YALE UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY

Purchased from the income
of the bequest of
WILLIAM ROBERTSON COE
Honorary M.A. 1949, for
material in the field
of American Studies

PIONEER MONUMENT
WITH STATUE OF BRIGHAM YOUNG
Erected in honor of Utah's Pioneers. Unveiled July 24, 1897

SALT LAKE CITY
PAST and PRESENT
A Narrative of
Its History and Romance
Its People and Cultures
Its Industry and Commerce
Its Attractions and Grandeurs
Its Bright and Promising Future
with Chapters of Utah's General
Resources and Progressiveness
ILLUSTRATED

E. V. FOHLIN
Author and Publisher
SALT LAKE CITY
UTAH

Entered according to act of Congress
in the year 1908
by
E. V. FOHLTN
in the office of the Librarian of Congress,
at Washington, D. C.

Photographs by Engravings by
C. W. Carter C. R. Savage De Bouzek-Huntze Company
Harry Shipler C. E. Johnson Salt Lake Tribune's En'g Dept,
Press and Binderv of Skelton Pub. Co., Salt Lake Citv

PREFACE.

It is a duty which the author of a publication owes to the
public in presenting the product of his work, to give, at the com
mencement of his book, a concise statement of the contents and
object of the publication, so the reader may, under the caption
of a Preface or Introductory, know what may be expected within
the following pages. The author of this little publication desires
to mention that he is quite well aware of the fact that he is not
first in the field by any means. Utah generally and Salt Lake
City particularly have received attention from all kinds of ob
servers and writers; but the additional fact remains that all has
not yet been said. The theme is a growing one, and the founda
tion subject is so great and important that no one volume nor
all of them combined have placed the picture in all its variegated
attractiveness before the eyes of those who must needs see from a
distance. So this little volume does not pretend to "tell it all,"
or shed more enlightenment than others have done, but expects to
be a useful addition to those which have preceded it. Accuracy
has been the chief aim in dealing with circumstances, and impar
tiality the unvarying rule as to all matters relating to the different
phases of society. It is hoped and believed that the reading will
be found free from prosiness or dullness, being as it is entirely
original except where credited to other sources, and that details
and statistics are so classified and arranged as to be convenient
and interesting; while the views and portraits so lavishly pre
sented will be found so new, so artistic and so striking as to be
alone worth all that the volume costs and more. It will surely
do to keep and show.
In the preparation of the matter herein contained acknowl
edgment is cheerfully made of the assistance rendered by S. A.
Kenner, whose experience in such work is too well known to need
commendation. Favors otherwise received from different sources
are also not forgotten, and especially the generous patronage and
substantial support received from our public-spirited citizens and
business men in general, which has materially aided the accom
plishment of this undertaking.
Having said which, my work is confidently submitted to the
public.
E. V. FOHLIN.

THE PIONEERS' FIRST GLIMPSE OF THE SALT LAKE VALLEY, 1847
"This is the Place!! Here will the House of the Lord be Erected!" — Brigham Young From Sketch by Geo. Ottinger

Founding and Developments of
Salt Lake City,
THE METROPOLIS OF OUR INTERMOUNTAIN EMPIRE.

T' is not the object of this book to present a his
tory of this city or state in detail (which in
numerous editions has already been published
and given to the world), but to present to those
interested a brief review of the story of this
community to whose people honor and credit
must be given for the toil, energy and enter
prise displayed in changing a barren and un
broken wilderness (believed then to be unfit for habitation by
civilized man) into a place which today represents in rich measure
the fruits of the unceasing labor and hardships endured by the
Pioneers of .this intermountain state and the works of those Of
later years.
About sixty years ago, standing on the edge of the Mississip
pi river (then the border of the civilized part of our country),
was a company of men, women and children bent on a journey
towards the western part of the continent. Without inducements,
without advice or encouragement from friend or foe and without
knowledge of their final stopping point or destination, this com
pany, numbering about one thousand families, in February, 1846,
broke camp and prepared to cross the Mississippi river and to
traverse the thousands of miles of barren and unsettled prairie
of this western country. They were scantily provided with cloth
ing and provisions for undertaking such an unprecedented jour
ney, which must result in untold suffering to all and death to
some, and which was the only result looked for by a disinterested
world. Within the bosoms of those brave and honored pilgrims,
whose journey was towards the setting sun, rested no discourage
ment, no retreat. Forced to seek a place of refuge, like the pil
grims of Plymouth Rock, they showed no sign of weakness in
their hopes, reliance and trust, these being as firm as the rocks
created and set in place by that Power to whom only they looked
for succor in the hour of distress and oppression.
Under the leadership of Brigham Young, who like Moses
of old led his faithful followers from the land of Egypt into the
wilderness, were shown the qualities to which the people looked

REPRESENTATIVE PIONEERS OF UTAH
BRIGHAM YOUNG AND BROTHERS
Lorenzo, Brigham, Phineas, Joseph,

1804

1S01

1799

1797

John 1795

FIRST HOUSE BUILT IN SALT LAKE
A modest start of our residence quarter in 1847. Although a humble,-
a proud home in the Camp of Zion

-yet

SiVLT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 9
for guidance, counsel and advice. No pen can picture the real
experiences connected with the migration of this people, who
were driven from the civilized parts of their own country into a
land where only the foot-prints of the red man and the beasts
of the desert could be found.
Regarding the events connected with the immortal episode of
their journey (which would in itself furnish material for a large
volume of history of the Mormons), we can only, for lack of space
in this book, briefly refer to them. The constant exposure to
which they were subjected by the inclemency of the weather,
aside from the danger from Indians and beasts that roamed over
the prairies, can only be appreciated by those who have made
such a journey.
Let us pass over their travels, which have taken a period of
seventeen months, and meet them again in July, 1847, when they
came through Emigration canyon and had their first view of
Salt Lake valley. Their leader, from his sickbed, overlooked the
valley and exclaimed to his people, ' ' This is the place ! ' ' This, to
them meant, "This is our home, our home for the future." They
descended from the foot-hills of the mountains into the valley,
where they pitched their tents, and in prayer to God gave thanks
and invoked his blessings. Wherever their feet went or their
eyes looked, a barren and unproductive desert met their view.
It was regarding this country that the offer of one thousand dol
lars for one bushel of wheat that could be raised here was made.
This offer made by James Bridger, whom Brigham and the
Pioneer company met a short distance west of the South Pass, not
far from Fort Bridger. The story has often been told, but is true
and as apt for purposes of illustration now as at any other time.
The Pioneers' New Home.
In order to show the reader how the Pioneers viewed their
situation and their future hope regarding the Zion they had
found, the following extracts from the journal of Apostle Wil-
ford Woodruff are here given:
"July 24th — This is one of the most important days of my
life, and in the history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-
Day Saints.
"After traveling six miles through a deep ravine ending
with the canyon, we came in full view of the valley of the Great
Salt Lake; the land of promise, held in reserve by God, as a rest
ing place for his saints.
"We gazed in wonder and admiration upon the vast valley
before us, with the waters of the great lake glistening in the sun,
mountains towering to the skies, and streams of pure water run
ning through the beautiful valley. It was the grandest view we
had ever seen till this moment. Pleasant thoughts ran through

THE HISTORICAL WATER WHEEL
This old landmark was built by Brigham in the early 'SOs, and served for power to
his grist mill, and later in the blacksmithing works for the Temple

Unloading Goods from Ox Train for Walker Brothers, 1868
Speed of these early days' freight from Missouri River to Salt Lake City,
a distance of about 1,100 miles, was 6 to 7 months both ways

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 11
our minds at the prospect that, not many years hence, the house
of God would be established in the mountains and exalted above
the hills; while the valleys would be converted into orchards, vine
yards, and fruitful fiel'ds, cities erected to the name of the Lord,
and the Standard of Zion unfurled for the gathering of the na
tions. "President Young expressed his entire satisfaction at the
appearance of the valley as a resting place for the Saints, and
felt amply repaid for his journey. While lying upon his bed,
in my carriage, gazing upon the scene before us, many things
of the future, concerning the valley, were shown to him in vis
ion." Progress of the Colony.
In the History of Salt Lake City will be found the following
interesting sketch regarding the progress of the colony : -
"January 1st, 1848. — The opening of the year found us and
the community generally in good, comfortable, temporary log or
adobe cabins, which were built in a way to enclose the square1
commenced by the Pioneers, and a portion of two other blocks of
the city plat.
' ' We had to struggle against great difficulties in trying to
mature a first crop. We had not only the difficulties and inexperi
ence incidental to an unknown and untried climate, but also
swarms of insects equal to the locusts of Egypt, and also a ter
rible drought} while we were entirely inexperienced in the art
of irrigation ; still we struggled on, trusting in God. ' '
In 1849 the following facts are given in the First General
Epistle sent out from the Mormon Presidency :
"On our arrival in this valley, we found the brethren had
erected four forts, composed mostly of houses, including an area
of about forty-seven acres, and numbering about 5,000 souls,
including our camp. The brethren had succeeded in sowing and
planting an extensive variety of seeds, at all seasons, from Jan
uary to July, on a farm about twelve miles in length, and from
one to six in width, including the city plat. Most of their early
crops were destroyed, in the month of May, by crickets and frost,
which continued occasionally until June ; while the latter harvest
was injure by drought and frost, which commenced its injuries
about the 10th -of October and by the outbreaking of herds of
cattle. The brethren were not sufficiently numerous to fight the
crickets, irrigate the crops, and fence the farm of their exten
sive planting, consequently they suffered heavy losses; though
the experiment of last year is sufficient to prove that valuable
crops may be raised in this valley by an attentive and judicious
management. '
"The winter of 1847-48 was very mild, grass ;abundant,

THE HISTORICAL COUNCIL HOUSE
Built for ecclesiastical purposes by the Mormon Church, 1850. This
old landmark, together with several other buildings,
was destroyed by fire in 1883

THE OLD SALT LAKE COUNTY COURT HOUSE
Occupied by the county officials from 1856 to 1895, when the
new City and County Building was erected and completed

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 13
flocks and herds thriving thereon, and the earth tillable most of
the time during each month ; but the winter of 1848-49 has been
very different, more like a severe New England winter. Exces
sive cold commenced on the 1st of December, and continued until
the latter part of February. Snow storms were frequent, and
though there were several thaws, the earth was not without
snow during that period, varying from one to three feet in depth,
both in time and places. The coldest day of the past winter was
the 5th of February, the mercury falling 33 below freezing point,
and the warmest day was Sunday, the 25th of February, mercury
rising to 21 degrees above freezing point, Fahrenheit. Violent and
contrary winds have been frequent. The snow on the surrounding
mountains has been much deeper, which has made the wood very
difficult of access ; while the cattle have become so poor, through
fasting and .scanty fare, that it has been difficult to draw the
necessary fuel, and many have had to suffer more or less from the
want thereof. The winter commenced at an unusual and unex
pected moment, and found many of the brethren without houses
or fuel, and although there has been considerable suffering, there
has been no death by the frost. Three attempts have been made
by the brethren with pack animals or snow shoes to visit Fort
Bridger, since the snow fell, but have failed; yet it is expected
that Compton will be able to take the mail east soon after April
Conference. "In the former part of February, the bishops took an inven
tory of the breadstuff in the vallej', when it was reported that
there was little more than three-fourths of a pound per day
for each soul, until the 5th of July; and considerable was known
to exist which was not reported. As a nattiral consequence some
were nearly destitute while others had abundance. The common
price of corn since harvest has been two dollars ; some have sold
for three; at present there is none in the market at any price'.
Wheat has ranged from four to five dollars, and potatoes from six:
to twenty dollars per bushel, and though not to be bought at
present, it is expected that there will be a good suppy for seed
by another year.
"Our public works are prosperous, consisting of a Council
House, 45 feet square, two stories, builded by tithing; also a
bridge across the Western Jordan, at an expense of seven hundred
dollars, and six or seven bridges across minor streams, to be paid
by a one per cent property tax; also, a bath-house at the warm
springs. "A field of about 8,000 acres has been surveyed south of
and bordering on the city, and plotted in five and ten acre lots,
and a church farm of about 800 acres. The five and ten acre lots
were distributed to the brethren, by casting lots, and every man
is to help build a pole, ditch, or stone fence as shall be most con-

A view of Main Street with its old landmarks as seen in 1860, looking south from the southeast corner of the Temple Square

SALT LAKE CITY TAST AND PRESENT. 15
venient around the whole field, in proportion to the land he draws ;
also, a canal on the east side, for the purpose of irrigation. There
are three grist mills, and five or six saw mills in operation, and
several more in contemplation.
"The location of a tannery and foundry are contemplated
as soon as the snows leave the mountains.
"The forts are rapidly breaking up, by the removal of the
houses on to the city lots; and the city is already assuming thei
appearance of years, for any ordinary country; such is the in
dustry and perseverance of the Saints."
Captain Stansbury's Description of Salt Lake City.
In 1850 Captain Stansbury, of the United States army, who
visited Utah for the purpose of making surveys of the lakes,
gives at that date an interesting description of Salt Lake City
and its environs:
"A city has been laid out upon a magnificent scale, being
nearly four miles in length and three in breadth ; the streets at
right angles with each other, eight rods or one hundred and
thirty-two feet wide, with side-walks of twenty feet; the blocks
forty rods square, divided into eight lots, each of which contains
an acre and a quarter of ground. By an ordinance of the city,
each house is to be placed twenty feet back from the front line
of the lot, the intervening space being designed for shrubbery
and trees. The site for the city is most beautiful ; it lies at
the western base of the Wasatch mountains, in a curve formed by
the projection westward from the main range of a lofty spur
which forms its southern boundary. On the west it is washed
by the waters of the Jordan, while to the southward for twenty-
five miles extends a broad level plain, watered by several little
streams, which flowing down from the eastern hills, form the
great element of fertility and wealth to the community. Through
the city itself flows an unfailing stream of pure, sweet water,
which, by an ingenious mode of irrigation, is made to traverse
each side of every street, whence it is led into every graden spot,
spreading life, verdure and beauty over what was heretofore a
barren waste. On the east and north the mountain descends
Ho the plain by steps, which form broad and elevated terraces,
commanding an extensive view of the whole valley of the Jordan,
which is bounded on the west by a range of rugged mountains,
stretching far to the southward, and enclosing within their em
brace the lovely little Lake of Utah.
"The facilities for beautifying this admirable site are mani
fold. The irrigating canals, which flow before every door, furn
ish abundance of water for the nourishment of shade trees, and
the open space between each building, and the pavement (side-

MAYORS OF SALT LAKE CITY, 1851-1S86
Jedediah M. Grant Abraham O. Smoot
Daniel H. Wells (The Old City Hall) Feramorz Little
William Jennings James Sharp

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 17
walk) before it, when planted with shrubbery and adorned with
flowers, will make this one of the most lovely spots between the
Mississippi and the Pacific.
The First Rule of Government,
"During the first four years the colony grew up under the
peculiar rule of the Mormon community. There was the 'City
of the Great Salt Lake' in name, but no regular incorporation
until after the setting up of the Territory of Utah, under the
United States administration. At first the city was simply a
'Stake of Zion,' with no secular functions in the common sense,
nor a secular administration in any form, until the election for
officers of the provisional Government of the State of Deseret,
When the bishops became magistrates of their several wards.
"Under the government of the Bishops, Utah grew up, and,
until the regular incorporation of Great Salt Lake City m l851,
they held what is usually considered the secular administration
over the people ; Brigham Young was their director, for he
formulated and constructed everything in those early days. Each
of these nineteen wards developed, during the first period, be
fore the regular incorporation of the city, like so many munci-
pal corporations, over which the bishops were chief magistrates
or mayors. Under their temporal administration all over Utah,
as well as in Salt Lake, cities were built, lands divided off to the
people, roads and bridges made, water-ditches cut, the land irri
gated, and society governed. In fact, under them all the revenue
was produced and the work done of founding Great Salt Lake
City." In the year 1851 the city of Great Salt Lake began its exist
ence as a municipality, an incorporation ordinance having been
passed by the General Assembly of the State of Deseret, which re
ceived the sanction of Brigham Young, who soon after was ap
pointed Governor of the Territory by the President of the United
States. The following officials were appointed to take charge of the
municipal affairs of the city, until superseded by the first election
to be held in this city:
Mayor, Jedediah M. Grant.
Aldermen, Nathaniel H. Felt, Wm. Snow, Jesse P. Harmon,
Nathaniel V. Jones.
Councilmen, Vincent Shurtliff, Benjamin L. Clapp, Zera Pulsi
pher, William G. Perkins, Harrison Burgess, Jeter Clinton, John
L. Dunyon, Samuel W. Eichards.
City Recorder, Robert Campbell.
City Marshal, Assessor and Collector, Elam Luddington.
To the newly organized city officials who met in the State

MAYORS OF SALT LAKE CITY, 1886-1907
Francis Armstrong George M. Scott
R. N. Baskin Ezra Thompson James Glendinning
John Clark Richard P. Morris

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 19
House of Great Salt Lake City, January 11, 1851, the Governor
made the following address :
"You now have been sworn to fulfill the duties of your of
fice ; the next thing will be to file your bonds, then attend to such
business as shall be for the welfare of the city. You will have to
regulate markets; keep streets clean ;* remove nuisances; you
will want a city police, city inspectors, and you will appoint the
different officers who will see to the cleanliness of the city. The
municipal council will meet in every month, and the city council
as often as necessary."
Daniel H. Wells, Attorney- General of the state, addressed
the council and said: "I am very glad that the city council is
now organized. I hope to see the officers proceed in seeing that
the original design of beautifying the city, by planting trees in
the streets is carried out, and that the water is carried into its
proper channels and not run down the middle of the streets."
The Governor suggested to the city council to appoint a sup
ervisor of streets and levy a tax forthwith, and said to the coun
cil: "You will attend to the duties of your office in this time
and receive your pay in the next time ; but as aldermen and
magistrates they will receive their fees ; " he wished them to coun
sel the Saints not to go to law one with another.
The Mayor, Jedediah M. Grant, said: "I am on hand to do
what good I can, and the council have similar feelings. In my
opinion it should be the pride of this City Council to De men of
piety, and men that will do their duty, and have a pride in it.
We shall work for the welfare of the people, as we have the li
cense to do all the good we can. We should move what nuisances
there may be in the city. We should be constantly awake to the
interests of the city, have as little law as possible, and attend
to peace and good order, and as we know what is right have the
firmness to do it."
In April, 1851, the first municipal election for the city was
held as provided by the charter, and the following officers were
returned :
Mayor — Jedediah M. Grant. Aldermen — Jesse P. Harmon,
first ward; N. V. Jones, second ward; Nathaniel H. Felt, third
ward ; William Snow, fourth ward. Councilors — Lewis Robinson,
Robert Pierce, Zera Pulsipher, Wm. G. Perkins, Jeter Clinton,
Enoch Reese, Harrison Burgess, Samuel W. Richards, Vincent
Shurtliff. With this election the city had a complete municipal organiza
tion by its charter, which became in full power with the Act
of Congress granting to Utah a Territorial Government, on Sept.
9, 1850. The term of office held by the elected officers was for
two years, and from the above date at the municipal elections the
following citizens have been chosen to the Mayoralty :

g^y^

A -

111 -, ,

Ogden Bridge at Weber River. Arrival of the first locomotive
which entered Salt Lake City, 1871
Exhibits, in Salt Lake City, of the first Bullion produced in Utah,
1871, by Woodhull Brothers, at Gordon's Big Cottonwood
SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 21
Roster of Salt Lake City's Mayors.
(See Photographs on pages 16 and 18.)
Jedediah M. Grant  1851 to 1856
Abraham O. Smoot  1857 to 1866
Daniel H. Wells  1866 to 1876
Feramorz Little  .1876 to 1882
William Jennings  1882 to 1884
James Sharp  1884 to 1886
Francis Armstrong  1886 to 1890
George M. Scott  1890 to 1892
R. N. Baskin  1892 to 1896
James Glendinning  1896 to 1898
John Clark  1898 to 1900
Ezra Thompson  1900 to 1904
Richard P. Morris  1904 to 1906
Ezra Thompson  1906 to 1908
John S. Bransford (See photo, p. 30.). 1908 to 
During the past period of fifty-seven years, since the city
received its charter, its administration has generally been marked
with a conservative policy in its financial and general affairs.
With this the city has maintained a healthy and steady advance
ment in all departments of industry, commerce and general de
velopment. Notwithstanding that differences of opinion in the com
munity have existed on local issues, there has still been manifest
ed a mutual feeling for progress and a general interest in up
building and promoting the good of the city, with all things per
taining to it. The growth is healthy and the antagonism is de
clining. Era of Growth and Progress.
The era of growth and progressiveness of our eit3r and state
took a more rapid and gigantic stride with the advent of the
railroads which brought them into closer touch with the world of
industry and commerce.
To the same situation may also be attributed the opening of
our mines, which gave at once a new impetus to our local in
dustry. The completion of the Union Pacific road gave the city
an opening for better facilities for importations and exporta-
tions of products within its field of industry and commerce. This
with the operations of the mines brought capital here and put

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THE NEW JOINT CITY AND COUNTY BUILDING. Cost $1,000,000

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 23
money in circulation, which agencies gave birth to the great ad
vancement now possessed.
Previous to that era Utah was but as a colony settled by
pilgrims from various parts of our country and other nations,
who had come to find a place of refuge and to establish a gather
ing place for the followers of their faith. Notwithstanding they
had a territorial form of government, the main industry in those
early days was their attention to the tilling of the soil and their
domestic occupations. Commerce was mainly carried on by trad
ing, while merchandising was in its infancy and commodities
existed only as to domestic needs, still, the people of the state
as a whole felt content and were prosperous in their fields of
occupation, being hardened to their struggles against the many
odds that met them.
We will leave the history of the Pioneers' toils and labor,
and turn to the continued work and energy displayed by the
settlers of later years in bringing the deseret to blossom, by
turning the dry and sunburned fields into orchards and farms,
while in the valleys, villages and cities sprang up, in every quarter
of the state.
¦ With this synopsis given of the past, the reader may better
imagine the grand transformation that is unfolded to the eye
today, and thus grasp with better comprehension the growth
and status of the city and state. While attention is drawn to
Salt Lake City as the capital of Utah, it should also be understood
that the hundreds of other cities and towns within the boundaries
of the state are also closely following the lead of the greater mun-
cipality and are making onward strides in every direction of
modern advancement.
In starting out with our readers to look over the situation, we
will first turn their attention to our municipal administration and
its departments and follow up the progress of industry and gen
eral developments of the city ; and in so doing the author is only
presenting such facts and figures as have been obtained from
authentic sources and by personal inquiry from the heads or
authority in possession of such information that are of public
interest and concern. City and County Building.
It is with pride the citizens of Salt Lake City point to the
magnificent structure known as the City and County building,
which looms up as a central figure. This imposing edifice is
original in design. Messrs. Monheim, Bird and Proudford were
the architects and J. H. Bowman the contractor. It is built
of grey sandstone cut with rough surface. The stone was quar
ried in a canyon of Utah county.
After an expenditure of $25,000.00 for excavating and foun-

COUNCIL CHAMBER OF SALT LAKE CITY COUNCIL
This Hall has a floor space of 2,400-feet, and it is richly furnished and decorated in the style of our modern legislative halls

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 25
dation for the building on the corner of First South and State
streets, various objections arose as to the smallness of the lot
and unfavorable location ; so it was decided to erect the building
on its present site, which was formerly known as Wasnington
square. Salt Lake County, which also at this time was in need' of a
place of better and larger capacity for its constantly increasing
business, joined- with the city in an agreement for erecting the
present joint building.
The ground was broken on October 12th, 1891, and the
corner-stone was laid on the 25th day of July, 1892, under the
auspices of the Masonic fraternity, Mr. W. H. Shilling, the Grand
Master of this order; R. N. Baskin, Mayor of the city, and Judge
Jacob B. Blair, presiding head of the county.
Following is a description of this splendid ' structure :
Area of ground occupied by the foundation, 31,150 square
feet ; height of main walls, 72 feet ; length, 271 feet ; width, 150
feet. It has five floors, including basement; four entrances; 495
windows, and a dome reaching 260 feet above the basement floor.
On top of the dome stands a large figure representing the
statue of Columbia. A statue is also placed above each entrance.
On the east and west entrance is the statue of Commerce ; north,
statue of Liberty, and above the south entrance is the statiie of
Justice. Inside the dome is the clock work, which is a masterly
piece of mechanism, costing $1,800. Around this dome on the
outside are balconies from which is obtained a magnificent view
of the, city and the whole valley of Salt Lake ; also the water of
the Great Salt Lake, a distance of 14 miles, is seen from the
west side. The interior of this building is^elegantly finished, its
walls being lined with Utah onyx, and the large lobbies having
tile flooring. In the basement are twenty-three rooms and six
vaults. The first floor has twenty-one rooms ; the second floor
twenty-four rooms, and other compartments ; third floor, twenty-
one rooms, and the fourth floor twelve rooms.
The north half of the building is occupied by the city officials
and various city departments. The south half of the building is
occupied by the county and state courts and executive officers of
the state. The building is provided with elevator service of the
best modern construction, which cost $6,000, also fire-proof
vaults costing $18,000.
The structure was completed in the fall of 1894 at an actual
cost of $884,400 without the ground, the estimated value of which
at that time was $250,000. The ten acres of ground which the
building stands in the center of is artistically parked with orna
mental shade trees, shrubs, hedges and flower beds of various de
signs. The contract for this parking was awarded to Martin
Christofferson, a Norwegian gardener, who performed the work at

PRESIDENT AND MEMBERS OF SALT LAKE CITY COUNCIL, 1906-1908
Thomas Hobday C. J. Crabtree L. D. Martin
President, Arthur J. Davis
J. H. Preece A. R. Carter E. G. O'Donnell
(See also page 28

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 27
a cost of $20,000. In connection with the building on its east side
street was built a power house at a cost of $21,000, which furn
ishes the heat and light to the building led through a conduit of
masonry six hundred feet long.
In the City and County building is located the following
city officers, or municipal departments : Mayor, recorder, attorneyj
auditor, treasurer, city council, engineer, superintendent of streets
and irrigation, superintendent of water works, land and water
commissioner, board of park commission, superintendent of city
parks, building inspector, health commissioner, board of health,
board of public works, food inspector, plumbing inspector, humane
officer, city judge (civil division).
The City Council.
The city council of Salt Lake City is an elective body of
fifteen members, chosen biennially from the five municipal wards
or districts of the city. The body that is represented by
the accompanying illustration to this article, was elected on the
second Tuesday of November, 1905, and took their seats on the
first day of January, 1906, with the exception of those who hold
over on the four years' term, as each election of members of
the council is for two or four years' terms. After the installation
of the council, a president is chosen, who, in turn, appoints the
membership to the various committees, whose duty is to act upon
all matters referred to them, which may come before the council
for action, previous to the final action of the council. No action
of the councilmen is final; it must receive the approval and signa
ture of the mayor, to become an enactment ; he also holds the veto
power over the measures passed by the council, and the veto can
only be overcome except by a two-thirds vote of the council. The
interest and general welfare of the citizens, the community, as
well as the general administration of the city, are in a great
measure in the hands of the council, hence, this function of that
office is a matter of vital interest to the people of the city. "A
public office is a public trust," and in this respect the city legis
lators are important factors in the administration of the city's
affairs. The present administration has been one of marked success
in regard to the execution of our municipal laws, betterment in
the municipal departments, the advancement of public improve
ments and the general upbuilding of the city.
The growth of Salt Lake City is one of stability and health
ful assurance of its future greatness ; conservative and deliberate
moves mark every undertaking of interest and public concern.
On August 6th, 1907, the following resignation by Mayor
Ezra Thompson was presented to the city council, which after de
liberation of that body was finally accepted :

MEMBERS OF SALT LAKE CITY COUNCIL 1906-1908

A. F. Barnes
John Holley
W. J. Tuddenham

F. S. Fern strom
W. M. Ferry Rulon S. Wells
T. R. Black M. E. Mulvey

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 29
LETTER OF RESIGNATION. August 2, 1907.
To the Honorable, the President and Members of the City Council:
Gentlemen — I hereby tender my resignation as mayor of Salt
Lake City, Utah, same to take effect August 12, ] 907. My reasons
for so doing are :
At present, and for the past few months, my health has been
very much impaired, and I feel that in justice to myself and for
the benefit of my health I should leave the city for a time.
I do not desire to hamper the administration by holding the
office of mayor and not being in the city to give the same the
attention that it requires.
I desire at this time to express my sincere appreciation for
the many courtesies extended me by your honorable body, the
heads of the various departments, and other employes of the city.
Respectfully submitted,
(Signed) • Ezra Thompson, Mayor.
This resignation of Mayor Thompson, who had served the
city in this capacity for three elective terms, gave no little sur
prise to our citizens, who were not fully aware of his failing
health, hence, much speculation arose as to the man who would
succeed to the important ' office which had been so ably filled by
Mayor Thompson. The duty of electing a new mayor, for the
unexpired term of Mayor Thompson, rested with the city council,
to which several names of our prominent and enterprising cit
izens had been presented ; and after much deliberation as to the
best qualified citizen, the name of John S. Bransford was finally
accepted and he was unanimously elected. At once the council,
in a body, repaired to the residence of Mr. Bransford to notify
him of his election, where he qualified, took the oath of office and
became mayor of the city on the 13th day of August, 1907.
Following is a synopsis of -Mr. Bransford 's career:
John S. Bransford was born in Missouri, August 'Z6, 1856. His
father's people brought him across the plains in ox teams with
them, and went to California. When he was 20 years old he en
tered the merchandise, business in Plumas county, California. In
1886 he was elected assessor of the county and served until 1890,
when he was elected sheriff, serving three terms. He ran on the
Democratic ticket each time. In 1889 he came to Salt Lake and
invested in mining stocks and real estate. In 1900 he was elected
president of the Salt Lake Stock and Mining Exchange. He built
the Bransford apartments, bought the Amelia palace for Mrs.
Holmes, and at one time owned the Eighteenth ward square. He
also owned other residence and business property.
He became associated with David Keith and Thomas Kearns

JOHN S. BRANSFORD, Mayor
Salt Lake City

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 31
in mining ventures, and is now vice president of the Silver King
mine, out of which Mr. Kearns amassed a great fortune. He is a
modest, unassuming man and numbers among his friends the most
prominent men of Salt Lake. Nationally, he is a Democrat, but
has affiliated with the American party, which made him mayor.
John S. Bransford Taking Office of Mayor.
Mr. Bransford accepted his election with the following sig
nificant statement to the council:
"This is an honor I was hardly looking for. All that I can
say is that I accept with the greatest of gratitude to you all. I
will endeavor to assume the duties of mayor and conduct that
office in the best possible way I know how. I believe in a progress
ive administration. I believe we have the greatest city in the
intermountain country. A good foundation for a good city has
been laid. During the short time I hold this office I will give it
my undivided attention, and I thank you a thousand times for
this honor. ' '
City Recorder J. B. Moreton handed him the bond, which he
signed, and then administered the oath of office.
Councilman Fernstrom, on behalf of the minority, congrat
ulated the new mayor, and pledged loyal support. Chairman J. E.
Darmer, of the American party committee, congratulated the new
mayor and pledged him the co-operation of the party. Similar
speeches were made by the rest of the city councilmen and some
of the heads of departments.
"It is a pleasure to hear of these pledges of support," said
Mayor Bransford in reply. "I will say that I am not familiar
with the details of the city government, and will have to depend
upon you to get me started off right. This city needs additional
extensions of water, sewers, sidewalks and paved streets, and in
the past year or two it has been getting them — a continuation will
be my policy."
The election of Mr. Bransford met with general approval from
our citizens, as he was well known to be a man of great ability
and in full touch with our up-to-date progressiveness. His record
is an assurance that much good will be accomplished in the in
terest of our city and community from his service.
At the municipal election held November 5th, 1907, he was
again elected to fill the important office of mayor of Salt Lake
City for the term of two years.

