Yale University Litirary

39002013463816

ACQUIRED BY EXCHANGE

ARNOLD'S POINT
"The schooner. Royal Savage, was beached at Arnold's Point on Valcour
Island and abandoned on October ii, 1776. In the evening she was
boarded by the British and burned. Her hull was dragged out by subse
quent storms and may be seen to this day a short distance from the shore
through the ice in winter or when the water is cakn in summer."

THREE CENTURIES IN
CHAMPLAIN VALLEY

A COLLECTION OF
HISTORICAL FACTS
AND INCIDENTS

Tercentenary Edition

Compiled and Edited by
Mrs. GEORGE FULLER "TUTTLE
Regent of Saranac Chapter

Published by
SARANAC CHAPTER, D. A. R.
PLATTSBUR&H, N. Y.
1909

Copyright, 1909
By Mes. Gboegb Fulleb Tuttle

<^

I'EBSS OF
bjijndow pkintixo company
Ak: ant. N. Y.

INTRODUCTION
" Three Centuries in Champlain Valley " has been sug
gested by the Tercentenary celebration, by the history and
literature of the valley and by frequent inquiries in regard to
the same. In response to such inquiries reference can be
made to many sources of information but these are often
inaccessible to the public or scattered through so many books
as to make an examination by the stranger or sojourner im
possible. Even among otir own people there is far too little
knowledge in regard to local history, and each year sees the
obliteration of many old landmarks and loss of valuable
records. For the preservation of these memorials Saranac
Chapter is endeavoring to place them in a permanent form
accessible to the general reader.
Relying upon the principle that no section is so remote
from the general government or so insignificant that its history
is not dependent to a great extent upon the laws and methods
of that government, this book has been constructed upon a
framework of general, well-authenticated history, filled in
and, it is hoped, illuminated by the " Home aspect of history,"
Biography and Genealogy, especially as it pertains to the
settlers and dwellers in this valley. Webster said, " There is
a moral and philosophical respect for our ancestors which
elevates the character and improves the heart." Then, shaH
we not consider these things.?
The work, in year book form, may be used by the general
reader as a daily reminder of historical anniversaries; this
form also renders typographical errors in important dates less
frequent. The tourist, by means of the calendar arrangement
and subject index, may easily inform himself in regard to the
history of any particular point. The student, employing the
subject index carefully with reference to the works quoted,
will be able to collect information in regard to special subjects.
To the thoughtful reader, coincidence of date, similarity of

4 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
name, and proximity of location often reveal unsuspected
historical truths. By following successive dates, expeditions
and journeys may be traced and information gained from a
number of witnesses. The same is true as to the development
of certain phases of social economy.
" Three Centuries " is not intended to supersede or take
the place of an5rthing hitherto published. It is hoped rather
that it will be regarded as an appreciation of the work done
by those who have either wrought or fought in this incom
parable valley. Naturally emphasis has been placed on the
Champlain period and the Revolutionary and Pioneer history.
Webster also said " Those who do not look upon them
selves as a link, connecting the past with the future, do not
perform their duty to the world." To perform that duty
Saranac Chapter is endeavoring to establish that Unk between
the brave pioneers who settled this valley and its present
inhabitants. All quotations are from the works of natives of the Cham
plain valley or in some way connected with it. Extracts have
been freely made from the Journal of Will GilUland found in
Watson's Pioneer History of Champlain Valley, the original
document being still treasured in a family of descendants; a
daughter of which, was during her lifetime, a useful and
beloved member of our Chapter. To the student of colonial
history and of human nature to follow this earliest settler of
the Champlain valley, Gilliland, in his daily life and observa
tions, cannot be wholly without interest. His notes on the
weather lead us to believe that the climate has not greatly
changed in the lapse of a century and a half. It may be
interesting, also, to hear personally from different officers who
accompanied Burgoyne's army and from travellers through
our lake in the long ago.
The poems of the precocious Davidson sisters, whom such
authors as Washington Irving, the poet Southey and equaUy
competent judges deHghted to honor, should not be forgotten
— the few poems that remain of their talented brother Levi P.
Davidson, an officer in the regular army, and their most remark-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 5
able mother, Mrs. Margaret Miller Davidson, are worthy of
note. Nor have those more recent authors, Buckham, Peck,
Robinson, Stetson, Saxe and others been omitted.
Information has been sought from widely different sources,
from standard histories, fiction, newspaper files, pamphlets,
scrapbooks, carefully compiled by the one interested member
usually found in every family; from family records both pub
lished and in manuscript; early town records, and whatnot.
Among the historians consulted, Bancroft, Colby, Palmer, Park-
man, Scribner, Watson and Windsor, may be mentioned ; also,
the Documentary History of New York, Thompson's Vermont,
Hemenway's Vermont Historical Gazeteer, County and Town
Histories and biographical sketches. It would be impossible
to mention the individuals to whom the compiler is indebted
and with thanks to one and all she would say in the words of
Burlington's poet, James Buckham, " Good-night to the
world, and may God bless you all."

Quotations from "A Wayside Altar," The Heritage of Life," etc. by James Buckham are
made through the courtesy of Jennings and Graham, Publishers

THREE CENTURIES IN
CHAMPLAIN VALLEY
JANUARY 1
All hail to the new-bom year!
To the child of hope and fear!
He comes on his car of state.
And weaves our web of fate.
And he opens his robe to receive us all,
And we Uve or die, and we rise or fall.
In the arms of the new-bom year.
— Margaret Miller Davidson,
Plattsburgh, 1823 — Saratoga, 1838.
1766 — the severe cold obliged us to quit the road
this day at Eliza point and come home.
Journal of WiU. Gilliland.
Caddy, near Armagh, Ireland, abt. 1734 — ^Willsboro, 1796.
1767 Willsboro, — This day we had a shooting match
at John Chism's. I won 2 matches, Mr. James
Thompson won i, and John McElrea, won i match.
— Idem.
1801 On New Year's day of the opening year of the
nineteenth century, at the Miller homestead, head
of Broad street, Dr. John Miller, pioneer physician,
gave the hand of Eliza Hunting, his eldest daughter,
to Levi Piatt in marriage.

5 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1806 Gen. Benj. Mooers, his home being then on
Cum.berland Head near the mouth of Dead Creek,
gave as a New Year's gift to his negro girl " Ann "
her freedom.
1809 Occurred the marriage of Smith Mead, who
came to this country in 1807, to Hannah, daughter
of John Roberts of So. Plattsburgh, a soldier of
the Revolution, who, with his father, John Sr.,
and his brothers, Peter, Benjamin, Christopher
and William, with his brother-in-law, Nathan Beman,
participated in the battles of Hubbardton, Ben
nington and Saratoga; was also at the taking of Ti.
1814 To " Squire " John G. and his wife Margaret
O. Savage Freligh, was bom a daughter, Margaret
Anne, destined to become the wife of Hon. Moss
Kent Piatt.
1818 Theodorus Bailey, son of Judge Wm. Bailey
of Chateaugay and Plattsburgh, entered the navy
as midshipman.
1860 At her home, present site of County Clerk's
office, died Helen Hascall, daughter of Ralph and
Mary Sterne Hascall, of Essex, and wife of Judge
Lemuel Stetson. The Stetson Memorial Chapel pre
sented to Trinity church by her only surviving son,
Francis Lynde Stetson of New York, perpetuates
her memory.
1864 In the evening, at his home on Cumberland
avenue, at the age of 82, died Wilham Swetland, by
general consent " the greatest lawyer in Northern
New York."
Disabled by paralysis for many years, symp
toms of congestion of the lungs appeared on New
Year's morning. To his physician, hastily sum
moned, he said " Doctor, this is all of earth, I am
content! "

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley .9'
1869 "The BurHngton Times," a morning daily,
merged in " The Free Press."
1894 In Albany, died Hon. Wm. Piatt Mooers of
Plattsburgh, oldest and only surviving son of Dr.
Benj. J. Mooers and grandson of both John Mooers,
brother of Gen. Benj., and of Elder William Pitt
Piatt, all pioneers.

JANUARY 2
1766 — from this time to the 15th, employed the
men cutting logs, firewood, etc. — Gilliland.
1767 — very cold weather; this evening Ireland and
David (colored) came home from the south meadow,
were both frost bit. — Idem.
1787 Second of January the snow was aU gone,
— Charles Piatt to his brother Zephaniah.
1792 Charter of the town of Johnson, Vermont, bear
ing name of grantee, Samuel William Johnson,
issued by Gov. Chittenden.
1840 Mrs. Timothy Balch was to be prayed for by
aU the other members of the First Presbyterian
Church, according to a custom then prevailing.
1846 On College Street, Burlington, was burned
Howard's, afterwards Gould's Hotel, where General
Lafayette was banqueted June 29, 1825. Elkanah
Watson of Port Kent was a guest at the time.
1854 The Rev. David Dobie, pastor of the First
Presbyterian Church, dedicated to his people " Dis
courses Doctrinal and Practical."

lO Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

JANUARY 3
Lo! these unrisen days.
What shall they bring to thee, to me?
— James Buckham,
Burlington, 1858 — Melrose, Mass., 1908.
1749 Benning Wentworth, Governor of New Hamp
shire, made a grant of a township six miles square
which he called Bennington.
— they found themselves on a high ridge, slop
ing to the north, with the matchless reach of the
Walloomsac valley on every side. Eastward, the
long dark range of mountains blue with changing
shadows ; northward, the rolUng meadows, — west
ward, Mount Anthony, emerald against the blue;
and southward, the town founded by Benning Went
worth, the Bennington of Stark and Ethan AUen.
— Theodora Peck — Hester of the Grants,
Burlington.
1776 The remains of Montgomery, respected and
beloved by friend and foe, were buried near the
ramparts of Quebec, there to remain until July,
181 8, when, on board the Phoenix, with flags at
half-mast and draped with the emblems of mourning
and insignia of the state, they were borne through
the lake to their final resting place in St. Paul's
churchyard, New York City.
1908 Incorporation of Clinton County Society for
the Prevention of Cruelty to Children by Hon.
W. J. McCaffrey, Mrs. Wm. Levy, Mrs. D. K. Gilbert,
Mrs. Geo. S. Weed, B. S. Ramsey, J. H. LaRocque.
For animals, Misses Smith, McCaffrey and Farley,
Messrs. McCaffrey, Elmore, Kempner and Davis.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley ii

JANUARY 4
1767 4th to the 12th, warm good weather, built part
of our clay chimney in the new kitchen.
— Gilliland.

1796 At a town-meeting held in Champlain this date,
Nat. Douglass, PHny Moore and Zerah Curtis were
chosen the first school trustees. The same day in
WaUingford, Vt., was born Sally Clark, whose father,
in 1803, removed with his family to Peru, where
she became the wife of John Loderick Hackstaff.
1812 At Albany by the Rev. Mr. Neill, the Rev.
William R. Weeks of Plattsburgh to Miss Hannah
Randell, daughter of Mr. John Randell, of the town
of Colonic.
1839 On this day, Friday, a Church Fast had been
appointed by the session of the First Presbyterian
Church in Plattsburgh and it had been resolved
" that the Elders visit the Church at least once before
taking up the subject we have just been considering
(the dismissal of the Rev. Benj. Ball Newton) and
especially in view of the near approach of our Com
munion."
1886 Death of Caroline Standish Weed, daughter of
Col. Matthew Matthew and Phebe Miller Standish
and wife of Hon. Smith Mead Weed.

12

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

SIR GEORGE PREVOST I767-1816
JANUARY 5
1816 Death of Sir George Prevost, son of Augustine
Prevost (a British general of the Revolution), defeated
by Macomb at Plattsburgh, 1814.
1830 The first Baptist Society of BurHngton formed.
1846 John Syng Dorsey Taylor, a graduate of the
University of Vermont in 1840 in the class with
Henry J. Raymond, afterwards editor of the New
York Times; Henry Hale of Elizabethtown and
James R. Spaulding, editor of the Courier and En
quirer of New York, was appointed principal of
Plattsburgh Academy and retained that position
nearly all the time until i860. An apt scholar and
efficient teacher, a friend as well as an instructor,
a noble hearted, pure-minded man he left the impress
of his own character on all who came under his
influence. He built the house, now owned by Mrs.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 13
Myron G. Baker and made it his home. Disappointed
in his efforts to inaugurate a system of graded schools
here, in connection with his brother Joseph W., who
had been head of the school in 1857-8, he opened a
school in St. Albans which they conducted success
fully many years.
1838 The men interested in the formation of an
Episcopal church at Rouse's Point, met in the stone
sdiool house built in 1824 and organized " Christ's
Church."
1882 EUjah Root, for half a century chief engineer
of the Champlain Transportation Co., on accoimt of
faiHng health resigned that position.

JANUARY 6
1729 Governor Thomas Chittenden was born in Guil
ford, Conn. Early in the spring of 1774, having
purchased a tract of land on the Winooski, or Onion
river, in the township of Williston, he removed his
family to the New Hampshire Grants as Vermont
was then called. But in June, 1776, on the approach
of the British army he was obliged to remove them
to Arlington for safety. For him Chittenden County,
Vt., was named.
1800 George Marsh, who, in 1791, with his wife, Polly
Buel, his brother Charles and his sister Catherine,
all from Litchfield, Conn., settled in Plattsburgh,
became second Major in Lieut. Col. Commandant
Benj. Mooer's regiment. The same day, his brother
Charles Marsh was second Lieut, of a troop of horse
in Brig. Gen. Melancton L. Woolsey's brigade of
light infantry.

14 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1808 The executors of Zephaniah Piatt manumitted
Cato. WiUiam Bailey, also, on that day manumitted
his man Pete. In Londonderry, Ireland was bom
Margaret, daughter of James Sanders, who, in 1833
became the wife of Josiah Corbin of Champlain, N. Y.
1845 Ethan Voltaire Allen, son of Gen. Ethan and
Fanny Buchanan AUen, died in Norfolk county,
Virginia. JANUARY 7
TOBOGGANING
With tip curled like a withered leaf
Down sliding when the days are chill.
My light toboggan skims the snow.
That crusts the forest-bordered hill.
— James Buckham,.
1746 On the receipt of various information by Indians
coming from New England, that the EngHsh propose
attacking Fort St. Frederic, the General has just
ordered the fitting out at Montreal of a new detach
ment, consisting of 150 men, both French and Indians,
under the command of M de St. Luc la Come, to join
Mr. de St. Pierre's party, and to protect Fort St.
Frederic. — Paris Documents New York Colonial
Manuscripts.
1814 In Philadelphia in poverty died Gen. Ira AUen,
a brother of Ethan Allen and Vermont's founder and
great diplomat during the trying years of the Revo
lution. His remains were deposited in pubHc grounds
and his grave remains unmarked.
The wrongs and misfortunes of Ira Allen, on the
eastern side of the lake, and of William GilHland, on

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 1 5
the shore directly opposite, are the direst I ever read
of inflicted on deserving man, under form of law, in
a civilized community.
—W. H. H. Murray.
Guilford, Conn., 1840 — Guilford, 1904.

JANUARY 8
Sometimes in January, oftener toward the close
of February, there comes to our winter-bound
Northern States a day or two, perhaps a week, of
balmy, springHke weather, that uncovers the brown
earth and sets the streams a-brawling, and makes
one think that verily old winter's fetters have been
broken. — James Buckham.
1771 Memorial of William GillUand for a grant of
7,350 acres of land, near Lake Champlain, together
with part of a creek on which he has erected some
miUs. — Land Papers, Vol. 40, page 56.
1812 The Rev. WUlard Preston settled as pastor of
the Congregational church at St. Albans, Vt., where
he remained until September 181 5 when his health
compeUed him to seek a nulder climate to the sor
row of his people who twice afterwards soHcited
his return.
1814 A detachment of infantry from Chateaugay
Four Comers ordered to Plattsburgh by Gen. WU-
kinson, reached there after a forced march of forty
miles that day. — Peter Sailly Palmer.
Hampton, Washington, Co., 1814 — Plattsburgh, 1890.

a6 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

JANUARY 9
1666 M. de CourceUes started from Quebec with 300
men from the regiment of Carignan-SaHeres and 200
volunteers, habitants, using sledges drawn by mastiff
dogs, for Fort St. Theresa, nine imles above the
present village of Chambly, The weather was so
severe that the soldiers nearly perished from cold.
:1768 Samuel Deall, a wealthy merchant of New
York City wrote to Mrs. Ruth Stoughton, the widow
of his partner in trade, Lt. John Stoughton, who
had been drowned in Lake George, " at the Carrying
Place, at Ticonderoga Landing." —
"I hope you do not think of leaving the Landing
or Neglect your improvements as I intend if please
God to be up next Spring to begin buUding a Saw
MiU and other improvements which wUl be to the
advantage of both yours and my Lands. I have
the Land from the Fort to the Mountain."
.1807 Samuel Flint Vilas, the future millionaire of
Plattsburgh, bom in Sterling, Vt.
1817 Was dedicated the Church built in 181 6 at the
cost of $23,000 for the " First Congregational Society"
(Unitarian) of Burlington. It was furnished with
a bell, clock and organ. The dedicatory hymn was
written by Deacon Jacob Williams; the prayer was
offered by John Foster, D. D. ; whUe the sermon from
the text " Holiness becometh thy house O Lord
forever," was preached by the Rev. John Pierce,
afterwards of Brooldine, Mass.
i908 J;l'''^'^-''At his home in Melrose, Mass., died James
Buckham, one of the sweetest poets of the Cham
plain VaUey. Of " The Meaning of Death " he said,

Three Centuries in Cil^mplain Valley 17
" Blessed is the soul that interprets the death
of loved ones, not as a taking away, but as a taking
up, a setting forward, a transfiguration, an exalta
tion! They have simply gone to be with God and
Christ our Redeemer in the beautiful city whither
we are all bound, and whither the longest life wiU
bring us sooner than we realize."

JANUARY 10
1633 — the cold was very severe. I see daylight a
great part of the winter only through ice. The
crusts of ice gather upon the windows of my cell, or
Httle room, and faU like a lozenge, or a piece of glass,
when the cold relaxes. It is through this crystal
that the sun sends us his light.
— Paul Le Jeune among the Montagnais.
1791 In Highgate, Vt., of cancer in the breast died
Catherine Weaver, beloved wife of John Sax (Sachs).
She was 47 years old and left eight young sons and
a four-year-old daughter, all of whom bore well
their part in the settlement and development of
the vaUey. The sixth son, Peter, remained on the
homestead and became the father of John Godfrey
Saxe (Sax), the poet. At Bennington, the same day,
the convention called for that purpose, adopted the
constitution of the United States.
1792 The survey of the tract known as Macomb's
Purchase, being completed and security for the pay
ment of the southern half deposited, letters patent
were issued to Alexander Macomb. The same year
" Macomb became involved with others in an attempt
to establish a bank in opposition to the Bank of New
York, and was compelled to assign his interest in
the above lands to his creditors."

l8 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1814 Other detachments of troops having arrived
Wilkinson repaired to Plattsburgh in person whUe
the camp at French Mills was broken up and aU
magazines and provisions forwarded to Lake Cham
plain.

JANUARY 11
1769 The English government issued a mandamus for
30,000 acres of land, lying on the west side of Lake
Champlain, to be surveyed to Cotmt Charles de
Fredenburgh, a German nobleman who had been
a captain in the British army.
Thy verdant banks, thy lucid stream.
Lit by the sun's resplendent beam,
Reflect each bending tree so light
Upon thy bounding bosom bright.
— Margaret Miller Davidson.
1812 Married : By the Rev. Mr. Halsey, Samuel BueU,
Esq., CoUector for the District of Vermont to Mrs.'
Julia Piatt, daughter of Peter SaUly, Esq.
1867 The Rev. Benj. BaU Newton, from 1836-1839,
pastor of the Plattsburgh Presbjrterian Church, took
deacon's orders in the Protestant Episcopal Church
in Brooklyn.
1887 A second explosion occurred at the factory above
Maine MiU of the CHnton Powder Co., organized
Dec, 1884, Works removed soon afterwards.
1894 Pleasure seekers skated across the bay to Cum
berland Head and the next day the ice in the entire
bay was broken by wind.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 19
JANUARY 12
Old Winter.
And a mighty strong way he has withal.
And he drives a smart business too.
For he'll bridge the old lake from St. Johns to Whitehall,
Without charter from Gentile or Jew.
— John Chatterton of Beekm.antown, a student.
Plattsburgh Academy (1846-1850).
1762 Birth of Benjamin Harwood, son of Peter Har-
wood, the first male child born in Bennington. In
1848 his picture was taken in a group with David
Robinson (a brother of Gov. Moses Robinson),
Abisha Kingsley, Aaron Robinson, Samuel Fay, and
Samuel Safford (the first man to scale the Tory breast,
works) all six the last survivors of the battle of
Bennington.
1865 The Rev. Henry E. Butler, a graduate of Prince
ton Theological Seminary, was ordained by the
Champlain Presb5rtery, the Rev. J. R. Herrick of
Malone preaching the sermon. The young man
ministered to the KeesevUle Presbyterian Church,
receiving a formal call the following September.
1887 At the age of nearly 92, Benjamin Calkin, EHza-
bethtown's last survivor of the battle of Plattsburgh,
died and was buried in the Calkin cemetery, Pleasant
VaUey (EHzabethtown).
JANUARY 13
1767 13th and 14th, soft weather, with a good deal
of rain, the river (Boquet) open to foot of the rapids.
Killed the calf of the swelled headed cow. Being
about 6 weeks old, it weighed 88 lbs. of good veal,
which at 6d per lb. with the taUow of fall and skin
came to £j,. — Gilliland.

20 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1788 In Barnard, Vt. was born Asa Aikens, son of
Solomon and Betsey (Smith) Aikens. A cadet at
West Point; graduate of Middlebury College, class
of 1808; practicing lawyer in Windsor until his
removal to Westport; captain of the 31st regiment,
U. S. A. war of 181 2; member of Vermont Legisla
ture, Judge of Supreme Court, President of CouncU
of Censors, editor of Supreme Court Reports and
editor of two law books, " Practical Forms " and
" Tables," the latter published in 1846 after his
settlement in Westport, Judge Aikens led a busy
professional life. While on a visit to Hackensack,
N. J., he died in 1863.
1802 Anne Treadwell became the bride of Isaac C.
Piatt whose sister, Margaret Piatt, had for several

MARGARET PLATT TREADWELL

NATHANIEL H. TREADWELL

years been the wife of her brother Nathaniel Hazard
Treadwell Then- father Judge Thomas TreadweU
with his family and about forty slaves had come in

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 21
1793 from Smithtown, L. I., to the site on Bay St.
Armand, as known to the French, which had been
selected by Nathaniel, then a young surveyor, the
year before. But Nathaniel and his wife pushed on
to Canada and settled in the Seigniory L'Orignal, a
township of some fifty-four square miles which he
opened to settlers in 1794.

JANUARY 14
1814 The " Centinel " published in Burlington, became
the " Northern Sentinel " and so continued until
1830 when it became the " Burlington Sentinel "
and so remained until its removal to Providence,
R. I., in 1872. From 185 1 to 1855 while under the
control of John G. Saxe, the poet, a daily edition
was issued.
1824 Lucretia Matilda Moore, daughter of Judge
PHny and Martha Corbin Moore, became the wife of
the Rev, Abraham D. Brinkerhoff.
1829 Zephaniah C. Piatt, son of Isaac C. Piatt and
Ann Elizabeth MUler, daughter of Col. Thos. and
EHzabeth (Conklin) Miller, were made man and wife.
All wonders else in earth explain.
But set no laws to love's rare pain.
— Buckham..
1887 The Strong buUding in Burlington, occupied by
the Y. M. C. A. destroyed by fire.

JANUARY 15
1766 WUl. Gilliland sent hands to complete the road
to Eliza meadow which was effected in two days.
Snow 2 feet deep.

22 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1778 WiUiam GillUand in a letter written from
Albany Fort and addressed to the committee of
safety of Albany complains bitterly of his treat
ment at the hands of Gen. Gates, reciting how his
remaining slaves were encouraged to desert his
service and harbored at the general's own house;
his feather bed carried off and his ceUar robbed of
upwards of four hundred pounds value of liquor,
sugar, etc., and when this was made known to Gen.
Gates no attention was paid to the matter but GUH-
land was arrested and imprisoned under false charges
of disloyalty to the American cause.
1811 Clinton County Medical Society met at the
house of Edward Hunter (now 25 Broad street),
inn holder in Plattsburgh when it was decided to send
a delegate to the State Society and five members
were fined $1 each for non-attendance.
1817 The old homestead at Basin Harbor was burned
and with its burning came memories of its buUder,
Piatt Rogers, the famous road-maker and one of
the patriarchs of Plattsburgh; of his Dutch bride,
Eyda Wiltse of Dutchess county, who came here in
1789; of the day, ten years later when the remains
of her husband were brought home from Plattsburgh
to be laid in the family plot; of their daughter, Ida
and her husband, John Winans, buUder in 1808 of
the first steamboat on the lake and second in the
world; memories of the birth of the first grand-child,
Piatt Rogers Halstead; of frequent visits and enter
tainment of Macdonough, and his officers and men,
among them Joseph Barron; and lastly, that last visit
of WiUiam GillUand and its fatal termination.
1872 The long earthly Hfe of " Uncle " Isaac C. Piatt,
son of the first settler Judge Charles Piatt, came to

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 23
a close in his home built on land which had fallen
to his father's share in the original division of lots.
This old home, in 1814, the military hospital of the
enemy was, in times of peace, always a place of good
cheer. When his father, early in the century gave
up the position of County Judge, Isaac, on accoimt
of his deafness, declined the office but he served as
Sheriff of the County in 1 804, 1 809 and 1 8 1 1 , Honor
able and just, the never faiHng friend of the poor
and destitute was he.

JANUARY 16
1714 Capt. John Stoddard, son of the Rev. Solomon
Stoddard, second minister of Northampton, and the
Rev. Mr. Williams, father of Eunice, who had been
taken captive by the Indians, in their descent upon
Deerfield, arrived at Quebec. They had made the
journey from Massachusetts on horseback by way of
Westfield and Kinderhook, and on snowshoes and in
canoes by way of Saratoga and Crown Point.
1745 In Cornwall, Ct., was bom Levi Allen, brother
of Ethan, " by his own acknowledgment a very
obstinate and wayward boy," the only tory in the
famUy for which his large landed estate in Vermont,
on complaint of his brothers Ethan and Ira, was
confiscated and sold. He lived afterwards in Canada
and England but finaUy returned to BurHngton
where he died in 1801, though he called himself a
citizen of the world.
1798 Jay was formed from Willsborough.
1812 In the east room of the Delord house by the
Rev. Frederick Halsey, Maria Ketchum AverUl,
eldest daughter of Nathan, Jr., and his wife Polly

24 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Ketchum AveriU and a niece of Madam Delord, and
Reuben Hyde Walworth, a young and promising
lawyer (afterwards, the last ChanceUor of the State)
were made man and wife.
1817 Clinton County Medical Society met at Holt's,
innkeeper, in the town of Plattsburgh. Dr. Jas.
Wood joined the society and was elected President,
B. J. Mooers, Vice-President; Oliver Davidson,
Secretary. At this meeting the first action was
taken in regard to irregtUar practice.
1876 "The Glory of Children are Their Fathers"
Prov. xvii:6. Text displayed on the occasion of the
Semi-Centennial of the Sabbath School of the First
Presbyterian Church, Plattsburgh.
1900 Died in Troy, N. Y., Brig. Gen. Alonzo Alden
whose distinguished services in the Civil War are a
part of the history of his country.
" A man of inflexible integrity; high aspirations,
strong mind, and the soul of honor."
— Tribute of Joseph Cook.
JANUARY 17
1714 Stoddard and his party presented their cre
dentials to DeVaudreuil, the governor, hoping to
effect the release of the prisoners, among them
Eunice ; but their hopes were only partially realized.
1766 — Sent hands to finish the road to EHza point
which was completed by the 24th Jan., which made
it clear from the Mills to Eliza meadow. — Gilliland.
1809 At Wadham's Mills was born EHzabeth Whitney
Fairchild, daughter of John and EHzabeth Safford
Whitney and wife of Benj. Smith FairchUd.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 25.
B^~ ATTENTION „^
1812 The Officers belonging to Major Thomas Miller's
Regiment, wUl Rendezvous at the Union Coffee-
House, in the ViUage of Plattsburgh, on the seven
teenth day of January next, at ten o'clock in the
forenoon. By order Major Thos. Miller,
Commandant.
Isaac C. Piatt, Adjutant.
Plattsburgh Republican, Dec. 27, 181 1.
1815 Clinton County Medical Society, met at Gold
smith's, innholder in Plattsburgh. Dr. Nathan Car
ver and Francis Parker admitted members. Nathan
Carver was elected President; Benjamin Mooers,
Vice-President; and B. J. Mooers, Secretary.
1826 The Medical Society met at McCreedy's. The
president. Dr. O. Davidson, read a dissertation on
phthisis pulmonalis. Drs. Kane and D. C. Stone
were admitted to membership. Drs. Miller, Carver,
and Davidson were chosen a committee to draft a
petition to be presented to the Legislature in regard
to the law proposed by the State Medical Society
for the suppression of quackery.
1875 Died in Brooklyn, N. Y., the Rev. Benjamin
BaU Newton assistant rector of the Church of the
Holy Trinity. " A man of many gifts, bright and
versatile in all." JANUARY 18
1783 The first deed recorded in Grand Isle is one from
William WiUiams to Capt. Jedidiah Hyde of Nor
wich, Conn., of a lot of land. The first surveys were
made in that year and the first settlers were Col.
Ebenezer Allen, Lambertin AUen and Alexander
Gordon about the same time.

26 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1823 Post-office established in the old Thurber store
at Rouse's Point with Calvin K. AveriU as post
master.
1825 Clinton Co. Medical Society met at J. McCreedy's,
The president. Dr. J. B. Mooers, read a dissertation
on scrofula; Drs. Patchen, and Forsyth joined the
society and Dr. R. P. AUen presented a bUl for $26.11
for expenses whUe attending the State Medical
Society.
1849 Dedication of the new brick edifice of the Congre
gational Presbyterian Church in Champlain, the.
sermon being preached by the Rev. John Mattocks
of KeeseviUe and the dedicatory prayer offered by
the Rev. David Dobie of Plattsburgh.

JANUARY 19
1795 In Shoreham, Vt., was born William Treadway,
son of the Revolutionary soldier Jonathan Treadway,
whose father William journeyed from Salem, Conn.
to Shoreham, at the age of loi seated in a rocking
chair in a double wagon to attend the christening
of his grandson and namesake WiUiam. The aged
man died the next day and was buried in the old
Ben Bissell place in Shoreham. The grandson set
tled in Chazy and buUt and operated the woolen
mills stiU standing at Suckertown in Chazy.
1809 The annual meeting of the Clinton County Medi
cal Society was at the house of Israel Green. Dr.
Waterhouse of Malone read a surgical dissertation;
Dr. Reuben Jones was admitted a member; thanks
and $18.80 for expenses were voted to Dr. Horatio
Powell of Malone for attendance at the meeting of
the State society; and Drs. Man, Waterhouse, Taylor
and Thorndike were permitted to withdraw from the

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

27

1813

1820

society, probably for the purpose of forming a similar
one in Franklin county.
" It takes a gentleman to keep a country inn
and Friend Green is the very man for it."
The Medical Society's annual meeting was held
with Dr. Benj. Moore, Pres.; S. Goodrich, Vice-Pres.;
Dr. Benj. J. Mooers, Sec.
The Medical Society met at the house formerly
occupied by Simon Newcomb, innholder. After

DR. SAMUEL BEAUMONT

organizing Drs. Samuel Beaumont, Baruck Beck
with, and Harmon Howe, presented their credentials
and were admitted to membership.
1821 The Society met at the house of John L. Fouquet
and paid $1 for use of room. The expenses of Dr.
B. J. Mooers, delegate to State Society, amounting
to $20.25 were ordered paid and Dr. Luther Ransom,
on account of age and infirmity permitted to with
draw from the Society.

28 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1832 In Plattsburgh to Winslow C. and Susan Skin
ner Watson was born a son, Winslow C. Watson, Jr.
The lad received his academic training at KeesevUle
Academy, graduated from the U. V. M. in 1850,
took the Master's degree and deHvered the oration
in 1857. He then studied law in the office of Hon.
George A. Saunders at KeesevUle and was admitted
to the bar in 1861.
1884 New County Building ordered by Supervisors,
for Clinton County Clerk, Surrogate and Supervisors
offices.
1885 Miss Sarah C. Hagar appointed librarian of
Fletcher Free Library, Burlington, which position
she retained until her death in 1908.

JANUARY 20
1746 The detachment under Mr St. Luc la Come for
the protection of Fort St. Frederic left Montreal
between the 20th and 25th. — Colonial History.
1767 — 15th, to 20th, very good working weather
and good sleighing, the snow about 6 inches deep,
can bring a load of hay every day from EHza meadow,
with 4 oxen in the team, this day broke our sleigh in
attempting to haul logs with it and set about making
a flat log sleigh of the Canadian form.
— Gilliland.
Whoso toils truly, surely shall he reap.
— Buckham,
1776 Nathan Spalding of Penton enlisted and left
home. The foUowing May he died of smaUpox at
Quebec while being carried in a cart with the retreat
ing army.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 29
1865 Died at his home known as the General Mooers'
house. Col. Amasa Corbin Moore, son of Judge Pliny
Moore of Champlain. Jan. 18, 1826 he had married
Charlotte Elizabeth Mooers, daughter of Gen. Mooers.
They had ten children. He was a lawyer in Platts
burgh and in 1843, o"^ the occasion of the celebration
of the anniversary of the battle of Plattsburgh, Col.
Moore delivered the patriotic address to the large
audience assembled in the park in front of the court
house. JANUARY 21
1666 CourceUes' party started up the lake. Arriving
at Bulwagga Bay (opposite Addison) they took the
route across to the headwaters of the Hudson. The
expedition proved very disastrous and on the way
back they stopped two days at Chimney Point wait
ing for stragglers to come up.
1739 Ethan AUen, the oldest of the six brothers, was
bom in Litchfield, Conn., (Town Records Jan. 10
O. S) ; came to the Grants about 1769 but his family
did not come untU 1778 just before his return from
captivity in England. About July, 1787 he removed
to BurHngton but lived at Mr. CoUins' at the Bay
until after the birth of his son Hannibal, Nov. 24,
1787.
1767 — clear weather, very cold. — Gilliland.
1826 At a covenant meeting held at Rouse's Point
" Deacon 'Squire Ferris made a confession to the
church for having attended and taken part in a
shooting match, which is by the church considered
gambUng; after his confession he was received by
the church."
1882 At his home (No. 10 Broad street) died Elder
Lewis W. Pierce, ordained elder in the Presb3rterian

3°

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Church in 1855; special customs inspector under
Oliver D. Peabody 1851-1853.

1758

JANUARY 22
Birth in Plymouth, Mass. of Elkanah Watson,
the future originator of County Fairs and Agricul-

YCSTU^SKlf S^trf

ELKANAH WATSON

tural Societies; one of the projectors of the New
York State canal system; projector of the contem
plated St. Lawrence and Lake Champlain raUroad
and similar enterprises. In 1909, a great-grandson,
bearing the Watson name, is engaged as civil engineer
in the construction of the Charnplain canal.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 31
1767 — but not so cold (as yesterday), this day the
lake froze half across, on the east side it appears open.
— Gilliland.
1787 Martha Corbin, daughter of Capt. John and
Abigail (Cabot) Corbin of Kinderhook, N. Y., became
the wife of PHny Moore, of Bennington, Vt., son of
Noadiah and Anna (Loomis) Moore. Their first
chUd, Noadiah, named for his paternal grandfather,
was bom at Kinderhook, but was not baptised until
1802 when a missionary of the Cong'l Pres. denomina
tion, named Miller, visited Champlain and admin
istered the rite of baptism.
1814 The death of Letitia Piatt, daughter of Judge
Charles Piatt and first wife of the Rev. Frederick
Halsey, occurred.
1818 At her home Cumberland Head, EHzabeth
Addams, daughter of Major John Addams and
second wife of Gen. Benj. Mooers, died. She was
one of the original members of the pioneer Church
of Northern New York.
1864 I have answer that the execution of Henry C.
FuUer is suspended.
— A. Lincoln to Congressman Orlando Kellogg
of Elizabethtown.
1879 " Mary Fletcher Hospital " of BurHngton, the
gift of Miss Mary M. Fletcher who endowed it with
a fund of nearly $330,000, dedicated.
JANUARY 23
1767 — cold weather. — Gilliland.
1840 At Quebec died WiUiam Saxe, second son of
John, the pioneer of Highgate, Vt.

22 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1844 Acceptance of the caU to the First Presbyterian
Church, by the Rev. David Dobie of Huntingdon,
Lower Canada, "a young Scotchman, in his thirty-
third year, who appeared to be the right man to
bring the people out of the unfortunate troubles,
which had come upon them,— the dUigent and
delightful Dobie." JANUARY 24
1666 Sieurs de la ForriUe, Maximin and Lobiac,
Captains of the Carignan regiment, joined the army
with sixty men and some habitants but their ranks
were so depleted before they reached St. Theresa
that four companies had to be taken from the forts
on the Richelieu to supply the vacancies.
And many loyal hearts and true,
Who sailed across the ocean blue.
Who came its mysteries to explore.
Sleep now along its rocky shore :
Unmarked their graves — unknown the spot
Yet not by kindly Heaven forgot. Marion Stetson Palmer.
Champlain, 1837 — Plattsburgh, 1885.
1786 The snow is now about twelve inches deep. I
do not perceive it any colder here than it usuaUy is
at Poughkeepsie at this season of the year.
— Charles Piatt in letter to his brother Zephaniah.
1804 Death of Lieut. Peter Roberts (a descendant of
Gov. Thos. Mayhew of Nantucket) who located in
Plattsburgh, coming from Manchester and Dorset,
Vt., as early as 1800. He built his home on Lot
No. I, near the foot of Boynton avenue. In 1768
he was in the militia of Dutchess county, where he
married his wife, Jane Baker. He was with Ethan
Allen at the taking of Ti ; with Warner in 1775-76
on his Canadian expedition and at Bennington, etc.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 33
1817 "A large portion of the inhabitants are much
distressed for want of bread, whilst the poorer and
laboring class are absolutely destitute of the means
of obtaining it at the high price it sells for."
• — Peter Sailly to the Secretary of the Treasury.
1883 Died — Judge George Mather Beckwith, son of
Dr. Baruch Beckwith from Lyme, Conn., who settled
in Beekmantown in 1810, the first physician there,
A descendant of Gen. Beckwith who came with
Lords Say and Brook and settled in Saybrook,
opposite Lyme; also, of Increase Mather it was
natural that Judge Beckwith should be identified
with the Presbyterian Church, in which he was
ordained an elder in 1855.
' ' A sober, earnest man, scrupulous with his fellow-
man, a warm hearted citizen, and a constant friend."
JANUARY 25
1767 A strong north wind opened the lake, broke the
ice in bitts. — Gilliland.
1802 At Isle La Motte died Samuel Fisk, son of the
Rev. Ichabod and Eleanor Roberts Fisk who came
from Poultney, Vt., to the Island in 1788. Samuel
Fisk married Polly Scott and built the stone house — ¦
the Fisk homestead — now on the Island.
JANUARY 26
1767 — clear warm weather, began to haul logs for
sawing. — Gilliland.
1782 In Kinderhook, Columbia County, on a farm
afterwards the home of ex-President Martin Van
Buren, was born CorneHus Peter Van Ness, son of
Peter Van Ness. At fifteen, not caring to study law
as his older brother had done, he gave up a coUege
course, but later, he entered the office of his brother
WiUiam P., at New York as a law student and there
had for a companion Martin Van Buren. From his

34

1787

1859

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
admission to the bar in 1804 until his removal to
Vermont in 1806 he practiced law in his native place.
Certificate of location granted to Zaccheus New
comb and others of Vancour's Island, in Lake Cham
plain, 700 acres. He was an uncle of Cyrenius,
Kinner and Simon who located in Plattsburgh; a
farmer and MiUer. He died about 1790 near Kinder
hook whUe on a visit to his daughter.
At his home TreadweU's Bay died Elder Thomas
TreadweU, son of Judge Thomas Treadwell (1748-

HON. THOMAS TREADWELL
1832) . Before coming here as a pioneer, none had at
tained greater eminence than the father, participating
as he did in the formation of the new government
as a member of both Provincial and Continental
Congresses, Committee of Safety, etc. As one of the
founders of the Presbj^terian Church it was Elder
Treadwell who opened the correspondence with the
Rev. Frederick Halsey, which resulted in the latter's
coming here as its first pastor.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 35
The same day died Mary Hay, daughter of the
Scotchman William Hay, the first settler in Peru,
and " relict " of Lott Elmore.
JANUARY 27
1768 Warrant of survey issued at Fort George, New
York to Count Charles de Fredenburg with nineteen
associates for grant of 20,000 acres of land at the
west of Lake Champlain.
1787 Occurred the first marriage in North Hero —
that of John Brunson and Miss Elizabeth Bates.
1798 Saturday, Charles Z. Piatt, fourth son of Judge
Zephaniah, arrived in Plattsburgh. He says in a
letter dated Feb. 12, " Found all well. The mills
have done a great deal of business, but the colliers,
wood-choppers, carpenters, blacksmiths, millers, andall
the Lazy folks in this town have eat all the Toal up."
1812 On this date, JuHus C. HubbeU, having in 1808
hired a room in a house in Chazy and begun the
practice of law, later hired the whole house and
married Ann Moore, daughter of Judge Pliny Moore
of Champlain. He brought his bride to the home he
had prepared on horseback on a PiUion and there
their first three chUdren were bom.
1835 The " Macdonough " owned by the " Champlain
Ferry Co.," and the " Water Witch " and " Win
ooski," owned by the " St. Albans Steamboat Co.,"
were purchased by " The Champlain Transportation
Co.," the company thus becoming owner of all the
lake steamers.
1886 Major Robert W. Livingston calmly " crossed
the bar " and his remains were laid in Riverside
cemetery. — Pleasant Valley History.
1905 Dedication of new Armory Building, BurHngton.

36 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
JANUARY 28
1766 WiU. GiUiland sent 2 men with a team of oxen
for hay and they did not retum to ist Febmary.
This was the first hay sent for. — Journal.
1787 Jacob Ferris, owner of the saw-miU and grist-
mUl on the east side of the river, writing from Platts
burgh, says that the dam is likely to stand weU but
" the mills Dus but very Little business this winter."
1819 At Trenton, Oneida County, N. Y., died Gen.
Melancton Lloyd Woolsey of Plattsburgh. An officer
during the Revolutionary war and an early settler
on Cumberland Head, his home the place now known
as " The Old Homestead," he was appointed first
coUector of customs for the district of Champlain.
He was clerk of the county, 1788; one of the first
board of trustees of the Presbyterian Church (1803);
in 1 81 6 ordained an elder; the same year director in
the Clinton County Bible Society and one of the
committee for the sale of pews in the new church
edifice. As a military exempt he assisted in buUd
ing the redoubt ordered by Gen. Izard on Cumber
land Head. His wife and seven chUdren survived him.
" He died a Christian " said the United Patriot
;i,t the time.
— God's helpers, whether great or smaU,
In the result are neither low nor high ;
For each hath used his gift of brain or hand.
And God, the Master Builder, wrought through all.
— James Buckham.
JANUARY 29
1756 Robert Rogers " started to look into Crown
Point."
1717 Jeffrey Amherst was born in Kent and entered
the army at the early age of fourteen years.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 37
1787 The saw-mill has not turned since you left us,
the grist-miU has done but little and is now still,
tho' I think both might, with care, go most of the
winter if there was anything to grind.
— Chas. Piatt to his brother Zephaniah.
1817 Lake Champlain closed by ice.
1868 Died in Champlain, " lamented by all who knew
him " Jonathan Douglas, son of the Revolutionary
soldier and pioneer in 1793 in Chazy, Capt. John
Douglas and grandson of Maj. Asa Douglas of Stephen-
town, N. Y. He spent most of his life on a farm in
Chazy, was a mUler by trade and served in the
American army during the war of 181 2 to 15. He
married a cousin Lucy Douglas of Pittstown and had
twelve children.

JANUARY 30
1666 De CourceUes marched out of Fort St. Theresa
at the head of 500 men, and passing the lake on the
ice, crossed the country towards the Mohawk villages.
1743 In New Ipswich, N. H., was bom Josiah Brown,
a pioneer of Essex Co., first in Willsborough, after
wards at Lewis about 1805. In 1775 he responded
to the Lexington Alarm, fought at Bunker HUl and
was with the Continental Army at Ticonderoga dur
ing the summer 1777.
1767 — a snowy day, this night the snow 12 inches
deep. — Gilliland.
1814 Noadiah Moore of Champlain married Maria
CaroHne Mattocks of Middlebury, Vt.

38 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1846 On Friday evening the Methodist Church on
Court Street was burned, the fire catching from a
stove pipe in the basement. " Uncle " Robert Piatt
who, while living at Valcour, had contributed so
generously to the buUding of that church was one of
the largest subscribers towards the re-building of this.
1858 Death of Hiram Walworth who, as a boy of
fourteen fought in Capt. Aikens' company of volun
teers. The Walworth homestead is now No. 17
Broad Street.

JANUARY 31
1746 Captain Desabrevois has been detached with
Chevalier de Niverville, ensign, and 53 Iroquois to
the South river in Lake Champlain, on occasion of
an alarm. — Colonial Manuscripts.
1767 — close warm weather, this day some of our
settlers went to see James Logan, whether alive or
dead, they crossed the lake in a small birch canoe.
— Gilliland.
1828 The Champlain Transportation Company held
its first annual meeting for the election of officers at
BurHngton with WiUiam A. Griswold, Pres.
1868 A public meeting of citizens of Plattsburgh
village held at the Court House to consider the sub
ject of supplying the viUage with pure and wholesome
water.
1908 Death, at the advanced age of ninety-four years
and one month, of Margaret Anne FreHgh Piatt,
daughter of John G. and Margaret O. Savage FreHgh
and widow of Hon. Moss Kent Piatt.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 39

FEBRUARY 1
Then, suddenly, my pneumatic messenger comes to the
window with a fresh bit of news, or at least the likeliest of
rumors. The February wind ceases to moan and cry. Nature
has felt a strange, involuntary stirring in her prisoned members,
and suddenly the air becomes full of questioning.
— James Buckham in A Pneumatic Calendar.
1766 AU the cattle were brought to MiUtown (GiUi-
land's settlement on the Boquet) from Wm. Luckey's.
— Gilliland.
1767 — warm weather. — Idem.
1870 The Rev Archdeacon George C. PenneU, S. T. D.
began his charge with St. John's and Christ's churches
in Champlain and on the same date Clinton County
Associate Mission was formed, including the six
Episcopal churches existing in Chateaugay, EUen-
burgh, CentrevUle, Chazy, Champlain and Rouse's
Point, aU these parishes occupying a territory forty-
five by nine mUes in extent.
1889 Free postal deUvery system went into opera
tion in Plattsburgh.
1896 A gavel donated to Saranac Chapter, D. A. R.
by Mr. John Henry Myers. This gavel, made from
wood taken from the "Royal Savage," Gen. Arnold's
flagship in the battle of Valcour, is trimmed with
bands of sUver made from a spoon that once belonged
to Mrs. Lawrence Myers, mother of the donor, the
bands exquisitely engraved with the name of Chaptef
and giver.

40 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
FEBRUARY 2
1796 Near the northern base of Coon mountain in
what was then EHzabethtown but is now a part of
Westport, whUe returning upon the ice from a visit
to his friend Piatt Rogers at Basin Harbor, William
GillUand, the pioneer of Champlain Valley, perished.
His remains were interred in the Essex village ceme
tery but in 1900 were removed to Lakeview cemetery
in the town of Willsboro under the supervision of
his descendant, John Bleecker Cuyler of WUlsboro.
"The former lord of a vast domain, the generous
patron and tender father, the dispenser of munificent
hospitalities, the associate and counsellor of vice-
royalty, died far away from human care, of cold and
famine, with no voice of love to soothe his sufferings,
and no kind hand to close his dying eyes."
— Winslow C. Watson.
In "Pioneer History of Champlain Valley."
1797 Charles Piatt, the first settler of Plattsburgh,
appointed judge in the Court of Common Pleas.
1874 Mrs. Mary L. Fletcher and her daughter Miss
Mary M. Fletcher gave to a Board of Trustees of the
Fletcher Free Library of Burlington, the sum of
$10,000 for the purchase of books and a further sum
of $10,000, the income of which was to be used in
increasing the Library.
1880 The Rev. Joseph Gamble unanimously called to
the pastorate of the First Presbyterian church.
FEBRUARY 3
The February wind is distinctly interrogative.
Its voice has a rising inflection. It brings you a
rumor, yet with an accent of conviction.
— James Buckham.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 41
FEBRUARY 4
1667 The officers of the Carignan Regiment gave a
ball at Quebec — the first given in Canada, sixty
years after the founding of the colony.
After the coming of the Carignan Regiment.
there was a decline in the standard of morals. — Colby.
FEBRUARY 5
1767 — colder than yesterday, and sharp small snow,
lake all frozen. — Gilliland.
1785 The twelve patriarchs, Zephaniah Piatt, Peter
Tappan, Zaccheus Newcomb, Nathaniel Piatt, Piatt
Rogers, Charles Piatt, Thomas TredweU, Simon R.
Reeves, Melancthon Smith, Jonathan Lawrence,
Israel Smith, John Addams, accepted a proposition
made at a meeting of the proprietors in New York
City, to give to such of the associates as should
within two years buUd a dam and mill on the Saranac,
the exclusive title to the Fredenburgh Falls mUl
lot of fifty acres, and also one hundred acres on the
north side of the river at its mouth.
1800 Thomas Macdonough, the future hero of Lake
Champlain, warranted midshipman in the U. S. navy.
FEBRUARY 6
1767 — very cold nay colder than yesterday, but
clear. — Gilliland.
1785 The title to the 100 acres and to the Freden
burgh Falls mUl-lot vested by deed in the twelve
associates who met at Judge Piatt's house Dec. 30
of the previous year.

42 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1840 Death of Hon. Kinner Newcomb at the age of
eighty-four. He was born at Nine Partners, Aug.
17, 1756; served with Col. Melancton Smith's Rangers
and in other branches of the service untU 1782, after
wards drawing 600 acres of land for his services.
In Plattsburgh lot number 5, containing 81 acres
lying west of Catherine Street and adjoining the
mill-lot, was given to him and on this he buUt his
house, his son Piatt, being the first male child bom
within the limits of the new town. For many years
Kinner Newcomb was a judge of the county courts ;
twice represented his county in the Legislature and
in the War of 181 2 was at the head of a company of
" Silver Greys " ready to turn out at a moment's
warning.
1 849 In her home on Margaret Street corner of ComeHa
died Eliza Miller, daughter of Dr. John MUler and
wife of Judge Levi Piatt. She was the mother of
eight sons and four daughters, a model mother and
amiable hostess.

FEBRUARY 7
1767 — " snowey day, not so cold as the preceding;
this evening we compute the snow to be 15 inches
deep on a level." — GiUiland.
1837 The widow (Mary Townsend Addams, then 86
years old,) of Major John Addams of Cumberland
Head applied for pension. Her claim was aUowed
for the services of her husband as a Superintendent
of Mechanics for the period of two years.
1874 The Y. M. C. A. of BurHngton presented its
library to the Fletcher Free Library.

HON. PETER SAILLY
1754-1826

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 43
FEBRUARY 8
1759 Marriage of William GillUand and EHzabeth
Phagan, daughter of Mr. Phagan of the island of
Jamaica but then residing in New York for the pur
pose of educating his children. Her marriage dowry
was fifteen hundred pounds.
1801 By the " Reverend Mr. Halsey, Minister of
Plattsburgh " Lodema, daughter of John Ransom
and his wife Rhoda Pratt, and John Craig a native
of Scotland who had settled in Canada, were mar
ried. They made their home on a farm of 500 acres
on the lake shore in Peru where John Craig built
the first and only dock (Peru landing) between
Essex and Cumberland Head.
1809 Peter SaUly appointed collector of customs under
Jefferson for the district of Champlain.
1878 At his EHzabethtown home, died Judge Augustus
C. Hand. " As a lawyer — a model for imitation. As a
citizen and neighbor — the embodiment of man
hood's ideal, kind, liberal, tmthful, upright."
— Tribute of George Levi Brown.
1896 MUl of the High Falls Pulp Company of Chateau
gay commenced running.
FEBRUARY 9
1761 The marriage of Capt. John Corbin, Jr., son of
John, Sr., to AbigaU Cabot, daughter of Rev. Marston
and Mary (Dwight) Cabot, took place. They first
made their home at Killingly, Conn., where their
chUdren Charity, Martha and Royal were bom.
Then they went to Kinderhook and afterwards to

44 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Albany, where Capt. Corbin owned a Hudson River
sloop. He was a captain in the Revolution and was
present at the battle of Bemis Heights and Burgoyne's
surrender. Investing his means in Continental money
he lost his property. His wife died June 26, 1777.
1767 — close warm weather, covered our coal kill;
this day we had a very thick small soft snow which
continued all day. — Gilliland.
1893 The CathoHc Summer School received an abso
lute charter from the Regents of the University of
the State of New York.
1895 Incorporation of Plattsburgh Institute, the ob
ject of which is to cultivate a more general interest
in the history of Plattsburgh and vicinity, and to
perpetuate the memory of many important historic
events of the Champlain Valley. Pres., Dr. D. S.
KeUogg; Sec. and Treas., Hiram Walworth; Trustees:
George F. Bixby, George E. Pond, David S. KeUogg,
Elmer F. Botsford, Hiram Walworth.
1899 In the historic house buUt by Capt. Sidney
Smith, U. S. N., died Joseph Romeo Emerson, son
of Joseph and Sarah Malvina (Tabor) Emerson.
Mr. Emerson was one of the last survivors remember
ing the battle of Plattsburgh. As a boy of five from
his home North Island City he saw the smoke of the
battle, heard the guns and next day witnessed the
return of the Vermont militia. In 1666, the very
year that the French were making such incursions
into the Mohawk country, Thomas Emerson, from
Durham, Durham county, Eng., the first of the name
in America, came to Ipswich, Mass. ¦j^
1901 The Adirondack Chapter, Daughters of the
American Revolution, was organized at Malone, N. Y.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 45
FEBRUARY 10
1763 By the treaty of peace signed in Paris, France
formally ceded to Great Britain the Province of
Canada.
— No more, thank God! the cannon thunders forth.
Or sabre flashes in the smoke and gloom.
Peace, Peace ! — for snowy mantled Peace make room
And Love, that in the heart of God had birth. — Bttckham.
1767 — snow continued until 4 in the afternoon, then
stop'd, we now compute the snow to be 20 inches
deep on a level. — Gilliland.
1789 Ethan Allen, being short of hay on account of
a partial faUure of crops the preceding summer,
with his ox-sled and pair of horses and his black
man for a driver, crossed the ice to Allen's point,
South Hero, to the house of his friend. Col. Ebenezer
AUen, who had promised him a supply. His host
having invited a number of old acquaintances to
spend the afternoon and evening Allen was induced
to remain untU morning although the hay was
already loaded.
1877 Died in Washington, D. C, Rear Admiral
Theodorus BaUey, son of Judge Wm. BaUey and

COMMODORE BAILEY

46 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
grandson of Capt. Nathaniel Piatt of Plattsburgh.
In the expedition against New Orleans Bailey, then
a Heutenant, was sent by Farragut with Lieut. Per
kins, to demand the surrender of the city. Abreast,
unguarded and alone, the two young officers walked
through the street while the mob shouted " Shoot
them! KiU them! Hang them! "
1888 At his home 27 Broad Street, died Joseph
Willard Tuttle, descendant of Samuel Tuttle Senior
and Junior, Revolutionary soldiers of Littleton, Mass.
From infancy his life was spent in the Champlain
Valley ; his education acquired in the common schools
and academy at Burlington and his knowledge of
the printing business to which his life was devoted,
in a regular apprenticeship in the office of Chauncey
Goodrich. His acquaintance with men and knowl
edge of the newspaper business was obtained through
connection as editor or publisher with the follow
ing publications : — the Watervliet Advocate, the Frank
lin Republican of Sheldon. Vt., Burlington Free Press,
Clinton County Whig, American Sentinel, and Sentinel
but the faUure of his eyesight in i860 put an end to
all editorial work and the great fire of 1867 brought
to the front the indomitable pluck and courage of the
man. It was during his ownership of the Clinton
County Whig that through his advocacy the interest
of the people was aroused in the setting out of the
shade trees which to-day adorn our streets.
1895 Plattsburgh Normal School places a bronze tab
let upon Bridge Street Bridge in " Commemoration
of the Gallant and Successful Resistance of the
American Troops to the Repeated Attempts of the
British Army to cross the bridge over the Saranac
River at this Point, September 5-1 1, 1814."

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 47
FEBRUARY 11
1767 — a pleasant day, laid the hearth in our room,
this day. G. Belton's man came on the ice from
home to Chism's Point, good walking. — Gilliland.
The first premonition of spring is a subtle tone
of the wind — perhaps the most subtle of any; yet
a trained and attentive ear can hardly miss or mis
take it. I find that I have a different mood, at once,
when the February wind begins to blow.
— James Buckham.
1789 This morning Gen. Allen got upon the load of
hay and his black man drove towards home, the
Indian Rock farm. Several times he called back to
his master and though receiving no answer thought
nothing of it until his arrival when the General was
found to be unconscious in a fit of apoplexy.
1811 Daniel Wright who had fought at Bunker Hill,
Ticonderoga, and Saratoga and under Stark, Reed
and St. Clair, was commissioned Brigadier-General;
Luman Wadhams, Captain; and Daniel B. McNeil,
Adjutant of the 37th regiment.
FEBRUARY 12
1666 De CourceUes, having rested his men after their
incursion into the Mohawk coimtry, suddenly broke
camp and hastUy retraced his steps to Lake Cham
plain and thence to Canada.
1767 — deHghtful weather, the sun warm. — Gilliland.
1789 Gen. Ethan Allen died at his farm near " Indian
Rock," BurHngton.

48 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1809 Arrival in Burlington of the notorious John
Henry, sent as an emissary among the FederaHsts
of New England by Sir John Craig, Gov. of Canada.
1895 Saranac Chapter, D. A. R. organized with twenty-
three charter members. Mrs. Pauline C. Stoddard,
Mrs. Julia R. Nichols, Mrs. Jeannette A. Corbin,
Mrs. Frances R. Weed, Mrs. Mary S. Warren, Mrs.
Caroline W. Famsworth, Mrs. Martha B. Wolff, Mrs.
Katherine M. Piatt, Mrs. Lucy B. Sowles, Mrs. Sarah
P. FuUer, Mrs. Susan A. Kellogg, Miss Theodora
Kyle, Miss Helen M. Palmer, Miss Helen D. Wood
ward, Miss Erminia HaU, Miss Margaret S. Beckwith,
Mrs. Alice S. Whittelsey, Miss EHzabeth Ross, Mrs,
Jeannette B. Tuttle, Mrs. Augusta W. Cady, Mrs,
Julia Russell Myers, Vice Regent, Mrs. Mary McGiU
Gamble, Historian, Mrs. Margaret P. Myers, Cor
responding Secretary. FEBRUARY 13
1766 — AU the stock of sugar and molasses (at
MiUtown) quite expended. — Gilliland.
1798 At Fairfax, Vt., was bom Hiram Bellows,
youngest child of Col. James and Trypena (Chandler)
BeUows, who were married at Hartford, Conn., 1780.
FEBRUARY 14
1823 An act was passed authorizing the Judges of
the CHnton Common Pleas to erect " a toUgate "
at or near the dwelling house of Benj. H. Mooers,
eighteen miles west of Plattsburgh village.

1860

Died in Washington, Capt. Horace Bucklin
Sawyer of Plattsburgh, who had served under Lieut.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

49

Sidney Smith, had enduted a year's captivity at
Halifax; served on the Constitution in the engage
ment and capture of the Cyane and Levant ; had been
stationed at Boston; sailed before the mast in an
India ship, served in the South American squadron,
in the West Indies, in the Mediterranean and on
mUitary duty on Canadian frontier. In his travels
he had met Capt. Douglass, the Duke of Wellington,
Sir Edward Codrington, Admiral Sir Michael Sey
mour, Sir Astley Cooper, Gen. Lafayette and many
others. For many years, previous to 1850, Capt.
Sawyer lived in the wooden house, built about 1820,
No. 268 Main Street, Burlington, but after his mar
riage to Miss Wadworth, a sister of Mrs. Cornelius
Halsey of Plattsburgh, he removed to that place
Hving at No. 40 Cornelia Street. His wife and
several chUdren survived him.

FEBRUARY 15
1766 AU the 8 bbl. pork and 3 carcasses of beef being
finished J. W. set out for Crown Point for sweetening
which he sent home the 20th. — Gilliland.
1767 warm, duU weather. — Idem.
1782 Wm. Irish, Leonard Owen, Amos Mansfield,
Absalom Taylor and Thos. Dewey commenced the
settlement of the township of Milton. They were
soon joined by Gideon Hoxsie, Zebadiah Dewey,
Enoch and EHsha Ashley with others.
In Stephentown, N. Y., to Capt. John Douglas,
patriot, and Hannah Brown his wife, was born a
daughter, AbigaU. With her parents she removed
to Chazy in 1793 and, about 1801, became the wife
of John Louis Fouquet who, in 1798 had opened a
smaU boarding house in Plattsburgh, near the site

50 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
of the present Fouquet house. This first buUding
was burned during the battle of Plattsburgh by hot
balls from the fort and the next year (1815) a second
house was built which was destroyed by fire in 1864.
This couple had four chUdren, Douglas Louis, Merrit
Louis, Hannah Louise and Amherst Douglas.
1834 Birth of Frank Palmer (afterwards Colonel) son
of William Palmer who came to Plattsburgh from
Hoosick, Rensselaer Co., N. Y., about 1840. WUHam
Palmer combined the occupations of farmer, mer
chant and manufacturer of cotton and woolen cloths.
He buUt the first mills on the sites now occupied by
the Lake Champlain Pulp and Paper Company; also,
the woolen mills on Bridge street.

FEBRUARY 16
1767 — got our hay and the Bateaux brought by
oxen across Eliza Bay to Eliza Point and hailed up
on the bank, went with R. McAuley, to WUlson and
Goodrich's house in Burton to take an acct. of their
effects in the hands of their manager Wm. HtUme,
which we did, they having broke up their settlement
and discharged their said Steward. We took 2
sleighs loaded with the most valuable goods to the
Messrs. McAuley's house, the sleighs being drawn by
Hukne's men.
This day began a survey of the edge of the lake
from the eastern extremity of the sandy beach on
Pine point to the Cloven Rock. — Gilliland.
1789 Gen. Allen's remains were interred with the
honors of war in the grave yard at Winooski falls,
(Green Mount Cemetery) his military friends from
Bennington and all the surrounding country assem-
bHng to do him honor. Ira Allen, his youngest

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 51
brother, arrived in Burlington on the day of Ethan's
death and wrote of it to their brother Levi, then in
London. Upon Winooski's pleasant shore
Brave Allen sleeps 
And there beneath the murmuring pine
Is freedom's consecrated shrine.
—Mary Hunton of Hyde Park.
1847 A ladies' fair was held in the lower room of the
Academy which netted about $600 and the sum
augmented by private contributions and money
voted by the Trustees enabled the latter to add a
third story and buUd up the angle then included
between the north and west wings, painting the
whole. These repairs were completed by Septem
ber I, 1850.
1891 Public meeting for discussing the matter of
raising funds for purchase of necessary lands for
Plattsburgh MUitary Post Extension. Committee
appointed on purchase of land, finances, and reso
lutions.
FEBRUARY 17
I said in my doubting heart,
" Our lives are set oceans apart."
Then Love took his measuring wand.
And lo! neither sea was nor land! — James Buckham..
1814 Benjamin Hazen Mooers, son of Gen. Benj.
Mooers was married to Margaret Piatt, daughter of
Dr. John and EHzabeth (Smith) MUler.
1857 Died in St. Albans, the Rev. David Dobie,
pastor of the Presbyterian Chtirch in Plattsburgh
1 844-1 85 5. Of his father he often said, " I would
rather have the memory of my father's piety and

52 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
my interest in his prayers than the best wordly
estate that was ever left a child."

FEBRUARY 18
1767 — this morning observed the bearing of Logan's
point from G. Belton's and foimd it to be N. 38° E. —
then R. McAiUey's, W. McAuley's, and G. Belton
went with me on a straight Hne, over the ice to
Logan's; at the west end of Logan's point took an
observation of the bearing of McAuley's house which
found to be S. 75° W. on which course chained across
and found the distance to be 355 i chains, from
McAuley's door to the end of Pine Sandy point, or
rather the east end of the easternmost log lying on
Sd point, and found it to be N. 11° E. Distance, on
that line (which we chained) 71 chains.
— this day our people were girdHng trees on
Camp Island.-^^illiland. FEBRUARY 19
1767 — this day I came home; the weather has been
rather sharp these 3 days, this however was the
warmest, though a strong wind, but it was southerly.
—Gilliland.
1807 Pliny Moore was appointed judge in the Court
of Common Pleas.
1814 " Your company is requested on
" Thursday evening, the twenty-fourth
" instant, at a BaU, to be given
" at Israel Green's Hotel.
" Major Lomax, ]
" Capt. Rees,
" John Bleecker, h^anagers.
" R. H. Walworth, J

FROM AN OIL PORTRAIT NOW OWNED BY A DESCENDANT IN CHICAGO
GENERAL BENJAMIN MOOERS
1758-1838

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 53
This invitation was printed in old EngHsh text,
on the reverse side of an ordinary playing card, the
Queen of Diamonds.
1839 Zephaniah Palmer surveyed what is now called
Lyon Street, west of Port Jackson.
1844 Died in the house on Water Street, built by him
in 1796, the first of brick in Burlington, Dr. John
Pomeroy aged nearly 79 years. For forty years he
had been a leading physician and surgeon, occupying
at first a log cabin which stood in what is now Pearl
Street. At sixteen he was a soldier in the patriot
army but afterwards studied Physic. " He was a
unitarian of the most thorough kind."

FEBRUARY 20
1767 — a warm south wind produces a great thaw
(together with a little rain) the snow was reduced
to about a foot or less. — Gilliland.
Almost any one may notice, I am sure, a difference
between the sounds of the two winter winds — ^for there are two,
as I have indicated. The first wind is painfully sharp and
strained and seems pitched in a minor key. The second is
rounder and fuller and more resonant, with a certain robust
quality, and rings out plainly in a major key.
— James Buckham in A Pneumatic Calendar.
1802 Chesterfield taken from Willsborough.
1838 At his home, comer of Pern and Bridge Streets,
died Gen. Benjamin Mooers, a soldier of the Revolu
tion and early settler of CHnton coimty of which he
was the first sheriff and, for 42 consecutive years,
from 1 788-1 830, county treasurer, besides holding
many other important offices.

54 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
In the war of 1812 as Major General of the State
militia, he was placed in command of the Northern
division, the State being divided into two grand
divisions — north and south. His command did
picket duty and resisted the enemy's advance from
beyond Culver's HUl to Plattsburg, guarding every
point along the Saranac with great vigUance.
1853 Died in Plattsburgh, Mary Daggett, wife of
Robert Piatt and the last survivor of her father's
famUy. Her father, the Rev. Naptha Daggett of
New Haven was President of Yale CoUege from
1766 to 1777, and his daughter "inherited the
Puritan faith and the Puritan integrity and simplicity
of character in a marked degree." In 1833 her hus
band gave the land upon which the M. E. Church at
Valcour stands, paid for the mason work and doubt
less contributed towards its erection. Shortly after,
during a series of revival services held in it Robert
Piatt made a profession of his faith and united with
that church.

FEBRUARY 21
1767 ¦ — last night it began to freeze, and this day it
froze very hard, with a cold north wind; yesterday
we broke the tongue of our log sleigh, and this day
procured another one which is this evening almost
made. Find our coal kiln not J burnt, owing we
suppose to the want of sod in covering it, the sods
we put on being only lumps of sandy loam frozen,
which when thawed run down between the biUets
of wood and choked the kiln. — GiUiland.
1784 At Westminster Gen. Ethan AUen was married
to Mrs. Fanny Buchanan, " a lady possessing in an
eminent degree, every graceful qualification requisite

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 55
to render the hymeneal bonds feHcitous." From this
union there were three children, Ethan Voltaire,
Hannibal and Fanny, who became a nun and died
in the Hotel Dieu in Montreal. Fanny Allen Hos
pital in Burlington perpetuates her name.

FEBRUARY 22
1797 Was bom Horace Bucklin Sawyer, third son of
Col. James Sawyer who removed from Brandon to
BurHngton in 1786, his father, Col. Ephraim Sawyer
of Lancaster, Mass., with his numerous family
emigrating the same year to Grand Isle county, Vt.
1826 The Rev. Moses Chase ordained and installed
pastor of the First Presbyterian church. " A man
of stalwart frame, strong mind and noble bearing.
* * * He spoke with authority, and not as the
scribe ; and his speech was effective. Strong men and
aged sinners were bowed and brought to repentance by
it ; and this work was proved to be of God. * * *
He was bold and fearless in reproof and warning, and
set against profanity. Sabbath breaking and rum
drinking, rife in the community."
The Rev. Alanson D. Barber (Beekmantown, 1818 — Willis-
ton, Vt. 1902) m sermon on "The Pastors of the Church" — Cen
tennial Anniversary — Oct. 1897.
1833 The Champlain Transportation Company be
came owner of the real estate at Shelburn Harbor,
together with both the old " Champlain Steamboat
Company's " boats, the " Phoenix " and the " Con
gress." " Nothing is clearer to my view than that politics and
the temperance reformation should never be blended. "
— Jonas Piatt.

56 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1834 Died at his home in Pem near Port Jackson,
to which he had come in 1829 on the invitation of his
brother Robert who gave him half of his own pro
ductive acres, Judge Jonas Piatt, " one of the most
distinguished men in the State — wise, upright and
patriotic, as weU as learned, eloquent and able."
The public offices and positions of trust held by him
are almost too numerous to mention, but his last
years were spent quietly overlooking Lake Cham
plain " winning the friendship of all who knew him
and doing good as he found opportunity."
1908 In celebration of Washington's birthday Saranac
Chapter, D. A. R. held a reception at the home of
Mrs. A. M. Warren, granddaughter of Peter SaUly
in whose honor the flag of France was displayed with
that of America. In the ancestral home which stood
on the same site and a part of which is used in the
present structure, John Jacob Astor, Eleazer WiUiams,
(thought by many to be Louis XVII heir to the throne
of France), and such army officers as chanced to be
stationed at the Barracks, were often entertained
during the long period when Mr. SaiUy was coUector
of customs. It was here that desperate smugglers
intent upon the recovery of goods that had been
seized made a night attack but without success.
Family heirlooms, among them an arm chair once
the property of Washington were displayed.

FEBRUARY 23
1767 — moderate weather, from this day to ist
March, were employed in cutting fencing stuff, and
white oak, black birch, elm, beech, maple, and ash,
for sawing, being the best season for cutting timber
for last. — Gilliland.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 57
1781 Alburgh, Vt., received its charter. Its first set
tlers were from St. Johns in Lower Canada who had
fled there as loyalists from the states during the
Revolution.
1805 First Calvinistic Congregational Society of Bur
lington organized. In 1905, celebrated its centennial.
1820 Birth in Monkton, Addison Co., Vt., of Daniel
Dodge, who revolutionized the making of horse-shoe
nails. The first of this branch of the Dodge family
in America, came from England and was a hoe-
maker by trade. By accident while pursuing that
occupation he discovered a simpler method of making
nails than the one then used and this knowledge was
passed from father to son. Jordan Dodge, grand
father of Daniel, an itinerant Baptist minister,
removed from Connecticut to Granville, Vt., where
he worked at his trade during the week and the Rev.
John A., father of Daniel, also learned the trade.
1865 A portion of the town of Burlington, about one
mUe and a half in width and extending along the
shore of the lake from the Winooski river, its northern
boundary, to a line about six miles south, was char
tered as a city. FEBRUARY 24
1767 — set out for Great Sandy Point in order to
survey from thence to the north end of John Fris-
weU's patent; arrived at the south end of high sandy
cHffs (Ausable Point) at dark where we encamped
and had a cold uncomfortable night's lodging on
the snow, firewood being scarce there. — Gilliland.
1854 Died in Burlington, John Howard, for thirty-
five years proprietor of Howard's Hotel and father

58 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
of Sion Earl, Daniel Dyer and John Purple (better
known as John P.) Howard, late of the Irving House,
New York, and Hannah Louisa and Catherine Maria,
wife of Amos C. Spear. He was also survived by
his wife Hannah Earl through marriage with whom
in 1797 their children are lineal descendants not only
of Roger Williams, but of Philip Sherman, and Dyer
and Earl, his associates.
EHzabeth C. Piatt, daughter of Hon. Moss K.
Piatt and wife of John L. Stetson, died.
1876 The greenhouses of Wm. H. Bailey, a grandson
of Judge Wm. Bailey, were burned.
1879 Howard Opera House, built on the site of the
old Bank of Burlington by John P. Howard, was
opened to the public. For twenty-five years it was
used as an opera house and was one of the best
audience rooms in New England but business require
ments demanded its reconstruction for store and
office purposes.
1909 From the bottom of the lake at Ticonderoga
was raised a British war sloop, one of three, burned
and sunk in 1777 by Col. Brown of Massachusetts
after his re-capture of the fort. The sloop is ninety
feet in length with two large cannon baUs imbedded
in the bow. FEBRUARY 25
1767 — a warm pleasant day, proceeded to the south
branch of Au Sable river, at the south side whereof
began to survey northerly along Lake Champlain.
— Gilliland.
1820 Beekmantown formed from Plattsburgh and
named from WiUiam Beekman, the patentee of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 59
Beekman Patent. It was then a strip of land about
four mUes wide and extending from East to West,
across the county.
1 850 The Plattsburgh and Montreal railroad organized.
1858 Died John Freligh Piatt, only son of Moss Kent
Piatt, aged 20 years.
1898 Suddenly, at her home on Cumberland avenue,
Fanny C. Bentley Wever, a member of Saranac
Chapter and descendant of the patriot and pioneer,
Capt. John Douglas of Chazy.
And are they not then nearer, whom we see
With eyes no longer blind ? — James Buckham.
FEBRUARY 26
1767 — a close, dark, warm day; in the forenoon
windy, in the afternoon some rain; it thawed fast;
proceeded on the survey northerly. — the next
course to this is N. 83° W., but the ice being covered
with water we proceeded no further; supposed the
dist. on this course to be about 8 ch. to S. end of the
bay. The ist considerable point from the end of
course, N. 75° bears N. 8° W. ; the 2d point bears
north, the 3d point N. 2° E. being the point this side
of Fredenbourgh, I think the S. east end of Cumber
land Head bears N. 52° 30' E., the N. W. end Island
St. Michael bears N. 58° E., south end of Island St.
Michael N. 77° E., south end of Grand Isle S. 55° E.
Returned this night to Hulme's, where I stayed
aU night. — Gilliland.
1797 Moses Hazen Mooers, nephew of Gen. Benj.
Mooers, set out with his famUy from " HavershUl "
to " Plats Bourgh."
1881 New grist mill commenced on Flat.

6o Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1909 The Lake Champlain Association of New York
city held its first annual reunion at Delmonico's.
At the dinner over which JuHus Seymour presided,
short addresses were made by the president of the
association, Hon. Francis Lynde Stetson and Gover
nor Hughes. FEBRUARY 27
1766 This day J. W. returned from Crown Point hav
ing brought I bbl. rum, i bbl. molasses, a i bbl. pork
from thence to Sloop island, whence it was brought
by a sleigh and pair from C. Point which was obHged
to insure at £50. Ayers and King had been for
several days absent, some thought they were himting,
others thought they ran off. — ¦Gilliland.
1767 — I came home this morning, this day my
;^io heifer calved, moderate warm weather, thaws
fast. — GiUiland.
1782 Grant of township formerly caUed Brownington
to Samuel William Johnson and his associates.
1866 The edifice of the third Congregational Society
of Burlington, erected on the southwest corner of
College and South Union streets, dedicated. It is
of Gothic architecture and cost $50,000, its fine
organ and beautiful stained-glass windows being
memorial gifts from Mrs. H. P. Hickok, Mr. George
Morton and Mr. J. H. Converse.
1877 Rouses Point incorporated as a village.
FEBRUARY 28
1766 — this day Luckey, Hicks and Taylor, — but
word being come up that Ayers and King were
returned, those 3 went to them.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 6l
*^^^ , — the cattle were aU brought home, having
finished the hay in the far meadows.
Memorandum, that in December last, Mr. James
Thompson deputy surveyor, and I performed a
survey of part of the river Boquet, beginning at the
head of MUltown FaUs, 32 Hnks distant from the
edge of the river.— Gilliland.
1779 WUHam Hay, the first settler in what is now
Pem, died. He Hved on Stewart's Patent, on the
farm now owned by Capt. Johnson and is said to
have witnessed the naval engagement between
Benedict Arnold and the British, known as the battle
of Valcour.
1787 Patents were granted to Zephaniah Piatt for
the " Little Location," of 6,600 acres and for Isle
St. Michael (Crab Island).
1844 The Rev. David Dobie became pastor of the
First Presb)rterian church, "a young Scotchman,
in his thirty-third year " who labored diligently and
indefatigably among the people of this parish until
faUing health compeUed his resignation.

FEBRUARY 29
1756 — Agreeable to orders from Col. Glasier, (then
commanding at Fort William Henry) I this day
marched with a party of fifty-six men down the west
side of Lake George. We continued our route north
ward tUl the fifth of March. — Rogers the Ranger.
1793 It was in the month of Febmary, while Congress
was enacting the laws by which Vermont was to
become a member of the Union, that Prince Edward,

62 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
the fourth son of George the third, then a young man
of twenty-four, afterwards Duke of Kent and father
of Queen Victoria, passed through the Champlain
vaUey. He had been in command of a regiment at
Quebec and was now on his way to Boston.
Arriving at Chazy with a large party, he crossed
in thirteen carryalls and sleighs on the ice to Grand
Isle and thence to BurHngton, remaining untU the
third day. At that time there were but seven frame
houses in the town and that of Phineas Loomis
(site south-west corner of William Street), a large
oak framed two story dwelHng house just completed
and surrounded by the original forest was the only
one at which the Prince and his suite could be enter
tained. At BurHngton the teamsters were dismissed to
retum to Canada and others engaged to take the
Prince to Boston. The lady accompanying him,
with whom he always conversed in French, started
for New York, the two to meet, it was understood,
in the West Indies. Before parting the Prince saw
that the fur robes were tucked snugly about the
traveller while a large dog lay at her feet.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 63
MARCH 1
The March wind, we might say, is the answer to the
February wind's hopeful question, the absolute and jubilant
conflrmation of its rumor. — James Buckham.
1763 Discontent and rebellion among the settlers of
MiUtown, put down by the wisdom and energy of
Watson, a half-brother of WiUiam GiUiland, whom
he had left as steward of his property. The fugitives
from the settlement with their stolen property were
overtaken at Perue Bay. Most of them ultimately
returned to their allegiance.
1767 — soft thawing weather. — Gilliland.
1799 Essex County formed from Clinton.
1809 Mr. SaiUy received his appointment as CoUector
of Customs and within four weeks from that date
he had personaUy visited the frontier from Rouses
Point to the French MiUs. He appointed as deputies
Marinus Francis Durand, Cumberland Head; Horace
Olds, WhitehaU; Samuel Hicks, Champlain ViUage;
Benjamin Graves, Chazy; Johns Hunsden, French
MUls.
1830 The First Baptist church of Westport legally
incorporated with the following trustees: Gideon
Hammond, Piatt R. Halstead, Ira Henderson, George
B. Reynolds, Dr. Dan S. Wright, Horace Holcomb
and John Kingsley.
1876 At his home on Macdonough street died Hon.
Moss Kent Piatt. He had been a State Senator,
a Republican Presidential Elector in 1868, in '72
Inspector of State Prisons and since 1841 a raling
elder of the First Presbyterian church.

64 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

MARCH 2
The March wind is the most positive of all winds in the
pneumatic calendar, and no one questions his ability to identify
it, no matter under what circumstances it may be heard.
— James Buckham.
1767 — soft, thawing weather, killed the 2 sows, this
afternoon Wm. Bogert of Albany left 7 hhds. of rum
with me not being able to proceed down the lake,
the ice being bad. — Gilliland.
1814 About the first of the month Maj. Forsyth, with
300 Riflemen and Dragoons had been sent to the
lines near Champlain to protect the frontier and
break up an ilHcit intercourse which had been carried
on with the enemy during the winter, whUe Gen.
Macomb and Col. Clark had been sent to the Vermont
frontier for a similar purpose. The British becom
ing alarmed had occupied LacoUe and strengthened
the forts at St. Johns and Isle Aux Noix.
1819 Caleb Luther of Chazy became Sheriff of Clinton
county, which office he held untU Dec. 31, 1824.
1826 In the " yellow school house " Mr. Ebenezer
Mott from Crown Point was ordained pastor of the
Baptist church of KeesevUle, the Revs. Samuel
ChurchiU of Elizabethtown, Ephraim Smith of Chat
eaugay, Jeremy H. Dyer of Westport, and Stephen
Wise of Jay assisting.
1860 FeU asleep in Christ at Champlain the Rev.
Abraham D. Brinkerhoff, for twelve years the faith
ful and beloved pastor of the Congregational Presby
terian church at that place. Thirteen clergymen
acted as pall bearers at his funeral.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 65
MARCH 3
1763 _ He (Watson) then set off privately for Crown
Point. — Gilliland' s Journal.
*767 — a snow storm, thaw continues; wrote by Mr.
McKay, to Thos. Shipbog, Isaac Mann, Mr. Todd,
wheelwright, etc.
1789 The inhabitants of Clinton county decide to
build a block-house at Plattsburgh to be used as a
jaU. This block-house on the lake shore was after
wards enlarged and used as a court house, school
house and place of worship.
1815 The VUlage of Plattsburgh incorporated. The
first trustees were: Wm. Bailey, Jonathan Griffin,
John Palmer, Reuben H. Walworth, Levi Piatt,
Sam'l Moore.
1833 At her home in Plattsburgh died Mary BaUey
Hughes, third wife of Gen. Benj. Mooers. She was
a daughter of Col. John Bailey of Dutchess county
and sister of Judge Wm. BaUey of Plattsburgh.
Her first husband was General Hughes of Revolu
tionary fame.
1879 The resignation of the Rev. Edwin A. BuMey,
D.D., pastor of the First Presbyterian church, took
effect. MARCH 4
1763 On the night of the 4th returned with 6 soldiers,
lay aU night at George Belton's, there he got intel
ligence that all were gone off. — Gilliland.
1767 — frosty morning, sent to the meadows for hay.
Mr. Dean arrived here and agreed to become a settler

66 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
on the lot df land I formerly granted to Wm. Luckey,
to which Luckey has consented and I have agreed.
— Gilliland.
1791 Vermont admitted into the Union as a separate
and independent state.
Vermont! thou art a glorious State,
Though small in acres and in skies;
But 'tis not leng^th that make one great.
Nor breadth that gives a nation size.
Thy mountains and thy mountain air
Have reared a noble race of men.
And women, fairest of the fair.
Their labors and their love to share.
Where shall we see their like again?
I love them all, which most I shan't advise.
Thy mountains, maidens or thy pumpkin pies.
— A Vermonter in Clinton County Whig, Aug., 1851.
1813 Col. Pike's regiment left Plattsburgh.
1875 Died Charlotte Mooers Moore, daughter of Gen.
Benj. Mooers and widow of Col. Amasa C. Moore.
MARCH 5
1756 We continued our route northward * * * and
then steered east to Lake Champlain, about six mUes
north of Crown Point where by the inteUigence we
had from the Indians we expected to find some
inhabited vUlages. We then attempted to cross the
lake, but found the ice too weak.
— Robert Rogers, the Ranger.
Dunbarton, N. H., 1727— England, abt. 1800.
Every man did that which was right in his own eyes.
— Judges, 17, 6.
1763 Set out from G. Belton's for MUltown, found G.
Hicks' house locked up. At Ayers found aU their

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 67
cattle ready shod, brought all the cattle home and
marked them W. G., leaving a guard over Ayers'
house least Mrs. Ayers or Mrs. Hicks should run
away with intelHgence after the fellows, who were
but a little way off.
Made immediate pursuit after the fellows from
Ayers' to Bay Perrow; we soon came up with a large
chest; about half way from the river to the bay
found the ox sleigh well loaded, proceeded to within
•^ mile of the bay, where found Mr. Ayer and George
Hicks, returning, after sending the others off; here
discovered Hicks, proceeded to the bay, but could
not see any of the others, they made quite off; then
returned and brought all the goods home this night.
— Gilliland.
1767 — drew our coal kiU, the weather warm and
clear. — Gilliland.
1785 Charles Piatt " set out " or, in other words
began his journey from Dutchess county, in this
state. At this time the snow was very deep and he
traveled with horse and sleds all the way, coming
on the ice through the lake.
I see the sparkling snow ;
I view the mountain tops;
I mark the frozen lake below.
Or the dark rugged rocks. — Margaret Miller Davidson.
1816 In -an upper room of the Academy buUding The
Clinton County Bible Society was organized with
PHny Moore of Champlain, as President; Dr. John
MUler as Vice-President; Azariah Flagg, as Treas.;
Wm. Swetland, Sec. Directors.
The Rev, J. Byington and Roswell Ransom of
Chazy, David Savage of Champlain, The Rev.

68 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Nathaniel Hewitt, Wm. Pitt Piatt, James Trow
bridge and Gen. Melancton L. Woolsey, of Platts
burgh.
1880 The Rev. Joseph Gamble, pastor-elect of the
First Presbyterian church began his labors.
1909 After more than two years' service in Cuba, the
Fifth Infantry, including forty-two officers, band,
machine gun platoon and 520 enHsted men, under
command of Col. C. D. Cowles, returns to Platts
burgh Barracks.

MARCH 6
1763 — 6th, 7th, 8th March, the soldiers being storm-
staid, set them to clear the ice from the trough and
saw mUl. — Gilliland.
1767 — the weather warm and clear. — Idem.
1783 Capt. Twiss is directed by " R. M." in a letter
written from Quebec to purchase horses and sleds
from the Loyalists who have arrived with them at
the Loyal Block House and cannot return on account
of bad ice.— Ganadian Archives.
1806 Uriah Palmer was elected deacon of the Baptist
church at KeesevUle.
1811 Among the subscribers who agree to pay ten
dollars for each share subscribed by them towards
defraying the expense of building a school house in
the village of Plattsburgh, we find Charles Marsh,
I share; George Marsh, 3 shares; GUead Sperry and
Swetland, 5 shares; GUead Sperry i share. George
Marsh was one of the first trustees.

JUDGE PLINY MOORE
First White Settler of Champlain
1759-1822

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 69
1838 Essex County Academy at Westport received
a charter from the Regents. The first tmstees
were Aaron B. Mack, Judge Charies Hatch, Charles
B. Hatch, George B. Reynolds, Ira Henderson,
Norris McKinney, Barnabas Myrick, Caleb P. Cole
and Joseph Cole. For twenty years this was one of
the important schools in the valley, receiving pupUs
from New York and Montreal, from Vermont and
all the towns of the county. The buUding was
burned about 1874. MARCH 7
1767 — executed leases for Mr. Dean, and let him
and Luckey have sundrys for their settlement on
their farm, the snow almost off the ground, especially
where it has been cleared, the sun having much
power, our wheat appears well, only the tops of the
blades are withered.— Gilliland.
Yet winter has some beauties left,
Which cheer my heart forlorn. — Margaret Miller Davidson.
1788 Clinton county erected from Washington and
comprising four sub-divisions, viz., Champlain, Platts
burgh, WiUsborough, and Crown Point, Lieut. Benj.
Mooers commissioned First Sheriff of Clinton county.
Champlain, one of the original towns of the county,
formed. The first settlers were Scotch refugees and
the lands were surveyed by Lieut. Mooers, while the
first surveyor of the " Moorfield Patent " was Pliny
Moore, afterwards Judge Moore. The first house
was erected by the refugee Louis Goseline as early
as 1784. He was also the first mason.
1854 Edward Bingham Chamberlain examined and
approved by Suffolk South Association in Boston
at the house of Dr. Lyman Beecher. _ ^ ;

•JO Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1862 The 96th Regiment organized at Plattsburgh,
during the winter of 1 861-2, under the command
of Col. James Fairman, was mustered into the service
of the United States and ready for " marching
orders." MARCH 8
1767 — went on the river ice to the lake, slopy walking
the sun thawing fast, went to Mr. Auley's and stayed
aU night. — Gilliland.
1814 The commission of John Larkins, son of Loren
Larkin, as Lieutenant of a Company in the 36th
Regiment of Infantry, Thomas MiUer Lieutenant-
Colonel Commandant, passed the Secretary's Office,
J. Ruten Van Rensselaer, Sec.

MARCH 9
1763 — J. W. set out with the soldiers for Crown
Point, where he was detained 4 days, during which
time he bought from Mr. Benzel the time of David
Phleming, and from Capt. Brown's man 2 sows —
and was then obliged to pay ;^5 or £,(> for mending
soldier's guns, which were broke falling on the ice.
— Gilliland.
1767 — all hands went to make a yard for our hay,
on my own lot on Eliza point, when we determined
to bring aU the hay remaining at Eliza meadow, and
there to feed our dry cattle, here I have agreed with
Thos. Burke to clear twenty acres of land for,
— Gilliland.
MARCH 10
1767 — engaged George Reynold for — month at :i£i6
per ann. and John Davi for — months at £10 per

1767

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 71
ann. This was a pleasant warm day, sent over
cattle to Eliza point; yesterday during our absence
George Hick's cow having gone into the ox stable
was kUled by one of the oxen. — Gilliland.
MARCH 11
— a bitter cold day, freezes hard. — this day
I made a survey of the south shore of Encamping
island, beginning at the north east corner thereof.
— Gilliland.
1818 InstaUation of the Rev. Samuel W. Whelpley
over the First Presbyterian church of Plattsburgh
and the Rev. Stephen Kinsley over the daughter of
this church, the Presbyterian Church of Beekman
town. The sermon on this occasion on the text
Ezk. iu:i7, " The Spiritual Watchman " was preached
by the Rev. Daniel Haskell, pastor of the Congre
gational church of Burlington, Vermont and the
charge to the people was given by President Austin
of the University of Vermont.
Mr. Whelpley, originally from New England and a
Baptist had, while principal of Morristown Academy, N. J.,
united with the Presbyterian Church, publishing his reasons
for a change of views in a " Discourse delivered in the First
Church." He was already an author of note when he came
to Plattsburgh, having the previous year published " The
Triangle " in which the leaders and views of the " Old
School Theology " had been keenly criticised. This work
created a sensation and undoubtedly hastened the division
in the Presbyterian Church into Old and New School.
MARCH 12
1767 — a very cold day, as cold as at New Year's day.
Messrs. McCracken, Rice, and Price, this day arrived
from Montreal, on their journey for New York.
— Gilliland.

72 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1772 Albany County divided, the new county includ
ing both sides of Lake Champlain and taking its
name from Charlotte, daughter of WiUiam GUlUand
and wife of the first clerk of Essex county, Stephen
Cuyler.
1785 Charles Piatt arrived in Plattsburgh from
Dutchess county.
How truly grand the scene!
The giant trees are bare.
No fertile meadows intervene,
No hillocks fresh and fair.
— Margaret Miller Davidson.
1789 Vergennes elected Enoch Woodbridge, its first
mayor, subsequently chief justice of the Supreme
Court.
1805 Reuben Baker received of EHsha Arnold ten
doUars Town Bounty for having kiUed a wolf in the
Town of Peru.
1813 Lake Champlain Steamboat Company chartered
by New York.
1856 The Rev. Edward B. Chamberlain ordained and
installed pastor of the Presbyterian church in Platts
burgh, President Pease of the U. V. M., his Alma
Mater, preaching the sermon.
MARCH 13
1767 — almost as cold as yesterday and small snow,
conveyed the above gen^i to Eliza point, where I
have two men clearing land. — Gilliland.
1804 Birth in Champlain of Lemuel, second son of
Reuben and Lois (Smedley) Stetson. Lemuel Stetson
became a law student in the office of Judge JuHus C.
HubbeU of Chazy and later in that of Judge Lynde

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 75
of Plattsburgh. After his admission to the bar he
removed to KeesevUle where he was "one of the
lights of the KeeseviUe bar " untU the spring of 1848.
1808 In Highgate (Saxe's Mills), Vt., died John Sax,
the pioneer and ancestor of all of that name in the
vaUey. Bom in 1732 in Langen, Saltzo in Hanover
(now Pmssia), bereft of father at fourteen he made
his way to Amsterdam and from there, with a com
panion, came to the " British province of Pennsyl
vania in America." Later he settled in the Province
of New York remaining loyal to the king. Here
(Rhinebeck) he was suspected of giving aid and
comfort to the enemy, was arrested and thrown into
prison at Esopus (now Kingston). Though threat
ened with death, he, conscious of his integrity,
declared defiantly " There is not a rope in Esopus
strong enough to hang me." After many months
he was released there being no evidence against him.
He then disposed of his property and, in June, 1786
sought the Champlain VaUey. Soon after coming
to America he had applied himself with aU diligence
to mastering the English language but all his Hfe
enjoyed reading his German Bible and the services
of the Lutheran church were held at his home where
gathered all his German neighbors of the same faith.
He was particularly anxious for the welfare and
education of his children and it was his grandson,.
John G. Saxe, the poet who wrote:
Is learning your ambition..'
There is no royal road ;
Alike the peer and peasant
Must climb to her abode ;
Who feels the thirst of knowledge,
In Helicon may slake it
If he has still the Roman will,
" I'll find a way, or makejit! " — John G. Saxe.

