fayette, was born in Onondaga, May 13, 1854, a son of John L. and Arclimena J. Johnson, whose father was Ambrose, born in Massachu setts, and one of the early settlers of the town of La Fayette, who came to the farm now owned by Johnson E. , and there died. The latter was educated in the schools of Cicero, and took up farming for a livlihood, owning about 53 acres. In 1876 he married Minnie P. A. Bull, a native of Onondaga, by whom he has had six children: Jessie E., Jennie E., Effie L., Sarah L., Grace E., and Jewell B. McArthur, George A., Salina, was born in Salina in 1844, son of Robert and Marian (Russell) McArthur, natives of Scotland. The father was a graduate in medicine and surgery from Edinburgh College. He came to America and located in Constan tia, and from there he moved to Liverpool. George A. has] always been a farmer. In 1876 he married Susan Miller, and located on his present place of thirteen and one-half acres in 1888, where he follows dairying. In 1862 he enlisted in the 122d N. Y. Vols., Co. H, and served three years. He was with the Army of the Potomac in its principal engagements and in the Shenandoah Valley campaign. Moore, John, Camillus, was born in Ireland in 1837. He came to America at the age of 19 years, locating at Camillus. In 1860 he married Julia A. Welch and in 1877 located on his present well improved farm of 240 acres. They have three sons and two daughters. He has held the office of tax collector. His father died here in 1888, after a residence of over 20 years in this country. Munro, Thomas H, Camillus, was born in Camillus in 1850, son of David Allen Munro. He was educated at Madison, now Colgate University, with class of 1873. FAMILY SKETCHES. 335 In 1875 he married Nellie Brown, of Madison Co. They have three children, Thomas H., jr., Florence B., and Ida J In 1875 he located on his present farm of 380 acres. Wilcox, Asel F., was born in the town of Manlius, now Dewitt, Nov. 16, 1823. The first of the family to come to Onondaga Co. was his grand father, Samuel Wilcox, who was born in Peru, Mass., Jan. 2, 1744, and served as a cap tain in the Revolutionary war, participating in the battle of Bunker Hill, and marching through the unexplored wil derness of Maine and Canada under Benedict Arnold to Quebec. On his return in the ensuing spring he was cap tured by the Indians, deliv ered into the hands of the English at New York, and confined in a prison ship until near the close of the war. In 1798 Captain Wilcox located on a tract of 640 acres of land at what is now Lyndon, in Dewitt, where he died June 28, 1827. He was the father of six children, of whom Asel, born in Peru, Mass. , April 8, 1784, was reared on the homestead, received a good common school education, and volunteered in the war of 1812, serving principally at Oswego and Lewiston. Early in the present century Asel Wilcox opened a plaster bed on the old farm, and during the war had a contract for furnishing parties in Albany with 2,000 tons of plaster in the rock, at the quarry, at §2 per ton. He had flouring, grist, plaster, cement, and saw mills at High Bridge, now Elkkorn, and was also extensively engaged in boat ing. He was one of the largest landowners in the county. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity for fifty-nine years, and served as master of Military Lodge in 1816-17. On March 25, 1812, he married Hellenda Foster, of Manlius, who bore him six children, three of whom are living: Mrs. Lois C. Bennett, of Maquon, 111. ; Mrs. Lucy A. Rice, of Manlius; and Asel F., also of Manlius. Asel F. Wilcox was edu cated at the Manlius and Fayetteville Academies, followed his father's business in the mills and quarries, and also engaged in farming In 1878 he established the Labrador Oil Stone Company, which conducts one of the most important industries in the town. The stone is brought chiefly from Hot Springs, Ark., though Turkey Asel F. Wilcox. 336 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. stone from Syria, Turkey, is also used. The company employs from thirty-five to forty men, and turns out between $60,000 and $80,000 worth of manufactured goods annually. Mr. Wilcox is a charter member of Fayetteville Lodge No. 578, F. and A. M., was president of the Union League of Dewitt during the war of the Rebellion, and served as supervisor of Dewitt three terms. On March 21, 1873, he was ap pointed revenue collector by President Grant, aud held that office several years. Nov. 24, 1856, he married Celia Allen, of Fayetteville, and they have five sons and three daughters: Mrs. Fred H. Garrett, of Aberdeen, S. D. ; Mrs. George F. Butts, of Omaha, Neb. ; Mrs. W. M. Beard, of Pompey, N. Y. ; and A. Foster, Lincoln N., Roscoe R. , Ralph A. , and Willard T. Martin, Mrs. Mary L., Camillus, a native of Marcellus, is a daughter of John and Polly (Bradley) Martin. In 1884 she married Robert B. Martin, of Dutchess Co., who in 1839 located at Camillus in Mrs. Martin's present home, and died in 1893 aged 82 years, Mrs. Martin's father, a native of Saratoga Co., came to the town of Onon daga when a young man. His wife was a native of Connecticut, who died in 1864, aged 66. He died in 1868 aged 77, both dying in Marcellus. McNaughton, James, Clay, was born in Genesee Co., May 13, 1850, son of James McNaughton. Our subject has lived in this county about twenty-four years, ten years where he how resides near North Syracuse, and follows general farming. The father settled in this county as early as 1804 at what is known as the Dutch settle ment. He married a Miss Patchen, and their children were John , Mary J., James, Duncan, and Elizabeth. Our subject married in 1872 Francis J. Lynn, of Clay, daughter of James Lynn, a farmer and cooper, who has lived in this town for over 80 years. The grandfather, John McNaughton, at one time was the owner of large tracts of land in what is the Dutch settlement. Our subject has been prominent in politics, and has held several offices. Malcolm, John B., Marcellus, was born in Tillicoutry, Clackmananshire, Scotland, April 29, 1866. He came from Scotland to Marcellus in Oct., 1882, and engaged to work in the Crown mills. He next went to Philadelphia, remaining two years and a half, then returned to this town and went to work in the Crown Mills again in 1890, where he has since remained, being in charge of the dyeing department. Mr. Mal colm married Rosalie E. Withey, of Marcellus, and they have one daughter, Chris tina, aged two years. Mead, John W., Pompey, was born in Dutchess Co., Jan. 28, 1840, a son of Rich ard and Susan (Wheeler) Mead, who came to Pompey Center and worked at his trade of shoemaking for 60 years. Richard was born in 1804 and died in 1887, and his wife, who was born in 1802, died in 1891. The grandparents emigrated from Dutchess Co. to Ohio, where they took up a farm and spent their lives. John W. was reared in Pompey Center, and has followed farming, in connection with which he has been a practicing veterinary surgeon for 25 years. In 1861 he married Annie, daughter of William Morse, of Manlius, and they have hed five children: Carrie, Albert, George, Bell and Frank. McClure, Hiram, Pompey, was born in Pompey, Nov. 28, 1830, a son of Hiram and Laodicea (Maker) McClure, he a native of Pompey, born in 1800 and his wife born in 1802. The grandfather, James, was a native of Vermont, and at the age of 21 FAMILY SKETCHES. 337 started to seek his fortune, going out on foot and spending a season at Whitesboro. He worked on a farm for one month, chopping four acres, and then started for the military tract, by marked trees, came in contact with Cazenovia Lake, and thence to the place he settled, in Pompey. He found an Indian hut at the place now known as Atwell's Corners, which served as a shelter while he remained locating land. This was in the summer of 1792. He found that the land' he had located belonged to a man by the name of Fish and bought the property for $1 per acre. He made a set tlement where the homestead now is, and soon after sold two-thirds of his land, which left the remaining third clear. He then bought 100 acres in Cazenovia, where he died. His wife was Mercy Miles, who died in 1814, and he married (second) Olive Gage, who died in 1875. He had five children by his first wife His death occurred in 1852 at the age of 83. Hiram, sr., served in various town offices, and died Aug. 29, 1857, and his wife in Oct. , 1859. The great-grandfather of our subject was in the Revolutionary war, and spent his days in Massachusetts- and Vermont. Hiram, jr., was reared on the homestead, working at home until the age of 23. In 1854 he went to Allegany and settled on a farm, but in 1858 came to his present farm and bought 87 acres, where he has since resided. He has served as highway commissioner ten years, assessor nine years, etc. In 1853 he married Louisa Roades, a native of De Ruyter, and they had two children, Almira and Elton, both deceased. Mrs. McClure died April 9, 1865, and he married (second) Rillie Roades, a younger sister of his first wife, by whom he has one daughter, Libbie, who married in Dec. 1880, Charles D. Murray, a native of Linklaen, and they have had two children : McClure, born Aug. 24, 1884, and Gladys, born Jan. 3, 1892. Miller, Erastus, Otisco, was born in the town of Otselic, Jan. 26, 1826, a son of Eber and Clarissa (Peace) Miller, he a native of Otselic and she of Smyrna, Che nango Co., the grandparents, David and Clarinda Miller, having been pioneers of the latter town, coming there from Connecticut. The maternal grandfather, George Pease, was also a pioneer of Chenango Co. John Miller, brother of David M., was a colonel in the war of 1812. Eber Miller was a farmer, and came to Otisco about 1841, where he lived, and died hi 1874, his wife having died the same year, both at the age of 70. Our subject began work as a farmer at the age of 17, and has always followed that occupation. Aug. 30, 1862, he enlisted in the Normal School Co., an independent organization, which was attached to Co. E, 44th N. Y. Vols. He served till Nov. 20, 1864, when he was honorably discharged. He participated in the fol lowing engagements: Fredericksburg, the Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Spottsylvania, Petersburg. In 1848 he married Elmira Clark, who died in 1865, and in 1867 he married (second) Elizabeth, daughter of John Case, and they have three children : John B., a farmer of La Fayette; Mary May, wife of George C. King of this town, and Carrie M. , a teacher. Martin, Nelson L. , Skaneateles, was born in Skaneateles, Aug. 4, 1855, a son of Milo and Betsey A. (Shout) Martin. The father was born in Spafford and the mother in Ledyard. The grandfather of our subject was Randall Martin, a native of Pitts- town, N. Y., who came to. Spafford about 1820 and then removed to Jackson, Mich., where he died aged 89. Milo Martin was a farmer and teamster for many years, and he and his wife reside in Mottville. Our subject was reared in Skaneateles Falls, and educated in the common schools. At the age of eleven he started out to work 11 338 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. for himself, engaging in the paper mill for three years, and then learned the miller's trade, which he has since followed. He and Harmon Benedict bought the Long Bridge flour mill, and conducted business till 1884, when our subject sold his inter est and engaged in the meat business for a year. In 1887 he bought the Mottville flouring mills, where he has since had a successful business. He is a prominent Odd Fellow and active in town affairs. In 1881 he married Celestia R., daughter of S. L. Benedict of this town, the latter born in Brookfield, Conn., in 1830, a son of Eli Benedict, born in Bethel, Conn., who came to this town and died in 1853. Eli Bene dict was a woolen manufacturer in Connecticut, and was a prominent temperance man and Abolitionist. He was postmaster in Mottville from 1876 and 1885. and also overseer of the poor seven years. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. , and a Royal Templar. Mr. and Mrs. Martin have one son, Sidney M., born Sept. 9, 1885. Mrs. Martin died Feb. 21, 1894. To many came the shock of personal loss when the sad news was told of the death, after a brief illness, of one of Onondaga Co.'s representative men, one widely known and respected, Hiram King Ed wards of Lyndon, but to the immediate family, wife and children, sisters and brothers, those who knew his worth and to whom he had been a de voted, indulgent husband and father, a loving brother, the loss fell heavily. To write a biography of such a man is an unsatisfactory task, for his life has been its own best eulogy. His grandfather Edwards came to Syracuse in the early davs when the "City of Salt" was but a village at best, mostly a swamp. He bought 1,000 acres of land on East Genesee street. The house which he built — quite a mansion in those days — is still standing, and occupied by Mr. Joseph Ferris. A good, old- fashioned family of thirteen children graced' his board. As time passed on and they grew to manhood and womanhood he gave to each a good property; farms to such of the sons as chose that honorable calling. The father of our subject, Joseph Edwards, received his farm, but by trade and sale changed his location' several times during the few years he lived after attaining manhood, for when his second H. K. Edwards. FAMILY SKETCHES. 339 son, Hiram King, the subject of this sketch, was but eleven years of age, he died, aged but 34, leaving seven children without a father's care. Those early years were filled with difficulties, nobly, earnestly surmounted, the kind which tries the soul, but brings out the true metal, the real merit, and which has, in our land, been the most potent factor in the successful lives of our self-made men. The father bought the farm in the hamlet now known as Lyndon, but died before taking possession, and here the widow lived until her children grew to honored manhood and womanhood. When the subject of this sketch was married at the age of 23 he bought the farm and brought his bride there. Later he added to the original purchase and erected good substantial buildings, making a comfortable, pleasant country home, to which he was deeply attached. Intensely domestic by nature, his attachments strong, as he neared the western horizon of life his highest pleasure in life was in having his fam ily about him, welcoming the absent to the old home, and in walking over the fields, where, as boy and man, he had worked and walked for fifty-five years. He loved every foot of ground, pointed with pride to the noble trees which he had planted, and perhaps with still more pride to the fields which he had cleared of pine stumps, 1,600 of which he had removed in early manhood days. He was tender, gentle, and kind of judgment to the helpless and'sick. It was the crippled and weakly newsboy and bootblack who received his patronage. His chivalrous championship of woman, his pure and high estimate of her exalted position, of the beneficent and noble influence which the wives and mothers of our land exert over home and State, shone forth in his writings and addresses. His sympathies were strong for the downtrodden. "The smallest boy in the race, the under dog in the fight," as the poet, Whittier, once said to him, were the ones he cheered on. It was this spirit which attached him in early life to the then unpopular cause of the Abolitionist. His youthful heart burned with pity for the slave, and his whole soul revolted at the cruelties of the system of slavery. His sympathies were stirred in the thrilling times in which Garrison, Phil lips, Gerrit Smith and Greeley were taking active part, and from the time of the or ganization of the Republican party he was closely identified with the political inter ests of his county and State. For many years he held office either from the govern ment or county. At the time of the Rebellion, although not eligible for service, and, therefore, exempt from draft, he sent a substitute into the field, and himself joined the working force at home, organizing union leagues, supporting the government in every way. In the many campaign mass meetings, flag raisings, open air speeches, &c, in which he took active part, was laid the foundation for the throat trouble which, for more than a quarter of a century, held him victim, and by the precarious state of his health abridged his efforts. No one can forget that terrible cough which racked his frame, but which he bore with cheerful fortitude, and patience which was at times pathetic. Fond of travel, he made a pleasure of necessity when he traveled extensively west and south in the vain search for health ; trying the climate of the Pacific coast, of the Rocky Mountains, the pine forests of the south, the mild Gulf States. Of" an observing and acquiring mind, his letters to his family and to the public through the press were both interesting and instructive. His long public and political life gave him a thorough knowledge of men, and he was probably as well known as any man in Onondaga Co. In politics he was true to his friends — he never broke his word — if he promised his support he gave it to the end, and no bribe or promise had power to move him. His chief public interest during the past few years 340 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. has been the Farmers' Club, of which he was president for several years, and the Grange ; into these he put heart and soul. The best interests of the farmer, both financially and intellectually, had his earnest sympathy and untiring effort. He wished to prevent the farming class becoming mere laborers ; to raise them from a tread mill existence to a higher-appreciation of the possibilities in their noble calling. He strove to call forth in the average farmer an ambition to cultivate mind and soul with the same care they bestowed upon the cultivation of their farms ; to keep their social and intellectual natures from rust and decay as surely as their grain, the prod ucts of their land. Especially did Mr. Edwards desire to see the lot of the farmer's wife made easier and more pleasant. To see her — instead of burying her talents of mind under hard work and social obscurity — take leisure for pleasure and intellectual improvement. The central idea of Mr. Edward's life, during his activity with affairs, as well as in his years of comparative retirement, was to be helpful to his fellow men in whatever relation he stood with them ; in extending a hand to assist friend or stranger he acknowledged in his act no merit nor claimed an obligation. Duty and pleasure were alike satisfied in every act of helpfulness that he was to perform. "Bear ye one another's burdens" was in his view, not only the fulfilling of the law of Christ, but also the law of nature. And to honor both Christ and nature was Mr. Edwards's constant aspiration. Mead, Charles H., Baldwinsville, was born in Van Buren, Jan. 3, 1857. His father, Jay Mead, was also a native of Van Buren. He married Electa, daughter of Henry Strong, by whom he had seven children. His father, Stephen Mead, served in the Revolutionary war. Charles H. Mead was educated in the common schools and finished at the Elbridge and Jordan Academies. He married Emma, daughter of George Dixon, who belongs to one of the oldest families in Lysander. They have one daughter, Ethel J. Mr. Mead is one of the most prominent and succesful farmers in Lysander, owning a farm of 150 acres, making a specialty of raising tobacco, and dairying. , Marvin, Fred A. , Baldwinsville, was born in Baldwinsville, June 18, 1842, a son of ' Henry Marvin, a native of Madison Co., the family originally coming from Fairfield, Conn. Henry Marvin settled in Camillus, where he learned the clothier's trade. Soon after he went to Cazenovia, and in 1838 he came to Baldwinsville and associ ated himself with G. W. Wilson and established the first tin and hardware store in the village. He married Caroline Jones of Anderson, by whom he had three chil dren: Charles, who died in Texas in 1870; Mrs. C. K. Hall, and Fred A. of Baldwins ville. Henry Marvin died in 1881, aged 80 years. Fred A. was educated in the com mon schools, and finished at the Munro Collegiate Institute and the Homer Academy. In 1862 he entered the law office of D. C. Greenfield, and was admitted to the bar in 1864. He then established a general practice in Baldwinsville. He married Adele daughter of C. C. Warner, by whom he has three sons: Charles W., Edward H , and William F. Mr. Marvin has served as president of the Board of Education, and is now serving his third term as justice of the peace. Morley, T. C, Baldwinsville, was born in Smyrna, Chenango Co., N. Y., May 28, 1863. John H. Morley, his father, was a native of McDonough, Chenango Co., and came to Baldwinsville, Aug. 31, 1865. He was a skilled mechanic in working iron and steel. T. C. Morley was educated in the common schools and finished at the FAMILY SKETCHES. 341 Baldwinsville Academy. He then entered the employ of J. W. & L. E. Connell. He was also with Upson & Donovan for five years. Feb. 16, 1888, he established his present business, dealing in imported and domestic groceries, tobacco, etc., making a specialty of fine crockery, lamps, and glassware. In 1891 he removed to the Clark block, occupying the double store. He married Lefavel, daughter of Noah Andrews. Mr. Morley is one of the leading and successful business men of the day. Mercer, George G. , Baldwinsville, was born at Onondaga Valley, Feb. 2, 1854. His father, Stephen Mercer, was a native of Kent, England, and came to America about 1834. He worked in a flour mill that stood near the present location of the Syracuse High School. In 1850 he purchased the mills at Onondaga Valley. He married Mary, daughter of Joab Carter, of Yorkshire, England, by whom he had twelve children, nine of whom are now living. George G. was educated m the com mon schools and finished at the Onondaga Academy, after which he entered his father's mill. In 1878 he went into partnership with his father and brother. Jan. 1, 1880, he came to Baldwinsville and formed the partnership of Clark, Mercer & Co. , merchant millers. He married Fannie J. Pelton, by whom he has four sons: Clyde G. , Russell S., Cassie J., and Gardner G. Mr. Mercer is one of the representative men of the town. Moulton, William, Cicero, was born in the town of Cicero, Dec. 3, 1844, son of Joseph M. Moulton, born July 2, 1811, in Grantham, N. H. Joseph was one of the jiioneer settlers of Cicero, where he still lives. He followed farming, and William now owns a fine farm of 87 acres. In early life William worked at coopering for a while. He married Belle, daughter of William Strickland, of Hastings, Oswego Co., who was a prosperons farmer. Mr. Moulton was educated in the schools of Cicero. McKinley, Gilbert, Cicero, was born in Clay, Onondaga Co., April 29/1834, son of Hugh McKinley, who was born in Berne, Albany Co., N. Y., Nov. 2, 1811. Hugh came to the town of Clay in 1827 and to Cicero in 1850 and settled on the farm now owned by Gilbert. He always followed farming. He married Nancy Ladell, of Johnstown, by whom he had five children: Gilbert, Caroline, Hayes, Merritt, and Byron, who died when four years of age. Mr. McKinley taught school in early life in Clay, Cicero, and Manlius. He now owns a farm of 200 acres, nearly all under cultivation. He makes a specialty of tobacco. He married Elizabeth, daughter of James Van Olinda, by whom he had three children: Byron, a school teacher; Euretta; and Eugene F., an attorney of Syracuse, who is a graduate of Cornell University. The mother is a descendant of the pioneer settlers of the town, her grandparents, Thomas and Eunice, coming to Cicero in the early days. Katherine, her mother, lived in the town 80 years, and her father died at the age of 71. Mr. McKinley is a member of the Grange. Moulton, Willis G., Cicero, was born in Cicero, March 8, 1866, son of John Moul ton, who was born in Albany Co. John was a farmer; he married Lorena, daughter of Harvey Little, by whom he had three ehildren, Wesley, Lillie, and Willis G. Willis" was raised on a farm and now owns a farm of 60 acres. He married Edna G. , daughter of Luenda Ball, of Cicero. Mr. Moulton is a member of the Grange. Mason, Charles E., Spafford, was born in Spafford, April 20, 1860, youngest of four children born to Elbridge and Almira (Maxson) Mason. Elbridge Mason was a 342 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL native of Massachusetts and came to Spafford with his parents, where he was en gaged in farming. Charles E. was reared on a farm, and now owns 165 acres of land. In 1883 he married Mary, daughter of John and Lucy Snell, of Scott. Mr. Snell was a blacksmith and died in Scott Sept. 29, 1888. Mrs. Snell still resides in Scott. To Mr. and Mrs. Mason have been born one son, Dana E., born March 1, 1884. Stephens, Henry F. , clerk of the city of Syracuse, is a son of George and Mary (Grossman) Stephens, and was born on a farm in the town of Rome, Oneida Co., N. Y. , Feb. 15, 1844. Reared in the life of a farmer and educated in the common schools of his neighborhood he acquired n practical knowledge of business in Bassett's Com mercial College in Syracuse, after which he filled positions as a clerk in a grocery and afterwards in a dry goods store in Rome, remaining in all three and one-half years. In 1865-66 he was second clerk in the canal collector's office in this city; in 1867-68 he was bookkeeper for P. R. Brewster & Co., and in 1868-69 occupied the same position for B. Bronner & Co. ; and from 1870 to 1876 inclusive he had charge of the books and was manager of the local transportation office of the Syracuse and Oswego Line. In the spring of 1877 he was elected city assessor and by re-elections in 1879 and 1881 served in all six years. In the spring of 1883 he became secretary of the Straight Line Engine Company and held that position until 1886, when he was appointed deputy city treasurer, in which capacity he served till May, 1889. He was then made treasurer of the Germania Brewing Company and officiated as such until March 1, 1890, when he was unanimously appointed city clerk, being reappointed to the same office in 1893. In this capacity as well as in all other positions Mr. Stephens has served with marked ability and unswerving fidelity. Genial and popular, and endowed with great executive force, he has always discharged the duties of his office with a zeal born of laudable pride and to the satisfaction of hosts of friends, than whom no man in the city possesses more. In addition to his official cares he is largely interested in the manufacture of cigars, having a shop and warehouse at Kirkville in this county. He was married on July 18, 1866, to Miss Mary Elizabeth, daughter of James Frost, of Syracuse, and the result of this union is two children, Nellie M. and George H. Brockway, Charles Tiffany, was born in Broadalbin, Fulton county, N. Y\ on the 25th of January, 1847, and is the son of Tiffany and Cornelia A. (Babcock) Brock way. He comes of good old New England stock, his maternal ancestors having re sided in Rhode Island and Connecticut for many years prior to the Revolutionary war. while his ancestors upon his father's side settled in Lyme at the mouth of the Connecticut River about 1660. His grandfather was an officer in the war of 1812, and several other members of the family were active in that war and in the Revolu tion. His father was, in his day, associated with Gerrit Smith and other well known abolitionists in the crusade against slavery, giving liberally of his time and means to that cause, and actively assisting many slaves to escape to Canada. Mr. Brockway received a common school and academic education, and early in life began teach ing, in which profession he continued for eight years with marked success, also continuing his studies in connection with his other duties during most of that time. His first work as a teacher was done in district schools, but he soon con nected himself with the academy at Middletown, Saratoga county, of which in stitution he was at a subsequent period elected principal. He served in this FAMILY SKETCHES. 343 capacity for about two years, when he was invited to organize and take charge of the Union Schools of the city of Alpena, Mich. This position he accepted, and con tinued in the same for two years. During the latter part of his residence in Alpena his health suffered from overwork and malaria, and under medical advice he decided to give up teaching and engage in some less sedentary occupation. In the summer of 1871 he returned to the east, located at Gloversville, N. Y., spent some time in rest and travel, and soon regained his health. About this time he did considerable newspaper work, with such acceptance that he was offered but declined an editorial position. In 1872 he decided to engage in insurance as a permanent business, and in pursuance of this determination conducted a fire and life insurance agency in Gloversville for about five years, then selling his fire business in order that he might give his entire time and attention to life insurance. He became agent of the North western Mutual Life Insurance Company in 1872, and has been connected with that Company in various capacities ever since, with the exception of two years (1877 to 1879), during which time he was engaged in establishing and supervising agencies for the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New Y'ork. In 1879 he made a contract with the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company to take charge of its Central New Y'ork general agency, and in the fall of that year removed with his family to Syracuse. The company, while even then one of the largest and strongest in the country, was practically unknown to the people of this section. Under his manage ment the business was rapidly built up, and the agency now ranks among the largest and most prosperous in this part of the State. He is the author of a number of in surance documents, which have been extensively circulated by his own and other companies. In 1892 he formed a partnership with Charles Bachman, who had for some time been connected, in a confidential capacity, with the company and the agency, and the business continues under the firm name of Brockway & Bachman. Mr. Brockway is also interested in other business enterprises, among which may be mentioned the Adamant Manufacturing Company of America, of which corporation he was one of organizers. For a time he was manager of its New Y'ork business, and subsequently was its treasurer, holding this position for several years. In January, 1894, he de clined a re-election on the ground that his insurance interests had grown to such im portance as to require his entire time and attention. To some of our citizens Mr. Brockway is, perhaps, best known as a leader of chorus music. He has done, gratui tously, much work of that description for Sunday schools, Y. M. C. A. Conventions. and other similar objects. He trained and conducted the "Christian Worker's Chorus," composed of singers selected from about twenty-five different churches, and numbering some 200 persons, which was originally organized to co-operate with D. L. Moody in his great meetings at the armory, and of which Mr. Moody publicly said that it had given him, without exception, the best local musical support he had ever' received in his evangelistic work. He is the teacher of a Bible class in the Sunday school of the Central Baptist Church, which numbers about 175 persons, and is prob ably the largest in the city. Mr. Brockway was happily married early in life to Miss Emma Hale, of Cold Spring, Putnam county, N. Y., and they are the parents of five daughters, all living, and one son, who died soon after their removal to this city. Bachman, Chas., was born on a large farm in the township of Taghkanick, Columbia county, N. Y., on September 30, 1837, a son of Jacob and Elizabeth Bach man, both of whom died in the city of Hudson, county of Columbia — the former in 344 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. his ninety-third year, and the latter in her ninetieth year. His original ancestors were Dutch, and came to this country from Holland, although the name might seem to indicate a German origin. He was educated in the common schools of his native county, and when quite young, removed to the city of Hudson and began his life of self support as clerk in a grocery store, on a wage contract of |25 per year and his board, living in the home of his employer. He soon entered, as salesman, the cloth ing store of his uncle, Hon. Samuel Bachman, of Hudson, who was also president of the Farmers Bank, and mayor of the city. He retained this position some three years, and then for about two years was associated with John E. Gillette, of Philadelphia, a very successful publisher of county maps, his work being largely the correction of township surveyor's drafts, involving extensive and constant travel through the ter ritory; and then finally correcting the proofs of the engraver at Philadelphia. Dur ing the time he filled these last two positions his thoughts were directed toward the Christian ministry ; and while thus engaged with his secular duties, under the guid ance and tuition of special instructors, who became aggressively interested in him, he began the studies needful to fit him for his professional future. This intellectual training was carried on amid many interruptions, at night, and while traveling through the counties with horse and buggy, using such snatches of time for this pur pose as could be taken without neglecting his duties to his employers. In 1860 he gave up entirely his secular work, and devoted a considerable time uninterruptedly to study. Meanwhile he moved to Brooklyn, N. Y., where he continued his work of preparation, and subsequently became pastor of a mission connected with the Methodist Episcopal Church in that city. On Jan. 15, 1862, he was married to Anna Marie Mix, of Brooklyn, daughter of Major G. Mix, a well known citizen of that city. In 1864 he joined the New York East Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church as a probationer ; and after four years of time, and very rigid examinations, covering a broad curriculum of studies, he received full ordination as an elder. He has always deeply regretted that he did not have the advantages of a collegiate training, but this pleasure was denied him and made his future work all the harder. During his con nection with the New York East Conference he had four pastorates on Long Island outside of Brooklyn, one in Hartford, Conn. , one in New York, and four in the city of Brooklyn. For several years he was one of the four secretaries of the Conference, with Rev. Dr. (now Bishop) Goodsell as chief. His last ministerial work proper was in connection with the Hanson Place Methodist Episcopal Church of Brooklyn, hav ing a membership of 1,800, being associated with the late Rev. Dr. J. O. Peck as assistant pastor, this relation continuing for one and a half years. Although thor oughly successful in his several pastorates, for various reasons he decided to return to business life. Accordingly, in the spring of 1881, he took a location in his Con ference, and has since then sustained the relation of a regularly located elder in the Methodist Episcopal Church, returning his ordination parchments of deacon and elder. After retiring from the pastorate, he was for two years engaged in introduc ing "The People's Cyclopedia," published by the Methodist Book Concern of New York. In Jan., 1884, he came, with his family, to Syracuse, N. Y., where he has since resided. In 1885 he began the work of life insurance, spending two years with the agency of the Connecticut Mutual in this city. Resolving to make life insurance a permanent business, hemade a careful and conscientious study of the leading com panies in the field and their methods. During the pendency of" this question he, re- FAMILY SKETCHES. 345 ceived many overtures and some very lucrative offers from several of the larger com panies. His judgment finally settled upon the Northwestern Mutual Life of Milwau kee, Wis., and he decided to cast his lot with this company, which he did in the spring of 1887, desiring meanwhile a general agency contract when a good vacancy might occur. For one year his contract was with the home office direct, his duties requiring him to travel extensively, spending much of his time in the larger cities of the country. Preferring work that would be rather local in its nature he connected him self with the Syracuse agency of the Northwestern, under contract with C. T. Brock way, at that time and for many years general agent. This relation continued until Jan. 1, 1892, when a copartnership was formed, under the firm name of Brockway & Bachman, upon a general agency contract with the company. Munro, David A., Camillus, was born in Camillus, Aug. 18, 1818, a son of David and Abigail (Carpenter) Munro, natives of Massachusetts and Orange Co., N. Y. , re spectively. Squire Munro, grandfather of our subject, lived and died here, and was a Revolutionary soldier. Moses C. Carpenter, maternal grandfather of Mr. Munro, came from Orange Co. to this locality, and died in what is now Elbridge. The father of our subject was a prominent man in the community, having served as jus tice of the peace about twenty years, also as supervisor, county judge, member of the Legislature, and of the Constitutional Convention of 1840. He died in 1866, aged over eighty, his wife dying two years later. David A. married first Mary Jane Hill, by whom he had four sons: David A., jr., Isaac H., Thomas H., and John S., all now of Camillus. He married second Electa R. Smith, who died in 1894. Our sub ject is vice-president of the Salt Springs Bank and a member of the Baptist church, in which he has been deacon for many years. Negus, Frank J., Fabius, was born in Fabius, Oct. 24, 1861, a son of Fernando and Helen (Conklin) Negus, also natives of Fabius. Th e grandfather was John, who married Priscilla Ox, and the father of John was Isaac, a native of England, who came to America, and settled in New England. Later he removed to this State, and died in Fabius. Fernando Negus bought the farm he now owns in the town of Fabius in 1834. where he has since resided. Our subject was educated in the common and Cortland Normal Schools, and after finishing his studies spent a year in the wagon shop in Cortland, but has since engaged in farming, his place consisting of 47 acres. He is a member of the Republican County Committee and takes an active in terest in local affairs. In 1885 he married Alice Brink, a native of Freetown, N. Y. , by whom hehas three children: Warren E., Merrill E., and Marguerite L. Norton, Chauncey M. , of Onondaga Valley, was born in this town in 1839. He is a veteran of the late war, having enlisted in Sept., 1861, and was sworn in the ser vice two months later. He was with Co. G, 75th N. Y. Vols. , was taken prisoner in Sept. , 1863, at Sabine Pass, Texas, was taken to Houston, and from there transferred north to Camp Groce, thence to a camp near Shreveport, La., thence to Camp Ford, Texas, and there paroled; returned to Shreveport, and on July 22, 1864, was ex changed, having been a prisoner ten and a half months. After a thirty-day furlough he rejoined his regiment and served until his discharge in Dec. , 1864. The father of Chauncey M. was Burritt Norton, who came here when a child with his father, Augustus, from Connecticut. Our subject married Sarah. Rood, by whom he has four children: Clara M., Olla, Rosa, and Susie. 346 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Northway, Isaac, La Fayette, was born Aug. 5, 1805, a son of Zenas and Rhoda Northway, who came to this town in an early day (1806), where they lived and died, the former in 1843, and the latter in 1832. Isaac was reared on a farm, educated in the common schools, and was one of the well-to-do farmers of the town, and was also a member of the State militia. In 1833 he married Janet Parkerson, a native of Haverstraw, and a daughter of John and Polly (Tompkins) Parkerson, who came in an early day to La Fayette. Mr. and Mrs. Northway had three children: Truman, who lives in Wisconsin; John, who lives in La Fayette; Eugene, who was drowned in 1849. Isaac Northway died Feb. 22, 1892. He was a correspondent for the Syra cuse Standard for five years, and furnished a great deal of information about the early settlement of the town. Peck, Marquis L. , Manlius, is descended from New Eng land stock on both paternal and maternal sides, and by the former is the ninth in generation from England, his English ancestor, Henry Peck, with two brothers, having come over in the ship Hec tor, and landed in Boston in 1638, from whence they soon went to New Haven and were among the pioneer settlers of that colony. On both sides of the family he is descended from Revolutionary stock, his- grandfather, Benjamin Peck. having enlisted at the age of 18 years from Windham coun ty, Conn., and served till the close of the war ; on the ma ternal side his great-grand father, James Knowles, was a lieutenant in the Continental navy and perished while on a secret expedition sent out from Hartford during the latter part of the war. Marquis L. Peck was born in the town of Sullivan, Madison Co., N. Y., near North Manlius, April 11, 1825; he was educated in the common schools and attended the Oneida Conference Seminary, Cazenovia, in the years 1843-4. After spending three years as a teacher of common schools, he followed in the footsteps of his father, James Peck, as a successful farmer on the old home stead of 200 acres in Sullivan, from which he retired in 1870 and settled in the com fortable home now occupied by him in Fayetteville. His father came from Pittsfield, Mass., in the year 1812, being a native of Canterbury, Windham Co., Conn. ; he was born May 8, 1786, and married Sallie Knowles, oldest daughter of Judge John Knowles, of Chittenango', Madison Co., who was one of the most prominent citizens Marquis L. Peck. FAMILY SKETCHES. 347 of the county, having been several terms supervisor of Sullivan, a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1821, a member of the New York Assembly in 1823-4; he was also one of the first stockholders and a commissioner from Madison Co. with General Hough for the Utica and Syracuse R. R. Co. in 1837-8. To James and Sallie Peck were born nine children, of whom Marquis L. is the sole survivor. James Peck was a second time married on April 17, 1836, to Mrs. Elizabeth Delaney; to them were born three children, two daughters and a son, the former of which are now living, in Athens, Alabama; he died Feb. 24, 1842. He never was a politician, but was a consistent church member and a true and active Christian. Marquis L. Peck has been identified with the Republican party since its formation; before that he belonged to the Free Soil wing of the Democratic party. He was for nine years an assessor, six years in Onondaga and thre*e years in Madison Co. ; was a census enumerator in 1865, and U. S. census marshal in 1870; was chairman and secretary of the Fayetteville Union School three years, and- has been a member of the board of directors of the Fayetteville National Bank fifteen years, and its vice-president since 1886, on the 'death of Levi Snell, and his successor. He was married April 8, 1851, to Sarah E. Fritcher, daughter of Michael and Phebe Fritcher of Bridgeport, N. Y. To them have been born four children, one of whom died in childhood and three are now living: Mrs. J. H. Mathews, of Fayetteville, N. Y'. ; Charles M. Peck, superintendent of electric lights, Iowa City, la. ; and .Mrs. F. W. Gridley, of West Onondaga street, Syracuse, N. Y. Norton, YVillard,' Spafford, was born April 22, 1844, the second of eight children born to Erastus and Mary (Isdell) Norton. Erastus was a native of Spafford, born Sept. 3, 1818. His parents, Moses and Percy (Barbar) Norton, both of Waterbury, Conn. , came to Spafford, being pioneers of Cold Brook. From here they moved to Iona, where they died. The father of Moses was Ozias. Moses was a soldier in the war of 1812. Erastus Norton was a carpenter by trade. He was at one time col lector, also town clerk. He died, and Mrs. Norton still resides in Spafford. Willard learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed until 1893, when he engaged in farming. He now works Mr. Maxson's farm of 135 acres and makes a specialty of dairying, keeping about 20 cows. In 1870 Mr. Norton married Mary, daughter of Warren and Emily Doty of Spafford. They have one daughter, Angie. Willard enlisted in the 122d N. Y. Y'ols. in 1862, and was honorably discharged July 3, 1865, He was in the battles of Antietam, Cold Harbor, Getttysburg, Fredericksburg, etc. Mr. Norton is now supervisor of Spafford, serving his second term. He is a member of Scott Post No. 674, G. A. R. Mr. and Mrs. Norton are members of the M. E. church. Northrup, Clark L. , Elbridge, was born in Pompey in 1837, a son of Abraham, who came there from Connecticut about 1790 and opened up a farm (now owned by Clark L. Northrup), returning to Connecticut for his wife. They settled here and reared seven children. This was the original Northrup family in Onondaga Co. Lorenzo, fourth son of this family, was reared on the farm, and married Delia Clark, by whom he had three children: Mrs. W. L. Webber of Genesee Co., Sarah, and Clark L. His wife died in 1848, and he married Olive L. Sherman of Sherman Hollow. Clark L. married Maria L. Holbrook of Pompey, who died in 1859. He married (second) Frances M. Knapp, of one of the old Pompey families, and they have two children, 348 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Mary C, a teacher in the public schools, and Robert G., the latter educated in the Jordan academy. Mr. Northrup came to Elbridge in 1887, retaining the farm in Pompey. Powell, Bernard, Marcellus, was born in Marcellus, Sept. 4, 1855, son of Bernard and Ann Powell. He was educated in Marcellus and engaged in farming, then went into the furniture business, in which he continued seven years, and then opened the Powell house in Marcellus. This is one of the neatest and pleasantest hotels to be found in any village in the county. Mr. Powell is naturally a landlord, and has the faculty of making his guests feel at home. He married Mary A., daughter of Mar tin Dolan of Marcellus, and they have an adopted daughter, Clara D. Nightingale, William, Marcellus, born in England, Nov. 20, 1833, son of Henry and Charlotte Nightingale, came from England to Marcy, Oneida Co., then went to Columbia, Chenango Co., and from there came to Marcellus in 1853, where he has since resided, conducting a saw mill, also a cider and feed mill. Mr. Nightingale has a large business in his line, extending through Marcellus and adjoining towns. He married Agnes Jennings, and has two children living ; the oldest is William Nightin gale, jr., who is in business in Marcellus, and Frank, who lives with his father. Northway, Dr. William L., Marcellus, was born in Yates Co., Jan. 6, 1852, son of Luther and Frances (French) Northway. Luther was born in Hornby, Steuben Co., March 8, 1817, and died June 16, 1893. He joined the Methodist Episcopal church in Corning in 1840. After two years in Lima Seminary he joined the Genesee Con ference, and began his long and successful career as an itinerant. He was pre-emi nently a revivalist. After serving numerous charges he moved to Syracuse in 1873, when he bought the property where the smallpox hospital now stands, and after living on it three years sold it to the city. He then continued his itinerant work until he moved to Seneca Falls. At Seneca Falls he quit the itinerant work, taking the superannuated relation. The records of his work show that hundreds were converted through his labors. As a preacher he was clear, logical and eloquent. Our subject was educated at Macedon Academy, where he began preparation for college, and fin ished at Cazenovia. He then went to Syracuse University, and next to Chicago and studied medicine. He was there five years, and then returned to Marcellus, where he has since practiced his profession. Our subject married Fannie K., daughter of John F. Jones, who was the inventor of the straw board machine for making a straw board in a continuous sheet. This is the machine now in universal use, being the only one of its kind. Mrs. Northway was born in Rochester, and moved to Marcellus in 1865, where she has since resided. She married Dr. Northway, June 5, 1884, and has two children, Leslie G. and Selah Els worth. Pierce, James, Otisco, was born in Otisco, Dec. 20, 1840, a son of Nathan N. and Delia (French) Pierce, he anative of Vermont and she of Otisco. The paternal grand parents lived and died in Vermont. The maternal grandfather was a pioneer of this town, where he died, being killed by the fall of a tree. Nathan N. Pierce was left an orphan when quite young, and had his own way to make, following agriculture principally. His death occurred Dec. 18, 1869, and his wife died in 1853. James was reared on the farm. He was for several years in the marble business at Vesper, and for a while followed thrashing. He was a stockholder and director of the Tullv Fur- FAMILY SKETCHES. 349 niture Manufactory. Mr. Pierce now has a farm of 190 acres, and makes a specialty of growing hay, which he presses and ships, in partnership with Mr. Burroughs, handling about 15,000 tons annually. He and his son Nathaniel are also in the lum ber business, and also conduct a saw and grist mill at Vesper. They are also dealers in Lester & Crocker's fertilizers at Vesper and Tully. In 1863 Mr. Pierce married Olive E. Ackerman, a daughter of Ebenezer and Hannah Ackerman of Truxton, N. Y. They have had these children: Franklin, who died aged 24; Burton, who died aged 20; two who died in infancy; Nathaniel, who is in business with his father ; James, who is preparing for a teacher, and Melvin, at home. Mr. Pierce has served as collector and road commissioner in Tully. Palmer, Gideon M. , Clay, was born in Clay on the farm he has owned for many years, July 18, 1816, son of Nathaniel Palmer, who came here as early as 1812. He was in the war of 1812. He married Eliza Lott, by whom he had eight children, in cluding our subject. He married (second) Sarah Freidendolf, by whom he also had eight children. He has never aspired to public office, and is a highly respected citizen. , Nash, Henry A., was born in the city of Albany, Dec. 26, 1822, son of Henry and Catherine Nash. This is one of the oldest families in Clay. The father was born on a farm on the Hudson River, Jan. 23, 1792. His wife was born in Albany, Sept. 9, 1798. On the father's side the family is of English descent, Alexander Nash having come to this country in the Revolutionary time. Our subject, Henry A., is the sec ond child of a family of seven. He has always followed farming, and has lived in Clay since 1837. He now owns a farm of 75 acres, and married, May 6, 1855, Maria, daughter of Charles Harrington. They have two children: Martha A., and Henry Charles, who married Delia L. Green and lives at home. Our subject has held the office of constable and poormaster. Preston Brothers, Patrick and John, Salina, brick manufacturers, are located near the First ward, where they settled in 1884. The are natives of Ireland, coming to America in 1866 and 1880 respectively. They manufacture and sell about 2,500,000 of bricks annually. They own 42 acres of land where they live, and also own property in Syracuse. Paddock, Philip H. , Camillus, was born in 1838, and has always resided on his present farm of 80 acres. Solomon Paddock, the grandfather, came to Camillus from Dutchess Co. in 1810, and in 1812 located on the homestead where Philip now resides. Solomon died in 1845. Noah Marshall, the maternal grandfather, came from Connecticut, locating in Oswego Co. in 1804. He married here, and in 1844 moved to Indiana, where he died. The parents, Isaac and Susan, natives of Van Buren and Camillus, located on the Paddock farm in 1836. The father died in 1871 aged 60, and the mother, born in 1814, resides with Philip. Plumb, the late George, was a native of Chenango Co., and when about 21 years old came to Camillus. He was in the mercantile trade till 1832, then located on Gen esee street and engaged in agricultural pursuits till his death in 1889, aged 84 years. His wife, who survives him, was Eliza Kimberly, a native of Camillus, and Julia M. is one of a family of six surviving children. Patterson, Loren L., Camillus, was born in Syracuse in 1841, a son of Robert and 350 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL Lucy A. (Adkins) Patterson, natives of Ireland and this county, respectively. The father came from Ireland with his parents when an infant, and they lived and died in Syracuse. Our subject was brought up in the milling business with his father, and in 1870 established his mills at Camillus, under the name of the Globe Roller Mills. They are full rollers and have a capacity of 200 barrels daily. Wells, Samuel J., Manlius, was born in New Hartford, Oneida Co., N. Y., March 22, 1830, and is the second of three children of James Wells, who was a son of Samuel Wells, a native of East Hartford, Conn. Samuel J. Wells was educated in the common schools and Clinton and Homer Acade mies, and engaged m the hardware business with Julius H. Royce, in Albion, Orleans Co., in 1850. In 1855 he bought the hardware store of Gilmore & Pattee in Fayetteville, On ondaga Co. , and in 1865 estab lished a coal yard in that vil lage, which he conducted for twenty-five years. He had for long been engaged in planting a fruit orchard on his farm in the village, and, sell ing his mercantile interests, has since 1890 devoted his at tention to fruit culture. His fruit farm of 50 acres, consists of 30 acres of vineyards, 10 acres currants, and the remainder in orchards of apples, pears, and plums, gardens, etc. In 1864 Mr. Wells built his present home at " Wellwood," where a beautiful sheet of water called Islet Lake is one of the leading features of the handsome property. The grand old trees" which line the highway and fill the spacious park were all set out by the owner. Mr. Wells is a staunch Republican, a deacon and elder of the Presbyterian church, and has always been a leader in school matters. He was the moving spirit in building the imposing school house and chairman of the Board of Trustees which constituted the committee on construction. He was married Oct. 12, 1854, to Anna Smith Col lin (see family history David Collin). They are the parents of five sons and one daughter: Samuel James, born Sept. 5, 1856; David Collin, born Sept. 23, 1858; John Lewis, born Dec 26, 1860; Paul Irving, born March 9, 1863; Dana Huntington, born July 6, 1868; and Anna Sophia, born Oct. 14, 1871. The latter was educated at Burnham and Smith College, taking a special course in music. The sons were edu cated at Phillips Academy, Andover. David C. is professor of sociology at Dart mouth College; John L. was for twelve years a lawyer and farmer in Ipswich, S. D., Samuel J. Wells. FAMILY SKETCHES. 351 now in New Y'ork city ; and Paul Irving is superintendent of the 3d Division, 750 miles, of the Southern Railway, headquarters at Columbia, S. C. ; all graduates of Yale, the first in 1880, the second in 1882, and the third in 1885. Dana was graduated from Phillips Academy and follows farming and fruit growing with his father. Phelps, Dudley A., Dewitt, was born in Syracuse in 1837, son of Ralph R. and Elizabeth Phelps, natives of Connecticut. The father came to Syracuse about 1809 and followed the wagonmaking trade until 1850. He then took the contract of build ing 16 miles of the Great Western Railroad in Canada, opposite Detroit. He fol lowed up railroad contracting for a number of years, building 22 miles near Charles ton, S. C, and also part of the Utica & Boonville Road, and finally purchased the homestead at Dewitt. After residing here a few years, he retired to Syracuse and died in 1874. Dudley A. follows general farming and dairying. In 1863 he married Delia M. Avery, who died in 1867, leaving one son, William R. His second wife was Sarah L. Quintard, by whom he has three children, George E., Lizzie A., and Charles W. Ochsner, M. H. , Dewitt, proprietor of the Central New York Fruit Garden, was born in Switzerland in 1842. In 1853 he came to America with his parents, Michael and Magdelaine, locating in the town of Onondaga. They remained here seven years, in the nursery business, then followed farming fourteen years in Cicero, and in 1873 located on his present place of 25 acres. The father died in 1883, aged 71, and the mother in 1889, aged 73. In 1871 Mr. Ochsner married Rosina Fisher, a na tive of Bavaria, who in childhood located in the town of Manlius. Mr. Ochsner through a thorough knowledge and love of his business has been very successful in growing the finest fruits that can be grown in this section. His strawberry beds, plum, pear, and prune orchards are kept in at least as fine a state of cultivation as any of the State experiment grounds. He is county committeeman of the Western N. Y. Horticultural Society, a member of the Central N. Y. Horticultural Society, and a charter member of the Farmers' Club. Quigley, William B., Skaneateles, was born in Elbridge, June 16, 1859, a son of James and Ellen (Butler) Quigley, natives of Ireland, who came to Skaneateles about 1850, where they have since resided. Our subject was reared to farm work, educated in the commnn schools, and the Munro Collegiate Institute of Elbridge, and for about five years was a clerk for Mr. Gamble, also clerking in this town two years for J. M. Purcell. In 1891 he engaged in the mercantile business in Mottville, which he has since continued successfully. In 1888 he married Anna Feeley, and their children are James, John, and Ellen. Pardee, Amos R., Skaneateles, was born in Skaneateles Nov. 25, 1828, son of Amos Pardee, who was born in Connecticut and came here in 1804 at the age of 16. Amos Pardee was a wool carder and machinist, one of the first in this section of the country. He had the business of fixing the machines all through this part of the country. He died Jan. 16, 1878, at the age of 90 years. Amos R. first went to work at farming, also as surveyor's clerk. He then became superintendent of the inside de partment of a pork packing business. During this time he has also assisted his father in cultivating the farm. He is one of the best known farmers in the town, having bought out his father's interest before the death of the same. He married 352 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Lucy Brinkerhoff, of Marcellus, by whom he has four children, Charles R. , Clemen tine F. , Homer A. , and Frank A. Newman, Charles, Cicero, was born in Germany, Feb. 2, 1832. He came to the United States in 1848 and settled first in Liverpool, Onondaga Co., where he re mained six years, working in the salt works. He then moved to Clay, where he run a saw mill. From there he came to Cicero and settled on the farm he now owns. He married Abigal Herweg, of Germany, by whom he has six children. They all fol low farming. Pendergast, Walter, Baldwinsville, noted breeder of blooded stock, was born in County Wexford, Ireland, Sept. 11, 1842, and came to the United States with his father, Stephen, in 1857 and settled in the town of Lysander. He married Cath erine, daughter of Michael Keoven, by whom he has eight children: James, Stephen, Walter, Lawrence, Annie, Sarah, Catherine, and Mary. Mr. Pendergast is one of the representative farmers of the town, having 350 acres of land and raising large amounts of hay and grain. He was the first person to introduce the Hambletonian breed of horses into Onondaga Co. through the celebrated sire, Lysander, whose colts won a high reputation in the United States and Europe. He now has in his posses sion the well known sire, Kentucky Dictator. Mr. Pendergast is recognized as a man of sterling integrity. Perkins, W. W. , Baldwinsville, was born in Rome, Oneida Co., March 29, 1828. His father, Zebulon W. , was a native of Rhode Island, son of Jenks Perkins, who married Betsey Wanton, daughter of the governor of Rhode Island. Zebulon W. came to Whitestown, Oneida Co. , and married Harriet Austin. He died at the age of 86 years. W. YV. Perkins was educated in the common schools, after which he entered the dental office of his brother, D. W. Perkins, at Rome. In 1852 he came to Baldwinsville and established his present business, in which he has continued for 42 years, employing the most approved methods of dental surgery. He married Julia A., daughter of Harvey Jennings, of Norwalk, Conn., and they have one daughter, Hattie J. Their only son, Harvey J., died at the age of 23 years. Mr. Perkins was the first Whig to be elected town clerk in 1854. He received the ap pointment of postmaster from President Grant, which position he held for 17 years. During the Civil war he took an active part in organizing Companies A of the 122d Regiment, and B, of the 149th. He has long been one of the prominent men of the town. Palmer, Onias L., Baldwinsville, was born in Rosmond, Jefferson Co. , Jan, 2, 1818, son of Behm Palmer, a native of Saratoga Co. The family were of English descent and came to the United States before the Revolutionary war. Behm Palmer mar ried Lucretia, daughter of Nathaniel Crook. He came to the town of Lysander in 1834 and bought the Lockwood property, which has been in the family for 60 years. Onias L. married Jane, daughter of Ebenezer Leslie, by whom he has five children: Charles O., George L., William C, John J., and Mary L. Mr. Palmer is one of the leading farmers of his town. Preston, Thomas B., Van Buren, was born in Van Buren, Aug. 3, 1855. His father, Francis Preston, was a native of Liverpool, England, and came to the United Statesand married Betsey A., daughter of P. Carroll, by whom he had one son, FAMILY SKETCHES. 353 Thomas B. Francis was a cloth manufacturer by trade and held the office of super intendent in the Baldwinsville Woolen Mills. He afterwards engaged in farming, buying the Taft property in 1852, where his son now resides. He died in 1884, aged 80 years. Thomas B. was educated in the Baldwinsville Academy. In 1889 he mar ried Nora E. Cowan, and they have one son, Francis. Mr. Preston is one of the representative farmers of the town and takes a leading part in the events of the day. Nichols, Erwin F., Y'an Buren, was born in Van Buren, Feb. 24, 1844. Francis R., his father, came to Warners in 1820. He married Clarissa, daughter of Capt. Seth Warner, who settled there in 1803, and after whom the settlement took its name. He and his brother, Henry Warner, bought 800 acres of land there and were among the most prominent farmers of the town. Capt. Seth Warner died in 1858, aged 84 years. Francis R. Nichols followed farming and was also local pastor of the M. E. church. He was also engaged in the mercantile business for seven years. He died in 1865, aged 64 years. Erwin F. married Eunice, daughter of A. K. Clark, in 1872. Mr. and Mrs. Nichols have four children: Clark A., Francis R., William P., and Bessie M. Mr. Nichols is a leading man of the town and has held many offices of trust. Powers, John F. , Fabius, was born in Fabius, March 1, 1858, the second of eight children of James and Maria (Burke) Powers, natives of Ireland, who came to America about 1852 and settled in Newbury, N.Y'., thence to Fabius, where they re mained. Mr. Powers died in 1892, aged 72, and his wife survives him. The grand parents were John and Mary Ann (Dunn) Powers, of Ireland, the former dying there and his widow coming to this country. John F. was reared in Fabius, where he be gan his business career as a miller, conducting the Chaffee Mills for about a year, was next engaged in the lumber business in Fabius four years, then spent a year in Bing hamton with the Binghamton Wagon Works, after which he bought a half interest in the Fabius grist mill, where he has since continued, the firm being known as Clark & Powers. They grind custom feed and keep constantly on hand a supply for market, handling about 1,000 tons annually. Mr. Powers is also engaged in teaming. In 1884 he married Julia, daughter of William and Emma Quinlan of this town, and they have had four children: J. Leslie, Winnifred E., Maria, and William E. Pierce, D. L., Fabius, was born Aug. 1, 1840, in Truxton, a son of Richard W. and Fidelia F. (Bliss) Pierce. The grandfather of our subject, William Pierce, was a native of Colerain, Mass., came to Truxton, and there died. The maternal grand father was Peter Bliss, a native of Massachusetts, who also settled in Truxton, but died in Pompey. Richard Pierce died in 1877, and his wife in 1873. D. L. Pierce was educated in the common schools, and excepting four years when he was engaged in the live stock and' meat business, and four years in Cuyler in the hotel business, has followed farming. He came to Fabius in 1880 and bought his present farm of 64 acres, where he carries on general farming and dairying, also hop growing. He is a Mason of De Ruyter Lodge No. 692. In 1871 he married Emily Pierce, a native of Hamilton, by whom he has four children : Walter J. , born Jan. 28, 1873 ; Rena, who died aged four years; Josie E.,, who died aged 13; and William E., who died aged 13. Neal, William Wallace, Fabius, was born in Cuyler, April 15, 1837, a. son of Darius 354 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. and Mary (Rice) Neal, natives of Connecticut, who came to Truxton about 1820, where the father died Jan. 4, 1877, and the mother Oct. 4 of the same year. The former served in various offices of public trust, and was a prominent man in his town. William W. was educated in De Ruyter and Cuyler and bought his present farm of 146 acres in 1861. In 1860 he married Maria, daughter of Jonathan and Harriet (Clark) Squires of Fabius, where the mother died March 29, 1890. Mr. Squires now resides in Apulia. Mr. and Mrs. Neal have one son, Elmer D., born April 4, 1864, who resides at home. He married Olive, daughter of Martin June, an early settler of Tully, and they have one daughter, Grace M., born Dec. 26, 1885. Perkins, Lester, Fabius, was born in Litchfield, Conn., March 21, 1858, a son of Charles and Lucy (Merriman) Perkins, also natives of Connecticut, where the father died in 1874, and his widow now resides there. Our subject came to Fabius at the age of ten years to reside with his uncle, John T. Colby, and was educated in the public schools. He has worked in the cheese factory for six years, though farming has been his principal occupation. In 1879 he married Philura Fox, by whom he has had nine children: Lottie, John W. , Frank, Jessie, Charles, Grace, Mary, Ethel, and Rosette. John W. died July 7, 1894. Pollock, Joseph Cutler, Pompey,, was born in Pompey, Sept. 17, 1844, a son of John and Elizabeth (Cameron) Pollock, natives of Londonderry, Ireland, who early came to this country. The parents of John Pollock, were John and Catherine (Hun ter) Pollock, who settled on the place now owned by Joseph C. The father of J. C. Pollock was a linen weaver in Ireland, but after arrival in America devoted his time chiefly to farming. He died in 1875 and his wife in 1881. Joseph C. was reared on the farm, and educated in the public schools and Pompey Academy. He now owns the homestead of 133 acres, where he carries on dairy and grain farming. Pease, Frederick S. , Pompey, was born in Pompey, a son of Spencer and Elizabeth (Duguid) Pease, natives of Cazenovia and Pompey respectively. The grandfather, David Pease, came from Connecticut to this town, where he was a Baptist minister. He went to Ashville, Mass., later where he died. Spencer was a harnessmaker by trade, and was located in Pavillion, Genesee Co. He enlisted in the 8th N.Y'. Heavy Artillery and was killed at the battle of Cold Harbor in June, 1864. His widow now resides in Covington, Ky. A brother of Spencer was Dr. Pease, late of Syracuse, who was army surgeon in the war. Frederick was educated in the schools of Cazenovia, and except for three years when he was engaged as a hardware clerk has followed farming. He owns a farm in Pompey of 200 acres and carries on general farming and dairying. In 1881 he married Jennie, daughter of Francis and Marcia (Wallace) Beers of Fabius. Osborn, Orrin, was born in Fabius, Dec. 11/1835, a son of Lysander and Jane (Waterbury) Osborn, he of Massachusetts and she of Nashua. Lyman came with his parents to Fabius in an early day. He served as assessor of Fabius three years, and took a leading part in local affairs. Our subject has always followed farming except seven years, when he worked at cheesemaking in different localities. In 1874 he bought the farm in Pompey, where he has since lived, comprising 138 acres of fine dairy land. In 1865 he married True A. Hughs of Oneida Co., by whom he has one daughter, Alice J., who was educated at Pompey Hill and at Onondaga Valley, and now teaches in the Manlius graded school. FAMILY SKETCHES. 355 Plopper, Charles A. , Manlius, was born in Gouverneur, St. Lawrence Co. , March 26, 1849. He was educated in the common schools and lived with his father on the farm until nineteen years of age, when his parents moved to Kirkville, where they were engaged in farming. Charles A. worked farms on shares for three years, then began teaming. In 1888 he established the first livery in Kirkville, which he still conducts in connection with his hotel. In April, 1892, he purchased the Munro House, now called the Plopper House, which he has newly furnished and decorated. It is known to travelers as one of the most comfortable hotels on their route. In 1869 Mr. Plopper married Caroline, daughter of the late Ezekiel Brown, by whom he has one child: William, who assists in conducting the hotel. Pettet, William Nelson, Manlius, was born in Canada, March 30, 1837. Isaac Pettet, his father, was also a native of Canada and came to New York in 1847. He was a wagonmaker by trade and was employed by different wagonmakers in Manlius for a number of years. He was a member of the Methodist church. He died May 4, 1882, aged 69 years. His wife, Nancy Ellsworth, was also a native of Canada. She died July 12, 1884. Of this union seven children were born, four of whom are now living. William N., the oldest son, was educated in the common schools. After leaving school he engaged in farming, which occupation he has always followed. Aug. 26, 1862, he enlisted in Co. F, 149th Regt. N. Y. Vols., and served until the battle of Resaca, when he received a wound that incapacitated him from further ser vice. In 1866 he bought a farm of 38 acres on lot 100, where he has since conducted a general line of farming. In 1856 Mr. Pettet married Sarah A. Keeling, of Eng lish ancestry, by whom he has six children : Cora, wife of Fred Suiter of Rochester ; Charles, a mechanic of Cortland ; James, living at home ; Ida, wife of John Call, a farmer, of Manlius ; Albert, a farmer ; and Clarence, also living at home. A grand son, Floyd Pettet, forms a part of the family. Plank, John T., Manlius, was born in Johnstown, Fulton Co., Dec. 22, 1827. Adam C. , his father, was a farmer and lumberman of Fulton Co. He died within a mile of his birthplace, April 18, 1881. His wife, Catherine Cole, was born in Colum bia Co., and died in the town of Manlius, Aug. 19, 1884. Eleven children were born to this union, six of whom are now living. For four generations the Plank family have been residents of this country, having come here from Holland in the eigh t- eenth century. John T. was educated in the district schools, then engaged in team ing. He occupied one of his father's farms in Fulton Co. until 1867, then removed to Onondaga Co. and bought a farm of 80 acres in the town of Manlius, which he conducted for three years, then sold. He then bought 57 acres on the same lot, which he increased by purchase to 62 acres. He made his home here until April, 1890, when he leased the farm and moved to Manlius Station. In May, 1894, he sold his farm to his son-in-law, John Fout, and now lives a retired life in his pretty village residence. In 1850 Mr. Plank married Catherine, daughter of Henry Erkenbeck, a farmer of Fulton Co., who died June 18, 1880, leaving three children: Jennie, wife of John Fout; Georgiana, wife of William Harris, motorman on the East Genesee street car line, of Syracuse ; and Milford, in the employ of the Electric Supply Co. , of Syracuse, born September 25, 1856, married in 1880 to Letty Flint, of East Syra cuse. In 1882 Mr. Plank married Caroline Lout, who died December 12, 1892. Pfeifer, Peter, Manlius, was born in province Bavaria, Germany, July 25, 1826. 356 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Jacob, his father, came to this country in 1846, bringing his wife and two children : Mrs. Margaret Hausch and Peter. He settled in the town of Verona, Oneida Co. , where he died Dec. 31, 1849. His wife, Margaret Darragh, died in Syracuse, Sept. 28, 1850. Peter was educated in the common schools of his native land, then engaged in farming. After coming to this country he spent five months in a glass factory, but in 1847 they bought land and Peter has since followed farming. In April, 1868, he bought a farm of 50 acres in the town of Manlius, where he has since made his home. In 1855 Mr. Pfeifer married Margaret Gerhardt, of Germany, who died July 15, 1890. Three children were born to this union: Jacob, tinsmith, of Syracuse; George, conducts the farm ; and Catherine, is the wife of John Wiemeyer, a farmer of the town. George Pfeifer married, Dec. 29, 1886, Katherine Drumm, by whom he has one child: Lena Catherine, aged six years. Palmer, Dr. George W., Manlius, was born in the town of Galway, Saratoga Co., Oct. 19, 1827. Justus H., his father, moved to Madison Co. and settled on a farm, when George W. was 12 years of age. Dr. Palmer was educated in a select school at Ballston Springs and Cazenovia Seminary. After leaving school he took up the study of medicine in connection with teaching, and in 1848 he entered Geneva Medical College, graduating in 1851. He also holds an honorary diploma from the Syracuse Medical College, given in 1880. After graduating from Geneva he began practice at Kirkville, taking the practice of. Dr. Sweet, who had recently died. The doctor is a member of Military Lodge No. 93, F. & A. M., and the I.O.O.F., of which he was the noble grand several terms. Jan. 11, 1851, Dr. Palmer married Donna Maria, daughter of Judge Downer, who died Aug. 11, 1860, leaving one son, George L., a farmer of Minnesota. He then married in 1863, Bertha C. Downer, who died Aug. 3, 1869, leaving one son, Floyd H., for four years manager of a syndicate hotel for the Union Pacific Railroad, afterward conducting a hotel at La Porte, now a farmer of this town. The present Mrs. Palmer is Mary Etta, daughter of William Brown, of Syracuse. Putnam, George W., Manlius, was born in the town of Tully, April 30, 1839. Abram, his father, was a native of Montgomery Co., born in Canajoharie in 1793 and came to Onondaga Co. in 1836. He was a farmer and was engaged on various farms in Tully, Spafford and Marcellus. He died in Manlius in March, 1874. His wife, Hannah Van Alstine, was also a native of Montgomery Co. They had eight children, of whom six are living. George W., the youngest, was educated in the common schools and a select school, then engaged in farming. He was 15 years old when his parents moved to Marcellus, where' he lived until 1867, when they moved to Manlius. In 1874 Mr. Putnam bought a farm of 30 acres in that town, which is devoted especially to the cultivation of fruit. Mr. Putnam has been collector, con stable, and in 1882 was appointed deputy sheriff. In 1892 he was elected on the high license ticket to the office of excise commissioner. In 1871 Mr. Putnam mar ried Caroline Bellinger, of Montgomery Co. He and his family are members of the Methodist church of Fayetteville. Powell, Jesse F., Manlius, was born in Dewitt, May 28, 1859. Jesse H., his father, was born in Greene Co., June 15, 1821, and came to Onondaga Co. in 1849. He was a lawyer and farmer, and in 1861 bought eleven acres in the town of Manlius, where he made his home until April, 1893. He then went to live with his son and died FAMILY SKETCHES. 357 there April 14, 1894. His wife, Ann Bradley, a native of Ireland, is still living, aged 62. Of this union, thirteen children were born, of whom six are now living: Louise, widow of Austin Quinn, of Dewitt; Lucinda, wife of O. B. Paten, of Dewitt; Jesse F. ; Melvina, wife of James Scarritt, of Plymouth, Mass. ; Frank, a farmer and railroad man of this town ; and Vancy, wife of John Smith, a farmer and rail road man of Manlius. Jesse F. was educated in the common schools and as soon as old enough assisted his father on the farm until 14 years of age, when he as sisted on the railroad at the time the two last freight tracks were put in. He has since been from one employment to the other. He spent a year and one-half in Minnesota. In 1893 he took charge of a farm of 100 acres in the town of Manlius, now the property of Amos Mason, of Syracuse. Mr. Powell carries on a line of gen eral farming. In 1894 he married Katherine, daughter of Joseph Eaton, a farmer of this town. Pease, Harvey C. , Manlius, was born in New Lebanon, Mass., April 30, 1823, and came to New York State with his father when five years of age. John B., his father, settled in De Ruyter, Madison Co., in 1828, where he followed farming for about eight years, then removed to the town of Cicero, where he made his home for about two years. In 1839 he bought a farm of 100 acres in the town of Manlius. He died in Madison Co., Nov. 8, 1872. Abigail Hunt, his wife, died Jan. 11, 1853. Harvey was educated in the common schools, but as soon as old enough left school and engaged in farming. He bought 85 acres of land of his father, which he has added to until now he owns 110 acres of the best farm land in the northern part of the town. He has made many improvements on the place and now has one of the most desirable homes of this section. Mr. Pease was for three years road commis sioner in the town of Manlius, also trustee of the school for a great many years. July 11, 1847, Mr. Pease married Sarah W. Earl, by whom he had four children: George H., a farmer of Fayetteville; John W. , a farmer of Manlius; Jennie S., died March 31, 1875, aged 15 years; and Wheeler T., who conducts the farm. Mrs. Pease died Oct. 16, 1891. Kippley, Oliver, Manlius, was born in Rhodes, France, Dec. 17, 1830, and came to this country with his parents when two years old. Sebastian, his father, bought a small farm of 13 acres within two days after his arrival here, where he brought his family of seven children and spent the rest of his days. He could speak the Ger man and French languages and was a man honored and respected by all who knew him. Of his children, three are now dead: Mrs. Jacob Amos, of Syracuse; Sebas tian, died in Syracuse ; and George, killed at the battle of Chancellorsville. Sebas tian, the father, died June 26, 1854. His wife died in 1875. Oliver was educated in tha common schools. At the age of 16 he entered the employ of a railroad company and after one year as common laborer he was made a member of the construction gang. The next year he went to Syracuse and was employed in the yard for a year and a half, and was then sent out with a traveling crew, laying branches. In 1854 he left the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. and spent one year laying track on the Utica and Black River Railroad; returning in 1855, he for seven years had charge of the bridges, culverts and station. For 28 years Mr. Kippley has been in the em ploy of Peter Snyder, as general foreman and manager of his mechanical works. In Nov., 1854, he married Jane, daughter of John M. Snyder, who died 35 years 358 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL later. They had eight children : Mary J. , died when three years old ; Katie, died when three years old; Oliver, died in 1892, aged 30, at St. Paul, Minn., conductor on the Northern Pacific Railroad ; George W. , of East Syracuse, employed on the N. Y. C. R. R. ; Conrad, fireman of N. Y. C. R. R. , lives at home; Matilda, Maggie and Josephine, all living at home. Nolia, William, Manlius, was born near Bremen, Germany, Dec. 12, 1855. He came to this country with his parents when five months old. His opportunities for going to school were limited and his education has been obtained by close observa tion, practical experience and good reading. He remained on the homestead farm until 22 years of age, then took up railroading. He started at the lowest round of the ladder, but has by his faithfulness and perseverance become one of the most trusted employees of the N. Y. C. R. R. On account of ill health in 1889 he gave up his position and engaged in farming. He bought a farm of 40 acres on lot 36, which he now conducts. July 18, 1886, he married Clara, daughter of America Worden, by whom he has two children: Ida C, born July 24, 1887; and Ray A., born Feb. 26, 1893. A. L. Denton, of Cardiff, in the town of La Fayette, was born in Volney Center, Oswego Co., N. Y'., in 1850, was educated in the district schools and in the private or select school taught by W. B. Howard, now- State dairy commissioner, and in 1868 moved with his father, John Trumbull Denton, to Phoenix, N. Y. In 1873 he married Miss Emma, daughter of Ephraim Maxfield, of that village. He served apprenticeships at practical wood- working and the machinist's trades, and followed these vocations about eighteen years. In 1892 he went to Seneca Falls, N. YT. , and engaged in mercantile business, but in March, 1893, sold out to W. H. Jennings and removed to Syracuse, where he remained one year. On May 2, 1894, he purchased the hotel in Cardiff, where he has since resided. He has four children : Ephraim, born in 1874, now a steel finisher; Roy C, born in 1876, a salesman for H. B. Claflin, of New Y'ork city; and Ina, born in 1880, and Arthur, born in 1883, at school. His brother, Charles, two years younger, died in March, 1895, and a half-brother, died in 1861. He also has two sisters, Mrs. E. R. Fish and Mrs. Dora Munger, the latter a widow. John Trumbull Denton, father of A. L. , was born May 9, 1806, and was one of twelve children of Robert Denton (born May 14, 1775) and Betsey Robin son, his wife (born March 15, 1780), who were married March 9, 1799. Robert Den ton married for his second wife, Sept. 30, 1825, Ruth Johnson, by whom he had two sons. His father, James Denton, of Jamaica, L. I., was a tailor by trade, and in 1750 was living in Newburg, N. \'., whither he had removed from Kings Co. ; his A. L. Denton. FAMILY SKETCHES. 