HEADQUARTERS OF SALT LAKE CITY POLICE DEPARTMENT
^ "Promoters of peace and good order"

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

33

Police Department,
For protection to life and property and the maintenance of
peace and good order in the community, the police department
is a most important factor. The important duty and individual
risks these minute men have to render in their services to the
community is not in many instances given a full measure of ap
preciation by the less thoughtful citizens whom they serve.
Nevertheless, to this department is due much credit for all the
restrictions of evil and maintenance of good order which we
enjoy. The police department of Salt Lake City is an up-to-date or
ganization in every respect. The present police force consists
of sixty-nine men, including twenty-six officers.
Strict attention has been given by the department to the
enforcement of the ordinances' of the city, those regulating the
moral and material interests of the community, and in the per
formance of this duty there has been little occasion for criticism.
The police have received every needful attention for better
ment by our municipal administration, and rules and regula-

AN INTERIOR SECTION OF OUR CITY JAIL
For Keepsakes: — One of Our Municipal Safety Boxes and Tempered
Turn-Key.

IMAGINATION:
Had a Dandy Time. Feel fine, off for Home, hie! Police and Intoxicant
Marching the Streets to City Bastile, as Seen in By-Gone Days or Nights.

Appreciation: — Vagrant: This was the finest ride I ever had. Thanks!
One of Our Up-to-Date Patrol Wagons Used for Rapid Transit Service.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 35
tions given after the pattern of other large municipalities of this
country. In 1890 the department was reorganized. In 1888 the
police commenced to appear in uniform. The detective depart
ment is also rendering valuable service to the community and
these departments have on record many gallant and thrilling ex
periences, performed against the criminal classes of people, which
for risk and bravery in captures and arrests of criminals would
be an honor and credit in the history of any police department
of our country. The general cost to the city for maintenance
for the past year, 1907, of the police and prison department, was
$76,160.87.

Prison Department.

The present city jail, which was built in 1903, at a cost of
$40,000, by the Van Dorn Jail Manufacturing company, of Cleve
land, Ohio, is located with the police department. It consists
of a two story brick building and rock basement, while the in
terior construction is of modern and up-to-date capacity for im
prisonments. The cells, which vary in size and capacity, are con
structed with steel bars and doors, etc., which make efforts of es
cape or jailbreak look to the ordinary eye to be absolutely
futile, while to present date no sign of attempt has been
seen. It has a capacity for forty-eight adult and twenty juvenile
prisoners, also compartments for the different officers in charge
of the prison, and it also is provided with all necessary appliances
for sanitary requirements. The treatment and attention given
the prisoners is in all respects without exception, in accordance
with the general rule and regulations for such institutions. The
provisions furnished the inmates are also of the best and most
wholesome substance and no complaint has come to public notice
in such respect.
Following statements gives the data of the criminal docket
of our police department for the past five years :
1904— Total arrests  3,801
Males  1,024
Juveniles, 10-20  413
1905— Total arrests  4.619
males  3,465

36 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Females   3,154
Juveniles  465
1906— Arrests'  4,826
Males  3,312
Females  1,514
Juveniles  375
1907— Arrests  4,458
Males  3,402
Females  1,726
Juveniles  330
3908— Arrests  4,307
Males  3,018
Females  1,289
Juveniles  330
The following roster represents the citizens who
have held the appointed office of chief for the police depart
ment since its reorganization in 1890, when the municipal
election resulted in a political change of the administration and
the non-Mormon faction had the control of the city's affairs (prev
ious to this reorganization of the department a city marshal
officiated as head of this body of city guards) :
John M. Young  1890-1892
E. M. Janney  1892, resigned
Samuel Paul  1892-1894
Arthur Pratt  1894-1898
Thomas H. Hilton  1898-
Samuel Paul, second appointment .... 1898-1901
William J. Lynch  1903-1906
George A. Sheets  1906-7, resigned
Roderick McKenzie  1907, resigned
Tom D. Pitt  1907-1908
Samuel M. Barlow  1908-

A Stray Sheep in Society — Dialogue in a Court-Room.
The police court is often the scene of witnessing the various
types and characteristics of degraded personalities, eliciting
both grief and laughter in listening to the many tales and stor
ies that come from those who have found their way into the
slums. The following is an example of some of the proceedings'
which frequently are heard in these courts:

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

Judge : — What is your full name ?
Vagrant : — Full, h 'm, never was in
sulted to take a smile in all my days.
Judge: — You don't seem to under
stand me.
Vag: — Not so very convenient, sir.
Judge: — I want to know your
name in full?
Vag: — It may perhaps spoil my
fame. Judge: — What is your fame?
Vag: — The expert air-breather.
Judge : — Can you exist on that vo
cation ?
Vag : — Partly.
Judge : — How do you make up for
the other part for a living?
Vag: — H'm, easy; me do little fish
ing. Judge: — You are charged with
vagrancy. What is your plea?
Vag: — It may depend on what
there will be in it.
Judge : — I want you to plead guilty
or not. Vag: — I am just figuring it out.
Judge : — What is your plea?
Vag: — Guess I'm guilty if it helps me out.
Judge : — Are you married or single ?
Vag : — Neither.
Judge : — How do you explain yourself ?
Vag: — Well, it stands this way: When we meet to talk the
matter over — how it may be — she hangs on to spell it no, and me
praysistently wants it yes, so it is neither way dun up. Oh, if
it was over !
Judge: — How old are you?
Vag: — H'm, me not old, young chip yet.
Judge: — When were you born?
Vag : — When the trouble began — O jingo !
Judge : — You are fined thirty dollars or thirty days in jail.
Vag: — Gess it don't matter, me take the time, no dough,
but  Judge : — But what ?
Vag: — But you gave me thirty days lookout last time; yon
did not fix with this prescription.
Judge : — Will you make me a promise ?
Vag : — Two, if it helps me out.

^¦"^vH^^H Sw.^.

38 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Judge: — Will you go to work, and be decent in society?
Vag: — Just what me was goin' to promise.
Judge: — Sentence is suspended, but don't come here again.
Vag: — Never, unless invited. Me soon fix a new quarter.
Durn this inf earansing !

A Tribute to Salt Lake Veteran Volunteer Fire Department.
The Volunteer fire department's record dates back to the
year 1853, when it became an organized body, with Jesse C. Lit
tle as head or chief. It was organized for the noble object of
giving its voluntary aid, in case of fires, to the citizens of the
community. This fire department was a beneficial agency not
only in the hour of peril, but also in the way of safety and sani
tary work for the city. The continued increase of its members
made it necessary to be formed into several companies, who
were well disciplined for active service to cope with the situa
tion when a fire alarm was given.
During a period of thirty years this department has in its
active service done many noble and gallant deeds which will
remain to their credit and the appreciation of a thankful com
munity. Following are the names of those who have acted as

Miss Emma Warburton-Paul.

chiefs of this department: Jesse C. Little, John D. McAllister,
Chas. M. Donelson and Geo. M. Ottinger, who was chief from
1876 until the city fathers organized a paid fire department in

George M. Ottinger, the Veteran Fire
Chief of Salt Lake City Volunteer
and Paid Fire Department.

1-3

l>

Si
ahi
W MHSii-3

Hall of Salt Lake City Veteran Volunteer Fire Department Association.

CO

40

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

1883, when Mr. Ottinger was elected to the office of chief and
held the position until 1890.
The remnant of Salt Lake City's old volunteer fire depart
ment has gradually diminished in number, and those who are
still able to answer to the roll-calls at the meetings of the as
sociation show the continued falling off.
The present number of members is about 100 against 350
men who once appeared on the rolls of the different com
panies. At their hall, which was built in 1901 by donations or
contributions from our generous busines men and citizens, are
interesting and historical paraphernalia in the way of pictures,
apparatus, uniforms and other equipments used in active serv
ice in by-gone days, which now serve as momentoes and orna
ments, that make their hall a veritable museum.
Events and episodes experienced by these old fire-fighters
during their long and active service are many and some of a
very interesting character. Those who still recollect the old
days, when they may have seen this department running to a
fire and pulling their apparatus through the streets in all kinds
of weather and rough roads, up hill or down, at all the speed and
strength at their command, must now hail with welcome the day
of deserved rest for the gallant veterans.
From the record of this department is a singular data to be
noticed, when the fire laddies had occasion to enroll for hon
orary membership in the department a young lady by the name
of Miss Emma Warburton. This act was done in recognition of
her courtious example and public-spirited kindness on the occa
sion of a fire in the southeastern part of the city. Having at
tended to this fire, which was left and considered safe, and the
men were returning to their homes, a second alarm was turned in
mst at the time one of the officers entered his door. This meant
to him to make a second trip with all the speed he could com
mand, to the same locality, a distance of about two miles, where
it had gained a fresh start. Thus running, almost breathless and
worn out from his first exertion, it happened on the road he was
running that the young lady, who was in a buggy with her escort
leady for a ride, noticed the fireman on his way and at once sur
rendered her seat to the officer, asking her escort to take him
to the place of fire. This genial courtesy of the lady was the
occasion for recognition, more so as she was a stranger to the
man, and on a later occasion, at one of the socials of the depart
ment, when she happened to be present, she was then and there
unanimously voted and installed an honorary member, and a
silver badge of the department placed upon her. Her picture
has become an ornament on the walls of their hall for remem
brance and later she became more firmly affiliated by uniting her
self in marriage with one of their highly respected and efficient
members.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 41
The Present Fire Department.
The fire department of Salt Lake City is in no way behind
the times as to efficiency and modern equipment. With head
quarters located near the center of the business part of town,
and three additional stations in the residence quarters, they are
well equipped with the latest designs of modern appliances,
which, in case of fire, are maneuvered by well trained and com
petent firemen, of whom many have been in the service of the
department from ten to twenty years and over. Notwithstand
ing the large area of ground covered by the city the department
reaches scenes of fire in the outskirts of the city, a distance of
two or three miles from its headquarters, in a few minutes after
receiving the alarm.
The present fire department of the city was organized into
a paid department in 1883, from the old volunteer fire depart
ment, which, after thirty years ' service on a voluntary basis,
gave the citizens of Salt Lake City their best attention in case of
fire, but the times then called for a regular paid department un
der the municipal administration, which from that time on has
been on a constant growth in receiving all modern appliances
and equipments, as- well as an up-to-date organization in all re
spects. Among its general equipments the department is fur
nished with four hose wagons, one chemical, one Segraves aerial
truck, two city trucks, one extra first metropolitan steam engine
(costing $6,000); two Silsby steam engines, 1,400 feet of hose,
thirty head of horses, seventy-one alarm boxes and fifteen hun
dred fire hydrants. This, with an ample supply of water, places
the department in a possition to cope with any fire.
i The department has a total of sixty-four men, including
eleven officers, who conduct the business in a manner to the
entire satisfaction "and approvalof the community. Total cost
for general maintainance of the fire department for 1907 was
$71,171.22. The present fire department has received merited atten
tion by our municipal government and been amply provided
with equipment to cope with disasters by fire in the city. An
inquiry of the officers of this department as to its present needs
of further improvements and additional equipments to meet our
growing population and increased risk elicited the following
statement in reply: The city in the past two years has in
creased in building properties to an approximate valuation of
$8 000,000, and for this and other reasons the department is in
need of more men, one more hose wagon for emergency service,
a water tower and about 3,000 feet of hose ; also a fully equipped
station in the southwestern part of the -city.

HEADQUARTERS OF SALT LAKE CITY FIRE DEPARTMENT
A PART OF ITS APPARATUS AND GENERAL EQUIPMENTS

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

43

Comparative statement of losses by fire for the past five
years, 1904-1908:

Insurance
involved.
Property
involved .
Popula-

Average
loss
per
alarm. ..
Losses
over in
surance. .
Actual
losses. ...

1904 ...
1905 ...
1906 ...
1907 ...
1908 ...

91,195
90,967 96,726
105,122 112,346

202
263237314 389

$3,077,677 2,527,0702,233,8403,323,4354,736,225

$1,565,400 1,148,3 30
1,192,2621,505,4 56
2,208,815

$30,474.74 48,100.05 48,594.06 74,639.76
57,280.28

$ 41,170.74 84,125.05 60,293.60
132,363.06 66,834.78

$10,696.00 35,063.00 11,699.5463,322.30 9,554.50

$203.89 319.86254.48421.53171.81

Following are the chiefs who have been at the head of this
department since its organization under the municipal control:
George M. Ottinger  .1883-1890
Chas. E. Stanton (Sec.)  1890-1894
James Devine  1894-1904
William H. Bywater  1904-1906
Charles T. Vail  1906-1908
William T. Aylund  1908— acting chief
William H. Glore  Aug. 3, 1908

A SCENE OF OUR FIRE FIGHTERS' TASK TO BATTLE THIS
DESTRUCTIVE ELEMENT IN BY-GONE DAYS.

44

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

EFFICIENCY:
Our Labor is Best Appreciated in Hot Quarters. One of Our Modern
Fire Extinguishers, Which Stands Ready for Service on a
Second's Notice. Cost $6,000.

WILLIAM H. GLORE
Chief of Fire Department.

SAMUEL M. BARLOW,
Chief of Police Department,

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 45
WATER DEPARTMENT.
Our water department, and especially the water supply it
controls, is something the community, in our day, can rightfully
boast of, both as to quality as well as quantity. The water ques
tion in Salt Lake City has for years in the past been a problem
of the gravest importance, as the community has rapidly been
growing in population, while its water supply was very much
limited for the increasing demand. Every source and means have
from time to time been utilized for the purpose of increasing the
available water volume and large sums of money have been
expended in various directions to meet the issue. That the time
is past when our water question was a political issue in our local
campaigns and is solely a matter of general recognition is also a
great relief to the community.
From a water supply of 10,000,000 to 12,000,000 gallons per
day, our supply at present time reaches from 30,000,000 to 45,-
000,000 gallons per day. The daily consumption is 16,000,000
gallons, which leaves a large surplus. As the quality and quantity
of water is a vital question in every community that exists, its
possession is an important topic to both old and new settlers,
hence, our community can truly say that in this respect we are
well situated and no matter how large our floating population in
Salt Lake City may be, they can all be treated to a good drink
while they stay.
Without good water in a community, the temperance ques
tion has small prospects; with it, intemperance loses ground,
hence the small capacity of space our municipality has pro
vided for storing intoxicants. Even our few destructive fires
and the insurance rates on our premises speak well for Salt
Lake's water supply. In the past few years an expenditure of
about $1,000,000 has been made for improvements and purchase
of water rights from adjoining settlements, which have so ma
terially improved the water works system that today it will be
hard to find its equal near or far off in our country.
The estimated valuation of Salt Lake City's water works
system in 1907 was $5,559,450.84.
Revenue to the city from water rates for 1907 was $218,-
766.09. The cost of maintenance for the same year amounted to
$88,248.70.

View of Temple Block, Containing the Famous Mormon T emple, Tabernacle and Assembly Hall. Area of the Temple
Block Is Ten Acres.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 47
CHURCHES

The Mormon Church,
'T'HE Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, which is
*¦ commonly called the Mormon church, is the predominating
organized body of worshipers of our city and state.
Nothing could be referred to in this article, as to the doc
trines, faith and organization of this church and its various es
tablishments of social and ecclesiatical affairs, which is not already
known and previously published as information to the world by
missionaries of the church, as well as its numerous publications
which have been spread to all nations of the civilized world;
hence a repetition of such matters will, for this reason, be omitted
from this work, and only such matters in that connection as
have contributed to the interest and common welfare of our city
and the community at large will be given space.
Loyalty and devotion are not empty words with the Mor
mons; in fact they are the fundamental principles engrafted by
their faith upon the mind and heart. Their integrity, energy
and industry, which are plainly observed in their every day works
of life, have been praised by friend or foe, both near and far,
who have become connected in any transactions with them or
their institutions. From the very first day of the Mormons' ad
vent into Utah they have been rearing the monuments which
today are seen on every hand, in a substantial and enduring
form. It is an honor richly due the Mormon church that can not
be denied it by any individual, society or organized body within
our community, no matter what differences otherwise may be, and
all are willing to give due credit to the Mormons for being true
and faithful in their various callings. The attentions which the
Mormons receive from the outside world are due to their peculiar
organization, their faith and social achievements. As a church the
Mormons are united and have power to cope with every issue and
undertaking that may come before them. They have thus es
tablished their institutions, erected temples and places of wor
ship, organized societies for educational and religious trainings,
established schools, hospitals and charitable institutions, on every
hand carefully surveying the field for introduction and operation
of improvement to individual as well as collective bodies of wor
shipers of their faith. In this respect the auxiliary organiza
tions of the church are a fitting representation of its aims, not
only in cultivating faith and religious devotion but also the in
tellectual aspirations that go to the making up of good and use
ful citizens of the community. They have a well organized sys
tem of Sunday schools conducted by a force of officers and teach-

48

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

ers throughout the city and state numbering a total of 15,730, with
an enrollment of 103,112 Sunday school children, also a young
men's mutual improvement association with an enrollment of
33,617 members, a young ladies' improvement association
with an enrollment of 35,745 members. Finally, relief so
cieties with a membership of 35,000. These, with a number
of other organizations of various kinds form a combined factor
in promoting both the spiritual and temporal interests of the
members, and the general progressiveness of the church. As
head of the entire church Joseph F. Smith, together with his
two counselors, John R. Winder and Anthor H. Lund, constitute
its first presidency, the former being the sixth president in the
history of the church to present date, to which office he was
chosen on the 17th day of October, 1901.

The First_Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. These are the Sixth
Representative Heads of the Mormon Church Since its Organization

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

49

THE GRAND ORGAN OF THE LARGE
MORMON TABERNACLE

Catholic Church.
The growth and progress of the Catholic church from its ad
vent here in the early '70s is in itself a conspicuous chapter of our
ecclesiastical history. In it many interesting and notable events
may be written, as to the works of the church and its mission
among our fellow beings in administering spiritual and temporal
aid, uplifting and comforting the needy in various ways, and

50

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

¦ >iiuu}_mi]iifirT^Tiiii{m)iimFiirF'i''''''''1' ¦,,u~~:;'1iniii.l.',':'Trfi
THE CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 51
legion are they who have received benevolent draughts from this
fountain. From Rev. E. Kelly, who was appointed the first resident
pastor of the territory of Utah for the church, down to Rt. Rev.
Bishop Laurence Scanlan, who stands at the head of the Diocese
of Salt Lake, an untiring zeal and unceasing labor have been man
ifested in the upbuilding of the church and its many charitable
institutions, which are monuments of their faith and devotion that
will stand for generations to come.
In August, 1873, Father Walsh was succeeded by Father
Scanlan, who has made a record and a name that are interwoven
with the history of our entire state.
Briefly summarized, since Bishop Scanlan took charge of
Catholic interests in Utah in 1873, under his guidance and imme
diate supervison twelve churches have been built. He was the
founder of four hospitals, two boarding academies for young la
dies, one college, seven parochial schools, one orphanage, and a
home for aged miners. These, with the new Cathedral, which is
the finest and most substantial Catholic edifice in the west, occu
pies one of the most desirable sites in Salt Lake City. It is
shown that Catholics in Salt Lake have the most numerous edu
cational and charitable institutions in the city outside of the
Mormon church. In all his works Bishop Scanlan was encour
aged and often substantially aided by all classes, whilst his con
servative and prudent course has won for him the esteem and
good will of all who know him. He is in truth a goodly man, say
we all. The Catholic Cathedral.
Next to the famous Morman Temple among church edifices
in Salt Lake, is the Cathedral, which is an attractive and impos
ing structure both as to exterior and interior of its construction,
which have required an expenditure of $350,000.00. For a de
tailed statement of its construction and attractive features the
following data has been kindly furnished by Bishop Scanlan,
whose ardious labor has supervised the erection from its start
ing point, and will do so until its final dedication, which in all
probability will take place with imposing ceremony about
May, 1909. The ground for this edifice was broken on the
Fourth of July, 1899. Its location is three blocks directly east
of the Temple, at the corner of South Temple and B street, giv
ing this edifice a prominent and conspicuous position from all
parts of the city and the valley of Salt Lake. The building ma
terial used for the walls and its two towers is of kyune, a gray
sandstone; the walls have an inside brick lining that have re
quired a total of half a million bricks. The outside dimensions
of the Cathedral are : Length 200 feet, width 100 feet, elevation

52 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
of main walls 100 feet, the elevation of the towers being 175
feet from the ground. At the facade is built a large durable
staircase for entrance occupying a ground space of 40x100 feet
built of similar stone as the main building, which, with its
massive construction and conveniences for entrances and exits,
adds to the substantial character of the whole structure.
Immediately above the entrance of the imposing front doors is
observed a representation of the crucifixion, which has been chis
eled or carved in the massive stone wall. Upon entering the
auditorium or interior of the cathedral, an imposing and inspir
ing scene meets the eye as it glances over the construction and
decorations of this spacious assembly room, which has a length
of 175 feet, width 80 feet, heighth of ceiling 65 feet, receiving its
light from fifteen large and magnificent windows, which were
imported from Munich, Bavaria, and are of stained glass, at an
aggregate cost of $20,000. Two of these large windows (each 23x
36 feet) as seen on the east and west transepts, cost alone $8,000
and are a contribution to this edifice from Mrs. Mary Judge. All
of these windows have representative figures of biblical origin,
which with its bright and different colors gives a most effective
and impressive illustration to the eye and mind. When the sun
strikes upon these glass windows it gives their colors a most
brilliant and beautiful reflection. At the north end of the
auditorium are the altars, three in number, which give a most
solemn and inspiring appearance to the sanctuary. The orna
mental and constructive workmanship of these altars evidences
a high degree of art and mastership on the part of their makers,
the firm of Sigeri & Berneces of Carrara, Italy, and are of
pure white Carrara marble, the finest and purest known in the
world, at a cost of $10,000. Adding to the impressiveness of this
temple of worship, is observed on the east and west walls four
teen pictorial marbles representing the Sacrifice, the saving
of human souls. These pieces of sculpture are in life colors, rep
resenting fourteen stations of the cross, the scriptural account
of the Savior taken to the scene of crucifixion. These were made
at and imported from Munich, Bavaria, at a cost of $2,000. The
designs and representative illustrations of the event are so natur
ally portrayed that they can not be seen without a most reveren
tial feeling and profound emotion, whosoever takes a look on
them and reflects on the real event which history and ages never
can erase from the human mind.
The grand organ is another important feature in the com
pletion of this house of worship, this to furnish the inspiring
tones that shall add to the impressiveness of service and gratitifi-
cation of the worshipers. In order that the musical part of the
service shall not be lacking the best of instrumental tones, the

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 53
order for this organ went to the well known organ builders, W.
W. Kimball & Co. of Chicago, and their name is a guarantee thai
its construction and musical feature is not excelled by any in
this part of the country, except by the grand organ at the Taber
nacle of the Mormon church, which is rated to be the second in
size and musical strength of any in our country. The cost of
the Cathedral organ, completed and set in the 'Cathedral, was
$9,000. The pews also add to the ornamental features as well as
comfort of the attendant worshipers and furnish a seating capac
ity for 1,200 persons.
The chandeliers around the pillars, walls and altars are
conspicuous' ornaments, adding to the decorative features of the
interior. From this not less than 300 gas and electric lights fur
nish illumination, when occasion so requires, at which time the
entire scene of the interior gives a magnificent luster and most
solemn appearance. The painting of the interior is also effective
and tasteful, materially adding to the dignity and general aspect
of this edifice. In connection with the auditorium for general
services, are two vestry rooms for use of the officiating priests
and also large and commodious vestibules at the entrance to the
church ; beneath is a large basement divided into several rooms
to be used for the various meetings and gatherings of the var
ious church societies, Sunday schools, etc., which complete the
interior apartments of the structure.
It may also be mentioned that this splendid building has been
erected and completed by local funds, contributed by our citizens
of Catholic faith and many others. Among the leading donors
were ex-Senator Thomas Kearns, Mrs. Mary Judge, W. S. Mc-
Cornick, O. J. Salisbury, David Keith, Alexander Tarbet, James
Ivers, J. W. Halloran, J. J. Daly, J. E. Dooly, John McSorley and
a large number of others whose contributions for this worthy ob
ject would also be mentioned if space permitted.

Other Edifices.
The Presbyterians' and Methodists have also just finished
large and magnificent structures for their services. These, and
the erection of the new Baptist church, which will be built at the
intersection of Fourth East and Second South streets during
this year, which promises to be of elegant architectural design,
all go to show the spirit and devotional offerings manifested by
the God-fearing citizens of our community.

>t-l-:

CDB

SOME OF SALT LAKE'S NEW CHURCH EDIFICES
First Presbyterian Church. 2. Home of Young Men's Christian Association. 3. First Methodist Church.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 55
Protestant Churches— The Presbyterian,
The Protestant churches, which are strongly repesented in
Salt Lake City and have established a permanent stay with their
mission, have since their advent into the city and state mani
fested zeal and earnest devotion in the upbuilding of their re
spective churches and charitable institutions. To enter into the
details of labor and achievements of the many different denom-
inatioss would require a volume in itself; sufficient to say that
attendance on their various places of worship evidences the spirit
ual and love inspiring devotion for the uplifting and betterment
of human nature and appeals to the soul's inner self to reach the
ideal pattern of Him who is the banner and symbol for all Chris
tian devotion.
The Presbyterian church in Utah, which is one of the old
est in the state, represents today sixty churches, sixty ministers,
3,334 communicants and 4,749 Sunday school attendants in the
Synod of Utah.
In Salt Lake City the Presbyterians have three churches,
six ministers, 925 communicants and 1,227 Sunday school at
tendants. Dr. W. M. Paden, who is the present pastor of the
First Presbyterian church, which office he has occupied for a
number of years. Recently the magnificent church of the First
Presbyterian was completed and dedicated in 1907, at a cost of
$190,000 in this city. Protestant Episcopal Church.
The Protestant Episcopal church was planted in Utah in
1867 by Bishop Tuttle. Its missionary labors have been extend
ed all over the state, where fourteen churches and missions have
been established. The church edifices and charitable institutions
erected in Salt Lake City by this church are the St. Mark's Ca
thedral, founded in 1869; St. Paul's church, which was built as
a memorial in 1880, and is under the care, of Rev. Charles E.
Perkins; also other mission chapels. St. Peter's and St. John's
include their houses of worship with about 750 communicants in
Salt Lake City. Rev. Benjamin Brewster is the present dean of
the St. Mark's church. Of their charitable institutions is the St.
Mark's hospital, which in prominence and importance stands as
a credit to its founder, its church and our city (a representative
picture of this hospital will be seen elsewhere in this book) .
Bishop Leonard's memorial nurses' home and the Rowland Hall
Academy are also important institutions that add to the inter
est of the community. In 1888 the Rt. Rev. Abiel Leonard be
came Bishop. He died in December, 1903, and the see is now in
charge of Rt. Rev. F. S. Spalding.

SALT LAKE CITY'S REPRESENTATIVE MINISTERS
1. Rt. Rev. F. S. Spalding, Bishop Episcopal Church. 2. Rt. Rev.
L. Scanlan Bishop Catholic Church. 3. Rev. Charles E. Perkins, Rec
tor St. Paul's Church (Episcopal). 4. Rev. Benjamin Young, Pastor
First Methodist Church, 5. Rev. R. G. McNeice, Dean Westminster
College. 6. Rev. Wm. M. Paden, Pastor First Presbyterian Church. 7.
Rev. Emanuel S. Rydberg, Pastor Swedish Evang. Zion's Church. 8.
Rev. Elmer I. Goshen, Pastor First Congregational Church. 9. Rev. D.
A. Brown, Pastor First Baptist Church. 10-11. Adjutants, Mr. and Mrs.
Geo. Plumsted, Salvation Army.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 57
Methodist Church.
The Methodist church, since the introduction of Methodism
into Utah in December, 1869, by Rev. Lewis Hartsough, has
proven to be in a prolific field for maturing the seed sown by the
Methodist faith, numerous churches and missions having
been established throughout the state. In Salt Lake City the
Methodists have five churches'. The First Methodist church
which was completed in 1907, at a cost of $90,000, is one of
the substantial pillars that betoken the devotional contributions
for houses of worship in our community. It was erected during
the time of Rev. Benjamin Young's charge of the mission, who
since has been succeeded by Rev. F. B. Short, the present pastor
in charge. Similar progress has been made by other churches. they
would be too numerous to specify in particular, but all in all they
are working for the best interests of humanity by their pastors
and organized societies. Of the established churches in Salt
Lake City of various denominations are the Baptist, Congrega
tional, Unitarian, Lutheran, Christian Scientist, the Central Chris
tian church, Reorganized Church of Latter-day Saints, the Sev
enth Day Advent ist, Young Men's Christian Association, the Sal
vation Army and the Jewish church, which have erected churches
and permanent places for worship. To these societies may be as
cribed a record of inestimable value for their benevolent anC
charitable labors in our community. Not only are these churches
represented in our language, but missions in various tongues such
as the Germans, Skandinavians, French, Italians and other na
tionalities are well represented.

Schools and Education

The Birth of Our Schools.
WHAT is done in Utah in the way oi schools and the acquisi
tion of learning, for her children and the coming genera
tions, has often been a subject of great question among people
outside of our state. A most important topic indeed, one that
the people of Utah, from the very first settlement of this valley
were able and ready to give, under conditional circumstances, a
most satisfactory answer to. The important question is attend
ed to by the historian, who gives the following interesting and

EVOLUTION OF OUR SCHOOL BUILDINGS SINCE 1849.
(Photos Furnished by the Superintendent of Instruction.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.- 59
striking sketch of the account of the first formation of our
schools: The early settlers of Utah, in the midst of their colon
izing labors, found time to establish schools and provide for the
education of their young. As early as October, 1847, three
months after the advent of the pioneers, a school was taught in
the "Old Fort" by Miss Mary Jane Delingwood, age 17. This
young lady, who undoubtedly was the pioneer school teacher of
Utah, opened her little school to teach the children of the pio
neers about the last of October, in a small round tent on the
west side of the south extension of the old stockade. Pieces of
logs were used for seats, and a small camp table for a desk. In
January following Julian Moses, as soon as he had finished his
little log house coverered with willows and earth, began teach
ing school therein, having benches made of puncheons. Similar
schools sprang up in other settlements as fast as they were
formed. Our first Sabbath school, the forerunner of the exten
sive Deseret Sunday school union of today, was opened in the
Fourteenth ward, Salt Lake City, in December, 1849. Its foun
der was Richard Ballantyne. These were Utah 's educational be
ginnings. From a retrospection in the annual report by the superintend
ent of public schools of our city, in 1902, the following interest
ing data, which refers to the gradual advancement and progress
of our schools from its beginning until the achievements of our
magnificent school system of today, is taken :
When the sturdy little band of pioneers entered this valley
in 1847, they founs a veritable desert. To them, however, it was
a land of promise, an oasis in a desert. They had not braved the
wilds of the unknown West, nor made their way across the track
less plains, for naught. They knew, too, that with their advent
into Salt Lake valley, civilization gained its first foothold west
of the Rocky mountains. Sensing their high and sacred trust,
they were not slow in recognizing the first and most potent fac
tor in the perpetuation of modern civilization — the school, the
safeguard of this republic, governed as it is by the will of the
people. Before the first snow had fallen, a little hut, scarcely
large enough to be seen among the sage brush that surrounded it,
reared its homely form, and the new community, although without
adequate food and raiment, enjoyed the luxury of a village school.
This was the humble beginning, the germ, if you please, from
which our present system has grown. This little seed, it is true,
was planted in the sands of the desert, far from the running
brook, but the watchful care of the husbandman gave it the con
ditions that an environment refused, and it has become a mighty
oak. This little hut was the pioneer of western schools and
western education.