74 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
The pioneer's remains rest in the cemetery at
PhiHpsburg, Canada.
1890 The S. F. VUas Home for Aged and Infirm
Women formaUy opened.
MARCH 14
1767 — " very cold clear weather," It was on this
day that the carcass, hide and taUow of George
Hicks' cow mentioned before, was disposed of at
pubHc auction, the net proceeds being £z 15 2.
" This was a very cold clear day." — Gilliland.
1786 Hearing before the Commissioners of the Land
office of the State of New York, at Mr. Heyers in the
City of New York, of the claims of WUHam GilHland
to several locations made by him under certain
rights of sundry officers and privates of the Two
Regiments raised for the defence of the State, which
locations were subsequently set aside by this Board
for the Canadian and Nova Scotia Refugees.
1909 Col. C. D. Cowles receives through the War
Department, his commission as a brigade commander
in the inaugural parade at Washington on March 4.
His brigade, the third, was composed of the Cuban
Army of Pacification and included the Fifth Infantry
(Organized 1798, one hundred and eleven years old.
Campaign War, 181 2; Black Hawk and Seminole
Indian Wars; Mexican and Civil Wars; Frontier
Indian Wars; service in Cuba; PhiHppine Insurrec
tion; Cuban Pacification) Major W. O. Clark, com
manding. MARCH 15
1760 In Dutchess county was born Dr. John MiUer
who came to Plattsburgh in 1795 with the family of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 75
Judge Zephaniah Piatt and the AveriUs. He built
the house at the head of Broad street, now known
as the HartweU place and resided there for more
than forty years. His farm extended from the
Saranac river on the south to the Capt. Nathaniel

dr. JOHN MILLER
Piatt estate on the north and the Edward Viel Allen
place on the west. Dr. MUler was the pioneer
physician of Plattsburgh, making his caUs on horse
back with the saddle-bags slung across the saddle.
1767 Guy (?) weather begins to thaw.
1790 Zepha Piatt gave Melancton Smith " rect. and
discharge in full."
1793 Capt. John Douglas, son of Asa, from Stephen-
town, N. Y., landed with his wife and seven chUdren
at the lake shore of Chazy. His was the first EngHsh
famUy that settled in the town and he became a
man of great influence as the settlement increased.
1834 Lake Champlain is now free from ice. — Platts
burgh Republican.

"jd Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
MARCH 16
1757 While the lake was still frozen and the snow
lay in heavy drifts along its shores, a party of i,ioo
French and 400 Canadian Indians under Vaudreuil
and the Chevalier Longueuil having marched from
Ticonderoga lay all night upon the snow behind
Long Point.
1776 Birth in Rhinebeck, N. Y., of Matthew, fourth
son of John and Catherine (Weaver) Sax. Matthew
became a pioneer of Chazy and from him and his
brothers Saxe's Landing took its name.
1813 The 6th regiment left Plattsburgh.
1826 In his home on Cumberland Avenue, died Hon.
Peter SaiUy, Collector of Customs for this district
from 1809 until his death.
1874 The association for a united, systematic effort
in behalf of homeless waifs and strays of the street
and county house, organized by Margaret F. Piatt,
Sarah S. Williams, Catherine Frederica Buckley,
Joanne W. Clark, Deborah T. S. Bixby, Mary M.
Foot, Margaret E. Edwards, Margaret S. Palmer,
Hannah S. Lansing, Welthy H. Orvis, Francis D. L.
HaU, Charlotte M. Norton, Margaret P. Myers.
MARCH 17
In Cumberland Bay fair Undine to-day
Lies bound in the fetters of sleep.
But her lover, the Sun, soon northward will come
To waken his bride of the deep. — Marion Stetson Palmer.
I Champlain, 1837 — Plattsburgh, 1885.
1756 We returned and marched round by the bay to
the west of Crown Point, and at night got into the

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley jy
cleared land among their houses and barns. Here
we formed an ambush, expecting their labourers out
to tend their cattle and clean their grain, of which
there were several barns full. We continued there
that night, and next day tiU dark; when discovering
none of the enemy, we set fire to the houses and barns,
and marched off. — Rogers the Ranger.
— the only scout of fame, who after Lexington
loved the King of England better than his country.
— W. H. H. Murray.
1757 The French, early the next morning, suddenly
appeared before Fort WUHam Henry, but John Stark
with his rangers, forced the assaUants back although
they succeeded in burning several sloops, a large
number of bateaux, and some store houses which
stood beyond the reach of the fort.
1767 — laid out a piece of land on my mother's lot
to be cleared by Jno. Smith and Thos. Burke, begin
ning at N. Smith's marked tree, on the bank of the
lake, etc. — Gilliland.
1775 The inhabitants of WUlsboro agreed upon regu
lations concerning roads, fences, bridges and hogs,
declaring these "to be binding on us respectively
by every Tie of honor and honesty for the space of
twelve months from this date." The signers were:
WiU Gilliland, Thomas Day, Martin Armstrong,
Ebenezer White, George Bremmers, George Belton,
WUHam Wykes, Nathaniel Blood, Jonathan Flint,
Thomas Day, WiUiam Cammeron, Jotham Gardner,
Jacob Gardner.
1783 Death of Major James Armstrong Wilson of the
Cumberland vaUey who was captured by a party of
observation under Frazier and Scott in July, 1777
but was afterwards exchanged.

78 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1788 In Lanesboro, Berkshire county, Mass., was bom
Julius C. HubbeU who removed to Champlain in
1805 and entered the law office of his brother SUas
as a student at the age of seventeen.
1834 The steam ferry (Winooski, Capt. Dan Lyon)
commenced her trips between Plattsburgh, Port
Kent and Burlington.

MARCH 18
1767 Birth of Christiana Cutler, who became the wife
of " Loren " Larkin and mother of his ten chUdren,
bearing her full share of the hardships of pioneer life
in Clinton county whither they came in 1804. She
died in 1 845 " a very rehgious woman of the Universa
list connection but not of the pronounced views of
that sect."
1767 Wm. GilHland ran the Hne between Robert and
John McAuley's, marking the trees back f of a mUe
to a very large white oak. The same day James
Logan came over on the ice to offer GilHland his
choice of a horse and mare he had brought from
Canada on the i6th. GUliland chose the mare and
Robert McAuley went after her.
1807 At Chateaugay was born John W. BaUey, son
of Judge Wm. and Phebe Piatt BaUey and grandson
of Capt. Nathaniel Piatt of Plattsburgh and Col.
John Bailey of Dutchess county, both active patriots
in the Revolution.
1825 On the Arsenal lot, Broad street, took place the
pubHc execution of Peggy Facto, convicted of mur
dering her infant child. Gen. Benj. Mooers, in whose
famUy the unfortunate woman had once been a

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 79
servant, always believed her innocent. On the day
of her execution many people came on the ice from
Grand Isle to witness the sad scene, but all were
obHged to return by boat.
1854 The fine brick residence of Moss Kent Piatt on
the comer of Macdonough and Macomb streets was
burned. The house with its furnishings was a bridal
gift to Mrs. Piatt from her husband's uncle, the Hon,
Moss Kent. At the time of the fire, a high wind was
blowing and only the walls were left standing; the
mahogany doors and mantel pieces of Italian marble
were, however, saved and placed in the new house
constructed later on the opposite corner.
MARCH 19
1763 J. W. set out from Crown Point for Willsborough. — Gilliland.
1765 Powder horn of Judge Zephaniah Piatt made
at " Poughkeapsy " by Samvel More. It is now in
the possession of John St. Denis of Plattsburgh.
1767 — this forenoon he (Robert. McAuley) came
with the mare, and Mr. Logan on his horse. Yester
day and to-day we had pleasant weather, fine sleigh
ing across the lake ; this afternoon we went down the
river and round Chism's point to R. McAuley's on
the ice. This day the McAuleys begun to draw logs
for themselves to the saw miU, and this day Smith
and Burke began to clear on my mother's lot.
— GiUiland.
MARCH 20
1767 — a warm pleasant day. — Gilliland.
1778 I was appointed ensign in a Regiment com
manded by Col. Moses Hazen, which was organized

So Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
on a different plan from any other regiment in the
Revolutionary war, viz: Colonel, Lieut. Colonel,
four Majors, twenty companies with a Captain,
Lieut, and ensign to each company, which consisted
of three Sergeants, three Corporals, Fifer, Drummer,
and forty-two Privates.
Recollections of Benjamin Mooers, gathered and compiled by him
self in Ms. at Plattsburgh in 1822.
1804 Chazy and Mooers were set off from Champlain.
The name of the former was from Chasy, an officer
of the Carignan regiment, and that of the latter,
from Lieut. Benj. Mooers, first permanent settler
of the county. Sieur de Chasy was stationed at the
new fort of St. Anne when, in June, 1666, ambassa
dors from the Mohawks and Oneidas, stopped there,
bound on a peaceful mission to Quebec. The out
look was so favorable that the French officers relaxed
somewhat their usual vigUance, and Chasy, with
some of his brother officers and men, went on a
hunting and fishing trip in the neighborhood. Here,
they were met by a group of " Iroquois of the Agniers
tribe " and Chasy, who was a nephew of M. de Tracy,
the viceroy with whom the Indian deputies were
then conferring, was killed with de Travesy, whUe
the rest were made prisoners. The news of this
tragedy, reaching Quebec, put an end to all negotia
tions and resulted in the expedition of M. de Sorel
against the Mohawk villages.
The same date, Schroon, named from the
Duchess of Scharon, and Ticonderoga (Brawling
Water) were organized.
1807 First Congregational church in Mooers organized
by thirteen members and the Rev. Benjamin Wooster
and the Rev. Amos PettingUl.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 8i
1859 Death of Hannah Saxe ScoveU, ninth child and
only daughter of John Saxe, the pioneer and wife of
Josiah B. ScoveU.
1907 First Presbyterian church in Mooers celebrated
its looth anniversary.

MARCH 21
1767 — a close thick snow this morning, it appeared
to have feU 2 inches last night. About sun setting,
James Logan set out from EHza sandy point, with
his horse and a sleigh load of hay, to go home over
the ice; he got safe to within ^ mUe of his house»
when his horse fell into a wide crack and was drowned;
Logan returned to McAuley's ; the latter part of this
day was constant sleet and rain, the wind southerly,
the forenoon being a wet snow. — Gilliland.
1838 At Malone Susan Maria Man, daughter of Albon
Man, M. D., and his wife Maria (Piatt) Man, became
the bride of the Hon. Hugh McCuUoch, secretary
of the treasury under Presidents Lincoln and
Johnson. The bride's grandfather on her father's
side was Dr. Ebenezer Man, brigade surgeon at the
battles of Monmouth and Yorktown; and on her
mother's side, the fearless Capt. Nathaniel Piatt.
1842 At the early age of thirty-five, in her home
comer of Margaret and Cornelia streets, died EHza
Piatt, wife of Henry Ketchum AverUl and daughter
of Wm. Pitt Piatt. Her uncle, Chancellor Kent
says of her in writing to her mother (his sister):
" She was a woman of strong mind, and of strong
feelings, and of great energy and decision of char
acter."

82 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
MARCH 22
1767 — the wind about S. W., continued rain last
night to lo o'clock this day; very sloppy and bad
walking; Logan durst not venture to cross the lake,
the snow and water concealing the most dangerous
places. — Gilliland.
1772 John Munro and others from Albany effected
the capture of Remember Baker in his home in
ArHngton but he was rescued by Warner and others
before the Hudson river was reached at the place
where Troy now stands.
1785 Peter SaUly, accompanied by his wife and three
of his children, Charles, Bernadine and JuHa, (EmeHa,
the baby, remaining with her aunts at La RocheUe
until her twentieth year) embarked at L'Orient,
France for America. They had a pleasant voyage
of thirty-eight days.
1800 Judge Zephaniah Piatt wrote from Plattsburgh
to his friend George CHnton that he had never had
a law suit, nor was he ever sued.
1814 Clinton county records show that 8o rods of
land, corner Bridge and Peru streets were deeded
to Gen. Benj. Mooers. The house, a wooden one
painted yellow was buUt and occupied by Thomas
Green. Many years later it was bricked up.
1822 Name of " DansviUe " changed to Wihnington.
Rueben Sanford, an early pioneer from Poultney,
Vt., was the Hfe of the place for half a century starting
a potashery, opening a hotel and engaging in other
enterprises previous to 1 812. A devout Methodist,
when the flood of February, 1830 had washed his

Three Cknturies in Champlain Valley 83
miUs away, in open meeting he said, " I thank God
for the reHgion of Jesus Christ which the fire cannot
bum nor the floods wash away."
1843 Died at Chazy Landing Benjamin Graves, one
of the early settlers of Clinton county, residing in
the towns of Plattsburgh, Altona, Champlain and
Chazy. In the Revolution he served for over three
years as a body servant to Gen. Washington and
was in the battles of Trenton, Princeton, Elizabeth-
town, Conn., Farms and Yorktown.
1895 An ordinance was approved which estabUshed
a paid Fire Department in BurHngton.

MARCH 23
1763 Birth in Po'keepsie of Theodorus Piatt, eldest
of the sons of Judge Zephaniah and Mary Van Wyke
Piatt. Theodorus was one of the earHest settlers of
Plattsburgh; was a justice of the peace and first
surrogate of the county. His smaU office stood
near a deep ravine on Margaret street near the
southeast corner of Protection avenue,
1767 — began to freeze a Httle at 10 last night, and
continued to this morning, when a slender cmst
dried the snow a Httle. Logan ventured across the
lake, and in aU appearance got home safe; this is a
soft, thawing day; the McAuley's hatU home 9 logs
however, from the white pinery. — Gilliland.
1802 Uriah Pahner and Waterman Eels, Commis
sioners of Highways of the town of Pem, laid out a
road described thus " And a road tumed from George

84 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Shavers E., Hne thence threw the Bald Plane Near
Ferris MiUs to the Great River as it is now cut out."
1811 William Sowles, aged 72, died in Alburgh, Vt.,
where he had settled soon after the Revolution,
supposing himself in British territory. As WiUiam
Soule, he had served in the EngHsh navy and, at
the battle of Saratoga, fought on the side of Bur-
, goyne. After the confiscation of his property, he
started northward, intending to go to Canada.
Tradition says he was the owner of the Astor House
property on lower Broadway, New York city, which
he leased for 99 years to the first John Jacob Astor,
the lease expiring in 1900.
1834 On the arsenal lot on Broad street for the mur
der of Leander Shaw, his son-in-law, Alexander
Larabee, maintaining his innocence to the last, was
hung. The Rev. Father Rafferty read a declaration
to that effect from the scaffold.
MARCH 24
To do what gracious thing I may
Belongeth only to this day. — James Buckham.
1767 — this evening my large young red ox with a
white face, died at Belton's; on opening him it ap
peared he had been hurt at the So meadow by two
of the cattle that attacked him (one being Martin
Taylor's ox) and this occasioned his death; the
weather warm. — Gilliland.
1800 Birth on South Island, Lake Champlain of
Benajah Phelps, Jr., whose father, an early settler
of Grand Isle, reared a family of 18 sons and
daughters. Benajah, Jr., at the age of loi was the
only surviving eye witness of the battle of Platts
burgh.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 85
The same day was recorded the laying out of
" a pubHck road four rods wide," (Bridge street)
east from the Bridge by Jno. Roberts 3d and John
Stephenson, commissioners. This road taking vari
ous directions corresponded in a general way to a
portion of the present Peru, Macdonough, Hamilton
(near the lake) streets.
1811 On Sunday, by the Rev. Mr. Halsey, Mr. Bela
Edgerton and Miss Phebe Ketchum, both of this
vUlage, were married. — Plattsburgh Republican.
1815 Northwest Bay became Westport.
1886 In New York city, at the Grand Union Hotel
on his way from the south died Samuel Flint Vilas
of Plattsburgh. MARCH 25
1767 — this afternoon ended with a thick heavy faU
of snow. — Gilliland.
1785 The house of Charles Piatt, 18x20 feet, was
finished and moved into.
Yes! this is home! — Margaret Miller Davidson.
1793 John Mooers of Haverhill, Mass., late from
Corinth, N. H., with his wife and chUd Benjamin
John, then six years old, crossed Lake Champlain
from Grand Isle on foot over broken and breaking
ice to the northeast part of Plattsburgh, now East
Beekmantown, where he engaged in business for his
brother, Lieut. Benj. Mooers. Three years later he
left Point Au Roche and went with his brother to
Cumberland Head where he continued in his employ
untU his death in August, 1803, leaving his wife and
sixteen-year-old son in dependent circumstances.

86 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
MARCH 26
1690 Capt. Jacob d'Warm ordered by the authorities
at Albany to proceed to Crown Point with 17 EngHsh
and 20 Indians and there watch the movements of
i the enemy (the French and Indians). At this time
he buUt a smaU stone fort at what is now Chimney
Point in the town of Addison.
1767 — this was a very pleasant clear day and not
cold, the maple trees run fast the middle of the day.
— Gilliland.
1806 In Burlington, whither he had removed about
1800, died Col. Ebenezer AUen, the first settler of
South Hero, after the grant of the " Two Heroes "
in 1779. Col. Allen was a third cousin of Gen. Ethan
AUen, an early settler in the New Hampshire Graijts
at Bennington and Poultney, and a Revolutionary
soldier under Allen, Warner, Herrick and Gates.
1814 Wm. Baker, a sergeant of the British Army
(103d regiment of Infantry), was executed as a spy
on the sand ridge between Court and Brinckerhoff
streets, now site of Mount Assumption Institute.
1823 In the Davidson homestead, overlooking Cum
berland Bay, was born Margaret MiUer Davidson,
the younger and equally talented sister of Lucretia.
She began to write poetry when but six years old.
On the Birth op a Sister,
Sweet babe, I cannot hope thou wilt be freed
From woes, to all, since earliest time, decreed;
But mayest thou be with resignation blessed
To bear each evil, howsoe'er distressed,
— Written by Lucretia in her fifteenth year.
1909 At Plattsburgh was organized the Nathan Beman
Society, Children of the American Revolution, with
Mrs. C. J. Vert, President.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 87
1881 At MorrisonvUle died Henry Ketchum AverUl,
son of Nathan AveriU, Jr., and PoUy Ketchum, his
wife. For nine years he served as postmaster. At
the time those holding that office furnished the buUd
ing and the building then used and standing on
Margaret street near No. 33 is now the dwelling
No. 54 Oak street. Mr. AveriU and Mr. SaUly were
then partners in the iron business, owning the ore-bed
at what is now Dannemora with a forge at CadyviUe.

MARCH 27
1767 — a fine moderate day, Logan crossed the lake
this morning and went home in the afternoon, having
got G. McAuley to assist him to get his mare out of
the lake and the skin taken off her, the ice pretty
good. FarreU of StUlwater returned home a few
days ago say 25th, on the ice. — Gilliland.
1792 At a town meeting in North Hero John Hutchins,
Benj. Butler and John Martin were appointed a
committee to raise money for building a canal across
the " Carrying Place " but were unsuccessful.
1811 Died " Mr. Zenas AUen, Esquire " who had just
removed to this viUage from Vermont and become
estabhshed in a prosperous business. He was a
Revolutionary soldier and was buried with masonic
honors.
1821 " DansviUe " (now Wilmington) set off from Jay.
1860 At her home in Peru died Catherine Robinson,
wife of Samuel Keese and a regular preacher of the
Society of Friends. Previous to her marriage for
twenty years a popular teacher in Philadelphia and
elsewhere, after that event she was recognized as

88 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
called to the ministry and from " the fourth month,
1849 " she preached with force and eloquence not
only in the Quaker meeting house at the Union, but
in Friends' meetings in Philadelphia, Canada, west
Central New York and Saratoga; also, on several
occasions at Clinton Prison.
MARCH 28
He is a messenger, this March wind, who rides bareback
and standing a string of a hundred horses, and sweeps more
marvelously around the ring of the world than any spangled
equestrian around his circle of sawdust. The roar of his passage
and his hearty, re-assuring shout make the house rock, — and
when he is ofE again you can hear him telling his good news in
the next town. — James Buckham.
1767 — fine, clear, pleasant weather; froze smartly
last night. — Gilliland' s Journal.
1819 Birth of Matthew Davidson, brother of the
sisters Lucretia and Margaret.
1820 Midshipman Charles Theodorus Piatt promoted
to Heutenant, U. S. N.
1828 Zephaniah Palmer surveyed and described the
road which now runs to Harkness to the bridge at
what he caUs " the forks of Peru " (probably Ausable
Forks). MARCH 29
1767 — a soft day with sleet and rain, and some
snow. — Gilliland.
1784 Bridport organized with John N. Bennet first
town clerk; constable, M. Smith; selectmen, John
Barber, Moses Johnson, Daniel Hoskins, Isaac Bar-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 89
rows, and Marshall Smith (the same who had escaped
from Quebec in 1779),
1804 Saranac, formed from Plattsburgh.
1814 4,000 men were collected at Champlain, of
whom 100 were cavalry and 304 artUlerists, having
II pieces of cannon of small calibre. With this
force Wilkinson planned an attack against Major
Hancock of the 13th who, with 600 men, occupied
a stone grist-mill on the banks of the LacoUe river
about five mUes north of the lines.
1825 Died: — Judge Henry Delord, aged 61 years.
He was a native of Nismes, France, and came from
the island of Martinique to Peru where he kept a
store and was post-master. He married Elizabeth,
daughter of Joseph and Phebe Ketchum, and in
1810, removed to Plattsburgh purchasing from James
Kent, the house on Bellevue (Cumberland) avenue,
buUt by Nathan Averill, Sr., the hospitaHty of which
became proverbial.
1839 Ausable and Black Brook, formed from Peru.

MARCH 30
1690 Capt. Abram Schuyler was sent with nine men
and a party of Mohawks under Lawrence, to Otter
Creek to watch the enemy; whUe there he led a
scout of eight Indians as far as Chumbly, where he
encountered a smaU party of French, of whom he
kUled two and took one prisoner.
— whUe from the western shore the land, after
a gentle rise for a short distance, faUs off rapidly
toward the Otter, leaving the broad and extensive
vaUey of that stream open to the vision, which now
wanders to the westem borders of Lake Champlain^

90 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
where the long chain of mountains that rise immedi
ately beyond, lies sleeping in the blue distance, and
bounds the view of this magnificent scene. — Judge
D. P Thompson in " The Green Mountain Boys."
1766 — this day river thawed, and the sawmiU was
set agoing. — Gilliland.
1767 — a bright, warm day. — Gilliland.
1811 In Plattsburgh, died Thomas AUen, a soldier
of the Revolution and a first settler of the town.
In 1785, of the " gift lots," twelve in number, he
received number three, containing 100 acres and
adjoining on the south that of Charles Piatt whUe
on the west it extended to the farm of Capt. Nathaniel
Piatt.
1814 In the morning the American army marched
out of Champlain upon the OdeUtown road now
nearly impassable for artUlery, obstructed as it was
by fallen trees and heavy snow drifts. Major Forsyth
and his Rifles led the advance, foUowed by the 30th
and 31st and part of the nth under Col. Clark; two
corps of infantry under BisseU and Smith and a
reserve of 800 men under Macomb brought up the
rear. The attack on the stone miU ended disastrously
for the Americans, their loss amounting to 104
kiUed and wounded, among them several brave
officers while the British loss reported was but 10
kUled and 46 wounded. At simdown the whole
army retired to OdeUtown.
MARCH 31
1767 — the sun very hot, froze none last night; this
day rode my mare on the river to the lake, the ice
good on both river and lake. — GilUland.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

1812

1814

1849

91

In Plattsburgh town records was recorded the
laying out by Smith and David BroadweU, com
missioners of highways, of HamUton, Jay and Wash
ington streets.
Gen.^ Wilkinson returned with his army to
Champlain and from there Macomb was sent to
Burlington while the main army fell back upon
Chazy and Plattsburgh, to protect the mUitary
stores at the latter places.
In the evening WiUiam Piatt, son of Judge Levi,
foimd his father dying from apoplexy in his arm
chair but seven weeks after the sudden death of his

JUDGE LEVI PLATT
wife. Their next-door neighbor. Dr. Benj. J. Mooers,
was hastUy summoned from his accustomed place
in the prayer-meeting of the Presbyterian church,
but without avaU. Of Judge Piatt it was said:
" He was a poUshed gentleman in his manners,
always affable and courteous. He possessed much

92 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
public spirit, and was a friend of everything which
promised to be useful to the community. He was
particularly distinguished for kindness and hospital
ity. His home was, for many years, the general
resort of strangers visiting in the place."
1884 In St. Louis, far from her native place, Platts
burgh, died " Aunt Margaret," widow of Col. Benj.
Hazen Mooers and daughter of Dr. John and EHza
beth (Smith) MiUer.
1887 In Albany, N. Y., died John Godfrey Saxe, a
poet of the Champlain valley, journaHst and lecturer.
His best known humorous poems include " Rhjrme
of the RaU," " The Proud Miss McBride," etc. He
pubhshed " Progress," Humorous and Satirical
Poems," " The Money King and Other Poems,"
" Fables and Legends," " Leisure-Day RhjTmes," etc.
" O, terribly proud was Miss Mac-
Bride
The very personification of Pride,
As she minced along in Fashion's
tide,
Adown Broadway, — on the proper
side, — ¦;
Mr. Saxe was the unsuccessful Democratic
candidate for governor of Vermont in 1859 and i860.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 93
APRIL 1
Where's the heart that can answer nay
To the whispered " Come! " of an April day? — Buckham.
1690 Capt. Abraham Schuyler was ordered to the
mouth of Otter Creek with 9 men there " to watch
day and night for one month, and daily communicate
with Capt. D'Warm, concerning Lawrence, the
Mohawk chief, and his party of Indians." At the
same time D'Warm's orders were changed to select
some other place at the Pass which he did, building
a Httle stone fort at Chimney Point in Addison, the
first possession or occupation by civiHzed men in
Vermont.
1758 Was bom in HaverhUl, Mass., Benjamin Mooers,
son of Benjamin and Abigal (Hazen) Mooers. The
father was a native of Newbury, Mass. and was a
tanner by trade. From 1783 to 1786 Benjamin, Jr.
spent his summers on the borders of the Lake and
winters in HaverhUl.
1767 — " the ice on the lake looked very black yester
day evening," wrote GiUiland. He then says that
when they arose about 6 o'clock f of the ice appeared
to be sunk as it did not freeze during the night and
the wind was blowing from the south. The wind
continuing high and southerly with some rain dur
ing the day the lake appeared all open except the
bays and on their return from the woods at 3 in the
afternoon the creeks were very high and " in the
swamps the ice very rotten." In the forenoon they
had continued to run lines at Mrs. Jane GiUiland's
south but the wetness of the afternoon hurried him
home to MiUtown to secure his trough lest the river
shotUd break up and the flood injure it. On arriving

94 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
he found " a considerable flood " in the Boquet and
the snow almost all off the cleared land.
Pioneer History of the Champlain Valley. — Watson.
APRIL 2
1767 — a soft, thawing, growing day; the river rose
much last night, and continued to rise aU this day;
I got my trough well loaded with large stone which
completely secured it. — Gilliland.
1793 At Town Meeting held at the Court House,
Plattsburgh, the following Town Officers were elected:
For Supervisor, Nathaniel Piatt; Town Clerk, Chas.
Piatt; Assessors, Mel L. Woolsey, Benj'n Moores,
Jacob Ferris; Commissioners of Highways, John
Stephenson, Charles Piatt, Samuel Beeman ; Overseers
of the Poor, WiUiam Coe, Nathan AveriU, Benj'n
Graves; Constables, Benj'n Graves, George Marsh;
Treasurer, Charles Piatt; Fence Viewers, John Ran
som, Wm. Pitt Piatt, Jonas Allen; Poundkeeper,
Benj'n Graves, etc.
1804 At Peru Landing, died John Craig, Sr., a Scotch
man who had first settled in Canada. In i8oi, he
had married Lodema Ransom, daughter of John of
Cumberland Head. Their only chUd, John Craig,
Jr., was then but a few months old.
1897 Bellevue Chapter, (named for BeUevue moun
tain) D. A. R. of St. Albans, Vt., orgamzed.
APRIL 3
April brings another voice to my window — a feminine
voice now, with the child-tone lingering in it.
— James Buckham.
1767 — soft weather continues; raised the fence out
of our yard; the flood rather lower than yesterday

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

95

evening; last night it was at the highest, having
thrown up large cakes of ice on and broke down my
fence on the S. E. corner of Camp island; the water
almost surrounded the flat at the lower landing.
— Gilliland.
1786 On Tuesday, the second town meeting was held
and Charles Piatt, elected Supervisor; Kinner New
comb, John Ransom, and Jacob Ferris, Assessors;
John Ransom, Town Clerk; Darick Webb, Jonas
Allen and Jacob Ferris, Overseers of the Poor;
Samuel Beeman, Cyrenus Newcomb, etc.
The westem boundary of CHnton County was
extended to the St. Lawrence River and embraced
a large portion of the present cotmty of St. Lawrence.
1842 The first church building of the first Baptist
Society of BurHngton, situated on the south-west
comer of Church and Main streets, was dedicated.
APRIL 4
1767 — last night we had a Httle snow and some frost,
but which was gone by g o'clock; this day was soft
and not cold, good growing weather; the snow quite
gone off the cleared land and off the wood land too
that inclines toward the south. Our cattle finding
the wood feed good yesterday, did not come home
last night, even old spark (the weakest of them all)
stayed out. — Gilliland.
1784 Peter SaiUy from the Province of Lorraine in
France reached America on his first visit — one of
investigation.
1785 The two tracts of land obtained by Zephaniah
Piatt and associates were incorporated into a town
called PLATTSBURGH, by a special act of the

96 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
legislature. At that time it embraced aU of Platts
burgh Old Patent, FrizweU's Patent, and Cumberland
Head Patent,
" At the close of the war I had purchased a few
class rights of the soldiers and having coUected a
little something, set out for the woods, and after
viewing several places, I set down on the west side
of Lake Champlain, an entirely new country and
wUderness and called the town Plattsburgh."
Charles Piatt in letter to Dr. Samuel Jenner of Northfield, Mass.
1805 The biU for the building of the Great Northern
Turnpike became a law. The commissioners were:
Theodosius Fowler, Elkanah Watson, Charles D.
Cooper, Theodorus Ross, Benjamin Mooers, Charles
R. Webster, Robert GUchrist, James Rogers, PHny
Moore, Micajah Petit.
Also, the towns of Lewis and Essex were " set
off " from WiUsborough, the former, named in honor
of Governor Morgan Lewis, who owned land there
purchased from General Philip Schuyler; the latter
as well as the county Essex, being named for Essex,
England.
1812 The Trustees of the Presbyterian Church, Platts
burgh, made an agreement with Ichabod Fitch, to
frame and raise the building for $500.
1848 Schuyler Falls formed from Plattsburgh. Ezra
Turner, one of the original thirteen settlers in the
town of Plattsburgh, made the first settlement in
the Town about 1794 when he married Amy Beman
daughter of Nathan Beman, then only sixteen years
old. Their home in the woods was seven miles from
the Httle settlement on the Lake.
1866 "The Jewish Congregation of Plattsburgh"
purchased from the trustees of the First Universahst

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 97
Church, their lot and church building on Oak Street,
and fitted it up as a place of public worship.
1883 Y. M. C. A, of Burlington incorporated.
1 888 The S. F, VUas Home for Aged and Infirm Women
incorporated by the gift of Mrs. Harriet Hunt VUas,
widow of the late S. F. VUas of Plattsburgh.
1909 At Galena, lU, died Ann EHzabeth Felt, widow
of B. F. Felt and daughter of Zephaniah C. Piatt.
Her aunt CaroHne Adriance Piatt Diell died a few
years since in Adriance, Virginia, in the 94th year of
her age. She was the widow of the Rev. John Diell,
eight years Seaman's Chaplain at HonoliUu, Sand
wich Islands, who died at sea in 1841, when home
ward bound. APRIL 5
Daybreak! daybreak! bright grows the east
at last;
Bells ringing, birds singing, sun in the dew-
drop glassed. — James Buckham,.
1769 WiUiam KeUey, in behalf of Lord Viscount
Townsend and twenty-four associates, petitioned for
a grant of 25,000 acres, bounded east by Cumberland
Bay and extending west on both sides of the Saranac
River, including the land covered by the warrant of
survey of Jan. 27, 1768.
1796 It was voted " that ten dollars be paid by the
inhabitants of Peru for every wolf kiUed within the
town of Peru in the present year, said wolf to be a
full Grone wolf and fresh kiUed."
At the regular town meeting in the Court House
(Plattsburgh) it was "voted to raise twenty-five
pounds by tax on the Freeholders and inhabitants

98 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
of the Town of Plattsburgh this year to finish the
Court House."
1878 Death of Capt. Wm. H. Bailey, grandson of
Judge Wm. Bailey. APRIL 6
1767 ¦ — a lovely day, the sun hot, though the wind
keeps nor'ly. Froze pretty hard last night, set saw
mill agoing to-day. — this day set my 3 hands to
clear from the barn to the lower landing. — Gilliland.
1790 At the regular Town Meeting this year the Path
Masters chosen were: Charles Piatt, Gideon Rugar,
John Fontfleyd, Lucius Reynolds, Robert Morris,
Moses Soper, Benjamin Mooers, Point-au-Roches,
John Cochran, South side River, Isaac Finch, Edward
Everitt, Sable.
1814 Com. Macdonough wrote to Peter SaUly, Col
lector of Customs: " I have rec'd only this morning
your favr of 29th ultimo, owing to the impractibility
of crossing the Lake." He then gives the informa
tion that the " B. flotiUa has been at Rouses point
since a few Days," and that their ship wiU soon be
ready to " display the English CoUours." He speaks
of the great danger lest the enemy seize the boats
and sink them loaded with stones at the mouths of
rivers and creeks, telHng Mr. SaiUy that he wiU know
best as to the advisabiHty of placing strong batteries
at the mouth of the Saranac, and closing with: " It
will do no good to growl ; but I may observe that we
are going to be in a desperate situation on the shores
of this lake as long as the British can navigate it.
Stop all Communication and pltmder our Shores."
The letter is written with evident haste, with several
erasures and changes. An inventory of military stores such as
boxes of candles, soap, pounds of beef, pork, etc. occupies the
margin and the commander signs himself Yrs. Ths McDonough.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 99
1821 Death of Henrietta Julia Kirtland, who became
the wife of WUHam Swetland, Esq., in 1811. Her
monument erected by her husband was the first in
Riverside cemetery.
1862 Was kUled in battle Capt. Edward Saxe, grand
son of the pioneer John Saxe and son of Jacob who
first engaged in business in Sheldon, Vt., and after
wards with his brothers Matthew and Peter at West
Chazy. At the beginning of the war of 181 2, Jacob
removed his merchandise to the storehouse at Chazy
Landing, and on the approach of a large force of
British, took the same on batteaux to Orwell, Vt.,
where the only sister of the Saxe brothers cared for
them. The war over, there was a short period spent
in Chazy before removal to the mouth of the Salmon
river (Port GiUiland) where he buUt a blast furnace,
sawmUl, dams, charcoal Idlns, etc., employing forty
men. The freshet of 1830 swept all these buildings
and dams into the lake, but the stone dwelHng which
he built stiU stands. He spent the closing years of
his Hfe in Sheldon to which his wife had gone during
the British invasion and where she plainly heard the
booming of cannon during the battle of Plattsburgh.
APRIL 7
There's a smile above, and a smile below.
In the clouds that roll, and the waves that flow.
Is the heart unchain'd by sorrow's thrall.
There's a smile of joy and of peace in all!
— Margaret Miller Davidson.
1763 GUes Hocquart deeded to M. Michel, Chartier
De Lotbiniere, aU of his seigniory lying north of
Hospital Creek (Addison). Lotbiniere petitioned the
British Govemment from time to time to be re
instated in his lands and was finaUy, in 1776, given
a seigniory on the St. Lawrence river.

lOO Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1795 The Town Meeting was held " at the house of
Mess Ketchum by adjournment from the Court
House." It was voted that "the Pound be buUt
near B. Graves'," that the sum of forty pounds be
raised by tax for the completion of the Court House
and twenty-six pounds for the benefit of schools.
1896 Celebration of the centennial of the organiza
tion of the Baptist Church of Pleasant Valley,
(EHzabethtown) .
1909 Wednesday, a disastrous gale, from the south
and southwest, swept through the Champlain Valley
and extended into Canada, attaining a speed of more
than 6o miles an hour, clearing the lake of ice, up
rooting trees and blowing down buUdings and wires.
Glens Falls, Ticonderoga and Port Henry suffered
especiaUy. In Plattsburgh, just north of historic
Halsey's Corners, a brother and sister, Warren and
Alida Eldred of West Chazy, driving homeward, were
crushed and instantly killed beneath a falling Lom-
bardy poplar, one of an ancient row that has stood
opposite the Isaac and Zephaniah C. Piatt home
steads for more than a century. Lombardy poplars
have been a distinguishing feature of all old Piatt
homesteads whether on the Hudson or in the Cham
plain Valley. APRIL 8
At dawn, as I lay half waking and longing to sleep again.
Because, as my eyeUds lifted, there in the dusk sat Pain,
There came from the orchard floating the first flute-tone of the spring —
The robin's song,
I had missed so long
The song with the cheery ring! — James Buckham.
1767 — we were plagued with lumps of ice coming
down through the trough. — Gilliland.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley ioi
1808 The name of Malone was changed to " Ezraville,"
from Ezra L'Hommedieu of Suffolk Co., L. I., but in
1 812 the former name was resumed. L'Hommedieu
was also one of the proprietors of Plattsburgh.
1822 At the house of Chauncey Stoddard, in Peru
vUlage, was organized by the Rev. Stephen Kinsley
the First Congregational Church with 11 members,
who were set off from the church at Chesterfield.
They were Rueben Arthur, George Morell, Peter
Steams, Arthur H. Merrill, Chauncey Stoddard,
Eunice Steams, Asineth Stearns, Louisa Wells,
Hannah Hutchins and Sarah Hutchins.
Peter Steams was appointed moderator and
Chauncey Stoddard, clerk. Two tankards brought
by PoUy (Miller) SherriU from her father's house in
East Hampton, L. I., and used by this church for
many years as communion cups are still treasured
by a descendant.
1859 At Yonkers, N. Y., died Helen Livingston Piatt,
widow of Hon Jonas Piatt, aged 93 years.
1869 At her home (No. loi Margaret Street) died Mrs.
Mary Piatt Mooers, daughter of Wm. Pitt Piatt and
wife of Dr. Benj. J, Mooers. " A lady of marked
abihty and cultured taste."
" Beautiful visions of home-land and sea!
I yield to the magic that binds me to thee.
I gaze with emotion as hither I'm led.
To thy rocky-bound banks. Old Cumberland Head!
It is here treasured scenes of my childhood are laid.
It is here I now linger in memory's shade.
And I think of the years that so quickly have flown,
To a region we know not — a home of their own.
Thy nooks are all sacred, thy rocks are still dear,
As when in my childhood, I oft hngered there,
And visioned the future in innocent joy.
And fancied that happiness held no alloy.

102 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Thine air is perfumed with flowers of love,
Which strengthen and purify, oft as I rove.
O'er thy green-sloping fields, thy rocks, and thy shore.
And Unk thy blue waters with stories of yore.
Thy beauty will not fade, nor glory depart,
In spirit I'm with thee, and beatings of heart.
Tell me truly, I ween, that the tears I now shed,
Are for thee, thee alone, dear Cumberland Head."
Written for Mrs. Mooers by her cousin, L. M. Kent.

APRIL 9
1790 At Champlain was born Ann (baptised Anna),
the eldest of the three daughters, Ann, Sophia and
MatUda, of Judge PHny Moore. Their mother, n^e
Martha Corbin, was a woman of wonderful energy
and very ambitious for her daughters, so she sent
them to a convent in Montreal to learn French and
the needlework embroidery of the times. On their
return, having no carpet for her drawing room, (no
carpets having been brought so far north in those
days), she set them to work to embroider one. An
adopted cousin, Harriett Hicks, assisted. The room
for which the carpet was designed was about twenty
feet square. This wonderful carpet, made from crewels of
wool, sheared from the home flock, dyed with stuffs
at hand, embroidered on material obtained in Mon
treal, with a lining woven on the kitchen loom, was
begun in i8o8 and completed in 1812. The designs,
sea-shell border and all were the work of Ann. The
carpet became indeed a " magic carpet " for around
its frame gathered the young law-students JuHus
HubbeU, Thomas Whiteside and several army officers
The carpet (1909) is well preserved.
1818 A site adjacent to the Friends' burying ground
was deeded by SUas Macomber for ten. dollars to

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 103
Warren Corbin and Seth Griffith for a Friends' meet
ing house at Grand Isle.
1853 Died in Champlain, the Hon. Abiajah North of
Scottish Ancestry and a native of Shoreham, where
he was bom in 1772. He came a pioneer to Cham
plain in 1799, and his brother Lemeul came in 1800.
The two brothers worked together, acquiring several
hundred acres of the best farming land of the section.
They were successful farmers and Abiajah was widely
known as a breeder of fine horses and cattle. His
son Lemuel at one time owned the celebrated stallion
known as " The Sherman Black Hawk " or North
Horse. Some of his horses have sold as high as
$7,500 each. Father and son were of the Democratic
Party and have held many public offices.
1855 In Plattsburgh died EHza Walker Dobie, a
native of St. Helen's, England and wife of the Rev.
David Dobie.
Nearer and dearer are the blessed dead
Than we are wont to think. — James Buckham.
1876 EHzabeth Mooers, daughter of Col. Benjamin H.
Mooers, and wife of Judge George M. Beckwith, died.
Of the First Presbyterian Church she was a consistent
member forty-three years.
APRIL 10
1690 One of the observing parties on Lake Champlain
sent in word that they had discovered the track of
twelve French and Indians, proceeding in the direc
tion of Albany. Warnings were sent out, but those
who neglected to heed were attacked and killed.
1772 Was bom at New Preston, Conn., just over the
line from Dutchess county, the home of the Platts,
Millers, Newcombs, etc., Nathan AveriU, Jr., who

I04 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
came a pioneer to Plattsburgh with his father's
family and the Platts ; married Polly, eldest daughter
of Joseph and Phebe (Moore) Ketchum of Peru and
kept the first hotel in Peru, at the Union, then the
business and commercial centre of the town. To
Nathan AveriU and his wife were bom six sons and
three daughters, the four eldest children in Peru.
1810 Daniel Haskel settled over the Calvinistic Con
gregational church in Burlington where he remained
until 1 82 1 when he was caUed to the Presidency of
the University of Vermont.
1821 The annual meeting of the " Censors of the
Clinton Agricultural Society " was held at the home
of Lester Sampson in Chazy and the following officers
chosen: Allen R. Moore, president; Robert Piatt,
Isaac C. Piatt and James Crook, vice-presidents;
Alexander Scott, treasurer, and Noadiah Moore,
" principal secretary."
1859 Died at the age of eighty, Phebe Piatt BaUey,
wife of Judge William Bailey and a daughter of Capt.
Nathaniel Piatt.
1899 The Twenty-first U. S. Infantry, under Colonel
Jacob Kline, left Plattsburgh Barracks, pursuant to
General Orders No. 35, A. G. O., 1899 and Special
Orders No. 63 D. E., 1899.
APRIL 11
AMERICA.
And this was once the realm of nature, where
Wild as the wind, tho' exquisitely fair,
She breath 'd the mountain breeze, or bow'd to kiss
The dimpling waters with unbounded bliss.
Here in this Paradise of earth, where first
Wild mountain Liberty began to burst,
Once Nature's temple rose in simple grace,
The hill her throne, the world her dwelling-place.
— Lucretia Maria Davidson.
(Written in her seventeenth year.)

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 105
1775 Resolutions were adopted at Westminster, Vt.,
foreshadowing plans for the erection of a new royal
province combining the disputed territory (New
Hampshire Grants) and adjacent New York lands
west to Lake Ontario, with Skenesborough as capital.
Such men as Col. Allen, Bird and Col. Skene were
interested but the outbreak of the Revolution put
an end to all such plans.
1777 Dr. Thomas Young of Philadelphia, wrote a
letter, addressed " To the inhabitants of Vermont,"
exhorting them to take a decided stand, organize a
govemment, and adopt a constitution.
1785 Peter Tappen, one of the proprietors of Platts
burgh, was one of a committee of three appointed to
re-construct the Dutchess county building of court
house and jail which had been destroyed by fire.
1814 The Saratoga, destined to be Macdonough's
flag ship, was launched at Vergennes, only forty
days from the tree in the forest to the vessel on the
lake. Her equipment had not yet arrived and the
roads were impassable for the heavily loaded wagons
which were to draw the naval stores from Troy.
1831, 1839, and
1840 " Lineboats " commenced mnning on Lake
Champlain. APRIL 12
Beyond to-day — ah! that should most concern us;
Not pain or pleasure now, what irks, what suits.
How are we living for the long to-morrows?
What are we sowing of eternal fruits ?
O, idler, trifler, pleasure-seeker, stay!
What of that endless life, beyond to-day? — James Buckham.
1805 In Chateaugay, N. Y., was born Theodoms
Bailey, son of Judge Wm. Bailey and grandson of the

io6 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
redoubtable Capt. Nathaniel Piatt. Theodorus en
tered the navy in 1818 and became a rear-admiral
in 1866. His home in Plattsburgh was the stone
house built by St. John B. L. Skinner No. 22 Macomb
street.
1850 Amasa C. Moore elected President, Gustavus V.
Edwards, Treasurer, and John J. Haile, Secretary
of the newly organized Plattsburgh and Montreal
Railroad. RHYME OP THE RAIL.
Singing through the forests,
RattUng over ridges.
Shooting under arches.
Rumbling over bridges,
Whizzing through the mountains,
Buzzing o'er the vale, —
Bless me! this is pleasant.
Riding on the RaU! — John G. Saxe.
APRIL 13
1782 Birth at Detroit, Mich., of Alexander Macomb,
the future American major-general who defeated the
British under Prevost at Plattsburgh, Sept. 1814.

general MACOMB, 1782-1841

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 107
1811 The first number of the "Republican" issued.
The principal movers and stockholders in the enter
prise were: Peter Sailly, Col. Melancton Smith,
Judge Kinner Newcomb, Judge Charles Piatt, Isaac
C. Piatt, Caleb Nichols, Dr. John MiUer, Thomas
Treadwell, Benjamin Mooers, John Dominey, Elias
Woodmff, Thomas MiUer, Ezra Thurber, Judge Carew
of Chazy, and Judge Hicks of Champlain, Col.
Melancton Smith was the first editor.
APRIL 14
No wind in all the calendar is quite so soft as the April
wind — when it is soft. — James Buckham.
1755 The Governors of the several Provinces met in
conference in Virginia, and determined upon the plan
of a campaign, by which to repel the encroachments
of the French upon the northern frontier.
— Palmer's History.
1759 Pliny Moore, the first English settler in the town
of Champlain, was bom in Sheffield, Mass. WhUe
a drummer boy in the patriot army he was first
attracted to the lands where he afterwards settled.
1766 The first house erected upon the Gilliland lots
for Robert McAuley, on the north bank of Bachellor's
Creek.
1816 Melancton L. Woolsey and John G. FreHgh were
ordained Elders of the First Presbyterian Church
under the new pastor the Rev, Nathaniel Hewitt,
At that time the house of worship, begun in 181 2,
had not been finished and the Elders, one and all,
gave liberally of their time and substance to the
furtherance of the work. Elder William Pitt Piatt,
whose sister Mrs. Abraham Brinckerhoff, had given
the site for the buUding, gave without stint even
mortgaging his home for the cause. ,,

lo8 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
APRIL 15
RENEWAL.
Earth-smell from plow and from harrow.
The love-cadenced song of the sparrow,
Life sunned to the core and the marrow —
Ah! infinite sweetness of spring. — James Buckham.
1766 — sent to Crown Point for provs., and got 4
barrels fiour, and 5 firkins butter — aU condemned.
Mr. Chism stayed behind; the others ret'd the 19th,
at this time the run away settlers came for their-
wives, and our red cow with the white face died,
having loss'd an old white cow the 23rd March.
— GiUiland.
1767 — sowed tobacco, cabbage, lettuce, tong grass,
tumeps, parsley and spinach seeds in burnt brush
hearths, also a few peas. — Idem.
1784 Gov. Chittenden wrote from Arlington to Gen.
Haldimand asking him, since Peace had been estab
lished and the Loyal Block House would be evacuated
as a British Post, to direct the Commanding Officer
there to inform the governor of the time of evacuation
" that an Officer from this State may take Possession
thereof." — Canadian Archives.
1797 At South Hero Island, were married William
Slosson, son of Eleazer and Lucy Slosson, and Susan
nah Stark, a relative of Gen. Stark. They settled
on a farm south of Chazy village, in 1807, On the
advance of the British, WUHam Slosson with his
team was pressed into service to carry baggage to
Plattsburgh. On the retreat of the enemy our
mihtia captured five British soldiers and six horses
whUe the British " gobbled up " Mr. Slosson and held
him prisoner over one night.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 109
APRIL 16
Utterly was I lightened, one instant of all my pain.
When robin sang,
When the silence rang.
When the spring came back again. — James Buckham.
1755 The date of Sir William Johnson's Commission
reciting that the troops are placed under his com
mand "to be employed in an attempt to erect a
strong Fortress before an eminence near the French
Fort at Crown Point, and removing the encroach
ments of the French on his Majesty's land there."
1808 At his home on Rugar street, died Gideon Rugar,
a soldier of the Revolution, of the Albany County
mUitia, Fourteenth Regiment, and an early settler
of Plattsburgh.
1861 News of President Lincoln's proclamation of
April 15th, reaches Plattsburgh. A meeting for the
evening of the 17th was called,
1881 ConsoHdation with Chateaugay Ore and Iron
Company, of iron forge property at Clayburgh,
Russia and Plattsburgh, Weed and Williams selling
their iron interests to Chateaugay Ore and Iron
Company, APRIL 17
" ON SPRING."
I have seen the fair Spring, I have heard her sweet song.
As she passed in her lightness and freshness along ;
The blue wave rolled deeper, the moss-crest looked bright,
As she breathed o'er the regions of darkness and night,
— Lucretia Maria Davidson.
1782 Birth in Po'keepsie of a seventh son, Levi, to
Judge Zephaniah Piatt and Mary Van Wyck, his wife.

no Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1830 EUenburgh, named in compliment to Ellen,
daughter of John R. Murray of New York, the princi
pal proprietor of Township, No. 5 of the Mihtary
Tract, was formed from Mooers. The first per
manent settler was Abner Pomeroy about 1800 and
an early pioneer was Joseph R. Emerson.
1861 At the meeting held at the court house for the
j^l purpose of raising a company of men to assist in
putting down the Rebellion, thirty-five signed at
once as willing to enlist and these elected from their
number Frank Palmer, Captain; Royal Corbin,
Lieutenant; PHny Moore, Ensign, all descendants
of Revolutionary soldiers and early pioneers.
1899 Arrival at San Francisco and embarkation on
the transport " Hancock " of the Twenty-first U. S,
Infantry, 32 officers and 1,335 enlisted men strong.
APRIL 19
1799 Charles Barnard, son of Joseph and Margaret
(Moore) Barnard, bom on Cumberland Head in a
house on the Benjamin Mooers property. As a boy
of fifteen, he witnessed the battle of Plattsburgh and
during the engagement a cannon ball passed through
his home. After the battle Gen, Mooers took him,
a barefoot boy, on board one of the American vessels
where the blood upon the deck spattered upon his
feet,
1810 On Thursday, the people of Burlington, favor
able to liberal sentiments in religion, assembled in
the Court House (a wooden stmcture, built in 1802,
afterwards bumed) " to induct into office the man
they had chosen for their christian teacher and guide,
Mr, Sam'l Clark," Here, " only 9 days before the

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley III
Calvinistic party of seceders had with eager haste
ordained another minister, (Mr, Daniel Haskel)."
1817 In the Republican was offered a reward of $ioo
for the apprehension of ten deserters from the canton
ment, and the commandant of the post gave notice
that he would prosecute any person who " may
procure or entice any person to desert " and that
desertions would thereafter be announced by three
discharges of cannon in quick succession from Fort
Moreau,
1832 At Wadhams MiUs, to which he gave a name,
in the fiftieth year of his age died Gen, Luman
Wadhams, a native of Goshen, Conn., and early
pioneer in Charlotte, Vt,, and in Lewis, Essex Co,,
N, Y, He finaUy, in 1822, settled at Westport, An
officer at the battle of Plattsburgh, he afterwards
became a general of militia. In the cemetery at
Wadhams MiUs he was buried where, many years
after, the remains of his aged widow were placed
beside him. APRIL 20
It rains, but on a dripping bough
A little bird sings clear and sweet, —
I think he knows not why nor how.
Except that with his slender feet
He feels dear nature's pulses beat. — James Buckham.
1743 Hocquart (Intendant of New France) was
granted by the King of France, a seigniory of four
leagues front on the lake, by five leagues deep, and
the south Hne half a mUe south of the south line of
what is now Addisons, and the north line near Adams
Ferry in Panton. The following October his deed
was registered in Quebec.

112 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1754 Born in Province of Lorraine, France, Pierre
Sailly, a future pioneer of Plattsburgh. He became
a member of a corps forming a body-guard for Louis
XVI and from that monarch received his passport
(still preserved in the family) to emigrate to America.
1 77 1 WiUiam Pitt Piatt, son of Judge Zephaniah Piatt,
born at Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
1836 Daniel Piatt, a Revolutionary soldier and half
brother to the Piatt brothers. Founders of Platts
burgh, died.
1909 Early in the morning the Lincoln Pond storage
dam near Elizabethtown, having a capacity of
3,000,000 cubic feet, broke sending a wall of water
twenty feet down Black Brook and sweeping away
bridges, mills and lumber. One house was swept
from its foundations and the family were rescued
from the barn in boats. The property damaged was
$250,000, but there was no loss of life.
APRIL 21
1766 — this day Thomas Brady helped C. Belton at
his house, — Gilliland. brotherhood.
Mark well this fact — not often urged, indeed —
That one's own business, if he mind it best,
Concerns the common welfare, take due heed
How self, the unit, stands toward all the rest.
— James Buckham.
1767 — a dark windy day with some rain; went to
repair my bateau, — Gilliland.
1798 Henry Ketchum AveriU, son of Nathan, Jr, and
Polly (Ketchum) AveriU, his wife, was born at Pera.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 113
1816 James Trowbridge was made an Elder of the
First Presbyterian Church,
1828 " Plattsburgh Academy " incorporated.
FIRST BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
Benjamin Mooers, John Lynde, WUHam Swet
land, Jonathan Griffin, Frederick Halsey, Frederick
L, C. SaiUy, Heman Cady, Ephraim Buck, William
F. HaUe, George Marsh, John Palmer, Henry K.
AverUl.
1909 The water of Lake Champlain reached a point
nine feet and six inches above the extreme low water
mark of 1908 and but nineteen inches below the
extreme high water mark of 1869, Several docks
are submerged and during the gale of the evening
the Rouses Point drawbridge was badly damaged
and two mUes of track on the Rutland Railroad
between South Hero and Colchester washed away.
APRIL 22
1791 Bom at WUliamstown, Mass., Josiah Corbin,
son of Joseph Corbin, a Revolutionary soldier of
KUlingly, Conn, and WUliamstown, Mass, Josiah
served in the War of 181 2, from Champlain and in
1 81 9 was appointed by Gov. Clinton as cornet of a
troop in the 15th Regiment N, Y, Cavalry,
1829 In Burlington died Mark Rice, a native of Massa
chusetts and founder of the Unitarian Fund of the
First Congregational Society from which a substanial
income is annuaUy derived. An humble, unlettered
mechanic, he so made his chairs and built his charac
ter that the first have withstood the ravages of time
and the second wiU grow brighter and brighter.

114 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
service.
The broom or the spade or the shuttle, that plies
Its own honest task in its own honest way.
Serves heaven not less than a star in the skies —
What more could the Pleiades do than obey? — James Buckham.
APRIL 24
Thou pretty wee flower, humble thing.
Thou brightest jewel of the heath.
Which waves at zephyr's lightest wing.
And trembles at the softest breath.
Thou lovely bud of Scotia's land.
Thou pretty fragrant bumie gem.
By whisp'ring breezes thou art fann'd.
And greenest leaves entwine thy stem.
— Lucretia Maria Davidson.
(Written in her fourteenth year.)
1776 The three Commissioners, Benj. Franklin, Samuel
Chase and Charles Carroll of CarroUton, sent by
Congress to Canada, accompanied by John Carroll,
a Jesuit priest and afterwards the first Roman CathoHc
Archbishop in the United States, in their passage
through the lake, stopped at Ti. ; at Crown Point to
examine the works, and at Ferris' (now Arnold's Bay)
where they spent the night. This Ferris was an
ancestor of Hiram Ferris, pilot on the first " Ver
mont,"
1791 Lieut, Benj, Mooers was married to Hannah,
daughter of Capt, Nathaniel Piatt who had moved
into Plattsburgh about a year previous. They had
ten children, six of whom grew to maturity,
1864 " Col, Stephen Moffitt of the 96th regiment was
made a prisoner of war and confined in prison at
Plymouth, N. C, for four months. He was one of
the fifty officers of highest rank placed by the rebels

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley II 5
in front of their works during the bombardment of
the city of Charleston, S. C.

APRIL 25
1821 Daniel Baker certified before St. J. B. L. Skinner,
J. P., that Sampson Soper, a colored man, described
as about five feet, seven inches high, rather
light complexion, aged about forty-two years old
and bom in Manchester, Vt., was bom free and had
never been enslaved to his knowledge or beHef.
This proof of Freedom was acknowleged by Caleb
Nichols, a Judge of CHnton County Court of Pleas.
The same date before Judge Nichols, J. Bailey,
Town Clerk, GUead Sperry certified to the free birth
of Martin Tankard, " a Black or Mulatto Person "
about 22 years of age, whose family he had known
in Vermont. — Plattsburgh Town Records.
1829 WestviUe (Franklin Co.) was taken from the
old town of Constable (named for Wm. Constable,
agent and part proprietor). It was owned by the
Constable family and for many years Judge Wm.
Bailey of Chateaugay and Dr. Albon Man, brothers-
in-law, were agents.
1861 The first company raised in Plattsburgh, now
numbering one htmdred enHsted men, was mustered
into the State service by Col. Putnam Lawrence, of
the 32d New York State Militia, who had been
appointed to that duty.
1881 Saranac River Wood Pulp MiU at Wood's Falls,
CadyviUe, commenced running, built by B. S. W.
Clark and J. O. Smith.

Ii6 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
APRIL 26
April is distinctively the month of waking and activity
with the fishes, just as it is with the birds. — James Buckham.
1766 — Threw out the fishing seine for the first time
in 1766, got only 8 suckers. — Gilliland.
1775 Edward Mott of Preston, Conn., was appointed
Captain of the 7th Company, in the 6th Conn. Rgt.,
commanded by Col. Samuel Holden Parsons.
1812 " After sermon, Jonathan Scribner, Seth Rice,
(from the Congregational Church in Westford, Vt.)
William Pitt Piatt, and Thomas TreadweU, Jr., were
ordained ruling Elders and Benjamin J, Mooers
Deacon in this Church according to the forms of the
Presbyterian Church," — Church Records.
Though Elders Hubbard, Stratton, Treadwell,
and Scribner, lived north of Plattsburgh in Beek
mantown the records show their faithful attendance
at meetings of the session,
1823 We have received no mail from the South for
several days. We understand that for the future
it wiU come but once a week.
Judge John Lynde in Plattsburgh Republican. The postage
on a letter was than 25 cents.
1825 Corner stone of North College, University of
Vermont, laid by Governor C, P, Van Ness,
1861 Departure of the first company raised in Platts
burgh, (Company C) of the i6th New York, for
Albany, About a week later a second company
(Company E) of volunteers was formed and ready
to go forward with John S. Stetson, Captain; Ransom
M, Pierce, Lieutenant; Charles H, Bentley, Ensign.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 117
Before leaving they were presented with a beautiful
stand of colors by the ladies of Plattsburgh,
APRIL 27
1775 Col. Parsons, of Connecticut, was on his way
from Oxford to Hartford when he fell in with Capt,
Benedict Arnold, hurrying from New Haven to
Watertown, intending to obtain a commission from
the Provincial Congress assembled there. Arrived
at Hartford, Parsons consulted with five other gentle
men and securing ;£3oo they sent off two men, Ro
mans and Noah Phelps of Simsbury, on their way
to the grants.
1777 At Ridgefield fell mortally wotmded Maj, -Gen '1
Wooster, the same man who, as Col, Wooster of New
York, had been threatened in 1773 with the " Bpech
Seal " by the Addison men,
1785 Zephaniah Piatt as agent for the company
formed in Poughkeepsie went to New York city for
necessary supplies. Six and a half days were re
quired to go up the Hudson with batteaux to Port
Edward and from there seventeen loads of supplies
were driven by oxen to Lake George, where boats
were again used. After four miles of cartage to
Lake Champlain, the supplies were floated to their
destination, the total expense of the trip being ;£i4o
and 7 shUling, APRIL 28
— Shall the flower of the valley burst forth to the light.
And man in his beauty lie buried in night !
A voice on the waters, a voice in the sky,
A voice from beneath, and a voice from on high.
Proclaims that he shall not, — that Spring, in her light.
Shall waken thy spirit from darkness and night,
¦,i^ — Lucretia Maria Davidson.

Il8 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1775 Edward Mott arrived at Hartford and was at
once invited to become one of the committee in
charge of the expedition against Ticonderoga and
Crown Point, which had been set on foot by Gentle
men connected with the General Assembly. David
Wooster, SUas Deane and Noah Phelps were also
members. Mott took 15 men from Connecticut,
raised 39 in western Massachusetts and set out for
Bennington. There Capt, Mott was made chairman
of the committee which made Allen mUitary com
mander of the expedition.
1892 At Burlington, was organized Green Mountain
Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution.
APRIL 29
1766 J. W. and two other hands went to Crown Point
for peas, and retd May 2d, with 4 bbls. condemned,
and Wm. Ferris and his wife, — was taken Ul on
board the Albany sloop. — Gilliland.
1776 The Commission reaches Montreal and is re
ceived by Gen, Benedict Arnold, then in command,
with much courtsey.
1792 Birth of Anna Green, daughter of Friend Israel
and Sarah (Deane) Green of Dutchess county. Anna
went from her father's hospitable house ("Israel
Green's Inn ") on Bridge street to preside over the
mansion on the corner of Margaret and Brinkerhoff
streets (now Custom House square) — the second
wife; of Col. Melancton Smith. Her sister Deborah
married Dr. WUHam Beaumont, surgeon, U. S. A.,
whUe the younger of two brothers, Piatt Rogers
Green, became a Heutenant in the regular army
joining the forces at Sackett's Harbor. Anna
(Green) Smith, early widowed, died in 1879.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 1 19
APRIL 30
1737 A grant of land (embracing the territory now
known as Colchester), adjoining the grant to Capt.
de la Pierre in 1734, was made to Lieut. Gen. Pierre
Raimbault, which grant was later conveyed by his
heirs to Benjamin Price, Daniel Robertson and John
Livingston.
1771 Birth of Wm. Pitt Piatt, third son of Judge
Zephaniah. He settled on lot No. 9 Cumberland
Head conveyed to him by his father. From 181 2
he was a RuHng Elder in the Presbyterian Church.
1775 Mott overtook Romans and Phelps at Salisbury
and the party, consisting of sixteen men, held on
together northward. At Sheffield, they sent two
men, Halsey and Stephens, to Albany to discover
the temper of the people there. They reached Pitts-
field the next day and lodged at Col. Easton's.
— Scribner' s History.
1813 Asa Aikens, afterwards of Westport, received his
commission as Captain of the 31st regiment, U. S. A.
(recruited in Vermont) ; while Piatt Rogers Halstead
received his as 3d Lieutenant, 29th Infantry, U. S. A.
The Colonel of the 29th (mostly from Dutchess
county) was Col. Melancton Smith of Plattsburgh,
son of the late Judge of the same name of New
York.
1898 WiUiam Mooers Piatt, a member of the Nathan
Beman Society Children of the American Revolution,
died.
1900 Entered into rest, Kate Louise (McCaffrey) Bur
roughs of Champlain, member of Saranac Chapter
and great-grand-daughter of Ensign Jonas Morgan

I20 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
of the First Company, Col. Samuel McLellan's regi
ment of volunteers ; also descendant of Capt. Edward
Mott of New Preston, Conn., Chairman of the Com
mittee in charge of the expedition against Ticon
deroga and Crown Point. Ensign Morgan, after the
Revolution, became proprietor of the patents in the
Black river country (Champlain VaUey) which bear
his name and erected the first forge which was after
wards known as Brainard's Forge. He married Sarah
Mott, daughter of the patriot Capt. Edward Mott.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 121

MAY 1
The first and second weeks in May are the great "home
weeks" for the birds. Then it is that the welcome tide of song
and bright plumage comes surging back over our North Atlantic
States in one mighty wave. — James Buckham.
1690 An agreement was concluded between the prov
inces of Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New York
by which each was to furnish its quota of troops for
an expedition against Canada.
1776 Gen. Thomas arrived and took command of the
troops which, since the death of Montgomery, had
remained encamped about three miles up the river.
SmaUpox soon devastated the ranks which now
numbered 3,000 but only 900 fit for duty. Gen.
Thomas soon returned to the mouth of the RicheHeu.
1809 Work on the Arsenal (site No. 37 Broad street)
commenced. The buUding was finished August,
1810.
1834 Essex County Academy established in Westport
with Asahel Lyon, Piatt Rogers Halstead and Bena
jah P. Douglass as incorporators.
1836 At a meeting of the Catholic congregation at
their regular place of worship — ^the " red store," on
Cumberland avenue, the church was incorporated
under the name of First Roman CathoHc Church of
the town of Plattsburgh.
1845 Was completed the labor of stockading twelve
acres, at Clinton Prison, commenced in snow five feet.
deep tmder the direction of the first agent, Ransom
Cook of Saratoga Springs, a son-in-law of Robert
Ayers.

122 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1882 BiU introduced in Congress by Gen. John Ham
mond providing for the removal of Plattsburgh Bar
racks to Rouses Point. Exchange of the Northem
N. Y. Telephone Co. in operation with 25 subscribers.
1898 At the battle of ManUa Bay, Captain George B.
Ransom, U. S. N. (son of Capt. Harry Sawyer Ran
som, severely wounded at Drury's Bluff, in 1864)
was Chief Engineer of the U. S. S. "Concord" and for
his " eminent and conspicuous conduct " in that
battle was given a medal by Congress.
MAY 2
Oh! fallen is the valiant arm.
The mighty son of war is low!
— Mrs. Margaret {MiUer) Davidson.
1777 At Danbury, Conn., Major General David Woos
ter of the Connecticut militia, who was mortaUy
wounded in the defence of Danbury against Tryon,
passed away. In 1775, Allen Smith, a settler in
Plattsburgh as early as 1786, with his foster-brother,
Reuben Sanborn, Jr., enHsted at Waterbury in
Wooster's regiment, serving with it in the Canadian
campaign and being discharged at Montreal the next
year.
1807 Elijah Root was born in the town of Georgia, Vt.
Compelled to depend entirely upon himself, he early
learned the ship carpenter's trade and later, became
engineer of the "Phoenix," on which boat in 1832 (the
year of the cholera) while at Whitehall, occurred the
first death in this country from that dreadful disease.
It was due chiefly to Mr. Root's example and fiinnness
that the panic stricken crew were kept together.
During forty-three years (1838 to 1881) Mr. Root held
the govemment office of Inspector of boilers and

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 123
machinery on all vessels propeUed in whole or in
part by steam. He died at Shelburne, Vt., in 1883.
1815 At " The Ark," a hotel kept by David Douglass
at the foot of River street, the first election of viUage
officers was held. The tmstees chosen were: WU
Ham BaUey, Jonathan Griffin, John Palmer, Reuben
H. Walworth, Levi Piatt, Samuel Moore, Eleazer
MUler, Clerk, GUead Sperry.
1897 The funeral services of the late Horace L. Jewett,
colonel of the 21st Infantry, U. S. A. and command
ing officer at Plattsburgh Barracks, were held. The
interment was with military honors in the Post
cemetery. Colonel Jewett was a veteran of the Civil
War and member of the Order of the Cincinnati.
MAY 3
Why Nature is so sweet,
Sufficient and complete.
Grows plainer day by day
To him who learns her way.
— James Buckham.
1766 — arrived at Albany, where I was confined
to my room, sometimes to my bed, until Saturday.
— Gilliland.
1785 Mr. GUHland will please to confine his pro
posals for the lands at Ticonderoga to those com
prehended by the Hmits foUowing to wit: bounded
southerly and easterly by the waters of Lake Cham
plain; northerly and westerly by patented lands, as
the commissioners cannot have any other land there,
and of course are not authorized to receive proposals
for any other least it might hereafter be subject to
controversy. Mr. GiUiland will please to retum this
letter with his proposals.
— George Clinton. Land Papers, v. 38, p. 109.

124 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1793 Joseph Ketchum bought the interests of Peter
Tappan and Israel Smith, in the mill company, but
the next year he died suddenly while away on a
business trip and subsequently many changes oc
curred in the ownership of the nulls, the whole
property at one time coming into the hands of Judge
Levi Piatt and later into the hands of the Bank of
Plattsburgh, when it was divided and sold piece
meal.
1815 The trustees of Plattsburgh vUlage elect Levi
Piatt, as their first president and GUead Sperry,
clerk.
1854 Providence Orphan Asylum of BurHngton foimd-
ed by Bishop DeGoesbriand. MAY 4
And Nature's way is this :
In naught to be remiss;
To build a tree, a weed,
As if with God agreed ;
— James Buckham.
1822 At an examination held in the Academy Theo-
phelus A. O. Bruneau of Montreal, took the first
prize in languages; Wm. C. Bacon of Plattsburgh,
first in mathematics and composition; John P,
HaU, first in declamation; John Ransom in geog
raphy; Miss Lucretia M, Davidson in composition
and history; EHzabeth S. Freligh In arithmetic;
Deha A, Griffin in geography and Mary E. Walworth
the second prize in the same subject.
A Week Before Examinations.
One has a headache, one a cold.
One has her neck in flannel rolled;
Ask the complaint, and you are told
'Next week's examination.'

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 125
One frets and scolds, and laughs and cries.
Another hopes, despairs, and sighs ;
Ask but the cause and each replies,
'Next week's examination.'
One bans her books, then grasps them tight,
And studies morning, noon, and night.
As though she took some strange delight
'In these examinations.'
The books are marked, defaced, and thumbed.
The brains with midnight tasks benumbed.
Still all in that account is summed,
'Next week's examination.'
— Lucretia Maria Davidson.
1848 Mary Ferris, widow of Gideon Rugar, died at
her home on Rugar street, aged 95 years.

MAY 5
With the breaking forth of the buds in spring there is a
certain primitive and inextinguishable passion that breaks forth
in men. It is the well-nigh universal desire to go a-fishing,
— James Buckham.
1767 John and James Young, James GilHland and
his wife and Anne Hussey arrived this day from
N, York. — Gilliland.
1786 In England died Gen. Augustine Prevost, a
British officer of the Revolution, and father of Sir
George Prevost.
1872 At the Albany Cathedral, amid a throng of
spectators many of whom were old friends and had
come from a distance, the Rev. Edgar P. Wadhams
was consecrated bishop by Archbishop McClosky
(the assistant consecrators being Bishops DeGoes
briand, of Burlington, and WilHams, of Boston).

126 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
" Go forth, then, man of Ciod, where God and
duty caU thee : Be thou the Apostle of the American
Highlands, and of that broad and noble plain whose
borders are a majestic lake, a mighty river, an inland
ocean, and the primeval mountains."
— Extract from sermon on that occasion.

MAY 6
1777 Gen'l Burgoyne arrived at Quebec from Eng
land, — no Ships ever arrived sooner, the Passage
up the River be'g obstructed by the Ice. Prepara
tions were now made for an Expedition under his
Command, against Tyconderoga. Contracts for
Horses were made and Carriages purchased, the
Batteaux' s were put in repair and the New Ship
caUed the Royal George was launched and fitted up
to carry 24 Guns, 12 P'rs. Some of the Rebel Vessels
taken last year, were also put in condition to act
offensively and went thro' several alterations.
— Lieut. Hodden's Journal.
— Harpenden, Oct. 28, 181 7.
1778 Ethan AUen, prisoner of war in England, ex
changed for Lieut. John CampbeU.
1873 The Methodist Episcopal church in Champlain
was consumed by fire, only the furniture of the
parsonage and a few movable things in the church
being saved. Most discouraging was the outlook
for the new pastor, S. D. EUdn's, to find the house of
worship and parsonage in ashes, but the Presby
terians offered the use of their vestry and through
the energy of the new pastor, supported by this
homeless flock, in two years another church was
dedicated.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 127

MAY 7
Ah! happy is the man
Who follows Nature's plan, —
Pretends not ; is too great
To seem or imitate; — James Buckham.
1767 — ^went with the Youngs to view land; they like
the tract much. — Gilliland,
1775 Ethan AUen with a band of two hundred and
seventy men and Benedict Arnold with a Colonel's
commission from the Committee of Safety of Mas
sachusetts, authorizing him to raise a regiment of
fovir hundred men, met at Castleton, Vt. to lead an
expedition to the surprise of Ticonderoga.
1824 Bom in Chazy, Harry Sawyer Ransom, youngest
son of Roswell and Ruth (Kingsley) Ransom. He
went west — first to Missouri and then California, but
returning to his native place, enlisted in his country's
service. He was brevetted Major, U. S. Vols, for
eminent and conspicuous conduct in battle while
commanding Company I, 11 8th Regiment, N. Y.
Vols., at the battle of Drury's Bluff, Va., when he
was severely wounded.
1837 A pubhc meeting at St. Ours on the RicheHeu
to protest against Lord John RusseU's measure
depriving the Canadian Assembly of aU control over
revenues, etc. The real leader of the insurrection
was Dr. Wolfred Nelson, a physician of St. Denis,
and the crowning act of the assembly was the choice
of Louis Joseph Papineau as chief. Dr. Nelson was,
after the failure of the insurrection, exiled to Ber
muda but escaping, came to Plattsburgh, where his
skiU as a physician and surgeon won him a large

128 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
practice. His son. Dr. Horace Nelson, a distinguished
surgeon and publisher, married a daughter of Col.
David B. McNeU, MAY 8
1642 Maisonneuve and his company, now numbering
forty men and four women, left Quebec where they
had spent the winter, and set out for the island of
Montreal.
1765 — sowed the first of our garden seed. — Gilliland.
1766 The birthday of Liberty Newton, son of Marshall
Newton of Shrewsbury, Mass, Afterwards, both
father and son were pioneers of Shoreham, Vt,, and
the latter, a soldier of the Revolution, later settled
at Ticonderoga, where, in i8oi, he built the first
iron forge in Champlain VaUey.
1775 Main body of troops under Allen and Arnold
left Castleton, to proceed by land to a point opposite
Ticonderoga. At the same time, Capt. Herrick was
sent to seize the smaU fort at Skeenesborough, take
the vessels coUected there, and meet AUen and
transport his party across the lake.
1805 Roads were laid out " Leading from the West
Road so Call'd untill it Intersects Delong's Road
leading to Chattagway;" "from Baitmantown untill
it Intersects a Road Leading to Wood's Saw MiU;"
" from Baitmantown to Chattagway;" " from a
Road that Leads to Chattagway to David King's;"
and one " from the State Road by RosweU Graves'
towards Plattsburgh."
1856 Samuel Moore, son of Andrew and EHzabeth
(Dorland) Moore of Flushing, L. I. and grandson of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 129
Dr. WiUiam Moore from Antrim, Ireland, who settled
in Stonington, Ct. died aged 86 years. He had sur
vived his wife, Elizabeth Pitcher, 2 1 years. As early
as 181 1, he was a prominent merchant of the place
and was chosen a member of the first board of tms
tees; also, of the committee to raise money by vol
untary subscriptions to purchase a lot for the Acad
emy; and, of the building committee.

MAY 9
The limpid lake lies languidly at rest,
So chaste, so cool, so calm:
— Grace Pearl Macomber.
1775 AUen's party reached the shore of the lake
opposite Ticonderoga early in the evening, and
Herrick, not having arrived, had to procure a supply
of boats in the neighborhood. A large oar boat
belonging to Major Skene, was seized by James
WUcox and Joseph Tyler, while other boats were
procured from other quarters. In the meantime,
Capt. Herrick captured young Major Skene, twelve
negroes and about fifty dependents or tenants
without firing a gun; took a large schooner and
several smaU boats, afterwards joining Allen at
Ticonderoga.
1790 Birth in Essex, Essex county, of Henry H.
Ross, son of Judge Daniel and Elizabeth (GilHland)
Ross, early pioneers in Champlain vaUey. General
Ross became one of the able lawyers of this region
and was first Judge of the County under the new
constitution, as his father had been under the old.
In poHtics a Whig, on the dissolution of that party,
he joined the northem wing of the Democracy and
supported Douglass in i860. His homestead, built
in 1820, is an interesting landmark.

130 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1812 Catherine Kilbum Marsh, daughter of George
and Polly (Buel) Marsh, formerly from Litchfield,
Conn, and GUead Sperry from Manchester, Vt., were
married by the Rev, Frederick Halsey, Catharine
street was so named in honor of Mrs, Sperry, because
her husband gave to the village that portion of the
street which ran through his property.
1814 Capt. Daniel Pring entered the lake with the
brig Linnet, five sloops, and thirteen galleys. Sev
eral of the enemy's vessels had been anchored near
Rouses Point since the second of April when the
northem end of the lake was free from ice.
1841 Henry Buck, son of Ephraim and Mary Buck, a
young man of twenty-one was drowned in Lake
Champlain, This is but one of many instances where
families in the valley gave a child to the waters of
the lake. The Thurbers of Rouses Point and Judge
Levi Piatt's family may be mentioned as examples,
MAY 10
1752 All the land along the lake shore in the north
part of the County having been granted in Seig
niories by the French Govemment, and the grantees
having failed to make any permanent improvement,
aU these grants were declared forfeited.
1765 Wm. GUliland, a prosperous merchant with
assorted supplies embarked at New York for the
Champlain VaUey, where he fiirst located between
the Boquet river and SpHt Rock. With him were
the Rev. George Henry, a minister; John Chislm
and Robert Maclane, millwrights; George Melson,
a carpenter; John Mattoon, a clerk; and James
Storkner, Robert and John McAuley and George

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 131
Belton, weavers. Besides these there were Mrs.
Belton, and Mrs, Chislm with Catherine Shepherd,
hired to keep house, and Mary Craig, indentured
for four years.
1766 The Gilliland family set out with the Rev. Mr.
Henry of Quebec and his family in separate bateaux.
Mrs, Henry invited Httle Jane GilHland, six years
old, to accompany her. At Half Moon the bateau
in which were the Henrys, was upset by a projecting
tree and the strong current of the river, and little
Jane and the two youngest sons of Mr, Henry "went
adrift down with the current," Jane floated about
half a mUe; one boy, a mile, but was saved by a
scrap of bark under his head, which kept his back
above water. The body of the second youngest son
was recovered five miles below Albany, 12 days
after.
1775 As day began to dawn, but 83 of Allen's men
had crossed the lake and the commander of the
Green Mottntain Boys resolved to wait no longer.
WhUe the boats were sent back for the rear divisions,
under the guidance of young Nathan Beman, whose
home was on the opposite shore at Shoreham, the
intrepid party entered the fort by a covered way,
and the surrender of the surprised garrison restUted
in a few minutes, about four o'clock in the morning.
The prisoners were the first of the Revolution and
the cannon captured, drawn by ox-teams to Boston,
enabled General Washington to make good his
works on Dorchester Heights.
Later, Warner arrived with the remaining troops,
and was dispatched with a detachment of men to
take Crown Point, but strong head winds drove back
the boats and all returned the same evening. It was
after the surprise of Ti that the altercations, accord-

132 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
ing to Nathan Beman, occurred between Arnold
and Allen, during which the latter became so enraged
that he stmck Arnold's hat from his head, and the
sight of it, gay with tinsel and roUing in the mud,
was never forgotten by the boy eye-witness. Dr.
Jonas Fay of Bennington was there that day as
surgeon and he continued in that position after the
arrival of Col. Elmore's Connecticut regiment.
1803 In Shelburne, Vt, the boy afterwards known as
"Captain Dan Lyon" was bom, A lad of five when
the steamboat Vermont was launched at BurHng
ton in 1808, he could remember the first steamboat
on the lake and her quaint captain, John Winans.
When Dan Lyon grew up he, too, became a " captain "
and commanded successively the General Green,
Phoenix No. 2, Winooski, and Whitehall, retiring
about 1844, and spending his latter years in Bur
Hngton.
1814 Pring anchored his fleet near Providence Island;
Gen, Izard at Plattsburgh notified Macomb at
Burlington of the approach of the enemy and late
that night the latter sent the news to Vergennes
and Capt. Thornton with 50 light artiUerymen in
wagons to man the battery. All night the selectmen
of the lake towns worked running bullets for the
approaching confHct,
1850 Died at Bridport, at the age of 98, Gen. David
Whitney, Revolutionary soldier and early settler
of Addison on the north bank of Ward's Creek. Gen.
Whitney was a member of the Constitutional Conven
tions of 1793, 1814, '36, and '43, and represented
Addison for many years.
1892 TreadweU's Mills Pulp and Paper Company
incorporated.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 133
MAY 11
1766 — set the first of our potatoes.
— ^this day my daughter (Jane) was taken up
at or close by the place she sank.— Gilliland.
1775 Crown Point, now garrisoned by a sergeant
and twelve men only, captured by Warner and
Capt. Remember Baker, The latter with his company
had been summoned from the Winooski River set
tlement by AUen, and on the way had met and cap
tured two boats bound for St. John's with news of
the capture of Ticonderoga.
1776 Dr. Franklin left Montreal to-day to go to St.
Johns and from thence to Congress. The doctor's
declining state of health and the bad prospect of
our affairs in Canada, made him take this resolution.
— Charles Carroll of CarroUton in his Diary.
1816 Death of Capt. Nathaniel Piatt, a brother of
Judges Zephaniah and Charles Piatt, and one of
the founders of Plattsburgh, to whom that city owes
the extra width of Broad street and the tract com
prising the older portion of Riverside Cemetery.
Captain Piatt is credited with having raised the
first company of troops on Long Island.
1909 A horse, in the swollen waters of the Ausable,
made a most heroic fight for life, being carried nearly
a mUe downstream, from above Murray's mill dam,
over that structure past the "deep hole," shooting
rapids, and into a whirlpool, until rescued by one of
the many men, who had watched with anxiety and
admiration the hairbreadth escapes and wonderful
courage of the noble animal.

134 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
MAY 12
1766 — removed her (Jane's) corpse to Coleman's,
in StiUwater by his desire and request, who having
laid out his family biuying ground near his house,
our daughter was decently interred there on Tuesday.
— Gilliland.
1777 Gen. Burgoyne proceeded to Montreal, using
every possible exertion to coUect and forward the
troops and stores to Lake Champlain.
1779 Capt, John Douglass, a soldier of the Revolution,
was married to Hannah, daughter of Judge and
Hannah (Douglass) Brown of Pittstown, They at
first settled in Stephentown, but afterwards in
Chazy, landing on the shore March 15, 1793, with
his wife and seven children, the first English famUy
to settle in the town. His brother Nathaniel, who had
married his wife's sister Prudence, also settled in
Chazy on land granted to their father, Asa, the
Revolutionary soldier, who had led a company of
thirty " Silver Grays " at the battle of Bennington.
1868 Death of Judge Lemuel Stetson, a man of decided
talent, who occupied a leading position at the bar.
He had held the positions of district attorney, member
of Assembly, member of Congress, County judge,
member of the Constitutional Convention of 1846,
was a candidate for comptroller for the Democratic
ticket in 1855. The Stetson house, built by James
Savage, from whom Savage's Island was named,
was removed to make room for the County Clerk's
office. Its architecture bears a close resemblance
to that of the Dr. Benj. J, Mooers house, next door
north; to the Gen. Benj, Mooers house before the
addition; to the FreHgh house, next to the latter;

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 135
the Morgan house, on Macomb street, and several
others buUt in the early part of the nineteenth
century,
1886 Plattsburgh celebrated its first Arbor Day.

MAY 13
1765 WUHam GilHland reached Albany where he
purchased and coUected cattle, procuring boats
from Schenectady and transporting them across
the plains by wagons to the Hudson, the ascent of
that river occupying eight days,
1779 About midnight, eight of the prisoners captured
by Major Carleton, the previous year in his descent
from Canada, made their escape but four were re
captured opposite Quebec, three of them. Ward of
Addison, and Nathan and Marshall Smith of Brid
port, again effected an escape, and after twenty
days of incredible hardships, arrived at Bridport,
1810 Piatt Newcomb, the first male child born in
Plattsburgh, married Ruth Scribner,
1814 Friday, the British flotiUa consisting of a brig
(the Linnet, with 20 guns, commanded by Capt,
Dan'l Pring), 6 sloops and schooners and 10 row-
gaUies passed up the lake from Rouses Point, and in
the afternoon appeared off the village of Essex.
The soldiers of one row-galley, after giving chase to a
smaU row boat which escaped up the Boquet, landed
on the north side of that river and plundered a farm
house. The fleet anchored for the night off SpHt
Rock, whUe the militia officers at Vergennes spent
the night running bullets and Capt. Winans made
preparations for blowing up his vessel, the steamer

136 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Vermont, rather than permit her falling into the
hands of the enemy.
1832 The Rev. Joseph Howland Coit began his labors
in the newly organized parish of Trinity Church, at
that time " consisting of only a few families, worship
ping in the Court House. This was the only point
from Whitehall to Rouses Point, a distance of one
hundred and twenty miles along the shore of Lake
Champlain, where the Church had a foothold; while
westward, one was compelled to traverse Clinton and
Franklin cotmties entirely, and as far as Potsdam in
St. Lawrence, before a single congregation could be
met in that direction."

MAY 14
1765 Isaac Bush and William Barnes, drovers, arrived
at Albany, with 20 oxen, 20 cows, i buU, and a
number of calves for me. — Gilliland.
1775 Arnold embarked at Crown Point with fifty
men on board the schooner captured at Skenes
borough, since fitted out and armed.
1811 The committee appointed for the purpose,
consisting of Samuel Moore, Jonathan Griffin, and
Louis Ransom, purchased for ;^ioo from Abraham
Brinckerhoff, Jr., of the City of New York, a lot
extending four rods on Oak street and ten rods
back, bounded on the south by "a contemplated
street (now Brinckerhoff) to be laid out between
the land of Melancton Smith and lot seven." The
buUding was begun at once and by fall was ready
for occupancy, the first principal being Bela Edgerton
with Benjamin Oilman from Gilmanton, N. H.,
as assistant.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 137
1814 Early Saturday morning, the British flotilla
sailed from Split Rock and attempted to enter Otter
Creek to force their way to Vergennes to destroy
the shipping, but were prevented by the fire from
the works at the entrance, commanded by Capt.
Thornton of the artiUery and Lieut. Cassin of the
navy. "The leetle fort, Fort Cassin, they called it, fur
the Leftenant commandin' on't, gin em as good as
they sent, an' the cannem thunderin' an' the echoes
rumbHn' an' baoundin' back an' tu, made a n'ise
Hke twenty Fo'th o' Julys rolled into one — an'
bimeby we seen the gunboats a-crawlin off, clean
Hcked aout, tu where the ol' he boat was stan'in off
juUuk a henhawk sailin' over a barnyard, an' then
they aU put off down the lake 'n' aout o' sight."
— Rowland Evans Robinson,
Ferrisburgh, May 14, 1833; Oct. 15, 1900.
1834 Great snow storm prevailed and the Rev. Moses
Chase wrote in the Session book of the Presbyterian
church of Plattsburgh: — "In consequence of ill
health, I have obtained permission to be absent
from my charge one year." The Rev. A. D. Brinck
erhoff was engaged to supply the Church during his
absence.
1845 Clinton, formed from EUenburgh. The earHest
settlement was along the Old MUitary Turnpike, the
settlers at this point coming mostly from Vermont,
around by the older town of Chateaugay.
1862 The comer-stone of St. Patrick's chapel on St.
Paul street in BurHngton, laid and blessed. The
chapel, a fine specimen of Gothic architecture, is
built of white and purple sandstone.

138 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
MAY 15
I believe we shall never know, until it is revealed to us
in the other life, how much the birds — ^the innocent, pure singers
of the air — have done to lift humanity above its baser instincts,
and make men more worthy to be called the sons of God.
— James Buckham.
1814 Macdonough's squadron sailed out of Otter
Creek into the Narrows, and away to the north,
cruising all summer about the lake, and drilling
for the engagement that was deemed inevitable.
1815 When the Constitution went out of commis
sion, H. B. Sawyer was transferred to the Independ
ence, Flag ship of Commodore Bainbridge in the
Mediterranean and there remained from 181 6-1 7.
In 1 81 8 he was promoted to Lieutenant and
ordered to the Alert (the first British Man-of-
War captured during the war of 181 2 -14).
1887 Died Wendell Lansing, founder in 1839 at
Keesville, N, Y., of the Essex County Republican.
Not being able conscientiously to publish the Repub
lican on a radica:l anti-slavery basis, his poHtical
principles being in advance of his party, he sold out.
But in 1854 he returned to newspaper work and
started the Northern Standard which, after the
election of Lincoln, was merged with the Republican.
A descendant of the Lansings of HoUand and
Holdens of England, all patriots, forty-two members
of the two families serving in the Revolution, WendeU
Lansing on the breaking out of the Civil War, raised
a company of volunteers from the Au Sable VaUey,
and served in the campaign before Richmond. Sick
ness sent him home from the front.
In 1864, he purchased the Plattsburgh Sentinel,
then edited by Joseph W. Tuttle. The next year,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 1 39
he formed a co-partnership with his son Abram W.,
just honorably discharged from the army, and later,
after the re-purchase of the Essex County Repub
lican, the papers were run together until the son's
death in 1896,

MAY 16
1808 The birthday of Andrew Witherspoon, D, D.
" one of nature's noblemen," Bom in Leith, Scot
land, he came with his father's family to Mooers,
N. Y, and spent the greater part of his life in the
Troy Conference. At KeeseviUe, before a session of
that body, being called to answer the charge of writ
ing articles for the press arraigning the Church for
countenancing American slavery, although no proof
of his authorship could be produced, he arose and
said: " But there is another tribunal before which
we all stand, and to which all hearts are open," and
with upHfted hand, he turned to Bishop Morris,
adding, " Before God I dare not say that I am not
the author of those articles." Then followed a
masterly defense of his anti-slavery principles, and
he Hved to see them vindicated,
1814 The steamboat Vermont, the first on the
lake, on her trip between BurHngton and Platts
burgh, escaped capture by three gunboats from the
British fleet under Captain Pring, in ambush under
the shore of Providence Island, opposite Cumberland
Head, through the discovery and revelation of the
plot by Duncan McGregor of Alburg, Vt,
1822 Was bumed the homestead buUt by Capt.
Nathaniel Piatt, in 1796, from timber hewn and
prepared in Poughkeepsie, and brought to Platts
burgh in bateaux. From this house Capt, Piatt

140 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
refused to go at the time of the British invasion
1 814, although aU the family had fled to Pem, and
he did not hesitate to express himself freely to a
young officer who addressed him insolently. Doors
from the original building are said to be in use in
the present structure on the same site, the stone
house built for Judge WUHam Bailey, Cornelia Street.
1838 At Irasburgh, at the home of her son Ira H,,
died Jerusha (Enos) Allen, daughter of Gen, Roger
Enos and widow of Gen, Ira AUen, She was 74
years old,
1858 At his home (now Custom House Square) died
" Uncle Robert " Piatt, whose wife, Mary Daggett
Piatt, had died five years before. In 1843, Robert
Piatt had removed from Valcour where, in 1798,
his father, Judge Zephaniah, had given him a fine,
large farm of several hundred acres on Lake Cham
plain in Peru, Suddenly out of the woods there broke
A line of cavalry, gray as smoke.
A troop — a regiment — a brigade!
God ! what a rush and roar they made.
— James Buckham.
1864 Of the men of the 11 8th at Drury's Bluff, there
were wounded Lieut, Col, Geo. F, Nichols, Adj.
John M, Carter, Capts, Livingston and Ransom,
Lieuts, Treadway and Sherman, while Capt. Dennis
Stone, who before entering the army had been pastor
of the Presbyterian Church at Au Sable Forks, and
James H, Pierce were taken prisoners, Lieut, W, H,
Stevenson was killed while carrying his wounded
captain, Robert W. Livingston, to a place of safety.
Of him his captain said: "No more gaUant and
generous spirit was offered among the victims of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 141
the war. No praise of Lieutenant Stevenson — his
gaUant ardor — ^his dash — his generous friendship,
can be misplaced." Stevenson's assistants, George
MiUer and William Huff were wounded, captured,
and died in Southern prisons. It was here that
Lieut. Henry J. Adams of Elizabethtown seized a
standard and shouted " Rally round the flag boys! "
In the morning of this disastrous day, Capt.
Benedict, a young and gallant officer of the 96th,

capt WALTER H, BENEDICT.
was kiUed with two of his men by a shell. He was
descended from two patriot famihes, the Halsey s
and Benedicts, living on Long Island during the
Revolution and afterwards early settlers of Platts
burgh. Walter H. Benedict Post, G. A. R. per
petuates his memory, MAY 17
1642 Ascending the St, Lawrence, after nine days,
Maisonneuve and his little company, reached the

142 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
island of Montreal, where they erected an altar
near the river. This was decorated by MUe. Mance
and Mme. de la Peltrie: the Jesuit Father Vimont
celebrated High Mass, while the entire band bowed
before him. Thus was Villemarie (Montreal) foimded.
1775 At six o'clock Thursday morning, Arnold and
his men, after a night of hard rowing in two small
bateaux, reached St. Johns. The smaU garrison was
soon taken with arms and stores, the King's sloop

ELIZA H. MILLER PLATT

1788

with crew of seven men, two brass six-pounders,
and four bateaux, while five were destroyed, leaving
no boat for pursuit. Two hours later, the daring
band started for Ticonderoga, on the captured sloop,
re-christened the Enterprise. Their own vessel, the
schooner captured at Skenesborough, they had left
becalmed thirty miles above St, Johns.
At Po'keepsie, to Dr. John MiUer and his wife,
Margaret Smith, was bom a daughter, EHza Hunting,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 143
At four years of age, the little EHza was left mother
less, but the one chosen to fUl the vacant place
was her mother's sister. Aunt Elizabeth, and the
household was a weU-ordered one. At fifteen, the
eldest daughter left it for a home of her own.
1820 On his mother's birthday, Jonas Piatt, the
eighth chUd of Judge Levi Piatt, was bom. He
was named for his paternal uncle. Judge Jonas
Piatt, Young Jonas went to Louisiana and had
numerous descendants.
1827 Capt. Sidney Smith, U, S. N., died in the 45th
year of his age. He left a widow (who afterwards
married Asa HaskeU of Malone and lived to old age)
and children, WiUiam Sidney, Margaret, and Cathe
rine, During the siege of Plattsburgh, Captain
Smith was a prisoner of war at Quebec, In his home
hung an oU portrait of himself, painted when a very
young man. Through this a British officer thrust a
sword, making a hole in the neck. The mutilated
Hkeness is stiU treasured by a granddaughter,
MAY 18
It is when this temperate zone of ours, and those rugged
landscapes to which most of us are accustomed, are all pink
and white and fragrant with blossoms of orchards, that angling
time is at its height. — James Buckham.
1765 Embarked in four bateaux, to proceed to Fort
Edward, having to the amount of eighty barrels of
stores and aU the people on board; being detained
until now for two bateaux, ordered from Schenec
tady, — Gilliland.
1775 Arnold and his party reached Crown Point on
the King's sloop captured at St, Johns, and now

144 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
called the Enterprise. On the way they had met
Allen's party going north,
1805 A road was laid out " Leading from John M.
Grant's (Chazy) to Amos Ingraham's,"
MAY 19
1765 — ^arrived at Half Moon, where we were joined
the 2oth, by WUHam Luckey, cooper and farmer,
to get 40 s p month, — Gilliland.
1766 — This day J. W. set out for to meet me, which
he did at Stillwater and finding me sick and unable
to travel, he returned with Nehemiah Smith, his
wife, son and daughter, Archd McLaughlin, black
smith, Catharine Welch and Betsy WUliams. who
aU arrived at Willsborough, 4 June. — Idem.
1767 — Birth at New York of Sir George Prevost, son
of Augustine Prevost, a British general of the Revo
lution, who was born at Geneva, Switzerland, about
1725-
1775 — English troops at St, Johns fired upon AUen's
party with six field pieces and two hundred smaU
arms. This fire AUen returned but, reahzing the
superior numbers of the enemy, hastily re-embarked
for Crown Point.
1790 — Death of General Israel Putnam, a Ranger
with Rogers and an officer in the Revolution, at
Bunker Hill, Long Island, New Jersey and West
Point.
1855 In Columbus, Ohio, died Major Reuben Sanford,
a pioneer of Wilmington and commander at the
battle of Plattsburgh of " Sanford's BattaHon.''