359 second wife, whom he married Feb. 3, 1759, was Margaret Barton, of Kings Co., N. Y. , who bore him three sons, Benjamin, Robert, and Daniel, and four daughters, Mary, Margaret, Betsey, and Martha. James Denton, sr. , great-grandfather of John T. Denton and father of the above James, was a yoeman and died in Jamaica, L. I., in 1757; by his wife Martha he had seven children: James, the eldest; Amos, born March 24, 1718; John, born May 21, 1728; William, who died in 1797; Thomas, who died in 1777; Martha, born in 1731, married Stephen Herriman, of Jamaica, and died Jan. 7, 1788; and Deborah, who married John Hastings. Nathaniel Denton, jr. of Jamaica, great-great-grandfather of John Trumbull Denton, married Elizabeth, daughter of Robert and Catherine Ashman, of Jamaica, and their children were Nathaniel, 3d, James, Timothy, Nehemiah, Robert, Deborah, Martha, and Catherine. Of these Nehemiah, a merchant in Jamaica and later in Newburg, N. Y'., had six children, while Timothy had an only daughter. The great-great-great-grandfather of John T. was Nathaniel Denton, sr , who was living in Hemstead, L. I., in March, 1656, when he sold a parcel pf land to F'rancis Weeks; afterward he moved with his brother, Daniel, to Jamaica, L. I., where they were instrumental in settling that town. Nathaniel sr. , sold his house lot in Hemstead to Richard Gilderslieve on the 26th day of March, 1658 style novo, he having purchased with others on Sept. 13, 1655, lands in Jamaica of the Indians, and the town of Jamaica granted him and others house lots lying on the south quarter of the township. The lots, comprising six acres, were " 18 foot ye pole, 12 pole in breadth and 80 in length." This was on Nov. 28, 1656. He was likewise allowed twenty acres of meadow. He was magistrate of Jamaica (Ruseldorf) in 1661 and 1673 was appointed schepens and town clerk by Amerul Benckers, Sept. 6, 1673, and received his commis sion as justice of Queen's Co. Dec. 13, 1689. By his wife, Sarah, he had children: Nathaniel, jr., previously mentioned; Samuel born in 1655; Richard, and Mary, who was baptized in the Dutch church in New Y'ork city, June 18, 1664; three of these married within seven years preceding the year 1688. He died before 1695, being survived by his wife. Rev. Richard Denton, great-great-great- great-grand father of John Trumbull Denton, was graduated, it is said, from Cambridge, Eng land, and was the fifth minister of Coloy Chapel, so named from Coloy Hall, near an ancient seat tenure, commonly called St. John of Jerusalem. He "was a godly minister, lived at Priestly Green, had no great matters, yet increased exceedingly in the world, had several children and continued at Coloy about seven years. But times were sharp, the bishops were at their height, and in his time came out the Book for Sports on the Sabbath Day, the Paths, etc. He saw he could not do what was re quired, and feared further persecution, and therefore took the opportunity of going into New England. Suppose about this time that Mathew Mitchell and other good men went thither out of these parts. In his time at Coloy the chapel was enlarged, the new ceiling built that goes to the north, the seats made uniform, the pulpit brought from Halifax, being an odd pulpit there, opposite to that which now stands in the church, for as this stands on south side so that removed stood north facing the south." In his diary dated Sept. 7, 1664, he says: "I am told this day by an ancient man that is 86 years old that all the ministers that have been at Coloy this 70 years and upwards came out of Lancashire. He reckoned them up: Mr. Nicols (who was the first preaching minister there was after one Sir Adams, a reader), Mr. Gibson Mr. Marsden, Mr. Hurst, Mr. Denton, Mr. Lathum, Mr. Cudworth, Mr. Clinton and 360 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. myself, who am the last and least of these famous predecessors into whose labors I have entered and have labored about 12 years in this part of the vineyard, but have been cast out of my work because of my unprofitableness now this two years and up wards. Oh, when will the Lord return! This is Sept. 7, 1664." Rev. Richard Den ton came to New England between 1630 and 1635, was among the first settlers of Wethersfield, Conn., and occasionally exercised his profession while there. In 1641 he removed with a part of the church to Rippowoms (now Stamford), where he was the first minister. A few years later he removed with some of the principal men of the plantation and founded the town of Hemstead, L. I. , where he continued in the ministry until his death. Rev. Dr. Mather, in his Magnolia, says of him: "First at Wethersfield and then at Stamford, his doctrine as the rain, his speech distilled as the dew, as the small rain upon the tender herbs, and as the showers upon the grass." Mr. Denton was the fourth Puritan minister, the second Presbyterian min ister in New York city and the first minister of the first Presbyterian church built in America, which was located in Hemstead. He sailed for Old England in 1658, lived a while in' Essex, and there died in 1662, aged 76 years. He had at least six sons, all born in England: John, born in 1618, lived in Harlem, N. Y., in 1643-44; Daniel, author of a history of New Netherlands, published in London in 1670, patentee of Elizabeth, N. J., town clerk of Hemstead in 1650, clerk of Queens Co. in 1698-99 and a noted man of his time; Robert of Salem, Mass. ; Richard of Dorchester, who died Dec 28, 1658 ; Samuel of Hemstead, who had ten children, and died in 1713, and Nathaniel, the great-great-great-great-grandfather of A. L. Denton of Cardiff, On ondaga Co. The late George Geddes, of Fairmount, was born in 1809 on the farm where he always resided, and where he died in 1883. His father, James Geddes, was born near Carlisle in Pennsylvania in 1763, and died on his farm at Fairmount in 1838. He was one of the engineers of the Erie Canal, and to his foresight and perseverance was largely due the success of that great work. In 1799 he married Lucy Jerome, a native of Stockbridge, Mass., who became the mother of the subject of this sketch. George Geddes was educated in the district schools of Camillus, at the Pompey and Onondaga Academies, and graduated at the Military School of Captain Partridge at Middletown, Mass. He read law with Kellogg and Sandford at Skaneateles, but with no intention of practicing that profession, preferring to follow his father as a civil engineer and surveyor. He was consulting engineer in the construction of the Syracuse and Oswego Railroad, was an original member of the State Survey Com mission, and prominently connected with many of the more important public en gineering enterprises of the State, He was during two terms a member of the Senate of New York, where he was the author of one of the most useful measures of his day, the General Railroad Law, and was also greatly instrumental in securing the passage of the Woman's Property Bill of 1848. He was superintendent of the Onondaga Salt Springs for seven years, was well known as a scientific agricultural writer, and twice took for his farm the first prize of the State Agricultural Society. He married twice: first, Maria, daughter of Dr. Porter of Skaneateles, and the mother of the late Hon. James Geddes, of Fairmount, and the late Mrs. Davis Cos sitt, of Onondaga. In 1875 he married Mary, daughter of William Chamberlain of Red Hook, N. Y. FAMILY SKETCHES. 361 Lewis, Ceylon, H., Syracuse. — For sketch of the Lewis family see Chapter XXXIX, Fabius. Renehan, James J., Marcellus, the pastor of the church of St. Francis Xavier, of Marcellus, assumed charge in 1879, succeeding his brother, Rev. M. P. Renehan, who died in charge of this church. The latter graduated from All Hallows College, Dub lin, Ireland, with highest honors, and went to Australia, remaining some years. He was vicar-general to Rt. Rev. Dr. James O'Quinn, of Brisbane, Queensland, Aus tralia, and from there came to America, finally locating in the diocese of Albany. Here he was assigned to the parishes of Marathon and Whitney's Point, building a fine church at each of these points, and leaving them nearly out of debt. He then came to Marcellus, where his death occurred Nov. 17, 1879, after a pastorate of four teen months, during which he paid off an indebtedness of $2,500. Rev. James J. Renehan came from St. Johns, Albany, to Marathon, where he received the appoint ment to Marcellus by Rt. Rev. Francis McNierny, bishop of Albany (Nov., 1879). During this period, in the face of dull times, he has liquidated a large indebtedness of his church, leaving it now virtually clear of encumbrance. Father Renehan is a rarely well-read man, while his library embraces a collection of books that could only be gathered by a mind possessing the highest scholastic attainments. Reese, James M. , Clay, was born May 25, 1824. In early life Mr. Reese was clerk in a general merchandise store in Rome, N. Y. From Rome he went to Utica and then to St. Louis, still following the same business up to 1846, when he went to Chicago and remained two years. He began clerking on a steamboat, and being effi cient in this line was promoted to captain, which position he held several years. After leaving the boat he went to California, where he remained twenty years, two years mining, and then run a merchandise business for many years, and also owned a ranch. He returned to North Syracuse in 1878, and has since followed farming. He married (first) Elizabeth Tusk of Michigan, and their children were: Ida May and Nellie Bell. He married (second) Elizabeth Young, by whom he had one child, Florence L. The oldest daughter is the wife of Charles Furgise of North Syracuse ; the second daughter is the wife of W. J. Stebbins, and the third is the wife of Dr. J. M. Price of Syracuse. Reed, Colton J., Clay, was born in Lewis Co., Jan. 26, 1831, a son of Joseph M. Reed of Vermont, who came to Lewis Co. in 1824. Later he moved to Oneida Co. and settled in Boonville, where he died, aged 79 years. His wife was Louise M. , daughter of John Seymour of West Hartford, Conn. , and they had several children, of whom our subject is the oldest now living. Colton J., spent his early life in attending school and assisting on the farm. He obtained a university education, graduating in 1860, then entered the law office of Sedgwick, Andrews & Kennedy, and was admitted to the bar in 1867. He practiced two years in Syracuse under the firm name of Kramer & Reed, but has been a farmer for fifteen years. For seven years he traveled on the road for a New York firm. Jan. 16, 1862, he married Martha J., daughter of Joseph Palmer of Centerville, an old and respected citizen of that place, and a prominent politician, having served as justice of the peace 24 years and postmaster several years. Mr. and Mrs. Reed have had two children : Anna Marsh Reed and Sallie Reed (deceased). Anna is a graduate in music and now employed in the New Pultney Normal School in Ulster Co. 362 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Rhodes, Almon E., Camillus, was born in Cayuga Co. in 1852, son of Leonard Rhodes, also a native, of that county. At the age of 21 Mr. Rhodes came to Fair- mount, locating at his present place on Genesee street. In 1887 he married Florence Austin. Mr. Rhodes has been interested in real estate transactions and agricultural implements. Roosevelt, Frederick, Skaneateles, was born in New York city, son of Judge James I. Roosevelt. Hon. James Roosevelt was a member of Congress from New York city, United States district attorney for the Southern District of New York, and also judge of the Supreme Court. He retired from the bench and lived some years in New York, dying there in 1875. Mr. Frederick Roosevelt built his present residence in Skaneateles in 1879. This residence is remarkable as commanding the finest view of the lake that can be obtained at any one spot. He resides here four months in the year and spends the balance in New York. He married Mary Loney of Balti more. Reed, Hollister S., Pompey, was born in Pompey, April 8, 1843, a son of William B. and Sarah A. (Cole) Reed of La Fayette, the former born in 1809 and the latter in 1810. The grandfather, Jacob Reed, came to La Fayette in an early day, and there died. William B. died in Pompey, June 3, 1859, and his wife on Dec. 19, 1893. He was a captain in the State militia. Hollis was educated at Manlius Academy, is a farmer, and owns 100 acres of land in Pompey. In 1866 he married Julia A. Wheeler, who was born in Manlius Oct. 20, 1845. She is a daughter of Horace and Ellen E. (Eldridge) Wheeler, both of Pompey. The father of Horace was Benjamin Wheeler, one of the early settlers of Pompey. Mr. and Mrs. Reed have one son, William H., born Aug. 25, 1870, and is now on the farm at home. Rowland, W. Scott, La Fayette, was born in La Fayette, Oct. 29, 1864, only child of Joseph T. and Albina T. (Newell) Rowland, the father a native of La Fayette, born in 1833, and the mother born in this county in 1841. The grandfather was Isaac, mentioned elsewhere in this work. Joseph T. spent his life in this town, with the exception of four years in California'and the west. He has also traveled in Brit ish Columbia, and was a passenger in the "Seabird," the first steamboat on Frazer River, where he was engaged in mining. He started his financial success in that way, then came to La Fayette, and then went to Pike's Peak. Returning to La Fayette he bought 100 acres, where our subject now lives, and where he lived until 1890, when he went to Syracuse, and now lives retired. He has taken an active part in local politics, having served as assessor, poormaster, etc. The maternal grand father of W. Scott was Justus Newell, one of the early settlers of Otisco, who spent his last years in Syracuse. He owned about 200 acres where Brighton now stands, and built the street car line from Brighton to Onondaga Valley. He was also the largest stockholder on the South Salina street car line. He died in Syracuse, Oct. 4, 1885. Scott Rowland was reared on the farm, educated in the common school and Onondaga Valley Academy, with a course at Meads's Business College. He is a member of Tully Grange, No. 646. He married Nellie Walker, a native of Cedar- vale, town of Onondaga, and a daughter of Andrew and Mahala (Hull) Walker. Mr. and Mrs. Rowland have had four children: Judd, born April 18, 1889; Leon, born April 20, 1890; Montgomery V., born Dee. 24, 1892, and Harvev B. FAMILY SKETCHES. 363 Tuffley, Henry, Otisco, a native of Gloucestershire, England, was born March 11, 1833, a son of Peter and Jane (Cadwallader) Tuffley, both natives of England, the mother being of Welsh descent. Mr. Tuffley was a woodsman of England, where he died. Henry T. came to America in 1854 and settled in Otisco, where he has always resided. He has followed farming and dealing in cattle, In England in 1851 he married Ann, daughter of James and Charity Skinner, the former a gar dener. Mr. and Mrs. Tuffley have had eight children, five surviving: Henry J., of Tully, who married Delia French, daughter of Ashbel French ; Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Lanning of Otisco; Edward S., of this town ; Hattie, wife of William C. Bailey, a Methodist minister in Cayuga Co., and Man-, wife of Dix Hobert of Preble. Mrs. Tuffley died in 1889. Our subject has held several town offices, hav ing served as road commissioner five years, supervisor, etc. He is also a Mason. Taber, Warren, a farmer of East Onondaga, and a builder for thirty-five years, was born in Cazenovia in 1817, and settled in this county in 1865. He is a son of David and Abigail (Simmons) Taber, both natives of Rhode Island, who came to Madison Co. about 1810. Their children were Darius, Warren, David and George, Mary. Alma and Abbie. Warren married Maria L. Barrett, and they have one son, George, who married Amelia Conklin, and has two children, Laura M. and Florence I. The grandfather of our subject was Philip Taber of Rhode Island, who came to Cazenovia, where he remained until his death. Maria L. (Barrett) Taber was a daughter of Joseph Barrett of Cazenovia. Captain Benjamin Simmons, grandfather of our subject, was a soldier in the Revolution. Turner, Uriah, Onondaga, was born in Y'an Buren, and settled in this town in 1887. Aug. 4, 1862, he enlisted in Co. A, 122d N. Y'. Y'ols., and was wounded at the battle of the Wilderness May 6, 1864, again at the battle of Winchester Sept. 19, 1864, and a third time at the battle of Fisher's Hill in Sept., 1864, Uriah, father of our subject, is a native of Y'ermont, and came to New Y'ork State when a boy. He married and had these children: Uriah, jr., Samuel, Albert (who died of camp fever acquired while in the army April 9, 1864), Marinda and Elias. Uriah, jr., married Anna Starr. Terpenning, Edward A., Manlius, was born at Manlius Station, Dec. 22, 1839. Peter I., his father, was a native of Herkimer Co. and came to this county in 1834. He was a carpenter and builder by trade, and was one of the builders of bridges, stations, etc., when the railroad was first built, and at its completion was made sta tion agent at Manlius Station, which position he held until 1857, making eighteen years in the company's employ. He then removed to a farm of 196 acres, about half a mile north of North Manlius, where he made his home up to the time of his death, which occurred Aug. 8, 1886. His wife was Betsey, daughter of Abram Shoe maker. She died Feb. 22, 1844, aged 29 years. Four children were born of this union, of whom Edward A. alone survives. He was educated in the common schools, then assisted his father in various employments until he was 30 years of age. He then engaged with his uncle, Conrad Shoemaker, on his farm, and with exception of from 1874 to 1880, when in partnership with his brother, he conducted his father's farm. Mr. Terpenning has a fine residence opposite the farm, which he erected in 1880. In 1862 he married Eliza, daughter of Jacob Taffner, sr., by whom he had 364 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. three children : Agnes, died in 1865, aged two years ; Dolly wife of John R. Spencer, meat cutter of the Chicago Market, Syracuse, and. Margaret May, who lives at home. Temple, Henry T., Manlius, was born in the town of Dewitt, Feb. 14, 1850. Orson Temple, his father, was born in Dewitt in 1816, and the family were among the earliest settlers in the county. He always followed farming in his native county, where he died Feb. 9, 1870. His wife, Esther Wands, was a native of Albany Co., whose parents came to this county in the early part of the century. They had eight children, of whom Henry was the second son. He was given a good common school education, then engaged in farming on his father's farm. At the age of 17 he started in for himself by working on other farms for three years. He then engaged in house painting for two years. After spending one year on the farm again he became pro prietor of a thrashing machine for a number of years. In 1880 he bought a farm of 42 acres in Dewitt, which he owned for six years, then sold and bought a grocery at Collamer in partnership with James E. Stewart. This firm existed for two years, then Mr. Temple sold his share and exchanged his village residence for a farm of 52 acres in the town of Manlius, where he' now conducts a general line of farming. Dec. 12, 1876, Mr. Temple married Carrie E., daughter of Philip King of Dewitt, by whom he has seven children : Orson D. , Alfred K. , Merwin, Nettie, Elsie, Lena and Robert. Mr. Temple has been the trustee of school district No. 15 for two years. Tillotson, James W., Manlius, was born in the town of Pompey, Onondaga Co., Nov. 26, 1843. Dudley, his father, was a native of Connecticut, and came to this county when a young man, about 1810. He was a farmer, and lived in Pompey but a short time, then moved to Otselic, Chenango Co., where he died in 1853. His wife, Charlotte Keith, was also a native of Connecticut, and was only twelve years of age when she came to this section in 1815. She died in Feb., 1891. Two children were born of this union : Walter C. of Cazenovia, and James W. The latter was educated in the common schools, Manlius Academy and the Ames Business College of Syra cuse. He then followed farming in Madison Co. until 25 years of age, at which time he moved to Fayetteville and established a meat market, which after five years merged into a general store. The present commodious store was erected in 1888, and it is one of the finest in the town. Mr. Tillotson has served on the Board of Education, also on the Village Board. He is a member of Limestone Creek Lodge, No. 145 I. O. O. F. March 21, 1866, he married H. Adell, daughter of Hiram Hop kins of Manlius. They have one daughter, Jessie H. Tillotson. Richman, Franklin W., Manlius, was born in Manlius, March 23, 1834. Jacob Richman, his father, was born in Camden, N. J. , Jan. 3, 1792. He learned the tailor's trade while a young man in Philadelphia, leaving that city in 1813 and com ing to Manlius previous to 1820. He met a Mr. Peck in Albany, a merchant tailor of Manlius, who induced him to come to Manlius and enter his employ. March 26, 1820, he married Esther Clark of Manlius. Jacob Richman was an officer of the State militia and Franklin W. holds his commission of brigadier-general, dated July 5, 1833, and afterwards commissioned major-general. He also served as deputy sheriff. He conducted a tailor shop at Manlius until 1834, when he bought a farm at Dry Hill, where he lived until 1838. He then returned to Manlius for two years, and also spent one year in Pompey. In 1841 he bought a farm of 55 acres near Manlius Center, where he died July 6, 1842. He was the father of eleven children, seven of FAMILY SKETCHES. 365 whom are now living : Thomas I., retired farmer of Palmyra; Charles L. ,- a farmer of Manlius; Jacob, retired, of Chicago; Henry C, in the real estate business in Chi cago; Esther, who lives with Franklin; Nathaniel P., a live stock commission mer chant, of Chicago, and Franklin W. The latter was educated in the common schools of his native town. He then took up farming, and has always resided on the home stead. Mr. Franklin W. Richman joined the Masonic lodge in 1864, and served as junior deacon of the Fayetteville lodge for two years. In 1882 he was elected town assessor and in 1886 was re-elected. In 1888 he was elected justice of the peace, and in 1889 re-elected for a full term of four years. In 1894 Mr. Richman was again elected town assessor. Ransier, James M., Manlius, was born in the town of Manlius, Dec. 26, 1820. The first to come to Manlius was George Ransier, grandfather of James M. He was born in New York city, Dec. 21, 1756, and was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, serving as acting quartermaster. After the war he settled at Frey's Bush, Herkimer Co., Where George Ransier, father of James M., was born. They made their home here until 1804, when they removed to Onondaga Co. In 1802 George, sr., bought a farm of 80 acres, and during the two years he erected the house where James M. was born, George Ransier, jr., followed the father in possession of this farm, where he made his home during the balance of his life, dying in 1873, aged 88 years. His wife, Catherine Bender, was a native of Madison Co. She died Sept. 15, 1886, aged 90 years. Nine children were born of this union, five of whom are now living. James M. was educated in the common schools of the day until a little over 17 years old. He made his home on the old farm until 26 years of age. He then started in for himself by renting two years, but in 1848 he bought a small place of two acres. In 1852 he bought a farm of 45 acres, which is now owned by John Wilcox, where he made his home until 1862. -In that year Mr. Ransier moved to Manlius, but 1863 he passed in traveling through many States of the Union. He spent some time in Herki mer Co. in 1864, and was engaged in carpenter and cabinet work at various times until 1869. That year he bought a stock of furniture and undertaking goods, which business he conducted for 18 years, but in 1887 he retired from active business. Mr. Ransier has been a member of the Masonic lodge since 1864. Jan. 1, 1846, he mar ried Mary C. , daughter of William Stilwell, a farmer, who died in April, 1863, leav ing two sons: Julius M., an undertaker of Ottumwa, Iowa, and J. Elmer, a painter of the same town. Feb. 19, 1869, Mr. Ransier married Albina L. , daughter of Almon Fox of Fabius. The war record of this family is as follows: Grandfather in the Revolutionary war, father in the war of 1812, two brothers, brother-in-law and a son, Julius M., in the Rebellion. The old homestead is now occupied by the fifth gener ation. Upson, Linus P., Baldwinsville, was born in Lysander, April 6, 1846, son of B. C. Upson, a native of Connecticut. The family are of English descent, and came to the United States in 1750. B. C. Upson came to Onondaga Co. in 1814 with his father, Miles, who purchased a tract of land in Lysander. B. C. Upson married Amanda, daughter of Joseph Paul, and they had seven children, two of whom are now living. Mr. Upson was a farmer and dealer in live stock. Linus P. was educated in the common schools and finished at the Munro Collegiate Institute of Elbridge, after which he returned to his father's farm. He married Nancy J., daughter of James 366 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Pickard of Pennsylvania, and they have three childrtn : B. C. Upson, Jennie and Lucy. Mr. Upson is one of the representative farmers of the town, making a spe cialty of tobacco. He is a man of sterling character, and he takes an intelligent inter est in school and religious work. Tator, James M., Baldwinsville, was born in Lysander, Dec. 16, 1824, son of Fred I., who came from Dutchess Co. in 1815. Fred I. married Polly, daughter of John Geary, by whom he had eight children. He was a prominent farmer up to the time of his death in 1838, at the age of fifty years. James M. was educated in the com mon schools. He married Jane A., daughter of Alfred Wilson, and they have one daughter: Mrs. Erwin Schuck. In 1846 he purchased a farm of 230 acres, raising large amounts of hay, grain, and tobacco. He is one of the representative farmers of the town. Van Bergen, A. H., Tully, was born in Tully, June 4, 1839, one of six children of Henry and Charlotte Van Bergen, natives of Greene Co., who came to Tully in 1823, where they died in 1856 and 1883 respectively. Our subject was reared on a farm and educated in the Fort Plain Seminary. He has followed farming and is the owner of 55 acres of fine land. In 1872 he married Isabelle Van Hoesen of Preble, by whom he has one son, Harold M., who was admitted to the bar Sept. 13, 1894, and practices his profession in Syracuse in the office of Wandell & McGee. The mother of our subject was Charlotte McCarty, whose brother, Francis McCarty, held the first Sunday school in Tully. Virgil, William, Fabius, was born in Fabius, Oct. 9, 1865, a son of Stephen and Ann (Palmer) Virgil, he a native of Fabius, and she of Pompey. The grandfather, James, spent his life in Fabius, and the maternal grandfather, Noah Palmer, was one of the earliest settlers of Pompey, where he died. Stephen Virgil died Sept. 22, 1891, and his wife died in 1874. Our subject was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools, and has chosen farming for a vocation, now owning a fine place of 30 acres, and having a quarter interest in the 70 acres of homestead farm, which he works. Thomas, Edgar, was born in Pompey June 25, 1834, a son of Elam and Nancy (Avery) Thomas, he a native of Pompey born in 1801, and she born in 1809. The grandfather, Daniel Thomas, was a native of Vermont and was one of the first set tlers of Pompey, where he died about 1844. He married Phoebe Peck, also of Ver mont, who died in Pompey about the time of her husband. Elam Thomas died in Orleans Co. in 1882 and his wife in 1880. Edgar Thomas followed farming until the age of 29 years, also taught school about eleven terms. He engaged in mercantile business in Warner's Station in 1863, and remained ten years. He then removed to Jordan where he engaged in the same business for four years, then removed to Syra cuse, and later to Fabius, soon after taking up the mercantile business again, which he has since continued successfully. He was justice of the peace at Warner's Station three years. He is a member of Allen Post No. 54, G. A. R. In 1863 he married Louisa C. White of Camillus, and they had three children: Clarence E., a jeweler by- trade, who assists his father in the store; William H., of Syracuse, secretary of the Straight Line Engine Company; and Arthur W., a student of the Syracuse Medical College, class of '95. Mrs. Thomas died in 1878, and he married second in 1879 FAMILY SKETCHES. 367 Helen White, a sister of his first wife. In 1864 he enlisted in Co. F, 15th N.Y. Engi neers, serving till the close of the war. Van Alstine, Duane, Van Buren, was born in the town of Camillus, Sept. 29, 1848. Chauncey Van Alstine, his father, was a native of the same town and resides on the homestead which was taken up by Jacob Van Alstine, who came from the Mohawk Valley in 1800. Duane was educated in the common schools and finished at the academy at Jordan. In 1878 he married Carrie, daughter of Alvin French, of Brighton, Monroe Co., N.Y., and they have one daughter, Ella M. Mr. Van Alstine was appointed postmaster at Warners in 1883, and elected justice of the peace in 1889. He is now engaged in the lumber, coal, and insurance business Talmage, Lewis, Van Buren, was born in Y'an Buren, Sept. 16, 1823. Enos, his father, was a native of Saratoga Co. and came to Onondaga Co. in 1815 and pur chased a farm. He soon became a leading man of the town. He married Polly Barber, by whom he had nine children, three of whom are now living: Lewis, Har riet, and Mrs. Naomi Freeman. He died Dec. 16, 1863, aged 83 years. Lewis Tal mage was educated in the common schools. In 1850 he married Emily K., daughter of Cyrus H. Kingsley. In 1849 he bought part of his father's estate and has since bought adjoining property, and is one of the leading farmers of the town. Young, Dr. J. R. , Salina, was born in Phoenix, Oswego Co., in 1841, son of Fred erick and Sarah (Hawthorne) Young, natives of Germany and Scotland, who were married in Utica and in 1831 located near Phoenix. In 1866 they moved to Iowa, where the father died in 1875, aged 77, and the mother in 1879, aged 75. Dr. Young was attending Falley Seminary when the war began, and on April 17, 1861, he en listed in Co. H, 24th N. Y. Vols. He was severely wounded in the second battle of Bull Run, and was discharged June 28, 1863. He was in the drug trade in Iowa for several years, then graduated from the Hahnemann Medical College and also the Hahnemann Medical Institute. He came to Liverpool in 1873. In 1864 he married Sophia E. Umbeck, of Phoenix. Their children are Dr. D. F. Young, of Phoenix, and Frank E. , an attorney at Liverpool. Zinsmaster, Christian, yard dispatcher in East Syracuse, was born in Germany in 1849. He came to America in 1866, locating at Syracuse. He was in the shoe trade a few years, and has been continuously in the employ of the N. Y. C. R. R. Co. since 1877. He owns 35 acres of well improved land, where he lives. In 1875 he married Louise Thomas, a native of Germany, by whom he has three children. Rice, Smith, Dewitt, was born in Washington Co. in 1847, son of James and Har riet (Smith) Rice, natives of the same county. When Smith was five years old the parents moved to Oswego Co., where the father died in 1876; the mother resides in Monroe Co. Mr. Rice was educated in Falley Seminary, and came to East Syracuse in 1876. He at first engaged in the grocery trade for about five years, and then in the livery business about the same length of time. He was justice of the peace twelve years, supervisor and superintendent of the poor. In 1873 he married Addie Moore, of Fulton, by whom he has one child, Roy. Rockefeller, Abram, Dewitt, was born in Columbia Co. in 1833, son of David and Jane (Kells) Rockefeller, of the same county. The parents moved to Cortland Co. 368 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. about 1840 and to Onondaga Co. about 1867. The father died in 1890, aged 82, and the mother in 1894, aged 83. Mr. Rockefeller moved to Onondaga Valley in 1865, and one year later to his present farm of 36 acres, adjoining Syracuse. In 1857 he married Sophia Wilcox, a native of Cortland Co. Rice, J. J., Dewitt, dealer in dry goods and notions, gent's furnishing goods, boots and shoes, etc., was born in Oswego Co. in 1863, son of O. A. Rice, a resident of Albion, Oswego Co. In 1884 he came to East Syracuse and was with Mr. Burnham eight years, and in Dec, 1892, established his present business. In 1890 he married Lulu Fargo, a native of Fayetteville. House Rufus, Manlius, was born in the town of Cicero, Onondaga Co., Oct. 29, 1831. Rufus House, his father, son of a Revolution ary soldier, was born in Hartford, Conn., Feb. 14, 1792, and at the age of nine teen started for what was then the far West. He came in company with Silas Bell and Seabury Brown, walk ing all the way from Con necticut. They remained to gether the first winter ; then Brown went to Fabius, Bell to the town of Manlius, and Rufus House to Cicero, where he took up 100 acres of land and built a log hut roofed with bark. Mr. House cleared and cultivated this land and remained on it for forty-seven years. He then bought a farm of thirty- seven acres in the town of Manlius, where he spent the remainder of his life. He died March 3, 1869. His wife, whose maiden name was Almira Fox, a native of Connecticut, died Oct. 19, 1872. Ten children were born of this union, four of whom are now living. Rufus House, jr., the fourth son, was crippled in his left arm and never had other advantages of education than in the hard school of experience. He is emphatically a self-made man. He engaged in farming in early life and now has a farm of 135 acres, and has never paid only 814 interest during his entire career. He erected new outbuildings in 1874 and in 1878 built a beautiful modern house. For the last twenty-eight years he has conducted, in connection with his farm, an insur ance agency for T. C. Clough, of Syracuse, and has been very successful in the busi- Rufus House. FAMILY SKETCHES. 369 ness. Mr. House has held the office of trustee of the district school. Dec. 1, 1853, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Allan Hoag, of Manlius, by whom he had twelve children, six of whom are now living: De Witt, an engineer on the Coast Line Rail road in South Carolina; Charles, a farmer of this town ; Myra, wife of George Tomp kins, a farmer of Cicero; and William D. and George W., both living on the old homestead. Rogers, Charles R., Cicero, was born in the town of Clay, Oct. 6, 1848, youngest of six sons of Zenas and Almira Rogers, who came from Saratoga Co. to Clay among the early settlers to the place known as the Rogers Settlement, where they cleared and settled on a farm. There were also two daughters in the family. Charles R. entered the district schools of Clay, and later he entered the academy at Onondaga Valley. After this he taught school for a while, then entered the employ of R. W. & O. R. R. Co. as s a jeweler. Arthur was born there Sept. 11, 1849, was graduated from the Onondaga Academy under William P. Goodelle in 1866, and studied law in Syracuse in the offices of Gott & Garfield, and Gott, Garfield & Hoyt, being admitted here in 1873. He has always practiced alone. He is an active member of and has held all the offices in Syracuse lodges I. O. O. F. and K. P. Benedict, Albert T., Syracuse, is a son of Dr. A. B. Benedict, was born in Litch field Co., Conn., Aug. 4, 1865, and came with his parents to Syracuse in 1875. He attended the Hopkins Grammar School at New Haven, Conn., began the study of law when sixteen with Forbes, Brown & Tracy, in Syracuse, and was admitted in Sept., 1886. For one year, in 1886-87, he practiced his profession in New York city and from 1887 to 1890 was a member of the firm of Smith, Kellogg, Wells & Benedict FAMILY SKETCHES. 385 in Syracuse ; from then until 1894 the firm was Benedict & Thomson ; in Oct. , 1894, the present partnership of Rider & Benedict (Arthur B. Bider) was formed. In Oct. , 1888, Mr. Benedict was married to Madge B. Scott of Syracuse. Alvord, Isaac R., Syracuse, was born in the First ward of Syracuse, Sept. 1, 1850, His father, Lewis B. Alvord, a native of Oswego Co. , came to Salina with his father, Asel, and still lives here. He married Hannah Randall, who died in April, 1880, and their children were Agnes R. (Mrs. Merritt M. Bronson), Harriet M. (Mrs. Lewis S. Edgar, deceased), Mary L. (widow of H. D. Haynes), Isaac R. , and Flora M. (Mrs. M. R. Grannis), all of Syracuse. Isaac R. Alvord received his education in the Seymour School of this city, and at the age of fourteen began business as a cartman, in which he has always continued. He is probably the best known cartman in Syra cuse. He was a charter member of Ossahinta Lodge No. 153, A.O.U. W., has passed through nearly all the chairs in that order, and is now (1895) district deputy of Onon daga Co. He is also a member of the Royal Arcanum, the Anglers' Association, and Union Lodge No. 8, Degree of Honor, A.O.U. W. July 22, 1874, he married Nora I., daughter of George S. Alvord of Oswego, and they have had five children: Jessie May (Mrs. C. M. Ide), George S., Nora I., Mabel H., and Edward M. Ayling, William J., M.D., Syracuse, son of Frederick Ayling, a native of England and now a wall paper dealer in Syracuse, was born in this city July 30, 1858, and was graduated from the High School in 1879. He pursued his professional studies in the Medical Department of Syracuse University, from which he was graduated as an M. D. in 1882. He then took a post-graduate course in St. Thomas's Hospital, in London, England, for one and one-half years, and returning to Syracuse has prac ticed here since. He is a member of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine and of the Onondaga County Medical Society, and for three years was secretary of the old Syracuse Medical Association. He was also connected with the Syracuse Free Dis pensary for a time, and is grand warden of Home Circle and representative to the Grand Lodge from Onondaga Council No. 61, Royal Arcanum. Dr. Ayling was married in 1884 to Carrie M., daughter of James Weller of Cicero, and has three children: Nellie L., James S., and William E. Adams, Udelmer C. , Syracuse, is a native of Cardiff, this county, born June 8, 1850. His father, Charles Adams, born in Washington Co., came to Cardiff with his father, Simeon, at a very early day, and died in Syracuse in 1875. Udelmer C. was educated at Onondaga Academy, and in 1868 apprenticed himself to the fur business with his uncle, C. N. Adams, in the Empire block, where he remained about four and one-half years. He then became a clerk for W. I. Seward, until the latter's death, when, in 1871, he entered the employ of George Stevens. In 1873 the latter's health failed and his brother, David Stevens, came on from New York to close up the business. A favorable opening was thus afforded these two enterprising men and a few months later they formed a partnership under the firm name of Stevens & Adams, which continued successfully until Nov., 1893, when the senior member died. In Feb. , 1894, Mr. Adams became sole owner. This was one of the most popular firms in Central New York. From a business originally founded by Hodge & Stevens (George Stevens) in 1844, on the site of the present store of Mr. Adams and to which George Stevens succeeded as proprietor in 1868, it developed info a trade 386 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. which reached out in all directions from Syracuse. Mr. Hodge was a practical man, and the firm of Hodge & Stevens was the first in Central New York to establish the manufacture of furs. Commencing in a small way they became one of the largest concerns of the kind in the country. They also manufactured hats and caps, a business long since consigned to special factories. Mr. Adams has enlarged the business from a retail to a combined wholesale and retail trade, keeping nearly seventy-five hands employed in all departments. In political and social affairs he has been quite active. He was elected alderman of the Eighteenth ward in Feb , 1894, was president of the Citizens' Saving and Loan Association, is vice-president of the Atlantic Savings and Loan Association, and has filled all the chairs in the I. O. O. F. Andrews Brothers, Syracuse. — This well known firm is composed of James M. and Harlow B. Andrews, natives of Fabius, Onondaga Co., and sons of James F. , an early settler of that town. The business was started by the two brothers in Syracuse in a small way in 1875, and from one store they gradually added others until now they have five large establishments in various parts of the city, making them the most extensive dealers in groceries and general family supplies in Central New York. Every article used on the table is handled, as are also all accessories of epicurean consumption. Allen, Elbert F., Syracuse, treasurer of the city of Syracuse, was born in Delphi, this county, Jan. 11, 1850. His father, Elisha M., son of Capt. Daniel Allen, was born in that town and died in Syracuse about 1872. Captain Daniel was a very early settler of Pompey. Elbert F. - Allen after completing his education in the public schools of Syracuse, became a clerk and bookkeeper for Kenyon, Potter & Co. , with whom he remained until 1876, when he accepted the position of bookkeeper and cashier for the Syracuse Iron Works, which he held about nine years. He kept a hotel in Mexico, N. Y., one year, when he resumed bookkeeping, and after a few months in the pension office accepted a position in the wholesale fruit house of Roscoe Brothers. He was deputy under city treasurers B W. Roscoe and P. R. Quinlan, and in Feb., 1895, was appointed treasurer of the city. He was also secre tary of the old Kirkwood and the present Kirk Driving Parks for several years. He married in 1882 Lillian F. , daughter of Sherman H. Corbin, and has three children: Helen Louise. Roscoe C, and Marguerite. Mr. Corbin was for more than fifty years a general merchant in Fabius, where he died in 1891, aged 69. He was an active citizen and prominent in the Baptist church of that village, being long its clerk and deacon. Brown, Philip G., Syracuse, was born Feb. 7, 1860, in Geddes, whither his father, John, came from Ireland in March, 1852. Educated in the public schools of his native village, he spent two years in St. Hyacinth's College in Canada, clerked for a time in a grocery store, and finished his schooling in St. Joseph's College in Buffalo. He then became a clerk in a shoe store until May, 1891, when he formed a partner ship with John J. Keeffe as Brown & Keeffe and established his present retail shoe business in Syracuse. Democratic in politics, and active in political campaigns, he was tax collector of the town of Geddes two years, and served as supervisor of the Ninth ward in 1888 and 1890 and as alderman in 1891 and 1892 He was inspector of FAMILY SKETCHES. 387 the Onondaga County Penitentiary in 1891, 1892, and 1893, and has several times been a member of and delegate to city and county conventions. Bibbens, Stewart S., M. D., Syracuse, is a son of E. W. Bibbens, a native of Weedsport, N. Y., and was born in Spafford, Onondaga Co., Oct. 2, 1865. The father settled in Spafford several years ago, but subsequently returned to Weeds- port, whence he came to Syracuse about 1887, where he still resides. Dr. Bibbins was graduated from the Weedsport Academy in 1884 and from the medical depart ment of Syracuse University in 1893, after which he took a post-graduate course in New York city, where he was appointed to a position on the staff of the Woman's and Children's Hospital in the spring of 1894. In the fall of that year he began the practice of his profession in Syracuse. In 1886 he married Miss Belle A. , daughter of John Le Fevre of Throop, N. Y. , by whom he has one child, Florence A. Berry, John J., Syracuse, son of Joseph W., a carpenter and builder, was born in Clinton, N. J., Jan. 21, 1848. While a youth he learned the trade of painter, and on Aug. 28, 1864, he enlisted in Co. H, 9th N. J. Vols., serving until his discharge in July, 1865. He participated in Sherman's memorable march to the sea, being pres ent at the fall of Newburn, Goldsboro, and Raleigh, N. C, and returning home at the close of the war engaged in the fish business. In 1877 he came to Syracuse and accepted the active management of J. W. Bustin's fish market, which he continued for four and a half years, when he held a similar position with James Golding & Co. In 1883 he formed a partnership with Mr. Bustin and for one year conducted a whole sale fish commission business. In 1884 he associated himself with his brother, Moses F., and established his present fish market in Mulberry street, succeeding to the ownership in the spring of 1888. In Aug., 1875, he was married to Lizzie G. Smith, of Oswego, N. Y. They have three children: Mary Emily, Ollie, and Warren W. Burdick, Daniel Webster, M. D., Syracuse, son of Dr. Phineas H. Burdick, an early and long time physician in Cortland Co., who died there in 1870, was born in Preble, N. Y., Aug. 12, 1837, and was educated in the common schools and in the Homer Academy. He taught school for six years, was graduated from the Geneva Medical College in 1862, and began the practice of his profession in Preble with his father, whom he succeeded. In 1880 he removed to Homer and practiced there until Jan., 1893, when he came to Syracuse, where he has since resided. Dr. Burdick is a permanent member of the State Medical Society, and is also an active member of the Cortland and Onondaga County Medical Societies, the former of which he has served as president, etc. He was made a Knight Templar in Syracuse by Orrin Welch and is well known in the Masonic fraternity. His family are members of the Congrega tional church of Homer, with which he has been prominently identified in official' capacities. In 1859 he married Elizabeth M. Dunbar, of Preble, and the result of this union is three children: Dr. Franklin M., a physician and druggist, of Colorado Springs, Col. ; Mrs. E. P. Burns, Syracuse ; and Bruce, at home. Buell, Howard B., Syracuse, was born in Fairfield, Herkimer Co., April 7, 1857. The family lineage is as follows: (1) William Buell, of Chesterton, Huntingdonshire, England, born in 1810, came to Dorchester, Mass., in 1630, moved to Windsor, Conn., in 1635; (2) Samuel Buell, eldest son of William, born in 1641, of Windsor and Kill- ingworth (now Clinton), Conn. ; (3) Major David Buell, eighth child of Samuel, born 383 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. in Killingworth in 1679, served in the Indian wars ; (4) Jedediah Buell, second child of Major David, born in Killingworth in 1704 ; (5) Jonathan Buell, fourth child of Jedediah, born in Killingworth in 1745, moved to Fairfield, N. Y., in 1797; (6) George Buell, third child of Jonathan, born in Killingworth in 1781, moved with his parents to Fairfield in 1794 and died in 1871 ; (7) Truman Bailey Buell, eldest child of George, born in Fairfield in 1812; (8) Howard Bradley Buell, fifth child of Truman B., born as above; and (9) Elmer Kinne Buell, eldest child of Howard B., born in Syracuse. Truman Bailey Buell, a builder by occupation, removed to Manlius, Onondaga Co., in 1835, and kept a general store about two years, when he returned to Fairfield, where he died in 1889. Nov. 6, 1836, he married Eliza V. (born in 1818), youngest child of John Boss, a pioneer of Herkimer Co. She died in Aug. , 1892. Their chil dren were Mrs. Simon C. Wilson, of Fairfield ; Mrs. J. T. Davis, of Newport, N. Y. ; Charles P., of Frankfort, N. Y. ; Henry A., of Maywood, 111.; and Howard B., of Syracuse. Howard Bradley Buell was graduated from the Fairfield Academy in 1877, and immediately after came to Manlius, where he was engaged for a short time in the jewelry business. From that time until 1882 he was employed by Hessler Brothers and by Hale & Baker, general merchants. He then came to Syracuse and accepted a position as credit man for D. McCarthy & Sons, wholesale dry goods dealers, and subsequently was made financial and general manager of their entire business, a post he has creditably filled ever since. For three years he was a mem ber of the 51st Regiment N. G. S. N. Y. and when it was disbanded he was a ser geant in Co. F. Sept. 11, 1879, he married Hattie A., daughter of Benjamin F. and granddaughter of Hiram Hopkins, an early settler of Manlius and a member of the firm of Buell & Hopkins, wagonmakers. Their children are Elmer Kinne, born April 27, 1884; Frank Truman, born Aug. 6, 1887; Sarah Louise, born Aug. 23, 1888; Jessie Marie, died May -5, 1892, aged nearly two years ; and Clarence Howard, born May 7, 1893. Ball, George A., Syracuse, was born in Clay, Onondaga Co., July 19, 1855. His father, Arza Ball, a native of Deerfield, N. Y. , came first to Clay, moved thence to Liverpool, and later to Syracuse, and finally in 1888 to Colorado, where he now re sides. He had four children: Lucy A., and George of Syracuse, and Emma J., now Mrs. Frank Gering, and Jesse C, of Colorado, the latter being a prominent lawyer in Denver. George A. Ball was educated in the Liverpool Union School, and for seven years was a grocery clerk in that village. Coming to Syracuse he finally be came a clerk for Andrews Brothers, then held a similar position with Judson Mc Kinley, coal dealer, and for the past thirteen years has been the manager of the coal office and yards of Martin Devoy. A Democrat in politics he was elected alderman of the Ninth ward in 1893 and by virtue of the amended constitution still holds that office. He is a member of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A. M. Brand, Frederick, Syracuse, is a native of Bavaria, Germany, as is also his wife, and was born March, 1826. Educated in the common schools of his fatherland he learned the trade of butcher, and during the Revolution in 1848 and 1849 served as a soldier in the Bavarian army. In 1849 he came to America and settled in Syracuse, where he has since made his home. He was engaged in business as a butcher about twenty years and as a retail liquor dealer ten years. In 1880 he retired, and has since devoted his time to the care and maintenance of his real estate and other prop- FAMILY SKETCHES. 389 erty. He has been treasurer of St. Joseph's German Catholic church for eight years, secretary one year, and is now one of its trustees. In politics he is a Republican, but not an active partisan. July 8, 1851, he married Mary A. Kreps. He has one nephew, Herman Brand, and two nieces, Mrs. Elizabeth Herbrecht and Mrs. Lavina Spott, who are residents of Syracuse. Ball, Nicholas, Syracuse, was born in County Meath, Ireland, May 12, 1832, and came with his parents to America in 1850, settling in Watertown, N. Y. , where the latter died. He followed the business of a wool carder and dresser in the Eastern States, and in June, 1880, settled in Syracuse, where he has since resided. About eleven years later he established his present business as a groceryman. Belden, Charles G., Syracuse, son of A. Caldwell Belden, who is so frequently mentioned in this volume, descends from an old and respected family of Onondaga Co. Denison Belden came with his father from Boston, Mass., at a very early day, and settled in Fabius, where he married a Miss Caldwell. Their son, A. Caldwell, was born in Fabius in June, 1820, married Rozelia Jackson, of Delphi, and had three children. Charles G. Belden, one of this family, was born in Syracuse, June 6, 1857, attended Bridgeman's select school, and the Syracuse University for three years, and then traveled in Europe. Returning, he engaged in the ice business, being one of the first to bring Cazenovia Lake ice to Syracuse, and continuing at it for three years. Then, for two years, he was a foreman on the West Shore Railroad between this city and Utica and later associated with his father as local agents for the Lehigh Valley Coal Company. In 1887 he became a partner in the firm of A. Van Wagner & Co., general contractors. He married in Oct., 1886, May, daughter of Dr. Thomas Bevan, of Chicago, and they have two children : Arthur B. , and Rozelia. Banning, YValter E. , Syracuse, manufacturer of stamps and stencils, established his present business in 1860, and from an insignificant beginning has developed it into one of the most extensive concerns of the kind in Central New York. He makes stencil cutting a specialty. For many years the making of rubber stamps was the most important branch At present the products include rubber, metal, date, notarial, and steel stamps, printing wheels, check protectors, branding irons, seals, and seal presses, figures, etc. Boggs, Henry H., son of Abram and Nancy (Brown) Boggs, natives of the town of Onondaga, was born in that town Dec. 13, 1839. Abraham Boggs, the father of Abram, came to this county from Vermont very early in this century and took up a military lot. Abram Boggs was a jeweler and musician, was well known as a danc ing teacher throughout the county, and died in 1841, aged 33; his wife's death oc curred in 1849. Henry H. Boggs, their only son and child, was educated in school district No. 8, Onondaga, and when 17 learned the machinist's trade, which he has always followed. In 1870 he entered into partnership with his employer, A. C. Powell (with whom he has been associated since 1861), under the firm name of A. C. Powell & Co. , in Syracuse, and continued until 1875, when Louis F. Powell, son of A. C. , came into the firm as A. C. Powell, Son & Co. This was continued until 1883, when Mr. Boggs sold out his interest and established the firm of Boggs & Clarke. In 1891 he bought out Mr. Clarke and has since been the sole owner. He carries on a large business in the manufacture of pumps, water motors, etc. , and in general 390 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. machine repairing and building. Mr. Boggs is prominently identified with the growth and prosperity of the city, in which he takes a laudable pride, and was supervisor of the Fifth ward from 1880 to 1887 inclusive. In 1861 he married Mrs. Delia Myers, daughter of Hiram Lynn, of Clay, and has had born to him two chil dren : Nellie F. (Mrs. William P. Clarke) and Miriam A. Benedict, A. C, M. D., Syracuse, was born in Danbury, Conn., Nov. 17, 1836, and was educated in the public and private schools of his native place. At the age of 18 he moved with his father's family to Cornwall, Litchfield Co., Conn., where he taught school for two years. In 1857 he began the study of medicine with the late Dr. M. D. Benedict, of Skaneateles, and the next year he entered the Medical De partment of Yale College, from which he was graduated as an M.D. in 1860. He settled in Dover, N. Y. , and practiced his profession one year, when the war of the Rebellion broke out. He then enlisted as assistant surgeon in the 1st N. Y. Vol. Inf. , and in March, 1863, was made assistant surgeon of U. S. Vols. In September of the same year he was appointed by President Lincoln surgeon of U. S. Y'ols., and in 1865 was brevetted lieutenant-colonel. At the close of the war he practiced in Bethel, Conn., two years, and in Waverly, 111., seven years, and in 1875 settled in Syracuse, where he has since resided and followed his profession. Dr. Benedict is one of the leading physicians of the city and is not without political honor, having held several offices of trust and responsibility. In March, 1862, he married Hannah W., daughter of Reuben and Catherine Tompkins, of Dover, N. Y., who died in Oct.. 1876. In fhe fall of 1877 he united in marriage with Miss M., youngest daugh ter of the late Capt. Hezekiah Parmelee, of New Haven, Conn. Of his children four sons and a daughter are living. Britton, Israel E. , Syracuse, was born in what is now a part of the Eleventh ward of the city of Syracuse, Feb. 4, 1846, His father, Matthias Britton, a native of Dutchess Co., came here in 1826, and was first a farmer and then a butcher. In 1827 he engaged in manufacturing lime with his son Israel E., continuing until his death Sept, 15, 1887, at the age of 67. He was supervisor for two terms, was quarter master of the 25th Regiment S. N. Y. N. G. for five years, a deacon in the Presby terian church at Onondaga Valley, chairman of the Democratic County Committee for some time, and was often a candidate for local office. He married Frances S. , daughter of Eleazer Hibbard, an early settler of Onondaga and they had three chil dren: Israel E., of Syracuse; Adelaide, who died in infancy; and Ida I. (Mrs. W. H. Hubbard), of Carbondale, 111. Israel F. Britton, after finishing his education at the Onondaga Academy, engaged in manufacturing lime with his father, whom he suc ceeded at his death, and still continues the business. He was a stockholder in the New Brighton and Onondaga Valley Street Railway Company, now a part of the Consolidated system, and also in the Syracuse and Onondaga Street Railroad Com pany, now a part of the People's line. He was a stockholder and assistant manager of the Alpine Plaster and Cement Company, of Los Angeles, Cal., whose works he built and placed in operation, and was also one of the originators of the Stolp Addi tion Syndicate of Syracuse. He is a member of the Central City Lodge and Chapter of Masons, of the A. O. U. W., and of the Fourth Presbyterian church. Sept. 16, 1874, he married Hattie C, daughter of George W. Stolp, of Onondaga, and they have an adopted child, Lena H, FAMILY SKETCHES. 391 Babbitt, Charles L., Syracuse, was born in the old yellow building on the site of the present Bastable block Nov. 10, 1838, and began life as an apprentice in the old Courier office. Since then he has been engaged in various occupations. His educa tion was limited to the public schools of his day, and soon after his birth his mother married William Hamilton. On April 29, 1861, he enlisted in Co. I, 12th N. Y. Vol. Inf., Capt. Henry A. Barnum, and served for two years. Dec. 7, 1863, he re-enlisted in Co. L, 9th N. Y. Heavy Artillery, and followed the fortunes of that regiment until the close of the war, being honorably discharged in Oct., 1865. He participated in the battles of Malvern Hill, Gaines Mills, Cold Harbor, Cedar Creek, and others, and also in the campaign in the Shenandoah Valley, and was confined in Libby Prison for four months. He was wounded at Malvern Hill and spent some time in the hospital. His home has always been in Syracuse. He was formerly a member of Scott's Light Guard, 51st militia regiment, and of the 5th Battery N. Y. S. N. G. He is a member of Post Root G. A. R., of Americus Lodge, No. 607, I. O. O. F., of Prospect Lodge, No. 172, K. P., and of Uniform Rank, No. 15, K. P. Nichols, Oliver, Onondaga, was born in Onondaga Jan. 6, 1838, and has served as town collector, now owning a farm of 100 acres. Aug. 11 1862, he enlisted in Co. D, 122d N. Y. Vols., serving in the battle of the Wilderness, and other engagements, being honorably discharged at the close of the war in 1865. He is a son of John, who was born in 1805 and died in 1872. He was a son of Obediah Nichols, one of the first settlers of this town, who came from Connecticut. John and Sally Nichols had these children: William, John W., Oliver, George, Obed, and Lois. Oliver married Esther A. Wilcox, daughter of Stutley and Betsey (Sparks) Wilcox, the former a son of Stutley Wilcox, who came from Vermont and settled here about 1800. Mr. and Mrs. Nichols have three children : Oliver N. , who married Mantie Williams and has one son, Leon ; Minnie, who married Evan Fellows ; and Jessie, who married Edward Hoffmire. Reynolds, E. V., M.D., Spafford, was born in Chittenden Co., town of Milton, Vt. , June 2, 1858, a son of Emery and Josephine (Phelps) Reynolds, natives of Grand Isle Co., Vt., who came to Chittenden Co., and at present reside in Burlington. The grandfather of our subject, William S., was also anative of Grand Isle, where his father settled in an early day and there lived and died. Emery Reynolds now lives retired in Burlington. He has been a prominent man in his locality, and served one term in the Legislature, as well as filling other offices of trust. E. V. Reynolds was educated in the Burlington High School and in 1878 entered the medical department of the University of Vermont, graduating in 1881, having also studied in the office of J. O. Crampton, of Winooski. He began practice in Fairfax, Vt., remaining about eighteen months, when he went to Oxford, Neb., where he remained one year, then settled in Fairfax, where he practiced over five years, and in 1889 came to Borodino, where he has since had a very successful practice. He is a member of Lake View Lodge No. 684 of Borodino. In 1888 he married Hattie Hicks, a native of Franklin Co., Vt, town of Fairfax. She is a daughter of Martin and Cordelia (Beals) Hicks, of Fairfax, the former being an undertaker of that place. Her mother died in 1888. Mr. and Mrs. Reynolds have had one daughter, Hazel J., born Jan. 13, 1893. Mr. Reynolds is a member of the Alliance of both Borodino and the county, being presi dent of both organizations. He is also a member of the I.O.G.T. 392 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Feeley & Durkin, boot and shoe dealers and gent's furnishing goods, are the only merchants in Skaneateles dealing exclusively in these two lines. The firm was established in 1883. James D. Feeley was born in Ireland in December, 1841, and came to America in 1846. He has been connected with the manufacture of paper and woolen goods, working at this business for twenty years. He married Hannah Dee, of Rome, by whom he has four children living: Norah, James, Michael and Loretta. Mr. Feeley is one is of the most popular and best known merchants in Skaneateles. He is the postmaster of Skaneateles Falls. The new school at Skane ateles Falls was built under the supervision of Mr. Feeley, and it gives evidence of how efficiently the work was done. He was trustee during the building. Mr. Feeley has been a resident of the village since 1846. Clark, Edward W., Elbridge, was born in Elbridge in 1826. In 1804 Elijah Clark came with his family from Northampton, Mass., to Skaneateles, where he spent the remainder of his life, . rearing ten children. One son, Ashley, came when a young man in 1814, to Elbridge, where he was engaged for several years in business. He married Harriet A. Webster, of Connecticut, who was a relative of Noah Webster, and they had one son, Edward W., and two daughters, Mrs. James Munro of El bridge, and Mrs. Dr. Roberts, who died in Michigan. Edward W. was born in El bridge, and received his education in the academy. In 1840 he went to St. Louis, working in a store four years, traveled' for his father, and spent some time in a store in Syracuse. In 1852 he began what was quite a service as conductor on the N. Y. C. R. R. In 1859 he married Frances E. Phelps, of Delaware Co., and for the next six years resided in Syracuse, where his two daughters, Harriet L. , who died Decem ber 5, 1893, and Margaret M., were born. His wife died in 1873, and he married, second, Frances E. Wolcott, who died in 1893. He spent fifteen years traveling for Syracuse grocery houses, and returned to his native town of Elbridge to live in 1877. Three years later the National Chair Manufacturing Co. (Clark & Ranney) was or ganized, which continued till 1892, when Mr. Ranney retired, and George Hunsicker and C. C. Smith came in. The business has been very successful. In 1894 Mr. Clark became interested with some other men in the electric light plants in Elbridge and Jordan. Bonsted, Marvin, Manlius, was born in the town of Minden, Montgomery Co.. March 19, 1849. He was educated in the common schools of Cicero and Alexandria, When Marvin was one year old, his father, Charles, left his native county and located on a farm in Cicero, where he remained five years, then moved to Jefferson Co. where he remained fifteen years. In 1870 he moved to Herkimer Co. , settling in the town of German Flats. He is now living in the town of Cicero. His wife, Eliz abeth McNeil, a native of Montgomery Co., died in February, 1885. There were eight children born of this union. After leaving school, Marvin assisted his father on the farm until sixteen years of age. He then started for himself by working for other farmers. He rented a farm in Little Falls for two years, and in 1871 bought a farm in the town of Pompey, which he conducted for nine years, then traded for the Voorhees farm in Manlius. He lived on this farm until 1885, then bought a place in the village of Manlius, where he lived for two years, then traded for the Levi Morse farm of eighty-six acres, where he carries on a general line of farming. Mr. Bonsted has held the offioe of assessor for the last three years, and is also school FAMILY SKETCHES. 393 trustee. He is a member of the Methodist church, also of Onondaga Grange, No. 618, of which he is lecturer. February 1, 1869, Mr. Bonsted married Eliza Colman, of Starkville, Herkimer Co., by whom he has one son: De Forest Hermon, a student in Cazenovia Seminary. Hill, D. Munro, a native of Elbridge, was born on the home farm east of Windsor village. His parental grandfather was Isaac Hill, a native of Armagh, Ireland, who came to Elbridge in 1809 and opened a store, the second in the town, on a part of what is now the Hill farm- One daughter married D. A: Munro, of Camillus; an other became Mrs. L. Bates; and another Mrs. Samuel McClellan, of Syracuse. Another married Mr. T. Mason, of Memphis; a son, Thomas W., was born in 1810 ; Isaac died in Syracuse in 1868. Thomas W. married Mary L., daughter of Judge David Munro, of Camillus. She died in 1838, and he married her sister, Mary A. There were nine children, four of whom died in infancy. The others were Mrs. Page Munro, of Syracuse, Mrs. Charles G. McGowan, of Elbridge, who was killed by a lamp explosion in 1891 ; Mrs. Hoyt North, of Marcellus; Isaac, who died aged twenty, and D. Munro, who married Mary L. , daughter of Hollis Knowlton, whose family is an old one in the town. Their nine children were: Mrs. Frank A. D. Brown, of Skaneateles; Mrs. John Chamberlain, of Elbridge; Thomas W., Frank W., Sarah M., James M., Charles D., Isaac and Edgar. The Hill farm has 600 acres, half of which has been added by the present proprietor. Thomas Hill was a sur veyor, and was also interested in politics, and prominent in town and county affairs. Our subject has also been active as a party worker, as well as in the church. Quinby, Dr. Theron E. , Manlius, was born in the town of Ontario, Wayne county, August 18, 1847, son of David M. , a farmer of that town. Theron E. was educated in the common schools and Walrath Academy. After leaving school he taught one season, then spent one year with Dr. J. D. Dunning, of Webster, N. Y. In Septem ber, 1867, he entered the medical department of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, graduating March 4, 1868, from the Western Reserve College, at Cleveland, Ohio. He commenced practice June 1, 1868, at New London, Oneida county, in partnership with Dr. Babcock and remained in that town about two years. In 1870 he located in Fayetteville, where he has built up a creditable practice and made many friends. The year 1888 he spent as physician of Auburn prison, but resigned in the same year. Dr. Quinby was supervisor of the town in 1891 and president of the village of Fayetteville in 1888-89-90, also one year previous. The doctor is given the credit by the citizens of being the founder of the water works in the village. Dr. Quinby is a member of the Masonic order, Odd F'ellows and Rechabites. He is a director of the Manlius Plank Road Co. June 1, 1870, he married Ann Elizabeth Abell, of New London, by whom he has one daughter, Katherine D., a student of Fayetteville Academy. Whiting, Nathan, Cicero, was born in New Hampshire, Nov. 7, 1814, and came with his parents to the town of Cicero at the age of sixteen years. Nathan A., his father, was born in the town of Temple, New Hampshire, April 20, 1787. He was a farmer, as well as the grandfather. He bought 145 acres of land in the town of Cicero, to which he continued to add, until he had acquired 289 acres. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Francis Blood, by whom he had four children ; Elizabeth, 394 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. who died at the age of 33 ; Oliver ; Elvira ; and Nathan. The latter has spent his life at farming, and now has a farm of 308 acres, all under cultivation, making a specialty of hay. Mr. Whiting married Matilda, daughter of David Ball, of Cicero, who was one of the original settlers of this town. Mr. Ball died in Michigan in 1858, aged 74 years, and his wife, who was Lucy Belding, of Massachusetts, died in Mich igan in 1862, aged 73 years. Clinton Pharmaceutical Company, Syracuse, was organized and incorporated at Clinton, N. Y., in Nov., 1887, with a capital of §5,000. The original officers were John R. Myers, president ; John Clark, vice-president ; and William M. Bristo^ secretary and treasurer. In Oct., 1889, the capital stock was increased to §25,000 and the business moved to Syracuse, where it has since become a leading factor in the commercial interests of Central New York. In 1891 the capital was again in creased, this time to §50,000, and the same year Messrs. Myers and Bristol purchased 'Mr. Clark's interest and have since been the sole proprietors. The incorporate privileges expired in June, 1893, but the original name was retained, and thence forward the concern has been conducted as a private company. The business ex tends all over the United States, but principally throughout New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and New England, and considerably in the South, employing from eight to ten traveling salesmen. Regular pharmaceutical preparations are manufactured, such as are used by physicians, consisting of liquids, tablets, and pills. Their chief chemist, J. Le Roy Webber, is known throughout the country as an authority on pepsin and kindred products. They manufacture a number of specialties and enjoy a wide reputation. Collins, John R., Syracuse, son of John, was born in County Kerry, Ireland, May 27, 1858, was educated in the national schools of his native country, and in Sept. , 1870, came to Syracuse, where he attended the Christian Brothers' School, now St. John's Academy, from which he was graduated in June, 1873, following that by a period of teaching in his alma mater. In March, 1874, he entered the law office of Gray & Costello and remained with their successors, Costello & Ide, and was ad mitted to the bar at the Syracuse General Term Jan. 5, 1880. After practicing alone for a time he became a member of the firm of Tousley & Collins, and since July, 1894, he has been associated with Frank W. Talbott under the name of Talbott & Collins. He is a member of the C. R. & B. A. , and C. T. A. U. , in which he has held several offices. March 8, 1878, he married Delia, daughter of Patrick Hughes, a native of Syracuse, and has five children : Mary L. , Frank H. , Jennie M. , Florence A., and Gertrude E. Cady, Hiram P., Syracuse, born in Lebanon, Madison Co., Juy 15, 1850, is a son of James E. Cady, who died in Syracuse in Oct., 1887, aged 67, and whose wife Lucy N., died in 1870. He remained on the farm until the age of twenty-three, when he engaged in the glass business in Covington, Pa. In Aug., 1874, he came to Syr acuse and for eleven years was connected with the glass factory here. In 1887 he established himself in the real estate business in partnership with A. A. Bishop as Cady & Bishop, which continued about one year, when the firm dissolved and Mr. Cady conducted the office alone. In 1891 he formed a copartnership with Charles L. Pack as Cady & Pack, which still continues. Mr. Cady is prominent in Masonry, being a member of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A. M., and of Central City Chap- FAMILY SKETCHES. 395 ter, No. 70, R. A. M. He was married on March 22, 1873, to Miss Ellen M., daughter of Henry Clayson, of Lebanon, N. Y.- They have one son, Alfred M. Cady, Hon. William G. , Syracuse, born in Rome, N. Y., Oct. 7, 1854, was edu cated in the academies of Yonkers and New York city, read law with Johnson & Prescott in Rome, was admitted at Utica in 1880, and the same year came to Syra cuse, where he has since resided and practiced his profession. He has always taken an active interest in Republican politics and for a time was secretary of the county committee. When the Municipal Court was established in Syracuse in 1892 Mr. Cady was appointed one of its judges, taking office Jan. 1, 1893, for a term of five years. In Nov., 1883, he married Jennie L., daughter of William B. Boyd, of Geddes. Their children are Lydia B., Hazel F., and Rush Boyd. Connelly, Jeremiah R., Syracuse, was born in Syracuse, Nov. 10, 1850, was edu cated in the public schools of this city, and learned the trade of printer in the office of the "Standard," then owned, by Wiliam and Moses Summers. He was promi nently connected with the old printers' union of this city, and in 1875, the year pre vious to its dissolution, served as its treasurer. In 1883 he took an active part in organizing another union known as No. 55, which has ever since enjoyed a prosper ous existence, and of which he was elected delegate to the National Convention at Pittsburg in 1886 and president in 1887. His connection with the Herald practically dates from its establishment. He is one of the best known printers in the county, with whom he is not more popular than in a large circle of general acquaintance. In the spring of 1888 Mr. Connolly was elected supervisor of the 3d ward of Syracuse on the Republican ticket, and was probably the first representative of his trade in Onondaga Co. who was ever called from the compositor's case to a seat in the county legislature. During that term of office he was chairman of the committee on rules and a member of the committees on county buildings and justices' accounts. He was clerk of the municipal civil service examiners in 1892-93, and in all these capaci ties he distinguished himself for strict adherence to duty. Oct. 5, 1892, he married Miss Margaret F. Tehan, of Auburn, and has one son, Paul I. Miller, Victor, Dewitt, contractor and builder, was born in Dewitt in 1848, son of John and Mary (Suaragot) Miller, of France. They came to America about 1832, locating in Syracuse, going from there to East Syracuse in 1846. The father died in 1868, aged 68, and the mother died in 1884, aged 89. Mr. Miller is the youngest of a family of five children, was raised on a farm, and afterward learned the trade he has followed since arriving at the age of manhood. He has built most of the residences and public buildings of East Syracuse. He was a member of the Board of Educa tion during the construction of the new school house. In 1880 he married Sarah Jones of the town of Dewitt, by whom he has two children, May and Raymond. McDowell, Edwin, Van Buren, was born in the town of Camillus, Oct. 25, 1828. Henry McDowell, his father, was a native of Orange Co., and came to Onondaga Co. in 1804 and settled in Camillus. His father, Henry, kept a hotel at Wellington Cor ners, on the stage route between Syracuse and Auburn. Henry McDowell, jr., mar ried Susan, daughter of Harlow Marshall. He was engaged in farming, and held many offices of trust in the town of Camillus. Edwin was educated in the common schools. In 1851 he married Julia A., daughter of Solomon Auyer, by whom he had 396 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. seven children. In 1857 he came to Van Buren and purchased the Dr. White prop erty. In 1872 he bought the Stephen Searles property at Jack's Reefs, where he now resides. Mr. McDowell is one of the leading men of the town, and has held various offices of trust. He was assessor for nine years and supervisor in 1884-85. Thomas, Asahel, Camillus, was born in La Fayette in 1826, son of Joseph and Laura (King) Thomas. The father died at La Fayette in 1864, aged 68 years. Mr. Thomas married Sybil Mayhew, resided at La Fayette until 1881, and then purchased his present farm of 115 acres near Amboy, on which he has since resided. They have three children : Joseph, Levi, and Olive. Grover, Eugene M., Syracuse, son of Albert and Sarah (Brown) Grover, was born in Georgetown, Madison Co., N. Y., Feb. 3, 1846. His paternal grandfather, Elisha Grover, a native of Massachusetts, moved into Madison Co. at a very early day, among the pioneers, and died there after a long and useful life. Hon. Martin Grover, a brother of Elisha, was for many years a prominent lawyer in Angelica, Allegany Co., and became conspicuous in the jurisprudence of the State. He was a member of Congress in 1845^47, and was elected judge of the Supreme Court of the eighth district, Nov. 3, 1857; judge of the Court of Appeals, Nov. 5, 1867, and associate jus tice of the latter tribunal, May 17, 1870, and died Aug: 23, 1875. Albert Grover, a farmer, as was also his father, Elisha, moved with his family about 1852 to Homer, N. Y. , principally for the purpose of educating his children, and after the close of the war of the Rebellion came to Syracuse, where he engaged extensively in the business of building and contracting, which he successfully followed until his death in July, 1884, at the age of 65. He was an unswerving Republican and took a keen interest in the welfare and advancement of the city. His wife Sarah was a daughter of William Brown, jr., whose father, William, sr. , served for some time as a soldier in the Revolutionary war, from Massachusetts, where he lived, and subsequently moved into Chenango Coi, settling at Otselic Center, where he died, and where five generations of the family are buried. She died in Syracuse in Aug., 1890, aged 80 years. They had five children, all sons, as follows: Demas L., a miller of Marcellus Falls; Albert B., of Rochester; Eugene M. and Frank W., of Syracuse; and Elisha, who died at the age of 16. Of these Albert B., Eugene M., and Elisha entered the office of the Homer Republican under Joseph R. Dixon, then a prominent factor in Republican politics and one of the leading editors of the State. Elisha died during his apprenticeship. Albert B. finished his trade and then entered the book and job - room of the Syracuse Journal, which position he held for sixteen years, when he re signed, went to Rochester, and engaged in the patent medicine business. Eugene M. Grover began a four years' apprenticeship in the Homer Republican office at the age of thirteen, and remained there until 1865, when he came to Syracuse, where he has since resided. He first entered the office of the Syracuse Courier under Stephen G. Hitchcock, and one year later became foreman of the job department. This he resigned in 1869 to enter the Journal office, where he was soon made foreman of the job room, and when the Syracuse Journal Company was incorporated in 1885 he-be came also its secretary and superintendent, and continued in these capacities until 1890. The old Journal building in East Washington street was burned in March, 1891, and when the paper took possession of its present quarters in James street in the following May, Mr. Grover started one of the largest and most complete book ¦-FAMILY SKETCHES. 