UTAH'S PIONEER SCHOOL TEACHERS
Mary Jane Dilworth-Hammond, Julian Moses, Richard Ballantyne, Orson
Spenser, T. B. Lewis, Carl Maeser, George Goddard, John
Morgan, John R. Park.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 61
A provisional government was formed, and in 1850, but
two and one-half years after the first company arrived, the legis
lative assembly passed an act incorporating the "University of
the State of Deseret," now the University of Utah, and thus made
early provision for higher education.
As time rolled on, the school law was frequently modified till
in 1890, when the Free School law, commonly designated the New
School law, was enacted. While this enabled us to realize in its
Pulness the dream of Horace Mann, it did not mark the advent of
the first free schools in our state, as some districts had previously
availed themselves of the "local option" provision of former
laws and had established free schools. The enactment of this
law did, however, bring the free school within the reach of every
child in the state, although tuition had formerly, in most cases,
been merely nominal. In addition to the then existing country
district, it established, by means of consolidation, districts to be
known as cities of the first and second class, of which there are
four in the state, namely, Salt Lake City, Ogden, Logan and
Provo, the first named being the only one of the first class.
The following facts and figures are given as a representa
tion of how far we have come in reaching the standard school
system, as compared with cities in other parts of the Union of
similar size and situation :
Public Schools.
The school population of Salt Lake City for 1906-7 was 19,-
373. Enrollment of attendant school children in public schools
for 1906 was 15,742.
Number of school buildings occupied, 29.
New buildings under construction, 4.
Average number of rooms in each building, 16.
Average dimension of class rooms is 30x30 feet.
Height of ceiling, 11 feet.
Average number of pupils for each building, 525.
Average number of pupils for each class room, 33.
Average number of teachers in each school, 18.
Total number of teachers employed, 411.
Total salary paid to teach for 1906-7, $285,127.
Cost of maintenance for 1906-7, $530,236.62.
Total valuation of school property, buillings and grounds,
$1,365,470.08. Total insurance on buildings carried is $435,050.
Approximate cost of each principal building, $100,000.
As to modern conveniences and sanitation, each of our
school buildings is provided with the latest improvements in
every compartment as to light, heat, ventilation and sanitary

WASATCH SCHOOL, LINCOLN SCHOOL, FREMONT SCHOOL.
Salt Lake City's Representative Public Schools. Above picture represents
Three Out of Twenty-Nine Public School Buildings in Salt
Lake City of Similar Modern Construction.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 63
facilities, which have no superiors anywhere. The greatest
precaution and attention is given to the safe and easy escape of
the children from the buildings in case of danger and disaster
during the school hours. The children are regularly drilled and
trained to make orderly and quick escape from the building in
case of fire ; every needful attention is given to providing a quick
and safe exit from the buildings, no matter where fire may
start in the structure. Equipments for extinguishing fire are also
within quick and easy reach from various parts of the buildings.
In all details the public schools system of our city is up-to-date,
in buildings, government, instructions, and attendance. The re
sults and products as to culture and trainings are of the high
est and most gratifying character. Utah's school laws, make it
compulsory for children between the age of 6 to 16 years to attend
school at least 30 weeks each year. No exemption to be taken
from this unless a satisfactory ground is shown why the boy or
girl cannot attend. The strictest attention is given to the en
forcement of this law. The discipline inculcated in the pupil is
of a paternal character, which aims at their moral, social and
general interest and welfare. The exercises and studies by the
children are of the highest and most efficient in all of the grad
ed schools, and none but competent and well fitted teachers are
engaged for the school work from the primary to the grammar
grade. Of the 411 teachers employed in our public schools 247
have obtained their graduating diploma in Utah's schools, while
164 are engaged from our sister states. The curriculum and ex
ercises of the pupils are in character and nature temperate, yet
impressive and practical for the mental grasp of the subject.
In these exercises and studies a noticeable interest and care
are taken not to overtax the mental power of the child by em
ploying more the visionary than the mental faculty in illustrat
ing and analyzing the problem of subject of study.
Domestic training in our graded schools is also of an encour
aging and beneficial character to the rising generation, and in
this respect our schools have merit and received the highest
honor and praise from the numerous exhibits in and out of Utah
of products coming from our school rooms. Art made its initial
steps into our public schools some fifteen years ago, and its in
troduction has proven a most gratifying result among our juven
iles, whose talents have shown a high degree of accomplishment
in this branch of training. A full and complete course of art
is offered in both the high school and elementary classes, which
have reflected gneat credit on our school system and received
noted attention wherever its selections have been exhibited in
our country. Great are the achievements of our public school
system, and honor belongs to its founders and promoters.

64 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Utah's Public Schools.
In order to show the condition of our public school system
for the state of Utah, the statistical statement of the superintend
ent of public instruction of the state gives the following repres-
sentative figures in his report for the years 1905-1906 :
Statistical Statement.
To present, in concise form, data that will give information
about our schools to those who have not the time to make an
extended perusal of the somewhat elaborate statistics required
by law, it is believed that these statements will be of interst to
those who examine this report. 1906.
Number of common schools  668
Number of school districts in the State  338
Number of high schools  34
Number of graded schools  417
Number of mixed schools  ¦  251
Number of superintendents  ." 34
Number of supervisors  13
Number of male teachers  567
Number of female teachers  1,325
Whole number of teachers  1,892
Number of trustees or members of school boards. . 1,000
Average salaries of male teachers per month  $86.40
Average salaries of female teachers per month. . $55.41
Total teachers' salaries  $951,780.21
Number of pupils in State  95,768
Number of pupils enrolled  77,947
Average number of pupils in daily attendance  60,018
Amount of 3 mill state school fund  $391,940. 94
Amount of State land interest and rental fund  $38,079.57
Amount of county school tax  $300,961.41
Amount of special local tax  $914,761.26
Whole amount for common schools  • . . . $1,645,743.18
Items compared with those of the preceding biennium end
ing June 30, 1904:
Decrease in number of districts  38
Increase in number of schools  9
Increase in number of male teachers  14
Increase in number of female teachers  160
Increase in salary of male teachers per month  $8.97
Increase in salary of female teachers per month. . . $1.02
Increase in number of leachers. . •  174
Increase in length of school time (days)  7%
Increase in number of pupils of school age  4,121
Increase in value of school property  $S93,157.45

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 65
The University of Utah.
In educating the young people of both sexes in the practical
sciences and in contributing to the general culture of the state
the University of Utah is doing a great work and is, year by year,
becoming the center of an influence which permeates the whole
commonwealth, raising its intellectual, moral and political stand
ards to an even higher plane and increasing the respect and af
fection in which it is held by the state at large.
That this institution should receive the utmost attention
and aid in its efforts to promote the welfare of the state is obvious.
The schools of Utah are an index to the progressiveness of
the state, and in this respect its citizens have been fully alive
to the necessity of having proper buildings and equipment as well
as instructors, and that they should not lack any means for
equipping the young for the battle of life as far as it is possible
for the schools so to do.
In the matter of higher education and advanced learning,
the University of Utah occupies a prominent position.
The birth of this institution dates back to February 28th,
1850, about two years and a half subsequent to the settlement of
Utah. The legislative assembly of the provisional government
passed an act incorporating the "University of the State of Des
eret." This act among others was ratified by the legislative as
sembly of the Territory of Utah, October 4th, 1851.
The first meeting of the board of regents, presided over by
Chancellor Orson Spencer, was held March 13th, 1850.
On the second Monday of November the University was for
the first time opened for the admission of students. Dr. Cyrus
Collins was placed in charge as instructor, but was succeeded
the same year by Orson Spencer. Owing to many adverse cir
cumstances, which retarded growth and progress in the early days,
the University remained for many years in abeyance and had but
a nominal existence until November, 1867, when the work of in
struction was resumed under the supervision of Mr. D. 0. Calder.
From this time on the school continued in operation chiefly as a
commercial college until March 8th, 1869, when Dr. John R. Park
assumed the office of president. Under his efficient direction
the institution was soon more fully organized and adapted to the
work of normal, scientific and classical instruction. With the
growth and increased population of the state the University, as
the head of the public school system, assumed more stability of
growth and its work of instruction progressed steadily.
In 1884 the legislature amended the charter, and gave the
institution definite power to confer degrees.

REPRESENTATIVE HEADS OF OUR PUBLIC SCHOOLS
D. H. Christensen Dr. Joseph T. Kingsbury
Supt. Public Schools. Pres. University of Utah.
Wm. M. Stewart A. C. Xelson Dr. John A. Widtsoe
Prin. Normal School, U. of U. Supt. of Public Pres. Agricultural College, Logan.
Geo. A. Eaton Instruction. Prof. Wm. A. Wetzell
Principal High School. Supervisor of Music.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 67
In 1892 a new charter was enacted by the legislature, reduc
ing the membership in the governing board to nine, inclusive of
the office of chancellor, and changing the name of the institution
from the "University of Deseret" to the "University of Utah."
In April, 1894, the Salt Lake Literary and Scientific associa
tion donated to the University for support of the chair of geology
the amount of $60,000 as an endowment to be kept intact and the
proceeds to be used for the purpose stated.
In 1894 the University received a grant of a sixty-acre
tract of land on the Fort Douglas reservation, situated at the
base of the Wasatch range, overlooking the city, valley and lake,
a most beautiful location for the University campus.
In 1899, the state legislature provided for the removal of
the University to this site by the appropriation of $200,000, and
for the erection of suitable buildings thereon.
In 1901 it appropriated $75,675, in 1903 $66,840 and in 1905
$90,000 for building purposes and equipment.
The buildings erected by the appropriation made in 1899
were completed in October, 1900, and immediately occupied.
The following facts and figures have been obtained from its
official department for public information :
The University buildings are as follows : Library, museum,
physical science, normal, metallurgical, foundry, shops, gymna
sium. It occupies an area of sixty acres, situated east of 13th East
between First and Fourth South streets. The location is one of
the best in respect to health, scenery, etc. The approximate val
uation of its property is $850,000. Its maintenance is by appro
priation by the state legislature. Dr. J. T. Kingsbury is the pres
ident of the institution, which is governed by nine regents, in
cluding the president of the University.
A large attendance of students is received from other parts
of the Union outside of Utah. No tuition fees are paid by stu
dents, only a registration fee of $10 is required annually, and
sufficient fees to cover cost of materials used in laboratory work.
The University's superior advantages for instruction in nor
mal training and mining engineering, compared with other west
ern or eastern institutions, is evidenced by such attendance from
other states. The students are about equal in number as to sex.
The vocations pursued by students leaving the institution are
nainly engineering, mining, literary pursuits, teaching and va
rious kinds of business.
As the financial means become available the institution in
tends to enlarge its accommodations and improve its facilities for
meeting the growing demands upon it.

SOME OF SALT LAKE CITY.S ACADEMIES AND COLLEGES
Rowland Hall. Gordon Academy.
All Hallows College. Collegiate Institute. St. Mary's Academy.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 69
Private Schools.
A great deal could be said regarding private schools in Salt
Lake City, established by various societies, which reflect credit
on their founders and the respective organizations under whose
control they are maintained and guided.
On the pages of Salt Lake's history it is observed that the
private schools in our community have received the establish
ment almost simultaneously with the introduction of the various
churches represented in our city. That these schools have been
well supported and received their share of "attendance from the
start is evidenced by their steady growth in prominence and im
portance in our community. As they are seen today in their
commanding school buildings, surrounded with large space of
ground, parked and ornamented with flowers, shrubs and shade
trees, it is seen that much capital has been expended in that
direction. These schools are monuments of their respective so
cieties and ornaments to our city.
A visit to the interior of these schools reveals the fact that
nothing is wanting that belongs to an up-to-date modern insti
tution of learning — large and commodious class rooms, comfort
and conveniences provided for the attendants, and the equipments
and supplies for the curriculum of the school are found to equal
any used by other institutions elsewhere in our country; these,
with the efficiency of the teachers, which constitute the respec
tive faculties, makes our private schools stand high in the
scale of such institutions.
Among the leading ones is the Latter-day Saints University,
with a school property of $250,000. All Hallows College repre
sents $150,000. St. Mary's Academy $150,000. Rowland Hall
Academy $100,000. Gordon Academy $100,000. Westminster
College $60,000. Collegiate Institute $50,000. It is needless
to say that each of these institutions is well supported in attend
ants and instruction and training in given lines that aim to make
the growing generation of our city and state the most useful and
intelligent citizens, that shall fill the various occupations of pri
vate or public concern and aid to the future upbuilding and
achievements that will do honor and credit to the inter-mountain
state.

Academies and Colleges.
Beside the public schools Salt Lake City is also provided
with a number of academies and colleges of which fully half a
dozen rank in prominence and educational efficiency, together
with a system of government, equal to any similar institutions
elsewhere in our western states, in particular with up-to-date

^0 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
instruction and training. The Latter-day Saints University, which
has grown out of a small college school, represents . today in
its instruction not less than 1,000 students on the annual enroll
ment. The school comprises four large and commodious buildings.
The valuation of its school property is $250,000, its faculty num
bers 52 teachers and instructors.
St. Mary's Academy, established in 1875, under the direction
of the Sisters of the Holy Cross, Notre Dame, Indiana, is in every
respect a monument that adds to the opportunities of receiving
every needful training and educational instruction for the youth.
Attendance at this Academy was 225 pupils for 1907. It has a
faculty of 20 teachers; valuation of school property, $150,000.
All Hallows College was founded by the Right Rev. Bishop
Scanlan of Salt Lake City in 1886, and was in his charge dur
ing three years. It is a very progressive institution in all its de
partments and has a constant increase of attendance in number
of pupils enrolled. Its faculty embraces 15 teachers ; valuation
of school property, $200,000.
The Rowland Hall of the Episcopal church, the West
minster College of the Presbyterian church, and the Gordon
Academy of the Congregational church are also up to the stand
ard of our modern educational institutions which are worthy of
every praise that could be said in respect to their high educa
tional training as well as their respective school properties.
Young Men's Christian Association,
The Young Men's Christian association of our city is also an
important factor in our community in the interest of upbuilding
moral, physical, and intellectual culture in line with its endeavor
to instill habits of Christian living in the hearts' of the young
men and boys of our community, as well as to make them efficient
and in this respect the association has secured the highest es
teem and appreciation from the citizens of Salt Lake. Follow
ing is a statement of this organization and its management:
The Salt Lake City Young Men's Christian association was
organized March 9th, 1890, and was without adequate equipment
until the present building was' opened in 1905.
The association is a non-sectarian philanthropy for provid
ing opportunities for advancement to the young men and boys
of its community, in which it has a local membership of 1,700,
including men, younger men, and boys. The following repre
sentative business men constitute its management :
Windsor V. Rice, president; John Dern, vice president;
Charles G. Plummer, recording secretary ; F. A. Timby, treasurer ;
James E. Paine, auditor; Frank B. Stephens, attorney; W. W.
Armstrong, chairman of finance committee; W. Mont Ferry,
eh airman department of educational work; Thomas Woir, chair-

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 71
man department of religious work. F. A. Druehl, L. L. Terry,
0. A. Honnold, L. C. Miller, Russel L. Tracy, Stephen H. Love,
M. H. Walker, C. P. Overfield, E. A. Wall, C. R. Pears all, William
II. Tibbals, Lafayette Hanchett, J. E. Cosgriff.
The association's executive staff is headed by Mr. Oscar L.
Cox, with whom is associated a competent corps of trained spe
cialists in the different departments of the association's work.

Art, Music and Intellectual Culture
In art, music and intellectual training in the onward strides
of our educational institutions for the culture and advancement of
the young and rising generations to fit them for the issues of life's
battles in the various fields of occupation there is much to be
considered. The preceding pages on this subject have in part
shown the opportunities in these directions which are offered the
children in our community, and not stopping with the elementary
or higher courses of our academies and university studies, but
extending to those who wish the training in those branches which
come within the lines of art and music, as well as intellectual cul
ture. These have ample opportunity for training and develop
ment of these talents. Societies and institutions where instruc
tion and training in art, music, the classics and other branches
of literary and professional pursuits have in later years been es-
t ablished,- meet a constant demand from the younger element
of our community, and such institutions as have come to the
front in efficiency, equipment, etc., thus extended the good work
that has benefited not only the individual but the community in
general, deserve to be noted and given a due recognition.
Art Institute.
The Art Institute is a state institution for the encouragement
for the fine arts, and involves, according to law, "An annual
art exhibit, a State art collection, and a course of public lec
tures on art. ' '
This is one of the public institutions of the state for which ap
propriations are made biennially by the legislature. And al
though only in its infancy it has held four annual exhibits, award
ed cash prizes and medals for the best productions in the various
branches of fine arts, and in other ways has done much to en
courage artists and study, both privately and in the public
schools. In the schools of art, Utah has received noted recognition of
the talents and skilled productions coming from the hands of
many of her representative artists, and from this stage of culture
will yet be heard and seen such productions of art as will chal
lenge the attention of the most renowned artist of our day.

REPRESENTATIVE HEADS OF SALT LAKE'S ART, MUSIC AND
LITERARY CULTURE.
Edwin Evans
President Utah Art Association.
Mrs. Susa Young Gates Martha Home Tingey
Prominent Writer and Exponent Pres. Young Ladies' Mutual
of Young Ladies' General Interest. Improvement Association.
Prof. Evan Stephens
Conductor of Salt Lake Tabernacle Choir.
Windsor V. Rice Prof. John J. McClellan
President Y. M. C. A. Organist Salt Lake Tabernacle and Director
Salt Lake Symphonv Orchestra and
Salt Lake Choral Society .
Oscar L. Cox
General Secretary Y. M. C. A.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 73
Music.
It would be difficult for the writer to overstate the degree of
taste and skill in musical advancement which exist among the
people of our community.
A piano, organ or some other instrument that produces melo
dious sounds is a familiar article in nearly every household in
Utah. From this observation it is evident that music is loved
and appreciated by the people, and that their leisure hours are
spent largely in listening to or producing some musical tones.
Organizations and schools of music are numbered as legion
throughout Utah. In the lead of all our musical features are the
grand organ and choir which are heard in the great Mormon
Tabernacle, and which are a favorite attraction to the tourists
and multitude of visitors who come to our city. A brief account
of this attractive part of the Tabernacle services is given for in
formation to the stranger, particularly: The organ is in itself
a historical as well as attractive feature in the way of musical
instruments. It is rated the second in size, but unsurpassed either
in construction, variety or character of tonal quality, in the world.
It was constructed originally over thirty-five years ago, entirely
by Utah artisans and mostly from native materials. It was
built under the direction of Joseph Ridges, and later reconstruct
ed by Milo Johnson, assisted by Shure Olsen, Henry Taylor and
others. It is but a few years ago since the church authorities
concluded to award a contract for having this organ rebuilt with
every improvement of later years in organ construction; it was
let to the well known organ builders, W. W. Kimball & Co. of
Chicago. The following description of the organ will give the reader
some idea of its attractive nature and scope of its musical qual
ity: The front towers have an altitude of 58 feet and the dimen
sions of the organ are 30 by 33 feet; it has 110 stops and acces
sories, and contains a total of over 5,000 pipes, ranging in length
from one-fourth inch to 32 feet. It comprises five complete or
gans — Solo,. swell, great, choir, and pedal; in other words, four
key boards in addition to the pedals. It is capable of 400 tonal
variations. The different varieties of tone embodied in this no
ble instrument represent the instruments of an orchestra, mili
tary band, choir, as well as the deep and sonorous stops for which
the organ is famed. There is no color, shade or tint of tone that
cannot be produced upon it. The action is the Kimball duplex
pneumatic. The organ is blown by a 10-horse power electric
motor and two gangs of feeders furnish 5,000 cubic feet of air a
minute when it is being played full. The organist is seated twen-

74 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
ty feet from the instrument, which places him well amongst the
choir. Undoubtedly the organ owes much to the marvelous acous
tics of the Tabernacle, but even with this allowance made, it is
still the most perfect instrument of its kind in existence. Free
public recitals are given semi-weekly by Professor J. J. McClel-
lan, the Tabernacle organist, aided by the best vocal talent.
The Tabernacle Choir.
This organization contains not less than 500 singers, all of
select talent and sublime voices, which can be heard in its fitting
enclosure, with their harmonious tones accompanied by the great
organ, already mentioned; the effect is so soul-inspiring that a
description is quite impossible. Those who have not had the op
portunity to listen to this musical feast have something coming
to them that is worth a long journey to realize. The following
data regarding the organization is of interest to note :
This famous body of singers (known generally as the Mor
mon Tabernacle Choir) was organized by President Brigham
Young in the early days of the state. The original conductors of
the choir, in the order of their service, have been as follows :
Stephen Goddard, James Smithies, Charles J. Thomas, Prof. Sands,
George Careless, E. Beesley, and Evan Stephens, the present in
cumbent. The choir was enlarged to about three hundred singers
at the time it was transferred to the large Tabernacle under Prof.
Careless' direction, and with his wife, Mrs. Livinia Careless, as
leading soprano, it achieved almost a national reputation.
The present mammoth organization of 500 enrolled singers
(the largest regular church choir in the world) dates back to
1890, when the present conductor and manager, Professor Evan
Stephens, took charge. The choir was1 then organized on a broad
er basis than before and divided into five vocal parts, viz., first
and second soprano, alto, tenor, and bass.
Free training classes have been held for the benefit of the
members in sight reading, voice culture, harmony and composi
tion. The choir is self-supporting financially and the members
give their services freely to this phase of church work. A por
tion of this' organization, numbering from 150 to 250 members, has
visited other states on concert tours, notably Chicago (where it se
cured a prize of $1,000 in choral singing), and Denver and Cali
fornia. The choir has won three prizes for choral work (in fact
each time the organization was entered for competition), and the
world's greatest artists have appeared with it in Tabernacle con
certs. Its chief work, whK-h is a labor of love, is1 to furnish choral
music for 1he regular Sabbath services held in the Tabernacle.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 75
Salt Lake City Public Library.
A community is judged or measured as to its intellectual and
mental aspiration for knowledge and learning, by the materials
and means it possesses as a source for acquiring such ends, and
the citizens and community of Salt Lake City, as a whole, can
proudly point in that respect to its public library. This com
mendable institution, which forms a basis for public knowledge
and learning in all societies' and communites, has in this city re
ceived creditable attention from its citizens.
In the earliest days of the history of this city, great atten
tion was given to a public library by its progressive citizens, not
withstanding the important call and demand for concentrating
all energy and attention to the development of the country, so it
could bring forth the products for the existence and support of
the early settlers, who planted the first germ which grew into a
large and growing state in this Rocky mountain region.
The first historical account of a public library in tms' com
munity was in 1852. This was called the Territorial library,
which was opened in the Council house with Wm. C. Staines as
librarian. Congress had appropriated . $5,000 towards the purchase of
books for this library. From that time on, more attention was
given the library as the community grew and the means became
available for laying the foundation of the present one. To the
Masonic fraternity and the Ladies' Literary club of this city be
longs this honor and credit ; these, by their liberal donations in
books and funds, gave this city a more advanced and properly
regulated institution of this class.
It was on February 17, 1898, that the public library was
first opened under municipal support and regulations, and was
quartered on the second floor of the City and County building.
The shelves and alcoves represented a total of about I2,U00 vol
umes, which, from then on, was increased in number by the an
nual appropriation made for this purpose by the city council.
The patronage of the library was constantly on the in
crease. The circulating department and the reading rooms be
came taxed to their limit and it soon became apparent that more
space and more books were needed to meet the demand of the
public. A public-spirited citizen, Mr. John Q. Packard, who on
many occasions had shown his liberality in the way of making
handsome donations in the interests of his fellow men, under
took to offer the city and its people a. permanent home for their li
brary. The offer was gratefully accepted by the city and with a
cost of $20,000 the ground was purchased near the corner of
State and South Temple streets, only one block east of the Tem
ple block; a most suitable location for this institution. As1 soon

PUBLIC LIBRARY
A Handsome Gift by John Q. Packard to Salt Lake City.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 77
as the plans and specifications for the building were ready and
approved, the work of construction commenced without delay
until the magnificent structure was completed in September,
1905, at a cost of $100,000, thus making a total of $120,000, do
nated by Mr. Packard.
After completion of the building, the public library was at
once removed from the City and County building to its new
home, and on the 27th day of October, 1905, the library was
formally opened and all were especially invited to participate in
its opening, which took place with the following exercises:
Invocation by Orson F. Whitney; reading of communication
from the donor, Mr. Packard, after which the mayor, R. P.
Morris, delivered the keys of the library to John D. Spencer,
chairman of the board, with the following remarks :
"Mr. President and Members of the Board of Directors of
the Free Public Library: Ladies and Gentlemen: — I deem it an
honor, as well as a pleasure, to take part in the dedication of
this noble institution. In delivering the keys of the building to
the board which has charge of this library, I am mindful of the
fact that this ceremony started upon its way an institution that
is intended to elevate, educate and refine.
"The best thinking minds of the age are agreed upon the
propositon that the public library is the most useful of all in
stitutions in promoting the intellectual welfare and culture of the
people. Nor does its influence stop at this; it brings peace and
comfort and contentment to countless firesides, and to many a
poor restless wanderer.
"The true worth of this institution is not to be measured
by the beauty of its walls or of its decorations', although they
are worthy reminders of the civic pride and philanthropic spirit
of our benefactor, our fellow citizen, John Q. Packard. The
true good that is to come of this institution lies in the influence
of the books that it places in the homes of the people and the
hands of the wayfarer to peruse. Our worthy benefactor, in
making this magnificent gift to the people of Salt Lake City, real
ized that good books are good companions and that whatever
aided in bringing this companionship into the home to that ex
tent aided in raising the thoughts, ideas and intellectual life of
the people to a higher plane.
"And we must not let this occasion pass without heartily
thanking Mr. Packard, on behalf of the people of this city, for
his philanthropy in giving us this library and for his discern
ment in selecting a gift, that of all gifts, will accomplish the'
greatest good."
Thereafter Judge C. C. Goodwin was introduced, who gave-
a lengthy account of the library from its primitive stage to its
present advancement, portraying in his remarks its advantages

78 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
and beneficial purpose to the community, and in applauding the
donor for his memorable gifts to the city. He made the following
remarks :
"From what I know of Mr. Packard he cares nothing for the
world's applause, but his thought when he planned to *mild
this library was that by building it he could do some good to his
fellow men, the thought that he could make that possible is what
prompted his work, and the satisfaction that the act gives him is
what he covets.
"When he awakens in the morning, when he lies down to
sleep at night, the whisper of his own soul that the work is good,
that it is acceptable here and will stand to his' credit in the esti
mation of men and be posted to his credit in the great ledger of
eternity, is what brings him peace.
"It was natural for him to keep away from here tonight. He
knew he would be praised and thanked, and he could not face
that kind of a ceremony, because it was not of men's thanks or
praise that he thought when he ordered this' structure built.
"He was merely keeping faith with himself. He is a thorough
American, proud of his country and her history. No man better
than he understands and appreciates the genius of American in
stitutions, the glory that has come because the fathers planned
to open, every opportunity to all the children of this land, to
place no feters on their honest efforts, to put no limitations upon
the honors they might aspire to, to make sure that all their ef
forts should be rewarded."
The public library commenced its mission in its beautiful
home under the management of the following board of directors :
J. D. Spencer, president. Mrs. S. H. Clawson.
W. J. Bateman, secretary. Mrs. H. J. Hayward.
Mr. W. Igleheart. Mrs. Frank A. Vincent.
Mr. Alfred Lambourne. Mrs. Joseph M. Cohen.
Miss Johanna H" Sprague, librarian. Mrs. Isaac Jennings.
At the opening of the library it possessed 25,479 books, to
which there is added an annual increase of 2,500 volumes.
The following statement gives an account of the present con
dition and operation of this institution :
The library consists of three reading rooms, one recture room
and one children's room, which has been furnished by the city
with furniture, shelvings, alcoves, etc., at a cost of $5,000. Pres
ent number of books is 31,556 volumes, which has the following
divisions :
Reference department, volumes  7,212
Circulating department, volumes  21,301
Children's department, volumes  3,143
Total volumes  31,556

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

79

Periodicals and newspapers, 212; of these 149 are subscribed
and 63 are contributed.
The annual revenue for maintenance, etc., is about $12,000,
which is one-fourth of a mill of the general tax levied by the city
council. The average loans daily are five hundred books. The
average daily visitors are about 850.
The library is open to the public from 10 o'clock a. m. to
9 o'clock p. m., on Sundays from 2 o'clock to 6 p. m.
On public holidays the library is closed.

Club and Societies, Fraternal and Otherwise.
Salt Lake City is well represented in the matter of clubs,
associations and fraternal orders in almost unlimited numbers.
Prominent among these is the Alta club, which is the oldest; the
University club, the Commercial club, the Country club,
Women's club, literary and political clubs, clubs for pleasure,
clubs for various aims and objects of either a social or public
nature, all having the principal object of promoting social and
chosen relations between members, at the same time extending
and promoting aid and assistance whenever the occasion calls
therefor.

tn&immS?3*' '*_-* *,-

The Mill that Furnished our Daily Bread in 1852. The Old Land
mark is yet preserved in Liberty Park.

PERMANENT HOMES OF SOME OF SALT LAKE'S PROMINENT CLUBS.
Masonic Temple. Alta Club.
University Club. The Elks Club.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 81
Secret societies' are also well represented, which, with their
magnificent buildings, are thus in possession of permanent homes.
Among these the Masonic fraternity is prominent with its new
temple, lately completed at a cost of $100,000 ; the B. P. O. Elks
have also a handsome structure for their home, and the Odd
Fellows society is provided with fine and adequate quarters.