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 145
It was he who built the brick church, store and old
red school house at Wilmington. After the retreat
from Culver's Hill and Halsey's Comers on Sept. 6,
while engaged in cutting the stringers to destroy the
upper bridge over the Saranac, his axe was hit by
a buUet and stuck in the " Scarf " of the wood he
was chopping, but the Major kept on, only remarking
" It's too bad to spoil such a good ax."
1873 — The musical qualities of the organ in the
Presbyterian Church, the gift of S, F, Vilas, exhibited
by Professors Moore and Reed,
MAY 20
1784 SaiUy reached Poughkeepsie, the home of the
Platts,
1841 Plattsburgh Lyceum incorporated with Hon.
J, Douglas Woodward, as president,
1844 The remains of Lieut, Kingsbury of the 3d
Buffs (who died at the farmhouse of Isaac C, Piatt,
Esq., after the engagement at Halsey's Comers,
Sept. 6, 1 814) removed from Mr, Piatt's garden
where they had been interred, to Riverside cemetery
by Capt, C, A. Waite, then commander at Platts
burgh Barracks,
1845 At Port GillUand, Anna Maria Staats, wife of
WUHam GiUiland, Jr., died. Although the burying
ground, just north of their home, was the gift of her
husband to the neighborhood, and was known as
Gilliland cemetery, she was buried in Riverside
cemetery. Their barn was often used for the services
of the M. E. church until the building of the church
at Port Jackson.

146 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1869 Dr. Benjamin John Mooers, only son of John
Mooers, a pioneer in the valley in 1793, passed away
in his sleep, but six weeks after the loss of his wife.
Dr, Mooers had practiced medicine in Plattsburgh
through a long life, acting as surgeon at the battle
in 1 8 14. For years he was oftener called in con
sultation than any other physician in the county.
He was a " careful, judicious, and successful prac
titioner, well calculated for the famUy physician —
an honest man and christian gentleman." WhUe
pursuing his professional studies at the College of
Physicians and Surgeons of New York, he counted
among his friends, the celebrated Dr. Valentine
Mott. It was during his journeys through the lake
to New York that he first made the acquaintance of
Capt. John Boynton, whose daughter became the
wife of his eldest son.
1874 " Home for the Friendless in Northem New
York " incorporated by act of legislative power.
MAY 21
1775 Allen's party reached Ticonderoga in the evening
and found Arnold's party had arrived two days before.
1817 In the town of Lewis, Essex County, N. Y.,
was bom Edgar P., the sixth and youngest chUd
of Gen. Luman Wadhams and his wife, Lucy Prindle
(n^e Bostwick). At an academy in Shoreham, Vt.,
the future first bishop of Ogdensburgh prepared for
Middlebury CoUege from which he was graduated
with honors in 1838 and from which coUege he re
ceived the degree of LL.D. a short time before his
death.
1842 Died at Rouses Point, Ezra Thurber, son of
Edward Thurber, Sr. (pioneer in the town of Cham-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 147
plain, 1799) and his wife, Abigail Thurber. Gen.
Ezra Thurber, in 1823, gave and laid out the old
burying ground at Rouses Point; was admitted to
the fellowship of " The Second Baptist Church of
Chazy " in 1824, and became a prominent member,
resigning its clerkship just one week before his death.
1886 Birthday of William Mooers Piatt, member of
the Nathan Beman Society, Children of the American
Revolution. He died April 30, 1898.
Dear my friend, grieve not o'ermuch
For the vanished voice and touch;
******
Nay, ah nay! Bide thou a while
In thy place, nor weep, but smile.
Some day — sweet day! — ^thou shalt rise.
Pass the curtain, meet his eyes!
— James Buckham.
MAY 22
1773 The marriage license of Charles Piatt of Pough
keepsie and Caroline Adriance of Fishkill was re
corded at Albany. The bride was born in Holland,
a coimtry which her husband had visited some years
previous during an extensive tour embracing the
West Indies, Mosquito Coast, Charlestown, S. C,
England, Holland and Madeira, returning to New York
after an absence of ten years and six months. Mrs.
Piatt always read her Dutch Bible. She was a
notably handsome woman even in advanced years,
having rosy cheeks and a dignified mien and wearing
a cap with daintily crimped border. The three
daughters and five sons were: Margaret, married
N. H. TreadweU; Letitia, first wife of Rev, Frederick
Halsey ; Hannah, wife of Eleazer MiUer ; and Zephaniah,
Isaac C, Charles C, Nathaniel, and Nathaniel 2nd.
1784 SaiUy left Poughkeepsie for Albany.

148 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1864 Henry S. Johnson died of consumption at his
home in Plattsburgh. Though young, only 38, he
had successfuUy overcome the many obstacles which
beset his path, when barely fourteen carrying his
own compass in the work of surveying, teaching
school at sixteen, and at eighteen studying law in the
office of Swetland and Beckwith, ultimately becoming
an able lawyer in the threefold character of attorney,
counsel and advocate. As a citizen, neighbor and
friend, he was without reproach.
Say not that his course is run.
Heaven is older than the sun,
Heaven saw his task begun.
— James Buckham.
MAY 23
1775 Birth at Hartford, Conn., of Ann, daughter of
John and Ann (Skinner) Whitman.
This day, be it sacred: Ye spirits of air:
Who guarded the couch of the infant so fair —
— Mrs. Margaret M. Davidson.
Ann Whitman became the wife of Timothy Balch
of the same place, who, about 1802 settled at Platts
burgh (now West Plattsburgh) . Both were members
of the First Presbyterian church,
1784 — arrived at Albany which is 84 mUes from
Poughkeepsie, 168 miles or French agues from
New York. — Sailly.
1796 Zadock Thompson, the second son of Capt,
Barnabas Thompson of Bridgewater, Vt,, was bom,
A long convalescence from a severe wotmd which
nearly cost his Hfe, gave him opportunity for study
and he graduated from the U, V. M, with honor in
1823. From his labors, we have a vast amount of in-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 149
formation regarding Vermont, obtainable from no
other source. His chief work is "Natural, Civil and
Statistical History of Vermont " published in 1843
and written while the author was engaged in teaching
in the Vermont Episcopal Institute. His death in
1856 was occasioned by ossification of the heart.
Is learning your ambition?
There is no royal road;
Alike the peer and peasant
Must climb to her abode :
— Saxe.
1861 At Fort Warren in Boston Harbor as the " re
cruits " were marching around the mess room in
single fUe, one James E, Greenleaf started the line
" Glory, Glory, Hallelujah." One of their number
was a John Brown and someone added " John
Brown's body lies amouldering," The men caught
the inspiration of the moment and line after line was
added to the song, the men singing the chorus as
they fUed out upon the parade ground. That very
night, the bandmaster, P, S, Gilmore, arranged the
music for his full band.

MAY 24
1765 — Arrived at Fort Miller.— Gilliland.
1810 General Mooers took for a second wife, Elizabeth
Addoms, daughter of his neighbor on Cumberland
Head, Major John Addoms,
1812 The Union Academy was opened in Peru under
the direction of Chauncey Stoddard and Mary
Rogers, for the instruction of pupils in the usual
branches. Tuition was $2 per quarter, but for those
studying grammar, the price was $2.50, Board in re
spectable famihes could be obtained for |i .20 per week.

150 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1861 " John Brown's Body " was played at dress
parade for the first time by the band at Fort Warren.
1873 The Bible and Hymn Book was presented to
the First Presbyterian Church by Mrs. C. E. M.
Edwards. Both are from the Cambridge University
Press, the print of perfect clearness with red capitals
and border Hnes, while the binding, done in Boston,
is the heaviest Levant morocco of a dark blue with
deep embossing.
1894 Chief-engineer John W, Moore, U, S. N,, retired
with the rank of rear-admiral, having reached the
age of 62, after 42 years of active service. He was
in the first Atlantic-cable expedition, and with
Farragut, and has been a member of the Society of
the Cincinnati 33 years, having taken the place of
his maternal grandfather. Gen. Benj. Mooers.
MAY 25
Pursue the path our fathers trod,
Be thou, my son, what they have been:
— {Mrs.) Margaret M. Davidson.
1775 Nehemiah Hobart was born. In 1795 he married
Lydia Randall, aunt of Postmaster-general Randall
and in 1801 they became pioneers in Peru. At the
battle of Plattsburgh he served as a mihtiaman:
a worthy son of his sire, Daniel Hobart, the first
martyr of the Revolution from Ashbumham, Mass,
1792 At Panton, Vt,, Hiram Ferriss was bom. He
was the first steamboat pilot on the lake, taking
the helm of the old Vermont when she was launched
in 1809 and serving as steamboat pilot untU 1859,
just half a century. During that period he served
as pilot on every boat of the Champlain Transporta-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 151
tion Company without encountering a single serious
accident. The rocky reef opposite Port Kent was
discovered by him and bears his name. Between
1825 and 1830, he settled in Chazy and that was
his home until 1874 when he went to Wisconsin.
1861 "John Brown's Body " was first simg in Boston
as the men marched up State street from garrison
duty.
1909 The Ticonderoga Historical Society with its
guests celebrated Field day, placing temporary
markers at the " landing place of the most powerful
armed force (Army of Abercrombie and Lord Howe)
that ever came within our borders," Rigaud's Camp,
the crossing by the Military Road of Main Street and
of the River above the Falls; also, the spot where
Lord Howe's bones were found, Mt. Hope or MUl
Heights, and The French Lines.
MAY 26
1826 Congress passed a resolution of thanks to Mid
shipman SUes Dtmcan of the .Saratoga, for his gallant
conduct under the severe fire of the enemy (then
marching on the beach near Dead Creek). Duncan
went alone in a gig to order the return of the galleys,
lying in Cumberland bay.
Congress, the same month, also authorized the
President to cause to be delivered to the members
of the company of "Aiken's Volunteers," the rifle
promised each by Gen. Macomb, for their patriotic
services during the siege of Plattsburgh. The mem
bers of this company, mere boys, none of them old
enough for military service, were: — Martin J. Aiken,
Azariah C. Flagg, Ira A. Wood, Gustavus A. Bird,
James Trowbridge, Hazen Mooers, Henry K. AveriU,
St. John B. L. Skinner, Frederick P. AUen, Hiram

152 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Walworth, Ethan Everest, Amos Soper, James Patten,
Bartemus Brooks, Smith Bateman, Melancton W.
Travis, and Flavius Williams. The presentation was
made the next year by Gen, Mooers, ' then living
in the house to which these boys marched, to tender
their services to Gen. Macomb.
1861 On Sabbath morning, Lois (Barnes) Durand,
daughter of Joseph and Lucretia Barnes, and wife
of Calvin Durand, " entered into rest." Her remains
are resting in her native place, Charlotte, Vt,, where
she was born in 1799, and where, March 3, 1819,
she married a grandson of Francis Joseph Durand,
of Besancon, France, After a few years, the young
couple removed to ClintonvUle, N. Y,, where their
children were reared. The younger generation located
in Milwaukee and Chicago, and there her son, Henry
C. Durand, gave to Lake Forest College, in memory
of his mother, Lois Durand Hall. Mrs. Durand was
a granddaughter of the Revolutionary officer, Col,
Asa Barnes, and his wife, Lois Yale, a descendant
of the founder of Yale College,
1862 On the Williamsburgh road, in Virginia, leading
the reserve pickets. Major John E. Kelly of the
96th, fell, struck by four bullets. His remains, in
charge of Capt. Sweeney, were taken to his stricken
family at Plattsburgh, One more captain on God's field
Armed with mightier sword and shield
Than of yore his arms could wield.
— Buckham.
MAY 27
1735 Judge Zephaniah Piatt, " The Patroon " and
one of the original settlers of Plattsburgh was born
at Huntington, Long Island. He was a son of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 153
Zephaniah who, when 74 years old, was with many
of his neighbors, taken prisoner by the British and
driven into New York where he was confined in the
old prison ship. FaiHng ill with smallpox, he was
released at the earnest entreaty of his daughter
Dorothea, by Sir Henry Clinton but four days before
his death.
1765 Joined by Martin Taylor, farmer, at 45s p
month, — Gilliland.
1813 Mid, Horace BuckHn Sawyer was directed by
Com. Macdonough to take one of the gun boats to
Plattsburgh. On entering the bay, however, she
was struck by a gust of wind and thrown on her
beam end and it was several hours before her crew
were rescued more dead than alive from their im
mersion in nearly ice-cold water and taken on board
the Eagle.
1824 The first coUege building in BurHngton, begun
in 1801 and completed in 1807 at a cost of $40,000,
was destroyed by fire. It was of brick, four stories
high, 160 feet long, 75 feet wide in the center, and
45 feet in the wings and had been taken by the U, S.
govemment for an arsenal in 1813 and leased for
barracks ini8i4. Ini8i5, after it had been repaired,
the college sessions were resumed,
1831 Died in Plattsburgh, Joel Buck and his wife
Hulda Bostwick, each aged 73 years. They were
bom and died on the same date, and a double blue
marble stone marks their graves. They had come
from New Milford, Conn., about 1810-1812 with
their children BelUni, Philander, David, Ephraim,
and Hulda who married Daniel Beckwith, a farmer
of West Plattsburgh, Their son Ephraim, who was
president of the vUlage in 1835, went west in 1840,

154 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1869 The Roman CathoHc Church re-incorporated
under the name of " St, John the Baptist's Church
of Plattsburgh," with the Right Rev, John J, Con-
roy. Bishop of the Diocese of Albany, the Very Rev,
Edgar P. Wadhams, Vicar-General of the diocese,
and Richard J. Maloney, Pastor of the Church, and
two laymen as tmstees, the first two appointed
were Bemard McKeever and Patrick K. Delaney.

MAY 28
Blossoms In Age.
Yon is an apple-tree.
Joints all shrunk like an old man's knee.
Gaping tnmk half eaten away,
Crumbling visibly day by day;
Branches dead, or dying fast.
Topmost limb like a splintered mast.
Yet behold, in the prime of May,
How it blooms in the sweet old way!
— James Buckham.
1806 John Ransom who, with his sons for many
years kept hotel near the first steamboat landing at
Cumberland Head, died. It was at his wharf " Ran
som's Landing " that the early boats, the Vermont
and Phoenix stopped; here also, John Jacob Astor
on his way to buy furs in Canada, was a guest once
an entire week.
1889 At Crown Point, his native place, died Gen.
John Hammond, a son of Charles F. Hammond who
settled there early in the century, and was for more
than fifty years the leading business man in the iron
and lumber industries. Gen, Hammond did most
gallant service in the war and was twice wounded.
After peace was restored he devoted himself to the iron
manufacturing and railroad interests of the region.
He was a member of the 46th and 47th Congress,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 155
MAY 29
1765 — arrived at Fort George, with all the people,
cattle, bateaux and goods, — Gilliland.
1795 Isaac Smith of Dutchess county died at the age
of 72. His daughter Phebe, the wife of Dr, Mat
thias Burnet MiUer of Brooklyn, was the mother of
Mrs. Davidson, a poetess herself like her son and
two of her daughters. Isaac Smith's daughters
Margaret and EHzabeth were the first and second
wives of Dr. John MiUer, a brother of Dr. Burnet,
both sons of Burnet MiUer, a Revolutionary soldier,
who died in Plattsburgh in 1797.
1814 Macdonough brought his fleet out of Otter Creek
and cast anchor that same evening off Plattsburgh,
1821 Judge Charles Piatt, the first actual and perma
nent settler of Plattsburgh, passed away. He was
always addressed as "Judge " and held that office
for Clinton county untU sixty years old. His " ruf
fled shirt-front, stately appearance, ruddy complexion
and pleasant countenance " greatly impressed the
younger generation. It was Judge Piatt who, when
in London in 1761 copied the description of the
Piatt coat of arms. For several years he was the
only settler with a knowledge of medicine and this
he put to good use, doctoring the poor gratuitously
and giving treatment to the Indians for " a beaver
skin, the usual fee for bleeding,"
1824 Elizabeth Piatt went from her home on Cum
berland Head the bride of Henry Ketchum AveriU,
Sr. To her, the youngest daughter of his only sister
Hannah, the Hon, Moss Kent gave the house on
Margaret street, corner of Cornelia, next door north
of her sister, the wife of Dr, Mooers, It was in this
house that Moss Kent first met the little girl, Lucretia

156 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Davidson, whose benefactor he became. Here,
the young mother, Mrs. Averill, died at 35, leaving
three chUdren.
The Plattsburgh Republican of this date reads,
" we are gratified to learn that the Post Master
here has received from the Post-Master General
instructions to contract for bringing the mails from
Whitehall to this place twice a week by the steam
boat. This is as it should be, "
1872 Lucretia, wife of Zephaniah Pitt Piatt died aged
72 years. She and her sister Ann Eliza, daughters
of Col, Thomas MiUer were married on the same
day (Jan. 14, 1829), the one to Zephaniah P. and the
other to Zephaniah C, Piatt, his cousin. The presence
of " hundreds " of guests made the wedding what
is known among the Germans as a " high time,"
MAY 30
1838 Long years before this day had been set apart
in memory of our patriotic dead, the Hon, Moss
Kent died at his home with his nephew and name
sake, the Hon. Moss Kent Piatt. Moss Kent, son of
Moss Kent, Esq. and brother of the Chancellor, was a
practising lawyer, and held many important political
civil offices. His betrothed, a sister of J. Fenimore
Cooper, having been killed while horse-back riding,
he never married, but his kindness and generosity
to those about him was unbounded. To him, her
benefactor, Lucretia Davidson, owed her superior
advantages of education and to several of his nieces
he gave homes.
The golden age of peace has come on earth :
Lo, in the blood-stained fields, the lilies bloom.
And softly on the alien soldier's tomb
Is laid the wreath that owns his manly worth. — Buckham.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 157
1898 Saranac Chapter sent to the State Regent,
D. A. R., $20 to be used in equipping hospitals, and
the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution
marked the site of the Battery of 1813-14 by the
gift of a flagstaff and flag.
1899 Saranac Chapter, D. A. R., placed bronze
markers on the graves in Riverside Cemetery of the
foUowing soldiers of the Revolution:
Thomas Allen, — 181 1. Capt. Nathaniel Piatt, — 1741-
Zenas AUen, — 1763 — 1811. 1816.
Loring Larkin, — 1755-1845. Judge Zepheniah Piatt, — 1735—
[Interred on Larkin Place.] 1807.
Gideon Rugar, — 1808-
Bumet Miller, — 1797- Lieut. Peter Roberts, — 1804.
Gen. Benj. Mooers, — 1758- Allen Smith. — 1759-1847.
1838. Judge Melancton Smith, — 1744-
Adoniram Parrott. 1798.
Judge Chas. Piatt, — 1744- Judge Thomas Treadwell, — 1742-
1821. 1832.
Daniel Piatt, — 1756-1836. Jonathan Winchell.
The Society of the War of 181 2 also placed
markers on the graves of eleven of the eighty veterans
of that war known to be buried in this cemetery.
Henry K. AveriU ; Sheldon Durkee ; Jeremiah Graves ;
Smith Mead; Dr. B. J. Mooers; John Nichols; Judge
Levi Piatt; Zeph. Pitt Piatt; Capt. Sidney Smith;
Matthew M. Standish; Hiram Walworth.
The Children of the American Revolution dec
orated the grave of Samuel Beman, father of Nathan
Beman for whom their chapter is named. The
exercises were closed by the singing of the " Star
Spangled Banner."
1905 The Vermont branch of the Society of the United
States Daughters of 181 2 placed a marker on the
grave in Elmwood Cemetery, Burlington, of Joseph
Barron, pilot of Macdonough's flagship, the Saratoga
during the battle of Plattsburgh.

158

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

MAY 31

ETHAN ALLEN,

1778 Ethan Allen, on his arrival in this country,
waited on Gen, Washington at VaUey Forge and then
returned to Vermont, where he was received with
great joy. " Three cannons were fired that evening,
and the next morning Col, Herrick gave orders and
fourteen more were discharged " welcoming him to
Bennington; "thirteen for the United States and
one for young Vermont,"

1817 Miss Susan Cook who had, as a pupU at the
examination the previous faU, distinguished herself
" in all the branches pursued " thereby winning
first prize (Doddridge's Rise and Progress of ReH
gion in the Soul) and had drawn the " best map of
the United States and the best two of the whole "
now became instructor of the young ladies of the
Academy in the " various useful and ornamental
branches,"

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 159
1828 Capt, and Mrs. Charies T. Piatt lost their Kttle
son Benjamin Walworth and he was laid to rest in
the viUage cemetery beside his baby sister Caroline
who had died three years before.
From 1826 to '29 Capt. Piatt leased the white
house with bright green door and jet black knocker,
standing, gable end to the east side of Peru street,
just north of the down grade of Charlotte. In this
neighborhood, the short, stout, jolly-spirited cap
tain with his bronzed face, curHng black hair and
piercing eyes, home from a short cruise, was a familiar
figure. His wife (a sister of ChanceUor Walworth)
was as unlike her sailor husband as possible, for she
was taU and angiUar, with fair hair and complexion
and eyes of dark blue looking out from a face almost
classic in its symmetry.

l6o Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

JUNE 1
May and June have the same, sweet, constant, gentle,
unvarying winds — feminine voices, but no longer childish, queru
lous, nor uncertain; voices that hint of the ripeness, the poise,
and stability of womanhood. — Buckham.
1765 — arrived at Ticonderoga landing, — Gilliland.
1767 — planted peas which being old did not grow.
— Idem.
1776 Received orders to disembark (the wind stUl
against us or rather calm), and march up on shore
towards the enemy. We were about 500 men — and
more, we hoped, not far in our rear — aU in great
spirits on leaving the ships. Our camp equipage
and other baggage were left on board, to come up
when the wind would serve, — Lieut. Digby's Journal.
William Hay, who lived in a house near the shore
of the lake opposite Valcour Island, on a tract of
land granted in 1765 to Lieut. FrisweU, went to
Montreal to purchase a supply of flour and while
there, was arrested and thrown into prison by order
of Gen. Carleton. After several days, at the soHcita-
tion of merchants of that city, he was released. On
his retum he went to Crown Point and gave to the
American commander there information regarding
the strength and plans of the Indians that was con
sidered of much value at the time.

1894 New Barracks of Plattsburgh Military Post
occupied for the first time by Companies D, F and G
2 ist Infantry,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley l6l

JUNE 2
These winds make low, even sounds about your casement,
and in your trees, and over the grass, all day long. They express
nature's utter contentment and peace. They bring me news of
God's love for his world and his ever-reminding presence in it.
— James Buckham. Si
1765 — ^busy getting the goods and bateaux acrost
the landing. — Gilliland.
1766 — ^arrived at fort George on that day, in the
evn'g. My Ulness continuing, detained us all at
fort George for 9 days from the 2d, to Wednesday.
— Idem.
1767 — ^planted the foUowing: muskmelons, shaped
20th July; radishes, lettuce, tong grass, parsley,
savory, celeri, late cabbages, mustard, leeks, onions;
they aU came up short owing I beheve to dry weather.
— Idem.
1795 At a town-meeting in Plattsburgh, a tax of £2$
was voted for the benefit of schools.
1800 Calvin K. AverUl, son of Nathan AverUl, Jr.
and his wife PoUy Ketchum, was bom at Peru,
1813 Lieut, Sidney Smith, U, S, N, with two sloops
of war, the Growler and Eagle, chased some British
boats over the Hne into Canada, The same day, the
town of Peru was first divided into school districts
by Benjamin Sherman, WiUiam Keese, and Robert
Piatt, Commissioners,

l62 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
JUNE 3
Oh! the summer moms and evenings, when the lazy, lowing cows
Let you dream your boyish day-dreams, while they idly stopped
to browse. — James Buckham.
1813 At three o'clock in the morning Lieut. Smith
found himself at Ash Island while the enemy's row-
galleys had taken refuge under the guns and forti
fications of Isle aux Noix. Retreat against the
current of the lake and in the face of a strong south
wind, was impossible and in the four-hour engagement
that followed the Americans were forced to surrender.
The officers, among whom were Lieut. Smith, Loomis,
sailing master of the Eagle; Sawyer, midshipman,
and Capt. Herrick, were sent first to Montreal and
then to Halifax where they were confined in one of
H. M. ships of war, commanded by Hon. Capt.
Douglas " who treated them with great kindness
although his govemment had proposed to deal with
them as with traitors until assured by our govem
ment that for everyone so dealt with, two EngHsh-
men should receive simUar treatment." After an
exchange had been effected. Mid. Sawyer was ordered
to the Constitution.
1816 At Highgate, Vt,, was born John Godfrey Saxe,
second son of Peter and Elizabeth (Jewett) Sax, his
wife, Godfrey Sachs, the great-grandfather, died in
Pmssia when his son John, the emigrant, was but
fourteen. The name, anglicized to Sax had the e
added during the last half century. John Godfrey
Saxe, was an American poet, journalist, and lecturer,
best known, however, for his humorous poems. In
1859 and i860 he was the unsuccessful candidate
for governor of Vermont.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 163
1824 James Savage, Esq., died " at his seat in Platts
burgh," aged 84 years. He was buried beside his
wife, Anne, in Elmwood cemetery, BurHngton,
1875 At his home, four miles from the viUage of Platts
burgh on the old turnpike leading to Malone, died
Elder Chester Balch for more than 30 years a ruHng
elder of the First Presbyterian church — a man of the
old puritanical stamp. He was a son of Timothy
Balch of Hartford, Conn,, who had located about
1802 on a farm a short distance from that of his
brother Ebenezer.

JUNE 4
We had God's sunshine for our drink.
And all the things of earth were sweet —
— Buckham.
1646 Father Isaac Jogues with Sieur Bourdon, royal
engineer, and some Indians arrived at Fort Orange,
where he had formerly been so hospitably received
and sheltered for six weeks after his escape from
his Mohawk captors,
1690 A smaU party of French and Indians of the Sault
and Mountains returning from an expedition against
the EngHsh in canoes, " being arrived at noon at
Salmon river which falls into Lake Champlain "
whUe at evening prayer were discovered by a war
party of Algonquins and Abenakis,
Paris Documents, Colonial History.
1760 Major Rogers, who had left Crown Point with
200 Rangers and 25 light infantry in bateaux in
October, landed his men on the west shore of the
lake, twelve miles south of Isle aux Noix (Rouses

164 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Point), the rest of his party remaining on board the
sloop which, under the command of Capt. Grant,
had been sent back to Isle la Motte.
1765 — proceeded to Crown Point. — Gilliland.
1 777 — ^being the King's Birthday the Town (Montreal)
was illuminated. — Hodden.
1796 Capt. Nath'l Douglass of Chazy, and Lucy Con
verse were married. They moved to Isle la Motte,
Vt,, but, in 1 81 1, emigrated to the township of
Sherrington, Canada, where Douglass had taken up
a tract the year before, felled trees, buUt a hut, and
now, was to become a first settler. His father,
Nathaniel, Sr., and his brothers, James and Jonathan,
soon joining him from Chazy, the settlement was
caUed Douglassville, In 181 2, Capt, Douglass was
appointed by the British government, captain of
militia and held the office till his death,
1804 Birth in Granville, Washington county, N. Y.,
of J. Douglass Woodward, son of WUHam Woodward,
a captain in the Revolution with Washington at
VaUey Forge. At the early age of nine, dependent
upon his own energies for success, he came to Platts
burgh to attend the old Academy. There, he
attracted the attention of Reuben H. Walworth,
who could well appreciate the efforts of the studious
lad to make the most of his opportunities. In the
law office of Judge John Lynde and afterwards,
through life the untiring energy and industry of the
man was displayed and his pure life and practical
efforts in behalf of Plattsburgh (especially in the
lajdng out and improvement of streets) should not be
forgotten. From his son and daughter, WUHam
and Helen streets were named.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 165
1808 Casper Otto with his family, refugees from Ham
burg, arrived at Baltimore in the last ship saUing
from Toningen and reaching the United States before
the famous Embargo Act went into operation. This
ship was the Perseverance, Fisher, master, of Martha's
Vineyard. Caspar Otto had been a prosperous mer
chant, but when Napoleon's army, 18,000 strong,
tmder Davoust, was quartered upon the peaceful
citizens and the Bank of Hamburg seized, only
financial disaster could come to the Otto family and
they determined to emigrate to America.
— Life of Bishop Hopkins.
1812 Horace Bucklin Sawyer of Burlington entered
the navy of the United States as a midshipman and
was at once ordered to the Eagle (Lieut. Sidney
Smith), which cruised in company with the Growler
(saiHng master Jairus Loomis) protecting American
interests on Lake Champlain.
JUNE 5
1690 At sunrise the next morning the Algonquins and
Abenakis attacked the returning party, killing two
and wounding ten, which was much regretted by the
French, since those who were defeated and taken
were " our most faithful aUies," among them the
Great Mohawk. — Paris Documents, Colonial History.
THE DEAD BRAVE.
Bow and arrows by his side,
Soft and tawny panther's hide.
Food for journey to the bound
Of the Happy Hunting Ground,
So they laid him in his grave,
Stern, bronze, silent Indian brave.
— James Buckham.
1765 Arrived (at Crown Point) having left the whole
of the cattle there under the care of WUHam Luckey,

i66 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
(except 4 oxen left at Ticonderoga with Martin Tay-
ler and my negro man Ireland, to haul logs to the
saw mill in lieu of 120 boards got there, and which
were rafted down to Crown Point by E. Ayres and J.
Watson), we proceeded. — Gilliland.
1777 I crossed the St. Lawrence (here near two miles
wide) and arrived at Longeiul on the opposite shore,
with the Detachment of Artillery destined for the
expedition, — Hadden.
1894 Plattsburgh PubHc Library chartered by the
Regents of the University of the State of New York.
I love vast libraries; yet there is a doubt
If one be better with them or without, —
Unless he use them wisely, and, indeed.
Knows the high art of what and how to read.
— Saxe.
JUNE 6
1760 Rogers was attacked while encamped near place
of landing by 350 French troops, sent from fort at
Isle Aux Noix under command of M. Le Force and,
after a short but severe engagement, defeated the
French who returned to Isle Aux Noix, while he
retired to Isle La Motte.
1816 On Thursday, the atmosphere at Plattsburgh
was fUled with particles of snow and it was uncom
fortable out of doors without a great-coat, while in
Vermont " the snow fell rapidly, but melted as it
feU."
1830 At her home on BeUevue (now Cumberland)
avenue, Marianne Adelaide GreUier, widow of the

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 167
late Hon. Peter Sailly, died. She was a native of
Alsace and mother of three chUdren : Eleanor Maria,
Charlotte Theresa and Frederick Louis Charles Sailly.
1848 WUHam GilHland, Jr. (bom in 1768) died at
Port GilHland, originally named Janesboro. It was
he who secured the paper giving information to the
enemy, dropped by Col, Murray during his raid,
while Col, Durand and Mr. GiUiland were interceding
for the protection of the private property of citizens.
1864 The Fouquet House, built in 181 5 by John
Louis Fouquet and then named the Macdonough
House, was bumed. At the time and subsequently,
many valuable historical reHcs were lost, among them
the original key to Fort Ticonderoga, given to the
proprietor by Gen, Nathaniel Lyon. This far-famed
hostelry was of wood, painted white, its swinging
sign, on one side adorned with a portrait (painted
by a Mr. Stevens, a local artist) of the owner's close
friend, the Commodore; on the other, a picture of a
ship. From its high pillared verandas, Scott, Wool,
Bonneville, Worth, Magruder, " Stonewall " Jackson,
Hooker, Kearney, Ricketts and other army officers
had looked out across the bay where Macdonough
had vanquished the British Lion. Gen. Scott was
an annual visitor and two children of Capt. Magruder
(afterward a confederate general), while their-father
was in command at the Barracks, in charge of their
colored " mammy " had good times in the beautiful
garden with the little Fouquets.
1865 The new Fouquet House was opened to the
pubHc.

1 68 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
JUNE 7
New skies and blue skies — cheer heart! another day
Lights on the changing world. Up! strive! whilst strive thou
may. — James Buckham.
1763 BurHngton and Colchester each received its
charter. The former township was originaUy 36
square miles, measuring 10 miles in a right Hne along
the Winooski river and 6 miles from north to south
on the eastern boundary. Among the grantees of
Colchester there were ten by the name of BurHng
and it is supposed that the name BurHngton was
given by mistake to the adjoining town on the south.
1765 We proceeded from Crown Point to WiUsboro,
the boards having overtaken us that morning at
Crown Point, — Gilliland.
1775 Allen wrote to congress: " I would lay my life
on it, that with fifteen hundred men I could take
Montreal,"
1777 Sunday we proceeded to St. Johns, 18 miles,
by the road on which Gen'l Gordon was kiUed.
— Hadden.
1860 At " Rock Point," a large Gothic stone buUding,
designed for a boys' school and seminary, was com
pleted and consecrated.

Early in June, 1809, there was great excitement in
BurHngton and other towns on the lakeshore for
was not the boat that since last year, the brothers
Winans had been a-building under the " Oak Tree "
at the foot of King street and which had been launched
sideways into the water, about to make her first
trip? John Winans, her captain, had been on board

Three Centuries in Champlain ValLEy 169
the Clermont when she made her first trip and had
been deeply interested.
The first Vermont resembled little her namesake
of 1909. She was built without guards, with flush
decks and no pilot house, being steered by a tiller.
Only a smokestack showed above the deck for her
second-hand, 20 horse-power horizontal engine,
bought in Albany, was below. The Vermont was
larger than the Clermont. Her length was 120 feet
with one room about 25x18 feet, fitted with berths
and serving also as a dining room. But she was the
first vessel propelled by steam on Lake Champlain

the first steamboat.

and the second in the whole world and as such was
a wonder. Her round trip from WhitehaU to St.
Johns consumed about a week and her appearance
was eagerly awaited in the quiet settlements along
the shore. In October, 181 5 the first Vermont had her last
break-down near Ash Island and her owners Messrs,
James and John Winans took out her engine and
boilers and sold them to the Lake Champlain Steam
boat Company, During the war of 181 2 the Vermont
had done good service in the transportation of govern
ment stores and troops. Her captain, John Winans,
Hved afterwards at 'Ticonderoga but was buried at
Poughkeepsie.

J70 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
JUNE 8
1763 MUton, Vt., was chartered and contained 27,616
acres.
1765 WUHam GilHland and his colony reached the
Boquet after a laborious and perilous journey of
thirty days from New York.
1777 As morning dawned on Montreal the roU of
drums and clamor of bugles roused the sleeping
inhabitants and called together Burgoyne's army,
consisting of 3,724 British, 3,016 German soldiers of
the Hne, 473 artillery men and 250 Canadians, ready
to embark on the expedition to Fort Ticonderoga.
1789 The first marriage in Plattsburgh, that of Peter
SaiUy and Marianne Adelaide Grielle, a native of
Alsace who had been a friend and companion of the
first Mrs. SaiUy, was performed by Theodorus Piatt,
J-P- CUPID'S BOWER.
Am I in fairyland? or tell me, pray.
To what love-lighted bower I've found my way?
Such luckless wight was never more beguiled
In woodland maze, or closely tangled wild.
— Lucretia Maria Davidson.
(Written in her fifteenth year.)
1801 Death of Sarah Mott, daughter of Edward and
Sarah (Kinne) Mott and wife of Jonas Morgan.
JUNE 9
1760 Rogers, after the severe engagement on the 6th,
having retired to Isle La Motte, landed at the mouth
of the Great Chazy river, passed arotmd Isle Aux
Noix, attacked and destroyed a small stockade fort

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 171
below St, John's and returned to the lake with
twenty-five prisoners,
1765 Robert Mclane and Elialdm Ayres arrived at
the river Boquet with the raft of boards, having been
assisted by Moses Dickson, tailor, who joined us the
7th instant, at Crown Point, at 40s per mo, and to be
found. Proceeded in company with Robert Mclane
immediately to the falls, who having carefully viewed
their situation, gave it as his opinion, that several
miUs might be erected there with much ease and
smaU expense — ^which opinion was afterwards found
to be well founded. We then returned to the river's
mouth well satisfied, and having thrown out our
fishing seine, we hauled in 60 large fish, being mostly
masquenonge, bass and pickerel, — Gilliland.
1789 CHnton County govemment organized, Mel
ancton L, Woolsey administered the oath of office
to Judge Charles Piatt, who in turn " swore in "
Mr, Woolsey as County Clerk,
1816 There was a heavy fall of snow and sleighing was
good from " the city " (Saxe's Landing) to the five
Nations (East Chazy), Seth Graves came out with
his big covered sleigh, drawn by four horses, and with
Rev. Mr, Byington, Deacon Wells, Deacon Ransom
and others, reined up to Francis Chantonette's Inn,
in grand style." — Old Chazy.
1898 Died suddenly, at her home on Court street,
Augusta (Wood) Cady, a charter member of Saranac
Chapter, D, A, R, and descendant of Jonathan Wood
of Massachusetts, the patriot who marched from Box-
ford at the Lexington alarm in Capt. William Perley's
company. Col, James Frye's regiment and served
subsequently under the same command.

172 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
DEATH.
Strange, how we think of Death,
The angel beloved of God,
With his face like an asphodel flower.
And his feet with nepenthe shod;
Strange, how we turn and flee
When he comes by the sunset way.
Out of the Valley of Rest,
Down through the purpling day :
— Buckham.
1905 Dr. George F, Bixby, editor and owner of the
Plattsburgh Republican, laid aside his pen. Since
his first connection (May 24, 1873) with that his
toric paper, he had proved himself a worthy successor
of a line of able writers, maintaining always a reputa
tion for reliability, the Historical Department es
pecially furnishing invaluable records of Champlain
VaUey history, Dr, Bixby was particularly interested
in everything pertaining to the welfare of the Valley
and its early history, spending years in studying and
ably defending the claims of Crown Point as the site
of Champlain's first battle with the Iroquois. Bixby's
Grotto, Ausable Chasm, bears his name,
JUNE 10
1765 — proceeded with the goods towards the Falls,
and landed them in Camp Island, Wages commenced
this day for all, except William Luckey and Martin
Taylor, whose wages commenced at the time of
their separation from us on their respective employ
ments, — Gilliland.
1767 J, Watson set out again for Ticonderoga, where
he met me, and returned to Willsborough, the 15th,
with stores, &c. — Idem.
1775 Jonathan Lynde of Westfield, Mass,, enHsted
in the Continental Army — the first of three separate

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 173
enHstments, He married MolHe Franklin, a niece
of Doctor FrankHn and removed to WUlsboro where
he died. His son John Lynde, bom in 1788, Hved
in Plattsburgh, was admitted to the bar in 181 2 and
made first judge of the county in 1827, holding the
office untU his death in 1831. The Lynde home
stead was next to that of Judge Charles Piatt on
Broad street (now No. 14).
1777 Received orders to embark except the above
1200 under the command of brigadier-general Frazier,
who had not then taken command of the advanced
corps but was expected hourly. — Lieut. Digby's Journal.
1784 Mr. SaiUy arrived at Albany after a side trip
into the Mohawk vaUey.
1810 A " quarterly meeting ' ' was held at ' ' Burdick's ' '
pa-obably at Beekmantown, near the stone church.
1878 Grading begun on Dannemora railroad.

JUNE 11
1765 — cleared a road to the faUs from our encamp
ment. — Gilliland.
1766 — put aU my stores and embarked on board of
Wm. Stoughton's schooner, and having a fair wind
arrived this evening at Ticonderoga landing. — Idem.
1776 In SaHsbury, Conn,, was born PoUy, eldest
daughter of Joseph and Phebe Ketchum, Her mar
riage to Nathan AveriU, Jr,, another pioneer from
Connecticut, resulted in a family of six sons and
three daughters. Inheriting the strongest New Eng-

174 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
land traits developed by pioneer life in Champlain
Valley, " Aunt Polly " became a marked character.
For her, soldiers replaced the planks on the upper
bridge over the Saranac as the enemy approached,
that she and her children might cross. She was one
of the original members of the KeesevUle Baptist
church founded in 1791 and, at the time of her death
in 1862, lived in the old house under the big wiUows
that was removed to make room for the present
Baptist church of Plattsburgh,
1777 Gen 'Is Burgoyne and Reidesel (came to St, John's).
— Hadden.
1784 Mr. Sailly met " Mr. GilHland who owns land
on Lake Champlain " and they talked over the iron
business in which Mr. Sailly had been engaged in
France and its prospects in the Champlain VaUey.
1798 At the court house was held the last meeting of
the proprietors of the town of Burlington at which
time were chosen: Gideon Ormsby, chairman; Wm.
C. Harrington, clerk; Zacheus Peaslee (who had been
one of the young men who had attempted to pay
their respects to Prince Edward five years before)
treasurer; and Stephen Pearl, from whom Pearl
street takes its name, coUector.
1814 A Hght brigade, under command of Gen. Smith,
Forsyth's regiment of riflemen and two companies
of artillery, were encamped near the mouth of Dead
Creek.
1818 John Palmer appointed District Attorney. He
was a native of Hoosick but after his admission to
the bar, removed in 181 o to Plattsburgh, to which his
fellow-townsman, Reuben H. Walworth had come the
preceding year. The two formed a partnership which

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 175
continued until 1820. Mr. Palmer married Charlotte,
the youngest daughter of Hon. Peter Sailly. They
were the parents of the Hon. Peter Sailly Palmer,
whose years of labor spent on the history of Lake
Champlain, should not be forgotten.
1867 In BurHngton, was bumed the old " Howard
House," on the comer of Main and St. Paul streets,
present site of Van Ness House.
JUNE 12
1765 WUl. GiUUand and his men continued clearing
a road to the falls.
1766 — embarked the next day on board the sloop
Musquenunge, and in a passage of if hours arrived
at Crown Point. — Gilliland.
1777 Carlton had come to St. John's to bid his old
comrades in arms a god-speed while Burgoyne,
Riedesel, Acland, Eraser, Phillips, Balcarres and
others of Hke bravery gathered with him around the
social board in joyous good-feUowship previous to
embarkation. JUNE 13
1765 — cut down logs to build a dwelling house.
— Gilliland.
1 766 Friday arrived at Crown Point, here my disorders
returning, I was confined by my room, often to bed
to Saturday. — Idem. •. ]
1777 The Standard of England was hoisted on board
the Radeau, and saluted by the rest of the Shipping
and Forts. * * * The Army was now advanced with

J 76 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
part of the Shipping to Isle ou Noix and Point a Fer.
The Barracks and Dock Yard at St. Johns were now
complete for every necessary purpose, and the Works
in a state of defense. — Hadden.
About one in the morning, his exceUency, general
Carlton, came up and immediately ordered the fleet
to get under way. * * * about 9 in the evening,
reached the shore (fort Sorrel) under the command
of brigadier general Nesbit, Heutenant colonel of
the 47th regiment. —
We found the enemy had deserted their Hnes
and about 10 o'clock the troops took post and lay
aU night on their arms, — Digby.
1813 A Battery of thirteen guns, the sole defense of
BurHngton and the U. S. army encamped there dur
ing the War of 181 2, repulsed an attack of three
British gunboats.
1908 Saturday afternoon, Saranac Chapter, D. A. R.
celebrated Flag Day by taking an Historic Drive
over the route taken by the two wings of the British
army in their approach to and retreat from Platts
burgh during the invasion of September, 1814. The
route had previously been marked by flags and aU
spots of special interest were noted and examined.

JUNE 14
1760 Brigadier Murray saUed from Quebec with a
veteran army of 2,450 men who had conquered under
Wolfe, to co-operate with Amherst and HavUand.
1765 — cut down logs to buUd a dwelHng house.
—Gilliland.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 177
1775 Wm, Hay engages 100 acres of land to the south
ward of his present lot, Nathan Nichols engages
300 acres for himself to the southward and adjoining
to Wm, Hay's land. Also engages all the land between
the farms of Henry Cross and John Byantum. Henry
Cross engages 100 acres of land for himself to the
southward of his present lot; Wm. Gilliland reserves
for his daughter 200 acres of land to the southward
of Henry Cooper's lot. John Byantum has engaged
200 acres at Monty's Chantier. — Idem.
1801 Benedict Arnold, the traitor, died in London.
1815 Catherine Green, widow of Caleb Green, died
in Peru. She was a native of Bermuda. They came
as early settlers from Nine Partners with their sons
Henry, Rodman, John, James, and daughters, Hannah
and Mary. The first married Robert Cochran and
lived south of Salmon River; the other became the
wife of Daniel Jackson, Sr, Their son, Daniel Jack
son, Jr., was the author of " Alonzo and Melissa,"
1894 Near Fredenburgh Falls, workmen found a
skeleton, supposed from its location to be that of
Count de Fredenburgh from whom the Falls received
its name, De Fredenburgh, coming here during the
Revolution to look after his property, mysteriously
disappeared while his house and mill were destroyed
by fire, JUNE 15
1765 Operations had by this time been commenced
by Wm, GUlUand's colony for opening a road to the
faUs (of the Bouquet), ground had been cleared, logs
cut and the erection of a house, 44 feet by 22 feet,
begun. This, the first dwelling buUt by civilized

178 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
man between Crown Point and the Hne of Canada,
was occupied by Burgoyne's troops at the time of
the invasion,
1777 The Loyal Convert, Washington and Lee Cutter
took out their Guns and were laden with Artillery,
Stores and Provisions, it being known the Enemy
had no Fleet sufficient to oppose us; — This day
Gen'ls Burgoyne & Reidesil set off for the Army.
— Hadden.
1837 Governor-General, Lord Gosford, because of the
assembly at St, Ours, issued a proclamation against
seditious meetings and ordered magistrates and
militia officers to prevent them from being held or
disperse them when held,
1838 The date of the completion by contract of the
Cumberland Head lighthouse, built by Peter Com-
stock according to his bid of $3,325, The old build
ing was separated from the dweUing and stood nearer
the shore. The first keeper of the new Hght was
" Deacon " Samuel Emery whose posey-loving house
keeper tumed the government grounds into one
vast flower garden.

JUNE 16
1646 Departure of Father Jogues and his party from
Oneugiowre (Caughnawaga) the first castle of the
Mohawks, whither they had gone after their visit
to Fort Orange. Presents had been exchanged and
the French had received every assurance of future
welcome.
1776 — ^this day John McElrea, Israel Dibble and
Martin Dudley arrived at WiUsborough, the former

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 179
commenced this day week at ;^i8 p ann., and the 2
latter this day at 45s p mo. — Gilliland
1777 Burgoyne's army encamped on Cumberland
Head and his fleet was anchored in the bay.
Here a scene of indescribable sublimity burst upon us.
Before us lay the waters of Lake Champlain, a sheet of un
ruffled glass, stretching away some ninety miles to the south,
¦widening and straitening as rocks and cliffs projected in the
most fantastic shapes into its channel. On each side is a thick
and uninhabited wilderness, now rising up into mountains, now
falling into glens, while a noble background is presented toward
the east by the Green Mountains, whose summits appear even
to pierce the clouds. On the west mountains still more gigantic
in loftiness, pride and dignity. I cannot by any powers of lan
guage do justice to such a scene.
— R. G. Gleig, a member of Gen. Eraser's staff.
1785 The legal birthday of Plattsburgh when the
first town meeting was held at the house of Judge
Charles Piatt, brother of Judge Zephaniah Piatt.
The first officers then elected were Charles Piatt,
supervisor, and Zaccheus Newcomb, Nathaniel Piatt
Rogers, commissioners of highways, who very soon
laid out several public highways which remain the
principal roads to this day.
Zepha Piatt Graham " assisted Squire FreHgh
fiU up Deeds for land sold."
1909 Workmen, employed in excavating an under
ground room at the north end of the West Barracks
at Fort Ticonderoga, uncovered one of the old gar
rison weUs. This one, rectangular in shape, fifteen
feet deep and cut in soHd rock, was fed by roof
drainage and the inlets and outlets are intact.

l8o Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
JUNE 17
1775 Birth of Jonathan Griffin, who settled in Platts
burgh where, in May, 1802, with Silas HubbeU he
was admitted to the Clinton county bar. His home
(now 17 Broad street), became the home of his
daughter, Deha A. and her husband, Hiram Wal
worth, Sr. At the siege of Plattsburgh, both his
store and dwelHng house were bumed by hot shot
from the forts. He was prominent in town affairs
until his death July 25, 1841.
1776 At St. Johns the retreating Americans, after
burning the fortifications, embarked for Isle aux
Noix, the last man to leave being Arnold who, with
the enemy already in sight, shot his horse in the
head and pushed off.
1784 Mr. SaUly at noon reached Fort George and
sending back their wagon, prepared to embark.

1785 Zepha Piatt Graham "ran " a number of lots
which had been sold (Nos, i, 78, 79),
1814 The troops at Dead Creek advanced as far as
Chazy,
1862 In Virginia, occurred the death of Capt. Darius
A. Parsons of the 96th N. Y. V. He was a lawyer
by profession and left a widow (who survived until
August, 1909) and two young children. His parents
were Capt. David R. and LiUis M. (Mason) Parsons
of Beekmantown; his grand-parents, David Parsons,
pioneer from Long Island and Aaron Mason, an
early settler at West Plattsburgh, The remains of
Capt. Parsons were the first brought to the home

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley l8l
town and his funeral is said by an eye-witness, to
have been the largest within memory.
1890 Hotel Champlain formaUy opened.
1909 On Monday, the Bennington battle monument
was first lighted by electricity. Previous to this
the use of lanterns was necessary in making the
ascent, JUNE 18
1609 Champlain left Quebec on board a pinnace
accompanied by a small party of followers, and
ascended the St. Lawrence as far as the mouth of
the Richelieu, passed up that stream to the foot
of the rapids near Chambly. During the winter he
had learned from some Indians who had visited his
encampment, that they intended an inroad into
the country of their enemy in the course of the
approaching summer and he had determined to
accompany them, and by that means, not only
explore a river and large lake through which the
war party would pass, but by his powerful assistance
strengthen the friendship which then existed between
French and the neighboring Indians. At Chambly
a war party of sixty Algonquins and Hurons joined
him, and commenced preparations for the incursion,
— Palm-er's History.
1776 At Isle aux Noix, their last foothold in Canada,
were gathered 8,ooo officers and men, " the renmant
of as fine an army as ever marched into Canada."
Crowded together, half the number sick with small
pox, their only food, raw pork, often rancid, un
bolted flour and for drinking water only the unwhole
some water from the lake, they spent eight days of
misery.

1 82 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1777 The head of the column of Burgoyne's army
reached the left bank of Bouquet, having performed
the march of ninety miles in ten days,
Wednesday, We proceeded to the River LaCole,
9 miles, — Hadden.
1784 Sunday, Mr. Sailly caught two flsh of fiine flavor
caUed by the English "blackfish." He also visited
the ruins of Fort William Henry seeing only the
remains of the old ramparts of earth covered with
wild cherry trees, the fruit smaller and more tart
than those at home and some " very smaU birds
resembhng in every particular the Httle thrush of
France."
1785 Zepha Piatt Graham " helpt Raise the flews of
the Grist MiU."
1812 Charles Theodorus Piatt, son of Judge Theodorus
Piatt, was appointed a midshipman, U. S. N, and
in accordance with the general orders of this date
the 8th Regiment, New York Detached MUitia was
raised in the counties of Clinton and Essex for the
service of the United States, The 8th was commanded
by Lieut. Col, Thos, MiUer of Plattsburgh, Staff
officers : Melancton Smith of Plattsburgh, ist Major;
Ransom Noble, of Essex, 2d Major; Levi Piatt of
Plattsburgh, Adjutant ; Richard S, Mooers, of Platts
burgh, Quartermaster; John Palmer of Plattsburgh,
Paymaster; Benjamin J, Mooers, of Plattsburgh,
Surgeon; Henry Waterhouse, of Plattsburgh, Sur
geon's Mate; Frederick Halsey, of Plattsburgh,
Chaplain; Jeremiah Graves, of Plattsburgh, Sergeant
Major,
1845 At Crown Point died Judith Livingston, wife
of AUen Breed, who settled there in 1808 or 1809.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 183
She was the mother of nine chUdren, Allen, Lucena,
Foster, MeHnda, Charlotte, Tryphena, William,
Amanda, and Benjamin, Her father, Isaac Living
ston, a Revolutionary soldier of N, H,, died at Crown
Pouit. JUNE 19
1776 The days (at Isle Aux Noix) were intensely hot
with heavy dews at night and a camp disorder broke
out, from which from 20 to 60 in a regiment succumbed
each day.
1777 Early this morning we sailed with a very fair
wind, passed Point au Fer where a Post of 4 Com
panies was again established for a Depot, (9 Miles)
we passed Isle au Mot, and I made a sketch of a
Range of Mountains, seen from that part of the Lake.
We also passed the Army encamped on Cummerland
head; passed Valcour Island, Point au Sable, Schuy
ler's Island and some other small Islands called the
four Brothers, and in the afternoon came to an
anchor at Bouquet Ferry where the Elite of the
Army under Brig'r Gen'l Frazer had taken post.
— Hadden.
1785 Zepha Piatt Graham spent " mapping and
Dividing Cumberland head,"
1789 Plattsburgh — began at a stake marked on the
E, & S, sides standing by a butnut stump in the
south Hne of Charles Platts' land. Busy surveying
till July 4, 1789. — Captain Piatt Roger's field notes.
1818 Companies of the Sixth regiment of U, S, regu
lars, stationed at Plattsburgh Barracks, detached
to work on Fort Montgomery at Island Point, a
smaU sand island between Rouse's Point and Pro
vince Point.

184 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
JUNE 20
1776 " At noon, Thtirsday, they began to move the
sick to Crown Point in shallow boats, hastily con
structed in the spring and now leaky and without
awnings. This weary suffering journey from Isle aux
Noix to Crown Point occupied five days and nights."
A portion of the troops crossed the site of the present
town of Champlain, fording its stream. Among the
troops was a drummer boy of seventeen, PHny
Moore, who, attracted by the advantages of the
location, resolved, when peace should be restored,
to settle there, which plan he was later able to carry
out, becoming the first American pioneer and set
tler of Champlain.
1777 Gen'l Burgoyne came up in the Maria, This
day I visited a detached post of the Hght infantry,
two Miles up the River at Galinels (GiUiland's) Farm,
this is situate at the foot of a small Water FaU, where
a great number of small Salmon were caught. The
River is not above 150 yards wide, the Troops at
this and the main post of this Corps on the edge
of the Lake, were encamped on separate sides of
the Bouquet River. I did not learn from what
cause this upper Post was taken, but the mouth of
this River is sometimes called Bouquet Ferry, pos
sibly the above Farm may have communication with
the Country & a Ferry across the Lake has been
formerly kept here. The soil tho. sandy seems fer
tile. It may not be improper to remark that there
are but few settlements on the Lake (not 20) and
those only single Houses. — Hadden.
Burgoyne had summoned the Indians tribes to
meet him at the falls of the Bouquet. They obeyed
his caU in numbers that startled his humanity and
appalled his judgment. — he assembled the chiefs

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 185
in a redoubt, which he caused to be constructed
about half a mile below the mansion of GiUiland.
There Burgojme addressed them, and claimed their
services to the British king. — Watson's Champlain
Valley.
1785 Zepha Piatt Graham " made a New Map of
Cumberland head."
1909 Sunday night, aU the wooden parts of the half-
century-old stone Hne store between Mooers and
Hemingford was burned, with the stock of goods.

JUNE 21
1759 Amherst reached the head of Lake George with
an army of 6,000 men, where he remained a month
waiting for the remainder of the troops to come up,
1 766 — left Crown Point and the wind being favorable
arrived the evening of this day, pretty late at George
Belten's, where we staid all night. Whilst at Crown
Point I accidentaUy met with Wm. Lucky, who I
had taken on my warrant for debt and brought him
prisoner to Willsborough (Robt. McAuley, constable) ,
when after reflecting how much he was in my power
he agreed to serve me for the amount of his debt
and commenced in my employ on the — June, 1766,
at 45s per mo, or £2^ per annum being — days after
I arrived here. — Gilliland.
1777 The Gun Boats joined the rest of the Fleet at
Split Rock (6 mUes). — Hadden.
1859 Abram MiUer, a Ruling Elder of the First Presby
terian church, where a memorial window perpetuates

i86 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
his memory, entered the church triumphant. He
was a son of Sylvanus S. and Fanny (Miller) MiUer,
pioneers in 1806 from East Hampton, L. I. They
chose a farm on the State road, three miles from the
present city of Plattsburgh, in preference to the
" Boynton farm " which was offered them, because
the latter had only a log house and some of the land
was under water. Besides, the future business center
seemed likely to be Cumberland Head.
JUNE 22
1766 Sunday, proceeded on our journey, and arrived
in MiUtown in Willsboro. Miss EHza GUHland my
spouse being the first lady of our famUy that landed
in Willsborough, — about i o'clock this day, I WiUiam
Gilliland, with my wife, Mrs. EHza GiUiland, my
mother Mrs. Jane Gilliland, my sister Miss Charity
Gilliland, my brother, Mr. James GillUand, my
daughter, Miss Eliza GUliland, my niece Miss EHza
Hamilton, my servant girl Rachel McFardin, and
my negro man Ireland, aU arrived at MiUtown, in
Willsborough, with 2 Bateau loads of stores, having
left New York with 22 wagon loads of stores, furni
ture, &c,, on the 28th of April last, — Gilliland.
1776 Melancton Smith was appointed captain com
mandant of three companies of militia raised in
Dutchess county and Westchester, and the next
year was placed on commission to " prevent and
subdue insurrections and dissatisfaction in those
cotmties," the same year being appointed the first
sheriff of Dutchess county, holding the office four
years,
1785 On Monday, the frame of the saw-miU planned
by twelve of the associates was raised on the west

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 187
side of the Saranac and as the last pin was driven
home, CorneHus Haight, one of the workmen, pro
claimed the miU " the glory of the Saranac,"
See that majestic river wind its way.
Mingling its waters in yon noble bay!
— Margaret M. Davidson.

JUNE 23
1760 Maj. Rogers reached Crown Point with 25
prisoners.
1766 • — from this time I continued in an indifferent
state of health, sometimes better, sometimes worse
to Aug. — , Employed my hands, some making a
fence round the garden, some going to Crown Point
for prova, some enclosing a yard in front of the house,
one 'tother side of the trough, making a bum proof,
&c,, &c, — Gilliland.
1777 The Fleet wrapt up to Otter Creek (3 mUes) on
the Westem shore of the Lake, This Creek is here
about 100 y'ds wide, and runs up the Country more
than a hundred and fifty Miles toward New England.
— Hadden.
1785 Tuesday, Zepha Piatt Graham " draw'd for the
Township of Plattsburgh and Point O'Rush."
1891 Plattsburgh State Normal School held its first
commencement exercises in the M. E. church.
1909 Contract awarded for the completion of Cham
plain VaUey Hospital and announcement made of
the gift of $2,500 from Hon. W. C. and Mrs. Wither-
bee for a bed in memory of their son Gauthier; also,
the same sum from Hon. Smith M. Weed.

l88 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
JUNE 24
1762 Charlotte, Vt. was chartered and the first
attempt to settle the town was made in March, 1776
by Derick Webb who soon left to retum again for a
short time the next year. In 1784, in company with
Elijah Woolcut and others he succeeded in effecting
a permanent settlement. John McNeil, lately from
Bennington was the first town clerk and representa
tive to the Legislature. In 1790 he located on the
lakeshore and established " McNeil's ferry " from
that point to Essex.
1775 Arnold resigned his commission and Col. Hinman
with a thousand men took possession of Ti.
1776 A scouting party, composed chiefly of Indians
fell upon a small party of the 6th Penn. reg't whUe
" fishing and diverting themselves " and kUled and
scalped four while six were taken prisoners, A rescue
party from the American camp interred the bodies
of their murdered comrades at Isle aux Noix, erecting
a rude stone bearing this inscription:
" Beneath this humble sod lie Captain Adams, Lieutenant
Culbertson, and two Privates of the Sixth Pennsylvania Regi
ment. Not hirelings but Patriots. They fell not in battle but
unarmed. They were basely murdered and inhumanly scalped
by the barbarous emissaries of the once just, but now aban
doned — ^kingdom of Britain.' "
1777 Tuesday, a large detachment of Savages and
Rangers (i.e., British Marksmen) were sent up Otter
Creek to bring in Forage. The Fleet proceeded to
Crown Point (about 20 mUes) where we came to an
Anchor. — Hadden.
1814 Lieut.-Col. Forsyth with 70 of his rifiemen
penetrated Canada as far as Odletown where he was

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 189
attacked by a detachment of 250 British light troops.
He returned to Champlain with the loss of one killed
and five wounded, A few days later he was ordered
forward again for the same purpose when, as his
men retreated closely pursued by 150 Canadians
and Indians, he was shot down by an Indian. For
syth's riflemen instantly fired upon the enemy who
now retreated leaving 17 dead upon the field.
1908 In BurHngton, died Miss Sarah C. Hagar, who
had faithfuUy and ably performed the duties of
librarian in its Public Library since her appointment
in 1885.
1909 Hotel Fort WUHam Henry at CaldweU on Lake
George was completely destroyed by fire at three
o'clock in the morning on this — ^the day scheduled
for its formal opening. The loss will reach half a
miUion. JUNE 25
1777 Gen'l Frazer came up with his Brigade and,
encamp'd at Crown Point, — Hadden.
1785 The saw-miU erected on the West bank of the
Saranac, between what is now Durkee street and the
river, was leased to Jonas Allen as soon as finished.
It was 32x40 feet. The forge was put in charge of
Joseph Ketchum, the ore being brought from a
place about two and a half miles north of Port Henry.
1808 The revenue cutter was stolen from under the
eyes of the govemment officers who were guarding
WindmUl Point. Judge Hicks, deputy of Champlain,
was waylaid while in the performance of his duties
and told to prepare for death. A large bateau called

190 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
the Black Snake with a crew of desperate men
engaged in smuggHng, gave a great deal of trouble.
1809 " A quarterly meeting pro tempore " was held
at Plattsburgh at Townsend Addams'.
1849 At the Phoenix Hotel in Plattsburgh, a White
haU and Plattsburgh railroad meeting was held, of
which WUHam Sv/etland was chairman, and Ahaz
Hayes, of Ausable, secretary. Benjamin Ketchum,
Col. McNiel, and others discussed the question and
a committee was appointed to correspond with
other town committees to the southward. All hope
of a bridge across to Grand Isle and BurHngton had
been given up and eyes were now tumed in the
direction of WhitehaU.

JUNE 26
1777 Gen'ls Burgoyne, PhiUips and Reidesel came up
with the army. * * * Thursday — upon the arrival of
the rest of the Army Gen'l Frazer 's Corps moved
towards Tyconderoga and landing at Putnam Creek,
7 miles higher up on the Westem side were joined
by the Savages &c., who went up Otter Creek and
made this Tour under Captain Frazer. — Hadden.
1812 You will proceed with the military stores and
articles direct to Whitehall on Lake Champlain,
from whence you wiU transport them, together with
the cannon baU belonging to the State, lying at
Whitehall, to Plattsburgh and Essex arsenals. If
an immediate conveyance by water cannot be ob
tained, you will proceed by land with the articles for
Plattsburgh through Vermont to BurHngton, and
from thence send for Gun Boats and other vessels
from Plattsburgh, or employ them at BurHngton,
to transport the articles to Plattsburgh, and from

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 191
the proper point on Vermont shore send across
those for Elizabethtown, Essex county.
Orders of Gov. Tompkins from Albany, to Maj.
John MiUs, Washington county.

JUNE 27
1777 Americans held Crown Point (old French Fort
Frederick) until Burgoyne with 7,000 troops invested
it, when the Americans abandoned it and retired to
Ticonderoga. At Crown Point the invading army
remained eight days enjoying the evening parties
given by the Baroness Reidesel, Lady Harriet
Achland and other ladies, who accompanied the
army.
1814 Smith's brigade, fourteen hundred strong, oc
cupied Champlain while Col. Pierce of the 13th was
at Chazy with 800 men and about 1,200 men oc
cupied the works at Cumberland Head at Dead
Creek. Macdonough's fleet lay at anchor in King's
Bay whUe the British held LaCoUe with a force of
3,600 and had strong garrisons at Isle aux Noix and
St. Johns and forces at L'Acadie and Chambly.
JUNE 28
Oh say not the wide world is lonely and dreary!
Oh say not that life is a wilderness waste!
There's ever some comfort in store for the weary.
And there's ever some hope for the sorrowful heart.
— Lucretia Maria Davidson.
(Written in her sixteenth year.)
1815 At White HaU on Lake Champlain the sloops
President, Montgomery, Preble, Chub, Finch, and
ten gun boats, also, the boats, cutters, etc., belonging
to the squadron on said lake offered by Geo. Beale,

192 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Jun. at PubHc Sale by the authority of the Honorable,
the Secretary of the Navy.
1825 General Lafayette and his suite, having par
ticipated on the 17th inst. in the celebration at
Boston of the battle of Bunker HiU, entered the
State of Vermont at Windsor where he was met by
the Governor's staff, and welcomed by addresses
and enthusiastic Revolutionary soldiers of the section.
At Windsor, Woodstock, Royalton, Randolph, Mont-
pelier, and Burlington large crowds assembled to do
him honor.
1896 The first car of the Plattsburgh troUey system
passed over the Hne to Bluff Point.
1909 Hotel Champlain opened for the season.
JUNE 29
Oh June! how resplendent thy flowers shall appear.
The loveliest, the sweetest which bloom in the year:
— Margaret Davidson.
1812 Capt. Sanford of Wilmington, then Jay, was
selected " as an officer of approved merit and capac
ity " to command a company in the 8th regiment,
detached mUitia, which served six months on the
Canadian frontier at Chateaugay and French MiUs.
1825 . In the afternoon the corner stone of South Col
lege of the University of Vermont, was laid by
General LaFayette, and in the evening a brilliant
reception was given in honor of the General by Gov.
Van Ness at his home on Main street, then considered
the most elegant private residence in BurHngton.
The place is now known as " Grass Mount," a name
bestowed by Mr, Heman AUen during his ownership.

FROM PORTRAIT BY TRUMBULL NOW IN CAPITOL AT ALBANY
JUDGE JONAS PLATT
1769-1834

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 193
It was originally built by Capt. Thaddeus Tuttle,
a prominent merchant in 1804. In 1895 the Uni
versity purchased the property, and it has since been
used as a girls' dormitory.

JUNE 30
" How beautiful is Nature!" Every soul.
Beating with warm and gentle feeling,
Must repeat with me these heartfelt words,
" How beautiful is Nature!" — Margaret Davidson.
1769 Jonas Piatt, second son of Judge Zephaniah
Piatt and Mary VanWyck, was bom in Poughkeepsie.
His preparatory studies were taken at a French
Academy in Montreal and his legal training was
under Richard Varick of New York. Soon after his
admission to the bar, in 1790, he married Helen
Livingston, the youngest daughter of his feUow-
townsman Henry Livingston, The active life of
Judge Piatt was spent in the Mohawk vaUey where
he held many high offices, including that of Judge
of the Supreme Court, He was also General of
Cavalry in the State mihtia. After the loss of his
judicial position through the amended provisions of
the State Constitution, he opened a law office with
his oldest sun, Zephaniah, at Utica, In three or
four years, he returned to the practice of his pro
fession in New York but advancing years led him to
retire in 1829, to his farm in Peru, seven miles from
Plattsburgh, where he spent his remaining days,
1777 B, Gen'l Frazer 's Brigade moved forward and
disembarked on a point of Land on the Westem
Shore Three MUes from Tyconderoga from which
circumstance 'tis caUed Three Mile Point. The Army
Received Provisions to the 8th July inclusive. G. O.

194 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
The Army embarks tomorrow, to approach the
Enemy. — Hadden.
1794 Francis Culver, Jr. was bom. On the day of the
British advance, the Culver family were at home.
Gen. Wool feU back to Culver hill and the enemy
foUowed closely. On the brow of the hill Col. WeUing-
ton was killed and his remains hastily buried on the
side hill on the Culver farm. Partridge of the Essex
county mihtia was killed just south of their bam.
In 1 815, the year after the battle, the present house
was built and October 10, his wedding day, Francis
Jr. received from his father the large family Bible.
1873 Plattsburgh's town clock struck the hours for
the first time. It was manufactured by Howard &
Company of Boston, and paid for by subscriptions
varying from $100, (Messrs. Loring ElHs, A. WUHams,
S. F. Vilas, S. P. Bowen, and E. S. Winslow con
tributing that amount) to smaUer subscriptions
ranging from $25 to $2.00.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 195

JULY 1
July and August are almost windless months. You must
listen closely for your pneumatic news-bringer then, save when
stormbreeding heats goad him to fury. He has little news now,
save to whisper across your open casement that all is well with
the fruitbearing earth. — James Buckham.
1609 On the first we reached St, Croix, 15 leagues
from, Quebec, with a shaUop equipped with all I
needed. — Samuel Champlain.
Brouage, abt. 1567 — Quebec, Dec, 25, 1635.
1758 Engagement at South Bay between Capt, Israel
Putnam with only 68 men and 300 to 400 French
and Indians before which superior force Putnam was
obHged to retreat, — Journal of Rufus Putnam.
John de Rogers, only son of Eunice WiUiams,
was kUled in this campaign,
1781 J. Sherwood writes from Dutchman's Farm to
Capt, Matthews with reference to the location and
erection of the Block House (afterwards known as
the Loyal Block House). He states that there are
with him " 23 men including old men. Boys, and
unincorporated Loyalists." — Canadian Archives.
1784 Judge Zephaniah Piatt started from Pough
keepsie and went to Plattsburgh,
Oh! dear pleasant home, must I bid you adieu.
And all the loved objects so dear to my heart ?
— Mrs. Margaret {Miller) Davidson.
1848 ChanceUor Walworth closed his judicial labors,
leaving, of aU the numerous cases argued before hiin
and submitted to him for decision, but eight undecided,
" Never perhaps, were so many decisions made where so
few were inaccurate as to facts, or erroneous as to law. If it was

196 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
destined that the Court of Chancery should fall under a reform
which apparently designs to obliterate the history as weU as the
legal systems of the past, it is a consolation to reflect that it fell
without imputation on its purity or usefulness, and that no court
was ever under the guidance of a judge purer in character or more
gifted in talent than the last Chancellor of New York."
— Prof. Dane of Harvard.
1890 Incorporation of Plattsburgh Land Company
and shortly afterwards the laying out of streets
named Palmer, Lynde and Stetson, thus preserving
the names of three old and aUied famihes.
1904 Ray Brook State Hospital for the Treatment of
Incipient Pulmonary Tuberculosis opened.
JULY 2
1609 I left these rapids of the Iroquois River. All
the savages began to carry their canoes, arms and
baggage by land about half a league, in order to get
by the swiftness and force of the rapids. — Then they
put them all in the water. — Champlain.
1749 Arrival at Fort St. Frederic of Prof, Peter Kalm,
the Swedish traveUer, who had recently had a narrow
escape from a band of Indians, The French com
mandant, M, Lusignan, received him cordiaUy and
Kalm had a chance to examine the fort and the com
fortable homes of retired soldiers, which had sprung
up around it. He found the vegetation withered or
greatly retarded in growth by a severe drouth, as
no rain had faUen since spring,
1758 I went on a guard to escort Teams to the Lake, —
— Rufus Putnam.
Sutton, Mass., 1738 — ^Marietta, Ohio, 1824,
The same day, Francis Culver, Sr., was bom in
Connecticut. He bought a farm of 400 acres, includ
ing the present Culver hiU. The first homestead

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 197
stood some rods south of the present structure on
the brow of the hiU, for which the stone was already
hauled at the time of the British invasion.
1777 Burg05me with his troops reached the top of a
ridge two miles west of the fort and caUed it Mount
Hope, because he hoped to capture CariUon soon.
At Crown Point, "for something more than a week "
the greater part of the army enjoyed social enter
tainments and evening parties given by the Baroness
Riedesel, Lady Harriet Ackland and others in their
marquees,
1813 Far from his own family, Capt. John Schenck,
aged 29, died in his country's service and was buried
on Cumberland Head. He, no doubt, belonged to
the troops stationed at the fortification, which Gen.
Woolsey, Major Addams, and other military exempts
helped to throw up.
1906 The comer-stone of the City Hospital (name
afterwards changed to Champlain Valley Hospital)
was laid by Hon. Francis Ljmde Stetson and Mrs.
S. B. Watkins with appropriate ceremonies. Hon.
J. B. RUey presided.
1909 Burning, in the early morning, of the Ruis-
seaumont at Lake Placid, the twenty-five guests
escaping with difficulty. At 9 o'clock, the cavalry
troops from Fort Ethan Allen, at WiUsboro broke
camp and marched 10 miles to KeeseviUe where they
had dinner, reaching Plattsburgh late in the after
noon. JULY 3
1609 I left St. Croix — with all the savages, and we
passed Trois Rivieres, which is a very beautiful
country, covered with a great many beautiful trees.
— Champlain.

198 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1756 Rogers the Ranger arrived at South Bay.
1776 The troops which had marched to Point au Fer,
now fortified by order of General Sullivan, arrived
at Crown Point with the baggage from Isle aux Noix,
Gen. Gates at once commenced the building of his
fleet, whUe the settlers of Addison worked with zeal
in getting out timber and other material,
1777 — During the day they kUled a few of our men,
and some balls went through our tents, their ground
commanding ours, — Digby.
On the same day Phoebe Moore, daughter of
Capt. Samuel and Rachel (Landon) Moore of SaHs
bury, Conn., was married to Joseph Ketchum of
Oblong, Dutchess county. They Hved at Red Hook
or Nine Partners and afterwards at Plattsburgh
(Pem),
1798 Dear Father: — I arrived here about a fortnight ago and
found all friends well. We brought on all our things. We began
at Peru last week, and have made a small beginning. I find
laborers are not to be had for either love or money. We have
made our head-quarters at Roberts, and his wife cooks and
washes for us. Brother Pitt let me have a cow which supplies us
with milk and butter. The transportation of our things took all
the money I had, and it is impossible to get any here. I can't
find anybody to chop by the job for less than five dollars per acre,
and I have not agreed with any yet.
I remain your ever dutiful son, Robert Piatt.
1813 Date of following entry in War Journal of
Eleazer WilHams, commanding Secret Corps of
Observation, for which service he received from the
United States $10,000 but which, through lack of
financial ability, he would have lost, had it not been
" for the friendly exertions of ChanceUor Kent, Gov,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 199
Taylor, the Hon, Nathan WilHams, and Morris S,
MiUer, of Utica,"
"Plattsburgh, — A heavy cannonading is heard from the
north about 10 o'clock this morning, Lieut. Sidney Smith,
with two armed schooners (the Growler and Eagle) , went yester
day to the lines — ^he is undoubtedly attacked."

JULY 4
1609 The next day we entered the lake, which is of
great extent, perhaps 50 or 60 leagues long. There
I saw four beautiful islands (Isle la Motte, Long
Island, Grand Isle, and Valcour) which formerly had
been inhabited by savages, — Champlain.
The lake is calm, the sun is low.
The whippoorwill is chaunting slow,
:{; :f: ^ 4: 4: 4: :ic
But hark! approaching paddles break
The stillness of that azure lake!
— Margaret Miller Davidson.
1756 Rogers and his fifty men in five whale boats
passed by Ticonderoga and Crown Point undis
covered and concealed their boats about ten miles
distant from the latter place.
1777 Burgoyne with cannon chained to the rocks and
troops in readiness on the summit of Sugar Loaf
changes the name to Mount Defiance,
1789 Rained the night past and the fore noon. After
noon sat out and began surveying again. Rainy,
put up and built a hut. 5 rained till 10 o'clock and
then set out and continued our course.
— Piatt Rogers' field notes.
1826 In the Presbyterian church, Chazy, in celebra
tion of Independence Day, the Declaration of Inde-

200 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
pendence was read by Bela Edgerton, a brother of
FiUmon. Bela Edgerton was Member of Assembly
in 1827, '28 and '29,

wj

HON. BELA EDGERTON
1788-1874

1873 In Green Mount Cemetery, Burlington, was
unveiled the spirited statue of Ethan AUen, the
leader of the Green Moimtain Boys, The statue,
eight feet in height, modeUed by Peter Stephenson
and cut in Carrara, Italy, is mounted on a Tuscan
shaft forty-two feet high and overlooks a view of
mountains and river-valley tmsurpassed,
1895 Tablet, placed by Saranac Chapter, D. A. R.
upon the Gen. Benj, Mooers house, unveUed with
appropriate exercises.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 201
1906 Black Watch Memorial Tablet, in memory of the
bravery of that famous highland regiment in 1758,
unveiled in Black Watch Memorial Library at Ticon
deroga by Major D, L, Wilson Farquarson of Scot
land, senior major of the regiment, and a detach
ment ot the 5th Royal Scots of Montreal,
1907 At Champlain, N, Y,, was unveiled the only
monument in the United States in honor of the great
French explorer and discoverer of the lake which
bears his name — Champlain.
1909 Sunday, throughout the Champlain VaUey was
celebrated with appropriate religious services the
Tercentenary of the discovery of this incomparable
lake. At the First Presbyterian church, Plattsburgh,
the pioneer church of Northem New York, Saranac
Chapter, D, A, R,, and visiting daughters, with the
Nathan Beman Society, C, A. R., attended the ser
vice in a body. The pastor, the Rev, John Bailey
KeUy, preached from the text Psalm 90:16 on the
subject " Three Centuries of Divine Providence in
Champlain Valley, ' ' Bishop Nelson of Albany deHvered
the sermon at Trinity Episcopal church, the first
church of that faith in this region; while, at Cliff
Haven, under the blue canopy of heaven, in a " forest
cathedral " Pontifical High Mass was celebrated,
His Eminence, Cardinal Gibbons, honoring the
occasion by his presence. The altar with its fur
nishings, was built entirely of white birch against
a backgroimd of native cedars. On Isle La Motte,
also, High Mass was celebrated in the open air chapel,
erected at the shrine of St. Anne, built 1666. Thus,
with prayer and thanksgiving on a beautiful Sabbath
day, was inaugurated the tercentenary celebration.
In the evening, Govemor and Mrs. Hughes
arrived at Hotel Champlain from their camp at
Saranac Inn in anticipation of Monday's celebration.

202 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
JULY 5
1758 Abercrombie with his whole army reached Sab
bath-day Point, and landed there to rest and refresh.
1777 St, Clair evacuates Carillon and retreats to
Mount Independence, pursued by Burgoyne to
Skeenesborough. Daniel Wright from Gilsum, N. H.,
who settled in Westport between 1791 and 1798 was
in this fleeing army and Maj. Asa Douglas, Jr.,
brother of Nathaniel and Capt. John who were
pioneers of Chazy, was obliged to flee from his farm
at Canaan, N. Y., where he raised large numbers of
horses, and, on the aproach of Burgoyne's army,
secreted himself in the forest for several weeks as a
reward had been offered for his apprehension.
1815 The Rev. Nathaniel Hewitt, D.D,, a graduate
of Yale in 1808 and licensed by the New London
Congregational Association in September, 181 1, was
ordained pastor of the first Presb)rterian Church by
the Presbytery of Champlain, During his pastorate
of two years the house of worship whose foundations
were laid under Pastor Weeks in 181 2, was finished
and dedicated,
" No man in our country did more to brand indelibly with
stigma of merited disgrace the traffic in ardent spirits and their use
as a beverage, than Nathaniel Hewitt, the Apostle of Temperance."
1909 Crown Point was the principal place of interest.
Here guarded by the ramparts stand
The walls which in their pride
The summer's heat, the winds that beat —
A century have defied;
Now silence falls upon these walls
Where Amherst's forces centered
From which they went on capture bent
When Canada they entered. — Mrs. Palmer.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 203
Gov. and Mrs. Hughes with the Governor's
military secretary, were taken on the yacht Valcour
belonging to Hon. Joseph Sibley, from Bluflf Point
to Port Henry. Here, the party with the speakers
of the day and members of the commission were
entertained at luncheon by Hon. W. C, Witherbee.
Later, the party crossed to the Point where crowds
awaited the opening of the exercises.
The noontide heat around us beat
As on the sands we moored our fleet.
The scorching sands rose up to meet
And drown our weary feet.

As we advance out darts the lance
From wary thorn-plum trees
Which stout woodbine did over-twine
And hide beneath her leaves; — Mrs. Palmer.
Hon, Seth Low of New York was the principal
speaker, foUowing the incisive opening address of
the Govemor, Judge A, C, Barnes of Chicago, a
native of Chimney Point opposite, weU fitted by his
knowledge of local history and legal training, made
an able defence of Crown Point as the probable site
of Champlain's first battle with the Iroquois, The
Indian Pageant was here first enacted in the Valley.
MeanwhUe, at Plattsburgh Fraternal Day was cele
brated by a parade in which Labor organizations
and Granges were a feature, the latter, representing
by a display of farming implements in historical
sequence and floats the agricultural interests of the
VaUey from the days of the pioneer to the present.
" The enduring lesson of such a gathering as this is that the
plough g^ves a securer title to the land than the rifle. ' '
— Hon. Seth Low, Brooklyn, N. Y. 1850,
in address at Crown Point,

204 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
In the evening President Taft and party arrived
at Bluff Point station where they were met by Col,
Cowles and other officers of the Fifth U, S, Infantry
and visiting regiments. Troop H of the Fifteenth
U, S. Cavalry acted as escort to the President and
the British and French Ambassadors, At the hotel
the guests gave the President a most cordial reception,
after which he was entertained at dinner on the house
boat of Hon. W. C, Witherbee, where the President's
son and daughter with their cousins, were the guests
of Mrs, Witherbee and the younger members of that
family, JULY 6
1734 A grant was made to Sieur de La Perriere, an
officer stationed at the castle of Quebec and after
wards govemor of Montreal, of one league above
and one below the River Ouinouski (Winooski),
1758 At a little cove (Howe's Landing), Gen, Aber
crombie landed from his flotilla of batteaux, rafts
and boats his army of 9,000 provincial troops and
7,000 British veterans. As the van guard pushed
through the dense woods they encountered the van
of the French army, Hke themselves uncertain as
to the way. Near Trout Brook, Putnam said to
Lord Howe who was leading his 1,500 veterans,
" Keep back, keep back, my lord, you are the idol
and soul of the army, and my life is worth but Httle,"
" Putnam " answered Howe, " your life is as dear
to you as mine is to me, I am determined to go."
At the first fire, Howe feU with another officer and
several privates while Stark, Putnam, and Rogers
with their rangers fought Indian fashion. Soon,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

205

with spirit broken, after great loss, with their beloved
leader dead, the army marched back to their place
of landing to bivouac untU the next day.

LORD HOWE

1777 At the first dawn of light, 3 deserters came in
and informed that the enemy were retreating the
other side of mount Independent. — Digby.
1789 Took our things and returned to the Lake at
Esq. McCauley's where we tarried tiU the 13, then
set out for Lake George, log'd at betsburgh. — Piatt Rogers.

1806 The birthday of Anson H. Allen of Palatine,
N. Y. He was known as " The Old Settler " and
located in Essex county where he became a printer
and pubHsher. He pubhshed in turn the KeeseviUe

206 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Herald, the Essex County Times at Westport and, at
KeeseviUe he started The Old Settler which gave
him his sobriquet. In 1840, while traveUing through
the wilds of Keene, engaged in takkig the census, he
had encountered a she bear with her cubs. After a
hard fight, often recounted by him, he succeeded in
kilUng the mother, which event was later recorded
by a local poet in a humorous poem ending :
Let old men talk of courage bold.
Of battles fought in days of old.
Ten times as bad, but none I ween.
Can match a bear fight up in Keene,
1875 At 12.20 a. m., the steamer Champlain, on her
passage from Ticonderoga to Rouses Point, ran
ashore on the mountains about three mUes north
of Westport and became a total wreck. There was
no loss of Hfe, baggage or freight. The same day in
Burlington the Fletcher Free Library was first
opened to the pubhc with 9,000 volumes all catalogued.
TICONDEROGA
These ragged, crumbling walls.
O'er which the sunset falls —
How strange and far away they seem:
Landmarks from history's page.
Ghosts of a bygone age,
Phantoms of half forgotten dream.
Here stood that daring band —
Brave sons of freedom's land —
In great Jehovah's name and might.
Here Allen, stem as fate.
Towered by the postern-gate.
His unsheathed sword-blade gleaming bright,
— Buckham.
1909 At Ticonderoga where fell, one hundred and
fifty-one years ago this day, brave Lord Howe of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 207
cherished memory, the principal celebration took
place. The Presidential party were received at the
" Pavilion," the old PeU mansion on the lake shore,
and at the Fort were shown the West Barracks,
lately restored through the munificence of Col,
Robert M, Thompson, father of Mrs. Stephen H. P.
Pell. Addresses were made on the great plain below
the fort by Governors Hughes and Prouty, followed
by President Taft, The historical address was by
HamUton W, Mabie, JULY 7
1734 Sieur Contrecour, Jr., ensign of Infantry, re
ceived a grant for a tract of land " beginning at the
mouth of the Riviere Aux Loutres (Otter Creek),"
which grant extended " two leagues in front by
three in depth, together with so much of said river
as is found included therein with three islets which
are in front of said concession and depend thereon."
1756 In the morning Capt. Rogers, out on a scout
with 50 men and 5 whale boats (for 2,000 French
had been employed all the season in building the
fort afterwards caUed Carillon), secreted his party
on the east side of the lake about 25 miles north of
Crown Point, They had drawn their boats over the
mountain and passed Ticonderoga in the night.
WhUe lying there Rogers counted 30 boats passing
towards Canada.
1758 In the morning Abercrombie added to the de
pression of his troops by withdrawing the whole
army to the protection of the works at the landing.
At noon Col. Bradstreet advanced to the French
sawmUls at the lower faUs which the French had
abandoned. In the meantime the French toiled aU
day directed by Dupont Le Roy, a distinguished

2o8 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
engineer, in constructing a parapet and an abattis.
By evening the French were made glad by the arrival
of 400 veterans.
1761 Richard, son of John and EHzabeth Jackson
(Titus) Keese, formerly of Flushing, L, I,, was bom
at Nine Partners, With his father and brothers,
Richard located at the " Union " in Peru, where he
married Anna Hallock.only daughter of Peter and
Anna (Green) HaUock, Her husband, having died
at Nine Partners before 1793, Mrs, HaUock Hved with
her daughter until her death in 1832, three days
previous to her hundredth birthday,
1777 After marching 4 or 5 miles we came up with
above 2,000 of the enemy strongly posted on the
top of a high hill, with breast works before them,
and great trees cut across to prevent our approach;
but they had no effect on the ardor always shewn
by British troops, — Digby.
1909 Wednesday, Tercentenary week, interest centered
at Plattsburg, Here, President Taft with representa
tives of France, Great Britain and Canada, the
states of Vermont and New York and other distin
guished guests, after a reception at CHff Haven and
luncheon at the home of Hon, Smith M, Weed, pro
ceeded to Plattsburgh Barracks, There, the presi
dential salute of twenty-one guns announced the
arrival of the Nation's Ruler, With the blue of lake,
mountains and sky for a backgroimd, from a review
ing stand, holding thousands, the President viewed
the marching columns of the " boys in blue " of the
regular army, the Governor General's Foot Guards
of Canada in scarlet, the picturesque Highlanders,
companies of our State National Guard in khaki,
veterans of '61, organizations, civic and fraternal,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 209
with floats and pageants, the whole commanded by
Col, C. D. Cowles.
After the parade, Hon. H. W. Knapp introduced
the speakers, of whom Grov. Hughes was the first,
foUowed by President Taft, Ambassadors Jusserand
and Bryce, Postmaster General Lemieux and Senator
Root. The latter gave an able address on " The
Iroquois and the Struggle for America." Hon.
Daniel W. Cady of New York read an original poem.
FoUowing the speaking, the President reviewed
the assembled troops in a brigade parade and the
Presidential party returned to Hotel Champlain,
where, in the evening, a banquet was served to
five hundred guests of the Govemor and New York
State Commission. In the meantime, at the mouth
of the Saranac, the performance of the Indian pageant
and fireworks closed the eventful day.
JULY 8
1756 " Two Hghters, manned with twelve men and
loaded with wheat, flour, rice, wine and brandy for
the French forts, were captured and sunk, and four
of the men kiUed " by Rogers and his men.
1758 De Levis, who had been recalled by Vaudreuil
from an expedition undertaken against the Mohawk
valley, arrived at Ticonderoga at five o'clock in the
morning, accompanied by De Senezergues, destined
to die with Montcalm on the plains of Abraham.
At about the same hour at the EngHsh camp three
or four hundred Mohawks arrived.
The attack began soon after noon and the con-
ffict raged aU that long hot July aftemoon. Regi
ment after regiment was ordered forward until the
crystal waters of Lake Horicon were red with blood.
At last the hardy veterans, panic-stricken, fled in

2IO Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
confusion, their retreat being covered by the pro
vincials. — And the timid moon looked down with a smile
On the blood-stained battle ground.
And the groans of the wounded rose up the while
With a sad heart-rending sound. —
— Lucretia Maria Davidson.
1777 From Skeenesboro the Hne of Burgoyne's inarch
formed a circle comprehending Castleton, Bennington
and Mt. Pittsford.
1818 In St. Paul's church. New York city, near the
monument erected to his memory by order of Con
gress, Jan. 25, 1776, were deposited the remains of
Major-General Richard Montgomery. Col, Richard
Piatt, nephew of the Plattsburgh pioneer brothers,
in whose arms the revered Montgomery is said to
have expired, was the venerable marshal on that
day,
1873 Tuesday, dedication of the First Presbyterian
church at Plattsburgh, The structure commenced
in the fall of '67, is built in early EngHsh pointed
Gothic style, of dark blue native Hmestone laid in
courses of rough ashler with trimmings of grey
hammered limestone. The interior finish is black
ash. The chapel which has been in use since October,
1869, is entered from Marion street, recently laid
out by Weed & Mooers and named in honor of the
latter's wife,
1909 BurHngton celebrated the coming of Champlain.
President Taft was escorted by the First Regiment
of Vermont National Guards to the stand in front
of City Hall, where Bishop Hall of the Episcopal
diocese of Vermont offered the invocation. Ad
dresses of welcome from Govemor Prouty and Mayor

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 211
Btu-ke were responded to by Governor Hughes,
Ambassadors Jusserand and Bryce. President Taft,
the last speaker, emphasized the fact that " the
gathering here in amity, in peace and in a union
that cannot be torn apart of three great powers,
England, France and the United States, and with
England, her first daughter, the Dominion of Can
ada " was a feature unequaUed in the annals of the
world. The mUitary parade was reviewed from another
grand stand across the square, after which the Presi
dent witnessed the exhibition of the Indian pageants.
A direct descendant of Httle Eunice Williams, the
Deerfield captive, caUed by her father's parishioners,
" the Lost Child of Zion," was with the Iroquois
Indians of Caughnawaga, participating in the
pageant. A drive about the city was taken by the President
and party, previous to the dinner, commemorative
of the occasion, given at the University gymnasium,
which closed the President's visit to the " Queen
City." He returned to Washington on the evening
train. JULY 9
1691 Major Peter Schuyler wrote in his Journal: —
"Came Gerrard Luykasse and Herman Vedder with
two Mohawks, from a party of 80 Mohawks at a Lake
right over Saraghtoga, who went by the way of Lake
St. Sackraman and promised to meet us in six days
at Chinandroga." * * " — Lieut. (Abraham Schuy
ler) went out with 50 men and finished Canoesjenough
for the Christians."
1758 Early in the morning the British troops embarked
and by evening reached their old camp at the southern

212 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
end of Lake George, while the wounded were
conveyed to Fort Edward and Albany, to which the
ammunition and artiUery were also sent.
— We reached a charming spot
To other mortals known as Isle La Motte,
But we, who gaily sailed o'er smiling seas
Deemed it the land of the Hesperides.