397 and job printing establishments in the city in the same block, where he has since carried on a successful business. He is one of the oldest and best known printers in the county, and beginning as a journeyman has risen to the highest place in his pro fession. He has been the official printer for the county of Onondaga since the new ballot law went into effect, and has also printed common council manuals, the city charter in 1895, and other important municipal works. He is a member of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A. M. May 24, 1870, he married Miss Alma G. Karr, daughter of James and Eliza (Manning) Karr, of New York Mills, Oneida Co. Wilkins, J. T., Baldwinsville, was born in Baldwinsville, June 18, 1856, son of William L. , a native of Ballston, Saratoga Co. William L. came to Baldwinsville and engaged in the merchant tailoring business, until he built the Seneca flouring mills, which business he continued until his death in March, 1890, at the age of 67 years. He was a representative man of the town. John T. was educated in the common schools and finished at the Baldwinsville Academy. After leaving school he went to Troy, N. Y., and engaged in the clothing business, where he remained for eight years. In 1880 he returned to Baldwinsville and entered the employ of Upson & Donovan, purchasing an interest in 1887, the firm name being changed to W. Upson & Co. He married Phila, daughter of Charles Van de Warker, of Jeffer son Co. Mr. Wilkins is one of the leading business men of the town. He has served as trustee for seven years. He has identified himself with the best interests of the town. Schenck, Irwin V. , Baldwinsville, was born in Lysander in Nov. , 1846, son of Will iam B., a native of Montgomery Co. The family came to Onondaga Co. in 1815. William B. married Catherine M. Vandevere, by whom he had three sons. He was engaged in farming up to the time of his death in 1853, at the age of 34 years. Irwin V. was educated in the common schools and finished at Baldwinsville Academy, after which he returned to his father's farm. He married Anna H., daughter of James M. Tator, who died in Aug., 1894, mourned by all who knew her. Mr. Schenck is a rep resentative farmer of the town. 'Start, Augustus, Baldwinsville, was born in Baldwinsville, Nov. 7, 1841, son of Isaiah Start, a native of Ipswich, N. H. The early ancestors settled in New Ipswich, Mass., about 1700 and were of English extraction. Isaiah Start came to Baldwins ville in 1820. He married Sarah Ervine, by whom he had seven children, none of whom is living. He died in 1872, aged 80 years. Augustus Start married Mary, daughter of P. McCarthy, b}' whom he had two daughters, Alice A. and Augusta G., and one son, Ervine A. Mr. Start was engaged in farming throughout his life and was one of the prominent and popular men of the town. He died in 1876, aged 34 years. Leamy, Thomas, Syracuse, of Leamy Brothers, extensive general contractors of Syracuse, was born in County Tipperary, Ireland, June 2, 1837. Coming to America in 1852 he engaged in building, a trade he followed more or less for several years. He also spent considerable time in travel, visiting nearly every country in the world, and thus acquired a rich fund of information and interesting reminiscence. His family upon his father's side originally came from France during the French Revo lution and settled in Ireland, where some of their members became both wealthy and 398 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. influential. Returning to Syracuse Mr. Leamy again applied himself to his trade and in 1871 engaged in business as a general contractor, which he has since continued. In 1878 he took his brother Patrick into partnership under the firm name of Leamy Brothers, and among the many prominent and handsome buildings which they have constructed in this city may be mentioned the county clerk's office, St. Paul's church, the Kirk block, McCarthy's new retail store, and others. Mr. Leamy was married in 1865 to Miss Lucy O'Farrell, also a native of Ireland. McCarthy, Michael L. , Syracuse, son of John, was born in Truxton, N. Y. , Dec 30, 1855. He studied law at Cortland with Judge Duell and at Oswego with W. A. Poucher, and now practices his profession in Syracuse. Hill, Everard Allen, Syracuse, was born in Pompey, Dec. 3, 1860, came to Syra cuse in 1863, and was educated in the schools of this city. He was graduated from the High School in 1879 and from Syracuse University in 1883, studied law with His cock, Gifford & Doheny, was admitted to the bar in 1886, and has since practiced his profession with his preceptors, making a specialty of real estate law and surrogate's court practice. For several years he has had charge of the law business of the Syra cuse Savings Bank. He was'- the first supervisor of the Fourteenth ward, serving two terms, and alderman of the same ward in 1894 and 1895. He was the first person in Onondaga Co. to join the Christian Endeavor Society, was president of the first society organized in Syracuse, and at present is a member of the Executive Commit tee of the State organization. ¦• Hamilton, J. Lawrence, Syracuse, son of William T. , was born in Syracuse, Sept. 16, 1861. Educated in the schools of this city, in St. Paul's School in Concord, N. H., in Columbia College, and in Harvard University, he spent eight years in Mexico as manager of a mining company, and returning to Syracuse in the spring of 1888 be came local agent for a western flour concern. In June, 1894, he formed the Electrical Specialty Company, manufacturers of and dealers in electro-medical and surgical specialties, of which he is the treasurer and manager. Nov. 20, 1889, Mr. Hamilton married Clara Ellis, daughter of William A. Beach, of Troy, N.Y. , and granddaugh ter of J. M. Ellis, of Syracuse. They have two children: Catherine Ellis and Fannie Lawrence. Collins, Edwin, Syracuse, son of John A. and Eliza (Button) Collins, was born in Syracuse on January 3, 1865. He is a lineal descendant of Henry Collins, starch- maker, who came to Lynn, Mass., from Stepney parish, near London, England, in 1635. Dr. John Collins, of the seventh generation of Johns, was born in Brookfield, N. Y., in February, 1804, his father, John, having moved from Lynn, Mass., to Washington Co. , N.Y. His sketch appears on another page of this work. He had eight children, of whom five died young and three are living in Syracuse. John Asel Collins, his son, a native of Spafford, married Eliza Button, and moved to this city about 1860. Their son, Edwin Collins, after attending the Syracuse public and high schools, became a bookkeeper for J. & F. B. Garrett and later superintend ent of one of the Greenway Brewing Company's departments. Feb. 20, 1887, he was appointed mayor's clerk by Mayor W. B. Burns, and on April 1, 1888, received the appointment of deputy city clerk under Henry W. Bannister, a position he held by reappointment until Feb., 1896. He is a member of Syracuse Lodge, No. 215, K. P., FAMILY SKETCHES. 399 Central City Lodge, No. 161, R. A., and the Citizens and Onondaga Clubs. Nov. 27, 1889, he married Miss Bertha Erhard, daughter of Frederick Erhard, of Syracuse, who died Nov. 1, 1894. Gorke, Herman J., Syracuse, was born in Germany; Oct. 30, 1861, and came to America with his parents in 1870, settling in the town of Lysander, Onondaga Co. His father and mother, Frederick C. and Sophia D. (Hanck) Gorke, now live in Baldwinsville. Mr. Gorke was educated first in Germany and afterwards in the com mon schools of Lysander, and was graduated from the Baldwinsville Academy in 1884, after which he spent five years in the clothing business, one year in the oil trade, and three years as a steam contractor. On Sept. 1, 1891, he became financial manager for the Electric Engineering and Supply Company, of Syracuse, and five months later was made general manager, which position he still holds, being also elected its secretary and treasurer Jan. 1, 1895. This company was organized in 1889, and handles manufacturers' incandescent and street railway supplies, motors, dyna mos, lamps,- and general electric supplies. Mr. Gorke was superintendent of the Sunday school of the Presbyterian church of Baldwinsville in 1885-86 ; was the or ganizer and, for a time, president of the Y.P.S.C.E. of that society; has been super intendent of the Park Central Presbyterian church Sunday school for four years, and president of its Y. P. S. C. E. He married, Sept. 25, 1888, Helen M., daughter of W. W. Swetland, of Baldwinsville, and has two children, Karl S. and Doris. Ormsbee, Henry Jerome, Syracuse, son of Lucius J., the oldest merchant in con tinuous business in Syracuse, was born in this city April 6, 1856, and received his education in the public and High Schools. Afterward he followed different occupa tions until Feb., 1888, when he engaged in the business of photo-engraving, being the first in Syracuse in this line, and in fact the pioneer between New York and Buf falo to execute process work, He soon took in James M. Baily, of the Herald, as a partner under the firm name of Ormsbee & Baily Engraving Company ; they con stantly increased the scope of operation and became the leading engravers on zinc and copper in Central New York. Mr. Baily died in 1890, and since then Mr. Orms bee has conducted the establishment alone under the name of H. J. Ormsbee En graving Company, employing from fifteen to eighteen artists and operatives. From an insignificant beginning he has developed the business step by step, until at the present time it is equal in extent and capacity to any similar concern between New Y'ork and Chicago, its operations being confined exclusively to engraving on copper and other metals by photographic reproduction. Mr. Ormsbee has always taken an active part in amateur and local theatrical enterprises, and has staged many impor tant entertainments, successfully supervising them with the skill of a master. In this respect his talent and ability are universally recognized, and no one holds a higher place in the dramatic life of Syracuse. He was married in Aug., 1888, to Mrs. Emma E. (Phillips) Davis, daughter of Nathan Phillips, one of the earliest settlers of Salina. They have three children: Emma Josephine, Harold Phillips, and Laura Anita. Hisley, Charles, Syracuse, was born in Syracuse, where he has always resided, July 6, 1857. His father, Charles, sr., a fruit dealer,' came to this city from Germany in 1846, and died here April 3, 1891, his wife also dying on May 17 of the same year. Of their thirteen children six are living. Charles Hisley, jr. , in 1870, began learning the tailor's trade, which he followed as a journeyman for several years, mainly in the 400 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. employ of H. P. Hall and R. J. Sloane. In the fall of 1893 he started doing a gen eral tailoring and repairing business for himself. He was married in 1884 to Cath erine Zimmer, of Syracuse, and has two children, Norbert G. and Leon H. Otis, Edgar F., Syracuse, son of William T. and Eveline (Warner) Otis, was born in Chaumont, Jefferson Co. , Nov. 29, 1854. His grandfather, Oliver Otis, came from Vermont and settled in what is now Oswego city at an early day, dying in the ad joining town of Scriba. William T. Otis, his son, was born in Oswego, and when young moved to Chaumont, N. Y., where he married Eveline, daughter of Nathan iel Warner, a native of Rhode Island. He now resides with his son in Syracuse. Edgar F. Otis, after completing his education at the State Normal School in Oswego, taught school for several years in Jefferson Co., and subsequently engaged in the hat trade in Oswego, and later in the publishing business in New Y'ork city. In April, 1885, he came to Syracuse, and in 1886 formed a partnership with Robert P. Zobel, under the firm name of Zobel & Otis, and engaged in the job printing busi ness. This continued until Dec, 1894, when the firm dissolved, and Mr. Otis organ ized the Otis Paper Company. He is also the publisher and managing editor of the Thousand Island Park Herald, which is issued weekly during the summer and monthly during the remainder of the year under the principal editorship of Rev. William Searls, D. D. , of Auburn. Mr. Otis was for five years district secretary of the Onondaga Co. Y.P.S.C. E. ; has been actively identified with the State organiza tion and, until business cares compelled him to resign, was prominent in the work of that society. He is also a member of the Knights of Pythias and of the I. O. O. F. Dec. 6, 1887, he married Addie B. , daughter of F. T. Talbott, of Syracuse, and they have three children : Alva Talbott, Arthur Nye, and Rosalind May. Sanford & Elliott, Syracuse. This firm consists of Emmons H. Sanford and Ches ter M. Elliott, two well known members of the legal fraternity in active practice in Syracuse. They do a large law business, and have offices in the Kirk building. Wraught, Albert Bassett, Syracuse, was born in Lockport, N. Y., Oct. 14, 1870, moved with his parents to Little Falls in 1872, attended the Wells Commercial Col lege in Syracuse, and was a clerk for the Adamant Manufacturing Company for three years. He was connected with the Y. M. C. A. gymnasium work in Herkimer, N. Y., for a time, and in the spring of 1892 came to Syracuse as assistant secretary of the Y. M. C. A., which position he resigned in 1896. 'In 1898 he married Miss Alice M. Eccleston, of this city. Whelan, C. A., & Co., Syracuse, established business as manufacturers of and wholesale and retail dealers in cigars and tobacco in 1891, and since then have suc cessfully built up a large and prosperous trade. The firm consists of Charles A. and George A. Whelan and W. K. Niver, the business being under the immediate super vision of the first named, who is a practical man and has been identified with similar enterprises from an early age. Griffin, Patrick J., Syracuse, was born in Cork, Ireland, May 2, 1867, and came to America with his parents in 1874, settling in Syracuse, where his father, a marble polisher, died in May, 1894, aged 53, and where his mother still resides. He was ed ucated in the public schools of this city and began life as a clerk in the hardware store of Matthew Murphy. One year later he entered the employ of Everson, Friselle FAMILY SKETCHES. 401 & Co., hardware dealers, and remained with them and their successors twelve years. or until April, 1895, when he accepted a similar position with the Burhans & Black Company. He was active in Democratic politics and was elected school commis sioner of the 3d ward in 1892, a position he held until his death, Aug. 2, 1895. He was also prominent in other directions, and was a member of Division 1, A. O. H. He was married in Sept., 1894, to Annie E. , daughter of John Conroy, of Syracuse. Stinson, Martin, Skaneateles, was born in Skaneateles in 1858, a son of John Stin- son. Our subject was for some time engaged in the woolen mills at Skaneateles, but since 1883 has given his attention to agriculture. He raises large quantities of hops, for which he has a reputation in the county, and in addition is engaged in the culti vation of teasels, his farm being finely adapted for both these products. Coleman, James D., Syracuse, was born in Pompey, July 22, 1833. His father, Moses Coleman, came there with his father's family at a very early day, as did also the family of James Depuy, the two families being the first settlers on Coleman Hill in that town. Moses married Betsey, daughter of Mr. Depuy, and had five children: Esther, deceased; De Witt C, deceased; James D. ; and Timothy D., of Syracuse; and Bernard, deceased. Mosej Coleman was a school teacher, and moved to North Manlius, and thence to Springwater Valley, N.Y., where he died. The family re turned to Onondaga Co. and settled at High Bridge, and about four years later located in what is now Colvin street in Syracuse, whence they moved to Onondaga Valley, and finally to Centerville, where Mrs. Coleman married again, survived her second husband, and died. J ames D. Coleman began life as a farmer, but soon learned the trade of carpenter and joiner. In 1855 he settled permanently in Syra cuse, and forming a partnership with Lyman C. and Calvin E. Carpenter, known as Carpenter & Coleman, engaged in the manufacture of cabinet work, to which they subsequently added that of cabinet organs. In 1865 Christian Cook purchased an interest and the firm became Cook, Carpenter, Coleman & Co., manufacturing cabinet work and cabinet organs. Seven years later Carpenter and Coleman sold out to Mr. Cook and established a similar business, but one year afterward, or in 1885, dissolved, and Mr. Coleman founded his present business, manufacturing the Coleman roll-top desk, and office, church, and library furniture. He is a member, and formerly trustee of the A.O.U. W., is one of the stewards of Brown Memorial church, and for seventeen consecutive years has served as chairman of its board of trustees. He married, July 4, 1854, Laura E. Gumaer, who died in May, 1863, leaving two daughters, Ida Adelle, and Cora Ella. Dec 27, 1864, he married Mary U., daughter of Merrills Cleveland, and their children have been Lena and Florence, who are living, and Jennie and Franklin, deceased. Abbott, William E., was born in Lowville, Lewis Co., N. Y., Jan. 19, 1822, a son of Paul Abbott and Patty Eells. He descended on both his father's and mother's line from pure Puritan ancestry, being the sixth in descent from " Mary Chilton " of Mayflower fame. His grandfather, William Abbott, of Pomfret, Conn., was en gaged in the battles of Lexington and Bunker Hill, was also with Washington on Long Island, and at New London, Conn., and died in Clinton, N. Y., aged 87 years. On his mother's side was Maj. Samuel Eells, a prominent lawyer and statesman in the early history of Massachusetts, who was sent to England on important business yy 402 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. for the colony in a professional capacity and returned successful in the enterprise. He was also one of the leaders in King Philip's war. His son, Col. Samuel Eells, was a distinguished lawyer of Connecticut, was secretary of the Commonwealth, and for forty years a member of the executive committee of the colony. Paul Abbott was a merchant tailor in Lowville, N. Y., many years, settling in 1804 and died in 1831, when William E. , his third son, then a lad of nine years, was left to the care of a most devoted and excellent mother, under whose wise and careful training he grew to manhood, attending the village school and academy and later the Gouver neur Academy, ending his school days at the preparatory school at Oberlin, Ohio. Thus fitted he began his life work in Utica, N. Y., entering the dry goods store of A. L. & R. H. Wells, where he worked perseveringly in every department to gain a complete knowledge of the business. After three and a half years he left, having been head clerk during the last year. He was also with Spencer, Kellogg & Son, of that city. In Jan., 1842, he came to Syracuse and entered into partnership with his older brother, Henry G., when they opened the first exclusively dry goods store in this city ; later his brother James H. joined thern under the firm name of Abbott Brothers. In 1849 William E. bought out the business, and was sole owner and pro prietor for about thirty years, when he retired owing to ill health. Thus closed a long and active business career; he built up a successful trade and a name for strict integrity in all his transactions and manifested great executive ability in the business world. After a year of rest and change he again in 1871 formed a copartnership with Edwin P. Hopkins in the coal business, with a yard on Water street. This con tinued until the death of Mr. Hopkins, when his son, William E. Hopkins, took his father's interest and thus continued until 1888, when Mr. Abbott bought the entire business and conducted it alone until 1893, when illness compelled him again to retire to quiet life. Mr. Abbott has received many evidences of confidence and trust from his fellow citizens. He was appointed by the Board of Supervisors in spector of the penitentiary for three consecutive years, and was supervisor of the Eighth ward for 1871-2-3. It is a source of pride to Mr. Abbott that he was one of earliest and earnest advocates of the anti-slavery movement when it was the cause of much abuse and censure for those who were friends of that suffering and perse cuted race. He was personally instrumental in aiding hundreds of slaves over the under-ground railroad on their way to safety and freedom. He was also one of the actors in the famous Jerry Rescue case and has ever since that day carried on his key ring in his pocket one of the links from the chain of Jerry's shackles. He was one of the bondsmen of Moses Summers who was indicted as one of the rescuers. He was also one of the prime movers in organizing the Republican party in this county, and with others put in nomination the successful "Jerry Rescue Ticket." In 1856 he was chosen a trustee of the Onondaga County Orphan Asylum, which office he still retains ; he has also been secretary of the board for over 35 years. He was one of the charter members of the Onondaga County Savings Bank and is now its first vice-president. He was one of the incorporators of the Adamant Manufacturing Com pany of America and is now its president, and is also interested in several other business enterprises in the city. He was a charter member of the Plymouth Congre gational church, superintendent of its Sunday school, and has ever been a consistent and valued member of this leading church. For over forty years he was treasurer of the Onondaga County Bible Society. In 1858 he was one of the founders of the FAMILY SKETCHES. 403 Young Men's Christian Association, elected its first vice-president, and in 1861 its president; that same year he went to Hartford, Conn., and engaged Father Hawley to come here as city missionary. He is always ready and anxious to work for the best interests of the beautiful city of his home. On Aug. 12, 1845, Mr. Abbott was married to Jane A. Foster who died March 19, 1889. He married, second, Dec. 23, 1890, Elizabeth E. Hatch, of Winsted, Conn. Some thirty years ago he purchased a block on the corner of Beech and East Genesee streets and erected thereon a com- modius residence, which is still his home. Kind and considerate in all his intercourse with his fellow men, retiring and generous in his disposition, yet genial and courte ous with all, punctual, and accurate in all dealings, his name is a synonym for all that is strictly honest. Eells, Nathaniel, Skaneateles, eldest son of Nathaniel and Alice (White) Eells, was born in Middletown (now Cromwell), Conn., Sept, 11, 1748, and married Huldah White, cousin of Judge Hugh White, the pioneer of Whitestown, N. Y. About 1784 the latter induced Mr. Eells to come to Whitestown, whence he removed in 1796, at the request of Judge White, to Skaneateles, to take charge of the mills that had been erected on the outlet by him and Judge Sanger. Mr. Eells subsequently purchased what is now known as the Pardee place, and died in Skaneateles on Jan. 7, 1815. He served in the Revolutionary war, at the battle of Bunker Hill with his brother Daniel, who came into Central New Y'ork about the same time (1784) and settled in New Hart ford, Oneida Co. The children of Jonathan and Huldah Eells were Nathaniel jr. , born in 1776; Richard, born in 1779; Clara, born in 1782; Sylvester, born in 1783 (all born in Middletown, Conn.) ; Susannah, born in 1785 ; Huldah, born in 1786 (both born in Whitestown, N. Y. ) ; and Horace, born in Skaneateles in 1789. Nathaniel, jr. , mar ried Susan White, granddaughter of Judge Hugh White, who, when a little girl of five or six years, was left by her grandfather with an old Indian chief as hostage to prove his faith and confidence in the Indian's word, an act which gave Judge White the confidence and respect of the red men as long as he lived, and which ever afterward was of great benefit to the early settlers of this region, to whom the chief remained true and steadfast. Sylvester married Mary Moss Hall, a relative of Judge Hall, President Fillmore's -partner, of Buffalo. He built on the east edge of the homestead in Skaneateles a tavern or stage house, which is still standing. He died in 1814, leaving his widow and two children. She afterwards married Noble Coe, of Skaneateles. Susannah married in 1803 Capt. Morris Loss, who was born in New Durham, Conn., in 1777, came to this town in 1802, and served as captain of militia at Sackett's Harbor in the War of 1812; he was a carpenter and builder, and died in July, 1853, from exhaustion consequent upon amputation of his leg, which was broken at a house he was building in Skaneateles. Their eldest daughter mar ried John L. Ripley, of Spafford, and their son, Richard E. Loss, is now living in Savannah, Wayne Co., 85 years old and nearly blind. Horace Eells, the youngest child of Nathaniel, sr. , married Asenath Newton and about 1830 moved to Batavia, N. Y., selling the homestead to Mr. Snook, an Englishman. It. was finally sold to Mr. Pardee. The Eells family came from a noted ancestry. John Eells emigrated from Barnstable, England, and settled in Dorchester, Fox Point, New Boston, about 1629, but later returned to England and served as an officer in Cromwell's army, dying in Barnstable. His son Samuel, born in Dorchester in 1639, returned 404 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. to America upon reaching his majority, was married in Lynn in 1663 to Ann, daugh ter of Rev. Robert Lenthall, first pastor of Weymouth, Mass., and settled in Hiug- ham. He was one of the company that moved from Dorchester to Windsor, Conn., with their pastor, Rev. Mr. Wareham; later he removed to Milford, Conn., and be came prominent in the affairs of the colony. He was also conspicuous in King Philip's war and entered vigorous protest against the sale of captive Indians to the Bermudas as slaves. He died April 21, 1709, at Hingham, Mass. Newcomb, George Milton, was born June 28, 1830, in Onondaga Y'alley; married, October 13, 1852, Susan P., daughter of Isaac C. and Merriette Pierce Allen; married second, in 1867, at Cicero, Josephine Haskell, daughter of John Haskell, a farmer of Cicero. George Milton Newcomb is a prominent farmer of the town of Cicero, where he has resided on the same farm for nearly fifty years. He has been in the sheep and dairy business most of his life. He has raised a family of seven children. He occupies a high position socially and has always maintained a high character for honorable and fair dealing. Issue: 1, Moses W., born Feb. 23, 1854; married, Jan. 15, 1880, Cora E. Dunham, daughter of Homer and Harriet Dunham of the town of Clay; had three children— Homer D., born Dec. 6, 1883; Belle E., born Sept. 21, 1886, died Jan. 29, 1888; Alva A., born Sept. 18, 1889, died Dec. 28, 1891. Moses W. Newcomb is a large dairy farmer of the town of Clay, and is a man of great energy and business capacity. 2, Asel F. , born April 3, 1857 ; married, June 6, 1895, Har riet G. Matson, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. O. E. Matson, prominent people of Caugh- denoy, Oswego county. Asel F. Newcomb is a successful merchant of North Syra cuse, where he has carried on business for many years. He is noted for his fine social qualities, strict integrity and attention to business. 3, Edward A. , born April 21, 1860; married, Sept. 13, 1889, Matie A. Reese, daughter of E. F. Reese, esq., a justice of the peace of the town of Clay; has two children: Gladys R., born Oct. 14, 1890 ; Mary Grace, born Sept. 19, 1892. Edward A. Newcomb has been in the mer cantile business in Syracuse for many years. He is a very popular and pleasing gentleman, of excellent habits and fine business qualities. He was for a long time a member of the choir of St. Paul's Episcopal church in said city. These three were the children of George W. Newcomb and Susan P. Newcomb, his first wife. 4, Ella V., born April 21, 1871; 5, George W., born April 14, 1874; 6, Eva B., born July 26, 1881 ; 7, Edith W., born June 21, 1884. Caldwell, William, Syracuse, was born in Albany, N. Y. Sept. 4, 1832, and moved to Central Square, Oswego Co., with his parents, at the age of five years. He was reared on a farm, attended the district schools, Mexico Academy, and the State Normal School at Albany, and followed farming until 1865, when he engaged in the wholesale wine and and liquor business in Syracuse, which he still continues under the firm name of Caldwell & Garlock. Mr. Caldwell is a prominent breeder of Hol- stein-Friesian cattle, is actively interested in the New York State Agricultural So ciety, owns a large stock farm at Central Square, and is a member of the Holstein- Friesian Association of America. He is also a prominent Mason, being a member of Central City Lodge, No. 305, F. & A. M., Central City Commandery, No. 25, K. T., and the Scottish Rite bodies, 32d degree. He is a member of the Masonic Vet erans Association, the A. O. U. W. , and the I. O. O. F. Weeks, Charles E. S. , Syracuse, senior member of the wholesale clothing firm of FAMILY SKETCHES. 405 Charles E. S. Weeks & Co., was born and reared in Boston, Mass., where he learned the clothing trade in the establishment of Isaac Fenner & Co., one of the oldest and wealthiest concerns of the kind in New England. He remained with them seventeen years, a part of the time being a partner in the firm. In 1887 he came to Syracuse and established the firm of Weeks, Woodhull & Co., located in South Clinton street, but after four years withdrew and started business for himself. His trade increased so rapidly that it became necessary to take in a partner, and in 1893 A. W. Webber, of this city, a practical man, purchased an interest under the present firm name of Charles E. S. Weeks & Co. Mr. Weeks has thus had a long experience in the man ufacture of clothing and is favorably known to the wholesale trade throughout the east and west. He has met with unvarying success, and the firm has acquired a constantly increasing business especially in New England and the Middle States. They manufacture a medium and fine line of goods, of superior fit and workmanship, which has made the firm popular and prosperous. They occupy the basement and four lofts of the Hogan block in West Fayette street, and employ directly and in directly a large force of operatives. Mr. Weeks is a member of the Citizens' Club and the Knights of Honor, and while in Boston served one year as a member of the Common Council. Downer, Ezra Pierce, was born in the town of North East, Pa., Jan. 7, 1816, and at the age of fourteen came to Port Gibson, N. Y. , where he entered the employ of L. C. Russell, his uncle. Soon afterward he came to Syracuse and entered the ser vice of Col. John Holland Johnson, at that time one of the owners of the New York and Oswego line of canal boats. In 1836 he was given charge of a boat and contin ued in the business for several years, spending his winters with Colonel Johnson, who owned a farm of 400 acres situated along West Onondaga street in the city. In 1842 he was made agent for Charles M. Reed's steamboat line on the great lakes, and served also as boat inspector for four years. In 1853 he became general ticket agent for the Michigan Southern and Northern Indiana (now the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern) railroad, his circuit covering the New England States, New York, and Montreal. Winters he spent south in the interests of his company. He was first an old line Whig, but ever since the dissolution of that party he has been an ardent Democrat, and for many years took an active part in local politics. With the exception of two terms as canal collector (1875 and 1876) he has never held public office. In 1839 he married Miss Katy, daughter of Luke Killmore, a pioneer of Syracuse, and for several years they resided on West Onondaga street, then known as the cinder road. Later he purchased and lived in a house opposite the place where the Florence now stands. In 1855 he bought the Downer property on the northwest corner of South Clinton and West Fayette streets, and since 1864 has re sided there. Cowie, William, Syracuse, was born in Brechin, Forfarshire, Scotland, Oct. 7, 1846, came to Syracuse in Jan. , 1865, and in Sept. of that year entered the county clerk's office as general clerk under Hon. Carroll E. Smith. He served as deputy to county clerks Edgar E. Ewers, Charles E. Hubbell, and Thomas H. Scott from 1870 to 1879, and in Nov., 1879, was elected clerk of Onondaga Co. for three years from Jan. 1, 1880, being succeeded by Gen. Gustavus Sniper, under whom he remained as search clerk about twelve months. He then resigned after a service of over 406 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. eighteen years in the clerk's office. Subsequently he engaged in the real estate business, which he still continues, his first partner being Henry F. Stephens, after wards for several years city clerk. In Feb., 1890, Mr. Cowie was elected mayor of Syracuse, and in that capacity served with ability and distinction. He is a'staunch Republican and one of the most enterprising of citizens. A true Scotchman, he is fond of poetry, an able and forcible writer, and a prominent cricketer. In 1870 he married Miss Sarah, daughter of Dr. Alexander Henderson, of this city, and they have one son, Alexander H., an attorney-at-law, and two daughters. McCarthy & Co., D., Syracuse. — This extensive mercantile establishment, the old est commercial enterprise in Syracuse, dates from 1807, when Thomas McCarthy settled in Salina and started a store on Free street in that village, then a mere ham let. He was both a merchant and a salt manufacturer, and also attained prominence in public affairs, being village trustee many years, member of assembly in 1843, and a director of the first bank there. In 1837 Dennis McCarthy, his son, who was born in Salina on March 19, 1814, succeeded to the management of the business and continued until 1846, when he moved it to Syracuse and began the successful mer cantile career which ended only with his death on February 15, 1886. He was first a Democrat and then a Republican, a staunch supporter of the Union cause during the Rebellion, member of the Legislature in 1845, mayor of the city in 1853, member of Congress from 1867 to 1871 State senator from 1876 to 1885, and very prominent in banking circles. In 1855 he began to job in dry goods and in 1876 the present wholesale block of D. McCarthy & Sons on the corner of West Washington and Clinton streets was erected at a cost of over $100,000. The retail department was continued under the style of D. McCarthy & Co. an the corner of South Salina and East Fayette streets, wherein April, 1894, a magnificent new building-was completed and formally opened to the public at an expense of $500,000. Both firms are man aged by his sons, David K. and Dennis McCarthy, and son-in-law, Dr. Thomas Emory. Seymour, Joseph, Sons & Co., Syracuse. — Joseph Seymour was born of English parentage near Albany, N. Y., September 17, 1815, and came to Syracuse in 1846, where he died April 9, 1887. Soon after his arrival in this city he became a member of the firm of Willard & Hawley in the manufacture of silverware, a business he carried on successfully until his death. A few years later, he assumed the sole pro prietorship of the concern, and subsequently took in his sons, Joseph, jr., and Edwin G. , as partners under the style of Joseph Seymour & Sons. In 1882 George F. Comstock, jr., was given an interest under the firm name of Joseph Seymour, Sons & Co., and about the same year the retail business of D. Valentine was pur chased. Mr. Seymour continued at the head of both establishments, but devoted his time to the manufactory, and at his death was the oldest silverware manufacturer in Central New York. In 1887 the entire business passed into the hands of his sons, Joseph, jr., Edwin G. Seymour, and G. F. Comstock, jr., who still continue it under the firm name, with Charles H. Seymour as manager of the factory. Mr. Seymour traveled extensively and was a wonderfully well read man. He visited nearly every State in the Union, and made three trips to Europe, in 1873, 1880, and 1884, traveling in England, Scotland, Ireland, France, Italy, Austria, etc. In Scotland he became a warm personal friend of Dr. Blaikie, of the University of Edinburgh, and was made a family sketches. 407 member of the Scotch social club, the Monks of St. Giles, an honor conferred upon but one other American, Longfellow, the poet. He was also an intimate friend of George Dobie, the celebrated poet of Edinburgh, and of many other noted men. He organized Onondaga Lodge No. 79, 1. O. O. F., the first Odd Fel lows' lodge in Syracuse, and was a prominent 32° Mason. A Republican in politics, he served one term as supervisor, and was one of the first organizers and supporters of the Park Central Presbyterian church. He was widely known and universally respected, and for forty years one of the foremost business men of Syracuse. He was married in Hartford, Conn., and his children are Mrs. George D. Cowles, Joseph, jr., Edwin G., and Charles H. Seymour. Pierce, Marsh C, Syracuse, was born in Syracuse, Feb. 19, 1848, son of the late Sylvester P. Pierce. He attended the public schools of his native city, and finished his education in Dr. Reed's school in Geneva, N. Y., where many other boys in Syracuse completed their studies. He entered his father's wholesale and retail crockery store as a clerk, subsequently became a partner, and continued there for ten years, part of the time as manager of the firm, which was styled S. P. Pierce & Sons. Not liking the business, he went to Colorado, but after two years returned to Syracuse and resumed his former position of manager of the crockery establishment. About 1887, in partnership with C. V. Kellogg, he purchased the Mackey Automatic Sprinkler Company, which he managed a year and a half. Four months later he became a member and second vice-president of the Pierce, Butler & Pierce Manufac turing Company, and for three years represented them on the road, introducing the Florida heater in all the large cities of the United States. Their trade prospered and Mr. Pierce became manager of the manufactory, which was located at Geneva, but which in 1892 was removed to Syracuse, and upon his father's death in 1894, was made vice-president of the firm, one of the largest concerns of the kind in the country. He scored a signal success during the great labor strike in the factory at Geneva in 1891, and won the approval of representative men everywhere for his able and triumphant management. Mr. Pierce is a 32° Mason, and has held important offices in all the Masonic bodies. He is also a member of the Century and Syracuse Clubs, and one of the leading business men of the city. Kline, Jay B., Syracuse, was born in Ithaca, N. Y. , Jan. 3, 1853, and received his preliminary education at the Ithaca Academy. After graduating as B. A. from Cornell University in 1874 he read law with Beers & Howard, of Ithaca, and was admitted to the bar at Albany in Jan., 1877. The same year he began the practice of his profession in his native city and continued there until the spring of 1882, when he formed a partnership with George W. Gray, as Gray & Kline. Afterward he practiced successively alone, as a member of the firm of Kline & Bailey, alone again, and with J. S. Ludington, as Kline & Ludington. Since May, 1894, he has been associated with Benjamin J. Shove, the present district attorney, as his assist ant. Mr. Kline has been a prominent factor in municipal politics. He was alder- of the Twelfth ward for two years, and at the Republican City Convention in the spring of 1894 was unanimously nominated for mayor, and although defeated, made a splendid record against the successful candidate, Jacob Amos, in the ensuing campaign, one of the hottest ever waged in Syracuse. He is now district attorney of Onondaga Co. As a lawyer he ranks among the foremost in the county. Oct. 25, 408 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1877, he married Jennie E. Seaman, of Ithaca, and they have four daughters: Alice Emma, Winnie Belle, Louise Seaman, and Mildred Ethel. Sweet, William A., Syracuse, son of Horace Sweet and Candace Avery, was born in Pompey, Onondaga Co., Oct. 12, 1830, and received a common school and academic education in his native town. Remaining on the paternal farm until 18 years of age he then learned the blacksmith's trade at Woodville, a little hamlet one and one-half miles south of Manlius village, and afterward carried on blacksmithing at Watervale till about 1853, when he came to Syracuse and engaged in manufactur ing guns in partnership with William Malcolm. Soon afterward he returned to Watervale and followed machine work about two years. On Oct. 1, 1858, he again came to Syracuse and with John E. and Avery A. Sweet and Charles E. Bates, a brother-in-law, organized the firm of Sweet Brothers & Co. They established a machine shop where Greenway's office now stands, and also manufactured agricul tural implements, tools, etc. In the fall of 1859 John E. Sweet and Mr. Bates with drew, and one year later the firm moved to the Fifth ward, took in William B. Cogs well as a partner, and established the Ceresian Cutter Works, and established and built the works now owned and operated by the Whitman & Barnes Manufacturing Company, and also the plant on the west side of South West street, now conducted by the Sweet's Manufacturing Company. In the fall of 1864 the firm of Sweet, Barnes & Co was incorporated, and at that time employed about 300 hands. Be tween 1860 and 1868 the works were enlarged to meet the constantly increasing business, which consisted of the manufacture of mowing machine knives, edged tools, etc. , which had been started in a small way before the removal. In March, 1868, W. A. Sweet sold out his interest in the establishment, taking what were known as the steel works, which he continued alone until October, when, with George W. Harwood, he formed the firm of W. A. Sweet & Co., which carried on the business until 1873, when the Sweet's Manufacturing Company was organized and incor porated, with Mr. Sweet as president and general manager, positions he has ever since held. The present capital is $500,000 and some 300 men are employed. The plant between South West street and the creek was built in 1884 and enlarged in 1893-95. This is the largest manufacturing concern of the kind in Central New York. Mr. Sweet was one of the incorporators and for ten years a director of the Solvay Process Company, and has been actively identified with various other enter prises. His personal connection with the Salmon River water project is well re membered, and to him in large measure is due the credit of keeping alive and strenuously forwarding the agitation which resulted in perfecting the constitutional rights of and securing the present municipal water system. He has also been specially active in promoting the movement for better roads, and was president of the New York State Road Improvement Association during its existence. In furthering each of these as well as many other public enterprises he has written and published numerous articles which have commanded wide attention. No man has been more alive to the advancement of the community. Public spirited, enter prising, and benevolent, he has ever been foremost in every project promising gen eral benefit. Durston, Rev. Alfred S., Syracuse, general secretary of the Young Men's Chris tian Association in Syracuse, was born in Somersetshire, England, May 1, 1848, be- FAMILY SKETCHES. 409 ing the youngest of seven children. His mother died when he was eleven months old and his father's death occurred about two years later, thus leaving him an orphan. He was soon afterward brought to America by two elder sisters and for a time found a home with his uncle, William Stokes, in Marcellus, Onondaga county, but was subsequently bound out to Corydon North, of that town, until he attained the age of twenty-one years. Here he worked on the farm summers and attended district school winters. He prepared for college at Munro Collegiate Institute in Elbridge and Cazenovia Seminary, and spent a short period as teacher and principal in the schools at Mexico, Ind., Cayuga, and Marcellus village. In* 1873 he entered Syracuse University, joined the Psi Upsilon fraternity, and was a member of the class of 1877. Choosing the ministry as his profession he filled pastorates in Syra cuse, Berlin, Mass., and Borodino, and in 1883 received a unanimous call to become general secretary of the Y. M. C. A. of Syracuse. The call was accepted, and since then Mr. Durston has consecrated himself to the work. He is an ardent Republican and an earnest Christian, a member of the Methodist church, and an able defender of the cause of total abstinence. As a member of the I. O. of G. T. he has been grand chaplain of this State for two terms. In 1891 he was sent as a delegate by the International Committee to the World's Convention of the Y. M. C. A., and also represented the American Association at Amsterdam, Holland, in August of that year. In 1894 he was a delegate to the World's Jubilee at London. November 22, 1887, he married Florence M., daughter of James W. Wilson, a prominent wholesale and retail dry goods merchant in Ogdensburg, N. Y. They have two children: Mary A. and James Alfred. Snow, Charles Wesley, Syracuse, second of twelve children of Hiram and Alidar Ann (Squier) Snow, was born in Peterboro, Madison Co., N. Y., March 11, 1835, and removed with the family to Messina Springs when an infant and thence to Syracuse in 1840, where the father died in 1854 and the mother in 1889. His education was obtained in the public schools of this city. On April 1, 1850, he became a clerk in the drug store of W. B. Tobey, in the old Granger block, and four years later was taken into partnership, an arrangement that continued until 1866, when the firm dis solved. Mr. Snow then opened a drug store at old No. 28 East Genesee street, where he established his present wholesale and retail business, and where he re mained with unvarying success for twenty-two years, purchasing the block and sub stantially rebuilding it. In 1888 he completed his present lofty brick and iron fire proof building in Warren street, and there the firm of C. W. Snow & Co. has since carried on an extensive wholesale and retail drug trade. He has been a director in the First National Bank since 1887, is a trustee in the Onondaga County Savings Bank, a member and trustee of the Unitarian church, and for many years has been prominently connected with various benevolent and charitable institutions. Oct. 20, 1863, he married Miss Harriet L., only daughter of Dr. Nelson C. Powers, and they have two children: Nelson P., born Dec 9, 1868, and Carrie L., born Oct. 15, 1874. Freeman, Hoyt H., Syracuse, isa native of the First ward of Syracuse and was born Aug. 3, 1841. Albert F'reeman, his father, was born in the town of Sturbridge, Worcester Co., Mass., April 10, 1809, was in early life a school teacher, and came from Massachusetts to St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., and thence to Syracuse, where he became one of the earliest salt manufacturers, "a business he continued until his death in 410 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1886, at the age of 76. He married Sarah A. Johnson Feb, 3, 1839, and they had seven children: Florence (Mrs. Adelbert Hills), matron of the Onondaga County Orphan Asylum; Hoyt H., and Sarah A. (Mrs. N. S. Robens), of Syracuse; Estella (Mrs. William Ranney), deceased; two who died in infancy; and Horace P., of this city. Hoyt H. Freeman, after attending the public schools of Syracuse, began ac tive life as a dealer in grain and salt during the Rebellion. He has always been identified with the salt industry, especially with its manufacture, and in recent years has been the only person in the city to make and sell fine salt outside of the salt companies. For about twelve years he has been associated with H. H. Loomis, as Freeman & Loomis, in the manufacture of willow clothes baskets. He was one of the originators of the old Kirkpatrick Association, which was formed for the purpose of buying and selling real estate in the First ward. In politics Mr. Freeman has long been a prominent and an active Republican. He was supervisor of the First ward in 1879 and 1880 and alderman in 1884, and was appointed by Mayor Cowie the first commissioner of public works, under a new law creating that office, and held the position two years. In December, 1895, was appointed fire marshal by Mayor Amos for a term of four years. He has been Republican County Committee man from the First ward for the past ten years, and was chairman of that committee in 1888, when President Harrison was elected, and in 1894, when Levi P. Morton was elected governor of the State. He was president of the First Ward Social club during the second year of its existence, has been president of the Board of Trustees of the First Ward Presbyterian church for twelve years, and was one of the incorpo rators of the North Side Business Men's Association, of which he is secretary and treasurer. In Feb., 1867, he married Irene C, daughter of the late Henry T. Kennedy, brother of Judge Kennedy, who died in March, 1887. Their children were Elizabeth K., a graduate of Miss Brown's school in New York; Florence I., a gradu ate of Miss Brown's school in Cleveland, Ohio; and Norman E. and Julia B., stu dents at Keble School in Syracuse. His second wife was Emma A. , daughter of Miles Brown of this city, who died ten weeks after their marriage. Dec. 4, 1894, he married (third) Marian M. Campbell, a native of Toronto, Canada, and for about fourteen years assistant matron of the Onondaga County Orphan Asylum in Syra cuse. Nettleton, Albert E. , Syracuse, born in Fulton, Oswego Co. , Oct. 29, 1850, is a son of Edward Nettleton, who about 1837 established one of the first boot and shoe stores in that village, and who died in 1864, being succeeded by his sons Franklin E. and Samuel W. He was graduated from Falley Seminary in Fulton in 1869, and then became a clerk in the above store, of which another brother, Augustus C. , finally assumed proprietorship. In 1872 Mr. Nettleton succeeded the latter, and still con tinues the business. He also had a shoe store in Cazenovia from 1875 to 1881 and another in Lyons from 1881 to 1884. He came to Syracuse in 1879 and purchased the boot and shoe factory of James R. Barrett, and later formed a partnership with W. A. Hill under the firm name of A. E. Nettleton & Co. In Jan., 1894, he became sole proprietor. He employs about 150 hands, manufactures men's fine shoes, and maintains a trade extending throughout the United States. He has been director of the Paragon Plaster Company since its organization in 1888, and of the Industrial Benefit Association since 1890, a director in the Empire Savings and Loan Associa- FAMILY SKETCHES. 411 tion since April, 1892, president of the Fulton Paper Company since Nov., 1893, and trustee of the People's Savings and Loan Association since Jan., 1895. He is also a director in the Bank of Syracuse, and is heavily interested in various other enter prises. Smith, Frederick W., M. D., Syracuse, was born in the town of Lisle, Broome Co., N. Y., Aug. 24, 1858, and spent his early life; on a farm. When he was fourteen years of age his parents died, and he was suddenly thrown upon his own resources. He remained on the farm and attended school as opportunity afforded, and was graduated from the High School of his native town. Manifesting a special liking for medicine as a profession he entered the University Medical College of the city of New York, and was graduated from that institution with the degree of M. D. on March 4, 1881. In June of the same year he came to Syracuse as demonstrator of anatomy in the Syracuse Medical College, but two years later resigned to devote his whole time to the practice of his profession, in which he has since continued with marked success. A Republican in politics, he was coroner of the county from 1889 to 1891, and in 1892 was appointed a member of the Board of Health by Mayor Jacob Amos. In July, 1895, Governor Morton appointed him a commissioner of the State Board of Health to succeed Dr. Florince O. Donohue, whose term of office had ex pired. Dr. Smith is one of the leading physicians and sanitarians in Central New York. He is a member of the Onondaga County Medical Society, the Syracuse Acad emy of Medicine ; of Central City Lodge, No. 305, F. & A. M. ; of Syracuse City Lodge, K. of P. ; and of Syracuse Lodge, No. 109, I. O. O. F., and of Plymouth Con gregational church. Tracy, Osgood V., Syracuse, second son of James G. and Sarah (Osgood) Tracy, was born in Syracuse on June 25, 1840, and has practically been a lifelong resident of this city. His father, a native of Norwich, Conn., moved to Albany, N. Y., where he married, and came thence to Syracuse about 1834, where he died in 1850, aged 70; his widow is still living at the age of 91. Their children were James G., jr., Osgood Y'., William G., and Edward (died aged six years). Joseph Vose, the grand father of Mrs. J. G. Tracy, served as colonel of the 1st Massachusetts Regiment during the Revolutionary war, being most of the time in Lafayette's division. The subject of this sketch was graduated with the first class from the Syracuse High School in 1856 and then spent one year in Albany Academy. After clerking in the Binghamton railroad general office in Syracuse and for E. R. Holden, coal dealer, he enlisted on Aug. 28, 1862, in Co. I, 122d N. Y. Vol. Inf., was, made sergeant- major before leaving Syracuse, and served until discharged in July, 1865. He was successively promoted second lieutenant, first lieutenant and adjutant, and captain, was brevetted major for meritorious services in the Shenandoah Campaign, and lieutenant-colonel for gallant services during the closing campaign of the war, and served as inspector-general of the third division, sixth army corps. Army of the Po tomac, during the last year of the Rebellion. At the battle of the Wilderness he was taken prisoner, but escaped from Lynchburg, Va., and walked to Harper's Ferry. Returning to Syracuse he entered the employ of C. C. Loomis & Co., wholesale dealers in coffees and spices, and in 1867 became a member of the firm. In 1870 the name was changed to Ostrander, Loomis & Co. , and in 1885 Mr. Tracy became sole proprietor. In 1893 his son, Charles Sedgwick Tracy, and John Hurst, who had 412 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. been special partners since 1885, were admitted under the style of O. V. Tracy & Co. Mr. Tracy has been secretary of the Solvay Process Co. since its organization, and is a member of the Loyal Legion and Root Post G. A. R. June 19, 1867, he married Miss Ellen, daughter of Hon. Charles B. Sedgwick, of Syracuse. They have four sons: Charles Sedgwick Tracy, a graduate of Cornell University, class of 1891 ; James Grant and Lyndon Sanford Tracy, students in Cornell, class of 1897; and Frank Sedgwick Tracy, enters Cornell in 1896. Barry, James A., Syracuse, was born in Westford, Mass., July 18, 1849, was ed ucated in the public schools of Harvard, Mass., and became a clerk in a retail dry goods establishment in Clinton and Worcester, Mass., after which he was associated with a wholesale woolen house in Boston for eleven and one half years. In 1878 he engaged in the hotel business as proprietor of The Highland in Belchertown, Mass. Following this he was successfully proprietor of the Messenger House in Cortland, N. Y., the Mansion House in Greenfield, Mass., the Osborn at Auburn, N. Y., the Edison at Schenectady, and others. May 1, 1893, he came to Syracuse as manager of the Vanderbilt House for the Vanderbilt Hotel Co., in which he was a director and one of the heaviest stockholders. December 14th of that year he purchased the company's interest in that famous hostelry and has since continued as its proprietor. Mr. Barry is one of the best known and most popular landlords in the State, and has a long practical experience, which enables him to successfully cater to the demands of the traveling public. He is a 32d degree Mason and a member of Central City Lodge, F. & A. M., and a charter member of the Commercial Travelers' and the New York State Hotel-Keepers' Association. Fowler, Elisha S., Syracuse, was born Nov. 3, 1830, in Jacksonville, Tompkins Co., N. Y. At the age of thirteen, he removed with his parents to Huron Co., O., where, after a somewhat rough experience in the then wilderness, on a new farm, he spent some years at an academy in Fitchville under the instruction of Daniel F. De Wolf, later superintendent of public instruction of the State of Ohio. In the spring of 1849 he returned to this State, and on the 1st day of Sept., 1852, came to Syracuse, where he has since made his permanent residence. With the exception of the first two years he has been engaged in the wholesale millinery business, for twenty years as the senior member of the firm of Fowler & Lyons, and later of the firm of Fowler & Hovey. In religion Mr. Fowler is a Congregationalist, and in pol itics a lifelong Republican. He is a member and at present one of the deacons of Plymouth church. He has had experiences in his business life that to a man with less perseverance might have been disastrous. One evening in the fall of 1865, after having gone to his home, he was decoyed by a note to his place of business, where he was assaulted, presumably for the purpose of robbery, which came near resulting fatally, and about one year from that time the perpetrator was more successful, as his safe was robbed of about $10,000 in Government bonds and other securities. While the evidence was not sufficient for conviction, the circumstances pointed clearly to the guilty party. Mr. Fowler's grandfather, Stephen Fowler, son of Caleb, of Putnam Co., came from the town of South East, N. Y., with his son, Stephen, jr., in 1806, and settled on the shore of Cayuga Lake in Ulysses, Tompkins Co. The wife of Stephen, sr., was Betsey Tompkins. Stephen Fowler, jr., father of Elisha S., married a daughter of Elisha and Elizabeth (Penfield) Savage, of Otsego Co., N. FAMILY SKETCHES. 413 Y., July 8, 1857, Elisha S. Fowler married Emeline C. Wood, of De Ruyter, N. Y., a lineal descendant of Thomas Wood, who landed with the Pilgrims from the ship Mayflower on Plymouth Rock in 1620, and who had seven sons and four daughters, the former being John, born in 1656; Thomas, jr., born in 1658; Joshua, born in 1664; Samuel born in 1666; Solomon, born in 1670; Ebenezer, sr., born in 1671; and James, born in 1674. Her lineage is through Ebenezer Wood, sr., Ebenezer, jr., Stephen, sr. , (born Nov. 9, 1730), Stephen, jr. , (born Jan. 26, 1763), Levi, (born April 20, 1778), and Lysanias, her father, (born Aug. 27, 1809). Mr. and Mrs. Fowler have one son, Clifford W., and a daughter, Emma Eva. Burt, Henry, Syracuse, born in Sandas, County Kent, England, March 28, 1824, came with his wife and three children to America in 1852, landing in New York on November 10th. The same year he settled in Syracuse, where he has since resided, being continuously engaged in farming and gardening, a business he began in his native country at the age of seven. He is a self educated and self made man, and has long been one of the leading gardeners in Onondaga Co. He owned at one time twenty-nine and a half acres of land in the city near where he resides, and also eight acres along South Avenue, where an old mill race formerly ran. For several years he has combined gardening with floral culture, and now owns twelve greenhouses, for which he invented a boiler for heating by hot water. Nov. 10, 1842, Mr. Burt married Harriet, daughter of William Barnes, brickmaker of England, and their children were Caroline (Mrs. Thomas Pankust), who died in Syracuse in 1865, leaving two daughters. Mrs. Stephen Burns and Mrs. George Glahn ; Alfred, of Syracuse ; Henry, jr., who died on the ocean in 1852; and Albert and Louisa (Mrs. Philip Light) of Syracuse. Mr. Burt is one of the city's oldest and most respected residents. Hazard, Frederick Rowland, Syracuse, son of Rowland Hazard, of Peace Dale, R. I., and Margaret Rood, his wife, of Philadelphia, was born in Peace Dale on June 14, 1858, and was graduated from Brown University in 1881. He then spent two years in the woolen mills of his native town, and in the fall of 1883 entered the em ploy of the Solvay Process Company, of Syracuse, of which his father has always been president, and in Sept. of that year he sailed for Europe, intending to make himself familiar with the manufacture of soda products, and studied for nine months in the works of Solvay & Cie at Dombasle, France. In May, 1884, he returned to America and entered upon his duties as assistant treasurer of the immense corpora tion in Syracuse, where he has since resided. In June, 1887, he was promoted to his present position of treasurer. He has also been treasurer of the Tully Pipe Line and Split Rock Cable Road Companies since their organization, and has been president of the Syracuse Athletic Association since its formation. He is aprominent member of the Citizens Club and is active in various other enterprises. He was elected the first president of Solvay village May 15, 1894. May 29, 1886, he married Miss Dora G., youngest daughter of the late Charles B. Sedgwick, of Syracuse. They have three daughters and two sons. Blodgett, Frank H., Syracuse, son of Barton B. and Eliza Jane (Noyse) Blodgett, was born in Syracuse on Aug. 14, 1849. His parents came here from near Albany, N. Y., about 1840. The mother died in 1887. Barton B. first kept a tavern on the road to Centerville and afterward had a bakery in " Robber's Row " in the city for several years. Frank H. Blodgett received a public school education, and about 1870 414 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. opened a bakery in the Downer block. Some two years later he moved into the Hotel Burns building and in 1887 removed to his present location in South Clinton street. Mr. Blodgett's is one of the best known bakeries in Central New York. Starting with scarcely any capital he has steadily forged ahead and built up a trade which rivals any similar enterprise ever conducted in the city. He has been a trus tee of the University Avenue M. E. church since 1893, and is actively interested in all movements promising general advancement. ' Quinlan, Patrick R., Syracuse, son of William and Mary Quinlan, was born in County Tipperary, Ireland, April 6, 1846, and came to America with his parents in Oct., 1857, settling in Syracuse, where he completed his education in the public schools. He spent one year in the employ of Cowles & Warren, proprietors of the Highland nurseries, and another year with Frazer & Burns, silver platers. He then returned to his former employers and remained three years, and in 1862 entered the employ of the late William Brown Smith, for whom he soon became foreman of nurseries and later superintendent of the floral department. In 1886 he purchased of Smiths & Powell a half interest in the floral business under the firm name of P. R. Quinlan & Co. , which still continues. Mr. Quinlan is also interested in various other enterprises. He has always been a staunch Republican. He was appointed a mem ber of the Board of Health by Mayor W. B. Burns and after serving one year re signed to accept a seat in the Common Council, to which he had been elected from the Third ward. He served in that capacity two years. He was appointed treas urer of the city under Mayor Amos's first administration and ably filled that office for three years. He has held all the chairs in the C. M. B. A. and A. O. H. and is also a member of the Elks. July 16, 1875, he married Miss Jessie Winkworth, a na tive of Syracuse, "and a daughter of David Winkworth, who was born in Kent, Eng- gland, and was one of the noted cricket players of this county. Of their children two died in infancy; Agnes Mary died at the age of 15; and Mary Agnes and Jessie Gertrude are living. Mead, William H., Syracuse, was born in Fultonville, Montgomery Co., March 13, 1826. His earliest business was as a clerk in his father's coal office in that village, in which he became a partner. In 1859 he went to New Y'ork as a clerk in the old Westchester House on the corner of Broome street and the Bowery, where he re mained three years, when he engaged in lightering coal from Trenton to Albany and Troy. In 1871 he returned to Fultonville and purchased his father's coal business, which he continued until 1877, when he came to Syracuse. He was with the D., L. & W. R. R. Co. for fourteen years, and in 1891 established his present real estate business. In all these various enterprises he was eminently successful. In 1865 he was married to Miss Henrietta O. Lansing, of Albany Co. Newell, James E., Syracuse, was born in Davenport, N. Y., Oct. 22, 1859, attended Fergusonville Academy, was graduated from Colgate Academy in 1882 and from Madison (now Colgate) University in 1886, began the study of law in Syracuse with Waters & McLennan the same year, and was admitted to the bar at the Utica gen eral term in Feb., 1889. He practiced his profession in the office of Hogan & Sterns until Feb. 1, 1890, with Charles E. Ide till Feb., 1892, alone till May, 1893, and since with Hon. Levi S. Chapman. He has been commissioner of deeds and is now a notary public. FAMILY SKETCHES. 415 Reuben Wood's Sons Company, Syracuse. — Perhaps no resident of Central New York ever acquired the reputation which Reuben Wood enjoyed as an angler and outdoor sportsman. He traced his lineage back for 200 years to Dr. Samuel Wood, of Manchester, England, who came to America and settled in Boston in 1699. Reu ben Wood came from Pittsfield, Mass., and located in Syracuse in 1850, and two years later founded the business which became so widely known, and which has been continued uninterruptedly to the present time. He was an enthusiastic out door sportsman and an angler of wide renown. He was sent to the International Fisheries Exhibit at London by Congress as one of the commissioners from the Smithsonian Institution in charge of the American exhibit, and while there won sev eral first prizes at the international fly casting tournament. In this sport he was long a leader in America. His two sons, George B. and Charles W., who succeeded to the business, have acquired a reputation almost equal to that of their illustrious father, and from early youth have been identified with outdoor sports. George B. Wood was born in Syracuse May 7, 1853, was educated in the public schools of the city, and at once entered upon the commercial career marked out by his father. In this business he has won an honorable position, and it is largely due to his efforts and enterprise that an immense trade has been successfully established and main tained. He is chairman of the Onondaga Anglers' Association, and prominent in fraternal and military organizations. Charles W. Wood, the junior member of the firm, was born in this city July 15, 1860, was graduated from Williams College in 1884, and at once entered upon his business career. He is a member of the Business Men's Association and of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, and Chapter of the Masonic fraternity, and for five years was vice-consul of the New York State division L. A. W. In 1884 the firm of Reuben Wood's Sons was organized, and in 1894 it was succeeded by the present concern, Reuben Wood's Sons' Company. Russell, Archimedes, Syracuse, architect, son of Moody and Fanny (Wardwell) Russell, natives respectively of Alfred, Me., and Andover, Mass., and descendants of members of Plymouth Colony, of Massachusetts Bay, was born in Andover, Mass., June 13, 1840, and when thirteen was apprenticed to Charles S. Parker, a carriage and sign painter. After two years he joined his father, an extensive contractor and builder, attended school in his native town, and just before reaching his majority entered the architectural office of John Stevens, of Boston. Dec. 4, 1862, he came to Syracuse and entered the employ of that well known architect, Horatio N. White, with whom he remained until Jan. 1, 1868, since which time he has actively practiced , his profession alone, acquiring a foremost position as an able and talented architect. He designed the Onondaga County Clerk's, Snow, and Greyhound buildings, Con gress Hall, Church of Assumption School, House of Providence, Crouse Memorial College, Third National Bank, Crouse stable, and the dwellings of Jacob Amos, H. S. White, Dr. G. D. Whedon, J. S. Crouse, L. S. Denison, and others in Syracuse; the Sibley and McGraw buildings of Cornell University ; the Presbyterian church and Mr. D. H. Burreli's residence, Little Falls; Warner Miller's mansion, Herkimer; Devereaux building, Oneida; ' Second National Bank, Oswego; Otsego county court house; Cortland House, Cortland; and scores of others of equal note. He was fire commissioner from 1881 to 1885, and president of the board in 1884-85, and super visor from the Seventh ward in 1884, 1886, and 1887. In politics he is a Republican. June 30, 1864, he married Susie M. Bartlett, of Boston. 416 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Ryder, Philip S., Syracuse, was born in Ithaca, N. Y., April 7, 1837, and received his education in his native city. When twenty-one years of age he went west and made a close study of photography, in all its departments, in Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis, and then came to Syracuse, where for upwards of thirty years his name has been synonymous with all that pertains to the higher branches of the art. He is one of the leading photographers in Central New Y'ork. But outside his pro fession Mr. Ryder is equally prominent, being connected with various enterprises, and taking a deep interest in public matters. He has long been interested in beauti fying and adorning Oakwood cemetery. He was for five years president of the Cen tral City Building and Loan Association, and for seven years has served as supreme commander of the Knights of S. F. I., to which position he has recently been elected for another term of three years. In politics he has been an active Democrat, and for several years was president of the Board of Police Commissioners, and has also re ceived nominations for various responsible offices. He is a member of Central City Lodge No. 305, F. & A. M., Americus Lodge No. 607, I. O. O. F., the Knights of Pythias, the Citizens Club, and the Syracuse Athletic Association. Aug. 11, 1855, he married Miss Olive A. Patterson, a lady of great intellectuality and remarkable fine presence. They have had two sons, Henry W. and John H., both deceased. Snow, Orrin J., Syracuse, junior member of the wholesale and retail drug firm of C. W. Snow & Co., and son of Hiram and Alida Ann (Squier) Snow, was born in Syracuse on May 7, 1850. Receiving his education in the public and High Schools of this city he became in 1870 a clerk in the drug store of C. W. Snow &- Co., and three years later was admitted to the firm. He was president of the Century Cycling Club for three years, and has been a director of the Business Men's Association for two years. In Feb. , 1877, he married Lilian B. , daughter of L. A. Swarthout, of Syracuse, and they have two sons: Roscoe Kent and Leslie Dunlap, aged respective ly seventeen and fifteen. Murray, John J. , Syracuse, was born in Syracuse, where he has always resided, March 25, 1862. His father, John, came from Ireland by way of Montreal, and set tled in this city in Aug., 1847, being seven weeks making the journey. The son was graduated from Syracuse High School in 1878, attended Power's Stenographic Insti tute in Rochester, and in 1884 became a clerk for Forbes & Abbott, stock brokers, with whom he remained until that firm was dissolved in 1886. He. was then cashier for Fredericks & Co. and became a partner of Burnet Forbes & Co., who afterward bought out Fredericks & Co. In 1891, when that business was closed up, he was made superintendent of the Syracuse Brewing Co., a position he held until March, 1893, when, on July 10, he was appointed superintendent of the registry department of the Syracuse post-office. He was elected alderman of the Seventh ward in 1891 and 1892, and of the Ninteenth ward in 1893, 1894, and 1895, being a member of sev eral importaut committees. He was deputy county clerk under John J. Hallock, was recording secretary of Branch 68, C. M. B. A., for three years, and is now treas urer of Division No. 3, A. O. H., and esteemed leading knight of Syracuse Lodge, No. 31, B. P. O. E. In 1886 he married Catherine A., daughter of the late William Connor, of Syracuse. Hawkins, Edward T., Syracuse, is a son of Joseph Hawkins, and was born in Wheatland, N. Y., Aug. 12, 1843. Educated in his native county (Monroe) he be- FAMILY SKETCHES. 417 came a clerk in a hat store in Rochester, and in 1864 came to Syracuse as a clerk for Hodge & Stevens, who were succeeded by George Stevens. In 1872. with Maj. Theodore L. Poole, Poole & Hawkins, he started a general hat and fur business, and in 1876 became sole owner; in 1877 the well known firm of Hawkins & Goodrich (Ira O. G.) was formed, and continued eleven years. During the next three years he con ducted business alone, and in 18'dl W. E. Blumer (q. v.) was admitted to partnership under the name of Hawkins &: Blumer. The carry on one of the largest fur estab lishments between New Y'ork and Buffalo. In 1883 Mr. Hawkins married Hattie M.. daughter of Hiram Bronson, of Marcellus. They have two children: Bronson Hiram and Edward Ruszits. Kimman. Edward J., Syracuse, son of Conrad, was born in Syracuse, Feb. 17. 1861. Conrad Kimman, a native of Germany, came to America and settled in Herk imer Co.. N. Y. , in 184S. and moved thence to Syracuse in 1853. where he died in Jan., 1888. He was a gardener by occupation, and his wife was Mary Bolte. Their children were Allen K.. Edward J., Henry C, and Fred G., all of Syracuse, and four who died :n infancy. Edward J. Kimman began life as an apprentice at the harnessmaker' s trade with Rodman Reed, with whom he continued for five years. He then entered the employ of Charles T. Schieldt. who died in Feb., 1889. when he purchased the business on the corner of James and Warren streets, and has since continued it, manufacturing all kinds of harness and dealing in supplies for the stable. He is past grand of the I. O. O. F. and a member of the K. P. Manufacturers' Supp'.v and Tool Company, The, Syracuse, had its inception in the Manufacturers' Sudp'.v Company, which was organized in Dec. 1893, by Charles Manz, and established business as general dealers in manufacturers' supplies, tools. machinery, etc The latter was succeeded by the first named concern, which was incorporated Feb. 22. 1895. with a capital of of 810.000, and with C. A. Manz, presi dent; H. E. Manz, treasurer; and Charles Manz, secretary and treasurer. The business, which has grown from a small beginning, now extends over the entire State of New Y'ork west of Amsterdam, and is already one of the important factors in the commercial prosperity of Syracuse. West, Dennison S.. Clay, was born in Clay, Aug. 7. 1825. son of David and Mary West, who were originally from Connecticut and came to this county before the war of 1812. The father was a cooper by trade, and died at the age of 44. Our subject is one of twelve children. He has been a farmer until a few years ago, when he sold the farm and now lives retired. In 1S51 he married Anna Duffany, and they have one son, Morrell C, who read law in Syracuse with A. L. Johnson, was admitted to the bar in Syr acuse. and is now located in Syracuse. Neb. Kneeland, Dr. Jonathan, Onondaga, was born Feb. 10. 1812. in a log cabin in the town of Marcellus, between Skaneateles and Otisco Lakes. His father, Warren Kneeland, born in Connecticut in 1771, was a country schoolmaster for twenty-seven years, teaching winters chiefly in Saratoga and Onondaga counties. Jonathan is the fifth in descent from Edward Kneeland, who came to " Boston Bay" from Scot land in 1732 and left in Haddam, Conn., five children: Deacon John K., Warren (above mentioned), Asa, Amasa, and one other. Amasa died in Marcellus in 1 845. He came to this county about 1797 and was the father of Hon. Samuel Stillman 418 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Kneeland, of Skaneateles, who was born in April, 1811. Deacon John K. was an architect and builder, while Asa followed farming, teaching, and tanning. Both reared large families, and after living here many years went west, where their chil dren are well-known citizens. Warren came to Pompey from Saratoga Co. in 1798 to teach in a log school house which the Sweets, Hiscocks, and others erected for the purpose. Dr. Jonathan was a precocious youth, devouring everything he could find in the way of literature. When eleven years of age he became a student in medicine;-' under Dr. Jeremiah Bumpus Whiting, of Sempronius, Cayuga Co., but soon returned to his father's log house. When sixteen he again left home, this time without leave, and attended district, select, and academic schools. He now weighed ninety pounds. He taught two winter terms of school, of four and five months each, and experienced all the questionable delights of " boardin' 'round." When eighteen he entered Lane Seminary in Ohio, and after teaching for a time entered the colle giate department under Dr. Lyman Beecher. Here after faithfully nursing his schoolmates through the disease he suffered an attack of Asiatic cholera, which left him an invalid for nine years. Fighting bravely through his weakness and ill health, however, he continued to pursue his medical studies, and in 1862 was licensed by the Onondaga County Medical Society as a physician. He then opened an office in Vesper, a little village in the town of Tully, but in 1843 removed to Thorn Hill in Marcellus, where he was married on Feb. 7, 1845, to Miss Miriam, only daughter of Moses Martin Dwelle, of Onondaga. After several years' practice there he settled in South Onondaga, where he has since resided. Dr. Kneeland's children, all born at Thorn Hill, were Frank Joel, born in Dec, 1845, who has been for thirteen years an active business man in Fergus Falls, Minn.; Martin Dwelle, D.D., born Sept. 24, 1848, pastor of the Roxbury Presbyterian church, Boston, Mass. ; and Stella, born Feb. 20, 1854, wife of Fred Colburn Eddy, of Syracuse. In 1854 the New Y'ork State Medical Society conferred upon Dr. Kneeland the degree of M. D. and in 1856 he received a similar honor from the Regents. These honors came entirely unsought, but were conferred for well-known merit. During his extensive and successful prac tice, coveing a period of about fifty years, Dr. Kneeland sought to keep abreast with the best men in his profession, not only by constant study, but by attending lectures in both Philadelphia and New York city, and by service in hospitals and dispensaries, as well as by faithful attendance at the various county, State and national medical societies to which he belonged. He was a delegate to the State Medical Society for four years and an active member for twenty years, and has been for thirty-six years a member of the American Medical Society. He has contributed to various medical journals ; some of his writings having been published in magazines in other countries, attracting wide attention. He had filled various offices of trust and honor, with scrupulous integrity. He served as coroner eighteen years, as superintendent of the Onondaga Indian school twenty- five years, and as physician to the Onondaga In dians ten years. As a volunteer surgeon in the Civil war he did valiant work in the Special Corps, and his services were appreciated and honored. His career is strewn with acts of kindness, with numerous warm, admiring friends, and with no enemies. His has ever been a profitable life, filled with deeds imperishable, and graced by that precious attribute — an approving conscience. Wolcott & West, Syracuse. The firm of Wolcott & West, booksellers, publishers, Stationers, and engravers, was formed in Jan., 1883, and succeeded to the business FAMILY SKETCHES. 