The Salt Lake Theater.
Among objects of historical interest, the Salt Lake Theater
stands prominent. Though zealously devoted to every day re
ligious duties, yet from the very first, their practical common
sense led the Mormons to adopt and utilize every possible means
to foster their intellectual, moral and social interests. Not the
least among these agencies was the theater, which, from time al
most immemorial, has been encouraged and supported by en
lightened and growing communities as a means of entertainment,
refinement and culture.
Much adverse criticism has been made to this phase of Mor-
monism; nevertheless experience has shown that, freed from its
objectionable features, the stage is a power for good to any
society. More especially was this true in the pioneer days when,
isolated from the outside world, the people had to provide their
own entertainment. This developed unexpected talent, and in
due time many of the local stage artists became renowned, and
even in this day a score or more of the leading foot-light favor
ites of the country made their initial success on the Salt Lake
boards. In justification of Brigham Young's idea, it must be said the
purpose was social improvement rather than financial profit,
for taken all in all, the Mormons had reduced the social idea
among themselves to a science — it being hard to find a people
more social, agreeable, conscientious' and entertaining. The
great influx of non-Mormons of late years, and the resultant fric
tions have led to more or less cautious reserve.
According to Edward Tullidge, the historian, the Salt Lake
theater was built in 1861 by Brigham Young, whose practical
mind sensed the importance of furnishing good instruction and
amusement, to the public generally and to the young people par
ticularly, since society already was becoming mixed.
Some of the leaders of the community would rather have de
voted more time and effort towards completing the Temple, but
the leader's influence prevailed and " Brigham 's Theater," as
it was long called, became one of the best in the country.
It was opened to the public on Saturday evening, March 8,
1862, with the plays "The Pride of the Market," and "State

PIONEERS AND BUILDERS OF SALT LAKE CITY DRAMA.
Hyrum B. Clawson
Philip' Margetts John T. Caine
Wm. C. Dunbar David McKenzie
John S. Lindsay John C. Graham

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 83
Secrets." The then local organization for dramatic purposes
was called the "Deseret Dramatic Association." Mr. T. A. Lyne,
once prominent on the eastern stage, was for a time engaged as
instructor for the company, and subsequently played leading
tragic roles.
Thus as the English civilization was nurtured, if not born
with the drama as presented at the Old Globe in London by a
galaxy of theatrical stars of the first magnitude just as the
nation was emerging from the gorgeous barbarism of the feudal
times, so from the Salt Lake theater the Rocky mountain type
of civilization has sprung up, combining an originality, versatil
ity, and intellectuality, which has become a marvel and a wonder
in music, in art, in science and philosophy, towards which the
world is turning in surprise and amazement.
Supplementary to the foregoing it is but just to add that
under the present efficient and popular manager, Mr. George D.
Pyper, every attention is given to the comfort and safety of its
patrons; all modern improvements and devices being adopted
as soon as their use or advantage is assured.
The theater has a seating capacity of sixteen hundred, and
is in every respect strictly up-to-date in construction and ar
rangement, the stage being one of the largest in the country
and every part is clearly observable from the large and well ar
ranged auditorium, which is practically free from obstructions.
The orchestra has always been of the best, and the orches
tra, for many years under the direction of C. J. Thomas and at
present Arthur Sheperd, has earned deserved popularity for its
musical skill and efficiency. The building is frequently used for
concerts, lectures and political gatherings, for which purposes
it is particularly well adapted.
Of the men now living who were prominently connected" with
the building and early management of the Salt Lake theater are
H. B. Clawson and John T. Caine. During their management all
the great stars, dramatic, operatic and minstrel companies cross
ing the continent played successful engagements at this theater.
Among our early-day actors and actresses who took promi
nent parts on the stage of the Salt Lake Theatre, Philip Mar
getts, one of the pioneer actors and dean of our drama, was for
many years the chief attraction. Of his capability and charac
teristics1 it is known that he has impersonated over two hundred
different characters and played with the foremost stars of the
age. _
The talents exhibited by our local actors and actresses m the
dramatic, field have been of a high degree of efficiency and skill.
Notable among those of former days was David McKenzie, John
T. Caine, John Lindsay, Hyrum B. Clawson, W. C. Dunbar, John
C. Graham, James Ferguson and Henry Maiben ; also Pauncefort

84 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
and Thomas A. Lyne, who were professional actors from the
Eastern stage.
Of actresses Miss Orem, Mrs. Wheelock, Mrs. M. G. Clawson,
Mrs. Sarah Cook, Mrs. Woodmansee, Mrs. Bowring, Mrs. L. Gib
son, Miss Maggie Thomas, Miss Sarah Alexander, Miss "Totty"
Clive, Miss Annie Adams, Miss Nellie Colebrook and Mrs, Claw
son are among the leading home talent who at various times ap
peared. Yet, one little gleam, which accidentally came to appear
and afterward became the greatest of theatrical stars up to pres
ent date, was the first debut of "Maude Adams" when she was
presented on the stage in her swaddling cloths to represent the
baby girl in the play, "A Lost Child." This event must really
have been her consecration to the stage which ever since has been
her professional life, and where she has earned the laurels of
celebrity in every part of our country.
Another star of the first magnitude among actresses was
Julia Dean Hayne, who played during the years 1865-6 with the
local performers in the Salt Lake Theatre. John S. Lindsay, the
noted actor, in his book, "The Mormons and the Theatre," pays
her the following compliment :
' ' The next star to appear at the Mormon Theatre was Julia
Dean Hayne, and a brilliant one she proved to be. She created
on her first appearance an impression that was profound and
lasting and each additional character she appeared in only served
to strengthen her hold on the admiration and affection of her
audiences. ' '
Mr. and Mr. Selden Irwin, who also played among the local
stock company, were numbered among the attractive features' of
theatrical days. Not only is the Salt Lake Theatre famo'us by its
historical origin, but it has a record of being the playhouse where
the world's greatest performers have appeared. Prominent among
them may be mentioned E. L. Davenport, John McCullough, Jun
ius Brutus Booth, Edwin Booth, Lawrence Barrett, Edwin Adams,
Salvini, Mrs. Lander, Mme. Modjeska, Neilson, Ristovi, Janau-
schek, Lucille Western, and Lotta.
Of musical talent which has been heard from time to time
may be mentioned Ole Bull, Remenyi, Wilhelmj, Paderewski and
numerous others ; while conspicuous among songsters are Patti,
Geaster, Parepa Rosa, Clara L. Kellogg, Emma Abbott, Emma
Nevada, and others who have appeared more recently.

11 ¦ ¦  ¦¦¦'¦ '¦  »¦» " '

GARDO HOUSE
Built by Brigham Young in 1877. Col. Edwin F. Holmes, who later purchased
this handsome residence, has greatly improved this beautiful site, and added a
costly Art Gallery, which is frequently exhibited to the public.

DEVEREU HOUSE
Once a famous residence of the late Wm. Jennings, ex-mayor and prominent
merchant of Salt Lake City, whose home was a hostelry for many
of our country's political leaders and statesmen, who
stopped here when visiting Utah. Built in 1869.

VIEW OF AN OLD LANDMARK
The start of the business quarter in Great Salt Lake City, 1849.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 87
INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE

IT is a well known fact that merchandising in Salt Lake. City
was established and carried on in the very beginning of its
settlement, although in a primitive way, and on a scale that is
yet seen in the small village towns of today. The peculiarity of
the business places in those days was the absence of any outward
"sign" indicating the character of the establishment or line of
business caried on. It may be inferred that the reason for this
was of a two-fold nature — first, the comparatively small com
munity, and second, the general acquaintance and familiar in
tercourse existing between the people of those days, that kept up
communication as to all events and transactions going on in the
valley. Every person seen in the city was in those days greeted
as a neighbor and whenever they met, in a house or on the high
way, each was saluted as' though a member of his own family,
calling each other brother or sister, as the case might be. Records
for any change of business method, in this respect, by the pri
vate store-keeper that generally had his store confined to a
spare room in his dwelling, to a more conspicuous or prominent
establishment, having a sign for public notice of the business,
did not come to pass until the advent of Livingston, Bell & Co.,
a non-Mormon concern, that succeeded Livingston & Kinkead,
about 1849 or 1850. As a neighbor the United States postoffice
was located near the store, in a plain frame building in 1849, as
shown on the page facing this article. These establishments are
the only ones known of at this early date of any special char
acter. Slowly but surely did the area of our business section
extend in Salt Lake City, as the years rolled on, but not until
late in the '70s did the business quarter reach beyond the
length of two blocks on Main street, on either side, the west side
taking the lead for trading. On the other streets, cutting Main
street east and west, was also a sprinkling of business stores for
a block either way. Activity in business and trading in those
days as seen on those streets was meager, except on Saturdays
and a.t special times, when there was a gathering of people to
the city, which frequently came to pass. Nevertheless, the vol
ume of business which in common existed, was carried along on
a healthy and prosperous basis, and every business man, as a
rule felt satisfied with his share of patronage. Failures and
bankruptcy were almost unheardof occurrences in the commun
ity. The visible increase in volume of trade in later years, as
seen by the extension of the business quarter and from statistics
on record, evidence the continued growth. The city's revenue
from its general licenses for the year 1897 was $116,147.90, and
that of the year 1907 was $218,766.90, which shows an increase

88 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
of revenue to the city from this source of $102,619. Nearly
double within the lapse of ten years. This may be taken as an
index of the difference of revenue in other years of various inter
missions. In other lines of industry and commerce of our city,
as well as the entire State of Utah, a similar statement of facts
can be presented and supported by statistics from public rec
ords. To promote the interests of our industry and commerce and
to guard against unfair competition and other detriments to the
stability and progressiveness of our common interests, various
organizations by our business men and progressive citizens have
been established, whose sole object is to take a hand in unity to
uplift any factor that is needed for the upbuilding of industry
and commerce, having in view the interests of the entire com
munity, and likewise to remove every obstacle that would block
the wheels of general progress. For this reason the organiza
tions of Utah's State Fair association, Manufacturers' and Mer
chants' association, the Real Estate association, the Chamber of
Commerce, the Commercial club, and other societies, have been
established. While some of thsee are yet young in their exist
ence, and considering the short space of time in which their la
bors have been carried on, they have, nevertheless, proved a
great success and the good they have been promoting and
achieved have been already felt in many directions. In order to
show the stability and sound basis of our business institutions,
the following statistics relating to our leading business houses is
herewith presented:
For a further evidence of our growth in industry and busi
ness capacity we may refer to the monthly pay-rolls of the
leading establishments and corporations by which the working
classes of our community are supported. For lack of space only
a few of the large pay-rolls and the institutions they are issued
by, will be mentioned as representative :
Auerbach Bros, dry goods house  $ 10,000
American Smelter and Refining Co  60,000
Bamberger, Simon, & Co  20,000
Bell Telephone Company  •  35,000
Boston Consolidated Mining Co  80,000
Board of Education  52,600
Century Gold Mine and Milling Co  5,000
Citizens Coal Company  3,000
Consolidated Wagon and Mch. Co  15,000
Cullen hotel  4,000
Denver & Rio Grande Ry. (local)  175,000
Deseret News Pub. Co  12,000
Dinwoodey, H, Furniture Co  4,250
Fort Douglas garrison  25,000

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 89
Garfield Smelting Co  60,000
Inland Crystal Salt Co  3,500
I. X. L. Furniture Co  4,400
Keith, O'Brien, dry goods house  15,000
Kenyon hotel  3,500
Knutsford hotel  3,500
Langton Lime & Cement Co  3,000
Municipal departments, city  38 150
McDonald, J. G., Co  6,000
Newhouse mines  45,000
Oregon Short Line Ry. Co. (local)  150,000
Portland Cement Co  7,000
Salt Lake County Commissioners  16,000
Salt Lake Tribune Pub. Co  11,500
Salt Lake Livery and Transfer Co  4,000
Silver Bros, iron works  12,000
State fund of Utah (local)  21,000
Studebaker Bros. Co. (of Utah)  20,000
Salt Lake Pressed Brick Co  6,300
Siegel's Clothing Co  6,000
Utah Copper Co  100,000
Utah Fuel Co  200,000
Utah Gas and Coke Co  6,000
Utah Implement and Vehicle Co  10,000
Utah Light and Ry. Co  80,000
Wilson hotel  4,500
Yampa mine and smelter  •  55,000
Z. C. M. 1  25,000
These representative payrolls, show a grand total of
$1,417,200.00 issued monthly by the respective institutions,
and which, without any variation in the amounts for twelve
months, would bring the annual payroll to the magnificent
figure of $17,006,400.00 for one year. While some of these are the
largest issued in the city or state, there still remain hundreds
of others of various amounts, and these, added to those enumer
ated above, would, of course, swell the grand total to a much
higher point.
The growth in our home industries and manufactured prod
ucts is also of an encouraging nature, and from the statistics as
follows, which data have been obtained by personal inquiry,
and been freely furnished for publication in this work by the
heads of those institutions, an estimate may be formed as to
such. Although we are yet in the infant stage in such lines of
industry compared with some other manufacturing centers of
the Union, it is shown that we are on a solid and growing basis
even in this respect, when all matters connected with industries
are considered.

90

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

A few comparative figures as to our manufactured products
for the years 1906-07 :

NAME OF FIRM

Total Value
of Products

1906

1907

Increase

Ensign Knitting Co 
Faust Creamery Co 
Gallagher, J. R., trunk mfg 
Inland Crystal Salt Co 
McDonald, J. G., candy company.
Salt Lake Mattres and Mfg 
Portland Cement Co. of Utah . .
Salt Lake Pressed Brick Co 
Silver Bros. Iron Works Co 
Utah Ice company 
Z. C. M. I. overalls and duckings. .
Z. C. M. I. boot and shoe mfg. dept

$28,000400,000 35,973
185,000
420,000 50,000
350,000 147,397
240,000 60,000
115,000 150,000

$40,000500,000 38,349
208,500
525,000 60,000
375,000163,924
360,000 75,000
135,000165,000

$12,000 100,000 2,376
23,500
105,000 10,000
25,000 16,527
120,000 15,000 20,000 15,000

ZION'S CO-OPERATIVE MERCANTILE INSTITUTION
Organized 1868 by Brigham Young. Its Present Volume of Business
Exceeds $4,000,000 Annually

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

91

Financial growth of Salt Lake's prominent and progressive
business institutions :

Capital Stock

UndividedProfit and
Surplus

Value of
Stock

Par

Mar ket

Beneficial Life Ins. Co ... .
Commercial Nat'l Bank..
Consol. Wag. & Mch. Co. .
Deseret Nat'l Bank 
Deseret Savings Bank ....
Heber Grant & Co., Ins. .

$100,000.00 200,000.00
1,500,000.00 500,000.00 100,000.00 150,000.00
250,000.00
pl0,000,000.0 P 600,000.00
250,000.00300,000.00450,000.00
10,000,000.00 275,000.00 290,000.00300,000.00 150,000.00
3,000,000.00 250,000.00
1,000,000.00
P 400,000.00
c3,000,000.00
p4,000,000.00 c2,000,000.00 200,000.00 250,000.00250,000.00
1,077,000.00 200,000.00

$ 19,625.39
100,000.00

$100 100
C. 100
100 100100100 10

$115 175 106

563,224.36

292 530

135

Home Fire Ins. Co 

310,266.91

178
9.10

Inland Crystal Salt Co . . .
McCornick & Co., bank. . .
Nat'l Bank of the Repub..
Portland Cement Co of U

95,301.19
263,166.39
ioo 48
100
100100100 75
100 100 1
100 1025
' 100100100100 100
175 35
R. M. Bell Telephone Co..
S. L. Security & Trust Co.
71,622.00
120 108
State Bank of Utah 
Utah Com & Sav Bank
206,597.08
202
Utah Gas & Coke Co
Utah Imple. & Veh. Co . . .
Utah Ind. Telephone Co. .
100
Utah-Idaho Sugar Co 
4.25
Utah Light and Ry Co . . .
Utah Nat'l Bank
160
Utah Savings & Trust Co.
Walker Bros. Bank 
Z. C. M. I  ¦
Zions Savings Bk. & T. Co.
115
148,201.32
400,000.00 148,691.11
235200
| 220
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THE NEW BISHOPRIC BUILDING
Designed for ecclesiastical offices by the Mormon Church,

O. T. SAMPSON'S APARTMENT HOUSE
One of Salt Lake's numerous apartment houses, which range in cost of
erection from $25,000 to $200,000.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 93
Investments and Buildings.
The era for substantial investments in Salt Lake City, and
particularly in buildings of various designs and descriptions, is
a topic of universal interest both in and out of our city, and In
this respect the last few years have been in this regard unpre-
cidented in its history. When and where is such an activity seen
as demonstrated in our midst at the present time? Do not these
undertakings go to show that our moneyed men have an open eye
and are looking with keen observation upon the outlook for our
city? The words uttered over half a century ago by the found
ers of our commonwealth, that spoke of the coming city, have
surely their realization within our own -view of today. In what
ever quarter of the city one may visit will be found new build
ings, either completed or under construction; this includes new
residences, apartment houses, office buildings, storage houses,
school and church edifices, railroad depots, machine shops, fac
tories, etc.
Notwithstanding this activity the city is not experiencing a
building boom, in a speculative sense, nor is this activity creat
ing any excitement in the community, or used to induce specula
tive investment from outside capital; rather is this activity ob
served to be based on a conservative and well calculated ground,
precisely as the architect's plan is detailed with all particularity
beforehand for the erection of the structure it is designed for;
thus, every house that is seen under construction is built for im
mediate use and demand. It is also a noticeable fact that rentals
for premises show no sign of diminishing • in price, while the
ready demands for occupation give in some instances the sugges
tion of a raise in rates.
The few illustrations which represent some of our new build
ings, with this article, are by no means superior in designs and
dimensions to other structures which have been projected or are
planned for construction. To present the volume of activity of
ou|r building ventures' for the period 1906-07, the following
facts and figures speak for themselves : Building permits issued
by the building inspector for 1906 numbered 636, and for 1907,
591 ; while the permits issued during the first six months of the
year 1908, up to July 1, were 534. Not only do these figures
represent investments made by our resident citizens alone, but
a good portion represent non-residents, those who reside in va
rious parts of the country. Among the heaviest investments on
record in this respect to be mentioned is done by the following
citizens' and corporations:

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SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 95
New Railroad Terminals. Estimated cost.
Denver & Rio Grande Ry. station  $ 750,000.00
Oregon Short Line Ry. station. . •  800,000.00
Office and Business Blocks.
Samuel Newhouse, Newhouse block (11 stories) . . . .$1,000,000.00
Samuel Newhouse, Boston block (11 stories)  1,000,000.00
Mrs. Mary Judge, Judge building (7 stories)  400,000.00
Utah Savings & Trust Co., bank building (7 stories) . 200,000.00
Halloran, W. J  40,000.00
Thompson & Murdock  50,000.00
Bransford, J. S  50,000.00
Callaway, Hoock & Francis  50,000.00
McCornick, W. S. & Co  50,000.00
D. H. Peery estate  65,000.00
Fred A. Wey  30,000.00
Sherwood block  80,000.00
S. D. Evans  50,000.00
W. H. Mclntyre, (7 stories)  200,000.00
W. S. McCornick (annex)  50,000.00
Exclusive Mercantile Stores and Warhouses.
I. X. L. Furniture company  $ 500,000.00
Paris Millinery company  85,000.00
Walker Bros. Dry Goods (annex)  60,000.00
Crane Co. of Chicago  ¦  160,000.00
Utah Implement & Vehicle company  90,000.00
O. J. Salisbury company  75,000.00
James E. Jennings & Dr. Worthington  50,000.00
Public and Co-Operative Institutions.
Buildings, Reconstructions and Improvements,
The public improvements, municipal, for 1906 were. .$ 865,477.92
The public improvements, municipal, for 1907  1,200,000.00
Oregon Short Line passenger station, freight depots
and yards  3,500,000.00
Utah Light and Ry. company, reconstructions and
improvements of system  3,500,000.00
Bell Telephone company  350,000.00
Independent Telephone company  •  100,000.00
Salt Lake public service  2,000,000.00
Utah State Fair association  20,000.00

96 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Mechanical and Manufacturing Establishments.
Buildings, improvements and plants :
Utah Gas and Coke company  •  $1,500,000.00
Silver Bros. Iron Works company  400,000.00
Salt Lake Brewery company  250,000.00
McDonald Candy company  73,000.00
Hewlett Bros, company  25,000.000
Sweet Candy company  75,000.00
Palace Laundry  20,000.00
The Ensign Knitting company  50,000.00
Salt Lake Mattress & Mfg. Co  15,000.00
Utah lee company  45,000.00
Salt Lake Knitting Works  100,000.00
The Royal Baking company  10,000.00
Intermountain Milling company  50,000.00
The Salt Lake Tribune Pub. Co. bldg  90,000.00
The Salt Lake Tribune Pub. Co. plant  72,000.00
The Salt Lake Tribune Pub. Co. light and power  75,000.00
New Hotels and Apartment Houses.
Metropole hotel (Knox & Holmes)  •  $ 150,000.00
New York hotel  65,000.00
Cullen hotel, annex and alterations  220,000.00
Southern hotel  20,000.00
Colonial hotel  •  30,000.00
S. L. Security and Trust Co., apartment house  185,000.00
T. H. Fitzgerald, apartment house  100,000.00
O. T. Sampson, apartment house  40,000.00
George Canning, apartment house  35,000.00
Covey Bros., apartment house  125,000.00
Telluride Realty Co., apartment house  150,000.00
Mutual Realty Co., apartment house  150,000.00
Willfley, J. M., apartment house  85,000.00
J. W. Carpenter, dormatory U. of U  45,000.00
H. L. Finch & Co., apartment house  ¦  72,000.00
N. P. Cummings, apartments  50,000.00
N. M. Hamilton, apartments  50,000.00
David Smith, apartments  50,000.00
S. L. Security and Trust Co., apartments  45,000.00
S. L. Security & Trust Co., apartments. . •  50,000.00
Fred Stauffer, apartments  45,000.00
Frank C. Brown  35,000.00
Chas. E. Felt  20,000.00
Dr. D. G. Treem (Los Angeles)  30,000.00
A. Richter, real estate  104,000.00
John Sharp  25,000.00
P. Mulroney  30,000.00

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 97
New Church Edifices and Chapels.
Catholic, St. Mary's cathedral  $ 350,000.00
Presbyterian church  190,000.00
First Methodist church  85,000.00
African Methodist church  10,000.00
Westminster College church  20,000.00
Emmanuel Baptist church  60,000.00
Liberty Park Methodist church  10,000.0.0
Danish Methodist church  •  4,500.00
Mormon church, chapel, 17th ward  26,000.00
Mormon church, chapel, 2d ward  23,000.00
Mormon church, chapel, Liberty ward  13,000.00
Mormon church, 24th ward  15,000.00
Mormon church, administration building  110,000.00
Mormon church, chapels, 12th and 13th wards  35,000.00
(See also "Investments for Schools and Educational Institu
tions" in other parts of this publication).
Amusement Houses and Resorts.
Ensign Amusement Co., dance hall . . . •  $ 40,000.00
The Ingersoll & Salt Palace Am't. Co., inc  35,000.00
Saltair Beach Co., improvements  75,000.00
Wandamere resort  130,000.00
Lagoon Summer resort  40,000.00

Erection of Present Business Structures.
The time has passed in Salt Lake City when the erection of
a business structure was limited to one, two, or three stories ic
elevation, which once was considered ample for all purposes re
quired even by the most prominent business institutions in the
community, and it was not until late in the '80s that there was
seen in Salt Lake City any public or private business block, that
went beyond this limit. After that time a few buildings com
menced to loom up beyond the previous architectural plans and
with the opening of the twentieth century Salt Lake possessed o.
comparatively few buildings that reached an elevation of six or
seven stories. Well, our conservative business men do not be
lieve in building structures for ornament only; as a rule they
have been and are being erected according to the conditions and
requirements at the particular time, with a view to early and
profitable return on the capital invested. These calculations
have been of great benefit to the city in preserving its good name
and characteristic business method, in having firm and solid
ground upon which rest its structural undertakings. On the
other hand, had wild and unrestrained estimates been carried out,

'<* ' fe* "'' M '3'-

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£?¦¦-.¦; ,.

"'• vh

NEW UNION DEPOT OF OREGON SHORT LINE AND SAN PEDRO-LOS ANGELES RAILROADS.
SALT LAKE CITY.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 99
on a mere speculative plan, with a showing of empty business
blocks and unoccupied residence houses waiting for tenants, it
would have been most detrimental to our interests, by which the
good name of our city and its conservative record would have re
ceived a decided backset. This is why Salt Lakers did not erect
the business structures of today ten or twenty years ago ; but the
great buildings, even to the "sky-scrapers," are plainly in evi
dence now, having come in their day and come to stay.

Railroads and Traffic.
This important and necessary factor for the development
and advancements of our industrial and commercial interests
is here in great array. Notwithstanding the railroads' facilites
which connect us with the east and west, the north and south,
and furnish facilites for all our importations and exports, yet it
is a subject for still further exploiting, as the continued growth
of our industry and development demand increased facility for
transportation from and to.
It is over a third of a century since the first railroad en
tered this city, which was promoted by Brigham Young and the
Mormon people, who built, owned and operated the old Utah Cen
tral and its extensions (now a part of the Oregon Short Line
system). Since that time the Union Pacific, the Denver & Rio
Grande and San Pedro and Los Angeles have made their advent,
together with several systems within the state. The traffic
on these roads on the incoming and outgoing trains, evidence the
fact that we are giving the railroads a full quota of patron
age, such as often taxes their entire capacity. The activity at
our railroad stations is the very first index of our industry that
meets' the eye of the stranger who arrives at our gates. Should
the different stations of these roads be consolidated into a union
station, it would then represent a still grander forepost of a
busy quarter of the city; as it is, we have the luxury of several
stations. Two of the finest passenger depots (in architectural
design) are under construction by the Oregon Short Line and the
Denver & Kio Grande railroads. This, with many other im
provements, to their respective systems, which involves several
millions of dollars, are also a noticeable sign of the way they
regard our city and its progressive situation.
As the floating population of Salt Lake City reaches from
300,000 to 500.000 annually, it will be readily understood that
the railroads are taking s*eps to meet the situation by prepar
ing adequate accommodations for its numerous passengers and
to meet popular requirements. The following is a description of
the new passenger depot of the Oregon Short Line, which is
under construction and which will explain the important feat
ures of this magnificent terminus of said line which will be

¦ * II '!  I I M

7-. t# tm ;

THE NEW DENVER & RIO GRANDE TERMINAL.
Now under construction in Salt Lake Citv.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 101
used as a union passenger station for the Oregon Short Line and
also the San Pedro Los Angeles and Salt Lake railroad.

New Union Passenger Station.
Total length of building is 386 feet, width 100 feet. The
building is to be used jointly by the Oregon Short Line Railroad
and the San Pedro Los Angeles and Salt Lake railroad. It eon-
tains a large, general waiting room 60 x 130 feet and small,
separate waiting rooms for men and women. Besides this the
building contains a lunch room, emergency hospital, baggage and
express rooms and offices for the officials of the two roads.
Estimated cost of depot as constructed at present is $300,-
000. When umbrella sheds and platforms' are added, the total
cost will approximate $500,000.
The style of architecture is of the early French rennaisance.
Building will be completed by July, 1909.
By the Denver & Rio Grande railroad, Salt Lake City, is
assured a passenger station, which in all respects will be a credit
to its owner, and in description as well as architectural design,
will match any in our western states. Its construction, which is
under progress, is already giving evidence of its large dimen
sions. Besides the three main railroads already mentioned, Salt
Lake is also the terminus of several local roads, namely, the Salt
Lake & Ogden, the Salt Lake & Los Angeles and the Salt Lake
& Mercur. Assurance of other roads coming into Salt Lake
is the Moffat road, the new short Line from Denver to Salt Lake,
and what is beyond question its continuation, and the Western
Pacific to San Francisco.
As to the advantages the state offers for the exploitation of
new lines, the wonderful mineral resources yet undeveloped for
lack of transportation facilities, would be sufficient in the way
of inducement. But there are stock, sheep and agricultural in
terest that would also be stimulated by new railroads, leaving
unmentioned the waste and unlimited deposits of our coal belts,
which would require every available road that could be operated
to handle this output from the coal fields which are lying idle
from lack of transportation. That Salt Lake City is a natural
railroad center and destined to become a great one is evidenced
by also its geographical situation. The rapid growth and de
velopments of surrounding states, the fast increase in population
of our western country, with many other factors, point to the
absolute demands for Iransportation and railroad facilities in all
directions, which certainly will make for Salt Lake's greatness
and increased importance.

The Old Rig: — Grandpa: "Sure, I'll get there some time. Get up! Gee!
our grandfather's style of traveling, when taking the safe EOAD

The New Rig — Sports: — "Sure, we will get there in no time. Don't it fly?"
Surprised Old Timer :— Gosh me! who ever dreamed of ever seeing that kind of
monster? Poor fellows, if that will never stop. Oh my!"

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 103
Salt Lake City's Past and Present Street Car System.
It is within the recollection of many of our "old time citi
zens" when the first appearance of a street car service in Salt
Lake City began its operations, which was conducted with a span
of mules, which for a number of years faithfully pulled the cars
through the principal streets of the city at a speed of 20 to 60
minutes to the mile, according to the condition of the weather
and with prospects of being stuck at the half-ways on the road,
when it happened to be snow-bound in the winter season, giving
the passengers a choice of wading the balance of the way through
the snow-drifts to their places of destination or lay over until
the road could be cleared. Schedule time in those days was kept
by the street cars as correctly as a time-piece would without a
dial, and all these accommodations to pedestrians could be taken
advantage of at the nominal cost of 10 cents for a fare, whether
the journey was a block or a mile long. Transfers, of course,
could be had by parting with another dime, when arriving at the
terminus, commonly known as Godbe's corner, intersection of
Main and First South streets. These small dimes which were
handed the conductors of this railroad system of course material
ly helped to keep the mules alive and the wheels of the cars well
greased in order to increase the speed.
Such was our street car service in the former days, and no
one had a license to swear or kick except the conductor and his
mules, respectively. To relieve the animals, which naturally
grew old and needed rest from life's hardships, and also the
pedestrians from a worn-out patience, the installation of an elec
tric system came as a rescue. This modern convenience had its
advent in Salt Lake City in the year 1889, and when the first
electric car was seen running along the streets of Salt Lake, it
was gazed upon with wonder and delight by an appreciative
public. The progress in this and others of various natures has rap
idly been introduced and welcomed by the citizens of Salt Lake,
who have kept pace with the times and thus found means for up
building our city, its industry and general progressiveness. From
the start the street car system has been a success here and on
this account the company has been enabled to make material im
provements from time to time, in the interest of comfort and
convenience to the public. It is but recently the well known
magnate, Mr. E. H. Harriman, purchased a controlling interest
in 1he street railway, and since this advent the entire system has
undergone complete re-construction at an expenditure of $3,-
500,000. The roads which now have been supplied with new and
heavy rails, comprise an aggregate length of over a hundred
miles and is operated by a force of 750 employes with a monthly

104

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

payroll of $80,000. In its mammoth car barn can be counted
more than a hundred electric cars used on its various lines. Re
cently the company purchased the old expositon ground, contain
ing ten acres of land, formerly owned by the Utah State Fair as
sociation, on which the company is now putting up new buildings
for cap-barns, shops and other structures, required for their
gigantic plant. It has also recently given orders for fifty new
cars of the latest and best construction, to be added to those al
ready in use on its lines. Some of these large and handsome cars
have arrived, and it is needless to state that for space and capac
ity, like those of the past, they will be found to always have
"room for one more."
With the work of Mr. Harriman, Salt Lake is being assured
one of the finest and best equipped street car systems in the
country.

THE HISTORICAL EAGLE GATE.
Built by Brigham Young in 1859. Reconstructed in 1891 .
Entrance to City Creek Canyon.

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106 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Salt Lake City's Banking Institutions.
There is virtually no evidence more reliable to base an esti
mate upon, regarding the true standard of industrial prosperity
and general business activity in a city or community, than the
banking institutions. As the movements of the pulse in the
human body indicate the healthfulness of the whole system, so
also the operation of the banks speaks for the conditon of the
business community. These are facts and figures which speak
louder than words.
Salt Lake City, by virtue of its geographical location as well
as many other fortunate circumstances which the hand of Provi
dence and men have combined in compassing, is a wonder ; out of
this once barren spot among the valleys of the Rocky mountains
it has become a city destined to be the brightest star among all
its rivals in this part of the country. From the laying of its
corner stone it has day by day and year by year experienced in
its onward moves constant addition to and increase of all its
volumes of business, commerce and industry. For proof of these
facts let us compare its yearly banking accounts of the past few
years as furnished by the Clearing House of this city as follows :
1903, $156,455,107.97; 1904, $157,256,725.96; 1905, $211,597,-
739.59 ; 1906, $288, 334, 386.35 ; 1907, $297,577,300.18.
That the banking business of Salt Lake City is built on a
solid and reliable foundation is evidenced by its many years of
existence, the popular confidence gained and the increasing pat
ronage of the public. It was through the conservative and care
ful management by the heads of these institutions during the
by-gone years when our country was experiencing the general
financial depression of the world and bank failures and assign
ments by large business houses were daily reported in the col
umns of the papers of our country, and anxiety for a general
panic was felt in every city and hamlet, that we escaped. Fear
and consternation prevailed among people who by years of toil
and saving had accumulated their means for future needs ; they
felt as if facing the peril of financial destruction. But calm and
passive the banks of Salt Lake City stood the test and none of
their doors had to or did close. Each of our banks was ready and
prepared to meet a run, but no undue fear or action to withdraw
occurred. This enviable record is given the highest credit and
esteem in the business world and it properly belongs to the banks
and bankers of our city.
Prominent among Salt Lake City banking houses are :
Walker Bros'., Bank, established in 1859, M. H. Walker, pres
ident. Deseret National bank, established 1872, Lewis S. Hills, pres
ident.