Can you not see the shining beach that ran
Along the peaceful lake to Fort St. Anne?
The steep ascent? — the path across the hill
Beneath the trees? — ^The spreading oak tree
Is all that's left of that which used to be
Except the grass grown mounds of Fort St. Anne
Where once were wooden wall and barbican. — Mrs. Palmer.
1909 At Isle La Motte the celebration was brought
to a fitting close by religious and patriotic services.
Regular troops visited the island for the first time and
at the Shrine of St, Anne, near the spot where first, in
1665, religious services were held, solemn high mass
was celebrated by Bishop Burke of Albany with sixty
members of the clergy in attendance, the priests of
the diocese singing a plain chant mass and the Rev.
P. J. Barrett of St, Mary's Cathedral, BurHngton,
preaching the sermon.
The Hterary exercises were opened with prayer
offered by the Rev, John M, Thomas, D,D,, president
of Middlebury CoUege. Senator Henry W. HiU of
Buffalo, a native of Isle La Motte,the first speaker, was
foUowed by Gov, Prouty, Lieut, d'Azy (representing
the repubhc of France), Gov, Hughes and "Vermont's
peerless orator," Judge WendaU P, Stafford, now of
Washington, D, C, who, as orator of the day, held
3,000 people enthralled while he eloquently told the
story of the three centuries in the vaUey since Cham-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 213
plain, " brave, able, ambitious, devoted, grasping for
king and church, at the best the new world had to
offer," first saw this lovely island.
At the close of the ceremonies at the shrine the
entire assemblage, headed by the band and escorted
by Company M, First Vermont Infantry and two
troops of the Fifteenth U. S. cavalry, marched to the
crest of the hill where the boulder, in memory of Seth
Warner and Remember Baker, the gift of the Patri
otic Societies of Vermont Women, was to be dedicated,
Mrs. Edward Curtis Smith of St. Albans presided and
the St. Albans Choral Union rendered " To Thee, O
Country" and " Star Spangled Banner" in which all
joined. The address of welcome was delivered by
Mrs, F. Stewart Stranahan, State Regent of the Ver
mont Colonial Dames and the presentation to the
State, made by Mrs. Clayton N, North of Shoreham,
State| Regent of the Daughters of the American
Revolution, The tablet on the face of the boulder
was unveiled by Miss Dorothea Smith, daughter of
ex-Gov, and Mrs. Edward Curtis Smith, and Harry
Hill, son of Senator and Mrs. Hill of Buffalo, In behalf
of the State, Gov, Prouty accepted the monument and
Dr, Thomas made the dedicatory address.
In memory of the first white men who founded Christian
homes upon this fair island, and in this ancient pathway of war
sought to establish homes of peace, and in honor of Seth Warner
and Remember Baker, intrejMd heroes of the Green Mountains,
lovers of liberty for their children, for whose freedom they gave
their lives, who encamped while on perilous service for their
country, and in commemoration of General Montgomery and his
intrepid army, we place this boulder as a token of our gratitude
for their mighty deeds and our veneration for their self-annulling
devotion. — Dr. Thomas.
Mrs. Elvira Sarah (Warner) Parker of St. Johns,
P Q., great granddaughter of Seth Warner laid a
laurel wreath upon the monument.

214 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
JULY 10
Pray that God may keep, and in due time deliver us.
Letter of Ebenezer and Abiah Hill, captives in Quebec,
1705 to their relatives in Wells.
1712 Lieut, Samuel Williams, then twenty-three years
old, a son of Rev. John WiUiams, left Deerfield for
Canada with French prisoners to effect an exchange
of captives. He reached Boston in September with
nine New England captives, but his Httle sister Eunice
was not among them,
1758 At daybreak De Levis, foUowing the track of
Abercrombie, found only " vestiges of a stricken and
routed army; the wounded and supplies abandoned,
and clothing scattered through the woods."
1765 — Our four carpenters began to cut and square
timber for the miU, the other hands being employed
cutting wood for coal, clearing land, &c. AU the cattle
having been brought safe from Crown Point some time
ago, by four of our people, who having swam them
across the lake at Crown Point, drove them through
the woods on the east side to the cloven foot, from
thence we ferried them to the cloven rock in a scow,
hired from New England men, and drove them from
thence through the woods to MiUtown, having now
given that name to the land at the falls. — Gilliland.
1813 I have information from the Deputy Quarter
Master, at Albany, that Gen, Wade Hampton is to
assume the command of the Northern Army, Strange
that the govemment should appoint southern men to
such responsible stations at the north. Gen, Mooers
ought to have this appointment, Montreal would be
in his possession in a month. He is a brave, judicious,
and pmdent officer, and, withal, extremely popular
with his fellow-citizens. They would follow him with
the greatest cheerfulness. — Journal of Eleazer Williams.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 215
1846 A grand railroad convention held in Malone, at
which 1,000 delegates were present. Stock was sub
scribed freely, fifty thousand dollars worth of which
was taken in Plattsburgh.
1909 Saturday, at Rouses Point, the week's festivities
ended with sports on the lake. Champlain's ship
" Don de Dieu " which had accompanied the Indian
Pageants from Ticonderoga to each place of celebra
tion, was anchored in the harbor. Motor boat races
and canoe races, including a war canoe race with four
competing teams, were run over a course poHced by
the torpedo boat Manley and two navy launches.
The evening was illuminated by fireworks.
JULY 11
1691 Major Schuyler with a party of " our Christians,"
having " sett out from Albany " in June on an expe
dition into Canada, and been " joyned " by 60
River Indians and 15 " Mohawkes, " had by June
28th, reached the last "carrying place." Here, they
encamped and constructed canoes while scouts and
parties were sent out to secure allies and provisions.
Major Schuyler writes in his Journal: —
" In the morning they (" 22 Christians and 4. Indians '
sent for food) returned from the carrying place with the bread
and of 77ilb sent me by Mr. Livingstone, I received no more than
800 bisketts their canoe being oversett, and all their pease wett."
1710 Capt. James Plaisted and his wife Mary (Rish-
worth) Plaisted, who had been carried captive (with
three children by a former husband) to Canada in
February, 1692, but redeemed in 1695, deed ^^<i to
gether in York (Me.). Her children were never re
deemed. The baby boy was killed by the savages on
the march, and the sisters died, the one, a Sister of
the Congregation ; the other, Madame de L'Estage of
Berthier and Montreal,

2i6 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1784 A survey of i,ooo acres of land to be given to the
first ten settlers, was commenced. These settlers
were :— Charles Piatt, Thomes AUen, Jabez Pettit,
Kinner Newcomb, Jonathan Sexton, John B, Hart-
wick, Darick Webb, Cyrenus Newcomb, Moses Soper,
Jacob Ferris, nearly all of whom were soldiers of the
Revolution,
1833 Dr, Beaumont, at Plattsburgh, recorded the third
of his fourth series of Gastric Experiments and Ex
aminations of the stomach on St. Martin. He says : —
" 6 o'clock, A.M. Weather cloudy. Wind N.E. Th. 65
deg. Stomach empty and clean. Temperature 100 deg. before
rising. 8 o'clock, 30 mins. Weather clear and dry. Wind S.,
brisk. Temperatureof stomach IOI deg. after exercise. 90'clock
30 mins., P.M. Weather hazy. Wind S.W., light. Th, 75 deg.
Temperature loi."
1908 Tag Day was observed in Plattsburgh for the
Humane Society and the sum of $489,39 was raised.

JULY 12
1691 This day returned the Messengers I had sent to
bring back the Indians runn away, having found none
I sent 21 Men to the carrying place for more pro
visions, — Major Peter Schuyler.
1758 Arrival at Ticonderoga of the younger VaudreuU
with 3,000 Canadians.
1759 Beginning of the siege of Quebec,
1812 Eight companies of the Vermont militia under
Col. WUHams are quartered in the new barracks, east
of the" green " at Swanton. The barracks are buUt
in the form of a crescent with a parade ground at the
north-west.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 217
1821 Arrival at Detroit, just one year and one day
from the date of their first arrival, of the deputation
from the Six Nations, with Mr, Williams at their head.
They had been sent to effect a purchase of land from
the Menominies and Wimiebagoes for the Oneidas
and others contemplating settlement in the West,
which transaction was the following month brought
about by treaty,
1833 Report of Experiment IV: Fourth Series: —
" 6 o'clock, A.M. Weather clear. Wind W., brisk, Th.
70 deg. Stomach empty. Temperature looj- deg, after going
out into the open air. 9 o'clock, P.M. Weather clear. Wind
W., light. Th. 76 deg. Temperature loif deg. Stomach
empty." — William Beaumont, M.D., Surgeon in the U. S. Army.
JULY 13
1691 I sent 5 Indians with 4. Christians downe to the
faUs to look out. — Schuyler's Journal.
1758 Six hundred Indians arrived to aid Montcalm,
A few days later Rogers and Putnam with their com
mands were surprised by Marin and his Indians and
Putnam and a few others were cut off from the main
body. The men were slain and Putnam captured.
In what was afterwards the town of Crown Point, the
brave ranger was tied to an oak tree while his savage
captor amused himself by hurling his tomahawk as
near the head of his victim as possible, without strik
ing the mark. Saranac chapter possesses a goodly
piece of bark from this very tree with the marks of
the tomahawk plainly visible. Later, Marin himself
released the unhappy Putnam when tied to the stake
with the crackling frames already rising about him.
That same autumn Putnam's exchange was effected.
1759 The cannonading of the opposite armies at
Quebec continued.

2i8 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

JULY 14
1691 Being accompanied with only seven Indians we
removed to the falls distant i6 miles & there en
camped. — Schuyler.
1705 EHzabeth Casse (Corse) (captured with her uncle
Deacon Thomas French and his children, Mary,
Thomes, Freedom, Martha and Abigail, at Deerfield),
was baptised by Father Merial and adopted by Pierre
Le Roi of St. Lambert, whose wife was one of her
sponsers. She grew up with the Le Roi or Roi
chUdren.
1759 The sisters of the UrsuHne convent sought safety
in their cellar from the terrific cannonading, while
above their heads shot and shell riddled their cherished
retreat.
1766 — sent my men to the meadows to make hay
which they accomplished agst. — Gilliland.
Oh, the longing of nature bom.
To brush the dew and to breath the mom,
To plunge the lips in some gliding brook.
And lie full length in a sunny nook: — Buckham.
1784 The survey of the outHnes of Plattsburgh Old
Patent was commenced and immediately afterward
the outline of Cumberland Head was surveyed.
1789 Proceed to Ticonderogue. — Piatt Rogers.
1832 Elizabeth, second wife of Dr. John Miller, died
at her home at the head of Broad street. His wives
were sisters, two of the five daughters of Isaac Smith
and his wife, Margaret Piatt, of Dutchess county.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 219
Another sister, Phebe, married Dr. Bumet Miller and
became the mother of Margaret Miller who married
Dr. OHver Davidson, the latter couple, the parents of
Lucretia, Levi P., Matthias and Margaret Davidson.
During the British invasion, the family of Dr. MiUer
was in Dutchess county with relatives. Their home
was damaged by shot, barrels and casks in the ceUar
being burst open and a cannon ball finding lodgement
in the chimney on the first floor,
1873 At BurHngton, the Fletcher Free Library was
foimded by Mrs, Mary L, Fletcher and her daughter,
Miss Mary M, Fletcher, In 1876 they generously
added $6,000 to their first gift.

JULY 15
1691 " The last company that were sent for provisions
returned with looolb of bread, and towards evening
came also Lieut, Abraham Schuyler with some Indians
which made up our number of Indians 62."
— Schuyler.
1759 (O. S,) AU the UrsuHnes, except eight who had
obtained permission to remain in charge, fled to the
convent attached to the General Hospital which, for
tunately, was beyond the range of besieging guns. It
was the refuge of hundreds from the mins of the
Lower Town and the nuns were kept busy day and
night, nursing sick and wounded,
1 789 " Had our Battoo hall'd acrost and went up Lake
George about 8 miles," — Piatt Rogers.
1796 Bu-th of Mary, daughter of Wm, Pitt and Hannah
(Kent) Piatt, on Cumberland Head,

220 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1816 An Academy for advanced pupils was completed
at the northwest comer of CoUege and Willard streets,
BurHngton, and is now the site of the present Gram
mar School,
1887 The new Stevens House, Lake Placid, capable of
accomodating 350 guests, was opened to the pubhc,
just two months after the first structure had been
leveled to the ground by an Adirondack cyclone.
1898 A meeting was caUed by Saranac Chapter,
D, A, R. and a Patriotic ReHef Association formed,
of the officers of which, two were chosen from the
Chapter and two from outside — all working harmoni
ously, assisted by individuals, who worked for both
organizations, JULY 16
1691 Being Thursday, we moved from the faUs about
noon and pitched our tents in the narrows of the
drowned lands 12 miles distant. Three of our Canoes
being broken, I sent 3 Christians & one Indian to the
end of the Lake St. Sackraman where our Mohawks
are making Canoes to acquaint them that I wiU meet
them at Chinanderoga. — Schuyler.
1789 Set out in order to mark a road to the Screwn
(Schroon) Lake, to which Lake we arrived the 20
Morning. — Piatt Rogers.
Answer, soul of mine — ^which way
Hast thou made a road to-day?
Hast thou followed Love's sure chain
Over hill and over plain? — James Buckham.
1846 Leah (Webb) Smith, wife of AUen Smith, Revolu
tionary soldier and pioneer, died at her home on the

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 221
Beekmantown road. The Webbs came to this
country about 1 700 and settled in the Mohawk vaUey.
After peace was declared they went to Long Island.
The Smith and Webb families came to Plattsburgh
together, AUen Smith locating opposite the McCreedys
the lands of both being heavily wooded with fine
maple trees. Little dreaming that a ledge of Hmestone
lay under their land, the McCreedys drew the stone
for their home from a distance. Only a bridle path
then led through the woods to the grist-mill on the
Saranac. The original house of the McCreedys and
the bam of Allen Smith are stUl standing. The
Smiths had six children: Rebecca, Isaac (who ac-
cupied the homestead), Harvey — (died in Beaver
Dam, Wis,), Richard, Simeon, and Augustine.
1880 The first electric Hght ever seen in Plattsburgh
was exhibited with PuUman and Hamilton's circus,
" The Planetary Constellated Conflagration of Effulgence
and Heaven-bom Splendor exceeds the full power of 240,000 gas
hghts,"
Advertisement Plattsburgh Republican.

JULY 17
1758 At Fort Edward, N. Y,, whither he had been
carried mortally wounded on the retreat of the army
from Ticonderoga, died Duncan Campbell of Inverawe
of the Black Watch, 42d Highland reg't, A brown
head stone inscribed with his name and date of death,
now marks the spot where his remains were re-interred
some years ago,
1812 The news of the declaration of the second war
between the United States and Great Britain reached
this county a month after the event. About this time
Col, Isaac Clark of the Eleventh U, S, Infantry, and a
veteran of the Revolution, arrived at BurHngton to

222 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
make the necessary preparations. He was a son-in-
law of Gov. Thomas Chittenden and was known as
" Old Rifle " among the Green Mountain Boys. For
the government he bought ten acres on a bluff over
looking the lake, the present Battery Park being a
part of the same.
1857 Until this date vast numbers of wild pigeons,
mUlions of which, since early AprU had been nesting
in the forests on the heights west of Plattsburgh
(Rand Hill and the vicinity of Danemora) continued
to be baited and taken by old pigeon catchers at
tracted from different parts of the country by news of
their location. Four companies are known to have
shipped to southern markets 150,000 dozen (1,800,000)
birds. A week later not a bird was to be seen, the
surviving immense flock, having taken a north-easterly
direction through Henryville, Canada, to the forests of
Maine, This yearly visitation occurred in the forties
and fifties, the numbers being so great as to almost
obscure the sun and miles of forest trees being bent
under the weight of the old birds and their progeny,
a single tree containing from 20 to 80 nests. Nothing
Hke it has been seen in Champlain VaUey in recent
years.
JULY 18
Patter, patter, on the ground.
Rustle, rustle in the trees;
And the beaded bushes round
Drip when shaken by the breeze, — Buckham.
1691 Rainy weather we made but one Canoe,
— Schuyler.
1757 VaudreuU, a Canadian by birth, who had served
in Canada and been govemor of Louisiana, arrived at
CariUon. — Paris Doc.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 223
1766 Mary, daughter of Col, John and Altie (Van
Wyck) Bailey of Dutchess county, was bom,
1776 This morning, just after the beating of the
reveiUe, a courier reached the camp of the Americans
who were posted on the hill, with a copy of the Decla
ration of Independence, which caused great en
thusiasm in the camp. A feu-de-joie of thirteen guns,
in honor of the thirteen Confederate States, was fired,
and the hUl named Mount Independence to com
memorate the event. Lieut, Benj. Mooers was
present at this time.
1832 The wedding day of Caroline Adriance Piatt
(youngest daughter of Hon, Isaac C, Piatt and Anne
TreadweU), and the Rev, John Diell, seaman's chap
lain at Honolulu, Sandwich Islands, The bride, a
bright, Hvely girl, was educated at the Young Ladies
Seminary of Mrs, Nancy Royce of CHnton, N. Y. The
foUowing stanzas are from a poem addressed to her
by her friend, Mrs, Davidson, on the eve of her mar
riage and departure, TO CAROLINE,
Adieu, my fair, my much loved friend,
A long, a last farewell:
May — angels on your steps attend.
And every fear dispel:
*****
When severed is each tender tie.
Which binds your heart to home.
And when beneath a foreign sky
A wanderer you roam.
May he, the friend for whose dear love
Rich blessings you forego,
A tender guardian ever prove
In happiness or woe,
1834 Birth, at Wadhams Mills, of Alonzo Alden, son of
Isaac Alden, a descendant of John Alden of the May-

224 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
flower. He attended KeesevUle Academy and gradu
ated from WiUiams in 1859, At Cold Harbor and
Fort Fisher, he gallantly led the charge of his regi
ment — 169th N, Y, — and was severely wounded in
both charges. From 1866 to 1874 Gen. Alden was
postmaster of Troy, JULY 19
No sound disturbs the stillness
Save the cataract's mellow roar, —V. B. WiUon.
1691 We broke up from Chinanderoga, advanced to
the Crowne point 20 miles distant and about one of
the clock after noone pitched and send out spyes.
— Schuyler.
1749 Prof. Kahn and his party, with ample provisions
which had been suppHed by Gov. Lusignan, saUed
away from Fort St. Frederick on the first yacht buUt
on the lake, which that year made regular trips to St.
Johns. At two points (probably Point au Fer and
Windmill Point) Kalm saw evidences of a smaU settle
ment but some distance after entering the RicheHeu
the country was inhabited without interruption.
1765 Begun to blow up rocks that were in the way of
our mill-trough, having now judged it useless to
make a dam, sufficiency of water being obtainable
without it. — Gilliland. JULY 20
The foaming waters proudly whirl.
As longing to be free. — Margaret Davidson.
1691 Haveing the winde hard at N. and rain, we con
tinued our seat and sent out 18 spyes in two Canoes
and made 3 Canoes more. — Schuyler.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 225
1789 ^ The majority of the land (on the way to Schroon)
is mountainous, hilly, rocky and rough, altho some
good vaUeys and smaU intervale. A large quantity
of very fine maple, also aU kinds of timber that's com
mon in this Country. — Piatt Rogers.
Have a brother's care and pray
God to mark thy road each day. — Bt(ckham.
JULY 21
The winds came roaring through the woods,
Adown the rock the torrent pours, —
— Mrs. Davidson.
1691 Being stormy, and the wind northerly, wee
moved not. — Schuyler.
1759 Amherst's invincible flotiUa moved in four
columns down the water with artiUeiy and more than
eleven thousand men. — Parkman.
1813 Plattsburgh, — I have heard several able dis
courses from the Rev, Mr. Weeks, on the Decrees of
God, concerning which I can not agree with him in
every respect. Gen. Mooers seems to submit to them
as in accordance with the Scriptures. Gen. Skinner,
my particular friend dissents from them. He pleads
the agency of man. He is weU versed in the Scrip
tures, i. e., he retains much in memory. Mr. Nichols,
a lawyer, is greatly opposed, he is wiUing to hear the
subject discussed. — Journal of Eleazer Williams.
JULY 22
1635 Champlain held his last councU at Quebec, invit
ing the Hurons, who had come down the river with
their customary constancy, to participate. The
burden of the Governor's address to them was that if

226 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
they would only worship the Frenchman's God, they
would flourish under his benignant protection and
have no difficulty in overcoming the Iroquois. — Winsor.
1691 Hard weather we continued our seat, Mohawques
presented me with a bundle of ninety two sticks,
meaning their number, twelve of them boys, with
the names of the principal heads: * * The River
Indians did the Hke in number 66, * * Wee then
held a CouncU of Warr, how to discover Fort Leprarie
and to take a prisoner if possible and concluded to
send out nine men. — Schuyler.
1759 The army of Amherst disembarked on the eastern
shore of Lake George, nearly opposite the former
landing place of Abercrombie,
1777 Lieut, Frazier 9 reg and lieu Scott 24 regt were
sent on a party of observation by gen Frazier to dis
cover if possible what the enemy were about on the
lake. They had 12 regulars and about 30 Indian in
canoes, * * * About 20 mUes from St, Johns
near Isle aux Noix — ^island of nuts — ^they feU in with
a party of the enemy, and, after some firing, brought
them to us prisoners, with the loss of one Indian and
a few wounded. The captain's name was Wilson,
who informed us they were very strong at Crown
Point and Ticonderoga, both places of great strength
by nature, — Digby. JULY 23
1691 Major Schuyler " sent out nine spyes vizt 3
Christians, three Mohawks and three River Indians,
who advanced from Crowne point toward Regio, 30
miles distant — ' ' These, ' 'the wind rising and blowing

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 227
hard" returned to the main body now encamped "on
shoar at the Otter KiU" and reported "fyers on the
Eastern shore, ' ' Again, spies were sent as before, ' 'but
the woods being thick saw nobody " but judged from
the number of fires that the enemy "might be a con
siderable army " where upon three canoes were sent
"to keep strickt watch" of the approach of the enemy
whUe Schuyler " resolved by the Grace of God to
withstand them, but nothing appeared that night — "
and the party "made a small Stone Fort breast high."
1759 WhUe Amherst was engaged in preparing for a
siege at Ticonderoga, De Burlemaque, the French
commander of Carillon, retired to Fort Frederick,
leaving Hebencourt with 400 men of the La Reine
regiment to hold the fort,
1765 I embarked in company with the Rev. Mr. Henry
and Mr. WUHam Jones for Canada, and arrived at
Montreal ferry, in less than 14 hours, allowing about
10 hours delay, whUe the sloops lay at anchor, and
at St, Johns.— Gilliland.
1814 The keel of the Eagle was laid at Vergennes.

JULY 24
1691 In the mommg I sent out 5 Indians by land Who
discovered a great many fires and two houses, but
found nothing but bones, the Indians being removed
from thence.—Schuyler.
1714 After nine months of disappointing negotiations,
Stoddard and his party set saU, having secured the
felease of but twenty-six captives and Eunice was
not among them.

228 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1 759 Colonel Townshend — the Lord Howe of Amherst's
army — stmck by a cannon shot in the trenches,
instantly expires,
1765 We set out in Calashes, for Quebec, — Gilliland.
1776 Delegates from 35 towns assembled at Dorset,
there agreeing " to enter into an association among
themselves for the defence of the liberties of then-
country." The Hon. Benj. Carpenter from Guilford
was a member of that convention, and later, in the
trying times succeeding, threatened by tories and
Yorkers at home. Congress abroad and His Majesty's
armies, that brave patriot with three days' provisions
on his back, on foot crossed the Green Mountains by
blazed trees to attend the legislature at Bennington.
— Thompson.
1813 Lieut, Thomas Macdonough advanced to the
rank of Master Commandant,

SUMMER RAIN.
Aslant, the driven rain incessant streams;
The thirsty meadows sigh with soft delight ;
The wind blown poplar shifts from green to white.
And white to green, as aimlessly as dreams. — Buckham.
1830 Saturday aftemoon rain began to faU and con
tinued faUing almost incessantly until the foUowing
Thursday at noon. Mill streams became raging tor
rents and swept everything before the rushing waters.
This was the time when Jacob Saxe lost his property
• at Salmon River, only the house remaining. The
whole surrounding country to the height of fifteen
feet above the ordinary level of streams was under
water.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 229

JULY 25
1691 The wind harde northerly, soe we were forced to
lye stiU all that day, — Schuyler.
1759 The French remaining in the fort at CariUon kept
up the continuous fire of the day before, while at
Quebec, (July 15, O, S,) the nuns of the UrsuHne
convent fled for safety, except the eight permitted
to remain. These staid in the cellar. The Mother
Superior was Esther Wheelwright, the New England
captive,
1816 In the old Mooers house (comer Bridge and Peru
streets) Hannah Elizabeth, daughter of Col, Benj, H,
and Margaret (MUler) Mooers, was born. Late in Hfe,
her parents pioneered west to Wisconsin where so
many of the founders of Plattsburgh of the second
generation settled. This exodus was felt throughout
the VaUey. It (education) was more than doubly needful in Vermont
which had no Church wealth or strength to begin with, and was
losing instead of gaining, by every fresh movement of the people
towards the West, — Hopkins.
1864 Ticonderoga celebrated its centennial, at which
time Joseph Cook, one of her most distinguished sons,
made his famous address, this year (1909), pubhshed
by the Ticonderoga Historical Society,
1866 Theodoras Bailey, son of Judge Wm, Bailey,
advanced to the rank of rear admiral and shpri^ly
afterwards appointed commander of Portsmouth
(N, H,) Navy Yard.
1896 Plattsburgh troUey Hne completed.
1904 At Port GiUiland, (once Janesboro') the home of
her fathers, after a long and painful illness, most

230 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
patiently home, EmUy Thurber GilHland, a memberof
Saranac Chapter, D , A, R, , entered into rest. She was a
daughter of Henry Phagan and AbigaU (Thurber)
GiUiland and great-granddaughter of the patriot,
Capt. WUHam Gilliland, the first permanent settler on
the west shore of Lake Champlam " where, in 1775,
the settlers met and elected him moderator. He
raised a company of minute men and in the disastrous
retreat from Canada he and his servants, at his ex
pense, cared for the sick and wounded soldiers and
gave a fitting burial to those who there succumbed to
the hardships of that campaign,"
The lives that make the world so sweet
Are shy, and hide like the humble flower.
We pass them by with our careless feet,
Nor dream 'tis their fragrance fills the bower,
And cheers and comforts us hour by hour. — Buckham.
JULY 26
1688 Indian warriors landed on the island of Montreal
and, having overpowered a force of 150 Canadians
and 50 Indians imprudently sent against them, de
vastated the whole settlement, kUling nearly 1,000 of
the inhabitants and carrying 1,200 of them into cap
tivity.
1691 Major Peter Schuyler arrived at the Isle la Motte
with a flotiUa of canoes and 266 men, of whom 120
were Whites and the rest Indians, Schuyler says the
fort had been " several years deserted,"
1757 The Marquis de Montcalm is gone to hold a Coun
cil with all the Nations, consisting of thirty-seven, and
on his retum has fixed the departure of the army. —
Journal of the Expedition against Fort William Henry
1759 At ten o'clock at night, deserters to the British
camp informed Amherst that the French had aban-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 231
doned the fort, but had left guns loaded and pointed
with a Hghted fuse connected with the powder
magazine. Instantly an awful explosion resounded
throughout the vaUey, announcing the blowing up of
the fort at Ticonderoga,
1783 Benjamin Mooers left Poughkeepsie in a bateau
accompanied by Francis Monty and son, Zaccheus
Peaslee, Pierre Boilan, Charles Cloutier, Antoine
Lavan, Joseph Latoumeau, Antoine Lasambert, P.
Aboir and John Fessie,
1788 In the State Convention, assembled at the Van
lOeeck House, Poughkeepsie, Zephaniah Piatt, De
Witt, GUbert Livingston and Melancton Smith, by
their votes secured the adoption of the Federal Consti
tution, Smith, imtU he saw that its adoption by the
states was certain, had co-operated with Judge
Thomas TreadweU, Yates, Lansing and his friend,
Govemor CHnton, in opposition to it. He then gave
up his objections,
" — A magnanimous sagrifice of preconceived principles
and party discipline for the national welfare, and the effort was
the greater, inasmuch as he had to desert his friend, Govemor
Clinton," — ChanceUor Kent.
1817 At twelve o'clock, President Monroe arrived at
Cumberland Head on the steamboat Phoenix and
was conveyed to the wharf in the village in Col, At
kinson's barge. From the wharf he was escorted to
Israel Green's Inn, by a company of the U. S. Infantry,
under Capt. Newman S, Clark. Capt. Sperry's com
pany of horse and the Plattsburgh Rifles. At the
hotel, Reuben H. Walworth, on behalf of the corpora
tion, deHvered an address of welcome. As the Presi
dent passed into the house, the young ladies from
Miss Cook's and Miss Forrence's schools strewed

232 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
flowers in his path. In the evening, the President
attended a party at the home of Capt, Sidney Smith
of the Navy.
1825 Judge Samuel Hicks, a pioneer in 1798, died at
Champlain. He was a son of John and EHzabeth
(Nutting) Hicks of Cambridge, Mass,; a captain of
dragoons in the Revolutionary war and was engaged
as commissary in the battle of Plattsburgh, besides
operating so actively against the British that they
offered a reward for his head.
1828 Captain Daniel WUcox, the first boat-buUder on
the lake, died at the age of 64 years. He came, in
1788, with Benjamin Boardman from Connecticut,
where he had built the first boat, a sloop of 30 tons,
after the Revolutionary war. Like the Boardmans,
Joseph, Henry, EHsha and Samuel, he settled on Grand
Isle, where he made the brick and built the house
known as the D. Wilcox Inn on the Wilcox farm,
South Hero. He also ran the first ferry from his
place to the Ransom landing " under the swinging
branches of elms and quivering shadows of Lombardy
poplars," JULY 27
1691 Major Schuyler and his men encamped last night
and this night on Isle la Motte,
1759 A sergeant of the British regulars succeeded in
entering the burning fort and, raising the EngHsh
flag, bore the white banner of France to his general,
1777 Jane McCrea, in whose memory Jane McCrea
Chapter, D, A, R, at Fort Edward is named, uninten
tionally shot by Provincials in pursuit of the band
of British Indians with whom she was fleeing. Of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 233
a LoyaHst famUy and betrothed to David Jones, a
young British officer, with a party of ladies she had
just been visiting the British camp when the attack
occurred. Her remains rest in Fort Edward ceme
tery.
1817 President Monroe attended services in the Pres
byterian church and took tea at Judge Delord 's. On
the invitation of the President, Col. Melancton Smith
dined with him at Israel Green's Inn.
1830 " The Winooski River was from four to twenty
feet higher than ever before known, according to the
width of the channel," 3,85 inches of rain having faUen
in the vicinity in the preceding sixteen hours
1 83 1 Trinity church was consecrated. The Rev. Anson
Hard was then rector. In the early years of its his
tory, the Society had met for worship at the Academy
or Court House and during the interval (1826-1831),
when the church had no rector, the members usually
attended the services of the Methodist Church.

JULY 28
1691 Major Schuyler " caUed a CouncU of warr " and
it was decided " to fall upon Leprarie." A little
later four of their Mohawks sent out as spies were
fired upon by a party of " eight of the Enemy's pray
ing Indians " and three wounded. These were car
ried " on shoar " and cared for and the invaders en
camped over night " within ten mUes of Fort Sham-
bhe." On the second day they continued their
advance toward Leprarie.
1765 — arrived at Trois rivere. — Gilliland.
1771 Sheriff Ten Eyck, at the head of two or three
hundred variously armed men, among them the mayor.

234 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
several aldermen and four counseUors of the law
(Messrs. Sylvester, Robert Yates, Christopher Yates
and Mr. Bleeker) left Albany to serve writs of eject
ment on James Breakenbridge and Josiah FuUer of
Bennington. Meeting with armed resistance from
the sturdy settlers of the Grants, they were only too
glad to retum aHve.
1817 At ten o'clock in the forenoon. President Monroe
started for Sackett's Harbor, under escort of Capt.
Sperry's company. At two o'clock a point in the
road, leading through the primeval forest, thirteen
miles distant, was reached, where a bower had been
erected and a repast provided for his party. The
money used had been intended for the purchase of a
fire-engine, but a President does not visit Plattsburgh
every year.
1844 Death, in Burlington, of the Rev. Hiram Saf
ford, first pastor of the Baptist church to which he had
come from his charge in KeesevUle. His widow, Char
lotte Safford, for whom Charlotte street in Platts
burgh is named, survived him many years. Hiram
Safford served in the war of 1 812, as first Heutenant;
captain and major of the Third Squadron, 7th. Reg't
N. Y. Vols. Sept. 6, 1814, on the approach of the
left wing of Prevost's army. Major Safford was on
picket in command of his troops at Dead Creek Bridge
and was attacked by the advanced guard of the
enemy. During the battle, five days later, he and his
command were in the old stone miU (site of Lake
Champlain Pulp and Paper Co,) near the mouth of the
Saranac river, on duty as sharpshooters, which duty
was so weU performed that they killed and drove away
all the gunners from an English battery on the op
posite bank near the present residence of Hon. Smith
M. Weed.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 235
" Hiram Safford was a good pastor, citizen and
soldier." — Tribute of President Buckham of the Uni
versity of Vermont. JULY 29
'Twas evening, and the sun's last ray
Was beaming o'er the azure sky;
Earth bade farewell to cheerful day.
Which sinks beneath the mountain high.
— Margaret MiUer Davidson.
1609 When evening came we embarked in our canoes
to continue on our way; and, as we were going along
very quietly, and without making any noise — we met
the Iroquois at ten o'clock at night at the end of a
cape that projects into the lake on the west side
and they were coming to war. — Champlain.
1759 Lord Amherst, the successor of Abercrombie
with 1 1 ,000 men reached Carillon without opposition.
1764 Birth of Henry Delord, son of Jean Baptiste and
Frances Quinac Delord, parish of St. Castor, France,
When a yotmg man he married and went to Mar
tinique where, at the beginning of the French Revolu
tion he owned a large plantation and many slaves.
The negro uprising sent him to this country and he
settled in Peru as early as 1796, Here, on the corner
opposite the Friends' meeting house he built a com
modious dweUing stiU standing, the oldest house in
town. The first post-office was kept here and Louis
PhUHpe was once a guest. Large business interests
requiring removal to Plattsburgh, the farm was sold
to James Rogers, a worthy Quaker.
1765 Mr. Henry being much indisposed, Mr. Jones and
I took a ride out to view the iron works, situated at 9
mUes distance from the town. We found them

236 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
greatly out of repair, no ore, iron or fuel, being not
less than 9 miles, all by land, — Gilliland.
1783 Lieut, Mooers and party arrived at Albany where
they were joined by John LaFrombois, who was re
turning to his farm on the lake shore in Chazy.
1798 Judge Melancton Smith died of yeUow fever, the
first case that appeared in New York city. The inter
ment was in Gold St. churchyard though there are
stones to the memory of both the Judge and his wife
in Riverside cemetery, Plattsburgh. An officer in the
Revolution and a patriot in every sense of the word,
he represented Dutchess county in the First Provin
cial Congress as weU as in the convention which met in
1778 to consider the constitution of the United States.
With the Platts, whose acquaintance he had doubtless
made while at work in a retail store in Poughkeepsie,
to which he had been sent as a boy, he became one of
the original proprietors of Plattsburgh though he did
not Hve to enjoy his possessions. His two sons, Col.
Melancton Smith, U. S. A. and Capt. Sidney Smith,
U. S. N. settled on the Plattsburgh property and for
their bright Httle Quaker mother, Margaret Mott, the
principal street, Margaret is named. She was a first
cousin, schoolmate and life-long friend of Dr. Valentine
Mott.
1897 President and Mrs. McKinley, Sec. of War,
Gen. Russell and Mrs. Alger with private secretary,
Gen. and Mrs. Porter arrived at Hotel Champlain.
Out of tlie city, how the breeze
Lisps and laughs in the tossing trees,
Cools its wings in the crystal lake.
Borrows odor of bloom and brake:
Out of the city's smoke and soot
Hasten pilgrims on wing and foot; — James Buckham.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 237
1853 Creation of the Diocese of BurHngton, Its first
Bishop, Rt, Rev, L, De Goesbriand, was consecrated
the foUowing October, JULY 30
1609 Champlain's battle with the Iroquois took place
in which several of the savages were kUled and ten or
twelve taken prisoners. Thus was the first blood shed
by white men in the vaUey.
" This place, where this charge was made, is in latitude 43
deg^es and some minutes, and I named the Lake Lake Cham
plain." — Champlain.
1765 We embarked on a bateau, at Trois rivere, about
8 in the morning, and arrived at Quebec about 10
that night. — Gilliland.

HON. zephaniah C. PLATT

1805 Birth in Plattsburgh of Zephaniah C. Piatt, son
of Isaac C. and Ann TreadweU Piatt, and grandson of
Judge Charles Piatt, the first permanent settler. Dur-

238 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
ing the war of 1 81 2 , Zephaniah C. was sent to Vermont
to school, attending the primary department of Mid
dlebury CoUege, of which an uncle was then principal.
During the siege of Plattsburgh, his father's house
was headquarters for the British General Robertson
and was used as a military hospital. He afterwards
attended the old Academy and was first president of
both the Clinton County Savings Bank and the First
National Bank of Plattsburgh,
1813 Col. Murray embarked his force numbering over
1,400 men, including infantry, sailors and marines in
two war sloops, three gunboats, and forty-seven
longboats, and, crossing the lines, passed Champlain
where the Americans had not and never had a naval
establishment. The same day some of the British
gunboats menaced Burlington and exchanged a few
shots with our batteries whUe Gen, Hampton was
organizing his forces in town, intending to invade
Canada, and Com, Macdonough was procuring the
necessary equipment fot his flotiUa then occupjmig
the harbor, JULY 31
1759 The French retreated from Crown Point to Isle
aux Noix.
1783 Lieut. Mooers' party left Albany and proceeded
up the Hudson about five miles, where the boat was
partially unloaded and taken over the rapids to
StUlwater. — Palmer.
1813 Murray and his force landed in Plattsburgh with
out opposition and began a work of destruction. In
spite of his assurances that private property and
unarmed citizens should be unmolested, in addition
to destroying the block-house, arsenal on Broad

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 239
Street, armory and hospital and the military canton
ment at Fredenburgh Falls, two miles up the river,
the British wantonly bumed three private store
houses, taking possession of hardware belonging to
merchants of the city of Boston, and broke into and
robbed private dwelhngs. Judge Delord, Peter SaiUy,
Esq., Judge Palmer, Dr. Miller, Bostwick Buck, Jacob
Ferris and Major Piatt were among the losers.
Three of the British vessels appeared in BurHngton
bay and commenced to bombard the Battery, but the
fire was returned from the guns mounted on the
parapet with such vigor that the enemy retired.
1814 Macomb's brigade, consisting of the 6th, 13th,
15th, 1 6th, and 29th Regiments set out in boats from
Cumberland Head for Chazy Landing whUe BisseU's
brigade, comprising the sth, 14th, 30th, 31st, 33d,
34th, and 45th Regiments, started for Chazy by land.
There were now 4,500 men at or in the rear of the
viUage of Champlain, InvaHds and 200 effective
were left to finish the works on the Head whUe a work
ing party of 400 under Col. Fenwick were completing
the three redoubts in that viUage.

240 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

AUGUST 1
The hills loomed up through the silver haze ;
Tht air blew sweet, and warm, and soft.
Far blazed the ranks of the golden-rod — — Buckham.
1755 Arrival at Crown Point of Baron Dieskau, re
cently come from France with several veteran Regi
ments under orders for Lake Ontario, but hearing of
the advance af the EngHsh towards Lake George, he
had changed his course,
1759 Bourlemaque with a handful of men holding
Carillon, leaves the fort in flames and retreats to
Crown Point, The deserted entrenchments were
immediately occupied by English Grenadiers, whUe
the French bumed their forts at Crown and Chimney
Points and, accompanied by the settlers, who had
abandoned their farms, retreated to Canada.
1809 The cargo of the sloop Franklin, Thomas Ed
wards, master, consisted of two crates of crockery,
one box, six pounds of soap and 25 pewter plates, —
Extract from old import book at Plattsburgh.
1813 At ten o'clock Murray, having completed his
work ot destruction, embarked in haste, leaving a
picket guard of 21 men, which were immediately
seized and sent as prisoners to BurHngton. The
longboats and two of the gunboats went north, land
ing their men at Cumberland Head and Point au
Roche, where they pillaged the houses and farms of
Henry W. Brand, Judge Treadwell and Jeremiah
Stowe, At Chazy landing, the enemy bumed a store
belonging to Judge Saxe and at Swanton, Vt,, some old
barracks and plundered several citizens, ITie two

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 241
sloops and the other gunboat saUed south ten or
twelve miles above BurHngton and then retumed
towards Canada, firing a few shots at BurHngton as
they passed.
This day on account of an invasion of the British troops
there was no public worship, and the sacrament of the Lord's
Supper could not be administered, according to appointment. 
Sessional records, Presbyterian Church, Plattsburgh.
1884 D. & H. freight house and Dock Company's ware
house at Plattsburgh bumed.
1898 Saranac Chapter, D. A. R. sent 55 hospital shirts,
75 cholera bands, writing paper, stamped envelopes
and misceUaneous articles to Washington.
1899 The Burlington Traction Co. extended its Hne to
Queen City Park,

AUGUST 2
All about us the air was a-swoon
With the brimming wine of midsummer noon.
And the August pipers clear and shrill
Sang chirr, chirr, chirr like a shepherd's tune
On his oaten pipe, from the greenwood hill,
— James Buckham.
1756 Marquis Montcahn, with the 9,000 French and
Indians he had collected during the summer at Caril
lon, captured Fort WUHam Henry from Col, Monroe,
This was the zenith of French power in America.
" Had I to besiege Fort Carillon," said Montcalm, in 1758
while wondering at the retreat of Abercrombie, " I would ask but
six mortars and two pieces of artillery."
1828 Beginning of the first term of the Academy after
its incorporation with Alexander H. Prescott, who
had previously taught in Chazy, as principal. Mr.

242 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Prescott married a daughter of Dr. Herrick (whose
home was opposite the Freleigh house on Peru street)
and built and. occupied the stone house, now 5 Broad
street
1836 Death came suddenly to Judge Matthew Saxe
while at work in the hay field and the spot where he
fell was, for many years, marked by a post painted
red. Matthew Saxe with two of his brothers, came
ta Chazy in 1808 from Highgate. He built a wharf a
few rods south of the rude wharf of WUHam Lawrence,
and a stone store-house, still standing. Soon a thriv
ing business sprang up at Saxe's Landing and con
tinued for many years until the buUding of railroads
diverted the shipping interests from the lake and aU
the lake ports fell into a state of decadence.
AUGUST 3
The country (Crown Point, 1759), thus cheaply won (by
Amherst) was rich and beautiful; far as the eye could reach,
magnificent forests and verdant turf alternated on the undula
tions of the landscape, down to the margin of the beautiful lake.
The sugar-tree, and various fruits and flowers, abounded in the
sunny valleys, and the scent of aromatic herbs filled the pure air
with a delightful perfume. — Warburton.
1808 Conflict on the Onion river near Winooski be
tween the " Black Snake," a large bateau commanded
by Samuel J, Mott of Alburgh with a crew of seven
desperate men engaged in smuggling, and the revenue
cutter " Fly " under Lieut, Farrington (who was
wounded in the fight) and a crew of militiamen, two
of whom were kiUed with one of the smugglers,
1833 Hugh Moore and Roby G, Stone began to pubHsh
the Republican. The latter had served an apprentice
ship of ten years in the office of the Burlington
Sentinel and printed, edited and owned for more than

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 243
a quarter of a century the Plattsburgh Republican.
He was a native of Bolton, Vt, and the last of his
family bearing the name of Stone. From 1827 he
held a commission in the militia and after his removal
to the westem side of the lake, was brigade inspector
17 years and later inspector of the fourth division of
N, Y. State mUitia. His interest in Vermont never
changed and in 1862 he had attended 38 commence
ments at the U, V, M. He remained through life a
Democrat of the most uncompromising type,
AUGUST 4
1759 Amherst with the main army reached Crown
Point, where he traced out the lines of a new fort
about two hundred yards west of the old French
works, " as a defence in future against the savage
scalping parties which had so long been a terror to
the frontier settlers of New York," The fort, though
never completed, is said to have cost the English
govemment over two miUion pounds sterHng,
1784 Lafayette landed in this country for the third
time. He was accompanied by John Louis Fouquet,
who first opened a boarding house in Albany and
later settled in Plattsburgh where his godfather,
John Fontfleyd, had already located on Cumberland
Head,
But ah, the wing of death is spread;
I hear the midnight murd'rers tread; —
I hear the Plague that walks at night, —
I mark its pestilential blight;
I feel its hot and with'ring breath,
It is the messenger of death! — Lucretia Maria Davidson.
1832 Died in her home on Margaret street near Broad,
of cholera during the scourge in that year, Mrs, Parker,

a ^

244 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
wife of a respectable mechanic, both members of the
Presbyterian church. The remains were interred at
dead of night, attended by her courageous pastor, Mr,
Chase, and a few of the church members, among them
Mr, Winslow C, Watson.
1867 On board the frigate Colorado, off Fort Pickens,
Fla,, died Capt, Thurber Bailey, son of John W.
Bailey and his wife, Emily Thurber, a daughter of
Gen. Thurber of Rouses Point.

AUGUST 5
1807 At Point OHver, Lower Canada was bom Frances
J, D 'Avignon, a skilled physician and surgeon and
a refugee from Canada, he came a pioneer to the Adi
rondack country after the termination of the Canadian
rebelHon in which he had taken an active part. Twice
he had been arrested, the last time under sentence of
death, but had miraculously escaped and during the
Civil War joined the Union forces. Captured he was
placed in Libby Prison, but later served his adopted
country in being permitted to minister to sick and
suffering Union soldiers. He died at Au Sable Forks
at the age of 50,
1832 Col, Ozias BueU, an organizer and benefactor of
the First Congregational Church, treasurer of the
University of Vermont for 21 years and pubhc spir
ited man in every way, died in BurHngton, age 63,
Trained in business methods under his uncle, Mr.
JuHus Deming, of Litchfield he established himself
in Kent, Conn., where he held the office of colonel in
the continental mUitia. After ten or twelve years he
came to BurHngton where his brother-in-law, Moses
CatHn, was already settled. When the bell far the
first church building was ready to be raised, Mac-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 245
donough, whose vessel then lay at the wharf, " volun
teered the services of his men to his friend BueU and
superintended the operation in person." BueU street
perpetuates the colonel's family name,
1909 Dr, D. S. Kellogg's valuable collection, containing
several thousand specimens of Indian rehcs and local
curios, sold to Amherst college for $6,000, Nearly all
the Indian relics were found in Champlain Valley and
most of them within fifteen miles of Plattsburgh, The
sites of twenty-one Indian villages have been located
by the doctor, the largest one being in the sand dunes
near Dead Creek, Others were at the mouth of the
Big Chazy, at South Plattsburgh, and in the town of
Peru, and at aU these pottery and flint implements in
abundance were found. The score of copper imple
ments, knives, spearheads and hatchet heads, found
in this vicinity were doubtless obtained by the Indians
either in trade or taken from slain or captive enemies,
since there is no native copper nearer than Lake
Superior.
AUGUST 6
Yet is not the whisper of the midsummer wind as distinct a
voice, to those who hear it, as any in the pneumatic calendar? It
surely is to me. I could never mistake its sound, and certainly not
its touch. — James Buckham.
1787 Josiah Thorp completed his survey of Zephaniah
Piatt's 17,983-acre location,
1813 On Friday, near the lakeshore on the Boynton
road, James Dougherty, a soldier, was hung and his
body deHvered to the president of the CHnton County
Medical Society "for the use of said society."
Dougherty had been tried and convicted at the June
Oyer and Terminer (Judge James Kent presiding)
for the murder of a young man named John Wait, a

246 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
resident of Salmon River, who was retuming from
Pike's Cantonment where he had been to dehver a
load of wood.
This is my thought of the Judgment-time:
******* Each soul alone at its Father's feet,
Nor suffered thence till it stands complete.
— James Buckham.
1838 At his farm, near Halsey's Corner, to which he
had retired on resigning the pastorate of the First
Presbyterian Church, died the Rev, Frederick
Halsey, its organizer and pastor until 1810, He left
a widow (his second wife) Mrs. Maria Man n^e Piatt,
who later became the third wife of her neighbor and
cousin, Isaac C. Piatt. Pastor Halsey came from
Smithtown, L. I. to minister to this people in spiritual
and educational affairs. At first he preached from
house to house until a church was organized, which
during the fourteen years of his pastorate held its
services in the Block House near the lakeshore on the
Point. It may be truly said that he laid the founda
tion for the educational, social and spiritual interests
for this region. It is recorded that he solemnized
more than 600 marriages and his church increased
nearly five-fold during his ministry. At his grave it
was said that he " was a man that never made a
enemy " — a rare eulogy.
1874 At Port Kent, in the house which he had built in
1828, died Peter Comstock, far famed as the pioneer
contractor and navigator of the Champlain Canal
and prominent in the transportation and lumbering
interests of the valley. The youngest son of Samuel
and Sarah (Crippen) Comstock of Egremont, Mass,,
where he was bom in 1796, he came with his parents
to Fort Ann about 1800, As a young man he settled

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 247
at a point (since caUed Comstock) on the projected
Champlain Canal in the constmction of which he was
the leading contractor. He ran the first freight boats
a,nd packets, was proprietor of the Red Bird Stage
Hne, and principal proprietor of the opposition
steamer Francis Saltus. Nothing ever daunted him—
" a regular Napoleon in business — he carried every
thing by storm." AUGUST 7
1763 The township of St. Albans received its charter,
J, Walden, who remained here during the Revolu
tionary war and began improvements at the bay, is
supposed to have been the first civiHzed settler.
From 1785 to 1788, Messrs, Andrew Potter, MorriU,
Gibbs, Green and Meigs with their families, became
permanent settlers,
1872 On Wednesday evening. President Grant ac
companied by Mrs, Grant and their sons Lieut, Fred
and Jesse, Gen. P. H, Sheridan and his private Secre
tary, Gen, Porter, arrived in a special car from Og
densburgh, Early in the evening, at the Fouquet
House a pubhc reception to the President was given.
Gen, Sheridan receiving in an adjoining room. After
wards, in response to the demands of the crowd out
side, the distinguished guests spoke a few words from
the balcony. Late in the evening a private reception
was tendered the party at the residence of the Hon,
Moss K. Piatt, at which the principal citizens were
present, AUGUST 8
Men wondered why in August heat.
The little brook with music sweet
Could glide along the dusty way,
When all else parched and silent lay. — Buckham.

248 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1754 In Salisbury, Conn, was bom Joseph Everest,
son of Benjamin Everest, whose three sons, Zadoc,
Joseph and Benjamin, were early settlers of Addison,
Joseph was treacherously enticed on board a sloop by
Carlton whom he knew, after hostUities had com
menced and Benjamin was taken by Indians after
Burgoyne's surrender. The escape from their captors
of these brothers forms many a thrilling tale,
1760 Murray's fleet passed Three Rivers,
1763 Orwell, Vt, was chartered to Benjamin Ferris
and associates.
1801 Birth, at Unity, N, H,, of AUen Breed, Jr,, son
of Allen and Judith ((Livingston) Breed who settled
at Crown Point in 1808 or 1809, AUen, Jr, owned an
extensive farm two mUes north of the viUage,
1811 Occurred the marriage of Mr, WiUiam GUHland
and Mrs, Nancy Staats, both of Plattsburgh. Mrs.
Statts, n^e Ann Maria Hay, was the widow of Cor
nelius Staats, an early settler of Peru. His death
occurred March 25, 1809. His live stock was identi
fied by " a Eks in the left ear."
1872 President Grant and party left on the steamer
"Oakes Ames" for BurHngton, where he was received
by the authorities of that city.
1876 The first ascent of Lyon Mountain by a woman
was made by Miss Hattie Lyon, a granddaughter of
Nathaniel Lyon, an early settler at its base and from
whom the mountain took its name.
1909 Suddenly, early Sunday morning, at " Red
Oaks," his summer home on Cumberland Head, the
Rev. Joseph Gamble, D.D. was summoned " from a
life of service to his heavenly reward."

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 249
AUGUST 9
" Soli Deo Laus et Gloria " —
Schuyler's quotation in closing his report of the expedition.
1691 ^ Major Peter Schuyler's party arrived in Albany
with their "wounded in aU 25." In the attack on
Leprarie the French had been apprised of their com
ing and strength, and fought bravely but lost 200, in
cluding Indians, while the Albany party lost about 16.
1766 We aU proceeded homeward; on our way we
stopped at the river AlamoUie (the Lamoille) which
Hes about east of the south end cape of Grand Isle;
is a very large river, much larger than Otter Creek;
went about 6 mUes up it, no falls or rapids appeared,
continued smooth, deep and wide, is weU stored
with fish, the land on both sides very sandy and bad,
much ordinary pine timber. Near the lake the land
is very low, looks as if flooded in spring, — Gilliland.
1777 Saturday — B. Gen'l Frazier' s Corps moved for
ward to Fort MiUer, or rather Duer's House immedi
ately opposite (7 miles) ; And a Detachment from
the Army, consisting of Reidesel 's Dragoons, 150 Pro
vincial 100 Savages, and a part of Capt. Frazer's
Rangers, in aU 556, * * were detached towards
Bennington. — Hadden.
The object of your expedition is, to try the affection of the
Country; to disconcert the councils of the enemy, to mount the
Reidesils Dragoons, to compleat Peters Corps and obtain large
supplies of cattle. Horses & Carriages. * * You are to pro
ceed from Batten Kill to Arlington, and take post there 'till the
Detachment of Provincials under the command of Capt. Sher
wood shall join you from the Southward. —
Private instructions of Gen. Burgoyne to Lieut. Col. Baume.
Thomas WUHams, grandson of Eunice WiUiams
and supposed father of the Rev. Eleazer WilHams,

250 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
was with Frazier's detachment, leading a company
of his Indians. AUGUST 10
1777 Sunday — ^The 53rd Reg't were order 'd back to
Garrison Tyconderoga, The 62d Reg't being to join
the Detachment under Lt. Anstruther at Fort George.
The Army therefore is now deminish'd i British and
I German BattaHon, left at Tyconderoga and Mount
Independence — Hadden's Journal.
The same day there died in Scotland in her 74th
year, Mrs. Anna Campbell of the family of Bolenabe
and consort of Mr. Duncan Campbell (of Inverawe).
1783 We (Lieut. Benj. Mooers, Ensign Peaslee (a
nephew of Gen. Hazen and cousin of Mooers ) and
Lieut. Francis Monty, a refugee from Canada with
eight Canadians) arrived at Point Au Roche and im
mediately went to work, and put up a comfortable
Log House. I brought on with me a Father and
son, by the name of Laflamboin, who had retreated
with our troops and had previous to the Revolution
settled on the west bank of Lake Champlain, opposite
the Isle la Motte on which was some improvements, —
We visited the place soon after we arrived — as also
one or two other improved places — but found the
buildings destroyed. — Recollections of Benjamin
Mooers.
1791 Margaret (Piatt) Smith, a native of Hempstead,
L. I. and wife of Isaac Smith, died. They were the
maternal grandparents of Mrs. O. P. Davidson of
Plattsburgh. Isaac Smith in 1757, removed from
Long Island, the home of his ancestors for nearly a
century to Armenia, Dutchess Co. where they reared
a family of five sons and six daughters. He was a
justice and survived his wife but four years.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 251
1849 A disastrous fire in four hours reduced the entire
business portion of the villiage of Plattsburgh to ashes.
Soon after the Hon, George W, Palmer (now living at
the age of ninety-two), whose home nearly opposite
the old Methodist church on Court street, had been
bumed, moved into a substantial brick house which
he had been buUding on Oak street (then called
Bojmton Lane and later. Lovers' Lane), This was
the first house on the west side of the street, north
from ComeHa, except one smaU house on the north
west comer of Oak and ComeHa streets, then oc
cupied by George Buck, eldest of the six sons of
Ephraim Buck, who built the fine house (now 39 Oak)
on the opposite comer,
1895 Ground was broken for the miU and dam of the
High FaUs Pulp Company at the great faUs of the
Chateaugay river, five miles below the outlet of
Chateaugay lake at Bellmont.
AUGUST 11
1777 This was a very hot day in Champlain Valley
and, at night, was foUowed by so violent a storm of
thunder, lightning, wind and rain that the soldiers
of Lieut. Digby's regiment (the 53d) could not stay
in their tents and the horses were so frightened that
they tore down the sheds built to protect them from
the sun, Digby wrote in his Journal: —
A large detachment of German troops consisting of Gen,
Reidzels dragoons who came dismoimted from Germany, a body
of Rangers, Indians & volunteers, with 4 pieces of cannon, went
from our camp (at Fort MUler) on a secret expedition; their route
was not publicly known, but supposed for to take a large store of
provisions belonging to the enemy at Bennington, and also horses
to mount the dragoons."
1814 The new brig, carrying 20 guns, was launched at
Vergennes and named the Eagle.

252 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1831 At Burlington, Samuel BueU, son of the Revolu
tionary soldier. Major EHas BueU of Coventry, Conn,,
died in his sixty-sixth year. His widow, Julia
(SaiUy) Piatt, survived until 1840, For many years
Samuel BueU had been collector of customs at Bur
lington, Major BueU and his wife, Sarah Turner,
died the same year, 1824, in Albany,

AUGUST 12
1760 Murray's fleet anchored opposite Sorel where M.
de Bourlemaque was posted with about 4,000 men,
1768 Boundary line between Canada and New York
Colony fixed by an order in Council,
1773 John Strong, Benjamin Kellogg, Zadock Everest
and ten other Addison boys went with Allen to dis
possess Reid at the Falls near Vergennes,
1784 Zephaniah Piatt of Poughkeepsie, in behalf of
himself and thirty-two associates, who collectively
had acquired the requisite number of " rights " and
located them upon the tract of land claimed by De
Fredenburgh under his warrant, procured the neces
sary certificate from the Surveyor General, that the
lands were vacant and unappropriated,
1793 Birth, in Dutchess county, of PoUy, daughter of
Rufus Comstock, a pioneer in Plattsburgh about 1800,
removing later to Beekmantown,
1812 David B. McNeil was admitted to practice in the
Supreme Court of New York by Chief Justice James
Kent (afterwards Chancellor), In 1814, David, now
Captain, McNeil was with the Essex County militia
called out by Murray's invasion; was at Fort Cassin

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

253

when that fort was attacked by British gun boats
and, by the first of September, was again at Platts
burgh and on continous duty until after the battle
serving as adjutant-general on Gen, Mooers' staff.
1835 Elder WUHam Pitt Piatt or " Farmer " Piatt as
he was caUed, closed his earthly labors. No one
contributed more generously than he towards the
building of the Presbyterian church, and ' knowing

WILLIAM PITT PLATT

somewhat of his genius for mechanics, we wonder if
the perfect Httle model of the first edifice of that
Church, stored in the garret of the home of his son
Moss at that time it bumed, was not his work. On
special occasions the neighborhood children had had
the privUege of a peep into this fascinating structure
and had seen " real pews with little wooden men
sitting in them,"
He was a quiet man, of average height, spare,
with quick, elastic step; black eyes and hair, with " a

254 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
single lock of white hair as wide as your finger, just
above the right corner of his forehead, the remaining
hair black, slightly incHning to brown," In religion
" a Presbyterian and an oracle among them." On
that memorable Sabbath morning, with his five-year
old son Moss, he stood on a promontory near his home,
among the non-combatants, and watched the battle
raging in Cumberland Bay,
1908 A tablet was placed at Cliff Haven in memory of
Warren E. Mosher the originator of the idea of a
Catholic Summer-School and one of its founders.

AUGUST 13
1690 Capt, John Schuyler of Albany with a Httle band
of 29 foUowers and 120 Indians, proceeded as far as
Canaghsionere (probably Whitehall).
1791 Lot No. 9 on Cumberland Head was deeded by
Judge Zephaniah Piatt to his son Wm. Pitt Piatt and
here the latter brought his bride, Hannah Kent, the
lovely and only sister of Chancellor and Moss Kent.
1832 Francis Henriette DeLord, only child of Judge
Henry and Madam Elizabeth (Ketchum) DeLord, and
Henry Livingston Webb of Albany were united in
marriage in Trinity church, Plattsburgh, by the Rev.
J. H. Coit.
1908 The comer-stone of the new Y. M. C, A, building
laid by Govemor Hughes with appropriate remarks,
" Character is the basis of industry, the surety of the endur
ance of the Republic." — Hughes on that occasion.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 255
AUGUST 14
1755 Sir WUHam Johnson reached the camp (Fort
Edward) and found the army increased to 2,850 men
fit for duty,
1792 Asa StUes, Jr., son of Asa Stiles, Sr., was bom in
Hebron, Conn, but removed with his father's family
in 1794 to Shoreham and to Chazy in 1801. His
father had been a teamster in the Revolution. Young
Asa married Laura Hedding, a sister of Bishop Hed-
ding and Judge WiUiam Hedding and with the latter
he formed a business partnership.
1793 Ira HiU, son of Caleb, was bom in Granville,
Washington Co., N. Y. In 1802, his father removed
to Isle La Motte, then nearly in a state of nature, and
settled on the north end of the island where his de
scendants have remained to the present day.

AUGUST 15
The shadows of those dreary days
Before my memory rolls.
The rude and stem, and rugged ways
Of the rough times that tried men's souls;
— Centennial Poem, delivered at Plattsburgh, by Thomas F. Win
throp, July 4, 1776.
1 735 Birth at Quebec of Bmno Trombly , the progenitor
of the Tromblys of this section. He was one of the
first to settle among the Indians in the wildemess on
the westem shore of Lake Champiahi, coming thither
in a canoe and settling near a bay, afterwards caUed,
for him, Trombly's. He became a farmer and owner
of 2,000 acres of land.

256 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1776 Birth of John B, Trombly, son of the pioneer,
Bruno, lUce his father a large land-owner. His mar
riage to PauHne Lamereau, resulted in a family of
thirteen children, ten of whom survived and settled
in Chazy, Champlain, or Worcester, Their parents
were buried in the Chazy Cemetery.
1818 Troops at work on Fort Montgomery ordered
back to Plattsburgh and detailed to work on the
" Military Turnpike," a highway beginning three
miles west of the village of Plattsburgh (Thorn's Cor
ners) and continued twenty-four miles toward Cha
teaugay. Over this route, Jonathan Thompson, at
an early period, carried the mail on horseback but, in
1823, commenced running a regular weekly stage to
Ogdensburg, This Hne connected with steamboats
on both Lake Champlain and Lake Ontario and en
abled merchants to make business trips to Albany
and Montreal,
1890 Death of Hon. Peter Sailly Palmer, to whom
more than any other person is due the preservation of
the pioneer history of this section. He was the
author of " History of Lake Champlain from 1609 to
1814," " Battle of Valcour," " Historical Sketches of
Northem New York," etc, finding time for literary
work and historical research while attending to the
duties of his legal practice, holding the office of judge
and surrogate of CHnton county and various viUage
offices to which he was chosen through a long series
of years,
1903 The Vilas homestead became the property of
the brothers of Christian Instruction, its name being
changed to Mount Assumption Institute from the
date of its acquirement, celebrated in the CathoHc
church as the feast of the Assumption,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 257

AUGUST 16
Help me to strive with zeal, — strive, though my star go down, —
Sure that, while morning rise, some day my task shall crown.
— Buckham.
1759 Deserters from the French informed Amherst
that the French were encamped on Isle aux Noix
wliere a strong position gave them command of the
entrance to the RicheHeu river,
1760 " The last brUHant martial procession of war
departed from Crown Point," Col, HavUand, with
a long line of bateaux bearing 1500 regular troops,
1800 provincials and some Indians under convoy of
four armed vessels and an equal number of radeaux,
moved north and encamped opposite the French
post at Isle Aux Noix. Richard Montgomery accom
panied as adjutant of the Seventeenth regiment of foot.
1777 The battle of Bennington was fought " on New
York soil, but largely by Vermont boys," Maj. Asa
Douglas was there from Stephentown, leading a com
pany of "SUver Greys," while the garret of his house
at home was used as a jail and continued to be through
the war, since at that early day there was no other in
the county. John Palmer of Hoosic, N. Y. came lead
ing a company raised in that neighborhood, while
his son John took part in the three days' skirmishing,
part of which was in Hoosic, That moming. Water
man EeUs went out from his Bennington home and
came not back, and John Fay, and many another,
Capt, WiUiam Douglas, the Major's son rendered
important service as a spy,— And so the British
were prevented from getting their needed supplies,
1794 The negro man Hick and Jane, his wife, two of
the forty slaves brought here by Judge TreadweU from
his Long Island home, were manumitted by him.

258 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1814 In the afternoon. Com. Macdonough, accompanied
by a body guard, visited Capt. Caleb HiU at his home
on Isle La Motte and consulted with him in regard
to depredations made by certain sailors from his fleet
upon property on the Island. That the offenders
should be punished, if caught, was decided and Mac
donough retumed, his boat laden with green com,
new potatoes and garden truck which Capt. HiU had
given him from the house garden. That evening a
party of desperate men, including an officer, pretend
ing to be British, entered the house and while being
served with refreshments, murdered Capt. HiU in his
own kitchen. His young son, Ira, while trying to
escape, was struck by an officer with a sword, cutting
a gash from below the right eye, through the mouth
to the end of the chin, inflicting a scar which was
carried through life.
1838 Death, at Champlain, of Mary TaUmadge Corbin,
wife of Capt, Joseph Corbin,
1905 The Memorial Tower to Gen. Ethan Allen was
dedicated by the Society of the Sons of the American
Revolution. The tower, which stands on a rocky
bluff, about 200 feet in height, known as " Indian
Rock," near the entrance to the farm which was the
last home of Gen. Allen, can be seen from the decks
of passing steamers. The view from this tower
" extends from SpHt Rock," on the south, along the
Adirondack range, to Mount Royal, near Montreal,
While on the east the eye follows the Winooski vaUey
and the entire range of the Green Mountains,"
1906 On " Bennington Day," the Hand's Cove Chap
ter, D, A, R. dedicated a granite marker, set by them
a mile east from Larabee 's Point to commemorate
the exploits of the early Vermonters and designate

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 259
the place where Ethan Allen rendezvoused with his
Green Mountain boys for the capture of Ti,

AUGUST 17
1700 " The French guards (sent out from Canada,
etc), met him in a canoe, within the bounds of the
govemment, at the Otter Creek eighteen miles, on
this side of Reggio, the great rock (Rock Dunder)
that is in Corlear lake." — David Schuyler in a letter to
the Earl of Bellemont.
1756 At Nine Partners, Kinner Newcomb, son of
Cyreneus, was bom. In June, 1776, Kinner enlisted
in a company of Col. Melancton Smith's rangers,
serving at Verplank's Point, Poughkeepsie, and on
PeekskiU Mountains, in apprehending and guarding
tories. In August, 1777, he enlisted in Capt, John
Rouse's company and marched in Gen, Glover's
brigade to StiUwater, where he encamped on Bemis
Heights untU October i6th, then joining in the pur
suit of Burgoyne's retreating army. For his many
patriotic services he afterwards drew 600 acres of
land. The year foUowing his marriage to Lucretia
Banker, in 1784, he removed to Plattsburgh, where
he remained the rest of his life.
1759 Captain Loring of the English navy, realizing
that the fate of the campaign rested upon the relative
strength of the two armies on the waters of the lake,
commenced a large raft to carry six heavy guns, but
the enemy, in a fortnight " launched a new vessel
pierced for sixteen gims."
1763 The town of Georgia, Vt. was chartered. The
early settlers had, at fiirst, to go to BurHngton and
Plattsburgh for their grinding, but the population
increased so fast that miUs were soon erected.

26o Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1778 Birth at Lynn, Mass. of AUen Breed, who re
moved with his father EHphalet's family to Unity,
N, H., where he grew to manhood, married, and had
several children, aU of whom settled at Crown Point,
about 1808 or '09.
1827 John Hammond, son of Charles F, Hammond,
was bom at Crown Point, At the breaking out of the
war of the rebeUion, he assisted in sending out the
first company of volunteers from Crown Point, and
later " raised Company H, of the Fifth New York
Volunteer Cavalry, with which he went to the front
and did most gallant service," He was twice
wounded and on his retirement received the brevet of
Brigadier General, The remainder of his Hfe was
devoted to the iron manufacturing and raUroad
interests of this region,
AUGUST 18
1776 One sloop, three schooners, and five gunboats,
carrying 55 guns, 70 swivels, with a complement of
395 men, were ready for the new fleet which was to
meet the EngHsh on the lake, Arnold was chosen
to take command, much to the disappointment of
Jacobus Wynkoop, a captain in the Continental
army, who now refused to take orders from Arnold
and, in consequence, was ordered arrested by Gen,
Gates and was taken, a prisoner, to headquarters at
Ticonderoga, whence he was sent to Albany,
1818 Col, Melancton Smith died at the early age of
38, of fever, contracted in the low malarial swamps
around Quebec, whither his lumbering interests had
taken him. He left a young widow and a year old
baby daughter, Elizabeth, who now found a home at
"Grandpa Green's " inn. Colonel Smith was a man of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 261
affairs, the first editor of the Republican, commander
of Fort Moreau in the defence of Plattsburgh, and a
promment mason. He was buried with mihtary and
masonic honors from the mansion he had built in
1 81 1, This imposing stmcture stood near the site of
the present band stand untU removed to make room
for the Custom House, its timbers and other parts
being sold piece by piece for the improvement of
various houses in the county. His widow survived
until 1879, dying in Green Bay, Wisconsin.
1822 Judge PHny Moore died at Champlain. The
first EngHsh settler m the town, no one was more
mterested in its welfare than he, and the agricultural,
educational moral, poHtical, social and religious
interests of the county claimed his attention as weU.
He divided his large estate by will justly among his
children with reference to the needs and previous
acquirements of each, making provisions for those
who had served him and leaving land for the erection
of a House of Worship, " & other buildings for the
accommodation of People attending meeting to cover
their horses in bad weather,"
1842 Moses CatHn, a native of Litchfield, Conn, and
one of the first inhabitants of Burlington, died at the
age of 72, His wife, Lucinda Allen, inherited from
her father, Capt, Heman Allen (who died from a
wound received at the battle of Bennington), a large
fortune, including land lying between Vergennes and
Highgate, It was in their first home on Court House
square that the first Calvinistic Congregational
church was formed in Burlington, She survived her
husband but six years, dying in the third home which
he had built — this one back of the college that his
wife might enjoy the wonderful view of lake and
mountain as seen from that eminence.

262 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1904 Dedication of the new Carnegie Library at Bur
lington, The structure has a granite foundation, is
fireproof and built of red brick with white terra cotta
finish. AUGUST 19
1765 Arrived at Bertie (Berthier), opposite the mouth
of the Sorell, which, being desirous to see, on account
of its connection with Lake Champlain, I hired an
interpreter and canoe, and crossed the River St,
Lawrence there — land mostly very sandy (SoreU)
particularly on the east side, where it is almost bar
ren — it is held at a high price notwithstanding, — Gilliland.
In 1 81 8, Judge PHny Moore of Champlain,
willed to his son. Royal, an interest in "a Carding
Mill & Clothiers works and aU privileges belonging to
the same at Berthier;" also one-half similar miUs at
" Bousherville mountain,"
1 767 De Fredenburgh and nineteen associates petitioned
for a grant of 20,000 acres of land, at Cumberland Bay
on the west of Lake Champlain, This included both
sides of the Saranac River and Cumberland Head,
1777 Frederick Baum, lieutenant-colonel of the Bruns
wick Dragoons, was buried at Bennington with miU-
tary honors.
At the same time Elkanah Watson, then a youth
of nineteen, was making his way south on horseback,
deputed by his employer, John Brown, founder of
Brown University, to carry fifty thousand doUars in
money to agents in the Southern States, that it might
be invested in cargoes for European markets.
1833 The CHnton County High School was opened at
Schuyler FaUs with Alexander H, Prescott as prin-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 263
cipal, Peter Weaver was President, and the Tmstees
were Calvin Everest, Elijah Weston, Azzel Purdy,
J, H. Patchen, Daniel Beckwith, Thomas Weaver,
Jeptha Hewitt, John Famsworth, Piatt Newcomb
and James Brand, In 1837, Mr, Prescott removed
with his famUy to Buffalo, then only a smaU village,
where he soon afterwards died, leaving descendants,
some of whom still Hve there.

AUGUST 20
1765 — retumed to Bertie (Berthier), — Gilliland.
1776 Gen, Benedict Arnold sailed from Crown Point
with his fleet of nine vessels,
1814 "I must not be responsible for the consequences
of abandoning my present strong position, I wiU
obey orders and execute them as weU as I know how,
Maj, -Gen, Brisbane commands at Odletown ; he is said
to have between five and six thousand men with him.
Those at Chambly are stated to be about four thou
sand, — Gen. Izard to the Secretary of War.
1873 John Syng Dorsey Taylor, M.A. died,
" Let your words be like apples of gold in pictures of silver,"
— a quotation often made by him to his pupils.
AUGUST 21
1690 Capt. John Schuyler with his band reached a
point " one mile below the sand-bank of Chambly,"
where one of his Mohawk Indians died,
1765 — Proceeded to Montreal, where arrived that
night, — Gilliland.
1846 Nathan Beman, the boy who led AUen into the
Fort at Ti, died at Chateaugay, where he had settled
as a pioneer in 1796, coming with his wife on foot from

264 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Plattsburgh, where he had Hved, for a time on Cum
berland Head, His father, Samuel Beman, bom in
Simsbury, Conn, July 1732, was an early settler of
Plattsburgh, coming from Shoreham, Vt, His re
mains rest in Riverside Cemetery and the grave is, as
yet, unmarked. The grave of Nathan is now tm-
marked, save by a marker placed some years ago by
the Adirondack Chapter of Malone. The original
stone disappeared years ago, Nathan, after the
capture of 'Ti, joined Col, Warner's regiment,
1867 On Wednesday, a large and destructive fire con
sumed the greater part of the business portion of the
viUage, From the Presbyterian church, which, with
its communion service, was entirely consumed, the
fire spread west and east on Brinckerhoff street, on
the west side of Oak, west side of Margaret and south
side of Bridge, destroying dweUings, stores and
offices, representing a loss of $469,861, Insurance
$241,625,
1903 At the terminus of the old Hazen Road, begun
in 1776 by Gen, Jacob Bailey at Newbury, Vt, and
carried a few miles beyond Peacham, but abandoned
on account of American reverses in Canada, untU
resumed in 1779 by Gen. Moses Hazen and continued
fifty miles farther, to Westfield near Hazen Notch,
Green Mountains, a marker was dedicated.
AUGUST 22
But faithful history still the page unfolds
Of war and blood; of carnage fierce and dark;
Of savage bosoms, cast in giant mold.
And hearts unwarm'd by pity's gentle spark.
— Margaret Davidson.
1690 Schuyler reached Laprarie, opposite Montreal,
intending to take the fort by surprise, but his savages

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 265
gave the warwhoop on receiving word to advance
and most of the French succeeded in gaining the fort.
The invaders, however, bumed the buildings, slaugh
tered 150 head of cattle, killed 6 and with 19 prison
ers beat a rapid retreat.
1767 At Nine Partners, N. Y, Jared LobdeU, son of
Darius and Mary (Baldwin) LobdeU, was bom. Re
moving, while young, with his father to Danby, Vt,,
he became the father of Methodism in Danby and
the first church of that denomination there was buUt
chiefly through his labors. In 1832, he removed to
Plattsburgh, where he died peacefully Aug, 28, 1846,
aged 79. His wife, Betsey, a daughter of John and
Hannah Signor survived until Nov, 8, 1858, dying at
the advanced age of 90 years in Plattsburgh,
1814 — ^At 3 o'clock, P,M., a Ranger arrived, and the
inteUigence ("that the enemy is in force at La Prairie
and La Acadia plains") he brought was immediately
commtmicated to the General, which was somewhat
alarming in its import, — Eleazer Williams.
AUGUST 23
There's a sunny smile on the infant's lip,
As he pauses the cup of enjoyment to sip;
But a moment more shall have hurried by.
And that smile will fade from his clouded eye ;
Some childish sorrow, or childish sin,
Shall cast its shade o'er the depths within.
— Margaret Davidson.
1773 Birth of Russel Ransom, son of John Ransom of
Kent, Conn, and brother of Hannah, Nancy, Lodema
and John Lewis, aU of whom settled with thek
parents on Cumberland Head,
1785 The proprietors (Simon R, Reeves, John Addams,
Zaccheus Newcomb, Israel Smith, Samuel Smith,

266 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Zephaniah, Piatt, Burnet Miller & son, Melancton
Smith, Charles Piatt, Piatt Rogers, Thomas Storm,
Lewis Barton, Peter Taylor, Benjamin Smith, Albert
Andrance, Benjamin Walker, John Berrien, Andrew
BiUings, Nathaniel Piatt, Nathaniel Tom, Jonathan
Lawrence, Ebenezer Mott, Benjamin Calkins, Benja
min Titus, Jacobus and Samuel Swartout, WUHam
Floyd, Ezra L'Homedieu, John Smith, Thomas Tread
well, PhiHp Schuyler and Nathaniel Northup) had,
by baUot, divided 24,300 acres, embracing 81 lots,
among themselves.
Previous to this 30 lots of 100 acres each had
been sold to the following persons : — Peter Roberts
from Manchester, Vt, ; Charles McCreedy and WiUiam
Mitchell from Dutchess county; Melancton Woolsey
from Long Island; Daniel Averill and his brother
Nathan, and the latter's son, Nathan, aU from New
Preston, Conn.; Simeon Newcomb from Nine Part
ners ; Samuel Beman, lately from Shoreham, Vt, ; and
John Kelly, Joseph Wait and Mr, Saxton,
1814 General Izard wrote to the War Department
that he had decided to remove west by the way of
Lake George and Schenectady with 4,000 men, leav
ing the sick and convalescents and about 1,200 men
under Brig. Gen, Macomb to garrison Plattsburgh
and Cumberland Head, The same day Macomb
went to WilHams, commanding the Secret Corps,
desiring that his agents obtain further information
in regard to the enemy's force,
1839 President Martin Van Buren arrived at Port
Kent and was met there by Judge Fisk of KeeseviUe,
accompanied by Richard Keese, in the former's grand
carriage with hinged steps that let down like those
of the famous coach of Washington, In the evening
the President's visit was celebrated by a torchhght
procession and illumination.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 267
AUGUST 24
1690 Capt. John Schuyler and a band of whites and
Indians camped at Port St, Anne on their return
from Canada, whither they had gone to make an
attack on the settlers in and about La Prairie, in
retaliation for the fearful massacre at Schenectady
during the winter,
1759 Montcalm, discouraged at the inefficiency of his
Canadian troops wrote: —
" The capture of Quebec must be the work of a coup de
main. The English are masters of the river. They have but to
effect a descent on the bank on which this city, without fortifi
cation and without defense is situated, and they are at once in a
condition to offer me battle which I cannot refuse, and which I
ought not to be permitted to gain."
1760 Col, HavUand opened a fire of mortars upon the
French post at Isle Aux Noix.
1765 — set out from Montreal for WUlsboro, having
bought many necessaries there for the settlers, and
arrived at St. John that night. — Gilliland.
1787 Retum of a Survey for Wm. GilHland of 2,300
acres of land on the west side of Lake Champlain,
between a place caUed Rattle Snake Den and the
Bay De Roche Fendue (Westport, Essex Co.).
— Calendar of Land Papers.
1839 The townspeople of KeeseviUe were invited to
meet the President at Judge Fisk's great, square-
roofed house, (present site of Daniel Dodge's), Mrs.
Fisk, being a staunch Whig, would not shake hands
with the President but remained in her room. Sought
out by some of her friends, she said, "Been shaking

268 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
hands with the President, eh: Shook hands like any
other man, didn't he? " — Old KeeseviUe Tales.
From KeeseviUe the Presidential party went to
Plattsburgh by carriage.
1840 Jeremiah Barnes, Sr., a native of Long Island*
died, of old age, in Beekmantown, whence, with his
wife, Phebe Schelinger, he had come, a pioneer, in
1809. At the battle of Plattsburgh he was a sergeant
in Capt, Sherry's company, which held an advanced
position and were the first attacked, fighting as they
fell back to Plattsburgh,
1760 HavUand, having erected batteries opposite the
fort on the main land, occupied by BougainviUe with
1 600 men, now made a vigorous attack upon the fleet
of smaU vessels anchored on his enemy's flank and
soon captured or dispersed them,
1909 At Cliff Haven, under the auspices of the Cham
plain Summer School in cooperation with Col. Cowles,
commanding the Fifth Infantry, U, S, A., and in the
presence of patriotic societies and invited guests,
was dedicated the monument in Macdonough Park,
Crab Island, This monument, a substantial granite
shaft, overlooking the historic waters of Valcour
Strait, has been erected by the Govemment in mem
ory of those who fought in the naval battles of Val
cour and Schuyler Islands, and at the battles of Platts
burgh and Lake Champlain. Hon, J, B. Riley presided
at the exercises and made the opening address, Dr,
Walsh read from a poem on the " Battle of Lake
Champlain," Miss Malley recited " The story of Old
Glory" and Dr. Coyle gave an address on the "Charac
ter of Macdonough," Music was furnished by a
chorus and the Fifth Infantry Band, After the fir
ing of a musketry salute, a party crossed to the island
and placed floral tributes at the base of the monument.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 269
AUGUST 26
1690 Capt, John Schuyler's party stopped at " the Httle
stone fort," probably the one at Chimney Point built
by D'Warm and Abraham Schuyler (who were the
first EngHsh war party passmg through the lake) in
the spring.
1821 Israel Green, the thirteen months' old son of
Thomas and EHzabeth (Piatt) Green, died and was
buried near the resting place of his mother's people,
the Platts, in Riverside cemetery.
1848 Death of Joseph Boardman, a nephew of Benja
min, who came to the VaUey in 1 788. Joseph settled,
in 1797, on the south end of Grand Isle, where his
brothers, Henry and EHsha, also settled.

AUGUST 27
1740 The meeting between Eunice WilHams and her
Indian husband and her brothers took place at Albany.
Eunice, after 36 years of captivity, was now a mar
ried woman with children, with stronger ties in the
land of her captivity than in the place of her birth.
1760 Murray, having been joined by Lord RoUo with
the regiment from Louisburg, again sailed up the
St. Lawrence and that same night M. de Bougain
viUe retired from Isle aux Noix leaving a garrison of
only 30 men who immediately surrendered to Havi-
land.
1825 At her home overlooking Cumberland Bay, of
that dread disease consumption, died Lucretia Maria
Davidson, lacking but one month of being seventeen.
An exquisite miniature likeness pamted on ivory,
shows her to have been of extraordinary beauty.

270

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

Several editions of her poems have been issued
and the manuscript, including those never pubhshed,
are in the possession of Mrs. M. P. Myers, the second
regent of Saranac Chapter, whose great-uncle, the
Hon. Moss Kent, was Lucretia's benefactor. To
him she addressed the foUowing poem.

lucretia MARIA DAVIDSON
TO MY FRIEND AND PATRON
And can my simple harp be strung
To higher theme, to nobler end.
Than that of gratitude to thee.
To thee, my father and my friend?
I may not, cannot, will not say
AU that a grateful heart would breathe;
But I may frame a simple lay.
Nor Slander blight the blushing wreath.

Yes, I will touch the string to thee.
Nor fear its wildness will offend;
For well I know that thou wilt be.
What thou hast ever been — a friend.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 271
There are, whose cold and idle gaze
Would freeze the current where it flows ;
But gratitude shall guard the fount.
And Faith shall light it as it flows.
Then tell me, may I dare to twine,
While o'er my simple harp I bend.
This little offering for thee.
For thee, my father, and my friend?
{Written in her sixteenth year)
AUGUST 28
1667 General de Tracy retumed to France, while many
members of his regiment, being offered special induce
ments to become colonists, remained, giving their
names to the settlements, Chambly, Chazy, Bertier,
Sorel and others. During the previous winter, at
the request of the General, Father Dolher de Casson
had come on snowshoes from Montreal to Fort St.
Anne, Isle La Motte, where he had celebrated mass
and officiated at the burial of thirteen soldiers who
had died of the scurvy then prevaUing,
1740 Eunice WUHams (baptised at Caughnawaga,
Marguerite 8aon' got) and her husband " Amrusus,"
who is said to have taken the name of WilHams, con
sented to retum with her relatives to Longmeadow
for a visit of four days. The party left Albany the
next day, arriving at the house of her brother, the
Rev. Stephen, on " ye 2nd Tuesday of Sept."
The same day, in Connecticut, John Ransom
was bom. He came a pioneer to Cumberland Head,
buUding there the first ferry-house or inn on the east
shore, near the present Hghthouse. His marriage to
Rhoda Pratt in Kent by the Rev, Joel BordweU,
pastor of the first church there is recorded in the
immense family Bible brought from Connecticut and
stiU preserved. His son, John Lewis or " Lewis "

272 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
became a pioneer in that part of Mooers which was
afterwards EUenburgh, the first town meeting of the
latter place being held at the dwelHng house of Lewis
Ransom, He was prominent in town affairs, and is
believed to have been the first postmaster, an office
which he held many years,
1847 Alexander Scott of Chazy died at Brookljm, N. Y.
He was a native of Troy and, with his brother Ebenezer
A,, settled first at Alburgh and then at Chazy pre
vious to 1812. In the old cemetery at Chazy viUage
the First M, E, Church erected a stone to his memory
in recognition of his gift to them of a stone church,
1858 Death, at Hoganstown, N. Y, of Eleazer WiUiams,
the " Lost Dauphin," Peter Sailly and many others
of his countrymen believed him the son of Louis XVI
and with much reason, but WiUiams made no effort
himself in this direction and is now generaUy beheved
to have been the son of his reputed father, Thomas
Williams, grandson of Eunice. Hunting, trapping
and fishing with his Indian relatives from Canada to
Whitehall, educated in a New England village, a
missionary among the Oneida Indians, projector of a
scheme for uniting the entire Six Nations into one
despotic commune, located beyond Lake Michigan
with the capital at Green Bay — aU his schemes faUed
and his last years were filled with disappointment,
" In obscurity the humble Indian missionary
passed from earth and his corpse sleeps with the
untitled," AUGUST 29
1760 Bougainville, weakened by the loss of his fleet,
at night abandoned his position and the forts at St,
John's and Chambly were evacuated at the same
time, their garrisons retreating towards Montreal,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 273
1 899 At Perth Amboy , N. J. the bodies of A. D. Stevens
and A, E. Hazlet two of John Brown's men executed
at Harper's Ferry, for the same crime as his own,
were disinterred and shipped for re-burial at North
Elba with others kiUed at Harpers Ferry, Oct, 17,
1859, The bodies of the two were buried at the
expense and on the property of Mrs. Rebecca Spring.

AUGUST 30
1766 Embarked with Mr. Dean, Mr. Watson, and Mr.
Rice, and Mr. Thompson for Crown Point, in order to
give Mr. Dean, and Mr. Rice, a convoy with my Bateau
and to meet Gov. Sir Henry Moore, who is expected
about noon at Crown Point ; arrived at Crown Point
this evening, — Gilliland.
1814 Major General Brisbane advanced his division to
Champlain,
1848 Samuel T. BueU died in Burlington and was
buried in Elmwood cemetery.
1 899 On the John Brown farm. North Elba, surrounded
by the mountain sentinels, Whiteface, Marcy, Colden,
"triple-crowned Mclntyre" and Saddleback, a thou
sand people gathered to witness the reinterment of the
remains of seven men of the John Brown party, killed
and buried at Harper's Ferry. These remains, in
one casket, were escorted from the Lake Placid
station by a detachment of the 26th Infantry, U. S.
v., stationed at Plattsburgh with dram corps and
bugler, headed by the Saranac Band Brass. Ad
dresses were made by the Rev, Joshua Young, D,D,
of Groton, Mass,, Bishop Potter, Whitelaw Reid and
Col, Richard I. Hinton of Brooklyn, The singing of
" John Brown's Body," benediction, firing of three

274 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
volleys over the graves, and sounding of " Taps "
closed the impressive ceremonies,
1902 At WilHston, Vt,, the Rev, Alanson Darius
Barber, one of the best known Congregational clergy
men in the state, passed away. He was bom in Beek
mantown, N, Y. in 1818; graduating from the U, V,
M, in 1845. He studied for the ministry and was
ordained in 1849, subsequently holding pastorates at
Peru, N, Y., Williston, Vt., in Pennsylvania and
lastly, in Clarendon, Vt., ceasing from active labor in
1876, Possessing marked ability as a writer he was
chosen to read the paper on " The Pastors of the
Church " at the centennial anniversary of Founding of
the First Presbjrterian Church at Plattsburgh, in 1897,

AUGUST 31
1755 New recruits continuing to arrive, General Lyman
found himself at the head of 3,100 provincials and
250 Indians.
1 765 Mr. GiUiland, having had a tedious trip with Capt,
Leaky from St, John, having been detained by calms
and contrary wind, " was put on shore at the river's
mouth, at 9 o'clock that night, and walked through
the woods for MUltown," He arrived at half past
10, having been absent on his journey to Canada,
40 days.
Move to the fore.
Men whom God hath made fit for the fray.
— Buckham.
1814 Gen, Izard, having waited in vain for different
orders, withdrew from Plattsburgh and marched his
army of 4,000 troops along the new State road
through Pleasant VaUey on their way to the Niagara

PHOTOGRAPH BY MRS. TRUMBULL

SEAL ROCK, CUMBERLAND BAY
On this rock once grew a tree wh'ch gave to the islet the appearance of a sloop, and
legend has made it suffer a night bombardment

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 275
Frontier, Almost immediately an officer came riding
furiously shouting the news of a British invasion from
the north and warning out the militia for —
" General Brisbane, the British commander, encamped
with the advanced guard of the enemy on the north side of the
great Chazy. Sir George Provost following with all his combined
forces, amounting to 15,000 well disciplined troops."
— Mrs. Davidson in " The Events of a Eew Eventful Days in
1814." On the same day Gen, Mooers ordered out the
mUitia of Clinton and Essex en masse to resist the
invasion of the British and couriers on horseback
hastened to alarm the surrounding villages and towns.

The child, Benjamin J. Mooers, left on Seal Rock
one hot August aftemoon by some fishermen until
their return from Plattsburgh, was forgotten and left
through the chiU August night, contracting a life
long asthma.

276 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

SEPTEMBER 1
Give me a crisp September morning for a tramp — none of
those listless days while stunmer still lingers in the lap of fall, but
one of those electric mornings after the first great change in the
atmosphere that comes with the breaking of summer's backbone.
— Buckham.
1812 About 8,000 men, including regulars, volunteers,
and militia under Gen. Bloomfield, are stationed at
Plattsburgh, with small advance parties thrown for
ward as far as Chazy and Champlain.
1814 Macdonough to-day anchored his fleet in Cumber
land Bay, Sir George Prevost following (Gen. Bris
bane) with aU his combined forces, amounting to
15,000 well disciplined troops, threw himself into the
little village of Champlain. Immediately on his
arrival there, he indeavored to disaffect the minds
of the inhabitants toward their own government,
and draw them over to the enemy ; faiHng in this, he
proceeded to impress wagons and teams in the vicinity
for the purpose of transporting their baggage and
military stores. — Mrs. Davidson.
1861 Society incorporated under the name of " Jewish
Congregation of Plattsburgh." Wm. Cane, Pres.;
Levi Gold, Vice Pres, ; A, Peyser, Sec, ; Solomon Mon-
ash, Treas,
1873 Death of Judge Josiah T, Everest at his home,
which he had built in 1831 at Schuyler Falls and
where had been reared his ten children. In his
funeral sermon, preached by Dr, Witherspoon, his
interest in agriculture, politics and reHgion was noted.
Several times he was awarded first premium for the
best cultivated farm by the County Agricultural
Society and special credit was his due for successfully

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 277
supervising the re-building of the Methodist parson
age after its destmction by fire in April, 1870,
1873 The same day Col. Matthias OHver Davidson, a
noted civil engineer, died at Fordham, N, Y, He was
a student at Plattsburgh Academy in 1832, and used
to teU his school feUows of the poetry which his sister
Margaret wrote. Of this brother, in a letter, written
from Ballston, in 1835, to a poetical correspondent,
she said: — " Dear Matty is thinking of railroads again.
And longs to get hold of the rod and the chain.
He talks of embankments, canals, and high bridges,
Of steam-cars and tunnels, of swamps and of ditches."
This shows the natural bent of Col. Davidson,
even in childhood. He married Henriette, the
daughter of his mother's cousin, Mrs. M. M, Standish
(nie Catherine Phebe Miller), Their son, Julian
OHver Davidson, one of the best marine artists of
America, painted for the Hon, Smith M, Weed, in
1 882-1 883, the " Battle of Plattsburgh," copies of
which are familiar to the public,
1875 Plattsburgh High School Building completed at
an expense, including furniture, of $40,000.
Board of Education. — W, W, HartweU, Pres,;
E, C. Baker, Sec; M. K. Piatt, A, WilHams, G, M,
Beckwith, Monroe Hall, George L, Clark, B, McKeever
S. H. Weed, O. A. Teft, D, S, McMaster,

SEPTEMBER 2
There is a splendor, an Oriental richness, about the golden-
rod that is equaled by no other flower. — Buckham.
1698 Capt. John Schuyler, on his return from Canada,
stopped at Isle La Motte.