419 of Wolcott & Greenway. It consists of Clarence E. Wolcott and Orlando C. West. In 1888 the firm purchased of Henry Ivison, a nephew of the senior partner of Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor & Co., the well-known school book publishers of New Y'ork city, the oldest bookstore in Central New York, located in Auburn. In June, 1895, they also purchased the book room connected with Wells College in Aurora, making it a branch of their Auburn store. Thus the firm has built up a large and successful business, divided into three distinct establishments, the principal one being in Syra cuse. Irving S. Colwell is their manager in Auburn. Clarence E. Wolcott was born in Byron, Mich., Jan. 3, 1858, and is a son of Oliver Cromwell Wolcott, whose father was Oliver E. The latter was a son of Oliver Wol cott, LL.D., of Connecticut, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, a member of the Council of the State twelve years, major-general of militia, judge of the Court of Common Pleas and of Probate, member of the first Continental Congress, a brig adier-general in the Revolutionary army, lieutenant-governor of Connecticut for ten years, and subsequently governor. The Wolcott family are noted in the history of that State, and for generations have filled conspicuous positions in civil and pro fessional affairs. Clarence E. YVolcott, when six years old, came with his parents to Syracuse and was educated in the public and high schools of this city, graduating from the latter with high honors in 1876. He was then for five years a salesman in the bookstore of T. W. Durston & Co. In 1881 he purchased the interest of Robert H. Davis, of the firm of Davis & Greenway, booksellers where Wolcott & West now are, and with George B. Greenway formed a copartnership styled Wolcott & Greenway. This continued until Jan., 1883, when Orlando C. West succeeded to Mr. Greenway's interest and the firm became Wolcott & West. Mr. Wolcott is a member of the Citizens Club and of the Central Baptist church. Orlando C. West, son of Harvey, grandson of Captain Mason, and great-grandson of John West, was born in Fairfield, Herkimer Co., Jan. 11. 1845. His grandfather was a sailing master along the Atlantic coast and died in 1859 at the age of nearly ninety years. The family is of old New England stock. Mr. West was educated in the public schools and seminary of his native village and finished with a course in commercial law and bookkeeping. After teaching school a short time he became a clerk in a dry goods store in Little Falls, N. Y., where he remained for three years. In 1867 he came to Syracuse as cashier and bookkeeper for Bennett Brothers, dry goods dealers, and three years later entered the employ of Van Duzer & Co., whole sale druggists of New York city, with whom he remained eleven years. Returning to Syracuse in 1880 he became cashier for Bradley & Co. and continued in that capacity twelve years to a day. In Jan., 1883, he also became a member of the pres ent firm of Wolcott & West, and since Dec, 1892, has been financial manager of the Onondaga Whisk Broom Works. Mr. West is the author and publisher of West's Original Entry Ledger, which finds ready sale, not only throughout this country, but in all of the principal busines centers of the world. He has been prominently and officially connected with the First Baptist church of Syracuse for many years, serv ing as trustee, deacon, and Sunday school superintendent. King, Charles W., Syracuse, son of John and Hannah (Finch) King, was born at Sand Lake', Rensselaer Co., Aug. 28, 1836, was educated there and reared in the lumber business, and moved with his parents to Parma Corners, Monroe Co. , where 420 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. he soon engaged in the ice trade, selling his ice in Rochester until about 1883 ; since that time he has been mainly a hotel keeper. He had the Gillson H use in Newark, N. Y., for two years, the Windsor House in Binghamton for one year, the Waverly House in Rochester in 1882, and the Windsor Hotel in Homer for three years. He then traveled in New England for three years, and in March, 1894, came to Syracuse, where his family had resided since 1891, as proprietor of the Revere House. Mr. King is a member of the I. O. O. F., and of the K. P. Dec. 6, 1868, he married Susan, daughter of John Snyder, of Parma, N. Y. , and they have one son, Robert W. Hayden, Daniel E., Syracuse, traces his ancestry to William Heydon, who arrived in New England from Plymouth, England, June 30, 1630. In 1640 he settled at Windsor, Conn. A well authenticated genealogy carries the line back to Thomas de Heydon, of Heydon in South Epingham, justice itinerant in the reign of Henry III, 1221. The office of "justice in Eyre" was a commission held directly from the king, having appellate jurisdiction of superior cases. One of the five provisions of Magna Charta, signed by King John in 1215, was that " such local justices should be ap pointed in the counties." Thomas de Heydon was therefore the first judge in Nor folk appointed under Magna Charta. The great-great-grandfather of Daniel E. was Allyn Heydon (seventh in line from William), a Revolutionary soldier whose com mission (now in the possession of the subject of this sketch) was signed by Matthew Griswold, of Connecticut. On his paternal mother's side was Gen. Jabez Castle, of early Pompey history ; on his own mother's side were the Conklins of early Long Island, from whom the late Hon. Roscoe Conkling, of Utica, descended. Allyn Heydon came from Connecticut and took up a soldier's claim in Pompey in 1800, and his remains lie in the beautiful cemetery at Pompey Hill, marked by a simple monu ment commemorating his record as a soldier of the Revolution. His son, Allen W. Heydon, succeeded him and was the father of a large family, including Samuel P. Hayden, his eldest son, who was the father of Daniel E. Daniel E. Hayden was born August 17, 1844, on a farm two and a half miles south of the village of Pom pey Hill, where the large family of his grandfather was reared. In 1855 he moved with his parents to Pompey Hill, his father having purchased, with the late Henry L. Beard, the mercantile business early established at that' place by Beach Beard. Like most farm boys he attended the country school, beginning at the age of six. In 1855 he entered Pompey Academy and attended that old institution for five years, spending the vacations and all his spare time in his father's store. He was prepared for and expected to enter Hamilton College when the war of the Rebellion broke out, he attempted to enlist, but on account of his age his father induced him to wait, and during the winter of 1861-62 he taught a district school in his native town. But the war spirit increased his enthusiam. He became a prominent member of the famous Loyal League, and on August 11, 1862, when not quite eighteen, enlisted, being the first to enlist in Co. E, 149th N.Y. Vols. He was chosen second sergeant, a valued honor for the country youth, and immediately accompanied the regiment to the front, where its service of three years was unusually brilliant. The regiment was first attached to the Army of the Potomac, was sent into Western Virginia, and went into camp on Bolivar Heights above Harper's Ferry, upon the same grounds previously occupied and surrendered by Colonel Miles to the Confederates. It joined Burnside's memorable campaign, and followed the fortunes of the army through the battle of Gettysburg, where it was stationed on Culp's Hill to meet the attack of FAMILY SKETCHES. 421 Longstreet's Corps. Soon after it joined Sherman's Army and marched with him to the sea. Mr. Hayden served well and creditably and in October, 1863, after a long illness caused by exposure and hard service, was honorably discharged, sent home to die, and, as a surgeon said, to -'save trouble and expense of burial." But a year later he engaged in merchandising at Pompey Hill with his father, served as deputy postmaster, and in 1864 was appointed postmaster, a position he held until 1870, when he resigned, sold out the business, and on April 26 moved to Syracuse, whither his father's family, consisting of Sabra A., Ellen L., Elizabeth M., Elma D., and George E., had come the year before. His father had established the firm of Hayden, Mann & Crandall, wholesale and retail lumber dealers, and for them he became bookkeeper and manager. In 1872 his father's health failed, and with William F. Lyon he purchased the interests of Messrs. Hayden & Crandall, thus forming the firm of Lyon, Mann & Co. , which conducted a successful business and closed up the concern Jan. 1, 1875. In 1876 he was appointed financial manager of the State Line Survey Corps, which established the line between New York and Pennsylvania. Aug. 1, 1879, he was called home to assume charge of the manufac turing establishment of his brother-in-law, H. J. Crandall, which he conducted until 1886, when he became its owner. He has continued the business successfully ever since, manufacturing furniture, office fixtures, and general wood work. It is the oldest concern of the kind in Syracuse, having been carried on uninterruptedly since 1870. Mr. Hayden is a staunch Republican, and has worked hard for the party since he joined the " Lincoln Wide Awakes" in 1860, but has never sought public office. He has frequently been a delegate to county and State conventions. He was one of the prime movers in incorporating Danforth village, assisted in organizing the Dan forth school, and for thirteen years was a member of the Brighton and Danforth Board of Education, whose records he still has in his possession. He was one of the founders of the Danforth Congregational church in Feb., 1883, a member of its first Board of Trustees (a position he held for thirteen years), was chairman of its building committee, and has been one of the deacons since 1890. He was a member of Dwight Post, No. 7, G. A. R., from 1872 until it disbanded; he was a charter mem ber of Root Post, No. 151, and its first adjutant for three terms. He has been a mem ber of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, since 1875, has held responsible offices therein, is also a member of Central City Lodge, A. O. U. W., and Central City Council, R. A., and was a charter member of the old Sumner Corps. Dec. 19, 1879. he married Miss Belle C. , eldest daughter of Capt. T. K. Fuller, one of the leading attorneys of Syracuse. She died in 1884, leaving three children now living: Sarah L., Sabra M., and Daniel E., jr. In Jan., 1893, he married, second-, Mrs. Martha Frazer, widow of Charles Frazer, of this city. Weaver, Caius A. , Syracuse, was born in Verona, Mich. , Dec. 18, 1844, was edu cated in ¦ the common schools and in De Ruyter Academy, studied law with Hall & Chamberlain and Hunt & Green, and was admitted at Rochester in January, 1871. He has practiced only in Syracuse, where he served as justice of the peace about eight years. Aug. 11, 1862, he enlisted in Co. B, 122d N. Y. Inf., and served until June 23, 1865, losing his right arm at the battle of Fort Stevens, in front of Wash ington, July 12, 1864. In 1878 he was elected county treasurer and served a term of three years. He is a member of Root Post, No. 151, G. A. R., of which he was com mander in 1891, and was assistant inspector general in 1892-93 of the department of 422 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. New York on the staffs of Commanders Poole and Cleary, each one year. Feb. 14, 1872, he married Ida C. Crouter, of Cuyler, N. Y. , and has three children : Marian K, Georgiana, and Caius Edgar. Smith, Leonardo D. V., Syracuse, son of Moses M. and Eliza M. , was born in New Bedford, Mass., March 4, 1843, was graduated from the Boston High School in 1860, and spent three years in a commission house in that city. At the age of twenty he accepted the position of clerk in a similar establishment in New York city, where he remained six years, when, his health failing, he went to Kentucky. One year later, in the fall of 1869, he came to Syracuse, but about four months afterward removed to Binghamton, where he was engaged for two years as a commercial traveler for a large grocery house. He then embarked in the grocery business for himself and continued until Jan. 5, 1880, when he settled permanently in Syracuse, where he also conducted a grocery trade for eight years. He sold out and engaged in the real estate business, with which he has since been identified. He has been instrumental in developing the tracts known as the Helmer tract, Elmwood Park, Arlington Heights, the Greenway tract on James street, and the Hillsdale tract in the Four teenth ward. On the latter he has erected a class of houses which property owners usually build for their own occupancy, or which a person of good taste would like to have. They are modern throughout, the designs are neat and attractive, and they are the first of the kind'attempted in Syracuse. In 1867 Mr. Smith married Juliet V. Farrington, of Brooklyn, N.Y., and they have three children: Herbert L., Emma V., and Harvey F. McBride, Charles E., born in Cincinnati, O., Dec. 19, 1847, was for nearly twenty- five years a commercial salesman, traveling all over the United States and Canada, and afterwards became a contractor and real estate dealer in New York city, where he was also interested in the manufacture of paints. He came to Syracuse in 1892, but did not settle here permanently until March of the following year. Since then he has devoted his time wholly to his real estate business, in which he has been quite successful. He was married in 1872 to Sarah Virginia Graham, of Philadelphia, Pa.. and has one daughter, Jennie Louise. Bradford Kennedy, Sons, & McGuire, Syracuse. This extensive business was founded in a small way in 1859 by Kennedy & Frizelle, who were succeeded in 1862 by the firm of Kennedy, Spaulding & Co. , the individual members of which were Bradford and George H. Kennedy and Ross R. Spaulding. Under them the busi ness spread over this State and into adjoining States, and developed into immense proportions. Their trade, exclusively wholesale, consisted of all kinds of shelf and heavy hardware, builders' and cabinet supplies, tools, etc. About 1893 the firm was reorganized and adopted its present name, its members being Bradford Kennedy and his sons, George H. and Harry L., and James K. McGuire. The latter entered the house when a lad, and in Nov., 1895, was elected mayor of Syracuse pn the Dem ocratic ticket. Auer, Michael, Syracuse, son of John Martin (died 1853) and Mary (died 1867) Auer, was born in Switzerland on Dec. 10, 1838, and came with his parents in 1850 to Syra cuse, where he completed his education. He has always been identified with the to bacco business, beginning as a stripper, and starting for himself in 1865, when he FAMILY SKETCHES. 423 established a cigar factory at Jamesville, which he contiuned two years. He was then a messenger for the Merchants' Union and American Express Companies for two years, and returning to Syracuse engaged again in cigar manufacturing in the Jervis block, where he also conducted two restaurants until 1873. Following this he was for three years yardmaster in Auburn prison, and in 1876 he established his present business of manufacturing and wholesaling cigars and dealing in all kinds of tobacco. The concern is now styled Auer & Co. , and consists of Michael Auer and his brother, Baltiser Auer. Major Auer has an exceptionally brilliant military record. He joined Co. H, 51st Regiment, Hawley Guards, of the old State militia, in 1856, and served in that organization, the Washington artillery, and in Co. E, 51st Regiment, Monroe Cadets, until the breaking out of the war. Under the call for troops in April, 1861, he enlisted in Co. B, 12th N. Y. Y'ols., and at Elmira was made sergeant. He was promoted second lieutenant Feb. 22, 1862, and first lieuten ant Oct 27, 1862, and was discharged at expiration of term of service, at Elmira, May 17, 1863. Returning home he secured authorization papers from Albany to raise a battery of field artillery, but decided instead to recruit and organize a com pany for the 15th N. Y'. Cav., which he did under Col. Robert M. Richardson, and which was mustered in Aug. 8, 1863, with himself as senior captain of the regiment, as captain of Co. A He participated in all the engagements of both the 12th N. Y. Vol. and 15th N. Y. Cav. organizations until he was taken prisoner at Front Royal, W. Va., being wounded twice and badly hurt by his horse being shot in battle and falling on him. His company consisted of 118 men, and was recruited at a time when almost every able bodied man expected to be drafted. He had the only re cruiting office at that time in Syracuse, and it was due to his efforts that the quota was filled and the city saved from a draft. He was kept a prisoner of war for about nine months at Lynchburg, Va. , Macon, Ga. , and Charleston and Columbia, S. C, and while so confined, on Aug. 30, 1864, was promoted major, but resigned, and was honorably discharged with that rank at Annapolis, Md., March 6, 1865. From 1866 to 1868, inclusive, Major Auer was special aide-de-camp under Brig. -Gen. John A. Green, N. G. S. N. Y. On April 6, 1870, he succeeded Captain Avery as captain of Troop C, 2d Bat. Cav. N. G. S. N. Y., which was converted Sept. 2, 1881, into artil lery, known as the 5th Battery N. G. S. N. Y. He remained in command until June 2, 1893, when he resigned, after a continuous service of thirty-seven years, receiving a full and honorable discharge from Gov. Roswell P. Flower. He participated in putting down the railroad strikes of 1877, 1892, and 1893, being in command of the forces at East Syracuse in 1892. It was through his efforts that the State arsenal and grounds in this city were improved recently to the extent of about $20,000, and of that institution he was custodian many years. He has always been a Republican and for two terms served as supervisor of the Seventh ward. He is a Mason ; charter member and past commander of Lilly Post, G. A. R. ; charter member and senior vice-commander of Root Post, G. A. R. ; member of Phil Sheridan mounted division, and other branches of the Knights of Pythias and member of the Select Knights, A.O. U. W., and formerly grand trustee in the Grand Lodge of that order. Oct. 22, 1863, Major Auer married in Washington, D. C, Regina V. Umbrecht, and they have one daughter living, Nettie L. (Mrs. Charles W. Griffith), of New York. Mr. Auer is six feet, four inches high, and is a soldier through inheritance, his father having been an officer in the Swiss cavalry, and both his grandparents doing service under the first Napoleon. 424 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Schuck, Frederick A. , Syracuse, son of Frederick and Elizabeth Schuck, natives of Germany, was born in Syracuse, May 22, 1854. The father came to America in 1848 and still resides in Syracuse. F. A. was first a barber and in 1880 entered the whole sale liquor store of B. E. Handy, whom he succeed in the spring of 1886, his firm be ing Schuck & Smingler. Five years later he sold to Mr. Smingler and purchased the interest of Col. Benjamin Higgins, of Higgins & Ufford, the firm becoming Ufford & Schuck, wholesale and retail liquor dealers. He has been somewhat active in local politics and served as alderman of the 16th ward in 1893. In 1889 he married Rachel De Busy, of Lyons, N. Y., who died in 1890. Grumbach, Col. Nicholas, Syracuse, born in Detroit, Mich., Jan, 30, 1835, moved with his parents on May 15, 1838, to Syracuse, where he has ever since resided. Nicholas Grumbach, sr. , his father, a native of Alsace-Loraine, France, came to America in 1828 and settled in this city and died here, but lived for a short time in Detroit. His widow survives him. Of their seven children only four are living: Mrs. Bruker, of Deerfield, and Col. Nicholas, George, and John P., of Syracuse. Col. Nich olas Grumbach was educated in the public schools of this city and as a boy engaged in various pursuits. In 1854 he entered the employ of Sperry & Hier as a cigarmaker and remained with them five years, or until 1859, when he formed a partnership with the late Gustavus Sniper, as Grumbach & Sniper, and engaged in manufacturing cigars. In 1862 he discontinued this business and enlisted as captain in Co. B, 149th N.Y. Vols., serving until his discharge June 16, 1865. He was successively pro moted major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of that regiment and afterwards was brevetted colonel of U. S. volunteers by the President and Senate for gallant and meritorious services during the war. He became a member of the old Syracuse Grays about 1856, and when he enlisted in the army he was serving his second term as supervisor of the Second ward and was also captain of Co. E, Monroe Cadets, N. Y. State Militia. Returning home after his discharge he engaged in the business of manufacturing glue with Paul Birchmier and continued about two years, when they were burned out. He was then U. S. cigar stamper for about five months until that office was abolished, and after that he engaged in the real estate, insurance, and res taurant business ; he was at Albany in an official capacity about three years, was janitor of the U. S. government building in Syracuse for a time, was excise commis sioner under Mayor Vann, and since Jan., 1894, has served as court crier. He was also alderman of the Fourth ward two terms (1868-69), was the organizer and first quartermaster of Lilly Post, G. A. R. , was a charter member of Salt City Lodge, A. O. U. W., is a member of the I. O. O. F., and has been a Mason for forty years. Sept. 14, 1862, he married Emily Steiger, of Syracuse, and they have four children : Mrs. Carl Snautz, Mildred E., Bella C, and Mrs. Daniel Hummel. Sager Family, The, Syracuse.— The ancestral home of the Sager family of Syra cuse was Amsterdam, Holland. The American ancestors of George J. and A. Park Sager came over in the ships of Patrone Killen Van Rensselaer, and were among the earliest settlers of Albany Co., N. Y. They are of the stock of sturdy Dutch traders, employed by the West India Company, who settled New Amsterdam, and later, in the beginning of the 17th century, worked their way up the Hudson to the head of tide water, at Albany, for the purpose of adventures and commerce with the Indians. The family names appear in the annals of Albany as early as 1642. The struggles FAMILY SKETCHES. 425 of the people at this period with the French and Indians present an interesting his tory, and produced conditions which tended to develop the Dutch character along natural lines, and made a fearless, sturdy, honest, and industrious people. Munsell, in his Historical Collection of Albany, says: " Segers is the surname of a family in Albany which in early times was called Van Voorhoudt. Cornelius Seger Van Voor- houdt, the first settler, came to Berwick (now Albany) in 1642 and succeeded Vander Dunk on the farm called Welyesburg on Castle Islands." The records of Albany show the descendants of Cornelius Seger to have filled places of trust in the city government as well as the military service of the country during the Revolutionary and Indian wars. The first official recognition of Sager, as the family name occurs in the case of Thomas and John Sager, cousins, on the company rolls of the Revolu tionary "war. The lineage of the mother, Rebecca Smith Grote, wife of Jacob Sager, is traced back to 1632, she being a descendant of Symon Seymouse Groot, boatswain of the " Prince Maurice " and one of the early settlers of New Amsterdam, who in 1663 moved to Berwick and afterward to Schenectady, and who was probably the ancestor of all the Groots now living in that vicinity. In the winter of 1690, Fronte- nac, governor of Canada, with a force of French and Indians, raided and pillaged the then outpost of Schenectady. Most of the inhabitants were massacred. Among the thirty or forty captured were the Grote family, consisting of the brothers, Abra ham, Simon, Philip, Dirk, and Class, who were taken to Canada. The next season the Grote boys were ransomed, except Class, who either died or was killed. Jacob Sager, son of George, and a descendant of Cornelius Segers and father of George J. and A. Park Sager, came to Syracuse June 1, 1847, with his wife and six children; another child was born in this city. Jacob Sager died in 1880; his widow survives (1895) at the age of 84. Their seven children, all living, are Abraham H., Aaron, Catharine( Mrs. G. K. Collins), George J., Anna (Mrs. A. Becker), A. Park, and Emma (Mrs. N. C. Hubble). Evert Seager, grandfather of Jacob Sager, was a private in Col. John Harper's regiment of New York militia in the Revolution in 1780. Thomas Seager, uncle of Jacob, also served in that war in the 6th company of the 1st regi ment of special levy for frontier duty, and died while so engaged October 18, 1778. In consequence his heirs were entitled to five hundred acres of the military tract and on Sept. 13, 1790, lot 19 in Tully was issued to his sister, Syntie Sager. George J. and A. Park Sager received a common school education, and early entered upon their business career. George J. enlisted in the 149th N. Y. Vols, in Aug., 1862, and served until the close of the war, being connected part of the time with headquarters, 3d Brigade, 2d Division, 12th and 20th Army Corps. He was a member of the Army of the Potomac, the Army of the Cumberland, and the Army of Georgia, and was brevetted second lieutenant of N. Y. Vols! for gallant and meritorious service. To A. Park Sager belongs the credit of starting in Syracuse an industry which to-day employs nearly 3,000 people, mostly women, in and about the city, in the manufac ture of fine hand-made knit goods in silk, Angora, and worsted. They are also en gaged in the importation of goods in their lines, and have a trade extending from Boston to San Francisco. The junior partner of the firm is Frederick W., the only son of A. Park Sager. George J. and A. Park Sager married sisters, the daughters of the Rev. E. W. Thurston. Cox, F. & H., Syracuse.— This firm consists of Frank P. and Henry E. Cox, t>W> 426 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. brothers, sons of William, who moved here from England about 1851, and died in 1893, aged 72; his wife's death occured in 1892. Of their six children only Frank P., Henry E., and Mrs. James A. Britcher are living. Henry was born in 1854 and his brother in 1857. In the fall of 1879 Frank P. Cox started in business for himself at their present location on the corner of Grape and East Castle streets, succeeding Peter Hax. Y^ery soon afterward he was joined by his brother, Henry E. , under the firm name of F. & H. Cox, which has ever since continued with marked success. For a time they also conducted a grocery store on the corner of West and Gifford streets. Their business consists of groceries, provisions, flour, feed, meats, and general family supplies. King, John L. , Syracuse, a native of Springfield, Mass., and a son of John L. King, sr., was born Nov. 17, 1849. His mother was a daughter of Chester Harding, the' famous artist. After attending the public schools and Phillips Exeter Academy he entered Harvard University, from which he was graduated in 1871. He read law with Judge Gideon Wells of Springfield, and was graduated from Harvard Law School in 1875, being admitted to the bar of Massachusetts the same year. Coming to Syracuse he studied law with Kennedy & Tracy, and was admitted to the bar of this State at Rochester in Oct., 1876. He has practiced his profession in Syracuse, first with Charles B. Sedgwick until 1883, and since then alone. He has been con nected with the Solvay Process Company since its inception ; he organized in 1888 the Split Rock Cable Road Company, of which he has continuously been president ; and in 1889 he organized the Tully Pipe Line Company and has ever since served as its secretary. He has been vice-president of the New York Brick and Paving Com pany since its organization, is a director in the Salt Springs Bank, and is prominently connected with numerous other enterprises. His professional and business life has been marked with almost unvarying success. He married a daughter of Charles B. Sedgwick and has two children. Johnson, Hector Brost, Syracuse, was born in the duchy of Baden, Germany, in 1844, and came with his parents to this country when a child. The family settled in Syracuse, where the father died in 1851 and the mother in 1852. Thus orphaned and and thrown upon his own resources at the early age of eight years the lad developed qualities of self-reliance which characterized his after life and won for him the confi dence and esteem of all good citizens. Soon after the death of his parents he moved to Brewerton, where he lived until a few years ago. He attended the public schools and finished his education at Falley Seminary in Fulton, Oswego Co., in 1863, and then followed farming until about 1870, when he became a general merchant at Brewerton. He served the town of Cicero as excise commissioner and supervisor, being elected to the latter office in 1883 and serving four terms, and being chairman of the committees on justices' accounts and on equalization, and was chairman of the board, third term. He was a member of- assembly in 1887 and 1888, and in the fall of the latter year was elected sheriff of Onondaga county, a position he held from Jan. 1, 1889, to Dec. 31, 1891. He moved to Syracuse in 1889, and in March, 1892, was appointed commissioner of public works by Mayor Amos and re-appointed by him in 1894, holding the office at the time of his death, which occurred in Syracuse on Aug. 24, 1895. In 1873 he married Miss Addie J. Greenleaf, daughter of Dr. Greenleaf, of Brewerton, who with two children, Herbert and lone, survive him. FAMILY SKETCHES. 427 Mr. Johnson was a member of Red Cross Lodge F. & A. M. , of Brewerton, and Cen tral City Commandery K. T. , and Syracuse City Lodge K. P. , of Syracuse. Clark, Perry W. , Marcellus, was born Sept. 19, 1855, in Skaneateles, son of Chester and Laura Clark. Chester was born in. Connecticut and removed to Skaneateles, where he conducted a farm up to the time of his death. He took a prominent part in politics, in which he was deeply interested. He died in Feb. , 1876. Perry W. Clark was educated in Skaneateles and moved to Marcellus in 1882, where he has since resided. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Owen and Sarah Cavanaugh, of Syracuse, and they have had four children, three now living: Chester O., Howard I., and Marion Grace. Mr. Clark's homestead is located about one mile from the village on a. remarkably commanding site, which affords a handsome view of the village and surrounding country. Gibbons, P. J., A. M., M. D., Syracuse, was born in Honesdale, Pa., May 10, 1861, and is a son of Myles F. Gibbons, one of the first locomotive and civil engineers in America, who was born in Delaware, and who, until his death in 1886, was con nected with the D. & H. Canal Co. Dr. Gibbons was educated in the public schools, the Honesdale Academy, University of Pennsylvania, the State Normal School of Amawalk, N. Y., and in 1883 was graduated from the University of Ottawa, Canada, with the degree of B. A. He entered in 1883 Bellevue Hospital Medical College in New York city, from which he was graduated as M. D. in 1886. He then went to Philadelphia and was endorsed by the University of Pennsylvania and the Jefferson Medical College, and in the fall of 1886 began the practice of his profession in the coal regions of that State, being located at Pittston, where he remained four years. He also practiced in hospitals and colleges in New York, where his brother, Dr. Richard H. Gibbons, is a prominent physician and surgeon. In Nov., 1890, he re moved to Syracuse, where he has since resided, making a specialty of the nose and throat, for the treatment of which he has invented several appliances. In 1894 the University of Ottawa conferred upon him the degree of M.A. Dr. Gibbons is a man of unusual scientific attainments. He has frequently contributed articles on techni cal subjects to the leading medical journals, notably on "The Treatment of Nasal Stenosis by Means of a New Intranasal Tube," "An Adenotome for the Removal of Adenoid Growth in the Vault of the Pharynx," "A Method for Resuscitation from Electric Shocks," etc. The latter has made him famous throughout the world, and within thirty days was copied in almost every language on the globe. In connection with it he invented an apparatus to carry on artificial respiration for an indefinite period of time, which has been adopted by the Johns Hopkins University, the Belle vue Hospital Medical College, and other prominent institutions. To him belongs the honor of first advancing the theory of resuscitation from electric shocks. He was also the first to claim that suicide is a disease and proclaimed that opinion in a neatly bound volume. He is the inventor of a self-acting electric chair, one of the most unique devices of the time. Dr. Gibbons has kept abreast and frequently ahead of his profession, and has missed no opportunity to avail himself of the latest and best modes of treatment. He took special private courses under Prof. Edward G. Jane- way, M. D., Prof. Frederick S. Dennis, M. D., and Drs. Solace G. Mitchell, Charles A. and R. Ogden Doremus, and Frank H. Bosworth. He is a member of the Ameri can Medical Association, the Pennsylvania State and Lehigh Valley Medical Socie- 428 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. ties, and the Luzerne County Medical Society, and visitor to the Congress of Ameri can Physicians and Surgeons. In 1888 he married Nellie E. Nallin, of Brooklyn, N. Y., and they have one son, Austin Flint Gibbons. Glass, Edgar P., Syracuse, son of Joseph J. and Sarah Eliza (Toll) Glass, and sur rogate of Onondaga Co., was born in Canton (now Memphis), in the town of Van Buren, Feb. 23, 1849. His grandfather, James Glass, came from County Armagh, Ireland, and settled in what is now Elbridge, in 1807, where he died in 1866. Joseph J. was born in that town Dec. 5, 1810, and for many years carried on a large mer cantile and grain business at Memphis. He moved to Syracuse in 1858, and died March 28, 1878, being the father of nine children. First a Whig and then a Repub lican, he was prominent in local politics, and in 1849 represented the first district of Onondaga Co. in the Assembly. Edgar P. Glass attended the Syracuse public and High Schools, and was graduated from the University of Rochester in 1869. He read law in Syracuse with Sedgwick, Andrews & Kennedy, and Sedgwick, Kennedy & Tracy, attended Columbia Law School, and was admitted to the bar at Buffalo general term in 1873. Since then he has successfully followed his profession in Syra cuse. He was president of the village of Danforth from 1881 to 1885, inclusive, and in Nov., 1891, was elected surrogate of Onondaga Co. for a term of six years, begin ning Jan. 1, 1892. In Sept., 1874, he married Miss Henrietta B., daughter of Benja min T Jessup, of Brooklyn. They have three children : Joseph J., Edgar P., jr., and Emily J. Kennett, John Robert, Syracuse, has long resided m our midst, and is well known to the older residents of Syracuse and formerly Geddes, to be a man, honest and upright in all his dealings, and a total abstainer from liquors and tobacco, and a thorough mechanic. He was born in Maidstone, Kent Co., England, April 12, 1838. His father, W. C. Kennett, came to America, and settled in Syracuse, while his son, John R. , was yet a mere child. Here the father remained until after the death of his second wife (who fell dead while crossing the Willow street bridge), when he re turned to England, where he died in 1873, at the age of 84. John R. Kennett learned his trade as carpenter and joiner from his father, who was a skilled mechanic. as also was his grandfather and great-grandfather, in fact he springs from a family of mechanics of rare ability ; and to his ancestors credit is due for much of the fine architecture of the cathedrals in England ; and John R. has not dishonored their calling. He went through the largest carriage and wagon shops of Utica, as well as other extensive establishments of the west of Troy. In 1860 he started in business for himself, manufacturing wagons, carriages, cutters, sleighs, etc., in Geddes, now the Tenth ward of Syracuse. He continued to enlarge his establishment, until it was the largest one at that time in Central New York that, by machinery, such as sawing, planing, steam bending, etc. , was done from the rough to the finish, turned out fine carriages, goose-necked cutters, wagons and sleighs. He also did a large business in pressing out by machinery salt pans and ladles for the Onondaga County Salt Companies. All salt blocks and mills at that time were running full blast. When his business was at this great height his future prospects seemed very bright. On the morning of July 10, 1875, supposed to have been caused by spontaneous combustion, fire broke out. The days previous had been very hot and dry and a strong wind was blowing that morning, and at that time there was no fire depart- FAMILY SKETCHES. 429 ment in Geddes, so the fire swept on until all was piled up in a smoldering heap which burned under ground for over a week. Sore discouraged to see his years' efforts and hard work with all prospects so utterly destroyed in a few hours, Mr. Kennett concluded to try farming, but this was not his forte, so, after a brief time spent unsuccessfully in that line, he determined to start up again on the old site, where he now has a wagon shop on a small scale. He having been offered a posi tion with the Onondaga County Milk Association as master mechanic, accepted, and still holds the same position. To Mr. Kennett is due the credit of inventing and manufacturing many useful and meritorious inventions, and in this respect he ranks with the leading inventors of our country. He was the originator of one of the best railroad snow ploughs which is and has been used throughout the Northern States and Canada. Among the many other devices which owe their existence to him, we would especially mention the "Kennett star tool holder," the "Marine merry-go-round," a patent "shield buckle," the " Kennett harness dees," etc., etc., These, as will many other inventions of utility and merit, have proved of inestima ble value and give ample evidence of the fact that their talented inventor stands foremost in the list of public benefactors in our country. May 22, 1860, Mr. Kennett married Mercena R. Inman, daughter of Martin Inman and Martha Drake Inman, nee Spencer, of Yorkville, Oneida Co., N. Y. Mr. and Mrs. Inman were formerly from the New England States, their forefathers being among the Pilgrims. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Kennett were born seven children, three boys and four girls, the two oldest, Frank Frankland and Elmer Elsworth, died at the age of four and two years, respectively; one dying the day President Lincoln was shot, and the other the day he was buried. The other five children are still living, and the boy, who is the youngest, bids fair of following the footsteps of his father, strictly temperate and a genius. In thirty years of married life spent in Onondaga Co. Mr. and Mrs. Ken nett witnessed many and marked changes in Syracuse. Mr. Kennett is a member of the Masonic order. In the year 1891, February 16, Mrs. Kennett departed this life. Northrop, Henry L., Syracuse, is a son of Burr B., who came from Connecticut when a young man and settled in Skaneateles, where he died in Jan., 1896. Henry L. was born in that village in 1849, being one of seven children, of whom Homer A. , Elmore B., Emily M., John B., and S. Eva (Mrs. Frank Thorns), and Henry L. are living. All reside in Skaneateles except Homer A., who lives in North Dakota, and our subject, who resides in Syracuse. John B. occupies the old homestead. Henry L. established his present business at Elbridge under the name of the Elbridge Glove and Mitten Company in 1882, and six years later removed it to Syracuse, retaining the same firm name. Mr. Northrop is a business man of wide experience, and has successfully founded the largest establishments of the kind in Central New York. He" employs from 50 to 75 operatives; manufactures gloves, mittens, moccasins, etc., to the number of 100 dozen pairs daily; and enjoys a trade extend ing all over the United States. Mr. Northrop is also interested in Syracuse real estate. While residing in Elbridge he was president and trustee of the village, one year each. In 1875 he married Ella I. Tolman, of Skaneateles, and has two children: Mabel E. and Ethel O. Tallcott, Edwin C, Syracuse, was born in Richfield Springs, N. Y., Jan. 14, 1845. His father was a well known bookkeeper, and held several responsible positions in 430 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Western cities, where the son's early education was obtained. The family settled in Kalamazoo, Mich. , where young Tallcott enlisted on January 27, 1863, in Co. H, 7th Mich. Cav. and served three years in Custer's celebrated Michigan Brigade, being discharged Dec. 25, 1865, with the rank of first lieutenant. He then became a clerk in his uncle's clothing store in Cleveland, O., and Sept. 17, 1867, came to Syracuse to fill a similar position in the old clothing house of M. C. Palmer & Co. , with whom and whose successors he has since remained. He was elected school commissioner of the Fourteenth ward in February, 1893, and still holds the position, being presi dent of the Board of Education both terms. Mr. Tallcott has filled this office with credit and distinction. He is also secretary of Central City Lodge No. 305, F. & A. M., and secretary of all the Central City bodies of the Masonic order. Woods, Thomas, Syracuse, son of Dennis and Margaret Woods, was born in Canton, N. Y. , July 15, 1869, was graduated from St. Lawrence University in 1891, studied law in Watertown with Porter & Walts, and was admitted at Utica Sept. 15, 1893. In Oct. of the same year he began practice in Syracuse with Ray B. Smith under the firm name of Woods & Smith. In Jan., 1896, Frederick W. Thomson became a member of the firm under the name of Thomson, Woods & Smith. He is a member of the Century and Citizens' Clubs and the Syracuse Athletic Association, and holds the positions of secretary and attorney of the Onondaga County Anglers' Association and attorney for the State Fish and Game Protector, 10th district. He is unmarried. Stinard, Alfred F. , Syracuse, a native of Wolcott, N. Y., born June 12, 1848, was educated and learned the tailor's trade in the place of his birth, and followed the business in Rochester and Oswego about a year each. In 1868 he came to Syracuse as a cutter for Crow, Robinson & Clark, with whom he remained four years. In 1872 he started business for himself under the firm name of Stinard, Edwards & Clark, merchant tailors. About two years later Clark withdrew and the firm of Stinard & Edwards continued until 1891, when Mr. Stinard succeeded to the busi ness. In 1879 he purchased the L. Harris Hiscock homestead, then owned by the widow of the late John Hurst, consisting of 16 acres on the corner of South and Geddes streets, at that time in the northwest corner of the town of Onondaga, but now a part of the city of Syracuse, lying within 1,000 feet of the new reservoir. It is known as Bellevue Heights and has been partially laid out into building lots and some of them sold off. In 1867 Mr. Stinard married Elizabeth Gerow, of Oswego, and they have one daughter, Bessie B. , now a musical student in Syracuse University and promising pianist of considerable note. Phillips, John Henry, Syracuse, son of John, a merchant tailor, and now a resident of Oswego, was born in Albany, Sept. 9, 1843, in July of which year his parents came' to this country from England. At the age of ten he moved with the family to Os wego, where he was educated, and where he engaged in various occupations. In 1864 he embarked in the meat business and continued it until 1883, when he went to Chicago, where he also opened a meat market. In 1886 he came to Syracuse and started a meat business in the Kline block in East Genesee street, whence he re moved in 1893 to his present location in the old Redfield block in Hanover Square, at which time he purchased the block of the Redfield estate. Mr. Phillips is deeply interested in the city of Syracuse, and has an abiding faith in her future. He is a FAMILY SKETCHES. 431 Mason and an Odd Fellow, and was somewhat prominent in Republican politics in Os wego, where he was an elder for five years in Grace Presbyterian church ; while here his family are connected with Park church. He was married in Oswego on May 13, 1868, to Florence V., daughter of Henry W. Seeber, a prominent builder there, and for many years school commissioner. They have three children: Minnie E., Henry W., and Florence M. Green, Chapin H., Syracuse, became identified with the Turkish bath business twenty years ago in New York city with Wood & Holbrook, and since then has made that his life work. Among those with whom he was successively associated were Dr. Ryan, of the Lafayette Place Bath, W. J. Simonton and E. S. Stokes, of the Hoffman House Baths, in New York ; the Clinton Street Baths, in Brooklyn ; and the Tenth Streets Baths in Philadelphia. In March, 1888, he became the proprietor of the Wieting Baths in Syracuse, where he has since continued. He was born in Cort land, N. Y., March 5, 1857, and was married on July 10, 1877, to Miss Ada A. Will iams. They have one son, W. Raymond Green, now seventeen years of age. Mann, John H. & Co., Syracuse. John H. Mann, the founder of this well-known house, was born in Peterboro, England, in 1825, and came to America in 1849, set tling in Syracuse, where he remained until his death, which occurred on Aug. 3, 1892. On the site which is now occupied by the Onondaga County Savings Bank Mr. Mann started in the grocery business in the year 1852, and successfully laid the foundation for one of the best retail establishments in Central New York. Mr. Mann was an enthusiastic huntsman and fisherman, and attained an almost national reputation in fly casting. He owned the first breech-loading gun in Syracuse, and was a member of the Onondaga County Anglers' and Sportsmen's Association. He was also a very successful tarpon fisherman. In 1852 he married Annie -W. Webber, a lady of English birth, who, with four children, viz. : Mrs. Annie M. Hurst, Edward H., Mrs. William Horton, and George H., survive him. In 1876 the business was removed to its present location in the Bastable block, and as it developed, additional space and help became imperative. In 1880 J. T. M. Meatyard was admitted into partnership and remained until his death, which occurred Nov. 29, 1893. In 1888 George H. Mann became a partner and is now senior member of the firm, which now has two branch stores in successful operation, one at 351 South Salina street and another at Elmwood Park. In 1893 P. C. Evans was admitted into partnership. The firm name, John H. Mann & Co., is still retained, and the present members of the firm are following the same lines and supply the best to their patrons, which has placed the reputation of this house second to none in New York State. Griswold, John D., Syracuse, who was born in Bennington, New Hampshire, March 6, 1843, descends from one of the oldest and most prominent families in America. Two brothers, Edward and Matthew Griswold, came from England to this country about 1639 and settled in Windsor, Conn. Their descendants have become distin guished and numerous in that State, as well as in others, holding offices of greatest responsibility, among them being governors, judges, of the highest courts, legisla tors, army officers, etc. Gov. Matthew Griswold,' son of John and Hannah Lee 1 Notes of the Griswolds are taken from Prof. Edward Elbridge Salsbury's records of the Griswold family, in Magazine of American History for 1884. This gives pedigree, coat-of-arms, etc., of the Griswold family for fifteen generations. 432 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Griswold, was born March 25, 1714, and married his cousin Ursula, daughter of Gov. Roger Wolcott. He held many offices of trust, was major of the 3rd regiment of horse and foot in the service of the colony. He was an eminent lawyer and was ap pointed by the Colonial Government to sue, levy and recover debts in the name and behalf of the governor and company. In 1759 he was elected to the council of the governor, as such was summoned to administer to Governor Fitch an oath to support the requirements of the Stamp Act. He followed the lead of Trumbel in refusing to witness a ceremony which so degraded liberty and the colony and retired from the council chamber. He was judge of the Superior Court under Gov. Jonathan Trum bel, also chief justice and lieutenant-governor and from 1784 to 1786 was governor of Connecticut. His son Roger, was a graduate of Yale College in 1780 ; was a con gressman at the age of 34 ; justice of the Supreme Court in 1807 ; lieutenant-governor in 1809 and governor in 1811. Many others have filled positions of equal note. John D. Griswold's father was a powder manufacturer in New England and on the Hud son River for 49 years. Mr. Griswold came to Onondaga Co. in 1879 and built the Marcellus powder works. He moved to Syracuse in 1882. He sold his interest in the Marcellus Powder Co. to the Duponts of Delaware and entered their employ, re maining with them five years, when in 1887 he again engaged the manufacture of powder, building aline of mills near Cazenovia in Madison Co., where he is now turning out 5,000 lbs. of mining powder per day. His second wife, whom he married Aug. 23, 1885, was Avis L. Wright, widow of Dr. S. Howard Moore and daughter of Ephram Wright, jr. Her ancestors came from England and settled in Connecticut in the 16th century where they were identified with the early settlement of that State, some serving in the Colonial army. Her great-grandfather, Elnathan Marsh, moved from Danbury, Conn., and settled in Pompey before 1799 and in that year he pur chased of Benjamin Pelton for $508 a farm of 127 acres on lot 16. He was a Revolu tionary soldier and also served in the war of 1812 and was active in town affairs. He finally moved to Livingston Co. and took up a large tract of land. His daughter, Martha, married first, David Smith, who was killed in Pompey by a falling tree. Her second husband was Ephram Wright, sr., who settled in Livonia, N. Y. Their son, Ephram Wright, jr., was born in 1812 and died in 1893. He married Ruth Ann Doty, whose death occurred in 1882. Gov. Silas Wright was a relative. Shepard, Norman O., Skaneateles, swas born in Cayuga Co. in 1847, son of Isaac N. Shepard, who was born in Connecticut and came to Shepard settlement, Skane- eteles, when he was six years old. His father was Eliphalet H., who was one of six brothers, constituting the early Shepard settlement. Norman came to Skaneateles in 1848 and began farming. In 1876 he entered the mercantile business and is also engaged in the manufacture of boats. The Shepard family are among the best known in the town and the Shepard settlement was named after them. Norman married Selina Hares, by whom he has two children, Abbie and Norman. Walsh, Thomas C, M. D., Syracuse, was born m Syracuse, June 28, 1855, is a son of Timothy Walsh, who came here from Ireland, and died in 1859, aged 36. He was a tailor by trade, but a gardener by vocation, and had seven children, six of whom are living. Thomas C. Walsh left home while a lad and lived in Oswego Co., where by his own efforts he acquired a fair English education. At the age of 21 he began the study of medicine with Dr. E. F. Kelley, of Pulaski, N. Y. , and in March, 1882, FAMILY SKETCHES. 433 he was graduated from the Albany Medical College. He commenced the practice of his profession in Pulaski, but in June, 1886, removed to Syracuse, where he has since resided. He has been president of the Equitable Aid Society of this city for four years. He married, first, in 1874, Hattie Hubbard, of Scriba, Oswego Co., who died in 1879, leaving one daughter, Ada D. His second wife, whom he married in July, 1887, is May Visgar, of Alexandria Bay, N. Y. , and their children are Grace and Thomas E. Wallon, August J., Syracuse, was born in Germany on Feb. 24, 1837, and began learning the trade of book binding in his native country. When 17 years of age he came to America and worked as a journeyman for a time. About 1867 he started a book bindery in New York city, which he continued for eight years, when he went to Rochester and conducted a similar establishment there for a short period. In 1883 he removed to Syracuse and took charge of the bindery of Masters & Stone, with whom he remained until they sold out in 1887. He then established a small bindery in this city, and in 1888 admitted his son, August L., to partnership under the firm name of A. J. Wallon & Son. Their business has grown steadily and con stantly and now forms one of the leading interests of Syracuse. In 1861 Mr. Wallon enlisted in Co. D, 9th Ohio Vols., and served nearly two years in the war of the Re bellion. He has been married twice and has three children. Lane, John A., M.D., Syracuse, was born in Prescott, Canada, Jan. 8, 1852, was educated in Montreal, and was graduated from the McGill Medical College in that city in 1877. Prior to his graduation, however, he was engaged in business as a druggist for three years. He then began the practice of his chosen profession in Canada, but soon removed to Carthage, N. Y., where he remained until 1882, when he came to Syracuse, where he has since resided. In 1884 he married Mrs. Ella L. (Groesbeck) Burnham, a native of Clyde, N. Y. Russell, Arthur B., Syracuse, was born in Manlius in 1870. His family was long a prominent one in the history of that village, his grandfather, Edwin Perry Russell, coming there from Belleville, Canada, at a very early date; he was a machinist and an inventor, manufactured the- first mowing machine ever made in Onondaga Co. , was active in town and village affairs, acquired large property interests, and died there at a good old age. Webster Russell, the father of Arthur B. , was also a native of Manlius village and finally moved to Pennsylvania, where he now lives. Arthur B. Russell began life as a clerk in a grocery store in Manlius, and in 1883 came to Syracuse as shipping clerk for Andrews Brothers. In 1889 he formed a partnership with W. E. Mastin, as -Mastin & Russell, and started the Palace Steam Laundry ; this firm was succeeded by Russell & Hunt in 1891, and in 1884 Mr. Russell became sole owner. He is president of the Republican club known as the Escort, one of the oldest political organizations in the city. In June, 1888, he married Mary J. , daughter of William C. Gere, of Syracuse. Town, Richard S., Syracuse, son of Sylvester R., who came to Syracuse from Cherry Valley, N.Y., and died here, was born in this city, Jan. 11, 1847. Receiving his education in the public schools he started in life as a clerk for his father in a restaurant at the early age of 16, and has continued a connection with this business in various capacities to the present time. For two and a half years he was the 434 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. junior member of the well known firm of O'Brien & Town, proprietors of the Wieting Annex. In Nov., 1892, he formed a partnership with C. A. Nott, under the name of Nott & Town and assumed charge of the popular Congress Hall Hotel, continuing under that style until May 2, 1895, when he became sole pro prietor. March 4, 1889, Mr. Town married Miss Mary Ackerman, of Syracuse. Beach, William Austin, Syracuse, son of Henry G. and Mary (Thompson) B^ach, both natives of Delaware Co. , N. Y. , was born in Baldwinsville on Aug. 22, 1842. His mother died in 1863; his father was a successful farmer and lumber dealer, superintendent of the salt springs, and died in 1871. He attended the Baldwinsville Union School, was graduated from the Delaware Literary Institute in Franklin, N. Y., in 1863, and taught school for two years in Van Buren and Cicero. In 1865 he began the study of law with Graves, Hunt & Green, of Syracuse, was admitted to the bar in April 1866, and began the practice of his profession in this city imme diately afterward. He was admitted to the U. S. District Court of the Northern District of New York on April 10, 1873, to the District Court of the Southern Dis trict Nov. 23, 1885, to the Circuit Court of Northern New York Nov. 18, 1885, and to the Supreme Court of the United States Oct. 18, 1888. He early won a dis tinguished position at the bar, and has been associated with Henry E. Marble, William E. Sanders, O. J Brown, Harrison Hoyt, Hon. Theodore E. Hancock James Devine, the present firm being Hancock, Beach & Devine. He has always been a prominent Democrat, and since 1868 has stumped the State during every political campaign. At the request of Samuel J. Tilden he accepted a position as member of the Democratic State Committee and served from 1875 to 1877. He was appointed by Grover Cleveland one of a committee to examine the proposition to store the headwaters of the Hudson River in reservoirs, and drew the report advis ing that the tributary lakes of the Hudson be dammed for this purpose. In Nov. , 1885, he was provisionally appointed collector of Internal Revenue for the 25th New York district, and in Jan., 1886, was regularly appointed to this office, which he filled up to June 30, 1890. He was one of the committee of five to revise the city charter about 1878, and was especially active in promoting the Skaneateles Lake water supply project, being also an attorney for the Syracuse Water Board. In every movement having the welfare and advancement of the city in view he has always taken a keen interest. In 1894 he again received the appointment of internal revenue collector by President Cleveland, which office he still holds. May 3, 1886, he married Mrs. Augusta H. Kelly. Wynkoop, Jonathan G. , Syracuse, of Holland ancestry, and son of Rev. Peter S. Wynkoop, a Dutch Reformed clergyman (born in Kinderhook, N. Y. , in 1788, died in 1848), and Margaret Gosman, his wife (of New York city, died in Ghent, N. Y., about 1832), was born in Ghent, Columbia Co., May 13, 1824, one of five sons and seven daughters, of whom four sons became prominent booksellers, one in Hudson, another in Kingston, N. Y., and two in Syracuse. He attended Kinderhook Acad emy, and afterward joined his brothers in the book business in Hudson from 1841 to 1845. He then came to Syracuse, and with Rev. Joseph Myers opened a book store in the Syracuse House block. In 1848 he was joined by his brother, Robert G., and leaving the store just mentioned, the two opened a similar establishment where Brown & Dawson now are, whence it was removed four years later to the store just FAMILY SKETCHES. 435 south. The brothers continued in partnership until 1870, when Jonathan G. with drew, leaving Robert G. to carry on the store, till a few years ago. In 1873 Jona than G. Wynkoop joined the firm of Judson, Williams & Co. in a large lumber busi ness, having mills at Oswego and elsewhere. He is still interested in the lumber trade, and since 1878 has been a director and the secretary and treasurer of the Salt Springs Solar Coarse Salt Company. He has also been interested in various other enterprises, and was one of the founders of the Dutch Reformed church on James street. In 1856 he married Miss Mary Judson Hawley, and they have three children : Mrs. Emma Judson W. Fritts, wife of a physician in Hudson, N. Y., born Jan. 14, 1858; William A., born March 5, 1863, and Dr. Edward Judson Wynkoop, born April 25, 1869. Robert G., Wynkoop, born in Catskill, N. Y., Dec. 3, 1816, was graduated from Kinderhook Academy in 1835, taught school in Coxsackie and West Troy, formed a partnership with his brother, Peter S. , in 1838, and engaged in the book trade in Hudson, N. Y. , until 1841, when he opened a book store in Auburn. In 1848 he came to Syracuse, where he became the second oldest merchant in the city. He was one of the incorporators and for several years vice-president of the Onon daga County Savings Bank, a director in the New York State Banking and Trust and Deposit Companies; a trustee of Oakwood Cemetery, Old Ladies' Home, and Onondaga County Orphan Asylum, and one of the incorporators and for some time president of the Genesee and Water Street Railway Company. He died in April, 1891. In 1846 he married Miss Caroline C. Wood, of Auburn, who died in March, 1870, leaving two sons, James S. and Robert G. , jr. , and one daughter, Mrs. Charles G. Redfield, of Glen Haven, N. Y. Eckel, Peter, Syracuse, is a native of Syracuse, and was born Feb. 7, 1855. His father, Jacob Eckel, a resident of this city, came here from Germany in 1838, and boiled the first bushel of fine salt in Onondaga Co., with which industry he was long connected. He married Barbara Morningstar and had nine sons and one daughter: Sophia (Mrs. John Kline, deceased), Jacob, jr., Peter, Louis, Philip, John, Frank, Louis, 1st (deceased), and William (deceased). Peter Eckel spent his youthful life in various occupations, such as working in a cooper shop, in a heading and stave mill, driving on the canal, in a broom factory, etc. , and at the age of ten became an employee in the Syracuse Iron Works, where he remained most of the time for about ten years. He then went to Troy, N. Y. , in the employ of the Troy Iron and Steel Works. On Feb. 18, 1874, he returned to Syracuse and accepted a position with the Sweet's Manufacturing Company, with which he has since been connected. Eight months later he became a foreman, and within two years had charge of two trains of rolls. Seven years afterwards he was made superintendent, and in 1886 he was appointed general manager of the manufacturing establishment, a position he has ever since filled with marked ability. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. , and for three years was treasurer of the Central City Mutual Benefit Society. In' 1877 he married Sarah, daughter of James Carlin, of Syracuse, and has one child, Mabel May. Colton, Charles Erastus, Syracuse, only son and child of Calvin and Susan E. (Nottingham) Colton, was born in Burnet street, Syracuse, Nov. 12, 1847. Erastus Colton, father of Calvin and grandfather of Charles E. , came with his wife (whose maiden name was Brewer) from Long Meadow, Mass., to Oran, in the town of Pom- 436 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. pey, about 1800. There Calvin was born in 1813. Calvin Colton came to Syracuse in 1840," and" until 1863 was engaged in the lumber business, being a member of the firms of Gifford & Colton and Colton & Baker. In 1863 he retired from active life. His wife's parents, Jacob A. and Eleanor Nottingham, came from Ulster Co. to De witt in 1833. Charles E. Colton was graduated from the Syracuse High School in 1861, followed several occupations with only indifferent success, finally studied archi tecture, and 1875 entered the office of Archimedes Russell, architect. In 1878 he opened an office for himself, and since then has acquired a foremost rank in the architectural profession, to which his tastes and talents are peculiarly adapted. He designed the new city hall, McCarthy's retail store, Kirk building, and Robert Gere Bank, the houses of W. L. Smith, William H. Haberle, Dr. Eisner, William Abele, W. C. Gridley, and hundreds of others. June 1, 1867, Mr. Colton married Miss Anna E., daughter of William H. Van Buskirk, of Syracuse, and they have three daugh ters: Alice S., Florence E., and Anna L., all talented and well-known musicians. Eager, James W. , Syracuse, was born in Sampson Co., N. C, Nov. 5, 1846. Dr. Eager, his great-grandfather, was a surgeon iri Bedell's New Hampshire brigade during the Revolutionary war, and on one occasion was captured by the British and taken to Canada, was rescued and piloted back to this regiment by an Indian he had formerly befriended. About 1790 he settled in what is now the town of Dewitt, in Orville, where he practiced medicine until his death, about 1820. His daughter married a grandson of Gen. William Heath, chief of Washington's staff. William Eager, son of the doctor, was long a prominent lawyer in Orville, held several local offices, and died there about 1855. He was an influential member of the Presbyter ian church, and assisted in organizing the First Presbyterian church of Syracuse. He married a daughter of Benjamin Morehouse, the first settler and innkeeper in the original town of Manlius, whose oldest daughter, Sarah, according to Clark (page 233, volume 2), was the second female white child born in Onondaga Co. James W. Eager, sr. , youngest son of William, was born June 17, 1809, and finally moved to North Carolina, where he held various offices, being county clerk, etc. ; in 1865 he returned to Syracuse, and died June 17, 1872. His son, James W. Eager, attended private schools in his native State, and taught school for a time. In Sept., 1863, be fore he was seventeen years old, he entered the Confederate Army and served under Generals Whiting and Bragg till the close of the war. In Sept., 1865, he came to Syracuse and entered the employ of J. W. Barker & Co., salt manufacturers, with whom he remained five years. He was then engaged in the hardware business until 1891, when the Onondaga Dynamo Company, a private concern, was organized. In April, 1895, this company was incorporated with J. W. Eager as president ; David Cronin, vice-president; and Frank R. Eager, secretary and treasurer. They manu facture dynamos and electrical instruments and appliances, and deal in general electric" supplies. Mr. Eager has alwas taken an active interest in public affairs, and on March 9, 1893, was appointed a fire commissioner for a term of four years. Peck, Wilber S., Syracuse, son of Nathan, was born in Solon, Cortland Co., Nov. 27, 1844, and finished his education at the Cortland Academy, teaching school in the meantime in Cortland and Virgil. He came to Syracuse in March, 1864, as clerk for A. C. Yates & Co., manufacturing clothiers, and in 1867 entered into business for himself under the firm name of Gates & Peck, in the old Onondaga House block, re- FAMILY SKETCHES. 437 tail clothiers. In 1869 he purchased his partner's interest and continued until 1874, moving to stores in Empire House block, where his brother, F. A. Peck, was ad mitted under the style of W. S. Peck & Brother. Their business finally outgrew three large stores, and they established a manufacturing and wholesaling depart ment ; in 1882 they moved to a store built for them by John Greenway on Clinton street and discontinued the retail trade. C. A. Shafer was admitted a partner under the name of W. S. Peck, Brother & Co. In 1887, the business having outgrown the old quarters, Mr. Peck erected the present block on West Water street, which is one of the finest structures occupied by any concern in the country. It contains a floor area of one and three-fourths acres. F. A. Peck died while on a business trip through the west in 1890 and the present firm of W. S. Peck & Co. (C. A. Shafer) was organ ized. They employ directly and indirectly, from 2,000 to 2,500 hands and have a pay roll aggregating $200,000 annually. Their business extends throughout the United States. Mr. Peck has been a member and trustee of the First Baptist church since 1869 and for 25 years its treasurer. He is ex-president of the Bureau of Labor and Charities, one of the founders and president of the Central New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, in which he has taken a great interest. He was for several years president of the Y. M. C. A. and was chairman of the build ing and finance committee during the erection of their structure in Syracuse. He has been a director of the Bank of Syracuse since its organization. He is also a trustee of the Syracuse State Institution for Feeble Minded Children, receiving this appointment from Governor Morton. Aug. 22, 1867, he married Alice, daughter of John Ritchie, of this city, and their children are Herbert R. , who is associated in business with his father; Harry J., who died Oct. 8, 1884, and Wilber S., jr., a stu dent in Yale College. Peck, Duncan W. , Syracuse, was born in 1853. His father was the veteran Major- General John J. Peck, who rendered valiant services to his country in both the Mex ican and Civil wars.- Educated in the common schools of 1870 he entered Cornell University. He remained in college but two years, entering the hardware and seed business of E. B. Crofut & Co. After some time spent in this establishment, he be came connected with the firm of John White & Co. , salt manufacturers, and has since that time been extensively identified with the salt interests of Syracuse, being at present a trustee and member of the executive committee of the Onondaga Coarse Salt Association. Mr. Peck has always been a factor in the public affairs of the city, taking a hand in several enterprises which resulted in great good to the city and its citizens. He was one of the most enthusiastic supporters of the Skaneateles water project; and labored assiduously towards the culmination of the scheme of giving this city a pure water supply. He has always been active in furthering theHnterests of the veteran soldiers, and has shown a warm devotion to their cause. He was conspicuous among the promoters of the soldiers' monument plan, and with' others was instrumental in bringing that scheme into active life. He was chairman of sev eral ward meetings which culminated in the incorporation of the Memorial Monument Association. Mr. Peck has always been Democratic in politics. In 1887, when he was first elected overseer, he had a plurality of 1,100 over two candidates and in the following year, when he was re-elected, his plurality climbed to 2,888. In the fall of 1892 he was elected to the assembly from the first district by a plurality of 129 over his Republican competitor for the office in a district normally Republican by 1,900. 438 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. In 1894 he was nominated for mayor by the Democratic party and in the tidal wave of Republicanism of that year was defeated by less than 200 votes in the hardest political contest ever waged in Syracuse. Hardisty, George H., D. D. S., Syracuse, son of George, was born in New Hart ford, N. Y., Feb. 13, 1859, and was educated in the public and High schools of Utica. He was graduated from the Utica Business College and began the study of dentistry with Dr. George F. Horsey, of that city, after which he entered the Philadelphia Dental College and Hospital of Oral Surgery, from which he was graduated in 1884. He was a clinical instructor in crown and bridge work in various cities in the United States and Mexico, and in 1889 came to Syracuse, where he acquired a good profes sional practice. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias and of the Onondaga County and Fifth District Dental Societies, and was a delegate to the State Dental Society for four years. In 1885 he married Miss Adda Roffee, of Clyde, N. Y. James, Edwin, Syracuse, was born in Somersetshire, England, was educated in the public schools, and learned the trade of printer with the celebrated Unwin Brothers, of London, book publishers. In .1880 he came to America and settled in Syracuse, as foreman for the Barnes & Allen Manufacturing Co., manufacturers of printing stamps, etc., whom he succeeded in business in Aug., 1891. His line of goods consists of rubber stamps and outfits, seal presses, stencils, steel letters, type, etc. He also does job printing. He married, in 1879, Katharine J. Spicer, of Dor setshire, England, and has one daughter, Marguerite S. Friedel, William, Syracuse, son of Andrew, was born in Alsace, Germany, April 24, 1847, came to America with his widowed mother in 1853, and settled in Syracuse, where the latter died in 1859. He served in the 3d N. Y. Lt. Art. in the civil war and returning home became a barber. In 1873 he engaged in the liquor business, which he still continues, and since May, 1883, has been in partnership with John Gebhardt. He was prominently connected with the old Greenway Guards and at tained the rank of lieutenant. He married, April 8, 1867, Jennie Oswald, a native of Syracuse, and their children are Maggie, William A., Jennie, and three deceased. Davis & Brennan, Syracuse. — This enterprising firm is composed of William A. Davis and William H. Brennan and was organized Jan. 1, 1887, at which time two stores were purchased in the Empire House block on North Salina and West Genesee streets — the one on the corner of William H. Acker, and the other a little west of Frederick J. Baker. Six months later they closed out the last named store, and Feb. , 1891, they bought the Park cigar store on the corner of East Genesee and Fayette streets. On May 16, 1893, they purchased the block in which that store is located from the Yates estate, and on Jan. 1, 1894, the store in the Third National Bank building on the corner of North Salima and James streets was added to their busi ness. Both are young and progressive, and by rare ability combined with strict in tegrity have successfully established an extensive and growing trade. They carry on a large wholesale and retail cigar and tobacco business, mainly through the lead ing citizens of Syracuse, but considerably among the residents of neighboring towns. Mr. Davis is a charter member of the Syracuse Bowling Club, and also belongs to the S. A. A. and Citizens Club. Mr. Brennan is a member of the C. B. L. , the A. O. H., the Citizens Club, the Catholic Union, and S. A. A. FAMILY SKETCHES. 439 Thomas, Otto A., M. D., Syracuse, was born in Syracuse Sept. 14, 1857. His father, Christopher Thomas, came to this city from Germany about 1840, followed the business of stone mason and contractor and sunk many of the wells inside the corporation, and died here in 1863, leaving three children: Otto A., our subject; Elizabeth (Mrs. George Smith), of Syracuse; and Philip, of Texas. His wdfe's death occurred in 1882. Otto A. Thomas was educated in the public and high schools of this city, and was graduated from the Syracuse Medical College in 1885, beginning his practice immediately afterward in the city of his birth and succeeded in building up a large and growing business. He is a member of the Onondaga County Medical Society and of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine, and also belongs to the fraternal organization of I. O. O. F. He was married in Aug., 1885, to Lavina E. Burdick, of Baldwinsville. Wakefield, Frank M., Syracuse, born in Westmoreland Co., Pa., Oct. 26, 1854, was educated in the schools of his birthplace and in Johnstown and Blairsville, Pa., and at the age of twenty entered the Bessemer department of the Cambria Iron Co. , at Johnstown, where he remained three years. He was then engaged for one year on the surveys of the Tyrone and Clearfield branch of the Pennsylvania railroad, one year on similar work on the Paris, Georgetown, and Franklin railroad, Ky., and from 1882 to 1886 on the surveys of the South Penn. railroad. For two years he was identified with the real estate business of the late firm of J. S. Wakefield & Son in Latrobe, Pa., and in the fall of 1888 he came to Syracuse, where he has since been connected with the water board, being assistant to W. R. Hill, and having charge of the parties making the surveys and locations for the new water works. Winter & Smith, Syracuse. — Henry W. Winter, the senior member of this well known firm of clothiers, was born in Germany, July 11, 1856, and came to America with his parents in 1867 settling in Syracuse. He completed his education at the age of fourteen and then entered his father's shop to learn the tailor trade. In 1875 he became a clothing cutter for Nicholas Peters & Company, and soon afterward was made manager of their clothing department, a position he held for more than twelve years. Bart Smith, the junior member of the firm was born in Fayetteville, April 6, 1857, and received his education in the schools of his native town. In 1876 he be came clerk of the Congress Hall Hotel in Syracuse, and held that position three years, when he opened a restaurant in East Genesee street, which he conducted for two years. He then had charge of the Kingsley House for a period of six years. On Oct. 19, 1882, he married Ida M., daughter of Jacob Knapp, of Syracuse, by whom he has one son. On Feb. 1, 1890, the firm of Winter & Smith was formed and ever since then it has enjoyed a prosperous existence. They conduct an extensive retail business as dealers in men's, youths', and children's clothing, and constitute one of the leading firms of the city. Keller, Joseph, Syracuse, son of Bernhard C, was born in Otisco, Onondaga Co., Feb. 14, 1852. His father was a farmer in Otisco, later a cigar manufacturer in Tully and in Fulton, and subsequently a dry goods merchant in Syracuse, where he now resides; he married, first, Ida Litz, who bore him seven children, and second Amelia Borgwart, by whom he had three children. Joseph Keller received a public school education. At an early age he entered his father's cigar shop, but soon en gaged in the tinning business in Fulton, where he remained three years. In 1870 he 440 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. came to Syracuse and followed his trade until June, 1889, when he engaged in busi ness for himself in partnership with Cyrus T. Howes, under the style of Howes & Keller, which still continues. The firm does a general plumbing business, including steam and gas fitting, hot water heating, tinning, etc. In 1875 Mr. Keller married Clara A., daughter of Herman Engel, of Syracuse. They have four children: Will iam J., Clara A., Charles C, and Walter C. Rauch Furniture Co., Syracuse. — Matthew Rauch, the founder of the Rauch Furni ture Company, was born in Alsace, Germany, Sept. 23, 1822, came to this country in 1834, and, with the exception of a short time in the West, lived in Syracuse until his death on May 15, 1892. About 1856 he engaged in the furniture business in his house on the corner of North Salina and Laurel streets, whence he moved to the Washington block, from there to Corinthian hall, and a few years later to his own block at No. 202 North Salina street, where the firm which succeeded him is now located. Mr. Rauch was one of the leading furniture dealers and prominent busi ness men of Syracuse. He was at times a member of Maurer's, Pierson's and the 7th Brigade Bands, an old member of the Church of the Assumption, and a charter member of St. Joseph's Society. In 1843 he married Susan Remlinger, a native of Alsace, Germany, who came to America when thirteen years of age, and who, with eight of their nine children, survives him, viz. : Joseph M., Frank A., George, John A. , Charles (deceased), Rose, Mrs. Elizabeth Moosbruger, Mrs. Julia Hopstein, and Mrs. Frank Traugott, all of Syracuse. Mr. Rauch was a life long Democrat and somewhat active in local politics. Gale, Leander, Syracuse, son of John and Sophia (Gilbert) Gale, was born in Oneida, Madison Co., Feb. 10, 1849. John Gale was a mason and builder, a staunch abolitionist, one of the oldest Masons in that section, for many years a school trustee in Oneida, and died there in 1868. His wife survives him and is a prominent mem ber of the Eastern Star Lodge. Their living children are W. Hector, editor and publisher of the Oneida Free Press, and Leander and Hulcer M., of Syracuse. Dur ing the war of the Rebellion Leander Gale was engaged in carrying dispatches through the country on horseback and also carried soldiers from Oneida to Hamil ton. This work in 1864 brought him to Syracuse, where he became a bellboy in the old Sherman House, which stood on the site of the present Larned block. Later he engaged in the liquor business, with which he has ever since been identified, first in the Empire House, then in the Syracuse House, afterwards in the Vanderbilt for eight years, and since 1881 in his present place. In June, 1881, he formed a part nership with George G. Campbell and in 1882 they opened the new Wieting Annex ; the firm was dissolved in 1884, and since then Mr. Gale has continued alone. He is one of the best known and most popular men in Syracuse. He is a member of the K. P., Elks, Royal Arcanum, Citizens Club, Business Men's Association, Onondaga Club, etc. He was married in 1872 and has five children: Eva M. and Harriet S., graduates of the High School, and Elizabeth Mary, Mertilla Effa, and Leander, jr. Zinsmeister, John, Syracuse, son of Christian, was born in Germany, Oct. 12, 1855, and came to America and settled in Syracuse with his widowed mother in 1870. Her people had preceded this family to this city, coming here in 1846, and here she died in May, 1881. He early apprenticed himself to the tailor's trade, which he fol lowed successfully until 1882, when he engaged in the retail boot and shoe business, FAMILY SKETCHES. 