REPRESENTATIVE HEADS OF SOME OF SALT LAKE'S PROGRESSIVE
BANKING HOUSES.
Heber M. Wells, Matthew H. Walker,
Mgr. Utah Savings and Trust Co. President Walker Bros.' Bank.
W. S. McCornick,
President McCornick & Co's Bank.
P. W. Madsen, _ . W. J. Halloran,
President Western Loan & Savings Co.

President Merchants Bank.

108 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
McCornick & Company's bank, established 1873, W. S. Mc
Cornick, president.
The Commercial National bank, established 1889, J. E. Cos-
griff, president.
The National Bank of the Republic, established 1890, Frank
Knox, president.
State Bank of Utah, established 1890, Joseph F. Smith, presi
dent. Utah National bank, established 1890, Anthon II. Lund, pres
ident. Zion's Saving Bank and Trust Company, established 1873,
Joseph F. Smith, president.
Utah Savings & Trust Company, established 1888, W. S. Mc
Cornick, president; Heber M. Wells, manager.
Deseret Savings bank, established 1889, W. W. Riter, presi
dent. Utah Commercial and Savings Bank, established 1889, F. W.
Armstrong, president.
Salt Lake Security & Trust Company, established 1886, F. E.
McGurrin, president.
Western Loan & Savings company, established 1892, P. W.
Madsen, president.
Merchants Bank, established 1908, W. J. Halloran, president.

Federal Building and Postoffice.
Our city has been given one of the finest of Federal buildings
that could be had, in recognition and appreciation of the con
stantly increasing volume of industry and commerce carried on
in the community. The well known and highly respected "Uncle
Sam" permitted or ordered that half a million dollars should be
withdrawn from his treasury vaults for the mutual advantage oi
himself and the inhabitants of Salt Lake, for the erection of a
Federal building. Of course the gift was received with appre
ciation, and in return for the compliment the Salt Lakers agreed
to give him an unlimited share of their patronage, such as would
insure to his employees busy hours and prevent any possibility
of bankruptcy to his line of business. Very well ; Salt Lake has
received a building which in all respects is a credit to the times
and our situation. That our postoffice has been well patronized
and its business transactions have kept pace with the growth of
the city and state, is readily seen from the following table, which
with the few figures that are here represented, speak a volume
in the interest of our city and state :

FEDERAL BUILDING AND POSTOFFICE, SALT LAKE CITY.

110

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

Receipts of the postoffice for the past ten vears :
1898  $109,681.00
1899  115,771-90
1900  127,523.72
1901  146,222.74
1902  164,439.60
1903  185,465.17
1904  197,049.77
1905  215,868.36
1906  246,119.63
1907  280,472.98

Increase
$ 6,090.90
11,751.8218,699.0218,216.86
21,025.57 11,584.60
18,818.5930,251.2734,352.35
Other items of our postal system are also of interest, as fol
lows: The postoffice receives daily 40 mails and dispatches daily
the same number. It has in the city 24 sub-stations. Its em
ployees number 74 clerks, 68 carriers, 4 special messengers, 7
rural carriers, and 19 station clerks.
Roster of Salt Lake's postmasters from the beginning. The
earliest records show it as Salt Lake, California Territory ; name
of postoffice changed to Salt Lake City, Utah, with following
appointments of postmasters: Joseph L. Haywood, January
18, 1849; Willard Richards, August 9, 1850; Elias Smith,
May 15, 1854; William Bell, September 8, 1885; Elias Smith,
August 16, 1856; Hiram F. Morrell, October 28, 1856; Wil
liam Bell, March 28, 1861; Thomas B. H. Stenhouse, April 12,
1862 ; Nathan Stein, April 10, 1866 ; Anthony W. Street, March 21,
1867; John M. Moore, December 1, 1869; John T. Lynch, Novem
ber 26, 1877; William C. Brown, January 13, 1886; Caleb R. Bar-
ratt, March 25, 1887 ; Irving A. Benton, May 7, 1890 ; Albert H.
Nash, November 10, 1892; Caleb R Barratt, April 1, 1895; Arthur
L. Thomas, January 7, 1898.

Salt Lake's Financial Situation.
When compared with the financial showing of other cities of
similar proportions the monetary mercury of Salt Lake City's
business thermometer is shown to have raised to an equal or even
higher temperature in many instances. These facts indicate the
sound and conservative management obtaining in all departments
of public and private concern. The financial situation of this
city will be better estimated by the reader when the following
figures are perused and taken into consideration in connection
with other statements on previous and following pages of this
work: At the close of the year, January 31, 1907, the records of our
municipal affairs showed a bonded indebtedness of $3,798,000.
Revenues received from all sources of its income were $1,-
136,135.51 for the year 1907.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

Ill

\Assets, including valuation of our municipal properties was
$11,277,713.89. ^Assessed valuation of Salt Lake's real and personal proper
ties for 1907 was $46,961,981.
The tax levy on city property for 1907 amounted to $610,-
505.75.

Banking and Other Accounts.
Bank clearance for 1907 was $297,577,300.18. Total de
posits in banks at the close of 1908, $34,695,384.51.
Other items : wholesale and jobbing trade for the past five
years, give also evidence of a Steady growth of our business ca
pacity, as seen from the following figures :
Jobbing trade for 1903  $36,337,500
Jobbing trade for 1904  41,691,000
Jobbing trade for 1905  42,500,000
Jobbing trade for 1906  49,500,000
Jobbing trade for 1907  54,282,500
Salt Lake stock exchange, sales of stocks 1897-1908, $42,390,976.20

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SALT LAKE CITY IN 1868.
Looking northwest from the old City Hall .

A GLIMPSE OF SOUTH TEMPLE. OR BRIGHAM STREET.
(Looking East from Third East Street .) .
Salt Lake's Finest Boulevard, ending at Fort Douglas. About Three Miles in Length from the Temple.

A FEW OF BRIGHAM STREET'S HANDSOME RESIDENCES.
Homes of D. C. Jackling, Hon. M. H. Walker and ex-Senator Thomas Kearns.

114 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Summary of Facts Regarding Salt Lake City.

What it possesses:
An unexcelled climate for each season the year round.
An area covering 51 1-4 square miles.
A population of 112,345 inhabitants.
A splendid water works system, owned by the taxpayers.
A school population of over 20,000.
A public school system of up-to-date standard schools and
school property (private and public) exceeding $4,000,000 in
value. Numerous church edifices with a combined valuation of $10,-
000,000. An assessed city valuation (1907) of $46,961,918.
A bank clearing record (1907) of $292,158,323.61.
Public improvements of metropolitan type.
A steady rebuilding of the business quarter.
Improvement in and reconstructing the street car system.
Activity in erecting new railroad stations.
Progress in extending public improvements.
A moving organization for enlarging trade and commerce.
A moving organization for establishing enterprises.
A city of many moves and wonderful gains.
Among our resources and aids are :
A geographical position for a great metropolitan city.
Inestimable wealth of natural resources at our door.
Inducements for new enterprises.
A city of grand opportunities.
A choice spot for home-seekers.
A sanitarium for many ills.
Lowest death rate of any of the large cities — only nine per
thousand. Excellent railroad facilities to points both far and near.
Good local and export markets for the products of our in
dustry. A growing revenue from surrounding countries and states.
A busy community and a prosperous state.
Steam, water and electric power for all purposes needed.
Unlimited supply of building materials.
Resources and facilities for manufacturing establishments.
A vast field for new enterprises and the greater development
of city and state.
Demands for greater capacity of our home industries.
And many other evidences of a growing city.

REPRESENTATIVE HEADS OF UTAH'S INDUSTRIAL AND
COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS.
J. G . McDonald . W.J. Halloran .
O . H . Hewlett. Edw. F . Colborn .

: 3? P Mill *fl
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TWO OF THE LEADING HOTELS OF SALT LAKE CITY.
The Wilson Hotel, The Knutsford Hotel,

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

117

Hospitals of Salt Lake City.
.Salt Lake is well provided with facilities for administering to
the needs of the sick and injured, as it enjoys the benefits ol
three large general hospitals, besides several private institutions
which in every respect are up-to-date in efficiency and treatment.
Salt Lake give peculiar advantages to this class of institutions,
being favored with a mild climate, and a general atmosphere that
is unexcelled for the treatment of disease. For this reason it is
reasonable to predict that the Salt Lake hospitals will extend their
field to bounds that but few at present anticipate.
St. Mark's Hospital.
The St. Mark's hospital, which is the oldest institution of
the kind in the city, was established in 1869 by Bishop Tuttle ot
the Episcopal church. This also entitles it to the distinction of
being the oldest hospital in the inter-mountain region. It was
formerly located at Fourth South and Fifth East streets, but was
moved several years ago to its present quarters, on Second West,
between Seventh North and Eighth North streets, near the Warm
Springs.

Holy Cross Hospital.
The Holy Cross hospital, conducted under the direction ot
the Catholic church, is located on First South, between Tenth
East and Eleventh East streets, where it occupies a commanding
position near the center of the block. The large two and three-
story building stands on a slight elevation, as the well-kept lawn
covered with an excellent growth of trees, slopes gently in all
directions.

118 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Latter-day Saints Hospital.
The Dr. W. H. Groves Latter-day Saints hospital came into
existence through the gift of the late Dr. Groves, who bequeathed
his property, from which $50,000 was realized, for i s construc
tion. This sum was increased by a contribution from the Laiter-
day Saints church and by donations from individuals until it
amounted to more than $215,000, and ihe present modern hospital
is the result.
It is needless to say that each of these hospitals has an
efficient staff of physicians which is attending to all cases of af
flictions, and many serious and difficult operations have been
performed by Salt Lake's surgeons, which have attracted atten
tion of the Medical fraterni y of our country.

The Press.
In connection with industry and commerce, the press, as a
matter of fact, is an all-powerful factor. Like an individual, the
press has its developed thoughts and opinions, which it fixes on
matters of various concern. To our local press is due a great
deal of credit in the upbuilding of the city, its industries and com
merce, in fact the accomplishment of every public undertaking
and the promotion of the general welfare of the community.
Salt Lake City is possessed of five daily newspapers and a
number of other publications, issued at weekly or other periodi
cal times. The keynote of all is the upbuilding and advancement
of "Greater Salt Lake." Following are the dailies:
The Deseret Evening News, established 1850.
Salt Lake Tribune, established 1870.
Salt Lake Herald, established 1870.
Salt Lake Telegram, established 1902.
The Inter-Mountain Republican, established 1906.
Following are some of Salt Lake's early day publications:
1858 — The Valley Tan, weekly, Kirk Anderson editor.
1863-67— Daily Union Vidette, Daniel McLaughlin editor.
1864-69— Salt Lake Daily Telegraph, T. B. H. Stenhouse editor.
1873— Utah Mining Gazette, F. T. Perris, editor.
1876-80 — Rocky Mountain Christian Advocate, Rev. G. M. Pierce
editor.
1878— The Salt Lake Daily Independent, G. W. Emery editor.
1872-73 — Utah Mining Journal.
1873 — The New Endowment, daily, W. J. Forbes editor.
1885-87— Evening Democrat.
1887-88 — Journal of Commerce.
1891-92— Salt Lake Times, Wm. E. Smythe editor.
1888-89— The Western Weekly, G. Q. Coray editor.
1895 — The New Star, daily, S. A. Kenner editor.

PERMANENT HOMES OF SALT LAKE S PIONEER PRESS.
Salt Lake Tribune. Deseret News.

120 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Fort Douglas.
This garrison, which is situated at the foot of the Wasatch
range overlooking the city of Salt Lake, is a most interesting
spot with its vicinity. It is noted for its attractive features, as also
the historical events which attach to it.
On one of the buildings occupied as headquarters is seen a
slab on the outside wall which has the following inscription :
Camp Douglas.
Established October, 1862, by General P. E. Connor,
Comd. 2d and 3d Cal. Vol.
Rebuilt in 1875-76 by
14th U. S. Infantry.
Col. John E. Smith, Comd.
Lon. Ill degrees' 50 minutes, 18.2 seconds west,
Lat. 40 degrees 45 minutes 47.47 seconds north,
Alt. 4,904 feet.
The name of General P. E. Connor, who founded and estab
lished this military post, is well interwoven with the history of
our state, and much could be said to his honor and credit as a
military man and otherwise. Shortly after his arrival at Camp
Douglas he went with 200 troops to fight a band of Shoshone
Indians, near Bear river, twelve miles north of Franklin, Idaho.
The Indians numbered over 400. About sixteen soldiers and
some 225 Indians were killed, including the chiefs Bearhunter,
Sagwitch and Lehi. The savages were entirely defeated. This
is known as the Bear River battle.
In many other conflicts with the Indians did Gen. Connor
give proof of his courage and ability to fight the hostile savages.
History also points to Gen. Connor as one of the founders of
Utah 's Mining industry to which he paid a great deal of attention
and participated in the first discovery of Utah's mineral re
sources. Gen. Connor was born in the south of Ireland, March 17th,
1820, and died at Salt Lake City, December 19th, 1891. His re
mains were laid to rest among the soldiers at the Fort Douglas
cemetery. A great many improvements have lately been made at the
fort and more are still planned in the way of buildings, etc. Three
new barracks have lately been completed and with an additional
expenditure of $250,000 for the erection of three more barracks,
hospital and bakery, the post will have a number of fine quarters
for each of the companies, besides all other necessary conveni
ences and equipments. At present the 15th infantry, under com
mand of Colonel Walter S. Scott, is stationed at the post ; it in
cludes 50 officers and 778 men. The infantry band, which num
bers 28 pieces, gives an open air concert on Sundays and every

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

121

other day during the week, which, with other attractions, draw
a large number of visitors at suitable season.

GEN. P. EDWARD CONNOR.

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FORT DOUGLAS IN GEN. CONNOR'S DAYS.
(Photo taken in 1S67 by C. W. Carter.)
122 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Scenic Attractions.

IT is a well known fact that Utah is the panoramic state of
the Union, the wonderland of the world, the treasure house of
nature. Many are they who have attempted to picture some of her
splendid landscapes with brush and pen, but the real charms of
her nature must be looked upon to appreciate their full grandeur.
From the views of her majestic mountains with their diadems of
glittering snow the year round to the sparkling streams like sil
very belts that wind around the feet of these everlasting hills
and along precipitious steps until they find their way to the val
ley and the farms below, is a rare, yet common experience. Ro
mance dwells in these mountains with their rocks and trees, the
dizzy, awe-inspiring cliffs among which are found thousands of
little nooks and dells where people go in summer to rest from
the turbulent world and its fervent heat, and, forgetting their
cares and anxieties, renew their friendships with nature.
In Salt Lake City this very scenery is almost at our door and
but one hour's ride will bring a party into the heart of these de
lightful situations. Cottonwood canyons, Parley's — Emigration,
and City Creek canyons — are all visited by thousands in the
summer season, these either camping in tents or having perma
nent summer habitations for their private use ; while her-3 and
there are also established resorts for public convenience. Fish
ing, hunting, bathing and numerous other sports are the general
program for these summer vacations. Where is there a city where
such an enjoyable time can be at once reached in 1he hot summer
days? The pleasant hours which may be spent in our mountain
dells within nature's reposing parlors may be sung in the follow
ing words: Our mountain home so dear,
Where crystal waters clear
Flow ever free.
While thro ' valleys wide
The flowers on every side
Are fair to see.
We'll roam the verdant hills
And by the sparkling rills
Pluck the wild flowers.
The fragrance on the air,
The landscape bright and fair
And sunshine everywhere
Make pleasant hours.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

123

Summer Resorts.

A CLIMPSE OF BEAUTIFUL WANDAMERE.

Wandamere.

No more fitting name than "Wandamere," which means a
beautiful rural retreat, could be given to this picturesque garden
for recreation. It possesses all kinds of attractions for picnic
parties and people who by the thousands gather to the delight
ful park in the summer season. Thousands of dollars have in
late years been spent to improve its many features and in the
construction of all sorts of contrivances for sport and enjoy
ment to young and old.
The park contains about 64 acres of ground, and has a small
lake for boating and other attractive features. It is the pioneer
resort of our city and was for many years known as Calder's
park. Its location is but five miles southeast of the city and
is reached by the street cars, which pass through one of the most
attractive parts of the Salt Lake valley.

124

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

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THE SALTAIR PAVILION.
Saltair.
In visiting the Great Salt Lake, which is reached by rail, about
15 miles west of Salt Lake City, the saltair bathing and sum
mer resort is the favorite place, which draws thousands of people
daily during the summer season. Here the great pavilion is an
attraction which has few parallels among the most noted resorts.
At Saltair is had a magnificent panoramic view of the fa
mous Great Salt Lake with its islands, the thousands of bathers
in the lake, the largest dancing pavilion known, and finally the
grandest and most picturesque sunset ever seen. The magnitude
and characteristic features of the construction of the Saltair pa
vilion may be comprehended from the following description : The
pavilion was built by Salt Lake capital and Salt Lake
workmen. Style of architecture, Moorish. Its construction com
menced Feb. 1, 1893 and was completed June 1, 1893. Cost $350,-
000. Built on the waters of Great Salt Lake, 4,000 feet from
shore, and resting on 2,500 10-inch piling. Total length of build
ings, 1,250 feet. Total width of the buildings, 335 feet.
Height from water to top of main tower, 130 feet. Size of lunch
and refreshment pavilion, 141x252 feet. Size of dancing
floor, 140x250 feet. Number of bath houses. 1,000.
Number of electric lights, 1,250 incandescent and 40
arc, surmounted by one arc light of 2.000 candle power.
VIEW OF PICTURESQUE LAGOON.
One of Salt Lake's Favorite Summer Resorts.

126

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

At Lagoon.
(By Nels Forsberg.)
At Lagoon it is sunny,
Clear, refreshing and green ;
See, my own chosen bonny,
What a beautiful scene !
Lillies will I be winding
'Round thy fluttering hair,
Garlands will I be binding
For my queen 'mong the fair.
Hear the birds' happy twitter —
Sounds from bush and tree ;
See the waves how they glitter
In the sunbeams so free.
In this park most entrancing,
With its sweet scenting air,
I will rove and be dancing
With my queen 'mong the fair.

'SSSms^ •¦ ¦

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A SUNSET ON GREAT SALT LAKE.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 127
Liberty and Other Parks,
Among the public grounds of Salt Lake City, Liborly park
is the largest, most prominent and most attractive for recreation
to the public in the summer season. In early days it was the
property of Brigham Young, and was used then for pastures and
other profitable purposes. A grist mill was built on the ground
in 1852, which building is still preserved as an old landmark in
honor of its famous owner. In 1880 the ground was purchased
from the Brigham Young estate by the city for a public park,
Feramorz Little being mayor of the city at the time of this trans
action. William Jennings succeeded Mr. Little in that office and
during his administration attention was given to the improve
ment of the ground for a public park. Mr. C. H. Wilcken was
appointed superintendent of the park and Arnold Schultess, a
Swiss landscape gardner, was employed at the beginning of de
signing and improving the ground. Since then thousands of dol
lars have been spent by our municipal administrations to make
the park a most fitting and attractive spot for public use and en
joyment. It contains 110 acres of ground and is a favorite place
for outings during the- summer season. Celebrations of holidays
and various other gatherings are held in this spacious and at
tractive place. Held's military band has for a number of years
furnished instrumental musical concerts on Sundays and holi
days for public entertainment. The park is situated in the
southeastern part of the city. Its main entrance is on Ninth
South and Fifth East streets and is reached by the street cars.
Of other like places within the city limits the Pioneer and
City Hall parks have great merit, and are attractive grounds for
walking and reposing. A great deal of interest and attention is
given by our public-spirited citizens and the municipal adminis
tration in the way of beautifying the city in every direction, and
for this purpose steps have already been taken to increase the
number of parks in places where the most attractive and inter
esting features can be obtained. In this connection parks and
boulevards are being designed at places where scenic views of
the city and valley are unfolded to the gaze. Our broad and
handsome residence streets are fast appearing in a paved and
parked form, and with these continuous improvements the city
is fast approaching an appearance that will impel its admirers to
question, Why is life so short?

s^h-

TOWNSEND HOUSE, OR CONTINENTAL HOTEL
A Famous Hotel in the '70s for Social Occasions as well as a Hostelry for
Tourists Visiting Salt Lake

A SCENE IN ECHO CANYON.
A Passage for the Pioneers and Emigrants Coming to Salt Lake Before the Advent
of Railroads. About Fifteen Miles East of Salt Lake.

Some of Our Philanthropists and Standard
Bearers for Greater Salt Lake

HILE actions speak louder than words, and achieve
ments climb higher than promises, it is but natural
and generally proper that designs as well as ac
complishments' be considered. In every case, honor
and credit are due him who. redeems his words and
promises by actions and results ; such becoming a creator of
confidence and trust,: and establishing finally an unshaken faith
regarding the fulfillment of undertakings in view.
The visible conditions and means that enwrap the City of
Salt Lake from its early infancy have been an assurance to the ob
serving citizens that its destiny was and is to become a magnifi
cent metropolis, perhaps the greatest of the inter-mountain re
gion. The historians have prophetically written its' future, the
poets have rhymed its growing grandeur and the musical tones
of its past and future have been sung far and wide. Others have
evidenced their faith in the coming events in a more substantial
form, by actions as well as words, and of these it can be said
they are "legion."
The Greater Salt Lake is the topic and key-note of the time.
The standard has been unfolded and around it is rallying every
citizen whose heart beats warm for the grand metropolis that
is and will be.
To turn to achievements made in advancement of our city,
which mark its rapid growth in our day, the citizen of Salt Lake
takes pride in pointing to the immense work in this direction
which is done and being undertaken by indviduals as well as or
ganized bodies, whose interest in our city is thus manifested.
Among these it is a pleasure to mention a few whose work shows
that their eyes are viewing the future as well as the present, this
without design of invidiousness or at all to the detriment of those
of the grand army whom it is impossible to mention.

ctLi.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 131
William Spry, Governor.
If this were to be the narrated romance of a man's career,
it might well be entitled, "From Stable Boy to Governor," but
since it is merely an unromantic, dispassionate, and not too ex
travagant an account of the life of the first citizen of the state,
the incident that contributed to making William Spry a man
perfectly fitted for governor, will be recorded as interestingly as
possible. Mr. William Spry recently took his seat in the highest office
within the gift of the State — that of Governor, to which position
of trust and responsibility he was elected Nov. 3, 1908, by a de
cided plurality. Of course, the chief executive of a great and
growing state is not selected at random from the masses, but
after due deliberation, by reason of his qualifications and iitncss
for the office. Under our democratic form of government many
are called and many are chosen, but there is always a discrimi
nate sifting before any man is placed upon the pedestal of public
trust. The most careful observation of the private and public
life of William Spry has revealed nothing that would operate
against his fitness for the position into which he has: just entered
William Spry was born at Windsor, Berkshire, England,
January 11, 1864. His father made a living at the trade of tailor
ing, and the young man had to be contented with a limited edu
cation which he received in the common schools, mostly before
the age of 11. The parents affiliated themselves with the church
of Latter-Day Saints, in which faith William Spry was born and
brought up. Remaining in England, their native home until 1875,
the Spry family emigrated to Utah, and located at Salt Lake, City.
Naturally, the emigrants, on arrival at their destination,
sought first to prepare a home and to obtain means for subsist
ence, and no available means are discarded at such time. Hence,
every opportunity must be taken advantage of, and every hand
had to "pull a straw to the stack." William made himself quite
useful, seeing the necessity, and showed himself to be no back
slider in the family as a hustler. "What can I do now?" might
have been his first question. "Well, try your luck as a stable boy
and you may be promoted later on," was the answer; and he did.
Next, William Spry was in the blacksmith shop, manipulating the
sledge hammer, and then turning his attention to railroading, he
secured a position, when he must have exclaimed, "Now, the
world is mine." If a railroad wouldn't bring the world to the
feet of young William, now, what would? Well, so as to rub
against all manner of vital life and learning, farming and stock-
raisingwere not lost sight of, and to this vocation he devoted a por
tion of his time. Having reached his maturity, he went forth

132 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
into the world to preach the gospel, his field of labor in this di
rection being the Southern states, where he employed his talents
as a missionary of the Mormon faith, spending six years in this
calling, of which for four years he was presiding over the entire
southern mission, being released in the fall of 1891 to return to
his home in Utah. Another important event in Governor Spry's
journey of life came to pass on July 10, 1890, when he united
himself in marriage with a young and lovable lady of his choice,
Miss Mary Alice Wrathall. Five children have been born to
them, three of them are living.
In political affiliation Governor Spry has allied himself with
the Republican party, to which he has been a stand-by of the
most solid caliber, taking up 4ts cause and ji ining its ranks at
the time the People's party disbanded. The capabilities of Mr.
Spry could not be hidden from the attention of his party, which
soon drew him into public life. In the third precinct of Salt
Lake, where he lived, there could not at first be found, even with
the aid of a lantern, more than a few Republicans; nevertheless,
this territory was used for seeding for a bigger crop, and to-day
the Republicans represent a very big company. When the first
Republican City ticket was placed in the field, he served as judge
of election, this being his first active political duty. In 1893
he removed to Tooele county, where, in 1894, he was elected
collector, serving in this position until the legislature abolished
the office. In 1902 he was elected a representative from Tooele
county to the legislature. In 1904 he was made chairman of the
Republican State committee, when, under his skilful direction,
Roosevelt received nearly 30,000 plurality from Utah. In 1905
he was appointed to the State Land Board, and served as its
President until he received the appointment of United States
Marshal for Utah, which office he retained until nominated for
Governor, September 15, 1908.
His private life is a counterpart of his public career — a clean
record. No more eloquent expression could be given at greater
length. He is a man of excellent character and habits and whose
countenance expresses intelligence, kindness and consciousness of
his fellow-man 's equal rights. He knows men and he knows _af-
fairs. The variegated training he has received through the forty
odd years of his life has given him an insight into character, a
knowledge of the world and a keen appreciation of the broad
doctrine of humanity. He has demonstrated that he possesses
wide executive ability. Being a self-made man, he knows how to
look upon success, for he has tasted the opposite. He is a splen
did example of the western type of manhood, and one whose ca
reer will be further vindicated in the administration he is to give
to the affairs of this great commonwealth — an administration

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 133
that his friends and admirers say will be the very best the state
has ever enjoyed.
Thus, by the election of William Spry, the people of Salt
Lake have had the honor of placing three of its citizens in the
gubernatorial chair since the coming of statehood.

Ex-Mayor Ezra Thompson.
The citizens of Salt Lake City have reason to point with
appreciation and pride to the grand achievements in the upbuild
ing of a city and commonwealth which have been accomplished
here. But while we gaze upon and admire the visible transfor
mations wrought by a thrifty and industrious community, the
men and women who have done the work are not to be overlooked,
but now and then it becomes proper to point out some of its
chief promoters that have exhibited philanthropic and public-
spirited acts both in private and public life. Among those build
ers of the past and present, one to whom the executive adminis
tration of our city's welfare has thrice been entrusted, is Ezra
Thompson, who stands prominent among those of the past, whose
name has been handed down with the history of our city.
Mr. Thompson is a Salt Laker by birth, being born here on
July 17, 1850. He complacently looks back to the time when he
was a figure among his playmates on the school grounds and the
busy incidents of his early manhood, the recollection of such
matters being one that lingers long in a useful man's memory.
Beferring to the career and achievements of Ezra Thompson,
a tracing from his record evidences the fact that he is a man of
western type that has left no opportunity pass without grasp
ing hold with firmness and determination. Thus, in the zenith
of his life his attention was drawn to the opening of the mines
of Utah. Learning of the untold wealth to be found in our hills
and mountains' when its discovery came to the ears of the public,
naturally young Thompson, who possesses a portion of that com
mon desire to get rich quick if you can or by degrees if it takes
time, lost no chance that seemed available. Next on the program
was the question, where shall I strike the first blow in the ground
that will yield a profitable return? It was not the old play
ground, but a new working one was looked for, and with this ob
ject in view he started out with a light load of experience as a
newly fledged miner. Having read something of miners' lives and
adventures and the ins and outs of miners' luck, he braced up
with all his nerve strings at his command to tackle the rough and
tumble trails of a miner's calling. Park City in those days was
coming to the front as a producer of precious minerals, and it
was there Mr. Thompson went to build his cabin and started his

0-7Ws/Cv^7^rtJ

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 135
eventful career in mining operations. The situations in this camp
as he found it was by no means attractive, as this ground has
been known as not being a "poor man's camp," as attested by
the attempts made by more experienced miners who have opened
"holes in the ground" and left them, discouraged. Others again,
who might have found fortunes here, did not venture long enough
to have a good chance. Not so with Mr. Thompson. Here he
concluded to turn the hills inside out till he found the pocket that
held the metal. The absence of a railroad for transportation of
ore was a great drawback, shipping of which had to be done by
hauling the ore with teams. This gave him an opportunity to
make sure-money at the start by ore-hauling and he was quick
to make it, having a good supply of teams, showing his efficient
management in all the details for successful operations in this
line of business, which required a good deal of judgment. The
first mining venture with which he was connected in an owner
ship way was the old Northland and Nevada which lay so near
the Silver King as to eventually be absorbed by the latter com
pany. From this time on, Mr. Thompson's mining operations
have been a matter of continued success until this day, which
finds him interested in substantial holdings of several famous bo
nanzas. It is needless to say that Mr. Thompson is not hoarding
his fortune in a stocking or otherwise, as the various other enter
prises in which he is engaged go to show, and not the smallest
portion of his means has he invested in Salt Lake City, where he
is heavily interested in a number of realty holdings of substantial
character. In the political arena it is on record that Mr. Thompson,
while residing in Park City, took an active part, serving two
terms in the City Council at that place. Upon returning to Salt
Lake City he was urged by his many friends to enter the arena
here, which he was very reluctant to do, but finely yielded and
soon proved that he could be successful in politics as well a^in
business. He soon came into a popular swim, so to speak; with
his qualification and many characteristics he was soon selected
as the man wanted at the head of our municipal government;
and he became a candidate for Mayor in the campaign of 1899,
being elected on the 7th day of November following to that of
fice. His efficiency and popularity while in office are best esti
mated by the fact that he succeeded himself at the expiration of
his first term, and subsequently in 1905 was nominated and
elected to a third term.
With this brief account of Mayor Thompson's career, he is
herein enrolled among those of our citizens who have made and
are making great names and living useful lives.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 137
Ex-Governor Heber M. Wells.
In ex-Governor Heber M. Wells is found a true representa
tive of the intellectual, progressive and upbuilding energies which
characterize the people of our City and State as a whole. Born
and raised in the City of Salt Lake, he and his native town have
grown up together from infancy into full development, both full
of life and vigor, both progressive and prosperous and each hav
ing an interest in the other. Most lasting and sacred ties bind
them firmly and forever together. It is a period of nearly fifty
years since the subject of this sketch began his career among his
fellow, beings, or to be exact, August 11, 1859 is the date of his
advent. The young Heber received the best educational training
available in his days of study in Salt Lake City, proceeding from
the rudimentary to the more advanced classes with gratifying
rapidity and graduating at sixteen years of age from the Deseret
University. Soon after he entered the services of the City as a
deputy tax collector and from this time on in his career has
filled positions in various departments of public life in which
respect he has advanced until finally landing in the gubernatorial
chair, to which he was elected in 1895J thereby becoming the first
Governor of the State of Utah, a position which he held for two
successive terms, from 1896 until 1905.
The passing events which so materially have changed and
transformed the conditions of his birthplace from childhood to
the present time, cannot fail to furnish his mind with a most
vivid comprehension of how we are progressing and how far we
have got. The private and public career of Gov. Wells is an
open book for the citizens of Salt Lake, as well as the people of
Utah at large. He is one of the sons of that sterling citizen and
true patriot Daniel H. Wells, Attorney General of the provisional
State of Deseret, and several times Mayor of Salt Lake; the
mother being Martha Harris.
In financial affairs Governor Wells is largely interested in
various enterprises and particularly in the prosperous banking
house of which he is the managing head — the Utah Savings &
Trust Company; while his legion of friends have no reluctance
about telling you that his public career is by no means ended.
The career of ex-Governor Wells in official capacity of public
trust, which he has held for many years, has naturally also given
him a prominence in social circles which by his integrity,
courteous manners and social endearments have won for him the
admiration and esteem of not only the host of his intimate
friends, but every citizen of our community and state.

e%

04S

Ds^l^c

B?^S??