278 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1766 There (Ft. George) I met with the foUowing
Gentn Sir Henry Moore Govemor of New York,
General Carlton, Govemor of Quebec province and
Brigr Genl of the district, Philip Schuyler, Esq.,
Robert Harper, Esq., Charles Fredenburgh, formerly
a Captain, — Carlton, Esq., nephew of General Carl
ton, Mr. John McKesson Atty; the four first gentn
undertook this journey in order to fix the bounds
betwixt the two provinces of New York and Quebec,
by discovering the true latitude of 45d north, on
which Mr. Harper acted as astronomer. Govr Moore
immediately gave me an invitation to become one at
his table, which I accepted, he and Govr Carlton
accepted my invitation to take their passage in my
Bateaux across the lakes. — Gilliland.
1814 The 1,500 men (mostly recruits and invahds)
left at Plattsburgh after the sudden march of Gen.
Izard, worked bravelv at the defences, each man,
bound to defend with his life if need be, the fort at
which he labored. Fort Moreau, about midway
between river and lake, was garrisoned by Col. Melanc
ton Smith and his command; Fort Scott, near the
shore of the lake, by Major Vinson; whUe Fort Brown,
on the bank of the Saranac, was in charge of Lieut.
Col. Storrs with detachments of the Thirtieth and
Thirty-first regiments. The blockhouse, on the south
side of a deep ravine, half way between the river and
lake, nearly opposite to the entrance to the govem
ment reservation from Hamilton street, was defended
by Capt. Smith and part of his company of convales
cents, Lieut. Fowler with a detachment of artUlery
being at the blockhouse on the point.
1848 At Grand Isle, Daniel Jackson, author of " Alonzo
and Melissa," died on the same day as his son, Archi
bald Henry Waterman. The father was bom in

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 279
Peru "5 mo, 31, 1790, son" of Daniel and Mary
(Green) Jackson of the Society of Friends. Wlien a
young man, Daniel Jr. taught school, but removed
to Grand Isle about 1832 and spent the remainder
of his days on a farm,
SEPTEMBER 3
1696 Charles II confirmed the title of Godfrey DelHus,
the Dutch minister at Albany, to the grant of land
secured by him from the Mohawks, which, commenc
ing at the northwest bounds of Saratoga, extended
north on the east side of Wood Creek and Lake Cham
plain to " Rock Retzio " (Button Bay), with its
eastern Hne crossing the falls at Middlebury, " This
was the first paper title to lands in Addison
County,"
1755 While Johnson with the main army was at the
portage at the head of Lake George, planning his
advance upon Fort St, Frederic, Dieskau had left
that post and was hastening towards South Bay,
1759 The construction of a sloop equal in size to that
of the French was begun by the English.
1776 Arnold reached Windmill Point, eight miles
below Isle la Motte and anchored there " in a Hne
from shore to shore," sending his look-out boats a
mile below with orders to watch the movements of
the enemy at Isle Aux Tetes.
The same day Capt. John Brown, a soldier of the
Revolution, died in a barn in New York in the cause
of Hberty, He was the fourth in direct descent from
Peter Brown of the Mayflower and grandfather of John
Brown of Ossawatomie, His gravestone, brought
from Connecticut to the Adirondack farm, marks the

28o Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
grave of his hero grandson who requested to be buried
near it.
" The Captain of my salvation, who is also the Captain of
liberty, has taken away ray sword of steel, and put into my hands
a sword of spirit." — John Brown in his last letter.
1814 At Champlain was encamped, under Sir George
Prevost, commander-in-chief, an army of from 11,000
to 14,000 men, including artillery, infantry, Hght
dragoons, miners and sappers, with Canadian chaus-
seurs and a Swiss regiment: all tried and seasoned
troops, many of them WeUington veterans. The
same day the inhabitants were fleeing from Platts
burgh south, many finding an asylum at the " Union,"
where a few days later, from the crest of HaUock
hill, they with the young Quakers watched the distant
battle and heard the cannonading.
Across the border-land they came.
Pausing awhile at old Champlain
To taste the loaves so sweet and brown.
For which was famed that border town ;
— Mrs. Palmer.
1818 Bishop Hobart visited Oneida Castle, and con
firmed eight5'^-nine persons, who had been prepared
for that holy rite by Mr. WUHams. The Indians were
greatly impressed by the bishop,
SEPTEMBER 4
1775 Arrival of Gen, Schuyler at the sandy beach of
Isle La Motte, where the army under Montgomery
had been awaiting his coming since August 31. That
same night the army moved on towards Isle aux
Noix. On the night of August 30, Montgomery's
troops had encamped at the GilHland settlement and
Mr, Gilliland had furnished some of the boats for
transportation and had acted as guide for the army.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 281
1814 The enemy's guard is within eighteen miles from
us. Some of the bold and brave militia-men have
exchanged shots with them, — Eleazer Williams.
Thence onward marched o'er stream and lea.
Passing the town of old Chazy — — Mrs. Palmer.
" According to the best of my recollection, however, the
town (Plattsburgh) was deserted by the inhabitants on or about
the fourth of September, 1814." — Mrs. Davidson.
The main body of the invading army had indeed
reached Chazy and Lieut.-Col, AppUng, Capt, Safford
and Lieut. M. M. Standish with a troop of New York
State cavalry were sent out on the State road as an
advance guard, while Capt, Sproul, with two cannon
and 200 American soldiers went to defend Dead Creek
bridge. About 700 of the mihtia of Clinton and
Essex counties came pouring into Plattsburgh, in re
sponse to the caU of Gen, Mooers, and the Vermonters
raUied in great numbers under Gen. Strong, Early
in the moming the boys of Captain Aikin's company,
who, only the week before had been pupils in the
Academy, marched to West Chazy where they re
mained aU night,
1819 On Saturday at 11, P.M. the Phoenix left her
dock at Burlington, in command of Capt. Richard
W, Sherman, son of Capt. Jehaziel Sherman, the
regular captain. It was a clear moonhght evening
and the route lay near Rock and Appletree Points,
between Colchester reefs, on the west of Stave and
Providence Islands and east of Valcour and Crab
Islands. Among the passengers were George Bum-
ham, the Custom House Officer and John Howard,
on his way to Montreal with $8,000 as a special mes
senger from the Bank of BurHngton,

282 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
SEPTEMBER 5
It was a lovely day, and not withstanding the warlike
preparations, all nature wore the aspect of peace and tranquility.
The rich foliage of the landscape was in full beauty; the early
autumn shrubbery seemed the very perfection of nature.
— Mrs. Davidson.
1814 The British made their appearance at West
Chazy and Aiken's Volunteer Riflemen " gave a good
account of themselves by annoying the enemy from
behind stumps, fences, &c., and disputed the ground
with them all the way to Plattsburgh." That night,
the right wing of the British army under Col. WeUing
ton (a nephew of the Duke of WeUington) encamped
about two miles north of Beekmantown Comers, on
the farm of Miner Lewis. In Plattsburgh, Eleazer
Williams wrote: —
" A council of war was held last evening. My department
was again called upon to state the force of the enemy. Every
arrangement was made and settled how to receive him. All are
in activity — * * * quj- fleet in the bay are manoeuvering —
the gun-boats are exercising near the shores, in preparation to
annoy the enemy whenever he may approach and attack the
village. All are solemn — it cannot be otherwise — they (the
soldiers) are determined that Plattsburgh shall not be attacked or
surrendered, without the expense of British and American Blood.
At night, 13 o'clock. — The enemy are now at Douglas
Place, at the separation of the Lake and the Back Road, as it is
called."
1819 About I o'clock in the moming the pantry of the
Phoenix was discovered to be on fire by John Howard,
occupying an adjoining room. The flames soon reach
ing the engine in the centre of the boat cut off all
communication between the two ends. The starboard
boat with 20 passengers made for Providence Island
(the nearest land), but the larboard boat, the larger of
the two, was cut loose with but 14 passengers leaving
II to their fate. These sought escape on any floating

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 283
material. Five found a watery grave, among them
Mrs, Wilson of Charlotte, the stewardess, who had
remained to save others, and Harvy Blush, a deck
hand, whose parents erected a stone to his memory in
Elmwood cemetery, Burlington, to this day a pathetic
reminder of the disaster. Captain Sherman was the
last to leave the boat and was picked up near Stave
Island insensible. He, with John Howard, Harry
Thomas and Mrs. Wilson made heroic efforts to save
others. Early moming brought help from Burling
ton, Captains Robert and Lavater White, Dan Lyon
and Almas Truman, coming in their sloops,
1847 " The Lord's supper was postponed until the
first Sabbath of October, on account of the fiftieth
anniversary of the foundation of the Church falling
on Friday the ist of that month,"
— Sessional Records, Presbyterian Church, Plattsburgh.
SEPTEMBER 6
Then straight their onward way led down
The country roads of Beekmantown.
But here their sanguine march is staid;
A saddening spell is on them laid —
^ :f: :f: H< :{: Hi
They tread with saddened step and slow
As on they bear the lifeless clay —
As Wellington, they bear, with solemn tread.
The first of their lamented dead.
****** Later, not many miles away,
Upon that fateful auttunn day.
The waiting batteries ambushed lay
Masked by Wool's band of infantry.
And as the English onward come
" They cut a narrow, bloody lane; " —
Thrice flashed the guns — ^but no avail —
The surging masses now prevail. — Mrs. Palmer.

284 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1814 About noon the British army reached Plattsburgh
and took possession of the village north of the Sara
nac, Their right wing, under Col, WeUington, had
been only temporarily checked by the loss of their
leader at Culver Hill and the skirmish which had
preceded that, near Beekmantown comers, and later,
at Halsey's Corners, Meanwhile the left wing had
been somewhat delayed by obstructions placed in
the road, by an encounter at Dead Creek bridge and
by firing from the American gun boats at the mouth
of the Creek, Overwhelmed, however, by the im
mense number of the enemy, the defenders had
retreated in good order to their works on the east side
of the river, pulling up the planks of the bridge,
Prevost chose for his headquarters the 'Thomas
Allen farm, on the hill west of the vUlage, from the
summit of which the British commander could over
look the lake and watch for the appearance of his
fleet. His troops encamped on the high ground in the
vicinity , now known as Prospect Heights, Lieut, Gen,
de Rottenburgh, second in command, established him
self west of Prevost, towards Hammond hill, with
Gen, Powers and his command opposite on the south
side of the road, but further west. Maj. Gen. Robert
son was at the Isaac Piatt farm, where the dead and
wounded of the recent engagements had been carried,
Brisbane was at the Boynton farm, then occupied by
Samuel Lowell and the Qr. Master General took pos
session of the Capt. Nathaniel Piatt homestead,
where that patriot still remained, although the Bailey
family had retired to the " Union." at Peru,
1830 Trinity Episcopal church, the only church of
that denomination on the westem side of the lake,
was incorporated. James Bailey and Frederick L,
C, Sailley were the flrst wardens ; St, John B. L, Skin
ner, Samuel Beaumont, WiUiam F, Haile, WUHam F.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 285
Halsey, Samuel Emery, George Marsh, John Palmer
and John Lynde, the vestrymen. Few of the early
pioneers now remained.
A few months later an Episcopal Society was
organized at Burlington and during the year a Catho
lic missionary was sent to Burlington, which was then
included in the Diocese of Boston.
1838 The wedding day of Peter SaUly Palmer and
Margaret Smith, daughter of Capt. Sidney Smith,
U. S. N. The groom was already in possession of a
good practice in Michigan, whither they went, re
tuming in a few years to Plattsburgh where they
remained through Hfe.
1901 The news of the attempted assassination of
President McKinley reached Isle Le Motte by tele
phone at 5.30. Here, on the beautiful grounds of
ex-Lieut. Gov, Fisk, the Vermont Fish and Game
League was holding a summer meeting. When
Senator Redfield Proctor by request announced the
shocking tidings to the thousand people assembled,
many men and women burst into tears, Vice-Presi
dent Roosevelt, an honored guest, was at once taken
to BurHngton on Dr, Webb's beautiful yacht Elfrida
whence, at midnight, he was on his way via Grand
Isle cotmty's new railroad in the private car of
President Clement, SEPTEMBER 7
1760 The troops under Murray were disembarked
upon the island of Montreal,
1766 — ^took an observation by the sun at Crown
Point (which was afterwards corroborated by a noc
turnal observation) and found it to be Latd 44° i' 20";
after dinner embarked for home in my Bateau; the

286 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
(3k)vemors and other gentlemen embarking before
dinner, in the sloop. Overtook them at Button
Mould Bay and went aboard the sloop, where dinner
being just served up, I dined with them; there being
Httle or no wind, tarried with them 4 or 5 hours, and
then pushed off in my boat for home, where I arrived
about one in the moming, found aU well. — Gilliland.
1776 Arnold's fleet was anchored off Isle La Motte
from this date to the 17th,
1842 The Champlain Academy opened with Mr,
Azariah Hyde as principal and Miss Frances Lynde
" in charge of the female department." The building
was erected the same year, Silas HubbeU, Noadiah
Moore, Nathan WeUs, Jabez Fitch, J, M, Burrows, J,
C. HubbeU, Robert Stetson, Lovel Dunning, Joel
Savage, D. C. Hitchcock, Ezekiel Brisbane and D, T,
Moore were the first trustees,
1907 The members of the two commissions, including
the Govemor of New York, the Govemor of Vermont,
and a few guests, left Hotel Champlain in the mom
ing on two yachts, Valcour Island first claimed their
attention and then, passing northward, they reached
in turn Crab Island, Cumberland Bay, Cumberland
Head, Point au Fer, Windmill Point, and " made
their first landing at Sandy Point, on Isle la Motte
the site of the first French settlement in the VaUey,'
Here, the commissioners dined at the home of Hon
Nelson W, Fisk, thence going to BurHngton where
the remainder of the day was spent.
1909 Acceptance of a deed from the Hon. J, B, Riley
conveying to the city of Plattsburgh, a plot of land
for a public street running north from Riley to Boyn
ton avenue, about 305 feet east of Oak street, to be
named " Lozier Place,"

PHOTOGRAPH BY C. L. BAKER
CUMBERLAND HEAD, GRAND ISLE AND CRAB ISLAND FROM HOTEL CHAMPLAIN

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 287
SEPTEMBER 8
1687 Gov, Dongan, of New York, in a letter to the
king, proposed to build a fort at Corlear 's Lake (Lake
Champlain), at the pass in the lake 150 miles north
from Albany (Chimney Point). Corlear, in whose
honor the EngHsh and Dutch named the lake, had
been very kind to captive French and had ransomed
them from the Mohawks and retumed them to Canada.
He was drowned in the lake a Httle north of Otter
Creek, on his way to visit CourceUes in Canada.
1755 Dieskau with a force of 1,200 Indians and Cana
dians defeats 1,000 Provincials under Col. Ephraim
WUHams, who is kiUed, while his faithful ally,
Hendrick, the Mohawk sachem, is mortally wounded.
Later, Dieskau himself is wounded, defeated and
taken prisoner by the Provincials under Lyman, the
successor of the wounded Johnson. Johnson wasted
the rest of the season in building Fort William Henry,
a pile of wooden barracks.
1760 Murray's army encamped northeast of Montreal
and Haviland arrived with his command from Lake
Champlain on the same day. There was now a force
of 16,000 men assembled under the walls of the de
fenseless city, and the same day " the Marquis de
Vaudreuil signed the capitulation which severed
Canada from France forever."
1767 Died near Paris, on the anniversary of his defeat
and capture by the EngHsh at Lake George twelve
years before, Ludwig August Dieskau, a German
general in the service of France.
1814 The Vermont mUitia have begun to come. Cap
tain Farsworth, of St. Albans, with his rifle company.

288 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
ninety-six strong, have just arrived. This is a fine
and noble corps.
Evening. — (jenerals Macomb and Mooers, and
Commodore Macdonough were together this evening,
in consultation, the result of which is that I am once
more compelled to put the whole corps of Rangers in
motion, — Williams.
1828 Margaret Griffin, daughter of Jonathan Griffin,
and a student at the Academy, died. The following
is an extract from a poem written at the time, sup
posedly by little Margaret Davidson, then only 7 or
8 years old, TO MARGARET.
And is it thus — and is it thus.
We're doomed thy sainted form to see?
Oh! desolating thought for us,
Oh! sweet and blessed sleep for thee.
Not long ago, thy blue eyes met
The fading sun when evening spread,
Its lines of light; —
******
The autvunnal flowers look smiling on.
There's life and joy in field and wood;
Yet she who waked their smiles is gone;
We wander forth in solitude.
1 84 1 Mr, Charles T. Piatt was promoted to commander.
Since he became a lieutenant in 1820, he has been on
duty on the Guerierre, the Shark, with Commodore
Porter on the Beagle; then on the Java, and lastly,
on the St. Louis. In 1838 he was engaged on the
light-house service,
1907 Members of the commission went by steamer to
Crown Point, where they found, " in a most interest
ing state of preservation, not only the ruins of British

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 289
mihtary constructions, but of the earlier French out
Hnes." This site is now the property of Mr. Fred
Nadeau, At Ticonderoga, visited later, interesting
ruins reminding one of French, EngHsh and American
occupation, are found. Since 181 8, this territory,
including some five hundred acres with the mins and
fortifications, have been in the Pell family, Mr, WU
Ham Pell having purchased the site from Columbia
and Union Colleges, SEPTEMBER 9
1766 — ^mustered up all my men and set out, all being
armed for my lower tract opposite Isle Valcour, in
order to build a possession house, at the River St.
Aranack, or Cragan river) and to oppose Mr, Freden
burgh, should he attempt to make encroachments
there; arrived there this evening, — Gilliland.
1814 Prevost was now busily engaged in bringing up
his battering trains and supplies; erecting batteries
and otherwise preparing for the siege. The Americans
had already bumed fifteen or sixteen buUdings on
the north side of the river which afforded protection
to the enemy ; also, their own barracks and hospitals
near the forts, while their sick and convalescent
had been removed to Crab Island, where those who
were able manned a battery mounting two six pound
ers. Skirmishes with the enemy at the two bridges
and at the different forts along the river were fre
quent. During the day, Allen, Travis and Williams
of Aiken's Volunteers came near being captured or
kiUed by a guard of the enemy, while securing sup
plies from a bam within the enemy's lines. That
night was dark and stormy. WiUiams says: —
" A corps of the regular troops, under Captain MacGlassin,
about 1 1 o'clock, crossed the Saranac, and stormed, at the point

290 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
of the bayonet, a bomb-battery of the enemy, near Weight's
printing office. My brother John was the leader of this detach
ment, and was the cause of the death of the engineer of the battery.
Having accomplished the duty assigned them, they retumed to
the forts whence they had issued, with honor and victory,"
1829 WUHam Thome, from whom Thome's Comers
is named, died, aged 60, He was from England
originally, but came to Plattsburgh with Dr. John
Miller, whose wife's niece, Susan Mitchell, he had
married in Poughkeepsie. Her sister Sally married
a Dorland of Troy, for years proprietor of the Mansion
House in that city. Another sister, Margaret, was
the wife of Isaac Smith of Federal Stores on the Hud
son. Mrs, Thome survived until AprU 20, 1859,
reaching the age of 88, She was buried beside her
husband in the cemetery at West Plattsburgh.
SEPTEMBER 10
The waves of the lake were laving the variegated shrubbery
which adorned its banks. The beautiful islands were peacefully
reclining upon its bosom, and the blue mountains rising in grand
succession beyond, lent a degree of sublimity to the scene.
— Mrs. Davidson.
1766 — this morning set four hands about buUding
the house whUst myself with the others, proceeded to
the Congress, for setthng the Latd at Wind MiU
Point, having brought 3 shoats, some sahnon and a
fat calf for the (jovemors, who thankfuUy received
them, being almost out of fresh provisions; arrived
at the Congress this evening pretty late, — GiUiland.
1787 The Commissioners of the Land Office passed an
order, setting apart a large tract of land for those
refugees from Canada and Nova Scotia, who, during
the Revolution, had sided with the United States,
and had now estabhshed themselves on the shore of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 291
Lake Champlain, mostly in Chazy and Champlain,
to escape British persecution. Gen. Moses Hazen,
who had been in command of the regiment to which
most of those patriots had belonged, settled at Point
Au Roche (now Beekmantown) but then (1786)
known as Hazenburgh. Among these refugees were
Col, Edward Antill, County Judge in 1789, Capt,
Antoine PauHnte, Lieuts. Alex. Friot, Francis Monty,
Andre Pepin, Louis Gosselin, Amable Boilleau,
Francis Wilmot, McPherson, and Theodore Chartier,
an Indian interpreter, Pierre Ayotte, John Baptiste
La Frombois and many others,
1813 Col, James Bellows, a soldier in the Revolution
under Arnold at Saratoga and in other battles ¦ of
that campaign, died in Fairfax, Vt,, to which he had
removed from Hartford, Conn, The same day at
Robinson's Inn, Chazy, was born the first child of
Lewis S, and Hannah (Eldred) Robinson — a boy —
named a few days later by Eleazer Williams (who
chanced to come to the house to communicate with
his Rangers) for himself, Eleazer WilHams Robinson,
promising that the child should share his gold.
1814 The entire British fleet was now anchored off
the south end of Isle La Motte, where the gun-boats,
under Capt, Pring, had been since the 7th, Com.
Downie arrived the 8th and the British officers now
took possession of the stone house built by Samuel
Fisk, StiU standing, Macdonough's fleet had been
anchored a little north of Blanchard's Point previous
to the first of the month, but soundings made with
reference to an engagement there proving unsatis
factory, the fleet had withdrawn to Cumberland Bay.
1833 At the Phoenix Hotel, WhitehaU, a meeting of
delegates from CHnton, Essex and Washington

292 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
counties was held for the purpose of " dehberating
upon the propriety of petitioning the Legislature for
aid in opening a road (not a railroad) on the westem
margin of Lake Champlain, leading from WhitehaU
to the Canada line," It was resolved to petition the
Legislature, The chairman of the meeting was
Melancton Wheeler with Richard D, Arthur and D,
B, McNeil, Secretaries, SEPTEMBER 11
1783 Mr, Mooers had now cleared up a smaU field
near his house, which he sowed to wheat and turnips,
1803 Birth of Samuel Boardman, youngest son of
Hezekiah, a brother of Benjamin, Samuel became
a merchant and built the sandbar bridge from Milton
to Grand Isle, Vt, He died in 1853.
At early mom in Cumberland Bay,
Four gallant ships at anchor lay.
The Saratoga, the Eagle grey,
Preble and Ticonderoga they
And now along the western shore
Slowly saU down as many more.
The Confiance the Linnet gay,
The Finch, the Chubb that day
Destined to be the Eagle's prey.
1814 A few minutes before 9, Downie gave the signal
for the squadron to advance. In the momentary
hush before the battle, Macdonough with his officers
about him, knelt upon the deck of his flagship and
'repeated the prayer appointed by the Church to be
said before a fight at sea, A moment more and the
carnage had begun. Downie fell early in the fight
but the battle raged for two hours and twenty
minutes, when the British colors were hauled
down.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

293

HnSa H
cu(A« o
(to ns-H
¦< D<tu Otd
kJ HH
<! nH »
S B
O¦«! OZH
.J¦«!>•A

294 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
The veterans from Trafalgar
Declared thai naught but mimic war
Compared with this, which left no spar
" But splints for matches;" naught but rags
For proudly waving battle flags.
One out of seven, who fought that day
Dying, or dead, or wounded lay,
Stansbury, Carter, Banks, of ours
And Gamble fell, wrecked by the showers
Of iron hail; and there all pale
Lay Downie, Jackson, Gimn and Paul
And Anderson; brave foeman all. — Mrs. Palmer.
Macdonough wrote to the Hon, W. Jones, Sec.
of the Navy, — " The Almighty has been pleased to
grant us a signal victory on Lake Champlain in the
capture of one frigate, one brig and two sloops of
war of the enemy,"
At the beginning of the battle on the bay, the
enemy had opened his batteries on our forts and the
fighting continued in different quarters nearly aU
day. But as night fell no time was lost by the van
quished foe in making their escape as best they could
over the muddy and nearly impassable roads north
ward.
1843 The Anniversary of the battle of Plattsburgh
was celebrated in an appropriate manner by the Clin
ton County Military Association and the citizens of
Plattsburgh and vicinity. General Wool and suite,
with others who were in the Battle were present by
special invitation. At lo o'clock the procession
formed at Fouquet's hotel with Gen, C. Halsey, as
Chief Marshal, assisted by Messrs, C, S, Mooers, G,
W, Palmer, and R. G, Stone, escorted by the U. S.
Troops then at this post, under command of Capt,
C. A. Waite, and moved to the Park in front of the

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 295
Court House, where Col. A, C, Moore deHvered a
patriotic address.
At the cemetery, the Troops and Military Associ
ation formed a square around the unmarked graves
of those who fell in the battle. After prayer by Dr,
Witherspoon and an address by Gen, Skinner, Col.
McNeU, the president of the day, introduced in turn
Gen. Wool, Judge Wm. Haile, Colonels Miller and
Manly, Maj, Gen, Skinner, and Piatt R. Halstead
and Springer, both late Heutenants of the U. S. Army,
each of whom erected at the graves assigned to them,
the marble monuments provided by the Association,
Dr, Witherspoon dismissed the assembly with a
benediction and the procession retumed to the hotel,
where dinner was served, followed by speeches and
toasts. Brig.-general Wool, U, S. Army, — The Hero of Beekman
town as well as Queenstown — " His laurels are green, though
his locks are gray." — Toast offered by General Skinner.
1874 On the anniversary of the battle of Plattsburgh,
in which he had participated, the Hon. Bela Edger
ton, died at the home of his eldest son, the Hon,
Alfred P, Edgerton of Fort Wayne, Ind. He had
Hved through the administrations of the Presidents
from Washington to Grant surviving the wife of his
youth thirty years, Joseph K, Edgerton of Fort
Wayne and Lycurgus Edgerton of New York city
were their sons and the late Mrs, Phebe Barnes of
Plattsburgh, widow of Dr, M. A. Barnes of Schuyler
FaUs, their daughter,
1909 Saranac Chapter was entertained at luncheon by
Mrs, George Smith of KeeseviUe, To this same house
which he had just built, Reuben Hayes brought his
bride, Elsie Fuller (daughter of the Revolutionary
soldier, Ignatius Fuller of Salem, Mass,) in 1828.

296 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
This too, was the home of Judge Fisk, where Presi
dent Van Buren was given a reception, and later,
Daniel Dodge made it his home. After the luncheon,
anecdotes of the battle connected with their ancestors
were told by members of the chapter.

SEPTEMBER 12
Ho for the bending sheaves.
Ho for the crimson leaves
Flaming in splendor! — Buckham.
1756 We have learned that a party of English Indians,
having been discovered at Point Sque8onton (Cum
berland Head), in Lake Champlain, was pursued;
two Englishmen had been taken and conveyed to
Carillon; the others escaped. — Paris Documents.
1 765 — this day with all the above mentioned (mowers,
haymakers and road clearers) retumed from the
meadows, having finished the making of the com
pany's hay, it being put up in tramp cocks. — GiUiland.
1766 — went to River La Cole, and settled with
Eliakim Ayers, George Hicks, John King, Moses
Dixon and Martin Taylor, who acknowledge their
account, by me exhibited in the presence of their
overseer, Mr. Alvis. — Idem.
1792 Sophia Moore, daughter of Judge Moore, was
born in Champlain. Her sister Anna, two years
older, was the first child born of American parents in
the town. For his daughters. Judge Moore, in 1810
or 1 81 1, bought the first piano — in the form of a
harpsichord, Sophia married Thomas Whiteside,
Supervisor, 181 7-1 820; 182 2-1 631, It was to visit

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 297
Mrs, Whiteside that Margaret O, Savage, daughter
of James Savage of Chatham, first came to Lake
Champlain,
1807 Judge Zephaniah Piatt, the patroon of Platts
burgh, died in his homestead overlooking the lake.
His remains were placed in the family burial ground
near by, whence, on the laying out of Jay street in
1 81 1 , they were removed to the village cemetery. As
a landowner. Judge Piatt was pre-eminent, having
large holdings in Dutchess, Herkimer, Tioga, Oneida,
Warren, Essex, Franklin and Clinton counties, one
purchase alone in Tioga amounting to 5,000 acres
and his property in CHnton county aggregating
117,760 acres, AU this was scrupulously divided
among his surviving children,
" Through the course of a long and active life, which I can
truly say has had the welfare of my country and my children for
its chief object, I have had my eyes fixed on the mutability to
which ever)rthing is subject."
— Judge Zephaniah Piatt to his oldest son.
1814 Commodore Macdonough caused the wounded
to be removed to his own hospital on Crab Island
and there, south of the hospital tents, the dead of
both armies were buried in trenches together. The
same day the Vermont volunteers returned home,
SEPTEMBER 13
1 766 — finding the weather continue rainy and cloudy
and that there was no likelihood of the latitude being
soon determined, and Mrs, Gilliland being past her
reckoning, took my leave of the Governor, who
promised me his friendship, and that he would visit
us on his retum, and pushed off for Cragen river where
arrived late this night, raised all the men to hang a

298 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
door on the house, and fasten, which they did, and
thereby finished it. — Gilliland.
1814 The New York militia were disbanded and the
most severely wounded of the enemy were paroled
and sent to the English hospital at Isle aux Noix.
This day the body of Lieut, Stansbury, who mysteri
ously disappeared from the Ticonderoga during the
action, rose to the surface of the water, and was
found to have been " cut in two with a round shot."
He was a son of Gen, T, E, Stansbury.
1842 At KeeseviUe, under the weight and measured
tread of a company of soldiers attending a " general
muster " of a battalion of the State militia, the new
suspension bridge, nearly finished, gave way precipi
tating spectators and soldiers into the raging waters
beneath. Nine persons lost their lives, among them,
two little friends, eight-year-old sons of Martin Pope
and Richard Peabody. The bodies were found the
next spring near the lake and were laid in one grave.
ONLY A STEP,
Only a step between life and death —
Length of a heartbeat, span of a breath:
Think of it, soul — ^but an instant's flight
From here and now to the judgment light :
— Buckham.
1888 Death of the Hon. Ira HiU of Isle La Motte, who
had lived in the administration of every President of
the United States to that of McKinley, As a very
young man he had witnessed the murder of his father
and had himself barely escaped at the hands of a
band of desperadoes from the American fleet who
afterwards fled the country. A few days before the
battle he was apprehended and brought before Capt,
Pring who tried to induce him to sign a paper of al-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 299
legiance to His Majesty and also to reveal the place
of concealment of some munitions of war belonging to
Vermont miUtia but HiU, by playing the fool and
being very youthful in appearance, escaped. He
afterwards crossed the lake and made his way three
miles back, securing intelligence from the enemy for
his Col, (Mix),

SEPTEMBER 14
1766 Mr. GiUUand arrived at Willsborough in the
aftemoon with a birch canoe found on Cumberland
Head,
1814 The remains of the lamented Gamble, Stansbury,
Carter and Barron were placed in separate boats,
manned by crews from their respective vessels. The
sad procession then moved to the Confiance, where
the British officers joined them with their dead.
At the lakeshore the funeral party was met by a large
concourse of soldiers and civilians and, as the proces
sion slowly wended its way to the vUlage cemetery,
minute guns were fired from the fort. In the centre
of that peaceful spot, friend and foe were laid to rest,
the flags for which each had fought, furnishing a pall.
SEPTEMBER 15
1756 " Our 6 regiments are at present arrived at Caril
lon with 1,000 to 1,200 Colonial troops, 300 Canadians
and nearly 700 Indians, and should the enemy set out
to attack us, 2,000 Regulars and Canadians will, on
the first signal, be commanded to repair to St. John,
where bateaux wiU be in readiness to transport them.
* * From Fort Chambly the portage is
made with carts about 30 arpents, and thence in
bateaux to St. John— * * Fort Carillon

300 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
is completed; it is represented as a great affair and
capable of being rendered bomb-proof; 'tis provided
with 30 pieces of cannon and a year's provisions for
a garrison of 1,000 men. — Paris Doc.
1757 Birth of Nathan Beman, son of Samuel Beman of
or Simsbury, Conn. He removed with his father's family
'59 to Shoreham, Vt. and after the war Hved in Ferris
burgh for a time before coming to Chateaugay.
1 775 WUHam A. Griswold was bom at New Marlboro,
Mass. whence, at the age of ten he removed with his
father's family to Bennington. After graduation
from Dartmouth College, he established himself as a
lawyer at Danville, Vt. and soon acquired a large
practice. In 1807 he was elected to the legislature
and warmly supported the bill for the establishment
of a state prison, urging the abandonment of the
branding iron, pillory and whipping post. He was
also an active supporter of the war (1813 and 1814),
In 1 841, he was elected to the legislature from Bur
lington to which he had removed and where he re
mained until his death in 1846.
1814 The English prisoners who were able, left Platts
burgh for Greenbush, N. Y. by steamboat in charge
of Capt. White Youngs.
1898 Return to Plattsburgh Barracks of the remnant
of the gaUant 21st U. S. infantry and arrival of a
large number of convalescents from other regiments.
For the first the citizens furnished a dinner on their
arrival and, with the help of individuals and other
chapters and societies, Saranac Chapter for the sick
provided soup, delicacies, home made bread, and
the services of a trained nurse in the weeks that
foUowed.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 301
SEPTEMBER 16
1775 General Schuyler still suffering from the results
of a bUious fever and rheumatism, was obliged to
give up all thought of leading the invasion into Canada
and in a covered boat set out for Ticonderoga, about
an hour from Isle aux Noix, meeting with Warner
and 170 Green Moimtain Boys,
1810 Death, at the residence of Col, Hawkins, agent
for Indian Affairs in the Creek department, Crawford
county, Greorgia, of the Rev, Ichabod Ebenezer Fisk
of Isle La Motte. He was buried on the east side of
the Flint river near the old agency. OriginaUy from
MUford, Conn, and a graduate of Yale, 1770, Mr.
Fisk went from Poultney, Vt. to Isle La Motte in
1788 as a yotmg surveyor. For his services he re
ceived 100 acres of land still in the hands of his
descendants. He taught the first school on the Island
before 1802, was ordained a minister in the P. E.
church and was the author of an English grammar in
verse. His wife, Eleanor (Roberts) Fisk died the
preceding year and was buried on the Island,
1812 Macdonough, after a four days' joumey on
horseback, attended only by a boy who was to return
the horse, arrived at Burlington,
Eleazer WiUiams returns to Plattsburgh after a
trip to Chateaugay, Turner's Inn and French Mills
(where he had a secret conference with the Indian
chiefs whom he harangued and to whom he gave
money, obtaining promises of adherence to the Ameri
can cause). On his retum he despatched a confiden
tial messenger to Sault St. Louis and had a conference
with Gen. Bloomfield in which " we agreed that if we
can bring them (the British Indians) over to the
American side, it is proper and justifiable,"

302 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1865 Paul Marshall, a native of Hinesburgh, Vt., died
at Plattsburgh, where he had carried on a large
mercantile business for many years. His old home
on Cornelia street, of cut limestone and several busi
ness blocks of the same stone, still stand, reminding
one of his extensive real estate holdings. WhUe
young, he settled in Beekmantown with his father
and there engaged in the tanning business, continu
ing the same after his removal to Plattsburgh.

TRUMAN DE FORRIS, M. D.

1877 Death of Dr. Tmman DeForris at the age of 76,
one of the oldest and best beloved physicians of
Plattsburgh. He was largely instmmental in the
formation of the Northern New York Medical Associa
tion, at one time serving as President. He was also
a member of the CHnton County Medical Society.
The saddle-bags used by him in the early days of his
practice are still preserved and contain medicines

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 303
compounded more than eighty years ago. The M. E,
church at South Plattsburgh was organized as a result
of the Sunday-school which he started there and he
never aUowed his large practice to interfere with his
church obligations, . From his wedding day he was
strictly a total abstinence man.
SEPTEMBER 17
The leaves along the path are strewn.
Or through the still air flicker down. — Buckham.
1755 " At evening," Rogers " discovered the wheat-
fields, and four houses, about two miles south of
Crown Point Fort," He went into the intrench-
ments where he remained concealed until morning,
when he cHmbed the mountain, a mile west of the fort ,
from which he could see the fort and everything con
nected with it, among other sights, a windmUl and
tents; also, the exercising of about 600 soldiers,
1768 Birth in Preston, Conn,, of Benjamin, son of
Joseph and Rachel (Killam) Boardman, Benjamin,
seeing from the increased immigration to the Cham
plain VaUey that a necessity for better boats would
arise, in 1788 came from Norwich, Conn,, bringing
with him a skiUed boat-buUder, Daniel Wilcox by
name. The boats built by Wilcox were of a superior
model and his services were at once in great demand.
Boardman's wife was Sabra Brown and they had
twelve chUdren. The father died in Colchester, Vt.
in 1823 and his widow, some years later.
1862 The battle of Antietam. In the moming, as
Lieut.-Col. John Stetson of the 5 9th New York
(formerly captain of Company E, i6th N. Y.) with
his regiment was leaving the field in obedience to

304 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
the orders of Gen. Sumner, he was shot through the
body, his remains being left in the hands of the enemy
until the 19th, when they were found and buried by
Maj. Frank Palmer, his fellow townsman and friend.
"Rally on your colors." — The last words of Col. Stetson.
1863 At Burlington, " in the home which he had buUt,
under the shadow of the trees which his own hand
had reared" within sight of the University where the
main work of his life had been done, "and directly
facing that magnificent scenery of lake, mountain
and sky " so dear to him, Calvin Pease, D.D. " died
as a good man dies, thinking of his personal relations
to his Savior, of his family, and of the precious souls
committed to his charge as pastor."
1909 Vermont Fish and Game League held their
annual meeting and banquet at Hotel Champlain,
Vice-President Sherman and United States Supreme
Court Justice Brewer being special guests of honor,
SEPTEMBER 18
Nature has already begun her marvelous frescoing and tesse-
lating process in the leaves of the trees and the herbage of meadow
and marshes. — Buckham.
1765 — employed Wm, Lawson, mason, to build a
double chimney in my house at MUltown. — Gilliland.
1766 — ^brought a cock of hay from south meadow,
the first this season; this day G, Belton moved to
his house at Cloven Rock, — Idem.
1775 Montgomery had a slight skirmish with the
enemy and later, " formed an entrenched camp at
the junction of the roads leading from Montreal and
Chambly,"

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 305
1810 Death of Corneha Haring, wife of Col, Mel
ancton Smith and daughter of Dr, Gardner Jones of
New York, For his young wife Col, Smith had
named the new street running west from Margaret,
Cornelia, and Elizabeth street for his sister EHzabeth.
SEPTEMBER 19
Take a single autumn leaf — the first red oriflamme of this
maple, for instance — and study the texture of the coloring —
— Buckham.
1677 Quentin StockweU, while re-building his house
bumed by Indians the year before, was seized and
carried, with 17 others, captive to Canada, At
Chambly, they were kindly treated by the French
who gave them hasty-pudding and milk with brandy
and bathed their frozen Hmbs, From Sorel they were
scattered among the Indians but the next year, aU
but three were redeemed, StockweU, in 1679, re-
removed from Hatfield to Suffield, Conn.
1765 — set out on a survey, and layed out the follow
ing lots of land between the Bouquet river, and Cloven
rock, and adjoining the lake. — Gilliland.
1776 Arnold removed his fleet from Isle La Motte to
Bay St. Amand, WhUe on the way, the schooner
Liberty was hailed by a Canadian on the shore who
asked to be taken aboard, Capt, Premier, fearing
aU was not right, ordered his men to go with a boat
but to keep her swivels pointed and matches'ready to
fire if necessary. The man faiHng to decoy the boat's
crew, made a signal which brought from concealment
some 300 Canadians and Indians, who fired upon the
crew and wounded three. The fire was returned
from boat and schooner, apparently with effect as the
party retreated.

306 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1811 Sloop Essex, Anthony Rock, Abraham Walters,
Joseph Barron, Levy Nichols, masters, made her
sixth and last trip for the season,
1816 Mr, Young of Albany opened a Lancasterian
school in the Academy in addition to the one com
menced the preceding July by Mr, Spencer WaU, for
whom Wall street is named. The trustees that year
were Nathan Hewitt, M, L, Woolsey, Wm. Swetland,
J, Lynde, E, Miller, S, Moore, and John MUler, The
same day the remains of Lieut. George W. Runk, so
severely wounded during the siege of Plattsburgh,
while passing Macomb's headquarters, that he died
the next day (Sept. 8), were removed from Crab
Island, their first burial place, to the viUage cemetery.
1888 At "Rock Point," a handsome stone building for
a girls' school was consecrated and continued in use
until June, 1899 when it was closed for want of funds
to maintain it properly.
— The eye along this shore.
May gaze entranced, nor covet more;
— Charles Louis Heyde, poet-artist of Burlington.

SEPTEMBER 20
So, I think, we shall be justified in leaving our notebooks
at home in September, ajid just abandoning ourselves to the
infiuence of nature upon the spirit, — Buckham.
1766 — ^this day Sr, Henry Moore, Col, Reid, PhiHp
Schuyler, Robert Harper and Adolphus Benzel, Esq's,
caUed and drank tea, &c,, with us on their retum
from Astronomer's Island, having completed their
observation to satisfaction, and fixed the Hne about
3 miles to the northward of Wind Mill Point. This
day George Belton sowed his first wheat. — Gilliland.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 307
1814 At Hampton, Washington Co., whither his
father's family had moved because of the anticipated
invasion, was born Peter SaUly Palmer, named for
his maternal grandfather. The home in Plattsburgh
stood just west of a ravine, through which the railroad
now passes (No, 2 Cornelia street). Young Palmer
received his education at Plattsburgh Academy,
studied law with Judge WiUiam F. Haile and in the
office of McKown and John Van Buren of Albany,
and was admitted to the Supreme Court and Court of
Chancery in 1 83 6, With the exception of a few years '
absence in Michigan, his Hfe work was done in Platts
burgh, to the interests of which he was ever faithful,
1868 While performing the duty of a surgeon in an
expedition against the Indians under Col. Forsythe,
John Henry Mooers, M.D. was killed. His father,
Dr, Benj, J, Mooers, was engaged in the same work
at the battle of Plattsburgh,
1877 Capt. John Boynton died in Plattsburgh, where
he had settled about 1820. As early as 1806 he was
engaged in sailing on the lake and later was the
buUder and owner of many vessels, some of which
played a very important part in the war of 181 2. At
the commencement of hostilities Capt. Boynton had
one vessel afloat and a second just finished, both of
which were "seized" and purchased by the govemment,
afterwards equipped and added to Macdonough's
fleet.
SEPTEMBER 21
Fly on, aerial Fancy! fly
Back, back through many an age.
To scenes which long have glided by.
Untold on history's page. — Margaret Davidson.
1714 Arrival at Boston of Capt. Thomas Baker and
Christine (formerly Margaret Otis) Le Bue, who, as a

3o8 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
baby had been taken captive with her mother Grizel
(Warren) Otis, when Cocheco (Dover) was attacked
by Indians,
1750 (0,S,) Sarah Keese, daughter of John Keese of
Flushing, L, I, and later of Nine Partners meeting
was born. She married Joseph Thorne,
1755 Isaac, son of Benjamin and Comfort (Thompson)
Kellogg, was bom at Canaan, Conn. As a prisoner
of War at Quebec, he escaped in the dead of winter
through a trackless wildemess to BurHngton, After
the war he became an early settler in that part of
Crown Point which is now Ticonderoga, serving as
first State Senator (from Essex County) of the then
Eastern District of the State, From 1802 to 1818 he'
was Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Essex
County and was also a Captain of MUitia. At his
death, Sept. 7, 1827, his wrists stiU bore the scars
caused by the irons placed there by his British captors.
His three children died young,
1766 Jane WUlsborough GUHland, was bom this even
ing between 8 and 9 o'clock; * * Capt.
Wharton being then here — Gilliland.
1776 Arnold wrote to Gates of the affair at Bay St.
Amand.
SEPTEMBER 22
And all the fields were golden.
And all the woods were gold,
For Gk)d hath scattered treasures
From riches manifold.
— Minnie E. Hayes, Mooers Forks,
'1814 The paroled British prisoners arrived at Green-
bush.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 309
1894 Dedication at Culver HUl of the first monument
erected as a memorial of the British invasion of 1814,
After the removal of the U, S, flag with which the shaft
was draped by Miss Helen D, Woodward of Platts
burgh and Miss JuHa G, Howe of Beekmantown, both
descendants of men who fought in the battle of Platts
burgh, Dr, D. S, Kellogg, President of the Platts
burgh Institute, the society erecting the memorial,
introduced the Hon, G. C, Benedict of Burlington,
the orator of the day.
" As Culver HUl skirmish was only a forerunner of the great
and decisive battle five days later, so Culver Hill monument is
only an outline of the grand shaft which this great and rich
Govemment will surely raise in due time at Plattsburgh, on the
shore of Lake Champlain, less than five miles from the Battle of
Valcour, Oct. 11, 1776, and less than two mUes from the Battle.of
Plattsburgh, Sept. 11, 1814 — the first and last battles of the
United States with the " Mother Country." —
— Speech of Mr. Benedict on that occasion.
SEPTEMBER 23
But some things. Brothers, little change:
That silver lake is all the same.
And lofty mountain range
Unaltered since the white man came
And shared its solitude
With Indian rude. — Rev. O. G. Wheeler.
ni6 Arnold, having found the anchorage of the chan
nel between Valcour Island and the main land " ex
ceedingly fine and secure," moved his fleet there and
was, in a few days, joined by Capt, Warner of the gal
ley Trumbull.
1814 At three o'clock p, m,, a naval dinner at Green's
hotel was tendered Commodore Macdonough by the
grateful citizens of Plattsburgh, The Commodore, ac
companied by Generals Macomb and Mooers, and

3IO Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
officers of the army and navy then present, was
escorted from Macomb's quarters to the hotel by the
president and vice-president of the day (Peter SaiUy,
Esq, and the Hon, William BaUey) ; the Hon, Henry
Delord, and John Warford, Lewis Ransom and WU
Ham Swetland, Esqrs., the committee of arrange
ments ; the judge and sheriff of the county and other
prominent citizens. On the way a national salute
was given and after the cloth was removed, many
toasts were drunk amid the booming of cannon and
strains of martial music furnished by Macomb's band.
"OUR COUNTRY — May she be the first and greatest ob
ject of our concern — for her sake let honor be given to her heroes
and defenders" — First toast of the hour.
1816 I ' Nicholas Barker, a Friend of Peru, before Reuben
H, Walworth, J, P,, claimed damages for the impress
ment of one sleigh and harness, while he was attend
ing church in Peru " some time in March, 1813."
1826 Elder John G, FreHgh died at his home on the
east side of Peru street, next the Mooers house and
opposite the old home of Dr, Herrick. This FreHgh
house was built and first occupied by Noah Broad
weU, In 181 7, " Squire " Freligh kept a store in the
building (now standing) at the comer of Bridge and
s Pem streets. There Gustavus Vasa Edwards from So,
Plattsburgh, grandson of the veteran John Roberts,
went to work when a boy of 13, beginning, what
proved to be a long and successful mercantile Hfe.
SEPTEMBER 24
How strange the structure of the human heart,
Which springs anew 'neath sorrow's quivering dart ;
— Margaret Davidson.
1809 At New Haven, Addison Co., Vt., Esther Bacon,
wife of Capt, Preserved Wheeler, died leaving two

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 31 i
daughters and six sons, the youngest an infant. This
was a crowning sorrow to three years of unprece
dented hardship, during which his cattle had died
from hoof disease, fever had stricken several members
of his family, a broken leg had kept him confined one
summer, fire had consumed his shop and a thousand
doUars worth of leather ready for market, all seriously
crippHng him financiaUy, but " he persevered with
aU diligence to retrieve his fortune " andfdied in
1856, leaving sons and daughters who, "having the
habits and spirits of their parents " have prospered
in aU ways. Preserved Wheeler was a son of Peter,
kiUed July 3, 1778, in the Wyoming valley massacre.
Only nine years old at the time, with mother and
brothers he wandered 300 miles before reachingjtheir
former home. His name should have been^Perse-
verance !
1878 Jacob H. Holt proposed that the goverment
should lay out a public Park, of 20,000 acres or more
between the viUage of Plattsburgh and the U. S.
barracks, enclosing and beautifying the same and
erecting a monument which should bear on the west
side the name of Macomb and on the east, that of
Macdonough, the several sides to be inscribed with
the names of those who had distinguished themselves
in the defence of Plattsburgh.
SEPTEMBER 25
I love our Autumn's bright array,
Its swiftly changing views:
The birches yellow, the beeches gray.
The maple's crimson hues.
— Rev. OrviUe Gould Wheeler, Charlotte, 18 — South Hero, 1892.
1775 At Ticonderoga the troops were crowded in vile
barracks and, though provisions, fresh and salt, and

312 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
spruce beer were plentiful, tents and hospital stores
were lacking, and 726 men had been discharged since
July 20 on account of illness. The same day AUen,
rashly attempting the capture of Montreal with a
handful of Canadian recruits, was captured and sent
to England in irons,
1776 The adjourned convention met again at Dorset
and " resolved unanimously ' to take suitable meas
ures, as soon as may be, to declare the New Hamp
shire grants a free and separate district," In
January following there was a meeting at West
minster and a declaration and petition to Congress
drawn up and signed. This was presented to Con
gress by Jonas Fay, Thomas Chittenden, Heman AUen
and Reuben Jones, " four of the most respectable
members of the convention."
1783 Daniel Robinson and Thankful Sage of Middle-
town, Conn, were married, June 12th the groom
had been honorably discharged from the Continental
army, in which he had enlisted on his eighteenth
birthday (May 19, 1775), He was the youngest of
the eight children of Benjamin (great-grandson of
Elder John Robinson of Leyden) and Jerasha (Bing
ham) Robinson, The young couple settled in Platts
burgh near the south end of Margaret street. The
river then teemed with salmon trout and Mr, Robin
son became an adept at spearing them from the
bridge. When the bridge erected about 1797, was car
ried away by a freshet, Robinson, who was helping
remove the machinery, was caught and carried down
stream as far as Mr. SaiUey's ashery, as he said, "on
the mUlstone," which was indeed found where he was
rescued.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 313
1837 Marion Stetson, daughter of John Smedley and
Cynthia (Beach) Stetson, was bom at Champlain,
Her poems were ever a delight to her friends and are
treasured by them,
1842 The " First Roman Catholic Church of the town
of Plattsburgh " was dedicated by the Right Rev.
Bishop Hughes. This building stood on a lot pur
chased of Judge Palmer on the comer of ComeHa and
River streets, the " red store " on Cumberland
avenue, fitted up as a chapel, having served for pur
poses of worship untU that time.

SEPTEMBER 26
1776 We had a violent storm of rain, thunder, and
great flashes of lightning during the night. I often
thought the tent would take fire. Next moming
I mounted advance guard four miles above the Island,
the storm stUl continuing, and passed a most dis
agreeable day and night with scarce any shelter from
the constant heavy rain. We could there hear their
evening gun very plainly, and it was proposed in a
few days to move * * * seven miles
nearer them. — Digby.

SEPTEMBER 27
1776 Had the pleasure of seeing two of our schooners,
the Maria and Carlton, come up to us from St. Johns.
Captain Pringle was appointed Commodore of the
Lake Champlain and to command on board the
Maria, so called after Lady Maria Carlton. — Digby.

314 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
TO A STAR.
Thou brightly glittering star of even.
Thou gem upon the brow of heaven,
O! were this fluttering spirit free.
How quick 'twould spreads its wings to thee.
How calmly, brightly dost thou shine.
Like the pure lamp in Virtue's shrine:
Sure the fair world which thou mayst boast
Was never ransomed, never lost.
There, beings pure as heaven's own air,
Their hopes, their joys, together share;
While hovering angels touch the string.
And seraphs spread the sheltering wing.
There cloudless days and brilliant nights.
Illumined by heaven's refulgent lights;
There season's, years, unnoticed roll.
And unregretted by the soul.
Thou little sparkling star of even.
Thou gem upon an azure heaven.
How swiftly will I soar to thee.
When this imprisoned soul is free:
— Lucretia Davidson.
1808 Birth of Lucretia Davidson in the " smaU, neat
cottage," with old-fashioned piazza, " shaded with
vines and honeysuckle " that stood on the banks of
the Saranac, in the little village of Plattsburgh.
Lucretia attended the Academy with its cupola
" representing the Temple of Science surmounted by
a weather vane, representing an angel blowing the
trumpet of fame, which was the conception and crea
tion of her versatile but eccentric father, Dr. Oliver
Davidson." This cupola suggested to his eleven-year-
old daughter the " Allegory of Alphonse in search of
Learning."

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 315
SEPTEMBER 28
How gently floats the leaflet down.
How soft its rustling sound. — Wheeler.
1658 Dominie Megapolensis wrote to the Classis of
Amsterdam from New Amsterdam where he was
then settled of the persecution and death of Father
Jogues during his pastorate at Rensselaerwyck and
stated that the Mohawks gave to him the Missal,
Breviary and clothing of the murdered missionary,
1666 In and about Fort St, Anne were collected
600 veterans of the famous Carignan-SaHeres regi
ment, whUe on the mainland an equal number of
volunteers, habitants of New France and 100 naked
and painted savages, Huron and Algonquin warriors,
were encamped, the savages making night hideous
with war songs and dances. All were ready to start
on a punitive expedition under de Tracy, against the
Mohawks who had broken the treaty made in July at
Quebec,
1787 The year and month of the adoption of the
Constitution, Bela Edgerton, third son of Col, EHsha
Edgerton, was bom at Franklin, New London county.
Conn, The Rev, Samuel Knott of Union College,
New York, prepared him for Middlebury College, Vt,,
from which he was graduated in 1809, After teach
ing at Vergennes, he became the first principal of
Plattsburgh Academy, among his pupils present at
the opening, were his eldest nephew, Henry K, AveriU,
Sr,, then a boy of thirteen, and Thomes Miller, After
the war he taught at Schuyler Falls, Chazy and in the
basement of the old Methodist church, Plattsburgh.
He was also a practicing lawyer and magistrate.

3i6 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1895 Green Mountain Chapter, D, A. R. BurHngton,
placed a bronze tablet on a boulder near the site of
Ethan AUen's last home, near " Indian Rock,"

SEPTEMBER 29
Yet some bright, sunny peaks there are
In memory's landscape, which shall peer
Above the drowning tide, and wear
Their living light through many a year.
— Byron Sunderlin, Principal of Port Henry Academy, 1840,
1827 Birth, at Wilmington, Essex county, N, Y., of
Van Buren Miller, son of John Jay and AbigaU MiUer,
His grandfather, Pliny MiUer, had gone from Albany
coimty during the War ofi8i2,asa captain under Col.
Young, and was for a time stationed at French MiUs,
A few years after the war, Capt, MUler retumed to
the wilderness and purchasing 300 acres in what is now
the center of Saranac viUage, built a dam and saw
mill and, at the time of Van Buren's birth was con
structing the first bridge across the stream. The
grandson, in 1858, followed father and grandfather
into this new country and there he remained untU
his death, June 17, 1894, sought by all whether rich
or poor, for the transaction of any kind of legal
business,
1842 A County Educational Convention was held in
the Court House, Plattsburgh, At the same place a
meeting of citizens had been held in June to take into
consideration the financial condition of the Academy.
The failure of the CHnton County Bank in July had
caused general embarrassment and business of every
kind was much depressed. At the meeting, Andrew
Moore was appointed Chairman and George W. Palmer
Secretary, while George Moore, Dr. T. De Forris,
R. A. Oilman, Judge HaUe and Dr, Kane formed a

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 317
committee to consider and report on the best remedy
for the situation. In July, a boarding and day school
for young ladies was opened by Miss C. P. Clark,
assisted by Miss Harriet A Wright, "in a room
tendered her by Mr, Swetland in his own residence,"
but the summer term of the Academy opened under
the supervision of Rev, R, T. Conant, the foUowing
May. SEPTEMBER 30
1776 Lieut. Digby, who had been ill and dehrious
since the evening of the 27th, recovered his senses
but had to be left on the island (Isle au Noix) while
his corps moved up " Riviere-la-Cole. "
1821 An Episcopal Society was informally organized
in the viUage of Plattsburgh, but there was no regular
service of the Church until March, 1822, when the
Rev. Joel Clapp was called to the rectorship of the
parish. By this time many of the proprietors and
original settlers had been gathered to their fathers,
among them Judge Zephaniah and Capt, Nathaniel
Piatt, Piatt Rogers, Col, Melancton Smith and his
father, the Judge, Gideon Rugar and Zopher Halsey,
1859 On Friday evening, was bumed the old Hotel
Building, once the VUlage House, kept by John
Nichols, on the present site of the Witherill House,
It was a clap-boarded building, painted white, two
and a half stories high with gables on the north and
south ends. John Nichols, a native of Massachusetts,
came to Plattsburgh from Vermont and was interested
in the buUding up of the vUlage and an active par
ticipant in the war of 181 2, just previous to which
his brother Levi had come from Waltham, Mass. and
had settled at Salmon River, where he died in i860 in
his ninety-third year.

3x8 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

OCTOBER 1
From now until the last of October we shall dwell in the
finest art-gallery that was ever opened under the sky. No
human brush could possibly create, or even imitate, the splendor
of these autumn colors. — Buckham.
1666 M, de CourceUes, at the head of four of the six
hundred veterans of the Carignan-SaHeres, the habi
tants, and Huron and Algonquin warriors, encamped
at Fort St. Anne, set out on his expedition against the
Indian villages on the Mohawk,
1776 Carleton was prepared to appear upon the lake
with a formidable fleet of thirty-one vessels, ranging
in their armament from one to eighteen guns, navi
gated by 700 veteran seamen, and armed in addition
by an efficient corps of artillery. — Watson.
1780 Gen. Benj, Mooers as adjutant was present and
saw the execution of Major Andre — a most affecting
sight, while Major John Addoms, his future father-
in-law, as well as neighbor on Cumberland Head, was
detailed to hold the hat of the unfortunate officer.
1797 The Lord's Supper was for the first time admin
istered to the recently organized Presbyterian Church,
the pioneer church of this section. The members
were : — Ezekiel Hubbard, John Stratton, Abner Pom-
roy, William and Mrs. Badlam, Moses Corbin, EHza
beth Addams, Catherine Hegeman, Catherine Marsh,
Lucretia MUler, Phebe Piatt, Esther Stratton, Mary
Addams, Stephen and Mrs, Mix, Martha Coe, WUHam
Pitt Piatt and John Culver,
1866 In the evening at Trinity Church rectory, Joseph
Howland Coit, S, T. D. , feU asleep in Christ. " Great
is thy faithfulness — Glory, Glory to God in the

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 319
highest." " His last look of recognition was for her
who was ' faithful unto death,' and to whom he was
tme to the last."
1907 Presentation to the town of Upper Jay, Essex
county, N. Y., by Jean (Wells) Smith of Saginaw,
Mich., of the WeUs Memorial Library.

OCTOBER 2
There is something sort of cozy when the
leaves begin to rustle.
As the boys go tramping through them
in the hollows of the street. — Buckham.
1677 Benoni Stebbins, sent by his captors with two
squaws and a mare to pick huckleberries, escaped on
the mare and retumed to Deerfield. Poor man!
only to be slain whUe defending his own house when
nejct the savages came. His widow married in 1709
Dea. Thos. French, whose wife, Mary CatHn, had been
kiUed March 9 on the retreat to Canada.
1712 Esther Wheelwright began her novitiate as an
UrsuHne nun, taking the white veil the January
foUowing. In 1714 she was invested with the black
robe and veU and became Mother Esther Marie Joseph
of the Infant Jesus.
1801 CaroHne Piatt, oldest chUd of the Rev. Frederick
and Letitia (Piatt) Halsey, was bom. March 16,
1820, she married James Bailey, who, in 1798, in
connection with WUHam BaUey, had built a store
near the present site of CHnton Block at the head of
Bridge street. James BaUey's famUy first lived on
ComeHa street (No, 32), but later, when the children
of Eleazer MiUer had sought homes of their own and

320 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
the BaUey chUdren were stUl young, an exchange was
made. The Millers took the BaUey house and there
spent their remaining days, and the Baileys removed
to the large yellow frame house originally built by
Nathan Averill, Sr,, past which Margaret street was,
years afterwards, continued north. The house was,
a few years later, bricked up and ftnaUy, in 1909,
taken down,
1816 At his own request, Capt, John KJnight, of the
2d Company, 2d Regiment, was honorably discharged
from the service by John Oaks, Brigadier General,
His commission, given in Council Chamber, Mont-
pelier, Vt,, September 20, 1810, and signed by Gov,
Jonas Galusha, is stUl preserved, Capt, Knight was
bom November 11, 1787, on the island of North Hero,
where his parents, John, Sr,, and AbigaU (Towne)
Knight had settled in 1785. He died at the old
homestead March 16, 1878.

OCTOBER 3
1666 The main body of the army at Fort St. Anne,
led by the aged, but determined, M. de Tracy,
moved off.
1 763 3d and 4th — ^These two days sowed and harrowed
our wheat, — Gilliland.
No serf in the field but is sowing God's seed — — Buckham.
1838 Joseph Corbin, a pioneer in 1798, died at Cham
plain, He was a soldier of the Revolution, enUsting
at KiUingly, Conn., his native place, September 17,
'76, and at WilHamstown, Mass., to which he had
removed in the fall of 1778, He also responded to
the Saratoga alarm, October 11-22, 1781,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 321
1842 The old Revolutionary soldier, John Roberts,
died at So, Plattsburgh, aged 83 years,
1866 " In the soft splendor of an autumn aftemoon,
which seemed a kind of natural token of the Resurrec
tion," after the remains of Dr, Coit had been com
mitted to the earth, each child of the Sunday school
dropped a floral tribute upon the casket and the
venerable Canon Townsend of Canada dismissed the
assembly with the Apostolic Benediction,
1889 Discovery, near Trout Brook, in Ticonderoga, by
a workman digging a trench, of the remains of Lord
Howe, kiUed July 6, 1758, together with a stone of
hard Hmestone, weighing twenty or twenty-five
pounds and bearing the inscription: Mem of Lo
HoweKUled Trout Brook.
1897 The First Presbyterian Church celebrated the
Centennial Anniversary of its organization, October
ist and 3d,
It is the serene and solemn thought of centennials that
they who see one shall not see another. — Joseph Cook.
OCTOBER 4
The woods are never so full of interest and fascination as
when the first frosts have touched the leaves. — Buckham.
1759 From this date until May 25, 1761, rations were
issued by the commissary of the conquering army
(EngHsh), under Gen. Murray to the Community at
Quebec, the biU for which ($1,352) the nuns were
unable to pay, but the Mother Superior (formerly
Esther Wheelwright) placed at Gen, Murray's disposal
some of the Community's lands.
The same day Rogers and his party, sent by Gen,
Amherst to punish the St, Francis Indians, reached

322 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
the neighborhood of their village and reconnoitering,
found the natives engaged in a dance and festivities
which lasted tmtU four o'clock the next moming.
This date also, in Pleasant VaUey, Dutchess
county, to John Roberts, a soldier in this war, and
his wife, Susannah Mayhew, was born a son, John, Jr.,
who was to serve as a drummer boy while father and
uncles bore the part df men, when the now loyal
colonists should be driven to revolution.
1796 Wm. Henry Morgan, son of Jonas and Sarah
(Mott) Morgan, was born at Lansingburgh. As a lad
he used to run along the river bank beside Fulton's
Clermont as she made her trips up and down the Hud
son, flowing past his home town. At sixteen, accom
panied by his father, whose business interests took
him as far as Westport, the lad set out for Plattsburgh
with but four doUars and a letter of introduction to
Mr. John Freligh. The letter, however, he had no
occasion to use, but found employment at once and
so prospered that in 1 814, in company with his oldest
brother Jonas, he was keeping a general store at the
corner of Bridge and Charlotte streets. During the
engagement the brothers sought safety in the bushes
growing on the island at the river's mouth, on their
way rescuing six children who had become separated
from their parents and were huddled in terror on the
river bank. The parents were found after the battle
at Fort Moreau, nearly distracted at the disappearance
of their little ones,
1908 The Rev, John Bailey KeUy, caUed to the
pastorate of the first Presbyterian Church August 2,
began his mim'stry , preaching from the text, Zech, 4 :6 :
" The Dynamics of the Kingdom of God,"

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 323
OCTOBER 5
1759 A Httle before dawn Rogers attacked and bumed
the Indian viUage and in the ensuing fight more than
200 warriors perished, besides women and children.
Waiting but an hour the avenging party started
back, taking five English captives which were set free,
1780 Benjamin Oilman was bom in GUmanton, N. H.,
He settled in Plattsburgh, where he became assistant
principal in the Academy on its opening in 181 1, He
remained in the town of his adoption through life,
dying April 10, 1853,
1800 At Unity, N, H., AUen Breed and Judith Living
ston were married. She was the daughter of Isaac
Livingston, a sergeant in the Revolution under ColUer
Wood of New Hampshire. This was the birthday of
Josiah, son of Joseph and Sarah (Eells) Everest of
Addison, Vt, With the six-months-old baby, the
parents removed to Peru, where he grew to manhood.
During the siege of Plattsburgh, as a boy he carried
messages and comforts daily to his older brothers,
who were aiding in the defence of the town. He
served the town of Peru in various civil offices; was
Justice of Peace sixteen consecutive years, one of the
three county judges then elected, was a member of
the State legislature in 1855 and subsequently one of
the three inspectors of State's prisons,
1830 Chester Alan Arthur was bom at Fairfield, Vt. ;
attended BurHngton Academy, where his father was
then principal, and subsequently graduated at Union
CoUege.
1905 The comer stone of the Black Watch Memorial
Library was laid at Ticonderoga, Masons from that

324 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
part of the state, a battaHon of the Fifth U, S, Infantry
then stationed at Plattsburgh, with full regimental
band, and the bagpipe regiment of the Fifth Royal
Scots of Montreal and several local organizations
participating, OCTOBER 6
1763 Monday — Went in a bateau to visit my tract of
land at Cumberland bay, in company with John
Chislm, Eliakim Ayres, John Waltron and James
Stocker, on our passage, went ashore on the 2 most
westem of the 4 Islands, found the most eastward of
those being largest of the 4 to contain 4 or 5 acres
of choice land, and the westward one is rich, but aU
covered with brush, it may be about 3 acres, then
passed close by Schyler's Island, or Isle Chapon,
which looks at a distance but stony light ground,
little worth.
About six in the evening, arrived at the high
sandy cHffs (now Port Kent), and encamped there.
Between there is a grass swamp containing, I think,
about 150 acres without any trees, but is deep cov
ered with water, — Gilliland.
1776 On the arrival of Brig. Gen, Waterbury with the
gaUeys Washington, Capt, Thacher, and Congress,
Capt. Arnold, the entire naval force of the Americans,
save an eight-gun gaUey then receiving her armament
at Ticonderoga and the schooner Liberty, which had
been sent to Crown Point for suppHes, was now at
Valcour Island.
1794 The first marriage in Grand Isle — ^that of WiUard
Gordon (a great grandson of Alexander, the immi
grant from Scotland), and Clarissa, daughter of
Libean Armstrong of Bennington, took place, WiUard

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 325
(bom in Salem, Mass., August 2, 1770, the twelfth
child of his father and the second which had been bom
to Hannah Stanley of Beverly, his father's second
wife) came from North Salem, N. H., in 1788, about
five years later than his father, from whom Gordon's
Landing takes its name, WUlard had 12 children,
among them Ira, Phoebe, Samuel, Norman, Benjamin,
Ameha, Lucretia, Thomas and Seth,
1807 The physicians and surgeons of Clinton county
met at " the house of Israel Green, innholder, in
Plattsburgh," to organize a medical society. There
were present Dr, Albon Man (from the present town
of WestviUe), Dr, Henry S, Waterhouse from Malone,
and Drs, John MiUer, Silas Goodrich, Nicholas
Handley, Oliver Davidson, Rapel Vaughn and Benja
min Moore, the last from Champlain..
1 884 A bear hunt in Plattsbui^h ! — Monday, the f amUy
of Alexander Weir, living on the " Tom Miller place,"
early awakened by the loud barking of the house dog,
discovered a huge bear in the yard. Bruin, after
receiving the contents of a shot gun, trotted off appar
ently unharmed, but another bear was soon seen in
the fork of a large ash opposite the front door and
this bear, a son of the famUy after running some
buUets over the kitchen fire, brought down with a
rifle. The game proved to be a cub, weighing about
80 pounds, and furnished a feast for friends and
neighbors, A hunt was organized for the mother
and about 50 sportsmen started in pursuit
" While shoulder to shoulder the streaming dogs go.
All hot on the scent, with their wrinkled necks bent
And their dewlaps, a-swing, and their ears sweeping low,"
untU about four o'clock in the aftemoon, when the
big brute, comered on an adjoinmg farm and ready
to fight, was laid low.

326 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
OCTOBER 7
1666 The rear guard under Sieurs de Chambly and
Berthier left St. Anne, The progress of the army
was slow, since they dragged two smaU pieces of
cannon and 300 bateaux or bark canoes,
1743 The grants made to Hocquart by the king in
AprU were registered at Quebec.
1763 Grants of land within the bounds of Addison
were made by the govemor of New York to Col.
Wooster and Col, Charles Forbes, and beyond the
Hmits of the township on the north, to Lieut. Ramsey.
East of the grants of Forbes and Ramsey was a grant
to J. W. Hogarty, and east of Wooster, grants to Sir
John Sinclair and Mr, Wilkins,
On the other side of the lake that morning, Mr.
GiUiland and his exploring and survejdng party set
out from his encampment for the mouth of the Au
Sable river, which he ascends to discover its faUs
and their distance from the lake. He describes the
river as about 60 yards wide and more than twice as
large as the Boquet, Pursuing his ascent he discov
ers the now famous Au Sable Chasm and thus de
scribes it:
" In this place the river formed into a most curious canal;
this is a prodigious rock. It is a most admirable sight, appear
ing on each side like a regular built wall, somewhat ruinated,
and one would think that this prodigious cleft was occasioned
by an earthquake, their height on each side is from 40 to 100
feet in the different places; we saw about half a mile of it, and
by its appearance when we stopped, it may continue many
miles further."
1812 A brilHant entertainment was given in Albany
to Eleazer WUHams, who had just retumed from a
successful mission north, bringing with him two

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 327
Indian chiefs to be presented to Gen, Dearborn, who
was much pleased with the success of WUHams in
securmg the aid of the Sault St, Louis Indians and
others,
1884 The bear kiUed yesterday weighed two hundred
pounds or more, and was sold and shipped to New
York, OCTOBER 8
The scant brook murmurs through the croft.
And seems to sing of other days. — Buckham.
1703 In the golden haze of the aftemoon, John Nims
and Zebediah WiUiams looking for their cows on the
Deerfield meadows, were captured by Indians and
carried to Canada, whence John escaped, ^'But
Zebediah " died at Quebec, firm in thejProtestant
faith,"
1761 Shoreham, the final rendezvous (at Hand's Cove)
of AUen's party, was chartered (through the agency
of Col, Eph, DooHttle, a captain under Amherst) to
64 grantees. Its charter was the earliest granted
west of the Green Mountains and north of Castleton.
DooHttle served at the capture of both Ti and Crown
Point, and with many of his men buUt the military
road from Crown Point to Charleston, N, H,, which
passed from Chimney Point in Addison, through
Bridport and Shoreham, in each of which towns the
colonel became proprietor of six rights. Nine men
of Shoreham are known to have been with Allen at
Ti, among them EHas Kellogg, Samuel Woolcott and
son, and Daniel Newton,
1763 Mr. GiUUand, setting out from his encampment
on River Au Sable northerly, found and named
Duck Creek.

328 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1825 Doctor and Mrs, WiUiam Beaumont lost then-
eighteen-months-old son, WUHam, Dr. Beaumont,
bom in Connecticut in 1786, after practicing two
years in Burlington and one in Champlain with Dr.
Chandler, went to Plattsburgh early in the century,
where he married Deborah Green. In 1812, he was
appointed surgeon in the U, S, Army, a position
which he held 25 years, during which time he made
the remarkable experiments (in which he was assisted
by his cousin. Dr. Samuel Beaumont) with Alexis
St, Martin, which gave the doctor a world-wide
reputation and made his book " Experiments and
Observations on the Gastric Juice and the Physiology
of Digestion," acknowledged authority.
OCTOBER 9
— The softly rippling stream,
The rising mountain, and the leafy wood.
Combine their charms to grace the splendid scene:
— Margaret Davidson.
1735 Capt. Samuel Moore and Rachel Landon were
married in Litchfield, Conn., and began housekeeping
in Salisbury.
1763 GiUUand reached " a considerable creek of stiU
water, which, from the number of trees we saw
cut by beavers, we caU Beaver river " (now the
Little Au Sable). He continued to Cragen river
(Salmon river), of which he says:
" Went up this river about 100 yards to a 10-
feet falls, by carr)dng the water 45 yards; this is a
noble situation for a saw miU, as a dam can be made
by a few hands in a day. Here is water for two mUls
and dead water to the foot of the falls,"
He describes the " Savaniac " river (Saranac)
and " that Peninsula " (Cumberland Head).

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 329
OCTOBER 10
Can thought present
A tint more light, and yet more gorgeous.
Hues more sweetly mingled, one dim shadow,
Blending in grace more lovely with another!
— Margaret Davidson.
1725 PhiHppe de Rigaud, Marquis de VaudreuU, before
whom so many of our captives had stood and from
whom our commissioners had sought satisfaction,
died at Quebec.
1734 The Marquis de Beauhamois reported to the
home govemment that he had taken all necessary
measures for the construction of the "Redoubt, a
machicouhs at Crown Point, in Lake Champlain,"
having sent workmen thither to be ready to commence
operations in the Spring. Meanwhile, he has ordered
the Commandant at Crown Point to be on his guard
with his garrison of thirty men. — Paris Documents.
1759 The new brig reached Amherst from Ticon
deroga "with eighteen guns; seventy seamen, ^and
sixty soldiers embarked as marines, "j
1761 Bridport, a post town of 42 square miles, char
tered to 64 proprietors, mostly from Massachusetts,
of whom Col. DooHttle and Benj, Raymond were
most active in making a settlement,
1776 WhUe Arnold was writing a despatch asking for
a supply of shoes, watchcoats, blankets, hats or caps
for his men and saying, "We cannot, at present,
determine how long it wiU be requisite to remain
here. It may depend on the intelligence we receive,
^ if. ^ ^ * * I jiave received no late news from the
northward. The loss of two smaU canoes (all we had)
has prevented my sending out small parties," the
British fleet, having passed out of the Richelieu, was

330 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
saUing up the lake and anchored that night between
Grand Isle and North Hero.
1864 Three strangers arrived at St, Albans from St,
Johns in Canada and " put up "at the Tremont hotel,
and later in the day, two others came to theAmerican
hotel.
1866 Rear- Admiral Theodoms Bailey was placed on
the retired list. On his first cruise, in 1 820-1, on the
Cyane, several slavers were captured on the African
coast. In 1846, on the breaking out of the Mexican
war, while in charge of the store ship Lexington, he
conveyed to California, by way of Cape Horn, an
artiUery company and several officers, among them,
Henry W, HaUeck, WUHam T, Sherman and E. O. C,
Ord, The part taken by him in the conquest of
Cahfomia, in connection with the riots at Panama,
and in restoring friendly relations with the Fiji
islands, all previous to the Civil War, are noteworthy.
As commander of the Eastern Gulf blockading squad
ron, he is said to have taken over 150 blockade-runners
in eighteen months,
" In the U. S. S. Cayuga he led the fleet of Admiral D. G.
Farragut through the fire of Forts Jackson and St, Philip, and
opposing vessels, April 24, 1862. It was a contest between
iron hearts in wooden vessels and ironclads with iron beaks
and the iron hearts won."
— From Inscription on Loving Cup of the BaUey.

OCTOBER 11
Already the bleak autumnal winds were sweeping over
the lake; the nights fell dark and chill; the dreary winter
approached, when no zeal or courage could avail an invading
force. — Warburton.
1759 The raft, the brig from Ticonderoga and the new
sloop (just buUt by the English) were ready for action.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 331
1763 (Friday) — from the bottom of Cumberland we
proceeded homeward and arrived that night, on our
passage viewing the Islands Saint Michael, Valcour
and Chapon or Schuyler Island, all of which we found
ordinary, light rocky, stony land, and Ul timbered.
— Gilliland.
1776 On Friday the battle of Valcour was fought. At
eight o'clock the EngHsh fleet commanded by Capt.
Thomas Pringle, of the Lord Howe, was discovered

\
benedict ARNOLD

passing Cumberland Head with a strong north or
northwest wind, and bearing in the direction of Crown
Point, the supposed location of Arnold. Gen. Water
bury at once advised fighting the enemy on the retreat
in the broad lake, but Arnold declined. At half-past
twelve the Carlton and gunboats were within musket-
shot and the action became general, continuing with
out cessation untU about five in the aftemoon. Early
in the action, the Royal Savage, Arnold's flagship,
poorly managed by her crew of landsmen, was dis-

332 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
abled and run aground on the southwest point of
Valcour Island, her crew escaping in safety, Arnold
now transferred his flag to the Congress and fought
that vessel " Hke a lion at bay, pointing almost every
gun with his own hands, and cheering his men with
voice and gesture," "Waterbury fought bravely
on the quarter deck of his vessel (the Washington)
and towards the close of the action was the only
active officer on board,"
1790 WiUiam Pitt Piatt and Hannah Kent of FishkiU
were married and at once set out on their wedding
joumey up the Hudson and through the lake in a
batteau to their new home. The bride is said to have
been much impressed with the beautiful scenery.
Three weeks later, on a Sunday moming, accompanied
by a colored servant, she stepped ashore on Cumber
land Head.
1864 Three more strangers appeared in St. Albans.

OCTOBER 12
1708 Jean Baptiste, fourth child of Sergeant Jacques
and Abigail (Stebbins) de Noyon of Boucherville,
was bom.
Oh! thou hast seen the setting sun
Slowly retire behind his cloud.
Night gathering round the mountain's brow
While autumn's blast roared long and loud; —
— Mrs. Davidson.
1759 The batteaux, containing a wing of the 42d
Regiment under Major Reid, went astray among the
sloops of the enemy, but succeeded in running the
gauntlet of the French guns in safety with the
loss of but one boat containing a lieutenant and 20

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 333
men. Towards evening, the wind increasing, the
waters were lashed to fury and Amherst was compelled
to seek the shelter of a bay on the westem shore,
1776 Early in the morning Arnold's fleet reached
Schuyler Island, nine miles distant, the vessels having
passed in single file quietly out from the strait between
Valcour Island and the mainland during the previous
evening, bearing around the north end of Valcour
and so passing outside the British line, which extended
from Garden Island to the York shore. From Schuyler
Island, Arnold wrote to Gates, giving an account of
the engagement, and there, on examination, finding
two of the gondolas too badly injured to repair,
Arnold sunk them and, with the remainder, fitted
out as best he could, again set sail for Crown Point,
— " Was awoke very early in the moming by a confused
noise about my tent * ¦* made the greatest haste to the
shore side, where a boat had just arrived with our wounded
men from the fleet. The accounts were ¦" * that the Royal
Savage engaged her (the Carlton) and at last was obliged to
strike to the Carlton, but, against all the rules of war, after strik
ing, they ran her on shore, blew her up and escaped in the wood,"
— Digby.
OCTOBER 13
1759 Captain Loring of Amherst's army pursued a
French schooner and three sloops under the shelter
of Valcour, where one of the sloops was grounded by
her commander and two others sunk, while M, de
Bolabarras and his men escaped through the woods.
The storm prevented Loring from knowing this.
1 763 Retumed home and employed my time from now
to 31st Oct,, in laying out lots, filling leases and
settling accounts with the people, — Gilliland.
To the following leases were given : John Chism,
Robt. McLane, Robt. McAwley, John King and G.

334 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Hicks, George WUson, George Belton, WUHam Luckey,
Mires Dixon, Martin Tayler, EHakim Ayres.
1776 Early in the moming the American fleet was off
the Bouquet and the EngHsh lay a Httle above Schuyler
Island favored by a fresh northeast wind, blowing in
the broader part of the lake, while a south wind
retarded Arnold's escape. Soon after Arnold had
passed Split Rock, Capt. Pringle, leading in person
on the Maria followed by the Inflexible and Carleton,
attacked the Washington gaUey, which was too much
injured to keep up with the rest. This gaUey struck
after receiving a few shots and her brave commander
was made a prisoner of war. The three other vessels
then concentrated their fire upon the Congress, which
warmly returned the same, Arnold keeping up a run
ning fight until within ten miles of Crown Point, when
he ran the Congress and four gondolas into a smaU bay
in Panton and, having saved the smaU arms, bumed
the vessels to the water's edge, escaping with his
party through the woods. Thus ended the naval
engagements off Valcour's and Schuyler's Islands, in
which the American loss was about 90, In the mean
time the sloop Enterprise, the schooner Revenge and
the gaUey Trumbull, with one gondola, had reached
Crown Point in safety while the gaUey Lee, Captain
Davis, had been run into a bay on the east shore above
SpHt Rock and blown up. The galley Washington and
gondola Jersey were in the hands of the enemy,
1812 The new commander of the lake fleet, after
consultation with Gen, Dearborn at Plattsburgh,
went to Whitehall, where he began to flt out two
gunboats and prepare for service the sloops Hunter
and Bull Dog. These were remodeled to carry eleven
guns in place of seven and their names changed to
Growler and Eagle.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 335
1813 Birth of Frances Henrietta, only child of Judge
and Mrs, Henry Delord, A few months preceding
her birth, Murray's raid upon Plattsburgh had oc
curred and her father with many others had suffered
serious losses. On the approach of the British, Mrs,
Delord, hastily buiying the fine sUver service in the
garden, had sought refuge with her baby in her arms
in Peru, the former home of the family. The British
fled, Mrs. Delord retumed to find much of her furni
ture and many household treasures injured or de
stroyed. The enemy had, however, in the haste of
departure left an officer's mess chest and, inadver-
ently, a sUver pepper box, salt spoon and sugar tongs,
stUl preserved in the old house. Margaret Davidson
and Frances Delord were next-door neighbors, play
mates and life-long friends. On the latter's death
in early married Hfe, leaving a baby daughter,
Margaret wrote a poem " On the Death of Mrs. F. H.
Webb," referring to their chUdhood thus:
But memory still can paint the scenes
Of past, but ne'er forgotten joy,
When we have sported wild and free.
No sorrow pleasure's tide to cloy.
Thy form as it was wont to be,
StUl mingles with each thought of home;
My earliest sports were join'd by thee,
When graced by beauty's brightest bloom.
and of her personal appearance —
" Again I view that hazel eye.
With life and pleasure beaming;
Again I view that fair, white Vsrow,
Those dark locks o'er it streaming.
and of her mind —
"Oh, 'twas unsullied and refined
As is this spotless page.

336 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
and lastly of the little one left motherless —
" But the spirit we mourn has ascended on high,
And there it will watch o'er its little one's fate;
In whispers her voice will be heard from the sky,
With a mother's affection which ne'er can abate.
1834 P Prances Montezuma, wife of Dr. Jabez Penniman,
died, aged 74 years. She was formerly the wife of
Gen. Ethan Allen, as her monument in Elmwood
cemetery, BurHngton, states.
1841 The date of the earHest existing known copy of
Westport 's first newspaper, "The Essex County Times
and Westport Herald." Anson H. AUen was the
editor, but associated with Allen from the first was
David Turner, an EngHshman from Hull, who had
come to Essex county in 1837 and begun work in a
KeeseviUe printing office. From 1841-49 he Hved
in Westport and there, in June, 1847, his son, Ross
Sterling Turner of Salem and Boston, one of the best
known American painters, was bom. Other sons,
Byron Pond, Jasper C. and Louis M., were bom at
Rouses Point, Elizabethtown and Alexandria, Va,,
respectively. Their father died in Washington in 1 900,
OCTOBER 14
The sky is dim and dreamful soft,
The hills are gray with veiling haze, — Buckham.
1759 After a stormy night, as day dawned, Loring
perceived the abandoned vessels and left Lieut.
Grant with the sloop to try to save the stranded
vessel with her equipment, himself putting out into
the lake in pursuit of any hostile saU,
1761 On account of a bend in the lake, the proprietors
of Addison procured from Gov. Benning Wentworth
a grant of that township.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 337
1776 At four o'clock in the moming Arnold and his
men reached Crown Point in safety, having halted and
been refreshed at the hospitable home of Zadock
Everest in Addison, about four miles from the scene
of action. Later in the day, on the approach of the
enemy, the smaU force at Crown Point withdrew and
Gen. Carleton took possession without opposition.
1819 The " Fu-st Cattle Show and Fair " of Clinton
county was held at Champlain. After a declaration
of premiums by Silas HubbeU, one of the censors,
and a short address, the procession moved to the
district school house, where the Rev, Mr. Byington
opened the exercises with prayer and Allen C, Moore
gave an address on agriculture and manufactures.
The officers of the society and of music then ascended
a car, decorated with " articles of domestic manu
facture and agricultural products, surmounted with
a flag and bearing an appropriate motto, elevated
upwards of thirty feet, drawn by 100 yoke of oxen,"
This conveyed them to the grounds, where the animals
were offered for inspection. All members of the
society wore wheat cockades. A special feature was
the half acre plowing match, won by Henry Ladd of
Chazy, who finished in twenty-four minutes and a
few seconds. But Col. Thurber, vice-president of the
society, was awarded the premium for best driving.
There mark the realms of plenty smiling now;
There the full sheaf of Ceres richly glows,
And Plenty's fountain blesses as it flows ;
— Lucretia Davidson.
OCTOBER 15
1750 Birth of John Steams of New Hampshire, who
served under Amold, Stark and Wamer and partici
pated in the battle of Bennington. He died in

338 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Monkton, Vt,, in 1823, Mary, the daughter of his son
Calvin, became the wife of Eleazer WiUiams Robinson,
1759 The storm continued and Gen. Amherst was
forced to remain quiet,
1 766 George Belton sowed his last wheat, — Gilliland.
Nay, nay! Let the blade of grain —
One more in the crowded sod.
Yet nourished by sun and rain —
Speak a truer thought of God, — Buckham.
1809 Mr, Samuel Southby Bridge, an English merchant
engaged in the exportation of Turpentine, in an
account of his joumey through the Champlain vaUey,
says that his party " arrived at the line at half-past
five, over which no vessel is permitted to pass, the
Non-Intercourse (Act) being now in force," They
landed at Rouses Point and walked half a mile to the
smaU hut or inn, kept by Jacob Rouse, a captain of
militia, where the night was passed.
— The November Munsey, 1908.
1812 Marriage of Lewis Samuel Robinson and Hannah
Eldred. They owned a farm (lot No. 95 DuerviUe
Pat.) and kept a hotel in Chazy on the Mihtary turn
pike. It was near this place, by a little brook, that
a coUation was served to President Monroe which
delayed for a year the purchase of a fire engine for
Plattsburgh, Robinson's Tavern was buUt of logs
with a " bar-room " in one end, an open shed for
wood and carriages in the middle, and a kitchen and
dining room in the other. AU the floors were of
earth and the huge back logs were hauled for the
immense fire-places by a horse. In 1823, this first
building was superseded by a large stone house with
all the conveniences of that time.
1815 The Vermont resumed her trips to St. John's.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 339
1900 Rowland Evans Robinson, the well-known
author, died at his old home at Ferrisburgh.
"On our way, (from Easton to Coeyman's Patent) we fell
in with a little preacher by the name of Rowland Robinson who
kept our company for several weeks."
— Journal of the Life of Joseph Hoag.

OCTOBER 16
— For the pleasure of the eye give me a fall moming,
after the first sharp frost. — Buckham.
1759 Frost came and still Amherst had to remain
inactive.
1779 Joseph Everest and Sarah Eells were married.
The groom was still lame from his jump in the dark
ness into the snow in escaping from his imprisonment
at Quebec in the winter of '77 and the bride's heart
was sad when she remembered her father's home
leaving on the moming of the Bennington battle,
from which he came not back. But they made their
home in Addison where, on his mother's twenty-fifth
birthday (July 26), the next year, their son Joseph
was bom. Calvin and Luther were born at Ticon
deroga, where the Everests lived during the Revo
lution, and where they entertained Washington during
his visit, and Baron Steuben, many times.
1780 Royalton, Vt., burned by Indians, Two men
were kUled and twenty-six prisoners taken, among
them, Sheldon Durkee, a boy of nine, who afterwards
settled in Plattsburgh and from whom Durkee street
takes its name. His brothers, Andrew and Adan,
were also captured, the latter dying a captive ui
Montreal, The father, Timothy Durkee, was absent
on a scout, and as the family fled from home, Sheldon
went back for the youngest. Escaping to the bushes.

340 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
he was seen by an Indian who hurled a tomahawk,
which hit him on the back of the head. It was through
the brave and persistent endeavors of Mrs, Hendee
that Sheldon was released with other boys. The
savages took thirty horses and kUled all the cattle,
sheep and swine they could find,
1909 In the Brighton Beach twenty-four hour endur
ance race, the Lozier automobiles, manufactured in
Plattsburgh, finish first and second and establish a
new world's record.

OCTOBER 17
I must confess that I like the October wind least of all.
It is too petulant, too rebellious, too fitful. — Buckham.
1646 Father Jogues, on his retum to the Mohawk
country, was set upon by the savages who believed
him responsible for the faUure of their crops and
sickness of their tribe; was stripped of his clothing
and beaten with heavy clubs,
1759 A contrary wind arising, Amherst, though he
had heard through a hostile chief, by flags of truce
and letters of ceremony, that a British fleet lay
before Quebec and battles had been fought, stUl
lay helpless with his mighty army on the banks
of the stormy lake,
1763 Swanton, Vt., was chartered, containing 23,040
acres. Previous to the English conquest of. Canada
there had been a settlement at Swanton FaUs of
about 50 huts, a church and saw mill, belonging
to French and Indians who remained until the
begmning of the Revolution, John HUliker, a Ger
man, with his family, settled here about 1787. Other
German settlers were Conrad Barr, John Hogle,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 341
Abram and Joseph Rykard, John Sax, John Shelters,
Peter Wagner, and others, Jeremiah Brewster and
Thomas Butterfield were also prominent early settlers.
1780 A deep snow covered the ground and the Indian
raiders of Royalton, pursued by whites, killed two
prisoners and sent back a third with the message
that they would kill all if molested. Passing through
Randolph they captured Zadock Steele, whose
accoimt of his captivity is well known. The savages
then made for Canada by way of the Winooski
River and Lake Champlain.
1809 " Rose at six. After taking some rum and milk
to keep out the lake fever, which is frequently taken
by strangers, went to see Mr, Glennie's land, about
three and a half miles. About one mile on our
way we had to pass an unfinished bridge, hardly
worthy the name, about twenty foot high and
sixty yards over, composed of large single logs, at
a distance from each other, a little flattened on
the top with an ax." — Samuel Bridge's Diary.
On this bridge the traveller relates that he
crawled on all fours and was then taken in a canoe
" up the Little Chauze," The party retumed by
a different route " to Chandonet's about eleven
to breakfast." Mr. Bridge had intended to go
to Plattsburgh that night but was unable to get
a conveyance,
1903 Dedication of Bronze Tablet, placed upon the
Custom House by Saranac Chapter, D, A, R, in
commemoration of the Battle of Plattsburgh, The
presentation to the City of Plattsburgh in behalf
of the Chapter, was made by the Regent, Mrs.
Gamble, and accepted by Mayor Sharron. As Mrs.
Stoddard, founder of the Chapter and Ex-Regent,

342 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
and Mrs. Sowles, both descendants of pioneers who
participated in the battle, unveiled the tablet, it
was saluted by three voUeys fired by Co. C, Fifth
Infantry, On account of unfavorable weather, the
literary exercises were held in the auditorium of
the Presbyterian church, where a patriotic address
was made by Hon. Charles Halsey Moore, the Fifth
Infantry band furnishing music.

OCTOBER 18
1646 The martyrdom of Father Jogues was completed.
As he was entering a wigwam for supper, he was
treacherously felled with an axe, his head cut off
and stuck on the palisades while his body was flung
into the river,
1755 Rogers, the ranger, arrived at the mountain
west of Crown Point, where he lay with his men
aU night and the next day observing the enemy.
He also detected ambuscades built about " 30
rodsS.W, of the fort,"
1759 The storm subsided and a gentle south wind
arose. Amherst now hurried his troops on board
bateaux and in a few hours reached the bay where
the French vessels had a few days before been driven
ashore, but the winds changed and a storm approached
from the north.
1775 The Americans have already fortified Isle aux
Noix and now Fort Chambly is taken by a detach
ment under Majors Brown and Livingston, Carleton,
also, is repulsed by Col, Seth Warner and his Green
Mountain Boys, while trying to land at Longueil
to raise the siege of St. Johns which is being invested
by Montgomery.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 343
1864 Two more strangers took breakfast at the
Tremont in St, Albans and were joined by four others
at dinner, " The greater part of these men were
afterwards identified as those who had been boarding
at the hotels in St, Johns, in Canada, for some days
previous."
1865 At the Stetson homestead, Champlain, the Rev.
Dr. Coit of Plattsburg officiating, was celebrated
the double wedding of Eleazer J. Larkin and Helen
E. Stetson and Franklin Palmer and Marion E.
Stetson. Thus, on the same day, two daughters
of John Smedley and Cynthia (Beach) Stetson
left the parental roof for homes of their own.