441 In this he has been equally fortunate, having built up one of the largest trades of the kind on the north side of the canal. In April, 1882, he married Miss Johanna Gensel, of Syracuse, and has one daughter, G. Ada. Fisher, Charles J., Syracuse, son of John H., was born at Manlius Station, in this county, Oct. 8, 1864, and was educated there and at the Northwestern College at Naperville, 111., graduating from that institution in 1884. He then became a clerk in his father's store and was subsequently cashier of the Leslie store for Andrews Brothers, of Syracuse, where he remained two years. They made him manager of their North Salina street store at that time and two years later he bought them out. This store he gave up in April, 1891. In Nov., 1891, he started a store in a part of the building now occupied by Kieffer Brothers which he discontinued in May, 1892. In March of the latter year he purchased the Columbia market of Mowry & Barnes, and has since successfully conducted a large business, consisting of meats, provi sions, etc., both retail and wholesale, and making a specialty, owing to excellent facilities, of general hotel trade. In Aug., 1886, Mr. Fisher married Miss Zelia May, daughter of J. Frank Andrews, of Syracuse. Worth & Allmang, Syracuse. — George H. Worth, son of John, a German by birth, and a soldier in the American Rebellion, was born in Orville, in 1862, was educated in Syracuse, and began life in a tobacco store. In 1878 he commenced learning the barber's trade, which he has since followed. He was married in 1883 and has one child, Florence L. Charles L. Allmang, jr., son of Charles, also a German by birth, was born in 1858, in Syracuse, where he was educated He started first in a dry goods store, and in 1872 began the trade of a barber, which he has followed to the present time. Married in 1881, he has one child, Harold E., born in 1886. The firm of Worth & Allmang was formed in 1887. Hipkens & Smith, Syracuse, started their present business in Feb., 1883, and con ducts a general line of plumbing and gas and steam fitting, and in connection carry a large stock of artistic electric light chandeliers. The firm, composed as it is of two young men of recognized ability, has since its inception established one of the lead ing enterprises of the kind in Syracuse. Both members were born in this city in 1865 and thror. gh long apprenticeships have thoroughly familiarized themselves with the trade. Frank J. Hipkens, the senior partner, was first with P. J Gilroy and then with the late Alfred Tily each four years and afterwards with P. J. Dunn for six years. George H. Smith learned his trade with Edward Joy and later was in the employ of P. J. Dunn. Ketcham, Charles H., Syracuse, son of Frederick, was born at Rock Island, 111., May 20, 1855, was graduated from the Academy of Illinois in 1872, and began rail roading as a messenger in the office of the Chicago & Alton at Delevan, 111. He be came telegraph operator there and steadily rose to ticket agent, freight agent, yard master, train dispatcher, train master, and in 1890 to the position of assistant super intendent of the West Shore Railroad at Buffalo and superintendent of the Dunkirk, Allegany Valley & Pittsburg. On Feb. 1, 1893, he was made superintendent of the West Shore Railroad and moved to Syracuse, still holding the same office on the D., A. V. & P. April 13, 1881, Mr Ketcham married Emma B., daughter of Henry Hill, of Chicago. They have two children, Charles Brower and Lillian Vaughn, did 442 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Sherwood, Joseph M. , Camillus, was born in Camillus, Feb. 23, 1854, son of Mat thew and Betsey (Porter) Sherwood, and grandson of Joseph and Abigail Sherwood. who moved with their family to Camillus from Ballston in 1827. The parents and grandparents died at the homestead. The father, aged 69, mother, aged 65, and grandmother, aged 95, all dying in 1886. The grandfather was killed by falling from a barn on the place in 1835. Mr. Sherwood and Ida, now Mrs. A. E. Smith, jr., are the only children. In 1877 Mr Sherwood married Mary L. Wright, of Elbridge, has two children, Laurel M. and Carrie A. He has a farm of 245 acres and follows general farming and dairying. • Agan, Patrick H., Syracuse, was born in Watertown, N. Y., June 10, 1817, and being orphaned at the age of nine years spent some time in the family of Judge Ten Eyck. In 1836 he went to Detroit, Mich. , but the next spring came to Liverpool, Onondaga Co., where he entered the employ of his brother-in-law, Sampson Jaqueth, a large salt manufacturer. On Jan. 1, 1846, Mr. Agan formed a partnership with A. L. Smith as publisher of the Syracuse Standard, and continued as its political editor for twenty years and four months. In 1848 Moses Summers purchased Mr. Smith's in terest in the paper. Mr. Agan became clerk of the Board of Supervisors in 1850, county treasurer in 1858, postmaster under President Lincoln in 1862, the first secretary of the Syracuse, Phoenix & Oswego Railroad Company in Nov , 1871, and first secretary and treasurer of the Syracuse Board of Trade in 1887. He was also for many years sec retary of the Onondaga County Agricultural Society. Mr. Agan was deeply inter ested in the Adirondack region, made his first visit there in 1857, and was largely in strumental in the creation of the State Park, writing numerous articles to the Stand ard suggesting its propriety, and drawing up and forwarding to the Legislature a petition which materially aided in consummating the project. He also advocated the construction of the Syracuse Northern Railroad and favored many other local en terprises. He was a clear and concise writer, not only on political subjects and matters of general interest, but on historical topics, upon which he contributed valuable pa pers to local annals. He was originally a Democrat, became a Free Soiler and radi cally espoused the cause of anti-slavery, then acted with the Republicans until after the Greeley campaign, and finally advocated Democratic principles. He died Feb. 21, 1896. Betts, Samuel T., Syracuse, son of Lewis Betts, a merchant in Onondaga Co. for over forty years, and who died in Syracuse in Jan., 1894, was born in this city, July 6, 1854. In April, 1886, after being associated with a local mercantile house in Syra cuse for eighteen years, a part of the time as buyer and head salesman, he engaged in business for himself as a merchandise broker, representing some of the largest importers and jobbers in this country. He cbntinued successfully in this business for two years, when he was called to the management and held the office of general secretary of the Y. M. C. A. in Portland, Me. In the spring of 1889 he returned to Syracuse, where he has since conducted a large real estate and investment agency. Mr. Betts is one of the most prominent real estate dealers in Central New York and probably enjoys the largest and best patronage of any man connected with the busi ness. He is said to have the finest offices in the country. He is a staunch Republi can and a member and director of the city and county Republican Clubs, and also a prominent member of the Syracuse Y, M. C. A. He is oile of the managers of the FAMILY SKETCHES. 443 Business Men's Association and chairman of its entertainment committee. He was secretary of the Onondaga Centennial Committee in 1894, arranged the memorable parade on the occasion of the Centennial Celebration and spent much time and money in making the affair a grand success. Mr. Betts is a member of the financial committee of the Bureau of Labor and Charities, a trustee of the Syracuse Free Dis pensary and a member of the executive committee; a mauager of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children ; an influential member of the Onondaga Histor ical Society, the Citizens Club, and several other prominent organizations, and one of the leading citizens of Syracuse. Silas Betts, president of the American Guernsey Cattle Club, is an uncle of Samuel T. Betts, and was born in Borodino on May 9, 1828. He was educated at Onondaga and Homer Academies, taught school in Belle Isle, and was graduated from the Albany State Normal school in 1849. He then followed school teaching until 1864, being for seven years principal of one of the public schools of Syracuse. . Since then he has devoted his time largely to farming and breeding Guernsey cattle near Camden, N. J. He was one of the organizers of the A. G. C. C. and has been its president since 1890. Kraus, Kilian, Syracuse, watchmaker and jeweler, attended the old Government Horological College in Furtwangen, Baden, Germany, from 1861 to 1864, a period of four years. In 1868 he came to Syracuse and in 1872 established himself in business as a dealer in fine watches of all grades, jewelry, diamonds, etc., and as a repairer of fine watches. He has continued at his present location, 352 South Salina street, for ten years. Walier, Joseph, Syracuse, is a native of Switzerland, where he was born in Dec, 1832, and learned his trade of candy maker in Austria. He followed that occupation in Austria, Poland, France, Spain, Cuba, and San Domingo (Hayti), and came from the latter place to New York city in 1852. In 1854 he removed to Syracuse, where he has ever since resided. For the first ten years he worked at candy making for Reuben Wood. In 1866 he started business for himself as a candy manufacturer in partnership with Frederick Ehrhardt, the firm name being Walier & Ehrhardt, which continued until 1887 when Mr. Walier became sole proprietor. In 1894 his son Joseph C. was admitted as a partner under the name of Joseph Walier & Son. For many years the business was conducted on the corner of Clinton and Walton streets; in 1893 the present brick block on the corner of North Salina street and Catawba was completed and occupied. The business is confined to the manufacture of high grade candies and extends over nearly every State east of the Mississippi River. Mr. Walier was alderman of the Second ward in 1879-80 and is a member and treasurer of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A. M. He was married in 1865 to Miss Christina Hoffman, a native of Baden, Germany, who has borne him four chil dren: Christina, Emma, Catherine, and Joseph C. Gang, Charles H., Syracuse, was born in the First ward of Syracuse, April 8, 1860, and is a son of Joseph Gang, a stationary engineer, who was born in Alsace, Ger many, in 1827, came to America and settled in this city about 1850, and died in July, 1891. He attended the public schools, and at the age of thirteen became a cash boy in D. McCarthy & Co.'s retail store. Later he had charge of their elevators and steam plant for four years, after which he was engaged in the restaurant business in 444 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. North Salina street in the old Graff Hall. One year afterwards he formed a part nership with Anthony Hahn, as Hahn & Gang, and opened the Mansion House in South Franklin street, which continued for ten years. In 1891 he purchased Mr. Hahn's interest, and has since been sole proprietor. In 1893, in partnership with John Weaver, as Weaver & Gang, he opened the Toogood House, the leading hotel in Canastota, and on April 15, 1895, with F. T. Wedge, under the firm name of Wedge & Gang, he opened the Hotel Imperial in South Salina street, both of which he still continues. He was also for several years heavily interested in trotting horses, and was one of the organizers and for a time president of the Central City Novelty Com pany. He is a prominent member of the C. M. B. A., C. B. L., and Knights of St. John. Bought out the interest of Helbard of the firm of Helbard & Garlock, now known as Garlock & Co. Dunfee, John, Syracuse, whose father, Edward, was a native of Ireland, and for some years prior to his death was a resident of Syracuse, was born in this city in the Fourth ward, March 16, 1851. With limited educatian and compelled by circum stances to support himself, he started in life as a newsboy and bootblack and in business as a dealer in horses, buying his first horse for $8. He became the largest horse dealer in Western and Central New York, was widely known and continued the business ten years. He bought large numbers of horses in Canada and else where and shipped them to city markets, mainly in New York. Finally he began contracting on city and general work and became an extensive operator. He also bought and sold considerable real estate, and at times was heavily interested in various business enterprises, nearly all of which proved successful. In 1890 he established his note brokerage and since then has probably conducted more business than any two similar concerns in the city. He is now a director and one of the heaviest stockholders in the Haberle Crystal Spring Brewing Company and a large shareholder in the Syracuse Electric Light and Power Company. In 1875 he mar ried Annie, daughter of Charles Shortel, of Syracuse. Finkbeiner, George, Syracuse, was born in Freidenstatte, Wurtemberg, Germany, Jan. 6, 1824, and came to America in 1851, settling in Syracuse, where he has ever since resided. He received a good general education in Germany, where he learned his trade of cabinetmaker and also served in the regular army for four years, a part of the time during the revolution of 1848-49. At the close of the war he went to Switzerland, whence he emigrated to this country. In 1857 he started his present cabinet and repair shop. Beginning poor, but endowed with all the sterling traits of thrift and perseverance which characterize the German race, Mr. Finkbeiner has been eminently successful and is thoroughly a self-made man. He is public spirited, liberal, and active in all reforms, and has been identified with the Republican party since its organization. He is elder, deacon, and secretary of the German Lutheran Evangelical church and has been superintendent of its Sunday school about six years. In 1856 he married Elizabeth Catherine Kreyss, a native of Prussia, Ger many, by whom he had nine children : Philip, Mary, Carrie, Elizabeth, Clara, Annie, Matilda, George, and two deceased. Doust, Alfred G., M.D., Syracuse, is a son and the fifth child of William U. Doust, who came here from England with his wife, Sarah, about 1855, and was born in Ged des on March 18, 1864. His parents and five brothers and three sisters are all living. FAMILY SKETCHES. 445 After attending the public and high schools of this city he finished his literary edu cation at the Northwestern University in Evanston, 111., and then entered the Medical Department of Syracuse University, from whioh he was graduated June 10, 1887. He began the practice of his profession in New Hartford, N. Y., where he was a member of the Oneida County and Utica Medical Societies, and in the fall of 1889 took a post-graduate course in the New York Post-Graduate School and Hos pital, after which he settled in Syracuse, where he has since resided. He is physi cian of the 13th ward for Onondaga Co. and for three years was physician of the same ward for the city. He is a member of the Onondaga Co. Medical Society, the Syracuse Academy of Medicine, the Royal Arcanum, and the English society of the Sons of St. George, of which he is also the medical examiner. Sept. 25, 1889, he married Mary Louise, daughter of Robert Service, of New Hartford, N. Y. Van Heusen, Stephen Van Rensselaer, jr., Syracuse, was born in Syracuse, Oct. 17, 1841, where he has been a lifelong resident. His father. Stephen Van Rensse laer Van Heusen, sr. , born in Rensselaer Co., Dec. 1, 1808, came to Syracuse in 1826 and died here May 11, 1895, being one of the oldest if not the old,est continuous resi dent of the county. He was a blacksmith by trade, but for several years was en gaged in buying and selling real estate. His wife whom he married in 1833, was Phebe Weaver Lee, of Oneida Co. She died Sept 16, 1889. Three children sur vive: Mrs. A. P. Wheeler, Mrs. C. S. Ball, and S. YT. R. Van Heusen, jr. The latter, afte: finishing his education in the public schools of this city, became a clerk in the hardware store of Giles Everson, where he remained ten years, when he was made a member of the firm, which was styled Everson, Frissell & Co., in which capacity he continued for another ten years. About 1880 he opened his present real estate office. In the fall of 1864 he enlisted in Battery D, 3d N. Y. Art., and served till the close of the war, being promoted orderly sergeant, and being now a member of Root Post G. A. R. He was married in June, 1866, to Charlotte L., daughter of Edwin R. Smith, of Geddes, and they have two daughters, Genevieve and Marion. Steele, Herbert A., Syracuse, was born in Waterbury, Conn., Jan. 26, 1857, at tended the Episcopal Academy at Cheshire, became successively a bookeeper two years, a coal dealer five years, and a commercial traveler, and in May, 1888, settled in Syracuse, where he has since resided. He engaged in the portrait business in 1889 and in 1890 established his present office, making fine crayon and other artistic portraits. In 1893 he married Mary B. Elwell, of Chicago. Ormsbee, Lucius J., Syracuse, the oldest merchant in continuous and active busi ness in Syracuse, was born in Manlius on Aug. 31, 1825. Jacob Ormsbee, his father, a native of Herkimer Co., came to Manlius at a very early day, moved thence to Syracuse, where he built many of the prominent earlier buildings, among them the Globe Hotel and the Onondaga Co. Orphan Asylum, and died here in 1893, aged 87. He also erected a number of the early structures in Baldwinsville, whither he moved in 1828, remaining until about 1848, when he went to Jordan, whence he came to Syracuse. Of his five children two died young, and three are living: Lucius J. Ornisbee and Mrs. John Leary in this city, and Mrs. Charles G. Graves, in Jordan. Lucius J. Ormsbee received a classical education at Barber's academy and Melanc- ton Stilwell's school in Baldwinsville, and on Sept. 1, 1840, became a clerk for Nor ton, Dow & Marvin in that village. Two years later their business was merged into 446 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. that of Betts & Downer, and Mr. Ormsbee continued with them for two years more. In 1844 he came to Syracuse and founded the business in which he has ever since been engaged — that of stationer, etc. He has carried on this trade uninterruptedly for a period of fifty-five years, and is still active in the details necessary to its suc cess. He has always been a radical abolitionist, and has run for every office on that ticket except president of the United States. He was secretary and treasurer and a member of the executive committee of the underground railroad from its organiza tion until its disbandment. was one of the active participants in the famous Jerry Rescue, and always escaped arrest while many of his copatriots found themselves within the hands of the law. No man in the county was more intimately connected with this commendable organization, and much of the success attained by the local body of patriotic citizens was due to his vigilance and enterprise. In 1848 Mr. Ormsbee married Caroline Coombs, of Jordan, and has three children living: L. Frank, Henry Jerome, and Mrs. Carrie A. Patterson, all of Syracuse. Earle, William L., Syracuse and Tully, son of William R. and Maria (Stewart) Earle, was born in Truxton, N. Y., June 15, 1846, and received his education in the common schools of his native town, working meanwhile on his father's farm. Sept. 4. 1861, he enlisted as a private in Co. A, 76th N. Y. Vols., and served three years. Returning home he engaged in business as a contractor in a sash and blind factory at Binghamton, N. Y. , which he continued seven years. He then moved to Cortland and opened a picture and art store, and after two year sold out and went to Broome Co. to settle his father-in-law's estate. Later he removed to Tully, Onondaga Co., and read medicine with his brother, Dr. George W. Earle, and while there became interested in the furniture and undertaking business, which he has since followed. In Aug., 1893, he formed a partnership in Syracuse with James G. Williams, as Earle & Williams, and on March 14, 1894, became sole proprietor. He was one of the originators of the Undertakers' Association of New York State in 1879, and was elected chairman of the grievance committee at the first convention, which was held at Utica. Since then he has held every important office in the organization, having been vice-president, president, chairman of the executive committee, etc. He was chairman of the delegations to the International Undertakers' Convention in 1892 and 1893, has organized local societies in nine counties of this State, and is one of the leading undertakers in, Central New York. He was largely instrumental in organizing the Onondaga County Undertakers' Association of which he was the first vice-president and for three years the president. He was an officer of the vil lage of Tully, where he resides, for twelve years, being president four years, and in 1883 became a member of the Methodist church there, in which he has filled all the offices, resigning as secretary and treasurer of the board of stewards upon becoming interested in business in Syracuse. For fourteen successive winters he has done evangelical work in Central New York without remuneration. In 1889 he organized the Tully Furniture Manufacturing Company, of which he was president for one year, when he disposed of his interest therein. He was also a wagon manufacturer in that village for five years. He was one of the prime movers in organizing the Tully water and electric light commission in Dee., 1895, and was made and is still its president. In 1888 he organized Goodelle Post, No. 593, G. A. R., and has been its commander ever since. He has been a lifelong Republican and often a delegate to FAMILY SKETCHES. 447 to political conventions. Sept. 16, 1864, he married Francis S., daughter of Elijah Baker, of Homer, N. Y., and they have one daughter, Cora L. Hill, James L., Syracuse, the last survivor of one of the oldest families of Pompey, was born in that town March 7, 1830, and is the youngest son and child of Col. En sign and Millie (Marsh) Hill, farmers, who came to that part of Onondaga Co. at a very early day. Colonel Hill was born in Pittsfield, Mass., served in the war of 1812, and obtained his title from holding that position in the old State Militia in Pompey. His children were Ensign W., Charles R. K., Orange E., Mary Ann, William H., and James L. The latter was educated in the common school in Delphi and at the Onondaga Valley Academy, and began active life as a clerk for Allen & Taylor, merchants, in the present Empire block in Syracuse. After spending two years in Michigan he became a clerk for Tefft, Griswold & Kellogg, dry goods deal ers in New York, and while there his health failed. Returning to Pompey in 1861, he engaged in farming until 1864, when he moved to Syracuse and purchased the old Morse farm on the eastern limits of the city, where he has since resided. Mr. Hill was deputy sheriff for three terms under Sheriffs Evans, Cossett, and Edwards, was alderman from the Eighth ward in 1874 and 1875, and in June, 1892, was ap pointed U. S. marshal for the northern district of New York, which position he still holds. He was married in 1858 to Adaline L. , daughter of A. Hamilton Allen, of Delphi, Onondaga Co. They have two children : Everard Allen Hill, a prominent lawyer, and Mary Grace, wife of Girard M. Parce, both of Syracuse. Boynton Bros. (Frank C. and Fred L.), Manlius, successors to J.. L. Boynton, are sons of John L. Boynton. John L. was anative of Springfield, Vt. , and came to this State in 1848, locating in Elmira, N. Y., where he learned the marble cutter's trade. He then came to Fayetteville, being employed with James Mead until 1857. At that time he established a business for himself at Manlius Station. In 1871 he re turned to Fayetteville and bought the old establishment, conducting the one at Man.. lius Station three years longer. He conducted a very successful business up to the time of his death, June 5, 1889. The brothers have taken up the business and are now doing five times the work ever done in the shop before. They make a specialty of statuary. Most of their granite cutting is done at Barre, Vt , where they employ thirteen men in the cutting. They also have an interest in the quarry and sell a great many stones in the rough. Frank C. has been a member of the county com mittee for four years. Both brothers are members of the Masonic order and con nected with the Episcopal church. They were the contractors of the Gaynor water ing trough in the town of Dewitt. They are now constructing a fine monument for the late Police Justice Mulholland, of Syracuse. The average output per year is about $27,000. Foote, F. G., Skaneateles, of the firm of F. G. Foote & Co.. was born in Skan eateles, Dec. 8, 1863, son of Perry Foote, who was born in a log cabin in the town in 1814. He followed farming until his death, which occurred in 1888. F. G. Foote learned the hardware business in Rochester, and then went into business for himself in Skaneateles. The firm carry a full line of hardware, stoves, and house furnishing goods, and is as finely stocked as any in that line. He is one of the leading mer chants there. He sold his interest in the hardware business in Skaneateles F"eb. 1, 1895, and moved to Scranton, taking an interest in the hardware business of Foote 448 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. & Shear Co. He married Katherine Rawson, daughter of the late Judge George W. Rawson, of Rochester. They have one son, Rawson Ward, and one daughter, Kathryn Louise Foote. Sawyer, George C, Syracuse, second son of Rev. George and Mary A. Sawyer, and only brother of Hon. A. H. Sawyer, an eminent lawyer of Watertown and for several years judge of Jefferson Co., was born in Malone, N. Y., March 1, 1839, and until the age of twelve "itinerated" with his father, a Methodist clergyman. He was educated at Falley Seminary in Fulton, and intended to enter Union College, but on account of typhoid fever was obliged to abandon college after preparing to enter senior year. After studying under private tutors for two years he entered the law office of S. N. Dada, of Fulton, and was admitted to the bar April 4, 1861. He then formed a copartnership with his preceptor, which continued till Nov. 29, 1865, when he became State agent for the Travelers Insurance Company, of Hartford, Conn., a position he has ever since held. In 1866 he came to Syracuse to reside. He has long been a member and officer of the First M. E. church, and has served as president of the Syracuse M. E. Union, New York State Sunday School Association, Young Men's Christian Association, New York State Y.M.C.A., and Syracuse Land and Improvement Company, and vice-president of the Thousand Island Park Associa tion. He is also identified with various other enterprises and institutions. Nov. 12, 1862, he married Miss Julia A. Sabin, of Fulton, N. Y., and their children are Carrie E. , Bertha S. (both graduates of Syracuse University), and Grace J. Helmer, Fremont D., Syracuse, son of Darwin, was born in Mohawk, N. Y., March 20, 1862, and came with his father to Syracuse in 1864. At the age of 15 he became a clerk in the hat store of McClelland Brothers, where he remained five years, when he formed a partnership with them under the firm name of McClelland & Helmer. In 1885 he succeeded to the business, in which he has since continued. He is a mem ber of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A. M., in which he has held many of the offices. Feb. 6, 1882, he married Emma, daughter of Stephen Hopper, of Syracuse, by whom he has one son, Robert Fremont. Darwin Helmer, his father, still resides in Syra cuse, as does also his wife, Julia, a daughter of Henry Stanton, an early match manu facturer. Grimes, Rev. John, Syracuse, third pastor of St. Mary's Roman Catholic church, Syracuse, was born in Ireland in 1853 and received his preliminary education in the national school and with the Jesuit fathers in his native country. In 1874 he entered the classical course in the College of St. Hyacinthe in Canada, from which he was adopted into the diocese of Albany. He was sent by Rt. Rev. Francis McNeirney, D. D. , to the Grand Seminary of Montreal, where he completed his theological train. ing, and received from Rt. Rev. Dr. Fabre, bishop of Montreal, the several degrees preparatory to the sacerdotal order. On Sunday, Feb. 19, 1882, he was ordained to the priesthood in the cathedral of the Immaculate Conception at Albany by Rt. Rev. Dr. McNeirney. His first appointment was as assistant to the late Rev. Dr. James A. O'Hara, pastor of St. Mary's church, Syracuse, which Dr. O'Hara was then building. This position enabled Father Grimes to show his abilities as an ecclesias tic and a financier, and he rendered valuable aid in completing the structure and organizing the congregation, who became attached to him. In 1884 Bishop McNeir ney removed him to Warren Co., N. Y., but the pastor and people of St. Mary's peti- FAMILY SKETCHES. 449 tioned for his return, and for the first time during his episcopal reign the bishop ac ceded to the request and sent him back. Father Grimes remained with Dr. O'Hara until the erection of the new see of Syracuse and the consecration of the present bishop, Rt. Rev. P. A. Ludden, D.D., who, on June 26, 1887, appointed him pastor of St. Paul's church in Whitesboro, N. Y., with the missions of New Hartford and Holland Patent, over which he faithfully presided until the pastorate of St. Mary's in Syracuse became vacant by the death of Dr. O'Hara. On Jan. 27, 1890, at the month's mind services for the deceased doctor, Bishop Ludden, to the great satis faction of the entire congregation, appointed Father Grimes pastor in charge of the parish, in which he has made many improvements, among them a $12,000 pipe organ. The present membership exceeds that of any other church in Central New York. Pakelnishky, Nathan J., and Moses, Syracuse, are sons of Levi, a large real estate owner in, and a resident of, Syracuse. Nathan J. was born in Poland, Russia, March 11, 1865, came to this country and city with his parents in 1867, graduated from Meads's Business Business College, and in 1882 became a bookkeeper for Levi Levy, a position he still holds. He is a member of the Democratic City Committee and a trustee of congregation Adas Yeshuron and of the Jewish Orphan Asylum in Roch ester, vice-chancellor of Home Lodge No. 119, K. O. P., and a member of the Gene see Club. Moses Pakelnishky was born in Syracuse, July 22, 1869, attended the pub lic schools, and was graduated from Meads's Business College in 1883. He held suc cessively the positions of confidential clerk for Silverstein & Co., general manager for Freeman & Shevelson, and cashier for the Freeman Clothing Company. Both brothers are active in local politics, prominently identified with the Jewish institu tions of the city, and heavily interested in various enterprises. In Feb., 1892, they formed a partnership and succeeded to the concern of Freeman & Shevelson, which they still continue, doing a general brokerage, loan, investment, and real estate business. He is a member of Syracuse Lodge No. 31, B. P. O. E. , Home Lodge No. 118, K. O. P., the Syracuse Athletic Association, and the Genesee and Standard Clubs. Levy, Levi, Syracuse, born in Poland, Russia, in June, 1853, came to America and settled in Syracuse in 1869, was in business in Elmira in 1871-2, was a traveling salesman until about 1880, lived in Scranton, Pa., in 1881-2, and since then has con ducted a large wholesale jewelry business in Syracuse. He is a member of the Standard Club, vice-president of Adas Yeshuron, and a trustee of the Jewish Orphan Asylum in Rochester. He married Minnie Pakelnishky and has one child, Isadore J. Wilson, J. William, Syracuse, son of Rev. James W., an M. E. clergyman, was born in Sodus, N.Y. , Dec. 5, 1857, attended the Geneva High School, was graduated from Cazenovia Seminary in 1875, and from Syracuse University in 1879, was a teacher in the first named institution one year, and began the study of law in Syracuse in 1880 in the office of Sedgwick, Ames & King. Admitted at Rochester General Term in the Spring of 1882, he began practice in Syracuse with Charles iM. Piatt the same year, and later was a member of the firms of Ames, Piatt & Wilson and of Lewis & Wilson ; since 1891 he has practiced alone. He has been 450 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. a director and the attorney of the Bank of Syracuse since its organization, was long the attorney for the Salt Springs National Bank, and is now a trustee of the Adamant Manufacturing Company and a trustee of Plymouth church ; lecturer upon medical jurisprudence in the law school of Syracuse University. A large part of his legal business has been confined to corporation litigation. Mr. Wilson married, in Feb., 1887, Bertha, daughter of E. F. Holden, of Syracuse, and their children are Marian, James Holden, Robert, and Isabel. Hogan, Thomas, Syracuse, son of Thomas, sr., who came to Syracuse from Ireland about 1854 and still lives here, was born in this city Jan. 7, 1858. He received his rudimentary education in the public schools and read law in the offices of Sedg- wicks, Kennedy & Tracy, and Hiscock, Gifford & Doheny, and was admitted to the bar at Utica in Jan., 1879, beginning practice immediately afterward in Syracuse alone, but soon associating himself with his brother, Patrick W. Thomas Hogan, after the death of the latter, continued practice alone until May 1, 1887, when he formed a partnership with Samuel R. Stern, which terminated May 1, 1891. His next partnership and the present one was formed with Edward C. Wright as Hogan & Wright. Mr. Hogan has been unusually successful as a lawyer. His large clientage has been acquired through recognized and legitimate principles of practice. April 27, 1886, he was married to Miss Nellie Elizabeth, daughter of the late John R. Whitlock, long a prosperous and respected merchant of Syracuse. They have two children: Allen Whitlock and Thomas Leo. Patrick W. Hogan was born July 5, 1861, was admitted at Utica in 1882, and prac ticed his profession as junior member of the firm of T. & P. W. Hogan Until his untimely death in May, 1886. He was a talented lawyer and a brilliant future was within his grasp. Popular, witty, and genial, possessing the faculty of making strong friendships, he was a general favorite. In politics he was very active, and for some time served as secretary of the Republican City Committee. His prema ture death cut short a promising career. Ormsbee, James A., Syracuse, son of Stephen D., who was born in Pompey, is a native of Syracuse, born Feb. 4, 1845, being one of a family of seven children, of whom two besides himself, Mrs. Thomas Clune and Mrs. W. B. Mathews, are living. The father died June 30, 1893, aged 74. Educated in the public schools and a local business college he became a clerk and later a commercial traveler, which vocation he followed several years. In 1875 he engaged in the- retail liquor business, and afterwards was for three years local agent for a Rochester brewery. In 1888 he formed a partnership with Edward C. Smith, as Ormsbee & Smith, and engaged in the wholesale liquor trade, which he still continues. He was married in 1873 to AnnaW., daughter of James Durston, of Syracuse, and they have three children : Stephen Clifford, Nina Belle, and Willis Durston. Page, J. Will, is a native of Jackson, Susquehanna Co., Pa., born March 2, 1844, and was educated at the seminary in Binghamton, N. Y. Between the ages of 17 and 22 he taught school winters and worked on the farm summers. He then spent one year in a grocery store, and in 1867 came to Syracuse, where he has since re sided. In 1867 he engaged in business as a commercial traveler, and continued in that occupation until 1877, when he was elected secretary and treasurer of the Com mercial Travelers' Association, an office he held until Jan., 1893, with headquarters FAMILY SKETCHES. 451 in Syracuse. Mr. Page was one of the original five to organize and incorporate this association in 1872, and served as a member of its executive committee until Jan. 1, 1876. In Jan. , 1893, he formed a partnership with George W. Wyatt, as Wyatt & Page, and bought out the fire, employers' liability, and plate glass insurance busi ness of Truair & Wyatt, which they have successfully continued. Mr. Page is a member of Central City Lodge, F. & A. M., and of Central City Chapter and Com mandery, in all of which he has held important offices. He is a prominent Mason, has been representative to the Supreme Lodge of the Royal Arcanum for six years, and is a member and trustee of of the University Avenue M. E. church. In 1871 he married a daughter of the late George Bassett, of Oswego, and has two children : Laura T. , and Jessie M. - Miller, Aaron B., M.D., Syracuse, is a native of Steuben. Oneida Co., N. Y'. Re ceiving a preliminary education in the public and high schools of an adjoining town and at Whitestown Seminary he 'took a classical course under Prof. A. C. Benedict, of Rome, N. Y. , and then entered the University of Maryland at Baltimore, from which he graduated as an M.D. in 1882. He remained in the hospitals of that city one year and in 1883 located permanently in Syracuse, where he married, the same year, Miss Clara, daughter of Dr. W. W. Porter, to whose practice he succeeded besides having a large business of his own. He is professor of gynecology in the Medical Department of Syracuse University and gynecologist to the House of the Good Shepherd and St. Joseph's Hospital. He is also a fellow of the American As sociation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, a member of the American Medical Association, and a frequent contributor to the leading medical journals. Sherlock, Michael F., Syracuse, born in the First ward of Syracuse, July 17, 1858, is a son of Patrick Sherlock, who came from Ireland, as did also his wife, Mary Ryan. They were married here. He had charge of the salt business of J. P. Haskins for many years, and died in Jan., 1859. M. F. was educated in the common schools and in Bridgeman's Classical School of Syracuse, was graduated from Manhattan College in New York city in 1876, studied law with D. B. Keeler, and later with Fuller & Vann, and was admitted to the bar in 1878. His practice has been in Syracuse. May 6, 1887, he married Gladys Coakley, daughter of Michael Coakley, and has two children, Genevieve and W. Sherman. Barnum, William L. , Syracuse, son of Willis S., was born in Syracuse on Jan. 3, 1866. After reading law in the office of Hoyt, Hine & Hoyt and their successors he entered Columbia Law School, from which he was graduated in June, 1889, having been admitted to the bar in May of that year. He became a clerk in the law office of Carter, Hughes & Cravath in New York city for two years, when he returned to Syracuse and formed a partnership with George F. Hine as Hine & Barnum. In 1893 he associated himself with Henry Danziger, jr., under the present firm name of Barnum & Danziger. Olcott, Eugene C, Syracuse, was born in Syracuse, June 16, 1863, obtained his education in the public and high schools of the city, and was graduated from Syra cuse University as B. P., June 18, 1886. He was director of a military school in North Carolina two years, director and instructor in the trade school at the Elmira Reformatory, "and in 1890 returned to Syracuse, where he has since been connected 452 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. with the water board, with the exception of about one year when he was an em ployee of Pierce, Butler & Pierce. Christmas day, 1884, he married Florence A. , daughter of John North, of Syracuse. They have four children: Florence E., John N., Eugene C, and Ruth N. Gifford, Genucius C. , Syracuse, was born in 'the town of Lafayette, Feb. 11, 1850. Daniel Gifford, his father, came from Dutchess Co. , N. Y. , and settled in Dewitt in 1826. He subsequently removed to Lafayette, returned to Dewitt, went thence to the town of Salina, and finally settled in Clay, where he died. He followed the occupation of a farmer, and had born to him three children: Emmett D., and Genu cius C, of Syracuse, and Valentine, who died in Troy. Genucius C. Gifford, after receiving a common English education in the public schools, became a clerk in a large clothing house in Buffalo, whence he returned to Syracuse two years later, where he has ever since been identified with the same business. In 1881 he formed a partnership with F. Von Frankenburg and L. T. Robinson, under the name of Von Frankenburg & Co., and conducted the old Famous Opera Clothing House for five years. Since then he has been connected with the clothing firm of Kent & Miller. He is commander of the local body and quartermaster-general of the State Lodge of Select Knights and a member of the A. O. U. W. In April, 1878, he married Miss Ida M., daughter of D wight Hitchcock, of Syracuse, and they have one son, Harold William. Doyle, Gregory, M.D., Syracuse, one of the most prominent physicians and sur geons in Syracuse, was born in Killena, County' Wexford, Ireland, March 28, 1840 and came with his parents to America when he was one year old. He was educated at St. James Academy in Binghamton and in the classical course of Niagara Uni versity, and pursued his studies in medicine and surgery at Bellevue and University Medical Colleges in New York city, graduating from the latter in 1865. During his professional studies and long afterward he was a valued assistant to that eminent surgeon, Dr. Lewis A. Sayre, of New York, under whose guidance he developed natural adaptabilities for surgical work. After practicing a short time in Bingham ton and in Albany, N. Y. , he settled permanently in Syracuse, where he enjoys an extensive and lucrative surgical practice. He has contributed numerous articles on orthopedic surgery and other subjects to various journals. On Nov. 16, 1880, he read a paper before the New York Central Medical Association in which he recom mended the dressing of Colle's fracture and fractures of the leg with plaster of paris splints made in sections,, and it was soon afterward published m the International Journal of Medicine and Surgery. About two years later an English surgeon pub lished an article on the same subject as something new in dressings. He invented the spiral spring rotator for the automatic eversion or inversion of talipes and illus trated its use before the American Medical Association in 1880. Many other orthopedic appliances were originated by Dr. Doyle. He is a permanent member of the American Medical Association, the Central New York Medical Association, the Onondaga County Medical Society, and was president of the old Syracuse Medical Society. He was appointed president of the U. S. Examining Board of Surgeons at Syracuse and held that position during Cleveland's first administration. He was the official surgeon of the West Shore Railroad from its inception until about 1893, and gratuituously served as surgeon to the House of Providence and St. Vincent de FAMILY SKETCHES. 453 Paul's Orphan Asylum for many years. He has visited Europe three times, making extended tours through the continent and studying a number of the leading institu tions of learning. For several years Dr. Doyle has confined his practice largely to surgical operations, and it is safe to say that he ranks high among the foremost sur geons of the country. In 1868 he married Urania, the accomplished daughter of Justin Morel, a leading merchant of St. Louis, Mo. Rosenthal, Gates L., Syracuse, a native of Prussia, Germany, born in 1855, came to America in 1870, settling in Syracuse and engaging in business as a commercial traveler. Eighteen months later he moved to Adams, Jefferson Co., and followed general merchandising. In 1874 he went to South America, where he embarked in the business of exchanging money, traveling through the republics there for seven, years. Returning to Syracuse in 1881, where he has since resided, he engaged in the clothing trade, having two stores, one being in Muskegon, Mich., which he sold in 1890. In April, 1883, he established his present brokerage business, and in April, 1895, formed a partnership with M. J. Rubinstein under the firm name of G. L. Rosenthal & Co. and engaged in the wholesale jewelry trade. Mr. Rosenthal was a charter member, and is the present treasurer, of the Standard Club. Jan. 25, 1893, he married Belle, daughter of Moses G. Rosenthal, for eight years a teacher in Clinton School, and they have one child, B. Frances. Kearney, William, Syracuse, born in County Derry, Ireland, Feb. 11, 1827, came to America at the age of 18, landing in New York city June 12, 1845. He went direct to Albany and became an apprentice in a cooper shop, and after thoroughly mastering his trade he established a cooperage business for himself there in 1849, which he successfully conducted until 1861, when he started a brewery. He operated the two concerns with marked success until 1868, when he sold out and removed to Syracuse, where he died Dec. 15, 1895. In 1869 he established the present Kearney brewery and malt house on the corner of North Salina and Wolf streets. His first building was 40 by 90 feet in size and the business gave employment to nine men. The plant has gradually increased in dimensions and capacity until now the main structure is 140 by 127 feet, four stories high, with a two-story building in the rear 30 by 90 feet, and a malt house 121 by 36 feet, four stories high, the whole having a capacity of 150 barrels per day and employing about thirty men. The product com prises present-use, stock, and India pale ale and porter, and is sold throughout the city and State and Northern Pennsylvania. The capacity of the malt house is HiO,- 000 bushels. Mr. Kearney was a practical man, and was prominent not only among the leading brewers and maltsters of the State but foremost in all movements benefiting the city of his residence. He "was married in Albany on Jan. 3, 1863, to Maria Anna, daughter of Robert Kelley, and had three sons: William, jr., Joseph F., and Charles B. , all engaged in business under the firm name of William Kearney's Sons. Hofmann, Leo J., Syracuse, son of Joseph A., since 1858 the well-known editor of the Central Demokrat, was born in Syracuse, where he has always resided, March 22 1866. Educated in the public schools and Meads's Business College, he was grad uated from the High School in 1885, and immediately entered his father's printing office, in which he began his practical education. He was also a bookkeeper for two years and foreman of the Demokrat under his brother, Louis C, until the latter's 454 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. death on November 16, 1890, when he assumed the business management, continu ing in that capacity until April 16, 1895, when he took the job printing, steamship ticket business, and insurance departments and started alone for himself. Besides these he was appointed, by Postmaster Northrup, assistant clerk in the money order department, but after eight months' service resigned because his clerical duties inter fered with his other interests. He is a member of the Elks, Branch 36, C. M. B. A., Syracuse Lieder Kranz, Turn Verein, Dehn Council No. 172, C. B. L., St. Bonafacia Society, Pastime Athletic Club, Capitol Club, and treasurer of the Syracuse Press Club. He was married May 7, 1889, to Theresa M., daughter of Joseph Kuntz, of Syracuse, and has two children: Joseph A., and Eunice M. Eddy, Emerson J., Syracuse, son of George W. and Betsey (Crane) Eddy, was born in Pharsalia, Chenango Co.. N. Y., April 1, 1848, and spent his early life on a farm. He was educated in the common schools of his native town and at the Cincinnatus Academy in Cortland Co., graduating from the latter institution in 1868, and in the fall of the same year came to Syracuse as a clerk in the dry goods store of Bennett Brothers. In the spring of 1869 he entered the employ of J. R. Billings, manufac turer of and dealer in tinware, etc., where he learned his trade. After two years Mr. Billings was succeeded by Smith & Ayers, and one year later Mr. Eddy and and Charles Hyden purchased Mr. Smith's interest under the name of Ayers & Co. One year afterward the firm dissolved and the business was closed out. In 1871 Mr. Eddy established his present hardware store in the First ward and has since continued business alone, dealing in hardware, stoves, tinware,- etc., and car rying on a general jobbing trade. He commenced in a small building which is still standing and occupied by him, and erected his present large brick block ad joining in 1889. He was supervisor of the First ward in 1885 and 1886, being chairman of the committee on villages the first year and chairman of the supervisors' committee the second year. He is a member of Central City Lodge No. 305, F. & A. M., of Central City Chapter No. 70, R. A. M., and of Central City. Com mandery No. 25, K. T., being the present commander of the latter body after having passed through nearly all of its chairs. He is also a member of all the Scottish Rite bodies and is now deputy master of the Lodge of Perfection. Mr. Eddy has taken an active interest in Masonry throughout the State and is distinguished by having had conferred upon him the 32d degree. He was one of the originators and a vice-president of the North Side Business Men's Association and prominently identified with the growth and prosperity of that section of the city. Dec. 20, 1871, he married Miss Aveline, daughter of William Beers, of Syracuse, and their chil dren are: George W., Edith May, Gordon C. (deceased), Roba, Lucian C, and Basil. Devoe, Stephen D., Syracuse, is a son of George W. and Cordelia (Williams) Devoe, and was born in the town of Salina on November 14, 1860. His grand father, Henry Devoe, born in 1793, was a very early settler of this county, was a justice of the peace, and died in 1893, aged 100 years and two months. George W., son of Henry, was a farmer, and died in April, 1873, at the age of 55. He had children, of whom five are living. Stephen W. Devoe was educated in the common schools of Salina and Camillus, whither his parents moved in 1868, and was reared on a farm. Leaving school he went to New York city as an entry clerk in a large FAMILY SKETCHES. 455 dry goods house, where he remained about two years. Returning to Syracuse he soon went to California on a visit and after one year returned to this city and accepted a position as clerk in the drug store of C. H. Cushney in the First ward, with whom he remained until 1883, when he started his present drug store on the corner of North Salina and Wolf streets. He conducted both the retail establish ment and a pharmaceutical manufactory alone until Feb. 1, 1891, when W. C. Smith was admitted to partnership under the name of Devoe & Smith and took charge of the latter business. Mr. Devoe is a member of the Syracuse Druggists' Association and also of the New York State Pharmaceutical Association. He was married June 19, 1888, to Lida L., daughter of Eli Near, of Wampsville, Madison Co. Smith, Cornelius W. , Syracuse, was born in Trumansburg, Tompkins Co., N. Y. , May 19, 1845, and was educated in the public schools of Syracuse, in Cortland Academy, and in Hamilton College. He read law in Syracuse and was admitted to the bar in 1869, and since then has successfully practiced his profession in this city, being successively a member of the firms of Smith, Markham & Smith, and Mark ham, Hoyt & Smith, then alone for ten years, and latterly in partnership with Howard P. Denison as Smith & Denison. They practice patent law exclusively, and hold a foremost rank in that specialty. Hyde, Salem, Syracuse, son of Elisha H. and Ellen M. (Botsford) Hyde, both living at Onondaga Valley, was born near Westbury, Cayuga Co., N. Y., June 22, 1846, and came to Syracuse in the spring of 1864. He soon acquired a practical ex perience in the dry goods business, and on June 1, 1879, became a member of the wholesale jobbing firm of Sperry, Neal & Hyde, which, upon Mr. Sperry's death in 1890, became Neal & Hyde, which still continues. Mr. Hyde is a trustee of the Onondaga County Savings Bank, vice-president of the Onondaga County His torical Association, and a member of the local board of the Cortland State Aormal School. He is also a member of the Citizens' Club and prominently identified with the Bureau of Labor and Charities. He has long taken an active interest in municipal and benevolent affairs, in matters of local history, and in the welfare and advancement of the city. As a public speaker he has acquired an enviable reputa tion. He is public spirited and enterprising, and in business as well as socially he has been uniformly successful. Aug. 23, 1871, he married Miss Ann P., daughter of Timothy Cheney, the well-known pioneer, contractor, and author of "Cheney's Reminiscences," who died in 1871. Their children are Henry Neal, who was grad uate 1 from Yale College, class of 1895; Mary Frances", a graduate of Ogontz School near Philadelphia, Pa., class of 1894; Charles S., a student at Phillips Exeter Acad emy at Andover, Mass ; and Dana C, Florence May, Nelson C, and Dorothy C. Crouse, Charles Edward, Syracuse, senior member of the wholesale grocery firm of C. E. Crouse & Co., of Syracuse, is a son of James and Laura M. Crouse, and was born in Chittenango, Madison Co., N. Y., Jan. 31, 1850. He received a good practical education at Walnut Hill School in Geneva, N. Y., and in 1871 engaged in the tea, coffee, and spice business in Syracuse under the firm name of Crouse, Walrath & Co. Their trade increased from year to year until it spread over a wide territory, mainly in-Central New York. They were followed by the firms of C. E. Crouse & Co., and Crouse & Walrath again. In 1884 Daniel Ackerman became the partner of the subject of this sketch under the present name of C E. Crouse & 456 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. Co. Their business, consisting of groceries, teas, coffees, spices, etc., is exclusively wholesale and extends throughout this and adjoining States. Mr. Crouse is vice- president of the Syracuse Cold Storage and Warehouse Company, which was in corporated April 25, 1895, and is also interested in various other enterprises and corporations, He has been for many years prominently identified with society life in Syracuse, officiating as president of several charity balls, leader of the German, etc. His prominence and ability have been universally recognized, and his good judgment and rare skill referred to on all social occasions. At Saratoga he has also for many years been the social leader, a distinction he merits and still retains. His mercantile and other interests command his chief attention, but he has proven con clusively that a successful business man may also be a correspondingly successful social leader. Dec. 20, 1887, Mr. Crouse was married to Miss Alta Pease, of Boston, Mass. Kent & Miller, Syracuse. — This firm is composed of George B. Kent and Riley V. Miller, two prominent citizens and business men, and was formed in Feb., 1872, with headquarters in the old Bastable block. Three months later they removed to their present location in South Salina street and in 1876 the adjoining store was added to meet the constantly increasing demands of the business. The capacity and work ing force of the establishment has been more than doubled since the first year, when five clerks and four cutters were employed. They are manufacturers of and whole sale and retail dealers in men's and boys' clothing, largely of the finer grades, and enjoy a trade extending over many of the eastern States. Mr. Kent is a trustee of the Onondaga County Savings Bank, while Mr. Miller was for some time chairman of the board of trustees of the Commercial Travelers' Association. Gooley, Philip E. , Syracuse, a native of the Ninth ward of Syracuse, born July 8, 1860, is a son of Malachi Gooley, who came here from Ireland in 1846 and died Aug. 20, 1888; he married Mary Brown, a native of Ireland, and their children were Will iam M., Sarah, Philip E., Mary, Ella V., Malachi, jr., Catherine, and Winifred. ' Philip E. Gooley was educated in Porter school and in the school of the Christian Brothers in Syracuse, and entered the employ of E. F. Holden, with whom he re mained ten years, having charge of the work of shipping coal at the yards. In 1884 he established his present grocery and provision store on West Genesee street and in 1892 he opened another store on the corner of Ulster street and Milton avenue. He has been prominent in Democratic politics, has frequently served as delegate to district, county, and State conventions, and was the last president of the village of Geddes (in 1886) before it became a part of the city of Syracuse. He was also a trustee of that village in 1884-85. In the fall of 1894 he was the Democratic candi date for county clerk and was defeated by only a very small majority. He was a charter member and one of the first vice-presidents of the West End Business Men's Association, and is also a member of the C. M. B. A., the A. O. H., and other organ izations. In Sept., 1891, he married Johanna C, daughter of Michael Ryan, of Syr acuse; by whom he has one child, Catherine. Schwarz, Jacob, Syracuse, born in Frankfort-on-Main, Germany, May 20, 1840, son of John and Elizabeth, came to this country with his parents in 1848 and settled in Syracuse, where the latter died, the father in 1882 and the mother in 1888. Edu cated in the public schools, he learned the mason's trade and followed it with his FAMILY SKETCHES. 457 father as a contractor and builder for several years, or until about 1878. In Aug. , 1862, he enlisted in Co. B, 149th N. Y. Yrols., and served until the close of the war, being captured at Chancellorsville in 1863 and confined in Libby and Belle Isle. He was sergeant and commissioned lieutenant, but never mustered as such. In 1874 he was elected one of the city assessors and has since held that position. Dec. 28, 1865, he married Elizabeth M. Koenig, of Syracuse, and Has had three children, of whom Jacob G. is living. Prosser, Julius C, Syracuse, son of Calvin and Jane (Leiport) Prosser, was born in Sullivan, Madison Co., Aug. 24, 1838. After finishing his education he accepted the position of general agent with Hamilton Childs, publisher, having charge of the field work for about seven years in New Y'ork and Y^ermont. He then engaged success fully in shipping hay and grain from Chittenango station for nine years, when he sold out, and in 1867 removed to Syracuse, where he has since resided. He had a dry goods and notion store on the corner of Delaware and Geddes streets for four years, since which time he has been engaged in the real estate business. Vincett. Mortimer J., Syracuse, was born in Sussex, England, June 9, 1842, and came to America with his parents in 1848. The family settled in Manlius, where the father, Anthony, died in 1854, and the mother, Caroline, in 1888. He attended the academies at Cazenovia and Onondaga Valley, graduating from the latter in 1861, and entered the employ of Sweet's Manufacturing: and Sanderson Brothers Steel Companies, where he remained 22 years and 10 months. After traveling on the road two years he was elected, in 1884, a city assessor, which position he has since held. In 1864 he married Mary E., daughter of Frederick C. Soule, of Syracuse, and has one son, Mortimer, jr., born Aug. 22, 1878. Mr. Vincett is an active member of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A. M. ; of Central City Chapter, No. 70, R. A. M. ; of Central City Council, No. 13, H. & S. M. ; of Central City Commandery, No. 25, K. T. ; and of Central City bodies A. A. S. Rite, N. M. J. U. S. of A. Reid, James T. , Syracuse, is a son of Daniel S. and Alice Reid, who came to Syra cuse from Dublin, Ireland, in 1848. Daniel S. died here in 1867. Mrs. Alice Reid still lives at the age of 79. James T. was born in this city Oct. 28, 1858. Educated in the public schools he began learning the trade of plumber when thirteen with the late Alfred Tily, with whom he remained seven years. He was then for five years each with F. E. Carroll and Pierce, Butler & Pierce, and in 1886 he established his present general plumbing business. He is an active Democrat, is vice-president of the John J. Cummins Club, and has been a member of the Board of Education since Feb. , 1892. In 1888 he married Ellen E. Murphy of Syracuse, by whom he has three children : Alice, Julia and Hester. Walch, Charles J., M.D., Syracuse, is a native of Syracuse, born Dec. 11, I860,' and is a son of Fred Walch, who came to this city from Germany in March, 1852, and has been engaged in the furniture business since 1857. Of the twelve children of the latter ten are living, viz. . William J., Dr. Charles J., Caroline C, Philip N., Minnie E., Frederick T., Lulu, Anna, Gertrude, and Jessie. Charles J. Walch was gradu ated from the Syracuse High School in 1880 and from Cornell University as a B.S. in 1884. He was professor of science and modern languages in the Saratoga High School for a time and subsequently principal of the High School at Dunkirk, N. Y., fff 458. ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. where he was also president of the Chautauqua County Academic Principals Associ ation. He resigned his position in 1888 and entered the Medical Department of Syra cuse University, from which he was graduated in 1891, taking also an extra course at Cornell. He then studied in Europe, and in Vienna took special work in surgery and diseases of the lungs and heart. Returning to Syracuse in 1892 he has since made this city the scene of his professional life. He was a member of the Chi Up- silon Gama, of which he was president for a time, and is a life member of the Cor nell University and Syracuse Medical - College Alumni Associations. He is also a member of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine and Board of Education. In June, 1888, he married Miss Ida Evelyn, daughter of William E. Brown, of Saratoga Springs, N. Y. Joy, Edward, Syracuse, one of the best known plumbers of Syracuse, was born in County Waterford, Ireland, March 3, 1847, and came to America with his parents in 1849, settling in Syracuse, where he has ever since resided. His mother died here in 1885, and his father, Richard, in 1887. In 1860 Mr. Joy apprenticed himself to the plumbing trade, at which he worked as a journeyman for fifteen years. In 1875 he started his present plumbing establishment on the corner of East Washington and Market streets, which is one of the largest and most complete in the city. From it a number of men have gone forth, many of them on their own business account, well qualified for the trade. Mr. Joy is a director and was one of the originators of the Commercial Bank of Syracuse, is a director in the Crystal Spring Brewing Company, treasurer of the Central City Land Company, a trustee of St. Agnes Cemetery, and ex-president of Branch 50, C. M. B. A. He is also connected with many other en terprises. Lyman Brothers, Syracuse. — The printing firm of Lyman Brothers is composed of W. Lester and Frank L. Lyman, sons of Charles H. and Elizabeth (Phelps) Lyman, and is one of the leaders in their line in Syracuse. Both came to this city with their parents in 1873, where their mother died in 1875. The father was for two years one of the proprietors of the Standard and afterward foreman of that establishment. W. Lester, a native of Massachusetts, was for several years foreman of the Courier job room, while Frank L., who was born in Iowa, served as foreman and telegraph editor of the news department of that paper. In 1888 they formed the firm of Lyman Brothers and started a general job printing office in the old Herald building on War ren street, where they continued a successful and steadily increasing business until 1894, when the demands on their facilities caused them to seek more- commodious quarters. These they found, with correspondingly better power, in the Industrial building, where they have since been located. New presses, type, and equipment were added or replaced portions of the former outfit, and now the firm possesses facilities for executing fine work not excelled by any similar establishment m the city. McVey, Joseph H., Syracuse, is a native of Jamesville, this county, was born Sept. 13, 1847, being one of six children of James McVey, who finally came to Syracuse and died Aug. 29, 1884. Gideon Seely, his great-grandfather, came to Onondaga Co. in 1797 and at one time owned 640 acres of land. J. H. McY'ey was engaged in the grocery trade in Syracuse from 1872 to 1888, when he established his present real estate business. FAMILY SKETCHES. 459 Hopkins, William E., Syracuse, only- son of Edwin P. and Mary A. (Weakley) Hopkins, was born in Logansport, Ind. , Oct. 16, 1839. His grandfather, Elijah Hopkins, removed from Connecticut to Onondaga Hill in this county about 1801 and lived there during the remainder of his life, dving while on a visit to Volney, Oswego Co., in 1857 His only child, Edwin P., was born at Onondaga Hill, April 17, 1812, went to Indiana, where he married, returned to Syracuse, and died here in 1878. He was search clerk under County Clerk Rufus Cossitt, deputy under Barnard Slocum, and succeeded the latter as county clerk, serving one term. He was first a Whig and then a Republican, and for many years was a deacon and elder in the Dutch Re formed church on James street. He was also school commissioner for a time and held other positions of trust. His wife died in 1880. Their children were Harriet S. (Mrs. William W. Moseley), who died in 1862; William E. ; Mary F. (second wife of W. W. Moseley and now Mrs. John Burrill), of Brooklyn; and Margaret (Mrs. Robert J. Morgan), of Brooklyn. Edwin P. Hopkins, after completing his term as county clerk, engaged in the house furnishing business where Butler & Johnson now are, and afterwards was connected with the firm of Glass, Breed & Co. , flour manufacturers. In 1871 he engaged in the coal business with William E. Abbott under the name of Hopkins & Abbott, and continued until his death. William E. Hopkins received his education in the public and high schools of Syracuse and began life as, a clerk in the boot and shoe store of McDougall, Fenton & Co., with whom he remained six years, or until 1862, when he went to Chicago to take charge of their retail establishment there. Six months later he engaged in the lumber and grain business in Indiana, and from 1865 to 1872 was traveling salesman for E. Stimson & Co., wholesale gro cers, of Syracuse. He then became a member of the firm of which his father was the senior partner and upon the latter's death in 1878 succeeded to his interest. Fie was one of the incorporators and the first treasurer, general manager, and a director of the Adamant Manufacturing Company in the fall of 1887, and the duties of these positions became so exacting that on May 1, 1890, he sold out his coal business to Mr. Abbott. His health failing in 1891 he resigned at the end of that year and spent about two years in recuperating. In the fall of 1893 he purchased the coal business of W. K. Niver & Co., formerly owned by Ames & Holmes, which he still continues. He was a stockholder in the Syracuse Glass Company and in several local salt com panies, was vice-president and a director of the old Barnes Manufacturing Company, and is now the president of the Phoenix Hardware Manufacturing Company, a direc tor in the Woerner Preserving Company, and a stockholder in the Seneca River Brick Company. His family are connected with Plymouth Congregational church, which he has served in official capacities. In 1863 he married Ellen B., daughter of Dr. William Culbertson, of Peoria, 111., and their children are Harriet B. (Mrs. Clarence William Wood), of Syracuse, and Edwin P. , a graduate of the Syracuse High School and now connected with the Phoenix Hardware Manufacturing Com pany. Soule, Alexander C, Syracuse, was born at Coeymans, N. Y., May 8, 1830, was educated in his native town, and remained on his father's farm until the age of 17, when he entered his brother-in-law's hotel in New Baltimore, N. Y., where he con tinued one year. He was then for one year employed on a steamer on the Hudson River. In Dec, 1849, he came to Syracuse and learned the carpenter's trade, which 460 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. he followed successfully until 1875, when he was elected city assessor, a position he has creditably filled since Feb. 1, 1876. He is a.member of the A. O. U. W., and a charter member of Prospect Lodge, K. of P. He was married, first, in 1854, to Mary A. Devoe, of Syracuse, who died in Sept., 1889, leaving one son, Albert D., a prominent paper box manufacturer- of this city. His second wife is Carrie King, of Syracuse, whom he married Nov. 19, 1891. O'Shea, Rev. James F.. Syracuse, son of John and Honora (Learnen) O'Shea, na tives-, of Ireland, was born in Binghamton, N. Y. , Feb. 17, 1866, and received his preliminary education in the public and high schools of his native city. He matricu lated at the Niagara University and was graduated from that institution in 1889, after which he entered the Troy Theological Seminary, where he was ordained to the priesthood by the Rt. Rev. Bishop McNeirney on Dec. 17, 1892. Immediately after ward he was called to the city of Syracuse and on Jan. 8, 1893, took up his labors as assistant pastor of St. Mary's parish, where he has since remained. Neal, William H. H., Syracuse, was born in Sussex Co., Southern Delaware, May 22, 1839, of Scotch and English parentage. His father was a merchant, and from him he evidently inherited the tastes and qualifications which inclined him toward a commercial career. His early business experience was acquired in Philadelphia. He came to Syracuse in 1863; was married in 1865 to Harriet A., the eldest daugh ter of Benjamin W. Baum. They have one son, J. Ward Neal, with the present firm of Neal & Hyde, and one daughter, Harriet May Neal. For ten years Mr. Neal was the senior partner of the notion and white goods house of Neal, Baum & Co., which was in 1879 consolidated with the business of Charles Chadwick & Co., under the firm name of Sperry, Neal & Hyde, and continuing as such until after the death of Mr. Sperry, which occurred Jan. 11, 1890. On July 1 of that year Mr. Neal and Mr. Hyde purchased Mr. Sperry's interest and have since continned the business under the firm name of Neal & Hyde. In politics Mr. Neal is a conservative and independent Democrat. He is an Episcopalian and a vestryman of St. Paul's cathedral. He is essentially a business man and believing that the concentration of one's energies is the only sure road to success, has steadily refused to be drawn into any outside interests, devoting all his powers to the building up and maintaining the large wholesale trade controlled by his firm. Mason, Amos Louis, Syracuse, eldest of nine children (seven of whom were sons) of Cyrenus and and Martha (Cushman) Mason, was born in the town of Salina on August 26, 1824. His father was born in Vermont, July 2, 1798, and died in Syracuse Sept. 5, 1857 ; Mrs. Mason was born March 5, 1806, and died Jan. 2, 1886. He was educated in the common schools, and in 1832 removed with his family to Huron, O., whence they moved about four years later to Warren Co. , Pa. ; in 1838 they came to Wayne Co., N. Y. , and in April, 1840, returned to Syracuse, where Amos L. , then aged 16, tended a canal lock for two years. He followed various occupations and began learning the carpenter's trade with his uncle before 1845, after which he fin ished his trade with Alden Crane. In 1846 he commenced jobbing for himself, and since then has erected a large number of buildings in Syracuse. Among the many notable structures were the old and present Wieting block, the east part of the On ondaga County Savings Bank, the old Granger block, Hall of Languages Syracuse University, the first and present Seymour School, the Butler block, St. - John the FAMILY SKETCHES. 461 Baptist church, the Columbia market building, and very many others, including about 1,000 dwellings, 116 salt blocks, and all the salt mills now standing. He is the oldest and has long been the leading builder in Syracuse. As early as 1855 he also engaged> in salt manufacture, and in 1856-57 William F. Gere was his partner. In 1872 he purchased, with the late James B. Haskins and others, the right of a machine for the manufacture of pressed brick, and then organized the National Pressed Brick Company, whose plant and interest in 1875 became the sole property of Mr. Mason, who formed the Syracuse Pressed Brick Company, of which he has been manager since 1887. He was also connected with the enlargement of the Erie Canal locks for about three years, was one of the founders of Woodlawn Cemetery, served as supervisor from the Second ward in 1877, and is a trustee of the Syracuse Savings Bank. Dec. 31, 1849, he married Miss Sarah A. Harroun, and of their seven children five are living. Tobin, William N., Syracuse, son of Michael Tobin, who came to America from Ireland and finally settled in Preble, moved to Tully and eventually "settled in Syracuse, where he still resides, was born in Tully, Onondaga Co. , Aug. 18, 1858, and moved with his parents to Apulia in 1865, where he was educated. He also attended night school in Syracuse and graduated from Bryant and Stratton's Busi ness College, and later clerked in a grocery about two years, then engaged in the clothing business with A. C. Yates & Co., where he remained three years. This was followed by a short experience in the hardware business and about two years clerk ship in the furniture store of Butler & Upson. In 1881 he entered the employ of Edward Joy and for six years studied every branch of the business, plumbing and heating. In 1887 he started in the plumbing and heating business in the Mont gomery and was burnt out in the fire of 1891 and finally established himself at 315 East Genesee street, where he still continues the business. In 1892 he was ap pointed the first secretary of the Examining and Supervising Board of Plumbers and Plumbing of the State of New York. He has been president of the State and Local Plumbers' Association and the Plumbers' Association of Syracuse, and State vice- president of the National Association. He is also president of the New York State Association of Steam and Hot Water Fitters, and a member of the C. M. B. A. and of the Business Men's Association of Syracuse. In 1882 he married '1 heresa F., daughter of James Lyons, of this city, and they have had six children : Theresa Catherine, Nellie, William, Loretta, John James (deceased), and Harold Vincent. Lewis, Abram, Syracuse, was born in Poland, Russia, July 9, 1858, and came to America with his parents in 1869, settling first in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, where he finished his education. He then traveled for a time, conducting a wholesale jewelry business, and in June, 1879, he came to Syracuse, where he has since re- resided. In the fall of '1880 he started a wholesale jewelry business in the Pike block and in 1891 removed it to the Kirk building, at the same time forming the firm of A. Lewis & Co. , which was dissolved in March, 1895. He has been treasurer of Lessing Lodge, I. O. O. F., and is a member of the Sons of Benjamin, of the Knights of Pythias, and of Salt Springs Lodge, F. & A. M. In 1883 he married Miss Mary Rubenstein, of Syracuse, and they have one daughter, Nettie. Ryan, Patrick J., Syracuse, son of Martin and Margaret (Burke) Ryan, was born in La Fayette, Onondaga Co. , Jan. 19, 1861. His father came to America from Ireland in 462 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 1849 and .first became a resident of Pompey, whence he removed to La Fayette in 1859. In 1867 he returned to Pompey, where he died in 1869, aged 55, being survived by his wife, whose death occurred in 1885. They had eight children, of whom these are living: Margaret A. (Mrs. Henry Joy), of Pompey; Thomas and James, of James ville; Patrick J., of Syracuse; and Martin E., of New Y'ork city. Mr. Ryan, upon his removal to Pompey in 1867 purchased the old Wheaton' farm, which is still in the family. Patrick J. Ryan received his preliminary education in the common schools of Pompey and Pompey Academy, and at the age of 17 began teaching school in his native town, an occupation he followed for two years. He was graduated from St. Bonaventure's College at Allegany, Cattaraugus Co., in 1884, at the head of his class. He then studied law in Syracuse in the offices of Goodelle & Nottingham and M. E. and G. W. Driscoll, was admitted to the bar at the Binghamton General Term on Sept. 27, 1886, and soon afterward began the practice of his profession in Syracuse, where he has since continued alone except about two years in the firm of McFarran, Drake & Ryan. He has always been an active Democrat in politics, has often been a delegate to important conventions, and has frequently received recog nition at the hands of his party. He represented the first Assembly district of On ondaga Co. in the Legislature in 1892, serving on the Judiciary and Revision Com mittee and on the Committees on Indian Affairs and Fish and Game. He was the author of the bill and secured the passage of the law establishing the first Municipal Court in Syracuse Jan. 1, 1893, and was appointed by Governor Flower one of the first two judges of that tribunal for a term of six years. He introduced and secured the passage of the law making nineteen wards in the city; introduced and was largely instrumental in passing the bill creating a police pension fund in this city; and introduced the bill which subsequently became a law establishing a board for examining and licensing plumbers in the State. Mr. Ryan is a young lawyer of great ability, and is a member of the C. M. B. A., the C. B. L., and the Citizens' Club. Hoyt, Harrison, Syracuse, was born in La Fayette, Onondaga Co., Sept. 3, 1836. He was graduated from Hamilton College in 1861, studied law at the Columbia Law School and was admitted to the bar at Syracuse in April, 1865. He practiced at Homer, N. Y. , until 1873, when he came to Syracuse1, where he has since resided. He has been prominently identified with several law firms and in Oct., 1891, formed the present firm of Hoyt & Farrington. Mr. Hoyt served as district attor ney from 1881 to 1883 inclusive, and is recognized as one of the best criminal lawyers in Central New Y'ork. His connection with the famous Wilson trial placed him among the leading attorneys of the State. Loehr, Longinus, Syracuse, born in Germany in 1840, settled in Syracuse in 1866, and followed the trade of cabinet maker about eight years, -in the mean time engag ing in business for himself. He was successively a wood and then a liquor dealer, a wax candle manufacturer, and since 1888 has prosecuted a lucrative real estate and fire insurance business. In 1869 he married Johanna Prehm, of Syracuse, a native of Germany, and of their five children two are living: Florentine Joseph and William. Moulton, O. G., Syracuse, came to Syracuse in 1885, and was made general man ager, for the State of New York, of the Massachusetts Benefit Life Association, in FAMILY SKETCHES. 463 the fall of 1891, a position he has since filled with great credit This corporation was founded at Boston, Mass., its headquarters, in 1878, has over 52,000 members, and is the largest natural premium association in New England. 