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 139
Ex-Governor Arthur L. Thomas.
Mr. Thomas was born in Chicago, 111., in 1851. His parents
removed to Pittsburg, Pa., in 1852, in which state his mother was
born in 1825 at the Welsh settlement at Ebensburg, Cambria
county. His father was born at Landore, Glamorganshire,
Wales, in 1820. Mr. Thomas attended the Pittsburg public schools
until he was about ten years of age and then was put to work in
the Pennsylvania forge, on Second Ave., Pittsburg. At the age of
eighteen he was appointed a clerk in the national House of Rep
resentatives at Washington, D. C, serving until April, 1879, when
he was appointed by President Hayes as Secretary of Utah to
succeed Levi P. Lucky, President Grant's private secretary, who
resigned. He served as Secretary of Utah for a little over eight
years, having been re-appointed by President Garfield in 1883.
In December, 1886, he was appointed by President Cleveland a
member of the Utah Commission to succeed ex-Senator Paddock
of Nebraska, who resigned, serving until April, 1889, when he
was appointed Governor of Utah by President Harrison, serving
until April, 1893. He was appointed Postmaster at Salt Lake
City, Utah, in January, 1898, by President McKinley and was re
appointed in 1902 by President Roosevelt and again re-appointed
by him in 1906.
Governor! Thomas has filled other public positions with
credit and ability. He was supervisor of census in 1880 and in
1881 was appointed as special agent to collect statistics of the
schools and churches of Utah and received from the Interior de
partment a special letter of thanks for the manner in which the
work was performed. In 1884 he was appointed a member of the
commission to compile and revise the laws of Utah.
In all of his official career, Mr. Thomas has filled the various
positions he has held with marked efficiency and ability, and with
a devotion to duty that has earned for him the respect of the
people he has so faithfully served.
While Governor of Utah, he approved the free public school
law under which the schools of Salt Lake City and Utah have
advanced to the front rank. This law was prepared by Prof.
Benner and Mr. Collett, members of the Legislative council from
Salt Lake and Tooele counties, and Mr. Thomas.. One of his
greatest achievements was the issuing of a call for the first irri
gation congress which assembled in Salt Lake City, Utah, and
which laid the foundation for the legislation which has since
been adopted in aid of the development and settlement of the
arid land of the west. Governor Thomas was' the chairman of
the commission which selected the plans and directed the con
struction of the first wing of the Agricultural College at Logan ;

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 141
of the board which erected the Reform School at Ogden; of the
Commission which selected the plans and erected the new peni
tentiary buildings at Salt Lake City, Utah ; and a member of other
boards which have erected public buildings in Utah.
During his administration as Governor there occurred the
greatest business devleopment in the history of the territory and
his administration is universally recognized as being one of the
most important in the history of Utah. During his incumbency
of the office as postmaster many valuable improvements have been
made. Governor Thomas was the father of the rural free delivery
system in the state and installed the first route at Murray, Utah.
The growth of the Salt Lake City post office under his manage
ment has been phenomenal and the office is recognized today as
one of the best in the country.
A more courteous, genial and kindly gentleman can not be
found within the borders of our state. His long residence among
us is a record of integrity and of the highest achievements for
the general welfare, and he enjoys the esteem and appreciation of
his fellow citizens, irrespective of party or creed.
In politics, Mr. Thomas is a staunch Republican and has al
ways been loyal to- his party without regard to personal interest.
He has taken an active part in Utah political contests and has
been chairman of many Republican State conventions, and has
always been one of the leaders of his party. His career is one of
which any man might be proud and it reflects credit and honor
upon the State and himself.

W. S. McCornick.

In Mr. McCornick is found a typical representative of the
progressive and enterprising business man of our country. For
many years Mr. McCornick has been closely identified with nearly
all the local interests and has been a signal factor in the growth
of Salt Lake City. Here he staked his fortune and bravely met
every ordeal that has passed over the community, of which he has
been a vital part, during the time of his long residence here. In
financial affairs, Mr. McCornick is a conservative, yet ener
getic and successful business man. In executive administration
he is a power for accomplishment; in political affairs his influ
ence is sought by all ; on municipal questions his words and advice
have great weight, especially as to execution. To enumerate the
important and successful transactions made possible by his per
sonality and to particularize the many positions filled by Mr.

142 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
McCornick, both in private and public affairs, which have aided
the substantial development of our city and community, would
require a chapter of itself. Sufficient to say that the history of
Salt Lake City could not be written in a complete form without
devoting a conspicuous chaper to the works he has performed in
the interest of the common Avelfare. Hardly any industry or busi
ness undertaking of importance has reached profitable operation
in our locality that Mr. McCornick, in a more or less degree, is
not interested in and identified with. Engaging in unpretentious
business venture in the early part of '70s his foresight has
been such as to cause an unfailing growth through all the years
since then until to-day he stands at the head of a number of pros
perous business institutions, among which the McCornick & Co.
banking house is in the lead, an institution having larger deposits
than any other bank between Denver and San Francisco. Aside
from this, Mr. McCornick is the president of the Utah National
Bank, the Utah Savings fy Trust Company, the Bank of Garfield
and the Twin Falls Bank & Trust Co. ; also director of several
other banks, and corporations, of which are the Bell Telephone
Co., the Utah & Idaho Sugar Co., the Raft River Land & Live
Stock Co., the McCornick building, the Silver King Coalition Co.,
the Daly West Mining Co., the American Smelting & Refining Co.,
the Oregon Short Line R. R. Co., the Ontario Mining Co. and the
Utah Light and Railway Co.
Thus, it will be seen that Mr. McCornick is one of our fore
most financiers who stands as a representative of the foremost en
terprising organizations which are pillars of our commonwealth.
In 1901 Mr. McCornick was a candidate before the Republi
can caucus of the fourth legislature for the position of United
States' senator, and was strongly supported. It was realized
then, and has been fully sensed since, that no fitter name was
presented. That he would make a representative in the upper
house of congress whose work his constituents would have no
reason to be dissatisfied with, is everywhere conceded; but the
fortune of politics landed the prize elsewhere. His general popu
larity makes it clear that it is only a matter of time when the
name of Mr. McCornick will be placed as high in the official rep
resentation of our State as it is now in the financial concerns of
those institutions which have won and to-day deserve the un
changing confidence of the public.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 143
Matthew H. Walker.
While the saying that environment is the school which will
shape the destiny and career of the individual may be true, ex
ceptions are often seen, where the individual by his own re
sources lifts himself above his surroundings and forces his way
to grander objects than the surrounding conditions seamed to
map out for him. Referring to the past and present of the sub
ject of this sketch, a striking example will be found of the fact
that unaided individual competition sometimes rewards its own
merits, Mr. M. II. Walker, one of Salt Lake's highly respected citi
zens, is a native of Yeadon, Yorkshire, England, where he was
born January 16, 1845. While a lad of some four or five years,
his parents removed to this country with their family, settling in
St. Louis, where for two years they remained before coming on
to Salt Lake, with a band of hardy pioneers of those days. After
experiencing the many hardships with which the venturesome
settlers were forced to become familiar, the family arrived in this
valley in the year 1852. There were four sons in the family,.
Matthew being the junior of his brothers. That they were en
dowed with more than the average ambition, perseverance and.
determination has been evidenced by the achievements which
they afterwards aided in bringing about in the transformation of
a desert wilderness to the prosperous commonwealth we now en
joy. Schools and opportunities for education in those early days,
at the time of his school age, were limited, and on this account
young Walker's scholarship never furnished him a diploma or
graduating certificate-; nevertheless, from that great teacher, ex
perience, he has acquired a knowledge of men and affairs equaled
by few who have had advantages thrust upon them. In the ca
reer of Mr. Walker, from his youth to the ripe age of manhood,
he has made a most exemplary and gratifying record both as
individual and business man, that reflects honor and credit upon
his decendants as well as the entire community with which he
has ever been associated.
Walker Brothers is the familiar name of a firm which for
half a century has been one of the most popular and well known
establishments in our state and country. This name represents
not only one of our leading mercantile institutions, but a bank
ing house, mining industry, and many other enterprises which
this firm is interested in.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 145
To delve into the details of the achievements accomplished
by Walker Brothers would require a volume in itself; sufficient
to say, no firm or business house has earned more respect and
esteem from an appreciative community. Mr. M. H. Walker was
admitted to full partnership with his older brothers soon after
their ventures into mercantile business in this city in the early
days, when importation and exportation were carried on by ox
train, and since then he has been an ardent student of the mer
cantile business from the ground up ; and it is from such suc
cessful business operations and experience that his business abili
ty has been developed. He is the sole surviving representative of
this great firm and has. manifested great capacity in the inaugu
ration of his concerns, which give employment to hundreds of
men; and by the association of his name with all matters tend
ing to the moral and material advancement of the community
the name of Matthew H. Walker individually and in conjunction
with the firm of Walker Brothers has become one of the pillars
which have so materially given support in. the up-building of
the commonwealth. As a man, the natural disposition and af
fections of Mr. Walker are typical in character of a true citizen,
genial and courteous to all he meets and ready with an open
, hand to aid the worthy and less fortunate, which his smypathetic
heart so often has prompted to, deeds' that will be accounted for
where the books of "good work done" shall be opened and re
wards measured out.
It may also be fitting to point to the active part and warm
interest of Mr. Walker, towards the Young Men's Christian as
sociation, with which commendable institution he has been iden
tified as one of its directors since its organization in this city, and
his liberal and generous donations at several times, which have
materially aided the accomplishment and maintenance of its new
and permanent home.

0<Vwvy£> ^•^C*«WrWe

^

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 147
Samuel Newhouse.
In evidencing faith in our City and State by work, Mr. New"
house has taken a prominent lead. This gentleman, who is so well
known in every quarter of the financial world and whose busi
ness interests stretch out not only to different parts of our
country, but also across the ocean, has given more than a pass
ing glance at the promising aspect of Salt Lake City. Heavily
interested as he is in various concerns of business, and par
ticularly in mining pursuits, from which he has achieved a vast
fortune in this and other States, notwithstanding his extensive
travels to various quarters of the globe, he has found no place
more satisfactory to him for making permanent and substantial
investment than here. This city has been selected by him as the
most promising in the country. In this respect Mr. Newhouse
has added to his account not only the interest from his own
capital, but also that of other pushing and enterprising men.
Among the numerous investments made by Mr. Newhouse in
Salt Lake City are his two business blocks each of eleven stories,
at a cost running into a million dollars apiece; also real estate
purchased in the heart of our business quarter for erection of
other structures of similar dimensions, for which plans and ar
chitectural designs are being prepared. His late investment — ¦
the purchase of Popperton Plat in the northeast part of the
city — furnishes an additional guarantee that this section of the
valley will be transformed into a most beautiful suburb to the
city, as Mr. Newhouse has taken special interest to have every
modern improvement made in regard to residences and the ar
rangement of the ground to be of the finest design. The plat
embraces 140 acres of land and is reached by the street cars in a
fifteen minutes ride.
The realty holdings of Mr. Newhouse in Salt Lake City, as
already referred to, reach a distance of eight miles in street
frontage of his residence properties, while his business properties,
have a street frontage of three-quarters of a mile or
3,960 feet, which is situated in the heart of the busi
ness district. The adventures and experience of Mr.
Newhouse are most remarkable and interesting. A few brief ac
counts of his eventful life and successful business operations,
which have been traced from his record, are here presented.
Samuel Newhouse was born in New York City, October 14th,
1853. While in his early childhood his family moved to Scran-
ton, Pennsylvania, and later to Wilksbarre, Pennsylvania. Here
the young Samuel spent his boyhood days and received his first
education in public schools, which was later continued in schools
at Philadelphia, where he studied law and was admitted to the

148 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
bar at Wilkesbarre. In that city he held a position as court clerk
of all the county courts. In 1879 he came west and located at
Leadville, Colorado. Here he engaged in the banking and brok
erage business, and later organized and conducted a transporta
tion company, which in the absence of railroad transportation
in those days, proved very lucrative. Leadville in those times
was by no means the most peaceable and easy going place to be
selected for quiet and gentle living, which the history of this
rough and tumble mining camp of early days has well established.
It did not matter about a man's' size, so long as he never showed
the white feather, and so long as he made it his business to mind
nobody else's business. These qualities young Newhouse had in
abundance. Seemingly any other employment, would have been better
for a slender young "tenderfoot" than assuming responsibility
for a score or so of rough teamsters, but Newhouse had come
West with the determination of tackling big things and he was
not to be frightened at the outset.
In those days there were no railroads to Leadville and all
supplies were "packed" over the rough mountain trails from
Denver. The men who were engaged in the business of freight
ing were rough-and-ready fellows, who deemed it a day wasted
if ever they wrapped up in their blankets without at least one
fight to their credit. But it was not long before young New-
house had the respect of every man on the trail. They soon
found that the Pennsylvania lad was a born leader of men, while
in the matter of rough and tumble fighting he was a veritable
wildcat. It is said that one half-breed teamster, who was par
ticularly obnoxious, was so thoroughly "trimmed" by Newhouse,
in a battle that lasted over an hour, that he delayed not in ab
dicating as the bully of the pack train and never reappeared in
Colorado as long as his conqueror remained on the Leadville
trail. It was not long until young Newhouse turned his attention
to mining, however. He had made a little money at freighting,
and this he invested in San Juan properties in the vicinity of
Ouray. Some of these claims paid fairly well, and he picked up
others throughout Colorado. He was looking for something bet
ter, however — something that would be his "strike" — and it was
not long until he found it. He heard of some claims in the
vicinity of Bingham, Utah, that promised well, but were tied up
in peculiar fashion. There were three holders of about 200 acres
of _ mining property. Each one of the contestants claimed every
thing, and none could prove absolute ownership. A little de
velopment work was done, but so jealous were the contestants
that no real mining could be done without bringing on injunction

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 149
suits and a flood of litigation. The property seemed hopelessly
tied up, but young Newhouse went to work and finally got all the
contestants to sell out to him. According to expert opinion the
property, which was named the Highland Boy, promised well as
a low-grade gold. Accordingly a cyanide plant was put up on
the property before any development work was done by the new
owner. But after a shaft had been sunk and a few drifts and
cross-cuts made the miners opened up a phenomenally rich vein
of copper ore. It was at a time when copper was on the up
grade in the market. Few such rich copper veins as that in the
Highland Boy are in existence, and soon Newhouse was literally
rolling in wealth.
This investment and mining operation of Mr. Newhouse was
but a starting point of his future developments in the mining and
business transactions which came to pass. Briefly, it can be re
ferred to other of his engineering schemes of- great magnitude
in undertaking, and the keen and well calculated judgement in
which his business operations have resulted in bringing about the
fortunes which today are at his command and with his many
adventures has placed him to be the "Cecil Rhodes of the West."
After his Highland Boy mine was running under good man
agement Newhouse turned his attention to other enterprises. He
had ample capital of his own now, but he was looking at larger
fields. Consequently he went to London and in a short time had
interested much of British capital in his Newhouse tunnel scheme,
which is still the talk of mining circles in the West. This tunnel
is being cut through Seaton mountain, from the mining camp of
Idaho Springs, Colo. On this mountain and on adjacent hills are
over 2,000 mines, only a small percentage of which can be worked
under present conditions on account of the difficulty of compet
ing with the water that floods the shafts. Mr. Newhouse figured
that if a great tunnel could be cut through those veins the mines
could be drained and the ore could be shipped by gravity instead
of being lifted out of the shafts in the old, expensive way. It
was also figured that when the tunnel had penetrated the moun
tains it could be used as a railroad connection between Idaho
Springs and Central City, a cutoff of several miles. It required
enormous capital to float this enterprise, but Mr. Newhouse stayed
abroad until he had secured pledges that would guarantee the
successful completion of the work. The great tunnel was started
in 1891 and today it is nearly through the mountain. Only the
stockholders know how many rich veins of ore it has cut, but
recently a single strike was made which is said to be rich enough
to make certain the repayment of all invested capital.
But while he was engineering his tunnel project, which is
probably the most gigantic mining operation ever carried out in

150 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
the United States, Mr. Newhouse was not letting other opportuni
ties slip by. He sold a half interest in one of his Utah mines to
the Standard Oil people for $6,000,000, and some of his valuable
properties in Colorado he has disposed of at not less advantageous
figures. But estimates of his wealth are at the same time apt to
be misleading, because of the man's feverish activity. Money
in his hands does not remain idle long enough to be counted. If
he makes a million in a mining scheme he stows it away in a real
estate venture or some other plan, thus making it difficult to tell
what his fortune really amounts to.
Among his numerous real estate transactions which are
known to be of great and conspicuous character in consideration
of investment and object of his design and purpose, one of these
in particular may serve of interest to mention which made our
eastern magnates to gaze in amazement at what was up in the
capital of New York.
Newhouse owns valuable properties in nearly every mining
state in the country. Occasionally he goes to New York, Lon
don or some other center of finance, and floats a new enterprise
which has taken shape in his fertile brain. On one of these trips
a few years ago he came to the conclusion that the celebrated
"Flatiron" at the juncture of Twenty-third Street and Fifth
Avenue, in the heart of the business district of New York, would
make a profitable investment for a few idle millions. Accord
ingly New York real estate men were surprised one morning to
learn that the "flatiron" belonged to young Newhouse. A few
months later the property was sold at an advance that was re
markable even for New York. The "flatiron" deal is only one
of the minor incidents in the life of the young Western mining
king, however. As a business proposition it is a bagatelle to
some of the schemes he has carried through to success in the West
— schemes that other mining men have laughed at as imprac
ticable, but which have proved successful and which have given
the name of Newhouse its potency in every mining state in the
Union. The philanthropic character of Mr. Newhouse is manifested
in his many charitable and public spirited transactions, and in
this line his hand has been reached out in the interests of our
young people who need an uplifting hand. For this he has pro
vided institutions where they can find a home and paternal care
with every opportunity to improve and better themselves and be
come useful citizens to the State and the community. This is a
very brief statement of what could be said regarding what our
city and society are receiving from the hands of Mr. Newhouse,
which goes to show his heart and soul are for the upbuilding of
the Greater Salt Lake.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 151
David Keith.
When toil, energy and perseverance are guided by intelli
gence and experience, invariably the result is a finished accom
plishment. This vital gift in man, whether possessed by nature
or acquired during the journey of life, forms the essential power
in promoting great enterprises, in performing noble acts and ad
mired examples of achievement. That they have been invested in
Mr. Keith's nature is fully manifested in the past of his career.
He has climbed the ladder of attainment and unfurled the ensign
of prosperity, in the field of human endeavor, for others to follow
his trails to success. From the first step to the: top he has grad
ually reached the point where ambitious toil demands and re
ceives its rewards.
It is but fitting to extract from his record a few items which
stand to his honor and credit as a representative citizen of our
community, as well as an ideal type of our promotive and pro
gressive business man. Therei is no account that Mr. Keith came
into this sphere of existence with a silver spoon in his mouth, as
the old saying goes; on the contrary, like most of humanity, his
advent had no special notoriety marking it. What should, fall
to his lot in this world only the future could tell. The expression
of his countenance reveals a store of human strength and com
prehension, while) it hides the toils, struggles, and endurance en
countered to reach a victory over the great odds that defeat the
man who strives for success and prominence, but lacks the gen
ius and grasp for their accomplishment. At the outset of his
career, in the primary school of experience, he was compelled to
pay his tuition by manual struggle at such taxation as his tutor
fixed. David Keith was born May 27, 1847, at Mabou, Cape Breton
Island, Nova Scotia. After leaving school at the age of 14, in
order to assist in support of his family, he went to work in the
gold mines of that place. From that time on he followed the pur
suit of mining. After five years toil he ventured forth to Cali
fornia to try his fortune there. After a short stay in San Fran
cisco he went to Virginia City, Nevada. The Comstock in those
days was the greatest precious metal producer in the world, and
untold wealth was being taken from its deposits. Mr. Keith
found no difficulty in securing employment. His early training
in Nova Scotia stood him well in hand, and being of temperate
and industrious habits he soon won advancement. During the
sixteen years of his employment in the Comstock he earned a
name and record among the mining fraternity that soon brought
him to the front rank among the professional miners, and he •
was given charge of much important work.

/2^c^J vf jt^ZZi

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 153
In 1883 he left that section for Park City, Utah, where fame
had preceded him. First he became foreman in Ontario No. 3
mine, which position he held for eight years. In company with
Thomas Kearns and others he secured a lease on the Mayflower,
which practically was the first operation in which Mr. Keith was
interested on his own account. His mining interest and progress
from this time on secured to him into prosperity and fortune.
The Silver King, which Mr. Keith, Thomas Kearns and many
others became interested in, proved to be a bonanza from which
millions of wealth have been extracted.
About ten years ago Mr. Keith removed to Salt Lake City,
where he has since made his abode. He erected one of the most
beautiful and imposing homes in the state, being situated in the
choicest residence portion of the city. His investments in valuable
real estate holdings in various parts of the business and residence
portions of the city foot up to hundreds of thousands of dollars.
The erection of some of the most substantial business blocks to be
seen on our streets, evidence his faith and work in the up-build
ing of our city.
Mr. Keith's realty holdings in Salt Lake are very extensive
and his capital is behind many business enterprises. His master
effort, however, in the mercantile line was in the exploitation of
the Keith-O'Brien Company store on Main street, an institution
from which he has recently retired, having disposed of his in
terests to D. F. Walker, and in turn purchased the D. F. Walker
building and other properties in this city.
Numerous are the acts and deeds which Mr. Keith has per
formed in the interest of his fellowmen and the community at
large. He is a man of sterling qualities, big-hearted, and as such
full of charitable aid to the needy. Having traversed the rocky
road of hard fortune, he realizes the lot of the less fortunate and
always shows his sympathetic hand to the worthy. He is a
philanthropist of whom the entire community feels proud.
There is no pomp about the operations of Mr. Keith, and
while he is one of Utah's most aggressive and public spirited citi
zens, he has shunned any semblance of notoriety or political pre
ferment, being content with doing all in his power to further the
interests of the state and the people.

0-i«^4 &"*^^{js£*!4>Zv^

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 155
W. J. Halloran.
Mr. Halloran is another of our prominent citizens who is
a conspicuous figure in the financial and social circles of the
community. In his business pursuits he has demonstrated what
can be accomplished by preserverance, energy and push. From
a small and humble start in business, his active and close at
tention to the business in the realty market of our city, which he
ventured into twenty-three years ago, has resulted a financial
success, by which line he has been drawn into prominence among
our foremost business men. In him the Greater Salt Lake finds
its echo whenever this key-note is sounded. To this end Mr.
Halloran has contributed his quota to the present time, and is
taking a deep interest in every undertaking that goes toward the
upbuilding and general advancement of our city. In our social
organizations he is a prominent member and in the Commercial
Club — a body of public officials, capitalists and prominent busi
ness men, Mr. Halloran has received the distinction and honor
of being thrice elected president.
When Ezra Thompson gave in his resignation as City Mayor
and it became the duty of the City Council to elect a successor
for the remainder of the term, Mr. Halloran was among the first
for the choice, and in the scramble in which a number of our
favored citizens were advocated, Mr. Halloran would have drawn
the lucky number had he not at first declined the position, which
finally went to Hon. J. S. Bransford, the present Mayor.
William J. Halloran was born on November 25, 1860, at De
troit, Michigan. Here he received his education in the public
schools, and remained at his home in Michigan until 1880, when
the great mining excitement in Leadville, Colorado, attracted the
young man's attention to investigate the opportunities in the
west. Hence, he made up his baggage and soon found his way to
the noted mining camp of Leadville. Here he engaged in mer
cantile business until 1887. When Salt Lake City became a draw
ing card with its real estate excitement and many other induce
ments of promising opportunities, Mr. Halloran did not let such
good news go by without attention to find the facts, and it was
not long before one more was counted to our population.
On his arrival to Salt Lake, Mr. Halloran soon became con
vinced that he had reached the right place where opportunities
would give him a chance to make a mark. He soon ventured into
real estate transactions and opened up an office, which, from that
date, has remained open for business, which gradually increased
into conspicuous proportions, through his square dealings and
attentive management. Besides the achievements accomplished
by Mr. Halloran since making his abode in our community, as

156 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
already referred to, he has shown his business capacity in many
directions, and his name has been connected with several of our
prominent business institutions, of which may be mentioned that
he is a director of the Utah Savings and Trust Company, and
one of the organizers of the Merchants' Bank of Salt
Lake City, of which bank he is its president. This with
several other local enterprises with which he is interested is a
splendid showing of the young man's genius and grasp of the
situation where opportunities lay at their door.
It is needless to say that with Mr. Halloran 's ambition, in
tegrity and keen judgment a still more promising future will be
reached before the zenith of his career can be recorded to a fin
ish. For men of such characteristics and example as
shown by Mr. Halloran, our community extends its best wishes
and appreciation for a continuance of their progress and ad
vancements, which add an interest to our city and state.

W. H. Bancroft.

It is a well known fact that the community of Salt Lake City
is well represented in citizens of lofty characteristics. With
pride we point to its legion of representatives of the various
phases of social, domestic, or public affairs to which they have
added luster by their achievements.
The subject of this sketch, who for the past quarter of a cen
tury has been identified with the growth and progress of our City,
is one of our representative citizens who is too well known to
need eulogy or note to brighten the record of his achievements al
ready accomplished. Mr. Bancroft's occupation and attention
have been an unbroken journey, from his early youth, with the
railroads, climbing the ladder from the first step until success
fully reaching the top. He has demonstrated not only persever
ance and confidence, but earned a record, which in the annals of
railroads, gives him a conspicuous and most gratifying position.
Beginning his railroad experience in his youth, Mr. Ban
croft's first engagement was with the Michigan Southern rail
way, where his first employment was a telegraph operator; since
then step by step he has advanced to responsible positions which
he has held with the following roads : The Erie, the Kansas Pa
cific, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe, the St. Louis, St. Law
rence & Western, the Missouri, Kansas & Texas, the Denver &
Bio Grande Western, Union Pacific, Oregon Short Line, Southern
Pacific and San Pedro, Los Angeles and Salt Lake.
It would be difficult to find a man more familiar with rail
road operation and the various details of the different depart-

158 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
ments. It is said that he knows every foot of the roads which he
has in his charge. It was in 1883 that Mr. Bancroft came to Salt
Lake, where he has resided ever since. In official positions he
represents the Oregon Short Line as vice president and general
manager; also general manager of the Southern Pacific lines east
of Sparks, and first vice president of the San Pedro, Los Angeles
& Salt Lake, and president of the Utah Light & Railway com
pany. Thus, it will be seen that he represents a combination of
capital and co-operative organization which in influence and pow
er is one of the most important factors in the general welfare of
our city and state. While constructing large improvements on
their own concerns they have likewise at the same time improved
and advanced the general interest and advancement.
William Hazard Bancroft was born at Chagrin Falls, Ohio,
October 20, 1840. That he has made good use of his years, and
achieved a record of honor for himself need no argument. His
faithful service in the interest of his employers and the public
have been a record of continuous advancement. His personal
character and disposition are all that could be desired.
In his official capacity as railroad manager, his unexcelled
qualifications tend to show that he must have come into this
world with a railroad on his mind ; as it is, it is his one great in
terest that receives his closest attention, the result being a record
of successful achievement well known far and wide.

Irving A. Benton.

It is a matter of pleasure to refer to the various achieve
ments accomplished by our citizens who stand in the lead among
their fellowmen in the common interest of upbuilding and pro
moting the grand aim of our social, domestic and political inter
est. Among our prominent citizens, who have been identified with
our city and society at large and given their aid in moving the
great wheel of progress and advancement, that is now turning its
mighty forces into every channel of social life for the culmination
of a grander and greater end of our social affairs of upubilding
our city and state, is Mr. Irving A. Benton, the subject of this
sketch. He was born in New Haven, Conn., on the 10th day of
December, 1847, and has resided in Utah since 1881, having for
fully a quarter of a century been identified in various ways with
the growth and advancement of our city and state.
Since his arrival in Utah, which came by promotion to the
position of agent of the Union Pacific at Ogden in 1881, Mr.