OCTOBER 19
1755 Rogers went in the evening to the houses south
of the fort and on the lake. Finding a barn well
fUled with wheat, he left 3 men there and took
one with him " to make further discoveries near
the fort." About 60 rods distant, finding a good
place to ambush, he lay there with the men left
at the bam until next morning.
1809 Mr, Bridge, having been detained by his business
imtil the dinner hour at the home of Gen. Mooers
on Cumberland Head, accepts the General's hos
pitality and writes thus in his diary: — " Dined on
pig and plum sauce, and also partook of some home
made wine — very good. General Moore appears
to be a very hospitable gentleman. He has a large
famUy — ^nine children,"
1 864 The day of the St, Alban's raid. At the American
House, five strangers took dinner and there were
six more at the St, Alban's House, The afternoon
was cloudy, threatening rain, and the streets un-

344 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
usually quiet, since about forty of the principal
men of the place were in Montpelier and Burlington,
attending the session of the legislature at the first
place and Supreme Court, at the second. Just after
the town clock had struck the hour of three, simul
taneously the banks were entered by armed men,
with drawn revolvers, who proceeded to take pos
session of bank bills, treasury notes, and United
States bonds. Any chance caller at either bank
was robbed at once. But little sUver was taken,
being " too heavy," and they found no gold. The
robbery occupied some twelve minutes, and in the
haste both gold and bank notes were overlooked.
Outside, in the streets, other raiders intimidated
the citizens, ordering chance passers to the green,
shooting any who resisted, throwing Greek fire
upon the wooden buUdings, and seizing horses for
flight. Bennett H. Young, the leader, rode about
the streets giving orders to his men. They declared
themselves Confederate soldiers come to rob and
burn the town. In a few minutes, the raiders jumped
upon their horses and, taking the Sheldon road,
made all haste to escape. In a half hour, an armed
party from St. Albans was in pursuit. The robbers
succeeded in getting across the line into Canada,
but thirteen were arrested there and held for trial.
During the raid the news reached Burlington
by telegram. Bells were rung, hundreds of citizens
gathered in the banks and a large body of armed
men started by train for St. Albans, Offers of assist
ance came from outside towns. At four o'clock
a telegram reached Plattsburgh and every man
made ready to defend his native town. On a street
corner, that evening, the forming of a military
company was suggested and to Benj. M. Beckwith,
just returned from the seat of war, was intrusted
the making out of a Hst of prominent citizens.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 345
OCTOBER 20
1755 At ten o'clock in the morning a man who came
out of Fort St. Frederic without his gun, refusing
" to take quarter " was killed and scalped " in
plain sight of the fort " where there were 500 men.
Rogers and his companion escaped after running
"in plain view, about 20 rods." In the province
of Maine, EHsha Bradford, the youngest son of
EHsha, Sr. was born that day. His mother and
only sister were killed by Indians, two brothers
carried into captivity, from which they were after
wards released, and EHsha escaped only by hiding
under the bed. He afterwards lived with an uncle
and joined the American army, after the war settling
in Litchfield, Conn., whence he came a pioneer to
Plattsburgh and remained through life.
1759 After driving back the enemy by "fifteen
or twenty barges," the enemy's intrenchments
were reconnoitred at Isle aux Noix.

18^ Arrival at 6 o'clock in the morning of the two
U. S. Invalid Veteran Corps ordered out by the
Govemor of Vermont. A company of infantry
Home-Guards and one of cavalry were organized
and streets patroled during most of the ensuing
winter. In Plattsburgh resolutions were drawn
up and signed by Benj. M. Beckwith, in regard to
the organization of the " Home Guards " and more
than a hundred added their names to that of Mr,
Beckwith, OCTOBER 21
1759 Winter approaching, Amherst fell back upon
Crown Point and tumed his attention to the com
pletion of the defences, buUding roads and bridges

346 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
and nursing the sick among the Provincials, Capt,
John Stark was sent with 200 rangers to cut a road
through to Charlestown, N, H, This followed to
a great extent the largest eastern branch of the
Otter Creek and the Black River, and was finished
the next year,
1766 — paid off Jabez Rudd and discharged him.
— Gilliland.
1788 The two Heroes was divided into North and
South Hero, In 1783, Enos Wood from Bennington
and Soloman Wood, with his wife and one chUd,from
Norwich, Conn,, came to North Hero in mid-winter
and commenced a settlement, suffering much priva
tion and hardship. The town was organized in
1789, with Nathan Hutchins, who Hved to the age
of ninety, as town clerk. The garrison in the block
house which the British had buUt at Dutchman's
Point, was not withdrawn until 1796, In 1799, the
bihous fever was very mortal and the next year,
Solomon Wood and his son-in-law, WUHam Lawrence,
removed to Chazy Landing, In 1810, Wood again
removed, this time to Hemmingford, Canada, retum
ing to the United States on the outbreak of the
war. His property was confiscated by the British
government and his son Amasa served with con
scription papers, but succeeded in escaping before
being mustered into service,
1806 Mary Sheldon, daughter of Arunah Sheldon,
was bom at Odletown, Canada, but her parents,
within a few months removed to a farm near the
Creek, where they lived within sight of both Amer
ican and British forces at the time of the invasion.
The names of Arunah, Naomi, and Mrs, A, Sheldon
appear among the list of charter members of the
Methodist Church, Plattsburgh,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 347
1821 The Legislature of Vermont granted to Charles
McNeU, of Charlotte, Vt, and H, H, Ross, of Essex,
N, Y, a charter for a ferry between those places. The
ferry boats were propelled by horse-power and were
a great convenience for carrjdng cattle, sheep, horses
and teams.
1860 Death of WUHam F. Haile at the age of 69.
He was a veteran of Lundy's Lane where he had
been severely wounded. As a lawyer he had a rep
utation for "honor, integrity and sound judgment."
For several years he was in partnership with his
brother-in-law, WUHam Swetland; was judge of the
county and fifth collector of customs for the district
of Champlain.

^

18^ Friday evening the first meeting for the organiza
tion of the " Home Guards " was held in the Court
House, with 19 present, Mr. Beckwith was caUed
to the chair and speeches were made by S, Wright
Holcomb, Geo, Henry Beckwith, H, A, Wood and
others. The election of officers was as follows: —
Captain, B, M, Beckwith; ist Lieut,, Peter Fa-
fountain; 2nd Lieut., S, N, Howe; ist Sergt., Fred
H, Cramer; 2nd Sergt,, E, C, MiUer; 3rd Sergt.,
E, Brown; 4th Sergt,, H, A, Wood; 5th Sergt,, H,
A, Woodmff; ist Corp,, S, Wright Holcomb; 2nd
Corp,, E, G, Moore; 3rd Corp,, Freeman M, Vilas;
4th Corp,, G, E, Barber; 5th Corp,, N, B, Barker;
6th Corp,, Jas, S. Higby; 7th Corp., M. Sowles;
Sth Corp., Chas, S. DeForris, In St, Albans,
Mr, Elinus J, Morrison, a contractor engaged on
the brick work of the Welden House, who had
been shot during the raid, died at his lodgings
at the American House, His remains were taken
to his home in Manchester, N, H, for inter
ment.

348 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1892 Columbus Day was celebrated in Plattsburgh
by a procession of 1,400 children, an oration by
Royal Corbin, Esq., and other exercises.
What must have been the feelings of Christopher Columbus
when, for the first time, he knelt and clasped his hands, in grati
tude, upon the shores of his newly-discovered world, ¦* *
At that moment, his name was stamped upon the records of
history for ever; at that moment, doubt, fear, and anxiety
fled, for his foot had pressed upon the threshold of the promised
land. — Lucretia Davidson, written in her sixteenth year.
OCTOBER 22
1774 Phelix PoweU, the first settler to come into
BurHngton, bought of Samuel Averill of Litchfield,
Conn., in consideration of £,2,0, the grant made to
Averill by Gov, Wentworth, This tract included
village lots, the whole of Appletree point and land
running northerly to Onion river, and was considered
in " county of Charlotte, and Province of New York."
1775 Gen, Wooster's regiment of 335 men sailed from
Ticonderoga to join Montgomery,
1801 George Sherman (of the firm of Lee, Sherman
& Witherbee of Port Henry) was bom at Clarendon,
Vt., the son of Nathan and Polly (Carpenter) Sherman,
Seventy years of his active life were spent in the town
of Moriah on the opposite side of the lake. Here
associated with such men as Silas H, Witherbee, Hke
himself a native of Vermont, and John A, Lee, one of
the founders of the great mining industry of Essex
county, he, and after him his son, George R, Sherman,
were prominent in the development of the lumber
and mining industries of that section. The firm
names of Lee, Sherman & Witherbee and later of
Witherbee, Sherman & Co, wUl ever be associated
with Port Henry, Sherman Academy (now Sherman
CoUegiate Institute) founded by George Sherman was

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

349

after his death aided by his son. The father died in
Saratoga, September 7, 1877; Mr, Lee at the same
place in 1888; and Mr. Witherbee in New York City
the next year.

GEORGE SHERMAN
J 180I-1877
186e Saturday evening the first regular detail of guard
' was chosen. This was: Officer of the guard, F, H,
Cramer; sergeant of guard, E. Brown; corporals,
S. W. Holcomb, E. G. Moore and G, E, Barber;
privates, E, W. Pierce, H, H, Sherman, O, C, Gregg,
Frank McCadden, J, KUock, F, Lafave, J, K, Myers,
E. C, Baker, WUHam Manning, M, F. Parkhurst,
P, J, Tormey, H, Griffin, J. MontviUe, H. L. Isham,
F. E. Booth, James Delaney, H. C. Sanborn, F. San-
bom, C. Cottril, J. Q. Edwards, Wm, H, Chandler,
A. Guibord. OCTOBER 23
1759 After several days delay from adverse winds,the
British fleet retired up the lake and any idea of attack
ing the frontier was abandoned for that season. In

350 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
the meantime, Amherst attempted to communicate
with Wolfe at Quebec by way of the country of the
Abenakis, but his messengers were intercepted by the
French,
1766 Nehemiah Smith sowed his wheat, — Gilliland.
1783 Nicholas Barker and Clarinda Folger were
married. She was descended from John Folger and
Tristram Coffin, both founders of Nantucket, The
Barkers settled in Pem in 1785, where their eldest
daughter, Hannah, in 1799 with the approval of the
Society of Friends, to which the contracting parties
belonged, married Cyrus, son of Aaron and EHzabeth
(Knowles) Benedict, who had come to Peru in 1795,
'The marriage " was in a good degree orderly accom
plished " in the log meeting house after the estabhsh
ment of the Pem Monthly Meeting, This first meet
ing house was buUt entirely of split logs, floor, benches,
and all — not a nail or board used in the structure.
Such was the first rehgious ediflce erected in this
county. Vergennes at the head of navigation on Otter
creek, was " incorporated with city privileges, being
480 by 400 rods in extent," Donald M'Intosh, a
veteran of CuUoden, who had come to this country
with Wolfe in 1766, made the first settlement within
the present city limits, M'Intosh died July 14, 1803,
aged 84 years, A U. S, Arsenal was built here in
1828 and from this arms were taken South before the
Civil War.
1852 Sarah (Burchard) Balch, widow of Ebenezer,
older brother of Timothy, died at West Plattsburgh.
She was a daughter of James and AbigaU (King)
Burchard of Becket, Mass., and was married about
1790, in 1800 coming here with the four chUdren then
bom, to a hard life in the wUdemess. AU their six

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 351
chUdren, Ebenezer, Sarah, Alvah Burchard, Betsey,
Clarissa and Horatio James grew to maturity. The
remains of Mrs. Balch and her husband were removed
to Riverside cemetery in 1891 and placed beside
those of their son, Alvah, who died in 1871.
OCTOBER 24
Season of ripened gold.
Plenty in crib and fold.
Skies w^th a depth untold.
Liquid and tender. — Buckham.
1845 At the home of his son, Elam, the old Revo
lutionary soldier, Loren Nehemiah Larkin, at the
age of ninety, was "gathered to his fathers." He
had served with Capt. Ebenezer AUen, had marched
to Skeensboro, sailed to Ti, and retreated with the
army to Mt. Independence, later retuming to Man
chester, Vt., his home during the Revolution. In
1777, he joined Col. Herrick's regiment of Rangers
and did guard and scout duty at Pawlet, Castleton,
and Pittsford. He served other enHstments and
responded to several alarms, after the war settling
at SaHsbury, Addison county. But, in 1804, he
bought 300 acres of land on the Mihtary Turnpike
in Beefanantown (near present Methodist Church)
and there buUt the homestead, stiU standing, though
unoccupied. He is said to have resembled Andrew
Jackson in appearance, usually wearing a blue coat
with brass buttons and having long, white hair. His
remains and those of his wife lie side by side in the
private cemetery south of the old home. A double
marble slab marks both graves and on his is a marker
placed by Saranac Chapter, D. A. R.

f

186(ir The first regular driU of the " Home Guards "
was held Monday aftemoon on the public square. The

352 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Orderly Sergt. reported 6i privates present and
to them W. A. Fuller, Lieut.-Col. commanding
37th Regt. District, N. Y, dealt out 20 old army
muskets, that " would kiU at either end," Only
4 proved serviceable but nearly every man was
furnished a pistol and some had their own rifles.

OCTOBER 25
1780 Captain William Chambers wrote from Crown
Point on board the Maria of the arrival, the day
previous, of " the families that were detained at
Point au Ffer " and that another party, sent for
refugees on the eastern shore, was fired upon; adding,
that the season was so far advanced that he did
not think it " safe for a vessel to remain at Crown
Point " for any more refugees.
1892 At Chase's, in the Adirondacks, Caroline Scott
Harrison, wife of President Harrison and President
General of the Society of the Daughters of the
American Revolution, passed from earth, mindful
to the last of other sufferers.

OCTOBER 26
— ^it is because you have heard them (the birds) singing
all summer long that you can be pleased with October's silence.
— Buckham.
1768 Timothy, son of Ebenezer and Lois (Belden)
Balch, was born in Hartford, Conn, His father
was a goldsmith and clock-maker, and from him,
the older son, Ebenezer, Jr,, learned the trade,
which, however, he did not follow but, removing
to Plattsburgh two years before Timothy, devoted
his energies to lumbering, building and farming.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 353
As early as 1806, Ebenezer buUt a frame barn and,
in 1 81 2, a frame house, considered in those days
" very fine." All the nails used in its construction,
he made himself. He also assisted in the buUding
of the Presbyterian church, of which both himself
and wife were members.
1789 Reuben Hyde Walworth, son of Benjamin and
Apphia (Hyde) Cardell-Walworth, was born at
Bozrah, Conn. Being injured by the overturning
of a load of hay, whUe at work upon his father's
farm in Hoosick, N. Y. to which the family had
removed, Reuben was obHged to give up such labor
and was induced to study law. At the age of twenty
he was admitted to the bar and settled in Platts
burgh, where he was associated with John Palmer,
also from Hoosick. " AFTERWARDS."
God laid a burden on me when I came
To man's estate. At first I took it sore.
And grieved because my freedom was no more.
And wrought unwillingly. Ah, me! the shame.
The blindness of it 1 Afterwards I saw
The blessedness, the crown, of duty's law. — Buckham.
1809 A great snow storm, in which two men, named
Stone and Skeele, were frozen to death, while at
work in the town of Mooers, blazing trees for a
road to some miUs (afterwards caUed Tripp's).
1826 Organization by charter of the Champlain
Transportation Company. Its first steamer, the
Franklin, was landed at St. Alban's Bay and made
her fu-st trip, Oct. loth of the next year. The first
captain of the new company, Jehaziel Sherman,
was her captain.

354 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1909 Major-General Oliver Otis Howard, the last of
the Civil War commanders of armies, died at his
home in Burlington of angina pectoris. As educator,
soldier, author or peacemaker, he was a devoted
Christian always, and to the last "the unselfish and
untiring servant of a people" — the Freedmen —
whose highest good was his heart's desire.

OCTOBER 27
1776 Monday moming the British fleet approached
Ticonderoga and landed from five large transports
a detachment at Three Mile Point and another party
were sent into a bay four miles below the works.
Gen, Gates ordered the main garrison to be strength
ened with the three regiments from Mount Inde
pendence and the defences manned. After two
armed boats of the enemy had been fired upon by
a row gaUey, Carleton, e\'idently deciding the post
capable of defence, about four o'clock in the after
noon, withdrew to Crown Point, where he prepared
to retire to Canada for the winter.
1779 Grand Isle, the two Heroes (named for Ethan
and Ira AUen) and Vineyard (Isle La Motte) were
chartered to Ethan Allen, Samuel Herrick, and
other soldiers of the Revolution. In March, 1783,
Capt. Ebenezer Allen, Alexander Gordon and Enos
Wood visited the township to locate their respective
claims. By agreement they were to choose in the
order of Wood, Gordon and AUen. Wood chose the
south end of the north island; Gordon, the north
end of the south island, and Allen, the south end.
Within two years fourteen pioneers, most of them
with large families, came. The Aliens were aU
natives of Massachusetts. Col, Ebenezer AUen, a
first settler of Poultney, and officer under Herrick,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 355
had led the defence, in Sept,, 1777, against the
British post on Mount Defiance and on the retreat
of Burgojme's army, had captured fifty of the rear
guard, among them a slave woman, named Dinah,
to whom he gave her freedom, Lamberton and
Samuel AUen, sons of Samuel, Sr., killed by Indians
at Deerfield, in August, 1746, and the family of their
deceased brother, Enoch, (except the youngest son,
Heman, afterwards of Milton, Vt.) came early.
Samuel had escaped from Indian captivity and
later served in the Continental army,
1821 Caroline Adriance, widow of Judge Charles
Piatt, died at her home on Broad street, surviving
her husband but a few months.
They had grown old, — together old.
They had not marked the slow decay,
Or noticed on their loving way.
The change that time and care had told.
— Rev. O. G. Wheeler.
Mrs. Piatt, a native of Holland, was accustomed
to read her Dutch, as did John Sax over at High-
gate, his Lutheran Bible,

OCTOBER 28
1766 — this day N, Smith put up his logs and W,
McAuley arrived. — Gilliland.
1776 At the battle of White Plains, Daniel Hobart
of Asbumham, Mass, was wounded in the thigh
and left upon the field. As the enemy approached,
his retiring companions saw him. beaten to death
with clubbed muskets. Shortly before, while Wash
ington was encouraging his troops, he dropped his
hat which was picked up and retumed to him by

356 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Sergeant Joseph Spalding of Plainfield, Conn., who
later removed to Vermont where he died in Middle-
town in 1840,
1780 Esther Wheelwright, for nearly seventy years
a sister of the UrsuHnes of Quebec, died at the age
of eighty-four years and eight months. From 1713
to 1780 she was one of the "finest ornaments and
firmest supports " of that house. It was she and
her nuns who ministered to the wounded and dying
soldiers after the faU of Quebec.
1814 The MiiUer family with their household rehcs
saved from happier days, including silver, two
pianos, and Melusina's harp and guitar, began their
joumey from Baltimore to Harmony, Pa. Only the
month before, the daughters of the house, with their
friends, the Loneys, during the night of the bom
bardment of Fort McHenry, had lain upon the ground
in a log cabin, twelve miles distant from the city,
" hearing and feeling " every explosion, Melusina
little dreaming that, as the wife of Bishop Hopkins,
her life was to be spent near the scene of that twin
engagement, the battle of Plattsburgh.
OCTOBER 29
— the wUd berries are the flowers of the fall, many of them
as brilliant in color and beautiful in arrangement as the spring
and summer blossoms whose children they are. — Buckham.
1793 " This day we compleat the Bridg here (Platts
burgh) ready to Raise; to morow we proceed to
Great Sable on where we expect to compleat the
brid in a few days," — Letter from Nathaniel Piatt.
This was the bridge built by the State where
the State road crossed the Ausable River, and was
the first bridging of the stream. The road then ran

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 357
by way of Schroon, EHzabethtown, Poke O 'Moon
shine to Plattsburgh,
That day Samuel Keese, son of Stephen and
Ruth (HuU) Keese, was bom in Dutchess county
and the foUowing year, with his brothers, WUHam
and Richard, was brought to Peru, Samuel became
one of the most prominent of the " Quaker " preach
ers and, as early as the winter of 1835-36, he attended
a meeting of the Society of Friends, held in New
York, and labored with a few others to induce the
Society to strive for the promulgation of the doctrine
of immediate emancipation as the only means of
preventing future bloodshed. His sister, Elizabeth,
became the wife of Benjamin Smith,
1899 Mrs, Harriet (Hunt) VUas, widow of Samuel
F. VUas, finished a long and unselfish Christian Hfe
of nearly 89 years. Mrs. VUas came a bride to
Plattsburgh in 1836 and her early married life was
spent in the large white house with green blinds,
standing on the corner of Margaret and Brinckerhoff
streets. This was bumed in the Great Fire of '49.
The Vilas Home, erected by Mrs, Vilas in memory
of her husband and an object of her solicitude to
the end, stands as a lasting memorial to her Chris
tian charity. OCTOBER 30
1706 On a petition for naturalization of this date,
C. AHce Baker, author of " Tme Stories of New
England Captives," found the names of the fol
lowing: — ^Louis Marie Strafton (Charles Trafton of
York), Mathias Claude Famet (Matthew Famsworth
of Groton, Mass.), Pierre Augustin Litrefield (Aaron
Littlefield of Wells, Me,), Madeline Ouare (Grizel
Warren of Dover, N, H.), Christine Otesse (Margaret
Otis of Dover), Thomas Hust (Thomas Hurst),

358 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
EHzabet Price (EHzabeth Price), EHzabeth Casse
(Elizabeth Corse), Marie Francoise French (Freedom
French), Therese Steben (Thankful Stebbins), aU
of Deerfield,
1785 Petition of WUHam GilHland for a grant of
i,ooo acres of land on the west side of Lake Cham
plain, — Calendar of Land Papers.

OCTOBER 31
An enchanted place is the October wood. — Buckham.
1794 Rebecca Leflin, daughter of James ahd Experi
ence (WiUiams) Leflin, was born in Georgia, Vt,
Her mother, a daughter of the Rev. Warham WU
Hams, brother of Eunice, was in that way related to
the Rev, Eleazer WUliams, if he were not the Dauphin.
During the summer of 1814, Rebecca was teaching
school on Rugar street, living in the famUy of her
half-brother, Nathan Perry, but at the time of the
invasion, she was with her mother in Champlain,
sickness in the family, requiring her assistance. She
married David Leeke, a pioneer from Long Island,
whose sisters, Phoebe and Abigail, married David
Parsons and EHas Woodruff, respectively. Rebecca's
mother's family left Connecticut on account of the
witchcraft delusion and settled in Rutland, where
her mother's uncle. Judge Samuel WiUiams, became
Veitnont's historian. The Leekes lived at Point
au Roche, where Mr. Leeke died in middle Hfe. His
widow lived quietly on the old place, attaining the
age of 93 years, 6 months and 4 days.
1818 Saturday, the house of James Mix, Beekman
town, was bumed. The next day his neighbors went
into the woods and by nightfaU had hewn the timbers,
and made and raised the frame for a new house.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 359
20 X 25 feet, which they completed on Monday and
Tuesday so that the family moved in,
1832 On Wednesday, in St. Paul's Chapel, New York,
the Rev, John Henry Hopkins was consecrated
Bishop of the new Diocese of Vermont, by Bishop
White, assisted by Bishop Griswold of the Eastem
Diocese and Bishop Bowen of South Carolina, Bishop
H, U, Onderdonk preached the sermon. Within
three weeks the new Bishop had resigned as Assistant
Minister of Trinity Church, Boston; had made two
trips to Vermont; bought a house in Burlington
with thirteen acres of ground attached, and moved
a famUy of fifteen souls there.
1853 AUen Breed, pioneer, died at Crown Point.
He had settled there with his young famUy about
1808 or '09, purchasing land now occupied by the
vUlage of Crown Point on the lake drive. He was an
extensive lumber dealer and built many of the
houses in the village, his old home having but recently
tmdergone modem changes.
1857 At West Chazy, Capt, William Atwood, a native
of Plymouth county, Mass., died. He had settled
in Chazy in 1801 and on the invasion of our frontier
by the British, Atwood raised a company, two mem
bers of which, Daniel and Gardner Goodspeed, were
wounded on Sept, 6th and Jonathan Clifford, Caleb
Douglass and Hezekiah Fay, taken prisoners.

360 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

NOVEMBER 1
With November comes a braver and saner wind, whose
sound I like right well. — Buckham.
1752 A seigniory along the lake and including Chazy
River was granted to Sieur Bedue, John La From-
boise is said to have settled on this seigniory and
to have remained through life, being the first per
manent settler in the county. Some of his des
cendants are still residents in the vicinity. On the
accession of the English, the claims of aU these
seigniories were refused, and on the retreat of the
French army to Canada, all the French settlements
on the lake, except that of La Frombois, were
abandoned.
1785 The first boy was bom in Plattsburgh. He
was a son of the Hon. Kinner and Lucretia (Banker)
Newcomb, and was named Piatt. To this chUd
fifty acres of land was given on which descendants
still live. Piatt Newcomb graduated from Union
College in 1808, In the War of 181 2, he served as
orderly under Capt, Seth Sherry, Col. MUler's regi
ment, was in skirmish at Beekmantown and helped
tear up the bridge at Plattsburgh. He was also
adjutant on Gen, Mooers' staff, and was a member
of the Legislature of the State, He died in West
Plattsburgh in August, 1871, The first chUd bom
in the new settlement was Ida Ostrander, bom
September 7th preceding,
1802 The name of Isle La Motte was changed to
Vineyard, This year Caleb Hill of Granville came
to the island and at once began fitting tracts of
wild land for market, estabhshing highways and
buUding schoolhouses. He ran the first ferry from
Isle La Motte to Alburgh, receiving a grant from the

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 361
Vermont Legislature in the winter of 1805-6 for the
operation of the same. This remained in the hands
of his descendants and was used until the building of
the bridge in 1882, Mr, Hill was captain of a com
pany of Vermont State Militia which helped guard
the frontier during the war. The members of his
company were: — Isaac Ayslin, Isaac Barber, David
Bassett, Orlin Blanchard, Charles Carron, Bethuel
Clark, John Clark, Jesse Clark, Jacob Darby, Conrad
Denio, George Dennis, lona Dixon, John Durham,
Claudius Fiske, Eben Fiske, Ira Fiske, Solomon
Fiske, Lewis Gordon, Ehhu HaU, Nathaniel HaU,
Ira HaU, Minard HiUiard, Amos Holcomb, Jesse
Holcomb, Carmi Holcomb, Ephraim Holcomb, Ches
ter Holdridge, Ezra Knapp, Ezra Pike, James Racy,
Enoch Sherman, Amaziah Smith, Henry Scott, John
Scott, Luther Strong, Nathan Strong, Joseph Sumer-
icks, Cyrus Wait, Gardner Wait, Harry Wait, Solomon
Wait and WUHam Wait.
1805 I have been to the Roman CathoHc church
to-day, the annual festival, of the dead.
— E. Williams in Diary.
1820 Gov, Richard Skinner appointed WiUiam H.
White, son of WUHam White of Vergennes, who
had contributed generously to the building of Mac
donough's fleet. Aide de Camp to the Brigadier
General of the First Brigade in the third Division
Vermont Mihtia.
1881 Samuel Keese, the Quaker abolitionist of Peru,
died at Great Neck, L. I. While the fugitive slave
law was in force, his home, Hke that of Benjamin
Smith, who had married his sister, Elizabeth Keese,
was a station of the Underground Railroad, where
fugitives were fed and clothed and helped on to the
next station at Champlain.

362 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
NOVEMBER 2
1761 Middlebury, Vt. was chartered and Col. John
Chipman began the first clearing in 1766, at a time
when there was not a dwelling-house in the section
west of the mountains and north of Manchester
which was 60 miles away. The prospect was so
discouraging that Chipman returned to Connecticut
and did not visit his clearing for seven years. He
then came with the Hon. Gamahel Painter, who
located near an ancient encampment, where many
fine Indian relics have since been found. In 1820,
a large pot, made of sand and clay and holding
about 20 quarts, was dug up nearly entire. After
the war the settlers returned to their abandoned
farms and by Nov, 1, 1800, Middlebury CoUege was
incorporated,
1775 The fort at St, John's was surrendered by
Major Preston to Montgomery, The prisoners, among
them John Andre, were taken to Lancaster, Reading
and York, Pa,
1805 — I have been to La Prairie to-day, and I
attended the Mass, Rev, Mr, Boucher preached, a
Roman Catholic clergjnnan. I think he is the most
eloquent orator I ever heard in my life, and has the
most graceful gestures. After meeting I went to
Mr. Perault's, and dined there — and there I saw Mr.
Thomas — to be remembered, &c., &c., &c. Yester
day several men came to see me, &c,, &c.
" If I am honest I will speak the truth."
— E. Williams.
1858 The Hon. Joseph T. Everest was appointed
Inspector of Prisons. His second son, Aaron Sibley,
after reading law with his father, went west in

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 363
1856. Having served with distinction throughout
the Civil War, Col. Everest began the practice of
law in 1 87 1 at Atchison, Kansas, becoming one of
the ablest civil, criminal and raUroad lawyers of the
west. For him the town of Everest was named.
He was first vice-president of the Missouri Pacific
railroad for some time and the entire Kansas system
is largely the result of his labors. Col. A. C. Everest
was one of the few Democrats honored by election
to the State Senate.
How oft I've sat in melancholy mood.
Where mad Missouri rolls his reckless flood,
To watch the mighty stream ¦With wolid'ring eye,
Bom of a mountain spring to swell the sea.
And to man's life compare the aspiring wave, —
" Is bom, is great," then thunders to the grave.
— Longings for the West by Lieut. Levi P. Davidson.
Plattsburgh, 1816 — Saratoga, 1842,

NOVEMBER 3
Meanwhile the clouds were gath'ring drear,
— Lucretia Davidson.
1761 SaHsbury (Vt,) was chartered. The first settler,
Amos Story was killed by a falling tree, but his
widow came with her large family of children and
did the work of a man, iii feUing trees, rolling logs
and clearing the land. During the Revolution, she
had a place of refuge in a cave in the bank of Otter
Creek, A monument on the site of the home of that
bravest of pioneer mothers, Ann Story, was dedicated
July 27, 1905.
1764 Panton (Vt.) was chartered. Among the first
settlers were Joseph Pangbom, Odle Squire, Timothy
Spaulding and others from Comwall, Conn, Peter
Ferris came from Nine Partners and the death of

364 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
his wife before the Revolution is said to have been
the first in town.
1776 The rear guard of the British army left Crown
Point, and it was immediately occupied by the
Americans.
1791 Incorporation of the University of Vermont, for
which Ira Allen had given a site of fifty acres covered
with valuable pine trees and 4,000 pounds in money.
The president's house was completed in 1799, its
officers appointed in 1800, and the coUege buUding
begun in 1801.
1794 Joseph Ketchum, the Revolutionary soldier from
Dutchess county, who settled at Plattsburgh, died
in New York City while on a business trip. He was
buried in Trinity churchyard. In September, 1797,
his widow, Phebe, lived on lot number five, north of
the present court house. She later married Caleb
Nichols, a young lawyer of the period.
1813 — Went to Cumberland Head and attended a
councU of war led by General Bloomfield. An order
given by the Council to repair boats and wagons for
transportation and be in readiness for a winter's
campaign. — E. Williams.
1880 Miss Helena Augustin opened a kindergarten
(the first in Plattsburgh) with nine pupils in the stone
building on the comer of Oak street and Protection
avenue. This old building, which had been spared
from the ravages of the fire of '67, was demolished
to make room for the block known as "Clinton Court,"
A primary department was soon added to the kinder
garten and here hundreds of Plattsburgh children
began their school Hfe,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 365
NOVEMBER 4
Chill snows the mountain summits crown;
The harvest field is pale.
— Rev. O. G. Wheeler.
1763 This day I gave possession to the lessees (?),
Ayers, Taylor, Dixon, Chism, McLane, McAwley,
WUson, Belton and Luckey, I proceeded to Crown
Point, where I engaged prov. for my settlement until
summer next and then continued my joumey to New
York, where I arrived the 20th November. — GilUland.
1 79 1 Birth of WiUiam F. HaUe, In 1 8 1 1 , at the early
age of twenty-one he entered the United States army
as ensign; was promoted to captain for gaUant con
duct and remained in the army several years after
the war, when he resigned to practice law. His
home in Plattsburgh was on Broad street, the Judge
Charles Piatt house, which the Judge's son Nathaniel
had moved back and enlarged by an addition in front.
1819 Sophia Solace, daughter of Judge Solace of Brid
port, Vt., was bom. September 9, 1841, she became
the bride of the poet, John G. Saxe, and after a com
panionship of forty years, her husband said he re
garded her as the most unselfish person he had ever
known. To her he dedicated one edition of his
poems in these words:
To my best friend (a diamond edition of a woman) I in
scribe this I)iamond Edition of the poems of her husband.
— /, G. S.
What! Fifty years? I never could have guessed it
By any token writ upon your brow,
Or other test of Time — had you not now.
Just to surprise me, foolishly confessed it ;
Well, on your word, of course, I must receive it;
Although (to say the truth) it is, indeed.
As proselytes sometimes accept a creed.
While in their hearts they really don't believe it :

366 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
While all around is changed, no change appears
My darling Sophie, to these eyes of mine.
In aught of thee, that I have deemed divine.
To mark the number of the vanished years —
The kindly years, that on that face of thine
Have spent their life, and, " dying, made no sign."
— Sonnet to his wife on her fiftieth birthday.
1826 The "St. Alban's Steamboat Company" was
chartered. NOVEMBER 5
1785 Moorefield, a tract of land lying along the
northern boundary of the county and named for
Pliny Moore, one of the proprietors, was granted to
Mark Graves and Levi Smith and then took the name
of Smith and Graves Patent,
1810 The name of Middle Hero changed to Grand
Isle. An early settler was Stephen Pearl, who had
been unsuccessful as a merchant in Pawlet, Vt.
But, in 1794, he removed to Burlington, occupying
the house, built by Frederick Saxton in 1789 and
standing at head of the street afterwards named
Pearl, It was the first frame house in the place and
is still standing. Pearl was made sheriff of Chittenden
County of which Grand Isle was then a part and held
that office many years. The Friends had much to do
with shaping the early history of Grand Isle, The
first to come and remain was Jonathan Griffith of
Po'keepsie, about 1784, With him came his son
Seth, who became prominent in the Society and
affairs of the town, teaching in the school which the
Friends maintained. His maternal uncle, Ephraim
Dual, made early surveys but preferred Hving at
Missisquoi Bay on the Canadian side, " under his
king, ' ' A frame house built and occupied by Jonathan
Griffith is still in use, Seth built a large house on
the rise of ground one-half mile from the lake and

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 367
opposite Cumberland Head, He was a nursery
man and many of the apple, pear and other fruit
trees of the Valley were grown from the seed (and
grafted) in his nursery,
1817 The Northem Canal connecting the waters of
Lake Champlain with the Hudson was commenced
this day.
1840 The Rev. O, G, Wheeler was ordained and
instaUed pastor of the church of South Hero and
Grand Isle, beginning, what proved to be, the longest
continuous pastorate of any minister in the Congre
gational Sociey of Vermont. The church had been
organized by the Rev. Asa Lyon, in 1795, with a
membership of seven, Mr. Lyon, though not installed,
ministered to the church he had formed until 1840.
He was the first representative of the town and was
chosen in 1810, The first post-office was estabhshed
that year, the entire receipts being $14,71. Mr.
Wheeler, a native of Charlotte and graduate of the
U, V, M., succeeded the venerable Mr. Lyon and for
nearly forty-seven years, with scarcely a vacation,
preached in the two towns, usually one sermon each
Sabbath in each. He was senator from Grand
Isle county in i860 and 1861, and represented the
town of South Hero in the House of Representatives
in 1864, He loved his work and his people and all
mankind as weU, being prominent in the anti-
slavery movement. In i860 he published a volume
of poems from which the foUowing is selected from
a " Semi-Centennial " poem deHvered before the
associated Alumni of his Alma Mater, Aug. i, 1854.
And truth, though old.
Grows never gray;
The ages fold
The young to-day

368 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
With unresisted arms.
But lend no brighter charms
To that which perfect came from old Eternity,
And never while Jehovah is, can changed be.
1850 Henry G. Hewitt, bom in Peru Oct, 6, 181 1,
was elected assemblyman from Clinton county for
the 74th session, 1851, He conducted a dry goods
business in Cooksackie, Redford and Plattsburgh,
in the latter place, both wholesale and retail dry
goods and groceries. His father, Jeptha Hewitt,
bom in Tinmouth, Vt., 1780, was a fifer in Capt.
Septa FUlmore's company in 1813, Henry died in
MUwaukee, While in Plattsburgh Mr. Hewitt was a
member of the firm of Hewitt, Stoddard and Piatt
(Moss K.) and lived in the home built by Ephraim
Buck, which he changed materiaUy.
1909 Elizabethtown celebrated the retum of the
County Seat, " after a perUous joumey of five years,"
with ringing of bells, songs, speeches and fireworks.
NOVEMBER 6
1712 EHzabeth Corse (Casse), at the age of sixteen,
married Jean Dumontel of St. Lambert. Her first
child, she named Mary for her aunt, the wife of
Dea. French, who had been kUled with her baby
boy, John, on the retreat from Deerfield.
1837 The Sons of Liberty (the club of the insurrec
tionists) and the Doric club (the opposing club of
the English), after many altercations, came into
coUision, Dr. Nelson carried everjrthing before him
by his impassionate oratory, and thirteen resolutions,
declaring the rights of man, were passed.
1901 Chazy Public Library organized. The building
for the library was given by Julius C, HubbeU of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 369
EUenburgh, Wash,, and the books, by Edmund
Seymour of New York, both grandsons of " Squire "
HubbeU, who built the substantial stone stmcture
opposite his home in 181 1 -12 and used it as a law
office more than sixty-seven years. For a week, in
1 81 3, Gen, Wade Hampton made the office his head
quarters, receiving here the disastrous news of his
Chateaugay expedition, which so wrought upon the
temper of that irascible officer as to occasion remark,
whereupon his son, who was aide to his father,
replied: "Yes, he's so crabbed you can't touch
him with a rod pole." British officers spent one
night here on the retreat from Plattsburgh and the
old door was tarred and feathered three times by
the enemy, NOVEMBER 7
1763 This evening the 3 Batteaux retumed from
Crown Point loaded with provisions, — Gilliland.
1766 Paid off Isaac Williams and John Smith, who
went away, — Idem,
1798 South Hero was a second time divided and the
northem part named Middle Hero, Timothy Pearl,
Jedidiah Hyde and Daniel Samson, all from Con
necticut, came soon after 1785, Then Wesson
Macomber, Daniel Hoag and James Tobias came
from Dutchess county, N, Y, Macomber and Hoag
cleared the land, sowed winter wheat, built log
houses and retumed to their old homes for the winter.
In the spring of 1787, they brought their famUies by
boat, Ezra Kinney arrived from Connecticut when
but two houses had been built. Grinday Reynolds
brought a family of ten children. By 1801, the
Friends on the island had organized a meeting and a

370 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
log meeting house was built on the shore near the
Mosher Hoag (now Vantine) place, and this was also
used for a school. At the time of the battle on Cum
berland bay, the Friends, at the regular hour, gath
ered in this buUding to hold "first day services,"
apparently oblivious to the roar of battle from three
to six miles away, since their faith prevented any
participation in the conflict,
1813 Evening of the 7th, The first artiUery train
arrived, when Gens, Bloomfield and Mooers discussed
with me the plans of coming engagements. Orders
sent out in various directions to the Rangers, and in
formation to the Indians, — Williams.
1835 The Young Men's Association for Mutual Im
provement was formed in Plattsburgh, The officers
were: George Moore, President; John H, Sanborn,
Vice-President; I, W, R, Bromley, Corresponding
Secretary; R, G, Stone, Recording Secretary; T, P,
Cady, Treasurer; Lucius Boardman, L, D, Brock and
! Caleb Nichols, Executive Committee; Ways and
Means, etc., Bela Edgerton, Dr. Edward Kane and
H. Boardman; Constitution and By-Laws, I. W. R.
Bromley, Horace Boardman and R. G. Stone.

NOVEMBER 8
1775 A committee consisting of Robert R.Livingston
Robert Treat Paine and J. Langdon was sent by the
Continental Congress to Ticonderoga to consiUt with
Gen. Schuyler as to the condition of the fortifications
and reinforcements needed for Canada.
1813 WiUiams "started for Albany, arriving there on
the loth, dined with the Commander-in-Chief , received
his instructions." He wrote in his diary, "St. Regis

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 371
is taken, prisoners secured and the first flag captured
from the British."
1864 Orrel Town, Sheriff of Clinton county, ordered
from Capt, B, M. Beckwith of Co, A, Home Guard, a
detail for patrol duty "of thirty men, good and true,
to patrol the streets within the corporation of the
town of Plattsburgh, commencing at the hour of
nine o'clock P, M. till sunrise of the moming of the
ninth of November, under the following orders, that
no guns or pistols shall be fired during that time
unless imperative necessity requires it," That elec
tion night was one of the quietest ever known in
Plattsburg for, after 9 o'clock not a person other than
the guards was to be seen upon the streets.
The guard that night was F. H. Cramer, officer
of the guard; H, A, Woodmff and E, C, MUler, ser
geants; E, G, Moore and G, E. Barber, corporals;
privates, M, F, Parkhurst, Henry C, Sanborn, F.
Hoag, James A, Hagar, Julius D. Beckwith, C, H,
CottrUl, J, H, Towne, T, S, Rogers, F, E, Booth,
George W. Watson, W. E. Reed, James Delany,
H, M, WitheriU, E. Crosby, O. C. Gregg, H. W. Cady,
Thomas Shields, T. E, Derochers, Peter J, Tormey,
Fred E, Sanbom, J. K, Myers, William Myers, W,H,
Griffin, C. Gunn, W, H, Durkee, G. H, Webb, H. W,
Brown, E, W, Pierce, H. Walworth, John McCadden,
E. S, Ames, GUes MorriU,
NOVEMBER 9
1713 Capt, John Stoddard and the Rev, John Wil
Hams reached Northampton, having left Boston the
5th, and were joined by Capt, Thomas Baker and
Martin KeUogg, who had been captured with Eunice
but had succeeded in escaping. There were two
others in the party as they set out for Albany on
their Canadian mission.

372 Three Centuries in Champlain VallEy
1785 Charles Piatt wrote from Crown Point to his
brother, Zephaniah, " Dutchess county," sajring: —
" I left home the 5th Inst, all well have got all the Logs
on the Crib and mostly filled with dirt and finished according
to Directions, have called on Mr. Ferris for the wheat, tis not
yet delivered and I think tis not likely that any of it will be.
I shall get that at Col. Strong's to-day and retum as soon as
possible. I have purchased some wheat, as much as I shall
want for the winter and more. Mr. Wait bro't me about 3
Barrels of Beef and some potatoes, the steer here shall kill and
take home and shall husband everything to best advantage,
the Bearer hereof Mr. BaU has been to Plattsburgh to view
the Country and likes it well, there has been Nttmbers of People
to view and purchase since you left it but I had no direction,
nor no plan of the Town. I could give little satisfaction more
than shall give all encouragement Possible.
I called at Willsboro and learn that a Certain W Pope
& Co have taken Ross Mills and fixing them to Run this fall
and have actually got a Charter for a City and laid it out by
the name of Clinton, and are going do Great Business they
say. So that hope you will forward Matters as early in the
spring as possible that we may vie with them."
1864 Death of Maria D. (Kirtland) Myers, wife
of Lawrence Myers and daughter of John and
Lucy (Burbank) Kirtland of GranviUe, Memorial
windows in the First Presbyterian Church perpetuate
the memory of Mr. Myers and his wife and in memory
of their son, John Henry Myers, his widow, has, in
1909, given the equipment of the new Y, M. C. A.
Gymnasium.
1868 Henry LobdeU from Danby, Vt,, one of the
original settlers of Schuyler Falls, died at the age
of 86, respected by aU who knew him. He was a son
of Darius, Jr, (born at 9 Partners) and Angeleek
Secor, daughter of a French soldier accompanying
Lafayette, A farmer as well as blacksmith, Henry
LobdeU, found a market for the produce from his
500 acres in Albany,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 373
1894 Reception in the Normal school building by the
citizens of Plattsburgh to the officers of the Twenty-
first Infantry,
NOVEMBER 10
Nature will be found as busy in November as in April —
perhaps more so, if we could count all her shifts and stitches.
— Buckham.
1787 In a " frame house low on the ground " at
BurHngton, John Boynton, one of a family of nine,
seven boys and two girls, was bom. His father
had come a pioneer, about 1780, from New Hamp
shire through an almost unbroken wUderness, bring
ing his famUy on horseback. The father and all
the sons were among the first engaged in navigation
on Lake Champlain for the transportation of merchan
dise and passengers,
1792 A public meeting was held at the Block House
in Plattsburgh for the purpose of choosing trustees
to take in charge the temporalities of the congrega
tion of the town, and to form a corporation by the
name and style of the Tmstees of the Presbyterian
Church and Congregation of Plattsburgh and to call
a minister. The trustees chosen were : — ^John Addoms,
Charles Piatt, Nathaniel Piatt, Melancton L. Woolsey,
John Ransom, Nathan Averill.
1815 Vermont granted to John Winans, A, W, Bow
man, C, P, Van Ness, and E, D. Woodbridge the
sole and exclusive right of building and navigating
vessels on the Vermont waters of Lake Champlain
" by the force of steam " for a period of twenty-
three years.
1819 A dark day throughout the Champlain Valley,
" from about 2 o'clock p. m. candles were necessary
in transacting business within doors."

374 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1825 Commodore Thomas Macdonough, the hero of
Lake Champlain, died at sea,
1836 The wedding day of David R., son of David
Parsons and LilHs M, Mason, daughter of Aaron
and Margaret (Hodgkins) Mason, whose home was
on one of the roads leading into the Mihtary Turn
pike, The bride's pioneer mother, (bom on Long
Island, about 1790) while alone with her children,

commodorb macdonough, 1783-1825
was awakened by the sound of some large animal
clambering down the kitchen chimney. With quick
wit, Mrs, Mason kindled a brisk fire and vanquished
the intruder, which proved to be a panther (Cana
dian lynx) ,
1851 Mary E. White, wife of George Moore, died aged
44 years. Twenty years before she had gone forth
a bride from her father's house (now Home of the
Friendless) on Broad street. This house (later known
as the Benjamin Ketchum house) young Matthew
Standish built for his step-father, Elijah White of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 375
Granville, George Moore was a son of Samuel, who,
with his brother Andrew, settled in Plattsburgh.
Another brother, AUen, located in Champlain and
afterwards in Granville,
1 869 Major-General John EUis Wool died at Troy, N, Y,
1871 On Friday evening, the old Academy building
was bumed. No more would its scarred and bat
tered waUs, pitted with shot tell of the siege of
Plattsburgh, nor the " Angel Gabriel " blow his
trumpet in the winds of Heaven.

NOVEMBER 11
1763 ^-dispatched 3 Batteaux to Crown Point for some
of the provisions and they retumed loaded the 14th.
— Gilliland.
1766 John Smith retumed to my employ, and to con
tinue at 45s. per mo. to ist April next, then to take
a farm. — Idem.
1813 Retumed north — and in the aftemoon heard
heavy cannonading in direction of the lines. Troops
were sent out from many ways to this point, and
before going myself issued orders to the whole Corps
of Observation. — Williams.
1857 Isaac Smith, son of Allen Smith, patriot and
pioneer from Connecticut, died at the home of his
birth. He, with his brother, Harvey, and the
chUdren of the neighboring McCrady, Piatt and
MiUer famihes, attended the early school taught by
Mr, Halsey in the frame building in his front yard.
As early as 1785 or 1786 a school had been kept by
one Samuel Young and, about 1805-6, a Mr Taylor
kept a school in " Judge Piatt's old Dutch bam,"

376 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
which StiU stands at the end of Oak street, where it
was moved by Capt. Boynton from its original site
west of the Boynton house. To Mr. Halsey's school,
Benjamin J. Mooers used to trudge all the way from
his uncle's home on the Head.
1908 Installation of the Rev, John Bailey Kelly as the
fourteenth pastor of the First Presbjrterian Church,
This solemn service was conducted by the Presbytery
of Champlain, the Rev, John A, Macintosh of Malone,
Moderator of Presbjrtery, presiding and preaching
the sermon. The impressive Charge to the Pastor
was given by the Rev, Joseph T. Kelly, D, D,, of
Washington, D. C, father of the pastor-elect, and
the Rev, W, C. Taylor of KeesevUle gave the Charge to
the People, NOVEMBER 12
1687 A formidable part)'^ of Iroquois attacked the
stone fort at Chambly and though the garrison made
a successful resistance, the flourishing settlement
that had sprung up around it was ravaged and several
captives taken. Soon the whole country between the
St. Lawrence and Richelieu swarmed with savages,
"like the leaves of the forest in number and stronger
than the mighty oak," and the govemor, M, de
DenonviUe, was compelled to make peace, which the
savages hesitated not to break within a twelfth month,
1772 Birth, at Spencertown, N. Y,, of Benjamin,
youngest son of Noadiah Moore, He was named for
his grandfather, Benjamin Moore, of Poquonock,
Conn,, who was in the Louisburgh expedition and
died at Cape Breton in 1746, Young Benjamin
married Martha, daughter of Joseph Corbin, In
1797 he settled in Champlain and was the first
physician to reniain there and for fifteen years the
only one.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 377
1892 J, Gregory Smith, Vermont's war governor, died
at his home in St, Albans, his native place. A prac
tical farmer and representative of the agricultural
interests of the Green Mountain state and a gradu
ate of its university, he was also widely known as
a railroad pioneer and manager in Champlain Valley
for a third of a century. Just previous to the St.
Alban's raid, Bennett Young, who proved to be the
leader, caUedat the governor's and poHtely asked per
mission to inspect the grounds and stables. This was
readily accorded him. The raiders made their escape
on stolen horses. Little Dorothy Smith, a grand
daughter of the governor, was chosen with Master
Harry HUl of Buffalo, a great-grandson of Caleb HUl,
a martyr of the War of 181 2, at Isle La Motte to
tmveU the boulder erected on that island in 1909.
The stately organ pipes, o'erlaid with gold,
Look down on reverent worshipers. — Bufikham.
1909 Inaugural organ recital given in the First Pres
byterian church by J, Warren Andrews, organist of
the Church of the Divine Patemity, New York City,
assisted by Miss Grace Bullock, soprano, of Boston.
The new organ was built by the Estey Organ com
pany of Brattleboro, Vt., and has pneuqiatic action
throughout.
NOVEMBER 13
1773 Birth of Joseph Israel Green, son of Israel
(bom in Westchester county, N. Y., Jan. 7, 1743-
4) and Sarah (Deane) Green of Nine Partners, Israel
Green was associated with the Platts in Dutchess
county and, like them, settled in Plattsburgh, All
were originaUy from Long Island, The people of
Nine Partners were life tenants of the patentees
and had no fee simple title as had those who had
settled on the " Oblong Strip," Here a clear title

378 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
could be obtained after the adjustment of the bound
ary Hne between New York and Connecticut had
been concluded and to this came many famUies from
Rhode Island, among them Friend Barlow Green
of Warwick, whose son, Israel (bom Jan. 26, 1726),
is easily confused with Israel of Nine Partners,
1775 General Prescott surrenders, not only his fleet,
but a large part of the garrison of Montreal and
many persons of civil and mihtary prominence who
had sought safety on the vessels, to Montgomery
who now enters the city,
1909 Wesleyan University honors President Matthew
H, Buckham, D, D,, of the University of Vermont,
one of the foremost educators and thinkers of New
England as well as of Champlain VaUey, with the
degree of LL, D, Though of EngHsh birth and
Scotch-English parentage. President Buckham has
spent most of his Hfe in Burlington and is a graduate
of its University, with which he has been connected
either as a professor or president for more than half
a century. Since 1871, when he was caUed to the
presidency, the University has shown a steady growth
and the gathering, at its Centennial in July, 1904 of
college presidents and delegates with representa
tives of the United States Supreme Court and of the
Army, Navy and States Courts, was a notable one,
NOVEMBER 14
And there's never a bird on bough or spray,
Alas, how dreary : — Buckham.
1869 In the white house, buUt for a boarding house
for the Academy on the hill straight up from the
dock at Westport, but the home for many years of
John Hatch Low, " Squire Low," as he was famU-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 379
iarly called, was gathered to his fathers. He was
bom Sept. 17, 1799, in Brookfield, town of Wills
boro, whither his father, Wilson Low (a dmmmer
boy under Washington at Valley Forge) had come
with his brother-in-law, Charles Hatch, both pioneers
from Connecticut. In 1801 they moved to Bessboro,
now Westport, and there from 1823, John Hatch
Low, the youngest of his father's family, engaged in
mercantUe business and held various town offices.
He was postmaster many years when that office
was kept in the stone building owned by the Lows
but bumed in the 70s, His wife, Eliza Rising, was
a daughter of Asahel Rising, a custom house official
under Peter SaiUy, and Hannah Perkins (of the
Massachusetts family famous in the settlement of Cleve
land, Ohio), Of their ten chUdren but two survive,
1884 This week the new County Building, ordered
by the Supervisors of CHnton county, was occupied
for the first time.
1909 At Sunnyside, Plainfield, N, J., Letitia M.,
beloved wife of the late Lawrence Myers, Esq., passed
to the Hfe beyond. She was the daughter of the
Rev. Frederick Halsey and the last of his family.
Her young womanhood was spent in beautiful devo
tion to her aged parents and to the church of which
he was the first pastor. Here she gave her services
as organist many years and to the end retained
an affectionate interest in its welfare.
The new organ in the Presbyterian Church
dedicated and used in divine service for the first time.
Where Time's great organ stands in spaces dim,
God sets some lives to shine and some to hide.
But in the darkened chamber where they bide
The hidden reeds breathe sweetest praise to Him —
— Buckham.

380 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
NOVEMBER 15
1809 Arrival at Sudbury, Ohio, after a joumey of two
months and eleven days from Peru, N, Y,, of Cyrus
Benedict with his wife and three children. In
December, 1810, they removed to Peru township.
Morrow cotmty, their log cabin being the first in that
township. Two years later the aged parents of Cyrus
also came and within a decade "the rest of the Bene
dicts, Bucks, Bunkers, Earls, Osboms and Handlys"
followed them. When Grandmother Benedict died
in 1 82 1 "she had one hundred and two descendants,
all except two of whom lived within 16 miles of her,"
Hannah, her daughter-in-law, died in 1862 and was
buried in the Friends' Cemetery near the Alum Creek
Meeting House, Peru township.
There has a kindly feeling grown
Among that people, firm and high,
Like some strong bulwark upward thrown.
To shield when foemen's grape reply.
— " The Hamlet " by Byron Sunderlin.
1863 The Rev, Luke Harney, a native of Schuyler
Falls, said his first mass as pastor of Port Henry,
where he labored with great success during the fol
lowing sixteen years and built up the Messiah church
at MinevUle, besides looking after the churches at
Westport, Crown Point and HammondvUle,

NOVEMBER 16
1803 Birth of Charles Frederick Halsey, oldest son" of
the Rev, Frederick, FoUowing in the footsteps of his
honored father, he was licensed by Champlain Pres
bytery in 1 83 5 and ordained the next year. The Rev,
Charles Frederick had a family of eleven chUdren,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 381
the same number as his grandparents, CorneHus and
MeHcant (Rogers) Halsey in Long Island, Removing
west in '58, he preached at Fosterburgh, 111,, where
he died in 1882,
1823 Death of Col, Septa Fillmore, a cousin of MiUard
Fillmore and one of the first settlers of Chazy village,
where he built a hotel of logs in 1799, His wife, a
sister of Bela Edgerton, came in the winter of 1800,
her father taking her in a sleigh as far as Middlebury,
Vt, , where she was met by her husband. For months
before the battle of Plattsburgh, officers boarded at
FUlmore's tavern. There was a separate bake house
and at one time several hundred loaves of bread
were baked and handed as fast as possible through a
window to soldiers on their way to Plattsburgh,
During the War of 181 2 Landlord Fillmore com
manded a company of mihtia,
1840 Henry Harrison Markham was born in Wilming
ton and received his education at the schools of
his native place and at Wheeler's academy, Vermont.
In 1861 he removed to Wisconsin, from which state
he entered the army and was with Sherman on his
famous march to the sea. Though he never fuUy
recovered from a wound received at the battle of
Whippy Swamp, he settled in California in 1878, was
successful in business, was elected to Congress, made
a manager of the National Soldiers' Home and in
1890 elected govemor of California by the Republi
cans,
1841 The MacDonough, valued at twelve thousand
doUars, was wrecked on a reef in Panton Bay.
1859 Death of Achsa (Smith) Thurber, widow of Gen.
, Ezra Thurber, Their marriage occurred March 15,

382 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1806. Both were from Massachusetts; he, from
Dartmouth; she, from Athol, where she was bom
September 2, 1781. In 1803 Rouse's Point, then
rising fifteen feet above high water mark, contained
but six smaU huts. Soon, however, Ezra Thurber
built the first frame house.

NOVEMBER 17
1763 Mr. GillUand wrote (probably from memoranda
kept by his steward during his absence). — "began to
make a road from MUltown to R. McAwley 's bam."
1817 The "Rev. Frederick Halsey assumed charge
of the Academy as Principal, with Miss Cook as
Lady Principal,"
1836 The last preparative meeting (like a local church
service) was held in the meeting-house at Grand
Isle, After that the buUding stood Httle used until
demoHshed in 1880, and the title to the land passed
to others about 1904. The Hixite controversy had
brought about internal troubles for the Society of
Friends at large and aided in tearing down what
persecution had buUt up. The sole survivor of this
faith who has not accepted other rehgious connec
tions, is Friend Joseph T, Macomber. A man of
rare intelligence and kindliness, he lives at peace
with all and is greatly beloved by his neighbors.
A horticulturist of no mean standing, he is especiaUy
successful with smaU fruits and flowers, and has a
green house fuU of the latter.
In 1899, descendants of Friends brought an
immense boulder from the west shore, near the site
of the original log meeting-house and placed it in

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 383
the Friend's cemetery, opposite the site of the last
edifice. Chiseled in the rock is the following:
ERECTED A. D. 1 899
IN
MEMORY OF
THE SOCIETY OP FRIENDS
IN
1827
They erected a meeting house near this spot, where
for 50 years they worshiped God. They stood for
freedom of Conscience, universal peace, spirituality
of worship. Having finished their labors they here
lie buried and their works do foUow them.
" Ye are my friends if ye do whatsoever I command you,"
— John, 15-14,
Daniel Hoag, 1 761-1809
Wesson Macomber, 1 764-1 81 8
W)Tnan Chamberlain, 1 772-1838
Warren Corbin, 1 769-1 834
James Tobias, 1759-1810
Jonathan Griffith,
Mosher Hoag,  1807
Lavinia C. Hoag, 1 804-1 891
James Hoag, 1805-189 7
Anna T. Hoag, 1821-1888
Seth Hoag, 1 798-1 887
Sarah Hoag, 1 798-1 880
NOVEMBER 18
1766 — the navigation of our river from the spring
weU to Chism's was this day stop'd by ice.
— Gilliland.

384 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1771 The marriage of John Sax and Catherine]Weaver
took place at the home of her parents at Rhinebeck.
The bride is described as of unusual beauty, having
a fair complexion with black hair and eyes. She
was then 27 years old and the groom, 39. He was
a miller and cooper by trade and for some years had
been in charge of flouring miUs at VaUey Forge
before his removal to New York City, whence he had
come to Rhinebeck. There, or in the vicinity, he
Hved nineteen years and there their eight sons were
bom, Mrs, Weaver's sister, EHzabeth, married
Conrad Barr and both famUies removed to Highgate,
Another sister became the wife of George FeUows,
1813 Came back from the lines to Plattsburgh, at
night, having obeyed orders in every particular,
sent my report to Chief, — Williams.
1885 The new Methodist Episcopal Church in Platts
burgh was dedicated by Bishop Bowman.
Great God! we consecrate to Thee
All that we are or hope to be ;
This earthly temple, too.
Grant that Thy radiance, so divine.
To light Thine altar here may shine,
As pure as angels' view.
Song at Dedication of M. E. Church, Middlebury, Vt., by
Byron Sunderlin, D. D., Shoreham, Vt. — Washington, D. C.
NOVEMBER 19
1819 A year or so after the organization of a Metho
dist Episcopal Church in Plattsburgh village, a class
was formed with David Brock as leader. The
original members were: — Sheldon Durkee, Ann Dur
kee, Mary Bacon, Maria Haynes, PoUy AveriU,
Patience Miller, John WeUs (from whom Wells street
is named) and Michael McDermott, to which were

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 385
now added John Addams and wife (parents of the
Rev, J, Townsend Addams who settled in 1802 at
West Plattsburgh), David Brock, PhUena Brock,
Phebe Edgerton, Ann Smith, and Mr. and Mrs.
Joseph I. Green, Public services were held until
1 83 1 in the Court House. Among the communicants
was " Black Maria Haynes," a pathetic sight, going
soHtary and alone to the table of her Lord.
1865 St. Peter's Church of Plattsburgh dedicated by
Bishop Conroy, assisted by seventeen priests. Father
G, Thibault of Longueil, C. E., preaching the sermon.

NOVEMBER 20
1759 In the service at Crown Point, Samuel, son of
Eleazer Graves of Athol, Mass., died and, in 1760, on
his way home from the army at Crown Point, Adon-
ijah BaU, a brother of Corporal Moses Ball of the Rev
olution, died at Saratoga, These were sons of Isaac
and Rachel BaU, who had removed from Brookfield,
Mass., to Athol, Eleazer Graves, with his brother
Nathaniel, the Smiths, Aaron and Ephriam, Mortons,
Richard and Samuel, Olivers, WiUiam, John, James,
and Robert, was of the original company formed at
Hatfield for the settlement of Athol, "The Olivers
were direct from Ireland, stout hardy, resolute men,"
and in the early part of the nineteenth century,
Thomas Oliver, a descendant bought the Gen,
Mooers house on the Head, The slave quarters
where the slaves were locked at night, were still
intact and the eleven fireplaces furnished sufficient
brick for the "bricking-up" of the entire stmcture
as it now stands.
1763 20th and 21st Nov,, Wm, Luckey, and John
Watson divided the hay, — Gilliland.

386 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1775 The Green Mountain Boys, who had enHsted
under Wamer, not having suitable clothing to with
stand the rigors of a Canadian winter, were honorably
discharged and retumed to their homes.
1813 A Council of War to-day, in which I was made
conspicuous as the only person who could give the
desired information. In the Council disclosures were
made in relation to the plans, which were contrary
to my expectations, and far from being honorable to
the pubhc service. The decision, however, may yet
be reversed, but in the meantime outspoken demon
stration must be made by the American army of its
intended invasion of the British Province. The
Rangers report the enemy is not so formidable in our
front as to give any fear of unfavorable result if our
advance was made upon them. The Canadians are
still unwilHng to bear arms against the Americans,
since they had a skirmish with the royal troops at
La Chine in August last. They are forced into the
service, and are not to be depended on. — Williams.
1841 The Tmstees of School Districts Nos. i and 2
united the libraries into one under the name of the
Union Library, To this collection of about 240 vol-.
umes, the Academy library of some 150 volumes was
soon added and, by voluntary contributions and pur
chases, a library of 2,500 volumes was coUected,
This was kept in the second story of Fireman's HaU,
on the site of the present Town HaU, on the South
side of the Park, which was bumed with aU it con
tained in the great fire of August, 1849,
NOVEMBER 21
1816 Col. Stephen Pearl, one of the most striking char
acters among the early settlers of BurHngton died,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 387
at his home, where for many years distinguished
strangers "from within or without the state" and the
poor and friendless alike had been received with
generous hospitaHty, Col, Pearl was a captain at
Bunker Hill, a colonel of the Rutland county mihtia
and present at the "Rutland Shay's Rebellion," also
town clerk of Burlington and sheriff of the county,
1819 "Transportation of merchandise on the canal has
already commenced," — From a letter written from Whitehall
to Plattsburgh.
1832 John Henry Hopkins, Bishop of Vermont, began
his permanent residence at BurHngton, his first
Episcopal act being the consecration of the recently
finished stone church. The same day Joseph Hoag,
the Friend to whom, in the eighth or ninth month in
the year 1803, in a remarkable vision, approaching
divisions in the various religious sects, among the
Free Masons and between the Northem and Southern
States, had been revealed, set out to perform a reh
gious visit to Friends in Upper Canada, The first stop
was made at Chateaugay, but there the people
"appeared fixed in a choice of a popular religion,"
so that the gospel seemed to make but little impres
sion. This joumey included a visit to the Yearly
Meeting of Philadelphia,
1 846 Friend Joseph Hoag finished his course in his 85 th
year at his home in Charlotte, Vt,, to which he had
come, in 1789 or '90, from his native place, Dutchess
county, N, Y, He was the eldest child- of Elijah and
Phebe Hoag, Friends who settled in Oblong, where, in
1777, the father was seized, carried to Esopas (King
ston) and put on board the fleet-prison on account of
his faith. The journeys of Joseph Hoag, extending

388 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
from Nova Scotia through New England and the
Southern States and west to the Mississippi, lasted for
many months and were attended by many hardships,
but, upheld by the "inner Hght," he never faltered.
1906 Commander Leroy Mason Garrett was swept
from the deck of his vessel, the United States Fisheries
steamer Albatross, when about 500 miles northeast
of Honolulu. Commander Garrett was bom in Beek
mantown in 1857 and entered Annapolis from Platts
burgh in 1875, A monument to his memory in
Arlington Cemetery, erected by his mother, Mrs,
Esther Dunning, is the first in the cemetery to the
memory of one not interred there,
NOVEMBER 22
1766 — this day paid of Frans Galland, who this
day went away, — Gilliland.
1772 John, son of EHsha and EHzabeth (Fish) AUen,
married Phoebe, daughter of Joseph and Rachel
(Smith) Deuel, John first settled in Cambridge,
Washington county, on a farm near his father, but
during the war they went back to Dutchess county,
afterwards retuming with six children. About 1810
they removed to Peru, now Ausable, Clinton county,
where both died, John, in 1825 and his wife, Phoebe,
in 1845. They were the parents of fifteen children.
Several of their sons settled on part of the original
tract purchased by their father at Allen's hill,
1837 On the Chambly road near Longueuil, the first
blood was shed in the " Great Insurrection," This
event followed the arrest by a troop of horse of
Demaray, a notary, and Dr, D' Avignon, both from
St, John's and sympathizers in the cause.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 389
NOVEMBER 23
1794 In a log cabin standing in a clearing to which
his father had come in March, 1792, Richard Keese,
Jr. was bom. " The mother of Richard Keese
(Anna HaUock) would have been a notable woman
wherever found." His father, in 1812, became the
owner of most of the land on which the viUage of
KeeseviUe now stands and was prominent in the

¦ "'-^li, W^^if^^"''''

GILBERT THAYER, LL. D.,
Popular Educator from Essex County.

Upbuilding of its industries. At his deathfin'*'r82i
his son Richard succeeded to his place and became a
leading figure, especially in the iron business in its
various branches. In 1826 he was elected to Congress
and later served as one of the judges of the old Clinton
Common Pleas. For years Judge Keese was the only
Democrat who could be elected supervisor for the
old town of Peru. In those days KeeseviUe was most
prosperous. The new academy building was erected

390 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
on the site of the old in 1845 and about 1852 Gilbert
Thayer, a grandson of Silas, one of the first settlers
ol WUmington, became principal. Immediately the
attendance increased from 60 to over 200, students
flocking to the school from all parts of Essex county
and the southern towns of CHnton. Among the
students were many who in after years became
men of note, among them the Rev. Joseph Cook,
Bishop Goodsell, Louis N. Beaudry, " the lamented
chaplain," Osceola Kyle, a popular educator of
Vermont, and Erastus BuUard, who became principal
of a large female college of lUinois, where Mr. Thayer
also removed, becoming a leading educator of the
State.

LOUIS JOSEPH PAPINEAU,
The Canadian Patriot, 1786-1871.

1837 The battle of St. Denis, the opening combat of
the " Great Insurrection " in Canada, was fought.
This uprising was soon put down by regular troops.
Dr. Nelson, a prominent figure in the insurrection

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 391
was exiled but the bill of general amnesty gave him
a chance to retum to Canada, where, in 1845, he
was honored by election to Parhament and in 1854
became mayor of Montreal, Louis Joseph Papineau,
the Canadian statesman whose impassioned oratory
in defense of the liberties of the people had given
rise to the rebelHon, also retumed from exile and
died peacefully at Montebello, his beautiful home on
the Ottawa river about 50 miles below Ottawa,
Sept, 17, 1871, NOVEMBER 24
1711 Martha French, given by her Indian captors to
the Sisters of the Congregation, and receiving the
additional name of Marguerite, was married to
Jacques Roi of St. Lambert, Her sister Freedom,
now Marie Francoise French, was one of the witnesses,
1763 — ^began to clear a road to south meadow from
the lake, and to make a yard for cattle at Wm.
Luckey's lot. — Gilliland.

NOVEMBER 25
1799 Charles Marsh and Martha Howe, daughter of
John Howe, were married in Plattsburgh, In com
pany with the Howe family from Canaan, Conn.,
Charles Marsh, then a young man about twenty, a
native of Salisbury, Conn., settled in Beekmantown
as early as 1795 or earlier; Mr, Marsh and his wife
were both members of the Presbyterian Church of
Beekmantown and he was an Elder, They had ten
children. The main body of the right wing of the
British army passed their home on the march to
Plattsburgh and many a shot left its mark on their
dweUing.

392 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1838 The spirit of Margaret Miller Davidson took its
flight. Her earthly remains rest in the cemetery at
Saratoga, Lucretia's mantle had indeed fallen upon
her sister whose Hfe had bumed itself out in the same
way after only fifteen years and eight months. The
development of this baby sister, Lucretia had watched
with greatest delight, prophesying for her the same
poetic genius, Margaret, in turn, imbued with this

MARGARET MILLER DAVIDSON

idea sought to fulfil it. The love of both for their
own home and family was consuming as the titles
of many of their poems show, among them: — "To
My Old Home at Plattsburgh," " To my Mother on
Christmas Day," " On the Birth of a Sister," " To
Brother L— ," "To Margaret's Eye," etc,
NOVEMBER 26
1766 John McAuley with some hands, went to Canada
for wheat; this day we had the first snow storm, an
inch deep. — Gilliland.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 393
1769 Israel Green was under discipline at Nine Part
ners meeting.
1785 " Margarite (Eunice WilHams), mother-in-law of
Onasategen," was buried at Caughnawaga, She
was eighty-nine years old,
1789 Coi, John Trumbull arrived in New York, fresh
from the opening scenes of the French Revolution.
He continued his painting and just previous to the
War of 181 2, petitioned the New York Legislature
to aUow his wife (of English birth) to own property

JUDGE JONAS PLATT,
From portrait by Samuel F. B. Morse now owned by Mrs. M, P. Myers,
in this coimtry. On the final vote Senator Jonas
Piatt stood alone in voting in favor of the petition,
in recognition of which Trumbull painted the por
trait of the Judge (opposite page 192) placing the
date of the vote and foUowing motto on the back: —
" Justum et tenacem propositi virum, non civium ardor
prava jubentium mente quatit solida." — " A just man and tenacious
of the right, no popular passion shakes him from his firm purpose,"

394 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
NOVEMBER 27
1755 Gen, Johnson, having dismissed the New Eng
land mihtia, left 6oo men to garrison the new Fort
William Henry and went into winter quarters.
1771 Gov. Tryon of New York issued a proclamation,
offering a reward of twenty pounds each, for the
arrest of Ethan Allen, Seth Wamer, Remember
Baker and some others.
1775 "I shall set out by land to-morrow moming
for Ticonderoga, and proceed with the utmost des
patch, as knowing our whole dependence for cannon
will be from that post,"
— Col. Henry Knox at New York to Washing
ton at Cambridge.
1786 The first girl bom at North Hero — Dame ICnight,
a daughter of John Knight, To Enos Wood was bom
the first boy, to whom the name of Adin was given,
1819 The Plattsburgh Republican of this date has
the foUowing notice :
" ASSIZE OF BREAD
" Two pounds eight ounces.
" Agreeable to the by-laws of the viUage of
Plattsburgh, it is ordered that a shilling loaf, made of
good wheat-flour, shaU weigh two pounds and
eight ounces, and a sixpenny loaf one pound and
four ounces, until a further order,
" G, Sperry, President."
1890 At the advanced age of 94, JuHa (Lynde)
Nichols, widow of John Nichols, died at the home of
her son, Col. George Nichols, She was a daughter
of the Revolutionary soldier, Jonathan Lynde and

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 395
his wife, Molly Franklin, early settlers of Essex
County, their eldest daughter, Elizabeth, bom March
4, 1784, being the first white child bom in Wills
boro, Essex County.
" It is the spirit of our brave and loyal ancestors that we
want; the spirit that led women like Molly Franklin Lynde to
keep the wild beast and the red man at bay, guarding their
children with musket and ax, while the husband and father
fought his share of the battle for country and freedom in the
ranks of the army far away."
— Miss Helen Palmer at the unveiling of the Gen. Mooers'
Memorial Tablet.
NOVEMBER 28
1759 Gen, Bourlemaque withdrew most of his forces
from the frontier, leaving 300 men under Capt. Lusig
nan in the stockaded fort at Isle aux Noix. At Fort
St, John there was a garrison of 200 and to protect
the frontier the battaHon of La Reine was quartered
at Fort Chambly.
1766 Snow aU gone. — Gilliland.
1847 Death of Judge John S. Larrabee, who settled in
Shoreham in 1783 and from whom Larrabee 's Point
takes its name. He was one of the early surveyors,
established the first regular ferry at the Point and
became Judge of Probate and the County Court. Of
a social nature, trustworthy and inteUigent, he made
many friends. NOVEMBER 29
1752 Birth of John AUen, who, with several of his
father's family became a pioneer of the Champlain
VaUey. He was a son of EHsha Allen of Dartmouth,
Mass., and Washington county, N. Y.
1763 Began to look for the cattle, having sent out 3
men. — Gilliland.

396 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1796 Darius LobdeU, an early settler of Danby and
veteran of Bennington, died, his wife Mary surviving
until 1825, "In FaU of 1763 or Spring of 1764 a
road was laid out by Darius LobdeU and Samuel
Rose — formerly of Nine Partners, N, Y,, from Ben
nington to Danby, Vt," Several of the children of
Darius located on the westem side of the lake.

GENERAL MOOERS.
1813 Plattsburg,— I have made an arrangement with
Gen, Mooers, in relation to my department, and I
am preparing once more to cross the Lake for my old
quarters at Charlotte, The enemy is rejoicing to
see that our armies are going into winter quarters.
Peace be with him. — Williams.

NOVEMBER 30
1766 — snowed all day, with some rain, this opened
the river. — Gilliland.
Be still, my heart! let mem'ry's touch divine.
Bring back past joys to glad this soul of mine.
And spread the kindly veil o'er doubt and pain.
I would not call back grief's but pleasure's form again.
— Lieut. Davidson.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 397
DECEMBER 1
Then ho! for the field when December draws on. — Buckham.
1759 Rogers and his remaining men reached Crown
Point. They had punished the St, Francis Indians
and stopped further depredations, but 49 men had
been lost on the retum trip and those left on the banks
of the Connecticut had barely saved themselves
from starving by eating ground nuts and lily roots.
1766 Froze hard, the river froze again. — Gilliland.
1775 Montgomery joined Amold at Point aux Trem
bles, about twenty miles above Quebec, Benjamin
Vaughan, son of Dr, Benjamin Vaughan, who had
died at Manchester, N, H, in 1766, was among
the troops who had survived the march with Amold,
Benjamin reached Quebec about ten days after
Montgomery's death and there had small pox, but
Hved to serve out his enlistment and became a
pioneer in the Champlain valley,
1787 David Breakenridge McNeil, son of John and
Mary (Breakenridge) McNeil, was bom at Charlotte,
Vt, In 1806, he entered the U, V, M,, when Presi
dent Sanders and one tutor constituted the entire
faculty. He left coUege in 1808 and soon removed
to Essex, N, Y., where he studied law with Dean
Edson and was admitted to the bar in October, 181 1,
The preceding February he had been appointed
lieutenant in the Essex county mihtia; a Httle later
adjutant, and in July inspector of customs for the
district of Champlain,
1804 A road was laid out "Leading from Montie's
Bay to Intersect the one Runing from Lake Cham-

398 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
plain Due West on the north Line of Dean's Patent
at Ezra Graves'. " Also, one "from Laflomboire
bay to Barnabas Minkley's, where it inter^^rt^ the
Road Leading from Montie's Bay,"
1838 Death at Plattsburgh, of Elder Elias Woodmff,
son of the Revolutionary soldier, Silas Woodruff, of
Capt, Zephaniah Rogers' company, Suffolk county
militia, Elias Woodruff, like Judge Treadwell, Eze-
kial Hubbard, the Dominys and Millers, came from
Suffolk county and settled on the State road, where
he became the owner of several farms. His wife,
also from Long Island, was Abigail Leeke,
1909 Lake Champlain lightly frozen from Whitehall
to Chimney Point,

DECEMBER 2
1763 — this moming began a snow storm, being found
to be the first laying snow, and this day completed
the road to McAwley's, which in aU took 33 hands
for one day, — Gilliland.
1766 The saw mill stopped, as was the turning mUl
some days ago, good walking on the ice to the mouth
of the river, — Idem.
1813 Mr, SaiUy appointed assistants, John Palmer and
Nathaniel H. Treadwell (keepers of public stores),
Plattsburgh; James Campbell, French MUls; James
S. Allen, Chateaugay; Othniel Taylor (storekeeper),
Burlington; Justus Bellamy, Vergennes; and Messrs,
Reed and Hart, Whitehall,
Mr, WilHams records the escape from arrest of
Gen. Hampton, who had received timely warning at

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 399
French MiUs and secured passage on a steamer to
WhitehaU.
1857 Altona formed from Chazy, This locahty was
first settled la rgely through the discovery of an unusu
ally attractive site by Simeon Wood of Shoreham,
who had come to Plattsburgh, In 1 798, while seeking
a yoke of oxen that had strayed away several weeks
before from the farm of Mr, Piatt, on what is
now the Boynton road. Wood came upon this tract
and when on retuming to Shoreham to spend the
winter months he described it as "the handsomest
land you ever set your eyes on, more than a thou
sand acres as level as a house floor and so rich
that the nettles grow nearly as high as my head ;
splendidly watered, too, by a spring-fed stream that
is chock-fuU of trout," it was no wonder that
Stephen, Joab and WUHam Atwood were induced to
become settlers.
1871 Death of Elder Lawrence Myers, a native of
Herkimer, who had removed to Plattsburgh, in 1828,
from WhitehaU, opening at that time a store for
general merchandise on the northwest comer of
Water and Bridge streets. His grandfather was
from Holland, but his father, Joseph Myers, just
before the Revolution, went from New Jersey to
Herkimer. In December, 1831, Lawrence Myers,
Chester Balch, John Boynton and Jonas Piatt were
ordained elders of the Presb)^erian church, Mr,
Myers subsequently engaged in the lumber and iron
business on the Saranac river,
1882 A public meeting was held to consider the build
ing of an opera house, A committee was appointed
but no action taken.

400 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
DECEMBER 3
1732 Gov. Beauhamois and the Intendant Hocquart
deeded to Pierre de Lestage, husband of Marie Jose
Sayer (formerly Esther Sayward, the eight-year-old
Indian captive from York) a large addition to his
seigniory, for he had built the first CathoHc church
at Berthier, about 1723, and was "worthy of it."
1763 — ^began to make a road from McAwley's to
Elizabeth bay. Yesterday we got the first part
of our cattle, 6 in number.— Gilliland.
1766 Snow, sent men to collect our cattle and take
them to the meadows. Surveyed the river from the
landing to the lake, being assisted by James Thomp
son. — Idem.
Until the snow comes the book of nature lacks an index.
— Buckham in the Record of the Snow.
1806 Clinton Lodge, F. and A, M., was chartered by
"the Most Worshipful the Hon, DeWitt CHnton,
Grand Master," to "Brother Melancton Smith, to
be first Master; our Worthy Brother Henry De
Lord, to be Senior Warden; and our Worthy Brother,
George Marsh, to be Junior Warden," The charter
still preserved, is one of the very few of that date
in existence. The lodge flourished until the Morgan
excitement, when its charter was surrendered. The
"Lodge Room" was in the half -story or attic of
Israel Greene's Inn, an "oblong apartment, with
slightly arched ceiling," "finished in appropriate
design as a Masonic hall, with a neat robing room
attached," Two smaU windows set with tiny panes
of glass, shadowed by outside chimneys and an
annex, built later than the main part of the house,
admitted the only Hght from without.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 401
DECEMBER 4
1744 Darius LobdeU, after the death of his father,
Capt. Joshua, of the French and Indian wars, chose
his older brother Caleb for his guardian. His aunt,
Susannah LobdeU, had married Seaborn Burt, whose
strange name was in itself a reminder of the circum
stances of his birth at sea, when his parents, Benja
min and Sarah (Belding) Burt, both captured at
Deerfield, were on the voyage to Boston, having been
redeemed, with about forty others through the nego
tiations of Ensign Sheldon,
1763 Excessive cold, the snow deep, McLean, and
Ayres began to make shingles at Luckey's,
—Gilliland.
1804 Marriage of Heman Allen of Milton to Sarah,
daughter of Dr. Jonathan Prentis of St. Albans, a
descendant of Capt, John Prentis of New London,
Conn, Mr, and Mrs. Allen had nine children, among
them, Prof, George Allen of the University of Penn
sylvania, Sarah (Mrs, John K, Converse of BurHng
ton), Charles P, of Port Kent, Joseph W, of Milton,
and James H, of Montreal,
1813 — ^The cold weather has commenced with all its
severity, in this northem climate. My health is
extremely feeble — this, I trust, is for my good — it
reminds me of the uncertainty of my existence here
* * * My father and brother are with me here, — Col.
WiUiams has just retumed from his command, at
the Lines, several officers are with him, — Williams.
1825 Joseph-Octave Plessis, Bishop of Quebec, died
suddenly at the hospital of the Hotel-Dieu, He was
a grandson of little Martha French and great-grand
son of Dea. Thos. French (both Deerfield captives).

402 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Often, in his visitations to Caughnawaga, the good
bishop had recognized among the Indian women,
his grandmother's sister, Abigail, who, captured by
Indians, grew up and died unmarried among them.
DECEMBER 5
1775 The united forces of Montgomery and Amold
arrive within sight of the walls of Quebec,
1812 Rosannah (Noble) Averill, wife of Nathan
Averill, Sr., died. She was bom July 12, 1752,
the daughter of Stephen Noble, and was married
March 31, 1768, Her remains were placed in the
home cemetery at the head of Broad street.
1842 Death of John Warford, He was admitted to
the bar in 1805, and subsequently became judge of
the Common Pleas. He was Aide-de-Camp to Gen,
Mooers during the war of 1812-14, and made one of
that group of men who were wont to gather in good
fellowship at the inn of Israel Green, The pUlared
house on Charlotte street (known once as the Gough
House) was built by him.
The same day Elkanah Watson, the friend and
associate of Washington, the Adamses, Franklin,
Jefferson, Lafayette, Count de Vergennes, Gen,
Schuyler, John Trumbull, Robert Fulton, Lord
Shelburne, and many others, died at his home at Port
Kent, That vUlage, chiefiy founded by him and
named for the chancellor, was his home from 1828,
Here he spent most of his time with questions of
horticulture and agriculture and the embellishment of
his grounds. Through his individual efforts the State
road from Port Kent to Hopkinton in St. Lawrence
county was successfully accomplished, A simple
obelisk, erected to his memory at Port Kent, refers

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 403
to him as the founder and first president of the
Berkshire Agricultural Society, expressing the senti
ment, "May Generations yet unborn learn by his
example to love their country,"
1859 Arrival, late on Monday, at Westport, of Mrs,
Brown and her party with the remains of her husband,
John Brown, executed on December 2 at Charlestown,
The party, consisting of the widow, Mrs, Mary A,
Brown, Mr, WendeU PhUlips, Frank B. Sanbom and
others, had come by way of the Hudson, by rail to
Vergennes thence by teams to Adams' Ferry and
then across to Barber's Point, That night was passed
at Person's Hotel, Westport.
1 89 1 Edgar P. Wadhams, Bishop of Ogdensburgh, died.
" I want all my priests and people to know how the first
bishop of Ogdensburg died."
The priests are for the people not the people for the priests.
— Wadhams.
1 899 At noon, from the shipyard of the Gas Engine and
Power company, Morris Heights, was launched the
new torpedo boat destroyer Bailey, named in honor
of the late Rear Admiral Theodorus Bailey, "who
in peace or war for fifty-nine years so gallantly
served in the navy of our land." Miss Florence
Beekman BaUey, daughter of Edmund S, Bailey,
the admiral's only son, christened the boat and the
family will present a silver loving cup for the Bailey's
wardroom,
1909 In the M, E, church of East Middlebury, Vt.,
the Rev. Sedgwick W, Bidwell, said to be the oldest
clergyman in the world, observed his looth birthday
by preaching a sermon of 25 minutes' duration, Mr.
Bidwell is probably the only person living who
remembers distinctly the battle of Plattsburgh.

404 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
DECEMBER 6
1778 Arrival at Quebec of the prisoners taken by
Carleton during his raid. Among them were Nathan
and Marshall Smith of Bridport, Benjamin Kellogg,
Ward and Joseph Everest of Addison, Holcomb
Spalding, two Ferrises, Granby of Panton, and
Hinckly of Shoreham. The two last were liberated
to care for the women and children, who, after
Burg03me's defeat, had retumed to their abandoned
homes, Kellogg and Everest had been partners in
the carrying trade, owning sloops together, KeUogg,
after escaping the following spring and being retaken,
died in prison during the winter of '79, Everest
succeeded in escaping a second time from his captors
and finally reached home. The party escaping from
Quebec had only a small sack of flour, a frying pan,
hatchet (or tomahawk) and smaU compass (i } inches
in diameter), afterwards treasured by Everest's
descendants,
1805 George Provost was created an EngHsh baronet
and was the same year appointed major-general and
in 181 1 lieutenant-general, at the same time succeed
ing Sir James Craig as govemor-in-chief and com
mander of aU the forces in British North America.
1847 A meeting was held at the Phoenix hotel (present
site of Cumberland house) for the purpose of taking
measures to construct a plank road from Plattsburgh
to Redford. Among those especially interested was
Moss Kent Piatt, who, well knowing the importance
of such a road for the development of the lumber
and iron interests of Saranac valley, labored zealously
for it,
1859 "A steady, icy down-pOur" of rain all day. The
sad funeral cortege of John Brown arrived at EHza-

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 405
bethtown about six o'clock. At Wadhams, Mr.
Daniel Braman and young Dr, George T. Stevens
joined the company. The body of John Brown was
placed in the court room of the old Court House
and guarded during the long December night by four
young men — Richard L, Hand, A, C. H, Livingston,
Orlando Kellogg and Henry J, Adams, At the hotel,
then kept by EHsha A. Adams, sheriff of Essex
county, the people of Elizabethtown gathered to
meet WendeU PhilHps and other members of the
sad-hearted company.
1898 Formation of the Political Equality Committee,
which held its last meeting, as a committee in Clinton
County Court House, inviting the public to listen
to Miss Harriet May MiUs on the subject of Woman
Suffrage, After the address, the chairman. Prof,
Robertson, assisted by Miss Mills (state organizer),
transformed the committee into the George William
Curtis Club and it was voted auxiliary to the National
Suffrage Association, Plattsburgh was incorporated
as a city March 17, 1902, and it is generally conceded
that to the infiuence and agency of the George
WUHam Curtis Club is due the fact that the city's
charter gives to women the right to vote on special
taxation propositions. DECEMBER 7
1763 McLane and Ayers retumed home. — Gilliland.
1776 Robert Holmes, son of John (one of the original
proprietors of Londonderry, N, H,), began a third
enhstment. He had been with the troops engaged
in the defense of Piscataqua Harbor and, in 1777,
was among those "fit to march to Ticonderoga."
His son Thomas, bom July 15, '75, married Lucy

4o6 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Tuttle, daughter of Samuel, a Revolutionary soldier,
of Littleton, Mass. The young couple made a home
in the new state of Vermont at Hardwick and later,
at WatervUle. Full many a dame you might descry.
As trod she blithsomely and light,
All decked in dress of double dye.
With warp of blue, and woof of white. — Sunderlin.
DECEMBER 8
1809 '"" " Destina, wife of Martin Winchell, died and was
buried in the vUlage cemetery, in the rear of her own
home. The Winchell house (now known as the Gor
ham) stands on the corner of Broad and Cemetery
streets, down the latter, then called WincheU road,
the British marched to the "Upper Bridge." Mrs.
Winchell left children — Adelaide, Abigail, Lucy Des
tina (Mrs. Sidney Gorham), Ursula and Samuel,
for years sexton of the Presbyterian church.
1812 The eight companies of the First Vermont
mihtia, stationed at Swanton barracks, discharged,
but soon replaced by Col. Fifield's regiment, which
remained but five or six weeks before being ordered
away and then back again into winter quarters,
1849 CHnton Lodge, F. and A, M., received a new
charter under the same name, but a different number
(155). It was issued to St, John B, L, Skinner,
Master; Samuel Emery, Senior Warden; George W,
Webster, Junior Warden.
One spirit warms each kindred breast —
Burns in each soul one holy flame —
Ah! heed they well God's high behest,
Nor may blind sin their purpose tame. — Sunderlin.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 407
DECEMBER 9
1714 Grant of land in Brookfield to "Margaret Otice,
ahas Le Bue," provided she remains in the province
and marries Capt. Baker, Mrs, Baker died in Dover,
Febmary 23, 1773.
1766 The snow 3 inches deep. — Gilliland.
1774 Elizabeth Conklin, a "pioneer mother," and
second cousin of Roscoe Conklin, was bom. She
married Thomas Miller (bom January 7, 1770),
and with one child and her husband's parents,
Bumet MUler and wife, in 1795, came to Plattsburgh
from Poughkeepsie. They settled on a farm of 400
acres west of the "Priest" Halsey place. All that
region was then covered with a heavy growth of
native timber and Indians were frequent visitors, a
squaw one day bringing to Mrs, Miller a glass vase,
which is still preserved by a granddaughter. Visit
ing a "neighbor" ten miles away on horseback was
not unusual, but as soon as roads were built Thomas
MiUer sent to Poughkeepsie for a wagon,
1763 Zenas AUen, son of Ezra and Phebe (Cary)
AUen, was bom. He was descended from Samuel
AUen, one of the original proprietors of East Bridge-
water, Mass,, who was associated with Capt, Church
and engaged in many Indian fights, Zenas served
in the Revolution and lived in Tinmouth, Vt, His
wife was EHphat Partridge and they had six children
— Charles, Frederick, Minerva, Susan, Ethan and
George, Zenas died in Plattsburgh and his oldest
son, Charles, removed from Orwell, Vt,, to Mooers
in 1 82 1, an unbroken wUdemess. He built the first
saw miU and carried on the lumber business success
fully several years.