22,862 policies were writ ten during the year 1895, involving an insurance of more than $24,115,750. Loomis, Edwin L. , Syracuse, is a son of Henry H. Loomis and was born in Cicero, April 6, 1858, was educated in the Syracuse High School and in Cazenovia Seminary, and remained on the farm until 1883, when he came to Syracuse, where he has since resided. He was engaged in the wholesale and retail lumber business for five years, and in the mean time had become largely interested in real estate. In fact, his operations in the city have been of a diversified character and generally upon an ex tensive scale. He was one of the organizers and incorporators of the Commercial Publishing Company in 1893, of which he has been the only president; he has also been vice-president of the Cosmopolitan Building and Loan Association since its formation in 1892, and is a director and one of the instigators of the Syracuse Storage Battery Company, which was incorporated in 1891 with a capital of $300,000, and which is now a pronounced success. With M. A. Graves as Graves & Loomis, and with his father as E. L. Loomis & Co., he is extensively interested in real estate. and alone he is the originator of a patent tree lifter, with which he has done a large business in transplanting full-grown trees. Jan 15, 1880, he was married to Miss Emma F., daughter of Thomas Nicholson, of Syracuse. Spencer, Frank M., Syracuse, was born in Manlius, Onondaga Co., Dec. 25, 1842. His father, Welcome Spencer, son of Seth, was also born in that town, was a mer chant, was very active during the Rebellion, and died in Syracuse, in 1880, aged 60. Seth Spencer was one of the pioneers of Manlius, and prominent in the early affairs of the community. Frank M. Spencer, after finishing his education at the Onondaga Academy, became a clerk in his father's store in Manlius. In 1884 he came to Syra cuse to fill a similar position in the dry goods establishment of the late John R. Whit lock, with whom and whose successors, Whitlock & Witherill, he has ever since re mained, occupying posts of trust and responsibility. In 1863 he married Sarah M., daughter of Daniel Young, of Collamer, and they have had two children, Mrs. E. A. Crawford of Fayetteville, and Edna, at home. Ludington, James S., Syracuse, son of George W. , descends from an old and re spected family of Oswego Co. Born in Parish on Jan. 25, 1858, he was educated at the academies in Mexico and Pulaski, was graduated from the latter in 1877, com menced the study of law in Syracuse in the office of Ludington & De Camp, and was admitted here in Jan., 1880. He began the practice of his profession in Vinton, Iowa, in the spring of that year, but soon returned to Oswego Co. and practiced in Parish and Phoenix until April, 1893, when he removed to Syracuse, where he has had as partners Jay B. Kline, B. J. Shove, Daniel F. Salmon, and J. J. Kennelly, the present firm being Ludington & Kennelly. During his residence in Oswego Co. Mr. Ludington was school commissioner for the second district for three years from 1884, and he was elected alderman for the Fourth ward in the.fall of 1895, which position he now holds. In June, 1884, he married Kate M., daughter of C. W. Woods, of Pulaski. They have one child, George Ludington. Hart, Henry J., Syracuse, son of Joseph, was born in Cicero, Sept. 26, 1849, and 464 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. reared on a farm in Mexico, Oswego Co. Joseph Hart settled in Cicero about 1845, followed the business of a farmer and contractor, and was drowned at Brewerton in 1851. His widow, who now resides in Syracuse, married Eliphalet C. Sturtevant, who died about 1872. When 18, Henry J. learned the trade of cabinet making, which he followed till 1889. He came to Syracuse about 1869, moved to Fabius in 1872, and subsequently engaged in the furniture business in Cortland, Marathon, and other places. An eye trouble compelled him to go to Albany and while under treatment he was employed by a furniture manufacturing concern in Troy. He re turned to Syracuse in 1878 and in 1880 entered the furniture department of Milton S. Price, where he remained nine years. In 1889 he engaged in the real estate busi ness as the successor of Abner Bates, and in May, 1890, formed the firm of Hart & Ashpol. In April, 1892, Clarence A. Perry took Mr. Ashpol's place, and a year later Mr. Hart succeeded to the business. In politics he is an active prohibitionist and in religion has been many years an officer and a prominent member of the Wesleyan Methodist church. Keeler, Dennis B. , Syracuse, a native of Cork, Ireland, was born Feb. 24, 1843, and came to Quebec when 10 years of age, where he attended Lavelle University in addition teethe public schools. In 1857 he removed with his parents to Herkimer Co. in this State, and was graduated from Fairfield Seminary in 1863. He attended Michigan University three years, commenced the study of law at Herkimer with S. & R. Earl in 1866, and was admitted at Syracuse, Nov. 3, 1868. He practiced at Little Falls, N. Y., and Kansas City, Mo., one year each, and in 1871 came to Syra cuse, where he has since resided. He was married to Miss Sarah A. Brayton in 1867. His only son, Robert, died in 1891, aged 21 years. Mr. Keeler is a well known criminal lawyer who has a large practice in Central New York. Grannis, George D., Syracuse, son of Robert Grannis, was born in the town of Volney, Oswego Co., Sept. 15, 1826, and obtained his education in the old Fulton Academy. He became a foreman for Case, Farewell & Co. on the construction of the Erie Railroad, and since then has devoted most of his life to contracting. He was superintendent on the construction of what is now the Grand Trunk Railroad from Niagara Falls to Windsor in 1854-55, which was the first railroad built in Can ada and then called the Great Western. He took contracts for building the Wis consin Central Railroad, and in 1861 engaged in the lumber business in Fulton and Constantia, N. Y. He was also superintendent of construction on the Midland Rail road from Oneida to Oswego, after which he was for nine years in the employ of Denison, Belden & Co. He built the Syracuse Northern Railroad and a railway in Pennsylvania, removed the stone from Hell Gate in New York Harbor, engaged in the oil business for himself, was superintendent of the first pipe line laid from the oil regions to tide water, and was general superintendent of the oil business at Brad ford, Pa. , for the Tidewater Pipe Line Co. Later he was engaged for seven years in mining in the Northern Adirondacks, and since then has carried on a large contracting business with headquarters in Syracuse, where he settled his family in 1872. He was the first vice-president and is now president of the Eureka Plaster Co. , and is one of the most enterprising men of the city. He married in 1847, Lau- raett Watson, who died in Oct., 1888, leaving two sons, Charles W. and Marlin R., both associated in business with their father, FAMILY SKETCHES. 465 Maynard, George L., Syracuse, was born Oct. 9, 1822, in Westboro, Mass., where his father, Ebenezer, and brother Ephraim, the father of Gov. Horace Maynard, of Tennessee, were farmers and wheelwrights and prominent citizens. Obtaining a common school education and working on the farm until his father's death he be came, at the age of seventeen, a clerk in Worcester, Mass., where he was later asso ciated with that merchant prince, Horace B. Clafflin. In Oct. , 1842, he came to Syr acuse on the canal packet commanded by the late Austin Myers, and here he was successively engaged in business for about ten years with C. C. Chickering, Horace Bronson, and Lyman Stevens. A Democrat in politics he was elected overseer of the poor in 1853, and held that office until 1857. In 1858 he was elected sheriff of Onondaga Co. and served three years, and from April, 1867, to April, 1871, he was postmaster at Syracuse. For more than twenty years he was a forcible, popular, and acceptable campaign speaker, and in every capacity evinced the attributes of a gentleman and a scholar. He was an original, close, and methodical thinker, a careful investigator, and earnest in his convictions. In 1872 he engaged in business as an undertaker and continued until his death, Jan. 1, 1895. His children, living, are Dr. William H. Maynard and Mrs. Nellie N. Gardner, of Syracuse, and Mrs. Seely B. Teall, of Rochester. Dr. William H. Maynard was born April 6, 1859, was educated in the public schools, and in Prof. Ginn's preparatory school in Syracuse, and was graduated from the Syracuse Medical College in June, 1883. After practicing at South Onondaga for three years he settled on Delaware street in Syracuse, where he has since resided. He was physician to the Onondaga Indians in 1884-85 and is a member of the A. O. U. W., the Onondaga Co. Medical Society, and the Syracuse Academy of Medicine. Oct. 18, 1883, he married Addie daughter of Samuel Owen, of Wayne Co, who has borne him two children: George Lucas and Mildred Owen. Klink, William T., Syracuse, son of Adam, sr., and Barbara (Snyder) Klink (see sketch of Adam Klink), was born in Clyde, YVayne Co., Aug. 2, 1857, but moved with his parents to Syracuse when a babe and was educated in the public schools of this city. He commenced his business career in the employ of Duguid, Wells & Co., manufacturers of saddlery hardware, with whom he remained for twenty-one years, rising to the position of foreman of the iron department and subsequently becoming superintendent of the saddlery hardware department. In 1889 he engaged in the coal business, and subsequently formed a partnership with his brother Adam under the firm name of Klink Brothers, which still continues. He is a member of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A. M., and prominently identified with the business develop ment of the city. In 1878 he married Miss Louisa, daughter of Godfried Weidele, of Syracuse, and they have had five children : Adam, Alice L. , F. Lester, Anna Eva, and Irene H. Penn, George, Syracuse, senior member of the firm of Penn & Lee, was born in Alsace, France, now Germany. His father, a miller, was of English descent, while his mother was of German parentage, and as the family resided near the line at tended school in Saarbr'ucken, Prussia. At the age of twelve he came with his pa rents to Bridgeport, Conn., where he learned the trade of steel spring making. When 21 he established a steel spring manufactory in Gananoque, Canada, which he continued sixteen years. He sold out in 1878 and removed to Watertown, N. Y., where he organized the firm of Penn & Lee, which was moved to Syracuse in 1878- ggg 466 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. 80, where it has since continued with almost phenomenal success, being one of the largest concerns of the kind in the country. They employ 100 men. and their goods are sold all over the United States and Canada. They make a specialty of carriage springs, many of which are manufactured under patehts granted to Mr. Penn, who also has several patents outside the business. Mr. Penn has been a Mason for nearly thirty years, is a Knight Templar, and a member of the board of managers of the Business Men's Association. He has also been prominently identified with Demo cratic politics, being in 1892 his party's candidate for mayor. In 1862 he married Miss Agnes Storm, of Jefferson Co. , and has one daughter and four sons. Gaynor, Col. John F., Man lius, was born in Fayetteville, Onondaga, Co., N. Y., April 6, 1850. His father, Edward Gaynor, was born in County Kerry, Ireland, and came to America in 1849, settling in Fayetteville in 1850. Here for many years he was en gaged in the manufacture of cement and plaster, and died April 26, 1890. His wife was Catherine Kenney.born in Ire land and died in Fayetteville, July 9, 1879. They had ten children, six of whom are now living, as follows: John F. , William T. , Annie, and Mary R. Bangs, residing in Fay etteville, Edward, a resident of Boston, Mass., and James, living in Brooklyn, N.Y. Col. John F. Gaynor, the subject of this brief sketch, was edu cated in the Fayetteville Academy, and at the age of fourteen years he engaged with his father as clerk and bookkeeper in the cement and plaster business, and continued in that capacity until 1878, when he started in the business which he has followed since and in which he has met with such great success. He has had contracts with the U. S. government for building jetty and harbor work at many places along the Atlantic Coast and at Richmond, Va., has built railroads in Chili, S. A., and has had large contracts for harbor work in Mexico. He put in the entire sewerage system of the city of Orange, N. J., and has now a large contract from the government for harbor work at Savannah, Ga. In all these operations, which have been on a large scale, calling for the expenditure of millions of dollars, he has been been wonderfully successful and has reaped a rich reward for his ability and boldness in the management of these great undertakings. In politics Col. John F. Gaynor. FAMILY SKETCHES. 467 Colonel Gaynor is a staunch Democrat, always taking an interest in, and doing every thing in his power to insure the success of his party. He has been a delegate to nearly every Democratic convention, both State and National, since he was 21 years of age. Gov. D. B. Hill made him a member of his staff with the rank of colonel, which po sition he held during Governor Hill's incumbency. He is now a member of the Democratic State Committee representing the counties of Onondaga and Madison. He was the World's Fair commissioner for the 5th Judicial District of New York, and has held many less important offices of his town and county. Colonel Gaynor married Mary Ann Gallegher, of Oneida, N. Y.. by whom he has two children: John F., jr., and Catherine L. Mrs. Gaynor died May 5, 1887. Aberdein, Dr. Robert, was born Dec. 2, 1845, at Chippawa, Province of Ontario, Canada. His father, Dr. Robert Aberdein, sr., then a young man, having earned distinction in the practice of his profession in Edinburgh, Scotland, went to Canada to settle. The Aberdeins have been physicians and surgeons for generations. Early in life the subject of this sketch naturally turned his mind to the same study. When a mere lad of ten years this predilection was manifested by his fondness for Latin, in which language he became quite proficient before he was in his teens. He laid the foundations of a liberal education at the Belvidere Academy, at Drummonds- ville, in the historical Lundy's Lane; later attending the grammar school at Drum- mondsville, where he fitted himself for entrance to the University of Toronto. When he matriculated at that institution he was not sixteen years old, but on his own motion decided to give up the study of arts and pursue medicine in the medical de partment of the university. After two years of conscientious study there he offered his services to the Federal government at Washington as an assistant army surgeon — the Rebellion being then in progress — and was only prevented from going by his father's interdiction. An elder brother, David L. Aberdein, was at the time captain of Bat. G, 3d N. Y. Art. Dr. Aberdein's third year's study in medicine was at Mc- Gill University, Montreal, whither he went on the urgent persuasion of friends, to be under the instruction of eminent teachers there. The following year the young student, being still under age for graduation at Toronto, resolved to go to New York for a year to take advantage of the clinics in the hospitals, and to attend the lectures being delivered at Bellevue Hospital College by the authors of the best text-books in use in Europe and America. Having graduated at Bellevue Hospital College in March, 1867, he returned to Toronto in time for the examinations at the University, and in June of the same year was graduated therefrom with the degree of M. B. The work he had done at Bellevue, having attracted the attention of the professors, he was at once offered a post as ship's surgeon on an ocean liner, a prize for which the whole student body then struggled. ^This opening Dr. Aberdein declined, hav ing determined to locate at Suspension Bridge, N. Y. He practiced there until 1875, acquiring recognized standing in his profession, especially as physician on call at the great hotels of Niagara Falls, then in the zenith of their prosperity. He was special surgeon for the Erie and New York Central Railroads, and also for the Great Western Railway of Canada. Dr. Aberdein came to Syracuse in 1875, as successor to the late Dr. Nelson C. Powers, and in the intervening time has fairly earned the rank he holds as a practitioner of medicine in this section of the State. As a gyne cologist he is widely known, his skillful hand, as well as his deep learning, being in 468 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. constant demand in that department of surgery. Dr. Aberdein was the first to per form Caesarian section in Onondaga Co. , and, as a trophy of his skill, points to a young woman, now (1896) a resident of Syracuse. The mother's life was lost by a shock given to her by women, who, forcing their way into the sick chamber, en lightened the patient in regard to the desperate nature of the operation which she had survived for twenty-four hours. By his brethren in the profession Dr. Aber- dein's success in the performance of difficult operations of a gynecological character is freely acknowledged. He has operated something like one hundred times in cases of laparotomy, intra-uterine tumor, and hysterectomy without a fatality. Dr. Aberdein is a member of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine, a member of the Onondaga Med ical Society, a fellow of the New York State Medical Association, a fellow of the American Microscopical Association, a fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society of King's College, London, England, and a member of the Central New York Micro scopical Society, having been president of the last named association for a number of years. He was for twelve years a trustee of the State Institution for Feeble Minded Children at Syracuse, by the governor's appointment, and for eighteen years has been visiting physician to St. Vincent de Paul's Orphan Asylum in Syracuse. June 28, 1871, Dr. Aberdein married Lelia, daughter of David McClelland, of Syracuse, by whom he has two children : Harriet Lelia and Hamilton Lizars. Gere, David M. , Syracuse, son of George C. and Adelia (Manzer) Gere and a grandson of Robert and Sophia (Stanton) Gere, early settlers of Onondaga Co. , was born in the town of Geddes June 25, 1865, and was educated in the Geddes Union Free School, the Syracuse High School, and Cazenovia Seminary. On April 1, 1885, he became a clerk in the grocery store of Cady & Gere in Geddes, where he remained two years, when he accepted the position of bookkeeper in the Canadian office, of the J. F. Pease Furnace Co. Three years later he engaged in the wholesale and commission produce business in Syracuse, continuing for three years. In April, 1893, he opened his present insurance office, being now the local manager of the Union Mutual Life Insurance Co. of Portland, Me. In Oct., 1890, he married Sarah, daughter of Henry S. Munro, of Belle Isle, and they have one son, Howard Munro. Peckham, Newton R. , Camillus, son of Joseph L. , and a native of Georgetown, Madison Co., was born Feb. 15, 1866, and moved with his parents to Memphis in 1869, where the latter died in 1885 — the father on February 15th and the mother on September 4th. Receiving his preliminary education in the Jordan Academy, he was graduated from the Munro Collegiate Institute at Elbridge in 1885, after which he attended Syracuse University for a time. In 1887 he began the study of law in the office of Farrar & Cady, in Syracuse, and was admitted here May 1st, 1891. He remained in the office of William G. Cady until May 1, 1893, and since then has practiced alone. Prior to his legal training Mr. Peckham was principal of the graded school at Georgetown for two years, and there became a member of Cautious Lodge, No. 726, F. & A. M. He is also a member of New York Beta chapter of Phi Kappa Psi. He practiced his profession in Syracuse until 1895, when he removed to the village of Camillus and opened an office there. Weaver, Lewis Frederick, M. D., Syracuse, was born in the town of Frankfort, N. Y., April 12, 1849, and was graduated from Whitestown Seminary in 1867. He taught school winters and worked on the farm summers until the fall of 1870 when FAMILY SKETCHES. 469 he entered the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, Pa. , from which he was graduated March 12, 1873. He began the practice of his chosen profession on July 9 of the same year in the Fourth ward of Syracuse, where he has since resided. In the spring of 1894 he was elected alderman from that ward ; on April 25 he was ap pointed a trustee of the New York State Institution for Feeble-Minded Children ; and in the fall of the same year he was elected coroner of Onondaga Co., all of which positions' he still holds. He is a member of the Masonic orders of the city, holds offices in all the bodies, and is also a member of the New York State, Central New York, and Onondaga Medical Societies and of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine. Sept. 12, 1878, he married Miss Mary Ella, daughter of Beverley Chase, of Syracuse, and has one son, Earl Chase Weaver. Knapp, Henry J., Manlius, was born in Cass Co., Mich., May 9, 1843. William L. Knapp, his father, was born at Onondaga Hill, N. Y., Jan. 4, 1818. Joel Knapp, father of YVilliam L., was a native of Connecticut, and came to this county early in the present century, establishing a hat factory at Onondaga Hill, which he conducted many years. He was the father of three children: William L. , Joel E., of Camillus, and Mrs. A. E. Smith, of Camillus. William L. always followed farming. In politics he was a staunch Republican, but never held office. He was twice married, first in 1839 to Jane Electa Mead, a native of Dutchess Co., and they were the parents of five children, three of whom are living; Henry J., our subject; Rev. Frank L. of Milford, N. H. ; and William M., a real estate dealer of Syracuse. The second wife of William L. was Delia Cunningham, of the town of Manlius, who died July 23, 1884, and one child of that union is. still living, Mrs. Ella J., wife of G. Albert Knapp, a landscape painter and artistic decorator of Syracuse. William L. died Sept. 18, 1891. Mrs. Knapp, first, died Sept. 9, 1855. William L. was always closely identified with the Baptist church, being a deacon for many years, to the time of his death, and was one of the leaders of inception and construction of the Baptist church of this place. Henry J. Knapp was ten years of age when his parents came back to their native county. He lived on the farm in Dewitt until 18 years of age. The homestead has since come into his possession, and is now conducted as a Henry J. Knapp. 470 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. dairy farm. He was educated in the common schools and Syracuse High School, which he was attending at the breaking out of the Civil war. He entered the mili tary service in the Union army Sept. 9, 1862, as a member of Co. I, 3d N. Y. Vol. Cavalry, and performed constant and honorable service with his company and regi ment in Eastern North Carolina and Virginia until July, 1864, when he received an appointment in the acting assistant adjutant-general's office at headquarters, Gen. A. V. Kautz's Cavalry Division, Army of the James, which position he held until the close of the war. After his return in 1865 he worked in the office of the city surveyor of Syracuse, N. Y., until the spring of 1866 when he returned to the farm in Dewitt which he conducted for three years and taught the district school winters. April 5, 1869, he bought the interest of David H. Decker, of the firm of J. & D. H. Decker, in the furniture and undertaking business in Fayetteville, N. Y. The firm name was Decker & Knapp for fourteen years, and in March, 1883, Mr. Knapp bought out the senior partner and has ever since conducted the business alone, in which he has been successful, by close application and the observance of strict business principles, gaining for himself an honorable name in the community. Undertaking has always been a leading feature of the business, and Mr. Knapp has acquired quite a local popularity as funeral director and has considerably increased the advantages of that profession in this county, taking a lively interest in the organization of the Onondaga County Undertakers' Association in 1886 and always active in matters pertaining to its welfare. Having been annually re-elected to the office of treasurer since the date of its organization is evidence of esteem among his associates. He has also made a special study of embalming, being a graduate of several schools. He was made a Mason in 1866, and has always taken an active in terest in the order, having served in nearly all offices in the lodge, being master for several years. In 1868 Mr. Knapp married Katherine M. Duff, of Fayetteville, daughter of John Duff, and they are the parents of four sons: Hubert C, Ernest C, Arthur H., and Carroll D. Hubert C. is a student at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, of Baltimore, Md., class of 1896. Ernest C. is of the class of 1894, of Col gate Academy. October 15, 1894, he entered the office of The National Beef Co. (which is a branch of the G. H. Hammond Packing Co., of Hammond, Ind.) at Duluth, Minn., and in June, 1895, was advanced to the position of bookkeeper and cashier. The two younger sons are students of Fayetteville Union School. Mr. Knapp has always been a Republican in politics, was president of the village one year (1893), and served as trustee of the village and school for several years. He was a member of the school board at the time of the building of the new school building, is a promi nent member of the Baptist church, holding the office of deacon and church clerk, and has been for several years superintendent of the Sunday school. In June, 1878, he was commissioned as captain in the 51st Regt. N. G. S. N. Y. , and commanded Co. F of that regiment for several years from the organization of the company to the disbanding of the regiment. Hildenbrandt, Charles J., Syracuse, was born in Albany, N. Y.. July 9, 1861. He was educated in his native city. At the age of 16 he engaged in the drug business, in which he continued for nine years. In 1887 he entered the newspaper field and became business manager of the Albany Daily Herald, a position he held eighteen months. He then founded the Albany Sontags Journal, one of the leading and most FAMILY SKETCHES. 471 successful German papers in that part of the State, and one year later, sold it to a stock company. He was then made advertising manager of the Albany Union, but soon resigned to accept a position in the advertising department of the Albany Press and Knickerbocker, and later with the Times-Union. In 1892 he came to Syracuse as advertising manager of the Evening News, and in the fall of 1893 accepted an offer from the Daily Courier. He continued in this capacity until Nov., 1895, when he established the C. J. Hildenbrandt Advertising Company, of which he is presi dent and general manager. This concern handles all kinds of local and foreign ad vertising matter in the leading newspapers, magazines and periodicals, and is the most important of its kind in central and northern New York. Mr. Hildenbrandt has had a long and valuable experience in the advertising field. He is a Mason and a member of several benevolent orders. In 1883 he married Miss Georgiana Freden- dall of Albany, and they have three children. Warner, Charles M., Syracuse, was born in Van Buren, Onondaga Co., April 8, 1845, and received his education in the public schools of Jordan. At the age of 18 he engaged in business as a groceryman, and when 21 became identified with the milling industry. Three years later he turned his attention to lumber and coal, a business he successfully followed until 1879, when he, came to Syracuse, where he has since resided. Here he engaged in the malting business, which has grown un der his management until now he is perhaps the heaviest and most extensive opera tor in the world. He has branches or malt houses at Jordan, Weedsport, Clyde, Attica, Batavia, Buffalo, and Chicago. He is also heavily interested in various busi ness and other corporations in Syracuse and elsewhere, such as street railway, paving, and electric light enterprises, etc., and is prominently, etc., identified with the material prosperity of the city and county. He has always been a staunch Republican, and in Jordan held several local offices, including that of post master. He was a member and president of the Board of Police Commissioners under Mayor Jacob Amos, but excepting this has declined public preferment, his ex tensive business interests occupying his undivided attention. Yet no man takes a livelier interest in the welfare and general advancement of Syracuse than does Mr. Warner. He is a heavy taxpayer, owning large blocks of real estate, including the famous Crouse stables, now the S. A. A. building, His crowning act as a public spirited man was the generous offer to the city of Syracuse on June 6, 1894, of a soldiers' monument dedicated to the heroes of Onondaga who fought in the war of the Rebellion, an offer which, apparently for political reasons, has not been accepted (March, 1896) by the municipal authorities. It was also as a tribute to his wife, Alice Emerick, of Jordan, whom he married in 1875, and who died in 1893, that he makes this munificent gift. Simon, Charles, Syracuse, was born at Argenschwang, Prussia, near the Rhine, Germany, Feb. 24, 1837, and came to America with his parents in 1846, settling at Liverpool in this county. His father, John, salt maker, died in 1849. leaving five children, of whom Charles and a sister are living; his mother Julia died the same year of their arrival, in 1846. The family started with about $1,000, besides the cost of the trip, but during an accident to the vessel on which they sailed the entire for tune was lost. After his father's death and at the age of 12, Charles Simon, being obliged to seek his own living, apprenticed himself at the shoemaker's trade and at 4*72 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. the age of 15 could make a pair of boots correctly. Since 1849 he has lived in Syra cuse and since 1853 has been engaged in the shoe business within a block of his present store in North Salina street. He started with a small custom shop and grad ually increased his trade until now he is one of the largest dealers in the city. He served two terms of seven years each in the 51st Regiment of New York State Militia, rising to the post of captain of Co. B, was one Of the organizers and has been continuously vice-president and trustee of Woodlawn Cemetery in 1883, was city assessor for six years from 1868, and in the fall of 1874 was elected to the legis lature from the third assembly district, being the first Democrat elected from that district for several years. He was the instigator and organizer in 1891 of the Ger man Pioneers Association of Onondaga Co., of which he was the first vice-president and for the past three years president; he has been a, member of Syracuse Lodge, No. 501, F. & A. M., since 1863, and also belongs to Central City Chapter, No. 70, R. A. M. , and Central City Commandary No. 25, K. T. He was one of the organizers of the Germania Brewing Co., of which he was the first president, an office he held about a year, when he made a tour of Europe. Upon his return he was instrumental in organizing the Crystal Spring Brewing Co. and served as its president for three years. In 1856 he married Katherine, daughter of John Poehlman, of Syracuse, by whom he had ten children, of whom two died in infancy and John C. died in June, 1894, aged 33; the others are Julia A. (Mrs. H. C. Everding), Charles J., Emma (Mrs. Joseph A. Timmerman). Joseph N., Carrie (Mrs. Michael J. Kingsley), Florence, and Frederick. Stevens, Lyman A. , Syracuse, son of Leonard, was born in North Fairfield, Ohio, Nov. 6, 1857, and came to Syracuse to live with his uncle, the late Lyman Stevens, when eleven years of age. Receiving his education in the public and high schools of this city he became his uncle's assistant in the salt business and remained with him until the latter's death in Oct. , 1891. He then established his present real estate office, in which he has been quite successful, at the the present time devoting his energies towards the development of the Clark & Denison addition in the twelfth ward. Tholens, John A., Syracuse, is a native of Holland, born in 1834, and came to America at the age of 16. He learned the trade of sign painter in Rochester, where he established himself in business. Hn removed to Syracuse in 1865 and formed a partnership with his brother Peter, under the name of Tholens Brothers, which continued until 1878, since which time he has followed his calling alone. He is the oldest sign painter in Central New York, and has long been recognized as one of the most artistic in the State. Hundreds of the finest signs throughout the coun try attest the skill and genius of his handiwork. He was a member of the board of education for two years, being elected from the old 8th ward and re-elected from the 14th, and serving the latter ward as alderman for two years. He served in the War of the Rebellion until the expiration of his first term of enlistment, in the 1st Inde pendent N. Y. Lt. Art. ; he was for several years chaplain of Root Post G. A. R. He is also connected with several beneficiary organizations, among them Syracuse Lodge, No. 164, A. O. U. W., of which he has been financier for 17 years, or since its organization. He married Josephine Ernisse, of Rochester, but a native of Holland, and to them have been born six children : James E. , an M. E. clergyman FAMILY SKETCHES. 473 living in Monroe Co. ; William H. , manager of a large shoe factory in Rochester ; Ida E. (Mrs. E. S. King), of Lincoln, Neb. ; J. Henry, city editor of the New York Press; Edward J., entry clerk in McCarthy's wholesale store; and Josephine L., at home. Johnson, Hon. Hector Brose, Syracuse, was born in the duchy of Baden, Ger many, in 1844, and came with his parents to this country when a child. The family settled in Syracuse, where the father died in 1851 and the mother in 1852. Thus orphaned and thrown upon his own resources at the early age of eight years the lad developed qualities of self-reliance which characterized his after life and won for him the confidence and esteem of all good citizens. Soon after the death of his par ents he moved to Brewerton, where he lived until a few years ago. He attended the public schools and finished his education at Falley Seminary in Fulton, Oswego county, in 1863, and then followed farming until about 1870, when he became a gen eral merchant at Brewerton. He served the town of Cicero as excise commissioner and supervisor, being elected to the latter office in 1883 and serving three terms, and being chairman of the committees on justices' accounts and on equalization, and was chairman of the board. He was member of assembly in 1887 and 1888, and in the fall of the latter year was elected sheriff of Onondaga Co., a position he held from January 1, 1888, to December 31, 1891. He moved to Syracuse in 1889, and in March, 1892, was appointed commissioner of public works by Mayor Jacob Amos and re-appointed by him in 1894, holding the office at the time of his death, which occurred in Syracuse on August 24, 1895. In 1873 he married Miss Addie J. Green leaf, daughter of Dr. Greenleaf, of Brewerton, who with two children, Herbert and lone, survive him. Mr. Johnson was a member of Red Cross Lodge F. & A. M., of Brewerton, and Central City Commandery, K. T., and Syracuse City Lodge, K. P. of Syracuse. Mix, Charles W., Syracuse, son of John W., was born July 29, 1867, in Camden, N. Y. , where he was graduated from the academy in 1882. The same year he came to Syracuse and entered the employ of E. C. Stearns & Co., and eight years later established his present real estate business and became interested in the Economy Foundry Company. April 13, 1889, he married Laura V. , daughter of William F. Dada, of Syracuse. Smith, William Brown, Syracuse, son of Job C. and Esther (Brown) Smith, was born in Brighton, Monroe county, N. Y., March 2, 1815, and was a lineal descendant of Rev. Nehemiah Smith, who came to America from England in 1630, and located in New London, Conn., where his farm is still owned by his posterity. His mother died at the time of his birth and he was placed in the care of Mrs. Jeremiah Maples, of West Walworth, N. Y. , where he remained until 1828, when his foster father died, his foster mother having died some six years previous. His father had married and moved to Ohio. He then learned the trade of cabinetmaker under Joshua Hicks, of Walworth, and after his death continued with his son, Levi J. Hicks, in the shop and on the farm. When twenty-one he possessed a trade, a set of tools, good clothing, and $100 in money. After a canal trip to Buffalo he entered the cabinet shop of James Jenner, of Palmyra, N. Y., and soon became a foreman, and four years later had laid up $1,000. He then married Lucy, daughter of Gilbert Yeomans, of Walworth, and Win 474 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. entered into mercantile business there with his brother-in-law, T. G. Yeomans, but a few months later his wife died, and afterward he married Augusta M., daughter of Silas Boardman, of Westerlo, Albany Co. About 1844 he came to Syracuse, and purchased an interest in a small nursery of about five acres of Alanson Thorp on West Genesee street. The business increased under various partners, and finally Mr. Smith became sole owner. In 1868 Edward A. Powell, who married his only daughter, Lucy C. , became his partner, and soon after live stock interests were added, from which was developed the celebrated " Lakeside Stock Farm." In 1877 Wing R. and Judson W. Smith entered the firm under the style of Smiths & Powell, and in 1885 Anthony Lamb became a partner under the name of Smiths, Powell & Lamb. Later the Smiths & Powell Company was incorporated with William Brown Smith, president; E. A. Powell, vice-president; Wing R. Smith, secretary; and W. Judson Smith, treasurer. Latterly the nursery business has become of paramount importance, while more recently considerable attention has been given to flowers and hot house plants, the florist branch being conducted under the name of P. R. Quinlan & Co. Mr. Smith was largely interested in real estate, was school commis sioner several terms and president of the board one year, and served as president of Oakwood Cemetery, vice-president of the Syracuse Savings Bank, director in the Salt Springs National Bank and old Syracuse Water Company, counselor of the Old Ladies Home, and trustee of May Memorial church and president of the board. He died March 10, 1896, at his home in West Genesee street in Syracuse. Knapp, J. Wiltsie, M. D., Syracuse, is a son of James W. and Ann M. (Schuyler) Knapp, and was born in Geddes, Jan. 6, 1853. Walter Knapp, his grandfather, came from Connecticut to Onondaga Hill at a very early day, and for many years conducted extensive operations there and in the vicinity. He owned and carried on a large tannery, was interested in lumbering, and owned a large tract of land on what is now Park avenue, in the Third and Fifteenth wards of Syracuse. He was also an extensive land owner in what now constitutes a large portion of the Ninth and upper portion of the Thirteenth wards, and also owned a large farm just east of the city limits, where he conducted the "Drovers' Home." He was a well known citizen, active, enterprising, and progressive, and contributed materially in develop ing this then timber-covered section. His first wife bore him two children : James W. Knapp and Mrs. James W. Seeley. By his second marriage he had several chil dren. He died at the Valley, widely respected and esteemed. His parents were natives of England, whence they came to Connecticut in the eighteenth century. James W. Knapp was also an active man, and became a well-to-do farmer in the town of Geddes, which he served two terms as supervisor, and where he died Aug. 24, 1881. His wife was a daughter of Philip J. Schuyler, whose parents emigrated from Holland to the Mohawk Valley, whence he came to Geddes among the pioneers, settling on the Genesee turnpike. Mr. Knapp had five children, of whom two sons died young: P. Schuyler resides on the homestead in Geddes, and has served as supervisor of that town six years ; Mrs. Emeline A. Babcock resides at Fairmount ; and Dr J. Wiltsie, the subject of this sketch. Dr. Knapp was graduated from Por ter and Syracuse High Schools, and began the study of medicine with the late Dr. W. W. Porter, professor of obstetrics and diseases of women in the medical college of Syracuse University. He was graduated from the Albany Medical College in 1873 FAMILY SKETCHES. 4T5 and commenced practice in Geddes, being for the first three years a partner with his preceptor, Dr. Porter, and since then alone. He was demonstrator of anatomy in the Syracuse Medical College from 1873 to 1879, served as coroner of Onondaga Co. from 1879 to 1885, and for about a year during the latter part of Harrison's adminis tration was president of the board of pension surgeons, filling the position left vacant by the death of Dr. E. A. Knapp, surgeon of the 122d Regt. in the Civil war. He is a charter member of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine, and for several years has been a member of the Onondaga County Medical Society. In March, 1884, he mar ried Susan K., daughter of Alexander H. Henderson, the well known veterinary surgeon of Syracuse. They have two sons: Wiltsie and Matthew. Hughes Brothers, Syracuse. — This firm was founded in 1877 by Charles and James Hughes, sons of James, sr., a native of Ireland, who came to America about 1845 and settled in Syracuse about 1848. James Hughes, sr. , started a stone yard in 1850 on the site of the Phoenix foundry, moved it thence in 1861 to its present location in Gifford street, and died in 1869. He was an extensive stone contractor, and built the Onondaga County Savings Bank building, the asylum in Binghamton, and many other important structures throughout the State. After his death his stone yard, now the oldest in the city, was leased until his two oldest sons became old enough to assume its management. In 1877 they formed the firm of Hughes Brothers, to which a younger brother, Eugene, was admitted in 1882. They were all born in Syracuse. Their business of stone cutting and furnishing steadily increased until they became the heaviest operators in Central New York. They built the new City Hall and furnished the stone for the May Memorial church, the Howard G. White residence, St. Paul's Cathedral, and portions of St. Mary's church and the govern ment building in Syracuse ; the Paulist Fathers church at 69th street and 9th avenue in New York city; the Court House in Scranton, Pa.; the government building in Auburn ; numerous locks on the Erie and Oswego Canals; and many other buildings in the State ; and also trimmed the governor's mansion at Albany. In the spring of 1891 the firm formed a partnership with Anson M. Bangs, of Fayetteville, under the style of Hughes Brothers & Bangs, and took a contract of the U. S. government for the construction of an immense lock in the famous Sault Ste. Marie ship canal, con necting Lake Superior with Lake Huron around the rapids in St. Mary's River in Chippewa Co., Mich. This lock is 1,200 feet long and 100 feet wide, with side walls 45 feet high and a water lift of 23 feet, and cost $1,300,000. It was completed in the summer of 1895, and is the largest and finest structure of its kind ever built in the United States. It consumed upwards of 80,000 yards of solid stone. The firm of Hughes Brothers & Bangs is now constructing a government breakwater at Point Judith, on the south coast of Rhode Island, begun in 1892; two others at New Haven and Duck Island, Conn , respectively, commenced in 1893; and "still another at Petoskey, Mich., on Lake Michigan, begun in 1895. For several years the quarries at Split Rock, the Indian Reservation, and Fulton, from which both firms obtain their supply of stone, have furnished employment to a large number of workmen, while their extensive operations have distributed immense sums of money among employees and others. Burns, Hon. Willis B., Syracuse, only son of the late Hon. Peter Burns and Elizabeth Bates, his wife, was born in Syracuse, on May 28, 1851, and was graduated 476 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. from Mount Pleasant Military Academy in 1868. Entering the employ of Frazer & Burns, manufacturers of saddlery and hardware specialties, he served three years in the factory, two years in the office, and on the road until 1877, when he succeeded his father in the business, which he continued successfully for five years, when he sold out to Frazer & Jones. In 1882 Mr. Burns founded the Syracuse Malleable Iron Works in North Geddes street, of which he has since been the proprietor. This establishment employs about 300 hands and the product is shipped into every State in the Union. He has been a lifelong Republican and active in politics as well as in manufacturing interests. He served as alderman from the Sixth ward in 1881 and 1882, and in 1887 was elected mayor of Syracuse over Thomas Ryan, the Democratic nominee, by a large majority. During his term the suburbs of Danforth and Geddes and other tracts were annexed to the city, Burnet Park was accepted, and the struggle for Skaneateles Lake water began. In 1889 he was sent to the Legislature, where he served as member of the Committee on Ways and Means, and on Taxes and Assessments, and where he was instrumental in securing the passage of the bill granting the city the right to take water from Skaneateles Lake. Mr. Burns is a lover of fine horses. He is a director in the Merchants' National Bank, and one of the leading business men of Syracuse. Loftie, Henry, Syracuse, son of William E. , was born in Auburn, N. Y., February 28, 1841, and came with his parents to Syracuse in 1855. William E. Loftie estab lished a hair business here that year which he conducted until his death in 1875 ; his widow died in 1885. Henry Loftie, educated in Auburn and Onondaga Academy, became a clerk and later a partner of his father, and in 1860 started his present hair establishment. In 1887 he originated the bamboo business in Syracuse and subse. quently took in Bruce S. Aldrich under the firm name of Syracuse Bamboo Furniture Company, of which he was president. In 1892 the concern was moved to Baldwins ville and in 1893 Mr. Loftie disposed of his interest. In 1861 he married Frances E., daughter of Judge John Wisner, of Elmira, and they have one son, Harry, who became a partner of his father in 1892 under the firm name of Henry Loftie & Son. Esser, John C. , Syracuse, son of Matthew and Catherine Esser, was born in Prussia, Germany, Aug. 15, 1838, and when eight years old came with his parents to America, settling in New York city, where he finally learned the trade of sculptor and carver, a business followed by all the family except his father, who was a tool maker for stone cutting. In June, 1862, he enlisted in Co. I, 71st N. Y. Militia, and served three months. In 1863 he came to Syracuse and established a granite and monu mental works, first with N. C. Hinsdale, then alone (one year each), then with Cor nelius Lenehan as the Oakwood Marble Works two years, and then alone again. In 1886 he took his son John Matthew into partnership under the firm name of J. C. Esser & Son and in 1894 the firm name became Esser & Co. Among the finer mon uments which Mr. Esser has designed are those of Whitlock, Nathan White, and William H. Seward, and the Judge Lawrence and Redfield busts, all examples of art and great merit. Many others are equally as beautiful. Mr. Esser has been a member of Salt Springs Lodge. F. & A. M., for 20 years and was president of the Stone Cutters' Union for five years. In 1858 he married Mary J., daughter of James Connelly, of Syracuse, by whom he has had five children : Catherine E. (deceased), John Matthew, Joseph F., Lillie M. (Mrs. Frederick Bowman, of Canastota), and Sarah (deceased). FAMILY SKETCHES. 477 Flint, Edward H., M.D., son of Leverett V. and Margaret M. (Follett) Flint, was born in Cato, Cayuga Co., July 12, 1860, and moved with his parents to Baldwins ville in 1861. After attending the academy in that village he entered Hahnemann Medical College in Chicago, from which he was graduated as an M. D. in 1881, and for two years thereafter he followed his profession in Baldwinsville ; since then he has practiced in Geddes, now the Tenth ward of Syracuse. He is a member of the Onondaga County Homoeopathic Medical Society and of Central City Lodge No. 305, F. & A. M., and is the present school commissioner and physician of the Tenth ward and coroner's physician for the first district of Onondaga Co. In 1887 he mar ried Miss Agnes, daughter of Thomas Andrews, of Geddes. Denison, Howard P., son of Le Roy W. , was born in Parish, Oswego Co., N. Y., May 28, 1859. He entered Cazenovia Seminary in 1876 and Greenwich Academy at East Greenwich, R. I. , in 1878, and was prepared for college and graduated from the latter institution in 1880. He then spent two years as principal of a Grammar school m Portland, Conn., and in 1882 entered Wesleyan University, where he com pleted his literary education. He spent several months of 1884 in Europe, and in the fall of that year commenced the study of law in Syracuse, where he has since resided, and where he was admitted to the bar in 1887. Since his admission he has been a member of the firm of Smith & Denison, devoting his energies exclusively to the practice of patent law. Oct. 14, 1886, Mr. Denison married Miss Bessie E. , daughter of H. J. Hildreth, of Herkimer, N. Y. They have two children : Marian H. and Hildreth H. Meads's Business College, Syracuse. — In or about the ) ear 1857 a Mr. Kelsey estab lished and maintained a Commercial School in the old Wieting block until the year 1862, when Prof. D. T. Ames, who had been in partnership with Prof. C. P. Meads in conducting the Commercial College at Oswego, purchased the Kelsey School. There was at that time in the block formerly occupied by D. McCarthy & Co., cor ner South Salina and Fayette streets, the Bassett Commercial College, which was afterwards conducted by the Mead Bros, (no relation to Prof. C. P. Meads). By reason of the disturbed condition of the country from 1,861 to 1865, many commercial schools suspended operations, among them the one in the McCarthy block. This gave to Professor Ames the field in this city without competition until 1865, when Bryant & Stratton, of unlimited fame and resources, established a branch college in the Malcolm block, corner Railroad and South Salina streets. The competi.ion be tween Professor Ames and the latter college became animated and at times de cidedly fierce. This condition of affairs continued until the spring of 1868. Professor Meads, who became connected with the Oswego Commercial College in 1859, and, excepting the copartnership with Professor Ames for a period of some two years, was the sole owner and conductor of the college in that city until the burning of the Grant block, where his school had been located, with all desirable appointments, for several years. The fire destroyed everything connected with the material effects of the college, but with pluck and energy Professor Meads secured quarters in the Mansard block, and with somewhat crude appliances at first, had his college in running order, with the loss of but a few days. '1 his occurred on the 9th of January, 1868, and the school continued in that location until April following, when a copartnership was formed with J. H. Warren, of Syracuse, who had sue- 478 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. ceeded to the management of the Bryant & Stratton College in this city. A consoli dation was effected, and the Oswego interest was brought here and combined with the Bryant & Stratton school. This arrangement continued for a short time when Messrs. Warren & Meads purchased the Ames College and moved into the rooms of the latter, covering the entire upper floor of the Pike block, corner South Salina and Fayette streets. In the fall of the same year (1868) Professor Meads purchased the interest held by Mr. Warren and the school was then, and continued to be for sev eral years, the only commercial or business college in this city. In 1882 rooms were taken in Grand Opera House block, covering three stores on second floor and fitted up expressly for the growing needs of the college. Prosperity attended the institu tion until misfortune came again in the shape of the " Fire fiend" on the night of September 13, 1888, which consumed the entire building and nearly everything it contained. This calamity, coming as it did at the very opening of the fall term, when every preparation had been made for a brilliant and interesting "opening," with music and an address by the new principal of the new Syracuse High School, Prof. W. K. Wickes, was most keenly felt by Professor Meads ; yet not daunted — though somewhat discouraged, he went forward without delay and ere the smoke had ceased from the burning of the opera house, rooms were secured and school re opened in the Washington block, corner South Salina and Jefferson streets. Busi ness was carried on at this place with vigor and success until June, 1894, when the institution was removed to its present spacious and convenient quarters in the Clin ton block, facing Clinton Square. Professor Meads has been a very active man and the hundreds of pupils who have gone out from his institution may be found filling the chief places in the counting rooms and circles of business, not only in the wide awake city of Syracuse, but scattered throughout the country. Professor Meads, the chief character of this sketch, was born March 4, 1840, and was the second son of the late Rev. George W. Meads, who was pastor of several Baptist churches for upwards of forty years in Central and Western New York. He is a man of robust health, weighing 240 pounds, six feet tall and erect in carriage, and his hair being nearly white, gives to him a dignified and stately bearing. Mullany, Rev. John F. , Syracuse, born in Deerfield, Oneida Co., N. Y. , July 19, 1852, studied under the Christian Brothers in Assumption Academy at Utica and Manhattan College in New York city. In 1875 he entered St. Joseph's Provincial Seminary in Troy, N. Y., and was ordained to the priesthood in 1880. For a little less than three years he was assistant pastor of St. John's church, in Utica, and Sacred Heart church, Albany, and January, 1883, was appointed by Rt. Rev. Fran cis McNeirny, bishop of Albany, to organize missions and parishes in the suburbs of Utica. In less than five years two brick churches were built, one in Whitesboro and the other in New Hartford, and a stone edifice, formerly a Protestant house of worship, in Holland Patent, was converted into a Catholic church. Hundreds who had fallen away from the faith were brought back and many converts were made from Protestantism. In 1887, when the Albany Diocese was divided and Rt. Rev. P. A. Ludden assumed charge of the new See of Syracuse, his first official act was the appointment of Father Mullany to the vacancy in the pastorale of St. John the Baptist's church in this city, caused by the death of Rev. William Rourke. Father Mullany finally became irremovable rector of that parish. Since coming here he has FAMILY SKETCHES. 479 built the Church of the Sacred Heart in the village of Cicero and St. Joseph's church in Liverpool, the latter near the spot where in 1652 the Jesuits discovered salt. In the city he has a flourishing parochial school which is under the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York. In a recent number of the American Catholic Quarterly Review he published an article clearly defining the relations of the Re gents to the Roman Catholic schools in the State. His pen is constantly employed in preparing magazine articles, convocation papers and lecture courses. He is act ive in the cause of university extension and in every educational enterprise, and from the beginning of the Catholic Summer school movement he has taken a fore most part in its development, being originator and organizer of the same. He is also the founder of the Catholic Winter school of New Orleans, La. He is a brother of the distinguished writer and scholar, the late Brother Azarias, of the Christian Brothers' school, who died in Plattsburgh, N. Y., on August 20, 1893. HoUenbeck, Frank~A., Syracuse, son of Howard and Angeline (Wilcox) HoUen beck, was born in Tully, April 30, 1852. His parents now reside in Homer, N. Y. Howard HoUenbeck came to Tully from Coxsackie, N. Y. , about 1840, with his par ents, Samuel and Eunice (Pruyn), and moved with his family to Homer soon after his son's birth. The latter was educated in the schools of Cortland Co. and in Homer Academy, and first learned the trade of carriage ironing with the Cortland Co. Wagon Company, where he remained about four years. He then had charge of the Fisher Gear Company's works in Homer, after which he learned every branch of the machinist's trade in the Homer foundry and machine shop. Three years later he engaged in gun work for W. H. Baker & Co., at Lisle, N. Y. , having charge of the forging department and tool making there for two and one half years. In 1858 he came to Syracuse and took contract work for L. C. Smith, manufacturer of guns, where he remained in all about eight years, after which he took out paients and started the HoUenbeck Lock and Knob Company, capitalized at $35,000, manufact uring hardware specialties, of which he was superintendent and manager and sub sequently president. The factory was finally moved to Jordan, where it was burned in 1890. Mr. HoUenbeck had just previously withdrawn from the concern and had gone to Batavia as superintendent of the Baker Gun and Forging Company, where he remained three years. While there he invented and sold patents to them upon which they are now working. Returning to Syracuse in 1892 he invented and pat ented the HoUenbeck hammerless gun, and in Feb., 1893, organized the Syracuse Arms Company with a capital of $50,000, which was subsequently increased to $75,- 000. The officers from the start have been as follows: George Timmons, president ; F. S. Wicks, treasurer ; M, J. Colwell, secretary ; and Frank A. HoUenbeck, super intendent. Mr. HoUenbeck has taken out in all about thirty patents, mainly of guns and of machinery for manufacturing them, and also a number on builders' hardware. Many of them have been very successful, noticeably the HoUenbeck Hygienic Saddle for Bicycles which he commenced the manufacture of in September, 1895. In Oct., 1872, he married Angie F., daughter of Henry Session, of Homer, and they have five children: Charles F., Albert H., Earl, Frank A., jr., and Clara I. Moyer, Harvey A., Syracuse, was born in the town of Clay, Onondaga Co., Feb. 7 1853. His grandfather, Jacob Moyer, was of Holland Dutch descent and came from the Mohawk Valley to Clay at a very early date. His father, Oliver Moyer, 480 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. his son, was born there in 1830 and died in Lysander in 1885. Both were sub stantial farmers. Harvey A. Moyer was reared on a farm and received a district school education. At the age of 13 he built with his own hands a carriage shop in his father's orchard, a picture of which he now treasures in his office as a memento of his first efforts at carriage making. When 16 he began selling wooden pumps, and-af ter continuing that business for four years engaged in wagon making in Cicero, building twenty-eight wagons and repairing scores of others the first year. He car ried on this enterprise for five years. In 1881 he came to Syracuse and purchased property containing three stores on the corner of Wolf and Park streets in the First ward, and here he has ever since carried on a constantly increasing business in the manufacture of wagons, carriages, etc In 1882 he built a structure on Park street; in 1888 another was added on Salina street ; and in 1895 three more stores were pur chased on Wolf street, and the entire front handsomely remodeled. His business has grown until now it is the largest of the kind in the county, and embraces the manufacture and sale of wagons, carriages, coupes, sleighs, cutters, etc., of every description, which are wholesaled and retailed in every State in the Union. During his twenty years as a carriage manufacturer Mr. Moyer has made and sold upwards of 56.000 vehicles, and no man connected with the trade has a wider reputation. He has employed as many as 275 hands. In July, 1871, Mr. Moyer married Rosamond, daughter of Cheney Wilcox, of Baldwinsville, and they have two children : Burt W. and Maud. Merriam, Thomas, son of Noah, was born in Cicero, Onondaga Co., April 13, 1843. Noah Merriam came to that town from Delaware Co., N. Y. , in 1820, and died in 1879. He was a farmer, and for many years town overseer of the poor. He mar ried Mary Ann Brown and they had three sons and four daughters, of whom there are living Henry H., of Oswego Falls, N. Y. ; Isaac B., of Chattanooga, Tenn. ; Mrs. B. J. Skiff, of Syracuse; Mrs. J. L. Brown, of Wilcox, Pa.; and Mrs. P. S. Ernhout and Thomas of Syracuse. Thomas Merriam attended the public schools of Cicero and was graduated from the Cortland Academy in 1862. He immediately assisted in raising Co. H, of the 149th N. Y. Vols., and on Sept. 17th of that year was mustered into the U. S. service as 2d lieutenant. From May 1, 1863, until after the battle of Gettysburg he commanded the company as lieutenant; he was then sent to New York to aid in enforcing the draft and later went to Elmira for the same purpose. Nov. 1, 1863, he rejoined his regiment and took command of Co. H, as first lieutenant, but on Nov. 24 was wounded in the left arm and both legs at Look out Mountain. He was sent home and remained until March, 1864, when he again joined the regiment at Stevenson, Ala. May 1 he was made regimental quarter master; in August he was promoted captain, took command of his old company, and served with the regiment in Sherman's march to the sea till the capture of Atlanta, having command of the mounted foragers through Georgia and the Carolinas. He was mustered out at Bladensburg, Md., in June, 1865, as captain, and later was brevetted major of volunteers by the governor of New York. Returning home Mr. Merriam settled in Syracuse, and on Oct. 1, 1865, formed a partnership with James Tefft, under the firm name of Tefft & Merriam, and engaged in the retail hardware business. Mr. Tefft soon retired and Mr. Merriam continued successfully, alone and with partners, most of the time as Merriam & Gregory, for twenty-four years. FAMILY SKETCHES. 481 In 1878 he also became interested in the manufacture of sash, doors, blinds, wood work, special furniture, interior finish, etc. Mr. Merriam is a staunch Republican and served as treasurer of Onondaga Co. one term and alderman of the 8th ward one year. He is a charter member and was for two terms commander of Root Post G. A. 'R. , is a member of the Loyal Legion, president of the Onondaga Club, a di rector in the New York Brick and Paving Company and Merchants National Bank, and president and one of the incorporators of the Empire Contract Company, organ ized to do street paving, etc. In 1872 he married Carrie E., daughter of Dr. Will iam C. Doane, of Williamsport, Pa., and they have one daughter, Mary D. Nims, Horace, M. D. , was a son of Asa and Marietta (Nichols) Nims, and was born in the village of Manlius, Onondaga County, July 5, 1815. His parents, who were natives of Massachusetts, were endowed with sterling traits of character peculiar to New England, and gave to their six children that knowl edge and discipline which dis tinguished them throughout honorable careers. They were among the earliest settlers in the town of Manlius, where, in the village of that name, Asa Nims established a saddlery and harness shop, and where he served for many years as j ustice of the peace. His wife died December 28, 1835; his death occurred October 3, 1836. Dr. Nims inherited those ele vating characteristics which ennobled the lives of his an cestors, and especially those qualities of manliness which endeared him to a wide circle of friends and acquaintances. He finished his literary edu cation at the old Whitestown Seminary, and at the age of twenty entered Fairfield Med ical College, where he remain ed one term. He subsequent ly matriculated at Geneva Medical College and was grad uated from that institution in 1837, and began the practice of his profession in his native village in association with Dr. William Taylor, his former preceptor. A few years later he was practicing alone and so ^continued during nearly the remainder of his life, meeting with constantly increasing success and iii Horace Nims, M. D. 482 ONONDAGA'S. CENTENNIAL. building up a large and lucrative business. In 1843 he also opened a drug store in Manlius village, which he successfully continued in addition to his professional work until 1884, when, on account of ill health, he retired from the former and gradually relinquished the latter. As a physician he endeared himself to every one with whom he came in contact. He was kind and gentle, sympathetic, modest, genial, and ¦ companionable, and his cheerfulness and encouraging words in the sick room often wrought cures beyond the power of drugs. He was a man of untarnished reputation, a noble benefactor, a liberal, public spirited citizen, and a tender and indulgent husband and father. His charities were numberless, his kind acts and benevolent deeds are monuments to his memory. To the poor he gave generously and willingly, and to all who knew him his words of encouragement and advice were treasured bits of wisdom and help. His life was one of self-sacrifice and devotion, for he loved his profession, though it was often attended with great toil and anxiety. During his last hours, in the calm assurance of faith as unfaltering as it was pure, he committed himself to the Lord and peacefully passed to that bourne where none "shall say, ' I am sick.' " He died on the 16th of December, 1894, after an illness of two days, and the assemblage at his funeral told in unspeakable terms the great respect and love entertained for him in the town of his birth and life-long practice. His mem ory is precious, not only to his immediate family, but to the multitude who, during more than forty years, felt his gentle, ministering touch. Dr. Nims was appointed postmaster of Manlius in 1849 and held that office four years. On October 10, 1862, he was commissioned by Governor Morgan assistant surgeon of the 149th N. Y. Vols. , and after serving with that regiment for six months was taken ill and obliged to return home. During his army life and ever afterward he took a tender interest in those who participated in the war and in the welfare of soldiers and their families, and it was through his personal efforts that many sub sequently secured pensions. The soldiers and veterans always entertained for him a high regard and frequently expressed their love in unmistakable terms. He was a member of the Onondaga County Medical Society for over forty years, was senior warden of Christ church, Manlius, for more than twenty years, and served some time as a member of the board of education and as trustee of common schools. He took a keen interest in all public matters, and invariably lent his aid and influence in furthering every worthy object. He was married in 1848 to Miss Frances, daughter of Reuben and Sarah (Wads- worth) Johnson, who survives him. Their children were Frank H. and Bertrand N., druggists of Manlius; and Dr. Herbert J., a practicing physician of that place. An adopted granddaughter, Eva M. , is the wife of Arthur B. Knight, formerly su perintendent of the Pike Manufacturing Company of Manlius. Hendricks, Hon. Francis, Syracuse, son of Edmund, merchant, was born in Kingston, Ulster county, Nov. 23, 1834, was educated in the common schools and in the Albany Academy, and clerked for several years in Rochester, N. Y. In 1861 he came to Syracuse and engaged in business as a dealer in pictures, engravings, and fine art goods, in which he has since continued, for several years the firm name being Francis Hendricks & Co. In politics Mr. Hendricks has long been recognized as a leader of the Republican party. He was elected mayor in 1880 and again in 1881, member of assembly in 1884 and 18§5, State senator from 1886 to 1891 inclusive, FAMILY SKETCHES. 483 and collector of the port of New York for three years from 1891. He is president of the State Bank of Syracuse and of the Trust and Deposit Company of Onondaga, trustee of the Syracuse Savings Bank and a member of the Board of Trustees of Syra cuse University. Fairchild, Merritt Byron, M. D., is the third son of Robert T. Fairchild, a carpen ter and builder, and was born in Depauville, Jefferson Co., N.Y., April 1, 1839. He was educated in the district schools of his native town, at Belleville Academy, at Cazenovia Seminary, and at the State Normal School in Albany, where he was graduated in 1864. During all this period he taught a number of terms of school, and after graduation taught in a school in Barry town, Dutchess Co., three years, and the Polytechnic Institute for boys in Brooklyn one year. Meanwhile he had studied medicine, and resigning the latter position he entered the Albany Medical College under Dr. James E. Pomfret in 1866 and was graduated from that institution in Dec, 1868. He had previously been appointed by Gov. R. E. Fenton assistant surgeon in the New York State Soldiers' Home, which position he held one year. In May, 1869, he came to Syracuse, where he has since followed a successful general practice as a physician and surgeon. Dr. Fairchild was city physician under Mayor Vann in 1879 and under Mayor Hendricks in 1880. He is a member of the Onon daga County and Central New York Medical Societies and a charter member of the Syracuse Academy of Medicine. He is a member and past master of Central City Lodge No. 305, F. & A M., a member and past high priest of Central City Chapter No. 70, R. A. M., a member of Central City Commandery, K. T., a member of and past noble grand of Americus Lodge No. 607, I. O. O. F., a member and colonel of the 2d Regiment New York State Department I. O. O. F., and a charter member of the North Side Business Men's Association. Oct. 12, 1870, he married Jennie M., daughter of Nathan S. Hayes, of Utica, N.Y., and they have two children: Nathan Hayes and Marion E. Dey Brothers & Co., of Syracuse, one of the leading dry goods firms in Central New York, was founded by Robert Dey and his brothers in the spring of 1883, and from the start has taken a foremost rank among similar establishments in the city. The firm consists of Robert, Donald, and James Dey, two other brothers having several years ago retired to follow other enterprises. For many years the business was conducted at what is now Nos. 205 and 207 South Salina street, whence it was removed in the spring of 1894 to the corner of South Salina and East Jefferson streets, where a magnificent and imposing structure had been erected for the pur pose. This is one of the largest, finest, and most convenient commercial buildings in the State, and is almost exclusively occupied by the firm. The firm has done much to abolish old fashioned and objectionable business methods pertaining to the dry goods trade, and has always been foremost in movements to promote early clos ing and the establishment of a weekly half-holiday. Dey, Robert, founder and head of the extensive dry goods house of Dey Brothers & Co., of Syracuse, was born in the parish of Abernethy, Morayshire, Scotland, No vember 25, 1849, and received his education in the district school of Kirkmichael. At the age of seventeen he went to Aberdeen, where his three elder brothers were pursuing their studies, and there entered the employ of Pratt & Keith, the largest dry goods dealers in the north of Scotland. Five years later he came to America 484 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. and entered the employ of Sibley, Lindsay & Curr, of Rochester, N. Y., where he was subsequently joined by his brother Donald. In the spring of 1877 the two brothers opened a small store in Elmira, where in quick succes'sion three other mem bers of the family, Charles, James, and John, added their talents to the new enter prise, which grew rapidly into large proportions. In the spring of 1883 they opened a similar establishment in Syracuse, which has no peer in Central New York. Mr. Dey is one of the ablest business men in the county, and is prominently identified with several organizations. In 1890 he was married to Miss Mary Mills Sweet, eldest daughter of William A. Sweet, of Syracuse. Dey, Donald, Syracuse, was born in the Highlands of Scotland, his father, a man of sterling worth and great force of character, having a farm and mill on the borders of Banff and Moray, the mill stream forming a dividing line between the two coun ties. He finally joined his brother Robert in America and entered the employ of Sibley, Lindsay & Curr, of Rochester, N. Y. In the spring of 1877 the two brothers established themselves in the dry goods business in Elmira, and six years later founded the present business of Dey Brothers & Co. in Syracuse. Mr. Dey has long taken a keen interest in the city's welfare and prosperity, and is prominently identi fied with some of its leading institutions, notably the Business Men's Association,. which he has served as president for several years. Dey, James George Samuel, Syracuse, the youngest member of the firm of Dey Brothers & Co., Onondaga county's greatest dry goods merchants, was born in the Highlands of Scotland and there received his early education. When about twelve years of age, with a thirst for knowledge, he went to the university city of Aberdeen and began a course of study preparatory to entering the university there. His older brothers by this time were making headway in America and had become convinced of the fact that this is a country of great possibilities, and the strong arguments held out by them in favor of a Dey organization in the near future induced James to join them in the new world. The better to fit him for his future career Mr. Dey under went a thorough training in Rochester Business College and later entered the office of Sibley, Lindsay & Curr in that city. In a short time he joined Robert and Donald Dey, who had by this time started in business in Elmira, and together they have ever since climbed the ladder of success, illustrating to a notable degree the truth of the maxim that union- is strength. Thirteen years ago the brothers came to Syracuse, and every year their success has become marked, culminating in the erection two years ago of the magnificent structure at the corner of South Salina and Jefferson streets, which for area, architectural beauty, and modern equipment, stands without a peer in Central New York. James Dey is an artist of no mean order, and his ideas to a great extent have been carried out in the fitting up of the firm s palatial place of business. At one time he had almost decided to take up art as a profession, and his pencil still brings him pleasure and recreation in the midst of a busy business. In the Leland Hotel fire some years ago he sustained a heavy loss in the destruction of a valued collection of etchings made during his boyhood in Scotland. He is punc tilious and methodical in the superlative degree, and in this respect again his im parted influence is clearly seen in the daily business of the firm. Mr. Dey is of a re tiring disposition whose gentlemanly instincts and good common sense are not un settled by the high and responsible position which, although still a young man, he FAMILY SKETCHES. 485 now occupies. He is a great reader, especially of historical and art works, a man of progressive ideas, and with a pre-eminently promising future. Babcock, Rev. Theodore, D.D., Manlius, rector of Christ's church, Manlius, isa lineal descendant of (1) James Babcock, a native of Sussex Co., England, who came to Plymouth, Mass., in 1623. He had five children. The line of descent is (2) John, born in England and settled in Westerly, R. I. ; (3) Job, born in 1660; (4) Job, 1698; (5) 'Josiah, 1720; (6) John, born in Mansfield, Mass., 1746, removed to Coventry, Conn. ; (7) Rev. Deodatus, born in Coventry, June 19, 1790 ; and (8) Dr. Theodore. Rev. Deodatus Babcock came to Manlius, Onondaga Co. , in 1814, and was a teacher in the old Franklin school there and also clerk of the vestry of Christ church for two years. He studied for the ministry and was ordained in 1819, and until 1824 was a missionary in Buffalo, where he built the original St. Paul's church. In 1854 he re moved to Ballston Spa, Saratoga Co., where he served as rector of Christ church for twenty-one years, and where he spent the remainder of his life (except two years in Troy), serving as the principal of the flourishing church school, which he founded. He died there February 2, 1875. Three of his sisters, Hannah, Lydia, and Betsey, followed him to Manlius, and were for many years well-known and respected residents in the town and village and influential in the church. Lydia was married in 1836 to Col. John Sprague, and remained with her two sisters in Fayetteville, where she continued to be esteemed until her death in 1864, and where the Colonel died a few years previous. Rev. Deodatus Babcock married Mary Hine, of Cairo, Greene Co. (who was born June 10, 1794, and died Feb. 27, 1866). Of their seven children Dr. Theodore Babcock, the eldest, was born in Buffalo, N. Y. , May 23, 1822, was graduated from Union College in July, 1841, and received the degree of D.D. from Hobart College in July, 1864. He was ordained deacon June 11, 1847, by Bishop De Lancey, advanced to the priesthood July 10, 1850, by Bishop Whittingham. Du ring his ministry of nearly fifty years he has served without interruption from sick ness or absence as follows: Rector of St. Paul's church, Charlton, Saratoga Co., 1847 to 1852; rector of St. John's church, Cohoes, 1852 to 1857; rector of Trinity church, Watertown, 1857 to 1872; rector of Christ church, Hudson, 1872 to 1875; head mas ter of St. John's school, Manlius, 1875 to 1881 ; rector of Christ church, Oswego, 1881 to 1882; and rector of Christ church, Manlius, and St. Mark's church, James ville, from Jan., 1883, to present time, residing in Manlius village. Besides these he has served his diocese in several high offices, being a clerical deputy to the general conventions of 1865, 1868, 1871, and 1894, and a member of important committees in the erection and organization of the new diocese of Central New York in 1867, 1868, and 1869. He is now and has been for several years a member of the standing com mittee of this diocese and of the board of examining chaplains. Oct. 7, 1847, he was married in Bethe«da church in Saratoga Springs to Elizabeth, daughter of David Nash, who was born in Watervliet, N. Y., March 16, 1825, and died in Manlius, Nov. 8, 1895, leaving four sons and one daughter: Theodore, jr., Henry Nash, Lewis Wainwright, Charles Edward, and Mary. Pratt Family, The, Manlius. — Seymour Pratt and his wife Nancy came to Fayette ville, Onondaga Co , at a very early day, and died there. He was a prominent citizen, and for many years was engaged in manufacturing water-lime, in farming, contracting, etc. They had five children: Sheldon, of Fayetteville; Henry, de- 486 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. ceased; James, of Washington, D. C. ; Mrs. Waldon Tibbetts, of Syracuse; and Mary, of Fayetteville. Henry Pratt married Lydia C. , daughter of John and Mary (Pratt) Rowley, and died May 7, 1889. Their children were John D., Lizzie S., and Carrie L. , of Fayetteville, and Henry R. , of Kansas City, Mo. This family is re lated by marriage to the old Pratt family of Pompey, founded by Daniel and Manoah, brothers, at Pratt's Falls in the latter part of the last century. Daniel married Mary Morgan and had six children : Mary (Mrs. John Rowley and afterward Mrs. John Hodge), Charles, Seabred, Eugene, Homer, and Edward, of whom only Mary, of Fayetteville, and Homer, of Manlius, and Edward, of Cazenovia, are living. Delong, George, Clay, was born in the town of Clay, Feb. 9, 1831, son of Abram and Eve Delong, both deceased. The father was married three times, our subject being a son of his first wife. Mr. Delong now owns a farm of fifty acres. He mar ried Naomi, daughter of Jewett Melvin, who was one of the pioneer settlers of Clay. Our subject has two children, Jewett and Emma, wife of a Mr. Clay. Jewett is con nected with the post-office department in Syracuse. Delong filled the office of com missioner of highways for two terms. Crock, Betheser, Clay, born in Germany, Jan. 14, 1832, came to this country about twenty-five years ago, and settled at Clay Corners, working at farming until 1861, when he started in life for himself by buying land in Clay. He married Eva M. Em- rick of Clay. After four years he traded the forty acres for the farm he now owns. Mr. and Mrs. Crock have had five children, two of whom are now living: Frank and Hiram. Mr. Crock received his education in Germany. Bass, William H., Spafford, was born in Hamilton Co., Jan. 16, 1851, the fifth of seven children of William and Catherine (Eglin) Bass, natives of that county, who came to Rensselaer Co. later, and in 1870 to Spafford, where they have since lived. The grandfather, Zadoc Bass, a native of Hamilton Co., was a son of one of the ear liest settlers there. The father of our subject is a farmer and a Democrat, and he and wife are attendants at the M. E. church. William H. was reared on a farm, educated in the common schools, and afterward engaged in farming. He came to Spafford in 1870, and bought ninety-two acres of land at first, to which he has added until he now owns 131 acres. He was assessor for three years, and supervisor dur ing 1888-90. In 1877 he married Libbie Legg, of this town, daughter of William W. and M. (Prindle) Legg, her grandfather having been one of the first settlers of the town. Mr. and Mrs. Bass have had three children: Ray, born Nov, 20, 1881; Otha, born Dee. 27, 1884; and Glenn, born May 27, 1889. Schoonmaker, Frederick T. , Fabius, born in Syracuse, Aug. 25, 1864, son of Fred erick J. and Hannah L. (Thompson) Schoonmaker, of Ulster Co., the former born Feb. 17, 1822. Frederick J. , a carpenter by trade, came to Syracuse in 1863, and there worked at his trade until 1878, when he removed to Fabius and engaged in farming in the village in a small way. His father was James, who married Maria Davis, both of Ulster Co. , where they died,- he in 1864 and his wife in 1832. The grandparents of our subject on both sides were pioneers of Ulster Co., and both grandfathers were captains in the Revolution. Frederick T. was educated in the public schools of Syracuse until fourteen years of age, when he came with his par ents to Fabius, and attended the Fabius school and the Cortland Normal. He first FAMILY SKETCHES. 