160 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Benton has, during the greatest part of his time, given his serv
ice to railroading, in which capacity he has been connected with
the Denver & Rio Grande, with which company he is still en
gaged in the position of general agent of the passenger depart
ment, which he was' appointed the head officer of in 1903. Not
only has Mr. Benton shown his efficiency and capability in the
direction of railroad affairs, but also in other affairs of trust
and responsibility has he proven himself possessed of qualifica
tions which by integrity and fidelity have earned for him great
credit and appreciation in the office of postmaster for Salt Lake
City in 1890 ; also as United States marshal for the territory of
Utah in 1892-93, which appointment he received without so
licitation on his own part.
The record of Mr. Benton in the various offices and posi
tions he has held in Utah and other parts of the Union has been
one of the fullest success and greatest honor which he has
achieved by his integrity, efficiency and the faithful perform
ance of duty.
Mr. Benton's disposition is in all respects that of a gentle
man of a noble type, sociable, kind-hearted and sympathetic in
nature. In his political leaning, he is a staunch Republican, in
which he has not changed since the first inception of that party's
principles. Having made our city his home and taking an active
interest with others in promoting social, political, and general
advancements, it is but natural that Mr. Benton in reviewing the
past events looks with pleasure on our present situation and cher
ish the anticipation of a still greater future for Salt Lake City
and Utah in general.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 161
George W. Bartch.
From a farm to the supreme bench is the career of the sub
ject of this sketch. Among Salt Lake's and Utah's honored citi
zens none stands more prominent and respected in the professional
and social circles of our community than Hon. George W. Bartch,
who hails from the "Keystone" state, having been born in Du-
shore, March 15, 1849. His eventful career can only be briefly
stated, although full of episodes and interesting examples of
man's achievement through energy and ambition. He spent the
early years of his life on a farm, his time being divided between
the duties of most boys of his time and attendance in the public
schools. At the age of eight, young Bartch was left an orphan and
the success which he achieved while yet a young man in his na
tive state and the honors which have since been conferred upon
him are the results and reward of a studious and ambitious na
ture. At the age of seventeen he commenced to teach, thereby ac
quiring funds necessary for the continuance of his studies. He at
tended and graduated from the state normal school at Bloomsburg,
Pennsylvania, in the class of '71. Not content with a mere diplo
ma from a normal school, he continued his studies at that institu
tion of learning for a number of years, finally receiving the
degree of M. S. from his alma mater. For ten years after re
ceiving his diploma, Mr. Bartch was engaged in educational work
in his native state. After leaving the schools Prof. Bartch was
admitted to the bar as1 a practitioner in 1884, at Bloomsburg, Pa.,
where he met with immediate and gratifying success. In 1871 he
was united in marriage to Miss Amanda A. Guild, an accom
plished young lady of exceptional attainments. In 1886 he lo
cated in Canon City, Colo., where he acquired an extensive law
practice in that, and adjoining counties'. In 1888 he removed to
Salt Lake City, where he still resides. During the time he has
held public office both under the territory and state of Utah,
having filled the office of probate judge for Salt Lake county
with great efficiency and honor. He continued in that office un
til appointed associate justice of the supreme court of the
territory. In 1895 he was elected a member of the state supreme
court and was chief justice during 1899 and 1900. In the latter
year he was re-elected to succeed himself for a six-year term.
but resigned from office as chief justice in July, 1906.
In referring to some of the achievements accomplished by him
while in public office, it can be mentioned to his credit that the
selection of the building spot and the final erection of our pres
ent joint city and county building was the act of Judge Bartch,
while he was the probate judge of Salt Lake county, notwith
standing a five-story building had previously been planned and

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 163
the foundation started on a comparatively small corner lot for
this purpose, where the Young Men's Christian association has
since made its home. This change was indeed an important one,
as it has since been demonstrated, and was, as stated, effected by
the keen and decisive move of Judge Bartch, which at the time
received much opposition, but it was finally determined to erect
the building on its present site, where it stands as an ornament to
the city in the center of a ten-acre park of a most beautifully laid
out garden. This conclusion was reached by the city council on a
resolution introduced by Councilman W. H. H. Spafford at their
regular session held on March 13, 1891, which was concurred in
by the county court. Judge Bartch was appointed to prepare the
instrument which consummated final agreement between the city
and county of Salt Lake, to proceed with the erection of the
joint building, which was finally completed on December 28, 1894.
It shows the good judgment as well as keen calculation on the
part of its promoters. The change necessitated an entirely new
design of the proposed structure, and Judge Bartch took an
active part even as to the plan of furnishing the building with
heat and light conducted from a power house through an under
ground tunnel 600 feet in length, which was the first undertak
ing of this nature made in our state, and was planned asi a safe
guard against danger or accident to the building and is also a
credit to Judge Bartch 's judgment in practical affairs.
In Judge Bartch is embodied every characteristic which be
longs to a high-minded man. His association in political, social
and domestic affairs has been of a most exemplary character. His
public and private career is known to be without blemish. In
the interest of upbuilding our city and community he has taken
an active part. In an official capacity his influence has' been for
peace and harmony, based upon a high regard for the rights of
others. Since his retirement from public affairs, Judge Bartch has re
turned to the practice of law, and now has a well established, lu
crative practice which reaches to many parts of our country.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 165
J. G. McDonald.
Among Salt Lake's prominent citizens who have earned a
name for integrity, energy, and progressiveness, the name of
James G. McDonald is conspicuous. It is one of those that the
entire community looks upon with the highest regard and esteem.
It is not our intention to here enumerate the many qualifications
and merits which are found in the composition of Mr. McDonald,
both as to his private and public career, but only to breifly point
to a few of the activities which characterize him.
Mr. McDonald, by virtue of his birth and birthplace, pos
sesses an inherited right to call Salt Lake his City; and that he
appreciates this point, his various works and achievements in the
public interest amply attest. The pride he takes in his City
as shown in the past by his achievements is only a partial evi
dence of the loyalty and activity of the heart that beats within
his breast, where his sentiments might be read in these words if
visible — "My City, my home."
In no community is a citizen's qualifications and qualities
more quickly observed and rated than among the citizens of Salt
Lake, and by reason thereof it follows that Mr. McDonald has
been made conspicuous in our state and local affairs.
For a number of years he has been president of the Utah
State Fair Association, one of our most important institutions,
and which office he is filling at the present time. In the Com
mercial Club, one of our prominent organized societies, which
is elsewhere mentioned at length, Mr .McDonald was the vice-
preslident and member of the board of governors. To him
belongs the credit of having promoted the establishment of the
Salt Lake Real Estate Association .and the State Fair- Association,
our Chamber of Commerce, by means of which some of Salt
Lake's as well as Utah's leading organizations are firmly as
sociated in the work of uniting the welfare of the City and State
under one roof, it might be said, for the convenience of the public
and especially visitors, who number many thousands annually.
At this bureau of information, they can learn of matters concern
ing our common interests, of our industries and commerce, na
tural resources, and the general inducements to home-seekers
and investors, as well as health and pleasure seekers, who here
seek a temporary refuge which we have to offer, information be
ing always fully and obligingly given.
At the Chamber of Commerce are also officers and repre
sentatives of the Utah State Fair Association, the State Board of
Horticulture, State Art Institute, Merchants & Manufacturers' as
sociation, the Salt Lake Real Estate association, the Salt Lake

166 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Sight-Seeing car, together with all sorts of literature and ex
hibits of Utah's products, taken from her mineral, agricultural,
horticultural and industrial fields' of operation. Thus, the Cham
ber of Commerce is a great factor in the interests of our entire
state, as well as to all visitors and comers to the city.
As a promoter of home manufacture and home industry, Mr.
McDonald takes a front rank among the host of his associates in
these directions in our locality. The Union Paper Box com
pany, an established home enterprise which employs nearly half
a hundred hands, was promoted and founded by him; but in the
lead of all his enterprises and business ventures, the establish
ment of the J. G. McDonald Chocolate company is a monument of
his energy, keen judgment, conception and construction. Taking
into consideration the competition that has followed its trail
from the starting point up to the present time, with the aim of
impeding if not blockading its way, its success is something re
markable. This establishment, of which Mr. McDonald is the presi
dent and manager, dates back to the year 1862, nearly fifty years
ago, and it has during this period of time met a constant growth,
while the highest reputation has been received for its standard
products; thus Mr. McDonald has succeeded in building up an
establishment that rivals any of the largest concerns in this
line of business in the country.
Among the leading articles that they produce and which
have, found their way and become a staple article among con
fectioners, are McDonald's famous chocolates. These have an
unparalleled sale in every state of the Union. Mr. McDonald's
latest and greatest achievement, however, is the establishment of
a cocoa plant for the manufacture of soluble cocoa and chocolate.
The magnitude of this undertaking and its future development is
too great in its scope of interest and benefit to our city and state
to be fully realized by the general public at this time as an idea
of what is actually involved.
That Mr. McDonald has been determined to place a prime
article before the public that would have no rival in superiority
as to quality, flavor, and strength, is evidenced by the demand
already created and the extensive territory of states where this
high-grade cocoa is taking its lead among consumers and the
trade in general, which is a surprise even to its own manufac
turer. The question of benefit which our City and State will derive
from this new and grand enterprise of the McDonald Company
is manifold in its nature, and above this, is the health and nutri
ment acquired by the use of this article. Its mission is to event
ually supplant, by the use of this healthful drink, the injurious

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 167
use of tea and coffee. That this is an object worth attaining will
surely be realized as the new and rising generation takes the
place of the old and outgoing one, and in course of time will be
fully demonstrated. As a home industry its success means a
great saving, should it be an article for home consumption only,
but the assurance already gained goes to show that Salt Lake
is to become a distributing center from which the cocoa will
be shipped to every quarter of this continent, thus not only sav
ing to our own locality the hundreds and thousands of dollars
which annually leave our state for importations of tea, coffee,
cocoa, and other table drinks, which great sums will find a local
circulation in a thousand ways and benefit our homos and fam
ilies, but also will the capital saved on importations be of
general benefit to the people direct or indirect; and as' the out
side trade demands increased quantities and exportations takes
the place of importation, capital necessarily will roll into cur
state and remain here, which under present conditions is being
sent to foreign nations from which this article, until now, is be
ing imported, creating a yearly drainage of millions of dollars.
Thus a growing and prosperous institution has been built
up and reached its success through the keen and perceptive
management as well as the integrity and energy manifested by
its head, the subject of this sketch.

¦&—?¦

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 169
A. C. Nelson.
The Official Head of the State's Splendid School System.
A conspicuous figure in the group of representative citizens
which is pictured in preceeding pages is that of the gentleman
above named. No one holds a more responsible position, one in
which more official concern to the people of the commonwealth is
vested than his and none has discharged the duties more worthily
or acceptably to all classes of our people. His first nomination to
the position came at a time when the contest for it was very
spirited, showing how earnest and careful those who take an active
interest in our school affairs were ; and the fact that Mr. Nelson 's
campaign was conducted without the- usual accessories of a
brass band, loud touting and prolific advertising made his suc
cess something more than a victory, it became a personal testi
monial. Subsequent events showed how meritoriously it was be
stowed, the record of his incumbency being so free from errors
of any kind and so marked by incisive and executive action in
all departments that renomination last year was the plainest mat
ter of course long before his party's convention was held, while
the fact that when the election returns were in he was shown to
have led his ticket by a good margin showed to some extent the
esteem in which he was held by many who were not of his party
faith. Of course he does not let partisanship figure in the admin
istration of his official duties nor in his personal friendships and
associations; he is too broad and comprehensive for that. His
regard is for the people of Utah and their offspring.
It was in 1900 that Mr. Nelson was elected to the office of
State Superintendent of Public Instruction for Utah, and he has
been the choice of the people at the succeeding elections for the
same office, thus having thrice been elected to the head of our
grand and progressive Public School System, each term of office
being for four years. His present term began January 1st, 1909.
Mr. Nelson is a native of Utah, having been born at Ephraim,
Sanpete county, on January 20, 1864, where he spent the greater
part of his career, but living for a short time in Sevier
county. Since his official career began, however, he has resided
in Salt Lake City, where he is one of the foremost and best
known citizens.
His executive and good judgment in the administration of
his office has merited the approval and esteem of all who directly
or indirectly are interested in our schools and educational work
to' which his untiring and closest attention has been given.

PLACES OF WORSHIP, UNDER THE SHADOW OF MORONI.

BRIGHAM YOUNG
Pioneer, Founder, and First Governor of Utah's Commonwealth
(This photo was taken on his
seventy-fifth birthday, lune 1st, 1876
by C. W. Carter.)

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 173
Utah, The Inland Empire.
TT will be unnecessary to repeat in this chapter on Utah the
history which in narrative has already been stated regarding
the founding and settlement of the capitol of this state, at the
beginning of this work, together with later years' developments
and the general up-building of our commonwealth ; hence, only
that part of history which refers to the situations and conditions
at the time the pioneers entered Utah may be cited for the gen
eral information of the interested reader.
Utah, when the Pioneers came, was "Eastern California"
and California a province of Mexico with which the United
States was at war. Unfurling to the breeze the stars and strips,
these Mormon colonizers, as American citizens, took possession
of the country, and after the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo, by
which in February, 1848, the land was ceded to our nation. They
organized, pending congressional action upon their petition, a
state government, that of "Deseret." It was in March, 1849,
that the first civil government in the Rocky Mountains was' thus
established. Meantime, the surrounding region was explored and
colonized, settlements being formed wherever water was found
and means of subsistance available. The savage tribes were sub
dued or placated, arid lands were reclaimed by irrigation, forts
and cities built, schools and factories founded, and the whole
land made to hum with the wheels of industry.
The object of these chapters' on Utah is to make plain to the
reader the grand transformation of the waste and desolate re
gions of this state from its original condition as it was found by
those heroic Pioneers on the memorable date of July 24, 1847,
when the flag of our country was set by sturdy hands, at the top
of Ensign Peak, overlooking the valley of the Great Salt Lake.
This' transformation of the country is a wonder to strangers and
visitors, while history honors and credits the final results to the
hands that achieved the accomplishments of the past as well as
of the present day. "Utah as It Is" has been written, but "Utah
as it Will Be" is yet to come, although the keen eyes of our
days are steadily and thoughtfully predicting the future, and
what is to be our state's destiny in history for achievements, dis
covery, developments and general statues among her sister s<afes
of the Union. What she represents to-day is but her starling
point for a long journey, as she has only been on her way the
short space of about sixty years and of these only twelve years
as a state. Notwithstanding her rough roads to travel and steep
hills to climb, and knocks and pulls to hinder her progress, un
daunted she moves onward, and neither sunset or thundering
storms make her pause in her forward movement. While we are
not permitted to go down to the bottom and unfold all her valu-

174 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
ables at once, imagination will tell us that we have not seen all
that she possesses; that big as her possessions are, the greater
part remain unseen and untold. Neither can we bespeak her
coming achievements, but only refer to the already accomplished
facts.

Review of Utah's Resources, Developments, Industry and Pro
gressiveness.
The State of Utah covers 85,000 square miles of territory.
It lies along the western slope of the Rocky mountains and is
the natural center of a vast area which is rapidly coming to be
recognized as the richest section of the Union in natural resources
and potential development. It embraces within its borders every
condition of climate from temperate to semi-tropical. It's alti
tude varies from 2500 to 13,500 feet above sea-level. Utah's
population has grown since July 24, 1847, the advent of Pioneers,
from 143 to 351,084, as shown by the last census. (It is near half
a million now). Its development in every direction of industry
and commerce along with the cultivation and improvements of
the soil is a history full of remarkable achievements, notwith
standing the apparent impossibility of the realization as' seen by
the ordinary eye at the commencement; but the Pioneers' dream
must to-day be told as a realization which shows the most skeptic
that even the "seven wonders of the world" has' been exceeded.
Our -first attention will be given to showing Utah's produc
tion from its soil. In land area she has 54,353,920 acres, of
which 1,745,625 acres are under cultivation. This comprises a
total of 23,000 farms. Besides the land area there is a water
area of 2,780 square miles (1,779,200 acres). Its largest body of
water is the Great Salt Lake, covering an area of 2500 square
miles. Of fresh-water lakes of considerable size the largest is
Utah lake, with a surface area of 125 square miles. Within the
area of cultivated surface Utah represents today an assessed val
uation (1907) of $161,608,356. Its state of cultivation is: 726,-
027 acres in agricultural products, and 28,091 acres' in horticul
tural products. Statistics otherwise show $22,262,400 in live
stock; $10,610,655 in manufacturing establishments; $279,997,810
in real property; $65,713.94 in gold and silver coin and bullion;
$108,000,000 in railroads and their equipments; $20,188,955 in
street railways and waterworks; $4,098,514 in farm implements
and machinery; $94,280,115 in other miscellaneous sources.

VIEW OF OUR FARMERS' LIFE IN TEMPORARY QUARTERS.

176 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Agriculture.
Though agriculture is the leading industry of Utah, yet it is
only in its infancy. Less than two per cent of the total area of
the State is under cultivation. Even of these two per cent, a
large portion is range land which has never been touched with
the plow. There are in Utah millions of acres of undeveloped
land of the first quality which can, by the application of scien
tific principles, be made to produce good farm crops. Utah's
greatest resources lie in her undeveloped lands. From Utah soils
were produced either directly or indirectly in 1907 $53,500,000.
The more or less improved farm area of the State is 1,745,625
acres, divided into 21,814 farms, making an average of 80 acres
to each farm. Soils.
The soils of Utah are among the richest in the world. They
are, as a general rule, deep and uniform, so that with a little
care, their fertility will last indefinitely. These soils under!
Utah's dry climate, form an ideal medium for plant growth. The
plants receive a maximum amount of sunshine and a minimum
amount of shade. The soils of the State, with judicious hand
ling, have good texture and sufficient amounts of moisture, plant
food, humus, heat, and air to produce excellent crops.
There are two systems of farming in Utah, (1) Irrigation
Farming, and (2) Arid or Dry Farming.
Irrigation Farming.
Under irrigation, ideal conditions for the growth of plants
may be secured. The moisture content of the soil (which is the
most important factor in crop yield in the arid region) is under
control, so that the farmer is placed beyond the vicissitudes of
the weather. Utah has harnessed many of her mountain streams
and rivers and either led them directly out on to the land by
means of canals and ditches, or stored the water in reservoirs to
be brought upon the land when the crops are in need of moisture.
Many of the reservoirs and canals are owned and operated co
operatively. Some, however, are owned by companies formed
either with home or eastern capital. These companies own large
tracts of dry land for which they furnish permanent water for
irrigation and then sell the land with water-right to prospective
homeseekers at a nominal price. There are 351 canals in Utah
capitalized at $28,029,932. These canals irrigate 632,000 acres,
the construction of which cost $3,725,000, or an average of $5.90
an acre. Maintenance costs annually $179,000 or 30 cents for
each. acre.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 177
Crops.
In the southern part of the state, grapes, peaches, figs, al
monds, pomegranates, cotton, and tobacco grow luxuriantly. In
the northern valleys, wheat, oats, barley, sugar beets, vegetables,
apples, cherries, grapes, peaches, pears, apricots, plums, and
berries thrive. In the central part of the state, cereals, veget
ables, root crops, and fruits are successfully grown. Alfalfa or
lucerne does well everywhere, and is one of the staple farm crops
of the state, yielding three and four crops annually in southern
Utah; two and three in the northern and two in the upland dis
tricts in the central portion of the state. Alfalfa seed is one of
the money crops of the state. The average yield of wheat in
Utah is 21.5 bushels per acre. This is 7.5 bushels above the
average of other Western states.
Arid Farming.
Arid or dry farming, or farming without irrigation, is one
of the coming branches of Western agriculture. It promises to
become by far the most important of all the phases of agricul
tural development in the West. This is because of the vast area
which can be made to "blossom as the rose" by the application
of correct practices. Wheat is the principal arid farm crop' and
produces from 10 to 50 bushels per acre. Oats, barley, corn,
fruits, and grasses are also grown with success. The Brome
grass has never yet failed on the experimental farms of the state.
It produces a large crop of hay as well as a large crop of seed
and may be used with great success in feeding all classes of
domestic animals. When it is considered that at least 20,000,000
acres of undeveloped land in Utah may be reclaimed by the
methods of arid farming, it may be seen how vast are the pos
sibilities of this branch of agriculture. The state is giving con
siderable aid to this industry by maintaining six experimental
farms in various parts of the state where practical demonstra
tions of the best methods of growing crops are carried on.
Horticulture.
This is a rapidly growing industry. In 1907 there were 28,-
089 acres devoted to horticultural products. Numerous canning
factories handle large quantities of tomatoes, peaches and other
vegetables, and fruits.
The climate and soil conditions of Utah make the growing of
highly colored fruits of excellent quality, a matter of common ex
perience. Such apples as the Ben Davis, grown in Utah, are so
delicious to the taste and eye that they are sold on the Eastern
markets as Jonathan or other apples of recognized superior quali
ty. Much of the land under irrigation is rapidly being converted
into fruit farms, while the wheat and lucern are being driven out
on the non-irrigated deserts.

178 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
Live Stock.
The value of the live stock of the state is about $28,500,000.
This value is distributed among 400,000 head of cattle, 120,000
horses and mules, 70,000 swine, 3,000,000 sheep, whose fleeces
were last year valued at $4,300,000 ; 2,000,000 poultry and 25,000
stands of bees producing 1,800,000 pounds of honey. The bees
have the best natural pasture in the world, namely lucern, which
makes an excellent quality of honej7. The value of last year's
products of butter, cheese and evaporated milk was $1,400,000.
Many of the cattle, horses and sheep graze upon the uncultivated
land, while the better breeds are housed and fed on balanced ra
tions. The sheep and dairy industries especially are of importance
in Utah. Two large milk condensaries are working at their maxi"
mum capacity to supply the needs of this and surrounding states.
Other factories are in course of construction.
Government Reservoirs.
Under the reclamation act passed by Congress the U. S. Gov
ernment loans money to the prospective occupants of the land at
the rate of $10.00 an acre, for the construction of reservoirs,
canals, and ditches. The settlers have ten years' in which to re
pay the loan and then become the owners of the land and water
in fee simple, having only to bear the cost of maintenance. When
all the reclamation projects planned by the government shall
have been completed the cultivated area of Utah will be prac
tically doubled. These projects include : Acres.
Strawberry Valley reservoir which will reclaim  50,000
Bear Lake reservoir which will reclaim  200,000
Utah Lake reservoir which will reclaim  50,000
Weber River reservoir which will reclaim  100,000
The Strawberry valley project includes a dam across the
Strawberry valley, east of Utah valley, 350 feet long and 45 feet
high, which will impound the waters of Strawberry river, forming
an artificial lake covering ten square miles. The outlet will be
through Spanish Fork canyon into Utah valley by means of a
tunnel 20,000 feet through the mountain range. The cost will be
about $1,000,000. The land to be reclaimed lies in the midst of
cultivated districts, but is unused on account of scarcity of water.
It is highly productive, especially in sugar beets, fruits and grain.
Watered land in the vicinity sells for $100 and $150 per acre.
The tunnel is rapidly nearing completion.
The Bear Lake project involves the storage of all the surplus
water of Bear river. Bear Lake, situated on the line between
Utah and Idaho, flows by a natural outlet into Bear river. This
outlet will be dammed and a canal from far up Bear river above
the lake will divert the flood waters of the stream into the reser-

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

179

voir thus created. The project will cost $15,000,000. Three states
are interested, but the land to be reclaimed lies' mainly in the
northern part of Utah.
The third project is the Utah Lake enterprise. Thirty streams
rush down from the Wasatch mountains and spread over 125
square miles of surface constituting Utah lake. Three-fourths of
all this water is lost by evaporation and the remainder, flowing
into the Jordan river, waters Salt Lake valley. The Jordan out
let is 11 feet higher than the bottom of the lake and the plan is
to make an 11-foot cut so that the lake can be entirely drained
in the summer and the water saved from evaporation. A dam
will also be constructed to impound the spring water and enough

JIM BRIDGER
A"noted trapper of Utah, who met Brigham Young and his first company
of Pioneers in 1847, when he gave them his encouraging offer of $1,000
for the first bushel of wheat they could raise from the soil of Utah.

180

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

water will be saved in this way to irrigate 50,000 acres in Salt
Lake, Davis and Tooele counties.
The Weber Biverproject is designed to bring under cultiva
tion 100,000 acres. The Weber river is second in size only to the
Bear. Its normal flow will be diverted by a short canal into
Provo river and will be used to reclaim the broad stretches of
fertile lands north of Lehi, Utah county, and in the southern
portion of Salt Lake county. The spring high water will be con
trolled by a dam near Henefer, Summit county, from which a
stream will be released during the irrigation season far greater
than the Weber river during low water, and which will, in all
probability, supply sufficient water for all purposes in Weber
county. Additional minor reservoir schemes are in view in the south
ern part of the state. A dam is planned across the Sevier river
below Dover, which will form an immense reservoir and will
open for occupation unlimited acres of land near Deseret and
Leamington. The fruition of the entire reclamation program
will double the irrigated agricultural area of Utah and will af
ford excellent opportunities for homeseekers.
Utah's Growth in Sweetness.
What figures show for the past seventeen years in sugar pro
duction :

Utah-Idaho & Amalgamated Sugar Company
Annual Products in Pounds

Tons of
Beets
Consumed

1891 .
1892..1893.. 1894..1895 .
1896 .
1897 1898..1899..
1900 190119021903.1904. 1905..1906.
1907.

.9
.16 17,
22. 24 50
60,
0042,65

112,000
375,660 109.555
492,592030,000 150,000
766,700
999,050 ,385875 500,000
200,000 200,000
000,000000,000
000,000 000,000 700,000

9,860 9,916
26,800 28,16833,150 38,50043,111 52,625
60,423 78,320
88,900
96,910
200,000 240,000
400,000 560,000 591,940

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

181

Utah-Idaho Sweet Production for 1908.
Beet sugar made in Utah and Idaho in 1908, lbs  180,000,000
Retail value at 6 cents per pound  $10,800,000
Amount paid farmers for beets  3,000,000
Amount paid out in wages  1,000,000
Money brought into the State for sugar  5,000,000
Amount paid railroads for freight  1,000,000
Tons of coal consumed in factories  100,000
Tons of lime rock consumed in factories  60,000
Money paid out in sugar stock dividends  750,000
Capital invested in plants  11,000,000
On the above table will be observed that Lehi factory was
the only plant from 1891 to 1899, when other factories established,
commenced operation which at present is ten in numbers, viz.,
Lehi, Ogden, Logan, Lewiston, Garland, Sugar City, Idaho Falls,
Blackfoot and Nampa, which has been established with a capitali
zation of over $16,000,000. Value of sugar production for 1907
at the rate of $5.00 per 100 lbs., such gives a total of $8,285,000.
More than $3,000,000 annually is now paid to Utah and Idaho
farmers by the Utah-Idaho and Amalgamated Sugar Company.

LEHI SUGAR FACTORY.
32 miles south of Salt Lake City. Daily capacity of run, 2,200 sacks of sugar.

A Representative of
UTAH'S PRIMITIVE SETTLERS
(A Piute Indian)

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 183
Mines and Mining.

ROM time to time there have been published num
erous editions of books and pamphlets treating on
Utah's mineral wealth and its mining industries,
which the extensive operations of this particular
field of Utah's natural resources would be too volum
inous for this book to repeat, or give an elaborate
account of; for this reason, only, a brief sketch of her famous
mining districts will be attempted in presenting facts and figures
with reference to the mineral products of the State.
In starting out on this mining trip from Salt Lake City let
us first pay a visit to the Little Cottonwood mining district. This
embraces the Alta and Park City mining camps. Alta is about
25 miles southeast of Salt Lake City. The fame of Utah's riches
was first given publicity through the mines of Alta. The prin
cipal mines in this1 camp are the Emma, the Flagstaff, the Colum
bus, the South Columbus, and others, which have produced ore
of astonishing value. From the Emma, not less1 than $7,000,000
in precious metals have been produced.

Park City and Adjacent Mines.
The beginning of mining in this quarter is put at 1872, when
Rector Skeen discovered the now famous Ontario mine, which he
sold to Messrs. Hearst, Chambers and others for $30,000. Since
that time the mine has produced close to $34,000,000.
Among the most noted mines in this locality are the Daly
Judge, New York Bonanza, Keystone, Silver King Consolidated,
Little Bell, the Wabash, American Flag, Uintah Treasure Hill,
the Audirondacks, Daly West and Silver King Coalition. Five
concentrating plants are in operation in this camp, with a com
bined capacity for handling about 1,400 tons of ore daily. Over
2,000 miners are employed in this camp, receiving in average
wages' not less than $3.00 per day each. The annual pay roll of
Park City mines is considerably in excess of $2,000,000. In many
directions prospecting is being prosecuted on a large scale. Great
is the mining area surrounding Park City, and its mines have
only fairly begun to yield, yet it has given to the world in its
existence over $100,000,000 in wealth.
The reports from Park City and adjacent mines of the past
year's mining record for 1908 goes to show the great activity and
wonderful progress in developments and resources of these dis
tricts. In spite of a mineral production extending well beyond the
hundred-million-dollar mark, the mining camp of Park City,
Utah, like the long-diVance runner it is, now is getting its second

184 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
wind for the second heat of its phenomenal performances. Park
City is one of the wonderful sections of the mineralized west. Its
mineral zone is extensive and the development effort already
centered there has been done at comparatively Shallow levels, and
the feature of mining in 1908 has' been the manner in which vir
gin ground has responded to the work of mine owners.
The Park City mining companies have distributed the sum of
$35,614,860 to stockholders in the shape of dividends, divided as
follows : Ontario Mining company  $13,932,500
Silver King  11,603,485
Daly West  5,877,000
Daly  2,925,000
Quincy  1,051,875
Daly Judge  225,000
Total  $35,614,860
At present all of the big mines and the smaller ones, too, are
working under normal conditions ; with full pay-rolls, the miners
are getting out of the debt they drifted into during their en
forced idleness, and the prospects are bright. The Silver King,
Daly West and Daly Judge are opening up new and extensive
bodies of rich ore as their development work, which is carried
on in connection with the regular mining operations, progresses,
and among the smaller properties, the American Flag, Wabash,
Keystone, New York, Uintah- Treasure Hill, North Dakota, Curtis
and many others, work is going on with very encouraging re
sults. New blood is being infused into the camp: "Uncle"
Jesse Knight has expressed, his faith in its future greatness, other
local operators are heeding the good reports being sent out from
our properties and eastern capital, also, has been more heavily
invested in Park City mines this year than ever before. It is
taking many fortunes to prospect and develop the mines of this
district, but ultimate manifold returns on these investments are
assured, once the necessary exploitation is accomplished. And
so, the year past, in that it has been accomplished such extensive
results toward the desired ends', has been a most successful one,
and the work done and the capital invested has prepared the
way for a record-breaking output and dividend returns in 1909.
The Mercur District.
Mercur, known as the "Johannesburg of Utah," because of
its large bodies of gold ore that can be reduced by the cyaniding
process, is situated in the Camp Floyd mining district. It is lo
cated in the Oquirrh mountains, a range that is thirty miles
long and from ten to twelve miles wide, which yields: a tonnage
of minerals excelled by few equal areas anywhere. The camp

SOME MAGNIFICENT AND COSTLY HOMES
Which Represent the Fruits of Utah's Mines and Industrial Resources.
Homes of J. D. Wood,
Edward S. Ferry and
W. C. Lyne,
SALT LAKE CITY.

186 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
is reached by rail. First it was known as the Lewiston mining
district, and about 1870 and 1871 was noted for the unusual rich
ness of silver ore found there, but this is failing. The camp later
was deserted entirely. It was known that cinnabar existed in
the district, and while assays showed the presence of gold, no
colors were ever obtainable as a result of panning.
Later Arie Pinedo located a claim on a cinnabar vein and
called it the "Mercur," after the mercury in the ore. This is
the origin of the camp's name. The Mercur district yielded
$13,189,743 in gold up to June 30, 1908.
The Sacramento and the Consolidated Mercur Gold mines are
the properties now in active operation. Some 500 men are now
employed in and about the camp, and this will be added to in
definitely, if experiments now being made shall result as suc-
cessfuly as hoped for.
The following statement of operations in Mercur district at
present date speaks well for its future outlook :
Encouraged by the successful achievements of the Consoli
dated Mercur Gold Mines company, owners of properties at the
Mercur camp are getting back to work again, and the old camp
promises to be instrumental in adding a great deal more gold to
the uses of the world. Mercur ores are by no means easy of
treatment. The problem has been to bring the gold values out of
the slimes and several attempts of late have been successful.
General Manager George H. Dern of the Consolidated Mer
cur company, has installed a new slimes plant, which appears to
be doing the work as its inventor planned. Then several wide
awake metallurgists got busy with the old Mercur dumps, and
the successors to the Holderman Filter Tank interests are busy
demonstrating that their process is worthy of the early predic
tions. Then some metallurgists considered the dumps of the Sac
ramento property worth going after, and a new plant is now be
ing installed to squeeze from these discarded tonnages their
modest yet worth-saving gold values.
Camp More Lively.
The Consolidated Mercur camp is busy, and the company
is pounding out gold bullion at the rate of $60,000 to $70,000 per
month. The Ingot company, control of which is held by the
United Mercur company, is sinking on a likely vein, hoping to
encounter milling values with logical depth. The Boston-Sun
shine company has started to develop its resources, and on sev
eral sides effort is perceived on -propositions that have been idle
pending the solution of the metallurgical problems that prevented
a complete reaping of Mercur rewards.
Of special interest at present are 1he developments on the
Brickyard property of the Consolidated Mercur company. Two
new veins have been opened just recently that hold extremely

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 187
well both as to value and size. When the present management
took hold of this proposition the world thought the Consolidat
ed Mercur was a worked-out proposition. The dividends the
company has paid since that time, and those Brickyard mine de
velopments, clearly demonstrate that this company will be a use
ful dividend payer for a long time to come and as stated, the
present showings being made are encouraging others to return
to abandoned ground and share in the results of more modern
methods of gold saving.
No season for many years has dawned so brightly for Mer
cur as has 1909.