4o8 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1798 George Marsh, son of George and PoUy (Buel)
Marsh, was bom in Plattsburgh. He studied law
with his uncle by marriage, GUead Sperry, and soon
took a prominent place in the church and community,
being one of the two largest contributors towards
the purchase of a town clock for the village, which
was put up in Trinity church for $325, In August,
1832, when the Asiatic cholera was at its worst,
the promising young lawyer was stricken with
paralysis, and died in a few days. The attending
physician, however, declared the later symptoms
those of the dreadful disease. He left a young wife,
Eleanor Piatt, daughter of Theodorus, and an only
child, JuHa A, Marsh, who survived until AprU 10,
1908,
1802 Lazau (Eleazer) WUliams, whUe under the guar
dianship of his relative. Deacon Nathaniel Ely, at
Long Meadow, wrote:
" God is once more pleased to send our father. He came
today about simdown, and brought us news that my sister is
sick. God be praised." Meanwhile the good Deacon wrote in
his diary: — "
" Thursday at home, &c., &c. — ^Thomas Williams, of
Connawaga, came to our house."
1811 The date of a letter written by Wm. Ray of
EHzabethtown to Gov, Tompkins in regard to
appointments. The following April, Mr, Ray, now
editor of the first paper ever printed in Essex county,
wrote to the Govemor, at the same time sending
him the first number of the new paper and referring
to Ezra C. Gross, "a young gentleman of sound
principles and excellent talents," as his associate
in the editorial department, Ezra Carter Gross,
son of the Rev, Thomas Gross (the first settled
minister of Hartford, Vt.) and his wife, Judith
Carter, was a graduate of Middlebury CoUege and

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 409
a rising young lawyer. In 181 7 he held a captain's
commission in Col, Luman Wadham's regiment and
had fiUed several civil offices with credit. During
his term in Congress (181 9-1 821) he made a mem
orable speech on the Missouri Compromise, His
portrait hung for years in Independence Hall,
PhUadelphia. In the famous trial of Wm, H,
Houghton of Chazy, indicted for murder, Mr. Gross
was associated with Judge Lynde, Wm, Sweetland
and Samuel Stevens, then of Washington county,
in making a successful defense. His promising
career was cut short by his early death at Albany,
AprU 9, 1829, while Member of Assembly, His
wife, Phebe Fisher, daughter of Josiah and Phebe
(Hall) Fisher, also died early, leaving three
daughters, Emily P., Juliet and Charlotte CaroHne,
EmUy was adopted by Mr, and Mrs, Oliver Keese.
She taught in Essex County Academy, Westport,
and married Ransom E. Wood, a wealthy man of
Upper Jay, In Derbyshire, England, where she Hes
buried, a memorial window in the Httle church
recaUs the country girl of Essex county. Her
sister, JuHet, after teaching in the old brick school-
house of EHzabethtown, married Monroe HaU of
Lower Jay, while Charlotte became the wife of
George Burt of Ausable Forks,
1839 Horace BuckHn Sawyer was promoted com
mander, DECEMBER 10
1763 — raised our barn, — Gilliland.
1766 The snow 4 inches deep, — Idem.
1814 John Cochran, the founder of Pem viUage, died
in his seventy-first year. He and his wife Sarah

4IO Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
were from the north of Ireland. In 1795, on the
high bluff where now the Heyworth house stands, he
built a frame house and on the opposite side of the
deep, rushing river, a saw and grist miU, a great
blessing to all the settlers. On the southeast a low,
swampy, dense forest, infested with black bears and
other wild animals, extended some mUes. George
Heyworth and John Hackstaff came in 1800 and
"Cochran's MiU" in time became " Hackstaff 's" and
finally passed to the HeyTvorths.
1818 The marriage of Esther, daughter of John and
Phoebe (Deuel) AUen of Peru to Israel, son of Daniel
and Mary (Green) Jackson, took place. The yoimg
couple first settled in Pem, but in 1828 removed to
Cumberland Head, Plattsburgh. They had eight
chUdren,
1866 George Henry Emerson, son of Joseph R,
Emerson, was buried from his father's home, Lieut,
Emerson had helped to raise and equip Harris'
Light Cavalry, holding a commission as second
lieutenant until hemorrhages from the lungs, which
later resulted in his death, compelled his resignation.
He died in Washington, December 2, From the
days of King PhUip the Emerson famUy had been
represented in every war,
DECEMBER 11
1766 — to 1 8th, warm pleasant weather, sent our
cattle to the meadows the 17th inst, — GiUiland.
1844 The Hon, Heman AUen (formerly of Milton)
died at his home in Burlington from an iUness brought
on by exposure early in the year in making a joumey
to Lamoille county during the coldest day of the

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 411
winter. He had been a man of wonderful physique
and endurance and had been wont to tax his powers
to the utmost, disregarding all experiences. As a
young man, he was for a time employed as a tutor
in the family of Judge Piatt in Plattsburgh, His
powerful intellect was accompanied by sterling
integrity. As a Federalist he preferred to forfeit
re-election to Congress rather than vote against his
principles,
1909 At West Plattsburgh, where her ancestors had
located on the settlement of the town, Ruth E, New
comb, for thirty-five years the faithful and efficient
principal of the EHzabeth street school, passed to
her heavenly reward. Miss Newcomb was a daughter
of Samuel and Angeline L, (Newcomb) Newcomb.
Her paternal grandfather, Dr, Samuel Newcomb, a
native of Nine Partners, was a celebrated physician
and surgeon and director of the medical college at
Montreal, In 1839 he was exiled to Van Dieman's
Land for active participation in the Canadian rebeUion,
After nine years he was pardoned and retumed to
Plattsburgh, but his last days were spent in Montreal.
Miss Newcomb's maternal grandfather was the Hon.
Piatt Newcomb, But it was not for her ancestry,
but because of her own lovely character and person-
ahty that Miss Newcomb's memory wUl long be held
precious in the hearts of hundreds of grateful pupils.
DECEMBER 12
1812 Macdonough married in Middletown, Conn,,
Lucy Shaler, daughter of Nathaniel Shaler, in early
Hfe a Tory, The new commander brought his bride
to Burlington, where they spent the winter, while
he superintended the fitting out of the fleet which
was to engage the enemy and protect the lake .

412 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
The same day in Burlington the First Calvin
istic Congregational Society dedicated their first
house of worship. This stood on the site of the pres
ent edifice, but fronted on Pearl street. It was
burned June 23, 1839. The second church building
was dedicated April 14, 1842.

HANNAH KENT PLATT.

1846 After twenty years of blindness, Hannah Kent,
widow of Elder Wilham Pitt Piatt, opened her eyes
on endless day. In spite of her infirmities, blindness
and rheumatism, she always had a pleasant smUe
for all and would tell fascinating stories to the younger
generation, while her fingers were busy with sewing or
knitting,
DECEMBER 13
1781 Jonas Morgan, son of Samuel, and Sarah Mott,
daughter of Captain Edward, were married at Pres
ton, Conn., where they first settled, afterwards remov
ing to Lansingburgh, N, Y,, where he died in 1824,
March 20, 1828, his son William H., moved into his

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 413
new brick house in Plattsburgh, on the comer of
Macomb and Macdonough streets. This he had
built after the fashion of his childhood's home in
Lansingburgh. Very early Jonas, Sr,, had built a
forge on the Black river (present site of Meigsville),
This he sold in 1808, receiving a new grant in EHza
bethtown, on which he built "Morgan's New Forge,"
now Brainard's Forge. Capt, John LobdeU acted as
Morgan's agent in Elizabethtown and Westport. In
the early forties, Jonas, Jr., paid a last visit to
EHzabethtown, when all accounts between proprietor
and agent were settled in full,
1841 "George W. Fitch opened a private school in
the basement of the Episcopal church. Terms $3
per quarter," An infant school had been kept here
in 1832 by Miss Carpenter, All instruction was oral,
arithmetic being taught by an abacus and spelling
from picture cards held in the teacher's hand. The
chUdren's wraps were hung under the gallery at the
west side, where the pupils sat while receiving
instruction as a school. The exercises opened at
nine o'clock in the moming with Scripture reading,
after which the little ones knelt and repeated the
Lord's Prayer. They stood in the aisles while receiv
ing instruction and several times a day, "to keep them
quiet," foUowing the lead of the assistant teachers,
they marched upon a black line about three inches
wide, singing as they marched this song or some
thing similar: Oh, how pretty 'tis to see
Little children all agree
Try and keep the step with me
While we are exercising.
Heads held up and hands behind
Toes turn out and heels turn in
While we are exercising.

414 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1858 Death of Caleb Nichols at the age of ninety,
1860 Commander Charles Theodoms Piatt died at
Newburg, N. Y. His last service was in charge of
the navy yard at Memphis, on the Mississippi. During
the battle of Plattsburgh, it was Mr. Piatt, then a
midshipman on the Saratoga, who, when the Chub,
crippled by a broadside from the Eagle, with half
her men killed or wounded, came drifting down
between the opposing vessels, took possession of
the unfortunate sloop which was then towed in
shore and anchored.
1864 Incorporation of the Peristrome Presbyterian
church of Plattsburgh, with the Rev. Francis Blood-
good Hall as pastor, a position which he held until
his decease, October 4, 1903, when the congregation
united with that of the First Presbyterian church.
The same day at Montreal the trial of the St.
Albans raiders was brought to a close. Justice Coursol,
rendering a decision in favor of the robbers, who
were at once released from custody and the money
($80,000) found upon them restored. Through the
recommendation of Grovemor-General Lord Monck,
the provincial parliament voted $50,000 in gold
(equivalent to $88,000 in currency) to be paid to
the banks. Though the loss, including cost of trial,
was about $140,000, yet the financial strength of the
little town was such that there was no particular
disturbance in the monetary situation,
1884 Plattsburg electric fire alarm introduced.
i1
1907 Public meeting called at the Court House in
Plattsburg for the formation of a Clinton County
Branch of Mohawk and Hudson River Humane
Society.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 415
DECEMBER 14
1823 In Trinity Church, Philadelphia, John H, Hop
kins, having given up a lucrative law practice to
enter the ministry, was ordained Deacon by Bishop
White,
1854 Dannemora, named by St, John B, L. Skinner
for a noted iron producing section of Sweden, was
formed from Beekmantown. It was the latest
settled town in the county, the pioneer, Phineas
Hooker (son of Martin, Revolutionary patriot and
pioneer from Norwich, Conn,), with his wife coming
here in 1836 and setthng on the site of the present
viUage, That year Matthew Lane, son of the Revo
lutionary officer, Lieut,-Col, Derick Lane, of New
Jersey, became a partner with Messrs, Coming and
Cook, who had established the Crown Glass Works
at Redford in the town of Saranac, south of Danne
mora, Mr, Lane eventually became sole proprietor
and continued the business until 1857, when the works
were abandoned. The glass makers were mostly
from England, among them one John Davidson and
seven sons, aU glass makers,
1892 D'YouvUle Academy, founded in i860 by the
Grey Nuns of Ottawa, Can., was chartered by the
Regents of the University of New York. A long
white house on the south side of Cornelia street,
the former home of Vespasian Nutting (chosen an
elder of the Presbyterian church April, 1826, but
five years later dismissed by letter to the Methodist
church) was used by the sisters as a school, Mr.
Nutting built the house (now known as the Aaron
OHver) on Cumberland Head, where Mr. Sailly's
daughter, the widow Buel once lived.

4l6 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
DECEMBER 15
1745 Nathan Averill, Sr., son of Daniel AveriU, Sr.
(17 1 6-1 785), was bom in New Preston, Conn. With
his brother Daniel and son Nathan, he was employed
in transporting the goods of Judge Zephaniah Piatt
from Poughkeepsie to Plattsburgh. These three
received deeds of land amounting to 300 acres,
including the Sanbom farm and other land running
south to the Saranac river. Nathan, Sr,, built the
house on Cornelia street, past which Margaret street
was afterward extended north, and was living there
1792-94, but in 1812, his home was at the head of
Broad street, where, down the hill in the rear, he
had built a tannery, where he could pursue the trade
he had been engaged in before coming here. He and
his wife were buried in the family plot near the
homestead, but their remains were afterwards re
moved to Riverside cemetery. Their home was the
first "Home for the Friendless" and its first inmate,
a cripple, named John Ellsworth.
1760 Sister Esther Wheelwright of the Infant Jesus
was elected Superior of the UrsuHnes.
— C. Alice Baker, in True Stories of New England Captives.
1762 Sarah Mott, daughter of Edward and Sarah
(Kinne) Mott, was bom at Preston, Conn.
1772 Mother Esther "was honorably discharged * * *
only to be made assistant superior, and six years
later Zelatrix." — Baker.
1852 At the Girard house in PhUadelphia, the Hon,
Cornelius P, Van Ness of Washington and New York,
died, and was buried in the famUy vault in Wash
ington. His first wife, Rhoda Savage (daughter of

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 417
James), died in Madrid in 1834 of malignant cholera.
Their daughters, Marcia and Cornelia, became Lady
Ouseley and Mrs, Roosevelt, nieces of the second
Mrs, John Freligh of Plattsburgh, Their father was
govemor of Vermont 1823-26.
1855 Five wolves from a pack that had been harassing
the farmers of EUenburgh, Clinton and Chateaugay,
were killed in a swamp near Beekmantown Corners
during a hunt organized for the purpose. The
wolves driven by hunger, had moved along the old
MUitary turnpike, killing sheep in Chazy, Beekman
town and Plattsburgh, as far as the lake shore. At
the same time another pack was invading sheepfolds
in the northem part of the county.
1864 The grounds comprising "Rock Point," orig
inaUy purchased in 1841 by Rt, Rev, J. H, Hopkins,
the first bishop of the diocese, were conveyed to a
corporation known as the "Vermont Episcopal
Institute,"
1909 Plattsburgh's new Y, M, C. A. building opened
to the pubhc. This beautiful structure will stand
as a lasting memorial to the late Loyal L. Smith.
The reception room is furnished through the gener
osity of Mr. and Mrs, William C. Pike; the assembly
room, by Mr, John Haughran; the directors' room,
by Saranac Chapter, D, A. R, ; the boys' department,
by Mr, Edwin G. Moore, in memory of his son; the
gymnasium, by Mrs. John Henry Myers, in memory
of her husband, and the kitchen and dormitories
by the Ladies' Auxihary,
DECEMBER 16
1775 Birth of Nathaniel Zephaniah, fifth son of Judge
Zephaniah Piatt of Poughkeepsie, In 1 807 , Nathaniel

4i8 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
Z. Piatt was a member of the State Assembly for
CHnton county and about 1810 on "the point," east
of Fouquet's, he built a storehouse, which was
burned during Murray's raid in 181 3, but soon
rebuilt. After Mr. Piatt's death his widow, Sarah
(Keyes) Piatt, with her young son, Samuel Keyes,
boarded at Israel Green's Inn. Her daughters,
Elizabeth and Mary Van Wyck had married Capt.
Samuel RusseU, U. S. A., and Gen. C. A. Waite,
U. S. A., respectively. After the death of Capt,
Russell, his widow married Frederick C. SaUly,
1819 A meeting for the purpose of taking into con
sideration the expediency of forming a County
Agricultural Society was held at the house of Joseph
I. Green. Hon. Thomas TreadweU was president of
of the meeting and Isaac C. Piatt, secretary. Joseph
I. Green, besides keeping this hotel, which was bumed
some time between 1822-32, had a shop where he
manufactured saddles and harnesses,
1855 St. Peter's church of Plattsburgh incorporated,
with Joseph Fountain, Isaac Jourdarmais, Damien
LaForce, Lewis Chaurain and Lewis St. Michell as
tmstees. DECEMBER 17
1766 — sent our cattle to the meadows, — Gilliland.
1788 Occurred the first marriage in Peru — that of
Lott Elmore and Mary Hay, daughter of WUHam
and EHzabeth (Betsey WiUiams) Hay. Mary was
the baby in her mother's arms when, during the
battle of Valcour, Mrs, Hay in terror sought safety
at a spring near her home, only to find herself
surrotmded by the Indian aUies of the enemy. The

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 419
daughters of Mary (Hay) Elmore were among the
first piipUs of Mrs. Emma Willard. August 2, 1818,
Mr. Elmore died suddenly at the age of 54 years,
while at the Falls of Montmorency, whither he
had gone with a raft of timber. His remains were
brought to Plattsburg for interment in Riverside
cemetery.
1813 — Had an interview with the commanding officer,
in presence of Gen. Mooers and Mr. Sailly. The object
of my call was arranged, and I hope it will be
beneficial to the public service. — Williams at Plattsburgh.
1841 Jemima (Roberts) Beman, wife of Nathan
Beman, died at Chateaugay, aged 87 years. They
were married in 1785 and lived first in Ferrisburgh,
Their children were Aaron, John, George, Samuel,
Lucy, Amy and Phoebe.
1849 EHzabeth (Conklin) Miller died, survived by her
husband. Col. Thomas Miller, until March, 1855.
Their first home in the wildemess was bumed in
1844, Here Mrs, Miller had remained during the
siege and battle of Plattsburgh, while her husband
was at the front with his regiment. He had advised
her to go to friends in Peru, but she preferred to
take care of her home though she sent away the older
children. British officers occupied her vacant rooms,
but she was glad of their protection from the plunder
ing of the soldiery. During the battle, with them
she watched the struggle on the lake, they several
times affirming that the Stars and Stripes had gone
down, and she denying it. When the result of the
conflict was evident, the officers lost no time in
mounting their horses and riding away.

420 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
DECEMBER 18
Far on New-England's checkered land.
The dark Green Mountains bound the view,
And stretching wide on either hand,
Lies the still lake with sheet of blue.
— Sunderlin.
1813 Charlotte — Just rettuned from Plattsburgh, I
am greatly fatigued, and have suffered much from
the cold, being on horseback. My waiter is sick.
My father. Col. Williams, and Major Stone are in high
spirits — they have been out on a chase and kUled
two foxes. There is to be a ball this evening, I am
invited to attend — ^but no! My Bible shall be my
company this evening, and may God give me a heart
to understand His holy word, — Williams.
1843 Mr, Billings opened a class in Porter's new
system of arithmetic in the Academy, George F, Buck,
WilHam Carter, J, R, Grant, Henry J. Oilman, George
W. HartweU, A, Moss, Elric L, Nichols, Richard N,
Ostrander, F, A, Ransom, John H, Sanbom and
George N. Webb were among those in attendance,
DECEMBER 19
1766 — very cold, — Gilliland.
When Peace was breathing, where had been
The sanguine carnage of the brave. — Sunderlin.
1816 Thursday, under the supervision of Benjamin
Mooers, Melancton L. Woolsey and Levi Piatt, the
pews in the new meeting house were sold at auction
and brought about $2,000. At this date, for the
expense of more than $10,000 already incurred,
not one cent was owed outside the community.
A bell, stoves, etc, as well as means of lighting the
church for evening services remained to be provided.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 421
1856 Death claimed Hannah, widow of Hon, Jonathan
Griffin, She had survived her husband flfteen
years, Mary, their youngest daughter, had died
in early married Hfe, Her husband, Theodore P.
Cady, was the son of Heman Cady of Bennington,
who, with his brother Cyrus, engaged in the mer
cantile business in Plattsburg, Their wives were
cousins. Heman had married Maria Piatt, daughter
of Judge Theodorus, and C)rrus' wife was Margaret,
daughter of Judge Levi. 'The Heman Cady home
stead, on the comer of Broad and Margaret streets,
was bumed, together with the "Standish store"
and house of Dr. Edward Kane, May 29, 1863.
Cyrus Cady lived in the Melancton Smith house,
which was afterward known as the Smith-Platt
house. In 1833, the brothers bought a large tract
of land where CadyviUe is now located, and built
a forge. They, with another brother, Hiram, finally
settled in Wisconsin, where they remained through life,
1882 Organization of Political Anti-Bribery Society,
It was fitting that B. M, Beckwith, whose grand
father, Dr, Baruch Beckwith, though having one of
the longest and hardest rides in the county, yet felt
conscientious scruples against charging more than
a doUar a visit, should be especiaUy interested in
this society. But the time was not ripe for such
a movement, and it failed from lack of support.
DECEMBER 20
Roll back, thou tide of time and tell
Of book, of rosary, and bell;
Of cloistered nun, with brow of gloom.
Immured within her living tomb.
— Lucretia Davidson.
1654 The widow of Champlain died at the UrsuHne
convent, which she had founded at Meaux in 1648,

422 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
three years after she had entered the convent of
UrsuHnes in the Faubourg Saint- Jacques at Paris.
1812 Macdonough, in his report to the navy depart
ment, names the President, a sloop which had pre
viously been under the control of Dearborn, with
six transports, all of which were transferred to the
commander of the fleet. Macdonough made the
President his flagship and so it remained during 1813.
1837 Thankful (Sage) Robinson, wife of Daniel Robin
son, died after 54 years of married life. They were
the parents of twelve chUdren. Mr. Robinson
survived less than three months, dying at his home
on the military turnpike in Chazy, March 25, 1838.
His sobriquet of "Govemor" grew out of an athletic
contest in which the victor was to be addressed
thereafter by the vanquished as "Govemor."
DECEMBER 21
1705 The baptism of Samuel Williams (captured at
"Dearfielde" on the nth of March of the preceding
year) is recorded by Father Meriel in the records of
Notre Dame, "de Mont-Real." The captive was
afterwards redeemed and retumed to his people,
where he spent a long and useful life,
1743 Sieur de L'Estage, at the age of 63, died in
Montreal and was buried in the church of the RecoUet
fathers. His widow, Marie (Sayer) de Lestage, sold
their fine mansion with the avenue leading to it, the
grist mill, saw mill and other property and removed
to Montreal, where she died in old age, a "perpetual
pensioner," cared for by the Sisters of the Congre
gation, the friends of her girlhood. To them she
gave her most valuable household goods and silver.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 423
1809 Hannah Piatt, oldest daughter of Captain
Nathaniel, and -wife of Gen. Mooers, died. She did
not live to see the battle that was to be fought on
the bay so near her own home, but her children had a
Hfelong remembrance of that day. On the sixtieth
anniversary, her son, Charles Sidney Mooers, far
away in the city of Des Moines, kept the American
colors flying over his little fruit stand on wheels.
He had been an aide to his father and was now the
only man in that city to remember the confHct.
On the fiftieth anniversary of Mrs. Mooers' death,
her oldest son. Col. Benjamin Hazen Mooers, in his
Wisconsin home, wrote a most interesting letter to
his sister, Mrs, G. M. Beckwith, detaUing the cir
cumstances,
1821 Aaron Beman and Joseph Megaphy claimed to
have kiUed wolves in the town of Mooers, the one,
four and the other, three, and later collected the
bounty due.
1853 Sheldon Durkee, son of the Revolutionary
soldier, Timothy, of Royalton, died at his home on
Durkee street. It was Sheldon Durkee, who, on the
moming after the battle of Plattsburgh, with
Ephraim Rand and Samuel Norcross, encountered,
while entirely unarmed, three British soldiers on
the retreat, and succeeded in capturing them in a
hand-to-hand combat in which Norcross was killed.
WhUe Rand ministered to the dying Norcross,
Durkee triumphantly marched the three prisoners
into camp. The old Durkee house, built some years
before 1795, stood just above the bend of the river,
just south of the first forge for the manufacture
of iron erected in Saranac valley. The stumps of
the Hlac trees, brought by Mrs. Durkee {n6e Hodg
kins) from her home on Grand Isle, may yet be seen
but the old home was taken down some years ago.

424 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1855 At Chazy, fire originating in ashes stored in
an adjacent woodshed, bumed the stone school
house and Methodist church, built in 181 6 at a cost
of $7,000 and donated to the Methodist society by
Alexander Scott. George Scott, a nephew of Alex
ander, left Chazy for California at the age of 16
and was, in 1889, elected the first Gentile mayor of
Salt Lake City, where he had finaUy located.
1896 The first rural free dehvery in Vermont was
established and put into operation in the town of
Grand Isle.
1905 At the rededication services of the Baptist church
in Burlington, President M. H. Buckham of the Uni
versity of Vermont, spoke as follows:
"I recall your first pastor, the Rev, Mr, Safford, a gentle and
gracious man of fine spirit and temper, a man who, in the day
of small things, commended your little church to the respect of
the community. Rev. Hiram Safford was the grandfather of
our townsman, Gen. Theodore Safford Peck."
1907 The resolutions (previously adopted by a special
subcommittee) setting forth the advisabiHty of an
appropriate celebration of the tercentenary of the
discovery of Lake Champlain, through the cooper
ation of New York and Vermont and the federal
government, were adopted by the whole commission
at a joint meeting held at Albany, The commis
sioners appointed under the law provided for the
same are: Hon, H. WaUace Knapp, Mooers, Chair
man; Hon, Henry W. HiU, Buffalo, Secretary; Hon,
Walter C, Witherbee, Port Henry, Treasurer; Hon,
James J, Frawley, New York, Hon, James Shea, Lake
Placid, Hon, WilHam R. Weaver, Pem, Hon, James A.
Foley, New York, Hon, John H, Booth, Plattsburg,
Hon. John B. Riley, Plattsburg, Hon, Louis C. La
Fountain, Champlain, Hon, Howland PeU, New York,

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 425
DECEMBER 22
1766 Thomas Bready went to the meadows and took
with him 40 days store of provs, and i pot, 3 quarts,
3 bottles, I trap and chain, i bag, i tub, — GiUiland.
1 799 In the homestead built by his father on the lot on
north side of the river, purchased from Judge Charles
Piatt, Frederick Louis Charles SaUly, son of Peter
SaiUy and his wife, Marianna Adelaide (GreUier)
Sailly, was bom. The boy acquired his education
at GranviUe, Washington county, and entered the
old Bank of Plattsburgh as teller at eighteen. Later
he became cashier and on the death of his father,
succeeded him as collector of customs, Mr. SaUly
was identified with all the public enterprises of the
town and county and served as county treasurer
several years. About 1830 he became interested
in mercantile business and the manufacture of iron,
an industry in which his father had been interested
in France, In 1844 he retired from active business.
Two years before his marriage his bachelorhood gave
rise to "The Bachelor," one of the few humorous
poems written by his then fifteen-year-old neighbor,
Lucretia Davidson.
"To the world, (whose dread laugh he would tremble to hear.
From whose scorn he would shrink with a cowardly fear,)
The old bachelor proudly and boldly will say.
Single lives are the longest, single lives are most gay,"
1803 Winslow C, son of Elkanah Watson, was born
at Albany. After graduation from Middlebury Col
lege, from which he received the degree of A. M,, he
studied law with Justice Ambrose Spencer and was
admitted to the bar in 1824, He practiced in Platts
burgh until 1833, when ill health compelled his retire
ment. Besides his prominence in the poHtical, civil,
and ecclesiastical life of the community, he had,

426 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
since 1819 contributed to magazines, newspapers,
etc., and his published works, "Men and Times of the
Revolution," "Report and Survey of Essex County,"
"Pioneer History of Champlain Valley," "History of
Essex County," etc., form a valuable part of the
literature of this valley.
1807 Birth in Stanfordville, Dutchess county, of Caleb
D. Barton, son of Caleb Barton, and his wife, Damaris
Hull (a granddaughter of Benjamin FrankHn), whose
sister Ruth was the wife of Stephen Keese of Peru,
in whose family young Caleb, early orphaned, grew
up. The first wife of Caleb, Jr., was EHza Lapham,
eldest daughter of Joseph, whose English ancestors
located in Providence about 1735. Joseph settled in
Peru about 1800, where he married Anna Keese,
daughter of Richard, and built the Lapham homestead
nearly opposite the spot where the first Keese buUt
his log cabin. Both the Laphams and Caleb Barton
were prominent in developing the industries of the
river as the names Lapham's MUls and Bartonville sig
nify. After Mrs. Barton's death in 1842, Mr. Barton
married Emma Peale, the talented daughter of
Rembrandt Peale, the noted artist of PhUadelphia,
who painted General Washington from Hfe when
but seventeen. The elegant home of the Bartons at
Port Douglass hill in KeesevUle, was fUled with
beautiful paintings, many of them the work of Mr.
Peale. This mansion with most of its contents was
destroyed by fire. Upon its site Mrs. Barton erected
another dwelHng, now known as Rembrandt Hall.
The paintings which remain are now in Saratoga,
the property of Mrs. Bosworth, a niece, as well as an
adopted daughter of Mr. Barton.
1852 The farm on which the Lozier Works are located
was purchased by Rensselaer S. Hewitt of Pem and
his wife, a daughter of Judge Josiah T. Everest.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 427
1900 Death, at Fort Frederick Hght house. Lake
Champlain, opposite Chimney Point, Vt., of Antoine
Peltier, a grandson of Capt. PauHnte (Poland), of
the American Revolutionary army, who came to this
country with Lafayette. Mr. Peltier was 91 years
old. The interment was at Plattsburgh.

DECEMBER 23
But still our earthly feelings cling
Around this bounded spot; — ¦
There is a something burns within
Which will not be forgot.
— Margaret Davidson.
1786 At Cumberland Head, Washington county, in
the log house buUt by her husband on land bought
from Judge Zephaniah Piatt, Marie (Caillat) Sailly
was gathered to her fathers. She had remained with
her chUdren in Albany until the completion of the
house and had survived the hardships of pioneer Hfe
and the rigorous climate but six months. Hers was
the first death in the new township, and her remains
were buried under the big pine trees on the Point,
not far from the old block house. When, in after
years, Capt. Nathaniel Piatt had given to the town
the land for a burying ground, her remains were the
first interred there.

DECEMBER 24
Ye angels, sing your sweetest songs,
And strike anew each golden lyre;
Let him to whom the praise belongs
The sacred strain inspire.
— Christmas Hymn by Margaret Davidson.
1763 — this day the lake opposite WUlsboro froze up,
— Gilliland.

428 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1863 The stock holders of the First National Bank of
Plattsburgh elected the foUowing directors: Z, C,
Piatt, Jonathan Hagar, W, W, HartweU, C. G, S,
Edwards, James Rogers, S, P, Bowen, E, M, Crosby,
C, D, Blake, P, D, Moore,
At a subsequent meeting of the directors, Z. C.
Piatt was chosen president and H, Walworth
cashier,
1876 On Christmas eve in the new stone church of
the Mission of St. James, Ausable Forks, the mission
ary. Rev. Wm. H. Cook, held the first service. The
cost of the edifice, the comer-stone of which had
been laid the June before, was $11,000, of which sum
$10,000 was given by Mr. James Rogers,
DECEMBER 25
Hail to salvation's brilliant mom,
Hail to the dawn of joy and peace.
When God's supreme, almighty power.
Bade all our pains and sorrows cease.
— Christmas Hymn by Margaret Davidson.
1635 Christmas Day the end came to Champlain,
"The intrepid governor lay dead in his own Quebec,
the incipient city of Blasted Hopes, Trade had
supported it, and had stunted it, A summer of
activity and a winter of inaction was its story, year
in and year out," — Winsor.
In what is now an open square in the upper
town, in a mortuary chapel, every vestige of which
long since disappeared, the Jesuit Lalemant did the
last service and Le Jeune spoke a eulogy as the dead
hero was laid to rest,
1803 Betsey Roberts, a sister of Hannah, both
daughters of John, became the bride of Joseph

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 429
Wadsworth Edwards, a descendant of WiUiam
Edwards, who settled in Easthampton, L, I,, in
1650, At the time of the battle of Plattsburgh,
British soldiers were about their home in South
Plattsburg all day. About five o'clock the soldiers
threw away the punk which they had used in lighting
their pipes and rode away. Seeing this, Mrs, Roberts,
having no fire in the house, sent her boy, Gustavus
Vasa, then about ten years old, to get the precious
substance.
1805 St. Louis. — The commemoration of the birth
of our blessed Lord. — I have just retumed from
church. The altar was dressed very fine. There
were about 20 levites attended upon the High
Priest , — Williams.
1813 Albany, — I heard a Christmas discourse from
the Rev, Mr, Clowes — ^it was an excellent sermon —
took a Christmas dinner with Lieutenant-Governor
Taylor. In the evening went to Mr. Walsh's, and
spent the evening pleasantly with a small party.
— Idem.
1816 The early Presbyterians saw the fruit of their
labors in the dedication of their first meeting
house. Its architecture * * * was in its main features, correct and
imposing — ^with the tall columns and numerous steps of its front
face. Within, it was of unique arrangement. The pulpit stood
between the entrance doors, and the gathering people came at
once under the eye of the pews * * * Then there were deep
galleries, out of which, at the reconstruction, great sticks of
pine near a hundred feet long and a foot square were taken,
hewed from trees which probably your Adirondack forests can
not now match, — Rev. E. A. Bulkley, D. D.

430 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
DECEMBER 26
And all the stern fatigue of life,
Such as our mothers erst endured,
When fast and hot the battle strife
Was waxing, and our sires repaid
The Briton's wrong, and Indian's hate.
With many a ball and reeking blade —
The guerdons of that hour of fate. — Sunderlin.
1784 Col. Seth Warner died in his native parish of
Woodbury (now Roxbury), Conn. His services in the
patriot army resulted in early death. Connecticut
has erected to his memory a substantial granite monu
ment with this inscription on its north side:" Captor
of Crown Point, commander of the Green Moun
tain Boys in the repulse of Carlton at Longueil and
in the battle of Hubbardton; and the associate of
Stark, in the victory at Bennington," Seth Warner
settled in Bennington within three-quarters of a
mile from the New York Hne, where he was a near
neighbor of James Breakenridge. He married in
1767 Hester Hurd of Roxbury,

DECEMBER 27
1610 Champlain entered into a contract of marriage
with the twelve-year-old daughter H^l^ne of the
king's private secretary, Nicholas Boull^, During
Champlain's voyage to Quebec in 1811, his betrothed
remained with her parents until the marriage the
following year,
1868 The United States hotel (once Israel Green's
Inn, on the site of the De Fredenburgh house) was
burned. For more than seventy years its sturdy
waUs had withstood the ravages of "war, fire and
flood," It had been built by John Clark when the

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 431
road on the south side led down to the only wharf
(Clark's Landing) in the village. When mine host.
Friend Green, was "Master of the Inn," the house
was in its prime, but all its former glory had long
since departed.
1875 Judge Gideon Collins, a pioneer in 1803, died
in Chateaugay.
1909 Dedication at Lake Kushaqua of Stony Wold
HaU, a new dormitory for Stony Wold Sanatorium.
The Hall is given by Miss Blanche Potter in memory
of her sister Martha. A stained glass window, repre
senting the Good Shepherd, back of the Protestant
chapel, and the clock and chimes are gifts from Mrs.
Walter Geer, another sister. The fine organ came
through the agency of the Rev. John N. Marvin of
Albany, who also sent prayer books. Bibles, hymnals
and altar service books through the Bible and Com
mon Prayer Book Society of Albany,
DECEMBER 28
1792 A town, named for its mountainous character,
Peru, was formed from Plattsburgh and WUlsborough
(Essex cotmty), at a meeting held at the dwelHng
house of Samuel Jackson, when the first officers of
the new town were chosen.
1798 Joel Stratton, son of Elder John and Esther S.
Stratton, died at the age of nineteen and was buried
on the hiUside sloping to the lake, near Mrs. Tread
weU, wife of the Hon. Thomas Treadwell, who, unable
to survive the severe winter, had died the fifth of
January preceding.
1806 Birth of Job Sherman, an older brother of Dr.
Pliny, both sons of Benjamin and PhUena Sherman,

432 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
members of the Society of Friends from Rhode
Island. With Benjamin Sherman lived his mother,
Mrs. Martha Sherman, who attained the great age
of 104. She was an aunt of Mrs, John Howard (n6e
Hannah Earl) of BurHngton, Benjamin Sherman
and Benjamin Earl taught early schools at the
"Union." Job Sherman died on the farm of his
birth, unmarried, July 8, 1863,
1814 "Black Maria" Haynes gave birth to a son, to
whom she gave the name of "Sir George Provost,"
the defeated commander of the British forces,
"George," coal-black, like his mother, became a
barber like his father, Tom Haynes, who, by the
way, was the lightest of mulattoes, Maria, bom a
slave, remained in the family of her master. Judge
Melancton Smith in New York city until his death,
when she was transferred to the home of his son.
Col. Melancton Smith in Plattsburgh and there
remained until the colonel's death in 1818,
1820 Asa Elmore Everest, son of Joseph and Celesta
(Stafford) Everest, was bom in Pem, N, Y,, After
graduation from Middlebury CoUege and Union
Theological Seminary, he was ordained in 1850 at
Broadway Tabernacle, Besides preaching in Brook
lyn, Mooers and various places in UHnois and Iowa,
among them at Grinnell and Council Bluffs, he was
chaplain of the 11 Sth U, S. Colored regiment, 1864-5,
He died of senile paralysis, April 20, 1899, having
survived his wife, Anna Mary, daughter of Govemor
George Franklin and Mary (Bodine) Fort of Pem-
berton, N. J., many years,
DECEMBER 29
1665 "M. CourceUes, the governor of Canada, began
his march with scarcely six hundred men, to seek out

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 433
their inveterate enemies, the Mohawks," The snow
that covered the ground "although four feet deep,
was frozen."
1818 Removal of the Thurbers to their new brick
house (still standing) overlooking the lake at Rouses
Point,
1843 Gertrude Kellogg, daughter of Charles White and
Demmis Dewey (Comstock) Kellogg, was bom at
Comstock's Landing. She became an elocutionist
and actress in Europe and America, supporting
Edwin Forrest in his latest engagements and also
Edwin Booth and Lawrence Barrett. In 1892 the
Port Kent residence of her grandfather, Peter Com
stock, became the summer home of the KeUoggs,
Miss KeUogg died in Brooklyn, April 18, 1903, but
was buried at Comstock's, N, Y, Her brother, the
late Peter Comstock Kellogg, with their father,
established in New York the modem auction business
of highly bred horses and cattle, besides writing for
sporting and agricultural papers under the name of
"Hark Comstock,"
1867 Bishop Hopkins resumed his visitation "among
the churches in the northern part of his Diocese,
beginning at St, Alban's." At the request of the
Rev, Wm. M, Ogden, rector of Trinity Church at
Plattsburgh, he visited that parish and there officiated
for the last time. Already ill from exposure, he
grew worse and returned to his home whence "he
entered into life, January 9, 1868," His son, the
Rev, John Henry Hopkins, S, T. D,, afterwards
rector of Trinity, presented to that church the Altar
Desk bearing this inscription:
•f In Memory of the Right Reverend
John Henry Hopkins
First Bishop of Vermont and Presiding Bishop

434 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
whose last offering of the Eucharistic Sacrifice was
at this Altar of Trinity Church Plattsburgh on
Sunday January 5: 1868, 4*
1894 Frederick Remington, America's weU known
artist and illustrator, buys a summer residence site
on the lake shore near Plattsburg, Though a native
of Canton, N, Y,, he has spent much time in the
West, where he has been most successful in depicting
army life on the plains,
DECEMBER 30
Bitter and bleak is the closing day. — Buckham.
1766 Our raft of hay was drove on shore last night
on the south side of my Bros, point — 2 cocks from
Far meadow, went with some hands and got the
hay aU safe to shore, and one Bateau haul'd up,
wrought tiU 9 in the evening, then came to McAuley's,
— Gilliland.
1770 Death of Hannah, wife of the Rev, EHsha Kent,
They were the parents of Moss Kent, Sr,, who was
born January 14, 1733 (O, S,), and died in Febmary,
1794.
1784 Zephaniah Piatt, Peter Tappen, Zaccheus New
comb, Nathaniel Piatt, Piatt Rogers, Charles Piatt,
Thomas Treadwell, Simon R. Reeves, Melancton
Smith, Jonathan Lawrence, Israel Smith and John
Addams met at the house of Judge Zephaniah Piatt
in Poughkeepsie and mutuaUy agreed "to be jointly
concerned in the building of a saw-miU, grist-mill
and a forge on the river Saranac the next summer,
each to advance an equal proportion of money."
; "I could wish none but sober, industrious men to settle in
said Township, such as bid fair to do well for themselves. —
Judge Piatt in offering terms to early settlers.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 435
1813 "Wedding" was the pass word that night among
the troops at Plattsburg, for it was the wedding
night of young Dr, Benj, J, Mooers and Mary Piatt of
Cumberland Head, A few months later the young
doctor was using his skiU as a surgeon among the
wounded of those troops,
1831 At his homestead on the State road, four mUes
north of Plattsburg, and overlooking TreadweU's bay,
the Hon, Thomas Treadwell died at the age of 84,
The old house was taken down in 1870 or '71 and its
timbers used in the erection of a house near Allen
Brook on the Moffit Road, The boards used in the
old structure were very wide, in fact, wide enough
for a door. One of these (stiU preserved) has in it
a port hole, through which the master was wont to
oversee the work of his slaves in the fields of the estate.
Near the grave of the "Master" is that of one of
his household slaves, marked with a stone bearing
this inscription:
"Old PhUHs, ago and her
the slave was last request
of African birth as she passed
And she died to her rest
long ago, long was 'Lay me
at old Massa's feet,' "
DECEMBER 31
The wind goes wailing, the sky is gray, — Buckham.
1755 — went with more hands and hauled up the
other Bateau, sent Ireland and David to the Far
meadow for a yoke of oxen for McAuley, they are
also to assist Thomas Bready to skin my large
white ox with one drooping horn, which was drowned
at the far meadow creek a few days ago, — Gilliland.

436 Three Centuries in Champlain Valley
1775 In a bhnding snow storm, Montgomery attempts
the capture of Quebec by assault, receiving his
death wound. Amold is severely wounded in the leg,
Morgan fights until half his men are killed or wounded
and the rest benumbed and helpless from cold. He
then surrenders and Dearborn also. Capt, Edward
Mott, in the detachment personally led by Mont
gomery, behaves with great bravery,
"Happy would it have been for Amold, if instead of being
wounded, he too, had died, since by his subsequent treason at
West Point, he blasted forever the glory of his gallant conduct
on that occasion."
That dear old home, where pass'd my childish years.
— Margaret Davidson.
1783 In a small story and a half house, weather
boarded, at the Trap, St. George's Hundreds, New
Castle county, Delaware, was bom Thomas Mac
donough, son of Major Thomas Macdonough of the
Delaware Continental Line.
1837 Margaret Davidson and her mother watched the
old year out and Margaret wrote the poem beginning :
Hark to the house-clock's measured chime.
As it cries to the startled ear,
"A dirge for the soul of departing time,
A requiem for the year."
1846 Death of Ebenezer Balch in the house which
he built in 181 2. He had come, a pioneer from
Hartford, Conn,, in 1800; was a member of the com
pany of "Silver Grays" and as such participated
in the battle of Plattsburg, Meeting with financial
losses while shipping timber to Quebec by rafts, he
sold his farms to his sons Ebenezer and Alvah
Burchard, His character is weU summed up in
the text of the sermon preached at his funeral,
Mark the perfect man, and behold the upright: for the end of
that man is Peace. — Psalms xxxvii, 37.

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley 437
1885 First electric Hghts shone in Plattsburgh's streets,
the company being organized with capital from
abroad. But in the sky the Moon rides high.
And from the belfry's height.
The midnight chime now tolls the time
When we must bid "Good Night."
Good Night!
Good Night! — Rev. J. H. Hopkins, Jr.
Every date in my pneumatic calendar has been checked off.
Have they not strange, subtle voices, these messengers of the
air. — Buckham.
1909 The last day of the year in Plattsburgh found
the Smith mausoleum, begun September 22, com
pleted and the remains of Loyal L, Smith, Platts
burgh's benefactor, placed therein; also the new
Y. M. C. A. building, his most worthy monument,
ready for the New Years' reception.
Farewell! for thy truth- written record is full.
And the page weeps, for sorrow and crime ;
Farewell ! for the leaf hath shut down on the past,
And conceal'd the dark annals of time.

The bell! it hath ceased with its iron tongue
To ring on the startled ear.
The dir^e o'er the grave of the lost one is rung.
All hail to the new-born year. — Margaret Davidson.

ROLL OF HONOR OF SARANAC CHAPTER, DAUGHTERS OF THE
AMERICAN REVOLUTION, PLATTSBURGH, N. Y.

Name.
Adams, Joseph,
Alden, Daniel,

Ashley, Thomas,
Ball, Adonijah,
Ball, Moses,
Beckwith, BarziUia,
Beede, Reziah,
Beman, Nathan,

Benedict, Thos., Sr.,
Billings, John,
Billings, Samuel,
Black, Henry,
Blish, Daniel,
Bonner, Daniel,
Brooks, William,
Bostwick, Ebenezer,
Brown, Adam,
Buell, Elias,

Carpenter, Benj.,
Carriel, Nathaniel,

State. Service.
Conn., Private,
Mass., Dep. to Gen'
Court & J. P.,
N, H., Private,
Mass., Private, )
Mass., Corporal, j
Conn., Sergeant,
N. H., Private,
N. H. Guide to
Grants, Ethan Allen
& Private,
N. Y., Sergeant,
Conn., Priv. & Corp.,
Conn., Private,
Mass., Lieutenant,
Conn., Sergeant,
Mass., Private, |
N. H., Ensign, j
Conn., Sergeant,
Mass., Sergeant,
Conn., Major,

Mass., Field Officer,

Mass., Ensign,

Daughter.
Miss Elizabeth Beckwith
Sowles
1 Alice Skinner Whittelsey
(Mrs. S. S.)
(Resigned 1908,)
Miss Lucy Rebecca Warren
) Maria Jeannette Brookings
J Tuttle (Mrs. G. P.)
Miss Sowles
Harriet Dudley Bell (Mrs,
W. W.)
Jessie Beman Campbell
(Mrs. J. W.)
Kate Lyon Botsford (Mrs,
E. F.)
>• Mrs. Whittelsey
Maude Sawyer Black Buck
(Mrs. W. S.)
Miss Lydia Independence
Jones
Emma Cynthia Bonner
Nichols (Mrs. G. F.)
Miss Erminia Juliet Hall
Miss Jones
Caroline S. Hudson Bone-
steel (Mrs. C. H.)
Jeanette Mead Guibord
(Mrs.W.W.) (DiediQoi,)
Eleanor Mead Hudson (Mrs)
Geo,H.)
Lou Mary Slater Ames
(Mrs. B. P.)
Miss Ellen A. Hewitt
Miss Alice Frances Everest
Hewitt

440

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

Name.
Carriel, Nathaniel,

State. Service.
Mass., Ensign,

Chandler, Benj.,
Chandler, Joseph,
Chandler, David,

Clark, Samuel,
Cleveland, David,
Cole, Daniel,
Converse, Josiah,
Converse, Jude,
Crane, Joseph,
Dewey, Benj.,
Douglass, Asa;
Eastman, Obadiah,

N. H., Sergeant, Selectman,
Mass., Captain,

Conn., Private,
Mass., Private,
N. H., Private,
Mass., Lieutenant,
Conn., Drummer &
Private
N. Y,, Surgeon,
Mass., Sergeant,
N. Y,, Major,
N. H., Corporal,

Edgell, John,

Mass., PrivateJ& Corporal,

Daughter.
Lucretia Miller Taylor (Mrs
Albert)
Alice Everest Miller (Mrs.
E.)
Florence Dudley Turner
Price (Mrs. Sim. J. Jr.,)
(Trans. 1903)
I Luna Mabel Leonard Gris-
1" mer (Mrs. C. V.)
Abbie Hej-Tvorth Backus
(Mrs. Geo. C.) (Resigned
1908)
Sarah Heyworth Barber
(Mrs. C. H.)
Sarah Imogene Clark
Hathaway (Mrs. F. F.)
(Transferred 1909 to
' Our Flag" Chapter,
Washington, D. C.)
Kate H. Cleveland Smith
(Mrs. J. O.)
Jennie B. Cole Dawson
(Mrs. M. C.)
' Mrs. Whittelsey (Resigned
r 1908)
Ella Barnes Watson (Mrs,
W. C.)
Charlotte Bancroft Trom-
blee (Mrs. F. E.)
Ellen Maria DeForris Bailey
(Mrs. S. P.) (Died 1901)
Frances Bentley Wever
(Mrs. J, M.) (Died 1898)
Miss Louise DeForris
Elizabeth Button Amold
Mary Boynton Amold
Helen Lansing Burritt
(Mrs. B. L.)
Ida Lansing Wilcox (Mrs.
W. B.)
Mary Edgell Jocelyn (Mrs.
S. P.)

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

441

Name.
Edgerton, Simeon,
Eells, Waterman,
Everest, Joseph,
Emerson, Nathaniel,
Fairbanks, Phineas,
Fitch, Jabez,
Fitch, Roswell,
Fitch, Joseph,
Fiber, Thomas,
Forbush, David,

Forsyth, Matthew,
Francis, Asa,
Fuller, Ignatius,
GatcheU, Jeremiah,
GiUiland, William,
Graves, Benj.,
Gunnison, Samuel,
Hall, John,
Hartwell, Jonathan,

State. Service.
Oann., Captain,
Vt., Private, 1
Vt., Private, j
N. H., Lieut.-Colonel,
Mass., Captain,
Conn., Captain, j
Conn., Private, ]
Conn., Ensign,
N. Y., Private,
Mass., Lieutenant,

N. H., Pres. Chester
Com. of Safety
Conn., Private,
Mass., Private,
Mass., Matross,

N. Y., Captain,

Conn., Private &
Bodyguard to
Washington
N. H., Private,
(}onn., Lieutenant,

N, H,, Captain,

Daughter.
Miss Sowles
Miss Ellen A. Hewitt
Anne Emerson Low (Mrs.
E.C.)
Emma L. Weston Barker
(Mrs. D. F,)
Mrs. Geo. F. Nichols (Re
signed 1909)
Margaret Brown Backus
(Mrs. Jabez)
Margaret Dimon Edwards
(Mrs. C. E. M.)
W. Emestine Towne (Mrs.
J. H.) (Transferred 1897
to Eunice Sterling Chap^
ter, Wichita, Kansas)
Mrs. F. E. Tromblee.
Elizabeth S. Kellogg (Mrs.
D. S.)
Miss Loraine Snyder Anson
Miss EHzabeth York (Trans
ferred 1909 to Ironde-
quoit Chapter, Rochester,
N, Y.)
Miss Emily Thurber GiUi
land (Died 1904)
Julia Ross Nichols (Mrs.
E. L.) (Resigned 1897)
Miss Kate J, Saxe

Mrs, C, V, Grismer
Adelia W. Martin (Mrs
John)
Mabel Martin Brady (Mrs,
E. G,)
Chastine HartweU Rogers
(Mrs. W, G.)

442

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

Name.

State

Service.

Daughter.

Haynes, Aaron,

Mass.,

Private,

Anna Palmer Danis j(Mrs.
F. R.)

Haywood, David,

Mass.,

Private,

Mary Kate Alden Shedden
(Mrs. L. L.)

Herkimer, George,

N. Y.,

, Colonel,

Miss Josephine Greene (Re
signed 1899)

Hewitt, Gideon,

Conn.,

, Private,

Miss Alice Hewitt
Mrs. S. H. Price

Hobart, Daniel,

Mass.,

Corporal,

> Mrs Barker

Hobart, Nehemiah,

Mass.,

Selectman,

;

Hooker, Martin,

Conn.,

, Private,

Jean McCain Mooers (Mrs.
W. B.)

HubbeU, Wolcott,

Conn.,

, Private,

Anne Moore HubbeU Jones
(Mrs. C. H.)

Hudson, James,

Mass.,

Captain,

Miss Coranell Hudson
Miss Edna Hudson
Miss Mary Hudson

Hulett, Daniel,

Conn.

, Private,

Mrs. C. H. Barber

Hunt, Ephraim,

Johnston, Chas.,

Jones, Nathan, Sr.,
Jones, Nathan, Jr.,
Kalb, John,
Kellogg, William,
Ketchum, Joseph,

Mass., Private,
N. H., Colonel,

Conn,, Conn.,
N. Y.,
N. Y.,
N. Y.,

Sergeant, )
Private, >
Private, J
Private,Quartermaster,

Emma Cooke Edwards
(Mrs. J. Q.)
Abigail Amold White (Mrs.
J. B.) (Died 1899)
Mary E. WiUiams Brown
(Mrs. W. F.) (Resigned
1902)
Rosa H. Averill Moore (Mrs
C. H.) (Resigned 1906;
died 1908)
Miss Frances Rosa Moore
Miss Lydia Independence
Jones (Transferred 190 2)
Miss Louise A. Perry
Mary Edgerton Nelson Cle
ment (Mrs. H. C.) (Re
signed 1 901)
Miss Frances Rosa Moore
(Resigned 1907)
Rosa Averill Moore (Mrs.
C. H.) (Resigned 1906;
died 1908)

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

•443

Name.
Lane, Derick,

State,
N.J.,

Service,
Lieut,-Colonel,

Larkin, Lorin Nehemiah,
Lawrence, Nathaniel,
Learned, Isaac,
Lincoln, Elkanah,
Little, Moses,
Little, Stephen,
Lynde, Jonathan,
Mapson, Zacheus,
Marshall, Ichabod,
Marshall, Jonathan,
Marvin, Benjamin,
Mason, Aaron,
Mather, Samuel, M. D.,
Matthews, Stephen,
Mclntyre, WiUiam,
Mattocks, Samuel,
MUler, Nathan,

Mooers, Benjamin,

Conn., Ojnn.,Mass.,Mass,, Mass., Mass.,

Private, Sergeant,Bombadier, Sergeant, Colonel, Rep. Mass.
Leg. 1776,
Private,

N. Y.,
R. I,, Ensign,
Mass., Sergeant,
Mass., Corporal

N. Y.,
Mass,,Conn., Conn.,
N, H„
Conn.,
N. Y.,

Captain,Drummer, Captain, Captain,
Coxswain, Captain,Private

Mass., Lieutenant,

Daughter,
Julia Russell Lane Myers
(Mrs. J. H.)
Gertrude R. Myers Bentley
(Mrs. C. H.)
Caroline Larkin Baker (Mrs,
E. E.)
Bertha Wilcox Parsons
(Mrs. Lance)
Ella Famsworth Silver
(Mrs. C. D.)
Minnie Lincoln George
(Mrs. J. A.)
[• Mrs. G. F. Tuttle
Miss Helen Mary Palmer
(Resigned 1896)
Mary Greene Bonesteel
(Mrs. C. H.) (Resigned
1902; died 1904)
Miss Lucy Warren
Pauline Marshall Phelps
(Mrs. Lee)
Miss Warren
Mrs. Phelps
Miss Sowles
Maude Parsons ViaU (Mrs.
Harry)
Miss Sowles
Miss Mary Matthews
Mrs. Tuttle
Miss EUen Rose Nye
Almira Miller AveriU (Mrs.
H. K., Jr.) (Transferred
1904)
Lena Almira Elkins Dale
(Mrs. C. J.)
Lucy Beckwith Sowles
(Mrs. M.)
Margaret (Beckwith) Hough
ton (Mrs. Silas) (Re
signed J 899)
Mrs. C. H. Jones

444

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

Name.

State

Service.

Moores, Benjamin,

Mass.,

Lieutenant,

Moore, Mark,

Mass.,

, Private,

Moore, Pliny,

Mass.,

Lieutenant,

Moore, William,

N. H.,

, Captain,

Morgan, Jonas,

Conn.

, Ensign,

Mygatt, Eli,
Newcomb, Andrew,

Palmer, Fenner,
Palmer, John,
Pahner, Sylvanus,
Paulinte, Antoine,
Payne, Noah,
Phetteplace, John,

Pease, Calvin,
Philips, Samuel,
Pierce, Jonathan,

Pike, Ezra,
Pike, Jarvis,
Piatt, Charles,

Conn.,
N. Y.,

Conn.,Conn,,Vt.,
N. Y,,
Conn.,
N. Y.,

Lieut.-Colonel,
Lieutenant,

Captain, Ensign, Private,
Captain, Private,Private,

Conn,, Drummer,

Mass.,
N. Y.,

N. Y„
N. Y.,
N, Y„

Private,
Private,

Private, )
Private, )
Quartermaster,

Daughter.
Miss Sowles
Miss Sarah Wool Moore
Sophie Beckwith Newton
(Mrs. H. A.)
May Moore Vert (Mrs. C.J.)
Miss Helen McDougall
Annie HubbeU Jones (Mrs.
C. H.)
Katherine (Moore) Rogers
(Mrs. James)
Ella McCaffrey Keman
(Mrs. Frances) (Re
signed 1899)
Kate McCaffrey Burroughs
(Mrs. James) (Died 1900)
Jane Ketchum Morgan
McCaffrey (Mrs. W. J.)
Miss Isabella C. Mygatt
(Resigned 1903)
Eleanor Mead Hudson (Mrs
Geo. H.)
Jeanette Mead Guibord
(Mrs. W. W.)
Anna Palmer Danis (Mrs,
F. R.)
Miss Jones (Resigned 1902)
Miss Harriette Blow
Miss Erminia Whitley
Ida Thomas Hayes (Mrs
L. W.)
Miss Cora Moon
Miss Ruth Waterman Nor
ton (Resigned 1906)
Mrs. Tuttle
Mrs. Katherine Barber Bar
ber (Mrs. P. H.) (Re
signed 1906)
Lillian Pike Everest (Mrs.
E. C.) (Resigned 1908)
Anna Heath Conant (Mrs
Frank)
Anna Pahner Danis (Mrs,
F. R.)

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

44 S

Name.
Piatt, Nathaniel,
Piatt, Zephaniah, Sr.,

Piatt, Zephaniah, Jr.,

State. Service.
N. Y., Captain,
N. Y., Signer Ass'n
Test & Prison
Martyr,
N. Y., Lieutenant &
Adjutant

Prescott, Joshua,
Randall, Stephen,
Ransom, Elisha,
Roberts, John,

N. H., Patriot,
Mass., Matross,
Vt., (Corporal,
N. Y., Drummer,

Daughter.
Mrs. C. H. Jones
Miss Sowles
Mrs. Conant
Mrs. Danis
Catherine Cady Endicott
(Mrs. F. C.)
Jeannette Averill Corbin
(Mrs. Royal) (Resigned
1897)
Mrs. Endicott
Sarah Piatt FuUer (Mrs.
W. A.) (Resigned 1902;
died 1902)
Miss Margaret Piatt Fuller
(Resigned 1902)
Susan Averill Kellogg (Mrs.
S. A.) (Resigned 1897;
died 1899)
Mary Piatt LobdeU (Mrs.
F. P.)
Miss Mary Piatt Mooers
(Resigned 1908)
ICatherine Mooers Piatt
(Mrs. A. M.) (Resigned
1907)
Margaret Wohf Rutherford
(Mrs. A.)
Pauline Cady Stoddard
(Mrs. Chauncey)
Mary SaiUy Warren (Mrs.
A. M.)
Martha Burch Wolff (Mrs.
John)
Miss Helen Douglass Wood
ward
Helen Prescott Lansing
(Mrs. C. W.)
Mrs. Barker
Miss Mary Elizabeth Barber
Jeanette Mead Guibord
(Mrs. W. W.) (Died 1901)
Mrs. G. H. Hudson

446

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

Name.
Roberts, John,
Sanderson, Isaac,
Scott, Henry,
Senter, Joseph,
Sherwood, Adiel,
Signor, Jacob,
Skinner, William,
Southmayd, William,
Spalding, Joseph,
Steams, Asa,
Steams, John,

Stiles, Asa,
Sykes, Ashbel,

Thomas, Israel,
Tompkins, Gilbert,

State. Service.
N. Y,, Drummer,
Mass., Private,
N. Y,, Private,
N. H., Colonel,
N. Y., Captain,
N. Y., Private,
Mass., Private,
Conn., Private,
Vt., Sergeant,
Mass., Private,
Mass., Lieutenant,

Conn., Private,
Conn., Private,

Ten Broeck, John C, N. Y., Captain,

Conn., Private,
R. I., Sergeant of
Marines

Treadway, Jonathan, Mass., Drummer,

Daughter.
Sarah Weed Ketchum (Mrs.
Wm.S.) (Resigned 1899)
Flora Clapp Ransom (Mrs.
J.B.)
Elizabeth Fiske Johnson
Clapp (Mrs. H. Rowland)
Miss Lucy Warren
Theodora Kyle Chase (Mrs.
F. H.) (Resigned 1902)
Mary E. Williams Brown
(Mrs. Wm. F.) (Resigned
1902)
Mrs. Whittelsey (Resigned
1909)
Mrs. Wm. Brown
Jessie Spalding Black (Mrs.
James B.)
Jessie Barber Johnson (Mrs.
C. S.)
Miss Catherine Hodges
Marion E. Hodges (Mrs.
Chester E.)
Margaret Robinson (Mrs.
John R.)
Miss Amina Stiles
Emma Brewer Bromley
(Mrs. Earle A.)
Adelaide Brewer Kimmell
(Mrs. Wm. S.) (Resigned
1909)
Miss Elizabeth Ross (Re
signed 1902)
Frances Ross Weed (Mrs.
Geo. S.) (Resigned 1902)
Mrs. L. W. Hayes
EHzabeth Tompkins Jones
(Mrs. E. N.) (Transferred
to White Plains Chapter
190s)
Adeline Treadway LobdeU
(Mrs. G. M.)

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

447

Name.
Turbett, Thomas,

State. Service,
Perm,, Lieut,-Colonel,

Tuttle, Samuel,

Tuttle, Samuel, Jr.,
Walworth, Benjamin,

Ward, David,
Wesson, James,
West, Wilkes,
Whitney, Jason,
Whitney, Samuel,
Wilcox, Eleazer,
Wilcox, Obadiah,
Wilcox, Obadiah, Jr.,
Wood, Jonathan,

Wood, Solomon,

Mass., Lieutenant &
Superintendent
to Working
Parties
Mass., Private,
Conn., Quartermaster,

N. Y., Private,
Mass., Colonel,
N. H., Private,
Mass., Private,
Mass., Private,
N. H., Signer Ass'n
Test,
N. H., Corporal,
N. H., Private,
N. Y., Private,

N. Y., Private,

Daughter.
Eleanor McGiU Carr (Mrs.
W. B.)
Alexandra Gamble Duke
(Mrs. T. T.)
Eleanor A. McG. Gamble
(Resigned 1909)
Mary McGiU Gamble (Mrs
Joseph)
M. Jeanette Brookings Tut
tle (Mrs. G. F.)
Ella Holmes Waterman
(Mrs. John. A.)
Miss Sadie Laura Wayne
Mrs. Tuttle, Mrs, Waterman
Caroline Walworth Fams
worth (Mrs. John) (Re
signed 1 901)
Mary Walworth Joerrison
(Mrs. Joseph) (Trans
ferred to Oneida Chapter,
Utica, 1906)
Miss Jones
Mrs. Barker
Charlotte Bancroft Trom
blee (Mrs. Frank E.)
Mary Kate Alden Shedden
Mrs. L. L.)
Elizabeth FairchUd Stower
(Mrs. J. N.)
Miss. L. I. Jones
Augusta Wood Cady (Mrs.
H. W.) (Died 1898)
Miss Kate H. Wood (Trans
ferred to PhUip Schuyler
Chapter 1896)
Helen Lawrence Marshall.
(Mrs. MUo H.)
Alice Phelps Kellogg Riley
(Mrs. F. J.)

448

Three Centuries in Champlain Valley

Name. State. Service.
Woodbury, Bartholomew, Mass., Colonel,

Woodruff, John,
Woodruff, Silas,

Conn., Captain,
N. Y., Private,

Daughter.
Miss Grace Mabel Everest
Miss Alice F. E. Hewitt
Miss EUen A. Hewitt
Mrs, S. J, Price
Mrs. A. H. Taylor
Miss Mary Matthews
Katherine Woodruff Shaw
(Mrs. James)

INDEX OF PERSONS AND ORGANIZATIONS.

Abenakis, 163, 165, 350.
Abercrombie, 151, 202, 204, 207,
214, 226, 235.
Aboir, P., 231.
Abolitionists, 8, 14, 139, 273-4
361, 403-5.
Acland, John Dyke, 175.
Lady Harriet, 191, 197.
Adams, Elisha A., 405.
Henry J., 141, 405.
Addams, Elizabeth, 31, 149, 318.
John, 31, 41, 42, 149, 197, 26s,
318, 373, 385, 434.
John Townsend, 190, 385.
Mary (Townsend), 42, 318, 385.
Adirondack Chapter, D. A. R., 44,
264.
Adriance, Caroline, 147, 355.
Agniers, 80.
Agricultural Societies, 30, 104,
403, 418.
Aikens, Asa, 20, 119.
Betsey (Smith), 20.
Martin J., 151, 281.
Solomon, 20.
Aiken's Volunteers, 38, 151, 281-2,
289.
Alden, Alonzo, 24, 223.
Isaac, 223.
John, 223.
Alger, RusseU, 236.
Algonquins, 163, 165, 181, 315, 318.
Allen, Anson H., 205-6, 336.
Charles P., 401-
Ebenezer (Col.) 25, 45. 86, 351,
354-
Edward Viel, 75.
Elisha, 388, 395.
Enoch, 354-
Ethan (Gen.), 10, 14, 23, 29, 32,
45, 47, SO, 51. 54, 86, 105, 126,
127-129, 131-133, i44> 146,
158, 168, 200, 258-9, 312, 316,
327, 336, 354, 394-
Ethan Voltaire, 14, 55-
Ezra, 407.

Allen, Fanny, 55.
Frances Montezuma (Buchanan)
14, 54, 336.
Frederick, 289.
Hannibal, 29, 55.
Heman (Capt.) of Bennington,
261, 312.
Heman (Colchester, Burlington)
192.
Heman (Milton, Burlington)
354-5, 401, 410-11.
Ira (Gen.), 14, 23, 50, 140, 354,
364-
Ira H., 140.
James S., 398.
Jerusha (Enos), 140.
John, 388, 395, 410.
Jonas, 94-s, 189.
Lamberton, 25, 354.
Levi, 23, 51.
Lucinda, 261.
R. P., 26.
Samuel, Sr., 354.
Samuel, Jr., 354-5-
Thomas, 90, 157, 216, 284.
Zenas, 87, 157, 407.
Alvis, Mr., 296.
Amherst, 36, 176, 185, 225, 227, 230,
235, 242-3, 257, 321, 329, 333,
338-340, 342, 345-6, 350.
Andrance, Albert, 266.
Andre, John, 318, 362.
Andrews, J. Warren, 377.
Anstruther, Lieutenant, 250.
Antill, Edward, 291.
Appling, Lieut.-Col., 281.
Armstrong, Clarissa, 324.
Libean, 324.
Martin, 77.
Arnold, Benedict, 39, 61, 11 7-8,
127-8, 132, 136, 142-6, 177,
180, 188, 260, 263, 279, 286,
291, 3°5, 308-9, 324, 329,
331-4, 337, 397, 402, 436.
Elisha, 72,

4SO

Index of Persons and Organizations

Arthur, Chester A., 323.
Reuben, 10 1.
Richard D., 292.
Ashley, Elisha, 49.
Enoch, 49.
Astor, John Jacob, 56, 84, 154.
Atkinson, Colonel, 231.
Atwood, Joab, 399.
William, 359, 399.
Augustin, Helena, 364.
Austin, President (U. V. M.), 71.
Averill, Calvin K., 26, 161,
Daniel, 74, 266, 416.
Henry K., 81, 87, 112-3, 151,
157, 315-
Maria K., 23.
Mary (Polly), 23, 87, 104, 112,
161, 173, 384.
Nathan, Sr., 74, 89, 94, 266, 320,
373, 402, 416.
Nathan, Jr., 23, 74, 87, 103, 112,
161, 173, 266, 416.
Samuel, 348.
Ayers, EHakim, 60, 66-7, 166, 171,
296, 324, 334, 401, 405.
Robert, 121.
Ayotte, Pierre, 290.
Ayslin, Isaac, 361.
AZY, d' Lieut., 212.
Badlam, Mrs., 318.
William, 318.
Bacon, Esther, 3 10-3 11.
Mary, 384.
Wm. C, 124.
Bailey, Florence B., 403.
Edmund S., 403.
Gen. Jacob, 264.
James, 115, 284, 319-20.
John,^, 78, 223.
John W., 78, 244.
Theodorus, 8, 45, 105-6, 229,
330, 403.
Thurber, 244.
William, 8, 14, 45, 58, 65, 78,
98, 104-S, 115, 123, 140, 229,
310.
William, H., 58, 98.
Bainbridge, Commodore, 138.
Baker, C. Alice, 357.
Daniel, 115.
E. C, 277, 349.
Jane, 32.
Mrs. M. G., 13.
Remember, 82, 133, 213, 394.
Reuben, 72.

Baker, Thomas, 307, 371, 407.
WiUiam, 86.
Balcarres, General, 175.
Balch, Alvah, 350, 436.
Chester, 163, 399.
Ebenezer, Sr., 161, 352, 436,
Ebenezer, Jr., 350, 352-3, 436.
Mrs. Timothy, 9, 353.
Timothy, 148, 163, 350, 352.
Baldwin, Mary, 265.
Ball, 372.
Adonijah, 385.
Isaac, 385.
Moses, 385.
Rachel, 385.
Banker, Lucretia, 259, 360.
Baptist Church, 12, 57, 63, 64, 68.
95, 100, 147, 174, 424.
Barber, Alanson D., 55, 274.
G. E., 347, 349, 371-
Isaac, 361.
John, 88.
Barker, Hannah, 350.
Nicholas, 310, 350.
N. B., 347.
Barnard, Charles, no.
Joseph, no, 152.
Barnes, A. C, 203.
Asa, 132
Jeremiah, 268.
Lois, 152.
Lucretia, 152.
M. A. 295.
William, 136.
Barr, Conrad, 340, 384.
Barret, P. J., 212.
Lawrence, 433
Barron, Joseph, 22, 157, 299, 306.
Barrows, Isaac, 88.
Barton, Caleb, 426.
Lewis, 266.
Bassett, David, 361.
Bateman, Smith, 152.
Bates, Elizabeth, 35.
Baum, Frederick, 249, 262.
Beach, Cynthia, 313, 343.
Beale, George, 191.
Beaudry, Louis N., 390.
Beauharnois, Marquis de, 329, 400.
Beaumont, Samuel, 27, 284, 328.
William, 118, 216-17, 328.
Beckwith, Baruch, 27, 33, 421.
Benj. M., 344-5, 347, 37^, 42i-
Daniel, 153 263.
George H., 347.
George, M., 33,103,148,277,423,

Index of Persons and Organizations

45 1

Beckwith, Julius D., 371.
Bedue, Sieur, 360.
Beecher, Lyman, 69.
Beekman, "WilHam, 58.
Belden, Lois, 352.
Belding, Sarah, 401.
Bellamy, Justus, 398.
Bellemont, Earl of, 259.
Bellevue Chapter, D. A. R., 94.
Bellows, Hiram, 48.
James, 291.
ames T., 48.
Tryphena, 48.
Belton, George, 47, 52, 65, 66, 77,
84, 112, 131, 185, 304, 334, 338,
365-
Beman, Aaron, 419, 423.
Amy, 96.
George, 419.
Jemima, 419.
Nathan, 8,96, 131— 2, 157, 263—4,
300, 419.
Samuel, 94, 96, 157, 264, 266,
300.
Benedict, 141.
Aaron, 350.
Cyrus, 350, 380.
G. C, 309.
Walter H., 141.
Bennet, John N., 88.
Bentley, Charles, 116.
Benzel, Adolphus, 70, 306.
Berrien, John, 266.
Berthier, Sieur de, 326.
Bidwell, Sedgwick W., 403.
Billings, Andrew, 266.
Mr., 420.
Bingham, Jerusha, 312
Bird, Gustavus A., 151.
 105.
Bissell, Ben, 26.
General, 90.
Bissell's Brigade, 239
Bixby, Deborah, T. S., 76.
George F., 44, 172.
Black Watch Regiment, 201, 221,
323.
Blake, C. D., 428.
Blanchard, Orlin, 361.
iLll^lf!j°^"'5-Blood, Nathaniel, 77.
Bloomfield, Joseph, 276, 301, 364,
370.
Blush, Harvey, 283,

Boardman, Benjamin, 232, 269, 292,
Edwin, 303.
Elisha, 232, 269.
Henry, 232, 269.
Hezekiah, 292.
Horace, 370.
Joseph, 232, 269, 303.
Lucius, 370.
Samuel, 232, 292.
Bogert, William, 64.
Boilau, Pierre, 231.
Boilleau, Amable, 291.
Bolabarras, M. de, 333.
Bonneville, General, 167.
Booth, Edwin, 433.
P. E., 349, 371.
John H., 424.
Bordwbll, Joel, 271.
Bostwick, Hulda, 153.
Botsford, E. F., 44.
Boucher, M., 362.
Bougainville, General, 268-9, 272.
Bouille, Helene, 430.
Nicholas, 430.
Bourdon, Sieur, 163.
Bourlemaque, General, 227, 240
252, 395-
Bowen, Bishop, 358.
S. P., 194, 428.
Bowman, Bishop, 384.
A. W., 373.
Boynton, John, 146, 307, 373, 399.
Bradford, Elisha, Sr., 345.
Elisha, Jr., 345.
Bradstreet, Colonel, 207.
l^ADYiThomas, 112,425. 435.
Braman, Daniel, 405.
Brand, H., 240.
James, 263.
Breakenbridge ) t™<>„ -,. .--
Breakenridge [James, 234, 430.
Mary, 397.
Breed, Allen, Sr., 182, 248, 260,
323. AUen, Jr., 248, 359.
EHphalet, 260.
Brewer, Chief Justice, 304.
Brewster, Jeremiah, 341.
Bridge, Samuel Southby, 338, 341,
343.
Brimmer, George, 77.
Brinkerhoff, Abraham, 136, 137.
Abram D., 21, 64.
Mrs. Abraham, 107.

452

Index of Persons and Organizations

Brisbane, Ezekiel, 286.
Maj. -General, 263, 273, 275-6,
284.
Broadwell, David, gi.
Noah, 310.
Smith, 91.
Brock, L. D., 370, 384-5.
Brook, Lord, 33.
Brooks, Bartemas, 152.
Bromley, I. W. R., 370.
Brown, Captain, 70.
Captain John, 279.
Colonel, 58.
George, 43-
John(of Ossawatomie), 149-51,
273, 279, 280, 403, 404-5-
John (of Rhode Island), 262.
Josiah, 37.
Judge, 134.
Hannah, 134.
Major, 342.
Mary A., 403.
Peter, 279.
Sabra, 303.
Brunneau, a. O., 124.
Brunson, John, 35.
Bryce, Ambassador, 204, 208-n.
Buchanan, Fanny (Allen q. v.)
Buck, Bellina, 153.
Bostwick, 239.
David, 153.
Ephriam, 113, 130, 153, 251,
368.
George F., 251, 420.
Henry, 130.
Hulda, 153.
Joel, 153.
Philander, 153.
Buckham, James, 10-14, 17, 21, 36,
39, 51, S3, 59, 64, 84, 88,
93-4, 100, 105, 107-g, III-
112, 114, 116, 121, 123-125,
127, 138, .140, 143, 147-8,
152, 154, 156, 160-3, 165, 168,
172, 195, 206, 218, 220, 222,
225, 228, 230, 236, 240—1,
245-7, 257, 274, 276-7, 296,
298, 303-5, 318-321, 325. 327,
336, 338-40, 351-3, 356, 358,
360, 373, 377-9, 397, 400,
434-5, 43 7-
Matthew Henry, 235, 378, 424.
*"The Heart of Life," a coUec-
tion of early poems is pub
lished by Copeland & Day of
Boston.

irLL,}Ei-.^52. Julia (SaiUy), 415.
Ozias, 244.
Polly, 130, 408.
Samuel, 18, 252, 273.
Bulkley, Catherine F., 76.
Edwin A., 65, 429.
Bullard, Erastus, 390.
Bullock, Grace, 377.
Burbank, Lucy, 372.
Burchard, James, 350.
Sarah, 350-1.
Burgoyne, 126, 134, 170, 174, 178-9,
182, 184-5, 190-1, 197, 199, 202,
248-9, 259, 354, 404.
Burke, Bishop, 212.
Mary. Mayor, 211.
Thomas, 70, 77, 79.
Burnham, George, 281.
Burroughs, Kate L., (McCaffrey),
120.
Burrows, J. M., 286.
Burt, Benjamin, 401.
George, 409.
Bush, Isaac, 136.
Butler, Benjamin, 87.
Henry, E., 19.
Butterfield, Thomas, 341.
Byantum, John, 177.
Byington, Joel, 67, 171, 337.
Cabot, Abigail, 43.
Marston, 43.
Cady, Augusta M. (Wood), 171.
Cyrus, 421.
Daniel, W., 209.
Heman, 113, 421.
H. W., 371.
T. P., 370.
Caillat, Marie, 427.
81lk1ns, [Benjamin, 19, 266.
Calvanistic Cong'l Church, 57, 60,
80, 104, III, 261, 367, 412.
Cammeron, William, 77.
Campbell, Anna, 250.
Duncan, 221, 250.
James, 398.
John, 126.
Lieutenant, 126.
Cane, WilHam, 276.
Captives, Indian, 23, 24, 305, 400-2.
Carew, Judge, 107.

Index of Persons and Organizations

453

Carignan-Salieres, i6, 32, 87, 41,
47, 80, 315, 318.
Carlton, General, 160, 175-6, 248,
278, 297, 318, 337, 342, 354,
404.
Lady Maria, 313.
Carpenter, Benjamin, 228.
Polly, 348.
Miss, 413.
Carroll, Charles, 114, 133.
John, 114.
Carter, John M., 140.
Judith, 408.
Lieutenant, 294, 299.
William, 420.
Carver, Nathan, 25.
Cary, Phebe, 407.
Casse, (Corse) Elizabeth, 218, 357,
368.
Cassin, Lieutenant, 137.
Casson, Father, 271.
Catholic (Roman) Church, 121,
124, 125-6, 137, 154, 201, 212,
218—219, 229, 237, 256, 271,
285, 313, 319, 321, 355, 361,
362, 380, 385, 391, 400-403,
415, 416, 418, 422, 429.
Catholic Summer School, 44, 254,
268.
Catlin, Mary, 319.
Moses, 244, 261.
" Cato," 14.
Chamberlain, Edward B., 69, 72.
W3rman, 383.
Chambers, WUHam, 352.
Chambly, de, 326.
Champlain Academy, 286.
Assembly, (Clifi Haven, q.v.).
Canal, 30, 246-7.
Ferry Company, 35.
Madame, 421-422.
Presbytery, 19, 202, 380.
Samuel de, 181, 195-7, i99. 201,
212-213, 225, 23s, 421, 428,
Transportation Ompany, 13,
35, 38, 55, ISO, 353-
Chandler, Doctor, 328.
W. H., 349-
Chantonette, Francis, 171, 34i-
Charles II, 279.
Chartier, Theodore, 291.
Chase, Moses, 55, 137, 244-
Samuel, 114-
Chasy, Sieur de, 80, 114-

Chateaugay Ore & Iron Co., 109.
Chatterton, John, 19.
Chaurain, Lewis, 418.
Chipman, John, 362.
Chism, John, 7, 108, 130, 324, 333,
365,383- •
Chittenden, Thomas, 9, 13, 108, 222,
312.
Church, Captain, 407.
Churchill, Samuel, 64.
Cincinnati, Order of the, 123, 150.
Clapp, Joel, 317.
Clark, Bethuel, 361.
B. S. W., 115.
Colonel Isaac, 64, 91, 221—2.
George L., 277.
Jesse, 361.
Joanne W., 76.
John, 361, 430.
Miss C. P., 317.
Newman S., 231.
Sally, II.
Samuel, no.
W. O., 74.
Clement, President, 285.
Clifford, Jonathan, 359.
Clinton County Agricultural Soci
ety, 104, 276, 337, 418.
Associate Mission, 39.
Bible Society, 36, 67-8.
Medical Society, 22, 24-7, 245,
302-3, 325.
Military Association, 294-5.
Clinton Lodge, F. & A. M., 400.
406.
Clinton, DeWitt, 400.
George, 82, 113, 123, 231.
Sir Henry, 153.
Cloutier, Charles, 231.
Clowes, Mr., 429.
Cochran, John, 98, 409-4I0.
Robert, 177.
Sarah, 409-410.
Codrington, Sir Edward, 49.
Coe, Martha, 318.
WUHam, 94.
Coffin, Tristram, 350.
Coit, Joseph H., 136, 254, 318-9,
321.
Cole, Caleb P., 69.
Joseph, 69.
Collins, Gideon, 431.
Mr., 29.
Columbus, 348.

454

Index of Persons and Organizations

Commissioners (Boundary Line),
278, 285-6.
(Land), 74, 123, 290.
(Peace), 118.
(Tercentenary), 286, 288-9, 424-
(Turnpike), 96.
Comstock, Peter, 178, 246-7.
Polly, 252.
Rufus, 252.
Samuel, 246.
Conant, R. T., 317.
Cong'l Presbyterian Church, 26,
64, 80—81, IOI, 116, 133, 274.
Cong'l Unitarian Church, 16, no,
"3'
Congress, Continental, 34, 133, 312,
370.
Provincial, 34, 117, 236.
Conklin, Elizabeth, 21, 407, 419.
Roscoe, 407.
Conroy, John J., 154, 385.
Constable, William, 115.
Contrecour, Sieur, 207.
Converse, J. H., 60, 401.
Lucy, 164.
Cook, Joseph, 24, 229, 321, 390.
Ransom, 121.
Susan, 158, 231, 382.
WilHam H., 428.
Cooper, Charles D., 96.
Henry, 177.
J. Fenimore, 156.
Sir Astley, 49.
Corbin, Abigail, 31.
Charity, 43.
John, 31, 43, 44.
Josiah, 14, 113.
Joseph, 113, 258, 320, 376.
Martha, 21, 31, 43, 376.
Mary (TaUmadge), 258.
Moses, 318.
Royal, 43, no, 348.
Warren, 103, 383.
Corlear, 287.
Corning (Coming & Cook), 415.
Cottrill, C. H., 349, 371.
Courcelles, M. de, 16, 29, 37, 47,
287, 318, 432-3-
CouRSOL, Justice, 414.
Cowles, C. D., 68, 74, 204, 209,
268.
Coyle, Dr., 268.
Craig, John, 43, 94.
Sir James, 404.
Sir John, 48.

Cramer, Fred H., 347, 349.
Crippen, Sarah, 246.
Crook, James, 104.
Crosby, E., 371.
E. M., 428.
Cross, Henry, 177.
Culbertson, Lieutenant, 188.
Culver, Francis, 194, 196-7.
John, 318.
Curtis, Zerah, n.
Cutler, Christiana, 75.
Cuyler, John Bleecker, 40.
Stephen, 72.
Daggett, Naptha, 54.
Mary, 54, 140.
Dane, Prof., 196.
Darby, Jacob, 361.
" David," 9, 435.
Davidson, John, 415.
Julian O., 277.
Levi P., 219, 363, 396, 397.
Lucretia, 86, 88, 104, 109, 117,
124, 125, 155-6, 170, 191,
210, 2ig, 243, 270-1, 314,
337, 348, 421, 425.
Margaret (Miller), 122, 150, 155,
195, 219, 223, 225, 275-6,
281, 290, 332.
Margaret M., 7, 18, 67, 69, 72,
85, 86, 88, 99, 114, 187, 192-3,
199, 219, 224, 264—5, 277,
307, 310, 328-9, 335-6, 392,
427-8, 436-7-
Matthias O., 88, 219, 277.
Oliver P., 24, 25, 219.
D'avignon, Francis J., 244, 388.
Davis, Captain, 334.
Davoust, 165.
Day, Thomas, 77.
Deall, Samuel, 16.
Dean, Mr., 65, 273.
Deane, Sarah, 118, 377.
Silas, 118.
Dearborn, General, 327, 334, 422,
436.
DeForris, Charles S., 347.
Truman, 302-3, 316.
De Goesbriand, Bishop, 124-5, 237.
Delaney, James, 349.
Patrick K., 154.
De Levis, 209, 214.
Dellius, Godfrey, 279.
Delord, Frances (Quinac), 235.
Frances H., 335.

Index of Persons and Organizations

455

Delord, Henry, 88, 233, 235, 239,
254, 310, 335, 400.
Jean Baptiste, 235.
Madam, 24, 254, 335.
Demary, 388.
Deming, Julius, 244.
Denio, Conrad, 361.
Dennis, George, 361.
Denonville, M. de, 376.
Desabrevois, 38.
Derochers, T. E., 371.
Deuel, i t> 1
Duel (Dual), ^piraim, 366.
Joseph, 388.
Phoebe, 388, 410.
Dewey, Thomas, 49.
Zabadiah, 49.
Dibble, Israel, 178.
Dickson, | t c
Dixon, ^ lona, 361.
Moses, 171, 296, 324, 365.
Dielle, Caroline A. (Piatt), 97,
223.
John, 97, 223.
Dieskau, Baron, 240, 279, 287.
Digby, Lieutenant, 160, 173, 176,
198, 205, 208, 226, 251, 313,
317, 333.
Dobie, David, 9, 26, 32, 51, 52, 61,
103.
Eliza, 103.
Dodge, Daniel, 57, 267, 296.
John A., 57.
Jordan, 57.
DooLiTTLE, Ephraim, 327, 329.
Dominey, John, 107.
DONEGAN, [Governor, 287.
Doric Club, 368.
Dorland, EHzabeth, 128.
Sally, 290.
Dougherty, James, 245.
Douglas, Hon. Capt., 49, 162.
Douglas, \ «
Douglass, [Asa, 37, 75, 202, 257.
Benajah P., 121.
Caleb, 359.
David, 123.
James, 164.
Jonathan, 37, 164.
John, 37, 49, 59, 75, 134, 202.
Lucy, 37.
Nathaniel, 11, 134, 164, 202.
WiUiam, 257.
Downie, George, 291-2; 294.

Dual (Deual), q.v.
Dudley, Martin, 178.
Duke of Kent, 62.
Dumontel, Jean, 368.
Duncan, Silas, 151.
Dunning, Esther, 388.
Lovel, 286.
Durand, Calvin, 152.
Francis Joseph, 152.
Joseph, 152.
Marinus F., 63, 167.
Durham, John, 361.
Durkee, Adan, 339.
Andrew, 339.
Sheldon, 157, 339-40, 384, 423,
Timothy, 339, 423.
W. H., 371.
Dutch, 147, 211, 279, 287, 355, 399,
Dyer, Jeremy H., 64.
Earl, Benjamin, 432.
Hannah, 58, 432.
Easton, Colonel, 119.
Edgerton, Alfred P., 295.
Bela, 85, 136, 200, 295, 315, 370,
381.
Elisha, 315.
Joseph K., 295.
Lycurgus, 295.
Phebe, 295, 385^
Edward, Prince of Wales, 61, 174,
Edwards, C. G. S., 428.
Gustavus, v., 106, 310, 429.
Joseph W., 429.
J- Q-, 349-
Margaret E. (Mrs. C. E. M.), 76,
ISO.
Thomas, 240.
Eels, Sarah, 323, 339.
Waterman, Sr., 257, 339.
Waterman, Jr., 83.
Eldred, Alida, 99.
Hannah, 291, 338.
Warren, 99.
Elkins, S. D., 126.
Ellis, Loring, 194.
Ellsworth, John, 416.
Elmore, Colonel, 132.
Lott, 35, 418, 419
Ely, Nathaniel, 408.
Emerson, George H., 410.
Joseph R., 44, no, 410.
Thomas, 44.
Emery, Samuel, 178, 285, 406.
Enos, Roger, 140.

456

Index of Persons and Organizations

Episcopal Church, 8, 13, 39, 136,
201, 233, 254, 284-5, 301, 306,
317-319, 321, 358-9, 387, 413.
415, 416, 428, 431, 433-4-
Everest, Aaron S., 317, 362, 433.
Asa E., 432.
Benjamin, 248.
Calvin, 263, 339.
Ethan, 152.
Joseph, 248, 323, 339, 404, 432.
Josiah, 276, 323, 362, 426.
Luther, 339.
Zadock, 248, 252, 337.
Everitt, Edward, 98.
Facto, Peggy, 78-9.
Fairchild, Benj. S., 24.
EHzabeth, 24.
Fairman, James, 70.
Farnsworth, John, 263.
Farquarson, D. L. W., 201.
Farragut, David, 46, 150, 330.
Parrell, 87
Farrington, Lieutenant, 242.
Farsworth, Captain, 287.
Fay, Hezekiah, 359.
John, 257.
Jonas, 132, 312.
Samuel, 19.
Federalists, 48, 411.
Fellows, George, 384.
Pelt, B. P., 97.
Ann E., 97.
Fenwick, Colonel, 239.
Ferris, Benjamin, 248.
Deacon, 29.
Hiram, 150.
Jacob, 36, 94-5, 216, 239.
Mary, 125.
Peter, 363-4-
WiUiam, 118.
Pessie, John, 231.
PiFiELD, Colonel, 406.
Fillmore, Millard, 381,
Septa, 368, 381.
Finch, Isaac, 98.
Pish, Elizabeth, 388.
Fisher, Josiah, 409.
Fisk, Josiah, 266-8, 296.
Eleanor, 33, 301.
Ichabod, 33, 301.
Nelson W., 285-6.
Samuel, 33, 291.
Fiske (Claudius, Eben, Ira, Solo
mon), 361,

Pitch, George W., 413.
Ichabod, 96.
Jabez, 286.
Flagg, Azariah, 67, 151.
Fletcher, Mary L., 40, 219.
Mary M., 31, 40, 219.
Flint, Jonathan, 77.
Floyd, William, 266.
Folger, John, 350.
Foley, James D., 424.
Fontfleyd, John, 98, 243.
Foot, Mary, M. 76.
Forbes, Colonel, 326.
Forrence, Miss, 231.
Porrilles, Sieur, 32.
Forsyth, Doctor, 26.
Major, 64, 90, 174, 188-9.
Fort, (governor, 432.
Poster, John, 16.
Fountain, Joseph, 418.
Fouquet, Amherst D., 50.
Hannah, 50.
Douglas, 50.
John L., 27, 49, 167, 243.
Merrit L., 50.
Fowler, Captain, 278.
Theodosius, 96.
Franklin, Benjamin, 114, 133, 173,
402.
Molly, 173, 395, 426.
Praser, General, 175.
Frazier, General, 173, 175, 179, 183,
189, 190, 193, 226, 249, 250.
Lieutenant, 77.
Frawley, James J., 424.
Fredenburgh, Charles de, 18, 35,
59, 177, 252, 262, 278, 289, 430.
Freligh, Elizabeth S., 124.
John G., 8, 38, 107, 179, 310, 322,
417-
Margaret, A., 8, 38.
French, 44, 77, 86, 107, 178, 241,
2.79, 287, 350.
Abigail, 109, 165, 196, 218, 401,
Deacon, 218, 368, 401.
Freedom, 218, 357, 391.
Martha, 218, 391, 401.
Mary, 218, 368.
Thomas, 218, 319.
Friends, Society of, 87, 102-3, 208,
235-6, 279, 280, 350, 356-7, 366,
369, 370, 382-3, 387-8.
Friot, Alex., 291.
Friswell, John, 57, 160.
Pry, Colonel James, 171.

Index of Persons and Organizations

457

Fuller, Elsie, 295.
Henry C, 31.
Ignatius, 295.
Josiah, 234.
W. A., 352.
Fulton, Robert, 402.
Galusha, Jonas, 320.
Gamble, Joseph, 40, 68, 248.
Lieutenant, 294, 299.
Mrs., 341.
Gardner, Jacob, 77.
Jotham, 77.
Garrett, Leroy M., 388.
Gates, General, 22, 86, 198, 260,
308, 354-
Geer, Mrs. Walter, 431.
George, the Third, 62.
Gibbons, Cardinal, 201.
Gibbs, 247.
Gilbert, Mrs. D. K., 10.
Gilchrist, Robert, 96.
Gilliland, Charity, 186.
Elizabeth, 129, 186, 297.
Emily T., 229—230.
James, 186.
Jane, 131, 133-4.
Jane W., 308.
Mrs. Jane, 93, 186.
WilHam, 7, 9, 11, 14, 19, 22,
24, 31, 33, 36, 40, 42, 49-50,
52-61, 63-72, 74-5, 77-9,
81—8, 90, 93—5, 98, 100, 107-8,
112— 116, 118, 123, 127, 130-1,
133—6, 149, 160—6, 168, 170-9,
185-7, 227-8, 230-3, 235-7,
240, 263, 273—4, 278, 280,
285-6, 289, 299, 306, 326-8,
331, 357, 395-6, 397, 407, 409,
410, 418, 427.
WilHam Jr., 145, 167, 248.
Gilliland's Colonists, 7, 36, 47, 50,
52, 60-1, 69-71, 77-9, 81-4, 87,
93, 107, 112, 118, 127, 130-1,
136, 143-4, 153, iSS, 165, 171-2,
176-8, 185-7, 205, 214, 224, 230,
290, 296-8, 304-5, 320, 324,
333-4, 338, 346, 350, 355, 365,
369, 375, 382-3, 385, 388, 391-2,
398, 400-1, 405, 425, 434-S-
Gilman, Benjamin, 136, 323.
Henry J., 420.
Rufus, A., 316.
Gilmore, P. S., 149.
Glasier, Colonel, 61.

Gleig, R. G., 179.
Glennie, Mr. 341.
Glover, General, 259.
Gold, Levi, 276.
Goodsell, Bishop, 390.
Goodspeed, Daniel, 359.
Gardner, 359.
Goodrich, Chauncey, 46.
Silas, 27, 325.
Gordon, Alexander, 25, 324, 354.
Benjamin, 325.
General, 168.
Ira, 325.
Lewis, 325, 361.
Seth, 325.
Thomas, 325.
Willard, 324-5.
Gosford, Lord, 178.
Gosselin, ) t „„;„ <;„  ^
GoSSELINk, [^"'^'69. 291-
Graham, Zepha Piatt, 179-180, 182-
3, 185.
Grant, Capt., 164.
Fred, 247.
Jesse, 247.
John M., 144.
John R., 420.
Lieutenant, 336.
President, 247-8, 295.
Graves, Benjamin, 63, 83, 94, 100.
Eleazer, 385.
Ezra, 398.
Jeremiah, 157, 182.
Mark, 366.
Nathan, 128.
Roswell, 128.
Samuel, 385.
Seth, 171.
Green, Anna, 118, 208.
Barlow, 378.
Caleb, 177.
Deborah, 328.
Henry, 177.
Israel, 26, 118, 231-3, 260, 393,
402.
James, 177.
John, 177.
Joseph I., 377, 385.
PlattJR., 118
Rodman, 177.
Thomas, 82, 269.
Greenleaf, James E., 149.
Green Mountain Boys, 131, 200,
223-4, 259, 342, 386, 430.

458

Index of Persons and Organizations

Green Mountain Chapter, D. A.
R., ii8, 316.
Grey Nuns, 415.
Grielle, (Marianne A., 166, 170,
Grellier, ) 425.
Griffin, E)elia A., 124, 180.
Jonathan, 65, 113, 123, 136,
180, 288, 421.
Margaret H., 288.
Griffith, Jonathan, 366, 383.
Seth, 103, 366.
Griswold, Bishop (P. E.), 358.
WUHam A., 38, 300.
Gross, Charlotte C, 409.
Emily P., 409.
Ezra C, 408-9.
JuHet, 409.
Thomas, 408.
Guibord, A., 349.
Gunn, C, 371.
Hackstaff, John L., n, 410.
Hadden, Lieutenant, 175-6, 178,
183-5, 188-190, 193-4, 250.
Hagar, James A., 371.
Jonathan, 428.
Sarah, C, 28, 189.
Haight, ODrnelius, 187.
Haile, John J., 106.
William P., 284, 295, 307, 316,
347, 365-
Haldiman, General, 108, 126.
Hale, Henry, 12.
Hall, Bishop, 210.
Elihu, 361.
Prances D. L., 76.
Francis B., 414.
Ira, 361.
John P., 124.
Monroe, 277, 409.
Nathaniel, 361.
Phebe, 409.
Halleck, Henry W., 330.
Hallock, Anna, 208, 389.
Peter, 208.
Halseys, 141.
Halsey, Caroline, 319,
Charles P., 380-1.
Cornelius, 49, 294.
Frederick, 18, 23, 31, 34, 43,
85, 114, 130, 147, 182, 246,
^ 319, 375, 379, 382.
Letitia M., 379.
WUHam P., 284-5.
Zopher, 317.