487 engaged in cheese making at Fabius and at Summit Station summers, and taught school winters, and in 1890 engaged in the grocery business at Fabius, where he is still located, keeping a general line of groceries, provisions, notions, workingmen's clothing, etc In 1889 he married Lizzie Pulford, daughter of D. F. Pulford of Delphi, who died Feb. 13, 1894, leaving one son, J. Pulford Schoonmaker, born March 15, 1891. Shepp, Nicholas, Manlius, was born in France, Sept. 10, 1835, and came to this country with his parents when only one year old. Marcus Shepp, his father, bought four acres in the northern part of Manlius and by his industry and perseverance ac quired considerable property. He died April 12, aged 75 years. Mr. Shepp was a soldier in his native land seven years. He married Hannah Kline, by whom he had eight children, six of whom are now living. Nicholas, the oldest son, was educated in the common schools, then engaged in farming. At the age of 14 years he started in for himself, and by his industry was enabled, in 1867, to purchase a farm of sixty- one acres, which he owned for twelve years. May 5, 1872, he bought the farm where he now resides, to which he made many valuable improvements, rebuilding the resi dence, building new outbuildings, etc. He now has one of the prettiest homes in that section. On coming to this place, Mr. Shepp added to his farm work the manu facture of cider, and the annual output of his mill is now about 250 casks. In 1861, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Prof. C. Henry Herbaner, of Buffalo. Prof. Her- baner was a musician of Germany and a teacher of music in this country. Mr. and Mrs. Shepp have had six children: Anna, living at home; Mary, wife of William Witmore, hardware merchant of Rochester; Jennie, living at home; Peter, died Nov. 7, 1884, aged 14 years; Flora, wife of George H. Ball, a farmer of Jamesyille and Marcus, school boy of 17 years of age. Sumner, Robert T., Clay, was born in Saratoga Co. March 12, 1825, son of Amasa Sumner who was born at Edinburgh, Saratoga Co. The original family was from Connecticut. Robert T., our subject, came to Clay in 1856, settled where he now resides, owning a fine farm of 260 acres. He makes a specialty of hay, and keeps from twenty to thirty head of cows, from which he gets an abundant supply, of milk and cream. He married Polly, daughter of Sumner Smith and their children are: Cortland L. , David C, and Evaline M. Mr. Sumner has held the office of commis sioner of highways, and is a member of the Masonic fraternity. West, Mrs. Lucy M. , Clay, widow of the late Daniel West, was born April 23, 1836. Mr. West was born July 14, 1828, and was a farmer. He came to Clay when about eight years of age with his father, John L. West, and settled on the farm formerly worked by Mr. West, and since his death Mrs. West continues to manage affairs, she being a woman of great executive ability in this line. When the father of Mr. West came to this place it was a wilderness, which he cleared, and built the house now occupied by our subject. There children were: B. M., Ora A., J. W , and Carrie E., who died at the, age of 31, leaving a husband. Two of the sons live in Michigan and one daughter in the city of Syracuse. Babcock, R. A., Baldwinsville, was Born in the town of Lysander, Jan. 24, 1849, son of Edwin M., who came to Onondaga Co. in 1828 with his father, Avery Babcock, who purchased the Babcock homestead which has been in the possession of the family for sixty-six years. Edwin M. married Catherine Bellinger, by whom he had 488 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. two children : Richard A. and Mrs. Mary E. Scripture. He died in 1888, aged sixty- two years. Richard A. was educated in the common schools and at Falley Semin ary, after which he returned to his father's farm. In 1874 he went to Iowa, where he remained until 1881, when he returned to Baldwinsville. In 1882 he purchased the hotel property at Sandy Creek, where he remained until 1885; in 1886 he came to Baldwinsville and leased the Seneca Hotel property, which he now conducts. Mr. Babcock is one of the best known men in the town. RumrihYC. L. , Dewitt, dealer in coal, wood, cement, fertilizers, etc., was born in the city of Oswego in 1840. Between the ages of six and eighteen years he resided in Cortland Co. He then returned to Oswego Co. and followed agricultural pursuits until 1861, when he enlisted in Co. D of the 81st N. Y. Inf. He served four years and was mustered out as 1st lieutenant. His company was in twenty-two en gagements. He was with his regiment at the time of the surrender at Richmond and assisted in releasing the 390 prisoners from Libby Prison. After the war he followed the carpenter's trade in various parts of the State until he located in East Syracuse in 1885. He continued mechanical pursuits for seven years after locating here, and then embarked in his present business. He has filled the office of village trustee forv three years. In 1872 he married Harriet McComb, by whom he has two children, Myra E., wife of Prof. F. K. Smith, and Charles C. Miller, George, Dewitt, was born in Dewitt on James street, in 1827. Samuel L. , the father, was born in Schoharie Co. in 1799, and located when a boy on James street with his father, Samuel Miller, who died in Collamer. The father, who was a me chanic, lived in Dewitt fifty years, and died at the age of seventy-six. In 1840 Mr. Miller moved to his present place. In 1850 he married Catherine Hair, a native of Albany. Mr. Miller owns a farm of twenty-six acres and follows general farming and dairying. Morgan, Carter C, La Fayette, was born in Preble, Cortland Co., October 2, 1840, a son of Jabez and Hannah (Crofoot) Morgan, he a native of Truxton and she of Preble. The grandfather was an early settler of Truxton, where he died in 1846. His wife died in 1877. Carter was educated in the public schools, and followed farming in Cortland county until 1863, when he spent a year and a half in Fabius and in 1865 came to this town, where he has since resided. He owns 111 acres of land, and follows general farming, and dairying. In 1864 he married Jeanette Wil cox, who was born in Oswego Co. July 3, 1841, a daughter of Jacob Wilcox, who was born in Onondaga Co. and died in La Fayette, January 31, 1893, aged seventy-eight, his wife dying in 1879. Our subject and wife have one daughter, Jennie, born June 8, 1867, who was a teacher for several years. She married Elmer Alexander, son of William, mentioned elsewhere. In October, 1861, Mr. Morgan enlisted in the Navy and served nine months, being on a supply vessel. Reeves, Mark, Pompey, was born in England, July 3, 1833, a son of William and Sarah (Reynolds) Reeves, who came from England to Fall River, Mass. , in 1848, the father dying in Trenton, N. J., at the age of 67, and the mother in Worcester, aged 99. Our subject was reared in England and came to New Jersey at the age of 17. He was a wire roller by trade, and went Fall River, where he was superintendent of the iron works for several years. In 1884 he came to Pompey to take charge of the FAMILY SKETCHES. 489 Geddes Rolling Mill, but the firm failed and he settled on the farm now owned by his family. He finally went to Bridgeport, Conn., where he was killed June 28, 1889. In 1856 he married Elizabeth Wharton, a daughter of Jonas and Rachael Wharton of Pennsylvania, and they had 13 children, nine of whom survive: Frank J., Annie W., YValter M., Lizzie R., Lottie I., Bertha Alice, Vincent, George W., and Chester B. Mr. Reeves was a Baptist during his life, and was deacon in the church at Fall River, being also superintendent of Sunday schools. King, Elisha, Fabius, a native of the town of Sodus, was born in 1836, a son of William and Rachael (Corwin) King, natives of Monmouth Co. , N. J. , and of Wayne county, N. Y., respectively. The grandparents were William and Elizabeth King, the former a wheelwright who settled near Ithaca, where he engaged in running a ferry boat on Cayuga Lake. Here he died, and his wife removed to Wayne county, William, father of our subject, went to Sodus when a young man and engaged in farming, working also on the Erie canal when it was being dug, and spent his last days with Elisha. The latter was reared to farm work, which he has always fol lowed, and now has a fine place of 178 acres in Fabius, where he makes a specialty of dairying. In 1866 he married Mary Derby, of Wayne county, by whom he has two sons, William and Jesse. Plant, Byron, Cicero, was born in the town of Cicero, April 29, 1839, son of Loren and Sarah Plant, who came to the town about 60 years ago. The father has fol lowed the various lines of coopering, wagon making, and butchering. He married Sarah Simley, a descendant of the old pioneer settlers. They were the parents of three children. Byron has devoted his time and attention to butchering. ¦ He car ried on this business in Syracuse for two years, before moving to Cicero. He mar ried Minerva, daughter of Asahel Saunders, of Cicero, a painter by trade. Mr. Plant has been town clerk for the last six years, he as also held other minor offices. Lonergan, Stephen J., Baldwinsville, was born in Syracuse, June 25, 1849. His father, Thomas Lonergan, was a native of Ireland, who came to the United States in 1849 and settled in the town of Van Buren, where he was engaged in farming. He died in 1853, at the age of 25 years. Stephen J. was educated in the common schools and is a self-made man. In 1880 he came to Baldwinsville and engaged in contracting and building, having erected some of the handsomest and most expen sive blocks and dwelling houses in the village, including the Bisdee block, the bam boo factory, and the residences of Jacob Amos and others. He married Mary, daughter of James Coakley, by whom he has two children; James L. and Mary E. Mr. Lonergan has served as trustee of the village and school and in 1894 was ap pointed postmaster by President Cleveland. Pink, Jacob, Clay, was born in Germany, Feb. 16, 1828, came to the United States in 1852 and settled in Salina, Onondaga Co. , where he lived fourteen years. He then sold his farm and moved to his present residence in Clay, now owning a farm of seventy-one acres. He married Margaret Wenbecker in Germany, and they had seven children: Katie, Mary, John J., Adam, Bena, Eliza and Charles. Kinnally, Timothy, Camillus, was born in Ireland in 1840. He came to Camillus when thirteen years of age and in 1864 located on his present farm of 186 acres. He iii 490 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. has filled the offices of road commissioner and collector. His first wife was Sarah Ryan. His present wife was Johanna Butter. He has nine children. Hayes, William C. , Pompey, was born in Cazenovia, Madison Co., Aug. 9, 1856, a son of William H. and Martha E. Hayes, he a native of Delphi and she of Cazenovia. The grandfather of our subject was a native of Winsted, Conn. , born in 1803, who married Zilpha Lord. Homer Hayes came to Pompey in 1815 with his parents, Benjamin and Alithere Bacon, he a native of Wales, born in 1746 who came to America when a young man, and was in the Revolution. He settled in Pompey, where he died in 1842. Homer was a cooper by trade, and spent his life in the vil lage of Delphi, where he died in 1882, and his wife in 1862, The father of our sub ject is a harnessmaker by trade, and followed his business in Cazenovia and in Syra cuse four years, and is now working at his trade in Delphi. He is a Republican in politics, and was school collector for twenty years in succession. He is one of the oldest members of the Pleasant Valley Lodge of Odd Fellows of which he is secre tary. William C. was reared on the farm and learned the shoemaker's trade, which he has followed in connection with farming. He has taken a'prominent part in town affairs, having served as collector, inspector, and constable. He is also an Odd Ft 1- low. In 1878 he married Alice E., daughter of Martin L. and Irena (Howard) Web ster of Pompey, the latter having died Jan. 15, 1893." Mr. and Mrs. Hayes have had six children: Lulu B., Iva M., Bruce F., Raymond W., Eldah E., Maida A., who died in infancy. Mr. Hayes has also served as trustee of Delphi School, and is now in his third ye«r as drum major of Delphi Cornet Band. Kratzer, Rumont, Van Buren, was born in Germany, Feb. 3, 1851. His father, Joseph K. , came to the United States in 1854 and settled in Albany, but in 1856 moved to Baldwinsville. Rumont was educated in Baldwinsville after which he en tered the James Frazee Mill, where he still remains after a service of thirty years, holding the position of head miller and is also a member of the James Frazee Mill ing Co. At the age of 24 he married Mary E. Krafft and they have two children, Earl R. and Leslie. Mr. Kratzer is one of the leading men of his town, holding the offices of trustee and water commissioner. Jackson, Melville, Cicero, was, born in Cicero, March 29, 1845, son of John W. and Julia (Schuiber) Jackson, who were among the first settlers of the town of Cicero. The father taught school in early life, but afterwards took up farming, which he fol lowed until his death, at the age of 72 years. They were the parents of five children, James J., Emeline P., Andrew, Elias, and Melville. Melville remained at home with his parents until 1874, since which time he has followed butchering in the village of Cicero. He also carries a line of groceries. He married Almira A. Baum, by whom he has two children, Charles L., who is in business with his father; and Malony. Mr. Jackson was elected supervisor in 1880, being the first Democrat elected in thirty-six years He is at present postmaster of the village Phelps, William R., Dewitt, was born in Dewitt -in 1865, son of Dudley R. and Adelia M. (Avery) Phelps. The mother died while William was an infant, and the father still resides in the town. William R. was raised by his grandfather, William Avery, and educated in the district schools and the Syracuse public schools. His grandfather came to the town of Dewitt at an early date, where he ran a packet for FAMILY SKETCHES. 491 many years, and was otherwise extensively engaged in boating interests. He was superintendent of the canal for several years, and died where William R. now lives on March 15, 1889,' aged 47 years. Mr. Phelps was married in 1884 to Mary I. Whit- bread. He has 154 acres of well improved land and follows general farming and dairying. Nixon, James, Manlius, was born in Ireland, August 1, 1817, and came to this country in 1833. He first located in St. Johns, New Brunswick, where he was en gaged as hotel keeper and ferryman for fourteen years. In 1847 he went to Bangor, Maine, where he engaged in the lumber business. About 1851 he came to this State, locating on a farm in the town of Manlius, first being employed on a farm, then working one on shares. In 1856 he bought the Ester farm, which he sold three years later and bought what is now the Allen Avery farm. In 1860 he bought a farm of seventy-five acres, where he has since made his home. While conducting a general line of farming. Mr. Nixon has made a specialty of the culture of tobacco. He was trustee of the school ten years and has been a member of the Baptist church for twenty years. He was married in his native land in 1833 to Mary Lee, by whom he had eight sons and four daughters: Isabel, widow of James McCormick, of Boston ; Robert, who now conducts the farm, but has spent twenty years in the West, fifteen years in the baggage business in Lincoln, Neb.; James A., superintendent of the House of the Good Samaritan, of Boston ; Mary, married Judson Scott, of Boston, died Oct. 27, 1877; Thomas, died Jan. 26, 1876, aged 33 years; Jennie, of Fayetteville ; John, farmer, of Augusta, Kansas ; William, carpenter and joiner, of San Jose, Cal. ; Eliza, wife of Rufus Baldwin, a farmer, of Manlius; Edward died, Nov. 15, 1881, aged 38; Henry, superintendent of the Water Works in Homer, Cort land Co, ; and Franklin C. , an engineer, of Homer. Otis, Isaac C, Elbridge, was born in Jordan in 1832, a son of Herod Otis, whose father, Isaac, was born in Massachusetts in 1768, and who came to Fabius where Herod was born in 1804. In 1812 the family came to Elbridge village, where they kept a hotel, in which General Scott and his officers were entertained when the army was on its march to the battle of Lundy's Lane. In 1816 Isaac located on the site of Jordan, opening it up as a farm. Soon after the canal was built, and the land became quite valuable. Mr. Otis lived here till his death in 1854. There were four daughters and one son, Herod, who spent his life in Jordan, and who died in 1875. He married Sarah E., daughter of Isaac Coonley, and had one son, Isaac C, and four daughters, Lavinia, now Mrs. George K. Dauchy of Chicago; Eleanor, wife of Pros. O. Westcott of Chicago; and Sarah, who died at Clifton Springs in 1893, and one who died in infancy. Isaac C. always has resided in Jordan, and was educated there. He married Franc J., daughter of Smith Wood, whose parents died in 1879. Mr. Otis has one son, Harry N., who has spent several years in the bank of his uncle, Samuel H. Wood, in Denver. Mr. Otis's business is stock raising, and his specialties are Holstein cattle and coach horses. The Otis family has always been connected with the Presbyterian church, Isaac having been one of the founders of the Jordan church. Sizeland, Charles W., Baldwinsville, was born in Philadelphia Feb. 3, 1860. His father, Abraham, was a native of England, who came to the United States in 1836, settling in Philadelphia, where he engaged in the manufacture of carriages. He 492 ONONDAGA'S CENTENNIAL. married Anna, daughter of Charles Brown, of Oxbow, Jefferson Co., and they had four children. Mr. Sizeland enlisted June 23, 1862, in Co. C, 10th N. Y. Heavy Artillery. He was an artificer and held that office until the close of the war, receiv ing his discharge in June, 1865. He came to 'Baldwinsville in 1886, where he re mained until his dea.th in 1892. Charles W. Sizeland married Mary, daughter of Dwight Davis, one of the first settlers in the town of Lysander. They have three daughters: Fannie, Blanche, and Christine. July 21, 1879, Mr. Sizeland established a carriage manufactory in Plainville and in 1888 he added the general mercantile business, carrying one of the finest stocks in Central New York. In 1888 he was ap pointed postmaster. He is one of the leading business men of the town. Wirth, Maurice, Van Buren, was born in Wipperfuenth, Germany, June 3, 1848, and came to the United States in May, 1873, settling in New York city. In 1874 he went to Holyoke, Mass. , and engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods. He also spent, a short time at Woonsocket, R. I. In 1878 he went to Waterloo as superin tendent of the Waterloo Woolen Manufacturing Co., where he remained until 1886, when he purchased the Wagner property in Van Buren, where he now resides. In 1879 he married Mary C, daughter of Arlin R. Jaycox. Mr. Wirth is one of the leading men of his town. Gamble, John, Skaneateles, was born in Ireland, March 27, 1838, a son of Andrew and Sarah (Gray) Gamble of Ireland, who settled in Skaneateles in 1832 and in 1870 emigrated to Iowa, where the father died in 1875, and his widow now resides. Our subject came to Skaneateles at the age of 11 years, and the next year began life in a printing office. He worked at various occupations till 1861, when he came to Mott ville, and worked in the hotel until 1863, when he bought an interest in the house and in 1866 became its owner. In 1879 he engaged in the mercantile business, and at present is the leading merchant of Mottville, also owning the hotel still, Mr. Gamble is a member of Skaneateles Lodge, No. 522, F. & A. M., Chapter 247, R. A. M. In 1870 he married Mary Bradley, of Mottville, by whom he has had five children: George E. (deceased), Harry B., John A., Bessie (deceased), and Earl. Wands, Harrison, Dewitt, was born in Dewitt in 1840, son of Thomas H. and Jane (Swift) Wands, natives of Albany Co., and England, who located in Cicero about 1834, and in 1841 on the place where Harrison now resides. The father, who was born in 1799, resides with Harrison. In 1882 Mr. Wands married Olive Sherwood, a native of Cicero. He has filled the assessor's office two terms. Ball, Anthony, Dewitt, (brother of Jacob P.) married Christine Baker in 1867, a native of Dewitt, and has resided on his present place since 1870. In 1862 he en listed in the 122d N. Y. Inf., serving until July, 1865. Aldrich, Bruce S., Syracuse, born in Scott, Cortland Co., May 25, 1835, was reared on a farm, attended the district schools and Homer Academy, and after suffering considerably' from ill-health taught school in Spafford, Little York, and Otisco for five years. In 1855 he became a clerk in the store of David Becker in Borodino, On ondaga Co., and in 1858 went to Homer as bookkeeper for Clark Brothers. After ward he sold notions to country merchants from a large wagon for M. J. Stone & Co., and later for Stone & Carpenter, of Syracuse, and on November 20, 1865, purchased FAMILY SKETCHES. 493 an interest in the tobacco business of John P. Hier, of Syracuse, with whom he re mained for twenty years. In Feb., 1885, he sold out on account of ill-health and subsequently engaged in real estate operations on a large scale, becoming the owner of immense properties, including a part of a ranch in Arizona Territory and a lumber yard in Syracuse. He was also interested in the National Typewriter Works in Parish, the Syracuse Bamboo Furniture Company, the Syracuse Gas Light and Electric and Power Companies, and the Consolidated Street Railroad Company. -He is a great lover of fine horses and an ardent Democrat in politics, and was police commissioner under Mayor W. B. Burns. In 1866 he married Miss Helen E. Min- turn, of Cortland, who died in 1872, leaving one daughter, Carrie R. INDEXES. PART I. Abbott, Bradley, 767 Samuel J., 1107 William E., 581 Abeel, Albert J., Rev., 518 Edward, 475 Abercrombie, James, Gen., 1-14, 120 Aberdeen, Charlotte, Mrs., 1093 Abolition meeting, breaking up of a, 241 Abolitionists, the, 283 Academy of Medicine, Syracuse, 379 Ackerman, J. D., 481 Adams, E. H., 319 Hiram, Dr.. 391 John, 843, 857 J. W., Rev. Dr., 423, 513 J. Watson, 453 Lorenzo W. , 799 Richard, 237 Roderick, 843 Truman, 274, 313, 320 William, Dr., 360 Zophar, 424 Agan, Patrick H., 257, 319, 477, 564, 576 P. H., Mrs., 1093 Aggregate valuations and taxes, table of, in 1895, 1077 Agricultural development, 235 methods, changes in, 260 Society, Onondaga County, 317 et seq. Albro, John, 1095 Alexander, Caleb, Rev., 512, 857, 858 L. L., 464 ' William H., 437, 441 Allen, Harry, 333 Henry W., 460 Herrick, 579 Joseph A., 547 Allis, C. W., 987 Alvord, Cornelius, 580 Cornelius L.,- 581 Dioclesian, 584, 938, 939 Alvord, Elisha, 205, 216, 584, 845, 938, 939 Earl B., 319, 565 Thomas G., 240, 245, 262, 295, 301, 302, 457, 465, 579, 580, 937, 946 Amadown, Abel, 907 American party the, or Know Nothings, 298 Ames, Silas, 421, 441 Amherst, Jeffrey, Gen., 120, 121, 125 Amos, Jacob, 561, 761 Anderson, Addy, and family, 625 John, jr., 915 Andrews, Charles, 245, 327, 333, 381, 467, 470 Elnathan, 201, 986 Harlow B., 540 Harvey G., 967 Nathaniel, 882 Thomas. 319 William S., 1093 Andrus, J. C, Rev., 521 Anti-Masons, 278 Arnold, Ebenezer, Rev., 517, 522, 524, 525 Arsenal, Onondaga, 207 Asheries 1089 Ashley, Theodore, 430, 441, 442, 551 Assembly districts, apportionment of, in 1895,307 under the Constitution of 1846, 292 members of, 308 Assemblyman, first, 264 Assessments, early method of, 192 Aunt Dinah John, 1067 Austin, Aaron, 989 Avery, Benjamin, 1044 Cyrus D., 1109 JohnT., Rev., 518 Punderson, and family, 612 Ayling, W. J., Dr., 377, 378 Aylsworth, Orrin, 882 496 INDEXES. Babcock, J. P., 552 Stanton P., Deac, 947 Backus, Helen Hiscock, Mrs., 1092 Theodore, Rev., 1110 Bacon, George A., 553 James, 908 John S., Rev., 517 Leonard, 318 Bagg, James L., 464, 542, 575, 581 James L., Mrs., 1102 Mary E., 324 Mary R., Mrs., 1093 Bailey, Clark, and family, 966 Baily, James E. , 568 Baker, Charles, Dr., 394 Charles A., 231, 420 Edward V., 658 Erastus, 965, 966 James M., 579 Joseph, and family, 926 Samuel, 624 Baldwin, Charles B., 764, 767, 1109 Harvey. 237, 241, 293, 294, 318, 417, 425, 426, 443, 458, 465, 547, 581, 582, 744, 761, 818; prophecy of, relative to Syracuse, 1076 Jonas C. , 720 ; settlement of, in Ly sander, 741-745 Samuel, 353, 741 SamuelS., 609 Stephen W., 744, 761 Baldwinsville Academy, 755 Baptist church in, 757 Board of Education, list of presidents of the, 756 early days in, 745 Era, 764 fire department of, 765 First National Bank of, 763 founding of, 742-744 Gazette, 764 Grace Episcopal church in, 758 growth of, since the war, 766 in 1849, 762 incorporation and first officers of, 764 knitting mill in, 763 legal profession in, 763 list of presidents of, 767 manufacturing industries of, 761, 762 medical profession in, 763 merchants of, 763 Methodist church in, 758 milling interests of, 761 Morris Machine Works in, 762 New Process Rawhide Co. in, 762 pioneers of, 746 Presbyterian church in, 757 railroad through, 760 Baldwinsville, St. Mary's Roman Catholic church in, 759 State Bank, 764 village officers of, in 1895, 767 water supply and water commission ers of, 766 -Ball, Lebbeus, jr., and family, 613 Thaddeus, 941 Ballard, John, 216, 267 Orrin, 579 Bangs, Reuben H., 790; and family, 798 Bank, the Onondaga County, 231 Bar of Onondaga county,, 357 Barber, Elihu, 613 T. M., Col., 1107 Bardeen, C. W., 571, 1096 Barker, B. F., 1108, 1109 Frederick W., 581 John W., 257, 468, 470, 494, 580, 581 Josephus, 275 Barlow family, the, 421 John K., 284 Barnburners, the, 288 Barnes, Asa, 600 George, 507, 581 James, 581 Barney, Amelia F., Mrs., 1093 George, 515 Barns, Phineas, sr., and family, 717 Barnum, Henry A., Gen., 248, 564 Thomas P., 563 Barrow, George, 262, 1096 Barry, Maria S., Miss, 1101 Bartlett, Levi, Dr., sketch of, 383 Bartram, John, 102, 103, 837 Basset, Dr., 417 Bassett, Parley, 494 " Battery, Jenney's, 243 Pettit' s, 254 Baum, Rosemary, Miss, 1092 Baumer, Francis, 570 Beach, Ashbel, 189 Bildad, Dr., 360, 635, 654 Elnathan, Dr., 635 Jonathan R., 946, 948 William A, 263 William H., 949 Beard, A. F., Rev., 520 Morris, 318 Beardslee, James, 230 Beatty, E., Lieut, 140 Beauchamp, H. C, 794 Mary Elizabeth, Miss, 1092 W. M., sr., 996, 997 W. M., Rev., 25, 33, 40, 41, 109, 262, 759, 767, 1008, 1095, 1108, 1109 Becker, Daniel, 1083 Beebe, Alexander M., 271, 987 INDEXES. 497 Beebe, James, 337, 608, 856 Lewis, 279 Belden, A. Cadwell, 581 Alvin J., 581 James J., 257, 381, 478, 479, 496, 581, 879 James M., Mrs. (Jennie Van Zile Belden), 1092 Bellows, Aaron, 843, 936 Benedick, Isaac, Dr., 360 Benedict, Harmon B., 1006 Jare, 874 M. D., Dr., 374, 389, 545 Bennet, Thomas, 290, 582 Bennett, David, and family, 667 Miles W., 229, 237, 452, 551, 818 Benson, Egbert, 186, 334, 335 Louise M. , Mrs. , 262, 1093 Peter, 624 Berry, Major, 319 Betts, Chauncey, 276, 284, 285 ; and fam ily, 749 Bibbens, C. H., 703 Bigelow, Otis, 231, 745 Otis M., 25, 764 G. A., 764 J. G., Dr., 394, 395 Billings, Reuben, 624 Bingham, Augustus W., 319, 1109 Rial, 193, 266, 334, 335, 739, 810, 941 Birchmyer, Paul, 244 Bird, Lieutenant, 137 Birdseye, Victory, 270, 274, 281, 284, 285, 332, 353, 371, 610, 611, 613 Bishop, Sylvanus, and family, 612 Blackmore, Ephraim, 189 Blair, William K, 419 Bliss, Mary, Miss, 321 Blodgett, Andrew B., 556, 561 Elijah, 189 Boardman, Benajah, 193, 266 Bogardus, Henry, 401, 402 Bond, Jonathan, 195 Bonta, David, 551 R. A, 477, 580 Bookstaver, D., 468 Booth & Elliott, 422 Boundaries of the county in 1801, 216 Bounty committees, 1083 jumpers," 1082 Bounties, 246, 250, 251, 253, 254 Bowen, Benajah, 980 Elijah, Col., 979 Boynton, John F., Dr., 258 Brace, David, 940 Elizur, 612 Horace, 948 Samuel W., Rev., 613,629 Brackett, Ichabod, 584, 941 Braddock, General, 113 Bradley, Amelia Royce, Mrs., 1091 Columbus C, 297. 431, 436 Columbus C, and David, 419 Dan, 266-268, 318, 331, 552, 608; and family, 634; 857 J. I., 257 Bradstreet, Colonel, 115, 120, 121 Bragdon, C. S., Rev., 524 Brainard, Seba, 205 Branch, Amaziah, 963, 968 Brant, Molly, 139 Bray ton, Warren C, 319 Breed, Gershom, 774, 790, 801 Brewster, Jonas C. , 746 Joseph W. , Dr. , sketch of, 386 ; 850 O. W., 318 S. C, 421 T. D., 481 Bridges, 259 Briggs, Jerome, 278 Jerome L., 332 James J., 298 Brigham, J. B., 548 Brinkerhoff, Aaron, 316 Bronner, Isaac H., 581 Bronson, James, 189 James Manning, 1095 Josiah, sr., 851 Brooks, David, 176, 178 J. B., 483, 487, 508, 541 Brosnan, C. M., 552 Brown, Benjamin, 874 Helen Dawes, Miss, 1092 James, 319 John, 843 J. B., Col., 247 Josephine Kingsley, Mrs., 1091 Squire M., 318 U. H., Dr., 544 Brownell, Perez,. 193, 266 W. A., 553 Bruce, B. F., Gen., 303 D. H., Gen., 566 Brummelkamp, Peter J. , 589 Bruyas, Father, 79, 94 Bruyn, Jacobus, 1083 Buck, Josiah, 204, 683, 686 Buell, George, and family, 748 Hattie, Miss, 1093 Luther, 411 Burdick, Hamilton, 1083 Perry, 581 Thompson, and family, 919-921 Burhans, H. N., Col., 260 Burnet, John B. , Major, 485 JohnH., 581 498 INDEXES. Burnet, Moses D., 227, 230, 231, 237, 287, 338, 411, 413-415, 418, 423, 430, 443, 453, 456, 458, 513, 581 Burnett, Bishop, 1004 Charles J., 998 Burnham, Alva, 1034, 1035 Burns, Peter, 321, 450, 477 Willis B., 482, 485, 569 Burr, Ozias, 335 Burroughs, W. B., 282 Burt, Aaron, 229, 231, 318, 452, 504, 547 J. Otis, Dr., 363, 374, 544 Oliver T, 469, 547 Burton, Burr, 299, 947 R. E., Rev., 263, 511 Bush, Conradt, 145 Business after the Rebellion, 256 Bussey, Edwin F., 1035 Butler, Ebenezer, 189, 596, 608, 939 Ebenezer, jr., 193, 266, 267 Frank H., Dr., 375 Jesse, 204, 596 John and Walter N. , 134 John G., Col., 243, 260, 1106, 1107 Walter N., 144 Butterfield, Flora, Miss, 1093 Byington, Benajah, 584, 586, 940 Cadwell, Stephen W., 419, 453, 494 Cahill, William, 333 Calthrop, Samuel R., Rev., 529, 1094 Camillus, town of, Amboy in, 670 assessment roll of, in 1825, 673-677 Austin Hollow in, 668 Belle Isle in, 679 effect of Seneca turnpike upon, 662 Enterprise, 682 First Baptist church in, 680 First Congregational Society of, 666 First Methodist Society in, 666 First Presbyterian Congregational Society of, 662 in 1820-35, 672 list of electors in, in 1807, 663-665 manufacturing interests in, 668-671 Methodist Episcopal church in, 677 military lots in, 659 mineralogy of, 660 officers of," first, 678 Oswego Bitter in,' 678 pioneers of, 660-663 plaster, discovery of, in, 660 population of, 682 railroad through, and its effects, 680 Republican meeting in, first in the country, 682 Revolutionary soldiers in, 162 roads and surveyors of, in, 671 Roman Catholic church in, 681 Camillus, Second Presbyterian church in, 667 scarcity of provisions in, in 1802, 662 schools of, 671 settlers and residents of, list of, 679 statistics of, in 1835, 672 supervisors of, 678 territory constituting the town of, 659 town records of, 678 village, early lawyers in, 667 in 1808, 665 in 1810, 666 incorporation of, 681 merchants in, 680 Wellington in, 678 Cammerhoff, Bishop, 107 Campaign of 1755, 113; 1756, 114; 1757 and 1758, 120; 1759,- 122; 1776,-136; 1777, 136; 1779, 139; 1813, '208; 1814, 209 Campbell, Almira, 1093 Daniel, 774 George T, Dr., 391, 987 Thomas P., 761 Canal agitation, 219 schemes, 224 Candee, Daniel, statement of, regarding W. B. Kirk, 432 Henry S., 579 Roswell, 625 Canfield, S. B., Rev., 515 Cantine, John, 175, 176, 178, 844 Capital, project for removing the State, '288 Cardiff giant hoax, the, 257 Carey, Bradley, 440, 515 Carpenter, Benjamin, 940 Charles, 1042 Laura, Mrs., 1093 Moses, 193, 200, 215, 266, 334, 400, 403 Carr, James, Col., 603 Carroll, Francis E., 472, 473 Carson League, the, 297 Thomas L., 297, 574 Gary, Anson, 215 Case, Henry, 269, 274 Catliff, William H., 1094 Catlin, George, 596 Cator, H. H., Dr., 394 Cavenor, Nathaniel A., Dr., 392 Cemetery Association, 1080 Centennial Celebration, the Grand, 260, 1097-1110 at Baldwinsville, 1109 at Manlius, 1110 jEolian Quartette at the, 1101, 1106 INDEXES. 499 Centennial Celebration, burning of the Wieting block tableau at the, 1106 Fayetteville school of the, 1104 Grover Cleveland's composition at the, 1105 Hiawatha tableau of the, 1100 Historical Society's committees for the, 1097 historical tableaux of the, 1100- 1107 in the town of Onondaga, 1108 Jerry Rescue tableau at, 1105 Jesuit mission tableau of the, 1101 La Fayette tableau of the, 1103 Loan Exhibition of the, 1107 marshal and aides of the, 1098 Musical Institute, the original, at the, 1106 old-fashioned singing schools of the, 1102, 1104 quilting party of the, 1102 "Salt boiling in early times" tableau of the, 1101 the parade of the, 1096 vocal music at the, 1101, 1102, 1104, 1106, 1109, 1110 war scenes, tableau of, at the, 1106 Century, first decade of the, 197 reflections on the coming, 1111, 1112 Chafee family, the, in Onondaga, 861 Chamberlain, Henry, Deac, 419, 429 Chamberlin, Webster R., Col., 1082 Champlain, Samuel de, 41-46 Chandler, Izora C. S., Mrs., 1091 Jacob, 206 L. C, Mrs., 1092 Chapin, Israel, 188, 199 Jennie, Miss, 1093 Chapman, Abner, 861 L. L., 453 N. R., 799 Charlevoix, 38, 55, 73, 74 Chase, Austin C. , 542 E. H. Prof., 1034 Frank H., 145. 324 Jonathan C, 581 Russell, 313 Chatfield, William, 276 Chaumonot, Joseph, 57-63, 67, 69, 71 Chauncey, Commodore, 210, 212-214 Cheney, Timothy C, 33, 315, 341, 342, 402 Chester, Anson G., 566, 1094 Childs, O. C, 238 Chittenden, Harlow W., 257, 581 Cholera in 1832, 227 "Choueguen," 87 Christian, Michael, 890, 964 Chubbuck, Emily, Miss, 546 Church, Henry, 282 Cicero, town of, adventure of Oliver Stevens in, 810 agriculture in, 823 before settlement, 807 Brewerton in, incorporation and offi cers of, 822 Brewerton in, pioneers of, 818, 819 business, and business men at Brew erton in, 818 Center, 823 churches of, 819, 820 Corners, first settlement at, 811 drainage of swamps in, 820 eel fisheries in, 818 Emmons family, the, in, 811 first church in, 815 Fort Brewerton in, 808 first town meeting and officers of, 813 in the war of 1812, 813 industries of, 822 influence of the canals upon, 816 known as "Cody's Corners," 815, 816 military lots in, 806 military occupation of, before settle ment, 808 occupation of settlers of, 812 Oneida Lake navigation in, 812 pioneers of, 809-822 population of, 824 Revolutionary soldiers in, 164 roads, early, in, 813 schools in, early, 819 settlers and prominent men of, Red- field's list of, 814 South Bay in, 823 statistics of, in 1827 and 1836, 816; in 1840 and 1860, 821 steamboats on Oneida River in, 818 sufferings of early settlers of, 810-812 supervisors of , 824 territory constituting the town of, 807 topography of, 809 village, early business of, 816 Civil list, 307 et seq Clapp, Paul, and family, 614 Clark, Ambrose, 798 Caroline Bridgman, Mrs., 1109 Charles P., 321, 472, 477, 581, 582 Chauncey B., 496 Christopher, 205 Deodatus, Dr., 360, 606, 608, 614,779 Eli, 984 500 INDEXES. Clark, Elizur, 257, 946 Gaylord P., Dr., 381, 544 George, 600 GeorgeS., 764 Henry C, 581 Henry H., 882, 883 James M. , 764 John F., 296 John S., 561 Joshua V. H., 15, 26-33, 35, 55, 60, 75, 95, 143, 145, 180, 194, 221, 222, 780, 1094 Lewis Gaylord, 930, 1094 Merritt, 775 Mercer & Co., 762 Philetus, 301 Sarah J., "Grace Greenwood," 881 William, 279, 551, 552, 579, 580, 582, 868, 869, 874, 946 Willis Gaylord, 930, 1094 Clarke, Henry, 355 Hezekiah, Dr., sketch of, 382; 392, 614 James, 204 Joseph M., Rev., 527 L. Mason, Rev., 516 Clary, Lyman, Dr., 361, 362, 394-396, 426, 453, 458, 543, 560, 582 Clay, town of, agriculture in, 834 Baptist church in, 855 "Belgium" in, 829, 832 between 1825 and 1830, 829 Centerville, business and business men of, in, 833 churches of, 829, 830 difficulties encountered by early set tlers of, 826, 827 educational interests in, 834 Euclid in, 830 business men of, 832 in the war of 1812, 827 later settlers of, 831 Methodist Episcopal church in, 834 military lots in, 825 mill privileges in, scarcity of, 827 organization of the town of, 828 pioneers of, 826-831 population of, 835 railroads in, 835 settlers of, after 1814, 828 et seq. statistics of, in 1836, 831 supervisors of, 836 Syracuse and Central Square plank road in, 833 territory constituting the town of, 824 topography of, 825 Clement, Samuel and family, 614 Clerk's office, Onondaga county, 320 Cleveland, P. P., 288 Richard F., 791 Rose Elizabeth, Miss, 1091 Clinton, De Witt, 268, 269, 273, 276 Governor, 104, 186 Clintonians and Bucktails, 274 Cobb, Alfred, 318 IraH., 321, 543 Ira H., Mrs., 321 Nathan, 477 Stephen, Rev. , 651 William, 633 Cockburn, James, 186 Coddington, Herbert G., Rev., 532 Cody, Isaac, Mrs., 814 Joel, 291, 422 Coe, E. B., 987 J. S., Dr., 363 Coffin, Reuben, 751 Colbraith, William, Col., 189 Cold season, the, 218, 1090 Cole, Calvin, 313 Eliza, Miss, 1104 Garrett, 798 Collin, David, 790 Mary C, Mrs., 1093 Collins, George K., Maj., 248, 1081 John, Dr., 393, 915 Colton, Charles E., 487 Walter, Dr., 360, 392, 608 Colvin, David, Dr., 417 David S., 453 Comfort, Anna Manning, Mrs., 1092 George F., Prof., 1095 Comstock, Daniel, 441 George F., 257, 327, 343; sketch of, 352; 458, 469, 544, 546, 573, 582 Geo. F., Mrs., 321 Cone, Marcus, 579 Congdon, Caroline M., Miss, 930, 1092 Congressional districts, 266, 268, 288 Congressmen, 307 Conklin, Elias, 613 Isaac and Elias, 963 Connelly, Thomas, 576 Conover, S. D., 987 Constitutional conventions, delegates to. 310 Conventions at Syracuse, 303 et seq. Cook, Abel G., Major, 248 George R., 332 George W., Dr., 364, 374, 375, 377 Joseph M., 579 Sidney H. , jr., and family, 679 Trueworthy, 189 W. A, 494 & Co., Volney, 421 INDEXES. 501 Coon, Daniel G., 643 Cooney, Patrick, 464 Cooper, Edward, 566 Corne, Chevalier de la, 124 Cornell, Charles P. , 764 James A. H., Rev., 528 Coryell, Vincent, Rev., 523 Cossit, Rufus, 289, 295, 318, 850 Martin, Major, 318, 637 Cossitt, Sterling, 403, 423 Counties, original ten, 1 County buildings, strife over the location of, in 1829, 433 clerks, 310 clerk's office, 258 the, described by James Macauley, 225 reduction of the, to present area, 217 treasurers, 309 Court buildings, 336 Chancery, 328 County, 330 house, present, 341 struggle over location of, 337 et seq. of Appeals, 326 of Appeals Library, the, 342 Supreme, 327 Surrogate's, 331 United States District, 333 Courts, early, 333 evolution of the, 325 et seq. of Special Sessions, 333 Coventry, Alexander, 193, 266 Covill, J. C, Dr., 394 Cowan, Lucius D., 579 Cowie, William, 488, 489, 1097 Cowl, H. C, Mrs., 1107 Cowles, A. H., Dr., sketch of, 390 B. J., 318 Cox, W. W., 565 Crandall, Hosea, 828 William L., 291, 563 Crane, Albert, 231 Cravatte, James, 890 Samuel and Robert, 891 Creed, John B., 406 Crofoot, Le Grand and William, 429 Croghan, George, 130 Cross, Reuben, 216 Crouse, Charles M. , 581 George N., Mrs., 1103 Henry, Dr., 544 Jacob, 477 John, 559 John J., 476 Crysler, Cornell, 314 Cuddeback, Abraham A., 978, 979 Cuddeback, Joshua C, 291, 464 Cummings, Edward, 891 John J., 569 Cunningham, John, 719 Curtis, Elijah W., 296 Ethel, Mrs., 1093 Fisher, 313, 584, 948 Helen M., Mrs., 1093 Medad, 200, 205, 267, 269, 336, 845, 847, 849, 858 Milton, Dr., 796 Orris, 204, 205, 940 T. D., 565 Cusick, Albert, Rev., 182, 1056, 1058 David, 34, 37, 1050, 1096 Dablon, Claude, 57-64, 66, 69 Daboll, Henry, Mrs., 1093 Dallman, Walter M., 248 Dana, Daniel, 453, 456 D. & M., 422 George E. , 565 Danforth, Asa, Major, 184, 185, 193, 194, 201, 204, 266, 335, 584, 588, 839, 840; and family, 841 ; 844-846, 939 Asa, jr., 184, 185, 204, 265, 267, 269, 840, 934, 937 John, 194, 934, 937, 938, 940 village, organization of, 474 Daniels, John, 428 Dattan, H. G., Rev., 532 Davis, Alexander H., 244, 487, 508 Caleb, 419 George T. M., 432 Henry, 444 Henry, jr., 283 Joshua B., Major, 245 Matthew, 527 Matthew W., 422 Richard R., 902 Thomas, 464 Thomas T., 238, 245; sketch of, 350; 453, 582 Dawson, Edward S., 581 Mary A. A., Miss, 1092 Day, James S., Rev., 559 Jonathan, Dr., 361, 362,405,417,430. 432, 441, 442, 513 Richard Edwin, 1096 Dean, Eben, 1002 James, 176 De la Barre, Governor, 84, 85, 86, 87 De la Chauveniere, 97, 100, 109 De Lancey, James, 131 De Longueuil, 97, 98, 99 Delphi, 601 Deming, Hiram A. , 422, 451 L. P., 378 502 INDEXES. Democrats, the, 276 Democratic convention of 1859, riotous, 301 Demong, John, 481 Denison, Daniel, Dr., 282, 296, 601 Dennison, David, 229 De Nonville, Governor, 88, 89 Du Puy, Benjamin, 269 Jacobus, 205, 746, 857 Desvatines, the, 186, 187 Dewey, William L., 778 Dewitt Center, 1036 town of, churches of, 1028, 1029 East Syracuse village in, 1033-1036 Eastwood village in, 1036 effect of the Erie Canal upon, 1028 first church in, 1019 first mills, etc., in, 1019 first school in, 1027 first town meeting and officers of, 1026 Hull's Landing in, 1020 Jamesville in, business and business men of, 1031, 1032 churches of, 1028 disastrous fire in, 1032 growth of, 1027 merchants of, 1031 settlement of, 1019 Kinne family, the, in, 1022-1025 lists of early settlers and residents of, 1026, 1027 lists of pioneers and residents of be tween 1795 and 1825, 1025 Messina Springs in, 1017, 1036 Methodist Episcopal Youngs society of Orville in, 1021 military lots in, 1015 natural characteristics of, 1016, 1017 Orville in, 1020 pioneers of, 1018-1027 population of, 1037 prominent settlers and residents of, 1030 railroads in, and their influence, 1032 schools of, 1036 settlement of north part of, 1028 statistics of, in 1845, 1030 supervisors of, 1037 territory constituting the town of, 1016 "Youngsville" in, 1020 De Witt, Jacob B., 270 Moses, 188, 191, 193, 194, 204, 265, 332, 334-336, 940; grave of, 964, 1018 Simeon, 10, 175, 176 De Zeng, Baron, 186 Dickinson, Ellen E., Mrs., 1092 E. D., Mrs., 321, 322 Jonathan, 271 Pliny, 423, 427 Didama, H. D., Dr., 318, 324, 363, 364, -373, 374, 379, 381, 470, 544, 545 Dieskau, Baron, 113 Dillaye, Frances, Miss, 1093 Stephen D. , 462 Dimmock, S. R., Rev., 520 Disaster, Central Baptist church, in Syra cuse, 474 District attorneys, 332 Dodge, David F. , 285 Harrison B., 997 Hezekiah, and family, 614 William J., 332 Dorchester, Robert E., 261, 319 Dorwin, L. C, 1108 Doubleday, Squire, 882 Dowling, George Thomas, Rev., 511 Doyle, Gregory, Dr., 375 Draft of 1863, 249 Drake, Asa, and family, 963 Edward, Major, 1107 Otis, 747 Draper, Allan D., Rev., 517 Duell, James, 956 Duguid, H. L., 321. 496, 507 H. L., Mrs., 541 Duncan, Mary E. (Mrs. J. C. Whitford), 1092 W. A., 521, 541 Dunham, Daniel, Deac. , and family 615 Dunlap, H. A., Mrs., 321 Harriet T. , 542 Joseph P., Dr., 364, 373, 545 William H., Dr., sketch of, 390 Dunlop, Andrew, 193, 266 Robert, 238, 315, 1030 Dunn, John, jr., 487, 489, 521, 569, 581, 1030 JohnG., 570 Dunscombe, I., 442 DuPuys, M., 67 Durnford, H. W , 416, 425 John, 321, 408, 411, 430, 527 Mary E., Mrs., 321 Durston, Adele H., Mrs., 1103 Alice Edwards, Miss (Dame Durdin), 1092 A. S., 541 John, 439 J. F., 565 D wight, Augustus W., Col., 245, 246 Dyer, Marshall R., 261 Palmer, Rev., 559 INDEXES. 503 Earle, George W., Dr., 902, 903 William L., 901 Earll, Abijah, 273, 843 Andrew J., 100.4 Daniel, 1002 David, 637 George H., 1004 Hezekiah, 228 Irene, Rev., 262 Jonas, 262, 274-276 Jonas, jr., 277, 575 Leonard H., 1002 Nehemiah, 205, 206, 588, 845 Nehemiah H., 146, 231, 279, 280, 331 ¦ sketch of, 348 Robert, Col., 205, 269, 335; and fam ily, 980 ; 983 East Syracuse, First Presbyterian Soci ety of, 1033 foundation of, 1033 incorporation and first officers of, 1035 list of prominent promoters of, 1035 Methodist church in, 1034 News, 1035 Onondaga Gazette of, 1035 Roman Catholic church in, 1034 schools of, 1034, 1037 statistics -of , 1035 Y. M. C. A. in, 1034 Eastwood, Asa, 814 John, 282, 319 Eaton, Hiram, 257 Origen, 770 Eckford, Henry, 411 Eckel, Philip. 496, 497 Eddy, F. C, 581 Edwards, Alanson, 281, 431 Edward, 268 George W. , 565 Harvey, 791 Hiram K. 319, 1110 Samuel, 780 Samuel L., 231, 280, 331; sketch of, 346 Thaddeus, 200, 986, 989 Elbridge, town of, ancient fortifications in, 685 assessment roll of, in 1825, 692-698 Baptist church in, 690 Baptist church in Jordan in, 699 description of territory of , by William Stevens, 683 effect of railroad on, 703, 705 Episcopal church in Jordan in, 704 First Congregational Society of Ca millus in, 689 First Presbyterian Society of Jordan in, 692 Elbridge, first town meeting in, 698 geology of, 6K5 Hart Lot in, 703 Jack's Rifts in, 702 Jordan Academy in, 704 village in, 692; in 1836, 699 list of presidents of, 699 manufactures of, 706, 707 merchants of Jordan, 703 Methodist church in, 698 military lots in, 686 Munro Collegiate Institute in, 700 newspapers of, 703 old-time merchants in, 702 Peru in, 702 pioneers of, 686-692 population of, 708 postmasters of, 691 prominent settlers of, previous to 1850, 702 routes of immigrants to, 688 St. Patrick's Roman Catholic church in Jordan, 705 school in, first, 689 secret societies in, 705 Seneca River improvements in, 705 settlement of, beginning of, 683 statistics of, in 1836, 701 supervisors of, 707 territory constituting the town of, 686 Elbridge village in 1836, 701 incorporation and officers of, 705 Elections of 1800 to 1804, 267; 1805 to 1807, 268; 1808 to 1811, 269; 1812 and 1813, 270; 1814 and 1815, 271; 1816 and 1817. 272; 1818. 273; 1819 to 1821, 275; 1823 to 1826, 276; 1827 and 1828, 277; 1829, 278; 1830, 279; 1831 and 1832, 280; 1833 and 1834, 281 ; 1836, 282; 1837, 283; 1838, 284; 1839 and 1840, 285; 1841, 286; 1842, 287; 1843 and 1844, 289; 1845, 290; 1846, 291; 1847 and 1848, 292; 1849, 294; 1850, 296; 1851 and 1852, 297; 1853 and 1854, 298; 1855 and 1856, 299; 1857 to 1859, 300; 1860, 301 Ellery, William G., 999 Elliott, Daniel, 230, 428, 431, 447 Ellis, James M., 319 John, 205, 845 Samuel G., Dr., sketch of, 385 Eisner, H. D.', Dr., 377, 379. 544 Ely, Joseph, Dr. ,-393, 602 " Emigrant" wagons, 1090 Emmons, Asa W., 818 Jonathan, and family, 811 English occupation after the Revolution , 194 Andrew, 193, 266, 334 Enlistments, absence of records of, 1085 504 INDEXES. Era of prosperity, 1830-40, 226 Erie Canal, the, 220 the, in politics, 276 Joshua Forman and the, 405 the Salina route for the, 406 war, the, 64 Ethnology, 24 Evans, Anson, Capt. , 1082 Everson, John, 799 Expedition of Van Schaick and Willett against the Onondagas, 139 Exploration by Cockburn and Vander- kemp, 186 Fabius Center, 873 Fabius, town of, Apulia in, 874 as the pioneers found it, 867 dairy industry in, the, 883 Evergreen Cemetery Association, 887 First Baptist church of, 872 First Congregational Society of, 873 first town meeting and officers of, 870 Gallinger Brothers, dairymen in, 884 ginseng, cultivation of, in, 884 improvements in during first decade of the century, 871 Knapp Brothers, poultrymen in, 884 Methodists, the, in, 874 military lots in, 867 Pettit family in, 877 pioneers of, 868-876 pioneers of, hardships of the, 870 population of, 888 poultry business, the, in, 884 records of, loss of, 870 religious societies in, early, 872, 873 Revolutionary soldiers in, 167, 875 schools, early, in, 871 , settlers, list of, 876 Skaneateles and Hamilton turnpike in, 873 statistics of in 1836, 1845 and 1860, 882 Summit Station in, 886 supervisors of, 889 S. & B. railroad in, 886 territory constituting the town of, 866 topography of, 867 Union Free School, 888 Fabius village, 874 business arid business men of, 885, 886 churches of, 888 incorporation and first officers of, 887 Fahnestock, Alfred H., Rev., 513 Fairchild, M. B., Dr., 375 Falker, August, 487, 489 Fargo, William C, 603; and family, 622 William G., 629 Farmer, Marcellus, 563 Farr, Archibald, Dr., 907, 909 Eli, 891 Farrell, James J. , 569 Fay, Thomas Crittenden, 858 Fayetteville, Baptist church of, 801 business and business men of, 791- 794 Church of the Immaculate Concep tion in, 804 founders of, 790, 791 Hydraulic Company, 796 incorporation and officers of, 794 Presbyterian church in, 803 Recorder, 794 schools of, 795 Trinity Episcopal church in, 804 water supply of, 795 Federals and Republicans, 265 et seq. Fenner, Frederick W., 751 James L., and family, 615 Turner, 844 Filkins, Barnet, 425, 527 Financial crash of 1836-37, 231 Fish, Richmond, 542 Fiske, D. W., 566, 1096 Fitch, Charles E., 262, 564, 565 Charles E., Mrs., 263,1100 Elias, 334 Elisha, 193, 266 Gilbert, 419 Lemuel, 200 Thomas B., 238, 438, 494, 515, 518, 552, 582 Fitzgerald, Edward, 1035 John, 581 Fleming, John, jr., 332 * Fobes, Philander W., 582 P. W., Mrs., 518 Foran, James, Dr., 316, 373, 374; sketch of, 385 ; 546, 581 Forbes, John G., 227, 230, 276, 277, 284, 430, 453, 947-949 Ford, S. T., Rev., 511 Forger, JohnS., 957 Forman, C. W., 318 Gideon, 331 John, 849 Joseph, 843 ; and sons, 848 ; 857 Joshua, 146, 205, 219, 220, 221, 225, £68, 270, 331, 405-408, 410, 415, 423, 439, 493, 513, 514, 848, 857 Owen, 407, 849 Samuel, 204, 340, 849 Ward, 849 INDEXES. 505 Foster, James, 770 J. P., Rev., 1056 Fort at Oswego, 98 Niagara, capture of, 124 Stanwix, expedition against, 137 Fortifications, erection of, after the Rev olution, 194 Francis, Samuel, 282 Frazee, Eliphalet, 747 James, 781, 763 Free Soilers, the, 293 Freeman, Fannie, Mrs., 1092 Jefferson, 289, 579, 830 Freeoff, Christian, 483 Fremin, Jacques, 67, 79, 83 French and Indian war, the, 113 et seq. and the Onondagas, 51 colony, flight of the, 73 in Onondaga, 66 et seq. sickness in the, 72 invited by the Mohawks, 50 power, extinction of, 125 French, Benjamin, 288, 820 Clara, Miss, 1092 David, 543 Luther, Dr., 927 Frisselle, Horace, 296 Frisbie, John H., Dr., 360 Myles T., 1109 Frontenac, Count, 82, 92, 93 Frontenac's invasion, 91 Fuller, Amasa, 751 Celeste Bostwick, Mrs., 1092 Francesca Cleveland, Mrs. , 1092 Henry S , 333 Joel, 341 Truman K. , 475 William, 287, 291, 293 William K., 281 Fulton, Robert, 687 Furman, Robert, 504, 515 Future, the, of the county, 1111, 1112 Gage, Helen Leslie, Mrs., 1093 Matilda Joslyn, 816, 1091 Gale, Thomas, 587 Gannon, William P. , 570 Gansevoort, Peter, Col., 137, 138 Gardner, Addison, 780 George J., 576 Phoebe Teall, Mrs., 1093 Rowland H., 296, 333,464 Sylvester, 275 William, 780 William C, 295, 899 Gamier, Julien, 79, 96 Garrison, John, 431 Gaston, Thomas, 934 Gaylord, Willis, 318, 929, 1094 Gear, Ezekiel G., 1055 Gebhardt, Louis Rev., 512 Geddes, town of,- cemetery in, 1045 early business and business men of, 1042-1045 effect of the Erie Canal upon, 1042 farms, noted, at, 1044 Geddes family of, 1038, 1039 maps of, early, 1040 organization and topography of, 1037 pioneers of, 1038-1045 population of, 1048 prominent farmers of, 1044 roads in, early, 1039 Root family in, 1041 salt manufacture in, beginnings of, 1040 Solvay Process Co. at, 1047 Solvay village in, 1047 summer resorts in, 1048 supervisors of, 1048 Geddes village, annexation of, to Syra cuse, 1047 growth of, after the war, 1047 incorporation and trustees of, 1046 Geddes, George, 292, 295, 318, 579, 589, 705, 1038 James, 75, 194, 215, 220, 237, 267, 269-272, 275, 278, 280, 283, 334-336, 399, 400, 408, 583, 661, 845, 1038- 1040 James, (2d), 1039 Geer, Rev. Father, 851 Genesee and Water Street Railway Com pany, 469 Geneva Medical College, removal of to Syracuse, 363 Geology, 17 et seq. George, Amelia Chapman. Mrs., 1093 Samuel, Capt, 1066 Thomas and. .Elisha, 419 Gere, Daniel S. , 464 N. Stanton, 581, 589 Robert, 589 ; and family, 1043 R. N., 579 William F., 341 W. H. H., 316, 319, 581 German immigrants to Syracuse, list of, 448 Gibbud, H. B., Mr. and Mrs., 540 Gifford, Frances P. , Miss, 1100 Henry, 423, 428, 436, 494, 495, 515, 582 Martha C. , Miss, 1092 William H., 319, 333 Gilbert, Daniel, sketch of, 356; 616 506 INDEXES. Gilbert, Nelson, 418, 457 Nelson J., Rev., 362, 441, 442, 510 Thomas J., 229, 231, 452, 783 William, 252 Gilchrist, William, 584, 937 Giles, Charles, Rev., 522 Gillette, Elizabeth E., Mrs., 1093 Gillis, Duncan, and family, 957 Gilmour, Thomas, 289 Glass, Edgar P., 332 Edward P., 475,582 Joseph J., 291, 296, 319, 321 Gleason, Lucius, 580, 955, 957 Glen Haven, 1015 Gold, Joseph W., 616 Goodelle, Aaron B., 899 William P., 333 Goodwin, William, 193, 266 Gordon, James S. , 569 Gott, Daniel, 206, 291, 294; sketch of, 354 Daniel F. , 333 Gould, Jeremiah, 189, 204, 205, 608, 625 ; and sons, 934; 965 Phares, 284, 285, 551, 935, 987 " Grace Greenwood," Mrs. Sarah Clark Lippincott, 1091 Graham, Andrew G., Mrs., 683 James L., 244 Grand Armv of the Republic posts in the county, 1084 Granger, Amos P., 206, 227, 237, 240, 275, 280, 287, 288, 298, 300, 339, 341, 422, 456, 458, 527, 797 Hezekiah L., Dr., 271, 318; sketch of, 381 ; 778 Graves, Judson H., Dr., 363; sketch of, 390; 800 Nathan F., 474,580, 582 "Great Genesee Road," the, 188 Greeley, George H., Dr., 363 Gregory, Henry, Rev., 527, 560, 759 Green, A. H., 484 Caleb, 966 David, 616 James, 204 John A., 300, 465 William H., 567 Greene, John F., 764 Greenfield, De Witt C, 332, 342,763 Greenhalgh, Wentworth, 87 Greenough, J. J., 477 Greenway, John, 257 Grinnell, John, 779 Griswold, Edward B., 244 Groesbeck, L. H., 580 Grunibach, Nicholas, 471 Gumaer, Elias, 274 Gunpowder explosion in Syracuse, 455 et seq. Guttman, A., Rev. Dr., 538 Hackett, Miles B., 316, 882 Haes, Michael, Rev., 534 Hagadorn, F. L., 566 Hale, Horatio, 34, 35, 40, 109 Irene Baumgras, Mrs., 1092 Hall, Charles S., 987 David, 1002 George, 269, 273, 275, 276, 318, 332, 843. 844, 849, 857 Isaac, Gen., 205, 907, 965 Johnson, 206, 280, 581, 967 L. W.,245, 333, 551, 581 Marcelia Ward, Mrs., 1092 Nathan K, 654, 1005 Samuel, Rev., 515 WillT., 997 Halliday, Anna Bagg, Mrs., 1092 Halsey, Silas, 193, 265, 336 Halstead, Daniel J., 567 Halsted, Abraham, 690 Thomas H., Dr., 379 Hamel, Arthur, 570 Hamill, John, 276, 746 Hanchett, John W., Dr., sketch of, 384; 421, 436, 519 Hancock, Hugh 419 Theodore E., 333, 569 Hand, M. F., 1096 Hardenburgh, John L., 188, 193, 266, 336 Harmon, E. R., 316 Harris, John, 193, 265 Hart, Josiah, 703 Thomas, 939 Harter, Henry, 779 Haskin, James P., 257, 469 Haskins, William, 962 Hatch, Horace F., Dr., sketch of, 389 Haven, E. O., 559 Hawkins. Edward T., 426 Hawley, Ebenezer Rice, 267 George, 764 Gideon, 411 Jabez, 425, 527 J. Dean, 245 Lewis T., 464 W. A., Dr., 394,395 Hayden, Allen W., and family, 616 E. T, 551 Haynes, David, and family, 714 Head, A. D., Dr., 363 Healey, Samuel, Dr., 387 Hebard, Clark, 432 Hecox, Warren, 205, 271, 986, 9S8 INDEXES. 507 Heermans, Forbes, 565, 1096 Thomas B., 415, 431, 493 Heffron, John L., Dr., 377, 379, 544 Lorenzo, Dr., 878 Henderson, Aaron, 319 Phineas, 965 Hendricks, Francis, 381, 480, 481, 496, 581 Henry-Davis, S. M., Mrs., 1091 Herbst, C. Fred, 319 Herman, Leopold, Rev., 539 Herring, James E., 579 John, 645 Hess, Reuben L., 278, 283 Hiawatha, the story of, 35 Hiawatha's benediction, 1113 Hibbard, David, and sons, 617, 798 Hickok, Morehouse, 850 Hier, George P., 475 Higgins, Benjamin L., 471, 496 Cornelius, 940 Highways, building of, 200 Hill, C. E., Dr., 1107 Ebenezer, 965 Elijah, 601 Ensign, Col., and family, 618 Isaac, Deac. , and family, 690 Thomas W., 318 Hillis, David D., 282, 289, 332; sketch of, 347 Hills, George Morgan, Rev., 1055 Orsemus, 883 Hine, Norman, 1083 Hinman, James, and wife, 618 O. C, 1035 Hinsdale, W. A., Dr., 25 Hinsdell, David, and family, 617 ; 661 Perry H., 318 Hiscock, Frank, 257, 333, 470, 580, 581 Levi, 205, 843 L. Harris, 297, 315, 332 Historical review, general, 1070-1113 Hitchcock, Simon C, 579 Hoar, Jacob, 597 Hofmann, Joseph, 572 J. A., 572 Louis C. , 572 Hogan, Michael, 406 Holbrook, David, Dr., 193, 266, 360, 937, 1019 Josiah, and family, 618 Josiah G., 1031 Holden, E. F., 381, 487, 489, 558 Hendrick S., 489, 569, 583 Hollister, David W., 942 Homoeopathy in Onondaga county, 393 et seq. Hood, Eureka Lawrence, Mrs. , 1092 Hooker, George, Dr., 423 H. C, 518 Hopkins, Edwin P. , 299 Hezekiah, Col., 617 Luther, 291 Samuel, 663 Samuel Miles, 222 Hopper, Jasper, 181, 215, 269, 274, 320, 844, 849, 850, 857 Horsford, E. N., Prof., 108 Hotaling, G. H. & A. T., 761 William H., 882 House, Sylvester, 460 Hovey, Alfred H., 294, 468 A. Howard, 453 Howlett, Alfred A., 257, 477, 580 Parley, 280, 845, 855 Howell, Phineas, 608 Hoyt, David H., 817 E. B., 1011 George L., Col., 1107 Harrison, 333 Hiram, Dr., 361; sketch of, 383 Jason C. , 461 William H., Dr., 394, 395 Hubbard, Charles, 518 Cornelius C. , 749 Daniel, Dr., 360 William, Rev., 528 W. B., 576 Hubbell, Charles E., 565 Ferris, 1044 Hudson, Albert A., 494, 515 Daniel, 216 Hughs, Freeman, 1040 Humphrey, Cornelius, 268 Reuben, 268, 273, 331 Humphryes, John, 987 Hunkers, the, 288 Huntington, Arria S., Miss, 1091 Daniel, Dr., 850 F. D., Rt. Rev., 544, 557, 1094 J. B., 515 J. O. S., Rev., 528, 542 Hurd, Darwin E., Dr., sketch of, 386 George F., 296 Jessie, Miss, 1091 Hurons, overthrow of the, 49 Hurst, Samuel, 457 Husenfrats, Jacob, 424 Hutchins, Mason C, 569 Hyde, Hiram, 429 Salem, 581 Indian camps, 27 cemeteries, 27 dissatisfaction and Johnson's influ ence, 126 508 INDEXES. Indian forts, 28 names, lack of preservation of, 1110 towns, sites of, 26 troubles ended, 193 vocabularies, 108 the, in the war of 1812, 203 Iroquois clans, 27 names, 34 traditions, 35 confederacy, 37 families, 38 villages, 39 language, 39 names of the months, 39 feasts, 40 fort, the, 45 and Hurons, wars of the, 48 et seq. and the English, 82 et seq. invasion of Canada, 89 in the Revolution, i34 Ives, Florence C, Mrs., 1091 Jackson, Anson, 195 Calvin, 400 Charles, 231 Clark, 277 Eliphalet S., 282 James, Dr., 360, 779 Jeremiah, 195, 205, 774, 1019 William, 575 Jacobson, Nathan, Dr., 376, 377, 544 James, John D., 338 William, 275, 333, 411 Jaqueth, Joseph and Sampson, 954 Jaycox, John M., 300 Jenkins, Arthur, 567, 568 Herman, 231 Jenney, Edwin S., Col., 243, 252, 263, 507 Jennings, A. T., 571 Jerome, Amasa H , 299, 332, 356 Ira, 625 Leonard, 629 Levi, 606 Lucy, 599 Timothy, 608, 868 Samuel, 204, 279, 934 Jerry rescue, the, 460 Jesuits, the, 46 Jesuits' account of the country, 70 Jewett, Freeborn G., 206, 231, 276-279, 288, 327, 332; sketch of , 355 ; 1002,1005 Jogues, Isaac, 47 John, Aunt Dinah, 182, 1067 Captain, 180 Johnson, Andrew, 829 A. L., 477 David, 439 F. H., 567 Johnson, Guy, Col., 133-135, 195, 196 Hector B., 823 Herrick, Rev., 517 James, 761 John, Sir, 134-138, 143, 144 John H., 278 J. E., Rev., 528 Moses, 775 Orsamus, 237, 818 Richard C, 206 William, Sir, 105, 109, 112, 116, 117, 119, 126, 127, 129-133 Johnson's fort, 29 Joncaire, Father, 96, 97 Jones, Daniel T,, Dr., 296 Eliza Lawrence, Mrs., 323, 1093 Harriet, Mrs., 1093 Lawrence T., 333, 542 Richard W., 471 Virginia L., Miss, 262, 1102 William A., 569 Jordan, H. A., 521 Joslyn, Hezekiah, Dr., 289, 297, 815, 820 Journey of Dablon and Chaumonot, 57 et seq. Joy, Edward, 570 Judd, Ansel, 603 Jonathan S., Dr., 927 S. Corning, 573 Judd-Law, Emily, Mrs., 1093 Judges, county, 331 of the Court of the Appeals, 327 of the Supreme Court, 330 Judson, Edward B., 257, 319, 487, 508, 579, 580, 582 Emily Chubbuck (Fanny Forrester), 1092 William A., Mrs., 321 Justices of the peace, appointed under act of 1818, 274 Kasson, Archy, 225, 227, 425, 527 & Heermans, 429 Kearney, William, 507 Keeler, Daniel, 193, 266, 584, 939 Thomas J., 432, 466 Keeney, Simon, 868, 869 Kellogg, Ashbel, 231 , 949 Daniel, 283, 355, 407, 439, 987, 1005 Dorastus, 287 Jesse 984 Leonard, 201, 206, 777 William, 941 Kendall, James V., Dr., 248, 316, 363, ,767, 829 J. G., 318 Kendrick, Elijah, Dr., 361 Kennedy, Dennis, Dr., 749 INDEXES. 509 Kennedy, George N., 330, 342, 579 John J., Rev., 536 Kenyon, G. P. , 468 John S., 261, 263 S. N., 579 Kibbe, George, 844, 850 Kidder, John, 608 King, Russell, 319 Henry F., 318, 899, 901 Kingsbury, David, Dr., 391 Kingsley, Hiram, 319 Kinne, Cyrus, 193, 266, 770 family, the, of Dewitt, 1022-1025 Kinney, H. N., Rev., 521 Joel, 425 Milton A., 996, 997 Kirk, William B., 431, 458 W. B., jr., 481, 487-489. 507 Kirkland, Samuel, Rev., 128, 174, 1055 Kirkpatrick, William, Dr., 278, 280, 442 William, 261, 262, 324, 477, 507, 588, 1098, 1102 Kirtland, Horatio, 496 Knapp, Daniel, 618 E. E., Dr., 363 E. H., 884 EzraM., 339, 946 Jacob, Major, 1107 James, 205, 608 Justus N., 319 Martin A., 479, 483, 569, 581 William L., 799 Knauber, J. C, 569 Kneeland, Jonathan, Dr., 861 S. S., 314 Knickerbocker, A. M., 570 Knowlton, Joshua, 770 Kuntz, Frank J . , 572 Kyne, John L., 1035 Lacy, Henry, 580 La Fayette, town of, the Baker family in, 967, 968 Cardiff in, 972, 973 " Cardiff giant," unearthing of, in, 973 changes in the territory of, 969, 970 churches of, 968, 969, 971, 976 Collingwood in, 975 early home of the central govern ment of the Iroquois, 962 early roads in, 965 first town meeting and officers of, 970 in the war of 1812, 969 Indian orchard in, 961 military lots in, 961 Moses De Witt, grave of, in, 964 natural characteristics of, 964 La Fayette, Onativia railroad station in 975 pioneers of, 962-974 population of, 976 projected resorvoir in, 976 rattlesnake hunting in, 966 schools of, 972 statistics of, in 1836, 972 supervisors of 971 territory constituting the town of 961 La Fayette village, business and busi ness men of, 974, 975 founding of, 966 La Forte, Abram, 1055 Thomas, Rev., 1056 La Fortes, the, 182 Lakes, 13 Lakin, William, 714 Lamb, Anthony, 583 John, 204, 267, 608 Lamberville, Father, 96 Lanckton, Grace, Mrs., 1093 Land, Charles, 681 Land sales by the Onondagas, 175 et seq. titles, litigation over, 1090 Lansing, Dirck C, Rev., 512, 519, 852 857 Lapham, S. Gurney, 567 Larned, Samuel, 425, 453, 581 La Salle, Sieur de, 82, 83 Lathrop, Benjamin C. , 441, 494 D. N., Capt, 253 Ichabod, 204 John H., 519 Welthv Ann, 545 William, 609 William K., 494 Laughlin, William, Dr., 391 Law, comparison of State with the Com mon, 324 Lawrence, Bigelow, Col. , and family, 636 Dorastus, Col., 281, 989 Edward A., Rev., 521 Gardner, 421, 494 Grove, 228, 245, 318, 331, 453 James R., 238, 282, 284, 292, 296, 331, 333, 341 ; sketch of, 345 ; 458, 460, 464, 495 John, Mrs., 1092 Levi, 205 Lawton, J. W., Dr., 544 Leach, James S., 322 John, 811 John, jr., 820 Thomas J., 477, 580 Leavenworth, E. W., 245, 257, 283, 285, 294, 300, 351, 420, 432, 437, 443, 447, 458, 459, 463, 466, 515, 560, 582 510 INDEXES. Leavenworth, E. W., Mrs., 321, 518 Ledyard, Benjamin, 193, 265, 320 Jonathan D., 281 Lee, Benjamin, Capt, 1004 Benoni, 354 Charles, Gen., 120 C. Gold, Rev., 515, 519 Oliver, 452 Oliver H., 229 William F., and family, 957 Legg, John, 991 William W., 914 Le Mercier, Francis, 67 Le Moyne, Simon, 52-56, 77, 78 Leonard, Charles, 430 George B., 580 George S., 580 Le Roy, D. C, 296 Leslie, E. Norman, 979, 987 Ross and Joseph, 430 Lessee Company, the, 185 Lester, Frank, 245 Leupp, Francis E., 568 Lewis, Benjamin, and family, 878 Ceylon H., 333, 878 Elihu, 267,608 Elisha, 336, 847 Jabez, 799 John, 244 Osymandus, 878 Sidney, 319 William W., 764 Liecty, Austin, 567 Lincoln, election of, 241 in Syracuse, 242 Lindsay, Isaac, Capt., 660, 661 Listman, Charles, 507 Litchfield, Elisha, 231, 274-276, 312, 602 Elisha C, 257, 629 Literature of the county, women in the history of the, 1091-1093 Litterateurs of the county, 1091-1097 Little, James, 829 J. C, Rev, 521 Livingston, Robert, 94 Lockwood, Ellen M. , Mrs. , 1092 Longstreet, Cornelius, 207 ; and family, 855; 857 Cornelius T., 290, 437, 469, 1045 C. Tyler, Mrs., 1102, 1107 James, 299 Loomis, Addison S., 319 Chester, 817 George S. , 292 Harvey, 579 Harvey, Mrs. , 321 Henry H., 817 Nathaniel, 934 Lord, Chester A., 565 Losey, Richard, 625 Lour, Conrad, 770 Luce, F. L. , Rev. , 522 Samuel D., 257, 332 Ludden, P. A., Rt. Rev., 535 Lyford, C. P., Rev., 525 Lyman, C. H., 565 Frederic A., 333 Lynch, Cornelius, 579 James, 287, 581, 582 J. S. M., Rev., 535 L. V. L., Mrs., 1101, 1107 Michael, 551 Patrick, 257 Lynds, Charles L. , 456 Elam, 230, 282, 429 Lysander, town of, Baptist church in, 757 "Betts's Corners" in, 749 centennial celebration of the county by Van Buren and, 767 Christian church in, at Plainville, 758 churches of, 756-759 Congregational Church and Society of, 757 first apple trees in, 745 First Protestant Dutch church of, 757 first roads in, 741 first town meeting in, 753 "Fuller's Corners" in, 751 in the Rebellion, 765 Little Utica and vicinity in, 751 Methodist church in, at Betts's Cor ners, 758 Methodist church in, at Little Utica, 758 military lots in, 738 milling industry in, 761 neglect in organization of the town of, 740 pioneers of, 739-752 Plainville and vicinity in, 750 population of, 767 population of, increase in, 759 prominent tobacco growers in, 760 railroad through, 760 reduction in territory of, 740 Revolutionary soldiers in, 166 road districts in, 754 schools and school districts in, 754, 755, 756 Second Presbyterian church of, 757 settlers in before 1800, 741 in the village of, 747 slavery in, 759 INDEXES. 511 Lysander, Starr family, the peculiar, in, 748 surveyors of roads in, early, 754 tardiness of settlement in, 739 territory constituting the town of, 738 tobacco culture in, 760 town records of, early, 753 "Vickerey's Settlement" in, 748 White Chapel in, at Cold Spring, 758 Maas, Theophilus C, Rev., 533 McBride, James, 411 McCargar, A. T., 569 McCarthy, Elizabeth Carter, Mrs., 1092 Dennis, 245, 257, 287, 290, 300, 462, 465, 477, 551, 579 Patrick, 561 Robert, 477 ,1109 Thomas, 458, 584, 942 McClelland, Eugene, 1107 McConnell, Cephas, 858 Cephas S., 563 McCullom, H. S., 566 McDonald, George, 590 McDowell, Hugh, 565 McEvoy, P. F., Rev., 535 McGee, Patrick, 810, 825 McGuire, James K, 561, 569 McHarrie, John, 713, 719, 720, 728, 729. 741, 745 McHuron, Lyman, 747 Mclntyre, Calvin, jr., 690 McKeever, Nicholas C. , 570 McKevett, Burt E., 569 McKinley, Jesse, 290 McKinstry, Alexander, 550, 551 McLennan, Peter B., 330, 487, 508 Roderick C, Dr., 379 McManus, Thomas, 483 . McNierny, Francis, Rt. Rev,, 536 McWhorter, John, 267, 268, 405 Machin, Thomas, Capt., 140-142 Magee, James P., Rev., 536 Maine, F. L., 778 Malcolm, William, 428-430, 456 & Hudson, 456 Maltbie, Annie C, 262, 1092 Manahan, Charles, 1034 Manchester, H. A., Rev., 522 Manlius Academy, 784 town of, Baron Steuben's sojourn in, 770 called "Derne," 777 Canal Company, 783 churches of, 801-805 Congregational church at Kirkville in, 805 Manlius Academy, description of, in 1824, 782 Eagle, 778 Eagle Village in, 797 early merchants of, 786 first town meeting and officers of, 772 flood in, 777 fruit farms and producers in, 800 growth of, after 1806, 777 in the county centennial celebration, 800 influence of Erie Canal upon, 783 Kirkville in, 795, 796 later settlers of, 779 manufactures of, 785, 786 Masonry in, 781 Methodist Episcopal church at Kirk ville in. 805 military lots in, 768 newspapers of, 777 physicians of, early, 779 pioneers of, 770-779 pioneers of Kirkville in, 795 politics in, in 1830, 784 population of, 801 postmasters of, 786 prominent residents of, 798-800 proposed railroad in, in 1830, 784 Revolutionary soldiers in. 155 roads in, early, 771 St. John's Military School for Boys at, 787 St. Mary's Catholic church in, 804 schools and school districts in, early, 773 State prison at, proposal to locate a, 783 Station, 797 Methodist Episcopal church in, 805 statistics of, in 1835, 782 summary of, 805 supervisors of, 801 surveyors, in, early, 772 territory constituting the town of, 768 topography of, 769 town records, 771 Manlius village called " Liberty Square," 775 Baptist church in, 803 Bible societies in, 803 Christ Episcopal church in, 802 early lawyers at, 775 early postmasters of, 775 fire department of, 789 incorporation and presidents of, 787 512 INDEXES. Manlius village, Methodist Episcopal church in, 803 reincorporation of, 789 settlement of, 774 Trinity Presbvterian church in, 802 water supply of, 789 villages in, in 1825, 783 Mann, James, Gen., 430, 527 Jessie, Miss, 1093 Jonas, 426, 427 Seth H., 519 Manning, James, 230, 431, 494 Map of Central New York in 1809, facing 196 Chouaguen in 1756, facing, 117 De Lery's, of Oswego in 1727, facing 98 early, of Central New York, facing 66 Fort Brewerton and block-house on Oneida Lake, 123 Onondaga Reservation, facing 1049 original Onondaga county and Mil itary Tract, 5 reference, of Military Tract and sur rounding territory, 8 Syracuse in 1834, 445 Syracuse in 1846, facing 457 Walton Tract, the, 404 Mara, Roda M., 481 * Marcellus, town of, burning of town rec ords of, 638 case of devotional somnium in, 651 church, Baptist, in, 648 church edifice in, the first in the county, 640 church, Methodist, in, 651 church, St. John's Episcopal, in, 652 church, St. Xavier's Roman Catho lic in, 657 Crown Mills Woolen Company in, 643 death in, first, 636 in the Rebellion, 657 manufactures of, 641-648 merchants in, early, 641 military lots in, 632 militia "trainings" in, 651 mills in, first, 636 mills in, early, 639 Nine Mile Creek in, 641 Observer, 657 occupations of the inhabitants of, 653 paper mills in, 644, 645 pioneers of, 633-638, 654 population of, 658 Marcellus Powder Company in, 643 religious organizations in, early, 640 religious societies in, 652 Revolutionary soldiers in, 159 residents of, Dr. Parson's lists of, 655 rivalry in, between East and West hills, 635 roads in, early, 639 Rose Hill in, 657 schools of, 652 Seneca turnpike in, 641 settlers in northwest part of, 637 settlers, list of names of early, in, 649 settlers on South Hill in, 637 statistics of, in 1823, 653 ; in 1885, 655 territory constituting the town of, 631 Thorn Hill in, Settlement of, 637 topography of, 633 town meeting in, first, 638 town officers of, 658 Marcellus village, business interests of, 655, 656 called "Pucker Street," 649 early merchants in, 650 in stage-coach days. 639 incorporation and officers of, 656 Maricourt, 95, 96 Marks, Enoch, 589 Marlette. Francis W , Mrs., 1091, 1105 Marlow, F. W., Dr., 377 Marsh, F. A., 565 Luther, 624 Moses S., 231 Samuel, 200 Marshall, James, 517 J. S., Dr., 376 Marvin, Asa, 421 D. W., 544 Samuel, and family, 715 William, 987 Mason, Levi, 274 Matthews, David B., Bev., 528 May, Samuel J., Rev., 529, 551, 1094 Maybee, David, 799 Mayo, J. L., 547 Meachan, William J., 643 Mead, Ann, Miss, 321 Medals given to the Indians, 127 Medical Association, City, 373 important papers read be- for the, 378 officers of since 1889, 378 roster of members of, 374 Medical Association, Syracuse, 372 Homoeopathic, 397 Medical College, Syracuse, 380 INDEXES. 513 Medical Society, Onondaga county, 360 essayists of, 364 presidents of, 365 roster of members of, 366 et seq. Homoeopathic. 394 et seq. necrology of, 397 presidents of, 396 roster of members of, 395 Mellen. Humphrey, 427 Members of assembly, 308 Menard, Rene, 67, 69, 71 Mercer, Alfred, Dr., 364, 373, 374, 376, 379, 545 Mercer, A. C, Dr., 377 Merriam, Emma M., Mrs., 1093 Gustavus F., 244 Thomas W. , 569 Merrill, Ida Bagg, Miss, 1102 Merriman, Charles J., 858 Titus, Dr., 691 Mertens, Jacob M., 569, 1107 Metcalf , George R. , Dr. , 376 Mexico, the town of. 189 Mickles, Nicholas, 843, 857 Philo D., 453 Midler, James, 600 Miles, Elijah W., 275, 882 Military tract, the, 4 townships of the, 10 Militia, the early, 204 Millar, Morgan, Rev., 512 Millard, Nelson, Rev., 515 Miller, Charlotte Birdseye, Mrs., 1093 DavidS., 1025 John, 193, 266 John, Dr., 360 Riley V, 507 Millett, Father. 79, 83 Mills, Charles De B., 1097 Frank B..657 Harriet May, Miss, 262, 1093 L. B., Miss, 545 W. I-L, Dr.. 377 Minard. Isaac T., 292, 332 Miner, Amos, 984 Ovid, Rev., 519 Mitchell. Colonel, 210-212 David J., 258 Ellen M., Mrs., 1091 Moir, Edward, 643 Montcalm, Marquis de 115, 118, 122 Montgomery county, division of, 189 Mooney, Barnet, 269, 271 Edward L., Dr., 379 Moore, H. B.. Dr., 779 Josiah, 868 Moravians, the, 106 Morehouse, Benjamin, 190, 770 David, 1018 Morey, Davenport, 584 Morgan, Le Roy, 282, 330, 333; sketch of 349 ; 629, 764 Lyman, 625 T. L. R., 343, Morley, George, Dr., 749 Morris, Ezekiel 762 H. D. & W. F., 762 W. F., 763, 764 Morse, Evander, 563, 858 Moseley, David, 313 D. T., 341 William H., 343 Mosely, Charles, 206, 771, 774, 775 Daniel, 283, 338, 849 Moses, Chester, 987 Moss, Rufus, 513 Mott, Lydia P., Mrs., 993, 994 Mo wry, Henry J., 487, 489, 496, 583 Muench, William, 570 Mulford, Henry D'B., Rev., 529 Mulholland, Charles, 775 Mullany, John F., Rev., 536 Mumford, E. H., Dr., 375, 376 Thomas, 332 Mundy, Ezekiel W., 532, 561 Munro, David, 228* 229, 231, 273-275. 282 287, 292, 318, 579 ; and family, 665 David A., 681 James M., 580, 680 John, 261, 1083 Nathaniel. 231 Squire, 270, 274, 318; and family, 688 Munroe, Allen, 238, 256, 580, 581 James 297. 580 J. Page, 483 Murphy, Matthew, 579 Murray, D wight H., Dr., 379 Myers, Alfred E, Rev., 517, 518 Austin, 245, 300 Matthew J., 582 Michael, 188 Names, Indian, 1110, 1111 Nash, John F., 567 Moses, 270, 271 Nearing, Susan D., Miss, 1093 Needham, Gordon, Dr., 205, 271, 360, 843, 844, 857 William, Dr., 843. 844 Neubauer, Francis, Rev., 534 Newell, William W., Rev., 515 Newkirk, Benjamin. 183, 400 Newman, Wilson W., 551, 801, 1109 Newspapers, first, 201 514 INDEXES. Newspapers of Baldwinsville, 764 of Camillus, 682 of East Syracuse, 1035 of Jordan, 703 of Manlius, 777 of Marcellus, 657 of Onondaga, 858 of Salina, 960 of Skaneateles, 996 of Syracuse, 563 et seq. of Tully, 902 Newton, Henry, 428 Nichols, Edwin F., 767 John A., 1035 John A, jr., 1035 Nims, Horace, Dr., 248; sketch of, 390; 800 Niven, Amelia L. (Didama), Dr., 391 Niver, William K, 487, 508 North, Eben L., Rev., 523 John, 293 Northam, Alfred, 417, 420 Northrup, A. Judd, 331, 333, 342, 418, 1094 A. Judd. Mrs., 1100 Milton H., 567,569, 1083 Norton, Ashbel, 779 Benjamin R. , 515 John D., 579 Lyman, 316 Nottingham, Edwin, 381 Gorton, 1030 Van Vleck, 1030 Noxon, B. Davis, 282, 288, 296, 333, 338; sketch of, 344; 422, 443, 580, 629, 641, 850 Tames, 299,322, 330; sketch of, 351; 552 Nye, Benjamin, 981 Oakwood street railway, 469 Oberlander, Alexander, Rev., 572 O'Blennis, John, 938 Mrs., 935 O'Connor, Edward, Capt, 545 O'Hara, James A., Rev., 534 Olcott, Hezekiah, 193, 204, 266, 335, 584, 606-608, 934, 939 Thomas, 205 Oneida Lake, 823 Onondaga Academy, 857 Onondaga and Cayuga songs, 62 Onondaga Chiefs, 181 Onondaga county, act erecting, 1 Agricultural Society, 317 et seq. anti-slavery sentiment in, 1080 bar of, 357 centennial celebration, 260 et seq, 1097 et seq. Onondaga county clerk's office, 320 first officers appointed for, 193, 265 gains in population of, 255 Homoeopathic Medical Society, 394 et seq. in the next century, 1111 industrial statistics of, in 1810, 1073 Medical Society, 360 Milk Association, 324 Orphan Asylum, 320 officers, first, in, 847 Penitentiary, 315 et seq. poorhouse, 311 post-offices in, 1086-1088 record of, in the Civil war, 1080 reduction in territory of, 4 salaries of officials of, in 1895, 1078, 1079 statement of purposes for which tax was levied in, in 1895, 1078, 1079 statistics of, in 1821, 1074 table of aggregate valuations and taxes in 1895, 1077 topography of, '11 Creek, appointment of committee to straighten the, 469 commission appointed to straighten, 462 lowering of, 225 Hill, business, and business men of, 859 Hill, early business men at, 851 Hill, early growth of. 852 Hill, First Presbyterian church at, 852 Hill, St. John's church at, 851 Historical Society, 322 et seq. Hollow and Hill, 845 Hollow and Hill during the first quarter of the century, 860 Hollow and Hill, rivalry between, for the county seat, 847 Lake, Le Moyne at, 55 Lodge, No. 98, F. & A. M., 850 pioneers in the Revolution, 145 Onondaga, town of, agricultural society of, the first in the county, 858 Bartram's, John, visit to, 837 Cedarvale in, 862 Chafee family, the, in, 861 ' Cradleville" in, 861 Danforth village in, 864 early conditions of, 853 early religious societies in, 852 Elmwood village in, 865 Howlett Hill in, 862 INDEXES. 515 Onondaga in the county's centennial celebration, 866 in the war of 1812, 856 lawyers, early, in, 849 list of settlers in various parts of, 854, 855 Loomis hill in, 863 Navarino in, 862 newspapers of, 858 "niggering corn," in, 841 pioneers of, 838-863 pioneers of the south and west part of, 860 population of, 866 prominent early residents of, list of, 863 Revolutionary soldiers in, 152, 855 roads, first in, 844 St. Agnes Roman Catholic Cemetery in, 864 salt, first production of, in, 841 school inspectors of, first, 858 settlers in the south part of, 854 slavery in, 853 South Hollow, 860 Split Rock quarries in, 864 statistics of, in 1845, 864 stone quarries of, 865 supervisors of, 846 Syracuse Water Company's develop ments in, 865 territory constituting the town of, 837, 838 the heart of the Iroquois country, 836, 837 town meeting, first, in, 846 two unwelcome visitors to, 839 Onondaga Valley, First Methodist Epis copal church at, 859 Onondagas, the, Aunt Dinah John of, 1067 customs of the, 71, 1060 Capt. Samuel George of, 1066 distinguished chiefs of, 1064 efforts toward constitutional govern ment among, 1067 Episcopal mission among, 1055 farms of, 1053 feasts, sacrifices and ceremonies of, 1061-1064 first accounts of, 38 government of, 1066 Greenhalgh's mention of, 1051 in the wars of 1812 and 1861-65, 1059 Indian Band, 1057 influence of Handsome Lake among, 1056 John Bartram's mention of, 1051, 1052 Onondaga's leading farmers of, 1058 location in the Valley of, 1051, 1052 migrations of, 1051 missionaries among, 1054, 1055 nomenclature of, 1059 Ossahinta, chief of, 181, 182 ownership of land among, 1058 present chiefs of, 1067 religious interests among, 1055, 1056 Reservation of, 1049 sacrifice of the White Dog by, 1061 since the Revolution, 179 statistics of, 1053, 1054 temperance work among, 1057 topography of the Reservation of, 1053 traditional origin of, 1050 wampum of, 1061 Organizations to perpetuate war com radeship, 1084 Orman, Thomas, 194, 584, 936, 940, 1041 Ormsbee, Henry J., 1100 Orphan Asylum, Onondaga County, 320 Orvis, Reuben S., 746 Osbourn, C. P., Rev., 1110 Ostrander, Eliza, Mrs., 1093 Ostrum, Zebulon, 515 Oswego River, Le Moyne's journey on the, 55 Montcalm's capture of, 118 capture of, in 1814, 210 Otis, Abijah,' 874 Isaac, 691 Sarah, Miss, 1093 Otisco Lake, 931 town of, churches in, 930, 931 geology of, 932 in the war of 1812, 926 fifty years ago, 923 first town meeting and officers of, 926 military lots in, 923 physicians of, 927 pioneers of, 923-928 population of, 931 prominent farmers of, 929 representatives in the professions from, 928, 929 Revolutionary soldiers in, 169, 926 schools of, 925 supervisors of, 931 territory constituting, 922 topography of, 922 Outwater, James D., 244 Peter, 341 Peter, jr., 282, 579 Peter, Mrs. , 840 Owen, David, 890 Joel, 425 5l0 INDEXES. Owen, Scott, Dr., 544 Packard, Edward N., Rev., 521 Packwood, John, 991 Paddock, John, 957 Page, J. Will, 903 Paine, Edward, 193, 204, 266 Palmer, A. Cady, 261, 342 AlvaW., 319, 581 Anson N., 569 Frank W., 569 Gilbert, 905, 906 George W., Dr., 796 Jonathan, 740 Manning C. , 581 Noah, sr., 619 William L., 564 Pardee, Charles, 998, 1002 Park, Silas W., Dr., 392, 966 Parker, Edward L., 987 J. H., 230 Sanford C, 229, 318, 341, 730, 761 Parsons, Benjamin, 204 Esther, Mrs., 1093 Fanny A., Mrs , 1109 Israel, Dr., 1108 Levi, Rev., 640, 649 Rufus, 401 " Patriot war," the, 232, 451 Patterson, John, 188, 267 J. M., 284 Robert, 204 Pattison, Thomas E., Rev., 544 Payne, Elisha, 200 Noah, 752 Pease, R. W. , Dr. . 244, 363, 373, 374, 544, 545 Peck, Charles, 319 - Elisha, 883 Enos, and family, 667 John J., 464 W. H., 1110 WilburS., 482. 541, 581 Penitentiary, Onondaga County, 315 Pennsylvania Indian Councils, 101 Perry, A. D., 1107 O. H., Com., 2(9 Peters, Nicholas, jr., 561 Pettit, George, 275, 313, 318; and family. 876 James, 273 John U., 877 Jonathan E., 877, Milton H.J 878 Pfhol, Jacob, 572 Phares, Andrew, 269, 937, 1041 Simon, 194, 584, 936, 940, 1041 Pharis, Charles E., 1040 Pharis, Isaac, 1040 Isaac R., 1040 Mills P., 1040 Phelps, Dudley P., 438, 575, 581, 583 Jared, 428 Ralph R., 515 Samuel, 427 Seth, 193, 198, 215, 331. 