Tintic District.
This mining district covers an area of about eight miles in
length by two miles in width. It is one of the earliest mining
districts! in Utah. The principal mines in this district are the
Swansea, Mammoth, Grand Central, Centennial-Eureka, Bullion-
Beck, Gemini-Keystone, Uncle Sam, Beck Tunnel, Colorado, the
Sioux, Iron Blossom, and Yankee Consolidated, besides a great
number of other mining claims.
The ore products from this mine have been of enormous
wealth. About fifteen hundred miners are employed in this dis
trict. Tintic mines produce a great variety of ore; everything, in
fact, that is needed by a modern smelter is nea'r at hand. The
lime rock which is now being used at the local plant is taken
from Mr. Knight's own ground, the quarry being less than a
mile from the smelter, and is delivered for less than 50 cents per
ton, while the iron ores are landed at the smelter for about one-
half that amount. Coal is perhaps the only material that the
Tintic smelter is not getting at less expense than the other
smelters of the state, and by using electric power wherever pos
sible, the coal question is not giving the company any serious
ground for apprehension. The Tintic smelter has pased the ex
perimental stage and is now one of the important factors in the
smelting industry of Utah.
The eastern section of the Tintic district has been in the lime
light ever since the discovery of the Colorado and Beck Tunnel
mines, and the more recent discoveries in the Sioux Consolidated
and Iron Blossom properties was the means of greatly stimulat
ing interest in that porlion of the district which lies to the east
of Godiva mountain, where a score or more of new companies are
now operating.
The Uncle Sam company has been devoting its energy more
recently towards the exploration and development of the Hum
bug mine, formerly owned by Jesse Knight and from which the
latter frequently shipped ore running as high as $10,000 to the

VIEW OF SAMUEL NEWHOUSE MILL AT CACTUS MINE, BEAVER COUNTY, UTAH. (Looking East )
Capacity 1,000 Tons Concentrator, Electric Driven. Slime Pond in Foreground.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 189
car, and the ore body on which the company has been drawing
its late shipments is believed to be a continuation at greater
depth of the great chute worked by Mr. Knight. A block of ore
is now opened over 100 feet deep, 150 feet long, while the thick
ness varies from a few feet to 20 feet, all of which is shipping
ore and averages about $25 a ton.
The management of the Uncle Sam Consolidated is in splen
did hands, directing its affairs being men who have had many
years experience in the mining field and who stand high in bus
iness and financial circles. The president is John Dern; vice
president and treasurer, James Chipman; who, with Joseph Nel
son, M. P. Braffet, of Salt Lake and George Havercamp of Provo
are directors. Fred Dern of the brokerage firm of Dern &
Thomas, is secretary.
In a brief article of this kind it is impossible to touch upon all
of the mines of a district the size of Tintic and some will necesar-
ily have to be omitted, not because they have not made a good
showing during the year, but because space will not permit going
into further detail. Whole pages could be written regarding the
development at some of the Tintic mines, but a great deal of this
matter has already been given to the public through the columns
of the newspapers,- etc. Among the other well known mines of
the district . which have been forging ahead during the past
year, 1908, are the Yankee Con., Utah Con., Crown Point, Black
Jack, Dragon Iron Mine, Scranton, North Clift, Diamond Queen
and a score or more of others.

Beaver County,
There is no section of mineralized Utah that has made so
pronounced a degree of progress during 1908 as that sometimes
indefinite region called Beaver county. By Beaver county is
usually meant that phenomenally rich camp which takes in the
Newhouse and Horn Silver properties and the Star and North
Star districts.
The Newhouse Mines and Smelters corporation has spent the
greater part of 1908 in perfecting the arrangements to bring this
great copper mine into proper condition for development. Early
in the summer a bad cave-in occurred, which took considerable
time to remedy, but the new year dawns with this task well
rounded out. The Cactus.
The principal producer in Beaver county at this time is the
Cactus mine. The Newhouse Mines & Smelters corporation owns
the Cactus and 12 other patented mining claims in the San Fran
cisco mining district in Beaver county, containing in all 201 acres

190 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
of compact territory. In addition to this is the Midvale placer,
consisting of 158 acres; besides agricultural lands and the
Wah Wah springs and water system comprising 7,882 acres.
One of the most important assets is the Wah Wah springs,
which furnish a constant water supply of about 1,200 gallons per
minute, collected in a reservoir and conveyed by gravity to the
mill at Newhouse. This is the only water supply within 20
miles. Upon the millsite the company has erected a modern
ore concentrating mill of 1000 tons daily capacity.
The mine is opened by a main shaft of 600 feet deep, from
which are extended six levels approximately 100 feet apart ; the
sixth level connecting with the surface by means of a crosscut
tunnel 6,016 feet long, through which all ore is passed to the
crusher house. Below the 600-foot level is an incline shaft fol
lowing dip of the vein sunk to a depth of 316 feet, from which
are opened the seventh, eighth and ninth levels. The develop
ment shows ore from surface to a depth of 916 feet.
The principal ore body extends for a length of 700 feet at
the surface and varies in width from 90; to 174 feet. No. 2 ore
body has been opened 140 feet and shows a width of 100 feet.
In the annual report of President Samuel Newhouse, cover
ing the operations of the company during the fiscal year ending
June 10, he stated:
"There has been blocked during the past year on the 700
and 800-foot levels a greater tonnage of ore than has1 been ex
tracted from the levels above and milled during last fiscal year.
At the greatest depth so far reached our ore maintains the aver
age grade of the mine. It is proposed to continue development
work actively in the near future upon the 600, 700, 800 and 900-
foot levels.
"Manager Hanchett says 2,343 feet of drifts and crosscuts
and 682 feet of raises were run during the year. Some 18 per
cent smelting ore was found on the 400-foot level.
"Work proceeded with full force until October 11, 1907, when
because of inability to market copper it was reduced to 10 per
cent of normal. December 1 the force was increased to 50 per
cent of normal, and has since been increased gradually to 70 per
cent. "A total of 176,766 tons of ore was mined, of which all but
10,014 tons was milling ore. The mill produced 19,367 tons of
concentrates. A total of 7,244,179 pounds of copper, 1,721 ounces
of gold and 48,595 ounces of silver were secured. Copper pro
duction cost 7.05 cents' per pound. Total cost, including freight,
smelting and refining, was 10.50 cents per pound."
Of other mining properties in Beaver may be mentioned the
Newhouse, Horn Silver, King David, Indian Queen and other val-

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 191
uable claims which all in all receive active operations and pro
gress of developments, which the lack of space will not permit a
further account of. Sufficient to say Beaver county is by no
means behind in giving its quota to Utah's mineral wealth, while
its outside croppings, figuratively speaking, have only been
touched to the present time.

West Mountain District.
The camp of Bingham, situated in Salt Lake county, and
within about twenty-seven miles of Salt Lake City, is in many
respects the most remarkable mining district in the state, if not
indeed in the entire western mining region. Here is to be found a
great number of valuable mines', which are owned by wealthy
mining companies, the principal ones being: The Highland Boy,
Bingham,-New Haven, Yampa, Tiewaukee, Gold, Maxwell, Utah.
Apex, Butler, Liberal, Kempton, Ashland, and many other val
uable properties. This camp produces gold, silver, lead and cop
per. The present yield of smelting ores of the district is about 20,-
000 tons per day. It has paid more than $100,000,000 in dividends.
Over 2,000 persons are employed in the mines of this camp.
It is difficult for a person looking from a distance to thor
oughly comprehend the magnitude of the work being done in
Bingham. One must visit the camp first and even then, if not
posted on mining ways and methods, cannot grasp the real mean
ing of it all. They may see huge steam shovels busily engaged in
tearing down a mountain ; they may see the loaded tramway
cars bringing ore down from the workings above and many trains
going hither and thither along the terraced railroad tracks on
the mountain side, yet they do not grasp the real significance of
this vast enterprise as it affects the general welfare of the com
monwealth. It required the investment of millions and millions
of dollars before a dollar could be returned ; but now the reward
is being reaped and Bingham now securely occupies a place
among the great mining camps of the world. The lessons learned
in Bingham regarding the profitable handling of large bodies of
low grade copper ores have been applied to advantage in other
camps and the best example of this is found at Ely, where the
Nevada Consolidated and Cumberland Ely mines are shining ex
amples. While it is difficult to state accurately just what the pro
duction of the camp has been this year (1908) in dollars and
cents, it is reasonable to presume that it has been somewhere
between the $10,000,000 and $20,000,000 mark. Next year it will
doubtless amount to very much more, for it is a matter of only a
few months more until the Ohio Copper company will be supply-

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

193

ing its new mill at Lark with 4,500 tons a day out of which engi
neers of this corporation figure will be obtained more than 38,-
000,000 pounds of copper annually and net earnings of $2,000,000
on a 14-cent copper market. The Utah Apex Mining company is
another large Bingham enterprise which is being rapidly whip
ped into shape for a long and prosperous career, and among
the improvements planned for the coming year will be a concen
trating mill of capacity sufficient to reach at least 500 tons a day.
This company recently secured an option on the properties of the
Phoenix Mining company, which, if taken up, will place the
Utah Apex in possession of some valuable water rights, besides
adding greatly to its tonnage of available ore reserves.

The Ohio Copper Co,
Statement from one of Bingham's leading producers :
The Ohio Copper company has over seven million tons of ore
blocked out, ready for mining. Within four months another

* VIEW OF BRINT MOUNTAIN
Home of the Cliff Dwellers in Southeastern Utah.

194 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
block of ore fully as large will be "in sight," as the development
in the Mascotte tunnel has proven the ore body at that depth,
520 feet below the 500 foot level of the mine. The Ohio concen
trator at Lark, which is connected to the mine by an electric line
and the Mascotte tunnel will be completed this year. It has a
capacity of 2,500 tons daily. It is the intention to double this
plant as soon as possible, bringing the plant up to a daily capac
ity of 5,000 tons. The mine and mill when running at full ca
pacity will employ about 700 men.

Marysvale Gold Mountain Mining District.
This district is situated in Sevier county, in the southern part
of the State. In this district are located many valuable mining
claims, which of recent dates have come into prominence, and in
future developments of this mining camp the outlook is very
promising for mineral wealth. It is an inviting field for capital,
and induces the conviction that with thorough prospecting and
development, there will be uncovered along the mineral zone
several mines of magnitude and productiveness of equal or more
richness than those mines which to date have been discovered.
The Marysvale and Gold Mountain sections of Utah are
so closely connected geographically, and by the fact that both are
on the same mineral zone, that to treat of one is to treat of
both. It would be hard to find a more generously mineralized
country anywhere than this zone, a zone twenty by ten miles in
extent. That the section was appreciated at one time is evidenced
by the former days of activity when it shipped fortunes from the
surface. But unwise management entered into the situation. Owners
who had found ores at a depth of 150 to 200 feet began to be
lieve that the best method of mining was not to follow the ore
to depth, but to drive blind tunnels in the hopes of cutting the
resources. Several expensive tunnels were started, and all were
useless. The camp went into a decline, and every effort ceased.
At Marysvale the. old Deer Trail company has resumed work
again, a piece of work of great importance. This is one of
the great low grade gold propositions of the State, and can be
made into one of the best paying. The property contains over
150,000 tons of ore now blocked out, with the chances favorable
for 1 his tonnage to be greatly augmented by the work now un
der way. The rock will range from $8 to $9 per ton gold.
The Gold Development company is another active proposition
now that gives much promise of success. This company is driv
ing a long tunnel to tap the main vein at a vertical depth of 1,000
feet. This is the vein from which has been taken, and adjoining

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 195
territory, a great deal of rich ores, and the depth that will be
gained on the same by the Gold Development company should
demonstrate beyond any doubt the future of this property and
the entire district. The Bully Boy has started work again, and
it is reported that very fine gold ore is being found.
Over at Gold Mountain the Annie Laurie and Sevier Consol
idated companies both own undoubted meritorious propositions,
but it will take intelligent management and plenty of capital to
place them on the right sort of a paying basis. That this can and
will be done is not doubted for a minute in Salt Lake where the
merits of each are very well known. The year 1909 gives prom
ise of much being done with these great milling properties, for
both have been in the eye of capital long enough to be very
well thought of in spite of past unfavorable conditions.
There naturally are a great many other groups of claims' on
this mineral zone that are deserving of close attention, and doubt
less, now that gold mining has received such an impetus follow
ing the recent panic, will be receiving close attention in 1909 from
men of wealth. The districts mentioned are worthy of all that
capital can do, and absolutely unworthy of the present neglect
to which they are being subjected.

Deep Creek District.

What is commonly known as the Deep Creek territory is
really a vast area, which includes several mining districts
all of which have been explored for many years to an extent suf
ficient to prove beyond question the great variety of mineral
which is yet to be uncovered. The only drawback from a real
mining boom in this district is the lack of facilities for trans
portation of ores. The owners of property there have been com
pelled to wait and hope for some cheaper method of transmitting.
A great deal of work has been done in the camps of this dis
trict, which has demonstrated an abundance of mineral wealth.
The ores mined in this district have had an average of fifty per
cent, lead and one hundred and forty-five ounces in silver to
the ton. The present outlook for this district promises a most lively
activity which the region will experience before many days,
when many eyes will be turned to investigate what has hap
pened to this isolated camp.
Deep Creek now has1 its railroad. But much yet remains to
be done. The Western Pacific railroad line now comes within fifty
miles of the center of the mineral zone known as Deep Creek, and
there is every reason to expect that before 1909 has passed into

196 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
history a branch line will span this fifty miles, thus bringing the
blocked-out resources to the door of commerce.
Yet conditions now are greatly improved. Heretofore Deep
Cree"k shippers of ore have had to haul by wagon fully 200 miles,
through deep sand and over mountain roads, before getting their
ores' to the railroad tracks or their supplies from the tracks to
the mines. Now only fifty miles separate them from the world
and one more bite at railroad building will bring this distance
down. Copper, gold, silver, lead, bismuth and nearly every other
desirable metal exist in Deep Creek properties. Capital natur
ally has been slow to enter even so rich a section on account of
the trouble in getting in to it. In spite of these difficulties,
strong capital has dribbled into Deep Creek, but there are a few
faithful souls who have remained by their interests at the cost of
the comforts of life, and who have grown gray in this service.
There are no richer ores anywhere than in Deep Creek and
there is no point in the country worthy of more attention. For
tunes are in the mines there, but it will take capital to get them
out. And it would seem that right now is the best time to gather
in some Deep Creek mineral ground before the man of money
can get into the heart of the camp in his Pullman car.
The Western Pacific has already made its influence felt on
the Silver Island district, which is between Deep Creek and Salt
Lake, and two or three companies are now preparing shipments
of ore for the market. The Silver Island ores are rich and grow
better as depth is gained on them.

Mineral Deposits Found in Utah.
The record of Utah's mineral deposits as to the various
grades and nature, which have been discovered up to the present
time, reaches over two hundred different classes of minerals.
These, of course, vary in value and importance for mining; such
of them as are present in the ores of the active mines are steadily
produced, others are mined only as demand may justify.
Those minerals which in particular are of interest by their
value and demand may be mentioned as follows:

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

197

Agate.
Alabaster. Alum, in varieties.

Lignite, in varieties.
Lemonite, or iron ore.
Magnisite.

Amphibol, in varieties.
Anglesite, or lead sulphate.
Antimony.Argentiferous Galena.
Argentite, or sulphide of silver.^
Arsenic.

Macasite, or white pyrites.
Miargyrite, or white ruby silver.
Mica, in varieties.
Mineral Wax.
Moss Agate.
Muscovite, or white mica.
Nitre, or saltpeter.
Atacamite, or chloride of copper. Nitro-Calsite.
Azurite, or copper carbonate. Nitro-Glauberite.
Basalt. Ochres, in varieties.
Bismuth. Onyx.
Bitumen. Opal, in varieties.
Blue Vitriol. Opalized Wood.
Bog Iron Ore. Pickeringite, or magnesia alum.
Bole, in varieties. Prase, or green quartz.
Bornite, or purple copper. Pyrites, in varieties.
Bosjemanite, or manganese alum. Pyrolusite, or maganese ore.
Calamine, or tine silicate. Pyromorphite, or lead phosphate
Calsite, in varieties. Pyrozene, in varieties.
Cerargyrite, or silver chloride. Rose Quartz.
Cerusite, or lead carbonate. Smithsonite, or tine carbonate.
Chalcanthite, or copper sulphate. Smoky Quartz.
ChrysocoUa, or copper silicate. Soapstone, in varieties.
Selenite, or transparent gypsum.
Silicious Sinter.
Silver (native).
Soda, carbonate.

Cinnabar.
Coal (igitic and bituminous).
Copper (native).
Cuprite, or red copper ore

Embolite, or chlor-bromid silver. Specular Iron.

Feldspar, in varieties.
Freislebinite, or gray silver ore.
Galinite.Garnet, in varieties.
Gilsonite (Uintaite).
Gold (native).
Gray copper ore.
Horn Silver, or cyrangyrite.
Hydrocuprite, or copper ore.
Iron Ochres.
Iron Pyrites.
Iron Vitriol.
-Jasper, in varieties.
Jet. Kaolinte, or porcelain clay.

Stephanite, or black brittle sil
ver ore.
Sulphide of Silver.
Sulphur, in varieties.
Tealites, in varieties.
Tetrahedrite, or gray copper ore.
Tmsite, or tine oxide.
Topaz, white, yellow or blue.
Tufa, in varieties.
Velvet Copper.
Vitrious Copper Ore.
Volcanic Glass.
Volcanic Scoria.
Wad, maganese ore.
Wulfenite, or molybdate of lead.

198

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

A Credit to Utah's Treasury House.
A thirty years' record of Utah's production of precious
metals from January, 1877, to December 31, 1907:

YEARS

Gold.
Dollars.

Silver.
Dollars.

Lead.
Dollars.

Copper.Dollars.

Aggregate. Dollars.

1877 

358,107.75
276,874.65 525,108.44 165,773.40144,317.94186,836.13
144,503.97 114,305.10
184,024.01
218,626.59235,369.29287,923.62 516,233.25
699,700.17747,427,20 789,221.94
1,117,668.241,166,346.091,352,190.061,940,830.721,663,252.89
2,168,283.003,581,408.22 4,263,424.873,945,303.57 4,007,189.55
4,904,660.285,688,714.72 5,149,787.65
5,218,386.00 5,130,459.00

5,231,643.60 4,752,159.63 4,105,471,70
4,029,501,30 5,503,762.95
6,114,874.504.984,939.30 6,123,047.046,211,596.56
5,860,837.355,976,884.89 5,787,527.61
6,656,249.998,492,209.448,759,206.60 7,792,388.655,233,965.204,193,674.80 5,366,032.11
5,843,868.004,522,058.654,403,854.23 4,612,351.05
6,248,610.07 6,801,816.18
7,915,388.83
10,480,681.23 7,494,715.34
6,648,200.427,738,925.008,633,367.00

1,648,082.40 798,741.24
695,653.00
786,065.07
1,101,050.14
1,771,786.00
1,747,326.45 1,149,852.70
1,222,172.461,414.898.981,308,538.781,203,313.24
4,468,246.662,098,766.512,657,495.852,505,720.44 1,542,135.47 895,124 36
1,486,427.23
1,358,456.11
1,818,607.89
2,348,998.602,701,869.00 3,122,863.25
3,210,967.505,314,098.484,708,929.53 5,169,291.62
4,897,532.775,626,000.007,544,866.00

24,101.08

• 7,237,833.75

1878 

5,851,606.60

1879 
1880 
1881 

5,126,305.14 ",981,340.67
6,749,131.03

1882 

75,735.00 6.337.20
144,453.00124,566.00
288,681.60206,079.20 76,536.64
100,983.30 91,130.80
69,060.3553,308.00
151,532.99
267,139.50323,677.28
426,691.04
1,246,000.00
2,514,597.46 3,750,247.323,154,520.394,459,152.776,379,142.109,329,600.58
12,744,988.00 16,571,155.00

8,149,231.63

1883 

6,876,769.72

1884 

7,393,542.01

1885 
1886 
1887 
1888 
1889 
1890 
1891 

7,617,794.037,638,815.927,645,358.967,566,545.97
8,846,808.10
11,357,212.76
12.265,112.94

1892 
1893 
1894 
1895 

11,178,461.83 7,962,829.636,308,453.258,356,182.39

1896 
1897 
1898 
1899 

9,410,293.93
8,317,596.71 9,347,826.87
12,141,628.27

1900 

16,149,485.65

1901 
1902 

17,708,334.57
20,391,147.25

1903 

24,553,423.81

1904 

24,731,863.78

1905 
1906 
1907 

26,025,121.4231,328,299.00 37,879,847.00

Total Gold....
Total Silver...
Total Lead ¦ •
Total Copper
Total 

. 56,691,420.91
.192,519,759.12 . 75,323,608.86
. 62,569,416.60
.387,104,205.29

A Statement of Facts.
The above mining districts reierred to are but a part of num
erous others within the State that would furnish a record of
great interest did space permit to give an account of them all,
but in conclusion it must be stated that Utah's mining industry
is yet in its infancy as to developments that are coming along.
What is most needful in forwarding its interests in this respect is
capital and facilities in handling its products. Many mining dis
tricts and valuable claims are lying dormant for this reason,
but the outlook is promising for activity in all directions. What
has been achieved in the past by Utah's mining industry evi
dences the fact that from this source alone, of her natural re
sources, a still greater and more promising future is assured,
that will yet be recorded as the most astonishing proof of her
unlimited resources for wealth, progress and general prosperity.

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT. 199
Utah's Dividend Record for 1907.
Beck Tunnel, Tintic  $ 340,000
Bingham-New Haven, Bingham  22,869
Bullion Beck, Tintic  30,000
Century, Tintic  6,000
Colorado, Tintic  320,000
Columbus Consolidated, Alta  212,623
Daly-Judge, Park City  225,000
Daly West, Park City  378,000
Eureka Hill, Tintic (estimated)  100,000
Gemini, Tintic  100,000
Grand Central, Tintic  147,500
Horn Silver, Frisco  60,000
eLower Mammoth, Tintic  57,000
Mammoth, Tintic  80,000
May Day, Tintic  64,000
Newhouse, Newhouse  300,000
Silver King, Park City  375,000
Swansea, Tintic  5,000
Uncle Sam Consolidated, Tintic  70,000
Utah Mine, Fish Springs  36,000
Utah Consolidated, Bingham  2,100,000
Victoria, Tintic  30,000
Yankee Consolidated, Tintic  15,000
United States S. R. & M. Co., Bingham  2,564,436
Total  $7,638,428
Gain of 1907 over 1906, $2,487,938.

Utah's Coal Industry.
There is coal enough in Utah to supply the world for cen
turies. With better railroad facilities into the coal regions of the
state the output will be enormously increased. Carbon county is
now the largest producer, with Summit the second, but there are
many small mines the product of which is for consumption in the
localities where the mines are situated. This year the output
in the state will reach about 250,000,000 tons. Of this about
300,000 tons were produced by independent mines.
Like the other coal-producing states of the Rocky Mountain
region, the coai areas of Utah are widely distributed. The largest
field and the most important in respect to thickness and develop
ment of the coals, so far as known, is that of the Rock Cliffs,
known formerly as the Wasatch field. This field is situated in
the Book Cliffs, extending from the Colorado line westward to
Castle Gate, near the center of the state, and thence southwest-

200

SALT LAKE CITY' PAST AND PRESENT.

ward in the eastern escarpment of the Wasatch plateau, to eastern
Sevier county. Its length in the state is about 160 miles.
Next in importance as regards known occurrence and devel
opment of coal is the Coalville or Weber River field, situated in
Summit county, off the eastern flank of the Wasatch mountains.
This field has an area of a few square miles of available coal.
The protracted faulting and tilting of the strata including the
coal beds are obstacles to the extensive development of the Coal
ville coals.
Other known coal areas are on Henrys Fork and Ashley
creek, in the northeastern part of the state ; on Colob plateau, in
the southwestern part, and in the Henry mountains district.
Workable coal beds are reported to occur at a number of places
in the northern part of what was formerly the Uintah reservation
and in Uintah county, but little is known of the extent and quali
ty of the coals in these areas. According to reports coming from
the - Colob and Uintah fields, it is possible that their combined
areas may equal that of the Book Cliffs field.
All of the really large mining properties are in the western
part of the Book Cliffs' field, at Sunnyside, Castle Gate, Winter-
quarters and Clear Creek, in Carbon county, which produces 95
per cent of the coal mined in the state.
Utah has over 150 operated coal mines, distributed mostly
in Carbon, Emery, Sanpete, Summit, and Uintah counties. Her
extensive coal fields are by no means fully known, nor are the
developments reached the standard looked for. Sufficient to say
the quality and quantity of Utah's coal mines will in the course
of years surpass every thing so far known of this exsistent
wealth.

UTAH'S GREAT FACTOR FOR PUSHING

Wilcox Summer Resort, Willow Creek, Ogden Canyon

Wilcox Boating Resort, Ogden Canyon
SOME OF THE SCENIC SUMMER RESORTS IN PICTURESQUE OGDEN
CANYON. VICINITY OF OGDEN, UTAH.

202 SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.
A Word in Conclusion.
In closing these chaptors on Utah and her people, the au
thor takes pleasure in calling attention to the prefatory para
graph of the State Statistical report for 1908, wherein Mr.
Hugh A. McMillin, the State Statistican, gives the following
expression in summarizing his extensive report on Utah's wealth
and resources:"Our State stands to-day unmatched in rapid development,
her golden promise is pre-eminent and the inducements she is
able to offer to men with nerve, brains, energy and capital are
unparalleled. Her mountains are stored with untold treasures, her
plains extensive enough to be made a nation's granary; and
mountain and plain vieing with each other in their adaptability
to yield their wealth to labor; a climate matchless in its salu
brity; the opportunity for successful enterprise is indeed bewild
ering. This heritage of wealth, made possible by the sacrifice of the
pioneers, was, fortunately for succeeding generations, built upon
foundations both broad and deep and the superstructure now
being raised thereon is massive and substantial and future years
will witness the adornment of the noble work made lasting by
the efforts of a prosperous and contented people, enjoying the
fruits of their toil amid the countless blessings of this great Com
monwealth, Our per capita of wealth production is rapidly increasing,
placing our State in that regard in the first rank in the Union.
Land is rapidly increasing in value, vast irrigating projects
are under way; railroad extension is in evidence throughout the
State; new coal fields are being developed; our oil fields rival
those of California; our vast beds of copper promise to supplant
the supremacy of Michigan or Montana; no longer has this or
neighboring states need to send to Venezuela for material for
road building, for here in Utah is a world's supply of asphaltum,
new silver and lead deposits are being discovered and the beds
of marble and building stone now in course of development bid
fair to rival in quantity and quality those of Vermont or In
diana."

Long had Utah been waiting her admittance to the Union of
our States, to add her quota to the magnitude of the Nation;
but loyally and faithfully she bided her time. When it come to
pass, she soon evinced recognition and admiration of her domes
tic, social and National affairs. Thus has Utah, by enduring toils

SALT LAKE CITY PAST AND PRESENT.

203

and virtuous patience, enlarged our national affairs and added a
lustrous Star to our country's flag, which shall ever wave over
her coming generations.

Table of Contents.

Page.
Agriculture  176
A Credit to Utah's Treasury House  198
Art, Music and Intellectual Culture  71
A Statement of Facts  '.  198
A Word in Conclusion  202
Banking Institutions  106
Beaver County District  189
Bransford, John S., Taking office of Mayor  31
(Jhapter on Utah's General Eesources, etc. (Title)  171
Churches  47-57
City and County Building  23
City Council, The  27
Clubs, Societies, etc  79
Deep Creek District  195
Era of Growth and Progress  21-45
Erection of Present Business Structures  97
Federal Building and Post Office  108
First Rule of Government  17
Fort Douglas  120
Founding and Development of Salt Lake City  7
Government Reservoirs  178
Hospitals of Salt Lake  117
Industry and Commerce  87
Investments and Buildings  93
Marysvale Gold Mountain Mining District  194
Mineral Deposits Found in Utah  196
Mines and Mining  183
New Passenger Stations  .'  101
Park City and Adjacent Mines  183
Past and Present Street Car System  103
Pioneers' New Home, The  9
Police Department  33

TABLE OF CONTENTS 205
Page.
Present Fire Department  41
Progress of the Colony  11
Railroads and Traffic  99
Review of Utah's Resources, etc  174
Salt Lake City Public Library  75
Salt Lake's Financial Situation  110
Scenic Attractions  122
Schools and Education  57-70
Stansbury's Description of Salt Lake City  15
Some of Our Philanthropists and Standard Bearers for
Greater Salt Lake  129
Summary of Facts Regarding Salt Lake City  114
Summer Resorts  123
The Mercur District  184
The Press  118
The. Salt Lake Theatre  81
Tintic District  187
Tribute to Salt Lake Veteran Volunteer Fire Department. ... 38
Utah's Beet Sugar Industry  180
Utah's Coal Industry  199
Utah's Dividend Record for 1907  199
Utah, The Inland Empire  173
Water Department  45
West Mountain District  191
Young Men's Christian Association  70
Portraits and Biographical Sketches.
A. C. Nelson (State Supt. of Instruction)  168
A Piute Indian  182
Arthur L. Thomas  138
Brigham Young  172
Brigham Young and Brothers  8
David Keith  151
Ezra Thompson  133
Gen. P. E. Connor  121
George Ottinger  39
G. W. Bartch  161
Heber M. Wells  136

206 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page.
Irving A. Benton  158
J. G. McDonald  164
Jim Bridger  179
John S. Bransford, Mayor  30
Mayors of Salt Lake City  16-17
Members of Salt Lake City Council 1906-7  26-27
M. H. Walker  143
Miss Emma Warburton-Powell  38
Pioneer Actors  82
Pioneer School Teachers  60
Representative Bankers  107
Representative Heads of Industrial and Commercial Organ
izations  115
Representative Heads of Art, etc  72
Representative Heads of Public Schools  66
Representative Ministers  56
Samuel M. Barlow (Chief of Police)  44
Samuel Newhouse  146
The First Presidency, Church of Latter-day Saints  48
Utah (Representation)  203
William H. Glore (Chief of Fire Department)  44
Wm. Spry, Governor  130
W. H Bancroft  156
W. J. Halloran  154
W. S. McCornick   140
Illustrations.
Academies and College Buildings  68
An Old Fire Scene  43
Apartment House (Sampson's)  92
Arrival of First Locomotive, 1870  20
Brigham Young 's Mill  79
Club Buildings  80
Council Chamber  24
Denver & Rio Grande Depot  100
Devereu House  85
Evolution of School Buildings  58
Exhibit of First Bullion Produced in Utah, 1871  20

TABLE OF CONTENTS 207
Page.
First Glimpse of the Salt Lake Valley  6
First House Built in Salt Lake City  8
Fort Douglas in General Connor's Days  120
Gardo House and Davereu House  85
Glimpse of Wandemere (Summer Resort)  123
Hall of Volunteer Fire Department Association  39
Handsome Residences  113
Headquarters Fire Department  42
Headquarters Police Department  32
Holy Cross Hospital  117
Home of the Cliff Dwellers  1 93
Homes of Salt Lake Pioneer Press  119
Hotels, Wilson and Knutsf ord  116
Interior Section of City Jail  33
Lehi Sugar Factory  18.1
Main Street in 1860  14
Modern Fire Extinguishers  44
New Bishopric Building  92
New Church Edifices  54
New City and County Building  22
Newhouse Buildings  94
Newhouse Mill at Cactus  188
New Union Depot  98
Ohio Copper Mine, Bingham, Utah  192
Old Landmark (Postoffice)  86
Pioneer Monument  2
Places of Worship  170
Post Office (Federal Building)  109
Public Library  76
Representative Public Schools  62
Salt Lake City in 1868  Ill
Salt Lake Banking Houses  105
Salt Lake Theater  82
Scene in Echo Canyon  128
Some Magnificent Homes  185
South Temple or Brigham Street  112
Sunset on Great Salt Lake  126
The Catholic Cathedral  50

208 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page.
The Grand Organ  49
The Historic Council House  12
The Historical Eagle Gate  ,  104
The Historical Water Wheei  10
The Old and New Rig  102
The Old Salt Lake County Court House  12
The Saltair Pavilion  124
Townsend House  127
Transports to City Jail  34
Unloading Goods from Ox Train. 186,8  10
Utah's Great Factor for Pushing  200
View of Lagoon  125
View of Our Farmers' Life in Temporary Quarters  175
View of Temple Block  46
Views in Ogden Canyon  201
Your Humble Servant (A Pen Picture)  37
Z. C. M. 1  90

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