Halstead, Piatt R., 22, 63, 119, 121,
295-
Hamilton, Eliza, 186.
Hammond, Charles P., 154, 260,
Gideon, 63,
John, 122, 154, 260.
Hampton, Wade, 214, 238, 369, 398,
399-
Hancock, Major, 89.
Hand, Augustus C, 43.
Richard L., 405.
Handley, Nicholas, 325.
Hand's Cove Chapter, D. A, R,,
258.
Hard, Anson, 233.
Harney, Luke, 380.
Harper, Robert, 278, 306.
Harrington, WUHam C, 174.
Harrison, Caroline Scott, 352,
President, 352.
Hart, Mr., 398.
Hartwell, George W., 420.
W. W., 277, 428.
Hartwick, John B., 216.
Harwood, Benjamin, 19.
Peter, 19.
Hascall, Helen, 8.
Mary (Sterne), 8.
Ralph, 8.
Haskell, Asa, 143.
Daniel, 71, 104, in.
Hatch, Charles, 69, 379.
Charles B., 69.
Haughran, John, 417.
Haviland, Colonel, 176, 257, 267-
9, 287.
Hawkins, Colonel, 301.
Hay, Anna Maria, 248.
Mary, 35, 418.
William, 35, 61, 160, 177, 418.
Hayes, Ahaz, 190.
Minnie E., 308.
Reuben, 295.
Haynes, Maria, 384-5, 432.
" Sir George," 432.
Tom., 432.
Hazen, AbigaU, 93.
General Moses, 79, 250, 264,
291.
Hazlet, D. E., 273.
Hebencourt, 227.
Hedding, Bishop, 255.
Laura, 255.
WiUiam, 255.
Hegeman, Catherine, 318, 459,

Index of Persons and Organizations

459

Hendee, Mrs., 340.
Henderson, Ira., 63, 69.
Hendricks, 287.
Henry, George, 130-1, 227, 235-6.
John, 48.
Herrick, Capt. (H. M. N.), 162.
Doctor, 242, 310.
General, 86, 351.
J. R., 19-
Samuel, 128-9, 158, 354-
Hewitt, Henry G., 368.
Jeptha, 263, 368.
Nathan, 306.
Nathaniel, 68, 107, 202.
Rensselaer S., 426.
Heyde, Charles L., 306.
Heyers, Mr., 74.
Heyworths, 410.
Heyworth, George, 410.
" Hick," 257.
Hickok, Mrs. H. P., 60.
Hicks, George, 60, 66-7, 71, 74, 296,
333-4-
Harriet, 102.
Mrs. G., 67,
Samuel, 63, 107, 189, 232.
Higby, James S., 347.
Highlanders, 201, 221, 324.
Hill, Abiah, 214.
Caleb, 25s, 258, 360-1, 377.
Henry W., 212—213, 424.
Ira, 255, 258, 298-9.
Hill's Company, 361.
HiLLIKER, John, 340.
HiLLiARD, Minard, 361.
Hinman, Colonel, 188.
Hinton, Richard I, 273.
Hitchcock, D. C, 286.
Hoag, Daniel, 369, 383.
Elijah, 387.
F-, 371-
Joseph, 339, 387.
Lavinia C, 383.
~^ Mosher, 383.
Phebe, 387.
Seth, 383.
Hobart, Bishop, 280.
Daniel, 150, 355-
Nehemiah, 150.
Hocquart, GUes, 99, in, 326, 400.
Hodgkins, Margaret, 374.
Hogarty, J. W., 326.
Hogle, John, 340.
Holcomb, Amos, 361.
Carmi, 361.

Holcomb, Ephraim, 361.
Horace, 63.
Jesse, 361.
S. Wright, 347, 349.
Holden, Daniel, 138.
Holmes, John, 405.
Robert, 405.
Thomas, 405-6.
Holt, Jacob H., 311.
— 24.
Home Guards (of Plattsburgh), 345,
351-2-
Hommedieu, Ezra L, loi, 266.
Hooker, General, 167.
Martin, 415.
Phineas, 415.
Hopkins, John H., 165, 229, 356,
358-9, 387, 41S, 417, 433-4-
HosKiNS, Daniel, 88.
Houghton, William H., 409.
Howard, Daniel Dyer, 58.
Hannah (Earl), 58, 432.
John, 57, 58, 281-3, 432-
John Purple, 58.
O. O., 354.
Sion Earl, 58.
Howe, Harmon, 27.
John, 391.
Julia, 309.
Lord, 151, 204-8, 228, 321.
Martha, 391.
S. N., 347-
HoxiE, Gideon, 49.
Hubbard, Ezekiel, 116, 318, 398.
Hubbell, Julius C, 35, 72, 78, 102,
286, 368-9.
SUas, 78, 180, 286, 337.
Huff, William, 141.
Hughes, Bishop, 313.
General, 65.
Govemor, 60, 201, 203, 207,
209, 212, 254, 286.
Mary (BaUey), 65.
Hull, Damaris, 426.
Ruth, 356, 426.
HuLME, Wm. 50, 59.
Humane Society, 10, 216, 414,
Hunt, Harriet, 97, 357.
Hunter, Edward, 22.
Hunsden, John, 63.
Hunton, Mary, 51.
Hurd, Hester, 430.
Hurons, 225, 315.
Hussey, Ann, 125.
Hutchins, Hannah, 10 1.
John, 87.

460

Index of Persons and Organizations

Hutchins, Nathan, 346.
Sarah, loi.
Hyde, Apphia, 353.J
Azariah, 286.
Jedediah, 25, 369.
Indians, 14, 23, 38, 76, 80, 86, 93,
103, 163, 165, 178, 181, 184-5,
188-91, 196, 211, 216, 225—7,
230, 250, 254, 263, 264-6, 280,
287, 296, 301, 305, 318, 323,
327, 340, 345, 354-5, 37o, 39i.
400.
Ingraham, Amos, 144.
" Ireland," 9, 166, 186, 435.
Irish, William, 49.
Iroquois, 38, 80, 172, 211, 226,
23s, 376-
Isham, H. L., 349.
Izard, George, 36, 132, 263, 266,
274.
Jackson, A. H. W.
Andrew, 351.
Daniel Sr., 177, 279, 410.
Daniel Jr., 177, 278-9.
Samuel, 431.
" Stonewall," 167.
"Jane," 257.
Jefferson, President, 43, 402.
Jenner, Samuel, 96.
Jewett, EHzabeth, 162.
Horace L., 123.
Jewish Congregation, 96-7.
Jogues, Isaac, 163, 178, 315, 340,
342.
Johnson, Captain, 61.
Henry S., 148.
Moses, 88.
President, 81.
Samuel, W., 60.
Sir WiUiam, 9, 109, 255, 279,
287, 394.
Jones, Cornelia H., 305.
David, 233.
Gardner, 305.
Honorable W., 294.
Reuben, (Dr.), 26.
Reuben, 312.
William, 227, 235—6.
Jourdamais, Isaac, 418.
Jusserand, Ambassador, 204, 208,

Kalm, Peter, 196, 224.

Kane, Edward, 25, 316, 370, 421.
Kearney, General, 167.
Keese, Anna, 426.
John, 208, 308.
OHver, 409.
Richard, 208, 266, 389, 426.
Samuel, 87, 356, 361.
Sarah, 308.
Stephen, 356, 426.
William, 161, 356.
Kelley, WiUiam, 97.
Kelly, John, 266.
John Bailey, 201, 322, 376.
John E., 152.
Joseph, T., 376.
Kellogg, Benjamin, 252, 308, 404.
Charles W., 433.
D. S., 44, 245, 309.
Elias, 327.
Gertrude, 433.
Isaac, 308.
Martin, 371.
Orlando, 31, 405.
Peter C, 433-
Kent, Elisha, 434.
Hannah, 155, 219, 254, 332,
412.
James, 81, 89, 231, 245, 252,
254, 402.
Moss, 79, 155-6, 254 270.
Ketchum, Benjamin, 190, 374.
Joseph, 89, 100, 104, 124, 173,
189, 198, 364.
Phoebe, 85, 89, 104, 173, 198,
364-
Keyes, Sarah, 418.
Killam, Rachel, 303.
King, Abigail, 350.
David, 128.
John, 296, 333.
Kingsbury, Lieutenant, 145.
Kingsley, Abisha, 19.
John, 63.
Kinne, Sarah, 170, 416.
Kinney, Ezra, 369.
Kinsley, Ruth, 127.
Stephen, 71, loi.
Kirtland, Henrietta J., 99.
John, 372.
Marie D., 372.
Kline, Jacob, 104.
Klock, j., 349-
Knapp, Ezra, 361.
H. W., 209, 424.

Index of Persons and Organizations

461

Knight, Dame, 394.
John, St., 320, 394.
John (Capt.), 320.
Knott, Samuel, 315.
Knowles, Elizabeth, 350.
Knox, Henry, 394.
Kyle, Osceola, 390.
La Corne, St. Luc de, 14, 28.
Ladd, Henry, 337
Lafave, P., 349
LaFayette, General, 9, 49, 192, 243.
372, 402, 427.
La Force, Damien, 418.
LaFountain, Peter, 347.
La Prambois, John, 236, 250, 291,
360.
Lake Champlain Association, 60.
Lake Champlain Pulp and Paper
Co., 50, 234.
Lake Champlain Steamboat Co.,
72, 169.
Lalement, The Jesuit, 428.
Lamereau, Pauline, 256.
Landon, Rachel, 198, 328.
Lane, Derrick, 415.
Matthew, 415.
Langdon, J., 370.
Lansing, Abram W., 138, 139.
Hannah, 76.
Wendell, 138-9.
Lapham, Eliza, 426.
Joseph, 426.
Larabee, Alexander, 84.
Larrabee, John S., 395.
La Reine Regiment, 227, 395.
Larkin, Elam, 351.
Eleazer, J., 343.
John, 70.
Lorin, N., 70, 78, 157, 351.
La Rocque, j. H., 10.
Lasambert, Antoine, 231.
Latourneau, Joseph, 231.
Lavan, Antoine, 231.
Lawrence, 89, 93.
Jonathan, 41, 266, 434.
Putnam, 115.
WUHam, 242, 346.
Lawson, WUHam, 304.
Leaky, Captain, 274.
Lee, John A., 348.
Leeke, AbigaU, 358, 398.
David, 358.
Phoebe, 358.

Leflin, James, 358.
Rebecca, 358.
Le Jeune, Paul, 17, 428.
Lemieux, Postmaster-General, 209.
Leroy, Dupont, 207-8.
Pierre, 218.
L'Estage, M. de, 215, 400, 422.
Levy, Mrs. William, 10.
Lewis, Miner, 282.
Morgan, 96.
L'Hommedieu, Ezra, loi, 266.
Lincoln, President, 81, 109, 138.
Littlefield, Aaron, 357.
Livingston, A. C. H., 140, 405.
Gilbert, 231.
Helen, 193.
Henry, 193.
Isaac, 183, 323.
John, 119.
Judith, 182-3, 323-
Robert R., 370.
Robert W., 35, 140.
Lobiac, Sr., 32.
LoBDELL, Caleb, 401.
Darius, 265, 372, 396, 401.
Henry, 372.
Jared, 265.
John, 413.
Joshua, 401.
Logan, James, 38, 52, 78, 81, 83, 87.
LoMAx, Major, 52.
LoNEYS, 356.
Longueil, Chevalier, 76.
Loomis, Anna, 31.
Jarius, 162, 165.
Phineas, 62.
Loring, Captain, 259, 333, 336.
Lotbiniere, Chartier de, 99.
Louis XVI, 112, 272.
Louis XVII, 56.
Louis Phillip, 235.
Low, John, 379.
John Hatch, 379.
Seth, 203.
Wilson, 379.
Lowell, Samuel, 284.
Loyalists, 57, 68, 84, 232-3, 352.
Luckey, William, 39, 60, 66, 67, 144,
165, 172, 185, 334, 365, 385, 391,
395, 401.
Lusignan, M., 196, 224, 395.
Luther, Caleb, 64.
Luykasse, Gerrard, 211.
Lyman, General, 274, 287.
Lynde, Elizabeth, 395.

462

Index of Persons and Organizations

Lynde, Frances, 286.
John, 113, 116, 164, 173, 28s,
306, 409.
Johnathan, 172, 394, 395-
Lyon, Asa, 367.
Asahel, 121.
Dan, 78, 283.
General Nathaniel, 167.
Hattie, 248.
Nathaniel, 167, 248.
Mabie, HamUton W., 207.
MacDonough, Thomas, 22, 41, 98,
105, 153, 155, 157, 167, 191, 228,
238, 244-5, 258, 268, 288, 291-2,
294, 297, 301, 307, 309-11, 374,
411, 422, 436.
Macintosh, John .A.., 376.
Mack, Aaron B., 69.
MacLane, Robert (McLane q. v.)
Macomb, Alexander, 17.
Alexander, Jr., 12, 64, 90, 91,
106, 132, 151— 2, 239, 266, 288,
306, 309, 311.
Macomber, Grace P., 129.
Joseph T., 382.
Silas, 102.
Wesson, 369.
MacGlassin, Captain, 289, 290.
Magruder, General, 167.
Maissonneuve, 128, 141.
Malley, Miss, 268.
Malony, Richard j., 154.
Man, Albon, 26, 81, 115, 325.
Ebenezer, 81.
Susan M., 81.
Manly, Colonel, 295.
Mann, Isaac, 65.
Manning, WUHam, 349.
Manse, Mdlle., 141.
Mansfield, Amos, 49.
Marguerite, Saon'got (Eunice Wil
liams q. V.)
Marin, 217.
Markham, H. H., 381.
Marsh, Catherine K., 13, 130, 318.
Charles, 13, 68, 391.
George, 13, 68, 94, 113, 130,
285, 400, 408.
Julia A., 408.
Marshall, Paul, 302.
Martin, John, 87.
Marvin, John N., 431.
Mason, Aaron, 180, 374.
LUlis, 180, 374.

Matthews, Captain, 195.
Mattocks, John, 26.
Maria C., 37.
Mattoon, John, 130,
Maximin, Sr., 32.
Mayhew, (Jovemor, 32.
McAuley, John, 78-9, 81, 83, 130
205, 392.
Robert, 50, 52, 78-9, 81, 83, 107,
130, 185, 205, 333, 365, 382,
McCadden, Prank, 349.
John, 371^
McCaffrey, W. J., 10.
McClosky, Archbishop, 125.
McCracken, Mr., 71.
McCrea, Jane, 332-3.
McCreedy, Charles, 266.
J., 26.
McCuLLOGH, Hugh, 81.
McDermott, Michael, 384.
McElrea, John, 7, 178.
McFardin, Rachel, 186.
McGregor, Duncan, 139.
M'Intosh, Donald, 350.
McKay, Mr., 65.
McKeever, Bemard, 154, 277.
McKesson, John, 278.
McKinley, President, 236, 285, 298,
McKinney, Norris, 69.
McKowN, 307.
McLane, Robert, 130, 171, 333, 365,
401, 405.
McLaughlin, Arch'd, 144.
McLellan, Samuel, 120.
McMaster, D. P., 277.
McNeil, Charles, 347.
David B., 47, 128, 190, 252, 292,
29s, 397-
John, 188, 397.
McPherson, 291.
Mead, Smith, 8, 157.
Megaphy, Joseph, 423.
Megapolensis, Dominie, 315.
Meigs, 247.
Melson, George, 130.
Menomines, 217.
Merial, Father, 218, 422.
Merrill, Arthur, loi.
Methodist Church, 38, 54, 126, 145,
233, 251, 265, 272, 277, 303, 346,
384-5, 403, 424.
Michel, M., 99.
Military Exempts, 36, 197.
Miller, Abigail, 316.
Burnet, 155, 157, 219, '266, 407.

Index of Persons and Organizations

463

Miller, Dr. Matthias Burnet, 155.
E. C, 347.
Eleazer, 123, 147, 306, 319—320.
Eliza H., 7, 42, 142-3.
Fanny, 186.
George, 141.
John, 7, 25, 42, SI, 67, 74-s, 91,
107, 142, 155, 218, 239, 290,
306, 325.
John Jay, 316.
Levi P.
Lucretia, 156, 318.
Morris S., 199.
Nathan. Patience, 384.
Phebe, n.
PHny, 316.
Sylvanus S., 186.
Thomas, 21, 25, 70, 107, 156,
182, 295, 360, 407, 419.
Thomas, Jr., 315, 325.
Van Buren, 316.
Mills, Harriet M., 405.
John, 191.
Minkley, Barnabas, 398.
Mitchell, Margaret, 290.
Sally, 290.
WiUiam, 266.
Mix, Colonel, 299.
Mix, Mrs. James, 358.
Stephen, 318.
MoFFiT, Stephen, 114.
Mohawks, 37, 47, 80, 89, 93, 163,
165, 178, 209, 211, 215, 226, 233,
263, 279, 315, 318.
MoNASH, Solomon, 276, 433-
MoNCK, Lord, 414.
Monroe, Colonel, 241.
President, 231-4.
Montagnais, 17.
Montcalm, Marquis de, 209, 217,
230, 241, 267.
Montgomery, Richard, 10, 121, 210,
213, 257, 304, 342, 348, 362, 378,
397, 402, 436-
Montville, j., 349-
MoNTY, Francis, 231, 250, 291, 397-8,
Mooers, Benjamin, 8, 9, 13, 29, 31,
51, S3, 59, 66, 69, 78-9, 82,
85, 93-4, 96, 98, 107, no, 113,
114, 134, 149-S0, 152, 157,
200, 214, 223, 225, 231, 236,
238, 250, 253, 27s, 281, 288,
292, 309, 343, 360, 370, 396,
419, 420, 423.

Mooers, Benj. Hazen, 48, 51, 91,
103, 229, 423.
Benj. John, 9, 24, 25, 26, 27, 85,
91, IOI, 116, 134, 146, 155,
157, 182, 275, 307, 376, 435.
Charles S., 294, 423.
Hazen, 151.
John, 9, 85, 146.
John Henry, 307.
Moses Hazen, 59.
Richard S., 182.
WUHam Piatt, 9, 210.
Moore, Allen R., 104, 337, 375.
Amasa C, 29, 66, 106, 295.
Andrew, 316, 375.
Ann, 35, 102, 296.
Benjamin, 27, 325, 376.
Charles Halsey, 342.
Charlotte (Mooers), 29 66.
D. T., 286.
Edwin G., 347, 371, 417-
George, 316, 370, 374-5-
Hugh, 242.
John W., 150.
Lucretia M., 21.
Margaret, no.
Matilda, 102.
Noadiah, 31, 37, 104, 286.
P. D., 428. ;
Phoebe, 104, 198.
Pliny, n, 21, 29, 31, 35, 52, 67,
69, 96, 102, 107, 184, 261-2,
296.
Royal, 262.
Samuel, 65, 79, 123, 128, 136,
306, 375.
Sir Henry, 273, 278, 306, 366.
Sophia, 102, 296.
WilHam, 129.
Morell, George, loi.
Morgan, Jonas Sr., 120, 170, 322,
412, 413.
Jonas Jr , 322, 413.
William H., 322, 412-13.
Morrill, Giles, 371.
Morris, Bishop, 139.
Robert, 98.
Morrison, Elinus J., 347-8-
Morton, George, 60.
Richard, 385.
Samuel, 385.
Mosher, Warren E., 254.
Moss, A., 420.
Mott, Ebenezer, 64, 266.

464

Index of Persons and Organizations

Mott, Edward, 116, 118, 120, 170,
412, 436.
Margaret, 236.
Samuel, J., 242.
Sarah, 120, 170, 322, 412.
Valentine, 146, 236.
Muller, Casper Otto, 165.
Melusina, 356.
Munroe, John, 82.
Col., 167, 238-241, 252, 418.
Murray, Ellen, no.
General, 176, 248, 269, 285,
287, 321.
John R., no.
W. H. H., 14, IS, 77-
Myers, John H., 39, 372, 417.
Joseph, 349, 371.
J- K., 399.
Lawrence, 399.
Letitia (Halsey), 379.
Margaret P., 76, 270.
WiUiam, 371.
Myrick, Barnabas, 69.
Nadeau, Pred, 289.
Napoleon, 165.
Nathan Beman Society, C. A. R.,
86, 147, 157-
National Guards, 120, 201.
Neill, Rev. Mr., n.
Nelson, Bishop, 201.
Horace, 128.
Wolfred, 127, 368, 390, 391.
Nesbit, General, 176.
Newcomb, Cyrenius, 35, 95, 216,
259-
Kinner, 35, 42, 95, 107, 216,
259, 360.
Piatt, 42, 135, 263, 360, 411.
Ruth, 411.
Samuel, 411.
Simeon, 27, 35, 266.
Zaccheus, 34, 41, 179, 265.
Newton, Benj. Ball, n, 18, 25.
Daniel, 327.
Liberty, 128.
MarshaU, 128.
Nichols, Caleb, 107, 115, 225, 364,
370, 414.
Elric L., 420.
Geo. P., 394.
John, 157, 317, 394.
Julia Lynde, 394.
Levi, 306, 317.
Nathan, 177.

Nims, John, 327.
Niverville, Chevalier de, 38.
Noble, Ransom, 182.
Rosannah, 402.
Stephen, 402.
Norcross, Samuel, 423.
North, Abijah, 103.
Mrs. Clayton N., 213.
Lemuel, 103.
Northup, Nathaniel, 266.
Norton, Charlotte, M., 76.
Noyon, Jacques de, 332.
Jean Baptiste, 332.
Nutting, EHzabeth, 232.
Vespasian, 415.
Oaks, John, 320.
Ogden, WUHam M., 433.
Ogdensburgh, Bishop of (Wadhams
q.v.)
Oldest Clergyman, 403.
Olds, Horace, 63.
Oliver, Aaron, 385, 415.
James, 385.
John, 385.
Robert, 385.
Thomas, 385.
WilHam, 385.
Onderdonk, Bishop H. U., 358,
Oneidas, 80, 217, 272, 280.
Ord, E. O. C, 330.
Ormsby, Gideon, 174.
Orvis, Welthy H., 76.
Ostrander, Ida, 360.
Richard N., 420.
Otis, Margaret, 307, 357, 407.
Ouseley, Lady (Marcia Van Ness,)
417-
Owen, Leonard, 49.
Paine, Robert Treat, 370.
Painter, Gamaliel, 362.
Palmer, FrankHn, 50, no, 304, 343.
George W., 251, 294, 316.
Helen, 395.
John, 65, 113, 123, 174-S, 182,
239, 257, 285, 312, 353, 398.
Margaret (Smith), 76.
Marion (Stetson), 32, 76, 202-3,
280—1, 283.
Peter Sailly, 15, 175, 238, 266,
285, 307.
Uriah, 68, 83.
WUHam, 50.
Zephaniah, 53, 88.

Index of Persons and Organizations

46s

Papineau, Louis Joseph, 127, 390,
391-
Parkhurst, M. F., 349, 371.
Parker, Elvira S. (Warner), 213.
Francis, 25.
Mrs., 243-4.
Parkman, Francis, 225.
Pangborn, Joseph, 363.
Parrot, Adoniram, 157.
Parsons, Darius, A., 180,
David, 180, 358, 374.
David R., 180, 374.
Samuel Holden, 116, 117.
Partridge, EHphat, 407.
Patchen, J. H., 26, 263.
Patriotic Relief Association, 220.
Patten, James, 152.
Paulinte, Antoine, 291, 427.
Peabody, Oliver D., 30.
Richard, 298.
Peale, Emma, 426.
Rembrandt, 426.
Pearl, Stephen, 174, 366, 386-7,
Timothy, 369.
Pease, Calvin, 72, 304.
Peaslee, Zacheus, 174, 231, 250,
Peck, T. S., 424.
Theodora, 10.
Pell, Howland, 424.
Stephen, H. P., 267,
William, 289.
Peltrie, Mme., de la, 142.
Pennell, George C, 39.
Penniman, Jabez, 336.
Pepin, Andre, 291.
Perault, M., 362.
Peristrome Church, 414-
Perkins, Hannah, 379.
Lieutenant, 46.
Perley, William (Col.), 171.
Perriere, de La, 204.
Perry, Nathan, 358.
" Pete." 14.
Petit, Micajah, 96.
Pettit, Jabez, 216.
Pettingill, Amos, 80.
Peyser, A., 276.
Phagan, EHzabeth, 43-
Phelps, Benajah, Jr., 84.
Noah, 117-9.
Phillips, General, 17s, 190-
Wendell, 403, 405.
Phleming, David, 70.
Pierre, de la, 119.
Pierce, Colonel, 140.

Pierce, E. W,, 349.
John, 16.
Lewis W., 29.
Ransom M., 116.
Pike, Colonel, 66.
Ezra, 361.
William C, 417.
Pioneers, Dutch, 22, 355.
EngHsh, 75, 134.
French, 14, 82.
German, 18, 73, 340-41, 355-
Irish, 7, 14, 385.
Pitcher, Elizabeth, 129.
Plaisted, James, 215.
Platt, Charles, 22, 31-2, 37, 40, 67,
72, 85, go, 94, 98, 107, 133,
147, 155, 157, 173, 179. 183,
216, 266, 355, 372, 425, 434.
Charles T., 88, 159, 182, 288,
414.
Charles Z., 35, 147, 171.
Daniel, 112, 157.
Hannah, 114, 423.
Helen (Livingston), loi.
Isaac, C, 20-23, 25, 107, 145,
147, 223, 237-8, 246, 418.
John P., 59.
Jonas, 55, 56, IOI, 143, 193,
393. 399-
Julia (Sailly q.v.)
Letitia, 31, 147, 319.
Levi, 7, 42, 65, 91, 109, 123-4,
130, 143, 157, 182, 239,
420—21.
Margaret F., 76.
Margaret, 20, 147, 218.
Moss K., 8, 35, 58, 63, 79, 156,
247, 253, 277, 368, 404.
Nathaniel, 41, 46, 75, 78, 81,
90, 104, 106, 114, 133, 139,
157, 179, 266, 373, 423, 427,
434-
Nathaniel Z., 147, 417-8.
Phebe, 78, 104, 318.
Richard, 210.
Robert, 38, 54, 56, 140, 161, 198.
Samuel Keyes, 418,
Theodorus, 83, 170, 182, 408,
421,
William Mooers, 120, 147.
WiUiam Pitt, 9, 68, 81, 94, loi,
107, 112, 116, 119, 198, 219,
253-4, 318, 332.
Zephaniah Sr., 152.

466

Index of Persons and Organizations

Platt, Zephaniah (Judge), 14, 32, 35,
37, 41, 61, 75, 79, 82-3, 95,
109, 112, 117, 119, 133, 140,
152, 157, 179, 193, 195, 231,
245, 252, 254, 266, 297, 372,
417, 427, 434.
Zephaniah C, 21, 97, 100, 156,
237-8, 428.
Plattsburgh Academy, 12, 19, 113,
129, 136, 164, 277, 281, 307,
317, 323-
Plattsburgh Institute, 44.
Plattsburgh & Montreal R.R.,
106.
Plattsburgh Normal School, 46,
187.
Plattsburgh Rifles, 231.
Plessis, Joseph Octave, 401—2.
Pomeroy, Abner, no, 318.
John, 53.
Pond, George E., 44.
Pope, Martin, 298.
W., 371.
Porter, General, 236, 247.
Potter, Andrew, 247.
Blanche, 431.
Martha, 431.
Powell, Horatio, 26.
PheHx, 348.
Powers, General, 284.
Pratt, Rhoda, 43, 271.
Premier, Captain, 305.
Prentis, Jonathan, 401.
Presbyterian Church, 9, n, 24,
26, 29, 31, 34, 36, 51, 61-3, 68,
81, 107, 113, 116, 137, 140, 145,
148, 150, 185-6, 199, 201-2,
210, 225, 233, 241, 244, 253,
264, 283, 286, 318, 321, 322,
3S3, 373, 376, 391, 399, 415,
429.
Prescott, Alexander H., 241-2,
262-3.
General, 362, 378.
Preston, Willard, 15.
Prevost, Augustine, 12, 125.
Sir George, 12, 125, 144, 275-6,
280, 284, 289, 404.
Price, Benjamin, 119.
Mr., 71, 137.
Prindle, Lucy (Bostwick,) 146.
Pring, Daniel, 130-132, 135, 139,
291, 298-9.
Pringle, Thomas, 331, 334.
Proctor, Redfield, 285.

Prouty, Govemor,207, 210, 212-213,
Purdy, Azzel, 263.
Putnam, Israel, 144, 195, 204, 217,
Rufus, 195-6.
Racy, James, 361.
Rafferty, Father, 84.
Raimbault, Pierre, 117.
Ramsey, B. S.,io,
Lieutenant, 326.
Rand, Ephraim, 423.
Randall, Lydia, 150.
Randell, Hannah, 11.
John, II.
Rangers, 42, 61, 163, 204, 288, 351,
370, 386.
Ransom, P. A., 420.
George, B., 122.
Hannah, 265.
Harry Sawyer, 122, 127.
John, 43, 94-5, 154, 265, 271,
373-
John Louis (Lewis), 124, 136,
265, 271, 310.
Lodema, 43, 265.
Luther, 27.
Roswell, 67, 127,
Russel, 265.
Ray, WUHam, 408.
Raymond, Benjamin, 329.
Henry J., 12.
Reed, General, 47.
Prof., 145.
W. E., 371,
Reid, 252.
Major, 332.
Rees, Captain, 52.
Reeves, Simon R., 41, 265, 434.
Refugees, 69, 74, 290-1, 352.
Regents of the University, 69.
Reid, Col., 306.
Whitelaw, 273.
Riedesel, Baroness, 191, 197.
General, 175, 178, 190, 249.
Remington, Frederick, 434,
Reynold, George, 70.
Reynolds, George B., 63, 69.
Grinday, 369.
Lucius, 98.
Rice, Mark, 113.
Mr., 71, 273.
Seth, 116.
Ricketts, 167.
Rigaud, Philip (Vaudreuil q, v.)
151-

Index of Persons and Organizations

467

Riley, J. B., 197, 268, 286, 424.
Rising, Asahel, 379.
EHza, 379.
RiSH worth, Mary, 215.
Roberts, Benjamin, 8.
Betsey, 428.
Christopher, 8.
Eleanor, 301.
Hannah, 8, 428.
John, Sr., 8, 198.
John, Jr., 8, 310, 321, 428.
John, 3d, 85.
Peter, 8, 32, 157, 266.
WUHam, 8.
Robertson, Daniel, 119.
General, 238, 284.
Robinson, Aaron, 19.
Benjamin, 312.
Catherine, 87.
Daniel, 312, 422.
David, 19.
Eleazer Williams, 291.
General (Robertson q. v.)
John, 312.
Lewis S., 291, 338.
Moses, ig.
Rowland E., 137, 339.
Rock, Anthony, 306.
Rogers, James (aPriend,) 235.
James, 428.
John de, 195.
Mary, 149.
MeUcent, 381.
Platt, 22, 40, 41, 179, 183, 199,
218-220, 225, 266, 317, 434-
Robert, 36, 61, 66, 76-7, 144,
163-4, 166, 170, 187, 197, 199,
204, 207, 209, 217, 303, 321,
322, 342-3, 345, 397-
T. S., 371.
Zephaniah, 398.
Roi, Jacques, 391.
RoLLO, Lord, 269.
Romans, 117, 119.
Roosevelt, Theodore, 285.
Root, Elijah, 13, 122.
Senator, 209.
Rose, Samuel, 396.
Ross, Daniel, 129.
Henry H., 129, 347-
Theodorus, 96.
Rottenburgh, General de, 284.
Rouse, John, 259, 338.
Royal Scots (sth), 201, 208, 324.
Royce, Mrs. Nancy, 223.

Rudd, Jacob, 346.
Rugar, Gideon, 98, 109, 125, 157,
317-
RuNK, George W., 306.
Russell, Lord John, 127.
Samuel, 418.
Rykard, Abram, 341.
Joseph, 341.
St. Albans Steamboat Co., 35, 366.
St. Clair, Arthur, 47, 202.
St. Denis, John, 79.
St. Francis Indians, 321, 397.
St. Martin, Alexis, 216, 328.
St. Michell, Lewis, 418.
St. Pierre, M. de, 14.
Safford, Charlotte, 234.
Hiram, 234, 281, 424.
Samuel, 19.
Sage, Thankful, 312, 422,
Sailly, Bernadine, 82.
Charles, 82.
Charlotte, 167.
Frederick, L. C, 87, 113, 167,
284, 418, 425.
Julia, 18, 82, 252.
Peter, 18, 33, 43, 56, 63, 76, 82,
98, 107, 112, 145, 147, 167,
170, 173-5, 182, 239, 272, 310,
312, 379, 398, 419-
Samson, Daniel, 369.
Sampson, Lester, 104.
Sanborn, Frank B., 349, 403.
Pred E., 371.
Henry C, 349, 37i-
John H., 370, 420.
Reuben, Jr., 122.
Sanders, James, 14-
Margaret, 14.
President, 397.
Sanford, Reuben, 82, 144-5.
Saranac Chapter, D. A. R., 39, 48,
56, 120, 157, 171, 177, 200-1,
217, 220, 230, 241, 270, 295-6,
300, 341-2, 351, 417.
Saunders, George, 28.
President (U. V. M.), 397.
Savage, Anne, 163.
David, 67.
James, 134, 163, 297, 417.
Joel, 286.
Margaret O., 297,
Rhoda, 416-7.
Sawyer, Ephraim, 55.

468

Index of Persons and Organizations

Sawyer, H. B., 48, 55, 138, 153, 162,
165, 409.
James, 55.
Saxe, (Sachs), Edward, 99.
Godfrey, 162.
Hannah, 81.
Jacob, 99, 228.
John, 17, 31, 73, 81, 99, 341, 355
384-
John G., 17, 21, 73, 91-2, 106,
148, 162, 166, 365, 366.
Matthew, 76, gg, 240, 242.
Peter, gg, 162.
William, 31.
Saxton, Mr., 266.
Frederick, 366.
Say, Lord, 33.
Sayward, Esther, 400.
Schelinger, Phebe, 268.
ScHENCK, John, ig7.
Schuyler, Abram, 8g, 93.
Abraham, 211, 269.
David, 259.
John, 254, 263-5, 267, 269, 277.
Peter, 211, 215, 220, 230, 232-3,
249-
PhUip, 96, 266, 278, 280, 301,
306, 402.
Scott, Alexander, 104, 272, 424.
Ebenezer A., 272.
George, 424.
Henry, 361.
John, 361.
Lieutenant, 77, 226.
Polly, 33.
Winfield, 167.
ScoviLLB, Hannah (Saxe), 81.
Josiah B., 81.
Scribner, Jonathan, 116.
Ruth, 135.
Secor, Angeleek, 372.
Secret Corps of Observation, 198,
266, 375.
Secretary op the Navy, 294,
Secretary op War, 263, 266.
Senezergues, de, 209.
Sexton, Jonathan, 216.
Seymour, Edmund, 36g.
Julius, 60.
Sir Michael, 4g.
Shaler, Lucy, 411.
Nathaniel, 411.
Sharron, Mayor, 341.
Shavers, George, 83-4.
Shaw, Leander, 84.

Shea, James, 424.
Shelburne, Lord, 402.
Sheldon, Arunah, 346.
Ensign, 401.
Mary, 346,
Naomi, 346.
Shelters, John, 341.
Shepherd, Catherine, 131.
Sheridan, General, 247.
Sherman, Benjamin, 161, 431-2.
George, 348.
Enoch, 361.
George R., 348.
H. H., 349-
Jehaziel, 281, 353.
Job, 431-2-
Lieutenant, 140.
PhUip, 58.
PHny, 431.
Martha, 432.
Nathan, 348.
Richard W., 281, 283.
Vice-President, 304.
William T., 330.
Sherrill, Polly (MiUer);5ioi.
Sherry, Captain Seth, 268, 360.
Sherwood, Captain J., ig5, 249.
Shields, Thomas, 371.
Shipbog, Thomas, 65.
Sibley, Joseph, 203.
Signor, Betsey, 265.
Hannah, 265.
John, 265.
"Silver Greys," 42, 134, 257, 436.
Sinclair, John, 326.
Skeele, 353.
Skene, Major, 105, 129.
Skinner, Anne, 148.
Joseph, 225, 295.
Richard, 361.
St. John B. L., 106, 115, 225,
284, 29s, 406, 415.
Slaves, 7, 9, 14, 20, 22, 115, 166, 167,
257,332,354,385,432,435.
Slosson, Eleazer, 108.
Lucy, 108.
William, 108.
Sons of the American Revolu
tion, Society of, 157, 258.
Sons op Liberty, 368.
Soper, Amos, 152.
Daniel,Moses, 98, 216.
Sampson, 115.
Sorel, de, 80.

Index of Persons and Organizations

469

Sowles M., 347
Mrs. Merrit, 342.
WiUiam, (Soule). 84.
Smith, Aaron, 385.
Allen, 122, 157, 220-1, 375.
Achsa, 381-2.
Amaziah, 361.
Benjamin, 266, 357.
Dorothea, 213, 377.
Edward C., 213.
Elizabeth, 91, 143, 155,
Ephraim, 64.
George, 295.
Isaac, 155, 218, 250, 375.
Israel, 41, 124, 265, 434.
Jean (WeUs), 319.
J. Gregory, 377.
John, 77, 266.
J. O., 115.
Levi, 366.
Loyal L., 417, 427.
Margaret, 142, 155.
Marshall, 88-9, 135, 404.
Nathan, 135, 404.
Nehemiah, 77, 144, 350, 355.
Melancton, Sr., 41, 119, 157, 182,
186, 231, 236, 266, 317, 434.
Melancton, Jr., 75, 90, 107, 118,
119, 136, 233, 236, 259-61,
305, 317, 400.
Samuel, 265.
Sidney, 44, 48, 143, 157, 161-2,
199, 232, 236, 285.
Smugglers, 56. 242,
Solace, Judge, 365.
Sophia, 365-6.
Spalding, Holcomb, 404.
Joseph, 355.
Nathan, 28.
Spaulding, James R., 12.
Timothy, 363.
Spear, Amos C, 58.
Caroline,
Spencer, Ambrose, 425.
Sperry, GUead, 68, 115, 123-4, 130,
231, 234, 394, 408.
Spring, Mrs. Rebecca, 273.
Springer, Lieutenant, 295.
Sproul, Captain, 281.
Squire, Odle, 363.
Staats, Anna Maria, 145, 248,
Cornelius, 248.
Stafford, Celesta, 432.
Wendall P., 212.
Standish, Henriette, 277,

Standish, Matthew M., ii, 157, 277,
281, 374.
Stanley Hannah, 325.
Stansbury, Lieutenant, 294, 298-9.
General T. E., 298.
Stark, John, 10, 47, 77, 108, 204,
337, 346, 430.
Susannah, 108.
Stearns, Asineth, loi.
Calvin, 338.
John, 337-8.
Mary, 338.
Peter, 10 1.
Stebbins, Abigail, 332.
Benoni, 319.
Thankful, 357.
Steele, Zadock, 341.
Stephens, 119.
Stephenson, John, 85, 94.
Lieutenant, 141.
Peter, 200.
Stetson, Francis Lynde, 8, 60, 197.
Helen E., 343.
John L., 303-4.
John S., 116, 313, 343.
Lemuel, 72-3, 134.
Marion E., 32, 313, 343.
Reuben, 72.
Robert, 286.
Steuben, Baron, 339.
Stevens, A. D., 273.
George T., 405.
Mr., 167.
Samuel, 409.
Stevenson, Samuel.
W. H., 140.
Stiles, Asa Sr., 255.
Asa Jr., 255.
Stocker, ) y — .
Stockner, [James, 130, 324.
Stockwell, Quentin, 305.
Stoddard, Chauncey, 10 1, 149.
John, 23, 24, 227, 371.
Pauline C., 341.
Solomon, 23.
Stone, D. C, 25.
Dennis, 140.
Major, 420.
Roby G., 242-3, 294, 370.
Storm, Thomas, 266.
Storrs, Colonel, 278.
Story, Amos, 363.
Ann, 363.
Stoughton, John, 16.

470

Index of Persons and Organizations

Stoughton, Ruth, i6.
WilHam, 173.
Stowe, Jeremiah, 240.
Stranahan, Mrs. P. Stewart, 213.
Stratton, Esther S., 318, 431.
Joel, 431.
John, 318, 431.
Strong, General, 281.
John, 252, 361, 372.
Luther, 361.
Nathan, 361.
Suffolk South Association, 69.
Sullivan, General, ig8.
SUMERICKS, Joseph, 361.
Sumner, General, 304.
Sunderlin, Byron, 316, 380, 406,
420, 430.
Swartout, Jacobus, 266.
Samuel, 266.
Sweeney, Captain, 152.
Swetland, William, 8, 67, 99, 113,
148, igo, 306, 310, 317, 347.
Sylvester, Mrs., 234.
Tabor, Sarah M., 44.
Taft, President, 204, 207-10.
Tankard, Martin, 115.
Tappan, Peter, 41, 105, 124, 434.
Taylor, Absalom, 49.
Doctor, 26.
Govemor, ig8-g.
John S. D., 12, 263.
Joseph W., 13.
Lieut. -Govemor, 42 g.
Martin, 84, 153, 166, 172, 296,
334, 365-
Peter, 266.
Othniel, 398.
W. C, 376.
Teft, O. A., 277.
Ten Eyck, Sheriff, 233-4.
Thatcher, Capt., 324.
Thayer, Gilbert, 38g, 3go.
Thibault, G., 385.
Thomas, General, 121.
John M, 212-3.
Harry, 283.
Thompson, Barnabas, 148.
D. P., 90, 228.
James, 7, 61, 273, 400.
Jonathan, 256.
Robert M., 207.
Zadock, 148.
Thorndike, Dr., 26.

Thorne, Joseph, 308.
WUliam, 290.
Thornton, Captain, 132, 137.
Thorp, Josiah, 245.
Thurber, Edward, 146.
EmUy, 244.
Ezra, 107, 146-7, 244, 337,
381-2, 433.
Ticonderoga Hist. Society, 151,
229.
Titus, Benjamin, 266.
Elizabeth (Jackson), 208.
Tobias, James, 369, 383.
Todd, Mr., 65.
Tom, Nathaniel, 266.
Tompkins, (Jovemor, 191, 408.
Tories, 19, 228, 411.
Tormey, P. J., 349.
^o^n'e, [AbigaU. 320.
J- H., 371.
Orrel, 371.
Townsend, Canon, 321.
Lord Viscount, 97.
Townshend, Colonel, 228.
Tracy, General de, 80, 271, 315, 320,
Trafton, Charles, 357.
Travesey, de, 80.
Travis, Melancton W., 152, 289.
Treadway, Jonathan, 26.
Lieutenant, 140.
WUliam, 26.
Treadwell, Ann, 20, 223.
Nathaniel H., 20, 21, 147, 398.
Thomas Sr., 20, 34, 41, 157,
231, 240, 257, 266, 418, 431,
434-5-
Thomas Jr., 34, 107, 116.
Treadwell's Mills Pulp & Paper
Co., 132.
Trombly, Bruno, 255-6.
John B., 256.
Trowbridge, James, 68, 114, 151,
Truman, Almas, 283.
Trumbull, John, 393, 402.
Tryon, Governor, 122, 394.
Turner, Byron Pond, 336.
Ezra, 96.
David, 336.
Jasper C, 336.
Ross Sterling, 336.
Tuttle, Joseph W., 46, 138.
Lucy, 405-6.
Samuel, 46, 406.
Thaddeus, 193.

Index of Persons and Organizations

471

Twiss, Captain, 68.
Tyler, Joseph, i2g.
Van Buren, John, 307.
Martin, 33, 266, 296.
Van Ness, ComeHa (Mrs. Roosevelt),
417-
Comelius P., 33, 116, 192, 373,
Peter, 33.
WUHam P., 33.
Van Rensselaer, J. Ruten, 70,
Van Wyke, Altie, 223.
Mary, 83, 109.
Varick, Richard, 193.
Vaudreuil, De, 24, 76, 216, 222,
329-
Vaughn, Benjamin Sr., 397.
Benjamin Jr., 397.
Rapel, 325.
Vedder, Herman, 211.
Vermont Colonial Dames, 213.
Vermont Episcopal Institute,
149, 417-
Vermont Pish and Gun League,
285, 304.
Vermont National Guards, 213.
Vermont Militia, 44, 216, 361, 406,
Vermont Volunteers, 287-8, 297.
Vert, Mrs. C. J., 86.
Victoria, Queen, 62.
Vilas, Freeman M., 347.
Samuel P., 16, 85, 97, 145, 194,
Samuel P. Home, 74, 97, 357.
Vimont, Father, 142.
Vinson, Major, 278.
Vergennes, Count de, 402.
Wadhams, Edgar P., 125, 146, 154,
403.
Luman, 47, in, 146, 409.
Wadsworth, Miss, 49.
Wagner, Peter, 341.
Wait, J^, . .
WAirk, [Benjamm.
Carlos (Gen.), 145, 294, 418.
Cyrus, 361.
(Sardner, 361.
John, 245-6.
Joseph, 266.
Solomon, 361.
WiUiam, 361.
Walden, J., 247.
Walker, Benjamin, 266.
Walsh, Dr., 268.
Walters, Abraham, 306.

Walworth, Benjamin, 353.
Hiram Sr., 38, 151-2, 157, 180.
Hiram Jr., 44, 371, 428.
Mary E., 124.
Reuben H., 24, 53, 65, 123, 159
164, 174, 195-6, 231, 310,
Warburton, 242, 330.
Ward, — , 135, 404.
Warford, John, 310, 402.
Warm, Jacob D', 86, 93, 269.
Warner, Captain, 309.
Seth, 32, 82, 86, 131-2, 213,
264, 301, 337, 342, 386, 394,
430.
Warren, Grizel, 308, 357.
Mrs. A. M., 56.
Washington, 56, 83, 131, 158, 164,
266, 295, 339, 37g, 3g4, 402, 426,
Waterbury, General, 324, 331-2.
Waterhouse, Henry, 26, 182, 325.
Watkins, Mrs. S. B., 197.
Watson, Elkanah, 9, 30, 96, 262,
402-3, 425.
George W., 371.
John, 49, 63, 65, 70, 79, 118,
166, 172, 273, 324, 385.
Winslow C, 28, 40, 185, 244,
318, 425-6.
Weaver, Catherine, 17, 76, 384.
EHzabeth, 384.
Peter, 263.
Thomas, 263.
WiUiam R., 424.
Webb, Darick, 95, 188, 216.
George H., 371.
George N., 420.
Henry L., 254.
Leah, 220-22 1.
Mrs. P. H., 335.
Seward, 285.
Webster, Charles R., 96.
George W., 406.
Weed, Caroline (Standish), n.
Mrs. George S., 10.
Smith M., II, 109, 187, 208, 210,
234, 277.
Weeks, William R., n, 202, 225.
Weir, Alexander, 325.
Welch, Catherine, 144.
Wellington, Colonel, 194, 282-4.
Duke of, 49, 280, 282.
Wells, Deacon, 171.
John, 384.

472

Index of Persons and Organizations

Wells, Louisa, loi,
Nathan, 286.
Wentworth, Benning, 10, 336, 348.
Weston, Elijah, 263.
Wever, Francis C. (Bentley), 59.
Wharton, Captain, 308.
Wheeler, Orville G., 309, 311, 315,
355, 365, 367-8.
Melancton, 292.
Peter, 311.
Preserved, 310—311.
Wheelwright, Esther, 229, 319,
321, 3SS-6, 416.
Whelpley, Samuel W., 71.
White, Bishop, 358, 415.
Ebenezer, 77.
Elijah, 374-5-
Lavater, 283.
Mary, 374.
Robert, 283.
WUliam, 361.
William H., 361.
Whiteside, Thomas, 102, 296-7.
Whitman, Ann, 148.
John, 148.
Whitney, David, 132.
John, 24.
Wilcox, Daniel, 232, 303,
James, 129.
Wilkins, Mr. 326.
Wilkinson, James, 15, 18, 89, 91.
Willard, Emma, 419.
Williams, Andrew, 109, 194, 277.
Betsey, 144, 418.
Bishop, 125.
Eleazer, 56, 198, 214, 217, 225,
249, 265-6, 272, 280-2, 288,
301, 326-7, 358, 364, 375, 396,
398, 401, 408, 419-20, 429.
Ephraim, 287.
Eunice, 23, 195, 211, 214, 227,
249, 269, 271-2, 358, 393.
Experience, 358.
Flavius, 152, 289.
Isaac, 369.
Jacob, 16.
ohn (Rev.), 23, 214, 371,
John (of Caughnawaga), 290,
420.
Nathan, 199,
Roger, 58.
Sarah P., 76.
Samuel, 214, 422.
Samuel (Judge), 358.
Stephen, 271.

Williams, Thomas, 249-50, 408, 420.
Warham, 358.
WiUiam, 25.
Zebediah, 327.
Wilmot, Francis, 291.
Willsboro Compact, 77.
Wilson, George, 334.
James A., 77.
Mrs., 283.
V. B., 224.
Wiltse, Eyda, 22.
Winans, James, 169.
John, 22, 132, 135, 168-9, 373-
WiNCHELL, Destina, 406.
Jonathan, 157.
Lucy Destina, 406.
Martin, 406.
Samuel, 406.
Winthrop, Thomas P., 255.
Winslow, E. S., 194.
Winsor, 226, 428.
Wise, Stephen, 64.
Witherbee, SUas, H., 348-9.
W. C, 187, 203-4, 424.
Witherill, H. M., 371.
Witherspoon, Andrew, 139, 276, 295.
Wolfe, General, 176, 350.
Wood, Adin, 394.
Amasa, 346.
Collier, 323.
Enos, 346, 354, 394.
H. A., 347.
Ira, 151.
James, 24.
onathan, 171.
Ranson E., 409.
Simeon, 399.
Solomon, 346.
Woodbridge, E. D., 373.
Enoch, 72.
Woodruff, Elias, 107, 358, 398.
Silas, 398.
H. A., 347, 371.
Woodward, Helen D., 309.
J. Douglas, 145, 164.
WiUiam, 164.
Wool, John E., 167, 194, 283, 294-5,
375-
WooLCUT, Elijah, 188.
Samuel, 327.
Woolsey, Melancton L., 13, 68, 94,
107, 171, 197, 266, 306, 373, 420.
Wooster, Benjamin, 80.
David, 118, 122, 326, 348,
Worth, General, 167.

Index of Persons and Organizations

473

Wright, Daniel, 47, 202.
Dan S., 63.
Harriet A., 317.
Wykes, William, 77.
Wynkoop, Jacobus, 260.
Yale, Lois, 152.
Y. M. C. A., 21, 42, 97.
Yates, 231.
Christopher, 234.

Yates, Robert, 234.
Young, Bennet H., 344, 377.
Colonel, 316.
James, 125, 127.
John, 125, 127.
Joshua, 273.
Samuel, 375.
Thomas, 105.
Youngs, Captain White, 300.

INDEX OF PLACES AND EVENTS.

Abraham, Plains of, 209.
Adams Perry, in, 403,
Addison, 29, 57, 86, 93, 99, in,
117, 132, 13s, 198, 248, 252,
279, 310, 326-7, 336, 337, 339,
404.
Adirondacks, 220, 244, 258, 273,
279, 352, 429-
Adriance, Va., 97.
Albany (Port Orange), 9, 11, 22,
44, 64, 72, 82, 86, 91, 103, 109,
116, 118-9, 123, 125, 131, 135-6,
147-8, 154, 169. 173. 178, 191.
212, 214-5, 234, 238, 243, 249,
252, 254, 256, 260, 269, 271,
279, 287, 306, 316, 326, 370,
372, 409, 424-5, 427, 429, 431-
Alburgh, 57, 84, 139, 242, 272,
360-1.
Tongue.
Alexandria, Va., 336.
Allen's Hill, 388.
Allen's Point, 45.
Altona, 83, 399.
Alsace, 167, 170.
America, 44, 56-7, 73, 82, 95, 104,
165, 277.
American House (St. Albans), 343.
Amherst College, 245.
Amsterdam, 73.
Classis of, 315.
Anthony (Mt.), 10.
Antietam, 303.
Antrim (Ireland), 129.
Appletree Point, 281, 348.
"Ark, The," 123.
Arlington, Va., 388.
Vt., 13, 82, 108, 249.
Armagh, freland, 7.
Armenia (Dutchess co.), 250.
Arnold's Bay, 114.
Arnold's Point, Frontispiece.
Arsenal, 78, 84, 121, 190, 238, 350.
Asburnham (Mass.), 150, 355.
Ash Island, 162, 169.
Astor House, 84.
Astronomer's Island, 306,

Atchison, Kan, 363.
Athol, Mass., 382, 385.
Ausable, 89, 98, 138, 190, 388.
Chasm, 172, 326.
Porks, 88, 140, 244, 409, 428.
Great (River), 58, 84, 133, 138,
244, 327, 356.
Little (Beaver), 328.
Point, 57, 183.
Bachelor's Creek, 107.
Ballston, N. Y., 277.
Baltimore, Md., 165, 356,
Barber's Point, 403.
Barnard, Vt., 20.
Basin Harbor, 22, 40.
Batten Kill, 249.
Bay De Roche Fendue (Split
Rock, q.v.).
Bay St. Armand, 21, 305, 308,
Bear Hunts, 325, 327.
Becket, Mass., 350.
Beekmantown, N. Y., 19, 33, 55,
71, 85, 116, 128, 173, 180, 252,
268, 274, 282-3, 291, 295, 302,
351. 358, 360, 388, 391, 415, 417.
Belmont, N. Y., 251.
Bemis Heights (Saratoga), 44, 259.
Bennington, Vt., 8, 10, 17, 19, 31,
32, 50, 86, 118, 132, 158, 181,
188, 210, 228, 234, 249, 251,
257, 261-2, 300, 324, 337, 339,
346, 396, 421, 430.
Berkshire Co., Mass., 78.
Bermuda, 127, 177.
Berthier, 215, 262-3, 271, 400.
Besancon, France, 152.
Betsburgh, (Westport), 205.
Beverly, Mass., 325.
Bixby's Grotto, 172.
Black Brook, N. Y., 89, 112.
Black Hawk War, 74.
Black River, N. Y., 120, 413.
Vt., 346.
Blanchard's Point, 291.
Block Houses, 65, 68, 195, 238-9,
246, 278, 373.

476

Index of Places and Events

Bluff Point, N. Y., 192, 203-4.
Bolenabe, 250.
Bolton, Vt., 243.
Boston, Mass., 49, 62, 68, 125, 132,
149, 192-3, 214, 239, 285, 307,
336, 359, 371, 377, 401.
Boucherville, 262, 232.
Boundary Line (Canada), 161, 178,
185, 252, 292.
(N. Y. & Ct.), 318.
Bouquet ) River, N. Y., 19, 39,
Boquet j 61, 94, 130, 135, 170-
I, 176, 182, 184, 305, 326.
Boxford, Mass., 171
Bozrah, Ct., 353.
Brainard's Forge, 413.
Branding Iron, 300.
Brandon, Vt., 55.
Brattleboro, Vt., 377.
Bridge Street, 46, 50, 53, 82, 85,
264, 319, 322, 399-
Bridgewater, vt., 148.
Bridport, Vt., 88, 132, 135, 327,
329, 365, 404-
Brighton Beach, 340.
Broad Street, 7, 22, 29, 75, 78, 84,
121, 133, 173, 180, 238-9, 243,
355, 365, 402, 416.
Brookfield, Mass., 385, 407.
(Willsboro), N. Y., 379.
Brookline, Mass., 16.
Brooklyn, N. Y., 18, 25, 272-3,
432-3-
Brouage, France, 195.
Brownington, Vt., 60.
Buffalo, N. Y., 213, 263, 377, 424.
Bulwagga Bay, 29.
Bunker Hill, 37, 47, 144, 192, 387.
Burlington, Vt., 9-10, 12, 16, 21,
28-9, 31, 35, 40, 42, 46-7, 49,
53, 55, 57-8, 60, 62, 71, 78, 83,
91, 95, 97, 103, iio-i, 113,
116-8, 123-S, 132, 137, 147,
153, 157, 163, 165, 168-9, 174-6,
189-90, 192-3, 200, 206, 210,
212, 219-22, 234, 237-9, 242,
244-5, 248, 252, 259, 261, 273,
281—3, 285—6, 301, 304, 306,
308-9, 316, 328, 336, 344, 348,
359, 366, 373, 386-7, 398, 401,
410—12, 432.
Burton, 50.
Button Bay, 279.
Button Mould Bay, 286.

Caddy, Ireland, 7.
Cadyville, N. Y., 87, 115, 421.
Caldwell, Lake George, 189.
California, 127, 330, 381, 424.
Cambridge, Mass., 232, 394.
Washington Co,, 388.
Camp (Encamping) Island, 52, 71,
95, 172.
Canaan, Ct., 308, 391.
Canada, 45, 49, 62, 74, 78, 84, 88,
100, 121, 133, 13s, 154, 161,
164, 202, 207—8, 222, 230,
238, 241, 250, 259, 264, 267,
277, 290, 305, 319, 321, 327,
360, 370, 387, 390-2, 432.
Lower, 21, 32, 43, 57, 114.
Canadian Expedition, 32, 90-1,
121— 2, 301.
Canals, 30, 87, 246, 367, 387.
Canton, N. Y., 434.
Cape Breton, 376.
Cape Horn, 330.
Carillon (Ticonderoga), 197, 222,
229, 235, 240—1, 296, 299.
Carnegie Library, 262.
Carrara, Italy, 200.
Castleton, Vt., 127, 210, 327, 351.
Catherine Street, Plattsburgh, 42,
130,
Caughnawaga, 178, 211, 271, 393,
402, 408,
Centreville.
Chambly, 16, 89, 181, 191, 263,
304-5, 388.
Champlain Canal, 30, 246, 247.
Champlain, District of, 43, 63, 76,
> 397-
N. Y., II, 14, 26, 29, 31-2, 35,
37, 39, 63-4, 67, 69, 76, 78,
80, 83, 89-91, 93—4, 100, 102—
3, 107, 113, 120, 126, 128-9,
146-7, 165, 174-S, 184, 189,
201, 232, 238-9, 256, 258,
261, 273, 276, 280, 286, 291,
296, 313, 320, 325, 328, 337,
358, 361, 374, 376, 424.
Tercentenary, 201-15.
Valley, 16, 40, 62, 69, 172, 174,
201, 203, 222, 245, 251, 303,
338, 373, 377-8, 395, 397, 426.
Hospital, 187, 197.
Charleston, N. H., 327, 346.
S. C, 115, 147.
Charlotte, Vt., in, 152, 188, 311,
347, 367, 387, 396-7-

Index of Places and Events

477

Charlotte, County, 72,1348.
Street, Plattsburgh, 159, 234,
322, 402. ¦
Chase's, 352.
Chateaugay Expedition, 369.
Chateaugay Four Corners, 15.
Chateaugay, N. Y., 8, 39, 43, 64, 78,
105, 115. 128, 137, 192, 263,
300-1, 387, 398, 417, 419, 431.
Chatham, N. Y., 297.
Chazy Landing, 83, 239.
Chazy, N. Y., 26, 35, 37, 39, 49,
62-4, 67, 72, 76, 80, 83, 91,
99, 107—8, 127, 144, 171, 180,
191, 199-200, 236, 239-42,
255-6, 271-2, 276, 281, 291,
315, 337-8, 359, 381, 409,
417, 422, 424.
River, 148, 151, 164, 170, 245,
360.
Chesterfield, N. Y., 53, loi.
Chianderoga (Ticonderoga, q.v.).
Chicago, 152, 203.
Chimney Point, Vt., 29, 87, 93, 203,
240, 269, 287, 327, 398, 427-
Chism's Point, 7, 47, 79, 383.
Chittenden County, Vt., 13, 366.
Cholera (Asiatic), 132, 243-4, 408.
Clarendon, Vt., 274, 348.
Clayburgh, N. Y., 109.
Clermont, i6g, 322.
Cleveland, Ohio, 319.
Cliff Haven, N. Y., 201, 254, 268.
Clinton, N. Y., 137, 372, 417.
County, N. Y., 28, 52-3, 63-5,
69, 78, 83, 95-6, 155, 171,
182, 256, 281, 291, 297, 325,
337, 368, 388, 390, 405, 417.
Prison, 88, 121.
Clintonville, N. Y., 152.
Cloven Rock (Split Rock q.v.).
CocHECo (Dover, N. H.), 308, 357,
407.
Colchester, Vt., 113, ng, 168, 281,
303-
Cold Harbor, 224.
Cold Season, 33, 166, 171.
College Street, (Burlington) 9,
220.
COLONIE, N. Y., II.
Columbia Co., N. Y., 33.
Columbus, Ohio, 144.
Comstock, N. Y., 433-
Confiance, 292, 299.

Connecticut, 57, 117, 121-2, 132,
173, 196, 232, 271, 328, 358,
362, 369, 375, 379, 397, 430,
Constable, N. Y., 115.
Coon Mountain, 40.
Corlear's Lake, 259, 287.
Cornelia Street, (Plattsburgh), 42,
49, 251, 302, 305, 307, 313, 319,
415-16.
Corinth, N. H., 85,
Cornwall Ct., 23.
Crab Island, 59, 61, 281, 286, 289,
297, 306, 331.
Cragen River (Saranac, q.v.).
Crown Glass Works, 415.
Crown Point, 23, 36, 49, 64-5, 66,
69, 70, 76-7, 79, 87, no, 114,
131-3, 136, 143-4, 154, 160,
163-6, 168, 171-2, 17s, 178,
182—4, i88-g, 191— 9, 202-3, 207,
217, 224, 226, 240, 243—4, 248,
257, 260, 263, 273, 285, 288-g,
308, 324, 327, 329, 331-4, 337,
342-3, 34S-6, 352, 359, 364, 369,
372, 380, 385, 397, 430-
Cuba, 68, 74.
CuLLODEN, 350.
Culver Hill, 54, 145, 194, ig6-7,
284, 3og.
Cumberland Avenue, 8, 5g, 76, 89,
121, 166, 313.
Cumberland Bay, 18, 76, 86, 97,
151, 167, 179, 254, 269, 282,
286, 291, 324, 370, 423.
Cumberland Head, 8, 18, 31, 37,
42, 43, 59, 63, 85, 94, 101-2,
no, ng, 154-5, 178-9, 183,
185-7, 191, 197, 219, 231-2,
23g, 240, 243, 248, 254, 262,
264-6, 271, 276, 286, 2g6, 2g9,
318, 328, 331, 343, 364, 367,
376, 385, 410, 415, 427, 435-
Cumberland Valley, 76.

Danbury, Ct., 122.
Danby, Vt., 372, 396.
N. Y,,
41S-

Dannemora,

87, 173, 222,

Danville, Vt., 300.
Dansville, N. Y., 82, 87.
Dark Day, 373.
Dartmouth College, 300,
Dartmouth, Mass., 382, 395.
Dead Creek, 8, 151, 174, 180, igi,
234, 281, 284, 346.

478

Index of Places and Events

Deerfield, Mass., 23, 214, 3ig, 327,
354, 357, 368, 401, 422.
Derbyshire, Eng., 409.
Des Moines, 423.
Detroit, Mich., 106, 217.
Dorchester Heights, 131.
Dorset, Vt., 32, 228, 312.
Douglassville, Canada, 164.
Drouth, 33.
Drury's Bluff, 122, 127, 140.
Duck Creek, 327.
Dunbarton, N. H., 66.
Durham, Eng., 44.
Dutchess County, N. Y., 22, 32, 65,
67, 72, 74, 78, 103, 105, 118, 155,
186, 198, 218-9, 223, 236, 250,
252, 266, 297, 356, 363, 369,
377, 387, 426.
Dutchman's Farm, 195.
Dutchman's Point, 346.
Eagle, 153, 161-2 165, 227, 251, 292,
334, 414.
East Bridgewater, Mass., 407.
East Hampton, L. I., loi, 186, 429.
East Middlebury, Vt., 403.
Egremont, Mass., 246.
Eliza (Elizabeth) Point, 7, 24, 51,
70—2, 81, 400.
Eliza Meadow, 21, 28.
Elizabethtown, N. J. (Battle of),
83-
N. Y., 12, 19, 31, 35, 40, 42,
64, 100, III, 141, 191, 274,
336, 3S6, 368, 404-5, 408-g,
413-
Ellenburgh, N. Y., 3g, no, 137,
272.
Wash., 369.
Elmwood Cemetery (Burlington),
157, 163, 273, 282.
England, 23, 66, 103, 125-6, 138,
147, 312, 415-
Esopus (Kingston), 73, 387.
Essex County, 37, 63, 72, 96, in,
129, 182, 194, 205-6, 252, 275,
281, 297, 308, 336, 348, 3go,
395, 405, 408-9, 426, 431.
Essex County Academy, 69, 121,
409.
Essex Village, 7, 42, 96, 129, 135,
182, 188, 347, 397.
Everest, Kan., 363.
Ezraville (Malone q.v.).
Fairfax, Vt., 48, 291.

Fairfield, Vt., 323.
Falls of Montmorency, 419.
Federal Stores, N. Y., 290.
Ferris (Arnold's) Bay, 114.
Fbrrisburg, Vt., 137, 300, 339.
Ferris Mills (Peru), 84.
First Battle, 237.
First Births, 296, 360, 394-5.
First Boat, 232.
First Carpet, 102.
First Cattle Show, 337.
First Docks, 43, 242.
First Dwelling, 53, 69, 85, 107,
177-8.
First Church, 31, 318, 373.
First Forges, 120, 128, 189, 423.
First Horse, 78-9, 81, 87, 90.
First Mass, 271.
First Newspaper, 107, 408.
First Piano, 296.
First Religious Edifice, 235, 350.
First Settlers, 40, 61, 75, 90, 96,
107, 155, 184, 230, 237, 247,
261, 360, 362.
First School, 301, 375.
First Steamboat, 22, 132, 150,
168-9.
First Townmeeting, 77, 88, 179,
272, 432.
Fishkill, N. Y., 147, 332.
Floods, 82, 93-4, 99, 112, 113, 133,
228, 233.
Flushing, L. I., 128, 208, 308.
Fordham, N. Y., 277.
Port Albany, (Orange), 22.
Fort Ann, 246.
Port Brown, 278.
Port Cassin, 137, 252-3.
Fort Chambly, 233, 271, 272, 299,
342, 376, 395-
PoRT Edward, 143, 212, 221, 232-3,
255.
Port Ethan Allen, 197.
Fort Fisher, 224.
Fort Frederick Light House, 427.
Port George, 35 155, 161, 180,
278.
Fort McHenry, 356.
Port Miller, 149, 249, 251.
Port Montgomery, 183, 256.
Fort Moreau, in, 261, 278, 322.
Fort Orange (Albany q.v.).
Port Pickens (Fla.), 244.
Fort Scott, 278.
Fort Sorel, 271.

Index of Places and Events

479

Fort St. Anne, 80, 267, 271, 315,
318, 320, 326.
Fort St. Frederick, 14, 28, 196,
224, 279, 303, 345.
Fort St. John, 272, 299, 395.
Fort St. Theresa, 16, 32, 37.
Fort Ticonderoga, 170, 179, 207,
231, 263-4.
Fort Warren, 149, 150.
Fort Wayne, Ind., 295,
Fort William Henry, 61, 77, 182,
230, 287, 394.
Fosterburgh, lU., 381.
Four Brothers Islands, 183.
Fox Chase, 420.
France, 56, 82, 95, 130, 152, 174, 182,
208, 232, 240—1, 271, 2S7 425.
Franklin County, 27, 297.
Franklin, Ct., 315.
Fredenburgh Falls, 41, 177, 239.
French Mills, 18, 63, 192, 301,
316, 398-9-
French Revolution, 235, 393.
Friend's Burying Ground, 102.
Friswell's Patent, 57, 96, 160.
Galena, IU., 97.
Gales, 100, 113.
Garden Island, 333.
Geneva, Switzerland, 144.
Georgia, 301.
Vt., 122, 259, 358.
Gilmanton, N. H., 323.
Gilsum, N. H., 202.
Glens Falls, N. Y., 100.
Gordon's Landing, 325.
Goshen, Ct., in.
Gould's Hotel, 9.
Grand Isle, 25, 55, 59, 62, 79, 84-5,
103, 190, 249, 269, 278, 285,
292, 324, 330, 354, 366-7, 372,
382, 423-4.
Granville, N. Y., 164, 255, 360,
375, 425-
vt-, 57.
Great Insurrection, 388, 390-1.
411.
Great Neck, 361,
Great Sandy Point, 57.
Great Snowstorm, 137, 166, 353.
Green Bay, Wis., 261, 272.
Greenbush, N. Y., 300., 308.
Green Mountains, 228, 258, 264,
327, 420.
Green Mount Cemetery, 50, 200,
Groton, Mass., 273, 357.

Growler, 334.
Guilford, Ct., 13,
Vt., 228.

15-

Hackensack, N. j., 20.
Half Moon, 131, 144.
Halifax, 162.
Hallock Hill, 280.
Halsey's Corners, 99, 145, 284.
Hammond Hill, 284.
Hampton, Wash. Co., 15, 307,
Hand's Cove, 327.
Hardwick, Vt., 406.
Harkness, N. Y., 88.
Harper's Ferry, 273.
Hartford, Ct., 117, 148, 163, 291,
352.
Vt., 408.
Hartwell Place, 75.
Hatfield, 305.
Haverhill, Mass., 59, 85, 93.
Hazenburgh, 291.
Hazen Notch, 264.
Hazen Road, 264.
Hebron, Ct., 255.
Hemingford, P. Q., 185.
Hempstead, L. I., 250.
Herkimer County, 297, 39g.
High Palls, 251.
Highgate, Vt., 17, 31, 73, 162, 242,
261, 355, 384.
Hinesburgh, Vt., 302.
Historic Sites, 8, 22-3, 38, 49-50,
56, 58, 62, 78-9, 83-4, 86-7,
89, 97, 107, no, 118, 121, 134,
136, 140, 145, 147, 151, 153-4,
167—8, 172-7, 179, 184, i8g, 203,
217, 220, 234—5, 238, 240, 242,
251, 261, 267, 269, 271, 278,
280, 282, 284, 286-g, 2gi, 2g5-g,
305, 309-10, 312-13, 317, 319-
22, 324, 338, 351, 363-4, 369,
376-7, 383, 386, 390, 406, 410,
416, 421, 423, 426-7, 430-1-
HixiTE Controversy, 382.
Hoganstown, N. Y., 272.
Holland, 138, 147, 355, 399,
" Home for the Friendless," 146,
374, 416.
Homesteads, Old, 22-3, 33, 36, 38,
41, 44, 49, 53, 56, 66-7, 79,
85-6, 91, 99-102, 106, 118,
129-30, 134-S, 173, 17s, 180,
185, 196—7, 200, 207, 229, 235,
242, 256, 261, 302, 304, 307,
310, 319-20, 343, 412-3, 421.

48o

Index of Places and Events

Honolulu, S. I., 97, 223, 388.
Hoosick, N. Y., 50, 174, 257, 353.
Hopkinton, N. Y., 402.
Hospital Creek, (Addison), 99.
Hot Day, 251.
Hotel Champlain, 181, 192, 201,
209, 236, 286, 304.
Hotel Dieu, 55, 401.
Howard's Hotel, 9, 57, 175.
Howard Opera House, 58.
Howe's Landing, 204.
Hubbardton, Vt., 8, 430.
Hudson River, 29, 44, 82, 100, 117,
131, 238, 332, 367, 403.
Huntington, L. I., 152.
Huntington, P. Q., 32.
Indian Relics, 245, 362, 407.
Indian Rock, 47, 258, 316.
Industries, Early, 35-7, 54, 56, 67,
182, 186-7, 259-60, 312, 434. _
Inns, 9, 24-5, 26-7, 52, 118, 123,
231-3, 271, 309, 338, 341, 400,
402, 410, 418, 430.
Invasion, British (1814), 132, 135,
137, 140, 145, 176, 197, 219,
240, 273, 275-6, 280-84, 307-
9, 310, 346.
Burgoyne's, 44, 84, 170, 249,
259, 404-
Inverawe, 221, 250.
Ipswich, Mass., 44.
Irasburgh, Vt., 140.
Ireland, 410.
Iroquois River (Richelieu, q.v.)
Island Point, 183.
Isle Aux Noix, 64, 162-3, 166, 170,
176, 180-1, 183, 188, 191, 198,
226, 238, 257, 267, 269, 280,
298, 301, 313, 317, 342, 395-
IsLE Aux Tetes, 279.
Isle La Motte, 33, 164, 166, 170,
183, 199, 201, 212-13, 230, 232,
250, 255, 258, 271, 277, 279,
280, 285-6, 291, 298-9, 301, 305,
354, 360-1, 377.
Isle St. Michel (Crab, q.v.).
Jamaica, Island of, 43,
Jay, N. Y., 23, 64, 87, 192.
Johnson, Vt., 9.
Keene, N. Y., 206.

Keeseville, N. Y., 19, 26, 28,^64,
68, 73, 138-9, 174, 197, 205-6,
224, 266—8, 295, 298, 336, 376,
389-90-
Kent, Ct., 244, 265, 271.
Eng., 36.
Killingly, Ct., 43, 113, 320,
Kinderhook, N. Y., 23, 31, 33-4, 43.
L'Acadie, 191.
" La Acadia Plains," 265.
Lachine, p. Q., 386.
Lacolle, p. Q., 191.
Lacole (River), 89, 182, 296, 317.
Lake Champlain Association, 60.
Lake Champlain, 14-15, 18, 33-5,
37-8, 47, 56, 58, 66, 70-2, 75,
84—5, 89, 96—8, 103, 105, 113,
117, 123, 129-30, 134, 140, 163,
i6g, 179, 183-4, igo-i, 196,
224, 230, 237, 250, 255-6, 262,
268, 279, 287, 291—2, 294, 297,
309, 329, 341, 357, 367, 373,
397-8, 424.
Lake George (Horicon), 16, 61,
117, 185, 189, 205, 209-12,
2ig-20, 226, 240, 266, 279.
Lake Kushaqua, 431.
Lake Michigan, 272.
Lake Ontario, 105, 240, 255.
Lake Placid, 197, 220, 273, 424.
Lake St. Sacrament ((jeorge, q.v.).
Lake Superior, 245.
Lamoille, 249, 410.
Lancaster, Mass., 55.
Pa., 362.
Lanesboro, Mass., 78.
Lansingburgh, N. Y., 412-3.
Lapham's, 426.
La Prarie, 226, 233, 249, 264, 267,
362.
Larabee's Point, 258, 395.
Leith, Scotland, 139.
Lewis, N. Y., 37, 96, in, 146.
Lexington Alarm, 37, 77, 171.
Libby Prison, 244.
Lincoln Pond, 112.
Litchfield, Ct., 13, 29, 244, 261,
328, 345, 348.
Littleton, Mass., 46, 406,
Logan's Point, 52.
London, Eng., 51, 155, 177.
Londonderry, Ireland, 14, 405.
Long Island (Lake Champlain),
199.

Index of Places and Events

481

Long Island, N. Y., ioi, 133, 141,
144, 221, 257, 266, 268, 358,
374, 398.
Long Meadow, Ct., 271, 408.
Longueil, 166, 342, 385, 388.
Long Point, 76.
L'Orient, France, 82.
Lorraine, Prance, 95, 112.
Louisburgh Expedition, 376.
Louisiana, 143, 222.
Lower Jay, 409.
Loyal Block House, 68, 108, 195.
Lozier Automobile, 340.
Lozier Place, 286.
Lozier Works, 426.
Lundy's Lane, 347.
Lyme, Ct., 33.
Lynn, Mass., 260.
Lyon Mountain, 248.
Lyon Street, 53.
Macdonough, 35, 381.
Park, 268.
Macomb's Purchase, 17
Madeira, 147.
Maine, Province of, 215, 345.
Malone, N. Y., 19, 26, 44, 81, loi,
145, 163, 215, 264, 376.
Manchester, N. H., 347, 362, 397.
Vt., 32, 115, 130, 266, 351.
Manila Bay, 122.
Martinique, 89.
Massachusetts, 23, 58, 113, 118,
121, 171, 329, 354, 382.
McCreedy's, 25,
Mediterranean, 49, 138.
Melrose, Mass., 10.
Memorials, 8, 39, 55, 60, 185-6,
201, 242, 258, 319, 323, 357,
372, 409, 417-
Middlebury College, 146, 212-3,
238, 315, 362, 408, 425, 432.
Middlebury, Vt., 37, 279, 362, 381,
384-
MiDDLE Hero, Vt., 366, 369.
Middletown, Ct., 312, 411.
Milford, Ct., 301.
Military Turnpike, 137, 163, 256,
338, 351, 374, 417- ^^
MiLLTOWN, 39, 61, 63, 66, 93-5,
186-7, 214, 274, 280, 304, 382.
Milton, Vt., 49, 170, 292, 355, 401,
410.
Milwaukee, Wis., 152,
Minevillb, N. Y., 380.

Mississippi (River), 388, 414.
Missisquoi Bay, 366.
Mohawk Valley, 173, 193, 209,
221.
Monkton, Vt., 57, 338.
Monmouth, N. J., 81.
Montpelier, Vt., 192.
Montreal, 14, 28, 55, 69, 71, 102,
118, 122, 124, 133-4, 141, 162,
164, 168, 170, 193, 201, 204,
214-15, 227, 250, 256, 258,
263-4, 267, 272, 281, 285, 304,
312, 324, 339, 378, 401, 411.
414, 422.
Monuments, 99, 181, 200, 201, 213,
221, 236, 258, 264, 268, 272,
279. 282, 309, 336, 363, 377,
382, 388, 391, 402-3, 430, 435,
Monty's Bay, 397-8.
Mooers, N. Y., 80-1, no, 139, 185,
272, 353, 407, 424, 432.
Moriah, N. Y., 348.
Morris Heights, 403.
Morrisonville, N. Y., 87.
Morristown Academy, N. J., 71.
Mosquito Coast, 147.
Mount Assumption Institute, 86,
256.
Mt. Defiance, (Sugar Loaf), 199,
354-
Mt. Hope, (Mill Heights), 151, 197.
Mt. Independence, 202, 205, 223,
250, 351- 354-
Mt. Pittsford, 210.
Nantucket, 32, 350.
Newburg, N. Y., 414.
Newbury, Mass., 93.
Vt., 264.
New England, 48, 71, 187, 378,
388, 394, 420
New Hampshire Grants, 10, 13,
29, 86, 105, 117, 234, 312.
New Haven, Ct., 54, 117.
Vt., 310-11.
New Ipswich, N. H., 37.
New Jersey, 399.
New London, Ct., 401.
New Marlboro, Mass., 300.
New Milford, Ct.
New Orleans, 46.
New Preston, Ct., 103, 120, 266,
416.

482

Index of Places and Events

New York, 105, 121, 348, 394, 424.
City, 10, 12, 33, 41, 60, 62, 69,
71, 74, 85, 117, 125, 144,
146—8, 153, 186, 210, 236,
349, 356, 364-5, 377. 384,
393, 416, 424, 432-
Niagara Falls, 274-5.
Nine Partners, N. Y., 42, 177,
198, 208, 259, 265-6, 308, 363,
372, 377-8, 3g3, 3g6, 411.
Nismes, France, 8g.
Northampton, Mass., 371.
North Elba, N. Y., 273.
North Hero, Vt., 35, 87, 320, 330,
346, 354, 394.
North Island, 44.
North Salem, N. H., 325.
Northwest Bay, 85.
Norfolk, Va., 14.
Norwich, Ct., 25, 303, 346, 415.
Nova Scotia, 2go, 388.
" Oblong," 198, 377, 387.
Odelltown, p. Q., 90, 188, 263, 346.
Ogdensburgh, N. Y., 146, 256, 403.
Oneida Castle, 280.
Oneida County, 297.
Onion, (Winooski, q. v.) River.
Orwell, Vt., 248, 407.
Ossawatomie, 27g.
Ottawa, 3gi, 415.
Otter Creek, (Riviere Aux Lou
tres), 89, 93, 137, 154, 187-8,
207, 227, 24g, 259, 287, 346, 350.
Ouinouski, (Winooski).
Oxford, Ct., 117.
Palatine, N. Y., 205.
Panama, 330.
Panton Bay, 334, 381.
Panton, Vt., 28, in, 150, 363, 404.
Paris, 45, 108, 287, 422.
Pawlet, Vt., 351, 366.
Peacham, Vt., 264.
Pearl Street, 53, 174, 366, 412.
Peekskill Mountains, 259.
Pennsylvania, 73, 274.
Perth Amboy, N. J., 273.
Perue Bay, 63, 67.
Peru Landing, 43, 94.
Peru, N. Y., ii, 35, 43, 56, 61, 83,
87-8, 94, 97, ioi, 104, 112, 140,
149, 161, 177, 193, 198, 208,
235, 245, 248, 310, 323, 350,
356, 361, 368, 380, 388, 409-10,
418-9, 424, 431-2.

Philadelphia, 14, 87-8, 105, 387,
4og, 415-16, 426,
Philippine Insurrection, 74, 122.
Philipsburgh, p. Q., 74.
Phoenix, 10, 55, 122, 154, 231, 281—3.
Pike's Cantonment, in, 23g, 246.
Pillory, 300.
Pine Point, 50, 52.
Piscataqua Harbor, 405.
PiTTSFIELD, Mass., iig.
Pittsford, Vt., 351.
Pittstown, N. Y., 37.
Plainfield, Ct., 355.
N. J., 379-
Plattsburgh Academy, 19, 51, 67,
124, 136, 158, 238, 241, 277,
281, 287, 307, 313, 315, 323,
375, 382, 386.
Plattsburgh Barracks, 56, 104,
123, 145, 160, 167, 183, 208,
300.
Plattsburgh, Battle of, 19, 29, 44,
50, 84, 99, 108, iio-ii, 150,
157, 232, 253—4, 261, 268,
277, 292-5, 297-300, 309-10,
356, 370, 381, 414, 419, 423,
429, 435-
& Montreal R. R., 59, 106.
N. Y., 7-9, 13-15, 18, 33-41, 46,
52-6, 58-9, 61-3, 65-8, 70-6,
78-91, g4-io7, 114-25, 127-30,
132-6, i3g, 141, 143, 145-61,
163-4, 167, 170-6, 179, 183,
185—7, 189-go, ig2— 8, 200-4,
208-10, 215-23, 225-8, 239,
248, 254, 259, 264—6, 268—71,
274-8, 280-90, 294-307, 309-
25, 327-8, 334-6, 338, 340-3,
345-53, 355-8, 360, 364-s,
368-77, 379-80, 382, 384-6,
391-2, 394, 396, 398-402,
404-8, 410-21, 423-37-
Siege of, 143, 145, 151, 180,
182, 261, 278, 281—4, 287-95,
306, 309-10, 323, 375, 419,
435-
State Normal School, 187, 373.
Pleasant Valley, (Dutchess Co.),
322.
(Elizabethtown, q.v.)
Plymouth, Mass., 30, 359.
N. C, 114.
Poke O' Moonshine, 356.
Point Ausable, 183.

Index of Places and Events

483

Point Au Per, 176, 183, 198, 224,
286, 352.
Point Au Roche, 85, 187, 240, 250,
291, 358.
Point Oliver, L. C, 244.
Poquonock, Ct., 376.
Point SqueSonton (Cumberland
Head, q. v.).
Port Douglas, 426.
Port Gilliland (Janesboro), gg,
145, 167, 228.
Port Henry, 100, 189, 203, 316,
348, 380, 424.
Port Jackson, 53, 56, 145.
Port Kent, 9, 78, 151, 266, 324,
401—2.
Portsmouth, N. H., 229.
Potsdam, N. Y., 136.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 32, 7g, 83,
log, 112, 117, i3g, 142, 145,
147—8, 169, 195, 231, 236, 252,
290, 366, 407, 416-17, 434-
Poultney, Vt., 82, 86, 301, 354.
Preston, Ct., 116, 303, 412, 416.
Princeton, Battle of, 83.
Prospect Heights, 284.
Providence Island, 132, 139, 281-2.
Providence Orphan Asylum, 124.
Providence, R. I., 21, 426.
Province Point, 183. '
Prussia, 162.
Putnam Creek, 190.
Quebec, 10, 16, 23, 28, 31, 41, 62, 68,
80, 89, III, 126, 128, 131, 135,
143, 176, 181, 195, 204, 214,
216—19, 225, 228-9, 255, 260,
267, 278, 315, 319, 321, 326-7,
329. 339-40, 350, 355-6, 397,
401-2, 404, 428, 430, 436.
Queen City Park, 241.
Queenstown, 295.
Raids, Carleton's, 135, 248, 404.
Indian, 248, 341, 345-
Murray's, 167, 238-41, 252-3,
335, 418.
Pring's, 13s, 137, 139.
St. Albans, 330, 332, 343-4, 377-
Rand Hill, 222.
Randolph, Vt., 192.
Ransom's Landing, 154.
Rattle Snake Den, 267.
Ray Brook, N. Y., 196.
Reading, Pa., 362.

Redford (Saranac), 368, 404, 415.
Red Hook, 198.
Reggio (RoclcDunder), 226, 25g, 279,
Rensselaerwyck, 315.
Rhinebeck, N. Y., 73, 76, 384.
Rhode Island, 378, 432.
Richelieu River, 32, 121, 127, 181,
196, 224, 257, 329, 376.
Richmond, Va., 138.
Ridgefield, Ct., 117.
Riverside Cemetery, gg, 133, 145,
157, 159, 236, 264, 26g, 2g5,
351, 406, 416, 419.
Rock Dunder, (Reggio.)
Rock Point, 168, 281.
Rouses Point, 13, 26, 29, 39, 60, 98,
113, 122, 124, 130, 135-6, 147,
163-4, 183, 244, 336, 338, 382,
433-
Royal George, 126.
Royal Savage, 39, 331, 333.
Royalton, Vt., ig2, 33g, 340-1, 423.
Ruisseaumont, ig7.
Russia (Town of Saranac), 109.
Rutland, Vt., 358, 387.
Sabbath-Day Point, 202.
Sackett's Harbor, 118, 234.
Saginaw, Mich., 319.
Salem, Ct., 26.
Salem, Mass., 2g5, 325.
Salisbury, Ct., 119, 173, 198, 248,
328, 391-
Vt., 351, 363.
Salmon River, 163, 177, 228, 246,
317, 328.
Saranac Inn, 201.
Saranac, N. Y., 89, 316, 415.
River, 46, 75, 97-8, 145, 174,
186-7, 189, 234, 262, 289,
297, 314, 328, 399.
Wood Pulp MiU, 115.
Saratoga Alarm, 47, 84, 291, 320.
Saratoga, N. Y., 8, 23, 88, 211, 349,
385, 392.
Springs, 121.
Sault St. Louis, 163, 301, 327, 429.
Savages Island, 134.
Saxe's Landing, 76, 171, 242.
Saybrook, Ct., 33.
Schenectady, N. Y., 135, 143,
266-7.
Schroon, 80, 220, 225, 356.
Schuyler Falls, N. Y., g6, 262,
276, 295, 315, 372, 380.

484

Index of Places and Events

Schuylers Island, 183, 268, 324,
331, 333-4-
Scotland, 43, 139, 201, 250.
Seal Rock, 275.
Seigniory L' Orignal, 21.
Sheffield, Mass., 107, 119.
Shelburn Harbor, 55.
Shelburne, Vt., 123, 132.
Sheldon, Vt., 46, gg.
Shooting Matches, 7, 2g.
Shoreham, Vt., 26, 103, 128, 131,
146, 213, 255, 264, 266, 300,
327, 384, 395, 399, 404-
Shrewsbury, Mass., 128.
Simsbury, Ct., 117, 264, 300.
Skenesborough (Whitehall), 105,
128, 136, 142, 202, 210, 351.
Sloop Island, 60.
Smithtown, L. I., 21, 246.
Smuggling, 189-90, 242.
Sorel, 176, 252, 262.
South Bay, 195, 198, 279.
South Hero, 45, 86, 113, 232, 311,
346, 367, 369.
South Island, 84, 108.
South Plattsburgh, 250, 303, 321.
South River, 38.
Spencertown, N. Y., 376.
Split Rock (Roche Rendue), 50,
130, 135, 137, 185, 214, 258,
267, 304-5, 334.
St. Albans, 13, 51, 94, 213, 247, 287,
330, 332, 343-4, 347, 353, 377,
401, 414, 433-
St Castor, 235.
St. Croix, 195.
St. Denis, Battle of, 127, 390.
St. Johns, 19, 57, 64, 133, 142, 168-
g, 171, 174-5, 180, igi, 226-7,
267, 274, 313, 330, 338, 342-3,
362, 388.
St. Lambert, 218, 368, 391.
St. Lawrence Co., 95, 402.
St. Lawrence River, 95, 99, 141,
166, 181, 262, 269, 376.
St. Louis, Mo., 91.
St. Ours, 127, 178.
St. Paul's Church, 10, 358.
St. Regis, 370-1.
St. Theresa.
Stanfordville, N. Y., 426.
Stave Island, 281, 283.
Stephentown, N. Y., 37, 49, 75,
134, 257.
Sterling, Vt., 16,

Stevens House (Lake Placid), 220.
Stewart's Patent, 61.
Stillwater, N. Y., 134, 238, 259.
Stony Wold Sanatorium, 431.
Suckertown (Chazy), 26.
Sudbury, Ohio, 380.
Suffield, Ct., 305.
Suffolk Co., ioi, 398.
Sutton, Mass.
Swanton, Vt., 216, 240, 340, 406.
Sweden, 115.
Tablets, 46, 200, 201, 213, 254,
316, 341.
Thorn's Corners, 256.
Three Mile Point, 193, 354.
Ticonderoga, ) 8, 32, 37, 47, 58,
Tyconderogue, f 80, 100, 114,
118, 123, 126—8, 131-3, 142,
146, 151, 169, 172, 190-1, 193,
199, 201, 206—8, 211, 215—16,
218, 231, 250, 259, 260, 301,
308, 311-12, 321, 323-4, 327,
329-30, 348, 351, 354, 370,
405.
Landing, 16, 160, 173.
Tinmouth, Vt., 368, 407.
Tioga Co., 297.
Trap, Del., 436.
Treadwell's Bay, 34, 431, 435.
Trenton, N. Y., 36.
Battle of, 83.
Trois Rivieres, 197, 233, 237, 248.
Trombley's Bay, 255.
Trout Brook, 204-5, 321.
Troy, N. Y., 82, 224, 272, 290, 375.
Trumbull, 309, 334.
Turner's Inn, 301.
Upper Jay, 319, 409.
" Union," 88, 104, 208, 280, 284.
Union Coffee House, 25.
Unity, N. H., 248, 260, 323.
Utica, N. Y., 193, igg.
Valcour, 38, 54, 140.
Battle of, 39, 61, no— II, 157,
268, 324, 329, 331, 334, 337,
418.
Valcour, (Island, 34, 160, 183,
Vancour, \ igg, 281, 286, 309,
324, 331-
Strait, 268, 333.
Valley Forge, 158, 164, 379, 384.
Van Dieman's Land, 411.

Index of Places and Events

485

Van Kleeck House, 231.
Van Ness House, 175.
Vergennes, Vt., 72, 105, 132, 135,
227, 251-2, 261, 315, 350, 361,
398, 403.
Vermont, 9, 23, 25-6, 28-9, 31-8,
40-2, 45, 47-51, 53-5, 57-8,
60-2, 64-6, 71, 86-7, 89-g4,
105, 115, ng, 137, I4g, 157-8,
162, 166, 190— I, 229, 257, 317,
^ 3.55,358-9,373,377,417,424-
University of, 28, 102, 116, 148,
153, 192-3, 211, 235, 244,
274, 3°4, 364, 367, 377, 378,
397, 424-
" Vilas Home," 74, 97, 357.
Wadham's Mills, 24, 111,223-4, 405.
Wallingford, Vt., II.
Walloomsac Valley, 10.
Waltham, Mass., 317.
Warren Co., 297.
Washington Co., 395, 409.
Washington, D. C, 45, 74, 211, 241,
336, 376, 384, 416.
Waterbury, Ct., 122.
Water Street, 53.
Watertown, Ct., 117.
Waterville, Vt., 406.
Wells, (Me.), 214, 357.
West Chazy, 281, 359.
Westchester Co., 186, 377.
Westfield, Mass., 23, 172.
Vt., 264.
Westford, Vt., 116.
West Indies, 49, 62, 147.
Westminster, Vt., 54, 105.
West Plattsburgh, 148, 153, 180,
350, 360, 385, 411.
West Point, 20, 144, 436.
Westport, 20, 40, 63, 69, 85, in,
ng, 121, 202, 206, 267, 322,
336, 378, 403, 409, 413-

Westville, N. Y., 115, 325.
Whiteface, 273.
Whitehall, N. Y., 19, 63, 122, 136,
156, 168, 190-1, 254, 272, 291,
292, 334, 387, 398-9.
White Plains, Battle of, 355.
Wild Pigeons, Visitation of, 222.
William St. (Plattsburgh), 164.
Williams St. (Burlington), 62.
Williamsburgh Road, Va., 152.
Williamstown, Mass., 113, 320.
Williston, Vt., 13, 55, 274.
Willsboro, | 7, 23, 36, 37, 40,
Willsborough, j 53, 69, 77,
79, 84-S, 95-6, 116, 144, 168,
172-3, 185-6, 197, 230, 267, 372,
379, 395, 427, 431.
Wilmington, N. Y., 82, 87, 144, 192,
316, 381, 390.
Windmill Point, 189, 224, 279, 286,
290, 306.
Windsor, Vt., 20, 192.
Winooski, 242.
Falls, 51.
River, 13, 52, 57, 133, 168, 204,
233, 258, 341, 348.
Wisconsin, 151, 221, 229, 381, 421.
"Woodbury, (Roxbury), Ct., 430.
Wood's Palls, 115.
Woodstock, Vt., 192.
Wolf Hunting, 72, 97, 417, 423.
Worcester, Mass., 256.
Wyoming Valley, 311.
Yale College, 54, 152, 202, 301.
Y. M. C. A. Building, 21, 254, 372,
417, 437-
Yonkers, N. Y., ioi.
York, Me., 215, 357, 400,
Pa., 362.
Yorktown, 81, 83.

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

3 9002 01346 3816

1 1
I '¦ 1
m ',1

M'f'. i;iri''^'' .¦¦
iJilPI'l! i lHi,iilP'iu.,'*.i!ii
t .III ll |l' ;.• • li ',1 .  Ill