334-336 Phillips, Albert W., Dr., 248 Elihu L., 229, 289, 452 Elijah, Col., 204, 205, 425, 426, 771 774, 840 Nicholas, 771 Phinney, L. O., 422 Pickard, Catherine Reynolds, Mrs., 1091 Darwin L. , 318 Picquet, Father, 109, 110 Pierce, Sylvester P., 454 Pinzer, J. Peter, 571 Pioneer, the first, 183 Pioneers, surroundings of the, 1071 ; chai acter of the, 1072 Pitcher, Leman H., and family, 619 Plank road, 236 Plant, Lauren, 817 William A., 125 William T., Dr., 363, 545 Piatt, Jonas, 264 Plumb, E. R.,579 J. S., 575 Poeter, James, 332 Pompey Academy, 608 et seq. incorporation of, 609 list of subscribers to, 608 teachers in, 610 "Stone," the, 33,603 town of, bears in, 604 burials in, first, 607 church, Baptist, in, 626 church. First Congregational, in, 600 church, Protestant Episcopal, in, 627 church, Second Congregational, in 626 Delphi, in, 601 early settlers of, list of, in reunion book, 597 hotel in, first, 600 in 1800, 625 Clarke family in, the, 614 manufacturers in, early, 627 merchants in, early, 602, 628 military lots in, 594 mills in earlv, 599, 628 pioneers of, '596, 600, 601, 602, 603 pioneers, adverse conditions si : rounding, 599 population of, 629 prominent families in, 611 INDEXES. 517 Pompey Academy, pupils, list of, in Mount Pleasant school in, 611 records of, early town, 604-607 reminiscences of, by Rev. Samuel W. Brace, 629 reunion at, 629 Revolutionary soldiers in, 147 school in, first, 599 settlement in, first, 596 supervisors of, 631 Sweet family in, the, 620 territory constituting, 594 topography of, 59.") Watervale in, 603 Pontiac s war, 128 Poole, T. L., Major, 246, 581, 1107 Poorhouse, Onondaga county, 311 Pope, Charles, 543, 580 Orel, 319, 8*2 Population, 1799, 192; 235, 1072; of towns in 1810, 1073 Porter, Evelvn H., Dr., 393, 987 James, 270-272, 274 James G., 9*7 Mary A., Mrs., 512 Samuel, Dr., 360, 393, 987 Timothy, 321, 580 Warren H., 458 William, jr., 228 W. W., Dr., sketch of, 387; 1045 Porter-Beach, Elizabeth T., Mrs., 1006, 1093 Postal rates, early, 1086 Post-office Department, U. S. , an inter- ' esting communication from the, 1086 in the county, 1086-1088 Potash, production of, 1089 Pouchot, 122, 124 Powell, Archibald C, 257, 468, 544, 589 Edward A., 319, 324, 542 Pratt Caleb 774 Daniel, 297, 330, 331; sketch of, 346; 453, 567 Manoah, sr. , 609; and family, 619 Manoah, jr., 356 Preisser, S. A., Rev., 536 Prescott, Herbert F., 567 Price, Elijah, 193, 266 George M., 379 Prideaux, John, Gen., 123, 124 Pritchard, Horace B., Dr., 391 Provost marshals, 1082 " Property line," the, 131 Public projects, important, 258 Putnam, Hiram, Capt, 283, 427, 437, 443, 453, 458, 495, 546, 551, 552, 560 Pyrlsus, 36, 37, 109 Quebec, fall of, 124 Quereau, I. R., 551 Quivey, S. S., 764 Rageneau, Father, 72 Railroad, the Auburn and Syracuse, 227, 446 company, the first, incorporated, 227 Company, the Rochester and Syra cuse, 238 early, equipment, 452 the Chenango Valley, 257, 474 the Syracuse and Binghamton, 23* the Syracuse and Oswego, 238 the Syracuse Northern, 250 the Syracuse and Utica, 229, 447, 452the West Shore, 259, 481 Railroads built after the Civil war, 256 various, 228 Ray, William, 1094 Raynor, Henry, 228, 230, 441, 575 Jacob, 494 Willett, 494 Willett and Henry, 429, 430 Randall, Nathan P., 222, 409 Nicholas P. , 7*3, 784 Randel, John, jr., 400, 838 Raoul, Madame, 427, 546, 559 Rathbone, James, 205 Valentine, 636 Rawson, Nelson, 563 T. H., 588 " Recruiting agents," 1082 labors of, 1083 stations for the regular army in Syr acuse, 1086 Redfield, Lewis H., 224, 277, 279, 318, 411, 427, 443, 572, 858, 1025 Redway, Hicks, 319 Rebellion, the, 240 et seq. Regiment, Twelfth, the, 244 One Hundred and First, the, 247 One Hundred and Forty-ninth, the 247 One Hundred and Twenty-second, the, 245 One Hundred and Eighty-fifth, the, 252 Reid, John, Mrs., 558 Reilly, Henry, 497 "Relations," incidents from the, 75 et seq. Remington, Arnold, 780 Representatives in Congress, 307 Republican convention of 1871, turbu lent, 304 meeting, the first, in Camillus, 1081 party, birth of the, 299 Reservation, the original Onondaga, 179 518 INDEXES. Revolution, the, 134 et seq. the closing years of, 144 Revolutionary soldiers, list of, 147 et seq. Rhoades, Elijah, 280, 285 Harvey, 581, 589 Isabelle Carter, Mrs., 1093 Rhodes, Theodore F , 319 Thomas, 642, Rice, Asa, 200, 740 Samuel, Dea., 634 Smith, 1035 Stephen, 288 Thomas and family, 615 William A., Rev., 517 Richardson Charles C. , 579 John, 176, 178, 193, 265, 334, 335, 588 Richmond, Anson, 442 Dean, 942 Riegel, Henry, 331 Riggs, James, Dr., 391 Rivers and streams, 12 Road commission, the first, 188 Robbins, M. B., 570 Roberts, Elizabeth Snyder, Mrs., 1109 Harvey, Dr., sketch of, 382 JohnT., 1108, 1109 Robinson, William A., 423 Rochefoucauld, Duke de, 187 Rockwell, James O. , 798 Rodger, James, and family, 691 ; 698 Roe, Andrew, Rev., 657 C. A., 657 Roehner, John L., 571 Rogers, Israel, 717 John, 415, 421, 428 Romeyn, Abraham, 201, 777 Romer, Colonel, 95 Root, Adonijah, 421 Nancy, 1041 Orrin, 547 Rose, C. T., 581 Ross, William N., 331 Rossiter, Henry C. , 948 Rounds, Comfort, 962 Roundy, Asahel, Capt., 908; sketch of, 916-919 Charles O., 553 Uriah, 261 Rowe, Samuel B. , 282, 681 Rowland, John, Rev., 537 Rowley, Newell, 883 Roger, William C. , 327, 333 ; sketch of, 352; 567 Rum, New England, and its use, 1089 Russell, Edwin P., 786 Jonathan, 194, 195 Melville W., 1035 Wing, 456 Rust, Elijah, 336, 608 Charles, 430 PhiloN., 447, 495 Stiles M., 477 Zebulon and sons, 851 Ryan, Thomas, 481, 482 Sabine, Joseph F., 333; sketch of, 346; 579 William H., 231, 407, 439, 460, 843, 848, 849, 857 Sackett, James, 419, 1004 Safford, Ira, 681 Shubael, 411 Thomas D., 620 St. John, Elijah, Col., 200, 868, 869, 874, St. Leger, Barry, Col., 137, 138 Salina, town of, after the Civil war, 958 block-house, erected at, 940 business and business men of, before 1825, 946 character of first settlers of, 941 churches of, 958, 959 dwellings, peculiar construction of first in, 935 Eagle tavern, the old, at, 946 Federal Company in, the, 939 first town meeting and officers of, 943 incident connected with Mr. Lamb at, 938 influence of the canals upon, 952 Liverpool in, boat building and re pairing in, 956 business men of, 953-956 cigar manufacture in, 960 first salt makers at, 938 incorporation, first officers and list of presidents of, 953 salt manufacturers of, 955 Telegraph, 960 willow basket industry of, 955 paucity of provisions in, during early days of settlement, 936 pioneers of, 934-948, 956 population of, 961 Revolutionary soldiers in, 166 rivalry between Syracuse and, 948 salt industry, beginning of the, 938 salt springs, the, a factor in the set tlement of, 934, 937, 945 saw mills in, early, 945 schools of, 953 statistics of, in 1824, 951; in 1845, and 1860, 952 supervisors of, 960 tax list of, in 1809, 943 et seq. territory constituting the town of, 933 trouble with the British and Indians at, in 1793, 939 INDEXES. 519 Salina, unheal thfulness of the surround ings of, 937 Salina village absorbed by Syracuse, 950 first report of expenditures of public money in, 948 incorporation and first officers of, 948 list of officers of, 950 public improvements in, 949 public square in, 950 Salisbury, A. G., 547, 549, 551, 552 Salmon, D. O., 544 Salt at Tully, 590 industry, beginning of, 201 industry, rise and fall of, 1079 Sammons, Jacob, 1041 Sanger, Jedediah, Col., 189, 199, 264, 267, 584, 982 Sanford, Lewis H., 282, 1002 Saul, George, 571, 581 Savage, Moses, Dea., 601 Richard, 438 Sawyer, George C, 541 J. E. S., Rev., 570 Schaffer, John A., 266 Schenck, Benjamin B., Dr., 394, 750 Schlosser, Charles, 507 Schuyler, Peter, 91, 94, 95, 98, 121, 131, 132, 135, 176, 178, 264, 265 Schwartz, Frederick, 483 Scisco, L. D., 324 Scott, Thomas H., 319 Scoville, Amasa, 799 Searl, Ichabod H., Dr., 363; sketch of, 389 Searle, Jesse, Dr., 360 Seaver, Norman, Rev. Dr., 517 Sedgwick, Charles B., 240, 293, 294,300, 343, 458, 629 H. J., 289, 551, 575 Seeley, Gideon, 844 Obadiah, 477 Seymour, Henry, 271, 609-611, 623, 945 Horatio, 623, 629 Ira, 216, 504 JobnF., 629 Joseph, Mrs., 1093 Miles, 513 Moses, Major, and family, 623 Senatorial districts under Constitution of 1821, 276 Senators, first, 264 State, 307 Seneca Road Company, the, 199 Sessions, Ruth Huntington, Mrs., 1093 Seward, Stephen, Dr., 394 Shaeffer, John A., 770 Shankland, James, 948 William, 602 Shattuck, Henry, 438, Joseph, and family, 620 Shaw, Paul, 457 Shea, J. G., 108 Sheldon, A. S., Capt, 1107 Harvey, 462 Henry, 333 J. W., Dr., 395 Melville A., 567 Rufus, 601 Shepard, John, Capt., 812 Sheriffs, 310 Sherlock, Bessie J., Mrs., 1092 Charles R., 542, 565 S. W., 483 Sherman, Eli H., 579 Isaac N., 644 James, 963 J. De Blois, Dr., 392, 426 Sherwood, Gaylord N. , 679, 681 Isaac, 991 Samuel, 601 Seth, 335 Thomas, 288 Shipman, A. B., Dr., 363, 373, 374; sketch of, 387 John O., Dr., sketch of, 388 P. G., Dr., 393 Shirley, Governor, 113, 114 Shove, Benjamin, Rev., 651 Benjamin J., 333 Shoemaker, Conrad, 806 Shuman, Andrew, 566 Sims, Charles N., 559 Skaneateles Academy, foundation and officeisof, 995, 996 Agricultural Society, 1001 Anti-Slavery Society, 987 Community Place in, 1006 Democrat, the, 997 Educational Society, 987 Free Press, the, 997 Lake, 1007, 1008 manufactories on outlet of, 992 steamers, etc., on, 1008 water power on outlet of, 992 Library Association, 987 Library Company, 986 Lime Works, 1011 Mechanics' Library Association, 987 Railroad Company, 1002 Temperance Society, 1001 town of, advertisers of, between 1829 and 1834, 997 banks of, 1010 cemeteries in, 1013 center of stage routes, 991 churches of, 1002, 1003 early bridges and roads in, 982 520 INDEXES. Skaneateles, effect of the Erie Canal up on, 1001 Episcopal church m, 994 Friends Female Boarding School in, 993 Glenside Woolen Mills in, 1011 hardships of pioneers of, 981 Hart Lot Paper Co. in, 1011 in the Rebellion, 1009 in the war of 1812, 993 Ladeside Paper Co. in, 1013 list of early residents in, 988 ; in 1815, 990 Mandana in, 986 manufacturing interests of, 1011-1013 Methodist church at, 1014 military lots in, 977 Mottville in, 992 manufacturing in, 1012 newspapers of, 996 et seq. pioneers of, 978-990 politics in, in 1838 and 1840, 1003 population of, 1015 post-office, 1014 prominent settlers and residents of, list of. 1003 religious societies in, first, 983 schools of, 993 first in, 983 settlement on west side of lake in, 987 Society of Friends in, 987 statistics of, in 1844, 1001; in 1845, 1006 supervisors of, 1015 territory constituting the town of, 977 topography of, 978 "training days" in, 993 Skaneateles village, businessmen of, 1006 charter amendments of, 999 early select schools in, 1006 fires and fire department of, 1000 founding of, 982 incorporation, first officers and list of presidents of, 999 local advertisers in, in 1829, 996 peculiar characters resident in, 1004 prosperity of, in 1846, 1007 Roman Catholic church in, 1009 secret societies in, 1009 statistics of, in 1823, and 1836, 995 union free school district in, 1007 Water Company, 1014 Willow Glen in, 1013 Skeel, Amos, 893 Skinner, James A., 541 Slauson, James, 747 Zalmon, John and George W., 749 Slayton, James M. , 902 Slingerland, Adelia H. W., Mrs., 1093 Slocum, George, 30 John O., Dr., 245, 363 Joseph, 227, 230, 422, 428, 513 Matthew B., 602 R. R., 1108, 1109 Slosson, S. H., 581 Smalley, Frank, Prof., 1097 Smith, Andrew J. , 245 Asahel L., 563 Azariah, 279, 284, 287, 288, 313; and family, 776 ; 783, 784 B. R., Rev., 512 Carroll E., 207, 324, 470, 566, 1094 David, 200 Edward, 482, 548, 555 Erminie, Mrs., 1093 Gerrit, 285 H. Perry, 570, 1095 Isaac, 270 Israel, 515 Jacob S., 257, 437 Job, and family, 911 John, 340, 620 John H., 987 Joseph, 608 Vivus W., 228-230, 233, 283. 2*4. 290, 291, 296, 431, 452, 563, 566, 573, 589, 858, 1094 Lemuel, 965 Lewis, 275 Lyman C, 581 N. B., 322 Richard L., 261, 748, 763, 767, 1109 Silas F., 2V0, 563, 566, 573 Stephen, 443 Thomas A., 563 William Brown, 477 W. H. H. 469 Smiths & Powell stock farm at Geddes 1044 Sniper, Gustavus, Gen., 247, 252, 253 Shook, John, 799 John, jr., 998 Snow, Charles W., 569 Elijah, 740 Porter H., Rev., 519 Snyder, A. V., Dr., 832 Solvay Process Company, 1047 Soule, Howard, 506 Nathan, 830 Southern wars of the Iroquois, 84 Spafford Corners, business and business men of, 915 settlers of, 908, 909 INDEXES 521 Spafford, town of, agricultural character of, 922 Borodino in, business and business men of, 914 settlers of, 908 Burdick family in, the, 919-921 churches of, 912 first schools in, 909 first town meetings and officers of, 910 military lots in, 905 mills in, 921 pathetic incident of first year of set tlement of, 905 pioneers of, 905-912 population of, 922 Revolutionary soldiers in, 170, 908 Roundy family in, the, 916-919 schools of, 921 supervisors, of, 910 territory constituting the town of, 904, 905 topography of, 905 Spafford, Horatio Gates, 910 Spalding, George B., Rev., 261, 515 Mary L., Miss, 1093 Spangenberg, A. G., 106,107 Speculation, wild, in 1836-37, 231 Spencer, Israel S., 296, 331 ; sketch of, 351 John, 287 Thomas, 419, 420, 439, 589 Thomas, Oneida chief, 138 Sprague, De Witt C, Col., 263 Du PortalS., 880 D. Webster, 881 Elisha. and family, 879, 880 Jesse D., 881 John, Col., 276, 603, 783, 784, 791 Oscar L., 332,880 Springs, 16 Stacey, Alfred E., 707 Stage coaches and stage coaching, 1088 Stanley, Jonathan, jr., 268, 270, 273, 274, 852, 882 Stansbury, George A., 292 Stanton, Amos, 334, 401 Charles T., 494 Isaac, 422 Margaret, Dr., 544 Rufus, 405, 408, 411, 420 Starr, Thomas, 340 State conventions in 1850 in Syracuse, 296 senators, 307 States, growth of the, 1074 Stearns, Jehiel, Dr., 363; sketch of, 381 Stebbins, Charles, 229 Stedman, Stephen, 570 Steele, Daniel, Rev., 559 Stephenson, F. H., Dr., 378, 379 John C, 987, 997 Steuben, Baron, 194 Stevens, E. B., Dr., 375 George, 296, 341, 579 George E., Rev., 512 John L., 230, 237 Justus, 767, 1109 Lucius, Dr., 376 Oliver, 196, 809, 810 R. F., Dr., 629 William, Lt.-Col., 198, 215 334-336 587, 608, 683, 685; and family, 687; 940 Stevenson, Benjamin, 1107 Stewart, Harvey, 468 John, 515 Nathan, 588 Royal, 279 William D., 468, 469, 501, 942 Stiles, Ezra, 519 Stilwell, Giles H., 561 Heman W., 464 Stoddard, P. S., 464, 551 Stone, Erasmus, 279 Oren, 269 W. L., Ill, 135, 180 Storer, F. A. S., Rev., 522 J. P. B., Rev., 529 Storey, C. R., 511 Stowe, J. D., Dr., 395 Stowell, John, 193, 266 Strachan, John, 561 Street railways in Syracuse, 486 Strieby, M. E., Rev., 520 Strong, Addison K., Rev., 516 Hezekiah, 231, 313 Isaac, 688 John M., Col., 248, 261, 342, 542, 589, 1109 JohnR., 318 Oliver, and family, 851 Oliver R.', 231, 313; sketch of, 347; 857, 858 Schuyler, 279, 417, 425 Gurney S., 570, 1096 . W. R., 318 Sullivan, Timothy, 542 Summers, Moses, 248, 564, 565 William, 564 Sunderlin, Byron, Rev., 515 Supervisors' records, early, 191 Surrogates, 332 Swan, Joseph, 843, 857 Ziba, Dr., 403 Sweet, Cyrus, 332 H. D. L., 322, 1094 522 INDEXES. Sweet, John E. , 33 Timothy, and familv, 620 William A., 319, 485, 489, 507 Syracuse Academy, 547 St. John's Catholic in, 535 Syracuse city, act of incorporation of, 458 Adamant Manufacturing Company, in, 592 Advertiser, 563 Alexander Iron works in, 591 an Abolition center, 461 and Salina in 1840, 234 annexation of Danforth and Geddes to, 483 annexation of territory to, prospects of, in 1895, 492 appearance and condition of, in 1820, 409 as a recuiting station, 1082 Bank of, 579, 581 Bank, Commercial, in, 583 Bank, First National, in, 580 Bank, Merchant's National, in, 577 Bank, Onondaga County Savings, in, 581 Bank, People's, in, 583 Bank, Robert Gere, in, 581 Bank of Salina in, 579 Bank, Salt Springs National, in, 577 Bank, Savings, 581 Bank, State, of, 581 Bank, Third National, in, 580 Bank, Wilkinson, in, 583 Banking Company, New York State, in, 580 benevolent institutions of, 541 et seq. Board of Education and Common Council of, strife between, 482 Board of Fire Commissioners of, 475 Board of Public Works of, 475 Board of Water Commissioners, 487 brewing companies in, 592 bridge over canal at Salina street in, 410 buildings, prominent, erected in, in 1868-9, 471 Bureau of Labor and Charities, 542 burial grounds in, early, 414 Burnet Park presented to, 485 business in, incentives to, 577 business of, at date of incorporation, 459 Butler Manufacturing Company in, 592 Cathedral, St. John's (Roman Cath- plic), in, 535 Syracuse Catholic Publishing Co. , 569 Catholic Sun of, 570 causes of late .settlement of, 398 Central Baptist church disaster in, 474 Central City Water Works Company in, 505 Central Demokrat of, 572 Central Library, 561 Central railroad station, new, in, 490 charter amendments in 1856, 464; in 1857, 465 ; 485, 488, 490 charter, revision of, 483 charter, city, adoption of, 459 Chenango Valley Railroad in, 474 Chilled Plow Company, 591 church, Adath Israel, in, 539 Adath Jeshurun, in, 539 Adath Yeshurun, in, 539 Bethany Baptist, in, 512 Brown Memorial Methodist, in, 525 Calvary, in, 528 Centenary Methodist Episcopal in, 524 Central Baptist, in, 510 Congregational Poily Zedeck, in, 539 Danforth Congregational, in, 521 Delaware Street Baptist, in, 511 Erwin Memorial, in, 526 Evangelical, of the Redeemer, in, 533 First Baptist, in, 510 First Congregational, in, 518 First English Lutheran, in, 530 First Free Methodist, in, 526 First German Baptist, in, 512 F'irst Methodist Episcopal, in, 523 First Presbyterian, in, 513 First Universalist, in, 530 First Ward Methodist Episcopal, in, 522 First Ward Presbyterian, in, 512 Fourth Baptist, in, 512 Fourth Presbyterian, in, 516 Furman Street Methodist, in, 525 Geddes Congregational, in, 522 Geddes Methodist Episcopal, in, 524 Good Will Congregational, in, 521 Grace, in, 531 Holy Trinity, in, 537 Immanuel Baptist, in, 511 INDEXES. 523 Syracuse, church, La Fayette Avenue Methodist Episcopal, in, 526 Memorial Presbyterian, in, 517 Nelson Street Methodist Episco pal, in, 526 New Beth Israel, in, 538 of Christ, in, 530 of St. John the Divine, in, 528 of the Assumption (Roman Cath olic), in, 533 Olivet Baptist, in, 512 Olivet Methodist Episcopal, in, 526 Park Avenue Methodist Protest ant, in, 528 Park Central Presbyterian, in, 515 Plymouth Congregational, in, 520 Reformed Presbyterian, in, 520 St. James's, in, 527 St. John's Evangelical Luth eran, in, 530 St. Joseph's (French Catholic), in, 537 St. Joseph's (German Catholic), in, 536 St. Lucy's (Roman Catholic), in, 536 St. Mark's, in, 532 St. Mary's (Roman Catholic), 'in, 534 St. Patrick's (Roman Catholic), in, 536 St. Paul's, in, 527 St. Paul's Evangelical Lutheran, in, 533 St. Peter's German Evangelical, in, 531 Salem's, of the Evangelical So ciety, of, 531 Second Branch of the Evangeli cal Association of the City of, 532 Seventh Day Adventists, in, 537 Society of Concord, the, in, 537 South Avenue Congregational, in, 522 The, of St. John the Baptist (Roman Catholic), in, 535 The German Evangelical Luth eran Zion's, in, 532 The Reformed (Dutch), in, 528 Trinity, in, 528 Unitarian (May Memorial), in, 529 University Avenue Methodist, in, 525 Wesleyan Methodist, in, 526 Syracuse, church, Westminster Presbyte rian, in, 517 Woodlawn Evangelical, in, 533 Zion Methodist Episcopal, in, 527 city budget in 1895, 491 city debt in 1868, 470; 472, 473, 476, 478, 479, 483, 485, 487-489 city hall, new, 483, 487 "City Improvement Society" of, 480 city incorporation, discussion of, 457 et seq. city poorhouse, 542 City Water Works Company, 504 et seq. Committee of Ninety-six in, 477 Committee of One Hundred on water supply, in, 484 Company," the, 411 comparative business of, in 1825, 412 condition of, from 1827 to 1830, 418 et seq. contracts, condemnation of method of letting, in, 484 Daily Courier, 566 Democrat, 564 depot, removal of old, in, 471 description of, in 1828, by E. W. Leavenworth, 432 different names of, 402, 407 draft in, 468 Duguid Saddlery Company, in, 592 early business locations in, 419 educational institutions of, 545 et seq. Erie Canal, effect of, on, 405 Evening Herald, 567 Evening News, 569 Fayette street sewer in, 470 Federal Company, the, in, 584 final naming of, 408 financial crisis of 1857 in, 464 fire commissioners of. list of boards of, 498 fire companies in, list of, 498 fire company, members of the first, in, 416, 494 Fire Department, 493 et seq. establishment of, in, 479 incorporation of, 495 reorganization of, m 1850, 495 reorganization of, in 1877, 496 volunteer, dissatisfaction with the, 463 524 INDEXES. Syracuse, fire engine, first, in, 415 fire in first ward of, in 1856, 464 fires in, in 1856, 463 first blacksmiths in, 403 first child born in, 401 first consideration of city incorpora tion in, 453 first franchise for water works in, 408 first mills in, 401 first name of, 401 first postmaster and post-office in, 408 first school house in, 410 first settlers of, 400 first tavern in, 402 Fourth of July celebration, first in, 409 Francis Baumer's Wax Candle Works in, 592 Franklin Library and Institute in, 560 Frazer & Jones Company in, 592 general history of, during the war, 467 growth of, during the century, 1074- 1076 heavy snowfall in, in 1864-5, 470 High School, 553 High School building in, 470 history of, from 1870 to the present, 471 Home Association, 542 Homoeopathic Medical Association, 397 hook and ladder company, first, 416 House of the Good Shepherd in, 544 House, -the first, 411 Howard Furnace Company in, 592 improvements in, between 1850 and 1860, 466 on south side of canal in, 411 in 1853-54, 462; in 1856, 463; in 1857, 464; in 1858-59, 466; in 1860-62, 467 ; in 1863, 468 ; in 1864-67, 470 ; in 1870-71, 472; in 1872-73, 473; in 1874, 474; in 1875, 475; in 1876, 476; in 1877, 476 et seq. ; in 1878, 479 ; in 1879-81, 480 ; in 1882-83, 481 ; in 1884, 482; in 1886-87, 484; in 1888, 487 ; in 1889-90, 488 ; in 1891- 92, 489; in 1895, 491 its birth and early growth a. matter of accident, 405 Jerry rescue, the, in, 460 Journal, 565 J. F. Pease Furnace Company in, 592 Syracuse, Keble School in, 557 La Fayette, visit of, to, 415 Leavenworth Park, establishment of, in, 463 Library and Reading Room Associa tion, 453, 560 "Library Hall "in, 560 libraries, 559 et seq. licenses in, early, 413 Malleable Iron Works, 592 manufacturing establishments in, 591 et seq. Marvin block, the, in, 421 mayors of, 492 measures to improve healthfulness of, in 1821-22, 410 Medical College, 380 merchants, list of, between 1820 and 1825, in, 416 " Montgomery Institute" in, 546 Moyer Wagon Works in, 592 Municipal Club of, 482 naming of streets in, by the Syracuse Company, 418 newspaper, the first in, 411 newspaper, second, in, 417 newspapers, defunct, of, 572 et seq. Northern Christian Advocate of, 570 Northern railroad, 472 Onondaga Creek, appointment of committee to straighten the, in, 470 Onondaga Demokrat of, 571 Onondaga Pottery Company in, 592 Paragon Plaster Company in, 592 " Parish Library" 559 Pierce, Butler & Pierce Manufactur ing Company in, 592 police commissioners, list of boards of, in, 503 Police Department, 499 et seq. police duty, first, in, 416 policemen, first, in, 500 police justices, list of, in, 503 police, list of chiefs of, in, 502 police system, improvement of, in 1856, 464 police system in, measures for im proving the, 500, 501, 502 Post, 569 postmasters of, list of, 577 post-office, 575 et seq. establishment of free delivery in, 576 population of, 577; in 1870, '75, and '80, 471 press of, 563 et seq. Pressed Brick Company, 592 INDEXES. 525 Syracuse, public improvements in, ex penditures for, in 1893-4, 490 inaugurated by General Leavenworth, 459 public meeting to consider taxation in, 477 real estate operations in, growth of, 487 religious services, early, in, 509 Rescue Mission, the, in, 540 Reveille, 564 railway between Salina and, 417 St. Joseph's Hospital in, 543 salaries of city officials of, in 1871, 472; 479, 485, 488 sale of salt lands in, in 1854-55, 462, 463 Salina street in, 403 salt as the foundation of the pros perity of, 589 salt in, fruitless efforts in boring for, 586 salt in, statistics of manufacture of, 588 salt industry in, 583 salt industry in, decline of the, 591 salt leases in, 587 salt manufacture in, early, 584 salt works in. under State control, 585 Sanderson Brothers' Steel Company in, 591 school buildings in, statistics of, 555 School Bulletin, of, 571 school in, first, 545 school libraries in, 560 "School, Mayo's Church Street High," in, 547 school teachers in, first public, 553 schools, additions, improvements and changes in, 553 et seq. charter amendments relating to, in, 551 in, early, 546 measures to devise a system of, in, 551 public, 548 et seq. public, attendance of, in 1895, 556 small-pox in, 475 Society for Mutual Instruction in, 560 Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, 542 Solvay Process Company in, 592 Standard, 563 steam fire engines, first, purchased by, 470 Syracuse, Straight Line Engine Company in, 592 street railroad, first, in, 467 street railroads in, 468, 469, 473, 486 streets in, condition of, in 1825, 414 naming of, in, 413 Sunday Morning Times of, 570 Sweet's Manufacturing Company in, 591 the " convention city," 303 theater, first, in, 459 truant school, 556 Trust and Deposit Company of, 582 Tube Works, 592 Twelfth Regiment, return of the, to, 468 University, 557 et seq. village, building of public market in, 446 business of, in 1830, as shown by newspaper items, 434 business interests of, in 1840, shown by newspaper items, 454 Bradley Carey's reminiscences of, 440 cemetery changes in, 453 census of, in 1829, 433 change of names of streets in, 457 charter, revision of, 443 cholera in, 440; cholera victims in, 442 conditions required of railroad companies by, 452 erection of prominent buildings in, 443 events of importance in, between 1842 and 1847, 457 et seq. extinction of Yellow Brook in, 447 first railroad of, 446 from 1825 to 1830, 417 et seq. German immigration to, 448 gunpowder explosion in, 455 importance of the period, 1825- 30, to, 435 in the " patriot war," 451 in 1833, 442 <- incorporation of, 412 lawlessness in, 457 leading men of, prior to 1830, 436 et seq. list of residents of, prior to 1826, 438 night watch established in, 457 officers, activity of, 412 et seq. order to lay sidewalks in, in 1830, 433 526 INDEXES. Syracuse village, parks and squares in , 447 period of growth of, from 1830 to 1847, 440 police measures adopted by, 453 political campaign of 1828 in, 439 population of, 440 prediction of Judge Forman con cerning, 448 "Protection Company" of, 439 schools, 548 et seq. second railroad in, 452 street paving in, in 1834-5, 444 the dry dock in, 439 the financial crisis of 1836-7 in, 444 the " village green " in 438 water pipes first laid in, 457 volunteers, first, from, 467 volunteers from, in 1862, 468; in 1864, 469 Walton tract in, 400, 411 wards, new, created in, 475, 490 water question in, 488 water supply in 484, 487 legislation concerning, in, 504 plans for, in, 506 Salmon River scheme of, in, 507 Skaneateles Lake adopted for, in, 508 steps to secure better in, 472 water works, 504 et seq. steps leading to municipal ownership of, in, 506 Weekly Express of, 570 Wesleyan Methodist, the, of, 570 West Shore Railroad in, 481 ¦ Western State Journal of, 565 Wheaton block, the, in, 462 Whitman & Barnes Manufacturing Company in, 591 Wieting block, burning of the first, in, 463 second, burning of, in, 481 Young Men's Christian Association, 540 Taber family, the, 715, 717 Talbot, Elias T., 542 Tallcott, Richard, 1002 Tallman, Charles, 462, 477 Tappan, Wallace, 767 1109 Tappen, Gabriel, 735 John, and family, 715; 722 Stephen, 721 Tariff agitation in 1842, 288 Taylor, Henry, 285 Othniel, 188, 204 William, Dr., 276, 278, 280-282, 287, 779, 784 & Co., James, 422 Teall, Oliver, 206, 229, 231, 289, 318, 408, 423, 495, 504, 547, 552 Sarah Sumner, Mrs., 1093 Timothy, Dr., 772, 790 William W., 575, 582 Tebeau, Joseph, 567 Tefft, E. T., 430 Lake I., Dr., 363, 374; sketch of, 385 Nathan R., Dr., 245, 363, 364; sketch of, 384 Telegraph, introduction of the, 239 Telephone, the, 259 Temperance movement, the, 289 Ten Broeck, Peter, 843 Ten Eyck, Henry, 257 Territorial divisions in 1789, 189 Terry, Frank W., 319 John G., Capt., 1042, 1044 Terwilliger, James, 566 Thayer, Joel, 283, 987, 1002, 1005 John, 811 Salmon, Dr., 360 Thibault, B. C, Rev., 537 Thomas, E. L, Dr., 1035 Phila Case, Mrs. , 1093 Thompson, Andrew Y. , 464 Cyrus, founder of " Thompsonian " medical system, 1045 Elizabeth, Mrs. (" Chinquipin"), 1092 John, 97* Thurber, Edward G., Rev., 516 Paschal, 419, 441 Samuel, 553 Tibbals, Daniel, Dr., 392, 611 Tibbitts, Daniel, Dr., 360 Tilden, Samuel J., 294 Tinkham, Daniel, Capt, 907 Titus, Silas, Col., 244, 245, 1107 Todd, George B., Dr., 244 Toll, Charles H., 313, 735 De Witt C., 319 Totman, D. M., Dr., 377, 378, 544 Tousley, Roswell, 270, 337 Sylvanus, 428, 775, 783 Sylvester. 337 Towns, erection of, 225 settlement of, 190 Townsend, Edward, 515 Isaiah, 411 John, 411 Socrates, 799 INDEXES. 527 Townships of the Military Tract, 10 Tracy, Gilbert, 193, 265 James G., 582 O. V., Col., 246, 1105, 1107 M. de, 79 Urial, 268 W. G., 1106 Transportation in 1800, 19* rates, early, 453 Treadwell-Redfield, Anna Maria, Mrs., 1091 Treasurers, county, 309 Treaties with the Indians, 175 Treaty at Fort Stanwix, 173 of Ghent, 214 Tripp, David, 770 William W., 1043 Troops, call for, of April, 1861, 242 of May, 1861, 243 of July, 1862, 245 of August, 1862, 246 of October, 1863, 249 of February, 1864, 249 of March, 1864, 250 of July, 1864, 251 of December, 1864, 253 Trowbridge, John F., Dr., sketch of, 386 - Seth and Samuel, 891 Truair, George G., 566 John G. K, 566 Thomas S. , 566 Truesdell, John W., 569 Tryon county, 131 Tubbs, Josiah, 874 Tully Lake Park, 903 Pipe Line Co., 904 Times, 902 town of, -Central New York Assem bly at, 903 churches in, 896 first town meeting and officers of, 893 Hamilton and Skaneateles turnpike through, 895 lakes in, 892 Methodists in, the, 899 military lots in, 889 mills, early, in, 895 pioneer life in, 892 pioneers of, 890-898 population of, 904 prominent residents of, 898 reduction in territory of, 893 Revolutionary soldiers in, 168, 891 salt works of the Solvay Process Co., in, 904 schools in, 902; early, 894 statistics of, in 1824, 897; in 1836, 898 ; in 1845, 899 Tully, supervisors of, 894 Syracuse and Binghamton railroad m 900 territory constituting the town of, 889 turnpikes in, 897 Vesper in, 897 village, business and business men of 901 incorporation and presidents of, 901 St. Leo's Catholic church in, 902 settlers of, 894 Turnpike companies, 215 Turnpikes, 230 Tuttle, Elisha, 282 Oliver, 923, 924 Tyler, Comfort, 184, 185, 191, 193, 198, 200, 201, 204, 215, 265, 267, 320, 334, 335, 608, 638, 840-842, .844, 845 Job, 318, 843 Samuel, 200, 267 "Underground railroad," the, 1079 Underwood, Sarah J., Miss, 1093 Union League of America. 1085 meetings in 1860-61, 241 University, Syracuse, 258 Upham, Cyrus, 315 Upson, Benajah C, 751 Utensils of early peoples, 25 Vail, Aaron, 898 Van Benschoten, Nathan, '428 Van Brocklin, Nicholas, and family, 622 W. W.,1110 Van Buren, Harmon W., 428,437, 453, 515, 518, 580 H. W., Mrs., 518 Van Buren, town of, Baldwinsville in, 729 Bangall in, 728 Baptist church in, 735 " Barns's Corners" in, 722 Canton (Memphis) in, 735 Christian church in, 736 Congregationalists in, 736 Corners, postmasters at, 725 first town meeting in, 734 highways of, 724, 725 in the war of 1812, 721 Indian occupation of, 712 influence of the canal upon, 727 list of propertv owners in, in 1825, 731-734 litigation over sales of military lots in, 711 "McHarris's Rifts" in, 719 528 INDEXES. Van Buren, "Macksville" in, 727; im provements in, 729 manufacturing industries in, 730, 731 Methodists in, 737 military lots in, 709 mills in, 727, 728 necessities of the pioneers of, 716 organization of school districts in, 723 pioneers of, 713-723 politics in, 727 poll list of, in 1807, 718 population of, 737 postmasters at Memphis and at Warners, 726 Presbyterianism in, 736 prominent holders of military claims in, 711 roads, opening of, in, 722 Roman Catholics in, 737 routes of immigrants to, 716 sale of military claims in, 710 schools of, 723 > " Smith's Academy " in, 729 supervisors of, 726 tobacco growing in, 737 territory constituting the town of, 708 topography of, 711 Vanderkemp, Francis, 186 Van de Warker, Ely, Dr., 363, 376, 379 Van Duyn, John, Dr., 363, 376, 379, 545 Van Epps, John, 427 Van Heusen, Henry, 425 Van Patten, Andrew, 421 A. N., 427, 440, 442 Van Schaack, Henry C, 356 Van Schaick, Colonel, 139, 142 Van Slvke, I. N, Dr., 363 Van Vl'eck, Isaac, 194, 201, 334, 583, 774; and family, 934; 937,940 Matthew, 231, 275, 949 Vann, Irving G., 327, 330, 342, 480 Varv, Charles R., 288 Vau'dreuil, M. de, 125 Vernon, Leroy, Mrs., 1093 " Vigilance committees " in politics, 278 Villiers, Thomas J., Rev., 510 Volkmann, Margaret Hicks, Miss, 1092 Volunteers, relief of families of, 248, 250 Von Land berg, Alexander, 571 VonSchultz, S., Gen., 451 Voorhees, James L., Col., 279, 284, 287, 318, 457, 750 Vote of 1800 for senators, 265 Vredenburg, William J., Col., 215, 267, 985 Vrooman, David, 1042 Wadsworth, James, Gen., 188, 189 Joseph, 850 Waggoner, George H. , 579 George and Peter, 451 Wallbridge, Heman, 513 Heman and Chester, 423 Walker, Benjamin, 199 E. S., 1034, 1035 Timothy, 891 Wallace, Daniel, sr., and family, 908 Edwin R., 1096 Elisha F., 420, 437 John, 874 S. R., Rev., 520 William J., 320, 333, 473 Walrath, E. L., Col., 244 Walton, Abraham, 400, 401, 406 tract, sale of the, 406 tract, second sale of, 407 Walworth, John, 193, 266 Wampum, 36 War committee, 245 of 1812, 202 et seq. meeting of 1862, 245 Ward, James A., 764 May, 764 Wardwell, Daniel, 818 Warne, Henry E., 316 Warner, C. C, 314 Newell P., Dr., 379 Seth, Amos and Heman, 720 William H., 487, 508, 1107 Wars and disturbances, list of, 1070 Waterbury, A. H., 25 Waterfalls, 13 Watson, John, 283, 331 Wattles, James O., 146 Way, Peter, 333 Weaver, George M. , 1034 Webb, Henry T., 987 Jabez, 845 James, 273, 274, 313 James, Judge, 431 Judson, 857 Webber, Frederick W., Rev., 528 Webster, Ephraim, 36, 176, 181, 183, 335, 400, 838-840 Weed, Hiland, Dr., 363 Smith, Dr., 360 Thurlow, 778, 858, 1094 Weeks, Henry A. , Col. , 244 Weiser, Conrad, 101, 102, 106, 111 Welch, EmmaC, Miss, 1092 Walter, 496 Wells, Asa, Col., 273, 276; and family, 623 Benjamin E., 568 Ebenezer, 717 INDEXES. 529 Wells, Elijah, and family, 621 John, 319 J. Emmett, 260 Levi, 286 Lucien B., Dr., 392, 629 Luke, 331, 342, 1083 Westcott, Amos, 242, 467 Western Inland and Lock Navigation Company, 215 Union Telegraph Co., 1088 Weston, Irving A. , 1032 Wetmore, Amos, 189 Wheadon, Samuel C, 1005 Wheaton, Augustus, 318; and family, 622 Charles A., 291, 462, 519, 552 Elmore, 882 Horace, 229, 282, 288, 452, 462, 464, 629 Horace and Charles A., 429 Wheeler, Cravton B., 681 E. M., 1034 Hayden W., 785 Jared, Dr. , sketch of, 382 Thomas, 584, 941 Whigs, the, 281 White, Andrew D., 304, 571, 579, 1095 George, 747 Hamilton, 245, 450, 451, 458, 495, 504, 551, 579 Hamilton S., 497, 1106 Harold, 275 Horace, 238, 239, 321, 450, 451, 543, 579 Horace, 561 Horace K, 257 Howard G. , 565 H. N., 341 Joseph, and family, 662 Mabel T., 542 Nathaniel M., 333 Whitestown, the town of, 189 Whiting, Henry, 215 Whitlock, John R., 3 1 9, 477, 478 Whitney, Orla F. , 579 Wicks, Edward, 621 E. B., 436, 441, 468, 543 John B., 582 & Co , E. B., 421 Wickes, William K, 553 Wieting, John M., 257, 450, 462, 477 Mary Elizabeth, Mrs., 1091, 1106 Wilcox, Asel, 1021 Asel F., 1021 John, 142, 596, 962 Samuel, 779, 1021 Wilcoxon, Gideon, 273, 691 Wilkin, Harriet D., Mrs., 1093 Wilkins, W. L., 761 Wilkinson, Alfred, 987, 1097 John, 228, 229, 231, 237, 238, 279, 295; sketch of, 348; 407, 40H, 417, 431, 443, 447, 453, 458, 495, 504 551, 575, 579 Sarah, Miss, 1093 Willard, David, 275, 276 Willett, Marinus.Col., 137,139,144, 268,270 Willetts, Joseph C. , 987 ' Willey, Joseph M., 1043 Williams, David, 204, 205, 608; and brothers, 623 Eleazer, Rev., 1055 E. A., 341 Francis H., 580 Gurdon, 230 Ira, 543 Ira H., 458 Irvin H., 299 Jared C, 317, 899, 1083 John, 341 Mather, Dr., sketch of, 386, 425, 431, 527, 546 Nathan, 783 Tabor D., 624 Williamson, Charles, 198, 199 Willis, Samuel, 319 Williston, Charles F., 300, 430, 442, 460, 464, 581 Othniel, 527 Wilson, Ebenezer, 406 James, and family, 713 John, 874 J. William, 581 Robert, 268. 775 William, 750 751 W. DeL., Rev., 532 Winchell, Alexander, 559 Winegar, Marcus, 883 Winton, William, 436, 466 Wolfe, General, 124 Woman's Relief Corps, 1084 Women, the place of, in the history of the literature of the county, 1091-1093 Women's and Children's Hospital, Syra cuse, 489 Wood, Alonzo, Capt., 1082 Benjamin, 205 Daniel, 353, 610 Daniel P., sketch of, 350; 468, 581, 583. 629 George W., 609 Ira, 496, 497 James, 205 Noah, 458, 551 Thaddeus M., 205, 206, 216, 222, 267, 268,274, 332, 336; sketch of, 313; 409, 420, 845, 847 ; and family, 848 ; 851, 857 530 INDEXES. Wood, Walter, 193, 266, 334 Woodruff, Jason C, 425, 427, 461, 501 Woolworth, Richard, 296, 331, 343 Worden, Calvin, 779 D. C, 282 Walter, and family, 792 Worker, Hamlet, 1108 Wright, A. M., Prof., 987 Benjamin, 220 Charles R., 322 Daniel, 621 Josiah, 423 Martha Bridgeman, Mrs. , 1093 Rial, 286, 589 Samuel, 527 Truman K. , 701 Walter S., Rev., 526 . Wyman, John F., 420, 458, 563 Wynkoop, Robert G., 581 Yard, Joseph A., 316 Yellow Brook, final disposition of, 447 Yelverton, A., 318 Yeo, James L., Sir, 209-214 Yoe, R. A., 494, 552 " Yonnondio," 54 Yorkey, John, 316, 581 Young, Henry, 423 John, 215, 400, 1020 Joseph W., 507 Peter, 843 Younglove, Truman G., 881 Zeisberger, David, 106, 107, 108 Zimmerman, Jeremiah, Rev., 530, 1107 Zinzendorf, Count, 106 v Zoller, Father Bonaventura, Rev. , 534 Zouaves, Butler's, 243 PART II-BIOGRAPHICAL. Abell, Flavel L., Ill Allen, Alexander H, 164 Alvord, Thomas G., 15 Amos, Jacob, 157 Andrews, Charles, 178 Andrews, John Y., 69 Baldwin, Charles B. , 203 Barnes, George, 84 Beauchamp, Howard C, 202 Beauchamp, William M., Rev., 155 Belden, Augustus Cadwell, 171 Belden, James Jerome, 170 Bibbens. Clarence H., 207 Bingham, Augustus W. , 61 Brand, William F., 210 Brooks, James B., 110 Bruce, Dwight H., 114 Burdick, Edward H., 154 Burdick, Hamilton, 138 Burhans, Henry N., 30 Burns, Peter, 131 Campbell, Alexander J., Dr., 158 Campbell, George T., Dr., 29 Clark, Asahel K., 160 Clark, Elizur, 90 Clark, Charles P., 155 Clark, Henry H., 150, Part III Clark, Seneca E., 160, Part III Cogswell, William B., 13 Cole, Charles C, 58 Comstock, George F., 175 Cook Family, The, 144 Cornell, Charles P., 208 Cossitt, Rufus, 167 Cotton, George G., 56 Davis, Richard R., 210 Didama, Henry D., Dr , 9 Donohue, Florince O., Dr., 55 Duell, Charles H., 19 Duguid, Henry L., 37 Duncan, William A., 213 Frazee, James, 159 Gere, Robert, 169 Gifford, Henry, 74 Goodelle, William Prevost, 133 Graves, Maurice A., 32 Graves, Nathan F., 60 Hall, WillT., 205 Hanchett, Reuben C, Dr., 26 Hancock, Theodore E , 12 Heffron, John L., Dr., 117 Higgins, Alfred, 23 Hiscock, Frank, 140 Hiscock, Frank H., 187 Howlett, Alfred A. , 63 Hoyt, Ezekiel B., 127 Huntington, Frederic D., Rt. Rev., 21' Jacobson, Nathan, Dr., 142 INDEXES. 531 Jenkins, Arthur, 195 Jenney, Edwin S., Col., 219 Jewett, Freeborn G , 173 Jones, William A., 198 Judson, Edward B., 53 Kendall, James V., Dr., 151 Kennedy, George Nelson, 183 Kirkpatrick, William, Dr., 143 Kyne, John L., 204 Lawless, Michael J., 161 Leavenworth, Elias W., 112 Legg, John, 165 Leslie, Edmund Norman, 162 Longstreet, Cornelius T , 109 Loomis, Henry H., 130 McClary, Charles E., Dr., 24 McEvers, William F., 160 Mclntyre Family, the, 91 McLennan, Peter B., 186 Magee, Charles M., Dr , 73 Maine, Frank L. , 206 Markell, Peter V., 153 Marlow, Frank W., Dr., 29 Marsellus, John, 64 . Marvin, William, 48 May, Samuel J., Rev., 7 Mercer, Alfred, Dr., 11 Mills, Frank B., 31 Moir, Edward, 166 Moore, John J., Dr., 33 Morgan, Le Roy, 177 Moseley, Daniel, 172 Munro, D., 25 Munro, David A,, 345, Part III Munro, David A., jr., 36 Nash, John F., 199 Nichols, Charles 28 Northrup, Milton H., 194 Nottingham, John, Dr., 21 Noxon, James, 181 Peck, John J., Gen., 106 Peters, Nicholas, sr., 70 Pierce, William K, 17 Poole, Theodore L., 105 Potter, J. Densmore, Dr., 167 Pratt, Daniel, 174 Ranney, Luke, 39 Raynor, George, 216 Redfield, Lewis H., 189 Robbins, Moses B., 199 Rodger, William C, 45 Roe, Cary A., 209 Ruger, William C, 182 Sadler, Ambrose, 43 Sampson, Ernest S. , Dr. , 62 Sawmiller, Ignatius, 34 Saxer, Leonard A., Dr., 27 Sheldon, J. W., Dr., 122 Sherman, Isaac N. , 163 Slocum, Henry W., Gen., 99 Smith, Carroll E., 192 Smith, Vivus W., 191 Sniper, Gustavus, 46 Stacey, Alfred' E., 67 Stephenson, John C. , 200 Sullivan, Napoleon B., Dr., 51 Sumner, Edwin V. , Gen. , 1 Sweet, John Edson, 85 Tefft, Nathan R., Dr., 97 Thayer, Joel, 222 Thorne, Chauncey B., Rev., 42 Totman, David M., Dr., 54 Truair, John G. K, 21 Vann, Irving G., 184 Wallace, William J., 180 Weeks, Forest G., 128 White, Andrew Dickson, 75 White, Hamilton, 125 White, Horace, 121 White, Howard G., 197 Wieting, John M., Dr., 100 Wilson, William, 148 Wood, Daniel P., 118 Wyckoff, Jonathan G., 219, Part III PART III-FAMILY SKETCHES. Abbe, Hart, 211 Abbott, Addison, 220 Abbott, Asa H., 287 Abbott, E. P., 288 Abbott, Lewis Bradley, 97 Abbott, William E., 401 Aberdein, Robert, Dr., 467 Ackles, Sam el, 244 Adams, Herbert A., 168 Adams, Lorenzo Wentworth, 169 Adams, Udelmer C, 385 Adsit, J. Russell, 288 Adsit, Lewis P., 289 Adsit, Theodore, 97 532 liSfbEXES" Agan, Patrick H., 442 Ainslie, John F., 127 Alden, S. H., 97 Aldrich, Bruce S., 492 Aldridge, Edmund H., 5 Alexander, Eugene H., 289 Alexander, Smith, 158 Allen, Elbert F., 386 Allen, Frederick W., 122 Allen, Henry C, 4 Allen, Irving W. , 133 Allen, Joseph, ?88 Allen, Nathan D., 169 Allis, Augustus G. S., 3 Alpeter, George H., 54 Alvord, Grove E., 170 Alvord, Isaac R., 385 Alvord, Richard Warren, 203 Ames, Austin O., 132 Amidon, Cheney, 117 Amidon, Fayette, 290 Amidon, George, 290 Amidon, Hanry F., 290 Amidon, J. D., 287 Amidon, Lewis, 290 Anderson, Alanson J., 203 Anderson, James, 287 Anderson, William Cushman, 54 Andrews Brothers, 386 Andrews, Burnett B., 288 Andrews, John Y., 139 Andrews, Robert W., 5 Anthony, Albert G. , Dr. , 289 Anthony, J. M., 127 Armstrong, Ethan, 169 Armstrong, H. T., 287 Armstrong, Jacob S. , 289 Armstrong, James C, 287 Auer, Michael, 422 Austin, Henry, 235 Austin, Orland J., 236 Avery, Darius C, 133 Avery, H. L., 288 Avery, Lewis J., 203 Ayling, William J., Dr., 385 Babbitt, Charles L. , 391 Babcock, R. A., 487 Babcock, Theodore, Rev., 485 Bachman, Chas., 343 Badgley, Coburn, Dr., 285 Badgley, Jacob R. , 281 Bagg, C. C, 280 Bagg, Thomas A., 224 Bailey, Bingham N, 38 i Bailey, Charles H, 279 Baird, Henry L., 281 Baker, Charles H. , 203 Baker, Edward V. , 282 Baker, Frederick J., 9 Baker, Warren, 203 Balcomb, John J., 275 Ball, Anthony, 492 Ball, Fred A. M., 8 Ball, George A., 388 Ball, Jacob P., 281 Ball, Nicholas, 389 Ballard, William J., 275 Bangs, EliT., 283 Banning, Walter E., 389 Barber, John A., 236 Bardwell, Irving W., 277 Barker, Benjamin F., Rev., 274 Barker, George E., Dr., 276 Barker & Leonard, 276 Barnard, James G. , 149 Barnard, Rufus G., 278 Barnes, Elias D. , 255 Barnes, John W. , 7 Barnes, Orson, 286 Barnum, William L., 451 Barrett, H. E., Prof., 7 Barrow, John D., 274 Barry, James A., 412 Bartels, Herman, 55 Barton, Frank L., 281 Barton, Irving W., 281 Bass, William H., 486 Bates, Malvern S., 281 Baum, Benjamin F. , 274 Baumgras, Ophelia P., Mrs., 56 Bausinger, John G., 133 Beard, Beach, 171 Beach, William Austin, 434 Beahan, James, 283 Beauchamp, W. M., Rev., 99 Becker, James, 159 Beebe, Arthur, 384 Beecham, P. H., Rev., 286 Beecher, Robert Macolm, 326 Belden, Charles G., 389 Belden, James M., 56 Belknap, Samuel F., 57 Bell, Ephraim J., 279 Bell, George, 277 Bell, George M., 172 Bellen, Wiliam J., 285 Bellinger, James F., 98 Bench, James, 273 Bender, John O. . 283 Benedict, A. C. Dr., 390 Benedict, Albert T. , 384 Benedict, James A., 280 Benedict, Newton F., 280 Bennett, George E., 297 Bennett, J. B., 118 Indexes'. 533 Bennett, James O., 117 Bennett, L. C, 244 Bentley, Floyd F., 286 Bentley, Russell, 255 Berry, John J., 387 Berry, Matthias, 224 Bethka, A. C, 282 Bettinger, Aaron A., 127 Bettinger, James E., 127 Betts, Samuel T., 442 Bibbens, Stewart S., Dr., 387 Bierhardt, John E., 7 Bigelow, Gustavus A., 98 Bigelow, Payn, Col., 97 Bingham Augustus W. , 255 Bisdee, Edward L., 98 Bishop, Marshall A., 159 Bishop, Thomas, 159 Bishop, William, 282 Blair, Charles C, 6 Blanchard, J. F., 8 Blanchard, J. R. , 98 Blaney, D. Webster, 280 Blaney, Henry C. , 279 Blaney, John J. , 148 Blaney, Seward H., 275 Bliss, William Y., 276 Blodgett, Andrew Burr, Prof., 57 Blodgett, Frank H.. 413 Blumer, Edward G , 5 Blumer, John P., 281 Blumer, William E., 5 Blynn, Frances, Mrs., 274 Bockes, Dennis. 237 Boggs, Henry H., 889 Boland, Frederick, 171 Bondy, Joseph, 24 Bonsted, Marvin, 392 Bostwick. Edward M. , 57 Bowen, Edgar, 212 Boynton Bros.(Frank C. and Fred L.)447 Bramer, Lewis, 147 Brand, Cassius M., 384 Brand, Frederick, 388 Brewer, Sylvester, 325 Brigham, Frederick L., 8 Bright, William J., 273 Brill, George M. , 6 Britton, Israel E., 390 Broad, William G., 212 Brockway, Charles Tiffany, 342 Bronson, Sela M , 282 Bronson, William A., 99 Brooker, John E., 263 Brower, Hiram C. , 56 Brown, Frank, 282 Brown, Jacob, 285 Brown, James A. , 170 Brown, John, 284 Brown, J. L., 278 Brown, John Wing, 236 Brown, Melvin P., 278 Brown, Orrin W., 173 Brown, Philip G., 386 Brown, Robert, 237 Brown, U. Higgins, Dr., 58 Brown, Willard E., 9 Brown, William E., 278 Browne, L. Harris, 128 Brownell, Wm. N. A., 6 Brummellkamp, P. J., 8 Bucher, Peter, 172 Buck, L. F., 286 Buechner, Gottfried, 173 Buell, Howard B., 387 Bunzey, Eliza A., Mrs., 128 Burdick, Daniel Webster, Dr , 387 Burhans, William E., 285 Burnham, Alvah, 133 Burns, Willis B., 475 Burroughs, Seymour H., 220 Burroughs, Smith, 276 Burt, Arthur T., 281 Burt, Charles M., 277 Burt, henry, 413 Bush, Ferdinand E., 159 Butler, John, 278 Butler, Thomas I., 275 Biittner, Peter, 383 Button, S. K, 274 Butts, Rueben Lee, 170 Cady, Hiram P.. 394 Cady, William J., 395 Caldwell, William, 404 Callender, Francis R. , 266 Campbell, Fred P., 268 Candee, William W., 134 Card, Samuel H., 264 Carhart, Nicholas, 176 Carhart, Peter S., 174 Carpenter, Fred C. , 140 Carpenter, Henry S., 267 Carpenter, John Munro, 1 1 Carpenter, Major, 233 Carr, Parker Starr, 272 Carr, Sullivan A., 250 Carson, James C, Dr., 58 Case, Frederick H., 265 Case, Isaac, 268 Case, John, 220 Case, Seymour, 265 Cashman & McCarthy, 59 Casler, George S. , 263 Chapman, James S. , 238 Chapman, Nathan Randall, 174 534 INDEXES. Chase, Barndwill, 272 Chase, B. F., Dr., 264 Chase, H. B., 250 Chase, Henry M., 11 Chase, Henry W., 150 Cheney, Augustus B. , 128 Cheney, Stephen, 176 Clancy, James E., 10 Clancy, John R., 59 Clark, Ansel K, 160 Clark, C. W., 269 Clark, Edward W., 392 Clark, Elijah Park, 270 Clark, Erastus, 266 Clark, George B., 212 Clark, Henry H., 150 Clark, Hiram, 149 Clark, Isaac R. , 255 Clark, Jerome, 267 Clark, Lyman W., 150 Clark, Myron H., 269 Clark, Napoleon B., 270 Clark, Perry W., 427 Clark, Seneca E., 160 Clark, William H., 266 Clary, Patrick J., 10 Cleaveland, Lewis S. 213 Clement, Ozias, 271 Clift, Joseph Forman, 213 Clinton Pharmaceutical Co., 394 Clough, William A., 267 Coakley, Michael. 118 Cobb, William, 204 Coe, Ralph E., 272 Cole, Charles M. , 175 Cole, Henry L., 161 Cole, Jerome J., 160 Cole, John, luO Coleman, James D., 401 Collin, David, 329 Collins, Edwin. 398 Collins, John, Dr., 317 Collins, John R., 394 Collins, S. P., 149 Collins, William H., 128 Colton, Charles Erastus, 435 Congdon, Charles A., 234 Connell, L. W., 100 Connelly, Jeremiah R., 395 Conover, S. D., 270 Conrad, Charles H., 269 Cook, George A., 173 Coon, Daniel De Forest, 203 Coon, Nathaniel, 175 Cooper. David B., 11 Corey, Millard F. , 268 Cornell, M. E., 264 Corning, Edwin A., 263 Corning, Marion E., 122 Cossitt, Davis, Major, 264 Cottle, William G., 140 Couch, Orel D., 269 Coughtry, Jacob W., 263 Cowie, William, 405 Cowles, Theodore S. , 265 Cox, F. & H., 425 Craig, Abram, 244 Cramer, Jacob, 273 Crane, Merritt, 263 Crawford, John A. , 100 Crego, Allan, 269 Crego, Ira L., 269 Crock, Betheser, 486 Cropsey, Smith D., 271 Crossett, William W., 11 Crossley, Jesse, 224 Crouse, Charles Edward, 455 Crouse, Lee, 255 Crowell, Howard Horton, 9 Crum, Thomas B., 270 Cuddeback, George D., 238 Cummings, Joseph W., 264 Curtis, Alonzo Mead, 139 Curtis, James L., 204 Curtiss, Leonard, 134 Curtiss, Milton A., Dr., 175 Cushing, Samuel R., 122 Dakin, G. A., 61 Dalton. Thomas W., 61 Daniels, Willard W., 238 Danziger, Henry, jr., 14 Davey, Edward J., 295 Davis, D. H., 292 Davis, Warren, 256 Davis & Brennan, 438 Dawley, William W., 176 Daye, John, 291 Dearman, Alfonzo, 294 De Gan, Sirephan A., 61 Delanv, James, 291 Deline', Oscar, 292 Delong, George, 486 Denison, Howard P., 477 Denton, A. L., 358 Devine, James 12 Devoe, Stephen D., 454 Dewey, W. A, 292 Dewitt, Hiram, 239 Dewitt, M. C, 239 Dey Brothers & Co., 483 Dey, Donald, 484 Dey, James G. S. , 484 Dey, Robert, 483 Dibble, O. G., Dr., 225 Diffin, Charles, 293 INDEXES. 535 Dixon, Edward, 101 Dixon, Isaac, 291 Dixon, John J., 1 ly Dixon, Willi -vm H., 256 Dodge, Daniel. 161 Dodfae, Le Grand, 12 Dodge, Levi W. . 315 Dolan, T. Frank, 60 Donahue, Maurice H, 205 Dooley, Joseph, 14 Doolittle, James H., 13 Dorchester, Reuben, 291 Dorschug, John, 128 Dorwin, Lyman C. . 297 Doust, Alfred G.. Dr., 444 Doust, Isaac U., 13 Downer, Ezra Pierce. 405 Doyle, Gregory, Dr., 452 Doyle, John F', 14 Drake, Edward, 12 Driesback, Elizabeth, Mrs., 293 Drumm, Philip, 296 Drumma, Robert, 60 Dunbar, Seth, 292 Dunfee, John. 444 Dunham, Joseph, 100 Dunham, Horace S. and Homer, 129 Dunham, Rufus, 296 Dunlop, Robert, 291 Dunn, Patrick John, 60 Durston, Alfred A.. Rev., 408 Dwelly. John P., 296 Dwyer, Dennis, 151 Eadie, Frank, 294 Eager, Tames \V., 436 Earlef William L., 446 Earll, Andrew Jackson, 295 Earll, J. Horatio, 239 Eastwood, Nelson P.. 123 Eaton, Norris, 295 Ebeling, Frederick, 178 Eckel, Peter, 435 Ecker, John A., 179 Eddy, Emerson J., 454 Edwards, Amos S.. Dr., 63 Edwards, Hiram K, 134 Edwards, Hiram King, 338 Edwards, Samuel H., 205 Eells, Nathaniel, 403 Egan, Thomas W. , 63 Eldridge, John, 294 Ellis, A. D., 135 Ellis, Rodney M., 293 Emens, Harriet Dada, Dr., 15 Emerick, Martin H., 101 Emerson, Albert W., 102 Emmons, Edward N., 122 Emmons, Frank P., 179 Engelhardt, Francis E.. 62 Erkenbeck, Sanford, 295 Erkenbreck, Stephen, 178 Esser, John C. , 476 Estev, Lester, 251 Evans, Charles R., 293 Evans, David, 101 Evans, Reuben, 239 Everson, David, 178 Everson, Elizabeth H., Mrs., 123 Everingham, Albert, 297 Exner, Fred J., 15 Fabing, Casper, 180 Failing, Josiah, 303 Fairbanks, Erwin, 304 Fairchild, Merritt B., Dr., 483 Fairchild, William, 103 Fallcr, Joseph, 19 Fancher, Ira, 123 Farmer, William S. , 17 Farnham J. A., 140 Farrington, Frank J., jr., 16 Farrington, William Sherman, 17 Fay. E. C, 302 Feelev &- Durkin, 392 Fellows, Adelbert C. , 303 Fellows, George R., 303 Felter, William A., 161 Fenner, Elias B., 213 Fenner, F. William. 102 Fenner, James R., 225 Ferris, Daniel V., 16 Ferris, I- . A., 136 Ferris, Gideon C, 135 Fickeisen, George, 257 Finkbeiner, George, 444 Fischer, George, 300 Fisher, Charles J., 441 Fisher, Elmer E., 256 Fisher, Fred L., 103 Fitch. Louis Benjamin, 239 Flanigan, John R. , Dr., 16 Fleming, Lorenzo D., 18 Flint, Edward H., Dr., 477 Foote, F. G., 447 Foreman, Charles, 18 Foster, Artemas, 103 Foster, Isaac H., 303 Fout, John F., 301 Fowler, Elisha S.,412 Fowler, John Curtis, IN Fowler, Maxwell T., 214 Fowler, Moses, jr., 213 Fox, Royal E. , 96 Fralick, J. P., 17 Frawley, Matthew G. , 256 536 INDEXES. Frazee. Eliphalet V... 102 Frazee, lames, 102 Freeman. Hoyt II., 409 French, Ashbel, 220 French, D. Webster, 151 Friedel. William, -13* Frier. David, 1*0 Fry, William, 135 Fuller, Truman K., 6-1 Fulmer, George H.. 17 Furbush, William II., 10-1 Gale. Leander, 440 Galliuger, .Noah \V., 151 Gallinger, Reuben, 152 Gallinger, S. R. & F., 152 Galloway. Henrv. 304 Gallup. William' II., 66 Gamble, John, 492 Gang. Charles II.. -143 Gardner, Fred D., 1*0 Garlock. Hiram, 1*0 Garrison, William C. . 141 Gates, A. R.. 168 Gates. Ansel W.. 104 Gavlord, Grenville M . ll!l Gaylord, J. A., 104 Gaynor, John F., Col., 466 Geddes, George, 360 Genung, Benjamin M., Dr., 124 Cere, David M., 40* Germ. Frederick J.. 20 Gerthoffer, Oliver. ".02 Gibbons, P. J., Dr.. 427 Giddings, David 11, 30-1 Gifford, Genucius C. 452 Gifford. Sidney Brooks. 60 Gill, Francis B., 19 Gillett Brothers, 104 Gillett. Edson D., 240 Gillett, Nathaniel M.. 1*1 Gillis. Albert R., 19 Glass. Edgar P., 42* Glen, Willard A., 20 Glismann, John C 67 Goolev, Philip E., 456 Gorha'm, Aaron, 21111 Gorke, Herman J., 399 Gower, John, 304 Graham, A. G., 299 Graham, Hugh, 251 Grannis, George D., -104 Graves, Maurice A., 66 Gregg, John, 301 Gieelev, George H., Dr., 19 Green,' CUapin H., 431 Green, Douglas Norval. 65 Green, Job,"304 Greene, Robert E., 300 Greene. William II. S., 152 Greenfield, De"-;'t C. !!'¦"> Greenleaf, Larlo-,T.. Dr., 123 Gridlev, Daniel Webster, 1*1 Gridlev. Francis W.. 20 Griffin'. John E.. 205 Griffin. Patrick J., 400 Grimes. John, Rev.. -14* Griswold", John 1).. 431 Grove. Horace S.. 3112 Grover. Eugene M., 396 Grumbach, Nicholas, Col.. 424 Haar, George, 1*2 Hale. George. 30* Hale. |ohn'l.. 306 Halev." John" T., 23 Hall.' Arthur C. 31:1 Hall, Arthur F.. 24."". Hall, Charles C . 69 Hall. Charles K., 310 Hall. Harvev, 141 Hall, Horace G., 305 Hall, Warren K.. 311 Hamilton, John. 313 Hamilton, J. Lawrence, 39* Hamilton, William L., 153 Hamilton. Walter Wessel. 61 Hamlin, James M.. 313 Hamlin. Prosper S. , 313 Hauehett. Milton Waldo. 319 Haner. Andrew, 129 Hanford, George C. 21 Hannam, George. 310 Hapgood. Charles II., 153 Hardisty, George II.. 43* Harrigan, John J , 21 Harrington, Almon \V.. 257 Harrington. Martin. 257 Harrower, P. W.. 3(15 Hart, Henry J., 463 Harter, lames, 1*2 Harter. Patrick. 30* Harvev. lob. 312 Harwood, George B., 240 Hawkins. Edward T.. 416 Hawley, George. 106 Hawley, George. 25* Ilawlev, 1. 1 >eau. Gen.. 70 Hay, 1'uli'a. Mis . 3,13 Hayden. Daniel E., 42o Haves, Ephraim D., 226 Haves. William C. 490 Havfortl. C. I)., 251 Hayford. Frank C. 252 Haynes. William, 257 Hazard, Frederick Rowland, 41: INDEXES. 537 Ilav.ard, John. 310 Headson. Lester i' . 3n.". Ile.Uh. Williar.i, :',12 Heise. |oh-a, 23 Hell.-., "Allien, 1*4 Helmer. Fremont D.. 44* Hencle, Frank C, 310 Henderson, James. 314 Heiidrieks. Francis, 4*2 Ilenlev, B. ]., 22 Ilenrv". S. Madison. 20 Hessler. Hollister E., 72 Ilickev. John. 311 Hildenbrandt, Charles J.. 470 Hill. I', Franklin, 3(111 I 111!. D. Munro, 393 1 1 ill. Evcrard Allen. 39* Hill. lames L., 447 1 1 ill. "loseph. 307 1 1x11. William R.. 71 Hinsdale. Alfred L.. 119 Hinsdale. David II.. 1*3 Hinsdell, I'errv II.. 234 Hipkiiis \- Smi'th. 441 Uncock, William. 161 Hisley. Charles. 399 Hitchcock, Charles A.. 21 Hitchings. Grant G.. 310 Hitter. Ilenrv. 309 Hoag. Charles. :',o7 Ih.ag David S.. 3ns Hodge. Lotan S . 124 Ilofmann. Leo J., 453 Hogan. Patrick" W., 450 Hogan, Thomas. 450 Hohes. Matthew J.. 22 HoUenbeck, Frank A.. 179 Holihan, James. 311 Hol/.worth, l-:dward A., 1*3 Honker, Frederick, Dr., 23 Hooper. Samuel C. 2o."> Hopkins, Samuel L., 234 Hopkins, William E., 459 Hopkins cV Bondy, 24 Horton, Alsan W., 30."". Hotaling. G. H. cv A. T., 105 Houck. John, 252 House, Rufus, 36* Howard, Hiram. 105 Howard, John J . 1*2 Hoyt. George L., 162 Hovt, Guernsey, 221 Ilovt, Harrison, 462 Hubbard, Daniel S., 306 Hubbell, Theron S., 141 Hubbs. Alexander H., 69 Hueber, Louis, 1*3 Hughes Brothers, 475 pi'P Hughes, John E., 312 Hulbert. John R., 309 Humphrey, George Wilmot, 226 Hungerford. Henry G., 312 Hunt, Charles, 305" Hunt. Edmund. 309 Hunt. ICdmund. 305 Hunt. George W., 214 Huntley, William, 313 Hurd, Charles, 227 Hyde. Horton A.. 6* Ilvde, Salem, 455 hie. Charles E., 72 Ide, Francis, 321 Ingoldsby, Maynard, 25* Irish, Osbert E., 142 Isbell, Charles, 25* Jackson. Melville. 490 James, Edwin, 438 James, Job, 321 Javne. William, 3.21 Johnson, Hector Brost, 473 Johnson, Henry P., 322 Johnson, Peter. 323 Johnson, Stephen G., 322 Jones, Allen M., 322 Jones, James D., 240 Jones, William, 162 Jones, Zenus A., 227 Joy, lCdward, 45* Joyce, Thomas, 214 Judson, Lester, 221 June, Martin, 321 Kaple, J. D., Dr., 325 Kearney, William, 453 Keeler,"Denuis B., 464 Keller, James H., 325 Keller, Joseph, 439 Kelley, James M., 325 Kelley, Thomas, 324 Kelley, William, 74 Kellogg. Daniel, 324 Kellogg, John, 241 Kelly, Joel F., 259 Kelly, T. D., 325 Kendall, Stephen, 322 Kennedy, Bradford, Sons& McGuire, 422 Kennedy, John C, 206 Kennedy, Thomas, 258 Kennett', John R., 428 Kent, Ira, 142 Kent & Miller, 456 Kenyon, George G., 74 Kenyon, Jacob C, 106 Kenyon, Thomas C, 215 INDEXES. Ketcham, Charles H., 441 Ketc'': "i. C'.'.-.rlotte E. and Sarah, 119 Kierler brothers, 24 Kimber, James, 136 Kimber, William A., 136 Kimman, Edward J., 417 King, Caleb E., 323 King, Charles, 325 King, Charles W., 419 King, Elisha, 489 King, John L, 426 King, V. Leroy, 215 Kingsley, Cyrus H., 322 Kinnally, Timothy, 489 Kinne, Arthur B.'Dr., 26 Kinne, Elbridge, 136 Kinney, Warren J., 221 Kipperle, Andrew. 323 Kippley, Charles, 184 Kippley, Oliver, 357 Kline, Eugene J., 73 Kline, Jay B., 407 Klink, Adam, 26 Klink, William T. , 465 Klopfer, Simon, 25 Knapp, E. H., 154 Knapp, Henry J., 469 Knapp, J, Wiltsie. Dr., 474 Knapp. Thomas P., 154 Knapp, William H., 154 Knapp, William Mead', 25 Kneeland, Jonathan, Dr., 417 Kohles. Michael. 26 Kortright. Jacob L.. 324 Kratzer, Rumont, 490 Kraus, Kilian. 443 La Due, Duane, 259 Laird, Charles W., 142 Lake. O. F.; 331 Lamerson, Sears, 259 Lane, John A.. Dr . 433 Lanigan, Daniel M.. 74 Lankton, Alonzo, 143 Lansing, H. H., 328 Lansing, William, Col., 331 Larkin. Albion J., 259 Larkin, James W., 124 Lathrop, Charles G., 215 Latnrop. Daniel N., 2S Lauma, Adam, 27 Lawrence, J. Warren, 129 Lawrence. Porter D., 330 Leach, Mortimer W.. 32* Leahy, Thomas, 334 Leamy, Patrick, 2* Leamy, Thomas, 397 Lees, James, 330 Leet, Charles. 229 I eonard, William H.. Dr., 270 Lc.c, Harrison. 106 Levy, Levi, -149 Lewis. Abram, 461 Lewis, Benjamin V. , 22* Lewis. Edward. 1*5 Lewis, Samuel H.. 27 Lewis, Sidney, 333 Listman, Adam C 76 Little. J. H., 107 Lockard. Charles A.. 331 Loehr. Longinus, 462 Loftie. Henry, 476 Lonsdale & Enright. 77 Loomis. Edwin L.. 463. Loomis, I. N. . 227 Loomis. Lorenzo, 1*4 Loomis. Luther M.. -329 Loomis. Newell E.. 76 Loos, William, 136 Lonergan, Stephen J.. 489 Lord, John E., 330 " Loveless. Robert. 331 Lowrie, John B.. 22* Luckey, G. X., 107 Ludington. James S. , 463 Luddington. Lucien, 333 Lyboult. John H.. 119 Lyman Brothers. 458 Lyman. Frederic A., 75 McArthur, George A., 334 McArthur, Wirth & Co., 80 McBridc, Charles E,. 422 McCansey, Charles, 246 McCarthy. Calvin. 136 McCarthy, Eugene, So McCarthy. D. & Co.. 406 McCarthy, Michael L.. 39* McChese'ey, Albert E., 69 McClelland, Eugene B.. 7* McClure. Hiram, 336 McCoy, William K. 29 McCrahon, John H.. 31 McDonnell. George L.. 32 McDowell. Edwin, 395 McEvers. William F., 154 Mclntyre, George W., 163 McKinley. Gilbert. 341 McLyman, Nathan, 1*7 McMullin, Walter, 109 McNaughton, James. 336 McOueen. R. Bruce, 129 McVey. Joseph H., 45* Mabee, Ambrose S.. 3.32 Mabie, Oliver, 1*0 Macdonald, Manville M., Dr.. 32 INDEXES. 539 Mackeyes, Edwin L., 215 Maddicks, John S., 79 Magee, Daniel B. , 32 Magee, Walter Warren, 29 Mahlerwein, George, 31 Maine, Marvin T., 186 Malcolm, John B., 336 Mann, John H. & Co., 431 Manufacturers' Supply and Tool Co., The, 417 Mara, Michael M. , 33 Markell, Peter V., 143 Marlette, C. C, 215 Martin, Barnet, 107 Martin, L., Dr., 108 Martin, Mary L., Mrs., 336 Martin, Nelson L., 337 Marvin, Fred A., 340 Marvin, George W. , 259 Mason, Amos Louis, 460 Mason, Charles E., 341 Mason, H, D., 155 Mason, James S., 245 Mason, Jerome, 246 Mason, Wilbur W., 187 Maxson, John, 245 May, Richard B., 206 Maynard, George L., 465 Maynard, O. C, 32 Mead, Charles H., 340 Mead, John W., 336 Mead, William H., 414 Meads's Business College, 477 Mengel, Jacob D., 333 Mercer, George G. , 341 Merriam, Thomas, 480 Merrill, Andrew J., 206 Merrill, James Watson, 207 Merriman, Charles J., 120 Mertens, Yann & Garnett, 80 Michael, Nicholas C, 235 Milford, Charles R., 241 Miles, J. Monrovia, 155 Millard, Ira W., 253 Miller, Aaron B. , Dr. , 451 Miller, Erastus, 337 Miller, George, 488 Miller, Victor, 395 Mills, George C, 206 Mix, Charles W., 473 Moffitt, John H., 79 Mogg, Cornelius, 124 Mogg, L. N., 207 Molloy, Thomas, 30 Mooney, Edward L., Dr., 30 Moore, Henry Frank, 30 Moore, John, 334 Moore, La Fayette T., 187 Moore, Thomas Atherton, Dr., 188 Morgan, Carter C, 488 Morgan, Henry, 252 Morgan, Henry B., 330 Morgan, Le Roy A., 162 Morley, T. C. , 340 Morris, Edwin, 334 Morris, William F., 108 Morse, Harvey, 327 Morton, Hugh, 207 Morton, Johnson E., 334 Moser, Charles P. , 78 Moulter, Oliver W., 186 Moulton, O. G., 462 Moulton, William, 341 Moulton, Willis G., 341 Mowris, James A., Dr., 163 Moyer, Harvey A. , 479 Muench, William, 31 Mullany, John F., Rev., 478 Mundy, Ezekiel Wilson, Rev., 77 Munn. J. B., 107 Munro, "David A., 845 Munro, David A.', jr., 119 Munro, Family, the, 298 Munro, John C, 300 Munro, JohnS., 120 Munro, Thomas H., 334 Munroe, E. C, 108 Munroe, George W., 328 Munson, Jerod G. 222 Munson, Willis W., 222 Murphy, Thomas F., 30 Murray, Blake A. , 185 Murray, John J., 416 Myers, Mary C, Mrs., 333 Nash, Henry A., 349 Neal, William H. H., 460 Neal, William Wallace, 353 Negus, Frank J., 345 Nellis, Francis David, 82 Nettleton, Albert E., 410 Newcomb, George Milton, 404 Newell, James E., 414 Newman, Carleton B., 229 Newman, Charles, 352 Nichols, Erwin F., 358 Nichols, John C., Rev., 80 Nichols, Oliver, 391 Nicholson, Enoch C. , 143 Nightingale, William, 348 Nims, Horace, Dr., 481 Nixon, James, 491 Nodine, William H., 33 Nolia, William, 358 Nolta, William H., 188 Northrop, Henry L., 429 540 INDEXES. Northrup, Clark L., 347 Northrup, Joel G., 207 Northway, Isaac, 346 Northway, William L., Dr., 348 Norton, Chauncey M., 345 Norton, Jabez H., 82 Norton, Permenas A., 246 Norton, Willard, 347 Nottingham, Edward, 81 O'Brien, Thomas, 260 Ochsner, M. H., 351 O'Connor, William, 83 O'Donnell Brothers, 33 Olcott, Eugene C, 451 Ormsbee, Henry Jerome, 399 Ormsbee, James A., 450 Ormsbee, Lucius J., 445 Osborn, David, 109 Osborn, Orrin, 354 Osborn, Ozias, 189 O'Shea, James F., Rev., 460 Otis, Edgar F., 400 Otis, Isaac C. , 491 Overacre, Daniel R,, 235 Pack, Charles L. , 34 Paddock, Philip H., 349 Padelford, M. E., 241 Page, Joseph N., 83 Page, J. Will, 450 Pakelnishky, Nathan J., 449 Palmer, Averv R. , 164 Palmer, Edwin, 230 Palmer Family, the, 189 Palmer, George W., Dr., 356 Palmer, Gideon M., 349 Palmer, Onias L., 352 Pardee, Amos R. , 351 Parish, John, 241 Park, Homer C, 164 Patten, George A. , 247 Patterson, Loren L., 349 Patterson, Marcus, 247 Paulk, Arthur, 130 Pearson, Thomas, 84 Pease, Frederick S., 354 Pease, Harvey C, 357 Pease, William, 231 Pease, William B., 230 Peck, Charles H., 35 Peck, De Witt C, 137 Peck, Duncan W., 437" Peck, Marquis L., 346 Peck, Sarah J., Mrs., 34 Peck, Wilbur S., 436 Peckham, Newton R., 468 Pendergast, Stephen, 110 Pendergast, Walter, 352 Penn, George, 465 Perkins, Lester, 354 Perkins, W. W., 352 Pettet, William Nelson, 355 Pfeifer, Peter, 355 Phelps, Dudley A., 351 Phelps, Samuel A., 35 Phelps, William R., 490 Phijlips, Job, 155 Phillips, John, 235 Phillips, John Henry, 430 Phillips, Willard J., 190 Pickard Family, the, 144 Pierce, D. L., 353 Pierce, James, 348 Pierce, Marsh C, 407 Pink, Jacob, 489 Plank, John T., 355 Plant, Byron, 489 Platto, Alexander F., 191 Platto, Frederick, 125 Plopper, Charles A. , 355 Plumb, George, 349 Plummer, Charles H., 34 Pollock, Joseph Cutler, 354 Pomeroy, Byron, 222 Porter, David, 109 Porter, Henry W., 110 Potter, J. Densmore, Dr., 230 Powell, Bernard, 348 Powell, Jesse F., 356 Powell, William J., 125 Power, Frank C, 33 Powers, John F., 353 Pratt Family, the, 485 Pratt, Henry Otis, 96 Preston Brothers, Patrick and John, 349 Preston, Thomas B., 352 Price, Edward T. and Joshua, 130 Price, John W., 164 Prosser, Julius C. , 457 Putnam, George W., 356 Quigley, Thomas W., Capt, 84 Quigley, William B., 351 Quinby, Theron E., Dr., 393 Quinlan, Dennis, 137 Quinlan, Patrick R., 414 Randall, Jonathan, 216 Ransier, James M. , 365 Rapp, Gustav Albert, 317 Rauch Furniture Co., 440 Rausch, John F. , 37 Reed, Colton J., 361 Reed, Hollister S., 362 INDEXES. 541 Reese, Evan F. , 130 Reese, James M., 361 Reeve, Hiram E. , 37 Reeves, Mark, 488 Reid, James T., 457 Reiley, Henry, 85 Remlinger, Nicholas, 192 Renehan, James J., 361 Reynolds, E. V., Dr., 391 Reynolds, Niles, 231 Rhodes, Almon E., 362 Rhodes, Thomas, 208 Rice, Edwin, 223 Rice, J. J., 368 Rice, Smith, 367 Rich, Curtis L., 208 Richman, Charles L. , 191 Richman, Franklin W., 364 Rickard, John, 144 Rider, Arthur B., 36 Rockefeller, Abram, 367 Rocks, F. W., 155 Rogers, Charles R., 369 Roosevelt, Frederick; 362 Rosenthal, Gates L., 453 Ross, Benjamin C, 235 Rounds, Asahel, 165 Roundy, Uriah, 248 Rowland, Frank B. , 191 Rowland, W. Scott, 362 Rugg, William S. , 110 Rumrill, C. S., 488 Russell, Archimedes, 415 Russell, Arthur B., 433 Russell, Charles H., 216 Russell, George H., 36 Rutherford, William, 209 Ryder, Philip S., 416 Ryan, Patrick J., 461 Ryan, Peter Lawrence, 35 Ryan, W. A., Rev., 120 Sager Family, the, 424 St. John, Ballou & Co., 46 Salg, Abram, 375 Salisbury, Charles F. , 145 Sandford, Abraham D., 38 Sandford, G. S., 39 Sanford & Elliott, 400 Sarr, Frank L., 210 Sarr, James, 210 Saunders, William F. , 41 Sawyer, Frank H. , 46 Sawyer, George C, 448 Sawyer, James Emery Cochrane, 42 Scammell, Harrison O., 373 Scammell, Haskell B., 374 Schenck, Irwin V. , 397 Schepp, Frederick, 193 Schillinger, William, 40 Schilly Brothers, 37 Schnauber, Frank J., 42 Schoonmaker, Frederick T., 486 Schoonmaker, Gilbert, 156 Schuck, Frederick A., 424 Schuyler, William S. , 249 Schwartz, Isaac, 85 Schwarz, Adolph H., 86 Schwarz, Jacob, 456 Schweizer, Henry, 138 Scott, Thomas H., 126 Scott, William H. H., 86 Scoville, Elijah U., 196 Scoville, Wilfred M., 40 Sears, Fred L., 260 Sears, George H., 90 Seeley, George T., 209 Selleck, James L., 369 Seymour, Joseph, Sons & Co., 406 Shallish, Jerre, 374 Shandorf, Jacob, 195 Shandorf, John, 192 Share, I. A., 209 Seely, Erwin, 375 Shaver, Peter, 371 Shaw, George H. , 373 Shea, J. R., Ill Shea, John T., 42 Sheffel, Ira W., 371 Shepard, George H., 125 Shepard, J. Wesley, 130 Shepard, Norman O. , 432 Shepp, Mark, 375 Shepp, Nicholas, 487 Sheppard, James, 37 Sherlock, Michael F. , 451 Sherwood, Addison B., 372 Sherwood, 2d, Bradford, 137 Sherwood, Edward Duane, 121 Sherwood, George I., 120 Sherwood, Joseph M., 442 Sherwood, L. R., 370 Shoemaker, Abram, 377 Shove, Benjamin J., 85 Shrubb, John, -370 Simmons, Albert W. , 145 Simon, Charles, 471 Simon, John, 377 Sinclair, F. A., 242 Sinclair, Finlay P., Dr., 116 Single, John. 41 Sizeland, Charles W., 491 Skeele, Irving D., 300 Skiff, Charles H., 372 Skiff, George T., 372 Skinner, John T., 112 542 INDEXES. Skutt, George A., 145 Slayton, James M., 253 Slingerland, Israel Madison, Dr., 192 Sliter, John D., Mrs,, 90 Slocombe, Sidney, 209 Slocum, F. W., Dr., 120 Smart, Alexander M., 87 Smingler, August, 89 Smith, Anson, 378 Smith, Cornelius W., 455 Smith, David L., 373 Smith, Edward C. , 87 Smith. Edwin M., 370 Smith, E. Reul, 241 Smith, Frederick W., Dr. 411 Smith, James Henry, 375 Smith, J. William, 88 Smith, Leonardo D. V. , 422 Smith, Loren L., 373 Smith, Lucien E., 113 Smith, Maynard, 369 Smith, Millard F., 110 Smith, M. H., 110 Smith, O. Duane 196 Smith, Piatt H., 194 Smith, Ray B., 89 Smith, Richard L., Ill Smith, Sylvester, 374 Smith, William Brown, 473 Snavely, Oliver, 372 Snavlin, Charles T. , 46 Sneller, Jacob, jr., 371 Snook, Clark, 376 Snook, Wallace W., 193 Snow, Charles M., 261 Snow, Charles Wesley, 409 Snow, Orrin J., 416 Snyder, Peter, 194 Snyder, Zachariah, 376 Soldan, Charles G. , 44 Solomon, Samuel D., 44 Somers, J. Dean, 261 Soper, Bradley W. , 44 Soper, William S., 95 Sotherden, James, 369 Soule, Alexander C, 459 Soule, C. M. 371 Soule, Nathan, 371 Spalding, George W. , 217 Spaulding, S. Alonzo, 260 Spencer, Frank M. , 463 Spencer, Orlando P., 376 Sprague, Benjamin D., 261 Squire, Erskine, 151 Squires, John J., 374 Stacey, Richard M., 242 Stalker, Peter, 369 Standart, John L. , 45 Stanton, Samuel, 248 Staring, Benjamin F., 194 Start, Augustus, 397 Stearns, Benjamin A., 165 Stearns, John N., 210 Stebbins, Edgar C, 156 Steele, Herbert A. , 445 Stephens, Henry F., 342 Sterns, Charles L., 131 Stevens, Lyman A., 472 Stevens, Richard F. , 370 Stevens, W. T., 145 Stevenson Lucius A., 39 Steves Reuben, 120 Stewart, James, 372 Stillman, Albert A. , 43 Stilwell, C. A., 372 Stilwell, Giles H.," 87 Stilwell, Lamont, 85 Stinard, Alfred F., 430 Stinard, Frank H., 45 Stinson, Martin, 401 Stocking, Isaac C, 232 Stoddard, Charles E., 46 Stokes, James, 372 Stolp John, 216 Stolz Jacob, 88 Stoup, James R. , 38 Strong, Carlos A., 217 Stuckey, George, 210 Sutherland, Bert W., 232 Sutter, George, 196 Suydam, S. C, 113 Sumner, Robert T, 487 Sweet, Benjamin F., 125 Sweet, James, 249 Sweet, William A., 408 Swift, Isaac Rev., 138 Taber, Warren, 363 Talmage, Lewis, 367 Tallcott, Edwin C. , 429 Tappan, Lemuel, 261 Tappan, Wallace, 114 Tappan, Willard H., 113 Tator, James M., 366 Taylor, George L., 197 Taylor, Judson J. , Dr. , 91 Teall, William W., Col., 47 Tebeau, Joseph F., 91 Tefft, William, 86 Temple, Henry T., 364 Terpenning, Edward A., 363 Thayer, William D., Dr., 156 Tholens, John A., 472 Thomas, Albert, 165 Thomas, Asahel, 396 Thomas, Edgar, 366 INDEXES. 543 Thomas, Otto A., Dr., 439 Thomas, William Horace, 49 Thompson, E. V., 233 Thomson, Frederick W.' 50 Thorn R. F., 168 Thorne, Chauncey B. , 243 Thorpe, William C, 121 Tiffany, Henry, 138 Tilden, Willet H., 218 Tillotson, James W. , 364 Tobin, Michael, 262 Tobin, William N., 461 Tolman, Harvey P., 217 Toll, Dewitt C, 113 Toll, T. Mitchell, 114 Totman, David Maydole, Dr. 49 Town, RichardS., 433 Townsend, Lemuel S., 197 Tracy, Osgood V., 411 Tracy, William G., 92 Tripp, Gilbert H., 197 Trowbridge, Robert C. , 253 Tucker, Charles F. , Dr. , 146 Tucker, James, 218 Tucker, Patrick, 218 Tuffley, Henry, 363 Tullar, Simon R., 146 Turner, Dewitt C, 114 Turner, Uriah, 363 Turner, William H., 217 Turtelot, Vance, 47 Tyler, Jared W., 145 Tyrrell, John O., 47 Tyrrell, Thomas, 50 Upson, J. W., 115 Upson, Linus P., 365 Van Alstine, Chauncey, 121 Van Alstine, Duane, 367 Van Alstine, John A., 121 Van Benschoten, E. S., 218 Van Bergen, A. H., 366 Van De Mark, Jacob, 198 Van Denburg, A. H., 50 Van Denburgh, Howard W., 166 Van Epps, James M., 131 Van Heusen, Stephen, V. R., jr., 445 Van Hoesen, Jacob, 262 Van Schaick, Charles H., 198 Van Schaick, William F., 138 Van Wagner, Albert, 51 Vernon, Leroy M., Rev., 92 Vickers, Thomas McE., 51 Vincett, Mortimer G. , 457 Virgil, William, 366 Voorhees, J. L., 115 Waffle, Burdett,- 381 Wakefield, Frank M. , 439 Walch, Charles J., Dr., 457 Walier, Joseph, 443 Wallace, Wilson M., 158 Waller, John E., 243 Wallis, Edward G., 158 Wallon, August J., 433 Walrath," Alfred, 52 Walrath, John H., 53 Walrath, Marcus C. , 202 Walsh, Thomas, jr., 378 Walsh, Thomas C, Dr., 432 Wands, Edward H. , 200 Wands, Harrison, 492 Warner, Charles M., 471 Warner, Joseph H. , 383 Waterbury, Isaac C. , 51 Waterhouse, Edwin R., 132 Waters, Louis L. , 53 , Waters, William B., 94 Watts, John P., 147 Weaver, Caius A. , 421 Weaver, Joseph, 243 Weaver, Lewis, F., Dr., 468 Webster, Howell N., 157 Weeks, Charles E. S. , 404 Weidman, Charles, Dr., 378 Weis, Abram, 381 Welch, Walter, 51 Weller, Spencer, D. , 167 Weller, Stephen H., 167 Weller, William W., 379 Wells, Cornelius, 380 Wells, Edwin M., 52 Wells, Erwin E., 379 Wells, Samuel J., 350 Welsh, Robert, 211 West, 'Dennison S., 417 West, Lucy M., Mrs., 487 West, Orlando C, 419 Weston, Dwight H., 139 Weston, Homer, 52 Wetsel, Christopher, 131 Wheaton, Charles H.,,157 Wheaton, Elmer H., 121 Whedon, George D., Dr., 94 Wheeler, Horace, 199 Wheeler, Russell B. , 382 Wheelock, Ralph R., 381 Whelan, C. A., & Co., 400 Whitcomb, Charles F., Rev., 132 White William B., 211 Whiting, Nathan, 126 Whiting, Nathan, 393 Whitney, Sumner, 383 Wicks, Thomas T., 378 Wilbur, Nelson, Dr., 202 Wilcox, Asel F., 335 Wilcox, Benjamin F., 219 544 INDEXES. Wilcox, Charles A. , 219 Wilcox, Mary L., 379 Wilkins, J. T., 397 Willard, Charles A., 116 Williams, John S., 379 Williams, Joseph, 200 Williams, Samuel, 223 Willis, Samuel, 380 Wilson, David, 223 Wilson, Edgar Norman, 53 Wilson, J. William, 449 Wilson, William A., 219 Wiltsie, Frank A., 211 Winchell, Martin, 254 Winchell, William C, 380 Winnie, H. D„ 380 Winter & Smith, 439 Wirth. Maurice, 492 Woerner, D. C, 379 Wolcott, Clarence E., 419 Wolcott & West, 418 Wood, Charles W. H., 199 Woodford, D wight B., 52 Woodford, Israel L. , 233 Woodford, Justus Monroe, 211 Woodmansee, Joseph, 254 Wood's, Reuben, Sons Company, 415 Woods, Thomas, 430 Woodward, Ephraim E., 200 Woodworth, Alvah, 202 Woodworth, Andrew J., 93 Woodworth, Perry F., 249 Woolsey, Henry O., 166 Worden, Charles A., 382 Worden, J. C. 201 Worden, Palmer, 199 Worden, William, 139 Wormuth, Solomon, 168 Worst, George J., 93 Worth & Allmang, 441 Wraught, Albert Bassett, 400 Wright, Ebenezer C, 166 Wright, Herbert B., Dr., 243 Wright, John B-, 381 Wright, Silas W., 167 Wright, Truman K, 147 Wright, Warren M., 379 Wright, William W., 131 Wyckoff. Jonathan, 219 Wynkoop, Jonathan G., 434 Yoe, Richard A. , 95 Young, J. R., Dr., 367 Young, Peter J. , 132 Zinsmaster, Christian, 367 Zinsmeister, Andrew, 54 Zinsmeister, John 440 PORTRAITS. Abell, Flavel L., facing 111, Part II. Allen, Alexander H., facing 164, Part II Alvord, Thomas G., 584, Part I Amos, Jacob, facing 493, Part I Andrews, Charles, 179, Part II Andrews, John Y., facing 69, Part II Baldwin C. B., 203, Part II Baldwin, Jonas C. , 743, Part I Barnes, George, 84, Part II Beauchamp, Howard C, 202, Part II Beauchamp, William M. , Rev., facing 759, Part I Belden, A. Cadwell, facing 581, Part I Belden, James J., facing 478, Part 'I Bibbens, Clarence H., 207, Part II Bingham, Augustus W. , facing 61 , Part II Brand, William F., 219, Part II Bruce, Dwight H., frontispiece Burdick, Edward H., facing 154, Part II Burdick, Hamilton, facing 138, Part II Burhans, Henry N, facing 30, Part II Burns, Peter, 132, Part II Campbell, Alexander J., Dr. facing 158, Part II Campbell George T., Dr., facing 391, Part I Clark, Asahel K, facing 712, Part I Clark, Charles P. , facing 582, Part 1 Clark, Elizur, 90, Part II Clark, H. H., facing 882, Part I Clark, S. E., facing 971, Part I Cogswell, William B., facing 592, Part I Cole, Charles C, facing 702, Part I Collin,. David, 329, Part III Comstock, George F., 176, Part II Cook, Ele, facing 144, Part II Cossitt, Rufus, facing 850, Part I Cotton, George G., facing 56, Part II Davis Richard R., 210, Part II Denton, A. L. 358, Part III Didama, Henry D., Dr., facing 364, Parti Donohue Florince O., 55, Part II INDEXES. 545 Duell, Charles H., facing 546, Part I Duguid Henry L., facing 507, Part I Duncan, William A., facing213, Part II Edwards, Hiram K, 338, Part III Forman, Joshua, 220, Part I Frazee, James, facing 761, Part I Gaynor, John F., 466, Part III Geddes, James, 221, Part I Gere, Robert, 169, Part II Gifford, Henry, 74, Part II Goodelle, William P., facing 134, Part II Granger, Amos P., 422, Part I Graves, Maurice A., facing 32, Part II Graves, Nathan F., 60, Part II Hall, Nathan K., 1005, Part I Hall. Will T., 205, Part II Hanchett, Reuben C, Dr., facing- 26 Part II Hancock, Theodore E., facing 310, Part I Heffron, John L., Dr., facing 379, Part I Higgins_, Alfred, facing 464, Part I Hiscock, Frank, 141, Part II Hiscock, Frank H., 188, Part II Hotaling, W. H., facing 874, Part I House, Rufus, 368, Part III Howlett, Alfred, A., 63, Part II Hoyt, Ezekiel B., facing 1012, Part I Huntington, Frederic D., Rt. Rev., facing 557, Part I Jacobson, Nathan, Dr., facing 376, Parti Jenkins, Arthur, 196, Part II Jewett, Freeborn G., 173, Part II Judson, E. B., 53, Part II Kendall, James V., Dr., facing 767, Part I Kennedy, George N., facing 183, Part II Kirkpatrick, William, Dr., 143, Part II Knapp, H. J., 469, Part HI Kyne, John L., 204, Part II Lawless, Michael J., facing 645, Part I Leavenworth, Elias W., 112, Part II Legg, John, facing 991, Part I Leslie, E. Norman, facing 979, Part I Longstreet, Cornelius T., 109, Part II Loomis, Henry H., facing 130, Part II Mabee, Ambrose S., 332, Part III McClary, C. E., Dr., facing 24, Part II McEvers, William F., facing 160, Part II McLennan, Peter B., 186, Part II Mclntyre, Calvin, facing 94, Part II Mclntyre, Edward M., facing 96, Part II Magee, Charles M., Dr., facing 73, Part II Maine, F. L., 206, Part II Markell, Peter V., facing 153, Part II Marlow, Frank W., Dr., facing 29, Part II Marsellus, John, facing 64, Part II Marvin, William, facing 987, Part I May, Samuel J., Rev., 7, Part II Mercer, Alfred, Dr. , facing 373, Part I Mills, Frank B., facing 657, Part I Moir, Edward, facing 643, Part I Moore, John J., Dr., facing 33, Part II Morgan, Le Roy, 177, Part II Moseley, Daniel. 172, Part II Munro, David, facing 665, Part I Munro, David A., facing 666, Part I Munro, David Allen, jr., facing 36, Part II 6 Nash, John F., 199, Part II Nichols, Charles, facing 1016, Part I Nims, Horace, Dr., 481, Part III Northrup, Milton H., 194, Part II Nottingham, John, Dr., facing396, Parti Noxon, James, 181, Part II Peck, John J., Gen., 107, Part II Peck, M. L., 346, Part III Peters, Nicholas, sr., facing 450, Part I Pierce, William K, facing 17, Part II Poole, Theodore L. , facing 246, Part I Potter, J. Densmore, Dr., facing 167 Part II Pratt, Daniel, 175, Part II Ranney, Luke, facing 700, Part I Raynor, George, facing 216, Part II Redfield, Lewis H., 189, Part II Rodger, William C. , facing 706, Part I Roe, C. A. , 209, Part II Ruger, William C. , 182, Part II Sadler, Ambrose, facing 833, Part I Sampson, Ernest S., facing 62, Part II Sawmiller, Ignatius, facing 34, Part II Saxer, Leonard A., Dr., facing 27, Part II Sheldon, Jay W. , Dr. , facing 395, Part I Sherman, Isaac N., facing 163, Part II Slocum, Henry W., Gen., 99, Part II Smith, Azariah, 776, Part I Smith, Carroll E., 192, Part II Smith, Vivus W., 566, Part I Sniper, Gustavus, 47, Part II Stacey, Alfred E., facing 67, Part II Stephenson, J. S., 201, Part II Sullivan, Napoleon B., Dr., facing 51, Part II Sumner, Edwin V. , Gen., facing 1, Part II Sweet, John E. , facing 85, Part II Tappen, Gabriel, facing 735, Part I Teall, Oliver, 424, Part I Tefft, Nathan R., Dr., facing 859, Part I Thayer, Joel, facing 1005, Part I Thorne, Chauncey B., facing 42, Part II Toll, Abel H,, facing 719, Part I Totman, David M. , Dr. , facing 54, Part II Truair, John G. K, facing 566, Part I Tyler, Comfort, 842, Part I Vann, Irving G., 185, Part II Wallace, William J., 180, Part II Weeks, Forest G., facing 128, Part II 546' INDEXES. Wells, Samuel J., 350, Part III White, Andrew D., facing 304, Part I White, Hamilton, 125, Part II White, Horace, 121, Part II White, Howard G., 197, Part II Wieting, John M., Dr., facing 481, Parti Wilcox, Asel F., 335, Part III Wilkinson, John, 431, Part I Wilson, William, facing 751, Part I Wood, Daniel P., 119, Part II Wyckoff, Jonathan, facing 847, Part I ILLUSTRATIONS, ETC. Alvord Building, the old, in Syracuse, 939 Aunt Dinah, portrait of, 1068 Captain George, portrait of, 1065 ' Cook's Coffee House in Syracuse, 426 Depot, the old, in Syracuse, 471 East side of South Salina street in Syra cuse, about 1855, 593 First Baptist church, the original, in Syracuse, 509 First Congregational church, the, in Syracuse, 519 First M. E. church, the original, in Syra cuse, 523 First Presbyterian church, the original, in Syracuse, 514 Greyhound Tavern, the, in Syracuse, 419 La Forte, Daniel, portrait of, 1058 "Line House," the old, in Syracuse, 443 Manlius Village, view of, about 1840, 782 Mansion House, the, in Syracuse, 402 Map of Central New York in 1809, facing 196 Map of Chonaguen in 1756, facing 117 Map, De Lery's, of Oswego in 1727, facing 98 Map, early, of Central New York, facing 66 Map of Fort Brewerton and Blockhouse on Oneida Lake, 123 Map of Onondaga Reservation, facing 1049 Map of original Onondaga county and Military Tract, 5 Map of Syracuse in 1834, 445 Map of the Walton Tract, 404 Map, reference of Military Tract and sur rounding territory, 8 Marvin Block, the, in Syracuse, 420 Onondaga Arsenal and map of grounds of, facing 207 Ossahinta, portrait of, 182 Raynor Block in Syracuse, 430 Sacrifice of the White Dog, 1062 St. John's School for Boys, at Manlius, 788 Salina, view of, about 1840, 234 School House, the old, in Syracuse, 549 Site of the White Memorial Building in Syracuse, 451 Sites of Onondaga County and Syracuse Savings Bank Buildings, 427 Syracuse, view of, about 1840, 234 Tailpiece, 1113 Townsend Block, the, in Syracuse, 429 Webster, Thomas, portrait of, 1060 YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 9002 01315 7517